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Sample records for wims boxer structure

  1. WIMS-IJSO - An extended version of the WIMS group constant library

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Trkov, A.; Perdan, A.

    1982-11-01

    WIMS-IJSO is a preliminary extended version of the WIMS library as supplied with the CDC version of the S-WIMS-code. It is a result of the feasibility study of the possibility to update and extend the WIMS library. In the course of its preparation valuable experience was gained in understanding the definitions, the conventions and the structure of the WIMS library. This experience will be used in the preparation of an extended WIMS library for some materials from carefully chosen evaluated data. The library as supplied with the WIMS-D4 package will be used as the basis. The materials added to the library had been tested in reactor calculations and their performance was found to be satisfactory. The aim of releasing the preliminary version of the WIMS library is to allow different users to apply the data to various problems

  2. WIMS-CRNL

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Phillips, G.J.

    1982-08-01

    This report describes the preparation of the input for WIMS-CRNL, the Chalk River version of the WIMS lattice code. Also included are notes on the operation of the code, contents of the associated library, and the relation of WIMS-CRNL to other versions of the code

  3. WIMS-CRNL: A user's manual for the Chalk River version of WIMS

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Donnelly, J.V.

    1986-01-01

    This report describes the preparation of the input for WIMS-CRNL, the Chalk River version of the WIMS lattice code. Also included are notes on the operation of the code, contents of the associated libraries, and the relation of WIMS-CRNL to other versions of the code

  4. Developments within WIMS10

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Newton, Tim; Hosking, Glynn; Hutton, Les; Powney, David; Turland, Brian; Shuttleworth, Ted

    2008-01-01

    The WIMS code provides a versatile software package for neutronic calculations, which can be applied to all thermal reactor types including mixed moderator systems. It can provide lattice cell and supercell calculations to produce the neutronic libraries for use in PANTHER or other whole core analysis codes; it can also be used for a complete analysis of small reactors. WIMS provides a range of flux solution methods, including diffusion, S-n, collision probability and the method of characteristics. It can also use the MONK Monte Carlo solver and includes a hybrid perturbation solution method, MAX. WIMS allows the user to assemble a calculational route using these solvers, and a set of cross-section self-shielding methods and utility routines for data transfers and manipulation (e.g. condensation). Key data are stored on WIMS interfaces that are updated by the various processes. Development of the WIMS code has continued to extend its capabilities and its range of application. The WIMS9 code was released in 2004, which included an improved treatment of resonance self-shielding, both using equivalence and sub-group methods. The latest version of the code, WIMS10, will be released in 2008. (authors)

  5. Developments within WIMS10

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Newton, Tim; Hosking, Glynn; Hutton, Les; Powney, David; Turland, Brian; Shuttleworth, Ted [Serco, Dorchester (United Kingdom)

    2008-07-01

    The WIMS code provides a versatile software package for neutronic calculations, which can be applied to all thermal reactor types including mixed moderator systems. It can provide lattice cell and supercell calculations to produce the neutronic libraries for use in PANTHER or other whole core analysis codes; it can also be used for a complete analysis of small reactors. WIMS provides a range of flux solution methods, including diffusion, S-n, collision probability and the method of characteristics. It can also use the MONK Monte Carlo solver and includes a hybrid perturbation solution method, MAX. WIMS allows the user to assemble a calculational route using these solvers, and a set of cross-section self-shielding methods and utility routines for data transfers and manipulation (e.g. condensation). Key data are stored on WIMS interfaces that are updated by the various processes. Development of the WIMS code has continued to extend its capabilities and its range of application. The WIMS9 code was released in 2004, which included an improved treatment of resonance self-shielding, both using equivalence and sub-group methods. The latest version of the code, WIMS10, will be released in 2008. (authors)

  6. WIMS Library updating

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ravnik, M; Trkov, A [Inst. Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana (Slovenia); Holubar, A [Ustav Jaderneho Vyzkumu CSKAE, Rez (Serbia and Montenegro)

    1992-07-01

    At the end of 1990 the WIMS Library Update Project (WLUP) has been initiated at the International Atomic Energy Agency. The project was organized as an international research project, coordinated at the J. Stefan Institute. Up to now, 22 laboratories from 19 countries joined the project. Phase 1 of the project, which included WIMS input optimization for five experimental benchmark lattices, has been completed. The work presented in this paper describes also the results of Phase 2 of the Project, in which the cross sections based on ENDF/B-IV evaluated nuclear data library have been processed. (author) [Slovenian] Konec 1990 se je na Mednarodni agenciji za atomsko energijo zacel projekt obnove knjiznice presekov programa WIMS (WIMS Library Updating Project, WLUP). V projektu sodeluje 22 laboratorijev iz 19 drzav, koordiniramo pa ga na Institutu Jozef Stefan. Doslej je koncana faza 1 tega projekta, ki obsega optimizacijo vhodnega modela programa WIMS za pet eksperimentalnih testnih problemov. Podani so tudi rezultati faze 2, v kateri so se procesirali preseki na osnovi ENDF/B-IV datoteke. (author)

  7. Verification of WIMS-ANL to be used as supporting code for WIMS-CANDU development

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chung, Dai Hai; Kim, Won Young; Park, Joo Hwan

    2007-08-15

    The lattice code WIMS-ANL has been tested in order to assess it for the qualification to be used as a supporting code to aide the WIMS-CANDU development. A series of calculations have been performed to determine lattice physics parameters such as multiplication factors, isotopic number densities and coolant void reactivity. The WIMS-ANL results are compared with the predictions of WIMS-AECL/D4/D5 and PPV (POWDERPUFS-V), and the comparisons indicate that WIMS-ANL can be used not only as a supporting code to aide the WIMS-CANDU development, but also as a starting source for the study of developing detailed model that could delineate the realistic situations as it might occur during LOCA such as the asymmetric flux distribution across lattice cell.

  8. Sensitivity of 238U resonance absorption to library multigroup structure as calculated by WIMS-AECL

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Laughton, P.J.; Donnelly, J.V.

    1995-01-01

    In simulations of the TRX-1 experimental lattice, WIMS-AECL overpredicts, relative to MCNP, resonance absorption in neutron-energy groups containing the three large, low-lying resonances of 238 U when a standard ENDF/B-V-based library is used. A total excess in these groups of 4.0 neutron captures by 238 U per thousand fission neutrons has been observed. Similar comparisons are made in this work for the MIT-4 experimental lattice and simplified CANDU lattice cells containing 37-element fuel, with and without heavy-water coolant. Eleven different 89-group cross-section libraries were constructed for WIMS-AECL from ENDF/B-V data: only the neutron-energy-group boundaries used in generating multigroup cross sections and the Goldstein-Cohen correction factors differ from one library to the next. The first library uses the original 89-group structure, and the other ten involve energy groups of varying widths centred on the three large, low-lying resonances of 238 U. For TRX-1, some reduction in total discrepancy in 238 U capture can be achieved by using a new structure, although the improvement is small. The discrepancies in 238 U capture are of the same order for the MIT-4 case as those observed for TRX-1 for both the original group structure and the ten new structures. The WIMS-AECL calculation of 238 U resonance absorption in the same ranges of energy for the simplified CANDU 37-element lattice are in better agreement with MCNP than they are for TRX-1 and MIT-4: when the original structure is used, WIMS-AECL underpredicts total capture rate by 238 U in the energy range of interest by only 0.56 per thousand fission neutrons (coolant present) and 0.88 per thousand fission neutrons (voided coolant channel). The discrepancies are reduced when some of the new structures are used. For almost all of the cases considered here-TRX-1, MIT-4 and CANDU with coolant-better group-by-group agreement of 238 U capture around the 6.67-eV resonance is achieved by using a new library

  9. Multigroup cross section library; WIMS library

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kannan, Umasankari

    2000-01-01

    The WIMS library has been extensively used in thermal reactor calculations. This multigroup constants library was originally developed from the UKNDL in the late 60's and has been updated in 1986. This library has been distributed with the WIMS-D code by NEA data bank. The references to WIMS library in literature are the 'old' which is the original as developed by the AEA Winfrith and the 'new' which is the current 1986 WIMS library. IAEA has organised a CRP where a new and fully updated WIMS library will soon be available. This paper gives an overview of the definitions of the group constants that go into any basic nuclear data library used for reactor calculations. This paper also outlines the contents of the WIMS library and some of its shortcomings

  10. STUDY OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF INDIAN BOXERS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gulshan Lal Khanna

    2006-07-01

    Full Text Available The present study was conducted to study the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Indian National boxers as well as to assess the cardiovascular adaptation to graded exercise and actual boxing round. Two different studies were conducted. In the first study [N = 60, (junior boxers below-19 yrs, n = 30, (senior boxers-20-25 yrs, n = 30] different morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters were measured. In the second study (N = 21, Light Weight category- <54 kg, n = 7; Medium weight category <64 kg, n = 7 and Medium heavy weight category <75 kg, n = 7 cardiovascular responses were studied during graded exercise protocol and actual boxing bouts. Results showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05 stature, body mass, LBM, body fat and strength of back and grip in senior boxers compared to juniors. Moreover, the senior boxers possessed mesomorphic body conformation where as the juniors' possessed ectomorphic body conformation. Significantly lower (p < 0.05 aerobic capacity and anaerobic power were noted in junior boxers compared to seniors. Further, significantly higher (p < 0.05 maximal heart rates and recovery heart rates were observed in the seniors as compared to the juniors. Significantly higher maximum heart rates were noted during actual boxing compared to graded exercise. Blood lactate concentration was found to increase with the increase of workload during both graded exercise and actual boxing round. The senior boxers showed a significantly elevated (p < 0.05 levels of hemoblobin, blood urea, uric acid and peak lactate as compared to junior boxers. In the senior boxers significantly lower levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDLC were observed as compared to junior boxers. No significant change has been noted in HDLC between the groups. The age and level of training in boxing has significant effect on Aerobic, anaerobic component. The study of physiological responses during graded exercise

  11. Validation of WIMS-CANDU using Pin-Cell Lattices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Won Young; Min, Byung Joo; Park, Joo Hwan

    2006-01-01

    The WIMS-CANDU is a lattice code which has a depletion capability for the analysis of reactor physics problems related to a design and safety. The WIMS-CANDU code has been developed from the WIMSD5B, a version of the WIMS code released from the OECD/NEA data bank in 1998. The lattice code POWDERPUFS-V (PPV) has been used for the physics design and analysis of a natural uranium fuel for the CANDU reactor. However since the application of PPV is limited to a fresh fuel due to its empirical correlations, the WIMS-AECL code has been developed by AECL to substitute the PPV. Also, the WIMS-CANDU code is being developed to perform the physics analysis of the present operating CANDU reactors as a replacement of PPV. As one of the developing work of WIMS-CANDU, the U 238 absorption cross-section in the nuclear data library of WIMS-CANDU was updated and WIMS-CANDU was validated using the benchmark problems for pin-cell lattices such as TRX-1, TRX-2, Bapl-1, Bapl-2 and Bapl-3. The results by the WIMS-CANDU and the WIMS-AECL were compared with the experimental data

  12. New WIMS library generation from ENDF/B6 and effect of resonance group structure on cell parameters

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pazirandeh, Ali; Tabesh, Alireza

    2002-01-01

    Due to inaccessibility to NJOY, steps were taken to create WIMS library, which can be extracted from ENDF/B6 without using NJOY. In addition to using preprocessing codes few programs were written to calculate integral resonance, slowing down power per unit lethargy, potential scattering, and differential scattering cross section, scattering matrices. For neutrons with energy above 4 eV, isotropic elastic scattering was assumed. For neutrons below 4 eV the free gas model was used, except for light elements, which tabulated values of S(α,β) in ENDF/B6 used. The Goldstein-Cohen factors are taken from WIMKAL88.Lib. The integral resonance with self absorption per unit lethargy was obtained from GROUPIE output. The P 1 scattering matrices are calculated only for four elements, namely H, D, C and O at 300 K. In order to examine the created libraries, k eff , δ 28 , ρ 28 , ρ 25 and CR are calculated using new WIMS library, WIMKAL88.Lib and NEA329.Lib. The results showed general agreement. The controversial issue of WIMS library group structure, particularly in resonance region has raised the question of whether the number of resonance group i.e., 13 is optimized. We generated different WIMS libraries consisting of 5, 8, 13, 18 and 23 resonance groups. The main aim was to examine the effect to resonance group structure on calculated core parameters, mainly, k eff , δ 28 , ρ 28 , ρ 25 and CR. These parameters are also calculated and compared with those obtained using WIMKAL88, and NEA329 libraries. (author)

  13. Ophthalmological findings in Cameroonian boxers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kagmeni G

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Giles Kagmeni,1,2 Georges Nguefack-Tsague,3 Steve Robert Ebana Mvogo,2 Come Ebana Mvogo2,4 1Eye Department, University Teaching Hospital Yaoundé (UTHY, 2Eye Department, University of Yaoundé I, 3Public Health Department, University of Yaoundé I, 4Eye Department, Central Hospital Yaoundé, Cameroon Background: The purpose of this prospective, noncomparative consecutive study was to examine active and retired amateur boxers in order to evaluate the nature and incidence of ocular pathologic conditions related to the boxing practice. Results: A total of 35 boxers were included in this study. The mean age of the boxers was 28.09±7.57 years (range 18–52 years. Sixteen (45.7% boxers had >5 years of boxing experience. Fifteen (42.85% of the boxers reported wearing protective equipment in the bouts and sparring rounds. The number of bouts ranged from 3 to 103, with a median of 20 (interquartile range [IQR] =7–44. The percentages of wins varied from 25% to 100%, with a median of 68.29% (IQR =50.00–79.54. Most of the eye injuries recorded were minor injuries (66.66%, with subconjunctival hemorrhage being the most common (24.24%. Lid scars were the second most common lesion, accounting for 18.18% of all lesions. Sight-threatening eye lesions accounted for 33.34% of injuries and included cataracts (12.12%, lens dislocation (3.03%, pseudoexfoliation syndrome (3.03%, unilateral glaucoma (3.03%, retinal detachment (3.03%, vitreous opacity (6.06%, and lattice degeneration (3.03%. Conclusion: Boxing-related ocular traumas are common in Cameroon, and ocular surface lesions are the most common injury reported. Severe lesions are indications for premature retirement from boxing practice. Keywords: boxer, subconjunctival hemorrhage, traumatic cataract

  14. Expanding portable B-WIM technology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-06-28

    Advances in weigh-in-motion technology over the past 15 years have led to successful field application of a : commercial grade portable Bridge WIM system (B-WIM) in Europe. Under a previous UTCA Research : Project No. 07212, UTCA tested the state-of-...

  15. Model features as the basis of preparation of boxers individualization principal level (elite

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    O.J. Pavelec

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Purpose to improve the system of training boxers of higher categories (elite. Individualization of the training process using the model characteristics special physical preparedness. Materials : The study was conducted during 2000-2010. Participated boxers national team of Ukraine in the amount of 43 people. Of those honored masters of sport 6, masters of sports of international class 16, masters of sports 21. The average age of the athletes 23.5 years. Results : justified and features a specially designed model of physical fitness boxing class. It is established that the boxers middle weight classes (64 75 kg have an advantage over other boxers weight categories (light and after a hard in the development of speed and strength endurance. The presented model characteristics can guide the professional fitness boxing (elite, as representatives of the sport. Conclusions : It is established that the structure of the special physical training boxers depends on many components, such as weight category, tactical fighter role, skill level, stage of preparation.

  16. WIMS-D library update

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2007-05-01

    WIMS-D (Winfrith Improved Multigroup Scheme-D) is the name of a family of software packages for reactor lattice calculations and is one of the few reactor lattice codes in the public domain and available on noncommercial terms. WIMSD-5B has recently been released from the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency Data Bank, and features major improvements in machine portability, as well as incorporating a few minor corrections. This version supersedes WIMS-D/4, which was released by the Winfrith Technology Centre in the United Kingdom for IBM machines and has been adapted for various other computer platforms in different laboratories. The main weakness of the WIMS-D package is the multigroup constants library, which is based on very old data. The relatively good performance of WIMS-D is attributed to a series of empirical adjustments to the multigroup data. However, the adjustments are not always justified on the basis of more accurate and recent experimental measurements. Following the release of new and revised evaluated nuclear data files, it was felt that the performance of WIMS-D could be improved by updating the associated library. The WIMS-D Library Update Project (WLUP) was initiated in the early 1990s with the support of the IAEA. This project consisted of voluntary contributions from a large number of participants. Several benchmarks for testing the library were identified and analysed, the WIMSR module of the NJOY code system was upgraded and the author of NJOY accepted the proposed updates for the official code system distribution. A detailed parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of various data processing input options on the integral results. In addition, the data processing methods for the main reactor materials were optimized. Several partially updated libraries were produced for testing purposes. The final stage of the WLUP was organized as a coordinated research project (CRP) in order to speed up completion of the fully updated library

  17. The WIMS-E module W-FORTE

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roth, M.J.

    1983-09-01

    There are three distinct versions of the WIMS lattice cell program. WIMS-E is the most general, WIMSD4 is restricted to clusters or to one dimensional slab or annular geometry, and LWRWIMS is designed principally for light water reactor geometries. W-FORTE is used to transfer data from WIMSD4 or LWRWIMS to WIMS-E. A description of the W-FORTE module is given, and includes the relevant data for WIMSD4, LWRWIMS and W-FORTE. (UK)

  18. The WIMS familly of codes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Askew, J.

    1981-01-01

    WIMS-D4 is the latest version of the original form of the Winfrith Improved Multigroup Scheme, developed in 1963-5 for lattice calculations on all types of thermal reactor, whether moderated by graphite, heavy or light water. The code, in earlier versions, has been available from the NEA code centre for a number of years in both IBM and CDC dialects of FORTRAN. An important feature of this code was its rapid, accurate deterministic system for treating resonance capture in heavy nuclides, and capable of dealing with both regular pin lattices and with cluster geometries typical of pressure tube and gas cooled reactors. WIMS-E is a compatible code scheme in which each calcultation step is bounded by standard interfaces on disc or tape. The interfaces contain files of information in a standard form, restricted to numbers representing physically meaningful quantities such as cross-sections and fluxes. Restriction of code intercommunication to this channel limits the possible propagation of errors. A module is capable of transforming WIMS-D output into the standard interface form and hence the two schemes can be linked if required. LWR-WIMS was developed in 1970 as a method of calculating LWR reloads for the fuel fabricators BNFL/GUNF. It uses the WIMS-E library and a number of the same module

  19. Study of special capacity in boxers with different styles of fight

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V.V. Aksutin

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Purpose : the determination of tendency in boxer to a certain style of fight is important at all stages. Material : The special capacity in boxers with different styles of fight were studied. The special capacity and the impact force were studied by special training equipment among 23 boxers of higher qualification. The absolute and the relative strength of serial and single strikes were studied. Results : the results indicated that the absolutely impact force, the total tonnage and the relative strength of his right hand of strikes in boxers-“strongman” are more higher than in boxers with different styles. In boxers-“player” the power-hitting left-handed is more increasing for different styles. This fact indicates the presence among boxers-“player” the left-handed persons. Conclusions : the presented data are indicated about more higher of special endurance in boxers-“fastest”. This group of boxers differs from other of more higher development speed endurance

  20. WIMS Library updating

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ravnik, M.; Trkov, A.; Holubar, A.

    1992-01-01

    At the end of 1990 the WIMS Library Update Project (WLUP) has been initiated at the International Atomic Energy Agency. The project was organized as an international research project, coordinated at the J. Stefan Institute. Up to now, 22 laboratories from 19 countries joined the project. Phase 1 of the project, which included WIMS input optimization for five experimental benchmark lattices, has been completed. The work presented in this paper describes also the results of Phase 2 of the Project, in which the cross sections based on ENDF/B-IV evaluated nuclear data library have been processed. (author) [sl

  1. Development and verification of a 281-group WIMS-D library based on ENDF/B-VII.1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dong, Zhengyun; Wu, Jun; Ma, Xubo; Yu, Hui; Chen, Yixue

    2016-01-01

    Highlights: • A new WIMS-D library based on SHEM 281 energy structures is developed. • The method for calculating the lambda factor is illustrated and parameters are discussed. • The results show the improvements of this library compared with other libraries. - Abstract: The WIMS-D library based on WIMS 69 or XMAS 172 energy group structures is widely used in thermal reactor research. Otherwise, the resonance overlap effect is not taken into account in the two energy group structure, which limits the accuracy of resonance treatment. The SHEM 281 group structure is designed by the French to avoid the resonance overlap effect. In this study, a new WIMS-D library with SHEM 281 mesh is developed by using the NJOY nuclear data processing system based on the latest Evaluated Nuclear Data Library ENDF/B-VII.1. The parameters such as the thermal cut-off energy and lambda factor that depend on group structure are discussed. The lambda factor is calculated by Neutron Resonance Spectrum Calculation System and the effect of this factor is analyzed. The new library is verified through the analysis of various criticality benchmarks by using DRAGON code. The values of multiplication factor are consistent with the experiment data and the results also are improved in comparison with other WIMS libraries.

  2. Baseline simple and complex reaction times in female compared to male boxers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianco, M; Ferri, M; Fabiano, C; Giorgiano, F; Tavella, S; Manili, U; Faina, M; Palmieri, V; Zeppilli, P

    2011-06-01

    The aim of the study was to compare baseline cognitive performance of female in respect to male amateur boxers. Study population included 28 female amateur boxers. Fifty-six male boxers, matched for age, employment and competitive level to female athletes, formed the control group. All boxers had no history of head concussions (except boxing). Each boxer was requested to: 1) fulfill a questionnaire collecting demographic data, level of education, occupational status, boxing record and number of head concussions during boxing; 2) undergo a baseline computerized neuropsychological (NP) test (CogSport) measuring simple and complex reaction times (RT). Female were lighter than male boxers (56±7 vs. 73.1±9.8 kg, Pknock-outs, etc.) correlated with NP scores. Female and male Olympic-style boxers have no (or minimal) differences in baseline cognitive performance. Further research with larger series of female boxers is required to confirm these findings.

  3. The WIMS-E module W-INTER

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roth, M.J.

    1982-06-01

    W-INTER is a module of the WIMS-E scheme for neutronics calculations and has three basic functions. These are to write a standard WIMS-E interface from information read from the codeword input, to copy a standard interface and to print or punch the contents of a standard interface. (U.K.)

  4. Evaluation of WIMS-D/4 nuclear data library used on TRIGA reactor calculation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen Wei; Xie Zhongsheng; Jiang Xinbiao; Chen Da

    1997-01-01

    The 69 groups constants of H in ZrH, 166 Er and 167 Er generated by NJOY and GASKET codes are inserted into WIMS nuclear data library WIMS-CNDC and WIMS-NINT libraries used on RTIGA reactor calculation are obtained. In order to check WIMS-CNDC and WIMS-NINT libraries, the scattering cross-section is compared with that in WIMS-IJS library. The group constant, K ∞ and temperature coefficient are calculated by using WIMS-CNDC, WIMS-NINT and WIMS-IJS. The results show the both libraries are suitable for calculation of TRIGA reactor

  5. Psychophysiological states and special performance of boxers with different styles of fight

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V.V. Aksutin

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Purpose : The style of the fight is one of the important factors that affect the quality of the arts in boxing. Particularly important factor in the modern boxing are the mental processes that are involved in forecasting and analyzing the situation that arises in the ring and are associated with cognitive functions. Purpose - to examine the psychophysiological state and a special performance for skilled boxers with different styles of input match. Material : 22 highly qualification boxer aged 18-23 years were studies. The absolute and the relative strength of serial and single strikes were studied. Definition of special performance and power strokes performed on a special simulator. Recorded the absolute and relative strength of serial and single strikes. Results : The results show that the attacking style of the fight in boxing is accompanied by the presence of a high level of efficiency, reduction of fatigue, anxiety, and depending on the condition of vegetative functions. Showed a reduction in the growth of autonomy and heteronomy in the structure of psycho-physiological state of boxers with the attacking style of the fight, which indicates the presence of compromise and avoidance of external failures. Conclusions : Boxers with attacking style of fight characterized by high values of the left side impact forces and reduce the values of the right direct strike force, compared with boxers protective style of fight.

  6. 33 CFR 147.801 - Boxer Platform safety zone.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Boxer Platform safety zone. 147.801 Section 147.801 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ACTIVITIES SAFETY ZONES § 147.801 Boxer Platform safety zone. (a...

  7. WIMS-E

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Askew, J.R.; Roth, M.J.

    1982-06-01

    This report describes the WIMS-E Scheme for Neutronics Calculations. This scheme was set up to extend the existing calculational facilities in the neutronics field so as to cover a wider range of requirements and to permit more rapid changes to meet future requirements. It consists of a set of computer programs. (U.K.)

  8. A beginner's guide to the use of WIMS

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Halsall, M.J.

    1987-04-01

    The WIMS codes are widely used for calculating the characteristics of thermal reactor lattices. WIMSD has changed little since the 1960s and is most useful for pincell and cluster calculations, WIMS-E is a modular scheme with more flexibility, and LWRWIMS is specifically for PWR and BWR assembly representations. This report provides a brief introductory guide for inexperienced users of the WIMS codes. There is an introductory part to explain why and when to use WIMS, with particular reference to the advantages of deterministic methods over stochastic (Monte Carlo) methods. A few comments on which version to use are then followed by a summary of commonly used options with examples. References are given to more complete documentation describing the input in greater detail; users are expected to move on to this as they gain experience. (author)

  9. Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Aggression on Boxers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hande Baba Kaya

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available Emotional Quotient is defined as the ability to perceive, use, manage and understand the emotions, which is associated with the better psychological adjustment. Analyzing studies in the literature, an inverse relationship was observed between emotional quotient and aggressive behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this study is examining the relationship between emotional quotient and aggression on boxers. This study is important for the boxers. That is why emotion management has a great role for the success in the ring. Boxing sport is based on the technical implementation. During the game boxer must control the emotions, which push him to the aggression. If emotions are not able to control during the game, anger and aggression will prevent the success. The findings of this study will demonstrate the relationship between the sports environment and emotional intelligence, in particular inferences to be made about the boxer. The sample of their search consists of 200 boxers who do sports in the districts of Eskişehir, Zonguldak, Bolu, Bursa, Ankara, Sakarya, Gaziantep and Antalya in Turkey. In this study, variation of demographic characteristics are determined Personal Information form, Bar-on Emotional Quotient Scale to determine the emotional quotient [Bar-On 1997; Acar, 2001], and Aggression Inventory were used which was developed by Kocatürk [Kocatürk, 1982]. The relationship between emotional quotient and aggression were analyzed Pearson product moment correlation coefficients. The function of emotional intelligence explanation for aggression was tested by stepwise multiple regression analysis. According to findings of the research have meaningful negative relationship between aggression and all dimensions of the emotional quotient. In addition, coping with stress and interpersonal relationships significant size aggression scores (R2 = .26, F (2,197 = 34,252, p <.001 were found to explain. As a result, boxer aggression in terms of emotional

  10. Benchmark of WIMS-IST against MCNP for CANDU pressure tube fast fluxes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Donders, R.E.; Douglas, S.R.

    2002-01-01

    Pressure tube fast-flux data in CANDU are currently calculated using the multi-group neutron transport code WIMS-IST. In this study, the WIMS-IST fast flux calculations are benchmarked against MCNP calculations (a Monte Carlo particle transport code), over the range of fuel burnup and coolant density in CANDU. The comparison shows good agreement between WIMS and MCNP, with WIMS fast fluxes being 1.5% to 4% lower than the MCNP values. The difference is smallest for fresh fuel, and increases with burnup. The fast flux gradient across the pressure tube (factor of 1.23 from inner edge to outer edge) is accurately calculated by WIMS. When reporting fast fluxes in pressure tubes, these are generally given as >1.000 MeV fluxes. For WIMS, this requires an extra conversion step, since the WIMS ENDF/B libraries do not have a group boundary at 1 MeV. The conversion step is based on a fictitious isotope ONEMEV in the WIMS nuclear data library. The conversion factor in WIMS was found to be about one percent too high. When providing >1 MeV fluxes from WIMS, this partially compensates for the slight under prediction of the fast flux. Pressure tube >1 MeV fluxes from WIMS are therefore 0.5% to 3% lower than MCNP values. To obtain accurate fast flux data, neutron transport calculations must be performed on a critical cell. For this study, all calculations were performed with radial albedo boundary conditions giving a critical cell. This required the use of an albedo version of MCNP, developed at AECL. (author)

  11. WIMS nuclear data library and its updating

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bakhtyar, S; Salahuddin, A; Arshad, M

    1995-10-01

    This report gives a brief overview of the status of reactor physics computer code WIMS-D/4 and its library. It presents the details of WIMS-D/4 Library Update Project (WLUP), initiated by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) with the goal of providing updated nuclear data library to the user of WIMS-D/4. The WLUP was planned to be executed in several stages. In this report the calculations performed for the first stage are presented. A number of benchmarks for light water and heavy water lattices proposed by IAEA have been analysed and the results have been compared with the average of experimental values, the IAEA reference values and the average of calculated results from different international laboratories. (author) 8 figs.

  12. WIMS nuclear data library and its updating

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bakhtyar, S.; Salahuddin, A.; Arshad, M.

    1995-10-01

    This report gives a brief overview of the status of reactor physics computer code WIMS-D/4 and its library. It presents the details of WIMS-D/4 Library Update Project (WLUP), initiated by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) with the goal of providing updated nuclear data library to the user of WIMS-D/4. The WLUP was planned to be executed in several stages. In this report the calculations performed for the first stage are presented. A number of benchmarks for light water and heavy water lattices proposed by IAEA have been analysed and the results have been compared with the average of experimental values, the IAEA reference values and the average of calculated results from different international laboratories. (author) 8 figs

  13. Description of WIMS Library Update Project (WLUP)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Leszczynski, Francisco

    2002-01-01

    WIMS-D is one of the few reactor lattice codes that are in the public domain and therefore are available on non-commercial terms, for research and power nuclear reactor calculations. The main weakness of the WIMS-D package is its multi-group constants library, which is based on very old data. Relatively good performance of WIMS-D is attributed to a series of empirical adjustments to the multi-group data. However, the adjustments are not always justified by more accurate and recent experimental measurements. In view of the recently available new, or revised, evaluated nuclear data files it was felt that the performance of WIMS-D could be improved by updating its library. The WIMS-D Library Update Project (WLUP) was initiated in the early 1990's and finished in 2001. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) supported its co-ordination, but the project itself consisted of voluntary contributions from a large number of participants. In due course, several benchmarks for testing the library were identified and analyzed, the WIMSR module of the NJOY code system was upgraded, a detailed parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of various data processing input options on integral results and, the data processing methods for the main reactor materials were optimized. The final product, available on CD-ROM from NDS-IAEA includes: 69 and 172 group WIMSD libraries prepared from the selected evaluated data files, IAEA-TECDOC with detailed documentation, Processing inputs, Benchmark inputs and, the system of auxiliary codes developed under the project. (author)

  14. Brain Contusion and Cervical Fracture in a Professional Boxer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jordan, Barry D.; And Others

    1988-01-01

    This case study of an injury sustained by a 22-year old boxer who was knocked out in the ring demonstrates two aspects of medical care for boxers: the potential for cervical spine fracture and the importance of ringside emergency medical services. The injury, diagnosis, and treatment are discussed. (Author/JL)

  15. WIMS/ABBN library based on the fond-2 evaluated files

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jerdev, G.; Zabrodskaia, S.; Tsiboulia, A.; Koscheev, V.

    2001-01-01

    Description of a new system WIMS/ABBN is presented. It includes updated libraries of the WIMS/D4 code. The report involves sources and method of their creation, analysis and comparison of results at different tests also. Second path of the work is the development of the burnup library at WIMS system. As the result it was made a new system of burnup which new capabilities are shown. (authors)

  16. Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury in Amateur Boxers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Rahmati

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available Introduction & objective: Despite of young and adolescence intent to the boxing sport, because of dominant aggression and direct blows contact to head, face and central nervous system, it is continuously criticize by different groups. The groups of sporting and physician conventions are distinguished boxing with physical and neuropsychological disorders and some groups believe that side effects of this sport are not more than other sports. For this base the aim of this study was to determine the chronic traumatic brain injury in a group amateur boxers.Materials & Methods: In a case-control study, three groups of sport men were considered, each group contained 20 randomly selected cases. The first group were amateur boxers with 4 years minimal activity(directly has been presented to the head blows, second group were amateur soccer players with 4 years minimal activity(has been presented to the not very severe head blows, third group were non athlete subjects .The groups were matched in weight, height, age and education .To understand brain disorder interview by medicine method has been used, then Wiskancin, Bonardele, Bender geshtalt, Kim karad visual memory, Benton and wechler memory (Alef type tests has been performed and EEG has got in the same hour and condition.Results: The homogeneity of between group variances was gained by the statistical method. Also between structural–visual abilities neuropsychological aspect in groups, significant difference has been gained (p= 0.000. In Kim karad visual memory test at the mild and long term visual memory deficit, significant differences between three groups was observed (P= 0.000, P=0.009 that least score has been belonged to the boxers. Also in boxers 6 abnormal EEGs is observed.Conclusion: It can be said that of four years amateur boxing can affect on boxers visual and memory perception and their spatial orientation. Additionally our study have showed that amateur boxing has a significant

  17. Current status of the reactor physics code WIMS and recent developments

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lindley, B.A.; Hosking, J.G.; Smith, P.J.; Powney, D.J.; Tollit, B.S.; Newton, T.D.; Perry, R.; Ware, T.C.; Smith, P.N.

    2017-01-01

    Highlights: • The current status of the WIMS reactor physics code is presented. • Applications range from 2D lattice calculations up to 3D whole core geometries. • Gamma transport and thermal-hydraulic feedback models added. • Calculations methodologies described for several Gen II, III and IV reactor types. - Abstract: The WIMS modular reactor physics code has been under continuous development for over fifty years. This paper discusses the current status of WIMS and recent developments, in particular developments to the resonance shielding methodology and 3D transport solvers. Traditionally, WIMS is used to perform 2D lattice calculations, typically to generate homogenized reactor physics parameters for a whole core code such as PANTHER. However, with increasing computational resources there has been a growing trend for performing transport calculations on larger problems, up to and including 3D full core models. To this end, a number of the WIMS modules have been parallelised to allow efficient performance for whole core calculations, and WIMS includes a 3D method of characteristics solver with reflective and once-through tracking methods, which can be used to analyse problems of varying size and complexity. A time-dependent flux solver has been incorporated and thermal-hydraulic modelling capability is also being added to allow steady-state and transient coupled calculations to be performed. WIMS has been validated against a range of experimental data and other codes, in particular for water and graphite moderated thermal reactors. Future developments will include improved parallelization, enhancing the thermal-hydraulic feedback models and validating the WIMS/PANTHER code system for BWRs and fast reactors.

  18. Prevalence and risk factors of Parkinson's disease in retired Thai traditional boxers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lolekha, Praween; Phanthumchinda, Kammant; Bhidayasiri, Roongroj

    2010-09-15

    Boxing is often believed to be a frequent cause for parkinsonism caused by chronic repetitive head injury, with Muhammad Ali frequently cited as an example. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) in retired Thai traditional boxers. Two standardized screening questionnaires were sent to all registered Thai traditional boxers. Subjects who screened positive for parkinsonism were invited for clinical examinations by two independent neurologists. Among 704 boxers (70%) who completed the questionnaires, 8 boxers (1.14%) had parkinsonism: 5 with PD, 1 with progressive supranuclear palsy and 2 with vascular parkinsonism. Boxers with PD were found to have an older mean age than those without PD (P = 0.003). The analysis of probable risk factors disclosed an association between the number of professional bouts (>100 times) and PD (P = 0.01). The crude prevalence of PD in Thai boxers was 0.71% (95% CI: 0.09-1.33), with a significant increase with age. The prevalence rate of PD in those aged 50 and above was 0.17% (95% CI: 0.15-0.20), age-adjusted to the USA 1970 census, which is comparable to that of the general populations. The analysis determined that the number of professional bouts is a risk factor among these boxers, supporting the notion that repetitive head trauma may pose an additional risk to certain individuals who are already susceptible to PD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.

  19. The changes in boxer's coordination capability indices due to the implementing acrobatic and aerobic elements

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zinchenko I. A.

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Influence of acrobatic exercises is rotined on the co-ordinating capabilities of boxers and roles of acrobatics in the training process of boxers. In an experiment two groups of boxers took part in age 16-20 years. The uses of acrobatic elements given about efficiency are presented by sportsmen for the improvement of indexes and the increase of level is special technical activity of boxers. The changes of development of co-ordinating capabilities of boxers are rotined with the use in the training process of facilities of aerobics and acrobatics.

  20. A survey of dystocia in the Boxer breed

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Persson Gunilla

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Dystocia occurs more commonly in some breeds of dogs than others. The Boxer breed is one of the highrisk breeds for whelping problems. The aim of this study was to document some reproductive parameters and the frequency of dystocia in Boxers. Methods Two questionnaires were sent to the breeders of Boxers in Sweden during 1994 to 1997. Data from 253 whelpings and 1671 pups was received, which constitutes 56.5% of all Boxer litters registered with the Swedish Kennel Club during these years. Data was analysed using Chi-square test, and Fischer's exact test. Results Dystocia occurred in 32% of the individual bitches, and in 27.7% of all the whelpings. Caesarian section was performed in 22.8% of all the whelpings and in 80.1% of the cases of dystocia. Medical treatment was tried in 20 cases but was successful only in 5 (25%. The dystocia was of maternal origin in 68.6% and of fetal origin in 28.6% of cases. The most common reasons for dystocia were primary uterine inertia (60% and malpresentation of the fetus (26%. Dystocia increased with increasing age of the bitch from four years of age. Average litter size was 6.6 (± 2.2 pups born, and 5.0 (± 2.1 pups registered. Pup mortality was 24%. Stillbirths accounted for 6.1% of the pup deaths and 1% died in the neonatal period, while 15.6% of the pups were euthanised, the majority because they had disqualifying white coat colour. Cryptorchidism was observed in 9.8% of the male pups born and in 13.4% of the male pups that were registered. Conclusion The Boxer suffers a high frequency of dystocia, mainly due to uterine inertia, but also fetal malpresentation. Breeders should be adviced to include easy whelpings in their breeding program.

  1. A survey of dystocia in the Boxer breed

    Science.gov (United States)

    Linde Forsberg, Catharina; Persson, Gunilla

    2007-01-01

    Background Dystocia occurs more commonly in some breeds of dogs than others. The Boxer breed is one of the highrisk breeds for whelping problems. The aim of this study was to document some reproductive parameters and the frequency of dystocia in Boxers. Methods Two questionnaires were sent to the breeders of Boxers in Sweden during 1994 to 1997. Data from 253 whelpings and 1671 pups was received, which constitutes 56.5% of all Boxer litters registered with the Swedish Kennel Club during these years. Data was analysed using Chi-square test, and Fischer's exact test. Results Dystocia occurred in 32% of the individual bitches, and in 27.7% of all the whelpings. Caesarian section was performed in 22.8% of all the whelpings and in 80.1% of the cases of dystocia. Medical treatment was tried in 20 cases but was successful only in 5 (25%). The dystocia was of maternal origin in 68.6% and of fetal origin in 28.6% of cases. The most common reasons for dystocia were primary uterine inertia (60%) and malpresentation of the fetus (26%). Dystocia increased with increasing age of the bitch from four years of age. Average litter size was 6.6 (± 2.2) pups born, and 5.0 (± 2.1) pups registered. Pup mortality was 24%. Stillbirths accounted for 6.1% of the pup deaths and 1% died in the neonatal period, while 15.6% of the pups were euthanised, the majority because they had disqualifying white coat colour. Cryptorchidism was observed in 9.8% of the male pups born and in 13.4% of the male pups that were registered. Conclusion The Boxer suffers a high frequency of dystocia, mainly due to uterine inertia, but also fetal malpresentation. Breeders should be adviced to include easy whelpings in their breeding program. PMID:17376241

  2. The collision probability modules of WIMS-E

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roth, M.J.

    1985-04-01

    This report describes how flat source first flight collision probabilities are calculated and used in the WIMS-E modular program. It includes a description of the input to the modules W-FLU, W-THES, W-PIP, W-PERS and W-MERGE. Input to other collision probability modules are described in separate reports. WIMS-E is capable of calculating collision probabilities in a wide variety of geometries, some of them quite complicated. It can also use them for a variety of purposes. (author)

  3. Women boxers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Gems, Gerald; Pfister, Gertrud Ursula

    2014-01-01

    of women as the weak sex. Vaudeville provided women with an opportunity to present physical performances that surpassed the restrictions placed on women within the mainstream middle-class society. This article includes biographical sketches of some of the outstanding female boxers of the era by drawing......This article fills a gap in the very limited literature on women's boxing by examining the gendered space in which women engaged in the sport as participants in saloons, vaudeville theatres and the prize ring. In doing so, they challenged the contemporary gender order and disputed the notion...

  4. The features of perception and processing of visual information in boxers with different style of match.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Korobeynikov G.V.

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available We examined 22 boxers qualifications aged 18-23 years, divided into two groups by their style of fight: attack and defensive. Revealed that the attacking style of the fight in boxing is accompanied by the presence of high-level performance, decrease fatigue, anxiety and dependence on the autonomic functions. The lowering of autonomy and growth heteronomnosti in the structure of psycho-physiological condition of boxers from attacking style of match, indicating the presence compromise prevention and external failure.

  5. Brainstem auditory-evoked potential in Boxer dogs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariana Isa Poci Palumbo

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Brainstem auditory-evoked potential (BAEP has been widely used for different purposes in veterinary practice and is commonly used to identify inherited deafness and presbycusis. In this study, 43 Boxer dogs were evaluated using the BAEP. Deafness was diagnosed in 3 dogs (2 bilateral and 1 unilateral allowing the remaining 40 Boxers to be included for normative data analysis including an evaluation on the influence of age on the BAEP. The animals were divided into 2 groups of 20 Boxers each based on age. The mean age was 4.54 years (range, 1-8 in group I, and 9.83 years (range, 8.5-12 in group II. The mean latency for I, III, and V waves were 1.14 (±0.07, 2.64 (±0.11, and 3.48 (±0.10 ms in group I, and 1.20 (±0.12, 2.73 (±0.15, and 3.58 (±0.22 ms in group II, respectively. The mean inter-peak latencies for the I-III, III-V and I-V intervals were 1.50 (±0.15, 0.84 (±0.15, and 2.34 (±0.11 ms in group I, and 1.53 (±0.16, 0.85 (±0.15, and 2.38 (±0.19 ms in group II, respectively. Latencies of waves I and III were significant different between group I and II. For the I-III, III-V and I-V intervals, no significant differences were observed between the 2 groups. As far as we know, this is the first normative study of BAEP obtained from Boxer dogs.

  6. Neurological assessment and its relationship to CSF biomarkers in amateur boxers.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanna Neselius

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI or concussion is common in many sports. Today, neuropsychological evaluation is recommended in the monitoring of a concussion and in return-to-play considerations. To investigate the sensitivity of neuropsychological assessment, we tested amateur boxers post bout and compared with controls. Further the relationship between neuropsychological test results and brain injury biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF were investigated. METHOD: Thirty amateur boxers on high elite level with a minimum of 45 bouts and 25 non-boxing matched controls were included. Memory tests (Rey Osterrieth Complex Figure, Listening Span, Digit Span, Controlled Word Association Test, and computerized testing of episodic memory, tests of processing speed and executive functions (Trail Making, Reaction Time, and Finger Tapping were performed and related to previously published CSF biomarker results for the axonal injury marker neurofilament light (NFL. RESULTS: The neurological assessment showed no significant differences between boxers and controls, although elevated CSF NFL, as a sign of axonal injury, was detected in about 80% of the boxers 1-6 days post bout. The investigation of the relationship between neuropsychological evaluation and CSF NFL concentrations revealed that boxers with persisting NFL concentration elevation after at least 14 days resting time post bout, had a significantly poorer performance on Trail Making A (p = 0.041 and Simple Reaction Time (p = 0.042 compared to other boxers. CONCLUSION: This is the first study showing traumatic axonal brain injury can be present without measureable cognitive impairment. The repetitive, subconcussive head trauma in amateur boxing causes axonal injury that can be detected with analysis of CSF NFL, but is not sufficient to produce impairment in memory tests, tests of processing speed, or executive functions. The association of prolonged CSF NFL increase in

  7. About the way of choice of conduct of boxer in competition activity

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arkhangorodskiy Z.S.

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available The features of emotional perception of colour tones are considered for boxers. In researches took part 122 examinee. In an experiment was used eightcolour test. Information is generalized about the choice of colour tones in 14 researches. It is rotined that the emotional choice of colour tones depends on the situation factors of sporting activity and individual features of boxers. It is set that between the emotional preference of colour tones and style of battle activity of boxer there is close intercommunication.

  8. Development of square and hexagonal lattice analysis capability in WIMS-AECL

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Donnelly, J.V.

    1990-11-01

    WIMS, originally developed by the UKAEA (Winfrith), is a widely used computer code for reactor physics analysis of lattice cells. WIMS-AECL (Atomic Energy of Canada Limited) has been developed from a version of the code received from Winfrith in the early 1970s and is generally used within AECL. The facilities existing in the original version of WIMS were very capable for the analysis of reactor designs normally encountered within AECL at that time, such as CANDU fuel lattices, but had limitations in the analysis of more general reactor geometries, such as square light-reactor assemblies. This paper discusses the development and testing of modifications to the two-dimensional collision-probability calculation module in WIMS-AECL to enable more rigorous analysis of lattice geometries based on square or hexagonal cells

  9. Production of application libraries for WIMS

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dean, C.J.

    1996-01-01

    The WIMS codes have been developed over a period of 30 years to include sophisticated modelling of many thermal reactor lattices. WIMS6 is currently being developed to include the flexibility of WIMSE together with the case of use seen in LWRWIMS. A new cross-section library is to be released with WIMS6. For the first time since the original WIMSD was written, the library is being generated from completely new differential data based mainly on JEF2.2. Quality Assurance into the XMAS library is achieved in three levels; through general procedures during assembly, by validation studies and by verification. The main general procedure involves forming overall physics quantities (Thermal average cross section, resonance integrals and fission spectrum average values) from the point evaluations and comparing them with similar quantities from the XMAS library. Examples of validation are studies optimizing the background cross-sections at which resonance integrals are tabulated and comparing reaction rates from homogeneous calculations with those formed in Monte Carlo and deterministic codes which represent energy variation of cross-section on a hyperfine energy mesh. Verification involves performing benchmark calculations and comparing results with experiment and calculations with the Apollo code. The current XMAS library contains 140 nuclides based on JEF2.2 evaluations. (author)

  10. Late Onset of Cerebellar Abiotrophy in a Boxer Dog

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanjeev Gumber

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Cerebellar abiotrophy is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system and has been reported in humans and animals. This case report documents clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings of cerebellar abiotrophy in an adult Boxer dog. A 3.5-year-old, female, tan Boxer dog presented with a six-week history of left-sided head tilt. Neurological examination and additional diagnostics during her three subsequent visits over 4.5 months revealed worsening of neurological signs including marked head pressing, severe proprioceptive deficits in all the four limbs, loss of menace response and palpebral reflex in the left eye, and a gradual seizure lasting one hour at her last visit. Based on the immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein and histopathological examination of cerebellum, cerebellar cortical abiotrophy was diagnosed. This is the first reported case of cerebellar abiotrophy in a Boxer dog to our knowledge.

  11. A comparison of lattice parameters for CANDU-type lattices obtained using MCNP, WIMS, and WIMS with resonance reaction rates from MCNP

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Craig, D.S.

    1989-03-01

    The Monte Carlo code MCNP was used to check the accuracy of the WIMS calculation of the resolved resonance capture rate in CANDU-type lattices. Reactivities, relative conversion ratios, and fast fission factors are compared with experiments. Values of ρ 28 and reaction rates for U-238 are given as a function of position in the fuel bundle. A check was made on the correction made in WIMS to allow for endcaps on the fuel bundles. (26 refs)

  12. Feasibility study on application of WIMS-AECL to Wolsong-1 refueling simulation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Y.; Lee, S.

    2005-01-01

    'Full text:' At present, in Wolsong nuclear power plant, all of the reactor physics calculations are based on the cell code POWDERPUFS-V (PPV). PPV code use semi-empirical approximation rather than direct solving of transport equation with robust methodology. Switch from PPV to more robust transport solver is world-wide trend in addition to GAI issued from Canadian regulatory body (CNSC). In this paper, feasibility study on the replacement of cell code POWDERPUFS-V (PPV) with WIMS-AECL was performed for Wolsong-1 NPP. The impact of the cell code replacement on physics design parameters and refueling simulation was assessed. First, fuel isotopic composition affecting core reactivity is compared between PPV and WIMS-AECL. Generally it was shown that WIMS-AECL predicts higher uranium fissile concentration while less plutonium concentration as fuel burnup increases compared with prediction of PPV. Infinite multiplication factor of WIMS-AECL is slightly less predicted than that of PPV. Also core reactivity change from operating condition change such as moderator temperature, coolant temperature, fuel temperature and coolant density were compared for both fresh fuel and equilibrium fuel. Specially the analysis of void reactivity which is current hot issue for positive reactivity insertion in LOCA was also performed. As a result of this study, all of WIMS-AECL results were similar to PPV based calculation in the fresh fuel. However, there is a tendency that the deviation between the two codes increases as the fuel burn-up increases. This is because PPV code was made from the laboratory condition with fresh fuel and low fuel temperature. Second, refueling simulation with WIMS-AECL based RFSP was tried to compare with current PPV based RFSP simulation for about 20 months (5775FPD ∼ 6324FPD). To cover wide range of operating parameter condition such as purity of moderator and coolant and boron concentration, tremendous amount of computation time is needed with WIMS

  13. The WIMSLIB library - neutron data library for WIMS-D

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Ping

    1998-05-01

    During a visit to the IAEA Nuclear Data Section from 13 June to 12 December 1997, the author processed the Chinese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library (CENDL), Version 2.1, using the NJOY Nuclear Data Processing System, Version 94.105, to generate the working library WIMSLIB for input to WIMS-D/4 and WIMS-D/5A. The WIMSLIB library was then used to perform benchmark testing of CENDL-2.1. (author)

  14. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in Boxer dogs is associated with calstabin2 deficiency

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oyama, Mark A.; Reiken, Steve; Lehnart, Stephan E.; Chittur, Sridar V.; Meurs, Kathryn M.; Stern, Joshua; Marks, Andrew R.

    2010-01-01

    Objective To examine the presence and effect of calstabin2-deficiency in Boxer dogs with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Animals Thirteen Boxer dogs with ARVC. Materials and methods Tissue samples were collected for histopathology, oligonucleotide microarray, PCR, immunoelectrophoresis, ryanodine channel immunoprecipitation and single-channel recordings, and calstabin2 DNA sequencing. Results In cardiomyopathic Boxer dogs, myocardial calstabin2 mRNA and protein were significantly decreased as compared to healthy control dogs (calstabin2 protein normalized to tetrameric cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) complex: affected, 0.51 ± 0.04; control, 3.81 ± 0.22; P canine calstabin2 gene did not identify any causative mutations. Conclusions Calstabin2 deficiency is a potential mechanism of Ca2+ leak-induced ventricular arrhythmias and heart disease in Boxer dogs with ARVC. PMID:18515204

  15. The influence of emotional stress on Doppler-derived aortic peak velocity in boxer dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pradelli, D; Quintavalla, C; Crosta, M C; Mazzoni, L; Oliveira, P; Scotti, L; Brambilla, P; Bussadori, C

    2014-01-01

    Subaortic stenosis (SAS) is a common congenital heart disease in Boxers. Doppler-derived aortic peak velocity (AoPV) is a diagnostic criterion for the disease. To investigate the influence of emotional stress during echocardiographic examination on AoPV in normal and SAS-affected Boxers. To evaluate the effects of aortic root diameters on AoPV in normal Boxers. DOGS: Two hundred and fifteen normal and 19 SAS-affected Boxers. The AoPV was recorded at the beginning of echocardiographic examination (T0), and when the emotional stress of the dog was assumed to decrease based on behavioral parameters and heart rate (T1). AoPV0-AoPV1 was calculated. In normal dogs, stroke volume index was calculated at T0 and T1. Aortic root diameters were measured and their relationship with AoPV and AoPV0-AoPV1 was evaluated. In normal dogs, AoPV was higher at T0 (median, 1.95 m/s; range, 1.60-2.50 m/s) than at T1 (median, 1.76 m/s; range, 1.40-2.20 m/s; P dogs, AoPV0 was higher than AoPV1 (P < .0001; reduction 7.3%). Aortic peak velocity was affected by emotional stress during echocardiographic examination both in SAS-affected and normal Boxers. In normal Boxers, aortic root size weakly affected AoPVs, but did not affect AoPV0-AoPV1. Stroke volume seems to play a major role in stress-related AoPV increases in normal Boxers. Emotional stress should be taken into account when screening for SAS in the Boxer breed. Copyright © 2014 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

  16. On the difference between DRAGON and WIMS-AECL calculations of the coolant void reactivity

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Altiparmakov, D.; Roubtsov, D.; Irish, J.D.

    2009-01-01

    A difference in the shape of the burnup dependence of the coolant void reactivity (CVR) has been observed between DRAGON and WIMS-AECL calculations. This paper discusses the root cause of the difference and assesses the impact on burnup and full-core reactor calculations. A Fortran procedure has been developed to run WIMS-AECL as necessary in order to mimic DRAGON burnup calculations with leakage effects included. The comparison of standard WIMS-AECL results and simulated DRAGON results demonstrated that the difference is due to different definitions of CVR. If the same CVR definition is used, then the results of both WIMS-AECL and DRAGON analyses are essentially indistinguishable. The discrepancies in the fuel composition and cell-averaged two-group cross sections that are due to differences in WIMS-AECL and DRAGON leakage treatments are insignificant. (author)

  17. Dynamics of psychophysiological state of the boxers influenced by the standard of specialized demands of specialized basic training

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V.P. Martsiv

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Examined the psychophysiological state of boxers with 9 types of reactions to the anticipation stage of the specialized basic training. In the experiment involved 18 male boxers aged 18-20 years. We investigated the dynamics of the reactions of anticipation in boxers under the influence of standard specialized loads. In the main part of the session boxers improved individual series 4-5 shock the boxing bag with the installation of the most strongly and quickly strike (loading dose - 9 rounds of 3 minutes each with an interval of 1 minute rest. Upon completion of the boxers performed strength training with weightlifting neck and stuffed ball. The regularities of the occurrence of each type of response in this group of athletes, provides a way of their use as criteria for assessing the psycho-physiological state of boxers.

  18. Methodology and application of the WIMS-D4M fission product data

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mo, S.C.

    1995-01-01

    The WIMS-D4 code has been modified (WIMS-D4m) to generate burn-up dependent microscopic cross sections for use in full core depletion calculations. The calculation of neutron absorption by fission products can be obtained from a reduced fission-product-chain model that includes the 135 Xe and 149 Sm chains, and a lumped fission product to account for the absorption by fission products not explicitly treated. Burn-up calculations were performed for the ANS MEU core using WIMS and EPRI-CELL cross sections. The calculated eigenvalues and material loadings are in good agreements

  19. Specific descriptions of functional providing of the special endurance of boxers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S.B. Kiprich

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Purpose: to determine the specific characteristics of functional and metabolic support of special endurance of qualified boxers. Material: in research took part 16 boxers of high qualification at the age of 19-26 years. To estimate special endurance is used technique of detection the basic parameters of performance boxers "Spuderg-10." To estimate the response of cardiorespiratory system during the test "3x3" is used portable ergo-spirometry complex «Meta Max 3B» (Cortex, Germany. Results: It is shown that the range of individual distinctions of indexes of capacity and functional providing of the special endurance increased in every round under act of accumulation of fatigue. It is related to distinctions of kinetics of the cardiorespiratory system (by the increase of pulmonary ventilation in the first round, by the consumption of О 2 (by a capacity for the achievement of VO 2 max - in the second and by power of reaction of respiratory indemnification of metabolic acidosis - in the third. These distinctions are registered in default of reliable distinctions of quantitative descriptions of acidemic changes in an organism, increasing in the process of the test job processing. Conclusions: in different periods (rounds in boxers high grade found differences of manifestation and combinations of properties features of functional readiness.

  20. WIMS library update project: first stage extension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Santo, A.C.F. de; Santos Bastos, W. dos.

    1994-09-01

    This paper reports the results of nine structural lattices obtained through the WIMS-TRACA computer program. This work was performed by request of the managers of the WLU/IAEA project, for the extension of the first stage. These benchmark lattices include regular arrays with heavy water and data of the thorium cycle. Besides K ∞ and K eff (employing the experimental buckling to account for the leakages) spectrum index and ratio at reaction rates are also determined for comparison with the experimental values. The input data for each lattice, are given in the appendix to help exploring possible differences in the results. (author). 4 refs, 1 fig, 11 tabs

  1. Boxers--computed tomography, EEG, and neurological evaluation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ross, R.J.; Cole, M.; Thompson, J.S.; Kim, K.H.

    1983-01-01

    During the last three years, 40 ex-boxers were examined to determine the effects of boxing in regard to their neurological status and the computed tomographic (CT) appearance of the brain. Thirty-eight of these patients had a CT scan of the brain, and 24 had a complete neurological examination including an EEG. The results demonstrate a significant relationship between the number of bouts fought and CT changes indicating cerebral atrophy. Positive neurological findings were not significantly correlated with the number of bouts. Electroencephalographic abnormalities were significantly correlated with the number of bouts fought. Computed tomography and EEG of the brain should be considered as part of a regular neurological examination for active boxers and, if possible, before and after each match, to detect not only the effects of acute life-threatening brain trauma such as subdural hematomas and brain hemorrhages, but the more subtle and debilitating long-term changes of cerebral atrophy

  2. The technical-tactical preparation of the boxers from Sancti Spíritus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Manuel García Hernández

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available The investigative work presented is part of the daily work of the group of trainers that works in the Provincial Boxing Academy in the province of Sancti Spíritus. The problem investigated responds to the technological demands that exist at the provincial level, with the objective of applying a set of technical-tactical actions to raise the level of preparation of the boxers of Sancti Spiritus that allows to obtain satisfactory results in the competitive order. The diagnosis was developed based on the results of the technical tests of the participation of the boxers from Sancti Spiritus in the Playa Girón National Championships in the 2013-2016 cycle. The final results are compared with those issued by the specialists of the National Technical Commission in the present Playa Girón National Championship held in December 2017, in the Sala Yara of the Province of Sancti Spíritus. The population that used for this investigation is made up of 20 elite category boxers from the province of Sancti Spíritus. The achievements correspond to the work done collectively and individually from the shortcomings and potentials presented by the investigated boxers from Sancti Spiritus. Therefore, it was possible to demonstrate that taking into account the behavior of the main dimensions and indicators of the technical tests, good competitive results can be obtained and that it facilitated the differentiated work with each boxer taking into account the scientific and technical advances at our disposal. In order to comply with this research, theoretical, empirical and mathematical methods were used; among them we can mention: Historical-logical, synthesis analysis, inductive deductive, observation, interview, pre-experiment and descriptive statistics.

