Radiosynthesis of F-18 labeled cytidine analog 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-l-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine ([18F]FIAC)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, C.-Y.; Chan, P.-C.; Chang, W.-T.; Liu, R.-S.; Alauddin, Mian M.; Wang, H-E.

2009-01-01

We reported the synthesis of 2'-deoxy-2'-[ 18 F]fluoro-5-iodo-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-iodo-cytosine ([ 18 F]FIAC) with 15-20% radiochemical yield (decay corrected) in 3.5 h. 2-deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro-1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-α-D-arabinofuranose was prepared following literature procedures with some modifications (yield>70%). The 18 F-fluorosugar was converted to 1-bromo- 18 F-fluorosugar, and then coupled with 5-iodocytocine silyl ether. A mixture of acetonitrile (ACN) and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) were employed to achieve optimum radiochemical yield and acceptable β-anomer selectivity (α/β=1/3). After hydrolyzed with sodium methoxide, the crude product was purified using HPLC to afford the β-[ 18 F]FIAC with high radiochemical purity (≥98%).

Important Mutations Contributing to High-Level Penicillin Resistance in Taiwan19F-14, Taiwan23F-15, and Spain23F-1 of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from Taiwan.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Esther Yip-Mei; Chang, Jen-Chang; Lin, Jung-Chung; Chang, Feng-Yee; Fung, Chang-Phone

2016-12-01

Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae is a serious concern worldwide. In this study, we analyzed the cause of β-lactam resistance in pandemic multidrug-resistant clones. A total of 41 penicillin-nonsusceptible clinical isolates were collected from 1996 to 2012. Sero- and molecular typing confirmed that these isolates were clonal types of Taiwan 19F -14, Taiwan 23F -15, and Spain 23F -1. Sero-switching was found in four isolates. All isolates were multidrug resistant. Sequencing analysis of the penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) was performed on PBP1a, 2b, and 2x, and a large number of mutations were identified in comparing to clinical penicillin-susceptible isolates and the recipient strain R6 used for homologous recombination. The T 451 A substitution was the key amino acid in PBP2b that contributed to penicillin resistance. T 338 A in PBP2x played a role in resistance and reached the highest level of resistance when combined with other mutations in PBP2x. High-level penicillin resistance could not be obtained without the combination of mutations in PBP1a with PBP2b and 2x. The amino acid substitutions in PBP1a, 2b, and 2x were the crucial factors for β-lactam resistance.

Novel S = 1/2 Kagome Lattice Materials: Cs2TiCu3F12 and Rb2TiCu3F12

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Lewis J. Downie

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Two new members of the A2B′Cu3F12 family of kagome-related materials have been prepared, in order to further understand the crystal-chemical relationships, phase transitions and magnetic behaviour within this family of potentially frustrated S = ½ two-dimensional quantum magnets. Cs2TiCu3F12 adopts a crystal structure with the ideal kagome lattice topology (space group R m at ambient temperature. Diffraction studies reveal different symmetry-lowering structural phase transitions in single crystal and polycrystalline forms at sub-ambient temperatures, with the single crystal form retaining rhombohedral symmetry and the powder form being monoclinic. In both cases, long-range antiferromagnetic order occurs in the region 16–20 K. Rb2TiCu3F12 adopts a distorted triclinic structure even at ambient temperatures.

Improving the yield of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose using a microwave cavity.

Science.gov (United States)

Taylor, M D; Roberts, A D; Nickles, R J

1996-07-01

We have investigated the use of a microwave cavity (Labwell AB, Sweden) to improve the radiochemical yield of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (2-[18F]FDG). After characterizing the heating properties of the cavity, three steps of the Hamacher 2-[18F]FDG synthesis which require heating--azeotropic distillation of the target water, nucleophilic substitution, and hydrolysis of the product--were investigated separately. The average radiochemical yield of 2-[18F]FDG for the microwave synthesis, using the phase transfer reagent tetrabutylammonium bicarbonate, was 62 +/- 4% (72 +/- 5%, decay corrected, synthesis time = 31 min).

Improving the yield of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose using a microwave cavity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taylor, M.D.; Roberts, A.D.; Nickles, R.J.

1996-01-01

We have investigated the use of a microwave cavity (Labwell AB, Sweden) to improve the radiochemical yield of 2-[ 18 F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (2-[ 18 F]FDG). After characterizing the heating properties of the cavity, three steps of the Hamacher 2-[ 18 F]FDG synthesis which require heating--azeotropic distillation of the target water, nucleophilic substitution, and hydrolysis of the product--were investigated separately. The average radiochemical yield of 2-[ 18 F]FDG for the microwave synthesis, using the phase transfer reagent tetrabutylammonium bicarbonate, was 62 ± 4% (72 ± 5%, decay corrected, synthesis time = 31 min)

12 CFR 563f.6 - General exemption.

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2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false General exemption. 563f.6 Section 563f.6 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY MANAGEMENT OFFICIAL INTERLOCKS... controlled or managed by persons who are members of a minority group, or women; (3) Is a depository...

12 CFR Appendices F-I to Part 41 - [Reserved

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2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] F Appendices F-I to Part 41 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FAIR CREDIT REPORTING Appendices F-I to Part 41[Reserved] ...

Building 12-42F modification, Pantex Plant, Amarillo, Texas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1991-02-01

The Environment Assessment (EA) has been prepared pursuant to the implementing regulations to the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), which require federal agencies to assess the environmental impacts of a proposed action to determine whether that action requires the preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) or if a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) can be issued. NEPA requires that an EA provide an interdisciplinary review of the proposed action in order to identify possible preferable alternatives and to identify mitigative measures that will prevent environmental impacts. If it is determined that the proposed action will have unavoidable significant environmental impact, then as EIS shall be prepared. The proposed project is to modify Building 12-42F and entry into the Sandia Pantex Weapons Evaluation Test Laboratory. The modification's primary function is to provide additional space for testing and monitoring equipment to support the activities in the existing Building 12-42F. The modification will also facilitate the reconfiguration of the personnel offices, break room and conference area. The proposed Building 12-42F modification relates to the interiors of Buildings 12-42F and 12-42A. These buildings contain a centrifuge and associated testing and monitoring equipment. The proposed addition will encompass the existing entry into Building 12-42A. Building 12-42A will be accessed through the proposed Building 12-42F modification

The improved syntheses of 5-substituted 2'-[18F]fluoro-2'-deoxy-arabinofuranosyluracil derivatives ([18F]FAU, [18F]FEAU, [18F]FFAU, [18F]FCAU, [18F]FBAU and [18F]FIAU) using a multistep one-pot strategy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cai Hancheng; Li Zibo; Conti, Peter S.

2011-01-01

Introduction: We and others have previously reported a four-step radiosynthesis of a series of 2'-deoxy-2'-[ 18 F]fluoro-5-substituted-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil derivatives including [ 18 F]FAU, [ 18 F]FEAU, [ 18 F]FFAU, [ 18 F]FCAU, [ 18 F]FBAU and [ 18 F]FIAU as thymidine derivatives for tumor proliferation and/or reporter gene expression imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). Although the radiosynthesis has been proven to be reproducible and efficient, this complicated multistep reaction is difficult to incorporate into an automated cGMP-compliant radiosynthesis module for routine production. Recently, we have developed a simple and efficient one-pot method for routine production of [ 18 F]FMAU. In this study, we studied the feasibility of radiosynthesizing [ 18 F]FAU, [ 18 F]FEAU, [ 18 F]FFAU, [ 18 F]FCAU, [ 18 F]FBAU and [ 18 F]FIAU using this newly developed method. Methods: Similar to the radiosynthesis of [ 18 F]FMAU, 5-substituted 2'-[ 18 F]fluoro-2'-deoxy-arabinofuranosyluracil derivatives ([ 18 F]FAU, [ 18 F]FEAU, [ 18 F]FFAU, [ 18 F]FCAU, [ 18 F]FBAU and [ 18 F]FIAU) were synthesized in one-pot radiosynthesis module in the presence of Friedel-Crafts catalyst TMSOTf and HMDS. Results: This one-pot radiosynthesis method could be used to produce [ 18 F]FAU, [ 18 F]FEAU, [ 18 F]FFAU, [ 18 F]FCAU, [ 18 F]FBAU and [ 18 F]FIAU. The overall radiochemical yields of these tracers varied from 4.1%±0.8% to 10.1%±1.9% (decay-corrected, n=4). The overall reaction time was reduced from 210 min to 150 min from the end of bombardment, and the radiochemical purity was >99%. Conclusions: The improved radiosyntheses of [ 18 F]FAU, [ 18 F]FEAU, [ 18 F]FFAU, [ 18 F]FCAU, [ 18 F]FBAU and [ 18 F]FIAU have been achieved with reasonable yields and high purity using a multistep one-pot method. The synthetic time has been reduced, and the reaction procedures have been significantly simplified. The success of this approach may make PET tracers [ 18 F]FAU, [ 18 F

18F-labelling of oligonucleotides using succinimido 4-[18F]fluorobenzoat

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hedberg, Elisabeth; Laangstroem, Bengt

1998-01-01

A general method for the labelling of oligodeoxynucleotide and oligonucleoside phosphorothioates in the 5'-position with the positron-emitting radionuclide 18 F (t 1/2 = 110 min) is described. The label was incorporated by the reaction of succinimido 4 -[ 18 F]fluorobenzoate 4 with oligonucleotides (18- and 20-mers) modified in the 5'-position with a hexylamine linker. Oligodeoxynucleotides 5'-GCT,AAG,CGA,TGC,CTC,CGT-3' (MTCa) and 5'-GAA,CCT,CTG,AGA,GTT,CAT,CT-3' (CROa) were labelled in 20±3 % (MTCa) and 13±3 % (CROa) radiochemical yields (non-isolated, decay-corrected and based on 4). Oligonucleoside phosphorotioates MTCa (S-MTCa) and CROa (S-CROa) were labelled in 9 and 7% isolated radiochemical yield, respectively (decay-corrected and based on 4). Labelled oligonucleotides and phosphorothioate analogues were separated from their unlabelled counterparts using reversed-phase perfusion chromatography. The molecular mass of a labelled oligonucleotide CROa was determined by ESI-MS after a mixed 18 F/ 19 F fluorobenzoate labelling experiment and corresponded with the expected structure. (au)

The OsO(3)F(+) and mu-F(OsO(3)F)(2)(+) cations: their syntheses and study by Raman and (19)F NMR spectroscopy and electron structure calculations and X-ray crystal structures of [OsO(3)F][PnF(6)] (Pn = As, Sb), [OsO(3)F][HF](2)[AsF(6)], [OsO(3)F][HF][SbF(6)], and [OsO(3)F][Sb(3)F(16)].

Science.gov (United States)

Gerken, Michael; Dixon, David A; Schrobilgen, Gary J

2002-01-28

The fluoride ion donor properties of OsO(3)F(2) have been investigated. The salts [OsO(3)F][AsF(6)], [OsO(3)F][HF](2)[AsF(6)], mu-F(OsO(3)F)(2)[AsF(6)], [OsO(3)F][HF](2)[SbF(6)], and [OsO(3)F][HF][SbF(6)] have been prepared by reaction of OsO(3)F(2) with AsF(5) and SbF(5) in HF solvent and have been characterized in the solid state by Raman spectroscopy. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies of [OsO(3)F][AsF(6)] (P2(1)/n, a = 7.0001(11) A, c = 8.8629(13) A, beta = 92.270(7) degrees, Z = 4, and R(1) = 0.0401 at -126 degrees C), [OsO(3)F][SbF(6)] (P2(1)/c, a = 5.4772(14) A, b = 10.115(3) A, c = 12.234(3) A, beta = 99.321(5) degrees, Z = 4, and R(1) = 0.0325 at -173 degrees C), [OsO(3)F][HF](2)[AsF(6)] (P2(1)/n, a = 5.1491(9) A, b = 8.129(2) A, c = 19.636(7) A, beta = 95.099(7) degrees, Z = 4, and R(1) = 0.0348 at -117 degrees C), and [OsO(3)F][HF][SbF(6)] (Pc, a = 5.244(4) A, b = 9.646(6) A, c = 15.269(10) A, beta = 97.154(13) degrees, Z = 4, and R(1) = 0.0558 at -133 degrees C) have shown that the OsO(3)F(+) cations exhibit strong contacts to the anions and HF solvent molecules giving rise to cyclic, dimeric structures in which the osmium atoms have coordination numbers of 6. The reaction of OsO(3)F(2) with neat SbF(5) yielded [OsO(3)F][Sb(3)F(16)], which has been characterized by (19)F NMR spectroscopy in SbF(5) and SO(2)ClF solvents and by Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction in the solid state (P4(1)m, a = 10.076(6) A, c = 7.585(8) A, Z = 2, and R(1) = 0.0858 at -113 degrees C). The weak fluoride ion basicity of the Sb(3)F(16)(-) anion resulted in an OsO(3)F(+) cation (C(3)(v) point symmetry) that is well isolated from the anion and in which the osmium is four-coordinate. The geometrical parameters and vibrational frequencies of OsO(3)F(+), ReO(3)F, mu-F(OsO(3)F)(2)(+), (FO(3)Os--FPnF(5))(2), and (FO(3)Os--(HF)(2)--FPnF(5))(2) (Pn = As, Sb) have been calculated using density functional theory methods.

Radiosynthesis of F-18 labeled cytidine analog 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-l-{beta}-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine ([{sup 18}F]FIAC)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wu, C.-Y.; Chan, P.-C.; Chang, W.-T. [Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Li-Nong Street, Sector 2, Bei-tou, Taipei 112, Taiwan (China); Liu, R.-S. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan (China); Department of Nuclear Medicine and National PET/Cyclotron Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan (China); Alauddin, Mian M. [Department of Experimental Diagnostic Imagiing, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas (United States); Wang, H-E. [Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Li-Nong Street, Sector 2, Bei-tou, Taipei 112, Taiwan (China)], E-mail: hewang@ym.edu.tw

2009-07-15

We reported the synthesis of 2'-deoxy-2'-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-5-iodo-1-{beta}-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-iodo-cytosine ([{sup 18}F]FIAC) with 15-20% radiochemical yield (decay corrected) in 3.5 h. 2-deoxy-2-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-{alpha}-D-arabinofuranose was prepared following literature procedures with some modifications (yield>70%). The {sup 18}F-fluorosugar was converted to 1-bromo-{sup 18}F-fluorosugar, and then coupled with 5-iodocytocine silyl ether. A mixture of acetonitrile (ACN) and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) were employed to achieve optimum radiochemical yield and acceptable {beta}-anomer selectivity ({alpha}/{beta}=1/3). After hydrolyzed with sodium methoxide, the crude product was purified using HPLC to afford the {beta}-[{sup 18}F]FIAC with high radiochemical purity ({>=}98%)

Structures of the OmpF porin crystallized in the presence of foscholine-12.

Science.gov (United States)

Kefala, Georgia; Ahn, Chihoon; Krupa, Martin; Esquivies, Luis; Maslennikov, Innokentiy; Kwiatkowski, Witek; Choe, Senyon

2010-05-01

The endogenous Escherichia coli porin OmpF was crystallized as an accidental by-product of our efforts to express, purify, and crystallize the E. coli integral membrane protein KdpD in the presence of foscholine-12 (FC12). FC12 is widely used in membrane protein studies, but no crystal structure of a protein that was both purified and crystallized with this detergent has been reported in the Protein Data Bank. Crystallization screening for KdpD yielded two different crystals of contaminating protein OmpF. Here, we report two OmpF structures, the first membrane protein crystal structures for which extraction, purification, and crystallization were done exclusively with FC12. The first structure was refined in space group P21 with cell parameters a = 136.7 A, b = 210.5 A, c = 137 A, and beta = 100.5 degrees , and the resolution of 3.8 A. The second structure was solved at the resolution of 4.4 A and was refined in the P321 space group, with unit cell parameters a = 215.5 A, b = 215.5 A, c = 137.5 A, and gamma = 120 degrees . Both crystal forms show novel crystal packing, in which the building block is a tetrahedral arrangement of four trimers. Additionally, we discuss the use of FC12 for membrane protein crystallization and structure determination, as well as the problem of the OmpF contamination for membrane proteins overexpressed in E. coli.

Una mirada al 23 F. Los editoriales de El País y ABC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aitor Pérez Blázquez

2013-10-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo pretendemos realizar un acercamiento a uno de los hechos más graves de la democracía española. Nos referimos al fallido intento de golpe de estado del 23 de Febrero. Nos hemos fijado en las líneas editoriales de dos periodicos, ABC y EL Pais, para observar como percibieron y se posicionaron durante los días claves tras el golpe militar.Palabras clave: 23F; Editoriales; El País; ABC 23F, editorials, El País, ABC_________________A look to 23 F. The editorials of El País and ABCAbstract:In the present paper we try to realize an approximation to one of the most serious facts of the Spanish democracy. We refer to 23 F. We have concentrated on the publishing lines of two newspapers, ABC and El País, to observe since they perceived and were positioned during the key days after the militar strike.Keywords:

(18)F-FDG uptake predicts diagnostic yield of transbronchial biopsy in peripheral lung cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Umeda, Yukihiro; Demura, Yoshiki; Anzai, Masaki; Matsuoka, Hiroki; Araya, Tomoyuki; Nishitsuji, Masaru; Nishi, Koichi; Tsuchida, Tatsuro; Sumida, Yasuyuki; Morikawa, Miwa; Ameshima, Shingo; Ishizaki, Takeshi; Kasahara, Kazuo; Ishizuka, Tamotsu

2014-07-01

Recent advances in endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) have enabled better visualization of distal airways, while virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) has been shown useful as a guide to navigate the bronchoscope. However, indications for utilizing VBN and EBUS-GS are not always clear. To clarify indications for a bronchoscopic examination using VBN and EBUS-GS, we evaluated factors that predict the diagnostic yield of a transbronchial biopsy (TBB) procedure for peripheral lung cancer (PLC) lesions. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 194 patients with 201 PLC lesions (≤3cm mean diameter), and analyzed the association of diagnostic yield of TBB with [(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography and chest computed tomography (CT) findings. The diagnostic yield of TBB using VBN and EBUS-GS was 66.7%. High maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), positive bronchus sign, and ground-glass opacity component shown on CT were all significant predictors of diagnostic yield, while multivariate analysis showed only high (18)F-FDG uptake (SUVmax ≥2.8) and positive bronchus sign as significant predictors. Diagnostic yield was higher for PLC lesions with high (18)F-FDG uptake (SUVmax ≥2.8) and positive bronchus sign (84.6%) than for those with SUVmax PLC lesions. (18)F-FDG uptake and bronchus sign may indicate for the accurate application of bronchoscopy with those modalities for diagnosing PLC. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

E2F1 interactions with hHR23A inhibit its degradation and promote DNA repair.

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Randeep K; Dagnino, Lina

2016-05-03

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a major mechanism for removal of DNA lesions induced by exposure to UV radiation in the epidermis. Recognition of damaged DNA sites is the initial step in their repair, and requires multiprotein complexes that contain XPC and hHR23 proteins, or their orthologues. A variety of transcription factors are also involved in NER, including E2F1. In epidermal keratinocytes, UV exposure induces E2F1 phosphorylation, which allows it to recruit various NER factors to sites of DNA damage. However, the relationship between E2F1 and hHR23 proteins vis-à-vis NER has remained unexplored. We now show that E2F1 and hHR23 proteins can interact, and this interaction stabilizes E2F1, inhibiting its proteasomal degradation. Reciprocally, E2F1 regulates hHR23A subcellular localization, recruiting it to sites of DNA photodamage. As a result, E2F1 and hHR23A enhance DNA repair following exposure to UV radiation, contributing to genomic stability in the epidermis.

12 CFR Appendix F to Part 360 - Customer File Structure

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Customer File Structure F Appendix F to Part... POLICY RESOLUTION AND RECEIVERSHIP RULES Pt. 360, App. F Appendix F to Part 360—Customer File Structure This is the structure of the data file to provide to the FDIC information related to each customer who...

The optimization of 18F-nucleophilic fluorination reaction and its application in synthesis of VMAT2 imaging tracer: [18F]AV-133

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Yajing; Zhu Lin; Karl, P.; Qu Wenchao

2010-01-01

Objective: The nucleophilic introduction of n.c.a. [ 18 F]F- into alkanes by nucleophilic reaction is the main method of preparing 18 F-labelled radiopharmaceuticals, and the efficient and rapid reaction is important in 18 F-labelled radiopharmaceuticals. Method: Using 2-(3-substitute propoxy)naphthalene as model compound, the optimal reaction condition was achieved by comparing the different [ 18 F]fluorination condition: 1)different leaving groups (-OTs, -I, -Br and -Cl), 2) different [ 18 F]fluorination catalysts (Kryptofix222/K 2 CO 3 and TBAHCO 3 ), 3) different reaction solvent (ACN, DMSO and DMF), 4) [ 18 F]fluorination temperature (40, 50 and 60 degree C) and 5) reaction time. The radiochemical yields were analyzed by TLC and HPLC. VMAT2 imaging tracer [ 18 F]AV-133 was synthesized under the optimal conditions. Results: From the experiment results, the reation activity was the highest when using -OTs as the leaving group, followed by -I and -Br, -Clunder the [ 18 F]fluorination condition of using K222/K 2 CO 3 as catalyst and ACN as solvent. And also, the radiochemical yield raised as the reaction time and temperature increased. The higher temperature, the shorter time to reach the equilibrium. When changing the solvent from ACN to DMSO, the radiochemical yields were increased. On the contrary, the radiochemical yields were decreasing by using DMF. Comparing the catalyst K222/K 2 CO 3 with TBAHCO 3 , the [ 18 F] fluorination of -OTs gave a higher radiochemical yield in the presence of K222/K 2 CO 3 . So the optimized [ 18 F]fluorination reaction condition was that choosing -OTs as the leaving group, the [ 18 F]fluorination reaction was efficient and gave higher radiochemical yield catalyzed by K222/K 2 CO 3 in DMSO at high temperature. [ 18 F]fluorination of AV-244 was found to provide the VMAT2 imaging tracer [ 18 F]AV-133 in 80 ± 2% radiochemical yield after reaction at 120 degree C for 3 min under optimized conditions. Conclusion: We have described an

Observation of f sub 1 (1285) yields. pi. sup +. pi. sup -. pi. sup +. pi. sup - in radiative J/. psi. decays

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bolton, T; Bunnell, K O; Cassell, R E; Coward, D H; Labs, J; Odian, A; Pitman, D; Schindler, R H; Toki, W [Stanford Linear Accelerator Centre, Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Brown, J S; Burnett, T H; Li, A; Mir, R; Mockett, P M; Parrish, L; Willutzki, H J [Dept. of Physics, Univ. Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Burchell, M; Drinkard, J; Gatto, C; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Sadrozinski, H F.W.; Scarlatella, M; Schalk, T L; Seiden, A; Weinstein, A J; Xu, R [Santa Cruz Inst. for Particle Physics, Univ. California, CA (United States); Coffman, D; DeJongh, F; Dubois, G P; Eigen, G; Hitlin, D G; Matthews, C G; Richman, J D; Wisniewski, W J; Zhu, Y [Dept. of Physics, California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA (United States); Eisenstein, B I; Freese, T; Gladding, G; Izen, J M; Kim, P C; Stockdale, I E; Tripsas, B [Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL (United States); Mallik, U; Wang, M Z [Dept. of; Mark III Collaboration

1992-04-02

We present an analysis of J/{psi}{yields}{gamma}f{sub 1}(1285), f{sub 1}(1285){yields}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, using the Mark III detector at SPEAR, based on 5.8x10{sup 6} produced J/{psi} events. We measure B(J/{psi}{yields}{gamma}f{sub 1}(1285), f{sub 1}(1285){yields}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -})=(4.8{+-}1.3{+-}0.9)x10{sup -5}. We obtain a new measurement of the absolute branching ratio of J/{psi}{yields}{gamma}f{sub 1}(1285). The mixing angle of the f{sub 1}(1285) and the f{sub 1}(1420) in the 1{sup ++} nonet is determined. (orig.).

Radiosynthesis of 3-{l_brace}[4-(4-[{sup 18}F]fluorobenzyl)]piperazin-1-yl{r_brace}methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine: A potential dopamine D{sub 4} receptor imaging agent

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Haibin Tian; Duanzhi Yin; Junling Li; Lan Zhang; Cunfu Zhang; Yongxian Wang; Wei Zhou [Radiopharmaceutical Research Center, Shanghai Inst. of Nuclear Research, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, SH (China)

2003-07-01

The dopamine D{sub 4} receptor (D{sub 4}R) is expressed in low density in various extrastriatal brain regions. This receptor subtype is discussed in relation to the pathophysiology and treatment of schizophrenia but to date no selective positron emission tomography (PET) ligand is available to study its distribution in vivo. The 7-azaindole derivative 3-([4-(4-iodophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-methyl)-1H-pyrrolo [2,3-b]pyridine (L-750,667) is a novel, high-affinity (K{sub i}=0.51nM) and selective D{sub 4}R ligand. L-750,667 analogue 3-[4-(4-[{sup 18}F]fluorobenzyl)]piperazin-1-yl methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]-pyridine was prepared by reacting 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine with 4-[ 18F]fluorobenzaldehyde, which was labeled with no carrier added [ 18F]fluoride. The radiochemical yield of 3-[4-(4-[{sup 18}F]fluorobenzyl)]piperazin-1-yl methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine was 12.0% at end of synthesis (EOS), and the synthesis time was 73min. The labeled benzaldehydes may be useful precursors for the radiosyntheses of other complex radiotracers for PET.

F4+ ETEC infection and oral immunization with F4 fimbriae elicits an IL-17-dominated immune response.

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Yu; Van Nguyen, Ut; de la Fe Rodriguez, Pedro Y; Devriendt, Bert; Cox, Eric

2015-10-21

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are an important cause of post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets. Porcine-specific ETEC strains possess different fimbrial subtypes of which F4 fimbriae are the most frequently associated with ETEC-induced diarrhea in piglets. These F4 fimbriae are potent oral immunogens that induce protective F4-specific IgA antibody secreting cells at intestinal tissues. Recently, T-helper 17 (Th17) cells have been implicated in the protection of the host against extracellular pathogens. However, it remains unknown if Th17 effector responses are needed to clear ETEC infections. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate if ETEC elicits a Th17 response in piglets and if F4 fimbriae trigger a similar response. F4(+) ETEC infection upregulated IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21 and IL-23p19, but not IL-12 and IFN-γ mRNA expression in the systemic and mucosal immune system. Similarly, oral immunization with F4 fimbriae triggered a Th17 signature evidenced by an upregulated mRNA expression of IL-17F, RORγt, IL-23p19 and IL-21 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Intriguingly, IL-17A mRNA levels were unaltered. To further evaluate this difference between systemic and mucosal immune responses, we assayed the cytokine mRNA profile of F4 fimbriae stimulated PBMCs. F4 fimbriae induced IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22 and IL-23p19, but downregulated IL-17B mRNA expression. Altogether, these data indicate a Th17 dominated response upon oral immunization with F4 fimbriae and F4(+) ETEC infection. Our work also highlights that IL-17B and IL-17F participate in the immune response to protect the host against F4(+) ETEC infection and could aid in the design of future ETEC vaccines.

On the oxidation of the three-dimensional aromatics [B(12)X(12)](2-) (X=F, Cl, Br, I).

Science.gov (United States)

Boeré, René T; Derendorf, Janis; Jenne, Carsten; Kacprzak, Sylwia; Kessler, Mathias; Riebau, Rainer; Riedel, Sebastian; Roemmele, Tracey L; Rühle, Monika; Scherer, Harald; Vent-Schmidt, Thomas; Warneke, Jonas; Weber, Stefan

2014-04-07

The perhalogenated closo-dodecaborate dianions [B12 X12 ](2-) (X=H, F, Cl, Br, I) are three-dimensional counterparts to the two-dimensional aromatics C6 X6 (X=H, F, Cl, Br, I). Whereas oxidation of the parent compounds [B12 H12 ](2-) and benzene does not lead to isolable radicals, the perhalogenated analogues can be oxidized by chemical or electrochemical methods to give stable radicals. The chemical oxidation of the closo-dodecaborate dianions [B12 X12 ](2-) with the strong oxidizer AsF5 in liquid sulfur dioxide (lSO2 ) yielded the corresponding radical anions [B12 X12 ](⋅-) (X=F, Cl, Br). The presence of radical ions was proven by EPR and UV/Vis spectroscopy and supported by quantum chemical calculations. Use of an excess amount of the oxidizing agent allowed the synthesis of the neutral perhalogenated hypercloso-boranes B12 X12 (X=Cl, Br). These compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction of dark blue B12 Cl12 and [Na(SO2 )6 ][B12 Br12 ]⋅B12 Br12 . Sublimation of the crude reaction products that contained B12 X12 (X=Cl, Br) resulted in pure dark blue B12 Cl12 or decomposition to red B9 Br9 , respectively. The energetics of the oxidation processes in the gas phase were calculated by DFT methods at the PBE0/def2-TZVPP level of theory. They revealed the trend of increasing ionization potentials of the [B12 X12 ](2-) dianions by going from fluorine to bromine as halogen substituent. The oxidation of all [B12 X12 ](2-) dianions was also studied in the gas phase by mass spectrometry in an ion trap. The electrochemical oxidation of the closo-dodecaborate dianions [B12 X12 ](2-) (X=F, Cl, Br, I) by cyclic and Osteryoung square-wave voltammetry in liquid sulfur dioxide or acetonitrile showed very good agreement with quantum chemical calculations in the gas phase. For [B12 X12 ](2-) (X=F, Cl, Br) the first and second oxidation processes are detected. Whereas the first process is quasi-reversible (with oxidation potentials in the range between +1

F+ and F⁻ affinities of simple N(x)F(y) and O(x)F(y) compounds.

Science.gov (United States)

Grant, Daniel J; Wang, Tsang-Hsiu; Vasiliu, Monica; Dixon, David A; Christe, Karl O

2011-03-07

Atomization energies at 0 K and heats of formation at 0 and 298 K are predicted for the neutral and ionic N(x)F(y) and O(x)F(y) systems using coupled cluster theory with single and double excitations and including a perturbative triples correction (CCSD(T)) method with correlation consistent basis sets extrapolated to the complete basis set (CBS) limit. To achieve near chemical accuracy (±1 kcal/mol), three corrections to the electronic energy were added to the frozen core CCSD(T)/CBS binding energies: corrections for core-valence, scalar relativistic, and first order atomic spin-orbit effects. Vibrational zero point energies were computed at the CCSD(T) level of theory where possible. The calculated heats of formation are in good agreement with the available experimental values, except for FOOF because of the neglect of higher order correlation corrections. The F(+) affinity in the N(x)F(y) series increases from N(2) to N(2)F(4) by 63 kcal/mol, while that in the O(2)F(y) series decreases by 18 kcal/mol from O(2) to O(2)F(2). Neither N(2) nor N(2)F(4) is predicted to bind F(-), and N(2)F(2) is a very weak Lewis acid with an F(-) affinity of about 10 kcal/mol for either the cis or trans isomer. The low F(-) affinities of the nitrogen fluorides explain why, in spite of the fact that many stable nitrogen fluoride cations are known, no nitrogen fluoride anions have been isolated so far. For example, the F(-) affinity of NF is predicted to be only 12.5 kcal/mol which explains the numerous experimental failures to prepare NF(2)(-) salts from the well-known strong acid HNF(2). The F(-) affinity of O(2) is predicted to have a small positive value and increases for O(2)F(2) by 23 kcal/mol, indicating that the O(2)F(3)(-) anion might be marginally stable at subambient temperatures. The calculated adiabatic ionization potentials and electron affinities are in good agreement with experiment considering that many of the experimental values are for vertical processes. © 2011

12 CFR 563f.1 - Authority, purpose, and scope.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Authority, purpose, and scope. 563f.1 Section... INTERLOCKS § 563f.1 Authority, purpose, and scope. (a) Authority. This part is issued under the provisions of... generally prohibiting a management official from serving two nonaffiliated depository organizations in...

Effect of Genetic Variability in the CYP4F2, CYP4F11, and CYP4F12 Genes on Liver mRNA Levels and Warfarin Response

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. E. Zhang

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Genetic polymorphisms in the gene encoding cytochrome P450 (CYP 4F2, a vitamin K oxidase, affect stable warfarin dose requirements and time to therapeutic INR. CYP4F2 is part of the CYP4F gene cluster, which is highly polymorphic and exhibits a high degree of linkage disequilibrium, making it difficult to define causal variants. Our objective was to examine the effect of genetic variability in the CYP4F gene cluster on expression of the individual CYP4F genes and warfarin response. mRNA levels of the CYP4F gene cluster were quantified in human liver samples (n = 149 obtained from a well-characterized liver bank and fine mapping of the CYP4F gene cluster encompassing CYP4F2, CYP4F11, and CYP4F12 was performed. Genome-wide association study (GWAS data from a prospective cohort of warfarin-treated patients (n = 711 was also analyzed for genetic variations across the CYP4F gene cluster. In addition, SNP-gene expression in human liver tissues and interactions between CYP4F genes were explored in silico using publicly available data repositories. We found that SNPs in CYP4F2, CYP4F11, and CYP4F12 were associated with mRNA expression in the CYP4F gene cluster. In particular, CYP4F2 rs2108622 was associated with increased CYP4F2 expression while CYP4F11 rs1060467 was associated with decreased CYP4F2 expression. Interestingly, these CYP4F2 and CYP4F11 SNPs showed similar effects with warfarin stable dose where CYP4F11 rs1060467 was associated with a reduction in daily warfarin dose requirement (∼1 mg/day, Pc = 0.017, an effect opposite to that previously reported with CYP4F2 (rs2108622. However, inclusion of either or both of these SNPs in a pharmacogenetic algorithm consisting of age, body mass index (BMI, gender, baseline clotting factor II level, CYP2C9∗2 rs1799853, CYP2C9∗3 rs1057910, and VKORC1 rs9923231 improved warfarin dose variability only by 0.5–0.7% with an improvement in dose prediction accuracy of ∼1–2%. Although there is complex

Heterosis and heterobeltiotic studies of F1 hybirds in brassica carinata

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nausheen; Farhatullah; Hussain, I.; Khalil, I.; Amanullah

2015-01-01

An experiment was carried out at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2012-13 using a set of F /sub 1/ hybrids of B. carinata for estimating heterosis and heterobeltiosis for important yield and quality parameters. The experimental material comprised of six B. carinata parental genotypes viz. C-88, C-89, C-90, C-93, C-95, C-97 and their 30 F /sub 1/ hybrids as direct crosses. A randomized complete block design with two replicates was used for field evaluation of 36 B. carinata genotypes (6 parental lines and 30 F /sub 1/ hybrids). Significant genetic variation was observed for primary branches plant /sup 1/, main raceme length, seed yield plant /sup 1/, oil and protein content among parents as well as F /sub 1/ hybrids. The highest heterosis and heterobeltiosis for primary branches (24.25 vs. 12.30 percentage) and main raceme length (37.31 vs. 22.93 percentage) was recorded for F /sub 1/ hybrids C-88 * C-93 and C-89 * C-97, respectively. Hybrid C-93 * C-90 had the highest positive heterosis for seed yield plant /sup 1/ (23.33 percentage). For protein content, the maximum heterosis was recorded for hybrid C-88 * C-89 (11.34 percentage). Similarly, F /sub 1/ hybrid C-88 * C-97 showed maximum heterosis for oil content (14.41 percentage). The highest heterobeltiosis was exhibited by hybrids C-90 * C-97 for seed yield (9.53 percentage) , C-89 * C-90 for oil content (7.61 percentage) and C-93 * C-97 for protein content (4.11 percentage). Based on high mean performance and heterotic values, aforemntioned hybrids and their corresponding parental lines will be exploited further for commercial hybrid production. (author)

Thermal analysis and phase diagrams of the LiF BiF{sub 3} e NaF BiF{sub 3} systems; Analise termica e diagramas de fase dos sistemas LiF-BiF{sub 3} e NaF-BiF{sub 3}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamura, Gerson Hiroshi de Godoy

2013-07-01

Investigations of the binary systems LiF-BiF{sub 3} and NaF-BiF{sub 3} were performed with the objective of clarifying the thermal behavior and phase equilibria of these systems and their intermediary phases, an important requisite for high-quality crystal growth. Several samples in the entire range of compositions (0 to 100 mol% BiF{sub 3}) of both systems were subjected to experiments of differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry (TG), and also of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A few specific compositions were selected for X-ray diffraction to supplement the experimental data. Due to the high vulnerability of BiF{sub 3} to oxygen contamination, its volatility and propensity to destroy metal parts upon heating, it was necessary to determine the optimal conditions for thermal analysis before investigating the systems themselves. Phase relations in the system LiF-BiF{sub 3} were completely clarified and a phase diagram was calculated and evaluated via the commercial software Factsage. The diagram itself consists in a simple peritectic system in which the only intermediary compound, LiBiF{sub 4}, decomposes into LiF and a liquid phase. The NaF-BiF{sub 3} system could not be completely elucidated and the phase relations in the NaF poor side (> 50% BiF{sub 3}) are still unknown. In the NaF rich side, however, the possible peritectoid decomposition of the compound NaBiF{sub 4} was identified. In both systems X-ray diffraction yielded crystal structures discrepant with the literature for the intermediary phases, LiBiF{sub 4}, NaBiF{sub 4} and a solid solution of NaF and BiF{sub 3} called {sup I.} The observed structures remain unknown and explanations for the discrepancies were proposed. (author)

17 CFR 240.12f-3 - Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-3 Section 240.12f-3 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND... Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-3 Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges. (a) The issuer of any security for which unlisted trading privileges...

High Yield F-18 Target for KOTRON-13 Cyclotron

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, W. K.; Song, J. Y.; Park, J. Y.; Jung, K. I.; Chae, S. K.

2009-01-01

Currently the domestic radiation market for medical diagnosis witnesses a high increase of the use of PET/CT for the purpose of cancer diagnosis, and the cases of cancer diagnosis using PET/CT increase by geometric progression every year. In case of domestic practice, full body scan is taken by using FDG medical isotope medicines mainly using F-18, but the necessity of various medical radioactive isotopes according to each medical purpose is increasing. F-18 output yield is directly proportional to energy of protons and beam current, and has correlation with heat production rate in case of target and decides the function of target in accordance with the efficiency of a cooling device. At present, in case of most F-18 target, when one irradiates beam in O-18 water of about 0.2∼5mL, one has to apply heat of over 300W, a high thermal energy per unit area is irradiated in target, which is easily damaged, and it has limitation in beam current. Currently, in case of commercial target, about 2,000W beam current is the maximum value, and in case of double-grid target developed by Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences in 2004, it was designed to stand up to about 1,000W theoretically, but in reality it can irradiate lower beam current than this because of the shortage of cooling efficiency. In general, the irradiation strength to produce radioactive isotopes given in the heat emission by target substance currently is limited to 50μA against target substance irradiated in 1.6mL. However, current KOTRON-13 cyclotron can accelerate proton beam with a high scope of strength marking 100μA thru 120μA by a continuous development. Therefore, it doesn't fully function compared with that of proton beam of KOTRON-13 cyclotron. The solution about this is to get over the problem of cooling target substance of cavity in the production system of radioactive isotopes. Especially, one has to develop the method to cool target substance, and provide higher F-18 yield than

Thermal analysis and phase diagrams of the LiF BiF3 e NaF BiF3 systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakamura, Gerson Hiroshi de Godoy

2013-01-01

Investigations of the binary systems LiF-BiF 3 and NaF-BiF 3 were performed with the objective of clarifying the thermal behavior and phase equilibria of these systems and their intermediary phases, an important requisite for high-quality crystal growth. Several samples in the entire range of compositions (0 to 100 mol% BiF 3 ) of both systems were subjected to experiments of differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry (TG), and also of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A few specific compositions were selected for X-ray diffraction to supplement the experimental data. Due to the high vulnerability of BiF 3 to oxygen contamination, its volatility and propensity to destroy metal parts upon heating, it was necessary to determine the optimal conditions for thermal analysis before investigating the systems themselves. Phase relations in the system LiF-BiF 3 were completely clarified and a phase diagram was calculated and evaluated via the commercial software Factsage. The diagram itself consists in a simple peritectic system in which the only intermediary compound, LiBiF 4 , decomposes into LiF and a liquid phase. The NaF-BiF 3 system could not be completely elucidated and the phase relations in the NaF poor side (> 50% BiF 3 ) are still unknown. In the NaF rich side, however, the possible peritectoid decomposition of the compound NaBiF 4 was identified. In both systems X-ray diffraction yielded crystal structures discrepant with the literature for the intermediary phases, LiBiF 4 , NaBiF 4 and a solid solution of NaF and BiF 3 called I. The observed structures remain unknown and explanations for the discrepancies were proposed. (author)

Relative quantum yield of I-asterisk(2P1/2) in the tunable laser UV photodissociation of i-C3F7I and n-C3F7I - Effect of temperature and exciplex emission

Science.gov (United States)

Smedley, J. E.; Leone, S. R.

1983-01-01

Wavelength-specific relative quantum yields of metastable I from pulsed laser photodissociation of i-C3F7I and n-C3F7I in the range 265-336 nm are determined by measuring the time-resolved infrared emission from the atomic I(P-2(1/2) P-2(3/2) transition. It is shown that although this yield appears to be unity from 265 to 298 nm, it decreases dramatically at longer wavelengths. Values are also reported for the enhancement of emission from metastable I due to exciplex formation at several temperatures. The exciplex formation emission increases linearly with parent gas pressure, but decreases with increasing temperature. Absorption spectra of i- and n-C3F7I between 303 and 497 K are presented, and the effect of temperature on the quantum yields at selected wavelengths greater than 300 nm, where increasing the temperature enhances the absorption considerably, are given. The results are discussed in regard to the development of solar-pumped iodine lasers.

Interrelationship and path coefficient analysis of yield components in F4 progenies of tef (Eragrostis tef).

Science.gov (United States)

Debebe, Abel; Singh, Harijat; Tefera, Hailu

2014-01-01

This experiment was conducted at Debre Zeit and Akaki during 2004-2005 cropping season on F2-derived F4 bulk families of three crosses, viz, DZ-01-974 x DZ-01-2786, DZ-01-974 x DZ-Cr-37 and Alba x Kaye Murri. To estimate the correlations and path coefficients between yield and yield components, 63 F4 families were taken randomly from each of the three crosses. The 189 F4 families, five parents and two checks were space planted following in 14 x 14 simple lattice design. Study of associations among traits indicated that yield was positively associated with shoot biomass, harvest index, lodging index and panicle kernel weight at phenotypic level at Debre Zeit. At Akaki, yield had significant positive correlation with shoot biomass, harvest index, plant height, panicle length and panicle weight. At genotypic level, grain yield per plot exhibited positive association with harvest index, shoot biomass, lodging index and panicle kernel weight at Debre Zeit. By contrast, days to heading, days to maturity, plant height and panicle length showed negative association with yield. At Akaki, kernel yield per plot was positively correlated at genotypic level with all the traits considered where lodging index had the highest correlation followed by shoot biomass, panicle kernel weight and harvest index. Path coefficient analysis at both phenotypic and genotypic levels for both the locations suggested those shoot biomass and harvest indexes are the two important yield determining traits. These two traits might be useful in indirect selection for yield improvement in the material generated from the three crosses under consideration.

Electrochemistry of TiF4 in 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andriyko, Yuriy; Andriiko, Alexander; Babushkina, Olga B.; Nauer, Gerhard E.

2010-01-01

Electrochemical behaviour of Ti(IV) species in the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMMImBF 4 ) was studied by means of chronopotentiometry (CP) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) in melts with different concentrations of TiF 4 (2-35 mol%) within a temperature range of 65-180 deg. C. The electrochemical reduction of Ti(IV) was suggested to proceed via the sequence of one-electron steps with the formation of poorly soluble low valence intermediates (LVI). LVIs undergo further solid-state electrochemical reduction to Ti metal. Thin Ti coatings on a Pt substrate were thus obtained and characterized by ESEM method. FTIR spectroscopy was used for identification of the electrochemical active species of Ti(IV). The reaction 2BF 4 - + TiF 4 ↔ TiF 6 2- + 2BF 3 ↑ takes place in the concentrated solutions of TiF 4 at elevated temperatures.

Crystal structures of KM(AsF6)3 (M2+ = Mg, Co, Mn, Zn), KCu(SbF6)3 and [Co(HF)2]Sr[Sr(HF)]2-[Sr(HF)2]2[AsF6]12

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mazej, Zoran; Goreshnik, Evgeny

2015-01-01

The KM(AsF 6 ) 3 (M 2+ = Mg, Co, Mn, Zn) and KCu(SbF 6 ) 3 compounds crystallize isotypically to previously known KNi(AsF 6 ) 3 . The main features of the structure of these compounds are rings of MF 6 octahedra sharing apexes with AsF 6 octahedra connected into infinite tri-dimensional frameworks. In this arrangement cavities are formed where K + cations are placed. Single crystals of CoSr 5 (AsF 6 ) 12 .8HF were obtained as one of the products after the crystallization of 3KF/CoF 2 /SrF 2 mixture in the presence of AsF 5 in anhydrous HF. The CoSr 5 (AsF 6 ) 12 .8HF is monoclinic, C/2c (No.15), with a = 26.773(5) Aa, b = 10.087(2) Aa, c = 21.141(5) Aa, β = 93.296(13) circle , V = 5699.9(19) Aa 3 at 200 K, and Z = 4. There are three crystallographically non-equivalent Sr 2+ cations in the crystal structure of CoSr 5 (AsF 6 ) 12 .8HF. The Sr1 is coordinated by ten fluorine atoms from eight different [AsF 6 ]- anions, meanwhile Sr2 and Sr3 are bound to nine fluorine atoms provided by one HF and eight AsF 6 units or by two HF and six AsF 6 units, respectively. The Co 2+ is coordinated distorted-octahedrally by six fluorine atoms from two HF molecules and four different AsF 6 units. All those moieties in the crystal structure of [Co(HF) 2 ]Sr[Sr(HF)] 2 [Sr(HF) 2 ] 2 [AsF 6 ] 12 are connected into tridimensional framework. The CoSr 5 (AsF 6 ) 12 .8HF is a unique example of compound where HF molecules are directly bound via fluorine atoms to two different metal centres.

Structure of a catalytic dimer of the α- and β-subunits of the F-ATPase from Paracoccus denitrificans at 2.3 Å resolution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morales-Ríos, Edgar; Montgomery, Martin G. [The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY (United Kingdom); Leslie, Andrew G. W. [The Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH (United Kingdom); García-Trejo, José J. [Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City (Mexico); Walker, John E., E-mail: walker@mrc-mbu.cam.ac.uk [The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY (United Kingdom)

2015-09-23

The structure of the αβ heterodimer of the F-ATPase from the α-proteobacterium P. denitrificans has been determined at 2.3 Å resolution. It corresponds to the ‘open’ or ‘empty’ catalytic interface found in other F-ATPases. The structures of F-ATPases have predominantly been determined from mitochondrial enzymes, and those of the enzymes in eubacteria have been less studied. Paracoccus denitrificans is a member of the α-proteobacteria and is related to the extinct protomitochondrion that became engulfed by the ancestor of eukaryotic cells. The P. denitrificans F-ATPase is an example of a eubacterial F-ATPase that can carry out ATP synthesis only, whereas many others can catalyse both the synthesis and the hydrolysis of ATP. Inhibition of the ATP hydrolytic activity of the P. denitrificans F-ATPase involves the ζ inhibitor protein, an α-helical protein that binds to the catalytic F{sub 1} domain of the enzyme. This domain is a complex of three α-subunits and three β-subunits, and one copy of each of the γ-, δ- and ∊-subunits. Attempts to crystallize the F{sub 1}–ζ inhibitor complex yielded crystals of a subcomplex of the catalytic domain containing the α- and β-subunits only. Its structure was determined to 2.3 Å resolution and consists of a heterodimer of one α-subunit and one β-subunit. It has no bound nucleotides, and it corresponds to the ‘open’ or ‘empty’ catalytic interface found in other F-ATPases. The main significance of this structure is that it aids in the determination of the structure of the intact membrane-bound F-ATPase, which has been crystallized.

Structure of a catalytic dimer of the α- and β-subunits of the F-ATPase from Paracoccus denitrificans at 2.3 Å resolution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morales-Ríos, Edgar; Montgomery, Martin G.; Leslie, Andrew G. W.; García-Trejo, José J.; Walker, John E.

2015-01-01

The structure of the αβ heterodimer of the F-ATPase from the α-proteobacterium P. denitrificans has been determined at 2.3 Å resolution. It corresponds to the ‘open’ or ‘empty’ catalytic interface found in other F-ATPases. The structures of F-ATPases have predominantly been determined from mitochondrial enzymes, and those of the enzymes in eubacteria have been less studied. Paracoccus denitrificans is a member of the α-proteobacteria and is related to the extinct protomitochondrion that became engulfed by the ancestor of eukaryotic cells. The P. denitrificans F-ATPase is an example of a eubacterial F-ATPase that can carry out ATP synthesis only, whereas many others can catalyse both the synthesis and the hydrolysis of ATP. Inhibition of the ATP hydrolytic activity of the P. denitrificans F-ATPase involves the ζ inhibitor protein, an α-helical protein that binds to the catalytic F 1 domain of the enzyme. This domain is a complex of three α-subunits and three β-subunits, and one copy of each of the γ-, δ- and ∊-subunits. Attempts to crystallize the F 1 –ζ inhibitor complex yielded crystals of a subcomplex of the catalytic domain containing the α- and β-subunits only. Its structure was determined to 2.3 Å resolution and consists of a heterodimer of one α-subunit and one β-subunit. It has no bound nucleotides, and it corresponds to the ‘open’ or ‘empty’ catalytic interface found in other F-ATPases. The main significance of this structure is that it aids in the determination of the structure of the intact membrane-bound F-ATPase, which has been crystallized

Synthesis and labeling 5'-O-(4-4'-dimetoxytrityl) -2,3-anhidrothymidine for preparation of radiopharmaceutical [18F]FLT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purwoko; Maskur; Chaeruman; Sugiarto, Yono

2013-01-01

It is has been known that the compound of 3'-deoxy-3,-( 18 F] Fluorothymidine or ( 18 F] FLT is a thymidine derivative radiopharmaceutical used for cancer detection based on DNA metabolism. Synthesis and labeling of 5'-0-(4,4 '-dimetoxytrityl) -2,3' anhidrothymidine precursor for preparation of the radiopharmaceutical [ 18 F]FL T was carried out. The precursor was synthesized in similar manner and procedure literature and it have been obtained a crystalline product with total yield of 32,4 %. The chemical purity of the product which determined by HPLC was found to be more than 95%. Characterization of the product was done by observing the results of the LC / MS and 1 H-NMR test, the resulted data were found to be very closed to those reported in the literature. Labeling of the precursor was done by nucleophilic fluorination reactions using 18 Fluoride at 160 °C for 15 minutes with kryptofix 2.2.2 catalyst followed hydrolysis using HCI at 100 °C for 10 minutes and then neutralized with NaOH. Purification [ 18 F]FLT was performed by single cartridge Alumina-N as a substitute HPLC methods. The results have been obtained a label compound [ 18 F]FLT with high purity as a bulk for preparation of the radiopharmaceutical [ 18 F]FLT. The label compound of [ 18 F]FLT undergone a quality test which included a clarity, pH and a radiochemical purity. The results of quality control on four batches of [ 18 F]FLT showed that these products were colorless clear solution with pH between 6.0-7.5, and radiochemical purity 97.93 ± 1,48% and showed that the label compounds have been obtained [ 18 F]FLT-free particles form a clear solution with a pH between 6,0 - 7,5, radiochemical purity of 97.93 ± 1,48 %, radiochemical yields 8.18 ± 1.54% (decay uncorrected) and processing time 73 ± 4 minutes. (author)

Vapor pressure isotope effect in 13CClF3/12CClF3 by cryogenic distillation kinetics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wieck, H.J.; Ishida, T.

1975-08-01

The vapor pressure of 13 CClF 3 relative to the vapor pressure of 12 CClF 3 was measured as a function of temperature between 169 0 and 206 0 K by using a modified Bigeleisen distillation column. The transient build-up of the isotopic concentration gradient along the length of the packed column during the start-up period was monitored by taking samples from the condenser section as a function of time. The gaseous samples were completely oxidized to carbon dioxide in the presence of a platinum catalyst and a large excess of oxygen at temperatures between 1050 and 1100 0 C. The combustion products were purified by means of gas chromatography, and the purified carbon dioxide samples were analyzed in a Nier-type isotope-ratio mass spectrometer. The data of each distillation run were reduced in the light of Cohen's theory of the kinetics of square cascade of close-separation stages. The vapor pressure isotope effect for the carbon substitution in CClF 3 at temperatures between 169 0 and 206 0 K was found to be an inverse effect and to be rather insensitive to changes in temperature. The relative vapor pressure may be expressed 1n(P'/P) = [(1.5 +- 14.1)/T 2 ] - [(0.159 +- 0.076)/T], or 1n(P'/P) = [(0.173 +- 0.098)/T] - [(0.11 +- 0.53) x 10 -3 ], where P' and P are the vapor pressures of 12 CClF 3 and 13 CClF 3 , respectively. To the first-order, the presence of chlorine isotopes would not affect the fractionation of carbon isotopes by the distillation of CClF 3

PET imaging of prostate cancer with 18F-Al-NODA-MATBBN

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fei Chen; Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu; Bao Zhu; Donghui Pan; Yuping Xu; Xiufeng Lin; Runlin Yang; Lizhen Wang; Min Yang

2016-01-01

We explored the application of new bifunctional chelating agent p-SCN-NODA by conjugating to GRPR targeting peptide, MATBBN. p-SCN-NODA can increase the labeling yield to 68.3 ± 1.8 %. 18 F-Al-NODA-MATBBN can be produced within 25 min with a radiochemical purity of more than 98 %. At 30 min post-injection, the tumor uptake for 18 F-Al-NODA-MATBBN was 3.23 ± 0.23 % ID/g. Biodistribution studies revealed that 18 F-Al-NODA-MATBBN was excreted mainly through the kidneys. GRPR-binding specificity was also demonstrated by reduced tumor uptake of 18 F-Al-NODA-MATBBN after co-injection with excess unlabeled MATBBN peptide at 1 h post-injection. It suggests that 18 F-Al-NODA-MATBBN may be a potential PET tracer candidate for monitoring prostate cancer. (author)

17 CFR 240.12f-1 - Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... reinstate unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-1 Section 240.12f-1 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-1 Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges. (a) An application to reinstate unlisted...

F.F.F.F. ehetega Soomes

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2001-01-01

Põhjamaades toimuva Baltimaade kultuurifestivali raames rühmituse F.F.F.F. ehtenäitus "Igapäeva leib" Porvoos kuni 30. IX, Turus 5.-28. X. Eksponeeritakse kunstnike viimasel aastal valminud töid leivaküpsetamisele viitavates ahjuvormides.

Heritability and genetic advance studies for biochemical traits in F2-3 introgressed families of Brassica

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farhatullah, N.K.; Khalil, I.H.; Nahed, H.

