Frecuencia de secuela renal pos evento agudo en síndrome urémico hemolítico

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Jose Antonio Lulli-Cantoni

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de secuela renal después del evento agudo de Síndrome Urémico Hemolítico (SUH en niños y los factores asociados a la presencia de secuelas. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes con SUH en el HNCH de 1997 al 2012, y se registraron datos de características clínicas, hallazgos de laboratorio y parámetros de función renal al ingreso, al alta y a los seis meses después del alta. En los casos que no contaban con control a los 6 meses, se intentó contactar a los pacientes para tomar nuevos controles. Resultados: Siete de 12 pacientes presentaron disminución en la tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG o proteinuria o hipertensión a los 6 meses o más después del episodio agudo, con un promedio de 30,75 meses de seguimiento. Tanto en los pacientes con secuelas como con recuperación renal se encontró una distribución similar de los factores asociados a secuelas como hipertensión al alta, proteinuria al alta, necesidad de diálisis, oligoanuria, leucocitosis > 20 000 cel/mm3 y síntomas neurológicos. Sin embargo algunas variables como oligoanuria y necesidad de diálisis se encontraron a niveles por debajo de los descritos en la literatura. Conclusiones: Es claro que existen pacientes con secuelas renales luego del episodio agudo de SUH que además presentan varios factores predictores de secuelas descritos en la literatura.

Trombolisis en el infarto agudo del miocardio en servicio de emergencias

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Alexander del Toro Cámbara

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: las enfermedades cardiovasculares y dentro de estas, el infarto agudo del miocardio han sido el mayor problema de salud y la principal causa de muerte en muchos países del mundo durante varias décadas. Objetivo: determinar la efectividad de la estreptoquinasa recombinante cubana en la morbilidad y mortalidad del infarto agudo del miocardio. Material y método: se realizó una investigación observacional, descriptiva y transversal en los pacientes con diagnóstico de Infarto Agudo del Miocardio, que acudieron al servicio de emergencias del Policlínico Universitario Pedro Borrás, entre septiembre 2009 y agosto 2010. El universo lo integraron 56 pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo con elevación del ST, y la muestra 42 pacientes trombolizados. Las técnicas de procesamiento y análisis fueron la distribución en frecuencias absolutas y relativas y la prueba de ji cuadrado. Resultados: predominaron los pacientes del sexo masculino y edades comprendidas entre 45 y 60 años. Prevaleció la implantación del tratamiento por debajo de las seis horas, siendo tratados un número pequeño de pacientes durante la primera hora, efectiva en todos los casos. Sobresalieron como reacciones adversas la hipotensión arterial y las contracciones auriculares y ventriculares prematuras. Preponderó la desaparición del dolor y regresión de los cambios isquémicos electrocardiográficos como criterios de reperfusión. Conclusiones: el uso de la estreptoquinasa recombinante cubana contribuyó a disminuir la mortalidad en pacientes con infarto agudo al miocardio quedando así demostrado su efectividad.

Differential diagnosis of the acute abdomen. Pt. 4. Acute abdomen in children; Differenzialdiagnose des akuten Abdomens. T. 4. Akutes Abdomen im Kindesalter

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Staatz, Gundula [Universitaetsklinikum Mainz (Germany). Sektion Kinderradiologie; Schneider, Karl [Klinikum der Univ. Muenchen (Germany). Abt. Radiologie

2010-06-15

The diagnostic work-up of adults with acute abdominal pain has changed significantly within the last decade and computed tomography is often used as the first imaging modality of choice. In pediatric patients with an acute abdomen, ultrasound and abdominal X-rays remain the first line procedures. Because of the radiation risk, computed tomography is only recommended in selected cases and when strongly indicated. This review is the fourth and final part within a series of reviews dealing with the diagnostic strategy in the work-up of patients with an acute abdomen. (orig.)

Ketorolaco versus Metamizol en el tratamiento del dolor posoperatorio en niños

OpenAIRE

Palo Núñez, Gloria Pamella; Hospital II Cañete Essalud; Jiménez Castro, Jesús Orlando; Hospital San José Callao MINSA

2015-01-01

Objetivo:Evaluar la efectividad de Ketorolaco y Metamizol en el tratamiento del dolor agudo posoperatorio de adenoamigdalectomías en niños de tres a seis años atendidos en el Servicio de Anestesiología en el Hospital Alberto Sabogal Sologuren durante el periodo 2012-2013.MaterialyMétodos:Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. La investigación incluyó 115 niños que fueron sometidos de forma electiva a adenoamigdalectomías cuyas edades estuvieron comprendidas entre los...

FRACASO RENAL AGUDO EN EL PACIENTE ONCOLOGICO. ANALISIS CLINICO Y PRONOSTICO.

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Purroy A,

2004-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: El fracaso renal agudo es un problema frecuente en el paciente oncológico, que plantea limitaciones en el pronóstico y en el planteamiento terapeútico. El desarrollo de registros de pacientes oncológicos con fracaso renal agudo permite analizar el perfil clínico y plantear aspectos a desarrollar desde el punto de vista terapeútico y sobre todo preventivo. El empleo de determinados índices pronósticos como el ISI (Liaño o el de fallo multiorgánico permite evaluar mejor este perfil clínico. En nuestra experiencia el fracaso renal agudo en el paciente oncológico es una complicación frecuente y relacionada con el proceso de base. Mediante este registro de pacientes hemos identificado un perfil clínico de alto riesgo consistente en un paciente con un fallo renal asociado a un proceso infeccioso, con insuficiencia respiratoria, oligúrico y con una puntuación elevada de esos índices pronósticos.

Tratamiento del episodio agudo de asma bronquial en los servicios de urgencias pediátricos: Guía clínica práctica Treatment of the acute episode of bronchial asthma at the pediatric emergency services: Practical clinical guide

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Roberto Razón Behar

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Por lo general, no existe una sistematización para clasificar y tratar el episodio agudo de asma bronquial ni para evaluar la evolución de los pacientes. Se realizó un estudio en 142 pacientes de 6 a 15 años de edad, que presentaron episodios agudos de asma bronquial y acudieron a los servicios de urgencias de los Hospitales Pediátricos «William Soler» y «Leonor Pérez», y del Policlínico «Federico Capdevila». A estos pacientes se les aplicó una guía clínica práctica, que incluyó la clasificación de la severidad del episodio agudo y un esquema de tratamiento, basado en la utilización de oxígeno, broncodilatadores inhalados y esteroides orales. Durante el tratamiento, los pacientes se evaluaron con periodicidad. La respuesta al tratamiento fue buena en la mayoría de los casos y el resultado final fue el egreso domiciliario. Ocho de los pacientes requirieron ingreso hospitalario por respuestas al tratamiento incompletas o pobres. La atención del episodio agudo de asma bronquial puede mejorarse con el uso de guías clínicas prácticas de diagnóstico y tratamiento.

Síndromes coronarios agudos: epidemiología y diagnóstico

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Carlos A. Cassiani M.

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Los síndromes coronarios agudos son un problema mayor de salud pública en todo el mundo. El síndrome coronario agudo (SCA incluye infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM, con o sin elevación del ST y la angina inestable. La incidencia anual de IAM es 565.000 nuevos eventos y 300.000 ataques recurrentes cada año. Los factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardíaca isquémica (ECI incluyen: tabaquismo, niveles elevados de lípidos séricos, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, obesidad mórbida, sedentarismo, bajo consumo diario de frutas y vegetales, consumo problemático de alcohol e índice psicosocial. La evaluación inicial de un SCA debe enfocarse en el disconfort toráxico, signos y síntomas asociados y factores de riesgo para SCA. Los marcadores biológicos de lesión miocárdica hoy no son fundamentales para decidir el manejo inicial, aunque han contribuido a una mayor sensibilidad del abordaje diagnóstico y aportan datos para el pronóstico de los pacientes.

Acute abdomen

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Wig J

1978-01-01

Full Text Available 550 cases of acute abdomen have been analysed in detail includ-ing their clinical presentation and operative findings. Males are more frequently affected than females in a ratio of 3: 1. More than 45% of patients presented after 48 hours of onset of symptoms. Intestinal obstruction was the commonest cause of acute abdomen (47.6%. External hernia was responsible for 26% of cases of intestinal obstruction. Perforated peptic ulcer was the commonest cause of peritonitis in the present series (31.7% while incidence of biliary peritonitis was only 2.4%.. The clinical accuracy rate was 87%. The mortality in operated cases was high (10% while the over-all mortality rate was 7.5%.

Síndrome coronario agudo con supradesnivel del ST asociado al feocromocitoma con las catecolaminas inicialmente normales

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Jorge M. Pacheco

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Los feocromocitomas son tumores secretores de catecolaminas que cursan con paroxismos de hipertensión o hipotensión arterial y palpitaciones. Son una causa rara del síndrome coronario agudo. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con síndrome coronario agudo secundario a feocromocitoma que inicialmente tenía valores normales de catecolaminas.

Síndrome coronario agudo con supradesnivel del ST asociado al feocromocitoma con las catecolaminas inicialmente normales

OpenAIRE

Pacheco, Jorge M.; Pérez Baztarrica, Gabriel; Díaz Bozio, Fernando; Jiménez, Andrés; Porcile, Rafael

2016-01-01

Los feocromocitomas son tumores secretores de catecolaminas que cursan con paroxismos de hipertensión o hipotensión arterial y palpitaciones. Son una causa rara del síndrome coronario agudo. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con síndrome coronario agudo secundario a feocromocitoma que inicialmente tenía valores normales de catecolaminas.

[Diagnostic laparoscopy in acute abdomen].

Science.gov (United States)

Keller, R; Kleemann, M; Hildebrand, P; Roblick, U J; Bruch, H-P

2006-11-01

Acute abdomen is not a disease in itself but a description of a complex of symptoms combined with severe abdominal pain developed within a time frame of less than 24 h. All strategies for the management of acute abdomen underline the need for an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis and therapy. This requires focused and intelligent use of efficient diagnostic procedures. Diagnostic laparoscopy may be a key to solving the diagnostic dilemma of unspecific acute abdomen. Furthermore, it allows not only direct inspection of the abdominal cavity but also surgical intervention, if needed. In particular the rate of negative laparotomies can be reduced.

Identificación de síntomas relacionados al Síndrome de Apnea Obstructiva del sueño en historias clínicas de pacientes con eventos vasculares agudos.

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Darwin Roger VIZCARRA ESCOBAR

2006-07-01

Full Text Available El síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño (SAOS se caracteriza por ronquidos, pausas en la respiración y somnolencia diurna excesiva entre los síntomas más relevantes. Se ha demostrado una asociación con incremento de riesgo vascular en pacientes con SAOS. Objetivo: Evaluar si el personal médico busca síntomas relacionados al SAOS en pacientes con un cuadro cerebrovascular o síndrome coronario agudo, en los servicios de Medicina del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia en Lima, Perú, desde septiembre del 2003 hasta septiembre del 2004. Materiales y métodos: Se planteó un estudio observacional retrospectivo. Se revisaron historias clínicas de 291 pacientes con diagnóstico al ingreso de accidente cerebrovascular, ataque isquémico transitorio o síndrome coronario agudo, buscando información sobre síntomas relacionados al SAOS, incluyendo evaluación por especialidades y epicrisis, detallando los evaluadores que recogieron los datos. Resultados: En la evaluación de 291 pacientes participaron 1122 evaluadores, 0,98 % de ellos consignó descartar el SAOS, que correspondió a 9 pacientes. En sólo 1 paciente se sugirió realizar un estudio de polisomnografía para corroborar el diagnóstico, sin ofrecerse ninguna opción terapéutica. Del total de pacientes, en el 6,87 % se indagó por ronquidos durante el sueño, 28,52 % por somnolencia y 0,68 % por episodios de apneas durante el sueño. Conclusiones: No se realiza una adecuada búsqueda del SAOS en pacientes con un evento cardiovascular o cerebrovascular agudo. En los pocos pacientes en los que se sospecha esta patología no existe seguimiento clínico ni tampoco se ofrece opción diagnóstica ni terapéutica alguna. (Rev Med Hered 2006;17:148-155.

Comunicación interventricular post infarto agudo del miocardio

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Fabián A. Ruiz, MD

2013-11-01

En este artículo se expone el caso de un paciente con síndrome coronario agudo sin terapia de reperfusión inicial, con posterior ruptura del septum interventricular, en quien se evidenció la utilidad de la ecocardiografía en el diagnóstico de dicha entidad.

Daño pulmonar agudo asociada a transfusión en el embarazo

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Silvia María Melians Abreu

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el daño pulmonar agudo asociado a la transfusión es una reacción adversa a la transfusión poco frecuente, la mortalidad se ha estimado entre 1-10 %. Su diagnóstico es clínico e infrecuentemente sospechado, su incidencia es baja. Presentación del caso: se presentaron dos transfusión-related-acute-lunginjury en dos gestantes con 28,5 y 32 semanas de embarazo respectivamente, hospitalizadas en la salas de cuidados materno perinatales con enfermedades asociadas al embarazo, a quienes se le administraron componentes sanguíneos, ambas a las 5 horas de transfundidas; presentaron el síndrome clínico con hipoxemia moderada y necesitaron ventilación; con estos hallazgos y la relación temporal con la transfusión. Se realizó el diagnóstico de síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda moderada asociada a transfusión. Conclusiones: el resultado fue óptimo con resolución completa del evento respiratorio. Se considera importante reportar ambos casos dado su aparición en embarazadas, causa poco frecuente informada en la literatura y la importancia de conservar la salud de la madre del niño y la niña e incentivar la notificación de esta reacción adversa a la transfusión al banco de sangre para fortalecer el sistema de hemovigilancia.

The abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baumgartner, B.R.

1987-01-01

Radiographic evaluation of the abdomen is obtained less often than that of the chest with the postoperative or critically ill patient. Because of the limitations in mobility with these patients, the studies are usually made with a portable radiographic unit and often require considerable assistance from the intensive care unit (ICU) staff. The technologist must use considerable care in obtaining these studies; optimal radiographic technique and careful patient positioning should result in a satisfactory radiograph so that the study will not have to be repeated. If a ''supine abdomen'' film is requested, the technologist will center the film to include the diaphragm; with a ''kidney-ureter-bladder'' film, the pelvis will be included and the diaphragm may not be seen. It is important to have as much clinical information as possible before interpreting any radiographs of the critically ill patient

Differential diagnosis of the acute abdomen. Pt. 4. Acute abdomen in children

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Staatz, Gundula; Schneider, Karl

2010-01-01

The diagnostic work-up of adults with acute abdominal pain has changed significantly within the last decade and computed tomography is often used as the first imaging modality of choice. In pediatric patients with an acute abdomen, ultrasound and abdominal X-rays remain the first line procedures. Because of the radiation risk, computed tomography is only recommended in selected cases and when strongly indicated. This review is the fourth and final part within a series of reviews dealing with the diagnostic strategy in the work-up of patients with an acute abdomen. (orig.)

Oxcarbazepina para los episodios afectivos agudos en el trastorno bipolar

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Akshya Vasudev

2012-09-01

Se necesitan ensayos controlados con asignación aleatoria con adecuado poder estadístico y de buena calidad metodológica para informar el potencial terapéutico de la oxcarbazepina a través del espectro de episodios agudos en el trastorno bipolar.

Complicaciones mecánicas del infarto agudo de miocardio: aunque infrecuentes, potencialmente letales

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Jerson Quitian Moreno

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Aunque la incidencia de complicaciones mecánicas en el infarto agudo de miocardio ha descendido después de la era de la intervención coronaria percutánea, la mortalidad sigue siendo significativa. La ruptura septal ventricular, la regurgitación mitral aguda y la ruptura de la pared libre del ventrículo izquierdo conforman el espectro de complicaciones mecánicas posteriores al infarto agudo de miocardio. La reparación quirúrgica es el pilar del tratamiento; sin embargo, como puente para la cirugía, el manejo médico permite estabilizar al paciente.

Modelo teórico práctico de atención médica al adulto mayor con abdomen agudo quirúrgico

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Pascual, Yazmín

2011-01-01

En los 100 últimos años ha transcurrido una revolución silenciosa e inusitada: la de la longevidad. Fenómeno demográfico mundial que provoca un incremento de adultos mayores, eleva la asistencia a los servicios de urgencias hospitalarios de este grupo de edad, aumenta el número de operados de esta afección, aumentan las complicaciones y muertes, es un problema de salud. La investigación tuvo como objetivo un modelo teórico práctico de atención médica al adulto mayor con abdomen ag...

Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen 2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Mayumi, Toshihiko; Yoshida, Masahiro; Tazuma, Susumu; Furukawa, Akira; Nishii, Osamu; Shigematsu, Kunihiro; Azuhata, Takeo; Itakura, Atsuo; Kamei, Seiji; Kondo, Hiroshi; Maeda, Shigenobu; Mihara, Hiroshi; Mizooka, Masafumi; Nishidate, Toshihiko; Obara, Hideaki; Sato, Norio; Takayama, Yuichi; Tsujikawa, Tomoyuki; Fujii, Tomoyuki; Miyata, Tetsuro; Maruyama, Izumi; Honda, Hiroshi; Hirata, Koichi

2016-01-01

Since acute abdomen requires accurate diagnosis and treatment within a particular time limit to prevent mortality, the Japanese Society for Abdominal Emergency Medicine, in collaboration with four other medical societies, launched the Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen that were the first English guidelines in the world for the management of acute abdomen. Here we provide the highlights of these guidelines (all clinical questions and recommendations were shown in supplementary information). A systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the evidence for epidemiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and primary treatment for acute abdomen was performed to develop the Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen 2015. Because many types of pathophysiological events underlie acute abdomen, these guidelines cover the primary care of adult patients with nontraumatic acute abdomen. A total of 108 questions based on nine subject areas were used to compile 113 recommendations. The subject areas included definition, epidemiology, history taking, physical examination, laboratory test, imaging studies, differential diagnosis, initial treatment, and education. Japanese medical circumstances were considered for grading the recommendations to assure useful information. The two-step methods for the initial management of acute abdomen were proposed. Early use of transfusion and analgesia, particularly intravenous acetaminophen, were recommended. The Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen 2015 have been prepared as the first evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute abdomen. We hope that these guidelines contribute to clinical practice and improve the primary care and prognosis of patients with acute abdomen. © 2015 Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery.

How to deal with an open abdomen?

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

De Waele, Jan J

2015-01-01

Appropriate open abdomen treatment is one of the key elements in the management of patients who require decompressive laparotomy or in whom the abdomen is left open prophylactically. Apart from fluid control and protection from external injury, fluid evacuation and facilitation of early closure are now the goals of open abdomen treatment. Abdominal negative pressure therapy has emerged as the most appropriate method to reach these goals. Especially when combined with strategies that allow progressive approximation of the fascial edges, high closure rates can be obtained. Intra-abdominal pressure measurement can be used to guide the surgical strategy and continued attention to intra-abdominal hypertension is necessary. This paper reviews recent advances as well as identifying the remaining challenges in patients requiring open abdomen treatment. The new classification system of the open abdomen is an important tool to use when comparing the efficacy of different strategies, as well as different systems of temporary abdominal closure.

Acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beger, H.G.; Kern, E.

1987-01-01

The book first presents the anatomy and physiology of the abdomen and continues with chapters discussing clinical and laboratory aspects and a suitable order of diagnostic examinations with reference to the acute processes, explaining the diagnostic tools: ultrasonography, radiography including angiography and CT, tapping techniques and endoscopy together with their basic principles, examination techniques, and diagnosis. One chapter presents a complete survey of the processes involving the entire abdomen - as e.g. peritonitis, ileus, abdominal trauma, intraperitoneal hemorrage. This chapter profoundly discusses the diagnostics and therapies including emergency measures and surgery. Problems requiring consultation among varous specialists, in internal medicine, gynecology, urology, or pediatrics, are discussed in great detail. Information for the anesthetist is given for cases of emergency. More than one third of the book is devoted to organ-specific information, dicussing the pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapy of the oesophagus, stomach, large and small intestine, bile ducts, pankreas, liver, spleen, and the abdominal vessels and the abdominal wall. (orig.) With 153 figs., 90 tabs [de

Factores relacionados con la mortalidad intrahospitalaria en el infarto agudo del miocardio

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Yanier Coll Muñoz

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: la identificación de los factores relacionados con la mortalidad en el infarto agudo del miocardio representa un eslabón primordial en la evaluación inicial de los pacientes. Objetivo: identificar los factores relacionados con la mortalidad intrahospitalaria de los pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio, ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Coronarios de Cienfuegos durante el año 2010. Método: se realizó un estudio de serie de casos, que incluyó 241 pacientes con diagnóstico de infarto agudo del miocardio, ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Coronarios del Hospital General Universitario Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima de Cienfuegos, en el año 2010. Las variables que se analizaron fueron: edad, sexo, antecedentes patológicos personales, tipo de infarto agudo del miocardio (según electrocardiograma y localización topográfica, frecuencia cardiaca y tensión arterial al ingreso, clasificación de la insuficiencia cardiaca según Killip Kimball, creatinina, glicemia, colesterol total, triglicéridos, CPK-MB, y eventos adversos cardiovasculares durante su estadía hospitalaria. Resultados: la edad media de los pacientes estudiados fue de 65,6 años, con predominio del sexo masculino. La hipertensión arterial, el tabaquismo y el infarto miocárdico previo fueron los antecedentes de mayor interés, predominan los pacientes sin insuficiencia cardiaca y fracción de eyección conservada. Los eventos adversos cardiovasculares más frecuentes fueron: la angina post-infarto, arritmias ventriculares malignas y el choque cardiogénico. Conclusiones: se encontró relación significativa con la mortalidad para la edad avanzada (>70 años, taquicardia, glicemia ≥7 mmol/l al ingreso, y la presentación de arritmias ventriculares y choque cardiogénico durante la evolución intrahospitalaria.

Tratamiento del dolor agudo en el paciente dependiente de sustancias

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DR. B. Juan Pablo Acuña

2014-07-01

Full Text Available El manejo del dolor agudo del paciente dependiente de sustancias, es un desafío para el profesional encargado de otorgar alivio a su síntoma. La dependencia de sustancias es reconocida como una enfermedad cerebral primaria crónica y recurrente. Su neurobiología y mecanismos fisiopatológicos de adaptación a la sustancia generan cambios en la percepción del dolor, en la respuesta a analgésicos opioides y cambios conductuales que interfieren con el tratamiento del dolor. Un conocimiento básico y claro respecto de lo descrito permite diseñar estrategias seguras y eficaces de alivio del dolor, sin interferir el curso de la enfermedad adictiva. Artículos de revisión, recomendaciones y guías elaboradas por expertos coinciden en que el tratamiento más eficaz del dolor incluye un manejo multimodal, un enfoque multidisciplinario, mantención de la terapia de sustitución y una estrecha vigilancia durante el episodio agudo de dolor y su seguimiento posterior.

Nuevos antiagregantes plaquetarios en síndrome coronario agudo

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Andrés F Buitrago

2013-06-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en los países industrializados y para 2020, lo serán en países en vía de desarrollo. El síndrome coronario agudo se caracteriza por la ruptura o erosión de una placa aterosclerótica que trae consigo grados variables de trombosis y embolización distal, que llevan a una disminución en la perfusión miocárdica. Posterior a la disrupción vascular, empieza un proceso de agregación, activación y adhesión plaquetaria que inicia la formación del trombo mural. Dado que el primer paso en la formación del trombo coronario involucra la activación y la agregación plaquetaria, el tratamiento con medicamentos antiplaquetarios es una de las piedras angulares del síndrome coronario agudo. La antiagregación dual con ácido acetil salicílico y un inhibidor del receptor P2Y12, hacen parte del manejo actual de los pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo y de aquellos sometidos a intervención coronaria percutánea. El clopidogrel es el inhibidor del receptor P2Y12 más utilizado; sin embargo, sus beneficios clínicos se ven limitados por varios factores que interfieren con la conversión del medicamento a su metabolito activo. Es por esto que recientemente se han desarrollado nuevos inhibidores del receptor P2Y12, como prasugrel y ticagrelor, con un efecto antiplaquetario más potente y mayores beneficios clínicos. Las actualizaciones recientes de las guías de manejo basadas en la evidencia los han incluido como parte del tratamiento de esta patología con un grado de recomendación incluso mayor que el de clopidogrel.

Attach importance to intervention therapy of acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Xuan

2006-01-01

Acute abdomen means a set of clinical emergency with acute abdominalgia as the primary characteristic symptom of onset, including others as the acute onset, quick symptom changes, severe illness, and oftenly need surgical treatment; therefore, acute abdomen ought to be designated within surgery domain. As interventional therapy is extensively applied in clinical medicine, now a days many victims of acute abdomen, especially those with ambiguous clinical diagnosis requiring an initial invasive examination (angiography, PTC, etc), should be referred to interventional therapy before taking an item of invasive measures. This new concept management has achieved good clinical curative effect and become one of the remarkable achievements in acute abdomen therapeutics. Such predominance finds proper expression in the following two aspects: (1) The evolution of contemporary medical iconography has made it possible to duly and accurately diagnose acute abdomen, and thus created a diagnostic predominance for us-interventionalists; (2) Intervention therapy is featured with its unique minimal invasion and massive effectiveness, and thus provides high leading edge than conventional surgical operation. The authors believe that intervention management ought to become the first-choice for treating the above mentioned acute abdomen. (authors)

MRI of the fetal abdomen; MRT des fetalen Abdomens

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hoermann, M.; Brugger, P.C.; Witzani, L.; Prayer, D. [Medizinische Universitaet Wien (Austria). Universitaetsklinik fuer Radiodiagnostik

2006-02-15

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important diagnostic component for central nervous system and thoracic diseases during fetal development. Although ultrasound remains the method of choice for observing the fetus during pregnancy, fetal MRI is being increasingly used as an additional technique for the accurate diagnosis of abdominal diseases. Recent publications confirm the value of MRI in the diagnosis of fetal gastrointestinal tract and urogenital system diseases. The following report provides an overview of MRI-examination techniques for the most frequent diseases of the abdomen. (orig.) [German] Die MRT ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil zur Diagnostik des zentralen Nervensystems und thorakaler Erkrankungen in der fetalen Entwicklung. Wenngleich der Ultraschall die Methode der Wahl zur Ueberwachung des Feten in der Schwangerschaft bleibt, bekommt die fetale MRT als zusaetzliche Untersuchungstechnik zur akkuraten Diagnostik abdomineller Erkrankungen immer groessere Bedeutung. Die neueren Publikationen bestaetigen v. a. den Stellenwert der MRT in der Diagnose von Erkrankungen des fetalen Gastrointestinaltrakts und des Urogenitalsystems. Im Folgenden soll ein Ueberblick ueber die MR-Untersuchungstechnik der haeufigsten Erkrankungen des Abdomens gegeben werden. (orig.)

The Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen 2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Mayumi, Toshihiko; Yoshida, Masahiro; Tazuma, Susumu; Furukawa, Akira; Nishii, Osamu; Shigematsu, Kunihiro; Azuhata, Takeo; Itakura, Atsuo; Kamei, Seiji; Kondo, Hiroshi; Maeda, Shigenobu; Mihara, Hiroshi; Mizooka, Masafumi; Nishidate, Toshihiko; Obara, Hideaki; Sato, Norio; Takayama, Yuichi; Tsujikawa, Tomoyuki; Fujii, Tomoyuki; Miyata, Tetsuro; Maruyama, Izumi; Honda, Hiroshi; Hirata, Koichi

2016-01-01

Since acute abdomen requires accurate diagnosis and treatment within a particular time limit to prevent mortality, the Japanese Society for Abdominal Emergency Medicine in collaboration with four other medical societies launched the Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen that were the first English guidelines in the world for the management of acute abdomen. Here we provide the highlights of these guidelines [all clinical questions (CQs) and recommendations are shown in supplementary information]. A systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the evidence for epidemiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and primary treatment for acute abdomen was performed to develop the Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen 2015. Because many types of pathophysiological events underlie acute abdomen, these guidelines cover the primary care of adult patients with nontraumatic acute abdomen. A total of 108 questions based on 9 subject areas were used to compile 113 recommendations. The subject areas included definition, epidemiology, history taking, physical examination, laboratory test, imaging studies, differential diagnosis, initial treatment, and education. Japanese medical circumstances were considered for grading the recommendations to assure useful information. The two-step methods for the initial management of acute abdomen were proposed. Early use of transfusion and analgesia, particularly intravenous acetaminophen, were recommended. The Practice Guidelines for Primary Care of Acute Abdomen 2015 have been prepared as the first evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute abdomen. We hope that these guidelines contribute to clinical practice and improve the primary care and prognosis of patients with acute abdomen.

El sólido hiperbólico agudo

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Rosa María Herrera

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Torricelli consideró el cálculo del volumen de sólido hiperbólico agudo como el mejor logro en sus trabajos con ‘indivisibles curvos’. Fue publicado en la Opera geometrica. Aquí se presenta como muestra del estilo de las demostraciones matemáticas (geométricas que se efectuaban en el siglo XVII, y por su valor precursor del cálculo infinitesimal. Es un ejemplo significativo para aproximarse al pensamiento torricelliano.

Infarto agudo de miocardio. Guía de práctica clínica

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Yanier Coll Muñoz

2011-08-01

Full Text Available

La elaboración de esta Guía de Práctica Clínica se justifica, en primer lugar, por la elevada frecuencia de presentación y mortalidad del infarto agudo del miocardio en la población general. Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen en la actualidad la principal causa de muerte en los países industrializados, y se espera que también lo sean en los países en vías de desarrollo en el año 2020.  La presente guía se refiere a los pacientes que presentan síntomas isquémicos o sus equivalentes, y una elevación persistente del segmento ST en el electrocardiograma, o cambios del electrocardiograma de infradesnivel del ST o de la onda T, compatibles con el diagnóstico de IAM sin elevación del ST. Esta Guía no aborda los elementos relacionados directamente con los procedimientos de intervencionismo coronario percutáneo ni la revascularización miocárdica quirúrgica.

49 CFR 572.19 - Lumbar spine, abdomen and pelvis.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

...-Year-Old Child § 572.19 Lumbar spine, abdomen and pelvis. (a) The lumbar spine, abdomen, and pelvis... 49 Transportation 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Lumbar spine, abdomen and pelvis. 572.19 Section..., the lumbar spine assembly shall flex by an amount that permits the rigid thoracic spine to rotate from...

Eficacia de la asociación paracetamol-metamizol vs. paracetamol-dexketoprofeno en manejo de dolor agudo postoperatorio

OpenAIRE

García Ramiro, M.; Alonso Guardo, L.; Matilla Álvarez, A.; Bartol Sevillano, R.; Vaquero Roncero, L. M.; Muriel Villoria, C.

2013-01-01

Objetivo: El uso de fármacos con mecanismos diferentes combinados entre sí para el tratamiento del dolor, en concreto del dolor agudo postoperatorio, forma parte fundamental de un tipo de analgesia llamada multimodal. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la eficacia de la asociación de paracetamol más metamizol y compararla con la asociación de paracetamol más dexketoprofeno en dolor agudo postoperatorio. Métodos: Diseñamos un estudio prospectivo de intervención en el que se incluyeron 42 p...

Prevention of Incisional Hernias after Open Abdomen Treatment

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Frederik Berrevoet

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Management of a patient with an open abdomen is difficult, and the primary closure of the fascial edges is essential to obtain the best patient outcome, regardless of the initial etiology of the open abdomen. The use of temporary abdominal closure devices is nowadays the gold standard to have the highest closure rates with mesh-mediated fascial traction as the proposed standard of care. However, the incidence of incisional hernias, although much more controlled than when leaving an abdomen open, is high and reaches up to 65%. As shown for other high-risk patient subgroups, such as obese patients, patients with an abdominal aneurysm, and patients with former -ostomy sites, the prevention of incisional hernias might be key to further optimize patient outcomes after open abdomen treatment. In this overview, current available modalities to decrease the incidence of incisional hernia are discussed. Most of these preventive options have been shown effective in giant ventral hernia repair and might work effectively in this patient cohort with open abdomen as well.

Aplicación de las escalas de estratificación del riesgo en el diagnóstico de los síndromes coronarios agudos

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John Jaime Sprockel Díaz

2017-09-01

Conclusiones: En una población de pacientes con alta probabilidad para el síndrome coronario agudo, las escalas HEART y TIMI mostraron una mayor capacidad para discriminar el diagnóstico del síndrome coronario agudo.

Efeitos do exercicio agudo sobre biomarcadores sericos de ratos diabeticos

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Fabio Milioni

2014-01-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: As respostas ao exercício agudo dos biomarcadores, como a fosfatase alcalina (FA e a creatina quinase (CK séricas têm sido pouco investigadas em ratos diabéticos. OBJETIVOS: Verificar os efeitos do exercício físico aeróbio agudo sobre as concentrações de CK e FA, bem como, avaliar o estado hídrico em ratos diabéticos experimentais. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos, adultos jovens, distribuídos em dois grupos: diabéticos (DA e controles (CA. O diabetes foi induzido por meio da administração de aloxana monoidratado Sigma(r (32 mg/kg de peso corporal. Duas semanas após confirmação do diabetes, ambos os grupos foram submetidos a uma sessão aguda de natação por 30 min, com carga aeróbia (4,5 % do peso corporal. Foram avaliados: glicose, hematócrito, CK, FA, albumina e a cinética de lactato durante o exercício por meio de coletas 25 µL de sangue da cauda dos animais, nos minutos 0, 10, 20 e 30 de exercício. RESULTADOS: ANOVA de dois fatores para medidas repetidas e o teste post hoc de Tukey apontaram diminuição significativa dos valores de glicemia após o exercício para o grupo DA, aumento significativo de CK pós-exercício para o grupo DA, aumento significativo de hematócrito para ambos os grupos após exercício e manutenção da FA após exercício para o grupo DA. CONCLUSÃO: O exercício agudo aeróbio foi eficiente no controle dos níveis glicêmicos de ratos diabéticos. Entretanto, deve ser aplicado com cautela, pois induziu altos valores de CK, sugerindo possíveis lesões teciduais.

Infarto Miocárdico Agudo: una perspectiva desde la Atención Primaria de Salud

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Lianne Ramos Marrero

Full Text Available Introducción: las enfermedades del corazón constituyen la primera causa de muerte a nivel mundial. Durante más de cuatro décadas, Cuba comportó similar estadística hasta el año 2012, a partir del cual el cáncer se situó como la primera causa de muerte; no obstante la enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen un problema de salud de segundo orden para Cuba y dentro de este ítem el infarto miocárdico agudo como la principal causa de muerte. Objetivo: profundizar en el conocimiento sobre los elementos diagnósticos y de la conducta ante un infarto miocárdico agudo en el nivel primario de atención. Desarrollo: se hace especial énfasis en los elementos diagnósticos y la conducta recomendada ajustada a las posibilidades del nivel primario de atención. Conclusiones: el Infarto miocárdico agudo aporta la mayor mortalidad dentro de las enfermedades cardiacas, de causa multifactorial, su diagnóstico en la atención primaria de salud se basa en el cuadro clínico y cambios electrocardiográficos. La trombólisis es piedra angular en el tratamiento temprano de reperfusión.

Diagnóstico por imagem do tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo Imaging of acute pulmonary thromboembolism

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C. Isabela S. Silva

2004-10-01

Full Text Available O diagnóstico do tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo é baseado na probabilidade clínica, uso do dímero D (quando disponível e na avaliação por imagem. Os principais métodos de imagem utilizados no diagnóstico são representados por cintilografia ventilação-perfusão, angiografia pulmonar e tomografia computadorizada (TC. Na última década vários estudos têm demonstrado que a TC espiral apresenta elevada sensibilidade e especificidade no diagnóstico de tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo. Uma melhor avaliação das artérias pulmonares tornou-se possível com a recente introdução dos equipamentos de TC espirais com multidetectores. Vários pesquisadores têm sugerido que a angiografia pulmonar por TC espiral deve substituir a cintilografia na avaliação de pacientes com suspeita clinica de tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo. Os autores discutem os principais métodos de imagem utilizados no diagnóstico de tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo enfatizando o papel da TC espiral.The diagnosis of acute pulmonary thromboembolism is based on the clinical probability, use of D-dimer (when available and imaging. The main imaging modalities used in the diagnosis are ventilation-perfusion (V/Q, scintigraphy, angiography, and computed tomography (CT. In the last decade several studies have demonstrated that spiral CT has a high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary thromboembolism. The evaluation of the pulmonary arteries has further improved with the recent introduction of multidetector spiral CT scanners. Various investigators have suggested that spiral CT pulmonary angiography should replace scintigraphy in the assessment of patients whose symptoms are suggestive of acute PE. This article discusses the role of the various imaging modalities in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary thromboembolism with emphasis on the role of spiral CT.

[Efficacy of intestinal splinting in hostile abdomen secondary to postoperative flanges in pediatric patients].

Science.gov (United States)

Bracho-Blanchet, Eduardo; Langarica-Bulos, Mónica; Dávila-Pérez, Roberto; Fernández-Portilla, Emilio; Zalles-Vidal, Cristian; Nieto-Zermeño, Jaime

2016-10-01

Objetivo: Mostrar la eficacia de la FI para prolongar el tiempo libre de oclusión intestinal quirúrgica en niños con abdomen hostil secundario a bridas posquirúrgicas. Método: Análisis retrospectivo de FI por abdomen hostil de 2000 a 2011 y su seguimiento a largo plazo. Comparamos el tiempo libre de oclusión quirúrgica antes y después de la FI. Resultados: Se incluyeron 20 FI en 19 pacientes. Predominaron las causas congénitas, la mediana de edad en la cirugía fue de 6 meses, todos tenían cirugías previas con mediana de tres, y dos de ellas fueron por oclusión intestinal previa. La férula se quitó a los 28 días (mediana). Con un seguimiento de 1-183 meses, hubo una recurrencia de oclusión quirúrgica. El tiempo libre de oclusión quirúrgica posferulización fue significativamente mayor que el preferulización mediante la prueba de Wilcoxon, con un valor Z = -3.594; p = el tiempo libre de oclusión quirúrgica.

Hematoma subdural agudo espontâneo e hemorragia intracerebral em paciente com microangiopatia trombótica gestacional

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Sâmia Yasin Wayhs

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Pré-eclâmpsia, síndrome HELLP (hemólise, elevação de enzimas hepáticas e plaquetopenia e fígado gorduroso agudo da gestação são as principais causas de microangiopatia trombótica e disfunção hepática grave durante a gestação, representando um spectrum do mesmo processo patológico. Relatou-se aqui o caso de uma gestante com 35 semanas internada em unidade de terapia intensiva no pós-operatório imediato de cesariana por morte fetal, com náuseas, vômitos e icterícia. Diagnosticaram-se pré-eclâmpsia pós-parto e fígado gorduroso agudo da gestação. Houve evolução tardia com hematoma subdural agudo e hemorragia intracerebral, sendo realizado tratamento neurocirúrgico. A paciente foi a óbito por anemia hemolítica refratária, com sangramento espontâneo em múltiplos órgãos. Pré-eclâmpsia, síndrome HELLP e fígado gorduroso agudo da gestação são processos patológicos que podem se sobrepor e se associar a complicações potencialmente fatais, como a hemorragia intracraniana aqui descrita. Sua detecção e diagnóstico precoces são fundamentais para a instituição de manejo adequado e sucesso do tratamento.

Obstructive acute abdomen: reviewing important points

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Francisco, Marina Celli; Abud, Thiago Giansante; Reibscheid, Samuel; Szejnfeld, Jacob; Lederman, Henrique Manoel; Colleone Neto, Ramiro

2008-01-01

The obstructive acute abdomen is a common presentation, for which safe and effective management depends on a fast and accurate diagnosis. Conventional radiograph remains the first choice among the imaging exams because of its availability, low cost and the possibility to be done serially to follow the patient's clinical progression. The ultrasonography does not require ionizing radiation. It is a dynamic and in realtime exam. Computed tomography is used increasingly due to the provision of essential diagnostic information not apparent from radiographs, such as the confirmation of the obstruction, degree and place of the occlusion, presence of ischemia as well as the causes of the obstruction. Magnetic resonance imaging has presented great technological advances and it may play a role in the future of obstructive acute abdomen diagnosis. The objective of this pictorial essay is to review the different imaging techniques used on diagnosing obstructive acute abdomen. (author)

Surgical evaluation of acute abdomen in pregnancy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovarova, P.

2013-01-01

Acute abdomen in pregnancy is a disease with a low incidence. The purpose of this work was therefore to create a review of current recommended practice in diagnostics and surgical solution. I also mention surgically relevant physiological and pathological changes specific to pregnancy, differential diagnostics of acute abdomen in pregnancy and impact of the disease and its treatment on the fetus. (author)

Abdomen X-Ray (Radiography)

Science.gov (United States)

... News Physician Resources Professions Site Index A-Z X-ray (Radiography) - Abdomen Abdominal x-ray uses a very small ... of an abdominal x-ray? What is abdominal x-ray? An x-ray (radiograph) is a noninvasive medical ...

Inestabilidad en múltiples placas ateroescleróticas en pacientes fallecidos por infarto agudo de miocardio

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Ricardo A. Sarmiento

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Los procesos inflamatorios en los síndromes coronarios agudos juegan un rol importante en la inestabilidad de la placa ateroesclerótica. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la presencia y distribución de placas vulnerables e infiltrados inflamatorios en pacientes fallecidos por infarto agudo de miocardio y su comparación con los hallazgos en pacientes fallecidos por cuadros no coronarios. Se analizaron los estudios anatomopatológicos de corazón de 68 pacientes fallecidos por infarto agudo de miocardio y 15 fallecidos por causa no coronaria. Se registró la presencia de trombo, hemorragia intraplaca, ruptura endotelial e infiltrado inflamatorio. Al evaluar los pacientes fallecidos por IAM, encontramos trombo en 73.5% de las arterias responsables del IAM y en 28.7% de las no responsables (p < 0.0001. La hemorragia intraplaca se halló en el 70.5% de las arterias responsables y en 39.7% de las no responsables, p < 0.0001; ruptura endotelial en el 29.4% de las arterias responsables y en 3.7% de las no responsables, p < 0.0001. No encontramos diferencias en la presencia de infiltrado inflamatorio (76.5% versus 68.4%. Comparando con los fallecidos por causas no coronarias, la presencia de trombo fue significativamente superior (73.5% vs. 13.3%; p < 0.0001, así como la de hemorragia intraplaca (70.5% vs. 0%; p < 0.0001 y de infiltrado inflamatorio en las placas ateroescleroticas (76.5% vs. 46.6%; p = 0.021. En los pacientes fallecidos por infarto agudo de miocardio se observa inestabilidad de placa y actividad inflamatoria, no sólo en la arteria responsable del infarto sino también en las arterias no responsables del infarto.

Estado Confusional Agudo nas Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos

OpenAIRE

Santos, L; Alcântara, J

1996-01-01

As alterações do comportamento frequentemente observadas em doentes internados nas unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI), podem ser adequadamente designadas, na maioria das vezes, por estado confusional agudo, o qual se caracteriza por: flutuação do estado de vigília, distúrbio do ciclo vigília-sono, défice de atenção e concentração, desorganização do pensamento, manifestado entre outras formas por discurso incoerente, distúrbios da percepção sob a forma de ilusões e/ou alucinações, desorient...

Actividad inflamatoria en múltiples placas ateroscleróticas en pacientes fallecidos por infarto agudo de miocardio

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Alejandro García Escudero

2009-01-01

Full Text Available IntroducciónEstudios clínicos y anatomopatológicos sugieren que los procesos inflamatorios tienen un papel importante en la inestabilidad de la placa aterosclerótica, dado que en pacientes con síndromes coronarios agudos se observan infiltrados inflamatorios difusos en las arterias coronarias.ObjetivosEvaluar y localizar la distribución de placas vulnerables e infiltrados inflamatorios en pacientes fallecidos por infarto agudo de miocardio.Material y métodosMediante microscopia óptica se estudiaron las arterias coronarias de 58 pacientes fallecidos por infarto de miocardio. En las arterias coronarias relacionadas con el infarto y en las no relacionadas se registraron las siguientes variables: presencia de trombo, rotura de placa, hemorragia intraplaca y presencia de infiltrado inflamatorio.ResultadosAl analizar las diferencias existentes entre las arterias responsables del infarto y en las no responsables se encontraron diferencias significativas con respecto a la presencia de trombo (69% versus 38%; p < 0,008 y de hemorragia intraplaca (69% versus 50%; p < 0,03. No se encontró una diferencia significativa entre la arteria responsable y la no responsable al evaluar la presencia de infiltrado inflamatorio en las placas ateroscleróticas (77% versus 71%; p = ns.ConclusiónEn el infarto agudo de miocardio se comprobó la presencia de actividad inflamatoria que afectaba a más de un vaso, con compromiso de otras arterias además de la responsable del infarto. Se detectó también accidente agudo de placa en más de una arteria coronaria.REV ARGENT CARDIOL 2009;77:81-87.

Non-traumatic causes and the management of the open abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Mentula, P

2011-04-01

The open abdomen is increasingly used for the treatment and prevention of abdominal compartment syndrome. The leading non-traumatic conditions that may cause abdominal compartment syndrome requiring surgical decompression include secondary peritonitis, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and severe acute pancreatitis. Patients may also end up with the open abdomen when the laparotomy wound cannot be closed without tension because of excessive visceral swelling. Also, surgical complications such as laparotomy wound dehiscence, may require temporary abdominal closure techniques. In critically ill surgical patients and in situations when second-look laparotomy is mandatory the open abdomen can be utilized in a preventive manner like in damage control trauma surgery. Underlying disease and the indication for the open abdomen significantly contributes to outcome of patient with open abdomen. Non-traumatic aetiology of the open abdomen is associated with lower likelihood of primary fascial closure and higher rate of open abdomen related complications compared with traumatic aetiology. A number of temporal abdominal closure techniques have been described. Ideally, temporal abdominal closure technique should prevent the development of recurrent abdominal compartment syndrome and facilitate later primary fascia closure with low complication rate. Although fascial closure rate varies between techniques, there are few evidence-based data to support one technique over another. However, recent evolution of temporary abdominal closure techniques have decreased the number of patients with frozen abdomen and reduced the need for planned hernia management. Highest fascial closure rates have been achieved with vacuum-assisted closure systems and systems that provide continuous fascial traction.

Rotura de la pared libre del ventrículo izquierdo secundaria a infarto agudo de miocardio

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Claudio Solís

2009-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMENAunque la terapia trombolítica y la angioplastia primaria han cambiado radicalmente elmanejo, la evolución y el pronóstico del infarto agudo de miocardio, la rotura de la paredlibre del ventrículo izquierdo todavía implica una tasa elevada de mortalidad.Si bien la mayoría de los pacientes con esta complicación presentan un cuadro agudo ycatastrófico, que se caracteriza por taponamiento cardíaco, disociación electromecánica ymuerte en pocos minutos, aproximadamente un tercio de ellos tienen una evolución subagudacon hipotensión sostenida y diversos grados de derrame pericárdico, lo que posibilita laimplementación de medidas terapéuticas necesarias como puente al tratamiento quirúrgicoresolutivo.En este trabajo se presenta una revisión actualizada de las características clínicas yecocardiográficas de los pacientes con rotura de la pared libre del ventrículo izquierdo asociadacon infarto agudo de miocardio, con el objetivo de destacar los puntos clave del diagnóstico e incrementar la sospecha clínica de una entidad grave, no siempre fatal.REV ARGENT CARDIOL 2009;77:395-404.

COMPARTIMENTAÇÃO DE UNIDADES GEOMORFOLÓGICAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE AGUDO-RS

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Gerson Jonas Schirmer

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um mapeamento geomorfológico do município de Agudo-RS, onde as unidades geomorfológicas representam a integração dos elementos físicos da área de estudo, frente aos processos envolvidos na organização da paisagem local. A metodologia é fundamentada nas contribuições da ciência geográfica, utilizando como ferramenta SIGs (Sistemas de Informação Geográfica.  Através de uma representação de síntese, foram definidos cinco unidades geomorfológicas, Rampas deColúvio-Aluvio do Rio Jacuí, Rampas de Colúvio-Alúvio de Arroios, Colinas Alúvio-Coluvionar, Colinas Vulcânicas do Planalto Serra Geral e Associação de Morros e Morrotes do Rebordo do Planalto, que caracterizam a paisagem do município de Agudo.

Intestinal tuberculosis presenting as acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, M.A.; Majeed, F.A.; Ahmed, M.; Khan, M.N.

2012-01-01

Objectives: To study the outcome of intestinal tuberculosis presenting as acute abdomen. Study design: Descriptive Study. Place and Duration: Bolan Medical Complex Hospital (BMC) Quetta and Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Quetta from Nov 2003 to Nov 2005 from Bolan Medical Complex and from Nov 2005 to Nov 2006 in CMH Quetta. Material and Method: Thirty seven patients of acute abdomen presenting with intestinal obstruction were admitted; 28 from emergency department and 9 from out patient department. Twenty seven patients were from BMC and 10 from CMH Quetta. Patients were diagnosed as having abdominal tuberculosis on the basis of operative findings and histopathological reports. Results: Out of 37 patients presenting with acute abdomen due to intestinal obstruction, 54% were male and 46% were female with M: F ratio of 1: 1.2. Age of the patient ranged from 20 to 50 years, with maximum frequency between 30 to 40 years. Abdominal pain was the commonest presenting feature in all patients followed by constipation in 81.1% patients. Peritonism was seen in 27% patients. Different operative procedures performed were adhesionolysis 65.8%, segmental resection 7.9%, right hemicolectomy 10.5%, stricturoplasty 7.9% and ileostomy 1.3%. Mesenteric lymph node biopsy 40.8%. Conclusion: Intestinal tuberculosis is still a very important surgical problem in our country presenting as acute abdomen. A suspicion must always be kept during laparotomy and adequate tissue histopathology should supplement the diagnosis. (author)

Validez y confiabilidad de un instrumento de satisfacción del usuario con síndrome febril agudo

OpenAIRE

Tiga-Loza, Diana C; Villar-Centeno, Luis á; Güiza-Sanabria, Diana R; Martínez-Vega, Ruth A

2010-01-01

Objetivo Determinar la validez y la confiabilidad de un instrumento de satisfacción del paciente con Síndrome Febril Agudo en urgencias y consulta oportuna de la Red Pública de Bucaramanga. Métodos Estudio de evaluación de tecnologías diagnósticas en personas con Síndrome Febril Agudo entre el 2008 y 2009. Se diseñó un cuestionario telefónico a partir de 3 instrumentos en español. Se evaluó validez de contenido mediante sometimiento a expertos y a profesionales de salud y validez facial en un...

Modelos de serviços hospitalares para casos agudos em idosos

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Coelho Filho João Macedo

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Embora a atenção ao idoso seja uma prioridade emergente no Brasil, pouca ênfase tem sido dada a modelos de organização de serviços hospitalares para pacientes geriátricos. São revisados modelos de serviços hospitalares para admissão e manuseio de casos agudos em idosos, com ênfase na discussão sobre o papel e o posicionamento da medicina geriátrica (incluindo sua interface com especialidades e com a clínica médica no âmbito da atenção hospitalar. Foi realizada pesquisa na base de dados Medline (1989-1999, bem como nos principais livros-texto de geriatria e de gerontologia, buscando identificar descrições de serviços hospitalares para cuidado agudo de pacientes idosos. As características dos modelos identificados foram compiladas e descritas à luz de sua adequação à realidade dos serviços de saúde no Brasil. Exemplos de intervenções em geriatria, com efetividade demonstrada através de revisões sistemáticas, foram também citadas. Os modelos mais freqüentemente relatados foram cuidado prolongado, tradicional, baseado na idade cronológica, não especializado e integrado. Adaptações e variantes de alguns desses modelos foram freqüentemente relatadas, assim como seu impacto potencial na efetividade do cuidado geriátrico. Evidências sobre o melhor modelo a seguir não foram identificadas, mas aqueles modelos favorecendo a integração da geriatria com a clínica geral pareceram mais adequados à nossa realidade. Ressalta a necessidade de reestruturação de serviços de saúde para responder às novas demandas que surgem com o envelhecimento da população, bem como do delineamento de serviços hospitalares para casos agudos, importantes para a efetividade do cuidado geriátrico e que devem ser objeto de maior debate e pesquisa no Brasil.

Electrical burns of the abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Srivastava, Rakesh Kumar; Kumar, Ritesh

2013-09-01

A 35-year-old male farmer came in contact with 11,000 volts high tension electric wire and sustained full thickness burn wounds over scapula, upper limb and anterior abdominal wall along with perforation of the intestine. Patient was initially managed conservatively in general surgery ward and was referred to us after 3 days with necrosis of the burned skin and muscles over the shoulder and abdomen. Patient was initially managed conservatively and then thorough debridement of the necrotic skin over the left shoulder and upper arm was done and the area was split skin grafted. Patient developed enterocutaneous fistula, which healed over a period of 8 weeks. The granulating wound over the abdomen was also skin grafted and patient was discharged after 18 days. About 4 months, after the discharge patient presented with ventral hernia. Repair of ventral hernia by synthetic mesh application and reconstruction of the abdominal wall with a free tensor fascia lata flap was done over the mesh, but the flap failed. Then after debridement two random pattern transposition skin flaps, one from the right upper and another from the left lower abdomen were transposed over the abdominal wound and donor area was skin grafted. Patient was discharged after 17 days.

Electrical burns of the abdomen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rakesh Kumar Srivastava

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A 35-year-old male farmer came in contact with 11,000 volts high tension electric wire and sustained full thickness burn wounds over scapula, upper limb and anterior abdominal wall along with perforation of the intestine. Patient was initially managed conservatively in general surgery ward and was referred to us after 3 days with necrosis of the burned skin and muscles over the shoulder and abdomen. Patient was initially managed conservatively and then thorough debridement of the necrotic skin over the left shoulder and upper arm was done and the area was split skin grafted. Patient developed enterocutaneous fistula, which healed over a period of 8 weeks. The granulating wound over the abdomen was also skin grafted and patient was discharged after 18 days. About 4 months, after the discharge patient presented with ventral hernia. Repair of ventral hernia by synthetic mesh application and reconstruction of the abdominal wall with a free tensor fascia lata flap was done over the mesh, but the flap failed. Then after debridement two random pattern transposition skin flaps, one from the right upper and another from the left lower abdomen were transposed over the abdominal wound and donor area was skin grafted. Patient was discharged after 17 days.

Portable abdomen radiography. Moving to thickness-based protocols

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez, Adrian A.; Reiser, Ingrid; Baxter, Tina; Zhang, Yue; Finkle, Joshua H.; Lu, Zheng Feng; Feinstein, Kate A.

2018-01-01

Default pediatric protocols on many digital radiography systems are configured based on patient age. However, age does not adequately characterize patient size, which is the principal determinant of proper imaging technique. Use of default pediatric protocols by inexperienced technologists can result in patient overexposure, inadequate image quality, or repeated examinations. To ensure diagnostic image quality at a well-managed patient radiation exposure by transitioning to thickness-based protocols for pediatric portable abdomen radiography. We aggregated patient thickness data, milliamperes (mAs), kilovoltage peak (kVp), exposure index (EI), source-to-detector distance, and grid use for all portable abdomen radiographs performed in our pediatric hospital in a database with a combination of automated and manual data collection techniques. We then analyzed the database and used it as the basis to construct thickness-based protocols with consistent image quality across varying patient thicknesses, as determined by the EI. Retrospective analysis of pediatric portable exams performed at our adult-focused hospitals demonstrated substantial variability in EI relative to our pediatric hospital. Data collection at our pediatric hospital over 4 months accumulated roughly 800 portable abdomen exams, which we used to develop a thickness-based technique chart. Through automated retrieval of data in our systems' digital radiography exposure logs and recording of patient abdomen thickness, we successfully developed thickness-based techniques for portable abdomen radiography. (orig.)

Portable abdomen radiography. Moving to thickness-based protocols

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanchez, Adrian A.; Reiser, Ingrid; Baxter, Tina; Zhang, Yue; Finkle, Joshua H.; Lu, Zheng Feng; Feinstein, Kate A. [University of Chicago Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Chicago, IL (United States)

2018-02-15

Default pediatric protocols on many digital radiography systems are configured based on patient age. However, age does not adequately characterize patient size, which is the principal determinant of proper imaging technique. Use of default pediatric protocols by inexperienced technologists can result in patient overexposure, inadequate image quality, or repeated examinations. To ensure diagnostic image quality at a well-managed patient radiation exposure by transitioning to thickness-based protocols for pediatric portable abdomen radiography. We aggregated patient thickness data, milliamperes (mAs), kilovoltage peak (kVp), exposure index (EI), source-to-detector distance, and grid use for all portable abdomen radiographs performed in our pediatric hospital in a database with a combination of automated and manual data collection techniques. We then analyzed the database and used it as the basis to construct thickness-based protocols with consistent image quality across varying patient thicknesses, as determined by the EI. Retrospective analysis of pediatric portable exams performed at our adult-focused hospitals demonstrated substantial variability in EI relative to our pediatric hospital. Data collection at our pediatric hospital over 4 months accumulated roughly 800 portable abdomen exams, which we used to develop a thickness-based technique chart. Through automated retrieval of data in our systems' digital radiography exposure logs and recording of patient abdomen thickness, we successfully developed thickness-based techniques for portable abdomen radiography. (orig.)

Características clínicas y diagnósticas en infarto renal agudo en una serie clínica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Juan Alberto Fierro, Dr.

2010-07-01

Full Text Available El infarto renal agudo constituye un diagnóstico infrecuente. Ello puede deberse a que sus síntomas son similares a los de los cálculos renales o la pielonefritis aguda. Por esa razón, el síntoma cardinal de dolor de flanco debe ser investigado en forma muy acabada. Esta serie clínica revisa seis casos de infarto renal agudo vistos en esta institución durante el año 2007.

Emergency management of acute abdomen in children.

Science.gov (United States)

Balachandran, Binesh; Singhi, Sunit; Lal, Sadhna

2013-03-01

Acute abdomen can be defined as a medical emergency in which there is sudden and severe pain in abdomen with accompanying signs and symptoms that focus on an abdominal involvement. It accounts for about 8 % of all children attending the emergency department. The goal of emergency management is to identify and treat any life-threatening medical or surgical disease condition and relief from pain. In mild cases often the cause is gastritis or gastroenteritis, colic, constipation, pharyngo-tonsilitis, viral syndromes or acute febrile illnesses. The common surgical causes are malrotation and Volvulus (in early infancy), intussusception, acute appendicitis, and typhoid and ischemic enteritis with perforation. Lower lobe pneumonia, diabetic ketoacidosis and acute porphyria should be considered in patients with moderate-severe pain with little localizing findings in abdomen. The approach to management in ED should include, in order of priority, a rapid cardiopulmonary assessment to ensure hemodynamic stability, focused history and examination, surgical consult and radiologic examination to exclude life threatening surgical conditions, pain relief and specific diagnosis. In a sick patient the initial steps include rapid IV access and normal saline 20 ml/kg (in the presence of shock/hypovolemia), adequate analgesia, nothing per oral/IV fluids, Ryle's tube aspiration and surgical consultation. An ultrasound abdomen is the first investigation in almost all cases with moderate and severe pain with localizing abdominal findings. In patients with significant abdominal trauma or features of pancreatitis, a Contrast enhanced computerized tomography (CECT) abdomen will be a better initial modality. Continuous monitoring and repeated physical examinations should be done in all cases. Specific management varies according to the specific etiology.

Vacuum-assisted closure of the open abdomen in a resource-limited ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Vacuum-assisted closure of the open abdomen in a resource-limited setting. ... Massive delays in presentation of patients with acute abdomen are common. Closure at initial laparotomy is not possible in many cases ... with an open abdomen. The management of these patients is particularly labour intensive for nursing staff.

Presencia y severidad de calcio coronario: su relación con la aparición de eventos coronarios agudos

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Lázaro E. de la Cruz Avilés

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: la detección de calcio en las arterias coronarias confirma la presencia de aterosclerosis y ha demostrado ser una herramienta útil para estratificar el riesgo cardiovascular. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la presencia y severidad de calcio coronario con la aparición de eventos coronarios agudos. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo, tipo serie de casos, en el Hospital Universitario Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima de Cienfuegos, entre enero y diciembre de 2008. La serie estuvo conformada por 137 pacientes, en los que se estudió: sexo, antecedentes patológicos personales, cifras de glucemia en ayunas, creatinina, colesterol total y triglicéridos. Los pacientes fueron seguidos durante dos años para evaluar la aparición de eventos coronarios agudos. Resultados: La edad media fue de 53,2±7,4 años, con predominio del sexo masculino (52,5 %. El mayor porciento de pacientes clasificados como de alto riesgo, según la cuantificación del calcio coronario (16,8 % perteneció al sexo masculino, predominando en los mayores de 70 años. La diabetes se relacionó de forma significativa con la severidad del puntaje de calcio. El infarto agudo del miocardio fue más frecuente en pacientes con puntaje de calcio mayor de 400 unidades Agatston. Conclusiones: la aparición de eventos coronarios agudos fue más frecuente en los pacientes de alto riesgo según cuantificación del calcio coronario.

49 CFR 572.75 - Lumbar spine, abdomen, and pelvis assembly and test procedure.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

...) ANTHROPOMORPHIC TEST DEVICES 6-Year-Old Child § 572.75 Lumbar spine, abdomen, and pelvis assembly and test procedure. (a) Lumbar spine, abdomen, and pelvis assembly. The lumbar spine, abdomen, and pelvis consist of... 49 Transportation 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Lumbar spine, abdomen, and pelvis assembly and...

O que todo intensivista deve saber a respeito da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo e dano alveolar difuso?

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Fernando Rios

2017-09-01

Full Text Available RESUMO A síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo é um desafio para o intensivista. A característica principal desta doença aguda é o dano alveolar difuso, presente em cerca de metade dos pacientes com a síndrome. É claro que o suporte respiratório à síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo tem melhorado gradualmente nas últimas décadas. É também evidente que todos estes procedimentos são benéficos, já que reduzem a lesão pulmonar e mantêm o paciente vivo. Isto deve ser interpretado como uma estratégia de ganho de tempo, até que o fator desencadeante ou de risco causal melhore, assim como a tempestade inflamatória diminua e o pulmão se cure. Por outro lado, todos - exceto dois tratamentos farmacológicos (bloqueadores neuromusculares e esteroides - são incapazes de melhorar o desfecho da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. A hipótese de que os resultados farmacológicos negativos podem ser explicados pela heterogeneidade histológica da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo tem sido apoiada pelas recentes demonstrações de que a síndrome com dano alveolar difuso tem característica clínico-patológica específica. O dano alveolar difuso é um diagnóstico patológico, e a biópsia pulmonar a céu aberto (a técnica mais comum para obtenção de tecido pulmonar tem efeitos colaterais graves, sendo necessário que se desenvolvam biomarcadores substitutos para o dano alveolar difuso. O objetivo desta revisão é discutir três tópicos relacionados à síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo: o relacionamento entre a síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo e o dano alveolar difuso; como o dano alveolar difuso pode ser representado no quadro clínico; e como o enriquecimento pode melhorar os resultados de estudos clínicos farmacológicos realizados com pacientes com a síndrome e com dano alveolar difuso.

Doença periodontal e infarto agudo do miocardio

OpenAIRE

Coelho, Julita Maria Freitas

2010-01-01

p. 1-98 Dados epidemiológicos, experimentais e clínicos têm sugerido que a doença periodontal, especialmente a periodontite crônica, pode constituir um fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares isquêmicas. A proposta deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre a doença periodontal e o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) em indivíduos adultos. Uma revisão de literatura de estudos de caso-controle que estudaram essa associação foi sumarizada em uma meta-análise que demonstrou uma chance e...

Efeitos agudos da corrente interferencial ganglionar em mulheres sadias

OpenAIRE

Nakata, Cláudio Hiroshi

2014-01-01

OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos agudos da corrente interferencial ganglionar em mulheres sadias. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo do tipo experimental aleatorizado e transversal. Vinte e uma mulheres militares do Exército Brasileiro divididas em dois grupos, conforme IPAQ, em ativas (média de idade de 32,80 ± 3,011 anos, massa 56,50 ± 5,523 Kg, estatura de 164,30 ± 6,993 cm e IMC de 20,90 ± 1,729 kg/m2 e 80% com conceito excelente no teste de aptidão física) e irregularmente ativas (média de idade d...

Unusual causes of acute abdomen in a Nigerian hospital ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Acute abdomen is the most common abdominal emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality in General surgical practice. Over a 7-year period, a study of unusual causes of acute abdomen was undertaken, with the aim of identifying these causes and outcome of operative management. Eleven cases were ...

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever presenting as Acute Abdomen

OpenAIRE

Al-Araimi, Hanaa; Al-Jabri, Amal; Mehmoud, Arshad; Al-Abri, Seif

2011-01-01

We describe a case of a 38 year-old Sri Lankan female who was referred to the surgeon on call with a picture of acute abdomen. She presented with a three-day history of fever, headache, abdominal pain and diarrhoea; however, the physical examination was not consistent with acute abdomen. Her platelet count was 22 ×109/L. A diagnosis of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) was made and dengue serology was positive. Dengue epidemics have been associated with a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms an...

Estrés agudo en niños intervenidos quirúrgcamente y sintomatología en sus progenitores

OpenAIRE

Fuster Navarro, Desamparados

2013-01-01

La intervención quirúrgica (IQ) en la infancia representa un estrés potencial para el niño y sus familiares. La ansiedad es una de las reacciones más frecuentes. Respecto al estrés, existe una transmisión de emociones entre los progenitores y el niño IQ (intervenido quirúrgicamente). Es difícil separar los efectos de la hospitalización y sus consecuencias de las experiencias traumáticas de los niños IQ y su familia por lo que el estrés se ha investigado en relación al desarrollo psicosocial ...

Troponina T vs Troponina I como Valor Predictivo para Síndrome Coronario Agudo en menores de 80 Años

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PE Pla Cala

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Resumen – Actualmente en la injuria miocárdica, ha tenido gran relevancia clínica la utilidad de las troponinas como método diagnóstico, repercutiendo en el manejo del síndrome coronario agudo. Objetivo: Analizar la importancia de los biomarcadores troponina T e I y otros elementos adyuvantes que cumplen un papel trascendental como es el electrocardiograma y los diferentes métodos invasivos, el cual brinda una orientación para la concepción de un diagnóstico oportuno que permita tomar las acciones pertinentes en un paciente con síndrome coronario agudo. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo comparativo en 35 pacientes, adultos mayores de 21 años y menores 80 años, que se encontraban hospitalizados en la Empresa Social del Estado Centro de Atención y Rehabilitación Integral - E.S.E CARI de Alta complejidad, en el periodo comprendido entre el año 2012 a 2014. Resultados: Los pacientes presentaron síndrome coronario agudo (infarto agudo de miocardio con o sin elevación del ST, con factores de riesgo cardiovascular tales como: sedentarismo, tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial, diabetes, valvulopatías, dislipidemia y antecedentes de cardiopatía isquémica. El punto a analizar fue la elevación de los biomarcadores troponina T y troponina I en un periodo menor y mayor a 3 horas, desde el inicio de los síntomas (dolor torácico, criodiaforesis, disnea hasta el ingreso a la institución hospitalaria. Se compararon los resultados obtenidos de cada uno de estos biomarcadores en el diagnóstico precoz y oportuno del síndrome coronario agudo. De las muestra analizada (n=35 pacientes se obtuvo que la troponina T< 3 horas se elevó un 76.4% en rangos de edad entre los 60-80 años en contraste con troponina I < 3 horas en ese mismo grupo etario que fue de 70.5%. Conclusiones: se evidenció que ambos biomarcadores son equiparables con una ligera ventaja de la troponina T con respecto a la I.

Perfil etiológico del síndrome febril icterohemorrágico agudo y síndrome febril ictérico agudo en los valles del Apurímac, Quillabamba, Chanchamayo y Alto Huallaga, Perú, 1999-2000.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

2003-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Conocer el perfil etiológico del síndrome febril hemorrágico agudo (SFHA y del síndrome febril ictérico agudo (SFIA en los valles del Río Apurímac (Ayacucho, Quillabamba (Cusco, Chanchamayo (Junín y Alto Huallaga (Huánuco. Materiales y métodos: Estudio longitudinal descriptivo realizado entre junio de 1999 y mayo de 2000, en 146 establecimientos de salud de los cuatro valles involucrados. Fueron incluidos pacientes que cumplieron con las definiciones de caso para la vigilancia del síndrome febril hemorrágico agudo y el síndrome febril ictérico agudo. Las muestras obtenidas se procesaron por ELISA IgM de captura para fiebre amarilla; IgM anti-HBc ELISA y HBsAg ELISA para hepatitis B; Ig anti-VHD ELISA para hepatitis D; e IgM ELISA para leptospirosis. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 63 casos: 98,4% con SFIA y 1,6% con SFHA. La letalidad fue de 16% y el tiempo entre inicio de síntomas y la obtención de la muestra de 7,2 ±5,1 días. Los casos que tuvieron confirmación diagnóstica fueron 31 (49,2%, hepatitis B (23,8%, hepatitis D (15,6%, fiebre amarilla (4,8% y leptospirosis (4,8%. Cusco tuvo el mayor porcentaje de casos confirmados por laboratorio, siendo la mayoría hepatitis B y D. Conclusiones: El estudio de la etiología de SFIA y SFHA ha permitido identificar tres brotes de fiebre amarilla en Cusco, Junín y Huánuco, y conocer la importancia de la hepatitis B, D y leptospirosis en el diagnóstico diferencial de estos síndromes. Si bien las definiciones usadas apuntan a detectar enfermedades severas, la vigilancia de ambos síndromes es complementaria y totalmente compatible con los sistemas de enfermedad específica y por el laboratorio.

Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in the abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Collaku, A.

