Optimization of monitoring sewage with radionuclide contaminants. Optimizatsiya kontroya stochnykh vod, zagryaznennykh radionuklidami

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Egorov, V N [Vsesoyuznyj Nauchno-Issledovatel' skij Inst. Neorganicheskikh Materialov, Moscow (Russian Federation)

1991-03-01

Recommendations on optimization of monitoring contaminated sewage aimed at enviromental protection agxinst radioactive contamination at minimum cost are presented. The way of selecting water sampling technique depends on water composition stability and flow rate. Depending on the type of radionuclide distribution in the sewage one can estimate minimum frequency of sampling or number of samples sufficient for assuring reliability of the conclusion on the excess or non-excess of permissible radioactive contamination levels, as well as analysis assigned accuracy. By irregular contaminated sewage-discharge and possibility of short-term releases of different form and duration, sampling should be accomplished through automatic devices of continuons or periodic operation.

Abstracts of papers of international meeting `Ecological status of territories contaminated by radionuclides`; Tezisy dokladov mezhdunarodnogo rabochego soveshchaniya `Ehkologicheskij status zagryaznennykh radionuklidami territorij`

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konoplya, E F [ed.; Natsyyanal` naya akadehmiya navuk Belarusi, Minsk (Belarus)

1995-04-01

The collection contains the results of investigations implemented on the territories of Belarus, Ukraine and Russia within the realization of the Chernobyl Ecological Science Network: dynamics of radionuclides migration in the environment, state of phytocenosis, metabolic and genetic effects of the Chernobyl catastrophe.

An analysis of the efficiency of countermeasures intended to decrease radiation doses for population in radiologically contaminated territories.; Analiz ehffektivnosti kontrmer po snizheniyu doz oblucheniya naseleniya, prozhivayushchego na radioaktivno zagryaznennykh territoriyakh.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kretinin, A V; Landin, A F [Naukovo-Tekhnyichnij Tsentr z dezaktivatsyiyi ta kompleksnogo povodzhennya z radyioaktivnimi vyidkhodami, Zhovtyi Vodi (Ukraine)

1994-12-31

Efficiency of decontamination measures in settlements contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl disaster (exemplified by the Kiev and Zhitomir Regions) is analyzed. Specific and total expenditures for decontamination of a single farm-stead and of a settlement on the whole are described. Estimation of a decrease in the external equivalent radiation dose of population as a result of decontamination measures undertaken is presented.

Production of Strontium-90 Thermal Power Sources; Fabrication de sources d'energie thermique au strontium-90; Proizvodstvo istochnikov ''teplovoj ehnergii iz Sr''9''0; Preparacion de fuentes de energia termica con estroncio-90

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cochran, J. S.; Bloom, J. L.; Schneider, A. [Martin Company, Nuclear Division, Baltimore 3, MD (United States)

1963-11-15

rajonakh. V ehtom smysle Sr{sup 90} priobretaet bol'shoe znachenie iz-za ego shirokoj dostupnosti, aktivnosti i toj sravnitel'noj legkosti, s kotoroj ego mozhno prevrashchat' v kompaktnye istochniki tepla. Generatory, rabotayushchie na Sr{sup 90} sluzhat v kachestve istochnikov pitaniya avtomaticheskikh meteorologicheskikh i navigatsionnykh stantsij; rassmatrivaetsya vozmozhnost' primeneniya Sr{sup 90} v kachestve istochnika ehnergii dlya dvigatelej kosmicheskikh korablej. Pri sravnitel'noj otsenke ryada strontsievykh soedinenij okazalos', chto naibolee tselesoobrazno ispol'zovat' titanat, tak kak on obladaet naibolee tsennymi svojstvami. Sr{sup 90}, otdelennyj ot drugikh produktov deleniya, ochishchaetsya do trebuemoj stepeni chistoty na predpriyatii Komissii po atomnoj ehnergii SSHA v Khehnforde i trasportiruetsya v vide karbonata v ''gorya- chuyu'' kameru(firmy ''Martin''), gde prevrashchaetsya v granulirovannyj titanat. V ehtom protsesse ispol'zuetsya distantsionnoe upravlenie, analogichnoe primenyaemomu v obychnom khimicheskom i keramicheskom proizvodstve. Granuly, zaklyuchennye v kapsuly, pomeshchayutsya v kontejnery tipa ''Khastellou C'' dlya primeneniya v ehnergeticheskikh ustanovkakh s termoehlektricheskim preobrazovaniem ehnergii. Zdes' prikhoditsya stalkivat'sya s neobychnymi ehkspluatatsionnymi problemami, tak kak bol'shie kolichestva obrabatyvaemogo Sr{sup 90} (milliony kyuri v god) obladayut strashnoj radioaktivnost'yu i sozdayut opasnost' zarazheniya. Opisano ustrojstvo prisposoblenij, oborudovaniya, kharakterizuyutsya tekhnologiya i tekhnika bezopasnosti. Opisyvayutsya dannye opyta, priobretennogo vo vremya nedavnej pererabotki pervykh 250 000 kyuri Sr{sup 90} v toplivo dlya generatora SNAP-7 (yadernaya batareya). Privodyatsya takzhe dannye po germetizatsii granul v kontejnerakh, po kalorimetrii, dezaktivatsii i metodike udaleniya otkhodov. (author)

