Construction and equipment requirements for installations and laboratories handling unsealed radioactive materials in low and medium activity - Proposal of an Israeli standard

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ben-Shlomo, A; Schlesinger, T; Barshad, M [Soreq Nuclear Research Center, Yavne (Israel)

1993-10-01

Working with unsealed radioactive materials involves risks of internal or external exposure to ionizing radiation. Exposure of human beings to ionizing radiation involves adverse health effects and must be prevented or at least reduced to reasonable levels. Radiation sources in this work are unsealed radioactive materials, that may be solids, liquid or in gaseous states, and in varying toxic levels. Various works and actions that are performed on the unsealed radioactive materials have varying potentials of dispersion, contamination and exposure, so that the combination of the type of work activity, isotope characteristics and physical state dictate the internal and external exposure risks. In order to limit the exposure of the personnel of installations and laboratories which deals with unsealed radioactive materials, national and international authorities and organizations standards and procedures for the requirements of construction and equipment of such installations and laboratories. This document means to be a proposal for an Israeli standard requirements for equipment and construction of installations working with low and medium activity unsealed radioactive materials. The targets for defining the, construction and equipment, requirements are: a. Safety and proper protection of personnel and public from external and internal exposure while the work is done properly. Proper protection against the risk of contaminating the environment. c. Standardization of requirements. d. Proper design of installations and laboratories. e. Supply means for evaluation and reduction of construction costs.The equipment detailed here refers to fixed (none movable) equipment which is a part of the construction of the laboratory or installation, unless specified otherwise. The document starts with a review of the recommendations of some international organizations (WHO, IAEA, NRPB) for construction and equipment requirements for these laboratories and installations. Then the

Profil lipidique des personnes vivant avec le VIH sous antirétroviral ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Au regard des connaissances actuelles, aucune étude n'est disponible au Bénin sur le profil lipidique des personnes vivant avec le VIH. L'objectif de la présente étude est de décrire le profil lipidique des personnes vivant avec le VIH sous antirétroviral suivies au CHU-O/P de Porto-Novo. Il s'est agi d'une étude ...

Formation en TIC destinée aux personnes handicapées en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Formation en TIC destinée aux personnes handicapées en Amérique latine. En Amérique latine et dans les Caraïbes, les personnes handicapées représentent environ 10 % de la population. La population de cette région affiche des taux de pauvreté et de chômage élevés; assurer des moyens de subsistance décents aux ...

Inobservance therapeutique aux anti-retroviraux chez les personnes ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Buts : Rechercher les facteurs psychologiques ou psychosociaux responsables de l'inobservance thérapeutique (IBT) aux antiretroviraux (ARV) Méthodologie : Il s'agit d'une étude transversale sur 06 mois (mai - octobre 2008) menée au centre de promotion sociale à Lomé chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH) ...

Handling of radioactive sources in Ecuador

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Benitez, Manuel

2000-01-01

This document describes the following aspects: sealed and unsealed radioactive sources, radiation detectors, personnel and area monitoring, surface pollution, radioactive wastes control and radioactive sources transferring. (The author)

Self-sealing of unsealed aluminium anodic oxide films in very different atmospheres

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

González, J. A.

2003-12-01

Full Text Available It is widely believed that the corrosion resistance behaviour of bare aluminium in natural environments is superior to that of unsealed anodised aluminium. However, results obtained in the exposure of unsealed anodised aluminium specimens with three different film thicknesses, in 9 atmospheres of Ibero-America with salinity levels between 3.9 and 517 mg.m^-2.d^-1 chloride, clearly shows the reverse to be true. After a sufficient time, which is shorter the higher the precipitation rate and the environmental relative humidity, a self-sealing process takes place, leading to coatings that surpass the quality standards demanded in industrial practice. Anodic films, sealed and unsealed, are protective coatings whose quality improves with ageing in most natural environments.

Está muy difundida la idea de que el comportamiento del aluminio es superior al del aluminio anodizado y sin sellar, desde el punto de vista de la resistencia a la corrosión, en los ambientes naturales. Sin embargo, los resultados obtenidos en la exposición de anodizados sin sellar, de tres espesores diferentes, a 9 atmósferas de Iberoamérica, con salinidades comprendidas entre 3,9 y 517 mg.m^-2.d^-1 de cloruros, muestran, sin lugar a dudas, lo contrario. Con tiempo suficiente, tanto más rápidamente cuanto mayor sean las precipitaciones y la humedad relativa ambiental, tiene lugar un proceso de autosellado que conduce a recubrimientos que superan las normas de calidad exigidas en la práctica industrial. Los anodizados, sellados y sin sellar, son recubrimientos protectores que mejoran su calidad, en la mayoría de los ambientes naturales, con el envejecimiento.

Tabagisme et dysfonction erectile chez les personnes vivant avec le ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

La dysfonction erectile (DE) est un probleme de sante publique qui altere la qualite de vie des patients. Chez les personnes infectees par le VIH, le tabagisme en association ii d'autres facteurs pourrait accroitre le risque de survenue de ce trouble. L'objectif de cette etude est de determiner la prevalence de laDE, les ...

Professorat de recherche sur les droits de la personne reconnus ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Pour ce projet, le CRDI s'associe à la Norman Paterson School of International Affairs (NPSIA) pour réaliser un programme de recherche portant sur les droits de la personne reconnus internationalement. La subvention servira à payer pendant deux ans la moitié du salaire et des avantages sociaux du professeur agrégé ...

Sources management; La gestion des sources

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mansoux, H.; Gourmelon; Scanff, P.; Fournet, F. [Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, 92 - Fontenay-aux-Roses (France); Murith, Ch. [Office Federal de la SantePublique (Switzerland); Saint-Paul, N. [NOVAR, 75 - Paris (France); Colson, P. [Electricite de France (EDF/DPN), 93 - Saint-Denis (France); Jouve, A.; Feron, F. [Direction Generale de al Surete Nucleaire et de la Radioprotection, 75 - Paris (France); Haranger, D. [Electricite de France (EDF), 75 - Paris (France); Mathieu, P. [Institut Pasteur, 75 - Paris (France); Paycha, F. [CHU Louis Mourier, Unitede Medecine Nucleaire Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, 92 - Colombes (France); Israel, S. [CEGELEC NDT et la gestion des sources radioactives (France); Auboiroux, B. [APAVE (France); Chartier, P. [DRIRE de Basse-Normandie, Div. Surete Nucleaire et Radioprotection, 14 - Caen (France)

2005-07-01

Organized by the section of technical protection of the French society of radiation protection ( S.F.R.P.), these two days had for objective to review the evolution of the rule relative to the sources of ionising radiations 'sealed and unsealed radioactive sources, electric generators'. They addressed all the actors concerned by the implementation of the new regulatory system in the different sectors of activities ( research, medicine and industry): Authorities, manufacturers, and suppliers of sources, holders and users, bodies involved in the approval of sources, carriers. (N.C.)

Reportages sur les violations des droits de la personne en vue de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Malgré la prévalence des violations des droits de la personne et du droit ... de débat public à ce sujet et la réticence des responsables des politiques et des ... Despite the prevalence of human rights and international humanitarian law ...

Local government note: new perspectives of unsealed roads in South Africa

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Paige-Green, P

2007-09-01

Full Text Available in most countries. In South Africa they make up more than 75 per cent of the total road network and probably 95 per cent of the low volume road network. Unsealed roads come with various disadvantages over sealed roads, primarily the ongoing... and continual maintenance as well as the accompanying environmental problems. The maintenance, whether grader blading to restore riding quality or replacing the gravel lost under traffic and environmental actions is both costly and disruptive to the normal...

Les effets neurocognitifs de la vitamine D chez la personne âgée

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Annweiler Cédric

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Une alimentation saine, en particulier la consommation régulière d’aliments riches en vitamine D, est un facteur protecteur contre la survenue de pathologie démentielle chez la personne âgée. Outre ses propriétés traditionnellement reconnues de régulation du métabolisme phosphocalcique, la vitamine D est une hormone neurostéroïde indispensable au fonctionnement neurophysiologique (régulation de neurotransmetteurs et de neurotrophines avec, en plus, une action neuroprotectrice anti-inflammatoire et anti-oxydante. Au contraire son insuffisance, extrêmement prévalente chez la personne âgée, pourrait engendrer des dysfonctionnements du système nerveux central, expliquant en partie les troubles cognitifs rencontrés dans cette population. L’épidémiologie est cohérente avec cette notion et rapporte une association entre hypovitaminose D et trouble cognitif, que ce soit en population âgée générale ou chez le malade Alzheimer. Les essais d’intervention confirment la relation de causalité et quantifient l’efficacité cognitive de la supplémentation vitaminique D chez la personne âgée, ce qui suscite des perspectives en matière de prévention primo-secondaire des troubles cognitifs chez la personne âgée par un apport exogène de vitamine D. En particulier, tandis que les traitements anti-démence symptomatiques actuellement disponibles ne font que ralentir transitoirement le déclin cognitif, les futures possibilités de traitement pourraient reposer sur des combinaisons médicamenteuses luttant contre plusieurs mécanismes neurodégénératifs à la fois. À ce titre, la vitamine D améliore l’efficacité de la mémantine en termes de protection neuronale et de prévention du déclin cognitif au cours de la maladie d’Alzheimer.

Accessibilite des batiments publics aux personnes handicapees

CERN Document Server

Colloca, C

2003-01-01

Selon les législations suisse et franèaise, les lieux de travail ainsi que les bâtiments recevant du public, doivent être aménagés en tenant compte de la présence de travailleurs et de public handicapés et de manière à favoriser leur autonomie. Les dispositions adoptées pour les accès, les portes, les dégagements et les ascenseurs desservant les postes de travail ou à vocation conviviale, et les locaux annexes tels que locaux sanitaires, locaux de restauration, parcs de stationnement, doivent permettre l'accès et l'évacuation des personnes handicapées, notamment celles circulant en fauteuil roulant.

Sources management

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mansoux, H.; Gourmelon; Scanff, P.; Fournet, F.; Murith, Ch.; Saint-Paul, N.; Colson, P.; Jouve, A.; Feron, F.; Haranger, D.; Mathieu, P.; Paycha, F.; Israel, S.; Auboiroux, B.; Chartier, P.

2005-01-01

Organized by the section of technical protection of the French society of radiation protection ( S.F.R.P.), these two days had for objective to review the evolution of the rule relative to the sources of ionising radiations 'sealed and unsealed radioactive sources, electric generators'. They addressed all the actors concerned by the implementation of the new regulatory system in the different sectors of activities ( research, medicine and industry): Authorities, manufacturers, and suppliers of sources, holders and users, bodies involved in the approval of sources, carriers. (N.C.)

Reportages sur les violations des droits de la personne en vue de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Malgré la prévalence des violations des droits de la personne et du droit ... de débat public à ce sujet et la réticence des responsables des politiques et des politiciens ... de l'Institut d'étude du développement international de l'Université McGill.

L’inclusion des personnes handicapées dans l’emploi : Le cas de l'Organisation européenne pour la recherche nucléaire (CERN)

CERN Document Server

Martínez-Cabañas Rodríguez, María

2016-01-01

Travail effectué dans le cadre d'un stage de recherche appliquée. Le mémoire tente de répondre aux questions suivantes: Quelles sont les différentes mesures prises au CERN pour permettre l'inclusion des personnes en situation de handicap? Quelles sont les principales barrières que les personnes en situation de handicap peuvent rencontrer au CERN au quotidien? Quelles mesures sont nécessaires pour que le CERN puisse atteindre l'inclusion des personnes en situation de handicap ? Le mémoire fait une revue de la literature sur le sujet y compris les textes internationaux. Il analyse la situation au CERN à travers une observation et des entreriens, et construit quelques pistes pour une meilleure inclusion des personnes en situation de handicap.

Genetic and mean bone-marrow doses from medical use of unsealed radioisotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keam, D.W.

1980-06-01

Annual genetically significant and mean bone-marrow doses to the Australian population arising from the medical use of unsealed radioisotopes are derived for the year 1970 using the results of a survey carried out at that time and published data on doses to individuals resulting from such use. Values of 3.9 and 38 microgray for the annual (per capita) genetic and mean bone-marrow doses respectively are reported, which are similar to those reported for other countries at about that time

Self-protection of unsealed anodised aluminium exposed to atmosphere; Autoprotection del aluminio anodizado sin sellar expuesto a la atmosfera

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Escudero, E.; Bartolome, M. J.; Lopez, V.; Simancas, J.; Gonalez, J. A.; Morcillo, M.; Otero, E.

2005-07-01

To confirm or refute the widely held idea that the sealing operation is vital to guarantee the good resistance of anodised aluminium to atmospheric corrosion, unsealed, anodised specimens with three different film thick messes were exposed in 9 atmospheres in Ibero america with salinity values of between 3.9 and 684 mg m''2 day ''-1 of chlorides. Using a wide variety of techniques, from scanning and transmission electron microscopy to direct measurements by gravimetry, and including indirect measurements by electrochemical techniques as well as standard sealing quality control tests, the self-sealing capacity of unsealed anodic coating during atmospheric exposure is demonstrated. Surprisingly, unlike other types of protective coatings, the quality of anodic films improves with ageing. (Author) 15 refs.

The impact on the environment and on the population due to the release of the patients after therapy with unsealed sources: a comparison between the new international recommendations and the Italian regulations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russo, A.; Speranza, A.; Storto, G.; Salvatore, M.; Casale, M.; Delia, R.

2006-01-01

The radiopharmaceutical therapy is the administration of unsealed sources of radioactivity designed to elicit a therapeutic response as a result of irradiation of a target human tissue. Historically, radioiodine (131 I) therapy for thyroid diseases, including hyperthyroidism as well as localized and metastatic thyroid cancer, has been the most studied and successful application of radionuclide therapy. This success has largely resulted from the high, rapid, and long-retained uptake of iodide in thyroidal tissue, whereas little uptake occurs in extra-thyroidal tissues. After diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures, precautions for the public are rarely required. In the other hand, after some therapeutic procedures, exposures to the public, patients relatives, and others should be limited. The decision to hospitalise or release a patient after the therapy with unsealed radioactive sources should be determined on an individual basis, and on the factors such as the residual activity in the patient, the patients wishes, the occupational and public exposures, cost, family and environmental aspects. The ICRP Publication 94 sets a limit for the radio nuclide activities, depending on external dose to other people, that can decide if patients may be or may not be hospitalised after the therapy. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has relied upon the dose limit of 1 mSv/year for the public, and the dose constraint of 5 mSv/episode for relatives, visitors, and caregivers (ICRP, 1991, 1996). These recommendations have been interpreted in various Countries, and the dose constraint has often been inappropriately interpreted as a rigid annual dose limit. As iodine-131 is a frequently used high-energy gamma emitter and has an 8-days physical half-life, it results in the largest dose to medical staff, the public, and relatives after procedures involving therapeutic administration of unsealed radionuclides. If we consider 1 mSv as the dose effective for the

The impact on the environment and on the population due to the release of the patients after therapy with unsealed sources: a comparison between the new international recommendations and the Italian regulations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Russo, A.; Speranza, A.; Storto, G.; Salvatore, M. [National Research Council, Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging and Dep. of Biomorphological and Functional Sciences Federico-2 Univ., Napoli (Italy); Casale, M. [Federico-2 Univ., Dept. of Physics - Health Physics School, Napoli (Italy); Delia, R. [La Sapienza Univ., Faculty of Medicine, Rieti Section, Roma (Italy)

2006-07-01

The radiopharmaceutical therapy is the administration of unsealed sources of radioactivity designed to elicit a therapeutic response as a result of irradiation of a target human tissue. Historically, radioiodine (131 I) therapy for thyroid diseases, including hyperthyroidism as well as localized and metastatic thyroid cancer, has been the most studied and successful application of radionuclide therapy. This success has largely resulted from the high, rapid, and long-retained uptake of iodide in thyroidal tissue, whereas little uptake occurs in extra-thyroidal tissues. After diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures, precautions for the public are rarely required. In the other hand, after some therapeutic procedures, exposures to the public, patients relatives, and others should be limited. The decision to hospitalise or release a patient after the therapy with unsealed radioactive sources should be determined on an individual basis, and on the factors such as the residual activity in the patient, the patients wishes, the occupational and public exposures, cost, family and environmental aspects. The ICRP Publication 94 sets a limit for the radio nuclide activities, depending on external dose to other people, that can decide if patients may be or may not be hospitalised after the therapy. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has relied upon the dose limit of 1 mSv/year for the public, and the dose constraint of 5 mSv/episode for relatives, visitors, and caregivers (ICRP, 1991, 1996). These recommendations have been interpreted in various Countries, and the dose constraint has often been inappropriately interpreted as a rigid annual dose limit. As iodine-131 is a frequently used high-energy gamma emitter and has an 8-days physical half-life, it results in the largest dose to medical staff, the public, and relatives after procedures involving therapeutic administration of unsealed radionuclides. If we consider 1 mSv as the dose effective for the

Control of sources of ionizing radiation in Lithuania

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mastauskas, Albinas; Ziliukas, Julius; Morkunas, Gendrutis

1997-01-01

Aspects connected with regulatory control of radioactive sources in Lithuania, such as keeping of the computer-based registry, investigation of arrested illegal radioactive material, decision making, control of users of radioactive sources are discussed. Most of the sources of ionizing radiation are smoke detectors and x-ray equipment. Potentially most dangerous sources (both sealed and unsealed) of therapy and industry are also presented

10 CFR 35.390 - Training for use of unsealed byproduct material for which a written directive is required.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

..., radionuclide handling, quality assurance, and clinical use of unsealed byproduct material for which a written... the related radiation surveys; (B) Performing quality control procedures on instruments used to... 200 hours of classroom and laboratory training, in basic radionuclide handling techniques applicable...

Factories Act 1961, Ionizing Radiations (Unsealed Radioactive Substances) Regulations 1968, Certificate of Approval No.1 (General)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1969-01-01

Under the Ionising Radiations (Unsealed Radioactive Substances) Regulations No. 780 of 1968, the Chief Inspector of Factories has wide powers to ensure the protection of workers. By this Certificate he approved, for the purpose of measuring radiation doses, any radiation dosemeter, based on the phenomenon of radiation-induced thermoluminescence, supplied by an approved laboratory. (NEA) [fr

Control of sources of ionizing radiation in Lithuania

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mastauskas, Albinas; Ziliukas, Julius; Morkunas, Gendrutis [Radiation Protection Centre, Vilnius (Lithuania)

1997-12-31

Aspects connected with regulatory control of radioactive sources in Lithuania, such as keeping of the computer-based registry, investigation of arrested illegal radioactive material, decision making, control of users of radioactive sources are discussed. Most of the sources of ionizing radiation are smoke detectors and x-ray equipment. Potentially most dangerous sources (both sealed and unsealed) of therapy and industry are also presented 2 refs., 2 tabs.; e-mail: rsc at post.omnitel.net

Vérification du point de vue des droits de la personne et de la paix ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Vérification du point de vue des droits de la personne et de la paix de la ... ou une nation prend le contrôle de la zone territoriale où il ou elle est installé(e). ... IWRA/CRDI sur les changements climatiques et la gestion adaptive de l'eau.

Accès aux soins des personnes originaires d&8217;Afrique subsaharienne vivant avec une hépatite B chronique

OpenAIRE

Vignier, N.; Spira, R. D.; Lert, F.; Pannetier, J.; Ravalihasy, Andrainolo; Gosselin, A.; Lydie, N.; Bouchaud, O.; Desgrées du Loû, Annabel; Grp, Anrs-Parcours

2017-01-01

Objectif : L'objectif de cette étude est d'analyser l'accès aux soins des personnes originaires d'Afrique subsaharienne (ASS) vivant avec une hépatite B chronique (HBC) en France. Méthodes : L'enquête ANRS-Parcours est une étude biographique réalisée en 2012-2013 auprès de personnes originaires d'ASS recrutées dans des services de prise en charge de l'HBC en Ile-de-France. Les données ont été recueillies en face-à-face à l'aide d'une grille biographique et d'un questionnaire standardisé. ...

Present status of unsealed radioisotope therapy in Japan based on the nation-wide questionnaire

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oyamada, Hiyoshimaru

1999-01-01

In Japan, clinical application of unsealed radioisotopes is strictly regulated. Especially in the field of therapy, we are allowed to use only Na 131 I at present. Under such circumstances, the present status of therapeutic nuclear medicine in Japan was surveyed by means of a nation-wide questionnaire, conducted in 193 hospitals. Then, 113 hospitals replied to such questionnaire (recovery rate: 58.5%), and it was found that in 77 hospitals, radioisotope therapy is being performed for Graves' disease and/or thyroid cancer. The questionnaire covered the following points: for Graves' disease-the basic strategy of 131 I therapy, its indications, absorbed doses planned to be given, whether the therapy had been conducted on outpatient basis or in-patient basis, method of thyroid weight estimation, interval of administration in case of multiple doses, number of patients treated per year (1996) etc., and for thyroid cancer-strategy for thyroid remnant, the doses to be given, the maximum doses permitted by the authorities in each hospital both per day and per year, handling of highly contaminated urine in each hospital, interval of administration in case of multiple doses, number of patients treated per year (1996) etc. Also questioned were dissatisfaction with the present regulation by the authorities and/or requests for the better daily work, if any. Based on the above questionnaire, the present status of unsealed radioisotope therapy in Japan was investigated. (author)

Cours sur le module Snow Knowledge Base (KB) pour les personnes du support (en Francais / slides in English)

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2012-01-01

Peut-être avez-vous entendu parler ou vous avez déjà utilisé le module Knowlege Base de ServiceNow. Ce cours expliquera en détail comment ce module fonctionne et pourquoi on a besoin d’un processus cohérent pour publier, gérer, réviser et archiver les articles d’une façon contrôlée. Le cours s’adresse surtout aux personnes qui vont ou qui ont déjà contribué à la création ou la révision d’articles destinés aux utilisateurs ou bien aux personnes chargées du support. (Note : le cours sera donné en français mais les diapositives PowerPoint seront en anglais).

Ionizing radiation dose control for workers in a nuclear plant working with unsealed sources; Controle da dose de radiacao ionizante para trabalhadores em uma instalacao radiativa com fontes nao seladas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gerulis, Eduardo

2006-07-01

With the liberation of the use of the nuclear energy for peaceful applications, International Commission Radiological Protection, ICRP, founded in 1928, created a system of protection of the undesirable doses of ionizing radiation in 1958. This has been received by workers, members of the public and environment and hence it became possible for the introduction of these applications. This protection system is adopted by the International Agency of Energy Atomic, IAEA, that publishes recommendations in safety series, 88 and by the Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear, CNEN, which publishes these regulations. The international recommendations and national regulations were adapted and they need to be applied in this way. The present paper uses recommendations of the publication 75 from ICRP, of the publication 115 from 88 and regulations of the regulation NN 3.01 from CNEN to present, through radiological protection measures, the ionizing radiation dose control for workers in a nuclear plant that works in the research, production, division and packing of unsealed sources to be used in clinical applications. In that way it is possible to prevent appropriately the undesirable doses and to confirm the received doses. (author)

Promotion des droits de la personne et de la justice du point de vue ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Promotion des droits de la personne et de la justice du point de vue des pays du Sud. À l'heure où des pouvoirs émergents comme la Chine, l'Inde et le Brésil prennent du gallon sur les plans économique et politique, dans les pays du Sud, les organismes de la base s'unissent pour veiller au respect des droits de la ...

L’interdiction de discriminer les personnes trans* dans la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne : pour son amélioration par l’ajout de l’« identité de genre » et de l’« expression de genre » à la

OpenAIRE

Sauvé, Jean-Sébastien

2016-01-01

Au Québec, la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne interdit, dans une certaine mesure, la discrimination des personnes trans*. Ce régime couvre cependant difficilement les différentes facettes de l’identité de genre et de l’expression de genre et certaines situations pouvant en découler, dont la transparentalité. En réponse à cette lacune et à l’aide d’une approche positiviste, l’article proposé suggère l’ajout de l’« identité de genre » et de l’« expression de genre » à la liste des ...

Le refus alimentaire de la personne âgée institutionnalisée capable de discernement: quelle prise en charge infirmière ?

OpenAIRE

Ayigah, Koffi Raoul; Mudry Gillioz, Mireille; Farine, Antonina

2012-01-01

Fortement interpellés par des situations de refus de soins émanant de personnes âgées institutionnalisées capables de discernement et par la façon dont les équipes y répondaient, nous avons décidé d’explorer cette thématique sous l’angle du refus alimentaire, puisque l’alimentation en gériatrie est un soin à part entière. La question à laquelle nous avons cherché à répondre par cette revue de littérature est : Comment prendre en soin une personne âgée institutionnalisée ayant sa capacité de d...

Situation des personnes transgenres par rapport au VIH/IST en Suisse : rapid assessment

OpenAIRE

Bize, R.; Koutaissoff, D.; Dubois-Arber, F.

2013-01-01

Ce rapport permet d'identifier le sous-groupe des personnes transgenres pratiquant ou ayant pratiqué le travail du sexe comme une population clairement exposée à un risque notoirement élevé d'infection par le VIH et les IST. L'ampleur rapportée du phénomène justifie pleinement l'inclusion de cette population dans le dispositif de surveillance comportementale du VIH et des autres IST, mais également la réalisation urgente d'actions de prévention communautaire. Par contre, il ne nous permet pas...

Recommandations nutritionnelles pratiques avec exemples de menus pour personnes vivant avec le VIH/SIDA en Afrique Noire

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Estelle Anaelle Nguewo

2008-07-01

Full Text Available L’infection par le VIH (Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humaine est une infection chronique incurable. L’infection au VIH cause jusqu’à présent des millions de morts et entrave l’économie des pays sous développés ou en voie de développement, en l’occurrence les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne. Le but principal de la thérapie nutritionnelle en cas d’infection par le VIH est d’assurer au patient un poids normal et une alimentation appropriée couvrant ses besoins nutritionnels pendant les différentes phases de l’infection. Nous proposons des recommandations alimentaires détaillées quant aux apports recommandés en nutriments (macro- et micronutriments pour les personnes vivant avec le VIH/SIDA. La nutrition joue en général un rôle très important dans le fonctionnement optimal du système immunitaire. Puisque l’infection par le VIH/SIDA est une maladie du système immunitaire, elle influence de plusieurs manières l’état nutritionnel du patient. Une nutrition hyper calorifique et hyper protéinée saine, variée et adaptée aux besoins de l’organisme est une condition indispensable pour rester longtemps en forme en cas d’infection par le VIH/SIDA. Elle permet en outre de garder un poids normal pendant la phase asymptomatique de l’infection et d’augmenter son poids pendant la phase symptomatique. Ceci a pour but de freiner l’évolution de l’infection vers le stade SIDA. Les personnes atteintes par le VIH/SIDA devraient en plus avoir une bonne hygiène de vie et exercer régulièrement une activité sportive modérée. Elles devraient mettre l’accent sur leur protection contre toute intoxication alimentaire et sur le renforcement de leur système immunitaire. Il est en outre important en plus du besoin en nutriments des personnes atteintes par le VIH/SIDA, de tenir compte de leur situation financière et culturelle, car en Afrique il existe sur ce point une très grande différence dans la population. C�

Monitoring of quality and storage time of unsealed pasteurized milk by voltammetric electronic tongue

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wei, Zhenbo; Wang, Jun; Zhang, Xi

2013-01-01

A voltammetric electronic tongue (VE-tongue) was self-developed and applied to monitor the quality and storage time of unsealed pasteurized milk. The VE-tongue comprised four working electrodes: gold, silver, platinum, and palladium electrode. Two potential waveforms: Multi-frequency rectangle pulse voltammetry (MRPV) and multi-frequency staircase pulse voltammetry (MSPV) were applied to working electrodes in the study, and both of MRPV and MSPV consisted of three frequency segments: 1 Hz, 10 Hz, and 100 Hz. The total areas under the corresponding curves obtained by VE-tongue in the three frequencies were applied as characteristic data, which were evaluated by the principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The results of PCA and CA indicate that the milk samples of different storage time could be successfully classified by the VE-tongue based on MRPV and MSPV, respectively. Combining the areas obtained by the VE-tongue based on MRPV and MSPV, the classification results of PCA and CA were improved evidently. The total bacterial count, acidity and viscosity of the milk samples were also measured during the storage, and those physicochemical characteristics showed regular configuration in PCA and CA plots. Furthermore, the total bacterial count and viscosity properties were predicted by partial least squares regression (PLSR) and least squares-support vector machines (LS-SVM), and the combination of the areas obtained by the VE-tongue based on the MRPV and MSPV were applied as the input data of PLSR and LS-SVM. Both the prediction techniques performed well in predicting viscosity and total bacterial count, and the prediction results of LS-SVM were better than that of PLSR. Those results demonstrate that the VE-tongue could be applied to monitor the quality storage time of unsealed pasteurized milk

Code of practice for the control and safe handling of radioactive sources used for therapeutic purposes (1988)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1988-01-01

This Code is intended as a guide to safe practices in the use of sealed and unsealed radioactive sources and in the management of patients being treated with them. It covers the procedures for the handling, preparation and use of radioactive sources, precautions to be taken for patients undergoing treatment, storage and transport of radioactive sources within a hospital or clinic, and routine testing of sealed sources [fr

Radiation protection during brachytherapy, radiosynoviorthesis or radioimmunotherapy using liquid beta sources. Statement of the SSK; Strahlenschutz bei der Therapie mit Beta-Strahlern in fluessiger Form im Rahmen einer Brachytherapie, Radiosynoviorthese und einer Radioimmuntherapie. Empfehlung der Strahlenschutzkommission

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2005-07-01

Unsealed liquid beta sources (Sr-89, Y-90, I-131, Er-169, Re-186, Re-188) are used increasingly in nuclear medicine for therapeutic purposes. In contrast to radioiodine therapy of thyroid diseases, interdisciplinary cooperation may be necessary (cardiology, orthopedic, rheumatology, oncology etc.), e.g. during applicaiton outside nuclear medicine or in case of non-nuclear invasive application methods. During preparation and application of beta sources, enhanced radiation exposure of the medical staff, especially doctors, is possible both in consequence of external exposure and in case of contaminations. Routine applications of unsealed liquid beta sources therefore necessitate specified radiation protection measures as specified in the guideline ''Strahlenschutz in der Medizin''. (orig.)

The influence of air humidity on an unsealed ionization chamber in a linear accelerator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blad, B.; Nilsson, P.; Knoeoes, T.