2013-01-01

Full text: Introduction: The use of diffusion weighted images when performing abdomen MRI has been increased during the last years; achieving high quality images for a short period of time remains still a challenge. Learning points: We present a literature review together with our experience in optimizing the DW imaging in the abdomen, focused on creating high density ADC maps and handling the uncooperative patients. Discussion: The factors that influence the image quality are discussed as well. Conclusion: The factors that influence the image quality are discussed as well

Sistema informático para la gestión de la información hospitalaria del infarto agudo de miocardio (RHIMA)

OpenAIRE

Yanier Coll Muñoz; Francisco Valladares Carvajal; Jorge L. Fernández Curbelo; Ing. Luis E. Fernández Curbelo

2015-01-01

Introducción: La difícil recopilación de información sobre la prevalencia y desarrollo del infarto agudo de miocardio imposibilita medir la calidad del tratamiento durante la evolución de la enfermedad en un determinado grupo de pacientes.Objetivo: Desarrollar un sistema informático que permita la gestión de la información hospitalaria del infarto agudo de miocardio en el Servicio de Cardiología.Método: Se identificaron las variables necesarias para la confección del registro, divididas por b...

Surgical Tips in Frozen Abdomen Management: Application of Coliseum Technique.

Science.gov (United States)

Kyriazanos, Ioannis D; Manatakis, Dimitrios K; Stamos, Nikolaos; Stoidis, Christos

2015-01-01

Wound dehiscence is a serious postoperative complication, with an incidence of 0.5-3% after primary closure of a laparotomy incision, and represents an acute mechanical failure of wound healing. Relatively recently the concept of "intentional open abdomen" was described and both clinical entities share common pathophysiological and clinical pathways ("postoperative open abdominal wall"). Although early reconstruction is the target, a significant proportion of patients will develop adhesions between abdominal viscera and the anterolateral abdominal wall, a condition widely recognized as "frozen abdomen," where delayed wound closure appears as the only realistic alternative. We report our experience with a patient who presented with frozen abdomen after wound dehiscence due to surgical site infection and application of the "Coliseum technique" for its definitive surgical management. This novel technique represents an innovative alternative to abdominal exploration, for cases of "malignant" frozen abdomen due to peritoneal carcinomatosis. Lifting the edges of the surgical wound upwards and suspending them under traction by threads from a retractor positioned above the abdomen facilitates approach to the peritoneal cavity, optimizes exposure of intra-abdominal organs, and prevents operative injury to the innervation and blood supply of abdominal wall musculature, a crucial step for subsequent hernia repair.

Agentes trombolíticos en el infarto agudo del miocardio

OpenAIRE

Manuel Cué Brugueras

1995-01-01

Se presenta un revisión bibliográfica sobre los agentes trombolíticos y su uso en el infarto agudo del miocardio con el objetivo de actualizar a los farmacéuticos y otros profesionales de la salud en la terapéutica de este importante problema de salud a nivel internacional. Se revisaron las bases de datos MEDLINE (1985-9/1994), Excerpta Medica (1985-1993), Internacional Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-9/1993) y Predicast (1992-11/1993). En la revisión se abordan los beneficios y riesgos de la ...

Manifestaciones clínicas inusuales del dengue hemorrágico en niños.

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Angela Méndez

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Recientemente han venido aumentando los reportes de dengue hemorrágico con manifestaciones inusuales, principalmente neurológicas y hepáticas, que aumentan la morbimortalidad. Objetivo. Describir las manifestaciones inusuales del dengue hemorrágico en niños. Materiales y métodos. En el Departamento de Pediatría del Hospital Universitario de Santander en Bucaramanga, Colombia, de 913 pacientes con diagnóstico de dengue hemorrágico entre 1992 y 2004, se seleccionaron aquéllos que presentaron manifestaciones inusuales. Se clasificaron de acuerdo con los criterios de definición de caso, se agruparon según los órganos o sistemas principalmente comprometidos y se describieron los principales hallazgos clínicos, de laboratorio y relativos a la evolución. Resultados. Se encontraron 168 pacientes que presentaron manifestaciones inusuales, con predominio del sexo masculino, edad escolar y grados III y IV de dengue hemorrágico. Las manifestaciones más frecuentes fueron hepáticas, 53 (27%, y neurológicas, 49 (25%, además de renales, 14 (7%; cardíacas, 15 (8%; pulmonares, 18 (9%; colecistitis alitiásica, 18 (9%; síndrome hemofagocítico, 5 (2,5%; pancreatitis, 2 (1%, y 21 casos de abdomen agudo (11%. Fallecieron 10 pacientes. Conclusión. Se analizan los resultados y se comparan con otros de países endemoepidémicos de dengue; se discute el significado e importancia de las manifestaciones clínicas inusuales, su difícil diagnóstico, casi siempre en forma retrospectiva, y se destaca la frecuencia de las manifestaciones hepáticas y neurológicas que pueden aumentar la morbimortalidad, ante las cuales deben estar alertas los médicos que trabajan en zonas endémicas para reconocerlas.

Radiological diagnostics of abdomen and thorax. Image interpretation considering anatomical landmarks and clinical symptoms; Radiologische Diagnostik Abdomen und Thorax. Bildinterpretation unter Beruecksichtigung anatomischer Landmarken und klinischer Symptome

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krombach, Gabriele A. [Universitaetsklinikum Giessen (Germany). Klinik fuer Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie; Mahnken, Andreas H. (ed.) [Universitaetsklinikum Marburg (Germany). Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie

2015-07-01

The book on radiological diagnostics of abdomen and thorax - image interpretation considering anatomical landmarks and clinical symptoms - includes three chapters: (1) imaging of different parts of the body: thorax and abdomen. (II) Thorax: head and neck; mediastinum; heard and pericardium; large vessels; lungs and pleura; mamma. (III) Abdomen: liver; gall bladder and biliary tract; pancreas; gastrointestinal tract; spleen and lymphatic system; adrenal glands; kidneys and urinary tract; female pelvis; male pelvis.

Usefulness of CT in the diagnosis and management of acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suzuki, Takuya; Matsumoto, Junichi; Funakubo, Masakatsu; Yamashita, Hirotaka; Ehara, Norishige; Minowa, Yoshiyuki; Nakajima, Yasuo

2010-01-01

We prospectively evaluated the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis and management of acute abdomen. Ninety-four patients with acute abdomen were enrolled. We compared the final diagnosis and management CT diagnosis and management. Then, we evaluated how many of the CT examinations were useful and the degree to which they were useful. In more than 90% of cases, CT was very useful for the diagnosis and management of acute abdomen. (author)

Intussusceptions as acute abdomen caused by Burkitt lymphoma: a case report

OpenAIRE

Hoxha, Faton T; Hashani, Shemsedin I; Krasniqi, Avdyl S; Kurshumliu, Fisnik I; Komoni, Driton S; Hasimja, Shpresa M; Maxhuni, Mehmet

2009-01-01

Introduction Burkitt's lymphoma is a highly malignant, aggressive and rapidly growing B-cell neoplasm, which has low long-term survival rates. The abdomen is the most frequent onset site of non endemic Burkitt's lymphoma. Symptoms are often misleading and make diagnosis difficult. Ileum intussusception as acute abdomen caused by Burkitt lymphoma is rare. Case presentation We are presenting a case of a 16 year-old male with acute abdomen, which three weeks prior initially has been surgically t...

Torsion of a Wandering Spleen Presenting as Acute Abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chauhan, Narvir Singh; Kumar, Satish

2016-01-01

Wandering spleen is a rare condition which if uncorrected, can result in torsion and infarction. Clinical presentation of a wandering spleen can vary from asymptomatic abdominal mass to acute abdominal pain. Radiological investigations play a pivotal role in diagnosis as the clinical diagnosis is usually impossible. We present a case of wandering spleen with torsion and complete infarction that occurred in a 32-year-old multiparous female. The diagnosis was established preoperatively on colour Doppler and CT of the abdomen with subsequent confirmation on surgery. Wandering spleen is a rare clinical condition which can present as acute abdomen. An increased awareness of this entity together with the timely use of ultrasound and CT of the abdomen can play an important role in preoperative diagnosis and surgical management

Non Obstetric Acute Abdomen in Pregnancy – An Experience from Kashmir

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ajaz Ahmad Rather

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Objectives: The objective of this study was to study the profile of pregnant patients who were managed by general surgical unit of a referral hospital in Kashmir valley for non obstetric causes of acute abdomen over a period of seven years. Methods: The study was done retrospectively after acquiring data from databank related to pregnant patients managed for acute abdomen over a period of seven years (from January 2006 to December 2012 in the general surgical department of the medical college of SK Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir. Results: 49 non obstetric acute abdomen were managed in pregnant females over a period of seven years. 23 (46.9% patients reported with a delay of more than 12 hours and 34 (69.4% cases underwent surgical interventions. Appendicitis was the commonest cause of acute abdomen and Ultrasonography was the only imaging modality utilized. Only 3 cases had preterm labor. Conclusions: Acute abdomen in pregnant females should be assessed with high level of suspicion .Delay in presentation and intervention leads to adverse outcomes.

El infarto agudo de miocardio, un problema de salud pública

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Alberto Caccavo

2010-01-01

RESUMENEl infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) es una causa importante de muerte en la Argentina. Lamortalidad intrahospitalaria del IAM en la actualidad es de aproximadamente el 10%, almenos en los centros que participan en registros.Su tratamiento está orientado a la reperfusión de la arteria ocluida con angioplastia primariao trombolíticos. Sin embargo, sólo un pequeño número de hospitales disponen deangioplastia primaria y reciben trombolíticos muchos menos pacientes que los que los requieren...

A CLINICAL STUDY ON BLUNT INJURY ABDOMEN

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G. Kishore Babu

2016-10-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Abdominal trauma continues to account for a large number of trauma-related injuries and deaths. Motor vehicle accidents and urban violence, respectively, are the leading causes of blunt and penetrating trauma to this area of the body. Unnecessary deaths and complications can be minimized by improved resuscitation, evaluation and treatment. The new techniques and diagnostic tools available are important in the management of abdominal trauma. These improved methods, however, still depend on experience and clinical judgment for application and determination of the best care for the injured patient. The aim of the study is to 1. Analyse the incidence, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, indications for laparotomy, therapeutic methods and morbidity & mortality rates. 2. To study nature of blunt abdominal trauma. 3. To assess patient for surgical intervention and to avoid negative laparotomy. 4. To assess morbidity rate in different organs injury. 5. To evaluate modalities of treatment, complications and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is a prospective study on 97 patients with Blunt injuries to the abdomen admitted in S.V.R.R.G.G. Hospital, Tirupati during October 2013-15. Inclusion Criteria Patients > 13 years, with Blunt injury to abdomen either by RTA, fall, object contact, assault giving written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria Patients <13 yrs. Blunt injuries due to blasts, patients with severe cardiothoracic and head injuries who are hemodynamically unstable. CONCLUSION Blunt Trauma to abdomen is on rise due to excessive use of motor vehicles. It poses a therapeutic and diagnostic dilemma for the attending surgeon due to wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from no early physical findings to progression to shock. So, the Trauma surgeon should rely on his physical findings in association with use of modalities like x-ray abdomen, USG abdomen and abdominal paracentesis. Hollow viscus perforations are

Differential diagnosis of the acute abdomen. Pt. 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wiesner, Walter; Kirchhoff, Timm D.; Opherk, Jan Patrick

2009-01-01

The imaging of the acute abdomen has undergone fundamental changes in the recent past. The diagnostic strategy requires an up-date since ultrasound and computed-tomography have replaced classic radiography in cases of acute lower abdominal pain as well. The present contribution is the second of four reviews on this issue and focuses on the acute lower quadrant pain while part three will depict diffuse acute abdominal pain and, finally, the diagnostic strategy of the acute abdomen in childhood will be described in part four. (orig.)

Abdominal compartment syndrome and open abdomen management with negative pressure devices.

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Surace, Alessandra; Ferrarese, Alessia; Marola, Silvia; Cumbo, Jacopo; Valentina, Gentile; Borello, Alessandro; Solej, Mario; Martino, Valter; Nano, Mario

2015-01-01

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is defined as an increase of intra-abdominal pressure (IAH) to values higher than 20 mmHg, associated with reduced perfusion and organ dysfunction. There is a classification of open abdomen which stratifies patients according to the natural history of improvement or clinical deterioration. The aim of treatment is to maintain the open abdomen at the lowest level and to prevent progression to a more complex level. Surgical treatment essentially consists in abdominal decompression by leaving the abdomen open. Analysis of the literature shows that negative pressure increases the rate of primary fascial closure; entero-cutaneous fistulas are seen in a minority of cases, without seeming consequence of the application of the dressing. Open abdomen management consists of three treatment stages: acute (24-48 hours), intermediate (from 48 hours to 10 days) and late or reconstruction (from 10 days to the final closure). It's important to recognize patients at risk of IAH and the first signs of ACS and intervene early with abdominal decompression if this will establish itself. Management of the open abdomen is now facilitated by negative pressure devices, which positively affect the morbidity and mortality of patients with ACS.

Perforated duodenal ulcer -a rare cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy.

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Goel, Bharti; Rani, Jyotsna; Huria, Anju; Gupta, Pratiksha; Dalal, Usha

2014-09-01

Acute abdomen during pregnancy is a medico-surgical emergency demanding concerted, synchronized specialties approach of obstetrician, surgeon and gastroenterologist. Duodenal perforation is one of the rarer causes of acute abdomen in pregnancy. Here, we report a case of duodenal perforation with peritonitis in third trimester of pregnancy requiring surgical management. Our aim of reporting this case is to stress the physicians to keep the differential of duodenal perforation also in mind while dealing with cases of acute abdomen in pregnancy and to proceed with multidisciplinary approach for better feto-maternal outcome.

El infarto agudo de miocardio, un problema de salud pública

OpenAIRE

Caccavo, Alberto

2010-01-01

El infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) es una causa importante de muerte en la Argentina. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria del IAM en la actualidad es de aproximadamente el 10%, al menos en los centros que participan en registros. Su tratamiento está orientado a la reperfusión de la arteria ocluida con angioplastia primaria o trombolíticos. Sin embargo, sólo un pequeño número de hospitales disponen de angioplastia primaria y reciben trombolíticos muchos menos pacientes que los que los requieren. ...

Occurrence of uranium in the itabiritic iron ore of Morro Agudo on the NE border of the iron Quadrangle/Minas Gerais, Brasilien

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guba, I.

1982-01-01

The precambrian itabirites and hematite ores of the Morro Agudo iron ore mine on the NE border of the Quadrilatero Ferrifero in Minas Gerais/Brazil contain uranium-bearing minerals and rare-earth elements. In association with phosphates they occupy planes of joints, fractures and cleavage in the area of amphibolitic schist which is intercalated in the s 1 -planes of the itabirites and hematite ores. Preliminary analyses of the uranium-bearing minerals were made by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and electron microscopy. The results are presented in connection with the lithologic and tectonic features of the Morro Agudo mine. (orig.) [de

Hiperglucemia en el síndrome coronario agudo: informe científico multidisciplinario

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Patricia Blanco

2012-04-01

Full Text Available La hiperglucemia con o sin diabetes preexistente es un hallazgo frecuente en pacientes que cursan un síndrome coronario agudo. Estudios previos han demostrado que la hiperglucemia es altamente prevalente y se asocia a un mayor riesgo de muerte y complicaciones hospitalarias. Los mecanismos fisiopatológicos mediante los cuales la hiperglucemia provoca resultados adversos no son claros, y se desconoce si es un marcador de eventos o su causa. Los efectos perjudiciales de la hiperglucemia en el sistema cardiovascular son múltiples, y el control de los niveles de glucosa con insulina parece mejorar el pronóstico en estos pacientes. Se han desarrollado numerosos protocolos para el control de glucemia que demostraron ser seguros y efectivos. En una iniciativa originada en el Consejo de Emergencias de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología, se convocó a expertos de nuestro medio con el propósito de debatir estrategias para el control de la glucemia en pacientes que cursan un síndrome coronario agudo. Este documento refleja lo discutido en este evento académico con la intención de resumir los principales aspectos del control de la glucemia y ofrecer recomendaciones generales de tratamiento en la Unidad Coronaria.

MRI of the abdomen – how we do it?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zlatanov, Y.; Penkov, M.

2013-01-01

Full text: Introduction: Currently MR tomography in comparison with multidetector CT plays a subordinate role in the diagnostic and imaging algorithm in the study of abdomen organs. However, technical innovation occurring in magnetic resonance imaging, allow us to obtain images with high resolution at an acceptable duration of the study. Moreover assessment of the condition of the biliary system can be optimized through the use of MR cysto- pancreatography that allows non-invasive assessment of pancreatic biliary system, and the use of MR angiography, which visualized in the abdominal vessels. What you will learn: methods for approach to patient for abdominal examination; the advantages and disadvantages of different MR sequences in imaging of organs and structures in the abdomen; the advantages and disadvantages of different types MR cysto- pancreatography for the purpose of magnetic resonance tomography in patients with diseases in the abdomen. Discussion: MR is used for diseases of the organs in the abdomen especially for diagnosis and staging of neoplastic processes, to differentiate between tumors and inflammatory processes, and in the characterization of the cystic lesion. MRI scan has three main tasks in the assessment of the conditions of the organs in the abdomen: should provide a definitive diagnosis in patients with inconclusive data on abdominal ultrasound or CT scan for any pathological process , must allow proper staging of malignancies in order to preoperative assessment of the state of patient and sometimes non-resectability of the tumor formations due to their advancing, should characterize cystic lesions whose frequency increases in the conduct of routine or diagnostic CT studies. Conclusion: As a result of rapid technological progress current protocols for MR examinations of the abdomen are very different from those used 10 years ago. Most sequences can be performed during one or more breath-hold cycle and 3D sequences with thin consecutive

Analysis of the computed tomography in the acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hochhegger, Bruno; Moraes, Everton; Haygert, Carlos Jesus Pereira; Antunes, Paulo Sergio Pase; Gazzoni, Fernando; Lopes, Luis Felipe Dias

2007-01-01

Introduction: This study tends to test the capacity of the computed tomography in assist in the diagnosis and the approach of the acute abdomen. Material and method: This is a longitudinal and prospective study, in which were analyzed the patients with the diagnosis of acute abdomen. There were obtained 105 cases of acute abdomen and after the application of the exclusions criteria were included 28 patients in the study. Results: Computed tomography changed the diagnostic hypothesis of the physicians in 50% of the cases (p 0.05), where 78.57% of the patients had surgical indication before computed tomography and 67.86% after computed tomography (p = 0.0546). The index of accurate diagnosis of computed tomography, when compared to the anatomopathologic examination and the final diagnosis, was observed in 82.14% of the cases (p = 0.013). When the analysis was done dividing the patients in surgical and nonsurgical group, were obtained an accuracy of 89.28% (p 0.0001). The difference of 7.2 days of hospitalization (p = 0.003) was obtained compared with the mean of the acute abdomen without use the computed tomography. Conclusion: The computed tomography is correlative with the anatomopathology and has great accuracy in the surgical indication, associated with the capacity of increase the confident index of the physicians, reduces the hospitalization time, reduces the number of surgeries and is cost-effective. (author)

Multi-detector computed tomography of acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leschka, Sebastian; Alkadhi, Hatem; Wildermuth, Simon; Marincek, Borut; University Hospital of Zurich

2005-01-01

Acute abdominal pain is one of the most common causes for referrals to the emergency department. The sudden onset of severe abdominal pain characterising the ''acute abdomen'' requires rapid and accurate identification of a potentially life-threatening abdominal pathology to provide a timely referral to the appropriate physician. While the physical examination and laboratory investigations are often non-specific, computed tomography (CT) has evolved as the first-line imaging modality in patients with an acute abdomen. Because the new multi-detector CT (MDCT) scanner generations provide increased speed, greater volume coverage and thinner slices, the acceptance of CT for abdominal imaging has increased rapidly. The goal of this article is to discuss the role of MDCT in the diagnostic work-up of acute abdominal pain. (orig.)

Open Abdomen Therapy with Vacuum and Mesh Mediated Fascial Traction After Aortic Repair: an International Multicentre Study.

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Acosta, Stefan; Seternes, Arne; Venermo, Maarit; Vikatmaa, Leena; Sörelius, Karl; Wanhainen, Anders; Svensson, Mats; Djavani, Khatereh; Björck, Martin

2017-12-01

Open abdomen therapy may be necessary to prevent or treat abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). The aim of the study was to analyse the primary delayed fascial closure (PDFC) rate and complications after open abdomen therapy with vacuum and mesh mediated fascial traction (VACM) after aortic repair and to compare outcomes between those treated with open abdomen after primary versus secondary operation. This was a retrospective cohort, multicentre study in Sweden, Finland, and Norway, including consecutive patients treated with open abdomen and VACM after aortic repair at six vascular centres in 2006-2015. The primary endpoint was PDFC rate. Among 191 patients, 155 were men. The median age was 71 years (IQR 66-76). Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) occurred in 69.1%. Endovascular/hybrid and open repairs were performed in 49 and 142 patients, respectively. The indications for open abdomen were inability to close the abdomen (62%) at primary operation and ACS (80%) at secondary operation. Duration of open abdomen was 11 days (IQR 7-16) in 157 patients alive at open abdomen termination. The PDFC rate was 91.8%. Open abdomen initiated at primary (N=103), compared with secondary operation (N=88), was associated with less severe initial open abdomen status (p=.006), less intestinal ischaemia (p=.002), shorter duration of open abdomen (p=.007), and less renal replacement therapy (RRT, popen abdomen initiated at primary versus secondary operation. VACM was associated with a high PDFC rate after prolonged open abdomen therapy following aortic repair. Patient outcomes seemed better when open abdomen was initiated at primary, compared with secondary operation but a selection effect is possible. Copyright © 2017 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A role of abdomen in butterfly's flapping flight

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Jayakumar, Jeeva; Senda, Kei; Yokoyama, Naoto

2017-11-01

Butterfly's forward flight with periodic flapping motion is longitudinally unstable, and control of the thoracic pitching angle is essential to stabilize the flight. This study aims to comprehend roles which the abdominal motion play in the pitching stability of butterfly's flapping flight by using a two-dimensional model. The control of the thoracic pitching angle by the abdominal motion is an underactuated problem because of the limit on the abdominal angle. The control input of the thorax-abdomen joint torque is obtained by the hierarchical sliding mode control in this study. Numerical simulations reveal that the control by the abdominal motion provides short-term pitching stabilization in the butterfly's flight. Moreover, the control input due to a large thorax-abdomen joint torque can counteract a quite large perturbation, and can return the pitching attitude to the periodic trajectory with a short recovery time. These observations are consistent with biologists' view that living butterflies use their abdomens as rudders. On the other hand, the abdominal control mostly fails in long-term pitching stabilization, because it cannot directly alter the aerodynamic forces. The control for the long-term pitching stabilization will also be discussed.

CT arteriography of the upper abdomen

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Hasuo, K; Matsuura, K; Baba, H; Numaguchi, Y; Komaki, S [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Medicine

1980-04-01

The technique of CT arteriography was introduced, and CT images of the upper abdomen were explained. Very clear enhancement of parenchyma and vessels (especially portal vein) of the object organs could be obtained by CT arteriography of the upper abdomen, anatomical structures of organs were identified more easily by CT arteriography than by conventional CT, and the amount of information obtained was increased by using CT arteriography. However, the indication of CT arteriography must be limited, because of its complexity that CT arteriography is performed after angiography and involves the invasion of patients' bodies. As described in many reports, CT arteriography is useful for malignant tumors of the liver, and it is worthwhile, especially when surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma is considered. CT arteriography for organs except the liver has not been discussed sufficiently. Therefore, an application of this method for other organs must be decided after consideration of the balance of the amount of information obtained by CT arteriography with invasion to patients.

Acute Abdomen in Pediatric Patients Admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department

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Yu-Ching Tseng

2008-08-01

Conclusion: The etiology of acute abdomen varied depending on the age of the patient. Acute appendicitis was the most common cause of acute abdomen in children older than 1 year of age, followed by traumatic injury. Abdominal CT scanning was a useful diagnostic imaging modality in patients with both traumatic and non-traumatic abdominal pain.

Hematologia de tilápia-do-nilo alimentada com suplemento à base de algas frente a desafios de estresse agudo e crônico

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F. Garcia

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o efeito da suplementação com produto à base de algas, ergosan, em dietas para tilápias Oreochromis niloticus, submetidas ao desafio de estresse agudo e crônico sobre as características hematológicas. O ensaio foi realizado com tilápias jovens (15g em caixas de 500L de capacidade de estocagem, em sistema com recirculação da água, com fluxo constante, na densidade de 35 peixes por caixa. Os peixes foram alimentados com as dietas-teste durante 10 dias e, ao final deste período, voltaram a receber dieta isenta de ergosan, quando foram submetidos aos desafios de estresses agudo e crônico. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente ao acaso (DIC, em esquema fatorial 4x2, sendo testados: quatro porcentagens do suplemento 0; 0,25; 0,5 e 1% de ergosan na ração em dois tipos de estresse, agudo e crônico. Os resultados permitem concluir que os estímulos de estresse aplicados foram capazes de provocar alterações fisiológicas nos peixes, incluindo redução no número de eritrócitos, eritroblastos e leucócitos e aumento do volume corpuscular médio dos eritrócitos. A administração oral de 1% de suplemento durante 10 dias para juvenis de tilápia-do-nilo, em condição de estresse agudo, induz o incremento de 69% no número de trombócitos circulantes.

Parenteral nutrition including polyamine under experimental irradiation of the abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moroz, B.B.; Fedorovskij, L.L.; Lyashchenko, Yu.N.

1982-01-01

White rats-males were used in experiments. Irradiation dose of abdomen area is 13.5 Gy (1400 R). Parenteral nutrition using aminoacid preparation of polyamine affects favourably during radiation damage resulted from local irradiation of abdomen area. This was manifested in weakening of gastroenteric syndrom, reduction of 3.5 day death of animals and increase of their 30 day survival rate, intensification of recovery processes in small intestine, decrease of cell devastation in bone marrow

Acute abdomen in pregnancy requiring surgical management: a 20-case series.

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Unal, Aysun; Sayharman, Sema Etiz; Ozel, Leyla; Unal, Ethem; Aka, Nurettin; Titiz, Izzet; Kose, Gultekin

2011-11-01

The obstetrician often has a difficult task in diagnosing and managing the acute abdomen in pregnancy. A reluctance to operate during pregnancy adds unnecessary delay, which may increase morbidity for both mother and fetus. In this study, we present our experience in pregnant patients with acute abdomen. Pregnant patients with acute abdomen requiring surgical exploration were enrolled from 2007 to 2010. Demographics, gestational age, symptoms, fetal loss, preterm delivery, imaging studies, operative results, postoperative complications and histopathologic evaluations were recorded. Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies were evaluated. Data analyses were performed with Microsoft Excel and statistical evaluations were done by using Student's t-test. There were 20 patients with a mean age of 32 years. The rate of emergency surgery was seen to be significantly higher in the second trimester (pacute abdomen (30% and 15%, respectively). All patients tolerated surgery well, and postoperative complications included wound infection, 10%, preterm labor, 5%, and prolonged paralytic ileus, 5%. One patient died from advanced gastric carcinoma and the only fetal death was seen in this case. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate therapy are crucial in pregnant with acute abdomen. The use of US may be limited and CT is not desirable due to fetal irradiation. MR has thus become increasingly popular in the evaluation of such patients. Adhesive small bowel obstruction should be kept in mind as an important etiology. Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

The role of open abdomen in non-trauma patient: WSES Consensus Paper

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Coccolini, Federico; Montori, Giulia; Ceresoli, Marco; Catena, Fausto; Moore, Ernest E.; Ivatury, Rao; Biffl, Walter; Peitzman, Andrew; Coimbra, Raul; Rizoli, Sandro; Kluger, Yoram; Abu-Zidan, Fikri M.; Sartelli, Massimo; de Moya, Marc; Velmahos, George; Fraga, Gustavo Pereira; Pereira, Bruno M.; Leppaniemi, Ari; Boermeester, Marja A.; Kirkpatrick, Andrew W.; Maier, Ron; Bala, Miklosh; Sakakushev, Boris; Khokha, Vladimir; Malbrain, Manu; Agnoletti, Vanni; Martin-Loeches, Ignacio; Sugrue, Michael; Di Saverio, Salomone; Griffiths, Ewen; Soreide, Kjetil; Mazuski, John E.; May, Addison K.; Montravers, Philippe; Melotti, Rita Maria; Pisano, Michele; Salvetti, Francesco; Marchesi, Gianmariano; Valetti, Tino M.; Scalea, Thomas; Chiara, Osvaldo; Kashuk, Jeffry L.; Ansaloni, Luca

2017-01-01

The open abdomen (OA) is defined as intentional decision to leave the fascial edges of the abdomen un-approximated after laparotomy (laparostomy). The abdominal contents are potentially exposed and therefore must be protected with a temporary coverage, which is referred to as temporal abdominal

Comportamiento del fallo renal agudo en niños con sepsis grave Behavior of acute renal failure in children presenting with severe sepsis

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María del Carmen Saura Hernández

2010-03-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar los factores de riesgo asociados al fallo renal agudo (FRA en un grupo de niños con sepsis grave atendidos entre enero del 2004 y diciembre del 2008. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio observacional y analítico con una muestra de 171 pacientes. Se constituyeron dos grupos: el de estudio, integrado por 38 pacientes con estado de choque séptico o disfunción múltiple de órganos (DMO y FRA, y un grupo control, conformado por 133 niños en igual estadio de sepsis pero con función renal normal. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y se tuvieron en cuenta variables epidemiológicas, factores de riesgo de FRA y evolución de los casos. RESULTADOS. La incidencia de FRA fue del 22,2 %, y aunque disminuyó considerablemente en los 3 últimos años del estudio, la mortalidad fue del 42,1 %, mayoritariamente en el DMO (89,5 %. Se encontró dependencia entre la insuficiencia renal y la respuesta diurética no adecuada a la fluidoterapia (51,2 %, la inestabilidad hemodinámica por más de 24 h (46,5 %, la disfunción miocárdica (43,3 % y el uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos (42,8 %. CONCLUSIONES. La respuesta diurética no adecuada a la fluidoterapia, la inestabilidad hemodinámica por más de 24 h, la disfunción miocárdica y el uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos incrementan el riesgo de FRA en la sepsis grave, la cual duplica la mortalidad en relación con los pacientes que conservan la función renal. No obstante, la prevención de las formas graves de sepsis y un tratamiento adecuado de ésta disminuyen la incidencia de FRA.INTRODUCTION: The aim of present research was to determine the risk factor associated with the acute renal failure (ARF in a group of children with severe sepsis seen between January, 2004 and December, 2008. METHODS: An analytical and observational study was conducted in a sample including 171 patients. There were two groups: the study-group with 138 patients with

Damage control surgery and open abdomen in trauma patients with exsanguinating bleeding.

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Mutafchiĭski, V; Popivanov, G

2014-01-01

Acute coagulopathy with exsanguinating bleeding occurs in 2-5% of all trauma cases carrying mortality rate near 100% after conventional management. In the last few decades, the development of damage control surgery (DCS) in combination with the technique of open abdomen led to significantly improved survival among these patients. A descriptive study based on a retrospective analysis of 12 consecutive blast victims with exsanguinating bleeding underwent DCS and open abdomen management. All patients were soldiers injured during their deployment in Iraq and Afghanistan during 2002-2007, treated by our deployed surgical teams. Vacuum Assisted Closure (V.A.C., KCI) and vacuum pack (VP) was used for a temporary closure of abdomen. A cumulative analysis of all relevant series used these methods during the period 2000-2013 was performed. DCS was applied in 12 of 114 consecutive blast victims (10.5%) with survival rate 66.7% (8/12). Eleven had open abdomen with temporary closure with V.A.C. in 6 and VP in 5. Four patients died before the definitive closure (36.4%). The survivors (n = 8) were with a mean age 28.5 years, suffered from a critical trauma with a mean Injury Severity Score 35.5. V.A.C was used in 4 of them, VP in 3. Primary closure of abdomen was achieved in 6 (85.7%) within 3.5 days and mean 1.3 dressing changes. Due to ACS, the abdomen was closed through skin suture only and a creation of planned ventral hernia in 1 patient treated with VP (1/7, 14.3%). Wound infection was observed in 1 case (14.3%). Despite the small sample size, our series clearly demonstrate the benefits of DCS and open abdomen in trauma patients with exsangiunating bleeding. The survival rate is highly dependent on the rapid implementation of DCS in properly selected patients. V.A.C. and VP provide a high rate of primary fascial closure in trauma.

Efecto de un tratamiento agudo con norgestomet en la dinámica folicular de vacas Cebú x Holstein sincronizadas con implantes de norgestomet y eCG

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R. Páez

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de una inyección de norgestomet en la dinámica folicular de vacas Cebú x Holstein sincronizadas con implantes de norgestomet. Se utilizaron 50 vacas en lactación con más de 60 días posparto, las cuales recibieron un implante de 3 mg de norgestomet y una dosis luteolítica de PGF2a (día cero. El día cinco, a 25 vacas (grupo Norg, se les administraron 1.8 mg de norgestomet intramuscular (IM y 25 vacas (grupo testigo, recibieron 3 ml de solución salina. El noveno día se retiró el implante, se realizó un destete temporal por 72 h y los animales fueron divididos al azar dentro de sus tratamientos para recibir (n = 23 o no (n = 27 500 UI de eCG. Posteriormente, las vacas fueron observadas durante cinco días en forma continua para la detección de signos de estro. Se realizaron diariamente ecografías de los ovarios desde el día de la inserción del implante hasta la presentación de estro. El tratamiento agudo con norgestomet provocó recambio del folículo dominante (FD en 40% (10/25 de las vacas, contra 16% (4/25 del grupo testigo (P 0.05 el porcentaje de vacas que presentaron estro ni el tiempo de presentación del mismo. Se concluye que el tratamiento agudo con norgestomet, durante la sincronización del estro con progestágenos, provoca atresia y recambio folicular. Sin embargo, este efecto depende de la etapa de desarrollo del folículo dominante al momento del tratamiento.

Diagnósticos de enfermería al alta hospitalaria en personas con Síndrome Coronario Agudo

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Clara Inés Padilla García

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Enfermería juega un rol fundamental en las diferentes etapas de la atención de las personas con síndrome coronario agudo, entre ellas el egreso hospitalario. Brindar cuidado acorde a las necesidades propias de estas personas, requiere de la identificación de los principales diagnósticos de enfermería. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de diagnósticos de Enfermería de las personas con síndrome coronario agudo al momento del alta hospitalaria. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal en 196 personas hospitalizadas por el evento de interés, se utilizó instrumento de valoración focalizada que evaluaba las características definitorias de los diagnósticos de enfermería: ansiedad, afrontamiento ineficaz, disposición para mejorar la religiosidad, disposición para mejorar los conocimientos, intolerancia a la actividad; los cuales fueron identificados como prioritarios según la literatura científica y por consenso de expertos. Para determinar la prevalencia de los diagnósticos se realizó análisis de definición y características definitorias. Resultados: Se evidenció como principal problema de la población de estudio los conocimientos deficientes, seguido de la intolerancia a la actividad y la ansiedad. De igual forma se logró identificar diagnósticos positivos como la disposición para mejorar los conocimientos y la religiosidad. Conclusiones: El presente trabajo nos permitió identificar necesidades reales y reconocer factores protectores al momento del alta hospitalaria en personas que han vivido un evento coronario agudo, lo cual constituye un punto de partida para el diseño de planes de cuidado y la puesta en marcha de intervenciones que conduzcan a mejorar la situación de salud de este grupo de personas.

Terapia com células-tronco na síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo Stem cell therapy in acute respiratory distress syndrome

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Tatiana Maron-Gutierrez

2009-03-01

Full Text Available A síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo é caracterizada por uma reação inflamatória difusa do parênquima pulmonar, podendo ser induzida por um insulto direto ao epitélio alveolar (síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo pulmonar ou indireto através do endotélio vascular (síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo extrapulmonar. Acredita-se que uma terapia eficaz para o tratamento da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo deva atenuar a resposta inflamatória e promover adequado reparo da lesão pulmonar. O presente artigo apresenta uma breve revisão acerca do potencial terapêutico das células-tronco na síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. Essa revisão bibliográfica baseou-se em uma pesquisa sistemática de artigos experimentais e clínicos sobre terapia celular na síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo incluídos nas bases de dados MedLine e SciELO nos últimos 10 anos. O transplante de células-tronco promove melhora da lesão inflamatória pulmonar e do conseqüente processo fibrótico, induzindo adequado reparo tecidual. Dentre os mecanismos envolvidos, podemos citar: diferenciação em células do epitélio alveolar e redução na liberação de mediadores inflamatórios e sistêmicos e fatores de crescimento. A terapia com células-tronco derivadas da medula óssea pode vir a ser uma opção eficaz e segura no tratamento da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo por acelerar o processo de reparo e atenuar a resposta inflamatória. Entretanto, os mecanismos relacionados à atividade antiinflamatória e antifibrogênica de tais células necessitam ser mais bem elucidados, limitando, assim, o seu uso clínico imediato.Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by an acute pulmonary inflammatory process induced by the presence of a direct (pulmonary insult that affects lung parenchyma, or an indirect (extrapulmonary insult that results from an acute systemic inflammatory response

Sistema informático para la gestión de la información hospitalaria del infarto agudo de miocardio (RHIMA

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Yanier Coll Muñoz

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Introducción: La difícil recopilación de información sobre la prevalencia y desarrollo del infarto agudo de miocardio imposibilita medir la calidad del tratamiento durante la evolución de la enfermedad en un determinado grupo de pacientes.Objetivo: Desarrollar un sistema informático que permita la gestión de la información hospitalaria del infarto agudo de miocardio en el Servicio de Cardiología.Método: Se identificaron las variables necesarias para la confección del registro, divididas por bloques relacionados con la atención prehospitalaria, el síndrome coronario agudo, la atención en Unidades de Cuidados Coronarios y el egreso. Se creó un sistema informático que utiliza NetBeans como IDE de programación, Apache como servidor web y la base de datos en MySQL; como lenguaje de programación se utilizó PHP con la infraestructura digital (framework Yii del lado del servidor y JavaScript con el framework ExtJs 4.1.1 del lado del cliente. Como modelador de base de datos se utilizó ER/Studio.Resultados: Se conformó el Registro Hospitalario de Infarto Agudo de Miocardio (RHIMA para su aplicación en el Hospital Gustavo Aldereguía Lima de Cienfuegos, Cuba; se lograron obtener datos estadísticos inmediatos que permitieron realizar un análisis de la atención a los pacientes con esta enfermedad.Conclusiones: Se desarrolló un sistema informático web capaz de gestionar la información del IAM. Su diseño, acorde al Sistema Nacional de Salud de Cuba, tiene en cuenta las características epidemiológicas y demográficas de la población cubana y brindan indicadores de calidad en la terapéutica para el registro de la información del IAM, ajustadas a las recomendaciones de las principales Guías de Práctica Clínica.

Noncommunicating isolated enteric duplication cyst in the abdomen ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... Surgery 2013, 9:124–126. Keywords: abdomen, children, duplication, isolated, noncommunicating. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, .... M Abdominal pain, anorexia, fever. Ileum. Respiratory.

Caracterización del infarto agudo del miocardio en mujeres atendidas en el hospital Ernesto Guevara

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Zailit González Cruz

2014-08-01

Full Text Available En Las Tunas han aumentado las cifras de mujeres afectadas por infarto agudo del miocardio (IMA, con una tasa de mortalidad superior a la media nacional. A pesar de ello, no existen estudios publicados que describan el comportamiento de esta entidad en las mujeres tuneras. Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo en el servicio de cardiología del hospital provincial de Las Tunas, “Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna”, entre los años 2009 al 2011, con el objetivo de caracterizar el infarto agudo del miocardio en el sexo femenino. La muestra estuvo constituida por 181 mujeres admitidas en el servicio por esta entidad, diagnosticadas según los criterios establecidos. Para el análisis de los resultados se utilizó la estadística descriptiva, con valores absolutos y porcientos. En la muestra de estudio prevaleció el IMA CEST, de topografía anterior y no trombolizado. La disfunción ventricular izquierda constituyó la complicación más frecuente. Predominaron como factores de riesgo asociados la hipertensión arterial, las dislipidemias, el hábito de fumar y la diabetes mellitus.

Infected Congenital Epicardial Cyst Presenting as Acute Abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Dribin, Timothy; Files, Matthew D; Rudzinski, Erin R; Kaplan, Ron; Stone, Kimberly P

2016-12-01

A previously healthy 3-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain, fever, and emesis. Laboratory and radiologic evaluation for causes of acute abdomen were negative; however, review of the abdominal x-ray demonstrated cardiomegaly with the subsequent diagnosis of pericardial cyst by echocardiogram and computed tomography. The patient underwent surgical decompression and attempted removal of the cystic structure revealing that the cyst originated from the epicardium. His abdominal pain and fever resolved postoperatively and he completed a 3-week course of ceftriaxone for treatment of Propionibacterium acnes infected congenital epicardial cyst. Emergency department physicians must maintain a broad differential in patients with symptoms of acute abdomen to prevent complications from serious cardiac or pulmonary diseases that present with symptoms of referred abdominal pain.

Efectos agudos de las partículas respirables y del dióxido de azufre sobre la salud respiratoria en niños del área industrial de Puchuncaví, Chile

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Sánchez Juan

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Se investigó el efecto agudo de la contaminación atmosférica sobre la salud respiratoria en 114 niños de 6 a 12 años de edad residentes en la zona industrial de Puchuncaví, V Región de Chile: 57 con síntomas respiratorios crónicos y 57 asintomáticos. Durante 66 días se midieron diariamente los niveles de partículas respirables de tamaño < 10 mym (PM10 y de dióxido de azufre (SO2 en el aire. Los participantes fueron seleccionados y clasificados según su susceptibilidad a la enfermedad respiratoria crónica, para lo cual se utilizó un cuestionario de síntomas respiratorios aplicado a un total de 882 niños residentes en el área de influencia de las emisiones de una fundición de cobre y de una central termoeléctrica. Diariamente se registraron el flujo espiratorio máximo (FEM y la incidencia de síntomas respiratorios. La asociación de los niveles de PM10 y SO2 con el FEM y la incidencia de tos, expectoración, sibilancias, disnea y uso de broncodilatadores fue estimada por modelos de regresión (ecuaciones estimativas generalizadas. En los niños inicialmente sintomáticos, un incremento de 50 myg/m³ en el nivel medio diario de SO2 dio lugar a una reducción de -1,42 L/min (intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC95%: -2,84 a -0,71 en el FEM del día siguiente, mientras que un aumento de 30 myg/m³ en la concentración acumulada de tres días de PM10 produjo una disminución de -2,84 L/min (IC95%: -4,26 a 0,00. Con respecto a los síntomas, un aumento de 30 myg/m³ en el nivel medio semanal de PM10 se relacionó con un incremento de 26% (razón de posibilidades (RP = 1,26; IC95%: 1,01 a 1,57 en la incidencia de tos y de 23% (RP = 1,23; IC95%: 1,00 a 1,50 en la incidencia de expectoración, un aumento de 50 myg/m³ en el nivel medio de SO2 durante tres días se asoció a un incremento de 5% (RP = 1,05; IC95%: 1,00 a 1,10 en la incidencia de expectoración y un aumento de 30 (myg/m³ en el promedio diario de PM10 incrementó el uso

Qualidade de vida de clientes pós-infarto agudo do miocárdio Calidad de vida de los clientes pós-infarto agudo del miocardio Client's quality of life after myocardial infarction

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Joselany Afio Caetano

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a qualidade de vida de clientes que sofreram infarto agudo do miocárdio. A amostra constou de 30 clientes selecionados pela busca em prontuários de uma unidade cardiológica, que nos permitiu a identificação e localização desses clientes, internados no ano de 2004. Para coleta de dados utilizamos a Escala de Qualidade de Vida de Flanagan e o tratamento estatístico com desvio-padrão. Os resultados mostraram maior índice de respostas nos níveis "indiferentes" a "pouco satisfeitos" em suas qualidades de vida. A relação interpessoal apresentou o mais alto índice de satisfação, contrariando o bem-estar físico e material, com o mais baixo índice de satisfação. Concluiu-se que a avaliação da qualidade de vida de clientes que sofreram infarto agudo do miocárdio se mostra comprometida, o que vem corroborar outros estudos anteriormente realizados.El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la calidad de vida de los clientes que han sufrido infarto agudo del miocardio. La muestra ha consistido de 30 pacientes escogidos por la búsqueda en historias clínicas de una unidad cardiológica, que nos permitió la identificación y localización de estos clientes, internados en el año 2004. Para la colecta de los datos utilizamos la Escala de Calidad de Vida de Flanagan y el tratamiento estadístico con desvío medio. Los resultados muestran mayor índice de respuestas en los niveles "indiferentes" a "poco satisfechos" en sus calidades de vida. La relación interpersonal presentó el más alto índice de satisfacción, contrariando el bienestar físico y material, con el más bajo índice de satisfacción. Ha concluído que la evaluación de la calidad de vida de clientes que sufrieron infarto agudo del miocardio muéstrase comprometida, lo que viene a confirmar otros estudios anteriormente realizados.This study evaluates the quality of life of clients who suffered myocardial infarction. The sample consisted of 30

INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO: MANUAL DE ORIENTAÇÃO PARA O PACIENTE

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Fernanda Carneiro Mussi

Full Text Available Baseado em pesquisa das expectativas de 30 pacientes internados em unidade coronária, os autores apresentam um manual de orientação para o paciente com diagnóstico de Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio. O objetivo do manual é ser um complemento do tratamento dos pacientes com Infarto do Miocárdio, a principal causa de morte em nosso pais. É composto por informações sobre o que é a doença, os fatores de risco a ela associados, retorno as atividades e tratamento.

Controvérsias acerca da acidose hipercápnica na síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo Controversies involving hypercapnic acidosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome

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Liliane Nardelli

2009-12-01

Full Text Available A síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo é caracterizada por uma reação inflamatória difusa do parênquima pulmonar induzida por um insulto direto ao epitélio alveolar (síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo pulmonar ou indireto por meio do endotélio vascular (síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo extrapulmonar. A principal estratégia terapêutica da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo é o suporte ventilatório. Entretanto, a ventilação mecânica pode agravar a lesão pulmonar. Nesse contexto, uma estratégia ventilatória protetora com baixo volume corrente foi proposta. Tal estratégia reduziu a taxa de mortalidade dos pacientes com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo, porém acarretou acidose hipercápnica. O presente artigo apresenta uma revisão da literatura acerca dos efeitos da acidose hipercápnica na síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. Para tal, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura científica conforme critérios já estabelecidos para análise documental incluindo artigos experimentais e clínicos sobre o tema, usando-se como bases de dados MedLine, LILACS, SciElo, PubMed, Cochrane. A acidose hipercápnica é defendida por alguns autores como moduladora do processo inflamatório da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. Entretanto, estudos clínicos e experimentais acerca dos efeitos da acidose hipercápnica têm demonstrado resultados controversos. Logo, é fundamental a realização de mais pesquisas para elucidar o papel da acidose hipercápnica na síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo.Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by a diffuse inflammatory reaction of lung parenchyma induced by a direct insult to the alveolar epithelium (pulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome or an indirect lesion through the vascular endothelium (extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome. The main therapeutic strategy for acute respiratory

Decúbito prono en pacientes con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo

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Mariano Setten

Full Text Available RESUMEN El síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo ocupa gran atención en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. A pesar del amplio conocimiento alcanzado sobre la fisiopatología de éste síndrome, el enfoque en la unidad de cuidados intensivos consiste, en gran parte, en un tratamiento de soporte vital y en evitar los efectos secundarios de las terapéuticas invasivas. Si bien, durante los últimos 20 años, se generaron grandes avances en ventilación mecánica con un impacto importante sobre la mortalidad, ésta continúa siendo elevada. Una característica de los pacientes con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo, sobre todo los más severos, es la presencia de hipoxemia refractaria debido a la existencia de shunt, pudiendo requerir tratamientos adicionales a la ventilación mecánica, entre ellos la ventilación mecánica en decúbito prono. Este método, recomendado para mejorar la oxigenación por primera vez en 1974, puede ser implementado fácilmente en cualquier unidad de cuidados intensivos con personal entrenado. El decúbito prono tiene un sustento bibliográfico sumamente robusto. Varios ensayos clínicos randomizados han demostrado el efecto del decúbito prono sobre la oxigenación en pacientes con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo medida a través de la relación PaO2/FiO2 e incluso su impacto en el aumento de la sobrevida de estos pacientes. Los integrantes del Comité de Kinesiología Intensivista de la Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva realizaron una revisión narrativa con el objetivo de exponer la evidencia disponible en relación a la implementación del decúbito prono, los cambios producidos en el sistema respiratorio por la aplicación de la maniobra y su impacto sobre la mortalidad. Por último, se sugerirán lineamientos para la toma de decisiones.

Role of ultrasonography in the evaluation of children with acute abdomen in the emergency set-up

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Aviral

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Acute abdomen in children has been aptly described as Pandora′s box. Unlike computerized tomography (CT scan, ultrasonography (USG has no radiation hazard and the present study analyses the diagnostic yield of the USG in acute abdomen in children. Materials and Methods: Between September 2001 to October 2003, 75 patients with acute abdomen underwent clinical examination, routine biochemical tests, erect X-ray abdomen, USG and CT scan. Laparotomy and histological examination established final diagnosis. Results: The accuracy of correct diagnosis was 60%, 66.6%, 64%, 98.7% with clinical examination alone, USG alone, clinical examination combined with conventional radiography, and clinical evaluation combined with conventional radiography and USG respectively. USG helped to prevent unnecessary laparotomy in 16.3% of patients. Conclusions: USG is good investigative modality in the management of acute abdomen in children.

Estreptoquinasa recombinante en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio. Cardiocentro de Camaguey, 2008

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Héctor Mariño Cano

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal, con el objetivo de valorar la eficacia de la utilización de la Estreptoquinasa Recombinante en pacientes con Infarto Agudo de Miocardio (IMA en el Cardiocentro del Hospital Provincial Docente “Manuel Ascunce Doménech” en la provincia de Camagüey, en el período comprendido de enero a diciembre del 2008. El universo estuvo constituido por 200 pacientes, a los que se les diagnosticó Infarto Agudo de Miocardio y la muestra quedó formada por 80 pacientes que recibieron tratamiento trombolítico, las historias clínicas de los pacientes fueron la principal fuente de obtención de la información, utilizando  las  siguientes  variables: resultados criterio de perfusión, evolución clínica, criterio de reacciones adversas y la influencia que ejerce el tiempo puerta-aguja,  así como los cuidados de enfermería. Al terminar se observó que  el criterio de repercusión de mayor incidencia fue el eléctrico; la mayor cantidad de pacientes tuvieron buena evolución clínica; la hipotensión fue la reacción adversa más frecuente; el tiempo de puerta-aguja  que más incidió  fue el menor, de 3h; a todos los pacientes diagnosticados con infarto, que recibieron tratamiento trombolítico, se les  brindaron  cuidados de enfermería.

Comportamiento del infarto agudo del miocardio en personas con diabetes mellitus de la provincia Granma Situation of the acute myocardial infarction in persons with diabetes mellitus in Granma province

OpenAIRE

Eduardo René Valdés Ramos; Marjoris Rivera Chávez; Niurka Bencosme Rodríguez

2012-01-01

Antecedentes: la diabetes mellitus, además de ser un factor de riesgo para el infarto agudo del miocardio, parece conferir per se un peor pronóstico en los pacientes con esta entidad. Objetivo: evaluar el comportamiento del infarto agudo del miocardio en personas con diabetes mellitus de la provincia de Granma. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo con 159 pacientes que ingresaron en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Coronarios del Hospital "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes", de Ba...

Acute abdomen. Diagnostic radiology according to principal signs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krestin, G.P.

1994-01-01

The acute abdomen is a frequent and very often dangerous syndrome which requires sophisticated diagnostic evaluation. A decisive factor determining the following case history is efficient and exact diagnosis, calling for experienced clinical and diagnostic experts for efficient application of available methods, and correct interpretation of findings. The book offers: 1. Practice-oriented diagnostic strategies, based on 13 principal signs and constellations derived from clinical experience, presented in each chapter as a combination of - suitable differential diagnostic procedures and methods,- exhaustive description of the clinical signs and diagnostic findings specific of the various symptoms,- algorithmic presentations. 2. A special chapter on the pediatric acute abdomen. 3. The most important findings shown in more than 250 original pictures. 4. A graphical design and presentation of the information which permits quick access to the important content. (orig./CB) [de

Update on the management of non-obstetric acute abdomen in pregnant patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Barber-Millet, Sebastián; Bueno Lledó, José; Granero Castro, Pablo; Gómez Gavara, Immaculada; Ballester Pla, Neus; García Domínguez, Rafael

2016-05-01

Acute abdomen is a rare entity in the pregnant patient, with an incidence of one in 500-635 patients. Its appearance requires a quick response and an early diagnosis to treat the underlying disease and prevent maternal and fetal morbidity. Imaging tests are essential, due to clinical and laboratory masking in this subgroup. Appendicitis and complicated biliary pathology are the most frequent causes of non-obstetric acute abdomen in the pregnant patient. The decision to operate, the timing, and the surgical approach are essential for a correct management of this pathology. The aim of this paper is to perform a review and update on the diagnosis and treatment of non-obstetric acute abdomen in pregnancy. Copyright © 2015 AEC. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Sci-Fri AM: MRI and Diagnostic Imaging - 02: Quality Improvement: Diagnostic Reference Levels for Interior Health CT exams – L-Spine, Chest/Abdomen/pelvis, Abdomen/Pelvis, Head

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bjarnason, Thorarin [Diagnostic Imaging / Interior Health, Mathematics, Statistics, Physics & Computer Science / UBCO (Canada); Radiology / UBC (Canada)

2016-08-15

Diagnostic Reference Levels are used to optimize patient dose and image quality in the clinical setting. It is assumed that the majority of exams are of diagnostic quality, or the radiologists would request protocol adjustments. By investigating the dose indicator distributions from all scanners, the upper DRL can be set to the 75th percentile of the distribution and a lower DRL can be set to the 10th percentile. Scanners using doses consistently outside the upper/lower DRL range can be adjusted accordingly. 11 CT scanners, all contributing to the American College of Radiology Dose Index Registry (ACR DIR) were used in this study. Dose indicator data were compiled from the ACR DIR data and local DRLs established. Scanners with median doses outside the upper/lower DRL were followed-up with. Using effective dose and exam volumes, collective dose was determined before and after protocol adjustments to evaluate the effect of this quality improvement effort. The quality initiative is complete for L-spine and Chest/Abdomen/Pelvis exams and only initial surveys were completed for Head and Abdomen/Pelvis examsg. Median Scanner Dose reductions were 8.8 and 4.9 % for L-spine and Chest/Abdomen/Pelvis exams, respectively, resulting with collective dose reductions of 0.7 and 3.2 person•Sv/yr. Follow-up is ongoing for Abdomen/Pelvis and Head exams.

Sci-Fri AM: MRI and Diagnostic Imaging - 02: Quality Improvement: Diagnostic Reference Levels for Interior Health CT exams – L-Spine, Chest/Abdomen/pelvis, Abdomen/Pelvis, Head

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bjarnason, Thorarin

2016-01-01

Diagnostic Reference Levels are used to optimize patient dose and image quality in the clinical setting. It is assumed that the majority of exams are of diagnostic quality, or the radiologists would request protocol adjustments. By investigating the dose indicator distributions from all scanners, the upper DRL can be set to the 75th percentile of the distribution and a lower DRL can be set to the 10th percentile. Scanners using doses consistently outside the upper/lower DRL range can be adjusted accordingly. 11 CT scanners, all contributing to the American College of Radiology Dose Index Registry (ACR DIR) were used in this study. Dose indicator data were compiled from the ACR DIR data and local DRLs established. Scanners with median doses outside the upper/lower DRL were followed-up with. Using effective dose and exam volumes, collective dose was determined before and after protocol adjustments to evaluate the effect of this quality improvement effort. The quality initiative is complete for L-spine and Chest/Abdomen/Pelvis exams and only initial surveys were completed for Head and Abdomen/Pelvis examsg. Median Scanner Dose reductions were 8.8 and 4.9 % for L-spine and Chest/Abdomen/Pelvis exams, respectively, resulting with collective dose reductions of 0.7 and 3.2 person•Sv/yr. Follow-up is ongoing for Abdomen/Pelvis and Head exams.

MRI of the fetal abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoermann, M.; Brugger, P.C.; Witzani, L.; Prayer, D.

2006-01-01

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important diagnostic component for central nervous system and thoracic diseases during fetal development. Although ultrasound remains the method of choice for observing the fetus during pregnancy, fetal MRI is being increasingly used as an additional technique for the accurate diagnosis of abdominal diseases. Recent publications confirm the value of MRI in the diagnosis of fetal gastrointestinal tract and urogenital system diseases. The following report provides an overview of MRI-examination techniques for the most frequent diseases of the abdomen. (orig.) [de

Hepatocarcinoma como causa de abdome agudo em adolescente: relato de caso

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João Augusto dos Santos Martines

2012-08-01

Full Text Available O carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC é pouco prevalente nos países ocidentais, porém é um dos tumores mais freqüentes na Ásia e a quinta causa de câncer no mundo.É relatado um caso de adolescente do sexo feminino sem fatores de risco para um tumor extremamente agressivo, internada no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo. A apresentação clínica foi de abdome agudo secundário a sangramento para cavidade peritoneal por ruptura do tumor evidenciado através de tomografia computorizada multidetectores (TCMD confirmado por laparotomia exploradora e biópsia hepática e tratada com rafia hemostática do parênquima hepático.

Características clínico epidemiológicas de pacientes con infarto miocárdico agudo

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Omar Lóriga García

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: la cardiopatía isquémica, y entre estas el Infarto Agudo del Miocardio con elevación del segmento ST, es la primera causa de muerte a nivel mundial. Objetivo: describir las características clínico epidemiológicas de pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio de la unidad de cuidados coronarios del Hospital General Docente Abel Santamaría Cuadrado de Pinar del Río, en 2011 y 2012. Material y Método: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo transversal; universo 644 pacientes ingresados con elevación del ST. Los datos se tomaron de las historias clínicas. Resultados: 62% tenían entre 60- 79 años. 84.5% de los pacientes entre 30 y 49 años eran hombres. 81,6% fumaba y el 45,5% era diabético. La localización topográfica del infarto fue: inferior el 70,8%, anterior el 22,9% y anterior extensa el 6,2% de los pacientes. Como complicación, la arritmia se presentó en el 34% de los pacientes, la insuficiencia cardiaca en el 14,9% y la muerte en 7,7%. El 68,5% de los pacientes con arritmias tuvo fibrilación auricular. La trombolisis se empleó en el 55,2% de los pacientes apareciendo, entre las complicaciones, la hipotensión en el 30,7%. Conclusiones: el infarto miocárdico agudo fue más frecuente en pacientes de mayor edad, siendo antes de los 50 años cinco veces más frecuente entre los hombres. Los factores de riesgo más representados fueron el hábito de fumar y la diabetes mellitus. La localización más frecuente fue la inferior y la complicación las arritmias y dentro de estas la fibrilación auricular. La trombolisis se complica principalmente con hipotensión, pudiendo ser más empleada.

Infarto agudo de miocardio inducido por heroína

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Beatriz Wills

2014-09-01

Full Text Available El uso mundial de drogas recreativas ha alcanzado proporciones preocupantes, al punto de amenazar la estabilidad socioeconómica de los países. Se estima que en los países desarrollados una de cada 4 personas ha utilizado drogas recreativas en algún momento de su vida. Por tanto, es frecuente que los médicos se enfrenten a cuadros de intoxicación secundaria al abuso de estas drogas. Además de sus efectos en el sistema nervioso central, también producen cambios significativos a nivel cardiovascular, responsables de una cantidad no despreciable de morbimortalidad relacionada con estas. En este artículo se expone un caso de infarto agudo de miocardio secundario al consumo de heroína, se revisan los efectos sistémicos de esta droga y se examinan el manejo y los mecanismos estudiados que explican esta relación.

Doses in pediatric patients undergoing chest and abdomen CT examinations. Preliminary results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jornada, Tiago S.; Silva, Teogenes A. da

2011-01-01

Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive method of image production that imparts significant doses to a patient, it is expected that pediatric CT examinations will increase the risk of induced cancer in children. In this study the effective doses in a five year-old child submitted to chest or abdomen CT scans were assessed for comparison purposes. The CTEXPO computed program was used with data from routine protocols of a 0 to 13 year-old children in two public hospitals in Belo Horizonte. Hospital A used a Siemens Dual-Slice unit with 80 kV, 41 mA and pitch 2 for chest or abdomen; hospital B used a Multislice GE unit with 120 kV, 45 mA and pitch 1 for chest and 120 kV, 55 mA. and pitch 1 for abdomen. Results of effective doses in a five year-old child were 1.7 and 1.0 mSv in hospital A and 9.1 and 7.2 mSv in hospital B, for chest and abdomen, respectively. Results were compared to the reference effective doses of 7.2 and 5.0 mSv for chest and abdomen respectively that were derived from the air kerma length product values given in ICRP publication 87. Results of hospital A showed that low dose exposures also can be achieved in CT scans of children. Results showed that even a hospital with a modern facility (hospital B) can provided doses higher than reference values if protocols are not adjusted for children. Preliminary results suggested that there is a room for optimizing children exposure submitted to CT scans. (author)

Spontaneous Spleen Rupture in a Teenager: An Uncommon Cause of Acute Abdomen

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Verroiotou Maria

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Spontaneous spleen rupture is a rare complication of infectious diseases and it can become a potentially life-threatening condition if not diagnosed in time. A 17-year-old Greek female presented to the ER due to acute abdominal pain, mainly of the left upper quadrant. She had no recent report of trauma. The patient was pale, her blood pressure was 90/70 mmHg, and her pulse was 120 b/min. Clinical examination of the abdomen revealed muscle contraction and resistance. The patient was submitted to an ultrasound of the upper abdomen and to a CT scanning of the abdomen that revealed an extended intraperitoneal hemorrhage due to spleen rupture. Due to the patient’s hemodynamic instability, she was taken to the operation room and splenectomy was performed. Following a series of laboratory examinations, the patient was diagnosed to be positive for current cytomegalovirus infection. The postoperative course was uneventful, and in a two year follow-up the patient is symptom-free. Spontaneous spleen rupture due to Cytomegalovirus infection is a rare clinical entity, described in few case reports in the world literature and should always be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of acute abdomen, especially in adolescents with no recent report of trauma.

A Study of Physicochemical Properties of Subcutaneous Fat of the Abdomen and its Implication in Abdominal Obesity.

Science.gov (United States)

Pandey, Arvind Kumar; Kumar, Pramod; Kodavoor, Srinivas Aithal; Kotian, Sushma Rama; Yathdaka, Sudhakar Narahari; Nayak, Dayanand; Souza, Anne D; Souza, Antony Sylvan D

2016-05-01

The lower abdominal obesity is more resistant to absorption as compared to that of upper abdomen. Differences in the physicochemical properties of the subcutaneous fat of the upper and lower abdomen may be responsible for this variation. There is paucity of the scientific literature on the physicochemical properties of the subcutaneous fat of abdomen. The present study was undertaken to create a database of physicochemical properties of abdominal subcutaneous fat. The samples of subcutaneous fat from upper and lower abdomen were collected from 40 fresh autopsied bodies (males 33, females 7). The samples were prepared for physicochemical analysis using organic and inorganic solvents. Various physicochemical properties of the fat samples analysed were surface tension, viscosity, specific gravity, specific conductivity, iodine value and thermal properties. Data was analysed by paired and independent sample t-tests. There was a statistically significant difference in all the physicochemical parameters between males and females except surface tension (organic) and surface tension (inorganic) of upper abdominal fat, and surface tension (organic) of lower abdominal fat. In males, viscosity of upper abdominal fat was more compared to that of lower abdomen (both organic and inorganic) unlike the specific conductivity that was higher for the lower abdominal fat as compared to that of the upper abdomen. In females there were statistically significant higher values of surface tension (inorganic) and specific gravity (organic) of the upper abdomen fat as compared to that of lower abdomen. The initial and final weight loss of the lower abdominal fat as indicated by Thermo Gravimetric Analysis was significantly more in males than in female. The difference in the physicochemical properties of subcutaneous fat between upper and lower abdomen and between males and females could be responsible for the variant behaviour of subcutaneous abdominal fat towards resorption.

[Anesthesiological management of patients with an acute abdomen].

Science.gov (United States)

Sakka, Samir G; Wappler, Frank

2008-11-01

Patients with an acute abdomen present with marked deterioration in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, which make general anesthesia to a challenging but also potentially dangerous procedure. A broad and fundamental knowledge of the pathophysiologically involved mechanisms of cardiovascular functions during anesthesia and appropriate anesthesiological approach are crucial for a successful peri-operative management. The anesthesiologist's goal is to perform adequate anesthesia while maintaining cardiovascular stability. Monitoring and management of acid-base-status as well as cardiovascular functions are required to maintain sufficient tissue oxygenation during anesthesia. The postoperative anesthesiological management may also crucially influence the further course and therefore should be considered in the anesthesiological planning. Finally, adequate pain management in all these patients is an important and not to underestimate part in the treatment. This article gives an overview on the major aspects in the different fields in the anesthesiological management of patients with an acute abdomen.

FAST ultrasound in abdomen closed trauma: literature review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perez Chacon, Cristian Alonso

2010-01-01

The management of polytraumatized patients has been important to know the scope and limitations of ultrasonography resources. A literature review was performed on FAST ultrasound in closed trauma in the abdomen. FAST (focused assessment with sonography for trauma) has been a study performed on the patient who has suffered both abdominal and thoracic trauma to determine the presence or absence of free fluid in these body cavities. The use is directed to locate intraabdominal drugs that may lead to bleeding and endanger the patient's life. Different techniques existent are recommended to use the original FAST as has been the extended FAST. In the United States the three diagnostic techniques generally have been: diagnostic peritoneal lavage, computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and ultrasonography for the evaluation of patients with trauma abdominal; each of them have had their own advantages and disadvantages to study [es

Diagnostics of vascular diseases as a cause for acute abdomen; Diagnostik vaskulaerer Erkrankungen als Ursache fuer das akute Abdomen

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Juchems, M.S. [Universitaetsklinikum Ulm, Klinik fuer Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Ulm (Germany); Aschoff, A.J. [Klinikum Kempten-Oberallgaeu, Abteilung fuer Radiologie, Kempten (Germany)

2010-03-15

Vascular pathologies are rare causes of an acute abdomen. If the cause is a vascular disease a rapid diagnosis is desired as vascular pathologies are associated with high mortality. A differentiation must be made between arterial and venous diseases. An occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery is the most common reason for acute mesenteric ischemia but intra-abdominal arterial bleeding is also of great importance. Venous pathologies include thrombotic occlusion of the portal vein, the mesenteric vein and the vena cava. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) is predestined for the diagnostics of vascular diseases of the abdomen. Using multiphasic contrast protocols enables reliable imaging of the arterial and venous vessel tree and detection of disorders with high sensitivity and specificity. Although conventional angiography has been almost completely replaced by MDCT as a diagnostic tool, it is still of high importance for minimally invasive interventions, for example in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding. (orig.) [German] Vaskulaere Pathologien sind seltene Ursachen fuer den klinischen Zustand eines akuten Abdomens. Liegt eine vaskulaere Erkrankung vor, ist jedoch aufgrund der hohen Mortalitaet eine zuegige Diagnostik von grosser Wichtigkeit. Bei den Erkrankungen der abdominellen Gefaesse sind arterielle von venoesen Ursachen zu unterscheiden. Ein Verschluss der A. mesenterica superior ist die haeufigste Ursache fuer die akute Mesenterialischaemie, daneben sind Blutungen in den abdominellen Gefaessprovinzen des arteriellen Gefaessbaums von Bedeutung. Venoese Pathologien betreffen thrombotische Verschluesse der Pfortader, der V. mesenterica und der V. cava. Die Multidetektor-CT (MDCT) ist zur Diagnostik vaskulaerer Erkrankungen des Abdominalraums praedestiniert. Mit mehrphasigen Untersuchungsprotokollen gelingt es, den arteriellen und venoesen Gefaessbaum zuverlaessig darzustellen und Erkrankungen mit hoher Sensitivitaet und Spezifitaet zu

Improving abdomen tumor low-dose CT images using a fast dictionary learning based processing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Yang; Shi Luyao; Shu Huazhong; Luo Limin; Coatrieux, Jean-Louis; Yin Xindao; Toumoulin, Christine

2013-01-01

In abdomen computed tomography (CT), repeated radiation exposures are often inevitable for cancer patients who receive surgery or radiotherapy guided by CT images. Low-dose scans should thus be considered in order to avoid the harm of accumulative x-ray radiation. This work is aimed at improving abdomen tumor CT images from low-dose scans by using a fast dictionary learning (DL) based processing. Stemming from sparse representation theory, the proposed patch-based DL approach allows effective suppression of both mottled noise and streak artifacts. The experiments carried out on clinical data show that the proposed method brings encouraging improvements in abdomen low-dose CT images with tumors. (paper)

Varicella Zoster Infection: A Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain Mimicking Acute Abdomen

OpenAIRE

Olmez, Deniz; Boz, Alper; Erkan, Nazif

2009-01-01

Varicella zoster is an acute viral infection that results from reactivation of a latent varicella zoster virus. It usually occurs in adult population and immune compromised patients. It rarely occurs in healthy children. Here we present a 14 years old male with varicella zoster that had abdominal pain mimicking acute abdomen to alert others who are consulted for the differentiation of acute abdomen and others who may be consulted for pain management. Keywords Varicella zoster; Abdominal pain

Normal sonographic anatomy of the abdomen of coatis (Nasua nasua Linnaeus 1766).