2015-01-01

Higher heritability estimates along with high genetic advance values are effective in envisaging gain under selection in developing genotypes. The objective of the present study was to evaluate variability, heritability and genetic advance in 10 interspecific F2-3 families of Brassica species (B. napus * B. juncea, B. napus * B. rapa). These families were studied for heterospecific introgression of biochemical traits. Low to high heritability estimates were recorded for seed quality traits. Considerable variations within F2-3 families were observed for biochemical traits. Most of the F2-3 families for oil content and erucic showed moderate to high heritability indicating the slightest influence of environment thus modification of trait by selection would be more effective. Among F2-3 introgressed families Bn-510 x Bj-109 produced high oil i.e., 49.5% while Bn-532 x Br-118 (24.4%), Bn-533 x Bj-109 (24.1%) and high protein percentage in terms of mean performance. In the present research, individual segregating progenies of interspecific cross populations i.e., which possessed combination of desirable traits, were identified which could be incorporated in the future Breeding programs and it may facilitate varietal development. (author)

Carrier-added and no-carrier-added syntheses of (/sup 18/F)spiroperidol and (/sub 18/F)haloperidol

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kilbourn, M R; Welch, M J; Dence, C S; Tewson, T J; Saji, H; Maeda, M

1984-07-01

Syntheses of (18F)haloperidol and (18F)spiroperidol in both no-carrier-added and carrier-added forms have been accomplished. The no-carrier-added (18F)butyrophenone neuroleptics were prepared in low (less than 2%) yield by acid decomposition of aryl piperidine triazenes. Carrier-added 18F-neuroleptics were prepared in better (5-17%) yields by 18F-for-19F nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The preparation of all synthetic precursors, and procedures for radiolabeling are fully described.

F.F.F.F. / Pille Väljataga

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Väljataga, Pille

2001-01-01

Rühmituse F.F.F.F. (Berit Teeäär, Maria Valdma, Ketli Tiitsar, Kaire Rannik, Kristi Paap) esinemisest 2000. a. suvel Leedus Niida kunstnike majas. Ehteid eksponeeriti kõrvuti nende 20-kordse suurendusega fotodega.

Carrier-added and no-carrier-added syntheses of (/sup 18/F)spiroperidol and (/sup 18/F)haloperidol

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kilbourn, M R; Welch, M J; Dence, C S; Tewson, T J; Saji, H; Maeda, M [Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (USA). Edward Mallinckrodt Inst. of Radiology

1984-07-01

Syntheses of (/sup 18/F)haloperidol and (/sup 18/F)spiroperidol in both no-carrier-added and carrier-added forms have been accomplished. The no-carrier-added (/sup 18/F)butyrophenone neuroleptics were prepared in low (<2%) yield by acid decomposition of aryl piperidine triazenes. Carrier-added /sup 18/F-neuroleptics were prepared in better (5-17%) yields by /sup 18/F-for-/sup 19/F nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The preparation of all synthetic precursors, and procedures for radiolabeling are fully described.

Systematic selection for increased fruit yield in populations derived from hybridization only, F1 irradiation, and hybridization following parental irradiation in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Emery, D.A.; Wynne, J.C.

1976-01-01

Three hybrid peanut populations involving a single pair of high yielding parents were developed to determine the effects of irradiation prior to and after hybridization on the response to selection for fruit yield. The control-hybrid population was produced by making reciprocal crosses between the two parents. The pre-hybrid-irradiated population was initiated by making reciprocal crosses between the M 1 plants of the two parents irradiated as seeds. The post-hybrid-irradiated population was developed by irradiating the mature F 1 embryos of crosses between the same parents. Each of the three original populations consisted of 55 F 1 plants. Ten F 2 plants were grown from each F 1 and one F 3 plant from each F 2 was used to initiate the yield tests. Selection for increased yield was practiced systematically and uniformly in each population over the F 3 to F 5 generations until the number of lines derived from single F 1 plants was reduced to five and the number of sublines descended from particular F 2 plants to three per line for yield trials in the F 6 generation. The mean yields of the F 1 derived lines of the irradiated populations were considerably below that of the control hybrid population when selection began but they reached 99% of the control mean in the F 6 generation. Selection gains in the irradiated populations appeared to result from the removal of inferior yielding sublines since greatest progress was made by raising the lower extremities of mean F 2 derived subline ranges rather than by extending the upper extremities of the ranges. The three highest yielding lines in the F6 generation occurred in the irradiated populations while the three highest yielding sublines were found in the hybrid-control population. No incidental association between size and yield of fruit was noted and a wide range of fruit sizes was found among the high yielding lines and sublines in all populations. (author)

High radiochemical yield synthesis of [18F]FLT from 3'-O-nosylated thymidine and its 3-N-BOC-protected analogue

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yoon, M. K.; Oh, S. J.; Ryu, J. S.; Moon, D. H.

2002-01-01

We synthesized 3'-O-nosylate and its 3-N-BOC-protected thymidine derivatives as two precursors for high radiochemical yield synthesis of [ 18 F]FLT and optimized [ 18 F]fluorination conditions. (5'-O-DMTr-2'-deoxy-3'-O-nosyl-β-D-threo-pentofuranosyl)thymidine and its s 3-N-BOD-protected analogue were prepared with 54% and 28% yield, respectively. After drying of [ 18 F]F-, 3'-O-nosylate(10-30 mg) or its 3-N-BOC-protected(11-34 mg) precursor was added to 500 μl of CH3CN, respectively. The mixtures were heated at 100-130 .deg. C for 5-30 min. For hydrolysis, 250-500 μl 1N HCl at 50 .deg. C for 5 min condition was used and 1.5ml of 2M sodium acetate was used for neutralization. Reaction mixture was purified by HPLC. The optimal [ 18 F]fluorination yield of 3'-O-nosylate precursor was 85±5.4% with 34 mg of precursor and a reaction time of 5 min at 130 .deg. C. For 3-N-BOC-protected analogue, [ 18 F]fluorination yield was 82±5.4% with 34 mg of precursor and a reaction time of 5 min at 110. deg. C. After HPLC purification, overall radiochemical yield using each precursors were 40±5.2% and 42±5.4% and radiochemical purity were 98±0.5% and 97±2.1% for two precursors, respectively. Preparation time was 60±10.5 min including HPLC purification for two precursors. From these two precursors, [ 18 F]FLT can be easily prepared with high radiochemical yield. 3-N-BOC-protected precursor required milder [ 18 F]fluorination conditions than 3'-O-nosylate precursor

An Increase in Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 12F

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2018-02-08

Dr. Cynthia Whitney, a CDC medical doctor and Epidemiologist, discusses serotype 12F pneumoniae.  Created: 2/8/2018 by National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID).   Date Released: 2/8/2018.

Solar System constraints to general f(R) gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chiba, Takeshi; Smith, Tristan L.; Erickcek, Adrienne L.

2007-01-01

It has been proposed that cosmic acceleration or inflation can be driven by replacing the Einstein-Hilbert action of general relativity with a function f(R) of the Ricci scalar R. Such f(R) gravity theories have been shown to be equivalent to scalar-tensor theories of gravity that are incompatible with Solar System tests of general relativity, as long as the scalar field propagates over Solar System scales. Specifically, the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) parameter in the equivalent scalar-tensor theory is γ=1/2, which is far outside the range allowed by observations. In response to a flurry of papers that questioned the equivalence of f(R) theory to scalar-tensor theories, it was recently shown explicitly, without resorting to the scalar-tensor equivalence, that the vacuum field equations for 1/R gravity around a spherically symmetric mass also yield γ=1/2. Here we generalize this analysis to f(R) gravity and enumerate the conditions that, when satisfied by the function f(R), lead to the prediction that γ=1/2

Relationships among quantitative traits in F3, F4 and F5 wheat hybrids obtained by pedigree and bulk selection

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janković Snežana

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Relationships among quantitative traits of wheat were analyzed in parents and their F3, F4 and F5 hybrids. Three female parents (Briscard, Carifen 12 and Rescler were crossed with two male parents (Francuska and PKB-Prelivka. Same crosses were repeated 4 years, from 1996 to 1999. Hybrids were obtained via pedigree and bulk selection. In year 2000 the field experiments were set up with all parental and hybrid material, at the Institute 'PKB INI Agroekonomik', in Padinska Skela, near Belgrade. Six traits were measured: plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain weight per spike. In parental genotypes, it was found grain mass per spike was in significant and positive correlation with 1000 grain mass and number of grains per spike. As in parents, correlation between grain mass per spike and 1000 grain weight was almost functional in F3, F4 and F5 hybrids. However, correlation between grain mass per spike and number of grains per spike was negative or slight positive in hybrid descendents, what is surprising because it is oppositely to the parents. Similar values of correlation coefficients were found in both applied methods of selection. This fact shows correlations change between generations. Grain mass per spike depends on a 1000 grain mass in both, parental and hybrid generations. Stable relationship between traits could be use for selection of high yielding genotypes.

Electrochemistry of TiF{sub 4} in 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andriyko, Yuriy, E-mail: yuriy.andriyko@cest.a [Centre of Electrochemical Surface Technology (CEST), Viktor Kaplan-Strasse 2, A-2700 Wiener Neustadt (Austria); Andriiko, Alexander [National Technical University of Ukraine ' Kyiv Polytechnic Institute' , Prospect Peremogy 37, 03057 Kyiv (Ukraine); Babushkina, Olga B. [Centre of Electrochemical Surface Technology (CEST), Viktor Kaplan-Strasse 2, A-2700 Wiener Neustadt (Austria); Nauer, Gerhard E. [Centre of Electrochemical Surface Technology (CEST), Viktor Kaplan-Strasse 2, A-2700 Wiener Neustadt (Austria); Vienna University, Faculty of Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Wien (Austria)

2010-01-01

Electrochemical behaviour of Ti(IV) species in the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMMImBF{sub 4}) was studied by means of chronopotentiometry (CP) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) in melts with different concentrations of TiF{sub 4} (2-35 mol%) within a temperature range of 65-180 deg. C. The electrochemical reduction of Ti(IV) was suggested to proceed via the sequence of one-electron steps with the formation of poorly soluble low valence intermediates (LVI). LVIs undergo further solid-state electrochemical reduction to Ti metal. Thin Ti coatings on a Pt substrate were thus obtained and characterized by ESEM method. FTIR spectroscopy was used for identification of the electrochemical active species of Ti(IV). The reaction 2BF{sub 4}{sup -} + TiF{sub 4} reversible TiF{sub 6}{sup 2-} + 2BF{sub 3}arrow up takes place in the concentrated solutions of TiF{sub 4} at elevated temperatures.

Carrier-added and no-carrier-added syntheses of [18F]spiroperidol and [18F]haloperidol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kilbourn, M.R.; Welch, M.J.; Dence, C.S.; Tewson, T.J.; Saji, H.; Maeda, M.

1984-01-01

Syntheses of [ 18 F]haloperidol and [ 18 F]spiroperidol in both no-carrier-added and carrier-added forms have been accomplished. The no-carrier-added [ 18 F]butyrophenone neuroleptics were prepared in low ( 18 F-neuroleptics were prepared in better (5-17%) yields by 18 F-for- 19 F nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The preparation of all synthetic precursors, and procedures for radiolabeling are fully described. (author)

Importancia de la práctica físico-deportiva y del género en el autoconcepto físico de los 9 a los 23 años

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Antonio Moreno

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este estudio descriptivo mediante encuesta es comprobar los efectos de la edad, el género y la práctica físico-deportiva en el autoconcepto físico en estudiantes de 9 a 23 años. La muestra está compuesta por 2.332 alumnos a los que se les pasó el Physical Self-concept Questionary (PSQ. Tras distintos análisis de correlación, univariantes, multivariantes y de regresión, los resultados revelan que tanto la autoestima como el autoconcepto físico están influenciados por la edad, el género y la práctica físico-deportiva, destacando como principal aportación que la práctica de alguna actividad física o deportiva es la que más predice la autoestima en particular y el autoconcepto físico, en general. Por otro lado, son los varones los que presentan una mayor autoestima, imagen corporal, competencia y condición física. En cuanto a la evolución de la autoestima y el autoconcepto físico de los 9 a los 23 años, solo se observan diferencias significativas en la competencia percibida y la condición física. Como conclusión, este estudio muestra la relevancia que la edad, el género y la práctica físico-deportiva extraescolar parecen tener sobre la elaboración del autoconcepto físico.

Synthesis of [18F]-N-3-fluoro-propyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane ([18F]-FP-β-CIT)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fang Ping; Chen Zhengping; Lin Yansong; Zhou Xian; Du Yikui

2001-01-01

The ligand of N-(3-fluoro-propyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4'-iodophenyl) nortropane (FP-β-CIT) and mesylate precursor were synthesized by hydrolysis of cocaine, followed by dehydration, esterification, Grignard reaction, N-demethylation, iodination, N-alkylation with 3-bromo-propanol and methyl-sulfonyl. Finally, 18 F-FP-β-CIT was prepared by nucleophilic fluorination of the mesylate with K 18 F/K 2.2.2 (Kryptofix). The labelling yield of 18 F-FP-β-CIT is 25%-30%. The total radiochemical yield of this compound, calculated from the end of bombardment (EOB) with decay correction, is 10%-12% with a synthesis time of 100-110 min. The radiochemical purity of 18 F-FP-β-CIT is greater than 90%, and this compound in aqueous solution is also stable for more than 4 hours at room temperature. It is stable enough for clinical study

Scintillation properties of LiF–SrF2 and LiF–CaF2 eutectic

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yanagida, Takayuki; Kawaguchi, Noriaki; Fujimoto, Yutaka; Fukuda, Kentaro; Watanabe, Kenichi; Yamazaki, Atsushi; Uritani, Akira

2013-01-01

Dopant free eutectic scintillators 6 LiF–SrF 2 and 6 LiF–CaF 2 were developed by the vertical Bridgeman method for the purpose of thermal neutron detection. The molar ratio of LiF and Ca/SrF 2 was 4:1 on its eutectic composition. The α-ray induced radioluminescence spectra of the scintillators showed intense emission peak at 300 nm due to the emission from the self-trapped exciton in Ca/SrF 2 layers. When the samples were irradiated with 252 Cf neutrons, 6 LiF–SrF 2 and 6 LiF–CaF 2 exhibited the light yields of 4700 and 9400 ph/n, respectively. Scintillation decay times of 6 LiF–SrF 2 and 6 LiF–CaF 2 were accepted for scintillation detectors, 90 and 250 ns, respectively. -- Highlights: • Nondoped LiF–CaF 2 and LiF–SrF 2 eutectic scinitillators are reported for the first time. • Two sample showed self-trapped exciton emission. • LiF–SrF 2 sample exhibited the light yield of 9400 ph/n and this value was comparable to conventional materials doped with rare earth ions. • Scintillation decay times of LiF–CaF 2 and LiF–SrF 2 were 250 and 90 ns, respectively

Media for identification of Gibberella zeae and production of F-2-(Zearalenone).

Science.gov (United States)

Bacon, C W; Robbins, J D; Porter, J K

1977-02-01

Media are described for the isolaton of Fusarium graminearum in the perithecial state, Gibberella zeae, and for the production of F-2 (zearalenone) by Fusarium species. On soil extract-corn meal agar isolated medium, G. Zeae produced perithecia in 9 to 14 days under a 12-h photoperiod. Species of Fusarium were screened for F-2 production on a liquid medium. From strains that produced F-2, the yields, from stationary cultures of G. zeae and F. culmorum after 12 days of incubation, ranged from 22 to 86 mg/liter. Three strains produced no F-2. Glumatic acid, starch, yeast extract,and the proper ratio of medium volume-to-flask volume were necessary for F-2 synthesis.

Hyperthermal K--TeF6 molecular beam scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wagner, A.F.; Young, C.E.; Pobo, L.G.; Wexler, S.

1982-01-01

Angular distributions of K + product ions from collisions of a beam of hyperthermal K atoms with a cross beam of thermal TeF 6 molecules were determined at 13.7 and 23.7 eV (lab). The angular yields of K atom products from the same system were too low to permit measurement of angular distributions. From the integrated yields, the K + ion/K atom branching ratio was determined to be greater than 10 3 . In addition to the extremely large branching ratio, the differential cross sections exhibited several other unusual characteristics: (a) the lack of small angle scattering, corresponding to virtual absence of covalent scattering, (b) two peaks in the differential cross section with an outer rainbow feature at very large scattering angles (approx.275 eV deg). The observations are unexpected from previous experimental and theoretical studies of electron transfer reactions and from the electronic and structural properties of TeF 6 and TeF - 6 . A simplified dynamics model based on formation of electronically excited TeF - 6 in the initial electron transfer, followed by inner crossings leading to formation of electronically and vibrationally unexcited TeF - 6 or dissociation to TeF - 5 and other ionic products, has been developed which accounts for the experimental results. The model suggests that the observed two peaks in the differential cross section are due to the production of TeF - 6 (inner peak) or TeF - 5 and other ionic dissociation products (outer peak). The model also suggests that the observed branching ratio requires a vertical electron affinity of < or =1.9 eV, much lower than its adiabatic electron affinity of 3.3 eV

Spread-F occurrences and relationships with foF2 and h'F at low- and mid-latitudes in China

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Ning; Guo, Lixin; Zhao, Zhenwei; Ding, Zonghua; Lin, Leke

2018-04-01

Ionospheric irregularities are an important phenomenon in scientific studies and applications of radio-wave propagation. Spread-F echoes in ionograms are a type of high-frequency band irregularities that include frequency spread-F (FSF), range spread-F (RSF), and mixed spread-F (MSF) events. In this study, we obtained spread-F data from four ionosondes at low- and mid-latitudes near the 120°E chain in China during the 23rd solar cycle. We used these data to investigate spread-F occurrence percentages and variations with local time, season, latitude, and solar activity. The four ionosondes were located at Haikou (HK) (20°N, 110.34°E), Guangzhou (GZ) (23.14°N, 113.36°E), Beijing (BJ) (40.11°N, 116.28°E), and Changchun (CC) (43.84°N, 125.28°E). We also present possible correlations between spread-Fs and other ionospheric parameters, such as the critical frequency of the F2-layer (foF2) and the virtual height of the bottom-side F-layer (h'F). In particular, we investigated the possible threshold of the foF2 affecting the FSF and the relationship between the h'F and the RSF. The main conclusions are as follows: (a) the FSF occurrence percentages were anti-correlated with solar activity at all four sites; meanwhile, RSF occurrence rates increased with the increase in solar activity at HK, but not at the other three sites; (b) FSF occurrence rates were larger at the mid-latitudes than expected, while FSFs occurred more often after midnight; (c) the highest FSF occurrence rates mostly appeared during the summer months, while RSFs occurred mostly in the equinoctial months of 2000-2002 at HK and GZ; (d) a lower foF2 was suitable for FSF events; nevertheless, h'F and RSF occurrences satisfied the parabolic relationship; (e) the foF2 thresholds for FSFs were 15, 14, 7.6, and 7.8 MHz at HK, GZ, BJ, and CC, respectively. The h'Fs occurring between 240 and 290 km were more favorable for RSF occurrences. These results are important for understanding ionospheric

Radiosynthesis of [F-18]fluoxetine as a potential radiotracer for serotonin reuptake sites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Das, M.K.; Mukherjee, Jogeshwar

1993-01-01

Synthesis of 4-nitro-α-bromo-α,α-difluorotoluene was accomplished in two steps starting from 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, with a 30% overall yield. Radiolabeling of 4-nitro-α-bromo-α, α-difluorotoluene with no-carrier-added [ 18 F]fluoride provided 4-nitro-α,α-difluoro-α-[ 18 F] fluorotoluene in 2-4% yields with a specific activity of 2590 GBq/mmol (70 Ci/mmol). The effect of the reaction temperature on the radiochemical yield and specific activity of the radiolabeling reaction was studied. Radiochemical yields increased, whereas specific activity decreased, with increasing temperature. Radiosynthesis of [ 18 F] fluoxetine involved coupling of 4-nitro-α,α-difluoro-α-[ 18 F]fluorotoluene with the sodium alkoxide of (S)-3-(methylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol. The overall yield of HPLC purified [ 18 F]fluoxetine was 1-2% (decay-corrected; total radiosynthesis time, 150-180 min). The specific activity of the product was 1480 GBq/mmol (40 Ci/mmol). (Author)

Radiosynthesis of [F-18]fluoxetine as a potential radiotracer for serotonin reuptake sites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Das, M.K.; Mukherjee, Jogeshwar (Chicago Univ., IL (United States). Dept. of Radiology)

1993-05-01

Synthesis of 4-nitro-[alpha]-bromo-[alpha],[alpha]-difluorotoluene was accomplished in two steps starting from 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, with a 30% overall yield. Radiolabeling of 4-nitro-[alpha]-bromo-[alpha], [alpha]-difluorotoluene with no-carrier-added [[sup 18]F]fluoride provided 4-nitro-[alpha],[alpha]-difluoro-[alpha]-[[sup 18]F] fluorotoluene in 2-4% yields with a specific activity of 2590 GBq/mmol (70 Ci/mmol). The effect of the reaction temperature on the radiochemical yield and specific activity of the radiolabeling reaction was studied. Radiochemical yields increased, whereas specific activity decreased, with increasing temperature. Radiosynthesis of [[sup 18]F] fluoxetine involved coupling of 4-nitro-[alpha],[alpha]-difluoro-[alpha]-[[sup 18]F]fluorotoluene with the sodium alkoxide of (S)-3-(methylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol. The overall yield of HPLC purified [[sup 18]F]fluoxetine was 1-2% (decay-corrected; total radiosynthesis time, 150-180 min). The specific activity of the product was 1480 GBq/mmol (40 Ci/mmol). (Author).

Full Automatic synthesis of [18F]FMISO

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seung Jun Oh; Se Hun Kang; Jin-Sook Ryu; Dae Hyuk Moon

2004-01-01

[ 18 F]FMISO is a radiopharmaceutical for hypoxia imaging. Although it was developed in 1986, there has been no report about automatic synthesis. In this experiment, we established the full automatic synthesis of [ 18 F]FMISO and evaluate the stability according to ICH guideline. Method: We used GE MicroLab MX for automatic synthesis. Sequence program was modified to control of the module as follows: [ 18 F]Fluoride drying→[ 18 F]fluorination→trapping of reaction mixture on C18 cartridge→purification-elution of reaction mixture→hydrolysis and HPLC purification. We used disposable cassette for each synthesis and discard it after synthesis. To find optimal synthesis condition, we tested 90 120 degree C as reaction temperature, 5 15 mg of 1-(2-nitro-1-imidazolyl) -2-O-tetrahtdropyranyl-3-O-toluenesulfonyl-propanediol as precursor and 5 15 min as [ 18 F]fluorination time. HPLC purification condition was EtOH:H20 = 5:95, 5ml/min with Alltech Econosil column. To check the stability of production, we performed 30 times of run. We checked the radiochemical stability until 6 hours at 25 degree C and 40% humidity condition. We also performed the stability test at 50 70 degree C with 60-80% humidity condition or under UV light for 6 hours after synthesis for acceleration test, Results: The optimal [ 18 F] fluorination condition was 10mg of precursor and 15 min incubation at 110 degree C. Hydrolysis was performed at 105 degree C for 5 min. After HPLC purification, radiochemical yields and purity were 45±2.8 and 98±1.2%, respectively. Total synthesis time was 60±5.2 min. [ 18 F]FMISO was stable until 6 hours after production with 97±2.4% of radiochemical purity. [ 18 F]FMISO was also stable in acceleration test and photochemical test with 97±2.4 and 97±2.8% of radiochemical purity, respectively. Conclusion: We established the full automatic synthesis method of [ 18 F]FMISO with reproducible high production yield. [18F]FMISO synthesized by this method was stable

Microwave-assisted one-pot radiosynthesis of 2′-deoxy-2′-[18F]fluoro-5-methyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil ([18F]-FMAU)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Kai; Li Zibo; Conti, Peter S.

2012-01-01

Objectives: [ 18 F]-FMAU is a PET tracer being evaluated for imaging cell proliferation. Current multi-step procedures of [ 18 F]-FMAU synthesis are time-consuming, resulting in low radiochemical yield and inconvenient applications for the clinic. We have previously reported the use of Friedel-Crafts catalysts for an improved synthesis of [ 18 F]-FMAU. In this study, we investigated the efficiency of microwave-assisted radiosynthesis of [ 18 F]-FMAU in comparison with conventional thermal conditions. Methods: A simplified one-pot synthesis of [ 18 F]-FMAU was developed under microwave conditions. Various reaction times, temperatures, and microwave powers were systematically explored to optimize the coupling reaction of 2-deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro-1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-D-arabinofuranose ([ 18 F]-sugar) and bis-2,4-(trimethylsilyloxy)-5-methyluracil (silylated uracil) in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf). Results: Microwave significantly enhanced the coupling efficiency of [ 18 F]-sugar and silylated uracil by reducing the reaction time to 10 min (6-fold reduction as compared to conventional heating) at 95 °C. Base hydrolysis followed by high-performance liquid chromatography purification produced the desired [ 18 F]-FMAU. The overall radiochemical yield was 20 ± 4% (decay corrected, n = 3). Radiochemical purity was > 99% and specific activity was > 400 mCi/μmol. The α/β anomer ratio was 1:2. The radiosynthesis time was about 90 min from the end of bombardment. Conclusions: A reliable microwave-assisted approach has been developed for routine synthesis of [ 18 F]-FMAU. The new approach affords a simplified process with shorter synthesis time and higher radiochemical yield as compared to conventional heating. A fully automated microwave-assisted synthesis of [ 18 F]-FMAU can be readily achieved under new reaction conditions.

Combined 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Sarcoma Patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Tatianie; Mosci, Camila; von Eyben, Rie; Mittra, Erik; Ganjoo, Kristen; Biswal, Sandip; Gambhir, Sanjiv Sam; Iagaru, Andrei

2015-09-01

The combined administration of F-NaF and F-FDG in a single PET/CT scan has the potential to improve patient convenience and cancer detection. Here we report the use of this approach for patients with sarcomas. This is a retrospective review of 21 patients (12 men, 9 women; age, 19-66 years) with biopsy-proven sarcomas who had separate F-NaF PET/CT, F-FDG PET/CT, and combined F-NaF/F-FDG PET/CT scans for evaluation of malignancy. Two board-certified nuclear medicine physicians and 1 board-certified musculoskeletal radiologist were randomly assigned to review the scans. Results were analyzed for sensitivity and specificity, using linear regression and receiver operating characteristics. A total of 13 patients had metastatic disease on F-NaF PET/CT, F-FDG PET/CT, and combined F-NaF/F-FDG PET/CT. Skeletal disease was more extensive on the F-NaF PET/CT scan than on the F-FDG PET/CT in 3 patients, whereas in 1 patient, F-FDG PET/CT showed skeletal disease and the F-NaF PET/CT was negative. Extraskeletal lesions were detected on both F-FDG and combined F-NaF/F-FDG PET/CT in 20 patients, with 1 discordant finding in the lung. The combined F-NaF/F-FDG PET/CT scan allows for accurate evaluation of sarcoma patients. Further evaluation of this proposed imaging modality is warranted to identify the most suitable clinical scenarios, including initial treatment strategy and evaluation of response to therapy.

Inheritance of spike length in F3, F4 and F5 wheat hybrids obtained by different selection methods

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janković Snežana

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This study analyses the mode of inheritance of spike length in F3, F4 and F5 wheat hybrids obtained by pedigree, bulk and modified pedigree method of selection. Wheat hybrids were produced after crossing five varieties by M x N method. Three varieties were used as a female parent (Briscard, Carifen 12 and Rescler and two as a male component (Francuska and PKB-Prelivka. Descendents in F2 generation were produced from 6 F1 hybrids (3 x 2. Selection after F2 generation were undertaken from 1996 to 1999, while in 2000 the field experiments with complete breeding material were set up at the Institute 'PKB INI Agroekonomik' in Padinska Skela near Belgrade. Spike length was measured in progeny generations, from F3 to F5. It was observed that progenies had higher values for spike length than better parent (BP, with longer spikes in 5 out of 6 analyzed hybrids: Briscard x PKB-Prelivka, Carifen 12 x Francuska, Carifen 12 x PKB-Prelivka, Rescler x Francuska, and Rescler x PKB-Prelivka. From the above mentioned hybrid combinations, only Rescler x Francuska descendents in F5 generation obtained by pedigree and bulk selection inherited the spike length from the parent with lower value. High significant interaction was observed for spike length between genotype and generation of progenies in each of the applied selection methods.

Efficient automated synthesis of 2-(5-["1"8F]fluoropentyl)-2-methylmalonic acid (["1"8F]ML-10) on a commercial available ["1"8F]FDG synthesis module

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Shaoyu; Nie, Dahong; Jiang, Shende; Tang, Ganghua

2017-01-01

["1"8F]ML-10 (2-(5-["1"8F]fluoro-pentyl)-2-methylmalonic acid) is a small molecule positron emission tomography (PET) probe for apoptosis imaging. Automated synthesis of ["1"8F]ML-10 was developed by using two different purification methods through a direct saponification procedure on a modified commercial ["1"8F]Fluoro-2-Deoxyglucose (["1"8F]FDG) synthesizer. C18 purification method 1: The final ["1"8F]ML-10 solution containing ethanol was obtained with radiochemical yields of 60±5% (n=5) at the end of bombardment (EOB) and radiochemical purity of 98% in 35 min. Al_2O_3 and SCX purification method 2: To avoid possible side effects of a conventional ethanol-containing formulation, an new ethanol-free solution of ["1"8F]ML-10 was also developed, the radiochemical yields was 50±5% (n=5, EOB) within 45 min and the radiochemical purity was 98%. - Highlights: • The production of ["1"8F]ML-10 was optimized by using a straightforward saponification procedure. • Automated synthesis was performed on a commonly FDG synthesis module. • An ethanol-containing ["1"8F]ML-10 formulation was obtained with high radiochemical yield in a shorter time. • An ethanol-free formulation method of ["1"8F]ML-10 was also developed.

Diels-Alder reactions using 4,7-dioxygenated indanones as dienophiles for regioselective construction of oxygenated 2,3-dihydrobenz[f]indenone skeleton

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Regioselective construction of 4,8,9-trioxygenated 2,3-dihydrobenz[f]indenones, key intermediates for the synthesis of kinamycin antibiotics, was achieved via Diels-Alder reactions (DAR using 4,7-dioxygenated indanone-type compounds as dienophiles. Reaction of indanetrione with 1-methoxybutadiene gave a 1 : 1 mixture of undesired 4,5,9-trioxygenated 2,3-dihydrobenz[f]indenone and [4.4.3]propellane. The addition of Lewis acid did not affect the product ratio, whereas the use of the 6-bromoindanetrione exclusively afforded the latter propellane. On the other hand, DAR of benzyne derived from bromoindan and furan gave 5,8-epoxy-2,3-dihydrobenz[f]indene, which was subjected to acid-induced ring opening to give 2,3-dihydrobenz[f]indenone with undesired 4,5,9-trioxy functions.

Insulation Strength and Decomposition Characteristics of a C6F12O and N2 Gas Mixture

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Xiaoxing Zhang

2017-08-01

Full Text Available This paper explores the decomposition characteristics of a new type of environmentally friendly insulating gas C6F12O and N2 mixed gas under AC voltage. The breakdown behavior of 3% C6F12O and N2 mixed gas in quasi-uniform field was investigated through a breakdown experiment. The self-recovery of the mixed gas was analyzed by 100 breakdown experiments. The decomposition products of C6F12O and N2 under breakdown voltage were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC-MS. Finally, the decomposition process of the products was calculated by density functional theory, and the ionization energy, affinity, and molecular orbital gap of the decomposition products were also calculated. The properties of the decomposition products were analyzed from the aspects of insulation and environmental protection. The experimental results show that the 3% C6F12O and N2 mixed gas did not show a downward trend over 100 breakdown tests under a 0.10 MPa breakdown voltage. The decomposition products after breakdown were CF4, C2F6, C3F6, C3F8, C4F10, and C5F12. The ionization energies of several decomposition products are more than 10 eV. The Global Warming Potential (GWP values of the main products are lower than SF6. C2F6, C3F8, and C4F10 have better insulation properties.

Studies of genetics of yield and yield component characters in F2 ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Jane

2011-08-03

Aug 3, 2011 ... 1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai ... the F3's of the cross ADT 38 x ADT 37 for hundred seed weight and the F3's the cross ADT 38 x ADT 44 ...... Recombination in species crosses.

Determination of dissociation enthalpies of KPbF3, RbPbF3, CsPbF3 complex molecules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boltalin, A.I.; Rykov, A.N.; Korenev, Yu.M.

1990-01-01

Isomolecular reactions in MPbF 3(g) -BeF 2(g) systems where M=K, Rb, Cs are studied using Knudsen effusion technique with mass-spectral analysis of evaporation products. Enthalpy values of dissociation of MPbF 3 molecules per lead difluoride and alkali metal fluoride which are equal to 212.1±12.6 kJ/mol for CsPbF 3 are determined

Synthesis of 4-([{sup 18}F]fluoromethyl)-2-chlorophenylisothiocyanate: a novel bifunctional {sup 18}F-labelling agent

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wuest, F.; Mueller, M.; Bergmann, R. [Inst. fuer Bioanorganische und Radiopharmazeutische Chemie, FZ-Rossendorf e.V., Dresden (Germany)

2004-07-01

The one-step radiosynthesis of 4-([{sup 18}F]fluoromethyl)-2-chlorophenylisothiocyanate {sup 18}F-7 as a novel bifunctional {sup 18}F-labelling agent is described. Optimised reaction conditions in a remotely controlled synthesis module gave isothiocyanate {sup 18}F-7 in radiochemical yields of 45% (decay-corrected) within 40 min and high radiochemical purity of > 95% after solid-phase-extraction. Coupling of compound {sup 18}F-7 with the primary amine benzylamine as a model reaction afforded the corresponding ((4-[{sup 18}F]fluoromethyl)-2-chloro-phenyl)-benzyl thiourea {sup 18}F-8 in a high radiochemical yield of > 90%. Stability studies of thiourea {sup 18}F-8 in terms of radiodefluorination showed appreciable buffer stability at pH 7.4, whereas significant radiodefluorination was observed when {sup 18}F-8 was incubated in buffers at pH 3.6 and pH 9.4. Preliminary dynamic PET studies with thiourea {sup 18}F-8 in male Wistar rats showed high bone accumulation, indicative of high in vivo radiodefluorination. (orig.)

Environment effects for earliness and grain yield traits in F1 diallel populations of maize (Zea mays L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Sardar; Khan, Naqib Ullah; Khalil, Iftikhar Hussain; Iqbal, Muhammad; Gul, Samrin; Ahmed, Sheraz; Ali, Naushad; Sajjad, Mohammad; Afridi, Khilwat; Ali, Imtiaz; Khan, Shah Masaud

2017-10-01

Five maize inbred lines, 20 F 1 diallel hybrids and two check genotypes were evaluated through genotype × environment interaction (GEI) and GGE biplot for earliness and yield traits at four locations. Genotype, environment and GEI showed highly significant differences for all the traits. In total sum of squares, environment and genotype played a primary role, followed by GEI. Larger effects of environment and genotype to total variation influence the earliness and yield traits. However, according to the GGE biplot, the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained 95% of the variation caused by GEI. GGE biplot confirmed the differential response of genotypes across environments. F 1 hybrid SWAJK-1 × FRHW-3 had better stability, with a good yield, and was considered an ideal genotype. F 1 hybrid FRHW-2 × FRHW-1 showed more earliness at CCRI and Haripur, followed by PSEV3 × FRHW-2 and its reciprocal at Swat and Mansehra, respectively. F 1 hybrids FRHW-1 × SWAJK-1, PSEV3 × SWAJK-1 and SWAJK-1 × FRHW-3 at Mansehra and Swat produced maximum grain yield, followed by SWAJK-1 × FRHW-1 and PSEV3 × FRHW-1 at Haripur and CCRI, respectively. Overall, maize genotypes showed early maturity in plain areas (CCRI and Haripur) but higher yield in hilly areas (Mansehra and Swat). © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

F.F.F.F. armastab mõtestada ennast / Reet Varblane

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Varblane, Reet, 1952-

2002-01-01

Rühmituse F.F.F.F. (Kristi Paap, Kaire Rannik, Berit Teeäär, Ketli Tiitsar, Maria Valdma) näitus "Meie igapäevane leib" 9. novembrini Hansapanga galeriis ja näitus "Pentagramm" 26. X-1. XII Tarbekunstimuuseumis

Robotic production of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose: a routine method of synthesis using tetrabutylammonium [18F]fluoride

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brodack, J.W.; Dence, C.S.; Kilbourn, M.R.; Welch, M.J.

1988-01-01

Using existing robotic hardware and software programs developed for the synthesis of several positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals for PET imaging, the additional automated synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro-D-glucose (2-[ 18 F]FDG) has been incorporated into our Zymate Laboratory Automation System. The robotic synthesis of 2-[ 18 F]FDG took less than one week to implement, including the organization of software subroutines and construction of an additional heating station. The end of synthesis yield (12-17%) and radiochemical purity (96-99%) for the robotic preparation of 2-[ 18 F]FDG is similar to that of the manual synthesis. This automated method uses anhydrous tetrabutylammonium [ 18 F]fluoride as the reactive fluoride source in the labeling step. The procedure is a modification of the synthesis reported by Hamacher et al. [Hamacher et al. (1986) J. Nucl. Med. 27, 235]. (author)

F F Sun

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Bulletin of Materials Science. F F Sun. Articles written in Bulletin of Materials Science. Volume 37 Issue 1 February 2014 pp 71-76. Study of electroless copper plating on ABS resin surface modified by heterocyclic organosilane self-assembled film · H N Zhang J Wang F F Sun D Liu H Y Wang F Wang.

Synthesis and biodistribution of 18F-labeled fluoronitroimidazoles: Potential in vivo markers of hypoxic tissue

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jerabek, P.A.; Kilbourn, M.R.; Dischino, D.D.; Welch, M.J.; Patrick, T.B.; Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville

1986-01-01

Three 18 F labeled fluoronitroimidazoles have been prepared as potential in vivo markers of hypoxic cells in tumors, and ischemic areas of the heart and brain. 1-(2-Nitroimidazolyl)-3-[ 18 F]fluoro-2-hydroxy-propanol ([ 18 F]fluoro-normethoxymisonidazole 4, 1-(2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl)-2-nitroimidazole 7, and 1-(2-[ 18 F]-fluoroethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitromidazole ([ 18 F]fluoro-norhydroxymetronidazole) 10 were prepared in average radiochemical yields of 18 F labeled fluoronitroimidazoles. At 1 and 3 h after administration, the tissue distribution of each of the 18 F labeled nitroimidazoles was quite uniform and consistent with that of nitroimidazoles previously studied. These results suggest the need for a suitable animal model to evaluate their potential as in vivo markers of hypoxic tissue in the brain. (author)

Investigation into the MgF2-NiF2, CaF2-NiF2, SrF2-NiF2 systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ikrami, D.D.; Petrov, S.V.; Fedorov, P.P.; Ol'khovaya, L.A.; Luginina, A.A.; AN SSSR, Moscow. Inst. Fizicheskikh Problem; AN SSSR, Moscow. Inst. Kristallografii)

1984-01-01

Using the methods of differential thermal and X-ray phase analyses the systems MgF 2 -NiF 2 , CaF 2 -NiF 2 , SrF 2 -NiF 2 have been studied. In the system SrF 2 -NiF 2 the only orthorhombic compounds SrNiF 4 (a=14.43; b=3.93; c=5.66 (+-0.01 A)) is formed. SrNiF 4 density constitutes: dsub(X-ray)=4.60+-0.01 g/cm 3 , dsub(exp.)=4.60+-0.03 g/cm 3 . Refraction indices are as follows SrNiF 4 :Ng=1.500; Nsub(m)=1.497; Nsub(p)=1.479. SrNiF 4 magnetic ordering temperature Tsub(N) approximately 100 K

The Osmium(VIII) Oxofluoro Cations OsO(2)F(3)(+) and F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+): Syntheses, Characterization by (19)F NMR Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Crystal Structure of F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+)Sb(2)F(11)(-), and Density Functional Theory Calculations of OsO(2)F(3)(+), ReO(2)F(3), and F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+).

Science.gov (United States)

Casteel, William J.; Dixon, David A.; Mercier, Hélène P. A.; Schrobilgen, Gary J.

1996-07-17

Osmium dioxide tetrafluoride, cis-OsO(2)F(4), reacts with the strong fluoride ion acceptors AsF(5) and SbF(5) in anhydrous HF and SbF(5) solutions to form orange salts. Raman spectra are consistent with the formation of the fluorine-bridged diosmium cation F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+), as the AsF(6)(-) and Sb(2)F(11)(-) salts, respectively. The (19)F NMR spectra of the salts in HF solution are exchange-averaged singlets occurring at higher frequency than those of the fluorine environments of cis-OsO(2)F(4). The F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+)Sb(2)F(11)(-) salt crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Imma. At -107 degrees C, a = 12.838(3) Å, b = 10.667(2) Å, c = 11.323(2) Å, V = 1550.7(8) Å(3), and Z = 4. Refinement converged with R = 0.0469 [R(w) = 0.0500]. The crystal structure consists of discrete fluorine-bridged F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+) and Sb(2)F(11)(-) ions in which the fluorine bridge of the F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+) cation is trans to an oxygen atom (Os-O 1.676 Å) of each OsO(2)F(3) group. The angle at the bridge is 155.2(8) degrees with a bridging Os---F(b) distance of 2.086(3) Å. Two terminal fluorine atoms (Os-F 1.821 Å) are cis to the two oxygen atoms (Os-O 1.750 Å), and two terminal fluorine atoms of the OsO(2)F(3) group are trans to one another (1.813 Å). The OsO(2)F(3)(+) cation was characterized by (19)F NMR and by Raman spectroscopy in neat SbF(5) solution but was not isolable in the solid state. The NMR and Raman spectroscopic findings are consistent with a trigonal bipyramidal cation in which the oxygen atoms and a fluorine atom occupy the equatorial plane and two fluorine atoms are in axial positions. Density functional theory calculations show that the crystallographic structure of F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+) is the energy-minimized structure and the energy-minimized structures of the OsO(2)F(3)(+) cation and ReO(2)F(3) are trigonal bipyramidal having C(2)(v)() point symmetry. Attempts to prepare the OsOF(5)(+) cation by oxidative fluorination of cis

Improved synthesis of 2'-deoxy-2'-[18F]-fluoro-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-iodouracil ([18F]-FIAU)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anderson, Harry; Pillarsetty, NagaVaraKishore; Cantorias, Melchor; Lewis, Jason S.

2010-01-01

An improved synthesis of 2'-[ 18 F]-fluoro-2'-deoxy-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-iodouracil ([ 18 F]-FIAU) has been developed. The method utilizes trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) catalyzed coupling of 2-deoxy-2-[ 18 F]-fluoro-1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-D-arabinofuranose with 2,4-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-5-iodouracil to yield the protected dibenzoyl-[ 18 F]-FIAU. Dibenzoyl-[ 18 F]-FIAU was deprotected with sodium methoxide to yield a mixture of α- and β-anomers in a ratio of 1:1, which were purified by HPLC. The procedure described in this article eliminates the need for HBr activation of the sugar prior to coupling with silylated iodouracil and is suitable for automation. The total reaction time was about 110 min, starting from [ 18 F]-fluoride. The average isolated yield of the required β-anomer was 10±6% (decay corrected) with average specific activity of 125 mCi/μmol.

C30F12.4 influences oogenesis, fat metabolism, and lifespan in C. elegans

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Lu Wang

2016-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Reproduction, fat metabolism, and longevity are intertwined regulatory axes; recent studies in C. elegans have provided evidence that these processes are directly coupled. However, the mechanisms by which they are coupled and the reproductive signals modulating fat metabolism and lifespan are poorly understood. Here, we find that an oogenesis-enriched gene, c30f12.4, is specifically expressed and located in germ cells and early embryos; when the gene is knocked out, oogenesis is disrupted and brood size is decreased. In addition to the reproductive phenotype, we find that the loss of c30f12.4 alters fat metabolism, resulting in decreased fat storage and smaller lipid droplets. Meanwhile, c30f12.4 mutant worms display a shortened lifespan. Our results highlight an important role for c30f12.4 in regulating reproduction, fat homeostasis, and aging in C. elegans, which helps us to better understand the relationship between these processes.

A facile and rapid automated synthesis of 3'-deoxy-3'-[18F]fluorothymidine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang Ganghua; Tang Xiaolan; Wen Fuhua; Wang Mingfang; Li Baoyuan

2010-01-01

Aim: To develop a simplified and fully automated synthesis procedure of 3'-deoxy-3'-[ 18 F]fluorothymidine ([ 18 F]FLT) using PET-MF-2V-IT-I synthesis module. Methods: Synthesis of [ 18 F]FLT was performed using PET-MF-2V-IT-I synthesis module by one-pot two-step reaction procedure, including nucleophilic fluorination of 3-N-t-butoxycarbonyl-1-[5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxy triphenylmethyl)-2'-deoxy-3'-O-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl) -β-D-threopentofuranosyl]thymine (15 mg) as the precursor molecule with [ 18 F]fluoride, and subsequent hydrolysis of the protecting group with 1.0 M HCl at the same reaction vessel and purification with SEP PAK cartridges instead of the HPLC system. Results: The automated synthesis of [ 18 F]FLT with SEP PAK purification gave corrected radiochemical yield of 23.2±2.6% (n=6, uncorrected yield: 16-22%) and radiochemical purity of >97% within the total synthesis time of 35 min. Conclusion: The fully one-pot automated synthesis procedure with SEP PAK purification can be applied to the fully automated synthesis of [ 18 F]FLT using commercial [ 18 F]FDG synthesis module.

Radiosynthesis and pre-clinical evaluation of [{sup 18}F]fluoro-[1,2-{sup 2}H{sub 4}]choline

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Smith, Graham [Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN (United Kingdom); Zhao Yongjun [MDx Discovery (part of GE Healthcare) at Hammersmith Imanet, Ltd., Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN (United Kingdom); Leyton, Julius [Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN (United Kingdom); Shan Bo [MDx Discovery (part of GE Healthcare) at Hammersmith Imanet, Ltd., Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN (United Kingdom); Nguyen, Quang-de; Perumal, Meg [Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN (United Kingdom); Turton, David [GE-Imanet, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN (United Kingdom); Arstad, Erik; Luthra, Sajinder K.; Robins, Edward G. [MDx Discovery (part of GE Healthcare) at Hammersmith Imanet, Ltd., Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN (United Kingdom); Aboagye, Eric O., E-mail: eric.aboagye@imperial.ac.u [Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN (United Kingdom)

2011-01-15

Introduction: Choline radiotracers are widely used for clinical PET diagnosis in oncology. [{sup 11}C]Choline finds particular utility in the imaging of brain and prostate tumor metabolic status, where 2-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ('FDG') shows high background uptake. More recently we have extended the clinical utility of [{sup 11}C]choline to breast cancer where radiotracer uptake correlates with tumor aggressiveness (grade). In the present study, a new choline analog, [{sup 18}F]fluoro-[1,2-{sup 2}H{sub 4}]choline, was synthesized and evaluated as a potential PET imaging probe. Methods: [{sup 18}F]Fluorocholine, [{sup 18}F]fluoro-[1-{sup 2}H{sub 2}]choline and [{sup 18}F]fluoro-[1,2-{sup 2}H{sub 4}]choline were synthesized by alkylation of the relevant precursor with [{sup 18}F]fluorobromomethane or [{sup 18}F]fluoromethyl tosylate. Radiosynthesis of [{sup 18}F]fluoromethyl tosylate required extensive modification of the existing method. [{sup 18}F]Fluorocholine and [{sup 18}F]fluoro-[1,2-{sup 2}H{sub 4}]choline were then subjected to in vitro oxidative stability analysis in a chemical oxidation model using potassium permanganate and an enzymatic model using choline oxidase. The two radiotracers, together with the corresponding di-deuterated compound, [{sup 18}F]fluoro-[1-{sup 2}H{sub 2}]choline, were then evaluated in vivo in a time-course biodistribution study in HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice. Results: Alkylation with [{sup 18}F]fluoromethyl tosylate proved to be the most reliable radiosynthetic route. Stability models indicate that [{sup 18}F]fluoro-[1,2-{sup 2}H{sub 4}]choline possesses increased chemical and enzymatic (choline oxidase) oxidative stability relative to [{sup 18}F]fluorocholine. The distribution of the three radiotracers, [{sup 18}F]fluorocholine, [{sup 18}F]fluoro-[1-{sup 2}H{sub 2}]choline and [{sup 18}F]fluoro-[1,2-{sup 2}H{sub 4}]choline, showed a similar uptake profile in most organs. Crucially, tumor uptake of [{sup 18}F

3-Aminomethyl derivatives of 4,11-dihydroxynaphtho[2,3-f]indole-5,10-dione for circumvention of anticancer drug resistance.

Science.gov (United States)

Shchekotikhin, Andrey E; Shtil, Alexander A; Luzikov, Yuri N; Bobrysheva, Tatyana V; Buyanov, Vladimir N; Preobrazhenskaya, Maria N

2005-03-15

A series of 3-aminomethyl derivatives of 4,11-dihydroxynaphtho[2,3-f]indole-5,10-dione was synthesized by Mannich reaction or by the transamination of 3-dimethylaminomethyl 4,11-dihydroxy- or 4,11-dimethoxynaphtho[2,3-f]indole-5,10-dione. The potency of novel derivatives was tested on a National Cancer Institute panel of 60 human tumor cell lines as well as in cells with genetically defined determinants of cytotoxic drug resistance, P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression, and p53 inactivation. Mannich derivatives of 4,11-dihydroxynaphtho[2,3-f]indole-5,10-dione with an additional amino function in their side chain, demonstrated equal cytotoxicity against the parental K562 leukemia cells and their Pgp-positive subline, whereas the latter showed approximately 7-fold resistance to adriamycin, a Pgp transported drug. 3-(1-Piperazinyl)methyl and 3-(quinuclidin-3-yl)aminomethyl derivatives of 4,11-dihydroxynaphtho[2,3-f]indole-5,10-dione killed HCT116 colon carcinoma cells (carrying wild type p53) and their p53-null variant within the similar range of concentrations. We conclude that Mannich modification of 4,11-dihydroxynaphtho[2,3-f]indole-5,10-dione, especially when cyclic diamine (e.g., piperazine, quinuclidine) is used, confers an important feature to the resulting compounds, namely, the potency for tumor cells otherwise resistant to a variety of anticancer drugs.

Synthesis of n.c.a. {sup 18}F-fluorinated NMDA- and D{sub 4}-receptor ligands via [{sup 18}F]fluorobenzenes; Traegerarme Synthese {sup 18}F-markierter, ausgewaehlter NMDA- und D{sub 4}-Rezeptorliganden durch Einsatz geeigneter [{sup 18}F]Fluorbenzolderivate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ludwig, T

2005-11-01

In this thesis new strategies were developed and evaluated for the no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) {sup 18}F-labelling of receptor ligands as radiodiagnostics for characterization of brain receptors using positron-emission-tomography (PET). Special emphasis was placed on the synthesis of n.c.a. ({+-})-3-(4-hydroxy-4-(4-[{sup 18}F]fluorophenyl)-piperidin-l-yl)chroman-4,7-diol, a ligand with high affinity for the NR2B subtype of NMDA receptors and n.c.a. (3-(4-[{sup 18}F]fluorphenoxy)propyl)-(2-(4-tolylphenoxy)ethyl)amine ([{sup 18}F]FPTEA) a dopamine D{sub 4} receptor ligand. In order to synthesize n.c.a. ({+-})-3-(4-hydroxy-4-(4-[{sup 18}F]fluorophenyl)-piperidin-l-yl)chroman-4,7-diol the {sup 18}F-fluoroarylation method via metallorganic intermediates was modified and improved. The suitability of the organometallic {sup 18}F-fluoroarylation agents was proven with several model compounds. High radiochemical yields of 20-30% were obtained also with piperidinone-derivatives. The preparation of a suitable precursor for the synthesis of the NMDA receptor ligand, however, could not be achieved by synthesis of appropriate 1,3-dioxolane protected piperidinone derivatives. Further, the synthesis of n.c.a. ([{sup 18}F]fluoroaryloxy)alkylamines via n.c.a. 4-[{sup 18}F]fluorophenol was developed and evaluated. The synthesis of n.c.a. [{sup 18}F]fluoroarylethers with corresponding model compounds was optimized and led to a radiochemical yield of 25-60%, depending on the alkylhalide used. The preparation of n.c.a. 1-(3-bromopropoxy)-4-[{sup 18}F]fluorobenzene proved advantageous in comparison to direct use of 4-[{sup 18}]fluorophenol for coupling with a corresponding N-protected precursor for the synthesis of n.c.a. [{sup 18}F]FPTEA. With regard to the radiochemical yields and the loss of activity during the synthesis and isolation of n.c.a. 4-[{sup 18}F]fluorophenol and n.c.a. 1-(3-bromopropoxy)-4-[{sup 18}F]fluorobenzene, [{sup 18}F]FPTEA was obtained by reaction with 2-(4-tolyloxy

Fluoride ion donor properties of cis-OsO(2)F(4): synthesis, raman spectroscopic study, and X-ray crystal structure of [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)].