1996-01-01

The safe and accurate delivery of the prescribed absorbed dose is the central function of the dose monitoring and beam stabilization system in a medical linear accelerator. The absorbed dose delivered to the patient during radiotherapy is often monitored by a transmission ionization chamber. Therefore it is of utmost importance that the chamber behaves correctly. We have noticed that the sensitivity of an unsealed chamber in a Philips SL linear accelerator changes significantly, especially during and after the summer season. The reason for this is probably a corrosion effect of the conductive plates in the chamber due to the increased relative humidity during hot periods. We have found that the responses of the different ion chamber plates change with variations in air humidity and that they do not return to their original values when the air humidity is returned to ambient conditions. (author)

RCT: Module 2.08, Radiological Source Control, Course 8774

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hillmer, Kurt T. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

2017-08-10

radioactive source is material used for its emitted radiation. Sources are sealed or unsealed and are classified as accountable or exempt. Radioactive sources are used for response checks, functional checks, and the calibration of instruments and monitors to traceable standards. To ensure the safety and welfare of all personnel, it is important to maintain control of radioactive sources to minimize the potential for the spread of contamination, unnecessary exposure to personnel, loss or theft, and improper disposal. This course will prepare the student with the skills necessary for RCT qualification by passing quizzes, tests, and the RCT Comprehensive Phase 1, Unit 2 Examination (TEST 27566) and will provide in-the-field skills.

Inventory of Used, Disused, Waste and Disposed Sources in Kenya

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kiti, S; Keter, J [Radiation Protection Board (RPBI), Kisumu (Kenya); Kinyua, R [Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Thika (Kenya)

2010-09-15

Kenya is committed to the peaceful applications of sealed and unsealed radioactive sources in medicine, industry, agriculture and training and research in order to achieve socioeconomic development. There are 4 nuclear medicine centers, 3 industrial radiotherapy facilities, 2 gamma irradiator facilities, one linear accelerator, 2 high dose radiation (HDR) Brachytherapy units, 5 industrial radiography units and many training and research facilities in the country that posses radioactive sources. The Kenya Radiation Protection Board is a Regulatory body established under Cap 243 of the Laws of Kenya cited as the Radiation Protection Act which provides for the protection of the public and radiation workers from dangers arising from materials capable of producing ionizing radiation. The mission of the Board is to accelerate, regulate and expand the contribution of nuclear and irradiation technology to the Kenyan economy through promotion of nuclear and radiation safety culture. The use of radioactive material requires an adequate established inventory. The objective of this project is to establish and maintain a national inventory of sealed and unsealed radioactive sources in Kenya. A national inventory was done by sending a questionnaire and personal communication as well thorough countrywide inspection surveys by Radiation Protection Officers from the regulatory body where lead pot containers were carried in case of disposal of a disused source or spent source. Advanced survey meters and automes radiation meters were used for radiation safety work, alarm meters were used to detect the threshold and source identifiers were used to identify unknown sources and their activities. A total of 130 radioactive sources (34 used, 20 disused, 39 waste and 37 disposed) including their JPEG images were identified and a national inventory established. Co-60 recorded the highest activity of 11,000 Ci followed by Cs-137 with 400 Ci and Ir-192 with 40 Ci. An updated inventory for the

Data survey about radiation protection and safety of radiation sources in research laboratories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paura, Clayton L.; Dantas, Ana Leticia A.; Dantas, Bernardo M.

2005-01-01

In Brazil, different types of research using unsealed sources are developed with a variety of radioisotopes. In such activities, professionals and students involved are potentially exposed to internal contamination by 14 C, 45 Ca, 51 Cr, 3 H, 125 I, 32 P, 33 P, 35 S, 90 Sr and 99m Tc. The general objective of this work is to evaluate radiological risks associated to these practices in order to supply information for planning actions aimed to improve radiation protection conditions in research laboratories. The criteria for risk evaluation and the safety aspects adopted in this work were based on CNEN Regulation 6.02 and in IAEA and NRPB publications. The survey of data was carried out during visits to laboratories in public Universities located in the city of Rio de Janeiro where unsealed radioactive sources are used in biochemistry, biophysics and genetic studies. According to the criteria adopted in this work, some practices developed in the laboratories require evaluation of risk of internal contamination depending on the conditions of source manipulation. It was verified the need for training of users of radioactive materials in this type of laboratory. This can be facilitated by the use of basic guides for the classification of areas, radiation protection, safety and source security in research laboratories. It was also observed the need for optimization of such practices in order to minimize the contact with sources. It is recommended to implement more effective source and access controls as a way to reduce risks of individual radiation exposure and loss of radioactive materials (author)

Regulatory control of radiation sources in Slovakia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Auxtova, L.

2001-01-01

In Slovakia, there are two regulatory authorities. Regulatory control of the utilization of nuclear energy, based on the Slovak National Council's law No. 130/1998 on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, is exercised by the Nuclear Regulatory Authority of the Slovak Republic. The second regulatory authority - the Ministry of Health - is empowered by law No. 72/1994 on the protection of human health to license radiation sources and is responsible for radiation protection supervision (there are nearly 3000 establishments with sealed sources, radiation generators and unsealed sources in Slovakia). Pursuant to a new radiation protection regulation based on international standards, radiation sources are to be categorized in six classes according to the associated exposure and contamination hazards. A national strategy for improving the safety of radiation sources over their life-cycle and for the management of disused and orphan sources is being prepared for governmental approval. (author)

Les représentations du VIH, des personnes vivant avec le VIH et des soins dans les manuels en soins infirmiers : une analyse qualitative de contenu

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stephany Cator

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Depuis la découverte du virus, les manuels en soins infirmiers incluent la notion de VIH/sida pour qu’elle soit transmise dans la formation de premier cycle. Cependant, les écrits dévoilent l’existence d’un écart entre cette formation et les compétences requises pour prodiguer des soins aux personnes vivant avec le VIH. Conscientes des lacunes de la formation initiale en VIH/sida et qui, à ce jour, n’ont pas été explorées dans les manuels, nous avons réalisé une analyse qualitative de contenu de 18 manuels de médecine-chirurgie. Les résultats de cette étude ont dévoilé trois catégories : les représentations du VIH, des personnes vivant avec le VIH et des soins. La première catégorie renvoie à la façon dont on raconte l’histoire du VIH et parle du virus ainsi que la façon dont on décrit la maladie et conceptualise la transmission. La deuxième correspond aux personnes qui sont à risque de contracter le VIH, qui vivent avec le VIH et à la façon dont on les représente. La troisième réfère à la représentation des types de soins, leurs objectifs et les enjeux qui y sont associés.

The regulatory control of ionizing radiation sources in Lithuania

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mastauskas, A.; Ziliukas, J.; Morkunas, G.

1998-01-01

The Radiation Protection Centre of the Ministry of Health is the regulatory authority responsible for radiation protection of the public and of workers using sources of ionizing radiation in Lithuania. One of its responsibilities is the control of radioactive sources, which includes keeping the registry, investigating persons arrested while illegally carrying or in possession of radioactive material, decision making and control of users of radioactive sources. The computer based registry contains a directory of more than 24,000 sources and some 800 users in research, medicine and industry. Most of these sources are found in smoke detectors and X ray equipment. The potentially most dangerous sources for therapy and industry (sealed and unsealed) are also listed in this registry. Problems connected with the regulatory control of radioactive sources in Lithuania are presented and their solution is discussed. (author)

Prévalence de l'hépatite B chez les personnes infectées par le VIH à ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: la co-infection avec l'hépatite B est l'un des défis majeurs de la prise en charge du VIH depuis l'amélioration de l'accès aux antirétroviraux en Afrique. La présente étude visait à estimer la prévalence de l'hépatite B chez les personnes séropositives au VIH à Parakou et décrire les facteurs associés. Méthodes: il ...

La participation sociale des personnes en situation de pauvreté dans un organisme communautaire en milieu urbain

OpenAIRE

Desmarquis, Myriam

2009-01-01

La recherche porte sur la participation sociale des personnes en situation de pauvreté dans les organismes communautaires. Les constats émanent d'une étude de cas réalisée dans un organisme communautaire qui lutte contre la pauvreté en offrant des services et des activités visant l'amélioration des conditions de vie des participants et des participantes. D'abord, la problématique est abordée sous l'angle des enjeux de la participation sociale liés au contexte de pauvreté. En effet, la pauvret...

Ministerial Order of 13 April 1984 on applications for licences for the import, manufacture, preparation, putting up for sale or sale of unsealed radioisotopes used in human or veterinary medicine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1984-01-01

This Order specifies the conditions for applications for licences for the import, manufacture, preparation, putting up for sale or sale of unsealed radioisotopes used in human or veterinary medicine, in accordance with the Royal Order of 23 February 1963 laying down General Regulations for Protection of the Population and Workers against the Hazards of Ionizing Radiation. (NEA) [fr

Influence sociale et leadership dans la direction des personnes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yves Bapes Ba Bapes

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Dans le contexte actuel de direction des personnes, la bonne articulation de l’influence sociale et du leadership constitue un véritable défi à relever. Partagées entre la rupture d’avec les modes de management classiques et la fidélité au management traditionnel, les organisations se trouvent de plus en plus insérées dans un champ où s’expriment diverses rationalités toujours plus complexes. Les modes d’exercice du leadership semblent en fait subir l’influence de l’environnement social et culturel dans lequel ils s’expriment, ce qui consacre un certain relativisme qui vise à recommander désormais un ré-encastrement social du leadership. Les enjeux actuels de la direction des personnes placent les organisations au cœur d’une remise en question nécessaire, du moment où les valeurs de la démocratie semblent orienter les problématiques actuelles. Dès lors, une redéfinition de l’influence sociale et du leadership, qui tienne compte des élaborations théoriques et des constations empiriques s’impose, en vue de déboucher sur une culture d’entreprise négociée qui rende plus réelle l’optimisation du capital humain.In the present context of personnel management, the good articulation of social influence and leadership is a major challenge. Caught between the break away from classical management methods and faithfulness to traditional management, organizations are becoming more and more integrated in a field where different and even more complex rationalities are expressed. Actually, ways of practicing leadership seem to be subject to the influence of the social and cultural environment in which they are used. This, therefore, establishes some sort of relativism which aims henceforth at recommending a new social build-in of leadership. The present issues in personnel management place organizations at the centre of a necessary questioning, as democratic values seem to be oriented towards current problems

Age-dependent dose factors and dose limits of annual radioactivity uptake with unsealed radioactive substances by occupationally exposed persons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaul, A.; Nosske, D; Elsasser, U; Roedler, H.D.; Henrichs, K.

1986-01-01

The dose factors have been calculated on the basis of the ICRP models for dosimetric and metabolistic assessment, and are laid open in accordance with Annex XI ( to sec. 45 sub-section (2)) of the amended version of the Radiation Protection Ordinance. The contribution in hand explains the scientific fundamentals and results of the calculations of dose factors relating to inhalation and ingestion of unsealed radioactive substances by adult reference man, and age-dependent factors calculated for children and adolescents. Further, annual limits of uptake by occupationally exposed persons, as calculated on the basis of primary dose limits pursunant to the draft amendment presented by the Federal Interior Minister, are compared with relevant data given by the ICRP and EC institutions. (orig./DG) [de

The safe use of radiation sources

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-12-01

As a means of promoting safety in the use of radiation sources, as well as encouraging consistency in regulatory control, the IAEA has from time to time organized training courses with the co-operation of Member State governments and organizations, to inform individuals from developing countries with appropriate responsibilities on the provisions for the safe use and regulation of radiation sources. Three such courses on the safe use of radiation sources have been held in both the USA, with the co-operation of the United States Government, and in Dublin, Ireland, with the co-operation of the Irish Government. The Training Course on the Safe Use and Regulation of Radiation Sources has been successfully given to over 77 participants from over 30 countries during the last years. The course is aimed at providing a basis of radiation protection knowledge in all aspects of the uses of radiation and of radiation sources that are used today. It is the intention of this course to provide a systematic enhancement of radioisotope safety in countries with developing radiological programmes through a core group of national authorities. The IAEA's training programmes provide an excellent opportunity for direct contact with lecturers that have extensive experience in resolving issues faced by developing countries and in providing guidance documents useful in addressing their problems. This document uses this collective experience and provides valuable technical information regarding the safety aspects of the uses not only of sealed and unsealed sources of radiation, but also for those machines that produce ionizing radiation. The first of these training courses, 'Safety and Regulation of Unsealed Sources' was held in Dublin, Ireland, June through July 1989 with the co-operation of the Nuclear Energy Board and Trinity College. This was an interregional training course, the participants came from all over the world. The second and third interregional courses, 'Safety and Regulation

The safe use of radiation sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1995-01-01

As a means of promoting safety in the use of radiation sources, as well as encouraging consistency in regulatory control, the IAEA has from time to time organized training courses with the co-operation of Member State governments and organizations, to inform individuals from developing countries with appropriate responsibilities on the provisions for the safe use and regulation of radiation sources. Three such courses on the safe use of radiation sources have been held in both the USA, with the co-operation of the United States Government, and in Dublin, Ireland, with the co-operation of the Irish Government. The Training Course on the Safe Use and Regulation of Radiation Sources has been successfully given to over 77 participants from over 30 countries during the last years. The course is aimed at providing a basis of radiation protection knowledge in all aspects of the uses of radiation and of radiation sources that are used today. It is the intention of this course to provide a systematic enhancement of radioisotope safety in countries with developing radiological programmes through a core group of national authorities. The IAEA's training programmes provide an excellent opportunity for direct contact with lecturers that have extensive experience in resolving issues faced by developing countries and in providing guidance documents useful in addressing their problems. This document uses this collective experience and provides valuable technical information regarding the safety aspects of the uses not only of sealed and unsealed sources of radiation, but also for those machines that produce ionizing radiation. The first of these training courses, 'Safety and Regulation of Unsealed Sources' was held in Dublin, Ireland, June through July 1989 with the co-operation of the Nuclear Energy Board and Trinity College. This was an interregional training course, the participants came from all over the world. The second and third interregional courses, 'Safety and Regulation

Traduction audiovisuelle : quand le sous-titrage à destination des personnes sourdes et malentendantes se rencontrent dans le film "Le Prénom"

OpenAIRE

Horii, Anaïk

2015-01-01

La traduction audiovisuelle est riche en méthodes de traduction : doublage, voice over, sur-titrage, audiodescription, etc. Ce mémoire se concentre sur la méthode du sous-titrage ainsi que sur celle du sous-titrage à destination des personnes sourdes et malentendantes. Le but était de comparer ces deux méthodes de traduction interlinguistique (dans les deux cas pour un public germanophone) en s'attardant sur les références culturelles ainsi que sur les langages populaire, familier et argotiqu...

Radiation exposure by using unsealed radiation sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preitfellner, J.

1999-05-01

Investigations on patients using radioactive substances are performed on a routinely basis in nuclear medicine facilities at many hospitals in our days. These investigations are performed by administering a radiopharmacon to the patient which, depending on several parameters, remains in the body of the patient for various periods of time. All these investigations have in common a g-ray exposure of the environment by the radioactive substance in the body of the patient. Among others, doctors, technical personnel, cleaning personnel, and accompanying persons of patients are exposed to g-rays. Based on these facts, the degree of danger for persons who get into contact with these patients is repeatedly questioned. An additional problem is the health risk of persons employed at a nuclear medicine facility. To answer the first question, the local dose rate in the environment of 102 patients was evaluated immediately after application of the radioactive substance, in intervals from 30 minutes up to several hours, over a period of up to 2 weeks. Depending on the nature of the investigation, the patients were subdivided into 6 groups of 16-20 persons. From the data measured, the effective and the biological half life as well as the local dose were computed. With the aid of concrete case examples, the possible radiation exposure for contact persons was estimated. Postulating unfavorable local and temporal factors in our estimations, the actual radiation exposure is to be estimated about 10-30 % lower. As a reference value for the danger of persons, the maximum permissible boundary values from the Austrian Regulations for Protection against Radiation were used. Referring to these boundary values, for none of the six nuclear medicine investigation methods a danger for contact persons could be derived, indicating that available security measures offer a sufficient protection for affected contact persons. To answer the question about the risk for persons employed at a nuclear medicine facility, dosimeters of the affected persons were evaluated for a period of two years, subdivided into spheres of activity, and the mean monthly dosis computed. The accuracy of the measured dose was checked by simultaneously evaluating the measurements of a second dosimeter applied at an independent test site. All values were clearly under the maximum permissible boundary values, however, the differences between the groups with the lowest and the highest monthly radiation exposure were approximately three-fold. (author)

Security of radioactive materials for medical use

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elliott, A.

2006-01-01

Both sealed and unsealed radioactive sources are used in hospitals throughout the world for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. High activity single sealed sources are used in teletherapy units, although these are becoming less common as they are replaced by linear accelerators, and in blood irradiator units, which are in widespread use. Lower activity sealed sources are used in brachytherapy. High activity unsealed sources are used typically for the treatment of thyroid cancer and neuroblastoma in inpatients while diagnostic doses of unsealed radioactive materials have much lower activities. In the case of a central radiopharmacy producing patient doses of radiopharmaceutical for several Nuclear Medicine departments, however, quite large amounts of radioactive materials may be held. Hospitals are, by their nature, less secure than other licensed nuclear sites and the ever-changing patient /visitor (and staff) population is a further complicating factor. Hitherto, security of radioactive materials in hospitals has tended to be considered from the perspective only of radiation safety but this approach is no longer sufficient

Use of Magic polymer gels for dosimetry of unsealed source of yttrium 90

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meynard, K.; Bordage, M.C.; Cassol, E.; Courbon, F.; Ravel, P.

2007-01-01

Polymer gels are relative chemical dosimeters. They allow to access to three-dimensional dose distribution. The aim of this study has been to investigate the preparation and the use of a polymer gel with a tissue equivalent density known as MAGIC gel from magnetic resonance imaging and x-ray computed tomography for non-sealed source dosimetry. This kind of gel is 'normoxic' because it can be manufactured and used in normal room atmosphere. In the first part of this study, its accuracy and sensibility were studied using external beam irradiation by photons. Spin-spin relaxation rate (R 2 ) and Computed Tomography (CT) number had been used to record gel responses. Using the same manufacture process. radiolabelled gels composed of 95% MAGIC gel and 5% of 90 Y termed 90 Y-MAGIC 95 with varying activity ranged from 0 to 30 MBq were made. In case of photon external beam irradiation, a linear response is observed whatever the calibration method and the imaging system used (the correlation coefficient r 2 > 0.98 in all cases). 90 Y-MAGIC 95 radiolabelled gel responses were recorded after 28. 76 and 124 h. The R 2 /dose curves are not linear: three phases can be described. the first being linear with a slow slope (0.14 s -1 Gy -1 instead of 0.41 s -1 Gy -1 for external beam irradiation of the same gel batch). This study shows safety of radiolabelled MAGIC gels manufacturing process and their large dosimetric feasibility. 90 Y-MAGIC 95 gel response appears to be reproducible and related to the absorbed dose, thus this gel is a promising tool for non-sealed source dosimetry. (authors)

The Belgian approach and status on the radiological surveillance of radioactive substances in metal scrap and non-radioactive waste and the financing of orphan sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Braeckeveldt, Marnix; Preter, Peter De; Michiels, Jan; Pepin, Stephane; Schrauben, Manfred; Wertelaers, An

2007-01-01

Numerous facilities in the non-nuclear sector in Belgium (e.g. in the non-radioactive waste processing and management sector and in the metal recycling sector) have been equipped with measuring ports for detecting radioactive substances. These measuring ports prevent radioactive sources or radioactive contamination from ending up in the material fluxes treated by the sectors concerned. They thus play an important part in the protection of the workers and the people living in the neighbourhood of the facilities, as well as in the protection of the population and the environment in general. In 2006, Belgium's federal nuclear control agency (FANC/AFCN) drew up guidelines for the operators of non-nuclear facilities with a measuring port for detecting radioactive substances. These guidelines describe the steps to be followed by the operators when the port's alarm goes off. Following the publication of the European guideline 2003/122/EURATOM of 22 December 2003 on the control of high-activity sealed radioactive sources and orphan sources, a procedure has been drawn up by FANC/AFCN and ONDRAF/NIRAS, the Belgian National Agency for Radioactive Waste and Enriched Fissile Materials, to identify the responsible to cover the costs relating to the further management of detected sealed sources and if not found to declare the sealed source as an orphan source. In this latter case and from mid-2006 the insolvency fund managed by ONDRAF/NIRAS covers the cost of radioactive waste management. At the request of the Belgian government, a financing proposal for the management of unsealed orphan sources as radioactive waste was also established by FANC/AFCN and ONDRAF/NIRAS. This proposal applies the same approach as for sealed sources and thus the financing of unsealed orphan sources will also be covered by the insolvency fund. (authors)

Importance de la stratégie du marketing-mix en assurances de personnes ( cas de l'assurance scolaire de la CAAR dans la wilaya de Tlemcen)

OpenAIRE

Ali-belhadj, Yassine

2014-01-01

L'objectif de cette recherche est de déterminer les causes qui frénenet l'évolution du marché national des assurances de personne et la possibilité de le faire développer grâce de l'utilisation du marketing-mix des assurances.la premiére partie traite de l'aspect théorique du marketing des assurances .la deuxiéme partie observera le marketing des assurances en Algérie.

Travailler auprès de la personne âgée atteinte de démence: observations de huit jours à l'EMS "Les Tilleuls" : travail de Bachelor effectué dans le cadre de la formation à la Haute école de travail social de Genève

OpenAIRE

Wissmann, Christine; Armbruster Elatifi, Ulrike

2014-01-01

Ce travail de Bachelor a été distingué par le Prix Marie-Louise Cornaz 2014. À l’heure actuelle, la personne âgée atteinte de démence s’inscrit dans un contexte de peur. En effet, les pouvoirs publics s’alarment quant à l’augmentation incessante de cette maladie incurable ; les statistiques démontrent que les chiffres vont tripler dans les décennies à venir, s’élevant à 300’000 personnes atteintes en Suisse d’ici 2050. Force est de constater que cette thématique touche de près les EMS ; alors...

Volatilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from coal-tar-sealed pavement

Science.gov (United States)

Van Metre, Peter C.; Majewski, Michael S.; Mahler, Barbara J.; Foreman, William T.; Braun, Christopher L.; Wilson, Jennifer T.; Burbank, Teresa L.

2012-01-01

Coal-tar-based pavement sealants, a major source of PAHs to urban water bodies, are a potential source of volatile PAHs to the atmosphere. An initial assessment of volatilization of PAHs from coal-tar-sealed pavement is presented here in which we measured summertime gas-phase PAH concentrations 0.03 m and 1.28 m above the pavement surface of seven sealed (six with coal-tar-based sealant and one with asphalt-based sealant) and three unsealed (two asphalt and one concrete) parking lots in central Texas. PAHs also were measured in parking lot dust. The geometric mean concentration of the sum of eight frequently detected PAHs (ΣPAH8) in the 0.03-m samples above sealed lots (1320 ng m-3) during the hottest part of the day was 20 times greater than that above unsealed lots (66.5 ng m-3). The geometric mean concentration in the 1.28-m samples above sealed lots (138 ng m-3) was five times greater than above unsealed lots (26.0 ng m-3). Estimated PAH flux from the sealed lots was 60 times greater than that from unsealed lots (geometric means of 88 and 1.4 μg m-2 h-1, respectively). Although the data set presented here is small, the much higher estimated fluxes from sealed pavement than from unsealed pavement indicate that coal-tar-based sealants are emitting PAHs to urban air at high rates compared to other paved surfaces.

Safety assessment plans for authorization and inspection of radiation sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2002-05-01

The objective of this TECDOC is to enhance the efficacy, quality and efficiency of the whole regulatory process. It provides advice on good practice administrative procedures for the regulatory process for preparation of applications, granting of authorizations, inspection, and enforcement. It also provides information on the development and use of standard safety assessment plans for authorization and inspection. The plans are intended to be used in conjunction with more detailed advice related to specific practices. In this sense, this TECDOC provides advice on a systematic approach to evaluations of protection and safety while other IAEA Safety Guides assist the user to distinguish between the acceptable and the unacceptable. This TECDOC covers administrative advice to facilitate the regulatory process governing authorization and inspection. It also covers the use of standard assessment and inspection plans and provides simplified plans for the more common, well established uses of radiation sources in medicine and industry, i.e. sources for irradiation facilities, industrial radiography, well logging, industrial gauging, unsealed sources in industry, X ray diagnosis, nuclear medicine, teletherapy and brachytherapy

Safety assessment plans for authorization and inspection of radiation sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1999-09-01

The objective of this TECDOC is to enhance the efficacy, quality and efficiency of the whole regulatory process. It provides advice on good practice administrative procedures for the regulatory process for preparation of applications, granting of authorizations, inspection, and enforcement. It also provides information on the development and use of standard safety assessment plans for authorization and inspection. The plans are intended to be used in conjunction with more detailed advice related to specific practices. In this sense, this TECDOC provides advice on a systematic approach to evaluations of protection and safety while other IAEA Safety Guides assist the user to distinguish between the acceptable and the unacceptable. This TECDOC covers administrative advice to facilitate the regulatory process governing authorization and inspection. It also covers the use of standard assessment and inspection plans and provides simplified plans for the more common, well established uses of radiation sources in medicine and industry, i.e. sources for irradiation facilities, industrial radiography, well logging, industrial gauging, unsealed sources in industry, X ray diagnosis, nuclear medicine, teletherapy and brachytherapy

A Monte Carlo study on {sup 223}Ra imaging for unsealed radionuclide therapy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takahashi, Akihiko, E-mail: takahsr@hs.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp; Miwa, Kenta; Sasaki, Masayuki [Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582 (Japan); Baba, Shingo [Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582 (Japan)

2016-06-15

Purpose: Radium-223 ({sup 223}Ra), an α-emitting radionuclide, is used in unsealed radionuclide therapy for metastatic bone tumors. The demand for qualitative {sup 223}Ra imaging is growing to optimize dosimetry. The authors simulated {sup 223}Ra imaging using an in-house Monte Carlo simulation code and investigated the feasibility and utility of {sup 223}Ra imaging. Methods: The Monte Carlo code comprises two modules, HEXAGON and NAI. The HEXAGON code simulates the photon and electron interactions in the tissues and collimator, and the NAI code simulates the response of the NaI detector system. A 3D numeric phantom created using computed tomography images of a chest phantom was installed in the HEXAGON code. {sup 223}Ra accumulated in a part of the spine, and three x-rays and 19 γ rays between 80 and 450 keV were selected as the emitted photons. To evaluate the quality of the {sup 223}Ra imaging, the authors also simulated technetium-99m ({sup 99m}Tc) imaging under the same conditions and compared the results. Results: The sensitivities of the three photopeaks were 147 counts per unit of source activity (cps MBq{sup −1}; photopeak: 84 keV, full width of energy window: 20%), 166 cps MBq{sup −1} (154 keV, 15%), and 158 cps MBq{sup −1} (270 keV, 10%) for a low-energy general-purpose (LEGP) collimator, and those for the medium-energy general-purpose (MEGP) collimator were 33, 13, and 8.0 cps MBq{sup −1}, respectively. In the case of {sup 99m}Tc, the sensitivity was 55 cps MBq{sup −1} (141 keV, 20%) for LEGP and 52 cps MBq{sup −1} for MEGP. The fractions of unscattered photons of the total photons reflecting the image quality were 0.09 (84 keV), 0.03 (154 keV), and 0.02 (270 keV) for the LEGP collimator and 0.41, 0.25, and 0.50 for the MEGP collimator, respectively. Conversely, this fraction was approximately 0.65 for the simulated {sup 99m}Tc imaging. The sensitivity with the LEGP collimator appeared very high. However, almost all of the counts were

Volatilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from coal-tar-sealed pavement.

Science.gov (United States)

Van Metre, Peter C; Majewski, Michael S; Mahler, Barbara J; Foreman, William T; Braun, Christopher L; Wilson, Jennifer T; Burbank, Teresa L

2012-06-01

Coal-tar-based pavement sealants, a major source of PAHs to urban water bodies, are a potential source of volatile PAHs to the atmosphere. An initial assessment of volatilization of PAHs from coal-tar-sealed pavement is presented here in which we measured summertime gas-phase PAH concentrations 0.03 m and 1.28 m above the pavement surface of seven sealed (six with coal-tar-based sealant and one with asphalt-based sealant) and three unsealed (two asphalt and one concrete) parking lots in central Texas. PAHs also were measured in parking lot dust. The geometric mean concentration of the sum of eight frequently detected PAHs (ΣPAH(8)) in the 0.03-m samples above sealed lots (1320 ng m(-3)) during the hottest part of the day was 20 times greater than that above unsealed lots (66.5 ng m(-3)). The geometric mean concentration in the 1.28-m samples above sealed lots (138 ng m(-3)) was five times greater than above unsealed lots (26.0 ng m(-3)). Estimated PAH flux from the sealed lots was 60 times greater than that from unsealed lots (geometric means of 88 and 1.4 μg m(-2) h(-1), respectively). Although the data set presented here is small, the much higher estimated fluxes from sealed pavement than from unsealed pavement indicate that coal-tar-based sealants are emitting PAHs to urban air at high rates compared to other paved surfaces. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Radiological protection, safety and security issues in the industrial and medical applications of radiation sources

Science.gov (United States)

Vaz, Pedro

2015-11-01

The use of radiation sources, namely radioactive sealed or unsealed sources and particle accelerators and beams is ubiquitous in the industrial and medical applications of ionizing radiation. Besides radiological protection of the workers, members of the public and patients in routine situations, the use of radiation sources involves several aspects associated to the mitigation of radiological or nuclear accidents and associated emergency situations. On the other hand, during the last decade security issues became burning issues due to the potential malevolent uses of radioactive sources for the perpetration of terrorist acts using RDD (Radiological Dispersal Devices), RED (Radiation Exposure Devices) or IND (Improvised Nuclear Devices). A stringent set of international legally and non-legally binding instruments, regulations, conventions and treaties regulate nowadays the use of radioactive sources. In this paper, a review of the radiological protection issues associated to the use of radiation sources in the industrial and medical applications of ionizing radiation is performed. The associated radiation safety issues and the prevention and mitigation of incidents and accidents are discussed. A comprehensive discussion of the security issues associated to the global use of radiation sources for the aforementioned applications and the inherent radiation detection requirements will be presented. Scientific, technical, legal, ethical, socio-economic issues are put forward and discussed.

Manual on radiation protection in hospitals and general practice. Basic protection requirements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Braestrup, C.B.; Vikterloef, K.J.