Science.gov (United States)

Ribeiro, Rejane G; Costa, Ana Paula A; Bragato, Nathália; Fonseca, Angela M; Duque, Juan C M; Prado, Tales D; Silva, Andrea C R; Borges, Naida C

2013-06-23

The use of ultrasound in veterinary medicine is widespread as a diagnostic supplement in the clinical routine of small animals, but there are few reports in wild animals. The objective of this study was to describe the anatomy, topography and abdominal sonographic features of coatis. The urinary bladder wall measured 0.11 ± 0.03 cm. The symmetrical kidneys were in the left and right cranial quadrant of the abdomen and the cortical, medullary and renal pelvis regions were recognized and in all sections. The medullary rim sign was visualized in the left kidney of two coatis. The liver had homogeneous texture and was in the cranial abdomen under the rib cage. The gallbladder, rounded and filled with anechoic content was visualized in all coatis, to the right of the midline. The spleen was identified in the left cranial abdomen following the greater curvature of the stomach. The parenchyma was homogeneous and hyperechogenic compared to the liver and kidney cortex. The stomach was in the cranial abdomen, limited cranially by the liver and caudo-laterally by the spleen. The left adrenal glands of five coatis were seen in the cranial pole of the left kidney showing hypoechogenic parenchyma without distinction of cortex and medulla. The pancreas was visualized in only two coatis. The left ovary (0.92 cm x 0.56 cm) was visualized on a single coati in the caudal pole of the kidney. The uterus, right adrenal, right ovary and intestines were not visualized. Ultrasound examination of the abdomen of coatis may be accomplished by following the recommendations for dogs and cats. It is possible to evaluate the anatomical and topographical relationships of the abdominal organs together with the knowledge of the peculiarities of parenchymal echogenicity and echotexture of the viscera.

Development of a finite element model of the human abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, J B; Yang, K H

2001-11-01

Currently, three-dimensional finite element models of the human body have been developed for frequently injured anatomical regions such as the brain, chest, extremities and pelvis. While a few models of the human body include the abdomen, these models have tended to oversimplify the complexity of the abdominal region. As the first step in understanding abdominal injuries via numerical methods, a 3D finite element model of a 50(th) percentile male human abdomen (WSUHAM) has been developed and validated against experimental data obtained from two sets of side impact tests and a series of frontal impact tests. The model includes a detailed representation of the liver, spleen, kidneys, spine, skin and major blood vessels. Hollow organs, such as the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, gallbladder, bile ducts, ureters, rectum and adrenal glands are grouped into three bodybags in order to provide realistic inertial properties and to maintain the position of the solid organs in their appropriate locations. Using direct connections, the model was joined superiorly to a partial model of the human thorax, and inferiorly to models of the human pelvis and the lower extremities that have been previously developed. Material properties for various tissues of the abdomen were derived from the literature. Data obtained in a series of cadaveric pendulum impact tests conducted at Wayne State University (WSU), a series of lateral drop tests conducted at Association Peugeot-Renault (APR) and a series of cadaveric lower abdomen frontal impact tests conducted at WSU were used to validate the model. Results predicted by the model match these experimental data for various impact speeds, impactor masses and drop heights. Further study is still needed in order to fully validate WSUHAM before it can be used to assess various impact loading conditions associated with vehicular crashes.

Variabilidad geográfica de las hospitalizaciones por infarto agudo al miocardio en Costa Rica

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Melvin Morera Salas

2014-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación muestra los patrones geográficos de las hospitalizaciones por infarto agudo al miocardio en el seguro público de salud de Costa Rica en el trienio 2010-2012. Para el análisis geográfico por área de salud se utiliza un modelo bayesiano jerárquico espacial. Se estiman razones estandarizadas suavizadas y, como medida de precisión, la probabilidad de que cada área de salud registre un riesgo de hospitalización estadísticamente diferente al promedio nacional. En la determinación de presencia de autocorrelación espacial se utiliza el indicador de la I de Moran. La amplitud entre las variaciones observadas se estima mediante la razón interpercentil (percentil 95/percentil 5 y el coeficiente de variación. La tasa bruta de hospitalizaciones es de 5,8 por 10 mil habitantes en hombres y 2,6 / 10 mil en mujeres. Se registra un rango de variación de más de dos veces en las hospitalizaciones entre las áreas con mayores y menores egresos. Se presenta un patrón de bajas tasas de hospitalizaciones por infarto agudo al miocardio en áreas de salud fuera del Área Metropolitana, donde se encuentran los hospitales nacionales de mayor complejidad. Este elemento podría estar asociado a dificultades en el acceso de los servicios de hospitalización.

Pharmacokinetics of a new subcutaneous diclofenac formulation administered to three body sites: quadriceps, gluteus, and abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Salomone, Salvatore; Piazza, Cateno; Vitale, Daniela Cristina; Cardì, Francesco; Gugliotta, Barbara; Drago, Filippo

2014-02-01

To assess the relative bioavailability of a new subcutaneous (SC) diclofenac hydroxypropyl b-cyclodextrin (HPbCD) formulation administered to three body sites: quadriceps, gluteus, and abdomen. This was a pilot, single-dose, randomized, three-way crossover relative bioavailability study. A total of 12 healthy subjects received a single SC injection of diclofenac HPbCD 50 mg/1 mL in the quadriceps, gluteus, or abdomen. The AUC was comparable after SC diclofenac HPbCD in the quadriceps, gluteus, and abdomen. The Cmax was comparable after SC administration in the quadriceps or abdomen, and ~ 17% higher in the gluteus. The absorption was rapid (30 minutes) after administration of the treatment at any site. The treatment was well tolerated. The relative bioavailability of SC diclofenac HPbCD was comparable when administered to the quadriceps, gluteus, and abdomen. The new diclofenac formulation can therefore be administered subcutaneously to any of these sites without clinically significant differences. A further adequately powered study would be necessary to reveal any differences among injection sites in terms of peak plasma concentration.

Tratamiento del adulto mayor con síndrome coronario agudo

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Carolina Pemberthy-López

2016-11-01

Full Text Available El adulto mayor se encuentra en una etapa de la vida con cambios fisiológicos importantes que posee repercusiones directas e indirectas sobre su estado clínico, es así como el enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico de sus patologías debe ser abordado desde una perspectiva diferente, con consideraciones especiales para este grupo poblacional. Lamentablemente, este grupo no ha sido bien representado en los diferentes estudios y por tanto, es mucho lo que desconocemos; su comportamiento y la eficacia de las distintas terapias no están bien establecidos. Teniendo de referencia el síndrome coronario agudo como principal causa de mortalidad en pacientes mayores de 65 años de edad, abordaremos esta entidad desde la evidencia que nos aportan algunos de los registros más importantes al respecto en adultos mayores.

Síndrome de abdomen en ciruela pasa y dextrocardia, asociación infrecuente

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Hermann Silva

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Se describe un neonato con Síndrome de abdomen en ciruela pasa, de sexo masculino, nacido de 36 semanas de gestación y pesó 3 650 g al nacer. El examen clínico mostró un neonato con un abdomen globuloso, con redundancia de la piel que huelga a los costados rebosantes, la palpación del abdomen no descubre la tonalidad muscular. No se palpa visceromegalia y hay presencia normal de ruidos hidroaéreos. El examen físico del tórax y cardiovascular fueron aparentemente normales. Normocéfalo y facies no peculiar. La radiografía de tórax muestra dextrocardía. La ecografía renal mostró dilatación pielocalicial. Revela además criptorquidia bilateral.

Surgically treated acute abdomen at Gondar University Hospital ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Conclusion: This study has shown what the commonest symptoms of acute abdomen are and that the outcome of emergency laparotomy may be affected by different factors. Some of these factors were duration of illness, age, presence of peritonitis, Haematocrit level and complication detection time. Since the management ...

Critical Structure for Telescopic Movement of Honey bee (Insecta: Apidae) Abdomen: Folded Intersegmental Membrane.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Jieliang; Yan, Shaoze; Wu, Jianing

2016-01-01

The folded intersegmental membrane is a structure that interconnects two adjacent abdominal segments; this structure is distributed in the segments of the honey bee abdomen. The morphology of the folded intersegmental membrane has already been documented. However, the ultrastructure of the intersegmental membrane and its assistive role in the telescopic movements of the honey bee abdomen are poorly understood. To explore the morphology and ultrastructure of the folded intersegmental membrane in the honey bee abdomen, frozen sections were analyzed under a scanning electron microscope. The intersegmental membrane between two adjacent terga has a Z-S configuration that greatly influences the daily physical activities of the honey bee abdomen. The dorsal intersegmental membrane is 2 times thicker than the ventral one, leading to asymmetric abdominal motion. Honey bee abdominal movements were recorded using a high-speed camera and through phase-contrast computed tomography. These movements conformed to the structural features of the folded intersegmental membrane. © The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America.

Roentogenologic diagnosis of an acute abdomen in children

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Oka, Makio; Chiba, Nobuyuki; Miyagi, Tetsuo (Kanagawa Children' s Medical Center, Yokohama (Japan))

1983-05-01

An acute abdomen is one of the main topics among emergency practice for children. We have experienced about 300 acute abdomen cases per year at our Children's Hospital since 1970. Radiological technologists provide a 24-hour emergency service using special knowledge and techniques in our radiological investigation. In the noenatal period esophageal atresia should be diagnosed by plain up-right film with a coiled-up rubber tube, and a contrast examination is contraindicated to prevent severe aspiration pneumonia. In the cases with intestinal atresia, the contrast examination is not necessary again, because the findings of plain film such as the distribution of air-filled intestinal loops, dilated bowel with air-fluid level gives us enough information for the diagnosis of these congenital anomalies. On the contrary, barium enema is useful and harmless for the neonatal age group. It is practical for diagnosing Hirschsprung's disease, midgut malrotation with volvulus, ileal and colonic atresia and necrotizing enterocolitis. An imperforate anus should be classified into the high and low type in the neonatal period to define the treatment. Invertogram is an only way for the differentiation of a baby without external fistula, and we have established the technique for this. The level is diagnosed by the relationship between the gas-filled rectal pouch and ischiac bone. In the infant group intussusception is the most common and urgent acute abdomen. We use a special device to fix the bady, dilute the barium with warm saline (to avoid water intoxication), limit the water pressure to within one meter, and avoid abdominal manipulation and longtime exposure. The successful reduction rate that our team has obtained is almost 85%.

Roentogenologic diagnosis of an acute abdomen in children

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oka, Makio; Chiba, Nobuyuki; Miyagi, Tetsuo

1983-01-01

An acute abdomen is one of the main topics among emergency practice for children. We have experiencing about 300 acute abdomen cases per year at our Children's Hospital since 1970. We radiological technologists provide a 24-hour emergency service using special knowledge and techniques in our radiological investigation. In the noenatal period esophageal atresia should be diagnosed by plain up-right film with a coiled-up rubber tube, and a contrast examination is contraindicated to prevent severe aspiration pneumonia. In the cases with intestinal atresia, the contrast examination is not necessary again, because the findings of plain film such as the distribution of air-filled intestinal loops, dilated bowel with air-fluid level gives us enough information for the diagnosis of these congenital anomalies. On the contrary, barium enema is useful and harmless for the neonatal age group. It is practical for diagnosing Hirschsprung's disease, midgut malrotation with volvulus, ileal and colonic atresia and necrotizing enterocolitis. An imperforate anus should be classified into the high and low type in the neonatal period to define the treatment. Invertogram is an only way for the differentiation of a baby without external fistula, and we have established the technique for this. The level is diagnosed by the relationship between the gas-filled rectal pouch and ischiac bone. In the infant group intussusception is the most common and urgent acute abdomen. We use a special device to fix the bady, dilute the barium with warm saline (to avoid water intoxication), limit the water pressure to within one meter, and avoid abdominal manipulation and longtime exposure. The successful reduction rate that our team has obtained is almost 85 %. (author)

Detection of Hyperechoic Inflammatory Fatty Tissue during Transabdominal Ultrasonography: Diagnostic Role in Acute Abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Seong Jin; Lee, Hae Kyung; Yi, Bum Ha; Kim, Hyun Cheol

2005-01-01

To assess the incidence and diagnostic role of hyperechoic inflammatory fatty tissue (HIFT) in transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS) for acute abdomen. With TAUS, we examined 98 consecutive patients (68 women, 30 men: mean age, 32 years: age range, 4-84 years) having acute abdominal pain. We examined the abdomen and pelvis by TAUS to determine the cause of acute abdomen, to check for the presence of HIFT, and to investigate whether it was easier and earlier to find the main cause and HIFT presence. We also prospectively evaluated the shape, distribution, and diagnostic role of HIFT. Final diagnoses consisted of 47 cases of acute appendicitis, 14 of enterocolitis, 13 of PID, 7 of gynecological hemoperitoneum, 5 of colonic diverticulitis, 3 of ovarian torsion, 2 of colon perforation, 2 of only presence of non-specific HIFT, 1 of mesenteric lymphadenitis, and 4 of normal. HIFT were seen in 67 patients (68.4%), including 44/47(93.6%) of acute appendicitis, 2/14(14.3%) of enterocolitis, 11/13(84.6%) of PID, 0/7 of hemoperitoneum, 5/5 of colonic diverticulitis, 0/3 of ovarian torsion, 2/2 of colon perforation, and 1/1 mesenteric lymphadenitis. HIFT were detected earlier than the main cause in 17/44 of acute appendicitis, 6/11 of PID, and 4/5 of colonic diverticulitis. In acute appendicitis, the shape of HIFT appeared as fat thickening along the mesoappendix in 12/44, fat thickening along the mesoappendix and the opposite side in 13/44, fat encircled appendix in 6/44, fatty mass wrapping abscess in 10/44, and diffuse intraperitoneal fat thickening in 3/44. In PID, HIFT appeared as a single fatty mass in the pelvis and lower abdomen in 6/11, wrapping pelvic abscess in 2/11, and multiple fatty masses scattered in abdomen and pelvis in 3/11. In colonic diverticulitis, all 5 cases appeared as hyperechoic hemispheric mass covering the inflamed diverticulum. HIFT are a usual US finding in patients with acute abdomen, particularly on abdominal and pelvic inflammatory conditions

Frequency, pattern and management of acute abdomen in dengue fever in Karachi, Pakistan.

Science.gov (United States)

Shamim, Muhammad

2010-07-01

This study aimed to determine the frequency, pattern and management of acute abdomen in patients with dengue fever. This descriptive case series is a prospective analysis of acute abdomen in dengue fever that was performed at three secondary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan from June 1, 2005 to December 31, 2008. The inclusion criterion was all patients with confirmed diagnosis of dengue fever. Patients with incomplete laboratory, ultrasound or histopathology data were excluded. Among 357 patients with dengue fever, 43 (12.04%) had acute abdomen. There were 15 men and 28 women, with a median age of 29 years. These included 26 cases of acute cholecystitis, 7 cases of acute appendicitis, 7 cases of nonspecific peritonitis, and 3 cases of acute pancreatitis. Dengue hemorrhagic fever/shock syndrome was found in acute pancreatitis, and two of these patients died. Emergency surgery was required in eight patients (5 appendectomy and 3 open cholecystectomy). Substantial transfusion of blood and its components was required in eight patients who underwent emergency surgery. Early diagnosis and prompt conservative management of dengue acute abdomen is necessary to avoid mortality and emergency surgery-related morbidity. However, if needed, surgery can be performed with acceptable morbidity. Copyright © 2010 Asian Surgical Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Treatment of the complex abdomen and acute intestinal failure

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Vries, F.E.E.

2018-01-01

Management of the complex abdomen and acute intestinal failure (IF) is challenging and requires specialized multidisciplinary treatment. Due to the small numbers and heterogeneity of the patient group high-quality evidence for some of the research questions is probably unachievable. Nevertheless,

Burst abdomen in pregnancy: A proposed management algorithm ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Management of the burst abdomen is complex due to the co-morbidities associated with it. When coupled with intraabdominal sepsis and pregnancy, it becomes even more difficult due to the ethical issues that have to be considered when managing both mother and child. Due to the paucity of literature on this subject, ...

Frequency, Pattern and Management of Acute Abdomen in Dengue Fever in Karachi, Pakistan

OpenAIRE

Muhammad Shamim

2010-01-01

This study aimed to determine the frequency, pattern and management of acute abdomen in patients with dengue fever. Methods: This descriptive case series is a prospective analysis of acute abdomen in dengue fever that was performed at three secondary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan from June 1, 2005 to December 31, 2008. The inclusion criterion was all patients with confirmed diagnosis of dengue fever. Patients with incomplete laboratory, ultrasound or histopathology data were excluded...

O problema do trabalho infantil na agricultura familiar: o caso da produção de tabaco em Agudo-RS

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Joel Orlando Bevilaqua Marin

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do artigo é analisar a emergência do problema do trabalho infantil no cultivo de tabaco em Agudo, desencadeado pela promulgação do Decreto n. 6.481/2008, que trata das piores formas de trabalho infantil. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram a revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e um estudo de caso, realizado no município de Agudo, Rio Grande do Sul. No estudo de caso, procurou-se obter dados quantitativos e qualitativos, por meio de questionários e entrevistas abertas, dirigidos para 27 agricultores familiares fumicultores, com filhos com menos de 18 anos de idade. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam a existência de um confronto entre diferentes concepções sobre o trabalho da criança no âmbito da agricultura familiar. Os dispositivos legais, os termos de compromissos e os contratos de integração na cadeia produtiva do fumo proíbem o trabalho de menores de 18 anos, fundamentando-se nos princípios internacionais da garantia do pleno desenvolvimento das crianças. Na perspectiva das famílias, o trabalho das crianças é entendido como "ajuda", forma de socialização e formação dos herdeiros. Portanto, os pais não concordam que se trata de uma forma perversa de exploração do trabalho dos próprios filhos.The aim of this paper is to analyze the emergence of the child labor problem in tobacco growing in Agudo (Rio Grande do Sul state, triggered by the promulgation of Act 6.481/2008, which addresses the worst child labor conditions. The methodological procedures used were the literature review, desk research and a case study, conducted in the municipality of Agudo. In the case study, we have tried to obtain quantitative and qualitative data through questionnaires and open interviews directed to 27 tobacco growers, and with teenagers and children under 18 years old. The survey results indicate the existence of a clash between different conceptions of child labor in small scale family farmers. The legal

Gossypiboma of the Abdomen and Pelvis; A Recurring Error

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Moi Hospital, Voi, Kenya. Correspondence to: Dr. Gilbert Maranya, P.O Box 91066-80103 Mombasa, Kenya. Email: gilbertmaranya@gmail.com. CASE SERIES. Abstract. Introduction: Gossypiboma is a retained surgical sponge commonly in the abdomen and pelvis. Risk factors include emergency and prolonged surgery.

ANALISIS COSTE-EFECTIVIDAD DE DISTINTOS MÉTODOS DE DIAGNÓSTICO POR IMAGEN DEL TROMBOEMBOLISMO PULMONAR AGUDO

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Stella Maris Batallés

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La técnica diagnóstica óptima para detectar tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo (TEP continúa en discusión. La gammagrafía pulmonar de ventilación/perfusión ha sido el examen preferido durante décadas, pero con el advenimiento de nuevas pruebas de imágenes las posibilidades diagnósticas se ampliaron, siendo necesario evaluarlas desde la perspectiva del coste y de la efectividad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar distintos métodos de diagnóstico por imagen para detectar TEP agudo para determinar el más coste-efectivo. Métodos. Análisis de coste-efectividad (CE empleando un árbol de decisiones para modelar distintas pruebas (centellograma V/Q, TC helicoidal, angiografía por tomografía computada multidetector (TCMD, resonancia magnética por imágenes (RMI y arteriografía convencional. Se obtuvieron valores de sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo (VPP y negativo (VPN de las pruebas diagnósticas. Resultado medido: "caso detectado de TEP". Los costes evaluados fueron los directos, expresados en euros (t, incluyendo los secundarios a las complicaciones de los métodos diagnósticos. Se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad de una vía para evaluar la robustez de las conclusiones. Resultados. No se eliminaron pruebas por dominancia extendida. La tasa cruda de CE para TCMD fue de 486 t por cada caso de TEP detectado. El coste marginal entre la TC helicoidal y el centellograma V/Q fue de 103 t para detectar 8 casos adicionales de TEP, mientras que el coste marginal entre la TCMD y la TC helicoidal fue de 229 t para detectar un caso adicional de TEP. Conclusiones. La prueba diagnóstica más coste-efectiva fue la TCMD, hallazgo que mostró robustez en el análisis de sensibilidad. Sin embargo, el análisis de C-E incremental nos mostró que la TCMD costó 229 t más respeto a la TC helicoidal para lograr una mínima mejora en la efectividad de la prueba (detección de TEP agudo. El alto valor predictivo negativo de

Synthesis of a posterior indicator protein in normal embryos and double abdomens of Smittia sp. (Chironomidae, Diptera).

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Jäckle, H; Kalthoff, K

1980-01-01

In embryos of the chironomid midge Smittia, synthesis of a posterior indicator protein designated PI1 (Mr approximately 50,000; pI approximately 5.5) forecasts development of an abdomen as opposed to head and thorax. The protein is synthesized several hours before germ anlage formation. In normal embryos at early blastoderm stages, synthesis of PI1 is restricted to posterior embryonic fragments but not to pole cells. In "double-abdomen" embryos, a mirror-image duplication of the abdomen is formed by cells that would otherwise develop into head and thorax. Embryos were programmed for double-abdomen development by UV irradiation of the anterior pole, and half of them were reprogrammed for normal development by subsequent exposure to visible light (photoreversal). Correspondingly, PI1 was synthesized in anterior fragments of UV-irradiated embryos but not after photoreversal. In a control experiment, UV irradiation of the posterior pole caused neither double-abdomen formation nor PI1 synthesis in anterior fragments. The identity of PI1 formed in anterior fragments of prospective double abdomens with the protein found in posterior fragments was revealed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and limited proteolysis. Suppression of PI1 synthesis in anterior fragments of normal embryos is ascribed to the activity of cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles thought to act as anterior determinants. Images PMID:6935679

Nutritional management of a patient with an open abdomen

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2014-08-14

Aug 14, 2014 ... Keywords: nutritional, management, open abdomen. Introduction ... lower than required energy intake (25 kCal/kg), and increasing it to target over the ..... Trauma and surgery lead to an intense inflammatory response and possible ... state, characterised by muscle breakdown, acute protein malnutrition ...

Acute abdomen: An unusual presentation of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection

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George I

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Varied clinical presentations of Penicillium marneffei , an opportunistic pathogen in HIV disease has been rarely described in literature. We report a patient with advanced AIDS who presented to us with prolonged fever and had features of an acute abdomen. On radiologic imaging he had features of intestinal obstruction and mesenteric lymphadenitis. A diagnosis was made possible by endoscopic biopsies of the small bowel and bone marrow culture which grew P . Marneffei . He was treated with intravenous amphotericin for 2 weeks followed by oral itraconazole. This case is reported for its rarity and unusual presentation and to sensitise clinicians and microbiologists to consider this as an aetiology in patients with advanced HIV/AIDS who present with acute abdomen, more so in patients from a distinct geographic region - South-East Asia

Acute abdomen: an unusual presentation of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection.

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George, I A; Sudarsanam, T D; Pulimood, A B; Mathews, M S

2008-01-01

Varied clinical presentations of Penicillium marneffei, an opportunistic pathogen in HIV disease has been rarely described in literature. We report a patient with advanced AIDS who presented to us with prolonged fever and had features of an acute abdomen. On radiologic imaging he had features of intestinal obstruction and mesenteric lymphadenitis. A diagnosis was made possible by endoscopic biopsies of the small bowel and bone marrow culture which grew P. Marneffei. He was treated with intravenous amphotericin for 2 weeks followed by oral itraconazole. This case is reported for its rarity and unusual presentation and to sensitise clinicians and microbiologists to consider this as an aetiology in patients with advanced HIV/AIDS who present with acute abdomen, more so in patients from a distinct geographic region--South-East Asia.

Gross anatomy of superficial fascia and future localised fat deposit areas of the abdomen in foetus

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Pramod Kumar

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background: The development and popularity of body contouring procedures such as liposuction and abdominoplasty has renewed interest in the anatomy of the superficial fascia and subcutaneous fat deposits of the abdomen. The study of anatomy of fascia and fetal adipose tissue was proposed as it may be of value in understanding the possible programing of prevention of obesity. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to understand the gross anatomy of superficial fascia of abdomen and to study the gross anatomy of future localized fat deposits (LFDs area of abdomen in fetus. Materials and Methods: Four fetus (two male & two female of four month of intrauterine life were dissected. Attachments & layers of superficial fascia and future subcutaneous fat deposit area of upper and lower abdomen were noted. Results: Superficial fascia of the abdomen was multi layered in mid line and number of layers reduced laterally as in adult. The future abdominal LFD (localized fat deposits area in fetus shows brownish-white blubbary tissue without well-defined adult fat lobules. Conclusion: The attachment and gross anatomy of superficial fascia of the fetus was similar to that in adults. The future LFD areas showed brownish white blubbary tissue with ill-defined fat lobules.

Fisiopatología del dolor agudo: alteraciones cardiovasculares, respiratorias y de otros sistemas y órganos

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Pérez-Castañeda Jorge, Tania

2012-01-01

Introducción: El dolor agudo constituye una compleja constelación de experiencias sensoriales y emocionales, relacionadas con respuestas autónomas producidas por daño a estructuras somáticas o viscerales. Las vías del dolor transmiten la información nociceptiva a través del sistema nervioso periférico y central y están plenamente integradas con el sistema motor y simpático a nivel medular y de los centros nerviosos superiores y dan lugar a actividad motora refleja, hiperactividad simpática y ...

The role of US examination in the management of acute abdomen.

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Mazzei, Maria Antonietta; Guerrini, Susanna; Cioffi Squitieri, Nevada; Cagini, Lucio; Macarini, Luca; Coppolino, Francesco; Giganti, Melchiore; Volterrani, Luca

2013-07-15

Acute abdomen is a medical emergency, in which there is sudden and severe pain in abdomen of recent onset with accompanying signs and symptoms that focus on an abdominal involvement. It can represent a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from a benign and self-limiting disease to a surgical emergency. Nevertheless, only one quarter of patients who have previously been classified with an acute abdomen actually receive surgical treatment, so the clinical dilemma is if the patients need surgical treatment or not and, furthermore, in which cases the surgical option needs to be urgently adopted. Due to this reason a thorough and logical approach to the diagnosis of abdominal pain is necessary. Some Authors assert that the location of pain is a useful starting point and will guide a further evaluation. However some causes are more frequent in the paediatric population (like appendicitis or adenomesenteritis) or are strictly related to the gender (i.e. gynaechologic causes). It is also important to consider special populations such as the elderly or oncologic patients, who may present with atypical symptoms of a disease. These considerations also reflect a different diagnostic approach. Today, surely the integrated imaging, and in particular the use of multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) has revolutionised the clinical approach to this condition, simplyfing the diagnosis but burdening the radiologists with the problems related to the clinical management. However although CT emerging as a modality of choice for evaluation of the acute abdomen, ultrasonography (US) remains the primary imaging technique in the majority of cases, especially in young and female patients, when the limitation of the radiation exposure should be mandatory, limiting the use of CT in cases of nondiagnostic US and in all cases where there is a discrepancy between the clinical symptoms and negative imaging at US.

CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL SÍNDROME CORONARIO AGUDO SIN ELEVACIÓN DEL ST EN EL CENTRO DIAGNÓSTICO INTEGRAL

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Rider Piñeiro López

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Resumen Introducción y objetivos: El síndrome coronario agudo presenta una elevada incidencia en el cuadro de morbilidad y mortalidad de los países del mundo desarrollado. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la morbilidad por síndrome coronario agudo y su relación con algunas variables. Método: Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, observacional, descriptivo, en 30 pacientes con el diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del ST, atendidos en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva del Centro Diagnóstico Integral “José Gregorio Hernández”, municipio Ortiz, estado Guárico, República Bolivariana de Venezuela; en el período del 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2007. Resultados: La angina inestable fue la enfermedad más frecuente (80,0 % en estos pacientes. Predominaron los mayores de 49 años (80 %, del sexo femenino (63,3 %, color negro de piel, procedencia urbana y escolaridad secundaria. El tabaquismo constituyó el factor de riesgo más frecuente (56,6 %, seguido de hipertensión arterial (43,3 % y obesidad (26,6 %. Las arritmias y el fallo de bomba fueron frecuentes en pacientes con infarto; el dolor precordial mantenido, en enfermos con angina inestable. Hubo un fallecido por infarto agudo de miocardio, con más de sesenta años y menos de tres días de estadía. Conclusiones: Predominó la angina inestable, y los factores de riesgo más frecuentemente asociados, fueron la hipertensión arterial y el hábito de fumar. Abstract Introduction and objectives: Acute coronary syndrome has a high impact on morbidity and mortality rates of the developed world. The objective of this research was to determine the morbidity for acute coronary syndrome and its relation to some variables. Method: An epidemiological, observational, descriptive study was performed in 30 patients with the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation, treated at the Intensive Care Unit of the Integral Diagnostic Center "Jos

Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa on the legs and abdomen with morbid obesity in an Indian lady.

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Sarma, Podila S; Ghorpade, Ashok

2008-12-15

Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa (ENV) of the legs and abdomen in a morbidly obese woman with multiple medical problems is reported. The diagnosis was suggested by the classical clinical features and confirmed by histopathology. The patient succumbed due to her multisystem diseases. Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa involving the abdomen is uncommon and has been reported only five times in the past.

Causes and Clinical Outcomes in Neonates with Acute Abdomen ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Causes and Clinical Outcomes in Neonates with Acute Abdomen Requiring Surgery at ... Neonatal surgery is challenging, particularly in the emergency setting whereby ... Other causes included peritonitis (6.9%) and abdominal wall defects (4.7%). ... accounting for 13 cases (30.2%) and mortality was 34.9 % ( 15 neonates).

Well differentiated papillary mesothelioma of abdomen- a rare case with diagnostic dilemma.

Science.gov (United States)

Saha, Aniruddha; Mandal, Palash Kumar; Manna, Anupam; Khan, Kalyan; Pal, Subrata

2018-01-01

Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma is a rare tumor occurring predominantly in the peritoneum of young women, a few with history of asbestos exposure. A 28-year-old woman presented with ascites and pain abdomen. Ultrasonography and computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed a mass in the retroperitoneum measuring 15 cm × 12 cm. Histopathological examination along with immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed it to be a papillary mesothelioma in the peritoneum. It is difficult to differentiate from more common malignant mesothelioma and papillary adenocarcinoma, which also have poorer prognosis. The difficulty can be resolved by clinico-radiological correlation along with histopathological examination and IHC.

Acute Abdomen in Diabetic Patients – Analysis of Complications and Mortality

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Dejeu Dănuț

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Background and Aims. We aimed to analyze the complications and mortality of acute abdomen cases in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients. Materials and Method. This observational, retrospective, cohort study was conducted between 2008 - 2011, on a total of 4021 cases with acute abdomen admitted to the Surgical Ward I of the Clinical County Emergency Hospital Oradea. Of these, 488 were diabetic patients and 3533 non-diabetics. Results. Women represented the majority in both groups (62.24% respectively 58.40%. Entero-mesenteric infarction and acute pancreatitis were more common in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetics. Peritonitis was more frequent in non-diabetics, with statistically significant difference (p = 0.0003. In diabetic patients the postoperative morbidity was 36.27%, significantly higher than in non-diabetic patients (14.43%. The mortality was significantly higher in diabetic patients than in nondiabetics (9.84% vs. 5.38%. Average length of stay in Surgical Ward I is 3.8 days. For non-diabetic patients, mean hospitalization for acute abdomen was 5.1 days, and for diabetics 7.8 days. Conclusions. This study showed important differences between diabetics and non-diabetic patients in the clinical evolution, complications, mortality and length of hospitalization.

Role of inflammatory markers as predictors of laparotomy in patients presenting with acute abdomen.

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Dias, Brendan H; Rozario, Anthony P; Olakkengil, Santosh A

2015-10-01

There is a need for an ideal indicator of surgery in patients presenting with acute abdomen. Several markers have been analysed, but the search still continues as none have proven effective. This study aimed to analyse and compare the predictive value of plasma procalcitonin (PCT) strip test in patients presenting with acute abdomen and identify a useful cut-off value to differentiate patients that would benefit with surgery from those that require conservative management. A prospective study was conducted in the department of general surgery from June 2012 to June 2013. Plasma PCT was estimated by the semi-quantitative strip test. The levels of plasma PCT and other routinely used markers of inflammation were analysed and compared. Of the total of 58 patients, 44 patients (76%) were men with a mean age of 45 years. Forty patients required emergency surgical intervention. A plasma PCT value of >0.5 ng/mL at admission was 80% sensitive and 100% specific for predicting need for antibiotics in patients with acute abdomen that were managed conservatively. The mean plasma PCT value in the patients undergoing surgery (5.0-10.0 ng/mL) was significantly more than in those managed conservatively (0.5-2.0 ng/mL). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves a cut-off for plasma PCT of >5.0 ng/mL was 75% sensitive and 100% specific for considering surgical intervention in patients presenting with acute abdomen. Plasma PCT (value >5 ng/mL) could be used as an adjunct to clinical examination to predict requirement of surgery in patients presenting with acute abdomen. © 2015 Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.

Acute abdomen and ascites as presenting features of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Chaudhary, Sanjay; Qian, Qi

2012-12-27

We describe a patient with sudden onset of abdominal pain and ascites, leading to the diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Her presentation was consistent with acute liver cyst rupture as the cause of her acute illness. A review of literature on polycystic liver disease in patients with ADPKD and current management strategies are presented. This case alerts physicians that ADPKD could occasionally present as an acute abdomen; cyst rupture related to ADPKD may be considered in the differential diagnoses of acute abdomen.

Chilaiditi's syndrome as an acute abdomen | Jambo | Port Harcourt ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The interposed loop of bowel reduced spontaneously following conservative management. Conclusion: As Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare disease entity, a high index of suspicion is required to make an accurate diagnosis. It should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of an acute abdomen. Keywords: Acute ...

Impalement Injury to the Abdomen: Report of a Case

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2017-10-26

Oct 26, 2017 ... is even more demanding in environments where health-care personnel, facilities for emergency care, and communications infrastructure are absent or poorly funded and equipped. The primary objective of ... palm tree and got impaled through his lower abdomen on a sharp, freshly cut branch of a tree.

Diagnóstico automático del síndrome coronario agudo utilizando un sistema multiagente basado en redes neuronales

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John Jaime Sprockel Díaz

2017-05-01

Conclusiones: Es posible desarrollar una herramienta para el diagnóstico automático del síndrome coronario agudo a partir de un sistema multiagente que ensamble la disposición tomada por un conjunto de redes neuronales artificiales, cuyo rendimiento permite su consideración para su implementación dentro de un sistema de soporte a las decisiones clínicas.

Underdiagnosis of Vertebral Collapse on Routine Multidetector Computed Tomography Scan of the Abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Obaid, H.; Husamaldin, Z.; Bhatt, R.

2008-01-01

Background: Vertebral fractures are commonly associated with osteoporosis and have significant morbidity and mortality rates. Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are presently considered as a treatable and preventable condition, and early detection is vital for further management. The evaluation of vertebral compression on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scans of the abdomen has, to our knowledge, not been reported before. Purpose: To assess the prevalence of vertebral collapse on routine abdominal CT scans, and to evaluate the usefulness of the multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) capability of MDCT scans in accurately identifying vertebral abnormalities such as vertebral collapse, spondylolisthesis, and retrolisthesis. Material and Methods: A retrospective review of 307 MDCT scans of the abdomen was carried out at a university teaching hospital. Identifiable patient information was anonymized for data protection. All images were reviewed on a picture archiving and communications system (PACS) using sagittal MPR and bone window for the assessment of the vertebrae. Data were collected from the Computerized Radiology Information System (CRIS). Results: Vertebral collapse was seen in 42 (13.6%) of the 307 patients undergoing routine MDCT of the abdomen. Multilevel and single-level collapses were seen in 24 and 18 patients, respectively. Spondylolisthesis was identified in 5.5% (n=17), and retrolisthesis was seen in 0.6% (n=2). All patients with vertebral fracture were older than 50 years. Women were more commonly affected than men. Conclusion: A significant number of patients with vertebral collapse were diagnosed using MPR on MDCT routine scans of the abdomen

Acute abdomen. Clinical background and demands on imaging; Akutes Abdomen. Klinische Begriffsbestimmung und Anforderungen an die Bildgebung

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Graeb, C.; Jauch, K.W. [Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Campus Grosshadern, Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Chirurgie, Muenchen (Germany); Reiser, M.; Graser, A. [Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Campus Grosshadern, Institut fuer Klinische Radiologie, Muenchen (Germany)

2010-03-15

The term ''acute abdomen'' does not describe a specific disease entity but is more a critical clinical state which incorporates very heterogeneous clinical presentations. The prognosis of any disease depends on the time frame from the onset of symptoms to the initiation of a specific therapy. For this reason there are special expectations by clinicians regarding the diagnostic assessment provided by radiology which is expected to deliver an immediate diagnosis supporting further therapeutic decisions. Along with the patient's clinical history, physical examination and blood tests, radiological diagnostics are essential for enabling a specific treatment. From a surgical point of view the radiologist is expected to help in differentiating between cases with indications for emergency surgery and cases eligible for elective surgery or conservative treatment. (orig.) [German] Der Begriff ''akutes Abdomen'' stellt keine eigenstaendige Erkrankung dar, sondern beschreibt einen kritischen klinischen Zustand, unter dessen Oberbegriff sich die unterschiedlichsten Krankheitsbilder subsumieren lassen. Das Zeitintervall zwischen dem Auftreten der ersten Symptome bis zur Einleitung einer gezielten Therapie ist fuer die Prognose der Patienten der entscheidende Faktor. Aus diesem Grund bestehen besondere Anforderungen an die bildgebende Diagnostik, die dazu beitragen soll, innerhalb kuerzester Zeit eine moeglichst genaue Diagnose zu stellen. Neben Anamnese, klinischer Untersuchung und Labordiagnostik stellt die radiologische Untersuchung einen wesentlichen Baustein vor der Therapieeinleitung dar. Aus chirurgischer Sicht muessen Krankheitsbilder, die eine sofortige Notfalloperation erforderlich machen, von Erkrankungen differenziert werden, die eine elektive Chirurgie oder ein konservatives Vorgehen indizieren. (orig.)

ESTRUTURA E VÍNCULOS DE UMA FAMÍLIA APÓS INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO

OpenAIRE

Garcia, Raquel Pötter; Budó, Maria de Lourdes Denardin; Viegas, Aline da Costa; Cardoso, Daniela Habekost; Schwartz, Eda; Muniz, Rosani Manfrin

2015-01-01

Introdução: Conhecer os vínculos e a estrutura de uma família após episódio de Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio. Materiais e Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória que representa um estudo de caso desenvolvido com uma das famílias participantes. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de fevereiro a maio de 2012, por meio de observação no domicílio e entrevista com construção do genograma e ecomapa. A intensidade dos vínculos foi definida pela família conforme legenda do ecomapa. Resultados e Di...

Management of the open abdomen: clinical recommendations for the trauma/acute care surgeon and general surgeon.

Science.gov (United States)

Fernández, Luis G

2016-09-01

Traditionally, the surgical approach to managing abdominal injuries was to assess the extent of trauma, repair any damage and close the abdomen in one definitive procedure rather than leave the abdomen open. With advances in medicine, damage control surgery using temporary abdominal closure methods is being used to manage the open abdomen (OA) when closure is not possible. Although OA management is often observed in traumatic injuries, the extension of damage control surgery concepts, in conjunction with OA, for the management of the septic patient requires that the general surgeon who is faced with these challenges has a comprehensive knowledge of this complex subject. The purpose of this article is to provide guidance to the acute care and general surgeon on the use of OA negative pressure therapy (OA-NPT; ABTHERA™ Open Abdomen Negative Pressure Therapy System, KCI, an ACELITY Company, San Antonio, TX) for OA management. A literature review of published evidence, clinical recommendations on managing the OA and a case study demonstrating OA management using OA-NPT have been included. © 2016 Medicalhelplines.com Inc and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON BLUNT INJURY ABDOMEN

OpenAIRE

Kopperundevi; Jagadeesan; Kiruthiga

2016-01-01

Blunt injury abdomen is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in all age groups. Blunt trauma differs from penetrating trauma as different organs are characteristically injured by compression from blunt straining. A total of 53 cases of blunt trauma were studied in this study for the period of 1 year. In this study, commonest cause for blunt abdominal trauma was road traffic accident. The maximum incidence was noted in 20-40 middle age group of which 90% male patients were ...

Guillain-Barre Syndrome Presenting as Acute Abdomen

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Faruk incecik

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Guillain-Barr and eacute; syndrome (GBS is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in childhood. Symmetric weakness, headache, respiratory symptom, neuropathic pain, muscle pain, paresthesia, and facial palsy were the most common clinical presentations. We report 13-year-old boy with GBS who presented with acute abdominal pain. This is the first report, to our knowledge, first presented of acute abdomen of a pediatric patient with GBS. [Cukurova Med J 2015; 40(3.000: 601-603

Damage control surgery by keeping the abdomen open during pregnancy: favorable outcome, a case report

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Marty François

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Acute abdomen in advanced pregnancy is one of the most challenging surgical situations. In life-threatening situations, despite optimal management, foetus distress and preterm delivery may occur. Although laparostomy is a useful treatment of abdominal sepsis, its successful management has not been reported previously in pregnant women. Case 30-year-old woman at 23 week of pregnancy was investigated for non-specific abdominal pain. Surgical exploration revealed extensive ischemic bowel necrosis. Multiple segmental resections were performed and abdomen was left open with vacuum assisted dressing, maintained for 48 hours. At the third surgical look the continuity was restored and abdominal wall closed. The foetal condition stayed unperturbed under pharmacologic tocolysis. Pregnancy was carried to full term delivery. Conclusion Open abdomen strategy can be successfully applied in pregnant woman.

Manejo do paciente com infarto agudo do miocárdio atendido no SUS

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Emerson de Albuquerque Seixas

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Introdução: O Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio (IAM é causado pela interrupção do fluxo sanguíneo nas artérias coronárias que irrigam o miocárdio. Trata-se de um evento com alta prevalência, que necessita de internação hospitalar e rápido tratamento. Objetivos: Descrever um caso de IAM que recebeu terapia trombolítica incompleta e realizou angioplastia parcial; Metodologia: Relato de caso de paciente internado no Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba; Relato de Caso: SSA, 74anos, masculino, hipertenso e diabético há 20 anos, procurou o Pronto-Socorro na origem no dia 01/09/2015 com quadro de dor precordial intensa, após realização de esforço físico. Ao exame físico, apresentava-se taquicárdico (FC:150bpm e hipertenso (PA:230X120mmHg.Foi realizado ECG, que evidenciou supradesnivelamento do segmento ST em parede anterior extensa (de V1 a V5,DI e aVL. Foi optado pelo tratamento com agente trombolítico, porém o local só dispunha de metade da dose recomendada. Então foi transferido para o Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba, onde foi optado por não realizar o restante da medicação. Cateterismo cardíaco realizado somente 14 dias depois, evidenciando 4 lesões. Realizada uma angioplastia com implante de apenas 2 stents. Foi solicitado nova angioplastia, que foi negada. Recebeu alta e atualmente aguarda a liberação do procedimento via ambulatorial, com quadro de angina estável. Conclusões: O relato reforça a necessidade da melhoria das condições de atendimento e tratamento de pacientes vítimas de infarto agudo do miocárdio no SUS.

Acute abdomen due to primary omental torsion: case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Tsironis, Apostolos; Zikos, Nikolaos; Bali, Christina; Pappas-Gogos, George; Koulas, Spiridon; Katsamakis, Nikolaos

2013-01-01

Primary torsion of the greater omentum is an uncommon cause of acute abdominal pain that mainly affects adults in their fourth or fifth decade. It was first described by Eitel in 1899. Since then, more than 300 cases have been reported in the published literature. Clinical presentation and imaging findings are often of limited value in the diagnosis of primary omental torsion (POT). The patients usually undergo laparotomy for "acute appendicitis" or acute abdomen of poorly defined origin. To provide a detailed description of this rare cause of acute abdomen. We report a case of POT in a woman of reproductive age and discuss contemporary methods in diagnosis and management of the condition. Nowadays, laparoscopy is a safe and effective approach for the diagnosis and management of POT, with the advantages of reduced postoperative pain and hospital stay. Conservative management has also been advocated by some authors in selected patients with a preoperative diagnosis of POT based on computed tomography findings. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Estimation of breast dose and cancer risk in chest and abdomen CT procedures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eltahir, Suha Abubaker Ali

2013-05-01

The use of CT in medical diagnosis delivers radiation doses to patents that are higher than those from other radiological procedures. Lack of optimized protocols be an additional source of increased dose in developing countries. The aims of this study are first, to measure patient doses during CT chest and abdomen procedures, second, to estimate the radiation dose to the breast, and third to quantify the radiation risks during the procedures. Patient doses from two common CT examinations were obtained from four hospitals in Khartoum.The patient doses were estimated using measurement of CT dose indexes (CTDI), exposure-related parameters, and the IMPACT spreadsheet based on NRPB conversion factors. A large variation of mean organ doses among hospitals was observed for similar CT examinations. These variations largely originated from different CT scanning protocols used in different hospitals and scanner type. The largest range was found for CT of the chest, for which the dose varied from 2.3 to 47 (average 24.7) mSv and for abdomen CT, it was 1.6 to 18.8 (average 10.2) mSv. Radiation dose to the breast ranged from 1.6 to 32.9 mSv for the chest and 1.1 to 13.2 mSv for the abdomen. The radiation risk per procedure was high. The obtained values were mostly higher than the values of organ doses reported from the other studies. It was concluded that current clinical chest and abdomen protocols result in variable radiation doses to the breast. The magnitude of exposure may have implications for imaging strategies.(Author)

Accessory spleen presenting as acute abdomen: A case report and operative management

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A. Landmann

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Accessory spleens are found in 10–30% of patients and are asymptomatic. Rarely, torsion of an accessory spleen can cause abdominal pain and acute abdomen. We present the case of an 8-year-old girl who arrives to the emergency room with left upper quadrant abdominal pain. CT scan revealed a non-enhancing soft tissue mass and multiple small splenules. Laparoscopy revealed a torsed accessory spleen and malrotation. Accessory spleen is a common congenital anomaly that is frequently asymptomatic. Rarely, an accessory spleen may become torsed around its vascular pedicle resulting in severe abdominal pain. Treatment is surgical resection. Torsion of accessory splenic tissue is a rare cause of acute abdomen in pediatric patients.

Diagnostics of vascular diseases as a cause for acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Juchems, M.S.; Aschoff, A.J.

2010-01-01

Vascular pathologies are rare causes of an acute abdomen. If the cause is a vascular disease a rapid diagnosis is desired as vascular pathologies are associated with high mortality. A differentiation must be made between arterial and venous diseases. An occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery is the most common reason for acute mesenteric ischemia but intra-abdominal arterial bleeding is also of great importance. Venous pathologies include thrombotic occlusion of the portal vein, the mesenteric vein and the vena cava. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) is predestined for the diagnostics of vascular diseases of the abdomen. Using multiphasic contrast protocols enables reliable imaging of the arterial and venous vessel tree and detection of disorders with high sensitivity and specificity. Although conventional angiography has been almost completely replaced by MDCT as a diagnostic tool, it is still of high importance for minimally invasive interventions, for example in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding. (orig.) [de

Septic Arthritis of The Hip Joint presenting as Acute Abdomen ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

These cases illustrate the maxim that any painful movement of the hip joint with associated unexplained fever should raise suspicion of septic arthritis. The close relationship of the hip joint to the pelvis sometimes confuses hip diseases with pelvic pathologies. Key Words: Septic arthritis, acute abdomen, pathological ...

Investigación de vectores y reservorios en brote de Chagas agudo por posible transmisión oral en Aguachica, Cesar, Colombia

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Hugo Soto

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Colombia tiene un registro de 11 casos de Chagas agudo y 80 casos por contaminación oral con Trypanosoma cruzi. Este trabajo analiza los hallazgos entomológicos y parasitológicos del brote de Aguachica, Cesar, en 2010. Un grupo interdisciplinario de profesionales de la salud y de universidades regionales realizó las pruebas de laboratorio a los pacientes y el estudio del foco de transmisión. Se detectaron 11 casos agudos de enfermedad de Chagas en una sola familia con vivienda sin triatominos domiciliados y, Rhodnius pallescens, Pantrongylus geniculatus, Eratyrus cuspidatus y dos Didelphis marsupialis infectados con T. cruzi en palmas de Attalea butyracea y Elaeis oleifera del área urbana de Aguachica. Se analiza la participación del R. pallescens y el rol de las palmas en el ciclo silvestre de T. cruzi y para la transmisión oral de la enfermedad de Chagas. Incursiones esporádicas de R. pallescens, P. geniculatus y E. cuspidatus silvestres desde palmas cercanas al domicilio humano pueden provocar brotes cada vez más frecuentes de Chagas oral.

Descripción de un brote de enfisema y edema pulmonar agudo del bovino (EPAB) en Parral (Chile)

OpenAIRE

H. URRUTIA; C. BREVIS; M. QUEZADA; S. DONOSO

1997-01-01

Se describe un brote de enfisema y edema alveolar agudo del bovino (EPAB) ocurrido en la zona centro-sur a fines del verano de 1995. Los animales Frisón negro, de aproximadamente 2 años de edad, fueron afectados después de cambiarse de una pradera fibrosa a una suculenta de alfalfa. La mortalidad por esta causa fue de un 23%. Las principales lesiones encontradas en la necropsia fueron enfisema y edema intersticial intenso del pulmón, lo cual fue corroborado histopatológicamente, encontrándose...

Descripción de un brote de enfisema y edema pulmonar agudo del bovino (EPAB) en Parral (Chile)

OpenAIRE

URRUTIA, H.; BREVIS, C.; QUEZADA, M.; DONOSO, S.

1997-01-01

Se describe un brote de enfisema y edema alveolar agudo del bovino (EPAB) ocurrido en la zona centro-sur a fines del verano de 1995. Los animales Frisón negro, de aproximadamente 2 años de edad, fueron afectados después de cambiarse de una pradera fibrosa a una suculenta de alfalfa. La mortalidad por esta causa fue de un 23%. Las principales lesiones encontradas en la necropsia fueron enfisema y edema intersticial intenso del pulmón, lo cual fue corroborado histopatológicamente, encontrándos...

Huge Mesenteric Lymphangioma – A Rare Cause of Acute Abdomen

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Lymphangiomas are benign congenital masses which occur most commonly in head and neck of children and incidence of mesenteric lymphangiomas is very rare. We report such a case of huge mesenteric lymphangioma in a 20 year old male who presented to us with acute abdomen. Pre-operative diagnosis is difficult ...

Hiperalimentação enteral em traumatismos crânio-encefálicos agudos reposição ou dietoterapia?

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Arthur Schelp

1992-06-01

Full Text Available Os autores apresentam revisão geral sobre a fisiopatogenia do trauma, ressaltando os estados de hipereatabolismo e hipermetabolismo, suas consequências nutricionais, com as particularidades do trauma encefálico. São feitas, também, considerações sobre as vias, composição e volumes das dietas enterais a serem administradas a pacientes com trauma agudo encefálico, assim como são apontadas questões a serem melhor elucidadas.

Clinical course of Crohn's disease first diagnosed at surgery for acute abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Latella, G; Cocco, A; Angelucci, E; Viscido, A; Bacci, S; Necozione, S; Caprilli, R

2009-04-01

The severity of clinical activity of Crohn's disease is high during the first year after diagnosis and decreases thereafter. Approximately 50% of patients require steroids and immunosuppressants and 75% need surgery during their lifetime. The clinical course of patients with Crohn's disease first diagnosed at surgery has never been investigated. To assess the clinical course of Crohn's disease first diagnosed at surgery for acute abdomen and to evaluate the need for medical and surgical treatment in this subset of patients. Hospital clinical records of 490 consecutive Crohn's disease patients were reviewed. Patients were classified according to the Vienna criteria. Sex, extraintestinal manifestations, family history of inflammatory bowel diseases, appendectomy, smoking habit and medical/surgical treatments performed during the follow-up period were assessed. Kaplan-Meier survival method and Cox proportional hazards regression model. Of the 490 Crohn's disease patients, 115 had diagnosis of Crohn's disease at surgery for acute abdomen (Group A) and 375 by conventional clinical, radiological, endoscopic and histologic criteria (Group B). Patients in Group A showed a low risk of further surgery (Log Rank test pacute abdomen showed a low risk for reintervention and less use of steroids and immunosuppressants during follow-up than those not operated upon at diagnosis. Early surgery may represent a valid approach in the initial management of patients with Crohn's disease, at least in the subset of patients with ileal and complicated disease.

Acute Abdomen: A Rare Presentation of Lung Cancer Metastasis

OpenAIRE

Guérin, E.; Gilbert, O.; Dequanter, D.

2009-01-01

Surgical emergencies caused by bowel metastases from carcinoma of the lung are very rare. We describe two cases of symptomatic gastrointestinal metastatic small cell carcinoma: the first one concerns a 69-year-old man with an acute abdomen and the second is a 72-year-old man complaining of a gastric ulcer symptoms. We also discuss the current management and the prognosis of these patients.

Acute Abdomen Due to Uncontrolled Use of Warfarin: Spontaneous Intra-abdominal

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Fatih Dal

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant, which is commonly used in the treatment and prophylaxis of thromboembolic conditions. Bleeding is the primary adverse effect associated with warfarin. The majority of warfarin-related bleedings are spontaneous minor hemorrhages occurring in the subcutaneous or intramuscular tissues and can be treated by decreasing the dose of oral anticoagulants. However, although rare, it is possible to encounter spontaneous major bleedings with increased risk of mortality. Conservative approach is the preferred initial therapy for hemodynamically stable patients with major intra-abdominal hemorrhages that we define as the intermediate group patients. Nevertheless, surgery is required for hemodynamically unstable patients with acute abdominal pain in cases of ongoing active hemorrhage, generalized peritonitis, obstruction, acute abdomen, intestinal ischemia, and perforation. In this article, we present a rare case of acute abdomen and spontaneous intra-abdominal hemorrhage resulting from uncontrolled use of warfarin and a new classification requirement.

Pattern and presentation of acute abdomen in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

Science.gov (United States)

Agboola, John Owoade; Olatoke, Samuel Adegboyega; Rahman, Ganiyu Abebisi

2014-05-01

Abdominal pain of sudden onset is the hallmark of most non-traumatic emergency surgical presentations. This presents a scenario of urgency to the young surgeon who has to determine which of a myriad of disease conditions the patient is presenting with. Such a physician has to rely on experience and a sound knowledge of the local aetiological spectrum in making a clinical diagnosis. To determine the epidemiology and aetiological spectrum of diseases presenting as acute abdomen in the adult population at the hospital surgical emergency unit. Two hundred and seventy-six patients presenting at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital emergency unit and managed by the general surgeons between 1(st) of May 2009 and 30(th) of April 2010 were recruited and followed-up throughout the period of admission. The biodata and clinical information inclusive of diagnosis, investigations, treatment modality and outcome were entered in a structured questioner. Standardised treatment was given to all patients and difficulties encountered in their management were also noted. The data collected was evaluated using SPSS16. Acute abdomen constituted 9.6% of total surgical emergency admissions with patients aged 16-45 years constituting 78.3%. The commonest cause of acute abdomen was appendicitis (30.3%) followed by intestinal obstruction (27.9%), perforated typhoid ileitis 14.9% and peptic ulcer disease (7.6%), respectively. The result from the study is similar to what has been reported in other tropical settings with inflammatory lesions being the major problem. There is also a rising incidence of post-operative adhesions and gradual decline in incidence of obstructed hernia.

Mapping of micro and Small branch of industrial enterprises located in the cities of Agudo and Silveira Martins – RS

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Carla Hartmann Sturm

2016-06-01

Full Text Available In the development of a country are the companies responsible for creating jobs, pay taxes and thus cause the economic and regional development. In Brazil, most of these institutions is made up of micro enterprises and small that often struggling to survive in the market. Therefore, it is necessary investments and public incentives to encourage their development making them competitive. In this sense, this article aims to develop a mapping of micro and small enterprises in the industrial sector in the cities of Agudo and Silveira Martins – Rio Grande do Sul (RS. For this, we used a descriptive research on the purposes and literature as to the means being prepared a questionnaire for collecting data from the sample studied. As results obtained ten micro companies and three small businesses were found in Agudo – RS, and the main industries are the timber industry and the manufacture of bakery products, influenced 65.5% of the employees of micro and small companies analyzed in the municipality. Already in Silveira Martins – RS were found seven micro and small enterprises, where six are classified as micro company and only one as small business. It was found also that the main industrial branch is the timber sector (six companies, in which 96% of employees work in any activity related to wood processing.

Laparostomy management using the ABThera™ open abdomen negative pressure therapy system in a grade IV open abdomen secondary to acute pancreatitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Fitzgerald, James E F; Gupta, Shradha; Masterson, Sarah; Sigurdsson, Helgi H

2013-04-01

Wound control in laparostomy for the treatment of intra-abdominal hypertension remains challenging and numerous techniques have been described. We report the first UK experience with a new commercially available device specifically designed to facilitate management of the open abdomen. A 44-year-old gentleman presented with a 3-day history of constant severe epigastric pain and associated vomiting. Amylase was markedly elevated and he was admitted for supportive management of pancreatitis, with subsequent transfer to intensive care due to severe systemic inflammatory syndrome. The patient decompensated, developing intra-abdominal hypertension with renal and respiratory failure. This was successfully managed by performing a laparostomy and using an ABThera™ Open Abdomen Negative Pressure Therapy System (KCI, San Antonio, TX). We describe its use to facilitate wound control, including enteroatmospheric fistula, allowing granulation and eventual restoration of gastrointestinal continuity 383-days after admission. We found the ABThera™ System proved to be a useful treatment adjunct, protecting intra-abdominal contents while removing large volumes of exudate and infected material from within the abdominal cavity. Complex cases such as this remain infrequent and this article provides a summary of our experience, including a review of indications for laparostomy and the underlying basic science in this difficult area. © 2012 The Authors. International Wound Journal © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and Medicalhelplines.com Inc.

Dose estimation in CT exams of the abdomen based on values of DLP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kikuti, C.F.; Medeiros, R.B.; Salvadori, P.S.; Costa, D.M.C; D'lppolito, G.

2013-01-01

One of the challenges of multidetector computerized tomography is to minimize the risk of ionizing radiation using optimized protocols since higher doses are necessary to obtain high image quality. It was also noted that, due to the geometry in image acquisition using MDCT becomes necessary to estimate dose values consistent with the hypothesis clinically and with the specificities of the tomographic equipment. The aim of this study was to estimate the doses in abdomen exams from the data recorded on the MDCT console and dimensions obtained from DICOM images of patients undergoing different clinical protocols. Were collected, from the image DICOM of 101 exams, values of the dose length product (DLP) provided by Philips Health Care - Brilliance 64 equipment console, in order to relate them with the dose values obtained by means of thermoluminescent dosimeters ( TLD ) of CasSo 4 :Mn placed on the surface of a cylindrical simulator abdomen acrylic manufactured under the technical - operational conditions for a typical abdomen exam. From the data obtained, it was possible to find a factor of 1.16 ( 5 % ) indicating that the DLP values Brilliance 64 console underestimate the doses and this should be used with correction factor to estimate the total dose of the patient. (author)

SÍNDROME CORONARIO AGUDO DE CAUSA NO ATEROESCLERÓTICA / Acute coronary syndrome of non-atherosclerotic origin

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Yuri Medrano Plana

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen La embolia coronaria es una causa poco frecuente de síndrome coronario agudo. Dentro de los varios tipos de material embólico se encuentra el de origen tumoral. Estos émbolos pueden ocasionar isquemia miocárdica de intensidad variable, desde angina de pecho hasta infarto agudo de miocardio o incluso, muerte súbita. Se presenta una mujer de 58 años de edad, que presentó episodios de angina inestable con cambios eléctricos sin factores de riesgo y sin antecedentes de cardiopatía isquémica, que en la coronariografía se demostró la presencia de arterias coronarias normales. El ecocardiograma transesofágico informó imagen ecogénica polilobulada y pediculada hacia la superficie septal de la aurícula izquierda (posible mixoma, sin observarse trombos en las cavidades cardíacas. La paciente fue operada (exéresis quirúrgica del tumor, evolucionó favorablemente y fue trasladada a su hospital de origen 72 horas después. / Abstract Coronary embolism is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome. Among the various types of embolic material is that of tumoral origin. These emboli can cause myocardial ischemia of varying intensity, from angina to acute myocardial infarction or even sudden death. The case of a 58-year-old woman who presented unstable angina episodes with electrical changes with no risk factors and no history of ischemic heart disease is presented. By means of coronary angiography, the presence of normal coronary arteries was showed. Transesophageal echocardiography showed the echogenic polylobulated and pedicled image towards the septal surface of the left atrium (possible myxoma; thrombi in the cardiac chambers were not observed. The patient underwent surgery (surgical removal of the tumor, had a good progress and was transferred to her hospital of origin 72 hours later.

Edema agudo pulmonar associado à obstrução das vias aéreas: relato de caso Edema agudo pulmonar asociado a la obstrucción de las vías aéreas: relato de caso Acute pulmonary edema associated with obstruction of the airways: case report

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Flora Margarida Barra Bisinotto

2008-04-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O edema pulmonar por pressão negativa tem sido definido como edema não-cardiogênico, com transudação de líquido para o interstício pulmonar, por aumento na pressão negativa intratorácica, ocasionado pela obstrução das vias aéreas superiores. Descreveu-se o caso de paciente hígida, submetida à anestesia geral, que apresentou edema agudo pulmonar após a extubação traqueal. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente de 23 anos, sexo feminino, estado físico ASA II, submetida à anestesia geral para videolaparoscopia ginecológica. O procedimento durou 3 horas, sem intercorrências. Após a extubação, a paciente apresentou laringoespasmo e diminuição da saturação de oxigênio. Houve melhora após colocação de cânula oral e administração de oxigênio, sob pressão positiva, com máscara facial. Estabilizado o quadro, foi encaminhada à sala de recuperação pós-anestésica, onde, logo após a admissão, apresentou edema agudo de pulmão com eliminação de secreção serossanguinolenta. O tratamento constou de elevação do dorso, oxigênio sob máscara, furosemida e restrição hídrica. A radiografia torácica mostrou imagem compatível com edema agudo pulmonar e área cardíaca normal. O eletrocardiograma (ECG, ecocardiografia e enzimas cardíacas estavam normais. A paciente apresentou boa evolução, recebendo alta hospitalar no dia seguinte, assintomática. CONCLUSÕES: O edema agudo de pulmão associado à obstrução das vias aéreas superiores é condição clínica que pode agravar procedimentos cirúrgicos de baixa morbidade e que aparece sobretudo em pacientes jovens. O tratamento deve ser instituído precocemente, pois a resolução também é rápida e, na maioria das vezes, sem seqüelas.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: El edema pulmonar por presión negativa ha sido definido como edema no cardiogénico, con transudación de líquido para el intersticio pulmonar, por aumento en la presión negativa

Efeitos agudos do exercício resistido sobre marcadores da resposta inflamatória e imune

OpenAIRE

Guilherme Borges Pereira

2012-01-01

O objetivo dos pesquisadores do presente estudo foi examinar os efeitos agudos do Exercício Resistido (ER) sobre a apoptose (Anexina V+) e a migração (CX3CR1) de linfócitos T CD4+ e CD8+. 12 sujeitos adultos realizaram duas sessões de ER (3 séries em 9 exercícios) com 1 minuto (Hiper-1) e 3 minutos (Hiper-3) de intervalo entre as séries e exercícios. Não foi observada alteração significativa na contagem celular de linfócitos CD4+ e CD8+ após os protocolos Hiper-1 e Hiper-3 (p > 0,05). Foi obs...

EFECTO AGUDO DEL EJERCICIO FISICO EN LA INTELIGENCIA Y LA MEMORIA EN HOMBRES, SEGUN LA EDAD

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Yorleny Alfaro Chavarría

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Con muy diversas investigaciones se han demostrado los efectos agudos del ejercicio físico en los procesos cognitivos (memoria, inteligencia, tiempo de reacción, creatividad, etc. según la edad. Sin embargo, gran cantidad de variables se ven involucradas en los diferentes tratamientos. Es, por esto, que se pretendió realizar una investigación específica y homogénea, de manera que los cambios obtenidos en la inteligencia y la memoria en las diferentes edades se deban al tratamiento en sí, y no a la influencia de otros factores. Para esto, se aplicó un tratamiento que consistió en realizar ejercicio aeróbico subiendo y bajando una grada de 27 cm. de alto x 30 cm. de ancho, durante 10 minutos, a una intensidad del 60% de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima. Los sujetos fueron 100 hombres con edades entre la niñez y la edad avanzada. Se ubicaron en 5 subgrupos que realizaron un 'pretest', el tratamiento indicado y un 'postest'. Las pruebas fueron el test de Raven para la inteligencia y el Verbal Script Digit Span para medir la memoria auditiva. Para conocer los resultados se realizó un análisis de varianza Anova 5x2x2 para grupos independientes, utilizando los puntajes obtenidos en las diferencias entre 'pretest' y 'postest', para ambas variables, con su respectivo 'post-hoc' en los casos requeridos. Y para determinar la magnitud del cambio, se obtuvo los tamaños del efecto. Se encontró que con ejercicio aeróbico submaximal, la totalidad de los grupos etarios mejoraron sus resultados en el test de memoria con mejor resultado los de edades promedio de 25.5 y 63.25 años. Para la variable de inteligencia los sujetos de 34.75 y 52.4 años en promedio lograron los mejores resultados, mientras que los jóvenes de 25.5 años y los adultos mayores no tuvieron cambio significativo en este aspecto.

Laparoscopy in the acute abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Navez, Benoit; Navez, Julie

2014-02-01

Laparoscopy has become a routine procedure in the management of acute abdominal disease and can be considered both an excellent therapeutic and additional diagnostic tool in selected cases. However, a high level of expertise in laparoscopic and emergency surgery is required. Hemodynamic instability, huge abdominal distension, fecal peritonitis and perforated cancer are relative contraindications for the laparoscopic approach. In recent years, abdominal emergencies have increasingly been managed successfully by laparoscopy. In acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis and perforated peptic ulcer, randomized controlled trials have proven that the laparoscopic approach is as safe and as effective as open surgery, with fewer complications and a quicker postoperative recovery. Other indications such as blunt and penetrating trauma to the abdomen, small bowel occlusion and perforated diverticular disease are under debate, indicating that more randomized controlled trials comparing laparoscopic and open surgery are still necessary. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

MREIT conductivity imaging of the postmortem canine abdomen using CoReHA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jeon, Kiwan; Lee, Chang-Ock; Minhas, Atul S; Kim, Young Tae; Jeong, Woo Chul; Kim, Hyung Joong; Woo, Eung Je; Kang, Byeong Teck; Park, Hee Myung; Seo, Jin Keun

2009-01-01

Magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) is a new bio-imaging modality providing cross-sectional conductivity images from measurements of internal magnetic flux densities produced by externally injected currents. Recent experimental results of postmortem and in vivo imaging of the canine brain demonstrated its feasibility by showing conductivity images with meaningful contrast among different brain tissues. MREIT image reconstructions involve a series of data processing steps such as k-space data handling, phase unwrapping, image segmentation, meshing, modelling, finite element computation, denoising and so on. To facilitate experimental studies, we need a software tool that automates these data processing steps. In this paper, we summarize such an MREIT software package called CoReHA (conductivity reconstructor using harmonic algorithms). Performing imaging experiments of the postmortem canine abdomen, we demonstrate how CoReHA can be utilized in MREIT. The abdomen with a relatively large field of view and various organs imposes new technical challenges when it is chosen as an imaging domain. Summarizing a few improvements in the experimental MREIT technique, we report our first conductivity images of the postmortem canine abdomen. Illustrating reconstructed conductivity images, we discuss how they discern different organs including the kidney, spleen, stomach and small intestine. We elaborate, as an example, that conductivity images of the kidney show clear contrast among cortex, internal medulla, renal pelvis and urethra. We end this paper with a brief discussion on future work using different animal models

Delayed rupture of thoracic aorta aneurysm following a kick to the abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Oliva, Antonio; De Giorgio, Fabio; Partemi, Sara; Pascali, Vincenzo L; Carbone, Arnaldo

2009-03-01

Several theories have been proposed to explain the Blunt Traumatic Aortic Rupture (BTAR) because different mechanical forces act on the aorta, at anatomically susceptible sites, including shearing, torsion and stretching, but the origin, transduction and relative importance of these forces remain uncertain. We report a case of a 74-year-old man injured by a kick to the abdomen. After 2 days he felt chest pain paroxysm and weakness in his left leg. The patient was admitted to an emergency care department where he experienced sudden and severe hemodynamic deterioration, dying rapidly. The autopsy, performed 3 days later, showed haemorragic infarction of hypogastric subcutaneous tissues and revealed an extended dissecting aneurysm of the thoracic aorta with following haemopericardium. In our case we considered that a low energy compression to the abdomen, in presence of underlying atherosclerosis, caused aortic dissection rather than rupture and then the 48h time span after the traumatic event and the cardiac tamponade was enough to complete the aortic retrograde dissection. We finally emphasise the importance of the careful surveillance of any trauma close to the abdomen in view of initially unpredictable, as well as eventful injuries. The finding of early signs of neointima formation in thoracoabdominal portions of aortic dissection strongly supported our interpretation. The forensic interest of this case is correlated to the voluntary character of the inflicted injury. The culprit was thus charged with manslaughter.

Extra-skeletal Ewing's sarcoma resembling acute abdomen. Case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Valdivia Gómez, Gilberto Guzmán; Soto Guerrero, María Teresa; Cedillo de la Cruz, María Isabel

2010-01-01

Extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma is a rare tumor of neuroectodermal origin. It presents mainly in the soft tissue of the extremities and thorax. Histologically, it is similar to Ewing's sarcoma of the bone. We present the case of a male who arrived at the emergency room with acute abdomen, leucocytosis and imaging techniques (abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography) suggestive of complicated diverticular disease. He was treated with emergency surgery. Intraoperative findings were an unsuspected tumor (20 x 15 x 15 cm). Treatment consisted of extirpation of the tumor, separating it from the adjacent viscera and followed by chemotherapy based on epirubicin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine for six cycles. Because the control abdominal CT demonstrated tumor activity in the retroperitoneum adjacent to the ascending colon and cecum, further resection was decided upon. In a review of the literature, no previous reports of extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma were found presenting as acute abdomen. Due to the rarity of this tumor, only case reports or series have been found in the literature without randomized or comparative studies. Surgery was the cornerstone of treatment, without reports of preoperative chemotherapy. If the patient's condition permits, percutaneous needle biopsy is mandatory to obtain optimum treatment as well as to improve prognosis.