  3. Numerical verification of B-WIM system using reaction force signals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chang, Sung Jin; Kim, Nam Sik

    2012-01-01

    Bridges are ones of fundamental facilities for roads which become social overhead capital facilities and they are designed to get safety in their life cycles. However as time passes, bridge can be damaged by changes of external force and traffic environments. Therefore, a bridge should be repaired and maintained for extending its life cycle. The working load on a bridge is one of the most important factors for safety, it should be calculated accurately. The most important load among working loads is live load by a vehicle. Thus, the travel characteristics and weight of vehicle can be useful for bridge maintenance if they were estimated with high reliability. In this study, a B-WIM system in which the bridge is used for a scale have been developed for measuring the vehicle loads without the vehicle stop. The vehicle loads can be estimated by the developed B-WIM system with the reaction responses from the supporting points. The algorithm of developed B-WIM system have been verified by numerical analysis

  4. The WIMS-E module W-PROC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roth, M.J.; Harris, D.W.G.

    1980-07-01

    The program W-PROC is a module of the WIMS-E Scheme for neutronics calculations. W-PROC calculates collision probabilities for a system consisting of spherical grains packed in annular geometry, such as the fuel in a high temperature gas cooled reactor. This report describes the modelling approximations made and gives instructions for using the program. (U.K.)

  5. Analysis of B-WIM Signals acquired in Millau Orthotropic Viaduct Using Statistical Classification

    OpenAIRE

    IENG, Sio Song; ZERMANE, Abderraouf; SCHMIDT, Franziska; JACOB, Bernard

    2012-01-01

    Les systèmes B-WIM classiques sont généralement fondés sur les travaux de Moses utilisant la notion de la ligne d'influence. Ces systèmes ont été testés avec succès sur les ponts en béton à travers le monde. Ce papier s'intéresse aux travaux de recherche concernant l'utilisation d'un système B-WIM sur le viaduc de Millau qui est un pont à haubans avec une à dalle orthotrope. Nous montrons d'abord qu'un système de B-WIM ne peut pas être utilisé directement sur ce type de pont sans adaptation d...

  6. WIMSTAR-4: a computer program for generating WIMS library data from ENDF/B

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wilkin, G.B.

    1981-08-01

    WIMSTAR (Version 4) is a FORTRAN-IV computer program developed to generate data files for the WIMS lattice code library from the ENDF/B data base. The program must be used in conjunction with the AMPX-II system and has been designed for implementation as a module of that system. This report describes the structure, implementation and use of the AMPX/WIMSTAR system

  7. WIMS-IST/DRAGON-IST side-step calculation of reactivity device and structural material incremental cross sections for Wolsong NPP Unit 1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dahmani, M.; McArthur, R.; Kim, B.G.; Kim, S.M.; Seo, H.-B.

    2008-01-01

    This paper describes the calculation of two-group incremental cross sections for all of the reactivity devices and incore structural materials for an RFSP-IST full-core model of Wolsong NPP Unit 1, in support of the conversion of the reference plant model to two energy groups. This is of particular interest since the calculation used the new standard 'side-step' approach, which is a three-dimensional supercell method that employs the Industry Standard Toolset (IST) codes DRAGON-IST and WIMS-IST with the ENDF/B-VI nuclear data library. In this technique, the macroscopic cross sections for the fuel regions and the device material specifications are first generated using the lattice code WIMS-IST with 89 energy groups. DRAGON-IST then uses this data with a standard supercell modelling approach for the three-dimensional calculations. Incremental cross sections are calculated for the stainless-steel adjuster rods (SS-ADJ), the liquid zone control units (LZCU), the shutoff rods (SOR), the mechanical control absorbers (MCA) and various structural materials, such as guide tubes, springs, locators, brackets, adjuster cables and support bars and the moderator inlet nozzle deflectors. Isotopic compositions of the Zircaloy-2, stainless steel and Inconel X-750 alloys in these items are derived from Wolsong NPP Unit 1 history dockets. Their geometrical layouts are based on applicable design drawings. Mid-burnup fuel with no moderator poison was assumed. The incremental cross sections and key aspects of the modelling are summarized in this paper. (author)

  8. Upgrades to the WIMS-ANL code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Woodruff, W. L.

    1998-01-01

    The dusty old source code in WIMS-D4M has been completely rewritten to conform more closely with current FORTRAN coding practices. The revised code contains many improvements in appearance, error checking and in control of the output. The output is now tabulated to fit the typical 80 column window or terminal screen. The Segev method for resonance integral interpolation is now an option. Most of the dimension limitations have been removed and replaced with variable dimensions within a compile-time fixed container. The library is no longer restricted to the 69 energy group structure, and two new libraries have been generated for use with the code. The new libraries are both based on ENDF/B-VI data with one having the original 69 energy group structure and the second with a 172 group structure. The common source code can be used with PCs using both Windows 95 and NT, with a Linux based operating system and with UNIX based workstations. Comparisons of this version of the code to earlier evaluations with ENDF/B-V are provided, as well as, comparisons with the new libraries

  9. Upgrades to the WIMS-ANL code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Woodruff, W.L.; Leopando, L.S.

    1998-01-01

    The dusty old source code in WIMS-D4M has been completely rewritten to conform more closely with current FORTRAN coding practices. The revised code contains many improvements in appearance, error checking and in control of the output. The output is now tabulated to fit the typical 80 column window or terminal screen. The Segev method for resonance integral interpolation is now an option. Most of the dimension limitations have been removed and replaced with variable dimensions within a compile-time fixed container. The library is no longer restricted to the 69 energy group structure, and two new libraries have been generated for use with the code. The new libraries are both based on ENDF/B-VI data with one having the original 69 energy group structure and the second with a 172 group structure. The common source code can be used with PCs using both Windows 95 and NT, with a Linux based operating system and with UNIX based workstations. Comparisons of this version of the code to earlier evaluations with ENDF/B-V are provided, as well as, comparisons with the new libraries. (author)

  10. Genetic testing of canine degenerative myelopathy in the South African Boxer dog population

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gareth E. Zeiler

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Canine degenerative myelopathy (DM is a progressive disease process that is diagnosed late in life and mainly affects the pelvic limbs. Factors that make an ante-mortem definitive diagnosis of DM include: an insidious onset and clinical manifestation that mimics other disease processes of the pelvic limbs (hip dysplasia, cranial cruciate ligament rupture, etc. or there may even be concurrent disease processes, old-age onset and lack of reliable diagnostic methods. Until recently, South African dog owners had to submit samples to laboratories overseas for genetic testing in order to confirm an affected dog (homozygous A/A and to aid in the ante-mortem diagnosis of DM. Only affected dogs have been confirmed to manifest the clinical signs of DM. This study aimed to verify whether genetic testing by a local genetic laboratory was possible in order to detect a missense mutation of the superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1 that is implicated in causing the clinical signs of DM. The study also aimed to detect and map the inheritance of this disease process in a local Boxer dog population where the pedigree of the sampled population was known. Venous blood collected from Boxer dogs using a simple random sampling technique. The samples were genotyped for the SOD1:c.118G>A polymorphism. Carrier and affected Boxer dogs were detected. A pedigree that demonstrated the significance of inheriting a carrier or affected state in the population was mapped. The present study concludes that genotyping of the missense mutation in Boxer dogs is possible in South Africa. There are carrier and affected Boxer dogs in the local population, making DM a plausible diagnosis in aged dogs presenting with pelvic limb pathology.

  11. Reliability of Urinary Dehydration Markers in Elite Youth Boxers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zubac, Damir; Cular, Drazen; Marusic, Uros

    2018-03-01

    To determine the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive urinary dehydration markers in field-based settings on a day-to-day basis in elite adolescent amateur boxers. Sixty-nine urine samples were collected daily from 23 athletes (17.3 ± 1.9 y) during their weight-stable phase and analyzed by field and laboratory measures of hydration status. Urine osmolality (U OSM ), urine specific gravity (U SG ), total protein content (T PC ), and body-mass stability were evaluated to determine fluid balance and hydration status. Overall macronutrient and water intake were determined using dietary records. According to their anthropometric characteristics, athletes were assigned into 2 groups: lightweight (L WB ) and heavyweight (H WB ) boxers. Data presented on U OSM demonstrated a uniform increment by 11.2% ± 12.8% (L WB ) and 19.9% ± 22.7% (H WB ) (P dehydration markers. Poor correlations were found between U SG and T PC metabolites (r = .27, P = .211). Urinary dehydration markers (both U SG and U OSM ) exhibit high variability and seem to be unreliable diagnostic tools to track actual body-weight loss in real-life settings. The ad libitum fluid intake was apparently inadequate to match acute fluid loss during and after intense preparation. The applicability of a single-time-point hydration-status assessment concept may preclude accurate assessment of actual body-weight deficits in youth boxers.

  12. New capabilities of the lattice code WIMS-AECL

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Altiparmakov, Dimitar

    2008-01-01

    The lattice code WIMS-AECL has been restructured and rewritten in Fortran 95 in order to increase the accuracy of its responses and extend its capabilities. Significant changes of computing algorithms have been made in the following two areas: geometric calculations and resonance self-shielding. Among various geometry enhancements, the code is no longer restricted to deal with single lattice cell problems. The multi-cell capability allows modelling of various lattice structures such as checkerboard lattices, a de-fuelled channel, and core-reflector interface problems. The new resonance method performs distributed resonance self-shielding including the skin effect. This paper describes the main code changes and presents selected code verification results. (authors)

  13. Some benchmark calculations for VVER-1000 assemblies by WIMS-7B code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sultanov, N.V.

    2001-01-01

    Our aim in this report is to compare of calculation results, obtained with the use of different libraries, which are in the variant of the WIMS7B code. We had the three libraries: the 1986 library is based on the UKNDL files, the two 1996 libraries are based on the JEF-2.2 files, the one having the 69 group approximation, the other having the 172 group approximation. We wanted also to have some acquaintance with the new option of WIMS-7B - CACTUS. The variant of WIMS-7B was placed at our disposal by the code authors for a temporal use for 9 months. It was natural to make at comparisons with analogous values of TVS-M, MCU, Apollo-2, Casmo-4, Conkemo, MCNP, HELIOS codes, where the other different libraries were used. In accordance with our aims the calculations of unprofiled and profiled assemblies of the VVER-1000 reactor have been carried out by the option CACTUS. This option provides calculations by the characteristics method. The calculation results have been compared with the K ∞ values obtained by other codes in work. The conclusion from this analysis is such: the methodical parts of errors of these codes have nearly the same values. Spacing for K eff values can be explained of the library microsections differences mainly. Nevertheless, the more detailed analysis of the results obtained is required. In conclusion the calculation of a depletion of VVER-1000 cell has been carried out. The comparison of the dependency of the multiply factor from the depletion obtained by WIMS-7B with different libraries and by the TVS-M, MCU, HELIOS and WIMS-ABBN codes in work has been performed. (orig.)

  14. La Escuela de Düsserdolf y el cine de Wim Wenders. The School of Düsserdolf and the cinema of Wim Wenders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pilar Mayorgas

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available El protagonismo de la imagen fotográfica en el cine de Wim Wenders, ya ha sido largamente estudiado, permitiéndonos un análisis aislado de la fotografía en su cine, que responda a la pregunta: qué estilo fotográfico e influencias se pueden hallar en la filmografía de Wenders. A partir de su propia auto-definición como cineasta y fotógrafo, compararemos sus imágenes, revisando las génesis y nexos que comparten, con el movimiento fotográfico de la Escuela de Düsserdolf que se construye en la misma Alemania de Wenders. Los mentores de esta Nueva Fotografía, son el matrimonio Becher: Bern y Hilla Becher iniciado en 1959, en Düsserdolf, y que junto a sus discípulos: Andreas Gursky, Candida Höfer, Thomas Struth o Thomas Ruff, colocarán a la fotografía en la primera línea del arte actual. Este hecho a un autor multidisciplinar como Wenders, no le pasará inadvertido, sino todo lo contrario; absorberá el nuevo discurso que propone esta Escuela, para exponerlo en sus tomas, revelando así en su cine una exégesis de esta nueva propuesta fotográfica en dialogo con el lenguaje cinematográfico. Todos ellos contribuirán a consolidar la imagen como arte, erigiendo al paisaje como protagonista principal.The role of the photographic image in the film by Wim Wenders has already been extensively studied, allowing us an isolated analysis of the picture at the cinema, to respond to the question: which photographic style and influences can be found in the filmography of Wim Wenders. From its own self-definition as a filmmaker and photographer, compare your images, reviewing the genesis and links that share with the movement's photographic School of Dusserdolf that is being built in the same Germany of Wim Wenders. The mentors of this new photography are marriage Becher: Bern and Hilla Becher initiated in 1959 in Dusserdolf, and that together with his disciples: Andreas Gursky, Candida Höfer, Thomas Struth or Thomas Ruff, positioned at the

  15. WIMSCORE, 2-Group Constant from WIMS-D/4 for Programs TDB, TRITON, CITATION

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bartal, Yair

    1991-01-01

    1 - Description of program or function: The code processes the WIMS-D/4 binary output files for producing two-group microscopic Cross sections and macroscopic lattice cell constants (zone and cell macroscopic Cross sections, D, M, and K-infinity) in a more flexible Format needed for reactor burnup codes like CITATION, for reactor dynamics codes like NADYP-W and for other reactor codes. The purpose of the WIMSCORE-ENEA code is to facilitate the automation of data transfer between the cell calculation code WIMS and the diffusion-burnup codes. 2 - Method of solution: The code spatially homogenizes and group collapses the various Cross sections into two-group homogenized microscopic Cross sections using the flux per mesh for each energy group for WIMS multigroup lattice calculations. 3 - Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: None

  16. Validation of a new library of nuclear constants of the WIMS code; Validacion de una nueva biblioteca de constantes nucleares del Codigo WIMS

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Aguilar H, F [Departamento de Experimentacion, Gerencia del Reactor, ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

    1991-10-15

    The objective of the present work is to reproduce the experimental results of the thermal reference problems (benchmarks) TRX-1, TRX-2 and BAPL-1 to BAPL-3 with the WIMS code. It was proceeded in two stages, the first one consisted on using the original library of the code, while in the second one, a library that only contains the present elements in the benchmarks: H{sup 1}, O{sup 16}, Al{sup 27}, U{sup 235} and U{sup 238} was generated. To generate the present nuclear data in the WIMS library, it was used the ENDF/B-IV database and the Data processing system of Nuclear Data NJOY, the library was generated using the FIXER code. (Author)

  17. The shady past of female boxers – what case studies in the USA reveal

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Pfister, Gertrud Ursula; Gems, Gerald

    2017-01-01

    This study attempts to rectify the invisibility of female boxers and to narrow a research gap by examining the careers of four prominent female champions who managed to excel in the sport despite the social, psychological and physical restrictions imposed by the gender order of American society...... in the nineteenth century. The little studied roles of female boxers present some historiographical issues detailed in the study, which examines and analyses the social construction of gender, and the rejection of prescribed roles by the female boxers, who used the vaudeville and theatrical stages to negotiate...... a transition in gender roles, particularly the notion of females as a ‘weaker sex’. The lives of such courageous women presented an incremental change in the restrictive practices of society, leading to a greater measure of female liberation in succeeding years....

  18. Interface code between WIMS-AECL and RFSP-IST for coupling computing

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xu Liangwang; Liu Yu; Jia Baoshan

    2007-01-01

    A code based on the protocols of Telnet and FTP is developed with C++ for coupling computing between WIMS-AECL and RFSP-IST. the input document of WIMS-AECL and RFSP-ISP cna be generated automatically and be submitted to server, the output document will be downloaded by the end of computing. the function of analyzing standard output document is also included in this code. After simple updating, this code can meet the requirement of other code using input document, e.g. CATHENA. A pilot study of the relation between void fraction and reactivity in TACR, some valuable conclusions has been achieved. (authors)

  19. The Wims-Traca code for the calculation of fuel elements. User's manual and input data

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anhert, C.

    1980-01-01

    The set of modifications and new options developped for the Wims-D code is explained. The input data of the new version Wims-Traca are described. The printed output of results is also explained. The contents and the source of the nuclear data in the basic library is exposed. (author)

  20. Physiological profile of senior and junior England international amateur boxers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, Marcus S

    2006-01-01

    Despite worldwide popularity of amateur boxing, research focussed on the physiological demands of the sport is limited. The physiological profile of Senior and Junior England international amateur boxers is presented. A gradual (8 to 21-days) and rapid (0 to 7-days) phase of body weight reduction was evident with 2.2 ± 0.3 % of the 7.0 ± 0. 8 % weight loss occurring over the final 24-hours. An increase in body weight >4% was observed following a recovery period. High urine osmolality values (> 1000 mOsm·kg(-1)) were recorded during training and competition. High post-competition blood lactate values (>13.5 mmol·l(-1)) highlighted the need for a well-developed anaerobic capacity and the importance of not entering the ring in a glycogen depleted state. The aerobic challenge of competition was demonstrated by maximum heart rate values being recorded during 'Open' sparring. Mean body fat values of 9-10% were similar to those reported for other weight classified athletes. Normal resting values were reported for hematocrit (Senior 48 ± 2 % and Junior 45 ± 2 %), haemoglobin (Senior 14.7 ± 1.0 g·dl(-1) and Junior 14.5 ± 0.8 g·dl(-1)), bilirubin (Senior 15.3 ± 6.2 µmol·l-1(-1)) and ferritin (Senior 63.3 ± 45.7 ng·ml(-1)). No symptoms associated with asthma or exercise-induced asthma was evident. A well- developed aerobic capacity was reflected in the Senior VO2max value of 63.8 ± 4.8 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1). Senior lead hand straight punching force (head 1722 ± 700 N and body 1682 ± 636 N) was lower than the straight rear hand (head 2643 ± 1273 N and body 2646 ± 1083 N), lead hook (head 2412 ± 813 N and body 2414 ± 718 N) and rear hook (head 2588 ± 1040 N and body 2555 ± 926 N). It was concluded that amateur boxing performance is dependent on the interplay between anaerobic and aerobic energy systems. Current weight making methods may lead to impaired substrate availability, leading to reduced competitive performance and an increased risk to a boxers

  1. Morphometrical investigation of radiographs of lumbar vertebrae of boxers with and without spondylosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Eichelberg, H.; Veit, C.; Loeffler, K.; Brehm, H.

    1989-01-01

    Length and height measurement of the third lumbar vertebra in 286 radiographs of 140 male and 146 female Boxers was carried out to defect differences between dogs with and dogs without spondylosis. No differences could be established. However, there were statistically significant differences in the length of the vertebra between male and female dogs within the age groups (below two years and above 5 years) and between bitches younger than two years and bitches older than 5 years. Length-height-proportions did not change. Female Boxers were more often affected with spondylosis than males

  2. HOW BOXERS DECIDE TO PUNCH A TARGET: EMERGENT BEHAVIOUR IN NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL MOVEMENT SYSTEMS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Robert Hristovski

    2006-07-01

    Full Text Available Previous research has shown how dynamical systems theory provides a relevant framework for investigating decision-making behavior in sport. The aim of this study was to adopt concepts and tools from nonlinear dynamics in examining effects of boxer-target distance and perceived punching efficiency on emergent decision-making during a typical practice task in boxing. Results revealed the existence of critical values of scaled distances between boxers and targets for first time appearance and disappearance of a diverse range of boxing actions including jabs, hooks and uppercuts. Reasons for the diversity of actions were twofold: i abrupt (qualitative changes in the number of the possible punches, i.e. motor solutions to the hitting task; and ii, fine modification of the probabilities of selecting specific striking patterns. Boxers were able to exploit the emerging perception of strikeability, leading to a changing diversity of selected actions and a cascade of abrupt changes in the perceptual-motor work space of the task. Perceived efficiency of a punching action by the participants also changed as a function of the scaled distance to a target and was correlated with the probability of occurrence of specific boxing actions. Accordingly, scaled distance-dependent perceived efficiency seems an important perceptual constraint in the training task of punching a heavy bag in boxers

  3. Comparison of WIMS/BASS results

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    1971-06-18

    An otimization carried out by SOCIA, Paris, using the BASS computer code showed a generating cost optimum around N{sub c}/N{sub u} ratio of 350 for 90 GWd/tu. This is contradictory to other optimizations as in DPR 719 (presented at the 9th DCPM) where the optimum is around N{sub c}/N{sub u} of 300. The difference is explored briefly in the paper from two possible sources. To study the first effect, the calculations were repeated by BBC, Baden, using the WIMS computer code.

  4. Evaluation of the WIMS (KAERI) - VENTURE code system for peak power prediction of KMRR core using MCNP

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Park, W.S.; Lee, K.M.; Lee, C.S.; Lee, J.T.; Oh, S.K.

    1992-01-01

    In this work, the validity and quantitative uncertainty of WIMS (KAERI) - VENTURE code system for the design and analysis of KMRR core was tried to be inferred using a well known benchmark code, MCNP. WIMS (KAERI) showed an excellent agreement with MCNP code. For three different control rod positions at a simulated core which has a quarter symmetry, total peaking factors and three sub-factors (radial, axial, and local) obtained from VENTURE were compared with those of MCNP. The comparison proved the validity of VENTURE and showed better agreement in the order of radial, axial, and local factors. The uncertainty of WIMS (KAERI) - VENTURE system was inferred using the 2σ band of total peaking obtained by MCNP. The uncertainty of WIMS (KAERI) - VENTURE system were found to be 18.5 % for the operating condition. (author)

  5. Description of the resonance treatment in WIMS-AECL

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Donnelly, J V

    1993-05-01

    The Stamm`ler resonance treatment as applied within the WIMS-AECL lattice cell code is described. The validation work demonstrating the accuracy of the resonance treatment is reviewed and indicates that the methods used will be accurate for the current range of application within AECL. (author). 22 refs., 6 tabs.

  6. Definition and Analysis of Heavy Water Reactor Benchmarks for Testing New Wims-D Libraries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Leszczynski, Francisco

    2000-01-01

    This work is part of the IAEA-WIMS Library Update Project (WLUP). A group of heavy water reactor benchmarks have been selected for testing new WIMS-D libraries, including calculations with WIMSD5B program and the analysis of results.These benchmarks cover a wide variety of reactors and conditions, from fresh fuels to high burnup, and from natural to enriched uranium.Besides, each benchmark includes variations in lattice pitch and in coolants (normally heavy water and void).Multiplication factors with critical experimental bucklings and other parameters are calculated and compared with experimental reference values.The WIMS libraries used for the calculations were generated with basic data from JEF-2.2 Rev.3 (JEF) and ENDF/B-VI iNReleaseln 5 (E6) Results obtained with WIMS-86 (W86) library, included with WIMSD5B package, from Windfrith, UK with adjusted data, are included also, for showing the improvements obtained with the new -not adjusted- libraries.The calculations with WIMSD5B were made with two methods (input program options): PIJ (two-dimension collision probability method) and DSN (one-dimension Sn method, with homogenization of materials by ring).The general conclusions are: the library based on JEF data and the DSN meted give the best results, that in average are acceptable

  7. Definition and Analysis of Heavy Water Reactor Benchmarks for Testing New Wims-D Libraries; Definicion y Analisis de Benchmarks de Reactores de Agua Pesada para Pruebas de Nuevas Bibliotecas de Datos Wims-D

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Leszczynski, Francisco [Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Centro Atomico Bariloche (Argentina)

    2000-07-01

    This work is part of the IAEA-WIMS Library Update Project (WLUP). A group of heavy water reactor benchmarks have been selected for testing new WIMS-D libraries, including calculations with WIMSD5B program and the analysis of results.These benchmarks cover a wide variety of reactors and conditions, from fresh fuels to high burnup, and from natural to enriched uranium.Besides, each benchmark includes variations in lattice pitch and in coolants (normally heavy water and void).Multiplication factors with critical experimental bucklings and other parameters are calculated and compared with experimental reference values.The WIMS libraries used for the calculations were generated with basic data from JEF-2.2 Rev.3 (JEF) and ENDF/B-VI iNReleaseln 5 (E6) Results obtained with WIMS-86 (W86) library, included with WIMSD5B package, from Windfrith, UK with adjusted data, are included also, for showing the improvements obtained with the new -not adjusted- libraries.The calculations with WIMSD5B were made with two methods (input program options): PIJ (two-dimension collision probability method) and DSN (one-dimension Sn method, with homogenization of materials by ring).The general conclusions are: the library based on JEF data and the DSN meted give the best results, that in average are acceptable.

  8. The influence of the boxing stance on performance in professional boxers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sorokowski Piotr

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available In boxing, athletes choose between two strategies: the orthodox stance characteristic of right handed competitors, or the southpaw stance characteristic of left-handers. Despite a conviction popular among the practitioners of this sport that fighting against a southpaw opponent constitutes a handicap, the effectiveness of the type of stance has so far not been examined. We extracted the statistics of the top twenty active male professionals boxing in each of the seventeen weight divisions. Out of the 340 boxers who composed our group, 75% used the orthodox stance and 25% were southpaw. Generally, we found that boxing stance had no effect on the percentage of 340 top professional boxers’ victories. However, both the southpaw and the orthodox athletes had a higher percentage of victories against orthodox boxers than against southpaws.

  9. UFMGLIB: a multigroup library for the WIMS code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aboustta, Mohamed A.; Mello, Jair Carlos

    1995-01-01

    The British code WIMS is distributed by the NEA in its D4 version. It has a proper data library (Standard Library) in 69 energy groups covering, in its 1981 version, more than 100 materials with sufficient details. The Standard library was generated, basically, from the UKNDL data files and has been submitted to many alterations since the 1960's. Completely new versions such as the WIMKAL 88, generated from the basic library ENDF/B-V, were introduced and are available from the IAEA. The library UFMGLIB was generated from the ENDF/B-VI basic data library with some of the Standard data being maintained. The library contains evaluations for 131 different materials including the most common in thermal reactors. Results obtained from running the WIMS-D4 code with this library compare very well with results from the other libraries when running benchmark cases. This paper shows a general description of the library and some of the steps taken to generate it. (author). 12 refs, 2 tabs

  10. Validation of WIMS-AECL/(MULTICELL)/RFSP system by the results of phase-B test at Wolsung-II unit

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hong, In Seob; Min, Byung Joo; Suk, Ho Chun [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejon (Korea)

    1999-03-01

    The object of this study is the validation of WIMS-AECL lattice code which has been proposed for the substitution of POWDERPUFS-V(PPV) code. For the validation of this code, WIMS-AECL/(MULTICELL)/RFSP (lattice calculation/(incremental cross section calculation)/core calculation) code system has been used for the Post-Simulation of Phase-B physics Test at Wolsung-II unit. This code system had been used for the Wolsong-I and Point Lepraeu reactors, but after a few modifications of WIMS-AECL input values for Wolsong-II, the results of WIMS-AECL/RFSP code calculations are much improved to those of the old ones. Most of the results show good estimation except moderator temperature coefficient test. And the verification of this result must be done, which is one of the further work. 6 figs., 15 tabs. (Author)

  11. Review article The Frontier of Interculturality. A review of Wim van ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Review article. The Frontier of Interculturality. A review of Wim van Binsbergen\\'s Intercultural Encounters: African and Anthropological Lessons towards a Philosophy of Interculturality (2003). Sanya Osha ...

  12. Concurrent follicular dysplasia and interface dermatitis in Boxer dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rachid, Milene A; Demaula, Christopher D; Scott, Danny W; Miller, William H; Senter, David A; Myers, Sherry

    2003-06-01

    Recurrent or persistent follicular dysplasia and interface dermatitis are described in nine Boxers. Data on age, sex, seasonality of alopecia and histopathological features of the follicular dysplasia in these nine Boxers are comparable with those described in previous reports. The interface dermatitis was characterized by multifocal annular crusted lesions confined to the areas of follicular dysplasia. The inflammatory lesions were neither pruritic nor painful and affected dogs were otherwise healthy. Histopathologically the clinically inflammatory lesions were characterized as an interface dermatitis. Immunohistochemical studies failed to demonstrate immunoglobulins or complement at the basement membrane zone or within blood vessel walls. In dogs with recurrent or persistent disease, the follicular dysplasia and interface dermatitis ran identical, concurrent courses of spontaneous remission and recurrence, or persistence, respectively. One dog with persistent disease was treated successfully with tetracycline and niacinamide for the interface dermatitis, and melatonin for the follicular dysplasia. Although the aetiopathogenesis of this newly described condition and the relationship between the two histological reaction patterns are not known, photoperiod and genetic predisposition appear to play a role.

  13. XNWLUP, Graphical user interface to plot WIMS-D library multigroup cross sections

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ganesan, S.; Jagannathan, V.; Thiyagarajan, T.K.

    2005-01-01

    1 - Description of program or function: XnWlup is a computer program with user-friendly graphical interface to help the users of WIMS-D library to enable quick visualisation of the plots of the energy dependence of the multigroup cross sections of any nuclide of interest. This software enables the user to generate and view the histogram of 69 multi-group cross sections as a function of neutron energy under Microsoft Windows environment. This software is designed using Microsoft Visual C++ and Microsoft Foundation Classes Library. IAEA1395/05: New features of version 3.0: - Plotting absorption and fission cross sections of resonant nuclide after applying the self-shielding cross section. - Plotting the data of Resonant Integral table, as a function of dilution cross section for a selected temperature and for a given energy group. - Plotting the data of Resonant Integral table, as a function of temperature for a selected background dilution cross section and for a given energy group. - Clearing all the graphs except one graph from the display screen is easily done by using a tool bar button. - Displaying the coordinate of the cursor point with appropriate units. 2 - Methods: XnWlup helps to obtain histogram plots of the values of cross section data of an element/isotope available as 69-group WIMS-D library as a function of energy bins. The software XnWlup is developed with this graphical user interface in order to help those users who frequently refer to the WIMS-D library cross section data of neutron-nuclear reactions. The software also helps to produce handbook of WIMS-D cross sections

  14. Elite athletes: is survival shortened in boxers?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianco, M; Fabbricatore, C; Sanna, N; Fabiano, C; Palmieri, V; Zeppilli, P

    2007-08-01

    Moderate exercise and intense physical training are associated with increased life expectancy (LE). Boxing is characterized by intentional and repetitive head blows, sometimes causing brain injury, possibly reducing LE. We examined a sample of male athletes born between 1860 and 1930 selected from the international "hall of fame" inductees in baseball (n = 154), ice hockey (n = 130), tennis (n = 83), football (n = 81), boxing (n = 81), track and field (n = 59), basketball (n = 58), swimming (n = 37) and wrestling (n = 32). In boxing, we analyzed the number of disputed bouts/rounds and career records. Sports were also analyzed according to physiological demand and occurrence and kind of contact (intentional, unintentional). The Kaplan-Meier product limit method was used to compare survival curves (significance: p LE of the samples was 76.0 yrs and no differences were observed in different sports, although it was lower in boxers (73.0 yrs) and higher in tennis players (79.0 yrs). Sports of different physiological demand were similar in respect to LE. No differences in LE were found related to occurrence and kind of impact. Similar LE was found in boxers of different weight or career records. In conclusion, this study indicates that LE in top-level athletes is unaffected by the type of discipline, and not related to physiological demand and intentional contact.

  15. A general introduction to the use of the WIMS-E modular program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gubbins, M.E.; Roth, M.J.; Taubman, C.J.

    1982-06-01

    This report describes the WIMS-E Scheme for Neutronics Calculations. This was originally set up to extend the existing calculational facilities in the neutronics field so as to cover a wider range of requirements and to permit more rapid changes to meet future requirements. It consists of a family of compatible reactor physics programs which pass data to each other by way of sets of standardised files. These separate programs have also been combined to form the Integrated WIMS-E Modular Program which contains them as overlay segments together with a controlling routine which selects modules for execution in response to users' commands. (author)

  16. Development of a micro-depletion model to us WIMS properties in history-based local-parameter calculations in RFSP

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shen, W.

    2004-01-01

    A micro-depletion model has been developed and implemented in the *SIMULATE module of RFSP to use WIMS-calculated lattice properties in history-based local-parameter calculations. A comparison between the micro-depletion and WIMS results for each type of lattice cross section and for the infinite-lattice multiplication factor was also performed for a fuel similar to that which may be used in the ACR fuel. The comparison shows that the micro-depletion calculation agrees well with the WIMS-IST calculation. The relative differences in k-infinity are within ±0.5 mk and ±0.9 mk for perturbation and depletion calculations, respectively. The micro-depletion model gives the *SIMULATE module of RFSP the capability to use WIMS-calculated lattice properties in history-based local-parameter calculations without resorting to the Simple-Cell-Methodology (SCM) surrogate for CANDU core-tracking simulations. (author)

  17. Entrepreneurship and innovation. Essays in honour of Wim During

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van der Sijde, Peter; Ridder, Annemarie; Groen, Arend J.

    2004-01-01

    Wim During started his work at the University of Twente in 1973. During his academic career, he elaborated two main themes: (high tech) entrepreneurship and high-tech small firms. The essays in this book -published on the occasion of his retirement as professor of Innovative Entrepreneurship at the

  18. Release of WIMS10: a versatile reactor physics code for thermal and fast systems - 15467

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lindley, B.A.; Newton, T.D.; Hosking, J.G.; Smith, P.N.; Powney, D.J.; Tollit, B.; Smith, P.J.

    2015-01-01

    the WIMS code provides a versatile software package for neutronic calculations, which can be applied to all thermal reactor types including mixed moderator systems. It can provide lattice cell and supercell calculations using a range of flux solutions methods to produce the neutronic libraries for use in PANTHER or other whole core analysis codes. With the release of WIMS10, the range of problems which WIMS can solve has been greatly extended. A WIMS/PANTHER calculation route has been developed and validated for part MOX-fuelled PWRs, with calculations showing excellent agreement with 2D core deterministic and Monte Carlo transport solutions. A flexible geometry 3D method of characteristics transport solver, CACTUS3D has been added to the code. CACTUS3D has been benchmarked for a 3D BWR assembly model, and was in good agreement with a direct 172-group solution in the Monte Carlo code MONK. Fast reactor calculations using the ECCO deterministic calculation route have been validated using experimental data from the ZEBRA reactor. Power deposition can be treated through following neutrons and/or photons to their point of interaction. The improved methodology is shown to give more accurate calculation of heat deposition and improve agreement between calculated and measured detector responses for part MOX-fuelled cores. (authors)

  19. A computer program with graphical user interface to plot the multigroup cross sections of WIMS-D library

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thiyagarajan, T.K.; Ganesan, S.; Jagannathan, V.; Karthikeyan, R.

    2002-01-01

    As a result of the IAEA Co-ordinated Research Programme entitled 'Final Stage of the WIMS Library Update Project', new and updated WIMS-D libraries based upon ENDF/B-VI.5, JENDL-3.2 and JEF-2.2 have become available. A project to prepare an exhaustive handbook of WIMS-D cross sections from old and new libraries has been taken up by the authors. As part of this project, we have developed a computer program XnWlup with user-friendly graphical interface to help the users of WIMS-D library to enable quick visualization of the plots of the energy dependence of the multigroup cross sections of any nuclide of interest. This software enables the user to generate and view the histogram of 69 multi-group cross sections as a function of neutron energy under Microsoft Windows environment. This software is designed using Microsoft Visual C++ and Microsoft Foundation Classes Library. The current features of the software, on-line help manual and future plans for further development are described in this paper

  20. Unusual presentation of herpes simplex virus infection in a boxer: 'Boxing glove herpes'.

    Science.gov (United States)

    García-García, Begoña; Galache-Osuna, Cristina; Coto-Segura, Pablo; Suárez-Casado, Héctor; Mallo-García, Susana; Jiménez, Jorge Santos-Juanes

    2013-02-01

    Herein, we describe a patient with lesions of cutaneous herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection over the knuckles of both hands in the context of an outbreak among boxers. Interestingly, the infection had an unusually long duration (4 weeks), and was not acquired directly through skin-to-skin contact, as it usually does among athletes (herpes gladiatorum). In our case, transmission was acquired through the use of shared boxing gloves contaminated by HSV-1. To the best of our knowledge, herpes gladiatorum, or wrestler's herpes, has not been described previously in boxers and infection over the knuckles is not commonly reported. © 2011 The Authors. Australasian Journal of Dermatology © 2011 The Australasian College of Dermatologists.

  1. Evaluation of the performance of mini-WIMS in design calculations for SGHWR's

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Halsall, M.J.

    1980-07-01

    In order to use the WIMS code for SGHWR design calculations it is desirable to reduce the computing time to a minimum. To this end, a study has been made of the effects of using condensed data libraries with few groups in the main transport routine and with coarse mesh representations. The results of initial lattice calculations are given in considerable detail for a set of SGHW experimental cores. The effects of condensation on attainable burnup and irradiated fuel composition for natural and enriched power reactor lattices have also been studied. Comparisons between detailed and condensed WIMS calculations are the main theme of the report but METHUSELAH and experimental results are included whenever possible. (author)

  2. Validation of a new library of nuclear constants of the WIMS code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aguilar H, F.

    1991-10-01

    The objective of the present work is to reproduce the experimental results of the thermal reference problems (benchmarks) TRX-1, TRX-2 and BAPL-1 to BAPL-3 with the WIMS code. It was proceeded in two stages, the first one consisted on using the original library of the code, while in the second one, a library that only contains the present elements in the benchmarks: H 1 , O 16 , Al 27 , U 235 and U 238 was generated. To generate the present nuclear data in the WIMS library, it was used the ENDF/B-IV database and the Data processing system of Nuclear Data NJOY, the library was generated using the FIXER code. (Author)

  3. Use of WIMS-E lattice code for prediction of the transuranic source term for spent fuel dose estimation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schwinkendorf, K.N.

    1996-01-01

    A recent source term analysis has shown a discrepancy between ORIGEN2 transuranic isotopic production estimates and those produced with the WIMS-E lattice physics code. Excellent agreement between relevant experimental measurements and WIMS-E was shown, thus exposing an error in the cross section library used by ORIGEN2

  4. Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia in a 5-month-old boxer dog.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hoddinott, Katie

    2013-05-01

    A 5-month-old intact male boxer dog was presented to the Metro Animal Emergency Clinic, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia after being hit by a car. Radiography identified a diaphragmatic hernia with the stomach herniated into the thoracic cavity. Diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy and splenectomy were performed without complication. The patient returned to his regular active lifestyle.

  5. Experience with Wolsong-1 Phase-B pre-simulations using WIMS/DRAGON/RFSP-IST code suite

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chung, D-H.; Kim, B-G.; Kim, S-M.; Suh, H-B.; Kim, H-S.; Kim, H-J.

    2010-01-01

    The Wolsong-1 Phase-B pre-simulations have been carried out with the exclusive use of the code suite WIMS/DRAGON/RFSP-IST in replacement of the previous PPV/MULTICELL/RFSP code system in preparation of tests to be conducted as scheduled in December 2010 after the refurbishment. A comprehensive simulation package has been undertaken starting from the approach to first criticality to the flux measurements and scan. In order to secure the validity of the results, the simulations are performed using both the Uniform and SCM fuel tables. An elaborating contribution has been invested into the work in view of the inexperience of using WIMS/SCM fuel tables as well as incremental cross sections generated by using DRAGON-IST. The overall assessment of simulation results indicates that the newly adopted WIMS/DRAGON/RFSP-IST code suite could be used in replacement of PPV/MULTICELL/RFSP for the verification against the Phase-B test results. (author)

  6. User Manual for XnWlup2.0, A Software to Visualize Nuclear Data for Thermal Reactors in WIMS-D Libraries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thiyagarajan, T.K.; Ganesan, S.; Jagannathan, V.; Karthikeyan, R.

    2002-10-01

    A project to prepare an exhaustive handbook of WIMS-D cross sections for thermal reactor applications comparing different WIMS-D compatible nuclear data libraries originating from various countries has been successfully implemented. A computer software, called XnWlup2.0, with graphical user interface for MS Windows has been developed at BARC. This report summarizes the salient features of this new software for the users of WIMS-D libraries. Several sample outputs produced by the software are presented to illustrate the powerful use of this software for routine use in reactor physics analyses. (author)

  7. Comparative analysis of competitive activity parameters of amateur boxers high qualification

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V.P. Martsiv

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Purpose : analyze competitive activity of boxers of high qualifications in different time periods in the development of boxing. Material : 142 analyzed boxing matches at the Olympic Games 2012. Results : present indicators of competitive activity of boxers. Shows the comparative characteristics of the battles that took place under different formulas of competitive activity in different periods of the development of amateur boxing. It is shown that increasing the skills of athletes appear to increase the density of hits in combat. As a result of innovations in the rules of the competition, boxing match was different higher intensity combat, attacking actions began to perform at a higher speed mode. Conclusions : As a result of the transition to the new formula of fighting to increase the density of the match. Also a 3-fold increase in the number of strikes indicator, surviving on target. Increased efficiency factor strikes, which leads to the expansion of effective technical and tactical actions.

  8. ELCOS: the PSI code system for LWR core analysis. Part II: user's manual for the fuel assembly code BOXER

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Paratte, J.M.; Grimm, P.; Hollard, J.M.

    1996-02-01

    ELCOS is a flexible code system for the stationary simulation of light water reactor cores. It consists of the four computer codes ETOBOX, BOXER, CORCOD and SILWER. The user's manual of the second one is presented here. BOXER calculates the neutronics in cartesian geometry. The code can roughly be divided into four stages: - organisation: choice of the modules, file manipulations, reading and checking of input data, - fine group fluxes and condensation: one-dimensional calculation of fluxes and computation of the group constants of homogeneous materials and cells, - two-dimensional calculations: geometrically detailed simulation of the configuration in few energy groups, - burnup: evolution of the nuclide densities as a function of time. This manual shows all input commands which can be used while running the different modules of BOXER. (author) figs., tabs., refs

  9. Design of a Capacitive Flexible Weighing Sensor for Vehicle WIM System

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Qing Li

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available With the development of the Highway Transportation and Business Trade, vehicle weigh-in-motion (WIM technology has become a key technology and trend of measuring traffic loads. In this paper, a novel capacitive flexible weighing sensor which is light weight, smaller volume and easy to carry was applied in the vehicle WIM system. The dynamic behavior of the sensor is modeled using the Maxwell-Kelvin model because the materials of the sensor are rubbers which belong to viscoelasticity. A signal processing method based on the model is presented to overcome effects of rubber mechanical properties on the dynamic weight signal. The results showed that the measurement error is less than ���±10%. All the theoretic analysis and numerical results demonstrated that appliance of this system to weigh in motion is feasible and convenient for traffic inspection.

  10. Fear and Aggression in German Shepherd, Boxer and Rottweiler Dogs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Krassimira Uzunova

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available As a result of long-term active fear, variable moods can occur – howling, whimpering, crying, tremor, tics, manias, depressions, etc. It is now acknowledged that fear and aggression are closely related. It is also known that the different dog breeds manifest a various extent of fear and aggression. The study aimed to provide answers to two questions - classification of factors invoking fear and aggression according to their significance and which of investigated dog breeds – German Shepherd, Rottweiler or Boxer is the most resistant to fear and aggression episodes? The exclusion of all factors on the cultivation of three breeds of dogs / they complied with the norms / found that the causes of fear aggressive conditions are listed as follows – first of fear and aggression depend on the temperament of the dog and on the second place of the breed origin, growing conditions and the associated level of primary and secondary socialization. Fear aggressive manifestations occur at least in dogs with sanguine and choleric temperament. Representatives of the breed "Boxer" and "German Shepherd" are at the same level on the manifestations of fear and aggression. Rottweiler breed is in third place in this direction.

  11. Factors which influence on force of boxers` and footballers` shots on the stage of base pre-treatment

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nikitenko S.A.

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available On the stage of base pre-treatment factors which influence on force of shots the hands of boxers and feet of footballers as a criterion of competition activity efficiency are certain. Connections are certain between force of shots by hands and feet. The objective test of the specialized sense determination of boxers` and footballers` shots is offered. It is recommended to develop maximal and explosive force of all parts of sportsman body at implementation preparatory exercises with the further transfer of physical qualities on implementation of the special exercises.

  12. Validation of MCNP and WIMS-AECL/DRAGON/RFSP for ACR-1000 applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bromley, Blair P.; Adams, Fred P.; Zeller, Michael B.; Watts, David G.; Shukhman, Boris V.; Pencer, Jeremy

    2008-01-01

    This paper gives a summary of the validation of the reactor physics codes WIMS-AECL, DRAGON, RFSP and MCNP5, which are being used in the design, operation, and safety analysis of the ACR-1000 R . The standards and guidelines being followed for code validation of the suite are established in CSA Standard N286.7-99 and ANS Standard ANS-19.3-2005. These codes are being validated for the calculation of key output parameters associated with various reactor physics phenomena of importance during normal operations and postulated accident conditions in an ACR-1000 reactor. Experimental data from a variety of sources are being used for validation. The bulk of the validation data is from critical experiments in the ZED-2 research reactor with ACR-type lattices. To supplement and complement ZED-2 data, qualified and applicable data are being taken from other power and research reactors, such as existing CANDU R units, FUGEN, NRU and SPERT research reactors, and the DCA critical facility. MCNP simulations of the ACR-1000 are also being used for validating WIMS-AECL/ DRAGON/RFSP, which involves extending the validation results for MCNP through the assistance of TSUNAMI analyses. Code validation against commissioning data in the first-build ACR-1000 will be confirmatory. The code validation is establishing the biases and uncertainties in the calculations of the WIMS-AECL/DRAGON/RFSP suite for the evaluation of various key parameters of importance in the reactor physics analysis of the ACR-1000. (authors)

  13. Retrospective study on clinical management of indolent ulcers in Boxer dogs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Paula Hvenegaard

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Indolent ulcers are superficial corneal ulcers secondary to several changes on the corneal surface. They are frequently observed in middle-aged Boxer dogs, cause pain of acute onset and requires appropriate treatment. Aiming to evaluate the efficacy of clinical managements on the rate of healing of indolent ulcers, a retrospective study was conducted (1997-2008. Results demonstrated that proteinase inhibitors were the most often prescribed medication, and its administration did not interfere on the healing rate, as well as observed in dogs that received 1% atropine, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Healing was delayed in dogs administered orally with vitamin C, but the healing process was faster on those dogs that went through corneal debridement/cauterization. In conclusion, to know the various types of treatments seems to be fundamental for the rapid resolution of the disease. It is suggested that debridement/cauterization, administration of proteinase inhibitor eye drops, prophylactic topical antibiotics and oral vitamin C, should be considered as an effective clinical management for indolent ulcers in Boxer dogs.

  14. Calculation of multigroup constants in WIMS format with programs fedgroup and flange and comparison of the results obtained using different evaluated libraries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Trkov, A.; Budnar, M.; Copic, M.; Perdan, A.; Ravnik, M.

    1982-01-01

    Multigroup constants for 1-H-1, 92-U-235, and 92-U-238 have been calculated. Averaged cross-sections and other constants have been prepared in the WIMS 69-group format. Comparison has been made between group constants obtained with several evaluated libraries (KEDAK-3 1975, 1979, ENDF/B-4, ENDF/B-5) and the WIMS-D library. Observed differences are most pronounced in the resonance and fast region. From test runs on fuel cell with the WIMS program it can be deduced that these differences affect the fewgroup constants significantly. (author)

  15. ELCOS: the PSI code system for LWR core analysis. Part II: user`s manual for the fuel assembly code BOXER

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Paratte, J.M.; Grimm, P.; Hollard, J.M. [Paul Scherrer Inst. (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland)

    1996-02-01

    ELCOS is a flexible code system for the stationary simulation of light water reactor cores. It consists of the four computer codes ETOBOX, BOXER, CORCOD and SILWER. The user`s manual of the second one is presented here. BOXER calculates the neutronics in cartesian geometry. The code can roughly be divided into four stages: - organisation: choice of the modules, file manipulations, reading and checking of input data, - fine group fluxes and condensation: one-dimensional calculation of fluxes and computation of the group constants of homogeneous materials and cells, - two-dimensional calculations: geometrically detailed simulation of the configuration in few energy groups, - burnup: evolution of the nuclide densities as a function of time. This manual shows all input commands which can be used while running the different modules of BOXER. (author) figs., tabs., refs.

  16. Effects of plyometric exercise training with external weights on punching ability of experienced amateur boxers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bruzas, Vidas; Kamandulis, Sigitas; Venckunas, Tomas; Snieckus, Audrius; Mockus, Pranas

    2018-03-01

    During competition, a boxer must continue to deliver high-impact punches despite increasing fatigue. It is unclear whether the effects of plyometric training using external weights are transferred to sport-specific movements such as punching. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of a 4-week cycle of plyometric training with external weights on punching ability. The study involved eight male amateur boxers aged 22.3±2.5 years with at least 7 years of competitive experience. They performed 12 plyometric training sessions, each comprising eight exercises of various muscle groups performed at maximum movement velocity. Six drills were performed with external weights, and two drills were performed using the body weight as resistance. All exercises required coordination. The punching ability was tested at baseline and after the 4 weeks of training using the Kiktest-100 boxing bag. The force of single punches and the frequency of punches within a series did not change from before to after the 4 weeks, except for increased power in the rear-hand low punch (Pplyometric training with external weights did not change the maximum punching power or movement frequency significantly, but had a beneficial effect on punching power endurance in boxers.

  17. Incidence, risk factors and heritability of hind limb lameness in dogs with canine hip dysplasia in a 8 year follow up study of a birth cohort of Dutch boxer dogs

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hagen, van M.A.E.; Ducro, B.J.; Broek, van de J.; Knol, B.W.

    2005-01-01

    Objective-To determine incidence, risk factors, and heritability estimates of hind limb lameness caused by hip dysplasia in a birth cohort of Boxers. Animals-1,733 Boxers from 325 litters. Procedure-Status of Boxers with respect to clinical signs of canine hip dysplasia (cCHD) was registered during

  18. Cervical spine fracture in a boxer a rare but important sporting injury ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Cervical vertebral injuries are rare in boxing. The case of an adult boxer with an isolated vertical fracture of the anterior arch of the atlas is described. The mechanism of injury, clinical presentation, complications and treatment are discussed. Measures to prevent head and neck injury in boxing are discussed.

  19. High-resolution electrocardiography in the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in Boxer dogs Eletrocardiografia de alta resolução no diagnóstico da cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito em cães da raça Boxer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Evandro Zacché Pereira

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available To evaluate the reliability of high-resolution electrocardiography in the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in Boxers, 20 dogs with no structural cardiac alterations at echocardiographic examination were grouped on the basis of frequency of ventricular arrhythmias, evaluated by 24-hour ambulatory ECG, and undergoing a high-resolution electrocardiography. High frequency QRS duration, duration of terminal QRS complex less than 40µV (LAS40 and root mean square voltage of the terminal 40 milliseconds of the QRS complex (RMS40 were measured. Differences in high-resolution ECG variables were not observed between groups. Therefore, the results of this investigation suggest that high-resolution electrocardiography is not a useful method for the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in Boxers without detectable myocardial alterations or systolic dysfunction.Com o objetivo de avaliar a importância da eletrocardiografia de alta resolução no diagnóstico da cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito do Boxer, 20 cães sem evidências de doença cardíaca estrutural à avaliação ecodopplercardiográfica foram agrupados de acordo com a frequência de arritmias ventriculares, avaliadas pela eletrocardiografia ambulatorial de 24 horas, e submetidos ao exame eletrocardiográfico de alta resolução. Duração do complexo QRS filtrado, duração dos sinais de baixa amplitude (menor que 40µV dos últimos 40 milissegundos do complexo QRS e raiz quadrada média da voltagem ao quadrado dos últimos 40 milissegundos do complexo QRS (RMS40 foram as variáveis avaliadas. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos em relação às variáveis estudadas. Sendo assim, os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que a eletrocardiografia de alta resolução não é uma ferramenta útil no auxílio diagnóstico da cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito dos cães da raça Boxer

  20. Diffusion measures indicate fight exposure-related damage to cerebral white matter in boxers and mixed martial arts fighters.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shin, W; Mahmoud, S Y; Sakaie, K; Banks, S J; Lowe, M J; Phillips, M; Modic, M T; Bernick, C

    2014-02-01

    Traumatic brain injury is common in fighting athletes such as boxers, given the frequency of blows to the head. Because DTI is sensitive to microstructural changes in white matter, this technique is often used to investigate white matter integrity in patients with traumatic brain injury. We hypothesized that previous fight exposure would predict DTI abnormalities in fighting athletes after controlling for individual variation. A total of 74 boxers and 81 mixed martial arts fighters were included in the analysis and scanned by use of DTI. Individual information and data on fight exposures, including number of fights and knockouts, were collected. A multiple hierarchical linear regression model was used in region-of-interest analysis to test the hypothesis that fight-related exposure could predict DTI values separately in boxers and mixed martial arts fighters. Age, weight, and years of education were controlled to ensure that these factors would not account for the hypothesized effects. We found that the number of knockouts among boxers predicted increased longitudinal diffusivity and transversal diffusivity in white matter and subcortical gray matter regions, including corpus callosum, isthmus cingulate, pericalcarine, precuneus, and amygdala, leading to increased mean diffusivity and decreased fractional anisotropy in the corresponding regions. The mixed martial arts fighters had increased transversal diffusivity in the posterior cingulate. The number of fights did not predict any DTI measures in either group. These findings suggest that the history of fight exposure in a fighter population can be used to predict microstructural brain damage.

  1. Wenders in Motion: A Study On The Way Of Characterization In Wim Wenders’ Road Movies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Erman Pehlivan

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Famous for his road movies, WimWenders, has a deeper understanding of the word; motion. More than often,Wenders tells the story of wanderers by putting them in a constant state oftravel.  These travels alter thewanderers’ characters and play a key role in Wenders’ storytelling. This paperstudies Wim Wenders’ way of characterization in three parts. The first partstates out keywords to define Wim Wenders’ wanderers: movement/motion, thejourney, homesickness, spatial levels, the Ozu connection. And it mainlyfocuses on his road trilogy: Im Lauf der Zeit (1976, FalscheBewegung (1975, and Alice in den Städten (1974, whileexplaining the stated keywords. The second part only focuses on Paris, Texas(1984 and its main character Travis, who might be seen as the ultimatewanderer whom all other Wenders’ characters blend in to. Thethird and the final part takes Der Himmel Über Berlin (1987 as ‘avertical road movie’ hoping for finding a cure for the worldwide homesicknessthat all the Wenders’ wanderers suffer.  Also there are a handful of musicreferences hidden through the paper in homage to director’s love for rock ‘n’roll music.

  2. LWR-WIMS, a computer code for light water reactor lattice calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Halsall, M.J.

    1982-06-01

    LMR-WIMS is a comprehensive scheme of computation for studying the reactor physics aspects and burnup behaviour of typical lattices of light water reactors. This report describes the physics methods that have been incorporated in the code, and the modifications that have been made since the code was issued in 1972. (U.K.)

  3. Battery of exercises for the improvement of the explosive force in the boxers of the National Team of Cuba

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Luis Hernández Hernández

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available The development of explosive strength is one of the determining factors of the sport performance for the athletes of Boxing. The power and explosiveness of the blows executed during the combat, has been one of the problems that have been valued in the analyzes of the preparation of the boxers that make up the national preselection. The work aims to develop a battery of exercises to improve specific explosive strength in the boxers of the Cuban National Team participating in the 6th World Series of Boxing. The sample was formed by the 21 boxers who were prepared for this event. From the bibliographic search and previous practical experience, a system of exercises was developed for the development of explosive force during the preparation of this equipment. At the conclusion of the investigation, a significant increase in explosive strength was observed, reaching the necessary levels to improve the explosiveness in the execution of the blows, besides the improvement in the corporal composition.

  4. Modeling of LVRF critical experiments in ZED-2 using WIMS9A/PANTHER and MCNP5

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sissaoui, M.T.; Carlson, P.A.; Lebenhaft, J.R.

    2009-01-01

    The accuracy of WIMS9A/PANTHER and MCNP5 in modeling D 2 O-moderated, and H 2 O-, D 2 O- or air-cooled, doubly heterogeneous lattices of fuel clusters was demonstrated using Low Void Reactivity Fuel (LVRF) substitution experiments in the ZED-2 critical facility. MCNP5 with ENDF/B-VI (Release 5) underpredicted k eff but gave excellent coolant void reactivity (CVR) bias values. WIMS9A/PANTHER with JEF-2.2 overpredicted k eff and underpredicted the CVR bias relative to MCNP5 by 100-200 pcm. Both codes reproduced the measured axial and radial flux shapes accurately

  5. Testing of a JEF-1 based WIMS-D cross section library for migration area and k-infinity predictions for LWHCR lattices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pelloni, S.; Stepanek, J.