Science.gov (United States)

Hughes, Michael J; Mercier, Hélène P A; Schrobilgen, Gary J

2010-01-04

The salt, [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)], has been synthesized by dissolution of cis-OsO(2)F(4) in liquid SbF(5), followed by removal of excess SbF(5) at 0 degrees C to yield orange, crystalline [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)]. The X-ray crystal structure (-173 degrees C) consists of an OsO(2)F(3)(+) cation fluorine bridged to an Sb(2)F(11)(-) anion. The light atoms of OsO(2)F(3)(+) and the bridging fluorine atom form a distorted octahedron around osmium in which the osmium atom is displaced from its center toward an oxygen atom and away from the trans-fluorine bridge atom. As in other transition metal dioxofluorides, the oxygen ligands are cis to one another and the fluorine bridge atom is trans to an oxygen ligand and cis to the remaining oxygen ligand. The Raman spectrum (-150 degrees C) of solid [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)] was assigned on the basis of the ion pair observed in the low-temperature crystal structure. Under dynamic vacuum, [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)] loses SbF(5), yielding the known [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][Sb(2)F(11)] salt with no evidence for [OsO(2)F(3)][SbF(6)] formation. Attempts to synthesize [OsO(2)F(3)][SbF(6)] by the reaction of [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)] with an equimolar amount of cis-OsO(2)F(4) or by a 1:1 stoichiometric reaction of cis-OsO(2)F(4) with SbF(5) in anhydrous HF yielded only [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][Sb(2)F(11)]. Quantum-chemical calculations at the SVWN and B3LYP levels of theory and natural bond orbital analyses were used to calculate the gas-phase geometries, vibrational frequencies, natural population analysis charges, bond orders, and valencies of OsO(2)F(3)(+), [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)], [OsO(2)F(3)][SbF(6)], and Sb(2)F(11)(-). The relative thermochemical stabilities of [OsO(2)F(3)][SbF(6)], [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)], [OsO(2)F(3)][AsF(6)], [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][SbF(6)], [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][Sb(2)F(11)], and [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][AsF(6)] were assessed using the appropriate Born-Haber cycles to account for the preference for [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3

Scintillation properties of LiF–SrF{sub 2} and LiF–CaF{sub 2} eutectic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yanagida, Takayuki, E-mail: yanagida@lsse.kyutech.ac.jp [Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu 808-0196 (Japan); Kawaguchi, Noriaki [Tokuyama Corporation, 1-1 Mikage-cho, Shunan-shi, Yamaguchi 745-8648 (Japan); Fujimoto, Yutaka [Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu 808-0196 (Japan); Fukuda, Kentaro [Tokuyama Corporation, 1-1 Mikage-cho, Shunan-shi, Yamaguchi 745-8648 (Japan); Watanabe, Kenichi; Yamazaki, Atsushi; Uritani, Akira [Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603 (Japan)

2013-12-15

Dopant free eutectic scintillators {sup 6}LiF–SrF{sub 2} and {sup 6}LiF–CaF{sub 2} were developed by the vertical Bridgeman method for the purpose of thermal neutron detection. The molar ratio of LiF and Ca/SrF{sub 2} was 4:1 on its eutectic composition. The α-ray induced radioluminescence spectra of the scintillators showed intense emission peak at 300 nm due to the emission from the self-trapped exciton in Ca/SrF{sub 2} layers. When the samples were irradiated with {sup 252}Cf neutrons, {sup 6}LiF–SrF{sub 2} and {sup 6}LiF–CaF{sub 2} exhibited the light yields of 4700 and 9400 ph/n, respectively. Scintillation decay times of {sup 6}LiF–SrF{sub 2} and {sup 6}LiF–CaF{sub 2} were accepted for scintillation detectors, 90 and 250 ns, respectively. -- Highlights: • Nondoped LiF–CaF{sub 2} and LiF–SrF{sub 2} eutectic scinitillators are reported for the first time. • Two sample showed self-trapped exciton emission. • LiF–SrF{sub 2} sample exhibited the light yield of 9400 ph/n and this value was comparable to conventional materials doped with rare earth ions. • Scintillation decay times of LiF–CaF{sub 2} and LiF–SrF{sub 2} were 250 and 90 ns, respectively.

Synthesis of n.c.a. 18F-fluorinated NMDA- and D4-receptor ligands via [18F]fluorobenzenes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ludwig, T.

2005-11-01

In this thesis new strategies were developed and evaluated for the no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) 18 F-labelling of receptor ligands as radiodiagnostics for characterization of brain receptors using positron-emission-tomography (PET). Special emphasis was placed on the synthesis of n.c.a. (±)-3-(4-hydroxy-4-(4-[ 18 F]fluorophenyl)-piperidin-l-yl)chroman-4,7-diol, a ligand with high affinity for the NR2B subtype of NMDA receptors and n.c.a. (3-(4-[ 18 F]fluorphenoxy)propyl)-(2-(4-tolylphenoxy)ethyl)amine ([ 18 F]FPTEA) a dopamine D 4 receptor ligand. In order to synthesize n.c.a. (±)-3-(4-hydroxy-4-(4-[ 18 F]fluorophenyl)-piperidin-l-yl)chroman-4,7-diol the 18 F-fluoroarylation method via metallorganic intermediates was modified and improved. The suitability of the organometallic 18 F-fluoroarylation agents was proven with several model compounds. High radiochemical yields of 20-30% were obtained also with piperidinone-derivatives. The preparation of a suitable precursor for the synthesis of the NMDA receptor ligand, however, could not be achieved by synthesis of appropriate 1,3-dioxolane protected piperidinone derivatives. Further, the synthesis of n.c.a. ([ 18 F]fluoroaryloxy)alkylamines via n.c.a. 4-[ 18 F]fluorophenol was developed and evaluated. The synthesis of n.c.a. [ 18 F]fluoroarylethers with corresponding model compounds was optimized and led to a radiochemical yield of 25-60%, depending on the alkylhalide used. The preparation of n.c.a. 1-(3-bromopropoxy)-4-[ 18 F]fluorobenzene proved advantageous in comparison to direct use of 4-[ 18 ]fluorophenol for coupling with a corresponding N-protected precursor for the synthesis of n.c.a. [ 18 F]FPTEA. With regard to the radiochemical yields and the loss of activity during the synthesis and isolation of n.c.a. 4-[ 18 F]fluorophenol and n.c.a. 1-(3-bromopropoxy)-4-[ 18 F]fluorobenzene, [ 18 F]FPTEA was obtained by reaction with 2-(4-tolyloxy)ethylamine in radiochemical yields of about 25-30% in ethanol or 2-butanone

Tyndall AFB, Florida. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

Science.gov (United States)

1982-12-03

8.. 4𔃾. o.0I 44 ’ ’O 󈧤 I6F .3 16 .J PSYCHROMETRIC SUMMARY T-WET BULB TEM4PERATURE DEPRESION JF) TOTAL TOTAL F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 T10 12 13 ]A 15 6...STATION VATON AM.3 WET BULB TEMPERATURE DEPRESION F1 TOTAL TOTAL (F) 0 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-. 9 10 11. 2 13 14 151. 6 17 1 19 20 21 22 23 24.25-26.27 2.29 30 31

[18F]fluoromethylated phenyl-pyrroles and 7-azaindole analog as potential dopamine D4 receptor imaging agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ji, D. Y.; Oh, S. Z.; Choi, Y. S.; Lee, K. C.; Kim, S. E.; Choi, Y.; Lee, K. H.; Kim, B. T.

1997-01-01

An association between the dopamine D 4 receptor and schizophrenia was recently suggested and the D 4 receptor antagonists may thus have potential in elucidating the role of the receptor in schizophrenic patients. The purpose of this study was to develop some of these antagonists as potential dopamine D 4 receptor imaging agents for PET. We have prepared 1-(3-[ 18 F]fluoromethylphenyl)-3-([4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl) pyrrole (1), 1-(3-[ 18 F]fluoromethylphenyl)-3-([4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl) pyrrole (2), and 3-([4-(4-[ 18 F]fluoro methylbenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-1H-pyrrolo(2,3,-b)pyridine (3) as potential imaging agents for the dopamine D 4 receptor for PET. The compounds [ 18 F]1 and [ 18 F]2 were prepared by coupling of (3-[ 18 F]fluoromethylphenyl)-pyrrol-1- yl-3-aldehyde and the piperazine moiety in the presence of NaBH 3 CN. The [ 18 F]fluorinated aldehyde was obtained in 60-85% yield by the displacement of the corresponding mesylate with F-18-(THF, 90 .deg. C, 5 min). HPLC purification (Alltech Econosil C-18 columm, 250 x 10 mm, 35: 65 = 0.1M NH 4 CI 2 H : CH 3 OH, 4 ml/min, t R =26.6 min) gave the [ 18 F]1 and [ 18 F]2 in 7-12% yield. In the case of azaindole 3, a methlene link was inserted between the piperazinyl and a fluoromethyl phenyl group. Radiochemical synthesis of the [ 18 F]3 was carried out by coupling of the piperazne moiety and [ 18 F]fluoromethylbenzyl mesylate in the presence of NEt 3 (3:1-CH 3 CN: DMF, 120 .deg. C, 30 min). Purification was carried out by HPLC using a C-18 column (Alltech Econosil, 50 x 10 mm, 100% 0.1M NH 4 CO 2 H for 5 min followed by 40:60=0.1 M NH 4 CO 2 H : MeOH, 4 ml/min t R =28.7 min). The time of synthesis including HPLC purification was 100 min. The overall yield of [ 18 F]3 was 10-15% with a radiochemical purity better than 97% and a specific activity greater than 1000 ci/mmol

Autopercepción física y modalidades de actividades físicas en la edad adulta

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Guillermo Infante Borinaga

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudio tiene por objetivo precisar las diferencias entre distintas modalidades de actividades físico-deportivas y autoconcepto físico en tres momentos de la edad adulta. Participaron en el estudio 912 personas (350 hombres; 560 mujeres de entre 23 y 64 años (M = 45,41; DT = 13,41 divididas en tres tramos de edad (23 a 34; 35 a 49; 50 a 64 años. Para la medición del autoconcepto físico se utilizó el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Físico (CAF. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que: a la práctica físico-deportiva en adultos se asocia con autopercepciones físicas superiores y autoconcepto físico; b los adultos mayores inactivos y los que practican deportes muestran un autoconcepto general inferior.

Application of gradient-corrected density functional theory to the structures and thermochemistries of ScF3, TiF4, VF5, and CrF6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russo, T.V.; Martin, R.L.; Jeffrey Hay, P.

1995-01-01

Density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree--Fock (HF) calculations are reported for the family of transition metal fluorides ScF 3 , TiF 4 , VF 5 , and CrF 6 . Both HF and the local-density approximation (LDA) yield excellent agreement with experimental bond lengths, while the B-LYP gradient-corrected density functional gives bond lengths 0.04-0.05 A too long. An investigation of various combinations of exchange and correlation functionals shows that, for this series, the origin of this behavior lies in the Becke exchange functional. Much improved bond distances are found using the hybrid HF/DFT functional advocated by Becke. This approximation also leads to much improved thermochemistries. The LDA overestimates average bond energies in this series by 30-40 kcal/mol, whereas the B-LYP functional overbinds by only ∼8-12 kcal/mol, and the hybrid HF/DFT method overbinds by only ∼2 kcal/mol. The hybrid method predicts the octahedral isomer of CrF 6 to be more stable than the trigonal prismatic form by 14 kcal/mol. Comparison of theoretical vibrational frequencies with experiment supports the assignment of an octahedral geometry

Crystal growth and luminescence properties of Pr-doped LuLiF4 single crystal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sugiyama, Makoto; Yanagida, Takayuki; Yokota, Yuui; Kurosawa, Shunsuke; Fujimoto, Yutaka; Yoshikawa, Akira

2013-01-01

0.1, 1, and 3% Pr (with respect to Lu) doped LuLiF 4 (Pr:LuLiF 4 ) single crystals were grown by the micro-pulling-down (μ-PD) method. Transparency of the grown crystals was higher than 70% in the visible wavelength region with some absorption bands due to Pr 3+ 4f-4f transitions. Intense absorption bands related with the Pr 3+ 4f-5d transitions were observed at 190 and 215 nm. In radioluminescence spectra, Pr 3+ 5d-4f emissions were observed at 220, 240, 340, and 405 nm. In the pulse height spectra recorded under 137 Cs γ-ray excitation, the Pr 3% doped sample showed the highest light yield of 2050 photons/MeV and the scintillation decay time of it exhibited 23 and 72 ns also excited by 137 Cs γ-ray. -- Highlights: ► 0.1, 1, and 3% Pr-doped LuLiF 4 single crystals were grown by the μ-PD method. ► Pr 3+ 5d-4f emission peaks appeared at 220, 240, 340, and 405 nm ► The Pr 3%:LuLiF 4 crystal showed the highest light yield of 2050 photons/MeV

Neodymium-doped Sr5(PO4)3F and Sr5(VO4)3F

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Corker, D.L.; Nicholls, J.; Loutts, G.B.

1995-01-01

Neodymium-doped Sr 5 (PO 4 ) 3 F [neodymium strontium fluoride phosphate, (Nd,Sr) 5 (PO 4 ) 3 F] and neodymium-doped Sr 5 (VO 4 ) 3 F [neodymium strontium fluoride vanadate, (Nd,Sr) 5 (VO 4 ) 3 F] crystallize in space group P6 3 /m and are isostructural with calcium fluorophosphate, Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 F. There are two different Sr sites in Sr 5 (XO 4 ) 3 F, denoted Sr(1) and Sr(2). Using single-crystal X-ray diffraction the two structures were refined to R factors of 2.3 and 2.2%, respectively, showing that Nd is present at both Sr sites in (Sr,Nd) 5 (VO 4 ) 3 F but only at the Sr(2) site in (Sr,Nd) 5 (PO 4 ) 3 F. (orig.)

Genetic potential and heritability estimates of yield traits in F3 segregating populations of bread wheat

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Soshma Jan

2015-06-01

Full Text Available An experiment comprising of 24 wheat genotypes was undertaken during 2011-12, at New Developmental Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, to elucidate information on the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, index of transmissibility and assessing the level of genetic improvement of the quantitative characters. The experimental material comprising 19 F3 populations along with their 5 parents of bread wheat were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD with three replications. Analysis of variance exhibited highly significant (P ≤ 0.01 differences among genotypes for all the traits studied. F3 population Ghaznavi-98 x Pirsabak-05 showed maximum mean value for 1000-grain weight (47.3 g and biological yield (11474.9 kg ha-1, whereas, maximum values for grain yield (4027.3 kg ha-1, and harvest index (48.1% were observed for Pirsabak-05 x AUP-4006. Moreover, maximum spike length (11 cm was recorded for cross combination Pirsabak-05 x Pirsabak-04 and Janbaz x Pirsabak-05, respectively. In addition, Pirsabak-04 showed maximum value for number of grains spike-1 (55.0. Genetic variances were of greater magnitude than environmental variances for all the traits except for spike length and 1000-grain weight. Heritability estimates were of higher magnitude ranged from 0.64 to 0.92 for harvest index, biological yield, grain yield, and grains spike-1. Moderate to low heritability (0.40-0.46 was observed for 1000-grain weight, and spike length, respectively. Genetic gain was for spike length (0.48 cm, grains spike-1 (8.57, 1000-grain weight (2.93 g, grain yield (639.87 kg ha-1, biological yield (1790.03 kg ha-1, and harvest index (5.32 %. From high values of heritability and genetic advance, it could be concluded that selection for traits like grains spike-1 suggested good selection criteria and could be effective for future breeding programs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12630 International Journal of Environment

The aug-cc-pVnZ-F12 basis set family: Correlation consistent basis sets for explicitly correlated benchmark calculations on anions and noncovalent complexes.

Science.gov (United States)

Sylvetsky, Nitai; Kesharwani, Manoj K; Martin, Jan M L

2017-10-07

We have developed a new basis set family, denoted as aug-cc-pVnZ-F12 (or aVnZ-F12 for short), for explicitly correlated calculations. The sets included in this family were constructed by supplementing the corresponding cc-pVnZ-F12 sets with additional diffuse functions on the higher angular momenta (i.e., additional d-h functions on non-hydrogen atoms and p-g on hydrogen atoms), optimized for the MP2-F12 energy of the relevant atomic anions. The new basis sets have been benchmarked against electron affinities of the first- and second-row atoms, the W4-17 dataset of total atomization energies, the S66 dataset of noncovalent interactions, the Benchmark Energy and Geometry Data Base water cluster subset, and the WATER23 subset of the GMTKN24 and GMTKN30 benchmark suites. The aVnZ-F12 basis sets displayed excellent performance, not just for electron affinities but also for noncovalent interaction energies of neutral and anionic species. Appropriate CABSs (complementary auxiliary basis sets) were explored for the S66 noncovalent interaction benchmark: between similar-sized basis sets, CABSs were found to be more transferable than generally assumed.

Atmospheric chemistry of C₄F₉O(CH₂)₃OC₄F₉ and CF₃CFHCF₂O (CH₂)₃OCF₃CFHCF₂

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Toft, A. M.; Hurley, M. D.; Wallington, T. J.

2006-01-01

FTIR smog chamber techniques were used to measure k(Cl + CF3CFHCF2O(CH2)(3)OCF2CFHCF3) = (2.97 +/- 0.17) x 10(-12) k(OH + CF3CFHCF2O(CH2)(3)OCF2CFHCF3) = (2.45 +/- 0.14) x 10(-13), k(Cl + C4F9O(CH2)(3)OC4F9) = (1.45 +/- 0.16) x 10(-12), and k(OH + C4F9O(CH2)(3)OC4F9) = (1.44 +/- 0.10) x 10(-13) c...

catena-Poly[[bis(μ3-5-hydroxyisophthalatobis(pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthrolinedicadmium] dihydrate

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Peng-Cheng Zhao

2012-04-01

Full Text Available The title coordination polymer, {[Cd2(C8H4O52(C14H8N42]·2H2O}n, has a layered structure. The asymmetric unit contains two CdII ions, two pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline, two 5-hydroxyisophthalate (hip ligands and two lattice water molecules. Each CdII ion is coordinated by two N atoms from a chelating pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline and four O atoms from three different hip ligands, resulting in a distorted CdN2O4 octahedral coordination environment. The hip ligand connects adjacent CdII ions, forming forming layers parallel to (010. Intralayer O—H...O hydrogen bonds involving the hydroxy groups and solvent water molecules consolidate the crystal packing.

Synthesis of Multicolor Core/Shell NaLuF4:Yb3+/Ln3+@CaF2 Upconversion Nanocrystals

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Hui Li

2017-02-01

Full Text Available The ability to synthesize high-quality hierarchical core/shell nanocrystals from an efficient host lattice is important to realize efficacious photon upconversion for applications ranging from bioimaging to solar cells. Here, we describe a strategy to fabricate multicolor core @ shell α-NaLuF4:Yb3+/Ln3+@CaF2 (Ln = Er, Ho, Tm upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs based on the newly established host lattice of sodium lutetium fluoride (NaLuF4. We exploited the liquid-solid-solution method to synthesize the NaLuF4 core of pure cubic phase and the thermal decomposition approach to expitaxially grow the calcium fluoride (CaF2 shell onto the core UCNCs, yielding cubic core/shell nanocrystals with a size of 15.6 ± 1.2 nm (the core ~9 ± 0.9 nm, the shell ~3.3 ± 0.3 nm. We showed that those core/shell UCNCs could emit activator-defined multicolor emissions up to about 772 times more efficient than the core nanocrystals due to effective suppression of surface-related quenching effects. Our results provide a new paradigm on heterogeneous core/shell structure for enhanced multicolor upconversion photoluminescence from colloidal nanocrystals.

NbF5 and TaF5: Assignment of 19F NMR resonances and chemical bond analysis from GIPAW calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Biswal, Mamata; Body, Monique; Legein, Christophe; Sadoc, Aymeric; Boucher, Florent

2013-01-01

The 19 F isotropic chemical shifts (δ iso ) of two isomorphic compounds, NbF 5 and TaF 5 , which involve six nonequivalent fluorine sites, have been experimentally determined from the reconstruction of 1D 19 F MAS NMR spectra. In parallel, the corresponding 19 F chemical shielding tensors have been calculated using the GIPAW method for both experimental and DFT-optimized structures. Furthermore, the [M 4 F 20 ] units of NbF 5 and TaF 5 being held together by van der Waals interactions, the relevance of Grimme corrections to the DFT optimization processes has been evaluated. However, the semi-empirical dispersion correction term introduced by such a method does not show any significant improvement. Nonetheless, a complete and convincing assignment of the 19 F NMR lines of NbF 5 and TaF 5 is obtained, ensured by the linearity between experimental 19 F δ iso values and calculated 19 F isotropic chemical shielding σ iso values. The effects of the geometry optimizations have been carefully analyzed, confirming among other matters, the inaccuracy of the experimental structure of NbF 5 . The relationships between the fluorine chemical shifts, the nature of the fluorine atoms (bridging or terminal), the position of the terminal ones (opposite or perpendicular to the bridging ones), the fluorine charges, the ionicity and the length of the M–F bonds have been established. Additionally, for three of the 19 F NMR lines of NbF 5 , distorted multiplets, arising from 1 J-coupling and residual dipolar coupling between the 19 F and 93 Nb nuclei, were simulated yielding to values of 93 Nb– 19 F 1 J-coupling for the corresponding fluorine sites. - Graphical abstract: The complete assignment of the 19 F NMR lines of NbF 5 and TaF 5 allow establishing relationships between the 19 F δ iso values, the nature of the fluorine atoms (bridging or terminal), the position of the terminal ones (opposite or perpendicular to the bridging ones), the fluorine charges, the ionicity and the

Synthesis, characterization, and application of two Al(OR(F))3 Lewis superacids.

Science.gov (United States)

Kraft, Anne; Trapp, Nils; Himmel, Daniel; Böhrer, Hannes; Schlüter, Peter; Scherer, Harald; Krossing, Ingo

2012-07-23

We report herein the synthesis and full characterization of the donor-free Lewis superacids Al(OR(F))(3) with OR(F) = OC(CF(3))(3) (1) and OC(C(5)F(10))C(6)F(5) (2), the stabilization of 1 as adducts with the very weak Lewis bases PhF, 1,2-F(2)C(6)H(4), and SO(2), as well as the internal C-F activation pathway of 1 leading to Al(2)(F)(OR(F))(5) (4) and trimeric [FAl(OR(F))(2)](3) (5, OR(F) = OC(CF(3))(3)). Insights have been gained from NMR studies, single-crystal structure determinations, and DFT calculations. The usefulness of these Lewis acids for halide abstractions has been demonstrated by reactions with trityl chloride (NMR; crystal structures). The trityl salts allow the introduction of new, heteroleptic weakly coordinating [Cl-Al(OR(F))(3)](-) anions, for example, by hydride or alkyl abstraction reactions. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Heterotic effects in f/sub 1s/ and inbreeding depression in f/sub 2/ hybrids of sunflower

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Memon, S.; Baloch, M.J.; Baloch, G.M.

2015-01-01

genetically diverse female lines of sunflower were crossed with male testers to get heterotic hybrids. studies were carried-out during 2008-2010 at experiment filed of agriculture research institute, tandojam, sindh, pakistan. six female lines like t-4-0319, pac-0505, ho-i, hysun-33, peshawar-93 and cms-03 and three testers i.e., pac-0306, pac-64-a and sf-187 were crossed in a line * tester mating design, thus 18 f1 and f2 hybrids were developed for evaluation of heterosis and inbreeding depression for days to initial flowering, days to maturity, leaves/plant, plant height (cm), head diameter (cm), 1000-achene weight (g), seed yield kg/ha and oil yield kg/ha. the experiment was conducted in a randomised completeb lock design with four replications. the analysis of variance revealed significant differences among parents, f1s and f2 hybrids for all the traits studied. the existence of significant genetic variability among the plant traits is particularly useful because variations in these traits would allow further improvement in sunflower seed yield and oil traits. the f1 hybrids ho-i * pac-0306 and ho-i pa * c-64-a exhibited desirable negative mid and better parent heterosis for days to initial flowering, days to maturity and plant height. these hybrids also manifested desirable positive heterotic effects for leaves/plant, head diameter, 1000-achene.s weight, seed yield and oil yield. inbreeding depression for phenological, seed yield and oil traits showed that desirable high inbreeding depression was observed in hybrids ho-i * p*ac-64-a, ho-i * pac-0306 and ho-i * sf-187 for days to initial flowering, similarly t-4-0319 * pac-0306, pac-0505 ± sf-187 and ho-i * pac-64-a explicated maximum but rewarding inbreeding depression for days to maturity. the f2 hybrids hysun-33 * sf-187 and peshawer-93 * pac-64-a may be the most desirable ones in the sense that they recorded comparatively moderate inbreeding depression with enough number of leaves to be productive if f2

MINIMALLY-INVASIVE TUBE THORACOSTOMY MADE EASY WITH A COMBINATION OF THORACIC ULTRASOUND AND SMALL BORE CHEST DRAIN KITS (12F TO 16F USING GUIDEWIRE TECHNIQUE

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Venkateswararao

2017-11-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Minimally-invasive tube thoracostomy made easy with a combination of thoracic ultrasound and small bore chest drain kits (12F to16F using guidewire technique. The present study is aimed at easy and safe insertion of small bore chest drains (12F to 16F using Seldinger technique under ultrasound guidance with least discomfort to the patient. Large bore chest drains of size >20F using blunt dissection technique is painful, difficult to place in thick chest walls and technically more demanding. Placing the drains blindly basing on chest x-ray image may sometimes injure the underlying lung. MATERIALS AND METHODS Present study included 21 cases, of which 12 cases (57.1% were of pleural effusion and 9 cases (42.8% were of pneumothorax. Thoracic ultrasound was utilised by the operator for all pleural effusions and for those cases of pneumothorax who were on ventilator before tube insertion. Small bore chest drains (12F to 16F designed for guidewire technique were used in the present study. RESULTS Complete and sustainable lung expansion was seen in 19 of 21 cases (90.4%. It failed in remaining 2 cases (9.5% who had complex empyemas and hepatic hydrothorax. Pleurodesis was attempted in 6 cases (28.5% using tetracycline injectable form with success rate of 90%. Patient tolerance was good with numeric pain rating score of 1 to 3 (range 0 to 10; 0 = no pain; 5 = moderate pain; 10 = worst possible pain. CONCLUSION Using small bore chest tubes of sizes 12F to 16F designed for guidewire technique of insertion and utilising thoracic ultrasound, while insertion made the procedure easy and safe, less painful and good tolerance from patient’s point of view. Complete and sustainable lung expansion was seen in 90.4% of cases and highly efficacious for spontaneous and iatrogenic pneumothorax and in noncomplex and malignant pleural effusions. The technique is less demanding and thoracic ultrasound knowledge can be easily learnt and a combination of this

Associations of Escherichia coli K-12 OmpF trimers with rough and smooth lipopolysaccharides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Diedrich, D.L.; Stein, M.A.; Schnaitman, C.A.

1990-01-01

The associations of both rough and smooth lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with the OmpF porin of Escherichia coli K-12 were examined in galE strains deleted for ompC. Transformation with pSS37 and growth with galactose conferred the ability to assemble a Shigella dysenteriae O antigen onto the core oligosaccharide of E. coli K-12 LPS. The association of LPS with OmpF trimers was assessed by staining, autoradiography of LPS specifically labeled with [1-14C]galactose, and Western immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody specific for OmpF trimers. These techniques revealed that the migration distances and multiple banding patterns of OmpF porin trimers in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels were dictated by the chemotype of associated LPS. Expression of smooth LPS caused almost all of the trimeric OmpF to run in gels with a slower mobility than trimers from rough strains. The LPS associated with trimers from a smooth strain differed from the bulk-phase LPS by consisting almost exclusively of molecules with O antigen

Rapid and reproducible radiosynthesis of [{sup 18}F] FHBG

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ponde, Datta E.; Dence, Carmen S.; Schuster, Daniel P.; Welch, Michael J. E-mail: Welchm@wustl.edu

2004-01-01

9-(4-[{sup 18}F] Fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl) guanine ([{sup 18}F] FHBG), an imaging agent for gene therapy using PET, was prepared in a one-pot, two-step synthesis. Microwave (MW) mediated nucleophilic fluorination of N{sup 2}, monomethoxytrityl-9-[4-(tosyl)-3-monomethoxytrityl-methylbutyl] guanine using no-carrier-added [{sup 18}F] fluoride, followed by deprotection with hydrochloric acid and HPLC purification, gave [{sup 18}F] FHBG. The radiochemical yield (decay corrected) was 12{+-}5% (n = 35), the synthesis time was 55-60 min, and the radiochemical purity was >99%. The compound was used for lung imaging and was injected into Sprague-Dawley rats previously infected with the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-tk) reporter gene. MicroPET imaging showed accumulation confined to the lungs.

Radiation Damage in CaF{sub 2}2 and BaF{sub 2} Investigated by the Channeling Technique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hellborg, R; Skog, G

1973-04-15

The radiation damage in single crystals of CaF{sub 2} and BaF{sub 2} due to room temperature bombardment with 2.0 MeV helium ions has been studied by the channeling technique. Back scattering spectra for the <111> and <110> axial directions were taken after different doses of random irradiation. A slight in crease of the aligned yield with radiation dose has been found for both crystals at doses below 1017 ions/cm2. For CaF{sub 2} at a dose of about 1.4x1017 ions/cm2 a steep increase is found, after which the aligned yield saturates at a high value. Analyses of spectra measured along different aligned directions indicate that the structures of defects in CaF{sub 2} and BaF{sub 2} differ

Aspects of the production of 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose via 18F2 with a tandem Van de Graaf accelerator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shaughnessy, W.J.; Gatley, S.J.; Hichwa, R.D.; Lieberman, L.M.; Nickles, R.J.

1981-01-01

During deuteron irradiation of 100 psig neon containing 1-2% of elemental fluorine, the induced 18 F partitions into three main fractions. About 50% remains in the passivated nickel target after elution of the gas mixture. Some of the gaseous 18 F is capable of performing fluorination reactions and is presumed to be 18 F 2 : the rest is a mixture of at least two unreactive gases, one of which behaves on gas chromatography like CF 4 . The ratio of reactive to unreactive gaseous 18 F decreases with longer irradiation times but increases when the target gas is cooled to -30C during bombardment. Reaction of the presumed 18 F 2 with 4.5,6-triacetyl-D-glucal, essentially by the published method, yielded 18 F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-4,5,6-triacetyl-x-D-glucosyl fluoride and the corresponding β-D-mannosyl fluoride. These were separated either by column chromatography or preparative TLC, using plates with a pre-absorbent layer. Hydrolysis of the glucoyl fluoride gave 18 F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose ( 18 F-2FDG) with a decay-corrected yield of about 10% based on 18 F trapped by the triacetylglucal. The 60 min organ distribution of 18 F from 18 F-2-FDG in tumor bearing rats was compared with the corresponding distribution after administration of 18 F-3-deoxy-3-fluoro-D-glucose ( 18 F-3FDG). Organ/blood ratios were uniformly higher for 18 F-2FDG than for no carrier added 18 F-3FDG; only heart, brain and thyroid had ratios greater than unity. Added carrier 3-FDG further lowered organ/blood ratios. The main conclusion drawn from this animal work is that 18 F-3FDG is unlikely to rival 18 F-2FDG for nuclear medicine studies, where high target /blood ratios (obtained by metabolic trapping as the sugar-6-phosphate) are necessary. However 18 F-3FDG may be useful for estimating the concentration of free glucose in organs if further work confirms that it is an essentially non-metabolized analog of glucose. (author)

Angular dependent torque measurements on CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF

Science.gov (United States)

Xiao, H.; Gao, B.; Ma, Y. H.; Li, X. J.; Mu, G.; Hu, T.

2016-08-01

Out-of-plane angular dependent torque measurements were performed on CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF (Ca1 1 1 1) single crystals. In the normal state, the torque data shows \\sin 2θ angular dependence and H 2 magnetic field dependence, as a result of paramagnetism. In the mixed state, the torque signal is a combination of the vortex torque and paramagnetic torque, and the former allows the determination of the anisotropy parameter γ. At T   =  11.5 K, γ (11.5 K ≃ 0.5 T c)  =  19.1, which is similar to the result of SmFeAsO0.8F0.2, γ ≃ 23 at T≃ 0.4{{T}\\text{c}} . So the 11 1 1 is more anisotropic compared to 11 and 122 families of iron-based superconductors. This may suggest that the electronic coupling between layers in 1 1 1 1 is less effective than in 11 and 122 families.

Lineshape test on overlapped transitions (R9F1, R9F2) of the 2v3 band of 12CH4 by frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, L.; Lin, H.; Plimmer, M. D.; Feng, X. J.; Zhang, J. T.

2018-05-01

The performances of a multi-spectral fit for the spectra of pressure-broadened overlapping lines (R9F1, R9F2) of 12CH4 in binary mixtures with N2 were studied by applying different lineshape models, from the simplest Voigt profile (VP) to the Harmann-Tran profile (HTP). Line-mixing was approximated in the first order in the spectral fits. Data were acquired using a high-resolution cavity ring-down spectrometer of minimum detectable absorption coefficient of 2.8 × 10-12 cm-1. The lines were observed with a signal-to-noise ratio of 19 365 for pressures from 5 to 40 kPa. The study reveals that the multi-spectral fits using the HTP and the speed-dependent Nelkin-Ghatak profile (SDNGP) yield the best among all tested. The two models gave the maximum relative residuals of less than 0.065 %. All things considered, the HTP and the SDNGP appear to be the most reliable models for treating the present case of multi-spectral fitting of unresolved dual-component spectra.

Crystal structures of KM(AsF{sub 6}){sub 3} (M{sup 2+} = Mg, Co, Mn, Zn), KCu(SbF{sub 6}){sub 3} and [Co(HF){sub 2}]Sr[Sr(HF)]{sub 2}-[Sr(HF){sub 2}]{sub 2}[AsF{sub 6}]{sub 12}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mazej, Zoran; Goreshnik, Evgeny [Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana (Slovakia). Dept. of Inorganic Chemisrty and Technology

2015-05-01

The KM(AsF{sub 6}){sub 3} (M{sup 2+} = Mg, Co, Mn, Zn) and KCu(SbF{sub 6}){sub 3} compounds crystallize isotypically to previously known KNi(AsF{sub 6}){sub 3}. The main features of the structure of these compounds are rings of MF{sub 6} octahedra sharing apexes with AsF{sub 6} octahedra connected into infinite tri-dimensional frameworks. In this arrangement cavities are formed where K{sup +} cations are placed. Single crystals of CoSr{sub 5}(AsF{sub 6}){sub 12}.8HF were obtained as one of the products after the crystallization of 3KF/CoF{sub 2}/SrF{sub 2} mixture in the presence of AsF{sub 5} in anhydrous HF. The CoSr{sub 5}(AsF{sub 6}){sub 12}.8HF is monoclinic, C/2c (No.15), with a = 26.773(5) Aa, b = 10.087(2) Aa, c = 21.141(5) Aa, β = 93.296(13) {sup circle}, V = 5699.9(19) Aa{sup 3} at 200 K, and Z = 4. There are three crystallographically non-equivalent Sr{sup 2+} cations in the crystal structure of CoSr{sub 5}(AsF{sub 6}){sub 12}.8HF. The Sr1 is coordinated by ten fluorine atoms from eight different [AsF{sub 6}]- anions, meanwhile Sr2 and Sr3 are bound to nine fluorine atoms provided by one HF and eight AsF{sub 6} units or by two HF and six AsF{sub 6} units, respectively. The Co{sup 2+} is coordinated distorted-octahedrally by six fluorine atoms from two HF molecules and four different AsF{sub 6} units. All those moieties in the crystal structure of [Co(HF){sub 2}]Sr[Sr(HF)]{sub 2}[Sr(HF){sub 2}]{sub 2}[AsF{sub 6}]{sub 12} are connected into tridimensional framework. The CoSr{sub 5}(AsF{sub 6}){sub 12}.8HF is a unique example of compound where HF molecules are directly bound via fluorine atoms to two different metal centres.

Superconducting fluctuation effect in CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF

Science.gov (United States)

Xiao, H.; Gao, B.; Ma, Y. H.; Li, X. J.; Mu, G.; Hu, T.

2016-11-01

Out-of-plane angular dependent torque measurements were performed on CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF single crystals. Superconducting fluctuations, featured by magnetic field enhanced and exponential temperature dependent diamagnetism, are observed above the superconducting transition temperature T c, which is similar to that of cuprate superconductors, but less pronounced. In addition, the ratio of T c versus superfluid density follows well the Uemura line of high-T c cuprates, which suggests the exotic nature of the superconductivity in CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF.

4- 18F]fluoroarylalkylethers via an improved synthesis of n.c.a. 4- 18F]fluorophenol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ludwig, Thomas; Ermert, Johannes; Coenen, Heinz H.

2002-01-01

This paper describes the improved synthesis of n.c.a. 4- 18 F]fluorophenol for the preparation of 18 F-labeled alkylarylethers. Nucleophilic fluorination of substituted benzophenone derivatives yielded n.c.a. 4- 18 F]fluoro-4'-substituted benzophenones with 80- 90 % RCY, which were converted to benzoic acid phenylesters by treatment with peracetic acid. Strong electron-withdrawing substituents like nitro, cyano and trifluoromethyl favor a fluorophenyl-to-oxygen migration resulting in the formation of corresponding benzoic acid fluorophenylesters. N.c.a. 18 F]fluorophenol is almost quantitatively formed after hydrolysis and can easily be converted with alkylhalides into n.c.a. 18 F]fluoroarylalkylethers

Ion conductivities of ZrF4-BaF2-CsF glasses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kawamoto, Yoji; Nohara, Ichiro

1987-01-01

The glass-forming region in the ZrF 4 -BaF 2 -CsF glass system has been determined and the ac conductivity and the transport number of fluoride ions have been measured. The conductivities of compounds β-Cs 2 ZrF 6 , α-SrZrF 6 , α-BaZrF 6 , β-BaZrF 6 and α-PbZrF 6 have also been measured. These results and a previous study of ZrF 4 -BaF 2 -MF n (M: the groups I-IV metals) glasses revealed the following: (1) the ZrF 4 -BaF 2 -CsF glasses are exclusively fluoride-ion conductors; (2) the ionic conductivities of ZrF 4 -based glasses are predominantly determined by the activation energies for conduction; (3) the activation energy for conduction decreases with an increase in the average polarizability of glass-constituting cations; (4) a decrease in average Zr-F bond length and a lowering of the average F coordination number of Zr are presumed to increase the activation energy for conduction. Principles of developing ZrF 4 -based glasses with higher conductivities have also been proposed. (Auth.)

Synthesis of sup 18 F-labeled fluconazole and positron emission tomography studies in rabbits

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Livni, E. (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (United States). Dept. of Radiology); Fischman, A.J. (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (United States). Radiology Dept. Havard Medical School, Boston, MA (United States). Dept. of Radiology Havard Medical School, Boston, MA (United States). Dept. of Medicine)

1992-02-01

(4-{sup 18}F) 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3-bis(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-propanol ((4-{sup 18}F) fluconazole) was synthesized from its amino precursor. Fieldel-Crafts acylation of 3-fluoroacetanilide with chloroacetyl chloride produced 2'-fluoro-4'-aceteamido-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl) acetophenone in 12% yield. Sequential reaction with (1) dimethylsulphoxonium methylide and (2) 1,2,4-triazole followed by in situ hydrolysis resulted in 2-(2-fluoro-4-aminophenyl)-1,3-bis(1H-2,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-propanol in 19% yield. A modified Schiemann reaction on this product resulted in (4-{sup 18}F)fluconazole with a radiochemical yield of 1.0-2.0% (EOS) within 2h. (4-{sup 18}F)Fluconazole was used to measure the pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in rats by measurement of radioactivity in excised tissues and in rabbits by PET. In both species, there was rapid equilibration of (4-{sup 18}F)fluoconazole to a relatively uniform distribution of radioactivity in most organs. (Author).

13.-20. VI võtab ehtekunstnike rühmitus F.F.F.F....

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

Rühmitus F.F.F.F. (Ketli Tiitsar, Kristi Paap, Kaire Rannik, Berit Teeäär, Maria Valdma) võtab osa Bostonis toimuvast rahvusvahelisest ehtekunstinäitusest ja konverentsist "ContacT 2004", juhendab Massachusetts College of Art üliõpilastele ja kunstnikele korraldatud workshop'i "SWOP". Bakalar Gallerys esineb rühmitus näitusega "Igapäevaleib", osalejate individuaalset loomingut eksponeerib galerii Mobilia

Effect of divalent impurities on some physical properties of LiF and NaF; Influence des impuretes divalentes sur quelques proprietes physiques du LiF et du NaF

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laj, C [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-05-01

The ionic thermo-currents technique is applied to the study of impurity vacancy dipoles in LiF and NaF doped with several divalent cations. In LiF only one ITC band is observed whatever the impurity studied. In NaF on the contrary two ITC bands are present, one corresponding to the one observed in LiF, the other one, intense in the case of small impurities, at lower temperature. A parallel EPR study in the case of Mn{sup 2+} doped samples shows that the band observed in LiF and the corresponding one in NaF are due to the relaxation of dipoles formed by the association of an impurity and a vacancy in the next nearest position. The knowledge of the properties of the dipoles allows to show that the room temperature ionic conductivity of LiF is conditioned by the equilibrium: M{sup ++} {open_square}+ {yields} M{sup ++} + {open_square}+. It is also shown that the isolated cation vacancy originating from this dissociation is responsible for the enhancement of {gamma}-ray coloration of LiF doped with divalent cation impurities. A paramagnetic center ascribed to the presence of Mn{sup 0} isolated in the lattice is also studied. The value of the hyperfine interaction and its temperature dependence are in good agreement with both the theory and the other experimental results. Finally it is shown that the disappearance of dipoles by annealing is related to the formation of complexes involving OH{sup -} ions, probably of the M(OH){sub 2} type, with the two OH{sup -} ions occupying a single fluorine site. (author) [French] La technique des thermocourants ioniques est appliquee a l'etude des dipoles lacune-impurete dans LiF et NaF dopes avec plusieurs cations divalents. Dans LiF on met en evidence un seul pic de thermocourant quelle que soit l'impurete consideree. Dans NaF au contraire deux pics de thermocourants sont presents, l'un correspondant a celui observe dans LiF, l'autre, dominant dans le cas des impuretes de petite taille, a plus basse temperature. Une etude parallelle

Effect of divalent impurities on some physical properties of LiF and NaF; Influence des impuretes divalentes sur quelques proprietes physiques du LiF et du NaF

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laj, C. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-05-01

The ionic thermo-currents technique is applied to the study of impurity vacancy dipoles in LiF and NaF doped with several divalent cations. In LiF only one ITC band is observed whatever the impurity studied. In NaF on the contrary two ITC bands are present, one corresponding to the one observed in LiF, the other one, intense in the case of small impurities, at lower temperature. A parallel EPR study in the case of Mn{sup 2+} doped samples shows that the band observed in LiF and the corresponding one in NaF are due to the relaxation of dipoles formed by the association of an impurity and a vacancy in the next nearest position. The knowledge of the properties of the dipoles allows to show that the room temperature ionic conductivity of LiF is conditioned by the equilibrium: M{sup ++} {open_square}+ {yields} M{sup ++} + {open_square}+. It is also shown that the isolated cation vacancy originating from this dissociation is responsible for the enhancement of {gamma}-ray coloration of LiF doped with divalent cation impurities. A paramagnetic center ascribed to the presence of Mn{sup 0} isolated in the lattice is also studied. The value of the hyperfine interaction and its temperature dependence are in good agreement with both the theory and the other experimental results. Finally it is shown that the disappearance of dipoles by annealing is related to the formation of complexes involving OH{sup -} ions, probably of the M(OH){sub 2} type, with the two OH{sup -} ions occupying a single fluorine site. (author) [French] La technique des thermocourants ioniques est appliquee a l'etude des dipoles lacune-impurete dans LiF et NaF dopes avec plusieurs cations divalents. Dans LiF on met en evidence un seul pic de thermocourant quelle que soit l'impurete consideree. Dans NaF au contraire deux pics de thermocourants sont presents, l'un correspondant a celui observe dans LiF, l'autre, dominant dans le cas des impuretes de petite taille, a plus basse temperature

Demandas físicas en jugadores semiprofesionales de fútbol: ¿se entrena igual que se compite?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Casamichana

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio describe las demandas físicas de la competición en jugadores semiprofesionales de fútbol, en función de su demarcación, y el grado de similitud de éstas con el entrenamiento que realizan. Durante la temporada 2010-11, 32 jugadores de fútbol fueron estudiados tanto en competición (n = 67 como en entrenamiento (n = 206 durante el mismo periodo de la temporada.Los registros del perfil físico fueron realizados con dispositivos GPS. Comparado con el entrenamiento (E, los partidos amistosos (C mostraron diferencias significativas en las demandas físicas, presentando valores superiores en todas las variables estudiadas excepto en la distancia recorrida a baja intensidad (0¿6.9 km·h-1, que fue superior en E. Durante la C los jugadores recorren más distancia total por minuto (112.9 vs. 73.5 m·min-1 y a velocidades de 7.0-12.9, 13.0-17.9, 18.0-20.9 y >21 km·h-1. Con relación a los sprints, en C se dan con mayor frecuencia por hora de juego (15.3 vs. 3.2, son más largos (15.2 vs. 9.4 m, de mayor duración (2.3 vs. 1.5 s y de velocidad máxima superior (27.1 vs. 23.5 km·h-1. Finalmente, y con relación a los indicadores establecidos, en C se da una mayor Carga del jugador·min-1 (13.4 vs. 8.6 UA y un ratio trabajo:descanso también mayor (2.4. vs. 0.9 UA. Los resultados de este estudio deberían ayudar al desarrollo de tareas específicas de E, aumentando la calidad y cantidad del trabajo, que permitieran acercarse a las demandas físicas de C.

Synthesis of substituted Calix[6] arene and 18F labeling reaction as catalyst in preparation of 18F-FET

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peng Cheng; Ma Yunchuan; Chen Xiaoxiao; Li Guixia; Li Shilei; Zhang Shuting; He Yong; Qi Chuanmin

2011-01-01

The phase transfer catalyst Substituted Calix[6] arene was prepared and it was used as catalyst to prepare the tumor diagnostic drug 18 F-FET. The results showed that para-sulfonated-calix[6] arene not only catalyzes 19 F substitution reaction, but also catalyzes 18 F labelling reaction with radiochemical yield of 11%. However, para-tert-butyl-calix[6] arene has no catalytic activity for the 19 F substitution reaction nor the 18 F labelling reaction of the precursor of FET. The catalyzing of para-sulfonated-calix[6]arene may be related to it's sulfonate groups, which participated in the coordination reaction and increased the polarity of calyx[6] arene and so on. Although radiochemical yield of the para-sulfonated-calix[6] arene catalyzed 18 F labeling of the precursor of FET was much lower than that obtained by Kryptofix 2. 2. 2, this study still has significant meaning for us to find better substituted Calix[6] arene catalysts by optimizing the reaction conditions. (authors)

Hsc70 facilitates TGF-β-induced activation of Smad2/3 in fibroblastic NRK-49F cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ikezaki, Midori; Higashimoto, Natsuki; Matsumura, Ko; Ihara, Yoshito, E-mail: y-ihara@wakayama-med.ac.jp

2016-08-26

Heat-shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70), a molecular chaperone constitutively expressed in the cell, is involved in the regulation of several cellular signaling pathways. In this study, we found that TGF-β-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 were suppressed in fibroblastic NRK-49F cells treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) for Hsc70. In the cells underexpressing Hsc70, transcriptional induction of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a target gene of the TGF-β signaling, was also suppressed in the early phase of TGF-β stimulation. Upon stimulation with TGF-β, Hsc70 interacted with Smad2/3, suggesting functional interactions of Hsc70 and Smad2/3 for the activation of TGF-β-induced Smad signaling. Although the expression of heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) was upregulated in the cells treated with Hsc70 siRNA, TGF-β-induced Smad activation was not affected in the cells overexpressing Hsp70. Collectively, these results indicate that Hsc70, but not Hsp70, supportively regulates TGF-β-induced Smad signaling in NRK-49F cells. - Highlights: • Hsc70 siRNA treatment suppressed the expression of Hsc70 but induced the expression of Hsp70 in NRK-49F cells. • Hsc70 siRNA treatment suppressed the activation of Smad2/3 in the cells treated with TGF-β. • Hsc70 interacted with Smad2/3 on stimulation with TGF-β in the cells. • Hsp70 did not influence the TGF-β-induced activation of Smad2/3 in the cells overexpressing Hsp70.

1-[18F]fluoro-2-propanol p-toluenesulfonate: a synthon for the preparation of N-([18F]fluoroisopropyl)amines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Groot, T.J. de; Elsinga, P.H.; Visser, G.M.; Vaalburg, W.

1992-01-01

The new radiochemical synthon 1-[ 18 F]fluoro-2-propanol p-toluenesulfonate is prepared with a radiochemical yield of 45% [corrected for decay to beginning of synthesis, synthesis time 40 min]. This compound is used to prepare the [ 18 F]fluoroisopropyl-alkylated derivatives of benzylamine and norephedrine with a yield of 7 and 2% respectively, (synthesis time 90 min). This alkylation reaction a good perspective for the preparation of [ 18 F]fluoro-labelled analogues of β 1 -adrenergic receptor binding ligands for PET. (Author)

Linear-scaling explicitly correlated treatment of solids: Periodic local MP2-F12 method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Usvyat, Denis, E-mail: denis.usvyat@chemie.uni-regensburg.de [Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93040 Regensburg (Germany)

2013-11-21

Theory and implementation of the periodic local MP2-F12 method in the 3*A fixed-amplitude ansatz is presented. The method is formulated in the direct space, employing local representation for the occupied, virtual, and auxiliary orbitals in the form of Wannier functions (WFs), projected atomic orbitals (PAOs), and atom-centered Gaussian-type orbitals, respectively. Local approximations are introduced, restricting the list of the explicitly correlated pairs, as well as occupied, virtual, and auxiliary spaces in the strong orthogonality projector to the pair-specific domains on the basis of spatial proximity of respective orbitals. The 4-index two-electron integrals appearing in the formalism are approximated via the direct-space density fitting technique. In this procedure, the fitting orbital spaces are also restricted to local fit-domains surrounding the fitted densities. The formulation of the method and its implementation exploits the translational symmetry and the site-group symmetries of the WFs. Test calculations are performed on LiH crystal. The results show that the periodic LMP2-F12 method substantially accelerates basis set convergence of the total correlation energy, and even more so the correlation energy differences. The resulting energies are quite insensitive to the resolution-of-the-identity domain sizes and the quality of the auxiliary basis sets. The convergence with the orbital domain size is somewhat slower, but still acceptable. Moreover, inclusion of slightly more diffuse functions, than those usually used in the periodic calculations, improves the convergence of the LMP2-F12 correlation energy with respect to both the size of the PAO-domains and the quality of the orbital basis set. At the same time, the essentially diffuse atomic orbitals from standard molecular basis sets, commonly utilized in molecular MP2-F12 calculations, but problematic in the periodic context, are not necessary for LMP2-F12 treatment of crystals.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of ybfF, a new esterase from Escherichia coli K12

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Suk-Youl; Lee, Sang-Hak; Lee, Jieun; Jung, Che-Hun; Kim, Jeong-Sun, E-mail: jsunkim@chonnam.ac.kr [Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757 (Korea, Republic of)

2007-12-01

The crystallization of ybfF, a new esterase from E. coli, and the collection of diffraction data to 1.1 Å resolution are reported. The product of the recently discovered ybfF gene, which belongs to the esterase family, does not show high sequence similarity to other esterases. To provide the molecular background to the enzymatic mechanism of the ybfF esterase, the ybfF protein from Escherichia coli K12 (Ec-ybfF) was cloned, expressed and purified. The Ec-ybfF protein was crystallized from 60% Tacsimate and 0.1 M bis-Tris propane buffer pH 7.0. Diffraction data were collected to 1.10 Å resolution using synchrotron radiation. The crystal belongs to the orthorhombic space group P2{sub 1}2{sub 1}2{sub 1}, with unit-cell parameters a = 66.09, b = 90.71, c = 92.88 Å. With two Ec-ybfF molecules in the asymmetric unit, the crystal volume per unit protein weight is 2.17 Å{sup 3} Da{sup −1}, corresponding to a solvent content of 42%.

The rice eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit f (OseIF3f is involved in microgametogenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Qi eLi

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Microgametogenesis is the postmeiotic pollen developmental phase when unicellular microspores develop into mature tricellular pollen. In rice, microgametogenesis can influence grain yields to a great degree because pollen abortion occurs more easily during microgametogenesis than during other stages of pollen development. However, our knowledge of the genes involved in microgametogenesis in rice remains limited. Due to the dependence of pollen development on the regulatory mechanisms of protein expression, we identified the encoding gene of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit f in Oryza sativa (OseIF3f. Immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry confirmed that OseIF3f was a subunit of rice eIF3, which consisted of at least 12 subunits including eIF3a, eIF3b, eIF3c, eIF3d, eIF3e, eIF3f, eIF3g, eIF3h, eIF3i, eIF3k, eIF3l and eIF3m. OseIF3f showed high mRNA levels in immature florets and is highly abundant in developing anthers. Subcellular localization analysis showed that OseIF3f was localized to the cytosol and the endoplasmic reticulum in rice root cells. We further analyzed the biological function of OseIF3f using the double-stranded RNA-mediated interference (RNAi approach. The OseIF3f-RNAi lines grew normally at the vegetative stage but displayed a large reduction in seed production and pollen viability, which is associated with the down-regulation of OseIF3f. Further cytological observations of pollen development revealed that the OseIF3f-RNAi lines showed no obvious abnormalities at the male meiotic stage and the unicellular microspore stage. However, compared to the wild type, OseIF3f-RNAi lines contained a higher percentage of arrested unicellular pollen at the bicellular stage and a higher percentage of arrested unicellular and bicellular pollen, and aborted pollen at the tricellular stage. These results indicate that OseIF3f plays a role in microgametogenesis.

18 CFR 11.12 - Determination of section 10(f) costs.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... I OF THE FEDERAL POWER ACT Charges for Headwater Benefits § 11.12 Determination of section 10(f... determine on a case-by-case basis what portion of the annual interest, maintenance, and depreciation costs... portion of the annual joint-use power cost that represents the interest, maintenance, and depreciation...

Velocity of sound in, and adiabatic compressibility of, Molten LiF-NaF, LiF-KF, NaF-KF mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Minchenko, V.I.; Konovalov, Y.V.; Smirnov, M.V.

1986-01-01

The authors measured the velocity of sound as a function of temperature at 1.5 zHM frequency in LiF-NaF, NaF-KF, LiF-KF melts over the entire range of their compositions. The measurements were made by comparison of the phases of a reference pulse signal and a signal reflected from the bottom of the crucible. The specified temperatures were maintained constant within plus or minus 1 degree. The sound conductor consisted of a cylindrical rod of sintered beryllium oxide, which does not interact with test melts. The study shows that the velocity of sound decreases linearly with increase of the temperature. The values of the constants of the empirical equations are presented in a table, with indication of the temperature range. The dependence of the velocity of sound on composition of the melts is shown, where isotherms for 1250 K are given as an example. Variation of the composition by 1-2 mole % leads to increase or decrease of the velocity of sound by 5-10 m

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the F ^• + H–F Transition-State Region by Photodetachment of [F–H–F] ^-

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hou, Gao-Lei [Physical; Wang, Xue-Bin [Physical; McCoy, Anne B. [Department; Borden, Weston Thatcher [Department

2017-10-05

The transition-state (TS) region of the simplest heavy-light-heavy type of reaction, F• + H-F F-H + F•, is investigated in this work by a joint experimental and theoretical approach. Photodetaching the bifluride anion, [F…H…F]–, generates a negative ion photoelectron (NIPE) spectrum with three partially resolved bands in the electron binding energy (eBE) range of 5.4 – 7.0 eV. These bands correspond to the transition from the ground state of the anion to the electronic ground state of [F-H-F]• neutral, with associated vibrational excitations. The significant increase of eBE of the bifluride anion, relative to that of F-, reflects a hydrogen bond energy between F- and HF of 46 kcal/mol. Theoretical modeling reveals that the antisymmetric motion of H between the two F atoms, near the TS on the neutral [F-H-F]• surface, dominates the observed three bands, while the F-H-F bending, F—F symmetric stretching modes, and the couplings between them is calculated to account for the breadth of the observed spectrum. From the NIPE spectrum, a lower limit on the activation enthalpy for F• + H-F F-H + F can be estimated to be H‡ = 12 ± 2 kcal/mol, a value below that of H‡ = 14.9 kcal/mol, given by our G4 calculations.

