Paralisia facial periférica congênita familiar

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Ehrenfried O. Wittig

1968-03-01

Full Text Available Os autores referem 6 casos de paralisia facial periférica congênita que se sucederam em três gerações. O estudo genético sugere a atuação de um gen autosômico dominante. Na mesma família foram assinalados outras alterações congênitas (estrabismo, nistagmo. Um dos pacientes com paralisia facial (caso II-7 também apresentava micrognatia. Os pacientes com outras alterações congênitas não foram examinados adequadamente, não sendo possível, por isso, estbelecer relação etiológica entre esses achados e a paralisia facial.

Viet Nam, once isolated, poised for significant role in oil and gas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1991-01-01

This paper reports that Viet Nam is on its way up in the petroleum world. After years of international isolation, the country is poised for a flurry of exploration by international oil companies in the early 1990s. Viet Nam has joined the Soviet Union as the only members of the now dissolved, formerly Moscow dominated, 10 nation Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) that are self-sufficient in oil production. Moreover, Viet Nam has far outstripped neighboring China, which was not a CMEA member, in offshore oil flow even though China has a much larger Outer Continental Shelf. Prospects are that Viet Nam will continue to lead China in offshore oil production until 1995 at least

Incidencia prenatal de los defectos congénitos en Las Tunas

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Juana Lupe Muñoz Callol

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Los defectos congénitos son la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal en casi todo el mundo. La introducción del diagnóstico prenatal y el establecimiento de estrategias preventivas en la atención primaria de salud han logrado la disminución de la prevalencia al nacimiento de defectos congénitos y de la mortalidad infantil en nuestro país. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal de los casos diagnosticados o confirmados prenatalmente en la consulta de genética provincial, con el objetivo de describir la incidencia prenatal de los defectos congénitos en la provincia Las Tunas, durante el período de enero 2013 a mayo 2014. De un universo de 9462 embarazadas de la provincia, en el periodo de estudio; se escogió una muestra de 110 gestantes que presentaron defectos fetales en diferentes órganos y sistemas. La información se obtuvo del registro provincial, donde se analizaron las variables: comportamiento de defectos congénitos por áreas de salud, edad de las madres por defectos congénitos, defectos congénitos por programas prenatales y los defectos congénitos por sistemas. El mayor número de casos se diagnosticó en el segundo trimestre del embarazo, siendo el sistema cardiovascular donde se encontró un número mayor de defectos congénitos, seguido del sistema digestivo, genitourinarias y del sistema nervioso central. Las edades maternas estuvieron comprendidas entre 21 y 30 años, siendo el municipio Tunas el que aportó un número significativo de afectados

Cardiopatias congênitas e malformações extracardíacas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosana Cardoso M. Rosa

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Revisar a associação entre cardiopatias congênitas e malformações extracardíacas. FONTES DE DADOS: A pesquisa incluiu artigos científicos presentes nos portais Medline, Lilacs e SciELO, utilizando-se os descritores "congenital heart disease", "congenital heart defects", "congenital cardiac malformations", "extracardiac defects" e "extracardiac malformations". Foram incluídos os artigos de séries de casos que exploravam especificamente a associação entre cardiopatias congênitas e malformações extracardíacas. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A cardiopatia congênita é responsável por cerca de 40% dos defeitos congênitos, sendo uma das malformações mais frequentes e a de maior morbimortalidade. Malformações extracardíacas são observadas em 7 a 50% dos pacientes com cardiopatia congênita, trazendo um risco ainda maior de comorbidade e mortalidade e tornando a cirurgia cardíaca mais arriscada. Diferentes estudos têm tentado avaliar a presença de anormalidades extracardíacas em pacientes portadores de cardiopatia congênita. Dentre as alterações descritas, destacam-se aquelas do trato urinário. Contudo, não houve um estudo que tenha avaliado do mesmo modo todos os pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: Anormalidades extracardíacas são frequentes em pacientes com cardiopatia congênita, sendo que os portadores de tais alterações podem apresentar um risco maior de morbimortalidade. Consequentemente, alguns autores vêm discutindo a importância e o custo-benefício da triagem destas crianças à procura de outras malformações por meio de exames complementares.

Combiner L'Education Et Le Travail; Experiences en Asie et en Oceanie: Viet Nam (Combining Education and Work; Experiences in Asia and Oceania: Viet Nam).

Science.gov (United States)

Vien, Hguyen Khac

Educational policy in Viet Nam has closely followed the revolutionary movement. In the essentially democratic period from 1945 to 1960, Viet Nam created a nationwide 10-grade school system and fought illiteracy on a large scale. By 1960, as socialism began to predominate, especially in the North, traditional educational methods and values began to…

Costs of providing tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment services in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Minh, H V; Mai, V Q; Nhung, N V; Hoi, L V; Giang, K B; Chung, L H; Kien, V D; Duyen, N T; Ngoc, N B; Anh, T T; Phuong, T B; Ngan, T T; Khanh, P H

2017-09-01

To estimate the cost of providing tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and treatment packages at different levels of health facilities in Viet Nam. This was a retrospective costing study from the providers' perspective using a standard costing approach. We included typical services for TB diagnosis and treatment based on standard protocols. The least expensive TB service was the 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy regimen for latent tuberculous infection provided by district health centres (US$7.20-14.30, accounting for 0.3-0.7% of Viet Nam's per capita gross domestic product [GDP] of US$2052.30 in 2014). The cost of diagnosing and treating a patient with drug-susceptible TB (the most common type of TB) ranged between US$51.20 and US$180.70, and represented 2.5-8.8% of Viet Nam's per capita GDP in 2014. The most expensive TB service was the diagnosis and treatment of a multidrug-resistant TB case (US$1568.20-2391.20), accounting for 76.4-116.5% of Viet Nam's per capita GDP in 2014). The cost of TB diagnosis and treatment services in Viet Nam varied according to level of health facility, type of TB, different costing options, and different staff cost scenarios.

Anoftalmia associada à catarata congênita: relato de caso

OpenAIRE

Santana,Alessandro; Koller,Karine; Waiswol,Mauro

2005-01-01

Apresentação de um caso de anoftalmia e catarata congênita associada a malformações sistêmicas. Paciente, 6 meses, do sexo masculino, com anoftalmia à esquerda e catarata congênita polar posterior à direita. Instituiu-se terapêutica cirúrgica por meio de aspiração do núcleo e córtex com pequena incisão sem implante de lente intra-ocular, e capsulorrexe posterior com vitrectomia. A associação entre anoftalmia e catarata congênita é condição rara em que o diagnóstico e tratamento precoces são f...

Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Human Parainfluenza Viruses 1-4 in Children from Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Linster, Martin; Do, Lien Anh Ha; Minh, Ngo Ngoc Quang; Chen, Yihui; Zhe, Zhu; Tuan, Tran Anh; Tuan, Ha Manh; Su, Yvonne C F; van Doorn, H Rogier; Moorthy, Mahesh; Smith, Gavin J D

2018-05-01

HPIVs are serologically and genetically grouped into four species that account for up to 10% of all hospitalizations due to acute respiratory infection in children under the age of five. Genetic and epidemiological data for the four HPIVs derived from two pediatric cohorts in Viet Nam are presented. Respiratory samples were screened for HPIV1-4 by real-time PCR. Demographic and clinical data of patients infected with different HPIV were compared. We used a hemi-nested PCR approach to generate viral genome sequences from HPIV-positive samples and conducted a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. In total, 170 samples tested positive for HPIV. HPIV3 was most commonly detected in our cohort and 80 co-detections of HPIV with other respiratory viruses were found. Phylogenetic analyses suggest local endemic circulation as well as punctuated introductions of new HPIV lineages. Viral gene flow analysis revealed that Viet Nam is a net importer of viral genetic diversity. Epidemiological analyses imply similar disease severity for all HPIV species. HPIV sequences from Viet Nam formed local clusters and were interspersed with sequences from diverse geographic regions. Combined, this new knowledge will help to investigate global HPIV circulation patterns in more detail and ultimately define more suitable vaccine strains.

Hernia diafragmática congénita y malformaciones asociadas.

OpenAIRE

Austin-Ward, Enrique Daniel; Nazer H, Julio; Castillo T, Silvia

1998-01-01

La hernia diafragmática congénita (HDC) continua siendo me patología que pone en peligro la vida a pesar de los adelantos en su manejo. Las malformaciones congénitas asociadas resultan ser uno de los factores más importantes que contribuyen a elevar los tasas de mortalidad en estos pacientes. En este trabajo presentamos nuestra experiencia con relación a esta anomalía, la cual forma parte del Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitos (ECLAMC), enfocado principalmente e...

Vietnam 1964-1965: Escalation versus Vietnamization. ACSC Quick-Look 05-03

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Cain, Anthony C

2005-01-01

.... troop levels and roles in fighting the Communists. Even before Johnson took office in the wake of President Kennedy's assassination, advisors assessed that the Communist Viet Cong were winning the war in the South...

Gradual Failure: The Air War Over North Vietnam 1965-1966

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Van Staaveren, Jacob

2002-01-01

.... Thus, Rolling Thunder was a new military program in what had been a relatively low-key attempt by the United States to win the war within South Vietnam against insurgent communist Viet Cong forces...

Characterisation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates lacking IS6110 in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Huyen, M N T; Tiemersma, E W; Kremer, K; de Haas, P; Lan, N T N; Buu, T N; Sola, C; Cobelens, F G J; van Soolingen, D

2013-11-01

The molecular diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in Viet Nam is often based on the detection of insertion sequence (IS) 6110 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, 8-11% of M. tuberculosis strains in South-East Asia do not contain this target and this undermines the validity of these molecular tests. We quantified the frequency of M. tuberculosis strains lacking IS6110 in rural Viet Nam and studied their epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Consecutively diagnosed adult TB patients in rural Southern Viet Nam submitted two sputum samples for culture, IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) spoligotyping and 15-loci variable number tandem repeat typing. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to confirm the absence of IS6110 elements in strains lacking IS6110 hybridisation in RFLP. Among 2664 TB patient isolates examined, 109 (4.1%) had no IS6110 element. Compared to other strains, these no-copy strains were less often resistant to anti-tuberculosis drugs, particularly to streptomycin (adjusted OR 0.2, 95%CI 0.1-0.5), and showed significant geographic variation. No associations with TB history or demographic factors were found. Strains without the IS6110 target pose a problem in Viet Nam as regards false-negative molecular TB diagnosis in PCR. Compared to other strains circulating in Viet Nam, no-copy strains are more susceptible to anti-tuberculosis drugs.

The Brown Water Navy in the Mekong Delta: COIN in the Littorals and Inland Waters

Science.gov (United States)

2008-01-01

frrmly under the control of the communist insurgency known as the Viet Cong (VC). The absence of major cities and physical infrastructure south of...control the physical environment, win popular support, ~\\l) address needs of the people, and legitimacy of the local government.3 In South Vietnam...the region. The Genesis of the Viet COllg Subsequent to the French defeat at Dien Bien Phu, the Geneva Accords divided Vietnam into the Democratic

Socioeconomic Renovation in Viet Nam

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

The rural development team was focusing on policy and practice change, the urban housing .... Market principles are now accepted as the basis for remunerating labour, ...... In 1992, the total population of Viet Nam was four times that of Malaysia, ...... construction, purchasing, sales, transfers, maintenance and taxation.

Leucemia congénita aguda

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Nilvia Esther González García

2011-06-01

Full Text Available La leucemia aguda durante el período neonatal es poco frecuente de evolución rápida y pronóstico sombrío. Sus características clínicas y biológicas difieren de las encontradas en niños de mayor edad, y su inicio se caracteriza por afectación cutánea, hepatoesplenomegalia, hiperleucocitosis e infiltración del sistema nervioso central. Se han observado pacientes con formas tanto mieloides como linfoides, pero la leucemia mieloide aguda parece predominar en esta etapa de la vida. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con leucemia congénita clasificada morfológicamente, con aparición de manifestaciones clínicas de enfermedad hematológica desde el nacimiento y diagnóstico de leucemia linfoblástica aguda congénita.

Aircraft Battle Damage Repair for the 90’s and Beyond

Science.gov (United States)

1994-03-01

far greater than was the US system during the Viet - nam Conflict. In fact, the United States mounted a large-scale resupply effort to assirt the...8217,luded. The procedures restore suffi. ciezu strength to accomplish the required mnission while avoidilig unnecessar-y or cosmetic repairs. The ABDR...from a mission with structural damage. 4 As the war escalated in 1964, the Viet Cong began their attack on US Air Force bases and during the course of

Viet Nam national report: Greenhouse gas limitation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tuong, Le Nguyen; Hieu, Nguyen Khac.

1998-01-01

Viet Nam ratified the UNFCCC on 16 November 1994. The Hydro meteorological Service (HMS) has been assigned by the Government to take full responsibility for Climate Change issues and for implementing programs related to the objectives of the UNFCCC. The mount of GHG emission in Viet Nam is 111.7 Tg of CO 2 equivalent. It is expected that the amount will be increased dramatically in the coming decades because of fossil fuel consumption to meet energy demand in the country. Total CO 2 emissions would be increased from 101 Tg in 2000, to 139 Tg, 224 Tg and 433 Tg in 2010, 2020 and 2030 respectively. 13 GHG abatement options including 7 energy options and 6 non-energy options have been developed for this study. (EG)

Viet Nam - Nuclear power for GHG mitigation and sustainable energy development

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Le Doan Phac; Nguyen Tien Nguyen; Le Van Hong; Nguyen Huu Thanh; Nguyen Anh Tuan

2000-01-01

The Government of Viet Nam has recently formulated a national energy programme entitled Strategy and Policy of Sustainable Energy Development. Its aim is to define a development policy for the country for the period from 2000 to 2020. The main objectives of the national energy programme are: 1. Increasing energy efficiency and demand side management (DSM) 2. Expanding rural electrification 3. Defining an energy price policy (e.g. pricing such that revenues cover costs) 4. Minimizing environmental impacts 5. Encouraging private investment in the energy and electricity sectors 6. Energy supply security 7. Diversifying energy sources, and 8. Exploring the potential role of nuclear power in Viet Nam. In formulating this programme, one of the objectives has been to minimize environmental impacts, including those caused by the electricity sector. Nevertheless, the shortage of investment capital in Viet Nam and the difficulty of securing favourable financial arrangements are crucial obstacles to the introduction of new technology options to mitigate GHG emissions. Viet Nam views CDM as an opportunity to find ways to overcome such problems and expects that all GHG mitigating technologies will be considered equally under the CDM

Time to unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcome, Cambodia, China, and Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Hoa, N B; Sokun, C; Wei, C; Lauritsen, J M; Rieder, H L

2012-03-21

To determine the frequency and characteristics of patients with unsuccessful tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Random selection of TB case registers among all treatment units in Cambodia, two provinces in China, and Viet Nam. The data of two calendar years were analyzed to assess unsuccessful outcomes and their time of occurrence. Among the 33 309 TB patients, treatment was unsuccessful in respectively 10.1%, 3.0% and 9.1% of patients in Cambodia, China and Viet Nam. The risk of death was highest in Cambodia, higher among males than females, increased with age, and was more common among retreatment cases than new cases, and among patients with a high than a low sputum smear microscopy grade. Half of all deaths occurred in the first 2 months in Cambodia and within 11 weeks in China and Viet Nam. Median time to default was 3 months in Cambodia and Viet Nam, and about 2 months in China. Treatment was highly successful in the three study countries, with a low proportion of death and default. As the majority of defaulting occurs at the beginning of treatment, all countries should critically review their current policy of treatment support in this period.

Habitat et environnement urbain au Viet-Nam: Hanoi et Hô Chi Minh ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

With an annual income of approximately $200 US per capita, the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam is one of the world's poorest countries. It has been repetitively devastated by armed conflicts and frequent large-scale natural disasters for over 50 years. Viet Nam's population is estimated to approximately 70 million, 80% of ...

Recent increase in sex ratio at birth in Viet Nam.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christophe Z Guilmoto

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Since the 1980s, sex ratio at birth (male births per 100 female births has increased in many Asian countries as a result of selective abortions, but to date there has been no such evidence for Viet Nam. Our aim in this paper is to ascertain the situation with respect to sex ratio at birth in Viet Nam over the past five years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Original data were obtained from sample population surveys in Viet Nam recording annual birth rates since 2000 of about 450,000 women, as well as from two successive birth surveys conducted for the first time in 2007 (1.1 million births. The annual population surveys include specific information on birth history and mothers' characteristics to be used for the analysis of trends and differentials in sex ratio at birth. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Birth history statistics indicate that the SRB in Viet Nam has recorded a steady growth since 2001. Starting from a level probably close to the biological standard of 105, the SRB reached 108 in 2005 and 112 in 2006, a value significantly above the normal level. An independent confirmation of these results comes from the surveys of births in health facilities which yielded a SRB of 110 in 2006-07. High SRB is linked to various factors such as access to modern health care, number of prenatal visits, level of higher education and employment status, young age, province of residence and prenatal sex determination. These results suggest that prenatal sex determination followed by selective abortion has recently become more common in Viet Nam. This recent trend is a consequence of various factors such as preference for sons, declining fertility, easy access to abortion, economic development as well as the increased availability of ultrasonography facilities.

Recent increase in sex ratio at birth in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Guilmoto, Christophe Z; Hoàng, Xuyên; Van, Toan Ngo

2009-01-01

Since the 1980s, sex ratio at birth (male births per 100 female births) has increased in many Asian countries as a result of selective abortions, but to date there has been no such evidence for Viet Nam. Our aim in this paper is to ascertain the situation with respect to sex ratio at birth in Viet Nam over the past five years. Original data were obtained from sample population surveys in Viet Nam recording annual birth rates since 2000 of about 450,000 women, as well as from two successive birth surveys conducted for the first time in 2007 (1.1 million births). The annual population surveys include specific information on birth history and mothers' characteristics to be used for the analysis of trends and differentials in sex ratio at birth. Birth history statistics indicate that the SRB in Viet Nam has recorded a steady growth since 2001. Starting from a level probably close to the biological standard of 105, the SRB reached 108 in 2005 and 112 in 2006, a value significantly above the normal level. An independent confirmation of these results comes from the surveys of births in health facilities which yielded a SRB of 110 in 2006-07. High SRB is linked to various factors such as access to modern health care, number of prenatal visits, level of higher education and employment status, young age, province of residence and prenatal sex determination. These results suggest that prenatal sex determination followed by selective abortion has recently become more common in Viet Nam. This recent trend is a consequence of various factors such as preference for sons, declining fertility, easy access to abortion, economic development as well as the increased availability of ultrasonography facilities.

Tuberculosis case notification data in Viet Nam, 2007 to 2012.

Science.gov (United States)

Nhung, Nguyen Viet; Hoa, Nguyen Binh; Khanh, Pham Huyen; Hennig, Cornelia

2015-01-01

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and Viet Nam ranks 12 among the 22 high-TB burden countries. This study analyses surveillance data of the National Tuberculosis Control Programme in Viet Nam for the six-year period 2007 to 2012. During the study period, 598,877 TB cases (all forms) were notified, and 313,225 (52.3%) were new smear-positive cases. The case notification rate of new smear-positive cases was decreased, from 65 per 100,000 population in 2007 to 57 per 100,000 population in 2012; this decrease was observed for males and females in all age groups except males aged 0-14 and females aged 15-24 years. The male-to-female ratio of new smear-positive TB cases increased from 2.85 in 2007 to 3.02 in 2012. The average annual cure rate of new smear-positive cases was 90.3%. The high male-to-female ratio for new smear-positive TB cases in this notification data was lower than that from the 2007 TB prevalence survey in Viet Nam, suggesting a lower case detection for males. The decrease in new smear-positive case notification rates may reflect a decline in TB incidence in Viet Nam as several programmatic improvements have been made, although further research is required to increase case detection among young males and children.

Phylodynamics of Enterovirus A71-Associated Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Viet Nam.

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Geoghegan, Jemma L; Tan, Le Van; Kühnert, Denise; Halpin, Rebecca A; Lin, Xudong; Simenauer, Ari; Akopov, Asmik; Das, Suman R; Stockwell, Timothy B; Shrivastava, Susmita; Ngoc, Nghiem My; Uyen, Le Thi Tam; Tuyen, Nguyen Thi Kim; Thanh, Tran Tan; Hang, Vu Thi Ty; Qui, Phan Tu; Hung, Nguyen Thanh; Khanh, Truong Huu; Thinh, Le Quoc; Nhan, Le Nguyen Thanh; Van, Hoang Minh Tu; Viet, Do Chau; Tuan, Ha Manh; Viet, Ho Lu; Hien, Tran Tinh; Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh; Thwaites, Guy; Grenfell, Bryan T; Stadler, Tanja; Wentworth, David E; Holmes, Edward C; Van Doorn, H Rogier

2015-09-01

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a major cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and is particularly prevalent in parts of Southeast Asia, affecting thousands of children and infants each year. Revealing the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of EV-A71 through time and space is central to understanding its outbreak potential. We generated the full genome sequences of 200 EV-A71 strains sampled from various locations in Viet Nam between 2011 and 2013 and used these sequence data to determine the evolutionary history and phylodynamics of EV-A71 in Viet Nam, providing estimates of the effective reproduction number (Re) of the infection through time. In addition, we described the phylogeography of EV-A71 throughout Southeast Asia, documenting patterns of viral gene flow. Accordingly, our analysis reveals that a rapid genogroup switch from C4 to B5 likely took place during 2012 in Viet Nam. We show that the Re of subgenogroup C4 decreased during the time frame of sampling, whereas that of B5 increased and remained >1 at the end of 2013, corresponding to a rise in B5 prevalence. Our study reveals that the subgenogroup B5 virus that emerged into Viet Nam is closely related to variants that were responsible for large epidemics in Malaysia and Taiwan and therefore extends our knowledge regarding its associated area of endemicity. Subgenogroup B5 evidently has the potential to cause more widespread outbreaks across Southeast Asia. EV-A71 is one of many viruses that cause HFMD, a common syndrome that largely affects infants and children. HFMD usually causes only mild illness with no long-term consequences. Occasionally, however, severe infection may arise, especially in very young children, causing neurological complications and even death. EV-A71 is highly contagious and is associated with the most severe HFMD cases, with large and frequent epidemics of the virus recorded worldwide. Although major advances have been made in the development of a potential EV-A71

Knowledge and Attitude Towards Tobacco Smoking among 13-15 Year-Old School Children in Viet Nam - Findings from GYTS 2014.

Science.gov (United States)

Huong, Nguyen Thanh; Kien, Nguyen Trung; Giang, Kim Bao; Minh, Hoang Van; Hai, Phan Thi; Huyen, Doan Thu; Khue, Luong Ngoc; Linh, Nguyen Thuy; Lam, Nguyen Tuan; Nga, Pham Thi Quynh

2016-01-01

Studies have shown that smoking is a learnt behavior, often initiated during adolescence. This paper aims to describe tobacco-related knowledge, attitude and associations among school adolescents aged 13-15 with exposure to anti-smoking information. Using data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in Viet Nam, 2014, knowledge was measured through 4 questions about tobacco use, and attitude was assessed through 3 questions on personal, social and environmental aspects. Students giving most anti-tobacco responses to all questions were considered as having correct knowledge or appropriate attitude or both. Access to anti-smoking information was determined by exposure to any media messages on tobacco control during the past 30 days and teaching in school about the danger of tobacco use during the past 12 months. A substantial percentage of students thought that being near others who smoke might be harmful to them and smoking is harmful to health (89.4% and 89.6% respectively). However, only 46.4% reported that it is definitely difficult to quit smoking and 66.9% thought that smoking for only 1 or 2 years, once stopped, is harmful to health. Slightly more than half of the respondents reported appropriate attitude that young smokers have fewer friends than others and smoking makes them less attractive and less comfortable at social events. Noticing anti-smoking messages in the media together with having lessons in school about the dangers of tobacco substantially increased the likelihood of having correct knowledge, appropriate attitude and both. Despite relatively high awareness about smoking harms, effective educational communication is still highly needed to improve the level of comprehensive knowledge and an appropriate attitude regarding tobacco use.

Pesticide regulations and farm worker safety: the need to improve pesticide regulations in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Phung, Dung Tri; Connell, Des; Miller, Greg; Rutherford, Shannon; Chu, Cordia

2012-06-01

Agricultural pesticide use in Viet Nam has more than tripled since 1990. However, pesticide legislation and regulations have not been developed in response to this large increase in usage, as a result of which pesticides pose a serious threat to human health and the environment. This paper identifies the need to improve pesticide regulations in Viet Nam through a comparative analysis of pesticide regulations in Viet Nam and the United States of America, where the rate of acute poisoning among agricultural workers is much lower than in Viet Nam and where information pertaining to pesticide regulations is made accessible to the public. The analysis identified several measures that would help to improve Viet Nam's pesticide regulations. These include enhancing pesticide legislation, clarifying the specific roles and active involvement of both the environmental and health sectors; performing a comprehensive risk-benefit evaluation of pesticide registration and management practices; improving regulations on pesticide suspension and cancellation, transport, storage and disposal; developing import and export policies and enhancing pesticide-related occupational safety programmes.

River Basin Water Assessment and Balance in fast developing areas in Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

Le, Van Chin; Ranzi, Roberto

2010-05-01

Uneven precipitation in space and time together with mismanagement and lack of knowledge about quantity and quality of water resources, have caused water shortages for water supply to large cities and irrigation areas in many regions of Viet Nam in the dry season. The rainy season (from June to October) counts for 80% of the total annual rainfall, while the water volume of dry season (from November to May of the following year) accounts for 20% only. Lack of sufficient water volumes occurs in some areas where the pressure of a fast increasing population (1.3% per year on average in the last decade in Viet Nam), intensive agricultural and industrial uses is one of the major problems facing sustainable development. For those areas an accurate water assessment and balance at the riverbasin scale is needed to manage the exploitation and appropriate use of water resources and plan future development. The paper describes the preliminary phase of the pilot development of the river basin water balance for the Day River Basin in the Red River delta in Viet Nam. The Day river basin includes a 7,897 km² area in the south-western part of the Red River in Viet Nam. The total population in the Day river basin exceeds 8 millions inhabitants, including the Hanoi capital, Nam Dinh and other large towns. Agricultural land covered 390,294 ha in 2000 and this area is going to be increased by 14,000 ha in 2010 due to land reclamation and expansion toward the sea. Agricultural uses exploit about 90% of surface water resources in the Day river basin but have to compete with industrial and civil needs in the recent years. At the background of the brief characterization of the Day River Basin, we concentrate on the application of a water balance model integrated by an assessment of water quality after consumptive uses for civil, agricultural and industrial needs to assist water management in the basin. In addition, future development scenarios are taken into account, considering less

Viet Nam [Status and technology of polymer-containing fibrous materials in the Eastern Hemisphere

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Le-Van-Thoi, [Viet Nam Atomic Energy Office, Saigon (Viet Nam)

1968-10-15

In South Viet Nam, forest covers about 30% of the land area or approximately 6 000 000 ha. Hardwoods comprise about 80% of the timber stock. The total growing stock is not known exactly. Forest inventory is difficult in Viet Nam since some areas are inaccessible in the virgin forest. Overcutting by the population for domestic uses should also be mentioned together with fire damage, destruction by the war, etc. Practically all species of fibrous wood which are common in South- East Asia grow in Viet Nam. Pine trees especially account for about 2% of the forest and bamboo for 1%, and rubber trees, kenaf and jute are abundant. Valuable fibrous materials other than wood are agricultural wastes such as rice straw and bagasse. Table I presents a list of the most common fibrous plants of Viet Nam; their importance, however, cannot be evaluated. In addition, restricted numbers of these plants are consumed by the population of the region where they grow wild. Exploitation is, in fact, purely artisanal and tends merely to meet local needs. Cotton plants (Gossipium herbaceum) grow mainly in Central Viet Nam; the cotton product is not of good quality since the fibres are not very long.

Home From the War: A Study of Psychiatric Problems in Viet Nam Returnees.

Science.gov (United States)

Strange, Robert E.; Brown, Dudley E., Jr.

1970-01-01

Fifty patients who developed psychiatric problems after return from tours of Viet Nam combat duty were compared with a group of patients who had not had such duty. The Viet Nam returnees reported more conflicts in intimate relationships and had a higher incidence of depression and somatization than did the noncombat group. A study was made of…

Phylogeography of recently emerged DENV-2 in southern Viet Nam.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maia A Rabaa

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Revealing the dispersal of dengue viruses (DENV in time and space is central to understanding their epidemiology. However, the processes that shape DENV transmission patterns at the scale of local populations are not well understood, particularly the impact of such factors as human population movement and urbanization. Herein, we investigated trends in the spatial dynamics of DENV-2 transmission in the highly endemic setting of southern Viet Nam. Through a phylogeographic analysis of 168 full-length DENV-2 genome sequences obtained from hospitalized dengue cases from 10 provinces in southern Viet Nam, we reveal substantial genetic diversity in both urban and rural areas, with multiple lineages identified in individual provinces within a single season, and indicative of frequent viral migration among communities. Focusing on the recently introduced Asian I genotype, we observed particularly high rates of viral exchange between adjacent geographic areas, and between Ho Chi Minh City, the primary urban center of this region, and populations across southern Viet Nam. Within Ho Chi Minh City, patterns of DENV movement appear consistent with a gravity model of virus dispersal, with viruses traveling across a gradient of population density. Overall, our analysis suggests that Ho Chi Minh City may act as a source population for the dispersal of DENV across southern Viet Nam, and provides further evidence that urban areas of Southeast Asia play a primary role in DENV transmission. However, these data also indicate that more rural areas are also capable of maintaining virus populations and hence fueling DENV evolution over multiple seasons.

Phylogeography of recently emerged DENV-2 in southern Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Rabaa, Maia A; Ty Hang, Vu Thi; Wills, Bridget; Farrar, Jeremy; Simmons, Cameron P; Holmes, Edward C

2010-07-27

Revealing the dispersal of dengue viruses (DENV) in time and space is central to understanding their epidemiology. However, the processes that shape DENV transmission patterns at the scale of local populations are not well understood, particularly the impact of such factors as human population movement and urbanization. Herein, we investigated trends in the spatial dynamics of DENV-2 transmission in the highly endemic setting of southern Viet Nam. Through a phylogeographic analysis of 168 full-length DENV-2 genome sequences obtained from hospitalized dengue cases from 10 provinces in southern Viet Nam, we reveal substantial genetic diversity in both urban and rural areas, with multiple lineages identified in individual provinces within a single season, and indicative of frequent viral migration among communities. Focusing on the recently introduced Asian I genotype, we observed particularly high rates of viral exchange between adjacent geographic areas, and between Ho Chi Minh City, the primary urban center of this region, and populations across southern Viet Nam. Within Ho Chi Minh City, patterns of DENV movement appear consistent with a gravity model of virus dispersal, with viruses traveling across a gradient of population density. Overall, our analysis suggests that Ho Chi Minh City may act as a source population for the dispersal of DENV across southern Viet Nam, and provides further evidence that urban areas of Southeast Asia play a primary role in DENV transmission. However, these data also indicate that more rural areas are also capable of maintaining virus populations and hence fueling DENV evolution over multiple seasons.

Characteristics of tuberculosis patients at intake in Cambodia, two provinces in China, and Viet Nam

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Lauritsen Jens M

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The tuberculosis register is a critical data source for the information system of national tuberculosis control programs. From the information in the tuberculosis case register, it is possible to extend the standard analysis of age and sex characteristics among sputum smear-positive cases to all tuberculosis case categories. National tuberculosis programs might utilize such information to identify problems related to referral and access to diagnosis and treatment. Objectives Based on the electronic database we created, our objectives were to provide a detailed description of age and sex characteristics of tuberculosis patients at registration and to provide a comparison of age-specific sex characteristics among incident and prevalent sputum smear-positive cases. Methods A representative sample of tuberculosis case registers from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2005 was selected in Cambodia, two provinces in China and Viet Nam. Age and sex characteristics of cases in the three separate prevalence surveys in the three jurisdictions (Cambodia: year 2002; China: year 2000; and Viet Nam: year 2006-2007 were obtained for comparison. Results A total 37,635 patients had been registered during the period in the selected units in the three countries. Cases were more frequently male in all three countries with 53%, 71%, and 69% in Cambodia, China, and Viet Nam, respectively. The ratios of the female-to-male odds in the notification system to that in the prevalence survey in smear-positive cases in Cambodia, China and Viet Nam were 2.1, 0.9, and 1.8, respectively. Because of the small proportion of extrapulmonary tuberculosis registered in China, we limited the analysis on age and sex distribution for extrapulmonary cases to Cambodia and Viet Nam. The proportion with extrapulmonary tuberculosis among all cases was 18.5% in Cambodia and 15.7% in Viet Nam, decreasing in frequency with increasing age. Conclusions Characteristics of patients

Characteristics of tuberculosis patients at intake in Cambodia, two provinces in China, and Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Hoa, Nguyen B; Wei, Chen; Sokun, Chay; Lauritsen, Jens M; Rieder, Hans L

2011-05-23

The tuberculosis register is a critical data source for the information system of national tuberculosis control programs. From the information in the tuberculosis case register, it is possible to extend the standard analysis of age and sex characteristics among sputum smear-positive cases to all tuberculosis case categories. National tuberculosis programs might utilize such information to identify problems related to referral and access to diagnosis and treatment. Based on the electronic database we created, our objectives were to provide a detailed description of age and sex characteristics of tuberculosis patients at registration and to provide a comparison of age-specific sex characteristics among incident and prevalent sputum smear-positive cases. A representative sample of tuberculosis case registers from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2005 was selected in Cambodia, two provinces in China and Viet Nam. Age and sex characteristics of cases in the three separate prevalence surveys in the three jurisdictions (Cambodia: year 2002; China: year 2000; and Viet Nam: year 2006-2007) were obtained for comparison. A total 37,635 patients had been registered during the period in the selected units in the three countries. Cases were more frequently male in all three countries with 53%, 71%, and 69% in Cambodia, China, and Viet Nam, respectively.The ratios of the female-to-male odds in the notification system to that in the prevalence survey in smear-positive cases in Cambodia, China and Viet Nam were 2.1, 0.9, and 1.8, respectively. Because of the small proportion of extrapulmonary tuberculosis registered in China, we limited the analysis on age and sex distribution for extrapulmonary cases to Cambodia and Viet Nam. The proportion with extrapulmonary tuberculosis among all cases was 18.5% in Cambodia and 15.7% in Viet Nam, decreasing in frequency with increasing age. Characteristics of patients greatly differed between countries and between patient categories. In Cambodia

Gauging the Acceptability of HIV Vaccines: An Exploratory Study Examining Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs among Injecting Drug Users in Viet Nam

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Nguyen, France

2007-01-01

In contrast to other countries in Southeast Asia, the HIV/ AIDS epidemic is in the initial stages in Viet Nam, although the rates have increased notably since 1997. This study examined attitudes towards the use of an HIV vaccine (when one becomes available) as a means for preventing the disease. Since injecting drug users are the great majority of…

Anoftalmia congénita. Reporte de una serie familiar

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Héctor López Muñoz

Full Text Available Resumen Anoftalmia es la ausencia de un ojo, puede ser unilateral o bilateral y su prevalencia es baja. Resulta de la detención del desarrollo del globo ocular durante la organogénesis. Pacientes de 25, 23 y 22 años, hermanas, presentan anoftalmia congénita unilateral derecha, bilateral y unilateral izquierda respectivamente. Único antecedente mórbido familiar es que su bisabuelo paterno también padecía anoftalmia congénita unilateral derecha. Fueron remitidas desde el Hospital Clínico Regional a la Clínica de Traumatología y Prótesis Máxilo Facial de la Universidad de Concepción para tratarlas desde sus primeros meses de vida. El tratamiento incluyó el uso de conformadores secuenciales para expandir las cavidades oculares y posteriormente se confeccionaron prótesis oculares individuales. La rehabilitación de la anoftalmia congénita es todo un desafío. La intervención temprana, como lo fue el caso de estas pacientes, hace una gran diferencia en el desarrollo general del paciente y el bienestar emocional de la familia.

Improving hospital death certification in Viet Nam: results of a pilot study implementing an adapted WHO hospital death report form in two national hospitals.

Science.gov (United States)

Walton, Merrilyn; Harrison, Reema; Chevalier, Anna; Esguerra, Esmond; Van Duong, Dang; Chinh, Nguyen Duc; Giang, Huong

2016-01-01

Viet Nam does not have a system for the national collection of death data that meets international requirements for mortality reporting. It is identified as a 'no-report' country by the WHO. Verbal autopsy reports are used in the community but exclude deaths in hospitals. This project was undertaken in Bach Mai National General Hospital and Viet Duc Surgical and Trauma Hospital in Viet Nam from 1 March 2013 to 31 March 2015. In phase 1, a modified hospital death report form, consistent with the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, was developed. Small group training in use of the report form was delivered to 427 doctors. In phase two, death data were collected, collated and analysed. In phase three, a random sample (7%) of all report forms was checked for accuracy and completeness against medical records. During the 23 months of the study, 3956 deaths were recorded. Across both hospitals, 222 distinct causes of deaths were recorded. Traumatic cerebral oedema was the immediate cause of death (15% of cases, 575/3956 patients), followed by septic shock (13%, 528/3956), brain compression (11%, 416/3956), intracerebral haemorrhage (8%, 336/3956) and pneumonia (5%, 186/3956); 67% (2639/3956) of patients were discharged home to die and 33% (1314/3956) of deaths were due to a road traffic accident, or injury at home or at work. This study confirms the viability of implementing a death report form system compliant with international standards in hospitals in Viet Nam and provides the foundation for introducing a national death report form scheme. These data are critical to comprehensive knowledge of causes of death in Viet Nam. Death data about patients discharged home to die is presented for the first time, with implications for countries where this is a cultural preference.

Impacts on Breastfeeding Practices of At-Scale Strategies That Combine Intensive Interpersonal Counseling, Mass Media, and Community Mobilization: Results of Cluster-Randomized Program Evaluations in Bangladesh and Viet Nam.

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Menon, Purnima; Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Saha, Kuntal Kumar; Khaled, Adiba; Kennedy, Andrew; Tran, Lan Mai; Sanghvi, Tina; Hajeebhoy, Nemat; Baker, Jean; Alayon, Silvia; Afsana, Kaosar; Haque, Raisul; Frongillo, Edward A; Ruel, Marie T; Rawat, Rahul

2016-10-01

Despite recommendations supporting optimal breastfeeding, the number of women practicing exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) remains low, and few interventions have demonstrated implementation and impact at scale. Alive & Thrive was implemented over a period of 6 y (2009-2014) and aimed to improve breastfeeding practices through intensified interpersonal counseling (IPC), mass media (MM), and community mobilization (CM) intervention components delivered at scale in the context of policy advocacy (PA) in Bangladesh and Viet Nam. In Bangladesh, IPC was delivered through a large non-governmental health program; in Viet Nam, it was integrated into government health facilities. This study evaluated the population-level impact of intensified IPC, MM, CM, and PA (intensive) compared to standard nutrition counseling and less intensive MM, CM, and PA (non-intensive) on breastfeeding practices in these two countries. A cluster-randomized evaluation design was employed in each country. For the evaluation sample, 20 sub-districts in Bangladesh and 40 communes in Viet Nam were randomized to either the intensive or the non-intensive group. Cross-sectional surveys (n ~ 500 children 0-5.9 mo old per group per country) were implemented at baseline (June 7-August 29, 2010, in Viet Nam; April 28-June 26, 2010, in Bangladesh) and endline (June 16-August 30, 2014, in Viet Nam; April 20-June 23, 2014, in Bangladesh). Difference-in-differences estimates (DDEs) of impact were calculated, adjusting for clustering. In Bangladesh, improvements were significantly greater in the intensive compared to the non-intensive group for the proportion of women who reported practicing EBF in the previous 24 h (DDE 36.2 percentage points [pp], 95% CI 21.0-51.5, p Viet Nam, EBF increases were greater in the intensive group (27.9 pp, 95% CI 17.7-38.1, p Viet Nam than standard counseling with less intensive MM, CM, and PA. To our knowledge, this study is the first to document implementation and impacts of

Health Costs Attributable to Smoking in Viet Nam | IDRC ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Health Costs Attributable to Smoking in Viet Nam ... and the government has a particular interest in the economic costs associated with high tobacco consumption. ... IWRA/IDRC webinar on climate change and adaptive water management.

AF Security Forces and Building Partner Capacity Examining Cultural Competency as a Force Enabler

Science.gov (United States)

2017-02-03

much to the benefit of my fathers’ preparation by 1970, but it still lacked recognition at the strategic level. The national narrative of the Viet Cong...far exceeded the paycheck they received, but an untrustworthy one could make you as vulnerable as hitch- hiking unarmed through the center of Sadr

Disease spectrum and management of children admitted with acute respiratory infection in Viet Nam.

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Nguyen, T K P; Nguyen, D V; Truong, T N H; Tran, M D; Graham, S M; Marais, B J

2017-06-01

To assess the acute respiratory infection (ARI) disease spectrum, duration of hospitalisation and outcome in children hospitalised with an ARI in Viet Nam. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of ARI admissions to primary (Hoa Vang District Hospital), secondary (Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children) and tertiary (National Hospital of Paediatrics in Ha Noi) level hospitals in Viet Nam over 12 months (01/09/2015 to 31/08/2016). Acute respiratory infections accounted for 27.9% (37 436/134 061) of all paediatric admissions; nearly half (47.6%) of all children admitted to Hoa Vang District Hospital. Most (64.6%) of children hospitalised with an ARI were Viet Nam, characterised by prolonged hospitalisation for relatively mild disease. There is huge potential to reduce unnecessary hospital admission and cost. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Implementation of GINA guidelines in Ho Chi Minh City: a model for Viet Nam.

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Tho, N V; Loan, H T H; Thao, N T P; Dung, N T T; Lan, L T T

2012-12-21

The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines have not been implemented effectively in primary care settings in Viet Nam. To estimate the proportion of patients with controlled asthma and the direct health care costs of managing asthma according to GINA guidelines at four out-patient clinics in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Viet Nam. One hundred and six patients with asthma were treated and followed up according to GINA guidelines for 12 months. Clinical and pulmonary function responses and direct health care costs were evaluated every 3 months during the study. The proportion of patients with controlled asthma rose from 1.0% at the start of the study to 36.8% by the end of the study (P Viet Nam, improved asthma control with modest direct health care costs.

Analysing Key Debates in Education and Sustainable Development in Relation to ESD Practice in Viet Nam

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Balls, Emily

2016-01-01

This article is based on qualitative field research carried out in Ha Noi, Viet Nam, in 2013 for an MA dissertation in Education and International Development at the UCL Institute of Education. It analyses interpretations of education for sustainable development (ESD) in Viet Nam, relating these to key debates around instrumental and democratic…

Factors associated with breastfeeding intent among mothers of newborn babies in Da Nang, Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Phuong Thi Kim; Tran, Hoang Thi; Thai, Thuy Thi Thanh; Foster, Kirsty; Roberts, Christine L; Marais, Ben J

2018-01-01

Breastfeeding is recognized as the single most cost-effective intervention to reduce child morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have explored perceived barriers to breastfeeding and factors associated with breastfeeding intent among mothers of newborn babies in Viet Nam. We conducted a study to assess breastfeeding initiation rates, intent to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months or more and perceived barriers to breastfeed among mothers of newborn babies in Da Nang, Viet Nam. We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of mothers in the postnatal wards of Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children in central Viet Nam from 10 February 2017 to 24 February 2017, following implementation of the World Health Organization (WHO) Essential Newborn Care (ENC) package. Of 286 mothers surveyed, 259 (90.6%) initiated breastfeeding; 203/258 (78.7%) within 1 hour (h) of birth. Most (207, 72.4%) mothers indicated intent to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months or more, but this was lower among mothers of preterm babies (82.2% versus 20.0%, p  < 0.001) and those without post-secondary school education (74.8% versus 55.6%, p  = 0.02). Amongst mothers struggling to establish breastfeeding, 18/27 (66.7%) had a Cesarean section. Planned non-exclusive breastfeeding was mostly (39, 60.9%) motivated by mothers' concern that their milk supply would be insufficient for their baby's growth requirements. Most mothers had good knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding and indicated strong decision autonomy. We documented high rates of early breastfeeding establishment and intent to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months or more. This probably reflects high levels of maternal education and successful implementation of the WHO ENC package. Mothers of premature babies may benefit from additional support.

An Analysis of the Psychological Necessity of Censorship in Combat Zones

Science.gov (United States)

1970-01-01

that our forces have failed while the Viet Cong have scored a tremendous victory. Position reporting. The New York Times. JOHNSON SAYS FOE’S RAIDS ARE A...Associated Press, Khesanh, p. 1. Lance Cpl. Richard Morris, 24, of North Hollywood, Calif., began playing a guitar . Two favorites that night were 蛄 miles

Oseltamivir resistance among influenza viruses: surveillance in northern Viet Nam, 2009-2012.

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Hoang Vu, Mai-Phuong; Nguyen, Co Thach; Nguyen, Le Khanh Hang; Nguyen, Thi Kim Phuong; Le, Quynh Mai

2013-01-01

Antiviral resistance has been reported in seasonal influenza A viruses and avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses in Viet Nam, raising concerns about the efficacy of treatment. We analysed specimens from two sources during the period 2009-2012: influenza-positive samples from influenza-like illness patients at sentinel clinics in northern Viet Nam and isolates from patients with confirmed A(H5N1) infections. Pyrosequencing was used to detect mutations: H275Y [for A(H1N1) and A(H5N1)], E119V [for A(H3N2)] and I117V [for A(H5N1)]. A neuraminidase inhibition assay was used to determine the Inhibitory Concentration 50 (IC₅₀) values for all influenza A and B isolates. There were 341 influenza A positive samples identified; influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was identified most frequently (n = 215). In 2009, oseltamivir resistance was observed in 100% (19 of 19) of seasonal A(H1N1) isolates and 1.4% (3/215) of A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates. This H275Y mutation was not found in influenza subtypes A(H5N1) or A(H3N2) isolates. In Viet Nam, seasonal and A(H5N1) influenza vaccines are not currently available; thus, effective treatment is required. The presence of oseltamivir-resistant viruses is therefore a concern. Active surveillance for oseltamivir resistance among influenza viruses circulating in Viet Nam should be continued.

Hernia diafragmática congénita atascada

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Miurkis Endis Miranda

Full Text Available La hernia diafragmática congénita constituye uno de los retos pendientes dentro de las enfermedades quirúrgicas del recién nacido. Se presenta un caso muy inusual, en el cual se diagnosticó una hernia diafragmática derecha atascada, con compromiso de gran parte del intestino. Se describen los medios diagnósticos utilizados, el procedimiento quirúrgico realizado y las complicaciones presentadas. La hernia diafragmática congénita atascada es una complicación potencialmente letal, por el amplio compromiso vascular que produce en los órganos abdominales y que conlleva a la necrosis de estos si no se diagnostica precozmente. Por ello, debe ser considerada en el diagnóstico diferencial de la insuficiencia respiratoria en los recién nacidos y lactantes pequeños.

Stimulating the development of national Streptococcus suis guidelines in Viet Nam through a strategic research partnership.

Science.gov (United States)

Horby, Peter; Wertheim, Heiman; Ha, Nguyen Hong; Trung, Nguyen Vu; Trinh, Dao Tuyet; Taylor, Walter; Ha, Nguyen Minh; Lien, Trinh Thi Minh; Farrar, Jeremy; Van Kinh, Nguyen

2010-06-01

Streptococcus suis is a common cause of adult bacterial meningitis in Viet Nam, and possibly other parts of Asia, yet this disabling infection has been largely neglected. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment are relatively straightforward and affordable but, in early 2007, no national diagnostic, case management or prevention guidelines existed in Viet Nam. Enhanced detection of S. suis infections was established in 2007 as part of a collaborative research programme between the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, a key national hospital with very close links to the Ministry of Health, and a research group affiliated with Oxford University based in Viet Nam. The results were reported directly to policy-makers at the Ministry of Health. Viet Nam is a low-income country with a health-care system that has seen considerable improvements and increased autonomy. However, parts of the system remain fairly centralized the Ministry of Health. Following the improved detection and reporting of S. suis cases, the Ministry of Health issued guidance to all hospitals in Viet Nam on the clinical and laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention of S. suis. A public health laboratory diagnostic service was established at the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology and training courses were conducted for clinicians and microbiologists. Ministry of Health guidance on surveillance and control of communicable diseases was updated to include a section on S. suis. Research collaborations can efficiently inform and influence national responses if they are well positioned to reach policy-makers.

IAEA Mission Concludes Peer Review of Viet Nam's Radiation and Nuclear Regulatory Framework

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2014-01-01

Senior international nuclear safety and radiation protection experts today concluded a 10-day International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) mission to review how Viet Nam's regulatory framework for nuclear and radiation safety has incorporated recommendations and suggestions from an earlier review, conducted in 2009. The Integrated Regulatory Review Service (IRRS) follow-up mission, requested by the Viet Nam Agency for Radiation and Nuclear Safety (VARANS), also reviewed the development of the regulatory safety infrastructure to support Viet Nam's nuclear power programme. The eight-member team comprised senior regulatory experts from Canada, France, Pakistan, Slovenia, United Arab Emirates and the United States of America, as well as three IAEA staff members. The IRRS team said in its preliminary assessment that Viet Nam had made progress since 2009, but that some key recommendations still needed to be addressed. Particular strengths identified by the team included: The commitment of VARANS staff to develop legislation and regulations in the field of nuclear and radiation safety; VARANS' efforts to implement practices that are in line with IAEA Safety Standards and internationally recognized good practices; A willingness to receive feedback regarding the efforts to establish and implement a regulation programme; and Progress made in developing the regulatory framework to support the introduction of nuclear power. The team identified the following areas as high-priority steps to further strengthen radiation and nuclear safety in Viet Nam: The effective independence of the regulatory decision-making process needs to be urgently addressed; Additional resources are needed to regulate existing radiation facilities and activities, as well as the country's research reactor; Efforts to increase the capacity of VARANS to regulate the developing nuclear power programme should continue; The draft Master Plan for the Development of Nuclear Power Infrastructure should be finalized

A multicentre molecular analysis of hepatitis B and blood-borne virus coinfections in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Dunford, Linda; Carr, Michael J; Dean, Jonathan; Nguyen, Linh Thuy; Ta Thi, Thu Hong; Nguyen, Binh Thanh; Connell, Jeff; Coughlan, Suzie; Nguyen, Hien Tran; Hall, William W; Thi, Lan Anh Nguyen

2012-01-01

Hepatitis B (HBV) infection is endemic in Viet Nam, with up to 8.4 million individuals estimated to be chronically infected. We describe results of a large, multicentre seroepidemiological and molecular study of the prevalence of HBV infection and blood-borne viral coinfections in Viet Nam. Individuals with varying risk factors for infection (n = 8654) were recruited from five centres; Ha Noi, Hai Phong, Da Nang, Khanh Hoa and Can Tho. A mean prevalence rate of 10.7% was observed and levels of HBsAg were significantly higher in injecting drug users (IDUs) (17.4%, n = 174/1000) and dialysis patients (14.3%, n = 82/575) than in lower-risk groups (9.4%; pViet Nam and also highlights the significant levels of blood-borne virus coinfections, which have important implications for hepatitis-related morbidity and development of effective management strategies.

Sífilis gestacional e congênita em Palmas, Tocantins, 2007-2014

OpenAIRE

Cavalcante, Patrícia Alves de Mendonça; Pereira, Ruth Bernardes de Lima; Castro, José Gerley Diaz

2017-01-01

RESUMO OBJETIVO: descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos casos notificados de sífilis em gestante e sífilis congênita no período 2007-2014 em Palmas-TO, Brasil. MÉTODOS: realizou-se estudo descritivo com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan). RESULTADOS: foram identificadas 171 gestantes com sífilis (4,7/1000 nascidos vivos [NV]) e 204 casos de sífilis congênita (5,6/1000 NV); predominaram gestantes pardas (71,3%), com baixa escolaridade (48,0%) e diagnóstico tardi...

Strategy Of Attrition: Why General Westmoreland Failed In 1967

Science.gov (United States)

2016-05-26

assault on South Vietnamese regulars at Xa Tan Hung resulted in...with forty-six wounded. To complicate the situation, civilian casualties continued to mass. During the attack at Xa Tan Hung, the Viet Cong wounded...Ronald H. Advice And Support: The Early. Years, 1941-1960. Washington, DC: Center of Military History,1985. Taleb, Nassim Nicholas . Antifragile: Things

American Leadership and Decision-Making Failures in the Tet Offensive

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Turner, Charles

2003-01-01

...: North Vietnamese and Viet Cong deceptive actions, American inability to analyze those actions, measures the United States had in place to detect and to counter North Vietnamese preparations for the offensive, and the incomplete organization of the American intelligence organization in theater. The Tet Offensive serves as a cautionary parable for modem-day and future military leadership.

Improving natural resource management in Viet Nam's Hong Ha ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

2011-07-15

Jul 15, 2011 ... Improving natural resource management in Viet Nam's Hong Ha commune ... In this work, the research team helped local farmers improve their land ... with a home garden economy, limit forest destruction, diversify crop production, ... low female participation rates in decision making; limited education; rapid ...

Delivery cost of human papillomavirus vaccination of young adolescent girls in Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Levin, Carol E; Van Minh, Hoang; Odaga, John; Rout, Swampa Sarit; Ngoc, Diep Nguyen Thi; Menezes, Lysander; Araujo, Maria Ana Mendoza; LaMontagne, D Scott

2013-08-01

To estimate the incremental delivery cost of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of young adolescent girls in Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam. Data were collected from a sample of facilities that participated in five demonstration projects for hpv vaccine delivery: school-based delivery was used in Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam; health-centre-based delivery was also used in Viet Nam; and integrated delivery, which involved existing health services, was also used in Uganda. Microcosting methods were used to guide data collection on the use of resources (i.e. staff, supplies and equipment) and data were obtained from government, demonstration project and health centre administrative records. Delivery costs were expressed in 2009 United States dollars (US$). Exclusively project-related expenses and the cost of the vaccine were excluded. The economic delivery cost per vaccine dose ranged from US$ 1.44 for integrated outreach in Uganda to US$ 3.88 for school-based delivery in Peru. In Viet Nam, the lowest cost per dose was US$ 1.92 for health-centre-based delivery. Cost profiles revealed that, in general, the largest contributing factors were project start-up costs and recurrent personnel costs. The delivery cost of HPV vaccine was higher than published costs for traditional vaccines recommended by the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI). The cost of delivering HPV vaccine to young adolescent girls in Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam was higher than that for vaccines currently in the EPI schedule. The cost per vaccine dose was lower when delivery was integrated into existing health services.

Cross-sectional study of sexual behaviour and knowledge about HIV among urban, rural, and minority residents in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Bui, T D; Pham, C K; Pham, T H; Hoang, L T; Nguyen, T V; Vu, T Q; Detels, R

2001-01-01

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in three districts of Quang Ninh province, Viet Nam, to find out what proportion of the people who lived there engaged in behaviour that put them at risk of becoming infected with HIV, and to measure their knowledge about HIV infection and AIDS. The survey was conducted in a rural district, Yen Hung; a mountainous district inhabited primarily by ethnic minority groups, Binh Lieu; and an urban district, Ha Long. Participants aged 15-45 years were randomly selected from the general population to be interviewed. A total of 630 people from 707 households were interviewed; 8% were not home despite repeated visits and 3% refused to participate. The prevalence of premarital intercourse ranged from 9% to 16% among married men and 4% to 7% among married women. Among single men the proportion who had ever had intercourse ranged from 6% to 16%. Fewer than 3% reported having ever had sex with a sex worker. The median number of extramarital sex partners was 1. Knowledge about HIV/AIDS was high in the urban and rural areas but low in the mountainous area. Being male and being 20-29 years old were associated with having multiple sex partners. The low prevalence of individuals reporting that they had had intercourse with sex workers and partners other than their spouse may explain the low rates of HIV infection among the heterosexual population; these rates are in contrast to the high rates of HIV infection found among injecting drug users. The association between having extramarital partners and being a younger man suggests that the tendency to have more sexual partners may increase in the future. If this happens, the potential for HIV to be spread through heterosexual sex will increase.

Viet Nam Economic Research Network (VERN) - Phase II | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

VERN I (101273) constituted the first network for young economic researchers in Viet Nam, where previously there had been no modality for cooperation or peer review. Guided by the philosophy of "understanding and managing globalization" that underpinned the earlier project, VERN II proposes to expand the network, ...

Globalization and the Governance of Education in Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

London, Jonathan D.

2010-01-01

In a globalizing world, local and global governance arrangements are increasingly interdependent, which produces harmonization in some instances and new tensions and contradictions in others. Analysis shows that successive waves of globalization have affected the governance of education in Viet Nam differently. It shows that the globalization of…

Enfisema Lobar congénito

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miriam Milagros Díaz Fernández

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de un año de edad, que al mes de nacida debutó con dificultad respiratoria relacionada con los esfuerzos, específicamente al llanto y durante el proceso de amamantamiento, constatándose esto al examen físico y encontrándose, además, discreto tiraje subcostal y bajo, así como frecuencia respiratoria que oscilaba entre 65 y 70 por minuto, sin cianosis y el resto del examen físico negativo. El estudio radiológico practicado (Rx de tórax anteroposterior y lateral, así como TAC de pulmón confirmó el diagnóstico de Enfisema Lobar Congénito. El estudio se completo, para descartar otras afecciones asociadas. Luego de una valoración multidisciplinaria, en la que se tuvo en cuenta la clínica que presentó la paciente, se decidió no practicar tratamiento quirúrgico y dar seguimiento clínico-radiológico periódico. Durante este primer año la evolución de la paciente ha sido satisfactoria. Se hizo una revisión del tema, y se concluyó que las malformaciones congénitas del pulmón no son tan frecuentes, pero sí se necesita de un diagnóstico rápido, para definir adecuadamente la conducta terapéutica.

Circulation of influenza B lineages in northern Viet Nam, 2007-2014.

Science.gov (United States)

Le, Thi Thanh; Pham, Thu Hang; Pham, Thi Hien; Nguyen, Le Khanh Hang; Nguyen, Co Thach; Hoang, Vu Mai Phuong; Tran, Thu Huong; Nguyen, Vu Son; Ngo, Huong Giang; Le, Quynh Mai

2015-01-01

Influenza B viruses circulate throughout Viet Nam, and their activities vary by region. There have been two antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B viruses co-circulating in the past 20 years; however, only one lineage is selected as a component of contemporary trivalent seasonal influenza vaccines. To improve the understanding of circulating influenza B lineages and influenza vaccine mismatches, we report the virus lineages circulating in northern Viet Nam over an eight-year period (2007-2014). Lineages of 331 influenza B viruses were characterized by haemagglutination inhibition assay against standard reference ferret (Yamagata) and sheep (Victoria) antisera. Sequence analysis of the haemagglutinin gene was performed in 64 selected influenza B isolates. The proportion of influenza B lineages changed by year. The Yamagata lineage predominated in 2007, 2008 and 2012; the Victoria lineage predominated in 2009-2014 except 2012. The two lineages showed continuous evolution over time. The Northern Hemisphere's influenza vaccine components were mismatched with the predominant circulating viruses in 2007, 2009 and 2014. The seasonality of influenza B activity is more variable in tropical and subtropical regions than in temperate zones. Our data showed a common co-circulation of both influenza B lineages in northern Viet Nam, and it was difficult to predict which one was the predominant lineage. Quadrivalent influenza vaccines containing both lineages may improve the effectiveness of influenza vaccine programmes in the future.

The fourth national anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Nhung, N V; Hoa, N B; Sy, D N; Hennig, C M; Dean, A S

2015-06-01

Viet Nam's Fourth National Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Survey was conducted in 2011. To determine the prevalence of resistance to the four main first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in Viet Nam. Eighty clusters were selected using a probability proportion to size approach. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) against the four main first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs was performed. A total of 1629 smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) patients were eligible for culture. Of these, DST results were available for 1312 patients, including 1105 new TB cases, 195 previously treated TB cases and 12 cases with an unknown treatment history. The proportion of cases with resistance to any drug was 32.7% (95%CI 29.1-36.5) among new cases and 54.2% (95%CI 44.3-63.7) among previously treated cases. The proportion of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) cases was 4.0% (95%CI 2.5-5.4) in new cases and 23.3 (95%CI 16.7-29.9) in previously treated cases. The fourth drug resistance survey in Viet Nam found that the proportion of MDR-TB among new and previously treated cases was not significantly different from that in the 2005 survey. The National TB Programme should prioritise the detection and treatment of MDR-TB to reduce transmission of MDR-TB in the community.

Completeness and consistency in recording information in the tuberculosis case register, Cambodia, China and Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Hoa, N B; Wei, C; Sokun, C; Lauritsen, J M; Rieder, H L

2010-10-01

Tuberculosis (TB) case registers in Cambodia, two provinces in China and in Viet Nam. To determine completeness and consistency of information for quarterly reports on case finding and treatment outcome. A representative sample of TB case registers was selected in Cambodia, in two provinces in China and in Viet Nam. Quarterly reports were reproduced from double-entered, validated data to determine completeness and consistency. The dataset comprised 37,635 patient records in 2 calendar years. Only 0.2%, 3.6% and 1.1% of cases, respectively, in Cambodia, the two China provinces, and Viet Nam did not allow classification for the quarterly report on case finding. If the treatment outcome was reported as cured, it was correct in 99.9%, 85.7%, and 98.5% of the respective three jurisdictions: errors were mostly due to misclassification of completion as cure. Under-reporting of failures was more frequent than over-reporting in Cambodia and Viet Nam, while in the two provinces in China 84% of reported failures did not actually meet the bacteriological criterion. This evaluation demonstrates that recording essential information is exemplary in all three countries. It will be essential to carefully supervise the ability of staff to correctly define TB treatment outcome results in all three countries.

Antibiotic use and resistance in emerging economies: a situation analysis for Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Kinh Van; Thi Do, Nga Thuy; Chandna, Arjun; Nguyen, Trung Vu; Pham, Ca Van; Doan, Phuong Mai; Nguyen, An Quoc; Thi Nguyen, Chuc Kim; Larsson, Mattias; Escalante, Socorro; Olowokure, Babatunde; Laxminarayan, Ramanan; Gelband, Hellen; Horby, Peter; Thi Ngo, Ha Bich; Hoang, Mai Thanh; Farrar, Jeremy; Hien, Tran Tinh; Wertheim, Heiman F L

2013-12-10

Antimicrobial resistance is a major contemporary public health threat. Strategies to contain antimicrobial resistance have been comprehensively set forth, however in developing countries where the need for effective antimicrobials is greatest implementation has proved problematic. A better understanding of patterns and determinants of antibiotic use and resistance in emerging economies may permit more appropriately targeted interventions.Viet Nam, with a large population, high burden of infectious disease and relatively unrestricted access to medication, is an excellent case study of the difficulties faced by emerging economies in controlling antimicrobial resistance. Our working group conducted a situation analysis of the current patterns and determinants of antibiotic use and resistance in Viet Nam. International publications and local reports published between 1-1-1990 and 31-8-2012 were reviewed. All stakeholders analyzed the findings at a policy workshop and feasible recommendations were suggested to improve antibiotic use in Viet Nam.Here we report the results of our situation analysis focusing on: the healthcare system, drug regulation and supply; antibiotic resistance and infection control; and agricultural antibiotic use. Market reforms have improved healthcare access in Viet Nam and contributed to better health outcomes. However, increased accessibility has been accompanied by injudicious antibiotic use in hospitals and the community, with predictable escalation in bacterial resistance. Prescribing practices are poor and self-medication is common - often being the most affordable way to access healthcare. Many policies exist to regulate antibiotic use but enforcement is insufficient or lacking.Pneumococcal penicillin-resistance rates are the highest in Asia and carbapenem-resistant bacteria (notably NDM-1) have recently emerged. Hospital acquired infections, predominantly with multi-drug resistant Gram-negative organisms, place additional strain on

JPRS Report, East Asia, Vietnam: TAP CHI CONG SAN, No. 10, October 1987

Science.gov (United States)

1988-02-09

Followers in the Countries of Latin America [ Tran Anh] 48 JPRS-ATC-88-002 9 February 1988 VIETNAM: TAP CHI CONG SAN No 10, October 1987 [Except...character is not simply an ideological-political category applied in literature. Our party, as Truong Chinh said at the Third National Literature and Art...Hanoi TAP CHI CONG SAN in Vietnamese No 10, Oct 87pp 39-42 [Article by Nguyen Dang Quang, assistant editor-in-chief of GIAO DUC LY LUAN Journal

The promises and perils of hospital autonomy: reform by decree in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

London, Jonathan D

2013-11-01

This article investigates impacts of hospital autonomization in Viet Nam employing a "decision-space" framework that examines how hospitals have used their increased discretion and to what effect. Analysis suggests autonomization is associated with increased revenue, increasing staff pay, and greater investment in infrastructure and equipment. But autonomization is also associated with more costly and intensive treatment methods of uncertain contribution to the Vietnamese government's stated goal of quality healthcare for all. Impacts of autonomization in district hospitals are less striking. Despite certain limitations, the analysis generates key insights into early stages of hospital autonomization in Viet Nam. Copyright © 2013 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Enterovirus D68 in Viet Nam (2009-2015 [version 1; referees: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations

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Nguyen Thi Han Ny

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Background: Since 1962, enterovirus D68 (EV-D68 has been implicated in multiple outbreaks and sporadic cases of respiratory infection worldwide, but especially in the USA and Europe with an increasing frequency between 2010 and 2014. We describe the detection, associated clinical features and molecular characterization of EV-D68 in central and southern Viet Nam between 2009 and 2015. Methods: Enterovirus/rhinovirus PCR positive respiratory or CSF samples taken from children and adults with respiratory/central nervous system infections in Viet Nam were tested by an EV-D68 specific PCR. The included samples were derived from 3 different observational studies conducted at referral hospitals across central and southern Viet Nam between 2009 and 2015. Whole-genome sequencing was carried out using a MiSeq based approach. Phylogenetic reconstruction and estimation of evolutionary rate and recombination were carried out in BEAST and Recombination Detection Program, respectively. Results: EV-D68 was detected in 21/625 (3.4% enterovirus/rhinovirus PCR positive respiratory samples but in none of the 15 CSF. All the EV-D68 patients were young children (age range: 11.8 – 24.5 months and had moderate respiratory infections. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the Vietnamese sequences clustered with those from Asian countries, of which 9 fell in the B1 clade, and the remaining sequence was identified within the A2 clade. One intra sub-clade recombination event was detected, representing the second reported recombination within EV-D68. The evolutionary rate of EV-D68 was estimated to be 5.12E-3 substitutions/site/year. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the virus was imported into Viet Nam in 2008. Conclusions: We have demonstrated for the first time EV-D68 has been circulating at low levels in Viet Nam since 2008, associated with moderate acute respiratory infection in children. EV-D68 in Viet Nam is most closely related to Asian viruses, and clusters

Achados oculares em crianças com toxoplasmose congênita

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Janer Aparecida Silveira Soares

2011-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Conhecer as lesões oculares mais frequentes encontradas em crianças expostas à toxoplasmose congênita. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, a partir de uma coorte histórica, de abordagem quantitativa. Foram avaliadas crianças encaminhadas de um serviço de infectologia pediátrica e inseridas apenas aquelas com diagnóstico confirmado de toxoplasmose congênita. A avaliação oftalmológica incluiu o mapeamento de retina sequencial, sob dilatação pupilar. RESULTADOS: Das 58 crianças presumivelmente expostas ao risco de doença durante a gestação, 20 apresentaram lesões oftalmológicas ao longo do primeiro ano de vida (34 olhos. Destas, 12 estavam assintomáticas ao nascimento. Estrabismo foi registrado em 14 crianças (70%. Em uma criança observou-se ptose palpebral e em outra diminuição da fenda palpebral (microftalmia. Retinocoroidite foi a complicação mais frequente, presente em todas as 20 crianças. Sete crianças apresentaram alterações unilaterais (35% e 13 crianças apresentaram alterações bilaterais (65%, prevalecendo a localização no polo posterior e mácula. CONCLUSÃO: Retinocoroidite e estrabismo destacaram-se como importantes sequelas da toxoplasmose congênita.

Deforestation in Viet Nam | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Deforestation in Viet Nam reports on a innovative and timely study by a team of Vietnamese and Canadian researchers. It presents a labourious historical analysis of the smallest changes affecting soil use, forest cover, population, and political and socioeconomic characteristics. The book concludes with suggestions for ...

Registo da Infecção Congénita por Vírus Citomegálico Humano

OpenAIRE

Paixão, P; Neto, MT; Brito, MJ; Rocha, G; Marques, T

2011-01-01

Introdução: O HCMV é a principal causa de infecção congénita em todo o mundo. Estima-se que em Portugal a prevalência se situe entre 0,7% e 1%. Em 2006 teve início o registo nacional de casos de infecção congénita por CMV realizado pela Unidade de Vigilância Pediátrica da Sociedade Portuguesa de Pediatria (UVP–SPP). O objectivo foi conhecer a epidemiologia da infecção congénita por CMV em Portugal e a evolução das crianças afectadas. Um outro objectivo era preparar um protocolo de di...

Ecological Modernisation Theory and Industrialising Economies : The Case of Viet Nam

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Frijns, J.; Phuong Thuy Phung,; Mol, A.P.J.

2000-01-01

As Ecological Modernisation Theory has been developed against the background of European industrialised societies, the value and applicability of Ecological Modernisation Theory for developing or industrialising economies is often questioned. This article explores this controversy by taking Viet Nam

Criteria for prioritization of HIV programs in Viet Nam: a discrete choice experiment.

Science.gov (United States)

Safarnejad, Ali; Pavlova, Milena; Son, Vo Hai; Phuong, Huynh Lan; Groot, Wim

2017-11-13

With the decline in funding for Viet Nam's response to the HIV epidemic, there is a need for evidence on the criteria to guide the prioritization of HIV programs. There is a gap in the research on the relative importance of multiple criteria for prioritizing a package of interventions. This study elicits preferences and the trade-offs made between different HIV programs by relevant stakeholders and decision-makers in Viet Nam. It also pays attention to how differences in social and professional characteristics of stakeholders and their agency affiliations shape preferences for HIV program criteria in Viet Nam. This study uses self-explicated ranking and discrete choice experiments to determine the relative importance of five criteria - effectiveness, feasibility, cost-effectiveness, rate of investment and prevention/treatment investment ratio - to stakeholders when they evaluate and select hypothetical HIV programs. The study includes 69 participants from government, civil society, and international development partners. Results of the discrete choice experiment show that overall the feasibility criterion is ranked highest in importance to the participants when choosing a hypothetical HIV program, followed by sustainability, treatment to prevention spending ratio, and effectiveness. The participant's work in management, programming, or decision-making has a significant effect on the importance of some criteria to the participant. In the self-explicated ranking effectiveness is the most important criterion and the cost-effectiveness criterion ranks low in importance across all groups. This study has shown that the preferred HIV program in Viet Nam is feasible, front-loaded for sustainability, has a higher proportion of investment on prevention, saves more lives and prevents more infections. Similarities in government and civil society rankings of criteria can create common grounds for future policy dialogues between stakeholders. Innovative models of planning should

Maternal health care utilization in Viet Nam: increasing ethnic inequity.