    1987-01-01

    The cell code WIMSD4 is used for the analysis of PROTEUS-LWHCR experiments. A library for this code which is based on the European evaluation JEF-1 was produced at EIR using the Los Alamos NJOY system with its module WIMSR and the Canadian management code WILMA. In general, this library delivered more accurate eigenvalues and reaction rates than the WIMS-Standard and WIMS81 libraries did in comparison to experimental values from PROTEUS-LWHCR Cores 1-3. However, large discrepancies (up to about 10%) occured between calculated migration areas (M 2 ). Additional investigations have been undertaken to clarify this problem, since theoretical M 2 -values are needed for deducing k-infinity in the experiments. This has been done in the context of calculations for a reference LWHCR test lattice. The following major reasons for these deviations were found. First, the self-scattering term in non-moderators (P 0 matrix) in the JEF-1 library was not transport corrected. Second, Standard and JEF-1 libraries use infinite dilute cross sections for 238 U, whereas the WIMS81 library uses fully shielded cross sections. Third, the standard library uses the 'row' formula for the transport correction, whereas the 'inflow' formula is applied in the case of JEF-1 and WIMS81 libraries. Lastly, oxygen and 238 U scattering cross sections in the fast energy range are smaller in the case of the WIMS81 library. Differences in calculated k-infinity values between the currently used library and WIMS81 (up to 3%) come (in order of importance for the reference LWHCR lattice) mainly from resonance cross sections for 240 Pu capture, 238 U capture and 239 Pu fission. Recommendations have been made for generating a new JEF-1 library using updated versions of WIMSR and WILMA. (author)

  6. ZZ WIMS-D/4LIB, 61, 64, 69, 76 and 79 energy groups WIMS-D/4 libraries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2002-01-01

    1 - Description: Format: WIMS; Number of groups: 61,64,69,76,79 energy groups; Nuclides: The following nuclides are included: H 1 , H 1 (in H 2 O), H 1 (in ZrH), H 2 , H 2 (in D 2 O), He 3 , He 4 , Li 6 , Li 7 , Be 9 , B 1 0, B 1 1, C, C (in graphite), N 14 , 0 16 , F, Na, Al, Si, P 31 , S 32 , K, Ti, V, Cr, Mn 55 , Fe, Co 59 , Ni, Cu, Cu 63 , Zr, Nb 93 , Mo, Mo 92 , Mo 94 , Mo 95 , Mo 96 , Mo 97 , Mo 98 , Mo 99 , Mo 100 , Ag 107 , Ag 109 , Cd, In 113 , In 115 , Sn, Gd, Dy 164 , Er 166 , Er 167 , Lu 176 , Hf, Hf 174 , Hf 176 , Hf 177 , Hf 178 , Hf 179 , Hf 180 , Ta 181 , Au 197 , Pb. The following fission products are included: Kr 83 , Mo 95 , Tc 99 , Ru 101 , Ru 103 , Rh 103 , Rh 105 , Pd 105 , Pd 108 , Ag 109 , Cd 113 , In 115 , I 127 , I 135 , Xe 131 , Xe 135 , Cs 133 , Cs 134 , Cs 135 , Nd 143 , Nd 145 , Pm 147 , Pm 148g , Pm 148m , Pm 149 , Sm 147 , Sm 148 , Sm 149 , Sm 150 , Sm 151 , Sm 152 , Eu 153 , Eu 154 , Eu 155 , Gd 157 , Pseudo F.P., Dummy ID = 237 Abs. XS = 1.0 E-5 B The following actinides are included: Th 232 , Pa 233 , U 233 , U 234 , U 235 , U 236 , U 237 , U 238 , Np 237 , Np 238 , Np 239 , Pu 238 , Pu 239 , Pu 240 , Pu 241 , Pu 242 , Am 241 , Am 242g , Am 242m , Am 243 , Cm 242 , Cm 243 , Cm 244 ; absorber ID = 1000. Origin: ENDF/B-V or IV and JENDL-2(Rev.1); and from ENDL-84, where data was not available in ENDF/B. Neutron cross section library for thermal reactor design analysis with 61, 64, 69, 76, and 79 energy WIMS groups structure. Weighting Spectrum: Within-group weighting fluxes were computed. The weighting spectrum is: 4KT>E>0eV (S(E)=E.Exp(-E/(KT))/KT Maxwellian; 670 KeV>E≥4KT (S(E)=C1/E 1/E; 10 MeV≥E≥670 KeV (S(E)=C2.Exp(-E/Wa).Sinh(E.Wb) 1/2 Fission; KT 0.025 eV; Wa = 9.65 E+05; Wb = 2.29 E-06 The constants C1 and C2 are defined for continuity of the spectrum function. 2 - Methods: The library was produced using preprocessing codes to extract data from ENDF/B-VI or and JENDL-2 (Rev.1); and from where data was not available in

  7. Generation, Testing, and Validation of a WIMS-D/4 Multigroup Cross-Section Library Based on the JENDL-3.2 Nuclear Data

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rahman, Mafizur; Takano, Hideki

    2001-01-01

    A new 69-group library of multigroup constants for the lattice code WIMS-D/4 has been generated with an improved resonance treatment, processing nuclear data from JENDL-3.2 by NJOY91.108. A parallel ENDF/B-VI based library has also been constructed for intercomparison of results. Benchmark calculations for a number of thermal reactor critical assemblies of both uranium and plutonium fuels have been performed with the code WIMS-D/4.1 with its three different libraries: the original WIMS library (NEA-0329/10) and the new ENDF/B-VI and JENDL-3.2 based libraries. The results calculated with both ENDF and JENDL based libraries show a similar tendency and are found in better agreement with the experimental values. Benchmark parameters are further calculated with the comprehensive lattice code SRAC95. The results from SRAC95 and WIMS-D/4.1 (both using JENDL-3.2 based libraries) agree well with each other. The new library is also verified for its applicability to mixed-oxide cores of varying plutonium contents

  8. Comparison of WIMS results using libraries based on new evaluated data files

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Trkov, A.; Ganesan, S.; Zidi, T.

    1996-01-01

    A number of selected benchmark experiments have been modelled with the WIMS-D/4 lattice code. Calculations were performed using multigroup libraries generated from a number of newly released evaluated data files. Data processing was done with the NJOY91.38 code. Since the data processing methods were the same in all cases, the results may serve to determine the impact on integral parameters due to differences in the basic data. The calculated integral parameters were also compared to the measured values. Observed differences were small, which means that there are no essential differences between the evaluated data libraries. The results of the analysis cannot serve to discriminate in terms of quality of the data between the evaluated data libraries considered. For the test cases considered the results with the new, unadjusted libraries are at least as good as those obtained with the old, adjusted WIMS library which is supplied with the code. (author). 16 refs, 3 tabs

  9. Time domain heart rate variability in Boxer dogs with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Evandro Zacché

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to assess heart rate variability (HRV in Boxer dogs affected by arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC. Fourteen Boxer dogs classified as affected and 28 classified as unaffected were included in a prospective case-control study. Dogs underwent 24-hour ambulatory ECG and were classified as affected (>1,000 VPCs/24 hours or unaffected (<20 VPCs/24 hours by ARVC based on the number of ventricular arrhythmias. HRV was assessed using 24-h Holter ECG monitoring; the studied parameters were SDNN, SDANN, SDNNIDX, rMSSD and pNN50. Data were submitted to logarithmic transformation and HRV parameters were compared between groups and correlated according to the disease status, number and severity of ventricular arrhythmias using Student’s t test, linear regression and Spearman’s test. There was no interaction between the HRV parameters and the number and severity of ventricular arrhythmias. SDNNlog (2.35±0.14 vs. 2.46±0.12, P=0.01, SDNNIDXlog (2.18±0.14 vs. 2.24±0.10, P=0.002 and pNN50log (1.47±0.19 vs. 1.64±0.13, P=0.002 were significantly lower in the affected group compared with the unaffected. According to this study, HRV are different in a population of Boxers dogs affected by ARVC compared to a population of unaffected dogs, and these differences are not consequences of low cardiac output caused by ventricular arrhythmias since animals that had higher number and complexity of arrhythmias were not those who had lower values of HRV.

  10. Modeling of LVRF Critical Experiments in ZED-2 Using WIMS9A/PANTHER and MCNP5

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sissaoui, M.T.; Lebenhaft, J.R; Carlson, P.A.

    2008-01-01

    The accuracy of WIMS9A/PANTHER and MCNP5 in modeling D 2 O-moderated, and H 2 O-, D 2 O- or air-cooled, doubly heterogeneous lattices of fuel clusters was demonstrated using Low Void Reactivity Fuel (LVRF) substitution experiments in the ZED-2 critical facility. MCNP5 with ENDF/B-VI (Release 5) under-predicted k eff but gave excellent coolant void reactivity (CVR) bias values. WIMS9A/PANTHER with JEF-2.2 over-predicted k eff and under-predicted the CVR bias relative to MCNP5 by 100 pcm to 200 pcm. Both codes reproduced the measured axial and radial flux shapes accurately. (authors)

  11. Hepatic alveolar hydatid disease (Echinococcus multilocularis) in a boxer dog from southern Ontario.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Skelding, Alicia; Brooks, Andrew; Stalker, Margaret; Mercer, Nicola; de Villa, Eileen; Gottstein, Bruno; Peregrine, Andrew S

    2014-06-01

    A 2-year-old boxer dog from southern Ontario was evaluated because of acute onset lethargy. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a hemorrhagic, destructive, liver mass. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction confirmed Echinococcus multilocularis as the cause of the hepatic mass. This constitutes the first description of endemic E. multilocularis in Ontario.

  12. WIMS-D use by ZfK - Data input, experience, and examples

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wand, H.

    1983-05-01

    The report provides users of the ZfK-version (EC-1055 computer) of the cell program WIMS-D with all necessary information to compile by oneself input data sets. By means of 10 examples which comprise a large number of the practically most important program options the data compilation is explained. Some experience in using special options is given. (author)

  13. WIMS library up-date project: first stage results

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Prati, A.; Claro, L.H.

    1990-01-01

    The following benchmarks: TRX1, TRX2, BAPL-UO sub(2)-1, BAPL-UO sub (2)-2, BAPL-UO sub(2)-3 have been calculated with the WIMSD/4 code, as a contribution of CTA/IEAv, to the first stage of the WIMS Library Update Project, coordinated by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The card image input for each benchmark has been attached and the major input options/parameters are commented. The version of the WIMSD/4 code and its multigroup cross section library used to run the benchmarks are specified. Results from the major integral parameters are presented and discussed. (author)

  14. The WIMS 69-group library tape 166259

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Taubman, C.J.

    1975-07-01

    This note describes the contents of the WIMS 69-group library, and includes a list of nuclides with details of data file or other source of data, resonance tabulations and thermal scattering models, and a list and details of resonance tabulations. Also included are condensation spectra used to obtain group cross-sections in fast energy range, group energy boundaries, and burn-up details, including fuel and fission product burn-up chains, fission product yields and energy release data. A fission spectrum for the 69-group library is given together with a lambda and sigma p values used in the calculation of resonance cross-sections, and 2200 m/sec absorption cross-sections and resonance absorption integrals. (U.K.)

  15. Assessment of cognitive recovery following sports related head trauma in boxers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ravdin, Lisa D; Barr, William B; Jordan, Barry; Lathan, William E; Relkin, Norman R

    2003-01-01

    To prospectively examine recovery of cognitive function within one month following subconcussive sports related head trauma. A prospective study of New York State licensed professional boxers who underwent testing of cognitive functioning before and after (within days, one week, and one month) a professional bout. Male professional athletes recruited from the New York State Athletic Commission and local boxing gyms. Twenty-six licensed professional boxers were enrolled in the protocol. Data is presented on the 18 participants who completed testing on at least three of the four time points. Serial neuropsychological assessment before and after the athletes engaged in competition. Neuropsychological measures of cognitive functioning, including new learning and memory, information processing speed, and mental flexibility. A series of repeated measures MANOVAS revealed significant within subject differences across testing on complex information processing and verbal fluency. Post hoc analyses indicated significant differences between time 1 (baseline) and time 4 (one month post), with scores one month following the bout indicating significantly improved performance. Memory scores did not change significantly across testing; however, prior boxing exposure measured by total number of professional bouts was associated with poorer memory performance. Cognitive testing one month following participation in a professional boxing bout yielded scores suggestive of recovery to a level above the baseline. We conclude that baseline assessment taken during periods of intense training are likely confounded by other pre-bout conditions (i.e., sparring, rapid weight loss, pre-bout anxiety) and do not represent true baseline abilities. Instability of performance associated with mild head injury may complicate the interpretation of post-injury assessments. Practice effects may also confound the interpretation of serial assessments, leading to underestimation of the effects of sports

  16. Neutronic study of nuclear reactors. Complete calculation of TRIGA MARKII reactor and calculations of fuel temperature coefficients. (Qualification of WIMS code)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Benmansour, L.

    1992-01-01

    The present work shows a group of results, obtained by a neutronic study, concerning the TRIGA MARK II reactor and LIGHT WATER reactors. These studies aim to make cell and diffusion calculations. WIMS D-4 with extended library and DIXY programs are used and tested for those purposes. We also have proceeded to a qualification of WIMS code based on the fuel temperature coefficient calculations. 33 refs.; 23 figs.; 30 tabs. (author)

  17. Thinking the body transvestite and transsexual in sport: a analysis of the film Beautiful Boxer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paula Nunes Chaves

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available We reflect the sport as a important  space for constructions of ways of being,  a place of sociability that develop countless fights of sexual identities. In such context, this paper aims to reflect on the film Beautiful Boxer (2004, making notes about the subject of sexuality and genres deviant of standard  heteronormative (gays, transvestites, transsexuals in the sport from the history of the filme: a boxing fighter  transsexual that breaks the traditional image of the virile and manly men how the only possibility for a boxer. By showing a fighter who moves between a muscular body condition and delicate at the same time, capable of extreme force movements and delicate gestures in the ring, the film decentralizes the markings of classic genre and binary notions of masculine and feminine, that  polarize strength and delicacy in the sport and makes us think about the sport from a queer approach.

  18. Interpretations of the Chinese Boxer Rebellion in the Slovenian Press at the Beginning of the 20th Century

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Uroš LIPUŠČEK

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available This essay deals with the Slovene reaction to the military intervention of eight coalition forces in China during the Boxer Rebellion in China in 1900. To Slovenes, China was then seen as a faraway land that had been visited by some Slovene missionaries, noblemen and travellers throughout the past centuries. Nevertheless, much interest was expressed by the Slovene public and press in the events surrounding the Boxer Rebellion. Despite the fact that the Austro-Hungarian military was part of the international coalition that intervened in Chinese internal affairs, the leading Slovene newspapers of the period supported the right of the Chinese people to defend their country against the big powers of the time, who tried to dismember China and enforce the regime of capitulation.

  19. Determining the nuclear data uncertainty on MONK10 and WIMS10 criticality calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ware, Tim; Dobson, Geoff; Hanlon, David; Hiles, Richard; Mason, Robert; Perry, Ray

    2017-09-01

    The ANSWERS Software Service is developing a number of techniques to better understand and quantify uncertainty on calculations of the neutron multiplication factor, k-effective, in nuclear fuel and other systems containing fissile material. The uncertainty on the calculated k-effective arises from a number of sources, including nuclear data uncertainties, manufacturing tolerances, modelling approximations and, for Monte Carlo simulation, stochastic uncertainty. For determining the uncertainties due to nuclear data, a set of application libraries have been generated for use with the MONK10 Monte Carlo and the WIMS10 deterministic criticality and reactor physics codes. This paper overviews the generation of these nuclear data libraries by Latin hypercube sampling of JEFF-3.1.2 evaluated data based upon a library of covariance data taken from JEFF, ENDF/B, JENDL and TENDL evaluations. Criticality calculations have been performed with MONK10 and WIMS10 using these sampled libraries for a number of benchmark models of fissile systems. Results are presented which show the uncertainty on k-effective for these systems arising from the uncertainty on the input nuclear data.

  20. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological assessment for detecting brain injury in a prospective cohort of university amateur boxers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M.G. Hart

    2017-01-01

    Conclusion: While this neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment protocol could not detect any evidence of brain injury, one boxer developed seizures and another developed a chronic sub-dural haematoma.

  1. A WIMS-NESTLE reactor physics model for an RBMK reactor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Perry, R.T.; Meriwether, G.H.

    1996-01-01

    This work describes the static neutronic calculations made for a three-dimensional model of an RBMK (Russian) reactor. Future work will involve the use of this neutronic model and a thermal-hydraulic model in coupled calculations. The lattice code, WIMS-D, was used to obtain the cross sections for the static neutronic calculations. The static reactor neutronic calculations were made with NESTLE, a three-dimensional nodal diffusion code. The methods used to establish an RBMK reactor model for use in these codes are discussed, and the cross sections calculated are given

  2. A WIMS-NESTLE reactor physics model for an RBMK reactor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Perry, R.T.; Meriwether, G.H.

    1996-01-01

    This work describes the static neutronic calculations made for a three-dimensional model of an RBMK (Russian) reactor. Future work will involve the use of this neutronic model and a thermal-hydraulic model in coupled calculations. The lattice code, WIMS-D, was used to obtain the cross sections for the static neutronic calculations. The static reactor neutronic calculations were made with NESTLE, a three-dimensional nodal diffusion code. The methods used to establish an RBMK reactor model for use in these codes are discussed, and the cross sections calculated are given. (author)

  3. Comparison of Wims-Aecl / Dragon / RFSP and MCNP results with Zed-2 measurements for control device worth and reactor kinetics - 037

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pencer, J.; Choy Wong, F.; Bromley, B.P.; Atfield, J.; Zeller, M.

    2010-01-01

    This paper summarizes comparisons between MCNP5 and WIMS-AECL / DRAGON / RFSP calculations and experimental results obtained from the Zero Energy Deuterium (ZED-2) critical facility at AECL Chalk River Laboratories. MCNP5 and WIMS-AECL / DRAGON / RFSP were used to calculate reactivity worths for two reactivity devices, a mechanical zone controller (MZC) and shut-off rod (SOR) in a lattice similar to that of the ACR-1000 R . WIMS-AECL / DRAGON / RFSP was also used to obtain kinetics parameters for a transient based on a rod drop of a ZED-2 standby absorber rod (SAR). ZED-2 experiments were performed using 43-element ACR Low Enriched Uranium (ACR-LEU) fuel bundles with H 2 O- or air-cooled fuel bundles arranged in a 24-cm pitch square lattice. Calculations with MCNP5 gave biases in device worths that were within 0.2 mk of measured values, while WIMS-AECL / DRAGON / RFSP gave values that were within 0.3 mk of measured values. Transient analyses using the CERBERUS module within RFSP yielded a total delayed neutron fraction (β) that was within 4% of the value derived by point kinetics analysis of experimental data. The corresponding delayed photo-neutron fraction (β photo-neutron ) from CERBERUS was within 5% of that derived by point kinetics. This study has helped quantify the agreement between calculation and measurement for codes that are used in the safety analysis of the ACR-1000 reactor. Results demonstrate good agreement in code predictions. (authors)

  4. A Wims E analysis of the zero energy experiments of Dragon prior to charge IV - Addendum to Part 1: The spectrum calculations. A note for discussion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lancefield, M J

    1973-09-15

    The original paper contained a section describing two possible schemes for condensing channel averaged cross-section data from 32 to 3 groups. Each scheme envisaged a two stage process involving a condensation to an intermediate number of groups based on a relatively crude spectrum calculation followed by a second condensation to 3 groups using condensing spectra from a more refined calculation. The original purpose of the intermediate condensation was to remove redundant groups (e.g. groups around the Pu resonance that are of little importance in this analysis) as cheaply as possible. A crude 32 group 1-D or R-Z SNAP calculation would be used to provide spectra for a condensation to about 15 groups. This would be followed by a condensation from 15 to 3 groups using spectra from a refined multi cell WIMS calculation. An alternative, preferred approach enlarges the role of the intermediate condensation by performing a condensation to fewer groups, perhaps 9, using a better spectrum calculation than the SNAP scheme proposed above. The second condensation would then be from 9 to 3 groups. For this approach it is intended that the same type of spectrum calculation be performed at each stage, based on a multi cell WIMS model and differing only in the coarseness of the mesh. Possible mesh layouts for the multi cell WIMS calculations will be discussed in section 3. There is a consistency in this approach since the first multi cell WIMS mesh layout can be set up as a sub-set of the second multi cell WIMS map; consequently a good flux guess from the first calculation should be easily associated with the second calculation for re-start purposes. The method is also expected to be easier to execute than one based on two different models (i.e. SNAP and multi cell WIMS).

  5. Generation of the WIMS code library from the ENDF/B-VI basic library

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aboustta, Mohamed Ali Bashir.

    1994-01-01

    The WIMS code is being presently used in many research centers and educational institutions in the world. It has proven to be versatile, reliable and diverse as it is used to calculate different reactor systems. Its data library is rich of useful information that can even be condensed to serve other codes, but the copy distributed with the code is not updated. Some of its data has never been changed, others had changed many times to accommodate certain experimental setups and some data is, simply, not included. This work is an attempt to dominate the techniques used in generating a multigroup library as being applied to the WIMS data library. This new library is called UFMGLIB. A new set of consistent data was generated from the basic ENDF/B-VI library, including complete data for the fission product nuclides and more elaborated burnup chains. The performance of the library is comparable to that of the Standard library accompanying the code and a later library, WIMKAL 88, generated by a group of the Korean Research Institute of Atomic Energy. (author). 38 refs., 40 figs., 30 tabs

  6. Determining the nuclear data uncertainty on MONK10 and WIMS10 criticality calculations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ware Tim

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The ANSWERS Software Service is developing a number of techniques to better understand and quantify uncertainty on calculations of the neutron multiplication factor, k-effective, in nuclear fuel and other systems containing fissile material. The uncertainty on the calculated k-effective arises from a number of sources, including nuclear data uncertainties, manufacturing tolerances, modelling approximations and, for Monte Carlo simulation, stochastic uncertainty. For determining the uncertainties due to nuclear data, a set of application libraries have been generated for use with the MONK10 Monte Carlo and the WIMS10 deterministic criticality and reactor physics codes. This paper overviews the generation of these nuclear data libraries by Latin hypercube sampling of JEFF-3.1.2 evaluated data based upon a library of covariance data taken from JEFF, ENDF/B, JENDL and TENDL evaluations. Criticality calculations have been performed with MONK10 and WIMS10 using these sampled libraries for a number of benchmark models of fissile systems. Results are presented which show the uncertainty on k-effective for these systems arising from the uncertainty on the input nuclear data.

  7. On the structure of Lattice code WIMSD-5B

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Won Young; Min, Byung Joo

    2004-03-01

    The WIMS-D code is a freely available thermal reactor physics lattice code used widely for thermal research and power reactor calculation. Now the code WIMS-AECL, developed on the basis of WIMS-D, has been used as one of lattice codes for the cell calculation in Canada and also, in 1998, the latest version WIMSD-5B is released for OECD/NEA Data Bank. While WIMS-KAERI was developed and has been used, originated from WIMS-D, in Korea, it was adjusted for the cell calculation of research reactor HANARO and so it has no confirmaty to CANDU reactor. Therefore, the code development applicable to cell calculation of CANDU reactor is necessary not only for technological independence and but also for the establishment of CANDU safety analysis system. A lattice code WIMSD-5B was analyzed in order to set the system of reactor physics computer codes, to be used in the assessment of void reactivity effect. In order to improve and validate WIMSD-5B code, the analysis of the structure of WIMSD-5B lattice code was made and so its structure, algorithm and the subroutines of WIMSD-5B were presented for the cluster type and the pij method modelling the CANDU-6 fuel

  8. Calculation analysis of Wims/D4-Batan-2DIFF neutron spectrum on RSG-GAS with cadmium ratio

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Radianti, I.B.; Zuhair; Hamzah, A.

    1998-01-01

    The calculation analysis of WIMS/D4-BATAN-2DIFF neutron spectrum was performed by comparison the calculation result of cadmium ratio with the experiment result on CIP, IP2, IP3 and IP4 irradiation positions of RSG GAS tenth core. The foils of Au, Mn and Co were used for determination of the measured and calculated cadmium ratios. Spectrum calculation was done in 69 energy group with 541 energy group (till 10 MeV) cross section of foil absorption reaction. The difference values between cadmium ratio calculation and experiment result for all cases were in interval of 11.0%-26.3% which are out of measurement deviation range. From these result, it concluded that the use of WIM /D4 in generating group constant is not sufficient to obtain the neutron spectrum, especially for non-fuel region

  9. Preliminary study of molten-salt breeder reactor using the WIMS-D/4 code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Oliveira, J.T. de.

    1994-01-01

    The features and operation of the Molten-Salt Breeder Reactors - MSBR -are presented. Information about the conversion, breeding and Thorium burn-up chain with the differential equations for the isotopes is given. A few group constants for the different cells of the Single Fluid MSBR 1000 MWe are also presented. The WIMS methods, resonant treatment, leakage corrections, burn up chains, input and output data are commented. (author). 55 refs

  10. Are boxer shorts really better? A critical analysis of the role of underwear type in male subfertility.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Munkelwitz, R; Gilbert, B R

    1998-10-01

    Elevation of testicular temperature may result in arrest of spermatogenesis, abnormal semen parameters and sterility. It has been proposed that brief style underwear may produce scrotal hyperthermia and lead to clinical subfertility. Although this idea is regarded as dogma by many in the lay community and the changing of underwear type is a therapy frequently recommended by medical practitioners, there is a paucity of data measuring scrotal temperature as a function of underwear type. Scrotal, core and skin temperatures were measured in 97 consecutive men presenting for evaluation of primary clinical subfertility. These cases were categorized by underwear type to boxer or brief group. Semen analyses were obtained in all patients. Individuals from each group were compared to ascertain differences in temperature when wearing and not wearing underwear. Baseline semen parameters also were compared. In 14 subjects (crossover group) underwear type was changed to the alternative type and scrotal temperature measurements were repeated. Literature regarding underwear type, testicular temperature and/or fertility was reviewed and critically analyzed. Mean scrotal temperature plus or minus standard deviation was 33.8 +/- 0.8 C and 33.6 +/- 1.1 C in the boxer and brief group, respectively. There were no significant temperature differences between the groups. Differential temperatures comparing core to scrotal temperature and semen parameters also were not significantly different. These observations remained constant in the crossover group. The hyperthermic effect of brief style underwear has been exaggerated. In our study there was no difference in scrotal temperature depending on underwear type. It is unlikely that underwear type has a significant effect on male fertility. Routinely advising infertility patients to wear boxer shorts cannot be supported by available scientific evidence.

  11. Generation and validation of the WIMS-D5 library based on JENDL-3.2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gil, Choong-Sup; Kim, Jung-Do

    2002-01-01

    A WIMS-D5 library based on JENDL-3.2 has been prepared and is being tested against benchmark problems. Several sensitivity calculations for stability confirmation of the library were carried out, such as fission spectrum dependency and the self-shielding effects of the elastic scattering cross sections and the self-shielding effects 240 Pu and 242 Pu capture cross sections below 4.0 eV. The results of benchmark calculations with the libraries based on JENDL-3.2, ENDF/B-VI.5, JEF-2.2, and the 1986 WIMS-D library were intercompared. The multiplication factors for the thermal lattices are slightly underpredicted by all libraries (up to 1% with ENDF/B-VI.5). The k eff values with the library based on JENDL-3.2 are slightly higher than those of ENDF/B-VI.5 and JEF-2.2. The spectral indices for the lattices with JENDL-3.2 agree with the measured quantities within the uncertainties of the experiments. The calculated amounts of some isotopes such as 149 Sm, 237 Np, 238 Pu, 242 Cm and 243 Cm show large differences from the measured or reference values. (author)

  12. Validation of DRAGON code in connection with WIMS-AECL/RFSP code system based on ENDF/B-VI library and two group model

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hong, In Seob; Suk, Ho Chun; Kim, Soon Young; Jo, Chang Keun

    2002-06-01

    The major objective of this research is to validate the incremental cross section property of DRAGON code in connection with WIMS-AECL/DRAGON/RFSP code system with ENDF/B-VI library and full 2G calculation model. The direct comparison between the incremental cross section results calculated by DRAGON with ENDF/B-VI and ENDF/B-V and MULTICELL with ENDF/B-V indicate that there are not much differences between the incremental cross sections of DRAGON with ENDF/B-V and ENDF/B-VI, but there exists large discrepancies between the results of DRAGON and those of MULTICELL. In the analysis of the difference between calculated and measured reactivity worths of various types of control devices during Phase-B Post-Simulation of Wolsong Units 2, 3 and 4, WIMS-AECL/DRAGON/RFSP analysis well agrees with those of previous WIMS-AECL /MULTICELL/RFSP analysis within very small differences. From those results, we can conclude that DRAGON code can be used as a general purpose incremental cross section generation tool for not only the natural uranium fuel but also slightly enriched fuel such as RU or SEU, to cover the shortcomings of natural uranium based MULTICELL code

  13. Analysis of Moderator Temperature Reactivity Coefficient of the PWR Core Using WIMS-ANL

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tukiran; Rokhmadi

    2007-01-01

    The Moderator Temperature Reactivity Coefficient (MTRC) is an important parameter in design, control and safety, particularly in PWR reactor. It is then very important to validate any new processed library for an accurate prediction of this parameter. The objective of this work is to validate the newly WIMS library based on ENDF/B-VI nuclear data files, especially for the prediction of the MTRC parameter. For this purpose, it is used a set of light water moderated lattice experiments as the NORA experiment and R1-100H critical reactors, both of reactors using UO 2 fuel pellet. Analysis is used with WIMSD/4 lattice code with original cross section libraries and WIMS-ANL with ENDF/B-VI cross section libraries. The results showed that the moderator temperatures reactivity coefficients for the NORA reactor using original libraries is - 5.039E-04 %Δk/k/℃ but for ENDF/B-VI libraries is - 2.925E-03 %Δk/k/℃. Compared to the designed value of the reactor core, the difference is in the range of 1.8 - 3.8 % for ENDF/B-IV libraries. It can be concluded that for reactor safety and control analysis, it has to be used ENDF/B- VI libraries because the original libraries is not accurate any more. (author)

  14. Validation of the code ETOBOX/BOXER for UO2 LWR lattices based on the experiments TRX, BAPL-UO2 and other critical experiments

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Paratte, J.M.

    1985-07-01

    The EIR codes system for LWR arrays is based on cross sections taken out of ENDF/B-4 and ENDF/B-5 by the code ETOBOX. The calculation method for the arrays (code BOXER) and the cross sections as well were applied to the CSEWG benchmark experiments TRX-1 to 4 and BAPL-UO/sub 2/-1 to 3. The results are compared to the measured values and to some calculations of other institutions as well. This demonstrates that the deviations of the parameters calculated by BOXER are typical for the cross sections used. A large number of critical experiments were calculated using the measured material bucklings in order to bring to light possible trends in the calculation of the multiplication factor k/sub eff/. First it came out that the error bounds of B/sub m//sup 2/ evalu-ated in the measurements are often optimistic. Two-dimensional calculations improved the results of the cell calculations. With a mean scattering of 4 to 5 mk in the normal arrays, the multiplication factors calculated by BOXER are satisfactory. However one has to take into account a slight trend of k/sub eff/ to grow with the moderator to fuel ratio and the enrichment. (author)

  15. Generation of Matxs-formated nuclear data libraries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vontobel, P.

    1989-01-01

    Using the NJOY nuclear data processing system, three multigroup MATXS-formated nuclear data libraries were generated based on the European data files JEF-1 and EFF-1. After processing with TRAMIX, TRANSX, or TRANSX-CTR these libraries can be red into most transport and diffusion codes. For the neutron analysis of gas-cooled or water moderated thermal reactor systems (including high converter PWR's) a 70-group WIMS-BOXER structured library was generated. A general purpose fine group library in 308 groups is provided for thermal as well as for fast reactor systems. A coupled 175 neutron/42 photon-group library in VITAMIN-J structure was created for the analysis of shielding problems and fusion blanket design. A problem found when using CRAY's CFT77 compiler to implement NJOY87 is discussed. The problem of irregular selfshielding factors from UNRESR for some isotopes and (σ 0 , material temperature)-combinations in the unresolved resonance range is addressed

  16. Battery of Pedagogical Test to evaluate the preparation of the boxers (1st category of the Academy of Havana during the 2016 ATR structure

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Liuban Alvarado Castillo

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available The present work aims to expose the technical-methodological experiences in the application of a battery of Pedagogical Test to the provincial selection of boxing of the first category belonging to the Academy of Havana during the Macrocycle 2016. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used., as were the logical historical method, inductive deductive, synthesis analysis, observation, interview, measurement, pre experiment and descriptive statistics. In addition, we worked with 100% of the population. The dates of the fundamental competitions, both national and international, in which the team was called to obtain positive results in the "Roberto Balado" International Cup, the National Boxing League and the National Tournament, were taken into consideration for said investigation. "Playa Girón", fundamental events of the season. The studied population was 28 boxers belonging to the Provincial Seniors Selection. Due to the application of the Pedagogical Test battery, it was possible to evaluate the level of preparation achieved by the sample investigated during the development of the ATR structure (Accumulation-Transformation-Realization. All of which allowed to have more control and precision during the planning of each of the training directions during the stage of the investigation.

  17. Plasma creatine kinase B correlates with injury severity and symptoms in professional boxers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kilianski, Joseph; Peeters, Sophie; Debad, Jeff; Mohmed, Joseph; Wolf, Steven E; Minei, Joseph P; Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon; Gatson, Joshua W

    2017-11-01

    Each year in the United States, approximately 1.7 million people sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Of these TBI events, about 75 percent are characterized as being mild brain injuries. Immediately following TBI, a secondary brain damage persists for hours, days, and even months. Previously, detection of neuronal and glial biomarkers have proven to be useful to predict neurological outcomes. Here, we hypothesized that creatine kinase, brain (CKBB) is a sensitive biomarker for acute secondary brain injury in professional boxers. Blood (8cc) was collected from the boxing athletes (n=18) prior to and after competition (∼30min). The plasma levels of CKBB were measured using the Meso Scale Diagnostic (MSD) electrochemiluminescence (ECL) array-based multiplex format. Additional data such as number of blows to the head and symptom score (Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire) were collected. At approximately 30min after the competition, the plasma levels of CKBB were significantly elevated in concussed professional boxers and correlated with the number of blows to the head and symptom scores. Additionally, receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis yielded a 77.8% sensitivity and a specificity of 82.4% with an area under the curve (AUC) of 90% for CKBB as an identifier of secondary brain injury within this population. This study describes the detection of CKBB as a brain biomarker to detect secondary brain injury in professional athletes that have experienced multiple high impact blows to the head. This acute biomarker may prove useful in monitoring secondary brain injury after injury. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Comparison of amateur boxing before and after the 2013 rules change and the impact on boxers' safety.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Davis, Philip; Waldock, Robert; Connorton, Andrew; Driver, Sonny; Anderson, Sean

    2018-06-01

    The effect of the rules change in 2013 on amateur boxing strategy, technique and safety in comparison with pre-2013 is unknown. Pre-2013 and post-2013 3×3 min elite level amateur boxing was compared from video footage of 29 Olympic (pre-2013) and 50 World Championship bouts (post-2013) totalling 99 male boxers (mean±SD) age: 24.3±3.2 years, height: 177.3±11.3 cm and body mass: 70.7±16.4 kg. Many techniques that were dominant pre-2013 were used less post-2013, including: total punches thrown, rear hand punches, hook rear hand, punches landed, uppercut punches, total punches to the body (all boxing. An increased risk of concussive or traumatic brain injury post-2013 is equivocal. However, an increase in skin splits and technical knockouts is apparent. It is likely that boxers believe head guard removal has made them more prone to knockouts. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

  19. Technical exercises for the execution of straight punches in boxers of the child category

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giraldo Machuat Santana

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available The present research aims to put into the hands of the coaches a material whose value in the methodological didactic can serve as a tool in the search for alternative solutions to the problems that today affect the technical and tactical preparation of our boxers from the point of view an offensive view, specifically on the effectiveness of straight blows to the face and trunk. For the accomplishment of this work a sample of 12 athletes was chosen, all belonging to the category 11-12 years of the municipality San Juan y Martínez to which as an experimental form ,the introduction of a methodology supported in a set of exercises was applied, as part of the teaching-learning process of athletes, regarding the execution of straight blows to the face and trunk, as an essential tactical offensive technical aspect in this age category to achieve victory in combat. A total of 16 observations were made to trainings and competitions to appreciate how the technique behaved in the execution of these blows by the athletes research subject. As a result there is a proposal of exercises that through a correct execution and implementation can contribute to the improvement of the effectiveness in the execution of the straight blows to the face and trunk of the boxers of the category 11 and 12 years of the combined sport nº 1 of the municipality San Juan y Martínez.

  20. Experience with the WIMS computer code at Skoda Plzen

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vacek, J.; Mikolas, P.

    1991-01-01

    Validation of the program for neutronics analysis is described. Computational results are compared with results of experiments on critical assemblies and with results of other codes for different types of lattices. Included are the results for lattices containing Gd as burnable absorber. With minor exceptions, the results of benchmarking were quite satisfactory and justified the inclusion of WIMS in the production system of codes for WWER analysis. The first practical application was the adjustment of the WWER-440 few-group diffusion constants library of the three-dimensional diffusion code MOBY-DICK, which led to a remarkable improvement of results for operational states. Then a new library for the analysis of WWER-440 start-up was generated and tested and at present a new library for the analysis of WWER-440 operational states is being tested. Preparation of the library for WWER-1000 is in progress. (author). 19 refs

  1. Sparring And Neurological Function In Professional Boxers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    John W Stiller

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available AbstractDespite increased interest regarding the potentially long-term negative impact of chronic traumatic brain injury (CTBI, limited research had been conducted regarding such injuries and neurological outcomes in real world settings. To increase understanding regarding the relationship between sparring (e.g., number of years actively training for professional boxing and neurological functioning, professional boxers (n = 237 who competed in Maryland between 2003 to 2008 completed measures regarding sparring exposure (Cumulative Sparring Index; CSI and performance on tests of cognition (Symbol Digit Modalities Test; SDMT and balance (Sharpened Romberg Test; SRT. Measures were completed prior to boxing matches. Higher scores on the CSI (increased sparring exposure were associated with poorer performance on both tests of cognition (SDMT and balance (SRT. A threshold effect was noted regarding performance on the SDMT, with those reporting CSI values greater than about 150 experiencing a decline in cognition. A history of frequent and/or intense sparring may pose a significant risk for developing boxing associated neurological sequelae. Implementing administration of clinically meaningful tests before bouts, such as the CSI, SDMT, and/or the SRT, as well as documentation of results into the boxer’s physicals or medical profiles may be an important step for improving boxing safety.

  2. Valor prognóstico da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e da eletrocardiografia ambulatorial em cães Boxer com cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P.P.C. Chamas

    Full Text Available RESUMO A cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito (CAVD é uma importante causa de morte súbita em cães da raça Boxer. A validação de fatores prognósticos para essa doença auxiliaria na detecção de animais mais gravemente afetados e sua exclusão dos programas de reprodução. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o valor prognóstico da presença de manifestações clínicas, dos índices de variabilidade de frequência cardíaca (VFC e das arritmias supraventriculares ou ventriculares registradas à monitorização eletrocardiográfica com Holter na sobrevida de cães Boxer em diferentes estágios da CAVD. Essas variáveis foram analisadas, de forma prospectiva, em 69 cães Boxer, divididos em cinco grupos: cães Boxer controle (grupo CB, 300 VPC/24 horas, n=19, cães Boxer com CAVD e disfunção sistólica sem insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (grupo SDB sem ICC, n=6 e com ICC (grupo SDB com ICC, n=8. A análise estatística compreendeu teste ANOVA, correlação de Pearson e análise de riscos proporcionais de Cox. Comparando-se com o grupo CB, não foi encontrada diminuição nos índices de VFC nos grupos SB, ARVC ou SDB sem ICC; por outro lado, o grupo SDB com ICC apresentou diminuição desses índices. Não houve relação entre os índices de VFC e a morte de origem cardíaca; porém, a presença de síncopes com ou sem sinais clínicos de ICC e o número de episódios de taquicardia ventricular (TV correlacionaram-se com a sobrevida dos animais. Estes resultados permitem concluir que a presença de sinais clínicos de ICC, a presença de síncopes e o número de TV ao Holter apresentam valor prognóstico de sobrevida em cães Boxer com CAVD.

  3. PHYSIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SENIOR AND JUNIOR ENGLAND INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR BOXERS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcus S. Smith

    2006-07-01

    Full Text Available Despite worldwide popularity of amateur boxing, research focussed on the physiological demands of the sport is limited. The physiological profile of Senior and Junior England international amateur boxers is presented. A gradual (8 to 21-days and rapid (0 to 7-days phase of body weight reduction was evident with 2.2 ± 0.3 % of the 7.0 ± 0. 8 % weight loss occurring over the final 24-hours. An increase in body weight >4% was observed following a recovery period. High urine osmolality values (> 1000 mOsm·kg-1 were recorded during training and competition. High post-competition blood lactate values (>13.5 mmol·l-1 highlighted the need for a well-developed anaerobic capacity and the importance of not entering the ring in a glycogen depleted state. The aerobic challenge of competition was demonstrated by maximum heart rate values being recorded during 'Open' sparring. Mean body fat values of 9-10% were similar to those reported for other weight classified athletes. Normal resting values were reported for hematocrit (Senior 48 ± 2 % and Junior 45 ± 2 %, haemoglobin (Senior 14.7 ± 1.0 g·dl-1 and Junior 14.5 ± 0.8 g·dl-1, bilirubin (Senior 15.3 ± 6.2 µmol·l-1-1 and ferritin (Senior 63.3 ± 45.7 ng·ml-1. No symptoms associated with asthma or exercise-induced asthma was evident. A well- developed aerobic capacity was reflected in the Senior VO2max value of 63.8 ± 4.8 ml·kg-1·min-1. Senior lead hand straight punching force (head 1722 ± 700 N and body 1682 ± 636 N was lower than the straight rear hand (head 2643 ± 1273 N and body 2646 ± 1083 N, lead hook (head 2412 ± 813 N and body 2414 ± 718 N and rear hook (head 2588 ± 1040 N and body 2555 ± 926 N. It was concluded that amateur boxing performance is dependent on the interplay between anaerobic and aerobic energy systems. Current weight making methods may lead to impaired substrate availability, leading to reduced competitive performance and an increased risk to a boxers health

  4. A NOVEL APPROACH TO FIND OPTIMIZED NEUTRON ENERGY GROUP STRUCTURE IN MOX THERMAL LATTICES USING SWARM INTELLIGENCE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. AKBARI

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Energy group structure has a significant effect on the results of multigroup transport calculations. It is known that UO2–PUO2 (MOX is a recently developed fuel which consumes recycled plutonium. For such fuel which contains various resonant nuclides, the selection of energy group structure is more crucial comparing to the UO2 fuels. In this paper, in order to improve the accuracy of the integral results in MOX thermal lattices calculated by WIMSD-5B code, a swarm intelligence method is employed to optimize the energy group structure of WIMS library. In this process, the NJOY code system is used to generate the 69 group cross sections of WIMS code for the specified energy structure. In addition, the multiplication factor and spectral indices are compared against the results of continuous energy MCNP-4C code for evaluating the energy group structure. Calculations performed in four different types of H2O moderated UO2–PuO2 (MOX lattices show that the optimized energy structure obtains more accurate results in comparison with the WIMS original structure.

  5. The Potential and Beneficial Use of Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) Systems Integrated with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Systems for Characterizing Disposal of Waste Debris to Optimize the Waste Shipping Process

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Abercrombie, Robert K.; Buckner, Dooley Jr.; Newton, David D.

    2010-01-01

    The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) system provides a portable and/or semi-portable means of accurately weighing vehicles and its cargo as each vehicle crosses the scales (while in motion), and determining (1) axle weights and (2) axle spacing for vehicles (for determination of Bridge Formula compliance), (3) total vehicle/cargo weight and (4) longitudinal center of gravity (for safety considerations). The WIM system can also weigh the above statically. Because of the automated nature of the WIM system, it eliminates the introduction of human errors caused by manual computations and data entry, adverse weather conditions, and stress. Individual vehicles can be weighed continuously at low speeds (approximately 3-10 mph) and at intervals of less than one minute. The ORNL WIM system operates and is integrated into the Bethel Jacobs Company Transportation Management and Information System (TMIS, a Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) enabled information system). The integrated process is as follows: Truck Identification Number and Tare Weight are programmed into a RFID Tag. Handheld RFID devices interact with the RFID Tag, and Electronic Shipping Document is written to the RFID Tag. The RFID tag read by an RFID tower identifies the vehicle and its associated cargo, the specific manifest of radioactive debris for the uniquely identified vehicle. The weight of the cargo (in this case waste debris) is calculated from total vehicle weight information supplied from WIM to TMIS and is further processed into the Information System and kept for historical and archival purposes. The assembled data is the further process in downstream information systems where waste coordination activities at the Y-12 Environmental Management Waste Management Facility (EMWMF) are written to RFID Tag. All cycle time information is monitored by Transportation Operations and Security personnel.

  6. "Experience Is Our Great and Only Teacher": A Peircean Reading of Wim Wenders' "Wings of Desire"

    Science.gov (United States)

    Strand, Torill

    2014-01-01

    Wim Wenders' film "Wings of Desire" tells the story of an angel who wishes to become mortal in order to know the simple joy of human life. Told from the angel's point of view, the film is shot in black and white. But at the very instant the angel perceives the realities of human experience, the film blossoms into colour. In…

  7. WIMS/PANTHER analysis of UO2/MOX cores using embedded super-cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Knight, M.; Bryce, P.; Hall, S.

    2012-01-01

    This paper describes a method of analysing PWR UO 2 MOX cores with WIMS/PANTHER. Embedded super-cells, run within the reactor code, are used to correct the standard methodology of using 2-group smeared data from single assembly lattice calculations. In many other codes the weakness of this standard approach has been improved for MOX by imposing a more realistic environment in the lattice code, or by improving the sophistication of the reactor code. In this approach an intermediate set of calculations is introduced, leaving both lattice and reactor calculations broadly unchanged. The essence of the approach is that the whole core is broken down into a set of 'embedded' super-cells, each extending over just four quarter assemblies, with zero leakage imposed at the assembly mid-lines. Each supercell is solved twice, first with a detailed multi-group pin-by-pin solution, and then with the standard single assembly approach. Correction factors are defined by comparing the two solutions, and these can be applied in whole core calculations. The restriction that all such calculations are modelled with zero leakage means that they are independent of each other and of the core-wide flux shape. This allows parallel pre-calculation for the entire cycle once the loading pattern has been determined, in much the same way that single assembly lattice calculations can be pre-calculated once the range of fuel types is known. Comparisons against a whole core pin-by-pin reference demonstrates that the embedding process does not introduce a significant error, even after burnup and refuelling. Comparisons against a WIMS reference demonstrate that a pin-by-pin multi-group diffusion solution is capable of capturing the main interface effects. This therefore defines a practical approach for achieving results close to lattice code accuracy, but broadly at the cost of a standard reactor calculation. (authors)

  8. New ENDF/B-V nuclear data library for WIMS-D4M

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Deen, J.R.; Woodruff, W.L.; Costescu, C.I.

    1994-01-01

    A new 69-group 96-material library has been created for use in WIMS-D4M. The latest SUN version of NJOY (91.27) was used to generate the ENDF/B-V-based cross-section library. The library also includes ENDF/B-V based fission yields, energy fission and energy per capture data. The upper energy boundary has been extended from 10 to 20 MeV in order to model high energy neutron reactions. Additional fuel and moderator temperatures have been included to better predict temperature coefficients. More excess potential scattering points have been added to increase the accuracy of self-shielded resonance cross-sections. Several benchmark comparisons have been made to validate the new library. (author)

  9. Modelling of 28-element UO2 flux-map critical experiments in ZED-2 using WIMS9A/PANTHER

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sissaoui, M.T.; Kozier, K.S.; Labrie, J.P.

    2011-01-01

    The accuracy of WIMS9A/PANTHER in modelling D 2 O-moderated, and H 2 O- or air-cooled, doubly heterogeneous lattices of fuel clusters has been demonstrated using 28-element UO 2 flux-map critical experiments in the ZED-2 facility. Presented here are the predicted k eff values, coolant void reactivity biases, and the radial and axial flux shapes.

  10. Comparison of MCNP and WIMS-AECL/RFSP calculations with high temperature substitution experiments in ZED-2 using CANFLEX-L VRF

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pencer, J.; Bromley, B.P.; Watts, D.G.; Carlson, P.; Rauket, A.; Zeller, M.

    2009-01-01

    This paper summarizes comparisons of calculation results from MCNP5 and WIMS-AECL / RFSP with experimental results obtained from the Zero Energy Deuterium (ZED-2) critical facility, examining CANFLEX Low Void Reactivity Fuel (CANFLEX-LVRF) in heated channels, substituted into a reference lattice and cooled under ACR-like coolant conditions, with H 2 O, air, or CO 2 as an air substitute. CANFLEX-LVRF shares features in common with the ACR-1000 fuel, notably an increase in enrichment (over natural uranium) in the outer elements of the fuel bundle, and presence of a neutron absorber in the central element. The reference and substituted fuel channels were arranged in a 24.5-cm hexagonal lattice in order to provide neutron similarity to the 24-cm square lattice pitch of the ACR-1000. These results therefore provide useful data for validation of the reactor physics toolset for use in ACR-1000 applications. For the mixed lattices, results for both MCNP5 and WIMS-AECL / RFSP show small biases in k eff , ranging from -7 mk to -5 mk, small biases in coolant void reactivity, ranging from -1 mk to +0.5 mk, and good agreement for copper activation rate distributions (based on calculated neutron flux). Bare core MCNP and WIMS-AECL stand-alone results, based on substitution analysis, also show small biases in k eff , ranging from -6 mk to -0.4 mk, and small biases in coolant void reactivity, ranging from -0.3 mk to +3.7 mk. This validation exercise thus gives good agreement between measurement and calculation and provides confidence in the accuracy of the physics toolset. (author)

  11. Sensitivity analysis on various parameters for lattice analysis of DUPIC fuel with WIMS-AECL code

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Roh, Gyu Hong; Choi, Hang Bok; Park, Jee Won [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejon (Korea, Republic of)

    1998-12-31

    The code WIMS-AECL has been used for the lattice analysis of DUPIC fuel. The lattice parameters calculated by the code is sensitive to the choice of number of parameters, such as the number of tracking lines, number of condensed groups, mesh spacing in the moderator region, other parameters vital to the calculation of probabilities and burnup analysis. We have studied this sensitivity with respect to these parameters and recommend their proper values which are necessary for carrying out the lattice analysis of DUPIC fuel.

  12. Sensitivity analysis on various parameters for lattice analysis of DUPIC fuel with WIMS-AECL code

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Roh, Gyu Hong; Choi, Hang Bok; Park, Jee Won [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejon (Korea, Republic of)

    1997-12-31

    The code WIMS-AECL has been used for the lattice analysis of DUPIC fuel. The lattice parameters calculated by the code is sensitive to the choice of number of parameters, such as the number of tracking lines, number of condensed groups, mesh spacing in the moderator region, other parameters vital to the calculation of probabilities and burnup analysis. We have studied this sensitivity with respect to these parameters and recommend their proper values which are necessary for carrying out the lattice analysis of DUPIC fuel.

  13. Dreaming with a sense of reality. Winner of the 2004 Royal Shell Award for biofuels research professor Wim van Swaaij; Dromen met realiteitszin. Prof. Wim van Swaaij wint Koninklijke/Shell prijs voor biobrandstoffen-research

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    De Wit, P. (ed.)

    2004-12-01

    According to the winner of the 2004 Royal Shell Award for Sustainable Development biofuels will play a very important role in the world energy supply. However, the cultivation of energy crops may not be at the expense of the cultivation of crops for food. [Dutch] Biobrandstoffen gaan een zeer belangrijke rol spelen in de wereldenergievoorziening, stelt prof. Wim van Swaaij. Deze winnaar van de Koninklijke/Shell Prijs voor duurzame ontwikkeling 2004 vindt wel dat de teelt van energiegewassen niet ten nadele mag gaan van de teelt van voedingsgewassen.

  14. WIMS/PANTHER analysis of UO{sub 2}/MOX cores using embedded super-cells

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Knight, M.; Bryce, P. [EDF Energy, Barnett Way, Barnwood, Gloucester (United Kingdom); Hall, S. [Advanced Modelling and Computation Group, Imperial College, London (United Kingdom)

    2012-07-01

    This paper describes a method of analysing PWR UO{sub 2}MOX cores with WIMS/PANTHER. Embedded super-cells, run within the reactor code, are used to correct the standard methodology of using 2-group smeared data from single assembly lattice calculations. In many other codes the weakness of this standard approach has been improved for MOX by imposing a more realistic environment in the lattice code, or by improving the sophistication of the reactor code. In this approach an intermediate set of calculations is introduced, leaving both lattice and reactor calculations broadly unchanged. The essence of the approach is that the whole core is broken down into a set of 'embedded' super-cells, each extending over just four quarter assemblies, with zero leakage imposed at the assembly mid-lines. Each supercell is solved twice, first with a detailed multi-group pin-by-pin solution, and then with the standard single assembly approach. Correction factors are defined by comparing the two solutions, and these can be applied in whole core calculations. The restriction that all such calculations are modelled with zero leakage means that they are independent of each other and of the core-wide flux shape. This allows parallel pre-calculation for the entire cycle once the loading pattern has been determined, in much the same way that single assembly lattice calculations can be pre-calculated once the range of fuel types is known. Comparisons against a whole core pin-by-pin reference demonstrates that the embedding process does not introduce a significant error, even after burnup and refuelling. Comparisons against a WIMS reference demonstrate that a pin-by-pin multi-group diffusion solution is capable of capturing the main interface effects. This therefore defines a practical approach for achieving results close to lattice code accuracy, but broadly at the cost of a standard reactor calculation. (authors)

  15. Increased CSF levels of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy protein following bout in amateur boxers.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanna Neselius

    Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Diagnosis of mild TBI is hampered by the lack of imaging or biochemical measurements for identifying or quantifying mild TBI in a clinical setting. We have previously shown increased biomarker levels of protein reflecting axonal (neurofilament light protein and tau and glial (GFAP and S-100B damage in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF after a boxing bout. The aims of this study were to find other biomarkers of mild TBI, which may help clinicians diagnose and monitor mild TBI, and to calculate the role of APOE ε4 allele genotype which has been associated with poor outcome after TBI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty amateur boxers with a minimum of 45 bouts and 25 non-boxing matched controls were included in a prospective cohort study. CSF and blood were collected at one occasion between 1 and 6 days after a bout, and after a rest period for at least 14 days (follow up. The controls were tested once. CSF levels of neurofilament heavy (pNFH, amyloid precursor proteins (sAPPα and sAPPβ, ApoE and ApoA1 were analyzed. In blood, plasma levels of Aβ42 and ApoE genotype were analyzed. RESULTS: CSF levels of pNFH were significantly increased between 1 and 6 days after boxing as compared with controls (p<0.001. The concentrations decreased at follow up but were still significantly increased compared to controls (p = 0.018. CSF pNFH concentrations correlated with NFL (r =  0.57 after bout and 0.64 at follow up, p<0.001. No significant change was found in the other biomarkers, as compared to controls. Boxers carrying the APOE ε4 allele had similar biomarker concentrations as non-carriers. CONCLUSIONS: Subconcussive repetitive trauma in amateur boxing causes a mild TBI that may be diagnosed by CSF analysis of pNFH, even without unconsciousness or concussion symptoms. Possession of the APOE ε4 allele was not found to influence biomarker levels after acute TBI.

  16. Which thoughts can kill a boxer? naive theories about cognitive and emotional antecedents of suicide.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Spörrle, Matthias; Försterling, Friedrich

    2007-12-01

    We investigated naive theories regarding the association among beliefs, emotions and behaviours to test Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy's (REBT) assumption that rational cognitions and adaptive emotions lead to functional behaviours whereas irrational cognitions and maladaptive emotions trigger dysfunctional reactions. We applied an experimental between-subjects design. Participants read newspaper articles about the defeat of a boxer. In one condition, the authentic article informed participants that he committed suicide and in the other, a fictitious article about the same defeat described the athlete as successfully continuing his career. Different question formats were employed to assess participants' assumptions about the stimulus person's defeat-related cognitions and emotions: rating scales, sentence completion and free responses. Participants assumed significantly more irrational beliefs (e.g. I absolutely have to win) on the side of the boxer in the suicide scenario than in the non-suicide version. This finding was obtained by directive and non-directive assessment methods. Additionally, participants expected the suicidal stimulus person to be experiencing maladaptive emotions (e.g. depression, guilt) whereas a successful resumption of his career lead to expectations of adaptive affects (e.g. sadness, concern). Ratings of the functionality revealed that sadness, fear, annoyance and concern were expected to be more functional than depression, anxiety, rage and guilt. The results show that naive psychological theories about the antecedents of dysfunctional behaviour are in accordance with theoretical assumptions of REBT: Irrational beliefs are viewed to be connected with maladaptive emotions and to result in dysfunctional behaviour, and adaptive emotions are thought to be of higher functional value than their maladaptive counterparts. The use of different question formats and a between-subject design excluded that results are due to methodological

  17. Development of the air module for the work information management system. Environmental subsystem (WIMS-ES). Master's thesis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cantwell, R.A.; Davis, J.S.

    1992-09-01

    The primary objective of this research was to develop the air module for the Work Information Management System Environmental Subsystem (WIMSES). The air module will provide Air Force environmental managers with a management information system (MIS) to control the growing amount of air pollution data required to stay in compliance with the newly amended Clean Air Act. To develop the air module, the Air Force's air pollution management requirements were researched first. These requirements were then compared to the capabilities of existing air pollution MISs used in the Department of Defense, the Environmental Protection Agency, and in commercial industry. The research led to a draft air nodule that tracks a base's source inventory and associated permit, control equipment, and emission information. Each base's data will be fully accessible to headquarters personnel through the fully networked WIMS-ES. The draft air nodule was validated through an Air Staff review, an Air Force review, and finally, a workshop with Air Force air pollution experts. The finalized air module has been forwarded to the WIMS-ES programmers and will become the Air Force-wide air pollution MIS in early 1993.... Air pollution, Environmental management, Data management, Data bases, Management information systems, Information systems.

  18. Nutritional status in short-term overtraining boxers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandrova Albena

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available The diet is essential to the recovery process in athletes, especially those undergoing intensive training. The continuous imbalance between loading and recovery leads to development of overtraining syndrome. The purpose of this study was to establish the changes in the nutritional status of short-term overtrained athletes. Twelve boxers from the team of National Spoils Academy Sofia, Bulgaria during their preparation for the National Championship 2016 were studied. The measurements were conducted three times.in the beginning of preparation (T1, 22 days later (2 and 10 days after (32 days after first measurement, in the beginning of the recovery period, one week prior the competition (T3.The measurements included basic anthropometric data, overtraining questionnaire RESTO-Sport and nutrition questionnaire, plasma concentration of testosterone and cortisol.On the data of dietary survey the percent proportion and the amount of daily consumed proteins, fats and carbohydrates were defined and the energy intake of the tested athletes was calculated. According to the RESTO-Sport a significant decrease in the ratio stress/recovery was observed in the period with the heaviest training load T2, and an increase was estimated in the pre­competition recovery period T3. It was found a typical for the overtraining syndrome decrease in the concentration of testosterone and the ratio of testosterone/cortisol in T3. In some respondents a reduction in carbohydrates and proteins intake was observed in T2 and especially in T3, which correlates with the hormonal changes. In this work the diet changes was discussed as a possible consequence and/or a cause of the overtraining syndrome.