1974-01-01

The manual as a whole deals with the radiation protection of patients, occupationally exposed persons, and the public. Volume 1, on basic protection requirements, is a general review common to all medical applications of ionizing radiation and radionuclides. Radiation protection is required for patients and staff, and with regard to medical research and chemical trials of new methods; radiation equipment and operating procedures are discussed in connection with diagnostic x-ray installations, x-ray beam therapy, gamma-ray installations for teletherapy, brachytherapy, unsealed sources for therapeutic use, and the diagnostic use of unsealed sources in nuclear medicine. In planning of radiation facilities, attention is paid to levels at which medical care is given, the centralization and decentralization of radiation facilities, diagnostic x-ray facilities and therapy facilities, and nuclear medicine and therapy with unsealed sources. Shielding design is discussed applicable to diagnostic radiology, radiotherapy, nuclear medicine and the therapeutic use of radionuclides. Assignment of responsibilities, legal responsibilities, safety checks, refresher courses and symposia are discussed in the context of organizing radiation protection. Radiation surveys are necessary, and such surveys are described for x-ray and gamma-ray beams, sealed radioactive sources and nuclear medicine. A whole section is devoted to personnel monitoring and health surveillance. An annex gives a list of commonly used radionuclides, another deals with the design of protective shielding

Respiratory source control using a surgical mask: An in vitro study.

Science.gov (United States)

Patel, Rajeev B; Skaria, Shaji D; Mansour, Mohamed M; Smaldone, Gerald C

2016-07-01

Cough etiquette and respiratory hygiene are forms of source control encouraged to prevent the spread of respiratory infection. The use of surgical masks as a means of source control has not been quantified in terms of reducing exposure to others. We designed an in vitro model using various facepieces to assess their contribution to exposure reduction when worn at the infectious source (Source) relative to facepieces worn for primary (Receiver) protection, and the factors that contribute to each. In a chamber with various airflows, radiolabeled aerosols were exhaled via a ventilated soft-face manikin head using tidal breathing and cough (Source). Another manikin, containing a filter, quantified recipient exposure (Receiver). The natural fit surgical mask, fitted (SecureFit) surgical mask and an N95-class filtering facepiece respirator (commonly known as an "N95 respirator") with and without a Vaseline-seal were tested. With cough, source control (mask or respirator on Source) was statistically superior to mask or unsealed respirator protection on the Receiver (Receiver protection) in all environments. To equal source control during coughing, the N95 respirator must be Vaseline-sealed. During tidal breathing, source control was comparable or superior to mask or respirator protection on the Receiver. Source control via surgical masks may be an important adjunct defense against the spread of respiratory infections. The fit of the mask or respirator, in combination with the airflow patterns in a given setting, are significant contributors to source control efficacy. Future clinical trials should include a surgical mask source control arm to assess the contribution of source control in overall protection against airborne infection.

Radiation safety requirements for radionuclide laboratories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2000-01-01

The guide lays down the requirements for laboratories and storage rooms in which radioactive substances are used or stored as unsealed sources. In addition, some general instructions concerning work in radionuclide laboratories are set out

Radiation safety requirements for radionuclide laboratories

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

The guide lays down the requirements for laboratories and storage rooms in which radioactive substances are used or stored as unsealed sources. In addition, some general instructions concerning work in radionuclide laboratories are set out.

Prévalence de l'hépatite B chez les personnes infectées par le VIH à Parakou au Bénin

Science.gov (United States)

Dovonou, Comlan Albert; Amidou, Salimanou Ariyoh; Kpangon, Amadohoué Arsène; Traoré, Yacoubou Adam; Godjedo, Togbemabou Primous Martial; Satondji, Assongba Joseph; Wachinou, Ablo Prudence; Issa-Djibril, Fatioulaye Mahamadi; Fourn, Léonard; Zannou, Djimon Marcel; Gandaho, Prosper

2015-01-01

Introduction La co-infection avec l'hépatite B est l'un des défis majeurs de la prise en charge du VIH depuis l'amélioration de l'accès aux antirétroviraux en Afrique. La présente étude visait à estimer la prévalence de l'hépatite B chez les personnes séropositives au VIH à Parakou et décrire les facteurs associés. Méthodes Il s'agit d'une étude transversale menée de Mai 2011 à Juin 2012 dans le service de Médecine du CHU de Parakou. Ont été inclus tous les adultes séropositifs au VIH vus en consultation ou hospitalisés. Les données ont été collectées par interviews et dépouillement de dossiers médicaux. L'antigène HBs a été recherché par un test rapide et l'ALAT a été dosé. L'analyse des données a été faite avec le logiciel EpiInfo 3.5.1. Les proportions ont été comparées grâce au test de Chi-deux ou au test de Fisher au seuil de significativité de 5%. Un modèle de régression logistique multivariable a permis d'expliquer la prévalence de l'hépatite B. Résultats Sur les 744 sujets inclus on a dénombré 555 femmes. L’âge moyen était de 35,5 + 10,1 ans. La prévalence de l'hépatite B a été estimée à 16,9% (IC95: 14,3%-19,9%). Cette prévalence était plus élevée chez les sujets originaires du Borgou/Alibori et ceux au stade 4 de l'OMS. Conclusion La prévalence de la co-infection VIH/VHB au CHU Parakou est élevée. Le dispositif national de prise en charge et de prévention de l'hépatite B chez les personnes séropositives au VIH doit être renforcé. PMID:26097629

Effect of pre-entry instruction as an additional part of radiation training beginner's course on reduction of radioactive contamination in two independent unsealed radioisotope facilities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsuda, Naoki; Yoshida, Masahiro; Takao, Hideaki; Kaneko, Mamoru; Okumura, Yutaka; Shimasaki, Tatsuya; Kojima, Akihiro; Shiraishi, Yoshioki; Horiuchi, Seikoh

2005-01-01

The education for radiation workers is essential for the safety of radiation facility that stands on radiation protection practice by each worker. Japanese laws concerning radiation safety requires each radiation worker attending the 6 hours beginner's training course before entering the control area. However, in unsealed radioisotope facilities, radioactive contaminations in the control area may still take place because practical procedures for radiation safety vary depending on the type of experiments and the characteristics of radioisotopes. Therefore, an additional and practical training for each radiation worker is needed. In an attempt to give the workers an additional training of this kind, the pre-entry instruction was performed independently in Center for Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University and in Institute of Resource Development and Analysis Kumamoto University. In this study, the efficacy of the instruction in each facility was assessed quantitatively on the basis of the incidence of contamination in the control area. The instruction covered laboratory rules, radioisotope ordering information, description of sign-up sheets, radioactive waste management, use of survey meters, and lab tour with an appropriate modification to meet with a specificity of each experiment. The instruction was given to beginners and to refreshers who have not handled radioisotopes for a long period, in a face-to-face manner for 1 hour before they start working radioisotopes. To examine the education effect on the reduction of contamination in a typical and frequently used laboratory, the contamination in molecular biology room of Nagasaki University was surveyed directly by a GM survey meter on a daily basis. In Kumamoto University, contamination on the surface of the entire floor in the control area was surveyed monthly by the smear method to know the education effect on general reduction of contamination. The results revealed that the number of contamination decreased

Radioactive sources in chemical laboratories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Janzekovic, H.; Krizman, M.

2007-01-01

Radioactive sources including all radioactive materials exceeding exemption levels have to be registered in national databases according to international standards based on the recommendations ICRP 60 and a proper licensing should take place as described for example in the 96/29/EURATOM. In spite of that, unregistered sources could be found, usually due to the fact that the owner is not aware of radiation characteristics of sources. The material inventories of chemical laboratories are typical and most frequent example where radioactive sources could be found. Five different types of sources could be identified. The most frequent type are chemicals, namely thorium and uranium compounds. They are used not due to their radioactivity but due to their chemical properties. As for all other sources a stringent control is necessary in order to assure their safe use. Around hundred of stored radioactive chemical items were found during inspections of such laboratories performed by the Slovenian Nuclear Safety Administration or qualified experts in a period December 2006 - July 2007. Users of such chemicals are usually not aware that thorium and uranium chemicals are radioactive and, as unsealed sources, they could be easily spilled out and produce contamination of persons, surfaces, equipment etc. The external exposure as well as the internal exposure including exposure due to inhalation could be present. No knowledge about special precautions is usually present in laboratories and leads to underestimating of a potential risk and unintentional exposure of the laboratory personnel, students etc. Due to the long decay times in decay series of Th -232, U-238 and U- 235 the materials are also radioactive today. Even more, in case of thorium chemicals the radioactivity increased substantially from the time of their production. The implementation of safety measures has been under way and includes a survey of the qualified experts, establishment of organizational structure in a

Simulation of a terrorist attack with intent to a source of Iridium-192 and Radium Sulphate-226: procedures for radiation emergency actions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aguiar, Bruno Dias de

2013-01-01

The accomplishment of major public events comprises a previous radiological safety planning network, since both public safety and safeguards criteria are based upon risk factors, to which individuals and even the environment may be exposed to, moreover in radiological, nuclear and/or terrorist threats. Therefore, a preventive and extensive local radiological survey must be performed, aiming the detection of unexpected radioactive material, being it a sealed or unsealed source or even in the dispersed form. Once confirmed its presence, protective actions must be started up, with monitoring and restraint of the source/material, followed by dose and dose rate assessment in environment, as well as contamination in air and in surfaces in general. As a consequence, such measures must be carried out at once, according to specific protocols adopted by the responding team, as soon as the incident is confirmed. Aiming a better qualification in the attendance of major events, a simulated scenario is proposed in this study, comprising an incident with the malicious presence of a radioactive source in the Mario Filho Stadium (Maracana). (author)

The IAEA Activities on Supporting the Use of Unsealed Radioisotopes for the Treatment of Malignant and Benign Diseases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zaknun, J.J.; Pillai, M.R.A.; Palm, S.; Dondi, M.

2009-01-01

The Nuclear Medicine Section of the IAEA has a long tradition in supporting the implementation of effective therapeutic application for the management of cancer and benign conditions. This obligation resides in Article II of the IAEA Statutes. The specific mission is to foster the application of nuclear medicine techniques in those diseases that may successfully be managed using radioisotopic applications. In addition to documents related to therapeutic application of unsealed radioisotopes, the IAEA was successful in managing a multicentre Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs) for the treatment of Hepato Cellular Carcinoma published recently in a special edition of the Seminars. Other CRPSs were aimed at improving quality of life of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and haemophilic arthropathy and the palliation of disseminated metastatic bone pain. In addition, to disseminate knowledge, high level experts are invited to consultancy panels to assist in producing relevant documents in the field of Nuclear Medicine, including publications, manuals and educational material all of which are accessible on-line. The Department of Nuclear Sciences and Application (NA) has identified the need to enhance the availability and accessibility of Member States to medical radioisotopes potentially attractive for clinical use, one of these being Lutetium-177. To achieve this objective a world-wide network of cooperation was established. Since several countries operating nuclear reactors at a low to medium-neutron flux are capable of producing sufficient amounts of Lu-177 for the labelling of bone seeking radiopharmaceuticals, Lu-177 ethylenediamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) ( 177 Lu-EDTMP) has been identified for its clinical potential as a safe, sustainable and cost-effective radiopharmaceutical for the management of bone pain caused by metastatic prostate and breast cancer. To fulfil the highest standards of international legal requirements, animal studies and

THE PROBLEMS OF USING EXEMPTION ACTIVITY VALUES FOR REGULATING THE MANAGEMENT OF SEALED RADIONUCLIDE SOURCES OF GAMMA-RADIATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. N. Barkovsky

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The article focuses on the procedure for exemption of the sealed and unsealed radionuclide sources of gamma radiation from regulatory control. The contradictory nature of the existing set of exemption criteria has been noted, leading, in some cases, to paradoxical situations. It is shown that the exempt activity values determined in NRB-99/2009 and in the international basic safety standards of the IAEA are significantly overestimated (in comparison with the activity values of a point source creating the ambient dose equivalent rate of 1 μSv / h at a distance of 0.1 m for a number of the most widely used gamma-emitting radionuclides, including 22Na, 54Mn, 75Se, 152Eu and 154Eu. It is proposed to revise the current values of exempt activity, bringing them in line with the dose rate criterion for the exempt of sealed radionuclide sources of gamma radiation, and to present them with one significant digit. The corrected values of exempt activity for  seven selected radionuclides are proposed for further use in the process of revision of the national radiation safety standards.

Radiological protection, safety and security issues in the industrial and medical applications of radiation sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vaz, Pedro

2015-01-01

The use of radiation sources, namely radioactive sealed or unsealed sources and particle accelerators and beams is ubiquitous in the industrial and medical applications of ionizing radiation. Besides radiological protection of the workers, members of the public and patients in routine situations, the use of radiation sources involves several aspects associated to the mitigation of radiological or nuclear accidents and associated emergency situations. On the other hand, during the last decade security issues became burning issues due to the potential malevolent uses of radioactive sources for the perpetration of terrorist acts using RDD (Radiological Dispersal Devices), RED (Radiation Exposure Devices) or IND (Improvised Nuclear Devices). A stringent set of international legally and non-legally binding instruments, regulations, conventions and treaties regulate nowadays the use of radioactive sources. In this paper, a review of the radiological protection issues associated to the use of radiation sources in the industrial and medical applications of ionizing radiation is performed. The associated radiation safety issues and the prevention and mitigation of incidents and accidents are discussed. A comprehensive discussion of the security issues associated to the global use of radiation sources for the aforementioned applications and the inherent radiation detection requirements will be presented. Scientific, technical, legal, ethical, socio-economic issues are put forward and discussed. - Highlights: • The hazards associated to the use of radioactive sources must be taken into account. • Security issues are of paramount importance in the use of radioactive sources. • Radiation sources can be used to perpetrate terrorist acts (RDDs, INDs, REDs). • DSRS and orphan sources trigger radiological protection, safety and security concerns. • Regulatory control, from cradle to grave, of radioactive sources is mandatory.

76 FR 8382 - Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact For...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-14

... license authorized the Licensee to have unsealed source material for purposes of storage, sampling... their NRC-approved, operating radiation safety procedures, were required. The Licensee was not required... site-specific dose modeling using input parameters specific to the Facility, which included the soil's...

Code of practice for the safe use of ionizing radiation in secondary schools (1986)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1987-01-01

The code of practice is intended for schools and indicates the basic philosophy behind the current approach to the control of hazards associated with the use of ionizing radiation. The purpose of this code is to provide guidance on safe and proper practices in the use of radiation. It covers modes of radiation exposure, shielding, dose limits, responsibility, general rules, x-ray generators, general control of radioactive sources, sealed sources and unsealed sources

Accident with radioactive substances in laboratory. An exercise during the education of persons in radiation protection, who are working with open radioactive sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stolze, B.

2003-01-01

In spite of carefulness it is possible,that contamination occur by handling unscaled radioactive sources or in case of an accident. It is demonstrated in an exercise managing an accident with unscaled radioactive sources. The persons, who are educated in radiation protection for handling unsealed radioactive sources, must have knowledge of theoretical regulations of the radiation protection law and of the limits in radiation protection. Also they have to know the handling to reduce possible contamination. They have to be able to calculate the dose of skin contamination. In my lecture I give some information on regulations of accidents with radioactive sources in Germany and a scenario of an accident and I explain, what is to do to manage this event. A person opened an ampoule. The activity splashed and contaminated the person's hand, arm and face. Also in the room there was a contamination. The desk and the floor were contaminated. There were 50 MBq P-32 as NaH 2 P''32O 3 in water solution, I give a report on practices in our courses, which the participants have to do. The radiological experts have to decontaminate the skin and they have to calculate the skin-dose and to give the information to the authorities. (Author) 4 refs

Les droits de la personne sur ONF.ca : discours et images de la tolérance

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christine Albert

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Résumé En décembre 2012, ONF.ca ajoutait une chaîne consacrée aux « Droits de la personne » à sa plateforme web celle-ci proposant une sélection de films portant sur « les droits fondamentaux qui protègent tout être humain ». Pour examiner cette dernière, on partira du postulat selon lequel l’encadrement discursif qui accompagne cette sélection peut influencer la façon dont l’utilisateur regardera les films proposés. Dans un premier temps on se concentrera sur l’espace discursif, pour en dégager les stratégies de mise en valeur : sur quoi insistent-elles ? Quelles sont les attitudes valorisées par le discours ? Dans un second temps, on observera, à partir d’analyses filmiques, si les promesses avancées par ces discours s’avèrent tenues, en d’autres termes on se demandera en quoi ces films répondent ou non aux attentes suscitées par l’encadrement discursif. Abstract In December 2012, NFB.ca added a channel to its website dedicated to “Human rights.” This channel offers a selection of films pertaining to “the inalienable fundamental rights to which all persons are entitled.” This article consists of an examination of this channel, using as a starting point the assumption that the discursive framework accompanying the channel may influence the way in which the user views the selected films found there. The initial focus falls on the discursive space and identifying therein the strategies that are used to describe the selected films: What do they draw attention to? Which attitudes are emphasized by the discourse? The article then moves to examine, through film analysis, the promises made by these discourses, and whether or not they are fulfilled; we will examine the extent to which the films meet the expectations provoked by the discourses.

Radiation protection and regulatory aspects in the use of radiation sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sen, Amit; Dash Sharma, P.K.; Sonawane, A.U.

2012-01-01

The uses of ionising radiation sources (i.e. radioisotopes and radiation generating equipment such as accelerators and X-ray machines) for multifarious applications in industry, medicine, agriculture, research and teaching have been significantly increasing all over the world. In India, the application of radiation sources in various fields has registered phenomenal growth during the last decade. The use of radiation sources mainly include radiation processing for food preservation and sterilization of healthcare products, radiotherapy for treatment of cancer, nuclear medicine for diagnosis and therapy, gamma chambers for several R and D studies, blood irradiators, industrial radiography for non destructive examinations of steel structures, industrial ionising radiation gauging devices for monitoring/measurement of on-line quality control parameters (e.g. thickness, level, density, moisture, elemental analysis), consumer products such as gaseous tritium light sources (GTLS), gaseous tritium light devices (GTLD), ionisation chamber smoke detectors (ICSD), fluorescent light starters, antistatic devices and incandescent gas mantles containing thorium etc. All these beneficial applications involve use of both sealed and unsealed radioactive sources and amount of radioactivity varies from few kBq (μCi) to hundreds of TBq (thousands of curies). Radiation sources emit ionising radiations and if not handled properly and safely, may give rise to potential exposures leading to an unacceptable hazard. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure a high standard of safety and reliability in handling of radiation equipment and sources through their careful design by ensuring adequate built-in-safety as per applicable national/international standard, safe operation and periodic maintenance procedures, safe transport from one place to another, secured storage when not in use, physical security to radiation sources, effective emergency response plans and preparedness, including safe

Management of radioactive medical waste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deschamps, S.; Mathey, J.C.

1996-01-01

Hospitals are producers of small amounts of radioactive waste. Current legislation details exactly how hospitals should manage it. Sealed sources are returned to suppliers. Disposal of unsealed sources, liquid or solid, depends upon their half-life: short-lived radioisotopes (half-life less than two months) are stocked on site while they decay; isotopes with longer half-lives (greater than two months) are handled by a specialist organization (ANDRA). (authors). 8 refs

S'attaquer à l'inflation et à la réforme du régime de retraite au Liban ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

20 avr. 2016 ... Comme les personnes n'ayant pas occupé un emploi officiel n'y sont pas admissibles, nombre de personnes, parmi lesquelles des vendeurs de rue, des jeunes, des pigistes, des personnes au foyer et des handicapés, se voient refuser une couverture. Ces personnes font souvent appel aux membres de ...

Evaluation of nuclear data for R and D projects; development of database for medical nuclear data

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seo, Tae Suk [Catholic University, Seoul (Korea); Shin, D. O. [Kyung Hee University, Seoul (Korea); Joh, C. W.; Chang, J. S. [Ajou University, Suwon (Korea); Choi, Y. [Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul (Korea); Kim, S. H. [Hanyang University, Seoul (Korea); Park, S. Y. [National Cancer Center, Seoul (Korea); Shin, D. H.; Lee, S [Kyonggi University, Seoul (Korea)

2002-04-01

Medical nuclear data used in the country is not provided by academic associations and organizations concerned and even by government organizations concerned. This is aimed to investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic equipments in the clinical use and the domestic present status of nuclear data and physical properties of sealed or unsealed radioactive isotopes and to establish the nuclear database. About 120 domestic centers take nuclear medicine tests and 52 medical centers do radiotherapy. The 30-odd different kinds of radionuclides are usually used in nuclear medicine in the country. The 30-odd kinds of unsealed sources are used for diagnosis and therapy and 10-odd kinds of sealed sources for brachytherapy in the country. The special radiotherapy includes Gamma-knife, linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery, conformal radiotherapy and Intensity modulated radiotherapy. The nuclear data base has been completed on the basis of these data collected and the web site made is available with ease to anyone who want to get nuclear data. 39 refs., 20 figs., 8 tabs. (Author)

Nuclear medicine therapy

CERN Document Server

Eary, Janet F

2013-01-01

One in three of the 30 million Americans who are hospitalized are diagnosed or treated with nuclear medicine techniques. This text provides a succinct overview and detailed set of procedures and considerations for patient therapy with unsealed radioactivity sources.  Serving as a complete literature reference for therapy with radiopharmaceuticals currently utilized in practice, this source covers the role of the physician in radionuclide therapy, and essential procedures and protocols required by health care personnel.

Sources and circulation of water and arsenic in the Giant Mine, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada.

Science.gov (United States)

Clark, Ian D; Raven, Kenneth G

2004-06-01

Recovery of gold from arsenopyrite-hosted ore in the Giant Mine camp, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada, has left a legacy of arsenic contamination that poses challenges for mine closure planning. Seepage from underground chambers storing some 237,000 tonnes of arsenic trioxide dust, has As concentrations exceeding 4000 ppm. Other potential sources and sinks of As also exist. Sources and movement of water and arsenic are traced using the isotopes of water and sulphate. Mine waters (16 ppm As; AsV/AsIII approximately 150) are a mixture of two principal water sources--locally recharged, low As groundwaters (0.5 ppm As) and Great Slave Lake (GSL; 0.004 ppm As) water, formerly used in ore processing and discharged to the northwest tailings impoundment (NWTP). Mass balance with delta18O shows that recirculation of NWTP water to the underground through faults and unsealed drillholes contributes about 60% of the mine water. Sulphate serves to trace direct infiltration to the As2O3 chambers. Sulphate in local, low As groundwaters (0.3-0.6 ppm As; delta34SSO4 approximately 4% and delta18OSO4 approximately -10%) originates from low-temperature aqueous oxidation of sulphide-rich waste rock. The high As waters gain a component of 18O-enriched sulphate derived from roaster gases (delta18OSO4) = + 3.5%), consistent with their arsenic source from the As2O3 chambers. High arsenic in NWTP water (approximately 8 ppm As; delta18OSO4 = -2%) derived from mine water, is attenuated to close to 1 ppm during infiltration back to the underground, probably by oxidation and sorption by ferrihydrite. Copyright 2004 Taylor and Francis Ltd.

L'offre en soins auprès de la personne âgée souffrant de constipation perçue par les infirmières du CMS: une approche éducative au travers du prisme d'une vision humaniste

OpenAIRE

Fiori, Federica

2008-01-01

Ce mémoire vise à décrire et à expliciter la nature de la fonction éducative soignante des infirmières du CMS auprès de personnes âgées vivant à domicile et souffrant de constipation. Il s'agit d'une recherche de type qualitatif qui consiste à donner la parole auy professionnelles du CMS. Des entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés auprès de trois infirmières travaillant chacune dans un CMS différent. Le jury a relevé les qualités suivantes : - capacité à faire vivre les cadres de références...

Mexico : tous les projets | Page 5 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Sujet: PEACE RESEARCH, CONFLICT RESOLUTION, DEMOCRATIZATION, ECONOMIC RECONSTRUCTION, Economic and social development. Région: ... Les déplacements quotidiens de millions de personnes vers leur lieu de travail constituent une importante source de pollution en milieu urbain. Date de début : 1 ...

Radiation protection in nuclear medicine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chougule, Arun

2014-01-01

The branch of medical science that utilizes the nuclear properties of the radioactivity and stable nuclides to make diagnostic evaluation of anatomical and/or physiological conditions of the body and provide therapy with unsealed radioactive sources is called Nuclear Medicine (NM). The use of unsealed radionuclides in medicine is increasing throughout the world for diagnosis and treatment. As per UNSCEAR report more than 6 million nuclear medicine procedures are conducted in a year. However we know that radiation is double edged sword and if not used carefully will be harmful to patient as well as staff and therefore a nuclear medicine procedure should be undertaken only after proper justification and optimization. Nuclear medicine procedures are different than the X-ray diagnostic procedures as in NM, radioisotope is administered to patient and patient becomes radioactive. The NM staff is involved in unpacking radioactive material, activity measurements, storage of sources, internal transports of sources, preparation of radiopharmaceuticals, administration of radiopharmaceutical, examination of the patient, care of the radioactive patient, handling of radioactive waste and therefore receives radiation dose. This talk will discuss the various steps for radiation safety of patient, staff and public during Nuclear Medicine procedures so as to implementing the ALARA concept. (author)

Requirements applied in Cuba to the transport of radioactive materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ouevedo Garcia, J.R.; Lopez Forteza, Y.

1998-01-01

The objective of this paper is to comment the supplementary requirements imposed by the Competent Authority to the operations of the main importing/delivering enterprise of unsealed sources for approvals and administration since the establishment, in 1987, of the legal framework on transport of radioactive materials. The paper summarizes the achieved results in this field in over 11 years operation. (author)

La libre circulation des personnes au sein de l’espace de la C.E.M.A.C : entre mythes et réalités Free movement of people within the Central Africa Economic and Monetary Community : between myths and reality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Serge Loungou

2012-12-01

Full Text Available La question de la libre circulation des personnes est une des pierres d’achoppement entre les Etats membres de la Communauté Economique et Monétaire de l’Afrique Centrale (C.E.M.A.C. Cette mésentente est liée à une multitude de raisons, dont certaines participent de constructions imaginaires développées en particulier au Gabon et en Guinée équatoriale. Trois grands mythes sous-tendent le refus manifeste de ces deux Etats d’appliquer le principe communautaire de la libre circulation des personnes ; il s’agit des mythes de l’invasion démographique, de la spoliation économique et de la perversion sociale associée à la délinquance d’origine étrangère. Fortement ancrées dans les consciences nationales, ces représentations s’expriment à travers des politiques migratoires et des pratiques frontalières particulièrement discriminatoires à l’égard des ressortissants de la sous-région.The issue of free movement of people is one of the stumbling blocks between the Members of the Central Africa Economic and Monetary Community (C.A.E.M.C. This disagreement is related to many reasons, some of which are part of imaginary constructions developed especially in Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. Three great myths are underlying the apparent reluctance of these two states to apply the principles of free movement of people: the myth of demographic invasion and the myths of economic and social perversion associated with the crime of foreign origin. Deeply rooted in the national consciousness, these representations are expressed through migration policies and border practices which are particularly discriminatory against nationals of the sub region.

: tous les projets | Page 402 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les déplacements quotidiens de millions de personnes vers leur lieu de travail constituent une importante source de pollution en milieu urbain. Date de début : 1 mars 2010. End Date: 1 septembre 2012. Sujet: WORKING CONDITIONS, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. Région: Argentina, South ...

A method of fingerprinting the sources of fluvial sediment using environmental radionuclides. A case study of Tsuzura river watershed

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mizugaki, Shigeru; Onda, Yuichi; Fukuyama, Taijiro; Koga, Satoko; Hiramatsu, Shinya

2006-01-01

To study the fluvial sediment sources in forested watershed in Shikoku Island, Japan, the concentration of Cs-137 and Pb-210 ex and U decay series radionuclides were analyzed. The study area in the midstream of Shimanto River basin, located 700 km southwest of Tokyo. The 0.33 km 2 area watershed ranges in elevation from 170 m to 560 m above sea level. The soil sampling was conducted in hillslopes in various locations such as landslide scar, soil surface in unmanaged Hinoki (Chamacecyparis obtusa) plantation and unsealed forest road, and detailed sampling in the stream bed and bank was also conducted in several tributaries. Time-integrated suspended sediment sampler was adopted to obtain enough volume of sample to determine the radionuclides. The activities of Cs-137, Pb-210, Pb-214 and Bi-214 of soils and fluvial sediments were determined by gamma-ray spectrometry. Correction for the effect of particle size distribution and organic matter content on the radionuclides were conducted to compare the radionuclides concentration between the soils of potential suspended sediment sources and fluvial sediments. It was found that there were significant differences of Cs-137 and Pb-210 ex concentration between forest floor or runoff sediment and forest road or stream bank. The Cs-137 and Pb-210 ex concentration of suspended sediment varied among them, suggesting the possibility of fingerprinting the sources of fluvial sediment by Cs-137 and Pb-210 ex . (author)

Concevoir des objets techniques pour une population normale, c’est-à-dire comprenant aussi des personnes handicapées ou très âgées Designing technological devices for a normal population, namely also including disabled people and the elderly. Contribution of ergonomics Contribution of ergonomics Diseñar objetos técnicos para una población normal, es decir incluyendo personas discapacitadas o adultos mayores. Contribución de la ergonomía

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jean-Claude Sperandio

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Les technologies peuvent être des obstacles redoutables pour les personnes handicapées ou très âgées, ou au contraire apporter des solutions efficaces aux problèmes que rencontrent ces personnes. Ceci concerne les objets ordinaires de la vie courante, mais aussi les aides techniques spécialisées, le logement, le transport public, les postes de travail, etc. Beaucoup de réaménagements spéciaux ou d’aides techniques particulières ne seraient pas nécessaires si la conception initiale des objets ou services destinés au grand public tenait compte de l’existence de personnes handicapées ou très âgées dans la population générale. L’ergonomie peut contribuer à la conception d’objets techniques et de services plus facilement utilisables par des personnes handicapées.Technologies can be formidable obstacles for disabled people or the elderly, or inversely, can also provide effective solutions to the problems that these people encounter. This involves all the usual objects of daily life, but also assistive devices, lodging, public transportation, workstations, etc.Many special redesigns or particular assistive devices would be unnecessary if the initial design of objects or services intended for the general public had taken into account disabled people or the elderly in the general population. Ergonomics can contribute to the design of assistive devices and services more easily usable by handicapped peopleLas tecnologías pueden constituir obstáculos temibles para las personas discapacitadas o de edad muy avanzada, o al contrario, pueden solucionar de un modo eficaz los problemas que estas personas encuentran. Esta problemática concierne los objetos ordinarios de la vida diaria, pero también las ayudas técnicas especializadas, el espacio habitacional, el transporte público, los puestos de trabajo, etc. Muchas adaptaciones especiales o ayudas técnicas especializadas no serían necesarias si el diseño inicial de los

Local-regional networks of persons with abilities in radioprotection and other actors in radioprotection. Audit report; Les reseaux loco-regionaux de personnes competentes en radioprotection et autres acteurs de la radioprotection. Rapport d'audit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lefaure, Ch.