Science.gov (United States)

Målqvist, Mats; Lincetto, Ornella; Du, Nguyen Huy; Burgess, Craig; Hoa, Dinh Thi Phuong

2013-04-01

To investigate changes that took place between 2006 and 2010 in the inequity gap for antenatal care attendance and delivery at health facilities among women in Viet Nam. Demographic, socioeconomic and obstetric data for women aged 15-49 years were extracted from Viet Nam's Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey for 2006 (MICS3) and 2010-2011 (MICS4). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine if antenatal care attendance and place of delivery were significantly associated with maternal education, maternal ethnicity (Kinh/Hoa versus other), household wealth and place of residence (urban versus rural). These independent variables correspond to the analytical framework of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Large discrepancies between urban and rural populations were found in both MICS3 and MICS4. Although antenatal care attendance and health facility delivery rates improved substantially between surveys (from 86.3 to 92.1% and from 76.2 to 89.7%, respectively), inequities increased, especially along ethnic lines. The risk of not giving birth in a health facility increased significantly among ethnic minority women living in rural areas. In 2006 this risk was nearly five times higher than among women of Kinh/Hoa (majority) ethnicity (odds ratio, OR: 4.67; 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.94-7.43); in 2010-2011 it had become nearly 20 times higher (OR: 18.8; 95% CI: 8.96-39.2). Inequity in maternal health care utilization has increased progressively in Viet Nam, primarily along ethnic lines, and vulnerable groups in the country are at risk of being left behind. Health-care decision-makers should target these groups through affirmative action and culturally sensitive interventions.

Financial burden of household out-of pocket health expenditure in Viet Nam: findings from the National Living Standard Survey 2002-2010.

Science.gov (United States)

Van Minh, Hoang; Kim Phuong, Nguyen Thi; Saksena, Priyanka; James, Chris D; Xu, Ke

2013-11-01

In Viet Nam, household direct out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure as a share of the total health expenditure has been always high, ranging from 50% to 70%. The high share of OOP expenditure has been linked to different inequity problems such as catastrophic health expenditure (households must reduce their expenditure on other necessities) and impoverishment. This paper aims to examine catastrophic and poverty impacts of household out-of-pocket health expenditure in Viet Nam over time and identify socio-economic indicators associated with them. Data used in this research were obtained from a nationally representative household survey, Viet Nam Living Standard Survey 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008 and 2010. The findings revealed that there were problems in health care financing in Viet Nam - many households encountered catastrophic health expenditure and/or were pushed into poverty due to health care payments. The issues were pervasive over time. Catastrophic expenditure and impoverishment problems were more common among the households who had more elderly people and those located in rural areas. Importantly, the financial protection aspect of the national health insurance schemes was still modest. Given these findings, more attention is needed on developing methods of financial protection in Viet Nam. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Prevención de la toxoplasmosis congénita en un hospital de Buenos Aires

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Liliana Carral

2013-06-01

Full Text Available La prevención de la toxoplasmosis congénita se basa en la información de la mujer con medidas de prevención primaria, el diagnóstico serológico y el tratamiento de la embarazada y del niño. Se presentan los resultados de 12 años de implementación de un programa de prevención de la toxoplasmosis congénita, la tasa de madres infectadas, de transmisión vertical, de niños infectados y la gravedad de la afección causada. Se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo sobre 12 035 gestantes atendidas en la maternidad del Hospital Alemán de Buenos Aires entre enero de 2000 y diciembre de 2011. Se observó una prevalencia de anticuerpos anti Toxoplasma gondii de 18.33% (2 206/12 035. Treinta y siete mujeres de 9 792 susceptibles tuvieron infección aguda, la tasa de incidencia de infección materna fue de 3.78 por 1 000 nacimientos. La tasa de transmisión transplacentaria de la infección fue 5.4% (2/37. Dos recién nacidos tuvieron toxoplasmosis congénita, uno no tuvo signos clínicos y el otro presentó coriorretinitis y estrabismo. Recibieron tratamiento 35 madres y los 2 niños con toxoplasmosis congénita. En conclusión: Las cifras de transmisión obtenida permiten considerar a este programa de prevención como un recurso válido para minimizar el impacto de la toxoplasmosis congénita.

Some Aspects of the Teaching of English in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Le Van Diem

In regard to the teaching of English, which is replacing French as a foreign language, Viet Nam presents some unique aspects and some individual problems. More secondary school students are selecting English as their foreign language choice; English departments in the universities are expanding rapidly; the teacher shortage is increasing. One…

The formulation and implementation of a national helmet law: a case study from Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Passmore, Jonathon W; Nguyen, Lan Huong; Nguyen, Nam Phuong; Olivé, Jean-Marc

2010-10-01

Road traffic injuries are a leading cause of death and disability in Viet Nam. In 2008, official data reported 11 243 deaths and 7771 serious injuries on the roads, of which an estimated 60% of fatalities occur in motorcycle riders and passengers. In recognition of this problem, Viet Nam has had partial motorcycle helmet legislation since 1995. However, for a variety of reasons, implementation and enforcement have been limited. On 15 December 2007, Viet Nam's first comprehensive mandatory helmet law came into effect, covering all riders and passengers on all roads nationwide. Penalties increased ten-fold and cohorts of police were mobilized for enforcement. The Viet Nam national helmet legislation was developed and implemented by the National Traffic Safety Committee. Despite past barriers to enforcement, increased policing in 2008 led to 680 000 infringements being issued for non-helmet wearing. While changes in helmet wearing were not nationally observed, significant increases were documented in selected provinces in the first six months of the law's introduction. In Da Nang, helmet wearing increased from 27 to 99%. In the first three months after the law took effect, surveillance data from 20 urban and rural hospitals, found the risk of road traffic head injuries and deaths decreased by 16% and 18% respectively. Political leadership, intensive advanced public education and stringent enforcement have contributed to the successful implementation of the new law. Through continual monitoring of the legislation, loopholes detrimental to the effectiveness of the law have been identified and addressed.

Supply- and Demand-Side Factors Influencing Utilization of Infant and Young Child Feeding Counselling Services in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Phuong H; Kim, Sunny S; Nguyen, Tuan T; Tran, Lan M; Hajeebhoy, Nemat; Frongillo, Edward A; Ruel, Marie T; Rawat, Rahul; Menon, Purnima

2016-01-01

Adequate utilization of services is critical to maximize the impact of counselling on infant and young child feeding (IYCF), but little is known about factors affecting utilization. Our study examined supply- and demand-side factors associated with the utilization of IYCF counselling services in Viet Nam. We used survey data from mothers with children Viet Nam, and may be relevant for increasing and sustaining use of nutrition services in similar contexts.

The Scientific and Technical Revolution in the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Vien, Nguyen Khac

1979-01-01

Discussed are the reasons for the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam's scientific backwardness. A development project which will enable this country to become a modern, economically self-sufficient country by the year 2000 is outlined. (BT)

Reliability analysis of the Red River dikes system in Viet Nam

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pham Quang, T.

2014-01-01

This dissertation presents the applications of probabilistic-based frameworks in geotechnical and hydraulic engineering, for the assessment of the Red River dikes in Viet Nam. Dike along rivers often spread over the deltaic environment and its earthen structures are parts of a long civilian history,

Time to unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcome, Cambodia, China, and Viet Nam

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoa, N B; Sokun, C; Wei, C

2012-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and characteristics of patients with unsuccessful tuberculosis (TB) treatment. METHODS: Random selection of TB case registers among all treatment units in Cambodia, two provinces in China, and Viet Nam. The data of two calendar years were analyzed to assess u...

Tax Rates Effects on the Risk Level of Listed Viet Nam Wholesale ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

user

The emerging stock market in Viet Nam has been developed since 2006 and was affected ... positive relationship with the increasing levels of tax rate. Finally, this ... Hypothesis 1: because tax may strongly affect business returns, changing tax.

Circulation of influenza B lineages in northern Viet Nam, 2007–2014

Science.gov (United States)

Le, Thi Thanh; Pham, Thu Hang; Pham, Thi Hien; Nguyen, Le Khanh Hang; Hoang, Vu Mai Phuong; Tran, Thu Huong; Nguyen, Vu Son; Ngo, Huong Giang

2015-01-01

Introduction Influenza B viruses circulate throughout Viet Nam, and their activities vary by region. There have been two antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B viruses co-circulating in the past 20 years; however, only one lineage is selected as a component of contemporary trivalent seasonal influenza vaccines. To improve the understanding of circulating influenza B lineages and influenza vaccine mismatches, we report the virus lineages circulating in northern Viet Nam over an eight-year period (2007–2014). Methods Lineages of 331 influenza B viruses were characterized by haemagglutination inhibition assay against standard reference ferret (Yamagata) and sheep (Victoria) antisera. Sequence analysis of the haemagglutinin gene was performed in 64 selected influenza B isolates. Results The proportion of influenza B lineages changed by year. The Yamagata lineage predominated in 2007, 2008 and 2012; the Victoria lineage predominated in 2009–2014 except 2012. The two lineages showed continuous evolution over time. The Northern Hemisphere’s influenza vaccine components were mismatched with the predominant circulating viruses in 2007, 2009 and 2014. Discussion The seasonality of influenza B activity is more variable in tropical and subtropical regions than in temperate zones. Our data showed a common co-circulation of both influenza B lineages in northern Viet Nam, and it was difficult to predict which one was the predominant lineage. Quadrivalent influenza vaccines containing both lineages may improve the effectiveness of influenza vaccine programmes in the future. PMID:26798557

Inclusion in Viet Nam: More than a Decade of Implementation.

Science.gov (United States)

Villa, Richard A.; Tac, Le Van; Muc, Pham Minh; Ryan, Susan; Thuy, Nguyen Thi Minh; Weill, Cindy; Thousand, Jacqueline S.

2003-01-01

This article traces the evolution of special education policies and services and the introduction of inclusive education as a service delivery model in Viet Nam. The impact of a series of inclusion projects and resultant goals of the Ministry of Education and Training to expand inclusive education are described. (Contains 8 references.) (Author/CR)

Risk Factors for Chronic Disease in Viet Nam: A Review of the Literature

Science.gov (United States)

Rao, Chalapati; Nhung, Nguyen Thi Trang; Marks, Geoffrey; Hoa, Nguyen Phuong

2013-01-01

Introduction Chronic diseases account for most of the disease burden in low- and middle-income countries, particularly those in Asia. We reviewed literature on chronic disease risk factors in Viet Nam to identify patterns and data gaps. Methods All population-based studies published from 2000 to 2012 that reported chronic disease risk factors were considered. We used standard chronic disease terminology to search PubMed and assessed titles, abstracts, and articles for eligibility for inclusion. We summarized relevant study information in tables listing available studies, risk factors measured, and the prevalence of these risk factors. Results We identified 23 studies conducted before 2010. The most common age range studied was 25 to 64 years. Sample sizes varied, and sample frames were national in 5 studies. A combination of behavioral, physical, and biological risk factors was studied. Being overweight or obese was the most common risk factor studied (n = 14), followed by high blood pressure (n = 11) and tobacco use (n = 10). Tobacco and alcohol use were high among men, and tobacco use may be increasing among Vietnamese women. High blood pressure is common; however, people’s knowledge that they have high blood pressure may be low. A high proportion of diets do not meet international criteria for fruit and vegetable consumption. Prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing. None of the studies evaluated measured dietary patterns or total caloric intake, and only 1 study measured dietary salt intake. Conclusion Risk factors for chronic diseases are common in Viet Nam; however, more recent and context-specific information is required for planning and monitoring interventions to reduce risk factors and chronic disease in this country. PMID:23306076

Aplasia Cutis Congénita: Presentación de un caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosa María Alonso Uría

1998-06-01

Full Text Available Se reportó el caso de un recién nacido, hijo de madre secundigesta, con una malformación congénita del cuero cabelludo, del tipo aplasia cutis congénita. Se describieron las características clínicas de ésta, su evolución, pronóstico y tratamiento. Se hizo énfasis en el cuidado y la prevención de las complicaciones, fundamentalmente infecciosas, en este tipo de neonatosThe case of a newborn, son of a secundigravida, with a congenital malformation of the scalp denominated aplasia cutis congenita is reported. Its clinical characteristics, evolutions, prognosis and treatment are described. Emphasis is made on the care and prevention of the complications, mainly infectious, in this type of neonates

Anoftalmia clínica bilateral associada à hidrocefalia congênita em cão

OpenAIRE

Palumbo,Mariana Isa Poci; Conti,Jorge Piovesan; Doiche,Danuta Pulz; Mamprim,Maria Jaqueline; Lourenço,Maria Lúcia Gomes; Machado,Luiz Henrique de Araújo

2011-01-01

A ausência completa do bulbo ocular é muito rara em cães e gatos, enquanto a hidrocefalia é comumente observada como distúrbio congênito em cães de raças miniatura ou braquicefálicas, com menos de um ano de idade. O presente trabalho relata a ocorrência de anoftalmia clínica bilateral associada à hidrocefalia congênita em um cão da raça poodle, sendo este o primeiro relato de caso da associação dessas alterações no Brasil.

Business plan for a startup: Yen Viet Company

OpenAIRE

Truong, Hang

2015-01-01

The main objective of this thesis is to create a business plan for Yen Viet Company, to help the founder to discover whether the business idea is feasible or not. The business plan consists of these elements: executive summary, description of the company, business strategy and industry profile, description of the firm’s products and services, marketing strategy, description of the management team, financial plan, and financial plan. Exploratory analysis is chosen as the research method i...

Prevalence of latent tuberculous infection among adults in the general population of Ca Mau, Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Marks, G B; Nhung, N V; Nguyen, T A; Hoa, N B; Khoa, T H; Son, N V; Phuong, N T B; Tin, D M; Ho, J; Fox, G J

2018-03-01

The study was conducted in a randomly selected sample of persons aged 15 years living in Ca Mau Province, southern Viet Nam. To estimate the prevalence of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) in the general adult population of this province of Viet Nam. The secondary objective was to examine age and sex differences in prevalence. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a cluster-random sample of the population. Clusters were subcommunes. The presence of LTBI was assessed using the QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube test system. QuantiFERON tests were performed among 1319 persons aged 15 years (77.7% of those selected). The overall prevalence of positive tests was 36.8% (95%CI 33.4-40.3). The prevalence of a positive test was lower in females than in males (31.0% vs. 44.7%, OR 0.57, 95%CI 0.45-0.72, P Viet Nam have evidence of LTBI. Although LTBI prevalence is higher in males, the sex difference is not as great as that for TB notification rates.

Viet Nam at the Crossroads: The Role of Science and Technology ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

In response, IDRC and CIDA assembled a team of experts into a mission with the following objectives: Assess the impact of current Vietnamese science and technology policies on the economic and social development of Viet Nam;. Compare the Vietnamese experience with regard to science and technology policies with ...

Criteria for prioritization of HIV programs in Viet Nam: a discrete choice experiment

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Ali Safarnejad

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background With the decline in funding for Viet Nam’s response to the HIV epidemic, there is a need for evidence on the criteria to guide the prioritization of HIV programs. There is a gap in the research on the relative importance of multiple criteria for prioritizing a package of interventions. This study elicits preferences and the trade-offs made between different HIV programs by relevant stakeholders and decision-makers in Viet Nam. It also pays attention to how differences in social and professional characteristics of stakeholders and their agency affiliations shape preferences for HIV program criteria in Viet Nam. Methods This study uses self-explicated ranking and discrete choice experiments to determine the relative importance of five criteria - effectiveness, feasibility, cost-effectiveness, rate of investment and prevention/treatment investment ratio - to stakeholders when they evaluate and select hypothetical HIV programs. The study includes 69 participants from government, civil society, and international development partners. Results Results of the discrete choice experiment show that overall the feasibility criterion is ranked highest in importance to the participants when choosing a hypothetical HIV program, followed by sustainability, treatment to prevention spending ratio, and effectiveness. The participant’s work in management, programming, or decision-making has a significant effect on the importance of some criteria to the participant. In the self-explicated ranking effectiveness is the most important criterion and the cost-effectiveness criterion ranks low in importance across all groups. Conclusions This study has shown that the preferred HIV program in Viet Nam is feasible, front-loaded for sustainability, has a higher proportion of investment on prevention, saves more lives and prevents more infections. Similarities in government and civil society rankings of criteria can create common grounds for future

Childhood tuberculosis in northern Viet Nam: a review of 103 cases.

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Blount, Robert J; Tran, Bao; Jarlsberg, Leah G; Phan, Ha; Thanh Hoang, Van; Nguyen, Nhung Viet; Lewinsohn, Deborah A; Nahid, Payam

2014-01-01

Childhood tuberculosis causes significant morbidity and mortality in Southeast Asia, yet little is known about the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of this disease in Viet Nam. To determine the demographics, clinical presentations, radiographic and microbiologic findings, treatment regimens, and outcomes of children admitted with tuberculosis (TB) to a national referral hospital in Viet Nam. We conducted a retrospective case series study of children ≤ 15 years old with bacteriologically confirmed or clinically diagnosed TB admitted to a national referral hospital in Ha Noi, Viet Nam from January through December 2007. One hundred three children were identified: median age 5 years (IQR 2-10), 44% female, 99% Kinh ethnicity, 27% residing in Ha Noi, 88% with BCG vaccination, 27% with known TB contact, and 38% malnourished. Intrathoracic TB was present in 62%, extrathoracic in 52%, both intra and extrathoracic in 19%, and undetermined site in 5%. The most common extrathoracic manifestation was peripheral lymphadenitis, and children under 5 were more likely to have miliary TB or both intra and extrathoracic TB. Fever and failure to thrive were common presenting symptoms among all participants (65% and 56%, respectively), 66% of those with intrathoracic TB presented with cough, and 92% of those with TB meningitis presented with severe neurologic impairment. Acid-fast bacilli smears and mycobacterial cultures were positive in 18% and 21% of children tested, and histopathology was positive in 88% of those biopsied. There were no adverse drug reactions necessitating change in therapy, and no inpatient mortality. Extrathoracic TB was common, treatment well tolerated and clinical outcomes excellent. Culture confirmation rates were low and emphasize the need for improved diagnostics.

The effects of placing an operational research fellow within the Viet Nam National Tuberculosis Programme.

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Hoa, N B; Nhung, N V; Kumar, A M V; Harries, A D

2016-12-21

In April 2009, an operational research fellow was placed within the Viet Nam National Tuberculosis Control Programme (NTP). Over the 6 years from 2010 to 2015, the OR fellow co-authored 21 tuberculosis research papers (as principal author in 15 [71%]). This constituted 23% of the 91 tuberculosis papers published in Viet Nam during this period. Of the 21 published papers, 16 (76%) contributed to changes in policy ( n = 8) and practice ( n = 8), and these in turn improved programme performance. Many papers also contributed important evidence for better programme planning. Highly motivated OR fellows embedded within NTPs can facilitate high-quality research and research uptake.

Bases moleculares del hipotiroidismo congénito

OpenAIRE

Pinzón-Serrano, Estefanía; Morán-Barroso, Verónica; Coyote-Estrada, Ninel

2006-01-01

Las alteraciones endocrinológicas constituyen parte importante de la consulta pediátrica, la más frecuente es el hipotiroidismo congénito, grave problema de salud pública que requiere de diagnóstico neonatal. Los avances en el estudio molecular han permitido discernir las alteraciones en los procesos de organogénesis y hormonogénesis que lo producen. Se describen las principales alteraciones moleculares relacionadas con: diferenciación tiroidea, síntesis hormonal, hipotiroidismo central y con...

Cooperative learning vs confucian heritage culture's collectivism. The analysis in Viet Nam

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nguyen, Phuong-Mai; Terlouw, C.; Pilot, A.

2005-01-01

Confucian Heritage Cultures (CHC) such as Viet Nam, China, Korea, Japan, Hong Kong and Singapore are proven to share characteristics of Collectivist society. Researchers agree that this collectivist mentality supports cooperation, that CHC’s learners/workers best perform in groups. Not satisfied

Does Military Culture Adequately Prepare Senior Leaders to Provide Clear Objective, and Useful Strategic Advice?

Science.gov (United States)

2012-05-17

relegate South Vietnamese forces to the fight against the Viet Cong in lieu of training and employing them in the fight against the existential threat...counter insurgencies in foreign countries that are ostensibly of minimal threat to the existential being of the United States. Since insurgent threats to...profound difference between the will to understand for purposes of coexistence and humanistic enlargement of horizons, and the will to dominate for

Touchstone for Japan's Export of nuclear power plant system. Vinh Hai unit 1 and 2 project in the Ninh Thuan province in Viet Nam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mitsumata, Hiroki; Takekuro, Ichiro; Kaneko, Kumao; Suzuki, Hideaki; Saito, Shinzo

2011-01-01

'Japan-Viet Nam Joint Statement on the Strategic Partnership for Peace and Prosperity in Asia' issued after the meeting between Japan-Viet Nam Prime Ministers on October 31, affirmed that the Vietnamese Government had decided to choose Japan as the cooperation partner for building Vinh Hai Unit 1 and 2 Project in the Ninh Thuan Province, southern Viet Nam, which showed substantially an order of Japan was arranged informally. 'International Nuclear Energy Development of Japan Co., Ltd. (JINED)' set up by industry and government, would negotiate to decide fundamental parameters such as type and power of nuclear power plants with the start of operation scheduled in 2021. This special issue consisted of six articles on significance of the project of Japan's first export, feasibility studies and future perspective and regional effects with introduction of nuclear power station in Viet Nam. (T. Tanaka)

Reoperação nas esotropias congênita e essencial adquirida não acomodativa

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Fábio Ejzenbaum

2011-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados das reoperações nas esotropias congênita e essencial adquirida não acomodativa. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 393 prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico de esotropia (91 esotropias congênitas e 302 adquiridas no Departamento de Oftalmologia da Santa Casa de São Paulo, operados entre os anos de 2000 e 2004. RESULTADOS: No grupo dos portadores de esotropia congênita, 9 pacientes foram reoperados (9,9%. As indicações para a nova intervenção foram: subcorreções (3,3%, supercorreções (2,2%, anisotropia (V (1,1%, hipotropia (1,1% e divergências visuais dissociadas (2,2%. No grupo dos portadores de esotropia essencial adquirida não acomodativa 31 pacientes foram reoperados (10,3%. As indicações para a nova intervenção foram: subcorreções (n=6,6%, supercorreções (n=2% e hipertropias (n=1,7%. CONCLUSÕES: A porcentagem de reoperação nos casos de esotropia congênita e essencial adquirida não acomodativa foram 9,9% e 10,2% respectivamente, com predominância de subcorreções nas indicações para a realização de nova cirurgia. A presença de ambliopia e desvios maiores que 50∆ na esotropia essencial adquirida não acomodativa (EEANA foram os mais importantes fatores para maus resultados.

Manejo exitoso de hernia diafragmática congénita con ECMO. Primer reporte de caso en México

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Ulises Garza-Serna

2017-11-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: la hernia diafragmática congénita es una enfermedad que afecta a 1 de 3000 recién nacidos, con un alto índice de morbilidad y mortalidad, especialmente si se presenta con otras malformaciones como las anomalías congénitas cardiacas. El manejo del paciente con este padecimiento debe ser tratado de forma multidisciplinaria e incluir su evaluación prenatal y atención posnatal. OBJETIVO: reportar el primer caso exitoso en México de un paciente con hernia diafragmática congénita manejado con membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea. CASO CLÍNICO: paciente masculino de 37.5 semanas de gestación con diagnóstico prenatal de hernia diafragmática congénita a las 24 semanas de gestación sin otras anomalías congénitas; índice pulmón/ cabeza de 1.7. A las seis horas de nacido presentó saturación de oxígeno preductal de 78% y posductal a 58% con índice de oxigenación de 41, a pesar del tratamiento agresivo médico y ventilatorio, por lo que se necesitó la intervención e implementación de la membrana de circulación extracorpórea.

Foot-and-mouth disease virus typing from foot-and-mouth outbreaks in the central provinces of Viet Nam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nguyen Luong Hien

2000-01-01

A total of 167 tissue samples were collected from Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) infected animals from 57 FMD outbreaks to detect the sero-type of the FMD virus by the ELISA technique. The ELISA kit has been prepared and standardised by the World Reference Laboratory (WRL), UK and supplied under a Research Contract as part of an FAO/IAEA Co-ordinated Research Project. Eight tissue samples from cattle and one tissue sample from pig were sent to WRL for further study on the sero-type and to characterize the FMD viruses present in Viet Nam. The study was carried out from March 1996 to May 1998 in the central region of Viet Nam and the FMD type O virus was detected in these outbreaks only. The FMD type O virus from cattle and the FMD type O virus from pig are two distinct FMD type O viruses in Viet Nam. (author)

Decreasing In-home Smoking of Adults—Results from a School-based Intervention Program in Viet Nam

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Le Thi Thanh Huong

2016-10-01

Full Text Available It is indicated that children are involuntarily exposed to secondhand smoke from adults, mainly at their home environment. This study aimed at describing the effectiveness of the school-based intervention to decrease the in-home smoking situation of adults so as to decrease children’s exposure to secondhand smoke at home during the year 2011–2012 in a rural district in Hanoi, Viet Nam. This school-based intervention program (intervention and control group involved 804 children aged 8 to 11 years from August 2011 to May 2012 in a rural district of Hanoi, Viet Nam. Children were taught in class about the harmful effects of secondhand smoke and about how to negotiate with fathers not to smoke in-home. Then children applied what they learnt, including staying away from secondhand smoke and persuading fathers not to smoke in-home in order to decrease children’s exposure to secondhand smoke. Chi square test, t-test and multinominal logistic regression were applied in data analysis. The results showed that children’s reported their father’s in-home smoking decreased from 83.0% pre-intervention to 59.8% post-intervention (p < 0.001 in the intervention school while no change happened in the control school. The study found that the better changed smoking location of adult smokers as reported by children associated with the school who received intervention activities (adjusted OR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.28–3.24. Poorer changed attitudes towards secondhand smoke of children associated with a lower percentage of better change in smoking location of their fathers/other adult smokers (aOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28–0.96. Children’s poorer changed knowledge towards secondhand smoke also associated with poorer changed smoking location of adult smokers (aOR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.07–7.76. It is recommended by this study that similar school based intervention approaches should be applied in primary schools in Viet Nam to increase children’s awareness on the

Early marriage and intimate partner violence among adolescents and young adults in Viet Nam.

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Hong Le, Minh Thi; Tran, Thach Duc; Nguyen, Huong Thanh; Fisher, Jane

2014-03-01

Research about the association between early marriage and intimate partner violence (IPV) in low-income countries has yielded conflicting evidence. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of and associations between early marriage, and IPV among adolescents and young adults in Viet Nam. Secondary analysis of data from the national Survey Assessment of Viet Namese Youth-Round II (SAVY-II) conducted in 2009-2010, which assessed a representative cohort of people aged 14 to 25 years recruited via a systematic household survey was undertaken. Prevalence was established using descriptive statistics. The association between early marriage and IPV was examined using multiple logistic regressions, adjusting for potential risk factors. Of 10,044 participants, 1,701 had ever married and were included in analyses. Early marriage (before age 18), and experiences of verbal, physical, or sexual IPV were more common among females than males. More young married men than women reported experiences of controlling behaviors by their partners. Early marriage, being illiterate, and exposure to sexual abuse were associated with experience of IPV among young females, but not among young males. Poverty and exposure to family violence was associated with IPV in both sexes. Addressing early marriage, low educational opportunities for girls, childhood sexual abuse, family violence, and poverty should be considered in strategies to reduce IPV in Viet Nam.

Mortalidad infantil por malformaciones congénitas en Argentina: análisis del quinquenio 2002-2006

OpenAIRE

Bronberg, Rubén; Alfaro, Emma; Chaves, Estela; Dipierri, José

2009-01-01

Objetivo. Analizar la distribución espacial y temporal de la mortalidad infantil por malformaciones congénitas en la Argentina entre 2002-2006. Materiales y métodos. Los datos provinieron del Ministerio de Salud. Las malformaciones congénitas se clasificaron según la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades, décima revisión. Se calcularon por departamentos, provincias y regiones, componentes de la mortalidad infantil (neonatal precoz y tardía y postneonatal), subconjuntos de malformaciones...

Aetiologies of central nervous system infection in Viet Nam: a prospective provincial hospital-based descriptive surveillance study.

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Nghia Ho Dang Trung

Full Text Available Infectious diseases of the central nervous system (CNS remain common and life-threatening, especially in developing countries. Knowledge of the aetiological agents responsible for these infections is essential to guide empiric therapy and develop a rational public health policy. To date most data has come from patients admitted to tertiary referral hospitals in Asia and there is limited aetiological data at the provincial hospital level where most patients are seen.We conducted a prospective Provincial Hospital-based descriptive surveillance study in adults and children at thirteen hospitals in central and southern Viet Nam between August 2007-April 2010. The pathogens of CNS infection were confirmed in CSF and blood samples by using classical microbiology, molecular diagnostics and serology.We recruited 1241 patients with clinically suspected infection of the CNS. An aetiological agent was identified in 640/1241 (52% of the patients. The most common pathogens were Streptococcus suis serotype 2 in patients older than 14 years of age (147/617, 24% and Japanese encephalitis virus in patients less than 14 years old (142/624, 23%. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed in 34/617 (6% adult patients and 11/624 (2% paediatric patients. The acute case fatality rate (CFR during hospital admission was 73/617 (12% in adults and to 42/624 (7% in children.Zoonotic bacterial and viral pathogens are the most common causes of CNS infection in adults and children in Viet Nam.

Infiltrating to Win: The Conduct of Border Denial Operations

Science.gov (United States)

2016-04-04

Vietnam through Laos and Cambodia. They did this while battling an insurgency by the Viet Cong. The Central Highlands along the Cambodian and South...in the twentieth century, Chinese communist revolutionary leader Mao Tse -Tung wrote that guerilla warfare was making front lines out of the enemy’s...17 Pape, Bombing to Win, 31-21. 18 Mao Tse -Tung, Selected Military Writings of Mao Tse -Tung, Problems of Strategy in Guerrilla War Against Japan

Operational Design: Distilling Clarity from Complexity for Decisive Action

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2012-08-01

de Hartog, Genghis Khan, 86–98. 3. Greene , 33 Strategies of War, 181. 4. US Army, Army Strategic Planning Guidance, 14–15. 5. Thayer, War without...the Course of World His- tory. New York: Universe Publishing, 2011. Greene , Robert. The 33 Strategies of War. New York: Penguin, 2007. Harari, Michal...Piaget, Jean, and Bärbel Inhelder. Memory and Intelligence. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973. Pike, Douglas. The Viet-Cong Strategy of Terror

Co-existence of Paragonimus harinasutai and Paragonimus bangkokensis metacercariae in fresh water crab hosts in central Viet Nam with special emphasis on their close phylogenetic relationship.

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Doanh, Pham Ngoc; Hien, Hoang Van; Nonaka, Nariaki; Horii, Yoichiro; Nawa, Yukifumi

2012-09-01

During our epidemiological surveys for Paragonimus species in central Viet Nam, we found four morphologically different Paragonimus metacercariae in mountainous crabs. They were identified as metacercariae of Paragonimus westermani, P. bangkokensis, P. proliferus, and P. harinasutai in the order of their prevalence in crab hosts. This is the first discovery of P. harinasutai in Viet Nam, co-inhabiting with P. bangkokensis and other species. Metacercariae of P. harinasutai were given orally to a cat to obtain adult worms. Then, ITS2 and CO1 sequences of metacercariae and adults of P. harinasutai, and metacercariae of P. bangkokensis collected from the same place were determined for analyses of phylogenetic relationships to other P. harinasutai and P. bangkokensis populations as well as related species. The results of molecular analyses showed that P. harinasutai from Quang Binh province of central Viet Nam was almost completely identical with those from Vientiane, Lao PDR; P. bangkokensis from Quang Binh, Viet Nam was also almost completely identical with those from Lao PDR and from Quang Ninh province, Viet Nam. Except for one P. harinasutai isolate from China, all populations of P. harinasutai and P. bangkokensis from Thailand, Lao and Viet Nam make a single clade in both ITS2 and CO1 trees. In ITS2 sequences, AT deletion and ATC insertion were observed in some isolates of both species, indicating recent gene flow between P. harinasutai and P. bangkokensis. Moreover, because of their extremely high genetic similarities and their co-inhabitation in the same crab hosts found in Thailand, Lao PDR and Viet Nam, they should be considered as the sister species at the early stage of divergence. In addition, P. microrchis previously described from Yunnan, China should be placed as the synonym of P. harinasutai, because of their morphological and molecular similarities. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Player or referee? Aid effectiveness and the governance of health policy development: Lessons from Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Dodd, Rebecca; Olivé, Jean-Marc

2011-01-01

Viet Nam is one of the brightest stars in the constellation of developing countries. Its remarkable achievements in reducing poverty and improving health and education outcomes are well known, and as a result it has enjoyed generous aid programmes. Viet Nam also has a reputation for taking a strong lead in disciplining its donors and pushing for more efficient and effective forms of aid delivery, both at home and internationally. This article discusses how efforts to improve the effectiveness of aid intersect with policy-making processes in the health sector. It presents a quantitative review of health aid flows in Viet Nam and a qualitative analysis of the aid environment using event analysis, participant observation and key informant interviews. The analysis reveals a complex and dynamic web of incentives influencing the implementation of the aid effectiveness agenda in the health sector. There are contradictory forces within the Ministry of Health, within government as a whole, within the donor community and between donors and government. Analytical frameworks drawn from the study of policy networks and governance can help explain these tensions. They suggest that governance of health aid in Viet Nam is characterised by multiple, overlapping 'policy networks' which cut across the traditional donor-government divide. The principles of aid effectiveness make sense for some of these communities, but for others they are irrational and may lead to a loss of influence and resources. However, sustained engagement combined with the building of strategic coalitions can overcome individual and institutional incentives. This article suggests that aid reform efforts should be understood not as a technocratic agenda but as a political process with all the associated tensions, perverse incentives and challenges. Partners thus need to recognise - and find new ways of making sense of - the complexity of forces affecting aid delivery.

Identifying factors for job motivation of rural health workers in North Viet Nam

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dieleman, Marjolein; Cuong, Pham Viet; Anh, Le Vu; Martineau, Tim

2003-01-01

BACKGROUND: In Viet Nam, most of the public health staff (84%) currently works in rural areas, where 80% of the people live. To provide good quality health care services, it is important to develop strategies influencing staff motivation for better performance. METHOD: An exploratory qualitative

Distance Education Policy and Public Awareness in Cambodia, Laos, and Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

Vuth, Doung; Than, Chhuon Chan; Phanousith, Somphone; Phissamay, Phonpasit; Tai, Tran Thi

2007-01-01

The current project brings together academic and governmental specialists from Cambodia, Laos, and Viet Nam (CLV), in a collaborative study of the prospects for distance education (DE) in those countries. The study's overall objectives are to: (1) survey and take stock of existing educational scenarios and problems in CLV; (2) document the…

Le Recul de la Forêt au Viet Nam

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le fait d'ignorer la réalité pragmatique dans un souci d'opportunisme politique ne ... Si le texte de l'étude que voici a été rédigé en solo, les choses ont été fort différentes sur ..... Parmi les ressources requises par le système mondial — mis en place par les .... Les guerres dont le Viet Nam a été le théâtre au cours du dernier ...

La sexualidad en adolescentes de la secundaria básica "Viet Nam" Sexuality of adolescent students in "Viet Nam" junior high school

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Elisa Puentes Rizo

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: en la actualidad existe en los adolescentes una temprana iniciación de las relaciones sexuales y cambios en la actitud social hacia la sexualidad. Objetivo: identificar las particularidades y conocimientos sobre sexualidad en adolescentes. Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva y transversal en adolescentes entre los 12 y 15 años, de la secundaria básica "Viet Nam" del municipio Arroyo Naranjo, durante los años 2009-2010. El universo estuvo constituido por 296 estudiantes y la muestra por 150, seleccionados mediante sorteo hasta completar 50 estudiantes de cada año. La información se obtuvo de una encuesta validada por el Ministerio de Educación. Todos los seleccionados expresaron su consentimiento para participar en la investigación. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino y los adolescentes de 15 años. El inicio de las relaciones sexuales fue a los 14 años en los muchachos y a los 15 en las muchachas; 72 (56,69 % adolescentes utilizaron el condón en su "primera vez". Las principales vías de obtención de información fueron los padres, profesores y la información televisiva. Hubo mayor conocimiento sobre VIH-sida, gonorrea y sífilis y menor sobre, herpes simple y clamidia. El condón resultó ser el método anticonceptivo más conocido. Conclusiones: hay un inicio precoz en las relaciones sexuales y poco conocimiento acerca de los métodos anticonceptivos biológicos o naturales, lo que pudiera estar indicando la importancia que tiene la familia, sobre todo los padres, los profesores y médicos de familia, en incrementar y mantener la labor educativa con los jóvenes en relación con la sexualidad.Introduction: there exists an early onset of sexual relations in adolescents at present, together with changes in the social attitude towards sexuality. Objective: to identify the particularities of and the knowledge on sexuality in adolescents. Methods: a cross-sectional and descriptive research study was

Sífilis congénita Congenital syphilis

OpenAIRE

Fernando Montoya

1992-01-01

Se discuten diversos aspectos de la sífilis congénita con énfasis en los siguientes: el hecho de que 60% de las madres que engendran niños sifil��ticos no presentan evidencia clínica de la enfermedad; la necesidad de ordenar un mínimo de dos serologías, al comienzo y al final del embarazo, ya que 15% de las embarazadas reactivas lo son sólo al final de la gestación; la disp...

Anoftalmia associada à catarata congênita: relato de caso Anophthalmia and congenital cataract: case report

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Alessandro Santana

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Apresentação de um caso de anoftalmia e catarata congênita associada a malformações sistêmicas. Paciente, 6 meses, do sexo masculino, com anoftalmia à esquerda e catarata congênita polar posterior à direita. Instituiu-se terapêutica cirúrgica por meio de aspiração do núcleo e córtex com pequena incisão sem implante de lente intra-ocular, e capsulorrexe posterior com vitrectomia. A associação entre anoftalmia e catarata congênita é condição rara em que o diagnóstico e tratamento precoces são fundamentais para adequada reabilitação do paciente.The authors report a case of anophthalmia, congenital cataract and systemic malformations. Male patient, 6 months old, left anophthalmia and congenital posterior polar cataract in the right eye. The patient was treated with manual aspiration of the crystalline lens, with no intraocular lens implantation with primary posterior capsulorhexis and anterior vitrectomy through a small incision. The association of anophthalmia and congenital cataract is rare. The early diagnosis and management in these cases is very important for the best visual rehabilitation.

Validation and norming of the Intelligibility in Context Scale in Northern Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Phạm, Ben; McLeod, Sharynne; Harrison, Linda J

2017-01-01

Vietnamese is one of the 20 most commonly spoken languages in the world; however, there are no standardised tools to assess Vietnamese children's speech. This study aimed to validate and norm the Vietnamese version of the Intelligibility in Context Scale (ICS-VN). Data were collected from parents of 181 children (aged 2;0-5;11) living in Ha Noi, Northern Viet Nam. The mean ICS-VN score was 4.43 (out of a maximum of 5), indicating that children were 'usually' to 'always' intelligible; however, item-level scores demonstrated significant differences between communication partners. Children with parental concerns about speech and language had significantly lower mean scores than children without parental concerns. Scores also differed by children's age, parents' occupation and mothers' education level but not by sex of child or fathers' education level. The ICS-VN had good psychometric properties indicating it to be a valid tool for use with Vietnamese-speaking children in Northern Viet Nam.

Lipodistrofia generalizada congênita Congenital generalized lipodystrophy

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Paulo P. Figueiredo Filho

2004-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Apresentar as principais características clínicas e bioquímicas da lipodistrofia generalizada congênita, desordem rara e pouco conhecida dos pediatras. DESCRIÇÃO: Nos ambulatórios de Doenças Nutricionais e de Endocrinologia do Serviço de Pediatria do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, foram identificados oito pacientes com lipodistrofia generalizada congênita. As características clínicas comuns a todos os casos foram hipertrofia muscular, lipoatrofia generalizada e aparência acromegálica. Manifestações clínico-laboratoriais associadas incluíram acantose nigricans em cinco pacientes, hepatoesplenomegalia em seis, hipertrigliceridemia com baixas concentrações de HDL em sete, hipertrofia cardíaca em um e diabetes melito secundário em dois pacientes. Todos os pacientes estão em controle clínico e dietético, visando à correção ou prevenção dos distúrbios metabólicos. COMENTÁRIOS: As características fenotípicas da lipodistrofia generalizada congênita são bem identificadas, possibilitando o diagnóstico clínico na maioria dos casos. Trata-se de uma síndrome rara que ilustra a importância do funcionamento normal do tecido adiposo para a maioria dos processos metabólicos vitais do organismo. O seu melhor conhecimento poderá abrir novos horizontes em estudos de doenças mais prevalentes como o diabetes melito e a obesidade.OBJECTIVE: To present the major clinical and biochemical characteristics of congenital generalized lipodystrophy. DESCRIPTION: Eight infants with congenital generalized lipodystrophy were identified at the Endocrine and Nutritional Pediatric Disease Outpatient Clinics at Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG. Clinical manifestations common to all patients included muscle hypertrophy, generalized lipoatrophy, and acromegalic physical appearance. Acanthosis nigricans was identified in five patients, hepatosplenomegaly in six, hypertriglyceridemia and low levels

Adequacy of anti-tuberculosis drug prescriptions in Viet Nam

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoa, N B; Lauritsen, J M; Rieder, H L

2012-01-01

SETTING: National Tuberculosis Program, Viet Nam, 2008. OBJECTIVES: To determine drug prescription adherence to national guidelines, to examine factors associated with an erroneous dosage of rifampin (RMP) and to evaluate the impact of an insufficient RMP dosage on treatment outcome. METHODS......: A representative sample of 30 treatment units was randomly selected. All patient treatment cards enrolled in these units were obtained, and data were double-entered and validated before calculating the adequacy of the individual drug prescriptions. RESULTS: Of 3412 tuberculosis treatment cards, 3225 (94.5%) had...

U. S. Naval Forces, Vietnam Monthly Historical Supplement for November 1966

Science.gov (United States)

1967-02-16

the mouth of the Cai Lon River near Rach Gia on the Ca Mau Peninsula 65 » alea east of An Thoi. Five Viet Cong were killed while the Coastal Group...force, moved through Jungles and over mountains under heavy monsoon rains without enemy contact. This operation, which ended on 18 November, marked...crash. The battalion also constructed an all-weather road to the top of Monkey Mountain and built an Air Force radar site there. MCB-11 replaced

Cirugía de las arritmias en las cardiopatías congénitas

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Fernando Hornero

2008-10-01

Full Text Available La propia fisiopatología de las cardiopatías congénitas y el impacto de algunas correcciones quirúrgicas pueden predisponer al desarrollo de arritmias cardíacas, que incluyen taquicardia supraventricular macrorreentrante, flutter, fibrilación auricular, taquicardia auricular ectópica, taquicardia ventricular, síndrome del seno enfermo, bloqueo auriculoventricular y muerte súbita, entre otras. En la actualidad el tratamiento definitivo de estas arritmias y su profilaxis durante la corrección quirúrgica son procesos eficaces, con baja morbilidad y gran beneficio clínico para el paciente. En este trabajo se revisa el estado actual del tratamiento quirúrgico de las arritmias en las cardiopatías congénitas.

Leucemia congénita aguda Acute congenital leukemia

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Nilvia Esther González García

2011-06-01

Full Text Available La leucemia aguda durante el período neonatal es poco frecuente de evolución rápida y pronóstico sombrío. Sus características clínicas y biológicas difieren de las encontradas en niños de mayor edad, y su inicio se caracteriza por afectación cutánea, hepatoesplenomegalia, hiperleucocitosis e infiltración del sistema nervioso central. Se han observado pacientes con formas tanto mieloides como linfoides, pero la leucemia mieloide aguda parece predominar en esta etapa de la vida. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con leucemia congénita clasificada morfológicamente, con aparición de manifestaciones clínicas de enfermedad hematológica desde el nacimiento y diagnóstico de leucemia linfoblástica aguda congénita.Acute leukemia during neonatal period is not frequent, of a fast course and gloomy prognosis. Its clinical and biological features differ of that present in older children and it onset is characterized by cutaneous affection, hepatosplenomegaly, hyperleukocytosis and infiltration of central nervous system (CNS. There are patients presenting with myeloid and lymphoid types, but the acute leukemia seems to predominate in this stage of life. This is the case of a patient with acute leukemia morphologically classified, with appearance of clinical manifestations of hematologic disease from birth and a diagnosis of congenital acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The text of the Agreement of 1 July 1983 concerning the Agency's assistance to Viet Nam for the transfer of enriched uranium for a research reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1983-12-01

The full text of the Supply and Project Agreement of 1 July 1983 between the Agency and the Government of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam concerning the Agency's assistance for the transfer of moderately enriched uranium from the USSR for a research reactor in Viet Nam is presented

A rapid assessment and response approach for socially marketed nutrition commodities in Viet Nam.

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Turk, Tahir; Quang, Nguyen Dinh; Nga, Tran Thuy; Phuong, Huynh; Tung, Le Van Anh; Trang, Vu Hoang

2017-01-01

The leading cause of death in children in developing countries is protein-energy malnutrition. In Viet Nam, 25.9% of children under 5 experience stunted growth and 6.6% are moderately wasted. Iron deficiency anaemia and vitamin A deficiency contribute to these and other malnutrition conditions. Given these factors, more evidence based approaches are required to improve understanding of current attitudes, opinions and behaviours of mothers with young children, in order to operationalise social marketing of nutrition commodities in Viet Nam. A literature review supported a rapid assessment and response method involving semi-structured interviews with 77 stakeholders and focus group discussions with 80 program beneficiaries from four geographic locations in the north and south of Viet Nam. Discussion agendas were developed to address key program issues with grounded theory utilized for data analysis. Data analysis highlighted challenges and opportunities within the six Ps of social marketing: Supply and demand side issues included: cost and the quality of products, the limited scale of interventions and promotional activities. Policy issues identified related to current policies that inhibited the broader promotion and distribution of micronutrient products, and opportunities for improved dialogue with policy partners. Partnerships further emphasized the need for public private partnerships to support the social change process. Implications for theory, policy, and practice indicates that rapid assessment and response is a cost-effective, pragmatic method of public health research, in resource constrained settings, to explore policies and behaviours amenable to change and build stakeholder engagement in the program.

Social networks, geographic proximity, and firm performance in Viet Nam

OpenAIRE

Howard, Emma

2017-01-01

This paper uses panel data to assess the relative importance of social networks and geographic proximity to micro, small, and medium enterprises in Viet Nam. The results suggest that a larger social network, and hiring employees mainly through social networks, are both correlated with higher value added per worker. The number of government officials and civil servants in a firm's network emerges as particularly important. When the quality of contacts is controlled for, firms with tighter soci...

Symptoms and risk factors for stroke in a community-based observational sample in Viet Nam.

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Fitzpatrick, Annette L; Ngo, Quang Van; Ly, Kiet A; Ton, Thanh G N; Longstreth, W T; Vo, Tung T; Heitzinger, Kristen; Pham, Chien H; Tirschwell, David L

2012-09-01

Viet Nam is experiencing a health transition from infectious to chronic disease. Data on cardiovascular diseases, including strokes, are limited. Data were randomly collected from six communities in Da Nang, Viet Nam, on participant demographics, medical history, blood pressure, anthropometrics and health behavior using World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Stroke symptoms were collected by self-report with the standardized Questionnaire for Verifying Stroke Free Status. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the presence of stroke symptoms. One thousand six hundred and twenty one adults were examined with a mean age of 52.0 years (± 12.5 years), of which 56.1% were women. 27.3% of the participants were found to have hypertension, 26.2% used tobacco, and 16.1% were overweight. More than two-thirds of the participants with hypertension were unaware of their condition. Almost one fourth of the participants were identified by the questionnaire as previously experiencing at least one stroke symptom. Age, rural residence, and education were associated with the presence of stroke symptoms. Models adjusted for demographics found hypertension, high cholesterol, reported severe chest pain, former smoking, and being overweight to be associated with a higher prevalence of stroke symptoms. The high frequency of stroke symptoms in Da Nang calls for further evaluation and interventions to reduce hypertension and other risk factors for chronic disease in Viet Nam and other health transition countries.

Using lot quality-assurance sampling and area sampling to identify priority areas for trachoma control: Viet Nam.

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Myatt, Mark; Mai, Nguyen Phuong; Quynh, Nguyen Quang; Nga, Nguyen Huy; Tai, Ha Huy; Long, Nguyen Hung; Minh, Tran Hung; Limburg, Hans

2005-10-01

To report on the use of lot quality-assurance sampling (LQAS) surveys undertaken within an area-sampling framework to identify priority areas for intervention with trachoma control activities in Viet Nam. The LQAS survey method for the rapid assessment of the prevalence of active trachoma was adapted for use in Viet Nam with the aim of classifying individual communes by the prevalence of active trachoma among children in primary school. School-based sampling was used; school sites to be sampled were selected using an area-sampling approach. A total of 719 communes in 41 districts in 18 provinces were surveyed. Survey staff found the LQAS survey method both simple and rapid to use after initial problems with area-sampling methods were identified and remedied. The method yielded a finer spatial resolution of prevalence than had been previously achieved in Viet Nam using semiquantitative rapid assessment surveys and multistage cluster-sampled surveys. When used with area-sampling techniques, the LQAS survey method has the potential to form the basis of survey instruments that can be used to efficiently target resources for interventions against active trachoma. With additional work, such methods could provide a generally applicable tool for effective programme planning and for the certification of the elimination of trachoma as a blinding disease.

Decreasing In-home Smoking of Adults-Results from a School-based Intervention Program in Viet Nam.

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Huong, Le Thi Thanh; Long, Tran Khanh; Anh, Le Vu; Cook, Margaret; Capra, Mike

2016-01-01

It is indicated that children are involuntarily exposed to secondhand smoke from adults, mainly at their home environment. This study aimed at describing the effectiveness of the school-based intervention to decrease the in-home smoking situation of adults so as to decrease children's exposure to secondhand smoke at home during the year 2011-2012 in a rural district in Hanoi, Viet Nam. This school-based intervention program (intervention and control group) involved 804 children aged 8 to 11 years from August 2011 to May 2012 in a rural district of Hanoi, Viet Nam. Children were taught in class about the harmful effects of secondhand smoke and about how to negotiate with fathers not to smoke in-home. Then children applied what they learnt, including staying away from secondhand smoke and persuading fathers not to smoke in-home in order to decrease children's exposure to secondhand smoke. Chi square test, t-test and multinominal logistic regression were applied in data analysis. The results showed that children's reported their father's in-home smoking decreased from 83.0% pre-intervention to 59.8% post-intervention ( p Viet Nam to increase children's awareness on the adverse health effects of secondhand smoke and to help them to be able to avoid their exposure to secondhand smoke at their home environment.

Factores de riesgo relevantes asociados a las malformaciones congénitas en la provincia de Cienfuegos, 2008-2013

OpenAIRE

Santos Solís, Mailé; Vázquez Martínez, Vivian; Torres González, Cristobal; Torres Vázquez, Grisel; Aguiar Santos, Daniela; Hernández Monzón, Hernán

2016-01-01

Fundamento: las malformaciones congénitas contribuyen de forma importante a la mortalidad infantil. Producen secuelas y resulta difícil su prevención. Objetivo: determinar factores de riesgo relevantes asociados a la aparición de malformaciones congénitas. Métodos: estudio observacional de casos y controles no pareados realizado en Cienfuegos en el período de enero de 2008 a diciembre de 2013, sobre un universo de 27 002 gestantes; las mujeres registradas con fetos o recién nacidos con malfor...

Diagnóstico prenatal de artrogriposis múltiple congénita Prenatal diagnosis of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita

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Ivonne Martínez Vidal

2013-03-01

Full Text Available La artrogriposis múltiple congénita puede definirse como una displasia articular sistémica, caracterizada por rigidez articular en múltiples localizaciones de forma congénita. Se presenta un caso en el que se diagnosticó prenatalmente este signo clínico, que puede tener múltiples causas subyacentes.Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita may be defined as a systemic articular dysplasia characterized by articular rigidity in a many locations of congenital origin. A case was presented in which this clinical sign was diagnosed at prenatal phase and it may have many underlying causes.

U. S. Naval Forces, Vietnam Monthly Historical Summary for May 1966

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1966-07-06

Nlvm and Unit 27. nt Nlm Trnnp;. Tliey will bo undor CUMINf/.C for administrativo pm’poses. Harbor defense units in the II, III, and IV Corps...beach to investigate. In the process an explosion, possibly a small mine, occurred thirty yards astern of PCF 36, At the same time the Viet Cong...general climate throughout the month remained one of uncertainty, with most of ticers adopting a "wait and see" attitude. As a result the process of

High-risk and multiple human papillomavirus infections among married women in Can Tho, Viet Nam.

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Vu, Lan Thi Hoang

2012-07-01

The two currently licensed human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are highly efficacious in preventing cervical pre-cancers related to HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18. Before implementing a large-scale HPV vaccine campaign in Viet Nam, information about the prevalence of infection with the HPV vaccine types is required. This study was done in Can Tho, the province with the highest prevalence of cervical cancer in the south of Viet Nam, to explore the distribution of other high-risk types of HPV among married women in this province. The study employed a cross-sectional design with multistage sampling. A total of 1000 participants were randomly selected, interviewed and given gynaecological examinations. HPV infection status and HPV genotyping test were completed for all participants. A broad spectrum of HPV types was reported in this study. The prevalence of cases infected with HPV 16 and/or 18 was 7%; the prevalence of cases infected with other high-risk HPV types was 6%. The highest prevalence for single and multiple infections, as well as for high-risk infections, was reported for the youngest age group (less than 30 years). While it is relevant to implement an HPV vaccine campaign in Viet Nam due to the high prevalence of infection with HPV 16 and/or 18, it is important to note that one can be infected with multiple types of HPV. Vaccination does not protect against all types of high-risk HPV. Future vaccine campaigns should openly disclose this information to women receiving vaccines.

Prevalência de dislipidemia em população infantil com cardiopatia congênita

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Gabriela Fuenmayor

2013-09-01

Full Text Available A dislipidemia é um dos grandes fatores de risco associados a doenças cardiovasculares. Poucos são os dados relacionados ao impacto da cardiopatia congênita na prevalência da dislipidemia na população pediátrica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil lipídico de crianças portadoras de cardiopatia congênita seguidas em um centro de referência. Foram incluídos 52 pacientes pediátricos que tiveram perfil lipídico, metabólico e clínico determinados entre janeiro de 2011 e julho de 2012. Com média de idade de 10,4 ± 2,8 anos e predominância do sexo masculino (1,38:1, nossa população apresentou 53,8% de pacientes com aumento no colesterol total e 13,4% (IC 95% de 6,6-25,2% de crianças que também apresentavam LDL > 130 mg/dL, caracterizando dislipidemia. Dos pacientes com dislipidemia, só doisforam classificados como obesos. Concluímos que a presença de cardiopatia congênita não confere risco aumentado associado à presença de dislipidemia, devendo o rastreamento nessa população seguir as mesmas diretrizes da população pediátrica normal, as quaistambém independem do estado nutricional da criança.

Improving the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.

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Nguyen, D T M; Hung, N Q; Giang, L T; Dung, N H; Lan, N T N; Lan, N N; Yen, N T B; Bang, N D; Ngoc, D V; Trinh, L T T; Beasley, R P; Ford, C E; Hwang, L-Y; Graviss, E A

2011-11-01

District 6, An Hoa Clinic in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Viet Nam. To evaluate the performance of various algorithms in tuberculosis (TB) screening and diagnosis in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected population in HCMC, Viet Nam. A cross-sectional study of 397 consecutive HIV-infected patients seeking care at the An Hoa Clinic from August 2009 to June 2010. Data on participant demographics, clinical status, chest radiography (CXR) and laboratory results were collected. A multiple logistic regression model was developed to assess the association of covariates and pulmonary TB (PTB). The prevalence of sputum culture-confirmed PTB, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) positive TB, and multidrugresistant TB among the 397 HIV-infected patients was respectively 7%, 2%, and 0.3%. Adjusted odds ratios for low CD4+ cell count, positive sputum smear, and CXR to positive sputum culture were respectively 3.17, 32.04 and 4.28. Clinical findings alone had poor sensitivity, but combining CD4+ cell count, AFB sputum smear and CXR had a more accurate diagnostic performance. Results suggest that symptom screening had poor clinical performance, and support the routine use of sputum culture to improve the detection of TB disease in HIV-infected individuals in Viet Nam. However, when routine sputum culture is not available, an algorithm combining CD4+ cell count, AFB sputum smear and CXR is recommended for diagnosing PTB.

Citomegalovirose congênita: relato de caso Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: a case report

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Patrícia de Fátima Azevedo

2005-12-01

Full Text Available A citomegalovirose congênita sintomática é entidade clínica de grande importância devido a sua vasta sintomatologia fetal. No Brasil, o diagnóstico intra-útero é ainda pouco realizado, apesar do grande arsenal propedêutico. Relatamos um caso de citomegalovirose congênita grave com hepatoesplenomegalia, agenesia parcial do vérmix cerebelar, calcificações intracranianas, placentomegalia, aumento da ecogenicidade intestinal e renal, cardiomegalia, hipoplasia pulmonar, derrame pericárdico e ascite. A ressonância nuclear magnética fetal foi utilizada para confirmação dos achados ultra-sonográficos. A amniocentese foi realizada para análise do líquido amniótico por meio da PCR, sendo evidenciado resultado positivo. O óbito fetal foi constatado na 31ª semana de gestação, sendo confirmados os achados através da citopatologia e estudo anatomopatológico do natimorto. O arsenal propedêutico existente, na atualidade, para diagnóstico intra-útero da citomegalovirose congênita é de grande importância para confirmação diagnóstica e determinação do prognóstico fetal.Congenital cytomegalovirus infection is an important clinical entity, due to its sonographic symptomatology. In Brazil, in utero diagnosis is not accomplished despite the improvements in diagnostic methods. We report a congenital infection including: splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, intracranial calcifications, hyperechoic kidneys, hyperechoic bowel, cardiomegaly, lung hypoplasia, ascites, and pericardial effusion. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the sonographic findings. Amniocentesis was performed for cytomegalovirus PCR in amniotic fluid, which confirmed fetal infection. Fetal loss occurred in the 31st week of pregnancy. Necropsy studies confirmed the sonographic findings. The diagnostic methods have been useful to confirm congenital cytomegalovirus infection and to establish fetal outcome.

Hipotiroidismo congénito y diafragma intraluminal no fenestrado. Rara asociación

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Nuvia Súarez García

2014-02-01

Full Text Available El hipotiroidismo congénito afecta a 1 de cada 3000 a 4000 neonatos y es una de las causas prevenibles de dificultades en el aprendizaje. Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido sexo masculino, que al nacer desarrolló síndrome de distréss respiratorio e intolerancia digestiva que progresó a la disfunción con distensión abdominal, además de signos dismórficos al examen físico. Se concluye el caso como hipotiroidismo congénito asociado a atresia duodenal por diafragma intraluminal no fenestrado. Se realizó intervención quirúrgica a las 46 horas de vida y en su posterior evolución presentó complicaciones mayores hasta fallecer. Se realizó una revisión actualizada sobre estas enfermedades en el período neonatal y se presentaron fotos del caso previo consentimiento familiar.

Role of alcohol in hospitalized road trauma in Viet nam.

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Nguyen, Nam Phuong; Passmore, Jonathon; Tran, Lan Thi Ngoc; Luong, Anh Mai

2013-01-01

To assess the blood alcohol concentration (BAC; dependent variable) of patients with road traffic injuries (RTIs) presenting at 3 provincial and central hospitals in the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam by age, sex, and road user type (independent variables). This survey formed part of the Viet Nam Road Traffic Injury Prevention Project, funded by Bloomberg Philanthropies. RTIs are a leading cause of death and disability in Viet Nam, with 14,690 deaths and 143,940 injuries reported by the Ministry of Health (MOH) in 2010. Research estimates suggest that motorcycle riders and passengers account for 60 percent of fatalities. Alcohol has long been suspected of being a leading cause of road traffic collisions and injuries. However, until now data on this relationship have been limited. A descriptive cross-sectional study measuring BAC in all consenting patients with RTIs presenting at 3 provincial or central hospitals between July 2009 and September 2010. All results were anonymous and summary information on key variables was sent to MOH and the World Health Organization (WHO) on a monthly basis. Of the 36,418 patients with RTIs presenting to these 3 hospitals between July 2009 and September 2010, BAC analysis was completed on 14,990 patients (41.2%), representing all patients with RTIs 15 years of age and above who consented to anonymous testing. BAC results ranged from 0 to 0.589 g/dL blood, with a mean of 0.0441 g/dL being the average concentration among all tested patients. Of all patients tested, 56.8 percent had no detectable alcohol in their system. Motorcycle riders were most commonly represented in the tested sample (70.7%), with 27.8 percent having a BAC above the legal limit (0.05 g/dL). Car or other vehicle drivers represented 2.7 percent of the sample, with 63.4 percent tested having a BAC above 0 g/dL, the legal limit for these road users. The results of this preliminary study indicate that 29.1 percent of all car drivers and motorcycle riders presenting at

Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com ptose congênita no hospital regional de São José

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Astor Grumann Júnior

2011-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Traçar um perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com ptose congênita no Hospital Regional de São José (HRSJ, descrevendo as características gerais das ptoses congênitas, incluindo a coexistência de estrabismo e a prevalência de ambliopia. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico com delineamento transversal, baseado na análise dos prontuários de pacientes com ptose congênita atendidos no Departamento de Plástica Ocular e Órbita do HRSJ, no período de julho de 1998 a julho de 2008. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 42 pacientes (56 olhos. A idade média foi de 7,2 anos e o gênero mais prevalente foi o masculino (66,7%. Foi encontrado unilateralidade da ptose em 66,7% dos casos, associação com estrabismo em 19% e fenômeno de Marcus Gunn em 9,5%. Ambliopia foi encontrada em 17% dos olhos afetados. Na classificação, 38,5% dos olhos tinham ptose severa e 63% tinham excursão do elevador fraca ou ausente. A conduta foi cirúrgica para 57,2% dos casos e a técnica mais prevalente foi elevação ao Frontal (75%. CONCLUSÃO: No presente estudo, a prevalência de ambliopia nos pacientes com ptose congênita foi maior que da população geral, reforçando a importância de uma avaliação oftalmológica precoce destes pacientes.

'Never testing for HIV' among men who have sex with men in Viet Nam: results from an Internet-based cross-sectional survey.

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García, Macarena Cecilia; Duong, Quyen Le; Mercer, Licelot Eralte; Meyer, Samantha Beth; Ward, Paul Russell

2013-12-28

Men who have sex with men in Viet Nam have been under-studied as a high-risk group for HIV infection, and this population's percentage and determinants of HIV testing have not been comprehensively investigated. A national Internet-based survey of self-reported sexual and health seeking behaviours was conducted between August and October 2011 with 2077 Vietnamese men who had sex with men in the last twelve months to identify the frequency of 'never testing for HIV' among Internet-using MSM living in Viet Nam, as well as the factors associated with this HIV-related high-rish behavior. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the demographic characteristics and behaviours predicting never testing for HIV. A total of 76.5% of men who have sex with men who were surveyed reported never having been voluntarily tested for HIV. Predictors of never being tested included having a monthly income less than VND 5 Million, being a student, using the Internet less than 15 hour per week, and not participating in a behavioural HIV intervention. Never testing for HIV is common among Internet-using men who have sex with men in Viet Nam. Given the dangerously high prevalence of this high-risk behaviour, our findings underscore the urgent need for segmented and targeted HIV prevention, care and treatment strategies, focusing on drastically reducing the number of men who have sex with men never testing for HIV in Viet Nam.

Una causa infrecuente de convulsión hipocalcémica: raquitismo congénito. Caso clínico

OpenAIRE

Karabel, Duran; Karabel, Musemma; Yilmaz, Ayse Esra; Tas, Tugba; Karayel, Metin

2012-01-01

La deficiencia de vitamina D y el raquitismo son problemas de salud importantes en los países en desarrollo. El raquitismo congénito es una forma infrecuente de raquitismo. La deficiencia materna de vitamina D es el factor de riesgo más importante para la deficiencia de vitamina D y el raquitismo en los recién nacidos y lactantes. Presentamos el caso de un niño de 2 meses de edad, con convulsiones durante su hospitalización por neumonía. Se diagnosticó raquitismo congénito asociado a deficien...

Psychological and social factors associated with late pregnancy iron deficiency anaemia in rural Viet Nam: a population-based prospective study.

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Tran, Thach Duc; Biggs, Beverley-Ann; Tran, Tuan; Casey, Gerard J; Hanieh, Sarah; Simpson, Julie Anne; Dwyer, Terence; Fisher, Jane

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between psychological and social factors and late pregnancy IDA among pregnant women in rural Viet Nam. Pregnant women from 50 randomly-selected communes within Ha Nam province were recruited and assessed at 12 - 20 weeks gestation (Wave 1, W1). They were followed up in the last trimester (Wave 2, W2). IDA was defined as Haemoglobin Viet Nam. The link between them suggests that while direct recommendations to use iron supplements are important, the social factors associated with common mental disorders should be addressed in antenatal care in order to improve the health of pregnant women and their infants.

Viet Nam’s mandatory motorcycle helmet law and its impact on children

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Pervin, Aaron; Sidik, Mirjam; McKinley, Tyler; Tu, Nguyen Thi Hong; Nam, Nguyen Phuong

2009-01-01

Abstract Objective To measure the use of motorcycle helmets in children and to determine the reasons why children wear helmets less often than adults. Methods The frequency of helmet wearing among adults and children was ascertained by trained roadside observers, and randomized road user surveys were completed in four major centres in Viet Nam: Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Can Tho and Da Nang. Survey data on key questions were cross tabulated, and χ² was calculated for significant differences between parents and non-parents (0.05). Findings The frequency of helmet use in the four study locations ranged from 90–99% among adults, from 15–53% among children ≤ 7 years of age, and from 38–53% among children > 7 but ≤ 14. Of the parents surveyed, 67% said the fear of neck injury was the most important reason their children did not wear a helmet. Conclusion Children wear motorcycle helmets much less often than adults. Legislation to penalize adults whose children do not wear motorcycle helmets has been proposed in Viet Nam. Furthermore, ongoing advocacy and social marketing efforts are being made to disseminate information about the safety benefits of helmets to combat erroneous public perceptions. PMID:19551255

Prevalencia de defectos congénitos diagnosticados en el momento del nacimiento en dos hospitales de diferente nivel de complejidad, Cali, Colombia, 2012-2013

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Harry Pachajoa

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Los defectos congénitos son alteraciones morfológicas que pueden ser diagnosticadas antes, durante o después del nacimiento. Se han implementado diversos sistemas de vigilancia en hospitales de referencia, principalmente en aquellos de alta complejidad. Objetivo. Comparar la prevalencia de los defectos congénitos en dos hospitales de diferente nivel de complejidad de la ciudad de Cali. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo basado en la metodología del Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitas, durante 20 meses en un hospital de mediana complejidad y en otro de alta complejidad. Resultados. Durante el periodo de estudio se atendieron 7.140 nacimientos, en 225 de los cuales se presentó al menos un defecto congénito, con una prevalencia del 1,7 % (IC95% 1,3-2,0 en el hospital de mediana complejidad y de 7,4 % (IC95% 6,2-8,7 en el de alta complejidad. En el primero, las frecuencias más altas correspondieron a polidactilia (15 %, apéndice preauricular (8 % y pie equino varo (7 %, mientras que en el segundo, correspondieron a comunicación interventricular (10 %, hidronefrosis congénita (7 % y defectos de la pared abdominal (6 %. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de los defectos congénitos varió de un hospital a otro, dependiendo de su nivel de complejidad, y del tipo y la seriedad de los defectos. La vigilancia epidemiológica en los diferentes niveles de atención es una herramienta útil para estimar acertadamente la prevalencia en la ciudad, además de constituir una buena base para la planificación y orientación de los recursos.

The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey.

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Paul N Jensen

Full Text Available To evaluate the association of salt consumption with blood pressure in Viet Nam, a developing country with a high level of salt consumption.Analysis of a nationally representative sample of Vietnamese adults 25-65 years of age who were surveyed using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to Surveillance protocol. Participants who reported acute illness, pregnancy, or current use of antihypertensive medications were excluded. Daily salt consumption was estimated from fasting mid-morning spot urine samples. Associations of salt consumption with systolic blood pressure and prevalent hypertension were assessed using adjusted linear and generalized linear models. Interaction terms were tested to assess differences by age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and rural/urban status.The analysis included 2,333 participants (mean age: 37 years, 46% male, 33% urban. The average estimated salt consumption was 10g/day. No associations of salt consumption with blood pressure or prevalent hypertension were observed at a national scale in men or women. The associations did not differ in subgroups defined by age, smoking, or alcohol consumption; however, associations differed between urban and rural participants (p-value for interaction of urban/rural status with salt consumption, p = 0.02, suggesting that higher salt consumption may be associated with higher systolic blood pressure in urban residents but lower systolic blood pressure in rural residents.Although there was no evidence of an association at a national level, associations of salt consumption with blood pressure differed between urban and rural residents in Viet Nam. The reasons for this differential association are not clear, and given the large rate of rural to urban migration experienced in Viet Nam, this topic warrants further investigation.

The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Jensen, Paul N; Bao, Tran Quoc; Huong, Tran Thi Thanh; Heckbert, Susan R; Fitzpatrick, Annette L; LoGerfo, James P; Ngoc, Truong Le Van; Mokdad, Ali H

2018-01-01

To evaluate the association of salt consumption with blood pressure in Viet Nam, a developing country with a high level of salt consumption. Analysis of a nationally representative sample of Vietnamese adults 25-65 years of age who were surveyed using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to Surveillance protocol. Participants who reported acute illness, pregnancy, or current use of antihypertensive medications were excluded. Daily salt consumption was estimated from fasting mid-morning spot urine samples. Associations of salt consumption with systolic blood pressure and prevalent hypertension were assessed using adjusted linear and generalized linear models. Interaction terms were tested to assess differences by age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and rural/urban status. The analysis included 2,333 participants (mean age: 37 years, 46% male, 33% urban). The average estimated salt consumption was 10g/day. No associations of salt consumption with blood pressure or prevalent hypertension were observed at a national scale in men or women. The associations did not differ in subgroups defined by age, smoking, or alcohol consumption; however, associations differed between urban and rural participants (p-value for interaction of urban/rural status with salt consumption, p = 0.02), suggesting that higher salt consumption may be associated with higher systolic blood pressure in urban residents but lower systolic blood pressure in rural residents. Although there was no evidence of an association at a national level, associations of salt consumption with blood pressure differed between urban and rural residents in Viet Nam. The reasons for this differential association are not clear, and given the large rate of rural to urban migration experienced in Viet Nam, this topic warrants further investigation.

Consequences of gestational diabetes in an urban hospital in Viet Nam: a prospective cohort study.

Science.gov (United States)

Hirst, Jane E; Tran, Thach S; Do, My An T; Morris, Jonathan M; Jeffery, Heather E

2012-01-01

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing and is a risk for type 2 diabetes. Evidence supporting screening comes mostly from high-income countries. We aimed to determine prevalence and outcomes in urban Viet Nam. We compared the proposed International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criterion, requiring one positive value on the 75-g glucose tolerance test, to the 2010 American Diabetes Association (ADA) criterion, requiring two positive values. We conducted a prospective cohort study in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Study participants were 2,772 women undergoing routine prenatal care who underwent a 75-g glucose tolerance test and interview around 28 (range 24-32) wk. GDM diagnosed by the ADA criterion was treated by local protocol. Women with GDM by the IADPSG criterion but not the ADA criterion were termed "borderline" and received standard care. 2,702 women (97.5% of cohort) were followed until discharge after delivery. GDM was diagnosed in 164 participants (6.1%) by the ADA criterion, 550 (20.3%) by the IADPSG criterion. Mean body mass index was 20.45 kg/m(2) in women with out GDM, 21.10 in women with borderline GDM, and 21.81 in women with GDM, pViet Nam. Women with GDM by the IADPSG criterion were at risk of preterm delivery and neonatal hypoglycaemia, although this criterion resulted in 20% of pregnant women being positive for GDM. The ability to cope with such a large number of cases and prevent associated adverse outcomes needs to be demonstrated before recommending widespread screening. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.