  19. Nutritional status in short-term overtraining boxers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alexandrova, Albena; Petrov, Lubomir; Zaekov, Nikolay; Bozhkov, Borislav; Zsheliaskova-Koynova, Zshivka

    2017-03-01

    The diet is essential to the recovery process in athletes, especially those undergoing intensive training. The continuous imbalance between loading and recovery leads to development of overtraining syndrome. The purpose of this study was to establish the changes in the nutritional status of short-term overtrained athletes. Twelve boxers from the team of National Spoils Academy Sofia, Bulgaria during their preparation for the National Championship 2016 were studied. The measurements were conducted three times.in the beginning of preparation (T1), 22 days later (2) and 10 days after (32 days after first measurement), in the beginning of the recovery period, one week prior the competition (T3).The measurements included basic anthropometric data, overtraining questionnaire RESTO-Sport and nutrition questionnaire, plasma concentration of testosterone and cortisol.On the data of dietary survey the percent proportion and the amount of daily consumed proteins, fats and carbohydrates were defined and the energy intake of the tested athletes was calculated. According to the RESTO-Sport a significant decrease in the ratio stress/recovery was observed in the period with the heaviest training load T2, and an increase was estimated in the pre­competition recovery period T3. It was found a typical for the overtraining syndrome decrease in the concentration of testosterone and the ratio of testosterone/cortisol in T3. In some respondents a reduction in carbohydrates and proteins intake was observed in T2 and especially in T3, which correlates with the hormonal changes. In this work the diet changes was discussed as a possible consequence and/or a cause of the overtraining syndrome.

  20. Validation of LWR calculation methods and JEF-1 based data libraries by TRX and BAPL critical experiments

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pelloni, S.; Grimm, P.; Mathews, D.; Paratte, J.M.

    1989-06-01

    In this report the capability of various code systems widely used at PSI (such as WIMS-D, BOXER, and the AARE modules TRAMIX and MICROX-2 in connection with the one-dimensional transport code ONEDANT) and JEF-1 based nuclear data libraries to compute LWR lattices is analysed by comparing results from thermal reactor benchmarks TRX and BAPL with experiment and with previously published values. It is shown that with the JEF-1 evaluation eigenvalues are generally well predicted within 8 mk (1 mk = 0.001) or less by all code systems, and that all methods give reasonable results for the measured reaction rate within or not too far from the experimental uncertainty. This is consistent with previous similar studies. (author) 7 tabs., 36 refs

  1. The relevance of echocardiography heart measures for breeding against the risk of subaortic and pulmonic stenosis in Boxer dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Menegazzo, L; Bussadori, C; Chiavegato, D; Quintavalla, C; Bonfatti, V; Guglielmini, C; Sturaro, E; Gallo, L; Carnier, P

    2012-02-01

    The aims of this study were to investigate the role and relative importance of auscultation and echocardiography traits as risk factors for the diagnosis of subaortic (SubAS) and pulmonic (PS) stenosis and to estimate the heritability (h(2)) of cardiac measurements taken through echocardiography for a random sample of Italian Boxer dogs. The data were cardiovascular examination results of 1,283 Italian Boxer dogs (686 females and 597 males) enrolled in the national screening program for heart defects arranged by the Italian Boxer Club. Examinations were performed during a 6-yr period by a group of 7 veterinary cardiologists following a standard protocol. Occurrence and severity of SubAS and PS were diagnosed, taking into account clinical and echocardiography findings such as the grade of cardiac murmur, direct ultrasound imaging of the anatomic obstructive lesions, and values of aortic or pulmonary blood flow velocities. A Bayesian logistic regression analysis was performed to identify clinical and echocardiography variables related to SubAS and PS diagnosis. Estimation of variance components for clinical and echocardiography traits was performed using a mixed linear animal model, Bayesian procedures, and the Gibbs sampler. Prevalence of SubAS (PS) was 8.4% (2.2) and 10.7% (6.4) for female and male dogs, respectively. Cardiac murmur, peak velocities, and annulus areas behaved as risk factors for SubAS and PS. The risk of a positive diagnosis for SubAS was 3 times greater for dogs with aortic annulus area dogs with areas >2.37 cm(2), 84 times greater for dogs showing aortic peak velocities >2.19 m/s relative to dogs with peak velocities dogs with moderate to severe murmur grades relative to dogs with absent murmur. Similar results were obtained for PS. The estimated h(2) for the occurrence of cardiac defects was 23.3% for SubAS and 8.6% for PS. Echocardiography and cardiac murmur grades exhibited moderate h(2) estimates and exploitable additive genetic variation

  2. Weighing in motion and characterization of the railroad traffic with using the B-WIM technique

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. A. DE CARVALHO NETO

    Full Text Available AbstractThe knowledge on the active moving load of a bridge is crucial for the achievement of the information on the behavior of the structure, and thus foresee maintenance, repairs and better definition of the logistics of its active vehicles. This paper presents the development of the algorithms for the application of the Bridge-Weigh In Motion (B-WIM method created by Moses for the weighing of trains during motion and also for the characterization of the rail traffic, allowing the obtainment of information like passage's train velocity and number and spacing of axles, eliminating the dynamic effect. There were implemented algorithms for the determination of the data referring to the geometry of the train and its loads, which were evaluated using a theoretical example, in which it was simulated the passage of the train over a bridge and the loads of its axles were determined with one hundred percent of precision. In addition, it was made a numerical example in finite elements of a reinforced concrete viaduct from the Carajás' Railroad, in which the developed system reached great results on the characterization and weighing of the locomotive when the constitutive equation of the Brazilian Standards was substituted by the one proposed by Collins and Mitchell.

  3. Índices ecoDopplercardiográficos de função ventricular esquerda em cães das raças Boxer e Schnauzer Miniatura EchoDopplercardiographic indexes of left ventricular function in Boxer and Miniature Schnauzer dogs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E.F. Silva

    2008-02-01

    Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o índice de performance do miocárdio (IPM e outros índices ecoDopplercardiográficos de função ventricular em cães de duas raças de diferentes biotipos. Foram utilizados 24 cães da raça Schnauzer Miniatura, com média de peso de 8,4±1,6kg, e 24 cães da raça Boxer, com média de peso de 25,1±2,6kg. O IPM na raça Schnauzer Miniatura foi 0,32 e na raça Boxer 0,48. Os valores do IPM, dos índices de fase de ejeção, do período de pré-ejeção, da relação período de pré-ejeção/período de ejeção e do tempo de desaceleração da onda E do fluxo mitral diferiram entre as duas raças. Observou-se correlação entre o peso corporal e esses índices, e o peso corporal foi considerado a principal característica racial responsável pelas diferenças observadas. O tempo de ejeção (r=-0,51, o período de pré-ejeção (r=-0,44 e o tempo de relaxamento isovolumétrico (r=-0,38 foram os únicos parâmetros a apresentar correlação com a freqüência cardíaca (FC. O uso da relação período de pré-ejeção/tempo de ejeção e do tempo de ejeção corrigido pela freqüência cardíaca diminui o efeito da FC sobre esses parâmetros.The index of myocardial performance (IMP and others ecoDopplercardiographic indexes of ventricular function were evaluated in dogs of two different breeds and somatotypes. Twenty-four Miniature Schnauzer dogs averaging 8.4±1.6kg and 24 Boxer dogs averaging 25.1±2.6kg were used. IPM, ejection phase indexes, pre-ejection period, pre-ejection period/ejection time relation, and E wave deceleration time of mitral inflow showed correlation to body weight with significant differences between the breeds. Body weight was considered the main breed characteristic responsible for the observed differences. Ejection time (r=-0.51, pre-ejection time (r=-0.44, and isovolumetric relaxation time (r=-0.38 presented correlation with heart rate. The use of pre-ejection period/ejection time relation and

  4. Wim Cöp, Het spel van de macht. De familie Van Broechoven en de politieke en economische elite in ’s-Hertogenbosch tussen 1597 en 1629

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Klaas Van Gelder

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Wim Cöp, Het spel van de macht. De familie Van Broechoven en de politieke en economische elite in ’s-Hertogenbosch tussen 1597 en 1629 (Ph.D Tilburg University 2014; Hilversum: Verloren, 2015, 344 pp., isbn 978 90 8704 464 0.

  5. Tribulus terrestris extracts alleviate muscle damage and promote anaerobic performance of trained male boxers and its mechanisms: Roles of androgen, IGF-1, and IGF binding protein-3

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yiming Ma

    2017-12-01

    Conclusion: Taking 1250 mg capsules containing TT extracts did not change muscle mass and plasma levels of testosterone, DHT, and IGF-1 but significantly alleviated muscle damage and promoted anaerobic performance of trained male boxers, which may be related to the decrease of plasma IGFBP-3 rather than androgen in plasma.

  6. Application Of WIMS Code To Calculation Kartini Reactor Parameters By Pin-Cell And Cluster Method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sumarsono, Bambang; Tjiptono, T.W.

    1996-01-01

    Analysis UZrH fuel element parameters calculation in Kartini Reactor by WIMS Code has been done. The analysis is done by pin cell and cluster method. The pin cell method is done as a function percent burn-up and by 8 group 3 region analysis and cluster method by 8 group 12 region analysis. From analysis and calculation resulted K ∼ = 1.3687 by pin cell method and K ∼ = 1.3162 by cluster method and so deviation is 3.83%. By pin cell analysis as a function percent burn-up at the percent burn-up greater than 59.50%, the multiplication factor is less than one (k ∼ < 1) it is mean that the fuel element reactivity is negative

  7. Qualification of the WIMS lattice code, for the design, operation and accident analysis of nuclear reactors; Calificacion del programa WIMS de calculo neutronico para diseno, seguimiento de operacion y analisis de accidentes de reactores nucleares

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lerner, A M [Ente Nacional Regulador Nuclear, Buenos Aires (Argentina)

    1997-12-31

    A basic problem in nuclear reactor physics in that of the description of the neutron population behaviour in the multiplicative medium of a nuclear fuel. Due to the magnitude of the physical problem involved and the present degree of technological evolution regarding computing resources, of increasing complexity and possibilities, the calculation programs or codes have turned to be a basic auxiliary tool in reactor physics. In order to analyze the global problem, several aspects should be taken into consideration. The first aspect to be considered is that of the availability of the necessary nuclear data. The second one is the existence of a variety of methods and models to perform the calculations. The final phase for this kind of analysis is the qualification of the computing programs to be used, i.e. the verification of the validity domain of its nuclear data and the models involved. The last one is an essential phase, and in order to carry it on great variety of calculations are required, that will check the different aspects contained in the code. We here analyze the most important physical processes that take place in a nuclear reactor cell, and we consider the qualification of the lattice code WIMS, that calculates the neutronic parameters associated with such processes. Particular emphasis has been put in the application to natural uranium fuelled reactor, heavy water cooled and moderated, as the Argentinean power reactors now in operation. A wide set of experiments has been chosen: a.-Fresh fuel in zero-power experimental facilities and power reactors; b.-Irradiated fuel in both types of facilities; c.-Benchmark (prototype) experiments with loss of coolant. From the whole analysis it was concluded that for the research reactors, as well as for the heavy water moderated power reactors presently operating in our country, or those that could operate in a near future, the lattice code WIMS is reliable and produces results within the experimental values and

  8. Myositis, Ganglioneuritis, and Myocarditis with Distinct Perifascicular Muscle Atrophy in a 2-Year-Old Male Boxer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paul M. Rossman

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available A 2-year-old male, intact Boxer was referred for chronic diarrhea, hyporexia, labored breathing, weakness and elevated creatine kinase, and alanine aminotransferase activities. Initial examination and diagnostics revealed a peripheral nervous system neurolocalization, atrial premature complexes, and generalized megaesophagus. Progressive worsening of the dog’s condition was noted after 36 h; the dog developed aspiration pneumonia, was febrile and oxygen dependent. The owners elected humane euthanasia. Immediately postmortem biopsies of the left cranial tibial and triceps muscles and the left peroneal nerve were obtained. Postmortem histology revealed concurrent myositis, myocarditis, endocarditis, and ganglioneuritis. Mixed mononuclear cell infiltrations and a distinct perifascicular pattern of muscle fiber atrophy was present in both muscles. This is a novel case of diffuse inflammatory myopathy with a distinct perifascicular pattern of atrophy in addition to endocarditis, myocarditis, and epicarditis.

  9. Qualification of the WIMS lattice code, for the design, operation and accident analysis of nuclear reactors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lerner, A.M.

    1996-01-01

    A basic problem in nuclear reactor physics in that of the description of the neutron population behaviour in the multiplicative medium of a nuclear fuel. Due to the magnitude of the physical problem involved and the present degree of technological evolution regarding computing resources, of increasing complexity and possibilities, the calculation programs or codes have turned to be a basic auxiliary tool in reactor physics. In order to analyze the global problem, several aspects should be taken into consideration. The first aspect to be considered is that of the availability of the necessary nuclear data. The second one is the existence of a variety of methods and models to perform the calculations. The final phase for this kind of analysis is the qualification of the computing programs to be used, i.e. the verification of the validity domain of its nuclear data and the models involved. The last one is an essential phase, and in order to carry it on great variety of calculations are required, that will check the different aspects contained in the code. We here analyze the most important physical processes that take place in a nuclear reactor cell, and we consider the qualification of the lattice code WIMS, that calculates the neutronic parameters associated with such processes. Particular emphasis has been put in the application to natural uranium fuelled reactor, heavy water cooled and moderated, as the Argentinean power reactors now in operation. A wide set of experiments has been chosen: a.-Fresh fuel in zero-power experimental facilities and power reactors; b.-Irradiated fuel in both types of facilities; c.-Benchmark (prototype) experiments with loss of coolant. From the whole analysis it was concluded that for the research reactors, as well as for the heavy water moderated power reactors presently operating in our country, or those that could operate in a near future, the lattice code WIMS is reliable and produces results within the experimental values and

  10. At the Crossroads between Paris, Texas and the Buena Vista Social Club, Havana: Wim Wenders and Ry Cooder as Collaborators

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stephen Gregory

    2008-02-01

    Full Text Available I take the image of the crossroads first as a way of elucidating the approach Wim Wenders takes to making films and Ry Cooder to making music, and to the implicit politics that can be derived from their practice. I then look at Paris, Texas as a crossroads film to examine how the thematic and formal properties of the film can throw light on the nature of Cooder’s and Wenders’s collaboration on it. This is then used as a base from which to launch an attempt to demolish once and for all the widely held view that Buena Vista Social Club was an example of cultural imperialism.

  11. Update of WIMS-D libraries using JENDL-3.2, ENDF/B-VI.5 and JEF-2.2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gil, Choong Sup; Kim, Jung Do; Chang, Jong Wha

    2001-01-01

    The WIMS-D5 Libraries based on JENDL-3.2, ENDF/B-VI.5, and JEF-2.2 have been prepared and are being tested against the benchmark problems. Several sensitivity calculations for stabililty confirmation of the libraries were carried out such as the fission spectrum dependency, the self shielding effects of the elastic scattering cross sections, the self shielding effects of Pu -240 and Pu -242 capture cross sections below 4.0 eV, etc. The results of benchmark calculations with the libraries based on JENDL-3.2, ENDF/B-VI.5, JEF-2.2, and the '1986 library were intercompared. The predictions of criticalities and isotopic compositions with the updated libraries show good agreements with the measurements or the reference results. The multiplication factors with the library based on JENDL-3.2 are slightly higher than those of ENDF/B-VI.5 and JEF-2.2

  12. Incidence of the muscular stretching as mechanical factor in the hit of pinareños boxers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Razel Martínez-Quetglas

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available This work was carried out with the objective of valuing the muscular visco-elastic component in the explosive stretching in the superior extremities of Pinar del Rio team boxers, in the special preparation stage of the 2012 preparatory cycle. To achieve this purpose, the Test was applied to evaluate the elastic and reactive capacities in the superior extremities, concerning the evaluation of the elastic capacity, obtaining in this measurement the numeric value that characterizes the contribution of the visco-elastic component in the explosive stretching of the superior extremities. Starting from the results of the measurement, it is evaluated the contribution of this component in the hit, comparing the results of an athlete with the others of his group, analyzing how far it is of the best result. Finally it was valued with the trainer this more precise information about the visco-elastic component contribution in the action of hitting, proposing him a group of recommendations that will allow the trainer the regulation of the training toward this component improvement to elevate the levels of production of force plosive.

  13. Physiological profile of a professional boxer preparing for Title Bout: A case study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Halperin, Israel; Hughes, Steven; Chapman, Dale W

    2016-10-01

    This study aimed to (1) profile a professional boxer (23 years and 80 kg) with boxing-specific, muscle function, aerobic capacity and body composition tests, and (2) quantify how these measures varied during an 8-week preparation phase leading to, and post a state-Title Bout fought in the 76.2-kg class. A series of boxing-specific and muscle function tests were completed on 11 occasions: 9 prior and twice after the bout, each separated by approximately 2 weeks. The boxing test included 36 maximal punches (9 of each: lead and rear straights, lead and rear hooks) to a punching integrator measuring forces and velocity. Muscle function tests included countermovement jump, drop-jumps, isometric mid-thigh pull and isometric bench-press. Body composition was assessed using skin-fold measurements on three occasions and one dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. Aerobic capacity was assessed using 2 VO2 max tests. Leading up to the bout, performance decreased in isometric mid-thigh pull (8%), isometric bench-press (5%), countermovement jump (15%) and impact forces in 3 of 4 punches (4%-7%). Whereas measures of dynamic and isometric muscle function remained depressed or unchanged post competition, punching forces (6%-15%) and aerobic power (6%) increased. Data suggest the athlete may have super-compensated following rest as fatigue dissipated and further adaptation occurred.

  14. Amateur boxing in the last 59 years. Impact of rules changes on the type of verdicts recorded and implications on boxers' health.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianco, Massimiliano; Loosemore, Mike; Daniele, Gianlorenzo; Palmieri, Vincenzo; Faina, Marcello; Zeppilli, Paolo

    2013-05-01

    Several changes have occurred in Olympic boxing (OB) in the last few decades, influencing the results in official competitions. The aim of this study was to assess how the evolution of rules changed the rate of the results that can influence boxers' health. From a web-research, the results of OB tournaments from 1952 to 2011 were reviewed (29,357 bouts). For each event, rate of knockout (KO), referee-stop contest (RSC), RSC-Head (RSCH), RSC-Injury (RSCI), RSC-Outclassed (RSCO), abandon, disqualification and points decisions were recorded. In our analysis we investigated the changes that occurred after the introduction of the standing-count rule (1964), mandatory head guard (1984), computerised scoring system (1992), RSCO (2000-2009) and modification of bout formula 3×3 min rounds (3×3, until 1997, 5×2 min rounds (5×2) until 1999, 4×2 min rounds (4×2) until 2008, 3×3 from 2009). The most important results were: (1) an RSCI rate increase (0.72-2.42%, p<0.03) after the standing-count rule; (2) a lower RSCI (0.60%, p<0.001) and higher RSCH (1.31-4.92%, p<0.001) and RSC (9.71-13.05%, p<0.03) rate with mandatory head guard; (3) a KO rate reduction (6.44-2.09%, p<0.001) with the computerised scoring system; (4) an RSC (13.15-5.91%, p<0.05) and RSCH (4.23-1.41%, p<0.001) rate reduction comparing 5×2-4×2 bouts. In the last six decades, along with rule changes in OB, a clear reduction of health challenging results was observed. In the near future, older rules will be adopted (no head guard and a manual scoring system). Continued medical surveillance is important to ensure that new rule changes do not result in poor medical outcomes for the boxers.

  15. PREP-PWR-1.0: a WIMS-D/4 pre-processor code for the generation of data for PWR fuel assemblies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ball, G.

    1991-06-01

    The PREP-PWR-1.0 computer code is a substantially modified version of the PREWIM code which formed part of the original MARIA System (Report J.E.N. 543). PREP-PWR-1.0 is a comprehensive pre-processor code which generates input data for the WIMS-D/4.1 code (Report PEL 294) for PWR fuel assemblies, with or without control and burnable poison rods. This data is generated at various base and off-base conditions. The overall cross section generation methodology is described, followed by a brief overview of the model. Aspects of the base/off-base calculational scheme are outlined. Additional features of the code are described while the input data format of PREP-PWR-1.0 is listed. The sample problems and suggestions for further improvements to the code are also described. 2 figs., 2 tabs., 12 refs

  16. Use of Finite Elements Analysis for a Weigh-in-Motion Sensor Design

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Viorel Goanta

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available High speed weigh-in-motion (WIM sensors are utilized as components of complex traffic monitoring and measurement systems. They should be able to determine the weights on wheels, axles and vehicle gross weights, and to help the classification of vehicles (depending on the number of axles. WIM sensors must meet the following main requirements: good accuracy, high endurance, low price and easy installation in the road structure. It is not advisable to use cheap materials in constructing these devices for lower prices, since the sensors are normally working in harsh environmental conditions such as temperatures between –40 °C and +70 °C, dust, temporary water immersion, shocks and vibrations. Consequently, less expensive manufacturing technologies are recommended. Because the installation cost in the road structure is high and proportional to the WIM sensor cross section (especially with its thickness, the device needs to be made as flat as possible. The WIM sensor model presented and analyzed in this paper uses a spring element equipped with strain gages. Using Finite Element Analysis (FEA, the authors have attempted to obtain a more sensitive, reliable, lower profile and overall cheaper elastic element for a new WIM sensor.

  17. Development of a program for calculating the cells of heavy water

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Calabrese, R.; Lerner, A.M.; Notari, C.

    1991-01-01

    We describe here a methodology to solve the transport equation i cluster-type fuel cells found in PHWR. The general idea is inspired in the English lattice code WIMS-D4 and associated library even if we have introduced innovations both in structure and contents. The different steps involved are the resonant calculation and the subsequent construction of the microscopic self-shielded cross sections for each isotope; the calculation of macroscopic cross sections per material and the condensation to a broader energy structure; the solution of the two dimensional discretized transport equation for the whole cell. The next step is the inclusion of a burn up routine. A program, ALFIN, was written in FORTRAN 77, and prepared in a modular structure. A sample problem is tested and ALFIN results compared to those produce by WIMS-D4. The discrepancies observed are negligible, except for the resonant region where the methods are different and in some aspect WIMS is clearly in error. (author)

  18. WIMS-AECL/RFSP code validation of reactivity calculations following a long shutdown using the simple-cell history-based method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ardeshiri, F.; Donnelly, J.V.; Arsenault, B.

    1998-01-01

    The purpose of this analysis is to validate the Reactor Fuelling Simulation Program (RFSP) using the simple-cell model (SCM) history-based method in a startup simulation following a reactor shutdown period. This study is part of the validation work for history-based calculations, using the WIMS-AECL code with the ENDF/B-V library, and the SCM linked to the RFSP code. In this work, the RFSP code with the SCM history-based method was used to track a 1-year period of the Point Lepreau reactor operating history, that included a 12-day reactor shutdown and subsequent startup. Measured boron and gadolinium concentrations were used in the RFSP simulations, and the predicted values of core reactivity were compared to the reference (pre-shutdown) value. The discrepancies in core reactivity are shown to be better than ±2 milli-k at any time, and better than about ±0.5 milli-k towards the end of the startup transient. The results of this analysis also show that the calculated maximum channel and bundle powers are within an acceptable range during both the core-follow and the reactor startup simulations. (author)

  19. Does the Timing of Measurement Alter Session-RPE in Boxers?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Uchida, Marco C; Teixeira, Luis F M; Godoi, Vladmir J; Marchetti, Paulo H; Conte, Marcelo; Coutts, Aaron J; Bacurau, Reury F P

    2014-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of measuring the overall session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE) at 10 vs. 30 minutes following exercise. Eight boxers completed three different standardized training sessions of different intensities (easy, moderate and hard) in a matchedpairs, randomized research design. Exercise intensity was assessed during each bout by measuring heart rate, blood lactate concentration and session-RPE. To assess the effect of measurement timing on session-RPE, RPE data were collected either 10 or 30 minutes post-exercise. There was no significant effect of measurement time on session-RPE values following easy (10 minutes: session-RPE = 1.3 ± 1.0 Arbitrary Unit (AU), %Heart Rate Reserve (HRR) = 49.5 ± 11.1, and ∆Blood lactate = -2.3 ± 16.3%; 30 minutes: session-RPE = 1.7 ± 1.0 AU, %HRR = 51.3 ± 10.8, and ∆Blood lactate = 0.7 ± 25.2%), moderate (10 minutes: session-RPE = 2.7 ± 1.6 AU, %HRR = 67.2 ± 10.8, and ∆Blood lactate = 2.2 ± 19%; 30 minutes: session-RPE = 2.5 ± 0.9 AU, %HRR = 67.2 ± 5.9, and ∆Blood lactate = 24.5 ± 17.1%) and hard (10 minutes: session-RPE = 5.7 ± 1.0 AU, %HRR = 88.1 ± 6.3, and ∆Blood lactate = 146.3 ± 87.9%; 30 minutes: session-RPE = 5.8 ± 1.9 AU, %HRR> = 83.3 ± 8.0, and ∆Blood lactate = 91.6 ± 39%) sessions. In conclusion, our findings suggest that session-RPE can be used in boxing training routines across a range of intensities and accurate measurements can be determined as early as 10 minutes after exercise. Key PointsIt is difficult to quantify and monitoring the external training load in martial arts (e.g. Aikido, Kung Fu, Judo) and physical combat sports (e.g. Boxing, Muay Thai), session RPE method appears to be a reliable method to quantifying training load in those sports.For many athletes it is impractical to wait 30 minutes after training session to provide a session-RPE. The present findings show that collecting ses-sion-RPE measures at 10 min

  20. L’intertexte entre le réel et l’imaginaire dans le cinéma de Wim Wenders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Coura Guimarães Castro

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available Cet article interroge la façon dont le cinéma représente à l’écran la frontière qui existe entre le monde imaginaire des personnages et celui qu’on appelle «monde réel». Afin de vérifier la figuration à l’écran de cette relation parfois contradictoire, voir complémentaire, on fera une brève étude du film l’Etat des Choses (1982, de Wim Wenders. Le cinéaste est né en Allemagne, en 1945. Initialement, Wenders a étudié médicine et philosophie pendant deux ans, mais, en 1967, il a changé d’avis afin de poursuivre ses études dans l’audiovisuel. A partir de là, le réalisateur s’est fait connaître comme un des représentants les plus célèbres du «nouveau cinéma allemand». En 1978, il a été invité par Francis Ford Coppola pour participer au tournage du film Hammett. Ainsi, son cinéma a été toujours marqué par cette intersection culturelle entre l’Amérique et l’Europe. Notre objectif, dans cet article, est celui de mette en évidence les croisements du cinéma avec l’art, la relation des sujets avec l’espace, ainsi que les influences d’un sur l’autre dans les représentations cinématographiques. Notre référentiel théorique sera fondé, surtout, sur les notions de «fiction» et de «documentaire» chez François Niney. Nous espérons, à partir de cette réflexion, pouvoir comprendre plus en profondeur la façon dont Wenders travaille dans son film la métaphorisation de la lumière dans les mises en scènes, en proposant, en quelque sorte, un dialogue entre les concepts de «clarté» et d’«ombre», en ayant comme arrière-plan l’idée de fiction.This article shows the way that the cinema represents on the screen the boundaries between the imaginary world of the characters and the one that we used to call “real world”. In order to verify the representation on the screen of this contradictory relationship, sometimes complementary, we will do a brief study of the movie The State

  1. Injury risk in professional boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bledsoe, Gregory H; Li, Guohu; Levy, Fred

    2005-10-01

    Although a popular endeavor, boxing has fallen under increased scrutiny because of its association with traumatic brain injury. However, few studies have investigated the overall epidemiology of boxing injuries from representative samples, and no study has ever documented the incidence of injuries in female boxers. This study is a review of professional boxing data from the state of Nevada from September 2001 through March 2003. Medical and outcome data for all professional boxing matches occurring in Nevada between September 2001 and March 2003 (n = 524 matches) were analyzed on the basis of a pair-matched, case-control design. Cases were boxers who received an injury during the boxing matches. Boxers who were not injured served as control subjects. Both conditional and unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess risk factors for injury. The overall incidence rate of injury was 17.1 per 100 boxer-matches, or 3.4 per 100 boxer-rounds. Facial laceration accounted for 51% of all injuries, followed by hand injury (17%), eye injury (14%), and nose injury (5%). Male boxers were significantly more likely than female boxers to receive injuries (3.6 versus 1.2 per 100 boxer-rounds, P = 0.01). Male boxing matches also ended in knockouts and technical knockouts more often than did female matches (P boxing matches is high, particularly among male boxers. Superficial facial lacerations are the most common injury reported. Male boxers have a higher rate of knockout and technical knockouts than female boxers. Further research is necessary to determine the outcomes of injury, particularly the long-term neurologic outcome differences between sexes.

  2. Analysis of DCA experimental data

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Min, B. J.; Kim, S. Y.; Ryu, S. J.; Seok, H. C.

    2000-01-01

    The lattice characteristics of DCA are calculated with WIMS-ATR code to validate WIMS-AECL code for the lattice analysis of CANDU core by using experimental data of DCA at JNC. Analytical studies of some critical experiments had been performed to analyze the effects of fuel composition. Different items of reactor physics such as local power peaking factor (LPF), effective multiplication factor (Keff) and coolant void reactivity were calculated for two coolant void fractions (0% and 100%). LPFs calculated by WIMS-ATR code are in close agreement with the experimental results. LPFs calculated by WIMS-AECL code with WINFRITH and ENDF/B-V libraries have similar values for both libraries but the differences between experimental data and calculated results by WIMS-AECL code are larger than those of WIMS-ATR code. The maximum difference between the values calculated by WIMS-ATR and experimental values of LPFs are within 1.3%. The coupled code systems WIMS-ATR and CITATION used in this analysis predict Keff within 1% ΔK and coolant void reactivity within 4 % ΔK/K in all cases. The coolant void reactivity of uranium fuel is found to be positive. To validate WIMS-AECL code, the core characteristics of DCA shall be calculated by WIMS-AECL and CITATION codes in the future

  3. Estimating NIRR-1 burn-up and core life time expectancy using the codes WIMS and CITATION

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yahaya, B.; Ahmed, Y. A.; Balogun, G. I.; Agbo, S. A.

    The Nigeria Research Reactor-1 (NIRR-1) is a low power miniature neutron source reactor (MNSR) located at the Centre for Energy Research and Training, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Nigeria. The reactor went critical with initial core excess reactivity of 3.77 mk. The NIRR-1 cold excess reactivity measured at the time of commissioning was determined to be 4.97 mk, which is more than the licensed range of 3.5-4 mk. Hence some cadmium poison worth -1.2 mk was inserted into one of the inner irradiation sites which act as reactivity regulating device in order to reduce the core excess reactivity to 3.77 mk, which is within recommended licensed range of 3.5 mk and 4.0 mk. In this present study, the burn-up calculations of the NIRR-1 fuel and the estimation of the core life time expectancy after 10 years (the reactor core expected cycle) have been conducted using the codes WIMS and CITATION. The burn-up analyses carried out indicated that the excess reactivity of NIRR-1 follows a linear decreasing trend having 216 Effective Full Power Days (EFPD) operations. The reactivity worth of top beryllium shim data plates was calculated to be 19.072 mk. The result of depletion analysis for NIRR-1 core shows that (7.9947 ± 0.0008) g of U-235 was consumed for the period of 12 years of operating time. The production of the build-up of Pu-239 was found to be (0.0347 ± 0.0043) g. The core life time estimated in this research was found to be 30.33 years. This is in good agreement with the literature

  4. A Wims E analysis of the zero energy experiments of Dragon prior to charge IV - Part 3: Prelmininary investigations into the control rod representation and related problems

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dubofsky, W; Woloch, F

    1973-09-28

    In the collaboration between UKAEA and Dragon for Zero Energy Experiment Evaluation, Dragon is to undertake all investigations needed for the representation of specific features of the Dragon Reactor experiment which are not necessarily characteristic of the large HTR system. One quite obvious uniqueness of Dragon is the location of the control rods situated in the radial reflector, only a few thermal mean free paths away from the core reflector boundary. In the first onslaught it is our intention to use the already available WIMS modules as much as possible and to identify difficulties in doing so. Finally it will be profitable to consider if the control rod representation found as a result of the whole exercise lends itself for the routine calculations of Dragon. In this paper Section 2 describes the geometrical difficulties to be overcome. Section 3 presents the results of calculations so far available. Section 4 gives the layout of further calculations planned and Section 5 presents the conclusions.

  5. The ocular complications of boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Giovinazzo, V J; Yannuzzi, L A; Sorenson, J A; Delrowe, D J; Cambell, E A

    1987-06-01

    In cooperation with the New York State Athletic Commission, 74 boxers applying for a new or yearly renewal license were sequentially referred over a 2-year period for a complete dilated ocular examination at the Sports Vision Institute of the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital. At least one ocular injury was found in 66% of boxers. Vision-threatening injuries, defined as significant damage to the angle, lens, macula, or peripheral retina occurred in 58% of boxers. Nineteen percent of boxers had angle abnormalities. Nineteen percent of boxers had pathologic cataracts, over 70% of these were posterior subcapsular. Six boxers had macular lesions. A total of 24% of boxers had retinal tears. Standardized photographs were used to distinguish pathologic cataracts from congenital opacities and pathologic retinal tears from atrophic holes. Attempts were made to identify risk factors in boxing that might be predictive for ocular injury. Variables included age, weight division, left- or right-handedness, total number of losses, and total number of bouts. Significant correlations were found between the total number of bouts and the total number of losses, and the presence of retinal tears. College varsity athletes were selected as controls. Significant differences were found between boxers and controls for the total number of injuries, total vision-threatening injuries, and the number of retinal tears. A series of recommendations are proposed to aide in the early detection and prevention of serious ocular injuries.

  6. Eye trauma in boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Corrales, Gustavo; Curreri, Anthony

    2009-10-01

    In boxing, along with a few other sports, trauma is inherent to the nature of the sport; therefore it is considered a high-risk sport for ocular injuries. The long-term morbidity of ocular injuries suffered by boxers is difficult to estimate due to the lack of structured long-term follow-up of these athletes. Complications of blunt ocular trauma may develop years after the athlete has retired from the ring and is no longer considered to be at risk for boxing-related injuries. This article describes the wide range of eye injuries a boxer can sustain, and their immediate and long-term clinical management.

  7. A neurologist's reflections on boxing. V. Conclude remarks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Unterharnscheidt, F

    1995-01-01

    reparation or restitution of the destroyed neural tissue of the brain. What is destroyed remains so, a restitution ad integrum does not occur. As the result of the diffuse loss of neurons in the brain a cerebral atrophy exists. The septum pellucidum, which consists of two thin lamellae, and is small or very small in a normal brain, forms a Cavum septi pellucidi, which is considerably enlarged. The walls of this structure, especially in its dorsal parts are considerably thinned; they show fenestrations and are, in dorsal parts no longer detectable, so that a direct connection between the two lateral ventricles exists. The clinically and morphologically existing permanent brain damage is the result of the boxing activity. Diagnostically, processes of another origin, such as alcoholism, luetic processes, other forms of dementia, etc. can undoubtedly be excluded. A permanent brain damage develops in professional and amateur boxers. The objection, which are voiced by members of the different Amateur Boxing Association, that such permanent brain damage in amateur boxers today no longer exists, after stricter protective measurements were introduced, is not tenable. Individuals who represent today the opinion, that a permanent brain damage or punch drunkenness in boxers does not occur, are not familiar with the pertinent medical literature. The argument, the injury quotient in boxing is lower than in all other athletic activities is not sound, since the statistics show only the inconsequential injuries of boxers, as lesions of the skin of the face, injuries of the hand, fractures, etc. but not the much more important and severe permanent brain damage, which is not taken into consideration in these so-called statistics. Besides of the permanent brain damage of former boxers as the result of the repeated and numerous blows against their head, severe permanent damage of the eyes and the hearing organ exists.

  8. Adapting and implementing the Wine in Moderation-Art de Vivre programme in Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alvarez Natalia

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The Wine in Moderation-Art de Vivre (WIM programme was officially launched in 2008 as the wine sector's contribution to the EU Alcohol & Health Forum, within the framework of the EU strategy to support Member States in reducing alcohol-related harm. Building on the values of the “wine culture” and founded on information backed by science, broad education & self-regulation, WIM aims at promoting moderate and responsible behavior in the consumption of wine as a social and cultural norm. Considering the global and national trends in the wine market, the drinking patterns and the alcohol & health policy, Bodegas de Argentina (BAAC decided to mobilize concrete actions to contribute to the reduction of alcohol related harm, by adapting and implementing the WIM programme in Argentina. BAAC decided to engage the whole national wine value chain in the WIM programme and empower them with necessary knowledge and tools to properly implement it and disseminate the WIM message. The first step was to adapt the WIM programme and message to the cultural and linguistic context respecting the programme's common approach and creating an action plan with 2 main phases. With the Argentinean wine value chain participating in WIM and having the proper skills to do, the challenge now lies in reaching consumer. The successful implementation in Argentina has set a milestone in WIM's international development.

  9. Perancangan dan Implementasi Sistem Monitoring Beban dan Kecepatan Kendaraan Menggunakan Teknologi Weigh in Motion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Trisya Septiana

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Weight in Motion (WIM merupakan salah satu solusi inovatif dalam manajemen lalu lintas yang memungkinkan kendaraan ditimbang pada saat dalam perjalanan. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sebuah sistem monitoring yang mampu mengolah dan menghitung data kendaraan berupa beban dan kecepatan kendaraan melalui sistem WIM. Untuk mendukung sistem ini digunakan perangkat keras berupa sensor WIM yang terdiri dari Load Cell, modul penguat HX711 dan Arduino serta untuk data sinyal beban yang telah dihasilkan sistem WIM menggunakan metode analisa pengolahan sinyal. Pengujian sistem ini dilakukan menggunakan sebuah mobil penumpang dengan kecepatan yang berbeda-beda. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan sistem WIM mampu melakukan pengukuran kendaraan berjalan dengan nilai rata-rata error yang dihasilkan untuk kecepatan 8.94%, jarak sumbu kendaraan 14.64%, dan beban kendaraan 10.21%.

  10. Traffic volume and load data measurement using a portable weigh in motion system: A case study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abu N.M. Faruk

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Traditionally, traffic loading characteristics are collected for pavement design and performance prediction purposes using permanent roadside weigh-in-motion (WIM stations. However, high installation and maintenance costs associated with these permanent WIM stations dictate that their deployment be mostly limited to major highways, such as the interstate network. Quite often however, pavement damage on high volume rural highways with heavy truck proportions is more severe than anticipated, and there is no effective way of quantifying the traffic loading on these highways. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the potential application of portable WIM systems as a means for bringing the WIM technology to these high volume rural highways. A portable WIM unit was deployed in the Texas overweight corridor in Hidalgo County (Pharr District near the USA-Mexico border on highway FM 1016 for collecting traffic data for a minimum of three weeks in each direction. The collected traffic data were analyzed to generate traffic parameters such as volume, load spectra, and overloading information both in terms of the gross vehicle weight (GVW and axle weight. The computed traffic parameters were successful in partially explaining some of the existing pavement conditions on this highway. Overall, the study findings indicated that the portable WIM unit can be used as a convenient and cost-effective means for collecting reliable traffic information for design, analysis, and monitoring purposes. However, proper in-situ calibration of the portable WIM unit at each site is imperative prior to any real-time traffic data collection. Keywords: Traffic data, Load spectra, Truck overweight, Weigh-in-motion (WIM, Portable WIM, Texas overweight corridor

  11. The risk of chronic traumatic brain injury in professional boxing: change in exposure variables over the past century.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clausen, H; McCrory, P; Anderson, V

    2005-09-01

    To determine if boxing exposure has changed over time and hence if current professional boxers are at the same risk of developing chronic traumatic brain injury (CTBI) as historical controls. Literature review of published studies and analysis of data of active professional boxers. Professional boxers in the United Kingdom and Australia. Boxing history and participation in sparring and professional bouts. Since the 1930s, the average duration of a professional boxer's career has dropped from 19 years to five years, and the mean number of career bouts has reduced from 336 to 13. This is despite no significant decline in participation rates from 1931 until 2002. The incidence of boxing related CTBI will diminish in the current era of professional boxing because of the reduction in exposure to repetitive head trauma and increasing medical monitoring of boxers, with preparticipation medical and neuroimaging assessments resulting in the detection of early and potentially pre-symptomatic cases of CTBI.

  12. WORLD TITLE BOXING: FROM EARLY BEGINNINGS TO THE FIRST BELL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marc Ramsay

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available There is scant literature where applied sport scientists have considered first hand experiences preparing professional boxers for world title bouts. The present submission reflects more than 10 years of applied experience working with professional boxers, residing in Canada. What follows is a composite of sequential steps that ownership and coaching staff of one Canadian management group have tried leading up to more than 20 world title bout experiences. The strategies proposed have been built progressively over time, and what follows is a general overview of a more detailed pre-bout structure from shortly in advance of a world title bout offer to the moment when the athlete enters the ring to perform. We propose that an effective structure is founded upon detailed a priori preparation, tactical decisions throughout bout preparation, and a thorough understanding by the athlete of what he will encounter during the title bout

  13. The GBT Diffuse Ionized Gas Survey (GDIGS)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Luisi, Matteo; Anderson, Loren Dean; Liu, Bin; Bania, Thomas; Balser, Dana; Wenger, Trey; Haffner, Lawrence Matthew

    2018-01-01

    Diffuse ionized gas in the Galactic mid-plane known as the "Warm Ionized Medium" (WIM) makes up ~20% of the gas mass of the Milky Way and >90% of its ionized gas. It is the last major component of the interstellar medium (ISM) that has not yet been studied at high spatial and spectral resolution, and therefore many of its fundamental properties remain unclear. The Green Bank Telescope (GBT) Diffuse Ionized Gas Survey (GDIGS) is a new large survey of the Milky Way disk at C-band (4-8 GHz). The main goals of GDIGS are to investigate the properties of the WIM and to determine the connection between the WIM and high-mass star formation over the Galactic longitude and latitude range of 32 deg > l > -5 deg, |b| resolution of 0.5 km/s and rms sensitivities of ~3 mJy per beam. GDIGS observations are currently underway and are expected to be completed by late 2018. These data will allow us to: 1) Study for the first time the inner-Galaxy WIM unaffected by confusion from discrete HII regions, 2) determine the distribution of the inner Galaxy WIM, 3) investigate the ionization state of the WIM, 4) explore the connection between the WIM and HII regions, and 5) analyze the effect of leaked photons from HII regions on ISM dust temperatures.

  14. Chronic Effects of Boxing: Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Cognitive Findings.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wilde, Elisabeth A; Hunter, Jill V; Li, Xiaoqi; Amador, Cristian; Hanten, Gerri; Newsome, Mary R; Wu, Trevor C; McCauley, Stephen R; Vogt, Gregory S; Chu, Zili David; Biekman, Brian; Levin, Harvey S

    2016-04-01

    We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate the effects of boxing on brain structure and cognition in 10 boxers (8 retired, 2 active; mean age = 45.7 years; standard deviation [SD] = 9.71) and 9 participants (mean age = 43.44; SD = 9.11) in noncombative sports. Evans Index (maximum width of the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles/maximal width of the internal diameter of the skull) was significantly larger in the boxers (F = 4.52; p = 0.050; Cohen's f = 0.531). Word list recall was impaired in the boxers (F(1,14) = 10.70; p = 0.006; f = 0.84), whereas implicit memory measured by faster reaction time (RT) to a repeating sequence of numbers than to a random sequence was preserved (t = 2.52; p boxing had the most consistent, negative correlations with FA, ranging from -0.65 for the right ventral striatum to -0.92 for the right cerebral peduncle. Years of boxing was negatively related to the number of words consistently recalled over trials (r = -0.74; p = 0.02), delayed recall (r = -0.83; p = 0.003), and serial RT (r = 0.66; p = 0.05). We conclude that microstructural integrity of white matter tracts is related to declarative memory and response speed in boxers and to the extent of boxing exposure. Implications for chronic traumatic encephalopathy are discussed.

  15. Amateur boxing: physical and physiological attributes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chaabène, Helmi; Tabben, Montassar; Mkaouer, Bessem; Franchini, Emerson; Negra, Yassine; Hammami, Mehrez; Amara, Samiha; Chaabène, Raja Bouguezzi; Hachana, Younés

    2015-03-01

    Boxing is one of the oldest combat sports. The aim of the current review is to critically analyze the amateur boxer's physical and physiological characteristics and to provide practical recommendations for training as well as new areas of scientific research. High-level male and female boxers show a propensity for low body fat levels. Although studies on boxer somatotypes are limited, the available information shows that elite-level male boxers are characterized by a higher proportion of mesomorphy with a well-developed muscle mass and a low body fat level. To help support the overall metabolic demands of a boxing match and to accelerate the recovery process between rounds, athletes of both sexes require a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness. International boxers show a high peak and mean anaerobic power output. Muscle strength in both the upper and lower limbs is paramount for a fighter's victory and is one of the keys to success in boxing. As boxing punches are brief actions and very dynamic, high-level boxing performance requires well-developed muscle power in both the upper and lower limbs. Albeit limited, the available studies reveal that isometric strength is linked to high-level boxing performance. Future investigations into the physical and physiological attributes of boxers are required to enrich the current data set and to help create a suitable training program.

  16. Vehicle Signal Analysis Using Artificial Neural Networks for a Bridge Weigh-in-Motion System

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Min-Seok Park

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available This paper describes the procedures for development of signal analysis algorithms using artificial neural networks for Bridge Weigh-in-Motion (B-WIM systems. Through the analysis procedure, the extraction of information concerning heavy traffic vehicles such as weight, speed, and number of axles from the time domain strain data of the B-WIM system was attempted. As one of the several possible pattern recognition techniques, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN was employed since it could effectively include dynamic effects and bridge-vehicle interactions. A number of vehicle traveling experiments with sufficient load cases were executed on two different types of bridges, a simply supported pre-stressed concrete girder bridge and a cable-stayed bridge. Different types of WIM systems such as high-speed WIM or low-speed WIM were also utilized during the experiments for cross-checking and to validate the performance of the developed algorithms.

  17. Vehicle Signal Analysis Using Artificial Neural Networks for a Bridge Weigh-in-Motion System.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Sungkon; Lee, Jungwhee; Park, Min-Seok; Jo, Byung-Wan

    2009-01-01

    This paper describes the procedures for development of signal analysis algorithms using artificial neural networks for Bridge Weigh-in-Motion (B-WIM) systems. Through the analysis procedure, the extraction of information concerning heavy traffic vehicles such as weight, speed, and number of axles from the time domain strain data of the B-WIM system was attempted. As one of the several possible pattern recognition techniques, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was employed since it could effectively include dynamic effects and bridge-vehicle interactions. A number of vehicle traveling experiments with sufficient load cases were executed on two different types of bridges, a simply supported pre-stressed concrete girder bridge and a cable-stayed bridge. Different types of WIM systems such as high-speed WIM or low-speed WIM were also utilized during the experiments for cross-checking and to validate the performance of the developed algorithms.

  18. STRUKTURA KOGNITIVNIH SPOSOBNOSTI PERSPEKTIVNIH BOKSERA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Benin Murić

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available All psychosomatic characteristics and abilities are very important for achieving sportingsuccess in boxing. Therefore, it is the obligation of professionals to seek out, among other things, new methods that permit the identification of personality dimensions andtheir connections, which are responsible for achieving success in sport. We analyzed the structure of boxers’ cognitive abilities. The research’s mission is to determine the structure of boxers’ cognitive abilities. The study is managed with the hypothesis: H1-In the space of cognitive abilities it is expected to obtain a general factor. The population from which the sample was taken for this study can be defined as a population of boxers from boxing clubs in Serbia aged 15-19 years. Our sample of 100 boxers, boxing club members from Serbia, was optimal for the planned research. Basic cognitive processes can be reduced to perceptual functions, parallel and serial processes, which are probably controlled by a central processor responsible for coordinating all cognitive functions.

  19. Description and user manual of the WIMSLIC, FIXER and COMPA programs; Descripcion y manual del usuario de los programas WIMSLIC, FIXER y COMPA

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Aguilar H, F [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

    1992-08-15

    In this work the WIMS library and those WIMSLIC, FIXER and COMPA codes that are used to give him maintenance or to create a new one, the way to use them and its scopes are described. The objective of WIMSLIC, is the one of generating data nuclear with the WIMS code format, uses those results obtained with the NJOY system and the one POWR module, the FIXER function is to generate a new WIMS library or to already modify an existent, using the results of the one WIMSLIC code or those obtained with NJOY and WIMSR, while the COMPA function is to compare data groups with WIMS format. In the Appendix 1 the files of data are had that would use to generate a new library of WIMS that contain nuclear data for U-235, U-238, H-1, 0-16 and Al-27. In the Appendix 2 one has the listing of the programs before mentioned. (Author)

  20. Description and user manual of the WIMSLIC, FIXER and COMPA programs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aguilar H, F.

    1992-08-01

    In this work the WIMS library and those WIMSLIC, FIXER and COMPA codes that are used to give him maintenance or to create a new one, the way to use them and its scopes are described. The objective of WIMSLIC, is the one of generating data nuclear with the WIMS code format, uses those results obtained with the NJOY system and the one POWR module, the FIXER function is to generate a new WIMS library or to already modify an existent, using the results of the one WIMSLIC code or those obtained with NJOY and WIMSR, while the COMPA function is to compare data groups with WIMS format. In the Appendix 1 the files of data are had that would use to generate a new library of WIMS that contain nuclear data for U-235, U-238, H-1, 0-16 and Al-27. In the Appendix 2 one has the listing of the programs before mentioned. (Author)

  1. Verification of WIMSD-5A code on light water reactor benchmarks

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ravnik, M.; Trkov, A.; Zefran, B.; Persic, A.

    1996-01-01

    Testing of a newly released version of WIMS code, WIMSD-5A, is presented. It is compared to the previous version, WIMS-D/4. The cross-section libraries of WIMSD-5A, denoted '1986', and of WIMS-D/4, denoted '1981', are compared as well. No significant differences in performance between WIMS-D/4 and WIMSD-5A are observed, provided the same data library is used. Significant differences in results are observed if '1981' and '1986' libraries are used with the same version of the code, WIMSD-5A. It is not clearly evident that the new library '1986' is any better than the old '1981' library. Additional tests and more detailed analysis is required. (author)

  2. What boxing-related stimuli reveal about response behaviour.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ottoboni, Giovanni; Russo, Gabriele; Tessari, Alessia

    2015-01-01

    When two athletes meet inside the ropes of the boxing ring to fight, their cognitive systems have to respond as quickly as possible to a manifold of stimuli to assure victory. In the present work, we studied the pre-attentive mechanisms, which form the basis of an athlete's ability in reacting to an opponent's punches. Expert boxers, beginner boxers and people with no experience of boxing performed a Simon-like task where they judged the colour of the boxing gloves worn by athletes in attack postures by pressing two lateralised keys. Although participants were not instructed to pay attention to the direction of the punches, beginner boxers' responses resembled a defence-related pattern, expert boxers' resembled counterattacks, whereas non-athletes' responses were not influenced by the unrelated task information. Results are discussed in the light of an expertise-related action simulation account.

  3. A method to calculate flux distribution in reactor systems containing materials with grain structure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Stepanek, J.

    1980-01-01

    A method is proposed to compute the neutron flux spatial distribution in slab, spherical or cylindrical systems containing zones with close grain structure of material. Several different types of equally distributed particles embedded in the matrix material are allowed in one or more zones. The multi-energy group structure of the flux is considered. The collision probability method is used to compute the fluxes in the grains and in an ''effective'' part of the matrix material. Then the overall structure of the flux distribution in the zones with homogenized materials is determined using the DPN ''surface flux'' method. Both computations are connected using the balance equation during the outer iterations. The proposed method is written in the code SURCU-DH. Two testcases are computed and discussed. One testcase is the computation of the eigenvalue in simplified slab geometry of an LWR container of one zone with boral grains equally distributed in an aluminium matrix. The second is the computation of the eigenvalue in spherical geometry of the HTR pebble-bed cell with spherical particles embedded in a graphite matrix. The results are compared to those obtained by repeated use of the WIMS Code. (author)

  4. Dementia in a retired world boxing champion: case report and literature review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nowak, L A; Smith, G G; Reyes, P F

    2009-01-01

    Dementia in retired boxers, also referred to as "dementia pugilistica" (DP), is usually attributed to repeated concussive and subconcussive blows to the head. We report the case of a former world boxing champion whose progressive cognitive decline could be ascribed to DP, cerebral infarcts and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. This case demonstrates that dementia in retired boxers may be caused and/or exacerbated by etiologic factors other than DP. We correlated the clinical features with the histochemical and immunohistochemical changes observed on autopsy brain material from a retired boxer, reviewed the literature on boxing-related dementia, and compared our findings with previous reports on DP. Neuropathologic examination revealed numerous neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), rare neuritic plaques (NPs), multiple cerebral infarcts, fenestrated septum pellucidum, atrophic and gliotic mamillary bodies, and pale substantia nigra and locus ceruleus. Our neuropathologic data confirmed the notion that dementia in retired boxers could be due to several factors such as DP, multiple cerebral infarcts and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Our findings illustrate the need to comprehensively examine former boxers with dementia as well as carefully evaluate the neuropathologic changes that may cause or contribute to the patient's cognitive and behavioral symptoms. Such an approach is crucial in order to provide prompt and more definitive therapies.

  5. MCNP analysis of the nine-cell LWR gadolinium benchmark

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Arkuszewski, J.J.

    1988-01-01

    The Monte Carlo results for a 9-cell fragment of the light water reactor square lattice with a central gadolinium-loaded pin are presented. The calculations are performed with the code MCNP-3A and the ENDF-B/5 library and compared with the results obtained from the BOXER code system and the JEF-1 library. The objective of this exercise is to study the feasibility of BOXER for the analysis of a Gd-loaded LWR lattice in the broader framework of GAP International Benchmark Analysis. A comparison of results indicates that, apart from unavoidable discrepancies originating from different data evaluations, the BOXER code overestimates the multiplication factor by 1.4 % and underestimates the power release in a Gd cell by 4.66 %. It is hoped that further similar studies with use of the JEF-1 library for both BOXER and MCNP will help to isolate and explain these discrepancies in a cleaner way. (author) 4 refs., 9 figs., 10 tabs

  6. Criticality safety evaluation report for MKIA fuel pertaining to consolidating fuel storage

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schwinkendorf, K.N.

    1994-10-01

    Irradiated fuel criticality calculations are performed for MKIA fuel, 1.25 wt% 235 U, and 1.15 wt% 235 U fuel pieces and solutions. Comparisons are made between WIMS and MCNP. WIMS and MCNP calculations are documented

  7. Comparison of MCNP and WIMS-AECL/RFSP calculations against critical heavy water experiments in ZED-2 with CANFLEX-LVRF and CANFLEX-LEU fuels

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bromley, B. P.; Watts, D. G.; Pencer, J.; Zeller, M.; Dweiri, Y.

    2009-01-01

    This paper summarizes calculations of MCNP5 and WIMS-AECL/RFSP compared against measurements in coolant void substitution experiments in the ZED-2 critical facility with CANFLEX R-LEU/RU (Low Enriched Uranium, Recovered Uranium) reference fuels and CANFLEX-LVRF (Low Void Reactivity Fuel) test fuel, and H 2 O/air coolants. Both codes are tested for the prediction of the change in reactivity with complete voiding of all fuel channels, and that for a checkerboard voiding pattern. Understanding these phenomena is important for the ACR-1000 R reactor. Comparisons are also made for the prediction of the axial and radial neutron flux distributions, as measured by copper foil activation. The experimental data for these comparisons were obtained from critical mixed lattice / substitution experiments in AECL's ZED-2 critical facility using CANFLEX-LEU/RU and CANFLEX-LVRF fuel in a 24-cm square lattice pitch at 25 degrees C. Substitution analyses were performed to isolate the properties (buckling, bare critical lattice dimensions) of the CANFLEX-LVRF fuel. This data was then used to further test the lattice physics codes. These comparisons establish biases/uncertainties and errors in the calculation of k eff , coolant void reactivity, checkerboard coolant void reactivity, and flux distributions. Results show small to modest biases in void reactivity and very good agreement for flux distributions. The importance of boundary conditions and the modeling of un-moderated fuel in the critical experiments are demonstrated. This comparison study provides data that supports code validation and gives good confidence in the reactor physics tools used in the design and safety analysis of the ACR-1000 reactor. (authors)

  8. On techniques of ATR lattice computation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1997-08-01

    Lattice computation is to compute the average nuclear constants of unit fuel lattice which are required for computing core nuclear characteristics such as core power distribution and reactivity characteristics. The main nuclear constants are infinite multiplying rate, neutron movement area, cross section for diffusion computation, local power distribution and isotope composition. As for the lattice computation code, WIMS-ATR is used, which is based on the WIMS-D code developed in U.K., and for the purpose of heightening the accuracy of analysis, which was improved by adding heavy water scattering cross section considering the temperature dependence by Honeck model. For the computation of the neutron absorption by control rods, LOIEL BLUE code is used. The extrapolation distance of neutron flux on control rod surfaces is computed by using THERMOS and DTF codes, and the lattice constants of adjoining lattices are computed by using the WIMS-ATR code. As for the WIMS-ATR code, the computation flow and nuclear data library, and as for the LOIEL BLUE code, the computation flow are explained. The local power distribution in fuel assemblies determined by the WIMS-ATR code was verified with the measured data, and the results are reported. (K.I.)

  9. Olympic boxing is associated with elevated levels of the neuronal protein tau in plasma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Neselius, Sanna; Zetterberg, Henrik; Blennow, Kaj; Randall, Jeffrey; Wilson, David; Marcusson, Jan; Brisby, Helena

    2013-01-01

    The aim of this study was to investigate if olympic (amateur) boxing is associated with elevation of brain injury biomarkers in peripheral blood compared to controls. Thirty olympic boxers competing in at least 47 bouts were compared to 25 controls. Blood was collected from the controls at one occasion and from the boxers within 1-6 days after a bout and after a rest period of at least 14 days. Tau concentration in plasma was determined using a novel single molecule ELISA assay and S-100B, glial fibrillary acidic protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and amyloid β 1-42 were determined using standard immunoassays. None of the boxers had been knocked-out during the bout. Plasma-tau was significantly increased in the boxers after a bout compared to controls (mean ± SD, 2.46 ± 5.10 vs. 0.79 ± 0.961 ng L(-1), p = 0.038). The other brain injury markers did not differ between the groups. Plasma-tau decreased significantly in the boxers after a resting period compared to after a bout (p = 0.030). Olympic boxing is associated with elevation of tau in plasma. The repetitive minimal head injury in boxing may lead to axonal injuries that can be diagnosed with a blood test.