Calculations on the dose decreasing and image quality improving effects of an abdomen dodger

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koblinger, L.

1974-07-01

A Monte Carlo computer program is performed to study the effects of an abdomen dodger. For this study the inhomogeneous Snyder phantom is assumed to be irradiated by an X-ray tube operated at 80 kV. By the use of a dodger which compensates the varying thickness of the body the exposure distribution on the photoreceptor can be made more uniform and the absorbed dose decreases. As different patients have different dimensions, the results presented here cannot be applied for any given abdomen examination, but can be used as average values, characteristic for an average examination, thus applicable in the estimations for the total population. (K.A.)

Definitive identification of magnetite nanoparticles in the abdomen of the honeybee Apis mellifera

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Desoil, M [Biological Physics Department, University of Mons-Hainaut (Belgium); Gillis, P [Biological Physics Department, University of Mons-Hainaut (Belgium); Gossuin, Y [Biological Physics Department, University of Mons-Hainaut (Belgium); Pankhurst, Q A [London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1E 7HN (United Kingdom); Hautot, D [London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1E 7HN (United Kingdom); Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-en-Trent, ST4 7QB (United Kingdom)

2005-01-01

The biogenic magnetic properties of the honeybee Apis mellifera were investigated with a view to understanding the bee's physiological response to magnetic fields. The magnetisations of bee abdomens on one hand, and heads and thoraxes on the other hand, were measured separately as functions of temperature and field. Both the antiferromagnetic responses of the ferrihydrite cores of the iron storage protein ferritin, and the ferrimagnetic responses of nanoscale magnetite (Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}) particles, were observed. Relatively large magnetite particles (ca. 30 nm or more), capable of retaining a remanent magnetisation at room temperature, were found in the abdomens, but were absent in the heads and thoraxes. In both samples, more than 98% of the iron atoms were due to ferritin.

Definitive identification of magnetite nanoparticles in the abdomen of the honeybee Apis mellifera

Science.gov (United States)

Desoil, M.; Gillis, P.; Gossuin, Y.; Pankhurst, Q. A.; Hautot, D.

2005-01-01

The biogenic magnetic properties of the honeybee Apis mellifera were investigated with a view to understanding the bee's physiological response to magnetic fields. The magnetisations of bee abdomens on one hand, and heads and thoraxes on the other hand, were measured separately as functions of temperature and field. Both the antiferromagnetic responses of the ferrihydrite cores of the iron storage protein ferritin, and the ferrimagnetic responses of nanoscale magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, were observed. Relatively large magnetite particles (ca. 30 nm or more), capable of retaining a remanent magnetisation at room temperature, were found in the abdomens, but were absent in the heads and thoraxes. In both samples, more than 98% of the iron atoms were due to ferritin.

Definitive identification of magnetite nanoparticles in the abdomen of the honeybee Apis mellifera

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desoil, M; Gillis, P; Gossuin, Y; Pankhurst, Q A; Hautot, D

2005-01-01

The biogenic magnetic properties of the honeybee Apis mellifera were investigated with a view to understanding the bee's physiological response to magnetic fields. The magnetisations of bee abdomens on one hand, and heads and thoraxes on the other hand, were measured separately as functions of temperature and field. Both the antiferromagnetic responses of the ferrihydrite cores of the iron storage protein ferritin, and the ferrimagnetic responses of nanoscale magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) particles, were observed. Relatively large magnetite particles (ca. 30 nm or more), capable of retaining a remanent magnetisation at room temperature, were found in the abdomens, but were absent in the heads and thoraxes. In both samples, more than 98% of the iron atoms were due to ferritin

Open abdomen and VAC® in severe diffuse peritonitis.

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Mutafchiyski, Ventsislav M; Popivanov, G I; Kjossev, K T; Chipeva, S

2016-02-01

Currently, the open abdomen technique is the widely recognised method for treatment of life-threatening trauma, intra-abdominal sepsis, abdominal compartment syndrome and wound dehiscence. The techniques for temporary closure using negative pressure have gained increasing popularity. Although negative pressure wound therapy has been proved as an effective method in trauma, the results in diffuse peritonitis are contradictory. Overall, 108 patients with diffuse peritonitis and open abdomen were prospectively enrolled from January 2006 to December 2013--69 treated with mesh-foil laparostomy without negative pressure and 49 with vacuum-assisted closure (VAC(®)) The primary endpoints were the rate of primary fascial closure and mortality. The secondary outcomes were the rate of complications--enteroatmospheric fistulas, intra-abdominal abscesses, wound infection and necrotising fasciitis, intensive care unit (ICU) and overall hospital stay. VAC was associated with higher overall (73% vs 53%) and late primary fascial closure rates (31% vs 7%), lower rates of necrotising fasciitis (2% vs 15%, p=0.012), intra-abdominal abscesses (10% vs 20%), enteroatmospheric fistulas (8% vs 19%), overall mortality (31% vs 53%, pVAC in comparison to the temporary abdominal closure without negative pressure in the cases with severe diffuse peritonitis. However, to a large extent, our results might be attributed to the combination of VAC with dynamic fascial closure. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

Frequency, Pattern and Management of Acute Abdomen in Dengue Fever in Karachi, Pakistan

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Muhammad Shamim

2010-07-01

Conclusion: Early diagnosis and prompt conservative management of dengue acute abdomen is necessary to avoid mortality and emergency surgery-related morbidity. However, if needed, surgery can be performed with acceptable morbidity.

Prevalência de fatores de risco em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio

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Simone Mathioni Mertins

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de fatores de risco em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio, internados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Coronariana de um hospital da região noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul ̸ Brasil. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, realizado no período compreendido entre 25 de abril a 25 de junho de 2012, com 48 pacientes. As variáveis de interesse para este estudo foram as condições sociodemográficas, dados antropométricos, hábitos alimentares e fatores de risco cardiovascular. Resultados: A idade média foi de 59,9 ± 11,55 anos, com predominância do sexo masculino (81,3%, de cor branca (83,3%, casados (70,8%, ensino fundamental incompleto (72,9%, aposentados (37,5%, renda menor que três salários mínimos (58,3% e procedentes da região urbana (72,9%. A prevalência dos fatores de risco se distribuiu da seguinte forma: sedentarismo (91,7%, hipertensão arterial sistêmica (63,8%, estresse (50%, circunferência abdominal alterada (50%, história familiar (43,7%, tabagismo (41,7%, sobrepeso (35,5%, obesidade (33,4%, dislipidemia (23%, diabetes mellitus (20,8% e consumo de álcool (12,5%. Conclusão: Os dados apresentados mostram a elevada prevalência de fatores de risco em pacientes que tiveram infarto agudo do miocárdio e nos direcionam a entender o papel da educação em saúde como estratégia para reduzir as causas de morbimortalidade, além de propor ações de cuidado e autocuidado e mudanças nos hábitos de vida.  Descritores: Fatores de Risco; Infarto do Miocárdio; Educação em Saúde (Fontes: DeCS e BIREME.

Efecto de un tratamiento intensivo con insulina sobre la reactividad plaquetaria en pacientes con hiperglucemia que ingresan con un síndrome coronario agudo

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Vivas Balcones, Luis David

2011-01-01

El objetivo primario de este trabajo ha sido la valoración del efecto que produce el control estricto de la glucemia mediante un tratamiento intensivo y precoz con insulina sobre la reactividad plaquetaria durante la fase hospitalaria en pacientes que ingresan en una unidad de cuidados intensivos cardiológicos con un síndrome coronario agudo e hiperglucemia, respecto a un tratamiento convencional.

Blunt liver injury with intact ribs under impacts on the abdomen: a biomechanical investigation.

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Yu Shao

Full Text Available Abdominal trauma accounts for nearly 20% of all severe traffic injuries and can often result from intentional physical violence, from which blunt liver injury is regarded as the most common result and is associated with a high mortality rate. Liver injury may be caused by a direct impact with a certain velocity and energy on the abdomen, which may result in a lacerated liver by penetration of fractured ribs. However, liver ruptures without rib cage fractures were found in autopsies in a series of cases. All the victims sustained punches on the abdomen by fist. Many studies have been dedicated to determining the mechanism underlying hepatic injury following abdominal trauma, but most have been empirical. The actual process and biomechanism of liver injury induced by blunt impact on the abdomen, especially with intact ribs remained, are still inexhaustive. In order to investigate this, finite element methods and numerical simulation technology were used. A finite element human torso model was developed from high resolution CT data. The model consists of geometrically-detailed liver and rib cage models and simplified models of soft tissues, thoracic and abdominal organs. Then, the torso model was used in simulations in which the right hypochondrium was punched by a fist from the frontal, lateral, and rear directions, and in each direction with several impact velocities. Overall, the results showed that liver rupture was primarily caused by a direct strike of the ribs induced by blunt impact to the abdomen. Among three impact directions, a lateral impact was most likely to cause liver injury with a minimum punch speed of 5 m/s (the momentum was about 2.447 kg.m/s. Liver injuries could occur in isolation and were not accompanied by rib fractures due to different material characteristics and injury tolerance.

Evaluación de un modelo de atención quirúrgica urgente en los resultados de eficacia, seguridad y eficiencia en el tratamiento de la apendicitis aguda

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Pareja Ciuro, Felipe Jose

2016-01-01

Introducción La apendicitis aguda es la urgencia quirúrgica más frecuente de la especialidad. Según las estadísticas mundiales esla causa principal de abdomen agudo quirúrgico y por tanto, sus resultados pueden reflejar en gran medida la calidad de la atención en el ámbito de la cirugía digestiva urgente y podrían ser utilizados como indicador de calidad para evaluar la gestión de las urgencias quirúrgicas. Mediante este estudio queremos evaluar si la existencia de un modelo organizativo ...

The Clinical anatomy of the physical examination of the abdomen: A comprehensive review.

Science.gov (United States)

Bilal, Muhammad; Voin, Vlad; Topale, Nitsa; Iwanaga, Joe; Loukas, Marios; Tubbs, R Shane

2017-04-01

Physical examination of the abdomen is an essential skill. Knowledge of its clinical anatomy and application is vital for making diagnoses. Misinterpretation of anatomy during examination can have serious consequences. This review addresses understanding of the anatomy, methodology, and complications of abdominal physical examination. It includes particular reference to modern technology and investigations. Physical examination is performed for diagnostic purposes. However, the art of physical examination is declining as more and more clinicians rely on newer technology. This can have regrettable consequences: negligence, waste of time and resources, and deterioration of clinical skills. With a sound knowledge of clinical anatomy, and realization of the importance of physical examination of the abdomen, clinician, and patients alike can benefit. Clin. Anat. 30:352-356, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Splenic rupture following idiopathic rupture of the urinary bladder presenting as acute abdomen

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Jurisic D

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Idiopathic rupture of the urinary bladder is an uncommon condition and represents less than 1% of all bladder rupture cases. In most of the cases the main etiological factor was heavy alcohol ingestion. A combined injury of the spleen and bladder is a very rare condition that is almost often associated with trauma and foreign bodies. In this paper we present the extremely rare clinical course of acute abdomen caused by a combined spontaneous intraperitoneal injury; spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder and spleen. According to our opinion, spontaneous bladder rupture caused by bladder distension due to alcohol ingestion led to urinary ascites and abdominal distension. Finally, repeated minor abdominal blunt trauma during everyday life, to a moderately distended abdomen caused a spontaneous splenic rupture in the patient with abnormal coagulation studies.

Edema agudo hemorrágico da infância: relato de três casos Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy: report of three cases

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Paulo Sergio Emerich

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O Edema Agudo Hemorrágico da Infância é uma vasculite leucocitoclástica pouco frequente, que ocorre, quase exclusivamente, em crianças entre 4 meses e 2 anos de idade. Caracteriza-se, clinicamente, pela tríade febre, lesões purpúricas na face, pavilhões auriculares e extremidades e edema. Embora os achados cutâneos sejam dramáticos e de surgimento rápido, o prognóstico é favorável, com resolução espontânea dentro de 1 a 3 semanas. Descrevem-se três casos cujos achados clínicos e histopatológicos são característicos de edema agudo hemorrágico da infância.Acute Hemorrhagic Edema of Infancy is an infrequent leukocytoclastic vasculitis which occurs almost exclusively in children between 4 months and 2 years of age. It is clinically characterized by the triad fever, purpuric lesions on the face, auricular pinna and extremities, and edema. Although the cutaneous findings are dramatic and of rapid onset, the prognosis is favorable, with spontaneous resolution within 1 to 3 weeks. Three cases are described in which clinical and histopathological findings are characteristic of acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy.

Comparison of Outcomes between Early Fascial Closure and Delayed Abdominal Closure in Patients with Open Abdomen: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Yu Chen

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Up to the present, the optimal time to close an open abdomen remains controversial. This study was designed to evaluate whether early fascial abdominal closure had advantages over delayed approach for open abdomen populations. Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched until April 2013. Search terms included “open abdomen,” “abdominal compartment syndrome,” “laparostomy,” “celiotomy,” “abdominal closure,” “primary,” “delayed,” “permanent,” “fascial closure,” and “definitive closure.” Open abdomen was defined as “fail to close abdominal fascia after a laparotomy.” Mortality, complications, and length of stay were compared between early and delayed fascial closure. In total, 3125 patients were included for final analysis, and 1942 (62% patients successfully achieved early fascial closure. Vacuum assisted fascial closure had no impact on pooled fascial closure rate. Compared with delayed abdominal closure, early fascial closure significantly reduced mortality (12.3% versus 24.8%, RR, 0.53, P<0.0001 and complication incidence (RR, 0.68, P<0.0001. The mean interval from open abdomen to definitive closure ranged from 2.2 to 14.6 days in early fascial closure groups, but from 32.5 to 300 days in delayed closure groups. This study confirmed clinical advantages of early fascial closure over delayed approach in treatment of patients with open abdomen.

Fluidoterapia entérica versus fluidoterapia endovenosa em casos de síndrome de abdómen agudo em equinos

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Mancha, Dora Alexandra Inácio

2009-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária O Síndrome de Abdómen Agudo é uma patologia muito frequentemente encontrada na prática clínica de equinos. A hidratação dos cavalos com dor abdominal aguda é extremamente importante. Por este motivo, a abordagem terapêutica médica destes animais inclui quase invariavelmente a administração de fluidos. O médico veterinário pode recorrer à fluidoterapia entérica e à fluidoterapia endovenosa para o tratamento destes animais...

Prevalencia y curso clínico de la infección por dengue en adultos mayores con cuadro febril agudo en un hospital de alta complejidad en Cali, Colombia

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Fernando Rosso

2016-08-01

Conclusión. La infección por dengue fue frecuente en adultos mayores como causa de síndrome febril agudo. Una importante proporción requirió hospitalización y presentó complicaciones, sin embargo, el manejo adecuado evitó los casos fatales.

Sindrome confusional agudo por abstinencia aguda de nicotina Delirium due to acute nicotine withdrawal

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Manuel Klein

2002-08-01

Full Text Available El síndrome confusional agudo (SCA o delirium en pacientes hospitalizados es un problema frecuente y grave. Se caracteriza por síntomas de comienzo agudo y curso fluctuante con inatención, pensamiento desorganizado, y con distintos niveles de alteración de la conciencia.En la bibliografía consultada, el SCA como manifestación de un síndrome de abstinencia aguda nicotínica fue descripto en solo ocho casos. Presentamos el caso de un tabaquista grave que, internado por una reagudización de su enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC, presentó un cuadro de SCA al tercer día de abstinencia tabacal, cediendo los síntomas tras la administración de un parche de nicotina. Lo descripto sugiere que en pacientes internados que presentan SCA y agitación, con fuertes antecedentes de tabaquismo, un simple ensayo con un parche de nicotina puede ofrecer en pocas horas una notable respuesta terapéutica y a su vez un test confirmatorio. El reconocimiento del SCA como forma de presentación de la abstinencia nicotínica permitirá identificar casos habitualmente complejos en los que se podrá implementar una sencilla y eficaz alternativa terapéutica.Delirium or acute confusional state among hospitalized patients is a frequent and serious problem. It is characterized by acute onset symptoms, fluctuating course, impaired attention, unorganized thinking, and altered level of conciousness. Delirium, as a manifestation of acute nicotine withdrawal syndrome has been reported in the reviewed literature only in eight cases. We report the case of a heavy smoker admitted because of a reagudization of his chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. At the third day of nicotine abstinence, he developed delirium with a rapid improvement of his symptoms after treatment with a transdermal nicotine patch. This description suggests that in hospitalized heavy smokers who develop delirium with agitation, a simple trial with a nicotine patch can offer a dramatic

Impacto Pronóstico de los Síndromes Geriátricos en Pacientes Ancianos con Síndrome Coronario Agudo

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Bonanad Lozano, Clara

2015-01-01

Los síndromes geriátricos pueden predecir eventos adversos en el contexto del síndrome coronario agudo más allá de la propia edad y de los clásicos factores de riesgo cardiovascular. El objetivo de la presente tesis doctoral fue cuantificar y evaluar un amplio espectro de síndromes geriátricos en pacientes supervivientes a la fase aguda de un síndrome coronario. Se incluyeron un total de 342 pacientes mayores de 65 años que ingresaron de forma consecutiva en el servicio de Cardiología de un ú...

Placenta percreta causing acute abdomen in the second trimester of pregnancy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hussain, M.; Bhutta, S. Z.; Sarwar, S.

2004-01-01

Two cases of acute abdomen due to haemoperitoneum caused by placenta percreta in the second trimester are presented. Both had a history of previous lower segment caesarean section, a factor well-known to predispose the condition. How- ever, the rarity of the condition, presenting in mid pregnancy makes diagnosis and management difficult. Optimum ways of management are discussed. (author)

Can vacuum-assisted closure and instillation therapy (VAC-Instill therapy) play a role in the treatment of the infected open abdomen?

Science.gov (United States)

D'Hondt, M; D'Haeninck, A; Dedrye, L; Penninckx, F; Aerts, R

2011-03-01

Severe superimposed infection during open abdomen treatment with development of intra-abdominal sepsis is a challenging complication associated with high mortality rates. We report our experience with VAC-Instill therapy (KCI, San Antonio, USA) used for treatment of an infected open abdomen following pancreatic surgery. A literature search revealed no analogous case reports using VAC-Instill therapy for treatment of an infected laparostomy. The encouraging result of the case presented seems to indicate that VAC-Instill therapy could be used as adjunctive treatment in the management of the infected open abdomen when traditional therapy fails to control the infection.

Evaluación económica del stent medicado vs. convencional para pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del ST en Colombia

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Mateo Ceballos

2014-11-01

Conclusiones: El stent medicado con sirolimus no es costo-efectivo para pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del ST en Colombia. Se recomienda mayor investigación futura sobre la probabilidad de muerte y trombosis muy tardía del stent, así como en subgrupos específicos de pacientes y stents medicados de segunda generación.

123. Intervención quirúrgica urgente en paciente varón joven con angiosarcoma primario cardíaco con diagnóstico de tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo

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N. Miranda

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: Son infrecuentes los casos de sarcoma cardíaco primario publicados en la bibliografía y muy pocos los que han cursado como tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo. Este caso ilustra la enorme dificultad que presentan para un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz que ofrezca unas mínimas expectativas de vida a medio plazo.

Mechanical response of the herniated human abdomen to the placement of different prostheses.

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Hernández-Gascón, Belén; Peña, Estefanía; Grasa, Jorge; Pascual, Gemma; Bellón, Juan M; Calvo, Begoña

2013-05-01

This paper describes a method designed to model the repaired herniated human abdomen just after surgery and examine its static mechanical response to the maximum intra-abdominal pressure provoked by a physiological movement (standing cough). The model is based on the real geometry of the human abdomen bearing a large incisional hernia with several anatomical structures differentiated by MRI. To analyze the outcome of hernia repair, the surgical procedure was simulated by modeling a prosthesis placed over the hernia. Three surgical meshes with different mechanical properties were considered: an isotropic heavy-weight mesh (Surgipro®), a slightly anisotropic light-weight mesh (Optilene®), and a highly anisotropic medium-weight mesh (Infinit®). Our findings confirm that anisotropic implants need to be positioned such that the most compliant axis of the mesh coincides with the craneo-caudal direction of the body.

Accuracy and precision of flash glucose monitoring sensors inserted into the abdomen and upper thigh compared with the upper arm.

Science.gov (United States)

Charleer, Sara; Mathieu, Chantal; Nobels, Frank; Gillard, Pieter

2018-06-01

Nowadays, most Belgian patients with type 1 diabetes use flash glucose monitoring (FreeStyle Libre [FSL]; Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, California) to check their glucose values, but some patients find the sensor on the upper arm too visible. The aim of the present study was to compare the accuracy and precision of FSL sensors when placed on different sites. A total of 23 adults with type 1 diabetes used three FSL sensors simultaneously for 14 days on the upper arm, abdomen and upper thigh. FSL measurements were compared with capillary blood glucose (BG) measurements obtained with a built-in FSL BG meter. The aggregated mean absolute relative difference was 11.8 ± 12.0%, 18.5 ± 18.4% and 12.3 ± 13.8% for the arm, abdomen (P = .002 vs arm) and thigh (P = .5 vs arm), respectively. Results of Clarke error grid analysis for the arm and thigh were similar (zone A: 84.9% vs 84.5%; P = .6), while less accuracy was seen for the abdomen (zone A: 69.4%; P = .01). Apart from the first day, the accuracy of FSL sensors on the arm and thigh was more stable across the 14-day wear duration than accuracy of sensors on the abdomen, which deteriorated mainly during week 2 (P < .0005). The aggregated precision absolute relative difference was markedly lower for the arm/thigh (10.9 ± 11.9%) compared with the arm/abdomen (20.9 ± 22.8%; P = .002). Our results indicate that the accuracy and precision of FSL sensors placed on the upper thigh are similar to the upper arm, whereas the abdomen performed unacceptably poorly. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Mesenteric defect with internal herniation in the pediatric emergency department: an unusual presentation of acute abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Mei-Hua; Huang, Go-Shine; Chen, Jeng-Chang; Wu, Chang-Teng

2014-04-01

Internal herniation is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction, especially in the emergency department. We report a child with acute abdomen resulting from transmesenteric internal herniation of the small bowel. Radiographic findings revealed gaseous distension of the bowel loops in the upper abdominal area with a paucity of gas in the lower abdomen. Operative finding showed gangrenous small bowel due to mesenteric defect with an internal herniation. The gangrenous bowel was resected and the patient was discharged with an uneventful outcome. We emphasize that early recognition of internal herniation warrants further evaluation and appropriate management. Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Clinical validation of a dose reduction study in paediatric abdomen MSCT scanning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ciccarone, A.; Fonda, C.; Zatelli, Giovanna; Mazzocchi, S.

2008-01-01

Full text: In our previous work an individual dose adaptation in abdomen of paediatric patients has been showed at the Meyer children hospital of Florence. For each kV really feasible in our MSCT scanner, a table of mAs versus abdomen thickness and width ratio has been developed only on the basis of water cylinder phantoms. The choice of the water arise by the fact that in pediatric patient the quantity of water inside the body is major than that of adult. In this way a reduction dose has showed with respect to the ordinary paediatric scanning protocol in use before and the same image quality has been preserved in the case of an optimized CT scanning technique of a standard adult patient of height 175 cm and weight 70 kg. However these results were only theoretical because relied on water phantoms. Now this work concerns the clinical validation of our dose reduction study on phantoms. So 50 examinations were acquired with the dose reduction scanning technique and scored randomly, without knowing weight and height of patient by three radiologists. These scores were compared with that of other 50 abdomen examination before dose reduction study. The scores refers to the noise perceived by radiologist and to the diagnostic quality of radiograph. As last, a score on the low contrast tissue separation between muscle and fat and a score on visibility of structure therein have been asked to the radiologists. The same work has concerned the abdomen examinations with iodine contrast medium. In this study the score of each radiographs has been catalogued in four range of age, 0 - 1; 1 - 3; 3 - 8; 8 - 13 years. Aligned rank and Wilcoxon's signed rank tests were used for statistical analyses. The table of modulating mAs with respect to the size of patient obtained with only water phantom study has been revised so that none reduced detection in low-visibility structures like fat or muscle or liver was evident. Nevertheless a reduction in CTDI of 30 % has been reached in our new

Role of Definitive Radiation Therapy in Carcinoma of Unknown Primary in the Abdomen and Pelvis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kelly, Patrick; Das, Prajnan; Varadhachary, Gauri R.; Fontanilla, Hiral P.; Krishnan, Sunil; Delclos, Marc E.; Jhingran, Anuja; Eifel, Patricia J.; Crane, Christopher H.

2012-01-01

Objectives: Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) in the abdomen and pelvis is a heterogeneous group of cancers with no standard treatment. Considered by many to be incurable, these patients are often treated with chemotherapy alone. In this study, we determined the effectiveness of radiation therapy in combination with chemotherapy in patients with CUP in the abdomen and pelvis. Patients and Methods: Medical records were reviewed for 37 patients with CUP treated with radiation therapy for disease located in the soft tissues and/or nodal basins of the abdomen and pelvis at University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer between 2002 and 2009. All patients underwent chemotherapy, either before or concurrent with radiation therapy. Patients were selected for radiation therapy on the basis of histologic type, disease extent, and prior therapy response. Twenty patients underwent definitive radiation therapy (defined as radiation therapy targeting all known disease sites with at least 45 Gy) and 17 patients underwent palliative radiation therapy. Only 6 patients had surgical resection of their disease. Patient and treatment characteristics were extracted and the endpoints of local disease control, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and treatment-related toxicity incidence were analyzed. Results: The 2-year PFS and OS rates for the entire cohort were 32% and 57%, respectively. However, in patients treated with definitive radiation therapy, the rates were 48% and 76%, and 7 patients lived more than 3 years after treatment with no evidence of disease progression. Nevertheless, radiation-associated toxicity was significant in this cohort, as 40% experienced Grade 2 or higher late toxicities. Conclusions: The use of definitive radiation therapy should be considered in selected patients with CUP in the soft tissues or nodal basins of the abdomen and pelvis.

Comportamiento del infarto agudo del miocardio en personas con diabetes mellitus de la provincia Granma Situation of the acute myocardial infarction in persons with diabetes mellitus in Granma province

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Eduardo René Valdés Ramos

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes: la diabetes mellitus, además de ser un factor de riesgo para el infarto agudo del miocardio, parece conferir per se un peor pronóstico en los pacientes con esta entidad. Objetivo: evaluar el comportamiento del infarto agudo del miocardio en personas con diabetes mellitus de la provincia de Granma. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo con 159 pacientes que ingresaron en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Coronarios del Hospital "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes", de Bayamo, Granma, con diagnóstico de infarto agudo del miocardio, en el período comprendido entre enero de 2010 y junio de 2011. De ellos, 39 con diabetes mellitus y 120 sin ella. De las historias clínicas se extrajeron los datos de las variables demográficas, clínicas y metabólicas estudiadas. Resultados: en los casos con diabetes mellitus el porcentaje de infartos extensos y sin dolor precordial fue superior a los no diabéticos, sin llegar a ser estadísticamente significativo (p= 0,3283 y p= 0,1066. Los pacientes diabéticos presentaron 2,8 veces más posibilidad de sufrir una complicación eléctrica que aquellos sin diabetes mellitus (p= 0,0121. No hubo relación significativa entre las complicaciones mecánicas del infarto agudo del miocardio y la presencia de diabetes mellitus (p= 0,4104. El número de defunciones fue significativamente mayor en los casos con diabetes mellitus, que en los no diabéticos (p= 0,0124. Los niveles de glucemia al ingreso estuvieron significativamente más elevados en los casos complicados y fallecidos, tanto en los diabéticos como en los no diabéticos. Conclusiones: el infarto agudo del miocardio, en los pacientes diabéticos de nuestro medio, con frecuencia se presenta sin dolor precordial, extenso, con complicaciones eléctricas y asociado con una elevada mortalidad. La hiperglucemia al ingreso está relacionada con un incremento de la morbilidad y la mortalidad del infarto agudo del miocardio

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen; Diffusionsgewichtete Magnetresonanztomographie des Abdomens

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Schmid-Tannwald, C.; Reiser, M.F.; Zech, C.J. [Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Campus Grosshadern, Institut fuer Klinische Radiologie, Muenchen (Germany)

2011-03-15

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) provides qualitative and quantitative information of tissue cellularity and the integrity of cellular membranes. Since DW-MRI can be performed without ionizing radiation exposure and contrast media application, DW-MRI is a particularly attractive tool for patients with allergies for gadolinium-based contrast agents or renal failure. Recent technical developments have made DW-MRI a robust and feasible technique for abdominal imaging. DW-MRI provides information on the detection and characterization of focal liver lesions and can also visualize treatment effects and early changes in chronic liver disease. In addition DW-MRI is a promising tool for the detection of inflammatory changes in patients with Crohn's disease. (orig.) [German] Die diffusionsgewichtete (DW-)MRT ermoeglicht die Erfassung qualitativer und quantitativer Informationen bzgl. der Gewebezellularitaet und Membranintegritaet. Die DW-MRT ist insbesondere bei Patienten mit einer Allergie gegen gadoliniumhaltige Kontrastmittel oder eingeschraenkter Nierenfunktion attraktiv, da ihr Einsatz nicht mit Strahlenexposition oder Kontrastmittelgabe verbunden ist. Durch technische Weiterentwicklungen ist die robuste Anwendung der DW-MRI in der Bildgebung des Abdomens seit einiger Zeit moeglich geworden. In der Leberdiagnostik lassen sich Zusatzinformationen zur Detektion und Charakterisierung von Leberlaesionen gewinnen, aber auch Therapieerfolge dokumentieren und fruehe chronische Leberveraenderungen visualisieren. Neben ihrer Rolle bei hepatologischen und onkologischen Fragestellungen erscheint der Einsatz der DW-MRT zudem bei entzuendlichen Fragestellungen wie dem Morbus Crohn sehr viel versprechend. (orig.)

Acute abdomen caused by ingested chicken wishbone: a case report

OpenAIRE

Hoxha, Faton T; Hashani, Shemsedin I; Komoni, Driton S; Gashi-Luci, Lumturije H; Kurshumliu, Fisnik I; Hashimi, Medita SH; Krasniqi, Avdyl S

2009-01-01

Introduction An ingested foreign body often passes the gastrointestinal tract without any complications. Foreign bodies, such as dentures, fish bones, chicken bones, and toothpicks, have been known to cause perforation of the GI tract. Case presentation We are presenting a case of a fifty-year-old male with acute abdomen; diffuse fibro purulent peritonitis, i.e. ileum perforation, caused by accidentally ingesting a chicken wishbone. He was treated surgically with ileum resection, and temporar...

AN ANALYSIS ON HOLLOW VISCERAL INJURY AND ITS MANAGEMENT FOLLOWING BLUNT TRAUMA ABDOMEN AT A TERTIARY HEALTHCARE CENTRE

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Niranjan Sahoo

2017-10-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Trauma is “the neglected disease of modern developing nations.” Hollow viscous injury following blunt trauma to abdomen is not common. The incidence of hollow viscous injuries following abdominal trauma varies from 2 to 15%. The following study was conducted at Department of General Surgery, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, a tertiary care hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the patients admitted to MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, with history of blunt trauma to abdomen were examined carefully. Those patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of visceral injury were identified and subjected to xray chest and abdomen erect view and ultrasound abdomen/CT scan. Those with features of pneumoperitoneum are subjected to laparotomy and treated according to location of perforation. Duration of study was from January 2016 to July 2017. RESULTS This study included people of different age groups from 13 to 65 years. Majority of the patients were men (83.5% and most common mode was found to be road traffic accident (69.6%. Most of the patients injured were young and belonged to earning group (81.44%. Most common viscera injured was ileum (37.85% Most common type of injury encountered in our study was isolated perforation and the common surgical procedure was primary closure. CONCLUSION In cases of polytrauma, blunt abdominal trauma contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. Both the sexes were affected with a male preponderance. The most common mode of blunt trauma was found to be Road Traffic Accident (RTA. Adequate knowledge regarding suspecting intra-abdominal injuries and timely management at tertiary care centre can definitely bring a marked difference in the prognosis of polytrauma patients with history of blunt trauma to abdomen.

A Rare Cause of Acute Abdomen: Diagnosis and Management of Adult Colonic Intussusception.

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Sertkaya, Mehmet; Emre, Arif; Pircanoglu, Eyüp Mehmet; Yazar, Fatih Mehmet; Tepe, Murat; Cengiz, Emrah; Isler, Ali; Vicdan, Halit

2016-01-01

Intussusception in adults is very rarely seen, and this cause acute abdomen. A computed tomography (CT) scan, clinical suspicion, history, and a physical examination are important for the diagnosis. We present two cases of colonic intussusceptions induced by lipoma. The cases had similar locations, diagnoses, and management. Both lipomas were located close to the cecum in the ascending colon, and a right segmental colon resection was performed in both cases. The follow-up of both cases was uneventful. Although benign lesions can cause colonic intussusception, the high incidence of malignancy in colonic lesions should always be considered. Therefore, oncologic surgical procedures should be applied. The definitive diagnosis can be made by histopathology. Sertkaya M, Emre A, Pircanoglu EM, Yazar FM, Tepe M, Cengiz E, Isler A, Vicdan H. A Rare cause of Acute Abdomen: Diagnosis and Management of Adult Colonic Intussusception. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2016;6(2):179-182.

Neumonía eosinofílica: presentación de dos casos, agudo y crónico

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Oscar Pamo Reyna

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta dos casos de neumonía eosinofílica idiopática, uno crónico y otro agudo. En el caso clínico 1 se realizó una confirmación anatomopatológica de neumonía eosinofílica idiopática y en el caso clínico 2 se tuvo una neumonia eosinofílica aguda probable. Ambos presentaron tos, fiebre y disnea. El estudio radiográfico reveló lesiones alveolares bilaterales con tendencia a la consolidación. La marcada eosinofilia en sangre periférica fue un dato resaltante que facilitó el diagnóstico. Ambos casos tuvieron muy buena respuesta a la corticoterapia.(Rev Med Hered 2007;18:39-44.

Delayed pneumothorax after stab wound to thorax and upper abdomen: Truth or myth?

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Zehtabchi, Shahriar; Morley, Eric J; Sajed, Dana; Greenberg, Oded; Sinert, Richard

2009-01-01

Stab wounds to the thorax and upper abdomen have the potential to cause pneumothorax (PTX). When a CXR (CXR) obtained during initial resuscitation is negative, a second CXR (CXR-2) is commonly performed with the goal of identifying delayed PTX. To assess the diagnostic yield of the CXR-2 in identifying delayed PTX. Prospective observational study of patients (age >or=13 years) with stab wounds to the thorax (chest/back) and upper abdomen with suspected PTX, in a level 1 trauma centre. Patients were included if they had a negative initial CXR followed by a repeat CXR 3-6h after the initial one. patients who died, were transferred out of the ED, or received chest tubes before the second CXR. The outcome of interest was delayed PTX. All CXR were read by an attending radiologist. To test the inter-observer agreement, another blinded radiologist reviewed 20% of CXR. Continuous data is presented as mean+/-standard deviation and categorical data as percentages with 95% confidence interval (CI). Kappa statistics were used to measure the inter-observer agreement between radiologists. Between January 2003 and December 2006 a total of 185 patients qualified for the enrollment (mean age: 28+/-10 years, age range: 13-65, 94% male). Only 2 patients (1.1%, 95% CI, 0.4- 4.1%) had PTX on the CXR-2. Both patients received chest tubes. The inter-observer agreement for radiology reports was high (kappa: 0.79). Occurrence of delayed PTX in patients with stab wounds to the thorax and upper abdomen and negative triage CXR is rare.

MELAS syndrome presenting as an acute surgical abdomen.

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Dindyal, S; Mistry, K; Angamuthu, N; Smith, G; Hilton, D; Arumugam, P; Mathew, J

2014-01-01

MELAS (mitochondrial cytopathy, encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes) is a syndrome in which signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal disease are uncommon if not rare. We describe the case of a young woman who presented as an acute surgical emergency, diagnosed as toxic megacolon necessitating an emergency total colectomy. MELAS syndrome was suspected postoperatively owing to persistent lactic acidosis and neurological symptoms. The diagnosis was later confirmed with histological and genetic studies. This case highlights the difficulties in diagnosing MELAS because of its unpredictable presentation and clinical course. We therefore recommend a high index of suspicion in cases of an acute surgical abdomen with additional neurological features or raised lactate.

Accuracy of Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) in Blunt Trauma Abdomen-A Prospective Study.

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Kumar, Subodh; Bansal, Virinder Kumar; Muduly, Dillip Kumar; Sharma, Pawan; Misra, Mahesh C; Chumber, Sunil; Singh, Saraman; Bhardwaj, D N

2015-12-01

Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) is a limited ultrasound examination, primarily aimed at the identification of the presence of free intraperitoneal or pericardial fluid. In the context of blunt trauma abdomen (BTA), free fluid is usually due to hemorrhage, bowel contents, or both; contributes towards the timely diagnosis of potentially life-threatening hemorrhage; and is a decision-making tool to help determine the need for further evaluation or operative intervention. Fifty patients with blunt trauma abdomen were evaluated prospectively with FAST. The findings of FAST were compared with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), laparotomy, and autopsy. Any free fluid in the abdomen was presumed to be hemoperitoneum. Sonographic findings of intra-abdominal free fluid were confirmed by CECT, laparotomy, or autopsy wherever indicated. In comparing with CECT scan, FAST had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 77.27, 100, and 79.16 %, respectively, in the detection of free fluid. When compared with surgical findings, it had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 94.44, 50, and 90 %, respectively. The sensitivity of FAST was 75 % in determining free fluid in patients who died when compared with autopsy findings. Overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FAST were 80.43, 75 and 80 %, respectively, for the detection of free fluid in the abdomen. From this study, we can safely conclude that FAST is a rapid, reliable, and feasible investigation in patients with BTA, and it can be performed easily, safely, and quickly in the emergency room with a reasonable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. It helps in the initial triage of patients for assessing the need for urgent surgery.

Peritoneal cavity lavage reduces the presence of mitochondrial damage associated molecular patterns in open abdomen patients.

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Martinez-Quinones, Patricia A; McCarthy, Cameron G; Mentzer, Caleb J; Wenceslau, Camilla F; Holsten, Steven B; Webb, R Clinton; O'Malley, Keith

2017-12-01

Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs), such as mitochondrial DNA and N-formylated peptides, are endogenous molecules released from tissue after traumatic injury. mtDAMPs are potent activators of the innate immune system. They have similarities with bacteria, which allow mtDAMPs to interact with the same pattern recognition receptors and mediate the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Current recommendations for management of an open abdomen include returning to the operating room every 48 hours for peritoneal cavity lavage until definitive procedure. These patients are often critically ill and develop SIRS. We hypothesized that mitochondrial DAMPs are present in the peritoneal cavity fluid in this setting, and that they accumulate in the interval between washouts. We conducted a prospective pilot study of critically ill adult patients undergoing open abdomen management in the surgical and trauma intensive care units. Peritoneal fluid was collected daily from 10 open abdomen patients. Specimens were analyzed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), via enzyme immunoassay for DNAse activity and via Western blot analysis for the ND6 subunit of the NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase, an N-formylated peptide. We observed a reduction in the expression of ND6 the day after lavage of the peritoneal cavity, that was statistically different from the days with no lavage (% change in ND6 expression, postoperative from washout: -50 ± 11 vs. no washout day, 42 ± 9; p abdomen. It is possible that increased frequency of peritoneal cavity lavage may lead to decreased systemic absorption of mtDAMPs, thereby reducing the risk of SIRS. Prospective study, Case Series, Level V.

Imaging findings of Castleman disease of the abdomen and pelvis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou Liangping; Wang Peihua; Peng Weijun; Yang Wentao; Zhang Bei; Guan Yubao; Zhou Kangrong

2006-01-01

Objective: The purpose of this work was to analysis the most suggestive imaging findings of Castleman disease in the abdomen and pelvis and to improve the recognition of this rare disease. Methods: Ten patients with pathologically proved Castleman disease in the abdomen (n=9) and pelvis (n=1) were included in this study. Patients were 18-56 yeas old (mean=40); 7 were men and 3 women. Imaging findings (CT and MRI, n=4; only CT, n=4; only MRI, n=2) were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with clinical and pathologic findings. Results: The lesions were divided into localized (n=9) and disseminated (n=1) group. The pathologic subtypes of all 9 cases of localized disease were hyaline vascular type. Imaging findings showed a single large mass in six and a single dominant mass with small satellite nodules in three. On plain CT images, the lesions manifested as homogeneous soft masses, which is isoattenuating to muscle. After intravenous injection of contrast media, most of the masses enhanced sharply (5/7) with the attenuation similar to large arteries at arterial phase and delay scans. On MR imaging, the lesions also were homogenous and had isointense or slightly low signal intensity compared with that of muscle on T 1 weighted images and high signal intensity on T 2 weighted images, and showed contrast enhancement in a similar pattern to contrast enhanced CT. After intravenous injection of contrast media, areas of central lower radial attenuation in the mass were noted in 4 cases of large masses ( > 5 cm) and proved to be fibrotic component pathologically. The pathologic subtypes of 1 cases of disseminated disease was plasma cell type. Imaging findings showed several well-defined nodules lied in the retroperitoneal zone that enhanced sharply with the attenuation similar to large arteries after intravenous injection of contrast media. Conclusion: Imaging findings of Castleman disease in the abdomen and pelvis are closely associated with its pathology. The most

Infarto agudo do miocárdio na 31ª semana de gravidez: relato de caso

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Filipa Pires Duarte

2011-04-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A ocorrência de infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM durante a gravidez é rara. Os autores descrevem o caso de IAM numa grávida de 31 semanas e a importância da existência de uma equipe multidisciplinar para sua abordagem. RELATO DO CASO: Grávida de 31 semanas, com antecedentes de tabagismo, alcoolismo e hipertensão, internada após um episódio de síncope. Na admissão, encontrava-se consciente e assintomática, embora hipotensa. O eletrocardiograma evidenciou marcada elevação do segmento ST em DI, AVL, V1-V6. Pesquisa de enzimas cardíacas foi positiva. O ecocardiograma transtorácico demonstrou redução da contratilidade ventricular esquerda e septal e uma fração de ejeção de 30%. A angiografia revelou oclusão proximal da artéria descendente anterior. Por insucesso da angioplastia por balão, foi colocado um stent metálico. A paciente iniciou terapêutica com b-bloqueadores, aspirina e clopidogrel. Em relação ao parto, optou-se por realizar cesariana eletiva, quatro semanas após o IAM. Suspendeu-se o clopidogrel sete dias antes do parto. A função cardíaca pré-operatória foi otimizada com infusão de levosimendana iniciada no dia anterior. A cesariana decorreu sob bloqueio peridural. O período intraoperatório decorreu sem complicações, à exceção de moderada hipotensão facilmente corrigida com fenilefrina. O índice de Apgar do recém-nascido foi de 9/10. CONCLUSÕES: Este é um dos poucos casos de infarto agudo do miocárdio e angioplastia descritos durante a gravidez. Os autores discutem as decisões tomadas pela equipe multidisciplinar, constituída por anestesiologistas, obstetras, cardiologistas e neonatologistas, notadamente no que se refere à dupla antiagregação plaquetária, ao tipo de parto e à anestesia.

Laparoscopic management of ovarian dysgerminoma presenting with acute abdomen caused by adnexal torsion in a 17-year-old girl.

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Takeda, Akihiro; Mori, Masahiko; Sakai, Kotaro; Mitsui, Takashi; Nakamura, Hiromi

2009-02-01

Ovarian dysgerminoma cases very rarely present with acute abdomen due to adnexal torsion and the successful laparoscopic management of such a case has not been reported previously. A 17-year-old sexually inactive high school girl presenting with acute abdomen was referred to our emergency department. Transabdominal ultrasonography showed the presence of homogeneous tumor in the lower abdomen. Emergency laparoscopic surgery was performed and left ovarian tumor with adnexal torsion was identified. Left salpingo-oophorectomy was performed carefully to avoid damaging the tumor capsule and the excised tissue was removed after retrieval in an endobag. The histopathological diagnosis was pure ovarian dysgerminoma. The postoperative course was uneventful. Laparoscopic management with careful postoperative follow-up to monitor recurrence could be a treatment option in a young girl with dysgerminoma, if the disease condition is detected in the early stage.

Non Obstetric Causes and Presentation of Acute Abdomen among the Pregnant Women.

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Haque, Monoarul; Kamal, Farah; Chowdhury, Shahanaz; Uzzaman, Monir; Aziz, Itrat

2014-09-01

To identify the non-obstetric causes and presentation of acute abdomen among pregnant women. This was a cross sectional hospital-based study among 128 pregnant women by face to face interview using a semi-structured questionnaire. This study was conducted at the Gynecology & Obstetric Ward of 250 Bed General Hospital, Noakhali, Bangladesh, from January to August 2013. Data were analyzed by a software package used for statistical analysis (SPSS) version 11.5 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Mean age of participants was 25±4 years. Our findings showed that 81% were Muslim, 67% were lower middle income group, as well as 47% completed primary level of education. The results revealed that 28% had biliary ascariasis, 24% had peptic ulcer disease and 10% had lower urinary tract infection. We also found that 6% had acute pyelonephritis, 6% had acute gastroenteritis, 6% had acute cholecystitis, 6% had acute appendicitis, 2% had acute pancreatitis, 3% had choledocolithiasis, 2% had ovarian solid mass, 2% had twisted ovarian cyst, 4% had renal colic, and 1% had renal calculus. In non-obstetrical presentation of acute abdomen, the study found that 84% of respondents complained their pain lasting more than 24 hours. Besides, half of respondents felt pain in epigastrium and right hypochondrium. Cramping, prickling and aching type of pain were more, while 66% suffered from continuous pain. Our results also showed that 73% did not explain any aggravating factor and relieving factor, and the rest said food, fasting state and position change aggravated pain as well as relieved pain. The study concludes that precise diagnosis of the acute abdomen in pregnant women by continual updating of abdominal assessment knowledge, and clinical skills is necessary in the management of abdominal pain in obstetric settings.

Incidence of seed migration to the chest, abdomen, and pelvis after transperineal interstitial prostate brachytherapy with loose 125I seeds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sugawara, Akitomo; Shigematsu, Naoyuki; Nakashima, Jun; Kunieda, Etsuo; Nagata, Hirohiko; Mizuno, Ryuichi; Seki, Satoshi; Shiraishi, Yutaka; Kouta, Ryuichi; Oya, Mototsugu

2011-01-01

The aim was to determine the incidence of seed migration not only to the chest, but also to the abdomen and pelvis after transperineal interstitial prostate brachytherapy with loose 125 I seeds. We reviewed the records of 267 patients who underwent prostate brachytherapy with loose 125 I seeds. After seed implantation, orthogonal chest radiographs, an abdominal radiograph, and a pelvic radiograph were undertaken routinely to document the occurrence and sites of seed migration. The incidence of seed migration to the chest, abdomen, and pelvis was calculated. All patients who had seed migration to the abdomen and pelvis subsequently underwent a computed tomography scan to identify the exact location of the migrated seeds. Postimplant dosimetric analysis was undertaken, and dosimetric results were compared between patients with and without seed migration. A total of 19,236 seeds were implanted in 267 patients. Overall, 91 of 19,236 (0.47%) seeds migrated in 66 of 267 (24.7%) patients. Sixty-nine (0.36%) seeds migrated to the chest in 54 (20.2%) patients. Seven (0.036%) seeds migrated to the abdomen in six (2.2%) patients. Fifteen (0.078%) seeds migrated to the pelvis in 15 (5.6%) patients. Seed migration occurred predominantly within two weeks after seed implantation. None of the 66 patients had symptoms related to the migrated seeds. Postimplant prostate D90 was not significantly different between patients with and without seed migration. We showed the incidence of seed migration to the chest, abdomen and pelvis. Seed migration did not have a significant effect on postimplant prostate D90

Ecchymosis and/or haematoma formation after prophylactic administration of subcutaneous enoxaparin in the abdomen or arm of the critically ill patient.

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Jareño-Collado, R; Sánchez-Sánchez, M M; Fraile-Gamo, M P; García-Crespo, N; Barba-Aragón, S; Bermejo-García, H; Sánchez-Izquierdo, R; Sánchez-Muñoz, E I; López-López, A; Arias-Rivera, S

Ecchymosis and/or haematoma are the most common adverse events after subcutaneous administration of low molecular weight heparin. There is no strong recommendation as to the puncture site. To evaluate the adverse events, ecchymosis and/or haematoma after the administration of prophylactic subcutaneous enoxaparin in the abdomen vs the arm in the critically ill patient. A randomised, two-arm clinical trial (injection in the abdomen vs the arm), performed between July 2014 and January 2017, in an 18-bed, polyvalent intensive care unit. Patients receiving prophylactic enoxaparin, admitted >72h, with no liver or haematological disorders, a body mass index (BMI) >18.5, not pregnant, of legal age and with no skin lesions which would impede assessment were included. We excluded patients who died or who were transferred to another hospital before completing the evaluation. We gathered demographic and clinical variables, and the onset of ecchymosis and/or haematomas at the injection site after 12, 24, 48 and 72hours. A descriptive analysis was undertaken, with group comparison and logistic regression. The study was approved by the ethics committee with the signed consent of patients/families. 301 cases (11 excluded): 149 were injected in the abdomen vs 141 in the arm. There were no significant differences in demographic and clinical variables, BMI, enoxaparin dose or antiplatelet administration [ecchymosis, abdomen vs arm, n(%): 66(44) vs 72(51), P=.25] [haematoma abdomen vs arm, n(%): 9(6) vs 14(10), P=.2]. Statistical significance was found in the size of the haematomas after 72h: [area of haematoma (mm 2 ) abdomen vs arm, median (IQR): 2(1-5.25) vs 20(5.25-156), P=.027]. In our patient cohort, prophylactic subcutaneous enoxaparin administered in the abdomen causes fewer haematomas after 72hours, than when administered in the arm. The incidence rate of ecchymosis and haematoma was lower than the published incidence in critically ill patients, although patients receiving

Diagnóstico del abdomen agudo en el consultorio del Médico de Familia

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Caridad Soler Morejón1

2001-08-01

Full Text Available El diagnóstico de afecciones abdominales agudas es a menudo complejo y difícil para el médico práctico, pero más aún si contamos con los recursos diagnósticos limitados de un consultorio médico en el nivel de atención primaria. Es por ello que resulta de utilidad poder disponer de métodos simples y eficaces que permitan mejorar la certeza del diagnóstico y que puedan ser implementados con facilidad en este medio. Tal es el caso de la medición transuretral de la presión intraabdominal.Summary The diagnosis of acute abdominal affections is complex and difficult for practitioners, but it is even more complicated when the diagnostic tools are limited, as it is the case of the family physician’s office at the primary health care level. That’s why, it is useful to have simple and effective methods that allow to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and that may be applied in this setting. That’s what happens with the transurethral measurement of intraabdominal pressure

Neuroendocrine tumors of the abdomen; Neuroendokrine Tumoren des Abdomens

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Juchems, M. [Klinikum Konstanz, Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Konstanz (Germany)

2018-01-15

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia (GEP-NEN) are a heterogeneous group of complex tumors, which is often difficult to classify due to heterogeneity and varying locations. Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron-emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) are available for the localization of NEN as well as for the staging. In particular, nuclear medical examination methods with somatostatin analogues are of great importance since radioactively labeled receptor ligands make tumors visible with high sensitivity. CT and MRT have high detection rates for GEP-NEN and have been further improved by developments such as diffusion weighted imaging. The nuclear medical methods, however, are superior in detection, especially in gastrointestinal NEN It is important for the radiologist to become acquainted with the NEN as they can occur ubiquitously in the abdomen and should be identified as such. Since GEP-NEN are predominantly hypervascularized, a biphasic examination technique is obligatory for contrast-enhanced cross-sectional imaging. PET/CT with somatostatin analogs should be used for further diagnosis. (orig.) [German] Gastroenteropankreatische neuroendokrine Neoplasien (GEP-NEN) sind eine heterogene Gruppe komplexer Tumoren, deren Einteilung aufgrund der Heterogenitaet und unterschiedlichen Lokalisation haeufig schwerfaellt. Fuer die Lokalisation der NEN sowie zur Ausbreitungsdiagnostik und Metastasensuche stehen Ultraschalldiagnostik, Computertomographie (CT), Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) und die Positronenemissionstomographie-Computertomographie (PET-CT) zur Verfuegung. Insbesondere nuklearmedizinische Untersuchungsmethoden mit Somatostatinanaloga sind von hoher Wertigkeit, da sie ueber radioaktiv markierte Rezeptoliganden Tumoren mit hoher Sensitivitaet sichtbar machen. CT und MRT haben hohe Detektionsraten bei den GEP-NEN und konnten durch Weiterentwicklungen, wie Diffusionsbildgebung, weiter

Fibrilação atrial, infarto agudo do miocárdio e oclusão arterial aguda em paciente jovem com hipertireoidismo

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Fabrício Thebit Bortolon

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Relato de caso de paciente jovem com hipertireoidismo não diagnosticado, apresentando quadro de fibrilação atrial, infarto agudo do miocárdio e oclusão arterial aguda de perna direita. Submetido à trombólise, embolectomia e iniciado tratamento para hipertireoidismo com tapazol. A evolução foi satisfatória, com reversão da alteração eletrocardiográfica isquêmica, melhora dos sintomas de oclusão arterial, controle do ritmo cardíaco e da função tireoidiana.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kulkarni, M.V.

1986-01-01

MRI of the abdomen currently competes with CT and ultrasonography as an imaging technique for abdominal pathology. Although ultrasonography has certain advantages, such as real-time scanning, the major comparison is to be made between MR and CT. CT has slightly superior spatial resolution and minimal motion artifacts, and enables the use of contrast agents in bowel. MR, on the other hand, has improved capabilities in contrasting soft tissues and providing multiplanar imaging. The greatest advantage of CT is the experience that the medical community has gained with it over the last decade. Further development in technology and improvement in the clinical experience with MR will be important in determining its future role in abdominal imaging. Large series of clinical trials are required for further experience. Chemical spectroscopy with proton and possibly other nuclei may improve diagnostic specificity. Paramagnetic contrast agents for bowel specification would certainly improve imaging quality. Thus, MR will play a significant role in abdominal imaging in the future

Diverticulitis yeyunal perforada por enterolito.

OpenAIRE

Marenco De la Cuadra, Beatriz; Gomez-Rosado, Juan-Carlos; Capitan-Morales, Luis-Cristobal; Valdés Hernández, Javier; Reyes-lopera, N.J. De los

2012-01-01

La diverticulosis yeyunal es una enfermedad adquirida rara. Casi el 60-70% keeps asymptomátic or Con síntomas crónicos inespecíficos, aunque puede presentarse como un abdomen agudo. La perforación debida a enterolitos es una causa extremadamente rara do complicación, y puede producirse por la impactación de ésta contra la pared intestinal. Presentamos caso de un varón de 82 años que acude a urgencias por un dolor súbito abdominal, difuso, con irritación peritoneal, leucocitosis con neutro...

Reacción anafiláctica secundaria a quiste hidatídico hepático roto

OpenAIRE

Morales G,Juan L; Tapia C,Claudio; Muñoz C,César; Otero V,Eduardo; Rebolledo R,Ricardo

2011-01-01

La hidatidosis es una enfermedad parasitaria, zoonótica y endémica de gran importancia en nuestro país. El quiste hidatídico no complicado suele ser asintomático y es más frecuente encontrarlo en población adulta, siendo infrecuente su diagnóstico en la población pediátrica. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 4 años de edad derivada al Servicio de Urgencia del Hospital de Chillán por cuadro de abdomen agudo posterior a trauma abdominal con manubrio de bicicleta, cuyo estudio tomográfico r...

Intrarectal negative pressure system in the management of open abdomen with colorectal fistula: A case report☆

Science.gov (United States)

Yetişir, Fahri; Salman, A. Ebru; Mamedov, Ruslan; Aksoy, Mustafa; Yalcin, Abdussamet; Kayaalp, Cüneyt

2014-01-01

INTRODUCTION To present the management of open abdomen with colorectal fistula by application of intrarectal negative pressure system (NPS) in addition to abdominal NPS. PRESENTATION OF CASE Twenty-year old man had a history of injuries by a close-range gunshot to the abdomen eight days ago and he had been treated by bowel repairs, resections, jejunal anastomosis and Hartman's procedure. He was referred to our center after deterioration, evisceration with open abdomen and enteric fistula in septic shock. There were edematous, fibrinous bowels and large multiple fistulas from the edematous rectal stump. APACHE II, Mannheim Peritoneal Index and Björck scores were 18, 33 and 3, respectively (expected mortality 100%). After intensive care for 5 days, he was treated by abdominal and intrarectal NPS. NPS repeated for 5 times and the fistula was recovered on day 18 completely. Fascial closure was facilitated with a dynamic abdominal closure system (ABRA) and he was discharged on day 33 uneventfully. There was no herniation and any other problem after 12 months follow-up. DISCUSSION Management of fistula in OA can be extremely challenging. Floating stoma, fistula VAC, nipple VAC, ring and silo VAC, fistula intubation systems are used for isolation of the enteric effluent from OA. Several biologic dressings such as acellular dermal matrix, pedicled flaps have been used to seal the fistula opening with various success. Resection of the involved enteric loop and a new anastomosis of the intestine is very hard and rarely possible. In all of these reports, usually patients are left to heal with a giant hernia. In contrast to this, there is no hernia in our case during one year follow up period. CONCLUSION Combination of intra and extra luminal negative pressure systems and ABRA is a safe and successful method to manage open abdomen with colorectal fistula. PMID:24584042

Intrarectal negative pressure system in the management of open abdomen with colorectal fistula: A case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Yetişir, Fahri; Salman, A Ebru; Mamedov, Ruslan; Aksoy, Mustafa; Yalcin, Abdussamet; Kayaalp, Cüneyt

2014-01-01

To present the management of open abdomen with colorectal fistula by application of intrarectal negative pressure system (NPS) in addition to abdominal NPS. Twenty-year old man had a history of injuries by a close-range gunshot to the abdomen eight days ago and he had been treated by bowel repairs, resections, jejunal anastomosis and Hartman's procedure. He was referred to our center after deterioration, evisceration with open abdomen and enteric fistula in septic shock. There were edematous, fibrinous bowels and large multiple fistulas from the edematous rectal stump. APACHE II, Mannheim Peritoneal Index and Björck scores were 18, 33 and 3, respectively (expected mortality 100%). After intensive care for 5 days, he was treated by abdominal and intrarectal NPS. NPS repeated for 5 times and the fistula was recovered on day 18 completely. Fascial closure was facilitated with a dynamic abdominal closure system (ABRA) and he was discharged on day 33 uneventfully. There was no herniation and any other problem after 12 months follow-up. Management of fistula in OA can be extremely challenging. Floating stoma, fistula VAC, nipple VAC, ring and silo VAC, fistula intubation systems are used for isolation of the enteric effluent from OA. Several biologic dressings such as acellular dermal matrix, pedicled flaps have been used to seal the fistula opening with various success. Resection of the involved enteric loop and a new anastomosis of the intestine is very hard and rarely possible. In all of these reports, usually patients are left to heal with a giant hernia. In contrast to this, there is no hernia in our case during one year follow up period. Combination of intra and extra luminal negative pressure systems and ABRA is a safe and successful method to manage open abdomen with colorectal fistula. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Trastornos psiquiátricos frecuentes post infarto agudo al miocardio y su relación pronóstica. Revisión de la literatura.

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Manuel Mallol Simmonds

2017-07-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad cardiovascular es la principal causa de muerte a nivel mundial. De ella, el Infarto Agudo al Miocardio (IAM y el Accidente Cerebrovascular (AVC se encuentran fuertemente asociados a los cambios ambientales y sociales del último tiempo, tales como aumento de ingesta de comida rápida, sedentarismo, tabaquismo, entre otros. Algunos trastornos psiquiátricos que aparecen a corto y largo plazo posterior al evento coronario agudo tienen una implicancia directa en la morbimortalidad cardiovascular y global. De ellos, la depresión representa el trastorno psiquiátrico más frecuente, pudiendo encontrarse en 3 de cada 10 pacientes que tuvieron un IAM. La depresión aumenta las hospitalizaciones, disminuye la adherencia terapéutica y empeora el pronóstico cardiovascular a largo plazo.  La fisiopatología en lo anterior es explicada en parte por alteraciones en el eje neuroendocrino y la respuesta al estrés, mientras que otros fenómenos permanecen aún desconocidos. Dentro de otros trastornos psiquiátricos asociados a un IAM se encuentran el delirium, ansiedad y trastornos de la personalidad. En función de lo anterior, se hace necesaria la incorporación de un sistema continuo de monitoreo y apoyo en salud mental en este grupo de pacientes para mejorar tanto su pronóstico como la calidad de vida.

Efectos agudos de la actividad física y los videojuegos activos sobre las funciones cognitivas en jóvenes y adultos mayores

OpenAIRE

López García, Jesús

2017-01-01

La presente tesis doctoral consiste en intentar aportar nuevas evidencias científicas que traten de ampliar y clarificar el conocimiento existente referente a los efectos agudos de la actividad física aeróbica y los videojuegos activos sobre las funciones cognitivas en dos muestras poblacionales diferentes: los jóvenes adultos y los adultos mayores. Como síntesis general, podríamos indicar que el fin de las series experimentales desarrolladas en esta tesis tratan de estudiar si la práctic...

Abdome agudo em pós-operatório tardio de apendicite aguda: pode não ser bridas

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Bruno Castro Fernandes

2014-10-01

Full Text Available As ressecções intestinais em países desenvolvidos ocorrem devido às malformações congênitas. Em países em desenvolvimento essas resseções ocorrem por causas potencialmente evitáveis, como invaginação intestinal irredutível, trauma abdominal fechado, volvo de jejuno-íleo, enterocolite necrosante, hérnia inguinal estrangulada e obstrução por bridas pós-operatórias. O volvo intestinal na infância é raro e geralmente de causas iatrogênicas causado, por exemplo, pela presença de grampos soltos a cavidade intestinal após apendicectomia laparoscópica. O volvo de jejuno-íleo pode ser secundário à isquemia nos casos de gastrosquise tratadas com silo ou mesmo pela colocação de banda gástrica pós-laparoscopia, ou ainda pela presença de lipoma mesentérico. Não foi identificado trabalho na literatura recente sobre volvo jejuno-íleo e isquemia e necrose de segmento de alça intestinal. O autores relatam um caso de abdome agudo obstrutivo em criança de 6 anos, em pós-operatório tardio (4 anos de apendicectomia aberta e cuja ressecção de segmento de Alça intestinal foi necessária nas duas oportunidades mas por motivos diferentes. Situações adversas em abdome agudo pós-operatório podem não ser por aderências intestinais, mas por situações mais graves e o cirurgião deve estar preparado para corrigir sua tática operatória.

Emergency surgery for complicated colorectal cancer in central Brazil

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Alex Caetano dos Santos

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Objective: to report clinical and pathological features of patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed during emergency abdominal surgery. Methods: records of 107 patients operated between 2006 and 2010 were reviewed. Results: there were 58 women and 49 men with mean age of 59.8 years. The most frequent symptoms were: abdominal pain (97.2%, no bowel movements (81.3%, vomiting (76.6%, and anorexia (40.2%. Patients were divided into five groups: obstructive acute abdomen (n = 68, obstructive acute perforation (n = 21, obstructive acute inflammation (n = 13, abdominal sepsis (n = 3, and severe gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 2. Tumors were located in the rectosigmoid (51.4%, transverse colon (19.6%, ascendent colon (12.1%, descendent colon (11.2%, and 5.6% of the cases presented association of two colon tumors (synchronic tumors. The surgical treatment was: tumor resection with colostomy (85%, tumor resection with primary anastomosis (10.3%, and colostomy without tumor resection (4.7%. Immediate mortality occurred in 33.4% of the patients. Bivariate analysis of sex, tumor location and stage showed no relation to death (p > 0.05%. Conclusions: colorectal cancer may be the cause of colon obstruction or perfuration in patients with nonspecific colonic complaints. Despite the high mortality rate, resection of tumor is feasible in most patients. Resumo: Objetivo: analisar os aspectos clinicos e patológicos de pacientes operados de cancer colorretal diagnosticados durante operações abdominais de urgencia. Métodos: foram estudados os prontuários de 107 pacientes operados entre 2006 e 2010. Resultados: Foram incluidos 58 mulheres e 49 homens com idade media de 59,8 anos. Os sintomas mais frequentes foram: dor abdominal (97,2%, parade de eliminação de gases e fezes (81,3%, vomitos (76,6% e anorexia (40,2%. Os pacientes foram divididos em cinco grupos: abdomen agudo obstrutivo (68, abdomen agudo perfurativo (21, abdomen agudo inflamatorio (13

Honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica) swing abdomen to dissipate residual flying energy landing on a wall

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Zhao, Jieliang; Huang, He; Yan, Shaoze

2017-03-01

Whether for insects or for aircrafts, landing is one of the indispensable links in the verification of airworthiness safety. The mechanisms by which insects achieve a fast and stable landing remain unclear. An intriguing example is provided by honeybees (Apis mellifera ligustica), which use the swinging motion of their abdomen to dissipate residual flying energy and to achieve a smooth, stable, and quick landing. By using a high-speed camera, we observed that touchdown is initiated by honeybees extending their front legs or antennae and then landing softly on a wall. After touchdown, they swing the rest of their bodies until all flying energy is dissipated. We suggested a simplified model with mass-spring dampers for the body of the honeybee and revealed the mechanism of flying energy transfer and dissipation in detail. Results demonstrate that body translation and abdomen swinging help honeybees dissipate residual flying energy and orchestrate smooth landings. The initial kinetic energy of flying is transformed into the kinetic energy of the abdomen's rotary movement. Then, the kinetic energy of rotary movement is converted into thermal energy during the swinging cycle. This strategy provides more insight into the mechanism of insect flying, which further inspires better design on aerial vehicle with better landing performance.

Entrance doses during lateral lumbar spine and antero-posterior abdomen examinations: generator waveform dependence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morrison, G.D.; Underwood, A.C.

1995-01-01

In North Trent, UK, an entrance dose survey of lateral lumbar spine and antero-posterior (AP) abdomen examinations has been carried out in 17 radiology departments. The survey comprised 294 lateral lumbar spine and 322 AP abdomen entrance dose measurements. The mean entrance doses were found to be approximately half of the relevant national reference entrance dose levels of 30 mGy and 10 mGy, respectively. The effect of generator waveform on entrance dose was studied by separating the generators into two types: ''pulsating potential'' (PP) generators and ''constant potential'' (CP) generators for each examination. PP generators comprised 23% of the total number of examinations. The mean entrance dose and radiographic exposure factors from CP generators were found to be significantly lower than those from PP generators. The use of CP type generators, together with low attenuation components can significantly reduce patient entrance doses for these examinations. (author)

Impact of quality control radiation doses received by patients undergoing abdomen x-ray examination in ten hospitals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aghahadi, B.; Zhang, Z.; Zareh, S.; Sarkar, S.; Tayebi, P. S.

2006-01-01

The X-ray machines used for radiodiagnosis should meet certain quality assurance programmes. These are necessary to have good quality radiographs at reasonably low exposure to patients. Materials and Methods: Dose reduction methods in abdomen X-ray examination were carried out in 10 hospitals in Tehran. This paper presents the work, which was implemented on 200 patients and evaluated using the entrance skin dose in the Anterior-Posterior abdomen projection measured directly at the center of the X-ray field. In addition, the machine room, and dark room parameters, as well as work practices and repeat rates were studied. Results: The quality control parameters and the entrance skin dose were evaluated utilizing an anthropologic phantom to define the optimal exposure condition at all hospitals before and after quality control . Results show that after using the quality control parameters and optimization of the exposure conditions, the mean of mAs and entrance skin dose can be decreased by 62% and 65% respectively. Conclusion: The quality of the radiographs generally increased. The reported method is easily implemented in any clinical situation where optimization of abdomen radiography is necessary

MR imaging of the abdomen in pregnancy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klasen, J.; Antoch, G.; Blondin, D.

2011-01-01

Sonography is still the method of choice for imaging diseases in pregnant women. The changed physiognomy of the women increases the known limitations of sonography while the advantages of MRI (large field of view, excellent soft-tissue contrast, sensitive diagnosis of edema) are not affected. The available sequences allow the differentiation of various pathologies. Most of these can frequently be visualized without intravenous administration of contrast material. Although the significance of techniques like DWI and ASL has not yet been explored, initial descriptions are promising and MR imaging in pregnancy will be increasingly important in the future. Therefore, knowledge of the most frequent diseases in pregnancy and their image appearance is relevant to radiologists. The advantages of MRI in comparison to sonography and its important role in imaging pathologies of the acute abdomen in pregnancy are illustrated and discussed. (orig.)

The role of the computerized axial tomography(CT) of the abdomen and pelvis in follow-up studies for the follicular lymphoma patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oh, Y.K.; Ha, C.S.; McLaughlin, P.; Cabanillas, F.; Hess, M.A.; Cox, J. D.