Hipotiroidismo Congénito. Presentación de un caso.

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Angela Belkys Brito García

2016-04-01

Full Text Available El hipotiroidismo congénito es el cuadro clínico resultante de una disminución de la actividad biológica de las hormonas tiroideas en los primeros años de vida, tiene una incidencia de 1/3000 a 1/4000 nacidos vivos. La expresividad clínica depende del grado de insuficiencia tiroidea, solo el 5% de los casos diagnosticados presentan manifestaciones clínicas al nacer, otros pacientes solamente pueden presentar niveles elevados de hormona estimulante del tiroides (TSH en suero, el tratamiento sustitutivo con hormonas tiroideas desde etapas tempranas facilita mejor evolución y pronóstico. Se describe el diagnóstico de un recién nacido masculino de 11 días de edad, con antecedentes prenatales de alto riesgo obstétrico por ser hijo de madre portadora de glomerulopatía por IgA , nacido de embarazo a término 41.3 sem de gestación , parto distócico, peso (3650 gramos, apgar 8/9, se realiza confirmatorio de TSH positivo, a los 11 días de nacido, por dichos antecedentes prenatales y manifestaciones clínicas, bioquímicas y radiológicas evidentes de hipotiroidismo congénito se confirma su diagnóstico y se impone tratamiento oportuno.

Diagnóstico por pesquisa neonatal de metabolopatías congénitas en el Centro Provincial de Genética Médica de Santiago de Cuba

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Daniel Fernando Rojas Bernal

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 20 niños de 0 a 5 años de edad con metabolopatías congénitas (fenilcetonuria, galactosemia, deficiencia de biotinidasa, hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita e hipotiroidismo congénito, quienes habían sido diagnosticados a través de la pesquisa neonatal, procedentes de todos los municipios de Santiago de Cuba, y fueron atendidos en el Centro Provincial de Genética Médica desde el 2006 hasta el 2011, a fin de caracterizarles según algunas variables clínicas y epidemiológicas. En la provincia de Santiago de Cuba se obtuvo una baja tasa de incidencia de los trastornos metabólicos congénitos detectados en la pesquisa neonatal, con una mayor frecuencia del hipotiroidismo congénito (55,0 %. De igual manera, los pacientes mostraban escasas manifestaciones clínicas, las cuales, además, eran leves. Los resultados de la serie reflejaron la presencia de un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos, unidos a una adecuada atención pediátrica.

Estómago intratorácico en un recién nacido: ¿hernia hiatal o verdadero esófago corto congénito?

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B. Martinez-Leo

2017-03-01

Full Text Available El estómago intratorácico congénito es una condición sumamente rara y requiere reconocimiento oportuno y manejo médico y quirúrgico adecuado. Los principales diagnósticos diferenciales de esta condición son esófago corto congénito real y hernia hiatal. Presentamos el caso de un recién nacido con imágenes radiológicas altamente sugestivas de estómago intratorácico congénito. Hacemos énfasis en que la vigilancia perinatal ultrasonográfica juega un papel sumamente importante en la detección, el seguimiento y el manejo oportuno de pacientes como este.

Ictiosis congénita tipo laminar, reporte de un caso.

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Joaquín Saavedra D.; María José Sierralta S.; Cristian Saavedra D; Vanesa Rivera C; Francisco Cerda C.

2014-01-01

RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: La ictiosis tipo laminar es una enfermedad dermatológica infrecuente perteneciente al grupo de las llamadas genodermatosis. Es una forma de ictiosis congénita que es evidente desde el nacimiento. PRESENTACIÓN DEL CASO: Recién nacido por cesárea, sexo masculino, de 36 semanas de gestación, adecuado para la edad gestacional y con APGAR 8. Antecedentes familiares: padres no consanguíneos y hermano con ictiosis tipo laminar. Luego de nacer es hospital...

Defectos congénitos faciales en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico “Mártires de Las Tunas”

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Sara Elena Panizo Bruzón; Salvador Javier Santos Medina; Martha Santiago Fernández; Lourdes Bouza Piard

2015-01-01

Fundamento: desde épocas remotas hasta la actualidad, la forma en que las personas con defectos congénitos son tratadas por el resto de la sociedad han variado, reflejando el estilo de vida y la cultura de los diferentes pueblos. Aunque los defectos faciales no constituyen causa directa de muerte, sí provocan un impacto negativo, tanto en el medio familiar como en el contexto social. Objetivo: describir los defectos congénitos faciales más frecuentes en pacientes atendidos en la consulta d...

‘Never testing for HIV’ among Men who have Sex with Men in Viet Nam: results from an internet-based cross-sectional survey

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

Background Men who have sex with men in Viet Nam have been under-studied as a high-risk group for HIV infection, and this population’s percentage and determinants of HIV testing have not been comprehensively investigated. Methods A national Internet-based survey of self-reported sexual and health seeking behaviours was conducted between August and October 2011 with 2077 Vietnamese men who had sex with men in the last twelve months to identify the frequency of ‘never testing for HIV’ among Internet-using MSM living in Viet Nam, as well as the factors associated with this HIV-related high-rish behavior. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the demographic characteristics and behaviours predicting never testing for HIV. Results A total of 76.5% of men who have sex with men who were surveyed reported never having been voluntarily tested for HIV. Predictors of never being tested included having a monthly income less than VND 5 Million, being a student, using the Internet less than 15 hour per week, and not participating in a behavioural HIV intervention. Conclusions Never testing for HIV is common among Internet-using men who have sex with men in Viet Nam. Given the dangerously high prevalence of this high-risk behaviour, our findings underscore the urgent need for segmented and targeted HIV prevention, care and treatment strategies, focusing on drastically reducing the number of men who have sex with men never testing for HIV in Viet Nam. PMID:24373483

Forty women parliamentarians gather to reaffirm commitment to the ICPD, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

1995-01-01

Over 40 delegates attended the Indo-China Female Parliamentarians Conference on the Status of Women and Reproductive Health held in Viet Nam in June 1995. The conference was organized by the Vietnamese Association of Parliamentarians on Population and Development. Participants noted that, in Indochina, the participation of women in local politics has been blocked by the absence of laws and policies on gender equality. Recommended, to remedy this situation, were the following measures: 1) implementation of programs on women's status outlined at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development; 2) allocation of sufficient resources for programs in the areas of maternal-child health, family planning, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention; 3) enactment of laws banning child prostitution and violence against women; 4) promotion of changes in men's sexual behaviors that spread AIDS; 5) encouragement of women to increase their knowledge of and participation in political action; and 6) appeals to international agencies and nongovernmental organizations to develop programs for Indochinese women.

Detection of potentially novel paramyxovirus and coronavirus viral RNA in bats and rats in the Mekong Delta region of southern Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Berto, A; Anh, P H; Carrique-Mas, J J; Simmonds, P; Van Cuong, N; Tue, N T; Van Dung, N; Woolhouse, M E; Smith, I; Marsh, G A; Bryant, J E; Thwaites, G E; Baker, S; Rabaa, M A

2018-02-01

Bats and rodents are being increasingly recognized as reservoirs of emerging zoonotic viruses. Various studies have investigated bat viruses in tropical regions, but to date there are no data regarding viruses with zoonotic potential that circulate in bat and rat populations in Viet Nam. To address this paucity of data, we sampled three bat farms and three wet markets trading in rat meat in the Mekong Delta region of southern Viet Nam. Faecal and urine samples were screened for the presence of RNA from paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses and filoviruses. Paramyxovirus RNA was detected in 4 of 248 (1%) and 11 of 222 (4.9%) bat faecal and urine samples, respectively. Coronavirus RNA was detected in 55 of 248 (22%) of bat faecal samples; filovirus RNA was not detected in any of the bat samples. Further, coronavirus RNA was detected in 12 of 270 (4.4%) of rat faecal samples; all samples tested negative for paramyxovirus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the bat paramyxoviruses and bat and rat coronaviruses were related to viruses circulating in bat and rodent populations globally, but showed no cross-species mixing of viruses between bat and rat populations within Viet Nam. Our study shows that potentially novel variants of paramyxoviruses and coronaviruses commonly circulate in bat and rat populations in Viet Nam. Further characterization of the viruses and additional human and animal surveillance is required to evaluate the likelihood of viral spillover and to assess whether these viruses pose a risk to human health. © 2017 The Authors. Zoonoses and Public Health Published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Beyond description. Comment on "Approaching human language with complex networks" by Cong and Liu

Science.gov (United States)

Ferrer-i-Cancho, R.

2014-12-01

In their historical overview, Cong & Liu highlight Sausurre as the father of modern linguistics [1]. They apparently miss G.K. Zipf as a pioneer of the view of language as a complex system. His idea of a balance between unification and diversification forces in the organization of natural systems, e.g., vocabularies [2], can be seen as a precursor of the view of complexity as a balance between order (unification) and disorder (diversification) near the edge of chaos [3]. Although not mentioned by Cong & Liu somewhere else, trade-offs between hearer and speaker needs are very important in Zipf's view, which has inspired research on the optimal networks mapping words into meanings [4-6]. Quantitative linguists regard G.K. Zipf as the funder of modern quantitative linguistics [7], a discipline where statistics plays a central role as in network science. Interestingly, that centrality of statistics is missing Saussure's work and that of many of his successors.

Prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas registradas en el certificado de nacimiento y de muerte fetal: México, 2009-2010

OpenAIRE

Navarrete Hernández, Eduardo; Canún Serrano, Sonia; Reyes Pablo, Aldelmo E.; Sierra Romero, María del Carmen; Valdés Hernández, Javier

2013-01-01

Introducción. Las malformaciones congénitas son causas importantes de mortalidad infantil, enfermedad crónica y discapacidad en muchos países. La frecuencia esperada es de 2 a 3% en nacidos vivos y de 15 a 20% en muertes fetales. En México, en 2010, la mortalidad infantil ocupó el segundo lugar, con una tasa de 336.3/100,000 nacimientos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas en México al nacimiento y las principales causas registradas en los certi...

Prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas y factores asociados en neonatos nacidos en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2010

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Peralta Gutiérrez, María Augusta

2011-01-01

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas y factores asociados en neonatos nacidos en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso (HVCM) de la ciudad de Cuenca y elaborar un plan estratégico para prevención, detección y atención de malformaciones congénitas. MATERIALES Y MÉTODO: Estudio transversal, que incluyó 2385 neonatos, fueron incluidos neonatos mayores de 20 semanas de gestación, mayores de 500 gramos, vivos o muertos. se empleó la RP (IC95%) y el chi cuadrado para sig...

Extrofia vesical, una anomalía congénita

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Roger Rojas Rojas; Madelín Escobar Pupo; Marbelis Betancourt Gavilán; Marilyn Núñez Rodríguez

2015-01-01

Se realizó un trabajo descriptivo y representativo de un caso, para el que se utilizó la entrevista, la ultrasonografía y la evaluación del grupo Multidisciplinario de Genética Provincial. La paciente con 23 años de edad, con historia obstetricia de G2 P1 eutócico, clasificado de riesgo genético bajo, se le detectó en el ultrasonido del segundo semestre en la semana de gestación 19.6 una anomalía congénita, diagnosticada como extrofia vesical. Después de encontrado este hallazgo, la gestante ...

Teratoma congênito de orofaringe: relato de caso Oropharyngeal congenital teratoma: a case report

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Yuri Seguchi Chaves

2005-02-01

Full Text Available O teratoma congênito de orofaringe é o tipo mais raro de teratoma, compreendendo apenas 2% desses tumores fetais. O diagnóstico deve ser realizado o mais precocemente possível, preferencialmente durante o pré-natal. O prognóstico irá depender do tamanho e localização da lesão, da velocidade de crescimento desta, do envolvimento de estruturas intracranianas e da ressecção adequada do tumor com equipe multidisciplinar. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente que teve diagnosticado durante a gestação feto com teratoma congênito de orofaringe (epignathus por meio de ultra-sonografia. O feto evoluiu para óbito intra-uterino na 29ª semana de gestação, sendo então induzido o parto por via vaginal. O exame anatomopatológico revelou feto do sexo feminino, compatível com 27-28 semanas, teratoma orofaríngeo e outras malformações congênitas.Oropharyngeal teratoma is the most rare type of teratoma, with only 2% of fetal teratomas. The diagnosis must be established as early as possible, preferably during the prenatal period. The prognosis will depend on the size and location of the lesion, growth rate of the lesion, degree of intracranial spread, its resectability, and immediate care at birth by a multisciplinary team. We report aparticular case of congenital oropharyngeal teratoma (epignathus. The diagnosis was made during the prenatal period by ultrasound, and the fetus evolved to intrauterine death at the 29th week. The anatomopathological examination revealed a female fetus, compatible with 27-28 weeks, oropharyngeal teratoma and congenital malformations.

Anoftalmia bilateral como defeito congênito isolado: uma abordagem etiológica e psicossocial

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Diego Davi Corso

2011-08-01

Full Text Available A anoftalmia é uma condição oftalmológica rara, caracterizada pela ausência de um ou ambos os olhos, de etiologia não elucidada, podendo ser congênita, adquirida ou associada a outras síndromes sistêmicas. Quanto à etiologia, já foram descritas na literatura aberrações cromossômicas, mutações genéticas e fatores ambientais como responsáveis pelo surgimento da anomalia. Não existe consenso sobre a real incidência da anoftalmia, devido à escassez em dados oficiais, principalmente no Brasil. Neste estudo relata-se um caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino que apresenta anoftalmia bilateral congênita, sem outras anormalidades. Foram utilizados dados compilados do prontuário médico hospitalar, exames laboratoriais e de imagem realizados durante a internação, bem como exames solicitados no acompanhamento clínico pós-alta e um questionário aplicado aos responsáveis legais pela paciente. Os fatores genéticos e não genéticos envolvidos no desenvolvimento de anomalias, assim como as complicações estéticas e psicossociais advindas da anoftalmia foram discutidos. Conclui-se que o fator idade pode estar relacionado ao aparecimento da anoftalmia e que a maior divulgação desta rara anomalia congênita propiciará aos profissionais da saúde, especialmente aos oftalmologistas, conhecimentos adicionais para lidar com os aspectos físicos, humanísticos e sociais envolvidos no atendimento do paciente e de seus familiares, minimizando a gravidade e abrangência dos seus efeitos.

Seasonal variability of faecal indicator bacteria numbers and die-off rates in the Red River basin, North Viet Nam

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Nguyen, Huong Thi Mai; Le, Quynh Thi Phuong; Garnier, J.; Janeau, J.-L.; Rochelle-Newall, E.

2016-02-01

The Red River is the second largest river in Viet Nam and constitutes the main water source for a large percentage of the population of North Viet Nam. Here we present the results of an annual survey of Escherichia coli (EC) and Total Coliforms (TC) in the Red River basin, North Viet Nam. The objective of this work was to obtain information on faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) numbers over an annual cycle and, secondly, to determine the die-off rates of these bacterial indicators. Monthly observations at 10 stations from July 2013-June 2014 showed that TC and EC reached as high as 39100 cfu (colony forming units) 100 ml-1 and 15300 colonies 100 ml-1, respectively. We observed a significant seasonal difference for TC (p < 0.05) with numbers being higher during the wet season. In contrast, no significant seasonal difference was found for EC. The FIB die-off rates ranged from 0.01 d-1 to a maximum of 1.13 d-1 for EC and from 0.17 d-1 to 1.33 d-1 for TC. Die-off rates were significantly higher for free bacteria than for total (free + particle attached) bacteria, suggesting that particle attachment provided a certain level of protection to FIB in this system.

Completeness and reliability of mortality data in Viet Nam: Implications for the national routine health management information system.

Science.gov (United States)

Hong, Tran Thi; Phuong Hoa, Nguyen; Walker, Sue M; Hill, Peter S; Rao, Chalapati

2018-01-01

Mortality statistics form a crucial component of national Health Management Information Systems (HMIS). However, there are limitations in the availability and quality of mortality data at national level in Viet Nam. This study assessed the completeness of recorded deaths and the reliability of recorded causes of death (COD) in the A6 death registers in the national routine HMIS in Viet Nam. 1477 identified deaths in 2014 were reviewed in two provinces. A capture-recapture method was applied to assess the completeness of the A6 death registers. 1365 household verbal autopsy (VA) interviews were successfully conducted, and these were reviewed by physicians who assigned multiple and underlying cause of death (UCOD). These UCODs from VA were then compared with the CODs recorded in the A6 death registers, using kappa scores to assess the reliability of the A6 death register diagnoses. The overall completeness of the A6 death registers in the two provinces was 89.3% (95%CI: 87.8-90.8). No COD recorded in the A6 death registers demonstrated good reliability. There is very low reliability in recording of cardiovascular deaths (kappa for stroke = 0.47 and kappa for ischaemic heart diseases = 0.42) and diabetes (kappa = 0.33). The reporting of deaths due to road traffic accidents, HIV and some cancers are at a moderate level of reliability with kappa scores ranging between 0.57-0.69 (pViet Nam.

Perfil de un adolescente con hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita

OpenAIRE

Benavides, Juliana; Viviana Galvis, Paula

2016-01-01

La hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita (HSC) es un trastorno genético que produce déficit en la síntesis del cortisol. Esta enfermedad se presenta en ambos géneros, puede ser diagnosticada prenatalmente y recibir tratamiento desde esta etapa. A nivel fisiológico presenta ambigüedad en los órganos sexuales internos y externos que afectan el desarrollo emocional y social. En el nivel cognitivo se pueden encontrar dos posturas una donde se afirma que en pacientes con HSC se presentan puntuaciones ...

Hipotiroidismo Congénito. Presentación de un caso.

OpenAIRE

Angela Belkys Brito García; José Miguel Alcalde Rojas; Raúl Medina Martín

2016-01-01

El hipotiroidismo congénito es el cuadro clínico resultante de una disminución de la actividad biológica de las hormonas tiroideas en los primeros años de vida, tiene una incidencia de 1/3000 a 1/4000 nacidos vivos. La expresividad clínica depende del grado de insuficiencia tiroidea, solo el 5% de los casos diagnosticados presentan manifestaciones clínicas al nacer, otros pacientes solamente pueden presentar niveles elevados de hormona estimulante del tiroides (TSH) en suero, el tratamiento...

Multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships among men who have sex with men in Viet Nam: results from a National Internet-based Cross-sectional Survey.

Science.gov (United States)

García, M C; Duong, Q L; Meyer, S B; Ward, P R

2016-03-01

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are one of the largest HIV risk groups in Viet Nam and have been understudied. Sexual concurrency and multiple sex partnerships may contribute to high HIV incidence among MSM in Viet Nam. Limited information is available on concurrency and multiple sexual partnerships among MSM in Viet Nam or on the extent to which this population engages in concurrent and multiple unprotected anal intercourse. Data are from a self-administered Internet-based survey of Vietnamese MSM aged 18 years or older, having sex with male partner(s) in the last 12 months and recruited from social networking MSM-specific websites in Viet Nam. Multiple partnerships and concurrency were measured using the UNAIDS-recommended sexual partner matrix, a key component in the questionnaire. Concurrent and multiple sexual partnerships were analyzed at the individual level. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the demographic characteristics and behaviors associated with multiple sexual partnerships. A total of 1695 MSM reported on multiple sexual partnerships; 69.5% indicated multiple sexual partnerships in the last 6 months. A total of 257 MSM reported on concurrent sexual partnerships, with 51.0% reporting penetrative sex with concurrent partners in the last 6 months. Respondents were more likely to engage in multiple sexual partnerships if they were no longer a student, consumed alcohol before and/or during sex, used the Internet to meet casual sex partners and had never participated in a behavioral HIV intervention. Multiple sexual partnerships in the previous 6 months were common among MSM surveyed, as was sexual concurrency. High levels of multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships may be catalyzing the transmission of HIV among MSM in Viet Nam. Given the high prevalence of this high-risk sexual behavior, our findings underscore the urgent need for targeted prevention efforts, focusing on the reduction of multiple and concurrent sexual partners

Prevalencia al nacimiento de 27 anomalías congénitas seleccionadas, en 7 regiones geográficas de la Argentina

OpenAIRE

Campaña, Hebe; Pawluk, Mariela S.; López Camelo, Jorge S.

2010-01-01

Objetivo. Estimar la frecuencia de 27 anomalías congénitas en 7 regiones geográficas de la Argentina. Material y métodos. Diseño observacional, transversal, descriptivo. Se seleccionó una muestra de 21 844 recién nacidos con malformaciones congénitas, sobre un total de 855 220 nacimientos ocurridos en 59 hospitales, entre 1994-2007. Se definieron 7 regiones geográficas de la Argentina. Para identificar regiones de alta frecuencia se utilizó una regresión de Poisson. El modelo incluyó la varia...

Síndrome brânquio-óculo-facial (BOFS e cardiopatias congênitas Síndrome branquio óculo facial (BOFS y cardiopatías congénitas Branchio-oculo-facial syndrome (BOFS and congenital heart defects

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Rafael Fabiano Machado Rosa

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Relatamos aqui o caso de um menino com 43 dias de vida, apresentando síndrome brânquio-óculo-facial (BOFS e cardiopatia congênita. Na avaliação clínica, ele possuía retardo de crescimento, pregas epicânticas, fendas palpebrais pequenas, telecanto, base nasal alargada, fenda labial falsa (pseudocleft, micrognatia, orelhas displásicas e rotadas posteriormente, fendas branquiais, pescoço curto e alado, mamilo extranumerário, hipotonia e reflexos tendinosos profundos diminuídos. A ecocardiografia verificou presença de um defeito do septo atrioventricular completo do tipo A e persistência do canal arterial. Essa descrição fortalece a possibilidade de que defeitos cardíacos congênitos possam fazer parte do espectro de anormalidades observado na BOFS.Relatamos en este estudio el caso de un niño con 43 días de vida, que presentaba síndrome branquio óculo facial (BOFS y cardiopatía congénita. En la evaluación clínica, revelaba retardo de crecimiento, pliegues epicánticos, hendiduras palpebrales pequeñas, telecanto, base nasal ensanchada, hendidura labial falsa (pseudocleft, micrognatia, orejas displásicas y rotadas posteriormente, hendiduras branquiales, cuello corto y alado, pezón extranumerario, hipotonía y reflejos tendinosos profundos diminuidos. La ecocardiografía verificó la presencia de un defecto del septo atrioventricular completo del tipo A y conducto arterial persistente. Dicha descripción fortalece la posibilidad de que defectos cardiacos congénitos puedan forman parte del espectro de anormalidades observado en la BOFS.We report the case of a 43-day-old boy with branchio-oculo-facial syndrome (BOFS and congenital heart defect. On clinical examination, he presented growth retardation, epicanthal folds, small palpebral fissures, telecanthus, broadened nasal bridge, lip pseudocleft, micrognathia, dysplastic and posteriorly-rotated ears, branchial clefts, short and webbed neck, supernumerary nipple, hypotonia

Congenital hepatic fibrosis associated with von Recklinghausen's disease Fibrosis hepática congénita asociada a enfermedad de von Recklinghausen

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O. A. Jorge

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Congenital hepatic fibrosis is characterized by a ductal plate malformation with duct-like structures and fibrosis. It manifests clinically with portal hypertension and may be associated with multiple congenital defects. We present the case of a 16-year-old male with splenomegaly, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, esophageal varices, and a histopathological diagnosis of congenital hepatic fibrosis. He exhibits "café au lait' spots and "Lisch' nodules, with a diagnosis of von Recklinghausen's disease. Congenital hepatic fibrosis belongs to the so-called fibropolycystic diseases, in which there is a disordered interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix. Von Recklinghausen's disease affects tissues derived from the neural crest and its diagnosis is based on clinical criteria. It is associated with multiple diseases. We describe its association with congenital hepatic fibrosis for the first time.La fibrosis hepática congénita se origina como consecuencia de una malformación de la placa ductal con estructuras tipo ductales acompañadas de fibrosis. Se manifiesta con hipertensión portal y puede asociarse a múltiples defectos congénitos. Presentamos un varón de 16 años con esplenomegalia, leuco- y plaquetopenia, varices esofágicas y diagnóstico histopatológico de fibrosis hepática congénita. La exploración física mostraba la existencia de manchas de "café con leche' y nódulos de "Lisch' con diagnóstico de enfermedad de von Recklinghausen. La fibrosis hepática congénita forma parte de las enfermedades fibropoliquísticas donde existiría una alteración en la interacción entre las células y la matriz extracelular. La enfermedad de von Recklinghausen afecta a los tejidos derivados de la cresta neural y su diagnóstico se basa en criterios clínicos. Se asocia a múltiples patologías. Presentamos por primera vez su asociación con fibrosis hepática congénita.

Prevalência de toxoplasmose aguda em gestantes, incidência de toxoplasmose congênita e desempenho de testes diagnósticos em toxoplasmose congênita

OpenAIRE

Ivana Rosângela dos Santos Varella

2007-01-01

Introdução: A infecção aguda pelo Toxoplasma gondii em gestantes pode determinar infecção fetal através de passagem transplacentária. As crianças afetadas podem desenvolver coriorretinite e déficit neurológico, na ausência de tratamento adequado. Objetivos: Estimar a prevalência de toxoplasmose aguda em gestantes atendidas na maternidade do Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, avaliando possíveis diferenças nas freqüências ao longo do período estudado; medir a incidência de toxoplasmose congê...

The World Report on Disability in relation to the development of speech-language pathology in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Atherton, Marie; Dung, Nguyễn Thị Ngọc; Nhân, Võ Hoàng

2013-02-01

Wylie, McAllister, Davidson, and Marshall (2013) argue that recommendations made within the World Report on Disability provide an opportunity for speech-language pathologists to consider new ways of developing services for people with communication and swallowing disorders. They propose that current approaches to the delivery of speech-language pathology services are largely embedded within the medical model of impairment, thereby limiting the ability of services to meet the needs of people in a holistic manner. In this paper, the criticality of selecting an appropriate service delivery model is discussed within the context of a recently established post-graduate speech therapy education programme in Viet Nam. Driving forces for the implementation of the program will be explored, as will the factors that determined the choice of service delivery. Opportunities and challenges to the long-term viability of the program and the program's potential to meet the needs of persons with communication and swallowing disorders in Viet Nam will be considered.

Seroprevalence survey of avian influenza A(H5N1) among live poultry market workers in northern Viet Nam, 2011.

Science.gov (United States)

Dung, Tham Chi; Dinh, Pham Ngoc; Nam, Vu Sinh; Tan, Luong Minh; Hang, Nguyen Le Khanh; Thanh, Le Thi; Mai, Le Quynh

2014-01-01

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) is endemic in poultry in Viet Nam. The country has experienced the third highest number of human infections with influenza A(H5N1) in the world. A study in Hanoi in 2001, before the epizootic that was identified in 2003, found influenza A(H5N1) specific antibodies in 4% of poultry market workers (PMWs). We conducted a seroprevalence survey to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to influenza A(H5N1) among PMWs in Hanoi, Thaibinh and Thanhhoa provinces. We selected PMWs from five markets, interviewed them and collected blood samples. These were then tested using a horse haemagglutination inhibition assay and a microneutralization assay with all three clades of influenza A(H5N1) viruses that have circulated in Viet Nam since 2004. The overall seroprevalence was 6.1% (95% confidence interval: 4.6-8.3). The highest proportion (7.2%) was found in PMWs in Hanoi, and the majority of seropositive subjects (70.3%) were slaughterers or sellers of poultry. The continued circulation and evolution of influenza A(H5N1) requires comprehensive surveillance of both human and animal sites throughout the country with follow-up studies on PMWs to estimate the risk of avian-human transmission of influenza A(H5N1) in Viet Nam.

Impact of Adverse Events Following Immunization in Viet Nam in 2013 on chronic hepatitis B infection.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xi; Wiesen, Eric; Diorditsa, Sergey; Toda, Kohei; Duong, Thi Hong; Nguyen, Lien Huong; Nguyen, Van Cuong; Nguyen, Tran Hien

2016-02-03

Adverse Events Following Immunization in Viet Nam in 2013 led to substantial reductions in hepatitis B vaccination coverage (both the birth dose and the three-dose series). In order to estimate the impact of the reduction in vaccination coverage on hepatitis B transmission and future mortality, a widely-used mathematical model was applied to the data from Viet Nam. Using the model, we estimated the number of chronic infections and deaths that are expected to occur in the birth cohort in 2013 and the number of excessive infections and deaths attributable to the drop in immunization coverage in 2013. An excess of 90,137 chronic infections and 17,456 future deaths were estimated to occur in the 2013 birth cohort due to the drop in vaccination coverage. This analysis highlights the importance of maintaining high vaccination coverage and swiftly responding to reported Adverse Events Following Immunization in order to regain consumer confidence in the hepatitis B vaccine. Copyright © 2015 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Anomalías congénitas del corazón

OpenAIRE

Toro Villa, Gabriel

2011-01-01

Es muy común en clínica cardiológica pensar poco en las lesiones congénitas del corazón. En sus cursos de Patología en estudiante pasa sobre ellas considerándolas como cosa demasiado rara, como mostruosidades apenas comparables a la de los mellizos siameses. Su atención apenas sí se fija en la enfermedad azul (morbus ceruleus), impropiamente llamada por él enfermedad de Roger, por el recuerdo de algún caso visto en la calle, que le han explicado ser debido a una comunicación interventricular....

Manejo estomatológico del paciente pediátrico con cardiopatía congénita. Revisión de la literatura

OpenAIRE

Zavala Cornejo, Karla Berenice; Práctica privada, Uruapan Michoacán, México; Vinitzky Brener, Ilan; Universidad Tecnológica de México (Unitec), México; Ramírez Bouchan, Daniel; Hospital del Niño y la Mujer, San Luis Potosí, México

2011-01-01

Las cardiopatías congénitas se definen como lesiones anatómicas del corazón y sus componentes que se presentan en el nacimiento y representan un problema de salud pública de primer orden. Los pacientes afectados presentan sintomatología muy diversa y requieren un manejo estomatológico adecuado y de calidad que les permita mantener su salud bucal sin poner en riesgo su salud general. Existe muy poca literatura sobre el manejo estomatológico del paciente pediátrico con cardiopatía congénita, po...

Examining the Seven-Flag "Chieu Hoi" Pass: A Primary Document from the American War in Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

Engelmann, Ted

2006-01-01

During the Viet Nam war, U.S. military helicopters dropped "Chieu Hoi" (safe conduct) passes over suspected enemy locations to encourage enemy soldiers to surrender. This article presents a classroom activity that encourages students to examine a "Chieu Hoi" pass as a primary historical document, identify its various elements,…

The Elimination of Illiteracy and the Use of Complementary Education in the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). Regional Office for Education in Asia and Oceania.

To counteract the legacy of 80 years of colonial rule in North Viet Nam, President Ho Chi Minh outlined government objectives in the Declaration of Independence in 1945. Major objectives included combatting ignorance and illiteracy. To work toward these objectives, the government established a Department of Popular Education and encouraged…

Décompte de paye et décompte de congé électroniques (e-Payslip) - French version only

CERN Multimedia

Finance Department

2004-01-01

Dans le cadre de la simplification des procédures et rationalisation des processus administratifs, les départements FI et IT ont proposé un projet de décompte de paye et décompte de congé électroniques. Ce projet a démarré au début de l'année 2004 après son approbation par le Directeur des finances et des ressources humaines. Une présentation du projet a été donnée au GTPA (Groupe de Travail sur les Procédures Administratives) et des discussions ont eu lieu au CCP (Comité de Concertation Permanent) lors de sa séance du 8 juillet 2004. Le système, qui a été conçu et réalisé par le Département IT, est à présent opérationnel. Qu'est-ce qui va changer ? Les membres du personnel qui reçoivent actuellement un décompte de paye et/ou décompte de congé sous forme de papier, recevront mensuellement et par courrier électronique une notification de décompte de paye et décompte de congé électroniques, en lieu et place des décomptes sous forme de papier. Le personnel retraité n'es...

Management and treatment outcomes of patients enrolled in MDR-TB treatment in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Phuong, N T M; Nhung, N V; Hoa, N B; Thuy, H T; Takarinda, K C; Tayler-Smith, K; Harries, A D

2016-03-21

The programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Viet Nam has been rapidly scaled up since 2009. To document the annual numbers of patients enrolled for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment during 2010-2014 and to determine characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients initiating treatment during 2010-2012. A retrospective cohort study using national reports and data from the national electronic data system for drug-resistant TB. The number of patients enrolled annually for MDR-TB treatment increased from 97 in 2010 to 1522 in 2014. The majority of patients were middle-aged men who had pulmonary disease and had failed a retreatment regimen; 77% had received ⩾2 courses of TB treatment. Favourable outcomes (cured and treatment completed) were attained in 73% of patients. Unfavourable outcomes included loss to follow-up (12.5%), death (8%) and failure (6.3%). Having had ⩾2 previous treatment courses and being human immunodeficiency virus-positive were associated with unfavourable outcomes. Increasing numbers of patients are being treated for MDR-TB each year with good treatment outcomes under national programme management in Viet Nam. However, there is a need to increase case detection-currently at 30% of the estimated 5100 MDR-TB cases per year, reduce adverse outcomes and improve monitoring and evaluation.

Collaborative activities and treatment outcomes in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Huyen, T T T; Nhung, N V; Shewade, H D; Hoa, N B; Harries, A D

2016-03-21

The National Tuberculosis (TB) Programme in Viet Nam and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). To determine 1) at national level between 2011 and 2013, the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, uptake of TB-HIV interventions and adverse treatment outcomes among TB-HIV patients; and 2) in HCMC in 2013, patient characteristics associated with adverse outcomes. An ecological study reviewing aggregate nationwide data and a retrospective cohort review in HCMC. Nationwide, from 2011 to 2013, HIV testing increased in TB patients from 58% to 68% and antiretroviral therapy (ART) increased in TB-HIV patients from 54% to 63%. Adverse treatment outcomes in TB-HIV patients increased from 24% to 27%, largely due to transfer out (5-9% increase) and death. The Northern and Highland regions showed poor uptake of TB-HIV interventions. In HCMC, 303 (27%) of 1110 TB-HIV patients had adverse outcomes, with higher risks observed in those with previously treated TB, those diagnosed as HIV-positive before TB onset and those never placed on cotrimoxazole or ART. Despite improving HIV testing rates and TB-HIV interventions, adverse outcomes in TB-HIV patients remain at about 26%. Characteristics predicting higher risk of adverse outcomes must be addressed if Viet Nam wishes to end the TB epidemic by 2030.

Private standards and labour productivity in the food sector in Viet Nam

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Trifkovic, Neda

standards affect labour productivity of small and medium firms from the food sector in Viet Nam. The results based on a 3-year panel show that the application of private standards improves labour productivity. These gains primarily occur to firms operating above a threshold labour-intensity level. Firms......A rising number of firms from developing countries have adopted voluntary private standards in the last decade. This has become an area of active research, especially in terms of the impact of private standards on trade, organizational performance, and employee outcomes. This paper analyses how...

Macrovaso retiniano congênito: relato de caso Congenital retinal macrovessel: case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Tavares Schueler

2005-06-01

Full Text Available O macrovaso retiniano congênito é rara anomalia vascular em que um vaso grande e suas tributárias cruzam a mácula. Descrevemos um caso de macrovaso retiniano em paciente com queixa de baixa acuidade visual.Congenital retinal macrovessel is a rare vascular anomaly in which a large vessel and its tributaries cross the macula. We describe a case of retinal macrovessel in a patient complaining of decrease in visual acuity.

Accreditation of Viet Nam's Higher Education: Achievements and Challenges after a Dozen Years of Development

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Huu Cuong; Evers, Colin; Marshall, Stephen

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the development of Viet Nam's approach to higher education quality assurance during the past dozen years since its establishment, focusing on the achievements and challenges. Design/methodology/approach: This is a desktop analysis study. The paper analyses the policies and practices related to…

Seroprevalence survey of avian influenza A(H5N1 among live poultry market workers in northern Viet Nam, 2011

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tham Chi Dung

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Objective: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1 is endemic in poultry in Viet Nam. The country has experienced the third highest number of human infections with influenza A(H5N1 in the world. A study in Hanoi in 2001, before the epizootic that was identified in 2003, found influenza A(H5N1 specific antibodies in 4% of poultry market workers (PMWs. We conducted a seroprevalence survey to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to influenza A(H5N1 among PMWs in Hanoi, Thaibinh and Thanhhoa provinces. Methods: We selected PMWs from five markets, interviewed them and collected blood samples. These were then tested using a horse haemagglutination inhibition assay and a microneutralization assay with all three clades of influenza A(H5N1 viruses that have circulated in Viet Nam since 2004. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 6.1% (95% confidence interval: 4.6–8.3. The highest proportion (7.2% was found in PMWs in Hanoi, and the majority of seropositive subjects (70.3% were slaughterers or sellers of poultry. Discussion: The continued circulation and evolution of influenza A(H5N1 requires comprehensive surveillance of both human and animal sites throughout the country with follow-up studies on PMWs to estimate the risk of avian–human transmission of influenza A(H5N1 in Viet Nam.

Violation of Bans on Tobacco Advertising and Promotion at Points of Sale in Viet Nam: Trend from 2009 - 2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Huong, Le Thi Thanh; Long, Tran Khanh; Son, Phung Xuan; Huyen, Do Phuc; Linh, Phan Thuy; Bich, Nguyen Ngoc; Lam, Nguyen Xuan; Anh, Le Vu; Tuyet-Hanh, Tran Thi

2016-01-01

Comprehensive bans on tobacco advertising and promotion were introduced through tobacco control legislation in Viet Nam, but it has been established that violations of the bans are very common. This study was conducted to explore the trend in violations of bans on tobacco advertising and promotion at points of sale in Viet Nam in the past six years and to explore any differences in the violation situations before and after the Law on Tobacco Control came into effect on 1st May 2013. Quantitative data were collected through observation of violations of the bans on tobacco advertising and promotion at points of sale in 10 provinces throughout Viet Nam in four survey rounds (2009, 2010, 2011, and 2015). Variation in violation prevalence over time was examined by chi-square test using a Bonferini method. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify the factors that may have influences on different types of violation. A level of significance of padvertising increased while violations on promotion ban and on displaying tobacco decreased through time. Some factors associated with the tobacco advertising and promotion bans included surveyed years, types of points of sale, regions and areas where the points of sale were located. The enforcement of the bans did not improve even after the issuance and the enactment of the Law on Tobacco Control. This suggests that the monitoring and enforcement of bans on tobacco advertising and promotion at points of sale should be strengthened. Penalties should be strictly applied for violators as indicated in the current tobacco control legislation.

Allergen sensitisation among chronic respiratory diseases in urban and rural areas of the south of Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Chu, H T; Godin, I; Phuong, N T; Nguyen, L H; Hiep, T T M; Michel, O

2018-02-01

To evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors for allergen sensitisation among patients with chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in southern Viet Nam. An environmental questionnaire and skin prick tests for airborne and food allergens were administered to patients with CRD, defined as individuals with respiratory symptoms and lung function defects. Of 610 CRD patients, 56% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 31% were asthma patients; 80% were males. The most frequent sensitisers were dust mites (Dermatophagoides farinae 22%, Blomia tropicalis 19%, D. pteronyssinus 18%) and cockroach droppings (13%). Among study participants, 37% were from rural settings and 36% from urban areas, whereas 27% had migrated from rural to urban areas. Compared with people from rural areas, being born in an urban area was a risk factor for sensitisation to mites (OR 1.56, 95%CI 1.11-2.20, P Viet Nam. Compared with the urban population, being native to a rural area was protective against mite sensitisation, but this effect ceased to be significant after migration from rural to urban areas.

Frecuencia y factores de riesgo asociados a desnutrición de niños con cardiopatía congénita

OpenAIRE

Villasís-Keever Miguel Angel; Pineda-Cruz Ricardo Aquiles; Halley-Castillo Elizabeth; Alva-Espinosa Carlos

2001-01-01

Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia y factores asociados a desnutrición en niños con cardiopatía congénita (CC). Material y métodos. Estudio transversal analítico, hecho entre agosto de 1997 y mayo de 1998, en el servicio de cardiopatías congénitas del hospital de Cardiología del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social de la Ciudad de México, México, a 244 menores de 17 años, de ambos sexos, con diagnóstico de CC y sin otras malformaciones. El estado de nutri...

RecÃm-nascidos com malformaÃÃes congÃnitas: prevalÃncia e cuidados de enfermagem na unidade neonatal.

OpenAIRE

FabÃola Chaves Fontoura

2012-01-01

Os recÃm-nascidos (RN) com malformaÃÃo congÃnita (MC) requerem dos profissionais de enfermagem atenÃÃo e cuidados especÃficos e individualizados. O estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalÃncia dos recÃm-nascidos com malformaÃÃes congÃnitas em instituiÃÃes pÃblicas e a assistÃncia de enfermagem prestada a essas crianÃas internadas na Unidade Neonatal (UN) nas primeiras 24 horas de vida. Estudo descritivo, transversal, quantitativo, realizado em trÃs Unidades Neonatais de instituiÃÃes hospitalares (A...

Manual on sample-based data collection for fisheries assessment : Examples from Viet Nam

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sparre, Per Johan

with through both detailed discussion and by using simple examples. These examples are mostly based on situations in tropical fisheries and, in particular, experience has been drawn from developing a data collection programme in Viet Nam. The main questions addressed in the manual are which fisheries data...... to collect, where and when to collect them. Only data collected from commercial marine capture fisheries are considered (data from freshwater fisheries, cultured fish and experimental fisheries are excluded). The methodologies used are mainly appropriate for a tropical developing country with many small...

Validation of clinical case definition of acute intussusception in infants in Viet Nam and Australia.

OpenAIRE

Bines, JE; Liem, NT; Justice, F; Son, TN; Carlin, JB; de Campo, M; Jamsen, K; Mulholland, K; Barnett, P; Barnes, GL

2006-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To test the sensitivity and specificity of a clinical case definition of acute intussusception in infants to assist health-care workers in settings where diagnostic facilities are not available. METHODS: Prospective studies were conducted at a major paediatric hospital in Viet Nam (the National Hospital of Pediatrics, Hanoi) from November 2002 to December 2003 and in Australia (the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne) from March 2002 to March 2004 using a clinical case definition ...

Harm reduction and “Clean” community: can Viet Nam have both?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Khuat Thu

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract The findings of our research show that while police play multiple roles in the fight against drug-related crime, they often perceived their tasks – especially preventing and controlling drug use on the one hand, and supporting harm reduction on the other – as contradictory, and this creates tensions in their work and relations with their communities. Although they are leaders and implementers of harm reduction, not all police know about it, and some remain skeptical or perceive it as contradictory to their main task of fighting drugs. Methadone treatment is seen by some as in competition with their main task of coordinating conventional drug treatment in the rehabilitation center. The history of drug use and the evolution of discourses on drug use in Viet Nam have created these conflicting pressures on police, and thus created contradictory expectations and led to different views and attitudes of police regarding various harm reduction measures. This might aid understanding why, despite the comprehensive and progressive policies on HIV/AIDS and harm reduction in Viet Nam, it is not easy for police to actively and effectively support and be involved in harm reduction at the ground level. To promote the wider acceptance of harm reduction the concept of community safety must be expanded to include community health; harm reduction must be integrated into the “new society” movement; and laws and policies need further revision to reduce contradiction between current drug laws and HIV laws. Harm reduction guidelines for police and other actors need to be disseminated and supported, embodying better ways of working between sectors, and all sectors in the partnership require support for building capacity to contribute to the overall goal.

A multicentre molecular analysis of hepatitis B and blood-borne virus coinfections in Viet Nam.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Linda Dunford

Full Text Available Hepatitis B (HBV infection is endemic in Viet Nam, with up to 8.4 million individuals estimated to be chronically infected. We describe results of a large, multicentre seroepidemiological and molecular study of the prevalence of HBV infection and blood-borne viral coinfections in Viet Nam. Individuals with varying risk factors for infection (n = 8654 were recruited from five centres; Ha Noi, Hai Phong, Da Nang, Khanh Hoa and Can Tho. A mean prevalence rate of 10.7% was observed and levels of HBsAg were significantly higher in injecting drug users (IDUs (17.4%, n = 174/1000 and dialysis patients (14.3%, n = 82/575 than in lower-risk groups (9.4%; p<0.001. Coinfection with HIV was seen in 28% of HBV-infected IDUs (n = 49/174 and 15.2% of commercial sex workers (CSWs; n = 15/99. HCV infection was present in 89.8% of the HBV-HIV coinfected IDUs (n = 44/49 and 40% of HBV-HIV coinfected CSWs (n = 16/40. Anti-HDV was detected in 10.7% (n = 34/318 of HBsAg positive individuals. Phylogenetic analysis of HBV S gene (n = 187 showed a predominance of genotype B4 (82.6%; genotypes C1 (14.6%, B2 (2.7% and C5 (0.5% were also identified. The precore mutation G1896A was identified in 35% of all specimens, and was more frequently observed in genotype B (41% than genotype C (3%; p<0.0001. In the immunodominant 'a' region of the surface gene, point mutations were identified in 31% (n = 58/187 of sequences, and 2.2% (n = 4/187 and 5.3% (n = 10/187 specimens contained the major vaccine escape mutations G145A/R and P120L/Q/S/T, respectively. 368 HBsAg positive individuals were genotyped for the IL28B SNP rs12979860 and no significant association between the IL28B SNP and clearance of HBsAg, HBV viral load or HBeAg was observed. This study confirms the high prevalence of HBV infection in Viet Nam and also highlights the significant levels of blood-borne virus coinfections, which have important implications for hepatitis-related morbidity and development of effective

A Self-Sustained Education System for a Developing Country: The Case of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Tran, Dien Ngoc

Viet Nam's average annual population growth rate is 2.6%, which accounts for a large youth population: 37.7% of the total population is under age 15, compared with an average of 20% in developed or newly industrialized countries. A free basic education for all children is almost impossible to provide. With consideration of the Vietnamese people's…

Effects of Social Class and School Conditions on Educational Enrollment and Achievement of Boys and Girls in Rural Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Phuong L.

2006-01-01

This study examines the effects of parental SES, school quality, and community factors on children's enrollment and achievement in rural areas in Viet Nam, using logistic regression and ordered logistic regression. Multivariate analysis reveals significant differences in educational enrollment and outcomes by level of household expenditures and…

Miastenia gravis congênita e oftalmoplegia externa

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Moreira Ana Tereza Ramos

2001-01-01

Full Text Available A miastenia gravis é uma doença crônica, caracterizada por fatigabilidade anormal de músculos estriados, podendo acometer grupos musculares isolados ou tornar-se generalizada. Os autores descrevem um caso de miastenia gravis congênita generalizada e oftalmoplegia parcial em um paciente de 10 anos de idade, portador de sintomas sistêmicos motores e de ausência na adução, abdução e elevação em ambos os olhos e com ptose palpebral bilateral, sendo reduzida à função de infraversão. O paciente foi diagnosticado aos dois anos e seis meses, sendo iniciado tratamento com piridostigmina em doses subterapêuticas, sem alteração importante no quadro clínico. Aos quatro anos de idade, procurou esta instituição, sendo ajustada à dose da medicação, seguindo-se melhora significativa dos sintomas motores sistêmicos, melhora parcial da ptose palpebral e sem alteração na oftalmoplegia externa.

Prevalence of and risk factors for violent disciplinary practices at home in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Cappa, Claudia; Dam, Hang

2014-02-01

Data on parenting practices and the use of violence in child rearing remain scarce worldwide, hindering prevention efforts. This study examines disciplinary methods used on children at home in Viet Nam. It is based on data collected from 2010 to 2011 through the fourth round of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS4)-a household survey program supported by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) that focuses on women and children in low- and middle-income countries. Respondents in the survey were asked 11 questions relating to disciplinary measures used in the preceding month on one randomly selected child (2-14 years old) in each household. A final question about attitudes probed adults' views on the need for physical punishment in child rearing. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to estimate the prevalence of violent and nonviolent forms of discipline, and to identify risk factors associated with violent punishment. Results showed that three in four children in Viet Nam are disciplined through violent means. The exposure of Vietnamese children to violent forms of discipline was significantly associated with varied characteristics of both children and their caregivers. Moreover, the use of violent disciplinary practices on children was strongly associated with positive attitudes toward corporal punishment. Risk factors for violent child discipline identified in this study can inform future interventions to promote positive practices and to protect Vietnamese children against violence in the home.

Registros de cardiopatia congênita em crianças menores de um ano nos sistemas de informações sobre nascimento, internação e óbito do estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2006-2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camilla Ferreira Catarino

Full Text Available Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever a ocorrência de casos de cardiopatia congênita em menores de um ano de vida registrados nos sistemas de informações em saúde do estado do Rio de Janeiro no período de 2006 a 2010. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc, Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS e Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM. RESULTADOS: foram encontrados 345 registros no Sinasc, 1.089 crianças internadas (SIH/SUS e 1.121 óbitos de menores de um ano tendo como causa básica cardiopatia congênita (SIM; a prevalência de cardiopatias congênitas foi de 3,18/10 mil nascidos vivos; as cardiopatias foram as principais causas de óbito no grupo das malformações congênitas, com coeficiente de mortalidade de 1,03/1.000 nascidos vivos. CONCLUSÃO: houve sub-registro de casos de cardiopatia congênita no Sinasc, demonstrando a dificuldade do diagnóstico precoce.

Caso clínico-radiológico: sífilis congénita

OpenAIRE

F. Ximena Ortega, Dra.; B. Karla Moënne, Dra.; Dr. C. Mauricio Pinto; Dr. A. Salinas José; Dr. S. Stefan Hossiason; Dr. W. Fredy Ribert; Dr. M. Marcos Skarmeta

2011-01-01

La sífilis es una infección potencialmente devastadora en el recién nacido, cuya incidencia ha ido aumentando. Se presenta el caso de un prematuro que evoluciona con falla respiratoria y compromiso multisistémico precoz secundario a sífilis congénita. Se comentan hallazgos en el examen físico, laboratorio e imágenes. Se discute sobre las formas de presentación en el niño, pruebas diagnósticas y diagnóstico diferencial.

The last stand of the psychocultural cold warriors: military contract research in Vietnam.

Science.gov (United States)

Rohde, Joy

2011-01-01

In 1966, the social scientists of the Simulmatics Corporation arrived in Saigon. Tasked by the Pentagon with helping to pacify South Vietnam, they conducted political and social psychological research on Viet Cong defectors, government soldiers, and Vietnamese villagers. This essay argues that Simulmatics's work captures some of the ironies of Cold War social science: its tendency to mask militarization behind the rhetoric of peaceful nation-building, its blurring of data collection and intelligence gathering, and its ambitious dedication to revealing the unseen contents of hearts and minds while remaining ignorant of the historical, cultural, and linguistic contexts in which its subjects lived. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The Agency's technical co-operation programme with Viet Nam 1983-1993 country programme summaries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1993-01-01

This report contains a review of the Agency's technical co-operation activities in Viet Nam carried out during 1983-1993. In terms of coverage and analytical depth, country programmes summaries stand somewhere midway between in-depth country programme evaluations and individual project evaluations. They attempt to provide a comprehensive, descriptive picture of the Agency's co-operation with a Member State in a manner that will be particularly useful for programming decisions. The attempt is very much to describe - largely through statistical data - not to provide independent analysis and evaluation

Sífilis congênita: evento sentinela da qualidade da assistência pré-natal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosa Maria Soares Madeira Domingues

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a assistência pré-natal na prevenção da transmissão vertical da sífilis. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal representativo para as gestantes de baixo risco atendidas em unidades de saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, período de 2007 a 2008. A identificação de gestantes com diagnóstico de sífilis na gestação foi feita por meio de entrevistas, verificação do cartão de pré-natal e busca de casos notificados em sistemas públicos de informação em saúde. Os casos de sífilis congênita foram identificados por meio de busca nos sistemas de informação em saúde: Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan, Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM e Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH do SUS. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 46 casos de sífilis na gestação e 16 casos de sífilis congênita com uma prevalência estimada de 1,9% (IC95% 1,3;2,6 de sífilis na gestação e de 6/1.000 (IC95% 3;12/1.000 de sífilis congênita. A taxa de transmissão vertical foi de 34,8% e três casos foram fatais, um abortamento, um óbito fetal e um óbito neonatal, com proporções elevadas de baixo peso e prematuridade. A trajetória assistencial das gestantes mostrou falhas na assistência, como início tardio do pré-natal, ausência de diagnóstico na gravidez e ausência de tratamento dos parceiros. CONCLUSÕES: Estratégias inovadoras, que incorporem melhorias na rede de apoio diagnóstico, são necessárias para enfrentamento da sífilis na gestação, no manejo clínico da doença na gestante e seus parceiros e na investigação dos casos como evento sentinela da qualidade da assistência pré-natal.

Epidemiology, Seasonality, and Predictors of Outcome of AIDS-Associated Penicillium marneffei Infection in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

Wolbers, Marcel; Quang, Vo Minh; Chinh, Nguyen Tran; Huong Lan, Nguyen Phu; Lam, Pham Si; Kozal, Michael J.; Shikuma, Cecilia M.; Day, Jeremy N.; Farrar, Jeremy

2011-01-01

Background. Penicillium marneffei is an important human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated opportunistic pathogen in Southeast Asia. The epidemiology and the predictors of penicilliosis outcome are poorly understood. Methods. We performed a retrospective study of culture-confirmed incident penicilliosis admissions during 1996–2009 at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Seasonality of penicilliosis was assessed using cosinor models. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of death or worsening disease based on 10 predefined covariates, and Cox regression was performed to model time-to-antifungal initiation. Results. A total of 795 patients were identified; hospital charts were obtainable for 513 patients (65%). Cases increased exponentially and peaked in 2007 (156 cases), mirroring the trends in AIDS admissions during the study period. A highly significant seasonality for penicilliosis (P Viet nam. The number of cases increases during rainy months. Injection drug use, shorter history, absence of fever or skin lesions, respiratory difficulty, higher lymphocyte count, and lower platelet count predict poor in-hospital outcome. PMID:21427403

Catarata congénita: actualización Congenital cataract: updating

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Lourdes R Hernández Santos

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión del tema relacionado con la catarata congénita, enfermedad que constituye la primera causa de baja visión y la segunda causa de ceguera en Cuba. Se presenta su diagnóstico, antecedentes, clasificación, las características clínicas, entre otras. Además, los principios y técnicas quirúrgicas, complicaciones posquirúrgicas encontradas, así como su pronósticoA review of the topic on congenital cataract, which is the first cause of low vision and the second cause of blindness in Cuba, was made. Its diagnosis, antecedents, classification, clinical characteristics, postsurgical complications found, as well as its prognosis, are presented

Déficit congénital en facteur V: à propos d'un cas | Boujrad | Pan ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Le déficit congénital en facteur V est une anomalie rare de la coagulation, initialement décrite par Owren en 1947 et connue sous le nom de para hémophilie. Elle est transmise selon un mode autosomique récessif. En générale elle est symptomatique à l'état homozygote. Le facteur V est un cofacteur essentiel dans la ...

Aneurisma congénito de la orejuela izquierda. Caso clínico

OpenAIRE

Johanna T. Otero; Eduardo A. Villanueva; Pedro Becker; Rodrigo Parra; Pamela Zelada

2008-01-01

El aneurisma auricular congénito es una enfermedad muy rara y su localización más frecuente es la orejuela de la aurícula izquierda con 51 casos comunicados en la literatura. La mayoría son asintomáticos, por lo que su diagnóstico es por hallazgo en técnicas de imagen. Presentamos el caso de un lactante de 4 meses, de género masculino, portador de un síndrome de Treacher-Collins o disostosis mandibulofacial y síndrome bronquial obstructivo cuyo estudio de técnicas de imagen diagnostica un ane...

Afasia motora congénita (informe preliminar presentado al Primer Congreso Colombiano de Neurología

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Juan Antonio Gómez

1966-01-01

Full Text Available El estudio del lenguaje, antes de que exista, es un campo bastante confuso de la neurología. No sólo participa de la caótica interpretación que diferentes escuelas actuales dan al fenómeno clínico de afasia sino que linda con el problema mismo de la evolución y creación del lenguaje, base de la cultura. De nuestro material clínico hemos escogido un grupo de 23 niños con afasia de la llamada "congénita", entre los cuales había 11 casos de afasia motora. Nueve se estudiaron bajo el punto de vista neurológico, psicológico, psicométrico, pedagógico y social. Todos fueron examinados radiológicamente, audiométricamente y electroencefalográficamente. El objeto del presente trabajo es presentar las manifestaciones neurológicas de los niños con afasia motora congénita principalmente, y discutir algunos puntos del diagnóstico diferencial y del posible mecanismo neurológico que ha impedido el desarrollo del lenguaje.

Revisión de la descripción y tratamiento de las anomalías congénitas más frecuentes de la mano

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Andrés A. Dogliotti

Full Text Available Introducción y Objetivo. Este trabajo de revisión intenta aportar una introducción al vasto grupo de las anomalías congénitas de la mano enfocada en las 3 entidades más habituales en la consulta diaria, a saber: la sindactilia simple y la polidactilia radial, predominando una o la otra de acuerdo a la población y las publicaciones, y siendo su frecuencia de aproximadamente 1 por cada 2000 nacidos vivos; y el pulgar en resorte, cuya frecuencia es difícil de estimar pero se calcula que está en torno a los 3 por cada 1000 nacidos vivos. Nuestro objetivo en el presente trabajo es volcar la experiencia de más de 27 años de nuestro Servicio en estas 3 entidades, con las respectivas subclasificaciones utilizadas que nos guian en la indicación del tratamiento y las conductas quirúrgicas a seguir en cada tipo de anomalía. Material y Método. Para la recogida de nuestra casuística recopilamos la información sobre pacientes de una base de datos personal desde 2005 a 2016; y para los pacientes más antiguos, entre 1998 a 2006, consultamos una base de datos electrónica del Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Quemados del Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, en Buenos Aires, Argentina, combinada con los registros de fichas (1987-2000 y complementada con el actual sistema de historias clínicas electrónicas del hospital (2014 a 2016. Llevamos a cabo también una revisión de la literatura sobre las 3 patologías que con más frecuencia vemos en consulta: el dedo en resorte congénito, la sindactilia congénita y la polidactilia radial. Resultados. El número de procedimientos quirúrgicos en casos con patología congénita de mano operados en nuestro Servicio entre 1988 y 2015 fue de 622. Gracias a la revision de la literatura encontramos una nueva clasificación de las anomalías congénitas de la mano basada en el sector y el eje predominantemente involucrado. Conclusiones. En las patologías congénitas de la mano resulta primordial

Towards a Lifelong Learning Society through Reading Promotion: Opportunities and Challenges for Libraries and Community Learning Centres in Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

Hossain, Zakir

2016-01-01

The government of Viet Nam has made a commitment to build a Lifelong Learning Society by 2020. A range of related initiatives have been launched, including the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Centre for Lifelong Learning (SEAMEO CELLL) and "Book Day"--a day aimed at encouraging reading and raising awareness of its…

On stable ground: Tackling soil erosion with nuclear techniques in Viet Nam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaspar, Miklos

2015-01-01

Dao Thanh Canh never studied physics or chemistry in school, but he understands a thing or two about nuclear isotopes. Until a couple of years ago, much of his five acre farm on the hills of central Viet Nam was gradually sliding away. Thanks to nuclear techniques used in determining the exact cause and source of soil erosion, his land is now stable, and his coffee plantation profitable. “We were very worried as uncertainty loomed,” he said. “A few centimetres of the soil disappeared every year when we had big hail storms.” Thanh Canh is not alone. Soil degradation affects 1.9 billion hectares of land worldwide, close to two thirds of global soil resources.

First record of a cave species of Euscorpiops Vachon from Viet Nam (Scorpiones, Euscorpiidae, Scorpiopinae).

Science.gov (United States)

Lourenço, Wilson R; Pham, Dinh-Sac

2013-07-01

Euscorpiops cavernicola sp. n., belonging to the family Euscorpiidae Laurie, is described on the basis of two male and two female specimens collected in the Hua Ma cave located in the Quang Khe commune, Ba Be district of Bac Kan province in Viet Nam. The new species presents most features exhibited by scorpions within the genus Euscorpiops, however it may represent the first discovered Scorpiopinae species exhibiting certain adaptations to cave life. Copyright © 2013 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

Can health systems be enhanced for optimal health services through disease-specific programs? Results of field studies in Viet Nam and Cambodia.

Science.gov (United States)

Egami, Y; Fujita, N; Akashi, H; Matsumoto, Y; Ohara, H; Takeuchi, M

2012-02-01

Developing better health systems is the key to delivering optimal health services, although more evidence of effective strategies to do so is needed. Field surveys were conducted in Viet Nam and Cambodia to identify best practices in addressing health system bottlenecks to scale up disease control programs. The two countries were compared over time using a framework for analysis developed by the authors. In Viet Nam, a health system was in place for decades at the central to municipal levels, although it was fragile until the 1990s, when the government started taking measures. In Cambodia, the previous health system had been destroyed during previous internal conflict. In the post-conflict period, the health system was rebuilt with support for programs followed by centralization of health services. In different settings, different measures were taken to deal with similar bottlenecks. In Cambodia, vertical programs were dominant, so the government sought to centralize drug management to deal with shortages of essential drugs, while Viet Nam sought to mobilize resources to ensure drug distribution at all levels. This study shows there is no single successful approach to health systems, and a systemic approach needs to be taken because elimination of one bottleneck may reveal another. Efforts to enhance disease-specific programs may not always contribute to overall enhancement of the health system, and the best possible approach may not be the same in different countries. Further study is needed to explore common issues and principles for effective strategies to enhance health systems in different contexts.

Cardiopathies congénitales: aspects épidémiologiques et échocardiographies à propos de 109 cas au centre hospitalier universitaire pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle (CHUP-CDG) de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Science.gov (United States)

Kinda, Georges; Millogo, Georges Rosario Christian; Koueta, Fla; Dao, Lassina; Talbousouma, Sollimy; Cissé, Hassane; Djiguimdé, Aristide; Yé, Diarra; Sorgho, Claudine Lougue

2015-01-01

Notre travail avait pour objectif d’étudier les aspects épidémiologiques et écho-cardiographiques des cardiopathies congénitales au CHUP-CDG afin d'y faire l’état des lieux. Pour se faire, nous avons mené sur une période de 27 mois d'aout 2009 à mai 2010 et d'octobre 2011 à décembre 2011, une étude rétrospective des comptes rendus d’échocardiographies Doppler des patients admis dans le service d'imagerie médicale. Nous avons utilisé une sonde cardiaque de 5MHz sur appareil Aloka Prosound 4000 Plus. Durant la période d’étude, 380 examens écho-cardiographiques ont été réalisés et ont permis de mettre en évidence 109 cas de cardiopathies congénitales avec 138 entités nosologiques différentes. Les cardiopathies congénitales représentaient 0,98% des 11169 entrées. Les souffles étaient au premier rang des motifs de demande de l’échographie Doppler cardiaque (121 cas sur 380) soit 39,53%. Les CIV étaient au premier plan des cardiopathies congénitales (28,26%), suivies des CIA (23,19%), des sténoses pulmonaires (19,57%), des Tétralogie de Fallot (9,42%). Dans leur forme isolée, les CIA étaient les plus fréquentes avec 21,95% des cas, suivies des CIV avec 20,73%. Sur 138 cas de cardiopathies congénitales (chez 109 enfants), 53 cas ont été observés chez des enfants de sexe féminin et 56 cas chez des enfants de sexe masculin soit un sexe ration de 1,1. La tranche d’âge présentant une fréquence élevée de cardiopathie congénitale est celle de 1mois- 30 mois avec 55% des cas. Les cardiopathies congénitales de l'enfant sont une réalité en Afrique, leurs fréquences dans toutes les séries rapportées sont certainement sous estimées en raison de l'inaccessibilité de l’échocardiographie doppler. PMID:26090039

Herba Cistanche (Rou Cong-Rong): One of the Best Pharmaceutical Gifts of Traditional Chinese Medicine

OpenAIRE

Zhiming eLi; Zhiming eLi; Huinuan eLin; Long eGu; Jingwen eGao; Chi-Meng eTzeng; Chi-Meng eTzeng; Chi-Meng eTzeng

2016-01-01

Cistanche species, known as Rou Cong-Rong in Chinese, are an endangered wild species and are mainly distributed in the arid lands and warm deserts of northwestern China. Within Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Herba Cistanche is applied as a tonic and/or in a formula for chronic renal disease, impotence, female infertility, morbid leucorrhea, profuse metrorrhagia and senile constipation. The chemical constituents of Herba Cistanche mainly consist of volatile oils, non-volatile phenylethano...

Herba Cistanche (Rou Cong-Rong): One of the Best Pharmaceutical Gifts of Traditional Chinese Medicine

OpenAIRE

Li, Zhiming; Lin, Huinuan; Gu, Long; Gao, Jingwen; Tzeng, Chi-Meng

2016-01-01

Cistanche species, known as Rou Cong-Rong in Chinese, are an endangered wild species and are mainly distributed in the arid lands and warm deserts of northwestern China. Within Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Herba Cistanche is applied as a tonic and/or in a formula for chronic renal disease, impotence, female infertility, morbid leucorrhea, profuse metrorrhagia, and senile constipation. The chemical constituents of Herba Cistanche mainly consist of volatile oils, non-volatile phenylethan...

Sensitivity, completeness and agreement of the tuberculosis electronic system in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Thai, L H; Nhat, L M; Shah, N; Lyss, S; Ackers, M

2017-12-21

Setting: Since 2011, tuberculosis (TB) clinics in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Viet Nam, have been entering data from a paper-based TB treatment register into an electronic database known as VITIMES (Viet Nam TB Information Management Electronic System), which is currently used in parallel with the paper system. Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity, completeness and agreement of data in VITIMES with that of paper-based registers among TB patients co-infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) being treated for TB in HCMC. Design: This was a retrospective data review of all TB-HIV patients receiving anti-tuberculosis treatment in each of the 24 district TB clinics in HCMC in 2013. Data were abstracted from the paper-based TB treatment registers at district level and extracted electronically at the provincial level. Records were matched based on name, age and address. The sensitivity, completeness and agreement of the electronic data were compared with data from the paper system. Results: The findings showed that the electronic system had high sensitivity (99.2%), high completeness (87-99%) and high agreement (κ 0.78-0.97) for all variables. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that data are being correctly entered into VITIMES and that patient data can be directly entered into VITIMES instead of having a parallel, paper-based system.

Protocolo de atención a niños y adolescentes con cardiopatía congénita en odontopediatría. Revision bibliográfica

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Juan Manuel de Jesús Cortes de la Torre

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Las cardiopatías congénitas son las malformaciones más habituales en el desarrollo de los niños los cuales, además, son susceptibles a desarrollar infecciones sistémicas microbianas secundarias a infecciones locales polimicrobianas como consecuencia de procedimientos dentales invasivos o toman fármacos, por ejemplo anti-coagulantes, antiarrítmicos, u otros, que pueden interferir con el manejo odontológico. Objetivo. Proponer un protocolo de manejo odontológico que permita detectar las cardiopatías congénitas o ya identificadas tener un abordaje dental que disminuya el riesgo de sepsis o endocarditis para el paciente pediátrico. Método. Revisión de la literatura a través de artículos indexados en Cochrane, Medline, Lilacs, EMBASE, Amedeo y SciELO, enfatizando los últimos cinco años, en los idiomas: francés, italiano, portugués, inglés y español. Resultados. Se presenta un protocolo odonde abordaje odontológico que disminuya los factores de riesgo ante la presencia de cardiopatías congénitas. Conclusión. Ya que existe una au-sencia de información sobre la relación de las cardiopatías congénitas y la odontología infantil, por ello la importancia de contar con un protocolo para el tratamiento de pacientes pediátricos mejorando su atención, pronóstico, calidad de vida y disminuyendo los factores de riesgo ante procedimientos dentales invasivos.

Suffering eases over time: the experience of families in the care of children with congenital anomalies El sufrimiento amenizado con el tiempo: la experiencia de la familia en el cuidado del niño con anomalía congénita O sofrimento amenizado com o tempo: a experiência da família no cuidado da criança com anomalia congênita

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristiana Araújo Guiller

2009-08-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to understand the experience of caring for a child with a congenital anomaly from the family's perspective. Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory were the theoretical and methodological references, respectively. Data collection was carried out with eight families with children having congenital anomalies through semi-structured interviews and participating observation. Data analysis reached axial coding. Results revealed two phenomena in the experience of families in delivering care to children with congenital anomalies - Facing an initially difficult experience and suffering eases over time. We concluded that the understanding of this experience supports the need to reconsider the nursing care provided to families in the care of children with congenital anomalies.El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender el significado de la vivencia del proceso de cuidar de niños con anomalía congénita bajo la perspectiva de la familia. El Interaccionismo Simbólico y la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos fueron utilizados como marcos teóricos y metodológicos, respectivamente. La recolección de los datos fue realizada en ocho familias de niños con anomalía congénita, utilizándose la entrevista semiestructurada y la observación participante. El análisis de los datos fue conducido hasta la codificación axial. Como resultados, fueron evidenciados dos fenómenos en la vivencia de la familia al cuidar del niño con anomalía congénita: deparándose con una vivencia inicialmente difícil, y teniendo el sufrimiento amenizado con el tiempo. Se concluye que la comprensión de esa vivencia ofrece subsidios importantes para repensar la asistencia de enfermería a la familia que cuida de niños con anomalía congénita.O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender o significado da vivência do processo de cuidar da criança com anomalia congênita sob a perspectiva da família. O Interacionismo Simbólico e a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados

Patterns of the utilization of prenatal diagnosis services among pregnant women, their satisfaction and its associated factors in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Doan, Duong Thi Thuy; Nguyen, Huong Thi Thu; Bui, Ha Thi Thu

2017-02-01

This study aimed at understanding the patterns of the utilization of prenatal diagnostic (PND) services among pregnant women, their satisfaction and its associated factors at three regional prenatal diagnostic centres in Viet Nam. A cross-sectional design was used, with a consecutive sampling method to recruit pregnant women who used PND services at the three biggest regional PND services centres in Viet Nam between January and June, 2014. A total of 298 participants, about 100 participants per centre were interviewed and included in data analysis. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression methods were applied to identify association between satisfaction of women and their socio-economic characteristics. 80% of pregnant women received counselling on PND services, whilst 90% received ultrasonography services; 65.4% were satisfied with the PND services they used. Pregnant women, who were in a lower income group and received counselling but did not receive ultrasonography, were more likely to have higher satisfaction levels of PND services. A process to ensure that every pregnant woman receives sufficient PND counselling before and after receiving PND testing must be given careful and thorough consideration.

Áreas de alta mortalidad perinatal debida a anomalías congénitas: análisis de estadísticas vitales, Colombia, 1999-2008

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Sandra Patricia Misnaza

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Durante 2012, las anomalías congénitas fueron la causa de 13 % de las muertes en menores de 28 días a nivel mundial y, en Colombia constituyeron la segunda causa de mortalidad infantil. Objetivo. Determinar la distribución geográfica de la mortalidad perinatal por anomalías congénitas en Colombia entre 1999 y 2008. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo revisando los certificados de defunción de Colombia. La muerte perinatal se definió como muerte fetal y no fetal en niños con un peso de 500 g o más y 28 o menos días de edad, y las anomalías congénitas, como causa básica de la muerte (Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades - CIE10: Q000 a Q999. La proyección nacional de nacimientos se tomó como el denominador de las tasas específicas. Se calcularon los percentiles para analizar las áreas de alta mortalidad (percentil de 90 o más. Resultados. Se encontraron 22.361 muertes perinatales por anomalías congénitas. Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda, Huila, Quindío, Bogotá, Valle del Cauca y Guainía superaron, en promedio, el percentil 90 durante los diez años de estudio. Los municipios con mayores tasas de mortalidad fueron: Giraldo, Ciudad Bolívar, Riosucio, Liborina, Supía, Alejandría, Sopetrán, San Jerónimo, Santa Fe de Antioquia y Marmato, en donde oscilaron entre 205,81 y 74,18 por 10.000 nacimientos. Las tasas de mortalidad perinatal por 10.000 nacidos vivos fueron de 28,1 para el grupo de malformaciones del sistema circulatorio; de 13,7 para anomalías del sistema nervioso central, y de 7,0 para anomalías cromosómicas. Conclusión. La alta mortalidad perinatal por anomalías congénitas en la región andina requiere acciones urgentes de investigación sobre los posibles riesgos y medidas de prevención.