2009-03-15

As the regulation requires the existence of persons with abilities in radioprotection (PCR, personnes competentes en radioprotection) in many industrial, medical or research activities where ionizing radiations are present, in order to improve worker protection, these professionals who are much less acknowledged in these sectors than in the nuclear sector, felt the need to gather in regional and sector-based networks. This report proposes a presentation of three existing networks (the APCRAP, the Grand-Ouest network, and the Aquitaine-Sud-Ouest network). For each of them, the report addresses the following aspects: creation, objectives, statutes, members, activities, human, technical and financial resources, role. Then answers to a survey and to interviews are analyzed with respect to the professional sector and to the region, in terms of expectations towards the networks, and in terms of network operation and services. Interviews of institutional actors and union and management representatives are also analysed

Radioactive sealed sources: Reasonable accountability, exemption, and licensing activity thresholds -- A technical basis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, D.W.; Shingleton, K.L.

1996-01-01

Perhaps owing to their small size and portability, some radiation accidents/incidents have involved radioactive sealed sources (RSSs). As a result, programs for the control and accountability of RSSs have come to be recommended and emplaced that essentially require RSSs to be controlled in a manner different from bulk, unsealed radioactive material. Crucially determining the total number of RSSs for which manpower-intensive radiation protection surveillance is provided is the individual RSS activity above which such surveillance is required and below which such effort is not considered cost effective. Individual RSS activity thresholds are typically determined through scenarios which impart a chosen internal or external limiting dose to Reference Man under specified exposure conditions. The resultant RSS threshold activity levels have meaning commensurate with the assumed scenario exposure parameters, i.e., if they are realistic and technically based. A review of how the Department of Energy (DOE), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) have determined their respective accountability, exemption, and licensing threshold activity values is provided. Finally, a fully explained method using references readily available to practicing health physicists is developed using realistic, technically-based calculation parameters by which RSS threshold activities may be locally generated

The technique on handling radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1997-11-01

This book describes measurement of radiation and handling radiation. The first part deals with measurement of radiation. The contents of this part are characteristic on measurement technique of radiation, radiation detector, measurement of energy spectrum, measurement of radioactivity, measurement for a level of radiation and county's statistics on radiation. The second parts explains handling radiation with treating of sealed radioisotope, treating unsealed source and radiation shield.

Radiation protection in radionuclide investigations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taylor, D.M.

1985-01-01

The subject is covered in sections: introduction; radiation and radioactivity; alpha particles; beta particles; neutrons; electromagnetic radiation; units of radioactivity and radiation; biological effects of radiation; the philosophy of radiation protection (ALARA principle); practical aspects of radiation protection; work with unsealed radiation sources; radionuclide studies in experimental animals; radiation safety during clinical investigations; legislative control of radiation work; radioactive waste disposal; emergency procedures; conclusion. (U.K.)

Localisation d'une source sonore par un réseau de microphones

OpenAIRE

Thaljaoui , Adel; Brulin , Damien; Val , Thierry; Nasri , Nejah

2014-01-01

National audience; L'assistance à domicile d'une personne âgée, notamment la connaissance de sa position géographique en tout instant, est devenue actuellement l'une des problématiques les plus urgentes. L'exploitation de l'information audio captée par un réseau de capteurs munis de microphones constitue un axe de recherche prometteur qui pourrait contribuer à une meilleure localisation dans le cadre des maisons intelligentes. Nous introduisons, dans cet article, nos premiers travaux sur la l...

VIII. Safety and method of work in ionizing radiation applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1984-01-01

Ionizing radiation may damage the organism in two ways: the damage may be chronic or acute. The characteristics of the two types of damage are described. The Czechoslovak State Standard allows the level of 50 mSv as the maximum permissible dose for whole-body exposure for personnel working with radiation. In case of sources incorporated in the body of the workers the maximum permissible dose should not exceed the value of 2.8 μSv/h during decay. Precautions are given for operation with X-ray instruments. In the X-ray room good ventilation must be provided in view of the presence of ozone and oxides. Diagnostic and therapeutical instruments are placed in a separate room from control instruments. The walls are reinforced with barite concrete. Tables are given showing excitation voltage in kV of primary radiation at which the shortest wavelengths and corresponding voltage would be o.enerated scattered at different angles and with minimum wavelength. Also given are thicknesses of the lead layer in mm for different distances from the source and for different voltages in kV at 10 mA. Corrections are given for other current intensities. Radiation protection of personnel working with sealed sources may be achieved by shielding, shortening the time required for handling and the distance at which the source is operated. For operating unsealed radioactive sources various types of shieldings are used depending on the type of radiation. Workplaces are classified into three categories and hygiene regulations are summed up for work with unsealed sources. (E.S.)

Le rendement dans l’utilisation du clavier d’ordinateur pour écrire chez les personnes ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme / Performance using a computer keyboard for writing among persons with an autism spectrum disorder

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claire Dumont

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Les personnes ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA ont fréquemment des problèmes graphomoteurs. Ces difficultés ont à leur tour des répercussions sur de nombreuses occupations, le rendement scolaire et le développement de la personne. Dans cette situation, l’écriture avec un clavier peut s’avérer une alternative pertinente. Cette étude vise à décrire le rendement des enfants ayant un TSA dans leur réalisation de tâches avec le clavier d’ordinateur et de le comparer à celui des enfants à développement typique. Le Test du rendement dans l’utilisation de l’ordinateur a été administré à un échantillon de 53 enfants âgés entre six et 15 ans ayant un TSA. Les résultats suggèrent qu’ils peuvent avoir un rendement équivalent, supérieur ou inférieur en fonction de leurs caractéristiques et du type de tâche. Le test permet également d’observer plusieurs particularités de leurs processus d’apprentissage. Des suggestions pour l’amélioration des connaissances et des pratiques en découlent. Persons with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD frequently have graphomotor problems. These difficulties in turn have repercussions on numerous tasks, on academic performance and on personal development. In this situation, writing using a keyboard can be a relevant alternative. This study aims to describe the performance of children with an ASD in performing tasks using a computer keyboard and to compare it with that of children whose development is typical. The Performance using a computer test was administered to a sample of 53 children with an ASD, aged 6 to 15. Findings suggest that they can offer an equal, superior or inferior performance depending on their characteristics and on the type of task performed. The test also allows the observation of several characteristics in their learning processes. Suggestions for the improvement of the knowledge base and practices follow.

Decree No 67-228 of 15 March 1967 regulating the protection of workers against the hazards of ionizing radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1967-01-01

This Decree, together with its implementing Orders, contains the basic provisions for the protection of workers. However, it does not cover large nuclear installations and mainly applies to establishments dealing with sealed or unsealed sources and X-ray devices. It lays down the measures to be complied with by employers in such establishments to ensure the protection of staff and also sets out the maximum permissible equivalent radiation doses. (NEA) [fr

Safety Regulations for Ionizing Radiations. Vietnam Standard (TCVN 4397-87)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1987-01-01

The regulations were prepared for purpose of providing basic requirements of ionizing radiation protection and giving guide for design criteria of radiation installations in Vietnam. The allowable maximum levels for personnel categories are established. Regulated are methods for handling sealed and unsealed sources of radiation, transfer and transport of radioactive materials. Defined requirements and operating conditions that must be met. Determined are procedures and actions of decontamination. (N.H.A)

Radioactive wastes and effluents in hospitals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carlier, V.

2000-01-01

Out of sealed sources that have a particular management and regulation, the hospitals and laboratories use radioisotopes in liquid unsealed sources. The radioisotopes receive a particular surveillance, as well for their use as for the wastes they produce. At each step of their use, a follow up of these products and induced wastes is going to be made in a rigorous way, and their noxiousness taken into account. Whatever can be the product, the aim is the same: the matter is to preserve man and his environment from noxious effects of these products. (N.C.)

Télétravail, changements climatiques et politiques publiques | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les déplacements quotidiens de millions de personnes vers leur lieu de travail constituent une importante source de pollution en milieu urbain. Les technologies de l'information et de la communication permettent de travailler à distance, contribuant ainsi à réduire les émissions des gaz à effet de serre causés par les ...

Offers

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2013-01-01

Découvrez les plus belles tables de Suisse romande et de France voisine en bénéficiant des réductions suivantes sur chaque repas, pendant une année : 50 % pour 2 personnes, 40 % pour 3 personnes, 30 % pour 4 personnes, 20 % pour 5 à 6 personnes. Comment ça marche ? Faites votre choix parmi les 110 restaurants de votre région et réservez votre table pour 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6 personnes. Présentez votre Passeport Gourmand dès votre arrivée. Savourez votre repas et profitez d’une réduction exceptionnelle sur votre addition (hors boissons, menu du jour et business lunch). Quels sont vos avantages ? Profitez du prix préférentiel pour les membres de l’association du CERN : – Passeport Gourmand Genève : CHF 75.- (au lieu de CHF 95.-) – Passeport Gourmand Ain/Savoie/Haute-Savoie : CHF 59.- (au lieu de CH...

Offers

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2013-01-01

Découvrez les plus belles tables de Suisse romande et de France voisine en bénéficiant des réductions suivantes sur chaque repas, pendant une année : 50 % pour 2 personnes / 40 % pour 3 personnes / 30 % pour 4 personnes / 20 % pour 5 à 6 personnes. Comment ça marche ? Faites votre choix parmi les 110 restaurants de votre région et réservez votre table pour 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6 personnes. Présentez votre Passeport Gourmand dès votre arrivée. Savourez votre repas et profitez d’une réduction exceptionnelle sur votre addition (hors boissons, menu du jour et business lunch). Quels sont vos avantages ? Profitez du prix préférentiel pour les membres de l’association du CERN : – Passeport Gourmand Genève : CHF 75.- (au lieu de CHF 95.-) – Passeport Gourmand Ain/Savoie/Haute-Savoie : CHF 59.- (au lieu de...

Regulatory control of radiation sources and radioactive materials in Ireland

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McGarry, A.T.; Fenton, D.; O'Flaherty, T.

2001-01-01

The primary legislation governing safety in uses of ionizing radiation in Ireland is the Radiological Protection Act, 1991. This Act provided for the establishment in 1992 of the Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland, and gives the Institute the functions and powers which enable it to be the regulatory body for all matters relating to ionizing radiation. A Ministerial Order made under the Act in 2000 consolidates previous regulations and, in particular, provides for the implementation in Irish law of the 1996 European Union Directive which lays down basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the dangers arising from ionizing radiation. Under the legislation, the custody, use and a number of other activities involving radioactive substances and irradiating apparatus require a licence issued by the Institute. Currently some 1260 licences are in force. Of these, some 850 are in respect of irradiating apparatus only and are issued principally to dentists and veterinary surgeons. The remaining licences involve sealed radiation sources and/or unsealed radioactive substances used in medicine, industry or education. A schedule attached to each licence fully lists the sealed sources to which the licence applies, and also the quantities of radioactive substances which may be acquired or held under the licence. It is an offence to dispose of, or otherwise relinquish possession of, any licensable material other than in accordance with terms and conditions of the licence. Disused sources are returned to the original supplier or, where this is not possible, stored under licence by the licensee who used them. Enforcement of the licensing provisions relies primarily on the programme of inspection of licensees, carried out by the Institute's inspectors. The Institute's Regulatory Service has a complement of four inspectors, one of whom is the Manager of the Service. The Manager reports to one of the Institute's Principal

Metabolism and toxicology of plutonium-239 - evaluation of the internal contamination of persons professionally exposed (1963); Metabolisme et toxicologie du plutonium 239 - evaluation de la contamination interne des personnes professionnellement exposees (1963)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Henry, Ph [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Centre de Production de Plutonium, Marcoule (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1963-07-01

After reviewing the main metabolic and toxicological properties of plutonium 239 as well as the professional norms now in force, the report considers the difficult problem of the evaluation of the internal contamination of persons professionally exposed. This evaluation is dependent on the practical organisation of the supervision involved: - systematic supervision by periodic analysis of urinary Pu and special supervision in the case of incidents by an examination adapted to each case. A simple interpretation of the systematic analyses, as well as the evaluation methods used in the main cases of occidental contamination are outlined. (author) [French] Apres avoir passe en revue les principales proprietes metaboliques et toxicologiques du plutonium 239, ainsi que les normes professionnelles actuellement en vigueur, le rapport aborde le probleme difficile de l'evaluation de la contamination interne des personnes professionnellement exposees. Cette evaluation est fonction de l'organisation pratique de la surveillance: - surveillance systematique par des analyses periodiques de Pu urinaire et surveillance speciale en cas d'incidents par des examens appropries a chaque cas. Une interpretation simple des analyses systematiques, ainsi que des methodes d'evaluation utilisables dans les principaux cas de contamination accidentelle sont exposees. (auteur)

Thermal expansion, modulus of elasticity, shrinkage, creep and residual strength of concrete for PCRVs at uniaxial stress state and elevated temperatures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aschl, H.; Stoeckl, S.

1981-01-01

At the Institut fuer Massivbau of the Technical University of Munich testing machines were built, which allow to test sealed and unsealed cylinders with uniaxial stress state at elevated temperatures till 523 K (250 0 C). With this equipment tests were carried out at predried, unsealed and sealed specimens to study - thermal expansion coefficient - modulus of elasticity - shrinkage and - creep of concrete at elevated temperatures of 353 K (80 0 C) and 393 K (120 0 C) and at a normal temperature of 293 K (20 0 C). In addition the residual strength of all specimens was measured. In the worst case (unsealed, i.e. drying specimens) some showed a maximum decrease in strength up to 60%. (orig.) [de

: tous les projets | Page 168 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Financement total : CA$ 1,499,300.00. Établissement d'une gouvernance efficace de l'eau dans les hautes terres d'Asie. Projet. La plupart des grandes rivières d'Asie, qui alimentent près de trois milliards de personnes en aval, prennent leur source dans les hautes terres d'Asie, y compris l'Himalaya et le plateau tibétain.

Climate Adaptive Water Management Plans for Cities in South Asia ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Établissement d'une gouvernance efficace de l'eau dans les hautes terres d'Asie. La plupart des grandes rivières d'Asie, qui alimentent près de trois milliards de personnes en aval, prennent leur source dans les hautes terres d'Asie, y compris l'Himalaya et le... Voir davantageÉtablissement d'une gouvernance efficace de ...

Radioprotection protocol hospital staff for the care of patients treated with 131I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Robledo, Julieta; Russo, S.

2009-01-01

The aim of the present article is to start giving some answers to the inquiries of community about one of the peaceful uses of the nuclear energy which is the use of radiation in the diagnosis and therapy of unseal sources. The administrative staff from the Nuclear Medicine Service supplies the first answers to patients and their relatives or even to staff working in other hospital services. Not only information about the studies performed but also answers to clear doubts or worries in connection with the use of such radiation during the diagnosis or therapy. Regarding the worries arisen within the Nurses department in charge of the care of patients under treatment with 131 I about the basic safety standards for protection against ionizing radiation, the conditions of facilities were checked and also regulations and ways of working of the staff caring for the said patients. The result was used in the annual doses calculation received by the staff in the present conditions of work. In order to estimate dose which may be received by nurses twenty four patient were considered, with an administered average activity of 150 mCi (5550MBq). Data provided by the Nuclear Medicine Service. Adopting the model described in the ICRP N53 'Radiation Dose to Patient from Radiopharmaceutical', the annual dose received by the staff of nurses is obtained. It results to be equivalent to receiving the dose of 18 thorax x-rays. This value is below the limit settled down by the ARN applied for general public. This work tries to palliate the great ignorance as regards radiation safety, not only concerning patients and relatives, but also the nurses who are daily dealing with patients under treatment of unseal sources. This methodology allows evaluating current working conditions, as well as possible future actions or recommendations in order to decrease the personnel 's dose. A written protocol was carried out according to the international regulations regarding this type of therapy

L’évaluation systématique des instruments pour mesurer la douleur chez les personnes âgées ayant des capacités réduites à communiquer*

Science.gov (United States)

Aubin, Michèle; Giguère, Anik; Hadjistavropoulos, Thomas; Verreault, René

2007-01-01

La douleur chronique est souvent sous-détectée et insuffisamment traitée dans les milieux de soins de longue durée. Les outils d’autorapport (ou autoévaluation) de la douleur, comme l’échelle visuelle analogique, n’ont été validés que partiellement chez les populations âgées, en raison de la prévalence élevée de déficits visuels, auditifs, moteurs et cognitifs que l’on y trouve. Des outils d’observation des patients ont été développés pour pallier ces difficultés d’utilisation des échelles d’autorapport de la douleur. Le présent projet vise l’identification de ces échelles et leur évaluation sur la base de la validité de contenu (12 questions), de la validité de construit (12 questions), de la fiabilité (13 questions) et de l’utilité clinique (10 questions). Parmi les 24 instruments recensés, plusieurs apparaissent prometteurs pour évaluer la douleur chez les personnes âgées atteintes de démence sévère. Des efforts additionnels de validation sont cependant requis avant leur intégration à la pratique régulière en soins de longue durée. PMID:17717611

Country report from Japan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sekine, Toshiaki [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Takasaki, Gunma (Japan). Takasaki Radiation Chemistry Research Establishment

1998-10-01

The status on the production of radioisotopes by JAERI is briefly discussed. JAERI has withdrawn from the routine production of the processed unsealed radioisotopes, and is going into being more research-oriented. Recent developments include: a {sup 99m}Tc generator for (n, {gamma}){sup 99}Mo; positron emitters for plant study; pharmaceuticals with radioactive rhenium; brachytherapy sources. A plan of producing radioisotopes with a high power proton accelerator of the Neutron Science Project is presented. (author)

Royal Order of 21 August 1985 amending the Royal Order of 28 February 1963 enacting General Regulations for Protection of the Population and Workers against the Hazards of Ionizing Radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1985-01-01

The amendments to the 1963 Royal Order aim to improve the prior licensing procedure for products containing radioisotopes to be used as unsealed sources in human or veterinary medicine for ''in vivo'' or ''in vitro'' diagnostic purposes and for therapy. They concern, in particular, the preparation of the licensing file, quality control procedures and the laboratories approved to perform such controls. The Ministerial Order of 13th April 1984 which contained similar provisions is revoked. (NEA) [fr

Radiation safety requirements for radionuclide laboratories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1993-01-01

In accordance with the section 26 of the Finnish Radiation Act (592/91) the safety requirements to be taken into account in planning laboratories and other premises, which affect safety in the use of radioactive materials, are confirmed by the Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety. The guide specifies the requirements for laboratories and storage rooms in which radioactive materials are used or stored as unsealed sources. There are also some general instructions concerning work procedures in a radionuclide laboratory

Radiation safety procedures in radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rajashekharrao, B.; Samuel, A.M.

1999-01-01

During any administration of radioactive materials, it is imperative to always be conversant with any forbidden radiation health safety practices. This need is amplified when dealing with therapeutic amount of radionuclides. Among all the procedures dealing with the use of radiopharmaceuticals, it is easiest to think of 131 I, since this is the most widely used unsealed source of a radiopharmaceutical for treatment of thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism and carries with it most of the problems associated with therapy applications

The Environmental Assessment and Management (TEAM) Guide: New Hampshire Supplement

Science.gov (United States)

2010-03-01

enamels and films applied to paper, plastics or foil (NHCAR Env-A 1204.03). • Coating Line - a s eries o f one o r more ap paratus o r operations...insulated varnish o r enamel i s applied onto the surface of wire for use in electrical machinery (NHCAR Env-A 1204.03). • Major Source - one of the...which regulated contaminants cannot pass when spilled. The term includes concrete and asphalt unless unsealed cracks or holes are present, and does

Human infestation by pigeon fleas (Ceratophyllus columbae) from feral pigeons.

OpenAIRE

Haag-Wackernagel, D; Spiewak, R.W.

2004-01-01

The report concerns a married couple who were repeatedly invaded by pigeon fleas (Ceratophyllus columbae) over a period of 2 months. The source of the fleas was a pair of breeding feral pigeons (Columba livia). The birds' nest was located in the attic immediately above the couple's apartment, and the fleas found their way along an unsealed heating pipe. The people encountered up to 40 bites per night. With invasions repeated almost every night, the man gradually developed an allergic urticari...

Evaluation of maximum absorbed dose for accompanying patients in nuclear medicine establishments; Avaliacao da dose maxima absorvida por acompanhantes de pacientes em servicos de medicina nuclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cabral, Geovanna; Amaral, Ademir; Hazin, Clivis A. [Pernambuco Univ., Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Energia Nuclear; Lima, Ricardo A.; Nogueira, Maria S. [Centro Regional de Ciencias Nucleares (CRCN), Recife, PE (Brazil); Lopes, Ferdinand [Centro de Medicina Nuclear de Pernambuco (CEMUPE), Recife, PE (Brazil); Guimaraes, Maria Ines C.C. [Sao Paulo Univ., SP (Brazil). Centro de Medicina Nuclear

2001-07-01

In nuclear medicine, radioisotopes are bound to various pharmaceuticals for use in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. These unsealed sources are administered in various forms to patients, who remain radioactive for hours or days, and represent a source of potential radiation exposure for others. Thus, in nuclear medicine departments, radiation protection of workers and members of the public (especially persons accompanying patients) must consider this exposure. In this study, thermoluminescent dosimeters were given to various persons who were accompanying patients in two nuclear medicine departments in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. Exposure results are given, and issues regarding exposure conditions and times for members of the public in these departments are discussed. (author)

Tracing sediment sources in the Williams River catchment using caesium-137 and heavy metals: towards an assessment of the relative importance of surface erosion and gully erosion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krause, A.K.; Kalma, J.D.; Loughran, R.J.

1999-01-01

Recent sediment sourcing in the 1175km 2 Williams River catchment near Newcastle, NSW, has involved the use of caesium-137 ( 137 Cs) and heavy metals to identify zones of erosion and estimate erosion rates. Sediment sources to the Williams River include sheet erosion from forested and grazed lands, stream channels (especially banks), gullies and roads. The fallout environmental radioisotope 137 Cs was used to assess the erosion status of five vegetated slopes using soil sampling along transects. The net loss or gain of 137 Cs at each sampling point was compared with the 137 Cs level at a reference site at the slope crest. Net soil loss at each point was calculated from an Australian regression model relating net soil loss from runoff-erosion plots to 137 Cs deficit in soils (n=34; r=0.84). Net soil gain was calculated using the regression model in reverse mode. A weighted net soil loss (or gain) was then calculated for each slope transect. Results showed low net soil loss, ranging from zero to 0.64 t ha -1 yr 1 , suggesting that slopes were not major contributors of sediment to the Williams River. A small sub-catchment south of Wirragulla Hill, typical of the lower Williams region, was selected for more detailed tracing of sediment sources. The catchment contains gullies, sheet-erosion exposed sub-soil, grassland and one unsealed road. Heavy metals and 137 Cs have been used to fingerprint the sources, and these measurements will be compared with suspended sediment collected from drainage water in the creek. Only preliminary results have been obtained for this component of the study. The paper will assess these two approaches for the identification of sediment sources and discuss practical applications in water resources management

Établissement d'une gouvernance efficace de l'eau dans les hautes ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La plupart des grandes rivières d'Asie, qui alimentent près de trois milliards de personnes en aval, prennent leur source dans les hautes terres d'Asie, y compris l'Himalaya et le plateau tibétain. Selon les prévisions, le réchauffement planétaire et les changements climatiques qui y sont associés influeront sur le débit des ...

Safety of cryopreservation straws for human gametes or embryos: a preliminary study with human immunodeficiency virus-1.

Science.gov (United States)

Benifla, J L; Letur-Konïrsch, H; Collin, G; Devaux, A; Kuttenn, F; Madelenat, P; Brun-Vezinet, F; Feldmann, G

2000-10-01

The aim of this preliminary experimental study was to test the stability of cryopreservation straws to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). Three kinds of straws were tested: four polyvinyl chloride (PVC), four polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and 20 high-security ionomeric resin (IR). The PVC and PETG straws were sealed ultrasonically, and the IR straw by thermosoldering. Each sealed straw was cut in half to produce two demi-straws and then filled with 100 microl of HIV-1-containing supernatant (reverse transcriptase activity: 15 000 c.p.m./50 microl). The unsealed cotton end of PVC and PETG straws and the two halves of the IR straws (cotton and plastic plug ends) were tested. Each demi-straw was two- thirds submerged in RPMI medium at 37 degrees C, and RPMI samples were withdrawn on days 3, 7 and 11. Viral RNA was extracted from the medium and then amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by nested PCR using primers specific to HIV-1 protease. On day 7, no HIV-1 RNA was detected in any of the different samples of medium that had surrounded the unsealed PVC and PETG straws with cotton ends, but three IR specimens were positive. On day 11, PVC and PETG remained negative but HIV-1 RNA was detected in RPMI samples for two more IR demi-straws (n = 5). In conclusion, under these experimental conditions (at 37 degrees C), the unsealed cotton end PVC, PETG and thermosoldered cotton end IR demi-straws appeared to be safe for HIV-1, while IR straws, sealed or unsealed with a plastic plug and with unsealed cotton ends, leaked.

Concrete for PCRV's: Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures and residual mechanical behaviour after triaxial preloading

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aschl, H.; Moosecker, W.

1979-01-01

During the lifetime of reactor vessels stress states will change as a result of changes in loading and heating, shrinkage and creep. For the design of prestressed concrete reactor vessels information is required about the behaviour of concrete under multiaxial short- and long-term loading at elevated temperatures. Therefore, tests were carried out at the Institut fuer Massivbau of the Technical University of Munich to study the properties of mass concrete under uniaxial loading at 353 K. Additionally, biaxial creep of concrete up to 368 K was investigated. Some of the uniaxial test specimens were sealed with a copper foil to avoid drying. The concrete contained calzite gravel. The thermal expansion coefficient of predried concrete was 9.5 x 10 -6 , of sealed concrete 13.6 x 10 -6 and of unsealed concrete 13.2 x 10 -6 . The modulus of elasticity at 353 K (393 K) was reduced by 10 (13)% for sealed and by 15 (22)% for unsealed specimens. Total shrinkage deformations of heated concrete were 190 to 225 microstrains for sealed and 250 to 350 microstrains for unsealed specimens. Creep deformations were highly dependent upon temperature being about 3 times higher at 353 K for sealed and unsealed concrete. (orig.)

Coal-tar-based pavement sealcoat and PAHs: implications for the environment, human health, and stormwater management.

Science.gov (United States)

Mahler, Barbara J; Metre, Peter C Van; Crane, Judy L; Watts, Alison W; Scoggins, Mateo; Williams, E Spencer

2012-03-20

Coal-tar-based sealcoat products, widely used in the central and eastern U.S. on parking lots, driveways, and even playgrounds, are typically 20-35% coal-tar pitch, a known human carcinogen that contains about 200 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds. Research continues to identify environmental compartments-including stormwater runoff, lake sediment, soil, house dust, and most recently, air-contaminated by PAHs from coal-tar-based sealcoat and to demonstrate potential risks to biological communities and human health. In many cases, the levels of contamination associated with sealed pavement are striking relative to levels near unsealed pavement: PAH concentrations in air over pavement with freshly applied coal-tar-based sealcoat, for example, were hundreds to thousands of times higher than those in air over unsealed pavement. Even a small amount of sealcoated pavement can be the dominant source of PAHs to sediment in stormwater-retention ponds; proper disposal of such PAH-contaminated sediment can be extremely costly. Several local governments, the District of Columbia, and the State of Washington have banned use of these products, and several national and regional hardware and home-improvement retailers have voluntarily ceased selling them.

Coal-tar-based pavement sealcoat and PAHs: implications for the environment, human health, and stormwater management

Science.gov (United States)

Mahler, Barbara J.; Van Metre, Peter C.; Crane, Judy L.; Watts, Alison W.; Scoggins, Mateo; Williams, E. Spencer

2012-01-01

Coal-tar-based sealcoat products, widely used in the central and eastern U.S. on parking lots, driveways, and even playgrounds, are typically 20-35% coal-tar pitch, a known human carcinogen that contains about 200 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds. Research continues to identify environmental compartments—including stormwater runoff, lake sediment, soil, house dust, and most recently, air—contaminated by PAHs from coal-tar-based sealcoat and to demonstrate potential risks to biological communities and human health. In many cases, the levels of contamination associated with sealed pavement are striking relative to levels near unsealed pavement: PAH concentrations in air over pavement with freshly applied coal-tar-based sealcoat, for example, were hundreds to thousands of times higher than those in air over unsealed pavement. Even a small amount of sealcoated pavement can be the dominant source of PAHs to sediment in stormwater-retention ponds; proper disposal of such PAH-contaminated sediment can be extremely costly. Several local governments, the District of Columbia, and the State of Washington have banned use of these products, and several national and regional hardware and home-improvement retailers have voluntarily ceased selling them.