  10. Applications of fiber optics sensors in weigh-in-motion (WIM) systems for monitoring truck weights on pavements and structures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2003-04-01

    The main objective of this project was to investigate emerging technologies and to establish criteria for evaluating fiber optic sensors used to measure actual dynamic loads on pavements and structures. The dynamic load of particular interest for thi...

  11. Should Individuals Who Possess Only One Brain Be Allowed To Box?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brady, Don

    This paper questions the acceptance of injuries obtained while participating in sport and in particular, the relationship between participation in boxing and brain injury/damage identified in boxers. A review of the literature indicates research findings support the tenet that brain damage found in boxers is cumulative and is directly related to…

  12. Nuclear data needs of Indian nuclear program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fernando, M.P.S.

    2015-01-01

    Currently 17 Pressurised Heavy water Reactors (PHWRs), 2 Boiling water reactors (BWRs) and 1 Pressurised water reactor (PWR) are being operated for power production by Nuclear Power Corporation India Limited (NPCIL). For PHWRs, different types of fuel bundles are simulated by the integral transport theory code, CLUB using a combination of collision probability method and interface current technique and employing IAEA supplied 69 /172 group WIMS cross section library based on ENDF-BVI, BVII. Ring power factors are calculated at different burnups and are used to estimate linear heat rating. The two group neutron cross sections of different type of lattices at different core irradiations are also generated by lattice code CLUB. Wherever reactivity devices are present, supercell approach is adopted and the suitable incremental absorption cross sections are obtained using BOXER which is based on 3-D integral transport theory considering two neutron energy groups. Using the appropriate properties for normal lattices and ones affected by reactivity devices, fuel management and core follow up studies are carried out using 3-D diffusion theory based TRIVENI code. The KAPS-1 power rise transient on March 10, 2004 brought to focus the importance of accurate nuclear data for reactor physics estimation in Indian PHWRs. With IAEA supplied libraries in WIMS format we could satisfactorily resolve the rate of power increase. Stability analysis and sensitivity analysis was carried out for different incore burnup situations resulting from peak flux operation. The quantification of output uncertainties is necessary to adequately establish safety margins of nuclear facilities. The uncertainties in the integral parameters such as reactivity worth and coefficients due to cross section can be assessed using cross section covariance data produced directly from the uncertainties of measurements. Covariance data processing codes and sensitivity analysis tools have to be developed. The part

  13. Hyperfine 3D neutronic calculations in CANDU supercells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Balaceanu, V.; Aioanei, L.; Pavelescu, M.

    2010-01-01

    For an accurate evaluation of the fuel performances, it is very important to have capability to calculate the three dimensional spatial flux distributions in the fuel bundle. According this issue, in our Institute, a multigroup calculation methodology named WIMS-PIJXYZ was especially developed for estimating the local neutronic parameters in CANDU cell/supercells. The objective of this paper is to present this calculation methodology and to use it in performing some hyperfine neutronic calculations in CANDU type supercells. More exactly, after a short description for the WIMS-PIJXYZ methodology, the end effect for some CANDU fuel bundles is estimated. The WIMS-PIJXYZ methodology is based on WIMS and PIJXYZ transport codes. WIMS is a standard lattice-cell code and it is used for generating the multigroup macroscopic cross sections for the materials in the fuel cells. For obtaining the flux and power distributions in CANDU fuel bundles the PIJXYZ code is used. This code is consistent with WIMS lattice-cell calculations and allows a good geometrical representation of the CANDU bundle in three dimensions. The end effect consists in the increasing of the thermal neutron flux in the end region and the increasing of power in the end of the fuel rod. The region separating the CANDU fuel in two adjoining bundles in a channel is called the 'end region' and the end of the last pellet in the fuel stack adjacent to the end region is called the 'fuel end'. The end effect appears because the end region of the bundle is made up of coolant and Zircaloy-4, a very low neutron absorption material. To estimate the end effect, the flux peaking factors and the power peaking factors are calculated. It was taken in consideration CANDU Standard (Natural Uranium, with 37 elements) fuel bundles. In the end of the paper, the results obtained by WIMS-PIJXYZ methodology with the similar LEGENTR results are compared. The comparative analysis shows a good agreement. (authors)

  14. Box Boxing Boxers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    van der Meijden, Peter Alexander

    2014-01-01

    I anledning af lanceringen af Lomholt Mail Art Archive online skitserer artiklen forholdet mellem mail art og udstillingen/arkivet som formidlingsform. Udgangspunkt er spørgsmålet, hvorfor så mange mail art-kunstnere på trods af deres anti-institutionalisme alligevel valgte at organisere udstilli...

  15. Burnup calculation of a CANDU6 reactor using the Serpent and MCNP6 codes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hussein, M.S.; Bonin, H.W., E-mail: mohamed.hussein@rmc.ca, E-mail: bonin-h@rmc.ca [Royal Military College of Canada, Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kingston, ON (Canada); Lewis, B.J., E-mail: Brent.Lewis@uoit.ca [Univ. of Ontario Inst. of Tech., Faculty of Energy Systems and Nuclear Science, Oshawa, ON (Canada)

    2014-07-01

    A study of fuel burnup for the CANDU6 reactor is carried out to validate the most recent versions of the probabilistic transport code (MCNP6) and the continuous energy burnup calculation code (Serpent). These two codes allow for 3-D geometry calculation accounting for a detailed analysis without unit-cell homogenization. On the other hand, the WIMS-AECL computer program is used to model neutron transport in nuclear-reactor lattices for design, safety analysis, and operation. It works with two-dimensional regions and can perform collision probability calculations for a periodic structure of the lattice cell. In the present work, the multiplication factor, the total flux and fuel burnup could be calculated for a CANDU6 nuclear reactor based on the GENTILLY-2 core design. The MCNP6 and Serpent codes provide a calculation of the track length estimated flux per neutron source. This estimated flux is then scaled with normalization to the reactor power in order to provide a flux in unit of n/cm{sup 2}s. Good agreement is observed between the actual total flux calculated by MCNP6, Serpent and WIMS-AECL. The effective multiplication factors of the whole core CANDU6 reactor are further calculated as a function of burnup and further compared to those calculated by WIMS-AECL where excellent agreement is also obtained. (author)

  16. Burnup calculation of a CANDU6 reactor using the Serpent and MCNP6 codes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hussein, M.S.; Bonin, H.W.; Lewis, B.J.

    2014-01-01

    A study of fuel burnup for the CANDU6 reactor is carried out to validate the most recent versions of the probabilistic transport code (MCNP6) and the continuous energy burnup calculation code (Serpent). These two codes allow for 3-D geometry calculation accounting for a detailed analysis without unit-cell homogenization. On the other hand, the WIMS-AECL computer program is used to model neutron transport in nuclear-reactor lattices for design, safety analysis, and operation. It works with two-dimensional regions and can perform collision probability calculations for a periodic structure of the lattice cell. In the present work, the multiplication factor, the total flux and fuel burnup could be calculated for a CANDU6 nuclear reactor based on the GENTILLY-2 core design. The MCNP6 and Serpent codes provide a calculation of the track length estimated flux per neutron source. This estimated flux is then scaled with normalization to the reactor power in order to provide a flux in unit of n/cm 2 s. Good agreement is observed between the actual total flux calculated by MCNP6, Serpent and WIMS-AECL. The effective multiplication factors of the whole core CANDU6 reactor are further calculated as a function of burnup and further compared to those calculated by WIMS-AECL where excellent agreement is also obtained. (author)

  17. Probability Based Evaluation of Vehicular Bridge Load using Weigh-in-Motion Data

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Widi Nugraha

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Load and Resistance Factored Design (LRFD method for designing bridge in Indonesia have been implemented for more than 25 years. LRFD method treating loads and strengths variables as random variables with specific safety factors for different loads and strengths variables type. The nominal loads, load factors, reduction factors, and other criteria for bridge design code can be determined to meet the reliability criteria. Statistical data of weigh-in-motion (WIM vehicular loads measurement in Northern Java highway, Cikampek - Pamanukan, West Java (2011, used in as statistical loads variable. A 25 m simple span bridge with reinforced concrete T-girder is used as a model for structural analysis due to WIM measured and nominal vehicular load based on RSNI T-02-2005, with applied bending moment of girder as the output. The distribution fitting result of applied bending moment due to WIM measured vehicular loads is lognormal. The maximum bending moment due to RSNI T-02-2005 nominal vehicular load is 842.45 kN-m and has probability of exceedance of 5x10-5. It can be concluded, for this study, that the bridge designed using RSNI T-02-2005 is safely designed, since it has reliability index, β of 5.02, higher than target reliability, β ranging from 3.50 or 3.72.

  18. Hair cycle in dogs with different hair types in a tropical region of Brazil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Favarato, Evandro S; Conceição, Lissandro Gonçalves

    2008-02-01

    Hair cycle activity has been extensively studied in humans, sheep and laboratory animals, but there is a lack of information in dogs. Besides varying according to species, breed, sex and general health, hair growth is mainly affected by climatic variations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the follicle activity in three breeds of dogs with different hair types, in the city of Viçosa, Minas Gerais (latitude 20 degrees 45'S), Brazil. Twenty-one male dogs of boxer, labrador and schnauzer breeds were trichographically analysed monthly over 12 consecutive months. Hair percentage of telogen and anagen hairs at the different stages of the hair cycle in boxers and labradors was not significantly different, but both differed from the schnauzers. A significant correlation between hair follicle cycle and environmental temperature and photoperiod was noted in the boxers and labradors. In these breeds, a larger number of telogen hairs were observed during the hottest months of the year, and an increase in anagen hairs during the coldest months. The mean percentage of telogen hairs was 93, 90 and 55.3% for boxer, labrador and schnauzer, respectively.

  19. [Boxing: traumatology and prevention].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cabanis, Emmanuel-Alain; Iba-Zizen, Marie-Thérèse; Perez, Georges; Senegas, Xavier; Furgoni, Julien; Pineau, Jean-Claude; Louquet, Jean-Louis; Henrion, Roger

    2010-10-01

    In 1986, a surgeon who, as an amateur boxer himself was concerned with boxers' health, approached a pioneering Parisian neuroimaging unit. Thus began a study in close cooperation with the French Boxing Federation, spanning 25 years. In a first series of 52 volunteer boxers (13 amateurs and 39 professionals), during which MRI gradually replaced computed tomography, ten risk factors were identified, which notably included boxing style: only one of 40 "stylists" with a good boxing technique had cortical atrophy (4.5 %), compared to 15 % of "sloggers". Changes to the French Boxing Federation rules placed the accent on medical prevention. The second series, of 247 boxers (81 amateurs and 266 professionals), showed a clear improvement, as lesions were suspected in 14 individuals, of which only 4 (1.35 %) were probably due to boxing. The third and fourth series were part of a protocol called "Brain-Boxing-Ageing", which included 76 boxers (11 having suffered KOs) and 120 MRI scans, with reproducible CT and MRI acquisitions (9 sequences with 1.5 T then 3 T, and CT). MRI anomalies secondary to boxing were found in 11 % of amateurs and 38 % of professionals (atrophy, high vascular T2 signal areas, 2 cases of post-KO subdural bleeding). CT revealed sinus damage in 13 % of the amateurs and 19 % of the professionals. The risk of acute and chronic facial and brain damage was underline, along with detailed precautionary measures (organization of bouts, role of the referee and ringside doctor, and application of French Boxing Federation rules).

  20. Neurochemical aftermath of amateur boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zetterberg, Henrik; Hietala, M Albert; Jonsson, Michael; Andreasen, Niels; Styrud, Ewa; Karlsson, Ingvar; Edman, Ake; Popa, Cornel; Rasulzada, Abdullah; Wahlund, Lars-Olof; Mehta, Pankaj D; Rosengren, Lars; Blennow, Kaj; Wallin, Anders

    2006-09-01

    Little solid information is available on the possible risks for neuronal injury in amateur boxing. To determine whether amateur boxing and severity of hits are associated with elevated levels of biochemical markers for neuronal injury in cerebrospinal fluid. Longitudinal study. Referral center specializing in evaluation of neurodegenerative disorders. Fourteen amateur boxers (11 men and 3 women) and 10 healthy male nonathletic control subjects. The boxers underwent lumbar puncture 7 to 10 days and 3 months after a bout. The control subjects underwent LP once. Neurofilament light protein, total tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein, phosphorylated tau, and beta-amyloid protein 1-40 (Abeta([1-40])) and 1-42 (Abeta([1-42])) concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were measured. Increased levels after a bout compared with after 3 months of rest from boxing were found for 2 markers for neuronal and axonal injury, neurofilament light protein (mean +/- SD, 845 +/- 1140 ng/L vs 208 +/- 108 ng/L; P = .008) and total tau (mean +/- SD, 449 +/- 176 ng/L vs 306 +/- 78 ng/L; P = .006), and for the astroglial injury marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (mean +/- SD, 541 +/- 199 ng/L vs 405 +/- 138 ng/L; P = .003). The increase was significantly higher among boxers who had received many hits (>15) or high-impact hits to the head compared with boxers who reported few hits. In the boxers, concentrations of neurofilament light protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein, but not total tau, were significantly elevated after a bout compared with the nonathletic control subjects. With the exception of neurofilament light protein, there were no significant differences between boxers after 3 months of rest from boxing and the nonathletic control subjects. Amateur boxing is associated with acute neuronal and astroglial injury. If verified in longitudinal studies with extensive follow-up regarding the clinical outcome, analyses of cerebrospinal fluid may provide a scientific basis for

  1. FLYSAFE, nowcasting of in flight icing supporting aircrew decision making process

    Science.gov (United States)

    Drouin, A.; Le Bot, C.

    2009-09-01

    FLYSAFE is an Integrated Project of the 6th framework of the European Commission with the aim to improve flight safety through the development of a Next Generation Integrated Surveillance System (NGISS). The NGISS provides information to the flight crew on the three major external hazards for aviation: weather, air traffic and terrain. The NGISS has the capability of displaying data about all three hazards on a single display screen, facilitating rapid pilot appreciation of the situation by the flight crew. Weather Information Management Systems (WIMS) were developed to provide the NGISS and the flight crew with weather related information on in-flight icing, thunderstorms, wake-vortex and clear-air turbulence. These products are generated on the ground from observations and model forecasts. WIMS supply relevant information on three different scales: global, regional and local (over airport Terminal Manoeuvring Area). Within the flysafe program, around 120 hours of flight trials were performed during February 2008 and August 2008. Two aircraft were involved each with separate objectives : - to assess FLYSAFE's innovative solutions for the data-link, on-board data fusion, data-display, and data-updates during flight; - to evaluate the new weather information management systems (in flight icing and thunderstorms) using in-situ measurements recorded on board the test aircraft. In this presentation we will focus on the in-flight icing nowcasting system developed at Météo France in the framework of FLYSAFE: the local ICE WIMS. The local ICE WIMS is based on data fusion. The most relevant information for icing detection is extracted from the numerical weather prediction model, the infra-red and visible satellite imagery and the ground weather radar reflectivities. After a presentation of the local ICE WIMS, we detail the evaluation of the local ICE WIMS performed using the winter and summer flight trial data.

  2. Benchmark testing of Canadol-2.1 for heavy water reactor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Ping

    1999-01-01

    The new version evaluated nuclear data library of ENDF-B 6.5 has been released recently. In order to compare the quality of evaluated nuclear data CENDL-2.1 with ENDF-B 6.5, it is necessary to do benchmarks testing for them. In this work, CENDL-2.1 and ENDF-B 6.5 were used to generated the WIMS-69 group library respectively, and benchmarks testing was done for the heavy water reactor, using WIMS5A code. It is obvious that data files of CENDL-2.1 is better than that of old WIMS library for the heavy water reactors calculations, and is in good agreement with those of ENDF-B 6.5

  3. International Conference on Heavy Vehicles HVParis 2008 : Heavy Vehicle Transport Technology (HVTT 10)

    OpenAIRE

    JACOB, Bernard; NORDENGEN, Paul; O'CONNOR, Alan; BOUTELDJA, Mohamed

    2008-01-01

    Sommaire : Heavy vehicles and WIM technology, testing and standards. Interactions between heavy vehicles or trains and the infrastructure, environment and other system users. Heavy vehicle and road management information: measurements, data quality, data management. Freight mobility and safety. Vehicle classification, size and weight evaluation, regulations and enforcement. Traffic and road safety. WIM of road vehicles, trains and aeroplanes.

  4. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic study of parkinsonism related to boxing.

    OpenAIRE

    Davie, C A; Pirtosek, Z; Barker, G J; Kingsley, D P; Miller, P H; Lees, A J

    1995-01-01

    Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, localised to the lentiform nucleus, was carried out in three ex-professional boxers who developed a parkinsonian syndrome, six patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, and six age matched controls. The three ex-boxers all showed a pronounced reduction in the absolute concentration of N-acetylaspartate compared with the patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and the control group. This reduction is likely to reflect neuronal loss occurring in ...

  5. Weight Regain: No Link to Success in a Real-Life Multiday Boxing Tournament.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reale, Reid; Cox, Gregory R; Slater, Gary; Burke, Louise M

    2017-08-01

    Combat-sport athletes acutely reduce body mass (BM) before weigh-in in an attempt to gain a size/strength advantage over smaller opponents. Few studies have investigated these practices among boxers and none have explored the impact of this practice on competitive success. One hundred (30 women, 70 men) elite boxers participating in the Australian national championships were weighed at the official weigh-in and 1 h before each competition bout. Regain in BM after weigh-in was compared between finalists and nonfinalists, winners and losers of each fight, men and women, and weight divisions. Boxers were surveyed on their pre- and post-weigh-in nutrition practices. The lightest men's weight category displayed significantly greater relative BM regain than all other divisions, with no difference between other divisions. BM prebout was higher than official weigh-in for men (2.12% ± 1.62%; P < .001; ES = 0.13) and women (1.49% ± 1.65%; P < .001; ES = 0.11). No differences in BM regain were found between finalists and nonfinalists, winners and losers of individual bouts, or between preliminary or final bouts. BM regain was significantly greater (0.37% BM, P < .001; ES = 0.25) before an afternoon bout compared with a morning bout. Boxers engage in acute BM-loss practices before the official competition weigh-in, but this does not appear to affect competition outcomes, at least when weight regain between weigh-in and fighting is used as a proxy for the magnitude of acute loss. While boxers recognize the importance of recovering after weigh-in, current practice is not aligned with best-practice guidance.

  6. The problem of anti-doping control of luteinizing hormone in boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Llouquet, Jean Louis; Crepin, Nathalie; Lasne, Françoise

    2013-04-01

    Luteinizing hormone (LH) is physiologically produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Male athletes may use pharmaceutical LH for doping since it increases the production of testosterone by testes. This hormone is thus on the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) list of substances prohibited for males. Anti-doping laboratories perform the assay of this hormone in urine and report abnormally elevated results. We observed a highly significant prevalence of abnormal results in samples taken after a boxing match. Comparison of the descriptive statistics for 426 LH values observed in boxing and other sports showed significant differences. An experimental study comparing urinary LH levels in 17 boxers before and after a match demonstrated a clear increase after the match. The same observation was made for urinary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in all of the eight boxers tested for this other pituitary gonadotropin. These observations have consequences for anti-doping controls, as the reference range for urinary LH levels must take into account the specificities of boxers. They also suggest consequences for the health of boxers. Although to our knowledge such observations have never been described, other pituitary disorders have been reported. Our results deserve further investigation from a medical point of view. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  7. http://www.sportmont.ucg.ac.me/clanci/SportMont_Maj_2007_Mijajlovic_725-731.pdf

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miodrag Drapšin

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available This work represents the motor testing results within the two groups of wrestlers and boxers who are current members of national team. The results of mentioned testing show the existence of signifi cant differences in the motor space and therefore emphasize the statistical meaning. The wrestlers’ group attains values of the measured variables very close to the results that are published by the other authors, meanwhile the boxers group fails behind world’s standards.

  8. Boxing: medical care in and out of the ring.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gambrell, Robert C

    2007-10-01

    Boxing may well be the oldest sport known to mankind and probably the most controversial. Injuries are common in boxing, occurring most often to the head, neck, face, and hands. Brain injury, both acute and chronic, is the major risk for potential catastrophe. Medical care for the boxer extends beyond the competition in the boxing ring; the ringside physician is responsible for protecting both boxers and must make quick decisions about their continued participation based upon a limited examination. A thorough knowledge of the rules and regulations of boxing is necessary for the ringside physician to effectively care for the athlete. In spite of the perceived brutality associated with the sport, most injuries are minor, although serious injuries and deaths do occur, most commonly due to brain injury. Given the potential for catastrophic injury, the ringside physician must be prepared and equipped to care for the boxer.

  9. Hypomagnesemia in brachycephalic dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mellema, M S; Hoareau, G L

    2014-01-01

    Brachycephalic dogs are at risk for arterial hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea, which are both associated with chronic magnesium (Mg) depletion. To compare the period prevalence of hypomagnesemia between Boxers and Bulldogs presented to a referral teaching hospital. To screen a group of Bulldogs for evidence of hypomagnesemia, and to obtain pilot data regarding the utility of parenteral Mg tolerance testing (PMgTT) in the diagnosis of whole-body Mg deficiency. Chemistry laboratory submissions were retrospectively analyzed for serum total Mg (tMg) in Boxers and Bulldogs. Prospectively, 16 healthy client-owned Bulldogs were enrolled. Retrospective case study. tMg concentrations were compared between Boxers and Bulldogs. Dogs with low serum albumin or high serum creatinine concentrations were excluded. Prospectively, ionized Mg (iMg), tMg, and arterial blood pressure were measured and iMg-to-tMg ratio (iMg : tMg) was calculated. Parenteral Mg tolerance testing (PMgTT) was performed in 3/16 dogs. In the retrospective study, period prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 4.7% in Boxers and 15% in Bulldogs (P = .02). The risk ratio for hypomagnesemia in Bulldogs was 1.8 when compared to Boxers (CI: 1.3-2.7). In the prospective study, iMg was [median (interquartile)] 0.43 (0.42-0.46) mmol/L (reference range 0.4-0.52), tMg was 1.9 (1.8-1.9) mg/dL (reference range 1.9-2.5). iMg : tMg was [mean (±SD)] 0.59 ± 0.04. Percentage retention after PMgTT were 55%, 95%, and 67%, respectively. Mg deficiency is common in Bulldogs and could contribute to comorbidities often observed in this breed. iMg : tMg and PMgTT might prove helpful in detecting chronic subclinical Mg deficiency. Copyright © 2014 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

  10. Rapid weight gain in professional boxing and correlation with fight decisions: analysis from 71 title fights.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Daniele, Gianlorenzo; Weinstein, Richard N; Wallace, Paul Wesley; Palmieri, Vincenzo; Bianco, Massimiliano

    2016-11-01

    Boxing is a sport where athletes compete in several weight categories. Professional boxers typically dehydrate to cut their weight for the weigh-in (24 h before the contest) and then rehydrate before the fight. The International Boxing Federation (IBF) mandates a second weigh-in 12 h before the fight. Our objectives were: 1) To quantify the weight gain (WG) from the 1st to the 2nd weigh-in; 2) to investigate whether rapid WG affects boxing performance (win/loss rate) and 3) whether weight discrepancy (WD) 15 between boxers exposes them to increased health risks (rate of fights ended before time limit). From official weigh-in reports of 71 IBF fights (142 fighters) the following data were gathered/calculated for each boxer: age, weight division, 1st weight, 2nd weight, WG between weigh-ins (kg and %), WD between opponents, and fight decision. Between the weigh-ins, the average WG was 2.52 ± 1.37 kg (range -0.3/6.4 kg) and 3.8 ± 2.2% of the initial body weight (range -0.4/9.3%) and the average WD 1.94 ± 1.50 kg (maximum 7.10 kg). Both WG and WD did not affect match outcomes. We observed tendencies for higher loss rate among boxers gaining more weight, and for higher victory rate in boxers with larger WD, however without reaching significance. A significant negative correlation was found between the 1st weight and the WG, both in absolute (r = -0.278, p = 0.001) and relative value (r = -0.497, p boxing performance were not found, single cases with an alarming high WG and WD were noted.

  11. Medical survey of female boxing in Italy in 2002-2003.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianco, M; Pannozzo, A; Fabbricatore, C; Sanna, N; Moscetti, M; Palmieri, V; Zeppilli, P

    2005-08-01

    Female boxing has been permitted in Italy since 2001. According to the latest Italian laws, athletes applying to become boxers have to pass a pre-participation medical examination. To collect novel medical information from the pre-participation visits and mandatory pre-competition and post-competition examinations for all fights involving Italian female boxers in 2002-2003. A retrospective study on all official female boxing competitions in Italy from January 2002 to October 2003 was conducted. A prospective study on 28 amateur female boxers was also carried out. Retrospective study: data from 664 examinations were collected. Pre-match examinations were negative. After competitions, 19/645 visits showed some injuries, with mild, soft tissue facial lesions, epistaxis, and hand-wrist problems being the most common. Prospective study: no major lesions were found during the study. One fibroadenoma, one ovarian cyst, and one intramural uterine myoma were found. One boxer was referred to a neurologist because of non-specific electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities, which persisted six months later. On a re-admission examination, which was needed because of a contest that was stopped because the referee judged that she was receiving blows to the head that were dangerous, one boxer showed non-specific EEG alterations and nystagmus. A cerebral magnetic resonance imaging scan was normal. She was allowed to participate in competitions again when her EEG returned to normal and clinical signs disappeared. Deviation of the nasal septum was quite common (68%). No major eye injuries were reported. Probably because of the correct preventive medical approach, female boxing is much safer than expected, and no major lesions (requiring hospital admission) were reported. Any lesions to the breast and reproductive system could not be considered to be boxing related.

  12. Medical survey of female boxing in Italy in 2002–2003

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianco, M; Pannozzo, A; Fabbricatore, C; Sanna, N; Moscetti, M; Palmieri, V; Zeppilli, P

    2005-01-01

    Background: Female boxing has been permitted in Italy since 2001. According to the latest Italian laws, athletes applying to become boxers have to pass a pre-participation medical examination. Objective: To collect novel medical information from the pre-participation visits and mandatory pre-competition and post-competition examinations for all fights involving Italian female boxers in 2002–2003. Methods: A retrospective study on all official female boxing competitions in Italy from January 2002 to October 2003 was conducted. A prospective study on 28 amateur female boxers was also carried out. Results: Retrospective study: data from 664 examinations were collected. Pre-match examinations were negative. After competitions, 19/645 visits showed some injuries, with mild, soft tissue facial lesions, epistaxis, and hand-wrist problems being the most common. Prospective study: no major lesions were found during the study. One fibroadenoma, one ovarian cyst, and one intramural uterine myoma were found. One boxer was referred to a neurologist because of non-specific electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities, which persisted six months later. On a re-admission examination, which was needed because of a contest that was stopped because the referee judged that she was receiving blows to the head that were dangerous, one boxer showed non-specific EEG alterations and nystagmus. A cerebral magnetic resonance imaging scan was normal. She was allowed to participate in competitions again when her EEG returned to normal and clinical signs disappeared. Deviation of the nasal septum was quite common (68%). No major eye injuries were reported. Conclusion: Probably because of the correct preventive medical approach, female boxing is much safer than expected, and no major lesions (requiring hospital admission) were reported. Any lesions to the breast and reproductive system could not be considered to be boxing related. PMID:16046338

  13. The activity profile of elite male amateur boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Davis, Philip; Benson, Peter R; Pitty, James D; Connorton, Andrew J; Waldock, Robert

    2015-01-01

    An activity profile of competitive 3 × 3-min elite-level amateur boxing was created from video footage of 29 Olympic final and semifinal bouts in 39 male boxers (mean ± SD) age 25.1 ± 3.6 y, height 178.3 ± 10.4 cm, and body mass 69.7 ± 16.5 kg. Boxing at this level requires the ability to maintain an activity rate of ~1.4 actions/s, consisting of ~20 punches, ~2.5 defensive movements, and ~47 vertical hip movements, all per minute, over 3 subsequent rounds lasting ~200 s each. Winners had higher total punches landed (P = .041) and a lower ratio of punches thrown to landed (P = .027) than losers in round 3. The hook rear-hand landed was also higher for winners than losers in round 2 (P = .038) and round 3 (P = .016), and defensive movements were used less by winners (P = .036). However, the results suggest that technical discrimination between winners and losers is difficult; bout outcome may be more dependent on which punch is "lucky" enough to be scored by the judges or who appears to be dominant on the day. This study gives both boxers and coaches a good idea of where subelite boxers need to aim if they want to become among the best amateur boxers in the world.

  14. Injuries in competitive boxing. A prospective study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Siewe, J; Rudat, J; Zarghooni, K; Sobottke, R; Eysel, P; Herren, C; Knöll, P; Illgner, U; Michael, J

    2015-03-01

    Boxing remains a subject of controversy and is often classified as dangerous. But the discussion is based mostly on retrospective studies. This survey was conducted as a prospective study. From October 2012 to September 2013, 44 competitive boxers were asked to report their injuries once a month. The questionnaire collected general information (training, competition) and recorded the number of bouts fought, injuries and resulting lost days. A total of 192 injuries were recorded, 133 of which resulted in interruption of training or competition. Each boxer sustained 3 injuries per year on average. The injury rate was 12.8 injuries per 1 000 h of training. Boxers fighting more than 3 bouts per year sustain more injuries (p=0.0075). The injury rate does is not a function of age (age≤19 vs. > 19a, p=0.53). Injuries to the head and the upper limbs occur most frequently. The most common injuries are soft tissue lacerations and contusions. Head injuries with neurological symptoms rarely occur (4.2%). Boxing has a high injury rate that is comparable with other contact sports, but most injuries are minor. Injury frequency is not a function of whether the boxer competes in the junior or adult category. Athletes fighting many bouts per year have a greater risk of injury. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  15. A prospective cohort study of injury in amateur and professional boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zazryn, T; Cameron, P; McCrory, P

    2006-08-01

    There is concern over the potential for a high incidence of injury in boxing. This is despite a lack of prospective data evaluating the risk for modern day participants. Updated, reliable data with a focus on potential exposure to injury for both amateur and, especially, professional boxers is required. To determine the epidemiology of injury and exposure of amateur and professional boxers in Victoria, Australia. A prospective cohort study with one year follow up was carried out over 2004-2005. Thirty three amateur and 14 active professional boxers registered with either Boxing Victoria Inc (amateurs) or the Professional Boxing and Combat Sports Board of Victoria (professionals) volunteered. Exposure at training and competition was measured, and any injuries sustained during this participation were recorded. Twenty one injuries were sustained by the cohort during the follow up period. Most were to the head region (71%; 95% confidence interval -3.7 to 89.4), with concussion being the most common (33%). An overall injury rate of 2.0 injuries per 1000 hours of boxing was calculated. The high exposure experienced by the boxers (as a result of considerable training time) indicated that boxing has acute injury rates comparable to, and often lower than, those found in other contact and non-contact sports. Further, acute injuries during training appear to be less common and severe than those sustained in bouts.

  16. Infectious disease and boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    King, Osric S

    2009-10-01

    There are no unique boxing diseases but certain factors contributing to the spread of illnesses apply strongly to the boxer, coach, and the training facility. This article examines the nature of the sport of boxing and its surrounding environment, and the likelihood of spread of infection through airborne, contact, or blood-borne routes of transmission. Evidence from other sports such as running, wrestling, and martial arts is included to help elucidate the pathophysiologic elements that could be identified in boxers.

  17. Progressive parkinsonism in boxers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Friedman, J H

    1989-05-01

    Parkinsonism associated with boxing has attracted recent media attention, yet little has been written about it in the medical literature. This report presents a typical case with a review of the literature.

  18. Nuclear Data Processing for Reactor Physics Calculation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Suwoto; Zuhair; Pandiangan, Tumpal

    2003-01-01

    Nuclear data processing for reactor physics calculation has been done. Raw nuclear data cross-sections on file ENDF should be prepared and processed before it used in neutronic calculation. The processing code system such as NJOY-PC code has been used from linearization of nuclear cross-sections data and background contribution of resonance parameter (MF2) using RECONR module (0K) with energy range from 10 -5 to 10 7 eV. Afterward, the neutron cross-sections data should be processed and broadened to desire temperature (i.e. 293K) by using BROADR module. The Grouper and Therma modules will be applied for multi-groups calculation which suitable for WIMS/D4 (69 groups) and thermalization of nuclear constants. The final stage of processing nuclear cross-sections is updating WIMS/D4 library. The WIMSR module in NJOY-PC and WILLIE code will be applied in this stage. The evaluated nuclear data file, especially for 1 H 1 isotope, was taken from JENDL-3.2 and ENDF/B-VI for preliminary study. The results of nuclear data processing 1 H 1 shows that the old-WIMS (WIMS-lama) library have much discrepancies comparing with JENDL-3.2 or ENDF/B-VI files, especially in energy around 5 keV

  19. Fabrication and Analysis Signal Optical Fiber Sensor Based On Bend Loss for Weight in Motion Applications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aftah Syukron, Ahmad; Marzuki, Ahmad; Setyawan, Ary

    2017-11-01

    Road network plays very important role in economic development. Overweight is one of the main factors contributing to road damage. To minimize this factor, road authority has to make sure that all vehicles operate in according to maximum vehicle regulation set by the government. The one solution can use from this problem is Weight in motion (WIM) technology. WIM technology allows measuring vehicle weight quickly. The sensor is one of the important components in the WIM system. This paper presents a model of WIM fiber sensor work based on bend loss. Fiber sensor has made by coiling optical fiber. Coiling optical fiber has managed in the elliptical shape rubber coil. Rubber coil then is planted in the pad of sensor. The principle of this sensor is a detecting of the shift light intensity output of optical fiber when the vehicles a passing through on fiber sensor. Loading was carried out using loaded truck model. Data was carried out with variations of load and load positions in the truck. The results can be concluded that the shift light intensity is greater with the more shift loads. The loader of the truck has also resulted in the greater loss. Loads in the truck distributed on the axles due to the position of loads.

  20. Development of upgraded full-core 3D diffusion models for the Pickering stations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Arsenault, B., E-mail: benoit.arsenault@amecfw.com [AMEC Foster Wheeler, Toronto, ON (Canada); Catovic, Z., E-mail: zlatko.catovic@opg.com [Ontario Power Generation, Pickering, ON (Canada); Shaula, S., E-mail: sergiy.shaula@amecfw.com [AMEC Foster Wheeler, Toronto, ON (Canada); Buchan, P.D., E-mail: david.buchan@opg.com [Ontario Power Generation, Pickering, ON (Canada)

    2015-07-01

    This paper describes a methodology used to model Pickering reactors with the Reactor Physics toolset currently in use at OPG stations, which includes the Reactor Physics Industry Standard Toolset (RFSP-IST/WIMS-IST/DRAGON-IST) and the fuel management code SORO. Detailed geometries were modeled in DRAGON-IST with devices and structures that extended into the reflector region and incremental properties were calculated for reactivity devices, guide tubes and structural materials based on the engineering drawings. Simulations and comparisons with measurements performed showed improved predictive capabilities of the new reactor physics models. (author)

  1. Development of upgraded full-core 3D diffusion models for the Pickering stations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Arsenault, B.; Catovic, Z.; Shaula, S.; Buchan, P.D.

    2015-01-01

    This paper describes a methodology used to model Pickering reactors with the Reactor Physics toolset currently in use at OPG stations, which includes the Reactor Physics Industry Standard Toolset (RFSP-IST/WIMS-IST/DRAGON-IST) and the fuel management code SORO. Detailed geometries were modeled in DRAGON-IST with devices and structures that extended into the reflector region and incremental properties were calculated for reactivity devices, guide tubes and structural materials based on the engineering drawings. Simulations and comparisons with measurements performed showed improved predictive capabilities of the new reactor physics models. (author)

  2. Measuring the force of punches using an accelerometric punching bag - Relationship between force of punches and power of jump - An example of application of the modern information technology in sport

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pilewska, Wiesława; Buśko, Krzysztof; Nikolaidis, Pantelis Theodoros

    2017-11-01

    The main aim of the study was to design a new system to measure punching forces in boxers. In addition, the study examined whether there were any relationship between force of punches and power of jump. A total of 9 boxers (age: 17.5±1.2 years, body height: 174.1±8.1 cm, body mass: 73.9±11.8 kg) participated in the study. The punching bag was equipped with acceleration transducers and gyroscopes embedded in a cylinder covered with a layer to absorb shock as well as a set of colour signal diodes. Value of the punching bag's acceleration was used for calculating: strike force; the punching location on the bag; and time of a strike. The relative error of force calculation was 3%; the relative error in acceleration measurement was less than 1%. The maximal straight of rear and lead punching forces were 1702.4±497.8 N and 1262.0±417.7 N in boxers, respectively. Strong correlations were found between the punching force and power of lower limbs developed for the ACMJ, CMJ and SPJ jump. Height of rise of the body mass centre and punching force correlated insignificantly. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the modified punching bag is a good diagnostic tool for combat sports. The measurement of power during the jump may be a good diagnostic test in boxers.

  3. Nuclear data evaluation and group constant generation for reactor analysis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kim, Jung Do; Gil, Choong Sub; Lee, Jong Tai; Hwang, Won Guk [Korea Atomic Energy Research Inst., Daeduk (Korea, Republic of)

    1990-12-01

    A one-group cross section data base used by the ORIGEN2 computer code to simulate the depletion, buildup and decay of radionuclides in research reactor was developed. For this, ENDF/B-IV or -V data was processed using the NJOY code system into 69-group data. The burn-up-dependent weighting spectra were calculated with the WIMS-KAERI code, and then the 69-group data were collapsed to one-group using the spectra. The ORIGEN2 depletion calculations for the KMRR fuel were performed using an old PWR and the new data base. By comparing these results to the WIMS-KAERI calculations, it is seen that the results of actinide composition calculated by the ORIGEN2 with the new data base turn out to be in an excellent agreement with the WIMS-KAERI results in the range up to 120 GWD/MTIHM burnup. (Author).

  4. Group cross sections in the resolved resonance region calculated for a CANDU-PHW reactor operating on closed thorium-uranium and thorium-plutonium-uranium fuel cycles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hamel, D.; Wilkin, G.B.

    1979-09-01

    Group cross sections in the resolved resonance region are commonly computed for each nuclide independently of other resonance nuclides present in the fuel mixture. While this technique is usually entirely adequate for uranium fuel cycles, it is necessary to establish its legitimacy for closed thorium fuel cycles topped with fissile uranium or plutonium by analysis of a number of representative cases. At the same time cross sections originating from WIMS (Winfrith Improved Multigroup Scheme) calculations are compared with values computed in this study. In this context, particular attention is paid to the adequacy of the lower boundary for the WIMS resonance treatment. All calculations are based on heavy nuclide cross sections from the ENDF/B-IV data compilaton (Evaluated Nuclear Data File). Appreciable interaction effects have been determined for all nuclides except for 232 Th. In most cases, these are due to the strong 232 Th resonance doublet at 21.8 eV and 23.5 eV but some effects also result from resonances of 234 U (5.19 eV, 48.75 eV), 236 U (5.45 eV), 242 Pu (2.67 eV) and others. The influence of mutual interaction on the infinite lattice multiplicaton factor is very small in comparison to the effects of self-shielding. WIMS cross sections do not always compare well with the values computed in the study, but discrepancies are in most cases related to the different sources of data. Interaction effects are not explicitly taken into account in WIMS. Several nuclides ( 233 Pa, 233 U, 240 Pu, 242 Pu) show appreciable self-shielding below the WIMS resonance region and are therefore not treated adequately. The impact of these discrepancies on the multiplication factor is relatively small, however, because of error cancellation. (author)

  5. Metrological approach to the force exerted by the axle of a road vehicle in motion carrying liquid

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Faruolo, Luciano Bruno; Pinto, Fernando Augusto de Noronha Castro

    2016-01-01

    Weigh-in-motion (WIM) systems are used for identifying the dynamic force exerted on the ground by axles of a vehicle. These systems are important for monitoring the gross vehicle weight and the vehicle axle load. Overweighted trucks on the roads increase pavement damage and traffic accidents. Knowing the accuracy of WIM systems is necessary. In the case of liquid transport the ‘sloshing effect’ affects this accuracy. This paper aims to analyze the dynamic measurement of the axle forces in vehicles carrying liquid during WIM up to 6 km h −1 . Laboratory experiments using one vehicle with six axles and liquid loads on different levels in weighing instruments are presented. A non-linear computational multi-mass-springs model was developed and laboratory experiments were carried out to show the acceleration influences on axle forces of vehicles with six axles and with and without baffles to vary the ‘sloshing effect’. (paper)

  6. Reactor physics assessment of modified 37-element CANDU fuel bundles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pristavu, R.; Rizoiu, A.

    2016-01-01

    Reducing the central element diameter in order to improve the total flow area of CANDU fuel bundle and redistribute the power density of all remaining elements was studied in Canada and Korea when considering the effect of aging pressure tube diametral creep. The aim of this paper is to study the modified bundle behavior using the transport codes WIMS and DRAGON. In calculations, a WIMS nuclear data library on 172 energy groups was used. 2-D transport calculations were performed with WIMS and DRAGON, leading to similar results in estimated cell parameters. Additionally, 3-D DRAGON calculations were carried on in order to evaluate the local flux distribution shift, as well as the incremental cross sections for supercells containing modified CANDU bundles and reactivity devices. The overall effect of using modified fuel bundles was meaningless for both cell and supercell parameters, thus ensuring this possibility of fuel improvement for thermal-hydraulic purposes only. (authors)

  7. OECD benchmark a of MOX fueled PWR unit cells using SAS2H, triton and mocup

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ganda, F.; Greenspan, A.

    2005-01-01

    Three code systems are tested by applying them to calculate the OECD PWR MOX unit cell benchmark A. The codes tested are the SAS2H code sequence of the SCALE5 code package using 44 group library, MOCUP (MCNP4C + ORIGEN2), and the new TRITON depletion sequence of SCALE5 using 238 group cross sections generated using CENTRM with continuous energy cross sections. The burnup-dependent k ∞ and actinides concentration calculated by all three code-systems were found to be in good agreement with the OECD benchmark average results. Limited results were calculated also with the WIMS-ANL code package. WIMS-ANL was found to significantly under-predict k ∞ as well as the concentration of Pu 242 , consistently with the predictions of the WIMS-LWR reported by two of the OECD benchmark participants. Additionally, SAS2H is benchmarked against MOCUP for a hydride fuel containing unit cell, giving very satisfactory agreement. (authors)

  8. Assessment of neutron transport codes for application to CANDU fuel lattices analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roh, Gyu Hong; Choi, Hang Bok

    1999-08-01

    In order to assess the applicability of WIMS-AECL and HELIOS code to the CANDU fuel lattice analysis, the physics calculations has been carried out for the standard CANDU fuel and DUPIC fuel lattices, and the results were compared with those of Monte Carlo code MCNP-4B. In this study, in order to consider the full isotopic composition and the temperature effect, new MCNP libraries have been generated from ENDF/B-VI release 3 and validated for typical benchmark problems. The TRX-1,2,BAPL-1,2,3 pin -cell lattices and KENO criticality safety benchmark calculations have been performed for the new MCNP libraries, and the results have shown that the new MCNP library has sufficient accuracy to be used for physics calculation. Then, the lattice codes have been benchmarked by the MCNP code for the major physics parameters such as the burnup reactivity, void reactivity, relative pin power and Doppler coefficient, etc. for the standard CANDU fuel and DUPIC fuel lattices. For the standard CANDU fuel lattice, it was found that the results of WIMS-AECL calculations are consistent with those of MCNP. For the DUPIC fuel lattice, however, the results of WIMS-AECL calculations with ENDF/B-V library have shown that the discrepancy from the results of MCNP calculations increases when the fuel burnup is relatively high. The burnup reactivities of WIMS-ACEL calculations with ENDF/B-VI library have shown excellent agreements with those of MCNP calculation for both the standard CANDU and DUPIC fuel lattices. However, the Doppler coefficient have relatively large discrepancies compared with MCNP calculations, and the difference increases as the fuel burns. On the other hand, the results of HELIOS calculation are consistent with those of MCNP even though the discrepancy is slightly larger compared with the case of the standard CANDU fuel lattice. this study has shown that the WIMS-AECL products reliable results for the natural uranium fuel. However, it is recommended that the WIMS

  9. Utilities programs for the WIMSD4 code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Leszczynski, F.

    1990-01-01

    The WIMSD4 code is widely known around the world. For its better use, it is convenient to count with auxiliary programs. Two of these programs, developed in FORTRAN 77, in the VAX computer of the Bariloche Atomic Center, are herein presented. WINTER (Wims INTERactive) to generate input data of WIMSD4 in an interactive way, and AMICO (Anisn MIx and COndense) to deal with cross sections data of a multigroup data library and of WIMS output to be used in other programs, such as: ANISN, DOT, CITATION, DIPOBAR, etc. (Author) [es

  10. Foot and ankle problems in Muay Thai kickboxers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vaseenon, Tanawat; Intharasompan, Piyapong; Wattanarojanapom, Thongaek; Theeraamphon, Nipon; Auephanviriyakul, Sansanee; Phisitkul, Phinit

    2015-01-01

    Muay Thai kickboxing is a common sport that uses the foot and ankle in fighting. Muay Thai kickboxing trainees usually receive training in Thailand Foot and ankle problems in this group ofpeople who usually train barefoot remain unexplored To evaluate the prevalence of common foot and ankle problems in Muay Thai kick boxers. The present study is a cross-sectional survey of Muay Thai kick boxers practicing in northern Thailand. Interviews were conducted and foot and ankle examinations were evaluated Foot morphology was examined using a Harris mat footprint. One hundred and twenty-three Muay Thai kickbox ersinnine training gyms were included in this study. Common foot and ankle problems found in the Muay Thai kick boxers were callosity (59%), gastrocnemius contracture (57%), toe deformities (49.3%), wounds (10%) and heel pain (9%). Callosity was most commonly found on the forefoot (77.5%), on the plantar first metatarsal (55.3%) and on the big toe (33.3%). An association was found between a tight heel cord and a history of foot injury with prolonged periods of weekly training. Toe deformities such as hallux rigidus (37.6%) were also associated with prolonged periods of training (p = 0.001). No correlation was found between type of foot arch and foot and ankle problems. Plantar forefoot callosities and wounds as well as toe deformities including tight heel cords are some of the foot and ankle problems commonly found in Muay Thai kick boxers. They are associated with prolonged periods of barefoot training. The unique pattern of training and of the kicks in Muay Thai might be a path mechanism, leading to the development of foot and ankle problems.

  11. The King-Devick test as a concussion screening tool administered by sports parents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leong, D F; Balcer, L J; Galetta, S L; Liu, Z; Master, C L

    2014-02-01

    Sports-related concussion has received increasing awareness due to short- and long-term neurologic sequelae seen among athletes. The King-Devick (K-D) test captures impairment of eye movements and other correlates of suboptimal brain function. We investigated the K-D test as a screening for concussion when administered by layperson sports parents in a cohort of amateur boxers. The K-D test was administered pre-fight and post-fight by laypersons masked to the head trauma status of each athlete. Matches were watched over by a ringside physician and boxing trainer. Athletes with suspected head trauma received testing with the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation (MACE) by the ringside physician to determine concussion status. Athletes sustaining concussion were compared to the athletes screened using the K-D test. Post-fight K-D scores were lower (better) than the best baseline score (41 vs. 39.3 s, P=0.34, Wilcoxon signed-rank test), in the absence of concussion. One boxer sustained a concussion as determined by the ringside physician. This boxer was accurately identified by the layperson K-D testers due to a worsening in K-D test compared to baseline (3.2 seconds) and an increased number of errors. High levels of test-retest reliability were observed (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.90 [95% CI 0.84-0.97]). Additionally, 6 boxers who participated in multiple bouts showed no worsening of their K-D times further supporting that scores are not affected by the fatigue associated with sparring. The K-D test is a rapid sideline screening tool for concussion that can be effectively administered by non-medically trained laypersons.

  12. Ocular complications of boxing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianco, M; Vaiano, A; Colella, F; Coccimiglio, F; Moscetti, M; Palmieri, V; Focosi, F; Zeppilli, P; Vinger, P

    2005-01-01

    Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of ocular injuries in a large population of boxers over a period of 16 years, in particular, the most severe lesions that may be vision threatening. Methods: Clinical records of the medical archive of the Italian Boxing Federation were analysed. A total of 1032 boxers were examined from February 1982 to October 1998. A complete ophthalmological history was available for 956, who formed the study population (a total of 10 697 examinations). The following data were collected: age when started boxing; duration of competitive boxing career (from the date of the first bout); weight category; a thorough ocular history. The following investigations were carried out: measurement of visual acuity and visual fields, anterior segment inspection, applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, and examination of ocular fundus. Eighty age matched healthy subjects, who had never boxed, formed the control group. Results: Of the 956 boxers examined, 428 were amateur (44.8%) and 528 professional (55.2%). The median age at first examination was 23.1 (4.3) years (range 15–36). The prevalence of conjunctival, corneal, lenticular, vitreal, ocular papilla, and retinal alterations in the study population was 40.9% compared with 3.1% in the control group (p⩽0.0001). The prevalence of serious ocular findings (angle, lens, macula, and peripheral retina alterations) was 5.6% in boxers and 3.1% in controls (NS). Conclusions: Boxing does not result in a higher prevalence of severe ocular lesions than in the general population. However, the prevalence of milder lesions (in particular with regard to the conjunctiva and cornea) is noteworthy, justifying the need for adequate ophthalmological surveillance. PMID:15665199

  13. Assessment of CANDU physics codes using experimental data - II: CANDU core physics measurements

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roh, Gyu Hong; Jeong, Chang Joon; Choi, Hang Bok

    2001-11-01

    Benchmark calculations of the advanced CANDU reactor analysis tools (WIMS-AECL, SHETAN and RFSP) and the Monte Carlo code MCNP-4B have been performed using Wolsong Units 2 and 3 Phase-B measurement data. In this study, the benchmark calculations have been done for the criticality, boron worth, reactivity device worth, reactivity coefficient, and flux scan. For the validation of the WIMS-AECL/SHETANRFSP code system, the lattice parameters of the fuel channel were generated by the WIMS-AECL code, and incremental cross sections of reactivity devices and structural material were generated by the SHETAN code. The results have shown that the criticality is under-predicted by -4 mk. The reactivity device worths are generally consistent with the measured data except for the strong absorbers such as shutoff rod and mechanical control absorber. The heat transport system temperature coefficient and flux distributions are in good agreement with the measured data. However, the moderator temperature coefficient has shown a relatively large error, which could be caused by the incremental cross-section generation methodology for the reactivity device. For the MCNP-4B benchmark calculation, cross section libraries were newly generated from ENDF/B-VI release 3 through the NJOY97.114 data processing system and a three-dimensional full core model was developed. The simulation results have shown that the criticality is estimated within 4 mk and the estimated reactivity worth of the control devices are generally consistent with the measurement data, which implies that the MCNP code is valid for CANDU core analysis. In the future, therefore, the MCNP code could be used as a reference tool to benchmark design and analysis codes for the advanced fuels for which experimental data are not available

  14. Computational analysis of neutronic parameters for TRIGA Mark-II research reactor using evaluated nuclear data libraries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Uddin, M.N.; Sarker, M.M.; Khan, M.J.H.; Islam, S.M.A.

    2010-01-01

    The aim of this study is to analyze the neutronic parameters of TRIGA Mark-II research reactor using the chain of NJOY-WIMS-CITATION computer codes based on evaluated nuclear data libraries CENDL-2.2 and JEFF-3.1.1. The nuclear data processing code NJOY99.0 has been employed to generate the 69 group WIMS library for the isotopes of TRIGA core. The cell code WIMSD-5B was used to generate the cross sections in CITATION format and then 3-dimensional diffusion code CITTATION was used to calculate the neutronic parameters of the TRIGA Mark-II research reactor. All the analyses were performed using the 7-group macroscopic cross section library. The CITATION test-runs using different cross section sets based on different models applied in WIMS calculations have shown a strong influence of those models on the final integral parameters. Some of the cells were specially treated with PRIZE options available in WIMSD-5B to take into account the fine structure of the flux gradient in the fuel-reflector interface region. It was observed that two basic parameters, the effective multiplication factor, k eff and the thermal neutron flux, were in good agreement among the calculated results with each other as well as the measured values. The maximum power densities at the hot spot were 1.0446E02 W/cc and 1.0426E02 W/cc for the libraries CENDL-2.2 and JEFF-3.1.1 respectively. The calculated total peaking factors 5.793 and 5.745 were compared to the original SAR value of 5.6325 as well as MCNP result. Consequently, this analysis will be helpful to enhance the neutronic calculations and also be used for the further thermal-hydraulics study of the TRIGA core.

  15. Boxing fatalities in relation to rule changes in Japan: secondary data analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Teramoto, Masaru; Cross, Chad L; Cushman, Daniel M; Willick, Stuart E

    2018-01-18

    To examine whether changing weigh-in from the same day of the match to the day before the match and prohibiting 6-oz gloves are associated with fatalities in boxing matches sanctioned by the Japan Boxing Commission (JBC). We analyzed the rates of boxing fatalities before and after the two rule changes above via secondary analysis of data. Demographics and boxing records of deceased boxers were examined using descriptive statistics, exact binomial test the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test and Fisher's exact tests. As of this study, a total of 38 boxers (23.9 ± 3.3 years of age) reportedly died due to injuries sustained in JBC-sanctioned boxing matches since 1952. Changing weigh-in to the day before the match or prohibiting 6-oz gloves was not significantly associated with the rates of boxing fatalities 5 years and 10 years before and after the rule changes (p > 0.05). Deceased boxers after these rule changes were significantly older, completed significantly more rounds in the final match, and were significantly less likely to lose the previous match (prior to the final match) and to do so by knockouts (p boxing fatalities.

  16. The evidence for chronic traumatic encephalopathy in boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCrory, Paul; Zazryn, Tsharni; Cameron, Peter

    2007-01-01

    The sport of boxing has been the source of much debate, with concerns about the neurological risks of participating having led to many calls to ban the sport. This review seeks to establish an evidence base for the development of boxing-related chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and to determine the relevance of this information to the modern day sport.The clinical features of CTE include various symptoms affecting the pyramidal and extrapyramidal systems, which manifest most often as disturbed gait and coordination, slurred speech and tremors, as well as cerebral dysfunction causing cognitive impairments and neurobehavioural disturbances. Both amateur and professional boxers are potentially at risk of developing CTE. No current epidemiological evidence exists to determine the prevalence of this condition in modern day boxing, despite 17% of professional boxers in Britain with careers in the 1930-50s having clinical evidence of CTE. As medical presence within the sport increases and with modern boxers likely to have shorter careers, a reduced exposure to repetitive head trauma, and improved treatment and understanding of the development of CTE will occur. This should lead to the incidence of CTE diminishing in boxing populations.

  17. Effects of neutron data libraries and criticality codes on IAEA criticality benchmark problems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sarker, Md.M.; Takano, Makoto; Masukawa, Fumihiro; Naito, Yoshitaka

    1993-10-01

    In order to compare the effects of neutron data libraries and criticality codes to thermal reactors (LWR), the IAEA criticality benchmark calculations have been performed. The experiments selected in this study include TRX-1 and TRX-2 with a simple geometric configuration. Reactor lattice calculation codes WIMS-D/4, MCNP-4, JACS (MGCL, KENO), and SRAC were used in the present calculations. The TRX cores were analyzed by WIMS-D/4 using WIMS original library and also by MCNP-4, JACS (MGCL, KENO), and SRAC using the libraries generated from JENDL-3 and ENDF/B-IV nuclear data files. An intercomparison work for the above mentioned code systems and cross section libraries was performed by analyzing the LWR benchmark experiments TRX-1 and TRX-2. The TRX cores were also analyzed for supercritical and subcritical conditions and these results were compared. In the case of critical condition, the results were in good agreement. But for the supercritical and subcritical conditions, the difference of the results obtained by using the different cross section libraries become larger than for the critical condition. (author)

  18. A MULTIWAVELENGTH STUDY ON THE FATE OF IONIZING RADIATION IN LOCAL STARBURSTS

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hanish, D. J.; Oey, M. S.; Rigby, J. R.; Lee, J. C.; De Mello, D. F.

    2010-01-01

    The fate of ionizing radiation is vital for understanding cosmic ionization, energy budgets in the interstellar and intergalactic medium, and star formation rate indicators. The low observed escape fractions of ionizing radiation have not been adequately explained, and there is evidence that some starbursts have high escape fractions. We examine the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of a sample of local star-forming galaxies, containing 13 local starburst galaxies and 10 of their ordinary star-forming counterparts, to determine if there exist significant differences in the fate of ionizing radiation in these galaxies. We find that the galaxy-to-galaxy variations in the SEDs are much larger than any systematic differences between starbursts and non-starbursts. For example, we find no significant differences in the total absorption of ionizing radiation by dust, traced by the 24 μm, 70 μm, and 160 μm MIPS bands of the Spitzer Space Telescope, although the dust in starburst galaxies appears to be hotter than that of non-starburst galaxies. We also observe no excess ultraviolet flux in the Galaxy Evolution Explorer bands that could indicate a high escape fraction of ionizing photons in starburst galaxies. The small Hα fractions of the diffuse, warm ionized medium (WIM) in starburst galaxies are apparently due to temporarily boosted Hα luminosity within the star-forming regions themselves, with an independent, constant WIM luminosity. This independence of the WIM and starburst luminosities contrasts with WIM behavior in non-starburst galaxies and underscores our poor understanding of radiation transfer in both ordinary and starburst galaxies.

  19. Study of slab fuel cell models for reactor core neutronic calculation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Claro, Luiz H.; Ono, Shizuca; Nascimento, Jamil A.; Vieira, Wilson J.; Caldeira, Alexandre D.; Dias, Artur Flavio

    2005-01-01

    In this work some models for a slab cell of a nuclear reactor are studied. Two methodologies are used: the deterministic through WIMS code, and the probabilistic one through MCNP code. The objective is to define the best geometric model for a fuel cell to be applied in a cell calculation to be carried through the WIMS code and to use the MCNP code as reference. The results had indicated that for the one-dimensional model the slab fuel cell with only three regions is the best option with a fuel region, a cladding region and a moderator region. (author)

  20. An outstanding guest

    CERN Multimedia

    2004-01-01

    The person celebrating CERN's 25th anniversary whose photograph we published last week was not just any guest. Readers have pointed out that it was Wim Klein, whose remarkable abilities are part of CERN's history. Well known as one of the best "human calculators", Wim was recruited by CERN in 1957 to verify computer programs, which at the time were still stumbling. Moreover, he regularly beat their speed in calculating and gave breath-taking demonstrations. During one such demonstration in September 1973, he calculated the 19th root of a 133-digit number in less than 2 minutes !

