IkPas : Een definitieve breuk met het verleden?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bovens, R.H.L.M.; Schuitema, A.; P.M., Schmidt

2017-01-01

IkPas (‘No Thanks’) is a Dutch 30 or 40 days temporary alcohol abstinence challenge, aiming at alcohol awareness and changing habitual drinking behavior. Former effect evaluations show a significant decrease in alcohol use measured 6 months after finishing the challenge. In this study the authors

Ikääntyneiden liikunnan edistäminen : osastotunti Varsinais-Suomen sairaanhoitopiirin neurotoimialueelle

OpenAIRE

Mäkelä, Hannamari; Porema, Virve

2014-01-01

Suomessa yli 65-vuotiaiden ikäluokan osuus on kasvanut tasaisesti. Tilastokeskuksen ennusteen mukaan vuodesta 2000 vuoteen 2030 yli 65-vuotiaiden määrä tulee kasvamaan 78,7 prosenttia. Lakien ja asetusten pitäisi olla takaamassa ikääntyneille laadukkaita liikuntapalveluita, joilla turvataan toimintakyky ja sitä kautta parempi terveydentila. Tämän toiminnallisen opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli tuottaa osastotunti Varsinais-Suomen sairaanhoitopiirin neurotoimialueen osastoille. Osastotunnin ...

[Effect of down-regulation of IKs repolarization-reserve on ventricular arrhythmogenesis in a guinea pig model of cardiac hypertrophy].

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Hegui; Huang, Ting; Wang, Zheng; Ge, Nannan; Ke, Yongsheng

2018-04-28

To observe the changes of rapidly activated delayed rectifier potassium channel (IKr) and slowly activated delayed rectifier potassium channel (IKs) in cardiac hypertrophy and to evaluate the effects of IKr and IKs blocker on the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in guinea pigs with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).
 Methods: Guinea pigs were divided into a sham operation group and a left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) group. LVH model was prepared. Whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to record IKr and IKs tail currents in a guinea pig model with LVH. The changes of QTc and the incidence rate of ventricular arrhythmias in LVH guinea pigs were observed by using the IKr and IKs blockers.
 Results: Compared with cardiac cells in the control group, the interventricular septal thickness at end systole (IVSs), left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end systole (LVPWs), QTc interval and cell capacitance in guinea pigs with LVH were significantly increased (Pguinea pigs with LVH compared with the control guinea pigs. In contrast, IKs blocker produced modest increase in QTc interval in guinea pigs of control group with no increase in LVH animals. IKs blocker did not induce ventricular arrhythmias incidence in either control or LVH animals.
 Conclusion: The cardiac hypertrophy-induced arrhythmogenesis is due to the down-regulation 
of IKs.

Nintendo Wii-pelikonsolin käyttö ikääntyneiden tasapainon tukemisessa

OpenAIRE

Pere, Olli; Suihkonen, Juho; Kärkkäinen, Taneli

2017-01-01

Opinnäytetyömme tavoitteena oli lisätä tietoa Nintendo Wii-pelikonsolin käytöstä ikääntyneiden tasapainoharjoittelussa. Opinnäytetyössämme teimme kirjallisuuskatsauksen kokoamalla aiemmin tutkittua tietoa aiheesta. Selvittääksemme ikääntyneiden käyttökokemuksia tasapainoharjoittelusta Nintendo Wiipelikonsolilla, teimme palvelutalo Karpalokodilla aiheesta tapaustutkimuksen. Tapaustutkimukseen osallistui kolme 80-89-vuotiasta henkilöä. Aineiston tapaustutkimukseen keräsimme haastattelulla. ...

The Drosophila IKK-related kinase (Ik2 and Spindle-F proteins are part of a complex that regulates cytoskeleton organization during oogenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shaanan Boaz

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background IkappaB kinases (IKKs regulate the activity of Rel/NF-kappaB transcription factors by targeting their inhibitory partner proteins, IkappaBs, for degradation. The Drosophila genome encodes two members of the IKK family. Whereas the first is a kinase essential for activation of the NF-kappaB pathway, the latter does not act as IkappaB kinase. Instead, recent findings indicate that Ik2 regulates F-actin assembly by mediating the function of nonapoptotic caspases via degradation of DIAP1. Also, it has been suggested that ik2 regulates interactions between the minus ends of the microtubules and the actin-rich cortex in the oocyte. Since spn-F mutants display oocyte defects similar to those of ik2 mutant, we decided to investigate whether Spn-F could be a direct regulatory target of Ik2. Results We found that Ik2 binds physically to Spn-F, biomolecular interaction analysis of Spn-F and Ik2 demonstrating that both proteins bind directly and form a complex. We showed that Ik2 phosphorylates Spn-F and demonstrated that this phosphorylation does not lead to Spn-F degradation. Ik2 is localized to the anterior ring of the oocyte and to punctate structures in the nurse cells together with Spn-F protein, and both proteins are mutually required for their localization. Conclusion We conclude that Ik2 and Spn-F form a complex, which regulates cytoskeleton organization during Drosophila oogenesis and in which Spn-F is the direct regulatory target for Ik2. Interestingly, Ik2 in this complex does not function as a typical IKK in that it does not direct SpnF for degradation following phosphorylation.

Omaisten ja henkilökunnan välinen yhteistyö ikääntyneiden hoitokodissa

OpenAIRE

Komulainen, Jenni

2013-01-01

Omaisten ja henkilökunnan välistä yhteistyötä pidetään hyvin merkittävänä osana ikäihmisten hoitotyötä. Omaisten ja henkilökunnan välisen yhteistyön kehittäminen on jatkuvaa. Tein opinnäytetyön ikääntyneiden hoitokotiin. Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli kuvailla omaisten ajatuksia sekä toiveita yhteistyöstä henkilökunnan kanssa. Tavoitteena on kehittää omaisten ja henkilökunnan välistä yhteistyötä ikääntyneiden hoitokodeissa. Toteutin opinnäytetyön aineiston keruun haastattelemalla hoi...

Kosketuksen tarve jatkuu läpi elämän : osastotunti ikääntyneiden muistisairaiden seksuaalisuudesta

OpenAIRE

Viitanen, Milla; Kontkanen, Katja

2015-01-01

Opinnäytetyö toteutettiin toiminnallisena tutkimusmenetelmänä, jonka tarkoituksena oli tuottaa osastotunti ikääntyneiden muistisairaiden seksuaalisuuden tukemisesta erään pitkäaikaishoitopaikan henkilökunnalle. Opinnäytetyön tehtävinä oli selvittää, miten ikääntyminen ja muistisairaus vaikuttavat seksuaalisuuteen, kuinka seksuaalisuus saattaa näkyä pitkäaikaishoidossa sekä millaisia keinoja hoitohenkilökunnalla on kohdata ikääntyneen muistisairaan seksuaalisuus pitkäaikaishoidossa. Tutkim...

Inhibitory effects of psychotropic drugs on the acetylcholine receptor-operated potassium current (IK.ACh) in guinea-pig atrial myocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Okada, Muneyoshi; Watanabe, Shinya; Matada, Takashi; Asao, Yoko; Hamatani, Ramu; Yamawaki, Hideyuki; Hara, Yukio

2013-01-01

Influences of psychotropic drugs, six antipsychotics and three antidepressants, on acetylcholine receptor-operated potassium current (IK.ACh) were examined by a whole-cell patch clamp method in freshly isolated guinea-pig atrial myocyte. IK.ACh was induced by a superfusion of carbachol (CCh) or by an intracellular application of guanosine 5'-[thio] triphosphate (GTPγS). To elucidate mechanism for anticholinergic action, IC50 ratio, the ratio of IC50 for GTPγS-activated IK.ACh to CCh-induced IK.ACh, was calculated. Antipsychotics and antidepressants inhibited CCh-induced IK.ACh in a concentration-dependent manner. The IC50 values were as follows; chlorpromazine 0.53 μM, clozapine 0.06 μM, fluphenazine 2.69 μM, haloperidol 2.66 μM, sulpiride 42.3 μM, thioridazine 0.07 μM, amitriptyline 0.03 μM, imipramine 0.22 μM and maprotiline 1.81 μM. The drugs, except for sulpiride, inhibited GTPγS-activated IK.ACh with following IC50 values; chlorpromazine 1.71 μM, clozapine 14.9 μM, fluphenazine 3.55 μM, haloperidol 2.73 μM, thioridazine 1.90 μM, amitriptyline 7.55 μM, imipramine 7.09 μM and maprotiline 5.93 μM. The IC50 ratio for fluphenazine and haloperidol was close to unity. The IC50 ratio for chlorpromazine, clozapine, thioridazine, amitriptyline, imipramine and maprotiline was much higher than unity. The present findings suggest that the psychotropics studied suppress IK.ACh. Chlorpromazine, clozapine, thioridazine, amitriptyline, imipramine, maprotiline and sulpiride are preferentially acting on muscarinic receptor. Fluphenazine and haloperidol may act on G protein and/or potassium channel.

Director murrab pead : Kuidas peatada firma allakäik? / Mari Kooskora

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kooskora, Mari, 1969-

2008-01-01

Küsimusele, kuidas majandusliku languse ajal, mitmete tipptegijate lahkumise ja ajakirjanduse tekitatud negatiivse fooni tõttu peatada ettevõtte allakäik, vastavad MarkIT tegevjuht Andres Agasild ja Personalipunkt Extra tegevdirektor Piret Korol

VizieR Online Data Catalog: First analysis of the binary IK Boo (Kriwattanawong+, 2017)

Science.gov (United States)

Kriwattanawong, W.; Sanguansak, N.; Maungkorn, S.

2017-03-01

With new CCD observations of the W UMa type binary IK Boo, we present the first investigation of photometric parameters and orbital period change. The BVRc light curve fit shows that IK Boo is a W-type contact system with a mass ratio of q=1.146 and a shallow contact with a fill-out factor of f=2.22%. The orbital period decrease is found at a rate of -3.28x10-7d/yr, corresponding to a mass transfer from the more massive to the less massive component with a rate of -2.83x10-6M_ȯ/yr. The inner and outer critical Roche lobes will contract and cause the contact degree to increase. Therefore, IK Boo may evolve into a deeper contact system. Furthermore, a possible cyclic variation is found to have a period of 9.74yr, that could be explained by the light-travel time effect, due to the existence of a third companion in the system. (2 data files).

Yup'ik identity and socioeconomic status are associated with child consumption of traditional food and weight in rural Yup'ik communities.

Science.gov (United States)

Maurice, Anne-Claire; Philip, Jacques; Bersamin, Andrea

2017-05-25

In remote, Alaska Native communities, traditional foods remain a significant source of essential nutrients and appear to protect against the development of chronic diseases. Relatively low intake of traditional foods among Alaska Native children is therefore of concern. The aim of this study was to identify household and parental predictors of child traditional food (TF) consumption and weight in remote Yup'ik communities of Alaska. Children (10-18 years old) and parents in two communities (populations foods among children and parents was estimated from two-24 h recalls using NDS-R. Weight and height were measured and BMI calculated. Sociodemographic factors, including income and education, were collected from parents. A partial least square path modeling analysis and bootstrapping were performed to identify predictors of child TF consumption and weight. Parental intake of traditional foods, Yup'ik identity and income were positively associated with child intake of traditional foods. Further, parental intake of traditional foods predicted lower child BMI. Parental education was negatively associated with child traditional food intake and positively associated with child BMI. Findings suggest that interventions targeting parents may be an effective strategy to increase intake of traditional foods and improve diet quality among Alaska Native youth.

Using exploratory factor analysis of FFQ data to identify dietary patterns among Yup'ik people.

Science.gov (United States)

Ryman, Tove K; Austin, Melissa A; Hopkins, Scarlett; Philip, Jacques; O'Brien, Diane; Thummel, Kenneth; Boyer, Bert B

2014-03-01

An FFQ developed by the Center for Alaska Native Health Research for studies in Yup'ik people includes market foods and subsistence foods such as moose, seal, waterfowl and salmon that may be related to disease risk. Because the FFQ contains >100 food items, we sought to characterize dietary patterns more simply for use in ongoing pharmacogenomics studies. Exploratory factor analysis was used to derive a small number of 'factors' that explain a substantial amount of the variation in the Yup'ik diet. We estimated factor scores and measured associations with demographic characteristics and biomarkers. South-west Alaska, USA. Yup'ik people (n 358) aged ≥18 years. We identified three factors that each accounted for ≥10 % of the common variance: the first characterized by 'processed foods' (e.g. salty snacks, sweetened cereals); the second by 'fruits and vegetables' (e.g. fresh citrus, potato salad); and the third by 'subsistence foods' (seal or walrus soup, non-oily fish). Participants from coastal communities had higher values for the 'subsistence' factor, whereas participants from inland communities had higher values for the 'fruits and vegetables' factor. A biomarker of marine intake, δ 15N, was correlated with the 'subsistence' factor, whereas a biomarker of corn- and sugarcane-based market food intake, δ 13C, was correlated with 'processed foods'. The exploratory factor analysis identified three factors that appeared to reflect dietary patterns among Yup'ik based on associations with participant characteristics and biomarkers. These factors will be useful for chronic disease studies in this population.

Tasapaino- ja lihasvoimaharjoittelu liikkumisen tukena ikäihmisen arjessa : tasapainokouluun osallistuneen kokemus harjoittelun vaikutuksesta arjen toimintaan

OpenAIRE

Karivirta, Minka; Mikkonen, Tanja

2017-01-01

Väestön vanhetessa terveydenhuollossa pyritään ylläpitämään ja lisäämään ikäihmisen toimintakykyä. Toimintakyvyn kohentuminen parantaa elämänlaatua, lisää toimijuuden tunnetta ja tekee arjessa selviytymisestä turvallisempaa. Ikääntyminen näkyy fyysisen, psyykkisen ja sosiaalisen toimintakyvyn muutoksina. Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena on kuvailla arkivaikuttavuuden ilmenemistä Turun lääkinnällisen kuntoutuksen Tasapainokoulun ryhmämuotoiseen harjoitteluun osallistuvien kohdalla. Tutkimuksell...

Research reactor core conversion guidebook. V. 4: Fuels (Appendices I-K)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-04-01

Volume 4 consists of detailed Appendices I-K, which contain useful information on the properties, irradiation testing, and specifications and inspection procedures for fuels with reduced uranium enrichments. Summaries of these appendices can be found in Chapters 9-11 of Volume 1 of this guidebook. Refs, figs, tabs and samples

The first photometric investigation and orbital period variation analysis of the W UMa type binary IK Bootis

Science.gov (United States)

Kriwattanawong, Wichean; Sanguansak, Nuanwan; Maungkorn, Sakdawoot

2017-08-01

With new CCD observations of the W UMa type binary IK Boo, we present the first investigation of photometric parameters and orbital period change. The BVRc light curve fit shows that IK Boo is a W-type contact system with a mass ratio of q = 1.146 and a shallow contact with a fill-out factor of f = 2.22%. The orbital period decrease was found to be a rate of -3.28 × 10-7 d yr-1, corresponding to a mass transfer from the more massive to the less massive component with a rate of -2.83 × 10-6 M⊙ yr-1. The inner and outer critical Roche lobes will contract and cause the contact degree to increase. Therefore, IK Boo may evolve into a deeper contact system. Furthermore, a possible cyclic variation was found with a period of 9.74 yr, which could be explained by the light-travel time effect due to the existence of a third companion in the system.

Upregulation of SK3 and IK1 channels contributes to the enhanced endothelial calcium signaling and the preserved coronary relaxation in obese Zucker rats.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Belén Climent

Full Text Available Endothelial small- and intermediate-conductance KCa channels, SK3 and IK1, are key mediators in the endothelium-derived hyperpolarization and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and also in the modulation of endothelial Ca2+ signaling and nitric oxide (NO release. Obesity is associated with endothelial dysfunction and impaired relaxation, although how obesity influences endothelial SK3/IK1 function is unclear. Therefore we assessed whether the role of these channels in the coronary circulation is altered in obese animals.In coronary arteries mounted in microvascular myographs, selective blockade of SK3/IK1 channels unmasked an increased contribution of these channels to the ACh- and to the exogenous NO- induced relaxations in arteries of Obese Zucker Rats (OZR compared to Lean Zucker Rats (LZR. Relaxant responses induced by the SK3/IK1 channel activator NS309 were enhanced in OZR and NO- endothelium-dependent in LZR, whereas an additional endothelium-independent relaxant component was found in OZR. Fura2-AM fluorescence revealed a larger ACh-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in the endothelium of coronary arteries from OZR, which was inhibited by blockade of SK3/IK1 channels in both LZR and OZR. Western blot analysis showed an increased expression of SK3/IK1 channels in coronary arteries of OZR and immunohistochemistry suggested that it takes place predominantly in the endothelial layer.Obesity may induce activation of adaptive vascular mechanisms to preserve the dilator function in coronary arteries. Increased function and expression of SK3/IK1 channels by influencing endothelial Ca2+ dynamics might contribute to the unaltered endothelium-dependent coronary relaxation in the early stages of obesity.

Stress, coping, and well-being among the Yup'ik of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta: the role of enculturation and acculturation.

Science.gov (United States)

Wolsko, Christopher; Lardon, Cécile; Mohatt, Gerald V; Orr, Eliza

2007-02-01

To report on the relationships between cultural identity and stress, coping, and psychological well-being in Yup'ik communities. A quantitative self-administered questionnaire. A health and wellness survey was completed by a total of 488 Yup'ik participants (284 women and 204 men) from 6 rural villages in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta region. Respondents were fairly equally distributed across an age range of 14 to 94 (mean +/- SD = 38.50 +/- 17.18). Participants who reported living more of a Kass'aq way of life (greater acculturation) reported experiencing greater psychosocial stress, less happiness, and greater use of drugs and alcohol to cope with stress. Participants who reported identifying more with a traditional Yup'ik way of life reported greater happiness, more frequent use of religion and spirituality to cope with stress, and less frequent use of drugs and alcohol to cope with stress. In conjunction with previous research, the data strongly indicates that in general, Yup'ik people in the Y-K Delta tend to associate stress and negative health outcomes with the process of acculturation, and health and healing with the process of enculturation. Research that focuses on documenting the intrinsic strengths of indigenous worldviews may contribute to positive transformations in community health.

Modulation of KCNQ1 alternative splicing regulates cardiac IKs and action potential repolarization.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Hsiang-Chun; Rudy, Yoram; Po-Yuan, Phd; Sheu, Sheng-Hsiung; Chang, Jan-Gowth; Cui, Jianmin

2013-08-01

Slow delayed-rectifier potassium current (IKs) channels, made of the pore-forming KCNQ1 and auxiliary KCNE1 subunits, play a key role in determining action potential duration (APD) in cardiac myocytes. The consequences of drug-induced KCNQ1 splice alteration remain unknown. To study the modulation of KCNQ1 alternative splicing by amiloride and the consequent changes in IKs and action potentials (APs) in ventricular myocytes. Canine endocardial, midmyocardial, and epicardial ventricular myocytes were isolated. Levels of KCNQ1a and KCNQ1b as well as a series of splicing factors were quantified by using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The effect of amiloride-induced changes in the KCNQ1b/total KCNQ1 ratio on AP was measured by using whole-cell patch clamp with and without isoproterenol. With 50 μmol/L of amiloride for 6 hours, KCNQ1a at transcriptional and translational levels increased in midmyocardial myocytes but decreased in endo- and epicardial myocytes. Likewise, changes in splicing factors in midmyocardial were opposite to that in endo- and epicardial myocytes. In midmyocardial myocytes amiloride shortened APD and decreased isoproterenol-induced early afterdepolarizations significantly. The same amiloride-induced effects were demonstrated by using human ventricular myocyte model for AP simulations under beta-adrenergic stimulation. Moreover, amiloride reduced the transmural dispersion of repolarization in pseudo-electrocardiogram. Amiloride regulates IKs and APs with transmural differences and reduces arrhythmogenicity through the modulation of KCNQ1 splicing. We suggested that the modulation of KCNQ1 splicing may help prevent arrhythmia. Copyright © 2013 Heart Rhythm Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Co-expression of mCysLT1 receptors and IK channels in Xenopus laevis oocytes elicits LTD4-stimulated IK current, independent of an increase in [Ca2+]i

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wulff, Tune; Hougaard, Charlotte; Klaerke, Dan A

2004-01-01

did not result in any increase in [Ca2+]i. Even though activation of hIK by low concentrations of LTD4 was independent of an increase in [Ca2+]i, a certain "permissive" level of [Ca2+]i was required for its activation, since buffering of intracellular Ca2+ by EGTA completely abolished the response...

Küresel İklim Değişikliğinin Ekoloji Üzerine Etkileri

OpenAIRE

DURSUN, Sukru; KUNT, Fatma; OZTURK, Zeynep Cansu; VRENOZI, Blerina

2015-01-01

İklim özellikleri insan faaliyetleri ve küresel ekoloji, içinde bulunan ekosistemi sınırlayıcı etkilere sahiptir. İklim değişikliği, kuraklık, sel şiddeti ve sıklığındaki değişiklikler; su kaynağı; hava, toprak ve su kalitesi; Ekosistem sağlığı; insan sağlığı; kaynak kullanımı ve ekonomi üzerinde etkilere sahiptir. İklim değişikliği birden faklı yol aracılığıyla etki edebilir; küresel ekosistem üzerinde etkileşimleri ve farklı yollarla etkileri olabilir. Ekosistem ortamında, arazi kullanımı d...

Thermal adaptation of the crucian carp (Carassius carassius) cardiac delayed rectifier current, IKs, by homomeric assembly of Kv7.1 subunits without MinK.

Science.gov (United States)

Hassinen, Minna; Laulaja, Salla; Paajanen, Vesa; Haverinen, Jaakko; Vornanen, Matti

2011-07-01

Ectothermic vertebrates experience acute and chronic temperature changes which affect cardiac excitability and may threaten electrical stability of the heart. Nevertheless, ectothermic hearts function over wide range of temperatures without cardiac arrhythmias, probably due to special molecular adaptations. We examine function and molecular basis of the slow delayed rectifier K(+) current (I(Ks)) in cardiac myocytes of a eurythermic fish (Carassius carassius L.). I(Ks) is an important repolarizing current that prevents excessive prolongation of cardiac action potential, but it is extremely slowly activating when expressed in typical molecular composition of the endothermic animals. Comparison of the I(Ks) of the crucian carp atrial myocytes with the currents produced by homomeric K(v)7.1 and heteromeric K(v)7.1/MinK channels in Chinese hamster ovary cells indicates that activation kinetics and pharmacological properties of the I(Ks) are similar to those of the homomeric K(v)7.1 channels. Consistently with electrophysiological properties and homomeric K(v)7.1 channel composition, atrial transcript expression of the MinK subunit is only 1.6-1.9% of the expression level of the K(v)7.1 subunit. Since activation kinetics of the homomeric K(v)7.1 channels is much faster than activation of the heteromeric K(v)7.1/MinK channels, the homomeric K(v)7.1 composition of the crucian carp cardiac I(Ks) is thermally adaptive: the slow delayed rectifier channels can open despite low body temperatures and curtail the duration of cardiac action potential in ectothermic crucian carp. We suggest that the homomeric K(v)7.1 channel assembly is an evolutionary thermal adaptation of ectothermic hearts and the heteromeric K(v)7.1/MinK channels evolved later to adapt I(Ks) to high body temperature of endotherms.

Block of the delayed rectifier current (IK) by the 5-HT3 antagonists ondansetron and granisetron in feline ventricular myocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

de Lorenzi, F G; Bridal, T R; Spinelli, W

1994-01-01

1. We investigated the effects of two 5-HT3 antagonists, ondansetron and granisetron, on the action potential duration (APD) and the delayed rectifier current (IK) of feline isolated ventricular myocytes. Whole-cell current and action potential recordings were performed at 37 degrees C with the patch clamp technique. 2. Ondansetron and granisetron blocked IK with a KD of 1.7 +/- 1.0 and 4.3 +/- 1.7 microM, respectively. At a higher concentration (30 microM), both drugs blocked the inward rectifier (IKl). 3. The block of IK was dependent on channel activation. Both drugs slowed the decay of IK tail currents and produced a crossover with the pre-drug current trace. These results are consistent with block and unblock from the open state of the channel. 4. Granisetron showed an intrinsic voltage-dependence as the block increased with depolarization. The equivalent voltage-dependency of block (delta) was 0.10 +/- 0.04, suggesting that granisetron blocks from the intracellular side at a binding site located 10% across the transmembrane electrical field. 5. Ondansetron (1 microM) and granisetron (3 microM) prolonged APD by about 30% at 0.5 Hz. The prolongation of APD by ondansetron was abolished at faster frequencies (3 Hz) showing reverse rate dependence. 6. In conclusion, the 5-HT3 antagonists, ondansetron and granisetron, are open state blockers of the ventricular delayed rectifier and show a clear class III action. PMID:7834204

Effect of the SK/IK channel modulator 4,5-dichloro-1,3-diethyl-1,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-2-one (NS4591) on contractile force in rat, pig and human detrusor smooth muscle

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Jens Steen; Rode, Frederik; Rahbek, Mette

2011-01-01

• To investigate the importance of small (SK)- and intermediate (IK)-conductance Ca2(+) -activated K(+) channels on bladder function, by studying the effects of 4,5-dichloro-1,3-diethyl-1,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-2-one (NS4591), a new modulator of SK/IK channels, on contractions induced by electri......• To investigate the importance of small (SK)- and intermediate (IK)-conductance Ca2(+) -activated K(+) channels on bladder function, by studying the effects of 4,5-dichloro-1,3-diethyl-1,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-2-one (NS4591), a new modulator of SK/IK channels, on contractions induced...

The millimeter IRAM-30 m line survey toward IK Tauri

Science.gov (United States)

Velilla Prieto, L.; Sánchez Contreras, C.; Cernicharo, J.; Agúndez, M.; Quintana-Lacaci, G.; Bujarrabal, V.; Alcolea, J.; Balança, C.; Herpin, F.; Menten, K. M.; Wyrowski, F.

2017-01-01

Aims: We aim to investigate the physical and chemical properties of the molecular envelope of the oxygen-rich AGB star IK Tau. Methods: We carried out a millimeter wavelength line survey between 79 and 356 GHz with the IRAM-30 m telescope. We analysed the molecular lines detected in IK Tau using the population diagram technique to derive rotational temperatures and column densities. We conducted a radiative transfer analysis of the SO2 lines, which also helped us to verify the validity of the approximated method of the population diagram for the rest of the molecules. Results: For the first time in this source we detected rotational lines in the ground vibrational state of HCO+, NS, NO, and H2CO, as well as several isotopologues of molecules previously identified, namely, C18O, Si17O, Si18O, 29SiS, 30SiS, Si34S, H13CN, 13CS, C34S, H234S, 34SO, and 34SO2. We also detected several rotational lines in vibrationally excited states of SiS and SiO isotopologues, as well as rotational lines of H2O in the vibrationally excited state ν2 = 2. We have also increased the number of rotational lines detected of molecules that were previously identified toward IK Tau, including vibrationally excited states, enabling a detailed study of the molecular abundances and excitation temperatures. In particular, we highlight the detection of NS and H2CO with fractional abundances of f(NS) 10-8 and f(H2CO) [10-7-10-8]. Most of the molecules display rotational temperatures between 15 and 40 K. NaCl and SiS isotopologues display rotational temperatures higher than the average ( 65 K). In the case of SO2 a warm component with Trot 290 K is also detected. Conclusions: With a total of 350 lines detected of 34 different molecular species (including different isotopologues), IK Tau displays a rich chemistry for an oxygen-rich circumstellar envelope. The detection of carbon bearing molecules like H2CO, as well as the discrepancies found between our derived abundances and the predictions from

Disseminating research in rural Yup’ik communities: challenges and ethical considerations in moving from discovery to intervention development

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inna Rivkin

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Background. The native people of Alaska have experienced historical trauma and rapid changes in culture and lifestyle patterns. As a consequence, these populations shoulder a disproportionately high burden of psychological stress. The Yup’ik Experiences of Stress and Coping project originated from rural Yup’ik communities’ concerns about stress and its effects on health. It aimed to understand the stressful experiences that affect Yup’ik communities, to identify coping strategies used to deal with these stressors and to inform culturally responsive interventions. Objectives. Here, we examine the process of moving from research (gaining understanding to disseminating project findings to translation into intervention priorities. We highlight the importance of community participation and discuss challenges encountered, strategies to address these challenges and ethical considerations for responsible intervention research with indigenous communities that reflect their unique historical and current socio-cultural realities. Design. Community-wide presentations and discussions of research findings on stress and coping were followed by smaller Community Planning Group meetings. During these meetings, community members contextualized project findings and discussed implications for interventions. This process placed priority on community expertise in interpreting findings and translating results and community priorities into grant applications focused on intervention development and evaluation. Results. Challenges included translation between English and Yup’ik, funding limitations and uncertainties, and the long timelines involved in moving from formative research to intervention in the face of urgent and evolving community needs. The lack of congruence between institutional and community worldviews in the intervention research enterprise highlights the need for “principled cultural sensitivity”. Conclusions. Cultural sensitivity requires

A grammar of Ik (Icé-tód) : Northeast Uganda's last thriving Kuliak language

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schrock, Terrill B.

2014-01-01

The Ik language (Icé-tód), spoken in northeast Uganda, forms the Kuliak (Rub) subgroup along with So/Tepeth and Nyang’í. These latter two lects have already succombed to assimilative pressures from neighboring Nilotic pastoralists like the Karimojong, Turkana, and Pokot. Despite

Activation of human IK and SK Ca2+ -activated K+ channels by NS309 (6,7-dichloro-1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-oxime)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Strøbaek, Dorte; Teuber, Lene; Jørgensen, Tino D

2004-01-01

We have identified and characterized the compound NS309 (6,7-dichloro-1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-oxime) as a potent activator of human Ca2+ -activated K+ channels of SK and IK types, whereas it is devoid of effect on BK type channels. IK- and SK-channels have previously been reported to be activated...

Creating Qungasvik (a Yup'ik intervention "toolbox"): case examples from a community-developed and culturally-driven intervention.

Science.gov (United States)

Rasmus, Stacy M; Charles, Billy; Mohatt, Gerald V

2014-09-01

This paper describes the development of a Yup'ik Alaska Native approach to suicide and alcohol abuse prevention that resulted in the creation of the Qungasvik, a toolbox promoting reasons for life and sobriety among youth. The Qungasvik is made up of thirty-six modules that function as cultural scripts for creating experiences in Yup'ik communities that build strengths and protection against suicide and alcohol abuse. The Qungasvik manual represents the results of a community based participatory research intervention development process grounded in culture and local process, and nurtured through a syncretic blending of Indigenous and Western theories and practices. This paper will provide a description of the collaborative steps taken at the community-level to develop the intervention modules. This process involved university researchers and community members coming together and drawing from multiple sources of data and knowledge to inform the development of prevention activities addressing youth suicide and alcohol abuse. We will present case examples describing the development of three keystone modules; Qasgiq (The Men's House), Yup'ik Kinship Terms, and Surviving Your Feelings. These modules each are representative of the process that the community co-researcher team took to develop and implement protective experiences that: (1) create supportive community, (2) strengthen families, and (3) give individuals tools to be healthy and strong.

Identification of novel mazEF/pemIK family toxin-antitoxin loci and their distribution in the Staphylococcus genus.

Science.gov (United States)

Bukowski, Michal; Hyz, Karolina; Janczak, Monika; Hydzik, Marcin; Dubin, Grzegorz; Wladyka, Benedykt

2017-10-18

The versatile roles of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems in bacterial physiology and pathogenesis have been investigated for more than three decades. Diverse TA loci in Bacteria and Archaea have been identified in genome-wide studies. The advent of massive parallel sequencing has substantially expanded the number of known bacterial genomic sequences over the last 5 years. In staphylococci, this has translated into an impressive increase from a few tens to a several thousands of available genomes, which has allowed us for the re-evalution of prior conclusions. In this study, we analysed the distribution of mazEF/pemIK family TA system operons in available staphylococcal genomes and their prevalence in mobile genetic elements. 10 novel m azEF/pemIK homologues were identified, each with a corresponding toxin that plays a potentially different and undetermined physiological role. A detailed characterisation of these TA systems would be exceptionally useful. Of particular interest are those associated with an SCCmec mobile genetic element (responsible for multidrug resistance transmission) or representing the joint horizontal transfer of TA systems and determinants of vancomycin resistance from enterococci. The involvement of TA systems in maintaining mobile genetic elements and the associations between novel mazEF/pemIK loci and those which carry drug resistance genes highlight their potential medical importance.

Creating Qungasvik (A Yup’ik Intervention “Toolbox”): Case Examples from a Community-Developed and Culturally-Driven Intervention

Science.gov (United States)

Rasmus, Stacy M.; Charles, Billy; Mohatt, Gerald V.

2014-01-01

This paper describes the development of a Yup’ik Alaska Native approach to suicide and alcohol abuse prevention that resulted in the creation of the Qungasvik, a toolbox promoting reasons for life and sobriety among youth. The Qungasvik is made up of thirty-six modules that function as cultural scripts for creating experiences in Yup’ik communities that build strengths and protection against suicide and alcohol abuse. The Qungasvik manual represents the results of a community based participatory research intervention development process grounded in culture and local process, and nurtured through a syncretic blending of Indigenous and Western theories and practices. This paper will provide a description of the collaborative steps taken at the community-level to develop the intervention modules. This process involved university researchers and community members coming together and drawing from multiple sources of data and knowledge to inform the development of prevention activities addressing youth suicide and alcohol abuse. We will present case examples describing the development of three keystone modules; Qasgiq (The Men’s House), Yup’ik Kinship Terms, and Surviving Your Feelings. These modules each are representative of the process that the community co-researcher team took to develop and implement protective experiences that: (1) create supportive community, (2) strengthen families, and (3) give individuals tools to be healthy and strong. PMID:24764018

Fatty acid analogue N-arachidonoyl taurine restores function of IKs channels with diverse long QT mutations

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Liin, Sara I; Larsson, Johan E; Barro-Soria, Rene

2016-01-01

. Finally, we find that the fatty acid analogue N-arachidonoyl taurine restores channel gating of many different mutant channels, even though the mutations are in different domains of the IKs channel and affect the channel by different molecular mechanisms. N-arachidonoyl taurine is therefore an interesting...

Domain-domain interactions determine the gating, permeation, pharmacology, and subunit modulation of the IKs ion channel.

Science.gov (United States)

Zaydman, Mark A; Kasimova, Marina A; McFarland, Kelli; Beller, Zachary; Hou, Panpan; Kinser, Holly E; Liang, Hongwu; Zhang, Guohui; Shi, Jingyi; Tarek, Mounir; Cui, Jianmin

2014-12-23

Voltage-gated ion channels generate electrical currents that control muscle contraction, encode neuronal information, and trigger hormonal release. Tissue-specific expression of accessory (β) subunits causes these channels to generate currents with distinct properties. In the heart, KCNQ1 voltage-gated potassium channels coassemble with KCNE1 β-subunits to generate the IKs current (Barhanin et al., 1996; Sanguinetti et al., 1996), an important current for maintenance of stable heart rhythms. KCNE1 significantly modulates the gating, permeation, and pharmacology of KCNQ1 (Wrobel et al., 2012; Sun et al., 2012; Abbott, 2014). These changes are essential for the physiological role of IKs (Silva and Rudy, 2005); however, after 18 years of study, no coherent mechanism explaining how KCNE1 affects KCNQ1 has emerged. Here we provide evidence of such a mechanism, whereby, KCNE1 alters the state-dependent interactions that functionally couple the voltage-sensing domains (VSDs) to the pore.

Domain–domain interactions determine the gating, permeation, pharmacology, and subunit modulation of the IKs ion channel

Science.gov (United States)

Zaydman, Mark A; Kasimova, Marina A; McFarland, Kelli; Beller, Zachary; Hou, Panpan; Kinser, Holly E; Liang, Hongwu; Zhang, Guohui; Shi, Jingyi; Tarek, Mounir; Cui, Jianmin

2014-01-01

Voltage-gated ion channels generate electrical currents that control muscle contraction, encode neuronal information, and trigger hormonal release. Tissue-specific expression of accessory (β) subunits causes these channels to generate currents with distinct properties. In the heart, KCNQ1 voltage-gated potassium channels coassemble with KCNE1 β-subunits to generate the IKs current (Barhanin et al., 1996; Sanguinetti et al., 1996), an important current for maintenance of stable heart rhythms. KCNE1 significantly modulates the gating, permeation, and pharmacology of KCNQ1 (Wrobel et al., 2012; Sun et al., 2012; Abbott, 2014). These changes are essential for the physiological role of IKs (Silva and Rudy, 2005); however, after 18 years of study, no coherent mechanism explaining how KCNE1 affects KCNQ1 has emerged. Here we provide evidence of such a mechanism, whereby, KCNE1 alters the state-dependent interactions that functionally couple the voltage-sensing domains (VSDs) to the pore. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03606.001 PMID:25535795

Oxygen-rich Mass Loss with a Pinch of Salt: NaCl in the Circumstellar Gas of IK Tauri and VY Canis Majoris

Science.gov (United States)

Milam, S. N.; Apponi, A. J.; Woolf, N. J.; Ziurys, L. M.

2007-10-01

The NaCl molecule has been observed in the circumstellar envelopes of VY Canis Majoris (VY CMa) and IK Tauri (IK Tau)-the first identifications of a metal refractory in oxygen-rich shells of evolved stars. Five rotational transitions of NaCl at 1 and 2 mm were detected toward VY CMa and three 1 mm lines were observed toward IK Tau, using the telescopes of the Arizona Radio Observatory. In both objects, the line widths of the NaCl profiles were extremely narrow relative to those of other molecules, indicating that sodium chloride has not reached the terminal outflow velocity in either star, likely a result of early condensation onto grains. Modeling the observed spectra suggests abundances, relative to H2, of f~5×10-9 in VY CMa and f~4×10-9 in IK Tau, with source sizes of 0.5" and 0.3", respectively. The extent of these sources is consistent with the size of the dust acceleration zones in both stars. NaCl therefore appears to be at least as abundant in O-rich shells as compared to C-rich envelopes, where f~(0.2-2)×10-9, although it appears to condense out earlier in the O-rich case. Chemical equilibrium calculations indicate that NaCl is the major carrier of sodium at T~1100 K for oxygen-rich stars, with predicted fractional abundances in good agreement with the observations. These measurements suggest that crystalline salt may be an important condensate for sodium in both C- and O-rich circumstellar shells.

Kotiharjoitteluopas leikki-ikäisille vaikea-asteista osteogenesis imperfectaa sairastaville lapsille : tueksi vanhemmille

OpenAIRE

Collins, Siri-Ilona; Ojanperä, Hanne; Rautakorpi, Marianne

2014-01-01

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) on perinnöllinen luustohauraussairaus, jonka oireisiin kuuluu luiden herkkä murtuma-alttius, kasvuhäiriöt ja luiden epämuodostumat. Tyypillisin oire on herkkä murtuma-alttius, joka vaihtelee lievästä vaikeaan. Sairauden seurauksena lapsen motorinen kehitys usein viivästyy. Opinnäytetyömme tarkoituksena on kuvata vaikea-asteista osteogenesis imperfectaa sairastavan leikki-ikäisen lapsen kotiharjoittelun tarve osana kuntoutusta sekä lisätä vanhempien tietoisuut...

Calmodulin is essential for cardiac IKS channel gating and assembly: impaired function in long-QT mutations

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Shamgar, Liora; Ma, Lijuan; Schmitt, Nicole

2006-01-01

The slow IKS K+ channel plays a major role in repolarizing the cardiac action potential and consists of the assembly of KCNQ1 and KCNE1 subunits. Mutations in either KCNQ1 or KCNE1 genes produce the long-QT syndrome, a life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia. Here, we show that long-QT mutations ...

Sumoylation of IkB attenuates NF-kB-induced nitrosative stress at rostral ventrolateral medulla and cardiovascular depression in experimental brain death.

Science.gov (United States)

Tsai, Ching-Yi; Li, Faith C H; Wu, Carol H Y; Chang, Alice Y W; Chan, Samuel H H

2016-09-22

Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) is a group of proteins that participates in post-translational modifications. One known SUMO target is the transcription factor nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) that plays a pivotal role in many disease processes; sumoylation inactivates NF-kB by conjugation with inhibitors of NF-kB (IkB). Our laboratory demonstrated previously that transcriptional upregulation of nitric oxide synthase II (NOS II) by NF-kB, leading to nitrosative stress by the formation of peroxynitrite in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), underpins the defunct brain stem cardiovascular regulation that precedes brain death. Based on an experimental endotoxemia model, this study evaluated the hypothesis that sumoylation plays a pro-life role in brain death by interacting with the NF-kB/NOS II/peroxynitrite signaling pathway in the RVLM. In Sprague-Dawley rats, intravenous administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 mg kg -1 ) elicited an augmentation of SUMO-1 and ubiquitin-conjugase 9 (Ubc9) mRNA or protein levels, alongside SUMO-1-conjugated proteins in the RVLM. Immunoneutralization of SUMO-1 or Ubc9 in the RVLM significantly potentiated the already diminished sumoylation of IkBα and intensified NF-kB activation and NOS II/peroxynitrite expression in this brain stem substrate, together with exacerbated fatality, cardiovascular depression and reduction of an experimental index of a life-and-death signal detected from arterial pressure that disappears in comatose patients signifying failure of brain stem cardiovascular regulation before brain death. We conclude that sumoylation of IkB in the RVLM ameliorates the defunct brain stem cardiovascular regulation that underpins brain death in our experimental endotoxemia modal by reducing nitrosative stress via inhibition of IkB degradation that diminishes the induction of the NF-kB/NOS II/peroxynitrite signaling cascade.

Interaction between the cardiac rapidly (IKr) and slowly (IKs) activating delayed rectifier potassium channels revealed by low K+-induced hERG endocytic degradation.

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, Jun; Wang, Tingzhong; Yang, Tonghua; Xu, Jianmin; Li, Wentao; Fridman, Michael D; Fisher, John T; Zhang, Shetuan

2011-10-07

Cardiac repolarization is controlled by the rapidly (I(Kr)) and slowly (I(Ks)) activating delayed rectifier potassium channels. The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) encodes I(Kr), whereas KCNQ1 and KCNE1 together encode I(Ks). Decreases in I(Kr) or I(Ks) cause long QT syndrome (LQTS), a cardiac disorder with a high risk of sudden death. A reduction in extracellular K(+) concentration ([K(+)](o)) induces LQTS and selectively causes endocytic degradation of mature hERG channels from the plasma membrane. In the present study, we investigated whether I(Ks) compensates for the reduced I(Kr) under low K(+) conditions. Our data show that when hERG and KCNQ1 were expressed separately in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, exposure to 0 mM K(+) for 6 h completely eliminated the mature hERG channel expression but had no effect on KCNQ1. When hERG and KCNQ1 were co-expressed, KCNQ1 significantly delayed 0 mM K(+)-induced hERG reduction. Also, hERG degradation led to a significant reduction in KCNQ1 in 0 mM K(+) conditions. An interaction between hERG and KCNQ1 was identified in hERG+KCNQ1-expressing HEK cells. Furthermore, KCNQ1 preferentially co-immunoprecipitated with mature hERG channels that are localized in the plasma membrane. Biophysical and pharmacological analyses indicate that although hERG and KCNQ1 closely interact with each other, they form distinct hERG and KCNQ1 channels. These data extend our understanding of delayed rectifier potassium channel trafficking and regulation, as well as the pathology of LQTS.

New in vitro model for proarrhythmia safety screening: IKs inhibition potentiates the QTc prolonging effect of IKr inhibitors in isolated guinea pig hearts.

Science.gov (United States)

Kui, Péter; Orosz, Szabolcs; Takács, Hedvig; Sarusi, Annamária; Csík, Norbert; Rárosi, Ferenc; Csekő, Csongor; Varró, András; Papp, Julius Gy; Forster, Tamás; Farkas, Attila S; Farkas, András

2016-01-01

Preclinical in vivo QT measurement as a proarrhythmia essay is expensive and not reliable enough. The aim of the present study was to develop a sensitive, cost-effective, Langendorff perfused guinea pig heart model for proarrhythmia safety screening. Low concentrations of dofetilide and cisapride (inhibitors of the rapid delayed rectifier potassium current, IKr) were tested alone and co-perfused with HMR-1556 (inhibitor of the slow delayed rectifier potassium current, IKs) in Langendorff perfused guinea pig hearts. The electrocardiographic rate corrected QT (QTc) interval, the Tpeak-Tend interval and the beat-to-beat variability and instability (BVI) of the QT interval were determined in sinus rhythm. Dofetilide and HMR-1556 alone or co-perfused, prolonged the QTc interval by 20±2%, 10±1% and 55±10%, respectively. Similarly, cisapride and HMR-1556 alone or co-perfused, prolonged the QTc interval by 11±3%, 11±4% and 38±6%, respectively. Catecholamine-induced fast heart rate abolished the QTc prolonging effects of the IKr inhibitors, but augmented the QTc prolongation during IKs inhibition. None of the drug perfusions increased significantly the Tpeak-Tend interval and the sinus BVI of the QT interval. IKs inhibition increased the QTc prolonging effect of IKr inhibitors in a super-additive (synergistic) manner, and the QTc interval was superior to other proarrhythmia biomarkers measured in sinus rhythm in isolated guinea pig hearts. The effect of catecholamines on the QTc facilitated differentiation between IKr and IKs inhibitors. Thus, QTc measurement in Langendorff perfused guinea pig hearts with pharmacologically attenuated repolarization reserve and periodic catecholamine perfusion seems to be suitable for preclinical proarrhythmia screening. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effect of the SK/IK channel modulator 4,5-dichloro-1,3-diethyl-1,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-2-one (NS4591) on contractile force in rat, pig and human detrusor smooth muscle

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Jens Steen; Rode, Frederik; Rahbek, Mette

2011-01-01

• To investigate the importance of small (SK)- and intermediate (IK)-conductance Ca2(+) -activated K(+) channels on bladder function, by studying the effects of 4,5-dichloro-1,3-diethyl-1,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-2-one (NS4591), a new modulator of SK/IK channels, on contractions induced by electri...

Organization of nif gene cluster in Frankia sp. EuIK1 strain, a symbiont of Elaeagnus umbellata.

Science.gov (United States)

Oh, Chang Jae; Kim, Ho Bang; Kim, Jitae; Kim, Won Jin; Lee, Hyoungseok; An, Chung Sun

2012-01-01

The nucleotide sequence of a 20.5-kb genomic region harboring nif genes was determined and analyzed. The fragment was obtained from Frankia sp. EuIK1 strain, an indigenous symbiont of Elaeagnus umbellata. A total of 20 ORFs including 12 nif genes were identified and subjected to comparative analysis with the genome sequences of 3 Frankia strains representing diverse host plant specificities. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences showed highest levels of identity with orthologous genes from an Elaeagnus-infecting strain. The gene organization patterns around the nif gene clusters were well conserved among all 4 Frankia strains. However, characteristic features appeared in the location of the nifV gene for each Frankia strain, depending on the type of host plant. Sequence analysis was performed to determine the transcription units and suggested that there could be an independent operon starting from the nifW gene in the EuIK strain. Considering the organization patterns and their total extensions on the genome, we propose that the nif gene clusters remained stable despite genetic variations occurring in the Frankia genomes.

Değişik Randımanlı Unlarda Tiyamin, Riboflavin ve Demir Miktarı

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Recai Ercan

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Undaki besin öğesi miktarı, randımana bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Değişik randımanlı unlardaki doğal besin öğesi miktarı, gıda zenginleştirme uygulaması açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Randımana bağlı olarak ticari unlar 6 tipe ayrılmaktadır. Değişik tip unlardaki riboflavin, tiyamin ve demir miktarını belirlemek amacıyla farklı 10 değirmenden sağlanan un örnekleri analiz edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre ekmek hammaddesi olarak kullanılan Tip 4 unlarında (%80 randıman, tiyamin miktarı 1.15-2.08 mg/kg (ortalama 1.72 mg/kg, riboflavin miktarı 0.65-0.90 mg/kg (ortalama 0.81 mg/kg, demir miktarı 12.0-29.6 mg/kg (ortalama 16.77 mg/kg arasında değişmektedir.

Spatially Discordant Alternans and Arrhythmias in Tachypacing-Induced Cardiac Myopathy in Transgenic LQT1 Rabbits: The Importance of IKs and Ca2+ Cycling.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emily Lau

Full Text Available Remodeling of cardiac repolarizing currents, such as the downregulation of slowly activating K+ channels (IKs, could underlie ventricular fibrillation (VF in heart failure (HF. We evaluated the role of Iks remodeling in VF susceptibility using a tachypacing HF model of transgenic rabbits with Long QT Type 1 (LQT1 syndrome.LQT1 and littermate control (LMC rabbits underwent three weeks of tachypacing to induce cardiac myopathy (TICM. In vivo telemetry demonstrated steepening of the QT/RR slope in LQT1 with TICM (LQT1-TICM; pre: 0.26±0.04, post: 0.52±0.01, P<0.05. In vivo electrophysiology showed that LQT1-TICM had higher incidence of VF than LMC-TICM (6 of 11 vs. 3 of 11, respectively. Optical mapping revealed larger APD dispersion (16±4 vs. 38±6 ms, p<0.05 and steep APD restitution in LQT1-TICM compared to LQT1-sham (0.53±0.12 vs. 1.17±0.13, p<0.05. LQT1-TICM developed spatially discordant alternans (DA, which caused conduction block and higher-frequency VF (15±1 Hz in LQT1-TICM vs. 13±1 Hz in LMC-TICM, p<0.05. Ca2+ DA was highly dynamic and preceded voltage DA in LQT1-TICM. Ryanodine abolished DA in 5 out of 8 LQT1-TICM rabbits, demonstrating the importance of Ca2+ in complex DA formation. Computer simulations suggested that HF remodeling caused Ca2+-driven alternans, which was further potentiated in LQT1-TICM due to the lack of IKs.Compared with LMC-TICM, LQT1-TICM rabbits exhibit steepened APD restitution and complex DA modulated by Ca2+. Our results strongly support the contention that the downregulation of IKs in HF increases Ca2+ dependent alternans and thereby the risk of VF.

"YSTÄVYYS ON KALLEIN AARRE, SE EI SAMMU MILLOINKAAN" : Ystäväpiiri-ryhmätoiminta palvelutalossa asuvien ikäihmisten psyykkisen hyvinvoinnin tukena

OpenAIRE

Kämäräinen, Hanne; Farin, Katja; Luukkonen, Päivi

2012-01-01

Opinnäytetyö on palvelutalossa asuvien ikäihmisten parissa toteutettu toimintatutkimus, jonka tavoitteena oli tutkia Vanhustyön keskusliiton Ystäväpiiri-ryhmätoiminnan mahdollisuuksia tukea ikäihmisten psyykkistä hyvinvointia. Opinnäytetyössä tutkittiin ryhmäläisten kokemuksia siitä, voidaanko Ystäväpiiri-ryhmän avulla saada helpotusta koettuun mielialaan ja yksinäisyyteen. Lisäksi tavoitteena oli selvittää ryhmäläisten mielekkäiksi kokemia toimintoja sekä Ystäväpiiri-ryhmätoiminnan mahdollis...

Non-target effects of the microbial control agents Pseudomonas fluorescens DR54 and Clonostachys rosea IK726 in soils cropped with barley followed by sugar beet: a greenhouse assessment

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Johansen, A.; Knudsen, I. M. B.; Binnerup, S. J.

2005-01-01

Non-target effects of a bacterial (Pseudomonas fluorescens DR54) and a fungal (Clonostachys rosea IK726) microbial control agent (MCA), on the indigenous microbiota in bulk soil and rhizosphere of barley, and subsequent a sugar beet crop, were studied in a greenhouse experiment. MCAs were...... introduced by seed and soil inoculation. Bulk and rhizosphere soils were sampled regularly during the growth of barley and sugar beet. The soils were assayed for the fate of MCAs and various features of the indigenous soil microbiota. At the end of the experiment (193 d), DR54 and IK726 had declined...... by a factor of 106 and 20, respectively, and DR54 showed a short-lasting growth increase in the sugar beet rhizosphere. In general, the non-target effects were small and transient. IK726 seemed to have general stimulating effects on soil enzyme activity and the soil microbiota, and resulted in a significant...

Change is the only Constant: Community-Driven Questions, Indigenous Knowledge (IK) and Western Science Working Together - A Northern Perspective

Science.gov (United States)

Stimmelmayr, R.; Adams, B.; Harcharek, Q.; Pederson, M.; Brower, H., Jr.; Hepa, T.

2017-12-01

Hunter observations and many studies indicate that the Arctic is undergoing major changes in duration of seasonal sea ice extent and thickness, extreme weather patterns, more maritime traffic etc. Coupled to these environmental changes are noted changes in animal distribution, in migration routes and timing, in breeding season start, and arrival of new species to name just a few. The continuation of all these changes could negatively impact the rich marine mammal resources that are essential to Yupik and Iñupiat subsistence communities. The North Slope Borough Department of wildlife management community based marine mammal health research program aims to support the families and communities, as they, as in the past, continue to adapt to changing environmental conditions, changes in wildlife abundance and accessibility. Our program monitors the health of animals so we can detect diseases and contaminants early on that are of concern to people, provide veterinary medicine science based information to hunters regarding "healthy" and "hunter concern" catches, and address individual and "big picture" concerns about native food health and food security. Our collaborative work depends on IK and the sharing of knowledge. IK is an existing source of an integrated object and event-based data knowledge system with culturally rooted quantitative and qualitative aspects. It is characterized by built-in routine and periodic updating and comparison within a given spatial-temporal coverage (traditional use areas). It is the oldest on the ground wildlife health monitoring system of the Arctic. Hunters and communities provide in a meaningful spatial-temporal scale rich wildlife information and data on traditional subsistence resources. The IK based interpretation of ecological, physiological, behavioral, and pathological phenomena advances and expands western science based biological concepts.