Ionizing radiations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2009-01-01

After having recalled some fundamental notions and measurement units related to ionizing radiations, this document describes various aspects of natural and occupational exposures: exposure modes and sources, exposure levels, biological effects, health impacts. Then, it presents prevention principles aimed at, in an occupational context of use of radiation sources (nuclear industry excluded), reducing and managing these exposures: risk assessment, implementation of safety from the front end. Some practical cases illustrate the radiation protection approach. The legal and regulatory framework is presented: general notions, worker exposure, measures specific to some worker categories (pregnant and breast feeding women, young workers, temporary workers). A last part describes what is to be done in case of incident or accident (dissemination of radioactive substances from unsealed sources, anomaly occurring when using a generator or a sealed source, post-accident situation)

Radiological departments. Chapter 4.3.5

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1983-01-01

The book deals with the problems of health, labor and fire protection in the public health service of the GDR as a whole. A special chapter treats these items concerning the conditions in radiological departments. In this connection the main legal regulations are presented. Introducing remarks on generation and properties of ionizing radiations and on biological radiation effects are outlined. Further, the responsibilities in radiation protection, maximum permissible radiation doses and the handling of X-ray devices, sealed and unsealed radiation sources are discussed

L’expérience d’une patiente qui reçoit des soins pour la démence

Science.gov (United States)

Frank, Christopher; Forbes, Rev Faye

2017-01-01

Résumé Objectif Permettre aux médecins de famille de comprendre « l’expérience vécue » de la démence de la bouche d’une personne atteinte de démence—Faye Forbes, ministre anglicane de 64 ans atteinte de la maladie d’Alzheimer, qui donne son point de vue sur comment vivre avec la démence—et utiliser cette information pour améliorer les soins et les résultats. Sources d’information Une recherche a été effectuée dans MEDLINE sur Ovid entre janvier 2005 et février 2015, à l’aide des mots-clés anglais suivants : dementia, caregiver, perspectives et quality of health care. Les articles qui s’adressaient aux médecins de famille ont été sélectionnés. Des revues pertinentes et des articles de recherche originaux ont été utilisés, le cas échéant, s’ils s’appliquaient aux personnes atteintes de démence et à leurs soignants. Message principal Plusieurs cadres de référence organisent les principales expériences décrites par les patients et leurs soignants. Nous avons utilisé une revue de la littérature qualitative pour fournir un cadre de référence résumant l’expérience de Faye, en fonction des thèmes suivants : tenter d’obtenir un diagnostic, accéder au soutien et aux services, besoins en matière d’information, prise en charge de la maladie, et communication et attitudes. Conclusion Les médecins doivent tenir compte de ces thèmes lorsqu’ils planifient la prise en charge des personnes atteintes de démence. Il importe de tenter de comprendre l’expérience et le point de vue des personnes atteintes de démence et de leurs soignants afin de pouvoir dispenser des soins optimaux. PMID:28115451

Training in nuclear medicine: Based on the recommendations of IAEA/WHO Seminar, 8-12 August 1988, Vienna, Austria

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-01-01

Nuclear Medicine is defined as a clinical specialty that utilizes the radionuclides for diagnosis, therapy and medical research. The radionuclides are used as unsealed sources of radioactivity. The diagnostic applications include both in vivo and in vitro uses of radioisotopes. There is hardly any medical research which does not use radioactive compounds. Only clinical research is considered within the purview of nuclear medicine. The Recommendations of IAEA/WHO seminar reviewed the needs of training in nuclear medicine mainly for the physicians with special emphasis on the needs of the developing countries

Training in nuclear medicine: Based on the recommendations of IAEA/WHO Seminar, 8-12 August 1988, Vienna, Austria

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-12-31

Nuclear Medicine is defined as a clinical specialty that utilizes the radionuclides for diagnosis, therapy and medical research. The radionuclides are used as unsealed sources of radioactivity. The diagnostic applications include both in vivo and in vitro uses of radioisotopes. There is hardly any medical research which does not use radioactive compounds. Only clinical research is considered within the purview of nuclear medicine. The Recommendations of IAEA/WHO seminar reviewed the needs of training in nuclear medicine mainly for the physicians with special emphasis on the needs of the developing countries

Guidelines for the practice of radiopharmacy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1988-05-01

The main objective of the guidelines is to establish minimum standards for the practice of radiopharmacy in Australia and New Zealand. The guidelines are intended to provide a basis for the safe and efficient practice of radiopharmacy in a hospital or clinical environment. They cover premises in which radiopharmacy is practised; procurement and use of sealed and unsealed radioactive sources; radiopharmaceutical HOT LAB dose preparation; routine quality control procedures; dispensing of radiopharmaceuticals; distribution of radiopharmaceuticals; record keeping; basic radiation protection procedures; consultation and education; research and development; and the preparation of sterile radiopharmaceuticals

Instruction No. 108, on handling of radioactive materials at Ministry of public health establishments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1975-01-01

The regulation applies to the design, construction, reconstruction, and operation of any medical establishment, facilities using radioactive substances for diagnostic, therapeutic, or research purposes. Designs for nuclear medicine laboratories (or departments) must be approbated by, and commissioning performed with the participation of representatives of the State Sanitary Control. Use of radioactive materials is licensed by the Ministry of Public Health and the Committee for Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy. Radiation safety responsibility is assigned to a specific staff member of the laboratory (or department). Any receipt or transfer of radioactive material is entered into appropriate records, acts, or requests. Special storage facilities must be available; their design and equipment have to meet the particular requirements for the corresponding class of work, as determined by the activity levels, radiotoxicities, and physical conditions of the radioactive substances used. With storage of unsealed sources, the class is at least second. Sealed source treatment requires primarily protection from external exposure. In such cases provisions are made for one basic and one intermediate storage facility; an applicator preparation room; and application room; a sterilization room; a surgery room; wards; toilets and washrooms for patients treated; a routine manipulation room; and a stock room. A number of safety rules in handling sealed sources are listed. A detailed system of radiation protection safeguards and rules is prescribed with regard to ventilation, sewer systems, remote control devices, work clothing and gloves, etc. Handling of unsealed radioactive materials used for diagnostic or research purposes should meet the requirements placed upon the respective radioisotope laboratory class, which has to be at least second. (G.G.)

Afterloading

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watson, E R [Glasgow Western Infirmary (UK)

1981-12-01

In view of the likely revision of the Code of Practice for radiation safety for radiotherapy departments, a review of existing safety precautions is undertaken. Most of the dose to radiographers comes from unsealed sources (e.g. /sup 131/I) and the use of small sealed sources in the form of intracavitory insertions, implants and moulds. Small sealed sources are dealt with in particular. Factors considered in minimising the dose to operational personnel are shielding, distance, time and manual or automatic afterloading of the radiation source. A detailed discussion is given on various commercial afterloading devices and operational experience of treating carcinoma of the cervix at Glasgow is reported. It is concluded that manual afterloading does not protect the staff at greatest risk (usually nurses) and that automatic afterloading machines appear to be the ideal solution.

Use of radioisotopes in Japan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Foeldiak, G.

1974-01-01

A survey of the following general data on the use of radioisotopes in Japan is given (from the material of the 11th Japan Conference on Radioisotopes): 1. number of the organizations using radioactive isotopes, grouped according to special working fields and instruments; 2. amount of the unsealed sources (Ci) used in the different special working fields in 1971, 4. amount of the sealed sources (Ci) used between 1966 and 1971. 5. number of the institutions using sealed sources, grouped according to special working fields (March, 1972), 6. number of the accelerators applied, grouped according to special working fields (March, 1972), 7. number of the nuclear instruments in the education and research institutes (March, 1972), 8. amount of the collected radioactive waste material between 1960 and 1971 (number of containers). (K.A.)

Carrières | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le développement ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le CRDI regroupe des gens qui partagent une passion pour la recherche pour le développement international. La recherche pour le développement contribue réellement à changer les choses lorsqu'elle reçoit un soutien adéquat et que les bonnes personnes y travaillent. Nous recherchons des personnes qui ont la ferme ...

Vers des chaînes d'approvisionnement durables et éthiques ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les personnes les plus vulnérables ont tendance à être des travailleurs à domicile dépendants, et la majorité d'entre elles sont des femmes qui travaillent dans des installations externes, souvent à partir de leur propre foyer. En tant que « travailleurs à domicile », ces personnes sont moins susceptibles d'être reconnues en ...

Hydraulic effects of unsealed boreholes. Numerical groundwater flow modelling of the Forsmark and Laxemar sites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bockgaard, Niclas

2011-06-01

numerical groundwater modelling code DarcyTools was used for the simulations. Continuum hydraulic property fields for the flow simulations were generated from the deterministic deformation zones and the modelled DFN. DarcyTools has a special routine for simulation of open boreholes. A reference borehole plugging scheme and a simplified version were applied for the reference boreholes. The concept for borehole sealing included alternating sections of silica-concrete and bentonite along the borehole. In the models, appropriate values of hydraulic conductivity were assigned to the grid cells representing the studied boreholes to accommodate simulation of the borehole sealing. The hydraulic impacts on the groundwater flow conditions of the open (unsealed) and poorly sealed boreholes were investigated by steady-state simulations. No salinity and no density effects were included in the simulations. The variables that were investigated were changes in the hydraulic head and flow fields around the boreholes at repository depth, the total flow through a defined rock volume surrounding the boreholes, and the flow along the boreholes. Also, in order to study the impact on advective travel time for water and solutes between repository depth and surface, particle tracking was performed between a horizontal plane at -600 m and the -50 m level. The simulations indicated that the open boreholes have a considerable hydraulic influence, especially on hydraulic heads at large depths. There was a difference in the hydraulic function of the open boreholes when comparing the two sites studied for the present-day hydraulic boundary conditions. In Forsmark, as a discharge area for deeper groundwater, open boreholes acted as easy path ways for groundwater from repository depth to surface. In Laxemar, on the other hand, being in part a recharge area for deeper groundwater, open boreholes acted as paths from surface to depth. The open boreholes increased the groundwater turnover in the borehole site

Hydraulic effects of unsealed boreholes. Numerical groundwater flow modelling of the Forsmark and Laxemar sites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bockgaard, Niclas [Golder Associates AB, Stockholm (Sweden)

2011-06-15

numerical groundwater modelling code DarcyTools was used for the simulations. Continuum hydraulic property fields for the flow simulations were generated from the deterministic deformation zones and the modelled DFN. DarcyTools has a special routine for simulation of open boreholes. A reference borehole plugging scheme and a simplified version were applied for the reference boreholes. The concept for borehole sealing included alternating sections of silica-concrete and bentonite along the borehole. In the models, appropriate values of hydraulic conductivity were assigned to the grid cells representing the studied boreholes to accommodate simulation of the borehole sealing. The hydraulic impacts on the groundwater flow conditions of the open (unsealed) and poorly sealed boreholes were investigated by steady-state simulations. No salinity and no density effects were included in the simulations. The variables that were investigated were changes in the hydraulic head and flow fields around the boreholes at repository depth, the total flow through a defined rock volume surrounding the boreholes, and the flow along the boreholes. Also, in order to study the impact on advective travel time for water and solutes between repository depth and surface, particle tracking was performed between a horizontal plane at -600 m and the -50 m level. The simulations indicated that the open boreholes have a considerable hydraulic influence, especially on hydraulic heads at large depths. There was a difference in the hydraulic function of the open boreholes when comparing the two sites studied for the present-day hydraulic boundary conditions. In Forsmark, as a discharge area for deeper groundwater, open boreholes acted as easy path ways for groundwater from repository depth to surface. In Laxemar, on the other hand, being in part a recharge area for deeper groundwater, open boreholes acted as paths from surface to depth. The open boreholes increased the groundwater turnover in the borehole site

Pharmacokinetics of Cefuroxime in Cortical and Cancellous Bone Obtained by Microdialysis - a Porcine Study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tøttrup, Mikkel; Forsingdal Hardlei, Tore; Bendtsen, Michael

2014-01-01

. As reference, free and total plasma concentrations were also measured. The animals received a bolus of 1500 mg cefuroxime over 30 min. No significant differences between key pharmacokinetic parameters for sealed and unsealed drill holes in cortical bone were found. The mean area under the concentration...... (MD) technique for measurement of cefuroxime in bone, and to obtain pharmacokinetic profiles for the same drug in porcine cortical and cancellous bone. Measurements were conducted in bone-wax sealed and unsealed drill holes in cortical bone, in drill holes in cancellous bone and in subcutaneous tissue...

Contester le mariage forcé : mettre en place la ligne de défense et le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le mariage forcé viole les principes de liberté personnelle et d'autonomie individuelle. Il est considéré comme une violation des droits de la personne aux termes du droit international en matière de droits de la personne. Ce projet produira des données probantes qui aideront à combattre le mariage forcé en Inde ...

24 années d’épidémie de sida dans l’archipel indonésien

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laurence Husson

2012-10-01

Full Text Available L’ONUSIDA dans son bilan 2007 estimait le nombre de personnes infectées par le VIH dans le monde à 33 millions, avec 2,7 millions de nouvelles contaminations et 2 millions de décès dans l’année. Si l’Afrique subsaharienne était de loin la région du monde la plus durement touchée avec 22 millions de personnes infectées, l’Asie du Sud et du Sud-Est était aussi très concernée avec 4,2 millions de personnes porteuses du virus. Au sein de cette Asie, l’Indonésie, avec 240 millions d’habitants en 2...

Pipeline leak detection method and control device therefor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bell, D.A.

1983-01-01

Leaks may be located in a pipeline by introducing into the pipeline an assembly that includes a pipe-sealing packer unit, a control unit, and a radioactive source shielded from the control unit. The control unit includes a gamma ray detector that controls the sealing and unsealing of the pipe by the packer in response to the detection of radiation exceeding a preset threshold - a detection event. The assembly is pushed through the pipeline by a relatively low fluid pressure behind it. The progress of the assembly through the pipeline may be monitored externally by a gamma ray detector

Development of in vitro techniques for individual monitoring of "3"2P

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Almeida, A.P.F.; Sousa, W.O.; Dantas, A.L.A.; Dantas, B.M.

2016-01-01

The "3"2P is used in the form of liquid unsealed sources in medical facilities, research and teaching, representing a risk of internal exposure in routine activities and in case of accidental incorporation. The evaluation of "3"2P incorporation can be accomplished through in vitro bioanalysis of urine. This paper aims to provide a methodology to analyze "3"2P in biological samples, applicable to internal individual monitoring using liquid scintillation technique. The minimum detectable activity of the system was determined and the sensitivity of the technique was evaluated, based on the detected minimum effective dose. (author)

Cancer - the delivery of nursing care

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cox, S.; Wark, E.

1978-01-01

This and the preceding article (Nursing Mirror, Sept. 1, 1978) form a slightly shortened version of Chap. 5 from Vol. 2 of the book 'Oncology for Nurses and Health Care Professionals', ed. R. Tiffany, (Allen and Unwin, Oct. 1978). Teletherapy was dealt with in part 1. Part 2 is concerned with radiotherapy using radioisotope implants and applicators and unsealed sources, and with surgery and chemotherapy, including side effects of anti-tumour drugs. The physical and psychological effects on the patient of these forms of treatment are discussed, and nursing care and radiological safety precautions for both patients and nursing staff are described. (author)

Development of in vitro techniques for individual monitoring of {sup 32}P; Desenvolvimento de tecnicas in vitro para monitoracao individual de {sup 32}P

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Almeida, A.P.F.; Sousa, W.O.; Dantas, A.L.A.; Dantas, B.M., E-mail: adantas@ird.gov.br, E-mail: wander@ird.gov.br, E-mail: bmdantas@ird.gov.br [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Divisao de Dosimetria

2016-07-01

The {sup 32}P is used in the form of liquid unsealed sources in medical facilities, research and teaching, representing a risk of internal exposure in routine activities and in case of accidental incorporation. The evaluation of {sup 32}P incorporation can be accomplished through in vitro bioanalysis of urine. This paper aims to provide a methodology to analyze {sup 32}P in biological samples, applicable to internal individual monitoring using liquid scintillation technique. The minimum detectable activity of the system was determined and the sensitivity of the technique was evaluated, based on the detected minimum effective dose. (author)

Cancer - the delivery of nursing care. Pt. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cox, S [Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton (UK); Wark, E

1978-09-07

This and the preceding article (Nursing Mirror, Sept. 1, 1978) form a slightly shortened version of Chap. 5 from Vol. 2 of the book 'Oncology for Nurses and Health Care Professionals', ed. R. Tiffany, (Allen and Unwin, Oct. 1978). Teletherapy was dealt with in part 1. Part 2 is concerned with radiotherapy using radioisotope implants and applicators and unsealed sources, and with surgery and chemotherapy, including side effects of anti-tumour drugs. The physical and psychological effects on the patient of these forms of treatment are discussed, and nursing care and radiological safety precautions for both patients and nursing staff are described.

2783-IJBCS-Article-Alasani Adebayo

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Au regard des connaissances actuelles, aucune étude n'est disponible au Bénin sur le profil lipidique des personnes vivant avec le VIH. L'objectif de la présente étude est de décrire le profil lipidique des personnes vivant avec le VIH sous antirétroviral suivies au CHU-O/P de Porto-Novo. Il s'est agi d'une étude.

De nombreux emplois, de rares débouchés : une croissance inégale ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

16 déc. 2010 ... Edgard Rodriguez. « En une page » de MCP. LES FAITS. La population active de l'Inde comptera bientôt un demi-milliard de personnes; chaque année, du début des années 1990 à 2004-2005, environ huit millions de personnes sont venues s'y ajouter. Des recherches menées pour le projet du CRDI ...

Confiabilidade da tradução e adaptação do Test d'Évaluation des Membres Supérieurs de Personnes Âgées (TEMPA para o português e validação para adultos com hemiparesia Reliability of the translation and adaptation of the Test d'Évaluation des Membres Supérieurs des Personnes Âgées (TEMPA to the Portuguese language and validation for adults with hemiparesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

SM Michaelsen

2008-12-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O Test d'Évaluation des Membres Supérieurs de Personnes Âgées (TEMPA é composto por tarefas padronizadas, representando atividades da vida diária e avalia a função do membro superior (MS de pessoas com alteração motora. Além da medida do tempo e da graduação funcional, o instrumento propõe uma análise das tarefas executadas. OBJETIVO: Os objetivos do estudo foram: traduzir e adaptar para a língua portuguesa o formulário e o manual de administração do TEMPA; avaliar a confiabilidade teste reteste e interobservadores e a validade para pacientes com hemiparesia. MÉTODOS: Participaram deste estudo 23 pacientes (61±13 anos com hemiparesia (30±29 meses e 23 controles (60±12 anos. A confiabilidade interobservadores foi testada comparando o resultado de dois observadores, em avaliações realizadas no mesmo dia. A confiabilidade teste reteste foi testada comparando o resultado das avaliações, repetidas no intervalo de uma semana. A validade para hemiparéticos foi avaliada por meio da correlação com a escala de Fugl-Meyer (EFM. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostram adequada confiabilidade interobservadores (coeficiente de correlação intraclasse - CCI=0,93 e teste reteste (CCI=0,99 para os escores totais. Nos pacientes com comprometimento motor moderado a grave (EFM50, a confiabilidade para a velocidade na execução assim como para o escore funcional total (interobservadores, ICC=0,79 e teste-reteste, ICC=0,78, foi adequada. A correlação do TEMPA com a EFM foi de r=-0,85 (p=0,001. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados sugerem adequada confiabilidade para a versão brasileira do TEMPA e validade para pacientes com hemiparesia.INTRODUCTION: The Test d'Évaluation des Membres Supérieurs de Personnes Âgées (TEMPA is composed of standardized tasks that represent activities of daily living. This test evaluates upper limb function in individuals with motor deficits. In addition to measuring time and functional level, this

2731-IJBCS-Article-Pivot Amour Sachi

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

vers le lac par les eaux de ruissellement. 29,64% des personnes enquêtées convoyaient des produits pétroliers à travers le lac et avaient souligné que ces produits pouvaient se déverser dans le lac lors du transport. Formation sur les règles d'hygiène. Parmi les personnes enquêtées, seuls. 43,21% avaient reçu une ...

Manifestations stomatologiques liees au VIH a Lome | Bissa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objectif: décrire les caractéristiques épidémiologiques et cliniques des manifestations stomatologiques des personnes infectées par le VIH dans un centre de prise en charge à Lomé. Patients et méthode: Il s'est agi d'une étude transversale descriptive réalisée sur une période de 6 mois portant sur 100 personnes infectées ...

The role of the Gosatomnadzor of Russia in national regulating of safety of radiation sources and security of radioactive materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mikhailov, M.V.; Sitnikov, S.A.

2001-01-01

As at the end of 1999, the Gosatomnadzor of Russia supervised 6551 radiation sources, including 1285 unsealed sources with individual activity from a minimal level to 1x10 12 Bq and a total activity of 585x10 12 Bq, and also 5266 sealed sources with individual activity from 30 to 1x10 17 Bq and the total activity of more than 11x10 17 Bq. A national infrastructure has been created in the Russian Federation in order to regulate the safety of nuclear energy use. The infrastructure includes the legal system and the regulatory authorities based on and acting according to it. The regulation of radiation safety, including assurance of radiation source safety and radioactive material security (management of disused sources, planning, preparedness and response to abnormal events and emergencies, recovery of control over orphan sources, informing users and others who might be affected by lost source, and education and training in the safety of radiation sources and the security of radioactive materials), is realized within this infrastructure. The legal system includes federal laws ('On the Use of Nuclear Energy' and 'On Public Radiation Safety'), a number of decrees and resolutions of the President and the Government of the Russian Federation, federal standards and rules for nuclear energy use, and also departmental and industrial manuals and rules, State standards, construction standards and rules and other documents. The safety regulation tasks have been defined by these laws, according to which regulatory authorities are entrusted with the development, approval and putting into force of standards and rules in the nuclear energy use, with issuing licenses for carrying out nuclear activities, with safety supervision assurance, with review and inspection implementation, with control over development and realization of protective measures for workers, population and environment in emergencies at nuclear and radiation hazardous facilities. Russian national regulatory

Si no. 43 of 1991 - European Communities (ionizing radiation) regulations, 1991

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1991-01-01

These Regulations entered into force on 5 April 1991 and repeal the Factories Ionizing Radiations (Sealed Sources) Regulations, 1972 and the Factories Ionizing Radiations (Unsealed Sources) Regulations, 1972. They were made in implementation of the European Communities' Council Directive 80/836 Euratom of 15 July 1980, as amended by Council Directive 84/467 Euratom of 3 September 1984, laying down the basic safety standards for the health protection of the general public and workers against the dangers of ionizing radiation. They also complement the Nuclear Energy (General Control of Fissile Fuels, Radioactive Substances and Irradiation Apparatus) Order, 1977 with regard to licensing requirements. They apply to the production, processing, handling, use, transport, storage, etc. of natural and artificial radioactive substances and to any other activity which involves a hazard arising from ionizing radiation. (NEA) [fr

National system for regulatory body in the developing countries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Othman, I.

2001-01-01

The status of radiation protection infrastructures varies from one region to another, and from one country to another in the same region. Some countries are very well advanced, others at an intermediate level, and others way behind. The Syrian Arab Republic is one of the countries using radiation generating machines, and sealed and unsealed radionuclide sources. The Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS) has the direct responsibility of assuring proper safety for handling such sources on the basis of a solid regulatory infrastructure and conforming with the international standards. The AECS was approached by the IAEA to assist other countries in the area participating in the interregional Model Project on Upgrading Radiation Safety and Radiation Safety and Waste Management Infrastructure by providing them with the available facilities and experience in radiation safety. (author)

Improved material specifications for unsealed roads

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Paige-Green, P

2007-01-01

Full Text Available countries in the southern African region. However, American Standard Test Methods (ASTM), the test methods used in other countries are often based upon the British Standard (BS) methods. The inherent differences in these test methods need to be taken...

Coal-tar pavement sealants might substantially increase children's PAH exposures

Science.gov (United States)

Williams, E. Spencer; Mahler, Barbara J.; Van Metre, Peter C.

2012-01-01

Dietary ingestion has been identified repeatedly as the primary route of human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), seven of which are classified as probable human carcinogens (B2 PAHs) by the U.S. EPA. Humans are exposed to PAHs through ingestion of cooked and uncooked foods, incidental ingestion of soil and dust, inhalation of ambient air, and absorption through skin. Although PAH sources are ubiquitous in the environment, one recently identified PAH source stands out: Coal-tar-based pavement sealant—a product applied to many parking lots, driveways, and even playgrounds primarily in the central, southern, and eastern U.S.—has PAH concentrations 100–1000 times greater than most other PAH sources. It was reported recently that PAH concentrations in house dust in residences adjacent to parking lots with coal-tar-based sealant were 25 times higher than in residences adjacent to unsealed asphalt parking lots.

Intercalibration of in vivo counting systems using an Asian phantom results of a co-ordinated research project 1996-1998

CERN Document Server

International Atomic Energ Agency. Vienna

2003-01-01

Radioactive materials are used in many industries, and, whenever unsealed radioactive sources are present, intakes of radionuclides by workers can occur. Adequate radiation protection of workers is an essential requirement for the safe and acceptable use of radiation, radioactive materials and nuclear energy. Guidance on the application of the requirements of the International Basis Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (BSS) to occupational protection is given in three interrelated Safety Guides: Occupational Radiation Protection (RS-G-1.1); Assessment of Occupational Exposure due to Intakes of Radionuclides (RS-G-1.2); Assessment of Occupational Exposure due to External Sources of Radiation (RS-G-1.3) published in 1999 and further guidance is given in Safety Reports. Uranium, thorium and transuranic elements such as plutonium and americium are encountered throughout the nuclear fuel cycle and in industry. Radionuclides of these elements have a sig...

Nuclear medicine. The management of patients coming out of a nuclear medicine department - Radiation protection sheet ED 4242

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2006-03-01

This sheet aims at providing elements for the preparation of the management of a patient by a department or unit other than a nuclear medicine department after this patient has been submitted to an examination or treatment involving the use of radionuclides in unsealed sources, as this exposure may result in an internal or external exposure risk for the personnel, other persons and relatives. It briefly describes the modalities of performance of nuclear medicine act, the modalities of information of patients and of their relatives, indicates instructions to departments hosting the patient (instruction regarding the patient and wastes), and instructions for pregnant or breast feeding women

A Critical Approach to Teaching About, Through, and For Human Rights

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jerome Cranston

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the findings from a collaborative inquiry research study that explored instructors’ perspectives and students’ perceptions of an innovative ten-day graduate level human rights education course for educators. The course was the result of a partnership between the Faculty of Education at the University of Manitoba and the Canadian Museum for Human Rights. The purpose of the course was to encourage students to critically examine human rights; specifically, whose human rights stories get told, how they get told, and by whom. The findings suggest that while there were worthwhile insights gained when considering on teaching about, through, and for human rights, there were also significant challenges that can inform other courses that encourage students to adopt a critical stance with topics, like human rights, that seem unassailable. Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche menée en collaboration dont l’objectif était d’explorer les perspectives des instructeurs et les perceptions des étudiants concernant un cours de cycle supérieur de dix jours pour éducateurs sur les droits de la personne. Le cours était le résultat d’un partenariat entre la Faculté d’éducation de l’Université du Manitoba et le Musée canadien pour les droits de la personne. L’objectif du cours était d’encourager les étudiants à examiner les droits de la personne de façon critique, en particulier les récits concernant les droits de la personne qui sont racontés, la manière dont ils sont racontés et par qui. Les résultats suggèrent que, bien que le cours ait permis d’acquérir des connaissances utiles qui peuvent être enseignées sur les droits de la personne et pour ces droits, il a également permis de mettre à jour des défis importants qui pourraient s’appliquer à d’autres cours dans lesquels on encourage les étudiants à adopter un point de vue critique sur des sujets tels que les droits de la

Le succès est relatif — Wara Alderete | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

26 janv. 2011 ... Les groupes de défense des droits de la personne estiment maintenant que jusqu'à 30 000 personnes – dont plus de 20 % étaient des étudiants – ont pu être torturées et tuées au cours de la « sale guerre ». « Ce furent des persécutions massives. Le chaos s'est installé, se rappelle Wara. Ma sécurité était ...

Profil épidémiologique de l'infection à VIH au cours d'une campagne de sensibilisation à Yaoundé au Cameroun

Science.gov (United States)

Mbopi-Keou, Francois-Xavier; Nguefack-Tsague, Georges; Kalla, Ginette Claude Mireille; Viche, Lade; Noubom, Michel

2013-01-01

Introduction L'objectif de ce travail était de déterminer le profil épidémiologique de l'infection à VIH/SIDA au cours d'une campagne de sensibilisation à Yaoundé au Cameroun. Méthodes Après avoir obtenu le consentement éclairé des participants, le dépistage de l'infection par le VIH a été effectué selon l'algorithme de dépistage en série de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS). En outre, un questionnaire socio-comportemental a été proposé à chaque participant. Résultats Au total, 911 personnes ont été dépistées. La prévalence de l'infection par le VIH était de 2.6%. Elle était 3 fois plus élevée parmi les femmes (RC = 3.22, IC (1.26 - 8.18). Les prévalences les plus élevées ont été observées chez les personnes de plus de 45 ans (p = 0.01), les personnes sans emploi (p VIH en ciblant davantage des groupes particuliers tels que les élèves, les personnes âgées et les veufs/veuves, tout en recherchant les facteurs pouvant favoriser la propagation de l'infection dans ces groupes. PMID:24255725

Laboratory evaluation of the particle size effect on the performance of an elastomeric half-mask respirator against ultrafine combustion particles.

Science.gov (United States)

He, Xinjian; Grinshpun, Sergey A; Reponen, Tiina; Yermakov, Michael; McKay, Roy; Haruta, Hiroki; Kimura, Kazushi

2013-08-01

This study quantified the particle size effect on the performance of elastomeric half-mask respirators, which are widely used by firefighters and first responders exposed to combustion aerosols. One type of elastomeric half-mask respirator equipped with two P-100 filters was donned on a breathing manikin while challenged with three combustion aerosols (originated by burning wood, paper, and plastic). Testing was conducted with respirators that were fully sealed, partially sealed (nose area only), or unsealed to the face of a breathing manikin to simulate different faceseal leakages. Three cyclic flows with mean inspiratory flow (MIF) rates of 30, 85, and 135 L/min were tested for each combination of sealing condition and combustion material. Additional testing was performed with plastic combustion particles at other cyclic and constant flows. Particle penetration was determined by measuring particle number concentrations inside and outside the respirator with size ranges from 20 to 200 nm. Breathing flow rate, particle size, and combustion material all had significant effects on the performance of the respirator. For the partially sealed and unsealed respirators, the penetration through the faceseal leakage reached maximum at particle sizes >100 nm when challenged with plastic aerosol, whereas no clear peaks were observed for wood and paper aerosols. The particles aerosolized by burning plastic penetrated more readily into the unsealed half-mask than those aerosolized by the combustion of wood and paper. The difference may be attributed to the fact that plastic combustion particles differ from wood and paper particles by physical characteristics such as charge, shape, and density. For the partially sealed respirator, the highest penetration values were obtained at MIF = 85 L/min. The unsealed respirator had approximately 10-fold greater penetration than the one partially sealed around the bridge of the nose, which indicates that the nose area was the primary leak

Doses in radiation accidents investigated by chromosome aberration analysis XVI: A review of cases investigated, 1985

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lloyd, D.C.; Edwards, A.A.; Prosser, J.S.; Moquet, J.E.; Finnon, P.