  1. Study on the scattering law and scattering kernel of hydrogen in zirconium hydride

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jiang Xinbiao; Chen Wei; Chen Da; Yin Banghua; Xie Zhongsheng

    1999-01-01

    The nuclear analytical model of calculating scattering law and scattering kernel for the uranium zirconium hybrid reactor is described. In the light of the acoustic and optic model of zirconium hydride, its frequency distribution function f(ω) is given and the scattering law of hydrogen in zirconium hydride is obtained by GASKET. The scattering kernel σ l (E 0 →E) of hydrogen bound in zirconium hydride is provided by the SMP code in the standard WIMS cross section library. Along with this library, WIMS is used to calculate the thermal neutron energy spectrum of fuel cell. The results are satisfied

  2. Monte Carlo applications to core-following of the National Research Universal reactor (NRU)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nguyen, T.S.; Wang, X.; Leung, T.

    2014-01-01

    Reactor code TRIAD, relying on a two-group neutron diffusion model, is currently used for core-following of NRU - to track reactor assembly locations and burnups. The Monte Carlo (MCNP or SERPENT) full-reactor models of NRU can be used to provide the core power distribution for calculating fuel burnups, with WIMS-AECL providing fuel depletion calculations. The MCNP/WIMS core-following results were in good agreement with the measured data, within the expected biases. The Monte Carlo methods, still very time-consuming, need to be able to run faster before they can replace TRIAD for timely support of NRU operations. (author)

  3. Improving truck safety: Potential of weigh-in-motion technology

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bernard Jacob

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Trucks exceeding the legal mass limits increase the risk of traffic accidents and damage to the infrastructure. They also result in unfair competition between transport modes and companies. It is therefore important to ensure truck compliance to weight regulation. New technologies are being developed for more efficient overload screening and enforcement. Weigh-in-Motion (WIM technologies allow trucks to be weighed in the traffic flow, without any disruption to operations. Much progress has been made recently to improve and implement WIM systems, which can contribute to safer and more efficient operation of trucks.

  4. Boxing-acute complications and late sequelae: from concussion to dementia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Förstl, Hans; Haass, Christian; Hemmer, Bernhard; Meyer, Bernhard; Halle, Martin

    2010-11-01

    Boxing has received increased public attention and acceptance in recent years. However, this development has not been accompanied by a critical discussion of the early and late health complications. We selectively review recent studies on the acute, subacute, and chronic neuropsychiatric consequences of boxing. Cerebral concussions ("knock-outs") are the most relevant acute consequence of boxing. The number of reported cases of death in the ring seems to have mildly decreased. Subacute neuropsychological deficits appear to last longer than subjective symptoms. The associated molecular changes demonstrate neuronal and glial injury correlated with the number and severity of blows to the head (altered total tau, beta-amyloid, neurofilament light protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and neuron-specific enolase). The risk of a punch-drunk syndrome (boxer's dementia, dementia pugilistica) as a late effect of chronic traumatic brain injury is associated with the duration of a boxer's career and with his earlier stamina. There are similarities (e.g. increased risk with ApoE4-polymorphism, beta-amyloid pathology) and differences (more tau pathology in boxers) compared with Alzheimer's disease. Protective gear has led to a remarkable reduction of risks in amateur boxing. Similar measures can also be used in professional boxing, but may decrease the thrill, which does appeal to many supporters.

  5. Performance Aspects and Physiological Responses in Male Amateur Boxing Competitions: A Brief Review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Slimani, Maamer; Chaabène, Helmi; Davis, Philip; Franchini, Emerson; Cheour, Foued; Chamari, Karim

    2017-04-01

    Slimani, M, Chaabène, H, Davis, P, Franchini, E, Cheour, F, and Chamari, K. Performance aspects and physiological responses in male amateur boxing competitions: a brief review. J Strength Cond Res 31(4): 1132-1141, 2017-Boxing is one of the most popular striking combat sports in the world. The aim of this review was to present data concerning performance analysis (time-motion and technical-tactical analysis) and physiological responses (i.e., blood lactate concentration [BLC], heart rate, and oxygen consumption) during novice and elite male simulated and official amateur boxing competitions in any age category. The present review shows that boxing competition is a high-intensity intermittent striking combat sport. Typically, the activity-to-rest ratio was higher in elite (18:1) than in novice (9:1) boxers and significant differences were observed between rounds (first round = 16:1, second round = 8:1, and third round = 6:1) in novice boxers. Thus, total stop-time and total stop-frequency increased over subsequent rounds in novice boxers. The technical-tactical aspects in elite and novice boxing bouts were different between rounds and dependent on the match outcome (i.e., winners vs. losers). Particularly, the current review highlights that triple-punch combinations, total combinations, block- and counter-punch combinations, total punches to the head, technical performance effectiveness, and defensive- and offensive-skills effectiveness may have contributed to win in novice and elite boxing competitions. Higher frequencies of technical movements were also observed in elite compared with novice boxers. From a physiological point of view, BLC increased significantly from postround 1 compared with postround 3 in novice boxing match. BLC was also higher in official than in simulated elite boxing matches in senior compared with junior boxers and in medium heavy-weight category compared with light- and medium-weight categories in junior boxing competition. A higher

  6. Effectiveness of vehicle weight enforcement in a developing country using weigh-in-motion sorting system considering vehicle by-pass and enforcement capability

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohamed Rehan Karim

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Vehicle overloading has been identified as one of the major contributors to road pavement damage in Malaysia. In this study, the weigh-in-motion (WIM system has been used to function as a vehicle weight sorting tool to complement the exsiting static weigh bridge enforcement station. Data collected from the developed system is used to explore the effectiveness of using WIM system in terms of generating more accurate data for enforcement purposes and at the same time improving safety and reducing the number of vehicle weight violations on the roads. This study specifically focus on the effect of vehicle by-pass and static weigh station enforcement capability on the overall effectiveness of vehicle weight enforcement system in a developing country. Results from this study suggest that the WIM system will significantly enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the current vehicle weight enforcement, thus generating substantial revenue that would greatly off-set the current road maintenance budget that comes from tax payers money. If there is substantial reduction in overloaded vehicles, the public will still gain through reduction in road maintenance budget, less accident risks involving heavy trucks, and lesser greenhouse gases (GHGs emissions.

  7. Sampling optimization for high-speed weigh-in-motion measurements using in-pavement strain-based sensors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang, Zhiming; Huang, Ying; Bridgelall, Raj; Palek, Leonard; Strommen, Robert

    2015-01-01

    Weigh-in-motion (WIM) measurement has been widely used for weight enforcement, pavement design, freight management, and intelligent transportation systems to monitor traffic in real-time. However, to use such sensors effectively, vehicles must exit the traffic stream and slow down to match their current capabilities. Hence, agencies need devices with higher vehicle passing speed capabilities to enable continuous weight measurements at mainline speeds. The current practices for data acquisition at such high speeds are fragmented. Deployment configurations and settings depend mainly on the experiences of operation engineers. To assure adequate data, most practitioners use very high frequency measurements that result in redundant samples, thereby diminishing the potential for real-time processing. The larger data memory requirements from higher sample rates also increase storage and processing costs. The field lacks a sampling design or standard to guide appropriate data acquisition of high-speed WIM measurements. This study develops the appropriate sample rate requirements as a function of the vehicle speed. Simulations and field experiments validate the methods developed. The results will serve as guidelines for future high-speed WIM measurements using in-pavement strain-based sensors. (paper)

  8. Sampling optimization for high-speed weigh-in-motion measurements using in-pavement strain-based sensors

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Zhiming; Huang, Ying; Bridgelall, Raj; Palek, Leonard; Strommen, Robert

    2015-06-01

    Weigh-in-motion (WIM) measurement has been widely used for weight enforcement, pavement design, freight management, and intelligent transportation systems to monitor traffic in real-time. However, to use such sensors effectively, vehicles must exit the traffic stream and slow down to match their current capabilities. Hence, agencies need devices with higher vehicle passing speed capabilities to enable continuous weight measurements at mainline speeds. The current practices for data acquisition at such high speeds are fragmented. Deployment configurations and settings depend mainly on the experiences of operation engineers. To assure adequate data, most practitioners use very high frequency measurements that result in redundant samples, thereby diminishing the potential for real-time processing. The larger data memory requirements from higher sample rates also increase storage and processing costs. The field lacks a sampling design or standard to guide appropriate data acquisition of high-speed WIM measurements. This study develops the appropriate sample rate requirements as a function of the vehicle speed. Simulations and field experiments validate the methods developed. The results will serve as guidelines for future high-speed WIM measurements using in-pavement strain-based sensors.

  9. Signature movements lead to efficient search for threatening actions.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jeroen J A van Boxtel

    Full Text Available The ability to find and evade fighting persons in a crowd is potentially life-saving. To investigate how the visual system processes threatening actions, we employed a visual search paradigm with threatening boxer targets among emotionally-neutral walker distractors, and vice versa. We found that a boxer popped out for both intact and scrambled actions, whereas walkers did not. A reverse correlation analysis revealed that observers' responses clustered around the time of the "punch", a signature movement of boxing actions, but not around specific movements of the walker. These findings support the existence of a detector for signature movements in action perception. This detector helps in rapidly detecting aggressive behavior in a crowd, potentially through an expedited (subcortical threat-detection mechanism.

  10. Sports Training

    Science.gov (United States)

    1988-01-01

    Practitioners of martial arts have long seen a need for a precise method of measuring the power of a karate kick or a boxer's punch in training and competition. Impax sensor is a piezoelectric film less than one thousandth of an inch thick, yet extremely durable. They give out a voltage impulse when struck, the greater the force of impact, the higher the voltage. The impulse is transmitted to a compact electronics package where voltage is translated into a force-pounds reading shown on a digital display. Impax, manufactured by Impulse Technology, Inc. is used by martial arts instructors, practitioners, U.S. Olympic Committee Training Center, football blocking sleds, and boxers as well as police defensive tactics, providing a means of evaluating the performance of recruits.

  11. CSF-biomarkers in Olympic boxing: diagnosis and effects of repetitive head trauma.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sanna Neselius

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Sports-related head trauma is common but still there is no established laboratory test used in the diagnostics of minimal or mild traumatic brain injuries. Further the effects of recurrent head trauma on brain injury markers are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Olympic (amateur boxing and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF brain injury biomarkers. METHODS: The study was designed as a prospective cohort study. Thirty Olympic boxers with a minimum of 45 bouts and 25 non-boxing matched controls were included in the study. CSF samples were collected by lumbar puncture 1-6 days after a bout and after a rest period for at least 14 days. The controls were tested once. Biomarkers for acute and chronic brain injury were analysed. RESULTS: NFL (mean ± SD, 532±553 vs 135±51 ng/L p = 0.001, GFAP (496±238 vs 247±147 ng/L p80% of the boxers demonstrate that both the acute and the cumulative effect of head trauma in Olympic boxing may induce CSF biomarker changes that suggest minor central nervous injuries. The lack of normalization of NFL and GFAP after the rest period in a subgroup of boxers may indicate ongoing degeneration. The recurrent head trauma in boxing may be associated with increased risk of chronic traumatic brain injury.

  12. Amateur boxing: activity profile of winners and losers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Davis, Philip; Wittekind, Anna; Beneke, Ralph

    2013-01-01

    An activity profile of competitive 3 × 2-min novice-level amateur boxing was created based on video footage and postbout blood [La] in 32 male boxers (mean ± SD) age 19.3 ± 1.4 y, body mass 62.6 ± 4.1 kg. Winners landed 18 ± 11 more punches than losers by applying more lead-hand punches in round 1 (34.2 ± 10.9 vs 26.5 ± 9.4), total punches to the head (121.3 ± 10.2 vs 96.0 ± 9.8), and block and counterpunch combinations (2.8 ± 1.1 vs. 0.1 ± 0.2) over all 3 rounds and punching combinations (44.3 ± 6.4 vs 28.8 ± 6.7) in rounds 1 and 3 (all P < .05). In 16 boxers, peak postbout blood [La] was 11.8 ± 1.6 mmol/L irrespective of winning or losing. The results suggest that landing punches requires the ability to maintain a high frequency of attacking movements, in particular the lead-hand straight punch to the head together with punching combinations. Defensive movements must initiate a counterattack. Postbout blood [La] suggests that boxers must be able to tolerate a lactate production rate of 1.8 mmol · L-1 · min-1 and maintain skillful techniques at a sufficient activity rate.

  13. Application of WIMSD-4 for ''MARIA'' reactor lattice calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Andrzejewski, K.; Kulikowska, T.

    1993-12-01

    A general description of the WIMSD-4 lattice code is given with the emphasis on available geometrical models. The difficulties encountered while modelling reactor lattices with the tubular type fuel elements are explained. Then the analysis of code options allowing to overcome these difficulties is carried out. Eventually, recommendations of options and input parameters for calculations of MARIA reactor lattice with satisfactory accuracy are given. During the work a set of modifications had to be introduced leading to a new code version called WIMS-S. Another version, under the name WIMS-T has been developed to allow for burnup calculations of the MARIA reactor lattice with improved resonance approach. (author). 14 refs, 6 figs, 10 tabs

  14. Regional overpower protection system analysis for a DUPIC fuel CANDU core

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jeong, Chang Joon; Choi, Hang Bok; Park, Jee Won

    2003-06-01

    The regional overpower protection (ROP) system was assessed a CANDU 6 reactor with the DUPIC fuel, including the validation of the WIMS/RFSP/ROVER-F code system used for the estimation of ROP trip setpoint. The validation calculation has shown that it is valid to use the WIMS/RFSP/ROVER-F code system for ROP system analysis of the CANDU 6 core. For the DUPIC core, the ROP trip setpoint was estimated to be 125.7%, which is almost the same as that of the standard natural uranium core. This study has shown that the DUPIC fuel does not hurt the current ROP trip setpoint designed for the natural uranium CANDU 6 reactor

  15. The square boundary version of the WIMSE module W-PIJ

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Halsall, M.J.

    1988-08-01

    W-PIJ is one component of the modular reactor physics code scheme known as WIMS-E. Its purpose is to read cross section data from a WIMS-E interface, a two dimensional cluster geometry from user input, and to calculate the associated region to region first flight neutron collision probabilities. These it writes back to the interface as data for a solution module which can calculate fluxes. Recent modifications to the code have provided better data checking facilities including a lineprinter geometry plotting option, and the option of an explicit square outer boundary. This report briefly describes the modifications that have been made to the code and includes a complete user guide to all options, old and new. (author)

  16. African Journal for Physical Activity and Health Sciences - Vol 12 ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Motor proficiency programmes for children with learning disabilities · EMAIL FULL ... Legal obligation of educators toward learners in sport · EMAIL FULL TEXT ... Anthropometric and physical performance variables of Indian women boxers ...

  17. Thermal reactor benchmark testing of 69 group library

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Guisheng; Wang Yaoqing; Liu Ping; Zhang Baocheng

    1994-01-01

    Using a code system NSLINK, AMPX master library in WIMS 69 groups structure are made from nuclides relating to 4 newest evaluated nuclear data libraries. Some integrals of 10 thermal reactor benchmark assemblies recommended by the U.S. CSEWG are calculated using rectified PASC-1 code system and compared with foreign results, the authors results are in good agreement with others. 69 group libraries of evaluated data bases in TPFAP interface file are generated with NJOY code system. The k ∞ values of 6 cell lattice assemblies are calculated by the code CBM. The calculated results are analysed and compared

  18. HTR core physics and transient analyses by the Panthermix code system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Haas, J.B.M. de; Kuijper, J.C.; Oppe, J.

    2005-01-01

    At NRG Petten, core physics analyses on High Temperature gas-cooled Reactors (HTRs) are mainly performed by means of the PANTHERMIX code system. Since some years NRG is developing the HTR reactor physics code system WIMS/PANTHERMIX, based on the lattice code WIMS (Serco Assurance, UK), the 3-dimensional steady-state and transient core physics code PANTHER (British Energy, UK) and the 2-dimensional R-Z HTR thermal hydraulics code THERMIX-DIREKT (Research Centre FZJ Juelich, Germany). By means of the WIMS code nuclear data are being generated to suit the PANTHER code's neutronics. At NRG the PANTHER code has been interfaced with THERMIX-DIREKT to form PANTHERMIX, to enable core-follow/fuel management and transient analyses in a consistent manner on pebble bed type HTR systems. Also provisions have been made to simulate the flow of pebbles through the core of a pebble bed HTR, according to a given (R-Z) flow pattern. As examples of the versatility of the PANTHERMIX code system, calculations are presented on the PBMR, the South African pebble bed reactor design, to show the transient capabilities, and on a plutonium burning MEDUL-reactor, to demonstrate the core-follow/fuel management capabilities. For the investigated cases a good agreement is observed with the results of other HTR core physics codes

  19. Ear Injury

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... of different injuries can affect the outer ear. Cauliflower ear (subperichondrial hematoma) A blunt blow to the ... to a deformed ear. This deformity, called a cauliflower ear, is common among wrestlers, boxers, and rugby ...

  20. The differential option in LWR-WIMS

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Halsall, M.J.

    1979-04-01

    In an LWRWIMS calculation of a fuel assembly, the user normally designates several fuel pins as being of the same type. If these pins are physically identical, and similarly situated with respect to poisons and water gaps this seems a reasonable thing to do. However, unless the pins so designated are symmetrically placed within the assembly they will in practice burn up at different rates so that at any given irradiation they will have different isotopic compositions and macroscopic cross sections. The simple option in LWRWIMS assumes that all pins designated to be of a certain type deplete at an appropriate average rate and therefore have equal cross sections at all irradiations. The original differential option which attempted to compensate for this approximation has been shown to have serious defects and a new method has been developed to replace it. The new differential option in LWRWIMS, in which each pin is depleted independently at a rate determined by the local flux and spectrum, is a significant improvement on the old method. It is conceptually simpler and therefore less prone to failure, it is particularly suited to calculating isotopic spatial distributions and it costs no more in computing time. (U.K.)

  1. Waste Information Management System-2012 - 12114

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Upadhyay, H.; Quintero, W.; Shoffner, P.; Lagos, L.; Roelant, D. [Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, Suite 2100, Miami, FL 33174 (United States)

    2012-07-01

    The Waste Information Management System (WIMS) -2012 was updated to support the Department of Energy (DOE) accelerated cleanup program. The schedule compression required close coordination and a comprehensive review and prioritization of the barriers that impeded treatment and disposition of the waste streams at each site. Many issues related to waste treatment and disposal were potential critical path issues under the accelerated schedule. In order to facilitate accelerated cleanup initiatives, waste managers at DOE field sites and at DOE Headquarters in Washington, D.C., needed timely waste forecast and transportation information regarding the volumes and types of radioactive waste that would be generated by DOE sites over the next 40 years. Each local DOE site historically collected, organized, and displayed waste forecast information in separate and unique systems. In order for interested parties to understand and view the complete DOE complex-wide picture, the radioactive waste and shipment information of each DOE site needed to be entered into a common application. The WIMS application was therefore created to serve as a common application to improve stakeholder comprehension and improve DOE radioactive waste treatment and disposal planning and scheduling. WIMS allows identification of total forecasted waste volumes, material classes, disposition sites, choke points, technological or regulatory barriers to treatment and disposal, along with forecasted waste transportation information by rail, truck and inter-modal shipments. The Applied Research Center (ARC) at Florida International University (FIU) in Miami, Florida, developed and deployed the web-based forecast and transportation system and is responsible for updating the radioactive waste forecast and transportation data on a regular basis to ensure the long-term viability and value of this system. WIMS continues to successfully accomplish the goals and objectives set forth by DOE for this project. It has

  2. Evaluation of the DRAGON code for VHTR design analysis.

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Taiwo, T. A.; Kim, T. K.; Nuclear Engineering Division

    2006-01-12

    This letter report summarizes three activities that were undertaken in FY 2005 to gather information on the DRAGON code and to perform limited evaluations of the code performance when used in the analysis of the Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) designs. These activities include: (1) Use of the code to model the fuel elements of the helium-cooled and liquid-salt-cooled VHTR designs. Results were compared to those from another deterministic lattice code (WIMS8) and a Monte Carlo code (MCNP). (2) The preliminary assessment of the nuclear data library currently used with the code and libraries that have been provided by the IAEA WIMS-D4 Library Update Project (WLUP). (3) DRAGON workshop held to discuss the code capabilities for modeling the VHTR.

  3. Evaluation of the DRAGON code for VHTR design analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Taiwo, T. A.; Kim, T. K.; Nuclear Engineering Division

    2006-01-01

    This letter report summarizes three activities that were undertaken in FY 2005 to gather information on the DRAGON code and to perform limited evaluations of the code performance when used in the analysis of the Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) designs. These activities include: (1) Use of the code to model the fuel elements of the helium-cooled and liquid-salt-cooled VHTR designs. Results were compared to those from another deterministic lattice code (WIMS8) and a Monte Carlo code (MCNP). (2) The preliminary assessment of the nuclear data library currently used with the code and libraries that have been provided by the IAEA WIMS-D4 Library Update Project (WLUP). (3) DRAGON workshop held to discuss the code capabilities for modeling the VHTR

  4. Weigh-in-Motion Stations

    Data.gov (United States)

    Department of Homeland Security — The data included in the GIS Traffic Stations Version database have been assimilated from station description files provided by FHWA for Weigh-in-Motion (WIM), and...

  5. Automatic Traffic Recorder (ATR) Stations

    Data.gov (United States)

    Department of Homeland Security — The data included in the GIS Traffic Stations Version database have been assimilated from station description files provided by FHWA for Weigh-in-Motion (WIM), and...

  6. Hand and Wrist Injuries in Elite Boxing: A Longitudinal Prospective Study (2005-2012) of the Great Britain Olympic Boxing Squad.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Loosemore, Michael; Lightfoot, Joseph; Gatt, Ian; Hayton, Mike; Beardsley, Chris

    2017-03-01

    Background: The purpose of this investigation was to explore prospectively the nature and duration of hand and wrist injuries in training and competition in the Great Britain (GB) amateur boxing squad between 2005 and 2012. Methods: Longitudinal prospective injury surveillance of the GB boxing squad was performed from 2005 to 2012. The location, region affected, description, and the duration of each injury were recorded by the team doctor and team physiotherapist. We recorded whether the injury occurred during competition or training and also whether it was a new or a recurrent injury. The injury rate during competition was calculated as the number of injuries per 1000 hours. Results: Finger carpometacarpal instability and finger metacarpophalangeal joint extensor hood and capsule sprain also known as "boxer's knuckle" injuries were significantly more common than other injury diagnoses. The number of injuries during training or competition was similar, which is remarkable given the far greater number of training hours than competition hours performed. Injury rate for hand and wrist injuries in competition was 347 injuries per 1000 hours, while the estimated injury rate in training was <0.5 injuries per 1000 hours. Conclusion: Carpometacarpal instability and boxer's knuckle were more common than any other kind of hand and wrist injury in this cohort of elite amateur boxers. The rate of hand and wrist injuries was higher in competition than in training. Our study highlights the importance of hand and wrist injury prevention in the competition environment.

  7. Boxing injury epidemiology in the Great Britain team: a 5-year surveillance study of medically diagnosed injury incidence and outcome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Loosemore, Michael; Lightfoot, Joseph; Palmer-Green, Deborah; Gatt, Ian; Bilzon, James; Beardsley, Chris

    2015-09-01

    There has been no comprehensive injury report of elite-level amateur boxers in competition and training. We reviewed injuries in training and competition in the Great Britain (GB) amateur boxing squad between 2005 and 2009. Longitudinal, prospective injury surveillance over 5 years of the GB boxing squad from 2005 to 2009. 66 boxers passed through the squad. The location, region affected, description, and the duration of each injury were recorded by the team doctor and team physiotherapist. We recorded whether the injury occurred during competition or training, and also whether it was a new or a recurrent injury. The injury rate during competition was calculated as the number of injuries per 1000 h. More injuries affected the hand than any other body location. This was the case overall, in training and competition individually, and for both new and recurrent injuries. More injuries occurred during training than during competition, and most injuries were new rather than recurrent. Total injury rate during competition was 828 per 1000 h and hand injury rate in competition was 302 injuries per 1000 h. Hand injury rate in competition was significantly higher than at the other locations. The incidence of concussion is comparatively low. Injury prevention should aim to protect the hands and wrists of elite amateur boxers. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

  8. HTR core physics and transient analyses by the Panthermix code system

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Haas, J.B.M. de; Kuijper, J.C.; Oppe, J. [NRG - Fuels, Actinides and Isotopes group, Petten (Netherlands)

    2005-07-01

    At NRG Petten, core physics analyses on High Temperature gas-cooled Reactors (HTRs) are mainly performed by means of the PANTHERMIX code system. Since some years NRG is developing the HTR reactor physics code system WIMS/PANTHERMIX, based on the lattice code WIMS (Serco Assurance, UK), the 3-dimensional steady-state and transient core physics code PANTHER (British Energy, UK) and the 2-dimensional R-Z HTR thermal hydraulics code THERMIX-DIREKT (Research Centre FZJ Juelich, Germany). By means of the WIMS code nuclear data are being generated to suit the PANTHER code's neutronics. At NRG the PANTHER code has been interfaced with THERMIX-DIREKT to form PANTHERMIX, to enable core-follow/fuel management and transient analyses in a consistent manner on pebble bed type HTR systems. Also provisions have been made to simulate the flow of pebbles through the core of a pebble bed HTR, according to a given (R-Z) flow pattern. As examples of the versatility of the PANTHERMIX code system, calculations are presented on the PBMR, the South African pebble bed reactor design, to show the transient capabilities, and on a plutonium burning MEDUL-reactor, to demonstrate the core-follow/fuel management capabilities. For the investigated cases a good agreement is observed with the results of other HTR core physics codes.

  9. Sakslaste stiliseeritud hullus / Erkki Luuk

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Luuk, Erkki, 1971-

    2004-01-01

    PÖFFi Suvekino prorgramm "Oberhauseni lapsed" saksa 1960-1970. aastate uuenduslikest mängufilmidest : Alexander Kluge "Artistid tsirkusekupli all : lootusetus", Rainer Werner Fassbinderi "13 kuud aastas", Wim Wendersi "Valeliigutus" ja "Ameerika sõber"

  10. Teel tagasi laste juurde / Jaak Lõhmus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lõhmus, Jaak

    2005-01-01

    Cannes'i 58. filmifestivalilt : Jean-Pierre ja Luc Dardenne'i "Laps" ("L'Enfant"), Jim Jarmuschi "Murtud lilled" ("Broken Flowers"), Wim Wendersi "Ära tule koputama" ("Don't Come Knocking"), Michael Haneke "Varjatud" ("Cache")

  11. Use of the 'DRAGON' program for the calculation of reactivity devices; Utilizacion del programa DRAGON para el calculo de mecanismos de reactividad

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mollerach, Ricardo; Fink, Jose [Nucleoelectrica Argentina SA (NASA), Buenos Aires (Argentina)

    2003-07-01

    DRAGON is a computer program developed at the Ecole Polytechnique of the University of Montreal and adopted by AECL for the transport calculations associated to reactivity devices. This report presents aspects of the implementation in NASA of the DRAGON program. Some cases of interest were evaluated. Comparisons with results of known programs as WIMS D5, and with experiments were done. a) Embalse (CANDU 6) cell without burnup and leakage. Calculations of macroscopic cross sections with WIMS and DRAGON show very good agreement with smaller differences in the thermal constants. b) Embalse fresh cell with different leakage options. c) Embalse cell with leakage and burnup. A comparison of k-infinity and k-effective with WIMS and DRAGON as a function of burnup shows that the differences ((D-W)/D) for fresh fuel are -0.17% roughly constant up to about 2500 MWd/tU, and then decrease to -0.06 % for 8500 MWd/tU. Experiments made in 1977 in ZED-2 critical facility, reported in [3], were used as a benchmark for the cell and supercell DRAGON calculations. Calculated fluxes were compared with experimental values and the agreement is so good. d) ZED-2 cell calculation. The measured buckling was used as geometric buckling. This case can be considered an experimental verification. The calculated reactivity with DRAGON is about 2 mk, and can be considered satisfactory. WIMS k-effective value is about one mk higher. e) Supercell calculations for ZED-2 vertical and horizontal tube and rod adjuster using 2D and 3D models were done. Comparisons between measured and calculated fluxes in the vicinity of the adjuster rods. Incremental cross sections for these adjusters were calculated using different options. f) ZED-2 reactor calculations with PUMA reveal a good concordance with critical heights measured in experiments. The report describes also particular features of the code and recommendations regarding its use that may be useful for new users. (author)

  12. Use of the 'DRAGON' program for the calculation of reactivity devices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mollerach, Ricardo; Fink, Jose

    2003-01-01

    DRAGON is a computer program developed at the Ecole Polytechnique of the University of Montreal and adopted by AECL for the transport calculations associated to reactivity devices. This report presents aspects of the implementation in NASA of the DRAGON program. Some cases of interest were evaluated. Comparisons with results of known programs as WIMS D5, and with experiments were done. a) Embalse (CANDU 6) cell without burnup and leakage. Calculations of macroscopic cross sections with WIMS and DRAGON show very good agreement with smaller differences in the thermal constants. b) Embalse fresh cell with different leakage options. c) Embalse cell with leakage and burnup. A comparison of k-infinity and k-effective with WIMS and DRAGON as a function of burnup shows that the differences ((D-W)/D) for fresh fuel are -0.17% roughly constant up to about 2500 MWd/tU, and then decrease to -0.06 % for 8500 MWd/tU. Experiments made in 1977 in ZED-2 critical facility, reported in [3], were used as a benchmark for the cell and supercell DRAGON calculations. Calculated fluxes were compared with experimental values and the agreement is so good. d) ZED-2 cell calculation. The measured buckling was used as geometric buckling. This case can be considered an experimental verification. The calculated reactivity with DRAGON is about 2 mk, and can be considered satisfactory. WIMS k-effective value is about one mk higher. e) Supercell calculations for ZED-2 vertical and horizontal tube and rod adjuster using 2D and 3D models were done. Comparisons between measured and calculated fluxes in the vicinity of the adjuster rods. Incremental cross sections for these adjusters were calculated using different options. f) ZED-2 reactor calculations with PUMA reveal a good concordance with critical heights measured in experiments. The report describes also particular features of the code and recommendations regarding its use that may be useful for new users. (author)

  13. Fuel specific consumption and emission analysis in a cycle diesel ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Acer

    2012-10-04

    ICE) to produce electrical energy. The used motor .... steady rotation rate and they have observed that the ... was run by the ASSISTAT “free software”. ..... Specification for Highway Weighin-Motion (WIM) Systems with User.

  14. Modification to ORIGEN2 for generating N Reactor source terms. Volume 1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schwarz, R.A.

    1997-04-01

    This report discusses work that has been done to upgrade the ORIGEN2 code cross sections to be compatible with the WIMS computer code data. Because of the changes in the ORIGEN2 calculations. Details on changes made to the ORIGEN2 computer code and the Radnuc code will be discussed along with additional work that should be done in the future to upgrade both ORIGEN2 and Radnuc. A detailed historical description of how source terms have been generated for N Reactor fuel stored in the K Basins has been generated. The neutron source discussed in this description was generated by the WIMS computer code (Gubbins et al. 1982) because of known shortcomings in the ORIGEN2 (Croff 1980) cross sections. Another document includes a discussion of the ORIGEN2 cross sections

  15. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Perspective of coaches on LTAD of elite judo athletes: A comparative analysis · EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. Petrus L. Nolte, Cora Burnett, Wim Hollander, 219-228 ...

  16. WW - ajakirjanik, publitsist / Linnar Priimägi

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Priimägi, Linnar, 1954-

    1998-01-01

    Wim Wendersi dokumentaalfilmist "Ülestähendustest riiete ja linnade kohta" ("Aufzeichnungen zu Kleidern und Städten") : Saksamaa 1989. Selles filmis intervjueerib ja portreteerib režissöör jaapani moeloojat Yohji Yamamotot

  17. Nuclear Data in Argentina (1992 -1993)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ricabarra, G. H.

    1993-03-01

    A progress report of nuclear data research in Argentina is given for the years 1992/1993, including the WIMS nuclear data library update project, and measurements and evaluations of selected neutron induced nuclear reactions. (author)

  18. Integrative assessment of kick boxers’ brain blood circulation and bio-electrical activity in conditions of correction technologies’ application

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Y.N. Romanov

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Purpose: to scientifically substantiate the role of para-vertebral impacts on blood circulation and bio-electrical activity of kick boxers’ cortex. Material: in the research participated kick boxers (main group, n=62 and university students (control group, n=25 of 18-23 years’ age. Assessment of para-vertebral impacts with device Armos and classic massage was fulfilled with the help of the following methodic: trans-cranial dopplerography of head main arteries and cortex EEG of the tested. Results: it was found that with the help of para-vertebral impacts by device Armos linear velocity of cerebral blood flow reduces to normal limits and in- and inter-hemispheres’ interaction strength increases. Conclusions: para-vertebral impacts by device Armos activate integrative processes and inter-hemispheres’ interactions of different cortex areas of kick boxers. It can witness about better formation of functional systems, ensuring sports efficiency.

  19. WIMSD5, Deterministic Multigroup Reactor Lattice Calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2004-01-01

    1 - Description of program or function: The Winfrith improved multigroup scheme (WIMS) is a general code for reactor lattice cell calculation on a wide range of reactor systems. In particular, the code will accept rod or plate fuel geometries in either regular arrays or in clusters and the energy group structure has been chosen primarily for thermal calculations. The basic library has been compiled with 14 fast groups, 13 resonance groups and 42 thermal groups, but the user is offered the choice of accurate solutions in many groups or rapid calculations in few groups. Temperature dependent thermal scattering matrices for a variety of scattering laws are included in the library for the principal moderators which include hydrogen, deuterium, graphite, beryllium and oxygen. WIMSD5 is a successor version of WIMS-D/4. 2 - Method of solution: The treatment of resonances is based on the use of equivalence theorems with a library of accurately evaluated resonance integrals for equivalent homogeneous systems at a variety of temperatures. The collision theory procedure gives accurate spectrum computations in the 69 groups of the library for the principal regions of the lattice using a simplified geometric representation of complicated lattice cells. The computed spectra are then used for the condensation of cross-sections to the number of groups selected for solution of the transport equation in detailed geometry. Solution of the transport equation is provided either by use of the Carlson DSN method or by collision probability methods. Leakage calculations including an allowance for streaming asymmetries may be made using either diffusion theory or the more elaborate B1-method. The output of the code provides Eigenvalues for the cases where a simple buckling mode is applicable or cell-averaged parameters for use in overall reactor calculations. Various reaction rate edits are provided for direct comparison with experimental measurements. 3 - Restrictions on the complexity of

  20. Portable bench tester for piezo weigh-in-motion equipment : final report, June 2006.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2006-06-01

    The Ohio Department of Transportation's (ODOT) piezo weigh-in-motion (WIM) equipment must be tested for initial working operation and to insure continued correct operation. Currently, the only available method to verify the vehicle classification par...

  1. Installation and evaluation of weigh-in-motion utilizing quartz-piezo sensor technology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-06-28

    The objective of the research study was: to install a quartz-piezo based WIM system, and to : determine sensor survivability, accuracy and reliability under actual traffic conditions in : Connecticuts environment. If the systems prove dependable a...

  2. Second Interim Report on the Installation and Evaluation of Weigh-In-Motion Utilizing Quartz-Piezo Sensor Technology

    Science.gov (United States)

    1999-11-01

    The objective of this study is to determine the sensor survivability, accuracy and reliability of quartz-piezoelectric weigh-in-motion (WIM) sensors under actual traffic conditions in Connecticut's environment. This second interim report provides a s...

  3. Portable bench tester for piezo weigh-in-motion equipment : executive summary report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2006-06-01

    The Ohio Department of Transportation's (ODOT) piezo weigh-in-motion (WIM) equipment must be tested for initial working operation and to insure continued correct operation. Currently, the only available method to verify the vehicle classification par...

  4. Female boxing in Italy: 2002-2007 report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianco, Massimiliano; Massimiliano, Bianco; Sanna, Nicola; Nicola, Sanna; Bucari, Sante; Sante, Bucari; Fabiano, Carmela; Carmela, Fabiano; Palmieri, Vincenzo; Palmieri, V; Zeppilli, Paolo; Paolo, Zeppilli

    2011-06-01

    To collect medical data on women's boxing. Cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Medical examinations requested by Italian laws. A retrospective study was conducted on all female boxing competitions in Italy from April 2001 to December 2007. Sixty-one amateur female boxers were evaluated longitudinally. (1) Retrospective study: All pre-/postmatch medical reports were analysed. (2) Prospective study: Breast, gynaecologic, brain, eyes, ear, nose and throat examinations were carried out. (1) Retrospective study: Any injury assessed before/after the match. (2) Prospective study: Health problems which could be related to boxing activity. (1) Retrospective study: Data from 5600 examinations were collected. Precompetition, a medical problem was recorded in three athletes (one conjunctiva hyperemia, one zygomatic bruise, one eyelid haematoma). Post competition, 51/2800 medical checks showed mild common injuries, such as soft tissue facial lesions, epistaxis and hand-wrist problems. Only one concussion was recorded with hospitalisation (for a thorough evaluation). Another athlete was hospitalised for a nasal fracture. (2) Prospective study: Two fibroadenomas, three ovarian cysts and one intramural uterine myoma were diagnosed. In four boxers, non-specific electroencephalographic abnormalities were detected, however, with a normal brain MRI in three (the fourth is still waiting for the radiologic procedure). Nasal septum deviation was common (42.6%) and a transmissive hypoacusia was observed in two athletes. No major eye injuries were reported. Female boxing seems to be a safe sport with a very low incidence of events requiring hospitalisation. No specific diseases in female boxers could be observed, in particular regarding the breast and reproductive system.

  5. Acute subdural hematoma because of boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kushi, Hidehiko; Saito, Takeshi; Sakagami, Yuichiro; Ohtsuki, Jyoji; Tanjoh, Katsuhisa

    2009-02-01

    To identify factors determining the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) arising from boxing injuries by comparing with ASDH due to any nonboxing cause. Two groups were selected for this study: 10 patients with ASDH because of boxing injuries and 26 patients with nonboxer ASDH. All of the patients underwent neurologic examination by neurosurgeons. Primary resuscitation and stabilization as well as operative therapy were performed to all patients according to the European Brain Injury Consortium Guidelines. Two groups were compared in terms of age, the Glasgow Coma Scale at admission, neurologic findings, craniogram and brain computed tomography scan findings, operative findings, and prognosis. As potential prognostic indicators for boxers, the time interval until surgery, the Glasgow Outcome Scale, hematoma thickness, midline shift, and the site of bleeding were analyzed. The characteristics of patients because of boxing injuries are that patients were younger, had lucid interval, and had no cerebral contusion or contralateral brain injury. There was no significant difference in initial Glasgow Coma Scale, hematoma thickness, midline shift, and their prognosis. The most peculiar clinical presentation of boxers' ASDH was that all bleedings were limited from "bridging veins" or "cortical veins." The prognosis of boxers was most closely correlated with the site of bleeding (r2 = 0.81; p = 0.0001) and the midline shift (r2 = 0.67; p = 0.007). Our study shows that ASDH because of boxing is characterized by bleeding from bridging or cortical veins, and that the site of bleeding is a significant determinant of their prognosis.

  6. Film Premiere: Arrows of time at exploratorium

    CERN Multimedia

    2007-01-01

    "Join award-wimming artist and filmmaker Ken McMullen for a uniqude presentation of films engaging ideas at the forefront of science and culture on Sunday, Apri 29 at 2pm at the Exploratorium." (1/3 page)

  7. Eestlased kaotasid Telekomi aktsiatega kaks ja pool miljardit / Erkki Erilaid

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Erilaid, Erkki

    2001-01-01

    Eesti Telekomi aktsia püstitas uue odavusrekordi, kukkudes päevaga 6,35% 44,25 kroonini. Diagramm: Eesti Telekom taas rekordmadal. Vt. samas: Kangus, Aivo. Rasked valikud. Arvamust avaldavad: Wim Duisenberg, Siim Kallas ja Horst Koehler

  8. 75 FR 77884 - Government-Owned Inventions; Availability for Licensing

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-12-14

    ... developments for various cancers. Diagnostic assays for various cancers. Regulation of embryonic stem cell... embryonic stem cells and/or cancer cells. Inventors: Matthew Boxer (NHGRI-NCGC); Min Shen (NHGRI-NCGC); Doug... of federally-funded research and development. Foreign patent applications are filed on selected...

  9. Boxing sparring complicated by an acute subdural haematoma and brainstem haemorrhage.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hart, Michael G; Trivedi, Rikin A; Hutchinson, Peter J

    2012-10-01

    A professional boxer developed an acute subdural haematoma after boxing sparring. Despite timely surgical decompression, he had a poor overall outcome predominantly from a delayed brainstem haematoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to elucidate the pathophysiology of the patients' injury and clinical condition.

  10. Use of deterministic methods in survey calculations for criticality problems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hutton, J.L.; Phenix, J.; Course, A.F.

    1991-01-01

    A code package using deterministic methods for solving the Boltzmann Transport equation is the WIMS suite. This has been very successful for a range of situations. In particular it has been used with great success to analyse trends in reactivity with a range of changes in state. The WIMS suite of codes have a range of methods and are very flexible in the way they can be combined. A wide variety of situations can be modelled ranging through all the current Thermal Reactor variants to storage systems and items of chemical plant. These methods have recently been enhanced by the introduction of the CACTUS method. This is based on a characteristics technique for solving the Transport equation and has the advantage that complex geometrical situations can be treated. In this paper the basis of the method is outlined and examples of its use are illustrated. In parallel with these developments the validation for out of pile situations has been extended to include experiments with relevance to criticality situations. The paper will summarise this evidence and show how these results point to a partial re-adoption of deterministic methods for some areas of criticality. The paper also presents results to illustrate the use of WIMS in criticality situations and in particular show how it can complement codes such as MONK when used for surveying the reactivity effect due to changes in geometry or materials. (Author)

  11. Making the weight: a case study from professional boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Morton, James P; Robertson, Colin; Sutton, Laura; MacLaren, Don P M

    2010-02-01

    Professional boxing is a combat sport categorized into a series of weight classes. Given the sport's underpinning culture, boxers' typical approach to "making weight" is usually via severe acute and/or chronic energy restriction and dehydration. Such practices have implications for physical performance and also carry health risks. This article provides a case-study account outlining a more structured and gradual approach to helping a professional male boxer make weight for the 59-kg superfeatherweight division. Over a 12-week period, the client athlete adhered to a daily diet approximately equivalent to his resting metabolic rate (6-7 MJ; 40% carbohydrate, 38% protein, 22% fat). Average body-mass loss was 0.9 + or - 0.4 kg/wk, equating to a total loss of 9.4 kg. This weight loss resulted in a decrease in percent body fat from 12.1% to 7.0%. In the 30 hr between weigh-in and competition, the client consumed a high-carbohydrate diet (12 g/kg body mass) supported by appropriate hydration strategies and subsequently entered the ring at a fighting weight of 63.2 kg. This nutritional strategy represented a major change in the client's habitual weight-making practices and did not rely on any form of intended dehydration during the training period or before weighing in. The intervention demonstrates that a more gradual approach to making weight in professional boxing can be successfully achieved via a combination of restricted energy intake and increased energy expenditure, providing there is willingness on the part of the athlete and coaches involved to adopt novel practices.

  12. Paris, Texas. Saksamaal ja sinu peas / Kairi Prints

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Prints, Kairi

    2010-01-01

    6.- 12. oktoobrini Tallinnas ja Tartus toimuval filmifestivalil "Uus Saksa Kino" saab vaadata Wim Wendersi muusikadokumentaale. "Film ja filosoofia" rubriigis koha- ja rahvusespetsiifika eksistentsist tänapäeva filmikunstis ja W. Wendersi filmist "Paris, Texas" (USA 1984)

  13. Weigh-in-Motion Sensor and Controller Operation and Performance Comparison

    Science.gov (United States)

    2018-01-01

    This research project utilized statistical inference and comparison techniques to compare the performance of different Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) sensors. First, we analyzed test-vehicle data to perform an accuracy check of the results reported by the sen...

  14. Burn-up dependent steady-state thermal hydraulic analysis of Pakistan research reactor-1

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Muhammad Atta

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available The burn-up dependent steady-state thermal hydraulic analysis of Pakistan research reactor-1, reference operating core, has been carried out utilizing standard computer codes WIMS/D4, CITATION, and RELAP5/MOD3.4. Reactor codes WIMS/D4 and CITATION have been used for the calculations of neutronic parameters including peaking factors and power profiles at different burn-up considering a xenon free core and also the equilibrium xenon values. RELAP5/MOD3.4 code was utilized for the determination of peak fuel centerline, clad and coolant temperatures to ensure the safety of the reactor throughout the cycle. The calculations reveal that the reactor is safe and no nucleate boiling will commence at any part of the core throughout the cycle and that the safety margin increases with burnup as peaking factors decrease.

  15. Preventing Cauliflower Ear with a Modified Tie-Through Technique.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dimeff, Robert J.; Hough, David O.

    1989-01-01

    Describes a quick, simple tie-through suture technique (in which a collodion packing is secured to the auricle with two buttons) for preventing cauliflower ear following external ear trauma in wrestlers and boxers. The technique ensures constant compression; multiple treatments for fluid reaccumulation are rarely necessary. (SM)

  16. The pain of ethnographic action: skinning to go between the ropes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariano Urraco Solanilla

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available In this article I try to make a methodological reflection on the importance to develop a practical knowledge ("embodiment" in the fieldwork of sociologists, anthropologists and other researchers of social reality. This reflection is connected with different approaches that insist on the body's value as object and subject of knowledge. To do this, I put various authors and theoretical approaches in touch, using as excuse the Wacquant's work ("Body and Soul: Ethnographic Notebooks of An Apprentice-Boxer", which seems to have passed, at the moment, unnoticed for spanish-speaking academicians, despite the wealth of its efforts both in the methodological level as in the more purely 'ethnographic'. In the incursion into the world of sport as a privileged arena for carrying out this type of analysis, I will focus on the notions of time, sacrifice and discipline, applicable both boxers as any other type of athlete (and obviously also to the researchers.

  17. Histologic characterization of canine dilated cardiomyopathy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tidholm, A; Jönsson, L

    2005-01-01

    Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by chamber dilatation and myocardial systolic and diastolic dysfunction, is one of the most common heart diseases in dogs. The clinical diagnosis is based on findings on echocardiographic and Doppler examinations, with the active exclusion of other acquired or congenital heart diseases. However, the echocardiographic criteria for the diagnosis of DCM are not wholly specific for the disease, and histologic examination may be necessary for final diagnosis. Review of reports on histologic findings in dogs with clinically diagnosed DCM reveals two histologically distinct forms of DCM: 1) cardiomyopathy of Boxers and Doberman Pinschers, corresponding to the "fatty infiltration-degenerative" type and 2) the form seen in many giant, large-, and medium-sized breeds, including some Boxers and Doberman Pinschers, classified as the "attenuated wavy fiber" type of DCM. The histologic changes of the attenuated wavy fiber type of DCM may precede clinical and echocardiographic signs of heart disease, thus indicating an early stage of DCM.

  18. Developing Representative Michigan Truck Configurations for Bridge Load Rating

    Science.gov (United States)

    2018-02-28

    The objective of this study is to recommend a rating process representative of Michigan load effects for legal and extended permit vehicles. For this study, high fidelity WIM data from 20 Michigan sites were analyzed. Using vehicle weight and configu...

  19. The WIMSE-E module W-LED

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roth, M.J.

    1992-06-01

    This report describes the WIMS-E edit module W-LED. W-LED sets up a library of cross section and other nuclear data for a set of materials for subsequent use in a whole reactor program such as PANTHER. (author)

  20. Patient Condition Occurrence Frequency (PCOF) Tool Version 1.0.0.0 User Guide

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-06-19

    4) and USS Kearsarge (LHD 3). Boxer made stops in Peru , El Salvador, and Guatemala and Kearsarge made stops in Columbia, Dominican Republic, Guyana...from Haiti surveillance data 20.1% 11.0% Metabolism disorders Non-zero and greater than .5 because diabetes is common worldwide 0.0% 1.0

  1. Acute effect of blows to the head due one bout of amateur boxing match on electroencephalography (EEG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    keyvan Shabanimoghadam

    2011-06-01

    Conclusion: It is seems that in boxing sport the nature of blow to the head can lead to brain tissue electrical flow disturbance. This tension that is accompanied with acute mild brain injury and is observed in boxers, electroencephalography, is serious and can lead to next complications and injuries.

  2. Staggering but not knocked out

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Anon.

    2012-11-01

    Italy's PV market is staggering like a boxer almost knocked out. It has been hit hard by the country's deep economic recession. Conto Energia V has been yet another blow with cuts of up to 40 % in the solar feed-in tariffs. But the situation is not hopeless.

  3. CSF-biomarkers in Olympic boxing: diagnosis and effects of repetitive head trauma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Neselius, Sanna; Brisby, Helena; Theodorsson, Annette; Blennow, Kaj; Zetterberg, Henrik; Marcusson, Jan

    2012-01-01

    Sports-related head trauma is common but still there is no established laboratory test used in the diagnostics of minimal or mild traumatic brain injuries. Further the effects of recurrent head trauma on brain injury markers are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Olympic (amateur) boxing and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) brain injury biomarkers. The study was designed as a prospective cohort study. Thirty Olympic boxers with a minimum of 45 bouts and 25 non-boxing matched controls were included in the study. CSF samples were collected by lumbar puncture 1-6 days after a bout and after a rest period for at least 14 days. The controls were tested once. Biomarkers for acute and chronic brain injury were analysed. NFL (mean ± SD, 532±553 vs 135±51 ng/L p = 0.001), GFAP (496±238 vs 247±147 ng/L pboxing compared to controls. NFL (402±434 ng/L p = 0.004) and GFAP (369±113 ng/L p = 0.001) concentrations remained elevated after the rest period. Increased CSF levels of T-tau, NFL, GFAP, and S-100B in >80% of the boxers demonstrate that both the acute and the cumulative effect of head trauma in Olympic boxing may induce CSF biomarker changes that suggest minor central nervous injuries. The lack of normalization of NFL and GFAP after the rest period in a subgroup of boxers may indicate ongoing degeneration. The recurrent head trauma in boxing may be associated with increased risk of chronic traumatic brain injury.

  4. Analysis of axle and vehicle load properties through Bayesian networks based on weigh-in-motion data

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Morales Napoles, O.; Steenbergen, R.D.J.M.

    2014-01-01

    Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) systems are used, among other applications, in pavement and bridge reliability. The system measures quantities such as individual axle load, vehicular loads, vehicle speed, vehicle length and number ofaxles. Because ofthe nature ofúamc configuration, the quantities measured are

  5. Progress on China nuclear data processing code system

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Ping; Wu, Xiaofei; Ge, Zhigang; Li, Songyang; Wu, Haicheng; Wen, Lili; Wang, Wenming; Zhang, Huanyu

    2017-09-01

    China is developing the nuclear data processing code Ruler, which can be used for producing multi-group cross sections and related quantities from evaluated nuclear data in the ENDF format [1]. The Ruler includes modules for reconstructing cross sections in all energy range, generating Doppler-broadened cross sections for given temperature, producing effective self-shielded cross sections in unresolved energy range, calculating scattering cross sections in thermal energy range, generating group cross sections and matrices, preparing WIMS-D format data files for the reactor physics code WIMS-D [2]. Programming language of the Ruler is Fortran-90. The Ruler is tested for 32-bit computers with Windows-XP and Linux operating systems. The verification of Ruler has been performed by comparison with calculation results obtained by the NJOY99 [3] processing code. The validation of Ruler has been performed by using WIMSD5B code.

  6. Depleted Reactor Analysis With MCNP-4B

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Caner, M.; Silverman, L.; Bettan, M.

    2004-01-01

    Monte Carlo neutronics calculations are mostly done for fresh reactor cores. There is today an ongoing activity in the development of Monte Carlo plus burnup code systems made possible by the fast gains in computer processor speeds. In this work we investigate the use of MCNP-4B for the calculation of a depleted core of the Soreq reactor (IRR-1). The number densities as function of burnup were taken from the WIMS-D/4 cell code calculations. This particular code coupling has been implemented before. The Monte Carlo code MCNP-4B calculates the coupled transport of neutrons and photons for complicated geometries. We have done neutronics calculations of the IRR-1 core with the WIMS and CITATION codes in the past Also, we have developed an MCNP model of the IRR-1 standard fuel for a criticality safety calculation of a spent fuel storage pool

  7. Effects of abortion and other risk factors on conception rate in Iranian dairy herds

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Keshavarzi, Hamideh; Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi, Ali; Stygar, Anna Helena

    2017-01-01

    factor because of a significant interaction with IDIM and milk yield level. In conclusion, this study revealed that difference in CR between as well as within studied herds was remarkable. Moreover, calving season (due to for example heat stress in the warmer season) is a more important factor...... days after calving (2nd – 14th estrus cycle (3-WIM period)). After eliminating outliers and periods with missing records, the dataset included 200,580 insemination records of 31,830 cows observed between 2004 and 2014. A logistic regression model was developed to evaluate the effects of herd, parity......, calving season, cumulative fat corrected milk yield level (CFCML), mastitis in current 3-weeks in milk period (MAS), experience of mastitis in previous 3-WIM periods (EMAS), days in milk for insemination (IDIM) and all significant 2-way interactions on CR. Overall, the CR (total cows pregnant/total number...

  8. Kinetic parameters evaluation of PWRs using static cell and core calculation codes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jahanbin, Ali; Malmir, Hessam

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► In this study, we have calculated effective delayed neutron fraction and prompt neutron lifetime in PWRs. ► New software has been developed to link the WIMS, BORGES and CITATION codes in Visual C computer programming language. ► This software is used for calculation of the kinetic parameters in a typical VVER-1000 and NOK Beznau reactor. ► The ratios ((β eff ) i )/((β eff ) core ) , which are the important input data for the reactivity accident analysis, are also calculated. - Abstract: In this paper, evaluation of the kinetic parameters (effective delayed neutron fraction and prompt neutron lifetime) in PWRs, using static cell and core calculation codes, is reported. A new software has been developed to link the WIMS, BORGES and CITATION codes in Visual C computer programming language. Using the WIMS cell calculation code, multigroup microscopic cross-sections and number densities of different materials can be generated in a binary file. By the use of BORGES code, these binary-form cross-sections and number densities are converted to a format readable by the CITATION core calculation code, by which the kinetic parameters can be finally obtained. This software is used for calculation of the kinetic parameters in a typical VVER-1000 and NOK Beznau reactor. The ratios ((β eff ) i )/((β eff ) core ) , which are the important input data for the reactivity accident analysis, are also calculated. Benchmarking of the results against the final safety analysis report (FSAR) of the aforementioned reactors shows very good agreements with these published documents.

  9. The Perception of Four Basic Emotions in Human and Nonhuman Faces by Children with Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gross, Thomas F.

    2004-01-01

    Children who experienced autism, mental retardation, and language disorders; and, children in a clinical control group were shown photographs of human female, orangutan, and canine (boxer) faces expressing happiness, sadness, anger, surprise and a neutral expression. For each species of faces, children were asked to identify the happy, sad, angry,…

  10. Rapid calibaration of the control rod of miniature neutron source ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    In the scheme, once CITATION base data have been prepared using group constants generated by WIMS, the required calculations are perform-ed automatically. The methodology eliminates errors and cumbersome procedures involved in manual regenera-tion of data after each CITATION pass associated with the ...

  11. Previous Traumatic Life Events versus Course and Effectiveness of PTSD Therapy in Veterans of Polish Military Contingents

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-04-01

    Combat Stress ul.Szaserow 128 04-141 Warszawa POLAND E-mail: maciekzbyszewski@yahoo.com; ilnickis@wim.mil.pl ABSTRACT The goal of the paper...Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Combat Stress ul.Szaserow 128 04-141 Warszawa Poland 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING

  12. Federal Education Funding: Multiple Programs and Lack of Data Raise Efficiency and Effectiveness Concerns (Supplemental Information to Testimony).

    Science.gov (United States)

    General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Health, Education, and Human Services Div.

    In 1997, United States Senator Barbara Boxer asked the General Accounting Office to address certain questions she had about education programs. The answers to her questions are provided in this report. The information centers on five areas: (1) the definitions and criteria used to identify the number of federal education programs and departments…

  13. The hurt business: Psychological aspects of boxin | Smit | South ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Ten boxers were interviewed individually to explore how they perceived the nature of aggression in the ring and the mental skills they employed in their sport. The interview data were subjected to thematic analysis, which elicited five dominant themes: aggression and how to deal with it; control of the arousal, especially ...

  14. Mesostructure, contemporary training model of the Cuban boxing school

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Hernández Sierra

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available The present work aims to convey the experiences on the development and application of a meso-structure of 3-4 microcycles that allowed maintaining a long state of the sport form (5-6 months on a scientific-technical and methodological basis in the planning of the Sports training of the national boxing team, who participated in the 4th World Boxing Series (WSB. The investigated sample consisted of 21 boxers, representing 58%, of a population made up of 36 athletes / students belonging to the National School of Boxing. The importance of the research is that it exposes the use of new planning concepts and the current modifications in the training structure, as well as the contribution of science to the adaptation of training loads, which allows to obtain positive results during a long period of time. state of the sport form, factors on which it is necessary to reflect for an effective planning of modern sports training.