Farklı Vinifikasyon Tekniklerinin Kalecik Karası Şaraplarındaki Fenolik Bileşik İçeriklerine Etkisi

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hande Tahmaz

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Fenolik bileşikler şaraba duyusal özelliklerini katmakla beraber, insan sağlığı açısından yararları olduğu bilinen bileşiklerdir ve miktarları vinifikasyon tekniklerine göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu araştırmada Kalecik Karası üzüm çeşidinden termovinifikasyon ve soğuk maserasyon uygulamaları ile elde edilen şaraplarda toplam antosiyanin, toplam fenolik bileşik, antioksidan aktivite, kateşin, epikateşin, rutin, trans-resveratrol ve cis-resveratrol miktarlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın bitkisel materyalini oluşturan Kalecik Karası üzüm çeşidi, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Kalecik Bağcılık Araştırma ve Uygulama İstasyonu’nda bulunan bağdan 1,100 dansitede hasat edilmiştir. Soğuk maserasyon ve termovinifikasyon uygulamaları öncesi üzümler şaraba işlenmeden önce 72 saat soğuk hava deposunda tutulmuşlar ve sırası ile 1,116 ve 1,115 dansitede şaraba işlenmişlerdir. Araştırma sonucunda soğuk maserasyon uygulamasının fenolik bileşik içeriklerinde düşüşe sebep olduğu, termovinifikasyon uygulamasının ise şaraplarda antioksidan aktivite, toplam fenolik bileşik, kateşin, rutin ve trans-resveratrol içeriklerini artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.

Perancangan Fasilitas Kerja yang Ergonomis pada Proses Pelarutan Printed Circuit Board (PCB dengan Menggunakan Metode Quality Function Deployment (Studi kasus di IK-Tech

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adhi Susatyo

2017-11-01

Full Text Available IK-Tech merupakan home industry  yang bergerak dalam pembuatan PCB. Proses produksi di IK-Tech masih dengan proses manual, terutama pada proses pelarutan PCB (proses Etching. Proses Etching di IK-Tech tumpah, proses yang lama dan penggunaan yang tidak ergonomis karena operator bekerja dengan menggunakan alat yang seadanya berupa nampan, sehingga dalam proses pelarutan, terdapat banyak kekurangan seperti pelarut mudah posisi jongkok membungkuk. Gerakan kerja yang berulang-ulang dengan frekuensi yang sering, mengakibatkan operator tidak nyaman dalam bekerja dan mudah lelah. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan perbaikan dalam proses Etching yaitu merancang fasilitas kerja.       Pada penelitian ini, dirancang fasilitas kerja dengan pendekatan Quality Function Deployment. Metode ini bertujuan mengakomodasi perancangan fasilitas kerja berdasakan kebutuhan pengguna. Selain itu, pendekatan ergonomis pada perancangan fasilitas kerja untuk memperkecil beban kerja operator sehingga menciptakan rasa nyaman dan aman bagi operator dalam bekerja.        Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pengolahan data, enumeration persentase keluhan operator sebelum perancangan sebesar 7% keluhan sakit, setelah perancangan turun menjadi 0% (tidak ada keluhan sakit. Rekapitulasi waktu pelarutan sebelum perancangan sebesar 22,66 menit/unit, waktu pelarutan setelah perancangan (penggunaan manual sebesar 13,66 menit/unit dan waktu pelarutan setelah perancangan (penggunaan otomatis sebesar 11,37 menit/unit. Dari rekap waktu pelarutan, diketahui penurunan waktu pelarutan sebelum dan setelah perancangan (penggunaan manual sebesar 39,72 %, penurunan waktu pelarutan sebelum dan setelah perancangan (penggunaan otomatis sebesar 49,82 %.

GUS and GFP transformation of the biocontrol strain Clonostachys rosea IK726 and the use of these marker genes in ecological studies

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lübeck, M.; Knudsen, I.M.B.; Jensen, B.

2002-01-01

Marker genes were introduced in the biocontrol strain Clonostachys rosea IK726 (IBT 9371) as a tool for monitoring the strain in ecological studies. The beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and a gene encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) were, in separate experiments, integrated into th...

Molecular characterization and epidemiological investigation of Cryptosporidium hominis IkA18G1 and C. hominis monkey genotype IiA17, two unusual subtypes diagnosed in Swedish patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Lebbad, Marianne; Winiecka-Krusnell, Jadwiga; Insulander, Mona; Beser, Jessica

2018-05-01

Cryptosporidium hominis is considered a strictly human-adapted species, and it is only occasionally diagnosed in animals. However, two variants, C. hominis monkey genotype and C. hominis Ik, were originally described in non-human hosts, monkeys and horses, respectively. During a Swedish national Cryptosporidium study, where all samples were analyzed at the small subunit rRNA and the 60 kDa (gp60) glycoprotein loci, we identified two patients infected with C. hominis monkey genotype (subtype IiA17) and two infected with C. hominis subtype IkA18G1. The isolates were further analyzed at the actin and the 70 kDa heat shock protein loci, and these analyses showed that these two subtype families are closely related to each other and to human-adapted C. hominis as well as to Cryptosporidium cuniculus. The two patients with C. hominis monkey genotype infection (a father and son) had visited a monkey farm in Thailand prior to infection, while the two cases with C. hominis Ik were unrelated, both probably infected in Sweden. This is the first time that a monkey genotype infection in humans has been related to contact with monkeys and where the gp60 subtype was identified. It is also the first time that human infection caused by C. hominis subtype Ik is described. Even though we were not able to detect any parasites in the animal samples, zoonotic transmission cannot be ruled out in any of these cases because both subtype families are regarded as animal adapted. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

İlkokuma Yazma Öğretimi Sürecinde Bitişik Eğik Yazı Ve Dik Temel Harflerle Yapılan Eğitimin Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre Karşılaştırılması A Comparison Of Cursive Italic Writing And Basic Vertical Letters While Teaching Basal Reading And Writing Based On Teachers’ Views

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fatma SUSAR KIRMIZI

2013-09-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to identify teachers’ views with regard toteaching basal reading and writing with cursive italic writing and basicvertical letters. Action research that is one of the qualitative researchmethods was employed. The population of the study was consisted ofelementary 1st and 2nd graders’ teachers working in Denizli and itsdistricts. Using criterion sampling, 68 elementary teachers were askedfor their opinions. As for the data gathering instrument a survey ofopen-ended six questions developed by the researchers were used in thestudy. Open-coding method was used for data analysis. As a result ofthe analysis, it was seen that the teachers found teaching with basicvertical letters easier both in preparing students for reading and writingand in teaching writing. Furthermore, they argued that with basicvertical letters, students write more beautiful and legible. Most of theteachers participated in the study preferred basic vertical letters justbecause they found cursive italic writing more difficult in teaching basalreading and writing. A comprehensive training related to cursive italicwriting should be provided to teachers. Wider scale studies focusing onwhether teachers prefer cursive italic writing or basic vertical letters inteaching basal reading and writing. Bu araştırma ile öğretmenlerin ilkokuma yazma öğretimi sürecinde bitişik eğik yazı ve dik temel harflerle yapılan eğitim hakkındaki görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sürecinde nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan durum çalışması deseni benimsenmiştir. Çalışmanın evreni Denizli il ve ilçelerindeki ilkokullarda görev yapan 1. ve 2. sınıf öğretmenlerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 63 kişiden oluşan 1. ve 2. sınıf öğretmeninin görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen kişisel bilgiler formu ve 6 açık u

Some Measurements of Thermal Neutron Spectra; Mesure de Spectres de Neutrons Thermiques; Nekotorye izmereniya spektrov teplovykh nejtronov; Algunas Mediciones de Espectros de Neutrones Termicos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Poole, M. J.; Schofield, P.; Sinclair, R. N. [United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, Research Group, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell (United Kingdom)

1964-04-15

tiempo de vuelo dotado de selector. Este experimento, que puede compararse con los realizados por Bennet y colaboradores, quienes realizaron estudios analogos utilizando detectores sensibles a la energia, permitio deducir las 'secciones eficaces de retermalizacion' con caracter preliminar. A fin de establecer comparaciones mas detalladas, los autores estan efectuando calculos basados en la teoria de difusion de muchos grupos, utilizando los datos sobre la ley de dispersion obtenidos en Chalk River. Trataran de predecir la forma del espectro energetico en distintas posiciones en ambos bloques. En un segundo experimento, han introducido una discontinuidad espacial en lugar de una termica. En el centro de un tanque de agua fijaron un disco de cadmio de espesor suficiente para interceptar todoe los neutrones de energia inferior a 0,4 eV y midieron los espectros cerca del disco en funcion de la posicion y de la direccion de la trayectoria de los neutrones (respecto del plano del disco). Por ultimo, mencionan las mediciones espectrales efectuadas en un reticulado de grafito-uranio, que permiten comprobar los calculos en condiciones geometricas propias de los reactores. Pueden efectuarse muchos experimentos sobre el espectro en una geometria critica o subcritica; en la memoria se examinan las ventajas relativas de los dos metodos utilizados. (author) [Russian] V Harujelle nachato osushhestvlenie dopolnitel'nyh programm v celjah opredelenija zakona rassejanija v zamedlitele i proverki ego dejstvija v processe izmerenij spektrov. Opyty s zakonom rassejanija v osnovnom provodilis' v Chok-River, v to vremja kak obrabotka dannyh proizvoditsja v Argonskoj nacional'noj laboratorii, a analiz i neobhodimaja jekstrapoljacija na osnove rezul'tatov izmerenij-v Harujelle. .Spektral'nye izmerenija obychno raspadajutsja na dve chasti. S pomoshh'ju spektroskopicheskih metodov opredelenija vremeni proleta na shirokom diapazone provedeny izmerenija spektrov teplovyh nejtronov v otravlennyh

Pharmacologically induced long QT type 2 can be rescued by activation of IKs with benzodiazepine R-L3 in isolated guinea pig cardiomyocytes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nissen, Jakob Dahl; Diness, Jonas Goldin; Diness, Thomas Goldin

2009-01-01

of this study was to evaluate potential antiarrhythmic effects of compound induced IKs activation using the benzodiazepine L-364,373 (R-L3). Ventricular myocytes from guinea pigs were isolated and whole-cell current clamping was performed at 35 degrees C. It was found that 1 microM R-L3 significantly reduced...

Biophysical characterization of inwardly rectifying potassium currents (I(K1) I(K,ACh), I(K,Ca)) using sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation action potential waveforms

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tang, Chuyi; Skibsbye, Lasse; Yuan, Lei

2015-01-01

Although several physiological, pathophysiological and regulatory properties of classical inward rectifier K+ current I(K1), G-protein coupled inwardly-rectifying K+ current I(K,ACh) and the small-conductance Ca2+ activated K+ current I(K,Ca) have been identified, quantitative biophysical details...

PfeIK1, a eukaryotic initiation factor 2α kinase of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, regulates stress-response to amino-acid starvation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ranford-Cartwright Lisa

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Post-transcriptional control of gene expression is suspected to play an important role in malaria parasites. In yeast and metazoans, part of the stress response is mediated through phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α, which results in the selective translation of mRNAs encoding stress-response proteins. Methods The impact of starvation on the phosphorylation state of PfeIF2α was examined. Bioinformatic methods were used to identify plasmodial eIF2α kinases. The activity of one of these, PfeIK1, was investigated using recombinant protein with non-physiological substrates and recombinant PfeIF2α. Reverse genetic techniques were used to disrupt the pfeik1 gene. Results The data demonstrate that the Plasmodium falciparum eIF2α orthologue is phosphorylated in response to starvation, and provide bioinformatic evidence for the presence of three eIF2α kinases in P. falciparum, only one of which (PfPK4 had been described previously. Evidence is provided that one of the novel eIF2α kinases, PfeIK1, is able to phosphorylate the P. falciparum eIF2α orthologue in vitro. PfeIK1 is not required for asexual or sexual development of the parasite, as shown by the ability of pfeik1- parasites to develop into sporozoites. However, eIF2α phosphorylation in response to starvation is abolished in pfeik1- asexual parasites Conclusion This study strongly suggests that a mechanism for versatile regulation of translation by several kinases with a similar catalytic domain but distinct regulatory domains, is conserved in P. falciparum.

Estimation of Outage Capacity for Free Space Optical Links Over I-K and K Turbulent Channels

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. Marinos

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The free space optical communication systems are attracting great research and commercial interest due to their capability of transferring data, over short distances, with high rate and security, low cost demands and without licensing fees. However, their performance depends strongly on the atmospheric conditions in the link’s area. In this work, we investigate the influence of the turbulence on the outage capacity of such a system for weak to strong turbulence channels modeled by the I-K and the K-distribution and we derive closed-form expressions for its estimation. Finally, using these expressions we present numerical results for various link cases with different turbulence conditions.

Basit Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi İle Hiyerarşik Doğrusal Modeller Analizinin Karşılaştırılması

OpenAIRE

ATAR, Burcu

2014-01-01

Hiyerarşik veya iç içe geçmiş yapıdaki verilere birçok araştırma alanında rastlanmaktadır. Eğitim alanında öğrenciler, sınıf, okul, şehir, ülke gibi hiyerarşik bir sosyal yapının içinde yer alırlar. Bu yapıdaki bir veride aynı sınıftaki veya okuldaki öğrenciler, evrenden rasgele seçilen öğrencilere göre birbirlerine daha benzer özellikler gösterirler. O halde, aynı sosyal birimde yer alan bireylerden elde edilen gözlemlerin birbirinden tamamen bağımsız olduğu söylenemez. Halbuki doğrusal regr...

Electrophysiologic effects of the IK1 inhibitor PA-6 are modulated by extracellular potassium in isolated guinea pig hearts

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoeker, Gregory S; Skarsfeldt, Mark A; Jespersen, Thomas

2017-01-01

in Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts. PA-6 (200 nm) or vehicle was perfused into ex-vivo guinea pig hearts for 60 min. Hearts were optically mapped with di-4-ANEPPS to quantify CV and APD at 90% repolarization (APD90). Ventricular APD90was significantly prolonged in hearts treated with PA-6 (115 ± 2...... APD90to a lesser degree, but profoundly increased CV Thus, in intact guinea pig hearts, the electrophysiologic effects of the IK1inhibitor, PA-6, are [K+]o-dependent....

Analysis of 30 genes (355 SNPS) related to energy homeostasis for association with adiposity in European-American and Yup'ik Eskimo populations.

Science.gov (United States)

Chung, Wendy K; Patki, Amit; Matsuoka, Naoki; Boyer, Bert B; Liu, Nianjun; Musani, Solomon K; Goropashnaya, Anna V; Tan, Perciliz L; Katsanis, Nicholas; Johnson, Stephen B; Gregersen, Peter K; Allison, David B; Leibel, Rudolph L; Tiwari, Hemant K

2009-01-01

Human adiposity is highly heritable, but few of the genes that predispose to obesity in most humans are known. We tested candidate genes in pathways related to food intake and energy expenditure for association with measures of adiposity. We studied 355 genetic variants in 30 candidate genes in 7 molecular pathways related to obesity in two groups of adult subjects: 1,982 unrelated European Americans living in the New York metropolitan area drawn from the extremes of their body mass index (BMI) distribution and 593 related Yup'ik Eskimos living in rural Alaska characterized for BMI, body composition, waist circumference, and skin fold thicknesses. Data were analyzed by using a mixed model in conjunction with a false discovery rate (FDR) procedure to correct for multiple testing. After correcting for multiple testing, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Ghrelin (GHRL) (rs35682 and rs35683) were associated with BMI in the New York European Americans. This association was not replicated in the Yup'ik participants. There was no evidence for gene x gene interactions among genes within the same molecular pathway after adjusting for multiple testing via FDR control procedure. Genetic variation in GHRL may have a modest impact on BMI in European Americans.

Enculturation, perceived stress, and physical activity: implications for metabolic risk among the Yup'ik--the Center for Alaska Native Health Research Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Bersamin, Andrea; Wolsko, Christopher; Luick, Bret R; Boyer, Bert B; Lardon, Cecile; Hopkins, Scarlett E; Stern, Judith S; Zidenberg-Cherr, Sheri

2014-06-01

American Indians and Alaska Natives (ANs) report among the lowest levels of physical activity in the USA, but there is very little systematic research examining the determinants of physical activity patterns in these populations. This study investigated the relationships between enculturation (or cultural traditionality), psychosocial stress, and physical activity in a community-based sample of Yup'ik women and men living in rural AN communities. Associations between these variables and several metabolic risk factors were also examined. A sample of 488 Yup'ik participants (284 women and 204 men) from six villages in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta region completed a wellness survey and an array of physiological assessments [e.g., body mass index (BMI), blood pressure]. A subset of 179 participants also completed a 3-day pedometer assessment of physical activity. Multivariate linear regression models indicated that participants who were more enculturated (i.e., living more of a traditional lifestyle) and who experienced lower levels of psychosocial stress were significantly more physically active. In turn, both lower levels of psychosocial stress and higher levels of physical activity were associated with lower BMI, lower percent body fat, and lower waist circumference. Findings underscore the importance of gaining a culturally specific understanding of physical activity patterns in indigenous groups in order to inform effective health promotion strategies.

Integrating indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) in improving rural accessibility and mobility (in support of the comprehensive rural development programme in South Africa)

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Nhemachena, C

2011-07-01

Full Text Available INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS (IKS) IN IMPROVING RURAL ACCESSIBILITY AND MOBILITY (IN SUPPORT OF THE COMPREHENSIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME IN SOUTH AFRICA) CHARLES NHEMACHENA1, JAMES CHAKWIZIRA2, SIPHO DUBE1, GOODHOPE MAPONYA1, REMINA RASHOPOLA3... of Environmental Sciences, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950 3 Department of Rural Development and Land Reform, PO Box X833, Pretoria 0001 ABSTRACT This study discusses opportunities and challenges for integrating local knowledge in improving...

Two modes of polyamine block regulating the cardiac inward rectifier K+ current IK1 as revealed by a study of the Kir2.1 channel expressed in a human cell line.

Science.gov (United States)

Ishihara, Keiko; Ehara, Tsuguhisa

2004-04-01

The strong inward rectifier K(+) current, I(K1), shows significant outward current amplitude in the voltage range near the reversal potential and thereby causes rapid repolarization at the final phase of cardiac action potentials. However, the mechanism that generates the outward I(K1) is not well understood. We recorded currents from the inside-out patches of HEK 293T cells that express the strong inward rectifier K(+) channel Kir2.1 and studied the blockage of the currents caused by cytoplasmic polyamines, namely, spermine and spermidine. The outward current-voltage (I-V) relationships of Kir2.1, obtained with 5-10 microm spermine or 10-100 microm spermidine, were similar to the steady-state outward I-V relationship of I(K1), showing a peak at a level that is approximately 20 mV more positive than the reversal potential, with a negative slope at more positive voltages. The relationships exhibited a plateau or a double-hump shape with 1 microm spermine/spermidine or 0.1 microm spermine, respectively. In the chord conductance-voltage relationships, there were extra conductances in the positive voltage range, which could not be described by the Boltzmann relations fitting the major part of the relationships. The extra conductances, which generated most of the outward currents in the presence of 5-10 microm spermine or 10-100 microm spermidine, were quantitatively explained by a model that considered two populations of Kir2.1 channels, which were blocked by polyamines in either a high-affinity mode (Mode 1 channel) or a low-affinity mode (Mode 2 channel). Analysis of the inward tail currents following test pulses indicated that the relief from the spermine block of Kir2.1 consisted of an exponential component and a virtually instantaneous component. The fractions of the two components nearly agreed with the fractions of the blockages in Mode 1 and Mode 2 calculated by the model. The estimated proportion of Mode 1 channels to total channels was 0.9 with 0.1-10 microm

Genetics, Diet, and Season Are Associated with Serum 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Concentration in a Yup'ik Study Population from Southwestern Alaska.

Science.gov (United States)

Fohner, Alison E; Wang, Zhican; Yracheta, Joseph; O'Brien, Diane M; Hopkins, Scarlett E; Black, Jynene; Philip, Jacques; Wiener, Howard W; Tiwari, Hemant K; Stapleton, Patricia L; Tsai, Jesse M; Thornton, Timothy A; Boyer, Bert B; Thummel, Kenneth E

2016-02-01

Low blood vitamin D concentration is a concern for people living in circumpolar regions, where sunlight is insufficient for vitamin D synthesis in winter months and the consumption of traditional dietary sources of vitamin D is decreasing. The objective was to characterize the effects of diet, genetic variation, and season on serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3] concentrations in Yup'ik Alaska Native people living in rural southwest Alaska. This study was a cross-sectional design that assessed the associations of traditional diet (via a biomarker, the RBC δ(15)N value), age, gender, body mass index (BMI), community location, and genotype of select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytochrome P450 family 2, subfamily R, peptide 1 (CYP2R1), 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), and vitamin D binding protein (GC) with serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations in 743 Yup'ik male and female participants, aged 14-93 y, recruited between September 2009 and December 2013. Yup'ik participants, on average, had adequate concentrations of serum 25(OH)D3 (31.1 ± 1.0 ng/mL). Variations in diet, BMI, age, gender, season of sample collection, and inland or coastal community geography were all significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D3 concentration. In models not adjusting for other covariates, age, diet, and seasonal effects explained 33.7%, 20.7%, and 9.8%, respectively, of variability in serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations. Of the 8 SNPs interrogated in CYP2R1 and DHCR7, only rs11023374 in CYP2R1 was significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D3, explaining 1.5% of variability. The GC haplotype explained an additional 2.8% of variability. Together, age, diet, gender, season of sample collection, BMI, geography of the community, and genotype at rs11023374 explained 52.5% of the variability in serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations. Lower consumption of the traditional diet was associated with lower serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3. Younger adults and youth in this community may be at

"Parīzes šiks" mūsdienu restorānu interjera dizainā

OpenAIRE

Kalnarāja, Agnese

2015-01-01

Diplomdarbā “Parīzes šiks mūsdienu restorānu interjera dizainā” sastāv no piecām nodaļām. Pirmajā nodaļā tiek aprakstīta Parīzes arhitektūras un interjera dizaina vēsture, tā ietekme uz “Parīzes šika” veidošanos, kā arī pētīta restorānu vēsture. Otrajā nodaļā tiek pētīti elementi, kas raksturo “Parīzes šika” interjeru. Trešajā nodaļā tiek analizēti un aprakstīti psiholoģiskie faktori, kas ietekmē restorānu dizainu – apgaismojums, krāsu lietojums un atmosfēras nozīme interjerā. Empīriskajā...

Genetics, Diet, and Season Are Associated with Serum 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Concentration in a Yup’ik Study Population from Southwestern Alaska123

Science.gov (United States)

Fohner, Alison E; Wang, Zhican; Yracheta, Joseph; O’Brien, Diane M; Hopkins, Scarlett E; Black, Jynene; Philip, Jacques; Wiener, Howard W; Tiwari, Hemant K; Stapleton, Patricia L; Tsai, Jesse M; Thornton, Timothy A; Boyer, Bert B; Thummel, Kenneth E

2016-01-01

Background: Low blood vitamin D concentration is a concern for people living in circumpolar regions, where sunlight is insufficient for vitamin D synthesis in winter months and the consumption of traditional dietary sources of vitamin D is decreasing. Objective: The objective was to characterize the effects of diet, genetic variation, and season on serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3] concentrations in Yup’ik Alaska Native people living in rural southwest Alaska. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional design that assessed the associations of traditional diet (via a biomarker, the RBC δ15N value), age, gender, body mass index (BMI), community location, and genotype of select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytochrome P450 family 2, subfamily R, peptide 1 (CYP2R1), 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), and vitamin D binding protein (GC) with serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations in 743 Yup’ik male and female participants, aged 14–93 y, recruited between September 2009 and December 2013. Results: Yup’ik participants, on average, had adequate concentrations of serum 25(OH)D3 (31.1 ± 1.0 ng/mL). Variations in diet, BMI, age, gender, season of sample collection, and inland or coastal community geography were all significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D3 concentration. In models not adjusting for other covariates, age, diet, and seasonal effects explained 33.7%, 20.7%, and 9.8%, respectively, of variability in serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations. Of the 8 SNPs interrogated in CYP2R1 and DHCR7, only rs11023374 in CYP2R1 was significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D3, explaining 1.5% of variability. The GC haplotype explained an additional 2.8% of variability. Together, age, diet, gender, season of sample collection, BMI, geography of the community, and genotype at rs11023374 explained 52.5% of the variability in serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations. Conclusions: Lower consumption of the traditional diet was associated with lower serum concentrations of 25(OH

Sequence Alterations of I(Ks Potassium Channel Genes in Kazakhstani Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ainur Akilzhanova

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Introduction. Atrial fibrillation (AF is the most common sustained arrhythmia, and it results in significant morbidity and mortality. However, the pathogenesis of AF remains unclear to date. Recently, more pieces of evidence indicated that AF is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction between environmental factors and genetics. Recent studies suggest that genetic mutation of the slow delayed rectifier potassium channel (I(Ks may underlie AF.Objective. To investigate sequence alterations of I(Ks potassium channel genes KCNQ1, KCNE1 and KCNE2 in Kazakhstani patients with atrial fibrillation.Methods. Genomic DNA of 69 cases with atrial fibrillation and 27 relatives were analyzed for mutations in all protein-coding exons and their flanking splice site regions of the genes KCNQ1 (NM_000218.2 and NM_181798.1, KCNE1 (NM_000219.2, and KCNE2 (NM_172201.1 using bidirectional sequencing on the ABI 3730xL DNA Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA.Results. In total, a disease-causing mutation was identified in 39 of the 69 (56.5% index cases. Of these, altered sequence variants in the KCNQ1 gene accounted for 14.5% of the mutations, whereas a KCNE1 mutation accounted for 43.5% of the mutations and KCNE2 mutation accounted for 1.4% of the mutations. The majority of the distinct mutations were found in a single case (80%, whereas 20% of the mutations were observed more than once. We found two sequence variants in KCNQ1 exon 13 (S546S G1638A and exon 16 (Y662Y, C1986T in ten patients (14.5%. In KCNE1 gene in exon 3 mutation, S59G A280G was observed in 30 of 69 patients (43.5% and KCNE2 exon 2 T10K C29A in 1 patient (1.4%. Genetic cascade screening of 27 relatives to the 69 index cases with an identified mutation revealed 26.9% mutation carriers  who were at risk of cardiac events such as syncope or sudden unexpected death.Conclusion. In this cohort of Kazakhstani index cases with AF, a disease-causing mutation was identified in

Real-time RT-PCR expression analysis of chitinase and endoglucanase genes in the three-way interaction between the biocontrol strain Clonostachys rosea IK726, Botrytis cinera and strawberry

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mamarabadi, Mojtaba; Jensen, Birgit; Jensen, Søren Dan Funck

2008-01-01

Clonostachys rosea is a well-known biocontrol agent against Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of gray mold in strawberry. The activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes might play a significant role for successful biocontrol by C. rosea. The expression pattern of four chitinases, and two endoglucan......Clonostachys rosea is a well-known biocontrol agent against Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of gray mold in strawberry. The activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes might play a significant role for successful biocontrol by C. rosea. The expression pattern of four chitinases, and two...... endoglucanase genes from C. rosea strain IK726 was analyzed using real-time RT-PCR in vitro and in strawberry leaves during interaction with B. cinerea. Specific primers were designed for ß-tubulin genes from C. rosea and B. cinerea, respectively, and a gene encoding a DNA-binding protein (DBP) from strawberry......, allowing in situ activity assessment of each fungus in vitro and during their interaction on strawberry leaves. Growth of B. cinerea was inhibited in all pathogen-antagonist interactions while the activity of IK726 was slightly increased. In all in vitro interactions, four of the six genes were upregulated...

Development of an instrument for assessing workstyle in checkout cashier work (BAsIK).

Science.gov (United States)

Kjellberg, Katarina; Palm, Peter; Josephson, Malin

2012-01-01

Checkout cashier work consists of handling a large number of items during a work shift, which implies repetitive movements of the shoulders, arms and hands/wrists, and a high work rate. The work is associated with a high prevalence of disorders in the neck and upper extremity. The concept of workstyle explains how ergonomic and psychosocial factors interact in the development of work-related upper extremity disorders. The aim of the project was to develop an instrument for the occupational health services to be used in the efforts to prevent upper extremity disorders in checkout cashier work. The instrument is based on the workstyle concept and is intended to be used as a tool to identify high-risk workstyle and needs for interventions, such as training and education. The instrument, BAsIK, consists of four parts; a questionnaire about workstyle, an observation protocol for work technique, a checklist about the design of the checkout and a questionnaire about work organization. The instrument was developed by selecting workstyle items developed for office work and adapting them to checkout cashier work, discussions with researchers and ergonomists, focus-group interviews with cashiers, observations of video recordings of cashiers, and studies of existing guidelines and checklists.

[The QuIK-Registry of the German Society of Cardiologists in private practice: countrywide and benchmarking quality assurance in invasive cardiology].

Science.gov (United States)

Albrecht, A; Levenson, B; Göhring, S; Haerer, W; Reifart, N; Ringwald, G; Troger, B

2009-10-01

QuIK is the German acronym for QUality Assurance in Invasive Cardiology. It describes the continuous project of an electronic data collection in Cardiac catheterization laboratories all over Germany. Mainly members of the German Society of Cardiologists in Private Practice (BNK) participate in this computer based project. Since 1996 data of diagnostic and interventional procedures are collected and send to a registry-center where a regular benchmarking analysis of the results is performed. Part of the project is a yearly auditing process including an on-site visit to the cath lab to guarantee for the reliability of information collected. Since 1996 about one million procedures have been documented. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart , New York.

Low-inductance switch and capacitor energy storage modules made of packages of industrial condensers IK50-3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bykov, Yu A; Krastelev, E G; Sedin, A A; Feduschak, V F

2017-01-01

A low-inductance module of a high-current capacitive energy storage with an operating voltage of 40 kV is developed. The design of the module is based on the application of capacitive sections of the industrial condenser IK50-3. The module includes two capacitors of 0.35 μF each, one common low-jitter triggered gas switch and 2 groups of output cables of 4 from each capacitor. A bus bars topology developed for the switch and cables connections provides a small total inductance of the discharge circuit, for the module with the output cables KVIM of 0.5 m long, it is lower than 40 nH. The set of 10 modules is now used for driving the 20 stages linear transformer for a fast charging of the pulse forming line of the high-current nanosecond accelerator. A design of the module and the results of tests of a single module and a set of 10 are presented. (paper)

PENJADWALAN PRODUKSI IKS-FILLER PADA PROSES GROUND CALCIUM CARBONATE MENGGUNAKAN METODE MPS DI PERUSAHAAN KERTAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Supriyadi Supriyadi

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Persaingan industri kertas semakin ketat dengan banyaknya industri atau perusahaan yang bergerak dalam industri yang sama dalam bersaing mendapatkan dan mempertahankan pelanggan. Permasalahan yang terjadi saat ini di CaCO3 Section pada Perusahaan Kertas adalah belum tersedianya jadwal induk produksi (Master Production Schedule = MPS sebagai dasar penentuan proses produksi IKS-Filler yang menyebabkan kekurangan persediaan sehingga kualitas kertas cacat dan perusahaan menderita kerugian yang cukup besar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa peramalan yang sesuai untuk diterapkan, merencanakan produksi dengan biaya terendah, penjadwalan produksi sebagai dasar proses produksi dan menghitung persediaan pengaman. Metode yang digunakan adalah peramalan (moving average, perencanaan produksi (level production plan, chase plant, dan intermediate plan, penjadwalan produksi (MPS trial and error dan menganalisis jumlah persediaan pengaman (safety stock menggunakan distribusi normal. Dari hasil pengolahan data menyimpulkan bahwa peramalan yang sesuai adalah Moving Average (n = 3 dengan nilai MAD terkecil dan tracking signal yang tidak menyimpang. Biaya terendah perencanaan produksi menggunakan metode intermediate plan sebesar 56,5 USD. Jadwal Induk Produksi mempunyai persediaan akhir 191 Ton dan rata-rata produksi tiap minggu sebesar 1,852 Ton. Jumlah persediaan pengaman dengan tingkat layanan 95% sebesar 101,75 Ton.

Analitik Hiyerarşi Yöntemi İle İstanbul'da Bütünleşik Bisiklet Ağı Kümelerinin Önceliklendirilmesi

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dilek Çol Yılmaz

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada motorsuz ulaşım ve toplu taşıma entegrasyonunun yüksek seviyede hareketliliğe etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Önemli bir ulaşım türü olan bisikletin motorsuz ulaşımdaki rolü, sürdürülebilir yolculuk hedefine katkıları ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada İstanbul metropoliten alanında toplu taşıma sistemi ile bütünleşik bisiklet ulaşım ağının aşamalı olarak gerçekleştirilmesi için bir karar destek modeli kurulmuştur. Model oluşturulurken 2023 yılı için planlanmış olan toplu taşıma hatları, aktarma merkezi noktaları, bu noktalara ait yolcu sayıları, yeniden düzenlenen bisiklet ağı gibi veriler Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS ortamında geliştirilen haritaya altlık olarak kullanılmıştır. Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme yöntemlerinden nitel ve nicel değerlendirmeye olanak veren Analitik Hiyerarşi Yöntemi (AHY kullanılarak ulaşım planlaması konusunda uzmanların değerlendirmeleri doğrultusunda, İstanbul metropoliten alanında toplu taşıma ile bütünleşik bisiklet ağı kümelerinin öncelikleri belirlenmiştir.

A Hybrid Model for Safety Pharmacology on an Automated Patch Clamp Platform: Using Dynamic Clamp to Join iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes and Simulations of Ik1 Ion Channels in Real-Time

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Birgit Goversen

2018-01-01

Full Text Available An important aspect of the Comprehensive In Vitro Proarrhythmia Assay (CiPA proposal is the use of human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and the confirmation of their predictive power in drug safety assays. The benefits of this cell source are clear; drugs can be tested in vitro on human cardiomyocytes, with patient-specific genotypes if needed, and differentiation efficiencies are generally excellent, resulting in a virtually limitless supply of cardiomyocytes. There are, however, several challenges that will have to be surmounted before successful establishment of hSC-CMs as an all-round predictive model for drug safety assays. An important factor is the relative electrophysiological immaturity of hSC-CMs, which limits arrhythmic responses to unsafe drugs that are pro-arrhythmic in humans. Potentially, immaturity may be improved functionally by creation of hybrid models, in which the dynamic clamp technique joins simulations of lacking cardiac ion channels (e.g., IK1 with hSC-CMs in real-time during patch clamp experiments. This approach has been used successfully in manual patch clamp experiments, but throughput is low. In this study, we combined dynamic clamp with automated patch clamp of iPSC-CMs in current clamp mode, and demonstrate that IK1 conductance can be added to iPSC-CMs on an automated patch clamp platform, resulting in an improved electrophysiological maturity.

Sex, Adiposity, and Hypertension Status Modify the Inverse Effect of Marine Food Intake on Blood Pressure in Alaska Native (Yup'ik) People.

Science.gov (United States)

Beaulieu-Jones, Brendin R; O'Brien, Diane M; Hopkins, Scarlett E; Moore, Jason H; Boyer, Bert B; Gilbert-Diamond, Diane

2015-05-01

Alaska Native people currently have a higher prevalence of hypertension than do nonnative Alaskans, although in the 1950s hypertension was rare among Alaska Native people. A novel biomarker of marine foods, the nitrogen isotope ratio (δ¹⁵N) in RBCs was shown to be negatively associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Few studies have examined how individual characteristics modify the association of marine food intake with blood pressure. This exploratory analysis examined whether sex, adiposity, and hypertension modify the inverse association between marine food intake and blood pressure. We used covariate-adjusted linear models to describe the association between δ¹⁵N and blood pressure in 873 adult Alaska Native (Yup'ik) people who resided in 8 communities in southwest Alaska. We separately stratified by sex, body mass index (BMI) group, abdominal obesity, and hypertension status and assessed the interaction between δ¹⁵N and participant characteristics on blood pressure via likelihood ratio tests. The association between δ¹⁵N and systolic blood pressure was modified by sex, BMI status, and abdominal obesity, with the inverse association observed only in the male (β = -1.5; 95% CI: -2.4, -0.6 : , nonobese BMI (β = -1.7; 95% CI: -2.5, -1.0), and non-abdominally obese (β = -1.6; 95% CI: -2.4, -0.9) strata (all P-interaction blood pressure associated with δ¹⁵N was observed in the nonobese BMI (β = -1.1; 95% CI: -1.7, -0.5) and non-abdominally obese (β = -1.1; 95% CI: -1.7, -0.5) strata, although only the interaction between BMI group and δ¹⁵N with diastolic blood pressure was significant. The inverse association between δ¹⁵N and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed in nonhypertensive individuals, although the comparison had limited power. The results were consistent with those identified by using combined RBC concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid as the biomarker of marine food

Regulation of the instantaneous inward rectifier and the delayed outward rectifier potassium channels by Captopril and Angiotensin II via the Phosphoinositide-3 kinase pathway in volume-overload-induced hypertrophied cardiac myocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Alvin, Zikiar V; Laurence, Graham G; Coleman, Bernell R; Zhao, Aiqiu; Hajj-Moussa, Majd; Haddad, Georges E

2011-07-01

Early development of cardiac hypertrophy may be beneficial but sustained hypertrophic activation leads to myocardial dysfunction. Regulation of the repolarizing currents can be modulated by the activation of humoral factors, such as angiotensin II (ANG II) through protein kinases. The aim of this work is to assess the regulation of IK and IK1 by ANG II through the PI3-K pathway in hypertrophied ventricular myocytes. Cardiac eccentric hypertrophy was induced through volume-overload in adult male rats by aorto-caval shunt (3 weeks). After one week half of the rats were given captopril (2 weeks; 0.5 g/l/day) and the other half served as control. The voltage-clamp and western blot techniques were used to measure the delayed outward rectifier potassium current (IK) and the instantaneous inward rectifier potassium current (IK1) and Akt activity, respectively. Hypertrophied cardiomyocytes showed reduction in IK and IK1. Treatment with captopril alleviated this difference seen between sham and shunt cardiomyocytes. Acute administration of ANG II (10-6M) to cardiocytes treated with captopril reduced IK and IK1 in shunts, but not in sham. Captopril treatment reversed ANG II effects on IK and IK1 in a PI3-K-independent manner. However in the absence of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, ANG II increased both IK and IK1 in a PI3-K-dependent manner in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes. Thus, captopril treatment reveals a negative effect of ANG II on IK and IK1, which is PI3-K independent, whereas in the absence of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition IK and IK1 regulation is dependent upon PI3-K.

Development of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire for use among the Yup'ik people of Western Alaska.

Science.gov (United States)

Kolahdooz, Fariba; Simeon, Desiree; Ferguson, Gary; Sharma, Sangita

2014-01-01

Alaska Native populations are experiencing a nutrition transition and a resulting decrease in diet quality. The present study aimed to develop a quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess the diet of the Yup'ik people of Western Alaska. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using 24-hour recalls and the information collected served as a basis for developing a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A total of 177 males and females, aged 13-88, in six western Alaska communities, completed up to three 24-hour recalls as part of the Alaska Native Dietary and Subsistence Food Assessment Project. The frequency of the foods reported in the 24-hour recalls was tabulated and used to create a draft quantitative food frequency questionnaire, which was pilot tested and finalized with input from community members. Store-bought foods high in fat and sugar were reported more frequently than traditional foods. Seven of the top 26 foods most frequently reported were traditional foods. A 150-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire was developed that included 14 breads and crackers; 3 cereals; 11 dairy products; 69 meats, poultry and fish; 13 fruit; 22 vegetables; 9 desserts and snacks; and 9 beverages. The quantitative food frequency questionnaire contains 39 traditional food items. This quantitative food frequency questionnaire can be used to assess the unique diet of the Alaska Native people of Western Alaska. This tool will allow for monitoring of dietary changes over time as well as the identification of foods and nutrients that could be promoted in a nutrition intervention program intended to reduce chronic disease.

Development of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire for use among the Yup'ik people of Western Alaska.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fariba Kolahdooz

Full Text Available Alaska Native populations are experiencing a nutrition transition and a resulting decrease in diet quality. The present study aimed to develop a quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess the diet of the Yup'ik people of Western Alaska. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using 24-hour recalls and the information collected served as a basis for developing a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A total of 177 males and females, aged 13-88, in six western Alaska communities, completed up to three 24-hour recalls as part of the Alaska Native Dietary and Subsistence Food Assessment Project. The frequency of the foods reported in the 24-hour recalls was tabulated and used to create a draft quantitative food frequency questionnaire, which was pilot tested and finalized with input from community members. Store-bought foods high in fat and sugar were reported more frequently than traditional foods. Seven of the top 26 foods most frequently reported were traditional foods. A 150-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire was developed that included 14 breads and crackers; 3 cereals; 11 dairy products; 69 meats, poultry and fish; 13 fruit; 22 vegetables; 9 desserts and snacks; and 9 beverages. The quantitative food frequency questionnaire contains 39 traditional food items. This quantitative food frequency questionnaire can be used to assess the unique diet of the Alaska Native people of Western Alaska. This tool will allow for monitoring of dietary changes over time as well as the identification of foods and nutrients that could be promoted in a nutrition intervention program intended to reduce chronic disease.

CaCO3-N İlişkileri 4.Değişik Reaksiyonlu Toprakların Karşılaştırılması

OpenAIRE

BROHI, A.Raşit; Aydeniz, A.

1990-01-01

Kireç - azot bitkilerini açıklayabilmek için, değişik reaksiyonlu 3örnek (Rize-asit, Siverek nötr - hafif alkali, Aligör - alkali) alınarak bunların : % 0-0.5-1-1.5-2-3-4-5-10 oranlarında CaCO3 ve 0-1-5-20:50- 100-200 500 veya 1000 ppm düzeylerinde N katmak sureti ile hazırlanan topraklarda büyütme odasında, mini-biyolojik yöntemle domates yetiştirmek ve 65 gün (alkali topraktakileri 87. gün sonra) sonra hasat etmek suretiyle yapılan araştırma sonuçları şu şekilde özetlenebilir. 1.Asit top...

Singularities in the general theory of relativity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Treder, H.J.

1980-01-01

'Regular solutions of Einstein's equations' mean very different things. In the case of the empty-space equations, Rsub(ik) = o, such solutions must be metrics gsub(ik)(xsup(l)) without additionaly singular 'field sources' (Einstein's 'Particle problem'). However the 'phenomenological matter' is defined by the Einstein equations Rsub(ik) - 1/2gsub(ik)R = -kappaTsub(ik) itselves. Therefore if 10 regular functions gsub(ik)(xsup(l)) are given (which the inequalities of Lorentz-signature fulfil) then these gsub(ik) define 10 functions Tsub(ik)(xsup(l)) without singularities. But, the matter-tensor Tsub(ik) must fulfil the two inequalities T >= o, T 0 0 >= 1/2 T only and therefore the Einstein-equations with 'phenomenological matter' mean the two inequalities R >= o, R 0 0 <= o which are incompatible with a permanently regular metric with Lorentz-signature, generally. (author)

Investigating the compatibility of the biocontrol agent Clonostachys rosea IK726 with prodigiosin-producing Serratia rubidaea S55 and phenazine-producing Pseudomonas chlororaphis ToZa7.

Science.gov (United States)

Kamou, Nathalie N; Dubey, Mukesh; Tzelepis, Georgios; Menexes, Georgios; Papadakis, Emmanouil N; Karlsson, Magnus; Lagopodi, Anastasia L; Jensen, Dan Funck

2016-05-01

This study was carried out to assess the compatibility of the biocontrol fungus Clonostachys rosea IK726 with the phenazine-producing Pseudomonas chlororaphis ToZa7 or with the prodigiosin-producing Serratia rubidaea S55 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. The pathogen was inhibited by both strains in vitro, whereas C. rosea displayed high tolerance to S. rubidaea but not to P. chlororaphis. We hypothesized that this could be attributed to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins. The results of the reverse transcription quantitative PCR showed an induction of seven genes (abcB1, abcB20, abcB26, abcC12, abcC12, abcG8 and abcG25) from subfamilies B, C and G. In planta experiments showed a significant reduction in foot and root rot on tomato plants inoculated with C. rosea and P. chlororaphis. This study demonstrates the potential for combining different biocontrol agents and suggests an involvement of ABC transporters in secondary metabolite tolerance in C. rosea.

Dicty_cDB: Contig-U04770-1 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available m I P700 apoprot... 48 0.44 1 ( AY422592 ) Dictyota koreana IK24 photosystem I P700 apoprote... 48 0.44 1 ( AY422591 ) Dictyota korea...na IK23 photosystem I P700 apoprote... 48 0.44 1 ( AY422590 ) Dictyota korea...na IK22 photosystem I P700 apoprote... 48 0.44 1 ( AY422589 ) Dictyota koreana IK21 phot...osystem I P700 apoprote... 48 0.44 1 ( AY422588 ) Dictyota koreana IK20 photosystem I P700 apoprote... 48 0....44 1 ( AY422587 ) Dictyota koreana IK17 photosystem I P700 apoprote... 48 0.44 1 ( AY422586 ) Dictyota alter

Impaired Na⁺-dependent regulation of acetylcholine-activated inward-rectifier K⁺ current modulates action potential rate dependence in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation.

Science.gov (United States)

Voigt, Niels; Heijman, Jordi; Trausch, Anne; Mintert-Jancke, Elisa; Pott, Lutz; Ravens, Ursula; Dobrev, Dobromir

2013-08-01

Shortened action-potential duration (APD) and blunted APD rate adaptation are hallmarks of chronic atrial fibrillation (cAF). Basal and muscarinic (M)-receptor-activated inward-rectifier K(+) currents (IK1 and IK,ACh, respectively) contribute to regulation of human atrial APD and are subject to cAF-dependent remodeling. Intracellular Na(+) ([Na(+)]i) enhances IK,ACh in experimental models but the effect of [Na(+)]i-dependent regulation of inward-rectifier K(+) currents on APD in human atrial myocytes is currently unknown. Here, we report a [Na(+)]i-dependent inhibition of outward IK1 in atrial myocytes from sinus rhythm (SR) or cAF patients. In contrast, IK,ACh activated by carbachol, a non-selective M-receptor agonist, increased with elevation of [Na(+)]i in SR. This [Na(+)]i-dependent IK,ACh regulation was absent in cAF. Including [Na(+)]i dependence of IK1 and IK,ACh in a recent computational model of the human atrial myocyte revealed that [Na(+)]i accumulation at fast rates inhibits IK1 and blunts physiological APD rate dependence in both groups. [Na(+)]i-dependent IK,ACh augmentation at fast rates increased APD rate dependence in SR, but not in cAF. These results identify impaired Na(+)-sensitivity of IK,ACh as one potential mechanism contributing to the blunted APD rate dependence in patients with cAF. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Na(+) Regulation in Cardiac Myocytes". Copyright © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Isoegomaketone induces apoptosis in SK-MEL-2 human melanoma cells through mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via activating the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Science.gov (United States)

Kwon, Soon-Jae; Lee, Ju-Hye; Moon, Kwang-Deog; Jeong, Il-Yun; Yee, Sung-Tae; Lee, Mi-Kyung; Seo, Kwon-Il

2014-11-01

Isoegomaketone (IK) is a major biologically active component of Perilla frutescens. In this study, we investigated the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to IK-induced apoptosis in human melanoma SK-MEL-2 cells. We found that IK inhibited the proliferation of SK-MEL-2 human melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. IK also induced sub-G1 DNA accumulation, formation of apoptotic bodies, nuclear condensation, and a DNA ladder in SK-MEL-2 cells. IK also induced activation of caspase-3 and -9, whereas caspase‑8 was unaffected. Further, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, ROS scavenger) treatment to SK-MEL-2 cells significantly reduced IK-induced cell death. Pretreatment of NAC to SK-MEL-2 cells followed by 100 µM IK reduced the protein levels of Bax and cytochrome c as well as PARP cleavage, whereas the protein level of Bcl-2 increased. Moreover, IK inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT/mTOR protein and cell proliferation induced by LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor. In conclusion, IK-induced ROS generation regulates cell growth inhibition and it induces apoptosis through caspase‑dependent and -independent pathways via modulation of PI3K/AKT signaling in SK-MEL-2 cells.

Review of indigenous knowledge in Uganda: implications for its promotion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

John R.S. Tabuti

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Indigenous knowledge (IK has a role to play for households and community well-being in Uganda. However, IK is undergoing significant change and is on the decline in Uganda because of factors such as acculturation or the loss of IK through exposure to external cultures. In this paper we review some of the roles of, and threats to, IK with particular reference to the local community of Kaliro District. We make some recommendations on how to conserve IK in Kaliro and elsewhere in Uganda. Key words: traditional knowledge, conservation, traditional medicine, ethnobotany

Positive Feedback Regulation of Agonist-Stimulated Endothelial Ca2+ Dynamics by KCa3.1 Channels in Mouse Mesenteric Arteries

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Qian, Xun; Francis, Michael; Köhler, Ralf

2014-01-01

Intermediate and small conductance KCa channels IK1 (KCa3.1) and SK3 (KCa2.3) are primary targets of endothelial Ca(2+) signals in the arterial vasculature, and their ablation results in increased arterial tone and hypertension. Activation of IK1 channels by local Ca(2+) transients from internal ...... stores or plasma membrane channels promotes arterial hyperpolarization and vasodilation. Here, we assess arteries from genetically altered IK1 knockout mice (IK1(-/-)) to determine whether IK1 channels exert a positive feedback influence on endothelial Ca(2+) dynamics....

Associations between diet and cardiometabolic risk among Yup'ik Alaska Native people using food frequency questionnaire dietary patterns.

Science.gov (United States)

Ryman, T K; Boyer, B B; Hopkins, S; Philip, J; Beresford, S A A; Thompson, B; Heagerty, P J; Pomeroy, J J; Thummel, K E; Austin, M A

2015-12-01

In previous analyses, we identified three dietary patterns from food frequency questionnaire data among a sample of Yup'ik Alaska Native people living in Southwest Alaska: a "subsistence foods" dietary pattern and two market-based dietary patterns "processed foods" and "fruits and vegetables". In this analysis, we aimed to characterize the association between the dietary patterns and cardiometabolic (CM) risk factors (lipids, blood pressure, glucose, adiposity). We used multilevel linear regression to estimate the mean of each CM risk factor, comparing participants in the 4th to the 1st quartile of each dietary pattern (n = 637). Models were adjusted for age, sex, past smoking, current smoking, and physical activity. Mean log triglyceride levels were significantly higher among participants in the 4th compared to the 1st quartile of the processed foods dietary pattern (β = 0.11). Mean HbA1c percent was significantly lower (β = -0.08) and mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) mm Hg was significantly higher (β = 2.87) among participants in the 4th compared to the 1st quartile of the fruits and vegetables dietary pattern. Finally, mean log triglyceride levels and mean DBP mm Hg were significantly lower among participants in the 4th compared to the 1st quartile of the subsistence foods dietary pattern (β = -0.10 and β = -3.99 respectively). We found increased CM risk, as reflected by increased triglycerides, associated with eating a greater frequency of processed foods, and reduced CM risk, as reflected by lower triglycerides and DBP, associated with eating a greater frequency of subsistence foods. Copyright © 2015 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ginseng gintonin activates the human cardiac delayed rectifier K+ channel: involvement of Ca2+/calmodulin binding sites.

Science.gov (United States)

Choi, Sun-Hye; Lee, Byung-Hwan; Kim, Hyeon-Joong; Jung, Seok-Won; Kim, Hyun-Sook; Shin, Ho-Chul; Lee, Jun-Hee; Kim, Hyoung-Chun; Rhim, Hyewhon; Hwang, Sung-Hee; Ha, Tal Soo; Kim, Hyun-Ji; Cho, Hana; Nah, Seung-Yeol

2014-09-01

Gintonin, a novel, ginseng-derived G protein-coupled lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor ligand, elicits [Ca(2+)]i transients in neuronal and non-neuronal cells via pertussis toxin-sensitive and pertussis toxin-insensitive G proteins. The slowly activating delayed rectifier K(+) (I(Ks)) channel is a cardiac K(+) channel composed of KCNQ1 and KCNE1 subunits. The C terminus of the KCNQ1 channel protein has two calmodulin-binding sites that are involved in regulating I(Ks) channels. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of gintonin-mediated activation of human I(Ks) channel activity by expressing human I(Ks) channels in Xenopus oocytes. We found that gintonin enhances IKs channel currents in concentration- and voltage-dependent manners. The EC50 for the I(Ks) channel was 0.05 ± 0.01 μg/ml. Gintonin-mediated activation of the I(Ks) channels was blocked by an LPA1/3 receptor antagonist, an active phospholipase C inhibitor, an IP3 receptor antagonist, and the calcium chelator BAPTA. Gintonin-mediated activation of both the I(Ks) channel was also blocked by the calmodulin (CaM) blocker calmidazolium. Mutations in the KCNQ1 [Ca(2+)]i/CaM-binding IQ motif sites (S373P, W392R, or R539W)blocked the action of gintonin on I(Ks) channel. However, gintonin had no effect on hERG K(+) channel activity. These results show that gintonin-mediated enhancement of I(Ks) channel currents is achieved through binding of the [Ca(2+)]i/CaM complex to the C terminus of KCNQ1 subunit.

Role of an inward rectifier K+ current and of hyperpolarization in human myoblast fusion

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, J-H; Bijlenga, P; Fischer-Lougheed, J; Occhiodoro, T; Kaelin, A; Bader, C R; Bernheim, L

1998-01-01

The role of K+ channels and membrane potential in myoblast fusion was evaluated by examining resting membrane potential and timing of expression of K+ currents at three stages of differentiation of human myogenic cells: undifferentiated myoblasts, fusion-competent myoblasts (FCMBs), and freshly formed myotubes. Two K+ currents contribute to a hyperpolarization of myoblasts prior to fusion: IK(NI), a non-inactivating delayed rectifier, and IK(IR), an inward rectifier. IK(NI) density is low in undifferentiated myoblasts, increases in FCMBs and declines in myotubes. On the other hand, IK(IR) is expressed in 28 % of the FCMBs and in all myotubes. IK(IR) is reversibly blocked by Ba2+ or Cs+. Cells expressing IK(IR) have resting membrane potentials of −65 mV. A block by Ba2+ or Cs+ induces a depolarization to a voltage determined by IK(NI) (−32 mV). Cs+ and Ba2+ ions reduce myoblast fusion. It is hypothesized that the IK(IR)-mediated hyperpolarization allows FCMBs to recruit Na+, K+ and T-type Ca2+ channels which are present in these cells and would otherwise be inactivated. FCMBs, rendered thereby capable of firing action potentials, could amplify depolarizing signals and may accelerate fusion. PMID:9705997

A New Visualization Approach to Re-Contextualize Indigenous Knowledge in Rural Africa

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rodil, Kasper; Winschiers-Theophilus, Heike; Bidwell, Nicola J.