1986-04-01

During 1985, 28 cases of suspected overexposure to ionising radiation were referred to NRPB for investigation by cytogenetic analysis, and the results are presented in this report. Of the 28 cases, 17 were associated with industrial radiography, 9 from major nuclear organisations and 2 from research, education and health institutions. In 20 cases, no biological indication of overexposure was found. The remaining 8 cases all arose from industrial uses of radiation. The highest overexposure to a sealed source in 1985 ws about 0.4 Gy from an 192 Ir source that became detached from its winding mechanism. Two serious incidents involving unsealed sources are also described; an accidental ingestion of 125 I, for which cytogenetic analysis is of limited relevance, and an inhalation of droplets of tritiated water. The latter also produced a committed dose equivalent of about 0.4 Sv, the estimates from cytogenetic analysis and urine analysis being in good agreement. (author)

La clinique parapsychologique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Evrard Renaud

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Les deux dernières décennies ont vu naître une discipline nouvelle: l’accueil et le soutien psychologique des personnes vivant des expériences exceptionnelles. Avoir l’impression de vivre dans une maison hantée, témoigner de l’apparition d’un OVNI, se questionner sur les possibilités d’influences télépathiques ou encore garder pour soi la sensation déréalisante d’une sortie hors-du-corps, tels sont quelques exemples de ce que rapportent ces personnes. L’hétérogénéité de ces plaintes fait qu’on les classe souvent dans la catégorie des «expériences vécues comme paranormales». Si de tels récits sont toujours parvenus aux oreilles des cliniciens, on doit à des travaux récents une restructuration de l’écoute de ces personnes.

Quelle personne!? : naise pilk / Monika Salu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Salu, Monika

2006-01-01

Tallinna Ülikooli kantsler, OÜ Inotex grupp juht ja omanik, Eesti Mittetulundusühingute ja Sihtasutuste Liidu nõukogu liige, Tallinna Nõmme Gümnaasiumi hoolekogu liige, majandusteaduste doktor, kolme tütre ema, naine ja tütar Monika Salu naise rollidest

Determination of contamination operational value by routine monitoring in research laboratories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salomao, Edeilson; Medeiros, Regina Bitelli; Mattos, Maria Fernanda S.S.; Daros, Kellen Adriana Curci

2008-01-01

The radioisotopes have a large spectrum of applicability in many areas of science, as in medicine, agriculture and industry in general. In the biological area, the radioisotopes have brought many benefits to study physiological processes in living organisms and in vitro. The most radioisotopes used in biological research are emitters of radiation of low energy, mainly β, and are used as unsealed sources. The manipulation of these radioisotopes generates radioactive wastes and eventually can cause contamination in the areas of handling or even occasionally in areas to which access is not controlled. According to CNEN-NE-3.02 standard is necessary and mandatory the exposure and contamination levels control in the areas of handling of unsealed sources. The goal of the work is to establish how often the monitoring should be done through the survey of the contamination and exposure levels, in areas designed to manipulate 32 P and how this monitoring can contribute to the improvement the conditions of radiological protection. From the twenty eight research laboratories registered by 'Nucleo de Protecao Radiologica' (NPR) were selected four where the activities are not restrict to 32 P biological assays. The levels of contamination and exposure were evaluated using monitors GM and the layout of laboratories containing the points to be tracker defined based on the researchers' routine. At each point three values were obtained to measure the rate of contamination on the surface and exposure rate. The measures were made twice a week before and after the radioisotope manipulation. Based on these data was possible to establish the range from 0,306 to 0,678 Bq.cm -2 as operational average level to the superficial contamination. The average exposure rate measured was 5.16 n C/Kg.h. The results were important to demonstrating to researchers how they can contribute to the improvement of radiological protection conditions. (author)

Second meeting of competent persons in radiation protection; Deuxiemes rencontres des personnes competentes en radioprotection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

This conference treats the subjects interesting the competent persons in radiation protection. It is divided in four sessions. The first one concerns the regulatory bases for the action of competent persons and includes three articles, the second one is about the operational dosimetry and includes six articles, the third session is devoted to the sources and waste management and represents two texts, the last and fourth session concerns the competent person in radiation protection and gives evidence. (N.C.)

Radiation security regulation. 1st revision

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1984-01-01

Established are allowable maximum levels for personnel occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation in the ININ and for the public, in accordance with the international standards; defined are categories of radiation facilities, requirements and operating conditions that must be met. Demarcated are the kinds of placards to be posted in controlled and restricted areas and the signs, symbols and tags to be used, defined and established is environmental dosimetric and medical radiation monitoring. Regulated are methods for handling sealed and unsealed sources of radiation, work clothes, closing of radiation installations, storage, transfer and transport of radioactive material; classified are types of possible radiation accidents, action to be taken upon the occurrence and subsequent clean up. (corporate author)

Control of everyday contamination problems in a hot cell laboratory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buch, R.

1983-01-01

For handling unsealed radioactive materials, contamination monitoring and the application of appropriate methods for the prevention of contamination are essential measures to achieve radiation protection safety at the working place and during operation. It is essential to know which are the contamination sources and which circumstances may lead to contamination release and diffusion. Depending on the kind of contamination and the extent of the resulting radiation exposure, suitable easy-to-use measuring equipment is necessary. The lecture shows how contamination release can be limited or prevented, and detected in due time by the use of appropriate measuring instruments, so that contaminations and the ways of decontaminating do not necessarily cause increased dose rates. (orig.) [de

Radiation protection - radionuclides - Synthesis sheets: Thorium-232 (ED 4317), Gallium-67 (ED 4314), Indium-111 (ED 4315), Chromium-51 (ED 4313), Thallium-201 (ED 4312), Phosphorus-33 (ED 4316), Fluorine- 18 (ED 4311), Yttrium-90 (ED 4310), Americium-241 (ED 4308), Strontium-90 (ED 4309), Sulfur-35 (ED 4307), Iodine-125 (ED 4306), Phosphorus-32 (ED 4305), Iodine-123 (ED 4304), Tritium (ED 4303), Carbon-14 (ED 4302), Technetium-99m (ED 4301), Iodine-131 (ED 4300)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deligne, Jean-Michel; Sert, Gilles; Rannou, Alain; Vidal, Jean-Pierre; Aubert, Bernard; Despres, Alain; Donadille, Laurent; Biau, Alain; Pihet, Pascal; Vial, Eric; Gambini, Denis-Jean; Gauron, Christine; Servent, Jean-Pierre; Moureaux, Patrick; Girod, Michel; Ammerich, Marc; Herbelet, Gilbert; Lahaye, Thierry; Le Dirac'h, Bertrand; Le Guen, Bernard; Manin, Jean-Pierre; Roussille, Francoise; Frot, Patricia

2013-12-01

For each radionuclide, this document presents its characteristics (origin, radio-physical properties, biological properties), gives an overview of its uses, indicates and discusses its dosimetric parameters (for internal or external exposure), indicates radiation detection and contamination measurement techniques, gives an overview of means of protection (for premises, against external or internal exposure), describes the delimitation and control of premises, describes aspects related to personnel classification, training and medical monitoring, comments the issue of effluents and wastes, indicates administrative procedures related to the authorization and declaration of possession and use of sealed and unsealed sources, addresses the issue of transport, and describes what is to be done in case of incident or accident

Development of in vitro bioanalysis technique for individual monitoring of {sup 32}P; Desenvolvimento de técnicas de bioanálise in vitro para monitoração individual de {sup 32}P

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Almeida, Ana Paula F. de; Dantas, Bernardo M.; Sousa, Wanderson O., E-mail: bmdantas@ird.gov.br [Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria /Divisão de Dosimetria, Rio de Janeiro-RJ (Brazil)

2017-07-01

{sup 32}P is usually handled in the form of liquid unsealed sources in medical facilities, in research and teaching institutions, and in industrial radiopharmaceutical production plants. Such practices represent a risk of internal exposure in routine activities and in case of accidents. The estimation of {sup 32}P incorporation can be accomplished through in vitro bioassay. This paper presents a methodology to analyze {sup 32}P in biological samples, applicable to internal individual monitoring using liquid scintillation technique. Based on the experimental results it is possible to conclude that the technique presents enough sensitivity to detect activities that result in committed effective dose in the order of 1 mSv. (author)

Non-fuel cycle radioactive waste policy in Turkey

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Izmir, A.I.; Uslu, I.

2001-01-01

Full text: Introduction. Radioactive wastes generated in Turkey are mostly low level radioactive waste generated from the operation of one research reactor, research centers and universities, hospitals, and from radiological application of various industries. It involves both short-lived and long lived radionuclides. In general, this includes radioactive materials, which are no longer useful and have their origin from practice or intervention both with unsealed and sealed sources. Radioactive Waste Management in Turkey. Utilisation of radioactive materials in Turkey requires special authorisations and falls under legal rules, in particular under the Radiation Safety Regulation of 24th March 2000 (Official Gazette number: 20983) outlining a general regulation for the protection of the population and workers against the danger of ionising radiation and subsequent amendments. There is also a requirement enforced by the Regulations for Radioactive Wastes Exempt from Regulatory Authority Control (published on 15 January 2000, Official Gazette number: 23934) that identifies the limits and other conditions for the discharges of radioactive substances to the environment. Radioactive waste is generally understood as material for which no further use is foreseen, and which has been managed in a system of reporting, authorisation and control as specified in International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) recommendations or national legislation. In this paper radioactive waste is considered in two categories: as originated from unsealed sources or from sealed sources. a) Management of Unsealed Sources. Unsealed radionuclides are utilised in human medicine for in vivo diagnosis, metabolic therapy and in vitro biological analysis. The most common types of radionuclides used in Turkey are C-14, Co-57, Cr-51, Fe-59, Ga-67, H-3, I-123, I-125, I-131, In-111, Mo-99, P-32, P-33, Re-186, S-35, Sr-89, Sr-90, Tc-99, Tl-201, Xe-133, Y-90 which are import of radiopharmaceuticals to Turkey in

Les deux paramètres de base de la transmission

OpenAIRE

2013-01-01

La dynamique de la transmission de personne à personne qui inclut donc la transmission vectorielle peut être résumée par deux principaux paramètres : le taux de reproduction et l’intervalle sériel ou intergénérationnel (Anderson, May, 1991). 1. Le taux de reproduction Le taux de reproduction de base (R0 : nombre moyen de cas secondaires résultant, au sein d’une population susceptible et au niveau de laquelle aucune mesure de lutte n’est appliquée, du contact avec un sujet infectieux). Pour de...

Les temps de la vieillesse au Sénégal : le malentendu intergénérationnel

OpenAIRE

Gning, Sadio-Ba

2014-01-01

L’efficacité de la prise en charge des personnes âgées semble être remise en cause par le malentendu qui existe entre les enfants et les parents sur la façon de gérer la vieillesse. Ce malentendu semble traduire un décalage temporel entre les enfants qui pensent bien s’occuper de leurs parents en les accueillant chez eux – tandis que ceux-ci entendent rester dans leur sociabilité habituelle. L’accès aux soins, l’occupation professionnelle et la situation résidentielle des personnes âgées sont...

Non disponible / Not available

OpenAIRE

Frédéric , Pitetti

2004-01-01

Non disponible / Not available; L'article R5015-G du Code de déontologie impose au pharmacien de « faire preuve du même dévouement envers toutes les personnes qui ont recours à son art». Par conséquent, les pharmaciens doivent être capables de s'adapter et de trou ver des solutions pour communiquer avec les personnes étrangères, illettrées, aveugles ou sourdes . Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à la relation de communication entre le pharmacien et le sourd profond .Dans la partie bibli...

Enquêtes populationnelles sur la victimisation et la délinquance chez les jeunes dans les cantons de Vaud et Zurich : Les jeunes non-exclusivement hétérosexuel∙le∙s : populations davantage exposées ?

OpenAIRE

Lucia, S.; Stadelmann, S.; Amiguet, M.; Ribeaud, D.; Bize, R.

2017-01-01

Les personnes lesbiennes, gays, bisexuelles et transgenres (LGBT) sont nombreuses à être Les personnes lesbiennes, gays, bisexuelles et transgenres (LGBT) sont nombreuses à être confrontées à des violences psychologiques, verbales et/ou physiques. En effet, les jeunes faisantpartie de minorités sexuelles sont plus fréquemment victimisé·e·s à l’école que leurs pair·e·s. Ils·Elles sont par exemple plus nombreux·euses à avoir été victimes de vols ou à avoir eu leurs affaires cassées et sont é...

Radiation protection in nuclear medicine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Volodin, V; Hanson, G P

1993-12-31

The goal of this Chapter is to give a general outline of the essential principles and procedures for radiation protection in a nuclear medicine department where radionuclides are used for diagnosis and therapy. More detailed recommendations regarding radiation protection in nuclear medicine are given in the publications of the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP, publications 25, 57, 60) and in ILO/IAEA/WHO Manual on Radiation Protection in Hospitals and General Practice (Volume 2: Unsealed Sources, WHO, Geneva, 1975), on which this Chapter is based. This chapter is not intended to replace the above-mentioned international recommendations on radiation protection, as well as existing national regulations on this subject, but intended only to provide guidance for implementing these recommendations in clinical practice

Guidance notes for the protection of persons against ionising radiations arising from medical and dental use

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1988-01-01

Guidance notes have been prepared by the NRPB, the Health Departments and the Health and Safety Executive for the protection of all persons against ionising radiations arising from medical and dental use. The guidance notes are a guide to good radiation protection practice consistent with regulatory requirements. The areas covered include medical and dental radiology, diagnostic X-ray equipment for medical and dental radiography, beam therapy and remotely controlled after-loading, brachytherapy, diagnostic and therapeutic uses of unsealed radioactive substances, diagnostic uses of sealed or other solid radioactive sources, patients leaving hospital after administration of radioactive substances, precautions after death of a patient whom radioactive substances have been administered, storage and movement of radioactive substances, disposal of radioactive waste and contingency planning and emergency procedures. (U.K.)

Radiation protection in nuclear medicine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volodin, V.; Hanson, G.P.

1992-01-01

The goal of this Chapter is to give a general outline of the essential principles and procedures for radiation protection in a nuclear medicine department where radionuclides are used for diagnosis and therapy. More detailed recommendations regarding radiation protection in nuclear medicine are given in the publications of the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP, publications 25, 57, 60) and in ILO/IAEA/WHO Manual on Radiation Protection in Hospitals and General Practice (Volume 2: Unsealed Sources, WHO, Geneva, 1975), on which this Chapter is based. This chapter is not intended to replace the above-mentioned international recommendations on radiation protection, as well as existing national regulations on this subject, but intended only to provide guidance for implementing these recommendations in clinical practice

Occupational radiation exposures in research laboratories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vaccari, S.; Papotti, E.; Pedrazzi, G.

2006-01-01

Radioactive sources are widely used in many research activities at University centers. In particular, the activities concerning use of sealed form ( 57 Co in Moessbauer application) and unsealed form ( 3 H, 14 C, 32 P in radioisotope laboratories) are analyzed. The radiological impact of these materials and potential effective doses to researchers and members of the public were evaluated to show compliance with regulatory limits. A review of the procedures performed by researchers and technicians in the research laboratories with the relative dose evaluations is presented in different situations, including normal operations and emergency situations, for example the fire. A study of the possible exposure to radiation by workers, restricted groups of people, and public in general, as well as environmental releases, is presented. (authors)

Application of Lab View Software for Thinning Measurement of Steel Pipe Sample by Using Gamma Ray Techniques

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wibisono; Sugiharto

2004-01-01

The computer program, namely scaling pipe has been constructed to support the work of radiation monitoring either utilizing of sealed or unsealed source as well. The paper describes the performance of that computer program which is able to display numerical data coming from rate-meter to become graphical data and its ability to store data in form of software file with text format. The stored file can be performed by other software therefore the data can be calculated and analyzed. This computer program has been applied to measure the thickness of steel pipe with diameter of 3 inch which is machined with the different of 0.1 mm for each 50 mm length of the pipe. In this research the gamma radiation originated from 200 mCi of 241 Am source has been passed through the center of the pipe and the dose rate at the opposite of the source is measured. The attenuation coefficient calculated from that measurement is 0.0944 mm -1 with the deviation factor of 44 cps/mm. (author)

Natural Attenuation of the Persistent Chemical Warfare Agent ...

Science.gov (United States)

Report This project studied the influence of temperature on the natural attenuation of VX from five types of porous/permeable materials: unsealed concrete, plywood, rubber escalator handrail, high density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic, and acoustic ceiling tile.

Dose estimate for effective internal contamination in the occupationally exposed workers(OEW) that handling open sources for thyroid therapy using 131 I (3779)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lecuna, J.A.; Carrizales, L.I.; Dantas, B.M.

2013-01-01

Handling of a variety of unsealed sources in Nuclear Medicine has led a significant risk of internal exposure of workers. 131 I stands out among the radionuclides of frequent use due its wide application in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases. The increasing radionuclide use for medical purposes and treatment of diseases creates a need for capable methodologies of controlling the internal contamination of work. Currently, in Venezuela, there are about 17 Nuclear Medicine Services between public and private, of which 5 are operating; however, individual monitoring is still limited in the control of internal exposure. This work presents the development of bioassay techniques 'in vivo', in order to quantify the incorporation of 131 I used in Nuclear Medicine. It also presents the research results of internal exposure of a group of workers involved in handling of therapeutic dose of 131 I . The 'in vivo' detection system was calibrated with the thyroid simulator developed at the Institute of Radiologic Protection and Dosimetry (IRD, Rio de Janeiro - Brazil) and which also has the UTN-IVIC (Caracas - Venezuela). The results showed that the bioassay method developed in this work has sufficient sensitivity for its use in routine intake survey of workers in Nuclear Medicine. Between the two workers controlled in this study, both had measurable results in terms of incorporation. Therefore, it is important to keep control of it and also gives us the possibility to evaluate the incorporations in suspected accident. The highest estimate of the effective dose was 1,28x10 -5 Sv by inhalation and 1,27x10 -5 Sv by ingestion

Radioactive standards and calibration methods for contamination monitoring instruments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshida, Makoto [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan). Tokai Research Establishment

1997-06-01

Contamination monitoring in the facilities for handling unsealed radioactive materials is one of the most important procedures for radiation protection as well as radiation dose monitoring. For implementation of the proper contamination monitoring, radiation measuring instruments should not only be suitable to the purpose of monitoring, but also be well calibrated for the objective qualities of measurement. In the calibration of contamination monitoring instruments, quality reference activities need to be used. They are supplied in different such as extended sources, radioactive solutions or radioactive gases. These reference activities must be traceable to the national standards or equivalent standards. On the other hand, the appropriate calibration methods must be applied for each type of contamination monitoring instruments. In this paper, the concepts of calibration for contamination monitoring instruments, reference sources, determination methods of reference quantities and practical calibration methods of contamination monitoring instruments, including the procedures carried out in Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute and some relevant experimental data. (G.K.)

Radiological surveillance in the nuclear fuel fabrication in Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garcia A, J.; Reynoso V, R.; Delgado A, G.

1996-01-01

The objective of this report is to present the obtained results related to the application of the radiological safety programme established at the Nuclear Fuel Fabrication Pilot Plant (NFFPF) in Mexico, such as: surveillance methods, radiological protection criteria and regulations, radiation control and records and the application of ALARA recommendation. During the starting period from April 1994 to April 1995, at the NFFPF were made two nuclear fuel bundles a Dummy and other to be burned up in a BWR the mainly process activities are: UO 2 powder receiving, powder pressing for the pellets formation, pellets grinding, cleaning and drying, loading into a rod, Quality Control testing, nuclear fuel bundles assembly. The NFFPF is divided into an unsealed source area (pellets manufacturing plant) and into a sealed source area (rods fabrication plant). The control followed have helped to detect failures and to improve the safety programme and operation. (authors). 1 ref., 3 figs

Facteurs influençant l'initiation au traitement antirétroviral des personnes vivant avec le VIH dans les Centres de Traitement Agréés de Bamenda et de Bertoua au Cameroun

Science.gov (United States)

Mbopi-Keou, Francois-Xavier; Voundi, Esther Voundi; Kalla, Ginette Claude Mireille; Emah, Irène; Angwafo, Fru; Muna, Walinjom

2014-01-01

Introduction L'objectif de ce travail était de déterminer les facteurs influençant l'initiation au traitement antirétroviral des personnes vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH) dans les centres de traitements agrées (CTA) de Bamenda et de Bertoua au Cameroun. Méthodes Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale, analytique réalisée de Janvier à Avril 2011, dans les CTA de Bamenda et de Bertoua. Pour cette étude, nous avons obtenu une clairance éthique. Résultats Nous avons étudiés 460 dossiers de patients séropositifs en phase d'initiation au traitement antirétroviral dans les CTA de Bamenda et de Bertoua, 53,9% et 46,1% respectivement. L ‘âge médian était de 36 ans. La plupart des séropositifs à Bertoua (41) avaient fait un dépistage volontaire du VIH par rapport à ceux de Bamenda (22) (p= 0.008). Il y ‘avait plus de VIH de type 1 et 2 dans le CTA de Bamenda (15) par rapport à Bertoua (3) (p= 0.011). La majorité des patients était classé au stade clinique II à Bamenda (54,0%) tandis qu ‘à Bertoua le stade clinique III était prédominant (52,4%) (p = 0,000). Le taux médian de CD4 était de 133 cellules/mm3 dans le CTA de Bamenda et de 175 cellules/mm3 à Bertoua (p = 0,008). La Zidovudine était plus prescrit à Bamenda et le Ténofovir à Bertoua (p = 0,000). L ‘Efavirenz était plus prescrit à Bertoua tandis que la Névirapine l ‘était plus à Bamenda (p = 0,000). Le Lopinavir/r était plus prescrit à Bamenda qu ‘à Bertoua (p = 0,017). Conclusion Il apparait urgent de standardiser la prise en charge des PVVIH dans les CTA du Cameroun. PMID:25184023

Imam et Mahdi : Ibn Abî Mahallî

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mercedes García-Arenal

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Ibn Abî Mahallî (m. 1613 est le dernier mahdi maghrébin à avoir pris le pouvoir. Je fais usage dans cet article, de trois types de sources : les œuvres d'Ibn Abî Mahallî lui-même, les sources arabes contemporaines et postérieures, soutenant toujours le pouvoir dynastique régnant et, troisièmement, les documents d'archive européens écrits par des observateurs et des voyageurs contemporains. Cette variété de sources permet de tracer le spectre qui va depuis les attentes et les croyances populaires des adeptes, jusqu'à la personne et à l'élaboration doctrinale d'Ibn Abî Mahallî. J'ai donc tenté de percevoir quelles parties ou aspects d'une pensée individuelle arrivent à acquérir, et de quelle manière, une légitimité publique, en se transformant en même temps.

Zooplankton of the lagoons of the Laccadives: diel patterns and emergence

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Madhupratap, M.; Achuthankutty, C.T.; Nair

, were responsible for this. Unsealed traps were found subject to contamination and hence less reliable in estimating densities of emerging fauna compared with sealed traps. Direct sampling of the substratum during daytime showed that the actual densities...

TRANSNATIONAL JUDICIAL AND NON-JUDICIAL REMEDIES FOR CORPORATE HUMAN RIGHTS HARMS: CHALLENGES OF AND FOR LAW

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sara L Seck

2013-02-01

Le présent document examinera si l’approche polycentrique en matière de gouvernance adoptée par les Principes directeurs relatifs aux entreprises et aux droits de l’homme, publiés par les Nations Unies en 2011, peut permettre de réaliser l’objectif de la conformité transnationale des entreprises aux responsabilités en matière de droits de la personne, notamment et surtout l’objectif de l’accès aux recours et à la justice pour les parties lésées. Au départ, le document avait été rédigé à titre de contribution à une conférence à l’Université de Windsor intitulée Justice Beyond the State: Transnationalism and Law. Le document se penche tout d’abord sur la compréhension des termes « citoyenneté » et « non-citoyenneté » en ce qui concerne la responsabilité transnationale des entreprises dans le contexte des droits de la personne. Deux perspectives distinctes sont étudiées : premièrement, la citoyenneté et la non-citoyenneté transnationales des entreprises et les droits et responsabilités qui en découlent; deuxièmement, la citoyenneté et la non-citoyenneté des victimes de violations des droits de la personne par rapport aux droits d’accès aux recours. Ensemble, ces perspectives éclairent une compréhension du rôle que le droit transnational et le pluralisme juridique au-delà de l’État pourraient jouer pour faciliter les recours en cas de violation des droits de la personne. En particulier, le document présentera en conclusion des réflexions sur ce qui pourrait être requis pour mettre en œuvre les Principes directeurs des Nations Unies de manière à réaliser l’objectif de la conformité transnationale des entreprises et de l’accès aux recours pour les personnes dont les droits ont été violés

Liste des personnes citées1

OpenAIRE

2013-01-01

AAHOA Asian American Hotel Owner Association ABCD American Born Confused Desi AFMI American Association of Muslims from India AIC American Islamic College AIM Association of Indian Muslims AMASES American Muslim Alliance Social and Family Services AMC American Muslim Council AMM American Muslim Mission AMSE Association of Muslim Scientists and Engineers AMSS American Muslim Social Scientists BCCI Bank of Credit and Commerce International BJP Bharatiya Janata Party CAIR Council on American-Isl...

11 (p. 230)

OpenAIRE

2016-01-01

Selon Lafitau, après que les parents ont lavé et graissé le corps du mort, peint son visage et sa tête et, dans le cas des chefs ou des personnes plus « considérables », pratiqué une forme d’embaumement (Mœurs, t. IV, p. 103-105), une « Matrone [...] entonne la première le bransle, que toute les autres femmes suivent, en gardant la même mesure, mais y appliquant différentes paroles qui conviennent à chaque personne, selon les différens rapports de parenté ou d’affinité qu’elles ont avec le mo...

Reconnaissance automatique de la parole distante dans un habitat intelligent : méthodes multi-sources en conditions réalistes (Distant Speech Recognition in a Smart Home : Comparison of Several Multisource ASRs in Realistic Conditions) [in French

OpenAIRE

Lecouteux , Benjamin; Vacher , Michel; Portet , François

2012-01-01

International audience; Le domaine des maisons intelligentes s'est développé dans le but d'améliorer l'assistance aux personnes en perte d'autonomie. La reconnaissance automatique de la parole (RAP) commence à être utilisée, mais reste en retrait par rapport à d'autres technologies. Nous présentons le projet Sweet-Home ayant pour objectif le contrôle de l'environnement domestique par la voix. Plusieurs approches, état de l'art et nouvelles, sont évaluées sur des données enregistrées en condit...

Safety with isotopes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1959-04-15

There is a need for a brief and simple code of practice or at least a general guide for the safe handling of radioactive substances. It is with this awareness that IAEA setup a panel of thirteen scientists from ten countries to go into the question and formulate an agreed set of do's and dont's for radiation workers and others concerned. Their recommendations were recently published in the form of a handy manual called 'Safe Handling of Radioisotopes'. The recommendations relate not only to the technical and medical but also to the organizational aspects of the problem. Among the general recommendations in this regard are that young persons should not be occupationally exposed to radiation, that women of reproductive age should be given special protection and that X-ray examinations, if necessary, should involve a minimum of exposure. There are various accepted methods to measure individual radiation exposure as well as to determine the levels of radiation in areas of work. For personal monitoring, the preferred device is a film dosimeter to be worn by each worker which would measure the dose of radiation received over a period. The recommendations of the International Commission for Radiological Protection - included in an appendix to the manual - may be accepted as a common basis for relevant measures. A considerable portion of the IAEA manual relates to technical arrangements, operations and practices. Separate recommendations have been made about sealed and unsealed radiation sources. These relate, among other things, to the design of sealed sources, shielding, methods of use, choice of the material when unsealed, design of work areas, protective clothing and control of air contamination. Storage and transportation of radioactive material are dealt with in two separate sections, while a third is devoted to steps to prevent accidents or control accident effects. Decontamination is discussed in detail in yet another section, while the final section discusses the

From the 'PCR' function to the 'PCR' profession; de la fonction 'PCR' au metier 'PCR'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perrin, L. [CERAP, 91 - Gif sur Yvette (France)

2008-07-01

After having recalled the legal context concerning the appointment and training of a radiation protection expert (PCR for 'personne competente en radioprotection'), the author outlines that the PCR's role has notably evolved: his function is now of primary importance in the company and his activity does not correspond to the legal framework any longer. Moreover, with the application of a European directive, some small establishments possessing ionizing radiation sources are disadvantaged, and the PCR is now facing an increasing number of missions and tasks. The author gives a list of them and assesses a needed time of 146 days per year: this means PCRs cannot have an other activity within their company

Alain Bresson, Marie-Paule Masson, Stavros Perentidis, Jérôme Wilgaux, Parenté et société dans le monde grec de l'Antiquité à l’âge moderne

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hervé Guillorel

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Il faut tout d’abord féliciter les Éditions Ausonius et les différentes personnes qui ont supervisé, conçu et mené à bien la publication de ces actes, car il s’agit, sur le plan formel, d’un ouvrage remarquable : qualité de la reliure et du papier, des mises en page (avec des notes en bas de page ce qui évite au lecteur de passer son temps à errer entre la page en cours et la fin de l’ouvrage, choix d’une bibliographie générale et mises au point de plusieurs index (des sources, des lieux et ...

Nuclear Medicine Practice in Kenya

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ndirangu, T.D.