Het Vietnam van Viet Thanh Nguyen [Bespreking van: V.T. Nguyen The sympathizer; V.T. Nguyen Nothing ever dies: Vietnam and the memory of war

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kleinen, J.

2016-01-01

Over geen enkele Amerikaanse oorlog en de gevolgen daarvan zijn meer boeken geschreven dan over de Vietnamoorlog. En toch zijn we er nog lang niet over uitgeschreven. Terecht, getuige het verrassende werk van Viet Thanh Nguyen.

Cateterismo diagnóstico en cardiopatías congénitas del adulto

OpenAIRE

García Montes,José Antonio

2006-01-01

Los métodos no invasivos en la actualidad son de elección para el diagnóstico en pacientes adultos con cardiopatía congénita. La tendencia del cateterismo cardíaco en la actualidad es el tratamiento intervencionista de algunas cardiopatías, sin embargo, en algunos casos, sobre todo en cardiopatías complejas el cateterismo diagnóstico puede ser necesario como complemento de otros métodos no invasivos. La medición de presiones, toma de oximetrías y angiografías continúa siendo fundamental en el...

Malformações congênitas do pâncreas: um caso clínico Congenital pancreas malformations: a clinical case report

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Ana Bento

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Este trabalho tem por objetivo fazer uma revisão da malformação congênita denominada de agenesia dorsal do pâncreas (ADP e de outras malformações congênitas pancreáticas, com base em um caso clínico raro e exemplar da problemática das malformações pancreáticas. Pretende-se rever a informação mais recente publicada na literatura nacional e internacional acerca das malformações congênitas pancreáticas e investigar a diversidade de formas de apresentação clínica da ADP e de outras malformações congênitas do pâncreas. Pretende-se saber em que situações há indicação terapêutica, qual a altura mais adequada de intervir, quais as modalidades disponíveis para o tratamento médico e ou cirúrgico das malformações congênitas pancreáticas. RESULTADOS: A ADP é uma malformação muito rara que surge durante a organogênese. Nas últimas décadas, foi produzido um volume importante de informação genética e embriológica que ajuda a compreender as causas das malformações pancreáticas. As malformações pancreáticas têm de ser estudadas e compreendidas no seu conjunto. CONCLUSÃO: A malformação pancreática é uma causa de pancreatite aguda e crônica no adulto, pouco estudada. A possibilidade da existência de malformações pancreáticas deve estar sempre presente em doentes com pancreatite aguda ou crônica sem causa evidente.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to review the congenital malformation known as agenesis of the dorsal pancreas (ADP and other pancreatic birth defects, based on a rare and exemplary clinical case of pancreatic malformations. The intent was to review the latest information published in the national and international literature on pancreatic birth defects, and to investigate the diversity of clinical presentations of ADP and other congenital pancreas abnormalities. The purpose was to identify which situations have therapeutic indication, the most appropriate time to institute

Isolation and Selection of Microalgal Strains from Natural Water Sources in Viet Nam with Potential for Edible Oil Production.

Science.gov (United States)

Thao, Tran Yen; Linh, Dinh Thi Nhat; Si, Vo Chi; Carter, Taylor W; Hill, Russell T

2017-06-23

Industrial vegetable oil production in Viet Nam depends on oil seeds and crude plant oils that are currently more than 90% imported. As the first step in investigating the feasibility of using microalgae to provide Viet Nam with a domestic source of oil for food and edible oil industries, fifty lipid-producing microalgae were isolated and characterized. The microalgae were isolated from water sources ranging from freshwater to brackish and marine waters from a wide geographic distribution in Viet Nam. Initial analyses showed that 20 of the 50 strains had good growth rates, produced high biomass and had high lipid content, ranging up to 50% of dry weight biomass. 18S rRNA gene sequence analyses of the 50 strains showed a great diversity in this assemblage of microalgae, comprising at least 38 species and representatives of 25 genera : Chlamydomonas , Poterioochromonas , Scenedesmus , Desmodesmus , Chlorella , Bracteacoccus , Monoraphidium , Selenastrum , Acutodesmus , Mychonastes , Ankistrodesmus , Kirchneriella , Raphidocelis , Dictyosphaerium , Coelastrella , Schizochlamydella , Oocystidium , Nannochloris , Auxenochlorella , Chlorosarcinopsis , Stichococcus , Picochlorum , Prasinoderma , Chlorococcum , and Marvania. Some of the species are closely related to well-known lipid producers such as Chlorella sorokiniana , but some other strains are not closely related to the strains found in public sequence databases and likely represent new species. Analysis of oil quality showed that fatty acid profiles of the microalgal strains were very diverse and strain-dependent. Fatty acids in the microalgal oils comprised saturated fatty acids (SFAs), poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). The main SFA was palmitic acid. MUFAs and PUFAs were dominated by oleic acid, and linoleic and linolenic acids, respectively. Some strains were especially rich in the essential fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA), which comprised more than 20% of the

Anoftalmia bilateral como defeito congênito isolado: uma abordagem etiológica e psicossocial

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Corso,Diego Davi; Bonamigo,Elcio Luiz; Corso,Mário Alberto; Rodrigues,Eduardo Büchele

2011-01-01

A anoftalmia é uma condição oftalmológica rara, caracterizada pela ausência de um ou ambos os olhos, de etiologia não elucidada, podendo ser congênita, adquirida ou associada a outras síndromes sistêmicas. Quanto à etiologia, já foram descritas na literatura aberrações cromossômicas, mutações genéticas e fatores ambientais como responsáveis pelo surgimento da anomalia. Não existe consenso sobre a real incidência da anoftalmia, devido à escassez em dados oficiais, principalmente no Brasil. Nes...

Trends in Second-Hand Tobacco Smoke Exposure Levels at Home among Viet Nam School Children Aged 13-15 and Associated Factors.

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Lam, Nguyen Tuan; Nga, Pham Thi Quynh; Minh, Hoang Van; Giang, Kim Bao; Hai, Phan Thi; Huyen, Doan Thu; Linh, Nguyen Thuy; Van, Duong Khanh; Khue, Luong Ngoc

2016-01-01

Second-hand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure at home, especially among children, is a serious issue in Viet Nam. During the past decade, much effort has been taken for tobacco control in the country, including various prgorammes aiming to reduce SHS exposure among adults and children. This article analysed trends and factors associated with SHS exposure at home among school children aged 13-15 in Viet Nam, using the Global Youth Tobacco Surveys conducted in 2007 and 2014. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods with logistic regression were applied. Overall, there was a significant reduction in the level of exposure, from 58.5% (95%CI: 57.6-59.3) in 2007 to 47.1% (95%CI: 45.4-48.8) in 2014. Of the associated factors, having one or both parents smoking was significantly associated with the highest odds of SHS exposure at home (OR=5.0; 95%CI: 4.2-6.1). Conversely, having a mother with a college or higher education level was found to be a protective factor (OR=0.5; 95%CI: 0.3-0.8).

Deficiência auditiva na toxoplasmose congênita detectada pela triagem neonatal Hearing loss in congenital toxoplasmosis detected by newborn screening

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Gláucia Manzan Queiroz de Andrade

2008-02-01

Full Text Available A toxoplasmose congênita pode causar déficit neurossensorial em até 20% dos casos e o tratamento no primeiro ano de vida melhora o prognóstico. No Brasil, desconhece-se o impacto da infecção na hipoacusia. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a audição de crianças com toxoplasmose congênita identificadas pela triagem neonatal. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo de crianças com toxoplasmose congênita identificadas pela triagem neonatal (IgM anti-T. gondii em Belo Horizonte, durante 2003/2004. Realizada sorologia confirmatória (mãe/filho e consideradas positivas as crianças apresentando IgM e/ou IgA nos primeiros seis meses ou IgG aos 12 meses de vida. Avaliações auditivas ao diagnóstico e após 12 meses incluíram Audiometria Comportamental, Emissões Otoacústicas, Imitanciometria, Audiometria de Tronco Encefálico. RESULTADOS: Dentre 30.808 crianças triadas (97% dos nascidos vivos, 20 apresentavam toxoplasmose congênita, 15 (75% com infecção subclínica. Dezenove crianças realizaram avaliação auditiva. Quatro apresentaram déficit neurossensorial (21,1%. Uma criança apresentou outros fatores de risco para hipoacusia; nas outras três, a toxoplasmose foi o único fator observado. Duas crianças, tratadas adequadamente com antiparasitários, apresentaram déficit auditivo, em desacordo com a literatura. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados sugerem que a toxoplasmose congênita, prevalente no Brasil, é um fator de risco para hipoacusia e o impacto dessa infecção nas perdas auditivas deve ser estudado.Congenital toxoplasmosis may cause sensorineural deficit in up to 20% of the patients and proper treatment in the first year improves prognosis. In Brazil, this infection’s impact on hearing impairment is unknown. AIM: To evaluate hearing of newborns with congenital toxoplasmosis identified by the newborn screening service. METHOD: This prospective study analyzed children with congenital toxoplasmosis identified by newborn screening (IgM anti

Avaliação metabólica de mulheres jovens com hiperplasia adrenal congênita

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Gabrielle Sormanti Schnaider Rezek

2011-01-01

Resumo: Introdução: Pacientes adultos com hiperplasia adrenal congênita (HAC) por deficiência de 21-hidroxilase apresentam maior incidência de obesidade, adiposidade visceral, hiperinsulinismo, resistência insulínica e hiperandrogenismo que indivíduos normais. A disfunção adrenomedular e o hipercortisolismo intermitente parecem estar associados a estas anormalidades, o que predispõe estes pacientes a um risco aumentado de desenvolvimento de síndrome metabólica e doença aterosclerótica. Objeti...

Prevalence and risk factors for tuberculosis infection among hospital workers in Hanoi, Viet Nam.

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Lien, Luu Thi; Hang, Nguyen Thi Le; Kobayashi, Nobuyuki; Yanai, Hideki; Toyota, Emiko; Sakurada, Shinsaku; Thuong, Pham Huu; Cuong, Vu Cao; Nanri, Akiko; Mizoue, Tetsuya; Matsushita, Ikumi; Harada, Nobuyuki; Higuchi, Kazue; Tuan, Le Anh; Keicho, Naoto

2009-08-27

Transmission of tuberculosis (TB) to health care workers (HCWs) is a global issue. Although effective infection control measures are expected to reduce nosocomial TB, HCWs' infection has not been assessed enough in TB high burden countries. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of TB infection and its risk factors among HCWs in Hanoi, Viet Nam. A total of 300 HCWs including all staff members in a municipal TB referral hospital received an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube(TM), followed by one- and two-step tuberculin skin test (TST) and a questionnaire-based interview. Agreement between the tests was evaluated by kappa statistics. Risk factors for TB infection were analyzed using a logistic regression model. Among the participants aged from 20 to 58 years (median = 40), prevalence of TB infection estimated by IGRA, one- and two-step TST was 47.3%, 61.1% and 66.3% respectively. Although the levels of overall agreement between IGRA and TST were moderate, the degree of agreement was low in the group with BCG history (kappa = 0.29). Working in TB hospital was associated with twofold increase in odds of TB infection estimated by IGRA. Increased age, low educational level and the high body mass index also demonstrated high odds ratios of IGRA positivity. Prevalence of TB infection estimated by either IGRA or TST is high among HCWs in the hospital environment for TB care in Viet Nam and an infection control program should be reinforced. In communities with heterogeneous history of BCG vaccination, IGRA seems to estimate TB infection more accurately than any other criteria using TST.

Dilatação por cateter-balão (dacrioplastia para tratamento das obstruções congênitas do ducto lacrimonasal Balloon-catheter dilatation (dacrioplasty for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction treatment

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Roberto Murillo Limongi de Souza Carvalho

2009-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar o resultado da técnica, inédita no Brasil, de dilatação do ducto lacrimonasal usando cateter-balão para tratamento da obstrução congênita do ducto lacrimonasal. MÉTODOS: Foram tratadas crianças com idade entre dois e cinco anos, com obstrução congênita de vias lacrimais usando o cateter-balão (Lacricath® para dilatação das vias lacrimais. O cateter foi introduzido pelo ponto lacrimal superior, sob anestesia geral. RESULTADOS: Entre os 27 olhos tratados, 23 apresentaram desaparecimento dos sinais e sintomas de lacrimejamento (taxa de sucesso de 85,2%. Todos os procedimentos foram realizados sem intercorrências e o seguimento pós-operatório mínimo foi de um ano. CONCLUSÃO: A dilatação com balão mostrou-se segura e eficiente como primeiro procedimento para os casos de obstrução congênita das vias lacrimais em crianças com mais de dois anos.Purpose: To verify the results of balloon-catheter dilatation for the treatment of congenital lacrimal duct obstruction. To the best of author's knowledge this procedure has not been previously used in Brazil and deserves scientific studies. METHODS: Children between 2 and 5 years old, with congenital lacrimal duct obstruction, were treated with balloon-catheter dilatation (Lacricath®. Catheter was introduced by the superior lacrimal punctum, under general anesthesia. RESULTS: Twenty-seven eyes were treated and 23 presented total improvement of epiphora signs and symptoms (85.2% success rate. During a one year follow-up, all the procedures had good outcomes, without complications and all the children had 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Balloon-catheter dilatation is an efficient and safe procedure and might be used for congenital lacrimal duct obstruction treatment in children older than 2 years.

Sífilis Congênita como Indicador de Assistência Pré-natal

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De Lorenzi Dino Roberto Soares

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: estudar a prevalência de sífilis congênita (SC em um hospital universitário da região sul do Brasil, destacando seu papel como indicador de qualidade da assistência pré-natal. Método: estudo descritivo dos casos de SC ocorridos no HG-UCS, no período de 1 de junho de 2000 a 31 de maio de 2001, com base nos critérios diagnósticos propostos pelo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 1998. Resultados: a prevalência de sífilis congênita observada foi de 1,5% (27 casos em 1739 nascimentos. O coeficiente de SC encontrado foi de 15,5 casos por 1000 nascidos vivos. Das 23 gestantes (85,2% que relataram acompanhamento pré-natal prévio, em apenas 16 (69,6% casos o diagnóstico de sífilis materna foi realizado antes do parto. Somente 4 gestantes (17,4% foram adequadamente tratadas durante o pré-natal, de modo a prevenir a transmissão vertical da doença. Em 8 casos (29,6% constatou-se a associação da sífilis materna com outras doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. O coeficiente de mortalidade perinatal por SC foi de 1,15 por 1000 nascidos vivos (2 mortes perinatais. Conclusões: os autores reafirmam a importância da SC como indicador de saúde perinatal, visto ser uma doença totalmente passível de prevenção durante o pré-natal. A elevada prevalência de SC observada permite questionar a qualidade da atenção pré-natal disponível à população estudada.

Sífilis materna e congênita: ainda um desafio Sífilis materna y congénita: un desafío Maternal and congenital syphilis: a persistent challenge

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Iracema de Mattos Paranhos Calderon

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo descritivo coletou informações sociodemográficas, obstétricas e relacionadas ao diagnóstico e tratamento da gestante/puérpera e parceiro das 67 gestantes/puérperas notificadas no Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação, usuárias de maternidades públicas do Distrito Federal, Brasil, entre 2009 e 2010. As informações do acompanhamento clínico e laboratorial recebido pela criança vieram do prontuário médico hospitalar, fichas de notificação compulsória e Cartão da Criança. Das gestantes, 41,8% foram adequadamente tratadas, o principal motivo para a inadequação foi a ausência (83,6% ou inadequação do tratamento do parceiro (88,1%. Mais de um terço necessitou de novo tratamento na maternidade por falta de documentação terapêutica no pré-natal. Dos recém-nascidos com sífilis congênita, 48% fizeram estudo radiográfico, 42% passaram por punção liquórica e 36% deles não receberam qualquer tipo de intervenção. Nota-se, assim, que a qualidade do pré-natal recebido pela gestante não é suficiente para garantir o controle da sífilis congênita e o alcance da meta de incidência da doença.El presente estudio descriptivo está basado en datos sociodemográficos, obstétricos, además se encuentra relacionado con el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la embarazada, así como de su pareja, en un grupo de 67 gestantes inscritas en el Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Sanitaria, usuarias del servicio de maternidad público en el Distrito Federal, Brasil, a partir de 2009 hasta 2010. La información, seguimiento clínico y de laboratorio recibidos sobre los niños provenían de historiales hospitalarios. Un 41,8% de las mujeres embarazadas fueron tratadas correctamente, no obstante, la razón principal de la inadecuación en el tratamiento fue la ausencia del mismo en un 83,6% o el tratamiento inadecuado del compañero en un 88,1%. Más de un tercio tuvo que ser sometida a un nuevo tratamiento en la maternidad

Eventração diafragmática congênita complicada por hérnia interna em lactente: uma rara combinação

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Willy Marcus Gomes França

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A eventração diafragmática (ED é um evento raro, caracterizado pela elevação anormal do diafragma. Em casos congênitos, ocorre defeito na muscularização do diafragma no período embrionário, o que afeta sua fixação e leva ao deslocamento do hemidiafragma enfraquecido para o tórax. Por outro lado, a hérnia diafragmática congênita (HDC decorre da falha de fusão das membranas pleuroperitoneais, resultando em um defeito diafragmático que permite a herniação visceral. Ao contrário da HDC, que apresenta maior gravidade, a ED congênita pode ser assintomática. Objetivo: Relatar um caso incomum de eventração diafragmática congênita complicada por hérnia interna. Metodologia: Informações obtidas pelo acompanhamento da paciente em enfermaria do Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba (CHS, análise do prontuário e revisão de literatura. Relato do caso: Lactente feminina de 53 dias de vida, referenciada à Emergência Pediátrica do CHS por vômitos, gemência, irritação e diminuição da aceitação do leite materno há 2 dias. Ao exame: mau estado geral; ausculta cardíaca em hemitórax direito, pulsos finos; ausculta pulmonar rude e diminuída em hemitórax esquerdo (HTE; abdome globoso, distendido, com edema de parede abdominal. A radiografia revelou a presença de alças intestinais em HTE, além de grande distensão das alças de delgado, com discreto edema de parede em algumas delas, sugerindo quadro obstrutivo e provável hérnia diafragmática. Durante a cirurgia, foram observadas alças de delgado em saco herniário eventrado no HTE, formando uma eventração diafragmática, onde haviam encarceradas alças de jejuno e íleo, comprometendo alça de íleo terminal, de aspecto necrótico por uma extensão de 10 cm. O tratamento cirúrgico foi curativo e a paciente recebeu alta após 14 dias. Conclusão: A eventração diafragmática congênita é diagnóstico diferencial com HDC, e sua correção cir

Defectos congénitos faciales en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico “Mártires de Las Tunas”

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Sara Elena Panizo Bruzón

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: desde épocas remotas hasta la actualidad, la forma en que las personas con defectos congénitos son tratadas por el resto de la sociedad han variado, reflejando el estilo de vida y la cultura de los diferentes pueblos. Aunque los defectos faciales no constituyen causa directa de muerte, sí provocan un impacto negativo, tanto en el medio familiar como en el contexto social. Objetivo: describir los defectos congénitos faciales más frecuentes en pacientes atendidos en la consulta de cirugía maxilofacial del Hospital Pediátrico Provincial “Mártires de Las Tunas”, durante el período desde septiembre de 2012 a diciembre de 2014. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en los pacientes, lugar y período de tiempo antes declarado. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por los 54 pacientes que presentaron defectos faciales y permanecieron en el territorio durante el transcurso de la investigación. Las variables estudiadas fueron: sexo, color de la piel, lugar de procedencia, factores asociados y clasificación embriológica del defecto. Resultados: la fisura labio-palatina constituyó el defecto más frecuente, para un 61,1 %, predominando en el sexo masculino y en la raza blanca. En relación a los factores asociados los más frecuentes fueron la herencia, seguido de la herencia multifactorial. Las malformaciones aisladas resultaron las más diagnosticadas. Conclusiones: se describieron los defectos congénitos faciales en la población estudio y la epidemiología fue similar a la reportada por la literatura.

Enfisema lobar congénito: Experiencia con 15 casos

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Ruperto Llanes Céspedes

2003-12-01

Full Text Available El enfisema lobar congénito es una malformación quística congénita del pulmón casi exclusiva de la infancia. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 15 pacientes tratados en el Hospital Pediátrico Universitario "William Soler" durante 10 años, con el objetivo de estudiar el comportamiento clínico y terapéutico. Se encontró que 10 casos correspondieron al sexo femenino (66,66 % y 5 al masculino (33,33 %; la edad de inicio de los síntomas varió desde menos de 24 horas de nacido hasta 24 semanas y la manifestación clínica más frecuente fue la disnea en 14 pacientes (93,33 %. El lóbulo superior izquierdo estuvo afectado en 9 casos (60,00 % con mayor gravedad, seguido del lóbulo medio derecho en 5 niños (33,33 % y el lóbulo superior derecho en uno (6,66 %; la lobectomía se realizó en la mayoría de los casos. Se concluye que esta enfermedad fue más frecuente en el sexo femenino, en menores de 24 semanas y en el lóbulo superior izquierdo; la severidad del cuadro clínico obligó al tratamiento quirúrgico de urgencia en muchos pacientes.The congenital lobar emphysema is a congenital cystic malformation of the lung mostly seen in children. A retrospective study was conducted among 15 patients treated at "William Soler" Pediatric Teaching Hospital for 10 years aimed at studying the clinical and therapeutical behavior. It was found that 10 cases were females (66.66 % and 5 were males (33.33 %. The age at the onset of the symptoms ranged from 24 hours to 24 weeks. The most frequent clinical manifestation was dyspnea in 14 patients (93.33 %. The left upper lobule was more severely affected in 9 cases (60.00 %, followed by the right medial lobule in 5 children (33.33 % and the upper right lobule in 1 (6.66 %. Lobectomy was performed in most of the cases. It was concluded that this disease was more common in females under 24 weeks and in the left upper lobule. The severity of the clinical picture led to emergency surgery in many

Sífilis congénita en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, Bucaramanga (Colombia), 2006 - 2007

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Cecilia del Carmen Matos Mareño; Luís Alfonso Pérez Vera

2013-01-01

Antecedentes. La sífilis congénita (SC) aumenta en nuestro país a pesar de existir un programa diseñado para su control. Se requiere conocer las características de los afectados y sus padres, para implementar medidas de control. Objetivo. Caracterizar los casos de SC atendidos en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, Bucaramanga (Colombia), entre Junio/2006 y Septiembre/2007. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal prospectivo. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas y clínicas...

Defeitos congênitos em bovinos da Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul

OpenAIRE

Macêdo,J.T.S.A.; Lucena,R.B.; Giaretta,P.R.; Kommers,G.D.; Fighera,R.A.; Irigoyen,L.F.; Barros,C.S.L.

2011-01-01

Foram revisados casos de defeitos congênitos (DCs) diagnosticados em bovinos no Laboratório de Patologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria em 1964-2010. Durante o período estudado, foram examinados materiais provenientes da necropsia de 7.132 bovinos e foram encontrados 31 bezerros (0,4%) com DCs, os quais foram classificados em 34 tipos e alocados nos sistemas orgânicos primariamente afetados. Os DCs ocorriam isoladamente (19 [61,3%]) ou afetavam múltiplos sítios anatômicos (15 [28,7%])...

Sífilis congênita no Rio Grande do Norte: estudo descritivo do período 2007-2010

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Isaiane da Silva Carvalho

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a ocorrência e o perfil dos casos notificados de sífilis congênita no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, no período de 2007 a 2010. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc e do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan. RESULTADOS: No período avaliado, verificou-se 598 casos notificados de sífilis congênita e taxas de incidência de 2,7 e 0,9 por 1.000 nascidos vivos, respectivamente nos anos de 2007 e 2010; o município de Natal-RN concentrou 74,6% das notificações; a maioria das notificações foi de nascidos vivos cujas mães tinham até 8 anos de estudo (65,0%, haviam realizado pré-natal (72,2% e com diagnóstico de sífilis no momento do parto/curetagem (41,0%. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar da diminuição da taxa de incidência no período investigado, em 2010, ela ainda era superior ao valor de 0,5/1.000 nascidos vivos, meta estabelecida para eliminação da doença.

Mineralización ósea en niños y adolescentes con hipotiroidismo congénito Bone mineralization in children and adolescents presenting with a congenital hypothyroidism

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Kesia Granela Cortiñas

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Introducción: en el hipotiroidismo congénito la mineralización ósea puede afectarse por la enfermedad o por los efectos del tratamiento con hormonas tiroideas. Objetivo: determinar en pacientes con hipotiroidismo congénito la mineralización ósea. Métodos: se realizó estudio descriptivo transversal pareado, en niños cubanos con hipotiroidismo congénito (n=67 y un grupo control (n=67. Se analizó la mineralización ósea por densitometría, y se tuvo en cuenta la edad, el sexo, la maduración ósea y sexual, el diagnóstico hormonal y el tratamiento. Se aplicaron intervalos de confianza (95 %, análisis de varianza y correlación con significación. Resultados: la densidad, el contenido mineral óseo y el z-score en niños cubanos con hipotiroidismo congénito, y el grupo control no fue diferente significativamente (p=0,466; 0,155; 0,416 respectivamente. Estimaciones de asociación de mineralización ósea por edad mostró diferencia significativa en la densidad mineral ósea y contenido mineral óseo (p=0,000 para ambos grupos, y el z-score solo para los enfermos. La mineralización ósea fue significativa en la dosis promedio con levotiroxina en la segunda y tercera fase ósea, y en el tiempo de tratamiento. En el hipotiroidismo congénito permanente hubo correlación con el diagnóstico hormonal y el tiempo de tratamiento (p=0,000. Conclusiones: la mineralización ósea es homogénea en ambos grupos. La densidad y el contenido mineral óseo en niños cubanos con hipotiroidismo congénito y el grupo control se asocian con la edad, y son independientes del sexo. El z-score en pacientes con hipotiroidismo congénito sufre variación con la edad, y es independiente al sexo en ambos grupos. La densidad y el contenido mineral óseo varían en niños con hipotiroidismo congénito.Introduction: in the case of the congenital hypothyroidism the bone mineralization may be affected by disease or by the effects of the thyroid hormones treatment

Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la catarata congénita e infantil

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Merixy Charón Milián

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: la catarata de cualquier etiología es la una de las causas más importantes de ceguera tratable en los niños. Objetivos: caracterizar, desde los puntos de vista clínico y epidemiológico, la catarata congénita e infantil. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo en el Hospital Pediátrico "William Soler", entre enero de 2004 y junio de 2006. Se analizaron las variables: edad, sexo, procedencia, vía de captación, síntomas, factores de riesgo, localización, etiología probable y lateralidad de la catarata, alteraciones oculares asociadas y visión posquirúrgica. Los resultados se expresaron en media y porcentaje. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 4,9 años y para menores de 1 año de 6,6 meses. Predominaron los varones (60,32 %, los pacientes de La Habana (25,4 %, la remisión médica como vía de captación (71,43 %, la leucocoria (30,15 %, la presencia de anomalías congénitas múltiples (34,92 %, la localización central de la catarata (44,44 %, la causa idiopática (41,27 % y la bilateralidad (66,67 %. El 34,92 % de los pacientes tenía asociada otra anomalía ocular, y el 59,04 % de los ojos operados alcanzaron visión entre 0,7 y 1,0. Conclusiones: en la serie analizada predominaron los lactantes menores de 2 meses y los varones, los pacientes de La Habana, la remisión médica, la leucocoria y las anomalías congénitas múltiples asociadas, la localización central y la posible etiología; en las bilaterales, el origen hereditario; y en las unilaterales, la causa desconocida. La mejoría visual posquirúrgica fue mayor a medida que disminuyó la edad del paciente al momento de realizar la cirugía.

Impact of mandatory motorcycle helmet wearing legislation on head injuries in Viet Nam: results of a preliminary analysis.

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Passmore, Jonathon; Tu, Nguyen Thi Hong; Luong, Mai Anh; Chinh, Nguyen Duc; Nam, Nguyen Phuong

2010-04-01

To compare estimated prevalence of head injuries among road traffic injury patients admitted to hospitals, before and after the introduction of a mandatory helmet law in the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. Before and after study of all road traffic injury patients with head injuries admitted to 20 provincial and central hospitals 3 months before and after the new law came into effect on 15 December 2007. Relative risk was computed and comparison made for the periods of 3 months before and after the new law. The study found a 16 percent reduction in the risk of road traffic head injuries (4683 to 3522; relative risk [RR] 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81-0.87) and an 18 percent reduction in the risk of road traffic death (deaths in hospital plus injured patients discharged to die at home; 566 to 417; RR 0.82; 95% CI 0.73-0.93). Over the first 3 months of the comprehensive mandatory helmet legislation there has been a significant reduction in the risk of road traffic head injuries among patients admitted to 20 hospitals. The Viet Nam Government's decision to require all motorcycle riders and passengers to wear helmets is suspected of leading to positive road safety benefits and should be seen as a policy example for other low- and middle-income countries with a high utilization of motorcycles for transport.

Prevalence and risk factors for tuberculosis infection among hospital workers in Hanoi, Viet Nam.

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Luu Thi Lien

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Transmission of tuberculosis (TB to health care workers (HCWs is a global issue. Although effective infection control measures are expected to reduce nosocomial TB, HCWs' infection has not been assessed enough in TB high burden countries. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of TB infection and its risk factors among HCWs in Hanoi, Viet Nam. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 300 HCWs including all staff members in a municipal TB referral hospital received an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA, QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube(TM, followed by one- and two-step tuberculin skin test (TST and a questionnaire-based interview. Agreement between the tests was evaluated by kappa statistics. Risk factors for TB infection were analyzed using a logistic regression model. Among the participants aged from 20 to 58 years (median = 40, prevalence of TB infection estimated by IGRA, one- and two-step TST was 47.3%, 61.1% and 66.3% respectively. Although the levels of overall agreement between IGRA and TST were moderate, the degree of agreement was low in the group with BCG history (kappa = 0.29. Working in TB hospital was associated with twofold increase in odds of TB infection estimated by IGRA. Increased age, low educational level and the high body mass index also demonstrated high odds ratios of IGRA positivity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Prevalence of TB infection estimated by either IGRA or TST is high among HCWs in the hospital environment for TB care in Viet Nam and an infection control program should be reinforced. In communities with heterogeneous history of BCG vaccination, IGRA seems to estimate TB infection more accurately than any other criteria using TST.

Extrofia vesical, una anomalía congénita

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Roger Rojas Rojas

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un trabajo descriptivo y representativo de un caso, para el que se utilizó la entrevista, la ultrasonografía y la evaluación del grupo Multidisciplinario de Genética Provincial. La paciente con 23 años de edad, con historia obstetricia de G2 P1 eutócico, clasificado de riesgo genético bajo, se le detectó en el ultrasonido del segundo semestre en la semana de gestación 19.6 una anomalía congénita, diagnosticada como extrofia vesical. Después de encontrado este hallazgo, la gestante fue remitida al Centro Genético Provincial. El equipo facultativo evaluó el caso y decidió la interrupción electiva del embarazo, siendo un feto de 450 gramos del sexo femenino. El resultado final de la anatomía patológica fue: ausencia de fusión del hueso pelviano; malformación de la vulva, clítoris prominente, labios mayores cortos y abiertos; vejiga insertada en la pared abdominal.

Costo efectividad de diferentes estrategias diagnósticas para detección de toxoplasmosis congénita en el recién nacido

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Liliana Chicaíza-Becerra

Full Text Available Objetivo: Estimar la costo-efectividad para Colombia del diagnóstico de toxoplasmosis congénita en el recién nacido de madre con historia de infección durante el embarazo. Métodos. Se construyó un árbol de decisión en TreeAge ® con desenlace casos correctamente identificados. Las alternativas del modelo fueron: i Western Blot (WB; ii IgM e IgA, con confirmación por WB; iii IgG, IgM e IgA con confirmación por WB y seguimiento con IgG. La perspectiva es la del sistema de salud con cifras expresadas en pesos colombianos de 2010 sin descuento. Resultados: La estrategia de menor costo y efectividad fue la i. La estrategia ii es más cara y más efectiva que la i, y la estrategia iii es más cara y efectiva que las anteriores. El costo de detectar un caso adicional correctamente con la estrategia ii en lugar de la i es de $6.189.871. Este resultado es sensible al costo de la prueba de Western Blot y su sensibilidad, así como a la prevalencia de la toxoplasmosis congénita. El costo de detectar un caso adicional correctamente con la estrategia iii en lugar de la ii es de $65.529.979, resultado que es sensible a la prevalencia de la toxoplasmosis congénita, la sensibilidad de la prueba conjunta de IgM e IgA y la sensibilidad del Western Blot. Según el análisis de sensibilidad probabilístico, si la disponibilidad a pagar (DAP por caso detectado adicional es inferior a $6,7 millones de pesos, es más probable que la estrategia costo-efectiva sea la i; quedando entre $6,7 millones de pesos y $74 millones de pesos la ii, y la iii por encima de $74 millones de pesos. Conclusiones: La alternativa costo-efectiva para Colombia dependerá de la disponibilidad a pagar (DAP por caso adicional detectado de toxoplasmosis congénita. La DAP debería tomar en cuenta la efectividad del tratamiento y los costos evitados por las secuelas de la infección.

Pie varus equino congénito (Factores etiológicos

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Valentín Malagón-Castro

1955-04-01

Full Text Available La causa eficiente del pié varus equino congénito, es en la actualidad desconocida. Existen, sin embargo, múltiples teorías orientadas a la explicación de este problema : Teorías atávica y arquiterígea, de Bardeleben, 1878 y Gegenbauer, 1864. Teoría de la Falla circulatoria de Keith, 1940, y de la Displasia fetal de Streeter, 1930; Teoría de la "Flictena" de Bagg, 1920 y Bonnevie, 1934. La Miodistrofia de Middleton, 1934; La presión mecánica intrauterina de Hipócrates, Dermis Browne, etc. La acción de las bridas amniótica y de la Enfermedad ulcerosa del amnios. Ombredanne. La detención en el desarrollo embrionario. Bohm. Los factores genéticos y las causas adyuvantes que pueden obrar sobre éstos: Deficiencia de la dieta materna durante el embarazo; irradiaciones, traumas, enfermedades y drogas recibidas durante la gestación, etc.

Tratamiento quirúrgico de la displasia congénita de la cadera en el niño

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Fernando Londoño Gutiérrez

1971-07-01

Full Text Available Se analizan 64 historias clínicas de pacientes con displasia congénita de la cadera atendidos quirúrgicamente en el Hospital Universitario Pediátrico de la Misericordia de Bogotá en un período de dos años. Se revisan las principales técnicas empleadas y se valoran los resultados obtenidos, presentándose finalmente un esquema de la conducta que seguimos en el tratamiento quirúrgico de dicha displasia.

Brief behavioural surveys in routine HIV sentinel surveillance: a new tool for monitoring the HIV epidemic in Viet Nam.

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Thanh, Duong Cong; Hien, Nguyen Tran; Tuan, Nguyen Anh; Ha, Hoang Thi Thanh; Thang, Pham Hong; Ha, Nguyen Thi Thanh; Tuan, Le Anh; Quang, Tran Dai; Tram, Tran Hong; Le Hai, Nguyen; Huong, Phan Thi Thu; Son, Vo Hai; Duc, Bui Hoang; Nga, Nguyen Thien; Jacka, David; Sabin, Keith

2015-01-01

In this report we describe a new approach in HIV sentinel surveillance that was piloted in Viet Nam in 2009 and is currently being rolled out in all provinces. It comprises a brief behavioural questionnaire added to the HIV sentinel surveillance surveys conducted routinely among people who inject drugs, female sex workers and men who have sex with men. Timely reporting of data from this system has resulted in improvements to HIV prevention efforts for most at-risk populations.

Defeitos congênitos diagnosticados em ruminantes na Região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul Congenital defects in ruminants in southern Brazil.

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Clairton Marcolongo-Pereira

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Foi realizado um estudo dos defeitos congênitas diagnosticados em bovinos, ovinos e bubalinos mediante revisão dos protocolos de necropsia do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas entre 1978 e 2009. A ocorrência de defeitos congênitos em bovinos, ovinos e bubalinos representou 0,88%, 0,36% e 7,54% respectivamente, de todos os materiais dessas espécies recebidos. Em bovinos os defeitos esporádicos representaram 45,83% dos diagnósticos, os hereditários 6,25%, os provavelmente hereditários 29,16% e os ambientais ou provavelmente ambientais 16,66%. Dos 48 casos de defeitos congênitos diagnosticados em bovinos 21 (43,75% afetaram o sistema esquelético (condrodisplasia, escoliose, desvio lateral da mandíbula, fenda palatina e malformação não classificada, nove (18,75% o sistema nervoso central (hipoplasia dos lobos frontais e olfatórios, degeneração cerebelar cortical, espinha bífida, hipomielinogênese congênita, hipermetria hereditária, hipoplasia cerebelar e paquigiria, nove (18,75% o sistema muscular (artrogripose, três (6,25% o sistema cardiovascular (persistência do ducto arterioso e malformação não classificada, um (2,08% o sistema linfático (hipoplasia linfática, um (2,08% o sistema gastrintestinal (atresia anal, e, um (2,08% o olho (catarata congênita. Em cinco casos (10,41% vários sistemas estavam afetados (diprosopo. Em bovinos foram diagnosticadas diversas doenças hereditárias (hipermetria hereditária, artrogripose, hipoplasia linfática ou suspeitas de serem hereditárias (condrodisplasia. Ocorreram, também, com menor freqüência, defeitos congênitos de origem ambiental (hipomielinogenese, por carência de cobre ou possivelmente ambiental (fenda palatina, hipoplasia cerebelar, degeneração cerebelar cortical. Todos os casos de defeitos congênitos observados em ovinos (gêmeos anômalos e aprosopia afetaram vários sistemas e eram espor

South China sea off Viet Nam to see more exploration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1992-01-01

British and Japanese operators are posed for exploration campaigns off southern Viet Nam. This paper reports that a 50-50 partnership of Lasmo International Ltd., London, and C. Itoh Exploration Co. of Japan signed a heads of agreement covering Block 04-2, and AEDC Vietnam Oil Development Co. and Teikoku Oil Co. acquired Block 05-3 under a production sharing contract. AEDC is a unit of AOC Energy Development Co., a subsidiary of Arabian Oil Co. (AOC) of Japan. Both tracts are in the Con Son basin in the South China Sea. Site is 15 km north of 500 million bbl Dai Hung (Big Bear) oil field for which state owned Petrovietnam is evaluating bids to place on production. A unit of the Royal Dutch/shell Group acquired a west offset, Block 10, early this year. The Lasmo-C. Itoh acreage is among five blocks offered in Vietnam's second round of offshore licensing. All are in the area that once was reserved entirely for Vietsovpetro, a partnership of Petrovietnam and the former Soviet Union

Reconstrucción genital integral en la Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congénita: sensibilidad, estética y función (embarazo

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A.A. Núñez Serrano

Full Text Available La Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congénita o Síndrome Adrenogenital es un cuadro clínico poco frecuente. Las anomalías que presenta van asociadas a síndromes que a veces son muy complejos, destacando, entre otros, el seudohermafroditismo femenino y el hermafroditismo verdadero. Las mujeres que la padecen presentan como alteración más evidente un clítoris aumentado de tamaño (megaloclítoris y otras alteraciones en los genitales externos. Ante estas pacientes es necesario realizar un diagnostico correcto mediante exploración física y otras pruebas complementarias: estudios genéticos, analíticos, hematológicos y urinarios. La corrección quirúrgica del megaloclítoris es necesaria no sólo para mejorar el aspecto de los genitales externos, sino también para que tanto la paciente como su familia se encuentren menos afectados psicológicamente. Existen varias técnicas quirúrgicas que intentan corregir esta malformación, como la amputación o clitorectomía total, la retroposición o enterramiento y la clitorectomía parcial selectiva. Todas ellas, junto con otras correcciones de los genitales externos afectados, han sido utilizadas hasta el día de hoy. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congénita por déficit del enzima 21-hidroxilasa. Describimos su clínica, la técnica quirúrgica aplicada en su caso y, sobre todo, dado la rareza de esta patología, comunicamos que, tras dos embarazos, los dos hijos nacidos, no presentaron la alteración congénita materna.

Malformaciones congénitas renales en el paciente pediátrico de la provincia de Mayabeque

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Mercedes Silva Rojas

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Las anomalías congénitas del riñón y del tracto urinario representan un porciento importante de todas las anomalías identificadas en el periodo neonatal, dando lugar a una amplia variedad de desórdenes; por este motivo se implementó la presente investigación, con el objetivo de describir el comportamiento de las malformaciones congénitas renales en la edad pediátrica, ocurridas en la provincia de Mayabeque durante el segundo semestre del año 2013. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo de corte transversal, con el universo de los niños atendidos en la consulta de nefrología pediátrica provincial del Hospital General Docente “Aleida Fernández Chardiet”, del municipio de Güines, en la referida provincia. La muestra quedó conformada por los 18 niños con malformaciones renales, que fueron atendidos de julio a diciembre de 2013. En el 50% de ellos se les realizó el diagnosticó durante el primer año de vida y predominó en el sexo masculino (66,6%. El 50% asistió a consulta por infección del tracto urinario y todos los pacientes presentaron alteraciones en el ultrasonido y la gammagrafía. Estos resultados permiten conocer el comportamiento de las malformaciones renales y tomar una conducta adecuada para mejorar la calidad de vida en estos pacientes

Funções cognitivas na hidrocefalia congênita associada à mielomeningocele lombar na criança

OpenAIRE

de Siqueira Guerra, Aurilene

2006-01-01

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar aspectos cognitivos de crianças com hidrocefalia congênita (HC) associada com mielomeningocele. Foram avaliadas 42 crianças com HC e 42 crianças saudáveis. Todos os sujeitos foram submetidos a uma avaliação neuropsicológica com o teste da figura complexa de Rey, para avaliar a memória visual, e as escalas de inteligência para crianças de Weschsler, para avaliar os índices de processamento da memória, e os quocientes intelectuais (QI). As cria...

Patterns and risk factors of inconsistent condom use among men who have sex with men in Viet Nam: Results from an Internet-based cross-sectional survey.

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García, Macarena C; Duong, Quyen L; Mercer, Licelot C Eralte; Meyer, Samantha B; Koppenhaver, Todd; Ward, Paul R

2014-01-01

Survey data from men who have sex with men (MSM) in Asian cities indicate drastic increases in HIV prevalence. It is unknown which factors are most important in driving these epidemics. The objective of this study was to identify patterns of condom use among MSM Internet users living in Viet Nam, as well as risk factors associated with inconsistent condom use and non-condom use. A national Internet-based survey of sexual behaviours was administered in 2011. Results showed that 44.9% of MSM reported not using a condom during their last anal sex encounter with a male partner. MSM were less likely to report condom use during anal sex with long-term partners than with casual partners. Twenty-three and a half per cent of MSM surveyed had ever taken an HIV test and received the results. Study findings highlight the urgent need for targeted strategies focused on increasing the rate of consistent condom use during anal sex with male partners among MSM in Viet Nam.

Brief behavioural surveys in routine HIV sentinel surveillance: a new tool for monitoring the HIV epidemic in Viet Nam

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Duong Cong Thanh

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In this report we describe a new approach in HIV sentinel surveillance that was piloted in Viet Nam in 2009 and is currently being rolled out in all provinces. It comprises a brief behavioural questionnaire added to the HIV sentinel surveillance surveys conducted routinely among people who inject drugs, female sex workers and men who have sex with men. Timely reporting of data from this system has resulted in improvements to HIV prevention efforts for most at-risk populations.

Hernia diagfragmática congénita derecha en el Hospital Universitario de Santander Right congenital diaphragmatic hernia at the Hospital Universitario de Santander

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Julio César Mantilla

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Introducción: La hernia diafragmática del lado derecho es una variable poco frecuente de los defectos congénitos diafragmáticos que permiten el paso del contenido abdominal a la cavidad torácica, causando graves trastornos en el desarrollo pulmonar fetal. Objetivo: Describir las características patológicas encontradas en la autopsia perinatal de un paciente con Hernia diafragmática congénita derecha en el Hospital Universitario de Santander. Caso clínico: Neonato de 35 semanas de gestación con diagnóstico prenatal de Hernia Diafragmática Congénita, quien fallece minutos después de su nacimiento debido a insuficiencia respiratoria aguda. En los hallazgos de autopsia se encuentra ausencia de la mayor parte del hemidiafragma derecho, herniación del contenido abdominal al tórax y una severa hipoplasia pulmonar. Conclusion: La Hernia diafragmática congénita del lado derecho se asocia con alta mortalidad neonatal y los hallazgos encontrados en el presente caso se correlacionan con los graves defectos estructurales pulmonares que se describen en otros casos reportados en la literatura. Salud UIS 2010; 42: 133-138Introduction: The congenital diaphragmatic hernia of the right side is the least common type of the congenital diaphragmatic defects which allows the passage of abdominal contents to the thoracic cavity, causing serious disorders on lung development. Objective: To describe the pathological features found in perinatal autopsy of a patient with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia of the right side at the Hospital Universitario de Santander. Case report: 35 weeks gestation neonate with prenatal diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, who died due to acute respiratory failure. In the autopsy be found a severe pulmonary hypoplasia and in the microscopic examination, the pulmonary alveoli collapsed. Conclusion: The congenital diaphragmatic hernia of the right side is associated with high neonatal mortality and the findings in

Neurolues congênita associada a hidrocefalia Congenital neurosyphilis associated with hydrocephalus

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Julinho Aisen

1970-09-01

Full Text Available É apresentado um caso de neurolues congênita (meningovascular e parenquimatosa associada a hidrocefalia do tipo bloqueado. A natureza luética da afecção foi confirmada por exames paraclínicos e histopatológico. O registro do caso se justifica pelo fato da não existência na literatura compulsada de outro semelhante comprovado histopatològicamente. A hidrocefalia ocorreu em conseqüência do bloqueio do sistema ventricular pelo processo inflamatório de natureza crônica.A case of meningovascular and parenchymatous neurosyphilis associated with a non-communicating hydrocephalus is reported. The syphilitic nature of the disease was confirmed by laboratory and histopathological findings. The authors were unable to find in the medical literature other reports of histologically documented cases of hydrocephalus secondary to a block of the ventricular system determined by neurosyphilis.

Iodine status in late pregnancy and psychosocial determinants of iodized salt use in rural northern Viet Nam

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Tran, Thach; Biggs, Beverley; Tran, Tuan; Dwyer, Terry; Casey, Gerard; Tho, Dang Hai; Hetzel, Basil

2011-01-01

Abstract Objective To establish iodine status among pregnant women in rural northern Viet Nam and explore psychosocial predictors of the use of iodized salt in their households. Methods This prospective study included pregnant women registered in health stations in randomly-selected communes in Ha Nam province. At recruitment ( 28 weeks of gestation) a urine specimen was collected to measure urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and iodized salt use was assessed. Predictors were explored through univariable analyses and multivariable linear and logistic regression. Findings The 413 pregnant women who provided data for this study had a median UIC of 70 µg/l; nearly 83% had a UIC lower than the 150 µg/l recommended by the World Health Organization; only 73.6% reported using iodized salt in any form in their households. Iodized salt use was lower among nulliparous women (odds ratio, OR: 0.56; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.32–0.96); less educated women (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16–0.71); factory workers or small-scale traders (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.31–0.86), government workers (OR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.13–0.89) and women with common mental disorders at recruitment (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38–0.98). Conclusion The decline in the use of iodized salt in Viet Nam since the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme was suspended in 2005 has placed pregnant women and their infants in rural areas at risk of iodine deficiency disorders. PMID:22084527

Enterovirus serotypes in patients with central nervous system and respiratory infections in Viet Nam 1997-2010.

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B'Krong, Nguyen Thi Thuy Chinh; Minh, Ngo Ngoc Quang; Qui, Phan Tu; Chau, Tran Thi Hong; Nghia, Ho Dang Trung; Do, Lien Anh Ha; Nhung, Nguyen Ngoc; Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen; Thwaites, Guy; Van Tan, Le; van Doorn, H Rogier; Thanh, Tran Tan

2018-04-12

Enteroviruses are the most common causative agents of human illness. Enteroviruses have been associated with regional and global epidemics, recently, including with severe disease (Enterovirus A71 and D68), and are of interest as emerging viruses. Here, we typed Enterovirus A-D (EV) from central nervous system (CNS) and respiratory infections in Viet Nam. Data and specimens from prospective observational clinical studies conducted between 1997 and 2010 were used. Species and serotypes were determined using type-specific RT-PCR and viral protein 1 or 4 (VP1, VP4) sequencing. Samples from patients with CNS infection (51 children - 10 CSF and 41 respiratory/rectal swabs) and 28 adults (28 CSF) and respiratory infection (124 children - 124 respiratory swabs) were analysed. Twenty-six different serotypes of the four Enterovirus species (A-D) were identified, including EV-A71 and EV-D68. Enterovirus B was associated with viral meningitis in children and adults. Hand, foot and mouth disease associated Enteroviruses A (EV-A71 and Coxsackievirus [CV] A10) were detected in children with encephalitis. Diverse serotypes of all four Enterovirus species were found in respiratory samples, including 2 polio-vaccine viruses, but also 8 CV-A24 and 8 EV-D68. With the exception of EV-D68, the relevance of these viruses in respiratory infection remains unknown. We describe the diverse spectrum of enteroviruses from patients with CNS and respiratory infections in Viet Nam between 1997 and 2010. These data confirm the global circulation of Enterovirus genera and their associations and are important for clinical diagnostics, patient management, and outbreak response.

Anoftalmia clínica bilateral associada à hidrocefalia congênita em cão Bilateral clinical anophthalmia associated with congenital hydrocephalus in the dog

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Mariana Isa Poci Palumbo

2011-07-01

Full Text Available A ausência completa do bulbo ocular é muito rara em cães e gatos, enquanto a hidrocefalia é comumente observada como distúrbio congênito em cães de raças miniatura ou braquicefálicas, com menos de um ano de idade. O presente trabalho relata a ocorrência de anoftalmia clínica bilateral associada à hidrocefalia congênita em um cão da raça poodle, sendo este o primeiro relato de caso da associação dessas alterações no Brasil.The complete absence of the eyeball is rare in dogs and cats, and hydrocephalus is commonly seen as a congenital disorder in toy or brachycephalic dogs before one year old. This paper describes for the first time in Brazil the occurrence of bilateral clinical anophthalmia associated to congenital hydrocephalus in a dog.

Evento com aparente risco de morte recorrente como manifestação inicial de síndrome miastênica congênita Evento con aparente riesgo de muerte recurrente como manifestación inicial de síndrome miasténico congénito Recurrent apparent life-threatening event as the first manifestation of congenital myasthenia

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Mariana Tresoldi das N. Romaneli

2013-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Alertar os pediatras sobre a necessidade de investigar criteriosamente a etiologia de eventos com aparente risco de morte recorrente. Não foram encontrados relatos associando tais eventos à miastenia congênita. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Lactente de sete meses apresentando história de eventos com aparente risco de morte recorrente foi internado para investigação. Durante a internação, apresentou cianose e dispneia progressiva, com necessidade de ventilação mecânica por três dias. Após a melhora clínica, e tendo sido descartadas as hipóteses de doença do refluxo gastroesofágico e aspiração pulmonar como desencadeantes, notou-se ptose palpebral bilateral, hipotonia apendicular e choro fraco, que conduziram à suspeita clínica de miastenia congênita. Após confirmação do diagnóstico, foi mantido tratamento ambulatorial com piridostigmina, com recuperação nutricional e neurológica, sem novos eventos com aparente risco de morte nos três anos seguintes. COMENTÁRIOS: A investigação minuciosa das causas de eventos com aparente risco de morte pode levar a diagnósticos menos frequentes que exigem tratamento específico, como a miastenia congênita.OBJETIVO: Alertar a los pediatras sobre la necesidad de investigar criteriosamente la etiología de eventos con aparente riesgo de muerte recurrente. No se encontraron relatos asociando tales eventos a la miastenia congénita. DESCRIPCIÓN DEL CASO: Lactante de siete meses presentando historia de eventos con aparente riesgo de muerte recurrente fue internado para investigación. Durante la internación, presentó cianosis y disnea progresiva, con necesidad de ventilación mecánica por tres días. Después de la mejora clínica, y habiendo sido rechazadas las hipótesis de enfermedad del reflujo gastroesofágico y aspiración pulmonar como desencadenantes, se notó ptosis palpebral bilateral, hipotonía apendicular y lloro débil, que condujeron a la sospecha clínica de

Entrópio congênito primário da pálpebra superior

OpenAIRE

Bernardes,Taliana Freitas; Soares,Ícaro Perez; França,Valenio Perez; Soares,Eduardo Jorge Carneiro

2009-01-01

O entrópio congênito primário da pálpebra superior é mais raro que o da pálpebra inferior. O diagnóstico no neonato, apesar de ser difícil, é imprescindível. O seu reconhecimento precoce exige a correção cirúrgica imediata, pois essa é uma condição que não melhora espontaneamente, podendo levar a úlceras de córnea com nefastas conseqüências para a visão. Várias técnicas cirúrgicas têm sido descritas para correção da deformidade. Na análise e comparação dos dados do pré, per e pós-operatório d...

Parent-youth communication and concordance between parents and adolescents on reported engagement in social relationships and sexually intimate behaviors in Ha Noi and Khanh Hoa Province, Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

Kaljee, Linda M.; Green, Mackenzie; Lerdboon, Porntip; Riel, Rosemary; Pham, Van; Tho, Le Huu; Ha, Nguyen T; Minh, Truong Tan; Li, Xiaoming; Chen, Xinguang; Stanton, Bonita

2010-01-01

Purpose Parent-child communication is associated with positive outcomes for youths’ engagement in sexual behaviors. Limited data are available regarding parent-child communication in transitional countries. We present data from Vietnamese parent-youth dyads on parent reproductive health knowledge, comfort of communication, frequency of talk, and discordancy between youths’ reported and parents’ perceptions for engagement in relationships and sexually intimate behaviors. Methods 185 randomly selected parent-youth dyads in four communes in Ha Noi and Khanh Hoa Province. Descriptive and comparative analysis included chi-square tests, independent samples t-tests, and ANOVA. Linear regression analysis was utilized to assess relationships between parental knowledge, level of comfort, frequency of talk, and discordancy. Results Seventy-six percent of parents and 44% of youth were female. Youth mean age was 17.2 years. For parental “reproductive health knowledge” mean score was 24.74 (SD 3.84: range 15–34). Lower parental reproductive health knowledge was positively associated with lower levels of education [F=2.983, df 184: p=0.014]. Data indicate a linear model in which knowledge is related to “comfort” (β =0.17; p=0.048) and “comfort” to frequency of “talk” (β =0.6; psexual touching (β =0.57; p=0.60). Conclusions Parent and youth in Viet Nam are engaged in limited communication about reproductive health. There is need for more data to assess the impact of these communication patterns on youths’ engagement in sexual behaviors and for development of family-centered interventions to increase parental knowledge and skills for positive communication. PMID:21338898

Distrofa miotónica congénita en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales: serie de casos

OpenAIRE

Domingues, Sara; Alves Pereira, Clara; Machado, Ángela; Pereira, Sandra; Machado, Leonilde; Fraga, Carla; Oliveira, Abílio; Vale, Isabel; Quelhas, Ilídio

2014-01-01

La distrofia miotónica de Steinert es una enfermedad multisistémica, autosómica dominante, con un amplio espectro de gravedad y manifestaciones clínicas. La forma más grave es aquella que se manifesta en el periodo neonatal, llamada distrofa miotónica congénita. Se destaca la hipotonía global al nacer y el compromiso de la función respiratoria. Las complicaciones son frecuentes, principalmente, retraso del desarrollo psicomotor, del crecimiento pondoestatural, difcultades alimentarias y const...

Using exceedance probabilities to detect anomalies in routinely recorded animal health data, with particular reference to foot-and-mouth disease in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Richards, K K; Hazelton, M L; Stevenson, M A; Lockhart, C Y; Pinto, J; Nguyen, L

2014-10-01

The widespread availability of computer hardware and software for recording and storing disease event information means that, in theory, we have the necessary information to carry out detailed analyses of factors influencing the spatial distribution of disease in animal populations. However, the reliability of such analyses depends on data quality, with anomalous records having the potential to introduce significant bias and lead to inappropriate decision making. In this paper we promote the use of exceedance probabilities as a tool for detecting anomalies when applying hierarchical spatio-temporal models to animal health data. We illustrate this methodology through a case study data on outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Viet Nam for the period 2006-2008. A flexible binomial logistic regression was employed to model the number of FMD infected communes within each province of the country. Standard analyses of the residuals from this model failed to identify problems, but exceedance probabilities identified provinces in which the number of reported FMD outbreaks was unexpectedly low. This finding is interesting given that these provinces are on major cattle movement pathways through Viet Nam. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

¿Es necesario disponer de ECMO para reparar cardiopatías congénitas de complejidad elevada? Nuestra experiencia en los últimos 6 años

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Raúl Sánchez Pérez

2017-01-01

Conclusiones: Creemos que actualmente es necesario disponer de la ECMO en el postoperatorio de los pacientes intervenidos de cardiopatías congénitas, dado que parece asociarse a un beneficio en términos de supervivencia.

Sífilis congênita: evento sentinela da qualidade da assistência pré-natal

OpenAIRE

Domingues, Rosa Maria Soares Madeira; Saracen, Valeria; Hartz, Zulmira Maria De Araújo; Leal, Maria Do Carmo

2013-01-01

OBJETIVO: Analisar a assistência pré-natal na prevenção da transmissão vertical da sífilis. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal representativo para as gestantes de baixo risco atendidas em unidades de saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, período de 2007 a 2008. A identificação de gestantes com diagnóstico de sífilis na gestação foi feita por meio de entrevistas, verificação do cartão de pré-natal e busca de casos notificados em sistemas públicos de informação em saúde. Os casos de sífilis congên...

Adequacy of anti-tuberculosis drug prescriptions in Viet Nam.

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Hoa, N B; Lauritsen, J M; Rieder, H L

2012-03-21

National Tuberculosis Program, Viet Nam, 2008. To determine drug prescription adherence to national guidelines, to examine factors associated with an erroneous dosage of rifampin (RMP) and to evaluate the impact of an insufficient RMP dosage on treatment outcome. A representative sample of 30 treatment units was randomly selected. All patient treatment cards enrolled in these units were obtained, and data were double-entered and validated before calculating the adequacy of the individual drug prescriptions. Of 3412 tuberculosis treatment cards, 3225 (94.5%) had information on treatment regimen and the patient's weight. Treatment was successful in 89.4%. Prescriptions of tablets/vials conforming to recommendations were found for respectively 91.2%, 89.9%, 92.3% and 94.6% of the patients for RMP/isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and streptomycin. Patients in the 25-39 kg weight bracket received insufficient dosages. This was almost entirely attributable to patients at the end of the weight bracket. Nevertheless, no significant association was found between treatment failure and death, body weight and insufficient RMP dosage. Adherence to national recommendations was high. RMP was given in insufficient dosage for patients at the end of a weight range bracket, but the under-dosage was small and did not measurably affect treatment outcome.

Common perinatal mental disorders in northern Viet Nam: community prevalence and health care use

Science.gov (United States)

Tran, Thach; La, Buoi thi; Kriitmaa, Kelsi; Rosenthal, Doreen; Tran, Tuan

2010-01-01

Abstract Objective To establish the prevalence of common perinatal mental disorders their determinants, and their association with preventive health care use among women in one rural and one urban province in northern Viet Nam. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of cohorts of pregnant women and mothers of infants recruited systematically in 10 randomly-selected communes. The women participated in psychiatrist-administered structured clinical interviews and separate structured interviews to assess sociodemographic factors, reproductive health, the intimate partner relationship, family violence and the use of preventive and psychiatric health care. Associations between these variables and perinatal mental disorders were explored through univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression. Findings Among women eligible for the study (392), 364 (93%) were recruited. Of these, 29.9% (95% confidence interval, CI: 25.20–34.70) were diagnosed with a common perinatal mental disorder (CPMD). The frequency of such disorders during pregnancy and in the postpartum period was the same. Their prevalence was higher among women in rural provinces (odds ratio, OR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.19–3.93); exposed to intimate partner violence (OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.12–3.96); fearful of other family members (OR: 3.36; 95% CI: 1.05–10.71) or exposed to coincidental life adversity (OR: 4.40; 95% CI: 2.44–7.93). Fewer women with a CPMD used iron supplements than women without a CPMD, but the results were not statistically significant (P = 0.05). None of the women studied had ever received mental health care. Conclusion Perinatal depression and anxiety are prevalent in women in northern Viet Nam. These conditions are predominantly determined by social factors, including rural residence, poverty and exposure to family violence. At present the needs of women with common perinatal mental disorders are unrecognized and not attended to and their participation in essential

Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de sífilis congênita em um município de médio porte no nordeste brasileiro

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Valdênia Cordeiro Lima

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A sífilis congênita é ocasionada pela transmissão vertical da bactéria, Treponema pallidum, ou seja, da gestante para o concepto por via transplacentária. É considerada como sendo um sério problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de sífilis congênita no município de Sobral, Ceará. Metodologia: Levantamento epidemiológico, descritivo utilizando dados secundários com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados a partir das notificações do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, referentes ao período de 2008 a 2013. Foram analisadas variáveis sociodemográficas das gestantes, acompanhamento da gestação e relacionadas ao recém-nascido. Resultados: Foram diagnosticados e notificados 119 casos de sífilis congênita, sendo possível observar que a partir do ano de 2010 o número de casos aumentou substancialmente, passando de 9 casos para 45 em 2013. A incidência anual variou de 1,8 casos/1000 nascidos vivos, em 2008, a 13,8 casos/1000 nascidos vivos, em 2013. Quanto às características da assistência pré-natal, 115 gestantes realizaram pré-natal (96,6% e 74 (62,1% mulheres tiveram o diagnóstico da sífilis na gestação, sendo que apenas oito (6,7% tiveram o tratamento de forma adequada. Conclusão: O perfil da sífilis congênita do município estudado aponta para uma aceleração da incidência de casos no período analisado, embora dados mais recentes de 2015 apresentem redução significativa da notificação. A ocorrência dos casos da SC está amplamente relacionada com falhas no tratamento das gestantes infectadas, carecendo de preenchimento de lacunas no pré-natal que reforçam estratégias de prevenção dos casos.

Correção simultânea de defeito congênito intracardíaco e pectus excavatum Simultaneous repair of congenital heart defect and pectus excavatum

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João Roberto Breda

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Relatamos tratamento simultâneo de pectus excavatum e defeito congênito intracardíaco representado por comunicação interatrial ostium secundum. Paciente do sexo masculino, 8 anos de idade, com diagnóstico clínico e ecocardiográfico de comunicação interatrial, associada à deformidade da parede torácica tipo pectus excavatum. Foi encaminhado para operação com correção simultânea do defeito congênito intracardíaco associado ao reparo do pectus. O tratamento operatório simultâneo do pectus excavatum e defeitos congênitos intracardíacos torna difícil o acesso ao coração. Foi feita a correção simultânea dessas alterações, com satisfatório resultado, sobretudo estético, para o paciente.The author describes the simultaneous treatment of pectus excavatum and congenital intracardiac defect (atrial septal defect represented by the interatrial foramen secundum. An 8-year-old boy, with clinical and echocardiography diagnosis of atrial septal defect associated with pectus excavatum was referred to a simultaneous surgical treatment of both abnormalities. The simultaneous surgical treatment of both pectus excavatum and congenital intracardiac defects make it difficult to access the heart. In this case, the simultaneous surgical treatment of atrial septal defect and pectus excavatum was a valuable alternative to surgical repair of both abnormalities, mainly due to its cosmetic outcome.

La syphilis congénitale révélée par une fracture spontanée | Idrissi ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Alors qu'elle est actuellement oubliée dans les pays développés, la syphilis congénitale se voit encore chez nous faute du dépistage anténatal. Ses formes cliniques sont polymorphes et orientent à tord vers d'autres pathologies surtout en période néonatale. Le diagnostic n'est donc pas toujours facile. La révélation d'une ...

Frecuencia de anomalías congénitas en el Instituto Materno Infantil de Bogotá.

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Herbert García

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Se analizaron 5.686 nacimientos (5.597 vivos y 89 muertos correspondientes a dos series realizadas entre los meses de octubre de 1997 y abril de 1998 y de julio a noviembre de 2000 (12 meses en el Instituto Materno Infantil de Bogotá. Se detectaron anomalías congénitas en 4,4% de los recién nacidos vivos y en 7,8% de los mortinatos. Las anomalías mayores constituyen el 69% de todas las anomalías y se encuentran en 3% de los recién nacidos vivos. Las anomalías moderadas son el 31% de todas las anomalías y se detectaron en 1,4% de los recién nacidos vivos. Los recién nacidos con anomalías mayores, en comparación con los controles, registran una mayor mortalidad al momento del alta hospitalaria (p=0,0001, menor peso promedio al nacer (p=0,003 y antecedentes de anomalía en la familia (p=0,0001. Las anomalías moderadas están asociadas únicamente con antecedentes de anomalías familiares (p=0,0001. Las anomalías congénitas muestran una frecuencia en nuestro medio semejante a las de otros estudios del país y del exterior, aunque, individualmente, algunas anomalías muestran variaciones significativas en sus frecuencias que pueden deberse a sobre o subregistros o a diferencias metodológicas en su detección.

Estudio del significado de las malformaciones congénitas y sus implicaciones en los programas de salud

OpenAIRE

Struck, Adelaida; Struck Vidal -Aguilera, Mony  de Lourdes; Chávez, Yohanna; Fernández, Francisco J

2008-01-01

En el siguiente artículo se realiza un estudio acerca del significado de las malformaciones congénitas y sus implicaciones en los programas de prevención para la población venezolana. Se hace uso de metodologías cualitativas y cuantitativas, utilizando como técnica para la recolección de los datos, el cuestionario. Su aplicación se lleva a cabo en dos centros maternos, Maternidad Concepción Palacios y Centro Materno Leopoldo Aguerrevere en Caracas-Venezuela. Se analizan como variables: el con...

Prevalence of resistance to second-line tuberculosis drug among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Viet Nam, 2011.

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Hoa Binh; Nguyen, Nhung Viet; Tran, Huong Thi Giang; Nguyen, Hai Viet; Bui, Quyen Thi Tu

2016-01-01

Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) represents an emerging public health problem worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 9.7% of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) cases are defined as XDR-TB globally. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of drug resistance to second-line TB drugs among MDR-TB cases detected in the Fourth National Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Survey in Viet Nam. Eighty clusters of TB cases were selected using a probability-proportion-to-size approach. To identify MDR-TB cases, drug susceptibility testing (DST) was performed for the four major first-line TB drugs. DST of second-line drugs (ofloxacin, amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin) was performed on isolates from MDR-TB cases to identify pre-XDR and XDR cases. A total of 1629 smear-positive TB cases were eligible for culture and DST. Of those, DST results for first-line drugs were available for 1312 cases, and 91 (6.9%) had MDR-TB. Second-line DST results were available for 84 of these cases. Of those, 15 cases (17.9%) had ofloxacin resistance and 6.0% were resistant to kanamycin and capreomycin. Five MDR-TB cases (6.0%) met the criteria of XDR-TB. This survey provides the first estimates of the proportion of XDR-TB among MDR-TB cases in Viet Nam and provides important information for local policies regarding second-line DST. Local policies and programmes that are geared towards TB prevention, early diagnosis and treatment with effective regimens are of high importance.

Protocol Additional to the Agreement between the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-01-01

The text of the Protocol Additional to the Agreement between the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is reproduced in this document for the information of all Members. The Board of Governors approved the Additional Protocol on 6 March 2007. It was signed on 10 August 2007 in Vienna, Austria. Pursuant to Article 17 of the Additional Protocol, the Protocol entered into force on 17 September 2012, the date on which the Agency received from the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam written notification that Vietnam's statutory and constitutional requirements for entry into force had been met [fr

Protocol Additional to the Agreement between the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-01-01

The text of the Protocol Additional to the Agreement between the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is reproduced in this document for the information of all Members. The Board of Governors approved the Additional Protocol on 6 March 2007. It was signed on 10 August 2007 in Vienna, Austria. Pursuant to Article 17 of the Additional Protocol, the Protocol entered into force on 17 September 2012, the date on which the Agency received from the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam written notification that Vietnam's statutory and constitutional requirements for entry into force had been met [es

Protocol Additional to the Agreement between the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-01-01

The text of the Protocol Additional to the Agreement between the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is reproduced in this document for the information of all Members. The Board of Governors approved the Additional Protocol on 6 March 2007. It was signed on 10 August 2007 in Vienna, Austria. Pursuant to Article 17 of the Additional Protocol, the Protocol entered into force on 17 September 2012, the date on which the Agency received from the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam written notification that Vietnam's statutory and constitutional requirements for entry into force had been met

Estimation of the regional distribution of congenital toxoplasmosis in Brazil from the results of neonatal screening = Estimativa da distribuição regional da toxoplasmose congênita no Brasil a partir dos resultados de triagem neonatal

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Camargo Neto, Eurico

2010-01-01

Conclusões: a triagem neonatal em larga escala é uma ferramenta importante para a determinação da prevalência da toxoplasmose congênita. A alta prevalência dessa infecção no Brasil e a ampla variabilidade de sua epidemiologia entre os estados confirmam a necessidade de políticas de saúde e educação voltadas à prevenção e ao controle da toxoplasmose congênita em todo o país, respeitando as peculiaridades de cada estado

Aneurisma congénito de la orejuela izquierda. Caso clínico

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Johanna T. Otero

2008-04-01

Full Text Available El aneurisma auricular congénito es una enfermedad muy rara y su localización más frecuente es la orejuela de la aurícula izquierda con 51 casos comunicados en la literatura. La mayoría son asintomáticos, por lo que su diagnóstico es por hallazgo en técnicas de imagen. Presentamos el caso de un lactante de 4 meses, de género masculino, portador de un síndrome de Treacher-Collins o disostosis mandibulofacial y síndrome bronquial obstructivo cuyo estudio de técnicas de imagen diagnostica un aneurisma de la orejuela izquierda.Se realiza resección quirúrgica del aneurisma bajo circulación extracorpórea sin incidentes. En el seguimiento a 12 meses el paciente se encuentra asintomático y sin videncia ecocardiográfica de recurrencia.

Malformaciones Cerebrales Congénitas. Pronóstico Inesperado

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Tomás Omar Zamora Bastidas

2013-09-01

Full Text Available La Hemihidranencefalia es una enfermedad congénita cerebral grave y relativamente rara caracterizada por la ausencia unilateral completa o casi total de la corteza cerebral dentro de un cráneo normal con preservación de estructuras como las meninges, ganglios basales, cerebelo, protuberancia, bulbo raquídeo y la hoz cerebral. Los hemisferios cerebrales inicialmente toman la forma normal y luego se plantea que más tarde se da una destrucción cortical por un grave proceso encefaloclástico, en particular por una lesión focal hipóxico-isquémica, lo cual lleva a que el lugar que ocupaba el tejido destruido sea sustituido en gran parte por espacios llenos de líquido cefalorraquídeo que se asemeja a un gran quiste intracraneal. Se presentan dos casos clínicos, el primero con una hemihidranancefalia derecha con un pronóstico desfavorable desde el momento del diagnóstico, no obstante actualmente ha alcanzado un desarrollo cognitivo que rebasa las expectativas para su condición; El segundo caso es un paciente con hidranencefalia global, éste no alcanzó un desarrollo cognitivo aceptable, pero contradijo el pronóstico y tiempo de vida acorde con su grave malformación.