2011-01-01

Current views of sustainable development recognize the importance of accepting the Indigenous Knowledge (IK) of rural people. However, there is an increasing technological gap between Elder IK holders and the younger generation and a persistent incompatibility between IK and the values, logics an...

A case for understanding user experience challenges confronting indigenous knowledge recorders in rural communities in South Africa

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Khalala, G

2013-05-01

Full Text Available . The South African government adopted a policy in 2004; to develop the Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS). The policy provided a platform for the recognition, affirmation, development, promotion and protection of IKS in South Africa. The NRS initiative... that have attempted to implement IKS are highlighted below: 3.1 Biozulua database The Biozulua database initiative from Venezuela was established to record IK in order to encourage innovation using traditional knowledge and to facilitate the sharing...

Lonkkaproteesipotilaan hoitopolku suunnitelluissa lonkkaleikkauksissa : DVD:n laatiminen

OpenAIRE

Rantanen, Petteri; Kesti, Jonas

2013-01-01

Hyvällä ja monipuolisella informaatiolla on suuri merkitys ikäihmisten käsityksiin ja ennakkoasenteisiin leikkaukseen mentäessä. Ikä asettaa usein rajoitteita tiedon vastaanottamisessa ja sen käsittelyssä. Vajavaiset tiedot johtavat ikäviin ennakko-asenteisiin ja pelkoihin leikkausta kohtaan. Monipuolisella tiedottamisella voidaan hälventää näitä ennakkoasenteita ja pelkotiloja. Tämän toiminnallisen opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli tuottaa informatiivinen video ikäihmisille lonkkaproteesile...

Genetic polymorphisms in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A gene are associated with variation in body composition and fasting lipid traits in Yup'ik Eskimos[S

Science.gov (United States)

Lemas, Dominick J.; Wiener, Howard W.; O'Brien, Diane M.; Hopkins, Scarlett; Stanhope, Kimber L.; Havel, Peter J.; Allison, David B.; Fernandez, Jose R.; Tiwari, Hemant K.; Boyer, Bert B.

2012-01-01

Variants of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), a key hepatic lipid oxidation enzyme, may influence how fatty acid oxidation contributes to obesity and metabolic outcomes. CPT1A is regulated by diet, suggesting interactions between gene variants and diet may influence outcomes. The objective of this study was to test the association of CPT1A variants with body composition and lipids, mediated by consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Obesity phenotypes and fasting lipids were measured in a cross-sectional sample of Yup'ik Eskimo individuals (n = 1141) from the Center of Alaska Native Health Research (CANHR) study. Twenty-eight tagging CPT1A SNPs were evaluated with outcomes of interest in regression models accounting for family structure. Several CPT1A polymorphisms were associated with HDL-cholesterol and obesity phenotypes. The P479L (rs80356779) variant was associated with all obesity-related traits and fasting HDL-cholesterol. Interestingly, the association of P479L with HDL-cholesterol was still significant after correcting for body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat (PBF), or waist circumference (WC). Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the L479 allele of the CPT1A P479L variant confers a selective advantage that is both cardioprotective (through increased HDL-cholesterol) and associated with reduced adiposity. PMID:22045927

Sex differences in repolarization and slow delayed rectifier potassium current and their regulation by sympathetic stimulation in rabbits.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Yujie; Ai, Xun; Oster, Robert A; Bers, Donald M; Pogwizd, Steven M

2013-06-01

Slow delayed rectifier potassium current (IKs) is important in action potential (AP) repolarization and repolarization reserve. We tested the hypothesis that there are sex-specific differences in IKs, AP, and their regulation by β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR's) using whole-cell patch-clamp. AP duration (APD90) was significantly longer in control female (F) than in control male (M) myocytes. Isoproterenol (ISO, 500 nM) shortened APD90 comparably in M and F, and was largely reversed by β1-AR blocker CGP 20712A (CGP, 300 nM). Inhibition of IKs with chromanol 293B (10 μM) resulted in less APD prolongation in F at baseline (3.0 vs 8.9 %, p < 0.05 vs M) and even in the presence of ISO (5.4 vs 20.9 %, p < 0.05). This suggests that much of the ISO-induced APD abbreviation in F is independent of IKs. In F, baseline IKs was 42 % less and was more weakly activated by ISO (19 vs 68 % in M, p < 0.01). ISO enhancement of IKs was comparably attenuated by CGP in M and F. After ovariectomy, IKs in F had greater enhancement by ISO (72 %), now comparable to control M. After orchiectomy, IKs in M was only slightly enhanced by ISO (23 %), comparable to control F. Pretreatment with thapsigargin (to block SR Ca release) had bigger impact on ISO-induced APD shortening in F than that in M (p < 0.01). In conclusion, we found that there are sex differences in IKs, AP, and their regulation by β-AR's that are modulated by sex hormones, suggesting the potential for sex-specific antiarrhythmic therapy.

Feasibility of a community intervention for the prevention of suicide and alcohol abuse with Yup'ik Alaska Native youth: the Elluam Tungiinun and Yupiucimta Asvairtuumallerkaa studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohatt, Gerald V; Fok, Carlotta Ching Ting; Henry, David; Allen, James

2014-09-01

The Elluam Tungiinun and Yupiucimta Asvairtuumallerkaa studies evaluated the feasibility of a community intervention to prevent suicide and alcohol abuse among rural Yup'ik Alaska Native youth in two remote communities. The intervention originated in an Indigenous model of protection, and its development used a community based participatory research process. Feasibility assessment aimed to assess the extent to which (1) the intervention could be implemented in rural Alaska Native communities, and (2) the intervention was capable of producing measurable effects. Scales maximally sensitive to change were derived from earlier measurement work, and the study contrasted implementation process and outcomes across the two communities. In one community, medium dose response effects (d = .30-.50), with dose defined as number of intervention activities attended, were observed in the growth of intermediate protective factors and ultimate variables. In the other community, medium dose effects were observed for one intermediate protective factor variable, and small dose effects were observed in ultimate variables. Differences across communities in resources supporting intervention explain these contrasting outcomes. Results suggest implementation in these rural Alaska settings is feasible when sufficient resources are available to sustain high levels of local commitment. In such cases, measureable effects are sufficient to warrant a prevention trial.

Software architecture for an indigenous knowledge management system

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Fogwill, T

2011-11-01

Full Text Available in technological land- scape. It preserves IK in a digital form that remains acces- sible to the original IK holders. It does so by recording and archiving audio/visual content that captures, to the extent possible, the oral, visual and performed aspects of IK...-end (described in section 6.2). The knowledge repository and the Fedora technology at its core are described in this section. The DKR stores and maintains digital audio/visual record- ings of the captured IK. While these audio/visual record- ings may...

Emergence of Cryptosporidium hominis Monkey Genotype II and Novel Subtype Family Ik in the Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus) in China.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Xuehan; Xie, Na; Li, Wei; Zhou, Ziyao; Zhong, Zhijun; Shen, Liuhong; Cao, Suizhong; Yu, Xingming; Hu, Yanchuan; Chen, Weigang; Peng, Gangneng

2015-01-01

A single Cryptosporidium isolate from a squirrel monkey with no clinical symptoms was obtained from a zoo in Ya'an city, China, and was genotyped by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing of the small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA), 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70), Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein, and actin genes. This multilocus genetic characterization determined that the isolate was Cryptosporidium hominis, but carried 2, 10, and 6 nucleotide differences in the SSU rRNA, HSP70, and actin loci, respectively, which is comparable to the variations at these loci between C. hominis and the previously reported monkey genotype (2, 3, and 3 nucleotide differences). Phylogenetic studies, based on neighbor-joining and maximum likelihood methods, showed that the isolate identified in the current study had a distinctly discordant taxonomic status, distinct from known C. hominis and also from the monkey genotype, with respect to the three loci. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the SSU rRNA gene obtained from this study were similar to those of known C. hominis but clearly differentiated from the monkey genotype. Further subtyping was performed by sequence analysis of the gene encoding the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60). Maximum homology of only 88.3% to C. hominis subtype IdA10G4 was observed for the current isolate, and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that this particular isolate belonged to a novel C. hominis subtype family, IkA7G4. This study is the first to report C. hominis infection in the squirrel monkey and, based on the observed genetic characteristics, confirms a new C. hominis genotype, monkey genotype II. Thus, these results provide novel insights into genotypic variation in C. hominis.

Harnessing indigenous knowledge for sustainable forest management in Ghana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Margaret Sraku-Lartey

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper makes a case for harnessing indigenous knowledge (IK for sustainable national development in Ghana. IK according to the World Bank is the basic component of any country’s knowledge system and it is upon this knowledge that scientific research builds. In Ghana the Government has recognized the need to harness IK for sustainable national development and has therefore incorporated it into the National Science, Technology and Innovation Development Programme. But there is no evidence however that scientific research in Ghana actually takes IK into consideration during the research process. This paper discusses the concept of indigenous knowledge, its relevance in scientific discourse and the need for harnessing it for national development in Ghana. A desk study was conducted using journal publications, research and technical reports, online databases and the internet. About sixty articles were analysed using the thematic synthesis method under the following broad headings: Importance of Indigenous knowledge, Indigenous forest foods, Indigenous medicines, IK and food security, the management and processing of IK and the protection of Indigenous Knowledge.The results of the study established the need to document the local knowledge using appropriate procedures and strategies. It also concludes by suggesting that IK in Ghana must be protected by law and integrated into formal science.

It Matters Who You Are: Indigenous Knowledge Research and Researchers

Science.gov (United States)

Keane, Moyra; Khupe, Constance; Muza, Blessings

2016-01-01

It is common for researchers in Indigenous Knowledge (IK) in science education research to draw on aspects of the scientific paradigm from their science training. The consequent research seeks to be objective. This paradigm is not necessarily appropriate for IK research. While there have been calls for IK-aligned methodologies (Chilisa 2012; Keane…

An intermediate-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channel is important for secretion in pancreatic duct cells

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hayashi, Mikio; Wang, Jing; Hede, Susanne Edeling

2012-01-01

2; Slack; Slick; and an intermediate-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (IK) channel (K(Ca)3.1). The following functional studies were focused on the IK channel. 5,6-Dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazole-2-one (DC-EBIO), an activator of IK channel, increased equivalent short-circuit current...

Dicty_cDB: AFJ501 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available QPPAN SAGCWNILTYQPLEGYVVAISPFNFTAIGLNLSSAPALMGNVVLWKPASTAVL--- ---IKDRLGYWC*ik*kmgqsddfssfvsavidknsfnniqsyieha...i*vqpql*wvmlsfgsllqllsy--- ---IKDRLGYWC*ik*kmgqsddfssfvsavidknsfnniqsyiehakaspdaeiivggk cdssvgwfveptiilakdph

Knowledge apartheid in disaster risk management discourse: Is marrying indigenous and scientific knowledge the missing link?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mukundi Mutasa

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Indigenous knowledge (IK is a key component of disaster risk management (DRM and development planning, yet it is often overlooked, with practitioners preferring to use scientific knowledge. Critics of IK have termed it archaic, primitive, a constraint to development and inferior to scientific knowledge, which has contributed to its widespread marginalisation. However, smallholder farmers in rural Zimbabwe have utilised IK for generations, especially in predicting rainfall patterns and managing drought conditions, showing that IK can be a useful tool in DRM. This article presents findings from research on drought vulnerability and coping conducted in Zimbabwe’s Buhera and Chikomba districts in 2009, particularly relating to utilisation of IK in smallholder farming communities, and argues that unless IK is documented and preserved, its marginalisation will persist. The research followed a mixed-methods approach whereby both quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analysed. Whilst smallholder respondents were randomly selected for household surveys, snowball sampling was employed for key informant interviews. Respondents indicated that they utilised some indigenous rainfall pattern predictions gained from observing and interpreting plant and animal behaviour. Some cultural practices that were critical to development and utilisation of certain IK were also threatened with extinction. The article argues for ’marrying’ IK and scientific knowledge, in the hope that the two will offset each other’s weaknesses, resulting in some kind of hybrid knowledge that will be critical for promoting sustainable agricultural production in Zimbabwe. However, this is not for disregard the challenges associated with knowledge hybridisation, as these two types of knowledge are grounded on differing foundations.

[Libri civitatis I. Pamĕtni kniha mĕsta českế lipy (Gedenkbuch der Stadt Böhmisch Leipa) 1461-1722 ; Libri civitatis II. Rejstřik stavby děkanského kostela nanebevzetí panny Marie v mostě (Bauregister der Dekanalkirche Maria Himmelfahrt in

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Mareš, Jan

2011-01-01

Arvustus: Libri civitatis I. Pamĕtni kniha mĕsta českế lipy (Gedenkbuch der Stadt Böhmisch Leipa) 1461-1722. (Ǘstí nad Labem, 2005) ; Libri civitatis II. Rejstřik stavby děkanského kostela nanebevzetí panny Marie v mostě (Bauregister der Dekanalkirche Maria Himmelfahrt in Brüx) 1517-1519. (Ǘstí nad Labem, 2006) ; Libri civitatis II. Městká kniha litoměřic (1341)-1562 v kontextu písemností městké kanceláre (Stadtbuch von Leitmeritz (1341)-1562 im Kontext des Schiftgutes der Stadtkanzlei (Ǘstí nad Labem, 2006)

Polyunsaturated fatty acid analogs act antiarrhythmically on the cardiac I_Ks channel

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Liin, Sara I.; Silverå Ejneby, Malin; Barro-Soria, Rene

2015-01-01

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) affect cardiac excitability. Kv7.1 and the β-subunit KCNE1 form the cardiac IKs channel that is central for cardiac repolarization. In this study, we explore the prospects of PUFAs as IKs channel modulators. We report that PUFAs open Kv7.1 via an electrostatic...... charge at neutral pH, restore the sensitivity to open IKs channels. PUFA analogs with a positively charged head group inhibit IKs channels. These different PUFA analogs could be developed into drugs to treat cardiac arrhythmias. In support of this possibility, we show that PUFA analogs act...

Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP mediates slow delayed-rectifier current remodeling by sustained β-adrenergic activation in guinea pig hearts.

Science.gov (United States)

Aflaki, Mona; Qi, Xiao-Yan; Xiao, Ling; Ordog, Balazs; Tadevosyan, Artavazd; Luo, Xiaobin; Maguy, Ange; Shi, Yanfen; Tardif, Jean-Claude; Nattel, Stanley

2014-03-14

β-Adrenoceptor activation contributes to sudden death risk in heart failure. Chronic β-adrenergic stimulation, as occurs in patients with heart failure, causes potentially arrhythmogenic reductions in slow delayed-rectifier K(+) current (IKs). To assess the molecular mechanisms of IKs downregulation caused by chronic β-adrenergic activation, particularly the role of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac). Isolated guinea pig left ventricular cardiomyocytes were incubated in primary culture and exposed to isoproterenol (1 μmol/L) or vehicle for 30 hours. Sustained isoproterenol exposure decreased IKs density (whole cell patch clamp) by 58% (P<0.0001), with corresponding decreases in potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1 (KCNE1) mRNA and membrane protein expression (by 45% and 51%, respectively). Potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily, member 1 (KCNQ1) mRNA expression was unchanged. The β1-adrenoceptor antagonist 1-[2-((3-Carbamoyl-4-hydroxy)phenoxy)ethylamino]-3-[4-(1-methyl-4-trifluoromethyl-2-imidazolyl)phenoxy]-2-propanol dihydrochloride (CGP-20712A) prevented isoproterenol-induced IKs downregulation, whereas the β2-antagonist ICI-118551 had no effect. The selective Epac activator 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP decreased IKs density to an extent similar to isoproterenol exposure, and adenoviral-mediated knockdown of Epac1 prevented isoproterenol-induced IKs/KCNE1 downregulation. In contrast, protein kinase A inhibition with a cell-permeable highly selective peptide blocker did not affect IKs downregulation. 1,2-Bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate-AM acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM), cyclosporine, and inhibitor of nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT)-calcineurin association-6 (INCA6) prevented IKs reduction by isoproterenol and INCA6 suppressed isoproterenol-induced KCNE1 downregulation, consistent with signal-transduction via the Ca(2+)/calcineurin/NFAT pathway. Isoproterenol induced nuclear NFATc3/c4

InChI in the wild: an assessment of InChIKey searching in Google

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

While chemical databases can be queried using the InChI string and InChIKey (IK) the latter was designed for open-web searching. It is becoming increasingly effective for this since more sources enhance crawling of their websites by the Googlebot and consequent IK indexing. Searchers who use Google as an adjunct to database access may be less familiar with the advantages of using the IK as explored in this review. As an example, the IK for atorvastatin retrieves ~200 low-redundancy links from a Google search in 0.3 of a second. These include most major databases and a very low false-positive rate. Results encompass less familiar but potentially useful sources and can be extended to isomer capture by using just the skeleton layer of the IK. Google Advanced Search can be used to filter large result sets. Image searching with the IK is also effective and complementary to open-web queries. Results can be particularly useful for less-common structures as exemplified by a major metabolite of atorvastatin giving only three hits. Testing also demonstrated document-to-document and document-to-database joins via structure matching. The necessary generation of an IK from chemical names can be accomplished using open tools and resources for patents, papers, abstracts or other text sources. Active global sharing of local IK-linked information can be accomplished via surfacing in open laboratory notebooks, blogs, Twitter, figshare and other routes. While information-rich chemistry (e.g. approved drugs) can exhibit swamping and redundancy effects, the much smaller IK result sets for link-poor structures become a transformative first-pass option. The IK indexing has therefore turned Google into a de-facto open global chemical information hub by merging links to most significant sources, including over 50 million PubChem and ChemSpider records. The simplicity, specificity and speed of matching make it a useful option for biologists or others less familiar with chemical searching

Valsartan Attenuates KIR2.1 by Downregulating the Th1 Immune Response in Rats Following Myocardial Infarction.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xinran; Hu, Hesheng; Wang, Ye; Xue, Mei; Li, Xiaolu; Cheng, Wenjuan; Xuan, Yongli; Yin, Jie; Yang, Na; Yan, Suhua

2016-03-01

Myocardial infarction (MI) results in decreased inward-rectifier K⁺ current (IK1), which is mediated primarily by the Kir2.1 protein and is accompanied by upregulated T cells. Interferon γ (IFN-γ), secreted predominantly by Th1 cells, causes a decrease in IK1 in microglia. Whether Th1 cells can induce IK1/Kir2.1 remodeling following MI and whether valsartan can ameliorate this phenomenon remain unclear. Rats experiencing MI received either valsartan or saline for 7 days. Th1-enriched lymphocytes and myocytes were cocultured with or without valsartan treatment. Th1 cells were monitored by flow cytometry. The protein levels of Kir2.1 were detected by Western blot analyses. IK1 was recorded through whole-cell patch clamping. The plasma levels of IFN-γ, interleukin 2, and tumor necrosis factor α were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Th1 cell number and cytokine expression levels were higher following MI, and the Kir2.1 protein level was decreased. In MI rats, valsartan reduced Th1 cell number and cytokine expression levels and increased the Kir2.1 expression and the IK1 current compared with the rats that received saline treatment; these results are consistent with the effect of valsartan in cocultured lymphocytes and myocytes. In vitro, IFN-γ overexpression suppressed the IK1 current, whereas interleukin 2 and tumor necrosis factor α had no significant effect on the current, establishing that Th1 cell regulation of IK1/Kir2.1 expression is mainly dependent on IFN-γ. Valsartan ameliorates IK1/Kir2.1 remodeling by downregulating the Th1 immune response following MI.

Ikaros is degraded by proteasome-dependent mechanism in the early phase of apoptosis induction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

He, Li-Cai; Xu, Han-Zhang; Gu, Zhi-Min; Liu, Chuan-Xu; Chen, Guo-Qiang; Wang, Yue-Fei; Wen, Dong-Hua; Wu, Ying-Li

2011-01-01

Research highlights: → Chemotherapeutic drugs or UV treatment reduces Ikaros prior to caspase-3 activation. → Etoposide treatment does not alter the mRNA but shortens the half-life of Ikaros. → MG132 or epoxomicin but not calpeptin inhibits etoposide-induced Ikaros degradation. → Overexpression of Ikaros accelerates etoposide-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells. -- Abstract: Ikaros is an important transcription factor involved in the development and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. In this work, we found that chemotherapeutic drugs or ultraviolet radiation (UV) treatment could reduce the expression of full-length Ikaros (IK1) protein in less than 3 h in leukemic NB4, Kasumi-1 and Jurkat cells, prior to the activation of caspase-3. Etoposide treatment could not alter the mRNA level of IK1 but it could shorten the half-life of IK1. Co-treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 or epoxomicin but not calpain inhibitor calpeptin inhibited etoposide-induced Ikaros downregulation. Overexpression of IK1 could accelerate etoposide-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells, as evidenced by the increase of Annexin V positive cells and the more early activation of caspase 3. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show that upon chemotherapy drugs or UV treatment, IK1 could be degraded via the proteasome system in the early phase of apoptosis induction. These data might shed new insight on the role of IK1 in apoptosis and the post-translational regulation of IK1.

The Activation Effect of Hainantoxin-I, a Peptide Toxin from the Chinese Spider, Ornithoctonus hainana, on Intermediate-Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pengfei Huang

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (IK channels are calcium/calmodulin-regulated voltage-independent K+ channels. Activation of IK currents is important in vessel and respiratory tissues, rendering the channels potential drug targets. A variety of small organic molecules have been synthesized and found to be potent activators of IK channels. However, the poor selectivity of these molecules limits their therapeutic value. Venom-derived peptides usually block their targets with high specificity. Therefore, we searched for novel peptide activators of IK channels by testing a series of toxins from spiders. Using electrophysiological experiments, we identified hainantoxin-I (HNTX-I as an IK-channel activator. HNTX-I has little effect on voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels from rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and on the heterologous expression of voltage-gated rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ channels (human ether-à-go-go-related gene; human ERG in HEK293T cells. Only 35.2% ± 0.4% of the currents were activated in SK channels, and there was no effect on BK channels. We demonstrated that HNTX-I was not a phrenic nerve conduction blocker or acutely toxic. This is believed to be the first report of a peptide activator effect on IK channels. Our study suggests that the activity and selectivity of HNTX-I on IK channels make HNTX-I a promising template for designing new drugs for cardiovascular diseases.

Human oxidation-specific antibodies reduce foam cell formation and atherosclerosis progression

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tsimikas, Sotirios; Miyanohara, Atsushi; Hartvigsen, Karsten

2011-01-01

We sought to assess the in vivo importance of scavenger receptor (SR)-mediated uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) in atherogenesis and to test the efficacy of human antibody IK17-Fab or IK17 single-chain Fv fragment (IK17-scFv), which lacks immunologic properties of intact antibod...... antibodies other than the ability to inhibit uptake of OxLDL by macrophages, to inhibit atherosclerosis....

Simulating (log(c) n)-wise Independence in NC

Science.gov (United States)

1989-05-01

independent) distribution. However, Xk (A) = (1x(I))k = Z Z y (i,)...X(ik). iEA ijEAi 2 EA IkEA So Lemma 2.4 applies to show that any k-wise independent...AEA AEAi1EA ikEA So henceforth we want an X such that F(X) >_ E[F(X)]. 2.5 Generating k-Wise Independent Variables It still remains to demonstrate a k

Protective effect of the poly(ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor PJ34 on mitochondrial depolarization-mediated cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells involves attenuation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase-2 and protein kinase B/Akt activation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Radnai Balazs

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background 2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl-E-4-arylidene-3-isochromanone (IK11 was previously described to induce apoptotic death of A431 tumor cells. In this report, we investigated the molecular action of IK11 in the HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line to increase our knowledge of the role of poly (ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP, protein kinase B/Akt and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK activation in the survival and death of tumor cells and to highlight the possible role of PARP-inhibitors in co-treatments with different cytotoxic agents in cancer therapy. Results We found that sublethal concentrations of IK11 prevented proliferation, migration and entry of the cells into their G2 phase. At higher concentrations, IK11 induced reactive oxygen species (ROS production, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2, and substantial loss of HepG2 cells. ROS production appeared marginal in mediating the cytotoxicity of IK11 since N-acetyl cysteine was unable to prevent it. However, the PARP inhibitor PJ34, although not a ROS scavenger, strongly inhibited both IK11-induced ROS production and cell death. JNK2 activation seemed to be a major mediator of the effect of IK11 since inhibition of JNK resulted in a substantial cytoprotection while inhibitors of the other kinases failed to do so. Inhibition of Akt slightly diminished the effect of IK11, while the JNK and Akt inhibitor and ROS scavenger trans-resveratrol completely protected against it. Conclusions These results indicate significant involvement of PARP, a marginal role of ROS and a pro-apoptotic role of Akt in this system, and raise attention to a novel mechanism that should be considered when cancer therapy is augmented with PARP-inhibition, namely the cytoprotection by inhibition of JNK2.

Dicty_cDB: VSJ452 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available lkth*haqlllvitkri*pk*fhlml hqvntlvtllspiktmlkspvlmliltckrik*nkik*khtix* Frame C: ik*neiiisp...ydrndsi*csir* ihw*rcyhrskqc*nrly*c*y*lvne*nkik*nkntpsinyl*ikkk--- ---ik*neiiisplfrscfsfpifhpslvklwyccr*ipnyq

Aldosterone down-regulates the slowly activated delayed rectifier potassium current in adult guinea pig cardiomyocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Lv, Yankun; Bai, Song; Zhang, Hua; Zhang, Hongxue; Meng, Jing; Li, Li; Xu, Yanfang

2015-12-01

There is emerging evidence that the mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone is associated with arrhythmias in cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of aldosterone on the slowly activated delayed rectifier potassium current (IK s ) remains poorly understood. The present study was designed to investigate the modulation of IK s by aldosterone. Adult guinea pigs were treated with aldosterone for 28 days via osmotic pumps. Standard glass microelectrode recordings and whole-cell patch-clamp techniques were used to record action potentials in papillary muscles and IK s in ventricular cardiomyocytes. The aldosterone-treated animals exhibited a prolongation of the QT interval and action potential duration with a higher incidence of early afterdepolarizations. Patch-clamp recordings showed a significant down-regulation of IK s density in the ventricular myocytes of these treated animals. These aldosterone-induced electrophysiological changes were fully prevented by a combined treatment with spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist. In addition, in in vitro cultured ventricular cardiomyocytes, treatment with aldosterone (sustained exposure for 24 h) decreased the IK s density in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, a significant corresponding reduction in the mRNA/protein expression of IKs channel pore and auxiliary subunits, KCNQ1 and KCNE1 was detected in ventricular tissue from the aldosterone-treated animals. Aldosterone down-regulates IK s by inhibiting the expression of KCNQ1 and KCNE1, thus delaying the ventricular repolarization. These results provide new insights into the mechanism underlying K(+) channel remodelling in heart disease and may explain the highly beneficial effects of MR antagonists in HF. © 2015 The British Pharmacological Society.

The development of the measurement technique of the control rod worth with the inverse kinetics method considering the influence of the steady neutron source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takeuchi, Mitsuo; Wada, Shigeru; Takahashi, Hiroyuki; Hayashi, Kazuhiko; Murayama, Yoji

2000-09-01

At the research reactor such as JRR-3M, the operation management is carried out in order to ensure safe operation, for example, the excess reactivity is measured regularly and confirmed that it satisfies a safety condition. The excess reactivity is calculated using control rod position in criticality and control rod worth measured by a positive period method (P.P method), the conventional inverse kinetic method (IK method) and so on. The neutron source, however, influences measurement results and brings in a measurement error. A new IK method considering the influence of the steady neutron sources is proposed and applied to the JRR-3M. This report shows that the proposed IK method measures control rod worth more precisely than a conventional IK method. (author)

Some Methods for Calculating Competition Coefficients from Resource-Utilization Spectra.

Science.gov (United States)

Schoener, Thomas W

When relative frequencies of resource kinds in the diet are known, the competition coefficient giving the effect of competitor j on i may be computed as \\documentclass{aastex} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{bm} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{pifont} \\usepackage{stmaryrd} \\usepackage{textcomp} \\usepackage{portland,xspace} \\usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\pagestyle{empty} \\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \\begin{document}$$\\alpha_{ij}=\\left(\\frac{T_{j}}{T_{i}}\\right)\\left[\\frac{{\\sum\\limits_{k=1}^{m}}(d_{ik}/f_{k})\\:(d_{jk}/f_{k})\\:b_{ik}}{\\sum\\limits_{k=1}^{m}(d_{ik}/f_{k})^{2}\\:b_{ik}}\\right],$$\\end{document} where T j /T i = the ratio of the number of items consumed by an individual of competitor j to that consumed by an individual of competitor i, measured over an interval of time that includes all regular fluctuations in consumption for both species; d ik = the frequency of resource k in the diet of competitor i (and similarly for d jk ); f k = the standing frequency of resource k in the environment; b ik = the net calories gained by an individual of competitor i from an item of resource k, or more approximately the calories contained in an item of resource k, or still more approximately the weight or volume of an item of resource k; and the summations are taken over all resources eaten by at least one of the competing species. The coefficient follows from MacArthur's (1968) consumer-resource system when the ratio of the carrying capacity to intrinsic rate of increase is constant for all resources. When relative frequencies of time spent foraging in habitat kinds are known, the competition coefficient may be computed as \\documentclass{aastex} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{bm} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{pifont} \\usepackage{stmaryrd} \\usepackage{textcomp} \\usepackage{portland,xspace} \\usepackage

Understanding indigenous knowledge: Bridging the knowledge gap through a knowledge creation model for agricultural development

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edda T. Lwoga

2010-12-01

Full Text Available This article addresses the management of agricultural indigenous knowledge (IK in developing countries, with a specific focus on Tanzania. It provides background details on IK and its importance for agricultural development. It introduces various knowledge management (KM concepts and discusses their application in managing IK in the developing world by placing Nonaka’s knowledge creation theory (Nonaka 1991; Nonaka & Takeuchi 1995; Nonaka, Toyama & Konno 2000 in the context of the local communities. Data from focus groups were used to triangulate with data from interviews in order to validate, confirm and corroborate quantitative results with qualitative findings. The study findings showed that knowledge creation theory can be used to manage IK in the local communities, however, adequate and appropriate resources need to be allocated for capturing and preserving IK before it disappears altogether. For sustainable agricultural development, the communities have to be placed within a knowledge-creating setting that continuously creates, distributes and shares knowledge within and beyond the communities’ boundaries and integrates it with new agricultural technologies, innovations and knowledge.

Determining k channel activation curves from k channel currents often requires the goldman-hodgkin-katz equation.

Science.gov (United States)

Clay, John R

2009-01-01

Potassium ion current in nerve membrane, I(K), has traditionally been described by I(K) = g(K)(V - E(K)), where g(K) is the K ion conductance, V is membrane potential and E(K) is the K(+) Nernst potential. This description has been unchallenged by most investigators in neuroscience since its introduction almost 60 years ago. The problem with the I(K) approximately (V - E(K)) proportionality is that it is inconsistent with the unequal distribution of K ions in the intra- and extracellular bathing media. Under physiological conditions the intracellular K(+) concentration is significantly higher than the extracellular concentration. Consequently, the slope conductance at potentials positive to E(K) cannot be the same as that for potentials negative to E(K), as the linear proportionality between I(K) and (V - E(K)) requires. Instead I(K) has a non-linear dependence on (V - E(K)) which is well described by the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation. The implications of this result for K(+) channel gating and membrane excitability are reviewed in this report.

Microsporidia and Cryptosporidium in horses and donkeys in Algeria: detection of a novel Cryptosporidium hominis subtype family (Ik) in a horse.

Science.gov (United States)

Laatamna, Abd Elkarim; Wagnerová, Pavla; Sak, Bohumil; Květoňová, Dana; Xiao, Lihua; Rost, Michael; McEvoy, John; Saadi, Ahmed Rachid; Aissi, Meriem; Kváč, Martin

2015-03-15

A total of 219 and 124 individual fecal samples of horses and donkeys, respectively, were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp., Encephalitozoon spp., and Enterocytozoon bieneusi DNA by genus-specific nested PCR. Isolates were genotyped by sequence analysis of SSU rRNA, GP60, TRAP-C1, COWP, and HSP70 loci in Cryptosporidium, and the ITS region in microsporidia. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected on 3/18 horse farms and 1/15 farms where donkeys were kept. Overall, five (2.3%) horse and two (1.6%) donkey specimens were PCR positive for Cryptosporidium. Genotyping at SSU and GP60 loci revealed that three isolates from horses and donkeys were C. parvum subtype family IIaA16G1R1, one isolate from a horse was, C. muris RN66, and one isolate from a donkey was C. muris TS03. An isolate from a horse shared 99.4% and 99.3% similarity with Cryptosporidium hominis and C. cuniculus, respectively, at the SSU locus. This isolate shared 100% identity with C. hominis at the TRAP-C1, COWP, and HSP70 loci, and it was from the novel gp60 subtype family IkA15G1. Microsporidia were found on 6/18 horse and 2/15 donkey farms. E. bieneusi was identified in 6.8% (15/219) and 1.6% (2/124), and Encephalitozoon cuniculi was identified in 1.8% (4/219) and 1.6% (2/124), of horses and donkeys, respectively. Three genotypes of E. cuniculi (I, II and III) were detected in horses, and E. cuniculi genotype II was detected in donkeys. Four genotypes of E. bieneusi (horse1, horse 2, CZ3, D) were described in horses. An additional five horses and two donkeys were positive for E. bieneusi, but the isolated were not genotyped. Neither Cryptosporidium nor microsporidia prevalence were affected by sex, age, type of breeding, or whether the host was a horse or a donkey. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Caliko: An Inverse Kinematics Software Library Implementation of the FABRIK Algorithm

OpenAIRE

Lansley, Alastair; Vamplew, Peter; Smith, Philip; Foale, Cameron

2016-01-01

The Caliko library is an implementation of the FABRIK (Forward And Backward Reaching Inverse Kinematics) algorithm written in Java. The inverse kinematics (IK) algorithm is implemented in both 2D and 3D, and incorporates a variety of joint constraints as well as the ability to connect multiple IK chains together in a hierarchy. The library allows for the simple creation and solving of multiple IK chains as well as visualisation of these solutions. It is licensed under the MIT software license...

Effect of stereochemistry, chain length and sequence pattern on antimicrobial properties of short synthetic β-sheet forming peptide amphiphiles.

Science.gov (United States)

Ong, Zhan Yuin; Cheng, Junchi; Huang, Yuan; Xu, Kaijin; Ji, Zhongkang; Fan, Weimin; Yang, Yi Yan

2014-01-01

In the face of mounting global antibiotics resistance, the identification and development of membrane-active antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as an alternative class of antimicrobial agent have gained significant attention. The physical perturbation and disruption of microbial membranes by the AMPs have been proposed to be an effective means to overcome conventional mechanisms of drug resistance. Recently, we have reported the design of a series of short synthetic β-sheet folding peptide amphiphiles comprised of recurring (X1Y1X2Y2)n-NH2 sequences where X: hydrophobic amino acids, Y: cationic amino acids and n: number of repeat units. In efforts to investigate the effects of key parameters including stereochemistry, chain length and sequence pattern on antimicrobial effects, systematic d-amino acid substitutions of the lead peptides (IRIK)2-NH2 (IK8-all L) and (IRVK)3-NH2 (IK12-all L) were performed. It was found that the corresponding D-enantiomers exhibited stronger antimicrobial activities with minimal or no change in hemolytic activities, hence translating very high selectivity indices of 407.0 and >9.8 for IK8-all D and IK12-all D respectively. IK8-all D was also demonstrated to be stable to degradation by broad spectrum proteases trypsin and proteinase K. The membrane disrupting bactericidal properties of IK8-all D effectively prevented drug resistance development and inhibited the growth of various clinically isolated MRSA, VRE, Acinetobacter baumanni, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Cryptococcus. neoformans and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Significant reduction in intracellular bacteria counts was also observed following treatment with IK8-all D in the Staphylococcus. aureus infected mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 (P < 0.01). These results suggest that the d-amino acids substituted β-sheet forming peptide IK8-all D with its enhanced antimicrobial activities and improved protease stability, is a promising therapeutic candidate with potential to combat

Indigenous knowledge on development and management of shallow dug wells of Dodoma Municipality in Tanzania

Science.gov (United States)

Shemsanga, C.; Muzuka, A. N. N.; Martz, L.; Komakech, H.; Mcharo, E.

2018-05-01

Dodoma city, central Tanzania, seats in a semi-arid region of East Africa with limited rains and surface water resources. Consequently, the area largely depends on shallow and deep aquifers for its freshwater needs. Owing to harsh climatic conditions, chronic lack of year-round surface water bodies and, limited development of water distribution infrastructures, over year's local people have nurtured, developed and, passed on important indigenous knowledge (IK) on exploiting and managing shallow aquifers (SAs). However, there is no clear documented administrative plans for the SAs and the roles of IK, which is widely practised in developing SDWs and managing SAs, are not properly documented. This study intended to assess the extent of shallow dug wells (SDWs) utilization and contribution of IK on management of SAs of indigenous people of Dodoma Municipality. The methods followed include critical field observations, measurements and, focus group discussions done during both the dry season (Sep.-Oct. 2013) and wet season (Dec. 2013-Feb. 2014). The results show that SDWs occur widely in the city, particularly in the suburbs, where they often serve as the only sources of freshwater and heavily dependent by the populace. It is clear that there is rich IK on management of SAs including on groundwater exploration, digging, water allocation, pricing, and even on water quality and, water treatment skills. The aforementioned IK clearly contribute to water sufficiency to the populace and general management of groundwater such as enhancing recharge mechanisms where about 1% of local rainfall is recharged through a network of SDWs compared to 5-10% that is naturally being recharged by rainfall through the vadose zone. Thus, as much as the current policy framework and groundwater managers do not recognize the roles of IK and contributions of SDWs as key water sources, it is clear that IK contributes to the groundwater management and SDWs already support large part of the society

Synergistic Inhibition of Delayed Rectifier K+ and Voltage-Gated Na+ Currents by Artemisinin in Pituitary Tumor (GH3) Cells.

Science.gov (United States)

So, Edmund Cheung; Wu, Sheng-Nan; Wu, Ping-Ching; Chen, Hui-Zhen; Yang, Chia-Jung

2017-01-01

Artemisinin (ART) is an anti-malarial agent reported to influence endocrine function. Effects of ART on ionic currents and action potentials (APs) in pituitary tumor (GH3) cells were evaluated by patch clamp techniques. ART inhibited the amplitude of delayed-rectifier K+ current (IK(DR)) in response to membrane depolarization and accelerated the process of current inactivation. It exerted an inhibitory effect on IK(DR) with an IC50 value of 11.2 µM and enhanced IK(DR) inactivation with a KD value of 14.7 µM. The steady-state inactivation curve of IK(DR) was shifted to hyperpolarization by 10 mV. Pretreatment of chlorotoxin (1 µM) or iloprost (100 nM) did not alter the magnitude of ART-induced inhibition of IK(DR) in GH3 cells. ART also decreased the peak amplitude of voltage-gated Na+ current (INa) with a concentration-dependent slowing in inactivation rate. Application of KMUP-1, an inhibitor of late INa, was effective at reversing ART-induced prolongation in inactivation time constant of INa. Under current-clamp recordings, ART alone reduced the amplitude of APs and prolonged the duration of APs. Under ART exposure, the inhibitory actions on both IK(DR) and INa could be a potential mechanisms through which this drug influences membrane excitability of endocrine or neuroendocrine cells appearing in vivo. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Euroopa päeval õhtumaa allakäigust / Jaak Valge

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Valge, Jaak, 1955-

2012-01-01

Arvustus: Spengler, Oswald. Õhtumaa allakäik : maailma-ajaloo morfoloogia piirjooned. I köide, Kuju ja tegelikkus ; Õhtumaa allakäik : maailma-ajaloo morfoloogia piirjooned. II köide, Maailma-ajaloolised pespektiivid. Tartu : Ilmamaa, 2012

Spontaneous compactification and Ricci-flat manifolds with torsion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McInnes, B.

1985-06-01

The Freund-Rubin mechanism is based on the equation Rsub(ik)=lambdagsub(ik) (where lambda>0), which, via Myers' Theorem, implies ''spontaneous'' compactification. The difficulties connected with the cosmological constant in this approach can be resolved if torsion is introduced and lambda set equal to zero, but then compactification ''by hand'' is necessary, since the equation Rsub(ik)=0 can be satisfied both on compact and on non-compact manifolds. In this paper we discuss the global geometry of Ricci-flat manifolds with torsion, and suggest ways of restoring the ''spontaneity'' of the compactification. (author)

Agro-processing opportunities identified through a novel mosquito repellent from a medicinal plant

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Maharaj, VJ

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Traditional healers provide CSIR scientists with indigenous knowledge (IK) that stimulates research and can eventually lead to discovery and development of new herbal remedies. The rights of these providers of IK, to share in future benefits...

Divalent ion block of inward rectifier current in human capillary endothelial cells and effects on resting membrane potential

Science.gov (United States)

Jow, Flora; Numann, Randy

1998-01-01

Cultured human capillary endothelial cells (HCEC) contain a large inward rectifier current, IK(IR), that can be abolished by removing external K+ or by adding 50 μm Ba2+.We show that IK(IR) is responsible for maintaining the hyperpolarized potential (−60.6 ± 0.5 mV, n = 83) of HCEC. Blocking IK(IR) with 50 μm Ba2+ shifts the zero current level and depolarizes HCEC by 36.5 ± 1.3 mV (n = 4).Increasing external Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) from 0.5 to 7 mm reduces the magnitude of IK(IR) by 36.5 ± 2.3 % (n = 5) and depolarizes the cells by 10.33 ± 2.4 mV (n = 3), whereas decreasing [Ca2+]o from 1.8 to 0.5 mm increases the amplitude of IK(IR) by 6.9 ± 1.9 % (n = 4). The relationship between [Ca2+]o and the percentage block of IK(IR) gives a Kd value of 5.4 ± 0.6 mm at −120 mV.IK(IR) is also blocked by other divalent ions, with Ba2+ >> Sr2+ > Mg2+ > Mn2+= Ca2+, and the block of peak current at −120 mV being 85.3 ± 3.2 % (n = 5) for 50 μm Ba2+, 62.9 ± 2.2 % (n = 5) for 5 mm Sr2+, 40.7 ± 2.5 % (n = 9) for 5 mm Mg2+, 33.4 ± 2.1 % (n = 5) for 5 mm Mn2+ and 32.9 ± 2.1 % (n = 5) for 5 mm Ca2+.The voltage dependence of Sr2+ block of peak IK(IR) occurred with a Kd value of 1.0 ± 0.09 mm for −140 mV, 1.9 ± 0.16 mm for −130 mV, 3.1 ± 0.28 mm for −120 mV, 4.6 ± 0.34 mm for −110 mV and 6.4 ± 0.5 mm for −100 mV (n = 5), with a calculated electrical distance (δ) of 0.44 from the outside. PMID:9729622

Ontwikkelingen in de wetenschappelijke benadering van strategie en omgevingsvraagstukken: History matters!

NARCIS (Netherlands)

F.A.J. van den Bosch (Frans)

1993-01-01

textabstractInleiding. In mijn bijdrage wil ik zowel ingaan op de ontwikkelingen in de wetenschappelijke benadering van strategie- en omgevingsvraagstukken als een eerste analyse daarvan geven. Bij die analyse heb ik gekozen voor het perspectief van de longitudinale benadering. De in beschouwing

Kioo cha Lugha: Submissions

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AFRICAN JOURNALS ONLINE (AJOL) · Journals · Advanced Search · USING AJOL ... Submissions should be made in soft or hard copy, by either sending two hard copies to IKS mailing address or sending soft copy to iks@udsm.ac.tz or ...

Cell swelling activates cloned Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels: a role for the F-actin cytoskeleton

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jorgensen, Nanna K; Pedersen, Stine F; Rasmussen, Hanne B

2003-01-01

Cloned Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels of intermediate (hIK) or small (rSK3) conductance were expressed in HEK 293 cells, and channel activity was monitored using whole-cell patch clamp. hIK and rSK3 currents already activated by intracellular calcium were further increased by 95% and 125......%, respectively, upon exposure of the cells to a 33% decrease in extracellular osmolarity. hIK and rSK3 currents were inhibited by 46% and 32%, respectively, by a 50% increase in extracellular osmolarity. Cell swelling and channel activation were not associated with detectable increases in [Ca(2+)](i), evidenced...... by population and single-cell measurements. In addition, inhibitors of IK and SK channels significantly reduced the rate of regulatory volume decrease (RVD) in cells expressing these channels. Cell swelling induced a decrease, and cell shrinkage an increase, in net cellular F-actin content. The swelling...

Patch-Clamp Recording from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes: Improving Action Potential Characteristics through Dynamic Clamp

Science.gov (United States)

Veerman, Christiaan C.; Zegers, Jan G.; Mengarelli, Isabella; Bezzina, Connie R.

2017-01-01

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) hold great promise for studying inherited cardiac arrhythmias and developing drug therapies to treat such arrhythmias. Unfortunately, until now, action potential (AP) measurements in hiPSC-CMs have been hampered by the virtual absence of the inward rectifier potassium current (IK1) in hiPSC-CMs, resulting in spontaneous activity and altered function of various depolarising and repolarising membrane currents. We assessed whether AP measurements in “ventricular-like” and “atrial-like” hiPSC-CMs could be improved through a simple, highly reproducible dynamic clamp approach to provide these cells with a substantial IK1 (computed in real time according to the actual membrane potential and injected through the patch-clamp pipette). APs were measured at 1 Hz using perforated patch-clamp methodology, both in control cells and in cells treated with all-trans retinoic acid (RA) during the differentiation process to increase the number of cells with atrial-like APs. RA-treated hiPSC-CMs displayed shorter APs than control hiPSC-CMs and this phenotype became more prominent upon addition of synthetic IK1 through dynamic clamp. Furthermore, the variability of several AP parameters decreased upon IK1 injection. Computer simulations with models of ventricular-like and atrial-like hiPSC-CMs demonstrated the importance of selecting an appropriate synthetic IK1. In conclusion, the dynamic clamp-based approach of IK1 injection has broad applicability for detailed AP measurements in hiPSC-CMs. PMID:28867785

Tien jaar Nijmeegs onderzoek naar het leren van leraren op de werkplek

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bergen, T.C.M.

2005-01-01

Toen ik in 1994 de verantwoordelijkheid kreeg om een interfacultair onderzoekprogramma op te zetten dat relevant was voor de universitaire lerarenopleiding, kreeg ik van het toenmalige College van Bestuur ook de opdracht om te zorgen dat een groot deel van de universitaire lerarenopleiders in een

77 FR 53959 - Culturally Significant Object Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “Dancing Into Dreams, Maya...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-04

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 8009] Culturally Significant Object Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ``Dancing Into Dreams, Maya Vases From the IK'Kingdom'' SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given of the... exhibition ``Dancing Into Dreams, Maya Vases from the IK'Kingdom,'' imported from abroad for temporary...

Caliko: An Inverse Kinematics Software Library Implementation of the FABRIK Algorithm

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alastair Lansley

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The Caliko library is an implementation of the FABRIK (Forward And Backward Reaching Inverse Kinematics algorithm written in Java. The inverse kinematics (IK algorithm is implemented in both 2D and 3D, and incorporates a variety of joint constraints as well as the ability to connect multiple IK chains together in a hierarchy. The library allows for the simple creation and solving of multiple IK chains as well as visualisation of these solutions. It is licensed under the MIT software license and the source code is freely available for use and modification at: https://github.com/feduni/caliko

Research into Traveling Wave Control in Flexible Structures

Science.gov (United States)

1990-06-15

Displacement is the measured variable in all of the rod examples. Y = F I s i n(k + k 0) _______________ ikEA 21- k [ (24)- -- .r k k 0 F - Choosing m = 4 in...the value of Eq. (25) function of position is given by becomes U2 for that mode. U(X)= F 4 ( 2 e + e (21) Figure 3 shows the magnitudes of the ikEA ...for providing a reasonable length sensor. ___ sin(k_ The dash-dot curve in Fig. 4 shows the ikEA 1- _ 2 1- e-as (28) magnitude and phase of a

Vrijheid, gelijkheid en eenzaamheid

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hofstee, E.W.

1980-01-01

Ik ben geboren en getogen en ik heb geleefd en gewerkt in en vanuit ' de Verlichtingsdenkbeelden. De Franse revolutie in haar ontwikkeling heeft te veel onplezierige aspecten om haar straks zonder reserve te herdenken. Men moet ernstig hopen, dat onze wereld zich nog tijdig van deze eenzijdigheid,

Clonostachys rosea reduces spot blotch in barley by inhibiting pre-penetration growth and sporulation of Bipolaris sorokiniana without inducing resistance

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Birgit; Lübeck, Peter S; Jørgensen, Hans Jørgen Lyngs

2016-01-01

as the pathogen, whereas application 24 h after the pathogen had no effect. IK726 also reduced the sporulation capacity of B. sorokiniana. Microscopy of B. sorokiniana infection revealed that IK726 primarily inhibited conidial germination and appressorium formation while further pathogen development and host...

Fysieke veiligheid. Enkele trends en dilemma's

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Menno van Duin

2012-01-01

In dit artikel ligt het zwaartepunt bij het thema fysieke veiligheid (ongevallen, rampen, crises). Ik schets enkele ontwikkelingen, trends en dilemma’s op het betreffende terrein. Daarbij wil ik niet de suggestie wekken in dit artikel alle trends en dilemma’s op het onderhavige terrein te

Behavioural Determinants of Dental Health Behaviour : a Meta-Analytical Review

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Janneke Scheerman

2014-01-01

Op 28 augustus 2014 heb ik een 'oral presentation' gegeven op het European Health Psychology Society congres te Innsbruck. De abstract van het artikel die ik gepresenteerd heb is gepubliceerd op de website van EHPS (zie bijgevoegd de link) The aim was to quantify the relationship between

Our future is a question of energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this information brochure the Informationskreis Kernenergie (IK), a group of scientists, energy experts and publicists introduce themselves to the public. After an explanation of the aims and functions of IK the currently existing programme which comes form publications and other mediums is put forward. (UA) [de

Effects of itopride hydrochloride on the delayed rectifier K+ and L-type CA2+ currents in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Morisawa, T; Hasegawa, J; Hama, R; Kitano, M; Kishimoto, Y; Kawasaki, H

1999-01-01

The effects of itopride hydrochloride, a new drug used to regulate motility in the gastrointestinal tract, on the delayed rectifier K+ current (I(K)) and the L-type Ca2+ current (I(Ca)) were evaluated in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes at concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 microM to determine whether the drug has a proarrhythmic effect through blockade of I(K). Itopride did not affect I(K) at concentrations of 100 microM or less, and no significant effects of 1, 10 or 100 microM itopride were observed on the inward rectifier K+ current (I(K1)) responsible for the resting potential and final repolarization phase of the action potential. We next investigated the effects of itopride on L-type Ca2+ current (I(Ca)). Significant inhibition of I(Ca) was observed at itopride concentrations greater than 10 microM. These results suggested that itopride hydrochloride has an inhibitory effect on I(Ca) at concentrations much higher than those in clinical use.

Determining K+ channel activation curves from K+ channel currents often requires the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

john r Clay

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Potassium ion current in nerve membrane, IK, has traditionally been described by IK = gK(V-EK, where gK is the K ion conductance, V is membrane potential, and EK is the K+ Nernst potential. This description has been unchallenged by most investigators in neuroscience since its introduction almost sixty years ago. The problem with the IK ~ (V-EK proportionality is that it is inconsistent with the unequal distribution of K ions in the intra- and extracellular bathing media. Under physiological conditions the intracellular K+ concentraion is significantly higher than the extracellular concentration. Consequently, the slope conductance at potentials positive to EK cannot be the same as that for potentials negative to EK, as the linear proportionality requires. Instead IK has a non-linear dependence on (V-EK which is well described by the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation. The implications of this result for K+ channel gating and membrane excitability are reviewed in this report.

Patient-derived acute myeloid leukemia (AML) bone marrow cells display distinct intracellular kinase phosphorylation patterns

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shults, Keith; Flye, Leanne; Green, Lisa; Daly, Thomas; Manro, Jason R; Lahn, Michael

2009-01-01

Multiparametric analyses of phospho-protein activation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) offers a quantitative measure to monitor the activity of novel intracellular kinase (IK) inhibitors. As recent clinical investigation with FMS-like tyrosine-3 inhibitors demonstrated, targeting IK with selective inhibitors can have a modest clinical benefit. Because multiple IKs are active in patients with AML, multikinase inhibitors may provide the necessary inhibition profile to achieve a more sustained clinical benefit. We here describe a method of assessing the activation of several IKs by flow cytometry. In 40 different samples of patients with AML we observed hyper-activated phospho-proteins at baseline, which is modestly increased by adding stem cell factor to AML cells. Finally, AML cells had a significantly different phospho-protein profile compared with cells of the lymphocyte gate. In conclusion, our method offers a way to determine the activation status of multiple kinases in AML and hence is a reliable assay to evaluate the pharmacodynamic activity of novel multikinase inhibitors

Opening of the inward rectifier potassium channel alleviates maladaptive tissue repair following myocardial infarction.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Chengfang; Liu, Enli; Luo, Tiane; Zhang, Weifang; He, Rongli

2016-08-01

Activation of the inward rectifier potassium current (IK1) channel has been reported to be associated with suppression of ventricular arrhythmias. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that opening of the IK1 channel with zacopride (ZAC) was involved in the modulation of tissue repair after myocardial infarction. Sprague-Dawley rats were subject to coronary artery ligation and ZAC was administered intraperitoneally (15 µg/kg/day) for 28 days. Compared with the ischemia group, treatment with ZAC significantly reduced the ratio of heart/body weight and the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes, suggesting less cardiac hypertrophy. ZAC reduced the accumulation of collagen types I and III, accompanied with decrease of collagen area, which were associated with a reduction of collagen deposition in the fibrotic myocardium. Echocardiography showed improved cardiac function, evidenced by the reduced left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and left ventricular end-systolic dimension, and the increased ejection fraction and fractional shortening in ZAC-treated animals (all P < 0.05 vs. ischemia group). In coincidence with these changes, ZAC up-regulated the protein level of the IK1 channel and down-regulated the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 (p70S6) kinase. Administration of chloroquine alone, an IK1 channel antagonist, had no effect on all the parameters measured, but significantly blocked the beneficial effects of ZAC on cardiac repair. In conclusion, opening of the IK1 channel with ZAC inhibits maladaptive tissue repair and improves cardiac function, potentially mediated by the inhibition of ischemia-activated mTOR-p70S6 signaling pathway via the IK1 channel. So the development of pharmacological agents specifically targeting the activation of the IK1 channel may protect the heart against myocardial ischemia-induced cardiac dysfunction. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of

How do habitat filtering and niche conservatism affect community composition at different taxonomic resolutions?