Synthesis of (±)-amathaspiramide F and discovery of an unusual stereocontrolling element for the [2,3]-Stevens rearrangement.

Science.gov (United States)

Soheili, Arash; Tambar, Uttam K

2013-10-04

A formal total synthesis of (±)-amathaspiramide F through a tandem palladium-catalyzed allylic amination/[2,3]-Stevens rearrangement is reported. The unexpected diastereoselectivity of the [2,3]-Stevens rearrangement was controlled by the substitution patterns of an aromatic ring. This discovery represents a new stereocontrolling element for [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements in complex molecular settings.

Aspects of the production of /sup 18/F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose via /sup 18/F/sub 2/ with a tandem Van de Graaf accelerator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shaughnessy, W J; Gatley, S J; Hichwa, R D; Lieberman, L M; Nickles, R J [Wisconsin Univ., Madison (USA). Dept. of Radiology

1981-01-01

During deuteron irradiation of 100 psig neon containing 1-2% of elemental fluorine, the induced /sup 18/F partitions into three main fractions. About 50% remains in the passivated nickel target after elution of the gas mixture. Some of the gaseous /sup 18/F is capable of performing fluorination reactions and is presumed to be /sup 18/F/sub 2/: the rest is a mixture of at least two unreactive gases, one of which behaves on gas chromatography like CF/sub 4/. The ratio of reactive to unreactive gaseous /sup 18/F decreases with longer irradiation times but increases when the target gas is cooled to -30C during bombardment. Reaction of the presumed /sup 18/F/sub 2/ with 4.5,6-triacetyl-D-glucal, essentially by the published method, yielded /sup 18/F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-4,5,6-triacetyl-x-D-glucosyl fluoride and the corresponding ..beta..-D-mannosyl fluoride. These were separated either by column chromatography or preparative TLC, using plates with a pre-absorbent layer. Hydrolysis of the glucoyl fluoride gave /sup 18/F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (/sup 18/F-2FDG) with a decay-corrected yield of about 10% based on /sup 18/F trapped by the triacetylglucal. The 60 min organ distribution of /sup 18/F from /sup 18/F-2-FDG in tumor bearing rats was compared with the corresponding distribution after administration of /sup 18/F-3-deoxy-3-fluoro-D-glucose (/sup 18/F-3FDG). Organ/blood ratios were uniformly higher for /sup 18/F-2FDG than for no carrier added /sup 18/F-3FDG; only heart, brain and thyroid had ratios greater than unity. Added carrier 3-FDG further lowered organ/blood ratios. The main conclusion drawn from this animal work is that /sup 18/F-3FDG is unlikely to rival /sup 18/F-2FDG for nuclear medicine studies, where high target /blood ratios (obtained by metabolic trapping as the sugar-6-phosphate) are necessary. However /sup 18/F-3FDG may be useful for estimating the concentration of free glucose in organs if further work confirms that it is an essentially non

Chilean experience in production of 18F-FDG from 18F in a reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chandia, M.; Godoy, N.; Errazu, X.; Hernandez; Figols, M.; Firnau, G.; Tronsoco, F.

2000-01-01

18 F-FDG (fluorine-deoxy-D-glucose) is an important and useful radiopharmaceutical for imaging and study of myocardial viability. Usually cyclotron-produced 18 F is used to label 18 F-FDG. The availability of a 5 MW Nuclear Reactor in Chile and the absence of a quality cyclotron to produce 18 F required that we developed a method in order to obtain suitable 18 F to label 18 F-FDG using the facilities we have at the Nuclear Center of La Reina, Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission. The nuclear reactions involved are: 6 Li(n,aα) 3 H and 16 O( 3 H,n) 18 F. Enriched Li 2 CO 3 ( 6 Li = 95 %) was irradiated in a 5 MW swimming pool type nuclear reactor with a neutron flux of 5. 7 x 10 13 n cm -2 s -1 for 4 hours. The irradiated Li 2 CO 3 was dissolved in H 2 SO 4 (1:1) and distilled as trimethylsilyl( 18 F)fluoride ( 18 F-TMS). The labelling of the sugar was carried out using the method described by Hamacker. The 18 F-TMS was trapped in a solution of acetonitrile, water, potassium carbonate, and kriptofix and hydrolysed to form 18 F fluoride. The nucleophilic complex reacts with 1,3,4,6, tetra-O-acetyl- 2-O-trifluoromethanesulfonyl-bβ-D-mannopyranose. The acetylated carbohydrate by acid hydrolysis produces 18 F-FDG. The final product was purified using an ion retarding resin (AG11-A8) and a system two Sep Pak Plus: Alumina and C-18 cartridge and sterilised by Millipore 0.22 μm filter. The 18 F-FDG was obtained in an apyrogenic and sterile solution. The 18 F radionuclide purity was higher than 99.9% and the radiochemical purity ofthe 18 F-FDG obtained was over than 99%. Residual 3 H content was as low as 20 (Bq 3 H/MBq 18 F-FDG.). The yield of the process 18 F-FDG was 13.2 %. (authors)

NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5}: Assignment of {sup 19}F NMR resonances and chemical bond analysis from GIPAW calculations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biswal, Mamata, E-mail: Mamata.Biswal-Susanta_Kumar_Nayak.Etu@univ-lemans.fr [LUNAM Université, Université du Maine, CNRS UMR 6283, Institut des Molécules et des Matériaux du Mans, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9 (France); Body, Monique, E-mail: monique.body@univ-lemans.fr [LUNAM Université, Université du Maine, CNRS UMR 6283, Institut des Molécules et des Matériaux du Mans, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9 (France); Legein, Christophe, E-mail: christophe.legein@univ-lemans.fr [LUNAM Université, Université du Maine, CNRS UMR 6283, Institut des Molécules et des Matériaux du Mans, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9 (France); Sadoc, Aymeric, E-mail: Aymeric.Sadoc@cnrs-imn.fr [Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 (France); Boucher, Florent, E-mail: Florent.Boucher@cnrs-imn.fr [Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 (France)

2013-11-15

The {sup 19}F isotropic chemical shifts (δ{sub iso}) of two isomorphic compounds, NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5}, which involve six nonequivalent fluorine sites, have been experimentally determined from the reconstruction of 1D {sup 19}F MAS NMR spectra. In parallel, the corresponding {sup 19}F chemical shielding tensors have been calculated using the GIPAW method for both experimental and DFT-optimized structures. Furthermore, the [M{sub 4}F{sub 20}] units of NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5} being held together by van der Waals interactions, the relevance of Grimme corrections to the DFT optimization processes has been evaluated. However, the semi-empirical dispersion correction term introduced by such a method does not show any significant improvement. Nonetheless, a complete and convincing assignment of the {sup 19}F NMR lines of NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5} is obtained, ensured by the linearity between experimental {sup 19}F δ{sub iso} values and calculated {sup 19}F isotropic chemical shielding σ{sub iso} values. The effects of the geometry optimizations have been carefully analyzed, confirming among other matters, the inaccuracy of the experimental structure of NbF{sub 5}. The relationships between the fluorine chemical shifts, the nature of the fluorine atoms (bridging or terminal), the position of the terminal ones (opposite or perpendicular to the bridging ones), the fluorine charges, the ionicity and the length of the M–F bonds have been established. Additionally, for three of the {sup 19}F NMR lines of NbF{sub 5}, distorted multiplets, arising from {sup 1}J-coupling and residual dipolar coupling between the {sup 19}F and {sup 93}Nb nuclei, were simulated yielding to values of {sup 93}Nb–{sup 19}F {sup 1}J-coupling for the corresponding fluorine sites. - Graphical abstract: The complete assignment of the {sup 19}F NMR lines of NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5} allow establishing relationships between the {sup 19}F δ{sub iso} values, the nature of the fluorine atoms

Measurement of the 19F(n,2n)18F cross section from 18 to 27 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hartmann, C.L.; DeLuca, P.M. Jr.

1990-01-01

the 19 F(n,2n) 18 F cross section was measured at neutron energies of 18, 21, 23, and 27 MeV. Nearly monoenergetic neutrons bombarded teflon (CF 2 ), Zr, and Au samples. 19 F(n,2n) 18 F cross section values were determined relative to nat Zr(n,xn) 89 Zr and 197 Au(n,2n) 196 Au from measurements of the 18 F, 89 Zr, and 196 Au activities. Our results are in agreement with previous measurements below 20 MeV and extend the usefulness of this reaction to 27 MeV. 22 refs., 1 fig., 2 tabs

{sup 5}D{sub 3}{yields}{sup 7}F{sub J} emission of Tb doped sol-gel silica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seed Ahmed, H.A.A.; Ntwaeaborwa, O.M.; Gusowski, M.A. [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, IB51, Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300 (South Africa); Botha, J.R. [Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031 (South Africa); Kroon, R.E., E-mail: KroonRE@ufs.ac.za [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, IB51, Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300 (South Africa)

2012-05-15

Amorphous silica samples doped with 0.1 and 1 mol% of terbium (Tb) were synthesized by the sol-gel method. In addition to the green light associated with {sup 5}D{sub 4}{yields}{sup 7}F{sub J} transitions of Tb{sup 3+}, the sample containing 0.1 mol% also emitted blue light as a result of {sup 5}D{sub 3}{yields}{sup 7}F{sub J} transitions during photoluminescence (PL) measurements. As a result of concentration quenching this blue emission was not observed for the samples doped with the higher concentration (1 mol%). However the blue {sup 5}D{sub 3} {yields}{sup 7}F{sub J} emission was observed in the 1 mol% doped samples during cathodoluminescence (CL) measurements. Since a rough calculation indicated that the excitation rate in the CL system where the blue emission is observed may be similar to a laser PL system under conditions where the blue emission is not observed, the difference is attributed to the nature of the excitation sources. It is suggested that during the CL excitation incident electrons can reduce non-luminescent Tb{sup 4+} ions in the silica, substituting for Si{sup 4+} ions, to the excited (Tb{sup 3+}) Low-Asterisk state and that these are responsible for the blue emission, which does not occur during PL excitation.

Reactions UF4 - ClO2F and UF5 - ClO2F

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Benoit, Raymond; Besnard, Ginette; Hartmanshenn, Olivier; Luce, Michel; Mougin, Jacques; Pelissie, Jean

1970-02-01

The study of the reaction UF 4 - ClO 2 F between 0 deg. and 100 deg. C, by various techniques (micro-sublimation, isopiestic method, IR and UV spectrography, thermogravimetry and X-ray diffraction) shows that intermediate steps are possible before the production of UF 5 . The whole reaction may be schematised by two equations: (1) n UF 4 + ClO 2 F → n UF x + ClO 2 (4 4 + ClO 2 F → UF x + 1/2 Cl 2 + O 2 . The more the temperature rises, the more the second equation becomes experimentally verified. The reaction at 0 deg. C between UF 5 and ClO 2 F may be represented by: UF 5 + ClO 2 F → UF 6 ClO 2 . The reactions: UF 5 + ClO 2 F → UF 6 + ClO 2 , UF 5 + ClO 2 F → UF 6 + 1/2 Cl 2 + O 2 are verified, the first and the second at 25 deg. C., the second from 50 deg. to 150 deg. C. From the results of AGRON it is possible to predict the residual solids before complete volatilization as UF 6 . The IR spectra of ClO 2 F adsorbed on UF 4 and UF x at 60 deg. C have been compared with those of gaseous ClO 2 F and UF 6 adsorbed on UF 4 . (authors) [fr

Tanks 3F and 2F Saltcake Core and Supernate Sample Analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

MARTINO, CHRISTOPHERJ

2004-01-01

In support of Low-Curie Salt (LCS) process validation at the Savannah River Site (SRS), Liquid Waste Disposition (LWD) has undertaken a program of tank waste characterization, including salt sampling. As part of this initiative, they sampled the surface of the saltcake in Tank 3F and Tank 2F using approximately 12-inch long sample tubes. A series of three saltcake samples were taken of the upper crust in Tank 3F and a single saltcake sample was taken from the bottom of a liquid-filled well in Tank 2F. In addition to analysis of the solid saltcake samples, the liquid contained in the Tank 3F samples and a separate supernate sample from Tank 2F were studied. The primary objective of the characterization is to gather information that will be useful to the selection and processing of the next waste tanks. Most important is the determination of the 137Cs concentration and liquid retention properties of Tank 3F and Tank 2F saltcake to enable projection of drained, dissolved salt composition. Additional information will aid in refining the waste characterization system (WCS) and could assist the eventual salt treatment or processing

Automated radiosynthesis of no-carrier-added 4-[18F]fluoroiodobenzene: a versatile building block in 18F radiochemistry.

Science.gov (United States)

Way, Jenilee Dawn; Wuest, Frank

2014-02-01

4-[18F]Fluoroiodobenzene ([18F]FIB) is a versatile building block in 18F radiochemistry used in various transition metal-mediated C-C and C-N cross-coupling reactions and [18F]fluoroarylation reactions. Various synthesis routes have been described for the preparation of [18F]FIB. However, to date, no automated synthesis of [18F]FIB has been reported to allow access to larger amounts of [18F]FIB in high radiochemical and chemical purity. Herein, we describe an automated synthesis of no-carrier-added [18F]FIB on a GE TRACERlab™ FX automated synthesis unit starting from commercially available(4-iodophenyl)diphenylsulfonium triflate as the labelling precursor. [18F]FIB was prepared in high radiochemical yields of 89 ± 10% (decay-corrected, n = 7) within 60 min, including HPLC purification. The radiochemical purity exceeded 95%, and specific activity was greater than 40 GBq/μmol. Typically, from an experiment, 6.4 GBq of [18F]FIB could be obtained starting from 10.4 GBq of [18F]fluoride.

Concurrent fNIRS-fMRI measurement to validate a method for separating deep and shallow fNIRS signals by using multidistance optodes

Science.gov (United States)

Funane, Tsukasa; Sato, Hiroki; Yahata, Noriaki; Takizawa, Ryu; Nishimura, Yukika; Kinoshita, Akihide; Katura, Takusige; Atsumori, Hirokazu; Fukuda, Masato; Kasai, Kiyoto; Koizumi, Hideaki; Kiguchi, Masashi

2015-01-01

Abstract. It has been reported that a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signal can be contaminated by extracerebral contributions. Many algorithms using multidistance separations to address this issue have been proposed, but their spatial separation performance has rarely been validated with simultaneous measurements of fNIRS and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We previously proposed a method for discriminating between deep and shallow contributions in fNIRS signals, referred to as the multidistance independent component analysis (MD-ICA) method. In this study, to validate the MD-ICA method from the spatial aspect, multidistance fNIRS, fMRI, and laser-Doppler-flowmetry signals were simultaneously obtained for 12 healthy adult males during three tasks. The fNIRS signal was separated into deep and shallow signals by using the MD-ICA method, and the correlation between the waveforms of the separated fNIRS signals and the gray matter blood oxygenation level–dependent signals was analyzed. A three-way analysis of variance (signal depth×Hb kind×task) indicated that the main effect of fNIRS signal depth on the correlation is significant [F(1,1286)=5.34, pdeep and shallow signals, and the accuracy and reliability of the fNIRS signal will be improved with the method. PMID:26157983

A simplified one-pot synthesis of 9-[(3-[18F]Fluoro-1-hydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine([18F]FHPG) and 9-(4-[18F]Fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine ([18F]FHBG) for gene therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shiue, Grace G.; Shiue, Chyng-Yann; Lee, Roland L.; MacDonald, Douglas; Hustinx, Roland; Eck, Stephen L.; Alavi, Abass A.

2001-01-01

9-[(3-[ 18 F]Fluoro-1-hydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine ([ 18 F]FHPG, 2) has been synthesized by nucleophilic substitution of N 2 -(p-anisyldiphenylmethyl)-9-{[1-(p-anisyldiphenylmethoxy)-3 -toluenesulfonyloxy-2-propoxy]methyl}guanine (1) with potassium [ 18 F]fluoride/Kryptofix 2.2.2 followed by deprotection with 1 N HCl and purification with different methods in variable yields. When both the nucleophilic substitution and deprotection were carried out at 90 deg. C and the product was purified by HPLC (method A), the yield of compound 2 was 5-10% and the synthesis time was 90 min from EOB. However, if both the nucleophilic substitution and deprotection were carried out at 120 deg. C and the product was purified by HPLC, the yield of compound 2 decreased to 2%. When compound 2 was synthesized at 90 deg. C and purified by Silica Sep-Pak (method B), the yield increased to 10-15% and the synthesis time was 60 min from EOB. Similarly, 9-(4-[ 18 F]fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine ([ 18 F]FHBG, 4) was synthesized with method A and method B in 9% and 10-15% yield, respectively, in a synthesis time of 90 and 60 min, respectively, from EOB. Compound 2 was relatively unstable in acidic medium at 120 deg. C while compound 4 was stable under the same condition. Both compound 2 and compound 4 had low lipid/water partition coefficient (0.126±0.022, n=5 and 0.165±0.023, n=5, respectively). Although it contains non-radioactive ganciclovir (∼5-30 μg) as a chemical by-product, compound 2 synthesized by method B has a similar uptake in 9L glioma cells as that synthesized by method A, and is a potential tracer for imaging herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene expression in tumors using PET. Similarly, compound 4 synthesized by method B contains ∼10-25 μg of penciclovir as a chemical by-product. Thus, the simplified one pot synthesis (method B) is a useful method for synthesizing both compound 2 and compound 4 in good yield for routine clinical use, and the method is

Microfluidic preparation of [18F]FE-SUPPY and [18F]FE-SUPPY:2 - comparison with conventional radiosyntheses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ungersboeck, Johanna; Philippe, Cecile; Mien, Leonhard-Key; Haeusler, Daniela; Shanab, Karem; Lanzenberger, Rupert; Spreitzer, Helmut; Keppler, Bernhard K.; Dudczak, Robert; Kletter, Kurt; Mitterhauser, Markus; Wadsak, Wolfgang

2011-01-01

Introduction: Recently, first applications of microfluidic principles for radiosyntheses of positron emission tomography compounds were presented, but direct comparisons with conventional methods were still missing. Therefore, our aims were (1) the set-up of a microfluidic procedure for the preparation of the recently developed adenosine A 3 -receptor tracers [ 18 F]FE-SUPPY [5-(2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl)2,4-diethyl-3-(ethylsulfanylcarbonyl) -6-phenylpyridine-5-carboxylate] and [ 18 F]FE-SUPPY:2 [5-ethyl-2,4-diethyl-3-((2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl)sulfanylcarbonyl) -6-phenylpyridine-5-carboxylate] and (2) the direct comparison of reaction conditions and radiochemical yields of the no-carrier-added nucleophilic substitution with [ 18 F]fluoride between microfluidic and conventional methods. Methods: For the determination of optimal reaction conditions within an Advion NanoTek synthesizer, 5-50 μl of precursor and dried [ 18 F]fluoride solution were simultaneously pushed through the temperature-controlled reactor (26 o C-180 o C) with defined reactant bolus flow rates (10-50 μl/min). Radiochemical incorporation yields (RCIYs) and overall radiochemical yields for large-scale preparations were compared with data from conventional batch-mode syntheses. Results: Optimal reaction parameters for the microfluidic set-up were determined as follows: 170 o C, 30-μl/min pump rate per reactant (reaction overall flow rate of 60 μl/min) and 5-mg/ml precursor concentration in the reaction mixture. Applying these optimized conditions, we observed a significant increase in RCIY from 88.2% to 94.1% (P 18 F]FE-SUPPY and that from 42.5% to 95.5% (P 18 F]FE-SUPPY:2 using microfluidic instead of conventional heating. Precursor consumption was decreased from 7.5 and 10 mg to 1 mg per large-scale synthesis for both title compounds, respectively. Conclusion: The direct comparison of radiosyntheses data applying a conventional method and a microfluidic approach revealed a significant increase of RCIY

First experience with early dynamic 18F-NaF-PET/CT in patients with chronic osteomyelitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Freesmeyer, M.; Stecker, F.F.; Schierz, J.-H.; Winkens, T.; Hofmann, G.O.

2014-01-01

This study investigates whether early dynamic positron emission tomography/computed tomography (ed-PET/CT) using 18 F-sodium fluoride-( 18 F-NaF) is feasible in depicting early phases of radiotracer distribution in patients with chronic osteomyelitis (COM). A total of 12 ed 18 F-NaF-PET/CT examinations were performed on 11 consecutive patients (2 female, 9 male; age 53 ± 12 years) in list mode over 5 min starting with radiopharmaceutical injection before standard late 18 F-NaF-PET/CT. Eight consecutive time intervals (frames) were reconstructed for each patient: four 15 s, then four 60 s. Several volumes of interest (VOI) were selected, representing the affected area as well as different reference areas within the bone and soft tissue. Maximum and mean ed standardized uptake values (edSUV max , edSUV mean , respectively) were calculated in each VOI during each frame to measure early fluoride influx and accumulation. Results were compared between affected and non-affected (contralateral) bones. Starting in the 31-45 s frame, the affected bone area showed significantly higher edSUV max and edSUV mean compared to the healthy contralateral region. The affected bone areas also significantly differed from non-affected contralateral regions in conventional late 18 F-NaF-PET/CT. This pilot study suggests that, in patients with COM, ed 18 F-NaF-PET offers additional information about early radiotracer distribution to standard 18 F-NaF-PET/CT, similar to a three-phase bone scan. The results should be validated in larger trials which directly compare ed 18 F-NaF-PET to a three-phase bone scan. (author)

4- {sup 18}F]fluoroarylalkylethers via an improved synthesis of n.c.a. 4- {sup 18}F]fluorophenol

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ludwig, Thomas; Ermert, Johannes E-mail: j.ermert@fz-juelich.de; Coenen, Heinz H

2002-02-01

This paper describes the improved synthesis of n.c.a. 4- {sup 18}F]fluorophenol for the preparation of {sup 18}F-labeled alkylarylethers. Nucleophilic fluorination of substituted benzophenone derivatives yielded n.c.a. 4- {sup 18}F]fluoro-4'-substituted benzophenones with 80- 90 % RCY, which were converted to benzoic acid phenylesters by treatment with peracetic acid. Strong electron-withdrawing substituents like nitro, cyano and trifluoromethyl favor a fluorophenyl-to-oxygen migration resulting in the formation of corresponding benzoic acid fluorophenylesters. N.c.a. {sup 18}F]fluorophenol is almost quantitatively formed after hydrolysis and can easily be converted with alkylhalides into n.c.a. {sup 18}F]fluoroarylalkylethers.

Actividad física y autoconcepto, físico y general, a lo largo de la edad adulta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guillermo Infante

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio tiene por objetivo precisar las diferencias, asociadas con tres momentos de la edad adulta, en el autoconcepto y en las autopercepciones físicas así como la relación de dichas diferencias con el sexo y la actividad física. Participaron en el estudio 912 personas (350 hombres; 560 mujeres de entre 23 y 64 años (M = 45.41; DE = 13.41 divididas en tres tramos de edad (23 a 34; 35 a 49; 50 a 64 años. Los participantes se autoclasificaron como personas activas o no activas. Para la medición del autoconcepto se utilizó el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Físico (CAF compuesto por las siguientes escalas: habilidad física, condición física, atractivo físico, fuerza física, autoconcepto físico general así como autoconcepto general. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que: a. varias de las dimensiones del autoconcepto disminuyen a medida que aumenta la edad de cada uno de los tres grupos estudiados; b. el descenso es menor en la mujeres que en los hombres; c. la percepción subjetiva de ser una persona activa se asocia positivamente con el autoconcepto físico; d. el descenso de autoconcepto asociado con la edad afecta en menor medida a las personas activas. Estos datos aportan nueva información a la investigación y pautas para la educación personal y física de las personas adultas.

Syntheses, Raman spectra, and X-ray crystal structures of [XeF(5)][mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)] and [M][OsO(3)F(3)] (M = XeF(5)(+), Xe(2)F(11)(+)).

Science.gov (United States)

Hughes, Michael J; Mercier, Hélène P A; Schrobilgen, Gary J

2010-04-05

Stoichiometric amounts of XeF(6) and (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity) react at 25-50 degrees C to form salts of the known XeF(5)(+) and Xe(2)F(11)(+) cations, namely, [XeF(5)][mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)], [XeF(5)][OsO(3)F(3)], and [Xe(2)F(11)][OsO(3)F(3)]. Although XeF(6) is oxophilic toward a number of transition metal and main-group oxides and oxide fluorides, fluoride/oxide metathesis was not observed. The series provides the first examples of noble-gas cations that are stabilized by metal oxide fluoride anions and the first example of a mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)(-) salt. Both [XeF(5)][mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)] and [Xe(2)F(11)][OsO(3)F(3)] are orange solids at room temperature. The [XeF(5)][OsO(3)F(3)] salt is an orange liquid at room temperature that solidifies at 5-0 degrees C. When the salts are heated at 50 degrees C under 1 atm of N(2) for more than 2 h, significant XeF(6) loss occurs. The X-ray crystal structures (-173 degrees C) show that the salts exist as discrete ion pairs and that the osmium coordination spheres in OsO(3)F(3)(-) and mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)(-) are pseudo-octahedral OsO(3)F(3)-units having facial arrangements of oxygen and fluorine atoms. The mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)(-) anion is comprised of two symmetry-related OsO(3)F(2)-groups that are fluorine-bridged to one another. Ion pairing results from secondary bonding interactions between the fluorine/oxygen atoms of the anions and the xenon atom of the cation, with the Xe...F/O contacts occurring opposite the axial fluorine and from beneath the equatorial XeF(4)-planes of the XeF(5)(+) and Xe(2)F(11)(+) cations so as to avoid the free valence electron lone pairs of the xenon atoms. The xenon atoms of [XeF(5)][mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)] and [Xe(2)F(11)][OsO(3)F(3)] are nine-coordinate and the xenon atom of [XeF(5)][OsO(3)F(3)] is eight-coordinate. Quantum-chemical calculations at SVWN and B3LYP levels of theory were used to obtain the gas-phase geometries, vibrational frequencies, and NBO bond orders, valencies, and NPA charges of

Signature of a possible relationship between the maximum CME speed index and the critical frequencies of the F1 and F2 ionospheric layers: Data analysis for a mid-latitude ionospheric station during the solar cycles 23 and 24

Science.gov (United States)

Kilcik, Ali; Ozguc, Atila; Yiǧit, Erdal; Yurchyshyn, Vasyl; Donmez, Burcin

2018-06-01

We analyze temporal variations of two solar indices, the monthly mean Maximum CME Speed Index (MCMESI) and the International Sunspot Number (ISSN) as well as the monthly median ionospheric critical frequencies (foF1, and foF2) for the time period of 1996-2013, which covers the entire solar cycle 23 and the ascending branch of the cycle 24. We found that the maximum of foF1 and foF2 occurred respectively during the first and second maximum of the ISSN solar activity index in the solar cycle 23. We compared these data sets by using the cross-correlation and hysteresis analysis and found that both foF1 and foF2 show higher correlation with ISSN than the MCMESI during the investigated time period, but when significance levels are considered correlation coefficients between the same indices become comparable. Cross-correlation analysis showed that the agreement between these data sets (solar indices and ionospheric critical frequencies) is better pronounced during the ascending phases of solar cycles, while they display significant deviations during the descending phase. We conclude that there exists a signature of a possible relationship between MCMESI and foF1 and foF2, which means that MCMESI could be used as a possible indicator of solar and geomagnetic activity, even though other investigations are needed.

Release quantification in {sup 18}F from the confines number 4 of the Laboratory 16 of the S.H.F.J. at Orsay; Quantification des rejets en {sup 18}F de l'enceinte n. 4 du Laboratoire 16 du S.H.F.J. d'Orsay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lecacheux, E. [CEA Saclay, 91 - Gif sur Yvette (France); Guelin, M.; Fauquant, J.M.; Thomas, F.; Boden, R. [CEA Saclay, Direction des Sciences de la Matiere (DSM/SPR), 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France)

2007-07-01

The object of this study is to determine the yields of trapping of the sampling system (French acronym:P.I.A.F.F. for iodine sample and aerosol with an immovable filter) put in place in order to characterize the gaseous effluents in {sup 18}F emitted during a Fluoro-L-Dopa synthesis. The yields are low for the two studied kinds (we are far from the yield of 100% used for the iodine trapping). The use of active carbon is not recommended in view of the disparity of the trapping yields in function of the different synthesised molecules (or different synthesis). The use of the T.C.R.( table of radiological control) as quantification mean of gaseous release become the benchmark mean; there is a correct correlation between the release got by gaseous sampling and the release measured by the T.C.R..The analysis reports have shown the lack of other radionuclides, the information delivered by the T.C.R. is consequently specific to {sup 18}F. Uncertainties calculations on rates, on trapping yields as well as released activities have been tackled and should be finalized in order to associate them to the results. Other tests should be thereafter realised in order to improve the trapping yields. (N.C.)

18F-Fluoroglucosylation of peptides, exemplified on cyclo(RGDfK)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hultsch, Christina; Schottelius, Margret; Auernheimer, Joerg; Alke, Andrea; Wester, Hans-Juergen

2009-01-01

Oxime formation between an aminooxy-functionalized peptide and an 18 F-labelled aldehyde has recently been introduced as a powerful method for the rapid one-step chemoselective synthesis of radiofluorinated peptides. Here, the potential of using routinely produced and thus readily available [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([ 18 F](FDG)) as the aldehydic prosthetic group was investigated using an aminooxyacetyl-conjugated cyclic RGD peptide (cyclo(RGDfK)(Aoa-Boc)) as a model peptide. The use of [ 18 F]FDG from routine production ([ 18 F]FDGTUM) containing an excess of d-glucose did not allow the radiosynthesis of [ 18 F]FDG-RGD in activities >37 MBq in reasonable yield, rendering the direct use of clinical grade [ 18 F]FDG for the routine clinical synthesis of 18 F-labelled peptides impossible. Using no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) [ 18 F]FDG obtained via HPLC separation of [ 18 F]FDGTUM from excess glucose, however, afforded [ 18 F]FDG-RGD in yields of 56-93% (decay corrected) and activities up to 37 MBq. Suitable reaction conditions were 20 min at 120 C and pH 2.5, and a peptide concentration of 5 mM. In a preliminary in vivo biodistribution study in M21 melanoma-bearing nude mice, [ 18 F]FDG-RGD showed increased tumour accumulation compared to the ''gold standard'' [ 18 F]galacto-RGD (2.18 vs 1.49 %iD/g, respectively, at 120 min after injection), but also slightly increased uptake in non-target organs, leading to comparable tumour/organ ratios for both compounds.??These data demonstrate that chemoselective 18 F-labelling of aminooxy-functionalized peptides using n.c.a. [ 18 F]FDG represents a radiofluorination/glycosylation strategy that allows preparation of 18 F-labelled peptides in high yield with suitable pharmacokinetics. As soon as the necessary n.c.a. preparation of [ 18 F]FDG prior to reaction with the Aoa-peptide can be implemented in a fully automated [ 18 F]FDG-synthesis, [ 18 F]fluoroglucosylation of peptides may represent a promising alternative to currently

(18)F-Fluoroglucosylation of peptides, exemplified on cyclo(RGDfK).

Science.gov (United States)

Hultsch, Christina; Schottelius, Margret; Auernheimer, Jörg; Alke, Andrea; Wester, Hans-Jürgen

2009-09-01

Oxime formation between an aminooxy-functionalized peptide and an (18)F-labelled aldehyde has recently been introduced as a powerful method for the rapid one-step chemoselective synthesis of radiofluorinated peptides. Here, the potential of using routinely produced and thus readily available [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([(18)F]FDG) as the aldehydic prosthetic group was investigated using an aminooxyacetyl-conjugated cyclic RGD peptide (cyclo(RGDfK(Aoa-(Boc)) as a model peptide. The use of [(18)F]FDG from routine production ([(18)F]FDGTUM) containing an excess of D: -glucose did not allow the radiosynthesis of [(18)F]FDG-RGD in activities >37 MBq in reasonable yield, rendering the direct use of clinical grade [(18)F]FDG for the routine clinical synthesis of (18)F-labelled peptides impossible. Using no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) [(18)F]FDG obtained via HPLC separation of [(18)F]FDGTUM from excess glucose, however, afforded [(18)F]FDG-RGD in yields of 56-93% (decay corrected) and activities up to 37 MBq. Suitable reaction conditions were 20 min at 120 degrees C and pH 2.5, and a peptide concentration of 5 mM. In a preliminary in vivo biodistribution study in M21 melanoma-bearing nude mice, [(18)F]FDG-RGD showed increased tumour accumulation compared to the "gold standard" [(18)F]galacto-RGD (2.18 vs 1.49 %iD/g, respectively, at 120 min after injection), but also slightly increased uptake in non-target organs, leading to comparable tumour/organ ratios for both compounds. These data demonstrate that chemoselective (18)F-labelling of aminooxy-functionalized peptides using n.c.a. [(18)F]FDG represents a radiofluorination/glycosylation strategy that allows preparation of (18)F-labelled peptides in high yield with suitable pharmacokinetics. As soon as the necessary n.c.a. preparation of [(18)F]FDG prior to reaction with the Aoa-peptide can be implemented in a fully automated [(18)F]FDG-synthesis, [(18)F]fluoroglucosylation of peptides may represent a promising alternative to

Heat transfer measurements in a forced convection loop with two molten-fluoride salts: LiF--BeF2--ThF2--UF4 and eutectic NaBF4--NaF

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silverman, M.D.; Huntley, W.R.; Robertson, H.E.

1976-10-01

Heat transfer coefficients were determined experimentally for two molten-fluoride salts [LiF-BeF 2 -ThF 2 -UF 4 (72-16-12-0.3 mole %) and NaBF 4 -NaF (92-8 mole %] proposed as the fuel salt and coolant salt, respectively, for molten-salt breeder reactors. Information was obtained over a wide range of variables, with salt flowing through 12.7-mm-OD (0.5-in.) Hastelloy N tubing in a forced convection loop (FCL-2b). Satisfactory agreement with the empirical Sieder-Tate correlation was obtained in the fully developed turbulent region at Reynolds moduli above 15,000 and with a modified Hausen equation in the extended transition region (Re approx.2100-15,000). Insufficient data were obtained in the laminar region to allow any conclusions to be drawn. These results indicate that the proposed salts behave as normal heat transfer fluids with an extended transition region

Variation of hmF2 and NmF2 deduced from DPS-4 over Multan (Pakistan) and their comparisons with IRI-2012 & IRI-2016 during the deep solar minimum between cycles 23 & 24

Science.gov (United States)

Ameen, Muhammad Ayyaz; Khursheed, Haqqa; Jabbar, Mehak Abdul; Ali, Muneeza Salman; Chishtie, Farrukh

2018-04-01

We report the results of ionospheric measurements from DPS-4 installed at Multan (Geog coord. 30.18°N, 71.48°E, dip 47.4°). The variations in F2-layer maximum electron density NmF2 and its peak height hmF2 are studied during the deep solar minimum between cycles 23 & 24 i.e 2008-2009 with comparisons conducted with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) versions 2012 & 2016. We find that the hmF2 observations peak around the pre-sunrise and sunrise hours depending on the month. Seasonally, the daytime variation of NmF2 is higher in the Equinox and Summer, while daytime hmF2 are slightly higher in the Equinox and Winter. High values of hmF2 around midnight are caused by an increase of upward drifts produced by meridional winds. The ionosphere over Multan, which lies at the verge of low and mid latitude, is affected by both E × B drifts and thermospheric winds as evident from mid-night peaks and near-sunrise dips in hmF2. The results of the comparison of the observed NmF2 and hmF2 for the year 2008-2009 with the IRI-2012 (both NmF2 and hmF2) and IRI-2016 (only hmF2) estimates indicate that for NmF2, IRI-2012 with Consultative Committee International Radio (CCIR) option produces values in better agreement with observed data. Whereas, for hmF2, IRI-2016 with both International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and CCIR SHU-2015 options, predicts well for nighttime hours throughout the year. However, the IRI-2012 with CCIR option produces better agreement with data during daytime hours. Furthermore, IRI-2012 with CCIR option gives better results during Equinox months, whereas, IRI-2016 with both URSI and CCIR SHU-2015 options predict well for Winter and Summer.

Skew cyclic codes over F_q+uF_q+vF_q+uvF_q

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ting Yao

2015-09-01

Full Text Available In this paper, we study skew cyclic codes over the ring $R=F_q+uF_q+vF_q+uvF_q$, where $u^{2}=u,v^{2}=v,uv=vu$, $q=p^{m}$ and $p$ is an odd prime. We investigate the structural properties of skew cyclic codes over $R$ through a decomposition theorem. Furthermore, we give a formula for the number of skew cyclic codes of length $n$ over $R.$

Homestead AFB, Florida Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

Science.gov (United States)

1984-09-01

TEMPERATURE DEPRESION (P) _ TOTAL. TOTAL IF) 0 1.2 3-4 1 5- 7.6 19-10 11-1 12 -14 IS- 10 17 -i8 It-20121-22 23-24 2S.3627. S 294-01 hJ3-02W.U- o,,m61b Wo...I 1ll91 T.pWIT SULIS TIMPURATURN DEPRESION (F) TOTAL TOTAL (F) 0 1.2 3.-4 15.6 7. - 0- 0 132Oi $.16212223-24 25 2 S 2 . 2- .31 .AdW11. My O 11S.IbfvWS

1-[[sup 18]F]fluoro-2-propanol p-toluenesulfonate: a synthon for the preparation of N-([[sup 18]F]fluoroisopropyl)amines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Groot, T.J. de; Elsinga, P.H.; Visser, G.M.; Vaalburg, W. (Groningen Univ. (Netherlands). PET Center and GCCS)

1992-11-01

The new radiochemical synthon 1-[[sup 18]F]fluoro-2-propanol p-toluenesulfonate is prepared with a radiochemical yield of 45% [corrected for decay to beginning of synthesis, synthesis time 40 min]. This compound is used to prepare the [[sup 18]F]fluoroisopropyl-alkylated derivatives of benzylamine and norephedrine with a yield of 7 and 2% respectively, (synthesis time 90 min). This alkylation reaction a good perspective for the preparation of [[sup 18]F]fluoro-labelled analogues of [beta][sub 1]-adrenergic receptor binding ligands for PET. (Author).

Interfacial phenomena in the reactions of Al-B, Al-Ti-B, and Al-Zr-B alloys with KF-AlF3 and NaF-AlF3 melts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, M.S.; Terry, B.S.; Grieveson, P.

1993-01-01

The interfacial phenomena occurring during the contacting of liquid Al-B, Al-Ti-B, and Al-Zr-B melts with KF-AlF 3 liquid fluxes have been investigated by optical examination of quenched metal drops previously immersed in the liquid fluxes. Reactions in the Al-B/KF-AlF 3 system involve the formation of metastable AlB 12 at the metal/flux interface. At high KBF 4 levels in the flux, the AlB 12 is dispersed in the flux and also at low KBF 4 levels in the metal. Reactions in the Al-Ti-B/KF-AlF 3 system involve the formation of TiB 2 , which may be dispersed in either the metal or the flux depending upon the composition of the flux. The results obtained for the Al-Ti-B/NaF-AlF 3 and Al-Zr-B/KF-AlF 3 systems were similar to those observed for the Al-Ti-B/KF-AlF 3 system

Automatic synthesis of 16α-[18F]fluoro-17β-estradiol using a cassette-type [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose synthesizer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mori, Tetsuya; Kasamatsu, Shingo; Mosdzianowski, Christoph; Welch, Michael J.; Yonekura, Yoshiharu; Fujibayashi, Yasuhisa

2006-01-01

16α-[ 18 F]fluoro-17β-estradiol ([ 18 F]FES) is a radiotracer for imaging estrogen receptors by positron emission tomography. We developed a clinically applicable automatic preparation system for [ 18 F]FES by modifying a cassette-type [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose synthesizer. Two milligrams of 3-O-methoxymethyl-16,17-O-sulfuryl-16-epiestriol in acetonitrile was heated at 105 o C for 10 min with dried [ 18 F]fluoride. The resultant solution was evaporated and hydrolyzed with 0.2 N HCl in 90% acetonitrile/water at 95 o C for 10 min under pressurized condition. The neutralization was carried out with 2.8% NaHCO 3 , and then the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification was performed. The desired radioactive fraction was collected and the solvent was replaced by 10 ml of saline, and then passed through a 0.22-μm filter into a pyrogen-free vial as the final product. The HPLC purification data demonstrated that [ 18 F]FES was synthesized with a yield of 76.4±1.9% (n=5). The yield as the final product for clinical use was 42.4±3.2% (n=5, decay corrected). The total preparation time was 88.2±6.4 min, including the HPLC purification and the solvent replacement process. The radiochemical purity of the final product was >99%, and the specific activity was more than 111 GBq/μmol. The final product was stable for more than 6 h in saline containing sodium ascorbate. This new preparation system enables us to produce [ 18 F]FES safe for clinical use with high and reproducible yield

19 CFR 12.104f - Temporary disposition of materials and articles.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Temporary disposition of materials and articles... SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY SPECIAL CLASSES OF MERCHANDISE Cultural Property § 12.104f Temporary... museum or other cultural or scientific institution in the U.S. if he finds that sufficient safeguards...

Semileptonic form factors D{yields}{pi},K and B{yields}{pi},K from a fine lattice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Al-Haydari, A.; Ali Khan, A. [Taiz Univ. (Yemen). Dept. of Physics; Braun, V.M.; Collins, S.; Goeckeler, M.; Schaefer, A. [Regensburg Univ. (Germany). Inst. for Theoretical Physics; Lacagnina, G.N. [INFN, Milan (Italy); Panero, M. [Regensburg Univ. (Germany). Inst. for Theoretical Physics; ETH Zuerich (Switzerland). Inst. for Theoretical Physics; Schierholz, G. [Regensburg Univ. (Germany). Inst. for Theoretical Physics; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany)

2009-03-15

We extract the form factors relevant for semileptonic decays of D and B mesons from a relativistic computation on a fine lattice in the quenched approximation. The lattice spacing is a=0.04 fm (corresponding to a{sup -1}=4.97 GeV), which allows us to run very close to the physical B meson mass, and to reduce the systematic errors associated with the extrapolation in terms of a heavy quark expansion. For decays of D and D{sub s} mesons, our results for the physical form factors at q{sup 2}=0 are as follows: f{sub +}{sup D{yields}}{sup {pi}}(0)=0.74(6)(4), f{sub +}{sup D{yields}}{sup K}(0)=0.78(5)(4) and f{sub +}{sup D{sub s}{yields}}{sup K}(0)=0.68(4)(3). Similarly, for B and B{sub s} we find: f{sub +}{sup B{yields}}{sup {pi}}(0)=0.27(7)(5), f{sub +}{sup B{yields}}{sup K}(0)=0.32(6)(6) and f{sub +}{sup B{sub s}{yields}}{sup K}(0)=0.23(5)(4). We compare our results with other quenched and unquenched lattice calculations, as well as with lightcone sum rule predictions, finding good agreement. (orig.)

Preparation of 16α[18F] fluoro-17β-fluoroestradiol on domestic synthesis module

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Chuanjin; Zhu Hong; Fang Keyuan

2012-01-01

To investigate the synthesis method of 16α-[ 18 F] fluoro-17β-fluoroestradiol on domestic synthesizing module, the automated synthesis was carried out through the reaction of 3-O-(methoxymethyl) -16,17-O-sulfuryl-16-epiestriol (MMSE, 1 mg) as precursor with 18 F- at 105 ℃ for 15 min in sealed system on domestic synthesizer, then 0.8 mL 1 mol/L HC1 dissolved in 7.2 mL acetonetrile was added in three parts to the reaction vessel for hydrolysis and hydrolysis reaction was performed at 105 ℃ for 6 min. The final reaction solution was purified by HPLC to give 18 F-FES. Preparation of 18 F-FES on domestic synthesis module was in the uncorrected synthesis yield of 8.2% (corrected synthesis yield 12.8%). Total synthesis time was about 70 min and radiochemical purity was higher than 98%. The product had good stability at room temperature. 18 F-FES injection can be prepared on domes- tic synthesis module and the quality can meet the requirements of radiopharmaceuticals for clinical use, (authors)

Yield potential and fruit quality of scallop squash (Cucurbita pepo L. var. patissonina Greb. f. radiata Nois. cultivars grown for processing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eugeniusz Kołota

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Scallop squash fruits may be harvested at different stages of development. Small size fruits, intended both for the fresh market and the food industry, have the highest biological value. This study was conducted to determine the yield potential of scallop squash cultivars (‘Polo F1’, ‘Disco’, ‘Gagat’, ‘Okra’, ‘Sunny Delight F1’ grown on mulched (black polyethylene foil or black agrotextile or unmulched soil, and harvested when fruits reached a diameter of 3–6 cm. Based on 3-year average data, the highest marketable and early yield was produced by ‘Sunny Delight F1’. This cultivar is also appreciated by consumers for its yellow colored skin of fruits. Another advantage of this cultivar was its high nutritional value expressed by the highest content of dry matter, vitamin C, polyphenols and minerals (K, P, Ca, Mg, with limited tendency to nitrate accumulation. Among the other cultivars tested, ‘Okra’ showed high yield potential, ‘Gagat’ was a rich source of carotenoids, and ‘Disco’ – polyphenols. Black polyethylene foil and black agrotextile appeared to be equally effective mulching materials. The benefit from the application of mulch was a significant increase in yield without any change in the chemical composition of the fruit.

Inhibition of ERK1/2 or AKT Activity Equally Enhances Radiation Sensitization in B16F10 Cells

Science.gov (United States)

Kalal, Bhuvanesh Sukhlal; Fathima, Faraz; Pai, Vinitha Ramanath; Sanjeev, Ganesh; Krishna, Chilakapati Murali; Upadhya, Dinesh

2018-01-01

Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the radiation sensitizing ability of ERK1/2, PI3K-AKT and JNK inhibitors in highly radiation resistant and metastatic B16F10 cells which carry wild-type Ras and Braf. Methods Mouse melanoma cell line B16F10 was exposed to 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of electron beam radiation. Phosphorylated ERK1/2, AKT and JNK levels were estimated by ELISA. Cells were exposed to 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of radiation with or without prior pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2, AKT as well as JNK pathways. Cell death induced by radiation as well as upon inhibition of these pathways was measured by TUNEL assay using flow cytometry. Results Exposure of B16F10 cells to 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of electron beam irradiation triggered an increase in all the three phosphorylated proteins compared to sham-treated and control groups. B16F10 cells pre-treated with either ERK1/2 or AKT inhibitors equally enhanced radiation-induced cell death at 2.0 as well as 3.0 Gy (P < 0.001), while inhibition of JNK pathway increased radiation-induced cell death to a lesser extent. Interestingly combined inhibition of ERK1/2 or AKT pathways did not show additional cell death compared to individual ERK1/2 or AKT inhibition. This indicates that ERK1/2 or AKT mediates radiation resistance through common downstream molecules in B16F10 cells. Conclusions Even without activating mutations in Ras or Braf genes, ERK1/2 and AKT play a critical role in B16F10 cell survival upon radiation exposure and possibly act through common downstream effector/s. PMID:29581812

18F-FPYBF-2, a new F-18 labelled amyloid imaging PET tracer: biodistribution and radiation dosimetry assessment of first-in-man 18F-FPYBF-2 PET imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Nishii, Ryuichi; Higashi, Tatsuya; Kagawa, Shinya; Okuyama, Chio; Kishibe, Yoshihiko; Takahashi, Masaaki; Okina, Tomoko; Suzuki, Norio; Hasegawa, Hiroshi; Nagahama, Yasuhiro; Ishizu, Koichi; Oishi, Naoya; Kimura, Hiroyuki; Watanabe, Hiroyuki; Ono, Masahiro; Saji, Hideo; Yamauchi, Hiroshi

2018-05-01

Recently, a benzofuran derivative for the imaging of β-amyloid plaques, 5-(5-(2-(2-(2- 18 F-fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)benzofuran-2-yl)- N-methylpyridin-2-amine ( 18 F-FPYBF-2) has been validated as a tracer for amyloid imaging and it was found that 18 F-FPYBF-2 PET/CT is a useful and reliable diagnostic tool for the evaluation of AD (Higashi et al. Ann Nucl Med, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-018-1236-1 , 2018). The aim of this study was to assess the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of diagnostic dosages of 18 F-FPYBF-2 in normal healthy volunteers as a first-in-man study. Four normal healthy volunteers (male: 3, female: 1; mean age: 40 ± 17; age range 25-56) were included and underwent 18 F-FPYBF-2 PET/CT study for the evaluation of radiation exposure and pharmacokinetics. A 10-min dynamic PET/CT scan of the body (chest and abdomen) was performed at 0-10 min and a 15-min whole-body static scan was performed six times after the injection of 18 F-FPYBF-2. After reconstructing PET and CT image data, individual organ time-activity curves were estimated by fitting volume of interest data from the dynamic scan and whole-body scans. The OLINDA/EXM version 2.0 software was used to determine the whole-body effective doses. Dynamic PET imaging demonstrated that the hepatobiliary and renal systems were the principal pathways of clearance of 18 F-FPYBF-2. High uptake in the liver and the gall bladder, the stomach, and the kidneys were demonstrated, followed by the intestines and the urinary bladder. The ED for the adult dosimetric model was estimated to be 8.48 ± 1.25 µSv/MBq. The higher absorbed doses were estimated for the liver (28.98 ± 12.49 and 36.21 ± 15.64 µGy/MBq), the brain (20.93 ± 4.56 and 23.05 ± 5.03µ Gy/MBq), the osteogenic cells (9.67 ± 1.67 and 10.29 ± 1.70 µGy/MBq), the small intestines (9.12 ± 2.61 and 11.12 ± 3.15 µGy/MBq), and the kidneys (7.81 ± 2.62 and 8.71 ± 2.90 µGy/MBq) for

The preparation of F(ab')2 fragment and it's application in tumor radioimmunoimaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Ziyi

1991-01-01

Monoclonal antibody against lung cancer was digested into F(ab') 2 fragment by pepsin and papain digestion. The yields of pure F(ab') 2 were 32.3 ± 5.5% and 52.3 ± 12.0% respectively. The immunoreactivity of F(ab') 2 was based on the ELISA assay and the cell binding studies was retained well. In the localization experiments, radioiodinated F(ab') 2 was injected intraperitoneally into the nude mice bearing human xenografts of lung cancer. The highest radioactivity in tumors, 1.37% of injected dose per gram, was reached on the first day after injection; its T/NT ratios were higher than those of the intact IgG in all tissues except kidney. The localization index (LI) in tumors was 4.95, while the average LI value of normal tissues was 1.25. After the injection of 131 I-F(ab') 2 intraperitoneally into lung tumor-bearing nude mice, photo scintigraphy was performed at intervals of 12 hrs. The xenografts were visualized distinctly during 36 ∼ 48 hr, and the nonspecific background was very low at 48 hr

Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4) and the Raman spectra of (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity), (OsO(3)F(2))(2), and (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4).

Science.gov (United States)

Hughes, Michael J; Mercier, Hélène P A; Schrobilgen, Gary J

2009-05-18

The adduct, (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4), was synthesized by dissolution of the infinite chain polymer, (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity), in XeOF(4) solvent at room temperature followed by removal of excess XeOF(4) under dynamic vacuum at 0 degrees C. Continued pumping at 0 degrees C resulted in removal of associated XeOF(4), yielding (OsO(3)F(2))(2), a new low-temperature phase of OsO(3)F(2). Upon standing at 25 degrees C for 1(1)/(2) h, (OsO(3)F(2))(2) underwent a phase transition to the known monoclinic phase, (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity). The title compounds, (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity), (OsO(3)F(2))(2), and (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4) have been characterized by low-temperature (-150 degrees C) Raman spectroscopy. Crystallization of (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4) from XeOF(4) solution at 0 degrees C yielded crystals suitable for X-ray structure determination. The structural unit contains the (OsO(3)F(2))(2) dimer in which the OsO(3)F(3) units are joined by two Os---F---Os bridges having fluorine bridge atoms that are equidistant from the osmium centers (2.117(5) and 2.107(4) A). The dimer coordinates to two XeOF(4) molecules through Os-F...Xe bridges in which the Xe...F distances (2.757(5) A) are significantly less than the sum of the Xe and F van der Waals radii (3.63 A). The (OsO(3)F(2))(2) dimer has C(i) symmetry in which each pseudo-octahedral OsO(3)F(3) unit has a facial arrangement of oxygen ligands with XeOF(4) molecules that are only slightly distorted from their gas-phase C(4v) symmetry. Quantum-chemical calculations using SVWN and B3LYP methods were employed to calculate the gas-phase geometries, natural bond orbital analyses, and vibrational frequencies of (OsO(3)F(2))(2), (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4), XeOF(4), OsO(2)F(4), and (mu-FOsO(3)F(2))(2)OsO(3)F(-) to aid in the assignment of the experimental vibrational frequencies of (OsO(3)F(2))(2), (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4), and (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity). The vibrational modes of the low-temperature polymeric phase, (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity), have been

Ab initio study of the diatomic fluorides FeF, CoF, NiF, and CuF.

Science.gov (United States)

Koukounas, Constantine; Mavridis, Aristides

2008-11-06

The late-3d transition-metal diatomic fluorides MF = FeF, CoF, NiF, and CuF have been studied using variational multireference (MRCI) and coupled-cluster [RCCSD(T)] methods, combined with large to very large basis sets. We examined a total of 35 (2S+1)|Lambda| states, constructing as well 29 full potential energy curves through the MRCI method. All examined states are ionic, diabatically correlating to M(+)+F(-)((1)S). Notwithstanding the "eccentric" character of the 3d transition metals and the difficulties to accurately be described with all-electron ab initio methods, our results are, in general, in very good agreement with available experimental numbers.