1997-01-01

Purpose/Objective: A large proportion of patients with stage I, II or III follicular lymphoma remains free of recurrence for a long period of time after a complete response(CR) to the initial treatment. The yield of the costly follow-up tests, especially the CT of the abdomen and pelvis, for this indolent lymphoma has not been systematically studied. Materials and Methods: A total of 328 patients with previously untreated stage I, II or III follicular lymphoma were treated at our institution between 1978 and 1994. Two hundred fifty seven patients achieved CR to treatments: seventy eight of them relapsed. Their median age was 55 years. Their stages were; I-15, II-28, III-35. Their treatments were; radiation therapy-15, chemotherapy-12, combined modality with radiation and chemotherapy-51. The medical records of these 78 patients were reviewed in detail to analyze the yield of the CT of the abdomen and pelvis in detecting the recurrence relative to history/physical exam(H/PE), complete blood count(CBC), serum chemistry, chest roentgenogram(CXR), and KUB to visualize the residual lymphangiogram dye(KUB/LAG). A positive study was defined as one which led to or was abnormal at the time of the diagnosis of recurrence. Results: The median follow-up period was 101 months. Patients were usually followed in the clinic every 3 to 6 months for the initial 5 years and then yearly thereafter. The number of the positive studies per total number of follow-up studies performed in the period between CR and recurrence were; H/PE-55/568, CBC-1/534, serum chemistry-5/517, CXR-6/488, KUB/LAG-13/190, CT of abdomen-29/259, CT of pelvis-19/242. Eleven relapses were detected only by CT of abdomen and pelvis. Conclusion: Fourteen percent ((11(78))) of the relapses were detected solely by CT of the abdomen and pelvis. This implies 4.3 % ((11(257))) of the patients who achieved CR benefited from the CT of the abdomen and pelvis for recurrence detection. The yield of the routine use of the CT

Abdome agudo por obstrução por ileobiliar

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Márcia Cristina de Alencastro

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: descrever a experiência na abordagem dos doentes com abdome agudo por obstrução por IB, desde o diagnóstico até o tratamento definitivo. MÉTODOS: estudo retrospectivo incluindo todos os casos de IB tratados em um período de 23 anos. De acordo com a abordagem cirúrgica realizada, os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos (1 enterolitotomia com colecistectomia no segundo momento; e (2 enterolitotomia, colecistectomia e abordagem da fístula. RESULTADOS: Doze pacientes foram incluídos, sendo 11 mulheres (91,6%, com média de idade de 72,2 anos. Todos os pacientes apresentavam doenças associadas, principalmente hipertensão arterial sistêmica (75%. Dois pacientes não apresentavam sintomas significativos de obstrução intestinal. O diagnóstico de IB foi realizado em seis pacientes (50% antes da laparotomia. O grupo 1 foi constituído de oito pacientes e o grupo 2 de quatro, e a morbidade foi, respectivamente, 33,3% e 8,3%. A mortalidade foi 16,6% (um paciente de cada grupo. CONCLUSÃO: O manejo do IB deve ser individualizado. O tratamento da obstrução mediante remoção do cálculo biliar por enterotomia proximal é a escolha inicial para o tratamento do IB. A colecistectomia e a correção da fístula bilioentérica podem ser realizadas juntamente com a remoção do cálculo, no entanto, em pacientes com comorbidades significativas, esses procedimentos devem ser realizados posteriormente.

Prostheses size dependency of the mechanical response of the herniated human abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Simón-Allué, R; Hernández-Gascón, B; Lèoty, L; Bellón, J M; Peña, E; Calvo, B

2016-12-01

Hernia repairs still exhibit clinical complications, i.e. recurrence, discomfort and pain and mesh features are thought to be highly influent. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the defect size and mesh type in an herniated abdominal wall using numerical models. To do so, we have started from a FE model based on a real human abdomen geometry obtained by MRI, where we have provoked an incisional hernia of three different sizes. The surgical procedure was simulated by covering the hernia with a prostheses, and three surgical meshes with distinct mechanical properties were used for the hernia repair: an isotropic heavy-weight mesh (Surgipro @ ), a slightly anisotropic light-weight mesh (Optilene @ ) and a highly anisotropic medium-weight mesh (Infinit @ ). The mechanical response of the wall to a high intraabdominal pressure (corresponding to a coughing motion) was analyzed here. Our findings suggest that the anisotropy of the mesh becomes more relevant with the increase of the defect size. Additionally, according to our results Optilene @ showed the closest deformation to the natural distensibility of the abdomen while Infinit @ should be carefully used due to its excessive compliance.

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the abdomen with pulse triggering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muertz, P.; Pauleit, D.; Traeber, F.; Kreft, B.P.; Schild, H.H.

2000-01-01

Purpose: The aim of this work was to reduce the influence of motion on diffusion-weighted MR images of the abdomen by pulse triggering of single-shot sequences. Methods: Five healthy volunteers were examined both without and with finger pulse-triggering of a diffusion-weighted single-shot echo planar MR imaging sequence at 1.5 T. Series of diffusion-weighted images were acquired at different phases of the cardiac cycle by varying the time delay between finger pulse and sequence acquisition. The measurements were repeated three times. The diffusion weighted images were analysed by measuring the signal intensities and by determining the ADC values within the spleen, kidney and liver. Results: The magnitude of motion artifacts on diffusion weighted images shows a strong dependence on the trigger delay. The optimum trigger delay is found to be between 500 and 600 ms. For these values the abdominal organs appear homogeneous on all diffusion weighted images and the strongest signal intensities are detected. At optimum triggering the accuracy of the apparent diffusion coefficients is up to 10 times better than without triggering. Moreover, the standard deviation of the repeated measurements is smaller than 12% for all volunteers and for all organs. Without triggering the standard deviation is larger by a factor of 4 on average. Conclusion: Pulse triggering of single-shot sequences leads to significant reduction of motion related artifacts on diffusion weighted images of the abdomen and provides more accurate and reproducible ADC values. (orig.) [de

Bridging exchange bias effect in NiO and Ni(core)@NiO(shell) nanoparticles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rinaldi-Montes, Natalia, E-mail: nataliarin@gmail.com [Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33007 Oviedo (Spain); Gorria, Pedro [Departamento de Física & IUTA, EPI, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33203 Gijón (Spain); Martínez-Blanco, David [Servicios Científico-Técnicos, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33006 Oviedo (Spain); Fuertes, Antonio B. [Instituto Nacional del Carbón, CSIC, E-33080 Oviedo (Spain); Fernández Barquín, Luis [CITIMAC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cantabria, E-39005 Santander (Spain); Puente-Orench, Inés [Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza and Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 (France); Blanco, Jesús A. [Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33007 Oviedo (Spain)

2016-02-15

Among all bi-magnetic core(transition metal)@shell(transition metal oxide) nanoparticles (NPs), Ni@NiO ones show an onset temperature for the exchange bias (EB) effect far below the Néel temperature of bulk antiferromagnetic NiO. In this framework, the role played by the magnetism of NiO at the nanoscale is investigated by comparing the microstructure and magnetic properties of NiO and Ni@NiO NPs. With the aim of bridging the two systems, the diameter of the NiO NPs (~4 nm) is chosen to be comparable to the shell thickness of Ni@NiO ones (~2 nm). The EB effect in Ni@NiO NPs is attributed to the exchange coupling between the core and the shell, with an interfacial exchange energy of ΔE~0.06 erg cm{sup −2}, thus comparable to previous reports on Ni/NiO interfaces both in thin film and NP morphologies. In contrast, the EB detected in NiO NPs is explained in a picture where uncompensated spins located on a magnetically disordered surface shell are exchange coupled to the antiferromagnetic core. In all the studied NPs, the variation of the EB field as a function of temperature is described according to a negative exponential law with a similar decay constant, yielding a vanishing EB effect around T~40–50 K. In addition, the onset temperature for the EB effect in both NiO and Ni@NiO NPs seems to follow a universal dependence with the NiO crystallite size. - Highlights: • Comparison of the exchange bias effect in NiO and Ni(core)@NiO(shell) nanoparticles. • Universal temperature dependence of the exchange bias effect. • Suggested similar physical origin of the effect in both systems. • Size and crystallinity of the NiO shell hold the key for exchange bias properties.

Results of emergency management of acute abdomen in adults based on clinical assessment and basic imaging investigations: are advanced imaging techniques always necessary for successful treatment?

OpenAIRE

Sangram Karandikar

2016-01-01

Background: The term acute abdomen refers to signs and symptoms of abdominal pain and tenderness, a clinical presentation that may require emergency surgical treatment. Patients suffering from both, surgical as well as medical diseases may present with acute abdomen. The main objectives of the study are to identify common causes of acute abdomen, to assess the need for urgent surgical intervention in these patients and to evaluate role of basic diagnostic techniques and need of advanced imagi...

Efectividad del modelo de cuidado de enfermería para la familia de paciente con infarto agudo al miocardio en la unidad de cuidados intensivos

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David Jahel Garcia Avendaño

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Este protocolo de investigación tiene la finalidad de intervenir con la familia y determinar la efectividad del Modelo de Cuidado de Enfermería para la Familia de Paciente con Infarto Agudo al Miocardio (IAM en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de intervención familiar. Resultados y Discusión: El 100% de las familias respondió afirmativamente que la enfermera familiar les informo sobre los cuidados a realizar en la familia según las necesidades detectadas, estableció un plan de intervención en la familia mismo que cumplió y se interesó para que dentro de lo posible la estancia en la familia sea agradable. Conclusiones: Los resultados de esta investigación de intervención a las familias de paciente con IAM en las UCI aporta resultados que apoyan la importancia de aplicar un Modelo de Cuidado de Enfermería Familiar en dichas unidades.Cómo citar este artículo: García DJ, Estrada MC, Gallegos M, Antuna AB. Efectividad del modelo de cuidado de enfermería para la familia de paciente con infarto agudo al miocardio en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Rev Cuid. 2015; 6(1: 923-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v6i1.166

Open abdomen procedure in managing abdominal compartment syndrome in a child with severe fungal peritonitis and sepsis after gastric perforation

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Wei Lai

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Abdominal compartment syndrome with increased abdominal pressure resulted in multi-organ dysfunctions can be lethal in children. The open abdomen procedure intentionally leaves the abdominal cavity open in patients with severe abdominal sepsis and abdominal compartment syndrome by temporarily relieving the abdominal pressure. We reported our experience of open abdomen procedure in successfully treating a 4-year old boy with abdominal compartment syndrome caused by severe fungal peritonitis and sepsis after gastric perforation.

Acute abdomen. Clinical background and demands on imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Graeb, C.; Jauch, K.W.; Reiser, M.; Graser, A.

2010-01-01

The term ''acute abdomen'' does not describe a specific disease entity but is more a critical clinical state which incorporates very heterogeneous clinical presentations. The prognosis of any disease depends on the time frame from the onset of symptoms to the initiation of a specific therapy. For this reason there are special expectations by clinicians regarding the diagnostic assessment provided by radiology which is expected to deliver an immediate diagnosis supporting further therapeutic decisions. Along with the patient's clinical history, physical examination and blood tests, radiological diagnostics are essential for enabling a specific treatment. From a surgical point of view the radiologist is expected to help in differentiating between cases with indications for emergency surgery and cases eligible for elective surgery or conservative treatment. (orig.) [de

[The acute (surgical) abdomen - epidemiology, diagnosis and general principles of management].

Science.gov (United States)

Grundmann, R T; Petersen, M; Lippert, H; Meyer, F

2010-06-01

This review comments on epidemiology, diagnosis and general principles of surgical management in patients with acute abdomen. DEFINITION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY: The most common cause of acute abdominal pain is non-specific abdominal pain (24 - 44.3 % of the study populations), followed by acute appendicitis (15.9 - 28.1 %), acute biliary disease (2.9 - 9.7 %) and bowel obstruction or diverticulitits in elderly patients. Acute appendicitis represents the cause of surgical intervention in two-thirds of the children with acute abdomen. A standardised physical examination combined with ultrasonography (US) represents the initial investigation in patients with acute abdominal pain. Due to the risk associated with radiation and due to the costs, a selective use of CT imaging is recommended. The work-flow given in this paper restricts the use of CT imaging to less than 50 % of patients with acute abdominal pain. Diagnostic laparoscopy should be considered in patients without a specific diagnosis after appropriate imaging and as an alternative to active clinical observation which is the current practice in patients with non-specific abdominal pain. Acute small bowel obstruction has previously been considered as a relative contraindication for laparoscopic management, but it has been shown in the meantime that laparoscopic treatment is an elegant tool for the management of simple band small bowel obstruction. Bedside diagnostic laparoscopy is recommended in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute abdomen or sepsis of unknown origin, in suspicion of acute cholecystitis, diffuse gut hypoperfusion and mesenteric ischaemia or in refractory lactic acidosis, especially after cardiac surgery. Early administration of analgesia to patients with acute abdominal pain in the emergency department will reduce the patient's discomfort without impairing clinically important diagnostic accuracy and is recommended on the basis of some prospective randomised trials. However, the impact on

Independent predictors of enteric fistula and abdominal sepsis after damage control laparotomy: results from the prospective AAST Open Abdomen registry.

Science.gov (United States)

Bradley, Matthew J; Dubose, Joseph J; Scalea, Thomas M; Holcomb, John B; Shrestha, Binod; Okoye, Obi; Inaba, Kenji; Bee, Tiffany K; Fabian, Timothy C; Whelan, James F; Ivatury, Rao R

2013-10-01

Enterocutaneous fistula (ECF), enteroatmospheric fistula (EAF), and intra-abdominal sepsis/abscess (IAS) are major challenges for surgeons caring for patients undergoing damage control laparotomy after trauma. To determine independent predictors of ECF, EAF, or IAS in patients undergoing damage control laparotomy after trauma, using the AAST Open Abdomen Registry. The AAST Open Abdomen registry of patients with an open abdomen following damage control laparotomy was used to identify patients who developed ECF, EAF, or IAS and to compare these patients with those without these complications. Univariate analyses were performed to compare these groups of patients. Variables from univariate analyses differing at P IAS. Fourteen level I trauma centers. A total of 517 patients with an open abdomen following damage control laparotomy. Complication of ECF, EAF, or IAS. More patients in the ECF/EAF/IAS group than in the group without these complications underwent bowel resection (63 of 111 patients [57%] vs 133 of 406 patients [33%]; P 48 hours after surgery, the ECF/EAF/IAS group received more colloids (P IAS group underwent almost twice as many abdominal reexplorations as did the group without these complications (mean [SD] number, 4.1 [4.1] vs 2.2 [3.4]; P IAS were a large bowel resection (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.56 [95% CI, 1.88-6.76]; P 48 hours of between 5 and 10 L (AOR, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.15-3.88]; P = .02) or more than 10 L (AOR, 1.93 [95% CI, 1.04-3.57]; P = .04), and an increasing number of reexplorations (AOR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.06-1.21]; P IAS in patients with an open abdomen after damage control laparotomy.

Bilateral ovarian teratoma presenting with a clinical picture of acute abdomen

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Massimiliano Rocchietti March

2012-12-01

Full Text Available We describe the case of a 30-year-old patient with bilateral mature cystic teratoma (MCT of the ovaries. The patient had been complaining of mild abdominal pain for several months that had suddenly become severe. Early diagnosis at the emergency room was acute appendicitis, but definitive diagnosis was bilateral ovarian teratoma. We therefore recommend considering ovarian teratomas in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen in young women in an emergency care setting.

Microstructural development in NiAl/Ni-Si-B/Ni transient liquid phase bonds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gale, W.F.; Orel, S.V.

1996-01-01

A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) based investigation of microstructural development during transient liquid phase bonding of near-stoichiometric NiAl to commercial purity nickel is presented in this article. The work described employed Ni-4.5 wt pct Si-3.2 wt pct B (BNi-3) melt-spun interlayers. The precipitation of both Ni-Al based phases and borides within the joint and adjacent substrate regions is discussed. The article considers martensite formation (within the NiAl substrate) and the precipitation of L1 2 type phases (both within the joint and at the interface with the NiAl substrate). The relative roles of the two substrate materials (NiAl and Ni) in the isothermal resolidification process are identified. The preferential formation of Ni 3 B boride phases in the Ni substrate near the original location of the Ni substrate-joint interface is discussed and contrasted with the absence of similar events in the NiAl substrate

Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo: uma causa rara de choque cardiogênico simulando infarto agudo do miocárdio Takotsubo cardiomiopathy: a rare cause of cardiogenic shock simulating acute myocardial infarction

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Jayro Thadeu Paiva de Vasconcelos

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo é uma causa rara de aneurisma ventricular esquerdo agudo, na ausência de coronariopatia, só recentemente descrita na literatura mundial. Os sintomas podem assemelhar-se aos do infarto agudo do miocárdio com dor torácica típica. A imagem do balonamento ventricular sugestivo de haltere ou "Takotsubo" (dispositivo utilizado no Japão para prender Octopus é característico desta nova síndrome e usualmente há desaparecimento do movimento discinético até o 18º dia do início dos sintomas, em média.Takotsubo Cardiomiopathy is a rare cause of acute left ventricular aneurysm, in the absence of coronariopathy, only recently described in world literature. Symptoms may be similar to those from acute myocardial infarction with typical thoracic pain. The image of dumbbell or Takotsubo (a device used in Japan to capture octopus suggestive ventricular ballooning is characteristic of that new syndrome and there is usually the disappearing of dyskinetic movement up to the 18th day from the beginning of the symptoms, in average.

Internal carbonitriding behavior of Ni-V, Ni-Cr, and Ni-3Nb alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Allen, A.T.; Douglass, D.L.

1999-01-01

Ni-2V, Ni-5V, Ni-12V, Ni-10Cr, Ni-20Cr, and Ni-3Nb alloys were carbonitrided in C 3 H 6 and NH 3 gas mixtures (bal H 2 ) over the range 700--1,000 C. Carbonitridation of Ni-12V and Ni-20Cr in C 3 H 6 /NH 3 /H 2 (1.5/1.5/97 v/o) and (1.5/10/88.5 v/o) produced duplex subscales consisting of near-surface nitrides with underlying carbides. Growth of each zone obeyed the parabolic rate law under most conditions. The presence of carbon generally did not effect the depth of the nitride zones compared to nitriding the alloys in NH 3 /H 2 (10/90 v/o). However, at 700 C, the nitride zones were deeper in the carbonitrided Ni-V alloys and Ni-20Cr. The presence of nitrogen generally increased the depth of the carbide zones in Ni-12V and Ni-20Cr compared to carburizing these alloys in C 3 H 6 /H 2 (1.5/98.5 v/o). VN, CrN, and NbN formed in Ni-V, Ni-Cr, and Ni-Nb alloys, respectively, whereas the underlying carbide layers contained V 4 C 3 in Ni-12V, Cr 3 C 2 above a zone of Cr 7 C 3 in Ni-20Cr, and NbC in Ni-3Nb. The solubilities and diffusivities of nitrogen and carbon in nickel were determined. Nitrogen and carbon each exhibited retrograde solubility with temperature in pure Ni in both carbonitriding environments. Nitrogen diffusion in nickel was generally lower in each carbonitriding mixture compared to nitrogen diffusion in a nitriding environment, except at 700 C when nitrogen diffusion was higher. Carbon diffusion in nickel was generally higher in the carbonitriding environments compared to carbon diffusion in a carburizing environment

Edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal – Caso clínico

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Maria de Lurdes Castro

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal é um acontecimento raro (≈ 0,1%1. A etiologia é multifactorial, sendo a obstrução da via aérea superior o factor desencadeante principal. O esforço inspiratório contra a glote encerrada causa pressões intratorácicas muito negativas, que se transmitem ao interstício pul-monar, condicionando uma transudação de fluidos a partir dos vasos capilares pulmonares1−5. Relatamos um caso de edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação num doente de quinze anos, operado no serviço de urgência por amputação traumática da perna esquer-da. Revemos a fisiopatologia, o padrão radiológico, potenciais factores de risco e medidas preventivas des-ta complicação respiratória pós-anestésica.Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (3: 537-541 Abstract: Negative pressure pulmonary oedema is an uncommon complication of traqueal extubation (≈ 0,1% mostly caused by acute upper airway obstruction. Upper airway obstruction from glottis closure leads to marked inspiratory effort, which generates negative intrathoracic pressure transmitting to pulmonary interstitium, and inducing fluid transudation from pulmonary capillary bed1−5. We report a case of post-extubation pulmonary oedema in a fifteen years old patient, submitted to surgery following traumatic amputation of his left leg. We review the pathophysiology, radiological findings, potential risk factors and preventive measures of this post-anaesthetic respiratory complication.Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (3: 537-541 Palavras-chave: Edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal, obstrução da via aérea superior, laringospasmo, pressão negativa intratorácica, Key-words: Post-extubation pulmonary oedema, upper airway obstruction, laryngospasm, intra-thoracic negative pressure

Etiología del síndrome febril agudo en la provincia de Jaén, Perú 2004-2005

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Lucinda Troyes R

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Conocer a tiología el Síndrome febril agudo en nacientes que acudieron a tres establecimientos de salud de la provincia de Jaén entre mayo de 2004 y abril de 2005. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo prospectivo realizado en tres establecimientos de salud: Hospital General de Jaén, Hospital de Apoyo Bellavista y Centro de Salud Morro Solar. Se incluyeron pacientes entre 5 y 65 años con fiebre de menos de ocho días de evolución y sin foco infeccioso aparente. Inicialmente se les realizó gota gruesa para malaria y frotis sanguíneo para Bartonelosis; de los casos negativos se obtuvo una segunda muestra de sangre para la búsqueda de ELISA IgM y microaglutinación para el diagnóstico de leptospirosis, ELISA IgM para dengue, Mayaro, Oropuche y encefalitis equina venezolana, e inmunofluorescencia indirecta para Rickettsiosis. Resultados: De 1039 febriles incluidos, se determinó la etiología en 680 (65,4%casos, malaria por P.falciparum 312 (30,0%, leptospirosis 115 (11,1%, dengue 105 (10,1%, malaria por P. vivax 76 (7,3%,leptospirosis más dengue 30 (2,9%, Rickettsiosis 15 (1,4%,Bartonelosis 17 (1,6%,leptospirosis más Rickettsiosis 7 (0,7%, y leptospirosis, dengue más Rickettsiosis 3 (0,3%. Los serovares de Leptospira más frecuentes fueron varilla (35,7%y bratislava (32,5%. Conclusión: La malaria es la principal causa de síndrome febril agudo en Jaén, se destaca la presencia de la leptospirosis como segunda causa,por delante del dengue; es necesario considerar dentro del diagnóstico diferencial Rickettsiosis y Bartonelosis.

PMHS impact response in 3 m/s and 8 m/s nearside impacts with abdomen offset.

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Miller, Carl S; Madura, Nathaniel H; Schneider, Lawrence W; Klinich, Kathleen D; Reed, Matthew P; Rupp, Jonathan D

2013-11-01

Lateral impact tests were performed using seven male post-mortem human subjects (PMHS) to characterize the force-deflection response of contacted body regions, including the lower abdomen. All tests were performed using a dual-sled, side-impact test facility. A segmented impactor was mounted on a sled that was pneumatically accelerated into a second, initially stationary sled on which a subject was seated facing perpendicular to the direction of impact. Positions of impactor segments were adjusted for each subject so that forces applied to different anatomic regions, including thorax, abdomen, greater trochanter, iliac wing, and thigh, could be independently measured on each PMHS. The impactor contact surfaces were located in the same vertical plane, except that the abdomen plate was offset 5.1 cm towards the subject. The masses of the sleds and the force- deflection characteristics of the energy-absorbing interface material between the sleds were set to provide the impactor sled with a velocity profile that matched the average driver door velocity history produced in a series of side NCAP tests. Impactor padding was also selected so that average ATD pelvis and thorax responses from the same series of side NCAP tests were reproduced when the ATD used in these tests was impacted using the average door-velocity history. Each subject was first impacted on one side of the body using an initial impactor speed of 3 m/s. If a post-test CT scan and strain-gage data revealed two or fewer non-displaced rib fractures, then the PMHS was impacted on the contralateral side of the body at a speed of 8 m/s or 10 m/s. The results of tests in the 3 m/s and 8 m/s conditions were used to develop force-deflection response corridors for the abdomen, force history response corridors for the pelvis (iliac wing and greater trochanter), the midthigh, and the thorax. Response corridors for the lateral acceleration of the pelvis were also developed. Future work will compare side impact ATD

Necrotizing myofasciitis: an atypical cause of ''acute abdomen'' in an immunocompromised child

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Donnelly, L.F.; Frush, D.P.; O'Hara, S.M.; Bisset, G.S. III

1998-01-01

We report the case of an immunocompromised 15-year-old boy who presented with symptoms mimicking an ''acute abdomen'' related to necrotizing myofasciitis of the anterior abdominal wall. CT demonstrated the abdominal wall process as the cause of the patient's symptoms and sonographically guided aspiration confirmed the diagnosis. Despite prompt diagnosis and aggressive surgical debridement, the infection continued to progress and the patient died within 24 h of presentation. (orig.)

Rare cause of acute surgical abdomen with free intraperitoneal air: Spontaneous perforated pyometra. A report of 2 cases.

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Lim, Siew Fung; Lee, Song Liang; Chiow, Adrian Kah Heng; Foo, Chek Siang; Wong, Andrew Siang Yih; Tan, Su-Ming

2012-01-01

The acute abdomen accounts for up to 40% of all emergency surgical hospital admissions and a large proportion are secondary to gastrointestinal perforation. Studies have shown the superiority of the abdominal CT over upright chest radiographs in demonstrating free intraperitoneal air. Spontaneous perforated pyometra is a rare cause of the surgical acute abdomen with free intraperitoneal air. Only 38 cases have been reported worldwide. We report 2 cases of spontaneously perforated pyometra in our hospital's general surgery department. Both underwent exploratory laparotomy: one had a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, while the other had an evacuation of the uterine cavity, primary repair of uterine perforation and a peritoneal washout. A literature search was conducted and all reported cases reviewed in order to describe the clinical presentations and management of the condition. Of the 40 cases to date, including 2 of our cases, the most common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain (97.5%), fever (37.5%) and vomiting (25.0%). The main indication for exploratory laparotomy was pneumoperitoneum (97.5%). Pyometra is an unusual but serious condition in elderly women presenting with an acute abdomen. A high index of suspicion is needed to make the appropriate diagnosis.

Role of computed tomography of abdomen in difficult to diagnose typhoid fever: a case series.

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Hafeez, Wajid; Rajalakshmi, S; Sripriya, S; Madhu Bashini, M

2018-04-01

Background and Aim Diagnosis of typhoid is challenging when blood cultures fail to isolate Salmonella species. We report our experience with interpreting computed tomography (CT) abdomen findings in a case series of typhoid fever. Methods The case series consisted of patients who had a CT abdomen done as part of their investigations and a final diagnosis of typhoid fever. The CT films were reviewed and findings evaluated for distinctive features. Results During 2011-2017, 11 patients met the inclusion criteria. Indication for CT was pyrexia of unknown origin in the majority of patients. Review of CT films revealed mesenteric lymphadenopathy (100%), terminal ileum thickening (85%), hepatosplenomegaly (45%), retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy (18%) and ascites (9%). Conclusions Enhancing discrete mesenteric lymphadenopathy and terminal ileum thickening are non-specific findings noted in typhoid fever. Absence of matted necrotic nodes and peritoneal thickening rule out tuberculosis and raise suspicion of typhoid fever in endemic regions.

Intraoperative radiation in the canine para-aortic abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoopes, P.J.; Gillette, E.L.

1984-01-01

Twenty adult beagle dogs received intraoperatively delivered 6 MeV electrons to the para-aortic abdomen and bladder. The dogs were equally divided into 4 dose groups receiving 22 Gy, 30 Gy, 38.5 Gy and 47 Gy. The 5 cm x 8 cm radiation field included a variable portion of the left kidney, the left ureter, the abdominal aorta and vena cava, the base of the bladder and the left sciatic and femoral nerves. The lesions observed were fibroelastic proliferation of the aortic intima, severe renal atrophy and fibrosis, ureteral stenosis, bladder fibrosis and demyelinating peripheral neuropathies. Histologic, morphometric and dose response analyses are compared with responses of dogs receiving more conventional fractionated doses to a total of 60 Gy, 70 Gy or 80 Gy x-ray in 6 weeks

Swordfish bill injury involving abdomen and vertebral column: case report and review

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Drossos Charalambos

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Penetrating injuries of the abdomen and spinal canal that involve organic material of animal origin are extremely rare and derive from domestic and wild animal attacks or fish attacks. Case presentation In this case report we present the unique, as far as the literature is concerned, unprovoked woman's injury to the abdomen by a swordfish. There are only four cases of swordfish attacks on humans in the literature - one resulted to thoracic trauma, two to head trauma and one to knee trauma, one of which was fatal - none of which were unprovoked. Three victims were professional or amateur fishermen whereas in the last reported case the victim was a bather as in our case. Our case is the only case where organic debris of animal's origin remained in the spinal canal after penetrating trauma. Conclusions Although much has been written about the management of penetrating abdominal and spinal cord trauma, controversy remains about the optimal management. Moreover, there is little experience in the management of patients with such spinal injuries, due to the fact that such cases are extremely rare. In this report we focus on the patient's treatment with regard to abdominal and spinal trauma and present a review of the literature.

Infarto agudo del miocardio en los centros diagnósticos integrales de Vargas, Venezuela Myocardial acute infarction in integral diagnosis centers of Vargas, Venezuela

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Ana Rosa Jorna Calixto

2010-12-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: el infarto agudo del miocardio constituyó más del 12 % de los fallecimientos por cardiopatía isquémica en Venezuela en 2006, sin evidenciarse disminución en la mortalidad a pesar del mejoramiento tecnológico de los servicios de urgencias. OBJETIVO: caracterizar su comportamiento en los centros de diagnóstico integrales del Estado de Vargas, en el período comprendido de junio de 2006 a junio de 2009. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo para caracterizar el comportamiento del infarto agudo del miocardio en los servicios de urgencia y emergencia de los centros de diagnóstico integrales utilizando las estadísticas de la Misión Barrio Adentro. RESULTADOS: fueron atendidos 186 pacientes por infarto agudo del miocardio, predominaron los ingresos en la terapia intensiva (2,4 % sobre los servicios de hospitalización. Los fallecidos por esta causa fueron 35 personas, 17,1 % del total de fallecidos. Fueron trombolizados el 39,2 %, con el mayor número alcanzado en el 2008 con 51,2 %. La letalidad por infarto agudo del miocardio osciló entre tasas de 17,3 y 20 por cada 100 pacientes vistos. La tasa de mortalidad bruta fue de 9,58 x 100 000 habitantes. CONCLUSIONES: el número de casos atendidos por infarto tuvo un comportamiento ascendente de manera estable, representaron el 0,7 % del total de ingresos en estos centros, con predominio de los ingresos en la terapia intensiva sobre los servicios de hospitalización. Se le aplicó el tratamiento trombolítico con estreptoquinasa recombinante a un por ciento importante de enfermos. En los servicios de hospitalización fue superior la letalidad por esta causa. No disminuyó el riesgo de morir para los pacientes con esta enfermedad y la mortalidad general en el período estudiado fue de 35 pacientes para una tasa de 9,58 × 100 000 habitantes.INTRODUCTION: the acute myocardial infarction was over the 12 % of deceased from ischemic heart disease in Venezuela in

Mortalidad por enfermedad de Chagas: A propósito de los brotes de Chagas agudo como enfermedad reemergente de transmisión alimentaria

OpenAIRE

Rísquez, Alejandro

2009-01-01

Tras la ocurrencia de los primeros brotes de Chagas agudos en la capital (diciembre 2007) y Estado Vargas (marzo 2009) por trasmisión oral, se procedió a una revisión de la mortalidad por la enfermedad registrada entre 1997 y 2006, cuyos datos se analizaron de acuerdo a la edad, sexo y forma de presentación. El número absoluto de muertes sigue siendo elevado con promedio de 796 muertes anuales, de predominio en el sexo masculino, la mayoría en después de los 60 años de edad. Llama la atención...

Acute abdomen: An unusual presentation of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection

OpenAIRE

George I; Sudarsanam T; Pulimood A; Mathews M

2008-01-01

Varied clinical presentations of Penicillium marneffei , an opportunistic pathogen in HIV disease has been rarely described in literature. We report a patient with advanced AIDS who presented to us with prolonged fever and had features of an acute abdomen. On radiologic imaging he had features of intestinal obstruction and mesenteric lymphadenitis. A diagnosis was made possible by endoscopic biopsies of the small bowel and bone marrow culture which grew P . Marneffei . He was treated with ...

Gd-DTPA: a bowel contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vlahos, L.; Gouliamos, A.; Clauss, W.; Kalovidouris, A.; Hadjiioannou, A.; Athanasopoulou, A.; Trakadas, S.; Papavasiliou, C.

1992-01-01

Forty patients with suspected pathology in the abdomen and pelvis have been investigated with MRI before and after administration of Gd-DTPA as an oral or rectal solution. The findings are analysed with respect to: (a) filling of the GI tract; (b) contrast in the region of interest, surrounding fat and vessels; (c) diagnostic yield in comparison to non-enhanced MRI and contrast CT. At a concentration of 1 mmol/l Gd-DTPA provided consistent positive contrast in the stomach and bowel in all cases. In 57.5% of cases we achieved complete filling of the GI tract. The opacification in the region of interest was good or satisfactory in 90% of cases. The diagnostic value of contrast MRI was better in 93% of cases than the non-enhanced MRI of the abdomen. In comparison with contrast CT, the contrast MRI was better or of the same value in 92% of cases. Despite the disadvantage of poor fat-to-bowel contrast (35% of cases were classified as poor), it is concluded that Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI provides good delineation of organs adjacent to the bowel so this contrast agent has potential for a future role in abdominal MRI. (orig.)

Gd-DTPA: a bowel contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen

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Vlahos, L. [Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of Athens, Areteion Hospital (Greece); Gouliamos, A. [Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of Athens, Areteion Hospital (Greece); Clauss, W. [Schering A. G., Berlin (Germany); Kalovidouris, A. [Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of Athens, Areteion Hospital (Greece); Hadjiioannou, A. [Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of Athens, Areteion Hospital (Greece); Athanasopoulou, A. [Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of Athens, Areteion Hospital (Greece); Trakadas, S. [Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of Athens, Areteion Hospital (Greece); Papavasiliou, C. [Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of Athens, Areteion Hospital (Greece)

1992-08-01

Forty patients with suspected pathology in the abdomen and pelvis have been investigated with MRI before and after administration of Gd-DTPA as an oral or rectal solution. The findings are analysed with respect to: (a) filling of the GI tract; (b) contrast in the region of interest, surrounding fat and vessels; (c) diagnostic yield in comparison to non-enhanced MRI and contrast CT. At a concentration of 1 mmol/l Gd-DTPA provided consistent positive contrast in the stomach and bowel in all cases. In 57.5% of cases we achieved complete filling of the GI tract. The opacification in the region of interest was good or satisfactory in 90% of cases. The diagnostic value of contrast MRI was better in 93% of cases than the non-enhanced MRI of the abdomen. In comparison with contrast CT, the contrast MRI was better or of the same value in 92% of cases. Despite the disadvantage of poor fat-to-bowel contrast (35% of cases were classified as poor), it is concluded that Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI provides good delineation of organs adjacent to the bowel so this contrast agent has potential for a future role in abdominal MRI. (orig.)

Anatomic atlas for computed tomography in the mesaticephalic dog: caudal abdomen and pelvis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smallwood, J.E.; George, T. II.

1993-01-01

The purpose of this study was to produce a comprehensive anatomic atlas of CT anatomy of the dog for use by veterinary radiologists, clinicians, and surgeons. Whole-body CT images of two mature beagle dogs were made with the dogs supported in sternal recumbency and using a slice thickness of 13 mm. At the end of the CT session, each dog was euthanized, and while carefully maintaining the same position, the body was frozen. The body was then sectioned at 13-mm intervals, with the cuts matched as closely as possible to the CT slices. The frozen sections were cleaned, photographed, and radiographed using xeroradiography. Each CT image was studied and compared with its corresponding xeroradiograph and anatomic section to assist in the accurate identification of specific structures. Clinically relevant anatomic structures were identified and labeled in the three corresponding photographs (CT image, xeroradiograph, and anatomic section). In previous papers, the head and neck, and the thorax and cranial abdomen of the mesaticephalic (beagle) dog were presented. In this paper, the caudal part of the abdomen and pelvis of the bitch and male dog are presented

Función del diafragma durante la colocación de cargas sobre el abdomen en sujetos normales

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Sergio G. Monteiro

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Los efectos de las cargas en el abdomen con el objeto de producir entrenamiento del diafragma, no han sido suficientemente evaluados. Estudiamos la función del diafragma durante la colocación de cargas sobre el abdomen y con cambios en el patrón respiratorio. Se estudiaron 6 voluntarios normales. Se obtuvo flujo en la boca, presión gástrica (Pga, presión esofágica (Pes, movimiento torácico (TX y abdominal (AB, presión inspiratoria máxima (PImax y presión transdiafragmática media (Pdi y máxima (Pdimax. Se calculó la relación Pdi/Pdimax y el índice tensión-tiempo del diafragma (TTdi. Etapas: patrón normal (PN, patrón abdominal (PA y carga de 1, 2, 4 y 6 kg con PN y PA. El PA fue facilitado por las cargas sobre el abdomen. Solo con 6 kg (PN y PA la Pga a capacidad residual funcional aumentó significativamente (p 0.001. La Pdi siguió a las variaciones de la Pga y aumentó con todos los PA (p < 0.001. Con PA y carga el índice TTdi alcanzó un valor de 0.05 ± 0.02 (p < 0.001. Las cargas no aumentaron este índice más de lo que hizo el PA solo. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que las cargas sobre el abdomen aumentan la propiocepción relacionada con los movimientos respiratorios y descenso del diafragma. Las cargas producen cambios leves en la mecánica del diafragma (en sujetos normales, 1/3 de la carga necesaria para desarrollar fatiga. En sujetos normales estos cambios parecen ser insuficientes para producir entrenamiento de los músculos respiratorios.

Unusual cause of acute abdomen in a child--torsion of greater omentum: report of two cases.

Science.gov (United States)

Pogorelić, Zenon; Katić, Josip; Gudelj, Karla; Mrklić, Ivana; Vilović, Katarina; Perko, Zdravko

2015-08-01

Torsion of the omentum is twisting along its long axis and a rare cause of acute abdomen. Depending on associated conditions, it is classified as primary and secondary. It may mimic different pathologies presenting as acute abdomen, most common of them being acute appendicitis. Current choice for management of omental torsion is laparoscopic surgery. We present two cases of omental torsion of two boys who presented with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting and underwent emergency laparoscopy. Omental torsion is very rare, and its diagnosis is usually made only after surgery. At laparoscopy, omental torsion is suspected when the appendix is normal and the symptoms and findings of torsion are present. Laparoscopy is a safe and effective approach for the diagnosis and management of omental torsion, with the advantages of reduced postoperative pain and hospital stay. © The Author(s) 2015.

Clinical evaluation of digital radiography based on a large-area cesium iodide-amorphous silicon flat-panel detector compared with screen-film radiography for skeletal system and abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okamura, Terue; Tanaka, Saori; Koyama, Koichi; Norihumi, Nishida; Daikokuya, Hideo; Matsuoka, Toshiyuki; Yamada, Ryusaku; Kishimoto, Kenji; Hatagawa, Masakatsu; Kudoh, Hiroaki

2002-01-01

The aim of this clinical study was to compare the image quality of digital radiography using the new digital Bucky system based on a flat-panel detector with that of a conventional screen-film system for the skeletal structure and the abdomen. Fifty patients were examined using digital radiography with a flat-panel detector and screen-film systems, 25 for the skeletal structures and 25 for the abdomen. Six radiologists judged each paired image acquired under the same exposure parameters concerning three observation items for the bone and six items for the abdomen. Digital radiographic images for the bone were evaluated to be similar to screen-film images at the mean of 42.2%, to be superior at 50.2%, and to be inferior at 7.6%. Digital radiographic images for the abdomen were judged to be similar to screen-film images at the mean of 43.4%, superior at 52.4%, and inferior at 4.2%; thus, digital radiographic images were estimated to be either similar as or superior to screen-film images at over 92% for the bone and abdomen. On the statistical analysis, digital radiographic images were also judged to be preferred significantly in the most items for the bone and abdomen. In conclusion, the image quality of digital radiography with a flat-panel detector was superior to that of a screen-film system under the same exposure parameters, suggesting that dose reduction is possible with digital radiography. (orig.)

Radicales libres de oxígeno y distress respiratorio agudo

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Aracelis E. Dorado Lambert

2000-09-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión acerca de la formación de radicales libres de oxígeno en el organismo, así como el aumento exagerado de su génesis durante la exposición a altas concentraciones de oxígeno y en el desarrollo de la explosión respiratoria que acompaña la fagocitosis. Se analiza además la formación de estos radicales en el pulmón durante la evolución del distress respiratorio agudo. Se abordó, posteriormente, el uso actual, sobre todo en el ámbito internacional, de los antioxidantes y bloqueadores de la lipoperoxidación para disminuir los efectos adversos de los radicales libres. A pesar de estas nuevas medidas, se corrobora que la disminución experimentada en la mortalidad por esta entidad, obedece a la optimización de los cuidados respiratorios, en especial la ventilación mecánica.The formation of free oxygen radicals in the body and the excessive increase of its genesis during exposure to high concentrations of oxygen and in the development of respiratory burst accompanying phagocytosis were reviewed. Also the formation of these radicals in lung during acute respiratory distress was analyzed. Similarly, the present use at the international level of antioxidants and lipoperoxidation blockers to diminish adverse effects of free radicals are addressed in this paper. In spite of these new measures, it was confirmed that the reduction of mortality rate from this disease was due to the improvement of respiratory care particularly the mechanical ventilation.

Estatinas para el síndrome coronario agudo

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Noah Vale

2012-11-01

Conclusiones de los autores: Según las pruebas disponibles, el inicio del tratamiento con estatinas en el transcurso de 14 días después del SCA no reduce la muerte, el infarto de miocardio ni el accidente cerebrovascular hasta los cuatro meses, pero reduce la ocurrencia de angina inestable a los cuatro meses después del SCA.

Effective dose evaluation of head and abdomen CT exams in adult patients at the Instituto de Radiologia of Faculdade de Medicina of University of Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nersissian, Denise Y.; Scolastici, Eric F.; Doro, Renato B.; Furquim, Tania A.C.

2013-01-01

This paper presents an estimate of the effective dose from CTDI vol for exams of skull and abdomen in adult patients. Thereafter, measurements were taken of CTDI using an ionization chamber type pencil (Radcal Corportation, model 10 x 5 - 3CT) and cylindrical phantom of PMMA equivalent to regions of the skull (diameter = 16 cm) and abdomen (diameter = 32 cm). The results of effective dose for abdomen varied between 7,3 and 12,1 mSv and for skull between 1,4 and 5,0 mSv. Comparing with the literature data, for abdomen exams between 5 and 7 mSV and skull exams between 1 and 2 mSv, it is shown that it is possible to optimize these protocols, aiming to reduce the doses to patients

A diferenciação da dor do infarto agudo do miocárdio entre pacientes diabéticos e não-diabéticos Diferenciación del dolor del infarto agudo de miocardio entre pacientes diabéticos y no diabéticos The difference in acute myocardial infarction pain between diabetic and non diabetic patients

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Leandra de Gouveia Pacheco Gondim

2003-12-01

Full Text Available O estudo teve como objetivo comparar a dor do infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM entre pacientes diabéticos e não-diabéticos. Uma amostra de 80 pacientes com IAM, divididos em 2 grupos com e sem diabetes mellitus (DM, sendo 29% diabéticos e 71% não-diabéticos. Os pacientes com DM referiram ausência de dor (pEl objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el dolor del infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM entre pacientes diabéticos y no diabéticos. La muestra la conformaron 80 pacientes con IAM divididos en dos grupos: con y sin diabetes mellitus (DM, siendo el 29% diabéticos y el 71% no diabéticos. Los pacientes con DM manifestaron ausencia de dolor (pThe goal of this study was to compare the acute myocardial infarction (AMI pain between diabetic and non diabetic patients. A sample of 80 AMI patients was divided in two groups, with and without diabetes mellitus (DM, being 29% diabetic and 71% non diabetic patients. The patients with DM said they had no pain (p<0.05 and gave lower scores for pain when compared with patients without DM. There was a significant difference between average scores for pain among diabetic and non diabetic patients (p<0.001. In conclusion, the diabetic patients presented no pain or diminished pain when compared with patients without diabetes.

Lymphangioma of the jejunal mesentery and jejunal polyps presenting as an acute abdomen in a teenager.

Science.gov (United States)

Jayasundara, Jasb; Perera, E; Chandu de Silva, M V; Pathirana, A A

2017-03-01

Cystic lymphangioma of the small bowel mesentery is a rare clinical entity, especially after childhood. Medical literature reveals a limited number of such cases presenting as acute abdomen due to bowel obstruction, small bowel volvulus and bleeding into the tumour. We present the management experience of an 18-year-old woman who presented with rapid onset diffuse peritonism and raised inflammatory markers. Computed tomography showed a mass in the small bowel mesentery with suspicion of segmental bowel ischaemia. Emergency laparotomy revealed a mass in the mid-jejunal mesentery close to the bowel wall with no bowel ischaemia. The patient made an uncomplicated recovery after segmental bowel resection and end-to-end anastomosis. Histology confirmed the mass as a cystic lymphangioma involving the jejunal mesentery and two small jejunal polyps. Lymphangioma could be considered in the differential diagnosis of an acute abdomen in a young adult when the presentation is atypical.

Síndrome coronario agudo y enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester. Patogénesis e implicaciones terapéuticas

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José Carlos Alarcón-García

2017-05-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester es una histiocitosis celular diferente a la histiocitosis de Langerhans, de origen incierto. Se caracteriza por una implicación multi-orgánica debida a la infiltración de los histiocitos CD68+/CD1a-, en forma de xantogranulomas, que afectan principal y comúnmente a la metáfisis y diáfisis de huesos largos. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante biopsia, donde se revelan histiocitos CD68+/CD1a-, carencia de proteína S, y presencia de gránulos de Birbeck. Se ha subestimado la implicación cardiovascular. Reportamos un caso de un varón de 67 años con la enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester e infarto de miocardio agudo, debido a implicación coronaria, además de enfermedad ósea, vascular, pituitaria y retroperitoneal. Revisamos la literatura relevante y describimos el tratamiento clínico de estos pacientes.

Radiographic image quality and dose at thorax, abdomen and skull of patients at HC-FMB-UNESP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alvarez, Matheus; Giacomini, Guilherme; Bacchim Neto, Fernando A.; Alves, Allan F.F.; Velo, Alexandre F.; Miranda, Jose R.A.; Pina, Diana R. de

2013-01-01

ICRP 103 specifies reference dose levels to be used during radiographic exams. Usually, the radiographer qualitative determines the best radiographic technique (kV and mAs) in order to obtain better image quality with the lowest dose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the doses used in examination of the chest, abdomen and skull in patients of different physical sizes, and infer about the amount of dose required to maintain acceptable radiological contrast in patients of different physical sizes. Techniques used by experienced radiographers of HC-FMB-UNESP for examinations of the chest (PA), abdomen (AP) and skull (AP) for patients of different thickness (small, medium and thick body) were obtained. Dose measurements were performed referring to all kV/mAs combinations. PMMA phantoms were placed below the ionization chamber. The Signal Difference Noise Ratio (SDNR) of the images of the phantoms were calculated from an area of contrast and a region of normal tissue. The Figure of Merit (FoM) was calculated for each of the exam modality. Measured FoM decreased according to the thickness of the chest and abdomen, indicating the need to increase the dose level to maintain the same level of image contrast. Patients thicker usually end up getting more than twice the dose of lean patients. Required image quality levels for correct diagnosis should be obtained using dose levels as low as reasonably practicable examination. These factors highlight the need for a program of quality assurance and effective dose studies in actual service. (author)

EFEITO AGUDO DO LASER DE BAIXA POTÊNCIA NA FADIGA DO BÍCEPS BRAQUIAL DE ATLETAS DE VOLEIBOL

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Juliana Lôbo Froio

Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: A laserterapia de baixa potência tem entre seus propósitos auxiliar a recuperação de tecidos biológicos, atenuando os efeitos da fadiga muscular e contribuindo com a melhora do desempenho em atletas. Aspectos metodológicos ainda limitam as conclusões do efeito agudo da laserterapia sobre o desempenho muscular. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito agudo do laser terapêutico de baixa potência na fadiga induzida do bíceps braquial de atletas de voleibol. Métodos: Este foi um estudo randomizado e duplo-cego, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da UNESP de Marília. Participaram do estudo 19 atletas de voleibol de ambos os sexos. Realizou-se coleta de dados eletromiográficos do músculo bíceps braquial no exercício isométrico de flexão de cotovelo antes e após a aplicação do laser terapêutico. Um haltere com 75% do pico de força, obtido por uma célula de carga, foi utilizado para o protocolo de fadiga. Em seguida, os voluntários foram submetidos à aplicação do laser (ativo ou placebo em seis pontos do músculo bíceps braquial. Os dados eletromiográficos foram analisados no domínio da frequência, utilizando-se o software Myosystem®. Verificou-se a distribuição de normalidade dos dados pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk, e utilizou-se Anova (split plot de medidas repetidas a fim de testar a interação entre tempo e grupo. Resultados: Para nenhuma das variáveis analisadas foi observada interação significativa entre grupo e tempo, indicando que o grupo irradiado não apresentou vantagens com relação ao grupo placebo. Conclusão: Após o protocolo de fadiga proposto, uma única aplicação de laser de baixa potência não foi suficiente para produzir efeitos positivos no desempenho de força e no sinal eletromiográfico do músculo bíceps braquial de atletas de voleibol.

International consensus conference on open abdomen in trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Chiara, Osvaldo; Cimbanassi, Stefania; Biffl, Walter; Leppaniemi, Ari; Henry, Sharon; Scalea, Thomas M; Catena, Fausto; Ansaloni, Luca; Chieregato, Arturo; de Blasio, Elvio; Gambale, Giorgio; Gordini, Giovanni; Nardi, Guiseppe; Paldalino, Pietro; Gossetti, Francesco; Dionigi, Paolo; Noschese, Giuseppe; Tugnoli, Gregorio; Ribaldi, Sergio; Sgardello, Sebastian; Magnone, Stefano; Rausei, Stefano; Mariani, Anna; Mengoli, Francesca; di Saverio, Salomone; Castriconi, Maurizio; Coccolini, Federico; Negreanu, Joseph; Razzi, Salvatore; Coniglio, Carlo; Morelli, Francesco; Buonanno, Maurizio; Lippi, Monica; Trotta, Liliana; Volpi, Annalisa; Fattori, Luca; Zago, Mauro; de Rai, Paolo; Sammartano, Fabrizio; Manfredi, Roberto; Cingolani, Emiliano

2016-01-01

A part of damage-control laparotomy is to leave the fascial edges and the skin open to avoid abdominal compartment syndrome and allow further explorations. This condition, known as open abdomen (OA), although effective, is associated with severe complications. Our aim was to develop evidence-based recommendations to define indications for OA, techniques for temporary abdominal closure, management of enteric fistulas, and methods of definitive wall closure. The literature from 1990 to 2014 was systematically screened according to PRISMA [Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses] protocol. Seventy-six articles were reviewed by a panel of experts to assign grade of recommendations (GoR) and level of evidence (LoE) using the GRADE [Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation] system, and an international consensus conference was held. OA in trauma is indicated at the end of damage-control laparotomy, in the presence of visceral swelling, for a second look in vascular injuries or gross contamination, in the case of abdominal wall loss, and if medical treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome has failed (GoR B, LoE II). Negative-pressure wound therapy is the recommended temporary abdominal closure technique to drain peritoneal fluid, improve nursing, and prevent fascial retraction (GoR B, LoE I). Lack of OA closure within 8 days (GoR C, LoE II), bowel injuries, high-volume replacement, and use of polypropylene mesh over the bowel (GoR C, LoE I) are risk factors for frozen abdomen and fistula formation. Negative-pressure wound therapy allows to isolate the fistula and protect the surrounding tissues from spillage until granulation (GoR C, LoE II). Correction of fistula is performed after 6 months to 12 months. Definitive closure of OA has to be obtained early (GoR C, LoE I) with direct suture, traction devices, component separation with or without mesh. Biologic meshes are an option for wall reinforcement if bacterial

Sonographic findings of ovarian hemorrhage presenting acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun, Joo Sung; Lee, Eun Ju; Kang, Hae Jin; Suh, Jung Ho

2000-01-01

To obtain the characteristic sonographic findings of ovarian hemorrhage and investigate the usefulness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis. Forty-nine cases presenting acute abdomen diagnosed as ovarian hemorrhage by ultrasonography or surgicopathological confirmation. We observed the size and margin of the ovary, size, pattern, shape, wall and internal echogenecity of the masses and the amount of hemoperitoneum. We also performed a color Doppler study to evaluate the blood flow pattern and resistive index (RI). The age of patients were between 21-41. Most symptoms occurred from days 14 to 30 of her menstrual cycle and were presented for less than 24 hours. Twenty patients had a history of intercourse shortly before the onset of the symptom. Thirty two cases involved the right ovary while the other 17 cases involved the left. All patients had a negative urine or serum hCG test except for 4 pregnant women. The size of the ovary was measured as mean 5.1 cm and marginal irregularly was noted in 36 cases. Mixed echoic solid masses were observed in 6 cases and variable echogenecity of cystic masses were seen in 43 cases. Maximal diameter of adnexal masses were measured as mean 3.95 cm. Internal echogenecity of cystic masses appeared as mainly heterogeneous (21). Twenty two cystic masses had a thick irregular wall and 17 had a thin smooth wall. Hypoechoic rim like halo surrounding was noted in 17 cystic masses. 17 cases seemed to have a small amount of hemoperitoneum, a moderate amount in 22 cases and a large amount in 9 cases. The blood flow pattern of cystic masses showed a rim (29) and spotty (8) pattern in the color Doppler study. Measured RI was 0.41 (mean). Fertile women with the complaint of acute abdominal pain, who has the laboratory data of negative hCG test, ultrasonographic findings of enlargement of ovary with irregular margin, heterogeneous echoic cystic mass, peripheral halo surrounding the mass, hemoperitoneum and low resistance index of peripheral blood

Edema agudo hemorrágico da infância: relato de três casos Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy: report of three cases

OpenAIRE

Paulo Sergio Emerich; Patricia Almeida Prebianchi; Luciene Lage da Motta; Elton Almeida Lucas; Leonardo Mello Ferreira

2011-01-01

O Edema Agudo Hemorrágico da Infância é uma vasculite leucocitoclástica pouco frequente, que ocorre, quase exclusivamente, em crianças entre 4 meses e 2 anos de idade. Caracteriza-se, clinicamente, pela tríade febre, lesões purpúricas na face, pavilhões auriculares e extremidades e edema. Embora os achados cutâneos sejam dramáticos e de surgimento rápido, o prognóstico é favorável, com resolução espontânea dentro de 1 a 3 semanas. Descrevem-se três casos cujos achados clínicos e histopatológi...

El estrés agudo modifica la recuperación y la extinción de la memoria espacial en función de su intensidad

OpenAIRE

Cuestas Diana Marcela; Troncoso Julieta

2007-01-01

Para evaluar los efectos del estrés agudo por restricción de movimientos sobre la recuperación y la extinción
de la memoria espacial sin sobreentrenamiento, se utilizaron tres grupos de ratas: control, estrés una hora
y estrés cuatro horas. Todos los animales fueron entrenados en el laberinto circular de Barnes. El protocolo
de entrenamiento constaba de ocho ensayos de adquisición (intervalo entre ensayos, IEE; 5 min). Los animales de todos los grupos experime...

Evaluation of body simulator for chest and abdomen in digital X-ray equipment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soares, Sidney S.; Cardoso, Gabriela P.; Oliveira, Giovanni Antônio P.; Batista, Adriana S.M.; Pereira, Esther Lorrayne M.

2017-01-01

The use of body simulators to control the quality of X-ray images is a practice that guarantees the control of essential parameters for diagnosis by the technique. The evolution of the equipment, between the analogue, digital computerized radiology (CR) and direct radiography (DR), requires evaluation of the equivalence in grayscale, of simulators, for an adjustment according to the specific technology of obtaining the image. In this sense, the present work presents the evaluation of a body simulator with regard to the representation of mean values of signal, noise and contrast obtained in chest radiographs and panoramic of the abdomen. For the thorax the cardiac region was considered as simulation target and for the abdomen simulation of the liver and small intestine. We used a retrospective study of images obtained with X-ray equipment - CR system, in which the images were studied using the ImageJ program, generating a data catalog. These were subsequently compared with those obtained experimentally using gel filled polymer body simulator. For the validation of the simulator, it was observed the gel equivalence of filling of the polymer box required to reach the image parameters of the cataloged radiographs. The results are discussed as to the physical principles of radiation interaction with biological and equivalent tissues

Edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal - Caso clínico Post-tracheal extubation pulmonary oedema - Case report

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Maria de Lurdes Castro

2009-05-01

Full Text Available O edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação traqueal é um acontecimento raro (≈ 0,1%¹. A etiologia e multifactorial, sendo a obstrução da via aérea superior o factor desencadeante principal. O esforço inspiratório contra a glote encerrada causa pressões intratorácicas muito negativas, que se transmitem ao interstício pulmonar, condicionando uma transudação de fluidos a partir dos vasos capilares pulmonares1-5. Relatamos um caso de edema agudo do pulmão pós-extubação num doente de quinze anos, operado no serviço de urgência por amputação traumática da perna esquerda. Revemos a fisiopatologia, o padrão radiológico, potenciais factores de risco e medidas preventivas desta complicação respiratória pós-anestésica.Negative pressure pulmonary oedema is an uncommon complication of traqueal extubation (≈ 0,1%¹ mostly caused by acute upper airway obs truction. Upper airway obstruction from glottis closure leads to marked inspiratory effort, which generates negative intrathoracic pressure transmitting to pulmonary interstitium, and inducing fluid transudation from pulmonary capillary bed1-5. We report a case of post-extubation pulmonary oedema in a fifteen years old patient, submitted to surgery following traumatic amputation of his left leg. We review the pathophysiology, radiological findings, potential risk factors and preventive measures of this post-anaesthetic respiratory complication.

Uso de alteplase no tratamento do acidente vascular encefálico isquêmico agudo: o que sabem os enfermeiros?

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Samia Jardelle Costa de Freitas Maniva

2012-06-01

Full Text Available O estudo objetivou analisar o conhecimento de enfermeiros acerca do uso de alteplase no tratamento do acidente vascular encefálico (AVE isquêmico agudo. Estudo descritivo-exploratório realizado em uma unidade de AVE de um hospital público localizado na cidade de Fortaleza-CE, durante o mês de outubro de 2010. Participaram do estudo dez enfermeiros, com idade média de 25 anos. Os benefícios da medicação foram apresentados em justaposição com as limitações do uso. Estratégias para ampliar a utilização de alteplase foram apontadas pelos enfermeiros. O conhecimento da realidade investigada contribui na construção do saber de enfermagem e pode auxiliar o enfermeiro que presta assistência direta ao paciente que se submete a este tratamento.

Exclusive study of Ni+Ni and Ni+Au central collisions: phase coexistence and spinodal decomposition; Etude exclusive des collisions centrales Ni+Ni et Ni+Au: coexistence de phase et decomposition spinodale

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guiot, B

2002-12-01

The INDRA multidetector allowed us to study the Ni+Ni collisions at 32A MeV and the Ni+Au collisions at 52,4 MeV. Central collisions leading to 'quasi-fused' systems were isolated using multidimensional analysis techniques: the Discriminant Analysis and the Principal Component Analysis. Comparison with a statistical model shows that the selected events are compatible with thermodynamical equilibrium. The average thermal excitation energy is 5A MeV for both systems. Calculations of heat capacities show that the deexcitation of the hot sources are akin to a liquid-gas phase transition of nuclear matter. Indeed heat capacities exhibit a negative branch as expected for a phase transition of a finite system. The dynamics of this phase transition has been investigated by applying the charge correlation method. An enhanced production of events with equal-sized fragments has been evidenced for Ni+Au at 52A MeV. No signal was found for Ni+Ni at 32A MeV. Finally this method was improved by taking into account the total charge conservation. The signal is seen more clearly for Ni+Au at 52A MeV, but is ambiguous for Ni+Ni at 32A MeV. The path followed in the state diagram, or the involved time scales, seem to be different for these systems. (authors)

Usefulness of the helical CT in gastro intestinally caused acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cruz, R. A. de la; Martel, J.; Albillos, J. C.; Oliver, J. M.; Lopez, J.; Trapero, M. A.

2000-01-01

At present, there is a vivid debate on the role of the Helical CT (HCT) in the acute abdomen, principally on the usefulness of the non contrast HCT. We aim to present the most common semiological findings and the differential diagnoses, and to give a short description of the indications and protocols, according to the existing literature and to our experience with HCT during the last three years. We believe that the generalization of the use of HCT in emergencies avoid unnecessary surgery and shorten observation times on many occasions, with clear benefits in the clinical management of the patients. (Author) 30 refs

Apendagitis epiploica primaria: Clínica y evolución de 73 casos

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Graciela M Vázquez

2014-12-01

Full Text Available La apendagitis epiploica primaria es una enfermedad relativamente infrecuente dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales del abdomen agudo. Describimos las características clínicas y evolución de una serie de 73 casos de apendagitis epiploica primaria. Se realizó una búsqueda de imágenes ecográficas y tomográficas con diagnóstico de apendagitis en el sistema de información hospitalario electrónico del Hospital Alemán entre abril del 2007 y julio del 2013 y posteriormente se revisaron sus historias clínicas. Se incluyeron 73 casos; la edad promedio fue de 45 años (± 16, 54 (74% eran varones. El motivo de consulta fue dolor abdominal: en fosa ilíaca izquierda en 65 (el 89% de los casos; en fosa ilíaca derecha en seis (8% y en otras localizaciones en dos (3%. Se les realizó ecografía abdominal a 44 (60%, tomografía computarizada a 21 (29%, y ambos estudios a 8 (11%. En el 49% de los casos se solicitó interconsulta con el servicio de cirugía. Recibieron tratamiento con antibióticos 15 (21% pacientes, de los cuales el 73% fue indicado por un médico clínico. Recibieron tratamiento ambulatorio con antiinflamatorios no esteroides 67 (92%; dos requirieron cirugía laparoscópica, dos internación y dos opiáceos. La apendagitis epiploica es infrecuente dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales de abdomen agudo, pero es una entidad que no debe ser desconocida por los médicos para prevenir intervenciones innecesarias y el uso excesivo de antibióticos.

MANEJO LOCAL DE UNA FÍSTULA ENTERO-ATMOSFÉRICA EN EL ABDOMEN ABIERTO: CURA EN CHIMENEA PRESENTACIÓN DE CASO

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Sánchez-Manuel FJ

2015-01-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: The open abdomen is both a resource and a surgical sequela after damage-control surgery, that helps saving the live of critically ill patients. It can have significant complications, the most severe one is the entero-atmospheric fistula. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a patient from our hospital, treated with longstanding open abdomen because of a traumatic pancreatitis and development of an enteroatmospheric fistula, handled with a variation of the fistula ring technique: a "fireplace" design in a vacuum system. A review of the literature on the subject is made. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: This strategy proved effective for the management of the fistula until the final repair of the bowel. The management of an enteroatmospheric fistula is a major technical challenge to prevent the leak of intestinal contents on the surrounding exposed bowel and granulation tissue. The "fireplace" design represents a good option for distal ileum fistulas, greatly simplifying the treatment of the patient by maintaining the open abdomen clean and the fistula effluent isolated until the transit repair, which is usually carried out along with the abdominal wall repair, few months later.

Ct enterography/ct abdomen and pelvis using neutral oral contrast. a new combination of natural products

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aslam, M.O.

2014-01-01

Our purpose was to assess the performance of a new combination of neutral oral contrast for CT abdomen and CT Enterography in comparison with commercially available neutral oral contrast VoLumen. Seventy three consecutive patients were given sorbitol/CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose) solution or VoLumen as oral contrast agent for abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. 23 patients were male and 37 females. Age range was between 16 and 67 years. Since the use of CT scan for abdominal pathologies, there was need to separate bowel loops to localize the pathology. Three types of oral contrast can be used in CT-Scan abdomen; Positive, Neutral and negative. The above used contrasts are Neutral contrast these refers to agents that have an attenuation value similar to that of water (0-30 H).Our results show this new combination of Cc and Sorbitol to be equally good as VoLumen, for luminal distension and mural details, in duodenum and jejunum. While better than VoLumen for Ileal distension. (author)

Ruptured Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Ovary as a Cause of Acute Abdomen in Postmenopausal Woman

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Tufan Oge

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Acute abdomen with hemoperitoneum is a very rare entity in postmenopausal women due to gynecologic conditions. A 54-year-old, postmenopausal woman was brought to emergency department with severe abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed acute abdomen findings with 15 cm pelvic mass on the right adnexal region. Immediate exploratory laparotomy was performed. During laparotomy 1000 cc of bloodstained fluid, ruptured and actively bleeding large mass arising from right ovary was observed. Right salpingo-oopherectomy was performed in emergency conditions, and pathology report revealed an adult type of granulosa cell tumor. After this result, staging surgery was performed and patient was diagnosed as granulosa cell tumor stage 1 c. Cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin chemotherapy was given. Clinicians should be aware of granulosa cell tumors which may occur at any age and prone to rupture. Frozen section will be helpful in order to avoid incomplete surgeries especially in postmenopausal women presented with intra-abdominal bleeding.

Nefropatía por contraste en el síndrome coronario agudo

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Mariana Carnevalini

2011-10-01

Full Text Available La nefropatía inducida por contraste (NIC es una de las causas más frecuentes de insuficiencia renal en pacientes internados. En el síndrome coronario agudo (SCA, la presencia de NIC aumenta la morbimortalidad. Las medidas de profilaxis y los factores de riesgo intervinientes de NIC en SCA no han sido determinados con exactitud. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la incidencia de NIC y los factores asociados a su desarrollo en pacientes ingresados en unidad coronaria con requerimiento de cinecoronariografía (CCG. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos cursando SCA estudiados con CCG dentro de las 72 horas de su admisión. Se definió NIC al aumento del 25% del valor de creatinina a las 48 h sobre el nivel basal de ingreso. El período de inclusión fue entre el 1° de enero de 2004 hasta el 30 de junio de 2010. Se analizaron 125 casos. La incidencia de NIC fue del 10.4% (n = 13. En el análisis multivariado, los factores asociados independientemente a su desarrollo fueron la edad [OR 1.05 (IC 95% 1.004 - 1.11 p = 0.034], la angioplastia a múltiple vaso [OR 2.2 (IC 95% 1.07 - 4.8, p = 0.03] y el volumen de contraste utilizado [OR 1.007 (IC 95% 1.001 - 1.01, p = 0.014].

IDIOPATHIC OMENTAL INFARCTION : A RARE CAUSE OF ACUTE PAIN ABDOMEN

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Narendra Nath

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Omental torsion leading on to omental infarction is an unusual cause of acute abdominal pain in adults. Often the condition mimics common causes of acute abdomen like acute cholecystitis, acute appendicitis or acute pancreatitis. A review of literature reveals that this enigmatic condition has been managed both non - operatively and by surgery in the past. We report the case of a 46 - year - old man who presented with a 4 - day history of severe right - sided abdominal pain mimicking acute cholecystitis. Abdominal CT scan revealed a right upper quadrant mass with a whirl - like appearance, suspicious for omental infarction. He was started on conservative management with analgesics and antibiotics. He improved symptomatically and was discharged

Evaluation of the usefulness of computed tomography on diagnosis and management of acute abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakai, Takehiro; Yagihashi, Nobuo; Osawa, Tadaharu; Harada, Osamu; Ito, Hiroyuki

2007-01-01

We evaluated the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing and managing acute abdomen. Subjects were 91 patients admitted complaining of acute abdominal pain and divided into two groups-those undergoing CT within 24 hours of admission (emergency CT group, n=70), those without CT (Non-CT group, n=21). The emergency CT group was subdivided into those with bowel obstruction (bowel obstruction group, n=29), those with acute appendicitis and other diseases necessitating differential diagnosis (appendicitis group, n=36), those with perforation of the digestive tract (perforation group, n=4), and other disease (n=1). We evaluated the accuracy of admission diagnosis retrospectively in each group. The final diagnosis of the bowel obstruction group was adhesive bowel obstruction in 16, colon cancer in 5, external hernia in 3 and other in 5. That in the appendicitis group was acute appendicitis in 25, colonic diverticulitis in 3, pelvic inflammatory disease in 3, ovarian hemorrhage in 2 and other in 5. The origin of perforation in the perforation group was upper digestive tract in 2 and lower digestive tract in 2. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of admission diagnosis in the emergency CT group was 91.1, 100 and 91.4%, respectively. The accuracy of admission diagnosis was 96.5% in the bowel obstruction group, 88.9% in the appendicitis group and 75.9% in the perforation group. Patients who could not be diagnosed precisely consisted of 6 patients in the emergency CT group. Those who could not be diagnosed precisely included 3 with pericecal abscess, 1 with acute appendicitis, 1 with stercoral perforation of the sigmoid colon and 1 with impacted bezoar in the small intestine. Evaluated retrospectively, 4 patients were able to be diagnosed by CT on admission. In diagnosis of acute abdomen, CT was useful in differential diagnosis of bowel obstruction and acute appendicitis, detection of fine free air, and determine of perforated sites. Emergency CT was thus

Modelos de serviços hospitalares para casos agudos em idosos Hospital services for acute care of elderly people

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João Macedo Coelho Filho

2000-12-01

Full Text Available Embora a atenção ao idoso seja uma prioridade emergente no Brasil, pouca ênfase tem sido dada a modelos de organização de serviços hospitalares para pacientes geriátricos. São revisados modelos de serviços hospitalares para admissão e manuseio de casos agudos em idosos, com ênfase na discussão sobre o papel e o posicionamento da medicina geriátrica (incluindo sua interface com especialidades e com a clínica médica no âmbito da atenção hospitalar. Foi realizada pesquisa na base de dados Medline (1989-1999, bem como nos principais livros-texto de geriatria e de gerontologia, buscando identificar descrições de serviços hospitalares para cuidado agudo de pacientes idosos. As características dos modelos identificados foram compiladas e descritas à luz de sua adequação à realidade dos serviços de saúde no Brasil. Exemplos de intervenções em geriatria, com efetividade demonstrada através de revisões sistemáticas, foram também citadas. Os modelos mais freqüentemente relatados foram cuidado prolongado, tradicional, baseado na idade cronológica, não especializado e integrado. Adaptações e variantes de alguns desses modelos foram freqüentemente relatadas, assim como seu impacto potencial na efetividade do cuidado geriátrico. Evidências sobre o melhor modelo a seguir não foram identificadas, mas aqueles modelos favorecendo a integração da geriatria com a clínica geral pareceram mais adequados à nossa realidade. Ressalta a necessidade de reestruturação de serviços de saúde para responder às novas demandas que surgem com o envelhecimento da população, bem como do delineamento de serviços hospitalares para casos agudos, importantes para a efetividade do cuidado geriátrico e que devem ser objeto de maior debate e pesquisa no Brasil.Although the implementation of geriatric services is an emerging priority in Brazil, little emphasis has been put on the type of acute care that should be provided for elderly

Acute abdomen and ascites as presenting features of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

OpenAIRE

Chaudhary, Sanjay; Qian, Qi

2012-01-01

We describe a patient with sudden onset of abdominal pain and ascites, leading to the diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Her presentation was consistent with acute liver cyst rupture as the cause of her acute illness. A review of literature on polycystic liver disease in patients with ADPKD and current management strategies are presented. This case alerts physicians that ADPKD could occasionally present as an acute abdomen; cyst rupture related to ADPKD may be ...