Science.gov (United States)

Munoz, François; Ramesh, B R; Couteron, Pierre

2014-08-01

Understanding how local species assembly depends on the regional biogeographic and environmental context is a challenging task in community ecology. In spatially implicit neutral models, a single immigration parameter, I(k), represents the flux of immigrants from a regional pool that compete with local offspring for establishment in communities. This flux counterbalances the effect of local stochastic extinctions to maintain local species diversity. If some species within the regional pool are not adapted to the local environment (habitat filtering), the migrant flux is reduced beyond that of the neutral model, such that habitat filtering influences the value of I(k) in non-neutral situations. Here, we propose a novel model in which immigrants from the regional pool are filtered according to their habitat preferences and the local environment, while taxa potentially retain habitat preferences from their ancestors (niche conservatism). Using both analytical reasoning and simulations, we demonstrate that I(k) is expected to be constant when estimated based on the community composition at several taxonomic levels, not only under neutral assumptions, but also when habitat filtering occurs, unless there is substantial niche conservatism. In the latter case, I(k) is expected to decrease when estimated based on the composition at species to genus and family levels, thus allowing a signature of niche conservatism to be detected by simply comparing I(k) estimates across taxonomic levels. We applied this approach to three rain forest data sets from South India and Central America and found no significant signature of niche conservatism when I(k) was compared across taxonomic levels, except at the family level in South India. We further observed more limited immigration in South Indian forests, supporting the hypothesis of a greater impact of habitat filtering and heterogeneity there than in Central America. Our results highlight the relevance of studying variations of I(k

The inward rectifier current inhibitor PA-6 terminates atrial fibrillation and does not cause ventricular arrhythmias in goat and dog models

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ji, Yuan; Varkevisser, Rosanne; Opacic, Dragan; Bossu, Alexandre; Kuiper, Marion; Beekman, Jet D.M.; Yang, Sihyung; Khan, Azinwi Phina; Dobrev, Dobromir; Voigt, Niels; Wang, Michael Zhuo; Verheule, Sander; Vos, Marc A.; van der Heyden, Marcel A.G.

2017-01-01

Background and Purpose: The density of the inward rectifier current (IK1) increases in atrial fibrillation (AF), shortening effective refractory period and thus promoting atrial re-entry. The synthetic compound pentamidine analogue 6 (PA-6) is a selective and potent IK1 inhibitor. We tested PA-6 for

Verbeelding en principes: Enkele implicaties van Dewey’s moraalfilosofie voor een vernieuwing van de hedendaagse ethiek

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Coeckelbergh, Mark

2007-01-01

In deze presentatie onderzoek ik hoe Dewey’s moraalfilosofie kan bijdragen aan een vernieuwing van de hedendaagse ethiek door te kijken naar de rol die Dewey ziet voor verbeelding en principes in moreel redeneren. Ik toon dat zijn werk kan gebruikt worden om te argumenteren voor een omwenteling in

Towards a harmonised protection of indigenous knowledge systems ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This article explores the need for a policy, regional dialogue and cooperation on the protection of IKS in the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Since 2002 the SADC countries have held annual SADC programmes in the form of workshops on IKS policy development and cooperation. Steady progress has ...

Assessment of applicability index for better management of municipal solid waste: a case study of Dhanbad, India.

Science.gov (United States)

Yadav, Pooja; Samadder, S R

2018-06-01

Selection of suitable municipal solid waste management (MSWM) options is one of the major challenges in urban areas of the developing countries. Success of MSWM requires accurate data of generation rate, composition and physico-chemical characteristics of solid wastes. Improper handling of solid waste can have significant environmental and aesthetical impacts. The present study proposes a new method (applicability index - P ik values) for identifying the most appropriate disposal option with the help of applicability values of Composting-C P , Incineration-I P and Landfill-L P for individual components of MSW based on the results of the physico-chemical analysis of the collected representative solid waste samples from the study area, Dhanbad, India. The mean values of moisture content, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, volatile organic carbon, fixed carbon, ash content, density and calorific values (CV) of individual components were used as input values in this process. Based on the proposed applicability index (P ik ), the highest P ik values were obtained for incineration (I P ) for plastics, polythene, paper, coconut shell, wood, cardboard, textile, thermocol (polystyrene), rubber, sugarcane bagasse, cow dung and leather wastes (I P  > C P  > L P ) due to high CV of these solid waste components; the highest P ik values were obtained for composting (C P ) of kitchen waste (C P  > I P  > L P ); and the highest P ik values for inert wastes were obtained for landfill option (L P  > I P  > C P ). The highest P ik value for a particular waste for a specific treatment option signifies that the waste is suitable for treatment/disposal using that option.

Isoflurane depolarizes bronchopulmonary C neurons by inhibiting transient A-type and delayed rectifier potassium channels.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Zhenxiong; Zhuang, Jianguo; Zhang, Cancan; Xu, Fadi

2013-04-01

Inhalation of isoflurane (ISO), a widely used volatile anesthetic, can produce clinical tachypnea. In dogs, this response is reportedly mediated by bronchopulmonary C-fibers (PCFs), but the relevant mechanisms remain unclear. Activation of transient A-type potassium current (IA) channels and delayed rectifier potassium current (IK) channels hyperpolarizes neurons, and inhibition of both channels by ISO increases neural firing. Due to the presence of these channels in the cell bodies of rat PCFs, we determined whether ISO could stimulate PCFs to produce tachypnea in anesthetized rats, and, if so, whether this response resulted from ISO-induced depolarization of the pulmonary C neurons via the inhibition of IA and IK. We recorded ventilatory responses to 5% ISO exposure in anesthetized rats before and after blocking PCF conduction and the responses of pulmonary C neurons (extracellularly recorded) to ISO exposure. ISO-induced (1mM) changes in pulmonary C neuron membrane potential and IA/IK were tested using the perforated patch clamp technique. We found that: (1) ISO inhalation evoked a brief tachypnea (∼7s) and that this response disappeared after blocking PCF conduction; (2) the ISO significantly elevated (by 138%) the firing rate of most pulmonary C neurons (17 out of 21) in the nodose ganglion; and (3) ISO perfusion depolarized the pulmonary C neurons in the vitro and inhibited both IA and IK, and this evoked-depolarization was largely diminished after blocking both IA and IK. Our results suggest that ISO is able to stimulate PCFs to elicit tachypnea in rats, at least partly, via inhibiting IA and IK, thereby depolarizing the pulmonary C neurons. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier B.V.

NS309 decreases rat detrusor smooth muscle membrane potential and phasic contractions by activating SK3 channels

Science.gov (United States)

Parajuli, Shankar P; Hristov, Kiril L; Soder, Rupal P; Kellett, Whitney F; Petkov, Georgi V

2013-01-01

Background and Purpose Overactive bladder (OAB) is often associated with abnormally increased detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) contractions. We used NS309, a selective and potent opener of the small or intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK or IK, respectively) channels, to evaluate how SK/IK channel activation modulates DSM function. Experimental Approach We employed single-cell RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, whole cell patch-clamp in freshly isolated rat DSM cells and isometric tension recordings of isolated DSM strips to explore how the pharmacological activation of SK/IK channels with NS309 modulates DSM function. Key Results We detected SK3 but not SK1, SK2 or IK channels expression at both mRNA and protein levels by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry in DSM single cells. NS309 (10 μM) significantly increased the whole cell SK currents and hyperpolarized DSM cell resting membrane potential. The NS309 hyperpolarizing effect was blocked by apamin, a selective SK channel inhibitor. NS309 inhibited the spontaneous phasic contraction amplitude, force, frequency, duration and tone of isolated DSM strips in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of NS309 on spontaneous phasic contractions was blocked by apamin but not by TRAM-34, indicating no functional role of the IK channels in rat DSM. NS309 also significantly inhibited the pharmacologically and electrical field stimulation-induced DSM contractions. Conclusions and Implications Our data reveal that SK3 channel is the main SK/IK subtype in rat DSM. Pharmacological activation of SK3 channels with NS309 decreases rat DSM cell excitability and contractility, suggesting that SK3 channels might be potential therapeutic targets to control OAB associated with detrusor overactivity. PMID:23145946

Kijk, ik spreek illegaals!

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jürgen Jaspers

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Despite the fact that linguistic contact phenomena have been observed in various cities across the Netherlands and Flanders, it may be imprudent to label these phenomena with names such as Murks, straattaal and recently Illegaals. We argue that these labels, in particular Illegaals, so far have functioned as floating signifiers that are variably attributed to a wide range of different linguistic targets such as imitations of accented Dutch, learner Dutch or even competent fluent Dutch. We suggest that these signifiers donot so much hint at the existence of new separate urban varieties of language, but rather offer clues for how speakers navigate linguistic complexity and difference in contemporary cities, and what language use may come to be seen as normal, attractive and worth pursuing in the future.

Solubilization of immune complexes in complement factor deficient sera and the influence of temperature, ionic strength and divalent cations on the solubilization reaction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Baatrup, Gunnar; Petersen, Ivan; Svehag, Svend-Erik

1984-01-01

The complement-mediated solubilization (CMS) of immune complexes (IC) and the initial kinetics (IKS) of this reaction in human sera depleted of or deficient in C2, C3, C8, factors B, P and I were investigated. Sera depleted of B or P and those lacking native C3 or factor I showed virtually no CMS......M. Chelation of Ca2+ in serum by Mg2+-ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid reduced the CMS capacity by up to 50% and the IKS was markedly retarded. Varying the Zn2+ or Mn2+ ion concentrations in serum influenced neither the IKS nor the CMS capacity....

Youth Culture, Language Endangerment and Linguistic Survivance

Science.gov (United States)

Wyman, Leisy

2012-01-01

Detailing a decade of life and language use in a remote Alaskan Yup'ik community, Youth Culture, Language Endangerment and Linguistic Survivance provides rare insight into young people's language brokering and Indigenous people's contemporary linguistic ecologies. This book examines how two consecutive groups of youth in a Yup'ik village…

Entartete Opernfreunde

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hondius, E.H.

2006-01-01

Oostenrijk blijft het land van de opera. Besteedde ik in een vorige kroniek aandacht aan de vraag of de schouwburgbezoeker genoegen behoeft te nemen met een geheel onaangekondigde enscenering van een opera uit het ijzeren répertoire (ArsAequi 2005, p. 71), ditmaal wil ik het hebben over de

The Role of Archives in Preserving Indigenous Knowledge Systems ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The management of indigenous knowledge (IK) should take a centre stage in the archive. However, archivists in Zimbabwe do not seem to be seriously concerned with preserving IK. Their disposition is largely influenced by their notion of an archive based on the Western epistemologies that dominated their training as ...

Verder met inclusie en diversiteit : resultaten en actiepunten Onderwijsconferentie Hogeschool van Amsterdam 2017

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Diepen, Mieke; Essen, Erik; Hogenstijn, Maarten; Veraa, Fiona

‘Hartstikke leuk om een dagje onder collega’s te zijn en te praten over onderwijs, maar wat heb ik erverder aan? Morgen moet ik gewoon weer aan het werk’. Deze houding over de onderwijsconferentie, en misschien wel conferenties in het algemeen, zal velen bekend in de oren klinken. Het is vaak lastig

Culturele reproductie in een wereld in beweging

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Haan, M.J.

2009-01-01

Ik wil mij in deze rede vanmiddag richten op de vraag hoe opvoedingsregimes en tradities van onderwijzen zich verhouden tot de veranderende wereld van jeugdigen maar ook tot hun eigen vaardigheden om zich te oriënteren op hun toekomst. Ik zal hierbij tevens ingaan op de meer fundamentele vraag of de

An entropy-based improved k-top scoring pairs (TSP) method for ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

An entropy-based improved k-top scoring pairs (TSP) (Ik-TSP) method was presented in this study for the classification and prediction of human cancers based on gene-expression data. We compared Ik-TSP classifiers with 5 different machine learning methods and the k-TSP method based on 3 different feature selection ...

The Relevance of Indigenous Knowledge for Small-Scale Farming ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Based on the study findings, it was evident that the local communities had an extensive base of IK and understanding of their environment, and they were able to put appropriate managerial skills and adaptive strategies to crop and animal farming. The findings also showed that IK was location specific, and farmers ...

Small and intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels confer distinctive patterns of distribution in human tissues and differential cellular localisation in the colon and corpus cavernosum

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Chen, Mao Xiang; Gorman, Shelby A.; Benson, Bill; Singh, Kuljit; Hieble, J. Paul; Michel, Martin C.; Tate, Simon N.; Trezise, Derek J.

2004-01-01

The SK/IK family of small and intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channels contains four members, SK1, SK2, SK3 and IK1, and is important for the regulation of a variety of neuronal and non-neuronal functions. In this study we have analysed the distribution of these channels in

Bijblijven op je vakgebied nieuwe stijl! : Awareness tools voor e-journals

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bijker, Alie; van den Brekel, Guus

2013-01-01

"Ik probeer regelmatig een aantal favoriete tijdschriften via email alerts te lezen, maar blijf het omslachtig vinden en mijn mailbox raakt maar voller en voller!" "Ik vind het lastig om op mijn tablet of via de email vanaf thuis toegang te krijgen tot de full text van artikelen" Hoe blijf je op de

Een mvt-literatuurproject in de vernieuwde tweede fase : Deel 3, Commentez maintenant le titre

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rentrop, J.

2008-01-01

In de eerste twee delen van de beschrijving van het literatuurproject in havo 5 heb ik uiteengezet hoe ik les 1 tot en met 5 heb vormgegeven. Hierin kwamen achtereenvolgens de lees brief, de opdracht bij Oscar et Ia dame rose van Eric-Emmanuel Schmitt, het promoten van recent uitgekomen Franse en

Expansion Formulation of General Relativity: the Gauge Functions for Energy-Momentum Tensor

Science.gov (United States)

Beloushko, Konstantin; Karbanovski, Valeri

At present the one of the GR (General Relativity) basic problem remains a definition of the gravitation field (GF) energy. We shall analyze this content. As well known, the energy-momentum ``tensor'' (EMT) of GF was introduced by Einstein [1] with purpose of the SRT (Special Relativity Theory) generalization. It supposed also, that EMT of matter satisfy to the condition begin{equation} ⪉bel{GrindEQ__1_1_} T^{ik} _{;i} =0 (a semicolon denotes a covariant differentiation with respect to coordinates). In absence of GF the equation (ref{GrindEQ__1_1_}) reduces to a corresponding SRT expression begin{equation} ⪉bel{GrindEQ__1_2_} T^{ik} _{,i} =0 (a comma denotes a differentiation with respect to coordinates of space-time). Obviously, the ``conservation law'' (ref{GrindEQ__1_2_}) is not broken by transformation begin{equation} ⪉bel{GrindEQ__1_3_} T^{ik} to tilde{T}^{ik} =T^{ik} +h^{ikl} _{,l} , where for h(ikl) takes place a constrain begin{equation} ⪉bel{GrindEQ__1_4_} h^{ikl} =-h^{ilk} Later the given property has been used for a construction ``pseudo-tensor'' tau (ik) of ``pure'' GF [2, S 96] begin{equation} ⪉bel{GrindEQ__1_5_} -gleft(frac{c^{4} }{8pi G} left(R^{ik} -frac{1}{2} g^{ik} Rright)+tau ^{ik} right)=h^{ikl} _{,l} However such definition was a consequence of non-covariant transition from a reference system with condition g(ik) _{,l} =0 to an arbitrary frame. Therefore the Landau-Lifshitz pseudo-tensor has no physical contents and considered problem remains actual. ``The non-covariant character'' of GF energy was the reason for criticism of GR as Einstein's contemporaries [3, 4], as and during the subsequent period (see, for example, [5]). In [6] were analyzed the grounds of given problem, which are connected with a formulation indefiniteness of ``the conservation law'' in curved space-time. In [7] contends, that the gravitational energy in EMT can be separated only ``artificially'' by a choice of the certain coordinate system. In [8] is concluded

Inhibition of Wnt Signaling Pathways Impairs Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Endometrial Epithelial Cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Kintner, Jennifer; Moore, Cheryl G; Whittimore, Judy D; Butler, Megan; Hall, Jennifer V

2017-01-01

Chlamydia trachomatis infections represent the predominant cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections. As an obligate intracellular bacterium, C. trachomatis is dependent on the host cell for survival, propagation, and transmission. Thus, factors that affect the host cell, including nutrition, cell cycle, and environmental signals, have the potential to impact chlamydial development. Previous studies have demonstrated that activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling benefits C. trachomatis infections in fallopian tube epithelia. In cervical epithelial cells chlamydiae sequester β-catenin within the inclusion. These data indicate that chlamydiae interact with the Wnt signaling pathway in both the upper and lower female genital tract (FGT). However, hormonal activation of canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways is an essential component of cyclic remodeling in another prominent area of the FGT, the endometrium. Given this information, we hypothesized that Wnt signaling would impact chlamydial infection in endometrial epithelial cells. To investigate this hypothesis, we analyzed the effect of Wnt inhibition on chlamydial inclusion development and elementary body (EB) production in two endometrial cell lines, Ishikawa (IK) and Hec-1B, in nonpolarized cell culture and in a polarized endometrial epithelial (IK)/stromal (SHT-290) cell co-culture model. Inhibition of Wnt by the small molecule inhibitor (IWP2) significantly decreased inclusion size in IK and IK/SHT-290 cultures ( p Wnt inhibition caused chlamydiae to become aberrant in morphology. EB formation was also impaired in IK, Hec-1B and IK/SHT-290 cultures regardless of whether Wnt inhibition occurred throughout, in the middle (24 hpi) or late (36 hpi) during the development cycle. Overall, these data lead us to conclude that Wnt signaling in the endometrium is a key host pathway for the proper development of C. trachomatis .

Wat er gaat gebeuren en waarom

NARCIS (Netherlands)

drs. Frans van den Reep

2012-01-01

1e en 2e alinea column: Een beetje analyse over hoe ik denk dat het verder gaat in bedrijfsleven en politiek. Met accent op de interne logica van de ontwikkeling zodat je mijn redenering kan zien, eventueel overnemen en voorbereid bent op the next move. Om dit extra toe toelichten heb ik een figuur

Formation of Exceptionally Weak C–C Bonds by Metal-Templated Pinacol Coupling

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Folkertsma, Emma; Benthem, Sanne H.; Witteman, Léon; Van Slagmaat, Christian A. M. R.; Lutz, Martin; Klein Gebbink, Robertus J.m.; Moret, Marc-etienne

2017-01-01

The ability of the bis(imidazolyl)ketone ligand BMdiPhIK (bis(1-methyl-4,5-diphenylimidazolyl)ketone) to function as a redox active ligand has been investigated. The reduction of [M(BMdiPhIK)Cl2] (M = Fe and Zn) complexes resulted in a pinacol-type coupling to form dinuclear complexes featuring very

Een geforceerde secularisatie werkt niet

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ajouaou, M.

Wat betekent het als de houder van het Franse restaurant Le Cenacle tegen twee gehoed doekte vrouwen roept: ‘Ik leef in een seculier land en ik heb recht op mijn mening’? De context laat zien dat de met ‘en’ verbonden twee zinnen feitelijk los van elkaar staan. De restauranthouder leeft in een

Sadhana | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Sadhana. Emrah Şik. Articles written in Sadhana. Volume 38 Issue 4 August 2013 pp 687-706. Effects of vegetable-based cutting fluids on the wear in drilling · Babur Ozcelik Emel Kuram Erhan Demirbas Emrah Şik · More Details Abstract Fulltext PDF. This study focuses on both formulation of ...

Optical conductivity of the triplet superconductor Sr2RuO4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Virosztek, Attila; Dora, Balazs; Maki, Kazumi

2003-10-01

Now the spin triplet superconductivity in Sr 2 RuO 4 is well established. As to the nodal structures seen in high quality samples, there are two alternative models at present: a. 2D f-wave model with Δ(k) ∼ (k-circumflex x ± ik-circumflex y ) cos(ck z ) and b. the multigap model with Δ 1 (k) ∼ (k-circumflex x ± ik-circumflex y ) and Δ 2 (k) ∼ (k-circumflex x ± ik-circumflex y ) cos(ck z /2). In this paper we calculate the optical conductivity for T e in the 2D f-wave model and show that it differs significantly from those in the multigap model. (author)

Indigenous knowledge systems, local community and community in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The title of the paper requires some brief reflection on the main topics implied. It is appropriate to start off with a definition of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) as well as a statement regarding the constitutional status of a community. Thereafter I will expand on the merits of IKS towards community development as well as ...

Regulation of cloned, Ca2+-activated K+ channels by cell volume changes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grunnet, Morten; MacAulay, Nanna; Jorgensen, Nanna K

2002-01-01

Ca2+-activated K+ channels of big (hBK), intermediate (hIK) or small (rSK3) conductance were co-expressed with aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in Xenopus laevis oocytes. hBK channels were activated by depolarization, whereas hIK and rSK3 channels were activated by direct injection of Ca2+ or Cd2+ into the ooc...

Investigations on contribution of glial inwardly-rectifying K+ current to membrane potential and ion flux: An experimental and theoretical study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sheng-Nan Wu

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The inwardly rectifying K+ current [IK(IR] allows large inward K+ currents at potentials negative to K+ equilibrium potential (EK and it becomes small outward K+ currents at those positive to EK. How changes of such currents enriched in glial cells can influence the functions of glial cell, neurons, or both is not clearly defined, although mutations of Kir4.1 channels have been demonstrated to cause serious neurological disorders. In this study, we identified the presence of IK(IR in human glioma cells (U373 and U87 cells. The amplitude of IK(IR in U373 cells was subject to inhibition by amitriptyline, arecoline, or BaCl2. The activity of inwardly rectifying K+ channels was also clearly detected, and single-channel conductance of these channels was calculated to be around 23 pS. Moreover, based on a simulation model derived from neuron–glial interaction mediated by ion flux, we further found out that incorporation of glial IK(IR conductance into the model can significantly contribute to regulation of extracellular K+ concentrations and glial resting potential, particularly during high-frequency stimulation. Glial cells and neurons can mutually modulate their expression of ion channels through K+ ions released into the extracellular space. It is thus anticipated that glial IK(IR may be a potential target utilized to influence the activity of neuronal and glial cells as well as their interaction.

Discovery of talatisamine as a novel specific blocker for the delayed rectifier K+ channels in rat hippocampal neurons.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, M-K; Liu, H; Jiang, H-L; Yue, J-M; Hu, G-Y; Chen, H-Z

2008-08-13

Blocking specific K+ channels has been proposed as a promising strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Using a computational virtual screening approach and electrophysiological testing, we found four Aconitum alkaloids are potent blockers of the delayed rectifier K+ channel in rat hippocampal neurons. In the present study, we first tested the action of the four alkaloids on the voltage-gated K+, Na+ and Ca2+ currents in rat hippocampal neurons, and then identified that talatisamine is a specific blocker for the delayed rectifier K+ channel. External application of talatisamine reversibly inhibited the delayed rectifier K+ current (IK) with an IC50 value of 146.0+/-5.8 microM in a voltage-dependent manner, but exhibited very slight blocking effect on the voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ currents even at the high concentration of 1-3 mM. Moreover, talatisamine exerted a significant hyperpolarizing shift of the steady-state activation, but did not influence the steady state inactivation of IK and its recovery from inactivation, suggesting that talatisamine had no allosteric action on IK channel and was a pure blocker binding to the external pore entry of the channel. Our present study made the first discovery of potent and specific IK channel blocker from Aconitum alkaloids. It has been argued that suppressing K+ efflux by blocking IK channel may be favorable for Alzheimer's disease therapy. Talatisamine can therefore be considered as a leading compound worthy of further investigations.

GDF15 regulates Kv2.1-mediated outward K+ current through the Akt/mTOR signalling pathway in rat cerebellar granule cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Chang-Ying; Huang, An-Qi; Zhou, Meng-Hua; Mei, Yan-Ai

2014-05-15

GDF15 (growth/differentiation factor 15), a novel member of the TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) superfamily, plays critical roles in the central and peripheral nervous systems, but the signal transduction pathways and receptor subtypes involved are not well understood. In the present paper, we report that GDF15 specifically increases the IK (delayed-rectifier outward K+ current) in rat CGNs (cerebellar granule neurons) in time- and concentration-dependent manners. The GDF15-induced amplification of the IK is mediated by the increased expression and reduced lysosome-dependent degradation of the Kv2.1 protein, the main α-subunit of the IK channel. Exposure of CGNs to GDF15 markedly induced the phosphorylation of ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase), Akt and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), but the GDF15-induced IK densities and increased expression of Kv2.1 were attenuated only by Akt and mTOR, and not ERK, inhibitors. Pharmacological inhibition of the Src-mediated phosphorylation of TGFβR2 (TGFβ receptor 2), not TGFβR1, abrogated the effect of GDF15 on IK amplification and Kv2.1 induction. Immunoprecipitation assays showed that GDF15 increased the tyrosine phosphorylation of TGFβRII in the CGN lysate. The results of the present study reveal a novel regulation of Kv2.1 by GDF15 mediated through the TGFβRII-activated Akt/mTOR pathway, which is a previously uncharacterized Smad-independent mechanism of GDF15 signalling.

Protein kinase C activation induces conductance changes in Hermissenda photoreceptors like those seen in associative learning.

Science.gov (United States)

Farley, J; Auerbach, S

Phosphorylation of ion channels has been suggested as one molecular mechanism responsible for learning-produced long-term changes in neuronal excitability. Persistent training-produced changes in two distinct K+ currents (IA (ref. 2), IK-Ca (refs 3,4)) and a voltage-dependent calcium current (ICa; refs 3,4) have previously been shown to occur in type B photoreceptors of Hermissenda, as a result of associative learning. But the identity of the phosphorylation pathway(s) responsible for these changes has not as yet been determined. Injections of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase reduce a K+ current (IK) in B cells which is different from those changed by training, but fails to reduce IA and IK-Ca. Phosphorylase b kinase (an exogenous calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase) reduces IA, but whether IK-Ca and ICa are changed in the manner of associative training is not yet known. Another protein kinase present in high concentrations in both mammalian brain and molluscan nervous systems is protein kinase C, which is both calcium- and phospholipid-sensitive. We now present evidence that activation of protein kinase C by the tumour promoter phorbol ester (PDB) and intracellular injection of the enzyme induce conductance changes similar to those caused by associative training in Hermissenda B cells (that is a reduction of IA and IK-Ca, and enhancement of ICa). These results represent the first direct demonstration that protein kinase C affects membrane K+ ion conductance mechanisms.

Inward rectifier potassium (Kir2.1) channels as end‐stage boosters of endothelium‐dependent vasodilators

Science.gov (United States)

Dalsgaard, Thomas; Bonev, Adrian D.; Nelson, Mark T.

2016-01-01

Key points Increase in endothelial cell (EC) calcium activates calcium‐sensitive intermediate and small conductance potassium (IK and SK) channels, thereby causing hyperpolarization and endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation.Endothelial cells express inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channels, but their role in endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation is not clear.In the mesenteric arteries, only ECs, but not smooth muscle cells, displayed Kir currents that were predominantly mediated by the Kir2.1 isoform.Endothelium‐dependent vasodilatations in response to muscarinic receptor, TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) channel and IK/SK channel agonists were highly attenuated by Kir channel inhibitors and by Kir2.1 channel knockdown.These results point to EC Kir channels as amplifiers of vasodilatation in response to increases in EC calcium and IK/SK channel activation and suggest that EC Kir channels could be targeted to treat endothelial dysfunction, which is a hallmark of vascular disorders. Abstract Endothelium‐dependent vasodilators, such as acetylcholine, increase intracellular Ca2+ through activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels in the plasma membrane and inositol trisphosphate receptors in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to stimulation of Ca2+‐sensitive intermediate and small conductance K+ (IK and SK, respectively) channels. Although strong inward rectifier K+ (Kir) channels have been reported in the native endothelial cells (ECs) their role in EC‐dependent vasodilatation is not clear. Here, we test the idea that Kir channels boost the EC‐dependent vasodilatation of resistance‐sized arteries. We show that ECs, but not smooth muscle cells, of small mesenteric arteries have Kir currents, which are substantially reduced in EC‐specific Kir2.1 knockdown (EC‐Kir2.1 −/−) mice. Elevation of extracellular K+ to 14 mm caused vasodilatation of pressurized arteries, which was prevented by endothelial

Inward rectifier potassium (Kir2.1) channels as end-stage boosters of endothelium-dependent vasodilators.

Science.gov (United States)

Sonkusare, Swapnil K; Dalsgaard, Thomas; Bonev, Adrian D; Nelson, Mark T

2016-06-15

Increase in endothelial cell (EC) calcium activates calcium-sensitive intermediate and small conductance potassium (IK and SK) channels, thereby causing hyperpolarization and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. Endothelial cells express inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channels, but their role in endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is not clear. In the mesenteric arteries, only ECs, but not smooth muscle cells, displayed Kir currents that were predominantly mediated by the Kir2.1 isoform. Endothelium-dependent vasodilatations in response to muscarinic receptor, TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) channel and IK/SK channel agonists were highly attenuated by Kir channel inhibitors and by Kir2.1 channel knockdown. These results point to EC Kir channels as amplifiers of vasodilatation in response to increases in EC calcium and IK/SK channel activation and suggest that EC Kir channels could be targeted to treat endothelial dysfunction, which is a hallmark of vascular disorders. Endothelium-dependent vasodilators, such as acetylcholine, increase intracellular Ca(2+) through activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels in the plasma membrane and inositol trisphosphate receptors in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to stimulation of Ca(2+) -sensitive intermediate and small conductance K(+) (IK and SK, respectively) channels. Although strong inward rectifier K(+) (Kir) channels have been reported in the native endothelial cells (ECs) their role in EC-dependent vasodilatation is not clear. Here, we test the idea that Kir channels boost the EC-dependent vasodilatation of resistance-sized arteries. We show that ECs, but not smooth muscle cells, of small mesenteric arteries have Kir currents, which are substantially reduced in EC-specific Kir2.1 knockdown (EC-Kir2.1(-/-) ) mice. Elevation of extracellular K(+) to 14 mm caused vasodilatation of pressurized arteries, which was prevented by endothelial denudation and Kir channel

Nonlinear Eulerian Thermoelasticity for Anisotropic Crystals

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-01

related by AiJkL ¼ ∂ðFkMSMLÞ=∂FiJ ¼ FiNFkMCNJML þ δikSJL ¼ FiNFkMCNJML þ δikF−1Jn PnL : ð2:50Þ Similarly, coefficients A and Ĉ are related by AiJkL...IJKL ¼ F−1Ii F−1MiF−1Jj F−1Nj F−1Kk F−1OkF−1Ll F−1Pl ĈMNOP−F−1Ik F−1Kk F−1Jn PnL −F−1Ii F−1KmF−1JmPiL−F−1Ii F−1KmF−1Li PmJ−F−1Ii F−1Jm F−1LmPiK : ð2:52Þ

Practical use of control rod calibration system with the inverse kinetics method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamanaka, Haruhiko; Hayashi, Kazuhiko; Motohashi, Jun; Kawashima, Kazuhito; Ichimura, Toshiyuki; Tamai, Kazuo; Takeuti, Mitsuo

2002-01-01

The control rod calibration results in the JRR-3 are used as a reactivity standard to measure and manage the reactivity change in the core. The total travel of all six control rods has been calibrated by an inverse kinetics method (IK method) during an annual maintenance period. The IK method has the great merit in saving measuring time compared with the conventional positive period method (PP method). The JRR-3 control rod calibration system was renovated and put into practical use in order to improve reliability and function by accumulating 10-year experience with the IK method in the JRR-3. The report shows the function, the performance and results of verification of the JRR-3 control rod calibration system. (author)

Obstacle Avoidance for Redundant Manipulators Utilizing a Backward Quadratic Search Algorithm

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tianjian Hu

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Obstacle avoidance can be achieved as a secondary task by appropriate inverse kinematics (IK resolution of redundant manipulators. Most prior literature requires the time-consuming determination of the closest point to the obstacle for every calculation step. Aiming at the relief of computational burden, this paper develops what is termed a backward quadratic search algorithm (BQSA as another option for solving IK problems in obstacle avoidance. The BQSA detects possible collisions based on the root property of a category of quadratic functions, which are derived from ellipse-enveloped obstacles and the positions of each link's end-points. The algorithm executes a backward search for possible obstacle collisions, from the end-effector to the base, and avoids obstacles by utilizing a hybrid IK scheme, incorporating the damped least-squares method, the weighted least-norm method and the gradient projection method. Some details of the hybrid IK scheme, such as values of the damped factor, weights and the clamping velocity, are discussed, along with a comparison of computational load between previous methods and BQSA. Simulations of a planar seven-link manipulator and a PUMA 560 robot verify the effectiveness of BQSA.

APOEε4 increases trauma induced early apoptosis via reducing delayed rectifier K(+) currents in neuronal/glial co-cultures model.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Ligang; Sun, Xiaochuan; Jiang, Yong; Kuai, Li

2015-06-10

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a commonly encountered emergency and severe neurosurgical injury. Previous studies have shown that the presence of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele has adverse outcomes across the spectrum of TBI severity. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of APOE alleles on trauma induced early apoptosis via modification of delayed rectifier K(+) current (Ik(DR)) in neuronal/glial co-cultures model. An ex vivo neuronal/glial co-cultures model carrying individual APOE alleles (ε2, ε3, ε4) of mechanical injury was developed. Flow cytometry and patch clamp recording were performed to analyze the correlations among APOE genotypes, early apoptosis and Ik(DR). We found that APOEε4 increased early apoptosis at 24h (p<0.05) compared to the ones transfected with APOEε3 and APOEε2. Noticeably, APOEε4 significantly reduced the amplitude of the Ik(DR) at 24h compared to the APOEε3 and APOEε2 (p<0.05) which exacerbate Ca(2+) influx. This indicates a possible effect of APOEε4 on early apoptosis via inhibiting Ik(DR) following injury which may adversely affect the outcome of TBI. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Indigenous Knowledge of Petalangan in Conserving Tesso Nilo National Park, Riau, Indonesia

Science.gov (United States)

Syafi'i, Muhammad; Auzar; Sukendi; Firdaus, LN.

2017-12-01

Environmental conservation based on the Indigenous knowledge (IK) was increasing become the attention of Indonesia in line with the declining quality the environment, especially in the national park area. Tesso Nilo is one the national park conservation areas in Riau Province with an area of 38,576 ha has experienced almost 66.2% depreciation in the period 2004-2013. This study aims to explore the values of Indigenous knowledge from peoples in the region Tesso Nilo Pelalawan, Riau Province. The survey method has been used for all indigenous communities domiciled in 7 villages within the Tesso Nilo National Park. 47 respondents consisting of village head, perbatinan, and tokoh adat were determined by purposive sampling. Data were collected through depth interview, observation, and documentation, then analyzed descriptive-qualitative. There are nine IK Petalangan society in TNTN, that is adat menyusuk kampung, adat menyusuk dusun, adat Berladang, adat rimbo larangan, adat rimbo kepungan sialang, adat rimbo simpanan, adat beramu kayu, adat berburu, and adat berikan. It can be concluded that IK Petalangan community a strategic value in environmental conservation TNTN. Integration values IK Petalangan community into the TNTN environmental conservation micro policy is urgent in the perspective of sustainable development.

Effect of the Diabetic State on Islet Engraftment and Function in a Large Animal Model of Islet-Kidney Transplantation.

Science.gov (United States)

Vallabhajosyula, Prashanth; Hirakata, Atsushi; Weiss, Matthew; Griesemer, Adam; Shimizu, Akira; Hong, Hanzhou; Habertheuer, Andreas; Tchipashvili, Vaja; Yamada, Kazuhiko; Sachs, David H

2017-11-01

In islet transplantation, in addition to immunologic and ischemic factors, the diabetic/hyperglycemic state of the recipient has been proposed, although not yet validated, as a possible cause of islet toxicity, contributing to islet loss during the engraftment period. Using a miniature swine model of islet transplantation, we have now assessed the effect of a persistent state of hyperglycemia on islet engraftment and subsequent function. An islet-kidney (IK) model previously described by our laboratory was utilized. Three experimental donor animals underwent total pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation underneath the renal capsule to prepare an IK at a load of ≤1,000 islet equivalents (IE)/kg donor weight, leading to a chronic diabetic state during the engraftment period (fasting blood glucose >250 mg/dL). Three control donor animals underwent partial pancreatectomy (sufficient to maintain normoglycemia during islet engraftment period) and IK preparation. As in vivo functional readout for islet engraftment, the IKs were transplanted across an immunologic minor or class I mismatch barrier into diabetic, nephrectomized recipients at an islet load of ∼4,500 IE/kg recipient weight. A 12-d course of cyclosporine was administered for tolerance induction. All experimental donors became diabetic and showed signs of end organ injury, while control donors maintained normoglycemia. All recipients of IK from both experimental and control donors achieved glycemic control over long-term follow-up, with reversal of diabetic nephropathy and with similar glucose tolerance tests. In this preclinical, large animal model, neither islet engraftment nor subsequent long-term islet function after transplantation appear to be affected by the diabetic state.

Uremic retention solute indoxyl sulfate level is associated with prolonged QTc interval in early CKD patients.

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Wei-Hua Tang

Full Text Available Total mortality and sudden cardiac death is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD. In CKD patients, the protein-bound uremic retention solute indoxyl sulfate (IS is independently associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the underlying mechanisms of this association have yet to be elucidated. The relationship between IS and cardiac electrocardiographic parameters was investigated in a prospective observational study among early CKD patients. IS arrhythmogenic effect was evaluated by in vitro cardiomyocyte electrophysiological study and mathematical computer simulation. In a cohort of 100 early CKD patients, patients with corrected QT (QTc prolongation had higher IS levels. Furthermore, serum IS level was independently associated with prolonged QTc interval. In vitro, the delay rectifier potassium current (IK was found to be significantly decreased after the treatment of IS in a dose-dependent manner. The modulation of IS to the IK was through the regulation of the major potassium ion channel protein Kv 2.1 phosphorylation. In a computer simulation, the decrease of IK by IS could prolong the action potential duration (APD and induce early afterdepolarization, which is known to be a trigger mechanism of lethal ventricular arrhythmias. In conclusion, serum IS level is independently associated with the prolonged QTc interval in early CKD patients. IS down-regulated IK channel protein phosphorylation and the IK current activity that in turn increased the cardiomyocyte APD and QTc interval in vitro and in the computer ORd model. These findings suggest that IS may play a role in the development of arrhythmogenesis in CKD patients.

Enhancing climate governance through indigenous knowledge: Case in sustainability science

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Nelson Chanza

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The current tempo of climate change strategies puts the notion of sustainability in question. In this philosophy, mitigation and adaptation strategies ought to be appropriate to the sectors and communities that are targeted. There is a growing realisation that the effectiveness of both strategies hinges on climate governance, which also informs their sustainability. The application of the climate governance concept by the technocratic divide (policymakers and climate practitioners to communities facing climate change impacts, however, is still a poorly developed field, despite extensive treatment by academia. By drawing heavily from conceptual and analytical review of scholarship on the utility of indigenous knowledge (IK in climate science, these authors argue that IK can be deployed in the practice of climate governance. It reveals that the merits of such a deployment lie in the understanding that the tenets of IK and climate governance overlap and are complementary. This is exhibited by examining the conceptual, empirical and sustainability strands of the climate governance-IK nexus. In the milieu of climate change problems, it is argued that the basic elements of climate governance, where actions are informed by the principles of decentralisation and autonomy; accountability and transparency; responsiveness and flexibility; and participation and inclusion, can be pragmatic particularly to communities who have been religiously observing changes in their environment. Therefore, it becomes necessary to invigorate the participation of communities, with their IK, in designing climate change interventions, which in this view can be a means to attain the objectives of climate governance.

Teollisuushallin ilmastoinnin uudistaminen

OpenAIRE

Hyrkäs, Tommi

2013-01-01

Työssä perehdyttiin teollisuushallin ilmastoinnin nykytilaan tutustumalla olemassa oleviin ilmanvaihtopiirustuksiin, energiankulutushistoriaan sekä mittaamalla ilmamäärät. Ilmanvaihtopiirustukset sekä mittaukset osoittivat molemmat, että ilmanvaihto oli suunniteltu ja toteutettu haitallisen ylipaineiseksi. Vanhan ilmanvaihtojärjestelmän tekninen ikä oli tullut vastaan, sillä sen ikä oli jo 40 vuotta. Kohteeseen suunniteltiin uusi ilmastointijärjestelmä laitevalintoineen. Ilmanjakotavaksi ...

Dinamik üretim sistemleri için kanban sayısının belirlenmesi: Bütünleşik bir yöntem

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Özlem Uzun Araz

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Tam zamanında üretim sistemleri (TZÜ, işletmelerin doğru zamanda, müşterinin istediği miktarda üretim yapmalarına olanak sağlayan, böylelikle stoklarını azaltmaya teşvik eden bir yönetim felsefesidir. TZÜ felsefesinin en önemli parçası, malzeme hareketlerini gerçekleştirmek için kullanılan kanban sistemleridir. Kanban sistemlerinde, iş istasyonlarında kullanılacak kanban sayılarının belirlenmesi en temel problem olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Kullanılacak kanban sayıları üretim sisteminin performansı üzerinde etkilidir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Kanban sistemlerinde, kart sayılarının dinamik belirlenebilmesi için kullanılabilecek bir yöntem geliştirmektir. Önerilen yöntemin temelinde, üretim sisteminin anlık veri alınarak izlenmesi ve sistem durum değişkenlerinde meydana gelen farklılıkların dikkate alınarak Kanban sayılarının yeniden düzenlemesi yatmaktadır. Bu amaçla yapılan çalışmada benzetim, yapay sinir ağları ve Mamdani tipi bulanık çıkarsama sistemleri entegre edilerek bütünleşik bir dinamik kanban sayıları belirleme yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Önerilen yöntem, benzetim ortamımda modellenen hipotetik bir üretim sistemine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, önerilen yöntemin verimliliğini ve etkinliğini göstermiştir.

Non-iterative geometric approach for inverse kinematics of redundant lead-module in a radiosurgical snake-like robot.

Science.gov (United States)

Omisore, Olatunji Mumini; Han, Shipeng; Ren, Lingxue; Zhang, Nannan; Ivanov, Kamen; Elazab, Ahmed; Wang, Lei

2017-08-01

Snake-like robot is an emerging form of serial-link manipulator with the morphologic design of biological snakes. The redundant robot can be used to assist medical experts in accessing internal organs with minimal or no invasion. Several snake-like robotic designs have been proposed for minimal invasive surgery, however, the few that were developed are yet to be fully explored for clinical procedures. This is due to lack of capability for full-fledged spatial navigation. In rare cases where such snake-like designs are spatially flexible, there exists no inverse kinematics (IK) solution with both precise control and fast response. In this study, we proposed a non-iterative geometric method for solving IK of lead-module of a snake-like robot designed for therapy or ablation of abdominal tumors. The proposed method is aimed at providing accurate and fast IK solution for given target points in the robot's workspace. n-1 virtual points (VPs) were geometrically computed and set as coordinates of intermediary joints in an n-link module. Suitable joint angles that can place the end-effector at given target points were then computed by vectorizing coordinates of the VPs, in addition to coordinates of the base point, target point, and tip of the first link in its default pose. The proposed method is applied to solve IK of two-link and redundant four-link modules. Both two-link and four-link modules were simulated with Robotics Toolbox in Matlab 8.3 (R2014a). Implementation result shows that the proposed method can solve IK of the spatially flexible robot with minimal error values. Furthermore, analyses of results from both modules show that the geometric method can reach 99.21 and 88.61% of points in their workspaces, respectively, with an error threshold of 1 mm. The proposed method is non-iterative and has a maximum execution time of 0.009 s. This paper focuses on solving IK problem of a spatially flexible robot which is part of a developmental project for abdominal

ÂŞIK VEYSEL’İN ŞİİRLERİNİ DEĞERLER EĞİTİMİ AÇISINDAN OKUMAK [READING ÂŞIK VEYSEL POEMS IN TERMS OF VALUES EDUCATION

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Fatma Süreyya Kurtoğlu

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Son zamanlarda her türlü bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişmeye rağmen dünyada yaşanan şiddet ve korku havası, maddî ve manevî tatminsizlikler; acımasızlık, adaletsizlikler, çevrede olup bitenlere karşı duyarsızlık, mutsuzluk ve hayattan memnuniyetsizlik gibi problemler, eksikliği hissedilen değerlerin öğretimi ve aktarımını daha önemli bir hâle getirmiş; devletleri, millî ve evrensel kimi değerleri yeniden canlı ve etkili hâle getirmeye ve yaşanılan çağa uygun yeni bir takım değerler oluşturmaya; böylelikle kaybolmaya yüz tutmuş sosyal kontrolü yeniden sağlamaya sevk etmiştir. Bu düşünceyle “değerler eğitimi” tüm dünyada çok sayıda çalışmaya konu olmuştur. 1995 yılından beri ise ciddi bir şekilde üzerinde durularak ve “Yaşayan Değerler Eğitimi” adıyla projelendirilerek daha ziyade ölmeye yüz tutmuş değerler yeniden canlandırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu konuda ülkemizde de bu değerlerin okul aracılığıyla kazandırılabileceği düşüncesiyle ilköğretim ve ortaöğretimde okutulan tüm derslerin ders öğretim programlarında, dersle ilgilileri de düşünülerek bir takım hedef değerler belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Türk edebiyatının, millî ve manevî değerlerin aktarılmasında ve öğretilmesinde aracılık vazifesi yüklenen, muhatabı olan okuruna nasihat eden birçok esere sahip olduğu düşüncesiyle yirminci yüzyıl Türk halk edebiyatının en önemli isimlerinden birisi olan Âşık Veysel’in şiirlerini “değerler eğitimi açısından” okumaya çalıştık. 158 şiir üzerinde yaptığımız bu çalışma neticesinde Âşık Veysel’in okurlarına değer eğitimi çerçevesinde de pek çok şey söylediği ortaya çıkmıştır. Yaklaşık 900 dörtlükten oluşan bu şiirlerde değişik sıklıklarda olmak üzere altmışın üzerinde farklı değer tespit edildikten sonra bunlar, değerler eğitimi açısından de

Pharmacological exploration of the resting membrane potential reserve

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

van der Heyden, Marcel A G; Jespersen, Thomas

2016-01-01

as well as by exchangers and pumps. This review will focus on the relative and regulated contribution of IK1, IK,ACh and IK,Ca, and on pharmacological modification of the channels underlying these currents in respect to the resting membrane potential, Na(+) channel availability and atrial......The cardiac action potential arises and spreads throughout the myocardium as a consequence of highly organized spatial and temporal expression of ion channels conducting Na(+), Ca(2+) or K(+) currents. The cardiac Na(+) current is responsible for the initiation and progression of the action...... potential. Altered Na(+) current has been found implicated in a number of different arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation. In the atrium, the resting membrane potential is more depolarized than in the ventricles, and as cardiac Na(+) channels undergo voltage-dependent inactivation close...

Immunoconglutinin levels in normal and diseased population groups in Southern Africa

Science.gov (United States)

Watson, K. C.

1971-01-01

Immunoconglutinin (I-K) levels were measured in adult blood donors of European and African origin and in patients with the following diseases: acute typhoid fever, amoebic liver abscess, chronic liver disease and primary hepatoma. The lowest levels were found in the white donor group and the highest in those with chronic liver disease and those with primary hepatoma. African donors had levels higher than white donors which may relate to chronic infection and particularly chronic parasitic infestation. There was poor correlation between `O' and `H' antibodies and I-K levels in the typhoid group. In those with chronic liver disease there was some correlation between I-K levels and total γ-globulin and also with raised IgM and IgA levels but not with raised IgG. PMID:4103887

Influence of aging and growth hormone on different members of the NFkB family and IkB expression in the heart from a murine model of senescence-accelerated aging.

Science.gov (United States)

Forman, K; Vara, E; García, C; Kireev, R; Cuesta, S; Acuña-Castroviejo, D; Tresguerres, J A F

2016-01-01

Inflammation is related to several pathological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the protein expression of the different subunits of the nuclear factor Kappa b (NFkBp65, p50, p105, p52, p100) and the protein expressions of IkB beta and alpha in the hearts from a murine model of accelerated aging (SAM model) by Western blot. In addition, the translocation of some isoforms of NFkB from cytosol to nuclei (NFkBp65, p50, p52) and ATP level content was studied. In addition we investigated the effect of the chronic administration of growth hormone (GH) on these age-related parameters. SAMP8 and SAMR1 mice of 2 and 10 months of age were used (n = 30). Animals were divided into five experimental groups: 2 old untreated (SAMP8/SAMR1), 2 young control (SAMP8/SAMR1) and one GH treated-old groups (SAMP8). Age-related changes were found in the studied parameters. We were able to see decreases of ATP level contents and the translocation of the nuclear factor kappa B p50, p52 and p65 from cytosol to nuclei in old SAMP8 mice together with a decrease of IKB proteins. However p100 and p105 did not show differences with aging. No significant changes were recorded in SAMR1 animals. GH treatment showed beneficial effects in old SAMP8 mice inducing an increase in ATP levels and inhibiting the translocation of some NFkB subunits such as p52. Our results supported the relation of NFkB activation with enhanced apoptosis and pro-inflammatory status in old SAMP8 mice and suggested a selective beneficial effect of the GH treatment, which was able to partially reduce the incidence of some deleterious changes in the heart of those mice.

Effect of the Diabetic State on Islet Engraftment and Function in a Large Animal Model of Islet–Kidney Transplantation

Science.gov (United States)

Hirakata, Atsushi; Weiss, Matthew; Griesemer, Adam; Shimizu, Akira; Hong, Hanzhou; Habertheuer, Andreas; Tchipashvili, Vaja; Yamada, Kazuhiko; Sachs, David H.

2018-01-01

In islet transplantation, in addition to immunologic and ischemic factors, the diabetic/hyperglycemic state of the recipient has been proposed, although not yet validated, as a possible cause of islet toxicity, contributing to islet loss during the engraftment period. Using a miniature swine model of islet transplantation, we have now assessed the effect of a persistent state of hyperglycemia on islet engraftment and subsequent function. An islet–kidney (IK) model previously described by our laboratory was utilized. Three experimental donor animals underwent total pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation underneath the renal capsule to prepare an IK at a load of ≤1,000 islet equivalents (IE)/kg donor weight, leading to a chronic diabetic state during the engraftment period (fasting blood glucose >250 mg/dL). Three control donor animals underwent partial pancreatectomy (sufficient to maintain normoglycemia during islet engraftment period) and IK preparation. As in vivo functional readout for islet engraftment, the IKs were transplanted across an immunologic minor or class I mismatch barrier into diabetic, nephrectomized recipients at an islet load of ∼4,500 IE/kg recipient weight. A 12-d course of cyclosporine was administered for tolerance induction. All experimental donors became diabetic and showed signs of end organ injury, while control donors maintained normoglycemia. All recipients of IK from both experimental and control donors achieved glycemic control over long-term follow-up, with reversal of diabetic nephropathy and with similar glucose tolerance tests. In this preclinical, large animal model, neither islet engraftment nor subsequent long-term islet function after transplantation appear to be affected by the diabetic state. PMID:29338381

Effects of pioglitazone on cardiac ion currents and action potential morphology in canine ventricular myocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Kistamás, Kornél; Szentandrássy, Norbert; Hegyi, Bence; Ruzsnavszky, Ferenc; Váczi, Krisztina; Bárándi, László; Horváth, Balázs; Szebeni, Andrea; Magyar, János; Bányász, Tamás; Kecskeméti, Valéria; Nánási, Péter P

2013-06-15

Despite its widespread therapeutical use there is little information on the cellular cardiac effects of the antidiabetic drug pioglitazone in larger mammals. In the present study, therefore, the concentration-dependent effects of pioglitazone on ion currents and action potential configuration were studied in isolated canine ventricular myocytes using standard microelectrode, conventional whole cell patch clamp, and action potential voltage clamp techniques. Pioglitazone decreased the maximum velocity of depolarization and the amplitude of phase-1 repolarization at concentrations ≥3 μM. Action potentials were shortened by pioglitazone at concentrations ≥10 μM, which effect was accompanied with significant reduction of beat-to-beat variability of action potential duration. Several transmembrane ion currents, including the transient outward K(+) current (Ito), the L-type Ca(2+) current (ICa), the rapid and slow components of the delayed rectifier K(+) current (IKr and IKs, respectively), and the inward rectifier K(+) current (IK1) were inhibited by pioglitazone under conventional voltage clamp conditions. Ito was blocked significantly at concentrations ≥3 μM, ICa, IKr, IKs at concentrations ≥10 μM, while IK1 at concentrations ≥30 μM. Suppression of Ito, ICa, IKr, and IK1 has been confirmed also under action potential voltage clamp conditions. ATP-sensitive K(+) current, when activated by lemakalim, was effectively blocked by pioglitazone. Accordingly, action potentials were prolonged by 10 μM pioglitazone when the drug was applied in the presence of lemakalim. All these effects developed rapidly and were readily reversible upon washout. In conclusion, pioglitazone seems to be a harmless agent at usual therapeutic concentrations. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Opening of small and intermediate calcium-activated potassium channels induces relaxation mainly mediated by nitric-oxide release in large arteries and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in small arteries from rat

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stankevicius, Edgaras; Dalsgaard, Thomas; Kroigaard, Christel

2011-01-01

This study was designed to investigate whether calcium-activated potassium channels of small (SK(Ca) or K(Ca)2) and intermediate (IK(Ca) or K(Ca)3.1) conductance activated by 6,7-dichloro-1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-oxime (NS309) are involved in both nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium-derived hyperpolar......This study was designed to investigate whether calcium-activated potassium channels of small (SK(Ca) or K(Ca)2) and intermediate (IK(Ca) or K(Ca)3.1) conductance activated by 6,7-dichloro-1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-oxime (NS309) are involved in both nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium...... in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and calcium concentrations were investigated in both HUVECs and mesenteric arterial endothelial cells. In both superior (∼1093 μm) and small mesenteric (∼300 μm) arteries, NS309 evoked endothelium- and concentration-dependent relaxations. In superior....... In small mesenteric arteries, NS309 relaxations were reduced slightly by ADMA, whereas apamin plus an IK(Ca) channel blocker almost abolished relaxation. Iberiotoxin did not change NS309 relaxation. HUVECs expressed mRNA for SK(Ca) and IK(Ca) channels, and NS309 induced increases in calcium, outward...