The harmony of family and the silence of women: sexual attitudes and practices among rural married women in northern Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Ha, Vu Song

2008-06-01

Women in Viet Nam have long had to face various sexual and reproductive health problems, ranging from abortion to reproductive tract infections (RTIs) and sexual coercion. These issues have increasingly been addressed by scholars in the fields of public health and social sciences through sexual and reproductive health research and in other ways. Despite this, there remains a lack of in-depth information on attitudes and practices regarding sex and sexuality of Vietnamese women today. This paper in part responds to the knowledge gap by reporting on findings from qualitative research on sexual attitudes and practices among rural married women in a Northern rural community, measured against the broader social and cultural context. Twenty-five women in total were interviewed; and two focus group discussions were conducted. The findings show that women generally believe that men are (or should be) the initiators in sexual relations. Many women feel reluctant to refuse sex to their husbands or communicate openly about sex and sexuality. However, this paper also demonstrates that women are not totally passive in sexual relations. Women in this study used a range of strategies to negotiate their sexual life, and sometimes 'silence' is used as a form of agency in order to maintain harmony and happiness within the family.

The context of HIV risk behaviours among HIV-positive injection drug users in Viet Nam: Moving toward effective harm reduction

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Thanh Duong

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Injection drug users represent the largest proportion of all HIV reported cases in Viet Nam. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of risk and risk behaviours among HIV-positive injection drug users, and their experiences related to safe injection and safe sex practices. Methods This study used multiple qualitative methods in data collection including in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation with HIV-positive injection drug users. Results The informants described a change in the sharing practices among injection drug users towards more precautions and what was considered 'low risk sharing', like sharing among seroconcordant partners and borrowing rather than lending. However risky practices like re-use of injection equipment and 'syringe pulling' i.e. the use of left-over drugs in particular, were frequently described and observed. Needle and syringe distribution programmes were in place but carrying needles and syringes and particularly drugs could result in being arrested and fined. Fear of rejection and of loss of intimacy made disclosure difficult and was perceived as a major obstacle for condom use among recently diagnosed HIV infected individuals. Conclusion HIV-positive injection drug users continue to practice HIV risk behaviours. The anti-drug law and the police crack-down policy appeared as critical factors hampering ongoing prevention efforts with needle and syringe distribution programmes in Viet Nam. Drastic policy measures are needed to reduce the very high HIV prevalence among injection drug users.

Revision of the status of some genus-level water mite taxa in the families Pionidae Thor, 1900, Aturidae Thor, 1900, and Nudomideopsidae Smith, 1990 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae).

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Ian M; Cook, David R; Gerecke, Reinhard

2015-02-16

A number of changes to the status of genus group names in water mites are proposed to foster a more consistent and phylogenetically defensible approach to the ranking of taxa at this level of the classification. The water mite taxa Acercopsis Viets, 1926 (Pionidae: Tiphyinae), Madawaska Habeeb, 1954 (Pionidae: Foreliinae), Brachypodopsis Piersig, 1903, Cubanaxonopsis Orghidan & Gruia, 1981, Hexaxonopsis Viets, 1926, Paraxonopsis Motaş & Tanasachi, 1947, Vicinaxonopsis Cook, 1974, Parabrachypoda Viets, 1929, and Ocybrachypoda Cook, 1974 (Aturidae: Axonopsinae), Ameribrachypoda Smith, 1991 (Aturidae: Aturinae), and Allomideopsis Smith, 1990 (Nudomideopsidae) are elevated in rank from subgenera to full genera to reflect current knowledge of their species diversity, morphological distinctness, relationships and apparent age. In light of the above changes in the subfamily Axonopsinae, the subgenera Kalobrachypoda Viets, 1929 and Navinaxonopsis Cook, 1967 are transferred from the genus Axonopsis to the genus Brachypodopsis, the subgenus Plesiobrachypoda Viets, 1942 is transferred from the genus Axonopsis to the genus Hexaxonopsis, and the species formerly placed in the subgenus Hemibrachypoda Viets, 1937 are transferred from the genus Brachypoda to the genus Parabrachypoda Viets, 1929, and Hemibrachypoda is placed in synonymy with Parabrachypoda. The family group taxa to which all of these genera belong are reviewed to provide context for the proposed changes.

Maternal and congenital syphilis in rural Haiti Sífilis materna y congénita en zonas rurales de Haití

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Chaylah J. Lomotey

2009-09-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: A study was conducted to assess the prevalence of maternal syphilis and estimate the rate of congenital syphilis in five rural villages surrounding Jeremie, Haiti. METHODS: This research was a retrospective observational study. Data were extracted from the Haitian Health Foundation's public health database and verified through original clinical paper records, death certificates, midwife reports, and discussions with community health workers. Data were analyzed by chi-square analysis, bivariate correlations, and two-tailed t-test for independent samples. RESULTS: Of the 410 women tested for syphilis, 31 (7.6% were sero-reactive. Average gestation at time of testing was 25 weeks, which correlated with entry into prenatal care at an average of 23 weeks. Women who tested positive during pregnancy were more likely to have had a negative pregnancy outcome than those who did not (chi square = 16.4; P OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la prevalencia de sífilis materna y estimar la tasa de sífilis congénita en cinco poblaciones rurales cercanas a Jeremie, Haití. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional retrospectivo a partir de datos extraídos de la base de datos de salud pública de la Fundación Haitiana de Salud y verificada con los registros clínicos originales en papel, los certificados de defunción, los informes de las parteras y discusiones con los trabajadores comunitarios de salud. Los datos se analizaron mediante la prueba de la ji al cuadrado, correlaciones bifactoriales y la prueba de la t de dos colas para muestras independientes. RESULTADOS: De las 410 mujeres sometidas a la prueba de sífilis, 31 (7,6% resultaron seropositivas. La edad gestacional promedio al momento de la prueba fue de 25 semanas, lo que se correlacionó con la edad gestacional de entrada a la atención prenatal (23 semanas. Las mujeres que resultaron seropositivas durante el embarazo presentaron mayor probabilidad de tener un desenlace negativo de su embarazo que las mujeres

Sirenomelia associada a defeitos congênitos raros: relato de três casos Sirenomelia associated with rare congenital defects: report of three cases

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Maria Angélica F. D. Lima

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Sirenomelia é um defeito congênito muito raro do campo primário do desenvolvimento, definido pela substituição dos membros inferiores, normalmente pareados por um único membro mediano. Geralmente, associa-se a graus variados de anomalias gênito-urinárias. Relatamos três casos necropsiados dessa entidade, incluindo estudo radiológico do membro inferior único, associados a agenesia renal bilateral, de ureteres e da bexiga, atresia retal, ânus imperfurado, testículos abdominais e ausência de genitália externa, além de outros defeitos congênitos infrequentemente observados, que somente puderam ter seus diagnósticos firmados por meio da necropsia.Sirenomelia, an extremely rare congenital defect, is defined as a limb abnormality in which the normally paired lower limbs are replaced by a single midline limb. It is commonly associated with varied genitourinary anomalies. We report three cases of sirenomelia including x-ray documentation of the lower limb. Other associated aspects, whose diagnoses were established exclusively through autopsy, included bilateral renal, ureteral and bladder agenesis, rectal atresia, imperforate anus, intra-abdominal testis, absence of external genitalia and other rare congenital abnormalities.

Comprometimento do desenvolvimento pondo-estatural em crianças portadoras de cardiopatias congênitas com Shunt Cianogênico - doi:10.5020/18061230.2008.p98

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Denise Gonçalves Moura Pinheiro

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Identificar alterações no desenvolvimento pondo-estatural de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas cianóticas (CCCs. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal e de caráter descritivo. Estudaram-se 30 crianças com CCCs, de faixa etária entre zero e oito anos. Analisaram-se as variáveis prevalência de acometimento por sexo, tipo de malformação congênita e índices antropométricos (Peso/Idade, Altura/Idade e Peso/Altura os quais foram comparados com valores padronizados e propostos para a idade de acordo com a tabela de desenvolvimento pondo-estatural (DPE normal do National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS. Resultados: Houve um maior acometimento do gênero masculino sendo que as CCCs mais incidentes foram a Tetralogia de Fallot e a Dupla Transposição de Grandes Vasos da Base. Dentre as crianças com CCCs, 90% apresentavam um menor índice Peso/ Idade, 83% apresentavam um menor índice Altura/Idade e 97% tinham um menor índice de DPE (Peso/Altura. Conclusões: Crianças com CCCs apresentam uma alta prevalência de hipodesenvolvimento ponderal, déficit de crescimento linear e hipodesenvolvimento pondoestatural comparado à padrões de referência do NCHS. A assistência nutricional e o incentivo à prática de atividade física teriam um papel importante na reabilitação física após a correção cirúrgica da malformação congênita em crianças com CCCs.

Taquicardia ectópica congénita de la unión: Tratamiento farmacológico en el primer año de vida

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Mónica N. Benjamín

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La forma congénita de la taquicardia ectópica de la unión (TEU es una arritmia poco frecuente que suele presentar dificultades en su manejo farmacológico, con altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue informar la experiencia en el seguimiento y el tratamiento de esta forma de taquicardia supraventricular en pacientes menores de un año. Se identificaron siete pacientes con TEU congénita en 28 meses de seguimiento entre 2008 y 2010. El diagnóstico fue realizado en el primer día de vida en cuatro pacientes y dentro de los 150 días de vida en los 3 restantes. Sólo dos presentaron miocardiopatía dilatada. Ninguno presentó cardiopatía estructural. Se utilizó amiodarona en todos los pacientes, en un caso como única droga, asociándose a propanolol en cuatro. En un paciente se asoció flecainida a estos dos fármacos y en otro se la combinó con amiodarona. En un tiempo de seguimiento con un rango de 1-28 meses (media 12.2 meses, mediana 9.75 meses en tres de los pacientes se consiguió obtener ritmo sinusal alternante con taquicardia nodal lenta; ninguno presentó efectos adversos secundarios a la medicación, ni deterioro de la función ventricular. Hubo sólo una muerte en el grupo estudiado. En conclusión, la combinación de fármacos antiarrítmicos (amiodarona más propranolol y eventualmente flecainida constituye una alternativa válida para un adecuado control de la TEU congénita en pacientes menores de un año de edad.

Liver disease in Viet Nam: screening, surveillance, management and education: a 5-year plan and call to action.

Science.gov (United States)

Gish, Robert G; Bui, Tam D; Nguyen, Chuc T K; Nguyen, Duc T; Tran, Huy V; Tran, Diem M T; Trinh, Huy N

2012-02-01

Despite a high prevalence of liver disease in Viet Nam, there has been no nationwide approach to the disease and no systematic screening of at-risk individuals. Risk factors include chronic hepatitis B (estimated prevalence of 12%), chronic hepatitis C (at least 2% prevalence), and heavy consumption of alcohol among men. This combination of factors has resulted in liver cancer being the most common cause of cancer death in Viet Nam. There is a general lack of understanding by both the general public and health-care providers about the major risk to health that liver disease represents. We report here the initial steps taken as part of a comprehensive approach to liver disease that will ultimately include nationwide education for health-care providers, health educators, and the public; expansion of nationwide screening for hepatitis B and C followed by hepatitis B virus vaccination or treatment of chronic hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C; education about alcoholic liver disease; long-term surveillance for liver cancer; reduction of infection transmission related to medical, commercial, and personal re-use of contaminated needles, syringes, sharp instruments, razors, and inadequately sterilized medical equipment; and ongoing collection and analysis of data about the prevalence of all forms of liver disease and the results of the expanded screening, vaccination, and treatment programs. We report the beginning results of our pilot hepatitis B screening program. We believe that this comprehensive nationwide approach could substantially reduce the morbidity and mortality from liver disease and greatly lessen the burden in terms of both lives lost and health-care costs. © 2011 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Prevalencia de defectos congénitos en recién nacidos Prevalence of congenital defects in newborns

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Olga Lidia Delgado Díaz

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Aún hoy, las malformaciones congénitas continúan siendo un problema de salud a nivel mundial. Cuba constituye un ejemplo en su diagnóstico prenatal gracias a los programas de pesquisaje materno infantil. Realmente, aunque su prevalencia en el país es baja, anualmente se notifican casos. Por tales razones se realizó la presente investigación, en la que, mediante un estudio observacional, de corte transversal, se realiza una caracterización clínica y epidemiológica de los 389 recién nacidos con malformaciones congénitas en la provincia La Habana entre enero de 2000 y junio de 2003. La prevalencia fue de 131,4 x 10 000 nacimientos, con un aumento porcentual de 43,5 %, un promedio de aumento anual de 14,5 % y una tasa media para el período de 135,6. El mayor por ciento de defectos se presentó en su forma aislada (78,7 % y dentro de ellos, los más frecuentes fueron la polidactilia (15,4 %, las cardiopatías (6,7 % y la hipospadia (6,4 %. El síndrome de Down fue el defecto múltiple más frecuentemente observado. Según los resultados obtenidos se concluyó que la prevalencia al nacimiento de los defectos congénitos en la provincia no difiere a los reportados en el registro cubano y en los estudios internacionales al respecto.Even today, congenital malformations be still a health problem al world level. Cuba is an example in its prenatal diagnosis thanks to maternal-infantile screening programs. Really, although its national prevalence is low, yearly cases are reported. That is why we performed present research, in which by means of a observation and transversal study, it was possible to made a clinical and epidemiological characterization of the 389 newborns presenting with congenital malformations in Havana province from January 200 to June 2003. Prevalence was of 131.4 x 10 000 births with a percentage increase of 43.5 %, a yearly increase average of 14.5 %, and a mean rate for a period of 135.6. Great percentage of defects was

32. Ampliación de la raíz aórtica mediante técnica de manouguian en cardiopatías congénitas del adulto

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M.T. González López

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: En casos seleccionados, la ampliación de raíz aórtica mediante técnica de Manouguian resulta eficaz en el manejo de la patología valvular asociada a cardiopatías congénitas del adulto.

231. Cirugía cardíaca en adultos con cardiopatías congénitas: ¿qué pacientes y patologías intervenimos actualmente?

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E.C. Ruiz-Solano

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: La cirugía congénita sobre pacientes adultos representa una actividad de relevancia en la cirugía cardíaca de hoy día. Nuestros resultados evidencian que este tipo de intervenciones se puede llevar a cabo con una baja morbimortalidad.

A model immunization programme to control Japanese encephalitis in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Yen, Nguyen Thu; Liu, Wei; Hanh, Hoang Duc; Chang, Na Yoon; Duong, Tran Nhu; Gibbons, Robert V; Marks, Florian; Thu, Nghiem Anh; Hong, Nguyen Minh; Park, Jin Kyung; Tuan, Pham Anh; Nisalak, Ananda; Clemens, John D; Xu, Zhi-Yi

2015-03-01

In Viet Nam, an inactivated, mouse brain-derived vaccine for Japanese encephalitis (JE) has been given exclusively to ≤ 5 years old children in 3 paediatric doses since 1997. However, JE incidence remained high, especially among children aged 5-9 years. We conducted a model JE immunization programme to assess the feasibility and impact of JE vaccine administered to 1-9 year(s) children in 3 standard-dose regimen: paediatric doses for children aged <3 years and adult doses for those aged ≥ 3 years. Of the targeted children, 96.2% were immunized with ≥ 2 doses of the vaccine. Compared to the national immunization programme, JE incidence rate declined sharply in districts with the model programme (11.32 to 0.87 per 100,000 in pre-versus post-vaccination period). The rate of reduction was most significant in the 5-9 years age-group. We recommend a policy change to include 5-9 years old children in the catch-up immunization campaign and administer a 4th dose to those aged 5-9 years, who had received 3 doses of the vaccine during the first 2-3 years of life.

Where "Sign Language Studies" Has Led Us in Forty Years: Opening High School and University Education for Deaf People in Viet Nam through Sign Language Analysis, Teaching, and Interpretation

Science.gov (United States)

Woodward, James; Hoa, Nguyen Thi

2012-01-01

This paper discusses how the Nippon Foundation-funded project "Opening University Education to Deaf People in Viet Nam through Sign Language Analysis, Teaching, and Interpretation," also known as the Dong Nai Deaf Education Project, has been implemented through sign language studies from 2000 through 2012. This project has provided deaf…

The Text of the Agreement between Viet-Nam and the Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-01-24

The text of the Agreement between the Republic of Viet-Nam and the Agency for the application of safeguards in connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is reproduced in this document for the information of all Members. The Agreement entered into force on 9 January 1974, pursuant to Article 25.

The Text of the Agreement between Viet-Nam and the Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1975-01-01

The text of the Agreement between the Republic of Viet-Nam and the Agency for the application of safeguards in connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is reproduced in this document for the information of all Members. The Agreement entered into force on 9 January 1974, pursuant to Article 25.

Estudo da morbidade e da mortalidade perinatal em maternidades: III - Anomalias congênitas em nascidos vivos A study of perinatal morbidity and mortality in maternity hospitals: III - Congenital anomalies in live briths

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José Maria Pacheco de Souza

1987-02-01

Full Text Available Realizou-se estudo das anomalias congênitas encontradas em recém-nascidos vivos, em nove maternidades, durante o ano de 1981-1982. O material é parte de uma pesquisa desenvolvida em sete maternidade do Estado de São Paulo, uma do Rio de Janeiro e uma de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina (Brasil, no período de agosto de 1981 a julho de 1982, quando foram coletados dados sobre todos os nascimentos ocorridos nesses nove serviços. As anomalias congênitas foram definidas como as descritas no XIV.° capítulo da Classificação Internacional de Doenças - 1975, 9ª Revisão, tendo sido utilizada essa classificação para codificá-las. Na análise estatística foram utilizados o X² (com um grau de liberdade, o teste de inclinação para proporções ("Trend test" e a técnica de Berkson para a verificação da hipótese de aderência à distribuição de Poisson. Em 12.782 recém-nascidos vivos, 286 (2,24% apresentavam algum tipo de anomalia congênita, tendo havido 26 (0,20% crianças com duas anomalias, 9 (0,07% com três e duas (0,02 apresentando quatro tipos de malformações congênitas. As deformidades osteomusculares congênitas (código 754 da CID foram as mais freqüentes (19%;segue-se as outras anomalias congênitas do coração (746 com uma freqüência de 14,1%. Ao se analisar a prevalência dessas malformações pela idade da mãe nota-se que há um aumento da prevalência à medida que a idade avança, apenas para Sindrome de Down (758.Congenital anomalies in live births in nine maternities in the period 1981-1982 were studied. This was one aspect of a research project carried out in seven maternities in the State of S.Paulo, one in Rio de Janeiro and another in Florianópolis (Brazil, from which data on all births occurring between August 1981 and July 1982 were obtained. Congenital anomalies were classified according to the XIVth chapter of the CID-1975 - 9thRevision. Chi square for associations and for trend and Berkson

Doenças hereditárias e defeitos congênitos diagnosticados em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis no Brasil

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Maria Cecília F. Damé

2013-07-01

Full Text Available É realizada uma revisão sobre as doenças hereditárias e/ou defeitos congênitos diagnosticados em búfalos no Brasil. São descritos brevemente os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos de enfermidades hereditárias ou provavelmente hereditárias já observadas no Brasil, como dermatose mecanobolhosa, artrogripose, miotomia, hidranencefalia, condrodisplasia e albinismo; e dos defeitos congênitos que não tem uma causa ainda comprovada como megaesôfago, defeitos cardíacos (persistência do ducto arterioso, dermatosparaxia, defeitos no sistema reprodutivo e outros defeitos. Observou-se que as raças mais afetadas por enfermidades de natureza genética são as que têm origem no Continente Asiático (Murrah e Jafarabadi, provavelmente em consequência da consanguinidade existente nos rebanhos devido a proibição da importação de reprodutores, sêmen e embriões daquele continente. O diagnóstico de duas dessas doenças, artrogripose e miotomia hereditária no Rio Grande do Sul e no Pará, demonstra que os genes indesejáveis estão disseminados na população de búfalos no país e que a identificação desses genes por meio de técnicas moleculares associada à criação desta espécie com maior controle sanitário, reprodutivo e zootécnico pode minimizar os prejuízos decorrentes dessas enfermidades à bubalinocultura.

Distrofia muscular congênita estudo clinico de 17 pacientes

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A. S. B. Oliveira

1991-09-01

Full Text Available Descrevemos 17 pacientes (12m, 5f com idades que variaram de 1 a 24 anos (mediana 6 anos com distrofia muscular congênita (DMC, que foram estudados do ponto de vista genético, clínico, laboratorial, eletrofisiológico e anátomo-patológico. A apresentação segundo a herança foi da forma esporádica (76,5% ou possivelmente autossômica recessiva (23,5%. A diminuição da movimentação fetal intra-uterina foi referida em 57% dos casos, hipotonia neonatal em 82% e retardo no desenvolvimento motor em 88,2%. Fraqueza muscular, diminuição dos reflexos profundos e contraturas articulares estavam presentes em todos os casos. A piora na função motora estava muito relacionada ao aumento ou aparecimento de novas retrações articulares. A CK nunca ultrapassou valores acima de 8 vezes o normal. O ENMG foi de padrão miopático em 73,3%, neuropático em 13,3% e normal em 13,3% dos casos. Aspectos tomográficos com hipodensidade da substância branca subcortical foram vistos em 8 casos. Ao tratamento impôs-se fisioterapia adequada e cirurgia corretiva das deformidades articulares. Novas contraturas desenvolveram-se mais tarde e estavam relacionadas freqüentemente a fisioterapia insuficiente.

Abundance and prevalence of Aedes aegypti immatures and relationships with household water storage in rural areas in southern Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Le Anh P; Clements, Archie C A; Jeffery, Jason A L; Yen, Nguyen Thi; Nam, Vu Sinh; Vaughan, Gregory; Shinkfield, Ramon; Kutcher, Simon C; Gatton, Michelle L; Kay, Brian H; Ryan, Peter A

2011-06-01

Since 2000, the Government of Viet Nam has committed to provide rural communities with increased access to safe water through a variety of household water supply schemes (wells, ferrocement tanks and jars) and piped water schemes. One possible, unintended consequence of these schemes is the concomitant increase in water containers that may serve as habitats for dengue mosquito immatures, principally Aedes aegypti. To assess these possible impacts we undertook detailed household surveys of Ae. aegypti immatures, water storage containers and various socioeconomic factors in three rural communes in southern Viet Nam. Positive relationships between the numbers of household water storage containers and the prevalence and abundance of Ae. aegypti immatures were found. Overall, water storage containers accounted for 92-97% and 93-96% of the standing crops of III/IV instars and pupae, respectively. Interestingly, households with higher socioeconomic levels had significantly higher numbers of water storage containers and therefore greater risk of Ae. aegypti infestation. Even after provision of piped water to houses, householders continued to store water in containers and there was no observed decrease in water storage container abundance in these houses, compared to those that relied entirely on stored water. These findings highlight the householders' concerns about the limited availability of water and their strong behavoural patterns associated with storage of water. We conclude that household water storage container availability is a major risk factor for infestation with Ae. aegypti immatures, and that recent investment in rural water supply infrastructure are unlikely to mitigate this risk, at least in the short term.

Seudoartrosis congénita de clavícula patalogía de alta confusión diagnóstica

OpenAIRE

Vergara Amador, Enrique; Galván Villamarin, Fernando; Piña Quintero, Marcela

2014-01-01

La seudoartrosis congénita de clavícula es una entidad rara, casi siempre aparece sin asociación a otras patologías y generalmente no ocasiona limitaciones importantes en los niños. Puede confundirse con otras entidades como la fractura de clavícula de origen traumático. La mayoría de los pacientes consultan por defecto estético y pocas veces por dolor. Generalmente el tratamiento es quirúrgico; pero existe controversia sobre la necesidad de realizar cirugía. Presentamos dos casos clínicos co...

Study design and the estimation of the size of key populations at risk of HIV: lessons from Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Safarnejad, Ali; Groot, Wim; Pavlova, Milena

2018-01-30

Estimation of the size of populations at risk of HIV is a key activity in the surveillance of the HIV epidemic. The existing framework for considering future research needs may provide decision-makers with a basis for a fair process of deciding on the methods of the estimation of the size of key populations at risk of HIV. This study explores the extent to which stakeholders involved with population size estimation agree with this framework, and thus, the study updates the framework. We conducted 16 in-depth interviews with key informants from city and provincial governments, NGOs, research institutes, and the community of people at risk of HIV. Transcripts were analyzed and reviewed for significant statements pertaining to criteria. Variations and agreement around criteria were analyzed, and emerging criteria were validated against the existing framework. Eleven themes emerged which are relevant to the estimation of the size of populations at risk of HIV in Viet Nam. Findings on missing criteria, inclusive participation, community perspectives and conflicting weight and direction of criteria provide insights for an improved framework for the prioritization of population size estimation methods. The findings suggest that the exclusion of community members from decision-making on population size estimation methods in Viet Nam may affect the validity, use, and efficiency of the evidence generated. However, a wider group of decision-makers, including community members among others, may introduce diverse definitions, weight and direction of criteria. Although findings here may not apply to every country with a transitioning economy or to every emerging epidemic, the principles of fair decision-making, value of community participation in decision-making and the expected challenges faced, merit consideration in every situation.

Alteraciones neuropsicológicas en la hiperplasia adrenal congénita Neuropsychological disorders related to congenital adrenal hyperplasia

OpenAIRE

Yaser Ramírez Benítez; Hussimy Marchena Morera

2008-01-01

INTRODUCCIÓN: la hiperplasia adrenal congénita engloba un conjunto de enfermedades genéticas de transmisión autosómica recesiva caracterizadas por un trastorno de la esteroidogénesis suprarrenal. Constituye un caso típico de daño cerebral por el efecto patológico de las hormonas sexuales en el sistema nervioso en desarrollo, y a esto se le suman las secuelas secundarias al cuadro grave de crisis adrenal que aparece en la forma clásica a los pocos días de vida. MÉTODOS: estudio de caso en un n...

Episiotomy rate in Vietnamese-born women in Australia: support for a change in obstetric practice in Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Trinh, Anh T; Khambalia, Amina; Ampt, Amanda; Morris, Jonathan M; Roberts, Christine L

2013-05-01

To describe the use of episiotomy among Vietnamese-born women in Australia, including risk factors for, and pregnancy outcomes associated with, episiotomy. This population-based, retrospective cohort study included data on 598 305 singleton, term (i.e. ≥ 37 weeks' gestation) and vertex-presenting vaginal births between 2001 and 2010. Data were obtained from linked, validated, population-level birth and hospitalization data sets. Contingency tables and multivariate analysis were used to compare risk factors and pregnancy outcomes in women who did or did not have an episiotomy. The episiotomy rate in 12 208 Vietnamese-born women was 29.9%, compared with 15.1% in Australian-born women. Among Vietnamese-born women, those who had an episiotomy were significantly more likely than those who did not to be primiparous, give birth in a private hospital, have induced labour or undergo instrumental delivery. In these women, having an episiotomy was associated with postpartum haemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 1.26; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.08-1.46) and postnatal hospitalization for more than 4 days (aOR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00-1.29). Among multiparous women only, episiotomy was positively associated with a third- or fourth-degree perineal tear (aOR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.31-3.06); in contrast, among primiparous women the association was negative (aOR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.37-0.60). Episiotomy was performed in far fewer Vietnamese-born women giving birth in Australia than in Viet Nam, where more than 85% undergo the procedure, and was not associated with adverse outcomes. A lower episiotomy rate should be achievable in Viet Nam.

The text of the Agreement of 12 June 1981 between Viet Nam and the Agency relating to the application of safeguards in connection with the supply of nuclear fuel for the Da Lat research reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1982-02-01

The full text of the agreement between Viet Nam and the International Atomic Energy Agency relating to the application of safeguards in connection with the supply of nuclear fuel for the DA LAT Research Reactor is presented

Hipertiroidismo congénito, Reporte de dos casos

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Víctor Clemente Mendoza Rojas

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El hipertiroidismo es una patología tiroidea poco frecuente en neonatos, relacionada con el antecedente materno de enfermedad de Graves, y por lo tanto con el paso transplacentario de inmunoglobulinas estimulantes del receptor de TSH. Presentación de casos: Reportamos dos casos de sexo femenino, que se presentaron en el Hospital Universitario de Santander. El primero de los casos se manifestó en la primera semana; el segundo caso se presentó tardíamente después del primer mes de vida. Los síntomas que presentaron en común fueron taquicardia persistente e hiperactividad. En uno de los casos la presentación clínica fue confundida con una infección bacteriana, debido a la presencia de fiebre. Se confirma el diagnóstico con los niveles de TSH muy suprimidos y T4 libre elevada, al menos al doble del límite superior. Los dos casos observaron medicamentos antitiroideos y propanolol con buena evolución clínica y de laboratorios; no se observamos complicaciones a corto o largo plazo como arritmias o craneosinostosis. Discusión: El hipertiroidismo congénito es una patología poco frecuente y siempre debe ser sospechado en recién nacidos de madres con antecedente de enfermedad de Graves, sus manifestaciones pueden presentarse prenatalmente o postnatalmente, y su diagnóstico y tratamiento deben ser oportunos para evitar secuelas a largo plazo o incluso la muerte

EIA models and capacity building in Viet Nam: an analysis of development aid programs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doberstein, Brent

2004-01-01

There has been a decided lack of empirical research examining development aid agencies as 'agents of change' in environmental impact assessment (EIA) systems in developing countries, particularly research examining the model of environmental planning practice promoted by aid agencies as part of capacity building. This paper briefly traces a conceptual framework of EIA, then introduces the concept of 'EIA capacity building'. Using Viet Nam as a case study, the paper then outlines the empirical results of the research, focusing on the extent to which aid agency capacity-building programs promoted a Technical vs. Planning Model of EIA and on the coherence of capacity-building efforts across all aid programs. A discussion follows, where research results are interpreted within the Vietnamese context, and implications of research results are identified for three main groups of actors. The paper concludes by calling for development aid agencies to reconceptualise EIA capacity building as an opportunity to transform developing countries' development planning processes

Defeitos congênitos no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: uma avaliação através do SINASC (2000-2004 Birth defects in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: an evaluation through birth certificates (2000-2004

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Fernando Antônio Ramos Guerra

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a ocorrência de defeitos congênitos em nascidos vivos no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, com base no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC, no período de 1º de janeiro de 2000 a 31 de dezembro de 2004. Através de um estudo seccional e descritivo, estudaram-se as variáveis relativas aos defeitos congênitos (presença e aparelho ou sistema acometido, aos serviços de saúde, às mães, às gestações, aos recém-natos e aos partos. Constatou-se uma prevalência de defeitos congênitos de 83/10 mil nascidos vivos. Os sistemas orgânicos mais afetados foram o osteomuscular, nervoso central, genital, as fendas lábio-palatinas e as anomalias cromossômicas. A maioria dos casos nasceu nas maternidades municipais e na rede privada, e maior prevalência de defeitos congênitos ocorreu no Instituto Fernandes Figueira da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Os defeitos congênitos foram mais prevalentes entre os filhos de mulheres mais velhas e menos instruídas. O percentual de casos ignorados foi alto, chegando a 21% em algumas maternidades. Uma maior divulgação das informações do SINASC sobre defeitos congênitos deveria ser estimulada. Estudos de confiabilidade são recomendados para melhor aproveitamento das informações.To evaluate the occurrence of birth defects in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, using the Live Birth Information System (SINASC, we performed a cross-sectional study on all live newborns with birth defects from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2004. The variables referred to birth defects (presence and system affected, type of health service, mothers, gestations, live births, and deliveries. Prevalence of birth defects was 83/10,000 live births. The most frequent birth defects involved the musculoskeletal system, central nervous system, cleft lip and palate, and chromosomal anomalies. The majority of cases were born in public (municipal and private maternity hospitals, with the highest prevalence

Herba Cistanche (Rou Cong-Rong): One of the Best Pharmaceutical Gifts of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Zhiming; Lin, Huinuan; Gu, Long; Gao, Jingwen; Tzeng, Chi-Meng

2016-01-01

Cistanche species, known as Rou Cong-Rong in Chinese, are an endangered wild species and are mainly distributed in the arid lands and warm deserts of northwestern China. Within Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Herba Cistanche is applied as a tonic and/or in a formula for chronic renal disease, impotence, female infertility, morbid leucorrhea, profuse metrorrhagia, and senile constipation. The chemical constituents of Herba Cistanche mainly consist of volatile oils, non-volatile phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs), iridoids, lignans, alditols, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. There have been an increasing number of studies focusing on its bio-activities, including antioxidation, neuroprotection, and antiaging. The objective of this review is to introduce this herb to the world. Its taxonomy, distribution, and corresponding biological functions and molecular mechanisms are addressed in this review.

Herba Cistanche (Rou Cong-Rong: One of the Best Pharmaceutical Gifts of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhiming eLi

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Cistanche species, known as Rou Cong-Rong in Chinese, are an endangered wild species and are mainly distributed in the arid lands and warm deserts of northwestern China. Within Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM, Herba Cistanche is applied as a tonic and/or in a formula for chronic renal disease, impotence, female infertility, morbid leucorrhea, profuse metrorrhagia and senile constipation. The chemical constituents of Herba Cistanche mainly consist of volatile oils, non-volatile phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs, iridoids, lignans, alditols, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. There have been an increasing number of studies focusing on its bio-activities, including antioxidation, neuroprotection, and antiaging. The objective of this review is to introduce this herb to the world. Its taxonomy, distribution, and corresponding biological functions and molecular mechanisms are addressed in this review.

Sífilis congênita: evento sentinela da qualidade da assistência pré-natal Sífilis congénita: evento centinela de la calidad de la asistencia pre-natal Congenital syphilis: a sentinel event in antenatal care quality

OpenAIRE

Rosa Maria Soares Madeira Domingues; Valeria Saracen; Zulmira Maria De Araújo Hartz; Maria Do Carmo Leal

2013-01-01

OBJETIVO: Analisar a assistência pré-natal na prevenção da transmissão vertical da sífilis. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal representativo para as gestantes de baixo risco atendidas em unidades de saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, período de 2007 a 2008. A identificação de gestantes com diagnóstico de sífilis na gestação foi feita por meio de entrevistas, verificação do cartão de pré-natal e busca de casos notificados em sistemas públicos de informação em saúde. Os casos de sífilis congên...

Memória em dislexia do desenvolvimento e surdez congênita: comparando arquiteturas cognitivas

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Fernando C. Capovilla

2011-11-01

Full Text Available O modelo de memória verbal de Baddeley é usado para comparar o processamento de informação em dislexia do desenvolvimento e surdez congênita profunda. Em curvas de posição serial, o efeito de primazia revela a integridade do circuito fonológico, que permite reter fonologicamente a informação e consolidá-la na memória; o de recência, a integridade do circuito fonético, que permite reter articulatoriamente a informação sob audição e leitura orofacial. O Circuito Fonológico é composto de duas alças: uma, conectando Entrada a Saída, permite repetir pseudopalavras ouvidas; outra, conectando Saída a Entrada, permite ouvir-se pensando, refrescar a informação fonológica e memorizá-la. A alça conectando Entrada a Saída está comprometida na afasia de condução gerando inabilidade de repetir pseudopalavras ouvidas. A alça conectando Saída a Entrada está comprometida na dislexia de desenvolvimento, dificultando ouvir internamente o fluxo da fala durante leitura. O Circuito Fonético opera sempre que a fala é ouvida, articulada oralmente, ou lida orofacialmente. Nele, a Entrada é ativada na audição ou leitura orofacial; a Saída, na articulação subvocal. A alça conectando Entrada a Saída permite repetir pseudopalavras lidas orofacialmente. A alça conectando Saída a Entrada produz efeito de recência, permitindo manter traços de memória recente e elos da fala interna. Diferente da surdez congênita em que estão preservadas, na dislexia do desenvolvimento, as alças fonológica e fonética conectando Saída a Entrada estão comprometidas, dificultando o monitoramento do próprio ouvido interno e da própria voz interna durante a leitura e a escrita.Palavras-chave: Memória. Dislexia. Surdez. Fonologia. Fonética.

Incidencia y tratamiento de las cardiopatías congénitas en San Miguel del Padrón Incidence and treatment of congenital heart disease in San Miguel del Padrón

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Emilia Vega Gutiérrez

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción: los defectos congénitos cardiovasculares son en la actualidad con frecuencia, la causa de muerte en los primeros años de vida, y la detección de estos en la etapa fetal, les proporciona a los futuros padres, los conocimientos que les permite tomar una decisión, con respecto a continuar o no con el embarazo. Objetivo: analizar la incidencia y tratamiento de las cardiopatías congénitas, en el municipio San Miguel del Padrón, en el periodo entre enero de 2007 y diciembre de 2010. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo acerca del diagnóstico prenatal y postnatal de las cardiopatías congénitas, en el municipio San Miguel del Padrón, entre el 1ro de enero de 2007 y el 31 de diciembre de 2010. Se detectó un total de 65 cardiopatías congénitas. Se aplicó una encuesta a las madres y familiares de 59 casos -por ser estos los que se encontraban residiendo en el área- para relacionar su etiología con factores de riesgos genéticos y ambientales. Además, se investigó el criterio individual acerca del manejo de estas por el servicio de genética, así como el grado de satisfacción y utilidad con respecto al asesoramiento genético. Resultados: esta investigación demostró una vez más, que las cardiopatías congénitas se mantienen dentro de las primeras causas de mortalidad infantil. Su incidencia en eeste estudio, se debió a factores ambientales de origen materno, entre los que se destacó el uso de teratógenos, principalmente el alcohol y el déficit de vitaminas y minerales. El asesoramiento genético recibido constituyó 54 (91 % casos una gran ayuda para las familias, las cuales consideraron necesaria esta especialidad, para mejorar la calidad de la atención médica. Conclusiones: las cardiopatías congénitas mostraron una alta incidencia en nuestro estudio en la etapa prenatal y postnatal. Las cardiopatías complejas constituyeron aproximadamente más de la mitad de los diagnósticos ecográficos antes del

Prevalencia de sífilis congénita en tres hospitales públicos de Baja California, México, 2012-2015

OpenAIRE

Jorge Luis Arellano-Estrada; Cinthia Selene López-Lara; Erendida Barreras-Valenzuela

2017-01-01

Señor editor: Presentamos los resultados de un estudio descriptivo con base en datos de estudio epidemiológico (EE) de caso para sífilis congénita (SC). El formato contiene antecedentes, síntomas, evolución y asociación con factores de riesgo (FR) del binomio madre-hijo. El análisis se basa en identificar la prevalencia de SC en los Hospitales de la Secretaría de Salud (SSa) de los municipios de Tijuana, Playas de Rosarito y Tecate, Baja California, de 2012 a 2015.

Diagnóstico ultrasonográfico de malformaciones congénitas: Nuestra experiencia en el período 1983-1995

OpenAIRE

Pérez Ramírez, Miguel; Mulet Matos, Eusebio; Hartmann Guilarte, Armando

1997-01-01

Se hizo un resumen del trabajo realizado durante 13 años con ecografía bidimensional en el Departamento de ultrasonido de nuestro hospital, motivados por la importancia de la detección intraútero, cada vez más precoz, de las malformaciones congénitas, con el propósito de demostrar el valor de la ecografía bidimensional para el diagnóstico de éstas. Revisamos los expedientes clínicos de las pacientes con malformaciones diagnosticadas y analizamos variables como: positividad del diagnóstico, pr...

Cardiopatías congénitas más frecuentes en niños con síndrome de Down

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Miguel A. Ruz-Montes

2017-01-01

Conclusiones: Por lo que se sabe, es el primer estudio epidemiológico en relación con la frecuencia y el tipo de cardiopatía congénita que se encuentra en los niños colombianos con síndrome de Down en un centro cardiovascular. La alta frecuencia de comunicación interventricular y la distribución diferencial de las malformaciones cardiacas asociadas con el síndrome de Down en la población, difieren de lo que se ha reportado en otros estudios.

Sífilis congênita: evento sentinela da qualidade da assistência pré-natal Sífilis congénita: evento centinela de la calidad de la asistencia pre-natal Congenital syphilis: a sentinel event in antenatal care quality

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Rosa Maria Soares Madeira Domingues

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a assistência pré-natal na prevenção da transmissão vertical da sífilis. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal representativo para as gestantes de baixo risco atendidas em unidades de saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, período de 2007 a 2008. A identificação de gestantes com diagnóstico de sífilis na gestação foi feita por meio de entrevistas, verificação do cartão de pré-natal e busca de casos notificados em sistemas públicos de informação em saúde. Os casos de sífilis congênita foram identificados por meio de busca nos sistemas de informação em saúde: Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan, Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM e Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH do SUS. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 46 casos de sífilis na gestação e 16 casos de sífilis congênita com uma prevalência estimada de 1,9% (IC95% 1,3;2,6 de sífilis na gestação e de 6/1.000 (IC95% 3;12/1.000 de sífilis congênita. A taxa de transmissão vertical foi de 34,8% e três casos foram fatais, um abortamento, um óbito fetal e um óbito neonatal, com proporções elevadas de baixo peso e prematuridade. A trajetória assistencial das gestantes mostrou falhas na assistência, como início tardio do pré-natal, ausência de diagnóstico na gravidez e ausência de tratamento dos parceiros. CONCLUSÕES: Estratégias inovadoras, que incorporem melhorias na rede de apoio diagnóstico, são necessárias para enfrentamento da sífilis na gestação, no manejo clínico da doença na gestante e seus parceiros e na investigação dos casos como evento sentinela da qualidade da assistência pré-natal.OBJETIVO: Analizar la asistencia pre-natal en la prevención de la transmisión vertical de la sífilis. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal representativo para las gestantes de bajo riesgo atendidas en unidades de salud del municipio de Rio de Janeiro, Sureste de Brasil, período de 2007 a 2008. La

Influences de la congélation et du séchage de l' attiéké sur ses ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'attiéké, produit de transformation du manioc le plus consommé en Côte d'Ivoire, a une courte durée de conservation. Les effets de la congélation et du séchage ont été évalués sur 20 lots de 6 kg d'échantillons d'attiéké dont 10 lots d'attiéké frais, 5 lots d'attiéké frais congelé et 5 lots d'attiéké frais séché. Un échantillon ...

Identificación de mutaciones puntuales del gen de la 21-hidroxilasa en pacientes afectados con hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita.

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Dora Fonseca

2005-06-01

Full Text Available lntroducción. La hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita es un trastorno autosómico recesivo debido a la inadecuada secreción de cortisol. Mas del 95% de los casos de hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita son causados por defectos del gen de la 21 hidroxilasa, CYP21A2 . Las manifestaciones clínicas incluyen la forma clásica y la forma no clásica. Objetivos. Determinar la frecuencia de las mutaciones puntuales P30L, IVS2-12AIC-G, Del 8pb, I172N, cluster Ex 6, V281L, Q318X, R356W y P453S en pacientes con hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita. Materiales y métodos. Se estudiaron 58 pacientes, de los cuales, 48 fueron clásicos y 10 no clásicos. Mediante PCR alelo-especifica y ACRS (Amplified Creation Restriction Sites, se analizaron 9 mutaciones puntuales del gen CYP21A2 y se determinó la frecuencia en la población analizada. Resultados. Los alelos afectados se identificaron en el 82,8% de los cromosomas. Las mutaciones mas frecuentes fueron: IVS2-12AIC-G (26,7%, Q318X (21,5%, V281L (12,1% e I172N (12,1%. Conclusiones. Las mutaciones mas frecuentes en Colombia son similares a las de otros países del mundo, excepto para Q318X que presentó una mayor frecuencia, pero similar a la de otros países latinoamericanos. Este hallazgo y la existencia de 17,2% de alelos no identificados puede indicar diferencia entre el acervo genético de las poblaciones. En la forma clásica perdedora de sal predominaron las mutaciones Q318X e IVS2-12AIC-G; en la virilizante simple, IVS2-12AIC-G e I172N y en la no clásica , V281L, lo cual esta relacionado con el grado de actividad enzimática. En la forma no clásica, se encontraron alelos severos en el 66,7% de los casos, lo que determina el riesgo de tener hijos afectados con la forma grave virilizante simple o perdedora de sal. Los resultados reportados permiten ofrecer asesoramiento genético y diagnóstico prenatal.

Supervisors and accomplices: extra-marital sex among migrant construction workers in Ha Noi, Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Thuy, Bui Thi Thanh; Kretchmar, Joshua

2008-06-01

This study examines the influence of social networks on the sexual relations of migrant construction workers in Ha Noi, Viet Nam. Research included observation and interviews with members of two different groups of workers. The first group, together with their employer (cai), came from the same village; the second group came from different villages. Of interest in the present study was how social relationships among workers and their employers influence extra-marital sexual activity. In the group where workers and their cai came from the same village of origin, fear of acquiring a bad reputation made these workers reluctant to seek sex services, since accounts of their behaviour were transmitted quickly home. In contrast, workers from the group who came from different villages often went out together to purchase sex. The absence of direct links to their villages of origin made it easier for these latter workers to conceal their activity. The implication of these findings for sexual safety and risk are discussed.

Sentimentos de mulheres-mães diante da cirurgia neonatal nas malformações congênitas Sentimientos de mujeres-madres delante de la cirugía neonatal en las malformaciones congénitas The feelings of women-mothers faced with the surgery in newborn birth defects

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Adriana Teixeira Reis

2011-09-01

Full Text Available O estudo buscou compreender os sentimentos vivenciados por mulheres-mães diante da cirurgia neonatal de seus filhos, portadores de malformações congênitas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, baseada no método história de vida. Utilizou a entrevista aberta entre 18 mulheres-mães de recém-nascidos submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos no período neonatal. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre julho e agosto de 2009. A análise temática das narrativas apontou para a expectativa de "normalização" da criança e das trajetórias de vida das mulheres. A experiência de hospitalização é ambígua: ao passo que desejam e criam grande expectativa perante o ato cirúrgico, sentem-se em conflito com múltiplos medos (da morte, da anestesia e da cronicidade. No processo de cuidado aos portadores de malformações congênitas cirúrgicas, a enfermagem deve considerar não apenas a visão técnica, mas, sobretudo, os sentimentos ambíguos expressos pelas mulheres-mães, em uma importante fase de construção de vínculos afetivos junto ao seu filho.El estudio trata de comprender los sentimientos que experimentan las mujeres-madres frente a la cirugía neonatal de los hijos, los pacientes con malformaciones congénitas. Este es un estudio cualitativo basado en el método historia de vida. Utilizó la entrevista grabada entre dieciocho mujeres, las madres de recién nacidos sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos en el período neonatal. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo entre julio y agosto de 2009. El análisis temático de las narrativas señaló que la expectativa de "normalización" de los niños y las trayectorias de vida de las mujeres. La experiencia de hospitalización es ambigua: al mismo tiempo que deseen para crear grandes expectativas y lo remitirá a la cirugía, se sienten en conflicto con varios temores (de la muerte, la anestesia y la cronicidad. En el proceso de atención a pacientes con malformaciones congénitas quir

Cigarette Smoking among Adolescents aged 13-15 in Viet Nam and Correlates of Current Cigarette Smoking: Results from GYTS 2014 Data.

Science.gov (United States)

Huong, Le Thi; Vu, Nga Thi Thu; Dung, Nguyen Ngoc; Xuan, Le Thi Thanh; Giang, Kim Bao; Hai, Phan Thi; Huyen, Doan Thu; Khue, Luong Ngoc; Lam, Nguyen Tuan; Minh, Hoang Van; Nga, Pham Thi Quynh

2016-01-01

The aim of this paper is to report the rate of current and ever cigarette smoking and explore correlates of current cigarette smoking among adolescents aged 13-15 in Viet Nam. This analysis was derived from GYTS survey, which comprised of 3,430 adolescents aged 13-15, conducted in 2014 in 13 cities and provinces of Viet Nam. We calculated the weighted rates of current and ever cigarette smoking and reported patterns of smoking behavior. We also performed logistic regression to explore correlates of current cigarette smoking behavior. The weighted rate of ever cigarette smoking was 9.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.5 %-10.5%), in which the weighted rate among males (15.4%; 95% CI: 13.6%-17.0%) was higher than that among females (4.2%; 95% CI: 3.3%-5.1%). The weighted rate of current cigarette smoking was relatively low at 2.5% (95%CI: 2.0%- 3.0%) with higher weighted rate among males (4.9%; 95% CI: 3.8%-5.9%) compared to the corresponding figure among females (0.2%; 95% CI: 0.0 %-0.5%). Current cigarette smoking was significantly higher among males than females, in students aged 15 versus 13 years old, and in students who had several or all close friends smoking and students with daily observation of smoking at school. For greater smoking reduction outcomes, we recommend that tobacco interventions for adolescents should consider targeting more male students at older ages, establish stricter adherence to school-based banning of cigarette smoking, engage both smoking and nonsmoking adolescents and empower adolescents to resist peer smoking influence as well as changing their norms or beliefs towards smoking benefits.

Estudo de prevalência de defeitos congênitos no Vale do Paraíba Paulista Prevalence study of birth defects in Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil

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Cilene Otaviano Pinto

2007-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de anomalias congênitas no Vale do Paraíba Paulista em 2002 e 2003. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com base em dados constantes na Declaração de Nascido Vivo (DNV, cujas informações estavam no portal da Secretaria da Saúde do Estado de São Paulo. As malformações foram descritas de acordo com o capítulo XVII do Código Internacional de Doenças (CID 10, referente a variáveis maternas e do recém-nascido. A variável desfecho (dependente foi a presença de anomalia congênita; as demais informações das mães e do recém-nascido constantes na DNV (variáveis independentes foram analisadas para estimar as associações entre elas e a variável desfecho. Utilizou-se o programa Epi-Info 6.04d para análise estatística e o teste do qui-quadrado, do qui-quadrado de tendência linear e o teste t de Student. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 41.838 dados com informações constantes nas DNVs, sendo identificados 618 (1,5% sem preenchimento do campo correspondente à anomalia congênita e 317 (0,76% nascidos com anomalia congênita. Houve associação positiva de anomalias congênitas com menor duração da gestação, maior número de filhos mortos, tipo de parto, baixo peso ao nascer e menor escore de Apgar. Os sistemas mais afetados foram o osteomuscular e o nervoso. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de malformações foi menor que a encontrada em outros estudos, possivelmente por sub-registro de informação.OBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence of birth defects in the Vale do Paraíba Paulista, São Paulo - Brazil, during the years of 2002 and 2003. METHODS: Cross-sectional study based on Birth Certificates available in the São Paulo Health Secretary site. The abnormalities were described according to chapter XVII of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD 10 for variables related to mothers and infants born alive at birth. The dependent variable was the presence of abnormalities

Sífilis congénita Congenital syphilis

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Fernando Montoya

1992-01-01

Full Text Available

Se discuten diversos aspectos de la sífilis congénita con énfasis en los siguientes: el hecho de que 60% de las madres que engendran niños sifil��ticos no presentan evidencia clínica de la enfermedad; la necesidad de ordenar un mínimo de dos serologías, al comienzo y al final del embarazo, ya que 15% de las embarazadas reactivas lo son sólo al final de la gestación; la disponibilidad de la cordocentesis a partir de la decimaséptima semana del embarazo, con el fin de obtener muestras de sangre para diagnóstico prenatal; la aceptación de 9.600.000 U. de penicilina benzatínica para el tratamiento de la sífilis durante el embarazo; esta dosis evita los casos de niños Infectados que se han observado con el esquema de 7.200.000 U.

Several aspects of congenital syphilis are discussed with emphasis on the fact that 60% of women who give birth to syphilitic children do not have clinical evidence of the disease; the need to order at least two serological tests at the beginning and at the end of pregnancy, because 15% of pregnant women become reactive only at the end of pregnancy; the possibility of obtaining prenatal fetal blood specimens for diagnostic purposes, by cordocenthesis from the seventeenth week of pregnancy on; the acceptance of a dose of 9.600.000 units of benzathine penicillin for the treatment of syphilis during pregnancy to avoid the cases of Infected Infants observed with doses of 7.200.000 units.

Toxoplasmosis congénita: aspectos clínicos y epidemiológicos de la infección durante el embarazo

OpenAIRE

Fernando Rosso; Alejandro Agudelo; Ángela Isaza; José Gilberto Montoya

2007-01-01

Se presenta una revisión actualizada sobre la toxoplasmosis durante el embarazo y de su consecuencia la toxoplasmosis congénita. Se pretende ilustrar a los profesionales de la salud con los diferentes aspectos tanto epidemiológicos como clínicos concernientes a esta enfermedad. Se revisan conceptos actuales de la parasitología y de la epidemiología de la transmisión materno-fetal, así como la presentación clínica de la infección perinatal. Se discuten nuevos adelantos en el diagnóstico y su i...

Prevalencia de sífilis congénita en tres hospitales públicos de Baja California, México, 2012-2015

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Jorge Luis Arellano-Estrada

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Señor editor: Presentamos los resultados de un estudio descriptivo con base en datos de estudio epidemiológico (EE de caso para sífilis congénita (SC. El formato contiene antecedentes, síntomas, evolución y asociación con factores de riesgo (FR del binomio madre-hijo. El análisis se basa en identificar la prevalencia de SC en los Hospitales de la Secretaría de Salud (SSa de los municipios de Tijuana, Playas de Rosarito y Tecate, Baja California, de 2012 a 2015.

Manejo clinicoquirúrgico de la anoftalmia y de la microftalmia congénitas

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Irene Rojas Rondón

Full Text Available La anoftalmia y la microftalmia congénitas son defectos oculares poco frecuentes, generalmente identificados en el momento del nacimiento, como resultado de alteraciones en la organogénesis del ojo a consecuencia de la acción de factores genéticos y ambientales durante el desarrollo embrionario. Estas anomalías provocan grave discapacidad visual a las personas que la padecen, por lo que generan gran repercusión en el ámbito psicosocial. El diagnóstico y el tratamiento precoz permitirán la estimulación visual a edad temprana, la corrección parcial o total de la anomalía y una mejor calidad de vida de estos pacientes, aun cuando no sea posible evitar la ceguera. La conducta ante estas afecciones es compleja y controversial; constituyen un reto para el cirujano oculoplástico y para el protesista. Por esta razón se decide realizar una revisión bibliográfica para profundizar en el adecuado manejo clinicoquirúrgico de estas anomalías.

Microcalcificaciones cerebrales en un recién nacido con tuberculosis congénita

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Yolanda Cifuentes

2016-03-01

Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido en tratamiento para sífilis congénita que presentó microcalcificaciones detectadas en una ecografía transfontanelar, lo que alertó sobre la existencia de otro agente infeccioso. La prueba de PCR fue negativa para citomegalovirus, así como los títulos de IgM para toxoplasma, rubéola y herpes I y II. Dado el antecedente de un tratamiento incompleto para tuberculosis en la mujer gestante, se sospechó la presencia de infección por el bacilo de la tuberculosis. No se encontraron bacilos ácido-alcohol resistentes en tres muestras de jugo gástrico, y la prueba de PCR-IS6110 fue positiva en líquido cefalorraquídeo y en orina, pero no en sangre. El recién nacido recibió tratamiento con penicilina cristalina durante 10 días, así como con isoniacida, rifampicina, pirazinamida y estreptomicina. Actualmente se le hace seguimiento clínico.

Detección de toxoplasmosis congénita en líquido amniótico humano mediante la técnica de nested-pcr

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A. Hortúa

2000-07-01

Full Text Available La toxoplasmosis es provocada por el parasite intracelular obligado Toxoplasma gondii,de la familia Toxoplasmidae (Flores, 1991. Este parasite puede ser asintomático en adultos con un sistema inmune normal, pero puede ser de gran trascendencia en el feto en gestación y en pacientes con SIDA o deficiencia en el sistema inmune (Montoya, 1996. La presencia de anticuerpos antitoxoplasma indica únicamente que la persona se infecto con el microorganismo en un momento dado y no que haya oeste desarrollando la toxoplasmosis necesariamente, pero un resultado positivo indica que el individuo está en riesgo de desarrollar la enfermedad (Perea, 1983. \\ Si la infección se produce durante el embarazo, existe la posibilidad que la toxoplasmosis sea transmitida al feto ocasionando aborto espontaneo, prematuridad o enfermedades severas en el feto, tales como: hidrocefalia y calcificaciones inn-ace- i rebrales (Picazo, 1994. En la mayoría de los casos el diagnóstico biológico de la toxoplasmosis congénita se basa en métodos serológicos indirectos; sin embargo, en los últimos años los diversos estudios realizados en Biología Molecular permitieron utilizar la Técnica de Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad (Hohlfeld, 1994. Los primeros estudios en PCR fueron dirigidos a la amplificación de la secuencia repetitiva del gen B1 de Toxoplasma gondii en líquido amniótico de mujeres infectadas (Grover, 1990. La prueba de PCR en liquido amniótico es definitivamente mas sensible que otras técnicas convencionales usadas, ya que estas presentan dificultad en establecer un diagnóstico segura y oportuno, por esto se ha implementando la técnica de PCR en la detección de la toxoplasmosis, aportando un progreso indiscutible en aquellos casos donde los exámenes clínicos y serológicos presentan limitaciones. También disminuye el tiempo de análisis de las muestras arrojando resultados en un período máximo de 24

Genotypic differences in phosphorus use efficiency and yield of wetland rice of southern Viet Nam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bui Thi Hong Thanh; Le Dac Lieu; Luong Thu Tra; Mai Thanh Son; Nguyen Dang Nghia; Do Trung Binh

1996-01-01

This study was conducted during 1992 to 1994 with the objective of assessing genotypic differences in phosphorus use efficiency of wetland rice (Oriza sativa L.) and to select genotypes which grow well on soils low in available P or requiring only small amounts of added phosphorus fertilizer. In the first experiment, 24 genotypes of rice were screened under field conditions at low P (0 P added) and high P (90 kg P 2 O 5 /ha) on a gray soil of South Viet Nam. Significant genotypic differences were found in straw and grain yield, total P uptake, plant height and phosphorus use efficiency. Grain yield was highly correlated with phosphorus use efficiency. The effect of P supply was generally small. On average P supply decreased straw yield and increased grain yield. In the second experiment, four genotypes selected from the first experiment were grown under greenhouse conditions for four weeks supplied with 0, 30 and 90 ppm. Dry weight of shoots did not respond to P fertilization, but dry weight of roots increased with increasing P supply. The two efficient genotypes, G6 and G22, showed a higher root/shoot ratio than the two inefficient genotypes, G11 and G19. This indicates a higher potential for P acquisition of G6 and G22. In the third experiment, the same contrasting genotypes, and G18 with intermediate efficiency, were grown under field conditions at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg P 2 O 5 /ha. Of the two inefficient genotypes, G11 gave the highest grain yield at 60 and G19 at 90 kg P 2 O 5 /ha; G18 gave a clear response up to 60 kg P 2 O 5 /ha. Based on the information obtained in this study we conclude that G6 and G22 are efficiently and well adapted rice genotypes to gray soils of South Viet Nam, low in available P. At low P supply G6 may be slightly better than G22. Further, the 15 N tracer study showed that for G6, a small P supply (30 kg P 2 O 5 /ha) can increase the % N recover from urea applied at 120 kg N/ha. (author). 12 refs, 6 figs, 3 tabs

Genotypic differences in phosphorus use efficiency and yield of wetland rice of southern Viet Nam

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hong Thanh, Bui Thi; Lieu, Le Dac; Tra, Luong Thu; Son, Mai Thanh [Center of Nuclear Techniques, Ho Chi Minh City (Viet Nam); Nghia, Nguyen Dang; Binh, Do Trung [Agricultural Science Inst., Ho Chi Minh City (Viet Nam)

1996-07-01

This study was conducted during 1992 to 1994 with the objective of assessing genotypic differences in phosphorus use efficiency of wetland rice (Oriza sativa L.) and to select genotypes which grow well on soils low in available P or requiring only small amounts of added phosphorus fertilizer. In the first experiment, 24 genotypes of rice were screened under field conditions at low P (0 P added) and high P (90 kg P{sub 2}O{sub 5}/ha) on a gray soil of South Viet Nam. Significant genotypic differences were found in straw and grain yield, total P uptake, plant height and phosphorus use efficiency. Grain yield was highly correlated with phosphorus use efficiency. The effect of P supply was generally small. On average P supply decreased straw yield and increased grain yield. In the second experiment, four genotypes selected from the first experiment were grown under greenhouse conditions for four weeks supplied with 0, 30 and 90 ppm. Dry weight of shoots did not respond to P fertilization, but dry weight of roots increased with increasing P supply. The two efficient genotypes, G6 and G22, showed a higher root/shoot ratio than the two inefficient genotypes, G11 and G19. This indicates a higher potential for P acquisition of G6 and G22. In the third experiment, the same contrasting genotypes, and G18 with intermediate efficiency, were grown under field conditions at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg P{sub 2}O{sub 5}/ha. Of the two inefficient genotypes, G11 gave the highest grain yield at 60 and G19 at 90 kg P{sub 2}O{sub 5}/ha; G18 gave a clear response up to 60 kg P{sub 2}O{sub 5}/ha. Based on the information obtained in this study we conclude that G6 and G22 are efficiently and well adapted rice genotypes to gray soils of South Viet Nam, low in available P. At low P supply G6 may be slightly better than G22. Further, the {sup 15}N tracer study showed that for G6, a small P supply (30 kg P{sub 2}O{sub 5}/ha) can increase the % N recover from urea applied at 120 kg N/ha.

eNOS se correlaciona com a biogênese mitocondrial em corações com cardiopatia congênita e cianose

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Juan Xiao

2012-09-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O programa de biogênese mitocondrial no coração parece apresentar remodelação adaptativa após estresse biomecânico e oxidativo. Os mecanismos adaptativos que protegem o metabolismo do miocárdio durante a hipóxia são coordenados, em parte, pelo óxido nítrico (NO. OBJETIVO: Observar a biogênese mitocondrial e expressão do óxido nítrico sintase (NOS em corações de cardiopatia congênita com cianose; discutir a resposta mitocondrial à hipóxia crônica do miocárdio. MÉTODOS: Foram investigados 20 pacientes com defeitos cardíacos cianóticos (n = 10 ou acianóticos (n = 10. Foram estudadas amostras do miocárdio na via de saída ventricular direita, tomadas durante a operação. A análise morfométrica de mitocôndrias foi realizada por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A relação mtDNA/nDNA foi determinada com PCR em tempo real. Os níveis de transcrição da subunidade I da citocromo c oxidase (COXI, coativador-1α do receptor γ ativado por proliferador de peroxissoma (PGC-1α, o fator respiratório nuclear 1 (NRF1, e fator de transcrição mitocondrial A (Tfam foram detectados por reação em cadeia da polimerase via transcriptase reversa (RT-PCR ativado por fluorescência em tempo real. Os níveis proteicos de COXI e nNOS, iNOS e eNOS foram medidos por técnica de Western Blot. RESULTADOS: A densidade volumétrica mitocondrial (Vv e a densidade numérica (Nv foram significativamente elevadas em pacientes com cianose, em comparação com a cardiopatia congênita acianótica. MtDNA elevada e suprarregulação dos níveis de COXI, PGC-1 α, NRF1 e Tfam mRNA foram observadas em pacientes cianóticos. Os níveis de proteína de COXI e eNOS foram significativamente maiores no miocárdio de pacientes cianóticos que nos de acianóticos. Os níveis de transcrição do PGC-1α se correlacionam com os níveis de eNOS. CONCLUSÃO: A biogênese mitocondrial é ativada no miocárdio da via de saída ventricular na

Anestesia no cardiovascular en el paciente con cardiopatía congénita y flujo pulmonar aumentado

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Lincoln de la Parte Pérez

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Los lactantes y dentro de éstos los de menor edad y peso corporal, que padecen de cardiopatías congénitas con flujo pulmonar aumentado y son sometidos a anestesia para procedimientos quirúrgicos no cardiovasculares, tienen un gran riesgo anestésico, por lo que es necesario enfatizar que estos pacientes presentan habitualmente múltiples alteraciones anatómicas y de la fisiología cardiovascular con repercusión en diferentes órganos y sistemas, diversas enfermedades asociadas que empeoran el pronóstico y necesitan frecuentemente tratamiento médico con digitálicos, diuréticos y fármacos vasoactivos desde muy temprano, de modo que la evaluación preoperatoria, incluidas las investigaciones no invasivas, deben ser realizadas por cardiólogos experimentados y cuando se programan para procedimientos quirúrgicos, deben ser remitidos para un centro con recursos y la experiencia necesaria en el manejo de los pacientes con cardiopatías congénitas. Se presenta una revisión bibliográfica actualizada sobre el manejo anestésico de estos pacientes.Infants and among them the youngest and with the least body weight suffering from congenital heart diseases with increased pulmonary flow and who receive anesthesia to undergo noncardiovascular surgical procedures, are at a great anesthetic risk . That's why, it is necessary to make emphasis on the fact that these patients usually present multiple anatomical alterations and cardiovascular physiology disorders with repercussion on different organs and systems, diverse associated diseases that worsen the prognosis, and that they frequently need medical treatment with digitalis, diuretics and vasoactive drugs very early. Taking this into account, the preoperative evaluation, including non-invasive research should be carried out by experienced cardiologists and when they are scheduled for surgical procedures, they should be referred to a center with resources and the necessary experience in the

Association of giant congenital melanocytic nevus, halo nevus and vitiligo in a 75-year-old patient Associação de nevo melanocítico congênito gigante, nevo halo e vitiligo. Relato de caso em paciente de 75 anos

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Marina Leite da Silveira

2012-04-01

Full Text Available A giant congenital melanocytic nevus represents a rare condition. The halo phenomenon may be seen in congenital or acquired melanocytic nevi. In the literature, association of halo nevus and giant congenital melanocytic nevus is rare and the association of both with vitiligo even more rare. A 75-yearold woman at first consultation complained of a hyperchromic bluish-brown hairy macula on the lower back, buttocks and thighs present since birth and an achromic halo of onset three years ago. The histological features were consistent with congenital melanocytic nevus and halo nevus, respectively. After two years the patient developed achromic areas in normal skin, histologically consistent with vitiligo. The authors emphasize the rarity of this triple combination, the patient's age and the absence of malignant degeneration to date.Nevo melanocitico congênito gigante constitui uma condição rara. O fenômeno halo pode ser observado em nevos melanocíticos congênitos ou adquiridos. Na literatura a associação nevo halo e nevo melanocítico congênito gigante é rara e a associação de ambos com vitiligo ainda mais rara. Mulher de 75 anos que à primeira consulta apresentava mácula hipercrômica castanho-azulada pilosa na região lombar, nádegas e coxas desde o nascimento e halo acrômico de aparecimento há 3 anos. Os histológicos foram compatíveis com nevo melanocítico congênito e nevo halo respectivamente. Após dois anos evoluiu com áreas de acromia à distância, com histológico de vitiligo. Os autores ressaltam a raridade desta tripla associação; a idade da paciente e a ausência de degeneração maligna até o presente momento.

Infección congénita por citomegalovirus en recién nacidos del estado de San Luis Potosí, México Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in newborn infants from the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico

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Daniel E Noyola

2011-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de infección congénita por citomegalovirus en recién nacidos participantes en el programa de tamiz neonatal de los Servicios de Salud de San Luis Potosí. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se evaluó la presencia de citomegalovirus en muestras de sangre almacenadas en papel filtro. RESULTADOS. Se detectó la presencia de citomegalovirus en 10 (0.68% de 1 457 muestras estudiadas. No se encontraron diferencias en las características de los recién nacidos con infección congénita en comparación con aquéllos sin infección. CONCLUSIONES: Es necesario concientizar a los profesionales de la salud sobre la prevalencia e impacto de la infección congénita por citomegalovirus.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in newborn infants included in the neonatal screening program coordinated by the State Health Services in San Luis Potosí. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated the presence of cytomegalovirus in blood samples stored in filter paper. RESULTS: Cytomegalovirus was detected in 10 (0.68% of the 1 457 samples included in the study. There were no differences in the characteristics of infants with congenital infection compared to those without infection. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to increase awareness of health professionals regarding the prevalence and impact of congenital cytomegalovirus infection.

Estrés oxidativo en las cardiopatías congénitas cianóticas

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Dalyla Alonso Rodríguez

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Las cardiopatías y el infarto agudo de miocardio son procesos en cuya fisiopatología están presentes los radicales libres, que causan daños severos en la estructura del miocardio e involucran una cascada de eventos asociados con la pérdida de la integración de las membranas.Con el propósito de determinar la presencia de estrés oxidativo en las cardiopatías congénitas cianóticas, en un grupo de 20 pacientes pediátricos con esta afección se determinaron los niveles de antioxidantes séricos, como albúmina, ceruloplasmina, vitamina C, bilirrubina, ácido úrico, y de LDLox como marcador de daño oxidativo. Los resultados demostraron niveles bajos de vitamina C, hiperbilirrubinemia e hiperuricemia; las cifras de albúmina y ceruloplasmina no se modificaron, a diferencia de la LDLox, que evidenció la presencia de estrés oxidativo en estos pacientes.

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The Sino-Viet Borderlands in the Premodern Age

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John Whitmore

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Kathlene Baldanza. Ming China and Vietnam: Negotiating Borders in Early Modern Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. 237 pp. $100 (cloth; $29 (paper; $80 (e-book. Bradley Camp Davis. Imperial Bandits: Outlaws and Rebels in the China-Vietnam Borderlands. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2017. 237 pp. $90 (cloth; $30 (paper. As the world is currently concerned with the government of China and its growing power along its southern frontier, it is useful to consider past events that reflect the pattern of interactions between this northern power and the states lying along this frontier. East Asian historians Kathlene Baldanza and Bradley Camp Davis provide excellent, detailed studies of Vietnam and Beijing as they worked to resolve issues in the territory separating them. Although in the early modern age, the scholar-officials of both lands shared a Confucian ideology and practice, the asymmetric relationship between the two lands (Womack 2006 engendered very different perspectives on each side of the frontier. Baldanza and Davis offer valuable views on these relationships: the former focusing on the Ming dynasty (1368–1644 in China; the latter on the late Qing (1850–1911. Each of the authors also gives us a view of the Vietnamese dynasties of those ages: the Tran (1225–1400, the Le (1428–1527, 1592–1788, the Mac (1528–1592 of Dai Viet, and the Nguyen (1802–1945 of Vietnam. The two authors bring us into their scenes through engagement with a variety of primary sources. Baldanza does a masterful job with contemporary Vietnamese and Chinese documents (both in Chinese characters, mining the interactions between the two. Davis, in a more recent setting, does a fine job bringing local oral traditions together with official imperial documents of both Hue and Beijing, as well as official and nonofficial French documentation. Both books offer a rich mixture of analysis of the contemporary textual record, written and oral

O conduto valvulado bovino contegra, um biomaterial para o tratamento cirúrgico de cardiopatias congênitas

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Shi-Min Yuan

Full Text Available O Contegra, um enxerto de veia jugular bovina, tem sido amplamente utilizado como biomaterial de preferência no tratamento cirúrgico das cardiopatias congênitas, especialmente como um conduto para a reconstrução da via de saída ventricular direita. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão abrangente sobre os desfechos clínicos do Contegra. Foram recuperados, coletados e analisados, relatos de Contegra publicados desde 2002. Havia 1.718 Contegra, aplicados em 1.705 pacientes. Os tamanhos dos condutos foram de 8-22 mm. As idades dos pacientes foram de recém-nascidos até 74,5 anos, com prevalência de pacientes pediátricos. O diagnóstico primário foi cardiopatia congênita em todos os casos, sendo os três diagnósticos principais: tetralogia de Fallot, tronco arterioso e atresia pulmonar, que representaram 25,6%, 16,7% e 13,1%, respectivamente. O Contegra foi utilizado como enxerto tubular na posição pulmonar em 1635 (95,9% pacientes, como remendo monocúspide em 12 (0,7%, como enxerto na posição da valva pulmonar ou monocúspide em 40 (2,3%, e, como conduto artéria pulmonar-veia cava inferior na operação de Fontan, em 18 (1,1% pacientes, respectivamente. O reimplante de conduto foi realizado em 141 (8,3% pacientes, 33,8 ± 37 (8,6-106,8 meses após a inserção do conduto inicial. A plástica do conduto foi necessária em seis (0,4% e a reintervenção em 83 (4,9% dos pacientes. As indicações do reimplante do conduto incluíram estenose importante da anastomose distal, pseudoaneurisma da anastomose proximal e regurgitação importante do conduto. Quanto ao bom desempenho, disponibilidade e longevidade, o Contegra é um biomaterial adequado para a reconstrução da via de saída ventricular direita e como remendo para reparo de comunicação interventricular, mas não é apto para a operação de Fontan.