Preliminary Studies of the Field Movement of the Olive Fruit Fly (Dacus Oleae Gmel,) by Labelling a Natural Population with Radioactive Phosphorus (P{sup 32}); Etudes preijminaires sur les deplacements de la mouche de l'olive (Dacus Oleae Gmel. ) par marquage d'une population naturelle au radiophosphore ({sup 32}P); Predvaritel'noe issledovanie polevogo peremeshcheniya olivkovoj fruktovoj mukhi (Dacus Oleae Gmel.) posredstvom mecheniya estestvennoj populyatsii radioaktivnym fosforom (P{sup 32}).; Estudio preliminar de la dispersion de moscas del ouvo (Dacus Oleae Gmel. ) mediante la marcacion de poblaciones naturales con {sup 32}p.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pelekassis, Constantine E.D.; Mourikos, P. A.; Bantzios, D. N. [Economic Entomology Laboratory, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens (Greece)

1963-09-15

pinos actuan de barrera para los adultos de la Dacus oleae. (author) [Russian] Provedeny predvaritel'nye ehksperimenty dlya polucheniya pervykh dannykh o polevom peremeshchenii olivkovoj fruktovoj mukhi Dacus oleae (Gmel.). Ehksperimenty byli provedeny v rajone proizrastaniya oliv v Rovnee, Ehvina, Gretsiya, v techenie oseni 1961 goda, kogda obychno nablyudaetsya maksimal'naya aktivnost' vzroslykh osobej mukhi. Dlya mecheniya estestvennykh populyatsij vzroslykh osobej byl prigotovlen sostav Stehli j 7, sostoyashchij iz smesi P{sup 32} v vide H{sub 3}P{sup 32}O{sub 4} v solyanoj kislote i v gidroliehate belka. 14 oktyabrya 1961 goda vetvi 30 olivkovykh derev'ev, vybrannykh na polugornoj olivkovoj plantatsii v Rovnee, byli obrabotany rastvorom primanki, mechennoj P{sup 32}. Dlya otlova mukh ispol'zovalis' 500 lovushek Makfehjla s 3% diammonijfosfata v kachestve' pri manki. Lovushki byli rasstavleny v olivkovykh roshchakh vsego rajona Rovnee, a takkhe v sosednikh rajonakh (v lesakh i v olivkovykh roshchakh)na rasstoyanii do 10 km ot mechenykh derev'ev. Bylo sobrano 350 mechenykh mukh oboikh polov v 48 lovushkakh vo vremya 15 proverok lovushek v period mezhdu 15 oktyabrya i 16 noyabrya. Mechenye mukhi, pojmannye s 1 po 35 den' posle obrabotki derev'ev indikatorom, sostavlyali 2% obshchego kolichestva mukh, otlovlennykh v 48 lovushkakh ili 0,15% obshchego kolichestva mukh, otlovlennykh v 298 lovushkakh vo vsem rajone Rovies. 73% mechenykh mukh popadi v lovushki v techenie pervykh 10 dnej posle obrabotki derev'ev indikatorom. Mechenye mukhi byli obnaruzheny na rasstoyanii 44 300 m ot mesta, gde nakhodilis' mechenye derev'ya (maksimal'noe rasstoyanie) . Radioaktivnost' mechenykh mukh sostavlyala ot 258 do 9549 otsch/min (fonovoe izluchenie sostavlyaet 8 - 2 1 otsch/min). Ehti predvaritel'nye ehksperimenty podtverdili sushchestvovanie bolee ili menee postoyannogo mestnogo peremeshcheniya (rasseivaniya) mukh ot polugornoj roshchi k blizlezhashchim ravninam ili k pribrezhnym