Evaluation of an [18F]AlF-NOTA Analog of Exendin-4 for Imaging of GLP-1 Receptor in Insulinoma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dale O. Kiesewetter, Ning Guo, Jinxia Guo, Haokao Gao, Lei Zhu, Ying Ma, Gang Niu, Xiaoyuan Chen

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: The GLP-1 receptor plays an important role in glucose homeostasis and thus is a very important target for diabetes therapy. The receptor is also overexpressed in insulinoma, a tumor of pancreatic beta-cells. We previously evaluated two fluorine-18-labeled analogs of exendin-4 prepared by conjugation with [18F]FBEM (N-[2-(4-[18F]fluorobenzamideethyl]maleimide. Both compounds demonstrated good tumor uptake, but the synthesis of the radiotracers was time consuming. To overcome this challenge, we developed a NOTA analog and performed radiolabeling using aluminum [18F]fluoride complexation.Methods: Cys40-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide. [18F]AlF conjugation was conducted and the radiolabeled product purified by preparative HPLC. Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts. Uptake of tumor and other major organs in static images was quantitated (%ID/g and comparison with blocking studies was made. PET quantification was also compared with ex vivo biodistribution results.Results: The radiosynthesis provided [18F]AlF-NOTA-MAL-cys40-exendin-4 in 23.6 ± 2.4 % radiochemical yield (uncorrected, n = 3 after HPLC; the process required about 55 min. The specific activity at time of injection ranged from 19.6 to 31.4 GBq (0.53-0.85 Ci/µmol. Tumor uptake had reached its maximum (16.09 ± 1.18% ID/g, n = 4 by 5 min and remained nearly constant for the duration of the study. Kidney uptake continued to increase throughout the entire one hour time course. Pre-injection of exendin-4 caused a marked reduction in tissue uptake with the major exception of liver and kidneys, in which uptake was not affected. HPLC analysis of the radioactive components in extracts of the tumor and plasma showed primarily parent compound at 60 min post-injection, whereas extracts of kidney and urine contained exclusively one polar radioactive component.Conclusion: The radiotracer is prepared in

Synthesis and evaluation of [[sup 18]F]fluoroprogestins and [[sup 18]F]fluorometoprolol

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Groot, T J

1993-05-01

The author investigated if specific radioactively labelled compounds could be applied to gain insight into particular psychic diseases, f.e. Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia, by means of Positron Emission Tomography (PET). No appropriate compounds were found. In this thesis the syntheses of fluorine-18 labelled progestins and [beta][sub 1]-adrenergic ligands are described. Three approaches towards [[sup 18]F]fluorination are investigated. The first method concerns direct S[sub N]2-substitution, the second approach is the opening of an epoxide, and the third approach is [[sup 18]F]fluoroalkylation. The positron emitting radionuclide fluorine-18 was used because of its relatively long decay time and the possibility to produce it in high yields and with high specific activity. The target systems which were applied for the production of fluorine-18 are described in chapter two. Important chemical and physical aspects of [[sup 18]F]fluoride are reviewed in the same chapter. In chapter three the synthesis of 21-[[sup 18]F]fluorinated progestins is discussed. The synthesis of four 21-[[sup 18]F]fluoroprogesterone derivatives is described and the results of an in vivo evaluation of two of these ligands are discussed. Possible routes leading to 6[alpha]-[[sup 18]F]fluoroprogestins are presented in chapter four. The radiochemical approaches towards the synthesis of these ligands are discussed. In chapter five the proposed routes to the fluorine-18 labelled [beta][sub 1]-adrenergic ligands are described and evaluated in the synthesis of two model compounds. 1-[[sup 18]F]fluorometoprolol, the [[sup 18]F]fluorinated analogue of a potent beta-blocker, is prepared using one of the investigated methods. The biological effect of fluorine substitution of a [beta][sub 1]-adrenergic ligand is discussed on the basis of an in vitro and in vivo evaluation. 21 figs., 28 schemes, 19 tabs., 182 refs.

Novel radiosynthesis of PET HSV-tk gene reporter probes [18F]FHPG and [18F]FHBG employing dual Sep-Pak SPE techniques.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Ji-Quan; Zheng, Qi-Huang; Fei, Xiangshu; Mock, Bruce H; Hutchins, Gary D

2003-11-17

Positron emission tomography (PET) herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene reporter probes 9-[(3-[(18)F]fluoro-1-hydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine ([(18)F]FHPG) and 9-(4-[(18)F]fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine ([(18)F]FHBG) were prepared by nucleophilic substitution of the appropriate tosylated precursors with [(18)F]KF/Kryptofix 2.2.2 followed by a quick deprotection reaction and purification with a simplified dual Silica Sep-Pak solid-phase extraction (SPE) method in 15-30% radiochemical yield.

Clinical value of assays of multiple serum tumor markers in conjunction with 18F-FDG SPECT for discriminating malignant from benign lung disorders

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Chunyan; Wang Linglong; Tu Liping; Yu Yuefang; Zhu Weijie; Cai Ao; Gao Shuxing

2006-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of assays of multiple tumor markers in conjunction with 18 F-FDG SPECT for discriminating malignant from benign lung disorders. Methods: A total of 62 patients with malignant and benign lung diseases un- derwent 18 F-FDG SPECT examination and tests for serum tumor markers CEA, CA50, CA199 and CA242, alone or combined. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of these tests were examined. Results: The sensitivity, specificity accuracy of 18 F-FDG SPECT for the diagnosis of malignant lung tumors were 85.7 (30/35), 59.3 (16/27) and 74.2(46/62) respectively, those of each of serum CEA, CA199, CA50, CA242 levels in diagnosing malignant lung tumors were 22.9(8/35), 92.6(25/27), 59.7(33/62), 14.3(5/35), 100(27/27), 51.6 (32/62), 34.3 (12/35), 85.2 (23/27), 56.5 (35/62), 28.6 (10/35), 85.2 (23/27) and 53.2 (33/62) respectively, those of assays of multiple serum tumor markers for diagnosis of malignant lung tumors were 85.7 (30/35), 85.2 (23/27) and 85.5 (53/62) respectively, those of assays of multiple tumor markers in conjunction with 18 F-FDG SPECT for discriminating malignant from benign lung nodules were 88.6(31/35), 85.2(23/27) and 87.1 (54/62) respectively. Conclusion: Assays of multiple serum tumor markers in conjunction with 18 F-FDG SPECT for discriminating malignant from benign lung disorders can yield higher sensitivity, specialty and accuracy, making a significant contribution to clinical application. (authors)

Radiosynthesis of the adenosine A3 receptor ligand 5-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl) 2,4-diethyl-3-(ethylsulfanylcarbonyl)-6-phenylpyridine-5-carboxylate ([18F]FE rate at SUPPY)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wadsak, W.; Mien, L.K.; Shanab, K.; Spreitzer, H.; Weber, K.; Schmidt, B.; Haeusler, D.; Sindelar, K.M.; Ettlinger, D.E.; Dudczak, R.; Kletter, K.; Keppler, B.K.; Viernstein, H.; Mitterhauser, M.

2008-01-01

Since to date very limited information on the distribution and function of the adenosine A 3 receptor is available, the development of a suitable radioligand is needed. Such a selective radioligand can then be used for quantitative autoradiography, preclinical studies in animals and subsequent human PET applications. Recently, a promising candidate compound, 5-(2-fluoroethyl) 2,4-diethyl-3-(ethylsulfanylcarbonyl)-6-phenylpyridine-5-carboxylate (FE rate at SUPPY), has been presented. The successful preparation of a suitable labelling precursor and the evaluation and optimization of the radiosynthesis of [ 18 F]FE rate at SUPPY is presented herewith. For satisfactory yields, a reaction temperature of 75 C has to be applied for at least 20 min using 8-10 mg of precursor. Until now, 15 complete high-scale radiosyntheses were performed. Starting from an average of 51 ± 12 GBq (average ±SD; range: 30-67 GBq) [ 18 F]fluoride, 9.4 ± 3.6 GBq of formulated [ 18 F]FE rate at SUPPY (32.3 ± 12.4%, based on [ 18 F]fluoride, corrected for decay) were prepared in < 105 min. (orig.)

TU-AB-BRA-05: Repeatability of [F-18]-NaF PET Imaging Biomarkers for Bone Lesions: A Multicenter Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin, C; Bradshaw, T; Perk, T; Harmon, S; Jeraj, R; Liu, G

2015-01-01

Purpose: Quantifying the repeatability of imaging biomarkers is critical for assessing therapeutic response. While therapeutic efficacy has been traditionally quantified by SUV metrics, imaging texture features have shown potential for use as quantitative biomarkers. In this study we evaluated the repeatability of quantitative "1"8F-NaF PET-derived SUV metrics and texture features in bone lesions from patients in a multicenter study. Methods: Twenty-nine metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer patients received whole-body test-retest NaF PET/CT scans from one of three harmonized imaging centers. Bone lesions of volume greater than 1.5 cm"3 were identified and automatically segmented using a SUV>15 threshold. From each lesion, 55 NaF PET-derived texture features (including first-order, co-occurrence, grey-level run-length, neighbor gray-level, and neighbor gray-tone difference matrix) were extracted. The test-retest repeatability of each SUV metric and texture feature was assessed with Bland-Altman analysis. Results: A total of 315 bone lesions were evaluated. Of the traditional SUV metrics, the repeatability coefficient (RC) was 12.6 SUV for SUVmax, 2.5 SUV for SUVmean, and 4.3 cm"3 for volume. Their respective intralesion coefficients of variation (COVs) were 12%, 17%, and 6%. Of the texture features, COV was lowest for entropy (0.03%) and highest for kurtosis (105%). Lesion intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was lowest for maximum correlation coefficient (ICC=0.848), and highest for entropy (ICC=0.985). Across imaging centers, repeatability of texture features and SUV varied. For example, across imaging centers, COV for SUVmax ranged between 11–23%. Conclusion: Many NaF PET-derived SUV metrics and texture features for bone lesions demonstrated high repeatability, such as SUVmax, entropy, and volume. Several imaging texture features demonstrated poor repeatability, such as SUVtotal and SUVstd. These results can be used to establish response criteria

The ratio (fBs/fB)/(fDs/fD) and its implications for B-bar B mixing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grinstein, B.

1993-01-01

We observe that quantities like (f Bs /f B )/(f Ds /f D ) are predicted to be unity both by heavy quark and by light quark flavor symmetries. Hence, the deviation from the symmetry prediction must be simultaneously small in both symmetry breaking parameters, i.e., order of the ratio of light to heavy quark masses. We estimate the size of the correction. We observe that the ratio of (ΔM/Γ) for B s- bar Bs to B-bar B mixing can be expressed in terms of the measurable ratio f Ds /f D with good precision. We comment on applications of these ideas to other processes

Bridging the gap between quantum Monte Carlo and F12-methods

Science.gov (United States)

Chinnamsetty, Sambasiva Rao; Luo, Hongjun; Hackbusch, Wolfgang; Flad, Heinz-Jürgen; Uschmajew, André

2012-06-01

Tensor product approximation of pair-correlation functions opens a new route from quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) to explicitly correlated F12 methods. Thereby one benefits from stochastic optimization techniques used in QMC to get optimal pair-correlation functions which typically recover more than 85% of the total correlation energy. Our approach incorporates, in particular, core and core-valence correlation which are poorly described by homogeneous and isotropic ansatz functions usually applied in F12 calculations. We demonstrate the performance of the tensor product approximation by applications to atoms and small molecules. It turns out that the canonical tensor format is especially suitable for the efficient computation of two- and three-electron integrals required by explicitly correlated methods. The algorithm uses a decomposition of three-electron integrals, originally introduced by Boys and Handy and further elaborated by Ten-no in his 3d numerical quadrature scheme, which enables efficient computations in the tensor format. Furthermore, our method includes the adaptive wavelet approximation of tensor components where convergence rates are given in the framework of best N-term approximation theory.

Molecular CsF 5 and CsF 2 +

KAUST Repository

Rogachev, Andrey Yu.; Miao, Mao-sheng; Merino, Gabriel; Hoffmann, Roald

2015-01-01

D5h star-like CsF5, formally isoelectronic with known XeF5− ion, is computed to be a local minimum on the potential energy surface of CsF5, surrounded by reasonably large activation energies for its exothermic decomposition to CsF+2 F2, or to CsF3 (three isomeric forms)+F2, or for rearrangement to a significantly more stable isomer, a classical Cs+ complex of F5−. Similarly the CsF2+ ion is computed to be metastable in two isomeric forms. In the more symmetrical structures of these molecules there is definite involvement in bonding of the formally core 5p levels of Cs.

Molecular CsF 5 and CsF 2 +

KAUST Repository

Rogachev, Andrey Yu.

2015-06-03

D5h star-like CsF5, formally isoelectronic with known XeF5− ion, is computed to be a local minimum on the potential energy surface of CsF5, surrounded by reasonably large activation energies for its exothermic decomposition to CsF+2 F2, or to CsF3 (three isomeric forms)+F2, or for rearrangement to a significantly more stable isomer, a classical Cs+ complex of F5−. Similarly the CsF2+ ion is computed to be metastable in two isomeric forms. In the more symmetrical structures of these molecules there is definite involvement in bonding of the formally core 5p levels of Cs.

Geometric distortion of F255W for WFPC2 Cycle 12

Science.gov (United States)

Kozhurina-Platais, Vera

2003-07-01

The goal of astrometric calibration of the HST WFPC2 is to obtain a coordinate system free of distortion down to the precision level of 1 mas. That precision is necessary for future astrometric work {e.g., on proper motions} involving a combination of the archival WFPC2 and recent ACS images. So far such a calibration has only been obtained for the wide bandpass F555W filter {Anderson and King, 2003}. Recently V. Kozhurina-Platais {ISR, 2003-002} has expanded the analysis of the geometric distortion of WFPC2 as a function of wavelength for two other broadband filters, {F814W and F300W}, and has also established the plate scale and skew parameters {non-perpendicularity of X and Y axes} for these filters. This study points to the importance of astrometric calibration at wavelengths shorter than 400 nanometers. This proposal seeks observations in the FUV filter F255W of the Inner Calibration Field in the globular cluster omega Cen. It is expected that the amount of distortion in the F255W filter with respect to the F555W filter will be higher by 5% but this must be established from observations. A total of four astrometric calibrations in F255W {proposed here}, and F300W, F555, F814W {already completed} will allow us to interpolate such a calibration for any other filter from FUV to near infrared.

Fluorinated benzamide neuroleptics--III. Development of (S)-N-[(1-allyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5-(3-[{sup 18}F]fluoropropyl)-2,3- dimethoxybenzamide as an improved dopamine D-2 receptor tracer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mukherjee, Jogeshwar; Zhiying, Yang; Das, Malay K; Brown, Terry

1995-04-01

We have prepared five new analogs (n-propyl, iso-propyl, allyl, n-butyl, and iso-butyl) of the dopamine D-2 receptor antagonist, FPMB which result from modifications of the ethyl group at the pyrrolidine nitrogen in FPMB. As expected, all new derivatives showed higher apparent lipophilicity (log k{sub w}), with iso-butyl being the most lipophilic (log k{sub w} = 2.52), followed by the allyl derivative (log k{sub w} = 2.43). The allyl group showed the largest increase in affinity (from 0.26 nM for the ethyl substituent to 0.03 nM for the allyl substituent, almost 10-fold), followed by the n-propyl substituent which showed approximately five-fold better affinity than did the ethyl substituent. Radiosynthesis of S-N-[(1-allyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5-(3-[{sup 18}F]fluoropropyl)-2,3-dimethoxybenzamide ([{sup 18}F]fallypride) was carried out by nucleophilic substitution reaction of (S)-N-[(1-allyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5-(3-tosyloxypropyl)-2,3- dimethoxybenzamide with no carrier added {sup 18}F{sup -}. [{sup 18}F]Fallypride was obtained in approximately 20-40% yields (EOS/EOB, decay corrected) in specific activities of 900-1700 Ci/mmol after reverse phase HPLC purification in 60 min from EOB. High striatal uptake (upto 2.5% injected dose/g) of [{sup 18}F]fallypride in rats was observed with striatal/cerebellar ratios of 17, 42, 63 and 122 at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min post-injection, respectively. PET experiments with [{sup 18}F]fallypride in a cebus monkey showed a brain uptake of 0.10% injected dose/cc. In rhesus monkeys [{sup 18}F]fallypride showed rapid specific uptake in the striata (0.04-0.06% injected dose/cc) with striata/cerebellum ratios of approx. 3.0 at 14 min, 5.0 at 35 min and 8 at 70 min post-injection. Specifically bound [{sup 18}F]fallypride was displaced with haloperidol (1 mg/kg) with a half-life of 18 min in the rhesus monkey.

The novel superacid systems HSO3F-Nb(SO3F)5 and HSO3F-Ta(SO3F)5

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cicha, W.V.; Aubke, F.

1989-01-01

The in situ oxidation of niobium and tantalum in HSO 3 F by bis(fluorosulfuryl) peroxide, S 2 O 6 F 2 , results in the formation of solvated Lewis acids M(SO 3 F) 5 , M = Nb or Ta. Both solutes behave as moderately strong, monoprotonic acids, based on electrical conductivity measurements over the concentration range 0-0.05 m and on conductometric titrations against KSO 3 F. These measurements suggest a general order of acidity, Au(SO 3 F) 3 > Ta(SO 3 F) 5 ≥ SbF 5 > Nb(SO 3 F) 5 > NbF 5 , all giving rise to monoprotonic acids. Supporting evidence comes from 1 H, 19 F, and 93 Nb NMR spectroscopy and the successful isolation and characterization of complexes of the type Cs n [M(SO 3 F) 5+n ], with M = Nb or Ta and n = 1 or 2, from these solutions

Preliminary report on electron energy-loss measurements for CCl3, CCl2F2, CCl3F

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bushnell, D.L. Jr.; Huebner, R.H.; Celotta, R.J.; Mielczarek, S.R.

1975-01-01

Currently, nation-wide research efforts are devoted to studying the possible ozone (O 3 ) depletion in the stratosphere by the chemical action of chlorine atoms released from CCl 2 F 2 or CCl 3 F upon absorption of ultraviolet radiation. Since electron-impact data taken in the forward scattering direction can be used to derive oscillator strengths and thus to yield apparent photoabsorption cross sections, such an analysis for CCl 2 F 2 , CCLl 3 F, and CClF 3 was carried out. Oscillator-strength distributions were obtained between 5 and 20 eV and are compared to available photoabsorption data. Certain photoabsorption values agree very well with these electron-impact data, but other optical studies deviate in some spectral regions by as much as a factor of 5. Also, the electron energy-loss spectrum reveals electronic transitions previously undetected by photoabsorption

Microfluidic preparation of [{sup 18}F]FE-SUPPY and [{sup 18}F]FE-SUPPY:2 - comparison with conventional radiosyntheses

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ungersboeck, Johanna [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Philippe, Cecile [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Mien, Leonhard-Key [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Haeusler, Daniela [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Shanab, Karem [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Department of Drug and Natural Product Synthesis, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Lanzenberger, Rupert [Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Spreitzer, Helmut [Department of Drug and Natural Product Synthesis, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Keppler, Bernhard K. [Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Dudczak, Robert; Kletter, Kurt [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Mitterhauser, Markus [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Hospital Pharmacy, General Hospital of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Wadsak, Wolfgang, E-mail: wolfgang.wadsak@meduniwien.ac.a [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria); Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna (Austria)

2011-04-15

Introduction: Recently, first applications of microfluidic principles for radiosyntheses of positron emission tomography compounds were presented, but direct comparisons with conventional methods were still missing. Therefore, our aims were (1) the set-up of a microfluidic procedure for the preparation of the recently developed adenosine A{sub 3}-receptor tracers [{sup 18}F]FE-SUPPY [5-(2-[{sup 18}F]fluoroethyl)2,4-diethyl-3-(ethylsulfanylcarbonyl) -6-phenylpyridine-5-carboxylate] and [{sup 18}F]FE-SUPPY:2 [5-ethyl-2,4-diethyl-3-((2-[{sup 18}F]fluoroethyl)sulfanylcarbonyl) -6-phenylpyridine-5-carboxylate] and (2) the direct comparison of reaction conditions and radiochemical yields of the no-carrier-added nucleophilic substitution with [{sup 18}F]fluoride between microfluidic and conventional methods. Methods: For the determination of optimal reaction conditions within an Advion NanoTek synthesizer, 5-50 {mu}l of precursor and dried [{sup 18}F]fluoride solution were simultaneously pushed through the temperature-controlled reactor (26{sup o}C-180{sup o}C) with defined reactant bolus flow rates (10-50 {mu}l/min). Radiochemical incorporation yields (RCIYs) and overall radiochemical yields for large-scale preparations were compared with data from conventional batch-mode syntheses. Results: Optimal reaction parameters for the microfluidic set-up were determined as follows: 170{sup o}C, 30-{mu}l/min pump rate per reactant (reaction overall flow rate of 60 {mu}l/min) and 5-mg/ml precursor concentration in the reaction mixture. Applying these optimized conditions, we observed a significant increase in RCIY from 88.2% to 94.1% (P<.0001, n{>=}11) for [{sup 18}F]FE-SUPPY and that from 42.5% to 95.5% (P<.0001, n{>=}5) for [{sup 18}F]FE-SUPPY:2 using microfluidic instead of conventional heating. Precursor consumption was decreased from 7.5 and 10 mg to 1 mg per large-scale synthesis for both title compounds, respectively. Conclusion: The direct comparison of radiosyntheses data

New Azalomycin F Analogs from Mangrove Streptomyces sp. 211726 with Activity against Microbes and Cancer Cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Haipeng Lin

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Seven new azalomycin F analogs (1–7 were isolated from the broth of mangrove Streptomyces sp. 211726, and respectively identified as 25-malonyl demalonylazalomycin F5a monoester (1, 23-valine demalonylazalomycin F5a ester (2, 23-(6-methylheptanoic acid demalonylazalomycins F3a ester (3, F4a ester (4 and F5a ester (5, 23-(9-methyldecanoic acid demalonylazalomycin F4a ester (6 and 23-(10-methylundecanoic acid demalony lazalomycin F4a ester (7. Their structures were established by their spectroscopic data and by comparing with those of azalomycins F3a, F4a and F5a. Biological assays exhibited that 1–7 showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial and anti HCT-116 activities.

Fatigue evaluation of the API specification 12F shop welded flat bottom tanks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rondon, A.; Guzey, S.

2017-01-01

Shop-built storage tanks are widely used in several industries all over the world. These equipment are fabricated with relatively small dimensions and capacities to facilitate their transportation to production fields. Particularly, API 12F shop-welded, flat bottom tanks are a group of standard equipment with specific sizes and capacities that are commonly used in the upstream, exploration, and production segments of oil and gas projects. The extensive utilization of this equipment has raised the need to investigate their behavior under different load cases and determine their service life due to cyclic loading. Throughout this investigation, a fatigue evaluation was performed following the guidelines of the ASME BPVC Section VIII, Division 2, design-by-analysis rules. The thirteen API 12F tanks were separated in three different groups according to their diameters. Also, different thicknesses as well as pressure cycles including internal pressure and vacuum were considered for the evaluation of each group. An elastic stress analysis using finite elements was conducted on shell models, axisymmetric models and solid submodels to determine the stress components and stress tensor range as well as obtain the effective alternating equivalent stress. Moreover, the fatigue penalty factor and a fatigue strength reduction factor were defined in accordance with the ASME code specifications. Hence, the protection against failure from cyclic loading of these equipment was determined using smooth bar design fatigue curves and the permissible number of operational cycles and location of the most critical joint were computed for each API 12F tank. - Highlights: • Stress analysis was performed following the ASME design-by-analysis. • Storage tanks axisymmetric and solid finite element models were developed. • Smooth bar design fatigue curve was obtained to perform the fatigue evaluation. • Clean out juncture is critical for the fatigue life of API 12F tanks. • Smaller

Toward a W4-F12 approach: Can explicitly correlated and orbital-based ab initio CCSD(T) limits be reconciled?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sylvetsky, Nitai, E-mail: gershom@weizmann.ac.il; Martin, Jan M. L., E-mail: gershom@weizmann.ac.il [Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot (Israel); Peterson, Kirk A., E-mail: kipeters@wsu.edu [Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630 (United States); Karton, Amir, E-mail: amir.karton@uwa.edu.au [School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 (Australia)

2016-06-07

In the context of high-accuracy computational thermochemistry, the valence coupled cluster with all singles and doubles (CCSD) correlation component of molecular atomization energies presents the most severe basis set convergence problem, followed by the (T) component. In the present paper, we make a detailed comparison, for an expanded version of the W4-11 thermochemistry benchmark, between, on the one hand, orbital-based CCSD/AV{5,6}Z + d and CCSD/ACV{5,6}Z extrapolation, and on the other hand CCSD-F12b calculations with cc-pVQZ-F12 and cc-pV5Z-F12 basis sets. This latter basis set, now available for H–He, B–Ne, and Al–Ar, is shown to be very close to the basis set limit. Apparent differences (which can reach 0.35 kcal/mol for systems like CCl{sub 4}) between orbital-based and CCSD-F12b basis set limits disappear if basis sets with additional radial flexibility, such as ACV{5,6}Z, are used for the orbital calculation. Counterpoise calculations reveal that, while total atomization energies with V5Z-F12 basis sets are nearly free of BSSE, orbital calculations have significant BSSE even with AV(6 + d)Z basis sets, leading to non-negligible differences between raw and counterpoise-corrected extrapolated limits. This latter problem is greatly reduced by switching to ACV{5,6}Z core-valence basis sets, or simply adding an additional zeta to just the valence orbitals. Previous reports that all-electron approaches like HEAT (high-accuracy extrapolated ab-initio thermochemistry) lead to different CCSD(T) limits than “valence limit + CV correction” approaches like Feller-Peterson-Dixon and Weizmann-4 (W4) theory can be rationalized in terms of the greater radial flexibility of core-valence basis sets. For (T) corrections, conventional CCSD(T)/AV{Q,5}Z + d calculations are found to be superior to scaled or extrapolated CCSD(T)-F12b calculations of similar cost. For a W4-F12 protocol, we recommend obtaining the Hartree-Fock and valence CCSD components from CCSD-F12b

A simplified one-pot synthesis of 9-[(3-[{sup 18}F]Fluoro-1-hydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine([{sup 18}F]FHPG) and 9-(4-[{sup 18}F]Fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine ([{sup 18}F]FHBG) for gene therapy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shiue, Grace G.; Shiue, Chyng-Yann E-mail: Shiue@rad.upenn.edu; Lee, Roland L.; MacDonald, Douglas; Hustinx, Roland; Eck, Stephen L.; Alavi, Abass A

2001-10-01

9-[(3-[{sup 18}F]Fluoro-1-hydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine ([{sup 18}F]FHPG, 2) has been synthesized by nucleophilic substitution of N{sup 2}-(p-anisyldiphenylmethyl)-9-{l_brace}[1-(p-anisyldiphenylmethoxy)-3 -toluenesulfonyloxy-2-propoxy]methyl{r_brace}guanine (1) with potassium [{sup 18}F]fluoride/Kryptofix 2.2.2 followed by deprotection with 1 N HCl and purification with different methods in variable yields. When both the nucleophilic substitution and deprotection were carried out at 90 deg. C and the product was purified by HPLC (method A), the yield of compound 2 was 5-10% and the synthesis time was 90 min from EOB. However, if both the nucleophilic substitution and deprotection were carried out at 120 deg. C and the product was purified by HPLC, the yield of compound 2 decreased to 2%. When compound 2 was synthesized at 90 deg. C and purified by Silica Sep-Pak (method B), the yield increased to 10-15% and the synthesis time was 60 min from EOB. Similarly, 9-(4-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine ([{sup 18}F]FHBG, 4) was synthesized with method A and method B in 9% and 10-15% yield, respectively, in a synthesis time of 90 and 60 min, respectively, from EOB. Compound 2 was relatively unstable in acidic medium at 120 deg. C while compound 4 was stable under the same condition. Both compound 2 and compound 4 had low lipid/water partition coefficient (0.126{+-}0.022, n=5 and 0.165{+-}0.023, n=5, respectively). Although it contains non-radioactive ganciclovir ({approx}5-30 {mu}g) as a chemical by-product, compound 2 synthesized by method B has a similar uptake in 9L glioma cells as that synthesized by method A, and is a potential tracer for imaging herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene expression in tumors using PET. Similarly, compound 4 synthesized by method B contains {approx}10-25 {mu}g of penciclovir as a chemical by-product. Thus, the simplified one pot synthesis (method B) is a useful method for synthesizing both compound 2 and compound 4 in

18F fluorination using macrocyclic polyethers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klatte, B.; Knoechel, A.

The aim of this work is the nucleophilic substitution labelling with 18 F with high selectivity and yield for a short reaction time. Labelling with little or no carrier presumes that 18 F is obtained in anhydrons form. Starting with the production via the nuclear reaction 20 Ne(d,α) 18 F, the 18 F formed is to be continuously converted into an alkali polyether complex whose purpose is to increase the reactivity of the fluoride (compared to the non-complexed anion form), so that nucleophilic substitution reactions can be carried out faster and more carefully. A report is given on the working program and on first results to optimize the carrier-poor synthesis with polyethers as synthesis agent. (RB) [de

Role of 18F-F.D.G. PET/CT in management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sibille, L.; Guillemard, S.; Eberle-Pouzeratte, M.C.; Espitalier-Riviere, C.; Faurous, P.; Artus, J.C.; Thezenas, S.; Lamy, P.J.; Rossi, M.

2010-01-01

18 F-F.D.G. PET/CT by combining both metabolic and anatomical information has proven to be an effective modality for detecting many types of cancer. Some differentiated forms of cancer like differentiated thyroid carcinoma (D.T.C.) are less F.D.G. avid and thus less easily detectable. Nevertheless 18 F-F.D.G. PET/CT has been proved useful in D.T.C. especially in case of suspected recurrent disease with negative whole-body radioiodine scintigraphy ( 131 I W.B.S.) and elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) or thyroglobulin autoantibodies (AbTg) levels. Impact on clinical management after 18 F-F.D.G. PET/CT examinations has been analyzed in patients with suspected recurrent D.T.C. in this retrospective study. Methodology. Fifty-five 18 F-F.D.G. PET/CT were performed in 45 patients with suspected recurrent or residual disease either because of elevated Tg/AbTg levels (n 45) or uncertain conventional imaging (n = 10) including 131 I W.B.S., cervical echography and CT scan if necessary. 18 F-F.D.G. PET/CT results were compared with histopathology and/or clinical follow-up with evaluation of impact on clinical management. Results. Twenty-nine exams were positive (53 %). There were 20 true-positive (T.P.) (14 locoregional relapses and six with distant metastases) and nine false-positive (F.P.) (all cervical). SUV max median values of hyper-metabolic foci were significantly higher in T.P. (5.1) than in F.P. (2.8). Overall, 20 (36 %) 18 F-F.D.G. PET/CT directly affected clinical management resulting in 13 (65 %) new surgical operations. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive positive value, predictive negative value and accuracy of 18 F-F.D.G. PET/CT were estimated for the whole group (respectively 83 %, 71 %, 69 %, 85 % and 76 %) and for two subgroups depending on Tg level (less or more than 1.2 ng/ml). Discussion and conclusion. 18 F-F.D.G. PET/CT is a powerful and useful tool in patients with suspected D.T.C. recurrence or residual disease and should be systematically performed when

Study of VUV emission and γ-ray responses of Nd:BaF2 scintillaotor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yanagida, Takayuki; Kawaguchi, Noriaki; Yokota, Yuui; Ishidu, Sumito; Fukuda, Kentaro; Yoshikawa, Akira; Pejchal, Jan; Nikl, Martin; Babin, Vladimir; Sekiya, Hiroyuki; Kamada, Kei

2010-01-01

Nd 3+ 1%, 5% and 10% doped BaF 2 single crystals were grown by the micro-pulling down method. Photoluminescence properties, including excitation and emission spectra and luminescence decay were measured under synchrotron radiation excitation at the Superlumi station in HASYLAB at DESY (Hamburg, Germany). The Nd 3+ related 5d-4f emission lines peaking around 180 nm, 230 nm, and 260 nm, identified as the 5d- 4 I j , 5d- 4 F j , and 5d- 2 G j transitions, were observed under 140-168 nm excitation. In photoluminescence decay under the 160 nm excitation, the dominant component decay time is about 12, 2.5 and 1.2 ns for Nd 3+ 1%, 5% and 10% concentration, respectively. The decay time shortening is explained by the concentration quenching effect. Transmittance of Nd1% sample is about 80% for wavelengths above 185 nm. Finally, gamma-ray responses, non-proportionality and energy resolution of Nd1% sample were compared with the undoped BaF 2 scintillator. The light yield of the Nd1%:BaF 2 is about 93% of that of undoped BaF 2 .

F K-edge soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sugimura, Tetsuro; Kawai, Jun; Maeda, Kuniko; Fukushima, Akiko; Shin, S.; Motoyama, Muneyuki; Nakajima Tsuyoshi

2001-01-01

We measured F X-ray absorption spectra of various fluorine compounds using a synchrotron radiation at KEK-PF. The absorption spectra were measured using X-ray fluorescence yield (XFY) and total electron yield (TEY) methods. Change of the spectral shape has a relation to the metal-fluorine bond distance. By comparing with the experimental spectrum and calculated spectrum, F 2p state density is divined into up and down states. (author)

Synthesis of [18F]-5-fluorouridine (F-18-5-FUR) as a probe for measuring RNA synthesis and tumor growth rates in vivo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shiue, C.Y.; Fowler, J.S.; MacGregor, R.R.; Wolf, A.P.

1979-01-01

A method for the rapid synthesis of high specific activity of [ 18 F]-5-fluorouridine is described. The 20 Ne(d,α) 18 F nuclear reaction is used to produce high specific activity, anhydrous [ 18 F]-F 2 at the Brookhaven National Laboratory 60'' cyclotron. Fluorination of 2',3',5'-tri-0-acetyluridine with [ 18 F]-F 2 in glacial acetic acid at room temperature followed by hydrolysis with sodium methoxide in methanol gives [ 18 F]-5-fluorouridine with a radiochemical yield of 5 to 7% in a synthesis time of 90 minutes from EOB. The compound is required for the study of RNA synthesis and tumor growth rates in vivo

Generalized non-Local Resistance Expression and its Application in F/N/F Spintronic Structure with Graphene Channel

Science.gov (United States)

Wei, Huazhou; Fu, Shiwei

We report our work on the spin transport properties in the F/N/F(ferromagnets/normal metal/ferromagnets) spintronic structure from a new theoretical perspective. A significant problem in the field is to explain the inferior measured order of magnitude for spin lifetime. Based on the known non-local resistance formula and the mechanism analysis of spin-flipping within the interfaces between F and N, we analytically derive a broadly applicable new non-local resistance expression and a generalized Hanle curve formula. After employing them in the F/N/F structure under different limits, especially in the case of graphene channel, we find that the fitting from experimental data would yield a longer spin lifetime, which approaches its theoretical predicted value in graphene. The authors acknowledge the financial support by China University of Petroleum-Beijing and the Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas in this institution.

F-door spaces and F-submaximal spaces

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lobna Dridi

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Submaximal spaces and door spaces play an enigmatic role in topology. In this paper, reinforcing this role, we are concerned with reaching two main goals: The first one is to characterize topological spaces X such that F(X is a submaximal space (resp., door space for some covariant functor Ff rom the category Top to itself. T0, and FH functors are completely studied. Secondly, our interest is directed towards the characterization of maps f given by a flow (X, f in the category Set, such that (X,P(f is submaximal (resp., door where P(f is a topology on X whose closed sets are exactly the f-invariant sets.

{sup 5}He ternary fission yields of {sup 252}Cf and {sup 235}U(n,f)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hwang, J. K. [Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235 (United States); Ramayya, A. V. [Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235 (United States); Hamilton, J. H. [Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235 (United States); Beyer, C. J. [Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235 (United States); Kormicki, J. [Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235 (United States); Zhang, X. Q. [Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235 (United States); Rodin, A. [Flerov Laboratory for Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia (Russian Federation); Formichev, A. [Flerov Laboratory for Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia (Russian Federation); Kliman, J. [Flerov Laboratory for Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia (Russian Federation); Krupa, L. [Flerov Laboratory for Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia (Russian Federation)] (and others)

2000-04-01

The relative {sup 4}He and {sup 5}He ternary fission yields were determined from a careful analysis of the energy distribution of {alpha} spectra from a new measurement with a {sup 252}Cf source and from published data on {sup 252}Cf and {sup 235}U(n,f). The kinetic energies of the {sup 5}He and {sup 4}He ternary particles were found to be approximately 11 and 16 MeV, respectively. {sup 5}He particles contribute 10-20 % to the total alpha yield with the remainder originating from {sup 4}He accompanied fission. (c) 2000 The American Physical Society.

An expanded calibration study of the explicitly correlated CCSD(T)-F12b method using large basis set standard CCSD(T) atomization energies.

Science.gov (United States)

Feller, David; Peterson, Kirk A

2013-08-28

The effectiveness of the recently developed, explicitly correlated coupled cluster method CCSD(T)-F12b is examined in terms of its ability to reproduce atomization energies derived from complete basis set extrapolations of standard CCSD(T). Most of the standard method findings were obtained with aug-cc-pV7Z or aug-cc-pV8Z basis sets. For a few homonuclear diatomic molecules it was possible to push the basis set to the aug-cc-pV9Z level. F12b calculations were performed with the cc-pVnZ-F12 (n = D, T, Q) basis set sequence and were also extrapolated to the basis set limit using a Schwenke-style, parameterized formula. A systematic bias was observed in the F12b method with the (VTZ-F12/VQZ-F12) basis set combination. This bias resulted in the underestimation of reference values associated with small molecules (valence correlation energies 0.5 E(h)) and an even larger overestimation of atomization energies for bigger systems. Consequently, caution should be exercised in the use of F12b for high accuracy studies. Root mean square and mean absolute deviation error metrics for this basis set combination were comparable to complete basis set values obtained with standard CCSD(T) and the aug-cc-pVDZ through aug-cc-pVQZ basis set sequence. However, the mean signed deviation was an order of magnitude larger. Problems partially due to basis set superposition error were identified with second row compounds which resulted in a weak performance for the smaller VDZ-F12/VTZ-F12 combination of basis sets.

fJ(2220) and hadronic anti Bs0 decays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hsiao, Y.K.; Geng, C.Q.

2015-01-01

We study the hadronic anti B s 0 decays based on the existence of the resonant state f J (2220). In particular,we are able to explain the unexpected large experimental result of B(anti B s 0 → J/ψp anti p) = (3.0 -1.1 +1.2 ± 0.52 ± 0.03) x 10 -6 measured recently by the LHCb collaboration due to the resonant contribution in anti B s 0 → J/ψf J (2220) with f J (2220) → p anti p, while it is estimated to be at most of order 10 -9 in terms of the OZI rule without the resonance. In addition, we find that B(anti B s 0 → D *0 (f J →)p anti p) = (4.70 ± 2.89) x 10 -7 , B(anti B s 0 → J/ψ(f J →)ππ) = (15.6 ± 15.2) x 10 -6 , and B(anti B s 0 → D *0 (f J →)ππ) = (24.5 ± 24.4) x 10 -7 , while B(anti B s 0 → J/ψ(f J →)K anti K) < 1.6 x 10 -5 and B(anti B s 0 → D *0 (f J →)K anti K) < 2.5 x 10 -6 . Moreover, we predict that the decay branching ratios of anti B s 0 → (J/ψ, D *0 )Λ anti Λ are (2.68 ± 1.23) x 10 -7 and (2.25 ± 0.80) x 10 -6 . Some of the predicted anti B s 0 decays are accessible to the experiments at the LHCb. (orig.)

Synthesis and complex study of the crystal hydrate Zn{sub 2}ZrF{sub 8}.12H{sub 2}O

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Voit, Elena; Didenko, Nina; Gayvoronskaya, Kseniya; Slobodyuk, Arseniy; Gerasimenko, Andrey [Institute of Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Prosp. 100-Letiya Vladivostoka, 690022 Vladivostok (Russian Federation)

2016-05-15

The synthesis and study of structure and properties of a crystal hydrate of the composition Zn{sub 2}ZrF{sub 8}.12H{sub 2}O were performed by XRD, DTA analysis as well as IR, Raman, and {sup 1}H, and {sup 19}F NMR, including {sup 19}F MAS NMR spectroscopy. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic syngony with the following unit cell parameters: a = 20.9649 (12), b = 9.6851 (6), c = 24.0209 (14) Aa, β = 103.742 (2) , space group C2/c, Z = 12. The structure is built from monomeric complex [ZrF{sub 8}]{sup 4-} and [Zn(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}]{sup 2+} linked through hydrogen bonds of different lengths (O-H..F and O-H..O). The peculiarity of the structure consists in the presence of short hydrogen bonds (interatomic O..F distances 2.5-2.6 Aa). Analysis of the IR and Raman spectra allowed interpretation of bands corresponding to vibrations of the [ZrF{sub 8}]{sup 4-} anion and to describe hydrogen bonds in the structure of Zn{sub 2}ZrF{sub 8}.12H{sub 2}O. Phase transformations in the process of thermal dehydration were studied on the basis of changes in vibrational and NMR spectra. It has been established that the interligand exchange in the complex anion takes place as early as at -103 C, whereas no reorientation of hexaaquacations was observed up to 47 C. At 58 C, the compound undergoes an incongruent melting accompanied with formation of much more stable ZnZrF{sub 6}.6H{sub 2}O and an aqueous salty liquid phase characterized with high mobility of fluorine atoms and protons, in accordance with the NMR spectroscopic data. (Copyright copyright 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Projectile fragmentation in reactions induced by 19F at low energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pop, A.; Cenja, M.; Duma, M.; Dumitrescu, R.; Isbasescu, A.; Magda, M.T.

1984-09-01

Light-particle emission was studied in 19 F + 12 C and 19 F + 27 Al reactions at 72 MeV. The spectral shape shows an important breakup component in the case of 2 H, 3 H and 3 He while in the case of 1 H and 4 He the statistical contribution is predominant. The emission of 6 He, 6 Li, 7 Li and 9 Be was also observed and explained by the projectile breakup mechanism within the Serber model. The experimental isotope yields are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions of the Friedman model. (authors)

John F. Simon, jr. / John F. jun. Simon ; interv. Tilman Baumgärtel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Simon, John F. jun.

2006-01-01

Ameerika kunstnikust-programmeerijast Jon F. Simon juuniorist (sünd. 1963), tema loomingust, vestlus kunstnikuga 19. 12. 1999. a. tema ateljees. J. F. Simon jun.-i teosed on tarkvara. Monitoril tekkinud kujutisi on kunstnik eksponeerinud nimetuse "Panels" all. Kunstniku joonistusprogrammist, arvutiprogrammist "Every Icon", mis asub Internetis, tööst "Combination", võrgutööst "Alter Stars" (1995-1998) ja muust

{sup 18}F-Fluoroglucosylation of peptides, exemplified on cyclo(RGDfK)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hultsch, Christina; Schottelius, Margret; Auernheimer, Joerg; Alke, Andrea; Wester, Hans-Juergen [Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Muenchen (Germany)

2009-09-15

Oxime formation between an aminooxy-functionalized peptide and an {sup 18}F-labelled aldehyde has recently been introduced as a powerful method for the rapid one-step chemoselective synthesis of radiofluorinated peptides. Here, the potential of using routinely produced and thus readily available [{sup 18}F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([{sup 18}F](FDG)) as the aldehydic prosthetic group was investigated using an aminooxyacetyl-conjugated cyclic RGD peptide (cyclo(RGDfK)(Aoa-Boc)) as a model peptide. The use of [{sup 18}F]FDG from routine production ([{sup 18}F]FDGTUM) containing an excess of d-glucose did not allow the radiosynthesis of [{sup 18}F]FDG-RGD in activities >37 MBq in reasonable yield, rendering the direct use of clinical grade [{sup 18}F]FDG for the routine clinical synthesis of {sup 18}F-labelled peptides impossible. Using no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) [{sup 18}F]FDG obtained via HPLC separation of [{sup 18}F]FDGTUM from excess glucose, however, afforded [{sup 18}F]FDG-RGD in yields of 56-93% (decay corrected) and activities up to 37 MBq. Suitable reaction conditions were 20 min at 120 C and pH 2.5, and a peptide concentration of 5 mM. In a preliminary in vivo biodistribution study in M21 melanoma-bearing nude mice, [{sup 18}F]FDG-RGD showed increased tumour accumulation compared to the ''gold standard'' [{sup 18}F]galacto-RGD (2.18 vs 1.49 %iD/g, respectively, at 120 min after injection), but also slightly increased uptake in non-target organs, leading to comparable tumour/organ ratios for both compounds.??These data demonstrate that chemoselective {sup 18}F-labelling of aminooxy-functionalized peptides using n.c.a. [{sup 18}F]FDG represents a radiofluorination/glycosylation strategy that allows preparation of {sup 18}F-labelled peptides in high yield with suitable pharmacokinetics. As soon as the necessary n.c.a. preparation of [{sup 18}F]FDG prior to reaction with the Aoa-peptide can be implemented in a fully automated [{sup 18}F]FDG-synthesis, [{sup 18}F

Synthesis and evaluation of {sup 18}F-labeled benzylguanidine analogs for targeting the human norepinephrine transporter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, Hanwen; Huang, Ruimin; Pillarsetty, NagaVaraKishore; Thorek, Daniel L.J. [Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Department of Radiology, New York, NY (United States); Vaidyanathan, Ganesan [Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Durham, NC (United States); Serganova, Inna [Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Department of Neurology, New York, NY (United States); Blasberg, Ronald G. [Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Department of Radiology, New York, NY (United States); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Department of Neurology, New York, NY (United States); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, New York, NY (United States); Lewis, Jason S. [Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Department of Radiology, New York, NY (United States); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, New York, NY (United States); Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, SKI, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service, Department of Radiology, New York, NY (United States)

2014-02-15

Both {sup 131}I- and {sup 123}I-labeled meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) have been widely used in the clinic for targeted imaging of the norepinephrine transporter (NET). The human NET (hNET) gene has been imaged successfully with {sup 124}I-MIBG positron emission tomography (PET) at time points of >24 h post-injection (p.i.). {sup 18}F-labeled MIBG analogs may be ideal to image hNET expression at time points of <8 h p.i. We developed improved methods for the synthesis of known MIBG analogs, [{sup 18}F]MFBG and [{sup 18}F]PFBG and evaluated them in hNET reporter gene-transduced C6 rat glioma cells and xenografts. [{sup 18}F]MFBG and [{sup 18}F]PFBG were synthesized manually using a three-step synthetic scheme. Wild-type and hNET reporter gene-transduced C6 rat glioma cells and xenografts were used to comparatively evaluate the {sup 18}F-labeled analogs with [{sup 123}I]/[{sup 124}I]MIBG. The fluorination efficacy on benzonitrile was predominantly determined by the position of the trimethylammonium group. The para-isomer afforded higher yields (75 ± 7 %) than meta-isomer (21 ± 5 %). The reaction of [{sup 18}F]fluorobenzylamine with 1H-pyrazole-1-carboximidamide was more efficient than with 2-methyl-2-thiopseudourea. The overall radiochemical yields (decay-corrected) were 11 ± 2 % (n = 12) for [{sup 18}F]MFBG and 41 ± 12 % (n = 5) for [{sup 18}F]PFBG, respectively. The specific uptakes of [{sup 18}F]MFBG and [{sup 18}F]PFBG were similar in C6-hNET cells, but 4-fold less than that of [{sup 123}I]/[{sup 124}I]MIBG. However, in vivo [{sup 18}F]MFBG accumulation in C6-hNET tumors was 1.6-fold higher than that of [{sup 18}F]PFBG at 1 h p.i., whereas their uptakes were similar at 4 h. Despite [{sup 18}F]MFBG having a 2.8-fold lower affinity to hNET and approximately 4-fold lower cell uptake in vitro compared to [{sup 123}I]/[{sup 124}I]MIBG, PET imaging demonstrated that [{sup 18}F]MFBG was able to visualize C6-hNET xenografts better than [{sup 124}I

18F in hot atom chemistry and equilibrium chemical kinetics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Root, J.W.; Tomiyoshi, Katsumi; Knickelbein, M.B.

1993-01-01

Superexcited molecules are unusual species that at present can only be investigated using nuclear recoil methods. The thermochemical technique for measuring the excitation energy distributions of superexcited molecules is reviewed and applied to recent studies of CF 3 18 F and C 2 F 5 18 F formed from high energy atomic exchange reactions in CF 4 and C 2 F 6 . The nascent CF 3 18 F and C 2 F 5 18 F range in energy from 1.7 to about 45 eV. The average energies of these products range from 15 to 20 eV. The internal excitation that accompanies these reactions is initially localized near the 18 F bonding site, and the C 2 F 5 18 F decomposition mechanism is non-statistical. Moderated nuclear recoil experiments yield mechanisms and rates for the reactions of thermal 18 F atoms. Under our standard experimental conditions from 3.4 x 10 4 to 3.4 x 10 8 labeled product molecules are available for radioassay. This procedure is free from systematic error and the measurements yield exceptional precision and sensitivity because (1) high energy reactions with the thermally active reagents are suppressed. (2) the host environment is rigorously controlled, and (3) the molecular products from many single atom reactions are directly counted. The limitations of this technique are described and results are presented for the reactions of thermal 18 F atoms with CH 4 and C 2 H 4 . (J.P.N.)

[JAK2 V617F and exon 12 genetic variations in Korean patients with BCR/ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms].

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Jeong Tae; Cho, Yong Gon; Choi, Sam Im; Lee, Young Jin; Kim, Hye Ran; Jang, Sook Jin; Moon, Dae Soo; Park, Young Jin; Park, Geon

2010-12-01

JAK2 genetic variations have been described in a high proportion of patients with BCR/ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). This study was designed to analyze the frequencies of JAK2 V617F and exon 12 variations, and their correlations with clinical characteristics of Korean patients with BCR/ABL1-negative MPN. We examined a total of 154 patients with BCR/ABL1-negative MPN that included 24, 26, 89, and 15 patients with polycythemia vera (PV), primary myelofibrosis (PMF), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and unclassified myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNU), respectively. We performed allele-specific PCR to detect V617F in all BCR/ABL1-negative patients, and performed direct sequencing to detect exon 12 variations in 47 V617F-negative MPN patients. JAK2 c.1641+179_183del5 variation was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism assay in 176 healthy subjects. JAK2 V617F was detected in 91 patients (59.1%): PV (91.6%), PMF (46.2%), ET (52.8%), and MPNU (66.7%). In V617F-negative MPN patients, no mutations were found in exon 12. The c.1641+179_183del5 was detected in 68.1% of V617F-negative MPN patients and 45.4% of healthy subjects (P=0.008). JAK2 V617F was closely correlated with age and leukocytosis in BCR/ABL1-negative MPN patients (P<0.05). However, c.1641+179_183del5 was not related to age, sex, or complete blood cell count parameters in V617F-negative MPN patients and healthy subjects. The c.1641+179_183del5 was associated with an increased odds ratio for MPN (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidences interval, 1.3-5.1; P=0.007). Frequencies of V617F are similar to reported results. JAK2 exon 12 mutations may be rare and c.1641+179_183del5 may influence the occurrence of MPN in Korean patients with V6 17F-negative MPN.

Small volume target for F-18 production

Science.gov (United States)

Pellicioli, M.; Schuler, J.; Marchand, P.; Brasse, D.

2017-05-01

In order to reduce the volume of O-18 enriched water used for each F-18 production for research a small volume target of 1 ml has been designed at IPHC. The designed is derived from ACSI 3.8ml F-18 target and uses both water and Helium cooling. After one year of use production yield is reported.

Fully automated synthesis of [(18) F]fluoro-dihydrotestosterone ([(18) F]FDHT) using the FlexLab module.

Science.gov (United States)

Ackermann, Uwe; Lewis, Jason S; Young, Kenneth; Morris, Michael J; Weickhardt, Andrew; Davis, Ian D; Scott, Andrew M

2016-08-01

Imaging of androgen receptor expression in prostate cancer using F-18 FDHT is becoming increasingly popular. With the radiolabelling precursor now commercially available, developing a fully automated synthesis of [(18) F] FDHT is important. We have fully automated the synthesis of F-18 FDHT using the iPhase FlexLab module using only commercially available components. Total synthesis time was 90 min, radiochemical yields were 25-33% (n = 11). Radiochemical purity of the final formulation was > 99% and specific activity was > 18.5 GBq/µmol for all batches. This method can be up-scaled as desired, thus making it possible to study multiple patients in a day. Furthermore, our procedure uses 4 mg of precursor only and is therefore cost-effective. The synthesis has now been validated at Austin Health and is currently used for [(18) F]FDHT studies in patients. We believe that this method can easily adapted by other modules to further widen the availability of [(18) F]FDHT. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Nellis AFB, Las Vegas, Nevada, Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Part A-F

Science.gov (United States)

1975-03-07

Td Tnp WET BULB TEMPERATURE DEPRESSION (F) j TOTAL TOTAL ((F) 1 0 1 1.2 3.-4 5 * 6 7.-8 9 10 111- 12 13. 14 IS. 16 17.18119-20121-22 23-24 252 7 2...18 ___Li -ifnt I 0 -6__ -7t I I Element (X) Z 1l’ Z l No. Oh.. Moon No. of Oours will, romporotuoe O ReI.NHum. 226 3 )52 711 l53 . l 325 "OF s.32P

JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L and JAK2 Exon 12 Mutations in Chinese Patients with Primary Myelofibrosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Xia, Jun; Lu, Mi-Ze; Jiang, Yuan-Qiang; Yang, Guo-Hua; Zhuang, Yun; Sun, Hong-Li; Shen, Yun-Feng

2012-03-01

JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L and JAK2 exon 12 mutations are novel acquired mutations that induce constitutive cytokine-independent activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). The discovery of these mutations provides novel mechanism for activation of signal transduction in hematopoietic malignancies. This research was to investigate their prevalence in Chinese patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF). We introduced allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) combined with sequence analysis to simultaneously screen JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L and JAK2 exon 12 mutations in 30 patients with PMF. Fifteen PMF patients (50.0%) carried JAK2 V617F mutation, and only two JAK2 V617F-negative patients (6.7%) harbored MPL W515L mutation. None had JAK2 exon 12 mutations. Furthermore, these three mutations were not detected in 50 healthy controls. MPL W515L and JAK2 V617F mutations existed in PMF patients but JAK2 exon 12 mutations not. JAK2 V617F and MPL W515L and mutations might contribute to the primary molecular pathogenesis in patients with PMF.

The synthesis of no-carrier-added and carrier-added 18F-labelled haloperidol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farrokhzad, S.; Diksic, M.

1985-01-01

Fluorine-18 labelled haloperidol ( 18 F-HP) was synthesized by a fluorine-fluorine exchange reaction on haloperidol, fluorine-chlorine exchange on a chloro-analog of haloperidol, and from 18 F-labelled p-fluorobenzonitrile prepared by two different exchange reactions. Nucleophilic fluorine was used in the form of tetra n-butylammonium fluoride. The overall radiochemical yield, expressed at the end of syntheses was 5% for exchange in haloperidol and about 2%-3% for exchange in chloroanalog in a 40 min synthesis (from the end of the irradiation). Specific activities up to 1 Ci/mmol for haloperidol and up to 5000 Ci/mmol for chloro-analog as substrates were obtained. The syntheses using p-substituted chloro-and nitro-benzonitriles as starting materials for the exchange reaction gave a product with an average specific activity of about 2000 Ci/mmol and in general an overall radiochemical yield of 5%-10%. Purification of [ 18 F]haloperidol was done by HPLC on a C-18 column. The radiochemical purity as assessed by thin layer radiochromatography (TLRC) of the final product was at least 95%, with high chemical purity. (author)

18F-fluorination by crown ether-metal fluoride

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Irie, T.; Fukushi, K.; Ido, T.; Kasida, Y.; Nozaki, T.