No todo es zika: toxoplasmosis congénita, ¿aún prevalente en Colombia?

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Jorge L Alvarado-Socarras

Full Text Available La toxoplasmosis congénita continúa siendo un problema de salud pública. Aun existiendo guías plenamente divulgadas y conocidas, se observa poca implementación de las mismas y falta de adecuada interpretación de pruebas serológicas en gestantes Esto puede generar falta de captación y tratamiento en embarazadas con primoinfección por Toxoplasma gondii. Reportamos una serie de casos, con compromiso neurológico y sistémico (dificultad respiratoria, hepatoesplenomegalia, enterocolitis, calcificaciones cerebrales, trombocitopenia, corioretinis, ascitis, choque. Si bien el virus de Zika causó epidemia en 2015-2016 en Brasil, Colombia y otros países, toxoplasmosis es un diagnóstico diferencial aún prevalente en estos países, con secuelas graves, discapacidad neurológica y riesgo de daño ocular, incluso tardío. Adicionalmente, existen algunas variedades de cepas de T. gondii con comportamiento más agresivo en Latinoamérica, lo cual empeora la presentación de los casos, incluyendo además mayor riesgo de muerte.

Os profissionais de Enfermagem diante do nascimento da criança com malformação congênita Los profesionales de Enfermería en el nacimiento de un niño con malformación congénita Nursing professionals before of the birth of a child with congenital malformation

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Iêda Maria Ávila Vargas Dias

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Estudo de natureza qualitativa utilizou o Método História de Vida e teve por objeto de estudo a percepção da equipe de enfermagem de sua experiência em atuar no nascimento de uma criança portadora de malformação congênita. Os resultados permitiram a construção de três categorias temáticas: a percepção da equipe de enfermagem ao assistir o nascimento de uma criança com malformação congênita; as estratégias empregadas pela equipe de enfermagem; e os fatores que influenciam a atuação da equipe. O estudo evidenciou que a experiência de atuar no nascimento de criança malformada é percebida tanto como uma experiência prazerosa e gratificante quanto como uma experiência estressante e incômoda. A percepção dessa experiência é influenciada pela história de vida do indivíduo; processo de formação do profissional; tempo de atuação e suporte institucional em relação aos aspectos técnicos, científicos e emocionais.Estudio de naturaleza cualitativa que utilizó el Método Historia de Vida y tuvo por objeto de estudio la percepción del equipo de enfermería a través de la experiencia en actuar al nacimiento de un niño portador de malformación congénita. Los resultados permitieron la construcción de tres categorías temáticas: La percepción del equipo de enfermería al asistir el nacimiento de un niño con malformación congénita; Las estrategias empleadas por el equipo de enfermería; y los factores que influencian la actuación del equipo. El estudio evidenció que la experiencia de actuar en el nacimiento de un niño malformado es percibida tanto como una experiencia que da placer y que gratifica, así como una experiencia estresante e incómoda. La percepción de esa experiencia es influenciada por la historia de vida del individuo; proceso de formación del profesional; tiempo de actuación y soporte institucional en relación a los aspectos técnicos, científicos y emocionales.Study of qualitative nature

Prevalencia de los factores de riesgo para toxoplasmosis congénita en maternas

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Yolanda Torres de Galvis

2001-04-01

Full Text Available

La toxoplasmosis a pesar de no ser una causa frecuente de infección en la gestante, sí constituye un factor de riesgo para el binomio madre-hijo. En nuestro medio la incapacidad para hacer un diagnóstico prenatal precoz y específico es muy grande debido a los costos; por lo tanto, la estrategia para disminuir este problema es principalmente la prevención. La toxoplasmosis congénita adquiere importancia cuando ocurre como primoinfección en la mujer embarazada, ocasionando anormalidades fetales. Los principales factores de riesgo están asociados a la convivencia con felinos.
En la ciudad de Medellín se han desarrollado dos estudios sobre el
tema: uno en el sector oficial con prevalencia de infección en gestantes del 38% (610 mujeres, y el segundo una encuesta en Susalud con 200 mujeres maternas en el que se encontró que el 86% de ellas desconocían la enfermedad, un 14.5% convivían con gatos, y el 27.6% comían carne mal cocida.

Congés… pour « prières » Prayers and days off

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Claudine Viard

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Les premiers combats de la classe ouvrière se sont portés sur la demande d’une journée de repos, qui par tradition chrétienne a été fixée le dimanche en 1906. Quatre journées de congé à caractère chrétien ont en outre été retenues par le législateur. L’exercice du culte est donc concrètement garanti pour les chrétiens. Avec l’arrivée sur le territoire de la République  de populations de confessions variées, cette organisation du travail apparaît inégalitaire, voire de nature à porter atteinte à la liberté religieuse. Il a été proposé de reconnaître les jours de prières d’autres confessions. Pour l’instant, le législateur n’a pas adopté ces propositions. Mais la question reste posée. Or, la jurisprudence des tribunaux judiciaires et administratifs admet le droit de prier des fidèles des cultes minoritaires, ils peuvent prétendre à un congé lors des fêtes de leur religion dans la mesure où cela n’occasionne pas de perturbation. La consécration de cette jurisprudence souple par le législateur serait de nature à calmer le débat.At the turn of the century, the working classes fought for a day off in the week, which was granted on Sundays by the legislator in 1906. Four additional christian holidays are also legal. So the right to pray is garanteed for christians. As different populations with various faiths settled in France, this organisation has seemed to violate the principle of equality, and religious freedom. There has been a debate on the question whether some of the days of minority religions should also be observed by all the population. But so far, the legislator has not voted any of these proposals. It remains an issue. The French judge has consistently decided that the people of non christian faiths had the right to be granted a day off to pray on these special days, provided it would not cause prejudice to the organisation they work for. It might help to calm the debate if this

Situs Inversus Totalis y Cardiopatía congénita: Diagnóstico casual en un lactante con neumonía

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Hebel Oziel Urquia Osorio

2012-02-01

Full Text Available El Situs Inversus Totalis es una rara entidad que se caracteriza por la imagen en espejo de las vísceras torácicas y abdominales con respecto al plano sagital, cuya prevalencia se estima de 1-2/10,000 nacidos vivos, de los cuales solo el 1-10% presentan malformaciones cardiovasculares congénitas asociadas. Presentamos el caso de un lactante de sexo masculino de 11 meses de edad, que fue atendido en el ¨Hospital Materno Infantil¨ ubicado en la ciudad de Tegucigalpa, Honduras, por presentar tos seca, cianotizante no emetizante de 1 mes de evolución, exacerbada en los últimos 4 días y acompañada de dificultad respiratoria con periodos de apnea, fiebre subjetivamente alta, tiraje subcostal, taquipnea y crépitos basales bilaterales. La realización de una radiografía de tórax reveló: dextrocardia, bazo y cámara gástrica lateralizados hacia la derecha e hígado hacia la izquierda. Se decide realizar una ecocardiografía y un ultrasonido abdominal para verificar el hallazgo, reportando: situs inversus, dextrocardia, agenesia de la vena cava inferior, defecto interventricular de entrada (tipo canal, ductos arterioso, vasos transpuestos, bazo en cuadrante superior derecho e hígado localizado en cuadrante superior izquierdo. El diagnostico de esta condición pasa desapercibido en la mayoría de los casos, por esta razón debemos incentivar la práctica de un examen físico minucioso, evitando así la dependencia de los hallazgos fortuitos e incidentales. Palabras Claves: Situs Inversus, Cardiopatía Congénita, Dextrocardia.

Niveles de inmunoglobulinas IgA e IgM en recién nacidos y correlación con infección congénita

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Rafael Ferrer Montoya

1998-03-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio analítico y prospectivo en 600 recién nacidos, de los niveles sanguíneos de IgM e IgA y su relación con el riesgo de infección congénita. Se encontró elevada la IgM en 10 neonatos (1,7 % y la IgA en 18 (3 %. Se halló una buena correlación (OR y significancia estadística de IgM e IgA elevadas en los neonatos cuyas madres tuvieron líquido amniótico caliente y/o fétido, ruptura de las membranas de más de 24 horas y fiebre intraparto. También hubo una buena correlación (OR y significancia estadística de las Igs elevadas en neonatos con bronconeumonía y sepsis generalizada congénita. De los cultivos bacteriológicos existió una buena correlación (OR y significancia estadística en el hemocultivo y exudado faríngeo y las Igs elevadas y el residuo gástrico con la IgM elevada. Las bacterias grampositivas y gramnegativas aisladas en los neonatos tuvieron buena correlación (OR y significancia estadística, excepto para la IgA en las bacterias gramnegativas. Los 4 neonatos fallecidos por infección congénita tuvieron IgM elevadas.A prospective analytical study of IgM and IgA inmunoglobulin levels of 600 neonates and their correlation with congenital infection risks was made. 10 neonates (1.7 % presented a high IgM level whereas 18 (3 % had a raised IgA level. A good correlation (OR and statistical significance of raised IgA and IgM levels were found in newborns of mothers who had had hot and/or fetid amniotic fluid; ruptured membranes for over 24 hours and intralabor fever. Good correlation and statistical significance of high Igs were also present in neonates affected by bronchopneumonia and general congenital sepsis. As to the bacteriological cultures, good correlation and statistical significance was found in hemoculture and pharyngeal exudate, as well as raised Igs levels, and gastric residues with high IgM level. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from newborns presented good correlation

The Volatility of Market Risk In Viet Nam Listed Public Utilities Company Groups during and after the Financial Crisis 2007-2009

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Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy

2014-03-01

Full Text Available This study estimates market risk of total 45 listed companies in Viet Nam public utilities, natural gas and oil industry during the financial crisis period 2007-2009. Firstly, we found out in the research sample that there are 82% of firms, of total listed firms, with beta values lower than ( 1, meaning having stock returns fluctuating more than the market benchmark. Thirdly, among three (3 groups, the systemic risk in the electric power industry is the smallest, shown by estimated values of equity and asset beta mean, and asset beta variance in this industry is also the smallest. Finally, this paper generates some analytical outcomes that enable companies and government to have more evidence in establishing their policies in investments and in governance

Adultos com cardiopatia congênita submetidos à primeira cirurgia: prevalência e resultados em um hospital terciário Adults with congenital heart disease undergoing first surgery: prevalence and outcomes at a tertiary hospital

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Gustavo Alves de Mello

2012-12-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O tratamento cirúrgico da cardiopatia congênita em adultos apresentou importante crescimento nos últimos anos. Contudo, ainda assim, o número de pacientes que atingem a idade adulta sem tratamento cirúrgico adequado permanece elevado. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados hospitalares e diagnósticos dos pacientes adultos com cardiopatia congênita submetidos à primeira operação. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, que analisou prontuários de pacientes operados para correção de cardiopatia congênita com idade maior ou igual a 18 anos. O critério de exclusão foi cirurgia para reoperação. Foi analisado o período entre dezembro de 2007 e dezembro de 2010, com inclusão de 79 pacientes. RESULTADOS: Os defeitos do septo atrial foram os mais prevalentes (53,1%, seguidos de comunicação interventricular (15,2%, coarctação da aorta (6,3% e canal atrioventricular parcial (6,3%. Treze (16,4% pacientes apresentavam doença associada adquirida e 14 pacientes (17,7%, congênita. Trinta e três (41,8% pacientes apresentavam hipertensão pulmonar. O tempo médio de internamento em UTI e hospitalar foi de 3,9 e 14,5 dias, respectivamente. Complicações ocorreram em 18 (22,8% pacientes, sendo as infecciosas as mais comuns. A mortalidade hospitalar foi de dois (2,5% pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento da cardiopatia congênita em adultos como primeira cirurgia apresentou resultado bastante favorável. Contudo, em nossa série, houve maior tempo de internamento em UTI e hospitalar.INTRODUCTION: Surgical treatment of congenital heart disease in adults showed a significant growth in recent years. But even so, the number of patients who reach adulthood without adequate surgical treatment remains high. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the results and hospital diagnoses of adult patients with congenital heart disease underwent the first surgery. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of records of patients operated for correction of congenital heart

Frequencies of congenital malformations: assessment and prognosis of 52,744 births in three cities of Colombia Frecuencia de malformaciones congénitas: evaluación y pronóstico de 52.744 nacimientos en tres ciudades colombianas

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Nicolás Fernández

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Introduction. The Instituto de Genética Humana of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana conducted an epidemiological surveillance of congenital malformations as defined by criteria provided by the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations.
Objective. The frequency of the main congenital malformations were tabulated for major urban centers in Colombia.
Materials and methods. Information was gathered from 52,744 newborns between April 2001 and January 2008 in three cities of Colombia (Bogotá, Ubaté and Manizales. Data included the age of mother, gestational age, gender and weight of the newborn and the congenital malformation. Cases were classified according to a prognostic scale to assess the impact of health team interventions in the recovery process.
Results. Congenital defects were noted in 3.1% of the newborns. The most frequent congenital defects were those of the ears. Clubfoot, polydactyly and cleft lip or palate were more common amongst males. The weight and gestational age were lower in the congenitally affected in comparison with the control group. The prognostic scale of congenital malformations indicated that most of these patients are at high risk of death or disability and that the intervention of the health team changed the patient´s prognosis in approximately 80% of the cases.
Conclusion. Frequencies of congenital malformations in Colombia were similar to those reported in other countries. The interventions of the health team in treating patients with congenital malformations directly affected patient prognosis. Therefore, early diagnosis and adequate interdisciplinary treatment were recommended by these data in order to reduce disability and improve the quality of life of these patients.Introducción. El Instituto de Genética Humana, de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, desarrolla un programa de vigilancia de malformaciones congénitas con metodologías modificadas del Estudio

Exposure to misoprostol and hormones during pregnancy and risk of congenital anomalies Exposição ao misoprostol e hormônios durante a gravidez e risco de anomalia congênita

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Tatiane da Silva Dal Pizzol

2008-06-01

Full Text Available This study evaluated the association between use of misoprostol and other drugs to induce menstruation, and congenital anomalies. A sample of 4,856 pregnant women 20 years and older were enrolled consecutively in prenatal services in the Unified National Health System, in six Brazilian State capitals. Data on socio-demographics and use of medicines were obtained using an interview from the 21st to 28th week of pregnancy. Other data, including information on delivery and diagnosis of congenital anomalies by the attending neonatal physician were obtained from patient charts. Potential confounders were adjusted by logistic regression. Use of drugs to induce menstruation was reported by 707 women (14.6%, of whom 120 (17% reported use of misoprostol. After adjusting for the study center, a positive association was observed between misoprostol and congenital anomalies (OR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.03-6.75; a positive association was also observed for sex hormones (OR = 2.24; 95%CI: 1.06-4.74. The results suggest that the use of misoprostol or sex hormones during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital anomalies.Este estudo avalia a associação do uso do misoprostol e de outros produtos utilizados para induzir a menstruação com anomalia congênita. Foram arroladas consecutivamente 4.856 mulheres com vinte anos de idade ou mais, procedentes de serviços de pré-natal do Sistema Único de Saúde em seis capitais brasileiras. Dados sócio-demográficos e o uso de medicamentos foram obtidos por meio de entrevista, entre a 21ª e a 28ª semanas de gestação. Outros dados, incluindo informações sobre o parto e o diagnóstico de anomalia congênita, realizado pelo médico que assistiu o recém-nascido, foram obtidos no prontuário. Potenciais confundidores foram ajustados por meio de regressão logística. O uso de produtos para induzir a menstruação foi relatado por 707 gestantes (14,6%, das quais 120 (17% referiram-se ao misoprostol. Após ajustamento

Prevalência de alterações orais congênitas e de desenvolvimento em bebês de 0 a 6 meses = Prevalence of congenital and developmental oral abnormalities in infants aged 0 to 6 months

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Santos, Flávia Fernanda Carvalho

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de alterações orais congênitas e de desenvolvimento em bebês de 0 a 6 meses de idade. Metodologia: A amostra deste estudo descritivo foi constituída por 621 bebês de 0 a 6 meses de idade atendidos no Banco de leite do Hospital Universitário Materno Infantil em São Luís, MA, Brasil, no período de janeiro de 2001 a junho de 2004. O exame clínico foi realizado através de inspeção visual, com luz natural e espátula de madeira. Foram registradas as alterações orais congênitas e de desenvolvimento presentes e sua localização anatômica, bem como o sexo e a faixa etária dos bebês. Resultados: Do total de 621 bebês (310 meninos e 311 meninas, 45 (7,24 % apresentaram alguma alteração oral, com localização principalmente na maxila. O cisto de inclusão foi a alteração mais frequente (6,28 % dos bebês examinados. A faixa etária entre 0 e 3 meses de idade apresentou maior número de alterações. Conclusão: Alterações congênitas ou de desenvolvimento não são ocorrências incomuns em bebês até 6 meses de idade, embora a prevalência relatada na literatura seja bastante variável. Há necessidade de estudos adicionais sobre as causas e os fatores de risco para o surgimento dessas alterações

Desprendimiento seroso macular asociado a foseta papilar congénita y coloboma de papila: ¿Qué opciones terapéuticas tenemos?

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Caridad Chiang Rodríguez

Full Text Available La foseta papilar es una rara anomalía congénita que forma parte del espectro de las anormalidades congénitas del disco óptico. Se trata de invaginaciones intrapapilares que suelen localizarse en el margen del disco óptico. La mayoría se localiza a nivel temporal; en torno al 20 % son de localización central seguidas por las fosetas superiores, inferiores o nasales. La bilateralidad se estima en un 10-15 % y su incidencia se ha establecido en torno al 0,19 %. Suelen ser asintomáticas, aunque en aproximadamente el 50 % de los casos se produce afectación macular por el paso de fluido procedente desde la foseta papilar hacia las diferentes capas retinianas, lo que afecta secundariamente la agudeza visual y es, por tanto, el motivo de consulta. Hasta el momento se han descrito múltiples alternativas terapéuticas para el tratamiento de los desprendimientos de retina serosos asociados a foseta de papila, pero ninguna de estas alternativas se ha impuesto sobre el resto. El tratamiento de esta enfermedad consiste en cerrar la comunicación entre la foseta y el espacio subretiniano con diversas opciones terapéuticas como: la fotocoagulación láser, la neumoretinopexia, la indentación escleral posterior, la fenestración del nervio óptico, la vitrectomía o alguna combinación de las anteriores. La actual revisión bibliográfica se propone profundizar en el tema, sobre la base de pacientes en consulta con dicha afección retiniana.

Hemangioma congénito rapidamente involutivo – um diagnóstico infrequente

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Andreia Alves Martins

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Os hemangiomas congénitos rapidamente involutivos (RICH são tumores vasculares raros, que se caraterizam por um desenvolvimento completo ao nascimento e por uma regressão, habitualmente total e espontânea, entre seis a dezoito meses. O diagnóstico é clínico, por vezes auxiliado por exames de imagem e biópsia. Descreve-se o caso de um recém-nascido de termo, fruto de uma gestação vigiada com ecografias obstétricas sem alterações, que apresentava ao nascimento, na face anterior da coxa esquerda, uma massa de 5x4,5cm, mole, depressível, acinzentada, com algumas telangiectasias periféricas e halo periférico esbranquiçado, sem frémito palpável ou ulceração. Hemodinamicamente estável, sem trombocitopenia. A ecografia e a ressonância magnética apoiaram a suspeita clinica de RICH, que foi corroborada imunohistologicamente. Após 15 meses verificou- -se regressão espontânea e completa do tumor. O conhecimento da clínica, evolução e prognóstico deste raro hemangioma é fundamental para o diagnóstico e seguimento adequados, evitando intervenções desnecessárias, assim como para tranquilização dos cuidadores.

Father's involvement and its effect on early breastfeeding practices in Viet Nam.

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Bich, Tran Huu; Hoa, Dinh Thi Phuong; Ha, Nguyen Thanh; Vui, Le Thi; Nghia, Dang Thi; Målqvist, Mats

2016-10-01

Fathers have an important but often neglected role in the promotion of healthy breastfeeding practices in developing countries. A community-based education intervention was designed to mobilize fathers' support for early breastfeeding. This study aimed to evaluate an education intervention targeting fathers to increase the proportion of early breastfeeding initiation and to reduce prelacteal feeding. Quasi-experimental study design was used to compare intervention and control areas located in two non-adjacent rural districts that shared similar demographic and health service characteristics in northern Viet Nam. Fathers and expectant fathers with pregnant wives from 7 to 30 weeks gestational age were recruited. Fathers in the intervention area received breastfeeding education materials, counselling services at a commune health centre and household visits. They were also invited to participate in a breastfeeding promotion social event. After intervention, early breastfeeding initiation rate was 81.2% in the intervention area and 39.6% in the control area (P < 0.001). Babies in the intervention area were more likely to be breastfed within the first hour after birth [odds ratio (OR) 7.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.81-12.12] and not to receive any prelacteal feeding (OR 4.43, 95% CI 2.88-6.82) compared with those in the control area. Fathers may positively influence the breastfeeding practices of mothers, and as a resource for early childcare, they can be mobilized in programmes aimed at improving the early initiation of breastfeeding. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Detección de Treponema pallidum subespecie pallidum para el diagnóstico de sífilis congénita mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa anidada.

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Pinilla, Gladys; Campos, Lesly; Durán, Andrea; Navarrete, Jeannette; Muñoz, Liliana

2018-03-15

Introducción. La sífilis es una enfermedad producida por Treponema pallidum subespecie pallidum cuya incidencia mundial es de 12 millones de casos por año, aproximadamente; de estos, más de dos millones se presentan en mujeres gestantes, siendo la sífilis congénita la complicación más grave de esta infección en el embarazo.Objetivo. Detectar la presencia de T. pallidum subespecie pallidum en muestras clínicas para el diagnóstico de sífilis congénita mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) anidada y determinar su concordancia con las pruebas serológicas.Materiales y métodos. Mediante PCR convencional y anidada, se amplificaron tres genes diana (polA, 16S ADNr y TpN47) y se confirmaron los productos de amplificación de los genes TpN47 y polA por secuenciación. Las pruebas serológicas empleadas fueron la VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory), la de reagina plasmática rápida (Rapid Plasma Reagin, RPR) y la de aglutinación de partículas para Treponema pallidum (Treponema pallidum Particle Agglutination Assay, TPPA).Resultados. La sensibilidad para la PCR convencional fue de 52 pg y, para la PCR anidada, de 0,52 pg. La especificidad con los iniciadores TpN47 y polA fue de 100 %; los resultados de la secuenciación mostraron una identidad de 97 % con T. pallidum. En 70 % de las muestras, los resultados de las pruebas serológicas y la PCR anidada concordaron.Conclusión. El gen TpN47 resultó ser el mejor blanco molecular para la identificación de T. pallidum. La PCR anidada se presenta como una alternativa de diagnóstico molecular promisoria para el diagnóstico de sífilis congénita.

The mangrove's contribution to people: Interdisciplinary pilot study of the Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve in Viet Nam

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Cormier-Salem, Marie-Christine; Van Trai, Nguyen; Burgos, Ariadna; Durand, Jean-Dominique; Bettarel, Yvan; Klein, Judith; Duc Huy, Hoang; Panfili, Jacques

2017-10-01

The main objective of this pilot study, conducted in June 2015 in the Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve (Can Gio MBR, Viet Nam), was to develop an interdisciplinary approach to assess some key services provided by reforested mangroves subject to external pressures and varying management policies. We focused on the abundance of viruses, bacteria, endo- and epi- and macrofauna and the diversity of crabs in the mangrove and the exploitation of its resources. The main social finding was that the local inhabitants are aware of the levels of protection of the different zones within the Can Gio MBR and respect them. The core and the buffer zones seem to present a similar ecological status. Genotyping showed a low level of crab diversity although there were many different morphotypes. In the future, we need to understand the stakeholders' general perception of the biodiversity and environment changes by developing an integrated, multi-scale approach.

Risk Behaviors for HIV and HCV Infection Among People Who Inject Drugs in Hai Phong, Viet Nam, 2014.

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Duong, Huong Thi; Jarlais, Don Des; Khuat, Oanh Hai Thi; Arasteh, Kamyar; Feelemyer, Jonathan; Khue, Pham Minh; Giang, Hoang Thi; Laureillard, Didier; Hai, Vinh Vu; Vallo, Roselyne; Michel, Laurent; Moles, Jean Pierre; Nagot, Nicolas

2017-06-13

We examined the potential for HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) transmission across persons who inject drugs (PWID), men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) and female commercial sex workers (CSW) PWID and the potential for sexual transmission of HIV from PWID to the general population in Hai Phong, Viet Nam. Using respondent driven and convenience sampling we recruited 603 participants in 2014. All participants used heroin; 24% used non-injected methamphetamine. HIV prevalence was 25%; HCV prevalence was 67%. HIV infection was associated with HCV prevalence and both infections were associated with length of injecting career. Reported injecting risk behaviors were low; unsafe sexual behavior was high among MSM-PWID and CSW-PWID. There is strong possibility of sexual transmission to primary partners facilitated by methamphetamine use. We would suggest future HIV prevention programs utilize multiple interventions including "treatment as prevention" to potential sexual transmission of HIV among MSM and CSW-PWID and from PWID to the general population.

Hiperplasia supra-renal congênita por deficiência de 11-ß-hidroxilase Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency

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Ramires Tosatti Júnior

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem o objetivo de relatar o diagnóstico e a evolução clínica de um paciente de 15 anos portador de uma disfunção congênita da esteroideogênese adrenal, que pode apresentar-se como hipertensão arterial de diagnóstico muitas vezes tardio (adolescência, virilização ou formas perdedoras de sal (nascimento e infância.The objective of this article is to relate the diagnostic and clinical evolution of a 15 year old patient with a congenital adrenal steroidogenesis dysfunction that can present as hypertension diagnosed later in life (adolescence, virilization or salt wasting (birth and childhood.

Home-Based Care and Perceived Quality of Life Among People Living with HIV in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.

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Bui, Quyen Thi Tu; Brickley, Deborah Bain; Tieu, Van Thi Thu; Hills, Nancy K

2018-03-31

We conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the perceptions of quality of life among people living with HIV who received home-based care services administered through outpatient clinics in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Data were collected from a sample of 180 consecutively selected participants (86 cases, 94 controls) at four outpatient clinics, all of whom were on antiretroviral therapy. Quality of life was evaluated using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument. In adjusted analysis, those who received home-based care services had a quality of life score 4.08 points higher (on a scale of 100) than those who did not receive home-based care services (CI 95%, 2.32-5.85; p < 0.001). The findings suggest that home-based care is associated with higher self-perceptions of quality of life among people living with HIV.

A ventriculotomia apical esquerda para tratamento cirúrgico da estenose mitral congênita The surgical treatment of congenital mitral stenosis through a left ventriculotomy

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Miguel Barbero-Marcial

1991-12-01

Full Text Available Entre junho de 1987 e outubro de 1990, nove pacientes consecutivos, portadores de estenose mitral congênita (EMC foram submetidos a correção cirúrgica. Sete tinham valva mitral em paráquedas e dois, outras formas complexas de estenoses. Em todos, a via de abordagem foi a ventriculotomia apical esquerda, sendo dividido, primeiramente, o músculo papilar; depois, as cordas e, finalmente, as cúspides. As lesões associadas foram corrigidas prévia ou simultaneamente. Todos os pacientes tiveram boa evolução imediata. Houve um óbito tardio não relacionado. O estudo ecocardiográfico seriado pós-operatório mostrou adequada função ventricular esquerda. Conclui-se que esta via é de escolha para tratar lesões estenóticas congênitas complexas da valva mitral.From June 1987 to October 1990, nine patients with congenital mitral stenosis (CMS underwent surgical correction through an apical left ventriculotomy. Seven patients had parachute mitral valve and two had other forms of CMS. The surgical treatment of the mitral valve apparatus starts from below: first the papillary muscle is split and the cordae are divided and fenestrated. Then, the commissurotomies were performed through the ventricles aspect of the mitral valve. Associated anomalies were corrected simultaneously. There was no in-hospital death and only one late death (nonrelated. The echocardiography showed non significant residual stenosis and normal global function of the left ventricle. In conclusion, the appical left ventriculotomy is a good approach for treatment of CMS.

Análise dos casos de sífilis gestacional e congênita nos anos de 2008 a 2010 em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil

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Ana Rita Paulo Cardoso

Full Text Available Resumo O presente estudo analisa os casos notificados de sífilis em gestantes e os possíveis desfechos para o feto e o recém-nascido em Fortaleza, Ceará. Estudo transversal que analisou 175 casos notificados de sífilis em gestantes, pareados com as correspondentes notificações de sífilis congênita durante os anos de 2008 a 2010. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva com frequências absolutas e relativas, medidas de tendência central e dispersão e qui-quadrado de Pearson para analisar a significância estatística, utilizando o valor de p < 0,05. Foram analisadas variáveis sociodemográficas das gestantes/puérperas, da assistência prestada aos recém-nascidos e o desfecho dos casos. Os resultados mostraram a ocorrência da sífilis em mulheres jovens com mais de 85,0% de tratamentos inadequados, 62,9% dos parceiros sexuais não tratados ou com informação ignorada e percentuais elevados da não realização dos exames preconizados para a investigação de sífilis congênita nas crianças. Dentre os conceptos, cinco foram natimortos, um aborto e três óbitos neonatais. A falta de tratamento adequado dos casos de sífilis em gestantes pode estar associada à morbimortalidade dos conceptos, mantendo essa infecção como um fardo no rol dos problemas de saúde pública.

Protocolo de atención a niños y adolescentes con cardiopatía congénita en odontopediatría. Revision bibliográfica

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Juan Manuel de Jesús Cortes de la Torre; Raúl Arturo Cortes de la Torre; Laura Otilia Salazar; Alfredo Salazar de Santiago; Celia Elizabeth Luna Pacheco

2015-01-01

Introducción. Las cardiopatías congénitas son las malformaciones más habituales en el desarrollo de los niños los cuales, además, son susceptibles a desarrollar infecciones sistémicas microbianas secundarias a infecciones locales polimicrobianas como consecuencia de procedimientos dentales invasivos o toman fármacos, por ejemplo anti-coagulantes, antiarrítmicos, u otros, que pueden interferir con el manejo odontológico. Objetivo. Proponer un protocolo de manejo odontológico que permita detect...

Pesquisaje neonatal y selectivo para algunos errores congénitos del metabolismo en Villa Clara Neonatal and selective screening for some congenital errors of metabolism in Villa Clara

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Carmelo Gilberto Soto Villasante

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Los errores congénitos del metabolismo integran un grupo muy heterogéneo de enfermedades de causa genética que afectan fundamentalmente a la población infantil. El diagnóstico puede ser realizado en el período neonatal temprano o en los niños que tienen riesgos de padecer esta dolencia. En el trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos en nuestro laboratorio a lo largo de 15 años. Se investigaron 6 158 recién nacidos con el objeto de detectar galactosemia y deficiencia de biotinidasa. Se pensó que un niño tenía una variante de galactosemia conocida como variante Duarte. Se realizó un estudio selectivo de 920 niños con presuntos errores congénitos del metabolismo y se detectó un 3,36 % de casos positivos. Entre ellos, la enfermedad más frecuente fue la mucopolisacaridosis. Se evidenció que el empleo de la tecnología convencional con una buena cooperación del médico permite el diagnóstico de un elevado número de niños que padecen algún error congénito del metabolismo.The congenital errors of metabolism integrate a very heterogeneous group of diseases of genetic cause affecting mainly the infantile population. The diagnosis may be made in the early neonatal period or in children at risk for suffering from this disease. The results obtained in our lab during 15 years are presented in this paper. 6 159 newborns were studied in order to detect galactosemia and biotinidase deficiency. It was thought that a child had a variant of galactosemia known as Duarte. A selective study of 920 children with presumptive congenital errors of metabolism was conducted, and 3.36 % of positive cases were found. The most frequent disease among them was mucopolysacharidosis. It was proved that the use of the conventional technology and a good cooperation of the physician allowed to make the diagnosis in a great number of children with some congenital error of metabolism.

Avaliação da deglutição em lactentes com cardiopatia congênita e síndrome de Down: estudo de casos

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Fraga, Deborah Fick Böhm; Pereira, Karine da Rosa; Dornelles, Sílvia; Olchik, Maira Rosenfeld; Levy, Deborah Salle

2015-01-01

O presente estudo teve por objetivo realizar avaliação fonoaudiológica da deglutição em lactentes com diagnóstico de síndrome de Down e cardiopatia congênita (DSAV tipo A de Rastelli) internados na unidade 2A e Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Pediátrica da instituição de origem, com suspeita de dificuldade de deglutição, encaminhados ao serviço de fonoaudiologia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo-qualitativo, nessa foi possível avaliar dois lactentes durante o período de janeiro ...

Application of groundwater sustainability indicators to the Upper Pliocene aquifer in Ho Chi Minh city, Viet Nam

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Ngo, T. M.; Lee, J.; Lee, H.; Woo, N. C.

2013-12-01

Groundwater plays an importance role for domestic, industrial, and agricultural uses in Ho Chi Minh city, Viet Nam. This study is objected to evaluate the sustainability of groundwater by using groundwater sustainability indicators (GWSIs) defined by UNESCO/IAEA/IAH Working Group on Groundwater Indicators at aquifer scale (the Upper Pliocene aquifer). There are four main indicators selected and one new indicator designed for the particular characteristic of Ho Chi Minh city which is under influence of by saline-water intrusion. The results indicated groundwater of the Upper Pliocene aquifer, the main groundwater supply source, is generally in the unsustainable state. The abstraction of groundwater, which was much greater than its capability, is probably causing the serious state of annual groundwater depletion and saline-water intrusion. The GWSIs, which expressed in such a simple way but scientifically-based and policy-relevant, proved its usefulness in evaluating the sustainability of groundwater at the aquifer scale in Ho Chi Minh city, and subsequently should be incorporated in water resource management practices.

Synthèse de la recherche sur les moyens de subsistance pouvant ...

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Country(s). Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, India, Lebanon, Malawi, Viet Nam ... IDRC invests in research and knowledge to empower women in India. IDRC is ... Birth registration is the basis for advancing gender equality and children's rights.

Perfil de adolescentes e adultos portadores de cardiopatia congênita atendidos em ambulatório da especialidade no Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba

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Jéssica Vasques Rodrigues Almenara

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Adolescentes e adultos portadores de cardiopatias congênitas têm hoje expectativa de vida crescente em todo o mundo, graças aos avanços da medicina no que diz respeito a novas técnicas cirúrgicas ou métodos para diagnóstico precoce; Objetivos: Caracterizar o perfil de adolescentes e adultos portadores de cardiopatias congênitas atendidos no ambulatório de Cardiologia Pediátrica do CHS, por período de 10 meses, e estimular criação de ambulatório para seu atendimento especializado; Metodologia: Preenchimento, pelo pesquisador, de uma Ficha Clínica elaborada de acordo com itens considerados essenciais para descrição do perfil dos pacientes, durante entrevistas realizadas nos atendimentos, mediante assinatura do Termo de Consentimento pelo sujeito de pesquisa, e posteriormente, através de consulta aos prontuários. Resultados: Através de estatística descritiva, foram caracterizados perfis de 76 pacientes, com idades de 12 a 57 anos, média de 17 e mediana de 15. As cardiopatias mais frequentes foram comunicação interventricular (22,4% e estenose aórtica (17,1%. Concomitantemente, 76,3% dos entrevistados não apresentavam sintomas. Os pacientes foram agrupados de acordo com a classificação funcional N.Y.H.A, tendo predominado os da classe I (80,3%, e também categorizados quanto ao quadro evolutivo. Conclusões: A criação ambulatórios especializados para atender essa população pode proporcionar melhor prognóstico e tratamento, controle dos sintomas e melhora na qualidade de vida.

Adherencia de los profesionales al protocolo de manejo y red de apoyo familiar de sífilis gestacional y congénita

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Luz Myriam Tobón-Borrero

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la adherencia de los profesionales médicos y de enfermería al protocolo de sífilis congénita y gestacional implementado por el Ministerio de la Protección Social. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo longitudinal con una población de 215 gestantes y una muestra de 11 gestantes diagnosticadas con sífilis gestacional en 10 municipios de un departamento en Colombia entre febrero y abril de 2013. Se utilizaron como instrumentos el Familiograma, Faces III (Olson, Lista de chequeo protocolo. Medidas de tendencia central. Participación voluntaria bajo consentimiento informado. Resultados: la media poblacional es de 20 años, baja escolaridad, amas de casa, en unión libre, todas afiliadas a seguridad social. El 60% corresponde a familias nucleares, faces III: 50% familias equilibradas, 30% moderadas y 20% extremas. Protocolo: Una gestante no tuvo control prenatal, el 54,5% no registran factores de riesgo, 60,3% diagnosticadas en tercer trimestre, 36,3% de recién nacidos con sífilis congénita, no se registra seguimiento serológico, no hay registro educativo a la paciente ni a la pareja, no hay valoración de genitales ni piel en examen físico de las gestantes, atención a RN incompleta, tratamiento suministrado adecuado. Conclusiones: Predominio de las familias nucleares y equilibradas, con capacidad de aprender de las crisis. No hay adherencia total al protocolo, no hay seguimiento por parte de los profesionales que brindan atención y cuidado a la usuaria. Se evidencia falta de educación continua en el tema al profesional de enfermería como líder del proceso en la región.

Avaliação do tratamento cirúrgico da cardiopatia congênita em pacientes com idade superior a 16 anos

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Luiz Fernando Caneo

2012-05-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O número crescente de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas em evolução demanda maior preparo dos profissionais e das instituições que as manuseiam. OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil dos pacientes com idade superior a 16 anos com cardiopatia congênita operados e analisar os fatores de risco preditivos de mortalidade hospitalar. MÉTODOS: Mil, quinhentos e vinte pacientes (idade média 27 ± 13 anos foram operados entre janeiro de 1986 e dezembro de 2010. Foram realizadas análise descritiva do perfil epidemiológico da população estudada e análise dos fatores de risco para mortalidade hospitalar, considerando escore de complexidade, ano em que a cirurgia foi realizada, procedimento realizado pelo cirurgião pediátrico ou não e presença de reoperação. RESULTADOS: Ocorreu um crescimento expressivo no número de casos a partir do ano 2000. A média do escore de complexidade foi 5,4 e os defeitos septais corresponderam a 45% dos casos. A mortalidade geral foi 7,7% e o maior número de procedimentos (973 ou 61,9% com maior complexidade foi realizado por cirurgiões pediátricos. Complexidade (OR 1,5, reoperação (OR 2,17 e cirurgião pediátrico (OR 0,28 foram fatores de risco independentes que influenciaram a mortalidade. A análise multivariada mostrou que o ano em que a cirurgia foi realizada (OR 1,03, a complexidade (OR 1,44 e o cirurgião pediátrico (OR 0,28 influenciaram no resultado. CONCLUSÃO: Observa-se um número crescente de pacientes com idade superior a 16 anos e que, apesar do grande número de casos simples, os mais complexos foram encaminhados para os cirurgiões pediátricos, que apresentaram menor mortalidade, em especial nos anos mais recentes. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2012; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0

Transição para a parentalidade no contexto de cardiopatia congênita do bebê

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Cristina Saling Kruel

Full Text Available O estudo objetivou investigar o processo de transição para a parentalidade no contexto de cardiopatia congênita do bebê. Participaram do estudo quatro casais, cujos filhos nasceram com malformação cardíaca. Utilizou-se delineamento de estudo de caso coletivo. Mãe e pai foram entrevistados sobre os primeiros momentos após o nascimento do bebê e a experiência da maternidade e da paternidade, respectivamente. Análise de conteúdo indicou que o diagnóstico de cardiopatia do bebê interfere no processo de parentalização. Destacou-se a intensa preocupação das mães com a sobrevivência dos bebês, evidenciada por meio da dedicação exclusiva a eles. Os pais demonstram-se envolvidos com seus filhos, assumindo também a tarefa de proteger as mães. Conclui-se que os sentimentos relativos à parentalidade focalizaram-se na sobrevivência do bebê.

Analyzing Drought Adaptation Practices of Sugarcane Growers in Thanh Cong, Thach Thanh District, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam

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Nguyen, GTH.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available To understand drought adaptation practices, we compared two groups of sugarcane growers in Thanh Cong commune, Thach Thanh district, Thanh Hoa province in Vietnam. Results of this study point out that farmers, depending on their preferred type of market channels, reacted differently to the impacts of drought. Contractual farmers paid more attention to the impact on sugarcane tillering and sugar content, while market-oriented farmers paid more attention to sugarcane colour, as this trait directly determined the market price on the cane that is either consumed as cane or as juice. In responding to water stress in the growing season, the open market-oriented farmers showed more flexibility in changing their cropping calendar. They were also more willing to invest in enhancing the water management system and in providing organic fertilizer than the contractual farmers. On the other hand, the low cane price and the harvesting date set in contract by the processing company lessened the contractual farmers' flexibility in investing in water management technologies; thus, hampering their adaptation to drought.

The Effect of Intermittent Antenatal Iron Supplementation on Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Rural Viet Nam: A Cluster Randomised Trial

Science.gov (United States)

Hanieh, Sarah; Ha, Tran T.; Simpson, Julie A.; Casey, Gerard J.; Khuong, Nguyen C.; Thoang, Dang D.; Thuy, Tran T.; Pasricha, Sant-Rayn; Tran, Thach D.; Tuan, Tran; Dwyer, Terence; Fisher, Jane; Biggs, Beverley-Ann

2013-01-01

Background Anemia affects over 500 million women, and in pregnancy is associated with impaired maternal and infant outcomes. Intermittent antenatal iron supplementation is an attractive alternative to daily dosing; however, the impact of this strategy on infant outcomes remains unclear. We compared the effect of intermittent antenatal iron supplementation with daily iron supplementation on maternal and infant outcomes in rural Viet Nam. Methods and Findings This cluster randomised trial was conducted in Ha Nam province, Viet Nam. 1,258 pregnant women (<16 wk gestation) in 104 communes were assigned to daily iron–folic acid (IFA), twice weekly IFA, or twice weekly multiple micronutrient (MMN) supplementation. Primary outcome was birth weight. Mean birth weight was 3,148 g (standard deviation 416). There was no difference in the birth weights of infants of women receiving twice weekly IFA compared to daily IFA (mean difference [MD] 28 g; 95% CI −22 to 78), or twice weekly MMN compared to daily IFA (MD −36.8 g; 95% CI −82 to 8.2). At 32 wk gestation, maternal ferritin was lower in women receiving twice weekly IFA compared to daily IFA (geometric mean ratio 0.73; 95% CI 0.67 to 0.80), and in women receiving twice weekly MMN compared to daily IFA (geometric mean ratio 0.62; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.68), but there was no difference in hemoglobin levels. Infants of mothers who received twice weekly IFA had higher cognitive scores at 6 mo of age compared to those who received daily IFA (MD 1.89; 95% CI 0.23 to 3.56). Conclusions Twice weekly antenatal IFA or MMN did not produce a clinically important difference in birth weight, when compared to daily IFA supplementation. The significant improvement in infant cognitive outcomes at 6 mo of age following twice weekly antenatal IFA requires further exploration, and provides additional support for the use of intermittent, rather than daily, antenatal IFA in populations with low rates of iron deficiency. Trial registration

Comparative Genomic Analysis for Genetic Variation in Sacbrood Virus of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera Honeybees From Different Regions of Vietnam.

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Reddy, Kondreddy Eswar; Thu, Ha Thi; Yoo, Mi Sun; Ramya, Mummadireddy; Reddy, Bheemireddy Anjana; Lien, Nguyen Thi Kim; Trang, Nguyen Thi Phuong; Duong, Bui Thi Thuy; Lee, Hyun-Jeong; Kang, Seung-Won; Quyen, Dong Van

2017-09-01

Sacbrood virus (SBV) is one of the most common viral infections of honeybees. The entire genome sequence for nine SBV infecting honeybees, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera, in Vietnam, namely AcSBV-Viet1, AcSBV-Viet2, AcSBV-Viet3, AmSBV-Viet4, AcSBV-Viet5, AmSBV-Viet6, AcSBV-Viet7, AcSBV-Viet8, and AcSBV-Viet9, was determined. These sequences were aligned with seven previously reported complete genome sequences of SBV from other countries, and various genomic regions were compared. The Vietnamese SBVs (VN-SBVs) shared 91-99% identity with each other, and shared 89-94% identity with strains from other countries. The open reading frames (ORFs) of the VN-SBV genomes differed greatly from those of SBVs from other countries, especially in their VP1 sequences. The AmSBV-Viet6 and AcSBV-Viet9 genome encodes 17 more amino acids within this region than the other VN-SBVs. In a phylogenetic analysis, the strains AmSBV-Viet4, AcSBV-Viet2, and AcSBV-Viet3 were clustered in group with AmSBV-UK, AmSBV-Kor21, and AmSBV-Kor19 strains. Whereas, the strains AmSBV-Viet6 and AcSBV-Viet7 clustered separately with the AcSBV strains from Korea and AcSBV-VietSBM2. And the strains AcSBV-Viet8, AcSBV-Viet1, AcSBV-Viet5, and AcSBV-Viet9 clustered with the AcSBV-India, AcSBV-Kor and AcSBV-VietSBM2. In a Simplot graph, the VN-SBVs diverged stronger in their ORF regions than in their 5' or 3' untranslated regions. The VN-SBVs possess genetic characteristics which are more similar to the Asian AcSBV strains than to AmSBV-UK strain. Taken together, our data indicate that host specificity, geographic distance, and viral cross-infections between different bee species may explain the genetic diversity among the VN-SBVs in A. cerana and A. mellifera and other SBV strains. © The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America.

Extending network approach to language dynamics and human cognition. Comment on "Approaching human language with complex networks" by Cong and Liu

Science.gov (United States)

Gong, Tao; Shuai, Lan; Wu, Yicheng

2014-12-01

By analyzing complex networks constructed from authentic language data, Cong and Liu [1] advance linguistics research into the big data era. The network approach has revealed many intrinsic generalities and crucial differences at both the macro and micro scales between human languages. The axiom behind this research is that language is a complex adaptive system [2]. Although many lexical, semantic, or syntactic features have been discovered by means of analyzing the static and dynamic linguistic networks of world languages, available network-based language studies have not explicitly addressed the evolutionary dynamics of language systems and the correlations between language and human cognition. This commentary aims to provide some insights on how to use the network approach to study these issues.

The Seroprevalence and Seroincidence of Enterovirus71 Infection in Infants and Children in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

Tran, Chau Bich Nguyen; Nguyen, Hieu Trong; Phan, Ha Thanh Thi; Tran, Ngoc Van; Wills, Bridget; Farrar, Jeremy; Santangelo, Joseph D.; Simmons, Cameron P.

2011-01-01

Enterovirus 71 (EV71)-associated hand, foot and mouth disease has emerged as a serious public health problem in South East Asia over the last decade. To better understand the prevalence of EV71 infection, we determined EV71 seroprevalence and seroincidence amongst healthy infants and children in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. In a cohort of 200 newborns, 55% of cord blood samples contained EV71 neutralizing antibodies and these decayed to undetectable levels by 6 months of age in 98% of infants. The EV71 neutralizing antibody seroconversion rate was 5.6% in the first year and 14% in the second year of life. In children 5–15 yrs of age, seroprevalence of EV71 neutralizing antibodies was 84% and in cord blood it was 55%. Taken together, these data suggest EV71 force of infection is high and highlights the need for more research into its epidemiology and pathogenesis in high disease burden countries. PMID:21765891

Estudio molecular en dos hermanas afectadas por ictiosis congénita autosómica recesiva : descripción de una nueva mutación causal en TGM1

OpenAIRE

Moreno Saboya, Meyid Bernardo

2016-01-01

Se describe la variante homocigota c.320-2A>G de TGM1 en dos hermanas con ictiosis congénita autosómica recesiva. El clonaje de los transcritos generados por esta variante permitió identificar tres mecanismos moleculares de splicing alternativos. The variant c.320-2A> G of TGM1 is described in two sisters with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. The cloning of the transcripts generated by this variant allowed the identification of three alternative molecular splicing mechanisms. ...

Abordagem ventilatória protetora no tratamento da hérnia diafragmática congênita Gentle ventilatory approach for the treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

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Felipe de Souza Rossi

2008-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a evolução de recém-nascidos com diagnóstico de hérnia diafragmática congênita admitidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de um hospital privado de nível terciário, no qual aplicou-se uma estratégia ventilatória protetora. MÉTODOS: Coorte histórica com análise de prontuários de pacientes portadores de hérnia diafragmática congênita, admitidos de junho de 2001 a julho de 2006. Avaliaram-se dados referentes ao recém-nascido (índices prognósticos antenatais, peso ao nascimento, idade gestacional, sexo, dados da reanimação e estabililização pré-operatória, cuidados pós-operatórios e taxa de sobrevida. RESULTADOS: Oito neonatos tiveram diagnóstico de hérnia diafragmática congênita. O peso variou entre 2,38 e 3,45kg e a idade gestacional, entre 36 e 39 semanas; cinco deles eram do sexo masculino. Todos foram intubados em sala de parto até o final do primeiro minuto de vida. A correção cirúrgica ocorreu entre o segundo e o sexto dias de vida e, em quatro pacientes, houve necessidade do uso de patch. Uma estratégia ventilatória protetora foi utilizada em seis neonatos, com dados gasométricos visando PaO2 pré-ductal normal e tolerando-se hipercapnia (PaCO2 50 a 60mmHg. A extubação ocorreu entre o primeiro e o 12ºdias do pós-operatório, com exceção de um paciente. Seis recém-nascidos receberam alta, em média, com 30 dias de vida (19 a 55 dias. A sobrevida foi de 75%. CONCLUSÕES: A sistematização do cuidado de pacientes com hérnia diafragmática congênita pode garantir, em nosso meio, uma sobrevida comparável aos principais centros mundiais que lidam com a doença.OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical evolution of newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia admitted to neoretal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary private hospital and treated with a gentle ventilatory approach. METHODS: Analysis of charts of patients born between June 2001 and July 2006. The following data

Tamizaje nacional unificado de hipotiroidismo congénito en el Perú: un programa inexistente

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Lina Huerta-Sáenz

Full Text Available El hipotiroidismo congénito (HC es la principal causa prevenible de retardo mental. La prevalencia de HC varía de acuerdo con la región geográfica y la población racial. En el hemisferio norte, la incidencia es 1:4000 recién nacidos vivos. En Latinoamérica, la incidencia varía debido a la heterogeneidad racial/étnica y al nivel de desarrollo. En el Perú, un estudio realizado en 1984 describió esta prevalencia como 1:1250. En el 2007, esta prevalencia fue reportada como 1:1638 por el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal. Un reciente estudio del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño durante 1995-2005, describió la edad promedio de diagnóstico de HC como 5,9 meses +/- 5,28. Esta tardía edad de diagnóstico sugiere la poca eficiencia de los actuales programas de tamizaje. Todo niño peruano tiene derecho a recibir diagnóstico oportuno y tratamiento de HC y es el Estado Peruano, el responsable principal de asegurar que esta meta se cumpla.

Duas crianças cegas congênitas no primeiro ciclo da escola regular Two congenitally blind children in the first cycle of regular school

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Fernando Jorge Costa Figueiredo

2010-04-01

Full Text Available O estudo tem como objetivo investigar com maior profundidade a pesquisa sobre representação mental da realidade em crianças com cegueira congênita, comparando-as com crianças normovisuais no ensino básico da escola regular em Portugal. A partir de fundamentos teóricos, pretende-se analisar as diferentes crianças ao longo do tempo, bem como a sociedade atual perante as crianças diferentes. Foram feitos dois estudos de caso, combinando dados de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa. A análise desses casos revela dois caminhos diferentes na integração de crianças com cegueira congênita no primeiro ciclo do ensino básico, sendo que essa diferenciação não resulta dos processos de adaptação ao aluno concreto numa perspectiva humanista e, sim, dos condicionamentos físicos (escolas e organizacionais (Educação Especial.This study aims to look in more detail into the mental representation of reality in congenitally blind children when compared with normal-sighted children in basic education in a regular school in Portugal. Starting with the theoretical fundamentals, its intention is to analyze different children over time as well as the current society, vis-à-vis these children. We undertook two case studies and combined quantitative and qualitative data. The analysis of these cases reveals two different paths in the integration of the congenitally blind children, a differentiation that does not result from processes of adapting to the specific child from a humanistic perspective, but rather from the physical (schools and organizational (Special Education conditions.

Presentación de un caso de hemidisplasia congénita con ictiosis eritrodérmica Report of a congenital hemidysplasia with erythrodermic ichthyosis

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Andrés A. Morilla Guzmán

2008-09-01

Full Text Available La hemidisplasia congénita con ictiosis y defectos de las extremidades es una enfermedad infrecuente, hereditaria, monogénica, que se transmite como un rasgo dominante ligado al cromosoma X. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con este diagnóstico clínico neonatal, que presentaba eritrodermia ictiosiforme en el hemicuerpo derecho, acompañada de hipomelia del miembro superior e inferior derechos, defectos óseos en miembros afectados y columna vertebral, agenesia renal unilateral, cardiopatía congénita de tipo comunicación interventricular conoventricular y arteria umbilical única. Se realizaron las interconsultas necesarias, estudios sonográficos y radiológicos para completar el diagnóstico y se ofreció asesoramiento genético y seguimiento del caso según las complicaciones reportadas en la literatura médica y los hallazgos clínicos de la paciente.Congenital hemidysplasia with icthyosis and limb defects is a hereditary, monogenic and infrequent disease transmitted as a dominant trait linked to the X chromosome. The case of a female patient with this neonatal clinical diagnosis showing ichthyosiform erythroderma on the right hemibody, accompanied with hypomelia of the right upper and lower limbs, bone defects in the affected limbs and spinal column, unilateral renal agenesia, congenital heart disease with inter- and conoventricular communication, and a unique umbilical artery was reported. The necessary inter-consultations were arranged and sonographic and radiological studies were conducted to complete the diagnosis. Genetic counselling was given and the case was followed up according to the complications reported in medical literature, and to the clinical findings of the patient.

Prevalencia de la desviación vertical disociada en pacientes con estrabismo secundario a mala visión versus estrabismo congénito con ambliopía

OpenAIRE

Pérez Pérez, José Fernando; Guido Jiménez, Marilú Anahí; Arroyo Yllanes, María Estela

2015-01-01

La desviación vertical disociada (DVD) se asocia a endotropía congénita; también se ha descrito en otros tipos de estrabismo como los secundarios. Objetivo: Establecer la frecuencia de DVD en pacientes con estrabismo secundario a mala visión. Material y método: Estudio prospectivo que incluyó a pacientes con estrabismo secundario a mala visión y como grupo control a pacientes con estrabismo y ambliopía estrábica profunda. Resultados: Se incluyeron 57 pacientes, el 77% fueron mujeres....

Atuação da fisioterapia aquática funcional no deslocamento na postura sentada na amioplasia congênita: estudo de caso = Performance of functional aquatic physical therapy on shift in sitting posture in congenital amyoplasia: case study

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Panisson, Renata D`Agostini Nicolini

2014-01-01

Conclusões: Verificaram-se resultados positivos após o programa de fisioterapia aquática aplicada a essa paciente com amioplasia congênita. Observou-se evolução no controle de tronco, melhorando sua estabilidade e repercutindo em sua funcionalidade, com aumento da velocidade no arrastar na postura sentada

Pseudartrose congênita de clavícula Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle

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Marina Juliana Pita Sassioto Silveira de Figueiredo

2012-02-01

Full Text Available A pseudartrose congênita de clavícula (PCC é uma afecção rara, que representa um distúrbio na união dos núcleos de ossificação e que pode ser diagnosticada ao nascimento. É mais comum em meninas e do lado direito. Este trabalho tem por objetivo proceder a uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, em pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados LILACS e MEDLINE. Foram encontrados 56 artigos publicados até a corrente data. Apesar de pouco frequente, a PCC não deve ser desconhecida ou mesmo esquecida, especialmente como diagnóstico diferencial com a fratura aguda da clavícula por distocia de parto e/ou tocotraumatismo. O diagnóstico é relativamente fácil e o tratamento pode ser apenas expectante ou até mesmo cirúrgico.Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle (PCC is a rare affection, that can be diagnosed at birth and represent a disturbance of union of the ossification centers. It's more common in girls and in the right side. This study objectives to proceed a revision about the subject, that was searched in online database of LILACS and MEDLINE. We found 56 articles till present data. Besides be a bit infrequent, the PCC must not be missed or even forgotten, especially as differential diagnosis with acute fracture of the clavicle at birth by trauma in the childbirth. The diagnostic is relatively easy and the treatment can be just observation or even surgical.

Discovery of the fossiliferous Cu Brei Formation (Lower Devonian) in the Kon Tum Block (South Viet Nam)

Science.gov (United States)

Thanh, Tong-Dzuy; Duyen, Than Duc; Hung, Nguyen Huu; My, Bui Phu

2007-01-01

Lower Devonian corals and stromatoporoids have recently been discovered in limestones among low grade metamorphic rocks on the western margin of the Kon Tum Block (South Viet Nam). This unit has been identified as the Cu Brei Formation. Coral and stromatoporoid species have been described including Squameofavosites aff. spongiosus, Parallelostroma cf. multicolumnum, Amphipora cf. rasilis, A. cf. raritalis, Simplexodictyon cf. artyschtense, Stromatopora cf. boriarchinovi and Stromatopora sp. indet. The Cu Brei Formation is exposed in a small area 6 km in length and 3 km wide at the foot of Cu Brei Mountain (Sa Thay District, Kon Tum Province). As this formation is in marine shelf facies it is probable that further exposures of Lower Devonian sediments may be discovered in the Kon Tum Block. This discovery raises the question of the tectonic history of the metamorphic Kon Tum Block. It is possible that the block was not an area of positive uplift from the beginning of Paleozoic as has been supposed, but was submerged in a marine environment, at least on its outer margins, in the Devonian, and possibly even earlier, in Early Paleozoic.

Carcinoma bronquíolo-alveolar associado a malformação congénita das vias aéreas pulmonares em adolescente assintomático

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Francisco Abecasis

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A malformação congénita das vias aéreas pulmonares (CPAM é uma entidade rara com potencial de transformação maligna. Relata-se o caso de um rapaz de 14 anos, assintomático, referenciado à consulta após detecção de imagem nodular na base do pulmão direito num radiograma de tórax. A tomografia computorizada (TC mostrou, no pulmão direito, formação redonda de média densidade com centro cavitado. Após um ano de seguimento, mantinha-se assintomático, sendo a imagem radiológica sobreponível. Em conjunto com a equipa de cirurgia cardiotorácica foi decidido proceder a biópsia excisional. O exame histológico revelou um carcinoma bronquíolo-alveolar mucinoso associado a CPAM tipo 1. Perante este resultado, o doente foi submetido a lobectomia inferior direita. No exame histológico do restante lobo, não se identificou tumor ou malformação residuais. Mantém-se assintomático e sem complicações passados dois anos. Tanto quanto é do conhecimento dos autores, este é o primeiro caso desta rara associação em Portugal. Discute-se a abordagem de lesões quísticas em doentes assintomáticos.Rev Port Pneumol 2007; XIV (2: 285-290 Abstract: Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM is a rare entity with potential for malignant transformation. We describe the case of a fourteen-year-old boy evaluated for the presence of a nodular image on the right lung on the chest x-ray. Computerized Tomography (CT showed a round lesion of medium density with cavitation on the right lung. After one year of follow-up the patient was still asymptomatic and the image was similar. With the agreement of the cardiothoracic surgeons an excisional biopsy was performed. The histological examination revealed a mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma associated with a type 1 CPAM. The patient was then submitted to right inferior lobectomy. After two years follow-up he is asymptomatic and free of complications. To the authors best knowledge this

Sífilis congênita simulando a síndrome da criança espancada: relato de caso Congenital syphilis mimicking battered child syndrome: case report

OpenAIRE

Beatriz Regina Alvares; Maria Aparecida M.S. Mezzacappa; Cláudia Braga Poterio

2002-01-01

As autoras descrevem os achados radiológicos dos ossos longos de um recém-nascido com diagnóstico confirmado de sífilis congênita, enfatizando o diagnóstico diferencial com a síndrome da criança espancada. É apresentada a evolução radiológica das lesões nos ossos longos, do nascimento até o quarto mês de vida. Os dados clínicos e laboratoriais do recém-nascido, as radiografias anteriores e os achados radiológicos característicos da doença de base foram essenciais para o diagnóstico desta doen...

Breeding for high N2 fixation in groundnut and soybean in Viet Nam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nguyen Xuan Hong

1998-01-01

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Mer.) are grown mainly on two types of soil in Viet Nam: coastal-sandy and upland-degraded soils. These soils are deficient in N, and considering that fertilizer N is not only costly to farmers but also a threat to the environment, it is important to maximize productivity by exploiting the ability of these legumes to fix N 2 symbiotically in their root nodules. We initiated programmes of breeding and selection to combine high N 2 fixation and high grain-yielding capacity. In the spring of 1992, breeding lines of groundnut and soybean were tested under greenhouse conditions for varietal differences in the capacity to fix N 2 using the acetylene reduction assay and the 15 N-dilution technique, with upland rice as reference plants. Varietal differences were found in nitrogenase activity, and percent N derived from fixation (%Ndfa) ranged from 11 to 63% for groundnut and from 9 to 79% for soybean. Field experiments in the autumn-winter season of 1992 again revealed significant varietal differences; %Ndfa ranged from 36 to 56% for groundnut and from 28 to 58% for soybean. Gamma-irradiated seeds of soybean were propagated in bulk from M 1 to M 4 . Five high-yielding mutant lines of both species were selected from the M 5 populations, and N 2 fixation was estimated using the 15 N-dilution technique. The average values for %Ndfa of the mutants were 55 and 57%, significant improvements over the parent-cultivar values of 25 and 29% for soybean and groundnut, respectively

Evaluation of mobile digital light-emitting diode fluorescence microscopy in Hanoi, Viet Nam.

Science.gov (United States)

Chaisson, L H; Reber, C; Phan, H; Switz, N; Nilsson, L M; Myers, F; Nhung, N V; Luu, L; Pham, T; Vu, C; Nguyen, H; Nguyen, A; Dinh, T; Nahid, P; Fletcher, D A; Cattamanchi, A

2015-09-01

Hanoi Lung Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam. To compare the accuracy of CellScopeTB, a manually operated mobile digital fluorescence microscope, with conventional microscopy techniques. Patients referred for sputum smear microscopy to the Hanoi Lung Hospital from May to September 2013 were included. Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) smear microscopy, conventional light-emitting diode (LED) fluorescence microscopy (FM), CellScopeTB-based LED FM and Xpert(®) MTB/RIF were performed on sputum samples. The sensitivity and specificity of microscopy techniques were determined in reference to Xpert results, and differences were compared using McNemar's paired test of proportions. Of 326 patients enrolled, 93 (28.5%) were Xpert-positive for TB. The sensitivity of ZN microscopy, conventional LED FM, and CellScopeTB-based LED FM was respectively 37.6% (95%CI 27.8-48.3), 41.9% (95%CI 31.8-52.6), and 35.5% (95%CI 25.8-46.1). The sensitivity of CellScopeTB was similar to that of conventional LED FM (difference -6.5%, 95%CI -18.2 to 5.3, P = 0.33) and ZN microscopy (difference -2.2%, 95%CI -9.2 to 4.9, P = 0.73). The specificity was >99% for all three techniques. CellScopeTB performed similarly to conventional microscopy techniques in the hands of experienced TB microscopists. However, the sensitivity of all sputum microscopy techniques was low. Options enabled by digital microscopy, such as automated imaging with real-time computerized analysis, should be explored to increase sensitivity.

Sinais ultra-sonográficos em fetos portadores de toxoplasmose congênita Ultrasonographic markers for fetal congenital toxoplasmosis

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Júlio César de Faria Couto

2004-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: descrever as alterações ultra-sonográficas em fetos com toxoplasmose congênita, correlacionando-as com o prognóstico neonatal. MÉTODOS: entre junho de 1997 e maio de 2003 foram examinadas 150 gestantes com suspeita de toxoplasmose. A infecção aguda foi confirmada em 72 (48% gestantes e a toxoplasmose congênita foi diagnosticada em 12 (16% fetos. O diagnóstico pré-natal foi realizado pela reação em cadeia da polimerase no líquido amniótico. Todas as pacientes receberam terapia antiparasitária. O acompanhamento ultra-sonográfico foi quinzenal e todos os recém-nascidos foram acompanhados no primeiro ano de vida. RESULTADOS: as alterações ultra-sonográficas foram observadas em oito fetos. Todos apresentavam dilatação ventricular bilateral, associada a calcificações periventriculares em cinco casos. Outras alterações como calcificação hepática, hepatomegalia, poliidrâmnio e derrame pericárdico foram menos freqüentes. Dentre esses fetos, quatro foram neomortos e três apresentaram seqüelas (coriorretinite e retardo neuropsicomotor. Os quatro fetos com ultra-sonografia normal evoluíram satisfatoriamente. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se elevada incidência de alterações ultra-sonográficas nos fetos com toxoplasmose congênita, principalmente cerebrais. Outras alterações como hepatomegalia e derrame pericárdio são menos freqüentes e traduzem infecção sistêmica. O prognóstico dos fetos parece correlacionar-se com a presença de lesões ultra-sonográficas, uma vez que nesse grupo de fetos observou-se alta mortalidade e entre os sobreviventes a incidência de seqüelas foi importante. Os fetos sem alterações ultra-sonográficas evoluíram de forma favorável, sem seqüelas de desenvolvimento. Esses resultados destacam a importância da ultra-sonografia no acompanhamento desses fetos, a fim de se estabelecer um prognóstico e permitir a elaboração de conduta pós-natal adequada.OBJECTIVE: to describe

Enfermedades congénitas de la coagulación y manejo en Odontopediatría

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Juan Manuel-Cortes-Ramírez

2012-02-01

Full Text Available El revisar un paciente en odontopediatría con hematomas y hemorragias es frecuente. El diagnóstico y el tratamiento dependen del conocimiento de los mecanismos normales de la hemostasia y de los laboratorios que los analizan1. Las manipulaciones en la cavidad bucal, máxime aquellas con extravasación de sangre, son un riesgo para los pacientes con trastornos de la coagulación, la prevención es la forma de evitar complicaciones, para ello debe disponer: de una historia clínica con énfasis en antecedentes personales y familiares de problemas hemorrágicos y del conocimiento de las patologías más frecuentes que lo originan así como su manejo2. Las hemorragias menores, son por factores locales, las graves por trastornos sistémicos de la hemostasia, como las coagulopatias congénitas2, grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades secundarias a alteraciones de las proteínas plasmáticas de la hemostasia primaria (ejemplo factor de von Willebrand, de la coagulación o de la fibrinólisis, defecto de un factor o combinación de 2 o más. Esta revisión se propone responder a estas interrogantes.

Anormalidades cromossômicas entre pacientes com cardiopatia congênita

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Patrícia Trevisan

2013-12-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: As anormalidades cromossômicas (ACs representam importante causa de cardiopatia congênita (CC. OBJETIVO: Determinar a frequência, os tipos e as características clínicas de ACs identificadas em uma amostra prospectiva e consecutiva de pacientes com CC. MÉTODO: Nossa amostra foi composta por pacientes com CC avaliados em sua primeira hospitalização em uma unidade cardíaca de tratamento intensivo de um hospital pediátrico de referência do sul do Brasil. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação clínica e citogenética, através do cariótipo de alta resolução. Os defeitos cardíacos foram classificados segundo Botto e cols. Na análise estatística utilizou-se o qui-quadrado, o teste exato de Fisher e odds ratio (p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Nossa amostra foi composta de 298 pacientes, 53,4% do sexo masculino, com idades variando de um dia a 14 anos. Anormalidades cromossômicas foram observadas em 50 pacientes (16,8%, sendo que 49 deles eram sindrômicos. Quanto às ACs, 44 delas (88% eram numéricas (40 pacientes com +21, dois com +18, um com triplo X e um com 45,X e seis (12% estruturais [dois pacientes com der(14;21, +21, um com i(21q, um com dup(17p, um com del(6p e um com add(18p]. O grupo de CCs mais associado a ACs foi o do defeito de septo atrioventricular. CONCLUSÕES: ACs detectadas pelo cariótipo são frequentes entre pacientes com CC. Assim, os profissionais - especialmente aqueles que trabalham em serviços de cardiologia pediátrica - devem estar cientes das implicações que a realização do cariótipo pode trazer, tanto para o diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico desses pacientes como para o seu aconselhamento genético.