  15. Knowledge Management.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1999

    The first of the four papers in this symposium, "Knowledge Management and Knowledge Dissemination" (Wim J. Nijhof), presents two case studies exploring the strategies companies use in sharing and disseminating knowledge and expertise among employees. "A Theory of Knowledge Management" (Richard J. Torraco), develops a conceptual…

  16. Atheïstische religiositeit : Een pragmatische analyse in de geest van William James, Erich Fromm en Leo Apostel

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Moer, Van Wim

    2012-01-01

    Atheïsme en religiositeit lijken elkaars absolute tegenpolen. Filosoof Wim Van Moer stelt deze intuïtieve, ook onder atheïsten wijdverspreide overtuiging ter discussie. Deze analyse onthult dat de religieuze ervaring niet verbonden hoeft te zijn met een geloof in een bovennatuurlijke entiteit of

  17. Development status of the lattice physics code in COSINE project

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, Y.; Yu, H.; Li, S.; Liu, Z.; Yan, Y. [State Nuclear Power Software Development Center, SNPTC, National Energy Key Laboratory of Nuclear Power Software NEKLS, North Third Ring Road, Beijing 100029 (China)

    2013-07-01

    LATC is an essential part of COSINE code package, which stands for Core and System Integrated Engine for design and analysis. LATC performs 2D multi-group assembly transport calculation and generates few group constants and the required cross-section data for CORE, the core simulator code. LATC is designed to have the capability of modeling the API 000 series assemblies. The development is a continuously improved process. Currently, LATC uses well-proven technology to achieve the key functions. In the next stage, more advanced methods and modules will be implemented. At present, WIMS and WIMS improved format library could be read in LATC code. For resonance calculation, equivalent relation with rational approximations is utilized. For transport calculation, two options are available. One choice is collision probability method in cell homogenization while discrete coordinate method in assembly homogenization, the other is method of characteristics in assembly homogenization directly. For depletion calculation, an improved linear rate 'constant power' depletion method has been developed. (authors)

  18. Development status of the lattice physics code in COSINE project

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen, Y.; Yu, H.; Li, S.; Liu, Z.; Yan, Y.

    2013-01-01

    LATC is an essential part of COSINE code package, which stands for Core and System Integrated Engine for design and analysis. LATC performs 2D multi-group assembly transport calculation and generates few group constants and the required cross-section data for CORE, the core simulator code. LATC is designed to have the capability of modeling the API 000 series assemblies. The development is a continuously improved process. Currently, LATC uses well-proven technology to achieve the key functions. In the next stage, more advanced methods and modules will be implemented. At present, WIMS and WIMS improved format library could be read in LATC code. For resonance calculation, equivalent relation with rational approximations is utilized. For transport calculation, two options are available. One choice is collision probability method in cell homogenization while discrete coordinate method in assembly homogenization, the other is method of characteristics in assembly homogenization directly. For depletion calculation, an improved linear rate 'constant power' depletion method has been developed. (authors)

  19. Fuel management at the Petten high flux reactor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thijssen, P.J.M.

    1999-01-01

    Several years ago the shipment of spent fuel of the High Flux Reactor (HFR) at Petten has come to a standstill resulting in an ever growing stock of fuel elements that are labelled 'fully burnt up'. Examination of those elements showed that a reasonably number of them have a relatively high 235 U mass left. A reactor physics analysis showed that the use of such elements in the peripheral core zone allows the loading of four instead of five fresh fuel elements in many cycle cores. For the assessment of safety and performance parameters of HFR cores a new calculational tool is being developed. It is based on AEA Technology's Reactor physics code suite Winfrith Improved Multigroup Scheme (WIMS). NRG produced pre- and post-processing facilities to feed input data into WIMS's 2D transport code CACTUS and to extract relevant parameters from the output. The processing facilities can be used for many different types of application. (author)

  20. Once-through uranium thorium fuel cycle in CANDU reactors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ozdemir, S.; Cubukcu, E.

    2000-01-01

    In this study, the performance of the once-through uranium-thorium fuel cycle in CANDU reactors is investigated. (Th-U)O 2 is used as fuel in all fuel rod clusters where Th and U are mixed homogeneously. CANDU reactors have the advantage of being capable of employing various fuel cycle options because of its good neutron economy, continuous on line refueling ability and axial fuel replacement possibility. For lattice cell calculations transport code WIMS is used. WIMS cross-section library is modified to achieve precise lattice cell calculations. For various enrichments and Th-U mixtures, criticality, heavy element composition changes, diffusion coefficients and cross-sections are calculate. Reactor core is modeled by using the diffusion code CITATION. We conclude that an overall saving of 22% in natural uranium demand can be achieved with the use of Th cycle. However, slightly enriched U cycle still consumes less natural Uranium and is a lot less complicated. (author)

  1. Moderator temperature effects on reactivity of HEU core of MNSR

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ahmad, Siraj-ul-Islam; Sahibzada, Tasveer Muhammad

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► The MNSR core was analyzed to see the cross section effects on moderator temperature coefficient of reactivity. ► WIMS-D code was used for cell calculations. ► The 3D diffusion theory code PRIDE was first validated using IAEA benchmark problem and then used for analysis of MNSR. ► The differences among results for various libraries were discussed. -- Abstract: In this article we report on analyses that were performed to investigate the influence of cross section differences among libraries released by various centers on reactivity of Miniature Neutron Source Reactors. The 3D model of the core was developed with WIMS-D and PRIDE codes and six cross section libraries were used including JENDL-3.2, JEF-2.2, JEFF-3.3, ENDF/B-VI and ENDF/B-VII, and IAEA library. It was observed that all the libraries predict the reactivity within 10%, with IAEA library giving minimum reactivity worth, and JEF-2.2 data library resulted in highest worth.

  2. Reactivity feedback coefficients of a low enriched uranium fuelled material test research reactor at end-of-life

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Muhammad, Farhan

    2011-01-01

    Highlights: → The isotopic concentration in the fuel changes as soon as it starts its operation. → The neutronic properties of a reactor also change with fuel burnup. → The reactivity feedbacks at end-of-life of a material test reactor fuelled with low enriched uranium fuel are calculated. → Codes used include WIMS-D4 and CITATION. - Abstract: The reactivity feedback coefficients at end-of-life of a material test reactor fuelled with low enriched uranium fuel were calculated. The reactor used for the study was the IAEA's 10 MW benchmark reactor. Simulations were carried out to calculate the different reactivity feedback coefficients including Doppler feedback coefficient, reactivity coefficient for change of water temperature and reactivity coefficient for change of water density. Nuclear reactor analysis codes including WIMS-D4 and CITATION were employed to carry out these calculations. It was observed that the magnitude of all the reactivity feedback coefficients increased at end of life of the reactor by almost 2-5%.

  3. Calculation of the fine spectrum and integration of the resonance cross sections in the cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Paratte, J.M.

    1986-10-01

    The code BOXER is used for the neutronics calculations of two-dimensional LWR arrays. During the calculation of the group constants of the cells (pin, clad and moderator), the program SLOFIN, a BOXER module, allows taking into account the self-shielding of the resonances. The resonance range is devided into two parts: - above 907 eV the cross sections are condensed into groups by the library code ETOBOX. In SLOFIN, these values are interpolated over the equivalent cross section and the temperature. The interpolation formula chosen gives an accuracy better than 1% for values of the equivalent cross section larger than 5 barns. - between 4 and 907 eV, the cross sections are given in pointwise form as a function of the lethargy. At first a list of pointwise macroscopic cross section is established. Then the fine spectrum in the cell is calculated in 2 or 3 zones by means of the collision probability theory. In the central zone one resonant pseudo-nuclide is considered for the calculation of the scattering source, while the light nuclides are explicitly treated but under the assumption of energy independent cross sections. The fine spectrum is then used as a weihting function for the condensation of the pointwise cross sections of the resonant nuclides into energy groups. The procedure was checked on the basis of the TRX-1 to -4 and BAPL-UO 2 -1 to -3 experiments which are used as benchmarks for the tests of the ENDF/B libraries. The comparisons with other calculation results show that the deviations observed are typical for the basic cross sections. The method proposed shows a good accuracy in the application range foreseen for BOXER. It is also fast enough to be used as a standard method in a cell code. (author)

  4. Neurological tests improve after Olympic-style boxing bouts: a pretournament and post-tournament study in the 2016 Women's World Boxing Championships.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Howell, David R; Meehan, William P; Loosemore, Michael P; Cummiskey, Joseph; Grabner von Rosenberg, Jean-Paul; McDonagh, David

    2017-09-01

    To prospectively examine the neurocognitive, postural, dual-task and visual abilities of female Olympic-style boxers before and after participation in a tournament. Sixty-one females completed the modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS), King-Devick test and 3 m timed-up-and-go test in single-task and dual-task conditions. A subset (n=31) completed the CogState computerised neurocognitive test. Initial testing was completed prior to the 2016 Women's World Boxing Championships; each participant repeated the testing protocol within a day of elimination. No participant sustained a concussion. Pretournament and post-tournament performance variables were compared using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Participants completed a mean of 7.5±4.5 rounds of Olympic-style boxing over 2-8 days. Post-tournament scores were significantly lower than pretournament scores for total mBESS (2.2±1.9 errors vs 5.5±2.9 errors, pboxing tournament (maze chase task: 1.39±0.34 correct moves/second vs 1.17±0.44 correct moves/second, p=0.001, d =0.58). No significant changes across time were detected for the other obtained outcome variables. Female boxers demonstrated either improvement or no significant changes in test performance after competing in an Olympic-style boxing tournament, relative to pretournament performance. As many of the test tasks were novel for the boxers, practice effects may have contributed to improved performance. When there is a short time frame between assessments, clinicians should be aware of potential practice effects when using ringside neurological tests. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

  5. Chen Hengzhe

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Gimpel, Denise

    been the first to write children’s literature. In 1914 she was among the first group of women to gain a Boxer Indemnity grant to study in America. The reiteration of these many “firsts” has led to a rather stereotypical portrait of Chen Hengzhe in Chinese sources and, as a result, in most Western...

  6. Investigation of the Impact of the Uniform Colors of Sportsmen Who Participated in Turkish Youth Boxing Championship on Their Performance during the Competition

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gülle, Mahmut; Beyleroglu, Malik; Hazar, Muhsin

    2016-01-01

    The purpose of the present study is to elucidate the relationship between performance impacts of red and blue colors on uniforms of young boxers and competition results. The study universe was consisted of 650 competitions organized in the scope of 2005-2006 Sakarya City Young Men Boxing Championship by the Turkey Boxing Federation. Sampling of…

  7. Visual Structure and Function in Collision Sport Athletes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leong, Danielle; Morettin, Christina; Messner, Leonard V; Steinmetz, Robert J; Pang, Yi; Galetta, Steven L; Balcer, Laura J

    2017-09-06

    Vision-based measures have been shown to be useful markers in multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer and Parkinson disease. Therefore, these testing paradigms may have applications to populations explaining repetitive head trauma that has been associated with long-term neurodegenerative sequelae. We investigated retinal structure and visual function in professional collision sport athletes compared to age- and race-matched control participants. In this cross-sectional study, participants underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC = ganglion cell + inner plexiform layers) thickness. High-contrast visual acuity (100% level), low-contrast letter acuity (LCLA) (1.25% and 2.5% levels), and King-Devick Test of rapid number naming performance were administered. Vision-specific quality of life (QOL) measures were assessed. Among 46 collision sport athletes (boxing, n = 14; football, n = 29; ice hockey, n = 3) and 104 control participants, average RNFL thickness was a significant predictor of athlete vs control status with athletes demonstrating 4.8-μm of thinning compared to controls (P = 0.01, generalized estimating equation [GEE] models accounting for age and within-subject, intereye correlations). Athlete vs control status was not a predictor of RNFL thickness for the subgroup of football players in this cohort (P = 0.60). Binocular (P = 0.001) and monocular (P = 0.02) LCLA at 2.5% contrast and vision-specific QOL (P = 0.04) were significant predictors of athlete vs control status (GEE models accounting for age and within-subject, intereye correlations). Rapid number naming performance times were not significantly different between the control and athlete groups. This study showed that retinal axonal and neuronal loss is present among collision sport athletes, with most notable differences seen in boxers. These findings are accompanied by reductions in

  8. Benchmark testing of CENDL-2 for U-fuel thermal reactors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang Baocheng; Liu Guisheng; Liu Ping

    1995-01-01

    Based on CENDL-2, NJOY-WIMS code system was used to generate 69-group constants, and do benchmark testing for TRX-1,2; BAPL-UO-2-1,2,3; ZEEP-1,2,3. All the results proved that CENDL-2 is reliable for thermal reactor calculations. (3 tabs.)

  9. Boekbespreking Ronald Meester en Joost Hulshof: Wiskunde in je vingers : Hogere wiskunde omlaaghalen

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Caspers, Wim; Timmer, Mark

    “Een oppepcursus voor liefhebbers en andere freaks”, zo omschrijven Ronald Meester en Joost Hulshof hun boek W={kunde} in je vingers. Wim Caspers en Mark Timmer, allebei docent aan een middelbare school en lerarenopleider, bekeken het boek ieder vanuit beide rollen en gingen op bezoek bij de

  10. The numerical benchmark CB2-S, final evaluation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chrapciak, V.

    2002-01-01

    In this paper are final results of numerical benchmark CB2-S compared (activity, gamma and neutron sources, concentration of important nuclides and decay heat). The participants are: Vladimir Chrapciak (SCALE), Ludmila Markova (SCALE), Svetlana Zabrodskaja (SCALA), Pavel Mikolas (WIMS). Eva Tinkova (HELIOS) and Maria Manolova (SCALE) (Authors)

  11. Rock-hard coatings

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Muller, M.

    2007-01-01

    Aircraft jet engines have to be able to withstand infernal conditions. Extreme heat and bitter cold tax coatings to the limit. Materials expert Dr Ir. Wim Sloof fits atoms together to develop rock-hard coatings. The latest invention in this field is known as ceramic matrix composites. Sloof has

  12. Waste Information Management System with 2012-13 Waste Streams - 13095

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Upadhyay, H.; Quintero, W.; Lagos, L.; Shoffner, P.; Roelant, D.

    2013-01-01

    The Waste Information Management System (WIMS) 2012-13 was updated to support the Department of Energy (DOE) accelerated cleanup program. The schedule compression required close coordination and a comprehensive review and prioritization of the barriers that impeded treatment and disposition of the waste streams at each site. Many issues related to waste treatment and disposal were potential critical path issues under the accelerated schedule. In order to facilitate accelerated cleanup initiatives, waste managers at DOE field sites and at DOE Headquarters in Washington, D.C., needed timely waste forecast and transportation information regarding the volumes and types of radioactive waste that would be generated by DOE sites over the next 40 years. Each local DOE site historically collected, organized, and displayed waste forecast information in separate and unique systems. In order for interested parties to understand and view the complete DOE complex-wide picture, the radioactive waste and shipment information of each DOE site needed to be entered into a common application. The WIMS application was therefore created to serve as a common application to improve stakeholder comprehension and improve DOE radioactive waste treatment and disposal planning and scheduling. WIMS allows identification of total forecasted waste volumes, material classes, disposition sites, choke points, technological or regulatory barriers to treatment and disposal, along with forecasted waste transportation information by rail, truck and inter-modal shipments. The Applied Research Center (ARC) at Florida International University (FIU) in Miami, Florida, developed and deployed the web-based forecast and transportation system and is responsible for updating the radioactive waste forecast and transportation data on a regular basis to ensure the long-term viability and value of this system. (authors)

  13. Determination of prompt neutron decay constant of the AP-600 reactor core

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Surbakti, T.

    1998-01-01

    Determination of prompt neutron decay constant of the AP-600 reactor core has been performed using combination of two codes WIMS/D4 and Batan-2DIFF. The calculation was done at beginning of cycle and all of control rods pulled out. Cell generation from various kinds of core materials was done with 4 neutron energy group in 1-D transport code (WIMS/D4). The cell is considered for 1/4 fuel assembly in cluster model with square pitch arrange and then, the dimension of its unit cell is calculated. The unit cell consist of a fuel and moderator unit. The unit cell dimension as input data of WIMS/D4 code, called it annulus, is obtained from the equivalent unit cell. Macroscopic cross sections as output was used as input on neutron diffusion code Batan-2DIFF for core calculation as appropriate with three enrichment regions of the fuel of AP-600 core, namely 2, 2.5, and 3%. From result of diffusion code ( Batan-2DIFF) is obtained the value of delayed neutron fraction of 6.932E-03 and average prompt neutron life-time of 26.38 μs, so that the value of prompt neutron decay constant is 262.8 s-1. If it is compared the calculation result with the design value, the deviation are, for the design value of delayed neutron fraction is 7.5E-03, about 8% and the design value of average prompt neutron life time is 19.6 μs, about 34% respectively. The deviation because there are still unknown several core components of AP-600, so it didn't include in calculation yet

  14. The model of Western integrative medicine: the role of Chinese medicine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dobos, Gustav; Tao, Iven

    2011-01-01

    The basic concept of integrative medicine (IM) is that by combining mainstream (biomedicine) with complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), synergistic therapeutic effects can be attained. When the methods of mind/body medicine (MBM) are added to this combination, as in Western countries, a new concept emerges that drastically changes the approach toward illness.It is interesting to note that the joining of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the early days of the Peoples' Republic of China preceded the Western model of IM by almost 50 years. Several elements that make up the key components of IM as practiced today in the West were already present in the Chinese version of IM, and Chinese medicine has played and continues to play an important role in advancing IM. However, one of the major differences between the Chinese and the Western models of IM today, besides MBM and some other treatment options, is that Western integrative medicine (WIM) strictly requires its CAM methods to be supported by scientific evidence.The therapeutic methods of IM and their applications are many and varied. However, they are most frequently employed to treat chronic medical conditions, e.g., bronchial asthma, rheumatic disease, chronic inflammatory bowel disorder and chronic pain. Other fields in which IM may be applied are internal medicine (inflammatory bowel diseases and cardiovascular diseases), musculoskeletal disorders, oncology (chemotherapy-induced side effects), obstetrics and gynecology (dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, infertility and menopausal complaints), pediatrics, geriatrics, neurology (migraine and chronic headache), and psychiatry (anxiety and depression).The concept of WIM is discussed here in detail by reviewing its scope and implications for the practice of medicine and focusing on the role of Chinese medicine in WIM.

  15. Waste Information Management System with 2012-13 Waste Streams - 13095

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Upadhyay, H.; Quintero, W.; Lagos, L.; Shoffner, P.; Roelant, D. [Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, Suite 2100, Miami, FL 33174 (United States)

    2013-07-01

    The Waste Information Management System (WIMS) 2012-13 was updated to support the Department of Energy (DOE) accelerated cleanup program. The schedule compression required close coordination and a comprehensive review and prioritization of the barriers that impeded treatment and disposition of the waste streams at each site. Many issues related to waste treatment and disposal were potential critical path issues under the accelerated schedule. In order to facilitate accelerated cleanup initiatives, waste managers at DOE field sites and at DOE Headquarters in Washington, D.C., needed timely waste forecast and transportation information regarding the volumes and types of radioactive waste that would be generated by DOE sites over the next 40 years. Each local DOE site historically collected, organized, and displayed waste forecast information in separate and unique systems. In order for interested parties to understand and view the complete DOE complex-wide picture, the radioactive waste and shipment information of each DOE site needed to be entered into a common application. The WIMS application was therefore created to serve as a common application to improve stakeholder comprehension and improve DOE radioactive waste treatment and disposal planning and scheduling. WIMS allows identification of total forecasted waste volumes, material classes, disposition sites, choke points, technological or regulatory barriers to treatment and disposal, along with forecasted waste transportation information by rail, truck and inter-modal shipments. The Applied Research Center (ARC) at Florida International University (FIU) in Miami, Florida, developed and deployed the web-based forecast and transportation system and is responsible for updating the radioactive waste forecast and transportation data on a regular basis to ensure the long-term viability and value of this system. (authors)

  16. Repair-welding technology of irradiated materials - WIM project

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nakata, K.; Oishi, M.

    1998-01-01

    A new project on the development of repair-welding technology for core internals and reactor (pressure) vessel, consigned by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), has been started from October 1997. The objective of the project is classified into three points as follows: (1) to develop repair-welding techniques for neutron irradiated materials, (2) to prove the availability of the techniques for core internals and reactor (pressure) vessel, and (3) to recommend the updated repair-welding for the Technical Rules and Standards. Total planning, neutron irradiation, preparation of welding equipment are now in progress. The materials are austenitic stainless steels and a low alloy steel. Neutron irradiation is performed using test reactors. In order to suppress the helium aggregation along grain boundaries, low heat input welding techniques, such as laser, low heat input TIG and friction weldings, will be applied. (author)

  17. The Theory of Special Operations

    Science.gov (United States)

    1993-06-17

    Brigade. An avid boxer and rugby player, he earned the troops r-espect through hard work, discipline and a desir.! to make them the best commandos in the...34, 22nd September, 1943, B1 . 312 0 Figure 6-1. X-Craft ?zwpadng to Dock. (Couttusy Imperial Wair Museum) Figure6-2 Captain at Peuuowpe. 313 Figure 6-3

  18. Static Scale Conversion Weigh-In-Motion System; FINAL

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Beshears, D.L.

    2001-01-01

    In support of the Air Mobility Battle Lab (AMBL), the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Advanced Logistics Program and the U. S. Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM), the ultimate objective of this project is to develop and demonstrate a full-scale prototype static scale conversion weigh-in-motion/Profilometry (SSC-WIM/P) system to measure and record dimensional and weight information for the Department of Defense (DoD) equipment and cargo. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), along with the AMBL, and Intercomp, Inc. have developed a long-range plan for developing a dual-use system which can be used as a standard static scale or an accurate weigh-in-motion system. AMBL will work to define requirements for additional activities with U.S. Transportation Command, Air Mobility Command, and the Joint Warfighting Battle Lab for both the SSC-WIM/P and a portable Weigh-in-Motion System for individual units. The funding goal is to fully fund the development of two prototype test articles (a SSC-WIM kit, and a laser profilometer) and have at least one fully operational system by the early 2002 timeframe. The objective of this portion of the project will be to develop a SSC-WIM system, which at a later date can be fully integrated with a profilometry system; to fully characterize DOD wheeled vehicles and cargo (individual axle weights, total vehicle weight, center of balance, height, width and length measurements). The program will be completed in phases with the initial AMBL/DARPA funding being used to initiate the efforts while AMBL/USTC obtains funding to complete the first generation system effort. At the completion of an initial effort, the interface hardware and the data acquisition/analysis hardware will be developed, fabricated, and system principles and basic functionality evaluated, tested, and demonstrated. Additional funding, when made available, will allow the successful completion of a first generation prototype system. This effort will be

  19. Development of modern CANDU PHWR cross-section libraries for SCALE

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shoman, Nathan T.; Skutnik, Steven E.

    2016-01-01

    Highlights: • New ORIGEN libraries for CANDU 28 and 37-element fuel assemblies have been created. • These new reactor data libraries are based on modern ENDF/B-VII.0 cross-section data. • The updated CANDU data libraries show good agreement with radiochemical assay data. • Eu-154 overestimated when using ENDF-VII.0 due to a lower thermal capture cross-section. - Abstract: A new set of SCALE fuel lattice models have been developed for the 28-element and 37-element CANDU fuel assembly designs using modern cross-section data from ENDF-B/VII.0 in order to produce new reactor data libraries for SCALE/ORIGEN depletion analyses. These new libraries are intended to provide users with a convenient means of evaluating depletion of CANDU fuel assemblies using ORIGEN through pre-generated cross sections based on SCALE lattice physics calculations. The performance of the new CANDU ORIGEN libraries in depletion analysis benchmarks to radiochemical assay data were compared to the previous version of the CANDU libraries provided with SCALE (based on WIMS-AECL models). Benchmark comparisons with available radiochemical assay data indicate that the new cross-section libraries perform well at matching major actinide species (U/Pu), which are generally within 1–4% of experimental values. The library also showed similar or better results over the WIMS-AECL library regarding fission product species and minor actinoids (Np, Am, and Cm). However, a notable exception was in calculated inventories of "1"5"4Eu and "1"5"5Eu, where the new library employing modern nuclear data (ENDF/B-VII.0) performed substantially poorer than the previous WIMS-AECL library (which used ENDF-B/VI.8 cross-sections for these species). The cause for this discrepancy appears to be due to differences in the "1"5"4Eu thermal capture cross-section between ENDF/B-VI.8 and ENDF/B-VII.0, an effect which is exacerbated by the highly thermalized flux of a CANDU heavy water reactor compared to that of a typical

  20. A Look at Psychometrics in the Netherlands.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hambleton, Ronald K.; Swaminathan, H.

    Comments are made on the review papers presented by six Dutch psychometricians: Ivo Molenaar, Wim van der Linden, Ed Roskam, Arnold Van den Wollenberg, Gideon Mellenbergh, and Dato de Gruijter. Molenaar has embraced a pragmatic viewpoint on Bayesian methods, using both empirical and pure approaches to solve educational research problems. Molenaar…

  1. An analysis of the uniform core experiment

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Waterson, R H

    1973-10-15

    This report describes an analysis of the Uniform Core of HITREX using the WIMS E codes, and presents the results of theory/experiment comparisons. The overall picture is one of good agreement for core reaction rate distributions, but theory umderestimating k{sub eff} by about 1.5% {delta}k/k.

  2. The relative impact of photoionizing radiation and stellar winds on different environments

    Science.gov (United States)

    Haid, S.; Walch, S.; Seifried, D.; Wünsch, R.; Dinnbier, F.; Naab, T.

    2018-05-01

    Photoionizing radiation and stellar winds from massive stars deposit energy and momentum into the interstellar medium (ISM). They might disperse the local ISM, change its turbulent multi-phase structure, and even regulate star formation. Ionizing radiation dominates the massive stars' energy output, but the relative effect of winds might change with stellar mass and the properties of the ambient ISM. We present simulations of the interaction of stellar winds and ionizing radiation of 12, 23, and 60 M⊙ stars within a cold neutral (CNM, n0 = 100 cm-3), warm neutral (WNM, n0 = 1, 10 cm-3) or warm ionized (WIM, n0 = 0.1 cm-3) medium. The FLASH simulations adopt the novel tree-based radiation transfer algorithm TREERAY. With the On-the-Spot approximation and a temperature-dependent recombination coefficient, it is coupled to a chemical network with radiative heating and cooling. In the homogeneous CNM, the total momentum injection ranges from 1.6× 104 to 4× 105 M⊙ km s-1 and is always dominated by the expansion of the ionized HII region. In the WIM, stellar winds dominate (2× 102 to 5× 103 M⊙ km s-1), while the input from radiation is small (˜ 102 M⊙ km s-1). The WNM (n0 = 1 cm-3) is a transition regime. Energetically, stellar winds couple more efficiently to the ISM (˜ 0.1 percent of wind luminosity) than radiation (< 0.001 percent of ionizing luminosity). For estimating the impact of massive stars, the strongly mass-dependent ratios of wind to ionizing luminosity and the properties of the ambient medium have to be considered.

  3. Burn-up credit in criticality safety of PWR spent fuel

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mahmoud, Rowayda F., E-mail: Rowayda_mahmoud@yahoo.com [Metallurgy Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority (Egypt); Shaat, Mohamed K. [Nuclear Engineering, Reactors Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority (Egypt); Nagy, M.E.; Agamy, S.A. [Professor of Nuclear Engineering, Nuclear and Radiation Department, Alexandria University (Egypt); Abdelrahman, Adel A. [Metallurgy Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority (Egypt)

    2014-12-15

    Highlights: • Designing spent fuel wet storage using WIMS-5D and MCNP-5 code. • Studying fresh and burned fuel with/out absorber like “B{sub 4}C and Ag–In–Cd” in racks. • Sub-criticality was confirmed for fresh and burned fuel under specific cases. • Studies for BU credit recommend increasing fuel burn-up to 60.0 GWD/MTU. • Those studies require new core structure materials, fuel composition and cladding. - Abstract: The criticality safety calculations were performed for a proposed design of a wet spent fuel storage pool. This pool will be used for the storage of spent fuel discharged from a typical pressurized water reactor (PWR). The mathematical model based on the international validated codes, WIMS-5 and MCNP-5 were used for calculating the effective multiplication factor, k{sub eff}, for the spent fuel stored in the pool. The data library for the multi-group neutron microscopic cross-sections was used for the cell calculations. The k{sub eff} was calculated for several changes in water density, water level, assembly pitch and burn-up with different initial fuel enrichment and new types and amounts of fixed absorbers. Also, k{sub eff} was calculated for the conservative fresh fuel case. The results of the calculations confirmed that the effective multiplication factor for the spent fuel storage is sub-critical for all normal and abnormal states. The future strategy for the burn-up credit recommends increasing the fuel burn-up to a value >60.0 GWD/MTU, which requires new fuel composition and new fuel cladding material with the assessment of the effects of negative reactivity build up.

  4. The Dit nuclear fuel assembly physics design code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jonsson, A.

    1987-01-01

    DIT is the Combustion Engineering, Inc. (C-E) nuclear fuel assembly design code. It belongs to a class of codes, all similar in structure and strategy, which may be characterized by the spectrum and spatial calculations being performed in 2D and in a single job step for the entire assembly. The forerunner of this class of codes is the U.K.A.E.A. WIMS code, the first version of which was completed 25 years ago. The structure and strategy of assembly spectrum codes have remained remarkably similar to the original concept thus proving its usefulness. As other organizations, including C-E, have developed their own versions of the concept, many important variations have been added which significantly influence the accuracy and performance of the resulting computational tool. This paper describes and discusses those features which are unique to the DIT code and which might be of interest to the community of fuel assembly physics design code users and developers

  5. The DIT nuclear fuel assembly physics design code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jonsson, A.

    1988-01-01

    The DIT code is the Combustion Engineering, Inc. (C-E) nuclear fuel assembly design code. It belongs to a class of codes, all similar in structure and strategy, that may be characterized by the spectrum and spatial calculations being performed in two dimensions and in a single job step for the entire assembly. The forerunner of this class of codes is the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority WIMS code, the first version of which was completed 25 yr ago. The structure and strategy of assembly spectrum codes have remained remarkably similar to the original concept thus proving its usefulness. As other organizations, including C-E, have developed their own versions of the concept, many important variations have been added that significantly influence the accuracy and performance of the resulting computational tool. Those features, which are unique to the DIT code and which might be of interest to the community of fuel assembly physics design code users and developers, are described and discussed

  6. Military Innovation in the New Normal

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-04-13

    fundamentally flawed. Having Soldiers with regional affiliation, cultural appreciation, and language proficiency makes sense . The concept simply fails in...36 Recognizing the urgency of this training deficiency, both First and Second Marine Divisions published their respective...Witch Hunt,” http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ sen -barbara- boxer/the-gops-benghazi-witch-h_b_5315857.html (accessed 28 Jan 2015). Military Innovation in

  7. Membrane fusion

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bendix, Pól Martin

    2015-01-01

    At Stanford University, Boxer lab, I worked on membrane fusion of small unilamellar lipid vesicles to flat membranes tethered to glass surfaces. This geometry closely resembles biological systems in which liposomes fuse to plasma membranes. The fusion mechanism was studied using DNA zippering...... between complementary strands linked to the two apposing membranes closely mimicking the zippering mechanism of SNARE fusion complexes....

  8. Genetic analysis of pre-weaning survival and inbreeding in the ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Fitness records were included from 2138 litters recorded between 1988 and 2012 and pedigree information of 32 029 Boxer dogs recorded from 1950 to 2012. The average litter size was 6.14 ± 2.43. More male puppies were born per litter (3.23 ± 1.79) than female puppies (2.91 ± 1.72), with an increase in the proportion of ...

  9. Validation of CENDL and JEFF evaluated nuclear data files for TRIGA calculations through the analysis of integral parameters of TRX and BAPL benchmark lattices of thermal reactors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Uddin, M.N.; Sarker, M.M.; Khan, M.J.H.; Islam, S.M.A.

    2009-01-01

    The aim of this paper is to present the validation of evaluated nuclear data files CENDL-2.2 and JEFF-3.1.1 through the analysis of the integral parameters of TRX and BAPL benchmark lattices of thermal reactors for neutronics analysis of TRIGA Mark-II Research Reactor at AERE, Bangladesh. In this process, the 69-group cross-section library for lattice code WIMS was generated using the basic evaluated nuclear data files CENDL-2.2 and JEFF-3.1.1 with the help of nuclear data processing code NJOY99.0. Integral measurements on the thermal reactor lattices TRX-1, TRX-2, BAPL-UO 2 -1, BAPL-UO 2 -2 and BAPL-UO 2 -3 served as standard benchmarks for testing nuclear data files and have also been selected for this analysis. The integral parameters of the said lattices were calculated using the lattice transport code WIMSD-5B based on the generated 69-group cross-section library. The calculated integral parameters were compared to the measured values as well as the results of Monte Carlo Code MCNP. It was found that in most cases, the values of integral parameters show a good agreement with the experiment and MCNP results. Besides, the group constants in WIMS format for the isotopes U-235 and U-238 between two data files have been compared using WIMS library utility code WILLIE and it was found that the group constants are identical with very insignificant difference. Therefore, this analysis reflects the validation of evaluated nuclear data files CENDL-2.2 and JEFF-3.1.1 through benchmarking the integral parameters of TRX and BAPL lattices and can also be essential to implement further neutronic analysis of TRIGA Mark-II research reactor at AERE, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

  10. Näitused / Mari Sobolev

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Sobolev, Mari, 1968-

    1998-01-01

    Tallinna XI graafikatriennaal. Rotermanni soolaladu: "Puudutus"; Kunstihoone: "Puutujad"; Rahvusraamatukogu: Laste ja noorte graafikanäitus; Kastellaanimaja galerii: Wim Lamboo (s. 1949) "Eesti kunstnike portreed 1997" (fotograafia); Tallinna Botaanikaaed: "Maised rõõmud"; Rahvusraamatukogu: Antanas Sutkus (s. 1939) "Pro memoria" (fotograafia); Tammsaare majamuuseum: Eve Pärnaste "Ülelend" (maalid); Haapsalu Linnagalerii: Paul Allik "Seisundid" (aktimaalid).

  11. JPRS Report, Science and Technology, Europe.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1991-02-15

    SPAZIOINFORMAZIONI, 1-3 Oct 90] 4 Germany: Hypersonic Technology Impact Assessment Published [Bonn TECHNOLOGIE- NACHRICHTEN PROGRAMM-INFORMATIONEN...14 German Laser System Measures Emission in Diesel Engines [Bonn TECHNOLOGIE- NACHRICHTEN MANAGEMENT-INFORMATIONEN, 29 Oct 90] 14 BIOTECHNOLOGY...Installed [Wim Amerongen; Amsterdam COMPUTERWORLD, 26 Sep 90] 16 ENERGY Germany Solar Energy Program Status Reviewed [Bonn TECHNOLOGIE- NACHRICHTEN

  12. Generation of seven group cross section library for TRIGA LEU fuel in CITATION format and benchmarking some experimental and operational data

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sarker, M.M.; Bhuiyan, S.I.; Akramuzzaman, M.

    2007-01-01

    The principal objective of this study is to validate the seven group cross section library in CITATION format for TRIGA LEU Fuel. This presentation deals with the 'generation of a cross section library for the CITATION and its validation. We used WIMSD-5B version for the generation of all group constants. The overall strategy is: (1) use WIMS package to generate few group neutron macroscopic cross section (cell constants) for all of the materials in the core and its immediate neighborhood (2) use 3-D code CITATION to perform the global analysis of the core to study: multiplication factor, neutron flux distribution and power peaking factors. Various options available in WIMS program were studied in depth to finalize the models to generate the most appropriate group constants. For the global analysis the code CITATION and a post processing program FCAP were chosen. Thus a seven group cross section library for the calculations of TRIGA Research Reactor was generated. To investigate the validity of the generated library a critical experiment of the TRIGA research reactor was benchmarked. (author)

  13. HTR-PROTEUS benchmark calculations. Pt. 1. Unit cell results LEUPRO-1 and LEUPRO-2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hogenbirk, A.; Stad, R.C.L. van der; Janssen, A.J.; Klippel, H.T.; Kuijper, J.C.

    1995-09-01

    In the framework of the IAEA Co-ordinated Research Programme (CRP) on 'Validation of Safety Related Physics Calculations for Low-Enriched (LEU) HTGRs' calculational benchmarks are performed on the basis of LEU-HTR pebble-bed critical experiments carried out in the PROTEUS facility at PSI, Switzerland. Of special interest is the treatment of the double heterogeneity of the fuel and the spherical fuel elements of these pebble bed core configurations. Also of interest is the proper calculation of the safety related physics parameters like the effect of water ingress and control rod worth. This document describes the ECN results of the LEUPRO-1 and LEUPRO-2 unitcell calculations performed with the codes WIMS-E, SCALE-4 and MCNP4A. Results of the LEUPRO-1 unit cell with 20% water ingress in the void is also reported for both the single and the double heterogeneous case. Emphasis is put on the intercomparison of the results obtained by the deterministic codes WIMS-E and SCALE-4, and the Monte Carlo code MCNP4A. The LEUPRO whole core calculations will be reported later. (orig.)

  14. Analysis Of Temperature Effects On Reactivity Of The Rsg-Gas Core Using Silicide Fuels

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Surbakti, Tukiran; Pinem, Surian

    2001-01-01

    RSG-GAS has been operating using new silicide fuels so that it is necessary to estimate and to measure the effect of temperature on reactivity of the core. The parameters to be determined due to temperature effect are reactivity coefficient of moderator temperature, temperature coefficient of fuel element and power reactivity coefficient. By doing a couple compensation method, determination of reactivity coefficient as well as the reactivity coefficient of moderator temperature can be obtained. Furthermore, coefficient of the reactivity was successfully estimated using the combination of WIMS-D4 and Batan-2DIFF. The cell calculation was done by using WIMS-D4 code to get macroscopic cross section and Batan-2DIFF code is used for core calculation. The calculation and experimental results of reactivity coefficient do not show any deviation from RSG-GAS safety margin. The results are -2,84 sen/ o C, -1,29 sen/MW and -0,64 sen/ o C for reactivity coefficients of temperature, power, fuel element and moderator temperature, respectively. All of 3 parameters are absolutely met with safety criteria

  15. Reference Monte Carlo calculations of Maria reactor core

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Andrzejewski, K.; Kulikowska, T.

    2002-01-01

    The reference Monte Carlo calculations of MARIA reactor core have been carried to evaluate accuracy of the calculations at each stage of its neutron-physics analysis using deterministic codes. The elementary cell has been calculated with two main goals; evaluation of effects of simplifications introduced in deterministic lattice spectrum calculations by the WIMS code and evaluation of library data in recently developed WIMS libraries. In particular the beryllium data of those libraries needed evaluation. The whole core calculations mainly the first MARIA critical experiment and the first critical core after the 8-year break in operation. Both cores contained only fresh fuel elements but only in the first critical core the beryllium blocks were not poisoned by Li-6 and He-3. Thus the MCNP k-eff results could be compared with the experiment. The MCNP calculations for the cores with beryllium poisoned suffered the deficiency of uncertainty in the poison concentration, but a comparison of power distribution shows that realistic poison levels have been carried out for the operating reactor MARIA configurations. (author)

  16. Methods and Model Development for Coupled RELAP5/PARCS Analysis of the Atucha-II Nuclear Power Plant

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ward, A.M.; Collins, B.S.; Xu, Y.; Downar, Th.J.; Madariaga, M.

    2011-01-01

    In order to analyze the steady state and transient behavior of CNA-II, several tasks were required. Methods and models were developed in several areas. HELIOS lattice models were developed and benchmarked against WIMS/MCNP5 results generated by NA-SA. Cross-sections for the coupled RELAP5/PARCS calculation were extracted from HELIOS within the Gen PMAXS framework. The validation of both HELIOS and PARCS was performed primarily by comparisons to WIMS/PUMA and MCNP for idealized models. Special methods were developed to model the control rods and boron injection systems of CNA-II. The insertion of the rods is oblique, and a special routine was added to PARCS to treat this effect. CFD results combined with specialized mapping routines were used to model the boron injection system. In all cases there was good agreement in the results which provided confidence in the neutronics methods and modeling. A coupled code benchmark between U of M and U of Pisa is ongoing and results are still preliminary. Under a LOCA transient, the best estimate behavior of the core appears to be acceptable

  17. Evoluzione e persistenza dell’iconografia di Primo Carnera nella cultura popolare italiana: mitopoiesi plebea e propaganda fascista

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Mottadelli

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available This essay focuses on the process of entrechment in the Italian collective imagination of the figure of Primo Carnera, World Heavyweight Champion from 1933 to 1934, and on the evolution of his image from the years of his first wins to the beginning of XXI century. More specifically, the essay makes visible how the mythization of Carnera had spontaneously developed long before the Italian press started to extol the successes of the boxer, and how the Fascism subsequently tried to appropriate the image of Carnera – modifying some of its fundamental traits – in order to use it as a powerful tool of regime’s propaganda, especially during the war years. In the end, the essay shows how the figure of Carnera regained favour after the fall of the fascist regime reappropriating (or, more rarely, being distorted of its original traits. The study has been carried out through the comparison of a selection of cartoons, caricatures and illustration from the popular press dedicated to Carnera, official portrayals of him during the fascist regime and comic books more or less expressely inspired by the figure of the boxer.

  18. Abdominal cryptococcosis in two dogs: diagnosis and medical management.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tangeman, Lindsay; Davignon, Danielle; Patel, Reema; Littman, Meryl

    2015-01-01

    Canine cryptococcosis cases are typically reported as neurologic, disseminated, or both. There have been few reports of other parenchymal organ involvement. Dogs infected with Cryptococcus spp. are likely to develop central nervous system involvement, and those that are severely affected are treated aggressively with surgery and/or amphotericin B. This report describes two cases of canine abdominal cryptococcosis: one boxer with primary alimentary cryptococcosis alone and one miniature schnauzer with pancreatic and disseminated cryptococcosis. The boxer is unique in that the dog suffered from primary alimentary cryptococcosis without dissemination, secondary anemia due to gastrointestinal losses, and is the second case to have Cryptococcus spp. identified on fecal examination as part of the diagnostic workup. Unlike previous reports, surgery was not performed in either case, and both dogs were treated with fluconazole alone. Currently, both dogs are free from clinical signs, and Cryptococcus spp. antigen titers are negative at 17 and 15 mo after initial presentation. These cases suggest fluconazole may be effective therapy alone for canine abdominal cryptococcosis, negating the need for high-risk therapy options such as surgery and/or amphotericin B in some cases.

  19. Processing of nuclear data for reactor applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Trkov, A.; Ravnik, M.

    1996-01-01

    A brief description is given of the processing and validation of nuclear data in connection with the TRX-1, TRX-2, BAPL-1 and BAPL-2 benchmarks of a/o thermal reactors and in connection with the JEF-1, JENDL-3 and WIMS libraries. Also, the validation of the WLUP results are briefly discussed. 8 refs, 5 tabs

  20. Uus poliitiline kriitika Ameerika filmis / Mathura

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Mathura, pseud., 1973-

    2006-01-01

    Uued USA mängufilmid, mis on kriitilised oma riigi agressiivse poliitika suhtes : "Süriaana" ("Syriana") : režissöör Stephen Gaghan, "München" ("Munich") : režissöör Steven Spielberg, "Kahuriliha" ("Jarhead") : režissöör Sam Mendes, "Küllusemaa" ("Land of Plenty") : režissöör Wim Wenders

  1. Prototheca zopfii genotype 2 disseminated infection in a dog with neurological signs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciana Sonne

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT: Prototheca zopfii is an alga that can cause disease in animals and humans. Here, we reported a case of systemic protothecosis in a 2-year-old female Boxer. The animal exhibited tetraparesis and vertical nystagmus. It died two weeks after the onset of clinical signs and was necropsied. At gross examination, whitish areas were identified in the heart. Oval or round structures were observed by microscopic examination, some of which formed morula-like structures compatible with algae in the heart, skeletal muscle, and brain. Growth of Prototheca sp. was observed in the heart after culture at 37°C on Sabouraud agar medium with chloramphenicol. Immunohistochemical analysis of the heart and brain using an anti-Prototheca zopfii polyclonal antibody yielded positive results. Genotyping of the cultured agent from brain and heart samples was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism of a specific 18S rDNA fragment. P. zopfii genotype 2 was reported to be the cause of disseminated protothecosis in this dog with manifestation in the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle.

  2. Thoracic and lumbar vertebral bone mineral density changes in a natural occurring dog model of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Steven De Decker

    Full Text Available Ankylosing spinal disorders can be associated with alterations in vertebral bone mineral density (BMD. There is however controversy about vertebral BMD in patients wuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH. DISH in Boxer dogs has been considered a natural occurring disease model for DISH in people. The purpose of this study was to compare vertebral BMD between Boxers with and without DISH. Fifty-nine Boxers with (n=30 or without (n=29 DISH that underwent computed tomography were included. Vertebral BMD was calculated for each thoracic and lumbar vertebra by using an earlier reported and validated protocol. For each vertebral body, a region of interest was drawn on the axial computed tomographic images at three separate locations: immediately inferior to the superior end plate, in the middle of the vertebral body, and superior to the inferior end plate. Values from the three axial slices were averaged to give a mean Hounsfield Unit value for each vertebral body. Univariate statistical analysis was performed to identify factors to be included in a multivariate model. The multivariate model including all dogs demonstrated that vertebral DISH status (Coefficient 24.63; 95% CI 16.07 to 33.19; p <0.001, lumbar vertebrae (Coefficient -17.25; 95% CI -23.42 to -11.09; p < 0.01, and to a lesser extent higher age (Coefficient -0.56; 95% CI -1.07 to -0.05; p = 0.03 were significant predictors for vertebral BMD. When the multivariate model was repeated using only dogs with DISH, vertebral DISH status (Coefficient 20.67; 95% CI, 10.98 to 30.37; p < 0.001 and lumbar anatomical region (Coefficient -38.24; 95% CI, -47.75 to -28.73; p < 0.001 were again predictors for vertebral BMD but age was not. The results of this study indicate that DISH can be associated with decreased vertebral BMD. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical importance and pathophysiology of this finding.

  3. Back to life – Exoskeletal finger-prosthesis in a semiprofessional boxer – limitations of reconstructive surgery in symbrachydactyly [Zurück ins Leben – Epithesenversorgung bei einer semiprofessionellen Boxerin – Limitationen der rekonstruktiven Chirurgie bei der Symbrachydaktylie

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jokuszies, Andreas

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available [english] We report an unusual case of an 18-year-old female semiprofessional boxer presenting with finger and nail deformity of the right hand after symbrachydactyly separation in childhood in whom we performed exoskeletal prosthesis for aesthetic reasons.Because of the complexity of finger deformities and limitation of surgical interventions exoskeletal prosthesis were performed.To evaluate a potential improvement of finger dexterity we performed the Nine Hole Peg Test. This is a simple and commercially available upper extremity functional assessment instrument. To evaluate the quality of life we performed the Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (, a questionnaire designed to examine a person’s perceived health status.The prosthesis provided an excellent aesthetic result and improvement of self-confidence. No functional improvement could be obtained in this special case as it is described in patients with finger amputations.Especially in women malformations of the hand and fingers are often associated with psychological impairments and social isolation. In this case and after surgery in childhood exoskeletal prostheses provide a useful option to improve the aesthetical outcome as well as quality of life.[german] Wir berichten über eine 18-jährige semiprofessionelle Boxerin mit Nagel- und Fingerdeformitäten der rechten Hand nach operativer Korrektur einer Symbrachydaktylie in der Kindheit. Zur Verbesserung des Erscheinungsbildes der rechten Hand erfolgte die Anpassung von Fingerepithesen.Die Anpassung der Epithesen erfolgte in diesem Fall aufgrund der limitierten chirurgischen Behandlungsoptionen und diente in erster Linie zur Verbesserung der Ästhetik und Steigerung des Selbstwertgefühls. Zur objektiven Messung der Fingerfertigkeit setzten wir den Nine Hole Peg Test ein. Dieser Test ist ein einfaches und kommerziell erhältliches Instrument zur funktionellen Messung im Bereich der oberen Gliedmaßen.Zur Erfassung der gesundheitsbezogenen

  4. On the importance of fast scattering data for aluminium in the interpretation results from H{sub 2}O moderated lattice experiments

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fayers, F J; Terry, M J [General Reactor Physics Division, Atomic Energy Establishment, Winfrith, Dorchester, Dorset (United Kingdom)

    1967-07-15

    Aluminium is often used as a structural material or fuel cladding in lattice experiments with light water moderators. In particular most of the experiments with regular rod lattices of plutonium fuel have contained significant quantities of aluminium. This report examines the importance of scattering data for aluminium in leakage calculations for light water systems. It is shown that some discrepancy exists between calculated plane moments and experimentally measured moments, which may be corrected by an 'ad hoc' adjustment of inelastic scattering data for aluminium. WIMS results are presented for some Battelle plutonium fuelled rod lattices, and it is shown that this adjustment of inelastic data leads to a noticeable correction for the predicted reactivities of these experiments. The influence of scattering data for aluminium on results for some other lattices of interest has been shown to be less important. (author)

  5. A review of the physics methods for advanced gas-cooled reactors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Buckler, A.N.

    1982-01-01

    A review is given of steady-state reactor physics methods and associated codes used in AGR design and operation. These range from the basic lattice codes (ARGOSY, WIMS), through homogeneous-diffusion theory fuel management codes (ODYSSEUS, MOPSY) to a fully heterogeneous code (HET). The current state of development of the methods is discussed, together with illustrative examples of their application. (author)

  6. TESHOM: a users manual

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Griffiths, J.

    1978-10-01

    The TESHOM code and its associated data format is widely used to provide input data for lattice codes. Through TESHOM one data deck can be used to provide input to the LATREP, WIMS and POWDERPUFS lattice codes. The data format is described in detail, some of the principles behind the design of the code and its limitations are noted. (author)

  7. Engineering Design Handbook. Military Vehicle Power Plant Cooling

    Science.gov (United States)

    1975-06-01

    conductivity of steel and, Indirect cooling is achieved by an interme- therefore, has a much higher heat transfer diary fluid that absorbs heat from...PROBABLZ - -- - - N PERFOEUMACE 0 t0 4 8 21 is s0 24 AIR DELIVEY,. CPU flo 1000-0- U.=rWIM-YEC0*4CAL " AYA OM". 7-6-59 F-igure 8-40. Cooling Fin

  8. Removing fuelling transient using neutron absorbers

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Paquette, S.; Chan, P.K.; Bonin, H.W., E-mail: Stephane.Paquette@rmc.ca [Royal Military College of Canada, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Dept., Kingston, Ontario (Canada); Pant, A. [Cameco Fuel Manufacturing, Port Hope, Ontario (Canada)

    2012-07-01

    Preliminary criticality and burnup calculation results indicate that by employing a small amount of neutron absorber the fuelling transient, currently occurring in a CANDU 37-element fuel bundle, can be significantly reduced. A parametric study using the Los Alamos National Laboratories' MCNP 5 code and Atomic Energy of Canada Limited's WIMS-AECL 3.1 is presented in this paper. (author)

  9. A validation study of the BURNUP and associated options of the MONTE CARLO neutronics code MONK5W

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Howard, E.A.

    1985-11-01

    This is a report on the validation of the burnup option of the Monte Carlo Neutronics Code MONK5W, together with the associated facilities which allow for control rod movements and power changes. The validation uses reference solutions produced by the Deterministic Neutronics Code LWR-WIMS for a 2D model which represents a whole reactor calculation with control rod movements. (author)

  10. Rock-hard coatings

    OpenAIRE

    Muller, M.

    2007-01-01

    Aircraft jet engines have to be able to withstand infernal conditions. Extreme heat and bitter cold tax coatings to the limit. Materials expert Dr Ir. Wim Sloof fits atoms together to develop rock-hard coatings. The latest invention in this field is known as ceramic matrix composites. Sloof has signed an agreement with a number of parties to investigate this material further.

  11. Matthew Murray Commissioned to photograph eyewear brands, Chanel, Giorgio Armani, Hugo Boss, Jean Paul Gaultier for a fashion story in i-D magazine

    OpenAIRE

    Murray, Matthew

    2004-01-01

    Matthew Murray Commissioned to photograph an editorial spread of a variety of designer sunglasses for a fashion spread in i-D Magazine. The brief - to shot a fashion piece with a clear fashion narrative, using the personal photographic style of Matthew Murray. The models cast are everyday people - street cast and include a drag artist, a policeman, a hairdresser, a care assistant with her boxer dogs among others.

  12. Integrating Recycled Glass Cullet in Asphalt Roof Shingles to Mitigate Heat Island Effect

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-05-01

    The roof covering provides water shedding and ultraviolet protection, and there are six generic classifications roof coverings: asphalt shingles, clay ...M. N. Assimakopou, and G. Mihalakakou. 2011. "Solar cooling with aluminium pillared clays ." Elsevier, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 95 2363...Fallon, where he completed a deployment onboard the USS BOXER (LHD 4) to Guatemala, El Salvador, and Peru in support of the humanitarian and civic

  13. On the biomechanical analysis of the calories expended in a straight boxing jab.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zohdi, T I

    2017-04-01

    Boxing and related sports activities have become a standard workout regime at many fitness studios worldwide. Oftentimes, people are interested in the calories expended during these workouts. This note focuses on determining the calories in a boxer's jab, using kinematic vector-loop relations and basic work-energy principles. Numerical simulations are undertaken to illustrate the basic model. Multi-limb extensions of the model are also discussed. © 2017 The Author(s).

  14. Electromagnetism Mechanism for Enhancing the Refueling Cycle Length of a WWER-1000

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Navid Poursalehi

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available Increasing the operation cycle length can be an important goal in the fuel reload design of a nuclear reactor core. In this research paper, a new optimization approach, electromagnetism mechanism (EM, is applied to the fuel arrangement design of the Bushehr WWER-1000 core. For this purpose, a neutronic solver has been developed for calculating the required parameters during the reload cycle of the reactor. In this package, two modules have been linked, including PARCS v2.7 and WIMS-5B codes, integrated in a solver for using in the fuel arrangement optimization operation. The first results of the prepared package, along with the cycle for the original pattern of Bushehr WWER-1000, are compared and verified according to the Final Safety Analysis Report and then the results of exploited EM linked with Purdue Advanced Reactor Core Simulator (PARCS and Winfrith Improved Multigroup Scheme (WIMS codes are reported for the loading pattern optimization. Totally, the numerical results of our loading pattern optimization indicate the power of the EM for this problem and also show the effective improvement of desired parameters for the gained semi-optimized core pattern in comparison to the designer scheme.

  15. Electromagnetism mechanism for enhancing the refueling cycle length of a WWER-1000

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Poursalehi, Navid; Nejati-Zadeh, Mostafa; Minuchehr, Abdolhamid [Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

    2017-02-15

    Increasing the operation cycle length can be an important goal in the fuel reload design of a nuclear reactor core. In this research paper, a new optimization approach, electromagnetism mechanism (EM), is applied to the fuel arrangement design of the Bushehr WWER-1000 core. For this purpose, a neutronic solver has been developed for calculating the required parameters during the reload cycle of the reactor. In this package, two modules have been linked, including PARCS v2.7 and WIMS-5B codes, integrated in a solver for using in the fuel arrangement optimization operation. The first results of the prepared package, along with the cycle for the original pattern of Bushehr WWER-1000, are compared and verified according to the Final Safety Analysis Report and then the results of exploited EM linked with Purdue Advanced Reactor Core Simulator (PARCS) and Winfrith Improved Multigroup Scheme (WIMS) codes are reported for the loading pattern optimization. Totally, the numerical results of our loading pattern optimization indicate the power of the EM for this problem and also show the effective improvement of desired parameters for the gained semi-optimized core pattern in comparison to the designer scheme.

  16. TRIGLAV-W a Windows computer program package with graphical users interface for TRIGA reactor core management calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zagar, T.; Zefran, B.; Slavic, S.; Snoj, L.; Ravnik, M.

    2006-01-01

    TRIGLAV-W is a program package for reactor calculations of TRIGA Mark II research reactor cores. This program package runs under Microsoft Windows operating system and has new friendly graphical user interface (GUI). The main part of the package is the TRIGLAV code based on two dimensional diffusion approximation for flux distribution calculation. The new GUI helps the user to prepare the input files, runs the main code and displays the output files. TRIGLAV-W has a user friendly GUI also for the visualisation of the calculation results. Calculation results can be visualised using 2D and 3D coloured graphs for easy presentations and analysis. In the paper the many options of the new GUI are presented along with the results of extensive testing of the program. The results of the TRIGLAV-W program package were compared with the results of WIMS-D and MCNP code for calculations of TRIGA benchmark. TRIGLAV-W program was also tested using several libraries developed under IAEA WIMS-D Library Update Project. Additional literature and application form for TRIGLAV-W program package beta testing can be found at http://www.rcp.ijs.si/triglav/. (author)

  17. Methods and Model Development for Coupled RELAP5/PARCS Analysis of the Atucha-II Nuclear Power Plant

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrew M. Ward

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available In order to analyze the steady state and transient behavior of CNA-II, several tasks were required. Methods and models were developed in several areas. HELIOS lattice models were developed and benchmarked against WIMS/MCNP5 results generated by NA-SA. Cross-sections for the coupled RELAP5/PARCS calculation were extracted from HELIOS within the GenPMAXS framework. The validation of both HELIOS and PARCS was performed primarily by comparisons to WIMS/PUMA and MCNP for idealized models. Special methods were developed to model the control rods and boron injection systems of CNA-II. The insertion of the rods is oblique, and a special routine was added to PARCS to treat this effect. CFD results combined with specialized mapping routines were used to model the boron injection system. In all cases there was good agreement in the results which provided confidence in the neutronics methods and modeling. A coupled code benchmark between U of M and U of Pisa is ongoing and results are still preliminary. Under a LOCA transient, the best estimate behavior of the core appears to be acceptable.