1982-01-01

18 F-Fluorination by ''naked'' 18 F - anion produced by complexing anhydrous K 18 F, which was prepared from aqueous 18 F, with 18 -Crown-6 was described for preparing 18 F-21-fluoroprogesterone. In order to find out optimum conditions in this labelling method, various factors were investigated such as the solubility of KF in organic solvents containing 18 -Crown-6 and its reactivity for the nucleophilic displacement of 21-mesylate of progesterone. Chloroform was a good solvent in solubilization of KF and its reactivity. Problems in this labelling procedure were also examined, such as a supporter for transferring the labelled anhydrous K 18 F and reaction vessels. Use of a Teflon reaction vessel resulted in a good radiochemical yield based on the starting activity of $ 18 water. (author)

Glass formation in RbF-BeF2-ErF3 system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reshetnikova, L.P.; Topshinoev, A.P.; Zakharova, B.S.; Sipachev, V.A.

1987-01-01

IR spectroscopic method (200-2000 cm -1 ) is used to study the glass structure in RbF-BeF 2 -ErF 3 system. It is shown that with increase of erbium fluoride content in fluoroberyllate glasses the absorption bands characteristic of (BeF 3 ) n n- groupings, appear in spectra. DTA and X-ray diffraction analysis of the glass annealing products are used to study the glass crystallization process. It is stated that erbium fluoride introduction into the glass results in increase of crystallization stability. The glass structure model is suggested

4-[18F]Fluorophenylpiperazines by Improved Hartwig-Buchwald N-Arylation of 4-[18F]fluoroiodobenzene, Formed via Hypervalent λ3-Iodane Precursors: Application to Build-Up of the Dopamine D4 Ligand [18F]FAUC 316

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabian Kügler

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Substituted phenylpiperazines are often neuropharmacologically active compounds and in many cases are essential pharmacophores of neuroligands for different receptors such as D2-like dopaminergic, serotoninergic and other receptors. Nucleophilic, no-carrier-added (n.c.a. 18F-labelling of these ligands in an aromatic position is desirable for studying receptors with in vivo molecular imaging. 1-(4-[18F]Fluorophenylpiperazine was synthesized in two reaction steps starting by 18F-labelling of a iodobenzene-iodonium precursor, followed by Pd-catalyzed N-arylation of the intermediate 4-[18F]fluoro-iodobenzene. Different palladium catalysts and solvents were tested with particular attention to the polar solvents dimethylformamide (DMF and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO. Weak inorganic bases like potassium phosphate or cesium carbonate seem to be essential for the arylation step and lead to conversation rates above 70% in DMF which is comparable to those in typically used toluene. In DMSO even quantitative conversation was observed. Overall radiochemical yields of up to 40% and 60% in DMF and DMSO, respectively, were reached depending on the labelling yield of the first step. The fluorophenylpiperazine obtained was coupled in a third reaction step with 2-formyl-1H-indole-5-carbonitrile to yield the highly selective dopamine D4 ligand [18F]FAUC 316.

Radiosynthesis of the adenosine A{sub 3} receptor ligand 5-(2-[{sup 18}F]fluoroethyl) 2,4-diethyl-3-(ethylsulfanylcarbonyl)-6-phenylpyridine-5-carboxylate ([{sup 18}F]FE rate at SUPPY)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wadsak, W. [Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Dept. of Inorganic Chemistry, Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Mien, L.K. [Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Dept. of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Shanab, K.; Spreitzer, H. [Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Weber, K.; Schmidt, B.; Haeusler, D. [Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Dept. of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Sindelar, K.M.; Ettlinger, D.E.; Dudczak, R.; Kletter, K. [Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Keppler, B.K.; Viernstein, H. [Dept. of Inorganic Chemistry, Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Mitterhauser, M. [Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Dept. of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Univ. of Vienna (Austria); Hospital Pharmacy of the General Hospital of Vienna (Austria)

2008-07-01

Since to date very limited information on the distribution and function of the adenosine A{sub 3} receptor is available, the development of a suitable radioligand is needed. Such a selective radioligand can then be used for quantitative autoradiography, preclinical studies in animals and subsequent human PET applications. Recently, a promising candidate compound, 5-(2-fluoroethyl) 2,4-diethyl-3-(ethylsulfanylcarbonyl)-6-phenylpyridine-5-carboxylate (FE rate at SUPPY), has been presented. The successful preparation of a suitable labelling precursor and the evaluation and optimization of the radiosynthesis of [{sup 18}F]FE rate at SUPPY is presented herewith. For satisfactory yields, a reaction temperature of 75 C has to be applied for at least 20 min using 8-10 mg of precursor. Until now, 15 complete high-scale radiosyntheses were performed. Starting from an average of 51 {+-} 12 GBq (average {+-}SD; range: 30-67 GBq) [{sup 18}F]fluoride, 9.4 {+-} 3.6 GBq of formulated [{sup 18}F]FE rate at SUPPY (32.3 {+-} 12.4%, based on [{sup 18}F]fluoride, corrected for decay) were prepared in < 105 min. (orig.)

Automated synthesis of an {sup 18}F-labelled pyridine-based alkylating agent for high yield oligonucleotide conjugation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guggenberg, Elisabeth von; Sader, Jayden A.; Wilson, John S.; Shahhosseini, Soraya; Koslowsky, Ingrid; Wuest, Frank [Edmonton PET Centre, Division of Oncologic Imaging, Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1Z2 (Canada); Mercer, John R. [Edmonton PET Centre, Division of Oncologic Imaging, Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1Z2 (Canada)], E-mail: johnmerc@cancerboard.ab.ca

2009-09-15

Alkylating agents have been shown to be very promising for the radiolabelling of oligonucleotides with fluorine-18. In this report we describe the fully automated synthesis of 2-bromo-N-[3-(2-[{sup 18}F]fluoropyridin-3-yloxy)propyl]acetamide ([{sup 18}F]FPyBrA) utilizing a modular synthesis unit. Reaction conditions for the coupling of this pyridine-based alkylating agent at the 5' end of a fully phosphorothioated random 20-mer DNA sequence were optimized to achieve very high radiochemical yields (>90%) and a maximum specific activity of 5-6 GBq/{mu}moL. The potential for rapid purification by solid phase extraction without need of chromatographic isolation of the radiolabelled oligonucleotide presents an overall benefit for the application of oligonucleotides in preclinical studies and potential clinical applications.

Sequential inhibitory control processes assessed through simultaneous EEG-fMRI.

Science.gov (United States)

Baumeister, Sarah; Hohmann, Sarah; Wolf, Isabella; Plichta, Michael M; Rechtsteiner, Stefanie; Zangl, Maria; Ruf, Matthias; Holz, Nathalie; Boecker, Regina; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas; Holtmann, Martin; Laucht, Manfred; Banaschewski, Tobias; Brandeis, Daniel

2014-07-01

Inhibitory response control has been extensively investigated in both electrophysiological (ERP) and hemodynamic (fMRI) studies. However, very few multimodal results address the coupling of these inhibition markers. In fMRI, response inhibition has been most consistently linked to activation of the anterior insula and inferior frontal cortex (IFC), often also the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). ERP work has established increased N2 and P3 amplitudes during NoGo compared to Go conditions in most studies. Previous simultaneous EEG-fMRI imaging reported association of the N2/P3 complex with activation of areas like the anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC) and anterior insula. In this study we investigated inhibitory control in 23 healthy young adults (mean age=24.7, n=17 for EEG during fMRI) using a combined Flanker/NoGo task during simultaneous EEG and fMRI recording. Separate fMRI and ERP analysis yielded higher activation in the anterior insula, IFG and ACC as well as increased N2 and P3 amplitudes during NoGo trials in accordance with the literature. Combined analysis modelling sequential N2 and P3 effects through joint parametric modulation revealed correlation of higher N2 amplitude with deactivation in parts of the default mode network (DMN) and the cingulate motor area (CMA) as well as correlation of higher central P3 amplitude with activation of the left anterior insula, IFG and posterior cingulate. The EEG-fMRI results resolve the localizations of these sequential activations. They suggest a general role for allocation of attentional resources and motor inhibition for N2 and link memory recollection and internal reflection to P3 amplitude, in addition to previously described response inhibition as reflected by the anterior insula. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The 4s- and 4p- XPS spectra of Xe, XeF2 and XeF4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ohno, Masahide

2003-01-01

The 4s- and 4p- XPS spectra of Xe gas, XeF 2 molecule and XeF 4 molecule are calculated by an ab-initio atomic many-body theory. The 4s-peak and the prominent '4p'-peak are predicted well by the present theory. In XeF 2 and XeF 4 the spectral lines observed below the 4d-double ionization threshold are the 4d -2 4f multiplet states strongly perturbed by the interaction with the initial 4p 1/2 -hole state. They are very similar to the spectral lines which emerge with an increase in atomic number (e.g. Ba)

Adducts of UF5 with SbF5 and structure of UF5 . 2SbF5

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sawodny, W.; Rediess, K.

1980-01-01

Both α-UF 5 and β-UF 5 form only a 1:2 compound UF 5 . 2SbF 5 reacting directly with SbF 5 , from which UF 5 . SbF 5 can be obtained by thermal decomposition. UF 5 . 2SbF 5 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2 1 /c with the following lattice constants a = 8.110(4), b = 14.129(6), c = 10.032(6) A and β = 96.97(5) 0 ; Z = 4. An X-ray study shows centrosymmetric four-membered rings of alternating UF 8 and SbF 6 polyhedra connected by other SbF 6 entities. This structure is similar to that of UOF 5 . 2SbF 5 , but the distorted pentagonal-bipyramidal coordination of the U atom found there is increased to a dodecahedral coordination by an additional U-F-Sb bridge, though with a somewaht larger UF distance. (author)

Synthesis and evaluation of 7α-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl) estradiol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okamoto, Mayumi; Naka, Kyosuke; Kitagawa, Yuya; Ishiwata, Kiichi; Yoshimoto, Mitsuyoshi; Shimizu, Isao; Toyohara, Jun

2015-01-01

Introduction: Several lines of evidence suggest that C-7α-substituted estradiol derivatives are well tolerated by estrogen receptor (ER). In line with this hypothesis, we are interested in the design and synthesis of C-7α-substituted estrogens as molecular probes to visualize ER function. Methods: We have synthesized 7α-(3-[ 18 F]fluoropropyl) estradiol (C3-7α-[ 18 F]FES) as a potential radiopharmaceutical for ER imaging by positron emission tomography (PET). In vitro receptor binding and in vivo biodistribution and blocking studies in mature female mice, and in vivo metabolite analysis were carried out. Furthermore, in vivo ER-selective uptake was confirmed using ER-positive T-47D and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice. We also compared the in vivo biodistribution of C3-7α-[ 18 F]FES with 16α-[ 18 F]FES. Results: C3-7α-[ 18 F]FES was produced in moderate yields (30.7% ± 15.1%, decay corrected) with specific activity of 32.0 ± 18.1 GBq/μmol (EOS). The in vitro binding affinity of C3-7α-FES to the ERα isoform was sufficient and equivalent to that of estradiol. C3-7α-[ 18 F]FES showed selective uptake in ER-rich tissues, such as the uterus (4.7%ID/g ± 1.2%ID/g at 15 minutes) and ovary (4.0%ID/g ± 1.0%ID/g at 5 minutes). The tissue time activity curves of these organs showed reversible kinetics, indicating suitability for quantitative analysis. The highest contrast was obtained at 120 minutes after injection of C3-7α-[ 18 F]FES in the uterus (uterus/blood = 18, uterus/muscle = 17.3) and ovary (ovary/blood = 6.3, ovary/muscle = 6.0). However, the level of selective uptake of C3-7α-[ 18 F]FES was significantly lower than that of 16α-[ 18 F]FES. Most radioactivity in the uterus was detected in unchanged form, although peripherally C3-7α-[ 18 F]FES was rapidly degraded to hydrophilic metabolites. In accordance with this peripheral metabolism, gradual increases in bone radioactivity were observed, indicating defluorination. Coinjection with

Novel and easy access to highly luminescent Eu and Tb doped ultra-small CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2 nanoparticles - structure and luminescence.

Science.gov (United States)

Ritter, Benjamin; Haida, Philipp; Fink, Friedrich; Krahl, Thoralf; Gawlitza, Kornelia; Rurack, Knut; Scholz, Gudrun; Kemnitz, Erhard

2017-02-28

A universal fast and easy access at room temperature to transparent sols of nanoscopic Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ doped CaF 2 , SrF 2 and BaF 2 particles via the fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis route is presented. Monodisperse quasi-spherical nanoparticles with sizes of 3-20 nm are obtained with up to 40% rare earth doping showing red or green luminescence. In the beginning luminescence quenching effects are only observed for the highest content, which demonstrates the unique and outstanding properties of these materials. From CaF 2 :Eu10 via SrF 2 :Eu10 to BaF 2 :Eu10 a steady increase of the luminescence intensity and lifetime occurs by a factor of ≈2; the photoluminescence quantum yield increases by 29 to 35% due to the lower phonon energy of the matrix. The fast formation process of the particles within fractions of seconds is clearly visualized by exploiting appropriate luminescence processes during the synthesis. Multiply doped particles are also available by this method. Fine tuning of the luminescence properties is achieved by variation of the Ca-to-Sr ratio. Co-doping with Ce 3+ and Tb 3+ results in a huge increase (>50 times) of the green luminescence intensity due to energy transfer Ce 3+ → Tb 3+ . In this case, the luminescence intensity is higher for CaF 2 than for SrF 2 , due to a lower spatial distance of the rare earth ions.

The MMP inhibitor (R)-2-(N-benzyl-4-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)phenylsulphonamido) -N-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamide: Improved precursor synthesis and fully automated radiosynthesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wagner, Stefan; Faust, Andreas; Breyholz, Hans-Joerg; Schober, Otmar; Schaefers, Michael; Kopka, Klaus

2011-01-01

Summary: The CGS 25966 derivative (R)-2-(N-Benzyl-4-(2-[ 18 F]fluoroethoxy)phenyl-sulphonamido) -N-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamide [ 18 F]9 represents a very potent radiolabelled matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. For first human PET studies it is mandatory to have a fully automated radiosynthesis and a straightforward precursor synthesis available. The realisation of both requirements is reported herein. In particular, the corresponding precursor 8 was obtained in a reliable 7 step synthesis with an overall chemical yield of 2.3%. Furthermore, the target compound [ 18 F]9 was prepared with a radiochemical yield of 14.8±3.9% (not corrected for decay).

Technical note: subclavian artery misplacement of a 12F Shaldon catheter: percutaneous repair with a local closure device under temporary balloon tamponade; Technische Mitteilung: Entfernung eines fehlplatzierten 12F Shaldon Katheters aus der A. subclavia und Abdichtung mittels Verschlusssystem bei temporaerer Ballonblockade

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wildberger, J.E.; Katoh, M.; Guenther, R.W. [Klinik fuer Radiologische Diagnostik, RWTH Aachen (Germany); Fussen, R. [Anaesthesiologische Klinik, Medizinisches Zentrum Kreis Aachen GmbH (Germany)

2006-06-15

A case of subsequent percutaneous repair using a local closure device with a collagen block (VasoSeal {sup registered}) and temporary balloon tamponade after inadvertent subclavian artery misplacement of a 12F Shaldon catheter is reported. Balloon occlusion safely prevented displacement of collagen into the vascular lumen by occluding the 12F entry site. Furthermore, collagen-induced coagulation was facilitated. (orig.)

Radiosynthesis of [18F]FEt-Tyr-urea-Glu ([18F]FEtTUG) as a new PSMA ligand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Momani, E.; Malik, N.; Machulla, H.J.; Reske, S.N.; Solbach, C.

2013-01-01

An efficient radiosynthesis of [ 18 F]FEt-Tyr-urea-Glu ([ 18 F]FEtTUG) as a new ligand for prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) was developed by use of [ 18 F]fluoroethyltosylate as labeling precursor. The corresponding fluoroethyl-tyrosine-urea-glutamate peptide was prepared as reference standard for HPLC control and identified and characterized by standard procedures (MS, NMR). The labeling conditions were optimized with respect to reaction time, reaction temperature, base and solvent. The maximal radiochemical yield of [ 18 F]FEtTUG (77 ± 0.8 %) was obtained within a reaction time of 15 min at a reaction temperature of 80 deg C using 10 M NaOH (18 equiv. related to precursor) in 80 % aqueous acetonitrile. The total preparation time including radiosynthesis, hydrolysis, HPLC purification and formulation was 70 min (EOB). The radiochemical purity was ≥98 %. (author)

Strauss, R.: Symphony in F minor, Op. 12... Tokyo Metropolitan Symphony Orchestra / David Nice

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Nice, David

1994-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Strauss, R.: Symphony in F minor, Op. 12... Tokyo Metropolitan Symphony Orchestra / Hiroshi Wakasugi. Denon CD CO-75 860 (54 minutes); Symphony - comparative version: SNO, Järvi" (8/93)(CHAN) CHAN 9166

Radiation dosimetry of [(18)F]VAT in nonhuman primates.

Science.gov (United States)

Karimi, Morvarid; Tu, Zhude; Yue, Xuyi; Zhang, Xiang; Jin, Hongjun; Perlmutter, Joel S; Laforest, Richard

2015-12-01

The objective of this study is to determine the radiation dosimetry of a novel radiotracer for vesicular acetylcholine transporter (-)-(1-((2R,3R)-8-(2-[(18)F]fluoro-ethoxy)-3-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)(4-fluorophenyl)-methanone ([(18)F]VAT) based on PET imaging in nonhuman primates. [(18)F]VAT has potential for investigation of neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and dystonia. Three macaque fascicularis (two males, one female) received 185.4-198.3 MBq [(18)F]VAT prior to whole-body imaging in a MicroPET-F220 scanner. Time activity curves (TACs) were created from regions of interest (ROIs) that encompassed the entire small organs or samples with the highest activity within large organs. Organ residence times were calculated based on the TACs. We then used OLINDA/EXM 1.1 to calculate human radiation dose estimates based on scaled organ residence times. Measurements from directly sampled arterial blood yielded a residence time of 0.30 h in agreement with the residence time of 0.39 h calculated from a PET-generated time activity curve measured in the left ventricle. Organ dosimetry revealed the liver as the critical organ (51.1 and 65.4 μGy/MBq) and an effective dose of 16 and 19 μSv/MBq for male and female, respectively. The macaque biodistribution data showed high retention of [(18)F]VAT in the liver consistent with hepatobiliary clearance. These dosimetry data support that relatively safe doses of [(18)F]VAT can be administered to obtain imaging in humans.

Evaluation of saline, RPMI and DMEM/F12 for storage of split-thickness skin grafts.

Science.gov (United States)

Boekema, B K H L; Boekestijn, B; Breederveld, R S

2015-06-01

Skin grafting is standard of care for severe burn and trauma patients. Graft sites are often accompanied with more pain than the burn sites. To minimize graft site areas, excess skin remaining after harvesting, is stored in saline at 4°C to be used for transplantation up to 1 week later. However, the optimal storage solution and maximum storage time are not known. We set out to determine the storage time after which stored skin is still viable. In addition, different storage solutions were tested. Split-thickness skin from 15 donors with a thickness of 0.3 mm was stored in normal saline, in medium, RPMI or DMEM/F12, allowing pairwise comparison. Biopsies were taken up to 3 weeks for histology and for skin viability assessment using an MTT based activity assay. Activity of the saline stored control decreased to 62% at day 7 and to 27% at day 14. Activity was retained at a higher level in RPMI and was 78% at day 7 and 70% at day 14. Results with DMEM/F12 showed a similar trend as the saline control. Based on activity, RPMI was found to be superior to DMEM/F12 (on days 3 and 10) and both saline and DMEM/F12 (on days 14 and 21). Capability to proliferate (BrdU incorporation) did not differ between media, up to 7 days. Histologically, the number of apoptotic cells increased in time but differences between media were not noted. Based on these results, RPMI would be an improvement over saline in retaining viability of skin grafts during storage, and possibly in improved take rate. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.

Combined use of (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FMISO in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer patients planned for radiotherapy: a dynamic PET/CT study.

Science.gov (United States)

Sachpekidis, Christos; Thieke, Christian; Askoxylakis, Vasileios; Nicolay, Nils H; Huber, Peter E; Thomas, Michael; Dimitrakopoulou, Georgia; Debus, Juergen; Haberkorn, Uwe; Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, Antonia

2015-01-01

Aim of this study was to evaluate and compare, by means of dynamic and static PET/CT, the distribution patterns and pharmacokinetics of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) and of fluorine-18-fluoromisonidazole ((18)F-FMISO) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients scheduled for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Thirteen patients suffering from inoperable stage III NSCLC underwent PET/CTs with (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FMISO for tumor metabolism and hypoxia assessment accordingly. Evaluation of PET/CT studies was based on visual analysis, semi-quantitative (SUV) calculations and absolute quantitative estimations, after application of a two-tissue compartment model and a non-compartmental approach. (18)F-FDG PET/CT revealed all thirteen primary lung tumors as sites of increased (18)F-FDG uptake. Six patients demonstrated also in total 43 (18)F-FDG avid metastases; these patients were excluded from radiotherapy. (18)F-MISO PET/CT demonstrated 12/13 primary lung tumors with faint tracer uptake. Only one tumor was clearly (18)F-FMISO avid, (SUVaverage = 3.4, SUVmax = 5.0). Mean values for (18)F-FDG, as derived from dPET/CT data, were SUVaverage = 8.9, SUVmax = 15.1, K1 = 0.23, k2 = 0.53, k3 = 0.17, k4 = 0.02, influx = 0.05 and fractal dimension (FD) = 1.25 for the primary tumors. The respective values for (18)F-FMISO were SUVaverage = 1.4, SUVmax = 2.2, K1 = 0.26, k2 = 0.56, k3 = 0.06, k4 = 0.06, influx = 0.02 and FD = 1.14. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the two tracers. (18)F-FDG PET/CT changed therapy management in six patients, by excluding them from planned IMRT. (18)F-FMISO PET/CT revealed absence of significant tracer uptake in the majority of the (18)F-FDG avid NSCLCs. Lack of correlation between the two tracers' kinetics indicates that they reflect different molecular mechanisms and implies the discordance between increased glycolysis and hypoxia in the malignancy.

Reactions UF{sub 4} - ClF, UF{sub 4} - ClF{sub 3}, UF{sub 5} - ClF, UF{sub 5} - ClF{sub 3}; Reactions UF{sub 4} - ClF, UF{sub 4} - ClF{sub 3}, UF{sub 5} - ClF, UF{sub 5} - ClF{sub 3}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Luce, M; Benoit, R; Hartmanshenn, O [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-07-01

The reaction between ClF{sub 3} and UF{sub 4} is partially explained by the study of the reactions of the three systems: UF{sub 4}-ClF, UF{sub 5}-ClF and UF{sub 5}-ClF{sub 3}. The analytical techniques used are: the micro-sublimation, the infra-red spectroscopy and the thermogravimetry. The origin of the by-products is indicated. (authors) [French] La reaction entre ClF{sub 3} et UF{sub 4} est partiellement expliquee grace a l'etude des reactions des trois systemes UF{sub 4}-ClF, UF{sub 5}-ClF et UF{sub 5}-ClF{sub 3}. Les techniques analytiques utilisees sont: la micro-sublimation, la spectroscopie infrarouge et la thermogravimetrie. L'origine des sous-produits est indiquee. (auteurs)

Elevated 18F-NaF uptake in cricoid cartilage in a patient with laryngeal carcinoma

Science.gov (United States)

Xia, Yuxiao; Qi, Chi; Zhang, Shumao; Huang, Zhanwen; Chen, Yue

2017-01-01

Abstract Rationale: Laryngeal cancer is aggressive tumor that arises from the tissues of the larynx. Although any bone can be affected, involvement of cricoid cartilage was reported very rarely, and there has been no report of 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-NaF PET-CT) and 3D PET-CT for the evaluation of cricoid cartilage invasion. Patient concerns: A 54-year-old male discovered a protruding mass in the right anterior neck, which had rapidly increased in size over a period of 2 months. Subsequently, hoarseness, dysphagia, and dyspnea were gradually developed. Diagnoses: 18F-FDG PET-CT demonstrated that the abnormal activity was located in a soft tissue mass, which was about 4.2 cm × 3.8 cm × 3.6 cm in largest dimension in the laryngeal cavity of supraglottic portion (SUVmax: 23.6). A swollen lymph node was revealed in the right submandibular region, which had intense FDG activity with a SUVmax of 18.4. However, there is a high uptake of 18F-FDG in the region near the bone, which is uncertain whether there is any skeletal invasion. NaF PET-CT and 3D PET-CT demonstrated increased uptake in the right side of cricoid cartilage (SUVmax: 13.2). The histopathologic examination confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of larynx. Interventions: The patient underwent tracheotomy and received anti-infective treatment to relieve symptoms of dyspnea and prevent asphyxia. Outcomes: Clinical follow up of the patient revealed that dyspnea was significantly relieved. Lessons: The case report shows the imaging features of cricoid cartilage invasion, including 18F-FDG PET/CT, 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-NaF PET-CT), and 3D PET-CT. Precise understanding of the invasion scope, accurately staging of laryngeal carcinoma, and choosing of the most suitable surgical scheme are the factors that lead to the optimal treatment of laryngeal neoplasms. PMID:29245332

Critical frequencies of the ionospheric F1 and F2 layers during the last four solar cycles: Sunspot group type dependencies

Science.gov (United States)

Yiǧit, Erdal; Kilcik, Ali; Elias, Ana Georgina; Dönmez, Burçin; Ozguc, Atila; Yurchshyn, Vasyl; Rozelot, Jean-Pierre

2018-06-01

The long term solar activity dependencies of ionospheric F1 and F2 regions' critical frequencies (f0F1 and f0F2) are analyzed for the last four solar cycles (1976-2015). We show that the ionospheric F1 and F2 regions have different solar activity dependencies in terms of the sunspot group (SG) numbers: F1 region critical frequency (f0F1) peaks at the same time with the small SG numbers, while the f0F2 reaches its maximum at the same time with the large SG numbers, especially during the solar cycle 23. The observed differences in the sensitivity of ionospheric critical frequencies to sunspot group (SG) numbers provide a new insight into the solar activity effects on the ionosphere and space weather. While the F1 layer is influenced by the slow solar wind, which is largely associated with small SGs, the ionospheric F2 layer is more sensitive to Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and fast solar winds, which are mainly produced by large SGs and coronal holes. The SG numbers maximize during of peak of the solar cycle and the number of coronal holes peaks during the sunspot declining phase. During solar minimum there are relatively less large SGs, hence reduced CME and flare activity. These results provide a new perspective for assessing how the different regions of the ionosphere respond to space weather effects.

Phage display-derived inhibitor of the essential cell wall biosynthesis enzyme MurF

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Blewett Ann

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background To develop antibacterial agents having novel modes of action against bacterial cell wall biosynthesis, we targeted the essential MurF enzyme of the antibiotic resistant pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. MurF catalyzes the formation of a peptide bond between D-Alanyl-D-Alanine (D-Ala-D-Ala and the cell wall precursor uridine 5'-diphosphoryl N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (UDP-MurNAc-Ala-Glu-meso-A2pm with the concomitant hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate, yielding UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptide. As MurF acts on a dipeptide, we exploited a phage display approach to identify peptide ligands having high binding affinities for the enzyme. Results Screening of a phage display 12-mer library using purified P. aeruginosa MurF yielded to the identification of the MurFp1 peptide. The MurF substrate UDP-MurNAc-Ala-Glumeso-A2pm was synthesized and used to develop a sensitive spectrophotometric assay to quantify MurF kinetics and inhibition. MurFp1 acted as a weak, time-dependent inhibitor of MurF activity but was a potent inhibitor when MurF was pre-incubated with UDP-MurNAc-Ala-Glu-meso-A2pm or ATP. In contrast, adding the substrate D-Ala-D-Ala during the pre-incubation nullified the inhibition. The IC50 value of MurFp1 was evaluated at 250 μM, and the Ki was established at 420 μM with respect to the mixed type of inhibition against D-Ala-D-Ala. Conclusion MurFp1 exerts its inhibitory action by interfering with the utilization of D-Ala-D-Ala by the MurF amide ligase enzyme. We propose that MurFp1 exploits UDP-MurNAc-Ala-Glu-meso-A2pm-induced structural changes for better interaction with the enzyme. We present the first peptide inhibitor of MurF, an enzyme that should be exploited as a target for antimicrobial drug development.

Evaluation of two new STR loci 9q2h2 and wg3f12 in a Japanese population.

Science.gov (United States)

Mizutani, M; Huang, X L; Tamaki, K; Yoshimoto, T; Uchihi, R; Yamamoto, T; Katsumata, Y; Armour, J A

1999-09-01

Two short tandem repeat (STR) loci (9q2h2 and wg3f12) have been evaluated in a Japanese population. Ten and seven different alleles were observed in 9q2h2 and wg3f12 respectively. 9q2h2 displayed simple polymorphism in tetrameric repeat structure; by contrast, wg3f12 contained variable numbers of tetrameric repeats and a 30-bp deletion/insertion polymorphism. No "interalleles" were found. The expected heterozygosities of 9q2h2 and wg3fl2 were 0.749 and 0.574, respectively. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was found.

Estimation of brain activation in response to major and minor scales by fMRI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fujimaki, Takuya; Nemoto, Iku

2011-01-01

We made fMRI measurements of the brain responses to major and minor scales which are the fundamental elements for making melodies in music. In addition, we used an arpeggio of diminished 7th. For a control stimulus, we provided a sequence of repeated single tones. The ascending scales of 12 major and 12 minor keys were made starting from F no.3 to F4. Each scale was 3 s in duration. A 3 s scan was performed 2-3 s (randomized) after a scale has been finished and repeated every 14 s (sparse time scanning). Typically, major scales activated the left inferior frontal gyrus, minor scales the posterior cingulate gyrus and the diminished arpeggio the left auditory cortex. In general, the left hemisphere was more activated than usually seen in responses to music. (author)

One-step radiosynthesis of {sup 18}F-AlF-NOTA-RGD{sub 2} for tumor angiogenesis PET imaging

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Shuanglong; Liu, Hongguang; Xu, Yingding; Cheng, Zhen [Stanford University, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Bio-X Program, Department of Radiology, Stanford, CA (United States); Jiang, Han [Stanford University, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Bio-X Program, Department of Radiology, Stanford, CA (United States); Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical PET Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang (China); Zhang, Hong [Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical PET Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang (China)

2011-09-15

One of the major obstacles of the clinical translation of {sup 18}F-labeled arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides has been the laborious multistep radiosynthesis. In order to facilitate the application of RGD-based positron emission tomography (PET) probes in the clinical setting we investigated in this study the feasibility of using the chelation reaction between Al{sup 18}F and a macrocyclic chelator-conjugated dimeric RGD peptide as a simple one-step {sup 18}F labeling strategy for development of a PET probe for tumor angiogenesis imaging. Dimeric cyclic peptide E[c(RGDyK)]{sub 2} (RGD{sub 2}) was first conjugated with a macrocyclic chelator, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA), and the resulting bioconjugate NOTA-RGD{sub 2} was then radiofluorinated via Al{sup 18}F intermediate to synthesize {sup 18}F-AlF-NOTA-RGD{sub 2}. Integrin binding affinities of the peptides were assessed by a U87MG cell-based receptor binding assay using {sup 125}I-echistatin as the radioligand. The tumor targeting efficacy and in vivo profile of {sup 18}F-AlF-NOTA-RGD{sub 2} were further evaluated in a subcutaneous U87MG glioblastoma xenograft model by microPET and biodistribution. NOTA-RGD{sub 2} was successfully {sup 18}F-fluorinated with good yield within 40 min using the Al{sup 18}F intermediate. The IC{sub 50} of {sup 19}F-AlF-NOTA-RGD{sub 2} was determined to be 46 {+-} 4.4 nM. Quantitative microPET studies demonstrated that {sup 18}F-AlF-NOTA-RGD{sub 2} showed high tumor uptake, fast clearance from the body, and good tumor to normal organ ratios. NOTA-RGD{sub 2} bioconjugate has been successfully prepared and labeled with Al{sup 18}F in one single step of radiosynthesis. The favorable in vivo performance and the short radiosynthetic route of {sup 18}F-AlF-NOTA-RGD{sub 2} warrant further optimization of the probe and the radiofluorination strategy to accelerate the clinical translation of {sup 18}F-labeled RGD peptides. (orig.)

Sulfonyl fluoride-based prosthetic compounds as potential 18F labelling agents.

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Inkster, James A H; Liu, Kate; Ait-Mohand, Samia; Schaffer, Paul; Guérin, Brigitte; Ruth, Thomas J; Storr, Tim

2012-08-27

Nucleophilic incorporation of [(18)F]F(-) under aqueous conditions holds several advantages in radiopharmaceutical development, especially with the advent of complex biological pharmacophores. Sulfonyl fluorides can be prepared in water at room temperature, yet they have not been assayed as a potential means to (18)F-labelled biomarkers for PET chemistry. We developed a general route to prepare bifunctional 4-formyl-, 3-formyl-, 4-maleimido- and 4-oxylalkynl-arylsulfonyl [(18)F]fluorides from their sulfonyl chloride analogues in 1:1 mixtures of acetonitrile, THF, or tBuOH and Cs[(18)F]F/Cs(2)CO(3(aq.)) in a reaction time of 15 min at room temperature. With the exception of 4-N-maleimide-benzenesulfonyl fluoride (3), pyridine could be used to simplify radiotracer purification by selectively degrading the precursor without significantly affecting observed yields. The addition of pyridine at the start of [(18)F]fluorination (1:1:0.8 tBuOH/Cs(2)CO(3(aq.))/pyridine) did not negatively affect yields of 3-formyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonyl [(18)F]fluoride (2) and dramatically improved the yields of 4-(prop-2-ynyloxy)benzenesulfonyl [(18)F]fluoride (4). The N-arylsulfonyl-4-dimethylaminopyridinium derivative of 4 (14) can be prepared and incorporates (18)F efficiently in solutions of 100 % aqueous Cs(2)CO(3) (10 mg mL(-1)). As proof-of-principle, [(18)F]2 was synthesised in a preparative fashion [88(±8) % decay corrected (n=6) from start-of-synthesis] and used to radioactively label an oxyamino-modified bombesin(6-14) analogue [35(±6) % decay corrected (n=4) from start-of-synthesis]. Total preparation time was 105-109 min from start-of-synthesis. Although the (18)F-peptide exhibited evidence of proteolytic defluorination and modification, our study is the first step in developing an aqueous, room temperature (18)F labelling strategy. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Diffusion and the dynamics of displacive phase transitions in cryolite (Na3AlF6) and chiolite (Na5Al3F14): Multi-nuclear NMR studies

Science.gov (United States)

Spearing, Dane R.; Stebbins, Jonathan F.; Farnan, Ian

1994-10-01

Cryolite is a mixed-cation perovskite (Na2(NaAl)F6) which undergoes a monoclinic to orthorhombic displacive phase transition at ˜550° C. Chiolite (Na5Al3F14) is associated with cryolite in natural deposits, and consists of sheets of corner sharing [AlF6] octahedra interlayered with edge-sharing [NaF6] octahedra. Multi-nuclear NMR line shape and relaxation time (T1) studies were performed on cryolite and chiolite in order to gain a better understanding of the atomic motions associated with the phase transition in cryolite, and Na diffusion in cryolite and chiolite. 27Al, 23Na, and 19F static NMR spectra and T1's in cryolite suggest that oscillatory motions of the [AlF6] octahedra among four micro-twin and anti-phase domains in α-cryolite begin at least 150° C below the transition temperature and persist above it. Variable temperature 23Na MAS NMR further indicates diffusional exchange at a rate of at least 13 kHz between the Na sites by the time the transition temperature is reached. 27Al and 23Na T1's show the same behavior with increasing temperature, indicating the same relaxation mechanisms are responsible for both. The first order nature of the cryolite transition is apparent as a jump in the 23Na and 27Al T1's. Above the transition temperature, the T1's decrease slightly indicating that the motions responsible for the drop in T1, are still present above the transition, further supporting the dynamic nature of the high temperature phase of cryolite. Chiolite 23Na static spectra decrease in linewidth with increasing temperature, indicating increased Na diffusion, which is interpreted as occurring within the [NaF6] sheets in the chiolite structure, but not between the two different Na sites. 27Al and 23Na T1's show similar behavior as in cryolite, but there is no discontinuity due to a phase transition. 19F T1's are constant from room temperature to 150° C indicating no oscillatory motion of the [AlF6] octahedra in chiolite.

18F-labelled N,N-dimethylamphetamine analogues for brain imaging studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mathis, C.A.; Shulgin, A.T.; Yano, Y.; Sargent, T. III

1986-01-01

The radiochemical yields of nine N,N-dimethyl-2-(substituted phenyl)-isopropylamines (amphetamine analogues) were determined following reaction with [ 18 F]acetyl hypofluorite in a 0.1 M HCl solution at room temperature. The meta-dimethoxy substituted amphetamines gave the highest radiofluorination yields (24-32%, at EOB). Purification of the 18 F-labelled amphetamines was achieved in 10-20 min. 5- 18 F-2,4-Dimethoxy-N,N-dimethylamphetamine (5- 18 F-2,4-DNNA) was utilized to determine brain and lung uptake in rats. Positron emission tomography studies were conducted in a dog to determine the dynamic brain uptake and retention of this agent. The 5- 18 F-2,4-DNNA exhibited decreased initial uptake and more rapid loss of radioactivity in cerebral tissue compared to the iodinated homologue. (author)

Statement of Basis/Proposed Plan for the F-Area Burning/Rubble Pits (231-F, 231-1F, and 231-2F)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palmer, E.

1996-08-01

The purpose of this source unit Statement of Basis/Proposed Plan is to describe the preferred alternative for addressing the F-Area Burning/Rubble Pits (231-F and 231-1F) and Rubble Pit (231-2F) (FBRP) source unit located at SRS, in southwestern Aiken County, South Carolina and to provide an opportunity for public input into the remedial action selection process

Microstructural evolution of HFIR-irradiated low activation F82H and F82H-10B steels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wakai, E.; Shiba, K.; Sawai, T.; Hashimoto, N.; Robertson, J.P.; Klueh, R.L.

1998-01-01

Microstructures of reduced-activation F82H (8Cr-2W-0.2V-0.04Ta) and the F82H steels doped with 10 B, irradiated at 250 and 300 C to 3 and 57 dpa in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR), were examined by TEM. In the F82H irradiated at 250 C to 3 dpa, dislocation loops, small unidentified defect clusters with a high number density, and a few MC precipitates were observed in the matrix. The defect microstructure after 300 C irradiation to 57 dpa is dominated by the loops, and the number density of loops was lower than that of the F82H- 10 B steel. Cavities were observed in the F82H- 10 B steels, but the swelling value is insignificant. Small particles of M 6 C formed on the M 23 C 6 carbides that were present in both steels before the irradiation at 300 C to 57 dpa. A low number density of MC precipitate particles formed in the matrix during irradiation at 300 C to 57 dpa

Positronium formation in CS2 and C6F6 mixtures with triethylamine or tetrahydrofuran

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhicheng Zhang; Ito, Yasuo; Tabata, Yoneho

1990-01-01

Positronium (Ps) yields were measured for CS 2 /THF, CS 2 /TEA, C 6 F 6 THF and C 6 F 6 /TEA mixtures. Addition of C 6 F 6 or CS 2 into TEA or THF showed a similar influence which induces a decrease of Ps yield. This is ascribed to the non-dissociative electron scavenging by both CS 2 and C 6 F 6 . On the other hand, the effect of addition of TEA and THF has been found to be different for C 6 F 6 and CS 2 , i.e. both TEA and THF did not change Ps yield in CS 2 substantially, while they caused a sharp decrease of Ps yield in C 6 F 6 . The latter sharp decreases was ascribed to quenching of excited state of C 6 F 6 . This interpretation is supported by pulse radiolysis emission measurements for the same system, in which it was found that TEA quenches the excited state of C 6 F 6 efficiently. (author)

Initial results of hypoxia imaging using 1-α-d-(5-deoxy-5-[18F]-fluoroarabinofuranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole (18F-FAZA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Postema, Ernst J.; McEwan, Alexander J.B.; Riauka, Terence A.; Kumar, Piyush; Richmond, Dacia A.; Abrams, Douglas N.; Wiebe, Leonard I.

2009-01-01

Tumour hypoxia is thought to play a significant role in the outcome of solid tumour therapy. Positron emission tomography (PET) is the best-validated noninvasive technique able to demonstrate the presence of hypoxia in vivo. The locally developed PET tracer for imaging hypoxia, 1-α-d-(5-deoxy-5-[ 18 F]-fluoroarabinofuranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole ( 18 F-FAZA), has been shown to accumulate in experimental models of tumour hypoxia and to clear rapidly from the circulation and nonhypoxic tissues. The safety and general biodistribution patterns of this radiopharmaceutical in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC), small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) or non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), malignant lymphoma, and high-grade gliomas, were demonstrated in this study. Patients with known primary or suspected metastatic HNSCC, SCLC or NSCLC, malignant lymphoma or high-grade gliomas were dosed with 5.2 MBq/kg of 18 F-FAZA, then scanned 2-3 h after injection using a PET or PET/CT scanner. Images were interpreted by three experienced nuclear medicine physicians. The location and relative uptake scores (graded 0 to 4) of normal and abnormal 18 F-FAZA biodistribution patterns, the calculated tumour-to-background (T/B) ratio, and the maximum standardized uptake value were recorded. Included in the study were 50 patients (32 men, 18 women). All seven patients with high-grade gliomas showed very high uptake of 18 F-FAZA in the primary tumour. In six out of nine patients with HNSCC, clear uptake of 18 F-FAZA was observed in the primary tumour and/or the lymph nodes in the neck. Of the 21 lymphoma patients (15 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 6 with Hodgkin's disease), 3 demonstrated moderate lymphoma-related uptake. Of the 13 lung cancer patients (12 NSCLC, 1 SCLC), 7 had increased 18 F-FAZA uptake in the primary lung tumour. No side effects of the administration of 18 F-FAZA were observed. This study suggests that 18 F-FAZA may be a very useful radiopharmaceutical

Surrogate measurement of the 238Pu(n,f) cross section

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ressler, J. J.; Burke, J. T.; Escher, J. E.; Bernstein, L. A.; Bleuel, D. L.; Casperson, R. J.; Gostic, J.; Henderson, R.; Scielzo, N. D.; Thompson, I. J.; Wiedeking, M.; Angell, C. T.; Goldblum, B. L.; Munson, J.; Basunia, M. S.; Phair, L. W.; Beausang, C. W.; Hughes, R. O.; Hatarik, R.; Ross, T. J.

2011-01-01

The neutron-induced fission cross section of 238 Pu was determined using the surrogate ratio method. The (n,f) cross section over an equivalent neutron energy range 5-20 MeV was deduced from inelastic α-induced fission reactions on 239 Pu, with 235 U(α,α ' f) and 236 U(α,α ' f) used as references. These reference reactions reflect 234 U(n,f) and 235 U(n,f) yields, respectively. The deduced 238 Pu(n,f) cross section agrees well with standard data libraries up to ∼10 MeV, although larger values are seen at higher energies. The difference at higher energies is less than 20%.

Synthesis and kinetics of [18F]4'-fluoroantipyrine in normal mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Robbins, P.J.; Fortman, D.L.; Scholz, K.L.; Fusaro, G.A.; Sodd, V.J.

1978-01-01

Antipyrine labeled with radioiodine has proven useful for studying the symmetry of human brain perfusion by gamma-camera techniques. The feasibility of preparing F-18-labeled antipyrine for eventual use with a positron camera was investigated. The preparation of [ 18 F] 4'-fluoroantipyrine and its distribution in normal mice were used to evaluate this potential. 4'-Fluoroantipyrine was prepared in 7 to 20% chemical yield by the pyrolysis of the 4'-diazonium fluoroborate salt of antipyrine. This Schiemann salt was prepared by a five-step synthesis from 1-(4'-nitrophenyl)-3-methyl-5-chloro-pyrazole. Fluorine-18 labeling of the diazonium fluoroborate salt by exchange with aqueous F-18 and pyrolysis of the dried labeled salt produced [ 18 F] 4'-fluoroantipyrine with specific activities of 0.83 to 2.7 μCi/mg. The incorporated F-18 activity ranged from 0.53 to 1.9%. The labeling procedure took about 3 hr. The labeled antipyrine was administered by tail vein to fasting female Swiss-Cox mice. Distribution of F-18 at 12, 30, 60, and 120 sec, and 10 min, after injection showed that radioactivity persisted in the brain up to 120 sec at a level greater than that of the skin and the bone. (Skin and bone samples were chosen as representative of activities in the scalp and skull surrounding the brain.) Thus, perfusion imaging of the CNS should be possible when greater quantities of high-specific-activity F-18-labeled antipyrine becomes available

Radionuclide fistulogram (RnF) in hemodialysis patients

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, I.S.; Sy, W.M.; Heneghan, W.; Manoli, A.; Gozum, M.

1984-01-01

Prosthetic graft A-V fistulae (AVf) (10 adults) and internal AVf (14 adults) as avenues of hemodialysis were created surgically in the limbs of 24 renal failure patients. AVf can malfunction or become obstructed and to date only contrast fistulography (CnF) is used to document such problems. Thirty-three RnF's were performed in 24 patients and CnF's in seven patients. Eleven had clinical features of AVf malfunction and 13 were asymptomatic. 99mTc compounds, TcO/sup -//sub 4/ or MDP (20 mCi) were injected into the AVf through a 19-gauge butterfly. 2 sec. dynamic images (qualitative data) and simultaneous computer acquisition in 64 x 64 byte mode with 0.5 sec/frame for 120 frames (quantitative data) were obtained. Normal qualitative and quantitative criteria were established. 10/11 symptomatic and 2/13 asymptomatic patients showed abnormal scintigraphic features and time activity curves indicating AVf malfunction. All 12 patients demonstrated abnormal collateral formation; 8/12 had stenosis, 3/12 showed equivocal stenosis and in 1/12 no stenosis was shown. In these 12 patients the S/sub 2/ (second circulation)/S/sub 1/ (initial circulation) ratio was below 10%. In 5/12 whose S/sub 2//S/sub 1/ ratio was less than 1%, the CnF and surgical repair confirmed the presence of stenosis. RnF appears to be a simple, benign, and accurate imaging procedure in the evaluation of AVf malfunction.

Optimization of precursor synthesis, formulation and stability of 1′-[18 F]fluoroethyl-β-D-lactose ([18 F]FEL) for preclinical studies in detection of pancreatic cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paolillo, Vincenzo; De Palatis, Louis; Alauddin, Mian M.

2014-01-01

Introduction: 1′-[ 18 F]Fluoroethyl-β-D-lactose ([ 18 F]FEL) is a new PET imaging agent for early detection of pancreatic cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. We previously reported the syntheses of [ 18 F]FEL using a bromo- and a tosyl- precursor, followed by an improved method using a nosyl-precursor. However, some steps in the synthesis of the precursor appeared to be problematic producing low yields. Here, we report on an optimized method for synthesis of the precursor and production of [ 18 F]FEL; we also describe [ 18 F]FEL’s formulation and stability. Methods: Acetylation of D-lactose 1 was performed following a literature procedure to obtain 1′,2′,3′,6′,2,3,4,6-D-lactose octa-acetate 2a/2b. Bromination of 2a/2b was performed using HBr/acetic acid to produce 1'-bromo-2′,3′,6′,2,3,4,6-hepta-O-acetyl-α-D-lactose 3. Coupling of 3 with ethylene glycol was performed in the presence of Ag-tosylate and an excess of ethylene glycol to produce 4a. Compound 4a was reacted with p-nitrophenylsulfonyl chloride to produce the nosyl derivative 5. Radiofluorination of 5 was performed using K[ 18 F]fluoride/kryptofix to obtain 6, which was purified by HPLC and hydrolyzed with Na-methoxide to produce 7. Results: Compound 2 (2a/2b) was obtained in 83% yield as a mixture of two anomeric products. Compound 3 was obtained from the 2a/2b mixture in 80% yield as one product. Coupling of 3 with ethylene glycol produced 4a in 90% yield. Compound 5 was obtained in 64% yield, and radiofluorination of 5 produced 6 in 62.5% ± 7.5% yields (n = 8). Hydrolysis of 6 with Na-methoxide produced 7 in 42.0% ± 7.0% yield (n = 8) from the end of bombardment. Conclusions: A simple 4-step synthesis of the precursor, compound 5, has been achieved with improved yields. A new formulation of [ 18 F]FEL has been developed that allows the product to remain stable at ambient temperature for use in animal studies. This improved synthesis of the precursor and stable formulation of

Optimization of precursor synthesis, formulation and stability of 1′-[18 F] fluoroethyl-β-d-lactose ([18 F]FEL) for preclinical studies in detection of pancreatic cancer

Science.gov (United States)

Paolillo, Vincenzo; De Palatis, Louis; Alauddin, Mian M.

2014-01-01

Introduction 1′-[18 F]Fluoroethyl-β-d-lactose ([18 F]FEL) is a new PET imaging agent for early detection of pancreatic cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. We previously reported the syntheses of [18 F]FEL using a bromo- and a tosyl- precursor, followed by an improved method using a nosyl-precursor. However, some steps in the synthesis of the precursor appeared to be problematic producing low yields. Here, we report on an optimized method for synthesis of the precursor and production of [18 F]FEL; we also describe [18 F]FEL’s formulation and stability. Methods Acetylation of d-lactose 1 was performed following a literature procedure to obtain 1′,2′,3′,6′,2,3,4,6-d-lactose octa-acetate 2a/2b. Bromination of 2a/2b was performed using HBr/acetic acid to produce 1'-bromo-2′,3′,6′,2,3,4,6-hepta-O-acetyl-α-d-lactose 3. Coupling of 3 with ethylene glycol was performed in the presence of Ag-tosylate and an excess of ethylene glycol to produce 4a. Compound 4a was reacted with p-nitrophenylsulfonyl chloride to produce the nosyl derivative 5. Radiofluorination of 5 was performed using K[18 F]fluoride/kryptofix to obtain 6, which was purified by HPLC and hydrolyzed with Na-methoxide to produce 7. Results Compound 2 (2a/2b) was obtained in 83% yield as a mixture of two anomeric products. Compound 3 was obtained from the 2a/2b mixture in 80% yield as one product. Coupling of 3 with ethylene glycol produced 4a in 90% yield. Compound 5 was obtained in 64% yield, and radiofluorination of 5 produced 6 in 62.5% ± 7.5% yields (n = 8). Hydrolysis of 6 with Na-methoxide produced 7 in 42.0% ± 7.0% yield (n = 8) from the end of bombardment. Conclusions A simple 4-step synthesis of the precursor, compound 5, has been achieved with improved yields. A new formulation of [18 F]FEL has been developed that allows the product to remain stable at ambient temperature for use in animal studies. This improved synthesis of the precursor and stable formulation of [18 F]FEL should

Fully automated synthesis system of 3'-deoxy-3'-[18F]fluorothymidine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oh, Seung Jun; Mosdzianowski, Christoph; Chi, Dae Yoon; Kim, Jung Young; Kang, Se Hun; Ryu, Jin Sook; Yeo, Jeong Seok; Moon, Dae Hyuk

2004-01-01

We developed a new fully automated method for the synthesis of 3'-deoxy-3'-[ 18 F]fluorothymidine ([ 18 F]FLT), by modifying a commercial FDG synthesizer and its disposable fluid pathway. Optimal labeling condition was that 40 mg of precursor in acetonitrile (2 mL) was heated at 150 degree sign C for 100 sec, followed by heating at 85 degree sign C for 450 sec and hydrolysis with 1 N HCl at 105 degree sign C for 300 sec. Using 3.7 GBq of [ 18 F]F - as starting activity, [ 18 F]FLT was obtained with a yield of 50.5±5.2% (n=28, decay corrected) within 60.0±5.4 min including HPLC purification. With 37.0 GBq, we obtained 48.7±5.6% (n=10). The [ 18 F]FLT showed the good stability for 6 h. This new automated synthesis procedure combines high and reproducible yields with the benefits of a disposable cassette system

Thermoluminescent properties of LiF:NaF multilayers thin films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mauricio, Claudia Lucia P.; Mauricio, Marcos H.P.; Nunes, Raul A.

1996-01-01

LiF and NaF and LiF:NaF multilayer films were grown by the assisted physical deposition method of beam evaporation. All films were grown by the assisted physical deposition method of e-beam evaporation. All films were made with a deposition rate of 10 A/s on aluminium and stainless steel substrates. Both substrates were kept at room temperature, 150 deg C and 300 deg C. The films were irradiated with 10 Gy in a 60 Co source. The thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves are similar for both substrates, with only a small dislocation in temperature of about 10 deg C. This dislocation in temperature are supposed to be related with its different thermal conductivity. The TL glow curves of films grown on aluminium substrates are more intense. TL of LiF films are similar of the TL of LiF crystals. The TL glow curves of multilayer LiF:NaF films can not be explained as a simple superposition of the glow curves of individual LiF and NaF layers. Thin layers of NaF seems not change very much the glow peaks structure of LiF films. (author)

Septic arthritis of shoeulder caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23F in a female infant. Report of a case

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Flores Nava Gerardo

2014-07-01

Full Text Available We present the case of a female infant previously vaccinated against Streptococcus pneumoniae who developed a septic arthritis in the right shoulder. An artrothomy was performed. The culture of the sy- novial fluid was positive for serotype 23F Streptococcus pneumonia.

Estrogen and progesterone decrease let-7f microRNA expression and increase IL-23/IL-23 receptor signaling and IL-17A production in patients with severe asthma.

Science.gov (United States)

Newcomb, Dawn C; Cephus, Jacqueline Yvonne; Boswell, Madison G; Fahrenholz, John M; Langley, Emily W; Feldman, Amy S; Zhou, Weisong; Dulek, Daniel E; Goleniewska, Kasia; Woodward, Kimberly B; Sevin, Carla M; Hamilton, Robert G; Kolls, Jay K; Peebles, R Stokes

2015-10-01

Women have an increased prevalence of severe asthma compared with men. IL-17A is associated with severe asthma and requires IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) signaling, which is negatively regulated by let-7f microRNA. We sought to Determine the mechanism by which 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) increase IL-17A production. IL-17A production was determined by using flow cytometry in TH17 cells from women (n = 14) and men (n = 15) with severe asthma. Cytokine levels were measured by using ELISA, and IL-23R and let-7f expression was measured by using quantitative PCR in TH17-differentiated cells from healthy women (n = 13) and men (n = 14). In sham-operated or ovariectomized female mice, 17β-E2, P4, 17β-E2+P4, or vehicle pellets were administered for 3 weeks before ex vivo TH17 cell differentiation. Airway neutrophil infiltration and CXCL1 (KC) expression were also determined in ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged wild-type female recipient mice with an adoptive transfer of OVA-specific TH17 cells from female and male mice. In patients with severe asthma and healthy control subjects, IL-17A production was increased in TH17 cells from women compared with men. IL-23R expression was increased and let-7f expression was decreased in TH17-differentiated cells from women compared with men. In ovariectomized mice IL-17A and IL-23R expression was increased and Let-7f expression was decreased in TH17 cells from mice administered 17β-E2+P4 compared with those administered vehicle. Furthermore, transfer of female OVA-specific TH17 cells increased acute neutrophil infiltration in the lungs of OVA-challenged recipient mice compared with transfer of male OVA-specific TH17 cells. 17β-E2+P4 increased IL-17A production from TH17 cells, providing a potential mechanism for the increased prevalence of severe asthma in women compared with men. Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

HYPERDIRE. HYPERgeometric functions DIfferential REduction. MATHEMATICA based packages for differential reduction of generalized hypergeometric functions {sub p}F{sub p-1}, F{sub 1}, F{sub 2}, F{sub 3}, F{sub 4}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bytev, Vladimir V.; Kalmykov, Mikhail Yu. [Hamburg Univ. (Germany). 2. Inst. fuer Theoretische Physik; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russian Federation); Kniehl, Bernd A. [Hamburg Univ. (Germany). 2. Inst. fuer Theoretische Physik

2013-05-15

HYPERDIRE is a project devoted to the creation of a set of Mathematica based programs for the differential reduction of hypergeometric functions. The current version includes two parts: one, pfq, is relevant for manipulations of hypergeometric functions {sub p+1}F{sub p}, and the second one, AppellF1F4, for manipulations with Appell hypergeometric functions F{sub 1}, F{sub 2}, F{sub 3}, F{sub 4} of two variables.