Cirugía de pacientes con cardiopatía congénita en España en el período 2012-2016: registro de intervenciones de la Sociedad Española de Cirugía Torácica-Cardiovascular

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Luz Polo López

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Resumen: La Sociedad Española de Cirugía Torácica-Cardiovascular presenta los resultados de actividad en cirugía cardiovascular sobre pacientes con cardiopatía congénita correspondientes al período 2012-2016 basado en un registro voluntario y anónimo de los centros españoles. Este artículo es complementario al registro general del año 2016 y ambos se publican conjuntamente. Mostramos datos de los últimos 5 años, coincidiendo con la fecha en que realizamos la última modificación del registro, para obtener una información más real de nuestra actividad en estas patologías relativamente infrecuentes. En el último quinquenio se realizaron un total de 10.863 cirugías en cardiopatías congénitas, que suponen un 10% de la cirugía mayor (congénita + adquirida realizada en nuestro país durante ese tiempo. De estas 10.863 cirugías, el 79% se hizo con circulación extracorpórea y el 21% sin ella. Destacan las intervenciones en 2 franjas etarias, ya que tanto la cirugía neonatal como la del paciente adulto suponen respectivamente un 19% del total de esta actividad. Las cirugías más prevalentes de cardiopatías congénitas las constituyen los defectos septales en los casos que requieren circulación extracorpórea y los ductus en pacientes operados sin circulación extracorpórea. Presentamos los datos ajustados a la escala Aristóteles básico de riesgo quirúrgico preoperatorio. La mortalidad observada en cirugías con circulación extracorpórea fue 3,21% (Aristóteles 7% y en cirugías sin circulación extracorpórea 2,24% (Aristóteles 4,57%. Este análisis de datos muestra información precisa y fiable de nuestra actividad quirúrgica en cardiopatías congénitas y permite compararnos dentro de un marco internacional para organizar estrategias de mejora de nuestros resultados. Abstract: The Spanish Society of Thoracic-Cardiovascular Surgery presents the 2012-2016 report of the activity in congenital cardiovascular surgery

Atención sostenida en niños en edad escolar con hipotiroidismo congénito Sustained attention in school aged children with congenital hypothyroidism

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Ana Olivares Torres

2004-08-01

Full Text Available Los programas de diagnóstico precoz de hipotiroidismo congénito han demostrado la eficaz prevención del retraso mental. El problema científico actual consiste en la identificación de trastornos cognitivos sutiles que persisten a pesar del tratamiento precoz. Resulta favorable contar con procedimientos diagnósticos específicos diseñados para esto. Diferentes métodos indirectos sugieren que aunque se tengan cocientes de inteligencia dentro de rangos normales, el proceso de mantener la atención durante un intervalo de tiempo prolongado en estos niños se encuentra ligeramente comprometido. Este estudio tiene el objetivo de validar la eficiencia de una batería computadorizada SESH 1.O (sistema para evaluación y seguimiento de pacientes hipotiroideos para la detección de trastornos en niños con hipotiroidismo congénito (HC. Se estudiaron 3 grupos de niños: trastornos del aprendizaje (TA, hipotiroidismo congénito (HC y controles sanos (CS. Los resultados muestran que los valores de los niños del grupo HC se mantienen en un nivel intermedio entre los CS y los TA, lo que se interpreta como la existencia de un déficit subclínico en la atención sostenida. La capacidad discriminatoria del software empleado permite su incorporación inmediata a la práctica clínica del programa nacional de diagnóstico precoz de HC como un medio complementario de alta utilidad.The programs of early diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism have proved the efficient prevention of mental retardation. The current scientific problem is the identification of subtle cognitive disorders persisting in spite of early treatment. It is convenient to have specific diagnostic procedures designed to this end. Different indirect methods suggest that even with intelligence quotients within the normal ranges, the process of maintaining attention during a prolonged time in these children is mildly compromised. This study is aimed at validating the efficiency of a SESH 1

Miotonia congênita: relato de sete pacientes Congenital myotonia: report of seven patients

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Helga C. A. Azevedo

1996-12-01

Full Text Available Miotonia é o fenômeno da diminuição da velocidade de relaxamento muscular após contração, estímulo mecânico ou elétrico. As miotonias congênitas são afecções hereditárias e não apresentam distrofia muscular. Atualmente, a tendência é agrupá-las como doenças de canais iônicos, juntamente com as paralisias periódicas. Foram acompanhados sete pacientes, seis do sexo masculino e um do sexo feminino, com idade entre 16 e 48 anos (média 27 anos e início dos sintomas entre 1 e 10 anos (média S anos, que apresentavam fenômeno miotônico desencadeado por contração intensa e hipertrofia muscular global. Três pacientes foram diagnosticados como miotonia generalizada tipo Becker por apresentarem herança autossômica recessiva e/ou episódios transitórios de fraqueza muscular. Dois pacientes correspondiam à miotonia congênita de Thomsen, com padrão de herança autossômica dominante e/ou ausência de episódios de fraqueza ou fatores de piora. Dois pacientes apresentavam miotonia flutuante, piorando com o frio e/ou ingestão de potássio. O diagnóstico clínico foi confirmado através de exames complementares (eletroneuromiografia, biópsia muscular e estudo do DNA. Cada paciente fez uso de diferentes drogas, no sentido de procurar o máximo de melhora da miotonia. Houve cinco relatos de melhora com difenil-hidantoína, um com carbamazepina, três com acetazolamida, um com bloqueador de canal de cálcio, um com beta-adrenérgico, um com tiazídico e nenhum com quinidina/procainamida.Myotonia is the phenomenon of decrease of muscular relaxation rate, after either a contraction or a mechanical or electrical stimulus. Congenital myotonias are hereditary affections and do not present muscular dystrophy. The current trend is to group them as ionic channels diseases, together with the periodic paralysis.The authors accompanied the cases of seven patients, six males and one female, with ages ranging from 16 to 48 years (average 27

Evolution of nursing diagnoses for children with congenital heart disease Evolución de los diagnósticos enfermeros de niños con cardiopatías congénitas Evolução dos diagnósticos de enfermagem de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas

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Viviane Martins da Silva

2006-08-01

Full Text Available We aimed to describe the evolution in nursing diagnoses for children with congenital heart disease. This longitudinal study was carried out from July to November of 2004. The sample consisted of 45 children interned in a public hospital in Fortaleza, Brazil, followed during fifteen days. In this period, we accomplished six diagnostic evaluations and found 21 nursing diagnoses. Six of these showed greater oscillations in their occurrence over time: Ineffective breathing pattern, Activity intolerance, Ineffective airway clearance, Hyperthermia, Sleep pattern disturbance, Risk for activity intolerance. Five parametric models were constructed in the time domain, with a view to predicting the occurrence of the nursing diagnoses. Knowledge about the temporal evolution in individuals' responses can guide nursing care towards the client's real needs.Se objetivó describir la evolución de los diagnósticos enfermeros en niños portadores de cardiopatías congénitas. Estudio longitudinal desarrollado en los meses de julio a noviembre del 2004. La muestra fue compuesta por 45 niños ingresados en un hospital de la red pública del municipio de Fortaleza, Brasil, acompañados durante quince días de internamiento. En el período, llevamos a cabo seis evaluaciones diagnósticas, encontrando 21 diagnósticos enfermeros. Entre los diagnósticos, seis evidenciaron mayores oscilaciones en sus trayectorias de ocurrencia en el tiempo: Patrón respiratorio ineficaz, Intolerancia a la actividad, Limpieza ineficaz de las vías aéreas, Hipertermia, Deterioro del patrón de sueño y Riesgo de intolerancia a la actividad. Se construyeron cinco modelos paramétricos en el dominio del tiempo, con vistas a predecir la ocurrencia de esos diagnósticos enfermeros. Concluimos que el conocimiento de la evolución temporal de las respuestas del individuo puede dirigir los cuidados de enfermería para las reales necesidades del cliente.Objetivou-se descrever a evolução dos

Amblyopia after unilateral infantile cataract extraction after six weeks of age Ambliopia no pós-operatório de catarata congênita unilateral operada após seis semanas de vida

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Fábio Ejzenbaum

2009-10-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To determine interocular grating acuity difference in children treated for unilateral infantile cataract. METHODS: A group of 27 children previously treated for unilateral infantile cataract, had their monocular visual acuity measured by sweep visual evoked potentials. Interocular grating acuity difference was calculated as the absolute subtraction of monocular acuity scores. Lens status, opacity severity and eye alignment were considered for analysis. RESULTS: Mean interocular grating acuity difference obtained from unilateral cataract patients was 0.58 ± 0.20 logMAR. This result was significantly larger than 0.10 logMAR used as normative data. Children with severe opacities had a more pronounced amblyopia than the moderate ones. No significant correlation between amblyopia and strabismus or aphakia was found. CONCLUSIONS: Interocular acuity difference in this group of unilateral congenital cataract was more pronounced than previous reports, mainly because of delay in diagnosis, surgery and optical correction.OBJETIVOS: Determinar a diferença interocular da acuidade visual de resolução de grades em crianças operadas de catarata congênita unilateral. MÉTODOS: Um grupo de 27 pacientes operados de catarata congênita unilateral tiveram mensurada sua acuidade visual monocular pelo potencial visual evocado de varredura. A diferença interocular foi calculada pela subtração absoluta das acuidades monoculares. A intensidade da opacificação, implante ou não de lente intraocular e presença de estrabismo foram consideradas para análise. RESULTADOS: A média da diferença interocular foi de 0,58 ± 0,20 logMAR. Esse resultado foi significantemente maior que 0,10 logMAR, valor considerado como média normal nos estudos normativos. Crianças com opacidades intensas tiveram ambliopia mais pronunciada que os casos moderados. Não houve correlação significante entre a intensidade da ambliopia com estrabismo e afacia. CONCLUSÕES: A

Agreement of 2 October 1989 between the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the application of safeguards in connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1990-03-01

The document contains two parts. The first part stipulates the agreement of Viet Nam to accept safeguards on all source or special fissionable material in all peaceful nuclear activities within its territory, under its jurisdiction or carried out under its control anywhere, for the exclusive purpose of verifying that such material is not diverted to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices. The second part specifies the procedures to be applied in the implementation of the safeguards provisions of Part I

Malformaciones congénitas en hijos de madres epilépticas con y sin tratamiento con anticonvulsivantes Congenital malformations in the offspring of epileptic mothers with and without anticonvulsant treatment

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Jazmín Arteaga-Vázquez

2012-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar la frecuencia y tipo de malformaciones congénitas (MC en hijos de madres epilépticas (HME tratadas y no tratadas con anticonvulsivantes, la posible correlación anticonvulsivante/MC y la asociación con otras alteraciones del desarrollo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio multicéntrico de casos y controles en 166 recién nacidos vivos HME identificados en 21 501 recién nacidos con MC y respectivos controles del Registro y Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Malformaciones Congénitas (RYVEMCE. RESULTADOS: La frecuencia de MC en HME tratadas fue mayor, (48.3% que en HME no tratadas (28.3%; (RM= 2.37 IC95% 1.08-5.40, p=0.03. Las MC más frecuentes fueron espina bífida, anomalías en reducción de miembros, labio/paladar hendido, microcefalia, anotia/microtia, hipospadias, paladar hendido, polidactilia, anoftalmia/microftalmia y onfalocele. No hubo diferencias entre uso de mono o politerapia. La difenilhidantoína, carbamazepina y ácido valproico fueron los anticonvulsivantes más utilizados. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados confirman la teratogenicidad propia de la epilepsia y el efecto sinérgico de ciertos anticonvulsivantes, lo que evidencia la necesidad de un apropiado control periconcepcional de esta enfermedad y su tratamiento.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence at birth and type of congenital malformations (CM in newborns of epileptic mothers (NEM treated and not treated with anticonvulsants, the correlation anticonvulsant/CM and other developmental disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multicenter case-control study, in 166 live births NEM diagnosed in 21 501 newborns with CM and respective controls from the Registro y Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Malformaciones Congénitas (RYVEMCE. RESULTS: The frequency of CM in NEM treated with anticonvulsants was higher (48.3% than in NEM of untreated mothers (28.3%, (OR= 2.37 IC95% 1.08-5.40, p=0.03. CMs most frequently found were: spina bifida, limb reduction defects, cleft lip palate

Validity, Reliability, and Sensitivity of a Volleyball Intermittent Endurance Test.

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Rodríguez-Marroyo, Jose A; Medina-Carrillo, Javier; García-López, Juan; Morante, Juan C; Villa, José G; Foster, Carl

2017-03-01

To analyze the concurrent and construct validity of a volleyball intermittent endurance test (VIET). The VIET's test-retest reliability and sensitivity to assess seasonal changes was also studied. During the preseason, 71 volleyball players of different competitive levels took part in this study. All performed the VIET and a graded treadmill test with gas-exchange measurement (GXT). Thirty-one of the players performed an additional VIET to analyze the test-retest reliability. To test the VIET's sensitivity, 28 players repeated the VIET and GXT at the end of their season. Significant (P volleyball players.

Resultados de la validación del formulario nacional de auditoría de sífilis gestacional y congénita en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell

OpenAIRE

Quiñones, Patricia; Franciulli, Agustina; Greif, Diego; Fiol, Verónica; Nozar M, María Fernanda; Visconti, Ana; Cabrera, Susana

2014-01-01

Introducción: la sífilis es una infección de transmisión sexual en aumento en el mundo y en nuestro medio, a pesar de ser una enfermedad evitable, diagnosticable y curable, tanto en el embarazo como en el período posnatal. Objetivo: validar el formulario nacional de auditoría de sífilis gestacional y congénita. Establecer un panorama actual del estado de sífilis en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (CHPR). Material y método: estudio descriptivo transversal. Consiste en la realización del...

Respiratory virus laboratory pandemic planning and surveillance in central Viet Nam, 2008-2010.

Science.gov (United States)

Tran, Thomas; Chien, Bui Trong; Papadakis, Georgina; Druce, Julian; Birch, Chris; Chibo, Doris; An, Truong Phuoc; Trang, Le Thi Kim; Trieu, Nguyen Bao; Thuy, Doan Thi Thanh; Catton, Mike; Mai, Trinh Xuan

2012-07-01

Laboratory capacity is needed in central Viet Nam to provide early warning to public health authorities of respiratory outbreaks of importance to human health, for example the outbreak of influenza A(H1N1) pandemic in 2009. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedures established as part of a capacity-building process were used to conduct prospective respiratory surveillance in a region where few previous studies have been undertaken. Between October 2008 and September 2010, nose and throat swabs from adults and children (approximately 20 per week) presenting with an acute respiratory illness to the Ninh Hoa General Hospital were collected. Same-day PCR testing and result reporting for 13 respiratory viruses were carried out by locally trained scientists. Of 2144 surveillance samples tested, 1235 (57.6%) were positive for at least one virus. The most common were influenza A strains (17.9%), with pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 and seasonal H3N2 strain accounting for 52% and 43% of these, respectively. Other virus detections included: rhinovirus (12.4%), enterovirus (8.9%), influenza B (8.3%), adenovirus (5.3%), parainfluenza (4.7%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (3.9%), human coronavirus (3.0%) and human metapneumovirus (0.3%). The detection rate was greatest in the 0-5 year age group. Viral co-infections were identified in 148 (6.9%) cases. The outbreak in 2009 of the influenza A(H1N1) pandemic strain provided a practical test of the laboratory's pandemic plan. This study shows that the availability of appropriate equipment and molecular-based testing can contribute to important individual and public health outcomes in geographical locations susceptible to emerging infections.

Mortalidade perinatal por sífilis congênita: indicador da qualidade da atenção à mulher e à criança Perinatal mortality due to congenital syphilis: a quality-of-care indicator for women's and children's healthcare

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Valéria Saraceni

2005-08-01

Full Text Available A sífilis permanece como causa importante de mortalidade perinatal no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, onde o presente estudo foi realizado utilizando os dados do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade e das Fichas de Notificação e Investigação de Óbitos Fetais e Neonatais, obrigatórias para as maternidades municipais. Entre 1996 e 1998, a sífilis congênita foi responsável por 13,1% dos óbitos fetais e 6,5% dos neonatais nas maternidades municipais. Entre 1999 e 2002, os percentuais foram de 16,2% e 7,9%, respectivamente. Para o Município do Rio de Janeiro, de 1999 a 2002, os percentuais foram 5,4% e 2,2%, para óbitos fetais e neonatais. A taxa de mortalidade perinatal por sífilis congênita permanece estável no Município do Rio de Janeiro apesar dos esforços iniciados com as campanhas para eliminação do agravo em 1999 e 2000. Propomos a utilização da taxa de mortalidade perinatal por sífilis congênita como indicador de impacto das ações de controle e eliminação da sífilis congênita e sugerimos a utilização das fichas de notificação e investigação de óbitos fetais e neonatais para a vigilância de outros agravos evitáveis.Syphilis is a persistent cause of perinatal mortality in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where this study was performed using data from the mortality data system and investigational reports for fetal and neonatal deaths, mandatory in municipal maternity hospitals. From 1996 to 1998, 13.1% of fetal deaths and 6.5% of neonatal deaths in municipal maternity hospitals were due to congenital syphilis. From 1999 to 2002, the proportions were 16.2% and 7.9%, respectively. For the city of Rio de Janeiro as a whole from 1999 and 2002, the proportions were 5.4% of fetal deaths and 2.2% of neonatal deaths. The perinatal mortality rate due to congenital syphilis remains stable in Rio de Janeiro, despite efforts initiated with congenital syphilis elimination campaigns in 1999 and 2000. We propose that the

Trabeculectomia com mitomicina C em pacientes com glaucoma congênito refratário Trabeculectomy with mitomycin C in patients with refractory congenital glaucoma

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Sebastião Cronemberger

2004-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Relatar os resultados do uso de mitomicina C (MMC na cirurgia do glaucoma congênito refratário. MÉTODOS: 44 olhos de 30 pacientes com glaucoma congênito primário refratário, submetidos a trabeculectomia com MMC entre 1993 e 2002 no Serviço de Glaucoma do Hospital São Geraldo, foram estudados retrospectivamente, por meio de análise dos prontuários com seguimento mínimo de seis meses. RESULTADOS: A média de Po reduziu-se de 21,7± 7,2 mmHg no pré-operatório para 12,2±6,8 mmHg no tempo médio de acompanhamento pós-operatório de 42,8 meses (pPURPOSE: To describe the results of mitomycin-C (MMC in refractory congenital glaucoma surgery. METHODS: Fourty-four eyes of 30 patients with refractory primary congenital glaucoma submitted to trabeculectomy with MMC (0.5 mg/ml for 5 minutes between 1993 and 2002 at the São Geraldo Eye Hospital/HC-UFMG were retrospectively studied, through review of medical records with a minimum follow-up of six months. RESULTS: The mean intraocular pressure (IOP under antiglaucomatous medication was reduced from 21.7±7.2 to 12.2± 6.8 mmHg at a mean follow-up of 42.8 months (p<0.001. The only postoperative complication was chronic ocular hipotony (IOP<6mmHg in four eyes (9,1% with aqueous humor leakage from the bleb (positive Seidel test in one of them. No statistical relationship was detected between the incidence of complications and gender (p=0.14, age at the time of surgery (p=0.65, initial IOP (p=0.29, initial number of antiglaucomatous drugs (p=0.39 and number of previous surgeries (p=0.94. CONCLUSION: MMC in filtering surgery of refractory primary congenital glaucoma has shown to be effective in the reduction of IOP. However, the ocular hypotony is a great concern.

Development of Phaeocystis globosa blooms in the upwelling waters of the South Central coast of Viet Nam

Science.gov (United States)

Hai, Doan-Nhu; Lam, Nguyen-Ngoc; Dippner, Joachim W.

2010-11-01

Blooms of haptophyte algae in the south central coastal waters of Viet Nam often occur in association with upwelling phenomenon during the southwest (SW) monsoon. Depending on the magnitude of the blooms, damage to aquaculture farms may occur. Based on two years of data on biology, oceanography, and marine chemistry, the present study suggests a conceptual model of the growth of the haptophyte Phaeocystis globosa. At the beginning of the bloom, low temperature and abundant nutrient supply, especially nitrate from rain and upwelling, favour bloom development. Diatoms utilize available nitrate and phosphate; subsequently, higher ammonium concentration allows P. globosa to grow faster than the diatoms. At the end of the Phaeocystis bloom, free cells may become available as food for a heterotrophic dinoflagellate species, Noctiluca scintillans. During and after the phytoplankton bloom, remineralization by bacteria reduces dissolved oxygen to a very low concentration at depth, and favors growth of nitrate-reducing bacteria.A Lagrangian Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) model, driven by a circulation model of the area, realistically simulates the transport of microalgae in surface waters during strong and weak SW monsoon periods, suggesting that it may be a good tool for early warning of HABs in Vietnamese coastal waters.

Fundamentos del ácido fólico en la prevención primaria farmacológica de defectos congénitos Foundations of folic acid in the primary pharmacological prevention of congential defects

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Roberto Lardoeyt Ferrer

2005-04-01

Full Text Available El ácido fólico fue descubierto en 1945 por los laboratorios Lederle, y desde entonces existe una gran variedad de derivados de esta vitamina, que se agrupan bajo el nombre común de folatos. Es en la APS donde se promueve la salud de la mujer y de su futura descendencia a través de la consulta de riesgo preconcepcional. Una de las acciones promotoras de la salud más importante de la asistencia preconcepcional, es la prevención de los defectos congénitos en la descendencia a través de la suplementación periconcepcional con folatos. El déficit de ácido fólico puede deberse tanto a factores genéticos como ambientales. Con el objetivo de incrementar los conocimientos de los profesionales de la salud que laboran en la atención médica a la mujer en edad reproductiva, se realizó una revisión del tema, en la que se tratan los fundamentos científicos que demuestran la importancia del uso de esta vitamina en la prevención de problemas congénitos como los defectos del tubo neural (DTN, síndrome de Down y de otras anomalías asociadas al déficit de este compuesto vitamínico.Folic acid was discovered in 1945 by Lederle laboratories and since then, there is a great variety of derivates of this vitamin that are grouped under the name of folates. It is in PHC where the health of woman and of her future off-spring is promoted through the office of preconceptional risk. One of the most important health promoting actions of preconceptional assistance is the prevention of the congenital defects in the off-spring by the periconceptional supplementation with folates. The deficit of folic acid may be caused by genetical and environmental factors. In order to increase the knowledge of the health professionals giving medical attention to women at gestational age, a review of this topic was made and the scientific foundations showing the importance of the use of this vitamin in the prevention of congenital defects, such as the neural tube defects

Importância do fonoaudiólogo no acompanhamento de indivíduos com hipotireoidismo congênito Speech and language pathologist importance in the attendance of individuals with congenital hypothyroidism

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Mariana Germano Gejão

2008-01-01

Full Text Available TEMA: o hipotireoidismo congênito é uma alteração metabólica que traz conseqüência graves para indivíduos não tratados e mesmo as crianças que realizam o tratamento podem apresentar distúrbios do desenvolvimento. O Programa Nacional de Triagem Neonatal, instituído pelo Ministério da Saúde, prevê o acompanhamento longitudinal de indivíduos com equipe multidisciplinar. Entretanto, a Fonoaudiologia não é incluída nesta equipe. Deste modo, considerando a ocorrência de distúrbios da comunicação nestes indivíduos, realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados Lilacs, MedLine e PubMed, no período de 1987 a 2007, referente às alterações em habilidades do desenvolvimento decorrentes do hipotireoidismo congênito. OBJETIVO: verificar, na literatura científica, presença de alterações do desenvolvimento em indivíduos com hipotireoidismo congênito e refletir sobre a importância da atuação fonoaudiológica, em conjunto com equipe multidisciplinar especializada, no acompanhamento dos mesmos. CONCLUSÃO: a literatura relata alterações nas habilidades do desenvolvimento (motoras, cognitivas, lingüísticas e de autocuidados e destaca que crianças com hipotireoidismo congênito são de risco para alterações no desenvolvimento lingüístico e, portanto, necessitam do acompanhamento longitudinal do desenvolvimento comunicativo. Torna-se evidente a importância da atuação do fonoaudiólogo nos Programas de Triagem Neonatal credenciados pelo Ministério da Saúde. Ressalta-se ainda a necessidade de investigações referentes às outras alterações metabólicas contempladas nestes programas, nas quais o fonoaudiólogo pode atuar de modo a prevenir, habilitar e reabilitar os distúrbios da comunicação, contribuindo para o trabalho em equipe, promovendo saúde nesta população.BACKGROUND: congenital hypothyroidism is a metabolic disturbance that causes severe consequence for non-treated individuals and even

Validation of clinical case definition of acute intussusception in infants in Viet Nam and Australia.

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Bines, Julie E; Liem, Nguyen Thanh; Justice, Frances; Son, Tran Ngoc; Carlin, John B; de Campo, Margaret; Jamsen, Kris; Mulholland, Kim; Barnett, Peter; Barnes, Graeme L

2006-07-01

To test the sensitivity and specificity of a clinical case definition of acute intussusception in infants to assist health-care workers in settings where diagnostic facilities are not available. Prospective studies were conducted at a major paediatric hospital in Viet Nam (the National Hospital of Pediatrics, Hanoi) from November 2002 to December 2003 and in Australia (the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne) from March 2002 to March 2004 using a clinical case definition of intussusception. Diagnosis of intussusception was confirmed by air enema or surgery and validated in a subset of participants by an independent clinician who was blinded to the participant's status. Sensitivity of the definition was evaluated in 584 infants agedclinical features consistent with intussusception but for whom another diagnosis was established (234 infants in Hanoi; 404 in Melbourne). In both locations the definition used was sensitive (96% sensitivity in Hanoi; 98% in Melbourne) and specific (95% specificity in Hanoi; 87% in Melbourne) for intussusception among infants with sufficient data to allow classification (449/533 in Hanoi; 50/51 in Melbourne). Reanalysis of patients with missing data suggests that modifying minor criteria would increase the applicability of the definition while maintaining good sensitivity (96-97%) and specificity (83-89%). The clinical case definition was sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of acute intussusception in infants in both a developing country and a developed country but minor modifications would enable it to be used more widely.

Chlorination disinfection by-products in drinking water and congenital anomalies: review and meta-analyses Subprodutos da desinfecção com cloro em água potável e anomalias congênitas: revisão e meta-análise

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Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen

2010-10-01

Full Text Available This study aims to review epidemiologic evidence of the association between exposure to chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs and congenital anomalies. All epidemiologic studies that evaluated a relationship between an index of DBP exposure and risk of congenital anomalies were analyzed. For all congenital anomalies combined, the meta-analysis gave a statistically significant excess risk for high versus low exposure to water chlorination or TTHM (17%; 95% CI, 3-34 based on a small number of studies. The meta-analysis also suggested a statistically significant excess risk for ventricular septal defects (58%; 95% CI, 21-107, but based on only three studies, and there was little evidence of an exposure-response relationship. It was observed no statistically significant relationships in the other meta-analyses and little evidence for publication bias, except for urinary tract defects and cleft lip and palate. Although some individual studies have suggested an association between chlorination disinfection by-products and congenital anomalies, meta-analyses of all currently available studies demonstrate little evidence of such association.O objetivo deste estudo é revisar evidências epidemiológicas da associação entre a exposição a subprodutos da desinfecção com cloro (DBPs e anomalias congênitas. Todos os estudos epidemiológicos que avaliaram a relação entre o índice de exposição a DBPs e o risco de anomalias congênitas foram analisados. Para todas as anomalias congênitas combinadas, a meta-análise resultou em um risco de excesso estatisticamente significante para alta versus baixa exposição à cloração da água ou ao TTHM (17%; 95% CI, 3-34 baseado em um pequeno número de estudos. A meta-análise também sugere um excesso de risco estatisticamente significante para defeitos septais ventriculares (58%; 95% CI, 21-107, porém com base em apenas três estudos, nos quais se encontrou pouca evidência na relação exposi

Prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas en hijos de madres mayores de 34 años y adolescentes: Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, 2002-2011

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Nazer Herrera,Julio; Cifuentes Ovalle,Lucía

2013-01-01

Antecedentes: Las madres mayores de 34 años han aumentado en Chile. La mayor edad materna aumenta el riesgo de malformaciones congénitas (MFC) Objetivos: Determinar la tasa de prevalencia de MFC entre adolescentes y mayores de 34 años. Método: Se utilizó la base de datos de la Maternidad del Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile (2002-2011). Se estudió todos los nacimientos, vivos, mortinatos y malformados de 500 gramos o más, de madres menores de 20 y mayores de 34 años. Se calculó y comparó...

Efectos en el desarrollo pulmonar de la oclusión traqueal precoz como terapia fetal de la hipoplasia pulmonar en la hernia diafragmática congénita del feto ovino /

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Giné Prades, Carles,

2017-01-01

Introducción: La oclusión traqueal mediante la colocación fetoscópica de un balón endotraqueal a las 26-29 semanas de gestación constituye el tratamiento estándar de los casos graves de hernia diafragmática congénita (CDH) diagnosticados prenatalmente. Sin embargo, algunos pacientes presentan indicadores prenatales de hipoplasia pulmonar extrema y, a pesar del tratamiento fetoscópico, su tasa de supervivencia es cercana al 0%. Algunos estudios clínicos abogan por una oclusión traqueal en esta...

Efectos en el desarrollo pulmonar de la oclusión traqueal precoz como terapia fetal de la hipoplasia pulmonar en la hernia diafragmática congénita del feto ovino

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Giné Prades, Carles

2017-01-01

Introducción: La oclusión traqueal mediante la colocación fetoscópica de un balón endotraqueal a las 26-29 semanas de gestación constituye el tratamiento estándar de los casos graves de hernia diafragmática congénita (CDH) diagnosticados prenatalmente. Sin embargo, algunos pacientes presentan indicadores prenatales de hipoplasia pulmonar extrema y, a pesar del tratamiento fetoscópico, su tasa de supervivencia es cercana al 0%. Algunos estudios clínicos abogan por una oclusión traqueal en ...

Síndrome de QT prolongado congénito y embarazo: reporte de dos casos Congenital long QT syndrome and pregnancy: report of two cases

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Julián M Aristizábal

2010-04-01

Full Text Available El síndrome de QT prolongado congénito, es una entidad clínica que se caracteriza por la alteración en la repolarización miocárdica dada por una prolongación significativa del intervalo QT con riesgo aumentado de síncope, taquicardia ventricular polimórfica y muerte súbita. Se produce por la alteración en la función de canales iónicos responsables del potencial de acción de las células cardíacas, como consecuencia de múltiples mutaciones, de las cuales las más frecuentes se dan en los canales de sodio y potasio. La relación con el embarazo y principalmente la presencia de eventos en el posparto, está determinada por arritmias ventriculares o episodios de muerte súbita, lo cual debe llevar a una evaluación exhaustiva de QTc prolongado y sus factores desencadenantes o enfermedades concomitantes. Se muestran los casos clínicos de dos pacientes que presentaron muerte súbita en el posparto en las cuales se diagnosticó síndrome de QT largo congénito.Congenital long QT syndrome is a clinical entity characterized by impairment of myocardial repolarization given by significant prolongation of the corrected QT interval with an increased risk of syncope, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and sudden death. This is produced by an alteration in the function of ion channels responsible for the action potential of cardiac cells as a consequence of multiple mutations, the most common of which are in the sodium and potassium channels. The relationship with pregnancy and especially the presence of events in the postpartum period is clearly determined by the presence of ventricular arrhythmias or episodes of sudden death, that should lead to a thorough evaluation of prolonged QTc and its triggers or concomitant diseases. We present the clinical records of two patients who had sudden death during the postpartum and were diagnosed as congenital long QT Syndrome.

A survey of congenital Chagas’ disease, carried out at three Health Institutions in São Paulo City, Brazil Doença de Chagas congênita em três instituições de saúde da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil

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Isabelle Vera Vichr NISIDA

1999-09-01

Full Text Available The congenital transmission of Chagas’ disease was evaluated in 57 pregnant women with Chagas’ disease and their 58 offspring. The patients were selected from three Health Institutions in São Paulo City. The maternal clinical forms of Chagas’ disease were: indeterminate (47.4%, cardiac (43.8% and digestive (8.8%; 55 were born in endemic areas and two in São Paulo City. The transmission of Chagas’ disease at fetal level was confirmed in three (5.17% of the 58 cases studied and one probably case of congenital Chagas’ disease. Two infected infants were born to chagasic women with HIV infection and were diagnosed by parasitolological assays (microhematocrit, quantitative buffy coat-QBC or artificial xenodiagnosis. In both cases the placenta revealed T. cruzi and HIV p24 antigens detected by immunohistochemistry. In one case, a 14-week old abortus, the diagnosis of congenital T. cruzi infection was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The other probable infection, a 30-week old stillborn, the parasites were found in the placenta and umbilical cord. The Western blot method using trypomastigote excreted/secreted antigens of T. cruzi (TESA was positive for IgG antibodies in 54/55 newborns and for IgM in 1/55 newborns. One of the two newborns with circulating parasites had no detectable IgG or IgM antibodies. The assessment of IgG antibodies in the sera of pregnant women and their newborns was performed by ELISA using two different T. cruzi antigens: an alkaline extract of epimastigotes (EAE and trypomastigote excreted/secreted antigens (TESA. The analysis showed a linear correlation between maternal and newborn IgG antibody titers at birth.A transmissão congênita da doença de Chagas continua a ser um problema no Brasil. Em um estudo com 58 recém-nascidos, de 57 mães com a forma crônica da doença de Chagas, selecionadas em três Instituições de Saúde da Cidade de São Paulo, a transmissão congênita foi demonstrada em 5,17% (3/58 dos

Bloqueo aurículo-ventricular congénito completo: Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura Congenital complete atrioventricular block: eport of one case and literature review

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Alejandro Díaz D

2008-02-01

Full Text Available El bloqueo aurículo-ventricular completo congénito, es una entidad poco común, que presenta alta morbilidad y mortalidad con incidencia real que permanece desconocida y requiere alto índice de sospecha para su diagnóstico y, por ende, su temprana intervención. Se observa en hijos de madres con enfermedades autoinmunes del tejido conectivo, en especial, lupus eritematoso sistémico cuando su aparición es congénita. A nivel postnatal, es más frecuente que ocurra por cardiopatías congénitas. También puede manifestarse en corazones normales desde el punto de vista estructural. El hallazgo clínico característico es bradicardia persistente que se manifiesta desde la vida intrauterina y repercute en la estabilidad circulatoria del feto llegando a producir hidrops, complicación seria y letal. Después del nacimiento aparece igualmente con bradicardia que puede o no descompensar la parte hemodinámica del paciente. El diagnóstico se hace por sospecha clínica, con ecocardiografía fetal y postnatal, electrocardiograma y detección de anticuerpos maternos tipo antiRo y antiLa. La implantación de un marcapasos es el tratamiento definitivo que contribuye a mejorar la sobrevida y el pronóstico de estos pacientes. Se presenta el caso de una paciente prematura, de 31 semanas, debido a hidrops no inmune, en quien se diagnosticó bloqueo aurículo-ventricular completo congénito secundario a lupus materno confirmado por anticuerpos anti-nucleares francamente positivos y anticuerpos antiRo y antiLa positivos, quien recibió manejo con soporte inotrópico y posterior implantación de marcapasos. Presentó mejoría completa de la falla cardiaca y se remitió hacia otra institución para manejo convencional del prematuro.Complete congenital atrioventricular block is a rare entity that has a high morbidity and mortality. Its real incidence remains unknown and a high suspicion index is needed for its diagnosis and consequently for its early

Congenital muscular dystrophy. Part II: a review of pathogenesis and therapeutic perspectives Distrofia muscular congênita. Parte II: revisão da patogênese e perspectivas terapêuticas

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Umbertina Conti Reed

2009-06-01

Full Text Available The congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs are a group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous hereditary myopathies with preferentially autosomal recessive inheritance, that are characterized by congenital hypotonia, delayed motor development and early onset of progressive muscle weakness associated with dystrophic pattern on muscle biopsy. The clinical course is broadly variable and can comprise the involvement of the brain and eyes. From 1994, a great development in the knowledge of the molecular basis has occurred and the classification of CMDs has to be continuously up dated. In the last number of this journal, we presented the main clinical and diagnostic data concerning the different subtypes of CMD. In this second part of the review, we analyse the main reports from the literature concerning the pathogenesis and the therapeutic perspectives of the most common subtypes of CMD: MDC1A with merosin deficiency, collagen VI related CMDs (Ullrich and Bethlem, CMDs with abnormal glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (Fukuyama CMD, Muscle-eye-brain disease, Walker Warburg syndrome, MDC1C, MDC1D, and rigid spine syndrome, another much rare subtype of CMDs not related with the dystrophin/glycoproteins/extracellular matrix complex.As distrofias musculares congênitas (DMCs são miopatias hereditárias geralmente, porém não exclusivamente, de herança autossômica recessiva, que apresentam grande heterogeneidade genética e clínica. São caracterizadas por hipotonia muscular congênita, atraso do desenvolvimento motor e fraqueza muscular de início precoce associada a padrão distrófico na biópsia muscular. O quadro clínico, de gravidade variável, pode também incluir anormalidades oculares e do sistema nervoso central. A partir de 1994, os conhecimentos sobre genética e biologia molecular das DMCs progrediram rapidamente, sendo a classificação continuamente atualizada. Os aspectos clínicos e diagnósticos dos principais subtipos de DMC

Apraxia oculomotora congénita Congenital oculomoror apraxia

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Rosa M Naranjo Fernández

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La apraxia oculomotora congénita, también conocida como Síndrome de Cogan, es una enfermedad hereditaria rara que afecta al ojo, caracterizada por la incapacidad para ejecutar movimientos oculares horizontales voluntarios. Descrita por Cogan en 1952, de etiología desconocida, clásicamente se le considera un desorden esporádico, con herencia autosómica dominante en algunos casos y en otros sugieren alteraciones metabólicas parciales o defectos del desarrollo neurológico. Acude al servicio de oftalmología pediátrica un paciente masculino de ocho meses de edad y al examen de motilidad ocular se detecta que cuando el niño intenta mover los ojos hacia el objeto que le llama la atención, realiza movimientos bruscos laterales de la cabeza. Se realizan estudios de neuro imágenes y electroencefalograma, no se encontraron alteraciones. Este es un diagnóstico de exclusión donde deben descartarse otras causas de defecto de fijación y movimientos cefálicos anómalos. En este momento con dos años de edad se constata una mejoría dada por disminución de las sacudidas cefálicas. Sin embargo, el retraso del desarrollo psicomotor, especialmente del lenguaje, sí puede requerir educación especial. Esta enfermedad es poco frecuente por lo que su detección temprana contribuye a un mejor pronóstico visual.The congenital ocular motor apraxia, also known as Cogan´s Syndrome, is a rare heredity disease that affects the eye in that to the extent that it can not move horizontally at will. Of unknown etiology, it was described by Cogan in 1952 and, classically considered as a sporadic disease with dominant autosomal heredity in some cases, and as an indicator of partial metabolic alterations or neurological development defects in others. An 8 month-old male patient was seen at the pediatric ophthalmology department. On the ocular motility exam, it was found that the child attempted to move his eyes towards an object that got his attention, but

Respiratory virus laboratory pandemic planning an surveillance in central Viet Nam, 2008-2010

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Trinh Xuan Mai

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Laboratory capacity is needed in central Viet Nam to provide early warning to public health authorities of respiratory outbreaks of importance to human health, for example the outbreak of influenza A(H1N1 pandemic in 2009. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR procedures established as part of a capacity-building process were used to conduct prospective respiratory surveillance in a region where few previous studies have been undertaken.Methods: Between October 2008 and September 2010, nose and throat swabs from adults and children (approximately 20 per week presenting with an acute respiratory illness to the Ninh Hoa General Hospital were collected. Same-day PCR testing and result reporting for 13 respiratory viruses were carried out by locally trained scientists.Results: Of 2144 surveillance samples tested, 1235 (57.6% were positive for at least one virus. The most common were influenza A strains (17.9%, with pandemic influenza A(H1N1 2009 and seasonal H3N2 strain accounting for 52% and 43% of these, respectively. Other virus detections included: rhinovirus (12.4%, enterovirus (8.9%, influenza B (8.3%, adenovirus (5.3%, parainfluenza (4.7%, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV (3.9%, human coronavirus (3.0% and human metapneumovirus (0.3%. The detection rate was greatest in the 0–5 year age group. Viral co-infections were identified in 148 (6.9% cases.Discussion: The outbreak in 2009 of the influenza A(H1N1 pandemic strain provided a practical test of the laboratory’s pandemic plan. This study shows that the availability of appropriate equipment and molecular-based testing can contribute to important individual and public health outcomes in geographical locations susceptible to emerging infections.

Hiperplasia adrenal congénita clásica: Tratamiento médico y quirúrgico Congenital clasic adrenal hyperplasia: Medical and surgical treatment

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José Raúl Zaldívar Ochoa

Full Text Available Se presenta el caso clínico de una infante de 2 años de edad que nació con genitales ambiguos y fue diagnosticada precozmente en el Hospital Infantil Norte Docente "Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira", gracias al Programa de Hiperplasia Adrenal Congénita. Se le realizó una exitosa reconstrucción quirúrgica hacia el sexo femenino y se brindó apoyo psicológico a la familia.The case report of a 2 year-old infant girl is presented who was born with ambiguous genitals and she was early diagnosed at "Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Teaching Nothern Pediatric Hospital, thanks to the Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Program. She had a successful surgical reconstruction to the female sex and her family received psychological support.

Utilidad de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en el diagnóstico de infección congénita por citomegalovirus: a propósito de un caso de meningitis aséptica

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Yolanda Cifuentes-Cifuentes

Full Text Available Se informa del caso de un recién nacido que presentó trombocitopenia, hematuria y proteinuria. En el líquido cefalorraquídeo tenía aumento de proteínas y leucocitos, VDRL no reactiva. La madre tenía historia de sífilis gestacional. Las determinaciones de IgM para citomegalovirus, rubéola, Toxoplasma , herpes i y ii fueron negativas por lo que se consideró caso de sífilis congénita con compromiso de sistema nervioso central. Por persistir la trombocitopenia después del tratamiento, se tomó muestra de sangre para PCR para citomegalovirus, encontrándose 181.171 copias/ml. Se dio tratamiento con ganciclovir intravenoso 12 mg/kg de peso durante 21 días y solución al 10% de inmunoglobulina humana hiperinmune para citomegalovirus administrada así: 4 ml/kg de peso los días 0, 4 y 8, seguido de 2 ml/kg de peso los días 12 y 16. La evolución fue satisfactoria. Se evidenció la utilidad de PCR en el diagnóstico de infección congénita por citomegalovirus.

El embarazo en la mujer con enfermedad cardiaca congénita: enfoque para el cardiólogo Congenital heart disease in the pregnant woman: a guide for the cardiologist

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Edgardo Vanegas

2009-08-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad cardiaca congénita es la forma más común de alteración estructural cardiaca que afecta a la mujer en edad reproductiva en los países en vía de desarrollo. En estas pacientes el embarazo se asocia con mayor riesgo tanto para la madre como para el feto. Se recomienda la consejería y una evaluación prenatal adecuada, para evaluar los riesgos e identificar pacientes en quienes estaría contraindicado el embarazo. Una vez el embarazo está en curso, se recomienda realizar nuevamente una evaluación cardiovascular, cuya frecuencia es individualizada. Puede requerirse monitorización durante el parto y el período postparto, siendo este último más preocupante en algunas pacientes. Hay datos suficientes de los desenlaces de las mujeres embarazadas que han sido operadas por defectos cardiacos congénitos. Por esta razón el manejo individualizado es obligatorio.Congenital heart disease is the most common form of structural heart disease affecting women of childbearing age in developing countries. Pregnancy in these patients is associated with an increased risk to both mother and fetus. Appropriate pre-pregnancy evaluation and counseling is recommended to assess the pregnancy-related maternal and fetal risk and to identify patients who should avoid pregnancy. Once pregnancy occurs, cardiovascular re-evaluation is generally recommended; the frequency is individualized. Monitoring during delivery may be necessary and the postpartum period is a concern in select individuals. Data regarding the outcome of pregnancy in patients with operated congenital cardiac defects are available. Individualized care is mandatory.

¿Son los errores congénitos del metabolismo causa prevenible de muerte súbita?

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Roberto Álvarez Fumero

Full Text Available El síndrome de muerte súbita del lactante (SMSL no es un proceso aislado, sino un hecho multifactorial y multicausal, del cual cada día se restan alteraciones potencialmente diagnosticables, para pasar a ser un diagnóstico de exclusión. Algunos errores congénitos del metabolismo (ECM han sido asociados al SMSL y/o a episodios aparentemente letales EAL, aunque la mayoría de ellos suelen tener alguna expresión clínica que los hace potencialmente diagnosticables antes de la muerte, lo que permite ser descartados de entre las causas del SMSL. De ellos, los más estrechamente relacionados con el SMSL son los trastornos de la betaoxidación mitocondrial de ácidos grasos. Solo del 3 al 5 % de los SMSL pueden guardar relación con ECM. El mayor impacto que representa el conocimiento de la asociación de SMSL y estos trastornos, es precisamente la posibilidad de su prevención. El personal médico debe conocer que la más eficiente forma de prevenir el SMSL relacionado con los ECM, es la búsqueda activa de lactantes de riesgo al realizar una exhaustiva anamnesis. Estos casos deben ser objeto de estudios metabólicos especializados, para lo cual es imprescindible conocer los requisitos de obtención, conservación y traslado de muestras al Laboratorio de Referencia.

Collaborative GIS for flood susceptibility mapping: An example from Mekong river basin of Viet Nam

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Thanh, B.

2016-12-01

Flooding is one of the most dangerous natural disasters in Vietnam. Floods have caused serious damages to people and made adverse impact on social economic development across the country, especially in lower river basin where there is high risk of flooding as consequences of the climate change and social activities. This paper presents a collaborative platform of a combination of an interactive web-GIS framework and a multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) tool. MCE is carried out in server side through web interface, in which parameters used for evaluation are groups into three major categories, including (1) climatic factor: precipitation, typhoon frequency, temperature, humidity (2) physiographic data: DEM, topographic wetness index, NDVI, stream power index, soil texture, distance to river (3) social factor: NDBI, land use pattern. Web-based GIS is based on open-source technology that includes an information page, a page for MCE tool that users can interactively alter parameters in flood susceptible mapping, and a discussion page. The system is designed for local participation in prediction of the flood risk magnitude under impacts of natural processes and human intervention. The proposed flood susceptibility assessment prototype was implemented in the Mekong river basin, Viet Nam. Index images were calculated using Landsat data, and other were collected from authorized agencies. This study shows the potential to combine web-GIS and spatial analysis tool to flood hazard risk assessment. The combination can be a supportive solution that potentially assists the interaction between stakeholders in information exchange and in disaster management, thus provides for better analysis, control and decision-making.

Abordagem da Catarata Congênita: análise de série de casos Approach to Congenital Cataract: case series analysis

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Marina Soares Viegas Moura Rezende

2008-02-01

Full Text Available A catarata congênita é uma causa importante de deficiência visual, principalmente por ambliopia, com prevalência aproximada de 0,4%. Seu manejo cirúrgico, inclusive em crianças, tem se desenvolvido, levando a melhores resultados visuais e contribuindo para o controle da ambliopia. OBJETIVO: Relatar os resultados precoces de uma série de casos submetidos a diferentes modalidades cirúrgicas para catarata congênita no Serviço de Catarata do Instituto de Oftalmologia Tadeu Cvintal (IOTC de janeiro de 2004 a janeiro de 2005. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo em 19 crianças (32 olhos com catarata congênita. A série de casos foi dividida em três grupos de acordo com a abordagem cirúrgica: lensectomia via pars plana, facoaspiração com e sem implante de lente intraocular. A acuidade visual corrigida final foi registrada com quatro meses de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Oito olhos foram submetidos à lensectomia, treze (13 à facoaspiração com implante de lente intra-ocular, e onze (11 à facoaspiração sem implante de lente intra-ocular. Em dez olhos foi realizada capsulotomia posterior primária. A única complicação observada foi opacidade de cápsula posterior em 60% (n=05 dos casos. Aproximadamente 43% dos pacientes (n=14 desenvolveram AV final corrigida entre 20/20 (LogMAR + 0.0 e 20/40 (LogMAR +0.3. Destes, oito (57% eram olhos de crianças operadas de ambos os olhos (catarata bilateral. A média de idade em que foram operadas, neste grupo de melhor acuidade, foi de sete anos. Sete (50% olhos foram submetidos a facoaspiração com implante de lente intra-ocular, e cinco (35% destes foram submetidos á capsulotomia posterior secundária. CONCLUSÃO: A série de casos analisada apresentou bons resultados cirúrgicos e funcionais precoces, embora trata-se de um número pequeno e heterogêneo de pacientes. O acompanhamento a longo prazo desses pacientes é essencial para avaliarmos que papel as diferentes indicações cirúrgicas t

Collision-induced basalt eruptions at Pleiku and Buôn Mê Thuột, south-central Viet Nam

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Hoàng, Nguyễn; Flower, Martin F. J.; Chí, Cung Thu'ọ'ng; Xuân, Phạm Tích; Quý, Hoàng Văn; Sơn, Trần Thanh

2013-09-01

Neogene-Quaternary basalts occur as dispersed volcanic clusters in the vicinity of the Tethyan tectonic belt, possibly representing 'far-field' effects of the Early Tertiary collisions of Gondwana fragments with the southern margin of Eurasia. In Indochina, such a 'Diffuse Igneous Province' post-dates the 45-42 Ma 'hard' India-Asia collision and southeastward, collision induced (c. 30-17 Ma.), extrusion of Indochina. Extrusion was accommodated by left-lateral strike-slip shearing on the Ailao Shan-Red River Fault, coeval with seafloor spreading in the East Viet Nam (South China) Sea. The Indochina basalts mostly comprise shield-building tholeiites capped by small-volume undersaturated types, the latter often bearing mantle xenoliths and 'exotic' xenocrysts such as sapphire, zircon. They appeared at c. 17 Ma, more-or-less coinciding with the cessation of both continental extrusion and seafloor spreading. At this point extensional stress appears to have shifted westwards to continental Indochina, with magmatic activity appearing, characteristically, at 'pull-apart' basins. However, the relationship of mantle melting beneath this region to its geodynamic setting is controversial, being variously attributed to mantle plumes, extreme lithospheric stretching, and lateral asthenospheric displacement. There is little or no definitive evidence for regional mantle upwelling while lithosphere stretching alone appears to be insufficient to allow for melting, Here, we present geochemical and Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic (and paleomagnetic data), for cored sections from the Pleiku and Buon Mê Thuột plateaus in south-central Viet Nam, representative in most respects of the Indochina province as a whole. In the Pleiku shield olivine tholeiite flows are intercalated with quartz tholeiites while, in contrast, alkali basalts predominate over olivine tholeiite in the Buon Mê Thuột (BMT) shield. The first of these features (in Pleiku) probably reflects crustal wall-rock reaction while

Deficiencia congénita de proteína C en un recién nacido con trombosis y necrosis de tejidos extensa

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Bárbara Acosta Batista

Full Text Available Uno de los trastornos hematológicos más graves del período neonatal es la deficiencia congénita de proteína C, de presentación muy rara, y causa de enfermedad tromboembólica severa y púrpura fulminante en recién nacidos. Se puede sintetizar como una entidad clínico-patológica, de aparición aguda, con trombosis de la vasculatura de la dermis, lo cual conduce a necrosis hemorrágica y progresiva de la piel, asociada a coagulación intravascular diseminada y hemorragia perivascular, que ocurre en el período neonatal. El paciente presentado exhibe los elementos clínico-patológicos que caracterizan la púrpura fulminante, cuyo origen se debe a una deficiencia hereditaria de proteína C, lo cual condujo a la aparición de complicaciones trombóticas severas.

Reconstrucción genital integral en la Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congénita: sensibilidad, estética y función (embarazo Integral genital reconstruction: sensitivity, aesthetic and function (pregnancy, in the Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

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A.A. Núñez Serrano

2010-03-01

Full Text Available La Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congénita o Síndrome Adrenogenital es un cuadro clínico poco frecuente. Las anomalías que presenta van asociadas a síndromes que a veces son muy complejos, destacando, entre otros, el seudohermafroditismo femenino y el hermafroditismo verdadero. Las mujeres que la padecen presentan como alteración más evidente un clítoris aumentado de tamaño (megaloclítoris y otras alteraciones en los genitales externos. Ante estas pacientes es necesario realizar un diagnostico correcto mediante exploración física y otras pruebas complementarias: estudios genéticos, analíticos, hematológicos y urinarios. La corrección quirúrgica del megaloclítoris es necesaria no sólo para mejorar el aspecto de los genitales externos, sino también para que tanto la paciente como su familia se encuentren menos afectados psicológicamente. Existen varias técnicas quirúrgicas que intentan corregir esta malformación, como la amputación o clitorectomía total, la retroposición o enterramiento y la clitorectomía parcial selectiva. Todas ellas, junto con otras correcciones de los genitales externos afectados, han sido utilizadas hasta el día de hoy. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congénita por déficit del enzima 21-hidroxilasa. Describimos su clínica, la técnica quirúrgica aplicada en su caso y, sobre todo, dado la rareza de esta patología, comunicamos que, tras dos embarazos, los dos hijos nacidos, no presentaron la alteración congénita materna.Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a rare patology, whith clinical expressions like female pseudohermaphroditism or true hermaphroditism. Females affected mainly suffer clitoral hypertrophy and external genitalia abnormalityes. The complete diagnosis includes: careful examination of the genitals, complementary imaging proofs, hormonal and genetic testing. The surgical correction of the external genitals and megaloclitoris improves the physical and

Correlation analysis between forest carbon stock and spectral vegetation indices in Xuan Lien Nature Reserve, Thanh Hoa, Viet Nam

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Dung Nguyen, The; Kappas, Martin

2017-04-01

In the last several years, the interest in forest biomass and carbon stock estimation has increased due to its importance for forest management, modelling carbon cycle, and other ecosystem services. However, no estimates of biomass and carbon stocks of deferent forest cover types exist throughout in the Xuan Lien Nature Reserve, Thanh Hoa, Viet Nam. This study investigates the relationship between above ground carbon stock and different vegetation indices and to identify the most likely vegetation index that best correlate with forest carbon stock. The terrestrial inventory data come from 380 sample plots that were randomly sampled. Individual tree parameters such as DBH and tree height were collected to calculate the above ground volume, biomass and carbon for different forest types. The SPOT6 2013 satellite data was used in the study to obtain five vegetation indices NDVI, RDVI, MSR, RVI, and EVI. The relationships between the forest carbon stock and vegetation indices were investigated using a multiple linear regression analysis. R-square, RMSE values and cross-validation were used to measure the strength and validate the performance of the models. The methodology presented here demonstrates the possibility of estimating forest volume, biomass and carbon stock. It can also be further improved by addressing more spectral bands data and/or elevation.

Evaluation of the integrated clinic model for HIV/AIDS services in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, 2013-2014.

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Hung, V; Nguyen, S T; Tieu, V T T; Nguyen, T T T; Duong, T H; Lyss, S; Oeltmann, J E

2016-12-21

Setting: Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Viet Nam. Objective: To evaluate a new integrated service model for human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) care. Design: In HCMC, co-located services, including voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT), HIV treatment at out-patient clinics (OPC), and methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) for persons who inject drugs, have operated under different administrative structures. In the context of decreasing international financial support, integration of these services into one administrative structure with reduced staff occurred in seven districts in HCMC between October 2013 and June 2014. We used a pre-post study design to compare service-related outcomes from routinely collected data at health facilities 6 months before and 6 months after integration. Results: The proportion of HIV-infected persons linked from VCT to OPCs was unchanged or increased following integration. A higher percentage of patients eligible for antiretroviral therapy (ART) were started on ART. The proportion of ART patients lost to follow-up remained unchanged. The proportions of MMT patients who tested positive for heroin or other substances decreased or were unchanged. Conclusions: VCT, OPC and MMT service delivery quality remained the same or improved during the 6 months following the integration. Expansion of the integrated model should be considered for HIV-related services.

Consumo de oxígeno en hipotermia, durante circulación extracorpórea, en cirugías de niños con cardiopatías congénitas complejas en Canarias: perfiles cinéticos e implicaciones fisiológicas

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García Mendieta, Jorge Saúl

2016-01-01

Programa de doctorado: Avances en Medicina Interna. La fecha de publicación es la fecha de lectura [ES]El presente estudio intenta demostrar que hay diferentes perfiles cinéticos de la relación consumo de oxígeno y temperatura corporal, durante la circulación extracorpórea e hipotermia (CEC-Hp) en niños operados por cardiopatías congénitas complejas en Canarias.

Mortalidad infantil por defectos congénitos en Costa Rica, 1981-2010

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María de la Paz Barboza-Arguello

2013-11-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar las tendencias y el impacto de los diferentes tipos de defectos congénitos (DC en la tasa de mortalidad infantil (TMI y neonatal (TMN en Costa Rica para el período 1981-2010. MÉTODOS: Se analizaron datos del Centro Centroamericano de Población, que utiliza las versiones 9 y 10 de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades para clasificar las causas de defunción. Se analizaron tendencias de mortalidad infantil, neonatal y residual. Para cada grupo de DC se construyó un modelo de regresión Poisson Log Lineal. Se obtuvieron las TMI y las TMN y los riesgos relativos correspondientes a las tres décadas 1981-1990, 1991-2000 y 2001-2010, con sus intervalos de confianza de 95% (IC95%. Los estimados se compararon mediante chi cuadrado de Wald. RESULTADOS: Al comparar la década de 1980 con la del 2000, la TMN y la TMI por DC presentó una disminución significativa de 2,37 (IC95%: 2,26-2,48 a 2,13 (2,03-2,23 y de 4,13 (3,99-4,27 a 3,18 (3,05-3,31, respectivamente. Los grupos de DC que registraron una reducción significativa en la TMI fueron: sistema nervioso, digestivo y circulatorio. Con excepción del sistema circulatorio, estos grupos experimentaron una caída significativa en la TMN. En el resto de los grupos se registró un aumento significativo o no hubo cambio. CONCLUSIONES: Se ha producido una disminución de la TMI y la TMN por DC, aunque proporcionalmente estas tasas han crecido debido a un mayor descenso de las otras causas. Esta reducción es mucho menor en la mortalidad neonatal. Se debe fortalecer la prevención primaria y la atención neonatal de los DC.

Epífora congênita nos pacientes com síndrome de Down Congenital epiphora in patients with Down syndrome

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Christiane Carvalho Salvio

2007-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar as causas de epífora congênita em pacientes com síndrome de Down. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados os prontuários de 695 pacientes com epífora congênita, atendidos no Ambulatório de Vias Lacrimais da Clínica Oftalmológica da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, de outubro de 1989 a julho de 2005. Todos foram previamente submetidos a exame oftalmológico completo e apresentavam como queixa principal epífora e/ou secreção ocular constante, uni ou bilateral, desde o nascimento. Os pacientes foram divididos em: grupo A, 30 pacientes com síndrome de Down, e grupo B, 665 pacientes controle. A avaliação das vias lacrimais foi realizada com a prova de irrigação sob anestesia geral. RESULTADOS: Os grupos A e B são semelhantes estatisticamente quanto à idade (p=0,07, sexo (p=0,63 e raça (p=0,68. As queixas bilaterais foram mais freqüentes no grupo A (p=0,0008. A obstrução anatômica das vias lacrimais foi encontrada em 32,73% do grupo A e em 85,51% do grupo B (pPURPOSE: To describe the causes of congenital epiphora in patients with Down syndrome. METHODS: Retrospective study of 695 patients with congenital epiphora, of the Lacrimal Sector of the Department of Ophthalmology, São Paulo "Santa Casa", Brazil, between October 1998 and July 2005. This study analyzed: the main symptom of continuous epiphora or mucous discharge, which affected one or both eyes, since birth. Subjects were separated in to two groups: group A, with 30 patients with Down syndrome and group B, with 665 control patients. The lacrimal evaluation was performed by the throw irrigation test after general anesthesia. RESULTS: Both groups were statistically similar regarding age (p=0.07, sex (p=0.63 and race (p=0.68. Bilateral symptoms were more frequent in group A (p=0.0008. Anatomic obstruction of the lacrimal canal was present in 32.73% of group A and in 85.51% of group B (p<0.0001. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent cause of congenital epiphora

Respiratory virus laboratory pandemic planning and surveillance in central Viet Nam, 2008–2010

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Chien, Bui Trong; Papadakis, Georgina; Druce, Julian; Birch, Chris; Chibo, Doris; An, Truong Phuoc; Trang, Le Thi Kim; Trieu, Nguyen Bao; Thuy, Doan Thi Thanh; Catton, Mike; Mai, Trinh Xuan

2012-01-01

Introduction Laboratory capacity is needed in central Viet Nam to provide early warning to public health authorities of respiratory outbreaks of importance to human health, for example the outbreak of influenza A(H1N1) pandemic in 2009. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedures established as part of a capacity-building process were used to conduct prospective respiratory surveillance in a region where few previous studies have been undertaken. Methods Between October 2008 and September 2010, nose and throat swabs from adults and children (approximately 20 per week) presenting with an acute respiratory illness to the Ninh Hoa General Hospital were collected. Same-day PCR testing and result reporting for 13 respiratory viruses were carried out by locally trained scientists. Results Of 2144 surveillance samples tested, 1235 (57.6%) were positive for at least one virus. The most common were influenza A strains (17.9%), with pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 and seasonal H3N2 strain accounting for 52% and 43% of these, respectively. Other virus detections included: rhinovirus (12.4%), enterovirus (8.9%), influenza B (8.3%), adenovirus (5.3%), parainfluenza (4.7%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (3.9%), human coronavirus (3.0%) and human metapneumovirus (0.3%). The detection rate was greatest in the 0–5 year age group. Viral co-infections were identified in 148 (6.9%) cases. Discussion The outbreak in 2009 of the influenza A(H1N1) pandemic strain provided a practical test of the laboratory’s pandemic plan. This study shows that the availability of appropriate equipment and molecular-based testing can contribute to important individual and public health outcomes in geographical locations susceptible to emerging infections. PMID:23908924

Assessing error sources for Landsat time series analysis for tropical test sites in Viet Nam and Ethiopia

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Schultz, Michael; Verbesselt, Jan; Herold, Martin; Avitabile, Valerio

2013-10-01

Researchers who use remotely sensed data can spend half of their total effort analysing prior data. If this data preprocessing does not match the application, this time spent on data analysis can increase considerably and can lead to inaccuracies. Despite the existence of a number of methods for pre-processing Landsat time series, each method has shortcomings, particularly for mapping forest changes under varying illumination, data availability and atmospheric conditions. Based on the requirements of mapping forest changes as defined by the United Nations (UN) Reducing Emissions from Forest Degradation and Deforestation (REDD) program, the accurate reporting of the spatio-temporal properties of these changes is necessary. We compared the impact of three fundamentally different radiometric preprocessing techniques Moderate Resolution Atmospheric TRANsmission (MODTRAN), Second Simulation of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum (6S) and simple Dark Object Subtraction (DOS) on mapping forest changes using Landsat time series data. A modification of Breaks For Additive Season and Trend (BFAST) monitor was used to jointly map the spatial and temporal agreement of forest changes at test sites in Ethiopia and Viet Nam. The suitability of the pre-processing methods for the occurring forest change drivers was assessed using recently captured Ground Truth and high resolution data (1000 points). A method for creating robust generic forest maps used for the sampling design is presented. An assessment of error sources has been performed identifying haze as a major source for time series analysis commission error.

Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with congenital glaucoma: report on a family Neuropatia hereditária sensitivo-motora com glaucoma congênito: descrição de uma família

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WALTER O. ARRUDA

1999-06-01

Full Text Available We report three siblings of a family with hereditary motor and sensory polyneuropathy (HMSN and buphthalmos. Electrophysiological studies showed a demyelinating neuropathy and pathological findings showed severe loss of myelinated fibers (MF, thin myelin sheaths and myelin infoldings in a few remaining MF. The presumed mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive. This family probably represents an unique form of CMT4 that may be related to one of the congenital glaucoma genic locus, particularly GLC3A and GLC3B, described in Turkish families.Descrevemos três membros afetados de uma família com neuropatia hereditária sensitivo-motora tipo I (desmielinizante e glaucoma congênito (buftalmia. O estudo eletrofisiológico dos membros afetados demonstrou polineuropatia sensitivo-motora desmielinizante, com ausência ou redução acentuada das velocidades de neurocondução sensitiva e motora. A biópsia do nervo sural revelou redução moderada a grave das fibras mielinizadas, bainhas de mielina de espessura diminuída (remielinização com dobramentos delas nas poucas fibras mielinizadas remanescentes. Não foram observadas formações em casca de cebola, nem tampouco alterações hipertróficas. O padrão de herança desta família parece ser autossômico recessivo. Sugerimos tratar-se de uma forma singular de doença de Charcot-Marie-Tooth autossômica recessiva (CMT4, que eventualmente pode possuir locus gênico próximo a um dos locus do glaucoma congênito (GLC3A e GLC3B, localizados nos cromossomos 2p21 e 1p36.

Effects of the family schizophrenia psychoeducation program for individuals with recent onset schizophrenia in Viet Nam.

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Ngoc, T N; Weiss, B; Trung, L T

2016-08-01

Although psychoeducation has been found effective for improving the life functioning of patients with schizophrenia in high income countries, there have been relatively few studies of schizophrenia psychoeducation adapted for low and middle-income countries (LMIC), particularly in Southeast Asia. The present study assessed effects of the Family Schizophrenia Psychoeducation Program (FSPP) among Vietnamese patients and their families on the patients' (1) quality of life and (2) medication non-compliance, and the family and patients' (3) stigma towards schizophrenia, and (4) consumer satisfaction. This intervention study involved 59 patients, and their families, from the Da Nang Psychiatric Hospital, randomly assigned to treatment (n=30) or control (n=29) conditions. Control subjects received services as usual (antipsychotic medication); treatment group subjects received the FSPP as well. Blind-rater assessments were conducted at T1 immediately after project enrollment (prior to participating in the FSPP) and at T2 six months later. There were significant treatment effects on: (1) quality of life, (2) stigma, (3) medication compliance, and (4) consumer satisfaction, with all effects favoring the treatment group. Effect sizes were moderate to large. This psychoeducation program appears to reduce stigma, improve quality of life and medication compliance, and increase consumer satisfaction of Vietnamese patients with schizophrenia and their families, beyond the effects of antipsychotic medication. It involves relatively little cost, and it may be useful for it or equivalent programs to be implemented in other hospitals in Viet Nam, and potentially other low-income Asian countries to improve the lives of patients with schizophrenia. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Malformações congênitas em ruminantes no semiárido do Nordeste Brasileiro Congenital malformations in ruminants in the semiarid of the Brazilian Northeast

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Antônio Flávio M Dantas

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Malformações congênitas causadas pela ingestão de Mimosa tenuiflora têm sido observadas em ruminantes no semiárido do Nordeste Brasileiro. Neste trabalho foram estudadas as malformações congênitas em ruminantes diagnosticadas entre 2000 e 2008, em municípios da Paraíba, Pernambuco e Rio Grande do Norte. Durante o período foram recebidos 1.347 materiais de ruminantes para diagnóstico, desses 47 (3,48% foram dignosticados como malformações congênitas. Com base no tipo de malformação e na procedência do animal as malformações foram divididas em: 1 causadas pelo consumo de M. tenuiflora; e 2 malformações esporádicas, sem causa conhecida. De 418 materiais de ovinos, 21 corresponderam a malformações, sendo 18 (4,3% do total de materiais de malformações causadas por M. tenuiflora e 3 (0,71% de malformações esporádicas. De 434 materiais de bovinos, 14 foram diagnosticados como malformações, sendo 8 (1,84% causadas por M. tenuiflora e 6 (1,38% malformações esporádicas. De 495 materiais de caprinos, 12 apresentaram malformações, sendo 9 (1,81% causadas pela ingestão de M. tenuiflora e 3 (0,6% malformações esporádicas. As principais malformações causadas por M. tenuiflora foram artrogripose, micrognatia, palatosquise, microftalmia e hipoplasia ou aplasia unilateral ou bilateral dos ossos incisivos. As malformações esporádicas incluiram: acefalia e hermafroditismo, dicefalia e malformações de vasos intestinais em ovinos; atresia anal em três caprinos; e hidranencefalia, atresia anal, malformações de costelas com eventração, hipoplasia cerebelar e hidrocefalia, coristoma pulmonar e meningocele, e gêmeos siameses em bovinos. O caso de hipoplasia cerebelar com hidrocefalia foi negativo pela imuno-histoquímica para o vírus da diarreia viral bovina. Malformações congênitas causadas por M. tenuiflora ocorreram durante todo o ano. A maior frequência em ovinos está aparentemente associada ao consumo da

Primary drug-resistant tuberculosis in Hanoi, Viet Nam: present status and risk factors.

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Nguyen Thi Le Hang

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB to anti-tuberculosis (TB drugs presents a serious challenge to TB control worldwide. We investigated the status of drug resistance, including multidrug-resistant (MDR TB, and possible risk factors among newly diagnosed TB patients in Hanoi, the capital of Viet Nam. METHODS: Clinical and epidemiological information was collected from 506 newly diagnosed patients with sputum smear- and culture-positive TB, and 489 (96.6% MTB isolates were subjected to conventional drug susceptibility testing, spoligotyping, and 15-locus variable numbers of tandem repeats typing. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs were calculated to analyze the risk factors for primary drug resistance. RESULTS: Of 489 isolates, 298 (60.9% were sensitive to all drugs tested. Resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol, and MDR accounted for 28.2%, 4.9%, 28.2%, 2.9%, and 4.5%, respectively. Of 24 isolates with rifampicin resistance, 22 (91.7% were MDR and also resistant to streptomycin, except one case. Factors associated with isoniazid resistance included living in old urban areas, presence of the Beijing genotype, and clustered strains [aOR = 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI 1.15-4.35; 1.91, 1.18-3.10; and 1.69, 1.06-2.69, respectively. The Beijing genotype was also associated with streptomycin resistance (aOR = 2.10, 95% CI 1.29-3.40. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV coinfection was associated with rifampicin resistance and MDR (aOR = 5.42, 95% CI 2.07-14.14; 6.23, 2.34-16.58, respectively. CONCLUSION: Isoniazid and streptomycin resistance was observed in more than a quarter of TB patients without treatment history in Hanoi. Transmission of isoniazid-resistant TB among younger people should be carefully monitored in urban areas, where Beijing strains and HIV coinfection are prevalent. Choosing an optimal treatment regimen on the basis of the results of drug susceptibility tests and monitoring of treatment

Cardiopatias congênitas em um serviço de referência: evolução clínica e doenças associadas Congenital heart diseases in a reference service: clinical evolution and associated illnesses

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Janaína Huber

2010-03-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Inúmeros fatores vêm contribuindo para a mudança do perfil do paciente com cardiopatia congênita (CC, incluindo o diagnóstico pré-natal e a disponibilidade de novos procedimentos terapêuticos. O conhecimento dessas mudanças é fundamental para um melhor atendimento. OBJETIVOS: Descrever o perfil dos pacientes com CC de um serviço de referência no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com 684 pacientes portadores de CC, em um serviço de cardiologia pediátrica, de janeiro de 2007 a maio de 2008. Esses pacientes foram entrevistados (e/ou seus pais e examinados (malformações congênitas, medidas antropométricas, além de terem seus prontuários revisados para mais detalhes sobre as cardiopatias, procedimentos e ecocardiografia. RESULTADOS: A idade dos pacientes variou de 16 dias a 66 anos, sendo 51,8% do sexo feminino, com 93,7% de brancos. A idade média determinada pelo diagnóstico foi de 15,8 ± 46,8 meses. As CC mais prevalentes foram a comunicação interventricular, a persistência do canal arterial e a Tetralogia de Fallot. Dos pacientes analisados, 59,1%, com idade média de 44,3 ± 71,2 meses, realizaram algum procedimento terapêutico; 30,4% tinham malformações congênitas extracardíacas; e 12 pacientes tinham síndrome genética comprovada. Quanto ao desenvolvimento, 46,6% tiveram atraso ponderoestatural e 13,7% atraso neuropsicomotor. Além disso, 18,4% apresentaram história familiar de cardiopatia congênita. CONCLUSÕES: O atraso neuropsicomotor e o baixo ganho ponderoestatural podem estar associados às CC. Estabelecer um perfil dos pacientes com CC atendidos em uma instituição de referência pode servir como base para o planejamento adequado do atendimento desta população.BACKGROUND: Several factors, which include prenatal diagnosis and availability of new therapeutic procedures, have contributed to change the profile of patients with congenital heart

Homens gays com deficiência congénita e/ou adquirida, física e/ou sensorial: duplo-fardo social

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Mónica José Abreu Sousa

Full Text Available O estudo apresentado, de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, enquadra-se na linha de trabalhos que procuram contribuir, através da fenomenologia, para a compreensão da perspectiva única de homens gays com deficiência congénita e/ou adquirida, física e/ou sensorial, no que concerne às vivências inerentes à deficiência física, bem como à sua orientação sexual. Nesse sentido, recorrendo a uma entrevista semiestruturada, o presente estudo procurou, através da descrição detalhada das experiências pessoais de dois participantes, compreender os seus valores, as suas crenças, as suas representações, as suas atitudes e opiniões, assim como as suas referências normativas. Entre outras conclusões, ressaltamos que, para além de as experiências de dupla discriminação serem relatadas de forma central pelos participantes, verifica-se, de igual modo, a emergência de significados existenciais alternativos que lhes possibilitem alcançar as suas expectativas quanto à vivência da homossexualidade e da sexualidade.

Detección precoz de hipoacusia neonatal no congénita en recién nacidos sometidos a ventilación mecánica en una unidad de neonatología de junio – septiembre 2012

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Díaz Torres, Mónica; Duque Cevallos, Sandra Marcela

2013-01-01

Introducción: La ventilación mecánica es una de las causas de hipoacusia en recién nacidos ingresados a una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales. Objetivo: Establecer el nivel de riesgo de los neonatos sometidos a ventilación mecánica de desarrollar hipoacusia no congénita en el Hospital Enrique Garcés de Quito durante Junio a septiembre del 2012. Sujeto: Se investigaron 101 pacientes que fueron Hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales de los cuales el 20,79% re...