2017-01-01

Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty that relies on the use of nuclear technology in the diagnosis and treatment (therapy) of diseases. Nuclear medicine uses the principle that a certain radiopharmaceutical (tracer) will at a certain point in time have a preferential uptake by a particular body, tissue or cell. This uptake is then imaged by the use of detectors mounted in gamma cameras or PET (positron emission tomography) devices.. Unlike other radiation applications for medical use, nuclear medicine uses open (unsealed) sources of radiation. In a country with an estimated population of 48 million in 2017, Kenya has only two (2) nuclear medicine facilities (units). Being a relatively new medical discipline in Kenya, several measures have been taken by the clinical nuclear medicine team to create awareness at various levels

Natural uranium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammerich, Marc; Frot, Patricia; Gambini, Denis-Jean; Gauron, Christine; Moureaux, Patrick; Herbelet, Gilbert; Lahaye, Thierry; Pihet, Pascal; Rannou, Alain

2014-08-01

This sheet belongs to a collection which relates to the use of radionuclides essentially in unsealed sources. Its goal is to gather on a single document the most relevant information as well as the best prevention practices to be implemented. These sheets are made for the persons in charge of radiation protection: users, radioprotection-skill persons, labor physicians. Each sheet treats of: 1 - the radio-physical and biological properties; 2 - the main uses; 3 - the dosimetric parameters; 4 - the measurement; 5 - the protection means; 6 - the areas delimitation and monitoring; 7 - the personnel classification, training and monitoring; 8 - the effluents and wastes; 9 - the authorization and declaration administrative procedures; 10 - the transport; and 11 - the right conduct to adopt in case of incident or accident. This sheet deals specifically with natural uranium

Plutonium-239

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammerich, Marc; Frot, Patricia; Gambini, Denis-Jean; Gauron, Christine; Moureaux, Patrick; Herbelet, Gilbert; Lahaye, Thierry; Pihet, Pascal; Rannou, Alain

2014-06-01

This sheet belongs to a collection which relates to the use of radionuclides essentially in unsealed sources. Its goal is to gather on a single document the most relevant information as well as the best prevention practices to be implemented. These sheets are made for the persons in charge of radiation protection: users, radioprotection-skill persons, labor physicians. Each sheet treats of: 1 - the radio-physical and biological properties; 2 - the main uses; 3 - the dosimetric parameters; 4 - the measurement; 5 - the protection means; 6 - the areas delimitation and monitoring; 7 - the personnel classification, training and monitoring; 8 - the effluents and wastes; 9 - the authorization and declaration administrative procedures; 10 - the transport; and 11 - the right conduct to adopt in case of incident or accident. This sheet deals specifically with Plutonium-239

Radium-226

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammerich, Marc; Frot, Patricia; Gambini, Denis-Jean; Gauron, Christine; Moureaux, Patrick; Herbelet, Gilbert; Lahaye, Thierry; Pihet, Pascal; Rannou, Alain

2014-03-01

This sheet belongs to a collection which relates to the use of radionuclides essentially in unsealed sources. Its goal is to gather on a single document the most relevant information as well as the best prevention practices to be implemented. These sheets are made for the persons in charge of radiation protection: users, radioprotection-skill persons, labor physicians. Each sheet treats of: 1 - the radio-physical and biological properties; 2 - the main uses; 3 - the dosimetric parameters; 4 - the measurement; 5 - the protection means; 6 - the areas delimitation and monitoring; 7 - the personnel classification, training and monitoring; 8 - the effluents and wastes; 9 - the authorization and declaration administrative procedures; 10 - the transport; and 11 - the right conduct to adopt in case of incident or accident. This sheet deals specifically with Radium-226

Cesium-137

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammerich, Marc; Frot, Patricia; Gambini, Denis-Jean; Gauron, Christine; Moureaux, Patrick; Herbelet, Gilbert; Lahaye, Thierry; Pihet, Pascal; Rannou, Alain

2014-06-01

This sheet belongs to a collection which relates to the use of radionuclides essentially in unsealed sources. Its goal is to gather on a single document the most relevant information as well as the best prevention practices to be implemented. These sheets are made for the persons in charge of radiation protection: users, radioprotection-skill persons, labor physicians. Each sheet treats of: 1 - the radio-physical and biological properties; 2 - the main uses; 3 - the dosimetric parameters; 4 - the measurement; 5 - the protection means; 6 - the areas delimitation and monitoring; 7 - the personnel classification, training and monitoring; 8 - the effluents and wastes; 9 - the authorization and declaration administrative procedures; 10 - the transport; and 11 - the right conduct to adopt in case of incident or accident. This sheet deals specifically with Cesium-137

Thorium-232

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammerich, Marc; Frot, Patricia; Gambini, Denis-Jean; Gauron, Christine; Moureaux, Patrick; Herbelet, Gilbert; Lahaye, Thierry; Pihet, Pascal; Rannou, Alain; Vial, Eric

2013-12-01

This sheet belongs to a collection which relates to the use of radionuclides essentially in unsealed sources. Its goal is to gather on a single document the most relevant information as well as the best prevention practices to be implemented. These sheets are made for the persons in charge of radiation protection: users, radioprotection-skill persons, labor physicians. Each sheet treats of: 1 - the radio-physical and biological properties; 2 - the main uses; 3 - the dosimetric parameters; 4 - the measurement; 5 - the protection means; 6 - the areas delimitation and monitoring; 7 - the personnel classification, training and monitoring; 8 - the effluents and wastes; 9 - the authorization and declaration administrative procedures; 10 - the transport; and 11 - the right conduct to adopt in case of incident or accident. This sheet deals specifically with Thorium-232

Yttrium-90

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammerich, Marc; Frot, Patricia; Gambini, Denis-Jean; Gauron, Christine; Moureaux, Patrick; Herbelet, Gilbert; Lahaye, Thierry; Pihet, Pascal; Rannou, Alain; Vial, Eric

2013-03-01

This sheet belongs to a collection which relates to the use of radionuclides essentially in unsealed sources. Its goal is to gather on a single document the most relevant information as well as the best prevention practices to be implemented. These sheets are made for the persons in charge of radiation protection: users, radioprotection-skill persons, labor physicians. Each sheet treats of: 1 - the radio-physical and biological properties; 2 - the main uses; 3 - the dosimetric parameters; 4 - the measurement; 5 - the protection means; 6 - the areas delimitation and monitoring; 7 - the personnel classification, training and monitoring; 8 - the effluents and wastes; 9 - the authorization and declaration administrative procedures; 10 - the transport; and 11 - the right conduct to adopt in case of incident or accident. This sheet deals specifically with Yttrium-90

Occupational radiation exposures in research laboratories

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vaccari, S.; Papotti, E. [Parma Univ., Health Physics (Italy); Pedrazzi, G. [Parma Univ., Dept. of Public Health (Italy)

2006-07-01

Radioactive sources are widely used in many research activities at University centers. In particular, the activities concerning use of sealed form ({sup 57}Co in Moessbauer application) and unsealed form ({sup 3}H, {sup 14}C, {sup 32}P in radioisotope laboratories) are analyzed. The radiological impact of these materials and potential effective doses to researchers and members of the public were evaluated to show compliance with regulatory limits. A review of the procedures performed by researchers and technicians in the research laboratories with the relative dose evaluations is presented in different situations, including normal operations and emergency situations, for example the fire. A study of the possible exposure to radiation by workers, restricted groups of people, and public in general, as well as environmental releases, is presented. (authors)

Fourth meeting of persons competent in radiation protection; Quatriemes rencontres des personnes competentes en radioprotection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

David, C. [Centre Hospitalier de Belfort-Montbeliard, 90 (France); Vidal, J.P.; Ammerich, M.; Feron, F. [Drection Generale de la Surete Nucleaire et de la Radioprotection, 75 - Paris (France); Pasquier, J.L.; Lecomte, J.F.; Mansoux, H. [Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire, 92 - Clamart (France); Menechal, Ph. [Societe Francaise de Radioprotection, 92 - Fontenay aux Roses (France); Briand-Champlong, J. [Service de protection radiologique (SPRA), 75 - Paris (France); Gambini, D.J. [Paris-5 Univ., 75 (France); Bontemps, A. [CEFRI, 92 - Paris La Defense (France); Frobert, F. [CEA Saclay, Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Grandclaude, A. [Societe Cursive (France); Fraboulet, P. [Groupe Hospitalier la Pitie-Salpetriere, - 75 Paris (France); Laporte, Ch. [FRAMATOME ANP, 92 - Paris-La-Defence (France); Roussille, F. [INSERM, 75 - Paris (France); Lahaye, Th

2005-07-01

The different contributions are as follow: the landscape of radiation sources in France; decrees: general presentation; relation of the person competent in radiation protection (P.C.R.) with officials organisms: the part of the D.G.S.N.R.; relation of the P.C.R. with the official organisms: the part of I.R.S.N.; authorizations: industry, education, research; interlocutors of the P.C.R. in hospitals; enforcement of the decree relative to the training of the P.C.R. at the I.N.S.T.N.; the educational contribution of the P.C.R.; European equivalence of the P.C.R. synthesis of training, comparison to the French situation; P.C.R.: contribution, missions and means in the industrial medium; management of damaged situations by the P.C.R.: contribution of the training and the putting in position; coordination with the exterior companies and prevention plans out of I.N.B.; regulatory evolution. (N.C.)

Applying the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) design method to low volume roads

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Paige-Green, P

2011-07-01

Full Text Available The Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) has been in use since the 1950s for various applications in pavement investigation. During the 1980s, Kleyn and Van Zyl described a method for upgrading unsealed roads to light sealed road standard based...

Residual efficacy of methoprene for control of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae at different temperatures on varnished wood, concrete, and wheat

Science.gov (United States)

The residual efficacy of the juvenile hormone analogue, methoprene (Diacon II), was evaluated in bioassays using larvae of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) exposed on varnished wood or unsealed concrete treated with a liquid formulation and held at different temperatures. When these surfaces were stored...

L'impact de la médiation lors de plaintes en harcèlement quelle relation pour les parties ?

CERN Document Server

Jarvis, Dominique

2015-01-01

Au terme de la médiation de certaines plaintes de harcèlement, la personne à l'origine de la plainte et la personne mise en cause doivent reprendre leur relation de travail. Quelles sont les caractéristiques de cette relation de travail? Quelle perception ont les parties de l'état de leur relation après la médiation? Quels apprentissages peuvent en tirer les médiateurs? Nous vous présenterons une étude sur le sujet réalisée auprès d'employés d'une organisation ayant opté pour un modèle de médiation intégratif.

Souffrance existentielle : de la crise à l’hyperquestionnement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DANIELLE BLONDEAU

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Une étude portant sur l’expérience de la souffrance existentielle a été conduite auprès de personnes atteintes d’une maladie grave. L’un des objectifs visait à explorer ce phénomène à partir d’une approche qualitative qui privilégie l’expérience de personnes atteintes de maladies graves. À l’aide d’entrevues non structurées, 14 personnes ont été rencontrées. L’analyse des résultats a conduit à deux grandes thématiques. La première thématique renvoie à une situation de crise et de bouleversements. Elle se décline en divers effets que provoquent les maladies graves dans l’existence. La seconde thématique est intrinsèque à la première et regroupe des énoncés qui font voir un questionnement excessif qui porte sur plusieurs dimensions de l’existence. Finalement, la souffrance est plutôt comprise comme un passage qu’il faut traverser, comme une quête de connaissances et comme une réalité à habiter et à rendre familière. Elle n’est pas forcément négative.

Airtight storage of wood chips for use as a fuel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lamond, W.J.; Graham, R.; Boyd, J.E.L.; Harling, R.; Lowe, J.F.

1993-11-01

This study was carried out to see if airtight storage was a possible alternative to drying as a procedure for the successful storage of chipped wood for fuel. Twelve insulated bins, with a capacity of approximately 0.1 m{sup 3} each, were filled with freshly cut Sitka Spruce wood chips. Ten of these bins were sealed immediately after filling and the remaining two left unsealed for the duration of the experiment (12 months). The programme of sampling for gas, moisture content, mycology and bacteriology is described. The results showed that sealed storage reduced the overall dry matter loss in the bins to around 1% per month compared to 2% for the unsealed bins. This compares favourably with losses of around 3% per month which have been reported for open stacks of chips with much lower initial moisture contents than that used in these experiments. There was a slight reduction in the colorific value of oven dried chips between the initial and after storage samples. The moisture content of the chips in all the bins increased over the storage period. The average energy loss was 2.9% per month for sealed and 2.0% per month for unsealed treatment. A typical ecological succession was shown by the chips, commencing with field fungi and terminating with a dominant yeast population. Potential costs for suitable stores vary from Pounds 1.27 per m{sup 3} per year for a plastic covered outdoor stack to Pounds 11.72 per m{sup 3} per year for a vitreous enamel silo. (UK)

Coal-tar-based parking lot sealcoat: An unrecognized source of PAH to settled house dust

Science.gov (United States)

Mahler, B.J.; Van Metre, P.C.; Wilson, J.T.; Musgrove, M.; Burbank, T.L.; Ennis, T.E.; Bashara, T.J.

2010-01-01

Despite much speculation, the principal factors controlling concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in settled house dust (SHD) have not yet been identified. In response to recent reports that dust from pavement with coaltar-based sealcoat contains extremely high concentrations of PAH, we measured PAH in SHD from 23 apartments and in dust from their associated parking lots, one-half of which had coal-tar-based sealcoat (CT). The median concentration of total PAH (T-PAH) in dust from CT parking lots (4760 ??g/g, n = 11) was 530 times higher than that from parking lots with other pavement surface types (asphalt-based sealcoat, unsealed asphalt, concrete [median 9.0 ??g/g, n = 12]). T-PAH in SHD from apartments with CT parking lots (median 129 ??g/g) was 25 times higher than that in SHD from apartments with parking lots with other pavement surface types (median 5.1 ??g/g). Presence or absence of CT on a parking lot explained 48% of the variance in log-transformed T-PAH in SHD. Urban land-use intensity near the residence also had a significant but weaker relation to T-PAH. No other variables tested, including carpeting, frequency of vacuuming, and indoor burning, were significant. ?? 2010 American Chemical Society.

Depistage clinique des infections sexuellement transmissibles chez ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Depistage clinique des infections sexuellement transmissibles chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH suivies au Centre de Traitement Ambulatoire du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga de Cotonou.

Application state of radioisotopes for medical use

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakajima, Tomoyoshi

1979-01-01

Application of unsealed radioisotopes as radiopharmaceuticals has been increasing year by year with the development of nuclear medicine. As for the radioisotopes for in vivo use which are internally administered and are detected by external scanning, the consumption of Tc-99 m drugs has increased rapidly. The sales of radiopharmaceuticals for in vivo use including 131 I, etc. amounted to four billion Yen in 1977. The consumption of the isotopes used in vitro for radioimmunoassay has made more rapid increase, and the sales of radiopharmaceuticals for in vitro use amounted to seven billion Yen in 1977. Radiopharmaceuticals have been used in 1,134 institutes all over Japan in 1978. 534 among them have applied radiopharmaceuticals to both in vivo and in vitro uses. Radioactive wastes have been increasing with the application of these unsealed radiopharmaceuticals, and their disposal method should be examined as there is a limit in their storage. (Kobatake, H.)

Human infestation by pigeon fleas (Ceratophyllus columbae) from feral pigeons.

Science.gov (United States)

Haag-Wackernagel, Daniel; Spiewak, Radosław

2004-01-01

The report concerns a married couple who were repeatedly invaded by pigeon fleas (Ceratophyllus columbae) over a period of 2 months. The source of the fleas was a pair of breeding feral pigeons (Columba livia). The birds' nest was located in the attic immediately above the couple's apartment, and the fleas found their way along an unsealed heating pipe. The people encountered up to 40 bites per night. With invasions repeated almost every night, the man gradually developed an allergic urticarial reaction. The most traumatic experience for the couple, however, was to learn that they were invaded by fleas (initially, they had presumed they were bothered by mosquitoes). This information resulted in severe psychological distress with phobic reactions and insomnia. Despite the successful removal of the fleas and the pigeons that were source of the pest, parasitophobia of the man persisted over the following 4 months. This case is discussed from the broader aspect of health risks related to feral pigeons and animal fleas. Also summarised are previous observations on people invaded by pigeon fleas.

Combined parameters estimation for 131I dosimetry treatment planning in Hyperthyroidism using 2D and 3D

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hermanos Ameijeiras, La Habana (Cuba))" data-affiliation=" (Departamento de Medicina Nuclear, HCQ Hermanos Ameijeiras, La Habana (Cuba))" >López Díaz, Adlín; Hermanos Ameijeiras, La Habana (Cuba))" data-affiliation=" (Departamento de Medicina Nuclear, HCQ Hermanos Ameijeiras, La Habana (Cuba))" >San Pedro, Aley Palau; Hermanos Ameijeiras, La Habana (Cuba))" data-affiliation=" (Departamento de Medicina Nuclear, HCQ Hermanos Ameijeiras, La Habana (Cuba))" >Martín Escuela, Juan Miguel; Reynosa Montejo, Reysel; Torres Aroche, Leonel Alberto

2017-01-01

Optimization and verification of Specific Patient Treatment Planning with unsealed sources in hyperthyroidism diseases is a desirable goal from medical and radiation protection viewpoints. In order to verify the estimation of patient’s specific treatment dose and his/her related parameters, a combination of 3 different apparatus or pieces of equipment used in nuclear medicine were studied - the Iodine Probe, a Philips Forte Camera with pinhole collimators and a Mediso Nucline with HEGP for planar and SPECT techniques- by using the typical neck phantom and 131 I sources simulating diagnosis and treatment procedure. The linear behavior on diagnostic and therapeutic activity range was verified, showing a linear correlation fitting factor R 2 > 0,99. The differences between thyroid uptake determinations in all equipment were less than 6 % for therapeutic activities and less than 1,1 % in the diagnostic range. The combined protocol to calculate all the necessary parameters for the patient treatment dose planning using 2D or 3D approach was established and verified, avoiding wasting time with gamma cameras and with only one administration of 131 I. (author)

Considerations of selection suggested for internal contamination monitoring in Cuba

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cruz S, R.; Lopez B, G.; Placeres V, C.; Arado L, J.; Jova S, L.

1996-01-01

A method for calculating effective risk of radionuclide intake and hypothetical annual dose that will receive a person who works with unsealed sources is proposed. Calculated committed dose equivalent and metabolic characteristic of radionuclides permit to select the type of monitoring 'in vivo' and/or 'in vitro'. The method was applied to 396 workers from 28 institutions, where 20 radionuclides in 124 different products for 266 applications are used. From this study 62% of the workers had to be monitored for internal contamination, meanly by 'in vitro' monitoring. In practices of Nuclear Medicine and other medical uses 75% of the workers had to be monitored. These results permitted to corroborate the criteria for internal contamination monitoring program carried out by Center for Hygiene and Radiation Protection and permitted to identify needs for control of radionuclides intakes. (authors).5 refs., 3 figs

Harmonization of internal dosimetry procedures in Latin America - ARCAL/IAEA project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Melo, D.; Dantas, B.M.; Juliao, L. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria - Av. Salvador Allende S/N, Recreio dos Bandeirantes, RJ 22780-160 (Brazil); Cruz Suarez, R. [International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria); Rojo, A.; Serdero, N. [Autoridad Regulatoria Nuclear, Buenos Aires (Argentina); Videla, R. [Comision Chilena de Energia Nuclear, Santiago (Chile); Puerta, J.A. [Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin (Colombia); Lopez, G. [Centro de Proteccion e Higiene de las Radiaciones, Ciudad de la Habana (Cuba); Alfaro, M.M. [Instituto nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (Mexico); Gonzales, S. [Instituto Peruano de Energia Nuclear, Lima (Peru); Hermida, J.C. [Hospital de Clinicas, Montevideo (Uruguay); Navarro, T. [Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Mediciones Ambientales y Tecnologicas - CIEMAT, Madrid (Spain)

2007-07-01

Under the auspices of the Regional Coordination Agreement for Latin America, representatives of the eight member states have participated in a project to improve radiological protection for workers exposed to unsealed sources of radiation. The design of the project was based on information obtained from a questionnaire circulated among the participants, from which the initial status of internal dosimetry services in each country was characterised. The objective of the project is to harmonize internal dosimetry procedures, with reference to International Atomic Energy Agency recommendations. After the implementation of new procedures and personnel training, four intercomparison exercises were carried out: measurement of iodine in thyroid phantoms, measurement of gamma emitters in urine samples, measurement of beta emitters in urine samples and internal dose assessments. This project has resulted in important improvements in internal dosimetry services in the region. (authors)

Darfour : triste anniversaire

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ivan Deret

2008-04-01

Full Text Available La crise du Darfour entre dans sa sixième année. D’abord ignorée, elle fait aujourd’hui l’objet d’une importante couverture médiatique et de vives polémiques. Mais en dehors de l’assistance humanitaire portée aux personnes, la communauté internationale semble incapable d’imaginer une solution à une crise qui s’installe, et se complexifie.The Darfur crisis entered its sixth year. At First almost ignored, it benefits today from a large coverage by Medias, and even became of source of disputes. However, apart of the relief aid provided to persons, the international community remains unable to find a solution to a lasting and more and more complicated crisis.

76 FR 69693 - Tolerance Crop Grouping Program III

Science.gov (United States)

2011-11-09

... Parl. ex Sudw., P. pinea L.; Pistachio, Pistacia vera L.; Sapucaia nut, Lecythis zabucaja Aubl... the current taxonomic name. Pistachio was previously rejected as a member of Tree Nuts Crop Group 14, because there were concerns that the unsealed husks or shells surrounding pistachio nuts would expose the...

Temps de travail et organisation du travail : une source de stress et de difficultés de conciliation emploi-famille ? Working time and work organization: A source of stress and difficulties in the work-family balance? Tiempo y organización del trabajo : una fuente de estrés y de dificultades de conciliación empleo-familia ?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay

2007-05-01

Full Text Available Les données exposées ici fournissent un portrait de la situation canadienne du point de vue de l’aménagement et de la réduction du temps de travail (ARTT et de l’espace de travail et permettent de déterminer dans quelle mesure l’ARTT peut être vu comme une solution aux problèmes de conciliation emploi-famille ou de stress, ou encore comment l’organisation du temps de travail peut être source de difficultés et de stress. Nous avons étudié la situation des hommes comme des femmes en emploi, et posé la question à savoir si c’est la présence de femmes dans une organisation, ou la présence de parents travailleurs, qui incite les organisations à mettre en place des mesures de conciliation et d’ARTT. Il est intéressant de constater que ce sont plutôt les personnes sans enfant qui se trouvent dans les emplois offrant davantage de services à la fois pour les personnes âgées et la garde d’enfants. Nous montrons aussi que sur le plan de l’ARTT, les comportements des femmes sans enfant sont souvent plus proches de ceux des hommes, mais que la présence d’enfants est un facteur majeur pour expliquer les aspirations des hommes en matière de temps de travail. Peu de travaux ont étudié la question sous cet angle et il ressort clairement ici que la présence d’enfants est souvent plus déterminante que le fait d’être une femme, mais par contre que les femmes sont nettement plus concernées lorsqu’il s’agit de recourir aux services de garde ou de soins aux personnes âgées.The data presented here provide a picture of the Canadian situation from the standpoint of the organization and reduction of working times (ORWT and the place of work, and make it possible to determine to what extent ORWT can be seen as a solution to stress and work-family balance problems, or even how the organization of work time can be a source of difficulty and stress. We studied the situation of employed men as well as women and attempted

Effect of Fluid Bypassing on the Experimentally Obtained Darcy and Non-Darcy Permeability Parameters of Ceramic Foam Filters

Science.gov (United States)

Akbarnejad, Shahin; Saffari Pour, Mohsen; Jonsson, Lage Tord Ingemar; Jönsson, Pӓr Göran

2017-02-01

Ceramic foam filters (CFFs) are used to remove solid particles and inclusions from molten metal. In general, molten metal which is poured on the top of a CFF needs to reach a certain height to build the required pressure (metal head) to prime the filter. To estimate the required metal head, it is necessary to obtain permeability coefficients using permeametry experiments. It has been mentioned in the literature that to avoid fluid bypassing, during permeametry, samples need to be sealed. However, the effect of fluid bypassing on the experimentally obtained pressure gradients seems not to be explored. Therefore, in this research, the focus was on studying the effect of fluid bypassing on the experimentally obtained pressure gradients as well as the empirically obtained Darcy and non-Darcy permeability coefficients. Specifically, the aim of the research was to investigate the effect of fluid bypassing on the liquid permeability of 30, 50, and 80 pores per inch (PPI) commercial alumina CFFs. In addition, the experimental data were compared to the numerically modeled findings. Both studies showed that no sealing results in extremely poor estimates of the pressure gradients and Darcy and non-Darcy permeability coefficients for all studied filters. The average deviations between the pressure gradients of the sealed and unsealed 30, 50, and 80 PPI samples were calculated to be 57.2, 56.8, and 61.3 pct. The deviations between the Darcy coefficients of the sealed and unsealed 30, 50, and 80 PPI samples found to be 9, 20, and 31 pct. The deviations between the non-Darcy coefficients of the sealed and unsealed 30, 50, and 80 PPI samples were calculated to be 59, 58, and 63 pct.

The photovoltaic, a market of 2 milliards of people; L'electricite photovoltaique, un marche de 2 milliards de personnes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chartier, Ph.

2003-02-15

In the framework of the climatic change fight, the photovoltaic energy source is an opportunity which can also create many employment. This economic analysis brings information and discusses on the following topics: the photovoltaic cost, the industrialists, the reference national programs, the little and the big hydro-electricity. (A.L.B.)

38 CFR 1.518 - Addresses of claimants.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... cases involving judicial actions, the process or notice in judicial proceedings, enclosed in an unsealed... indicates that judicial action is involved in which a process or notice in judicial proceedings is required... mail when transmission by this type special mail is desired. At the time the letter, process, or notice...

Le syndrome de fatigue chronique et la fibromyalgie au Canada : prévalence et associations avec six indicateurs de l'état de santé

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Rusu

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction : Peu d'études ont traité, à l'aide de données populationnelles, des facteurs associés de façon indépendante au syndrome de fatigue chronique (SFC et à la fibromyalgie (FM ou des répercussions de ces affections sur l'état de santé. Méthodologie : Nous avons utilisé les données de l'Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes de 2010 (n=59 101, représentative de la population à l'échelle nationale, pour décrire les cas autodéclarés de SFC et de FM diagnostiqués par un professionnel de la santé et pour déterminer les associations de ces affections avec six indicateurs de l'état de santé. Résultats : En 2010, 1,4 % (intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % : 1,3 % à 1,6 % des Canadiens de 12 ans ou plus vivant à domicile ont déclaré avoir reçu un diagnostic de SFC,1,5 % (IC à 95 %: 1,4 % à 1,7 % de FM, et 0,3 % (IC à 95 %: 0,3 % à 0,4 % a déclaré être atteinte à la fois de SFC et de FM. Les cas de SFC comme ceux de FM étaient plus fréquents chez les femmes, les adultes de 40 ans ou plus, les personnes à faible revenu et les personnes présentant certains facteurs de risque de maladie chronique (obésité, sédentarité et tabagisme. Après ajustement en fonction des différences existant entre les groupes, les personnes ayant déclaré être atteintes du SFC ou de FM ou des deux avaient un moins bon état de santé que les personnes atteintes d'aucune de ces affections pour cinq indicateurs de l'état de santé, mais aucune différence n'a été trouvée entre ces groupes par rapport à l'indicateur de santé mentale. Le fait d'être atteint à la fois du SFC et de FM et de présenter de multiples affections comorbides était associé à un moins bon état de santé. Conclusion : La présence concomitante du SFC, de la FM et d'autres affections chroniques était étroitement associée au fait d'avoir un moins bon état de santé, et les différences relatives à l'état de santé �

Agent de Communication (h/f) - Initiative de recherche en santé ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Complexité du travail Sous la direction et la surveillance du chef de programme, la personne titulaire du poste est chargée de la gestion des communications et des activités de relations publiques.

Draft guidance notes for the protection of persons against ionising radiations arising from medical and dental use

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1983-01-01

These guidance notes are presented under the following headings: 1) Limitation of radiation dose. 2) Administrative measures for radiological protection. 3) Medical surveillance. 4) Operational measures for radiological protection. 5) The request for a radiological examination or treatment, whether directly associated or not with illness or injury, together with consideration of the problems of dealing with patients of a reproductive age. 6) Diagnostic use of X-rays. 7) Dental radiography. 8) Therapeutic uses of radiation beams, remotely-operated after-loading equipment and extra-corporeal blood irradiators and neutron activation analysis. 9) Brachytherapy. 10) Diagnostic and therapeutic uses of unsealed radioactive substances. 11) Diagnostic uses of closed sources. 12) The use of nuclear-powered cardiac pacemakers. 13) Patients leaving a hospital after administration of radioactive substances. 14) Precautions after death.. 15) Storage and movement of radioactive materials. 16) Disposal of radioactive waste. 17) Emergency procedures. (U.K.)

Preliminary investigation of PAGAT polymer gel radionuclide dosimetry of Tc-99m

Science.gov (United States)

Braun, Kelly; Bailey, Dale; Hill, Brendan; Baldock, Clive

2009-05-01

PAGAT polymer gel was investigated as a suitable dosimeter materials for measuring absorbed dose from the unsealed source radionuclide Tc-99m. Differing amounts of Tc-99m over the range of 25-5000 MBq were introduced into a normoxic polymer gel mixture (PAGAT) in sealed nitrogen-filled P6 glass vials. After irradiation the gels were evaluated using MRI more than 48 hours after preparation to allow for radioactive decay. The dose delivered to the vial was also calculated empirically. R2 versus total activity curves were obtained over a number of experiments and these were used to evaluate the relationship between the amount of gel polymerization and the dose deposited by the radionuclide. A linear response up to 1000 MBq (corresponding to 20Gy) was displayed and was still behaving monotonically at 5000 MBq. Polymer gels offer the potential to measure radiation dose three-dimensionally using MRI.

Therapeutic radionuclides: Making the right choice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Srivastava, S.C.

1996-01-01

Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in nuclear medicine therapeutic procedures. Using unsealed sources for therapy is not a new concept; it has been around since the beginnings of nuclear medicine. Treatment of thyroid disorders with radioiodine is a classic example. The availability of radionuclides with suitable therapeutic properties for specific applications, as well as methods for their selective targeting to diseased tissue have, however, remained the main obstacles for therapy to assume a more widespread role in nuclear medicine. Nonetheless, a number of new techniques that have recently emerged, (e.g., tumor therapy with radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies, treatment of metastatic bone pain, etc.) appear to have provided a substantial impetus to research on production of new therapeutic radionuclides. Although there are a number of new therapeutic approaches requiring specific radionuclides, only selected broad areas will be used as examples in this article

Moyens que prennent les collectivités pour faire face aux souvenirs ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... les collectivités et les victimes individuelles de violations massives des droits de la personne ... Asian Justice and Rights Foundation ... Policy in Focus publishes a special issue profiling evidence to empower women in the labour market.

The Chandra Source Catalog : Automated Source Correlation

Science.gov (United States)

Hain, Roger; Evans, I. N.; Evans, J. D.; Glotfelty, K. J.; Anderson, C. S.; Bonaventura, N. R.; Chen, J. C.; Davis, J. E.; Doe, S. M.; Fabbiano, G.; Galle, E.; Gibbs, D. G.; Grier, J. D.; Hall, D. M.; Harbo, P. N.; He, X.; Houck, J. C.; Karovska, M.; Lauer, J.; McCollough, M. L.; McDowell, J. C.; Miller, J. B.; Mitschang, A. W.; Morgan, D. L.; Nichols, J. S.; Nowak, M. A.; Plummer, D. A.; Primini, F. A.; Refsdal, B. L.; Rots, A. H.; Siemiginowska, A. L.; Sundheim, B. A.; Tibbetts, M. S.; Van Stone, D. W.; Winkelman, S. L.; Zografou, P.