Qualitative analysis of ionospheric disorders in Solok earthquake (March 6, 2007) viewed from anomalous critical frequency of layer F (f0F2) and genesis spread F

Science.gov (United States)

Pujiastuti, D.; Daniati, S.; Taufiqurrahman, E.; Mustafa, B.; Ednofri

2018-03-01

A qualitative analysis has been conducted by comparing the critical frequency anomalies of layer F (f0F2) and Spread F events to see the correlation with seismic activity before the Solok earthquake (March 6, 2007) in West Sumatra. The ionospherics data used was taken using the FMCW ionosonde at LAPAN SPD Kototabang, Palupuah, West Sumatra. The process of ionogramme scaling is done first to get the daily value of f0F2. The value of f0F2 is then compared with its monthly median to see the daily variations that appear. Anomalies of f0F2 and Spread F events were observed from February 20, 2007 to March 6, 2007. The presence of f0F2 anomalies was the negative deviation and the presence of Spread F before earthquake events were recommended as Solok earthquake precursors as they occurred when geomagneticsics and solar activities were normal.

HYPERDIRE. HYPERgeometric functions DIfferential REduction. MATHEMATICA based packages for differential reduction of generalized hypergeometric functions pFp-1, F1, F2, F3, F4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bytev, Vladimir V.; Kalmykov, Mikhail Yu.; Kniehl, Bernd A.

2013-05-01

HYPERDIRE is a project devoted to the creation of a set of Mathematica based programs for the differential reduction of hypergeometric functions. The current version includes two parts: one, pfq, is relevant for manipulations of hypergeometric functions p+1 F p , and the second one, AppellF1F4, for manipulations with Appell hypergeometric functions F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F 4 of two variables.

Clinical studies of 18F-FDG and 18F-FP-β-CIT PET imaging in hemi-Parkinson's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Jun; Lin Xiangtong; Guan Yihui; Zuo Chuantao; Zhang Zhengwei; Wang Jian; Sun Bomin; Chen Zhengping

2003-01-01

Objective: To study the characteristics of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 18 F-N-3-fluoro-propyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane ( 18 F-FP-β-CIT) PET imaging in patients with hemi-Parkinson's disease (hemi-PD) and to assess their value in early diagnosis. Methods: 34 cases of hemi-PD (Hoehn and Yahr stage I-II) and 16 normal control subjects were selected for this study. 16 patients were performed with 18 F-FDG PET imaging, 18 patients with 18 F-FP-β-CIF, while 6 patients of them both 18 F-FDG and 18 F-FP-β-CIT. 30 min after injection of 185-259 MBq 18 F-FDG, 3D brain scans were acquired. Region of interest (ROI) analysis and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) were applied. 18 F-FP-β-CIT PET imaging was carried out 2-3 h post injection, and (ROI-cerebellum)/cerebellum ratio was calculated. Results: In right hemi-PD, reductions in 18 F-FDG metabolism were observed in the left basal ganglia compared with control group, but with no significant difference (P>0.05). The results of SPM analysis showed that a significant reduction in FDG uptake in the left superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus, whereas a significant increase in the bilateral precentral gyrus , superior parietal lobule, left middle occipital gyrus and left thalamus as compared with the control group. There was a significant reduction in 18 F-FP-β-CIT uptake in putamen, its reduction was found not only in the contralateral putamen, but also in the ipsilateral ones, and more pronounced in the contralateral posterior putamen. Conclusions: 18 F-FDG PET imaging is non-specific for the early diagnosis of PD. 18 F-FP-β-CIT PET imaging could find the changes of striatum dopamine transporter at early stage, therefore it was helpful for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PD. Combined with 18 F-FDG PET imaging, the changes of local cerebral glucose metabolism in PD could also be evaluated

hmF2 variability over Havana

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lazo, B.; Alazo, K.; Rodriguez, M.; Calzadilla, A.

2003-01-01

The hmF2 variability over Havana station (Geo. Latitude 23 deg. N, Geo Longitude 278 deg. E; Dip 54.6 deg. N; Modip: 44.8 deg. N) is presented. In this study different solar and seasonal conditions are considered. The results show that, in general, standard deviation of hmF2 is quite irregular and reaches its values at nighttimes hours. Lower and upper quartiles variability has a similar behaviour to IQ variability, showing its higher values at nighttimes too. (author)

[18F]FDG Accumulation in Early Coronary Atherosclerotic Lesions in Pigs.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miikka Tarkia

Full Text Available Inflammation is an important contributor to atherosclerosis progression. A glucose analogue 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG has been used to detect atherosclerotic inflammation. However, it is not known to what extent [18F]FDG is taken up in different stages of atherosclerosis. We aimed to study the uptake of [18F]FDG to various stages of coronary plaques in a pig model.First, diabetes was caused by streptozotocin injections (50 mg/kg for 3 days in farm pigs (n = 10. After 6 months on high-fat diet, pigs underwent dual-gated cardiac PET/CT to measure [18F]FDG uptake in coronary arteries. Coronary segments (n = 33 were harvested for ex vivo measurement of radioactivity and autoradiography (ARG.Intimal thickening was observed in 16 segments and atheroma type plaques in 10 segments. Compared with the normal vessel wall, ARG showed 1.7±0.7 times higher [18F]FDG accumulation in the intimal thickening and 4.1±2.3 times higher in the atheromas (P = 0.004 and P = 0.003, respectively. Ex vivo mean vessel-to-blood ratio was higher in segments with atheroma than those without atherosclerosis (2.6±1.2 vs. 1.3±0.7, P = 0.04. In vivo PET imaging showed the highest target-to-background ratio (TBR of 2.7. However, maximum TBR was not significantly different in segments without atherosclerosis (1.1±0.5 and either intimal thickening (1.2±0.4, P = 1.0 or atheroma (1.6±0.6, P = 0.4.We found increased uptake of [18F]FDG in coronary atherosclerotic lesions in a pig model. However, uptake in these early stage lesions was not detectable with in vivo PET imaging. Further studies are needed to clarify whether visible [18F]FDG uptake in coronary arteries represents more advanced, highly inflamed plaques.

Facile and efficient synthesis of [{sup 18}F]fluoromisonidazole using novel 2-nitroimidazole derivatives

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kwon, Young-Do; Lim, Seok Tae; Sohn, Myung-Hee; Kim, Hee-Kwon, E-mail: hkkim717@jbnu.ac.kr [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju (Korea, Republic of); Jung, Yongju [Department of Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan (Korea, Republic of)

2016-07-01

[{sup 18}F]Fluoromisonidazole ([{sup 18}F]FMISO) is a hypoxia imaging marker utilized in positron emission tomography. Novel FMISO precursors were prepared from a commercially available material, and several reaction factors that affect synthesis of [{sup 18}F]FMISO were examined to achieve a higher fluorination yield. [{sup 18}F]FMISO was obtained from radiosynthesis, followed by the hydrolysis of protecting groups with HCl. New 2-nitroimidazole precursor showed a higher [{sup 18}F]fluorination and a higher synthetic yield. This result provided alternative guidelines for the preparation of hypoxia imaging marker. (author)

Comparison of LiVPO4F to Li4Ti5O12 as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Rui; Shao, Lianyi; Wu, Kaiqiang; Shui, Miao; Wang, Dongjie; Pan, Jianguo; Long, Nengbing; Ren, Yuanlong; Shu, Jie

2013-09-11

In this paper, we reported on a comparison of LiVPO4F to Li4Ti5O12 as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Combined with powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, galvanostatic discharge/charge tests and in situ X-ray diffraction technologies, we explore and compare the insertion/extraction mechanisms of LiVPO4F based on the V3+/V2+/V+ redox couples and Li4Ti5O12 based on the Ti4+/Ti3+ redox couple cycled in 1.0-3.0 V and 0.0-3.0 V. The electrochemical results indicate that both LiVPO4F and Li4Ti5O12 are solid electrolyte interphase free materials in 1.0-3.0 V. The insertion/extraction mechanisms of LiVPO4F and Li4Ti5O12 are similar with each other in 1.0-3.0 V as proved by in situ X-ray diffraction. It also demonstrates that both samples possess stable structure in 0.0-3.0 V. Additionally, the electrochemical performance tests of LiVPO4F and Li4Ti5O12 indicate that both samples cycled in 0.0-3.0 V exhibit much higher capacities than those cycled in 1.0-3.0 V but display worse cycle performance. The rate performance of Li4Ti5O12 far exceeds that of LiVPO4F in the same electrochemical potential window. In particular, the capacity retention of Li4Ti5O12 cycled in 1.0-3.0 V is as high as 98.2% after 20 cycles. By contrast, Li4Ti5O12 is expected to be a candidate anode material considering its high working potential, structural zero-strain property, and excellent cycle stability and rate performance.

Comparison of PET and fMRI activation patterns during declarative memory processes; Vergleich von PET und fMRT-Aktivierungsmustern waehrend deklarativer Gedaechtnisvorgaenge

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mottaghy, F.M.; Krause, B.J.; Schmidt, D.; Hautzel, H.; Mueller-Gaertner, H.-W. [Heinrich-Heine-Univ. Duesseldorf (Germany). Klinik fuer Nuklearmedizin; Forschungszentrum Juelich (DE). Klinik fuer Nuklearmedizin (KME); Herzog, H.; Shah, N.J. [Forschungszentrum Juelich (DE). Inst. fuer Medizin (IME); Halsband, U. [Albert-Ludwigs-Univ. Freiburg (Germany). Psychologisches Inst., Neuropsychologie

2000-11-01

Aim: In this study neuronal correlates of encoding and retrieval in paired association learning were compared using two different neuroimaging methods: Positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: 6 right-handed normal male volunteers took part in the study. Each subject underwent six 0-15-butanol PET scans and an fMRI study comprising four single epochs on a different day. The subjects had to learn and retrieve 12 word pairs which were visually presented (highly imaginable words, not semantically related). Results: Mean recall accuracy was 93% in the PET as well as in the fMRI experiment. During encoding and retrieval we found anterior cingulate cortex activation, and bilateral prefrontal cortex activation in both imaging modalities. Furthermore, we demonstrate the importance of the precuneus in episodic memory. With PET the results demonstrate frontopolar activations whereas fMRI fails to show activations in this area probably due to susceptibility artifacts. In fMRI we found additionally parahippocampal activation and due to the whole-brain coverage cerebellar activation during encoding. The distance between the center-of-mass activations in both modalities was 7.2{+-}6.5 mm. Conclusion: There is a preponderance of commonalities in the activation patterns yielded with fMRI and PET. However, there are also important differences. The decision to choose one or the other neuroimaging modality should among other aspects depend on the study design (single subject vs. group study) and the task of interest. (orig.) [German] Ziel: Vergleich der beiden Bildgebungsmethoden Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie (PET) und funktionelle Magnetresonanztomographie (fMRT) bei einer deklarativen Gedaechtnisaufgabe. Methoden: 6 Probanden wurden sowohl mit einer GE 4096+PET-Kamera als auch mit einem Siemens Vision MR-Tomographen waehrend einer deklarativen Gedaechtnisaufgabe untersucht. Die Gedaechtnisaufgabe bestand darin, 12 Wortpaare

Chemistry of nuclear recoil 18F atoms. VIII. Mechanisms and yields of caging reactions in liquid phase 1,1-difluoroethane and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manning, R.G.; Root, J.W.

1976-01-01

New procedures are reported for the specification of caging yields in nuclear recoil chemistry experiments. All five hot 18 F substitution channels in CH 3 CF 3 and CH 3 CHF 2 exhibit caging at large density. The respective total caged yields at 195 degreeK are 4.0% +- 0.6% and 5.6% +- 0.6%, and the total yields of stabilized substitution products are 8.9% +- 0.4% and 8.6% +- 0.6%. The simplest plausible caging mechanism involves primary Franck--Rabinowitsch radical recombination of 18 F atoms with aliphatic radicals. Density-variation results cannot be used for the qualitative detection of caging reactions unless excitation-stabilization complications have been shown to be unimportant

Automated Synthesis of 18F-Fluoropropoxytryptophan for Amino Acid Transporter System Imaging

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I-Hong Shih

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objective. This study was to develop a cGMP grade of [18F]fluoropropoxytryptophan (18F-FTP to assess tryptophan transporters using an automated synthesizer. Methods. Tosylpropoxytryptophan (Ts-TP was reacted with K18F/kryptofix complex. After column purification, solvent evaporation, and hydrolysis, the identity and purity of the product were validated by radio-TLC (1M-ammonium acetate : methanol = 4 : 1 and HPLC (C-18 column, methanol : water = 7 : 3 analyses. In vitro cellular uptake of 18F-FTP and 18F-FDG was performed in human prostate cancer cells. PET imaging studies were performed with 18F-FTP and 18F-FDG in prostate and small cell lung tumor-bearing mice (3.7 MBq/mouse, iv. Results. Radio-TLC and HPLC analyses of 18F-FTP showed that the Rf and Rt values were 0.9 and 9 min, respectively. Radiochemical purity was >99%. The radiochemical yield was 37.7% (EOS 90 min, decay corrected. Cellular uptake of 18F-FTP and 18F-FDG showed enhanced uptake as a function of incubation time. PET imaging studies showed that 18F-FTP had less tumor uptake than 18F-FDG in prostate cancer model. However, 18F-FTP had more uptake than 18F-FDG in small cell lung cancer model. Conclusion. 18F-FTP could be synthesized with high radiochemical yield. Assessment of upregulated transporters activity by 18F-FTP may provide potential applications in differential diagnosis and prediction of early treatment response.

Super-No-Scale F-SU(5): A dynamic determination of M{sub 1/2} and tan{beta}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li Tianjun, E-mail: junlt@physics.tamu.edu [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States); Key Laboratory of Frontiers in Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Maxin, James A., E-mail: jmaxin@physics.tamu.edu [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States); Nanopoulos, Dimitri V., E-mail: dimitri@physics.tamu.edu [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States); Astroparticle Physics Group, Houston Advanced Research Center (HARC), Mitchell Campus, Woodlands, TX 77381 (United States); Academy of Athens, Division of Natural Sciences, 28 Panepistimiou Avenue, Athens 10679 (Greece); Walker, Joel W., E-mail: jwalker@shsu.edu [Department of Physics, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341 (United States)

2011-09-20

We study the Higgs potential in No-Scale F-SU(5), a model built on the tripodal foundations of the F-lipped SU(5)xU(1){sub X} Grand Unified Theory, extra F-theory derived TeV scale vector-like particle multiplets, and the high scale boundary conditions of no-scale supergravity. V{sub min}, the minimum of the potential following radiative electroweak symmetry breaking, is a function at fixed Z-boson mass of the universal gaugino boundary mass M{sub 1/2} and tan{beta}, the ratio of Higgs vacuum expectation values. The so-scale nullification of the bilinear Higgs soft term B{sub {mu}} at the boundary reduces V{sub min}(M{sub 1/2}) to a one-dimensional dependency, which may be secondarily minimized. This 'Super-No-Scale' condition dynamically fixes tan{beta} and M{sub 1/2} at the local minimum minimorum of V{sub min}. Fantastically, the walls of this theoretically established secondary potential coalesce in descent to a striking concurrency with the previously phenomenologically favored 'Golden Point' and 'Golden Strip'.

Investigation of the multiphotonic excitation processes of the 4f{sup 2} 5d configuration in LiYF{sub 4}, LiLuF{sub 4} and BaY{sub 2}F{sub 8} crystals doped with trivalent neodymium; Investigacao dos processos de excitacao multifotonica da configuracao 4f{sup 2} 5d nos cristais de LiYF{sub 4}, LiLuF{sub 4} e BaY{sub 2}F{sub 8} dopados com neodimio trivalente

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Librantz, Andre Felipe Henriques

2004-07-01

Ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence of Nd{sup 3+} ions induced by multistep laser excitation was investigated in Nd-doped LiYF{sub 4} (YLF), LiLuF{sub 4} (LLF) and BaY{sub 2}F{sub 8} (BaYF) crystals using a technique of time-resolved spectroscopy. The observed UV luminescence was due to transitions between the bottom of 4f{sup 2} 5d configuration and the 4f{sup 3} states of Nd{sup 3+} ions. The lower excited state 4f {sup 2}({sup 3}H)5d [{sup 4}K{sub 11/2}] was reached by three stepwise absorptions of photons at 521 nm (green) and 478 nm (blue) of a short pulse laser excitation. The three sequential absorptions at 478 nm constitutes a new multiphoton excitation process of Nd{sup 3+} in these crystals with the following excitation sequence: {sup 4}I{sub 9/2} + hv(480 nm){yields} {sup 2}G(1){sub 9/2} + hv(480 nm){yields} {sup 2}F(2){sub 7/2} + hv(480 nm){yields} 4f {sup 2}({sup 3}H)5d [{sup 4}K{sub 9/2}] (excited state at {approx} 63000 cm{sup -1}). The observed UV emissions from [{sup 4}K{sub 11/2}] state have a lifetime of 35 ns (parity allowed) and are: broadband in contrast to UV emissions from 4f{sup 3} configuration, which are also present in the luminescence investigation but having longer lifetime (8 {mu}s) and structures composed of narrow lines. The excitation spectrum of fast UV luminescence exhibited different structure depending on the excitation geometry ({sigma} or {pi}) with respect to the c-axis of the crystal. It was seen two new emissions from [{sup 4}K{sub 11/2}] and {sup 2}F(2){sub 5/2} states near 528 nm, which modified the branching ratio of the bottom of the 4f{sup 2} 5d configuration ({approx} 55500 cm{sup -1} for the YLF and LLF crystals and {approx}-53700 cm{sup -1} for the BaYF crystal). The equivalent cross-section of three and two excitation process was estimated at 521 nm by solving the rate equations of the system under short laser excitation, which leads us to infer that is possible to have laser action under pulsed laser pumping with

A complete remote-control system for reliable preparation of [18F]altanserin.

Science.gov (United States)

Tan, P Z; Baldwin, R M; Soufer, R; Garg, P K; Charney, D S; Innis, R B

1999-05-01

A complete remote control system was constructed for production of the PET 5-HT2A ligand [18F]altanserin by nitro-for-fluoro exchange. Comparing with published methods, the key features include (1) conducting azeotropic distillation and nucleophilic displacement in an open vessel heated by a commercial microwave oven; (2) purifying the product by a single HPLC procedure and (3) removing HPLC solvent by solid phase extraction. The preparation took 114 min with 23% yield and high quality.

Recoil 18F chemistry. XI. High pressure investigation of 1,1-difluoroethane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manning, R.G.; Root, J.W.

1980-01-01

Nuclear recoil 18 F reactions in CH 3 CHF 2 have been investigated throughout the effective pressure range 0.3--190 atm. The principal reaction channel is F-to-HF abstraction for which the combined yield from quasithermal and energetic processes in the presence of 5 mole% H 2 S additive is 83.4% +- 0.2%. A reaction mechanism is proposed that involves the organic product forming channels F-for-F, F-for-αH, F-for-βH, F-for-CH 3 and F-for-CHF 2 . The results are compared with those reported for the 18 F+CH 3 CF 3 system

The impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with liver metastases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chua, Siew C.; Groves, Ashley M.; Kayani, Irfan; Menezes, Leon; Gacinovic, Svetislav; Du, Yong; Bomanji, Jamshed B.; Ell, Peter J.

2007-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess the performance of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT) versus dedicated contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) in the detection of metastatic liver disease. All patients that presented to our Institution with suspected metastatic liver disease who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT and CECT within 6 weeks of each other, were retrospectively analyzed, covering a 5-year period. One hundred and thirty-one patients (67 men, 64 women; mean age 62) were identified. Seventy-five had colorectal carcinoma and 56 had other malignancies. The performance of CECT and that of 18 F-FDG-PET/CT in detecting liver metastases were compared. The ability of each to detect local recurrence, extrahepatic metastases and to alter patient management was recorded. The final diagnosis was based on histology, clinical and radiological follow-up (mean 23 months). In detecting hepatic metastases, 18 F-FDG-PET/CT yielded 96% sensitivity and 75% specificity, whilst CECT showed 88% sensitivity and 25% specificity. 18 F-FDG-PET/CT and CECT were concordant in 102 out of 131 patients (78%). In the colorectal group 18 F-FDG-PET/CT showed 94% sensitivity and 75% specificity, whilst CECT had 91% sensitivity and 25% specificity. In the noncolorectal group 18 F-FDG-PET/CT showed 98% sensitivity and 75% specificity whilst CECT had 85% sensitivity and 25% specificity. Overall, 18 F-FDG-PET/CT altered patient management over CECT in 25% of patients. CECT did not alter patient management over 18 F-FDG-PET/CT alone in any patients. 18 F-FDG-PET/CT performed better in detecting metastatic liver disease than CECT in both colorectal and noncolorectal malignancies, and frequently altered patient management. The future role of CECT in these patients may need to be re-evaluated to avoid potentially unnecessary duplication of investigation where 18 F-PET/CT is readily available. (orig.)

Diagnosis of pseudoprogression in patients with glioblastoma using O-(2-[{sup 18}F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine PET

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Galldiks, Norbert [University of Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne (Germany); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Juelich (Germany); University of Cologne, Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne (Germany); Dunkl, Veronika; Fink, Gereon R. [University of Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne (Germany); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Juelich (Germany); Stoffels, Gabriele [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Juelich (Germany); Hutterer, Markus; Hau, Peter [University of Regensburg, Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, Regensburg (Germany); Rapp, Marion; Sabel, Michael [Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Department of Neurosurgery, Duesseldorf (Germany); Reifenberger, Guido [Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Department of Neuropathology, Duesseldorf (Germany); Kebir, Sied [University of Bonn, Department of Neurology, Bonn (Germany); Dorn, Franziska [University of Cologne, Department of Neuroradiology, Cologne (Germany); Blau, Tobias [University of Cologne, Department of Neuropathology, Cologne (Germany); Herrlinger, Ulrich [University of Cologne, Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne (Germany); University of Bonn, Department of Neurology, Bonn (Germany); Ruge, Maximilian I. [University of Cologne, Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne (Germany); University of Cologne, Department of Stereotaxy and Functional Neurosurgery, Cologne (Germany); Kocher, Martin [University of Cologne, Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne (Germany); University of Cologne, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cologne (Germany); Goldbrunner, Roland [University of Cologne, Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne (Germany); University of Cologne, Department of Neurosurgery, Cologne (Germany); Drzezga, Alexander; Schmidt, Matthias [University of Cologne, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cologne (Germany); Langen, Karl-Josef [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Juelich (Germany); University of Aachen, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aachen (Germany)

2015-04-01

The follow-up of glioblastoma patients after radiochemotherapy with conventional MRI can be difficult since reactive alterations to the blood-brain barrier with contrast enhancement may mimic tumour progression (i.e. pseudoprogression, PsP). The aim of this study was to assess the clinical value of O-(2-{sup 18}F-fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine ({sup 18}F-FET) PET in the differentiation of PsP and early tumour progression (EP) after radiochemotherapy of glioblastoma. A group of 22 glioblastoma patients with new contrast-enhancing lesions or lesions showing increased enhancement (>25 %) on standard MRI within the first 12 weeks after completion of radiochemotherapy with concomitant temozolomide (median 7 weeks) were additionally examined using amino acid PET with {sup 18}F-FET. Maximum and mean tumour-to-brain ratios (TBR{sub max}, TBR{sub mean}) were determined. {sup 18}F-FET uptake kinetic parameters (i.e. patterns of time-activity curves, TAC) were also evaluated. Classification as PsP or EP was based on the clinical course (no treatment change at least for 6 months), follow-up MR imaging and/or histopathological findings. Imaging results were also related to overall survival (OS). PsP was confirmed in 11 of the 22 patients. In patients with PsP, {sup 18}F-FET uptake was significantly lower than in patients with EP (TBR{sub max} 1.9 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.5, TBR{sub mean} 1.8 ± 0.2 vs. 2.3 ± 0.3; both P < 0.001) and presence of MGMT promoter methylation was significantly more frequent (P = 0.05). Furthermore, a TAC type II or III was more frequently present in patients with EP (P = 0.04). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the optimal {sup 18}F-FET TBR{sub max} cut-off value for identifying PsP was 2.3 (sensitivity 100 %, specificity 91 %, accuracy 96 %, AUC 0.94 ± 0.06; P < 0.001). Univariate survival analysis showed that a TBR{sub max} <2.3 predicted a significantly longer OS (median OS 23 vs. 12 months; P = 0.046). {sup 18}F-FET PET may facilitate

Atmospheric chemistry of C2F5CHO: mechanism of the C2F5C(O)O-2+HO2 reaction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Mads Peter Sulbæk; Hurley, MD; Wallington, TJ

2003-01-01

in a yield of 76 +/- 4 The gas phase reaction of CnF2n+1C(O)O-2 with HO2 radicals offers a potential explanation for at least part of the observed environmental burden of fluorinated carboxylic acids, CnF2n+1C(O)OH. As part of this work an upper limit for the rate constant of reaction of Cl atorns with C2F5C......(O)OH at 296 K was determined; k(Cl + C2F5C(O)OH) 1 x 10(-11) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V....

Die Interhalogenkationen [Br2F5]+ und [Br3F8].

Science.gov (United States)

Ivlev, Sergei; Karttunen, Antti; Buchner, Magnus; Conrad, Matthias; Kraus, Florian

2018-05-02

Wir berichten über die Synthese und Charakterisierung der bislang einzigen Polyhalogenkationen, in denen verbrückende Fluoratome vorliegen. Das [Br2F5]+-Kation enthält eine symmetrische [F2Br-µ-F-BrF2]-Brücke, das [Br3F8]+-Kation enthält unsymmetrische µ-F-Brücken. Die Fluoronium-Ionen wurden in Form ihrer [SbF6]--Salze erhalten und Raman-, und 19F-NMR-spektroskopisch, sowie durch Röntgenbeugung am Einkristall untersucht. Quantenchemische Rechnungen, sowohl für die isolierten Kationen in der Gasphase, als auch für die Festkörper selbst, wurden durchgeführt. Populationsanalysen zeigen, dass die µ-F-Atome die am stärksten negativ partialgeladenen Atome der Kationen sind. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Radiation and chemical stability of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose radiopharmaceutical. Author-review of thesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buriova, M.

2004-07-01

)FDG carrier in 2-[ 18 F]FDG preparation was found to be 6 mg · dm -3 and in combination with a radiometric detector the specific activity 6.6 GBq · μmol -1 of 2-[ 18 F]FDG was found. The main oxidation products of ( 19 F)FDG and glucose by Fenton's reagent were arabonic acid at 14-23% yield, gluconic acid 12%, both glucuronic acid and arabinose at 5%. In case of ( 19 F)FDG among the principal products 2-fluorgluconic acid and 2-fluorgluconic acids by 2.7 % and 4% yields respectively were identified. The dose rates in real solutions of 2-[ 18 F]FDG, as well as the radiation-chemical yields of radioactive (fluorinated), but also further products of autoradiolysis of 2-[ 18 F]FDG radiopharmaceutical were assessed. Dose rate comprises about 140 Gy · h -1 , the annihilation radiation contribution being about 50% of the dose. As the main autoradiolysis products of 3.3 · 10 -5 M solution of 2-[ 18 F]FDG were established: glucose (as additive) - 0.14 mM, arabinose - 2.8 μM (G=0.07/100 eV), gluconic (G=0.05 /100 eV) and glucuronic acids (1.8 - 0.5) μM (G=0.01/100 eV). All 2-[ 19 F]fluorogluconic, 2-[ 19 F]fluorogluconic, arabinose and araburonic acids occurred under 0.5 μM concentration. The LC/MS system combined with a radiometric detector discovered two radioactive products of autoradiolysis of 2-[ 18 F]FDG: 2-[ 18 F]fluorogluconic and 2-[ 18 F]fluoroglucuronic acids, which were established by quantitative calibration. The radiation-chemical yield of glucuronic acid is G=0.004 /100 eV and 2-gluconic acid is about 0.003/100 eV. 2-( 18 F)fluoroglucuronic acid occurrence was about (0.51 ± 0.10 ) % of 2-( 18 F)FDG activity, and 2-( 18 F)fluorogluconic acid (0.30 ± 0.04) %. Activity belonging to free ( 18 F)F- was about (0.20 ± 0.05) %. Radiochemical purity of 2-[ 18 F]FDG radiopharmaceutical after expiration time was established as (99.0 ± 0.2) % what is much higher than that prescribed by pharmacopoeia (> 95 % 2-[ 18 F]FDG). The 1% of radiochemical impurities belonging to

Evaluation of F-18-labeled amino acid derivatives and [18F]FDG as PET probes in a brain tumor-bearing animal model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, H.-E.; Wu, S.-Y.; Chang, C.-W.; Liu, R.-S.; Hwang, L.-C.; Lee, T.-W.; Chen, J.-C.; Hwang, J.-J.

2005-01-01

2-Deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro-D-glucose ([ 18 F]FDG) has been extensively used as positron emission tomography (PET) tracer in clinical tumor imaging. This study compared the pharmacokinetics of two 18 F-labeled amino acid derivatives, O-2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl-L-tyrosine (L-[ 18 F]FET) and 4-borono-2-[ 18 F]fluoro-L-phenylalanine-fructose (L-[ 18 F]FBPA-Fr), to that of [ 18 F]FDG in an animal brain tumor model. Methods: A self-modified automated PET tracer synthesizer was used to produce no-carrier-added (nca) L-[ 18 F]FET. The cellular uptake, biodistribution, autoradiography and microPET imaging of L-[ 18 F]FET, L-[ 18 F]FBPA-Fr and [ 18 F]FDG were performed with F98 glioma cell culture and F98 glioma-bearing Fischer344 rats. Results: The radiochemical purity of L-[ 18 F]FET was >98% and the radiochemical yield was 50% in average of 16 runs. The uptake of L-[ 18 F]FET and L-[ 18 F]FBPA-Fr in the F98 glioma cells increased rapidly for the first 5 min and reached a steady-state level after 10 min of incubation, whereas the cellular uptake of [ 18 F]FDG kept increasing during the study period. The biodistribution of L-[ 18 F]FET, L-[ 18 F]FBPA-Fr and [ 18 F]FDG in the brain tumors was 1.26±0.22, 0.86±0.08 and 2.77±0.44 %ID/g at 60 min postinjection, respectively, while the tumor-to-normal brain ratios of L-[ 18 F]FET (3.15) and L-[ 18 F]FBPA-Fr (3.44) were higher than that of [ 18 F]FDG (1.44). Both microPET images and autoradiograms of L-[ 18 F]FET and L-[ 18 F]FBPA-Fr exhibited remarkable uptake with high contrast in the brain tumor, whereas [ 18 F]FDG showed high uptake in the normal brain and gave blurred brain tumor images. Conclusion: Both L-[ 18 F]FET and L-[ 18 F]FBPA-Fr are superior to [ 18 F]FDG for the brain tumor imaging as shown in this study with microPET

Interplay between dynamic screened f-f interaction and sk·sf interaction in Ce systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez-Aguilar, F.; Costa-Quintana, J.; Sanchez-Lopez, M.M.

1997-01-01

Two complementary analyses for the electronic structure of Ce systems are given. The first is performed from the renormalized density of states (DOS) deduced from the interacting Green close-quote s functions. These Green close-quote s functions are obtained from a self-energy calculated from a multiband Hubbard Hamiltonian and using the random phase approximation to account for the dynamical f-f screened interactions. The resulting DOS presents agreements and discrepancies with the spectral data yielded by direct and inverse photoemission. The theoretical and experimental f widths next to the Fermi level imply f-electron masses that are in strong contradiction with those obtained from the heavy-fermion specific heat. We have carried out a second analysis that complements the first one, since it considers the spin-exchange between extended states and a spin-field that is completely excluded from the first calculation. By the marriage of the results obtained in the first calculation with those of the second analysis, we can relate the photoemission spectra and de Haas endash van Alphen masses with the measurements of the contribution of the low-energy quasiparticles to the specific heat and the magnetic susceptibility. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Measurement of the CP violating phase {phi}{sub s} in B{sup Macron }{sub s}{sup 0}{yields}J/{psi}f{sub 0}(980)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aaij, R. [Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Abellan Beteta, C. [Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain); Adeva, B. [Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela (Spain); Adinolfi, M. [H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol (United Kingdom); Adrover, C. [CPPM, Aix-Marseille Universite, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille (France); Affolder, A. [Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool (United Kingdom); Ajaltouni, Z. [Clermont Universite, Universite Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand (France); Albrecht, J.; Alessio, F. [European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland); Alexander, M. [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (United Kingdom); Alkhazov, G. [Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI), Gatchina (Russian Federation); Alvarez Cartelle, P. [Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela (Spain); Alves, A.A. [Sezione INFN di Roma La Sapienza, Roma (Italy); Amato, S. [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Amhis, Y. [Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne (Switzerland); Anderson, J. [Physik-Institut, Universitaet Zuerich, Zuerich (Switzerland); Appleby, R.B. [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester (United Kingdom); Aquines Gutierrez, O. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg (Germany); Archilli, F. [Laboratori Nazionali dell' INFN di Frascati, Frascati (Italy); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland); Arrabito, L. [CC-IN2P3, CNRS/IN2P3, Lyon-Villeurbanne (France); and others

2012-02-07

Measurement of mixing-induced CP violation in B{sup Macron }{sub s}{sup 0} decays is of prime importance in probing new physics. So far only the channel B{sup Macron }{sub s}{sup 0}{yields}J/{psi}{phi} has been used. Here we report on a measurement using an LHCb data sample of 0.41 fb{sup -1}, in the CP odd eigenstate J/{psi}f{sub 0}(980), where f{sub 0}(980){yields}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}. A time-dependent fit of the data with the B{sup Macron }{sub s}{sup 0} lifetime and the difference in widths of the heavy and light eigenstates constrained to the values obtained from B{sup Macron }{sub s}{sup 0}{yields}J/{psi}{phi} yields a value of the CP violating phase of -0.44{+-}0.44{+-}0.02 rad, consistent with the Standard Model expectation.

Increased frequency of co-existing JAK2 exon-12 or MPL exon-10 mutations in patients with low JAK2(V617F) allelic burden.

Science.gov (United States)

Nussenzveig, Roberto H; Pham, Ha T; Perkins, Sherrie L; Prchal, Josef T; Agarwal, Archana M; Salama, Mohamed E

2016-01-01

The frequency of co-existing JAK2(V617F)/MPL and JAK2(V617F)/JAK2 exon-12 mutations has not been previously investigated in MPNs. Poor survival was reported in primary myelofibrosis with low JAK2(V617F) allelic burden. However, mutational status of JAK2 exon-12 or MPL were not reported in these patients. This study developed a cost-effective multiplex high resolution melt assay that screens for mutations in JAK2 gene exons-12 and -14 ((V617F)) and MPL gene exon-10. Co-existing mutations with JAK2(V617F) were detected in 2.9% (6/208; two JAK2 exon-12 and four MPL exon-10) patient specimens with known JAK2(V617F) (allelic-burden range: 0.1-96.8%). Co-existing mutations were detected in specimens with MPL exon-10 mutation should be pursued.

18F-Labelled metomidate analogues as adrenocortical imaging agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Erlandsson, Maria; Karimi, Farhad; Lindhe, Orjan; Langstroem, Bengt

2009-01-01

Introduction: Two- and one-step syntheses of 18 F-labelled analogues of metomidate, such as 2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (1), 2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl 1-[(1R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (2), 2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl 1-[(1R)-1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (3), 3-[ 18 F]fluoropropyl 1-[(1R)-1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (4) and 3-[ 18 F]fluoropropyl 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (5) are presented. Methods: Analogues 1-5 were prepared by a two-step reaction sequence that started with the synthesis of either 2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate or 3-[ 18 F]fluoropropyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate. These were used as 18 F-alkylating agents in the second step, in which they reacted with the ammonium salt of a 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. One-step-labelling syntheses of 1, 2 and 5 were also explored. Analogues 1-4 were biologically validated by frozen-section autoradiography and organ distribution. Metabolite analysis was performed for 2 and 3. Results: The radiochemical yield of the two-step synthesis was in the range of 10-29% and that of the one-step synthesis was 25-37%. Using microwave irradiation in the one-step synthesis of 1 and 2 increased the radiochemical yield to 46±3% and 79±30%, respectively. Conclusion: Both the frozen-section autoradiography and organ distribution results indicated that analogue 2 has a potential as an adrenocortical imaging agent, having the highest degree of specific adrenal binding and best ratio of adrenal to organ uptake among the compounds studied.

Vaccinia protein F12 has structural similarity to kinesin light chain and contains a motor binding motif required for virion export.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gareth W Morgan

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Vaccinia virus (VACV uses microtubules for export of virions to the cell surface and this process requires the viral protein F12. Here we show that F12 has structural similarity to kinesin light chain (KLC, a subunit of the kinesin-1 motor that binds cargo. F12 and KLC share similar size, pI, hydropathy and cargo-binding tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs. Moreover, molecular modeling of F12 TPRs upon the crystal structure of KLC2 TPRs showed a striking conservation of structure. We also identified multiple TPRs in VACV proteins E2 and A36. Data presented demonstrate that F12 is critical for recruitment of kinesin-1 to virions and that a conserved tryptophan and aspartic acid (WD motif, which is conserved in the kinesin-1-binding sequence (KBS of the neuronal protein calsyntenin/alcadein and several other cellular kinesin-1 binding proteins, is essential for kinesin-1 recruitment and virion transport. In contrast, mutation of WD motifs in protein A36 revealed they were not required for kinesin-1 recruitment or IEV transport. This report of a viral KLC-like protein containing a KBS that is conserved in several cellular proteins advances our understanding of how VACV recruits the kinesin motor to virions, and exemplifies how viruses use molecular mimicry of cellular components to their advantage.

Relationship between ionospheric F2-layer critical frequency, F10.7, and F10.7P around African EIA trough

Science.gov (United States)

Ikubanni, S. O.; Adeniyi, J. O.

2017-02-01

Improved ionospheric modeling requires a better understanding of the relationship between ionospheric parameters and their influencing solar and geomagnetic sources. Published reports of the validation of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) for quiet-time revealed either underestimation or overestimation at a greater magnitude during high solar fluxes, especially at low latitude. With daily foF2 data from Ouagadougou (geor. 12.4°N, 1.5°W) covering a solar cycle, we have presented preliminary results from the analysis of solar dependence of six different classifications of the data: (i) daily values, (ii) monthly mean, (iii) daily quiet values (with Ap ⩽ 20), (iv) monthly-quiet-mean values, (v) monthly median, and (vi) monthly-quiet-median values. All six classifications show good nonlinear relationship with both F10.7 and F10.7P, however, the differences between the dependence of classes (i) and (iii) of foF2 on the two solar indices is more substantial than those of classes (ii), (iv), (v), and (vi). Of all the six classes, the monthly averages are best related to both solar activity indices. Further analysis shows that magnetic disturbances are non-influential in the variations of the monthly mean of both solar activity indices; this makes both good indices for quiet-time modeling. Likewise, F10.7 and F10.7P are indistinguishable for long-term modeling around the African EIA trough region. While monthly median values may be best for mid-latitude region, either the mean/median values could be used for low-latitude region. However, it could be worthwhile to examine the distribution of the data from the station under consideration.

Chloromuconolactone dehalogenase ClcF of actinobacteria.

Science.gov (United States)

Solyanikova, Inna P; Plotnikova, Elena G; Shumkova, Ekaterina S; Robota, Irina V; Prisyazhnaya, Natalya V; Golovleva, Ludmila A

2014-01-01

This work investigated the distribution of the clcF gene in actinobacteria isolated from different ecotopes. The gene encodes chloromuconolactone dehalogenase (CMLD) ClcF, the enzyme found to date in only one representative of Gram-positive bacteria, Rhodococcus opacus 1CP, adapted to 2-chlorophenol (2CP). Using primers specific to the clcF gene, from the DNA matrix of rhodococcal strains closely related to species Rhodococcus wratislaviensis (P1, P12, P13, P20, G10, KT112, KT723, BO1) we obtained PCR products whose nucleotide sequences were 100% identical to that of the clcF gene from strain R. opacus 1CP. CMLDs isolated from the biomass of strains Rhodococcus spp. G10 and P1 grown on 2CP did not differ by their subunit molecular mass deduced from the known amino acid sequence of the clcF gene from the ClcF of strain R. opacus 1CP. Matrix-assisted laser dissociation/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry showed the presence of a peak with m/z 11,194-11,196 Da both in whole cells and in protein solutions with a ClcF activity. Thus, we have first time shown the distribution of ClcF among actinobacteria isolated from geographically distant habitats.

Quantitative analysis of 18F-NaF dynamic PET/CT cannot differentiate malignant from benign lesions in multiple myeloma.

Science.gov (United States)

Sachpekidis, Christos; Hillengass, Jens; Goldschmidt, Hartmut; Anwar, Hoda; Haberkorn, Uwe; Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, Antonia

2017-01-01

A renewed interest has been recently developed for the highly sensitive bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical 18 F-NaF. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential utility of quantitative analysis of 18 F-NaF dynamic PET/CT data in differentiating malignant from benign degenerative lesions in multiple myeloma (MM). 80 MM patients underwent whole-body PET/CT and dynamic PET/CT scanning of the pelvis with 18 F-NaF. PET/CT data evaluation was based on visual (qualitative) assessment, semi-quantitative (SUV) calculations, and absolute quantitative estimations after application of a 2-tissue compartment model and a non-compartmental approach leading to the extraction of fractal dimension (FD). In total 263 MM lesions were demonstrated on 18 F-NaF PET/CT. Semi-quantitative and quantitative evaluations were performed for 25 MM lesions as well as for 25 benign, degenerative and traumatic lesions. Mean SUV average for MM lesions was 11.9 and mean SUV max was 23.2. Respectively, SUV average and SUV max for degenerative lesions were 13.5 and 20.2. Kinetic analysis of 18 F-NaF revealed the following mean values for MM lesions: K 1 = 0.248 (1/min), k 3 = 0.359 (1/min), influx (K i ) = 0.107 (1/min), FD = 1.382, while the respective values for degenerative lesions were: K 1 = 0.169 (1/min), k 3 = 0.422 (1/min), influx (K i ) = 0.095 (1/min), FD = 1. 411. No statistically significant differences between MM and benign degenerative disease regarding SUV average , SUV max , K 1 , k 3 and influx (K i ) were demonstrated. FD was significantly higher in degenerative than in malignant lesions. The present findings show that quantitative analysis of 18 F-NaF PET data cannot differentiate malignant from benign degenerative lesions in MM patients, supporting previously published results, which reflect the limited role of 18 F-NaF PET/CT in the diagnostic workup of MM.

Activación del polisacárido capsular de Streptococcus pneumoniae serotipo 23F para la obtención de vacunas conjugadas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janoi Chang-Calderón

2017-04-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad, las vacunas conjugadas constituyen un gran hito en el desarrollo de fármacos que protegen contra las enfermedades infecciosas. Estas vacunas no solo disminuyen drásticamente la mortalidad y morbilidad de diferentes enfermedades causadas por bacterias en la población infantil; sino que también repercuten sobre la población no vacunada. Las vacunas conjugadas se basan en establecer una unión covalente entre un polisacárido y una proteína portadora para lo cual existen diferentes procedimientos químicos. Todos los procedimientos de conjugación requieren la presencia de grupos reactivos complementarios que muchas veces son generados en ambas macromoléculas. Este trabajo se enfoca en el estudio de la reacción de fragmentación y de la oxidación peryódica sobre el polisacárido capsular serotipo 23F de Streptococcus pneumoniae para su uso como antígeno vacunal. Se estableció la fragmentación del polisacárido mediante hidrólisis con ácido acético y trifluoroácetico. En el caso de la reacción de oxidación se encontró que la cantidad de moles de peryodato de sodio y la temperatura influyen de manera directamente proporcional sobre la generación de grupos carbonilos. Adicionalmente se demostró que el sustituyente glicerol-fosfatos presente en la estructura del serotipo 23F es relevante para conservar la antigenicidad. El procedimiento descrito permite obtener conjugados inmunogénicos a partir del polisacárido capsular de Streptococcus pneumoniae serotipo 23F en el modelo de conejos.

HFC-23 (CHF3 emission trend response to HCFC-22 (CHClF2 production and recent HFC-23 emission abatement measures

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R. G. Prinn

2010-08-01

Full Text Available HFC-23 (also known as CHF3, fluoroform or trifluoromethane is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG, with a global warming potential (GWP of 14 800 for a 100-year time horizon. It is an unavoidable by-product of HCFC-22 (CHClF2, chlorodifluoromethane production. HCFC-22, an ozone depleting substance (ODS, is used extensively in commercial refrigeration and air conditioning, in the extruded polystyrene (XPS foam industries (dispersive applications and also as a feedstock in fluoropolymer manufacture (a non-dispersive use. Aside from small markets in specialty uses, HFC-23 has historically been considered a waste gas that was, and often still is, simply vented to the atmosphere. Efforts have been made in the past two decades to reduce HFC-23 emissions, including destruction (incineration in facilities in developing countries under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change's (UNFCCC Clean Development Mechanism (CDM, and by process optimization and/or voluntary incineration by most producers in developed countries. We present observations of lower-tropospheric mole fractions of HFC-23 measured by "Medusa" GC/MSD instruments from ambient air sampled in situ at the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE network of five remote sites (2007–2009 and in Cape Grim air archive (CGAA samples (1978–2009 from Tasmania, Australia. These observations are used with the AGAGE 2-D atmospheric 12-box model and an inverse method to produce model mole fractions and a "top-down" HFC-23 emission history. The model 2009 annual mean global lower-tropospheric background abundance is 22.6 (±0.2 pmol mol−1. The derived HFC-23 emissions show a "plateau" during 1997–2003, followed by a rapid ~50% increase to a peak of 15.0 (+1.3/−1.2 Gg/yr in 2006. Following this peak, emissions of HFC-23 declined rapidly to 8.6 (+0.9/−1.0 Gg/yr in 2009, the lowest annual emission of the past 15 years. We derive a 1990–2008 "bottom-up" HFC-23 emission history

Molecular CsF{sub 5} and CsF{sub 2}{sup +}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rogachev, Andrey Yu. [Illinois Institute of Technology, IL (United States). Dept. of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Miao, Mao-sheng [California State Univ., Northridge, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Beijing Computational Science Research Center (China); Merino, Gabriel [Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Merida (Mexico). Dept. de Fisica Aplicada; Hoffmann, Roald [Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology

2015-07-06

D{sub 5h} star-like CsF{sub 5}, formally isoelectronic with known XeF{sub 5}{sup -} ion, is computed to be a local minimum on the potential energy surface of CsF{sub 5}, surrounded by reasonably large activation energies for its exothermic decomposition to CsF + 2F{sub 2}, or to CsF{sub 3} (three isomeric forms) + F{sub 2}, or for rearrangement to a significantly more stable isomer, a classical Cs{sup +} complex of F{sub 5}{sup -}. Similarly the CsF{sub 2}{sup +} ion is computed to be metastable in two isomeric forms. In the more symmetrical structures of these molecules there is definite involvement in bonding of the formally core 5p levels of Cs.

Role of dopants in LiF:Mg,Cu, LiF:Mg,P and LiF:Mg,Cu,P detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mohammadi, Kh.; Moussavi Zarandi, A.; Afarideh, H.; Shahmaleki, S.

2013-01-01

In this study, electronic structure of LiF crystal doped with Mg,Cu,P impurities was studied with WIEN2k code on the basis of FPLAPW+lo method. Results show that in Mg-doped LiF composition, an electronic trap was created with impurity concentration of 1.56% and 3.125%. In this condition, the electronic trap with increasing the percentage of the impurities up to 4.687% is annihilated. It was found, that by doping of Mg and Cu or P simultaneously, a hole-trap is created in valence band. It was realized that in LiF:Mg,Cu, LiF:Mg,P and LiF:Mg,Cu,P, Cu impurity and Li atom, have a key role in creation of levels which lead to create electronic and hole traps. Mg impurity and F atom, only have a role in creation of electronic traps. In addition, P impurity has a main role in creation of the electronic and hole traps in LiF:Mg,Cu,P. The activation energy of electronic and hole trap in LiF:Mg,Cu, LiF:Mg,P and LiF:Mg,Cu,P crystalline lattice were obtained as 0.3 and 5.5 eV, 0.92 and 3.4 eV and 0.75 and 3.1 eV, respectively. - Graphical abstract: Figure (a) and (b) shows changes in electronic structure and band gap energy of LiF crystal due to presence of Mg and Cu, Mg and P ions respectively. - Highlights: • Electronic structure of LiF, LiF:Mg,Cu, LiF:Mg,P and LiF:Mg,Cu,P materials were studied with WIEN2K code. • In LiF:Mg,Cu and LiF:Mg,Cu,P, Li atom and Cu impurity have a key role in creation of levels. • F atom and Mg impurity only have a role in creation of electronic traps. • In LiF:Mg,Cu,P, P impurity has a main role in creation of electronic and hole traps

Combining ability of opium poppy genotypes over F1 and F2 generations of 8x8 diallel cross

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hemant Kumar Yadav

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Combining abilities for yield, its component traits and morphine content were examined in opium poppy tounderstand the inheritance pattern of these traits, and to identify genotypes suitable for genetic improvement of yield andmorphine content. The experiment comprising a total of 64 treatments (28 F1+28 F2 and 8 parents was evaluated in RBD. Theresults showed that most of the traits are governed by non additive gene action however additive gene action is also important.The parents BR-232, BR-245, BR-234 were found to be good general combiners for yield and its related traits and can beutilized in multiple breeding programs. SCA effects in relation to GCA effects of parents showed that most of the crosscombinations with high SCA effects involved high x high, high x low and low x low GCA combiners.

Crystal structure of difluorochloronium hexafluoroniobate and hexafluorotantalate, ClF2NbF6 and ClF2TaF6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ehllern, A.M.; Antipin, M.Yu.; Sharabarin, A.V.; Struchkov, Yu.T.

1991-01-01

Crystal structure of ClF 2 NbF 6 (1) and ClF 2 TaF 6 (2) were investigated by the method of X-ray diffraction analysis. Salts 1 and 2 are isostructural, crystals are rhombic: a = 9.981(2) and 10.049(2), b = 5.781(1) and 5.775(1), c = 10.552(2) and 10.670(2) A, V = 608.9(3) and 619.2(3) A 3 , Z = 4, d calcd 3.058 and 3.952 g/cm 3 , sp. gr. Pcca. Both salts are characterized by ionic structure. Bond lengths and valent angles, general view of 1 crystal structure are presented

Routine production of 18F using 16.5 MeV cyclotron for synthesis of 2-(18F)fluro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abd Jalil Abd Hamid; Soni, P.S.; Rajan, M.G.R.

2006-01-01

A medium energy cyclotron with maximum of 75 mA beam current is capable of producing most common Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radionuclides in sufficient quantities. The cyclotron has two targets for production of Flourine-18. One is high yield target system (HYT) (1.2 mL) and the other is HYT Generation II (Gen-II) (2.2 mL) and capable of producing 110 and 170 GBq respectively. Enriched 18 O water (>95%) is used for the routine production of Flourine-18 using the 18 O(p,n) 18 F nuclear reaction and irradiated under helium gas pressurized at 59-65 kPa at a beam current of 35 mA - 55 mA for 20-67 minutes. The [ 18 F]fluoride ion produced are used for the synthesis of 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-[ 18 F]FDG). Various factors that may effect the production of PET radionuclides and one such factor includes the silver target body often introduce impurity such as silver oxides in form of black particles that can impede the (ID 0.75 mm) delivery line. Such contaminants would reduce the quantity of the available useful radioisotopes, and hinder the subsequent radiopharmaceutical processes. Used of HYT and HYT Gen-II for the routine production of 18 F- in few ten GBq quantities were reported

1,2-Fucosyllactose Does Not Improve Intestinal Function or Prevent Escherichia coli F18 Diarrhea in Newborn Pigs

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cilieborg, Malene Skovsted; Sangild, Per Torp; Jensen, Michael Ladegaard

2017-01-01

of mucosa and activities of some brush border enzymes in the proximal small intestine. In situ abundance of α-1,2-fucose and E coli was similar between groups, whereas sequencing showed higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in F18, Enterococcus in control and Lachnospiraceae in 2FL-F18 pigs. Conclusions: 2......′-FL inhibited in vitro adhesion of E coli F18 to epithelial cells, but had limited effects on diarrhea and mucosal health in newborn pigs challenged with E coli F18...... in the intestine and may in part explain the protective effects of human milk. We hypothesized that 2′-FL prevents diarrhea via competitive inhibition of pathogen adhesion in a pig model for sensitive newborn infants. Methods: Intestinal cell studies were coupled with studies on cesarean-delivered newborn pigs (n...

Single-crystal structure refinement of YbF{sub 2} with a remark about YbH{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reckeweg, Olaf; DiSalvo, Francis J. [Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology

2017-07-01

Transparent-yellow single crystals of YbF{sub 2} were obtained as only crystalline product from the solid-state reaction of Yb and teflon designed to yield 'Yb{sub 3}C{sub 3}F{sub 2}' in addition to some amorphous black material. The first single-crystal structure determination of YbF{sub 2} (cubic space group Fm anti 3m, CaF{sub 2}-type structure, a = 559.46(16) pm; R1 = 1.2%, wR2 = 3.2%) was the starting point to compare isostructural binary fluorides MF{sub 2} and hydrides MH{sub 2} (M = Ca, Yb, Eu, Sr and Ba) exhibiting an as-yet unexplained small volume per formula unit for YbH{sub 2}.

$f$-Biminimal immersions

OpenAIRE

GÜRLER, FATMA; ÖZGÜR, CİHAN

2017-01-01

In the present paper, we define $f$-biminimal immersions. We consider $f$-biminimal curves in a Riemannian manifold and $f$-biminimal submanifolds of codimension $1$ in a Riemannian manifold, and we give examples of $f$-biminimal surfaces. Finally, we consider $f$-biminimal Legendre curves in Sasakian space forms and give an example.