Factors that affect the accuracy in the precise radiotherapy for abdomen tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Tieming; Ju Yongjian

2008-01-01

The precise radiotherapy has been widely used in the clinics. But there are many factors that affect the accuracy in the course of implementation. Finally the effect of radiotherapy is affected. These factors are reviewed. And the previous research data about the abdomen tumors is summed up. Also how the accuracy was affected by the respiratory movement, positioning, position fixed technology, weight, retraction and motion of the tumor and the situation of surrounding organs will be analyzed. At last, how to avoid these errors in clinics will be discussed. (authors)

99mTcO(BAT-NI), a novel nitroimidazole tracer: in vivo uptake studies in ischaemic myocardium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoffend, J.; Linke, G.; Mohammed, A.; Haberkorn, U.; Tiefenbacher, C.P.; Eisenhut, M.

2003-01-01

Myocardial perfusion single-photon emission tomography (SPET) performed with cationic technetium-99m complexes indicates ischaemic areas as cold lesions. By contrast, nitroimidazole derivatives labelled with fluorine-18 or 99m Tc have recently shown promising results for hot spot imaging of ischaemic myocardium. This study evaluates 99m TcO(BAT-NI), a new 99m Tc complex comprising the nitroimidazole ligand, 2,10-dimercapto-2, 10-dimethyl-4, 8-diaza-6-[4-(2-nitroimidazolyl)butyl]undecane, in a low-flow in vivo model of myocardial ischaemia in thoracotomised rats. To elucidate the influence of the 2-nitroimidazole group on ischaemia-induced uptake, comparisons with ligand derivatives were performed where (a) the 2-nitro group was deleted [ 99m TcO(BAT-I)], (b) the 2-nitroimidazole functionality was replaced by a Br atom [ 99m TcO(BAT-Br)] and (c) the 99m TcO(BAT) moiety was replaced by an iodine-125 iodophenoxybutyl ligand ( 125 IP-NI). The radiolabelled compounds were i.v. injected 15 min after reducing resting myocardial blood flow by 50-60% and the uptake of radioactivity was assessed 90 min post injection. Autoradiography of left ventricular short-axis slices showed median uptake ratios of ischaemic/non-ischaemic myocardium (I/N) of 3.4, 4.5 and 3.4 for 99m TcO(BAT-NI), 99m TcO(BAT-I) and 99m TcO(BAT-Br), respectively. In contrast, 125 IP-NI was not preferentially taken up by ischaemic myocardium. Accumulation of 99m TcO(BAT-NI) in ischaemic heart regions was comparable to that in the liver. Biodistribution studies showed a median uptake of 0.65% ID/g of 99m TcO(BAT-NI) in ischaemic tissue and an I/N of 3.3. On planar images of the thorax and upper abdomen the ischaemic hearts were visualised faintly; the median heart to lung count ratio for 99m TcO(BAT-NI) was 1.7, and the median heart to liver count ratio was 1.0. We conclude that uptake of 99m TcO(BAT-NI) in ischaemic myocardium does not depend on the nitroimidazole moiety but is intrinsic to the BAT complex

Atención farmacéutica en personas que han sufrido episodios coronarios agudos (estudio TOMCOR

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Álvarez de Toledo Flor

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: Este estudio valora los efectos de un nuevo modelo de trabajo en las farmacias, denominado Atención Farmacéutica, frente al modelo tradicional. Se pretende conocer su factibilidad y las diferencias, potencialmente debidas a la Atención Farmacéutica, respecto de los resultados de salud de la farmacoterapia usada, en una muestra de pacientes que han sufrido episodios coronarios agudos. Métodos: Es un estudio prospectivo con un grupo de intervención (330 personas y un grupo control (405 personas, realizado en 83 farmacias de Asturias, Barcelona, Madrid y Vizcaya, en las que se hizo seguimiento durante un año del uso de medicamentos en 735 personas, de las cuales finalizaron el estudio 600. Resultados: Hubo diferencias favorables al grupo intervención, respecto de: a uso de servicios sanitarios indicativos de mayor morbilidad, tales como la frecuencia de consultas hospitalarias urgentes por paciente 1,27Interv. (IC95 %:1,10 a 1,44 y 1,63Contr.(IC95 %:1,36 a 1,90 o los días promedio de UCI por paciente hospitalizado: 2,46Interv.(IC95 %:1,56 a 3,36 y 5,87Contr.(IC95 %: 3,57 a 8,17, por causa cardiológica; b calidad de vida con diferencia de 4,7 (p < 0,05 en la dimensión de función física; c conocimiento de factores de riesgo de enfermedad coronaria, promedio de +10 % (p < 0,02 - 0,07, según dimensión; d identificación nominal de los medicamentos usados +10 % (p < 0,01; importancia subjetiva otorgada a los antiagregantes + 12 % (p < 0,009, los beta-bloqueantes, así como sus efectos +25 % (p < 0,02; y e satisfacción con la AF y percepción de la competencia profesional, promedio de + 12 % (p < 0,000 - 0,05, según dimensión. Conclusiones: Los valores menores de: demanda individual urgente coronaria, frecuencia de hospitalizaciones y número de días de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos coronaria por hospitalización, sugerirían que los pacientes que tras un episodio coronario agudo reciben Atención Farmacéutica tienden a

Atención farmacéutica en personas que han sufrido episodios coronarios agudos (estudio tomcor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flor Álvarez de Toledo

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: Este estudio valora los efectos de un nuevo modelo de trabajo en las farmacias, denominado Atención Farmacéutica, frente al modelo tradicional. Se pretende conocer su factibilidad y las diferencias, potencialmente debidas a la Atención Farmacéutica, respecto de los resultados de salud de la farmacoterapia usada, en una muestra de pacientes que han sufrido episodios coronarios agudos. Métodos: Es un estudio prospectivo con un grupo de intervención (330 personas y un grupo control (405 personas, realizado en 83 farmacias de Asturias, Barcelona, Madrid y Vizcaya, en las que se hizo seguimiento durante un año del uso de medicamentos en 735 personas, de las cuales finalizaron el estudio 600. Resultados: Hubo diferencias favorables al grupo intervención, respecto de: a uso de servicios sanitarios indicativos de mayor morbilidad, tales como la frecuencia de consultas hospitalarias urgentes por paciente 1,27Interv. (IC95 %:1,10 a 1,44 y 1,63Contr.(IC95 %:1,36 a 1,90 o los días promedio de UCI por paciente hospitalizado: 2,46Interv.(IC95 %:1,56 a 3,36 y 5,87Contr.(IC95 %: 3,57 a 8,17, por causa cardiológica; b calidad de vida con diferencia de 4,7 (p < 0,05 en la dimensión de función física; c conocimiento de factores de riesgo de enfermedad coronaria, promedio de +10 % (p < 0,02 - 0,07, según dimensión; d identificación nominal de los medicamentos usados +10 % (p < 0,01; importancia subjetiva otorgada a los antiagregantes + 12 % (p < 0,009, los beta-bloqueantes, así como sus efectos +25 % (p < 0,02; y e satisfacción con la AF y percepción de la competencia profesional, promedio de + 12 % (p < 0,000 – 0,05, según dimensión. Conclusiones: Los valores menores de: demanda individual urgente coronaria, frecuencia de hospitalizaciones y número de días de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos coronaria por hospitalización, sugerirían que los pacientes que tras un episodio coronario agudo reciben Atención Farmacéutica tienden a

Grupos de utilizacion de recursos en unidades de agudos y media estancia de servicios de geriatria

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Solano Jaurrieta Juan José

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos: En los últimos años se han implantado en nuestro país Sistemas de Clasificación de Pacientes (SCP con objeto de medir el «producto hospitalario». Sin embargo los sistemas más tradicionales resultan poco adecuados para la población anciana, en los que la incapacidad asociada a la enfermedad resulta determinante para explicar el consumo de recursos y los resultados asistenciales. Por ello, nos planteamos aplicar en servicios especializados de atención al anciano un sistema que contempla este parámetro, los Grupos de Utilización de Recursos (RUG, analizando las características y diferencias en la distribución en función de RUG en cuatro Servicios de Geriatría. Métodos: Se estudian transversalmente, mediante cortes sucesivos en períodos superiores a la estancia media en cada unidad, los pacientes ingresados en las unidades de agudos y media estancia de los Servicios de Geriatría del Hospital Monte Naranco (HMN (n=318, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja (HCCR (n=384, Hospital General de Guadalajara (HG (n=272 y Hospital Virgen del Valle (HVV (n=390, en lo relativo a su distribución según la clasificación RUG-T18. Las posibles diferencias entre los centros se analizaron mediante el test estadístico chi-cuadrado (SPSS para windows Resultados: Para el conjunto de la muestra los pacientes se concentran en los grupos R, S y C de la clasificación, con muy escasa representación de los grupos P y B, detectándose diferencias entre los centros. Así, el HCCR es el que maneja una mayor proporción de pacientes del grupo R (47,64% vs. 23,66% en el HMN, 20,57% en el HG y 20,53% en el HVV y una menor proporción de pacientes del grupo S (3,12% vs 6,40% en el HMN, 9,92% en el HG y 9,76% en el HVV y C (48,94% vs 76,29% en el HMN, 66,89% en el HG y 68,36% en el HVV. Igualmente es posible detectar diferencias en el análisis individual para las unidades de agudos y media estancia. Conclusiones: Los grupos de utilización de recursos

GRUPOS DE UTILIZACION DE RECURSOS EN UNIDADES DE AGUDOS Y MEDIA ESTANCIA DE SERVICIOS DE GERIATRIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan José Solano Jaurrieta

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos: En los últimos años se han implantado en nuestro país Sistemas de Clasificación de Pacientes (SCP con objeto de medir el «producto hospitalario». Sin embargo los sistemas más tradicionales resultan poco adecuados para la población anciana, en los que la incapacidad asociada a la enfermedad resulta determinante para explicar el consumo de recursos y los resultados asistenciales. Por ello, nos planteamos aplicar en servicios especializados de atención al anciano un sistema que contempla este parámetro, los Grupos de Utilización de Recursos (RUG, analizando las características y diferencias en la distribución en función de RUG en cuatro Servicios de Geriatría. Métodos: Se estudian transversalmente, mediante cortes sucesivos en períodos superiores a la estancia media en cada unidad, los pacientes ingresados en las unidades de agudos y media estancia de los Servicios de Geriatría del Hospital Monte Naranco (HMN (n=318, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja (HCCR (n=384, Hospital General de Guadalajara (HG (n=272 y Hospital Virgen del Valle (HVV (n=390, en lo relativo a su distribución según la clasificación RUG-T18. Las posibles diferencias entre los centros se analizaron mediante el test estadístico chi-cuadrado (SPSS para windows Resultados: Para el conjunto de la muestra los pacientes se concentran en los grupos R, S y C de la clasificación, con muy escasa representación de los grupos P y B, detectándose diferencias entre los centros. Así, el HCCR es el que maneja una mayor proporción de pacientes del grupo R (47,64% vs. 23,66% en el HMN, 20,57% en el HG y 20,53% en el HVV y una menor proporción de pacientes del grupo S (3,12% vs 6,40% en el HMN, 9,92% en el HG y 9,76% en el HVV y C (48,94% vs 76,29% en el HMN, 66,89% en el HG y 68,36% en el HVV. Igualmente es posible detectar diferencias en el análisis individual para las unidades de agudos y media estancia. Conclusiones: Los grupos de utilización de recursos

Whole-abdomen radiotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using twice-daily fractionation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liauw, Stanley L.; Yeh, Alexander M.; Morris, Christopher G.; Olivier, Kenneth R.; Mendenhall, Nancy Price

2006-01-01

Purpose: To report the tolerability and efficacy of twice-daily whole-abdomen irradiation (WAI) for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Methods and Materials: Of 123 patients treated for NHL with WAI, 37% received previous chemotherapy, 28% received WAI as part of comprehensive lymphatic irradiation (CLI), and 32% received WAI for palliation. The median dose to the whole abdomen was 25.0 Gy, followed by a median tumor boost of 9.8 Gy in 58 patients. Fractionation was 1.0 Gy once daily (54%) or 0.8 Gy twice daily (46%). Blood counts were measured weekly. Results: At a median follow-up of 4.3 years, local control was 72% and overall survival was 55% at 5 years. Median time of WAI was 42 days for once-daily treatment and 32 days for twice-daily treatment. Patients receiving twice-daily WAI did not have a significantly higher rate of acute side effects (e.g., nausea, diarrhea, platelet or red blood cell toxicity). Overall, acute thrombocytopenia was the most frequent side effect of treatment; 24 of 96 patients (25%) with available hematologic data had Grade 3+ toxicity. There was no acute Grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity and no late small bowel obstruction. Multiple regression indicated that patients with four or less involved sites and disease size ≤6 cm had improved local control and overall survival. Conclusions: Twice-daily WAI using 0.8 Gy/fraction does not appear to have any greater toxicity compared with once-daily treatment using 1 Gy/fraction. Small doses per fraction (0.8-1 Gy/fx) are effective, tolerated well in the acute setting, and associated with a low rate of late toxicity

Prophylaxis of radiotherapy induced diarrhea after irradiation of the pelvis or the abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hombrink, J.; Voss, A.C.; Froehlich, D.; Glatzel, M.; Krauss, A.; Glaser, F.H.

1995-01-01

Radiotherapy induced diarrhea and convulsive pain are severe side-effects of irradiation of the pelvis and the abdomen leading often to an interruption of the treatment. Up to now these side-effects were only treated symptomatically, prophylactic therapies are not known. During the years 1992 and 1993 174 patients who obtained radiotherapy in the pelvis or the abdomen because of different malignancies were observed referring to the diarrhea-prophylactic effect of Smectite (=Skilpin R ). 80 patients received Smectite at the beginning of radiotherapy, 94 patients of the controlgroup were treated with motility modifying drugs when diarrhea appeared. The following parameters were compared: Frequency, consistence and incontinence of stool, tenesmus and the onset of diarrhea. 67,0% (n=63) of the patients in the controlgroup developed diarrhea, whereas in the pretreated Smectite-group only 37,5% of the cases (n=30) developed diarrhea. The first appearance of diarrhea was at day 17 in the pretreated group and averagely at day 11 in the controlgroup. 44% of the patients in the controlgroup suffered from tenesmus versus 25% in the Smectite-group. In comparison to the symptomatic treatment of radiation enteritis the prophylactic application of Smectite is able to reduce the diarrhea from the beginning of raditherapy or at least to reduce the pathological frequency of stool and therefore to increase the quality of life. (orig.) [de

Abdomen disease diagnosis in CT images using flexiscale curvelet transform and improved genetic algorithm.

Science.gov (United States)

Sethi, Gaurav; Saini, B S

2015-12-01

This paper presents an abdomen disease diagnostic system based on the flexi-scale curvelet transform, which uses different optimal scales for extracting features from computed tomography (CT) images. To optimize the scale of the flexi-scale curvelet transform, we propose an improved genetic algorithm. The conventional genetic algorithm assumes that fit parents will likely produce the healthiest offspring that leads to the least fit parents accumulating at the bottom of the population, reducing the fitness of subsequent populations and delaying the optimal solution search. In our improved genetic algorithm, combining the chromosomes of a low-fitness and a high-fitness individual increases the probability of producing high-fitness offspring. Thereby, all of the least fit parent chromosomes are combined with high fit parent to produce offspring for the next population. In this way, the leftover weak chromosomes cannot damage the fitness of subsequent populations. To further facilitate the search for the optimal solution, our improved genetic algorithm adopts modified elitism. The proposed method was applied to 120 CT abdominal images; 30 images each of normal subjects, cysts, tumors and stones. The features extracted by the flexi-scale curvelet transform were more discriminative than conventional methods, demonstrating the potential of our method as a diagnostic tool for abdomen diseases.

Relationship of the Cold-Heat Sensation of the Limbs and Abdomen with Physiological Biomarkers.

Science.gov (United States)

Pham, Duong Duc; Lee, JeongHoon; Kim, GaYul; Song, JiYeon; Kim, JiEun; Leem, Chae Hun

2016-01-01

The present study explored the relationship between the regional Cold-Heat sensation, the key indicator of the Cold-Heat patterns in traditional East Asian medicine (TEAM), and various biomarkers in Korean population. 734 apparently healthy volunteers aged 20 years and older were enrolled. Three scale self-report questions on the general thermal feel in hands, legs, and abdomen were examined. We found that 65% of women tended to perceive their body, particularly their hands and legs, to be cold, versus 25% of men. Energy expenditure and temperature load at resting state were lower in women, independently of body mass index (BMI). Those with warm hands and warm legs had a 0.74 and 0.52 kg/m 2 higher BMI than those with cold hands and cold legs, respectively, regardless of age, gender, and body weight. Norepinephrine was higher, whereas the dynamic changes in glucose and insulin during an oral glucose tolerance test were lower in those with cold extremities, particularly hands. No consistent differences in biomarkers were found for the abdominal dimension. These results suggest that gender, BMI, the sympathetic nervous system, and glucose metabolism are potential determinants of the Cold-Heat sensation in the hands and legs, but not the abdomen.

Relationship of the Cold-Heat Sensation of the Limbs and Abdomen with Physiological Biomarkers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Duong Duc Pham

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The present study explored the relationship between the regional Cold-Heat sensation, the key indicator of the Cold-Heat patterns in traditional East Asian medicine (TEAM, and various biomarkers in Korean population. 734 apparently healthy volunteers aged 20 years and older were enrolled. Three scale self-report questions on the general thermal feel in hands, legs, and abdomen were examined. We found that 65% of women tended to perceive their body, particularly their hands and legs, to be cold, versus 25% of men. Energy expenditure and temperature load at resting state were lower in women, independently of body mass index (BMI. Those with warm hands and warm legs had a 0.74 and 0.52 kg/m2 higher BMI than those with cold hands and cold legs, respectively, regardless of age, gender, and body weight. Norepinephrine was higher, whereas the dynamic changes in glucose and insulin during an oral glucose tolerance test were lower in those with cold extremities, particularly hands. No consistent differences in biomarkers were found for the abdominal dimension. These results suggest that gender, BMI, the sympathetic nervous system, and glucose metabolism are potential determinants of the Cold-Heat sensation in the hands and legs, but not the abdomen.

505 Effective Medicated Abdomen Wrapper Best External Care for Lingering Diseases Unconventional Product for Vigorous Health

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

1993-01-01

505 Effective Medicated Abdomen Wrapper,a national patent product(patent num-ber 90202386.1),together with its serial products,has filled in the gaps in the field ofChina’s medical science and health care products.The development of the product wasbrought into line with the State Spark Programme by the State Commission for Science

Exclusive study of Ni+Ni and Ni+Au central collisions: phase coexistence and spinodal decomposition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guiot, B.

2002-12-01

The INDRA multidetector allowed us to study the Ni+Ni collisions at 32A MeV and the Ni+Au collisions at 52,4 MeV. Central collisions leading to 'quasi-fused' systems were isolated using multidimensional analysis techniques: the Discriminant Analysis and the Principal Component Analysis. Comparison with a statistical model shows that the selected events are compatible with thermodynamical equilibrium. The average thermal excitation energy is 5A MeV for both systems. Calculations of heat capacities show that the deexcitation of the hot sources are akin to a liquid-gas phase transition of nuclear matter. Indeed heat capacities exhibit a negative branch as expected for a phase transition of a finite system. The dynamics of this phase transition has been investigated by applying the charge correlation method. An enhanced production of events with equal-sized fragments has been evidenced for Ni+Au at 52A MeV. No signal was found for Ni+Ni at 32A MeV. Finally this method was improved by taking into account the total charge conservation. The signal is seen more clearly for Ni+Au at 52A MeV, but is ambiguous for Ni+Ni at 32A MeV. The path followed in the state diagram, or the involved time scales, seem to be different for these systems. (authors)

Evaluation of amylase and lipase levels in blunt trauma abdomen patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, Subodh; Sagar, Sushma; Subramanian, Arulselvi; Albert, Venencia; Pandey, Ravindra Mohan; Kapoor, Nitika

2012-04-01

There are studies to prove the role of amylase and lipase estimation as a screening diagnostic tool to detect diseases apart from acute pancreatitis. However, there is sparse literature on the role of serum and urine amylase, lipase levels, etc to help predict the specific intra-abdominal injury after blunt trauma abdomen (BTA). To elucidate the significance of elevation in the levels of amylase and lipase in serum and urine samples as reliable parameters for accurate diagnosis and management of blunt trauma to the abdomen. A prospective analysis was done on the trauma patients admitted in Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, AIIMS, with blunt abdomen trauma injuries over a period of six months. Blood and urine samples were collected on days 1, 3, and 5 of admission for the estimation of amylase and lipase, liver function tests, serum bicarbonates, urine routine microscopy for red blood cells, and complete hemogram. Clinical details such as time elapsed from injury to admission, type of injury, trauma score, and hypotension were noted. Patients were divided into groups according to the single or multiple organs injured and according to their hospital outcome (dead/discharged). Wilcoxon's Rank sum or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare median values in two/three groups. Data analysis was performed using STATA 11.0 statistical software. A total of 55 patients with median age 26 (range, 6-80) years, were enrolled in the study. Of these, 80% were males. Surgery was required for 20% of the patients. Out of 55 patients, 42 had isolated single organ injury [liver or spleen or gastrointestinal tract (GIT) or kidney]. Patients with pancreatic injury were excluded. In patients who suffered liver injuries, urine lipase levels on day 1, urine lipase/amylase ratio along with aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) on days 1, 3, and 5, were found to be significant. Day 1 serum amylase, AST, ALT, hemoglobin, and

Sew it up! A Western Trauma Association multi-institutional study of enteric injury management in the postinjury open abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Burlew, Clay Cothren; Moore, Ernest E; Cuschieri, Joseph; Jurkovich, Gregory J; Codner, Panna; Crowell, Kody; Nirula, Ram; Haan, James; Rowell, Susan E; Kato, Catherine M; MacNew, Heather; Ochsner, M Gage; Harrison, Paul B; Fusco, Cynthia; Sauaia, Angela; Kaups, Krista L

2011-02-01

Use of damage control surgery techniques has reduced mortality in critically injured patients but at the cost of the open abdomen. With the option of delayed definitive management of enteric injuries, the question of intestinal repair/anastomosis or definitive stoma creation has been posed with no clear consensus. The purpose of this study was to determine outcomes on the basis of management of enteric injuries in patients relegated to the postinjury open abdomen. Patients requiring an open abdomen after trauma from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2007 were reviewed. Type of bowel repair was categorized as immediate repair, immediate anastomosis, delayed anastomosis, stoma and a combination. Logistic regression was used to determine independent effect of risk factors on leak development. During the 6-year study period, 204 patients suffered enteric injuries and were managed with an open abdomen. The majority was men (77%) sustaining blunt trauma (66%) with a mean age of 37.1 years±1.2 years and median Injury Severity Score of 27 (interquartile range=20-41). Injury patterns included 81 (40%) small bowel, 37 (18%) colonic, and 86 (42%) combined injuries. Enteric injuries were managed with immediate repair (58), immediate anastomosis (15), delayed anastomosis (96), stoma (10), and a combination (22); three patients died before definitive repair. Sixty-one patients suffered intra-abdominal complications: 35 (17%) abscesses, 15 (7%) leaks, and 11 (5%) enterocutaneous fistulas. The majority of patients with leaks had a delayed anastomosis; one patient had a right colon repair. Leak rate increased as one progresses toward the left colon (small bowel anastomoses, 3% leak rate; right colon, 3%; transverse colon, 20%; left colon, 45%). There were no differences in emergency department physiology, injury severity, transfusions, crystalloids, or demographic characteristics between patients with and without leak. Leak cases had higher 12-hour heart rate (148 vs. 125, p=0

Giant magnetoimpedance effect in sputtered single layered NiFe film and meander NiFe/Cu/NiFe film

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, L.; Zhou, Y.; Lei, C.; Zhou, Z.M.; Ding, W.

2010-01-01

Giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect on NiFe thin film is very promising due to its application in developing the magnetic field sensors with highly sensitivity and low cost. In this paper, the single layered NiFe thin film and NiFe/Cu/NiFe thin film with a meander structure are prepared by the MEMS technology. The influences of sputtering parameters, film structure and conductor layer width on GMI effect in NiFe single layer and meander NiFe/Cu/NiFe film are investigated. Maximum of the GMI ratio in single layer and sandwich film is 5% and 64%, respectively. The results obtained are useful for developing the high-performance magnetic sensors based on NiFe thin film.

Morphological control of Ni/NiO core/shell nanoparticles and production of hollow NiO nanostructures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chopra, Nitin; Claypoole, Leslie; Bachas, Leonidas G.

2010-01-01

Chemical synthesis coupled with a microwave irradiation process allowed for the control of size (6-40 nm), shape, and shell thickness of Ni/NiO core/shell nanoparticles. In this unique synthetic route, the size of Ni nanoparticles (NiNPs) was strongly influenced by the nickel salt-to-stabilizer ratio and the amount of the stabilizer. Interestingly, it was observed that the shape of the nanoparticles was altered by varying the reaction time, where longer reaction times resulted in annealing effects and rupture of the stabilizer micelle leading to distinct shapes of Ni/NiO core/shell nanostructures. Product cooling rate was another important parameter identified in this study that not only affected the shape, but also the crystal structure of the core/shell nanoparticles. In addition, a simple and cost-effective method of microwave irradiation of NiNPs led to the formation of distinctly shaped hollow NiO nanoparticles. These high surface area core/shell nanoparticles with well-controlled morphologies are important and can lead to significant advancement in the design of improved fuel cells, electrochromic display devices, and catalysis systems.

Morphological control of Ni/NiO core/shell nanoparticles and production of hollow NiO nanostructures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chopra, Nitin [University of Alabama, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Center for Materials for Information Technology (MINT) (United States); Claypoole, Leslie [Fairmont State University (United States); Bachas, Leonidas G., E-mail: bachas@uky.ed [University of Kentucky, Department of Chemistry (United States)

2010-10-15

Chemical synthesis coupled with a microwave irradiation process allowed for the control of size (6-40 nm), shape, and shell thickness of Ni/NiO core/shell nanoparticles. In this unique synthetic route, the size of Ni nanoparticles (NiNPs) was strongly influenced by the nickel salt-to-stabilizer ratio and the amount of the stabilizer. Interestingly, it was observed that the shape of the nanoparticles was altered by varying the reaction time, where longer reaction times resulted in annealing effects and rupture of the stabilizer micelle leading to distinct shapes of Ni/NiO core/shell nanostructures. Product cooling rate was another important parameter identified in this study that not only affected the shape, but also the crystal structure of the core/shell nanoparticles. In addition, a simple and cost-effective method of microwave irradiation of NiNPs led to the formation of distinctly shaped hollow NiO nanoparticles. These high surface area core/shell nanoparticles with well-controlled morphologies are important and can lead to significant advancement in the design of improved fuel cells, electrochromic display devices, and catalysis systems.

Síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo relacionada à sepse em crianças com câncer: dinâmica respiratória de uma condição devastadora

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Rodrigo Genaro Arduini

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a evolução clínica e os parâmetros respiratórios de crianças com câncer submetidas à ventilação mecânica que apresentavam síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo relacionada à sepse. Métodos: Este estudo longitudinal, prospectivo e observacional de coorte com duração de 2 anos incluiu 29 crianças e adolescentes. Dados clínicos, avaliações de gasometria sanguínea e parâmetros ventilatórios foram coletados em quatro momentos diferentes. As flutuações entre as avaliações e as diferenças entre as médias estimadas foram analisadas por meio de modelos lineares mistos, tendo como parâmetro primário (endpoint a ocorrência de óbito dentro de 28 dias após o início da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. Resultados: Ocorreram 17 óbitos dentro de 28 dias após o início da síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo, e outros 7 entre 29 e 60 dias. Apenas cinco pacientes sobreviveram por mais de 60 dias. Nove (31% pacientes faleceram como consequência direta de hipoxemia refratária, e os demais em razão de falência de múltiplos órgãos e choque refratário a catecolaminas. Em 66% das avaliações, o volume corrente demandado para obter saturação de oxigênio igual ou acima de 90% foi superior a 7mL/kg. As médias estimadas de complacência dinâmica foram baixas e similares para sobreviventes e não sobreviventes, porém com inclinação negativa da reta entre a primeira e última avaliações, acompanhada por uma inclinação negativa da reta para volume corrente nos não sobreviventes. Os não sobreviventes tiveram significantemente mais hipoxemia, com relações PaO2/FiO2 que demonstravam médias mais baixas e inclinação negativa da reta nas quatro avaliações. As pressões pico, expiratória e média das vias aéreas demonstraram inclinações positivas na reta para os não sobreviventes, que também apresentaram mais acidose metabólica. Conclusões: Na maioria de

The deceased organ donor with an "open abdomen": proceed with caution.

Science.gov (United States)

Watkins, A C; Vedula, G V; Horan, J; Dellicarpini, K; Pak, S-W; Daly, T; Samstein, B; Kato, T; Emond, J C; Guarrera, J V

2012-06-01

In solid organ transplantation, the disparity between donor supply and patients awaiting transplant continues to increase. The organ shortage has led to relaxation of historic contraindications to organ donation. A large percentage of deceased organ donors have been subjected to traumatic injuries, which can often result in intervention that leads to abdominal packing and intensive care unit resuscitation. The donor with this "open abdomen" (OA) presents a situation in which the risk of organ utilization is difficult to quantify. There exists a concern for the potential of a higher risk for both bacterial and fungal infections, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens because of the prevalence of antibiotic use and critical illness in this population. No recommendations have been established for utilization of organs from these OA donors, because data are limited. Herein, we report a case of a 21-year-old donor who had sustained a gunshot wound to his abdomen, resulting in a damage-control laparotomy and abdominal packing. The donor subsequently suffered brain death, and the family consented to organ donation. A multiorgan procurement was performed with respective transplantation of the procured organs (heart, liver, and both kidneys) into 4 separate recipients. Peritoneal swab cultures performed at the time of organ recovery grew out MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the day after procurement, subsequently followed by positive blood and sputum cultures as well. All 4 transplant recipients subsequently developed infections with MDR P. aeruginosa, which appeared to be donor-derived with similar resistance patterns. Appropriate antibiotic coverage was initiated in all of the patients. Although 2 of the recipients died, mortality did not appear to be clearly associated with the donor-derived infections. This case illustrates the potential infectious risk associated with organs from donors with an OA, and suggests that aggressive surveillance for occult infections

Synthesis of Ni3Ta, Ni2Ta and NiTa by high-energy ball milling and subsequent heat treatment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Benites, H.S.N.; Silva, B.P da; Ramos, A.S.; Silva, A.A.A.P.; Coelho, G.C.; Lima, B.B. de

2014-01-01

The tantalum has relevance for the development of multicomponent Ni-based superalloys which are hardened by solid solution and precipitation mechanisms. Master alloys are normally used in the production step in order to produce refractory metals and alloys. The present work reports on the synthesis of Ni_3Ta, Ni_2Ta and NiTa by high-energy ball milling and subsequent heat treatment. The elemental Ni-25Ta, Ni-33Ta and Ni-50Ta (at.-%) powder mixtures were ball milled under Ar atmosphere using stainless steel balls and vials, 300 rpm and a ball-to-powder weight ratio of 10:1. Following, the as-milled samples were uniaxially compacted and heat-treated at 1100 deg C for 4h under Ar atmosphere. The characterization of as-milled and heat-treated samples was conducted by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometry. A large amount of Ni_3Ta, Ni_2Ta and NiTa was formed in the mechanically alloyed heat-treated Ni-25Ta, Ni-33Ta and Ni-50Ta alloys. (author)

Efecto diurético agudo de los extractos etanólico y acuoso de Ceratopteris pteridoides (Hook en ratas normales

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Antistio Aníbal Alviz

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Ceratopteris pteridoides es un helecho semiacuático de la familia Parkeriacea, ampliamente utilizado en la medicina popular colombiana como diurético y colelitiásico, sobre el cual no existen reportes científicos que avalen su uso popular como diurético. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto diurético agudo en dosis única y dosis repetidas a corto plazo, de los extractos etanólico y acuoso de C. pteridoides en un modelo in vivo. Materiales y métodos. El extracto etanólico total fue obtenido por maceración de la planta entera de C. pteridoides con etanol y el extracto acuoso fue obtenido por decocción a 60 °C por 15 minutos. Ambos extractos se sometieron a análisis fitoquímico preliminar y estudio histológico posterior a la administración de los extractos durante ocho días consecutivos (1.000 mg/kg. El efecto diurético se evaluó en ratas Wistar, tratadas con los extractos (500 mg/kg, en forma aguda y en dosis repetidas a corto plazo, cuantificando la eliminación de agua y la excreción renal de sodio y potasio por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica y, de cloruros, por titulación mercurimétrica. Resultados. En el modelo agudo, ambos extractos mostraron un significativo efecto diurético y de excreción renal de sodio y potasio en comparación con el control, mientras que con la administración en dosis repetidas a corto plazo mostraron efecto diurético sin eliminación de electrolitos. El estudio histopatológico no sugirió efectos tóxicos hepáticos o renales. Conclusión. Los resultados demuestran la actividad diurética de C. pteridoides y sustentan el uso popular dado a esta planta como diurético en la costa norte colombiana. Se requieren estudios posteriores que permitan aislar e identificar los compuestos responsables de la actividad y los mecanismos de acción involucrados.   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i1.611

Current perspectives of acute pain treatment Perspectivas actuales de tratamiento del paciente con dolor agudo

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Tiberio Alvarez Echeverri

1993-03-01

Full Text Available

In the last years opioids have become of great importance in the relief of postoperative and other forms of acute pain. Reasons for this trend have been the availability of agonist opioids like phentanyl. sulphentanyl and alphentanyl and the results of research on the physlology. The pharmacology and the chemistry of drug receptors and neurotransmitters. The studies on chemicals other than opioids that contribute to pain relief when administered through different ways. specially the spinal. Have also influenced such a trend.

En los últimos años los opiáceos han adquirido gran importancia en el alivio del dolor agudo especialmente del tipo postoperatorio. Una de las razones ha sido la disponibilidad de morfínicos agonistas como el fentanil, el sufentanil y el alfentanil; otra es la investigación de la fisiología, la farmacología y la química de los receptores y los neurotransmisores como de sustancias diferentes a los opláceos, aplicadas por diferentes vías en especial la espinal, que coadyuvan al alivio del dolor.

On the nature of Ni···Ni interaction in a model dimeric Ni complex.

Science.gov (United States)

Kamiński, Radosław; Herbaczyńska, Beata; Srebro, Monika; Pietrzykowski, Antoni; Michalak, Artur; Jerzykiewicz, Lucjan B; Woźniak, Krzysztof

2011-06-07

A new dinuclear complex (NiC(5)H(4)SiMe(2)CHCH(2))(2) (2) was prepared by reacting nickelocene derivative [(C(5)H(4)SiMe(2)CH=CH(2))(2)Ni] (1) with methyllithium (MeLi). Good quality crystals were subjected to a high-resolution X-ray measurement. Subsequent multipole refinement yielded accurate description of electron density distribution. Detailed inspection of experimental electron density in Ni···Ni contact revealed that the nickel atoms are bonded and significant deformation of the metal valence shell is related to different populations of the d-orbitals. The existence of the Ni···Ni bond path explains the lack of unpaired electrons in the complex due to a possible exchange channel.

Daño renal cortical en niños con primera infección del tracto urinario alto

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Tulio Antonio Amaya Sorto

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: entre el 5 y 22 % de los niños que padecen pielonefritis aguda desarrollarán cicatriz renal. Objetivo: describir los aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos del daño renal cortical en niños con la primera infección del tracto urinario alto. Métodos: estudio observacional prospectivo y longitudinal sobre el daño renal cicatricial en niños con la primera infección urinaria alta, ingresados en el servicio de nefrología del Hospital Pediátrico Universitario "William Soler", entre el 1º de enero de 2008 y diciembre 31 de 2009. Se diagnosticaron 50 pacientes, y 38 reunieron criterios para incluirlos en el estudio. Los pacientes tenían una edad media de 18 meses. A los 38 pacientes se les realizó ultrasonido renal durante la fase aguda de la enfermedad, y gammagrafía renal estática entre 6 y 12 meses después del cuadro agudo, para precisar la lesión renal cortical. En los casos con cicatriz renal, ausencia o disminución de captación del radiofármaco (99mTc-DMSA, se les realizó uretrocistografía miccional para precisar la existencia de reflujo vesicoureteral. Resultados: 28 pacientes (73,7 % son del sexo femenino, 17 (44,7 % menores de 6 meses, 17 (44,7 % tienen entre 6 y 36 meses, y 4 (10,6 % > 3 años. La infección urinaria fue atípica en 23 (60,5 %, y el germen aislado, la Escherichia coli en 33 (86,8 %. El ultrasonido de la fase aguda demostró dilatación pélvica renal en 3 (7,9 % y asimetría renal en 1 (2,6 %. En 2 pacientes (5,2 % se demostró cicatriz renal y en 11 (28,4 % hipofunción de la corteza renal. La uretrocistografía miccional demostró reflujo vesicoureteral grado III en una niña, que además, tenía cicatriz renal. No existió relación entre el inicio de los síntomas, comienzo de la terapeútica y lesión cortical. Conclusiones: los factores de riesgo para desarrollar cicatriz renal pospielonefrítica fueron: sexo femenino, edad menor de 3 años y reflujo vesicoureteral grado III.

Gd-Ni-Si system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bodak, O.I.; Shvets, A.F.

1983-01-01

By X-ray phase analysis method isothermal cross section of phase diagram of the Gd-Ni-Si system at 870 K is studied. The existence of nine previously known compounds (GdNisub(6.72)Sisub(6.28), GdNi 10 Si 2 , GdNi 5 Si 3 , GdNi 4 Si, GdNi 2 Si 2 , GdNiSi 3 , GdNiSi 2 , Gd 3 Ni 6 Si 2 and GdNiSi) is confirmed and three new compounds (GdNisub(0.2)Sisub(1.8), Gdsub(2)Nisub(1-0.8)Sisub(1-1.2), Gd 5 NiSi 4 ) are found. On the base of Gd 2 Si 3 compound up to 0.15 at. Ni fractions, an interstitial solid solution is formed up to 0.25 at Ni fractions dissolution continues of substitution type. The Gd-Ni-Si system is similar to the Y-Ni-Si system

Sobrecarga en el cuidador de paciente con infarto agudo al miocardio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Norma Lizbeth Ávila Estrada

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de muerte en México, generando un impacto social persistente que involucra tanto a quien lo padece como a quienes lo rodean. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de sobrecarga en el cuidador con pacientes de infarto agudo miocardio (IAM en el Hospital General de Durango. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo no experimental, transversal; 54 familiares de pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico de IAM en el Hospital General Durango, no probabilístico por conveniencia. Resultados: La edad promedio en el estudio es de 18 a 25 años correspondiendo al 37%, de los cuales el 66.7% es femenino, 59.3% tiene escolaridad de medios superior, el 72.2% son de procedencia de la ciudad de Durango, con respecto al parentesco del cuidador con la persona que demanda cuidado esta es en su mayoría hijo con un porcentaje de 20.4%; también un alto porcentaje 81.5 % convive con el enfermo y un 63.0% trabaja fuera del hogar, y un 27.8% ha dejado el trabajo parcialmente; el resultado revelo que existe un nivel medio de sobrecarga del 44.2% en el cuidador primario. Discusión y Conclusiones: Son identificables los niveles de sobrecarga en cuidadores de pacientes con IAM generando una serie de variables que alteran la relación cuidador-paciente trayendo consigo una sobrecarga de tipo medio. (Rev Cuid 2012;3(3:342-8.Palabras clave: Cuidados Posteriores, Absentismo Familiar, Atención no Remunerada. (Fuente: DeCS BIREME.

EJERCICIO Y LA DETECCION DEL MAL AGUDO DE MONTAÑA GRAVE

Science.gov (United States)

Garófoli, Adrián; Montoya, Paola; Elías, Carlos; Benzo, Roberto

2012-01-01

El Mal Agudo de Montaña (MAM) es un conjunto de síntomas inespecíficos padecidos por sujetos que ascienden rápidamente desde baja a alta altura sin adecuada aclimatación. Usualmente es autolimitado, pero las formas graves (edema pulmonar y cerebral) pueden causar la muerte. La hipoxemia exagerada en reposo está relacionada con el desarrollo de MAM pero su valor predictivo es limitado. Dado que el ejercicio en altura se acompaña de mayor hipoxemia y síntomas, postulamos el valor predictivo de un simple test de ejercicio para pronosticar MAM grave. Se estudió el valor predictivo de la saturación de oxígeno en reposo y ejercicio submáximo a 2 700m y 4 300m en 63 sujetos que ascendían al cerro Aconcagua (6 962m). Se consideró desaturación de oxígeno con ejercicio a una disminución >=5% respecto al reposo. Se utilizó la escala de Lake-Louise para establecer la presencia de MAM grave. 6 sujetos presentaron MAM grave (9.5%) y requirieron evacuación. La saturación de oxígeno en reposo a 2 700m no fue significativa para clasificar sujetos que luego desarrollaron MAM grave. Por el contrario, la asociación de desaturación durante el ejercicio a 2 700m más la saturación inapropiada en reposo a 4 300m fue significativa para clasificar a los sujetos que desarrollaron MAM grave con un valor predictivo positivo de 80% y un valor predictivo negativo del 97%. Nuestros resultados son relevantes para el montañismo y sugieren la adición de un simple test de ejercicio en la predicción del MAM grave. PMID:20228017

Advantages and disadvantages of using non-coplanar techniques in radiotherapy of the abdomen formed 3D; Ventajas e inconvenientes del uso de tecnicas con coplanares en radiaoterpia 3D conformada de abdomen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Urena Llinares, A.; Castro Ramirez, I.; Iborra Oquendo, M. A; Quinones Rodriguez, L. A.; Angulo Pain, E.

2011-07-01

3D Radiotherapy locations abdomen, especially in pancreas and stomach cancers is often extremely difficult if we are to meet the dose constraints to organs at risk due to proximity and many of these (liver, kidneys, intestines, lungs, bone. ..). Of these, the most critical are the kidneys, which also present values of tolerance, in most cases difficult to meet. This is done in our hospital are using non-coplanar techniques performing well both as coating PTV dose to both kidneys.

Abdome agudo obstrutivo pela veia porta - relato de caso

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Celeste Gomes Sardinha Oshiro

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A veia porta pré-duodenal é uma anomalia congênita rara, sintomática em apenas 50% dos casos, sendo que seu diagnóstico é feito por laparotomia exploradora. O tratamento de escolha é cirúrgico, com bom prognóstico. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de Abdome Agudo Obstrutivo por Veia Porta Pré Doudenal (VPPD no período neonatal no Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba. Metodologia: Descrição do referido caso e revisão de literatura. Relato de Caso: Recém-nascido de F.S.S., feminino, de parto normal em 30/05/2016, cuja mãe com 21 anos, apresentou durante pré-natal Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional e polihidrâmnio; negou consanguinidade, vícios e infecções. Ao nascimento, idade gestacional 38 1/7 semanas, peso 2865g, comprimento 47 cm, Apgar 9/9. Durante rotinas de sala de parto, à aspiração gástrica, saída de 55 ml de líquido claro com grumos (LCCG. No 4o dia de vida, episódios de vômito com sangue e distensão abdominal. No 11° dia de vida, realizada Laparotomia Exploradora que identificou dilatação gástrica e duodenal, principalmente na 3° porção, onde passa anteriormente a Veia Porta, comprimindo parcialmente a borda antimesentérica duodenal, o que comprometia seu esvaziamento. Realizada anastomose duodeno-jejunal. Recebeu alimentação parenteral por 15 dias. RN apresentou infecções fúngica e bacteriana, tratadas durante internação. Recebe alta com 46 dias de vida em aleitamento materno e boa recuperação clínica. Conclusão: Existem poucos relatos sobre a formação anômala da veia porta e suas consequências. O diagnóstico pré-natal ou pré-operatório de VPPD raramente é feito. Boa evolução pós correção cirúrgica.

Adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR) 3D in low dose CT abdomen-pelvis: Effects on image quality and radiation exposure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ang, W C; Hashim, S; Karim, M K A; Bahruddin, N A; Salehhon, N; Musa, Y

2017-01-01

The widespread use of computed tomography (CT) has increased the medical radiation exposure and cancer risk. We aimed to evaluate the impact of AIDR 3D in CT abdomen-pelvic examinations based on image quality and radiation dose in low dose (LD) setting compared to standard dose (STD) with filtered back projection (FBP) reconstruction. We retrospectively reviewed the images of 40 patients who underwent CT abdomen-pelvic using a 80 slice CT scanner. Group 1 patients ( n =20, mean age 41 ± 17 years) were performed at LD with AIDR 3D reconstruction and Group 2 patients ( n =20, mean age 52 ± 21 years) were scanned with STD using FBP reconstruction. Objective image noise was assessed by region of interest (ROI) measurements in the liver and aorta as standard deviation (SD) of the attenuation value (Hounsfield Unit, HU) while subjective image quality was evaluated by two radiologists. Statistical analysis was used to compare the scan length, CT dose index volume (CTDI vol ) and image quality of both patient groups. Although both groups have similar mean scan length, the CTDI vol significantly decreased by 38% in LD CT compared to STD CT ( p <0.05). Objective and subjective image quality were statistically improved with AIDR 3D ( p <0.05). In conclusion, AIDR 3D enables significant dose reduction of 38% with superior image quality in LD CT abdomen-pelvis. (paper)

Electronic structure of Ni/sub 3/Al and Ni/sub 3/Ga alloys

CERN Document Server

Pong, W F; Chang, Y K; Tsai, M H; Hsieh, H H; Pieh, J Y; Tseng, P K; Lee, J F; Hsu, L S

1999-01-01

This work investigates the charge transfer and Al(Ga) p-Ni d hybridization effects in the intermetallic Ni/sub 3/Al(Ni/sub 3/Ga) alloy using the NiL/sub 3.2/- and K-edge and Al(Ga)K X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurements. We find that the intensity of white-line features at the NiL/sub 3.2/-edge in the Ni/sub 3/Al(Ni /sub 3/Ga) alloy decreased in comparison with that of pure Ni, which can be attributed to the enhancement of Ni3d states filling and the depletion of the density of Ni 3d unoccupied states in the Ni/sub 3 /Al(Ni/sub 3/Ga) alloy. Two clear features are also observed in the Ni/sub 3/Al(Ni/sub 3/Ga) XANES spectrum at the Al(Ga) K-edge, which can be assigned to the Al(Ga) unoccupied 3p (4p) states and their hybridized states with the Ni 3d/4sp states above the Fermi level in Ni/sub 3/Al(Ni/sub 3/Ga). The threshold at Al K-edge XANES for Ni/sub 3/Al clearly shifts towards higher photon energies relative to that of pure Al, indicating that Al loses charges upon forming Ni/sub 3 /Al. ...

Ni-NiO core-shell inverse opal electrodes for supercapacitors.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Jae-Hun; Kang, Soon Hyung; Zhu, Kai; Kim, Jin Young; Neale, Nathan R; Frank, Arthur J

2011-05-14

A general template-assisted electrochemical approach was used to synthesize three-dimensional ordered Ni core-NiO shell inverse opals (IOs) as electrodes for supercapacitors. The Ni-NiO IO electrodes displayed pseudo-capacitor behavior, good rate capability and cycling performance. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011

An Ultrastable and High-Performance Flexible Fiber-Shaped Ni-Zn Battery based on a Ni-NiO Heterostructured Nanosheet Cathode.

Science.gov (United States)

Zeng, Yinxiang; Meng, Yue; Lai, Zhengzhe; Zhang, Xiyue; Yu, Minghao; Fang, Pingping; Wu, Mingmei; Tong, Yexiang; Lu, Xihong

2017-11-01

Currently, the main bottleneck for the widespread application of Ni-Zn batteries is their poor cycling stability as a result of the irreversibility of the Ni-based cathode and dendrite formation of the Zn anode during the charging-discharging processes. Herein, a highly rechargeable, flexible, fiber-shaped Ni-Zn battery with impressive electrochemical performance is rationally demonstrated by employing Ni-NiO heterostructured nanosheets as the cathode. Benefiting from the improved conductivity and enhanced electroactivity of the Ni-NiO heterojunction nanosheet cathode, the as-fabricated fiber-shaped Ni-NiO//Zn battery displays high capacity and admirable rate capability. More importantly, this Ni-NiO//Zn battery shows unprecedented cyclic durability both in aqueous (96.6% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles) and polymer (almost no capacity attenuation after 10 000 cycles at 22.2 A g -1 ) electrolytes. Moreover, a peak energy density of 6.6 µWh cm -2 , together with a remarkable power density of 20.2 mW cm -2 , is achieved by the flexible quasi-solid-state fiber-shaped Ni-NiO//Zn battery, outperforming most reported fiber-shaped energy-storage devices. Such a novel concept of a fiber-shaped Ni-Zn battery with impressive stability will greatly enrich the flexible energy-storage technologies for future portable/wearable electronic applications. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Thermal stability and electrical characteristics of NiSi films with electroplated Ni(W) alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xin Yuhang; Hu Anmin; Li Ming; Mao Dali

2011-01-01

In this study, an electroplating method to deposited Ni, crystalline NiW(c-NiW), amorphous NiW (a-NiW) films on P-type Si(1 0 0) were used to form Ni-silicide (NiSi) films. After annealed at various temperatures, sheet resistance of Ni/Cu, c-NiW/Cu and a-NiW/Cu was measured to observe the performance of those diffusion barrier layers. With W added in the barrier layer, the barrier performance was improved. The results of XRD and resistance measurement of the stacked Si/Ni(W)/Cu films reveal that Cu atom could diffuse through Ni barrier layer at 450 deg. C, could diffuse through c-NiW at 550 deg. C, but could hardly diffuse through a-NiW barrier layer. c-NiW layer has a better barrier performance than Ni layer, meanwhile the resistance is lower than a-NiW layer.

First-principles calculations for the elastic properties of Ni-base model superalloys: Ni/Ni3Al multilayers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yun-Jiang, Wang; Chong-Yu, Wang

2009-01-01

A model system consisting of Ni[001](100)/Ni 3 Al[001](100) multi-layers are studied using the density functional theory in order to explore the elastic properties of single crystal Ni-based superalloys. Simulation results are consistent with the experimental observation that rafted Ni-base superalloys virtually possess a cubic symmetry. The convergence of the elastic properties with respect to the thickness of the multilayers are tested by a series of multilayers from 2γ'+2γ to 10γ'+10γ atomic layers. The elastic properties are found to vary little with the increase of the multilayer's thickness. A Ni/Ni 3 Al multilayer with 10γ'+10γ atomic layers (3.54 nm) can be used to simulate the mechanical properties of Ni-base model superalloys. Our calculated elastic constants, bulk modulus, orientation-dependent shear modulus and Young's modulus, as well as the Zener anisotropy factor are all compatible with the measured results of Ni-base model superalloys R1 and the advanced commercial superalloys TMS-26, CMSX-4 at a low temperature. The mechanical properties as a function of the γ' phase volume fraction are calculated by varying the proportion of the γ and γ' phase in the multilayers. Besides, the mechanical properties of two-phase Ni/Ni 3 Al multilayer can be well predicted by the Voigt–Reuss–Hill rule of mixtures. (classical areas of phenomenology)

Automatically pairing measured findings across narrative abdomen CT reports.

Science.gov (United States)

Sevenster, Merlijn; Bozeman, Jeffrey; Cowhy, Andrea; Trost, William

2013-01-01

Radiological measurements are one of the key variables in widely adopted guidelines (WHO, RECIST) that standardize and objectivize response assessment in oncology care. Measurements are typically described in free-text, narrative radiology reports. We present a natural language processing pipeline that extracts measurements from radiology reports and pairs them with extracted measurements from prior reports of the same clinical finding, e.g., lymph node or mass. A ground truth was created by manually pairing measurements in the abdomen CT reports of 50 patients. A Random Forest classifier trained on 15 features achieved superior results in an end-to-end evaluation of the pipeline on the extraction and pairing task: precision 0.910, recall 0.878, F-measure 0.894, AUC 0.988. Representing the narrative content in terms of UMLS concepts did not improve results. Applications of the proposed technology include data mining, advanced search and workflow support for healthcare professionals managing radiological measurements.

Influence of ni thickness on oscillation coupling in Cu/Ni multilayers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gagorowska, B; Dus-Sitek, M [Institute of Physics, Czestochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200 Czestochowa (Poland)

2007-08-15

The results of investigation of magnetic properties of [Cu/Ni]x100 were presented. Samples were deposited by face-to-face sputtering method onto the silicon substrate, the thickness of Cu layer was constant (d{sub Cu} = 2 nm) and the thickness of Ni layer - variable (1 nm {<=} d{sub Ni} {<=} 6 nm). In Cu/Ni multilayers, for the thickness of Ni layer bigger than 2 nm antiferromagnetic coupling (A-F) were observed, for the thickness of Ni smaller than 2 nm A-F coupling is absent.

Influence of ni thickness on oscillation coupling in Cu/Ni multilayers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gagorowska, B; Dus-Sitek, M

2007-01-01

The results of investigation of magnetic properties of [Cu/Ni]x100 were presented. Samples were deposited by face-to-face sputtering method onto the silicon substrate, the thickness of Cu layer was constant (d Cu = 2 nm) and the thickness of Ni layer - variable (1 nm ≤ d Ni ≤ 6 nm). In Cu/Ni multilayers, for the thickness of Ni layer bigger than 2 nm antiferromagnetic coupling (A-F) were observed, for the thickness of Ni smaller than 2 nm A-F coupling is absent

Evaluation of amylase and lipase levels in blunt trauma abdomen patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Subodh Kumar

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Background: There are studies to prove the role of amylase and lipase estimation as a screening diagnostic tool to detect diseases apart from acute pancreatitis. However, there is sparse literature on the role of serum and urine amylase, lipase levels, etc to help predict the specific intra-abdominal injury after blunt trauma abdomen (BTA. Aim: To elucidate the significance of elevation in the levels of amylase and lipase in serum and urine samples as reliable parameters for accurate diagnosis and management of blunt trauma to the abdomen. Materials and Methods: A prospective analysis was done on the trauma patients admitted in Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, AIIMS, with blunt abdomen trauma injuries over a period of six months. Blood and urine samples were collected on days 1, 3, and 5 of admission for the estimation of amylase and lipase, liver function tests, serum bicarbonates, urine routine microscopy for red blood cells, and complete hemogram. Clinical details such as time elapsed from injury to admission, type of injury, trauma score, and hypotension were noted. Patients were divided into groups according to the single or multiple organs injured and according to their hospital outcome (dead/discharged. Wilcoxon′s Rank sum or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare median values in two/three groups. Data analysis was performed using STATA 11.0 statistical software. Results: A total of 55 patients with median age 26 (range, 6-80 years, were enrolled in the study. Of these, 80% were males. Surgery was required for 20% of the patients. Out of 55 patients, 42 had isolated single organ injury [liver or spleen or gastrointestinal tract (GIT or kidney]. Patients with pancreatic injury were excluded. In patients who suffered liver injuries, urine lipase levels on day 1, urine lipase/amylase ratio along with aspartate aminotransferase (AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP on days 1, 3, and 5, were found to

Study of dipole interaction in micron-width NiFe/Cu/NiFe/NiO wire using exchange anisotropy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kimura, Takashi; Itagaki, Yoshio; Wakaya, Fujio; Gamo, Kenji

2001-01-01

The dipole interaction between a NiFe layer pinned by a NiO and a free NiFe layer in a micron-wide NiFe/Cu/NiFe/NiO wire was studied by changing the direction of the exchange bias from the NiO layer. The effect of the dipole interaction when the exchange bias was perpendicular to the wire axis was larger than that when the exchange bias was parallel to the wire axis, and was consistently explained by the stray field caused by the magnetic charges of the pinned layer. It was demonstrated that this method, using exchange anisotropy, is useful for investigating the dipole interaction between ferromagnetic materials separated by a nonmagnetic material in small-scale magnetic multilayers. [copyright] 2001 American Institute of Physics

Comparing Levels of Anxiety During Bed and Shower Baths in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Comparación del nivel de ansiedad entre el baño de aspersión y el realizado en la cama en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio Comparação do nível de ansiedade entre o banho de aspersão e o de leito em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana de Lima Lopes

2010-04-01

Full Text Available This study compared the levels of anxiety presented by patients with acute myocardial infarction in bed and shower baths and the influence of antecedent variables: age, gender, medications, previous hospitalization and/or bed bath, patients' preference regarding the professional's gender, risk factors and anxiety-traits. This crossover study was conducted between February and August 2007 in coronary units. The sample was composed of 71 patients with acute myocardial infarction. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI was applied before the baths (bed and shower baths, immediately after the baths and twenty minutes after the second evaluation. Results revealed that patients were more anxious in the bed bath than in the shower in the three assessments (p Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar los niveles de ansiedad, generados en el baño en la cama y en el de aspersión, en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio, así como la influencia de las variables antecedentes: edad, sexo, medicaciones, internación y/o baño en la cama previo, preferencia del paciente en cuanto al sexo del profesional, factores de riesgo y la ansiedad de trazo. Esta investigación es un estudio cross-over, realizado entre febrero y agosto de 2007, en Unidades Coronarias. La muestra fue constituida por 71 pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio. El instrumento utilizado fue el IDATE-estado, siendo aplicado antes de los baños (cama y aspersión, inmediatamente después de los baños y veinte minutos después de la segunda evaluación. Los resultados mostraron que los pacientes quedaron más ansiosos cuando realizaron su baño en la cama que cuando realizaron el baño de aspersión, en las tres evaluaciones (pEste estudo teve como objetivo comparar os níveis de ansiedade, gerados no banho no leito e naquele de aspersão, em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio, bem como a influência de variáveis antecedentes: idade, sexo, medicações, internação e/ou banho

Atomistic calculations of hydrogen interactions with Ni3Al grain boundaries and Ni/Ni3Al interfaces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baskes, M.I.; Angelo, J.E.; Moody, N.R.

1995-01-01

Embedded Atom Method (EAM) potentials have been developed for the Ni/Al/H system. The potentials have been fit to numerous properties of this system. For example, these potentials represent the structural and elastic properties of bulk Ni, Al, Ni 3 Al, and NiAl quite well. In addition the potentials describe the solution and migration behavior of hydrogen in both nickel and aluminum. A number of calculations using these potentials have been performed. It is found that hydrogen strongly prefers sites in Ni 3 Al that are surrounded by 6 Ni atoms. Calculations of the trapping of hydrogen to a number of grain boundaries in Ni 3 Al have been performed as a function of hydrogen chemical potential at room temperature. The failure of these bicrystals under tensile stress has been examined and will be compared to the failure of pure Ni 3 Al boundaries. Boundaries containing a preponderance of nickel are severely weakened by hydrogen. In order to investigate the potential embrittlement of γ/γ' alloys, trapping of hydrogen to a spherical Ni 3 Al precipate in nickel as a function of chemical potential at room temperature has been calculated. It appears that the boundary is not a strong trap for hydrogen, hence embrittlement in these alloys is not primarily due to interactions of hydrogen with the γ/γ interface

Effects of Ni vacancy, Ni antisite, Cr and Pt on the third-order elastic constants and mechanical properties of NiAl

KAUST Repository

Wu, Shaohua; Wu, Xiaozhi; Wang, Rui; Liu, Qing; Gan, Liyong

2014-01-01

Effects of Ni vacancy, Ni antisite in Al sublattice, Cr in Al sublattice, Pt in Ni sublattice on the second-order elastic constants (SOECs) and third-order elastic constants (TOECs) of the B2 NiAl have been investigated using the first-principles methods. Lattice constant and the SOECs of NiAl are in good agreement with the previous results. The brittle/ductile transition map based on Pugh ratio G/B and Cauchy pressure Pc shows that Ni antisite, Cr, Pt and pressure can improve the ductility of NiAl, respectively. Ni vacancy and lower pressure can enhance the Vickers hardness Hv of NiAl. The density of states (DOS) and the charge density difference are also used to analysis the effects of vacancy, Ni antisite, Cr and Pt on the mechanical properties of NiAl, and the results are in consistent with the transition map. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effects of Ni vacancy, Ni antisite, Cr and Pt on the third-order elastic constants and mechanical properties of NiAl

KAUST Repository

Wu, Shaohua

2014-12-01

Effects of Ni vacancy, Ni antisite in Al sublattice, Cr in Al sublattice, Pt in Ni sublattice on the second-order elastic constants (SOECs) and third-order elastic constants (TOECs) of the B2 NiAl have been investigated using the first-principles methods. Lattice constant and the SOECs of NiAl are in good agreement with the previous results. The brittle/ductile transition map based on Pugh ratio G/B and Cauchy pressure Pc shows that Ni antisite, Cr, Pt and pressure can improve the ductility of NiAl, respectively. Ni vacancy and lower pressure can enhance the Vickers hardness Hv of NiAl. The density of states (DOS) and the charge density difference are also used to analysis the effects of vacancy, Ni antisite, Cr and Pt on the mechanical properties of NiAl, and the results are in consistent with the transition map. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Escore TIMI no infarto agudo do miocárdio conforme níveis de estratificação de prognóstico Score TIMI en el infarto agudo de miocardio según niveles de estratificación de pronóstico TIMI risk score for acute myocardial infarction according to prognostic stratification

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaqueline Locks Pereira

2009-08-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O escore de risco TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction é derivado de ensaio clínico envolvendo pacientes elegíveis para fibrinólise. Como o perfil de risco desses casos difere do encontrado em populações não selecionadas, é importante que se analise a aplicabilidade do escore em condições clínicas habituais. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o manejo e a evolução hospitalar de pacientes internados com infarto agudo do miocárdio conforme estratificação de risco pelo escore TIMI. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados, retrospectivamente, 103 casos de infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST, admitidos no Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, em Tubarão, nos anos de 2004 e 2005. Os casos foram analisados em três grupos de risco de acordo com o escore TIMI. RESULTADOS: A mortalidade hospitalar pós-infarto foi de 17,5%. No grupo de baixo risco não houve óbito. A mortalidade foi de 8,1% no grupo de médio risco e de 55,6% no de alto risco. O risco de morte para casos de alto risco foi 14,1 vezes maior em relação aos casos de médio e baixo risco (IC95% = 4,4 a 44,1 e pFUNDAMENTO: El score de riesgo TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction se derivó de ensayo clínico que implicó a pacientes elegibles para fibrinólisis. Como el perfil de riesgo de esos casos difiere del encontrado en poblaciones no seleccionadas, es importante que se analice la aplicabilidad del score en condiciones clínicas habituales. OBJETIVO: Evaluar el manejo y la evolución hospitalaria de pacientes internados con infarto agudo de miocardio de acuerdo con la estratificación de riesgo mediante la puntuación TIMI. MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron, retrospectivamente, 103 casos de infarto agudo de miocardio con supradesnivelamiento del segmento ST, ingresados en el Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, en Tubarão, en los años de 2004 y 2005. Se analizaron los casos en tres grupos de riesgo según el score TIMI. RESULTADOS: La mortalidad

Identification of Avian and Hemoparasite DNA in Blood-Engorged Abdomens of Culex pipiens (Diptera; Culicidae) from a West Nile Virus Epidemic region in Suburban Chicago, Illinois.

Science.gov (United States)

Boothe, Emily; Medeiros, Matthew C I; Kitron, Uriel D; Brawn, Jeffrey D; Ruiz, Marilyn O; Goldberg, Tony L; Walker, Edward D; Hamer, Gabriel L

2015-05-01

Multiple mosquito-borne parasites cocirculate in nature and potentially interact. To understand the community of parasites cocirculating with West Nile virus (WNV), we screened the bloodmeal content of Culex pipiens L. mosquitoes for three common types of hemoparasites. Blood-fed Cx. pipiens were collected from a WNV-epidemic area in suburban Chicago, IL, from May to September 2005 through 2010. DNA was extracted from dissected abdomens and subject to PCR and direct sequencing to identify the vertebrate host. RNA was extracted from the head or thorax and screened for WNV using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Seventy-nine engorged females with avian host origin were screened using PCR and amplicon sequencing for filarioid nematodes, Haemosporida, and trypanosomatids. Filarioid nematodes were identified in 3.8% of the blooded abdomens, Plasmodium sp. in 8.9%, Haemoproteus in 31.6%, and Trypanosoma sp. in 6.3%. The sequences from these hemoparasite lineages were highly similar to sequences from birds in prior studies in suburban Chicago. Overall, 50.6% of blood-fed Culex pipiens contained hemoparasite DNA in their abdomen, presumably from current or prior bloodmeals. Additionally, we detected hemoparasite DNA in the blooded abdomen of three of 10 Cx. pipiens infected with WNV. © The Authors 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Ni Foam-Ni3 S2 @Ni(OH)2 -Graphene Sandwich Structure Electrode Materials: Facile Synthesis and High Supercapacitor Performance.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xiaobing; Hu, Jiangjiang; Su, Yichang; Hao, Jin; Liu, Fanggang; Han, Shuang; An, Jian; Lian, Jianshe

2017-03-23

A novel Ni foam-Ni 3 S 2 @Ni(OH) 2 -graphene sandwich-structured electrode (NF-NN-G) with high areal mass loading (8.33 mg cm -2 ) has been developed by sulfidation and hydrolysis reactions. The conductivity of Ni 3 S 2 and Ni(OH) 2 were both improved. The upper layer of Ni(OH) 2 , covered with a thin graphene film, is formed in situ from the surface of the lower layer of Ni 3 S 2 , whereas the Ni 3 S 2 grown on Ni foam substrate mainly acts as a rough support bridging the Ni(OH) 2 and Ni foam. The graphene stabilized the Ni(OH) 2 and the electrochemical properties were effectively enhanced. The as-synthesized NF-NN-G-5mg electrode shows a high specific capacitance (2258 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 or 18.81 F cm -2 at 8.33 mA cm -2 ) and an outstanding rate property (1010 F g -1 at 20 Ag -1 or 8.413 F cm -2 at 166.6 mA cm -2 ). This result is around double the capacitance achieved in previous research on Ni 3 S 2 @Ni(OH) 2 /3DGN composites (3DGN=three-dimensional graphene network). In addition, the as-fabricated NF-NN-G-5mg composite electrode has an excellent cycle life with no capacitance loss after 3000 cycles, indicating a potential application as an efficient electrode. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Ablación miocárdica septal transluminal percutánea en pacientes con miocardiopatía hipertrófica septal obstructiva: Resultados agudos y seguimiento a 3 años

OpenAIRE

Llamas-Esperón,Guillermo A.; Loera Pinales,Armando; Sandoval Navarrete,Santiago; Zamora Muciño,Alberto; Ramírez Robledo,Miguel A.; Varela Ortiz,Samuel; Casas Juárez,Ulices; Fuantos Delgado,María de la Luz; Albarrán Domínguez,Javier; Muñoz Sandoval,Rocío; Sandoval Rodríguez,Eufracino; Ruiz Esparza,M. Eugenia

2009-01-01

Objetivo: Reportar los resultados agudos y a largo plazo de la ablación miocárdica septal transluminal percutánea (AMSTP) como tratamiento de la miocardiopatía hipertrófica septal obstructiva (MHSO). La AMSTP se considera una alternativa del tratamiento quirúrgico en pacientes con MHSO y sintomatología refractaria a otras opciones de tratamiento. La respuesta aguda suele ser satisfactoria, pero los resultados a largo plazo no se han descrito de forma suficiente. Métodos: Realizamos AMSTP en 8...

Hiperglucemia en el síndrome coronario agudo: informe científico multidisciplinario Hyperglycemia in acute coronary syndrome: multidisciplinary scientific report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patricia Blanco

2012-04-01

Full Text Available La hiperglucemia con o sin diabetes preexistente es un hallazgo frecuente en pacientes que cursan un síndrome coronario agudo. Estudios previos han demostrado que la hiperglucemia es altamente prevalente y se asocia a un mayor riesgo de muerte y complicaciones hospitalarias. Los mecanismos fisiopatológicos mediante los cuales la hiperglucemia provoca resultados adversos no son claros, y se desconoce si es un marcador de eventos o su causa. Los efectos perjudiciales de la hiperglucemia en el sistema cardiovascular son múltiples, y el control de los niveles de glucosa con insulina parece mejorar el pronóstico en estos pacientes. Se han desarrollado numerosos protocolos para el control de glucemia que demostraron ser seguros y efectivos. En una iniciativa originada en el Consejo de Emergencias de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología, se convocó a expertos de nuestro medio con el propósito de debatir estrategias para el control de la glucemia en pacientes que cursan un síndrome coronario agudo. Este documento refleja lo discutido en este evento académico con la intención de resumir los principales aspectos del control de la glucemia y ofrecer recomendaciones generales de tratamiento en la Unidad Coronaria.Hyperglycemia with or without pre-existing diabetes mellitus, occurs frequently in the setting of acute coronary syndrome. Previous studies have demonstrated that hyperglycemia is highly prevalent and is associated with an increased risk of hospital complications and death. The underlying pathophysiology related an adverse clinical outcome to hyperglycemia is unclear, and it is uncertain whether increased serum glucose is simply a marker of adverse outcomes or their cause. Detrimental effects of hyperglycemia on the cardiovascular system are multiple. Glycemia control with insulin would prevent adverse outcomes. Numerous glucose-control protocols have been developed and tested proving to be safe and effective. In an initiative from the

Relation between shape of Ni-particles and Ni migration in Ni-YSZ electrodes – a hypothesis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mogensen, Mogens Bjerg; Hauch, Anne; Sun, Xiufu

2016-01-01

This is an attempt to explain a phenomenon of total depletion of Ni next to the electrolyte in Ni-YSZ cermet electrodes in solid oxide electrolysis cells during electrolysis at high current density/overpotential. Intuitively, we would think that Ni would always migrate down the steam partial...