Subcutaneous immunoglobulin as first-line therapy in treatment-naive patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Markvardsen, L H; Sindrup, S H; Christiansen, I

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) is effective as maintenance treatment in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). We investigated whether multiple subcutaneous infusions are as effective as conventional therapy with intravenous loading doses in treatment...... treatment arm and followed for a further 10 weeks. All participants were evaluated at weeks 0, 2, 5 and 10 during both therapies. Primary outcome was combined isokinetic muscle strength (cIKS). Secondary outcomes were disability, clinical evaluation of muscle strength and the performance of various function...... tests. RESULTS: All participants received both therapies, 14 completing the protocol. Overall, cIKS increased by 7.4 ± 14.5% (P = 0.0003) during SCIG and by 6.9 ± 16.8% (P = 0.002) during IVIG, the effect being similar (P = 0.80). Improvement of cIKS peaked 2 weeks after IVIG and 5 weeks after SCIG...

Perspectives on the Indigenous Worldviews in Informal Science Education Conference

Science.gov (United States)

Venkatesan, Aparna; Burgasser, Adam

2017-11-01

The chronic underrepresentation of Native and indigenous peoples in STEM fields (Fig. 1) has been a longstanding issue in the United States, despite concentrated efforts by many local and national groups, including the Society for Advancement of Chicanos/Hispanics and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS) and the American Indian Science and Engineering Society (AISES) to address it. Here we report on the conference on Indigenous Worldviews in Informal Science Education (I-WISE), convened in Albuquerque, NM, on Sept. 2-5, 2015. We share what we learned on the commonalities and differences in perspectives between indigenous knowledge (IK) and Western science; summarize the role that IK is already playing in scientific fields, ranging from astrophysics to medicine to climate change; and describe how IK can help science education and research be more sustainable, inclusive, and respectful to all peoples.

Speeding up the learning of robot kinematics through function decomposition.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruiz de Angulo, Vicente; Torras, Carme

2005-11-01

The main drawback of using neural networks or other example-based learning procedures to approximate the inverse kinematics (IK) of robot arms is the high number of training samples (i.e., robot movements) required to attain an acceptable precision. We propose here a trick, valid for most industrial robots, that greatly reduces the number of movements needed to learn or relearn the IK to a given accuracy. This trick consists in expressing the IK as a composition of learnable functions, each having half the dimensionality of the original mapping. Off-line and on-line training schemes to learn these component functions are also proposed. Experimental results obtained by using nearest neighbors and parameterized self-organizing map, with and without the decomposition, show that the time savings granted by the proposed scheme grow polynomially with the precision required.

Mechanisms underlying epithelium-dependent relaxation in rat bronchioles

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kroigaard, Christel; Dalsgaard, Thomas; Simonsen, Ulf

2010-01-01

This study investigated the mechanisms underlying epithelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EpDHF)-type relaxation in rat bronchioles. Immunohistochemistry was performed, and rat bronchioles and pulmonary arteries were mounted in microvascular myographs for functional studies. An opener of small...... (SK(Ca)) and intermediate (IK(Ca))-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels, NS309 (6,7-dichloro-1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-oxime) was used to induce EpDHF-type relaxation. IK(Ca) and SK(Ca)3 positive immunoreactions were observed mainly in the epithelium and endothelium of bronchioles and arteries......, respectively. In 5-hydroxytryptamine (1 microM)-contracted bronchioles (828 +/- 20 microm, n = 84) and U46619 (0.03 microM)-contracted arteries (720 +/- 24 microm, n = 68), NS309 (0.001-10 microM) induced concentration-dependent relaxations that were reduced by epithelium/endothelium removal and by blocking IK...

Değişik Sürelerde Depolanan Patates Çeşitlerinin Bazı Özellikleri Üzerine bir Araştırma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kemalettin Kara

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Bu araştırmada, değişik sürelerde depolanan Isola, Marfona, Granola ve Famosa patates çeşitlerinin yumrularında meydana gelen bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal değişiklikler incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla yürütülen araştırma 2.11.1990 tarihinden itibaren 14 gün aralıklarla 140 gün süre ile devam ettirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, depolama süresince bağlı olarak yumru ağırlığı azalmış, cips verimliliği ve cipsin yağ çekme oranları artmış, protein oranındaki değişim kararsız olmuş, yumruların kuru madde, özgül ağırlık ve nişasta oranı arasında değişiklik olmamıştır. Depolama süresi içerisinde patates çeşitleri arasında yumru ağırlığı, kuru madde, özgül ağırlık, nişasta ve protein verimi ve yağ çekme oranları bakımından ise herhangi bir farklılık görülmemiştir. İncelenen karakterler arasında kuru madde ile özgül ağırlık ve nişasta oranı arasında, özgül ağırlık ile de nişasta oranları arasında olumlu ve önemli ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Depolama süresi boyunca patates çeşitlerinden Isola’nın incelenen karakterler yönünden diğer patates çeşitlerine göre daha üstün olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

Alternative Perspectives on Sustainability: Indigenous Knowledge and Methodologies

OpenAIRE

Meg Parsons; Johanna Nalau; Karen Fisher

2017-01-01

Indigenous knowledge (IK) is now recognized as being critical to the development of effective, equitable and meaningful strategies to address socio-ecological crises. However efforts to integrate IK and Western science frequently encounter difficulties due to different systems of knowledge production and underlying worldviews. New approaches are needed so that sustainability can progress on the terms that matter the most for the people involved. In this paper we discuss a case study from Aote...

Dicty_cDB: SHL102 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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Arkiruokailua ja fiiniä ateriointia : senioriaterioista liiketoimintaa ja elämänlaatua -hanke: loppuraportti

OpenAIRE

Perttula, Katariina; Pitkäkoski, Tuija; Eromäki, Hillevi

2017-01-01

Senioriaterioista liiketoimintaa ja elämän laatua -hankkeen tavoitteena oli luoda uudenlaisia palvelukonsepteja kasvavan senioriväestön lounasateriointiin. Seniorit tunnistetaan vielä heikosti omana erityisenä asiakasryhmään kaupallisissa lounaspalveluissa. Hankkeessa selvitettiin, miten kaupallisten, julkisten ja yhteisöllisten toimijoiden kanssa yhteistyössä voidaan luoda uudenlaisia senioriystävällisiä lounaspalvelukonsepteja, jotka vastaavat seniori-ikäisten palveluodotuksia, lisäävät ikä...

Dynamics of the inward rectifier K+ current during the action potential of guinea pig ventricular myocytes

OpenAIRE

Ibarra, J.; Morley, G.E.; Delmar, M.

1991-01-01

The potassium selective, inward rectifier current (IK1) is known to be responsible for maintaining the resting membrane potential of quiescent ventricular myocytes. However, the contribution of this current to the different phases of the cardiac action potential has not been adequately established. In the present study, we have used the action potential clamp (APC) technique to characterize the dynamic changes of a cesium-sensitive (i.e., Ik1) current which occur during the action potential. ...

Twenty-four-hour exposure to altered blood flow modifies endothelial Ca2+-activated K+ channels in rat mesenteric arteries

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hilgers, Rob H P; Janssen, Ger M J; Fazzi, Gregorio E

2010-01-01

We tested the hypothesis that changes in arterial blood flow modify the function of endothelial Ca2+-activated K+ channels [calcium-activated K+ channel (K(Ca)), small-conductance calcium-activated K+ channel (SK3), and intermediate calcium-activated K+ channel (IK1)] before arterial structural...... remodeling. In rats, mesenteric arteries were exposed to increased [+90%, high flow (HF)] or reduced blood flow [-90%, low flow (LF)] and analyzed 24 h later. There were no detectable changes in arterial structure or in expression level of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase, SK3, or IK1. Arterial relaxing...... arteries, the balance between the NO/prostanoid versus EDHF response was unaltered. However, the contribution of IK1 to the EDHF response was enhanced, as indicated by a larger effect of TRAM-34 and a larger residual NS309-induced relaxation in the presence of UCL 1684. Reduction of blood flow selectively...

De zin van het economische opnieuw beschouwd

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T. P. van der Kooy

1964-03-01

Full Text Available In 1950 heb ik het hoogleraarschap in de economie aan de juridische faculteit der Vrije Universiteit te Amsterdam aanvaard m et een rede over de zin van het economische. Sinds- dien heeft dit centiaal m elhodologisch vraagstuk van de we- tenschap der economie mij ook verder bezig gehouden. Het is voor een economist een m oeilijk vraagstuk, om dat het tevens een wijsgerig vraagstuk is. Over het algemeen vindt de econo­ m ist daarover weinig in de filosofische liLeratuur. Dit is zeer begrijpelijk, w ant wijsgeren kunnen op zijn best m aar heel sum m ier kennis nem en van wat er in de vakw etenschappen omgaat, terw ijl zij, voor zover mij bekend, in den regel slechts weinig belangstelling voor de economie aan den dag leggen. Omgekeerd zijn econom islen m eestal niet bijzonder filosofisch aangelegd, en hebben zij de handen vol om de storm achtige ontwikkeling van liun eigen literatuur enigzins bij te houden afgezien nog van het l'eit dat zij in den regel vele praktischc beslom m eringen hebben, ten gevolge waarvan zij zich niet ongestoord aan de studie kunnen wijden. Van een behoorlijk sam enspel tussen filosolen en economislen komt over het ge- heel ook niet veel terecht. Wat de wijsgerige kant van m ijn overpeizingen betreft, ben ik dus door de nood gedwongen slechts am ateur. Ik kom daar gaarne voor uit, en ik ben steeds bereid te zwichten voor het beter oordeel der wijsgeren, m its ik dat kan vatten, en in m ijn eigen w erk daar iets mee uit kan richten. Men behoeft nog geen door de wol geverfd prag­ m atist of operationalist te zijn om te weten dat ieder werk zijn eigen eisen stelt.

N-terminal arginines modulate plasma-membrane localization of Kv7.1/KCNE1 channel complexes.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zenawit Girmatsion

Full Text Available BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The slow delayed rectifier current (I(Ks is important for cardiac action potential termination. The underlying channel is composed of Kv7.1 α-subunits and KCNE1 β-subunits. While most evidence suggests a role of KCNE1 transmembrane domain and C-terminus for the interaction, the N-terminal KCNE1 polymorphism 38G is associated with reduced I(Ks and atrial fibrillation (a human arrhythmia. Structure-function relationship of the KCNE1 N-terminus for I(Ks modulation is poorly understood and was subject of this study. METHODS: We studied N-terminal KCNE1 constructs disrupting structurally important positively charged amino-acids (arginines at positions 32, 33, 36 as well as KCNE1 constructs that modify position 38 including an N-terminal truncation mutation. Experimental procedures included molecular cloning, patch-clamp recording, protein biochemistry, real-time-PCR and confocal microscopy. RESULTS: All KCNE1 constructs physically interacted with Kv7.1. I(Ks resulting from co-expression of Kv7.1 with non-atrial fibrillation '38S' was greater than with any other construct. Ionic currents resulting from co-transfection of a KCNE1 mutant with arginine substitutions ('38G-3xA' were comparable to currents evoked from cells transfected with an N-terminally truncated KCNE1-construct ('Δ1-38'. Western-blots from plasma-membrane preparations and confocal images consistently showed a greater amount of Kv7.1 protein at the plasma-membrane in cells co-transfected with the non-atrial fibrillation KCNE1-38S than with any other construct. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study indicate that N-terminal arginines in positions 32, 33, 36 of KCNE1 are important for reconstitution of I(Ks. Furthermore, our results hint towards a role of these N-terminal amino-acids in membrane representation of the delayed rectifier channel complex.

The function and molecular identity of inward rectifier channels in vestibular hair cells of the mouse inner ear

Science.gov (United States)

Levin, Michaela E.

2012-01-01

Inner ear hair cells respond to mechanical stimuli with graded receptor potentials. These graded responses are modulated by a host of voltage-dependent currents that flow across the basolateral membrane. Here, we examine the molecular identity and the function of a class of voltage-dependent ion channels that carries the potassium-selective inward rectifier current known as IK1. IK1 has been identified in vestibular hair cells of various species, but its molecular composition and functional contributions remain obscure. We used quantitative RT-PCR to show that the inward rectifier gene, Kir2.1, is highly expressed in mouse utricle between embryonic day 15 and adulthood. We confirmed Kir2.1 protein expression in hair cells by immunolocalization. To examine the molecular composition of IK1, we recorded voltage-dependent currents from type II hair cells in response to 50-ms steps from −124 to −54 in 10-mV increments. Wild-type cells had rapidly activating inward currents with reversal potentials close to the K+ equilibrium potential and a whole-cell conductance of 4.8 ± 1.5 nS (n = 46). In utricle hair cells from Kir2.1-deficient (Kir2.1−/−) mice, IK1 was absent at all stages examined. To identify the functional contribution of Kir2.1, we recorded membrane responses in current-clamp mode. Hair cells from Kir2.1−/− mice had significantly (P < 0.001) more depolarized resting potentials and larger, slower membrane responses than those of wild-type cells. These data suggest that Kir2.1 is required for IK1 in type II utricle hair cells and contributes to hyperpolarized resting potentials and fast, small amplitude receptor potentials in response to current inputs, such as those evoked by hair bundle deflections. PMID:22496522

Das COSO Enterprise Risk Management-Framework

OpenAIRE

Ruud, Flemming; Reichert, Felix

2007-01-01

Der Verwaltungsrat und die Geschäftsleitung tragen die Verantwortung, ein Internes Kontrollsystem (IKS) im Unternehmen auszugestalten. Ab dem Geschäftsjahr 2008 wird die Existenz eines IKS durch den externen Revisor geprüft (Art. 728a, 728b revOR). Auch sind im Anhang Angaben über die Durchführung einer Risikobeurteilung zu publizieren (Art. 663b revOR). Das Enterprise-Risk-Management-Framework von COSO (COSO ERM) kann als Führungsinstrument helfen, wichtige Chancen und Risiken zu erkennen...

Inflammation in Prostate Carcinogenesis: Role of the Tumor Suppressor Par-4

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-01

dorsal, are essential for the synthesis of the anti- microbial peptide drosomycin in response to the activation of the Toll pathway by fungal pathogens (67... synthesis of immune response proteins, namely anti-microbial IK K α IK K β TNF, IL-1, LPS Receptors Adapters p50p65 κB-transcription PKCζ P γIKK S311...in T-cell-mediated fulminant hepatitis, another physiologically relevant in vivo response. The discovery of the role for PKCf in this pathological

DÖNÜŞÜMCÜ LİDERLİĞİN ÖRGÜTSEL VATANDAŞLIK DAVRANIŞINA ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DE YEREL YÖNETİMLERE DAİR UYGULAMALI BİR ARAŞTIRMA

OpenAIRE

ÇETİN, Sefa; GİDERLER, Ceren; EFEOĞLU, Efe

2012-01-01

Liderlik teorileri konusundaki bilimsel literatür incelendiğinde, liderlik kavramının yaklaşık olarak son otuz yıldır değişik tartışmaların odak noktası olduğunu görmek mümkündür. Bunun kısmi olarak nedeni liderlik tanımının ve teorisinin değişik kavramsal çerçevelerde ve değişik disiplinlerce ele alınmış olmasıdır. Dolayısıyla liderlik kavramının bir değil birçok tanımı bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında liderlik, bireyin bir grup insanı, belirli amaçlar etrafında toplayabilme ve bu amaçla...

Estimators of primary production for interpretation of remotely sensed data on ocean color

Science.gov (United States)

Platt, Trevor; Sathyendranath, Shubha

1993-01-01

The theoretical basis is explained for some commonly used estimators of daily primary production in a vertically uniform water column. These models are recast into a canonical form, with dimensionless arguments, to facilitate comparison with each other and with an analytic solution. The limitations of each model are examined. The values of the photoadaptation parameter I(k) observed in the ocean are analyzed, and I(k) is used as a scale to normalize the surface irradiance. The range of this scaled irradiance is presented. An equation is given for estimation of I(k) from recent light history. It is shown how the models for water column production can be adapted for estimation of the production in finite layers. The distinctions between model formulation, model implementation and model evaluation are discussed. Recommendations are given on the choice of algorithm for computation of daily production according to the degree of approximation acceptable in the result.

Sairaalan leikkitoiminta kansainvälisestä näkökulmasta - kirjallisuuskatsaus

OpenAIRE

Hämäläinen, Wilma; Hyvärinen, Mari

2017-01-01

Opinnäytetyö oli osa Helsingin yliopistollisen sairaalan Leikki- ja nuorisotoiminnan yksikön hanketta. Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli kuvata millaista kansainvälistä leikkiä toteutetaan sairaan leikki-ikäisen lapsen sairaanhoidon aikana. Tavoitteena oli koota aiheesta uutta tietoutta Leikki- ja nuorisotoiminnan yksikköön ja muulle Lastenklinikan henkilökunnalle. Opinnäytetyössä tutkittiin, millaista leikkiä toteutetaan kansainvälisesti leikki-ikäisen lapsen hoitotyössä sairaalahoidon aikana....

A Laboratory Study of the Effect of Stress State on the Elastic Moduli of Sand

Science.gov (United States)

1990-01-01

frequency. Drnevich (1967) investigated the effect of strain history on the dynamic properties of a dry Ottawa sand. One finding of his work was that the...2.2) in which jo = effective octahedral normal stress, e = void ratio, H = ambient stress and vibration history , S - de9,ee of saturation, To...zt) = ik[Cei(kz-wt) - De-i(kz+Wt) (3.20) dz I Substituting Eqs. 3.19 and 3.20 into the second boundary condition at z - L yields ikEA [Cei(kL-cot

Identification and characterization of Ca2+-activated K+ channels in granulosa cells of the human ovary

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Berg Ulrike

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Granulosa cells (GCs represent a major endocrine compartment of the ovary producing sex steroid hormones. Recently, we identified in human GCs a Ca2+-activated K+ channel (KCa of big conductance (BKCa, which is involved in steroidogenesis. This channel is activated by intraovarian signalling molecules (e.g. acetylcholine via raised intracellular Ca2+ levels. In this study, we aimed at characterizing 1. expression and functions of KCa channels (including BKCa beta-subunits, and 2. biophysical properties of BKCa channels. Methods GCs were obtained from in vitro-fertilization patients and cultured. Expression of mRNA was determined by standard RT-PCR and protein expression in human ovarian slices was detected by immunohistochemistry. Progesterone production was measured in cell culture supernatants using ELISAs. Single channels were recorded in the inside-out configuration of the patch-clamp technique. Results We identified two KCa types in human GCs, the intermediate- (IK and the small-conductance KCa (SK. Their functionality was concluded from attenuation of human chorionic gonadotropin-stimulated progesterone production by KCa blockers (TRAM-34, apamin. Functional IK channels were also demonstrated by electrophysiological recording of single KCa channels with distinctive features. Both, IK and BKCa channels were found to be simultaneously active in individual GCs. In agreement with functional data, we identified mRNAs encoding IK, SK1, SK2 and SK3 in human GCs and proteins of IK and SK2 in corresponding human ovarian cells. Molecular characterization of the BKCa channel revealed the presence of mRNAs encoding several BKCa beta-subunits (beta2, beta3, beta4 in human GCs. The multitude of beta-subunits detected might contribute to variations in Ca2+ dependence of individual BKCa channels which we observed in electrophysiological recordings. Conclusion Functional and molecular studies indicate the presence of active IK and SK

The potent activation of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) current by NVP-AUY922 in the human pancreatic duct cell line (PANC-1) possibly independent of heat shock protein 90 inhibition.

Science.gov (United States)

Chiang, Nai-Jung; Wu, Sheng-Nan; Chen, Li-Tzong

2015-04-01

NVP-AUY922 (AUY) is a potent inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Whether this compound can exert additional effects on membrane ion channels remains elusive. We investigated the effect of AUY on ion currents in human pancreatic duct epithelial cells (PDECs), including PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2. AUY increased the amplitude of the K(+) current (IK) in PANC-1 cells shown by whole-cell configuration. Single-channel recordings revealed a large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BKCa) channel in PANC-1, but not in MIA PaCa-2. In cell-attached mode, AUY increased the probability of BKCa channel opening and also potentiated the activity of stretch-induced channels. However, other HSP inhibitors, 17-AAG or BIIB021 only slightly increased the activity of BKCa channels. In inside-out recordings, sodium hydrosulphide or caffeic acid phenethyl ester increased the activity of BKCa channels, but AUY did not. We further evaluated whether conductance of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (IK(Ca)) influenced secretion of HCO3(-) and fluid in PDECs by using a modified Whitcomb-Ermentrout model. Simulation studies showed that an increase in IK(Ca) resulted in additional secretion of HCO3(-) and fluid by mimicking the effect of AUY in PDECs. Collectively, AUY can interact with the BKCa channel to largely increase IK(Ca) in PDECs. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Pharmacological modulations of cardiac ultra-rapid and slowly activating delayed rectifier currents: potential antiarrhythmic approaches.

Science.gov (United States)

Islam, Mohammed A

2010-01-01

Despite the emerging new insights into our understandings of the cellular mechanisms underlying cardiac arrhythmia, medical therapy for this disease remains unsatisfactory. Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most prevalent arrhythmia, is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. On the other hand, ventricular fibrillation results in sudden cardiac deaths in many instances. Prolongation of cardiac action potential (AP) is a proven principle of antiarrhythmic therapy. Class III antiarrhythmic agents prolong AP and QT interval by blocking rapidly activating delayed rectifier current (I(Kr)). However, I(Kr) blocking drugs carry the risk of life-threatening proarrhythmia. Recently, modulation of atrial-selective ultra-rapid delayed rectifier current (I(Kur)), has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach to treat AF. A number of I(Kur) blockers are being evaluated for the treatment of AF. The inhibition of slowly activating delayed rectifier current (I(Ks)) has also been proposed as an effective and safer antiarrhythmic approach because of its distinguishing characteristics that differ in remarkable ways from other selective class III agents. Selective I(Ks) block may prolong AP duration (APD) at rapid rates without leading to proarrhythmia. This article reviews the pathophysiological roles of I(Kur) and I(Ks) in cardiac repolarization and the implications of newly developed I(Kur) and I(Ks) blocking agents as promising antiarrhythmic approaches. Several recent patents pertinent to antiarrhythmic drug development have been discussed. Further research will be required to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these agents in the clinical setting.

Uso do índice de Kotelchuck modificado na avaliação da assistência pré-natal e sua relação com as características maternas e o peso do recém-nascido no Município do Rio de Janeiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leal Maria do Carmo

2004-01-01

Full Text Available O índice de Kotelchuck (IK foi modificado e utilizado para avaliar a assistência pré-natal prestada no Município do Rio de Janeiro - Brasil, em uma amostra de 9920 puérperas de parto único. Regressões multivariadas logística ordinal (RMLO e linear (RML foram utilizadas para estimar a importância de fatores demográficos, psicossociais e obstétricos no IK modificado e seus efeitos no peso ao nascer (PN, respectivamente. Apenas 38,5% das parturientes do Município do Rio de Janeiro foram classificadas como de cuidado pré-natal adequado ou intensivo. Após ajustamento por outros preditores, mantiveram-se como variáveis explicativas do IK: o nível de instrução, viver com o pai do RN, tentar abortar, diabetes, satisfação com a gravidez, cor da pele, paridade, idade e local de residência. O PN associou-se com o IK modificado, mesmo após o controle de variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais e biológicas. A utilização adequada da assistência pré-natal no Município do Rio de Janeiro contribuiu na prevenção do PN e as mães que menos utilizaram os serviços pré-natais têm piores condições socioeducacionais, de apoio familiar e de risco obstétrico.

Bridging the Scientific and Indigenous Communities to Study Sea Ice Change in Arctic Alaska

Science.gov (United States)

Mahoney, A. R.; Zappa, C. J.; Betcher, S. R.; Hauser, D.; Whiting, A.; Goodwin, J.; Harris, C.; Schaefer, B.; Schaefer, R.

2017-12-01

Ikaavik Sikukuun (Ice Bridges) is a newly-launched research partnership in Kotzebue, Alaska, that adopts an end-to-end community-based approach to study fundamental processes underlying the mechanisms and impacts of the changing sea ice in coastal Alaska. Under guidance from a local advisory council, we will use state-of-the-art observing techniques including long-range unmanned aerial systems (UAS) to study under-observed sea ice regions during critical periods of marine mammal migration, molting and reproduction. Here, we describe what, to the best of our knowledge, is a precedent-setting approach to co-creating research questions and hypotheses that integrate indigenous knowledge (IK) and interdisciplinary scientific methods. A key element of this approach is that we established an advisory committee of local IK holders before defining specific research questions. This has enabled us to iteratively develop hypotheses that incorporate IK and respond to the research needs of the local community while also addressing key geophysical and ecological questions related to changes in the seasonal ice zone. The advisory committee will be key participants in the project team, ensuring that IK is incorporated into the design of the observing plan and the synthesis and dissemination of findings. In addition to building bridges between the scientific community and indigenous residents of Kotzebue, the legacy of our project will include a video documentary that will allow us to share the story of this partnership and our findings with a broad audience.

Dicty_cDB: SSL592 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available SS (Link to library) SSL592 (Link to dictyBase) - - - Contig-U14332-1 SSL592E (Link... to Original site) - - - - - - SSL592E 244 Show SSL592 Library SS (Link to library) Clone ID SSL592 (Link to dict...yBase) Atlas ID - NBRP ID - dictyBase ID - Link to Contig Contig-U14332-1 Original site URL http://dict...ence niyi*IYMFLTLIHLWTSKNTVIIFICTLNGI*ik*nnvkniyi*iyn*kkkkkklkn*h lvdlnktv*lyk*kkliy*k Translated Amino Acid...kqncitl*ikkinllkk Frame C: niyi*IYMFLTLIHLWTSKNTVIIFICTLNGI*ik*nnvkniyi*iyn*kkkkkklkn*h lvdlnktv*lyk*kkliy*k

Acceleration of Regeneration of Large-Gap Peripheral Nerve Injuries Using Acellular Nerve Allografts Plus Amniotic Fluid Derived Stem Cells (AFS)

Science.gov (United States)

2017-09-01

repair in the upper extremity using processed nerve allograft. J Hand Surg Am 2012 Nov;37(11):2340-9. (9) Joo S, Ko IK, Atala A, Yoo JJ , Lee SJ. Amniotic...nerve grafts implanted with autologous mesenchymal stem cells.Exp Neurol. 2007 Apr;204(2):658-66. (18) Kim BS, Chun SY, Atala A, Soker S, Yoo JJ , Kwon TG...wounds. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2012 ;1(11):792-802 4. Joo S, Ko IK, Atala A, Yoo JJ , Lee SJ. Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells in regenerative

A Digital Indigenous Knowledge Preservation Framework

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Maasz, Donovan; Winschiers-Theophilus, Heike; Stanley, Colin

2018-01-01

Indigenous Knowledge (IK) preservation and management has been taken up as a serious endeavor by various governments who have realized the value of IK as well as the opportunities given by emerging technologies. Considering the various phases and activities of indigenous knowledge management which...... the indigenous knowledge digitization process, namely, codesign, conceptualization, collection, correction, curation, circulation, and creation of knowledge. We exemplify the application of the model with technologies currently developed under an indigenous knowledge holder’s toolkit promoting the agency...... of digitalizing indigenous knowledge across the phases....

Endophytic colonization of tomato plants by the biological control agent Clonostachys rosea

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Høyer, Anna Kaja; Jørgensen, Hans Jørgen Lyngs; Amby, Daniel Buchvaldt

Fungal endophytes live naturally inside plants without causing symptoms. On the contrary, they can promote plant growth and increase tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress. These beneficial effects have increased the agricultural interest for exploitation of fungal isolates with an endophytic life...... controls seed- and soil-borne diseases and can furthermore promote plant growth. However, it is not known whether IK726 can colonize plants internally and therefore, the objective of the present study was to examine the possibility of an endophytic life-style of IK726 in tomato. Tomato seeds were sown...

Co-production of knowledge: An Inuit Indigenous Knowledge perspective

Science.gov (United States)

Daniel, R.; Behe, C.

2017-12-01

A "co-production of knowledge" approach brings together different knowledge systems while building equitable and collaborative partnerships from `different ways of knowing.' Inuit Indigenous Knowledge is a systematic way of thinking applied to phenomena across biological, physical, cultural and spiritual systems; rooted with a holistic understanding of ecosystems (ICC Alaska 2016). A holistic image of Arctic environmental change is attained by bringing Indigenous Knowledge (IK) holders and scientists together through a co-production of knowledge framework. Experts from IK and science should be involved together from the inception of a project. IK should be respected as its own knowledge system and should not be translated into science. A co-production of knowledge approach is important in developing adaptation policies and practices, for sustainability and to address biodiversity conservation (Daniel et al. 2016). Co-production of knowledge is increasingly being recognized by the scientific community at-large. However, in many instances the concept is being incorrectly applied. This talk will build on the important components of co-production of knowledge from an Inuit perspective and specifically IK. In this presentation we will differentiate the co-production of knowledge from a multi-disciplinary approach or multi-evidence based decision-making. We underscore the role and value of different knowledge systems with different methodologies and the need for collaborative approaches in identifying research questions. We will also provide examples from our experiences with Indigenous communities and scientists in the Arctic. References: Inuit Circumpolar Council of Alaska. 2016. Alaskan Inuit Food Security Conceptual Framework: How to Assess the Arctic From An Inuit Perspective, 201pp. Daniel, R., C. Behe, J. Raymond-Yakoubian, E. Krummel, and S. Gearhead. Arctic Observing Summit White Paper Synthesis, Theme 6: Interfacing Indigenous Knowledge, Community

A novel chemosynthetic peptide with ß-sheet motif efficiently kills Klebsiella pneumoniae in a mouse model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tan S

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Shirui Tan,1,2,* Changpei Gan,1,3,* Rongpeng Li,1 Yan Ye,1 Shuang Zhang,1,3 Xu Wu,1 Yi Yan Yang,4 Weimin Fan,5 Min Wu11Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA; 2Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 3State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 4Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The Nanos, Singapore; 5Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp is one of the most common pathogens in nosocomial infections and is increasingly becoming multiple drug resistant. However, the molecular pathogenesis of Kp in causing tissue injury and dysregulated host defense remains elusive, further dampening the development of novel therapeutic measures. We have previously screened a series of synthetic antimicrobial beta-sheet forming peptides and identified a peptide (IRIKIRIK; ie, IK8L with a broad range of bactericidal activity and low cytotoxicity in vitro. Here, employing an animal model, we investigated the antibacterial effects of IK8L in acute infection and demonstrated that peritoneal injection of IK8L to mice down-regulated inflammatory cytokines, alleviated lung injury, and importantly, decreased mortality compared to sham-injected controls. In addition, a math model was used to evaluate in vivo imaging data and predict infection progression in infected live animals. Mechanistically, IK8L can kill Kp by inhibiting biofilm formation and modulating production of inflammatory cytokines through the STAT3/JAK signaling both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these findings reveal that IK8L may have potential for

Vaikne käik / Maria Abakumova

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Abakumova, Maria

2013-01-01

Kuidas luua linna jalakäijate ala, nii et see kogu linnale suuremas plaanis kasu tooks. Näiteid õnnestunud ja ebaõnnestunud jalakäijate aladest: Strøget'i peatänav Kopenhaagenis, Kalamazoo Mall Michiganis ja Trafalgari väljak Londonis

Regularities in the Changes of Absorber Material Properties as a Function of Absorber Concentration; Regularite des Variations des Proprietes des Substances Absorbantes en Fonction de la Concentration de l'Absorbant; Zakonomernosti izmeneniya svojstv poglashchayushchikh materialov v zavisimosti ot kontsentratsii poglotitelya; Leyes de Variacion de las Propiedades de los Materiales Absorbentes en Funcion de la Concentracion del Absorbente

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Portnoj, K. I.

1964-06-15

pouvoir absorbant, en tant que fonction de la concentration de l'absorbant, varie d'apres une courbe caracteristique d'un phenomene de saturation et depend du spectre de neutrons. L'auteur formule une hypothese sur l'obtention du pouvoir absorbant maximum grace a la combinaison de plusieurs absorbants. Cette hypothese a ete largement confirmee par des experiences effectuees, dans des reacteurs a neutrons thermiques et intermediaires, sur de nombreuses combinaisons d'absorbants metalliques ou non. (author) [Spanish] En esta memoria se exponen las leyes que rigen las variaciones de las propiedades mecanicas y termofisicas y del poder de absorcion, en funcion de la concentracion del absorbente, en aleaciones destinadas a los reactores de neutrones termicos e intermedios. La conductividad y el coeficiente de dilatacion termica de las aleaciones absorbentes a base de boro y oxidos de las tierras raras se reducen al aumentar dicha concentracion. En el caso de las aleaciones con oxidos de las tierras raras, la variacion del coeficiente de dilatacion es lineal, mientras que para las alea,- ciones de boro esa caracteristica aditiva se altera. Ello se debe a que a temperaturas elevadas se forman fases de boruro con distintas redes cristalinas. En cuanto al poder absorbente, varia segun una curva de saturacion y depende tambien del espectro neutronico. El autor propone una hipotesis para explicar la aparicion de un maximo en la curva del poder absorbente, que atribuye a un fenomeno de interaleacion de los absorbentes. Esta hipotesis ha sido confirmada ampliamente por los resultados de experimentos efectuados con muchos sistemas absorbentes metalicos y no metalicos, de variada composicion, en reactores de neutrones termicos e intermedios. (author) [Russian] Doklad stavit cel'ju izlozhit' poluchennye zakonomernosti izmenenija mehanicheskih i teplofizicheskih svojstv, a takzhe pogloshhajushhej sposobnosti v zavisimosti ot koncentracii poglotitelej v sp lav a h , prednaznachennyh dlja

Independent center, independent electron approximation for dynamics of molecules and clusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McGuire, J.H.; Straton, J.C.; Wang, J.; Wang, Y.D.; Weaver, O.L.; Corchs, S.E.; Rivarola, R.D.

1996-01-01

A formalism is developed for evaluating probabilities and cross sections for multiple-electron transitions in scattering of molecules and clusters by charged collision partners. First, the molecule is divided into subclusters each made up of identical centers (atoms). Within each subcluster coherent scattering from identical centers may lead to observable phase terms and a geometrical structure factor. Then, using a mean field approximation to describe the interactions between centers we obtain A I ∼ summation k product ke iδ k I A Ik . Second, the independent electron approximation for each center may be obtained by neglecting the correlation between electrons in each center. The probability amplitude for each center is then a product of single electron transition probability amplitudes, a Ik i , i.e. A Ik ≅ product iaik i . Finally, the independent subcluster approximation is introduced by neglecting the interactions between different subclusters in the molecule or cluster. The total probability amplitude then reduces to a simple product of amplitudes for each subcluster, A≅ product IAI . Limitations of this simple approximation are discussed. copyright 1996 American Institute of Physics

Regularities of radiation defects build up on oxide materials surface; Zakonomernosti nakopleniya radiatsionnykh defektov na poverkhnosti oksidnykh materialov

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bitenbaev, M I; Polyakov, A I [Fiziko-Tekhnicheskij Inst., Almaty (Kazakhstan); Tuseev, T [Inst. Yadernoj Fiziki, Almaty (Kazakhstan)

2005-07-01

Analysis of experimental data by radiation defects study on different oxide elements (silicon, beryllium, aluminium, rare earth elements) irradiated by the photo-, gamma-, neutron-, alpha- radiation, protons and helium ions show, that gas adsorption process on the surface centers and radiation defects build up in metal oxide correlated between themselves. These processes were described by the equivalent kinetic equations for analysis of radiation defects build up in the different metal oxides. It was revealed in the result of the analysis: number of radiation defects are droningly increasing up to limit value with the treatment temperature growth. Constant of radicals death at ionizing radiation increases as well. Amount of surface defects in different oxides defining absorbing activity of these materials looks as: silicon oxide{yields}beryllium oxide{yields}aluminium oxide. So it was found, that most optimal material for absorbing system preparation is silicon oxide by it power intensity and berylium oxide by it adsorption efficiency.

Inhibition of the cardiac inward rectifier potassium currents by KB-R7943.

Science.gov (United States)

Abramochkin, Denis V; Alekseeva, Eugenia I; Vornanen, Matti

2013-09-01

KB-R7943 (2-[2-[4-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl]isothiourea) was developed as a specific inhibitor of the sarcolemmal sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) with potential experimental and therapeutic use. However, KB-R7943 is shown to be a potent blocker of several ion currents including inward and delayed rectifier K(+) currents of cardiomyocytes. To further characterize KB-R7943 as a blocker of the cardiac inward rectifiers we compared KB-R7943 sensitivity of the background inward rectifier (IK1) and the carbacholine-induced inward rectifier (IKACh) currents in mammalian (Rattus norvegicus; rat) and fish (Carassius carassius; crucian carp) cardiac myocytes. The basal IK1 of ventricular myocytes was blocked with apparent IC50-values of 4.6×10(-6) M and 3.5×10(-6) M for rat and fish, respectively. IKACh was almost an order of magnitude more sensitive to KB-R7943 than IK1 with IC50-values of 6.2×10(-7) M for rat and 2.5×10(-7) M for fish. The fish cardiac NCX current was half-maximally blocked at the concentration of 1.9-3×10(-6) M in both forward and reversed mode of operation. Thus, the sensitivity of three cardiac currents to KB-R7943 block increases in the order IK1~INCXrectifier potassium currents, in particular IKACh, should be taken into account when interpreting the data with this inhibitor from in vivo and in vitro experiments in both mammalian and fish models. © 2013.

Adrenaline reveals the torsadogenic effect of combined blockade of potassium channels in anaesthetized guinea pigs.

Science.gov (United States)

Michael, G; Kane, K A; Coker, S J

2008-08-01

Torsade de pointes (TdP) can be induced in several species by a reduction in cardiac repolarizing capacity. The aim of this study was to assess whether combined I(Kr) and I(Ks) blockade could induce TdP in anaesthetized guinea pigs and whether short-term variability (STV) or triangulation of action potentials could predict TdP. Experiments were performed in open-chest, pentobarbital-anaesthetized, adrenaline-stimulated male Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs, which received three consecutive i.v. infusions of either vehicle, the I(Kr) blocker E-4031 (3, 10 and 30 nmol kg(-1) min(-1)), the I(Ks) blocker HMR1556 (75, 250, 750 nmol kg(-1) min(-1)) or E-4031 and HMR1556 combined. Phenylephrine-stimulated guinea pigs were also treated with the K(+) channel blockers in combination. Arterial blood pressure, ECGs and epicardial monophasic action potential (MAP) were recorded. TdP was observed in 75% of adrenaline-stimulated guinea pigs given the K(+) channel blockers in combination, but was not observed in guinea pigs treated with either I(K) blocker alone, or in phenylephrine-stimulated guinea pigs. Salvos and ventricular tachycardia occurred with adrenaline but not with phenylephrine. No changes in STV or triangulation of the MAP signals were observed before TdP. Combined blockade of both I(Kr) and I(Ks) plus the addition of adrenaline were required to induce TdP in anaesthetized guinea pigs. This suggests that there must be sufficient depletion of repolarization reserve and an appropriate trigger for TdP to occur.

ORIGIN OF THE GALACTIC DIFFUSE X-RAY EMISSION: IRON K-SHELL LINE DIAGNOSTICS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nobukawa, Masayoshi [Department of Teacher Training and School Education, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara, 630-8528 (Japan); Uchiyama, Hideki [Faculty of Education, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529 (Japan); Nobukawa, Kumiko K.; Koyama, Katsuji [Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 (Japan); Yamauchi, Shigeo, E-mail: nobukawa@nara-edu.ac.jp [Department of Physics, Nara Women’s University, Kitauoyanishimachi, Nara, 630-8506 (Japan)

2016-12-20

This paper reports detailed K-shell line profiles of iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) of the Galactic Center X-ray Emission (GCXE), Galactic Bulge X-ray Emission (GBXE), Galactic Ridge X-ray Emission (GRXE), magnetic Cataclysmic Variables (mCVs), non-magnetic Cataclysmic Variables (non-mCVs), and coronally Active Binaries (ABs). For the study of the origin of the GCXE, GBXE, and GRXE, the spectral analysis is focused on equivalent widths of the Fe i-K α , Fe xxv-He α , and Fe xxvi-Ly α  lines. The global spectrum of the GBXE is reproduced by a combination of the mCVs, non-mCVs, and ABs spectra. On the other hand, the GRXE spectrum shows significant data excesses at the Fe i-K α and Fe xxv-He α  line energies. This means that additional components other than mCVs, non-mCVs, and ABs are required, which have symbiotic phenomena of cold gas and very high-temperature plasma. The GCXE spectrum shows larger excesses than those found in the GRXE spectrum at all the K-shell lines of iron and nickel. Among them the largest ones are the Fe i-K α , Fe xxv-He α , Fe xxvi-Ly α , and Fe xxvi-Ly β  lines. Together with the fact that the scale heights of the Fe i-K α , Fe xxv-He α , and Fe xxvi-Ly α lines are similar to that of the central molecular zone (CMZ), the excess components would be related to high-energy activity in the extreme envelopment of the CMZ.

Kırgız Atasözlerinin Cümle Yapısı Üzerinde Bazı Gözlemler Some Observations On The Sentence Structures of The Kirghiz Proverbs

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Mevlüt GÜLTEKİN

2013-03-01

�alışmamızda, çoğunu, Kırgızistan’da yayımlanmış Bir Miñ Kırgız Eliniñ Makal-Lakaptarı (BM adlı eserle Türkiye’de çıkmış Kırgız Atasözleri (KA adlı iki çalışmadan aldığımız, 97 Kırgız atasözünü cümle yapıları bakımından gözden geçireceğiz. Kalıplaşmış ifade biçimlerinden biri olan Kırgız atasözlerini, cümle yapıları itibarıyla, 1. Basit, 2. Birleşik, a. sıralı, b. girişik, c. şart, ç. iç içe birleşik ve 3. Karmaşık cümle yapısındaki atasözleri olarak tasnif etmek suretiyle inceleyeceğiz. Basit cümle yapısındaki atasözleri (1-101, anlamca bildirme ve emir cümlesi yapısındakiler olmak üzere ikiye ayrılarak gözden geçireceğiz. Sıralı cümle yapısındaki atasözlerini (11-25 ise, dizilişlerine göre, kurallı ve devrik yapıda olanlar olarak inceleyeceğiz. Şartlı birleşik cümle yapısındaki atasözlerini (26-44 de, zarf tümleci, özne, nesne, yer tamlayıcısı vb. işlevli olanlar biçiminde gözden geçireceğiz. İç içe birleşik cümle yapısındaki atasözlerini (45-55 ise, nesne işlevi gören ve degen sıfat-fiilinin önünde gelip vasıflayıcı olarak kullanılanlar diye ikiye ayırarak ele alacağız. Girişik cümle yapısındaki atasözlerini (58-78 ise, A. isim-fiillerle, B. sıfat-fiillerle, C. zarf-fiillerle kurulan girişik birleşik cümle yapısına sahip atasözleri olarak inceleyecek ve bu fiil gruplarının katıldığı birleşik cümlelerdeki işlevlerine de işaret edeceğiz. İçerdiği temel cümlelerden en az birisi girişik cümlecik veya şart cümleciği yapısındaki iki ya da daha fazla sıralı cümleden veya şartlı birleşik cümleden meydana gelen karmaşık cümle yapısındaki atasözlerini (79-97 ise, makalenin sonunda gözden geçireceğiz.

Musiikkipedagogi - yhteyden luoja : musiikkipedagogi taide- ja kulttuuritoiminnan kehittäjänä muistisairaiden hoivayhteisössä

OpenAIRE

Lamppu, Minna

2014-01-01

Maapallon väestö ikääntyy ja sillä on merkittäviä sosiaalisia sekä taloudellisia vaikutuksia. Muistisairaudet lisääntyvät, ja Suomessa ne luokitellaan jo kansantaudiksi. Muistisairaudet eivät kosketa pelkästään vanhuksia, vaan myös työikäisiä. Tähän ongelmaan voisi löytyä helpotusta kulttuuri- ja taidetoiminnasta, jolla on tutkitusti lukuisia hyvinvointivaikutuksia. Nopeasti muuttuvan yhteiskunnan kehitys ja sen alati kiihtyvä tahti vaativat työntekijöiltä vahvaa ammattitaitoa. Myös musiikkip...

Einfluss von Informationskompetenz-Veranstaltungen auf die Qualität von Masterarbeiten

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gary Seitz

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Am Geographischen Institut der Universität Zürich haben die Studierenden, welche als erster Jahrgang die IK-Veranstaltung als Pflichtmodul absolvierten, ihre Masterarbeit abgeschlossen. Mit einer quantitativen Auswertung wird untersucht, ob sich die Qualität der Quellen in den Masterarbeiten verbessert hat. Dazu werden die Literaturverzeichnisse einer bibliometrischen Analyse unterzogen. Anschliessend werden die erhaltenen Werte mit denjenigen verglichen, welche von Arbeiten ohne IK-Schulung erhoben wurden. Diese Methodik könnte ein Werkzeug darstellen, um Informationskompetenz-Veranstaltungen bezüglich ihrer Relevanz für wissenschaftliches Arbeiten evaluieren zu können.

木材切削における被削材面に現れる節の切削に関する基礎的研究-2 : 木材の三次元縦切削における切削力の変化に及ぼす被削材面に現れる丸小節の影響

OpenAIRE

杉山, 滋

1991-01-01

In the wood cutting process with a knife equipped with a chip breaker for making the smooth workpiece-surface, it is important to obtain the optimum conditions of sharpness angle of the chip breaker (βB), the distance between the knife edge and the chip breaker edge (ℓK-B) and the inclination angle of the knife (ik) and to investigate the changes of the cutting-force components acting on the face of a knife equipped with a chip braker with βB, ℓK-B, ik, the grain angle of the workpiece (φ1) a...

Hubungan Kadar Vitamin C Plasma dengan Serangan Asma pada Anak

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Azwar Aruf

2016-11-01

Hasil. Karakteristik subyek, antara lain umur, jenis kelamin, riwayat kontak hewan peliharaan, riwayat kontak tungau debu rumah, perokok pasif, alergi makanan, infeksi saluran pernapasan, kadar vitamin C plasma. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji kemaknaan (nilai p<0,05, dan rasio Odds. Kadar vitamin C plasma kelompok asma dalam serangan dan tidak dalam serangan tidak berbeda bermakna dengan nilai p=0,77 dan rasio Odds 1,18 (IK95%: 0,32;3,64. Infeksi pernapasan merupakan faktor risiko serangan asma yang bermakna dengan nilai p=0,006 dan rasio Odds 3,6 (IK 95% 1,41;9,19.

Diet-induced obesity impairs endothelium-derived hyperpolarization via altered potassium channel signaling mechanisms.

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Rebecca E Haddock

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: The vascular endothelium plays a critical role in the control of blood flow. Altered endothelium-mediated vasodilator and vasoconstrictor mechanisms underlie key aspects of cardiovascular disease, including those in obesity. Whilst the mechanism of nitric oxide (NO-mediated vasodilation has been extensively studied in obesity, little is known about the impact of obesity on vasodilation to the endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH mechanism; which predominates in smaller resistance vessels and is characterized in this study. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Membrane potential, vessel diameter and luminal pressure were recorded in 4(th order mesenteric arteries with pressure-induced myogenic tone, in control and diet-induced obese rats. Obesity, reflecting that of human dietary etiology, was induced with a cafeteria-style diet (∼30 kJ, fat over 16-20 weeks. Age and sexed matched controls received standard chow (∼12 kJ, fat. Channel protein distribution, expression and vessel morphology were determined using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and ultrastructural techniques. In control and obese rat vessels, acetylcholine-mediated EDH was abolished by small and intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (SK(Ca/IK(Ca inhibition; with such activity being impaired in obesity. SK(Ca-IK(Ca activation with cyclohexyl-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl]-amine (CyPPA and 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone (1-EBIO, respectively, hyperpolarized and relaxed vessels from control and obese rats. IK(Ca-mediated EDH contribution was increased in obesity, and associated with altered IK(Ca distribution and elevated expression. In contrast, the SK(Ca-dependent-EDH component was reduced in obesity. Inward-rectifying potassium channel (K(ir and Na(+/K(+-ATPase inhibition by barium/ouabain, respectively, attenuated and abolished EDH in arteries from control and obese rats, respectively; reflecting differential K

Integrating clinicians, knowledge and data: expert-based cooperative analysis in healthcare decision support.

Science.gov (United States)

Gibert, Karina; García-Alonso, Carlos; Salvador-Carulla, Luis

2010-09-30

Decision support in health systems is a highly difficult task, due to the inherent complexity of the process and structures involved. This paper introduces a new hybrid methodology Expert-based Cooperative Analysis (EbCA), which incorporates explicit prior expert knowledge in data analysis methods, and elicits implicit or tacit expert knowledge (IK) to improve decision support in healthcare systems. EbCA has been applied to two different case studies, showing its usability and versatility: 1) Bench-marking of small mental health areas based on technical efficiency estimated by EbCA-Data Envelopment Analysis (EbCA-DEA), and 2) Case-mix of schizophrenia based on functional dependency using Clustering Based on Rules (ClBR). In both cases comparisons towards classical procedures using qualitative explicit prior knowledge were made. Bayesian predictive validity measures were used for comparison with expert panels results. Overall agreement was tested by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient in case "1" and kappa in both cases. EbCA is a new methodology composed by 6 steps:. 1) Data collection and data preparation; 2) acquisition of "Prior Expert Knowledge" (PEK) and design of the "Prior Knowledge Base" (PKB); 3) PKB-guided analysis; 4) support-interpretation tools to evaluate results and detect inconsistencies (here Implicit Knowledg -IK- might be elicited); 5) incorporation of elicited IK in PKB and repeat till a satisfactory solution; 6) post-processing results for decision support. EbCA has been useful for incorporating PEK in two different analysis methods (DEA and Clustering), applied respectively to assess technical efficiency of small mental health areas and for case-mix of schizophrenia based on functional dependency. Differences in results obtained with classical approaches were mainly related to the IK which could be elicited by using EbCA and had major implications for the decision making in both cases. This paper presents EbCA and shows the convenience of

Integrating clinicians, knowledge and data: expert-based cooperative analysis in healthcare decision support

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

García-Alonso Carlos

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Decision support in health systems is a highly difficult task, due to the inherent complexity of the process and structures involved. Method This paper introduces a new hybrid methodology Expert-based Cooperative Analysis (EbCA, which incorporates explicit prior expert knowledge in data analysis methods, and elicits implicit or tacit expert knowledge (IK to improve decision support in healthcare systems. EbCA has been applied to two different case studies, showing its usability and versatility: 1 Bench-marking of small mental health areas based on technical efficiency estimated by EbCA-Data Envelopment Analysis (EbCA-DEA, and 2 Case-mix of schizophrenia based on functional dependency using Clustering Based on Rules (ClBR. In both cases comparisons towards classical procedures using qualitative explicit prior knowledge were made. Bayesian predictive validity measures were used for comparison with expert panels results. Overall agreement was tested by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient in case "1" and kappa in both cases. Results EbCA is a new methodology composed by 6 steps:. 1 Data collection and data preparation; 2 acquisition of "Prior Expert Knowledge" (PEK and design of the "Prior Knowledge Base" (PKB; 3 PKB-guided analysis; 4 support-interpretation tools to evaluate results and detect inconsistencies (here Implicit Knowledg -IK- might be elicited; 5 incorporation of elicited IK in PKB and repeat till a satisfactory solution; 6 post-processing results for decision support. EbCA has been useful for incorporating PEK in two different analysis methods (DEA and Clustering, applied respectively to assess technical efficiency of small mental health areas and for case-mix of schizophrenia based on functional dependency. Differences in results obtained with classical approaches were mainly related to the IK which could be elicited by using EbCA and had major implications for the decision making in both cases. Discussion This

Bütünleşik Tedarik Zinciri Ağında Tesis Yeri Seçimi için Bulanık Çok Amaçlı Programlama Modeli

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Hüseyin Ali Sarıkaya

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Geleneksel tedarik zinciri ağı tasarım problemleri genellikle tek amaçlı olarak ele alınmıştır. Ancak, tedarik zincirleri gerçek hayatta birbirleri ile çelişen amaçları olan organizasyonların meydana getirdiği karmaşık ağlardır. Bu çalışmada, piyasa taleplerinin belirsiz olduğu bütünleşik bir tedarik zinciri ağındaki birden fazla ölçülemeyen amacı gerçekleştirmek için çok ürünlü, çok aşamalı ve çok dönemli planlama modeli önerilmiştir. Tedarik zinciri planlama modeli, birbiriyle çelişen birkaç amacı doyurmak için karışık tam sayılı doğrusal olmayan programlama problemi olarak bina edilmiştir. Önerilen model iki amaç fonksiyonundan oluşmaktadır. Birincisi, tedarik zincirindeki sabit tesis açma ve işletme maliyetleri ile mesafelere bağlı olarak belirlenen taşıma maliyetlerinin en azlanmasıdır. İkincisi, Ekonomik Üretim Miktarı (EÜM modeline göre satın alma, sipariş verme, stok bulundurma ve yok satma maliyetlerinin en azlanmasıdır. Önerilen modelde, karar vericilerin kesin olmayan hedef değerlerini dahil edebilmek için bulanık hedef programlama yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Model, GAMS optimizasyon programı kullanılarak çözülmüştür. Çalışmada sunulan uygulama sonuçları, bulanık modelleme ve çözüm yaklaşımlarının daha gerçekçi tedarik zinciri modelleri oluşturulmasında kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Valsartan Upregulates Kir2.1 in Rats Suffering from Myocardial Infarction via Casein Kinase 2.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xinran; Hu, Hesheng; Wang, Ye; Xue, Mei; Li, Xiaolu; Cheng, Wenjuan; Xuan, Yongli; Yin, Jie; Yang, Na; Yan, Suhua

2015-06-01

Myocardial infarction (MI) results in an increased susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias, due in part to decreased inward-rectifier K+ current (IK1), which is mediated primarily by the Kir2.1 protein. The use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system antagonists is associated with a reduced incidence of ventricular arrhythmias. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) binds and phosphorylates SP1, a transcription factor of KCNJ2 that encodes Kir2.1. Whether valsartan represses CK2 activation to ameliorate IK1 remodeling following MI remains unclear. Wistar rats suffering from MI received either valsartan or saline for 7 days. The protein levels of CK2 and Kir2.1 were each detected via a Western blot analysis. The mRNA levels of CK2 and Kir2.1 were each examined via quantitative real-time PCR. CK2 expression was higher at the infarct border; and was accompanied by a depressed IK1/Kir2.1 protein level. Additionally, CK2 overexpression suppressed KCNJ2/Kir2.1 expression. By contrast, CK2 inhibition enhanced KCNJ2/Kir2.1 expression, establishing that CK2 regulates KCNJ2 expression. Among the rats suffering from MI, valsartan reduced CK2 expression and increased Kir2.1 expression compared with the rats that received saline treatment. In vitro, hypoxia increased CK2 expression and valsartan inhibited CK2 expression. The over-expression of CK2 in cells treated with valsartan abrogated its beneficial effect on KCNJ2/Kir2.1. AT1 receptor antagonist valsartan reduces CK2 activation, increases Kir2.1 expression and thereby ameliorates IK1 remodeling after MI in the rat model.