Fibered F-Algebra

OpenAIRE

Kleyn, Aleks

2007-01-01

The concept of F-algebra and its representation can be extended to an arbitrary bundle. We define operations of fibered F-algebra in fiber. The paper presents the representation theory of of fibered F-algebra as well as a comparison of representation of F-algebra and of representation of fibered F-algebra.

Synthesis and evaluation of 18f-labeled benzylideneaniline derivatives as new biomarkers for β-amyloid imaging in Alzheimer's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

B, Rai Ganeaha; Jeong, Jae Min; Lee, Yun Sang; Chang, Young Soo; Kim, Young Ju; Kim, Hyung Woo; Lee, Dong Soo; Chung, June Key; Lee, Myung Chul

2005-01-01

Noninvasive early detection of the Aβ plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain may be useful tool for the treatment of AD patients. We herein describe the synthesis of 18 F-labeled benzylideneaniline derivatives utilizing a novel labeling approach for imaging Aβ plaques in AD patients. Condensation of [ 18 F] 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with various aromatic amines afforded 18 F-labeled benzylideneaniline derivatives. The biodistribution of 18F-Iabeled benzylideneaniline derivatives was studied with ICR male mice. The binding affinities of the cold compounds to Aβ (1-40) were determined using [ 125 I] 2-(3'-iodo-4-methylaminophenyl) benzothiazole as a reference standard. The radiochemical yields were 32-44% and radiochemical purities were above 99% after purification. Log P values of the compounds were 1.56-1.58. Some of the benzylideneaniline derivatives showed relatively high binding affinity to Aβ (1-40) aggregates (Ki 149-304 nM). The 18 F-labeled benzylideneaniline derivatives displayed high brain uptake ratio in normal mice (2.9-24.93). The study suggests that these 18 F-labeled compounds may be suitable for Aβ plaque imaging in AD patients

Automated synthesis of the estrogen receptors imaging agent 18F-FES

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guo Shen; Chen Guobao; Dai Hongfeng; Lin Meifu; Chen Wenxin

2011-01-01

Objective: 18 F-16α-17β-fluoroestradiol ( 18 F-FES), an estrogen receptors imaging agent, is synthesized with Tracerlab FX FN system. Methods: 18 F-FES is obtained by two steps reactions, including the nucleophilic displacement reaction of no-carrier-added 18 F-fluoride with 3-O-methoxymethyl-16, 17-O-sulfuryl-16-epiesteriol, then the intermediate is evaporated and hydrolyzed with HCI and finally gives 18 F-FES. Results: The synthesis of 18 F-FES can be completed in about 80 min.The radiochemical yield and radio-chemical purity are about 10% and 95% respectively. Conclusion: The procedure of synthesis is simple and automatical. 18 F-FES has an extremely low toxicity, which suggests that 18 F-FES may be a safe, a nd effective estrogen receptors imaging agent. (authors)

Initial results of hypoxia imaging using 1-{alpha}-d-(5-deoxy-5-[{sup 18}F]-fluoroarabinofuranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole ({sup 18}F-FAZA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Postema, Ernst J.; McEwan, Alexander J.B.; Riauka, Terence A.; Kumar, Piyush; Richmond, Dacia A.; Abrams, Douglas N. [University of Alberta, Department of Oncology, Edmonton, Alberta (Canada); Wiebe, Leonard I. [University of Alberta, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Edmonton, Alberta (Canada)

2009-10-15

Tumour hypoxia is thought to play a significant role in the outcome of solid tumour therapy. Positron emission tomography (PET) is the best-validated noninvasive technique able to demonstrate the presence of hypoxia in vivo. The locally developed PET tracer for imaging hypoxia, 1-{alpha}-d-(5-deoxy-5-[{sup 18}F]-fluoroarabinofuranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole ({sup 18}F-FAZA), has been shown to accumulate in experimental models of tumour hypoxia and to clear rapidly from the circulation and nonhypoxic tissues. The safety and general biodistribution patterns of this radiopharmaceutical in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC), small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) or non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), malignant lymphoma, and high-grade gliomas, were demonstrated in this study. Patients with known primary or suspected metastatic HNSCC, SCLC or NSCLC, malignant lymphoma or high-grade gliomas were dosed with 5.2 MBq/kg of {sup 18}F-FAZA, then scanned 2-3 h after injection using a PET or PET/CT scanner. Images were interpreted by three experienced nuclear medicine physicians. The location and relative uptake scores (graded 0 to 4) of normal and abnormal {sup 18}F-FAZA biodistribution patterns, the calculated tumour-to-background (T/B) ratio, and the maximum standardized uptake value were recorded. Included in the study were 50 patients (32 men, 18 women). All seven patients with high-grade gliomas showed very high uptake of {sup 18}F-FAZA in the primary tumour. In six out of nine patients with HNSCC, clear uptake of {sup 18}F-FAZA was observed in the primary tumour and/or the lymph nodes in the neck. Of the 21 lymphoma patients (15 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 6 with Hodgkin's disease), 3 demonstrated moderate lymphoma-related uptake. Of the 13 lung cancer patients (12 NSCLC, 1 SCLC), 7 had increased {sup 18}F-FAZA uptake in the primary lung tumour. No side effects of the administration of {sup 18}F-FAZA were observed. This study suggests

Evaluation of the PET component of simultaneous [18F]choline PET/MRI in prostate cancer: comparison with [18F]choline PET/CT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wetter, Axel; Lipponer, Christine; Nensa, Felix; Altenbernd, Jens-Christian; Schlosser, Thomas; Lauenstein, Thomas; Heusch, Philipp; Ruebben, Herbert; Bockisch, Andreas; Poeppel, Thorsten; Nagarajah, James

2014-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the positron emission tomography (PET) component of [ 18 F]choline PET/MRI and compare it with the PET component of [ 18 F]choline PET/CT in patients with histologically proven prostate cancer and suspected recurrent prostate cancer. Thirty-six patients were examined with simultaneous [ 18 F]choline PET/MRI following combined [ 18 F]choline PET/CT. Fifty-eight PET-positive lesions in PET/CT and PET/MRI were evaluated by measuring the maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUV max and SUV mean ) using volume of interest (VOI) analysis. A scoring system was applied to determine the quality of the PET images of both PET/CT and PET/MRI. Agreement between PET/CT and PET/MRI regarding SUV max and SUV mean was tested using Pearson's product-moment correlation and Bland-Altman analysis. All PET-positive lesions that were visible on PET/CT were also detectable on PET/MRI. The quality of the PET images was comparable in both groups. Median SUV max and SUV mean of all lesions were significantly lower in PET/MRI than in PET/CT (5.2 vs 6.1, p max of PET/CT and PET/MRI (R = 0.86, p mean of PET/CT and PET/MRI (R = 0.81, p max of PET/CT vs PET/MRI and -1.12 to +2.23 between SUV mean of PET/CT vs PET/MRI. PET image quality of PET/MRI was comparable to that of PET/CT. A highly significant correlation between SUV max and SUV mean was found. Both SUV max and SUV mean were significantly lower in [ 18 F]choline PET/MRI than in [ 18 F]choline PET/CT. Differences of SUV max and SUV mean might be caused by different techniques of attenuation correction. Furthermore, differences in biodistribution and biokinetics of [ 18 F]choline between the subsequent examinations and in the respective organ systems have to be taken into account. (orig.)

Improved process for generating ClF/sub 3/ from ClF and F/sub 2/

Science.gov (United States)

Reiner, R.H.; Pashley, J.H.; Barber, E.J.

The invention is an improvement in the process for producing gaseous ClF/sub 3/ by reacting ClF and F/sub 2/ at elevated temperature. The improved process comprises conducting the reaction in the presence of NiF/sub 2/, which preferably is in the form of particles or in the form of a film or layer on a particulate substrate. The nickel fluoride acts as a reaction catalyst, significantly increasing the reaction rate and thus permitting valuable reductions in process temperature, pressure, and/or reactor volume.

Evaluation of Nd-Loaded SnO2:F Films Coated via Spray Pyrolysis

Science.gov (United States)

Turgut, G.

2018-07-01

Thin layers of single (F)- and double (F/Nd)-incorporated tin oxide have been coated on glass substrate via spray pyrolysis. The structural, morphological, electrical, and optical features of F-incorporated samples were evaluated depending on the Nd loading. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that samples had tetragonal tin oxide structure with (211) and (200) preferential directions. The crystallite size and strain values varied from 37.98 nm and 1.21 × 10-3 to 52.12 nm and 1.88 × 10-3. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the samples consisted of pyramidal, polyhedral, and needle-shaped granules. The lowest sheet resistance value of 1.22 Ω was found for 1.8 at.% Nd + 25 at.% F-coloaded SnO2. However, the widest optical bandgap of 4.01 eV was observed for the single 25 at.% F-loaded sample. The Urbach tail and figure of merit also changed in the ranges of 664 meV to 1296 meV and 6.4 × 10-2 Ω-1 to 2.3 × 10-3 Ω-1, respectively. The results presented herein indicate that the character of F-doped tin oxide films can be controlled by Nd loading and that these films could be useful for technological applications.

Dark-energy cosmological models in f(G) gravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shamir, M. F., E-mail: farasat.shamir@nu.edu.pk [National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Lahore Campus, Department of Sciences and Humanities (Pakistan)

2016-10-15

We discuss dark-energy cosmological models in f(G) gravity. For this purpose, a locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type I cosmological model is considered. First, exact solutions with a well-known form of the f(G) model are explored. One general solution is discussed using a power-law f(G) gravity model and physical quantities are calculated. In particular, Kasner’s universe is recovered and the corresponding f(G) gravity models are reported. Second, the energy conditions for the model under consideration are discussed using graphical analysis. It is concluded that solutions with f(G) = G{sup 5/6} support expansion of universe while those with f(G) = G{sup 1/2} do not favor the current expansion.

Long-term creep of Hanford concrete at 2500F and 3500F. Final report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gillen, M.

1980-10-01

Test results described in this report cover approximately 21 months of testing in a program to examine the creep behavior of Hanford concretes at elevated temperatures. Two each of 6 x 12-in. concrete cylinders were subjected to static compressive loads of 500 psi at 350F and 1500 psi at 250F and 350F. Test cylinders were cast at Construction Technology Laboratories with materials and mix designs similar to those used in Hanford concrete structures. Effects of load and temperature on deformation of Hanford concrete were: (a) Increased static load reduced the amount of thermal strain when cylinders were heated above ambient. Free thermal expansion of Hanford cylinders heated to 350F was calculated to be about 850 millionths. However, strain of cylinders under 500 psi static load on heating averaged only 740 millionths. Expansion strain of specimens loaded to 1500 psi averaged only 530 millionths when heated to 350F. (b) At 350F, the magnitude of creep strain of cylinders increased with increased static load. Over equal test periods, creep strain of specimens loaded to 1500 psi was approximately twice as large as that of cylinders loaded to only 500 psi. (c) At a test load of 1500 psi, magnitude of creep strain increased with increased temperature. Specimens heated to 350F had creep strains about twice as large as those for specimens heated over comparable test intervals to only 250F. (d) Creep data were satisfactorily modelled with an expression of the form creep strain = A log 10 (t) + B, where creep strain is in millionths, and t is time at test temperature, in days. Values for the coefficient, A, varied from 255.6 to 286.9. Magnitude of the constant B, ranged from 182.1 to 718.6. These trends are in general agreement with concrete creep behavior described in the literature

Measurement of mass yields from the 241Am(2nth,f reaction at the Lohengrin Spectrometer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Köster U.

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The study of fission yields has a major impact on the characterization and understanding of the fission process and is mandatory for reactor applications. While the yields are known for the major actinides (235U, 239Pu in the thermal neutron-induced fission, only few measurements have been performed on 242Am. The interest of 242Am concerns the reduction of radiotoxicity of 241Am in nuclear wastes using transmutation reactions. This paper presents the measurement of the fission mass yields from the reaction 241Am(2nth,f performed at the Lohengrin mass spectrometer (ILL, France for both the light and the heavy peaks: a total of 41 mass yields have been measured. The experiment was also meant to determine whether there is a difference in mass yields between the isomeric state and the ground state as it exists in fission and capture cross sections. The method used to address this question is based on a repeated measurement of a set of fission mass yields as a function of the ratio between the 242gAm and the 242mAm fission rates. The presented experiment is also a first step towards the measurement of the isotopic fission yields of 242Am.

Bridging the gap between quantum Monte Carlo and F12-methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chinnamsetty, Sambasiva Rao; Luo, Hongjun; Hackbusch, Wolfgang; Flad, Heinz-Jürgen; Uschmajew, André

2012-01-01

Graphical abstract: Tensor product approximation of pair-correlation functions: τ(x,y)≈∑ κ=1 κ u k (1) (x 1 ,y 1 )u k (2) (x 2 ,y 2 )u k (3) (x 3 ,y 3 ) Pair-correlation function τ(x,y)∣ ∣x·y∣=∣x∣∣y∣ of the He atom and corresponding tensor product approximation errors. Display Omitted - Abstract: Tensor product approximation of pair-correlation functions opens a new route from quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) to explicitly correlated F12 methods. Thereby one benefits from stochastic optimization techniques used in QMC to get optimal pair-correlation functions which typically recover more than 85% of the total correlation energy. Our approach incorporates, in particular, core and core-valence correlation which are poorly described by homogeneous and isotropic ansatz functions usually applied in F12 calculations. We demonstrate the performance of the tensor product approximation by applications to atoms and small molecules. It turns out that the canonical tensor format is especially suitable for the efficient computation of two- and three-electron integrals required by explicitly correlated methods. The algorithm uses a decomposition of three-electron integrals, originally introduced by Boys and Handy and further elaborated by Ten-no in his 3d numerical quadrature scheme, which enables efficient computations in the tensor format. Furthermore, our method includes the adaptive wavelet approximation of tensor components where convergence rates are given in the framework of best N-term approximation theory.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as detection tool for coordinated or uncoordinated fluorine atoms demonstrated on fluoride systems NaF, K2TaF7, K3TaF8, K2ZrF6, Na7Zr6F31 and K3ZrF7

Science.gov (United States)

Boča, Miroslav; Barborík, Peter; Mičušík, Matej; Omastová, Mária

2012-07-01

While systems K3TaF8 and K3ZrF7 were prepared by modified molten salt method modified wet pathway was used for reproducible preparation of Na7Zr6F31. Its congruently melting character was demonstrated on simultaneous TG/DSC measurements and XRD patterns. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied for identification of differently bonded fluorine atoms in series of compounds NaF, K2TaF7, K3TaF8, K2ZrF6, Na7Zr6F31 and K3ZrF7. Three different types of fluorine atoms were described qualitatively and quantitatively. Uncoordinated fluorine atoms (F-) provide signals at lowest binding energies, followed by signals from terminally coordinated fluorine atoms (M-F) and then bridging fluorine atoms (M-F-M) at highest energy. Based on XPS F 1s signals assigned to fluorine atoms in compounds with correctly determined structure it was suggested that fluorine atoms in K3ZrF7 have partially bridging character.

Galaxy-galaxy weak gravitational lensing in f(R) gravity

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Baojiu; Shirasaki, Masato

2018-03-01

We present an analysis of galaxy-galaxy weak gravitational lensing (GGL) in chameleon f(R) gravity - a leading candidate of non-standard gravity models. For the analysis, we have created mock galaxy catalogues based on dark matter haloes from two sets of numerical simulations, using a halo occupation distribution (HOD) prescription which allows a redshift dependence of galaxy number density. To make a fairer comparison between the f(R) and Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) models, their HOD parameters are tuned so that the galaxy two-point correlation functions in real space (and therefore the projected two-point correlation functions) match. While the f(R) model predicts an enhancement of the convergence power spectrum by up to ˜ 30 per cent compared to the standard ΛCDM model with the same parameters, the maximum enhancement of GGL is only half as large and less than 5 per cent on separations above ˜1-2 h-1 Mpc, because the latter is a cross-correlation of shear (or matter, which is more strongly affected by modified gravity) and galaxy (which is weakly affected given the good match between galaxy autocorrelations in the two models) fields. We also study the possibility of reconstructing the matter power spectrum by combination of GGL and galaxy clustering in f(R) gravity. We find that the galaxy-matter cross-correlation coefficient remains at unity down to ˜2-3 h-1 Mpc at relevant redshifts even in f(R) gravity, indicating joint analysis of GGL and galaxy clustering can be a powerful probe of matter density fluctuations in chameleon gravity. The scale dependence of the model differences in their predictions of GGL can potentially allows us to break the degeneracy between f(R) gravity and other cosmological parameters such as Ωm and σ8.

Structural basis of nanobody-mediated blocking of BtuF, the cognate substrate-binding protein of the Escherichia coli vitamin B12 transporter BtuCD.

Science.gov (United States)

Mireku, S A; Sauer, M M; Glockshuber, R; Locher, K P

2017-10-30

Bacterial ABC importers catalyze the uptake of essential nutrients including transition metals and metal-containing co-factors. Recently, an IgG antibody targeting the external binding protein of the Staphylococcus aureus Mn(II) ABC importer was reported to inhibit transport activity and reduce bacterial cell growth. We here explored the possibility of using alpaca-derived nanobodies to inhibit the vitamin B12 transporter of Escherichia coli, BtuCD-F, as a model system by generating nanobodies against the periplasmic binding protein BtuF. We isolated six nanobodies that competed with B12 for binding to BtuF, with inhibition constants between 10 -6 and 10 -9  M. Kinetic characterization of the nanobody-BtuF interactions revealed dissociation half-lives between 1.6 and 6 minutes and fast association rates between 10 4 and 10 6  M -1 s -1 . For the tightest-binding nanobody, we observed a reduction of in vitro transport activity of BtuCD-F when an excess of nanobody over B12 was used. The structure of BtuF in complex with the most effective nanobody Nb9 revealed the molecular basis of its inhibitory function. The CDR3 loop of Nb9 reached into the substrate-binding pocket of BtuF, preventing both B12 binding and BtuCD-F complex formation. Our results suggest that nanobodies can mediate ABC importer inhibition, providing an opportunity for novel antibiotic strategies.

A comparison of [/sup 18/F]spiroperidol, [/sup 18/F]benperidol and [/sup 18/F] haloperidol kinetics in baboon brain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arnett, C.D.; Shiue, C.Y.; Wolf, A.P.; Fowler, J.S.; Logan, J.

1984-01-01

Neuroleptic receptor ligands, spiroperidol, benperidol and haloperidol were labeled with fluorine-18 by a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of p-nitrobenzo-nitrile with /sup 18/F/sup -/ to produce p-[/sup 18/F]fluorobenzonitrile which was converted to p-[/sup 18/F]fluoro-y-chlorobutyrophenone and then alkylated with the appropriate amine to give [/sup 18/F]spiroperidol ([/sup 18/F]SP), [/sup 18/F]benperidol ([/sup 18/F]BEN), or [/sup 18/F]haloperidol ([/sup 18/F]HAL). Specific activity ranged from 3 to 6 Ci/μmol. Anesthetized baboons were injected with 6-17 mCi of [/sup 18/F]-labeled tracer. Kinetic curves (striatum and cerebellum) were obtained from PETT scans up to 4 hr with each drug; [/sup 18/F]SP was studied to 8 hr. [/sup 18/F]SP and [/sup 18/F]BEN exhibited similar kinetics in striatum, with radioactivity concentration plateauing by 30 min after injection and remaining constant for the remainder of the study. These two compounds cleared rapidly from the cerebellum. [/sup 18/F]HAL showed a much different kinetic pattern in the striatum. Although it reached a higher striatal concentration (≅0.07% per ml vs. ≅ 0.02% per ml for [/sup 18/F]SP or [/sup 18/F]BEN), a peak occurred at 30 min after injection, followed by a decline almost as rapid as that in the cerebellum. Plasma analyses for [/sup 18/F]SP showed > 90% unchanged drug up to 5 min and ≅ 30% metabolites at 20 min after injection. Pretreatment with (+)-butaclamol abolished the selective distribution of [/sup 18/F]SP to the striatum in the four animals studied. Both [/sup 18/F]SP and [/sup 18/F]BEN may be suitable for PETT studies of neuroleptic receptors, but the in vivo kinetics of these compounds are markedly different from their in vitro receptor binding kinetics

Longitudinal imaging of Alzheimer pathology using [11C]PIB, [18F]FDDNP and [18F]FDG PET

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ossenkoppele, Rik; Tolboom, Nelleke; Adriaanse, Sofie F.; Foster-Dingley, Jessica C.; Boellaard, Ronald; Yaqub, Maqsood; Windhorst, Albert D.; Lammertsma, Adriaan A.; Berckel, Bart N.M. van; Barkhof, Frederik; Scheltens, Philip; Flier, Wiesje M. van der

2012-01-01

[ 11 C]PIB and [ 18 F]FDDNP are PET tracers for in vivo detection of the neuropathology underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD). [ 18 F]FDG is a glucose analogue and its uptake reflects metabolic activity. The purpose of this study was to examine longitudinal changes in these tracers in patients with AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and in healthy controls. Longitudinal, paired, dynamic [ 11 C]PIB and [ 18 F]FDDNP (90 min each) and static [ 18 F]FDG (15 min) PET scans were obtained in 11 controls, 12 MCI patients and 8 AD patients. The mean interval between baseline and follow-up was 2.5 years (range 2.0-4.0 years). Parametric [ 11 C]PIB and [ 18 F]FDDNP images of binding potential (BP ND ) and [ 18 F]FDG standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) images were generated. A significant increase in global cortical [ 11 C]PIB BP ND was found in MCI patients, but no changes were observed in AD patients or controls. Subsequent regional analysis revealed that this increase in [ 11 C]PIB BP ND in MCI patients was most prominent in the lateral temporal lobe (p 18 F]FDDNP, no changes in global BP ND were found. [ 18 F]FDG uptake was reduced at follow-up in the AD group only, especially in frontal, parietal and lateral temporal lobes (all p 11 C]PIB binding (ρ = -0.42, p 18 F]FDG uptake (ρ = 0.54, p 18 F]FDDNP binding (ρ = -0.18, p = 0.35) were not. [ 11 C]PIB and [ 18 F]FDG track molecular changes in different stages of AD. We found increased amyloid load in MCI patients and progressive metabolic impairment in AD patients. [ 18 F]FDDNP seems to be less useful for examining disease progression. (orig.)

Two years of experience with the [ 18F]FDG production module

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Sang Wook; Hur, Min Goo; Chai, Jong-Seo; Park, Jeong Hoon; Yu, Kook Hyun; Jeong, Cheol Ki; Lee, Goung Jin; Min, Young Don; Yang, Seung Dae

2007-08-01

Chemistry module for a conventional [18F]FDG production by using tetrabutylammonium bicarbonate (TBA) and an acidic hydrolysis has been manufactured and evaluated. In this experiment, 75 mM (pH 7.5-7.8) of TBA solution and a ca. 2-curies order of [18F]-fluoride have been used for the evaluation. The commercial acidic purification cartridge was purchased from GE or UKE. The operation system (OS) was programmed with Lab-View which was selected because of its easy customization of the OS. Small sized solenoid valves (Burkert; type 6124) were selected to reduce the module dimensions (W 350 × D 270 × H 250). The total time for the synthesis of [18F]FDG was 30 ± 3 min. The production yield of [18F]FDG was 60 ± 2% on an average at EOS, with the decay uncorrected. This experimental data show that the traditional chemistry module can provide a good [18F]FDG production yield by optimizing the operational conditions. The radiochemical purity, radionuclidic purity, acidity, residual solvent, osmolality and endotoxin were determined to assess the quality of [18F]FDG. The examined contents for the quality control of [18F]FDG were found to be suitable for a clinical application.

Perturbative triples correction for local pair natural orbital based explicitly correlated CCSD(F12*) using Laplace transformation techniques.

Science.gov (United States)

Schmitz, Gunnar; Hättig, Christof

2016-12-21

We present an implementation of pair natural orbital coupled cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triples, PNO-CCSD(T), which avoids the quasi-canonical triples approximation (T0) where couplings due to off-diagonal Fock matrix elements are neglected. A numerical Laplace transformation of the canonical expression for the perturbative (T) triples correction is used to avoid an I/O and storage bottleneck for the triples amplitudes. Results for a test set of reaction energies show that only very few Laplace grid points are needed to obtain converged energy differences and that PNO-CCSD(T) is a more robust approximation than PNO-CCSD(T0) with a reduced mean absolute deviation from canonical CCSD(T) results. We combine the PNO-based (T) triples correction with the explicitly correlated PNO-CCSD(F12*) method and investigate the use of specialized F12-PNOs in the conventional triples correction. We find that no significant additional errors are introduced and that PNO-CCSD(F12*)(T) can be applied in a black box manner.

Sperm Production and Mating Ability Among F1 males of Heliothis Virescens (F.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ibrahim, S.M.; Sallam, H.A.

2000-01-01

Adult males of Heliothis Virescens (F.) less than 12 h-old were irradiated with sub sterilizing doses of 50,100 or 125 Gy then crossed with untreated virgin females. The resulted F 1 males 1-and 4-day-old were dissected to determine the production of eupyrene sperm bundles and its accumulation in the duplex region. In another test, an experiment was conducted to determine the ability of F 1 males to mate and transfer sperm to untreated females. The data show that, eupyrene sperm bundles were not found in the duplex of newly emerged males immediately after emergence Number of eupyrene sperm bundles descended to duplex was significantly affected at 125 Gy during the first dark: light cycle of sperm descended. Accumulation of eupyrene sperm bundles of unmated F 1 males was significantly reduced at 100 and 125 Gy. It is apparent that the first mating is the most important, even in the control, and the rate of females that achieved successful mating with F 1 males after the first ejaculate was markedly reduced. This reduction was directly related to the dose level of irradiation. The proportion of mated females without and sperm, with apyrene sperms only or those with reduced amount of eupyrene sperms was generally increased as the dose applied to P 1 increased

F2-isoprostanes and F4-neuroprostanes as markers of intracranial aneurysm development.

Science.gov (United States)

Syta-Krzyżanowska, Anna; Jarocka-Karpowicz, Iwona; Kochanowicz, Jan; Turek, Grzegorz; Rutkowski, Robert; Gorbacz, Krzysztof; Mariak, Zenon; Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta

2018-04-24

Intracranial aneurysms are common, occurring in about 1-2% of the population. Saccular aneurysm is a pouch-like pathological dilatation of an intracranial artery that develops when the cerebral artery wall becomes too weak to resist hemodynamic pressure and distends. The aim of this study was to determine whether the development of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) affects neuronal phospholipid metabolism, and what influence different invasive treatments have on brain free radical phospholipid metabolism. The level of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) cyclization products - F2-isoprostanes and F4-neuroprostanes - was examined using liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in the plasma of patients with brain aneurysm and resulting subarachnoid hemorrhage. It was revealed that an aneurysm leads to the enhancement of lipid peroxidation with a significant increase in plasma F2-isoprostanes and F4-neuroprostanes (more than 3-fold and 11-fold, respectively) in comparison to healthy subjects. The rupture of an aneurysm results in hemorrhage and an additional increase in examined prostaglandin derivatives. The embolization and clipping of aneurysms contribute to a gradual restoration of metabolic homeostasis in brain cells, which is visible in the decrease in PUFA cyclization products. The results indicate that aneurysm development is associated with enhanced inflammation and oxidative stress, factors which favor lipid peroxidation, particularly in neurons, whose membranes are rich in docosahexaenoic acid, a precursor of F4-neuroprostanes.

Structural Phase Transition and Compressibility of CaF2 Nanocrystals under High Pressure

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jingshu Wang

2018-05-01

Full Text Available The structural phase transition and compressibility of CaF2 nanocrystals with size of 23 nm under high pressure were investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurement. A pressure-induced fluorite to α-PbCl2-type phase transition starts at 9.5 GPa and completes at 20.2 GPa. The phase-transition pressure is lower than that of 8 nm CaF2 nanocrystals and closer to bulk CaF2. Upon decompression, the fluorite and α-PbCl2-type structure co-exist at the ambient pressure. The bulk modulus B0 of the 23 nm CaF2 nanocrystals for the fluorite and α-PbCl2-type phase are 103(2 and 78(2 GPa, which are both larger than those of the bulk CaF2. The CaF2 nanocrystals exhibit obviously higher incompressibility compare to bulk CaF2. Further analysis demonstrates that the defect effect in our CaF2 nanocrystals plays a dominant role in the structural stability.

Radiation and chemical stability of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose radiopharmaceutical

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buriova, M.

2004-07-01

molecules association with formate anion HCOO - and also for negative ions of deprotonised molecules. All acids appeared in the form of their lactones. FDG and GLC exhibited tendency for formation of a mixed associate charged by HCOO - anion. On the amine bond silica gel HPTLC column, FDG is poorly separated from fluoride, which even in presence of Kryptofix 2.2.2 remains on the start like on the silica gel layer. The last parathion is to be used as a standard technique for [ 18 F]F - assay. At LC-MS Kryptofix provides a very well measurable signals of associates with NH 4 + a H + ions in positive mode of ESI MS. Sensitivity of the ESI MS detector towards sugars is for three orders of magnitude higher than the refraction index detector, which is used for routine analysis, and enables estimation of molar activity of non-carrier-added 2-[ 18 F]FDG. The results of quantitative LC/MS analysis and high-efficient radiometric detector were used for specific activity of 2-[ 18 F]FDG assessment. Concentration of FDG carrier in 2-[ 18 F]FDG preparation was found to be 6 mg.dm -3 and in combination with a radiometric detector the specific activity 6.6 GBq.μmol -1 of 2-[ 18 F]FDG was found. The molar activity of carrier-free ( 18 F)FDG is 63 TBq.μmol -1 , and for good quality of bio-specific ligands at PET it is supposed to be minimally 1 kBq.fmol -1 . Radiation and chemical stability of 2-deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro-D-glucose, and its comparison with glucose at oxidation by Fenton's reagent and autoradiolysis was found. The main oxidation products of FDG and glucose by Fenton's reagent were arabonic acid at 14-23% yield, gluconic acid 12%, both glucuronic acid and arabinose at 5%. In case of FDG among the principal products 2-fluorgluconic acid and 2-fluorgluconic acid by 2.7 % and 4% yields respectively were identified. The dose rates in real solutions of 2-[ 18 F]FDG, as well as the radiation-chemical yields of radioactive (fluorinated), but also further products of autoradiolysis of 2

GMP-compliant automated synthesis of [{sup 18}F]AV-45 (Florbetapir F 18) for imaging {beta}-amyloid plaques in human brain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yao, C.-H. [Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan (China); Lin, K.-J. [Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan (China); Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan (China); Weng, C.-C. [Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan (China); Hsiao, I.-T. [Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan (China); Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan (China); Ting, Y.-S. [Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan (China); Yen, T.-C. [Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan (China); Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan (China); Jan, T.-R. [Department and Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (China); Skovronsky, Daniel [Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Inc., Philadelphia, PA 19104 (United States); Kung, M.-P. [Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan (China); Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (United States); Wey, S.-P., E-mail: spwey@mail.cgu.edu.t [Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan (China); Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan (China)

2010-12-15

We report herein the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant automated synthesis of {sup 18}F-labeled styrylpyridine, AV-45 (Florbetapir), a novel tracer for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of {beta}-amyloid (A{beta}) plaques in the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients. [{sup 18}F]AV-45 was prepared in 105 min using a tosylate precursor with Sumitomo modules for radiosynthesis under GMP-compliant conditions. The overall yield was 25.4{+-}7.7% with a final radiochemical purity of 95.3{+-}2.2% (n=19). The specific activity of [{sup 18}F]AV-45 reached as high as 470{+-}135 TBq/mmol (n=19). The present studies show that [{sup 18}F]AV-45 can be manufactured under GMP-compliant conditions and could be widely available for routine clinical use.

2',3-dihydroxy-5-methoxybiphenyl suppresses fMLP-induced superoxide anion production and cathepsin G release by targeting the β-subunit of G-protein in human neutrophils.

Science.gov (United States)

Liao, Hsiang-Ruei; Chen, Ih-Sheng; Liu, Fu-Chao; Lin, Shinn-Zhi; Tseng, Ching-Ping

2018-06-15

This study investigates the effect and the underlying mechanism of 2',3-dihydroxy-5-methoxybiphenyl (RIR-2), a lignan extracted from the roots of Rhaphiolepis indica (L.) Lindl. ex Ker var. tashiroi Hayata ex Matsum. & Hayata (Rosaceae), on N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced respiratory burst and cathepsin G in human neutrophils. Signaling pathways regulated by RIR-2 which modulated fMLP-induced respiratory burst were evaluated by an interaction between β subunit of G-protein (Gβ) with downstream signaling induced by fMLP and by immunoblotting analysis of the downstream targets of Gβ-protein. RIR-2 inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production (IC 50 :2.57 ± 0.22 μM), cathepsin G release (IC 50 :18.72 ± 3.76 μM) and migration in a concentration dependent manner. RIR-2 specifically suppresses fMLP-induced Src family kinases phosphorylation by inhibiting the interaction between Gβ-protein with Src kinases without inhibiting Src kinases activities, therefore, RIR-2 attenuated the downstream targets of Src kinase, such as phosphorylation of Raf/ERK, AKT, P38, PLCγ2, PKC and translocation Tec, p47 ph ° x and P40 ph ° x from the cytosol to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Furthermore, RIR-2 attenuated fMLP-induced intracellular calcium mobilization by inhibiting the interaction between Gβ-protein with PLCβ2. RIR-2 was not a competitive or allosteric antagonist of fMLP. On the contrary, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced phosphorylation of Src, AKT, P38, PKC and membrane localization of p47 ph ° x and P40 ph ° x remained unaffected. RIR-2 specifically modulates fMLP-mediated neutrophil superoxide anion production and cathepsin G release by inhibiting the interaction between Gβ-protein with downstream signaling which subsequently interferes with the activation of intracellular calcium, PLCγ2, AKT, p38, PKC, ERK, p47 ph ° x and p40 phox . Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

HIV-1 subtypes D and F are prevalent in Guinea Conakry.

Science.gov (United States)

Freimanis, G L; Loua, A; Allain, J P

2012-04-01

Limited data is available upon the distribution of different HIV-1/2 genotypes in the blood donor population from Guinea Conakry. To investigate the prevalence of HIV-1/2 subtypes in asymptomatic blood donors in Guinea Conakry, in order to update knowledge of HIV-1/2 epidemiology within this country. Samples from 104 blood donors seropositive for HIV-1/2 were tested for HIV-1 by real-time RT-PCR. Those negative for HIV-1 were tested with HIV-2 nested RT-PCR. Positive samples were further amplified in the HIV-1 gag and pol regions and sequenced. Subtypes were determined by phylogenetic analysis on amplicon sequences. 61 samples were positive by HIV-1 real-time RT-PCR. Of the 43 negative, 2 (4.6%) were positive for HIV-2. 52/61 (85.3%) samples were positive by nested RT-PCR. Of the 52, 43 (70.5%) and 31(59.6%) sequences were obtained in the gag and pol regions, respectively; 23 for both regions. HIV-1 subtype distribution was 1 B (2.1%), 8 F (17%), 8 D (17%) and 28 CRF02_AG (59.6%) with 2 unclassified recombinants (4.3%). Unique clusters for subtype D and F distinguished Guinea from HIV-1 subtype distribution in neighboring countries. Subtype F and subtype D strains, uncommon in West Africa, are a substantial part of HIV-1 epidemiology in Guinea. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Physiologic uptake of 18F-FDG in transposed ovaries may mimic metastasis on 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Davidson, Tima; Komisar, Orna; Korach, Jacob; Felder, Shira; Apter, Sara; Ben-Haim, Simona; Perri, Tamar

2018-02-01

Ovarian transposition is aimed at preserving ovarian function before irradiation in pelvic malignancies. The extrapelvic location of the ovaries and their physiologic fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG)-uptake is a potential source of misdiagnosis as metastasis on F-FDG PET/CT. We describe the F-FDG PET/CT characteristics of transposed ovaries and their changes over time. We reviewed F-FDG PET/CT studies of all consecutive women with pelvic malignancies who underwent ovarian transposition between 2007 and 2013. Studies were grouped according to the time period over which they were carried out. Findings were categorized by location, size, appearance (solid/mixed/cystic), presence of surgical clips, ovarian F-FDG uptake (maximum standardized uptake value), and attenuation values on CT (Hounsfield units). Group time-period differences were assessed. Seventy-nine F-FDG PET/CT studies were reviewed, 30 before and 49 after transposition. Time-period groups after transposition were up to 4 months (18 studies), 4.1-12 months (n=14), and more than 12 months (n=17). After transposition, ovaries were located mainly in the paracolic gutter (n=32) and subhepatic regions (n=18). Surgical clips were present in 67%. Both ovaries appeared more solid 1 year after surgery than preoperatively (13.7% before vs. 61.3% after surgery; P<0.001). Transient F-FDG-avidity was observed in 11 ovaries. Hounsfield unit values were higher within 4 months after surgery than preoperatively, reverting thereafter to preoperative values. After ovarian transposition, nonanatomic location, loss of cysts formation in favor of solid appearance over time, and intermittent F-FDG uptake of functioning transposed ovaries might mimic metastatic lesions. Careful interpretation of F-FDG PET/CT findings is mandatory in women with pelvic malignancies who have undergone ovarian transposition.

Molecular composition of vapor in the NaF-ZrF4 system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Korenev, Yu.M.; Sidorov, L.N.; Rykov, A.N.; Novoselova, A.V.

1980-01-01

The NaF-ZrF 4 system is studied. It is established that Na 2 ZrF 6 , NaZrF 5 , (NaZrF 5 ) 2 , NaZr 2 F 9 complex molecules are present in the saturated vapor alongside with pure components. Partial pressures of all vapor components are determined. The values of partial pressure and evaporation heat have been used to calculate the vapor composition above the system; T-x and P-T projections of the phase diagram of the NaF-ZrF 4 system are plotted

Scintillation and optical stimulated luminescence of Ce-doped CaF2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yanagida, Takayuki; Fujimoto, Yutaka; Watanabe, Kenichi; Fukuda, Kentaro; Kawaguchi, Noriaki; Miyamoto, Yuka; Nanto, Hidehito

2014-01-01

Scintillation and optical stimulated luminescence of Ce 0.1–20% doped CaF 2 crystals prepared by Tokuyama Corp. were investigated. In X-ray induced scintillation spectra, luminescence due to Ce 3+ 5d–4f transition appeared around 320 nm with typically 40 ns decay time. By 241 Am 5.5 MeV α-ray irradiation, 0.1% doped one showed the highest scintillation light yield and the light yield monotonically decreased with Ce concentrations. Optically stimulated luminescence after X-ray irradiation was observed around 320 nm under 550 or 830 nm stimulation in all samples. As a result, intensities of optically stimulated luminescence were proportional to Ce concentrations. Consequently, scintillation and optically stimulated luminescence resulted to have a complementary relation in Ce-doped CaF 2 system. - Highlights: • Optical, scintillation, and OSL properties of Ce 0.1–20% doped CaF 2 were studied. • Scintillation light yield exhibited inverse proportionality to Ce concentrations. • OSL intensities showed proportionality to Ce concentrations. • Complementary relation of scintillation and OSL was experimentally confirmed

Statistical properties of the deviations of f 0 F 2 from monthly medians

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Y. Tulunay

2002-06-01

Full Text Available The deviations of hourly f 0 F 2 from monthly medians for 20 stations in Europe during the period 1958-1998 are studied. Spectral analysis is used to show that, both for original data (for each hour and for the deviations from monthly medians, the deterministic components are the harmonics of 11 years (solar cycle, 1 year and its harmonics, 27 days and 12 h 50.49 m (2nd harmonic of lunar rotation period L 2 periodicities. Using histograms for one year samples, it is shown that the deviations from monthly medians are nearly zero mean (mean < 0.5 and approximately Gaussian (relative difference range between %10 to %20 and their standard deviations are larger for daylight hours (in the range 5-7. It is shown that the amplitude distribution of the positive and negative deviations is nearly symmetrical at night hours, but asymmetrical for day hours. The positive and negative deviations are then studied separately and it is observed that the positive deviations are nearly independent of R12 except for high latitudes, but negative deviations are modulated by R12 . The 90% confidence interval for negative deviations for each station and each hour is computed as a linear model in terms of R12. After correction for local time, it is shown that for all hours the confidence intervals increase with latitude but decrease above 60N. Long-term trend analysis showed that there is an increase in the amplitude of positive deviations from monthly means irrespective of the solar conditions. Using spectral analysis it is also shown that the seasonal dependency of negative deviations is more accentuated than the seasonal dependency of positive deviations especially at low latitudes. In certain stations, it is also observed that the 4th harmonic of 1 year corresponding to a periodicity of 3 months, which is missing in f 0 F 2 data, appears in the spectra of negative variations.

Evaluation of Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases with 18F-NaF and 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT.

Science.gov (United States)

Beheshti, Mohsen; Rezaee, Alireza; Geinitz, Hans; Loidl, Wolfgang; Pirich, Christian; Langsteger, Werner

2016-10-01

18 F-fluorocholine is a specific promising agent for imaging tumor cell proliferation, particularly in prostate cancer, using PET/CT. It is a beneficial tool in the early detection of marrow-based metastases because it excludes distant metastases and evaluates the response to hormone therapy. In addition, 18 F-fluorocholine has the potential to differentiate between degenerative and malignant osseous abnormalities because degenerative changes are not choline-avid; however, the agent may accumulate in recent traumatic bony lesions. On the other hand, 18 F-NaF PET/CT can indicate increased bone turnover and is generally used in the assessment of primary and secondary osseous malignancies, the evaluation of response to treatment, and the clarification of abnormalities on other imaging modalities or clinical data. 18 F-NaF PET/CT is a highly sensitive method in the evaluation of bone metastases from prostate cancer, but it has problematic specificity, mainly because of tracer accumulation in degenerative and inflammatory bone diseases. In summary, 18 F-NaF PET/CT is a highly sensitive method, but 18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT can detect early bone marrow metastases and provide greater specificity in the detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer. However, the difference seems not to be significant. © 2016 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Inc.

In vivo evaluation in rats of [18F]1-(2-fluoroethyl)-4-[(4-cyanophenoxy)methyl]piperidine as a potential radiotracer for PET assessment of CNS sigma-1 receptors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Waterhouse, Rikki N.; Chang, Raymond C.; Zhao, Jun; Carambot, Patty E.

2006-01-01

Introduction: Sigma-1 receptors are expressed throughout the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) and are implicated in several psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and depression. We have recently evaluated the high-affinity (K D =0.5±0.2 nM, log P=2.9) sigma-1 receptor radiotracer [ 18 F]1-(3-fluoropropyl)-4-(4-cyanophenoxymethyl)piperidine, [ 18 F]FPS, in humans. In contrast to appropriate kinetics exhibited in baboon brain, in the human CNS, [ 18 F]FPS does not reach pseudoequilibrium by 4 h, supporting the development of a lower-affinity tracer [Waterhouse RN, Nobler MS, Chang RC, Zhou Y, Morales O, Kuwabara H, et al. First evaluation of the sigma-1 receptor radioligand [ 18 F]1-3-fluoropropyl-4-((4-cyanophenoxy)-methyl)piperidine ([ 18 F]FPS) in healthy humans. Neuroreceptor Mapping 2004, July 15-18th, Vancouver, BC Canada 2004]. We describe herein the in vivo evaluation in rats of [ 18 F]1-(2-fluoroethyl)-4-[(4-cyanophenoxy)methyl]piperidine ([ 18 F]SFE) (K D =5 nM, log P=2.4), a structurally similar, lower-affinity sigma-1 receptor radioligand. Methods: [ 18 F]SFE was synthesized (n=4) as previously described in good yield (54±6% EOB), high specific activity (2.1±0.6 Ci/μmol EOS) and radiochemical purity (98±1%) and evaluated in awake adult male rats. Results: Similar to [ 18 F]FPS, regional brain radioactivity concentrations [percentage of injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g), 15 min] for [ 18 F]SFE were highest in occipital cortex (1.86±0.06 %ID/g) and frontal cortex (1.76±0.38 %ID/g), and lowest in the hippocampus (1.01±0.02%ID/g). Unlike [ 18 F]FPS, [ 18 F]SFE cleared from the brain with ∼40% reduction in peak activity over a 90-min period. Metabolite analysis (1 h) revealed that [ 18 F]SFE was largely intact in the brain. Blocking studies showed a large degree (>80%) of saturable binding for [ 18 F]SFE in discrete brain regions. Conclusions: We conclude that [ 18 F]SFE exhibits excellent characteristics in vivo and may provide

H18F: production and use in aromatic fluorinations via triazenes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kilbourn, M.R.; Saji, H.; Welch, M.J.

1982-01-01

Studies with the triazene method of radiofluorination are presented, including the production and use of anhydrous H 18 F, investigations into the best reaction conditions, and studies of the stability and purification of the 18 F-labeled products. Despite problems with low yields, the use of triazenes in the prepartion of fluorine-18 labeled receptor ligands remains a sound synthetic approach, and the only one available for no-carrier-added syntheses. However, it appears that the fluorine-18 fluorination yields are much higher with simpler triazenes. For this reason, synthetic efforts are now focused on the preparation of 18 F-spiroperidol by a convergent synthesis

F-center and self-trapped exciton formation in strongly excited alkali halide crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kravchenko, V.A.; Yakovlev, V.Yu.

1988-01-01

Method of luminescent and absorption spectroscopy with time resolution was used to study the effect of density of electron pulse excitation (t p =10 -8 s, P=(10 5 -10 8 ) WXcm -2 ) on efficiency of η ε two-halide autolocalized exciton (TALE) and F-centers (η F ) formation in CsI, CsBr, KBr, KI alkali halide crystals. It was established that for all studied systems the elevation of P power of electron beam (EB) from 10 5 up to 5X10 7 WXcm -2 resulted to sufficient decrease of production efficiency and yield of TALE luminescence. In the case when F-centers of colour are induced predominantly by pulsed irradiation in crystals, F-center yield is independent of P. If F-centers and TALE are produced in comparable amounts (CsBr crystals, T=80 K), η ε decrease with P growth is accompanied by η F growth

Treatment response evaluation with 18F-FDG PET/CT and 18F-NaF PET/CT in multiple myeloma patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation.

Science.gov (United States)

Sachpekidis, Christos; Hillengass, J; Goldschmidt, H; Wagner, B; Haberkorn, U; Kopka, K; Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, A

2017-01-01

.7 % of them had turned to 18 F-FDG negative. Treatment response according to 18 F-NaF PET/CT revealed CR in one patient ( 18 F-NaF PET/CT CR), PR in five patients ( 18 F-NaF PET/CT PR), SD in 12 patients ( 18 F-NaF PET/CT SD), and PD in seven patients ( 18 F-NaF PET/CT PD). Dynamic 18 F-FDG and 18 F-NaF PET/CT studies showed that SUV average , SUV max , as well as the kinetic parameters K 1 , influx and FD from reference bone marrow and skeleton responded to therapy with a significant decrease (p PET/CT demonstrated a sensitivity of 57.7 % and a specificity of 100 % in treatment response evaluation of MM. Despite its limited sensitivity, the performance of 18 F-FDG PET/CT was satisfactory, given that 6/9 false negative patients in follow-up scans (66.7 %) were clinically characterized as nCR, a disease stage with very low tumor mass. On the other hand, 18 F-NaF PET/CT does not seem to add significantly to 18 F-FDG PET/CT in treatment response evaluation of MM patients undergoing HDT and ASCT, at least shortly after therapy.

Nicotinic α4β2 receptor imaging agents. Part III. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-(2-(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)-5-(3′-18F-fluoropropyl)pyridine (18F-nifzetidine)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pichika, Rama; Easwaramoorthy, Balu; Christian, Bradley T.; Shi, Bingzhi; Narayanan, Tanjore K.; Collins, Daphne; Mukherjee, Jogeshwar

2011-01-01

Thalamic and extrathalamic nicotinic α4β2 receptors found in the brain have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, substance abuse and other disorders. We report here the development of 3-(2-(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)-5-(3′-fluoropropyl)pyridine (nifzetidine) as a new putative high-affinity antagonist for nicotinic α4β2 receptors. Nifzetidine in rat brain homogenate assays containing α4β2 sites labeled with 3 H-cytisine exhibited a binding affinity: Ki=0.67 nM. The fluorine-18 analog, 3-(2-(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)-5-(3′- 18 F-fluoropropyl)pyridine ( 18 F-nifzetidine), was synthesized in 20%–40% yield, and apparent specific activity was estimated to be above 2 Ci/μmol. Rat brain slices indicated selective binding of 18 F-nifzetidine to thalamus, subiculum, striata, cortex and other regions consistent with α4β2 receptor distribution. This selective binding was displaced >85% by 150 μM nicotine. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies of 18 F-nifzetidine in anesthetized rhesus monkey showed slow uptake in the various brain regions. Retention of 18 F-nifzetidine was maximal in the thalamus and lateral geniculate followed by regions of the temporal and frontal cortex. Cerebellum showed the least uptake. Thalamus to cerebellum ratio was about 2.3 at 180 min postinjection and continued to rise. 18 F-Nifzetidine shows promise as a new PET imaging agent for α4β2 nAChR. However, the slow kinetics suggests a need for >3-h PET scans for quantitative studies of the α4β2 nAChRs.

Generation by Generation Correlation and Path Analysis for Yield ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Six advanced generations (F7 - F12) of tomato hybrids were evaluated in the Department of Crop Science Research Farm, University of Nigeria, Nsukka from 2004 to 2008 to estimate the magnitude of character association of yield and yield related attributes in each filial generation. Traits under focus were days to flowering, ...

EPR experiments in LiTbF4, LiHoF4, and LiErF4 at submillimeter frequencies

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Magariño, J.; Tuchendler, J.; Beauvillain, P.

1980-01-01

Electron-paramagnetic-resonance experiments in LiTbF4, LiHoF4, and LiErF4 have been performed at frequencies between 70 and 600 GHz, in magnetic fields up to 60 kG and in the temperature range 1.4......Electron-paramagnetic-resonance experiments in LiTbF4, LiHoF4, and LiErF4 have been performed at frequencies between 70 and 600 GHz, in magnetic fields up to 60 kG and in the temperature range 1.4...

Preclinical evaluation of an {sup 18}F-trifluoroborate methionine derivative for glioma imaging

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Xiangyu [Medical School of Southeast University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing (China); National Institutes of Health (NIH), Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD (United States); Liu, Zhibo; Zhang, Huimin; Li, Zhu; Niu, Gang; Chen, Xiaoyuan [National Institutes of Health (NIH), Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD (United States); Munasinghe, Jeeva P. [NIH, Mouse Imaging Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD (United States); Teng, Gaojun [Medical School of Southeast University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing (China)

2018-04-15

{sup 11}C-methionine (MET) is one of the most commonly used amino acid tracers for PET imaging of brain tumors. In this study, we report an {sup 18}F-labeled boron-derived methionine analogue, denoted as {sup 18}F-B-MET, as a potential substitute of {sup 11}C-MET for glioma PET imaging. {sup 19}F-B-MET was synthesized from readily available chemicals according to our previous publication. For kit development, {sup 19}F-B-MET was aliquoted in quantities of 10 nmol for on-demand one-step labeling. The {sup 18}F-labeling was performed by {sup 18}F-{sup 19}F isotope exchange, and quality control was performed by both HPLC and radio-TLC. Uptake of the tracer was determined in GL26, C6 and U87 tumor cells. PET imaging and the biodistribution assay were performed on mice bearing subcutaneous or orthotopic C6 and U87 tumor xenografts. Starting with 740-1110 MBq {sup 18}F-fluoride, >370 MBq of {sup 18}F-B-MET was obtained in 25 min (n = 5) with >99% purity and high specific activity (>37 GBq/μmol). {sup 18}F-B-MET demonstrated excellent in vitro stability with <1% decomposition after incubation with plasma for 2 h. In vitro cell uptake assay showed that {sup 18}F-B-MET accumulated in tumor cells in a time dependent manner and could be competitively inhibited by natural methionine and other L-type transporter transported amino acids. In vivo biodistribution and imaging studies showed high tumor accumulation (2.99 ± 0.23 %ID/g, n = 6) compared with low uptake of brain (0.262 ± 0.05 %ID/g, n = 6) at 60 min after injection in a subcutaneous C6 tumor model. Orthotropic C6 and U87 tumors were clearly visualized with high tumor to brain ratios at 60 min post-injection, corroborating with tumor L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT-1) expression levels. {sup 18}F-B-MET was radiolabeled with high yield in a one-step labeling process, showed excellent pharmacokinetic properties in vivo, with high tumor-to-brain contrast. (orig.)

{sup 18}F-Labelled metomidate analogues as adrenocortical imaging agents

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Erlandsson, Maria; Karimi, Farhad [Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 576, S-751 23 Uppsala (Sweden); Lindhe, Orjan [Uppsala Imanet, GE Healthcare, Box 967, S-751 09 Uppsala (Sweden); Langstroem, Bengt [Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 576, S-751 23 Uppsala (Sweden)], E-mail: bengt.langstrom@biorg.uu.se

2009-05-15

Introduction: Two- and one-step syntheses of {sup 18}F-labelled analogues of metomidate, such as 2-[{sup 18}F]fluoroethyl 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (1), 2-[{sup 18}F]fluoroethyl 1-[(1R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (2), 2-[{sup 18}F]fluoroethyl 1-[(1R)-1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (3), 3-[{sup 18}F]fluoropropyl 1-[(1R)-1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (4) and 3-[{sup 18}F]fluoropropyl 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate (5) are presented. Methods: Analogues 1-5 were prepared by a two-step reaction sequence that started with the synthesis of either 2-[{sup 18}F]fluoroethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate or 3-[{sup 18}F]fluoropropyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate. These were used as {sup 18}F-alkylating agents in the second step, in which they reacted with the ammonium salt of a 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. One-step-labelling syntheses of 1, 2 and 5 were also explored. Analogues 1-4 were biologically validated by frozen-section autoradiography and organ distribution. Metabolite analysis was performed for 2 and 3. Results: The radiochemical yield of the two-step synthesis was in the range of 10-29% and that of the one-step synthesis was 25-37%. Using microwave irradiation in the one-step synthesis of 1 and 2 increased the radiochemical yield to 46{+-}3% and 79{+-}30%, respectively. Conclusion: Both the frozen-section autoradiography and organ distribution results indicated that analogue 2 has a potential as an adrenocortical imaging agent, having the highest degree of specific adrenal binding and best ratio of adrenal to organ uptake among the compounds studied.

F F1-ATPase as biosensor to detect single virus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, XiaoLong; Zhang, Yun; Yue, JiaChang; Jiang, PeiDong; Zhang, ZhenXi

2006-01-01

F F 1 -ATPase within chromatophore was constructed as a biosensor (immuno-rotary biosensor) for the purpose of capturing single virus. Capture of virus was based on antibody-antigen reaction. The detection of virus based on proton flux change driven by ATP-synthesis of F F 1 -ATPase, which was indicated by F1300, was directly observed by a fluorescence microscope. The results demonstrate that the biosensor loading of virus particles has remarkable signal-to-noise ratio (3.8:1) compared to its control at single molecular level, and will be convenient, quick, and even super-sensitive for detecting virus particles

Sources of carrier F-19 in F-18 fluoride