Magnetoresistance of nanogranular Ni/NiO controlled by exchange anisotropy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Del Bianco, L.; Spizzo, F.; Tamisari, M.; Allia, P.

2013-01-01

A link between exchange anisotropy and magnetoresistance has been found to occur in a Ni/NiO sample consisting of Ni nanocrystallites (mean size ∼13 nm, Ni content ∼33 vol%) dispersed in a NiO matrix. This material shows metallic-type electric conduction and isotropic spin-dependent magnetoresistance as well as exchange bias effect. The latter is the outcome of an exchange anisotropy arising from the contact interaction between the Ni phase and the NiO matrix. Combined analysis of magnetization M(H) and magnetoresistance MR(H) loops measured in the 5–250 K temperature range after zero-field-cooling (ZFC) and after field-cooling (FC) from 300 K reveals that the magnetoresistance is influenced by exchange anisotropy, which is triggered by the FC process and can be modified in strength by varying the temperature. Compared to the ZFC case, the exchange anisotropy produces a horizontal shift of the FC MR(H) loop along with a reduction of the MR response associated to the reorientation of the Ni moments. A strict connection between magnetoresistance and remanent magnetization of FC loops on one side and the exchange field on the other, ruled by exchange anisotropy, is indicated. - Highlights: • Nanogranular Ni/NiO with giant magnetoresistance (MR) and exchange bias effect. • Exchange anisotropy produces a shift of the field-cooled MR(H) loop and reduces MR. • MR, remanence of field-cooled loops and exchange field are three correlated quantities. • It is possible to control MR of nanogranular systems through the exchange anisotropy

Efeito agudo do método de facilitação neuromuscular proprioceptiva na flexibilidade de bailarinas

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Giane Andreia Souza Siqueira

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Verificar a resposta aguda do método de Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva (FNP na flexibilidade e a influência das variáveis idade, peso, estatura em praticantes de Ballet Clássico. Método: A amostra foi composta por 11 bailarinas, com média de idade de 10,91 ± 0,79 anos praticantes regularmente de Ballet clássico duas vezes por semana com no mínimo de 5 anos de experiência. Foi utilizado o método de FNP nas bailarinas. Para avaliação da flexibilidade foi utilizado o Banco de Wells. Para analise estatística utilizou o teste de “t” de Student para amostras dependentes e análise de regressão Stepwise Forward com p≤0,05. Resultado:A diferença média de amplitude de movimento foi 4,81 ± 1,99 cm. Já a variável estatura demonstrou-se influenciar significativamente na flexibilidade. O método FNP demonstrou efeito agudo significativo na flexão de quadril em bailarinas.

Niños y niñas como cuidadores familiares

OpenAIRE

María Rosa Estupiñán Aponte

2015-01-01

En el contexto familiar, el cuidado de otra persona por parte de niños y niñas constituye un terreno inexplorado tanto en su significado como en las implicaciones que podrían darse en el proceso. Aunque históricamente se ha asignado el cuidado familiar a las mujeres generando condiciones de inequidad, incrementada con los cambios sociales de los últimos tiempos, es necesario reconocer que en muchos hogares niños y niñas se han visto obligados a desempeñar esta labor sin la preparación ni las ...

Nanoscale structural heterogeneity in Ni-rich half-Heusler TiNiSn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Douglas, Jason E.; Pollock, Tresa M.; Chater, Philip A.; Brown, Craig M.; Seshadri, Ram

2014-01-01

The structural implications of excess Ni in the TiNiSn half-Heusler compound are examined through a combination of synchrotron x-ray and neutron scattering studies, in conjunction with first principles density functional theory calculations on supercells. Despite the phase diagram suggesting that TiNiSn is a line compound with no solid solution, for small x in TiNi 1+x Sn there is indeed an appearance—from careful analysis of the scattering—of some solubility, with the excess Ni occupying the interstitial tetrahedral site in the half-Heusler structure. The analysis performed here would point to the excess Ni not being statistically distributed, but rather occurring as coherent nanoclusters. First principles calculations of energetics, carried out using supercells, support a scenario of Ni interstitials clustering, rather than a statistical distribution.

Comparison of CT and anatomic pathological findings of the abdomen in HIV infection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tosch, U.; Witt, H.; Jautzke, G.; Ruf, B.

1990-01-01

In a retrospective study the results of abdominal computed tomography (CT) from 48 patients, who died of the complications of HIV infection, were compared with those obtained at autopsy. The CT diagnosis was confirmed at autopsy in 39 cases (81.3%). In nine patients CT results did not correlate with the postmortal findings. This was caused by lack of cooperation, cachexia and the time between the last CT study and the death of the patients. Nevertheless, CT with its standardised imaging planes is an important method for diagnosing and monitoring HIV-related diseases of the abdomen. (orig.) [de

Synthesis and electrochemical behavior of nanostructured cauliflower-shape Co-Ni/Co-Ni oxides composites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gupta, Vinay; Kawaguchi, Toshikazu; Miura, Norio

2009-01-01

Nanostructured Co-Ni/Co-Ni oxides were electrochemically deposited onto stainless steel electrode by electrochemical method and characterized for their structural and supercapacitive properties. The SEM images indicated that the obtained Co-Ni/Co-Ni oxides had cauliflower-type nanostructure. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed the formation of Co 3 O 4 , NiO, Co and Ni. The EDX elemental mapping images indicated that Ni, Co and O are distributed uniformly. The deposited Co-Ni/Co-Ni oxides showed good supercapacitive characteristics with a specific capacitance of 331 F/g at 1 mA/cm 2 current density in 1 M KOH electrolyte. A mechanism of the formation of cauliflower-shape Co-Ni/Co-Ni oxides was proposed. A variety of promising applications in the fields such as energy storage devices and sensors can be envisioned from Co-Ni/Co-Ni oxides

Interfacial reaction of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} intermetallic compound in Ni/SnAg solder/Ni system under thermomigration

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Yi-Shan; Yang, Chia-Jung; Ouyang, Fan-Yi, E-mail: fyouyang@ess.nthu.edu.tw

2016-07-25

The growth of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} intermetallic compound (IMC) between liquid–solid interface in micro-scale Ni/SnAg/Ni system was investigated under a temperature gradient of 160 °C/cm at 260 °C on a hot plate. In contrast to a symmetrical growth of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} on both interfaces under isothermally annealed at 260 °C, the interfacial Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} IMC exhibited asymmetric growth under a temperature gradient; the growth of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} at cold interface was faster than that at hot side because of temperature gradient induced mass migration of Ni atoms from the hot end toward the cold end. It was found that two-stage growth behavior of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} IMC under a temperature gradient. A growth model was established and growth kinetic analysis suggested that the chemical potential gradient controlled the growth of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} at stage I (0–120 min) whereas the dynamic equilibrium between chemical potential gradient and temperature gradient forces was attained at the hot end at stage II (120–210 min). When dynamic equilibrium was achieved at 260 °C, the critical length-temperature gradient product at the hot end was experimentally estimated to be 489.18 μm × °C/cm and the moving velocity of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} interface due to Ni consumption was calculated to be 0.134 μm/h. The molar heat of transport (Q*) of Ni atoms in molten SnAg solder was calculated to be +0.76 kJ/mol. - Highlights: • Interfacial reaction in Ni/SnAg solder/Ni system under thermal gradient. • Growth rate of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} at cold end is faster than that at hot end. • Critical length-temperature gradient product at hot end is 489.2 μm°C/cm at 260 °C. • Velocity of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} moving interface is 0.134 μm/h during dynamic equilibrium. • Molar heat of transport (Q*) of Ni in molten SnAg was +0.76 kJ/mol.

Características clínicas, angiográficas y desenlaces clínicos en adultos mayores de 65 años con síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del segmento ST

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James Díaz

2017-09-01

Discusión: Los pacientes de edad mayor con síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del ST tienen características similares a las reportadas en publicaciones de otras latitudes. Sin embargo, a diferencia de lo reportado en la literatura internacional no se logró demostrar que la edad mayor a 65 años constituya un factor de riesgo independiente para desenlaces clínicos adversos en esta población.

Formation enthalpy of NiBe and Ni5Be21

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, M.I.; Karpova, T.F.; Dalago, N.Yu.

1981-01-01

The method of dissolution calorimetry is used to determine standard enthalpies of NiBe and Ni 5 Be 21 formation, which are 84.8+-2.2 and (-669+-37)kJ/mol. The enthalpy values of NiBe and Ni 5 Be 21 at 331 K are shown to coincide (within the limits of errors of these values) with the values at the standard temperature of 298.15 K [ru

SU-E-P-08: Establishment of Local Diagnostic Reference Levels of Routine Abdomen Exam in Computed Tomography According to Body Weight

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, H; Wang, Y; Weng, H

2015-01-01

Purpose: The national diagnostic reference levels (NDRLs) is an efficient, concise and powerful standard for optimizing radiation protection of a patient. However, for each hospital the dose-reducing potential of focusing on establishment of local DRLs (LDRLs). A lot of study reported that Computed tomography exam contributed majority radiation dose in different medical modalities, therefore, routine abdomen CT exam was choose in initial pilot study in our study. Besides the mAs of routine abdomen CT exam was decided automatic exposure control by linear attenuation is relate to body shape of patient. In this study we would like to establish the local diagnostic reference levels of routine abdomen exam in computed tomography according to body weight of patient. Methods and Materials: There are two clinical CT scanners (a Toshiba Aquilion and a Siemens Sensation) were performed in this study. For CT examinations the basic recommended dosimetric quantity is the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI). The patient sample involved 82 adult patients of both sexes and divided into three groups by their body weight (50–60 kg, 60–70 kg, 70–80 kg).Carried out the routine abdomen examinations, and all exposure parameters have been collected and the corresponding CTDIv and DLP values have been determined. The average values were compared with the European DRLs. Results: The majority of patients (75%) were between 50–70 Kg of body weight, the numbers of patient in each group of weight were 40–50:7; 50–60:29; 60–70:33; 70–80:13. The LDRLs in each group were 10.81mGy, 14.46mGy, 20.27mGy and 21.04mGy, respectively. The DLP were 477mGy, 630mGy, 887mGy and 959mGy, respectively. No matter which group the LDRLs were lower than European DRLs. Conclusions: We would like to state that this was a pioneer work in local hospital in Chiayi. We hope that this may lead the way to further developments in Taiwan

SU-E-P-08: Establishment of Local Diagnostic Reference Levels of Routine Abdomen Exam in Computed Tomography According to Body Weight

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, H; Wang, Y; Weng, H [Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital of The C.G.M.F, Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan (China)

2015-06-15

Purpose: The national diagnostic reference levels (NDRLs) is an efficient, concise and powerful standard for optimizing radiation protection of a patient. However, for each hospital the dose-reducing potential of focusing on establishment of local DRLs (LDRLs). A lot of study reported that Computed tomography exam contributed majority radiation dose in different medical modalities, therefore, routine abdomen CT exam was choose in initial pilot study in our study. Besides the mAs of routine abdomen CT exam was decided automatic exposure control by linear attenuation is relate to body shape of patient. In this study we would like to establish the local diagnostic reference levels of routine abdomen exam in computed tomography according to body weight of patient. Methods and Materials: There are two clinical CT scanners (a Toshiba Aquilion and a Siemens Sensation) were performed in this study. For CT examinations the basic recommended dosimetric quantity is the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI). The patient sample involved 82 adult patients of both sexes and divided into three groups by their body weight (50–60 kg, 60–70 kg, 70–80 kg).Carried out the routine abdomen examinations, and all exposure parameters have been collected and the corresponding CTDIv and DLP values have been determined. The average values were compared with the European DRLs. Results: The majority of patients (75%) were between 50–70 Kg of body weight, the numbers of patient in each group of weight were 40–50:7; 50–60:29; 60–70:33; 70–80:13. The LDRLs in each group were 10.81mGy, 14.46mGy, 20.27mGy and 21.04mGy, respectively. The DLP were 477mGy, 630mGy, 887mGy and 959mGy, respectively. No matter which group the LDRLs were lower than European DRLs. Conclusions: We would like to state that this was a pioneer work in local hospital in Chiayi. We hope that this may lead the way to further developments in Taiwan.

Vivendo o acidente vascular encefálico agudo: significados da doença para pessoas hospitalizadas

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Samia Jardelle Costa de Freitas Maniva

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se compreender o significado da experiência vivenciada pela pessoa adoecida por acidente vascular encefálico agudo. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, fundamentado nos pressupostos teóricos do interacionismo simbólico, realizado em uma unidade especializada no tratamento de acidente vascular encefálico de um hospital terciário, situado na cidade de Fortaleza, CE. Participaram do estudo 10 pacientes. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista aberta e os dados foram organizados e analisados segundo a técnica de enunciação. Cumpriram-se todos os aspectos éticos. O significado da experiência de adoecimento foi construído com base na percepção dos sentimentos surgidos durante a hospitalização, caracterizados por medo da morte e das sequelas da doença; tristeza pelo distanciamento do lar; alívio, ao evidenciar-se melhora do quadro clínico, e desejo de mudança dos hábitos de vida. Apreendeu-se que a experiência de adoecimento por acidente vascular encefálico é complexa, e nela os significados são elaborados com base em sentimentos, ações e comportamentos dos sujeitos.

Vivendo o acidente vascular encefálico agudo: significados da doença para pessoas hospitalizadas

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Samia Jardelle Costa de Freitas Maniva

Full Text Available Objetivou-se compreender o significado da experiência vivenciada pela pessoa adoecida por acidente vascular encefálico agudo. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, fundamentado nos pressupostos teóricos do interacionismo simbólico, realizado em uma unidade especializada no tratamento de acidente vascular encefálico de um hospital terciário, situado na cidade de Fortaleza, CE. Participaram do estudo 10 pacientes. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista aberta e os dados foram organizados e analisados segundo a técnica de enunciação. Cumpriram-se todos os aspectos éticos. O significado da experiência de adoecimento foi construído com base na percepção dos sentimentos surgidos durante a hospitalização, caracterizados por medo da morte e das sequelas da doença; tristeza pelo distanciamento do lar; alívio, ao evidenciar-se melhora do quadro clínico, e desejo de mudança dos hábitos de vida. Apreendeu-se que a experiência de adoecimento por acidente vascular encefálico é complexa, e nela os significados são elaborados com base em sentimentos, ações e comportamentos dos sujeitos.

Variación del perfil lipídico durante los primeros días de la internación en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo

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Daniel Siniawski

2010-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMENIntroducciónExisten controversias sobre las variaciones temporales en los niveles lipídicos luego de unsíndrome coronario agudo (SCA. En nuestro país, la información sobre las característicasdel perfil lipídico basal y la variabilidad de sus componentes luego de un SCA es limitada yno incluye la medición directa de C-LDL ni de apolipoproteínas.Objetivos1 Analizar las variaciones en los niveles de lipoproteínas y apolipoproteínas en un grupo depacientes internados por SCA y 2 describir el perfil lipídico basal y compararlo con el deuna población saludable.Material y métodosSe midieron los niveles plasmáticos de colesterol total (CT, triglicéridos, C-LDL, C-HDL,ApoB y ApoA al ingreso, a las 18 h y a las 42 h en pacientes internados por SCA. Ningúnpaciente recibía fármacos hipolipemiantes ni fue tratado con ellos durante las primeras 48h de la internación.ResultadosSe incluyeron 31 pacientes (edad media 61 años, 87% hombres, IAM con onda Q 51%, IAMno Q 19% y angina inestable 30%. Las concentraciones de CT, C-noHDL y C-LDL se redujeronsignificativamente durante la internación (media ± desviación estándar de la admisión,18 h y 42 h, valor de p: CT (218 ± 53, 206 ± 40 y 194 ± 41; p = 0,005, C-noHDL (180± 54, 169,8 ± 40 y 157,6 ± 39; p = 0,01, C-LDL (136 ± 30, 134 ± 33 y 127 ± 37; p = 0,01.Los niveles de ApoB y de C-HDL no variaron en forma significativa. El nivel basal de ApoAcorrespondió al percentil 5 de una población saludable y se observó un descenso precoz ysignificativo durante la internación (115 ± 21, 108 ± 18 y 106 ± 3; p = 0,01.ConclusionesLa admisión es el momento más adecuado para evaluar el perfil lipídico basal del pacientecon SCA. Los niveles de ApoB se mantuvieron estables y podrían utilizarse como alternativapara seleccionar la estrategia terapéutica. El transporte reverso del colesterol estabaafectado en más del 50% de la población.REV ARGENT CARDIOL 2010;78:238-244.

Ovarian vein thrombosis mimicking acute abdomen: a case report and literature review

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Arkadopoulos Nikolaos

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT is a rare, but serious condition that affects mostly postpartum women. A high index of suspicion is required in order to diagnose this unusual cause of abdominal pain. Case presentation A 19-year-old woman at three days postpartum was admitted to our hospital because of severe right lower quandrant abdominal pain and fever 38.5'C. Physical examination revealed an acutely ill patient and right lower quadrant tenderness with positive rebound and Giordano signs. The patient underwent appendectomy which proved to be negative for acute appendicitis. Postoperatively fever and pain persisted and abdominal CT-scan with intravenous contrast agent demonstrated a thrombosed right ovarian vein. The patient was initiated on low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH and antibiotic treatment and a month later a new abdominal CT-scan showed a patent right ovarian vein. Discussion Pathophysiologically, OVT is explained by Virchow's triad, because pregnancy is associated with a hypercoagulable state, venous stasis due to compression of the inferior vena cava by the uterus and endothelial trauma during delivery or from local inflammation. Common symptoms and signs of OVT include lower abdomen or flank pain, fever and leukocytosis usually within the first ten days after delivery. The reported incidence of OVT ranges 0,05-0,18% of pregnancies and in most cases the right ovarian vein is the one affected. Anticoagulation and antibiotics is the mainstay of treatment of OVT. Complications of OVT include sepsis, extension of the thrombus to the inferior vena cava and renal veins, and pulmonary embolism. The incidence of pulmonary embolism is reported to be 13.2% and represents the main source of mortality due to OVT. Conclusions OVT is a rare condition, usually in the postpartum period. A high index of suspicion is required for the prompt diagnosis and management especially in cases that mimic acute abdomen.

A STUDY OF POST-SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS IN ACUTE ABDOMEN CONDITIONS

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Bhooma Reddy Muthyala

2016-09-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND The most common causes of the acute abdomen are acute appendicitis which may be perforated, typhoid ileal perforation, acute intestinal obstruction, gastroduodenal perforations, nonspecific abdominal pain, abdominal injuries, and acute cholecystitis. A summary of all the acute complications taken together will be the fact that all are associated with post-surgical complications. A sincere effort has been made to study the post-operative complications that a surgeon encounters while treating the acute abdomen cases. This study is intended to help the practising surgeons who deal with such complications. It also is intended to help the doctors who practice to identify such complications and thus refer the patients for immediate intervention. METHODS This study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College, Nizamabad, Telangana. This study was done from June 2013 to May 2016. One hundred sixty patients who were admitted in the hospital after surgery for acute abdominal conditions were considered for the study. Thorough clinical examination was conducted and the complications that were encountered were noted and the complications were treated as per the need of the hour. The complications faced by the treating surgeon in each and every entity that was discussed earlier was duly noted and statistical analysis was conducted. All the statistical analysis was done using the latest SPSS software 2015 (California. RESULT In our study, the mean age of the study population was found to be 29.8 years. That means the majority of the patients who turn up in the Department of Emergency is young and generally in the third decade of life. In Acute Intestinal Obstruction and blunt abdominal injuries, significance of mortality is high (p<0.05. CONCLUSION The study was successful in proving that abdominal injuries are the main factors of causing morbidity and mortality in the younger generation. The surgical mode of

Critique of Sew it Up! A Western Trauma Association Multi-Institutional Study of Enteric Injury Management in the Postinjury Open Abdomen

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Nuri Abdurraheim

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Background: Use of damage control surgery techniques has reduced mortality in critically injured patients but at the cost of the open abdomen. With the option of delayed definitive management of enteric injuries, the question of intestinal repair/anastomosis or definitive stoma creation has been posed with no clear consensus. The purpose of this study was to determine outcomes on the basis of management of enteric injuries in patients relegated to the postinjury open abdomen.Methods: Patients requiring an open abdomen after trauma from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2007 were reviewed. Type of bowel repair was categorized as immediate repair, immediate anastomosis, delayed anastomosis, stoma and a combination. Logistic regression was used to determine independent effect of risk factors on leak development.Results: During the 6-year study period, 204 patients suffered enteric injuries and were managed with an open abdomen. The majority was men (77% sustaining blunt trauma (66% with a mean age of 37.1 years±1.2 years and median Injury Severity Score of 27 (interquartile range=20-41. Injury patterns included 81 (40% small bowel, 37 (18% colonic, and 86 (42% combined injuries. Enteric injuries were managed with immediate repair (58, immediate anastomosis (15, delayed anastomosis (96, stoma (10, and a combination (22; three patients died before definitive repair. Sixty-one patients suffered intra-abdominal complications: 35 (17% abscesses, 15 (7% leaks, and 11 (5% enterocutaneous fistulas. The majority of patients with leaks had a delayed anastomosis; one patient had a right colon repair. Leak rate increased as one progresses toward the left colon (small bowel anastomoses, 3% leak rate; right colon, 3%; transverse colon, 20%; left colon, 45%. There were no differences in emergency department physiology, injury severity, transfusions, crystalloids, or demographic characteristics between patients with and without leak. Leak cases had higher 12-hour

Ni4Ti3 precipitate structures in Ni-rich NiTi shape memory alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holec, D.; Bojda, O.; Dlouhy, A.

2008-01-01

Non-uniform distributions of Ni 4 Ti 3 precipitate crystallographic variants are investigated in a Ni-rich NiTi shape memory alloy after aging, assisted by external stress. A finite-element method model is presented that considers the elastic anisotropy of the B2 parent phase and also mutual misorientations of grains in a polycrystalline sample. On loading by the external stress, the stress is redistributed in the microstructure and the precipitation of some Ni 4 Ti 3 crystallographic variants becomes distinctly favorable in grain boundary regions since these variant configurations minimize the elastic interaction energy. The volume fraction of the affected grain boundary regions is calculated and the numerical results are compared with the data obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy

Demoras en la realización de la angioplastia primaria en los pacientes trasladados con infarto agudo de miocardio: un problema médico-asistencial

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Rodrigo Blanco

2009-01-01

Full Text Available IntroducciónEn el infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM está comprobado que cuanto más tempranamente se realice la reperfusión, mejores serán sus resultados a corto y a largo plazos, por lo que el tiempo entre el inicio de los síntomas y la reperfusión coronaria es un elemento de gran importancia en la estrategia de su tratamiento. Este lapso se encuentra conformado por dos períodos: “tiempo paciente” y “tiempo médico-asistencial”. En la angioplastia primaria, el análisis de estos tiempos y sus intervalos es el paso obligado para lograr una reducción de la demora a la reperfusión.ObjetivosAnalizar los tiempos en cada etapa del proceso traslado-realización de una angioplastia, ya sea primaria o de rescate, en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IAMEST que debieron ser trasladados desde un hospital derivador a un centro de referencia en el ámbito de la ciudad de Buenos Aires para someterse al procedimiento, como primer paso para un programa de optimización de los tiempos.Material y métodosEstudio prospectivo, observacional, de pacientes derivados al Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Cosme Argerich” con diagnóstico de IAMEST e indicación de ATC. Se analizaron los tiempos parciales desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta la reperfusión coronaria, para lo cual se consideró “tiempo paciente” desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta la llegada al hospital derivador y “tiempo médico-asistencial” al comprendido entre la llegada al hospital derivador y la insuflación del balón.ResultadosSe incluyeron 313 pacientes, 225 (72% con angioplastia primaria (ATCP y 88 (28% con angioplastia de rescate (ATCR. Las medianas (cuartiles de tiempo en ATCP fueron: tiempo paciente: 90’ (40-240, llegada al hospital derivador-llamada al Equipo de Hemodinamia Cardiovascular de Urgencia (EHCU: 80’ (35-150, llamada EHCU-ingreso hemodinamia: 75’ (55-100, ingreso hemodinamia-balón: 35’ (23-52, tiempo m

Core/shell AgNi/PtAgNi nanoparticles as methanol-tolerant oxygen reduction electrocatalysts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, Dengfeng; Cheng, Daojian

2015-01-01

A core/shell AgNi/PtAgNi nanoparticle (NP) was synthesized via a new seed-mediated growth method in organic solvent medium. The as-synthesized AgNi/PtAgNiNP exhibits an AgNi core coated with PtAgNi shell, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The AgNi/PtAgNiNPs/C catalyst possesses higher oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and better durability compared with the commercial Pt/C catalyst. It is found that the ORR polarization curve of the AgNi/PtAgNiNPs/C catalyst shows an onset potential of 0.91 V vs. RHE, which is superior to the commercial Pt/C (0.88 V vs. RHE). In addition, the AgNi/PtAgNiNPs/C catalyst shows much better durability than the commercial Pt/C catalyst. More interestingly, the AgNi/PtAgNiNPs/C catalyst displays much higher methanol tolerance than the commercial Pt/C catalyst in 0.1 M KOH solution in the presence of 0.5 M methanol. Our results show that core/shell AgNi/PtAgNiNPs possess selective activity for ORR even in the presence of methanol, showing potential application as methanol-tolerant cathode catalysts in direct methanol fuel cells.

Effects of Ni particle morphology on cell performance of Na/NiCl2 battery

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Mangi; Ahn, Cheol-Woo; Hahn, Byung-Dong; Jung, Keeyoung; Park, Yoon-Cheol; Cho, Nam-ung; Lee, Heesoo; Choi, Joon-Hwan

2017-11-01

Electrochemical reaction of Ni particle, one of active cathode materials in the Na/NiCl2 battery, occurs on the particle surface. The NiCl2 layer formed on the Ni particle surface during charging can disconnect the electron conduction path through Ni particles because the NiCl2 layer has very low conductivity. The morphology and size of Ni particles, therefore, need to be controlled to obtain high charge capacity and excellent cyclic retention. Effects of the Ni particle size on the cell performance were investigated using spherical Ni particles with diameters of 0.5 μm, 6 μm, and 50 μm. The charge capacities of the cells with spherical Ni particles increased when the Ni particle size becomes smaller because of their higher surface area but their charge capacities were significantly decreased with increasing cyclic tests owing to the disconnection of electron conduction path. The inferior cyclic retention of charge capacity was improved using reticular Ni particles which maintained the reliable connection for the electron conduction in the Na/NiCl2 battery. The charge capacity of the cell with the reticular Ni particles was higher than the cell with the small-sized spherical Ni particles approximately by 26% at 30th cycle.

One dimensional motion of interstitial clusters and void growth in Ni and Ni alloys

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Yoshiie, T.; Ishizaki, T.; Xu, Q.; Satoh, Y.; Kiritani, M.

2002-12-01

One dimensional (1-D) motion of interstitial clusters is important for the microstructural evolution in metals. In this paper, the effect of 2 at.% alloying with elements Si (volume size factor to Ni: -5.81%), Cu (7.18%), Ge (14.76%) and Sn (74.08%) in Ni on 1-D motion of interstitial clusters and void growth was studied. In neutron irradiated pure Ni, Ni-Cu and Ni-Ge, well developed dislocation networks and voids in the matrix, and no defects near grain boundaries were observed at 573 K to a dose of 0.4 dpa by transmission electron microscopy. No voids were formed and only interstitial type dislocation loops were observed near grain boundaries in Ni-Si and Ni-Sn. The reaction kinetics analysis which included the point defect flow into planar sink revealed the existence of 1-D motion of interstitial clusters in Ni, Ni-Cu and Ni-Ge, and lack of such motion in Ni-Si and Ni-Sn. In Ni-Sn and Ni-Si, the alloying elements will trap interstitial clusters and thereby reduce the cluster mobility, which lead to the reduction in void growth.

VALIDITY OF PARACENTESIS IN DIAGNOSING BLUNT TRAUMA ABDOMEN

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Fahad Bin Abdul Majeed

2017-03-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Blunt abdominal trauma is a common case that comes to an emergency department and it is the most easily missed diagnosis resulting in catastrophic consequences. Delay in diagnosing a case is due to the nonspecific character of the symptoms with which it presents. Clinical signs that could be elicited in blunt trauma abdomen are equally nonspecific. Thus, to avoid delay and save the life of the patient, a doctor has to depend on various investigations to rule out blunt trauma abdomen. The modalities which help include paracentesis, diagnostic peritoneal lavage, Focused Abdominal Sonography for Trauma (FAST and ContrastEnhanced Computed Tomography (CECT. To choose the right investigation for the right patient helps in saving precious lives. Validity of each investigation, availability, condition of the patient are the main points to look into before deciding on the right investigative modality. Paracentesis is the simplest investigation that could be done in emergency department and also at the site of accident to triage the patient. Paracentesis has low sensitivity to detect blunt trauma. FAST is a better investigation with higher validity rates than paracentesis. This study aims to validate paracentesis, which is the simplest and commonest investigation used to identify blunt abdominal trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 106 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed up by detailed history, clinical examination, paracentesis and FAST to identify blunt abdominal trauma and then compared with a gold standard investigation, which was assigned as CECT for haemodynamically stable patients and laparotomy for haemodynamically unstable patients. Commonest organs injured in blunt trauma and their management was noted. Patients were followed up till discharge or death. Subsequently, the data were compiled using excel sheet and evaluated using tables and charts. RESULTS Paracentesis is found to have a

Study of the central collisions in the reactions Ni + Al and Ni + Ni at 28 A.MeV; Etude des collisions centrales dans les reactions Ni + Al et Ni + Ni a 28 A.MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lebreton, L.

1995-12-01

The work is in characterisation of mechanisms in the energy range of onset of multifragmentation (excitation energy of composed nucleus around 4 - 5 AMeV). This work focused on an experiment performed at the SARA facility, in Grenoble, using the AMPHORA multi detection array. I have been particularly interested in central collisions in the Ni + Al and Ni + Ni systems. The possibility to detect complete events for Ni + Al, and quasi-complete events for the Ni + Ni case, is the reason of this choice. Furthermore Ni + Ni presents the interest of a symmetrical system, for which the excitation energy per nucleon is maximum. The study of these reactions has been focused on the quasi-complete events (events for which at least 80 % of the total charge has been detected). Heavy ions produced in peripheral collisions are very likely emitted along the beam line or stopped in the plastic detectors, energy thresholds are too high for the quasi-target products detection, consequently by requiring complete or quasi-complete measurement of the total charge, we are able to detect mostly central events. The knowledge of informations like charge, energy or detection angles allows to isolate the source(s) and to reconstruct the size and the excitation energy of the source(s). Comparisons with simulations like sequential emission (GEMINI code), very deep inelastic collision or instantaneous emission (Berliner code) allows to characterise the first stage of the collision (binary collisions or central collisions) and the type of deexcitation of the source(s). Some calculations was also performed with the statistical model code MODGAN. Indeed azimuthal correlations seem to be a good tool in getting more information about involved reaction mechanisms. Comparisons with MODGAN provide information about angular momentum of the source and time delay between emissions of the two particles (separation between sequential or instantaneous process). (author). 69 refs.

Meckel's Diverticulitis as a Cause of an Acute Abdomen in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy: Laparoscopic Management.

Science.gov (United States)

Pandeva, Ivilina; Kumar, Sumit; Alvi, Atif; Nosib, Hema

2015-01-01

Introduction. Meckel's diverticulitis is an extremely rare cause of an acute abdomen in pregnancy. Its clinical presentation tends to be rather unusual and therefore commonly delaying diagnosis. The surgical method of exploration can be either by laparoscopy or through an open incision. Case Report. We report a case of a 34-year-old, P1 with previous Caesarean section, who presented at 20 weeks with worsening right-sided abdominal pain, distention, and peritonism. Ultrasound scan showed an area of a possibly thickened loop of bowel inconsistent with an appendicitis. The findings at laparoscopy were purulent fluid in the pelvis, a congested appendix, and inflamed Meckel's diverticulum. An appendectomy and excision of the diverticulum was performed using stapler technique. Discussion. Meckel's diverticulitis in pregnancy can have nonspecific presentation and poses difficulties for preoperative diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis and management poses significant maternal and fetal risks. The use of laparoscopy if the gestational age and uterine size permit its use allows a thorough exploration of the abdominal cavity and management of rarer and unexpected pathology. Laparoscopic management of acute abdomen in the midtrimester of pregnancy has been found to be safe and effective.

Ni/boride interfaces and environmental embrittlement in Ni-based superalloys: A first-principles study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanyal, Suchismita; Waghmare, Umesh V.; Hanlon, Timothy; Hall, Ernest L.

2011-01-01

Highlights: ► Fracture strengths of Ni/boride interfaces through first-principles calculations. ► Fracture strengths of Ni/boride interfaces are higher than Ni/Ni 3 Al and NiΣ5 grain boundaries. ► Ni/boride interfaces have higher resistance to O-embrittlement than Ni/Ni 3 Al and NiΣ5 grain boundaries. ► CrMo-borides are more effective than Cr-borides in resisting O-embrittlement. ► Electronegativity differences between alloying elements correlate with fracture strengths. - Abstract: Motivated by the vital role played by boride precipitates in Ni-based superalloys in improving mechanical properties such as creep rupture strength, fatigue crack growth rates and improved resistance towards environmental embrittlement , we estimate fracture strength of Ni/boride interfaces through determination of their work of separation using first-principles simulations. We find that the fracture strength of Ni/boride interfaces is higher than that of other commonly occurring interfaces in Ni-alloys, such as Ni Σ-5 grain boundaries and coherent Ni/Ni 3 Al interfaces, and is less susceptible to oxygen-induced embrittlement. Our calculations show how the presence of Mo in Ni/M 5 B 3 (M = Cr, Mo) interfaces leads to additional reduction in oxygen-induced embrittlement. Through Electron-Localization-Function based analyses, we identify the electronic origins of effects of alloying elements on fracture strengths of these interfaces and observe that chemical interactions stemming from electronegativity differences between different atomic species are responsible for the trends in calculated strengths. Our findings should be useful towards designing Ni-based alloys with higher interfacial strengths and reduced oxygen-induced embrittlement.

Corrosion Resistance Of Electroless Ni-P/Cu/Ni-P Multilayer Coatings

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Zhao G.L.

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Ni-P/Cu/Ni-P multilayer coatings were prepared by deposition of Cu layer between two Ni–P layers. The Cu layer was deposited by metal displacement reaction between Cu2+ and Fe atoms. Corrosion behavior of single-layer Ni-P coatings, double-layer Ni-P/Cu coatings, and three-layer Ni-P/Cu/Ni-P coatings were investigated by electrochemical tests in 3.5% NaCl solution. The three-layer coatings exhibited more positive Ecorr and decreased Icorr compared with conventional single-layer Ni-P coatings, which indicated an improved corrosion resistance. The polarization curves of the three-layer coatings were characterized by two passive regions. The improved corrosion resistance was not only attributed to the function of the blocked pores of Cu. The Cu interlayer also acted as a sacrificial layer instead of a barrier in the coatings, which altered the corrosion mechanism and further improved the corrosion resistance of the coatings.

Exchange bias in finite sized NiO nanoparticles with Ni clusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gandhi, Ashish Chhaganlal; Lin, Jauyn Grace

2017-01-01

Structural and magnetic properties of finite sized NiO nanoparticles are investigated with synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, magnetometer and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy. A minor Ni phase is detected with synchrotron XRD, attributed to the oxygen defects in the NiO core. A considerable exchange bias of ~100 Oe is observed at 50 K and it drops abruptly and vanishes above 150 K, in association with the reduction of frozen spins. FMR data indicate a strong interaction between ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases below 150 K, consistent with the picture of isolated FM clusters in AFM matrix. - Highlights: • Structural and magnetic properties of finite sized NiO nanoparticles are systematically investigated with several advanced techniques. • A strong interaction between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases is found below 150 K. • Exchange bias field in finite sized NiO nanoparticles is due to anisotropy energy of Ni clusters over riding the domain wall energy of NiO.

Exchange bias in finite sized NiO nanoparticles with Ni clusters

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gandhi, Ashish Chhaganlal; Lin, Jauyn Grace, E-mail: jglin@ntu.edu.tw

2017-02-15

Structural and magnetic properties of finite sized NiO nanoparticles are investigated with synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, magnetometer and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy. A minor Ni phase is detected with synchrotron XRD, attributed to the oxygen defects in the NiO core. A considerable exchange bias of ~100 Oe is observed at 50 K and it drops abruptly and vanishes above 150 K, in association with the reduction of frozen spins. FMR data indicate a strong interaction between ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases below 150 K, consistent with the picture of isolated FM clusters in AFM matrix. - Highlights: • Structural and magnetic properties of finite sized NiO nanoparticles are systematically investigated with several advanced techniques. • A strong interaction between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases is found below 150 K. • Exchange bias field in finite sized NiO nanoparticles is due to anisotropy energy of Ni clusters over riding the domain wall energy of NiO.

[Successful treatment of hyperthyroidism simulating acute abdomen and psychosis].

Science.gov (United States)

Kósa, D; Patakfalvi, A; Györi, L

1992-07-19

A 49 years old female patient entered the surgical department because of epigastric and ileocoecal pains with the symptoms of acute abdomen. A surgical intervention was performed because of supposed appendicitis, but it was not verified. During the surgical observation the patient was confused and negativistic so she was transferred to the psychiatric department. Because of loss of 20 kg weight, high blood sedimentation and anaemia she was sent to our department with the suspicion of an organic disease. A moderate exophthalmos, glittering eyes and Graefe's sign was noted, therefore hyperthyroidism was diagnosed, which was proved by Kocher's blood picture, low serum cholesterol, extremely high T3 and T4 level, and iodine storage diagram. The antithyreotic treatment resulted a dramatic improvement in the extremely serious moreover hopeless case and after a long-term treatment the patient became symptom-free without complaints. Later because of regression of hyperthyreoidism and the growing nodular goitre the patient was treated on two occasions with radioactive iodine. At present the patient is in remission.

Enthalpy of mixing of liquid Ni-Zr and Cu-Ni-Zr alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Witusiewicz, V.T.; Sommer, F.

2000-01-01

Since the Al-Cu-Ni-Zr system is a basis for the production of bulk amorphous materials by rapid solidification techniques from the liquid state, it is of great scientific interest to determine the partial and the integral thermodynamic functions of liquid and undercooled liquid alloys. Such data, as was pointed out previously, are important in order to understand their extremely good glass-forming ability in multicomponent metallic systems as well as for processing improvements. In order to measure the thermodynamic properties of the Al-Cu-Ni-Zr quaternary, it is necessary to have reliable thermochemical data for its constituent canaries and ternaries first. In a series of articles, the authors have reported in detail the thermodynamic properties of liquid Al-Cu, Al-Ni, Cu-Ni, Cu-Zr, Al-Zr, Al-Cu-Ni, and Al-Cu-Zr alloys. This article deals with the direct calorimetric measurements of the partial and the integral enthalpies of mixing of liquid Ni-Zr and Cu-Ni-Zr alloys and the heat capacity of liquid Ni 26 Zr 74 . In a subsequent article, the authors will present similar data for the liquid ternary Al-Ni-Zr and for the liquid quaternary Al-Cu-Ni-Zr alloys

Nitriding behavior of Ni and Ni-based binary alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fonovic, Matej

2015-01-15

Gaseous nitriding is a prominent thermochemical surface treatment process which can improve various properties of metallic materials such as mechanical, tribological and/or corrosion properties. This process is predominantly performed by applying NH{sub 3}+H{sub 2} containing gas atmospheres serving as the nitrogen donating medium at temperatures between 673 K and 873 K (400 C and 600 C). NH{sub 3} decomposes at the surface of the metallic specimen and nitrogen diffuses into the surface adjacent region of the specimen whereas hydrogen remains in the gas atmosphere. One of the most important parameters characterizing a gaseous nitriding process is the so-called nitriding potential (r{sub N}) which determines the chemical potential of nitrogen provided by the gas phase. The nitriding potential is defined as r{sub N} = p{sub NH{sub 3}}/p{sub H{sub 2}{sup 3/2}} where p{sub NH{sub 3}} and p{sub H{sub 2}} are the partial pressures of the NH{sub 3} and H{sub 2} in the nitriding atmosphere. In contrast with nitriding of α-Fe where the nitriding potential is usually in the range between 0.01 and 1 atm{sup -1/2}, nitriding of Ni and Ni-based alloys requires employing nitriding potentials higher than 100 atm{sup -1/2} and even up to ∞ (nitriding in pure NH{sub 3} atmosphere). This behavior is compatible with decreased thermodynamic stability of the 3d-metal nitrides with increasing atomic number. Depending on the nitriding conditions (temperature, nitriding potential and treatment time), different phases are formed at the surface of the Ni-based alloys. By applying very high nitriding potential, formation of hexagonal Ni{sub 3}N at the surface of the specimen (known as external nitriding) leads to the development of a compound layer, which may improve tribological properties. Underneath the Ni{sub 3}N compound layer, two possibilities exist: (i) alloying element precipitation within the nitrided zone (known as internal nitriding) and/or (ii) development of metastable and

Thermodynamic characterization of Ni3TeO6, Ni2Te3O8 and NiTe2O5

Science.gov (United States)

Dawar, Rimpi; Babu, R.; Ananthasivan, K.; Anthonysamy, S.

2017-09-01

Measurement of vapour pressure of TeO2(g) over the biphasic mixture Ni3TeO6 (s) + NiO(s) in the temperature range 1143-1272 K was carried out using transpiration-thermogravimetric technique (TTG). Gibbs energy of formation of Ni3TeO6 was obtained from the temperature dependence of vapour pressure of TeO2 (g) generated by the incongruent vapourisation reaction, Ni3TeO6 (s) → NiO(s) + TeO2 (g) + 1/2 O2 in the temperature range 1143-1272 K. An isoperibol type drop calorimeter was used to measure the enthalpy increments of Ni3TeO6, Ni2Te3O8 and NiTe2O5. Thermodynamic functions viz., heat capacity, entropy and Gibbs energy functions of these compounds were derived from the experimentally measured enthalpy increment values. Third-law analysis was carried out to ascertain absence of temperature dependent systematic errors in the measurement of vapour pressure of TeO2 (g). A value of -1265.1 ± 1.5 kJ mol-1 was obtained for Δ Hf,298K o (Ni3TeO6) using third-law analysis.

Ferromagnetic resonance study of sputtered NiFe/V/NiFe heterostructures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alayo, W., E-mail: willian.rodriguez@ufpel.edu.br [Departamento de Física – IFM, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil); Pelegrini, F. [Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 74001-970 (Brazil); Baggio-Saitovitch, E. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180 (Brazil)

2015-03-01

The Ni{sub 81}Fe{sub 19}/V/Ni{sub 81}Fe{sub 19} heterostructures has been produced by magnetron sputtering and analyzed by ferromagnetic resonance. Two systems were investigated: the non symmetrical NiFe(50 Å)/V(t)/NiFe(30 Å) trilayers and the symmetrical NiFe(80 Å)/V(t)/NiFe(80 Å) trilayers, with variable ultrathin V thickness t. Ferromagnetic exchange coupling was evidenced for t below 10 Å by the excitation of the optic mode, in the case of the non symmetrical samples, and by the observation of a single resonance mode for the symmetrical trilayers. For larger V thickness, all samples exhibited two modes, which were attributed to the resonance of the individual NiFe layers with different effective magnetizations. The analysis with the equilibrium and resonance conditions provided the exchange coupling constants and effective magnetizations. - Highlights: • We present a study of symmetrical and non symmetrical NiFe/V/NiFe trilayers deposited on Si single crystals by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) at room temperature. • For the non symmetrical trilayers, the FMR spectra show the optic and acoustic modes for samples with very thin V layer thicknesses, evidencing ferromagnetic exchange coupling, whereas, for larger V thickness, the spectra exhibited two well resolved modes associated to each independent NiFe layer. For the symmetrical trilayers, strong ferromagnetic exchange coupling is evidenced by the observation of a single resonance mode. • The analysis with the equilibrium condition and dispersion relation provides the exchange coupling constants and effective magnetizations.

Microporous Ni@NiO nanoparticles prepared by chemically dealloying Al_3Ni_2@Al nanoparticles as a high microwave absorption material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pang, Yu; Xie, Xiubo; Li, Da; Chou, Wusheng; Liu, Tong

2017-01-01

The Al_3Ni_2@Al nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared from Ni_4_5Al_5_5 master alloy by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction method, and were subsequently dealloyed to produce porous Ni@NiO NPs of 36 nm. The pore size ranges from 0.7 to 1.6 nm, leading to large specific surface area of 69.5 m"2/g and big pore volume of 0.507 cc/g. The saturation magnetization (M_S) and coercivity (H_C) of the microporous Ni@NiO NPs are 11.5 emu/g and 5.2 Oe. They exhibit high microwave absorption performance with a minimum reflection coefficient (RC) of −86.9 dB and an absorption bandwidth of 2.6 GHz (RC≤−10 dB) at thickness of 4.5 mm. The enhanced microwave absorption properties are attributed to the synergistic effect of the magnetic Ni core and dielectric NiO shell, and the micropore architecture. The NPs with micropore morphology and core/shell structure open a new way to modify the microwave absorption performance. - Graphical abstract: The microporous Ni/NiO nanoparticles prepared by chemically dealloying Al_3Ni_2@Al NPs exhibit high microwave absorption intensity (−86.9 dB) and wide absorption bandwidth (2.6 GHz for RC≤−10 dB). - Highlights: • Microporous Ni/NiO nanoparticals were prepared by chemically dealloying method. • They possessed micropores of 0.7–1.6 nm with a surface area of 69.5 m"2/g. • They showed high microwave absorption intensity and wide absorption bandwidth. • Microwave absorption mechanism was explained by micropore and core/shell structures.

Edad avanzada y factores de riesgo para infarto agudo de miocardio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. A. Ciruzzi

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudio caso-control analizó en los sujetos añosos el rol de los factores de riesgo coronario en el desarrollo del infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM, estableció la naturaleza de esta asociación y el grado de riesgo. Los datos fueron obtenidos en una investigación que incluyó 1060 casos y 1071 controles, realizada en 35 unidades coronarias de centros médicos de Argentina entre noviembre de 1991 y agosto de 1994. Nuestro análisis se basó en la información de los sujetos mayores de 65 años. Los casos fueron 427 pacientes con un primer IAM. Los controles fueron 396 sujetos sin evidencias clinicas de enfermedad cardiovascular, seleccionados en los mismos centros que los casos. Los Odds Ratios (OR y su intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC 95% se obtuvieron mediante un análisis de regresión logística, incluyendo variables como la edad, educación, clase social, tabaquismo, antecedente de diabetes o hipertensión arterial, índice de masa corporal e historia familiar de enfermedad coronaria. Los factores de riesgo relacionados independientemente con IAM fueron los siguientes: hipercolesterolemia (colesterol sérico > 240 mg/dl: OR=1.76 (IC 95%: 1.25-2.49, tabaquismo: OR=1.6 (IC 95%: 1.06-2.4, hipertensión arterial: OR=2.05 (IC 95%: 1.51-2.73, diabetes OR=1.71 (IC 95%: 1.12-2.70, historia de un familiar con enfermedad coronaria: OR=1.36 (IC 95%: 0.93-1.97 y de dos o más familiares: OR=2.63 (IC 95%: 1.21-5.71. Este estudio, confirma en los sujetos de edad avanzada la importancia de la hipercolesterolemia, del tabaquismo, la hipertesión arterial, la diabetes y la historia familiar de enfermedad coronaria como factores de riesgo de IAM

Aneurisma de artéria ilíaca interna roto: relato de caso Ruptured internal iliac artery aneurysm: case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Toledo Afonso

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Aneurismas isolados da artéria ilíaca interna são raros, acometem 0,1% da população e correspondem a 1% dos aneurismas aorto-ilíacos. Na maioria das vezes, os pacientes são assintomáticos, mas podem apresentar dor abdominal, massa pulsátil no hipogástrio ou na fossa ilíaca, sintomas compressivos urinários, gastrointestinais ou neurológicos. Podem ocasionar quadro de abdome agudo, principalmente quando há ruptura. O diagnóstico precoce dos aneurismas isolados de artéria ilíaca interna é incomum, sendo identificados quando mais volumosos ou rotos, o que aumenta significativamente sua morbimortalidade e torna seu prognóstico mais reservado. Dessa forma, representam um desafio terapêutico. A ligadura cirúrgica tem sido o tratamento mais comum, entretanto a cirurgia endovascular tem mostrado bons resultados, inclusive nos aneurismas rotos. É relatado caso de aneurisma de artéria ilíaca interna isolado roto diagnosticado durante laparotomia para abordagem de abdome agudo.Isolated internal iliac artery aneurysms are rare. They affect 0.1% of the population, and account for 1% of aortoiliac aneurysms. Patients are mostly asymptomatic, yet they can have abdominal pain, pulsatile mass in the hypogastrium or iliac fossa, or urinary, gastrointestinal or neurological compressive symptoms. Such aneurysms are likely to course with an acute abdomen, especially when ruptured. Early diagnosis of isolated internal iliac artery aneurysms is difficult, as they are more easily detected when larger or ruptured, which significantly raises their morbidity and mortality rate and determines a poor prognosis. Therefore, they are a therapeutic challenge. Surgical ligation has been the most common treatment; however, the endovascular approach has presented good outcomes, even in the event of ruptured aneurysms. A case of ruptured isolated iliac artery aneurysm diagnosed during a laparotomy (acute abdomen approach is reported.

Phase stability and magnetism in NiPt and NiPd alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paudyal, Durga; Mookerjee, Abhijit

2004-01-01

We show that the differences in stability of 3d-5d NiPt and 3d-4d NiPd alloys arise mainly due to relativistic corrections. The magnetic properties of disordered NiPd and NiPt alloys also differ due to these corrections, which lead to increase in the separation between the s-d bands of 5d elements in these alloys. For the magnetic case we also analyse the results in terms of splitting of majority and minority spin d band centres of the 3d elements. We further examine the effect of relativistic corrections to the pair energies and order-disorder transition temperatures in these alloys. The magnetic moments and Curie temperatures have also been studied along with the short range ordering/segregation effects in NiPt/NiPd alloys

Investigation into the MgF2-NiF2, CaF2-NiF2, SrF2-NiF2 systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ikrami, D.D.; Petrov, S.V.; Fedorov, P.P.; Ol'khovaya, L.A.; Luginina, A.A.; AN SSSR, Moscow. Inst. Fizicheskikh Problem; AN SSSR, Moscow. Inst. Kristallografii)

1984-01-01

Using the methods of differential thermal and X-ray phase analyses the systems MgF 2 -NiF 2 , CaF 2 -NiF 2 , SrF 2 -NiF 2 have been studied. In the system SrF 2 -NiF 2 the only orthorhombic compounds SrNiF 4 (a=14.43; b=3.93; c=5.66 (+-0.01 A)) is formed. SrNiF 4 density constitutes: dsub(X-ray)=4.60+-0.01 g/cm 3 , dsub(exp.)=4.60+-0.03 g/cm 3 . Refraction indices are as follows SrNiF 4 :Ng=1.500; Nsub(m)=1.497; Nsub(p)=1.479. SrNiF 4 magnetic ordering temperature Tsub(N) approximately 100 K

Acute gastric volvulus: report of a case Vólvulo gástrico agudo: etiopatogénesis, diagnóstico y tratamiento

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sergio Hoyos

1997-03-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a case of acute gastric volvulus related to diaphragmatic elevation due to a lung resection performed twenty eight years before, as a consequence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Gastric volvulus is rarely found; the disorder is usually chronic and originales from concurrent diaphragmatic defects or derangements. Pathogenesis and diagnosis of acute gastric volvulus as well as different treatment alternatives are discussed. Se presenta un caso de vólvulo gástrico agudo asociado a elevación del diafragma, secundaria a una neumonectomía practicada 28 años antes por tuberculosis pulmonar. El vólvulo gástrico es una entidad clínica poco frecuente que ocurre, en general, en forma crónica y secundaria a patología diafragmática. Se discuten la etiopatogénesis, el diagnóstico y las diferentes alternativas de tratamiento en pacientes con esta entidad.

Terapia trombolítica en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio en Cienfuegos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lázaro Abilio Hernández Rodríguez

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: el tratamiento trombolítico practicado a menos de dos horas, tras el inicio del infarto tiene resultados similares a la reperfusión mecánica. Objetivo: describir aspectos relevantes de la terapia trombolítica en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST en Cienfuegos. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, en 225 pacientes egresados (vivos y fallecidos desde el 1o de abril de 2012 al 31 marzo de 2013, de la Unidad de Cuidados Integrales del Corazón y la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalentes, del Hospital Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima. Las variables estudiadas se obtuvieron de la revisión de las historias clínicas e incluyeron: variables demográficas y clínicas, tiempos de demora, sitio, motivo de exclusión y nivel de prioridad para la trombolisis. Resultados: la media de edad superó los 60 años. Predominaron los hombres, hipertensos y de alto riesgo según la escala GRACE. El 29,7 % de los pacientes no recibió terapia trombolítica, debido mayormente al factor tiempo y la mayoría (82,3 % se trató en el Hospital. Las medianas de los tiempos de demora: síntomas-puerta, puerta-droga y síntomas-droga fueron 90, 35 y 140 minutos respectivamente. Conclusiones: la trombolisis extrahospitalaria acorta el tiempo total de isquemia, pero pocos pacientes se beneficiaron de ella. Los retrasos para la terapia trombolítica en Cienfuegos continúan por encima de los estándares requeridos.

Density functional theory study of the interfacial properties of Ni/Ni3Si eutectic alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao, Yuhong; Wen, Zhiqin; Hou, Hua; Guo, Wei; Han, Peide

2014-01-01

In order to clarify the heterogeneous nucleation potential of α-Ni grains on Ni 3 Si particles in Ni-Ni 3 Si eutectic alloy, the work of adhesion (W ad ), fracture toughness (G), interfacial energy (γ i ), and electronic structure of the index (0 0 1), (1 1 0) and (1 1 1) Ni/Ni 3 Si interfaces with two different cohesive manners are investigated using first-principles method based on density functional theory. Results indicate that the center site stacking sequence (OM) is preferable to continue the natural stacking sequence of bulk Ni and Ni 3 Si. Since OM stacking interfaces have larger W ad , G and γ i than that of the top site stacking (OT) interfaces. The Ni/Ni 3 Si (1 1 0) interface with OM stacking has the best mechanical properties. Therefore, the formation of this interface can improve the stability, ductility and fracture toughness of Ni-Ni 3 Si eutectic alloy. The calculated interfacial energy of Ni/Ni 3 Si (0 0 1), (1 1 0) and (1 1 1) interfaces with OM stacking proves the excellent nucleation potency of Ni 3 Si particles for α-Ni phase from thermodynamic considerations. Besides, the electronic structure and chemical bonding of (1 1 0) interface with OM stacking are also discussed.

Microstructure and tribological properties of NiMo/Mo2Ni3Si intermetallic 'in-situ' composites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gui Yongliang; Song Chunyan; Yang Li; Qin Xiaoling

2011-01-01

Research highlights: → Wear resistant NiMo/Mo 2 Ni 3 Si intermetallic 'in-situ' composites was fabricated successfully with Mo-Ni-Si powder blends as the starting materials. Microstructure of the NiMo/Mo 2 Ni 3 Si composites consists of Mo 2 Ni 3 Si primary dendrites, binary intermetallic phase NiMo and small amount of Ni/NiMo eutectics structure. The NiMo/Mo 2 Ni 3 Si composites exhibited high hardness and outstanding tribological properties under room-temperature dry-sliding wear test conditions which were attributed to the covalent-dominant strong atomic bonds and excellent combination of strength and ductility and toughness. - Abstract: Wear resistant NiMo/Mo 2 Ni 3 Si intermetallic 'in-situ' composites with a microstructure of ternary metal silicide Mo 2 Ni 3 Si primary dendritic, the long strip-like NiMo intermetallic phase, and a small amount of Ni/NiMo eutectics structure were designed and fabricated using molybdenum, nickel and silicon elemental powders. Friction and wear properties of NiMo/Mo 2 Ni 3 Si composites were evaluated under different contact load at room-temperature dry-sliding wear test conditions. Microstructure, worn surface morphologies and subsurface microstructure were characterized by OM, XRD, SEM and EDS. Results indicate that NiMo/Mo 2 Ni 3 Si composites have low fiction coefficient, excellent wear resistance and sluggish wear-load dependence. The dominant wear mechanisms of NiMo/Mo 2 Ni 3 Si composites are soft abrasion and slightly superficial oxidative wear.

Joining of Ni-TiC FGM and Ni-Al Intermetallics by Centrifugal Combustion Synthesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ohmi, Tatsuya; Matsuura, Kiyotaka; Iguchi, Manabu; Mizuma, Kiminori

2008-01-01

A centrifugal combustion synthesis (CCS) process has been investigated to join a Ni-Al intermetallic compound and a Ni-TiC cermet. The cermet, a tubular graphite mold, and a green compact of reactants consisting of Al, Ni and NiO were set in a centrifugal caster. When the combustion synthesis reaction was induced in the centrifugal force field, a synthesized molten Ni-Al alloy flowed into the graphite mold and joined to the cermet. The soundness of the joint interface depended on the volume percentage of TiC phase in the cermet. A lot of defects were formed near the interface between the Ni-TiC cermet and the cast Ni-Al alloy when the volume percentage of TiC was 50% or higher. For this kind of cermet system, using a functionally graded cermet such as Ni-10 vol.%TiC/Ni-25 vol.%TiC/Ni-50 vol.%TiC overcame this difficulty. The four-point bending strength of the joined specimen consisting of the three-layered FGM cermet and cast Ni-29 mol%Al alloy was 1010 MPa which is close to the result for a Ni-29 mol%Al alloy specimen

CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION IN NI METAL AND NI-ALLOYS AND HIGH-ENERGY SPECTROSCOPY

NARCIS (Netherlands)

TANAKA, A; JO, T; SAWATZKY, GA

We discuss the electronic state of Ni atoms in Ni metal and of Ni impurity in Cu and Au metals from the viewpoint of 3d configuration interaction (CI) using the Anderson impurity model including atomic multiplets. On the basis of the discussion, we give an interpretation for the Ni 2p-core X-ray

Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and pelvis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1989-01-01

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen presents greater inherent difficulties than other anatomic regions. However, new techniques now allow imaging comparable in quality to computed tomography (CT). Magnetic resonance imaging offers the advantages of greater tissue contrast, multiplanar imaging, and lack of ionizing radiation or risk of toxic reactions from iodinated contrast media. Its use remains limited by high cost, limited availability, lack of a bowel contrast agent, and long imaging time, which some patients cannot tolerate. In many areas of abdominal imaging, MRI is now comparable to CT, but because of the greater availability and lesser cost, CT remains the procedure of choice. Magnetic resonance imaging is more accurate for staging neoplasms of the liver, adrenal glands, kidneys, bladder, prostate, uterus, and cervix and may aid in diagnosis of hepatic, adrenal, and uterine masses. In selected patients, especially those in whom CT is inconclusive or those who cannot tolerate iodinated contrast material, MRI can provide valuable information. Development of faster scanning techniques and MRI contrast agents and wider availability will probably increase the usefulness of abdominal MRI. At this time, MRI complements other abdominal imaging procedures. In a small number of patients, however, it can provide unique information in a virtually risk-free manner

Growth of single-crystal W whiskers during humid H2/N2 reduction of Ni, Fe-Ni, and Co-Ni doped tungsten oxide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Shiliang; He Yuehui; Zou Jou; Wang Yong; Huang Han

2009-01-01

Numbers of W whiskers were obtained by reducing Ni, Ni-Fe, and Ni-Co doped tungsten oxide in a mixed atmosphere of humid H 2 and N 2 . The phases and morphologies of the reduction products were characterized by XRD and SEM. Intensive TEM and EDS analyses showed that the obtained whiskers were W single crystals which typical have alloyed particles (Ni-W, Fe-Ni, or Co-Ni-W) at the growth tips. The formed W whiskers were presumed to be induced by the alloyed particles. Our experimental results revealed that, during the reduction process of tungsten oxide, the pre-reduced Ni, Fe-Ni, or Co-Ni particles not only served as nucleation aids for the initial growth of W phase from W oxide but also played the roles of catalysts during the reductive decomposition of gaseous WO 2 (OH) 2 .

Preparation of one-step NiO/Ni-CGO composites using factorial design

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Araujo, A.J.M. de; Sousa, A R.O. de; Camposa, L.F.A.; Macedo, D.A.; Loureiro, F. J.A.; Fagg, D.P.

2016-01-01

This work deals with the synthesis, processing and characterization of NiO/Ni- CGO composite materials as potential solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anodes. The particulate materials were obtained by a one-step synthesis method and characterized by thermal analysis (prior to calcination) and X-ray diffraction (calcined powder). The ceramic processing of samples containing from 30 to 70 wt.% NiO was carried out by factorial design. Besides the NiO content controlled during the chemical synthesis, the impacts of the pore-former content (citric acid, used in proportions of 0, 7.5 and 15 wt.%) and the sintering temperature (1300, 1350 and 1400 °C) were also investigated. The open porosity of NiO-CGO composites and reduced Ni-CGO cermets was modeled as a function of factors (NiO content, citric acid content and sintering temperature) and interaction of factors. (author)

Adherencia al tratamiento y calidad de vida en personas con infarto agudo de miocardio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jennifer Rojas-Reyes

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: identificar la asociación entre adherencia al tratamiento y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS en población con infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM. Materiales y método: estudio cuantitativo de diseño descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal. Se eligieron 180 participantes por muestreo de tipo probabilístico con selección aleatoria simple. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó estadística no paramétrica con correlación de Spearman. Resultados: la edad media fue de 63 años, el promedio de tiempo transcurrido después del infarto fue de 35 meses. Frente al nivel de adherencia al tratamiento, predominó la adherencia total (54 %, adherencia parcial (45%; en cuanto a la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, el 27 % tuvo un bajo nivel; respecto a la correlación de Spearman, se estableció un coeficiente de -0,315 con una significancia de p=0,00, donde el número negativo es reflejo de la naturaleza de las escalas con las que fueron medidas las variables, por lo que la correlación es positiva, significativa, pero numéricamente modesta. Conclusión: la asociación entre adherencia al tratamiento y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud evidencia en una correlación estadísticamente significativa, pero catalogada como modesta, siendo estos resultados coherentes con la multidimensionalidad de los fenómenos.

Techniques, clinical applications and limitations of 3D reconstruction in CT of the abdomen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maher, Michael M.; Kalra, Mannudeep K.; Sahani, Dushyant V.; Perumpillichira, James J.; Rizzo, Stephania; Saini, Sanjay; Mueller, Peter R. [Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (United States)

2004-03-15

Enhanced z-axis coverage with thin overlapping slices in breath-hold acquisitions with multidetector CT (MDCT) has considerably enhanced the quality of multiplanar 3D reconstruction. This pictorial essay describes the improvements in 3D reconstruction and technical aspects of 3D reconstruction and rendering techniques available for abdominal imaging. Clinical applications of 3D imaging in abdomen including liver, pancreaticobiliary system, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts and imaging before and after transplantation are discussed. In addition, this article briefly discusses the disadvantages of this-slice acquisitions including increasing numbers of transverse images, which must be reviewed by the radiologist.

Techniques, clinical applications and limitations of 3D reconstruction in CT of the abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maher, Michael M.; Kalra, Mannudeep K.; Sahani, Dushyant V.; Perumpillichira, James J.; Rizzo, Stephania; Saini, Sanjay; Mueller, Peter R.

2004-01-01

Enhanced z-axis coverage with thin overlapping slices in breath-hold acquisitions with multidetector CT (MDCT) has considerably enhanced the quality of multiplanar 3D reconstruction. This pictorial essay describes the improvements in 3D reconstruction and technical aspects of 3D reconstruction and rendering techniques available for abdominal imaging. Clinical applications of 3D imaging in abdomen including liver, pancreaticobiliary system, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts and imaging before and after transplantation are discussed. In addition, this article briefly discusses the disadvantages of this-slice acquisitions including increasing numbers of transverse images, which must be reviewed by the radiologist

Synthesis of a novel Au nanoparticles decorated Ni-MOF/Ni/NiO nanocomposite and electrocatalytic performance for the detection of glucose in human serum.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Jingyuan; Xu, Qin; Shu, Yun; Hu, Xiaoya

2018-07-01

A nonenzymatic glucose electrochemical sensor was constructed based on Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated Ni metal-organic-framework (MOF)/Ni/NiO nanocomposite. Ni-MOF/Ni/NiO nanocomposite was synthesized by one-step calcination of Ni-MOF. Then AuNPs were loaded onto the Ni-based nanocomposites' surface through electrostatic adsorption. Through characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution TEM (HRTEM) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) mapping, it is found that the AuNPs were well distributed on the surface of Ni-based nanocomposite. Cyclic voltammetric (CV) study showed the electrocatalytic activity of Au-Ni nanocomposite was highly improved after loading AuNPs onto it. Amperometric study demonstrated that the Au-Ni nanocomposites modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited a high sensitivity of 2133.5 mA M -1 cm -2 and a wide linear range (0.4-900 μM) toward the oxidation of glucose with a detection limit as low as 0.1 μM. Moreover, the reproducibility, selectivity and stability of the sensor all exhibited outstanding performance. We applied the as-fabricated high performance sensor to measure the glucose levels in human serum and obtained satisfactory results. It is believed that AuNPs decorated Ni MOF/Ni/NiO nanocomposite provides a new platform for developing highly performance electrochemical sensors in practical applications. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Electroplating condition for Ni nanocrystalline on metal (Ni and Cu) plates

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Keun Yung; Uhm, Young Rang; Son, Kwang Jae; Shim, Young Ho; Choi, Sun Ju [KAERI, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2012-10-15

Ni 63, a beta radiation source, is prepared by the electrical deposition of radioactive Ni 63 ions on a thin non radioactive nickel foil or Cu plate. Given a half life of 100 years, a nuclear battery will still produce half of its initial starting power after 100 years. A speck of a radioisotope like nickel 63, for example, contains enough energy to power a nano nuclear battery for decades, and to do so safely. Ni 63 plating is similar to other electroplating processes that employ soluble metal anodes. It requires the passage of a direct current between two electrodes that are immersed in a conductive, aqueous solution of nickel salts. The charged Ni ions are formed by sulfate, sulfamate, chloride, and a Watts bath. However, the charged Ni 63 ions are formed by dissolving metal Ni 63. To established the coating condition of Ni 63, non radioactive metal Ni particles are dissolved an acid solution and electroplated on a Ni sheet. The nickel plating process is used extensively for decorative, engineering and electro forming purposes because the appearance and other properties of electrodeposited nickel can be varied over a wide range by controlling the composition and operating parameters of the plating solution. A continuous increase in the grain size versus current density has also been recognized in the direct current electrodeposition of nickel coating. On the other hand, A runa et al. reported that the current density has no significant effect on the grain size of nickel electro deposits. A review of the literature shows that saccharin has often been added to a nickel plating bath since the 1980s to improve the ductility and brightness, and in later periods as a grain refiner agent. In the present paper, not only the preparation of a Ni plating solution prepared by dissolving metal particles, but also an optimization of the deposition conditions, such as the current density, saccharin concentration in the bath, and different metal substrates were investigated

Electroplating condition for Ni nanocrystalline on metal (Ni and Cu) plates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Keun Yung; Uhm, Young Rang; Son, Kwang Jae; Shim, Young Ho; Choi, Sun Ju

2012-01-01

Ni 63, a beta radiation source, is prepared by the electrical deposition of radioactive Ni 63 ions on a thin non radioactive nickel foil or Cu plate. Given a half life of 100 years, a nuclear battery will still produce half of its initial starting power after 100 years. A speck of a radioisotope like nickel 63, for example, contains enough energy to power a nano nuclear battery for decades, and to do so safely. Ni 63 plating is similar to other electroplating processes that employ soluble metal anodes. It requires the passage of a direct current between two electrodes that are immersed in a conductive, aqueous solution of nickel salts. The charged Ni ions are formed by sulfate, sulfamate, chloride, and a Watts bath. However, the charged Ni 63 ions are formed by dissolving metal Ni 63. To established the coating condition of Ni 63, non radioactive metal Ni particles are dissolved an acid solution and electroplated on a Ni sheet. The nickel plating process is used extensively for decorative, engineering and electro forming purposes because the appearance and other properties of electrodeposited nickel can be varied over a wide range by controlling the composition and operating parameters of the plating solution. A continuous increase in the grain size versus current density has also been recognized in the direct current electrodeposition of nickel coating. On the other hand, A runa et al. reported that the current density has no significant effect on the grain size of nickel electro deposits. A review of the literature shows that saccharin has often been added to a nickel plating bath since the 1980s to improve the ductility and brightness, and in later periods as a grain refiner agent. In the present paper, not only the preparation of a Ni plating solution prepared by dissolving metal particles, but also an optimization of the deposition conditions, such as the current density, saccharin concentration in the bath, and different metal substrates were investigated

CLASSICAL AREAS OF PHENOMENOLOGY: First-principles calculations for the elastic properties of Ni-base model superalloys: Ni/Ni3Al multilayers

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yun-Jiang; Wang, Chong-Yu

2009-10-01

A model system consisting of Ni[001](100)/Ni3Al[001](100) multi-layers are studied using the density functional theory in order to explore the elastic properties of single crystal Ni-based superalloys. Simulation results are consistent with the experimental observation that rafted Ni-base superalloys virtually possess a cubic symmetry. The convergence of the elastic properties with respect to the thickness of the multilayers are tested by a series of multilayers from 2γ'+2γ to 10γ'+10γ atomic layers. The elastic properties are found to vary little with the increase of the multilayer's thickness. A Ni/Ni3Al multilayer with 10γ'+10γ atomic layers (3.54 nm) can be used to simulate the mechanical properties of Ni-base model superalloys. Our calculated elastic constants, bulk modulus, orientation-dependent shear modulus and Young's modulus, as well as the Zener anisotropy factor are all compatible with the measured results of Ni-base model superalloys R1 and the advanced commercial superalloys TMS-26, CMSX-4 at a low temperature. The mechanical properties as a function of the γ' phase volume fraction are calculated by varying the proportion of the γ and γ' phase in the multilayers. Besides, the mechanical properties of two-phase Ni/Ni3Al multilayer can be well predicted by the Voigt-Reuss-Hill rule of mixtures.