  18. Transient thermal-hydraulic/neutronic analysis in a VVER-1000 reactor core

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Seyed khalil Mousavian; Mohammad Mohsen Ertejaei; Majid Shahabfar

    2005-01-01

    Full text of publication follows: Nowadays, coupled thermal-hydraulic and three-dimensional neutronic codes in order to consider different feedback effects is state of the art subject in nuclear engineering researches. In this study, RELAP5/COBRA and WIMS/CITATION codes are implemented to investigate the VVER-1000 reactor core parameters during Large Break Loss of Coolant Accident (LB-LOCA). In a LB-LOCA, the primary side pressure, coolant density and fuel temperature strongly decrease but the cladding temperature experiences a strong peak. For this purpose, the RELAP5 Best Estimate (BE) system code is used to simulate the LB-LOCA analysis in VVER-1000 nuclear thermal-hydraulic loops. Also, the modified COBRA-IIIc software as a sub-channel analysis code is applied for modeling of VVER-1000 reactor core. Moreover, WIMS and CITATION as a cross section and 3-D neutron flux codes are coupled with thermal-hydraulic codes with the aim of consider the spatial effects through the reactor core. For this reason, suitable software is developed to link and speed up the coupled thermalhydraulic and three-dimensional neutronic calculations. This software utilizes of external coupling concept in order to integrate thermal-hydraulic and neutronic calculations. (authors)

  19. [From boxing to geriatric psychiatry : Facets from the work of East German social psychiatrist Bernhard Schwarz (1918-1991)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bart, K; Steinberg, H

    2017-11-29

    For the first time, this study presents publications representative for the work of the neurologist and sports physician Bernhard Schwarz, whose career spans from the 1950s to the 1970s. His work is characterized by exceptional originality. Schwarz acted as the physician of the GDR national boxing team and conducted a systematic long-term study of 800 boxers. He found increased occurrences of depression, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and suggested that these were linked to recurring craniocerebral injury. He was concerned about avoiding such long-term health effects in boxers and suggested a range of preventive measures that were later reflected in the guidelines of international boxing associations. Schwarz was distinguished by his drive to directly implement social psychiatric approaches in the hospital. As head of the psychiatric clinic at Leipzig University, he initiated a club for geriatric patients to help older patients with the problematic transition from hospitalization to outpatient assistance at home. Influenced by holistic anthropological thinking, he regarded geriatric mental illness as a consequence of social isolation. In addition, Schwarz was involved in a model project that assessed the work resilience of patients in the hospital with the goal of optimizing psychiatric rehabilitation. Both projects were successes, according to his published accounts.

  20. Pushing through evolution? Incidence and fight records of left-oriented fighters in professional boxing history.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Loffing, Florian; Hagemann, Norbert

    2015-05-01

    The fighting hypothesis proposes that left-oriented athletes enjoy a negative frequency-dependent advantage in combat sports such as boxing. Supporting evidence, however, is restricted to cross-sectional frequency data from small samples. Here, we examined the incidence and fight records of 2,403 left- and right-oriented fighters who were listed in the annual ratings of professional boxing from 1924 to 2012. Unexpectedly, left-oriented boxers were overrepresented in no more than 7 of the 89 years considered, their percentages varied up to 30% and increased over the entire period, and frequencies varied substantially between weight divisions. In support of the fighting hypothesis, lose-win ratios indicated larger fighting strength in left- compared to right-oriented boxers, which, however, was not reflected in different proportions of wins and losses by knockout. Our findings are partly consistent with an assumed left-oriented fighters' advantage in combat sports. Such advantage could be explained by negative frequency-dependent selection mechanisms; however, our study also revealed potential limits of the fighting hypothesis such that alternative explanations cannot be fully excluded. We propose that interference by factors not related to performance could also limit the suitability of data from elite sporting competition for testing evolutionary models of human handedness.

  1. Validation the methodology calculate critical position of control rods to the critical facility IPEN/MB-01

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lopez Aldama, D.; Rodriguez Gual, R.

    1998-01-01

    Presently work intends to validate the models and programs used in the Nuclear Technology Center for calculating the critical position of control rods by means of the analysis of the measurements performed at the critical facility IPEN/MB-01. The lattice calculations were carried out with the WIMS/D4 code and for the global calculations the diffusion code SNAP-3D was used

  2. Wild Bulls, Discarded Foreigners, and Brash Champions: US Empire and the Cultural Constructions of Argentine Boxers Toros salvajes, extranjeros descartados y campeones insolentes: Estados Unidos y la construcción cultural de los boxeadores argentinos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Shenin

    2008-09-01

    .0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;}

    With the exception of Hollywood films, there has been no more intense point of cultural contact between Argentina and the United States than boxing. This article considers two intertwined topics. The first is the construction of the imagery of Argentine boxers in the United States and the varieties of Argentine boxers’ immigrant experience in North America. Second, this article will argue that the presence of Argentine boxers in the United States forged a sense in Argentina that the former were leading actors on the American boxing scene. This, in turn, shaped Argentine boxing cultures and self images.

  1. WIMSCORE

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bartal, Y.; Yiftah, S.

    1983-01-01

    A code was developed for producing group constants and other data needed for reactor core burnup calculations. The code named WIMSCORE gets its input from WIMS output files and evaluates it to be served as input to the diffusion-burnup codes TDB, TRITON and CITATION. The purpose of this code is to facilitate the automation of data transfer between codes which is otherwise a very time-consuming and bound-to-error process. (author)

  2. An Arctic Ice/Ocean Coupled Model with Wave Interactions

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-09-30

    discussed by DRI participants may aid our understanding as well, e.g. those conducted in the Hamburg Ship Model Basin. Our theoretical advances benefit...the project are – continued modifications to the Arctic wide WIM code in association with advances relating to a new ice/ocean model known as... Auckland , December 2014. Montiel, F. Transmission of ocean waves through a row of randomly perturbed circular ice floes. Minisymposium on Wave Motions of

  3. Probability Based Evaluation of Vehicular Bridge Load using Weigh-in-Motion Data

    OpenAIRE

    Widi Nugraha; Indra Djati Sidi

    2016-01-01

    Load and Resistance Factored Design (LRFD) method for designing bridge in Indonesia have been implemented for more than 25 years. LRFD method treating loads and strengths variables as random variables with specific safety factors for different loads and strengths variables type. The nominal loads, load factors, reduction factors, and other criteria for bridge design code can be determined to meet the reliability criteria. Statistical data of weigh-in-motion (WIM) vehicular loads measurement i...

  4. Osnovi ! gradniki kondicijske priprave boksarja:

    OpenAIRE

    Korsika, Žiga

    2014-01-01

    The purpose of this article is to introduce a view on boxing, based on biomechanical and physiological analysis of movement with the help of expert literature It highlights the more important aspects of load and effort, which include endurance, power and speed, that suggest a way in which boxers should supplement technical-tactical training in order to better their competitive ability. Namen tega članka je s pomočjo strokovne literature predstaviti pogled na obremenitev in napor v boksu, k...

  5. Documentation for WIMSD-formatted libraries based on ENDF/B-VII.1 evaluated nuclear data files with extended actinide burn-up chains and cross section data up to 2000 K for fuel materials

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    López Aldama, Daniel

    2014-11-01

    In the frame of WIMS Library Update Project the WIMSD-IAEA-69 and WIMSD-IAEA-172 libraries were prepared and made available at the Nuclear Data Section (NDS) of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The main libraries were prepared from different sources of evaluated nuclear data that were available before December 2003. Also others WIMSD libraries were prepared from the major evaluated nuclear data libraries and made available at http://www-nds.iaea.org/wimsd. During the last ten years new libraries have been prepared every time that a major version of an evaluated nuclear data library has been released, namely JEFF-3.1 and ENDF/B-VII.0. Recently, end-users have requested to extend the temperature ranges of fuel materials included in the libraries and also to extend the burn-up chains to higher actinides up to Cf-254. The inclusion of new structural materials, like bismuth, has been also considered. Therefore, new WIMSD-formatted libraries in the 69- and 172-energy structure have been prepared with more materials, extended actinides burn-up chains and higher temperatures in thermal and resonance range

  6. Advanced Wide-Field Interferometric Microscopy for Nanoparticle Sensing and Characterization

    Science.gov (United States)

    Avci, Oguzhan

    Nanoparticles have a key role in today's biotechnological research owing to the rapid advancement of nanotechnology. While metallic, polymer, and semiconductor based artificial nanoparticles are widely used as labels or targeted drug delivery agents, labeled and label-free detection of natural nanoparticles promise new ways for viral diagnostics and therapeutic applications. The increasing impact of nanoparticles in bio- and nano-technology necessitates the development of advanced tools for their accurate detection and characterization. Optical microscopy techniques have been an essential part of research for visualizing micron-scale particles. However, when it comes to the visualization of individual nano-scale particles, they have shown inadequate success due to the resolution and visibility limitations. Interferometric microscopy techniques have gained significant attention for providing means to overcome the nanoparticle visibility issue that is often the limiting factor in the imaging techniques based solely on the scattered light. In this dissertation, we develop a rigorous physical model to simulate the single nanoparticle optical response in a common-path wide-field interferometric microscopy (WIM) system. While the fundamental elements of the model can be used to analyze nanoparticle response in any generic wide-field imaging systems, we focus on imaging with a layered substrate (common-path interferometer) where specular reflection of illumination provides the reference light for interferometry. A robust physical model is quintessential in realizing the full potential of an optical system, and throughout this dissertation, we make use of it to benchmark our experimental findings, investigate the utility of various optical configurations, reconstruct weakly scattering nanoparticle images, as well as to characterize and discriminate interferometric nanoparticle responses. This study investigates the integration of advanced optical schemes in WIM with two

  7. Discharge Burnup Evaluation of Natural Uranium Loaded CANFLEX-43 Fuel Bundle

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roh, Gyu Hong; Kim, Yong Hee; Kim, Won Young; Park, Joo Hwan

    2009-11-01

    Using WIMS-AECL code, which is 2-dimensional lattice core used in CANDU physics calculation, the discharge burnup of the natural uranium loaded CANFLEX-43 fuel bundle was evaluated by comparing the discharge burnup of standard 37 element fuel bundle. When the discharge burnup of the standard 37 element fuel is 7,200 MWd/MTU, that of the CANFLEX 43 fuel bundle was evaluated as 7,077 MWd/MTU, by applying the same lattice conditions for both fuel bundles

  8. Preparation of processed nuclear data libraries for thermal, fast and fusion research and power reactor applications. Texts of papers presented at the IAEA consultants' meeting

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ganesan, S.

    1996-04-01

    The report contains 12 papers on nuclear data processing activities in Algeria, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, the Netherlands, Russia, Slovenia, United Kingdom, U.S.A., including ENDF formatted nuclear data libraries and computer code systems such as NJOY, AMPX, NSLINK, MCNP, multigroup data schemes such as WIMS, ABBN, and others. The role of the IAEA Nuclear Data Section in the establishment of nuclear data centers in developing countries is reviewed. (author). Refs, figs, tabs

  9. On the thermal scattering law data for reactor lattice calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Trkov, A.; Mattes, M.

    2004-01-01

    Thermal scattering law data for hydrogen bound in water, hydrogen bound in zirconium hydride and deuterium bound in heavy water have been re-evaluated. The influence of the thermal scattering law data on critical lattices has been studied with detailed Monte Carlo calculations and a summary of results is presented for a numerical benchmark and for the TRIGA reactor benchmark. Systematics for a large sequence of benchmarks analysed with the WIMS-D lattice code are also presented. (author)

  10. The Well-Being of Service Members and Veterans in the Light of Life-Quality Surveys in Poland

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-04-01

    04-141 Warszawa POLAND E-mail: ilnickis@wim.mil.pl hdziewulski@gmail.com ABSTRACT The paper refers to the vast field of human effectiveness...ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Military Medical Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Combat Stress ul.Szaserów 128 04-141 Warszawa POLAND...REFERENCES [1] Krzysztof Zagórski, Jak się nam żyje?, Raport z badań Centrum Badania Opinii Społecznej – CBOS, Warszawa 2008. [2] System of

  11. Areeni aasta albumid 2004. Personaalsed tipud / Erkki Tero

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tero, Erkki

    2007-01-01

    Heliplaatidest: Vaiko Eplik ja Eliit "2: Aastaajad", LCD Soundsystem "Sound of Silver", Arcade Fire "Neon Bible", M.I.A "Kala", Burial "Untrue", Chalice "Taevas ja Perse", Panda Bear "Person Pitch", Ans. Andur "Topeltvikerkaar", Animal Collective "Strawberry Jam", PJ Harvey "White Chalk", Devendra Banhart "Smokey Rolls Down The Thunder Canyon", Kreatiivmootor "Irratsionaalne", Holy Fuck "LP", 3 Pead "Ilusaim heli", Throbbing Gristle "Part Two: The Endless Not", Battles "Mirrored", Kings Of Leon "Because of the Times", Robert Wyatt "Comicopera", National "Boxer", Simian Mobile Disco "Attack Decay Sustain Release"

  12. Design and development of weld inspection manipulator for reactor pressure vessel of TAPS-1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chatterjee, H.; Singh, J.P.; Ranjon, R.; Kulkarni, M.P.; Patel, R.J.

    2013-01-01

    The reactor pressure vessel (RPV) of TAPS-1 BWR contains six longitudinal and four circumferential welds. Periodical in-service inspection of these weld joints has been a regulatory issue pending for long. In the 22 nd refuelling outage in July 2012 the inspection of L1-1, L1-2 longitudinal welds as well as their junctions with C1 circumferential weld were proposed to be done using ultrasonic technique. Approaching these welds from OD side of the RPV is a difficult and tedious task. Therefore it was decided to examine these welds from ID side of the RPV by filling the cavity with water and approaching the RPV from top. No technology was locally available to take the probes at a depth of 10-12 m under water. NPCIL approached RTD, BARC to develop an underwater manipulator to accomplish this task. RTD took up this work as a challenge and came out with the design of manipulator. The weld inspection manipulator (WIM) was fabricated on a war foot basis, tested and successfully implemented in the reactor for the first time in TAPS history. The entire activity was completed in three months time. This article gives the details of design, manufacturing, performance testing, qualification trials and implementation of WIM in the reactor. Ultrasonic testing techniques were developed by QAD, BARC which are not covered in this article. (author)

  13. Short interspersed elements (SINEs) are a major source of canine genomic diversity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Wei; Kirkness, Ewen F

    2005-12-01

    SINEs are retrotransposons that have enjoyed remarkable reproductive success during the course of mammalian evolution, and have played a major role in shaping mammalian genomes. Previously, an analysis of survey-sequence data from an individual dog (a poodle) indicated that canine genomes harbor a high frequency of alleles that differ only by the absence or presence of a SINEC_Cf repeat. Comparison of this survey-sequence data with a draft genome sequence of a distinct dog (a boxer) has confirmed this prediction, and revealed the chromosomal coordinates for >10,000 loci that are bimorphic for SINEC_Cf insertions. Analysis of SINE insertion sites from the genomes of nine additional dogs indicates that 3%-5% are absent from either the poodle or boxer genome sequences--suggesting that an additional 10,000 bimorphic loci could be readily identified in the general dog population. We describe a methodology that can be used to identify these loci, and could be adapted to exploit these bimorphic loci for genotyping purposes. Approximately half of all annotated canine genes contain SINEC_Cf repeats, and these elements are occasionally transcribed. When transcribed in the antisense orientation, they provide splice acceptor sites that can result in incorporation of novel exons. The high frequency of bimorphic SINE insertions in the dog population is predicted to provide numerous examples of allele-specific transcription patterns that will be valuable for the study of differential gene expression among multiple dog breeds.

  14. Retrospective analysis of co-occurrence of congenital aortic stenosis and pulmonary artery stenosis in dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kander, M; Pasławska, U; Staszczyk, M; Cepiel, A; Pasławski, R; Mazur, G; Noszczyk-Nowak, A

    2015-01-01

    The study has focused on the retrospective analysis of cases of coexisting congenital aortic stenosis (AS) and pulmonary artery stenosis (PS) in dogs. The research included 5463 dogs which were referred for cardiological examination (including clinical examination, ECG and echocardiography) between 2004 and 2014. Aortic stenosis and PS stenosis were detected in 31 dogs. This complex defect was the most commonly diagnosed in Boxers - 7 dogs, other breeds were represented by: 4 cross-breed dogs, 2 Bichon Maltais, 3 Miniature Pinschers, 2 Bernese Mountain Dogs, 2 French Bulldogs, and individuals of following breeds: Bichon Frise, Bull Terrier, Czech Wolfdog, German Shepherd, Hairless Chinese Crested Dog, Miniature Schnauzer, Pug, Rottweiler, Samoyed, West Highland White Terrier and Yorkshire Terrier. In all the dogs, the murmurs could be heard, graded from 2 to 5 (on a scale of 1-6). Besides, in 9 cases other congenital defects were diagnosed: patent ductus arteriosus, mitral valve dysplasia, pulmonary or aortic valve regurgitation, tricuspid valve dysplasia, ventricular or atrial septal defect. The majority of the dogs suffered from pulmonary valvular stenosis (1 dog had supravalvular pulmonary artery stenosis) and subvalvular aortic stenosis (2 dogs had valvular aortic stenosis). Conclusions and clinical relevance - co-occurrence of AS and PS is the most common complex congenital heart defect. Boxer breed was predisposed to this complex defect. It was found that coexisting AS and PS is more common in male dogs and the degree of PS and AS was mostly similar.

  15. Prohibiting Headgear for Safety in Amateur Boxing? Opinion of the Canadian Boxing Community: an Online Poll.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dickinson, Philip; Rempel, Philip

    In 2013, the Amateur International Boxing Association (AIBA) introduced a rule banning headgear for male-senior open class boxers during competition. The AIBA has defended the rule change as motivated by safety and supported by internal unpublished studies. As a result, in 2018, the AIBA plans to universally prohibit headgear in competition: for all competitors (male and female), all ages and all levels. Within Canada, this ruling has generated controversy in the boxing community, yet there has been no overall measure of opinion. To address this, we instituted a voluntary, anonymous, online open-access poll to allow members of the boxing community to express their stance on headgear use in competition. In total, 636 responses were received. A total of 71.5 % of Canadian respondents believed headgear should be mandatory at all levels. Only 5.8 % agreed that headgear should be prohibited, as planned for 2018. Estimating results on a representative breakdown of boxing membership in Canada, a similar pattern emerged, whereby 68.2 % concurred with mandatory headgear while only 4.95 % supported its prohibition. Parents of boxers were almost unanimously against banning headgear, stating they would change sports as a result. Similarly, only 1.7 % of women believed headgear should be prohibited. The consensus of the Canadian boxing community largely opposes the rule changes that the AIBA has implemented. The results highlight risks posed to the long-term viability of the sport, if significant grassroots safety concerns are disregarded.

  16. Injury rates and risk factors in competitive professional boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zazryn, Tsharni R; McCrory, Paul R; Cameron, Peter A

    2009-01-01

    To determine injury rates and risk factors for injury in a cohort of professional boxers. Retrospective cohort design reporting on data collected for a fight statistics database maintained by the Professional Boxing and Combat Sports Board of Victoria, Australia. Data were extracted for the years January 1997 through June 2005. Victoria, Australia. 545 professional boxers (age, 18 to 43 years) who participated in a total of 907 fights over the study period. Independent variables under investigation included age, gender, weight, bout exposure, and location of the bout (within or outside of the State of Victoria). Physician-reported acute boxing injuries occurring during bouts of any region or nature. 214 injuries were sustained over the 8.5 years, corresponding to an injury rate of 23.6 per 100 professional fights. The majority of these injuries were lacerations to the head and face. An increasing age and an increasing number of fights were both significant predictors of injury. Injury reduction strategies for professional boxing might include restrictions of eligibility to fight based on age and boxing bout exposure. Future research using prospective cohort designs and standardized injury definitions are needed to confirm these results. Greater mechanistic detail and more complete data entry are necessary to ensure that optimal injury prevention strategies can be developed and implemented. Upon confirmation of the results of this study, the Professional Boxing and Combat Sports Board of Victoria may consider different criteria upon which to sanction a fight.

  17. Standards and interdisciplinary treatment of boxing injuries of the head in professional boxing on the basis of an IBF World Championship Fight.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dragu, Adrian; Unglaub, Frank; Radomirovic, Sinisa; Schnürer, Stefan; Wagner, Walter; Horch, Raymund E; Hell, Berthold

    2010-12-01

    Boxing injuries are well known in hobby boxing as well as in professional boxing. Especially in professional boxing it is of great importance to implement and follow prevention-, diagnosis- and therapy-standards in order to prevent or at least to minimize injuries of the athlete. The utmost aim would be to establish international prevention-, diagnosis- and therapy-standards for boxing injuries in professional boxing. However, this aim is on a short run unrealistic, as there are too many different professional boxing organisations with different regulations. A realistic short term aim would be to develop a national standard in order to unify the management and medical treatment of boxing injuries in professional boxing. We present the management and interdisciplinary treatment of a professional boxer with a bilateral open fracture of the mandible during a middle weight IBF World Championship Fight. On the basis of this case we want to present and discuss the possibilities of an interdisciplinary and successful medical treatment. In order to prevent or minimize boxing injuries of professional boxers, annual MRI-Scans of the head and neck have to be performed as prevention standard. Furthermore, neurocognitive tests must be performed on a regular basis. Boxing injuries in professional boxing need an interdisciplinary, unbiased and complex analysis directly at the boxing ring. The treatment of the injuries should be only performed in medical centres and thus under constant parameters. The needed qualifications must be learned in mandatory national licence courses of boxing physicians, referees and promoters.

  18. Current status and future developments of small and micro hydro in southern Africa

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Jonker Klunne, W

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available -1 Current status and future developments of small and micro hydro in southern Africa Wim Jonker Klunne Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) PO Box 395 Pretoria 0001 South Africa Introduction Small and micro hydropower... are renewable energy technologies that have large potential in the south- ern African region, both for grid and off-grid applications. Within the region a good understanding exists on the potential for large scale hydro with a substantial number of plants...

  19. The CORSYS neutronics code system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Caner, M.; Krumbein, A.D.; Saphier, D.; Shapira, M.

    1994-01-01

    The purpose of this work is to assemble a code package for LWR core physics including coupled neutronics, burnup and thermal hydraulics. The CORSYS system is built around the cell code WIMS (for group microscopic cross section calculations) and 3-dimension diffusion code CITATION (for burnup and fuel management). We are implementing such a system on an IBM RS-6000 workstation. The code was rested with a simplified model of the Zion Unit 2 PWR. (authors). 6 refs., 8 figs., 1 tabs

  20. A brief outline of the proposed data/physics calculation scheme proposed for Dragon

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hunt, C.

    1974-10-15

    The paper describes the data handling system COSMOS, that was in current use at the Dounreay Prototype Fast Reactor (PFR), to provide a template for data handling for the Dragon Project wherein the Physics and Engineering Modules would be centered instead around the WIMS-E suite of codes which are more applicable to the HTR. The tailoring of COSMOS to Dragon needs and the adaption of UKAEA and existing Dragon codes to operate on the data interface would require considerable modification.

  1. Development of a computer code for Dalat research reactor transient analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Le Vinh Vinh; Nguyen Thai Sinh; Huynh Ton Nghiem; Luong Ba Vien; Pham Van Lam; Nguyen Kien Cuong

    2003-01-01

    DRSIM (Dalat Reactor SIMulation) computer code has been developed for Dalat reactor transient analysis. It is basically a coupled neutronics-hydrodynamics-heat transfer code employing point kinetics, one dimensional hydrodynamics and one dimensional heat transfer. The work was financed by VAEC and DNRI in the framework of institutional R and D programme. Some transient problems related to reactivity and loss of coolant flow was carried out by DRSIM using temperature and void coefficients calculated by WIMS and HEXNOD2D codes. (author)

  2. Retrospective study of ear findings of dogs submitted to cranial tomography in FMVZ - UNESP, Botucatu; Estudo retrospectivo dos achados otologicos de caes submetidos a tomografia craniana na FMVZ - UNESP, Botucatu

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Babicsak, Viviam Rocco; Oliveira, Hugo Salvador de; Belotta, Alexandra Frey; Santos, Debora Rodrigues dos; Zardo, Karen Maciel; Mamprim, Maria Jaqueline; Machado, Vania Maria de Vasconcelos; Vulcano, Luiz Carlos, E-mail: viviam.babicsak@gmail.com [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (FMVZ/UNESP), Botucatu, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia. Dept. de Reproducao Animal e Radiologia Veterinaria

    2012-07-01

    Computed tomography (CT) is an important imaging modality in the diagnosis of ear alterations, especially those affecting the middle ear. In this retrospective study, in which the cranial CT scans of 151 dogs were evaluated, the most common finding was the mineralization of the external auditory cartilage, followed by secretions in external and middle ear and tissue in these two regions. The average age of affected animals ranged from 6-9 years. Mixed breed dogs were the most affected animals, followed by cockers, boxers, poodles, labrador retrievers, german shepherds and pit bulls. (author)

  3. O grande navio de Amacon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Gonçalves Salvador

    1962-06-01

    Full Text Available C. R. Boxer já é bem conhecido através das obras que tem publicado, versando certos aspectos da história portuguêsa, re-lacionados com o Brasil e com o Oriente distante, especialmen-te. Lembraria, a propósito, os valiosos estudos: The Dutch in Brazil (1624-1654, Salvador Ide Sá and the Struggle for Brazil and Angola (1602-1686, Macao 300 years Ago, Fidalgos in the Far East, South China in the sixteenth century, e outros, de igual importância.

  4. Effects of Sparring Load on Reaction Speed and Punch Force During the Precompetition and Competition Periods in Boxing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hukkanen, Esa; Häkkinen, Keijo

    2017-06-01

    Seven, male, national-level boxers (age, 20.3 ± 2.7 years; height, 1.80 ± 0.06 m; mass, 73.8 ± 11.1 kg) participated in this study to investigate the effects of sparring on reaction time and punch force of straight punches measured during the precompetition and competition periods. Heart rate and blood lactate concentrations were also monitored. Sparring load was chosen in accordance with the current rules: 3 × 3-minute bouts with 1-minute break in between. Reaction time of rear straight lengthened (p boxing-specific and explosive strength training.

  5. ZZ CANDULIB-AECL, Burnup-Dependent ORIGEN-S Cross-Section Libraries for Candu Reactor Fuels

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2002-01-01

    1 - Historical background and information: - 28-element fuel cross-section library: Format: Designed for use with the ORIGEN-S isotope generation and depletion code. Materials: Co, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, I, Xe, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Lu, Ta, W, Re, Au, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm. Origin: ENDSF, ENDF/B-IV, -V and -VI Weighting spectrum: determined using WIMS-AECL transport code. - 37-element fuel cross-section library: Format: Designed for use with the ORIGEN-S isotope generation and depletion code. Materials: Co, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, I, Xe, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Lu, Ta, W, Re, Au, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm. Origin: ENDSF, ENDF/B-IV, -V and -VI Weighting spectrum: determined using WIMS-AECL transport code. In 1995, updated ORIGEN-S cross-section libraries were created as part of a program to upgrade and standardize the computer codes and nuclear data employed for used fuel characterization. This effort was funded through collaboration between Atomic Energy of Canada Limited and the Canadian Nuclear Power Utilities, under the Candu Owners Group (COG). The updated cross sections were generated using the WIMS-AECL lattice code and ENDF/B-V and -VI based data to provide cross section consistency with reactor physics codes. 2 - Application of the data: The libraries in this data collection are designed for characterising used fuel from Candu pressurized heavy water reactors. Two libraries are provided: one for the standard 28-element fuel bundle design, the other for the 37-element fuel bundle design. The libraries were generated for typical reactor operating conditions. The libraries are designed for use with the ORIGEN-S isotope generation and depletion code. 3 - Source and scope of data: The Candu libraries are updated with cross sections from a variety of different sources. Capture

  6. Uranium-fuel thermal reactor benchmark testing of CENDL-3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Ping

    2001-01-01

    CENDL-3, the new version of China Evaluated Nuclear Data Library are being processed, and distributed for thermal reactor benchmark analysis recently. The processing was carried out using the NJOY nuclear data processing system. The calculations and analyses of uranium-fuel thermal assemblies TRX-1,2, BAPL-1,2,3, ZEEP-1,2,3 were done with lattice code WIMSD5A. The results were compared with the experimental results, the results of the '1986'WIMS library and the results based on ENDF/B-VI. (author)

  7. Using of the Serpent code based on the Monte-Carlo method for calculation of the VVER-1000 fuel assembly characteristics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V. V. Galchenko

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available The description of calculation scheme of fuel assembly for preparation of few-group characteristics is considered with help of Serpent code. This code uses the Monte-Carlo method and energy continuous microscopic data libraries. Serpent code is devoted for calculation of fuel assembly characteristics, burnup calculations and preparation of few-group homogenized macroscopic cross-sections. The results of verification simulations in comparison with other codes (WIMS, HELIOS, NESSEL etc., which are used for neutron-physical analysis of VVER type fuel, are presented.

  8. GMS 3: A users manual for an improved generalised multigroup scheme using WDSN MK2 for the KDF9 computer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Barnett, M.R.; Ward, J.A.

    1968-08-01

    GMS 3 is an extension of GMS1 written for the KDF9 computer. An improved DSN routine has been incorporated, with consequent reduction in running time in many instances. Three alternative nuclear data libraries are now available, the latest of these being entirely consistent with that of WIMS. A treatment of neutron streaming in simple voids is now incorporated in the routine which prepares few-group macroscopic parameters. This report is primarily a Users Manual, but in addition includes details of theory and programming. (author)

  9. Calculations and selection of a TRIGA core for the Nuclear Reactor IAN-R1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Castiblanco, L.A.; Sarta, J.A.

    1997-01-01

    The Reactor Group used the code WIMS reduced to five groups of energy, together with the code CITATION, and evaluated four configurations for a core, according to the grid actually installed. The four configurations were taken from the two proposals presented to the Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares y Energias Alternativas by General Atomics Company. In this paper, the Authors selected the best configuration according to the performance of flux distribution and excess reactivity, for a TRIGA core to be installed in the Nuclear Reactor IAN-R1

  10. The European activation file EAF-4. Summary documentation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kopeckey, J.; Nierop, D.

    1995-12-01

    This report describes the contents of the fourth version of the European Activation File (EAF-4), containing cross-sections for neutron induced reactions (0-20 MeV energy range) primarily for use in fusion-reactor technology. However, it can be used in other applications as well. The starter was the file EAF-3.1. The present version contains cross section data for all target nuclides which have half-lives longer than 0.5 days extended by actinides up to and including fermium (Z=100). Corss sections to isomeric states are listed separately and if the isomers live longer than 0.5 day they are also included as targets. The library includes 764 target nuclides with 13,096 reactions with non-zero cross-sections (>10{sup -8} b) below 20 MeV. The library is available in point-wise data and multigroup constant data in four different energy group structures (GAM-2, VITAMIN-J, WIMS and XMAS). A complementary uncertainty file has been gereated for all reactions in one-energy group structure for threshold reactions and three-groups for (n, {gamma}) and (n, f) reactions. The error estimates for this file are adopted either form experimental information or from systematics. (orig.).

  11. Qualification of FEAST 3.0 and FEAT 4.0 computer codes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xu, Z.; Lai, L.; Sim, K.-S.; Huang, F.; Wong, B.

    2005-01-01

    FEAST (Finite Element Analysis for Stresses) is an AECL computer code used to assess the structural integrity of the CANDU fuel element. FEAST models the thermo-elastic, thermo-elasto-plastic and creep deformations in CANDU fuel. FEAT (Finite Element Analysis for Temperature) is another AECL computer code and is used to assess the thermal integrity of fuel elements. FEAT models the steady-state and transient heat flows in CANDU fuel, under conditions such as flux depression, end flux peaking, temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, and non-uniform time-dependent boundary conditions. Both computer programs are used in design and qualification analyses of CANDU fuel. Formal qualifications (including coding verification and validation) of both codes were performed, in accordance with AECL software quality assurance (SQA) manual and procedures that are consistent with CSA N286.7-99. Validation of FEAST 3.0 shows very good agreement with independent analytical solutions or measurements. Validation of FEAT 4.0 also shows very good agreement with independent WIMS-AECL calculations, analytical solutions, ANSYS calculations and measurement. (author)

  12. Qualification of FEAST 3.0 and FEAT 4.0 computer codes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Xu, Z.; Lai, L.; Sim, K.-S.; Huang, F.; Wong, B. [Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Mississauga, Ontario (Canada)

    2005-07-01

    FEAST (Finite Element Analysis for Stresses) is an AECL computer code used to assess the structural integrity of the CANDU fuel element. FEAST models the thermo-elastic, thermo-elasto-plastic and creep deformations in CANDU fuel. FEAT (Finite Element Analysis for Temperature) is another AECL computer code and is used to assess the thermal integrity of fuel elements. FEAT models the steady-state and transient heat flows in CANDU fuel, under conditions such as flux depression, end flux peaking, temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, and non-uniform time-dependent boundary conditions. Both computer programs are used in design and qualification analyses of CANDU fuel. Formal qualifications (including coding verification and validation) of both codes were performed, in accordance with AECL software quality assurance (SQA) manual and procedures that are consistent with CSA N286.7-99. Validation of FEAST 3.0 shows very good agreement with independent analytical solutions or measurements. Validation of FEAT 4.0 also shows very good agreement with independent WIMS-AECL calculations, analytical solutions, ANSYS calculations and measurement. (author)

  13. Obtaining incremental multigroup cross sections for CANDU super cells with reactivity devices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Balaceanu, V.; Constantin, M.

    2001-01-01

    In the last 20 years a multigroup methodology WIMS - PIJXYZ (WP) was developed and validated at INR Pitesti for obtaining incremental cross sections for reactivity devices in CANDU reactors. This is an alternate methodology to the CANDU classic methodology (experimentally adjusted) based on the POWDERPUFS and MULTICELL computer codes. The 2D supercell calculation performed with the WIMS code, that is a NEA Data Bank transport code, and which produces multigroup cross sections (on 18 energy groups) for CANDU supercell material (standard and perturbed, with and without reactivity devices). To obtain an as correct as possible 3D modelling for the CANDU supercells containing reactivity devices, the WIMS cross sections are used as input data for the PIJXYZ code, thus obtaining homogenized cross sections for CANDU supercells. PIJXYZ is an integral transport code based on the formalism of the first collision probabilities. It is analogue to the SHETAN code and it was created for neutron analyzes at cell level for CANDU type reactors were the reactivity devices are perpendicular to the fuel channels. The coordinate system used in PIJXYZ is a mixed one, namely a rectangular-cylindrical system. The geometric model used in PIJXYZ is presented. The fuel beam is represented by a horizontal cylinder and the reactivity device by a vertical one both cylinders being immersed in the moderator. Two supercell types were considered: a perturbed supercell (containing a reactivity device) and the standard supercell were the place of reactivity device is occupied by the moderator. The incremental cross sections for reactivity device are obtained as differences between the homogenized over supercell cross sections (with reactivity device) and homogenized over standards supercell (without device) cross sections. The PIJXYZ computation may be done on an energy cutting with 2 up to 18 groups. The validation of VIMS - PIJXYZ was done on the basis of several benchmark and by comparison with

  14. Consumption of unsafe food in the adjacent area of Hazaribag tannery campus and Buriganga River embankments of Bangladesh: heavy metal contamination.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Islam, G M Rabiul; Khan, Faysal Elahi; Hoque, Md Mozammel; Jolly, Yeasmin Nahar

    2014-11-01

    The concentrations of Cr, Cd, Pb, Hg, and As in water, poultry meat, fish, vegetables, and rice plants obtained from the area adjacent to the Hazaribag tannery campus, Dhaka, Bangladesh, were estimated and compared with permissible levels established by the WHO and FAO and levels reported previously by other authors. The metal contents were in the following order according to the concentration in contaminated irrigation water: Cr > Pb > As > Hg > Cd. Mean concentrations of Cr, Pb, Hg, and As in irrigated water were above the permissible levels, whereas the results were below the permissible levels for Cd. The metal concentrations in poultry meat, fish, rice, and vegetables were in the following orders: Pb > Cr > Cd > Hg > As, Pb > Cr > Cd > As > Hg, Pb > As, and Cr > Pb > Cd > As > Hg, respectively. The mean concentrations of metals in poultry meat, fish, rice, and vegetables were much higher than the permissible levels. The trends of weekly intake of heavy metals (WIMs) from poultry meat, fish, rice, and vegetables were as follows: Pb > Cr > Cd > Hg > As, Pb > Cr > Cd > As > Hg, Pb > As, and Cr > Pb > Cd > As > Hg, respectively. WIMs for all the metals were lower than the provisional maximum weekly intake recommended by WHO/FAO and USNAS.

  15. Reactivity effects of fission product decay in PWRs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aragones, J.M.; Ahnert, C.

    1988-01-01

    The purpose of the work reported in this paper is to analyze the effects of fission product chains with radioactive decay on the reactivity in pressurized water reactor (PWR) cores, calculating their accumulation and absorption rates along fuel burnup at continuous operation and after shutdown periods extending from 1 day to a few months. The authors PWR version of the WIMS-D4 code is first used to obtain the individual number densities, absorption rates, and averaged cross sections for every nuclide of the fission product chains with significant decay rates, as a function of fuel burnup at continuous irradiation. Next, by an auxiliary ad hoc code, these data, have been processed together with the required one for fissile nuclides and boron, also taken from WIMS at each burnup step, to calculate the average or effective values relevant for the analysis and the decay and change in overall absorption after several shutdown times. (1) The reactivity effect of fission product decay changes significantly with the shutdown time. The maximum absorption increase by decay is reached in ∼ 10 days' shutdown. (2) The dependence with fuel type, enrichment, and burnup is slight, but the change with previous power density is nearly linear, which might be significant after coast-down in previous cycles. (3) For long shutdown periods, the overall reactivity effect of decay in the three fission product chains considered is much less than if only the samarium peak due to 149 Nd is considered

  16. Esporotricose canina: relato de caso Canine sporotrichosis: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    N.T. Souza

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Relata-se um caso de esporotricose em um cão da raça Boxer, macho, com seis anos, encaminhado para uma consulta por causa de massa na região nasal e de dispneia. Após o exame físico, o animal foi internado para a realização de citologia, histologia e radiografia. Nos exames citológico e radiográfico, não foram constatadas alterações que justificassem a massa e a dispneia. Na histologia, observou-se a presença de um granuloma contendo dois esporos de Sporothrix schenckii. Foi realizado tratamento com itraconazol 5mg/kg BID por 60 dias. Após esse período, a massa desapareceu e a respiração do animal melhorou, tendo sido recomendada a manutenção da terapia por mais 30 dias, para evitar recidiva.A case of canine sporotrichosis was reported in a six-year-old male Boxer, referred to a veterinary hospital because of a mass in the region of the nose and dyspnea. After physical examination, the animal was submitted to cytological, histological, and radiographic exams. The cytological and radiographic exams showed no alterations that could justify the mass and the dyspnea. The histological exam showed the presence of a granuloma with two Sporothrix schenckii spores. The dog was treated with itraconazol 5mg/kg BID during 60 days. After this period, the mass disappeared and breathing improved. The therapy was maintained for 30 other days to avoid relapse.

  17. Generalized systemic cryptococcosis in a dog after immunosuppressive corticotherapy Criptococose sistêmica generalizada em cão após corticoterapia imunossupressora

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C.S. Honsho

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available A male Boxer dog aged 2 years and 11 months was referred to the veterinary hospital with a history of a gastrointestinal disorder of two months duration, with apathy, hyporexia, progressive weight loss and visual deficit. Ataxia and vocalization were observed during hospitalization. The animal had been treated previously with antibiotics and immunosuppressive doses of corticoids to control chronic inflammatory bowel disease. The dog died five days later. Gross and microscopic observations indicated systemic cryptococcosis. The alimentary tract, eyes, brain, kidneys, pancreas and lymph nodes were involved.Um cão da raça Boxer, macho, com 2 anos e 11 meses de idade foi encaminhado ao hospital veterinário com histórico de distúrbio gastroentérico de dois meses de duração, apatia, hiporexia, emagrecimento progressivo e deficiência visual. Ataxia e vocalização foram observadas posteriormente. O animal estava sendo tratado em outra clínica veterinária com antibióticos e doses imunossupressoras de corticóides, direcionados ao controle de provável enterite alimentar. A morte ocorreu após cinco dias. As observações macro e microscópica revelaram tratar-se de criptococose sistêmica, atingindo trato digestório, olhos, SNC, rins, pâncreas e linfonodos. O presente relato enfatiza a infecção fúngica criptocócica quanto aos seus aspectos grastrointestinais iniciais a serem considerados no diagnóstico clínico, ressaltando a imunossupressão induzida pela corticoterapia.

  18. [Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in dogs--pathological, clinical, diagnosis and genetic aspects].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Broschk, C; Distl, O

    2005-10-01

    Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heart disease which is often found in humans and animals. The age of onset of this progressive disease varies between 3 and 7 years of age. A juvenile form of DCM has been found in Portuguese Water Dogs and Doberman Pinscher Dogs. Some breeds such as Doberman pinscher, Newfoundland, Portuguese Water dog, Boxer, Great Dane, Cocker Spaniel and Irish Wolfhound exhibit a higher prevalence to DCM. There also seems to be a sex predisposition as male dogs are affected more often than female dogs and in Great Danes an X-linked recessive inheritance is likely. In Newfoundland and Boxer an autosomal dominant inheritance was found whereas an autosomal recessive inheritance was described in Portuguese Water Dogs. Atrial fibrillation as a cause or consequence of DCM is assumed for certain breeds. The causes of DCM are widely unknown in dogs. A genetic basis for this heart disease seems to exist. Apart from a few exceptions the mode of inheritance and the possible underlying gene mutations are not known for DCM in dogs. In humans mutations in several genes responsible for DCM have been identified. Comparative genetic analyses in dogs using genes causing DCM in men and a genome-wide scan with anonymus markers were not able to detect causative mutations or genomic regions harboring gene loci linked to DCM. The investigation of the genetic basis of canine DCM may lead to new insights into the pathogenesis of DCM and may result in new therapeutic approaches and breeding strategies.

  19. Validation of finite element code DELFIN by means of the zero power experiences at the nuclear power plant of Atucha I; Convalidacion del codigo DELFIN por medio de las experiencias a potencia cero de la central nuclear Atucha I

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Grant, C R [Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, San Martin (Argentina). Unidad de Actividad Reactores y Centrales Nucleares

    1997-12-31

    Code DELFIN, developed in CNEA, treats the spatial discretization using heterogeneous finite elements, allowing a correct treatment of the continuity of fluxes and currents among elements and a more realistic representation of the hexagonal lattice of the reactor. It can be used for fuel management calculation, Xenon oscillation and spatial kinetics. Using the HUEMUL code for cell calculation (which uses a generalized two dimensional collision probability theory and has the WIMS library incorporated in a data base), the zero power experiences performed in 1974 were calculated. (author). 8 refs., 9 figs., 3 tabs.

  20. Neutronic parameters calculations of a CANDU reactor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zamonsky, G.

    1991-01-01

    Neutronic calculations that reproduce in a simplified way some aspects of a CANDU reactor design were performed. Starting from some prefixed reactor parameters, cylindrical and uniform iron adjuster rods were designed. An appropriate refueling scheme was established, defininig in a 2 zones model their dimensions and exit burnups. The calculations have been done using the codes WIMS-D4 (cell), SNOD (reactivity device simulations) and PUMA (reactor). Comparing with similar calculations done with codes and models usually employed for CANDU design, it is concluded that the models and methods used are appropriate. (Author) [es

  1. The first acceleration to 300 GeV

    CERN Multimedia

    CERN PhotoLab

    1976-01-01

    After the acceleration to 80 GeV in May the 200 GeV energy was attained on June 4, followed by a successful attempt to reach 300 GeV and then 400 GeV by the Council session on June 17. Here at the desk (centre) Boris Milman and Bas de Raad, (right) Pat Mills and a machine operator. Then standing on the back Jacques Althaber, Simon Van der Meer, Hans-Peter Kindermann, Raymond Rausch, John Adams, Klaus Batzner, and still back Antonio Millich, Jim Allaby, Wim Middelkoop, Bo Angerth, Hans Horisberger.

  2. Calchulation of physical parameters of the subcritical assembly located in the higher Institute of Nuclear Sciences and Technology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Castaneda Donate, S.; Quintero, B.; Santos, J.

    1992-01-01

    A detailed calculation of the core is necessary to analyze the influence of the neutron source on the neutron flux in the subcritical assembly of the Higher Institute Nuclear Science and Technology. A new calculation methodology for the neutronic characteristics of the subcritical assembly is presented, based on the calculation tools available nowadays in our department (WIMS, SNAP, etc). The main results are: Neutron-physical constants of the reactor cells; absolute neutron flux distribution and an estimation of the adequate regions for detector location based on higher armonic terms influence

  3. Calculation of fundamental parameters for the dynamical study of TRIGA-3-Salazar reactor (Mixed reactor core)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Viais J, J.

    1994-01-01

    Kinetic parameters for dynamic study of two different configurations, 8 and 9, both with standard fuel, 20% enrichment and Flip (Fuel Life Improvement Program with 70% enrichment) fuel, for TRIGA Mark-III reactor from Mexico Nuclear Center, are obtained. A calculation method using both WIMS-D4 and DTF-IV and DAC1 was established, to decide which of those two configurations has the best safety and operational conditions. Validation of this methodology is done by calculate those parameters for a reactor core with new standard fuel. Configuration 9 is recommended to be use. (Author)

  4. The octopus burnup and criticality code system

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kloosterman, J.L.; Kuijper, J.C. [Netherlands Energy Research Foundation (ECN), Petten (Netherlands); Leege, P.F.A. de

    1996-09-01

    The OCTOPUS burnup and criticality code system is described. This system links the spectrum codes from the SCALE4.1, WIMS7 and MCNP4A packages to the ORIGEN-S and FISPACT4.2 fuel depletion and activation codes, which enables us to perform very accurate burnup calculations in complicated three-dimensional geometries. The data used by all codes are consistently based on the JEF2.2 evaluated nuclear data file. Some special features of OCTOPUS not available in other codes are described, as well as the validation of the system. (author)

  5. The OCTOPUS burnup and criticality code system

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kloosterman, J.L. [Netherlands Energy Research Foundation (ECN), Petten (Netherlands); Kuijper, J.C. [Netherlands Energy Research Foundation (ECN), Petten (Netherlands); Leege, P.F.A. de [Technische Univ. Delft (Netherlands). Interfacultair Reactor Inst.

    1996-06-01

    The OCTOPUS burnup and criticality code system is described. This system links the spectrum codes from the SCALE4.1, WIMS7 and MCNP4A packages to the ORIGEN-S and FISPACT4.2 fuel depletion and activation codes, which enables us to perform very accurate burnup calculations in complicated three-dimensional goemetries. The data used by all codes are consistently based on the JEF2.2 evaluated nuclear data file. Some special features of OCTOPUS not available in other codes are described, as well as the validation of the system. (orig.).

  6. The octopus burnup and criticality code system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kloosterman, J.L.; Kuijper, J.C.; Leege, P.F.A. de.

    1996-01-01

    The OCTOPUS burnup and criticality code system is described. This system links the spectrum codes from the SCALE4.1, WIMS7 and MCNP4A packages to the ORIGEN-S and FISPACT4.2 fuel depletion and activation codes, which enables us to perform very accurate burnup calculations in complicated three-dimensional geometries. The data used by all codes are consistently based on the JEF2.2 evaluated nuclear data file. Some special features of OCTOPUS not available in other codes are described, as well as the validation of the system. (author)

  7. The OCTOPUS burnup and criticality code system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kloosterman, J.L.; Kuijper, J.C.; Leege, P.F.A. de

    1996-06-01

    The OCTOPUS burnup and criticality code system is described. This system links the spectrum codes from the SCALE4.1, WIMS7 and MCNP4A packages to the ORIGEN-S and FISPACT4.2 fuel depletion and activation codes, which enables us to perform very accurate burnup calculations in complicated three-dimensional goemetries. The data used by all codes are consistently based on the JEF2.2 evaluated nuclear data file. Some special features of OCTOPUS not available in other codes are described, as well as the validation of the system. (orig.)

  8. IDE y geoportal del patrimonio de Calpe

    OpenAIRE

    MORALEDA LOPEZ, OLGA

    2016-01-01

    [EN] It will collect existing data about the patrimony of the town. If necessary, that data will be completed with other data and photographs. Each item wim be represented on a map, over base maps provided by the municipality. Cadastral maps PNOA will be able too as a base maps. The layers will be published in a geoportal where clicking on an item of the patrimony, will be presented its characteristics in a table and given the option to download a PDF with your tab, go to a page where more d...

  9. Interface Screenings

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thomsen, Bodil Marie Stavning

    2015-01-01

    In Wim Wenders' film Until the End of the World (1991), three different diagrams for the visual integration of bodies are presented: 1) GPS tracking and mapping in a landscape, 2) video recordings layered with the memory perception of these recordings, and 3) data-created images from dreams...... and memories. From a transvisual perspective, the question is whether or not these (by now realized) diagrammatic modes involving the body in ubiquitous global media can be analysed in terms of the affects and events created in concrete interfaces. The examples used are filmic as felt sensations...

  10. Validation of finite element code DELFIN by means of the zero power experiences at the nuclear power plant of Atucha I

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Grant, C.R.

    1996-01-01

    Code DELFIN, developed in CNEA, treats the spatial discretization using heterogeneous finite elements, allowing a correct treatment of the continuity of fluxes and currents among elements and a more realistic representation of the hexagonal lattice of the reactor. It can be used for fuel management calculation, Xenon oscillation and spatial kinetics. Using the HUEMUL code for cell calculation (which uses a generalized two dimensional collision probability theory and has the WIMS library incorporated in a data base), the zero power experiences performed in 1974 were calculated. (author). 8 refs., 9 figs., 3 tabs

  11. Lenguaje: Errores comunes en el lenguaje periodístico. Neologismos en la horma del zapato.

    OpenAIRE

    Espinosa Cordero, Simón

    2002-01-01

    Liz y Jenny van de shopping. -¿A qué mall irán? Irán al "Mall del Sol" y allá van las dos, cual rubias hermanitas de rinseado pelo estyled como se usa en USA. Compran bacon, pancakes, lomo para roast-beef, aftershave para el Johnsito al que le están saliendo los primeros pelos, slips para Kenny, shorts para el Richard, y boxers para que las balls del Joe resalten mejor. Son tan chiquitas, pobrecito. A media mañana se toman un coffee break en la bakery del mall. Y deciden, porque tienen el ...

  12. Free tissue transfer of the rectus abdominis myoperitoneal flap for oral reconstruction in a dog.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lanz, O I

    2001-12-01

    A five-month-old intact/male Boxer dog was presented 5-days following bite wound trauma to the maxillary region resulting in an oronasal fistula extending from the maxillary canine teeth to the soft palate. Multiple surgical procedures using local, buccal mucosal flaps failed to repair the oronasal fistula. Free tissue transfer of the rectus abdominis myoperitoneal flap using microvascular surgical techniques was successful in providing soft tissue reconstruction of the hard palate area. Complications of these surgical techniques included muscle contraction and subsequent muzzle distortion. Small, refractory oronasal fistulae at the perimeter of the myoperitoneal flap were repaired by primary wound closure.

  13. Os capitães-mores da carreira do Japão : esboço de caracterização sócio-económica

    OpenAIRE

    Rodrigues, Vítor Luís Gaspar

    1995-01-01

    "[...]. O cargo de capitão-mor das viagens do Japão parece ter sido estabelecido, como sustenta Charles Boxer, em 1550. Na verdade, não se encontra, que saibamos, qualquer documento em arquivos nacionais ou estrangeiros que ponha em causa a informação contida nas «relações dos capitães-mores» existentes na Biblioteca da Ajuda, as quais fazem remontar a essa data o início oficial da carreira do Japão, se bem que não permitam a identificação do seu agraciado. [...]"

  14. The neuroimaging evidence for chronic brain damage due to boxing

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Moseley, I.F. [Lysholm Radiological Department, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London (United Kingdom)

    2000-01-01

    A number of imaging techniques have been used to investigate changes produced in the brain by boxing. Most morphological studies have failed to show significant correlations between putative abnormalities on imaging and clinical evidence of brain damage. Fenestration of the septum pellucidum, with formation of a cavum, one of the most frequent observations, does not appear to correlate with neurological or physiological evidence of brain damage. Serial studies on large groups may be more informative. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cerebral blood flow studies have been reported in only small numbers of boxers; serial studies are not available to date. (orig.)

  15. Estimation of physical development of young sportsmen from traditional and modern positions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Khor'yakov V.A.

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available The problem of evaluation of anthropometric status of young sportsmen is examined with the use of method of indexes and modern pictures of somatic health of man. In research young boxers took part 10-11 (n=41, 12-13 (n=48 and 14-16 years (n=39. Contradiction and ambiguousness of estimations of physical development of children and teenagers is rotined by means of traditional indexes of Erismana, Quetelet, Pin'e, sthenic and development of thorax. It is marked that an estimation of physical development of children and teenagers with the use of standard deviation of selection is not productive, because in most cases distributing of the studied signs falls short of a normal law. A concept «norm» is recommended to replace a concept «norm» as an obligatory requirement of the state to the level of somatic health of children and teenagers of different regions of country. It is marked that it is expedient to examine physical development of individuals as a structural element of bodily condition the major components of which are indexes of power and capacity of mechanisms of energy supply.

  16. Dorstige glastuinbouw moet op elke druppel water letten (interview met Wim Voogt)

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bezemer, J.; Voogt, W.

    2010-01-01

    Hoge kwaliteit water wordt schaarser. Dat dwingt de glastuinbouw zorgvuldig met de teeltfactor water om te gaan en minder afhankelijk van oppervlaktewater te worden. Hemelwater blijft de belangrijkste bron maar 100% dekking is te duur. Omgekeerde osmose blijft de meest aantrekkelijke techniek om

  17. WIMS calculations for a model CAGR skip containing clusters and loose pins

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Halsall, M.J.

    1982-12-01

    Calculations using WIMSD4 and MONK5.3 assess the reactivity consequences of distributing loose fuel pins around a CAGR skip already loaded with 20 fuel clusters, indicated uncertainties in the accuracy of the WIMSD4 multicell option for establishing the worst distribution of loose pins. The present study was undertaken in an attempt to resolve this uncertainty by comparing WIMSD4 single cell and multicell calculations for a representative model problem with results derived from LWRWIMS using discrete ordinates transport theory TWOTRAN to give a more reliable estimate of inter-cell couplings. The study concludes that WIMSD4 is systematic in its treatment of single cells with loose pins added but that somewhat unpredictable discrepancies of the order of 1 per cent in k can arise in calculations of different arrangements of cell types in a multicell situation. This is, nevertheless, of comparable accuracy to the Monte Carlo calculations normally made for studies of this type and hence the relatively rapid WIMSD4 calculations should serve a useful function in deciding which situations to analyse in more detail. (U.K.)

  18. Basic research and industrialization of CANDU advanced fuel - A research for the improvement of RFSP code

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kim, Chang Hyo; Jang, Chang Sun; Han, Tae Young [Seoul National University, Seoul (Korea)

    2000-03-01

    The objective of this project is to improve the RFSP code by adopting three dimensional two neutron energy group model and accelerated iterative solution scheme (FDM3D) to 2 group diffusion equations as well. The major contents of this research are the derivation of the finite difference equation to three dimensional two neutron energy group diffusion equation, application of accelerated iterative solution scheme to the finite difference diffusion equation and validation of the improved RFSP code (FDM3D) through benchmark tests. We have shown that SOR/Chebyshev two parameter method and BICG-STAB/Wielandt method are more effective than that of RFSP in terms of computing speed. SOR/Chebyshev two parameter method shows better efficiency than BICG-STAB/Wielandt method. Because calculation efficiency of the latter depends on the right choice of pre-conditioner, however, it is considered that more studies are necessary to improve the efficiency of this latter method and to validate it. We have incorporated the new efficient method into the existing RFSP so that the resulting RFSP becomes much faster and more accurate. RFSP currently uses POWDERPUFS code as main lattice code, which is adequate to the neutron energy group model of RFSP. Because of this, we can not make the full advantage of advanced RFSP without adopting lattice code WIMS-AECL which can generate exact two neutron energy group constants. Therefore, we suggest developing a new CANDU design and analysis code which incorporate WIMS-AECL into FDM3D. 16 refs., 10 figs., 23 tabs. (Author)

  19. Details of modelling HTR core physics: the use of pseudo nuclide traces

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuijper, J.C.; Oppe, J.; Haas, J.B.M. de; Da Cruz, D.F.

    2003-01-01

    At present most combined neutronic and thermal hydraulic analyses of reactors, and the HTR is no exception, are being performed by codes employing few-group (typically 2-group) neutronics on the basis of parametrized few-group macroscopic (and microscopic) cross sections for homogenized areas, depending on quantities like irradiation (fuel only), 135 Xe concentration, temperature, etc. The irradiation parameter (time-integrated power per unit initial heavy metal mass) is sufficient for keeping track of the evolution of areas containing fuel. However, the use of the same parameter in areas without fuel, e.g. containing burnable poison, requires some special provisions. This can be met by the introduction of pseudo nuclides, with very specific cross sections and reaction chains, in the procedure to generate the parametrized few-group cross sections. It is shown that the time-evolution of a non-fuelled burnable poison area, as calculated by the 2-group (HTR) reactor code PANTHERMIX employing pseudo nuclides, compares well to the time-evolution obtained from an explicit burnup calculation by the WIMS8A/SNAP code. Examples are also shown using the pseudo nuclide method to keep track of the fast fluence (time-integrated flux above 0.1 MeV) in a continuous reload pebble-bed HTR reactor calculation by PANTHERMIX. Although the present implementation of the pseudo nuclide method exhibits some peculiarities connected to the specific codes in use (WIMS8A and PANTHERMIX) it is considered to be sufficiently general to be applicable in other code suites, requiring only limited modifications. (authors)

  20. Details of modelling HTR core physics: the use of pseudo nuclide traces

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kuijper, J.C.; Oppe, J.; Haas, J.B.M. de; Da Cruz, D.F. [Nuclear Research and consultancy Group (NRG), Petten (Netherlands)

    2003-07-01

    At present most combined neutronic and thermal hydraulic analyses of reactors, and the HTR is no exception, are being performed by codes employing few-group (typically 2-group) neutronics on the basis of parametrized few-group macroscopic (and microscopic) cross sections for homogenized areas, depending on quantities like irradiation (fuel only), {sup 135}Xe concentration, temperature, etc. The irradiation parameter (time-integrated power per unit initial heavy metal mass) is sufficient for keeping track of the evolution of areas containing fuel. However, the use of the same parameter in areas without fuel, e.g. containing burnable poison, requires some special provisions. This can be met by the introduction of pseudo nuclides, with very specific cross sections and reaction chains, in the procedure to generate the parametrized few-group cross sections. It is shown that the time-evolution of a non-fuelled burnable poison area, as calculated by the 2-group (HTR) reactor code PANTHERMIX employing pseudo nuclides, compares well to the time-evolution obtained from an explicit burnup calculation by the WIMS8A/SNAP code. Examples are also shown using the pseudo nuclide method to keep track of the fast fluence (time-integrated flux above 0.1 MeV) in a continuous reload pebble-bed HTR reactor calculation by PANTHERMIX. Although the present implementation of the pseudo nuclide method exhibits some peculiarities connected to the specific codes in use (WIMS8A and PANTHERMIX) it is considered to be sufficiently general to be applicable in other code suites, requiring only limited modifications. (authors)