Caracterización molecular de las formas precoces de distrofia de retina recesivas y esporádicas en población española: amaurosis congénita de Leber y Retinosis pigmentaria de inicio precoz

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Tatu, Sorina Daniela

2016-01-01

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de lectura: 27-01-2016 Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta 27-07-2017 Las distrofias hereditarias de la retina (DR) son un conjunto de trastornos que se producen por una degeneración primaria y progresiva de fotorreceptores. Entre ellas, la amaurosis congénita de Leber (LCA) representa la forma más precoz y severa, ocasionando ...

Effect of land use change on water discharge in Srepok watershed, Central Highland, Viet Nam

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Nguyen Thi Ngoc Quyen

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Srepok watershed plays an important role in Central Highland in Viet Nam. It impacts to developing social-economic conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to research elements which impact to natural resources in this watershed. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT model and Geography Information System (GIS were used to simulate water discharge in the Srepok watershed. The objectives of the research were to apply GIS and SWAT model for simulation water discharge and then, we assessed land use change which impacted on water discharge in the watershed. The observed stream flow data from Ban Don Stream gauge station was used to calibrate for the period from 1981 to 2000 and then validate for the period from 2001 to 2009. After using SWAT-CUP software to calibration, NSI reached 0.63 and R square value achieved 0.64 from 2004 to 2008 in calibration and NSI gained good level at 0.74 and R square got 0.75 from 2009 to 2012 in validation step at Ban Don Station. After that, land cover in 2010 was processed like land cover in 2000 and set up SWAT model again. The simulated water discharge in scenario 1 (land use 2000 was compared with scenario 2 (land use 2010, the simulation result was not significant difference between two scenarios because the change of area of land use was not much enough to affect the fluctuation of water discharge. However, the effect of land cover on water resource could be seen clearly via total water yield. The percentage of surface flow in 2000 was twice times more than in 2010; retard and base flow in 2000 was slightly more than in 2010. Therefore, decreased surface flow, increased infiltration capacity of water and enriched base flow resulted in the growth of land cover.

Estudo baseado na pesquisa de anticorpos IgM antitripanossoma no soro, destinado a avaliar a transmissão congênita da doença de Chagas, em hospital previdenciário da cidade de São Paulo

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Vicente Amato Neto

1977-02-01

Full Text Available Efetuaram os autores, em hospital previdenciário da cidade de São Pauto, estudo destinado a avaliar, quantitativamente, a ocorrência de transmissão congênita da doença de Chagas. Quatrocentas e noventa e duas mulheres grávidas foram inquiridas sobre a possibilidade de terem, anteriormente, adquirido essa parasitose e, a propósito, ficou apurado que 22 poderiam, com base em dados de diversas ordens, estar infectadas pelo Trypanosoma cruzi Quanto a essas pessoas selecionadas, por ocasião do parto houve coleta de sangue do cordão umbilical, permitindo execução de provas soro lógicas para diagnóstico da protozoose em questão e, fundamentalmente, de pesquisa de anticorpos IgM antitripanossoma por imunofluorescência. Em cinco oportunidades esses testes resultaram positivos, mas nunca houve detecção dos anticorpos do tipo mencionado, demarcando a inexistência, no grupo considerado, de passagens transplancetárias do microorganismo em tela. A investigação levada a efeito não evidenciou, portanto, contaminação de recém-nascido, de origem materna. Entretanto, serve de estímulo para averiguações congêneres em outros ambientes e regiões, nas quais endemicidade da tripanossomíase a nível sócio-econômico afiguram-se diferentes dos em vigor na análise realizada.

Diagnóstico antenatal de malformação adenomatoide cística congênita unilateral associada à síndrome de Taussig-Bing: relato de caso = Antenatal diagnosis of unilateral congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation associated with Taussig-Bing syndrome: case report

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Santos, Caroline Mombaque dos

2014-01-01

Conclusões: Não há descrição na literatura da associação entre síndrome de Taussig-Bing e malformação adenomatoide cística congênita. O diagnóstico ultrassonográfico precoce e o acompanhamento em unidade de Medicina Fetal são importantes para o planejamento de intervenções pré e pós-natais e aconselhamento familiar por equipe multiprofissional

Malformações cardíacas congênitas em necropsias pediátricas: características, associações e prevalência Congenital cardiac malformations in pediatric necropsies: characteristics, associations and prevalence

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Dinaldo de Lima Leite

2010-03-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: No Brasil, desde 2001, as anomalias congênitas constituem a segunda causa de morte em crianças menores de um ano, respondendo os defeitos cardiovasculares por 39,4% destes óbitos. OBJETIVOS: Conhecer a prevalência e as características das malformações cardíacas congênitas em necropsias pediátricas realizadas no Hospital Regional da Asa Sul, Brasília, DF, de janeiro de 1996 a dezembro de 2007. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, transversal, sendo revisadas 1591 necropsias realizadas de janeiro de 1996 a dezembro de 2007 e encontradas 189 (11,9% com malformações cardíacas congênitas, incluídas neste trabalho. RESULTADOS: As anomalias cardíacas foram observadas principalmente no grupo dos neomortos (117/61,9%, seguindo-se o grupo dos natimortos (35/18,5%, o grupo dos lactentes (30/15,9% e o grupo dos pré-escolares (7/3,7%, não havendo nenhum caso entre os escolares. As principais alterações detectadas nessa população foram: a comunicação interatrial em 96 pacientes (27%, a comunicação interventricular em 66 (18,5% e a persistência do canal arterial em 51 (14,3%, sem predomínio entre os sexos. Em 133 pacientes (70,4%, as cardiopatias eram múltiplas e em 96 (50,8% estavam associadas a anomalias de outros órgãos e sistemas; dentre esses, 45 (23,8% apresentaram cardiopatias como componentes de síndromes, destacando-se a alta prevalência de doenças cromossômicas, especialmente as trissomias, em todas as faixas etárias. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados deste trabalho mostram elevada prevalência de anomalias cardíacas congênitas em nosso meio e distribuição e associações semelhantes às observadas em países desenvolvidos. A elevada mortalidade associada a essas anomalias alerta para a necessidade de pesquisas mais abrangentes a fim de se conhecer os fatores de risco e buscar a prevenção primária de alguns desses defeitos.BACKGROUND: In Brazil, since 2001, the congenital abnormalities have represented the

Informe de personal de apoyo: Campaña, Hebe Edith (2014-2015)

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Campaña, Hebe Edith

2015-01-01

Exposición sintética de la labor desarrollada a. Ambiente y riesgo para defectos congénitos b. Epidemiología de defectos congénitos. + Tasas de prevalencia de defectos congénitos + Gastrosquisis y madre adolescente + Aborto espontáneo y defectos congénitos c. Prematuro e. Anomalías congénitas en grupos étnicos ...

High-performance Platinum-free oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction catalyst in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell.

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Chandran, Priji; Ghosh, Arpita; Ramaprabhu, Sundara

2018-02-26

The integration of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack into vehicles necessitates the replacement of high-priced platinum (Pt)-based electrocatalyst, which contributes to about 45% of the cost of the stack. The implementation of high-performance and durable Pt metal-free catalyst for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) could significantly enable large-scale commercialization of fuel cell-powered vehicles. Towards this goal, a simple, scalable, single-step synthesis method was adopted to develop palladium-cobalt alloy supported on nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (Pd 3 Co/NG) nanocomposite. Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) studies for the electrochemical activity towards ORR indicates that ORR proceeds via nearly four-electron mechanism. Besides, the mass activity of Pd 3 Co/NG shows an enhancement of 1.6 times compared to that of Pd/NG. The full fuel cell measurements were carried out using Pd 3 Co/NG at the anode, cathode in conjunction with Pt/C and simultaneously at both anode and cathode. A maximum power density of 68 mW/cm 2 is accomplished from the simultaneous use of Pd 3 Co/NG as both anode and cathode electrocatalyst with individual loading of 0.5 mg/cm 2 at 60 °C without any backpressure. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first of its kind of a fully non-Pt based PEM full cell.

Alterações neurológicas nas cardiopatias congênitas um estudo neuropatológico

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S. Rosemberg

1992-03-01

Full Text Available Estudo neuropatológico foi realizado em 190 autópsias consecutivas de pacientes com cardiopatias congênitas: 116 casos foram operados (grupo cirúrgico, GCg e os 74 restantes formam o grupo clínico (GCI. Alterações neuropatológicas foram observadas em 71 casos (41 no GCg e 30 no GCI. Entretanto, a maior parte dos 129 casos com exame normal morreu nas primeiras 72 horas após a cirurgia ou os eventos clínicos responsáveis pela morte. Quase todas as alterações foram hipóxico-isquêmicas. Infartos, únicos ou múltiplos, foram encontrados em 41 casos (23 no GCg e 18 no GCI. Mecanismo embólico foi detectado em 12 casos. Alterações hipóxicas difusas estavam presentes em 17 casos (10 no GCg e 7 no GCI. Hemorragias foram encontradas em 11 (6 no GCg e 5 no GCI. Em 17 casos (5 no GCI e 12 no GCg, o quadro foi o de uma leucomalacia periventricular. Todos os casos eram concernentes a crianças abaixo de 6 meses de idade. Em 7 casos, alterações inflamatórias foram detectadas (micro-abscessos difusos em 6 e abscesso de lobo frontal em 1. Quase todos os casos em ambos os grupos apresentaram complicações clínicas, isoladas ou associadas, potencialmente danosas para o cérebro, como parada cardíaca, baixo débito cardíaco, hipoxemia e insuficiência respiratória. Foi impossível determinar, em cada caso, a magnitude do fator ou fatores responsáveis pelo padrão neuropatológico correspondente. Não houve diferenças do padrão neuropatológico entre as cardiopatias com hiper ou hipofluxo pulmonar.

Síndromes nefróticos congénitos y hereditarios Congenital and heritable nephrotic syndromes

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Sandalio Durán Álvarez

2011-03-01

Full Text Available En los últimos años se han identificado muchos síndromes nefróticos familiares y esporádicos que no responden a los tratamientos habituales (esteroides e inmunosupresores, evolucionan con relativa rapidez a la insuficiencia renal crónica y se producen por mutaciones genéticas. La mayoría de los síndromes nefróticos que se trasmiten genéticamente y que pueden ser congénitos, presentarse en el primer año de la vida, o en el niño mayor, son atribuidos a mutaciones en los genes NPHS1, NPHS2, WT1 y LAMB2. Otros síndromes nefróticos producidos por mutaciones genéticas pueden no manifestarse hasta la adultez. El objetivo fundamental de esta revisión fue llamar la atención sobre los síndromes nefróticos producidos por mutaciones genéticas en los que no sólo no se obtienen resultados con los tratamientos inmunosupresores, si no en los que dichos tratamientos pueden ser perjudiciales para el paciente.In past years many familial and sporadic nephrotic syndromes refractory to usual treatments (steroids and immunosuppressives, evolve quickly to a chronic renal failure produced by genetic mutations. Most of nephrotic syndromes genetically transmitted and that may be congenital, present in the first year of life or in the older child, are attributable to NPHS1, NPHS2, WT1 and KLAMB2 gen mutations. Other nephrotic syndromes produced by genetic mutations may not appear until adulthood. The main objective of present review was to alert on the nephrotic syndromes produced by genetic mutations without response to immunosuppressive treatments, but on those in which such treatment may be dangerous for patient.

Enfisema lobar congénito: Relato de caso Congenital lobar emphysema: Study of a case

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Marcelo Cunha Fatureto

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O enfisema lobar congênito (ELC é uma malformação pouco frequente do desenvolvimento pulmonar, que pode ser a causa de insuficiência respiratória em lactentes. Esta doença caracteriza -se pela hiperinsuflação de um ou mais lobos pulmonares com compressão de parênquima normal e deslocamento contralateral do mediastino, causando insuficiência respiratória. O diagnóstico clínico é confirmado por exames radiológicos simples. O tratamento de escolha nos casos graves é a lobectomia, que apresenta resultados superiores ao tratamento clínico. Nosso propósito é relatar um caso desta rara patologia em lactente atendida em nosso serviço com quadro de insuficiência respiratória grave, sendo submetida a exames complementares tendo diagnóstico presuntivo de ELC. A doente foi submetida à lobectomia superior esquerda, com excelente evolução pós-operatória.Congenital Lobar Emphysema (CLE is a rare malformation of lung development, which may be the cause of respiratory insufficiency in the suckling child. It is produced by the hyperinsufflation of one or more lung lobs with compression of the normal lung parenchyma and contralateral displacement of the mediastinum. Clinical diagnosis is confirmed by simple radiology exams. Lobectomy has better results than clinical treatment and should be chosen. Our purpose is to present one case of this rare illness in a newborn seen in our service with serious respiratory insufficiency and after complementary exams, CLE was confirmed. The patient was submitted to a surgical procedure (lobectomy with an excellent post surgery evolution. Child is asymptomatic in long term follow up.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dengue Infection in Khanh Hoa Province, Viet Nam: A Stratified Cluster Sampling Survey.

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Mai, Vien Quang; Mai, Trịnh Thị Xuan; Tam, Ngo Le Minh; Nghia, Le Trung; Komada, Kenichi; Murakami, Hitoshi

2018-05-19

Dengue is a clinically important arthropod-borne viral disease with increasing global incidence. Here we aimed to estimate the prevalence of dengue infections in Khanh Hoa Province, central Viet Nam, and to identify risk factors for infection. We performed a stratified cluster sampling survey including residents of 3-60 years of age in Nha Trang City, Ninh Hoa District and Dien Khanh District, Khanh Hoa Province, in October 2011. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) against dengue were analyzed using a rapid test kit. Participants completed a questionnaire exploring clinical dengue incidence, socio-economic status, and individual behavior. A household checklist was used to examine environment, mosquito larvae presence, and exposure to public health interventions. IgG positivity was 20.5% (urban, 16.3%; rural, 23.0%), IgM positivity was 6.7% (urban, 6.4%; rural, 6.9%), and incidence of clinically compatible dengue during the prior 3 months was 2.8 per 1,000 persons (urban, 1.7; rural, 3.4). For IgG positivity, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was 2.68 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24-5.81) for mosquito larvae presence in water pooled in old tires and was 3.09 (95% CI, 1.75-5.46) for proximity to a densely inhabited area. For IgM positivity, the AOR was 3.06 (95% CI, 1.50-6.23) for proximity to a densely inhabited area. Our results indicated rural penetration of dengue infections. Control measures should target densely inhabited areas, and may include clean-up of discarded tires and water-collecting waste.

Prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas detectadas al nacimiento en un hospital de segundo nivel en Sinaloa

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Ana Beatriz Calderón-Alvarado

2017-11-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: la prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas (MC detectadas al nacimiento es de 2 a 5.5 neonatos vivos, variando significativamente según las características de la población y metodología del estudio.   OBJETIVO: determinar la prevalencia y tipos de MC en los recién nacidos atendidos por el servicio de neonatología en un periodo de un año.   MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio transversal. Se revisaron expedientes clínicos de recién nacidos vivos atendidos en el servicio de neonatología de nuestra institución durante el año 2015. Se incluyeron neonatos con alteraciones morfológicas detectadas al nacimiento y/o antes del alta hospitalaria, referidas en el expediente.   RESULTADOS: se detectaron 117 MC en 98 neonatos, de un total de 4,097 estudiados, obteniendo una prevalencia de 2.39% en el análisis por individuo y de 2.85%, tomando en cuenta el total de MC. Los aparatos y sistemas más afectados fueron: genitourinario (29.1%, osteomuscular (21.4% y circulatorio (16.2%. Las MC más frecuentes fueron: criptorquidia (14.5%, hipospadias (12.8% y anquiloglosia (10.3%. CONCLUSIÓN: la tasa de prevalencia de MC fue de 23.9 por 1,000 recién nacidos vivos, lo cual coincide con la reportada en el resto del mundo, siendo el aparato genitourinario el más afectado y la criptorquidia la MC más frecuente en nuestra población.

Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la catarata congénita e infantil Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the congenital and infantile cataract

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Merixy Charón Milián

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: la catarata de cualquier etiología es la una de las causas más importantes de ceguera tratable en los niños. Objetivos: caracterizar, desde los puntos de vista clínico y epidemiológico, la catarata congénita e infantil. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo en el Hospital Pediátrico "William Soler", entre enero de 2004 y junio de 2006. Se analizaron las variables: edad, sexo, procedencia, vía de captación, síntomas, factores de riesgo, localización, etiología probable y lateralidad de la catarata, alteraciones oculares asociadas y visión posquirúrgica. Los resultados se expresaron en media y porcentaje. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 4,9 años y para menores de 1 año de 6,6 meses. Predominaron los varones (60,32 %, los pacientes de La Habana (25,4 %, la remisión médica como vía de captación (71,43 %, la leucocoria (30,15 %, la presencia de anomalías congénitas múltiples (34,92 %, la localización central de la catarata (44,44 %, la causa idiopática (41,27 % y la bilateralidad (66,67 %. El 34,92 % de los pacientes tenía asociada otra anomalía ocular, y el 59,04 % de los ojos operados alcanzaron visión entre 0,7 y 1,0. Conclusiones: en la serie analizada predominaron los lactantes menores de 2 meses y los varones, los pacientes de La Habana, la remisión médica, la leucocoria y las anomalías congénitas múltiples asociadas, la localización central y la posible etiología; en las bilaterales, el origen hereditario; y en las unilaterales, la causa desconocida. La mejoría visual posquirúrgica fue mayor a medida que disminuyó la edad del paciente al momento de realizar la cirugía.Introduction: cataract of any etiology is one of the most important causes of treatable blindness in children. Objectives: to clinically and epidemiologically characterize the congenital and infantile cataract. Methods: a retrospective, observational and descriptive study was carried

Alteraciones neuropsicológicas en la hiperplasia adrenal congénita Neuropsychological disorders related to congenital adrenal hyperplasia

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Yaser Ramírez Benítez

2008-12-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: la hiperplasia adrenal congénita engloba un conjunto de enfermedades genéticas de transmisión autosómica recesiva caracterizadas por un trastorno de la esteroidogénesis suprarrenal. Constituye un caso típico de daño cerebral por el efecto patológico de las hormonas sexuales en el sistema nervioso en desarrollo, y a esto se le suman las secuelas secundarias al cuadro grave de crisis adrenal que aparece en la forma clásica a los pocos días de vida. MÉTODOS: estudio de caso en un niño de 6 años de edad con antecedentes de hiperplasia adrenal congénita perdedora de sal. Se determinaron los puntos débiles y fuertes en el desarrollo a través de la batería neuropsicológica Luria Inicial. Como complementario a la evaluación se aplicó la Escala de Inteligencia de Weschler y el Cuestionario de Comportamiento Infantil para padres y profesores. RESULTADOS: el niño presenta un perfil neuropsicológico caracterizado por bajas puntuaciones en: motricidad manual, habilidades viso-espaciales, impulsividad, pobre vocabulario, dificultades en operaciones de cálculos sencillos, en el reconocimiento de objetos por el tacto sin la ayuda visual y en la rapidez de procesamiento. La capacidad de inteligencia está en límites normales con un rendimiento más bajo en la escala no verbal. En la escala de comportamiento se identificaron las dificultades en la atención y en el aprendizaje. CONCLUSIONES: el perfil neuropsicológico se caracteriza por tener bajas ejecuciones en tareas verbales, no verbales y en la velocidad de procesamiento. El tratamiento hormonal en los primeros días de nacido permite que el desarrollo siga un curso "normal", pero todo proceso tiene un costo que se refleja en la adquisición de habilidades psicológicas superioresCongenital adrenal hyperplasia includes a series of genetic diseases of autosomal recessive transmission characterized by a disorder of suprarenal esteroidogenesis. This is a typical case of

Review of the odd chrysidid genus Loboscelidia Westwood, 1874 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Loboscelidiinae

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Lynn Kimsey

2012-08-01

Full Text Available The chrysidid genus Loboscelidia is reviewed and 11 new species are described, including L. cinnamonea (Borneo, L. fulgens (Viet Nam, L. fulva (Thailand, L. incompleta (India, L. kafae (Borneo, L. laminata (Viet Nam, L. meifungae (Borneo, L. nasiformis (Thailand, L. nitidula (Thailand, L. pecki (Viet Nam, and L. sisik (Borneo. A key to males of the species of Loboscelidia is given.

Social determinants of health and tobacco use in thirteen low and middle income countries: evidence from Global Adult Tobacco Survey.

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Krishna M Palipudi

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Tobacco use has been identified as the single biggest cause of inequality in morbidity. The objective of this study is to examine the role of social determinants on current tobacco use in thirteen low-and-middle income countries. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We used nationally representative data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS conducted during 2008-2010 in 13 low-and-middle income countries: Bangladesh, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, Philippines, Poland, Russian Federation, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Viet Nam. These surveys provided information on 209,027 respondent's aged 15 years and above and the country datasets were analyzed individually for estimating current tobacco use across various socio-demographic factors (gender, age, place of residence, education, wealth index, and knowledge on harmful effects of smoking. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to predict the impact of these determinants on current tobacco use status. Current tobacco use was defined as current smoking or use of smokeless tobacco, either daily or occasionally. Former smokers were excluded from the analysis. Adjusted odds ratios for current tobacco use after controlling other cofactors, was significantly higher for males across all countries and for urban areas in eight of the 13 countries. For educational level, the trend was significant in Bangladesh, Egypt, India, Philippines and Thailand demonstrating decreasing prevalence of tobacco use with increasing levels of education. For wealth index, the trend of decreasing prevalence of tobacco use with increasing wealth was significant for Bangladesh, India, Philippines, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay and Viet Nam. The trend of decreasing prevalence with increasing levels of knowledge on harmful effects of smoking was significant in China, India, Philippines, Poland, Russian Federation, Thailand, Ukraine and Viet Nam. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate a

Social determinants of health and tobacco use in thirteen low and middle income countries: evidence from Global Adult Tobacco Survey.

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Palipudi, Krishna M; Gupta, Prakash C; Sinha, Dhirendra N; Andes, Linda J; Asma, Samira; McAfee, Tim

2012-01-01

Tobacco use has been identified as the single biggest cause of inequality in morbidity. The objective of this study is to examine the role of social determinants on current tobacco use in thirteen low-and-middle income countries. We used nationally representative data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) conducted during 2008-2010 in 13 low-and-middle income countries: Bangladesh, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, Philippines, Poland, Russian Federation, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Viet Nam. These surveys provided information on 209,027 respondent's aged 15 years and above and the country datasets were analyzed individually for estimating current tobacco use across various socio-demographic factors (gender, age, place of residence, education, wealth index, and knowledge on harmful effects of smoking). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to predict the impact of these determinants on current tobacco use status. Current tobacco use was defined as current smoking or use of smokeless tobacco, either daily or occasionally. Former smokers were excluded from the analysis. Adjusted odds ratios for current tobacco use after controlling other cofactors, was significantly higher for males across all countries and for urban areas in eight of the 13 countries. For educational level, the trend was significant in Bangladesh, Egypt, India, Philippines and Thailand demonstrating decreasing prevalence of tobacco use with increasing levels of education. For wealth index, the trend of decreasing prevalence of tobacco use with increasing wealth was significant for Bangladesh, India, Philippines, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay and Viet Nam. The trend of decreasing prevalence with increasing levels of knowledge on harmful effects of smoking was significant in China, India, Philippines, Poland, Russian Federation, Thailand, Ukraine and Viet Nam. These findings demonstrate a significant but varied role of social determinants on current tobacco use within and

Immunological and viral determinants of dengue severity in hospitalized adults in Ha Noi, Viet Nam.

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Annette Fox

2011-03-01

Full Text Available The relationships between the infecting dengue serotype, primary and secondary infection, viremia and dengue severity remain unclear. This cross-sectional study examined these interactions in adult patients hospitalized with dengue in Ha Noi.158 patients were enrolled between September 16 and November 11, 2008. Quantitative RT-PCR, serology and NS1 detection were used to confirm dengue infection, determine the serotype and plasma viral RNA concentration, and categorize infections as primary or secondary. 130 (82% were laboratory confirmed. Serology was consistent with primary and secondary infection in 34% and 61%, respectively. The infecting serotype was DENV-1 in 42 (32%, DENV-2 in 39 (30% and unknown in 49 (38%. Secondary infection was more common in DENV-2 infections (79% compared to DENV-1 (36%, p<0.001. The proportion that developed dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF was 32% for secondary infection compared to 18% for primary infection (p = 0.14, and 26% for DENV-1 compared to 28% for DENV-2. The time until NS1 and plasma viral RNA were undetectable was shorter for DENV-2 compared to DENV-1 (p≤0.001 and plasma viral RNA concentration on day 5 was higher for DENV-1 (p = 0.03. Plasma viral RNA concentration was higher in secondary infection on day 5 of illness (p = 0.046. We didn't find an association between plasma viral RNA concentration and clinical severity.Dengue is emerging as a major public health problem in Ha Noi. DENV-1 and DENV-2 were the prevalent serotypes with similar numbers and clinical presentation. Secondary infection may be more common amongst DENV-2 than DENV-1 infections because DENV-2 infections resulted in lower plasma viral RNA concentrations and viral RNA concentrations were higher in secondary infection. The drivers of dengue emergence in northern Viet Nam need to be elucidated and public health measures instituted.

Persisting stigma reduces the utilisation of HIV-related care and support services in Viet Nam

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Thanh Duong Cong

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Seeking and utilisation of HIV prevention, treatment, care, and support services for people living with HIV is often hampered by HIV-related stigma. The study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences regarding treatment, care, and support amongst people living with HIV in Viet Nam, where the HIV epidemic is concentrated among injecting drug users, sex workers, and men who have sex with men. Methods In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted during September 2007 in 6 districts in Hai Phong with a very high HIV prevalence among injecting drug users. The information obtained was analysed and merged within topic areas. Illustrative quotes were selected. Results Stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV in the community and healthcare settings was commonly reported, and substantially hampered the seeking and the utilisation of HIV-related services. The informants related the high level of stigma to the way the national HIV preventive campaigns played on fear, by employing a “scare tactic” mainly focusing on drug users and sex workers, who were defined as “social evils” in the anti-drug and anti-prostitution policy. There was a strong exclusion effect caused by the stigma, with serious implications, such as loss of job opportunities and isolation. The support and care provided by family members was experienced as vital for the spirit and hope for the future among people living with HIV. Conclusions A comprehensive care and support programme is needed. The very high levels of stigma experienced seem largely to have been created by an HIV preventive scare tactic closely linked to the “social evil“ approach in the national policy on drug and prostitution. In order to reduce the stigma and create more effective interventions, this tactic will have to be replaced with approaches that create better legal and policy environments for drug users and sex workers.

Manifestações fonoaudiológicas relatadas por pais de crianças com hipotireoidismo congênito Speech-language pathology manifestations reported by parents of children with congenital hypothyroidism

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Ligia Oliva Ferreira

2011-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar manifestações fonoaudiológicas apresentadas por crianças com hipotireoidismo congênito e investigar a associação de tais manifestações com a época do diagnóstico e o início do tratamento. MÉTODOS: Responsáveis por 15 crianças diagnosticadas com hipotireoidismo congênito e atendidas pelo Serviço de Referência em Triagem Neonatal dos estados de Rondônia e Acre responderam a um questionário no qual deveriam relatar principalmente queixas fonoaudiológicas. A idade das crianças variou de 2 a 7 anos, 67% de meninos e 33% de meninas. A média de idade da época do diagnóstico foi de 1 mês e 3 dias e o tratamento iniciou-se, em média, com 1 mês e 6 dias. A dosagem do medicamento variou entre 5 mg/dia e 100 mg/dia. RESULTADOS: As queixas relatadas foram: atraso para início da linguagem oral, trocas na fala, fala ininteligível, comportamento agitado e comportamento nervoso. Alguns responsáveis não referiram queixas. Verificou-se que a maioria dos sujeitos apresentou problemas na fala (80% e a menor parte (7,7%, alteração auditiva. Para aqueles que referiram queixa, a média da época do diagnóstico e do início do tratamento foi mais tardia quando comparado àqueles que não as relataram. CONCLUSÃO: Foram relatadas manifestações fonoaudiológicas, principalmente relacionadas à fala. Além disso, houve associação entre a presença de queixa e problema de fala com a época do diagnóstico e o início do tratamento. Sugere-se a inserção do fonoaudiólogo no acompanhamento das crianças com hipotireoidismo congênito.PURPOSE: To identify speech-language pathology manifestations presented by children with congenital hypothyroidism, and to investigate the association of such manifestations with the time of diagnosis and beginning of treatment. METHODS: Caregivers of 15 children diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism who attended the Reference Service on Neonatal Screening of the states of Rond

Evidence for the Convergence Model: The Emergence of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1 in Viet Nam.

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Sumeet Saksena

Full Text Available Building on a series of ground breaking reviews that first defined and drew attention to emerging infectious diseases (EID, the 'convergence model' was proposed to explain the multifactorial causality of disease emergence. The model broadly hypothesizes disease emergence is driven by the co-incidence of genetic, physical environmental, ecological, and social factors. We developed and tested a model of the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI H5N1 based on suspected convergence factors that are mainly associated with land-use change. Building on previous geospatial statistical studies that identified natural and human risk factors associated with urbanization, we added new factors to test whether causal mechanisms and pathogenic landscapes could be more specifically identified. Our findings suggest that urbanization spatially combines risk factors to produce particular types of peri-urban landscapes with significantly higher HPAI H5N1 emergence risk. The work highlights that peri-urban areas of Viet Nam have higher levels of chicken densities, duck and geese flock size diversities, and fraction of land under rice or aquaculture than rural and urban areas. We also found that land-use diversity, a surrogate measure for potential mixing of host populations and other factors that likely influence viral transmission, significantly improves the model's predictability. Similarly, landscapes where intensive and extensive forms of poultry production overlap were found at greater risk. These results support the convergence hypothesis in general and demonstrate the potential to improve EID prevention and control by combing geospatial monitoring of these factors along with pathogen surveillance programs.

Frecuencia y factores de riesgo asociados a desnutrición de niños con cardiopatía congénita

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Villasís-Keever Miguel Angel

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia y factores asociados a desnutrición en niños con cardiopatía congénita (CC. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal analítico, hecho entre agosto de 1997 y mayo de 1998, en el servicio de cardiopatías congénitas del hospital de Cardiología del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social de la Ciudad de México, México, a 244 menores de 17 años, de ambos sexos, con diagnóstico de CC y sin otras malformaciones. El estado de nutrición se evaluó mediante los índices peso/edad (P/E, talla/edad (T/E y peso/talla (P/T, y se definió desnutrición con puntuaciones Z mayores a -2. Se consideraron factores de riesgo: edad, sexo, antecedentes perinatales, historia de alimentación, administración de suplementos nutricios, estado socioeconómico y funcionalidad y composición de la familia. Se formaron cuatro grupos de CC: acianógenas con flujo pulmonar aumentado (AFPA o con flujo pulmonar normal (AFPN; cianógenas con flujo pulmonar aumentado (CFPA o disminuido (CFPD. Análisis estadístico: ji cudrada, U-Mann Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis. Se aplicó regresión logística para el control de las variables de confusión y se calculó razón de momios (RM e intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC 95%. Resultados. El grupo de AFPA (62.7% fue el más frecuente, seguido por CFPD (15.6%, AFPN (11.5% y CFPA (10.2%; con P/E, 40.9% tuvieron desnutrición; con T/E, 24.6%; y con P/T, 31.1%. Los grupos más afectados fueron los lactantes y los ninos con CFPA. Los factores asociados a desnutrición fueron: presencia de cardiopatía cianógena (RM 2.54; IC 95% 0.98-6.58 y la falta de administración de algún complemento nutricio (RM 2.38; IC 95% 1.06-5.34. Entre mayor número de miembros en una familia (RM 1.42; IC 95% 0.99-2.05 mayor frecuencia de desnutrición; a mayor edad menor riesgo de desnutrición (RM 0.92; IC 95% 0.89-0.96. Conclusiones. La desnutrición en niños con CC es frecuente; es

Implante intra-ocular de lentes dobráveis "piggyback" em paciente portador de catarata congênita no primeiro ano de vida: relato de caso Piggyback foldable intraocular lens implant in patient with congenital cataract in the first year of life: case report

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Leonardo Akaishi

2004-12-01

Full Text Available No presente relato os autores descrevem um caso de catarata congênita unilateral tratada cirurgicamente com implante intra-ocular de lentes dobráveis "piggyback", ainda não descrito na literatura nacional. São analisadas as diferenças e semelhanças com outros casos descritos na literatura.The authors report a case of congenital cataract, which was treated with piggyback foldable intraocular lens implant, not described in the Brazilian literature. The differences and similarities are analyzed with other reported cases in the literature.

Relação entre a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família e o diagnóstico de sífilis na gestação e sífilis congênita

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Saraceni,Valéria; Miranda,Angélica Espinosa

2012-01-01

Este estudo procurou correlacionar as informações disponíveis em sistemas nacionais de informação em saúde sobre notificações de sífilis em gestante, sífilis congênita e cobertura populacional da Estratégia Saúde da Família (FHS). As estimativas de notificação foram calculadas de acordo com o Estudo Sentinela Parturiente de 2004 do Ministério da Saúde e os dados observados foram obtidos na Internet, nas páginas da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e da Secretaria de Atenção em Saúde, para o a...

Saturação periférica de oxigênio, frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial sistêmica em crianças portadoras de cardiopatia congênita cianogênica com hipofluxo pulmonar durante procedimento odontológico

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Rosane Menezes Faria Dutra

2012-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: Crianças portadoras de cardiopatia congênita cianogênica com hipofluxo pulmonar (CCCHP) necessitam de tratamento odontológico com frequência. Não encontramos estudos na literatura sobre o impacto na oxigenação dessas crianças durante os procedimentos odontológicos. A hipótese inicial era de que essas crianças submetidas a tratamento odontológico em consultório, poderiam apresentar alterações de saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), pressão arterial sistêmica (PA) e frequência c...

Epidemiología del hipotiroidismo congénito en México Epidemiology of congenital hypothyroidism in Mexico

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Marcela Vela-Amieva

2004-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Describir las características epidemiológicas del hipotiroidismo congénito en recién nacidos en unidades médicas de la Secretaría de Salud de México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal en el cual se cuantificó tirotropina en 1 379 717 muestras de sangre de recién nacidos (de cordón umbilical o de talón, recolectadas en papel filtro, de enero de 2001 a diciembre de 2002, en unidades médicas de la Secretaría de Salud. Las muestras con tirotropina >15 µUI/ml para sangre de cordón, y > 10 µUI/ml para talón, se consideraron sospechosas, y se notificaron para realizar el perfil tiroideo y gammagrafía. Cuando los resultados fueron positivos, el caso se registró como hipotiroidismo congénito confirmado, y se anotaron los datos clínicos y demográficos en formatos específicos. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva estándar. RESULTADOS: Se encontró una prevalencia de 4.12 x 10 000 recién nacidos, con predominancia del sexo femenino (66.84%. Se observaron variaciones estatales en la prevalencia, máxima en Quintana Roo (8.13 x 10 000 recién nacidos y mínima en Sinaloa (0.62 X 10 000. Se encontraron 57.46% tiroides ectópicas, 35.91% agenesias tiroideas y 6.63% defectos de la función de las hormonas tiroideas. Los principales datos clínicos fueron hernia umbilical (43.73% e ictericia (41.58%. A 151 (17.12% sospechosos no se les realizó estudio confirmatorio debido a datos incompletos o falsos en la ficha de identificación, fallecimiento del recién nacido, renuencia de los padres y cambio de domicilio. CONCLUSIONES: El hipotiroidismo se presentó en 1:2 426 recién nacidos, con predominio femenino (2:1, siendo la ectopia tiroidea su forma más común, y la hernia umbilical y la ictericia sus datos clínicos prominentes.OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of congenital hypothyroidism (CH in newborns (NB detected by the Ministry of Health of Mexico (SSA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross

Sífilis congénita en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, Bucaramanga (Colombia, 2006 - 2007

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Cecilia del Carmen Matos Mareño

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes. La sífilis congénita (SC aumenta en nuestro país a pesar de existir un programa diseñado para su control. Se requiere conocer las características de los afectados y sus padres, para implementar medidas de control. Objetivo. Caracterizar los casos de SC atendidos en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, Bucaramanga (Colombia, entre Junio/2006 y Septiembre/2007. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal prospectivo. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas y clínicas de los recién nacidos y sus padres. Resultados. Se presentaron 36 recién nacidos (RN con SC. Nueve sintomáticos (25%, 6 con compromiso del sistema nervioso central (16.7%; 2 murieron (5.6%. En 12 casos (33.3% las madres no hicieron control prenatal; 16 (44.4% no aparecen inscritas al sistema de seguridad social en salud. Tres madres (8.3% infectadas por VIH; 6 (16.7% con más de 9 compañeros sexuales y 10 (27.8% con un compañero sexual; 8 (22.2% usó drogas ilícitas. El diagnóstico de sífilis fue hecho en el tercer trimestre del embarazo en 15 casos (41.7% y 14 (38.9% en postparto. El 47.2% de las madres no recibió tratamiento durante el embarazo (17 casos; 25 padres (69.5% no lo recibieron. Conclusiones. Pese a que la SC es una enfermedad prevenible, en el Hospital Universitario de Santander se encontraron 36 casos entre junio de 2006 a septiembre 2007. Sobresalen factores inherentes a la madre, a su entorno y al acceso al servicio de salud que hacen que la SC aumente en nuestro medio. Para modificar la incidencia de la SC es mandatorio mejorar la calidad del control prenatal, garantizar el acceso y captación de las gestantes de manera oportuna, lograr adherencia a los protocolos de manejo por parte de las IPS para poder mejorar la calidad de vida de la infancia en Santander

Tortícolis muscular congénita: punto de vista del cirujano plástico

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F.J. Villegas-Alzate

2014-03-01

Full Text Available La tortícolis muscular congénita es una entidad frecuente, presente al nacimiento como una banda fibrosa o tumor en la región del músculo esternocleidomastoideo, que produce cambios restrictivos reflejados en trastornos progresivos del crecimiento y posición de la cabeza y en la rotación y flexión del cuello. El diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos con fisioterapia y aparatología pueden evitar su secuencia de asimetría craneofacial y daño ocular, de difícil corrección una vez instaurados. Los casos que no responden al tratamiento médico inicial se benefician de cirugía. Presentamos la experiencia quirúrgica con 16 pacientes entre 9 y 32 años con seguimiento de entre 10 semanas y 15 años. El tratamiento quirúrgico consistió en 3 tenotomías de las inserciones del músculo esternocleidomastoideo a través de abordaje directo por dos incisiones pequeñas. Cuantificamos la mejoría de la posición de la cabeza por mediciones angulares en las fotografías pre y postoperatorias en vistas anterior y posterior, demostrando correcciones de entre el 53 y el 100% con promedio del 83% . En algunos casos medimos la movilidad del cuello con un transportador de ángulos confeccionado en consulta. En todos los casos logramos mejoría sustancial, sin complicaciones y con cicatrices aceptables; la columna lateral del cuello en el sitio del músculo seccionado recuperó su continuidad, sin percepción de corte abrupto, depresión o hundimiento. No observamos correlación entre la mejoría lograda y la severidad de la deformidad, ni tampoco con la edad del paciente en el momento de la cirugía, ya que a pesar de que en algunos casos había finalizado el crecimiento y el estado era avanzado, la mejoría fue buena.

Características de los cuidadores de niños con cardiopatías congénitas complejas y su calidad de vida Características dos cuidadores de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas complexas e sua qualidade de vida Characteristics of care takers for children with complex congenital heart defects and the quality of life of the former

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ELIZABETH ROMERO MASSA

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: establecer la relación entre las características y la calidad de vida de los cuidadores familiares de niños con cardiopatías congénitas. Método: estudio analítico transversal. Se midió la calidad de vida con el instrumento propuesto por Ferrell et ál. (1997, "Medición de la calidad de vida de un miembro familiar que brinda cuidados a un paciente". Los cuidadores se caracterizaron con la encuesta "Caracterización de los cuidadores", diseñada por el grupo de Cuidado al Paciente Crónico, de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Para estimar la asociación entre las características de los cuidadores y las dimensiones de la calidad de vida se utilizó el análisis a través de los intervalos de confianza, considerando una diferencia de promedios significativa aquella en la cual que su intervalo de confianza no pasa por 0. Resultados: participaron 91 cuidadores familiares principales de niños con cardiopatías congénitas complejas de la ciudad de Cartagena. Incluyen la asociación entre las características de los cuidadores y los cuatro aspectos del bienestar que evalúan la calidad de vida según Ferrel. Las características que mostraron mayor asociación con las dimensiones de la calidad de vida fueron edad, nivel socioeconómico, tiempo de cuidado y ser único cuidador. Conclusiones: al asociar las características de los cuidadores con la calidad de vida de los mismos se encontró que el nivel socioeconómico y ser único cuidador guarda asociación con el bienestar psicológico reportado, mientras que ser único cuidador se asocia en forma significativa con la dimensión social.Objetivo: estabelecer a relação entre as características e a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores familiares de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas. Método: estudo analítico transversal. A qualidade de vida foi medida mediante o instrumento proposto por Ferrell et ál. (1997, "Medição da qualidade de vida de um membro familiar que cuida de

Uso de pericardio bovino para la corrección de cardiopatías congénitas Use of bovine pericardium for correcting congenital cardiopathies

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Juan C Rendón

2007-08-01

Full Text Available El parche de pericardio bovino se ha utilizado como una alternativa para diferentes patologías quirúrgicas, entre las que se incluyen las malformaciones cardiacas congénitas. Pese a ello, hay pocos artículos que reportan la experiencia con este tipo parche. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la experiencia con el uso de pericardio bovino para la reconstrucción de cardiopatías en la Clínica Cardiovascular Santa María, desde 1994. Materiales y métodos: se sometieron 520 pacientes a un procedimiento quirúrgico correctivo o paliativo de alguna cardiopatía congénita en la que se utilizó el parche de pericardio bovino. De éstos, 163 tenían un seguimiento de por lo menos dos años. Se evaluó la localización del parche, el tipo de procedimientos, la supervivencia, las calcificaciones, los aneurismas y las fugas. Así mismo, se evaluó la clase funcional y se comparó la supervivencia de los pacientes de acuerdo con la localización y el tipo de parche. Resultados: se realizaron 520 procedimientos en los cuales se usó el parche de pericardio bovino. Las malformaciones predominantes fueron los defectos septales (58%, seguidos de la tetralogía de Fallot (16%. También se utilizó el parche en conexiones anómalas venosas totales o parciales y atresia pulmonar, entre otros. El 50,9% estaba localizado de manera sistémica y el 49,1% en la circulación pulmonar. De acuerdo con la localización, 50,3% eran intra cardiacos y 49,7% extra cardiacos. En la implantación se reportaron dos fugas, dos sangrados y tres reintervenciones. Durante el seguimiento sólo se reportaron tres fugas. La supervivencia global fue de 95%. No hubo diferencias significativas en la supervivencia de los parches intra o extra cardiacos ni en los que soportaban la circulación sistémica o pulmonar. No se reportaron calcificaciones. El 95% de los pacientes tenían clase funcional I ó II y los restantes III ó IV. Conclusiones: el parche de pericardio bovino es

Linguistic complex networks as a young field of quantitative linguistics. Comment on "Approaching human language with complex networks" by J. Cong and H. Liu

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Köhler, Reinhard

2014-12-01

We have long been used to the domination of qualitative methods in modern linguistics. Indeed, qualitative methods have advantages such as ease of use and wide applicability to many types of linguistic phenomena. However, this shall not overshadow the fact that a great part of human language is amenable to quantification. Moreover, qualitative methods may lead to over-simplification by employing the rigid yes/no scale. When variability and vagueness of human language must be taken into account, qualitative methods will prove inadequate and give way to quantitative methods [1, p. 11]. In addition to such advantages as exactness and precision, quantitative concepts and methods make it possible to find laws of human language which are just like those in natural sciences. These laws are fundamental elements of linguistic theories in the spirit of the philosophy of science [2,3]. Theorization effort of this type is what quantitative linguistics [1,4,5] is devoted to. The review of Cong and Liu [6] has provided an informative and insightful survey of linguistic complex networks as a young field of quantitative linguistics, including the basic concepts and measures, the major lines of research with linguistic motivation, and suggestions for future research.

Clorhidrorrea congénita:: primer reporte en Cuba Congenital chlorhydria:: first report in Cuba

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Carlos Ramírez Pérez

2009-12-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se exponen los antecedentes prenatales, perinatales y posnatales de un lactante de 6 meses de edad, del sexo masculino, con clorhidrorrea congénita, así como el cuadro clínico, diagnóstico y tratamiento utilizado. Un elemento significativo lo constituyó la expulsión anal de abundante líquido no meconial desde las primeras horas de nacido, así como alcalosis metabólica grave y la presencia de desnutrición rápidamente progresiva. En los exámenes complementarios se constató hipocloremia de un 50 % con respecto a las cifras de referencia y un pH sanguíneo mayor de 7,50. El diagnóstico confirmatorio se obtuvo al comprobar concentraciones de cloro en heces fecales superiores a las de la suma de sodio y potasio. Se proponen indicadores diagnósticos prenatales entre los que tienen gran valor la consanguinidad, el polihidramnios y los resultados del ultrasonido en el tercer trimestre del embarazo. El diagnóstico precoz permitió establecer el tratamiento y evitó el frecuente desenlace fatal. Es el primer caso de esta enfermedad que se informa en el país.In present paper are showed the prenatal, perinatal and postnatal backgrounds from a male breast-fed baby aged 6 months presenting with congenital chlorhydria, as well as the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment applied. A significant element was the anal expulsion of non-meconium abundant fluid from the first hours of born, as well as a severe metabolic alkalosis and the presence of a quickly progressive malnutrition. In complementary examinations was confirmed a 50% hypochloremia regarding the reference figures and a blood pH over 7,50. Confirmatory diagnosis was achieved verifying the chlorine concentrations in feces higher to that of the sum of sodium and potassium. Prenatal diagnostic indicators are proposed those with higher value including the consanguinity, polyhydramnios and the US results during the third trimester of pregnancy. Early diagnosis

Ascitis en ausencia de edema: forma rara de inicio de la linfangiectasia intestinal congénita Ascites in absence of edema: a rare form of onset of congenital intestinal lymphangiectasis

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Luis Francisco Martínez Cardet

2005-06-01

Full Text Available La linfangiectasia intestinal congénita, enteropatía perdedora de proteínas de aparición esporádica que afecta fundamentalmente a niños y adultos jóvenes, se inicia por lo general con edemas y diarreas. Mostramos el caso de un lactante que presentó ascitis en ausencia de edemas, así como los hallazgos clínicos, de laboratorio e histológicos y la respuesta al tratamiento con triglicéridos de cadena mediaCongenital intestinal lymphangiectasis, a protein-losing enteropathy that appears sporadically and affects mainly children and young adults, begins generally with edemas and diarrheas. The case of an infant that presented ascites in absence of edemas is presented. The clinical, laboratory and histological findings, as well as the response to the treatment with mean chain triglycerides are included in this paper

Uso da prótese vertical expansível de titânio para costela no tratamento da cifose congênita em portadores de mielomeningocele torácica Uso de la prótesis vertical expansible de titanio para costilla en el tratamiento de la cifosis congénita en portadores de mielomeningocele torácico Use of vertical expandable prosthetic of titanium for the rib for treating congenital kyphosis in thoracic meningomyelocele patients

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Guilherme Rebechi Zuiani

2009-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar os resultados clínicos e radiográficos pós-operatórios da correção de cifose congênita em pacientes com mielomeningocele de nível torácico, utilizando a prótese vertical expansível de titânio para costela (VEPTR. MÉTODOS: estudo retrospectivo de 19 pacientes com mielomeningocele torácica e cifose congênita submetidos a tratamento com VEPTR, entre Outubro de 2005 e Outubro de 2008, com avaliação radiográfica e clínica pré e pós-operatória imediata. Foram avaliadas também a duração do procedimento cirúrgico, a necessidade de transfusão sanguínea e as complicações pós-operatórias. RESULTADOS: a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 70 meses ou cinco anos e dez meses (32 a 130 meses. A média de seguimento dos pacientes foi de 13,5 meses (2 a 26 meses. A duração média do procedimento foi de 117 minutos (variação de 70 a 195 minutos. Todas as crianças adquiriram equilíbrio de tronco, sendo que 13 delas não apresentavam isto no pré-operatório. A média da cifose pré-operatória foi de 115° (80° a 150° e pós-operatória de 77° (50° a 104°, com porcentagem média de correção de 31,2% (1,1 a 61,5%. O desequilíbrio do tronco pré-operatório foi de 7,9 cm, em média (1,0 a 15,5 cm e pós-operatório de 3,4 cm (0 a 8 cm. A correção média desse desequilíbrio foi de 50,4% (0 a 100%. Com relação ao peso, no pré-operatório a média foi de 15,4 kg (8 a 30 kg, e no pós-operatório de 20,6 kg (8,5 a 35 kg. O ganho médio de peso foi de 36,6% (9,8 a 100%. Dos 19 pacientes, cinco (26,3% apresentaram complicações pós-operatórias. Nenhum paciente necessitou de transfusão sanguínea. CONCLUSÃO: a utilização do VEPTR nos pacientes portadores de mielomeningocele torácica com cifose congênita tem se mostrado uma alternativa eficaz e promissora de controle da deformidade em pacientes esqueleticamente imaturos.OBJETIVO: evaluar los resultados clínicos y radiográficos postoperatorios

Congenital muscular dystrophy. Part I: a review of phenotypical and diagnostic aspects Distrofia muscular congênita. Parte I: revisão dos aspectos fenotípicos e diagnósticos

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Umbertina Conti Reed

2009-03-01

Full Text Available The congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs are a group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous hereditary myopathies with preferentially autosomal recessive inheritance, that are characterized by congenital hypotonia, delayed motor development and early onset of progressive muscle weakness associated with dystrophic pattern on muscle biopsy. The clinical course is broadly variable and can comprise the involvement of the brain and eyes. From 1994, a great development in the knowledge of the molecular basis has occurred and the classification of CMDs has to be continuously up dated. We initially present the main clinical and diagnostic data concerning the CMDs related to changes in the complex dystrophin-associated glycoproteins-extracellular matrix: CMD with merosin deficiency (CMD1A, collagen VI related CMDs (Ullrich CMD and Bethlem myopathy, CMDs with abnormal glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (Fukuyama CMD, Muscle-eye-brain disease, Walker-Warburg syndrome, CMD1C, CMD1D, and the much rarer CMD with integrin deficiency. Finally, we present other forms of CMDs not related with the dystrophin/glycoproteins/extracellular matrix complex (rigid spine syndrome, CMD1B, CMD with lamin A/C deficiency, and some apparently specific clinical forms not yet associated with a known molecular mechanism. The second part of this review concerning the pathogenesis and therapeutic perspectives of the different subtypes of CMD will be described in a next number.As distrofias musculares congênitas (DMCs são miopatias hereditárias geralmente, porém não exclusivamente, de herança autossômica recessiva, que apresentam grande heterogeneidade genética e clínica. São caracterizadas por hipotonia muscular congênita, atraso do desenvolvimento motor e fraqueza muscular de início precoce associada a padrão distrófico na biópsia muscular. O quadro clínico, de gravidade variável, pode também incluir anormalidades oculares e do sistema nervoso central. A

Relato de um caso de neutropenia congênita grave em um lactente jovem A case report of severe congenital neutropenia in a young infant

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Lucas Fadel M. dos Santos

2011-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Relatar um caso de neutropenia congênita grave e alertar os pediatras sobre tal diagnóstico em pacientes jovens, com infecções recorrentes. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Lactente jovem com 45 dias de vida, com história de febre alta, letargia, recusa alimentar e hemogramas repetidos com leucopenia importante à custa de polimorfonucleares. A hipótese diagnóstica foi confirmada pelo aspirado de medula óssea, que mostrou hipoplasia de série granulocítica e completa ausência de neutrófilos maduros. Foi introduzida antibioticoterapia de largo espectro e estimulador da formação de colônias de granulócitos. O paciente evoluiu para óbito em decorrência de complicações infecciosas após 21 dias de internação. COMENTÁRIOS: Trata-se de um lactente jovem, portador de uma rara desordem congênita que leva à intensa neutropenia, deixando-o vulnerável a infecções graves e potencialmente fatais. À internação, o paciente apresentava sinais e sintomas sugestivos de sepse, sendo introduzido antibioticoterapia de amplo espectro, necessária por se tratar de lactente jovem, neutropênico e febril. A hipótese diagnóstica se baseou na história clínica e nos leucogramas alterados, sendo posteriormente confirmada pelo aspirado de medula óssea. Foi introduzido o estimulador da formação de colônias de granulócitos, que geralmente é efetivo, porém, nesse caso, não houve sucesso e o paciente evoluiu para óbito devido à grave infecção.OBJECTIVE: To report a case of severe congenital neutropenia and alert pediatricians about its diagnosis in young patients with recurrent infectious diseases. CASE DESCRIPTION: Young infant with 45 days of life, with a history of high fever, lethargy, poor feeding and repeated blood counts showing significant leucopenia due to a significant decrease of polymorphonuclear cells. The diagnosis was confirmed by bone marrow aspirate showing hypoplasia of the granulocytic series and complete absence of

Caracterización clínica y epidemiológica de las cardiopatías congénitas Clinical and epidemiological characterization of congenital heart diseases

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Yanett Sarmiento Portal

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Introducción: las cardiopatías congénitas constituyen un grupo heterogéneo de defectos morfofuncionales del corazón y los vasos sanguíneos. Objetivo: caracterizar los factores clínicos y epidemiológicos asociados a las cardiopatías congénitas. Material y Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, tipo caso-control en el servicio de Neonatología del Hospital "Abel Santamaría", años 2010-11. El universo lo constituyeron los 11 138 nacidos vivos en dicho período. La muestra se dividió en Grupo Estudio: 70 niños con diagnóstico de CC en el período neonatal y Grupo Control: 140 recién nacidos a término, nacidos consecutivos a los del estudio, tomando dos controles por cada caso. Se utilizó el test de Ji Cuadrado con nivel de significación pIntroduction: congenital heart diseases constitute a heterogeneous group of heart morpho-functional and blood vessels defects. Objective: to characterize clinical and epidemiological factors associated with congenital heart diseases. Material and method: an observational, analytical, case-control type study was carried out in neonatology service at "Abel Santamaria Cuadrado" University Hospital during 2010-2011. The target group was comprised of 11 138 newborn infants in such period. The sample was divided into: Study Group (70 newborn infants having the diagnosis of congenital heart disease in the neonatal period and a Control Group: 140 at term newborn infants, born consecutively of those included into the Study Group, taking two controls per each case. Chi-square test with a level of significance p<0.05 and the odd ratio were used to determine the strength of association among the variables. Results: the incidence of heart diseases during the period was 6,3 per 1000 alive newborn infants. Maternal ages between 20 and 34 years old prevailed, where anaemia was the most prevailing disease found in the study group (17,1%, which was a risk factor. Toxic habits were present in 58

Rastreamento e diagnóstico ecocardiográfico das arritmias e cardiopatias congênitas fetais Screening and echocardiographic diagnosis of arrhythmias and congenital heart diseases in the fetus

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Sandra Regina Marques Carvalho

2006-05-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: analisar os resultados obtidos em programa de rastreamento e diagnóstico de arritmias e cardiopatias congênitas centrado em uma unidade terciária e determinar a importância do diagnóstico precoce na evolução fetal e neonatal. MÉTODOS: foram analisados os resultados da avaliação cardíaca fetal efetuada em 1159 gestantes em dois níveis diferentes. Nível I: uso da ultra-sonografia morfológica com o objetivo de rastrear a presença de alteração cardíaca, sem estabelecer um diagnóstico diferencial. Nível II: por ecocardiograma fetal com o objetivo de diagnosticar as cardiopatias fetais existentes. Os resultados da detecção de arritmias bem como da avaliação das alterações estruturais foram comparados, sendo estabelecidas a sensibilidade e a especificidade para ambos os níveis no pré-natal, ao exame pós-natal ou à necropsia. A concordância entre ambos os níveis foi calculada pelo índice kappa. RESULTADOS: as arritmias detectadas no nível I foram confirmadas em todos os casos e não houve falso-negativos, sendo que em cinco pacientes houve necessidade de tratamento intra-útero. A detecção das alterações estruturais obtidas no nível I teve sensibilidade de 72% e especificidade de 98%, com 28% de falso-positivos. No nível II estes parâmetros foram, respectivamente, de 100 e 99%. De acordo com o coeficiente kappa de 57%, um grau de concordância de categoria moderada foi observado entre ambos os níveis. Das cardiopatias congênitas da nossa série 51% necessitaram intervenção farmacológica ou invasiva no período neonatal. CONCLUSÃO: o estudo ultra-sonográfico obstétrico é fundamental no rastreamento das alterações cardíacas fetais. O ecocardiograma fetal apresentou alto índice de sensibilidade e especificidade no diagnóstico das arritmias e cardiopatias congênitas, possibilitando o tratamento precoce das alterações graves.PURPOSE: to analyze the results of a screening and diagnostic

Espectro óculo-aurículo-vertebral em pacientes com defeitos cardíacos congênitos

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Rafael Fabiano Machado Rosa

2010-10-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Há poucos estudos avaliando a frequência do espectro óculo-aurículo-vertebral (EOAV nos pacientes com defeitos cardíacos congênitos (DCC. OBJETIVO: Verificar a frequência do EOAV em uma amostra de pacientes com malformações cardíacas graves. MÉTODOS: Avaliamos uma coorte prospectiva de pacientes com DCC, admitidos em uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI cardiopediátrica no Brasil. O diagnóstico de EOAV foi feito com base em dados clínicos, considerando critérios padrões. Os pacientes que preenchiam esses critérios foram submetidos ao cariótipo de alta resolução com bandamento GTG e hibridização fluorescente in situ para a microdeleção 22q11.2. O teste exato de Fisher (P < 0,05 foi usado para as análises estatísticas. RESULTADOS: Durante o período de avaliação, 330 pacientes foram hospitalizados pela primeira vez na UTI, mas trinta deles não participaram deste estudo. Dos 300 pacientes que constituíram a amostragem final, o EOAV foi verificado em três casos (1%. Todos apresentaram estudos citogenéticos normais. CONCLUSÃO: O EOAV parece ser uma condição frequente em pacientes com DCC. Contudo, não podemos excluir a possibilidade de que a frequência de EOAV encontrada em nosso estudo possa ter sido subestimada devido à baixa taxa de detecção pré-natal de DCC e ao acesso limitado dos pacientes ao tratamento médico apropriado em nosso meio. Estudos prospectivos futuros com critérios clínicos bem definidos e pacientes com defeitos leves e graves serão importantes para avaliar o papel do EOAV na população em geral de indivíduos com malformações cardíacas.

Study of the natural radiation background affected on the human body in some areas of Viet Nam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ngo Van Thanh

2008-01-01

The author had studied the natural radiation background in 68 districts belong 40 provinces and cities of Vietnam from 2002 to 2005. The estimated results clearly show that the average external irradiation dose levels and the average annual external radiation equivalent dose affected on the human body are 0.181± 0.0189 μSv/h and 1599 ± 171.8 μSv/year respectively, both are in normal limit; the highest levels are in Lai Chau district (Lai Chau province); the lowest levels are in Buon Ma Thuot city (DakLak province), Phuoc Son district (Quang Nam province), Tan An district (Long An province). The radon concentration in the human being and the average annual internal inhalation irradiation equivalent dose affected on the human beings are 26.9 ± 15.89 Bq/m 3 and 392.88 ± 231.99 μSv/year respectively; the maximums are in Nha Trang city (Khanh Hoa province), Bac Binh district (Binh Phuoc province); the minimums are in Vung Tau city (Ba Ria- Vung Tau province), Tan An district (Long An province), Rach Gia district (Kien Giang province). The terrestrial radionuclide concentrations in the cereals, foodstuffs (rice, meat, vegetables), water, earth and the average annual internal irradiation equivalent dose are 829.2 ± 38.06 Bq/kg and 229.3 ± 67.70 μSv/year respectively; the highest levels are in Phong Tho district (Lai Chau province), Dien Bien city; the lowest levels are in Dong Xoai district (Binh Phuoc province), Tan An district (Long An province). The average total annual natural radiation background effective equivalent dose level affected on the human body is 2206.9 ± 529.30 μSv/year; the highest levels are in Lai Chau district (Lai Chau province); the lowest levels are in Tan An district (Long An province). The 14 maps of Natural Radiation Background in several localized regions belong 40 provinces and cities of Viet Nam had been set up. These results can reserve for serviceman and public health in the both wartime and peacetime. (author)

Economy of Vietnam

OpenAIRE

Adam McCarty

2001-01-01

Viet Nam was a country ruled by colonists, divided, or at war for most of the 20th century. Unification of the country in 1976 was followed by the invasion of Cambodia in 1978, and a subsequent brief but violent war with the People’s Republic of China. This legacy had profound consequences for economic development in general and for attempts to impose central planning in particular. Central planning was introduced in North Viet Nam in the 1950s, and in South Viet Nam after 1976, but less exte...

Malformações detectadas pelo ultrassom abdominal em crianças com cardiopatia congênita

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Rosana Cardoso Manique Rosa

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Malformações extracardíacas podem estar presentes em pacientes com cardiopatia congênita (CC, trazendo maior risco de comorbidade e mortalidade. OBJETIVO: Verificar a frequência e os tipos de anormalidades abdominais detectadas em crianças com e sem CC através do ultrassom abdominal (USA, comparar os pacientes quanto a seus achados dismórficos/citogenéticos e realizar uma estimativa do custo-benefício da triagem pelo USA. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com controle. Os casos consistiram de pacientes com CC admitidos pela primeira vez em uma unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica; os controles consistiram de crianças sem CC submetidas ao USA no hospital logo após cada caso. Todos os pacientes com CC foram submetidos ao USA, ao cariótipo de alta resolução e à hibridização in situ fluorescente (FISH para microdeleção 22q11.2. RESULTADOS: USA identificou anormalidades clinicamente significativas em 12,2% dos casos e em 5,2% dos controles (p = 0,009, com um poder de significância de 76,6%. A maioria das malformações com significado clínico foi de anomalias renais (10,4% nos casos e 4,9% nos controles, p = 0,034. No Brasil, o custo de um exame de USA pelo Sistema Único de Saúde é de 21 dólares. Uma vez que anormalidades clinicamente significativas foram observadas em um a cada 8,2 pacientes com CC, o custo para identificar uma criança afetada foi de 176 dólares. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com CC apresentam uma frequência significativa de anomalias detectadas pelo USA, um método diagnóstico barato e não invasivo, com boa sensibilidade. O custo da triagem para esses defeitos é consideravelmente menor que o custo para tratar as complicações do diagnóstico tardio de malformações abdominais, como a doença renal.

Enfisema lobar congénito com apresentação neonatal. Revisão de quatro casos clínicos

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Gustavo Rocha

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Introdução: O enfisema lobar congénito (ELC é uma anomalia rara do desenvolvimento pulmonar e a apresentação neonatal ocorre em cerca de 50% dos casos. Os autores apresentam quatro casos clínicos de ELC no recém-nascido. Casos clínicos: Quatro recém-nascidos de termo, 3M/1F, admitidos por dificuldade respiratória com início variável entre as 20 horas e os 18 dias de vida, apresentaram radiografia de tórax na admissão sugestiva de ELC, diagnóstico confirmado por tomografia axial computorizada. O ELC afectou o lobo superior direito em três casos e o lobo médio em um caso. Foi efectuada lobectomia nos quatro recém-nascidos. O estudo anatomopatológico das peças operatórias confirmou o diagnóstico nos quatro casos, tendo revelado hipoplasia da cartilagem da árvore brônquica em três. Conclusão: A casuística está de acordo com a literatura no predomínio no sexo masculino, forma de apresentação, tempo variável até ao diagnóstico, envolvimento unilobar e não identificação de causa evidente num dos casos. O tratamento cirúrgico foi universal. Abstract: Introduction: Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE is a rare anomaly of lung development that presents in the neonatal period in about 50% of the cases. The authors report four clinical cases of congenital lobar emphysema in the newborn. Clinical cases: Four term newborns, 3M/ 1F, were admitted for respiratory distress starting between 20 hours of life and 18 days. The chest x-ray at admission was suggestive of CLE and the diagnosis was confirmed by computorized tomography. The CLE affected the right upper lobe in three cases and the medium lobe in one case. All patients were treated with lobectomy. The pathological study of the surgical specimens confirmed the diagnosis in the four cases, and revealed hypoplasia of the bronquiolar tree cartilage in three. Conclusions: Our series is

Research and Policy on Parallel Courses

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Karen Kershaw

Despite its still considerable economic and social problems ... Some 80% of the Viet Nam's 80 million citizens live in rural ... successor, the five-year Viet Nam Economic and .... system and was therefore in need of research to guide its reforms.

Disceratose congênita: relato de caso e revisão da literatura Dyskeratosis congenita: case report and literature review

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Sílvia Pimenta de Carvalho

2003-10-01

Full Text Available A disceratose congênita é doença hereditária rara, caracterizada pela tríade de pigmentação reticulada da pele, distrofia ungueal e leucoceratose em mucosas. Alterações dentárias, gastrintestinais, geniturinárias, neurológicas, oftalmológicas, pulmonares e esqueléticas associadas têm sido relatadas. A falência medular é a principal causa de morte precoce e também é descrita predisposição para doenças malignas. Afeta principalmente homens, e reconhecem-se formas recessivas ligadas ao X, autossômicas dominantes e recessivas. Relata-se o caso de uma criança do sexo masculino, que apresentava a tríade clássica das lesões sem antecedentes familiares. Faz-se revisão da literatura com o objetivo de enfatizar a necessidade do acompanhamento médico multidisciplinar, de modo a permitir diagnóstico precoce das possíveis complicações.Dyskeratosis congenita is an inherited disease characterised by the triad of abnormal skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy and mucosal leukoplakia. Non-cutaneous abnormalities (dental, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, neurological, ophthalmic, pulmonary and skeletal have also been reported. Bone marrow failure is the main cause of early mortality, with an additional predisposition to malignancy. Men are more affected than women and X-linked recessive, autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive forms of the disease are recognised. We report a case of a male child who presented the classic triad of lesions, without familial cases. A review of the literature is also made, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, which is fundamental for an early diagnosis of the complications.

Catarata congênita: aspectos diagnósticos, clínicos e cirúrgicos em pacientes submetidos a lensectomia Congenital cataract: diagnostic, clinic and surgical features in patients submitted to lensectomy

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Márcia Lima Santos Oliveira

2004-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estabelecer o perfil clínico-terapêutico e resultados cirúrgicos de crianças submetidas a lensectomia. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 89 olhos operados de 62 crianças do Setor de Catarata Congênita do Departamento de Oftalmologia da UNIFESP-EPM. RESULTADOS: Entre as 62 crianças, 30,64% apresentaram causa infecciosa, 19,36% genética e 50% idiopática. Estrabismo foi encontrado em 54,83% das crianças e 27,42% apresentaram alterações sistêmicas. Quanto às condições gestacionais, 22,58% das mães não realizaram adequadamente o pré-natal. Consangüinidade foi observada em 17,74% dos casais e catarata congênita em 9,68% dos familiares. A suspeita diagnóstica foi realizada pelas mães em 72,58% dos casos, sendo leucocoria o principal sinal. A idade da suspeita diagnóstica variou de imediatamente após o nascimento até 15 meses (média = 1,34 meses, ao passo que a idade de atendimento no serviço variou de 8 dias a 20 meses (média = 5,84 meses. Opacidade secundária de eixo visual foi a principal complicação cirúrgica, ocorrendo em 19,1% dos olhos operados. Com relação à adesão ao tratamento pós-operatório, 45,16% apresentaram dificuldades quanto ao uso de oclusivo, óculos ou colírios. CONCLUSÃO: A rubéola persiste como uma das principais causas de catarata congênita em nosso meio, sendo necessário maior atenção às medidas preventivas A suspeita diagnóstica inicial da catarata é realizada principalmente pelas mães (72,58% e até os 3 meses de idade (93,44% período ideal para a recuperação visual. Há, porém, demora considerável entre a suspeita e o atendimento no serviço especializado. A realização tardia da cirurgia, juntamente com insatisfatória adesão ao tratamento pós-cirúrgico, compromete os resultados visuais finais.PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical and therapeutic profiles of children with congenital cataract submitted to lensectomy. METHODS: Retrospective study of 89 eyes of 62

Mortalidad infantil por malformaciones congénitas en Chile: análisis temporal y espacial, 1997-2011

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José Edgardo Dipierri

Full Text Available OBJETIVO:Analizar la distribución espacial y temporal (1997-2011 de la mortalidad infantil por malformaciones congénitas (MC en Chile. MÉTODOS: Los datos de nacimientos y muertes en menores de 1 año de edad codificados con la CIE-10 se obtuvieron del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. Para las regiones administrativas y las naturales (Norte Grande, Norte Chico, Central, Austral y Sur, sistemas (nervioso, cardiovascular, digestivo, genitourinario, musculo esquelético, anomalías cromosómicas y 28 malformaciones específicas, se estimaron el porcentaje de muertes por MC (PM-MC y la tasa de mortalidad infantil por MC (TMI-MC en 3 períodos (1997-2001, 2002-2009, 2007-2011. La tendencia secular y la variación del riesgo de muerte se estimaron con un modelo de regresión de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Para todo Chile, la tendencia secular de la TMI-MC y el PM-MC fueron negativa y positiva, respectivamente (P < 0,01. La TMI-MC y el PM-MC exhibieron una heterogeneidad espacial discreta en las regiones administrativas y naturales. La región natural que más se acercó al patrón nacional fue la Central. La tendencia secular de la TMI-MC de los sistemas nervioso y cardíaco y de algunas MC específicas (anencefalia, espina bífida, y comunicaciones interauricular e interventricular fue negativa. El patrón de mortalidad infantil por MC para todo Chile se caracteriza por presentar en el período 1997-2011 un descenso de la TMI-MC y un aumento del PM-MC. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados indican que Chile se encuentra en un estadio avanzado de la transición epidemiológica de las causas de mortalidad infantil. Sin embargo, se observan disparidades interregionales de estos indicadores, más notorias en el sur del país.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à visão em crianças com catarata congênita bilateral Assessing vision-related quality of life in children with bilateral congenital cataracts

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Marcia Caires Bestilleiro Lopes

2009-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à visão em crianças com catarata congênita bilateral, utilizando o Questionário de Função Visual Infantil (QFVI. MÉTODOS: O QFVI possui duas diferentes apresentações: crianças menores e maiores de 3 anos, sendo dividido em seis domínios: saúde geral, saúde geral da visão, competência, personalidade, impacto familiar e tratamento. O QFVI foi aplicado aos pais/cuidadores/responsáveis de crianças com catarata congênita bilateral do Instituto da Visão da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. As notas encontradas nos domínios foram comparadas entre os grupos controle - crianças com visão normal (n=32, média da idade=38 meses; dp=17,3 e experimental - crianças com catarata congênita (menores de 3 anos, n=19, idade média=14,6 meses; dp=10,7 e maiores de 3 anos, n=18, idade média=4,4 anos; dp=1,5, alocados segundo o grau de comprometimento visual em n=16 - sem deficiência visual; n=10 - deficiência visual leve; n=11 - deficiência visual grave. Para a análise estatística foram utilizados os testes t e análise de variância (ANOVA. RESULTADOS: O grupo experimental apresentou redução estatisticamente significativa em todos os domínios do questionário, quando comparado ao grupo controle. O domínio competência apresentou-se com baixa nota havendo redução estatisticamente significante de acordo com a gravidade da deficiência visual (ANOVA F 5,1, p=0,01; teste de Tukey pPURPOSE: To assess vision-related quality of life in children with bilateral congenital cataracts, using the recently developed Children's Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ. METHODS: CVFQ has two presentations, one for children under 3 years of age and the other for older children, and is divided in six subscales - general health; general vision; competence; personality; family impact and treatment. From those, a composite score can also be calculated. The CVFQ was applied in the hospital setting to