The effect of four anaesthetic protocols for maintenance of anaesthesia on trans-diaphragmatic pressure in dogs.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kiriaki Pavlidou

Full Text Available The diaphragm is the main inspiratory muscle and the main indicator of diaphragmatic contractility is the trans-diaphragmatic pressure (Pdi. The aim of this clinical study was to determine the effect of four different anaesthetic protocols on Pdi in anaesthetized healthy dogs. Eighty client-owned dogs were recruited in this clinical study. All the animals received dexmedetomidine and morphine as premedication and propofol for induction. Anaesthesia was maintained with one of four protocols: isoflurane (I, isoflurane with CRI of propofol (IP, isoflurane with CRI of fentanyl (IF, and isoflurane with CRI of ketamine (IK. When the surgical plane of anaesthesia was achieved, two balloon catheters were inserted, one into the stomach and one into the mid-third of the oesophagus for Pdi measurement. Pdi value was the highest in groups I (14.9±4.7 mmHg and IK (15.2±3.5 mmHg and the lowest in groups IP (12.2±3.2 mmHg and IF (12.0±5.9 mmHg. There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.029 between groups IK and IF. PE'CO2 was statistically significantly higher (p<0.0005 in group IF (7.7±0.8 kPa than in group IK (6.5±0.7 kPa. Isoflurane alone or isoflurane with ketamine for the maintenance of anaesthesia seem to better preserve the respiratory function and the diaphragmatic contractility than isoflurane with either propofol or fentanyl in dogs. Therefore, the use of isoflurane or isoflurane with ketamine may be of benefit when animals with respiratory problems have to be anaesthetized.

Small and intermediate conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels confer distinctive patterns of distribution in human tissues and differential cellular localisation in the colon and corpus cavernosum.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Mao Xiang; Gorman, Shelby A; Benson, Bill; Singh, Kuljit; Hieble, J Paul; Michel, Martin C; Tate, Simon N; Trezise, Derek J

2004-06-01

The SK/IK family of small and intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channels contains four members, SK1, SK2, SK3 and IK1, and is important for the regulation of a variety of neuronal and non-neuronal functions. In this study we have analysed the distribution of these channels in human tissues and their cellular localisation in samples of colon and corpus cavernosum. SK1 mRNA was detected almost exclusively in neuronal tissues. SK2 mRNA distribution was restricted but more widespread than SK1, and was detected in adrenal gland, brain, prostate, bladder, liver and heart. SK3 mRNA was detected in almost every tissue examined. It was highly expressed in brain and in smooth muscle-rich tissues including the clitoris and the corpus cavernosum, and expression in the corpus cavernosum was upregulated up to 5-fold in patients undergoing sex-change operations. IK1 mRNA was present in surface-rich, secretory and inflammatory cell-rich tissues, highest in the trachea, prostate, placenta and salivary glands. In detailed immunohistochemical studies of the colon and the corpus cavernosum, SK1-like immunoreactivity was observed in the enteric neurons. SK3-like immunoreactivity was observed strongly in smooth muscle and vascular endothelium. IK1-like immunoreactivity was mainly observed in inflammatory cells and enteric neurons of the colon, but absent in corpus cavernosum. These distinctive patterns of distribution suggest that these channels are likely to have different biological functions and could be specifically targeted for a number of human diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome, hypertension and erectile dysfunction.

Role of action potential configuration and the contribution of C²⁺a and K⁺ currents to isoprenaline-induced changes in canine ventricular cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Szentandrássy, N; Farkas, V; Bárándi, L; Hegyi, B; Ruzsnavszky, F; Horváth, B; Bányász, T; Magyar, J; Márton, I; Nánási, P P

2012-10-01

Although isoprenaline (ISO) is known to activate several ion currents in mammalian myocardium, little is known about the role of action potential morphology in the ISO-induced changes in ion currents. Therefore, the effects of ISO on action potential configuration, L-type Ca²⁺ current (I(Ca)), slow delayed rectifier K⁺ current (I(Ks)) and fast delayed rectifier K⁺ current (I(Kr)) were studied and compared in a frequency-dependent manner using canine isolated ventricular myocytes from various transmural locations. Action potentials were recorded with conventional sharp microelectrodes; ion currents were measured using conventional and action potential voltage clamp techniques. In myocytes displaying a spike-and-dome action potential configuration (epicardial and midmyocardial cells), ISO caused reversible shortening of action potentials accompanied by elevation of the plateau. ISO-induced action potential shortening was absent in endocardial cells and in myocytes pretreated with 4-aminopyridine. Application of the I(Kr) blocker E-4031 failed to modify the ISO effect, while action potentials were lengthened by ISO in the presence of the I(Ks) blocker HMR-1556. Both action potential shortening and elevation of the plateau were prevented by pretreatment with the I(Ca) blocker nisoldipine. Action potential voltage clamp experiments revealed a prominent slowly inactivating I(Ca) followed by a rise in I(Ks) , both currents increased with increasing the cycle length. The effect of ISO in canine ventricular cells depends critically on action potential configuration, and the ISO-induced activation of I(Ks) - but not I(Kr) - may be responsible for the observed shortening of action potentials. © 2012 The Authors. British Journal of Pharmacology © 2012 The British Pharmacological Society.

Comparison of anti-inflammatory activity of extracts with supercritical carbon dioxide from radiation mutant perilla frutescens(L.) Britton and wild-type

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Han Chul; So, Yang Kang; Kim, Jin Baek; Jin, Chang Hyun [Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup (Korea, Republic of); Yuk, Hong Sun [Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2016-11-15

In previous study, the radiation mutant Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton with a higher anti-inflammatory activity was selected. The extracts were obtained from the mutant and wildtype using a supercritical carbon dioxide technique. This study aimed to compare the antiinflammatory activities between the mutant supercritical extract (MSE) and wild-type supercritical extract (WSE). The contents of isoegomaketone (IK) of MSE and WSE were measured through an HPLC analysis. MSE contained IK contents approximately 7-fold higher than those of WSE. To compare the anti-inflammatory activities of MSE and WSE, the expression levels of the mRNA and protein of pro-inflammatory mediators were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. As a result, MSE inhibited the expression levels of the mRNA and protein of pro-inflammatory mediators, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) to a much greater extent than did WSE. Taken together, MSE had more IK contents and higher antiinflammatory activities than WSE. Therefore, MSE is proposed based on its therapeutic potential in the prevention of inflammatory disease.

Calculation of effective impedance of polycrystals in weak magnetic fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaganova, I.M.

2006-01-01

We present results for the effective surface impedance tensor (EIT) of polycrystals of metals in a weak uniform magnetic field H. The frequency region corresponds to the region in which the local impedance boundary conditions are applicable. We suppose that the resistivity tensor ρ ik (H) of the single crystal grains out of which the polycrystal is composed, is known up to the terms of O(H 2 ). For polycrystals of metals of arbitrary symmetry, the elements of the EIT can be calculated to the same order in H, even if the tensor ρ ik (H) is strongly anisotropic. As examples, we write down the EIT of polycrystals of (i) cubic metals (ii) metals with ellipsoidal Fermi surfaces, and (iii) metals of tetragonal symmetry whose tensor ρ ik (0) is strongly anisotropic. Although polycrystals are metals that are isotropic on average, in the presence of a uniform magnetic field the structure of the EIT is not the same as the structure of the impedance tensor of an isotropic metal with a spherical Fermi surface. The results cannot be improved either by taking into account higher powers of H, or with respect to the anisotropy of the single crystal grains

Electric transport in 20 questions. The starting guide for businesses; Elektrisch vervoer in 20 vragen. De startgids voor bedrijven

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-07-15

This guide answers the 20 most important questions that entrepreneurs and businesses have about electric vehicles (EV), divided into seven main questions: What is it; Why should I go for it; Which electric vehicles are on the market; What are the costs; How and where can I recharge; How do I put EV into operation; What does the future looks like? The purpose of this guide is to provide a clear and reliable overview of the options for EV in order for entrepreneurs to ease the switch to electric vehicles [Dutch] Deze gids geeft antwoord op de 20 belangrijkste vragen die ondernemers en bedrijven hebben over elektrisch vervoer (EV), onderverdeeld in zeven hoofdvragen: Wat is het; Waarom zou ik er voor kiezen; Welke elektrische voertuigen zijn er op de markt; Wat zijn de kosten; Hoe en waar kan ik opladen; Hoe breng ik EV in de praktijk; Hoe ziet de toekomst eruit? Het doel van deze gids is om een helder en betrouwbaar overzicht te geven van de mogelijkheden van EV om daarmee de eventuele overstap naar een elektrisch voertuig voor ondernemers te vereenvoudigen.

Principle of space existence and De Sitter metric

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mal'tsev, V.K.

1990-01-01

The selection principle for the solutions of the Einstein equations suggested in a series of papers implies the existence of space (g ik ≠ 0) only in the presence of matter (T ik ≠0). This selection principle (principle of space existence, in the Markov terminology) implies, in the general case, the absence of the cosmological solution with the De Sitter metric. On the other hand, the De Sitter metric is necessary for describing both inflation and deflation periods of the Universe. It is shown that the De Sitter metric is also allowed by the selection principle under discussion if the metric experiences the evolution into the Friedmann metric

EKSENEL PİSTONLU POMPA VE MOTORLARDA KAYICI PAPUÇ PERFORMANS ARAŞTIRMASI-AKIŞ VE VİSKOZ GÜÇ KAYBI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Osman KURBAN

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, hidrostatik-hidrodinamik yatakların iyi bir uygulama alanı olan, eğik plakalı eksenel pistonlu pompa ve motorların performansı üzerinde etkili olan kayıcı pabuçlar incelenmiştir. Bununla ilgili olarak viskoz moment kayıpları, viskoz akışkan kaçağı ve güç kayıp denklemleri elde edilip, değişik çalışma ortamlarında bu karakteristik parametrelerin değişimi ve mukayesesi deneysel olarak incelenmiştir.

Dicty_cDB: VSD425 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available qkkikkmvpkdvekfd* k*fifniihilvi**hfpsfffkniysyifiqx*iiflknxxkkkkkkkfffxkk--- ---sakixxyiyrni*lffl*liiskili...s*kmvpkdv ekfd*k Frame C: kikkyiyrni*lffl*liiskilicldn*ikqqqrilcsh*eellldlfqlediikvmkn *ik*rnkiflmkelmk*sdkl

Adenosine A₂A receptors inhibit delayed rectifier potassium currents and cell differentiation in primary purified oligodendrocyte cultures.

Science.gov (United States)

Coppi, Elisabetta; Cellai, Lucrezia; Maraula, Giovanna; Pugliese, Anna Maria; Pedata, Felicita

2013-10-01

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are a population of cycling cells which persist in the adult central nervous system (CNS) where, under opportune stimuli, they differentiate into mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. Adenosine A(2A) receptors are Gs-coupled P1 purinergic receptors which are widely distributed throughout the CNS. It has been demonstrated that OPCs express A(2A) receptors, but their functional role in these cells remains elusive. Oligodendrocytes express distinct voltage-gated ion channels depending on their maturation. Here, by electrophysiological recordings coupled with immunocytochemical labeling, we studied the effects of adenosine A(2A) receptors on membrane currents and differentiation of purified primary OPCs isolated from the rat cortex. We found that the selective A(2A) agonist, CGS21680, inhibits sustained, delayed rectifier, K(+) currents (I(K)) without modifying transient (I(A)) conductances. The effect was observed in all cells tested, independently from time in culture. CGS21680 inhibition of I(K) current was concentration-dependent (10-200 nM) and blocked in the presence of the selective A(2A) antagonist SCH58261 (100 nM). It is known that I(K) currents play an important role during OPC development since their block decreases cell proliferation and differentiation. In light of these data, our further aim was to investigate whether A(2A) receptors modulate these processes. CGS21680, applied at 100 nM in the culture medium of oligodendrocyte cultures, inhibits OPC differentiation (an effect prevented by SCH58261) without affecting cell proliferation. Data demonstrate that cultured OPCs express functional A(2A) receptors whose activation negatively modulate I(K) currents. We propose that, by this mechanism, A(2A) adenosine receptors inhibit OPC differentiation. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Pregnant Women's Infant Oral Health Knowledge and Beliefs: Influence of Having Given Birth and of Having a Child in the Home.

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, Suzanne D; Quiñonez, Rocio B; Boggess, Kim; Phillips, Ceib

2016-06-01

Introduction Prenatal oral health interventions can positively impact maternal and child oral health, yet limited information exists concerning how to best educate pregnant women about infant oral health. Our objective was to examine the influence of having given birth on pregnant women's infant oral health knowledge and beliefs. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected from a cross-sectional survey of pregnant women ≥18 years old attending UNC's Ultrasound Clinic. Four binomial items were categorized as infant knowledge (IK) and five rated on a Likert scale (1-5) as infant belief (IB). Overall IK and IB scores were calculated, averaging the items within each construct. Respondents were categorized into two groups: multiparous (N = 268), women having at least one previous live birth and a child between 2 and 6 years old, or nulliparous (N = 186), women with no previous live births or a child between 2 and 6 years old. Regression models for IK and IB were conducted using SAS 9.2 with maternal demographic characteristics, dental utilization, and birth history as explanatory variables (p ≤ 0.05). Results IK was affected by race (p = 0.04), mother's oral health self-rating (p = 0.0002), and birth history (p birth, adjusting for explanatory variables. IB was influenced by maternal oral health beliefs (p = 0.002) and history of access to dental care (p = 0.0002). IB did not differ based on birth history (p = 0.17). Discussion The influence of birth history on pregnant women's infant oral health knowledge and beliefs can be considered in future intervention designs to maximize available resources.

Õhtumaa allakäik / Margit Tõnson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tõnson, Margit, 1978-

2010-01-01

Eestlaste kaasosalusel vändatud režissöör Chris Krausi filmist "Polli päevikud" (Saksa-Austria-Eesti 2010). Suurem osa "Polli päevikutest" filmiti 2009. a. suvel Pärnumaal Varbla vallas. Muusika autor Annette Focks

Algajate võidukäik / Krista Kaer

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaer, Krista

2003-01-01

2003. a. kandideerisid Bookeri auhinnale Monica Ali (romaan "Brick Lane"), Zoë Heller ("Märkmeid skandaali kohta"), Margaret Atwood ("Oryx ja Crake"), DBC Pierre (tegel. Peter Finlay, "Vernon God Little"), Damon Galgut ("Hea arst") ning Clare Morrall ("Hämmastavad värvilaigud"). Auhinna võitis DBC Pierre

( ) 100 dk sin cTk ikX

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Wave Propagation: Odd is Better, but Three is Best. 2. ... remember to write Ikl instead of just k in this factor. Further, k· R is just kX in .... D. In other words, the signal received at any point r lingers on for ..... The picture is unchanging!" "Come offit ...

Tervetuloa taiteilemaan! : Viriketuokio iäkkäille palvelukodin asukkaille

OpenAIRE

Sipola, Elisa

2014-01-01

Tämä opinnäytetyö on toteutettu osana Sonectus-hanketta, jonka tehtävänä on kehittää ja järjestää ikäihmisille erilaisia terveyttä ja hyvinvointia edistäviä palveluja. Raportti kertoo viriketuokiosta, joka järjestettiin erään palvelukodin iäkkäille asukkaille. Elämä laitosympäristössä voi olla hyvin tapahtumaköyhää. Arjesta puuttuu aktiviteetteja, jotka ylläpitäisivät ikääntyvän fyysistä, psyykkistä ja sosiaalista terveyttä. Tämän viriketuokion tarkoituksena oli antaa uusia ja merkityksellisi...

Vehicle Detection in Emplaced Sensor Fields: A User’s Guide to a Simulation Model and a Track-Identification Algorithm

Science.gov (United States)

1973-01-01

KCNOT NRTRUK* NRTJC , NBRTRK* NENI ) , NSIZ3 ,CHKA 100 5 NSNS 9 RETA , IWCNT , NSENSR, MSFNS 9 CSENS ,CHKA 110 NO, NB9 1 9 NTRAJC, LSTCNV9 WCAP, NqARAY...CELL COVI. 760 N aN + I COVI 770 If (N .GT. NENI ’, N a 1 CUVI 7RO 18(IK) 0 N COVI 790 c CDVI 791 C**** THIS SECTION T’STS TO SEE IF THIS NEW WINDOW NOW...TMELST9 TSHAR , UPW.\\j0 9 14 VALO 110 3 WL14TM, W0PTM , IK o 9EGTME, FINTME, NRGEN , VALn 120 4 NCNDT 9 NRTROK, NRTJC 9 NH4RTRK, NENI ) , NSIz3 ,VALO 130

Kangro-preemia laureaadid keskraamatukogus / Liina Valper

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Valper, Liina, 1941-

2004-01-01

Bernard Kangro kirjandusauhinna sai sel aastal kirjanik, kirjandusteadlane ja filosoofiadoktor Oskar Kruus monograafia "Bernard Kangro. Elukäik ja looming" eest, auhind anti üle Võrumaa Keskraamatukogus

Dicty_cDB: AFF372 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ll*tra*r clsfeilfrfpfpylfiresip*lsigfpnhl*kypfkik*kfnwlfrnyklsngis Frame C: tnntn...lsk*vwsklchfnplgq**wsk*yggfpsi*sst*igenrrippnst*snqm*ik itsf*rrh*nyqcryllfhryrsiegkrr*ihl*hlfpsgk*ntckyplgfg

SENP1 inhibition induces apoptosis and growth arrest of multiple myeloma cells through modulation of NF-κB signaling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xu, Jun [Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei (China); Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850 (China); Sun, Hui-Yan; Xiao, Feng-Jun; Wang, Hua [Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850 (China); Yang, Yang [Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Air Force, Beijing (China); Wang, Lu; Gao, Chun-Ji [Department of Hematology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing (China); Guo, Zi-Kuan [Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850 (China); Wu, Chu-Tse [Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850 (China); Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu (China); Wang, Li-Sheng, E-mail: Wangls@bmi.ac.cn [Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850 (China); Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu (China)

2015-05-01

SUMO/sentrin specific protease 1 (Senp1) is an important regulation protease in the protein sumoylation, which affects the cell cycle, proliferation and differentiation. The role of Senp1 mediated protein desumoylation in pathophysiological progression of multiple myeloma is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that Senp1 is overexpressed and induced by IL-6 in multiple myeloma cells. Lentivirus-mediated Senp1 knockdown triggers apoptosis and reduces viability, proliferation and colony forming ability of MM cells. The NF-κB family members including P65 and inhibitor protein IkBα play important roles in regulation of MM cell survival and proliferation. We further demonstrated that Senp1 inhibition decreased IL-6-induced P65 and IkBα phosphorylation, leading to inactivation of NF-kB signaling in MM cells. These results delineate a key role for Senp1in IL-6 induced proliferation and survival of MM cells, suggesting it may be a potential new therapeutic target in MM. - Highlights: • Senp1 is overexpressed and induced by IL-6 in multiple myeloma cells. • Senp1 knockdown triggers apoptosis and reduces proliferation of MM cells. • Senp1 inhibition decreased IL-6-induced P65 and IkBα phosphorylation.

A Closed Loop Inverse Kinematics Solver Intended for Offline Calculation Optimized with GA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emil Dale Bjoerlykhaug

2018-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a simple approach to building a robotic control system. Instead of a conventional control system which solves the inverse kinematics in real-time as the robot moves, an alternative approach where the inverse kinematics is calculated ahead of time is presented. This approach reduces the complexity and code necessary for the control system. Robot control systems are usually implemented in low level programming language. This new approach enables the use of high level programming for the complex inverse kinematics problem. For our approach, we implement a program to solve the inverse kinematics, called the Inverse Kinematics Solver (IKS, in Java, with a simple graphical user interface (GUI to load a file with desired end effector poses and edit the configuration of the robot using the Denavit-Hartenberg (DH convention. The program uses the closed-loop inverse kinematics (CLIK algorithm to solve the inverse kinematics problem. As an example, the IKS was set up to solve the kinematics for a custom built serial link robot. The kinematics for the custom robot is presented, and an example of input and output files is also presented. Additionally, the gain of the loop in the IKS is optimized using a GA, resulting in almost a 50% decrease in computational time.

Inverse kinematics research using obstacle avoidance geometry method for EAST Articulated Maintenance Arm (EAMA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Kun; Song, Yuntao; Wu, Huapeng; Wei, Xiaoyang; Khan, Shahab Ud-Din; Cheng, Yong

2017-01-01

Highlights: • An Obstacle Topology Partition Projection (OTPP) method of tokamak-like vessel for collision detection. • Median values preferentially of depth-first search algorithm for solving redundant inverse kinematics based on OTPP. • Application of RIK in grasping target objects. - Abstract: This paper proposed a new method for solving inverse kinematics (IK) of a redundant manipulator called EAST Articulated Maintenance Arm (EAMA), which is applied in the fusion reactor EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) and used to complete some maintenance tasks in the complex areas. However, it is difficult to realize remote control due to its redundancy, coupling structure and the complex operational environment. The IK research of the robot played a vital role to the manipulator’s motion control algorithm of remote handling (RH) technology. An Obstacle Topology Partition Projection (OTPP) approach integrated with Modified Inverse Depth First Search (MIDFS) method was presented. This is a kind of new geometric algorithm in order to solve the problem of IK for a high-redundancy manipulator. It can also be used to find a solution satisfying collision avoidance with optimal safety distance between the manipulator and obstacles. Simulations and experiments were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.

Inverse kinematics research using obstacle avoidance geometry method for EAST Articulated Maintenance Arm (EAMA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Kun, E-mail: wangkun@ipp.ac.cn [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei (China); Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta (Finland); University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China); Song, Yuntao [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei (China); University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China); Wu, Huapeng [Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta (Finland); Wei, Xiaoyang; Khan, Shahab Ud-Din; Cheng, Yong [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei (China)

2017-06-15

Highlights: • An Obstacle Topology Partition Projection (OTPP) method of tokamak-like vessel for collision detection. • Median values preferentially of depth-first search algorithm for solving redundant inverse kinematics based on OTPP. • Application of RIK in grasping target objects. - Abstract: This paper proposed a new method for solving inverse kinematics (IK) of a redundant manipulator called EAST Articulated Maintenance Arm (EAMA), which is applied in the fusion reactor EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) and used to complete some maintenance tasks in the complex areas. However, it is difficult to realize remote control due to its redundancy, coupling structure and the complex operational environment. The IK research of the robot played a vital role to the manipulator’s motion control algorithm of remote handling (RH) technology. An Obstacle Topology Partition Projection (OTPP) approach integrated with Modified Inverse Depth First Search (MIDFS) method was presented. This is a kind of new geometric algorithm in order to solve the problem of IK for a high-redundancy manipulator. It can also be used to find a solution satisfying collision avoidance with optimal safety distance between the manipulator and obstacles. Simulations and experiments were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.

VEGF attenuated increase of outward delayed-rectifier potassium currents in hippocampal neurons induced by focal ischemia via PI3-K pathway.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, K W; Yang, P; Li, S S; Liu, C W; Sun, F Y

2015-07-09

We recently indicated that the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protects neurons against hypoxic death via enhancement of tyrosine phosphorylation of Kv1.2, an isoform of the delayed-rectifier potassium channels through activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) signaling pathway. The present study investigated whether VEGF could attenuate ischemia-induced increase of the potassium currents in the hippocampal pyramidal neurons of rats after ischemic injury. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to induce brain ischemia. The whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record the potassium currents of hippocampal neurons in brain slices from the ischemically injured brains of the rats 24h after MCAO. We detected that transient MCAO caused a significant increase of voltage-gated potassium currents (Kv) and outward delayed-rectifier potassium currents (IK), but not outward transient potassium currents (IA), in the ipsilateral hippocampus compared with the sham. Moreover, we found that VEGF could acutely, reversibly and voltage-dependently inhibit the ischemia-induced IK increase. This inhibitory effect of VEGF could be completely abolished by wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3-K. Our data indicate that VEGF attenuates the ischemia-induced increase of IK via activation of the PI3-K signaling pathway. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

USULAN PERBAIKAN KESELAMATAN KERJA MENGGUNAKAN METODE JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA DAN FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ariel Levi

2017-10-01

Full Text Available PT Prima Utama Mitra Anda adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang industri pembuatan box karoseri. Proses produksinya banyak menggunakan alat atau mesin yang dapat menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja. Data perusahaan menunjukkan terdapat 73 kasus kecelakaan kerja pada tahun 2013 dan 107 kasus kecelakaan kerja pada tahun 2014. Dengan demikian, perlu dilakukan tindakan perbaikan guna menghindari terjadinya kerugian. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode Job Safety Analysis (JSA dengan pendekatan metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA. Berdasarkan tahapan JSA, terdapat 86 jenis kecelakaan kerja dan diperoleh 5 pekerjaan kritis untuk dianalisis menggunakan metode FMEA. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan RPN, didapatkan 3 pekerjaan dengan tingkat kecelakaan paling tinggi, yaitu pekerjaan menggunakan mesin saw blade, pekerjaan menggunakan mesin las dan pekerjaan menggunakan mesin bor. Selanjutnya, pekerjaan tersebut diberi rekomendasi perbaikan berupa penyusunan Instruksi Kerja (IK. IK berisi langkah dasar pekerjaan, potensi bahaya, serta tata cara kerja yang benar. Selain menyusun IK, tingkat disiplin kerja juga perlu diperhatikan untuk membuktikan penyebab pasti kecelakaan kerja. Tingkat disiplin kerja dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu tujuan dan kemampuan, teladan pimpinan, balas jasa, keadilan, pengawasan melekat, sanksi hukuman, ketegasan, dan hubungan kemanusiaan. Selain faktor-faktor tersebut, tingkat disiplin kerja dapat dibentuk melalui 2 cara, yaitu dengan disiplin preventif dan disiplin korektif.

SENP1 inhibition induces apoptosis and growth arrest of multiple myeloma cells through modulation of NF-κB signaling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xu, Jun; Sun, Hui-Yan; Xiao, Feng-Jun; Wang, Hua; Yang, Yang; Wang, Lu; Gao, Chun-Ji; Guo, Zi-Kuan; Wu, Chu-Tse; Wang, Li-Sheng

2015-01-01

SUMO/sentrin specific protease 1 (Senp1) is an important regulation protease in the protein sumoylation, which affects the cell cycle, proliferation and differentiation. The role of Senp1 mediated protein desumoylation in pathophysiological progression of multiple myeloma is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that Senp1 is overexpressed and induced by IL-6 in multiple myeloma cells. Lentivirus-mediated Senp1 knockdown triggers apoptosis and reduces viability, proliferation and colony forming ability of MM cells. The NF-κB family members including P65 and inhibitor protein IkBα play important roles in regulation of MM cell survival and proliferation. We further demonstrated that Senp1 inhibition decreased IL-6-induced P65 and IkBα phosphorylation, leading to inactivation of NF-kB signaling in MM cells. These results delineate a key role for Senp1in IL-6 induced proliferation and survival of MM cells, suggesting it may be a potential new therapeutic target in MM. - Highlights: • Senp1 is overexpressed and induced by IL-6 in multiple myeloma cells. • Senp1 knockdown triggers apoptosis and reduces proliferation of MM cells. • Senp1 inhibition decreased IL-6-induced P65 and IkBα phosphorylation

Time reversal violating nuclear polarizability and atomic electric dipole moment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ginges, J.S.M.; Flambaum, V.V.; Mititelu, G.

2000-01-01

Full text: We propose a nuclear mechanism which can induce an atomic electric dipole moment (EDM). The interaction of external electric E and magnetic H fields with nuclear electric and magnetic dipole moments, d and ,u, gives rise to an energy shift, U= -β ik E i H k , where β ik is the nuclear polarizability. Parity and time invariance violating (P,T-odd) nuclear forces generate a mixed P,T-odd nuclear polarizability, whereψ 0 and ψ n are P,T-odd perturbed ground and excited nuclear states, respectively. In the case of a heavy spherical nucleus with a single unpaired nucleon, the perturbed wavefunctions are U = -β ik E i H k , where ξis a constant proportional to the strength of the nuclear P,T-odd interaction, σ is the nuclear spin operator, and ψ n is an unperturbed wavefunction. There are both scalar and tensor contributions to the nuclear P,T-odd polarizability. An atomic EDM is induced by the interaction of the fields of an unpaired electron in an atom with the P,T-odd perturbed atomic nucleus. An estimate for the value of this EDM has been made. The measurements of atomic EDMs can provide information about P,T-odd nuclear forces and test models of CP-violation

BÜTÜNLEŞİK PAZARLAMA FAALİYETLERİ İLE TURİZMİN VE YABANCI YATIRIMIN İLİŞKİLENDİRİLMESİ - ATTRACTING FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPING TOURISM THROUGH INTEGRATED MARKETING ACTIVITIES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aşkım TÜMBEK

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Özet:Bu çalışma ile bütünleşik pazarlama faaliyeti unsurlarıile turizm ve yabancı yatırım kavramlarının bağlantılarıirdelenmiştir.Çalışma kapsamında konu aşamalı olarak ele alınmıştır.Birinci bölümde Bütünleşik Pazarlama ve Yabancı YatırımKavramları incelenmiş, ikinci bölümde ise BütünleşikPazarlama Faaliyetleri ile Turizmin ve Yabancı Yatırımınİlişkilendirilmesi incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, BütünleşikPazarlama İletişimi Bileşenleri Yoluyla Turizmin GeliştirilerekYabancı Yatırımın Teşvik Edilmesi ele alınmıştır.Türkiye’nin pazarlanması konusunun değişik mecralardatartışılmaya başlandığı günümüzde Türkiye’nin ülke bazındave hatta şehir bazında yabancı sermayeyi çekebilecek şekildepazarlanması konusu ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu anlamdaTürkiye’nin birbirinden farklı kültürel ve tarihi zenginliği vegeçmişe sahip illeri her geçen gün pazarlama uzmanlarıncakeşfedilmeye başlanmaktadır.Abstract:This study explicates the relations among integratedmarketing elements, tourism and foreign investment concepts.Within the framework of the article, the issue was handled inprogressive phases. In the first section, Integrated Marketingelements and foreign Investment concept were associated. Inthe second section, Integrated Marketing elements, Tourismand Foreign Investment concepts have been associated. In thisframe, ways of encouraging foreign investment by developingtourism and applying Integrated Marketing Elements havebeen handled and explicated.Today as the marketing of Turkey has been started to bediscussed on several platforms, ways of marketing Turkey orimportant cities of the country specifically have beenemphasized recently especially to increase the foreigninvestment. In this context, the cities of Turkey havingdifferent cultural and historical beauties are being discoveredby more and more important marketers day by day.

Valgustid - trend ja meeleolu / Ülle Jõks

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Jõks, Ülle, 1966-

2008-01-01

AS Hektor-Light tegevjuht valgustite arendusest, valgustist kui meeleolutootest, valgustite trendidest (vormi muutumine skulpturaalsemaks, värvide võidukäik, suurenenud mõõtmed), materjalidest, luksuslikest valgustitest

What Is Echocardiography?

Science.gov (United States)

... Intramural Research Home / Echocardiography Echocardiography Also known as Echo , Surface echo , Ultrasound of ... other tests, echo doesn't involve radiation. Transthoracic Echocardiography Transthoracic (tranz-thor-AS-ik) echo is the ...

Land allocation, boundary demarcation and tenure security in tribal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Hull

1.1 Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS). Indigenous knowledge ... Science and Technology, 2015). ... history of indigenous people. Indigenous ..... use land for business purposes were also reported in Dinokana. Both the .... Advancement.

A Kerr-NUT metric

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vaidya, P.C.; Patel, L.K.; Bhatt, P.V.

1976-01-01

Using Galilean time and retarded distance as coordinates the usual Kerr metric is expressed in form similar to the Newman-Unti-Tamburino (NUT) metric. The combined Kerr-NUT metric is then investigated. In addition to the Kerr and NUT solutions of Einstein's equations, three other types of solutions are derived. These are (i) the radiating Kerr solution, (ii) the radiating NUT solution satisfying Rsub(ik) = sigmaxisub(i)xisub(k), xisub(i)xisup(i) = 0, and (iii) the associated Kerr solution satisfying Rsub(ik) = 0. Solution (i) is distinct from and simpler than the one reported earlier by Vaidya and Patel (Phys. Rev.; D7:3590 (1973)). Solutions (ii) and (iii) gave line elements which have the axis of symmetry as a singular line. (author)

Tietoa terveydestä ja miesten yleisimmistä syövistä : Miehen katsastuskortti

OpenAIRE

Haverila, Erika; Karppinen, Tiina

2017-01-01

Suomessa todetaan yli 27 000 syöpää vuodessa ja siihen kuolee yli 10 000 ihmistä. Syövät ovat yleistyneet väestössä ja yleistyvät jatkossakin, koska ikääntyneiden määrä lisääntyy. Syövän riskitekijöitä ovat ikä, periytyvyys, ympäristötekijät sekä elintavat. Elintavoista tupak-ointi, epäterveellinen ravitsemus, alkoholin liikakäyttö, liian vähäinen liikunta, ylipaino sekä liian runsas altistuminen auringonvalolle ovat tärkeimpiä riskitekijöitä. Terveyden edi-stämistä voidaan pitää yksilön pros...

Search Results | Page 2 | IDRC - International Development ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Results 11 - 20 of 43 ... The project establishes linkages between indigenous knowledge (IK), traditional food production systems and natural resources (NR) management that ... Information and Communication Technologies for Development in ...

Kuningal on külm / Kadi Herkül

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Herkül, Kadi

1996-01-01

Dario Fo 'Elizabeth - naine juhuse tahtel', lavastaja Elmo Nüganen, esietendus Linnateatris 21. sept. 1996. Jaan Kruusvalli 'Hullumeelne professor, tema elukäik', lavastaja Mikk Mikiver, esietendus Draamateatris 21. sept. 1996

Stiihia on vaja üle elada, katsumus ei kesta kaua / Toomas Hendrik Ilves

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ilves, Toomas Hendrik, 1953-

2008-01-01

Vabariigi Presidendi majandusteemaline videoläkitus portaalis Youtube. Vt. samas: Kommentaarid presidendi videoläkitusele Youtube'is ja postimees.ee-s. Vt. ka lk. 2: Riikoja, Hindrek. Oskuslik PR-käik

Overexpression of KCNJ2 in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for the assessment of QT-prolonging drugs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Min Li

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes hold great potentials to predict pro-arrhythmic risks in preclinical cardiac safety screening, although the hiPSC cardiomyocytes exhibit rather immature functional and structural characteristics, including spontaneous activity. Our physiological characterization and mathematical simulation showed that low expression of the inward-rectifier potassium (IK1 channel is a determinant of spontaneous activity. To understand impact of the low IK1 expression on the pharmacological properties, we tested if transduction of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes with KCNJ2, which encodes the IK1 channel, alters pharmacological response to cardiac repolarization processes. The transduction of KCNJ2 resulted in quiescent hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, which need pacing to elicit action potentials. Significant prolongation of paced action potential duration in KCNJ2-transduced hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes was stably measured at 0.1 μM E-4031, although the same concentration of E-4031 ablated firing of non-treated hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. These results in single cells were confirmed by mathematical simulations. Using the hiPSC-derived cardiac sheets with KCNJ2-transduction, we also investigated effects of a range of drugs on field potential duration recorded at 1 Hz. The KCNJ2 overexpression in hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes may contribute to evaluate a part of QT-prolonging drugs at toxicological concentrations with high accuracy.

Arterial line pressure control enhanced extracorporeal blood flow prescription in hemodialysis patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosales Laura

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background In hemodialysis, extracorporeal blood flow (Qb recommendation is 300–500 mL/min. To achieve the best Qb, we based our prescription on dynamic arterial line pressure (DALP. Methods This prospective study included 72 patients with catheter Group 1 (G1, 1877 treatments and 35 arterio-venous (AV fistulae Group 2 (G2, 1868 treatments. The dialysis staff was trained to prescribe Qb sufficient to obtain DALP between -200 to -250 mmHg. We measured ionic clearance (IK: mL/min, access recirculation, DALP (mmHg and Qb (mL/min. Six prescription zones were identified: from an optimal A zone (Qb > 400, DALP -200 to -250 to zones with lower Qb E (Qb -199. Results Treatments distribution in A was 695 (37% in G1 vs. 704 (37.7% in G2 (P = 0.7. In B 150 (8% in G1 vs. 458 (24.5% in G2 (P P = 0.62. IK in A was 214 ± 34 (G1 vs. 213 ± 35 (G2 (P = 0.65. IK Anova between G2 zones was: A vs. C and D (P P = 0.02. Conclusion In conclusion, an optimal Qb can de prescribed with DALP of -200 mmHg. Staff adherence to DLAP treatment prescription could be reached up to 81.3% in catheters and 84.1% in AV fistulae.

Knee joint kinematics and kinetics during the hop and cut after soft tissue artifact suppression: Time to reconsider ACL injury mechanisms?

Science.gov (United States)

Smale, Kenneth B; Potvin, Brigitte M; Shourijeh, Mohammad S; Benoit, Daniel L

2017-09-06

The recent development of a soft tissue artifact (STA) suppression method allows us to re-evaluate the tibiofemoral kinematics currently linked to non-contact knee injuries. The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate knee joint kinematics and kinetics in six degrees of freedom (DoF) during the loading phases of a jump lunge and side cut using this in silico method. Thirty-five healthy adults completed these movements and their surface marker trajectories were then scaled and processed with OpenSim's inverse kinematics (IK) and inverse dynamics tools. Knee flexion angle-dependent kinematic constraints defined based on previous bone pin (BP) marker trajectories were then applied to the OpenSim model during IK and these constrained results were then processed with the standard inverse dynamics tool. Significant differences for all hip, knee, and ankle DoF were observed after STA suppression for both the jump lunge and side cut. Using clinically relevant effect size estimates, we conclude that STA contamination had led to misclassifications in hip transverse plane angles, knee frontal and transverse plane angles, medial/lateral and distractive/compressive knee translations, and knee frontal plane moments between the NoBP and the BP IK solutions. Our results have substantial clinical implications since past research has used joint kinematics and kinetics contaminated by STA to identify risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Attraction of rotors to the pulmonary veins in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a modeling study.

Science.gov (United States)

Calvo, Conrado J; Deo, Makarand; Zlochiver, Sharon; Millet, José; Berenfeld, Omer

2014-04-15

Maintenance of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) by fast rotors in the left atrium (LA) or at the pulmonary veins (PVs) is not fully understood. To gain insight into this dynamic and complex process, we studied the role of the heterogeneous distribution of transmembrane currents in the PVs and LA junction (PV-LAJ) in the localization of rotors in the PVs. We also investigated whether simple pacing protocols could be used to predict rotor drift in the PV-LAJ. Experimentally observed heterogeneities in IK1, IKs, IKr, Ito, and ICaL in the PV-LAJ were incorporated into two- and pseudo three-dimensional models of Courtemanche-Ramirez-Nattel-Kneller human atrial kinetics to simulate various conditions and investigate rotor drifting mechanisms. Spatial gradients in the currents resulted in shorter action potential duration, minimum diastolic potential that was less negative, and slower upstroke and conduction velocity for rotors in the PV region than in the LA. Rotors under such conditions drifted toward the PV and stabilized at the shortest action potential duration and less-excitable region, consistent with drift direction under intercellular coupling heterogeneities and regardless of the geometrical constraint in the PVs. Simulations with various IK1 gradient conditions and current-voltage relationships substantiated its major role in the rotor drift. In our 1:1 pacing protocol, we found that among various action potential properties, only the minimum diastolic potential gradient was a rate-independent predictor of rotor drift direction. Consistent with experimental and clinical AF studies, simulations in an electrophysiologically heterogeneous model of the PV-LAJ showed rotor attraction toward the PV. Our simulations suggest that IK1 heterogeneity is dominant compared to other currents in determining the drift direction through its impact on the excitability gradient. These results provide a believed novel framework for understanding the complex dynamics of rotors

Left-to-Right Atrial Inward Rectifier Potassium Current Gradients in Patients With Paroxysmal Versus Chronic Atrial Fibrillation

Science.gov (United States)

Voigt, Niels; Trausch, Anne; Knaut, Michael; Matschke, Klaus; Varró, András; Van Wagoner, David R.; Nattel, Stanley; Ravens, Ursula; Dobrev, Dobromir

2018-01-01

Background Recent evidence suggests that atrial fibrillation (AF) is maintained by high-frequency reentrant sources with a left-to-right–dominant frequency gradient, particularly in patients with paroxysmal AF (pAF). Unequal left-to-right distribution of inward rectifier K+ currents has been suggested to underlie this dominant frequency gradient, but this hypothesis has never been tested in humans. Methods and Results Currents were measured with whole-cell voltage-clamp in cardiomyocytes from right atrial (RA) and left (LA) atrial appendages of patients in sinus rhythm (SR) and patients with AF undergoing cardiac surgery. Western blot was used to quantify protein expression of IK1 (Kir2.1 and Kir2.3) and IK,ACh (Kir3.1 and Kir3.4) subunits. Basal current was ≈2-fold larger in chronic AF (cAF) versus SR patients, without RA-LA differences. In pAF, basal current was ≈2-fold larger in LA versus RA, indicating a left-to-right atrial gradient. In both atria, Kir2.1 expression was ≈2-fold greater in cAF but comparable in pAF versus SR. Kir2.3 levels were unchanged in cAF and RA-pAF but showed a 51% decrease in LA-pAF. In SR, carbachol-activated (2 μmol/L) IK,ACh was 70% larger in RA versus LA. This right-to-left atrial gradient was decreased in pAF and cAF caused by reduced IK,ACh in RA only. Similarly, in SR, Kir3.1 and Kir3.4 proteins were greater in RA versus LA and decreased in RA of pAF and cAF. Kir3.1 and Kir3.4 expression was unchanged in LA of pAF and cAF. Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that a left-to-right gradient in inward rectifier background current contributes to high-frequency sources in LA that maintain pAF. These findings have potentially important implications for development of atrial-selective therapeutic approaches. PMID:20657029

The first occurrence of stem canker on oilseed rape caused by Leptosphaeria biglobosa in Serbia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mitrović Petar

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In October 2010 the occurrence of the stem canker symptoms in rapeseed was observed at the locality Rimski Šančevi in Serbia. Several strains of fungi were isolated from the stem. Morphological characteristics of the isolates were studied on a PDA medium at 25±1oC: growth rate, colour, shape and appearance of colonies and the edge of the colony, the pigment, size, colour and shape of pycnidiospores and pycnidia in 10 isolates (isolated in Serbia K-111, IK-112, K-113, K-114, K-115, K-116, IK-117, K-118, K-119, and K-120. All tested strains had fast growth, the regular form of colonies and poor sporulation on nutrient medium. Pycnidiospores are unicellular, hyaline, and mostly straight, with or without a drop of oil. Molecular identification was performed by the application the PCR technique using primers PN3/PN10. In addition to these 10 isolates, two reference strains obtained from the Centre for Agricultural Studies, Rothamsted, UK, which are marked with L. m (Leptosphaena maculanS, L. b (Leptosphaeria biglobosa and 7 reference isolates originating from Serbia, which are marked K-7, St-16, GS-25, L-5, C-3, LJ-2, S-1 were used. On the basis of DNA amplification with primers PN3 and PN10 tape length was about 580 bp for isolates (L.b, IK-111, K-112, K-113, K-114, K-115, K-116, K-117, K-118, K-119, K-120 while that was 560 bp for other group of isolates (L.m, K-7, St-16, GS-25, L-5, C-3, LJ- 2, S-1.This study showed that 10 isolates (K-111, K-112, K-113, IK- 114, K-115, K-116, K-117, K-118, K-119, K-120 isolated from the stem of rapeseed belong to the species Leptosphaeria biglobosa.

Preferential expression and function of voltage-gated, O2-sensitive K+ channels in resistance pulmonary arteries explains regional heterogeneity in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction: ionic diversity in smooth muscle cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Archer, Stephen L; Wu, Xi-Chen; Thébaud, Bernard; Nsair, Ali; Bonnet, Sebastien; Tyrrell, Ben; McMurtry, M Sean; Hashimoto, Kyoko; Harry, Gwyneth; Michelakis, Evangelos D

2004-08-06

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is initiated by inhibition of O2-sensitive, voltage-gated (Kv) channels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Kv inhibition depolarizes membrane potential (E(M)), thereby activating Ca2+ influx via voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. HPV is weak in extrapulmonary, conduit pulmonary arteries (PA) and strong in precapillary resistance arteries. We hypothesized that regional heterogeneity in HPV reflects a longitudinal gradient in the function/expression of PASMC O2-sensitive Kv channels. In adult male Sprague Dawley rats, constrictions to hypoxia, the Kv blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and correolide, a Kv1.x channel inhibitor, were endothelium-independent and greater in resistance versus conduit PAs. Moreover, HPV was dependent on Kv-inhibition, being completely inhibited by pretreatment with 4-AP. Kv1.2, 1.5, Kv2.1, Kv3.1b, Kv4.3, and Kv9.3. mRNA increased as arterial caliber decreased; however, only Kv1.5 protein expression was greater in resistance PAs. Resistance PASMCs had greater K+ current (I(K)) and a more hyperpolarized E(M) and were uniquely O2- and correolide-sensitive. The O2-sensitive current (active at -65 mV) was resistant to iberiotoxin, with minimal tityustoxin sensitivity. In resistance PASMCs, 4-AP and hypoxia inhibited I(K) 57% and 49%, respectively, versus 34% for correolide. Intracellular administration of anti-Kv1.5 antibodies inhibited correolide's effects. The hypoxia-sensitive, correolide-insensitive I(K) (15%) was conducted by Kv2.1. Anti-Kv1.5 and anti-Kv2.1 caused additive depolarization in resistance PASMCs (Kv1.5>Kv2.1) and inhibited hypoxic depolarization. Heterologously expressed human PASMC Kv1.5 generated an O2- and correolide-sensitive I(K) like that in resistance PASMCs. In conclusion, Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 account for virtually all the O2-sensitive current. HPV occurs in a Kv-enriched resistance zone because resistance PASMCs preferentially express O2-sensitive Kv-channels.

Toomas Peterson : Austan neid, kes on ise vähemalt krooni teeninud / Toomas Peterson ; interv. Vallo Toomet

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Peterson, Toomas

2004-01-01

Endine Lennuameti peadirektor, nüüd toitlustusäriga tegelev Toomas Peterson tema vastu esitatud süüdistustest maksupettuses ja kriminaalmenetluse lõpetamisest. Lisa: Toomas Petersoni CV; Sündmuste käik

Kosmosekoerad lennutasid disainibüroo kujundusorbiidile / Teet Reier

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Reier, Teet, 1965-

2010-01-01

1997. aastal asutatud disainibüroost Laika, Belka & Strelka (Krista Lepland, Tea Tammelaan, Malle Jürgenson). Loetletud tehtud tööd, preemiad. Krista Leplandi, Tea Tammelaane ja Malle Jürgensoni teenistuskäik

Territorija kino / Boris Tuch

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tuch, Boris, 1946-

2004-01-01

VIII Pimedate Ööde Filmifestivali filmidest : Joel Schumacher "Ooperifantoom", Kim Ki-duk "Tühi maja", Matthew Vaughn "Kihiline kook", Marco Bellocchio "Tere hommikust, öö", Oliver Hirschbiegel "Allakäik", Dmitri Meshijev "Omad"

Külaliste kaalumine : Draamateatri külalisetendused Tartus / Margus Kasterpalu, Andrus Laansalu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kasterpalu, Margus, 1961-

1995-01-01

Andrus Kivirähki 'Jalutuskäik vikerkaarel' (lav. Mati Unt); Jean-Jacques Bricaire 'Tulumaks' (lav. Lembit Ulfsak); Mihhail Lermontovi 'Maskeraad' (lav. Mikk Mikiver); Jaan Krossi 'Doktor Karelli raske öö' (lav. Mikk Mikiver)

Eros / Aare Ermel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ermel, Aare, 1957-2013

2006-01-01

Kolmest iseseisvast armastusloost koosnev episoodfilm "Eros" : režissöörid Wong Kar-Wai ("Käsi"), Steven Soderbergh ("Tasakaal" / "Equilibrium"), Michelangelo Antonioni ("Asjade ohtlik käik") : Hongkong - Hiina - USA - Prantsuse - Itaalia 2004

against booklice

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research January 2017; 16 (1): 171-177 ... Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin ..... Sinicae, Science Press, Beijing, China; 1979. ... Yeom HJ, Kang J, Kim SW, Park IK.

ESARBICA Journal: Journal of the Eastern and Southern Africa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... (IKS) in the Southern African Development Community (SADC): One step at a time ... The role of records management in promoting business efficiency and ... controversy: a case for records keeping in international sports management ...

"Allakäigu" Adolf Hitler paistab päris inimese moodi / Andres Laasik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Laasik, Andres, 1960-2016

2004-01-01

Mängufilm, kus peategelaseks on Adolf Hitler - "Allakäik" ("Der Untergang") : stsenarist ja produtsent Bernd Eichinger : režissöör Oliver Hirschbiegel : Saksamaa 2004. Lisa "Pimedad Ööd tahavad Hitlerit"

Minority Health and Health Disparities

Science.gov (United States)

... ik People" People Awakening Resilience Project (PARP), Cuqyun "Measuring" Treatment and Health Services Research Alcohol Treatment and ... addressing Health Disparities . 1 2009-2013 Health Disparities Strategic Plan, p.4 2 Ibid, p.4 3 ...

Ühe kunstniku vääritimõistmisest / Jüri Hain

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hain, Jüri, 1941-

2003-01-01

Reet Margi kureeritud näitusel "Sotsialistliku realismi võidukäik? - Eestis" oli eksponeeritud vene maalikunstnik Nikolai Bogdanov-Belski (1868-1945) töö. Kunstnik ei ole sotsrealismi esindaja, elas aastail 1921-1944 Riias

Dicty_cDB: SSA811 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available VSLSLFPMAGPLITYALIHNNYTPISGQTLWNHAQIAN GTHASMVGAFIYLGVAGLCVFLXLCSTFTAPKHNPEDDE*tr*txxxxxxk*nkqfpxxx xqipnpqx...pttmlfnllsvfhffqwlvllslmh*fttitpqylgklfgimpksp mvhmlqwlellsi*allvyvfsxsyaahlplqsiiqkmmnkqdkqxxxxx...inkinsfxxx pxksqixxxxinxxnxqsqipxkixr*lillxlsqiksnqik*nkif*c Frame B: ---nlspgglcyrfpppccsic...cqsftfsngwssyhlcidsqqlhpniwanslescpnrq wytcfngwsfylfrrcwfmcfpxlmqhiyrska*srr**inkinxxxxxx*ik*tvsxxx xpnpksxxx...AGPLITYALIHNNYTPISGQTLWNHAQIAN GTHASMVGAFIYLGVAGLCVFLXLCSTFTAPKHNPEDDE*tr*txxxxxxk*nkqfpxxx xqipnpqxxy**xkxx

Nemtsõ razbivajut tabu i võvodjat na ekran Gitlera

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

2004.a. lõpul ja 2005.a. algul jõuavad saksa publikuni kaks linateost, kus peategelaseks on Adolf Hitler : Bernd Eichingeri "Allakäik" ("Der Untergang") ja Heinrich Breloeri "Speer ja tema" ("Speer und er")

Viljakaim kirjanik sai endaväärilise eluloo / Aivar Kull

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kull, Aivar, 1955-

2004-01-01

Arvustus: Kruus, Oskar. Bernard Kangro : elukäik ja looming : [1910-1994]. Tallinn : Eesti Raamat, 2003. Vaata ka: Kull, Aivar. Kulli pilk. - Tartu : Ilmamaa, 2005, lk. 425-427, pealkirjaga "Bernard Kangro on saanud oma eluloo"

Management of communal rangelands - the dialogue between science and indigenous knowledge: the case of the Eastern Cape

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Dube, S

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Communal area rangeland resource users are an important part of the rangeland ecosystem; rangeland management policies and practice should, therefore, accommodate their socio-cultural practices and knowledge. Indigenous knowledge (IK) is often...

الأهلية والولاية في نطاق الرهن التأميني ((دراسة مقارنة

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

منصور حاتم محسن

2017-03-01

Full Text Available The Civil laws organized , The Capacity provisions of the laws .while the provisions of the organization and guardian ship laws in civil law and in special laws ik Iraqi and Egyption law.