Étude du comportement interne de l’abdomen lors d’un impact : observations par échographie ultrarapide

OpenAIRE

HELFENSTEIN , Clémentine

2013-01-01

Due to limitations of observation techniques, past researches in impact biomechanics on the abdomen have been mostly limited to the description of the externals responses. This study focuses on the internal response of abdominal organs using recent observation techniques: ultrafast ultrasound imaging and shearwave elastography. First, the effects of perfusion conditions on the geometrical and internal shear moduli of ex vivo porcine kidneys were evaluated. The considerable effect of the appli...

The Appropriateness of the Length of Insulin Needles Based on Determination of Skin and Subcutaneous Fat Thickness in the Abdomen and Upper Arm in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kang Hee Sim

2014-04-01

Full Text Available BackgroundLonger needle and complicated insulin injection technique such as injecting at a 45-degree angle and making skinfolds may decrease patient compliance to insulin injection therapy. In this light, shorter insulin needles have been recently developed. However, it is necessary to ascertain that such shorter needles are appropriate for Korean patients with diabetes as well.MethodsFirst, the diverse demographic and diabetic features of 156 Korean adults with diabetes were collected by a questionnaire and a device unit of body fat measurement. The skin and subcutaneous fat thicknesses of each subject were measured by Ultrasound device with a 7- to 12-MHz probe. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and multiple linear regression.ResultsThe mean skin thickness was 2.29±0.37 mm in the abdomen and 2.00±0.34 mm in the upper arms, and the mean subcutaneous fat thickness was to 10.15±6.54 mm in the abdomen and 5.50±2.68 mm in the upper arms. Our analysis showed that the factors affecting the skin thickness of the abdomen and upper arms were gender and body mass index (BMI, whereas the factors influencing the subcutaneous fat thickness in the abdomen were gender and BMI, and the factors influencing the subcutaneous fat thickness in the upper arms were gender, BMI, and age. Insulin fluids may not appear to be intradermally injected into the abdomen and upper arms at any needle lengths. The risk of intramuscular injection is likely to increase with longer insulin needles and lower BMI.ConclusionIt is recommended to fully inform the patients about the lengths of needles for insulin injections. As for the recommended needle length, the findings of this study indicate that needles as short as 4 mm are sufficient to deliver insulin for Korean patients with diabetes.

The relationship of body mass index and abdominal fat on the radiation dose received during routine computed tomographic imaging of the abdomen and pelvis.

Science.gov (United States)

Chan, Victoria O; McDermott, Shaunagh; Buckley, Orla; Allen, Sonya; Casey, Michael; O'Laoide, Risteard; Torreggiani, William C

2012-11-01

To determine the relationship of increasing body mass index (BMI) and abdominal fat on the effective dose acquired from computed tomography (CT) abdomen and pelvis scans. Over 6 months, dose-length product and total milliamp-seconds (mAs) from routine CT abdomen and pelvis scans of 100 patients were recorded. The scans were performed on a 64-slice CT scanner by using an automatic exposure control system. Effective dose (mSv) based on dose-length product, BMI, periumbilical fat thickness, and intra-abdominal fat were documented for each patient. BMI, periumbilical fat thickness, and intra-abdominal fat were compared with effective dose. Thirty-nine men and 61 women were included in the study (mean age, 56.3 years). The mean BMI was 26.2 kg/m(2). The mean effective dose was 10.3 mSv. The mean periumbilical fat thickness was 2.4 cm. Sixty-five patients had a small amount of intra-abdominal fat, and 35 had a large amount of intra-abdominal fat. The effective dose increased with increasing BMI (P abdominal fat (P abdominal fat significantly increases the effective dose received from CT abdomen and pelvis scans. Copyright © 2012 Canadian Association of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Synthesis of Ni core NiO shell nanostructure and magnetic investigation for shell thickness determination

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arabi, H.; Bruck, E.; Tichelaar, F.D.

2007-01-01

Full text: Nickel oxide has received a considerable amount of attention in recent years for its catalytic, electronic and magnetic properties. Ni nanoparticles with an average size of 8 nm were prepared by dc - arc discharge in argon atmosphere. A current of 130 A and 300 milli bar pressure of argon have been applied. The produced Ni nanoparticles were annealed for oxidizing in air at 350 for six hours to produce antiferromagnetic NiO particles. The structure of Ni and NiO nanoparticles and size estimation of them studied by means of X-ray diffraction. The size and morphology of the particles were also characterized by high resolution transmission microscopy (TEM). The Ni core NiO shell structure, resulting from the oxidation process, were studied by magnetic properties measurements. A quantum design squid magnetometer, model MPMS5S was used for measuring saturation magnetization of both nanoparticles of Ni with and without NiO layer. By knowing the density of Ni and NiO, we were able to deduce the thickness of the Ni core and NiO outer layer. They are around 3 and 5 nanometers respectively. (authors)

Electroless Ni-P/Ni-B duplex coatings: preparation and evaluation of microhardness, wear and corrosion resistance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Narayanan, T.S.N. Sankara; Krishnaveni, K.; Seshadri, S.K.

2003-01-01

The present work deals with the formation of Ni-P/Ni-B duplex coatings by electroless plating process and evaluation of their hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The Ni-P/Ni-B duplex coatings were prepared using dual baths (acidic hypophosphite- and alkaline borohydride-reduced electroless nickel baths) with both Ni-P and Ni-B as inner layers and with varying single layer thickness. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess the duplex interface. The microhardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of electroless nickel duplex coatings were compared with electroless Ni-P and Ni-B coatings of similar thickness. The study reveals that the Ni-P and Ni-B coatings are amorphous in their as-plated condition and upon heat-treatment at 450 deg. C for 1 h, both Ni-P and Ni-B coatings crystallize and produce nickel, nickel phosphide and nickel borides in the respective coatings. All the three phases are formed when Ni-P/Ni-B and Ni-B/Ni-P duplex coatings are heat-treated at 450 deg. C for 1 h. The duplex coatings are uniform and the compatibility between the layers is good. The microhardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the duplex coating is higher than Ni-P and Ni-B coatings of similar thickness. Among the two types of duplex coatings studied, hardness and wear resistance is higher for coatings having Ni-B coating as the outer layer whereas better corrosion resistance is offered by coatings having Ni-P coating as the outer layer

Electrochemical Behaviour of Ni and Ni-PVC Electrodes for the Electroxidation of Ethanol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mohd Syafiq Hamdan; Norazzizi Nordin; Siti Fathrita Mohd Amir; Riyanto; Mohamed Rozali Othman

2011-01-01

In this study, two nickel based electrodes were prepared; nickel foil and nickel-polyvinylchloride (Ni-PVC), in order to study their electrochemical behavior using cyclic voltammetry, CV and chronocoulometry, CC. Ni electrode was prepared from Ni metal foil while Ni-PVC electrode was prepared by mixing a weighed portion of Ni powder and PVC in THF solvent, swirled until the suspension was homogeneous and drying the suspension in an oven at 50 degree Celsius for 3 h. The dry sample was then placed in a 1 cm diameter stainless steel mould and pressed at 10 ton/ cm 2 . From CV data, Ni-PVC electrode showed a better electrochemical behavior compared to Ni metal foil electrode. The use of Ni-PVC electrode at higher concentration of supporting electrolyte (1.0 M KOH) was better than at lower concentration of the same supporting electrolyte in electroxidation of ethanol. In addition to acetic acid, the oxidation of ethanol also produced ethyl acetate and acetaldehyde. (author)

Combing a novel device and negative pressure wound therapy for managing the wound around a colostomy in the open abdomen: A case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Xiaofang; Wu, Shaohan; Xie, Ting; Zhang, Jianping

2017-12-01

An open abdomen complicated with small-bowel fistulae becomes a complex wound for local infection, systemic sepsis and persistent soiling irritation by intestinal content. While controlling the fistulae drainage, protecting surrounding skin, healing the wound maybe a challenge. In this paper we described a 68-year-old female was admitted to emergency surgery in general surgery department with severe abdomen pain. Resection part of the injured small bowel, drainage of the intra-abdominal abscess, and fashioning of a colostomy were performed. She failed to improve and ultimately there was tenderness and lot of pus under the skin around the fistulae. The wound started as a 3-cm lesion and progressed to a 6 ×13  (78 cm) around the stoma. In our case we present a novel device for managing colostomy wound combination with negative pressure wound therapy. This tube allows for an effective drainage of small-bowel secretion and a safe build-up of granulation tissue. Also it could be a barrier between the bowel suction point and foam. Management of open abdomen wound involves initial dressing changes, antibiotic use and cutaneous closure. When compared with traditional dressing changes, the NPWT offers several advantages including increased granulation tissue formation, reduction in bacterial colonization, decreased of bowel edema and wound size, and enhanced neovascularization. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Implementación y resultados de un nuevo programa de ECMO para trasplante de pulmón y distrés respiratorio agudo

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Eduardo San Roman

2015-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN Objetivo: El desarrollo de la membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea en América Latina representa un desafío para la especialidad. El objetivo de este artículo fue describir los resultados de un nuevo programa de membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. Incluye 22 pacientes que requirieron membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea desde Enero de 2011 hasta Junio de 2014. Se evaluaron características basales, indicaciones, duración de la corrida, días de ventilación mecánica, días de unidad de cuidados intensivos, complicaciones y mortalidad hospitalaria. Resultados: Quince pacientes requirieron membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea post-trasplante pulmonar y 7 pacientes por distrés respiratorio agudo. Todos los pacientes trasplantados fueron destetados de membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea, con una duración mediana de 3 días (Rango intercuantil - IQR: 2 - 5, de ventilación mecánica 15,5 días (IQR: 3 - 35, de estadía unidad de cuidados intensivos 31,5 días (IQR: 19 - 53 y de estadía hospitalaria 60 días (IQR: 36 - 89, con una mortalidad de 20%. Los pacientes con distrés respiratorio agudo tuvieron una mediana de duración de membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea de 9 días (IQR: 3 - 14, mediana de ventilación mecánica 25 días (IQR: 13 - 37, de estadía en terapia 31 días (IQR: 11 - 38, y hospitalaria 32 días (IQR: 11 - 41, y 57% de mortalidad. Las principales complicaciones fueron infecciones (80%, insuficiencia renal aguda (43%, sangrados en sitio quirúrgico y de inserción de cánulas (22%, plaquetopenia (60% y coagulopatía (30%. Conclusión: A pesar de encontrarnos transitando una curva de aprendizaje, consideramos la experiencia satisfactoria, con resultados y complicaciones comparables a las reportadas en la literatura.

Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on In Situ Reduction of Ni/NiO-Graphene Nanocomposite

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Xiaohui Zhang

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Ni/NiO nanoflower modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO nanocomposite (Ni/NiO-rGO was introduced to screen printed electrode (SPE for the construction of a nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensor. The Ni/NiO-rGO nanocomposite was synthesized by an in situ reduction process. Graphene oxide (GO hybrid Nafion sheets first chemical adsorbed Ni ions and assembled on the SPE. Subsequently, GO and Ni ions were reduced by hydrazine hydrate. The electrochemical properties of such a Ni/NiO-rGO modified SPE were carefully investigated. It showed a high activity for electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose in alkaline medium. The proposed nonenzymatic sensor can be utilized for quantification of glucose with a wide linear range from 29.9 μM to 6.44 mM (R = 0.9937 with a low detection limit of 1.8 μM (S/N = 3 and a high sensitivity of 1997 μA/mM∙cm−2. It also exhibited good reproducibility as well as high selectivity.

Meckel’s Diverticulitis as a Cause of an Acute Abdomen in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy: Laparoscopic Management

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Ivilina Pandeva

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction. Meckel’s diverticulitis is an extremely rare cause of an acute abdomen in pregnancy. Its clinical presentation tends to be rather unusual and therefore commonly delaying diagnosis. The surgical method of exploration can be either by laparoscopy or through an open incision. Case Report. We report a case of a 34-year-old, P1 with previous Caesarean section, who presented at 20 weeks with worsening right-sided abdominal pain, distention, and peritonism. Ultrasound scan showed an area of a possibly thickened loop of bowel inconsistent with an appendicitis. The findings at laparoscopy were purulent fluid in the pelvis, a congested appendix, and inflamed Meckel’s diverticulum. An appendectomy and excision of the diverticulum was performed using stapler technique. Discussion. Meckel’s diverticulitis in pregnancy can have nonspecific presentation and poses difficulties for preoperative diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis and management poses significant maternal and fetal risks. The use of laparoscopy if the gestational age and uterine size permit its use allows a thorough exploration of the abdominal cavity and management of rarer and unexpected pathology. Laparoscopic management of acute abdomen in the midtrimester of pregnancy has been found to be safe and effective.

Structural and magnetic properties of Ni-Zn and Ni-Zn-Co ferrites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Knyazev, A.V., E-mail: knyazevav@gmail.com [N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Gagarin Prospekt 23/2, 603950 Nizhni Novgorod (Russian Federation); Zakharchuk, I.; Lähderanta, E. [Lappeenranta University of Technology, P.O. Box 20, FI-53851 Lappeenranta (Finland); Baidakov, K.V.; Knyazeva, S.S. [N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Gagarin Prospekt 23/2, 603950 Nizhni Novgorod (Russian Federation); Ladenkov, I.V. [Joint-stock Company “Research and Production Company “Salut”, Nizhni Novgorod (Russian Federation)

2017-08-01

Highlights: • Ni-Zn and Ni-Zn-Co ferrite powders were prepared by the solid-state reaction at 1073 K. • The room temperature saturation magnetizations are 59.7 emu/g for Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and 57.1 emu/g for Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.3}Co{sub 0.2}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4}. • The coercivity of the samples is found to be much larger than that of bulk ferrites and increases with Co introduction. • The temperature dependences of magnetization exhibit large spin frustration and spin-glass-like behavior. - Abstract: Ni-Zn and Ni-Zn-Co ferrite powders with nominal compositions Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.3}Co{sub 0.2}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} were prepared by the solid-state reaction synthesis with periodic regrinding during the calcination at 1073 K. The structure of Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.3}Co{sub 0.2}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} was refined assuming space group F d-3m. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the average sizes of the crystalline ferrite particles are 130–630 nm for Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and 140–350 nm for Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.3}Co{sub 0.2}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4}. The room temperature saturation magnetizations are 59.7 emu/g for Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.5}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} and 57.1 emu/g for Ni{sub 0.5}Zn{sub 0.3}Co{sub 0.2}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4}. The coercivity of the samples is found to be much larger than that of bulk ferrites and increases with Co introduction. The Curie temperature tends to increase upon Zn substitution by Co, as well. The temperature dependences of magnetization measured using zero-field cooled and field cooled protocols exhibit large spin frustration and spin-glass-like behavior.

Polymer stabilized Ni-Ag and Ni-Fe alloy nanoclusters: Structural and magnetic properties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kabir, L.; Mandal, A.R. [Department of Physics, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan-731 235 (India); Mandal, S.K., E-mail: sk_mandal@hotmail.co [Department of Physics, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan-731 235 (India)

2010-04-15

We report here the structural and magnetic behaviors of nickel-silver (Ni-Ag) and nickel-iron (Ni-Fe) nanoclusters stabilized with polymer (polypyrrole). High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) indicates Ni-Ag nanoclusters to stabilize in core-shell configuration while that of Ni-Fe nanoclusters in a mixed type of geometry. Structural characterizations by X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveal the possibility of alloying in such bimetallic nanoclusters to some extent even at temperatures much lower than that of bulk alloying. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra clearly reveal two different absorption behaviors: one is ascribed to non-isolated Ni{sup 2+} clusters surrounded by either silver or iron giving rise to a broad signal, other (very narrow signal) being due to the isolated superparamagnetic Ni{sup 2+} clusters or bimetallic alloy nanoclusters. Results obtained for Ni-Ag and Ni-Fe nanoclusters have been further compared with the behavior exhibited by pure Ni nanoclusters in polypyrrole host. Temperature dependent studies (at 300 and 77 K) of EPR parameters, e.g. linewidth, g-value, line shape and signal intensity indicating the significant influence of surrounding paramagnetic silver or ferromagnetic iron within polymer host on the EPR spectra have been presented.

Polymer stabilized Ni-Ag and Ni-Fe alloy nanoclusters: Structural and magnetic properties

Science.gov (United States)

Kabir, L.; Mandal, A. R.; Mandal, S. K.

2010-04-01

We report here the structural and magnetic behaviors of nickel-silver (Ni-Ag) and nickel-iron (Ni-Fe) nanoclusters stabilized with polymer (polypyrrole). High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) indicates Ni-Ag nanoclusters to stabilize in core-shell configuration while that of Ni-Fe nanoclusters in a mixed type of geometry. Structural characterizations by X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveal the possibility of alloying in such bimetallic nanoclusters to some extent even at temperatures much lower than that of bulk alloying. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra clearly reveal two different absorption behaviors: one is ascribed to non-isolated Ni 2+ clusters surrounded by either silver or iron giving rise to a broad signal, other (very narrow signal) being due to the isolated superparamagnetic Ni 2+ clusters or bimetallic alloy nanoclusters. Results obtained for Ni-Ag and Ni-Fe nanoclusters have been further compared with the behavior exhibited by pure Ni nanoclusters in polypyrrole host. Temperature dependent studies (at 300 and 77 K) of EPR parameters, e.g. linewidth, g-value, line shape and signal intensity indicating the significant influence of surrounding paramagnetic silver or ferromagnetic iron within polymer host on the EPR spectra have been presented.

Polymer stabilized Ni-Ag and Ni-Fe alloy nanoclusters: Structural and magnetic properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kabir, L.; Mandal, A.R.; Mandal, S.K.

2010-01-01

We report here the structural and magnetic behaviors of nickel-silver (Ni-Ag) and nickel-iron (Ni-Fe) nanoclusters stabilized with polymer (polypyrrole). High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) indicates Ni-Ag nanoclusters to stabilize in core-shell configuration while that of Ni-Fe nanoclusters in a mixed type of geometry. Structural characterizations by X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveal the possibility of alloying in such bimetallic nanoclusters to some extent even at temperatures much lower than that of bulk alloying. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra clearly reveal two different absorption behaviors: one is ascribed to non-isolated Ni 2+ clusters surrounded by either silver or iron giving rise to a broad signal, other (very narrow signal) being due to the isolated superparamagnetic Ni 2+ clusters or bimetallic alloy nanoclusters. Results obtained for Ni-Ag and Ni-Fe nanoclusters have been further compared with the behavior exhibited by pure Ni nanoclusters in polypyrrole host. Temperature dependent studies (at 300 and 77 K) of EPR parameters, e.g. linewidth, g-value, line shape and signal intensity indicating the significant influence of surrounding paramagnetic silver or ferromagnetic iron within polymer host on the EPR spectra have been presented.

Elementary martensitic transformation processes in Ni-rich NiTi single crystals with Ni4Ti3 precipitates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Michutta, J.; Somsen, Ch.; Yawny, A.; Dlouhy, A.; Eggeler, G.

2006-01-01

The present study shows that multiple-step martensitic transformations can be observed in aged Ni-rich NiTi single crystals. Ageing of solution-annealed and water-quenched Ni-rich NiTi single crystals results in a homogeneous precipitation of coherent Ni 4 Ti 3 particles. When the interparticle spacing reaches a critical value (order of magnitude: 200 nm), three distinct transformation processes are observed on cooling from the high-temperature phase using differential scanning calorimetry and in situ transmission electron microscopy. The transformation sequence begins with the formation of R-phase starting from all precipitate/matrix interfaces (first step). The transformation continues with the formation of B19' and its subsequent growth along all precipitate/matrix interfaces (second step). Finally, the matrix in between the precipitates transforms to B19' (third step). Elementary transformation mechanisms which account for two- and three-step transformations in a system with small-scale microstructural heterogeneities were identified

Low-field spin dynamics of Cr7Ni and Cr7Ni-Cu -Cr 7Ni molecular rings as detected by μ SR

Science.gov (United States)

Sanna, S.; Arosio, P.; Bordonali, L.; Adelnia, F.; Mariani, M.; Garlatti, E.; Baines, C.; Amato, A.; Sabareesh, K. P. V.; Timco, G.; Winpenny, R. E. P.; Blundell, S. J.; Lascialfari, A.

2017-11-01

Muon spin rotation measurements were used to investigate the spin dynamics of heterometallic Cr7Ni and Cr7Ni -Cu-Cr7Ni molecular clusters. In Cr7Ni the magnetic ions are arranged in a quasiplanar ring and interact via an antiferromagnetic exchange coupling constant J , while Cr7Ni -Cu-Cr7Ni is composed of two Cr7Ni linked by a bridging moiety containing one Cu ion, that induces an inter-ring ferromagnetic interaction J'≪J . The longitudinal muon relaxation rate λ collected at low magnetic fields μ0H BPP)-like heuristic fitting model that takes into account of a distribution of electronic spin characteristic times for T >5 K, while the shoulder presented by Cr7Ni can be reproduced by a BPP function that incorporates a single electronic characteristic time theoretically predicted to dominate for T <5 K. The flattening of λ (T ) in Cr7Ni -Cu-Cr7Ni occurring at very low temperature can be tentatively attributed to field-dependent quantum effects and/or to an inelastic term in the spectral density of the electronic spin fluctuations.

Reactive Ni/Ti nanolaminates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adams, D. P.; Bai, M. M.; Rodriguez, M. A.; McDonald, J. P.; Jones, E. Jr.; Brewer, L.; Moore, J. J.

2009-01-01

Nickel/titanium nanolaminates fabricated by sputter deposition exhibited rapid, high-temperature synthesis. When heated locally, self-sustained reactions were produced in freestanding Ni/Ti multilayer foils characterized by average propagation speeds between ∼0.1 and 1.4 m/s. The speed of a propagating reaction front was affected by total foil thickness and bilayer thickness (layer periodicity). In contrast to previous work with compacted Ni-Ti powders, no preheating of Ni/Ti foils was required to maintain self-propagating reactions. High-temperature synthesis was also stimulated by rapid global heating demonstrating low ignition temperatures (T ig )∼300-400 deg. C for nanolaminates. Ignition temperature was influenced by bilayer thickness with more coarse laminate designs exhibiting increased T ig . Foils reacted in a vacuum apparatus developed either as single-phase B2 cubic NiTi (austenite) or as a mixed-phase structure that was composed of monoclinic B19 ' NiTi (martensite), hexagonal NiTi 2 , and B2 NiTi. Single-phase, cubic B2 NiTi generally formed when the initial bilayer thickness was made small.

Electronic structure of Ni-- and Ni2--ethylene cluster complexes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Basch, H.; Newton, M.D.; Moskowitz, J.W.

1978-01-01

The electronic structure of metal cluster--ethylene complexes has been investigated by carrying out ab initio bonding pair-correlated, self-consistent field, and configuration interaction (CI) calculations on the NiC 2 H 4 and Ni 2 C 2 H 4 species. The π-NiC 2 H 4 and π-Ni 2 C 2 H 4 cluster complexes are found to be bound, the former only with CI, while disigma-Ni 2 C 2 H 4 has only a repulsive Ni 2 --C 2 H 4 ground state potential curve. The bonding in the π-type cluster complexes can be described as follows: The metal atom configuration is 3d 9 4s 1 with the 4s hybridized (by the metal 4p) away from the ethylene molecule, thereby allowing the π orbital to form a dative sigma bond with the metal atom. The bonding interaction is promoted by the presence of a second nickel atom behind the first one, leading to a 4s orbital electron deficiency of the bonded nickel atom and thus making this nickel atom a better electron acceptor. Back donation from the occupied metal 3d into the ethylene π* molecular orbital also takes place to some extent, and thus both features of the classical Dewar--Chatt--Duncanson model are observed. The π-Ni 2 C 2 H 4 species is analyzed in terms of the addition of a bare nickel atom to a π-NiC 2 H 4 cluster complex, with concomitant stabilization of the orbitals of the bonded nickel atom. A study of the excited electronic states of π-NiC 2 H 4 shows that low-lying 4s→π* and 3d→π* (M→L) charge transfer transitions are predicted. The former is not observed experimentally, probably due to the diffuse nature of the 4s orbital. The relationship between small cluster--ethylene complex systems and ethylene chemisorption on a nickel metal surface is discussed

Advantages and disadvantages of using non-coplanar techniques in radiotherapy of the abdomen formed 3D

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Urena Llinares, A.; Castro Ramirez, I.; Iborra Oquendo, M. A; Quinones Rodriguez, L. A.; Angulo Pain, E.

2011-01-01

3D Radiotherapy locations abdomen, especially in pancreas and stomach cancers is often extremely difficult if we are to meet the dose constraints to organs at risk due to proximity and many of these (liver, kidneys, intestines, lungs, bone. ..). Of these, the most critical are the kidneys, which also present values of tolerance, in most cases difficult to meet. This is done in our hospital are using non-coplanar techniques performing well both as coating PTV dose to both kidneys.

Effects of Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} and (Cu,Ni){sub 6}Sn{sub 5} intermetallic layers on cross-interaction between Pd and Ni in solder joints

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baek, Yong-Ho [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713 (Korea, Republic of); Division of Advanced Circuit Interconnect, Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-743 (Korea, Republic of); Chung, Bo-Mook [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713 (Korea, Republic of); Department of Research and Development, KPM TECH, Ansan 425-090 (Korea, Republic of); Choi, Young-Sik [Division of Advanced Circuit Interconnect, Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-743 (Korea, Republic of); Choi, Jaeho [Department of Advanced Metal and Materials Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 210-702 (Korea, Republic of); Huh, Joo-Youl, E-mail: jyhuh@korea.ac.kr [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713 (Korea, Republic of)

2013-12-05

Highlights: •Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} acts as a source of Ni atoms, leading to a strong cross-interaction with Pd. •(Cu,Ni){sub 6}Sn{sub 5} is an effective Ni diffusion barrier, inhibiting Pd resettlement. •Dissolution kinetics of (Pd,Ni)Sn{sub 4} was interpreted based on the Sn–Ni–Pd isotherm. •Cu addition to solder alleviates the (Pd,Ni)Sn{sub 4}-related risk of reliability deterioration. -- Abstract: We examined the effects of layers of intermetallic compound (IMC) Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} and (Cu,Ni){sub 6}Sn{sub 5} formed at the solder/Ni interface, on the cross-interactions between Pd and Ni during solid-state aging and reflow soldering. Two types of diffusion couples, Pd/Sn/Ni and Pd/Sn–Cu/Ni, were aged at 150 °C to study the solid-state interactions. In contrast to the Pd/Sn/Ni couples in which a Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4} layer formed at the Ni interface, the Pd/Sn–Cu/Ni couple where a (Cu,Ni){sub 6}Sn{sub 5} layer formed at the Ni interface exhibited no significant interaction between Pd and Ni. The (Cu,Ni){sub 6}Sn{sub 5} layer acted as an effective barrier against Ni diffusion and thus inhibited the resettlement of (Pd,Ni)Sn{sub 4} onto the Ni interface. For the interaction during reflow, Sn–3.5Ag and Sn–3.0Ag–0.5Cu solder balls were isothermally reflowed on an electroless Ni(P)/electroless Pd/immersion Au (ENEPIG) surface finish at 250 °C, and the dissolution kinetics of the (Pd,Ni)Sn{sub 4} particles converted from the 0.2-μm-thick Pd-finish layer were examined. The spalled (Pd,Ni)Sn{sub 4} particles very quickly dissolved into the molten solder when the IMC layer formed on the Ni substrate was (Cu,Ni){sub 6}Sn{sub 5} rather than Ni{sub 3}Sn{sub 4}. The dependence of the dissolution kinetics of the spalled (Pd,Ni)Sn{sub 4} particles on the IMC layers was rationalized on the basis of a Sn–Ni–Pd isotherm at 250 °C. The present study suggests that the formation of a dense (Cu,Ni){sub 6}Sn{sub 5} layer at the solder/Ni interface can effectively

Ultrathin NiO/NiFe2O4 Nanoplates Decorated Graphene Nanosheets with Enhanced Lithium Storage Properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Du, Dejian; Yue, Wenbo; Fan, Xialu; Tang, Kun; Yang, Xiaojing

2016-01-01

Highlights: • Ultrathin NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 nanoplates derived from NiFe layered double hydroxides are fabricated on the graphene. • NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 nanoplates on the graphene show superior electrochemical performance compared to pure NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 aggregates. • The effects of the content and the particle size/component of NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 on the electrochemical performances are studied. • Graphene-encapsulated NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 is prepared and shows slightly decreased performance compared to graphene-based composite. - Abstract: As anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, bicomponent metal oxide composites show high reversible capacities; but the morphology and particle size of the composites are hardly controllable, which may reduce their electrochemical properties. In this work, ultrathin NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 nanoplates with a diameter of 5 ∼ 7 nm and a thickness of ∼2 nm are controllably fabricated on the graphene derived from NiFe layered double hydroxides (NiFe-LDHs), and exhibit superior electrochemical performance compared to pure NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 aggregates without graphene. The nanosized NiO and NiFe 2 O 4 plates are separated from each other and the graphene substrate can prevent the aggregation of NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 as well as enhance the electronic conductivity of the composite, which is beneficial to improving the electrochemical performance. Moreover, the effects of the content and the particle size/component of NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 on the electrochemical performances are also studied in order to achieve optimal performance. Ultrathin NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 nanoplates are further encapsulated by graphene nanosheets and show slightly decreased performance compared to those supported by graphene nanosheets. The different electrochemical behaviors of graphene-containing composites may be attributed to the different interactions between graphene nanosheets and NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 nanoplates.

Properties of mechanically alloyed Mg-Ni-Ti ternary hydrogen storage alloys for Ni-MH batteries

Science.gov (United States)

Ruggeri, Stéphane; Roué, Lionel; Huot, Jacques; Schulz, Robert; Aymard, Luc; Tarascon, Jean-Marie

MgNiTi x, Mg 1- xTi xNi and MgNi 1- xTi x (with x varying from 0 to 0.5) alloys have been prepared by high energy ball milling and tested as hydrogen storage electrodes. The initial discharge capacities of the Mg-Ni-Ti ternary alloys are inferior to the MgNi electrode capacity. However, an exception is observed with MgNi 0.95Ti 0.05, which has an initial discharge capacity of 575 mAh/g compared to 522 mAh/g for the MgNi electrode. The Mg-Ni-Ti ternary alloys show improved cycle life compared to Mg-Ni binary alloys with the same Mg/Ni atomic ratio. The best cycle life is observed with Mg 0.5Ti 0.5Ni electrode which retains 75% of initial capacity after 10 cycles in comparison to 39% for MgNi electrodes, in addition to improved high-rate dischargeability (HRD). According to the XPS analysis, the cycle life improvement of the Mg 0.5Ti 0.5Ni electrode can be related to the formation of TiO 2 which limits Mg(OH) 2 formation. The anodic polarization curve of Mg 0.5Ti 0.5Ni electrode shows that the current related to the active/passive transition is much less important and that the passive region is more extended than for the MgNi electrode but the corrosion of the electrode is still significant. This suggests that the cycle life improvement would be also associated with a decrease of the particle pulverization upon cycling.

Ni-P/Zn-Ni compositionally modulated multilayer coatings - Part 2: Corrosion and protection mechanisms

Science.gov (United States)

Bahadormanesh, Behrouz; Ghorbani, Mohammad

2018-06-01

The Ni-P/Zn-Ni compositionally modulated multilayer coatings CMMCs were electrodeposited from a single bath by switching the deposition current density. The corrosion resistance of the deposits was studied and compared with that of monolayers of Ni-P and Zn-Ni alloys via Tafel polarization, EIS and salt spray tests. Characterization of corrosion products by means of EDS and XRD revealed more details from the corrosion mechanism of the monolayers and multilayers. The corrosion current density of Ni-P/Zn-Ni CMMCs were around one tenth of Zn-Ni monolayer. The CMMC with incomplete layers performed lower polarization resistance and higher corrosion current density compared to the CMMC with complete layers. The electrical circuit that was proposed for modeling the corrosion process based on the EIS spectrum, proved that layering reduces the porosity and consequently improves the barrier properties. Although, layering of Zn-Ni layers with Ni-P deposits increased the time to red rust in salt spray test, the time for white rust formation decreased. The corrosion mechanism of both Zn-Ni and Ni-P (containing small amount of Zn) was preferential dissolution of Zn and the corrosion products were comprised of mainly Zn hydroxychloride and Zn hydroxycarbonate. Also, Ni and P did not take part in the corrosion products. Based on the electrochemical character of the layers and the morphology of the corroded surface, the corrosion mechanism of multilayers was discussed.

Small bowel obstruction in the virgin abdomen: time to challenge surgical dogma with evidence.

Science.gov (United States)

Ng, Yvonne Ying-Ru; Ngu, James Chi-Yong; Wong, Andrew Siang-Yih

2018-01-01

Although adhesions account for more than 70% of small bowel obstruction (SBO), they are thought to be less likely aetiologies in patients without previous abdominal surgery. Expedient surgery has historically been advocated as prudent management in these patients. Emerging evidence appears to challenge such a dogmatic approach. A retrospective analysis was performed in all SBO patients with a virgin abdomen admitted between January 2012 and August 2014. Patients with obstruction secondary to abdominal wall hernias were excluded. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, management strategy and pathology involved were reviewed. A total of 72 patients were included in the study. The majority of patients were males (66.7%), with a median age of 58 years (range: 23-101). Abdominal pain (97%) and vomiting (86%) were the most common presentations while abdominal distention (60%) and constipation (25%) were reported less frequently. Adhesions accounted for the underlying cause in 44 (62%) patients. Other aetiologies included gallstone ileus (n = 5), phytobezoar (n = 5), intussusception (n = 4), internal herniation (n = 4), newly diagnosed small bowel tumour (n = 3), mesenteric volvulus (n = 3), stricture (n = 3) and Meckel's diverticulum (n = 1). Twenty-nine (40%) patients were successfully managed conservatively while the remaining 43 (60%) underwent surgery. The intraoperative findings were in concordance with the preoperative computed tomography scan in 76% of cases. Adhesions remain prevalent despite the absence of previous abdominal surgery. Non-operative management is feasible for SBO in a virgin abdomen. Computed tomography scan can be a useful adjunct in discerning patients who may be treated non-operatively by elucidating the underlying cause of obstruction. © 2016 Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.

NiCo2S4 nanosheet-decorated 3D, porous Ni film@Ni wire electrode materials for all solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Saravanakumar, Balasubramaniam; Jayaseelan, Santhana Sivabalan; Seo, Min-Kang; Kim, Hak-Yong; Kim, Byoung-Suhk

2017-12-07

Wire type supercapacitors with high energy and power densities have generated considerable interest in wearable applications. Herein, we report a novel NiCo 2 S 4 -decorated 3D, porous Ni film@Ni wire electrode for high performance supercapacitor application. In this work, a facile method is introduced to fabricate a 3D, porous Ni film deposited on a Ni wire as a flexible electrode, followed by decoration with NiCo 2 S 4 as an electroactive material. The fabricated NiCo 2 S 4 -decorated 3D, porous Ni film@Ni wire electrode displays a superior performance with an areal and volumetric capacitance of 1.228 F cm -2 and 199.74 F cm -3 , respectively, at a current density of 0.2 mA cm -1 with a maximum volumetric energy and power density (E V : 6.935 mW h cm -3 ; P V : 1.019 W cm -3 ). Finally, the solid state asymmetric wire type supercapacitor is fabricated using the fabricated NiCo 2 S 4 -decorated 3D, porous Ni film@Ni wire as a positive electrode and N-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) as a negative electrode and this exhibits good areal and volumetric capacitances of C A : 0.12 F cm -2 and C V : 19.57 F cm -2 with a higher rate capability (92%). This asymmetric wire type supercapacitor demonstrates a low leakage current and self-discharge with a maximum volumetric energy (E V : 5.33 mW h cm -3 ) and power (P V : 855.69 mW cm -3 ) density.

The acceleration intermediate phase (NiS and Ni3S2) evolution by nanocrystallization in Li/NiS2 thermal batteries with high specific capacity

Science.gov (United States)

Jin, Chuanyu; Zhou, Lingping; Fu, Licai; Zhu, Jiajun; Li, Deyi; Yang, Wulin

2017-06-01

The intermediate phase of NiS2 is thought to be a bottleneck currently to improve the overall performance of Li/NiS2 thermal batteries because of its low conductivity and close formation enthalpy between NiS2 and the intermediate phase (NiS, Ni3S2, etc). For improving the discharge performances of Li/NiS2 thermal batteries, the nano NiS2 with an average size of 85 ± 5 nm is designated as a cathode material. The electrochemical measurements show that the specific capacity of nano NiS2 cathode is higher than micro NiS2. The nano NiS2 cathode exhibits excellent electrochemical performances with high specific capacities of 794 and 654 mAh g-1 at current density of 0.1 and 0.5 A cm-2 under a cut-off voltage of 0.5 V, respectively. These results show that the rapid intermediate phase evolution from the nanocrystallization can obviously enhance use efficiency of NiS2 and improve discharge performances of thermal batteries.

Valence electronic structure of Ni in Ni Si alloys from relative K X-ray intensity studies

Science.gov (United States)

Kalayci, Y.; Aydinuraz, A.; Tugluoglu, B.; Mutlu, R. H.

2007-02-01

The Kβ-to-Kα X-ray intensity ratio of Ni in Ni 3Si, Ni 2Si and NiSi has been determined by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique. It is found that the intensity ratio of Ni decreases from pure Ni to Ni 2Si and then increases from Ni 2Si to NiSi, in good agreement with the electronic structure calculations cited in the literature. We have also performed band structure calculations for pure Ni in various atomic configurations by means of linear muffin-tin orbital method and used this data with the normalized theoretical intensity ratios cited in the literature to estimate the 3d-occupation numbers of Ni in Ni-Si alloys. It is emphasized that investigation of alloying effect in terms of X-ray intensity ratios should be carried out for the stoichiometric alloys in order to make reliable and quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment in transition metal alloys.

Heavy metal environmental impact. Nickel (Ni); Impatto ambientale da metalli pesanti. Il Nichel (Ni)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bressa, G. [Padua Univ. Padua (Italy). Dipt. di Farmacologia, Lab. di Tossicologia

2001-02-01

Nickel (Ni) is a heavy metal in over 3.000 different alloys used to produce kitchen utensils, batteries, coins, etc.. Human extractive and industrial activities are therefore a cause for environmental dispersion of this metal into the biosphere. This shows how in urban areas car traffic and house-heating are the main sources of nickel pollution. Nickel is relatively non-toxic, such as iron, cobalt, copper and zinc; nevertheless prolonged inhalation of dust containing such compounds as Ni O or NiCl{sub 2} concurs in the outbreak of respiratory pathologies. The carcinogenic effect of such compounds as Ni S, Ni O and Ni(CO){sub 4} has been confirmed by experiments on laboratory animals. Ni potentially toxic concentrations, and as a consequence of potential environmental impact, are to be mainly found in populated areas where the main sources are represented by industries and landfills. [Italian] Il nichel (Ni) e' un metallo presente in oltre 3.000 differenti leghe che vengono utilizzate per la produzione di utensili da cucina, batterie, monete, ecc.. Le attivita' estrattive ed industriali dell'uomo sono quindi causa di una dispersione del metallo nella biosfera. Sono stati riscontrati elevati tassi di Ni nell'atmosfera di aree urbane. Cio' sta a dimostrare che nelle aree urbane il traffico automobilistico e il riscaldamento domestico sono le fonti principali di inquinamento da tale metallo. Il nichel e' relativamente atossico, analogamente a ferro, cobalto, rame e zinco, tuttavia l'inalazione protratta di polveri contenenti composti come il NiO o il NiCl{sub 2} contribuisce al manifestarsi di patologie dell'apparato respiratorio. E' stato confermato sperimentalmente su animali da laboratorio l'effetto cancerogeno di alcuni composti quali NiS, NiO e Ni(CO){sub 4}. Concentrazioni potenzialmente tossiche di Ni, e quindi di probabile impatto ambientale, sono maggiormente da ricercare nelle zone antropizzate dove le fonti

Positron annihilation studies in CeNiIn and LaNiIn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ray, R.; Giri, S.; Sen, M.; Nambissan, P.M.G.; Ghoshray, K.; Ghoshray, A.; Sen, P.

1997-01-01

Doppler broadened positron annihilation spectral lineshape (DBPAS) and positron lifetime measurements in the temperature range 18-280 K have been performed in CeNiIn and LaNiIn systems. The nature of the temperature variations of the lifetime in both systems is almost similar in the whole temperature range studied, whereas the nature of the temperature variation of the S parameter in CeNiIn is similar to that in LaNiIn except in the temperature region 18-40 K. For the former system there is a dip around 20 K in the S parameter versus temperature curve. The lifetime versus T curve in both systems could be explained by the thermal expansion of the lattice. The S parameter versus T curve in LaNiIn could also be attributed to the thermal expansion of the lattice, whereas in CeNiIn the above mentioned dip seems an extra feature of the thermal expansion of the lattice. To understand this low temperature behaviour other results on the same system have been discussed. (orig.)

Interacción familiar y desarrollo emocional en niños y niñas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gloria Cecilia Henao López

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En la presente investigación se tuvo como objetivo principal abordar los estilos de interacción de padres y madres de niños y niñas preescolares y su relación con el desarrollo emocional de sus hijos e hijas (235 niños y 169 niñas entre cinco y seis años de edad. Las dimensiones que se consideraron para evaluar el nivel emocional de los niños y niñas fueron: autorregulación, comprensión emocional, y empatía. Como primer aspecto describimos los tipos de interacción con sus hijos e hijas y el desarrollo emocional de los niños y niñas evaluados. Un segundo aspecto que se abordó, es el de explorar las asociaciones entre el estilo de interacción familiar y el desarrollo emocional infantil. El instrumento utilizado dirigido a los padres y madres fue la Escala de Identificación de Prácticas Educativas Familiares (PEF, versión española realizada por Alonso y Román; a los niños y niñas les aplicamos la evaluación del desempeño emocional (EDEI, que se construye como parte de esta investigación. Se trabajó con una muestra de 404 niños y niñas, y sus respectivos padres y madres. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación resaltan el estilo equilibrado como generador de conductas adecuadas y adaptativas en el niño o niña, al igual que rescata este estilo como el que más posibilita el nivel de comprensión emocional en los niños y niñas de nuestro estudio.

High-frequency permeability of electroplated CoNiFe and CoNiFe-C alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rhen, Fernando M.F.; McCloskey, Paul; O'Donnell, Terence; Roy, Saibal

2008-01-01

We have investigated CoNiFe and CoNiFe-C electrodeposited by pulse reverse plating (PRP) and direct current (DC) techniques. CoNiFe(PRP) films with composition Co 59.4 Fe 27.7 Ni 12.8 show coercivity of 95 A m -1 (1.2 Oe) and magnetization saturation flux (μ 0 M s ) of 1.8 T. Resistivity of CoNiFe (PRP) is about 24 μΩ cm and permeability remains almost constant μ r ' ∼475 up to 30 MHz with a quality factor (Q) larger than 10. Additionally, the permeability spectra analysis shows that CoNiFe exhibits a classical eddy current loss at zero bias field and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) when biased with 0.05 T. Furthermore, a crossover between eddy current and FMR loss is observed for CoNiFe-PRP when baised with 0.05 T. DC and PRP plated CoNiFe-C, which have resistivity and permeability of 85, 38 μΩ cm, μ r '=165 and 35 with Q>10 up to 320 MHz, respectively, showed only ferromagnetic resonance losses. The ferromagnetic resonance peaks in CoNiFe and CoNiFe-C are broad and resembles a Gaussian distribution of FMR frequencies. The incorporation of C to CoNiFe reduces eddy current loss, but also reduces the FMR frequency

Water dissociation on Ni(100) and Ni(111): Effect of surface temperature on reactivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seenivasan, H.; Tiwari, Ashwani K.

2013-01-01

Water adsorption and dissociation on Ni(100) and Ni(111) surfaces are studied using density functional theory calculations. Water adsorbs on top site on both the surfaces, while H and OH adsorb on four fold hollow and three fold hollow (fcc) sites on Ni(100) and Ni(111), respectively. Transition states (TS) on both surfaces are identified using climbing image-nudged elastic band method. It is found that the barrier to dissociation on Ni(100) surface is slightly lower than that on Ni(111) surface. Dissociation on both the surfaces is exothermic, while the exothermicity on Ni(100) is large. To study the effect of lattice motion on the energy barrier, TS calculations are performed for various values of Q (lattice atom coordinate along the surface normal) and the change in the barrier height and position is determined. Calculations show that the energy barrier to reaction decreases with increasing Q and increases with decreasing Q on both the surfaces. Dissociation probability values at different surface temperatures are computed using semi-classical approximation. Results show that the influence of surface temperature on dissociation probability on the Ni(100) is significantly larger compared to that of Ni(111). Moreover, on Ni(100), a dramatic shift in energy barrier to lower incident energy values is observed with increasing surface temperature, while the shift is smaller in the case of Ni(111)

Microporous Ni@NiO nanoparticles prepared by chemically dealloying Al{sub 3}Ni{sub 2}@Al nanoparticles as a high microwave absorption material

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pang, Yu; Xie, Xiubo; Li, Da [Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No.37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Chou, Wusheng [School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191 (China); Liu, Tong, E-mail: tongliu@buaa.edu.cn [Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No.37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191 (China)

2017-03-15

The Al{sub 3}Ni{sub 2}@Al nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared from Ni{sub 45}Al{sub 55} master alloy by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction method, and were subsequently dealloyed to produce porous Ni@NiO NPs of 36 nm. The pore size ranges from 0.7 to 1.6 nm, leading to large specific surface area of 69.5 m{sup 2}/g and big pore volume of 0.507 cc/g. The saturation magnetization (M{sub S}) and coercivity (H{sub C}) of the microporous Ni@NiO NPs are 11.5 emu/g and 5.2 Oe. They exhibit high microwave absorption performance with a minimum reflection coefficient (RC) of −86.9 dB and an absorption bandwidth of 2.6 GHz (RC≤−10 dB) at thickness of 4.5 mm. The enhanced microwave absorption properties are attributed to the synergistic effect of the magnetic Ni core and dielectric NiO shell, and the micropore architecture. The NPs with micropore morphology and core/shell structure open a new way to modify the microwave absorption performance. - Graphical abstract: The microporous Ni/NiO nanoparticles prepared by chemically dealloying Al{sub 3}Ni{sub 2}@Al NPs exhibit high microwave absorption intensity (−86.9 dB) and wide absorption bandwidth (2.6 GHz for RC≤−10 dB). - Highlights: • Microporous Ni/NiO nanoparticals were prepared by chemically dealloying method. • They possessed micropores of 0.7–1.6 nm with a surface area of 69.5 m{sup 2}/g. • They showed high microwave absorption intensity and wide absorption bandwidth. • Microwave absorption mechanism was explained by micropore and core/shell structures.

Thermal capture cross section for 58Ni (n,γ)59 Ni reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carbonari, A.W.; Pecequilo, B.R.S.

1989-01-01

The 58 Ni total thermal capture cross section was determined by suming the partial cross sections calculated for the primary transitions of the reaction 58 Ni (n,γ) 59 Ni. The primary transitions energies and intensities were determined from the 58 Ni thermal neutrons prompt gamma capture gamma rays spectrum in the 3.7 to 9.3 MeV region. The obtained value for the total cross section was 4.52 + 0.10b. (author) [pt

A Rare Case of Acute Abdomen: Perforation Secondary to Intramural Hematoma at Rectosigmoid Region

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Orhan Yagmurkaya

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Intramural hematoma is a clinical situation which is secondary to anticoagulant therapy. In this study, a chronic atrial fibrilation patient taking anticoagulant, had perforation at rectosigmoid region which was secondary to intramural hematoma, is presented. Our case was a eighty-three-year-old male presented with acute abdomen at emergency room. In computerized tomography, intraabdominal free air and hematoma at rectosigmoid region were seen. Due to these, the decision of immidiate exploration was made. This should be noted that intramural hematoma can emerge in patientd on anticoagulant theraphy without trauma. Additionally, it shold be considered that intramural hematoma can lead to lethal complication such as perforation.

Effective dose conversion coefficients for X-ray radiographs of the chest and the abdomen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lima, F.R.A. [Centro regional de Ciencias Nucleares, CRCN/CNEN, Rua Conego Barata, 999, Tamarineira, Recife, PE (Brazil); Kramer, R.; Vieira, J.W.; Khoury, H.J. [Departamento de Energia Nuclear, DEN/UFPE, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, PE (Brazil)]. E-mail: falima@cnen.gov.br

2004-07-01

The recently developed MAX (Male Adult voXel) and the FAXht (Female Adult voXel) head and trunk phantoms have been used to calculate organ and tissue equivalent dose conversion coefficients for X-ray radiographs of the chest and the abdomen as a function of source and field parameters, like voltage, filtration, field size, focus-to-skin distance, etc. Based on the equivalent doses to twenty three organs and tissues at risk, the effective dose has been determined and compared with corresponding data for others phantoms. The influence of different radiation transport codes, different tissue compositions and different human anatomies have been investigated separately. (Author)

Effective dose conversion coefficients for X-ray radiographs of the chest and the abdomen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lima, F.R.A.; Kramer, R.; Vieira, J.W.; Khoury, H.J.

2004-01-01

The recently developed MAX (Male Adult voXel) and the FAXht (Female Adult voXel) head and trunk phantoms have been used to calculate organ and tissue equivalent dose conversion coefficients for X-ray radiographs of the chest and the abdomen as a function of source and field parameters, like voltage, filtration, field size, focus-to-skin distance, etc. Based on the equivalent doses to twenty three organs and tissues at risk, the effective dose has been determined and compared with corresponding data for others phantoms. The influence of different radiation transport codes, different tissue compositions and different human anatomies have been investigated separately. (Author)

Niños y niñas como cuidadores familiares

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Rosa Estupiñán Aponte

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En el contexto familiar, el cuidado de otra persona por parte de niños y niñas constituye un terreno inexplorado tanto en su significado como en las implicaciones que podrían darse en el proceso. Aunque históricamente se ha asignado el cuidado familiar a las mujeres generando condiciones de inequidad, incrementada con los cambios sociales de los últimos tiempos, es necesario reconocer que en muchos hogares niños y niñas se han visto obligados a desempeñar esta labor sin la preparación ni las destrezas necesarias. Desde una perspectiva de género, el artículo busca evidenciar esta situación mediante la revisión de los abordajes que sobre el tema se han hecho en países de Europa y Norteamérica, así como el análisis de información obtenida a partir de las Encuestas de Hogares y Uso del Tiempo (EUT en algunos países de Latinoamérica. Se establece la forma como las problemáticas sociales inciden en las dinámicas, tipo de tareas y responsabilidades que deben asumir niños y niñas en los hogares, mostrando delgados límites entre la colaboración al interior de las familias, la transmisión cultural de roles y funciones y las actividades que podrían incidir negativamente en su crecimiento y el ejercicio de sus derechos.

Iodine capture by Hofmann-type clathrate Ni(II)(pz)[Ni(II)(CN)_4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Massasso, Giovanni; Long, Jerome; Haines, Julien; Devautour-Vinot, Sabine; Maurin, Guillaume; Larionova, Joulia; Guerin, Christian; Guari, Yannick; Grandjean, Agnes; Onida, Barbara; Donnadieu, Bruno

2014-01-01

The thermally stable Hofmann-type clathrate framework Ni(II)(pz)[Ni(II)(CN)_4] (pz = pyrazine) was investigated for the efficient and reversible sorption of iodine (I_2) in the gaseous phase and in solution with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1 mol of I_2 per 1 mol of Ni(II)pz)[Ni(II)(CN)_4] in solution. (authors)

Electrochemical properties of the ball-milled LaMg10NiMn alloy with Ni powders

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Yi; Wang Xin; Gao Xueping; Shen Panwen

2008-01-01

The electrochemical characteristics of the ball-milled LaMg 10 NiMn alloys with Ni powders were investigated. It was found that the ball-milled LaMg 10 NiMn + 150 wt.% Ni composite exhibited higher first discharge capacity and better cycle performance. By means of the analysis of electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), it was shown that the existence of manganese in LaMg 10 NiMn alloy increased the electrocatalytic activity due to its catalytic effect, and destabilized metal hydrides, and so reduced the hydrogen diffusion resistance. These contributed to the higher discharge capacity of the ball-milled LaMg 10 NiMn-Ni composite. According to the analytical results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), EIS and steady-state polarization (SSP) experiments, the inhibition of metal corrosion is not the main reason for the better cycle performance. The main reason is that the electrochemical reaction resistance of the ball-milled LaMg 10 NiMn-Ni composite is always lower than that of the ball-milled LaMg 10 Ni 2 -Ni composite because the former one contains manganese, which is a catalyst for the electrode reaction

Treatment of a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis that presented with acute abdomen and pneumoperitoneum: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Sang Hyun; Kim, Ki Hoon

2015-08-01

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a severe, life-threatening infection of the renal parenchyma and perinephric tissues. This condition is primarily encountered in patients with diabetes mellitus or ureteral obstruction, and is characterized by the production of intrarenal and perinephric gas. Emphysematous pyelonephritis is associated with a high degree of morbidity and a high mortality rate. A 72-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and renal calculi was referred to our emergency department following 6 days of abdominal pain. She suddenly developed pain in the entire abdomen, and was transferred. Physical examination was a distended abdomen with hypoactive bowel sounds. The tenderness was diffuse, but was most prominent in the right upper abdominal quadrant; moreover, rebound tenderness was noted. Laboratory tests revealed a white blood cell count of 4,480/mm(3), platelet count of 17,000/mm(3), creatinine level of 1.64 mg/dl, and serum glucose level of 603 mg/dl. Abdominal computed tomography indicated the presence of free air in the intraperitoneal cavity and right perirenal space, hydronephrosis of the right kidney, and stones in the right distal ureter. After 1 hour, the vital signs changed and she appeared to become drowsy. Therefore, the patient was transferred to the operation room for laparotomy. On exploration of the abdomen, 1.5 L of pus-colored fluid was removed. Although the abdominal viscera and pelvic organs were examined, hollow viscus perforation site could not be observed. Moreover, tissue necrosis and a perforation site were identified at the superior border of the right kidney. Thus, emphysematous pyelonephritis was diagnosed and she underwent right radical nephrectomy. After the surgery, the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit for postoperative management. Follow-up CT performed after 10 days showed fluid collection and hematoma at the nephrectomy site. Hence, percutaneous drainage was performed. Another

Development of the dentistry alloy Ni-Cr-Nb; Desenvolvimento de ligas odontologicas Ni-Cr-Nb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Souza, M.A.; Ramos, A.S.; Hashimoto, T.M., E-mail: mari_sou@hotmail.co [UNESP/FEG, Guaratingueta, SP (Brazil). Fac. de Engenharia. Dept. de Materiais e Tecnologia

2010-07-01

This work reports on the structural characterization of Ni-Cr-Mo and Ni-Cr-Nb alloys produced by arc melting. Samples were characterized by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and EDS analysis. Results indicated that the arc melting process was efficient to produce homogeneous structures in Ni-Cr-Mo and Ni-Cr-Nb alloys. The nickel dissolved large amounts of Cr, Mo and Nb, which was detected by EDS analysis and X-ray diffraction. The alloy containing molybdenum indicated the presence of structure based on Ni{sub SS}, while that the alloys containing niobium presented primary grains of Ni{sub SS} and precipitates formed by the simultaneous transformation of the Ni and Ni{sub 3}Nb phases. (author)

Utility of screening computed tomography of chest, abdomen and pelvis in patients after heart transplantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dasari, Tarun W.; Pavlovic-Surjancev, Biljana; Dusek, Linda; Patel, Nilamkumar; Heroux, Alain L.

2011-01-01

Introduction: Malignancy is a late cause of mortality in heart transplant recipients. It is unknown if screening computed tomography scan would lead to early detection of such malignancies or serious vascular anomalies post heart transplantation. Methods: This is a single center observational study of patients undergoing surveillance computed tomography of chest, abdomen and pelvis atleast 5 years after transplantation. Abnormal findings, included pulmonary nodules, lymphadenopathy and intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal masses and vascular anomalies such as abdominal aortic aneurysm. The clinical follow up of each of these major abnormal findings is summarized. Results: A total of 63 patients underwent computed tomography scan of chest, abdomen and pelvis at least 5 years after transplantation. Of these, 54 (86%) were male and 9 (14%) were female. Mean age was 52 ± 9.2 years. Computed tomography revealed 1 lung cancer (squamous cell) only. Non specific pulmonary nodules were seen in 6 patients (9.5%). The most common incidental finding was abdominal aortic aneurysms (N = 6 (9.5%)), which necessitated follow up computed tomography (N = 5) or surgery (N = 1). Mean time to detection of abdominal aortic aneurysms from transplantation was 14.6 ± 4.2 years. Mean age at the time of detection of abdominal aortic aneurysms was 74.5 ± 3.2 years. Conclusion: Screening computed tomography scan in patients 5 years from transplantation revealed only one malignancy but lead to increased detection of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Thus the utility is low in terms of detection of malignancy. Based on this study we do not recommend routine computed tomography post heart transplantation.

Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity for Water Splitting on NiO/Ni/Carbon Fiber Paper

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Ruoyu Zhang

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Large-scale growth of low-cost, efficient, and durable non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts for water splitting is crucial for future renewable energy systems. Atomic layer deposition (ALD provides a promising route for depositing uniform thin coatings of electrocatalysts, which are useful in many technologies, including the splitting of water. In this communication, we report the growth of a NiO/Ni catalyst directly on carbon fiber paper by atomic layer deposition and report subsequent reduction and oxidation annealing treatments. The 10–20 nm NiO/Ni nanoparticle catalysts can reach a current density of 10 mA·cm−2 at an overpotential of 189 mV for hydrogen evolution reactions and 257 mV for oxygen evolution reactions with high stability. We further successfully achieved a water splitting current density of 10 mA·cm−2 at 1.78 V using a typical NiO/Ni coated carbon fiber paper two-electrode setup. The results suggest that nanoparticulate NiO/Ni is an active, stable, and noble-metal-free electrocatalyst, which facilitates a method for future water splitting applications.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of sputter deposited Ni/Ni{sub 3}Al multilayer films at elevated temperature

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, Chao [Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai 200240 (China); Feng, Kai, E-mail: fengkai@sjtu.edu.cn [Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai 200240 (China); Li, Zhuguo, E-mail: lizg@sjtu.edu.cn [Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai 200240 (China); Lu, Fenggui; Huang, Jian; Wu, Yixiong [Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai 200240 (China)

2016-08-15

Highlights: • Ni/Ni{sub 3}Al multilayers are prepared by magnetron sputtering. • Both grain size and phase constitution of annealed Ni/Ni{sub 3}Al multilayers are dependent on individual layer thickness. • The hardness of annealed Ni/Ni{sub 3}Al multilayers varies with individual layer thickness and annealing temperature. • 40 nm Ni/Ni{sub 3}Al multilayer exhibits excellent hardness at elevated temperature. - Abstract: Nano-structured Ni/Ni{sub 3}Al multilayer was prepared by magnetron sputtering, with individual layer thicknesses h varying from 10 to 160 nm. The microstructure and hardness of Ni/Ni{sub 3}Al multilayer were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and nanoindentation. The results show that the hardness increases with decreasing h for as-deposited and 500 °C annealed multilayers. When annealed at 700 °C, the hardness approach a peak value at h = 40 nm with followed by softening at smaller h. The influence of individual layer thickness, grain size as well as formation of ordered Ni{sub 3}Al on strengthening mechanisms of Ni/Ni{sub 3}Al multilayers at elevated temperature are discussed.

Calculation of Gibbs energy of Zr-Al-Ni, Zr-Al-Cu, Al-Ni-Cu and Zr-Al-Ni-Cu liquid alloys based on quasiregular solution model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, H.Q.; Yang, Y.S.; Tong, W.H.; Wang, Z.Y.

2007-01-01

With the effects of electronic structure and atomic size being introduced, the mixing enthalpy as well as the Gibbs energy of the ternary Zr-Al-Cu, Ni-Al-Cu, Zr-Ni-Al and quaternary Zr-Al-Ni-Cu systems are calculated based on quasiregular solution model. The computed results agree well with the experimental data. The sequence of Gibbs energies of different systems is: G Zr-Al-Ni-Cu Zr-Al-Ni Zr-Al-Cu Cu-Al-Ni . To Zr-Al-Cu, Ni-Al-Cu and Zr-Ni-Al, the lowest Gibbs energy locates in the composition range of X Zr 0.39-0.61, X Al = 0.38-0.61; X Ni = 0.39-0.61, X Al = 0.38-0.60 and X Zr = 0.32-0.67, X Al = 0.32-0.66, respectively. And to the Zr-Ni-Al-Cu system with 66.67% Zr, the lowest Gibbs energy is obtained in the region of X Al = 0.63-0.80, X Ni = 0.14-0.24

Nonlinear image blending for dual-energy MDCT of the abdomen: can image quality be preserved if the contrast medium dose is reduced?

Science.gov (United States)

Mileto, Achille; Ramirez-Giraldo, Juan Carlos; Marin, Daniele; Alfaro-Cordoba, Marcela; Eusemann, Christian D; Scribano, Emanuele; Blandino, Alfredo; Mazziotti, Silvio; Ascenti, Giorgio

2014-10-01

The objective of this study was to compare the image quality of a dual-energy nonlinear image blending technique at reduced load of contrast medium with a simulated 120-kVp linear blending technique at a full dose during portal venous phase MDCT of the abdomen. Forty-five patients (25 men, 20 women; mean age, 65.6 ± 9.7 [SD] years; mean body weight, 74.9 ± 12.4 kg) underwent contrast-enhanced single-phase dual-energy CT of the abdomen by a random assignment to one of three different contrast medium (iomeprol 400) dose injection protocols: 1.3, 1.0, or 0.65 mL/kg of body weight. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and noise at the portal vein, liver, aorta, and kidney were compared among the different datasets using the ANOVA. Three readers qualitatively assessed all datasets in a blinded and independent fashion. Nonlinear blended images at a 25% reduced dose allowed a significant improvement in CNR (p < 0.05 for all comparisons), compared with simulated 120-kVp linear blended images at a full dose. No statistically significant difference existed in CNR and noise between the nonlinear blended images at a 50% reduced dose and the simulated 120-kVp linear blended images at a full dose. Nonlinear blended images at a 50% reduced dose were considered in all cases to have acceptable image quality. The dual-energy nonlinear image blending technique allows reducing the dose of contrast medium up to 50% during portal venous phase imaging of the abdomen while preserving image quality.

A Case Involving Needles in the Medulla Oblongata, Cervical Spinal Cord, and Abdomen.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Hao-Yu; Li, Da; Wu, Zhen; Zhang, Li-Wei; Zhang, Jun-Ting

2014-10-01

It is extremely rare to encounter intracranial foreign bodies caused by penetrating injuries other than gunshot wounds or low-velocity wounds. We present a case describing a 5-year-old girl with metallic foreign bodies in the medulla oblongata, cervical spinal cord, and abdomen. The foreign bodies may have been there and remained silent for several years until the patient developed nausea and vomiting that persisted for 3 months. A craniotomy and a laparotomy were performed after a thorough discussion. Five pieces of metallic foreign bodies were removed, and the patient had a good outcome. Despite the precarious location of the needles in the medulla oblongata and cervical spinal cord, this rare case supports the use of surgery to remove the foreign bodies.

SPLENIC INFARCTION: an intriguing and important cause of pain abdomen in high altitude

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P. K. Hota

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Patients with Sickle cell trait (SCT are usually asymptomatic. They are usually unaware of their condition unless they have a family history. There are specific situations, where these people suffer from the effects of sickle cell trait. Splenic syndrome at high altitude is one of the specific problems. It is usually seen after a patient with SCT has been inducted to high altitude like in case of mountaineers and military personnel deployed in high altitude warfare. Pain abdomen due to splenic infarction in individuals with SCT is one of the manifestations. These patients, if diagnosed in time, they can be spared from unnecessary surgical interventions. We present herewith our experience of splenic infarction due to SCT in high altitude and their management.

ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO DE LOS EFECTOS AGUDOS DE SESIONES DE ENTRENAMIENTO DE FUERZA CON CARGAS DEL 90 Y 30% 1 RM.

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Jorge Dopico Calvo

2010-10-01

Full Text Available En una medición inicial (Pretest se obtuvo la 1RM de 23 sujetos masculinos en el ejercicio press banca, así como la potencia y fuerza media aplicada al 90 y 30% de 1RM (PMED90, FMED90, PMED30, FMED 30. Posteriormente 11 sujetos (Gr90 llevaron a cabo 2 sesiones de entrenamiento con cargas del 90%, mientras los 12 sujetos restantes (Gr30 lo hacían con cargas del 30%. Inmediatamente finalizada cada una de las sesiones se valoraba nuevamente PMED90, FMED90, PMED30, FMED30. Una semana después de la finalización de los entrenamientos se efectuó un Postest. Los resultados mostraron una mejora estadísticamente significativa del rendimiento de Gr30 al final de cada una de las sesiones de entrenamiento, respecto a Pretest y Postest, con el 90% de 1RM, mientras que Gr90 obtuvo mejoras significativas con el 30% respecto a Pretest, pero no respecto a Postest.
PALABRAS CLAVE: fuerza, potencia, medición, efecto agudo.

Length-dependent corrosion behavior, Ni2+ release, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial ability of Ni-Ti-O nanopores anodically grown on biomedical NiTi alloy.

Science.gov (United States)

Hang, Ruiqiang; Liu, Yanlian; Bai, Long; Zhang, Xiangyu; Huang, Xiaobo; Jia, Husheng; Tang, Bin

2018-08-01

In the present work, nickel-titanium-oxygen nanopores with different length (0.55-114 μm) were anodically grown on nearly equiatomic nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy. Length-dependent corrosion behavior, nickel ion (Ni 2+ ) release, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial ability were investigated by electrochemical, analytical chemistry, and biological methods. The results show constructing nanoporous structure on the NiTi alloy improve its corrosion resistance. However, the anodized samples release more Ni 2+ than that of the bare NiTi alloy, suggesting chemical dissolution of the nanopores rather than electrochemical corrosion governs the Ni 2+ release. In addition, the Ni 2+ release amount increases with nanopore length. The anodized samples show good cytocompatibility when the nanopore length is covers the one (1-11 μm) that the nanopores showing favorable antibacterial ability. Consequently, the nanopores with length in the range of 1-11 μm are promising as coatings of biomedical NiTi alloy for anti-infection, drug delivery, and other desirable applications. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Structural Investigation of Fe-Ni-S and Fe-Ni-Si Melts by High-temperature Fluorescence XAFS Measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manghnani, Murli H.; Balogh, John; Hong Xinguo; Newville, Matthew; Amulele, G.

2007-01-01

Iron-nickel (Fe-Ni) alloy is regarded as the most abundant constituent of Earth's core, with an amount of 5.5 wt% Ni in the core based on geochemical and cosmochemical models. The structural role of nickel in liquid Fe-Ni alloys with light elements such as S or Si is poorly understood, largely because of the experimental difficulties of high-temperature melts. Recently, we have succeeded in acquiring Ni K-edge fluorescence x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra of Fe-Ni-S and Fe-Ni-Si melts and alloys. Different structural environment of Ni atoms in Fe-Ni-S and Fe-Ni-Si melts is observed, supporting the effect of light elements in Fe-Ni melts

Daño pulmonar agudo relacionado con la transfusión (Trali y Bartonelosis aguda

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Douglas López de Guimaraes

2006-07-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el caso de un varón de 22 años procedente de la periferia de la ciudad de Huaraz, Perú, que acude al Hospital "Victor Ramos Guardia" de Huaraz con un tiempo de enfermedad de 14 días, febril, pálido e ictérico, en el frotis de sangre periférica se encuentran formas bacilares de Bartonella bacilliformis en 99% de la lámina; se inicia tratamiento antibiótico con ceftriaxona y ciprofloxacino. Al día siguiente se le indica transfusión de dos paquetes globulares (puesto que tenía 6,2 g/dL de Hb, dos horas después presenta dolor toráxico, tos seca exigente, vómitos, dificultad respiratoria y cianosis, en la auscultación se encuentran roncantes y crepitantes, la radiografía de tórax muestra infiltrado alveolar difuso a predominio derecho. Es trasladado a la UCI donde recibe oxígeno con máscara de reservorio, dopamina, corticoides y se inicia el monitoreo hemodinámico; responde en forma satisfactoria, sale de alta con frotis negativo a Bartonella bacilliformis. Es el primer caso de daño pulmonar agudo relacionado con la transfusión (TRALI asociado con Bartonelosis aguda con cuadro clínico - radiológico y evolución compatible, es importante distinguir entre la complicación pulmonar debido a la sepsis grave por Bartonelosis aguda, que puede producir un cuadro clínico similar y el TRALI.

Structure of Ni-rich Ni--Cr--B--Si coating alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Knotek, O.; Lugscheider, E.; Reimann, H.

1975-01-01

The structures of quaternary, nickel-rich Ni--Cr--B--Si alloys were analyzed at a constant boron content of 10 at. percent and a temperature of 850 0 C. The composition range for silicide formation was determined. In these quaternary alloys, known binary nickel silicides, nickel and chromium borides, and the ternary silico-boride Ni 6 Si 2 B were confirmed. A new composition for the W 5 Si 3 -type phase in the Ni--B--Si system was proposed. (U.S.)

Caracterización de la calidad de sedimentos afectados por vertidos de petróleo: comparación entre casos de vertidos accidentales (impacto agudo) frente a derrames continuos (impacto crónico)

OpenAIRE

Morales Caselles, Carmen

2007-01-01

La tesis presenta un estudio integral para carácterizar la calidad de sedimentos de dos áreas dél litoral españól afectadas por vertidos¿ de hidrocarburos. A finales del 2002 el accidente del petrolero monocasco Prestige provocó un vertido de 63000 toneladas de fuel oil pesado que se esparció en manchas, más o menos compactas y que supuso un impacto agudo de contaminación provocando una de las "mareas negras' más dañinas de las ocurridas en Galicia en los, últimos años Por-otra parte, la Babi...

On the Ni-Ion release rate from surfaces of binary NiTi shape memory alloys