Autobiograafia kui „tõe” diskursus: Lilli Suburgi „Minu saatusega võitluskäik”. Autobiography as the Discourse of “Truth”: Lilli Suburg’s Minu saatusega võitluskäik

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eve Annuk

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Lilli Suburg (1841-1923 is an author in Estonian literary and cultural history who is not well researched, though her literary output is sufficiently large and her manuscript heritage many-sided, casting light on the little known aspects of her work and activity. Suburg was active in very different fields: she is known as a writer, journalist, feminist and educator. Her literary work is diverse and prolific; she wrote short stories, children’s stories, journalistic texts as well as philosophical essays. In Suburg’s work the autobiographical element plays a significant role, so that we can say that throughout her whole life she wrote her own autobiography, albeit using different forms. In this article, I example specifically the autobiography written by Lilli Suburg (1841-1923 entitled Minu saatusega võitluskäik (My Fight is my Destiny (1914, with the aim of introducing the text to the modern reader and analysing its content and peculiarities. As the text was published almost a hundred years ago, it deserves to be read anew and given a fresh interpretation from a modern point of view. The text certainly adds some new aspects to understanding Lilli Suburg’s life and activity; in the article I will analyse how Suburg looks at herself and her life and the reasons why she chose to write an autobiography with a feminist emphasis. The autobiography was published in the magazine Naiste Töö ja Elu (Women’s Work and Life in 1914 and to date it is the first and only feminist autobiography in Estonia. As Suburg had been a contributor to the magazine since its foundation in 1911, it provided a forum where she was able to share her feminist ideas and worldview with the readers. The magazine’s readers were understanding and supportive of feminist ideas, and the magazine’s focus was on women’s issues and women’s interests, the contributors being the leading women of the time. In her autobiography Suburg gives an overview of her life

[Määramised

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

Ametisse määramised: Kaitseliidu peastaabi ülem major Kajari Klettenberg; KJPS eelarve- ja rahandusosakonna ülem major Aivar Vilbre; Kaitseliidu Rapla maleva pealik major Peeter Tani. Uute juhtide haridus, teenistuskäik, auastmed, autasud

INDGENOUS KNOWLEDGE: EXAMINING ITS PAST AND

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In spite of this, Indigenous Knowledge (IK) is still far from being preserved for posterity. ... self-management that governs resource use” (Johnson, 1992:4). Ngulube .... the World Bank has rated African information content on the superhighway.

Several required OWL features for indigenous knowledge management systems

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Alberts, R

2012-05-01

Full Text Available This paper describes the features required of OWL (Web Ontology Language) to realise and enhance Indigenous Knowledge (IK) digital repositories. Several needs for Indigenous Knowledge management systems (IKMSs) are articulated, based on extensive...

Lagunenud valitsusega Pakistan vaevleb kriisis / Sandra Maasalu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Maasalu, Sandra

2008-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Postimees : na russkom jazõke 27. aug. 2008, lk. 7. Pakistani valitsuse lagunemisest, kui endine peaminister Navaz Sharif oma parteiga koalitsioonist lahkus. Vt. samas: Pakistani ahistavad separatistid ja majanduse allakäik. Kaart: Pakistan

Kevadine õppekäik Baieri Riigiraamatukokku / Merilin Koppel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koppel, Merilin

2015-01-01

Eesti Rahvusraamatukogu töötajad Merilin Koppel ja Kadri Merilai külastasid Saksamaa ühte olulisemat teadusraamatukogu Baieri Riigiraamatukogu (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek). Lähemalt tutvuti Ida-Euroopa lugemissaali tööga, mille tööd eesti kirjandusega käsitletakse pikemalt

Trafficking of the IKs -Complex in MDCK Cells

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

David, Jens-Peter; Andersen, Martin N; Olesen, Søren-Peter

2013-01-01

place in a post-endoplasmic reticulum compartment. We demonstrate that K 7.1 targets the I -complex to the basolateral membrane, but that KCNE1 can redirect the complex to the apical membrane upon mutation of critical K 7.1 basolateral targeting signals. Our data provide a possible explanation...

Dicty_cDB: CHL770 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available qk*ikli*tllyhkiystnfhke*nvlnngnikerniyslelqk vmf*ymmllkkxinmvifkfql*leiqn*yqknqlhk*vylmiiiny*y*qmvi*rymi* fn...i*tllyhkiystnfhke*nvlnngnikerniyslelqk vmf*ymmllkkxinmvifkfql*leiqn*yqknqlhk*vylmiiiny*y*qmvi*rymi* fnlm*qqe... PIDQLYPXFESVXXDNTXTXXDNXXXKNXFKFENFKIKXXLFQLKTGVXKIXEXLTXPIC NKXFLGTQAFVARP Frame C: islyialke**lsi*yqk*ikl

Maastik : Esteetilise funktsioonist modernses ühiskonnas / Joachim Ritter ; tlk. Age Veeroos, saatesõna Ülo Matjus

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ritter, Joachim

1996-01-01

Loodus kui esteetiliselt vahendatud maastik: uusaja maailma kuulub loodus maastikuna, kusjuures luule ja kunst kordavad teaduse kaudu vahendatud 'objektiivset' loodust esteetiliselt. Ka Francesco Petrarca kirjast Francesco Dioginile Borgo San Sepolcrost ja Friedrich Schilleri luuletusest 'Jalutuskäik'

IK-Veranstaltungen neu gestalten: Aufbau eines IK-Konzeptes an einer neu gegründeten Hochschule – Chancen, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guido Kippelt

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Veranstaltungen zur Informationskompetenz sind ein fester Bestandteil an wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken und spielen eine wichtige Rolle für eine erfolgreiche Hochschulausbildung. Durch die Neugründung der staatlichen Hochschule Hamm-Lippstadt konnten in den dortigen Bibliotheken Informationskompetenz-Veranstaltungen grundlegend neu konzipiert und umgesetzt werden. Bei der Neugestaltung mussten unterschiedliche Kriterien zu Inhalten, Formaten, Zielgruppen etc. berücksichtigt werden. Hierbei spielten auch Überlegungen eine Rolle, wie Informationskompetenz an der HSHL definiert werden soll. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die zu berücksichtigenden Kriterien für die Umsetzung von Informationskompetenz-Veranstaltungen an der HSHL erläutert. Des Weiteren wird ein Ausblick gewagt, wie diese Veranstaltungen weiter ausgebaut werden können. Lectures on information literacy are an important part of the work of a scientific library and are crucial for a successful university education. The founding of the state University of Applied Sciences Hamm-Lippstadt created the opportunity to develop a completely new series of information literacy lectures. During the creation of this lecture series, different criteria such as content, format, target groups and others had to be considered. It was also a part of this process to specify how the term information literacy should be defined for the University of Applied Sciences Hamm Lippstadt. This article discusses the criteria applied to the implementation and also gives an outlook on possible further developments.

Collaborating on Climate: The Signs of the Land Camp as a Model for Meaningful Learning Between Indigenous Communities and Western Climate Scientists

Science.gov (United States)

Chase, M.; Brunacini, J.; Sparrow, E. B.

2016-12-01

As interest in Indigenous Knowledge (IK) grows, how can researchers ensure that collaboration is meaningful, relevant, and valuable for those involved? The Signs of the Land: Reaching Arctic Communities Facing Climate Change Camp is a collaborative project developed by the Association for Interior Native Educators (AINE), the International Arctic Research Center (IARC), and the PoLAR Partnership. Modeled on AINE's Elder Academy and supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation, the camp facilitates in-depth dialogue about climate change and explores causes, impacts, and solutions through the cultural lens of Alaska Native communities. The project integrates local observations, IK, and western climate science. Participants engage with Alaska Native Elders, local climate researchers, and learn about climate communication tools and resources for responding. Following camps in 2014 and 2016, project partners identified a variety of questions about the challenges and opportunities of the collaboration that will be discussed in this presentation. For instance, what does it mean to equitably integrate IK, and in what ways are Native communities able to participate in research project design, delivery, and evaluation? How are decisions made and consensus built within cultural practices, project goals, and funding expectations? How do opportunities available to Indigenous communities to engage with western climate science broaden understanding and response? And, how does the ability to connect with and learn from Alaska Native Elders affect motivation, engagement, and community action? Finally, what is the effect of learning about climate change in a cultural camp setting?

The environmental integrity of African Indigenous Knowledge ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Westerners tend to view IKS as the African equivalent of Western science, technology ... The relatively intact nature of African communities with the natural ... with the life world, and the separation of fact and reason from meaning and value.

Pala kooli direktor Malle Weinrauch muretseb maakoolide tuleviku pärast / Eva Klaas

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Klaas, Eva

2003-01-01

Konkursi "Eestimaa kauneim kool" tiitli võitnud Anna Haava nimelisest Pala koolist. Kooli direktor Malle Weinrauch'i sõnul oli president Arnold Rüütli külaskäik suursündmus nii kooli õpetajatele kui õpilastele

Pöörane magnet / Urmas Vadi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vadi, Urmas, 1977-

2003-01-01

12. XII esitletakse Tartu Kirjanduse Majas raamatut "Kollane maja : oodatud köik, kes armunud Supilinna!" (Tallinn : Piller, 2003). Õhtu kavast. Näeb Maie-Ann Rauna ja Urmo Rausi klaasikunsti ning filme "Supilinn 2002" ja "Ruhnu rubiinid"

The cardiac effects of carbon nanotubes in rat

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mina Hossein Pour

2016-06-01

Conclusion: Injection of CNTs in rats resulted in increase of heart rate. The reason of phenomenon is that multiwall CNTs may block potassium channels. The suppressed and inhibited IK and potassium channels lead to increase of heart rate.

S voinoi pokontshili mõ stshjotõ? / Eteri Kekelidze

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kekelidze, Eteri, 1944-

2004-01-01

PÖFFi filme - mängufilm Teise maailmasõja viimastest päevadest Berliinis, peategelaseks Adolf Hitler - "Allakäik" : režissöör Oliver Hirschbiegel : Saksamaa 2004 ja Dmitri Meshijevi sõjafilm "Omad" : Venemaa 2004

Vaade hävingu epitsentrile / Mari Laaniste

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Laaniste, Mari, 1977-

2006-01-01

Mängufilm Teise maailmasõja viimastest päevadest Berliinis, peategelaseks Adolf Hitler - "Allakäik" : režissöör Oliver Hirschbiegel : Saksamaa 2004. Lühidalt ka režissööri elust ja loomingust

Anisotropic energy-gaps of iron-based superconductivity from intra-band quasiparticle interference in LiFeAs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rost, A.W. [LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS (United Kingdom); Allan, M.P. [LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS (United Kingdom); CMPMS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 (United States); Mackenzie, A.P. [SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS (United Kingdom); Xie, Y. [CMPMS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 (United States); Davis, J.C. [LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS (United Kingdom); CMPMS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 (United States); Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); Kihou, K.; Lee, C.H.; Iyo, A.; Eisaki, H. [AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 (Japan); Chuang, T.M. [LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); CMPMS Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 (United States); Inst. of Physics, Academica Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan (China)

2012-07-01

Cooper pairing in the Fe-based superconductors is thought to occur due to the projection of the antiferromagnetic interactions between iron atoms onto the complex momentum-space electronic structure. A key consequence is that distinct anisotropic energy gaps {Delta}{sub i}(k) with specific relative orientations should occur on the different electronic bands i. To determine this previously unresolved gap structure high-precision spectroscopy is required. Here we introduce the STM technique of intra-band Bogolyubov quasiparticle scattering interference (QPI) to iron-based superconductor studies, focusing on LiFeAs. We identify the QPI signatures of three hole-like dispersions and, by introducing a new QPI technique, determine the magnitude and relative orientations of corresponding anisotropic {Delta}{sub i}(k). Intra-band Bogolyubov QPI therefore yields the spectroscopic information required to identify the mechanism of superconductivity in Fe-based superconductors.

12. VI avati Salzburgi maineka Kunstiühingu (Salzburger Kunstverein) peasaalis...

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2003-01-01

Ene-Liis Semperi videonäitus. Eksponeeritakse 1998. a. valminud töid, mis käsitlevad elu ja surma piirsituatsiooni. Austria päevalehe Die Presse kultuurilisa nimetab E.-L. Semperit viimase Veneetsia biennaali Eesti shooting-star'iks

Wittgensteins ‘Lebensform’: een terra incognita?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Eijzenga, H.

1995-01-01

In dit artikel heb ik gesteld dat de dilemma’s ten aanzien van culturele incommensurabiliteit waarmee zowel universalisten als relativisten te maken krijgen vermeden kunnen worden door uitwerking van Wittgensteins ‘übersichtliche Darstellung’ (overzichtelijke weergave) waarmee Wittgenstein in

How community innovation works : a material-semiotic analysis of the wireless Leiden Wi-Fi network

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Verhaegh, Stefan

2010-01-01

Het doel van dit proefschrift is op basis van empirisch onderzoek op het terrein van informatie- en communicatietechnologie een bijdrage te leveren aan theorievorming over innovatiepraktijken door gebruikers. Dat doe ik door innovatie door gebruikers vanuit een materieel-semiotisch perspectief te

Miloš Forman esitles kodumaal uut filmi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2009-01-01

USAs töötav tšehhi päritolu režissöör esitles Karlovy Vary filmifestivalil oma filmi "Kasulik jalutuskäik", mis on Formani Praha rahvusteatris lavastatud J. Suchy ja J. Slitri muusikali filming

Role of calcium-activated potassium channels with small conductance in bradykinin-induced vasodilation of porcine retinal arterioles

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dalsgaard, Thomas; Kroigaard, Christel; Bek, Toke

2009-01-01

PURPOSE: Endothelial dysfunction and impaired vasodilation may be involved in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular diseases. In the present study, the mechanisms underlying bradykinin vasodilation were examined and whether calcium-activated potassium channels of small (SK(Ca)) and intermediate (IK...

Ancias/Anxiousness in Joana de Jesus (1617-1681) : Historical and philosophical approaches

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Serrado, Joana

2014-01-01

Maakt vrees handelen mogelijk of juist onmogelijk? Kunnen de geschriften van een zeventiende-eeuwse Portugese non bijdragen tot het ontstaan van een subjectiviteit die empowerment van vrouwen en intellectuele productie bevordert? In mijn proefschrift presenteer ik een meervoudig gelaagde studie over

The effectiveness of a trauma-focused psycho-educational secondary prevention program for children exposed to interparental violence: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Overbeek, M.M.; de Schipper, J.C.; Lamers-Winkelman, F.; Schuengel, C.

2012-01-01

Background: Children who witness interparental violence are at a heightened risk for developing psychosocial, behavioral and cognitive problems, as well as posttraumatic stress symptoms. For these children the psycho-educational secondary prevention program 'En nu ik...!' ('It's my turn now!') has

Hinnatõusu rõõm ja pisarad / Igor Gräzin

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Gräzin, Igor, 1952-

2008-01-01

Riigikogu liige kirjutab hinnatõusudest ja leiab, et tänaste aktsiisimaksude osas pole Eesti valitsusel midagi otsustada, nende kohendamine Euroopa Liidule vastavaks ja sellega kaasnev hinnatõus on rahva tahet teostava valitsuse ainuvõimalik käik demokraatlikus ühiskonnas

Ilves külastas veriste kätega diktaatorit

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2009-01-01

President Toomas Hendrik Ilves käis Aserbaidžaani riigipea Ilham Alijevi kutsel 12.-15.01.2009 ametlikul visiidil Bakuus. Kesknädala arvates heidab Eesti presidendi külaskäik diktatuuririiki Eestile varju rahvusvahelise üldsuse silmis

"Külaline" Võrumaal / Ivi Kaarna

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaarna, Ivi

2007-01-01

Võrumaal jätkusid Suurbritannia-Saksamaa-Soome-Eesti ühisfilmi "Külaline" võtted, režissöör Jukka-Pekka Valkeapää, operaator Tuomo Hutri, produtsent Exitfilmist Anneli Ahven, peaosades Vitali Bobrov, Emilia Ikäheimo, Pavel Liski

Agmatine inhibits nuclear factor-κB nuclear translocation in acute ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Doaa M. Samy

2016-02-18

Feb 18, 2016 ... proteins called IkBs that render them inactive.5,6 Tumor necro- sis factor-o ... receptors,15,16 o2-adrenergic receptors,18 imidazoline receptors,19 inducible ... manual bladder evacuation in male rats is difficult.24 Animals.

Pluralisme in de natuurwetenschap

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dieks, D.G.B.J.

2008-01-01

Het zal in de jaren tachtig zijn geweest dat me werd gevraagd een cursus algemene wetenschapsfilosofie voor natuurkundestudenten te organiseren. Na een studie theoretische fysica was ik via enige omzwervingen terechtgekomen bij de vakgroep Grondslagen der Natuurkunde aan de Universiteit Utrecht,

Status of nuclear data activities at Karlsruhe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kawano, Toshihiko [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan)

1997-03-01

This is a brief introduction to nuclear data activity at Karlsruhe Research Center. Some URLs concerned are given. Topics mentioned here are, the FENDL and JEF/EFF project at INR, and measurements of neutron capture cross sections at IK III. (author)

Duurzaamheid en wederkerigheid

NARCIS (Netherlands)

L.J. de Haan (Leo)

1998-01-01

textabstractVan alle internationale universitaire ontwikkelingssamenwerkingsprojecten waarbij ik betrokken ben, is die met de Université Nationale du Bénin de meest uitdagende, maar daarom ook niet de gemakkelijkste. In mijn eerdere samenwerking met onderzoekinstituten in Niger, Burkina Faso en Mali

Circumstellar ammonia in oxygen-rich evolved stars

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, K. T.; Menten, K. M.; Kamiński, T.; Wyrowski, F.; Lacy, J. H.; Greathouse, T. K.

2018-04-01

Context. The circumstellar ammonia (NH3) chemistry in evolved stars is poorly understood. Previous observations and modelling showed that NH3 abundance in oxygen-rich stars is several orders of magnitude above that predicted by equilibrium chemistry. Aims: We would like to characterise the spatial distribution and excitation of NH3 in the oxygen-rich circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) of four diverse targets: IK Tau, VY CMa, OH 231.8+4.2, and IRC +10420. Methods: We observed NH3 emission from the ground state in the inversion transitions near 1.3 cm with the Very Large Array (VLA) and submillimetre rotational transitions with the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI) aboard Herschel Space Observatory from all four targets. For IK Tau and VY CMa, we observed NH3 rovibrational absorption lines in the ν2 band near 10.5 μm with the Texas Echelon Cross Echelle Spectrograph (TEXES) at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). We also attempted to search for the rotational transition within the excited vibrational state (v2 = 1) near 2 mm with the IRAM 30m Telescope. Non-LTE radiative transfer modelling, including radiative pumping to the vibrational state, was carried out to derive the radial distribution of NH3 in the CSEs of these targets. Results: We detected NH3 inversion and rotational emission in all four targets. IK Tau and VY CMa show blueshifted absorption in the rovibrational spectra. We did not detect vibrationally excited rotational transition from IK Tau. Spatially resolved VLA images of IK Tau and IRC +10420 show clumpy emission structures; unresolved images of VY CMa and OH 231.8+4.2 indicate that the spatial-kinematic distribution of NH3 is similar to that of assorted molecules, such as SO and SO2, that exhibit localised and clumpy emission. Our modelling shows that the NH3 abundance relative to molecular hydrogen is generally of the order of 10-7, which is a few times lower than previous estimates that were made without considering radiative

2018-05-03T22:59:19Z https://www.ajol.info/index.php/all/oai oai:ojs ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

article/71922 2018-05-03T22:59:19Z ajest:ART Livestock waste-menace: Fish wealth-solution Adewumi, AA Adewumi, IK Olaleye, VF A review of the use of livestock wastes for sustainable fish wealth creation was done, using information from ...

TU Delft en online media

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Speekenbrink, R.J.H.

2013-01-01

Dit boek behandelt een visie op online media bij Nederlandse universiteiten. Daarbij beperk ik me tot die aspecten waarin online communicatie en/of online marketing een rol speelt. Dit boek behandelt niet de onderwijsgerelateerde aspecten van online media. Elektronische leeromgevingen, sociale media

Local farmers' approach to soil conservation: Lessons from Nigeria ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This paper explores the indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) approaches to soil conservation in Nigeria. It specifically identifies various indigenous/local and modern methods employed in the process of utilizing an integrated approach to soil conservation by all stakeholders (local farmers, governmental and ...

Film "Zakat" o poslednih dnjah Gitlera polutshil "bavarskogo Oskara"

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

Mängufilm "Allakäik" ("Der Untergang") : produtsent ja stsenarist Bernd Eichinger, võitis kolm Baierimaa filmiauhinda "Baieri Oscar". Auhinnati ka peaosatäitja Bruno Ganzi loodud rollisooritust ja parima režissööritöö eest sai auhinnatud Oliver Hirschbiegel

Computer Animation for Articulated 3D Characters

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kiss, S.

2002-01-01

We present a review of the computer animation literature, mainly concentrating on articulated characters and at least some degree of interactivity or real time simulation. Advances in dierent techniques such as key-frame, motion capture (also known as mocap), dynamics, inverse kinematics (IK),

Mathematical Ideas In Some Cooperative Work Activities Of The ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The interface between Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS), cultural practices and mathematics is currently generating a great deal of interest among mathematics education researchers and practitioners alike. This article uses mathematical lenses to examine the cultural practice of dhava (cooperative work) among the ...

Hamburg: privaatrechtelijk paradijsje aan de Aussenalster

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hondius, E.H.

2005-01-01

In dit verslag wil ik mij beperken tot een beschrijving van mijn ervaringen aan het Max Planck Institut te Hamburg. Dat instituut telt een kleine honderd 'vaste' juridische onderzoekers, voornamelijk uit Duitsland, maar ook uit Frankrijk, Griekenland, Iran, Italië en Rusland. Nederlandse

Sotsialistlik realism Eestis

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2002-01-01

Tartu Kunstimuuseumis näitus "Sotsialistliku realismi võidukäik? Eestis". Kuraator Reet Mark. Vaadata saab aastatel 1948-56 Moskvast ja Leningradist Eestisse saadetud "näidiskunsti" ja sotsialistlikku realismi eesti autoritelt aastatest 1940-1956. 11. X ettekannete päeval esinejaid

Neural and genetic underpinnings of response inhibition in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Rooij, Daan

2015-01-01

In the huidige thesis onderzoek ik de neurale en genetische onderbouwing van response inhibitie in een groot cohort van adolescenten met ADHD, hun onaangedane siblings en gezonde controles. Ieder van de vier onderzoekshoofdstukken beantwoord een aparte vraag hieromtrent. In het tweede hoofdstuk van

Kroniek Causaliteit in het verzekeringsrecht

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Brouwer, H.M.B.

2013-01-01

In deze kroniek staat centraal de causaliteit in het verzekeringsrecht. Onlosmakelijk daarmee verbonden blijkt de vraag welk criterium gehanteerd dient te worden om het causaal verband vast te stellen. Eerst maak ik enige algemene opmerkingen over causaliteit in het verzekeringsrecht en vervolgens

Female physiology meets psychology : menstrual cycle and contraceptive pill effects

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cobey, Kelly Denise

2013-01-01

In dit proefschrift toon ik aan dat het gebruik van hormonale contraceptie (HC) de natuurlijke hormonale fluctuaties verstoort, wat negatieve psychologische gevolgen kan hebben voor sociale relaties. Onderzoek naar de gevolgen van HC op gedrag in sociale relaties draagt mogelijk bij aan meer

De ontwikkeling van het Japanse pacifisme en defensiebeleid als informele constitutionele verandering

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Passchier, Reijer

2017-01-01

Dutch Abstract: Samenvatting – In dit artikel bekijk ik in hoeverre de ontwikkeling van het Japanse constitutionele pacifisme en defensiebeleid kan worden gezien als ‘informele constitutionele verandering’: een betekenisverandering in de tekst van een grondwet die plaatsvindt zonder dat de tekst van

Blairi kümnend vajus Iraagi sõja varju / Kaivo Kopli

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kopli, Kaivo

2007-01-01

Suurbritannia peaministri Tony Blairi pärandiks on uued töökohad, vähem kuritegevust, parem tervishoid ja haridus, kuid ajalukku jääb ta Iraagi sõja tõttu. Lisa: Kümme aastat Blairi valitsemist; Elukäik

Gilgamesj. Een oud verhaal opnieuw verteld.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. H. Kroeze

1951-03-01

Full Text Available Dat ik dit verhaal voor u opnieuw ga vertellen is niet alleen omdat het zoo oud is en zoo mooi—hoewel óók daarom!Dit verhaal is zoo mooi, omdat het eenvoudig is en in zijn eenvoudreëel.

Een vondst van Franse boekweit (Fagopyrum tataricum)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Abbink-Meijerink, Corry G.

1998-01-01

In september 1996, tijdens een van mijn vele plantenstrooptochten door het FLORON-district Twente, kwam ik in een landbouwgebied bij Dedemsvaart terecht. Landbouwgebieden met veel sloten en leidingen hebben een grote aantrekkingskracht op mij, daar ze soms schatten aan informatie opleveren. Door

Experiment list: SRX099378 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 2.5,9.2,1453 GSM803106: Aio Ikaros knockout chromatin source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP thymocytes || genetic... background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocytes || chip antibody=hom

Bifunctional Alkylating Agent-Induced p53 and Nonclassical Nuclear Factor kB Responses and Cell Death are Altered by Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester: A Potential Role for Antioxidant/Electrophilic Response-Element Signaling

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Minsavage, Gary D; Dillman III, James F

2007-01-01

...) occurred within 5 min after exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha. However, exposure to BFA induced nonclassical NF-kB signaling as loss of IkBa was not observed until 2 or 6 h in NHEK or HaCaT cells, respectively...

Blondid mutandid vallutasid koopameeste südame / Kaivo Kopli

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kopli, Kaivo

2006-01-01

Sel nädalal teadusajakirjas Evolution and Human Behaviour ilmunud uuringus tõdetakse, et blondiinide võidukäik sai alguse jääaja lõppedes. Ühtlasi on teadlased veendunud, et heledajuukselised inimesed ilmusid mingi geneetilise muundumise tagajärjel

Outsourcologie

NARCIS (Netherlands)

dr. Th.J.G. Thiadens

2010-01-01

Henry Ford onderscheidt drie verschillende generaties binnen outsourcing: coming together, staying together en working together. 'Coming together is a beginning. Staying together is progress. Working together is succes.' Maar zijn we overal al in de fase van working together? Ik denk van niet.

ERİTRODERMİK PSÖRİAZİSLİ BİR HASTADA GÖZ KAPAĞI VE OKÜLER YÜZEY TUTULUMU Eyelid and Ocular Surface Involvement in a Case of Eritrodermic Psoriasis

OpenAIRE

KÖŞKER, Mustafa; ACAR, Mutlu; ERGİN, Can; GÜRDAL, Canan

2018-01-01

ÖZETKronik plak psöriazis hikayesi olan 62 yaşındaki erkek hasta Türk hamamında kese yaptırdıktanhemen sonra başlayan ve tüm vücudu kaplayan yanma, kaşıntı ve pul pul eritematöz plakşikâyetiyle geldi. Psöriazis dışında sistemik veya oküler hastalık hikayesi yoktu. Hastanınöyküsünde Türk hamamında kese yapılmasına bağlı oluşan travma dışında presipite edici birfaktör saptanmadı. Hasta gözlerinde yanma, batma, sulanma, yabancı cisim hissi ve kızarıklıkşikâyetiyle göz kliniğine başvurdu. Görme k...

Methods for the numerical calculation of the plasma potential from measured Langmuir probe characteristics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seifert, W.; Johanning, D.; Bankov, N.

1986-01-01

In a previous paper the results of the Langmuir probe experiment carried out on board of two INTERKOSMOS satellites have been described. The experiences have shown that the usage of high quality algorithms for analyzing the current-voltage-characteristics is necessary to yield real physical parameters. The key problem is the determination of the plasma potential. This paper reviews the different methods to determine the plasma potential especially under the circumstances of computer application. The test of the well developed methods shows, that for the evaluation of the applied methods a number of different factors, discussed in the following sections of this paper, has to be taken into account. The used test data are model values or real measurements obtained by the satellite missions IK-10, IK-18 and BULGARIA-1300. The computer procedures have been realized as FORTRAN-subroutines for the BESM 6 and ES 1040. (author)

Probability-based classifications for spatially characterizing the water temperatures and discharge rates of hot springs in the Tatun Volcanic Region, Taiwan.

Science.gov (United States)

Jang, Cheng-Shin

2015-05-01

Accurately classifying the spatial features of the water temperatures and discharge rates of hot springs is crucial for environmental resources use and management. This study spatially characterized classifications of the water temperatures and discharge rates of hot springs in the Tatun Volcanic Region of Northern Taiwan by using indicator kriging (IK). The water temperatures and discharge rates of the springs were first assigned to high, moderate, and low categories according to the two thresholds of the proposed spring classification criteria. IK was then used to model the occurrence probabilities of the water temperatures and discharge rates of the springs and probabilistically determine their categories. Finally, nine combinations were acquired from the probability-based classifications for the spatial features of the water temperatures and discharge rates of the springs. Moreover, various combinations of spring water features were examined according to seven subzones of spring use in the study region. The research results reveal that probability-based classifications using IK provide practicable insights related to propagating the uncertainty of classifications according to the spatial features of the water temperatures and discharge rates of the springs. The springs in the Beitou (BT), Xingyi Road (XYR), Zhongshanlou (ZSL), and Lengshuikeng (LSK) subzones are suitable for supplying tourism hotels with a sufficient quantity of spring water because they have high or moderate discharge rates. Furthermore, natural hot springs in riverbeds and valleys should be developed in the Dingbeitou (DBT), ZSL, Xiayoukeng (XYK), and Macao (MC) subzones because of low discharge rates and low or moderate water temperatures.

Nuclear engineering. Stable industry for bright minds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Geisler, Maja

2009-01-01

The Deutsches Atomforum (DAtF) invited 35 students and graduate students for 'colloquies for professional orientation' to Luenen on March 8-11, 2009. Another 39 students were guests in Speyer between March 15 and 18 this year. Participants included graduates in physics, chemistry, radiation protection, and mechanical engineering as well as students of process engineering, electrical engineering and environmental technology. The colloquies for professional orientation are a service provided by the Informationskreis Kernenergie (IK) to member firms of DAtF. At the same time, the IK in this way fulfils its duty to promote young scientists and engineers within the framework of the DAtF's basic public relations activities. After all, nuclear technology in Germany is not about to end its life. Firms with international activities are in urgent need of highly qualified young staff members. Personnel is needed for a variety of activities ranging from nuclear power plant construction to fuel fabrication to waste management and the demolition and disposal of nuclear power plants. All these areas are in need of new qualified staff. Some 750 students so far have attended the DAtF colloquies for professional orientation since 2002. Many participants were hired by industries straight away or were given opportunities as trainees or students preparing their diploma theses in the nuclear industry. These contacts with the nuclear industry should not remain a one-off experience for the students. For this reason, the IK invites the participants in colloquies again this year to attend the Annual Meeting on Nuclear Technology in Dresden on May 12-14, 2009. (orig.)

The electrical properties of auditory hair cells in the frog amphibian papilla.

Science.gov (United States)

Smotherman, M S; Narins, P M

1999-07-01

The amphibian papilla (AP) is the principal auditory organ of the frog. Anatomical and neurophysiological evidence suggests that this hearing organ utilizes both mechanical and electrical (hair cell-based) frequency tuning mechanisms, yet relatively little is known about the electrophysiology of AP hair cells. Using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique, we have investigated the electrical properties and ionic currents of isolated hair cells along the rostrocaudal axis of the AP. Electrical resonances were observed in the voltage response of hair cells harvested from the rostral and medial, but not caudal, regions of the AP. Two ionic currents, ICa and IK(Ca), were observed in every hair cell; however, their amplitudes varied substantially along the epithelium. Only rostral hair cells exhibited an inactivating potassium current (IA), whereas an inwardly rectifying potassium current (IK1) was identified only in caudal AP hair cells. Electrically tuned hair cells exhibited resonant frequencies from 50 to 375 Hz, which correlated well with hair cell position and the tonotopic organization of the papilla. Variations in the kinetics of the outward current contribute substantially to the determination of resonant frequency. ICa and IK(Ca) amplitudes increased with resonant frequency, reducing the membrane time constant with increasing resonant frequency. We conclude that a tonotopically organized hair cell substrate exists to support electrical tuning in the rostromedial region of the frog amphibian papilla and that the cellular mechanisms for frequency determination are very similar to those reported for another electrically tuned auditory organ, the turtle basilar papilla.

Role of action potential configuration and the contribution of Ca2+ and K+ currents to isoprenaline-induced changes in canine ventricular cells

Science.gov (United States)

Szentandrássy, N; Farkas, V; Bárándi, L; Hegyi, B; Ruzsnavszky, F; Horváth, B; Bányász, T; Magyar, J; Márton, I; Nánási, PP

2012-01-01

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although isoprenaline (ISO) is known to activate several ion currents in mammalian myocardium, little is known about the role of action potential morphology in the ISO-induced changes in ion currents. Therefore, the effects of ISO on action potential configuration, L-type Ca2+ current (ICa), slow delayed rectifier K+ current (IKs) and fast delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) were studied and compared in a frequency-dependent manner using canine isolated ventricular myocytes from various transmural locations. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Action potentials were recorded with conventional sharp microelectrodes; ion currents were measured using conventional and action potential voltage clamp techniques. KEY RESULTS In myocytes displaying a spike-and-dome action potential configuration (epicardial and midmyocardial cells), ISO caused reversible shortening of action potentials accompanied by elevation of the plateau. ISO-induced action potential shortening was absent in endocardial cells and in myocytes pretreated with 4-aminopyridine. Application of the IKr blocker E-4031 failed to modify the ISO effect, while action potentials were lengthened by ISO in the presence of the IKs blocker HMR-1556. Both action potential shortening and elevation of the plateau were prevented by pretreatment with the ICa blocker nisoldipine. Action potential voltage clamp experiments revealed a prominent slowly inactivating ICa followed by a rise in IKs, both currents increased with increasing the cycle length. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The effect of ISO in canine ventricular cells depends critically on action potential configuration, and the ISO-induced activation of IKs– but not IKr– may be responsible for the observed shortening of action potentials. PMID:22563726

Experiment list: SRX957817 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 635412: Ikaros ChIP-Seq, preproB cells; Mus musculus; ChIP-Seq source_name=Cultured PreProB || strain=C57BL/...6 || genotype/variation=E2A-/- || cell type=Cultured pre-pro-B cells || antibody=Ikaros (Ik-C, rabbit antibo

Experiment list: SRX957816 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available M1635411: Ikaros ChIP-Seq, proB cells; Mus musculus; ChIP-Seq source_name=Cultured ProB || strain=C57BL/6 ||... genotype/variation=Rag1-/- || cell type=Cultured pro-B cells || antibody=Ikaros (Ik-C, rabbit antibody (kin

Indigenous knowledge: examining its past and present status, and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Recommendations are that information professionals should evolve systems for organizing oral information, policies should be made to encourage the recording, documentation of IK, and national, regional and if possible, global networks can be created to facilitate this. University of Dar es Salaam Library Journal Vol.

Studeren met Hans Rosenberg

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rutten, R.J.

2001-01-01

Hoe was het om in de jaren zestig te studeren? Laat ik een terugblik ophangen aan een studiemakker, Hans Rosenberg. We vormden samen de sterrekundejaar- gang 1961. Hans studeerde af in 1966 met hoofdvak wiskunde, promoveerde op radiostralingsprocessen in de zonnecorona in 1973, verliet de

Tallinna lennuväli jääb tõelisele hiiglasele kitsaks / Erik Rand

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rand, Erik

2010-01-01

Helsingi Vantaa lennuväljal maandus maailma suurim reisilennuk Airbus 380. AS-i Tallinna Lennujaam juhatuse esimehe Rein Loigu väitel käiks selle lennuki vastuvõtmine neil tehniliselt õle jõu, see lennuk vajab hoopis teistsuguse infrastruktuuriga lennujaamu. Põhitakistus on lennuraja kitsus

Into photography

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van de Kamp, M.-T.

2011-01-01

Voor de nieuwe personeelskamer van het Theresialyceum was een fotoserie van drie foto’s gewenst voor de bekleding van geluidswerende panelen. Aan mijn leerlingen uit 4-VWO heb ik gevraagd of zij interesse hadden om hieraan mee te werken. Deze gedeeltelijk toegepaste, gedeeltelijk autonome opdracht

Boekaankondiging

NARCIS (Netherlands)

NN,

1966-01-01

STELLA ROSS-CRAIG, Drawings of British Plants, parts XXIII & XXIV. Ed. G. Bell & Sons Ltd., London 1966 & 1967. Van deze serie, die ik reeds eerder in Gorteria aankondigde, verschenen intussen weer twee afleveringen. Aflevering 23 bevat de in het voorafgaande nummer nog niet behandelde geslachten

Kan Obama speechen? Yes he can! (Brabants Dagblad 7 nov. 2008)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bas Jongenelen

2008-01-01

Snel nadat duidelijk werd dat Barack Obama de Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen gewonnen had, hield hij in Chicago zijn overwinningstoespraak. Was dit de historische toespraak waar Amerika op zat te wachten? Hoe goed was de speech eigenlijk? Ik zal hier een korte analyse presenteren van Obama's

MANAGERIAL ANTECEDENTS OF SUCCESSFUL IKT INNOVATION

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Morten Balle; Nørup, Iben

This study analyses to what extent differences in the management of change may have an impact on the outcome. Theoretically we combine an institutional approach emphasizing context and field level trends with a generic change management approach. Empirically we analyse the implementation of an IK...

Gezondheidslogo's op eten: Verkenningen rond hun recente opmars

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dagevos, H.; Kleef, van E.

2009-01-01

Zowel hun recente en resolute opkomst in de voedingsmarkt als de toegedichte positieve invloed op het gezondheidsvraagstuk geven aanleiding gezondheidlogo's, zoals "Ik Kies Bewust" en het "Gezonde Keuze Klavertje", nader onder de loep te nemen. De verkenningen in dit boek stellen zich vragen bij

Gemeenschappelijke Veiligheid

NARCIS (Netherlands)

J. Tinbergen (Jan)

1985-01-01

textabstractEnige tijd geleden neb ik gepleit 1) voor het opnemen in de economische wetenschap van militaire vraagstukken. Het hoofdargument daarvoor zou men ook aldus kunnen formuleren dat militaire vraagstukken te belangrijk zijn om te worden overgelaten aan militairen en de politic! die het

Minu nimi on Earl / Kaido Soorsk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Soorsk, Kaido, 1973-

2008-01-01

Ameerika autodisainerist Harley Earl'ist (1893-1969) ja tema tähtsamatest töödest: Buick Y-Job (1938), LeSabre (1951), Chevrolet Corvette (1953). Harley Earl juhtis General Motorsi Art and Color Section'it, mis 1937. a. nimetati ümber Style Section'iks

Shirak rekomendoval aktrissu dlja "Koda da Vintshi" / Stefano Montefiori

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Montefiori, Stefano

2006-01-01

Dan Browni samanimelise menuromaani järgi valmiva filmi "Da Vinci kood" võtteperioodile Prantsusmaal eelnes režissööri ja produtsendi külaskäik president J. Chiraci juurde. Režissöör Ron Howard, produtsent Brian Greiser

"Mu Armas..." = "My Dear..." / Hedi Rosma

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rosma, Hedi, 1983-

2016-01-01

Ringkäik Tallinna Kunstihoones Marge Monko kuraatorinäitusel "Kõik kirjad on armastuskirjad", kus kunstnikud Eestist, Belgiast, Iirimaalt, Saksamaalt ja Singapurist uurivad, mis on saanud romantilisest kirest ihade kiire rahuldamise ajastul. Eestit esindavad Anna-Stina Treumund, Anu Põder, Minna Hint ja Johnson & Johnson

Experiment list: SRX099393 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 955772,97.5,10.9,675 GSM803121: input DNA Ikaros knockout chromatin preleukemic stage1 source_name=mouse Ik knock...out DP thymocytes || genetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=D

Experiment list: SRX099380 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available .7,8.5,497 GSM803108: Mi2beta Ikaros knockout chromatin source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP thymocytes || genet...ic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocytes || chip antibody=h

Experiment list: SRX099379 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 66262,95.2,8.3,424 GSM803107: input DNA Ikaros knockout chromatin source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP thymocyte...s || genetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocytes || chip

Experiment list: SRX099399 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 963046,98.0,11.7,694 GSM803127: input DNA Ikaros knockout chromatin preleukemic stage2 source_name=mouse Ik knock...out DP thymocytes || genetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=D

Integrating the Indigenous Knowledge of Borana Pastoralists into Rangeland Management Strategies in Southern Ethiopia

OpenAIRE

World Bank

2005-01-01

Pastoralists' indigenous knowledge (IK) about ecology and social organization led to rangeland-management strategies appropriate to deal with the erratic rainfall in African drylands. Herd mobility was traditionally practiced as the key strategy to make use of the scattered rangeland resources on a large scale.

Zoologist (The) - Vol 13 (2015)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Goro and Gbaiko communities in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria · EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. I.C.J. Omalu, I.K. Olayemi, C.A. Otuu, S.S. Eke, S.C. Hassan, G.O. Uzoaga, 1-5 ...

Hot dog, mis kallab iseendale ketšupit = A hot dog that dresses itself with ketchup / Hanno Soans

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Soans, Hanno, 1974-

2015-01-01

Ringkäik "Tallinna Fotokuu 2015" programmi kesksel näitusel "Prosu(u)mer" Eesti Kaasaegse Kunsti Muuseumis. Prosumer'i mõistest. Näitus avab vastastikku parasiteerivaid suhteid tootjate ja tarbijate vahel ning harutab lahti autori ja kasutaja segunenud rolle. Eestlastest osaleb Liina Siib

Kunnen we nog wel doen wat we willen?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

PhD Everard van Kemenade

2014-01-01

In sommige gevallen en in sommige contexten/culturen zou de PDCA-cyclus wel eens minder toepasbaar kunnen zijn dan we denken. In mijn vorige blog stelde ik me de vraag of in deze turbulente tijden stap 1 van de verbetercirkel ("Plan", plannen maken) nog wel zin heeft.

Ajakirjanikust ärimees / Ralf-Martin Soe

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Soe, Ralf-Martin

2006-01-01

Ärimees Hans H. Luik siirdus meediaärisse 1980. aastate lõpus ja on sinna edukalt jäänud. Vt. samas: CV; Ootamatu käik: Ekspressi tagasiost; Eesti mõjuvõimsam sõnamees. Kommenteerivad: Selle Luik, Rein Sikk, Hando Sinisalu ja Tarmu Tammerk

CTC Sentinel. Volume 3, Number 11-12, November 2010

Science.gov (United States)

2010-11-01

discrete ethnic and geographic entities, Umarov’s imagined community lacks meaningful cohesion. These deficiencies inform the fragmentation now evident...with more than 20 local commanders flocking to the troika’s banner.20 15 “Amir IK Dokku Abu Usman obyavil o svoem preem- nike . Im stal Amir

An ecological perspective on microbes and immune defences in avian eggs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Grizard, Stephanie

2015-01-01

Lichaamseigen micro-organismen beïnvloeden veel eigenschappen van de gastheer, maar hun invloed op fysiologische flexibiliteit wordt vaak over het hoofd gezien. Door eieren te gebruiken als een eenvoudig model voor de vogel, heb ik de link tussen microbiële gemeenschappen en antimicrobiële

Bacon, Lettuce and Tomato: een strategie om leerlingen te helpen hun antwoorden op examenvragen te verbeteren

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kneppers, L.

2014-01-01

In Tutor2u las ik dat in een workshop een strategie was besproken om leerlingen te helpen hun examenantwoorden vollediger en juister te formuleren. De strategie heet in Groot Brittannië BLT, voor leerlingen daar gemakkelijk te onthouden vanwege de populaire Bacon, Lettuce en Tomato sandwich.

Klaas ja mõis / Maie-Ann Raun

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Raun, Maie-Ann, 1938-

2007-01-01

Klaasikunstinäitus "Ringkäik" Albu mõisas, kuraatorid Virve Kiil, Kati Kerstna, Kairi Orgusaar. Eksponeeritakse Tiina Sarapu, Mare Saare, Eeva Käsperi, Kai Kiudsoo-Värvi, Pilvi Ojamaa, Merle Bukoveci, Kalli Seina, Viivi-Ann Keerdo, Liisi Junolaineni, Kristiina Uslari, Ivo Lille töid

De fiscale fishing expedition

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Poelmann, E.

2016-01-01

In de fiscale literatuur en/of mediaberichten duikt met enige regelmaat de term ‘fishing expedition’ op. De term wordt in rechterlijke uitspraken en in beleid genoemd, in nationale en internationale context. Het valt op dat voor die term kennelijk slechts indirecte definities bestaan, althans ik heb

De Dietse vertaling der 'scala sacre communionis van ioannes maubernus

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Persijn, Anne Jacob

1960-01-01

Toen ik mij destijds, bij het zoeken naar een dissertatie onderwerp uit de middeleeuwse mystiek, tot Prof. Dr. Titus Brandsma O. Carm. te Nijmegen wendde. om zijn advies hierin te horen, schoof hij me, in de ontvangkamer van Huize 'Carmell, Doddendaal 8, de catalogus IIFoto's van Middelnederlandsche

Inhibition of T cell proliferation by selective block of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, B S; Odum, Niels; Jorgensen, N K

1999-01-01

cell activation and proliferation has been investigated by using various blockers of IK channels. The Ca(2+)-activated K(+) current in human T cells is shown by the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique to be highly sensitive to clotrimazole, charybdotoxin, and nitrendipine, but not to ketoconazole...

'Media-aandacht is cruciaal': Arnold van Vliet : wetenschapper voor het publiek

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kleis, R.; Vliet, van A.J.H.

2014-01-01

Van Vliet ontdekte de kracht van citizen science al in zijn studententijd in Wageningen. ‘Voor een afstudeervak bij het IBN, nu Alterra, kwam ik in contact met de archieven van het Nederlands Fenologisch Waarnemingsnetwerk. Stapels ordners met waarnemingen van mensen sinds 1868. Bij analyse van die

De kredietcrisis en vastgoed

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Berkhout, T.M.

2009-01-01

Al eerder heb ik in het jaaroverzicht betoogd dat financiële en economische tegenwind steevast interessante fiscale rechtspraak op vastgoedgebied oplevert, hoe wrang dit ook moge klinken. Men is in dergelijke situaties immers geneigd wat scherper aan de wind te gaan zeilen. De fiscale gevolgen van

Een Basketball Carnival voor de BAVO

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Jaap Verhagen

2010-01-01

Ongeveer vier jaar geleden is de Basisvorming ingevoerd. Na vier jaar zijn er allerlei schitterende lesinhouden, kijkwijzers, lesmethoden e.d. geïntroduceerd. Hier zou ik graag een bijdrage aan leveren d.m.v. een Basketball Carnival. Het woord carnival zal wel verbazing wekken. Carnival is niets

Methodological problems in pressure profile calculations for lipid bilayers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sonne, Jacob; Hansen, Flemming Yssing; Peters, Günther H.J.

2005-01-01

calculations: The first problem is that the pressure profile is not uniquely defined since the expression for the local pressure involves an arbitrary choice of an integration contour. We have investigated two different choices leading to the Irving-Kirkwood (IK) and Harasima (H) expressions for the local...

The Pycnogonid family Austrodecidae

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Stock, J.H.

1957-01-01

DE PYCNOGONIDEN- FAMILIE AUSTRODECIDAE Toen mij, in 1954, uit Oslo een verzameling Pycnogonida van de „Norwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan da Cunda 1937—1938“ ter bewerking werd opgezonden, kon ik niet vermoeden dat deze kleine collectie aanleiding zou geven tot een uitgebreide revisie van

Brand van binnenuit: niet de inhoud, maar de vorm

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Biemans, J.A.A.M.

2009-01-01

Brand wordt meestal van buitenaf aangestoken en bestaat hoofdzakelijk uit de verbranding van gassen die vrijkomen door de verhitting van het brandende object. Het resultaat is dat dit object van buiten naar binnen verkoolt of verteert. Bij het verbrandingsproces waarover ik het zal hebben, gaat het

Argumentation-Teaching as a Method to Introduce Indigenous Knowledge into Science Classrooms: Opportunities and Challenges

Science.gov (United States)

Hewson, Mariana G.; Ogunniyi, Meshach B.

2011-01-01

An innovative school science curriculum in South Africa requires the inclusion of African societal/cultural knowledge, such as indigenous knowledge (IK). The main project involves introducing argumentation to accomplish this requirement. We used a focus group plus critical incident technique to ascertain nine teachers' understandings of…

Change Management

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bouwhuijsen, van den W.J.M.J.

2008-01-01

In dit artikel verstaan we onder "CHANGE MANAGEMENT" het managen van wijzigingen en toevoegingen van het te realiseren object gedurende het gehele bouwproces tot de oplevering van het werk, zoals ik deze vanuit mijn ervaringen beleef. Het onderhoud en beheer laten we buiten beschouwing, omdat deze

Experiment list: SRX099395 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ,37.3,329 GSM803123: H3K27me3 Ikaros knockout chromatin preleukemic stage2 source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP ...thymocytes || genetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocytes

Experiment list: SRX099390 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ,38.3,343 GSM803118: H3K27me3 Ikaros knockout chromatin stageI source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP thymocytes |...| genetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocytes || developm

Experiment list: SRX099391 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 2.7,812 GSM803119: H3K9ac2 Ikaros knockout chromatin stageI source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP thymocytes || g...enetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocytes || development

Experiment list: SRX099394 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 34.8,30309 GSM803122: H3K4me3 Ikaros knockout chromatin preleukemic stage2 source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP ...thymocytes || genetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocytes

Experiment list: SRX099396 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 0.5,3585 GSM803124: H3K9ac2 Ikaros knockout chromatin preleukemic stage2 source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP th...ymocytes || genetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocytes |

Experiment list: SRX099389 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 26.0,27537 GSM803117: H3K4me3 Ikaros knockout chromatin stageI source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP thymocytes |...| genetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocytes || developm

Experiment list: SRX099397 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ,11.1,3164 GSM803125: H3K36me3 Ikaros knockout chromatin preleukemic stage2 source_name=mouse Ik knockout DP... thymocytes || genetic background=C57BL/6 x129S4/SvJae || genotype=Ikaros knockout || cell type=DP thymocyte

Spatial Damping of Linear Compressional Magnetoacoustic Waves ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The uncertainty in the radiative relaxation time, how- ever, does .... For spatial damping, we take ω to be real and k to be complex as kR +ikI . The disper- ... bances may travel up in the solar atmosphere through the magnetic field lines that are.

Byrsonima crassa Niedenzu (IK: antimicrobial activity and chemical study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

W. Vilegas

2009-01-01

Full Text Available

The methanolic extract of leaves from Byrsonima crassa, a Brazilian medicinal plant, was analyzed by CC and HPLC. Four constituents were isolated and identified as quercetin, methyl gallate, (--epigallocatechin gallate and quercetin-3-O-(2”-galloyl-a-L-arabinopyranoside. The methanolic and hydromethanolic extract, as well as fractions, were evaluated regarding their possible antimicrobial activity using in vitro methods. Results showed that both extracts and fractions exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. Keywords: Byrsonima crassa, antimicrobial activity, Malpighiaceae.

Pemetaan Kinerja Relatif Kepemimpian Kepala Daerah terhadap Sifat Kepemimpinan Rasulullah SAW

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rakhmat Ceha

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This article proposes a model of performance measurement (mapping is based on the four leadership qualities of Prophet Muhammad SAW, they are shiddig, talbligh, amanah and fathanah. The case study used is the implementation of the leadership of the three head region Municipality (kabupaten of West Java province. Assessment process begins with identifying the variables or criteria along with unit size of each trait Prophet. Furthermore, the survey was conducted in the target study, the city of A, B, and C. For mapping, use the concept of calculation developed by a team of Technology Atlas Project-Unitet Nation and eventually can be calculated Leadership Index (IK for each of the leadership in their respective regions. IK illustrates the relative levels of leadership according to the views of the community, whether it is in compliance with the nature of leadership that ha according to the views of the community s been exemplified by the Rasulullah.

Software development assurance for special control computer sets on the base of the Electronica-60M microcomputer in the stations of fuel element nondestructive testing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vasil'kova, A.D.; Grachev, S.N.; Salakatova, L.S.

1987-01-01

A special computational control complex (SCCC) including the ''Elektronika-60M'' microcomputer, a device for communication with an object (DCO) based on the typical microprocessing set (TMS) based on LIUS-2 KTS means and an adapter for communication of the ''Elektronika-60M'' microcomputer bus with IK1 TMS bus developed for their conjugation is used for development of nondestructive control post software. An instrumental SCCC including SM-4 microcomputer, TMS units as DCO, an adapter for communication of the common bus of the SM-4 minicomputer with the IK1 TMS bus developed for their conjugation and devices for simulation of the facility operation is suggested to increase labour productivity of programmers. The SM-4 microcomputer permits to develop programs in the FORTRAN language and to carry out their effective adjustment. A subprogram library for communication with TMS units is compiled, and the technique for testing FORTRAN programs in programmable read-only memory TMS as well as start of these programs are developed

Congenital Short QT Syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lia Crotti

2010-02-01

Full Text Available The Short QT Syndrome is a recently described new genetic disorder, characterized by abnormally short QT interval, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and life threatening ventricular arrhythmias. This autosomal dominant syndrome can afflict infants, children, or young adults; often a remarkable family background of cardiac sudden death is elucidated. At electrophysiological study, short atrial and ventricular refractory periods are found, with atrial fibrillation and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia easily induced by programmed electrical stimulation. Gain of function mutations in three genes encoding K+ channels have been identified, explaining the abbreviated repolarization seen in this condition: KCNH2 for Ikr (SQT1, KCNQ1 for Iks (SQT2 and KCNJ2 for Ik1 (SQT3. The currently suggested therapeutic strategy is an ICD implantation, although many concerns exist for asymptomatic patients, especially in pediatric age. Pharmacological treatment is still under evaluation; quinidine has shown to prolong QT and reduce the inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias, but awaits additional confirmatory clinical data.

Delayed rectifier potassium channels are involved in SO2 derivative-induced hippocampal neuronal injury.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Guangke; Sang, Nan

2009-01-01

Recent studies implicate the possible neurotoxicity of SO(2), however, its mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated SO(2) derivative-induced effect on delayed rectifier potassium channels (I(K)) and cellular death/apoptosis in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. The results demonstrate that SO(2) derivatives (NaHSO(3) and Na(2)SO(3), 3:1M/M) effectively augmented I(K) and promoted the activation of delayed rectifier potassium channels. Also, SO(2) derivatives increased neuronal death percentage and contributed to the formation of DNA ladder in concentration-dependent manners. Interestingly, the neuronal death and DNA ladder formation, caused by SO(2) derivatives, could be attenuated by the delayed rectifier potassium channel blocker (tetraethylammonium, TEA), but not by the transient outward potassium channel blocker (4-aminopyridine, 4-AP). It implies that stimulating delayed rectifier potassium channels were involved in SO(2) derivative-caused hippocampal neuronal insults, and blocking these channels might be one of the possibly clinical treatment for SO(2)-caused neuronal dysfunction.

Alternative Perspectives on Sustainability: Indigenous Knowledge and Methodologies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Meg Parsons

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Indigenous knowledge (IK is now recognized as being critical to the development of effective, equitable and meaningful strategies to address socio-ecological crises. However efforts to integrate IK and Western science frequently encounter difficulties due to different systems of knowledge production and underlying worldviews. New approaches are needed so that sustainability can progress on the terms that matter the most for the people involved. In this paper we discuss a case study from Aotearoa New Zealand where an indigenous community is in the process of renegotiating and enacting new indigenous-led approaches to address coupled socio-ecological crises. We reflect on novel methodological approaches that highlight the ways in which projects/knowledge are co-produced by a multiplicity of human and non-human actors. To this end we draw on conceptualizations of environmental ethics offered by indigenous scholars and propose alternative bodies of thought, methods, and practices that can support the wider sustainability agenda.

Tachyons in the Galilean limit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Batlle, Carles [Departament de Matemàtiques and IOC, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EPSEVG,Av. V. Balaguer 1, Vilanova i la Geltrú, E-08808 (Spain); Gomis, Joaquim [Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica and Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB),Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona, E-08028 (Spain); Mezincescu, Luca [Department of Physics, University of Miami,P.O. Box 248046, Coral Gables, FL, 33124 (United States); Townsend, Paul K. [Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences,University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge, CB3 0WA (United Kingdom)

2017-04-20

The Souriau massless Galilean particle of “colour” k and spin s is shown to be the Galilean limit of the Souriau tachyon of mass m=ik and spin s. We compare and contrast this result with the Galilean limit of the Nambu-Goto string and Green-Schwarz superstring.

The corticosteroid hormone induced factor: a new modulator of KCNQ1 channels?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jespersen, Thomas; Grunnet, Morten; Rasmussen, Hanne B

2006-01-01

The corticosteroid hormone induced factor (CHIF) is a member of the one-transmembrane segment protein family named FXYD, which also counts phospholemman and the Na,K-pump gamma-subunit. Originally it was suggested that CHIF could induce the expression of the I(Ks) current when expressed in Xenopu...

SUSY formalism for the symmetric double well potential

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

symmetric double well potential barrier we have obtained a class of exactly solvable potentials subject to moving boundary condition. The eigenstates are also obtained by the same technique. Keywords. SUSY; moving boundary condition; exactly solvable; symmetric double well; NH3 molecule. PACS Nos 02.30.Ik; 03.50.

Knowledge, indigenous knowledge, peace and development ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This paper seeks to understand the nature of knowledge, introduce the concept of indigenous knowledge, provide some idea of the status of Indigenous ... African professionals, scholars, researchers, policy makers and activists attempting to understand or promote IK run the risk of a cool reception, ridicule or even outright ...

Proceedings – Mathematical Sciences | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

On some Vongruence with Application to Exponential Sums. Soon-Mo ... Moreover, we introduce an application of the above result to the study of an estimation of exponential sums. Author Affiliations. Soon-Mo Jung1. Mathematics Section, College of Science and Technology, Hong-Ik University, 339-701 Chochiwon, Korea ...

Magnetorotational and Tayler Instabilities in the Pulsar ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Vadim Urpin

2017-09-07

Sep 7, 2017 ... the magnetosphere of neutron stars is of great impor- tance because it is the key ..... electron–proton plasma which is well studied. Gener- ally, the .... For transverse waves, equation (32) transforms into. κV1 − i(k · B0)k × V1 ...

Door de ogen van de ander kijken: kunst als veranderkracht

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Smilde, Rineke

2015-01-01

Presentie gehouden bij een besloten expert meeting van de KNAW en de Boekmanstichting in Amsterdam. Door de ogen van de ander kijken: kunst als veranderkracht. Ik maak graag van de gelegenheid gebruik om iets te vertellen vanuit mijn werk als lector aan het PCC van de Hanzehogeschool Groningen.

Statiese en dynamiese denkwijzen in pathologie en biologie

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Huisman, Rinco Gerrit Johan Pieter

1924-01-01

In de inleiding is gesproken over een tegenstelling in karakteraanleg, die het wezen zou zijn van de tegenstelling der theorieën. Als typen daarvoor zijn Herakleitos en Parmenides genomen en in het voorafgaande heb ik telkens aangegeven welke theorie de uiting was van het ene geestestype en welke

Marx voor de 21e eeuw

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Linden, M.M.; van der Velden, S.

2008-01-01

Karl Marx werd 190 jaar geleden geboren en is 125 jaar dood. Zo'n man uit de voorvorige eeuw heeft die ons eigenlijk nog wel iets te zeggen? Zijn zijn denkbeelden niet totaal verouderd? Ik denk persoonlijk dat het antwoord krachtig NEE moet luiden. Marx is niet verouderd, integendeel.

Putting it in perspective: designing a 3D visualization to contextualize indigenous knowledge in rural Namibia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Kasper L; Winschiers-Theophilus, Heike; Rodil, Kasper

2012-01-01

As part of a long-term research and co-design project we are creating a 3D visualization interface for an indigenous knowledge (IK) management system with rural dwellers of the Herero tribe in Namibia. Evaluations of earlier prototypes and theories on cultural differences in perception led us...

Korte mededeling

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Reijerse, Fons (A.) I.

1997-01-01

Tijdens de inventarisatie van km-hok 52.14.42 (N. van Venray) trof ik op 3 september 1996 een exemplaar aan van Galeopsis ladanum L. (Brede raai). De plant stond op de overgang van een geploegde akker naar een bosrand (merendeels Pinus sylvestris met ondergroei van Prunus serotina) met

Sonnõi mir i jasnost snovideni / Jelena Skulskaja

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Skulskaja, Jelena, 1950-

2004-01-01

PÖFFi mängufilme - "Tühi maja" ("Bin jip"), "Minu kasuvend Frankenstein" ("Moi svodnõi brat Frankenshtein"), "2046", "Tee maitse" ("Cha no aji"), "Allakäik" ("Der Untergang"), "Tütarlaps pärlkõrvarõngaga" ("Girl with a Pearl Earring"). Lisa : "Pimedate Ööde festival statistika peeglis"

Polycythemia Vera

Science.gov (United States)

... Polycythemia Vera Also known as What Is Polycythemia vera (POL-e-si-THEE-me-ah VAY-rah or VE- ... MY-e-lo-PATH-ik) polycythemia Myeloproliferative (MY-e-lo-pro-LIF-er-ah-tiv) disorder Osler disease Polycythemia rubra vera Polycythemia with chronic cyanosis (SI-ah-NO-sis) ...

Jeugdige ongeschoolden : een sociologische beschouwing over een aantal factoren die de mogelijkheid tot sociale en culturele integratie van jeugdige ongeschoolden uit het sociaal zwakke milieu belemmeren

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Feitsma, Hendrik

1960-01-01

In het kader van de beperkingen, die ik mij in deze studie gesteld heb,werd in dit hoofdstuk ter beantwoording van de in de probleemsteIling genoemde vragen, ruim aandacht geschonken aan de gezinssituatie en de gezinsfuncties. Bij de beschouwing van de gezinsfuncties kwamen twee punten steeds weer

Distinctive G Protein-Dependent Signaling by Protease-Activated Receptor 2 (PAR2 in Smooth Muscle: Feedback Inhibition of RhoA by cAMP-Independent PKA.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wimolpak Sriwai

Full Text Available We examined expression of protease-activated receptors 2 (PAR2 and characterized their signaling pathways in rabbit gastric muscle cells. The PAR2 activating peptide SLIGRL (PAR2-AP stimulated Gq, G13, Gi1, PI hydrolysis, and Rho kinase activity, and inhibited cAMP formation. Stimulation of PI hydrolysis was partly inhibited in cells expressing PAR2 siRNA, Gaq or Gai minigene and in cells treated with pertussis toxin, and augmented by expression of dominant negative regulator of G protein signaling (RGS4(N88S. Stimulation of Rho kinase activity was abolished by PAR-2 or Ga13 siRNA, and by Ga13 minigene. PAR2-AP induced a biphasic contraction; initial contraction was selectively blocked by the inhibitor of PI hydrolysis (U73122 or MLC kinase (ML-9, whereas sustained contraction was selectively blocked by the Rho kinase inhibitor (Y27632. PAR2-AP induced phosphorylation of MLC20, MYPT1 but not CPI-17. PAR2-AP also caused a decrease in the association of NF-kB and PKA catalytic subunit: the effect of PAR2-AP was blocked by PAR2 siRNA or phosphorylation-deficient RhoA (RhoA(S188A. PAR2-AP-induced degradation of IkBa and activation of NF-kB were abolished by the blockade of RhoA activity by Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme suggesting RhoA-dependent activation of NF-kB. PAR2-AP-stimulated Rho kinase activity was significantly augmented by the inhibitors of PKA (myristoylated PKI, IKK2 (IKKIV or NF-kB (MG132, and in cells expressing dominant negative mutants of IKK (IKK(K44A, IkBa (IkBa (S32A/S36A or RhoA(S188A, suggesting feedback inhibition of Rho kinase activity via PKA derived from NF-kB pathway. PAR2-AP induced phosphorylation of RhoA and the phosphorylation was attenuated in cells expressing phosphorylation-deficient RhoA(S188A. Our results identified signaling pathways activated by PAR2 to mediate smooth muscle contraction and a novel pathway for feedback inhibition of PAR2-stimulated RhoA. The pathway involves activation of the NF-kB to

Determinan Penyakit Stroke

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Woro Riyadina

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Penyakit stroke merupakan penyebab kematian dan kecacatan kronik yang paling tinggi pada kelompok umur diatas usia 45 tahun terbanyak di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi determinan utama yang berhubungan dengan penyakit stroke pada masyarakat di kelurahan Kebon Kalapa Bogor. Analisis lanjut terhadap 1.912 responden subset baseline data penelitian “Studi Kohort Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular” Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara pada penduduk tetap di kelurahan Kebon Kalapa, Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, Bogor tahun 2012. Diagnosis stroke berdasarkan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan dokter spesialis syaraf. Variabel independen meliputi karakteristik sosiodemografi, status kesehatan dan perilaku berisiko. Data dianalisis dengan uji regresi logistik ganda. Penyakit stroke ditemukan pada 49 (2,6% orang. Determinan utama stroke meliputi hipertensi (OR = 4,20; IK 95% = 2,20 – 8,03, penyakit jantung koroner (OR = 2,74; IK 95% = 1,51 – 4,99, diabetes melitus (OR = 2,89; IK 95% = 1,47 – 5,64, dan status ekonomi miskin (OR = 1,83 ; IK 95% = 1,03 – 3,33. Pencegahan penyakit stroke dilakukan dengan peningkatan edukasi (kampanye/penyuluhan melalui pengendalian faktor risiko utama yaitu hipertensi dan pencegahan terjadinya penyakit degeneratif lain yaitu penyakit jantung koroner dan diabetes melitus. Stroke disease is the leading cause of death and chronic disabi lity in most over the age of 45 years in Indonesia. The aim of study was to identify the major determinants of stroke disease in Kebon Kalapa community in Bogor. A deep analyze was conducted in 1.912 respondents based on the subset of baseline data “Risk Factors Cohort Study of Non Communicable Diseases.” Data was collected by interviews on Kebon Kalapa community, Bogor in 2012. Stroke diagnosis was determined by anamnesis and neu-rological examination with specialist. Independent variables were sociodemographic characteristics, health status and risk behavior

Geen PDCA, maar wat dan?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dr. Everard van Kemenade

2014-01-01

In een aantal eerdere blogs heb ik aangegeven wat de problemen kunnen zijn met de PDCA-cyclus in snel veranderende omgevingen. Plannen pinnen ons te veel vast, de cyclus is te traag, de waarde van meten wordt overschat en de personele factor (hoe krijgen we medewerkers in beweging voor verbetering?)

Valuing Indigenous Knowledge in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea: A Model for Agricultural and Environmental Education

Science.gov (United States)

Radcliffe, Chris; Parissi, Cesidio; Raman, Anantanarayanan

2016-01-01

Current methods of agricultural and environmental education for indigenous farmers in Papua New Guinea (PNG) fail to provide high level engagement. Indigenous knowledge (IK) forms the basis of natural resource management, agriculture and health of farmers in PNG, yet its value to agricultural and environmental education in PNG is rarely…

Veranderende automotive wereld vraagt om verandering onderwijs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

H.J.C. Nas

2011-01-01

Met dit document wil ik de lezer een nieuwe invalshoek tonen op mobiliteit (Driving Guidance) en een andere benadering van automotive hbo onderwijs. De wereld om ons heen verandert en deze nieuwe wereld zal een ander type automotive ingenieur eisen. Dit is een korte weergave van een lezing voor de

Kunnen wij elke machine verslaan? Beschouwingen rondom Lucas’ argument

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Visser, A.

1986-01-01

In dit artikel wil ik niet Anselmus' Argument bespreken maar dat van Lucas -J.R.Lucas om precies to zijn. Lucas' Argument is gericht tegen de dwaas die in zijn hart zei: de mens is een machine. Het argument is kort, maakt gebruik van eenvoudige, maar diepe wiskundige stellingen -de

Prospects and Challenges of Using the Argumentation Instructional Method to Indigenise School Science Teaching

Science.gov (United States)

Moyo, Partson Virira; Kizito, Rita

2014-01-01

Identifying an instructional tool for merging scientific and indigenous knowledge (IK) is problematic as there is no clear guidance on how this can be achieved. Argumentation is recommended as a possible integrative instructional theoretical methodology as it imbues notions of dialogue and persuasion, while at the same time embracing the…

Download this PDF file

African Journals Online (AJOL)

be converted to fixed carbon. PAM fluorometry was ... rETRmax, α (initial slope before the onset of saturation),. Ik (minimum ... ference (HSD) analysis for comparison of means were carried out to test for ... were arcsin (square root) transformed prior to ANOVA analyses. ...... them to respond to fluctuating light regimes in differ-.

Teise samba värinad / Aivar Sõrm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Sõrm, Aivar

2009-01-01

Autori hinnangul ei tähenda II samba maksete külmutamine mitte süsteemi lõppu ega võimalust sellest loobuda, vaid lihtsalt lühiajalist aja mahavõtmist arupidamiseks ja hingetõmbeks. Joonised: 1. Erinevate pensionifondide keskmised tootlused; 2. Teise samba käekäik 2002-2009

"Allakäigu" realistlik tõepära rabab traagilisel moel / Andres Laasik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Laasik, Andres, 1960-2016

2004-01-01

PÖFFi filme - mängufilm Teise maailmasõja viimastest päevadest Berliinis, peategelaseks Adolf Hitler - "Allakäik" ("Der Untergang") : režissöör Oliver Hirschbiegel : Saksamaa 2004. Lisa : Saksa meediast Urmet Koogi tõlgitud lühiintervjuu näitleja Bruno Ganziga "Ma ei parodeerinud Hitlerit"

Benjamin Constant, surveillance en de strijd voor vrijheid en privacy : Vergeten gevoeligheden in een door Jeremy Bentham beïnvloed veiligheidsklimaat

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Hert, Paul; de Hert, P.; Kinneging, A.; Colette, M.

2015-01-01

In deze bijdrage, concentreer ik me op Benjamin Constants (1767-1830) Principes de politique, een meesterwerk van de liberale theorie. In dit werk uit 1810 geeft Constant zelf op verschillende plaatsen aan dat hij geschiedenis aan het schrijven is. Hij is, zo merkt hij op, de eerste om aandacht te

Comparisons in fluctuation of muscle strength and function in patients with immune mediated neuropathy treated with intravenous versus subcutaneous immunoglobulin

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christiansen, Ingelise; Markvardsen, Lars; Jakobsen, Johannes

2018-01-01

: In a prospective, open-label study, patients were changed from monthly IVIg to weekly SCIg. The primary endpoint was variation in isokinetic muscle strength (cIKS). Secondary endpoints were variations in Medical Research Council (MRC) score, grip strength (GS), 9-hole-peg test (9-HPT), and 40-meter-walk test (40...

Vermenselijking van samenwerking heeft de toekomst

NARCIS (Netherlands)

drs. Frans van den Reep

2012-01-01

1e alinea column: Als je heel goed luistert, hoor je zoveel meer... Er valt doorgaans veel meer uit een organisatie te halen. Zowel pret, poen als prestige. Niet vanuit een negatieve motivatie -hoe knijp ik meer uit mijn medewerkers?- maar juist vanuit een positieve. Met name grote bedrijven zien

Targeting CD81 to Prevent Metastases in Breast Cancer

Science.gov (United States)

2015-10-01

height) and/or by bioluminescence using the in vivo optical imaging system ( IVIS 100, Xenogen). Mice were sacrificed when s.c. tumor size reached 2...Hong IK, Byun HJ, Lee J, Jin YJ, Wang SJ, Jeoung DI, et al. The tetraspanin CD81 protein increases melanoma cell motility by up-regulating

Hoe beveiligt u met behulp van firewalls de externe koppelingen?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Luiijf, H.A.M.

1998-01-01

Internet, extranet en intranet zijn begrippen waar niemand meer om heen kan. Dagelijks koppelen nieuwe bedrijven aan het Internet of zetten een eigen intranet op. Steeds meer mensen over de gehele wereld koppelen hun privé PC aan Internet. Toch zijn velen huiverig. Lever ik mij niet uit aan de boze

Some New Lacunary Strong Convergent Vector-Valued Sequence Spaces

OpenAIRE

Mursaleen, M.; Alotaibi, A.; Sharma, Sunil K.

2014-01-01

We introduce some vector-valued sequence spaces defined by a Musielak-Orlicz function and the concepts of lacunary convergence and strong ( $A$ )-convergence, where $A=({a}_{ik})$ is an infinite matrix of complex numbers. We also make an effort to study some topological properties and some inclusion relations between these spaces.

Qumran and apocalyptic. Studies on the Aramaic texts from Qumran

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Garcia Martinez, Florentino

1992-01-01

Het congres over de apocalyptiek in 1979 te Uppsala markeerde ongetwijfeld het einde van een belangrijke fase in de studie van dit complexe verschijnsel. Daar kwam wat ik heb genoemd in het onderzoek van de verhouding tussen Qumràn en de apocalyptiek tot een

Purinergic regulation of CFTR and Ca²⁺ -activated C^l- channels and K⁺ channels in human pancreatic duct epithelium

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wang, Jing; Haanes, Kristian A; Novak, Ivana

2013-01-01

mutated CFTR, basolateral ATP and UTP had negligible effects. In addition to Cl(-) transport in Capan-1 cells, the effects of 5,6-dichloro-1-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one (DC-EBIO) and clotrimazole indicated functional expression of the intermediate conductance K(+) channels (IK, KCa3...

Scirpus lacustrus L. ssp. flevensis Bakker

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bakker, D.

1957-01-01

De ssp. flavensis was tot voor kort alleen bekend van de IJselmeerkust ter hoogte van het Kampereiland en van Schokkerhaven in de Noordoostpolder. In de zomer van 1956 ontdekte ik de plant tevens op een eilandje in het Kadoelermeer hij Vollenhove en aan de rand van een matig voedselrijk veen tussen

Kuidas kantslerist saab euroametnik: Matti Maasika lugu / Matti Maasikas ; intervjueerinud Erkki Bahovski

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Maasikas, Matti

2009-01-01

Välisministeeriumi kantsleri kohalt Brüsselisse Euroopa Komisjoni laienemisvoliniku Olli Rahni kabinetti tööle asunud Matti Maasikas vastab küsimustele, mis puudutavad uuele töökohale asumist, tööülesandeid ning Albaania, Makedoonia ja Montenegro liitumist Euroopa Liiduga. Vt. samas: Lühike ametikäik

Big Data en surveillance, deel 1 : Definities en discussies omtrent Big Data

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Timan, Tjerk

2016-01-01

Naar aanleiding van een (vrij kort) college over surveillance en Big Data, werd me gevraagd iets dieper in te gaan op het thema, definities en verschillende vraagstukken die te maken hebben met big data. In dit eerste deel zal ik proberen e.e.a. uiteen te zetten betreft Big Data theorie en

Hilissügise õhtul : [luuletused] / Ain Väät

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Väät, Ain

2001-01-01

Sisu: Hilissügise õhtul ; Kalalkäik ; Koerailm ; Tasakaal ; Hiirte elu ; Vabaõhukontsert ; Õhtu varestega ; Heliredel ; Noorte kukkede koor ; Lindude kaitseks ; Valge hommik ; Kala mäng ; Siili vatitekk ; Taevane lugu ; Toad on vahel segamini ; Õhtu tuleb ; Õhtul ; Juss sööb õuna ; Sirtsud ; Tõnu jõulusalm

New Bedford, Partial Comments on the New Bedford Remedial Action Plan--Draft Report: September 5, 1983

Science.gov (United States)

2012-04-22

... 11; » A I .11 I'll Ill Jl LI ll'tlll !!]! _C!{ITiqyC_AI'llJj YALUAJJON III mi' KAMI" «I in iii IIII i i. 11in• (I <) 11"'»I (i ' |J'i 11 II l|" i mi in. (' i IK 11 1 L( 1 1 in ' ' iiiiiii ...

Maarja Jakobson teenis "Stiilipeole" auhinna / Tiit Tuumalu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tuumalu, Tiit, 1971-

2005-01-01

Anapas lõppes SRÜ ja Baltimaade XIV avatud filmifestival "Kinoshokk 2005". Žürii andis parima näitlejanna preemia Maarja Jakobsonile tema rolli eest P. Urbla filmis "Stiilipidu". Parima filmi auhinna sai grusiin Levan Tutberidze "Jalutuskäik Mägi-Karabahhis". Lisa : nimekiri Eesti filmidest, mis on varem saanud Anapas auhinna

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Adamu, I.K. Vol 3, No 2 (2008) - Articles Comparative studies on dyeing rate migration and wash fastness properties of azo dyes derived from 2-aminothiazole derivatives on acetate fabrics. Abstract PDF. ISSN: 1597-6343. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors ...

Research Article Special Issue

African Journals Online (AJOL)

pc

2018-04-16

Apr 16, 2018 ... The most important factor in the production of high-quality nickel ... ensures the high quality of the produced galvanic coatings while ... a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the application of .... temperatures - 68-75 oC. ... Properties of solutions of nickel-containing electrolytes for workers ik (A/dm2).

Constraints to the economic activities of women in rural areas ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Despite decades of gender research and public action by civil society, policy makers continue to neglect the rich indigenous knowledge (IK) and the role of women as breadwinners in rural areas. These women have little or no access to economic assets as they are located in poverty-stricken areas lacking in basic ...

Re-discovering indigenous knowledge – Ulwazi Lwemveli for ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Therefore, the imperative to re-discover and re-store IK cannot be underestimated since building on this knowledge is particularly effective in helping to reach those living in rural communities. This knowledge is often the main asset they control, and certainly one with which they are more familiar. The case studies discussed ...

Kırım-Tatar Atasözlerinin Sentaksı Üzerine Bir Araştırma A Syntactic Study On The Crimean Tatar Proverbs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mevlüt GÜLTEKİN

2013-07-01

atasözü cümle bilgisi yönünden ele alınmıştır. Cümle yapıları itibarıyla atasözleri, I. Basit, II. Birleşik, 1. Sıralı, 2. Şart, 3. İç içe ve 4. Girişik cümle, III. Karmaşık cümle yapısındaki atasözleri olarak tasnif edilmek suretiyle incelenmiştir. Basit cümle yapısındaki atasözleri (1-231, yüklemlerinin türüne göre fiil cümleleri, isim cümleleri; anlamlarına göre olumlu, olumsuz ve emir cümleleri olarak gözden geçirilmiştir. Önemli bir bölümü sıralı cümle yapısı gösteren atasözleri (24-61 ise, bağlaçsız ve bağlaçlı sıralı cümleler olarak ikiye ayrılarak incelenmiştir. Şartlı birleşik cümle yapısındaki atasözleri (62-83 de zarf tümleci, özne, nesne, yer tamlayıcısı vb. işlevli olanlar biçiminde ele alınmıştır. İç içe birleşik cümle yapısındaki atasözleri (84-96 ise iç cümleciğin temel cümledeki işlevi esas alınarak ele alınmıştır. Girişik cümle yapısındaki atasözleri (97-150 de: a. isim-fiillerle, b. sıfat-fiillerle, c. zarf-fiillerle kurulan girişik cümle yapısına sahip atasözleri olarak incelenmiştir ve bu yapıların katıldığı birleşik cümlelerdeki işlevlerine de işaret edilmiştir. Makalenin son bölümünde ise karmaşık cümle yapısındaki (151-168 atasözleri ele alınmıştır.

Argumentation and indigenous knowledge: socio-historical influences in contextualizing an argumentation model in South African schools

Science.gov (United States)

Gallard Martínez, Alejandro J.

2011-09-01

This forum considers argumentation as a means of science teaching in South African schools, through the integration of indigenous knowledge (IK). It addresses issues raised in Mariana G. Hewson and Meshach B. Ogunniyi's paper entitled: Argumentation-teaching as a method to introduce indigenous knowledge into science classrooms: opportunities and challenges. As well as Peter Easton's: Hawks and baby chickens: cultivating the sources of indigenous science education; and, Femi S. Otulaja, Ann Cameron and Audrey Msimanga's: Rethinking argumentation-teaching strategies and indigenous knowledge in South African science classrooms. The first topic addressed is that implementation of argumentation in the science classroom becomes a complex endeavor when the tensions between students' IK, the educational infrastructure (allowance for teacher professional development, etc.) and local belief systems are made explicit. Secondly, western styles of debate become mitigating factors because they do not always adequately translate to South African culture. For example, in many instances it is more culturally acceptable in South Africa to build consensus than to be confrontational. Thirdly, the tension between what is "authentic science" and what is not becomes an influencing factor when a tension is created between IK and western science. Finally, I argue that the thrust of argumentation is to set students up as "scientist-students" who will be considered through a deficit model by judging their habitus and cultural capital. Explicitly, a "scientist-student" is a student who has "learned," modeled and thoroughly assimilated the habits of western scientists, evidently—and who will be judged by and held accountable for their demonstration of explicit related behaviors in the science classroom. I propose that science teaching, to include argumentation, should consist of "listening carefully" (radical listening) to students and valuing their language, culture, and learning as a model

Spatial Characteristics of Geothermal Spring Temperatures and Discharge Rates in the Tatun Volcanic Area, Taiwan

Science.gov (United States)

Jang, C. S.; Liu, C. W.

2014-12-01

The Tatun volcanic area is the only potential volcanic geothermal region in the Taiwan island, and abundant in hot spring resources owing to stream water mixing with fumarolic gases. According to the Meinzer's classification, spring temperatures and discharge rates are the most important properties for characterizing spring classifications. This study attempted to spatially characterize spring temperatures and discharge rates in the Tatun volcanic area, Taiwanusing indicator kriging (IK). First, data on spring temperatures and discharge rates, which were collected from surveyed data of the Taipei City Government, were divided into high, moderate and low categories according to spring classification criteria, and the various categories were regarded as estimation thresholds. Then, IK was adopted to model occurrence probabilities of specified temperatures and discharge rates in springs, and to determine their classifications based on estimated probabilities. Finally, nine combinations were obtained from the classifications of temperatures and discharge rates in springs. Moreover, the combinations and features of spring water were spatially quantified according to seven sub-zones of spring utilization. A suitable and sustainable development strategy of the spring area was proposed in each sub-zone based on probability-based combinations and features of spring water.The research results reveal that the probability-based classifications using IK provide an excellent insight in exploring the uncertainty of spatial features in springs, and can provide Taiwanese government administrators with detailed information on sustainable spring utilization and conservation in the overexploited spring tourism areas. The sub-zones BT (Beitou), RXY (Rd. Xingyi), ZSL (Zhongshanlou) and LSK (Lengshuikeng) with high or moderate discharge rates are suitable to supply spring water for tourism hotels.Local natural hot springs should be planned in the sub-zones DBT (Dingbeitou), ZSL, XYK

Scientific progress report 2 - 1975

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1975-01-01

The work in the field of radiation chemistry was carried out in the year 1975 in the following work groups: Pulsed radiolysis (P), reaction kinematics (RK), and insulators and synthetics (IK). Continuing running research work, the groups P and IK together used the electron accelerator (16 MeV linear accelerator and 1.5 MeV Van de Graaff generator) as well as a laser flash irradiation apparatus (Rubin laser). The new electron accelerator for the nanosecond region ELBENA was installed. Test runs were started. Furthermore, two additional pulsable laser devices were acquired (one of these for work in the picosecond region), which are to be put in operation in 1976. The main topic of investigation in the work group P was the solving of complex reaction mechanisms and the determination of physical-chemical properties of short-lived intermediary products in the investigation of biologically relevant and micelle systems. The problems worked on are partly closely related to problems concerning the photochemical use of solar energy. This involves, e.g., the light-induced reduction of metal ions and the photoionization in micelle systems. The work group RK continued work on elastic, inelastic and reactive scattering processes between ions and molecules as well as electron transfer processes between atoms and molecules. The problems investigated are of fundamental importance to the understanding of chemical elementary processes in the gas phase relevant to procedures in space. The work group IK concentrate on studies for the production and transport of charge carriers in hydrocarbons and liquidized noble gases; amongst others, the electron mobility in short chain paraffins and polyethylene was investigated. A further main topic of investigation was the decomposition of polymers which, amongst others, brought considerable knowledge on the motion of macromolecules and a new method of detecting the preferential solvation of macrolecules. (orig.) [de

Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)bisphosphate inhibits K+-efflux channel activity in NT1 tobacco cultured cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Xiaohong; Shor, Oded; Diminshtein, Sofia; Yu, Ling; Im, Yang Ju; Perera, Imara; Lomax, Aaron; Boss, Wendy F; Moran, Nava

2009-02-01

In the animal world, the regulation of ion channels by phosphoinositides (PIs) has been investigated extensively, demonstrating a wide range of channels controlled by phosphatidylinositol (4,5)bisphosphate (PtdInsP2). To understand PI regulation of plant ion channels, we examined the in planta effect of PtdInsP2 on the K+-efflux channel of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), NtORK (outward-rectifying K channel). We applied a patch clamp in the whole-cell configuration (with fixed "cytosolic" Ca2+ concentration and pH) to protoplasts isolated from cultured tobacco cells with genetically manipulated plasma membrane levels of PtdInsP2 and cellular inositol (1,4,5)trisphosphate: "Low PIs" had depressed levels of these PIs, and "High PIs" had elevated levels relative to controls. In all of these cells, K channel activity, reflected in the net, steady-state outward K+ currents (IK), was inversely related to the plasma membrane PtdInsP2 level. Consistent with this, short-term manipulations decreasing PtdInsP2 levels in the High PIs, such as pretreatment with the phytohormone abscisic acid (25 microM) or neutralizing the bath solution from pH 5.6 to pH 7, increased IK (i.e. NtORK activity). Moreover, increasing PtdInsP2 levels in controls or in abscisic acid-treated high-PI cells, using the specific PI-phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 (2.5-4 microM), decreased NtORK activity. In all cases, IK decreases stemmed largely from decreased maximum attainable NtORK channel conductance and partly from shifted voltage dependence of channel gating to more positive potentials, making it more difficult to activate the channels. These results are consistent with NtORK inhibition by the negatively charged PtdInsP2 in the internal plasma membrane leaflet. Such effects are likely to underlie PI signaling in intact plant cells.

Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate is required for KCNQ1/KCNE1 channel function but not anterograde trafficking.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alice A Royal

Full Text Available The slow delayed-rectifier potassium current (IKs is crucial for human cardiac action potential repolarization. The formation of IKs requires co-assembly of the KCNQ1 α-subunit and KCNE1 β-subunit, and mutations in either of these subunits can lead to hereditary long QT syndrome types 1 and 5, respectively. It is widely recognised that the KCNQ1/KCNE1 (Q1/E1 channel requires phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2 binding for function. We previously identified a cluster of basic residues in the proximal C-terminus of KCNQ1 that form a PIP2/phosphoinositide binding site. Upon charge neutralisation of these residues we found that the channel became more retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, which raised the possibility that channel-phosphoinositide interactions could play a role in channel trafficking. To explore this further we used a chemically induced dimerization (CID system to selectively deplete PIP2 and/or phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4P at the plasma membrane (PM or Golgi, and we subsequently monitored the effects on both channel trafficking and function. The depletion of PIP2 and/or PI(4P at either the PM or Golgi did not alter channel cell-surface expression levels. However, channel function was extremely sensitive to the depletion of PIP2 at the PM, which is in contrast to the response of other cardiac potassium channels tested (Kir2.1 and Kv11.1. Surprisingly, when using the CID system IKs was dramatically reduced even before dimerization was induced, highlighting limitations regarding the utility of this system when studying processes highly sensitive to PIP2 depletion. In conclusion, we identify that the Q1/E1 channel does not require PIP2 or PI(4P for anterograde trafficking, but is heavily reliant on PIP2 for channel function once at the PM.

Low-intensity interval exercise training attenuates coronary vascular dysfunction and preserves Ca2+-sensitive K+ current in miniature swine with LV hypertrophy

Science.gov (United States)

Tharp, Darla L.; Ivey, Jan R.; Ganjam, Venkataseshu K.; Bowles, Douglas K.

2011-01-01

Coronary vascular dysfunction has been observed in several models of heart failure (HF). Recent evidence indicates that exercise training is beneficial for patients with HF, but the precise intensity and underlying mechanisms are unknown. Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy can play a significant role in the development of HF; therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of low-intensity interval exercise training on coronary vascular function in sedentary (HF) and exercise trained (HF-TR) aortic-banded miniature swine displaying LV hypertrophy. Six months postsurgery, in vivo coronary vascular responses to endothelin-1 (ET-1) and adenosine were measured in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Baseline and maximal coronary vascular conductance were similar between all groups. ET-1-induced reductions in coronary vascular conductance (P < 0.05) were greater in HF vs. sedentary control and HF-TR groups. Pretreatment with the ET type A (ETA) receptor blocker BQ-123 prevented ET-1 hypersensitivity in HF animals. Whole cell voltage clamp was used to characterize composite K+ currents (IK+) in coronary smooth muscle cells. Raising internal Ca2+ from 200 to 500 nM increased Ca2+-sensitive K+ current in HF-TR and control, but not HF animals. In conclusion, an ETA-receptor-mediated hypersensitivity to ET-1, elevated resting LV wall tension, and decreased coronary smooth muscle cell Ca2+-sensitive IK+ was found in sedentary animals with LV hypertrophy. Low-intensity interval exercise training preserved normal coronary vascular function and smooth muscle cell Ca2+-sensitive IK+, illustrating a potential mechanism underlying coronary vascular dysfunction in a large-animal model of LV hypertrophy. Our results demonstrate the potential clinical impact of exercise on coronary vascular function in HF patients displaying pathological LV hypertrophy. PMID:21841018

Low-intensity interval exercise training attenuates coronary vascular dysfunction and preserves Ca²⁺-sensitive K⁺ current in miniature swine with LV hypertrophy.

Science.gov (United States)

Emter, Craig A; Tharp, Darla L; Ivey, Jan R; Ganjam, Venkataseshu K; Bowles, Douglas K

2011-10-01

Coronary vascular dysfunction has been observed in several models of heart failure (HF). Recent evidence indicates that exercise training is beneficial for patients with HF, but the precise intensity and underlying mechanisms are unknown. Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy can play a significant role in the development of HF; therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of low-intensity interval exercise training on coronary vascular function in sedentary (HF) and exercise trained (HF-TR) aortic-banded miniature swine displaying LV hypertrophy. Six months postsurgery, in vivo coronary vascular responses to endothelin-1 (ET-1) and adenosine were measured in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Baseline and maximal coronary vascular conductance were similar between all groups. ET-1-induced reductions in coronary vascular conductance (P < 0.05) were greater in HF vs. sedentary control and HF-TR groups. Pretreatment with the ET type A (ET(A)) receptor blocker BQ-123 prevented ET-1 hypersensitivity in HF animals. Whole cell voltage clamp was used to characterize composite K(+) currents (I(K(+))) in coronary smooth muscle cells. Raising internal Ca(2+) from 200 to 500 nM increased Ca(2+)-sensitive K(+) current in HF-TR and control, but not HF animals. In conclusion, an ET(A)-receptor-mediated hypersensitivity to ET-1, elevated resting LV wall tension, and decreased coronary smooth muscle cell Ca(2+)-sensitive I(K(+)) was found in sedentary animals with LV hypertrophy. Low-intensity interval exercise training preserved normal coronary vascular function and smooth muscle cell Ca(2+)-sensitive I(K(+)), illustrating a potential mechanism underlying coronary vascular dysfunction in a large-animal model of LV hypertrophy. Our results demonstrate the potential clinical impact of exercise on coronary vascular function in HF patients displaying pathological LV hypertrophy.

Inhibition of the cardiac ATP-dependent potassium current by KB-R7943.

Science.gov (United States)

Abramochkin, Denis V; Vornanen, Matti

2014-09-01

KB-R7943 (2-[2-[4-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl]isothiourea) was developed as a specific inhibitor of the sarcolemmal sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) with potential experimental and therapeutic use. However, in cardiomyocytes KB-R7943 also effectively blocks several K(+) currents including the delayed rectifier, IKr, and background inward rectifier, IK1. In the present study we analyze the effects of KB-R7943 on the ATP-dependent potassium current (IKATP) recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp in ventricular cardiomyocytes from a mammal (mouse) and a fish (crucian carp). IKATP was induced by external application of a mitochondrial uncoupler CCCP (3×10(-7) M) and internal perfusion of the cell with ATP-free pipette solution. A weakly inwardly rectifying current with a large outward component, recorded in the presence of CCCP, was blocked with 10(-5) M glibenclamide by 56.1±4.6% and 56.9±3.6% in crucian carp and mouse ventricular myocytes, respectively. In fish cardiomyocytes IKATP was blocked by KB-R7943 with an IC50 value of 3.14×10(-7) M, while in mammalian cells IC50 was 2.8×10(-6) M (PKB-R7943 inhibited CCCP-induced IKATP by 99.9±0.13% and 97.5±1.2% in crucian carp and mouse ventricular myocytes, respectively. In crucian carp the IKATP is about an order of magnitude more sensitive to KB-R7943 than the background IK1, but in mammals IKATP and IK1 are almost equally sensitive to KB-R7943. Therefore, the ability of KB-R7943 to block IKATP should be taken into account together with INCX inhibition when investigating possible cardioprotective effects of this compound. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Ion transport in a human lens epithelial cell line exposed to hyposmotic and apoptotic stress.

Science.gov (United States)

Chimote, Ameet A; Adragna, Norma C; Lauf, Peter K

2010-04-01

Membrane transport changes in human lens epithelial (HLE-B3) cells under hyposmotic and apoptotic stress were compared. Cell potassium content, K(i), uptake of the K congener rubidium, Rb(i), and water content were measured after hyposmotic stress induced by hypotonicity, and apoptotic stress by the protein-kinase inhibitor staurosporine (STP). Cell water increased in hyposmotic (150 mOsm) as compared to isosmotic (300 mOsm) balanced salt solution (BSS) by >2-fold at 5 min and decreased within 15 min to baseline values accompanied by a 40% K(i) loss commensurate with cell swelling and subsequent cell shrinkage likely due to regulatory volume decrease (RVD). Loss of K(i), and accompanying water, and Rb(i) uptake in hyposmotic BSS were prevented by clotrimazole (CTZ) suggesting water shifts associated with K and Rb flux via intermediate conductance K (IK) channels, also detected at the mRNA and protein level. In contrast, 2 h after 2 microM STP exposure, the cells lost approximately 40% water and approximately 60% K(i), respectively, consistent with apoptotic volume decrease (AVD). Indeed, water and K(i) loss was at least fivefold greater after hyposmotic than after apoptotic stress. High extracellular K and 2 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) but not CTZ significantly reduced apoptosis. Annexin labeling phosphatidylserine (PS) at 15 min suggested loss of lipid asymmetry. Quantitative PCR revealed significant IK channel expression during prolonged hyposmotic stress. Results suggest in HLE-B3 cells, IK channels likely partook in and were down regulated after RVD, whereas pro-apoptotic STP-activation of 4-AP-sensitive voltage-gated K channels preceded or accompanied PS externalization before subsequent apoptosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 223: 110-122, 2010. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 37 of 37 ... B.M Campbell, E. Chuma, P. Frost, A. Mandondo, B. Sithole. Vol 72 (1998): Supplement, Introduction of improved fallows of Sesbania and pigeon pea under a maize stand. Abstract. C. Nyakanda, I.K. Mariga, B.H. Dzowela, H. Murwira, N. Tinofireyi. Vol 72 (1998): Supplement, Nutrient balances in improved ...

Annual report on nuclear physics activities July 1, 1983 - June 30, 1984

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fries, D.C.; Matussek, P.; Weddigen, C.

1984-10-01

This report surveys the activities in fundamental research from July 1, 1983 to June 30, 1984 at the Institute for Nuclear Physics (IK) of the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe. The research program of this institute comprises laser spectroscopy, nuclear reactions with light ions, neutron physics, neutrino physics and physics at medium and higher energies. (orig.) [de

Annual report on nuclear physics activities. July 1, 1985 - June 30, 1986

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bueche, G.; Doll, P.; Friedrich, L.

1986-12-01

This report surveys the activities in basic research from July 1, 1985 to June 30, 1986 at the Institute for Nuclear Physics (IK) of the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe. The research program of this institute comprises laser spectroscopy, nuclear reactions with light ions, neutron physics, neutrino physics and physics at medium and high energies. (orig.) [de

SEROPREVALENCE OF HBsAg AMONG PATIENTS WITH FEBRILE ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

USER

2015-06-01

Jun 1, 2015 ... Nigerian journal of parasitology. 29:38–41. Mazie, J.B., Barcus, T.T., Nicholas, J.W., Kantilaras,. J., Schwartz, I.K., Andrew, C. and Baird,. J.K. (2002). Hepatitis B infection and severe plasmodium falciparum malaria in. Vietnamese adults: American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 66(2), 140-. 142.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Zubairu, IK. Vol 4, No 1 (2011) - Articles Appraisal of the Performance of Contingency Cost Provision for Building Projects in Nigeria Abstract PDF. ISSN: 1596-6035. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors · FAQ's · More about AJOL · AJOL's Partners · Terms and ...

Rural Alaska Mentoring Project (RAMP)

Science.gov (United States)

Cash, Terry

2011-01-01

For over two years the National Dropout Prevention Center (NDPC) at Clemson University has been supporting the Lower Kuskokwim School District (LKSD) in NW Alaska with their efforts to reduce high school dropout in 23 remote Yup'ik Eskimo villages. The Rural Alaska Mentoring Project (RAMP) provides school-based E-mentoring services to 164…

K-poliitik tõrjub bordelli pidamise süüdistusi / Koit Brinkmann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Brinkmann, Koit

2008-01-01

Tallinna linnavolikogu eelmise koosseisu korrakaitsekomisjoni esimees Richard Sikku süüdistatakse lõbumaja pidamises. Vt. samas: Sikk: püksinööbist ei hoia keegi kinni; Külaskäik väidetavasse lõbumajja; Aktiivne osalemine poliitikaelus tuleb äritegevusele pigem kahjuks; Mis on mis. Kommenteerib Põhja politseiprefektuuri kriminaalosakonna politseidirektor Eerik Heldna

Wie heeft de prijs gewonnen?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bas Jongenelen

2012-01-01

In 1524 publiceert Jan van Doesborch een bundel met refereynen. Een ervan gaat over een schetenwedstrijd tussen begijnen. Dit refereyn heb ik op 16e-eeuwse wijze voorgedragen op 21e-eeuwse muziek: http://itunes.apple.com/nl/album/wie-heeft-de-prijs-gewonnen-1/id512331302?i=512331322&ign-mpt=uo%3D4

Kae kunstnikku! / Harry Liivrand, Margit Tõnson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Liivrand, Harry, 1961-

2007-01-01

Filmiajaloo kümme parimat filmi kunstnikest: Vincente Minnelli "Elujanu", Peter Webber "Tütarlaps pärlkõrvarõngaga", Andrei Tarkovski "Andrei Rubljov", Julie Taymor "Frida", James Ivory "Picasso: looja ja hävitaja", Ed Harris "Pollock", Julian Schnabel "Basquiat", Konrad Wolf "Goya ehk tunnetuse salakaval tee", Raoul Ruiz "Klimt", Oliver Hirschbiegel "Allakäik"

Fabrika kukolnõhh grjoz / Svetlana Karabut

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karabut, Svetlana

2008-01-01

Külaskäik Nukufilmi stuudiosse Niine tänaval. Stuudiot tutvustab produtsent Kerdi Oengo, jälgitakse kuidas valmib lõik filmile "Lili Marleen" (Marili Toome ja Ulvi Tiidu käe all). Rao Heidmets kommenteerib oma filmi "Kaasasündinud kohustused" võttetehnikat ja põhjendab miks valmivad stuudios just lühianimafilmid

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

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23 juli 2008 ... de vier Sepedi-vertelsters uit het township Gapane die op 8 september 2006 afzakten naar het Inzana plaasschooltje in Tzaneen, Zuid-Afrika. De bibliothecaris en het school- hoofd hebben de oude vertelsters uit de omgeving laten weten dat ik de orale verha- len wil opnemen die ze als meisjes hoorden ...

Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation Factor ERLIN2: Oncogenic Roles and Molecular Targeting of Breast Cancer

Science.gov (United States)

2013-06-01

S Hong, KG Park, IK Lee, CS Choi, RW Hanson, HS Choi and SH Koo. Regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis by an ER-bound tran- scription factor...cytoplasmic free Ca2+ without generation of inositol phos- phates in NG115-401L neuronal cells. Bio- chem J 1988; 253: 81-86. [17] Y Sagara and G

Response of Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B to genotypes of pepper Capsicum annuum (Solanales: Solanaceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Ballina-Gomez, H; Ruiz-Sanchez, E; Chan-Cupul, W; Latournerie-Moreno, L; Hernández-Alvarado, L; Islas-Flores, I; Zuñiga-Aguilar, J J

2013-04-01

Bemisia tabaci Genn. biotype B is a widely distributed plant pest that represents one of the major constraints for horticultural crop production. The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the oviposition preference, survivorship, and development of B. tabaci biotype B on semi-cultivated genotypes of Capsicum annuum from southeast Mexico. In free-choice experiments to evaluate the oviposition preference, lower number of eggs laid by B. tabaci biotype B was observed in the genotypes Maax and Xcat´ik relative to that in the commercial genotype Parado. Egg hatchability was significantly lower in Pico Paloma, Bolita, Blanco, Chawa, Payaso, and Xcat´ik than in the rest of the genotypes, including the commercial genotype Jalapeño. Likewise, survivorship of nymphs was significantly lower in Pico Paloma, Bolita, and Blanco than in the remaining genotypes. Nymph developmental time and the period of development from egg to adult were the shortest in Amaxito. Therefore, sources of resistance to B. tabaci biotype B by antibiosis (accumulation of plant defense compounds) might be found in the semi-cultivated genotypes Pico Paloma, Bolita, and Blanco.

Antibody constant region peptides can display immunomodulatory activity through activation of the Dectin-1 signalling pathway.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elena Gabrielli

Full Text Available We previously reported that a synthetic peptide with sequence identical to a CDR of a mouse monoclonal antibody specific for difucosyl human blood group A exerted an immunomodulatory activity on murine macrophages. It was therapeutic against systemic candidiasis without possessing direct candidacidal properties. Here we demonstrate that a selected peptide, N10K, putatively deriving from the enzymatic cleavage of the constant region (Fc of human IgG(1, is able to induce IL-6 secretion and pIkB-α activation. More importantly, it causes an up-regulation of Dectin-1 expression. This leads to an increased activation of β-glucan-induced pSyk, CARD9 and pIkB-α, and an increase in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β and TNF-α. The increased activation of this pathway coincides with an augmented phagocytosis of non opsonized Candida albicans cells by monocytes. The findings suggest that some Fc-peptides, potentially deriving from the proteolysis of immunoglobulins, may cause an unexpected immunoregulation in a way reminiscent of innate immunity molecules.

Cerebellum-inspired neural network solution of the inverse kinematics problem.

Science.gov (United States)

Asadi-Eydivand, Mitra; Ebadzadeh, Mohammad Mehdi; Solati-Hashjin, Mehran; Darlot, Christian; Abu Osman, Noor Azuan

2015-12-01

The demand today for more complex robots that have manipulators with higher degrees of freedom is increasing because of technological advances. Obtaining the precise movement for a desired trajectory or a sequence of arm and positions requires the computation of the inverse kinematic (IK) function, which is a major problem in robotics. The solution of the IK problem leads robots to the precise position and orientation of their end-effector. We developed a bioinspired solution comparable with the cerebellar anatomy and function to solve the said problem. The proposed model is stable under all conditions merely by parameter determination, in contrast to recursive model-based solutions, which remain stable only under certain conditions. We modified the proposed model for the simple two-segmented arm to prove the feasibility of the model under a basic condition. A fuzzy neural network through its learning method was used to compute the parameters of the system. Simulation results show the practical feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model in robotics. The main advantage of the proposed model is its generalizability and potential use in any robot.

[Effects of vitamin K3 on the contractile activity of the colonic smooth muscles of guinea pig through the calcium activated potassium channel].

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Jun; Luo, He-sheng; He, Xiao-gu

2006-07-25

To study the mechanism of relaxation of gastrointestinal smooth muscles by vitamin K(3). Stripes of proximal colon were collected from guinea pigs. Suspension of single cells was created from these stripes. TD-112S transducer was used to measure the contraction of the stripes stimulated by vitamin K(3) of the concentrations of 40, 100, 400, and 800 micromol/L respectively. The Ca(2+)-activated K(+) current [IK(Ca)] of the cytomembrane of the colon smooth muscle was recorded with an EPC 10 amplifier under conventional whole cell patterns. The contraction frequencies of the muscle stripes stimulated by vitamin K(3) of the concentrations of 40, 100, 400, and 800 micromol/L were 79% +/- 4%, 58% +/- 5%, 33% +/- 4%, and 12% +/- 3% respectively of that of the control group (all P Vitamin K(3) inhibits the contractile activity of the colonic muscle stripes and increases the IK(Ca) of single myocytes concentration-dependently. The mechanism is activation of the Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel, thus promoting the potassium efflux.

Comparisons in fluctuation of muscle strength and function in patients with immune-mediated neuropathy treated with intravenous versus subcutaneous immunoglobulin.

Science.gov (United States)

Christiansen, Ingelise; Markvardsen, Lars H; Jakobsen, Johannes

2018-04-01

Variations in muscle strength and function have not been studied in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and multifocal motor neuropathy whose treatment regimen has been changed from intravenous to subcutaneous immunoglobulin (IVIg to SCIg). In a prospective, open-label study, patients were changed from monthly IVIg to weekly SCIg. The primary endpoint was variation in isokinetic muscle strength (cIKS). Secondary endpoints were variations in Medical Research Council (MRC) score, grip strength (GS), 9-hole-peg test (9-HPT), and 40-meter-walk test (40-MWT). The coefficient of variance of cIKS during the IVIg and SCIg treatment periods was unchanged (mean ± SD: 6.97 ± 4.83% vs. 5.50 ± 3.13%, P = 0.21). The variations in the 9-HPT and 40-MWT were significantly lower in the SCIg group (P = 0.01 and P = 0.005, respectively). When therapy was changed from IVIg to SCIg, fluctuation of muscle strength was unchanged, but performance fluctuations were diminished. Muscle Nerve 57: 610-614, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Novel RuCoSe as non-platinum catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in microbial fuel cells

Science.gov (United States)

Rozenfeld, Shmuel; Schechter, Michal; Teller, Hanan; Cahan, Rivka; Schechter, Alex

2017-09-01

Microbial electrochemical cells (MECs) are explored for the conversion of acetate directly to electrical energy. This device utilizes a Geobacter sulfurreducens anode and a novel RuCoSe air cathode. RuCoSe synthesized in selected compositions by a borohydride reduction method produces amorphous structures of powdered agglomerates. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was measured in a phosphate buffer solution pH 7 using a rotating disc electrode (RDE), from which the kinetic current (ik) was measured as a function of potential and composition. The results show that ik of RuxCoySe catalysts increases in the range of XRu = 0.25 > x > 0.7 and y < 0.15 for all tested potentials. A poisoning study of RuCoSe and Pt catalysts in a high concentration acetate solution shows improved tolerance of RuCoSe to this fuel at acetate concentration ≥500 mM. MEC discharge plots under physiological conditions show that ∼ RuCo2Se (sample S3) has a peak power density of 750 mW cm-2 which is comparable with Pt 900 mW cm-2.

Resistance training and aerobic training improve muscle strength and aerobic capacity in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.

Science.gov (United States)

Markvardsen, Lars H; Overgaard, Kristian; Heje, Karen; Sindrup, Søren H; Christiansen, Ingelise; Vissing, John; Andersen, Henning

2018-01-01

We investigated the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Eighteen CIDP patients treated with subcutaneous immunoglobulin performed 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and 12 weeks of resistance exercise after a run-in period of 12 weeks without exercise. Three times weekly the participants performed aerobic exercise on an ergometer bike or resistance exercise with unilateral training of knee and elbow flexion/extension. Primary outcomes were maximal oxygen consumption velocity (VO 2 -max) and maximal combined isokinetic muscle strength (cIKS) of knee and elbow flexion/extension. VO 2 -max and muscle strength were unchanged during run-in (-4.9% ± 10.3%, P = 0.80 and -3.7% ± 10.1%, P = 0.17, respectively). Aerobic exercise increased VO 2 -max by 11.0% ± 14.7% (P = 0.02). Resistance exercise resulted in an increase of 13.8% ± 16.0% (P = 0.0004) in cIKS. Aerobic exercise training and resistance exercise training improve fitness and strength in CIDP patients. Muscle Nerve 57: 70-76, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.