2009-01-01

Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) master source pipeline processing seeks to automatically detect sources and compute their properties. Since Chandra is a pointed mission and not a sky survey, different sky regions are observed for a different number of times at varying orientations, resolutions, and other heterogeneous conditions. While this provides an opportunity to collect data from a potentially large number of observing passes, it also creates challenges in determining the best way to combine different detection results for the most accurate characterization of the detected sources. The CSC master source pipeline correlates data from multiple observations by updating existing cataloged source information with new data from the same sky region as they become available. This process sometimes leads to relatively straightforward conclusions, such as when single sources from two observations are similar in size and position. Other observation results require more logic to combine, such as one observation finding a single, large source and another identifying multiple, smaller sources at the same position. We present examples of different overlapping source detections processed in the current version of the CSC master source pipeline. We explain how they are resolved into entries in the master source database, and examine the challenges of computing source properties for the same source detected multiple times. Future enhancements are also discussed. This work is supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060 (CXC).

Principles of cobalt-60 teletherapy including an introduction to the compendium. Guidelines for the documentation of radiation treatment methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cohen, M.

1984-01-01

A great deal of thought has been given in recent years to the documentation of individual patients and their diseases, especially since the computerization of registry sytems facilitates the storage and retrieval of large amounts of data, but the documentation of radiation treatment methods has received surprisingly little attention. The guidelines which follow are intended for use both internally (within radiotherapy centres) and externally when a treatment method is reported in the literature or transferred from one centre to another. The amount of detail reported externally will, of course, depend on the circumstances: for example, a published paper will usually mention only the most important of the radiation and physical parameters, but it is important for the department of origin to list all parameters in a separate document, available on request. These guidelines apply specifically to the documentation of treatment by external radiation beams, although many of the suggestions would also apply to treatment by small sealed sources (brachytherapy) and by unsealed radionuclides. Treatment techniques which involve a combination of external and internal sources (e.g. Ca. cervix uteri treatd by intracavitary sources plus external beam therapy) require particularly careful documentation to indicate the relationship bwtween dose distribution (in both space and time) achieved by the two modalities

Accountability of Radioactive Materials in Malaysian Nuclear Agency

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Noor Fadilla Ismail; Wan Saffiey Wan Abdullah; Khairuddin Mohamad Kontol; Azimawati Ahmad; Suzilawati Muhd Sarowi; Mohd Fazlie Abdul Rashid

2016-01-01

Radioactive materials possessed in Malaysian Nuclear Agency have many beneficial applications for research and development, calibration, tracer and irradiation. There are two types of radioactive materials which consist of sealed sourced and unsealed sourced shall be accounted for and secured at all the times by following the security aspect. The Health Physics Group in the Department of Radiation Safety and Health Division is responsible to manage the issues related to any accountability for all radioactive material purchased or received under the radioactive material protocol. The accountability of radioactive materials in Malaysian Nuclear Agency is very important to ensure the security and control the radioactive materials to not to be lost or fall into the hands of people who do not have permission to possess or use it. The accountability of radioactive materials considered as a mandatory to maintaining accountability by complying the requirements of the Atomic Energy Licensing Act 1984 (Act 304) and regulations made thereunder and the conditions of license LPTA / A / 724. In this report describes the important element of accountability of radioactive materials in order to enhances security standard by allowing tracking of the locations of sources and to reduce the risk of radioactive materials falling into the wrong hands. (author)

Climate change in urban areas. Green and water storage in relation to soils

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dirven-van Breemen, E.M.; Claessens, J.W.; Hollander, A.

2011-08-01

One of the possible effects of climate change in urban areas is an increased frequency of periods of extreme heat and extreme rainfall events. Public green areas provide shadow and therefore have a cooling effect during periods of extreme heat. Sufficient water storage capacity of the soil may reduce the overburdening of the public water system during extreme rainfall events. Governments do well by taking measures for climate-proofing of their towns. Also citizens may contribute to these climate issues. Governments and citizens should realize that investing in climate-proofing of their towns at this moment will pay off in the future. These are the outcomes of an inventory carried out by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, ordered by the ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment. With measures for public green areas and water storage capacity local governments should link with other policy areas like infrastructure, public health, safety and sustainability. An example of more public green is a green infrastructure like parks and public gardens. An other advantage of public green is the unsealed soil; that is the soil not covered by roads, buildings, etc. The presence of unsealed soil increases the possibility for water infiltration. For favorable water storage local governments may construct wadis that prevent public water systems for being overburdened by extreme rainfall events. A wadi is a lowering of the surface level mostly covered with plants. During heavy rainfall the wadi is flooded, due to rainwater from the roofs of the surrounding buildings which drains away to the wadi. Citizens may construct green roofs or city gardens with unsealed soil. To promote this, subsidies for private initiatives are an additional boost. [nl

The soil-water system as basis for a climate proof and healthy urban environment: opportunities identified in a Dutch case-study.

Science.gov (United States)

Claessens, Jacqueline; Schram-Bijkerk, Dieneke; Dirven-van Breemen, Liesbet; Otte, Piet; van Wijnen, Harm

2014-07-01

One of the effects of climate change expected to take place in urban areas in the Netherlands is an increase in periods of extreme heat and drought. How the soil can contribute to making cities more climate proof is often neglected. Unsealed soil and green spaces increase water storage capacity and can consequently prevent flooding. The planning of public or private green spaces can have a cooling effect and, in general, have a positive effect on how people perceive their health. This paper reviews existing guidelines from Dutch policy documents regarding unsealed soil and green spaces in the Netherlands; do they support climate adaptation policies? Scientific literature was used to quantify the positive effects of green spaces on water storage capacity, cooling and public health. Finally we present a case study of a model town where different policy areas are linked together. Maps were made to provide insight into the ratio of unsealed soil and the number of green spaces in relation to existing guidelines using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Maps marking the age and social-economic status of the population were also made. The benefits of green spaces are difficult to express in averages because they depend on many different factors such as soil properties, type of green spaces, population characteristics and spatial planning. Moreover, it is not possible to provide quantifications of the benefits of green spaces because of a lack of scientific evidence at the moment. Based on the maps, however, policy assessments can be made, for example, in which site a neighborhood will most benefit from investment in parks and public gardens. Neighborhoods where people have a low social-economic status have for example fewer green spaces than others. This offers opportunities for efficient adaptation policies linking goals of several policy fields. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Normalizing the maximum permissible seal failure of the fuel cladding of VVER and the activity of the fission products in the coolant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luzanova, L.M.; Miglo, V.N.; Slavyagin, P.D.

1993-01-01

In most countries developing a nuclear power industry based on pressurized water reactors, one of the conditions for issuing a license under normal operating conditions for issuing a license stipulates that the fuel elements may not lose their hermetic seal either under normal operating conditions or during presumable disturbances of the conditions of normal use. At a conference on radiation safety the ALARA principle was taken to be fundamental, it being attempted to keep the activity of the coolant of the primary circuit, including the fission products emerging from unsealed fuel elements, to a level as low as reasonably possible. As many years of experience in the nuclear power industry have shown, nuclear power stations are in many cases operated with nonhermetic fuel elements in the core. Therefore, from the point of view of safety and economy, the best way to operate a power plant is to try to ensure maximum burnup of the fuel of the unsealed elements as they operate within the limits of safe activity of the fission products in the fuel circuits

Covalently Connecting Crystal Grains with Polyvinylammonium Carbochain Backbone To Suppress Grain Boundaries for Long-Term Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Han; Liang, Chao; Liu, Yingliang; Zhang, Yiqiang; Tong, Jincheng; Zuo, Weiwei; Xu, Shengang; Shao, Guosheng; Cao, Shaokui

2017-02-22

Grain boundaries act as rapid pathways for nonradiative carrier recombination, anion migration, and water corrosion, leading to low efficiency and poor stability of organometal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, the strategy suppressing the crystal grain boundaries is applied to improve the photovoltaic performance, especially moisture-resistant stability, with polyvinylammonium carbochain backbone covalently connecting the perovskite crystal grains. This cationic polyelectrolyte additive serves as nucleation sites and template for crystal growth of MAPbI 3 and afterward the immobilized adjacent crystal grains grow into the continuous compact, pinhole-free perovskite layer. As a result, the unsealed PSC devices, which are fabricated under low-temperature fabrication protocol with a proper content of polymer additive PVAm·HI, currently exhibit the maximum efficiency of 16.3%. Remarkably, these unsealed devices follow an "outside-in" corrosion mechanism and respectively retain 92% and 80% of the initial PCE value after being exposed under ambient environment for 50 days and 100 days, indicating the superiority of carbochain polymer additives in solving the long-term stability problem of PSCs.

Diaspora et économie internationale: le cas des Sud-Africains d’origine indienne

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Frédéric Landy

2003-03-01

Full Text Available L’Inde rêve que la diaspora indienne joue un rôle économique comparable à celui de la diaspora chinoise pour la Chine. En comparant trois cartes de la répartition mondiale des personnes d’origine indienne et des investissements internationaux, on constate que les pays à forte communauté indienne ne sont pas toujours des partenaires économiques majeurs de l’Inde. Celle-ci demeure une référence forte pour la diaspora, parfois très ancienne. Le cas de l’Afrique du Sud illustre bien la dissolution des liens matériels entre les personnes d’origine indienne et l’Inde, aggravée par la coupure de l’apartheid: la carte de l’Inde a souvent disparu des esprits, au profit d’une Inde bien plus abstraite.

Social marketing potential of qualitative cost- free-to-patient eye care ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2010-02-08

Feb 8, 2010 ... sought to identify factors that are of marketing importance in qualitative ... Identifie les facteurs de marketing valeur incluse: publicité Grâce à: Personnes (46.5%), ville crier (21.2%), radio ..... occurrence of interviewer's error.

Regulatory and administrative requirements for practice of nuclear medicine in India

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tandon, Pankaj

1998-01-01

In order to ensure safety of the patients, staff and public in the practice of nuclear medicine, including in-vivo diagnostic investigations, radionuclide therapy and in research using unsealed radioactive substances a number of administrative and regulatory procedures are adopted. The salient features of regulatory and administrative requirements for practice of nuclear medicine in India are discussed

Source-space ICA for MEG source imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Jonmohamadi, Yaqub; Jones, Richard D

2016-02-01

One of the most widely used approaches in electroencephalography/magnetoencephalography (MEG) source imaging is application of an inverse technique (such as dipole modelling or sLORETA) on the component extracted by independent component analysis (ICA) (sensor-space ICA + inverse technique). The advantage of this approach over an inverse technique alone is that it can identify and localize multiple concurrent sources. Among inverse techniques, the minimum-variance beamformers offer a high spatial resolution. However, in order to have both high spatial resolution of beamformer and be able to take on multiple concurrent sources, sensor-space ICA + beamformer is not an ideal combination. We propose source-space ICA for MEG as a powerful alternative approach which can provide the high spatial resolution of the beamformer and handle multiple concurrent sources. The concept of source-space ICA for MEG is to apply the beamformer first and then singular value decomposition + ICA. In this paper we have compared source-space ICA with sensor-space ICA both in simulation and real MEG. The simulations included two challenging scenarios of correlated/concurrent cluster sources. Source-space ICA provided superior performance in spatial reconstruction of source maps, even though both techniques performed equally from a temporal perspective. Real MEG from two healthy subjects with visual stimuli were also used to compare performance of sensor-space ICA and source-space ICA. We have also proposed a new variant of minimum-variance beamformer called weight-normalized linearly-constrained minimum-variance with orthonormal lead-field. As sensor-space ICA-based source reconstruction is popular in EEG and MEG imaging, and given that source-space ICA has superior spatial performance, it is expected that source-space ICA will supersede its predecessor in many applications.

Les chemins du savoir | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

. Autrefois, les politiciens, parfois conseillés par des personnes infl uentes pouvaient gouverner simplement en se laissant guider par leurs principes personnels, leur inclinaison idéologique et, à l'occasion, en acquiesçant à des demandes ...

Résultats de recherche | Page 16 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

acheminent vers une plus grande intégration économique, on voit apparaître tout un éventail de difficultés interreliées ayant trait aux garanties constitutionnelles et aux garanties des droits de la personn. Projet ...

Conflicting discourses of church youths on masculinity and sexuality ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

However, a small number of participants challenged current gender norms and ... sexuality, young churchgoers, HIV prevention, gender equality, DR Congo ... Les garc¸ons ont e´te´ perc¸us comme des personnes qui ont des rapports sexuels ...

78 FR 12356 - Notice Pursuant to the National Cooperative Research and Production Act of 1993-Telemanagement Forum

Science.gov (United States)

2013-02-22

... University, Fairfax, VA; i Engineering Group, Accra, GHANA; Incoma, Moscow, RUSSIA; International Software...--Road Town, VIRGIN ISLANDS (BRITISH); LIRIS Lab (Personne Morale), Villeurbanne C[eacute]dex, FRANCE... AFRICA; Onesto Services Oy, Jyvaskyla, FINLAND; Orange System Group, St.Petersburg, RUSSIA; Osaka...

Nuclear medicine. In vivo PET-TDM or PET diagnosis with fluorine 18 and other positron emitters - FR 6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Herain, C.; Machacek, C.; Menechal, P.; Aubert, B.; Celier, D.; Rehel, J.L.; Vidal, J.P.; Barbe, R.; Lahaye, T.; Gauron, C.; Barret, C.; Biau, A.; Donnarieix, D.; Gambini, D.; Gondran, C.; Guerin, C.; Marande, J.L.; Mercier, J.; Paycha, F.; Pierrat, N.

2012-03-01

This sheet first indicates the different personnel categories concerned with application of various legal arrangements associated with the practice of in vivo diagnosis by positron emission tomography (PET) coupled or not with tomodensitometry (PDM) using fluorine 18 or other positron emitters. It briefly describes the procedures, indicates the hazards and risks associated with the use of sealed sources and X ray generators or of unsealed sources, describes how the risk is assessed, how controlled and surveyed areas are determined, how the personnel is classified according to workstation studies, and how the dose control method is selected with respect to each personnel category. It describes how a risk management strategy is defined and implemented (risk reduction, technical measures for the installation, protection measures, education and training, prevention action, how to deal with incidents and dysfunction). It describes the various aspects and practices of medical survey for the personnel, in case of pregnancy, and by using a medical file and performing a post-professional follow-up, and by taking on anomalies and incidents. It also describes how risk management is to be assessed, and mentions some other risks. An example of workstation study is provided in appendix

The Japan Power Demonstration Reactor (JPDR) dismantling activities. Dismantling of the reactor enclosure and the auxiliary buildings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seiki, Yoshihiro; Kubo, Takashi.

1996-01-01

As the final stage of the JPDR decommissioning program, after the major components were removed from each building of JPDR, the dismantling activities proceeded to the decontamination of contaminated concrete surface and the final radiation survey of buildings. These activities were conducted to verify the developed techniques and the detailed procedures for decontamination, and to allow unrestricted use of the JPDR buildings. Following the decontamination of buildings, the dismantling of each building was started. Before dismantling the buildings, the radiation control designations were changed. The buildings that contaminated embedded pipes were changed from first-class radiation controlled areas to second-class radiation controlled areas. On the other hand, the buildings that had no contaminated pipes were changed to uncontrolled areas. A first-class radiation controlled area allows the use of unsealed sources ; thus, radioactive contamination may exist. A second-class radiation controlled area is one where only sealed sources are allowed. Significant quantities of data and experience were obtained during these activities. The practical procedures for decontamination, the final survey of radioactivity, and the dismantling work of buildings were described in this report. (author)

Study of dose levels absorbed by members of the public in the nuclear medicine departments; Estudo dos niveis de dose em individuos do publico nos servicos de medicina nuclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cabral, Geovanna Oliveira de Mello

2001-03-01

In nuclear Medicine, radioisotopes are bound to various compounds (called radiopharmaceuticals) for use in various diagnostic and therapeutic applications. These unsealed sources are administered in various forms to patients, who remain radioactive for hours or days, and represent a source of potential radiation exposure for others. Thus, in nuclear medicine departments, radiation protection of workers and members of the public, especially persons accompanying patients, must consider, this exposure. In Brazil, the Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN) establishes that, in nuclear medicine departments, the patients and persons accompanying should be separated each other. However, this rule is not always followed due to many factors such as physical and emotional conditions of patients. In this context, the aim of this study was the investigation of dose levels, which the persons accompanying patients are exposed to. For monitoring, thermoluminescent dosimeters were employed. The dosimeters were given to 380 persons who were accompanying patients in nuclear medicine departments. Exposure results were lower than 1 mSv. On the basis of CNEN rules, issues regarding stay conditions for members of the public in these departments are discussed. (author)

Study of dose levels absorbed by members of the public in the nuclear medicine departments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cabral, Geovanna Oliveira de Mello

2001-03-01

In nuclear Medicine, radioisotopes are bound to various compounds (called radiopharmaceuticals) for use in various diagnostic and therapeutic applications. These unsealed sources are administered in various forms to patients, who remain radioactive for hours or days, and represent a source of potential radiation exposure for others. Thus, in nuclear medicine departments, radiation protection of workers and members of the public, especially persons accompanying patients, must consider, this exposure. In Brazil, the Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN) establishes that, in nuclear medicine departments, the patients and persons accompanying should be separated each other. However, this rule is not always followed due to many factors such as physical and emotional conditions of patients. In this context, the aim of this study was the investigation of dose levels, which the persons accompanying patients are exposed to. For monitoring, thermoluminescent dosimeters were employed. The dosimeters were given to 380 persons who were accompanying patients in nuclear medicine departments. Exposure results were lower than 1 mSv. On the basis of CNEN rules, issues regarding stay conditions for members of the public in these departments are discussed. (author)

Status of Philippine regulatory infrastructure for the safe transport of radioactive materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parami, V.K.; De Jesus, T.G.

2004-01-01

This paper presents some regulatory practices and experiences of the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI) in ensuring safe transport of radioactive materials. The regulation and licensing the use of radioactive materials started in 1958. The number of packages containing radioactive materials transported into and within the country has increased with the increase number of licensees. During the period 2000-2002, the total number of licensees is 293, 311 and 311 respectively. The PNRI issues certificates of release and certificate of transport/authority to transport. Based on the data of certificates, the topmost sealed source shipments from abroad, mostly in type A package, are 192 Ir and 125 I for brachytherapy. For unsealed sources, also mostly in type A package, the topmost radioactive materials are 99m Tc (generators), 131 I, 201 Tl mainly for medical diagnosis. From the data on certificates of transport, the total number of packages inspected for the period 2000-2002 is 464, 577 and 747 respectively. The experiences in the enforcement of the transport regulations and the implication of issuing certificates of release and transport are discussed and recommendations are presented. (Authors)

Ionizing radiations: medical and industrial applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vidal, H.

1994-01-01

Medical diagnosis with X-rays is the best known use of ionizing radiations on account of its wide diffusion (about 57 500 units in France). Other medical applications of artificial radionuclides involving a smaller number of installations are also well known, i.e. gamma teletherapy (167 units), brachytherapy (119 units) or therapy using unsealed sources (257 units). The industrial uses of ionising radiation, the diversity of which is very large, are generally less well known. The use of X- and gamma rays for non-destructive testing or food preservation and the use of tracers have some notoriety, but few people know that radioactive sources are involved in the measurement of parameters controlling industrial processes. The number of persons authorized to hold, use and/or sell artificial radionuclides amounts to about 4 800, all applications included. Approximately 650 of them are involved in therapy and 500 in medical research. The aim of this paper, which is not exhaustive, is to review a few typical applications of radionuclides both in the medical and industrial fields. It also supplies data both on the number of people authorized to use each technique and the radionuclides involved. (author). 10 tabs

Caracterisation environnementale des emissions atmospheriques d'une source fixe et creation d'un outil de gestion dynamique =

Science.gov (United States)

Fournier, Marie-Claude

Une caracterisation des emissions atmospheriques provenant des sources fixes en operation, alimentees au gaz et a l'huile legere, a ete conduite aux installations visees des sites no.1 et no.2. La caracterisation et les calculs theoriques des emissions atmospheriques aux installations des sites no.1 et no.2 presentent des resultats qui sont en dessous des valeurs reglementaires pour des conditions d'operation normales en periode hivernale et par consequent, a de plus fortes demandes energetiques. Ainsi, pour une demande energetique plus basse, le taux de contaminants dans les emissions atmospheriques pourrait egalement etre en dessous des reglementations municipales et provinciales en vigueur. Dans la perspective d'une nouvelle reglementation provinciale, dont les termes sont discutes depuis 2005, il serait souhaitable que le proprietaire des infrastructures visees participe aux echanges avec le Ministere du Developpement Durable, de l'Environnement et des Parcs (MDDEP) du Quebec. En effet, meme si le principe de droit acquis permettrait d'eviter d'etre assujetti a la nouvelle reglementation, l'application de ce type de principe ne s'inscrit pas dans ceux d'un developpement durable. L'âge avance des installations etudiees implique la planification d'un entretien rigoureux afin d'assurer les conditions optimales de combustion en fonction du type de combustible. Des tests de combustion sur une base reguliere sont donc recommandes. Afin de supporter le processus de suivi et d'evaluation de la performance environnementale des sources fixes, un outil d'aide a la gestion de l'information environnementale a ete developpe. Dans ce contexte, la poursuite du developpement d'un outil d'aide a la gestion de l'information environnementale faciliterait non seulement le travail des personnes affectees aux inventaires annuels mais egalement le processus de communication entre les differents acteurs concernes tant intra- qu'inter-etablissement. Cet outil serait egalement un bon

Sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duffy, L.P.

1991-01-01

This paper discusses the sources of radiation in the narrow perspective of radioactivity and the even narrow perspective of those sources that concern environmental management and restoration activities at DOE facilities, as well as a few related sources. Sources of irritation, Sources of inflammatory jingoism, and Sources of information. First, the sources of irritation fall into three categories: No reliable scientific ombudsman to speak without bias and prejudice for the public good, Technical jargon with unclear definitions exists within the radioactive nomenclature, and Scientific community keeps a low-profile with regard to public information. The next area of personal concern are the sources of inflammation. This include such things as: Plutonium being described as the most dangerous substance known to man, The amount of plutonium required to make a bomb, Talk of transuranic waste containing plutonium and its health affects, TMI-2 and Chernobyl being described as Siamese twins, Inadequate information on low-level disposal sites and current regulatory requirements under 10 CFR 61, Enhanced engineered waste disposal not being presented to the public accurately. Numerous sources of disinformation regarding low level radiation high-level radiation, Elusive nature of the scientific community, The Federal and State Health Agencies resources to address comparative risk, and Regulatory agencies speaking out without the support of the scientific community

Séroprévalence et facteurs associés au VIH et aux hépatites virales B et C dans la ville de Bafoussam au Cameroun

Science.gov (United States)

Mbopi-Keou, Francois-Xavier; Nkala, Isabelle Vanessa Monthe; Kalla, Ginette Claude Mireille; Nguefack-Tsague, Georges; Kamga, Hortense Gonsu; Noubom, Michel; Mvogo, Côme Ebana; Sosso, Maurice Aurelien

2015-01-01

Introduction L'objectif de ce travail était de déterminer la séroprévalence et les facteurs associés au VIH et aux hépatites virales B et C dans la ville de Bafoussam au Cameroun. Méthodes Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive et analytique réalisée de février 2012 à Juin 2012 dans la ville de Bafoussam au Cameroun. Pour cette étude, nous avons obtenu une clairance éthique. Résultats Au total, 982 personnes ont été dépistées pour le VIH et les hépatites virales B et C. Les femmes représentaient 56,3% des personnes dépistées. La tranche d’âge la plus représentée était celle des 20 à 24 ans. L’âge médian était de 34,5 ans. Les prévalences du VIH, de l'AgHBs, et de l'Ac anti HCV étaient respectivement de 6,0%, 4,1%, et 0,4%. La prévalence du VIH était 2 fois plus élevée parmi les femmes que les hommes avec 8,1% contre 3,5% (p=0,01). Les prévalences les plus élevées ont été observées chez les personnes de 30 à 34 ans, 40 à 44 ans avec 15,0% et 11,5% (p=0,01), les personnes sans emploi avec 11,1% (pVIH n’était pas directement liée aux comportements et pratiques sexuels de la population de l’étude. On enregistrait une prévalence élevée de 29,3% chez les individus ayant déclaré avoir au moins une infection sexuellement transmissible (p=0,000). Conclusion Il apparait urgent de mettre en place des stratégies de prévention contre le VIH, les hépatites virales et les facteurs associés au Cameroun. PMID:26113899

The Chandra Source Catalog: Source Variability

Science.gov (United States)

Nowak, Michael; Rots, A. H.; McCollough, M. L.; Primini, F. A.; Glotfelty, K. J.; Bonaventura, N. R.; Chen, J. C.; Davis, J. E.; Doe, S. M.; Evans, J. D.; Evans, I.; Fabbiano, G.; Galle, E. C.; Gibbs, D. G., II; Grier, J. D.; Hain, R.; Hall, D. M.; Harbo, P. N.; He, X.; Houck, J. C.; Karovska, M.; Lauer, J.; McDowell, J. C.; Miller, J. B.; Mitschang, A. W.; Morgan, D. L.; Nichols, J. S.; Plummer, D. A.; Refsdal, B. L.; Siemiginowska, A. L.; Sundheim, B. A.; Tibbetts, M. S.; van Stone, D. W.; Winkelman, S. L.; Zografou, P.

2009-09-01

The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) contains fields of view that have been studied with individual, uninterrupted observations that span integration times ranging from 1 ksec to 160 ksec, and a large number of which have received (multiple) repeat observations days to years later. The CSC thus offers an unprecedented look at the variability of the X-ray sky over a broad range of time scales, and across a wide diversity of variable X-ray sources: stars in the local galactic neighborhood, galactic and extragalactic X-ray binaries, Active Galactic Nuclei, etc. Here we describe the methods used to identify and quantify source variability within a single observation, and the methods used to assess the variability of a source when detected in multiple, individual observations. Three tests are used to detect source variability within a single observation: the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and its variant, the Kuiper test, and a Bayesian approach originally suggested by Gregory and Loredo. The latter test not only provides an indicator of variability, but is also used to create a best estimate of the variable lightcurve shape. We assess the performance of these tests via simulation of statistically stationary, variable processes with arbitrary input power spectral densities (here we concentrate on results of red noise simulations) at variety of mean count rates and fractional root mean square variabilities relevant to CSC sources. We also assess the false positive rate via simulations of constant sources whose sole source of fluctuation is Poisson noise. We compare these simulations to an assessment of the variability found in real CSC sources, and estimate the variability sensitivities of the CSC.

Seventh meeting of radiation protection skilled persons; Septiemes rencontres des personnes competentes en radioprotection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Juhel, Th.; Briandchamplong, J.; Gambini, D.J.; Ammerich, M.; Aubert, B.; Barbey, P.; Biau, A.; Bruchet, H.; Capelle, M.H.; Flon, E.; Gauron, Ch.; Gravelotte, D.; Guerin, Ch.; Le Denmat, D.; Lemoine, Th.; Lombard, J.; Lucas, St.; Menechal, Ph.; Mignien, S.; Million, M.; Mozziconacci, J.G.; Prevot, S.; Radecki, J.J.; Rigaud, S.; Taillandier, P.; Timbert, M.; Vidal, J.P.; Bardelay, Ch.; Lahaye, Th.; Balduyck, S.; Chasson, E.; Rehel, J.L.; Chatellier, Ch.; Barret, Ch.; Guersen, J.; Degrange, J.P.; Sevestre, B.; Lahaye, Th.; Rodde, S.; Marchal, C.; Lefaure, Ch.; Bouk' il, H.; Gneiting, M.; Auboiroux, B.; Riedel, A.; Feuardent, J.; Scanff, P.; Bof, M.; Lochard, J.; Godet, J.L.

2011-07-01

This document gathers the slides of the available presentations given during these conference days. Twenty-three presentations out of 25 are assembled in the document and deal with: 1 - the evolution of workers' international protection rules against ionizing radiation risks (C. Bardelay); 2 - presentation of the report of the working group on radiation protection (P. Barbey); 3 - position of the French nuclear safety authority and of the labor general direction about the position of permanent expert groups in radiation protection concerning the expected evolutions in the occupation and training of radioprotection skilled persons (RSP), (T. Lahaye); 4 - experience feedback: RSP in surgery operating theater - a sometimes delicate intervention (S. Balduyck); 5 - workplace analysis in dental surgery: constraints and specificities (D. Le Denmat); 6 - workplace analysis: tritium atmospheric contamination (S. Rigaud); 7 - revision of the NFC 15-160 standard relative to radiology facilities (J.L. Rehel); 8 - example of area tele-dosimetry usage - the Pitie Salpetriere hospital experiment (C. Chatellier and C. Barret); 9 - contribution of radio-attenuation lead gloves in interventional radiology (J. Guersen); 10 - zoning in the medical domain: encountered problems typology and evaluation of possible solutions (Degrange, J.P.); 11 - management of used sealed sources distributed by the CEA and CISBIO (B. Sevestre); 12 - how to perform a measurement in radiation protection - how about measurement uncertainty (M. Ammerich); 13 - national campaign of control about the application of workers radiation protection rules (T. Lahaye); 14 - transparency and inspection approach in local nuclear applications: gamma-graphy, research, nuclear medicine, interventional radiography and radiotherapy (S. Rodde and C. Marchal); 15 - local/regional networks of RSPs and radiation protection actors: 2008 audit results and recent evolutions (C. Lefaure); 16 - role and missions of the external

Partie 2 Conditions générales de l'accord de subvention

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

audit caractère confidentiel. b) Aucune personne ... recherche seront aiguillés vers les services d'assistance compétents et recevront les soins correspondant aux ... Le bénéficiaire doit souscrire une police d'assurance suffisante pour couvrir ...

Les mesures de gel et de confiscation en vertu de la Loi sur les embargos

OpenAIRE

Schnyder, Nicolas

2009-01-01

Etude du mécanisme d'adoption des mesures de gel et de confiscation en vertu de la Loi sur les embargos et leurs conséquences tant sur la personne principalement touchée par ces mesures que sur les tiers.

Prévention du crime grâce aux pratiques communautaires au ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Selon les chiffres compilés par la police et l'ombudsman des droits de la personne, ... L'Association internationale de ressources en eau (IWRA), en étroite ... un accord de coopération scientifique et technologique en appui aux projets de ...

Endiguer la vague de criminalité en Haïti | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

être victimes d'une agression physique. De plus, les personnes qui vivent dans ces endroits densément peuplés se plaignent des écarts de conduite de plus en plus fréquents des policiers, notamment les demandes de ...

Uruguay : tous les projets | Page 4 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... et les relations interagissant dans la diffusion, la production et l'utilisation de ... et de la communication (TIC) a élargi l'horizon des personnes handicapées, qui ... vieillissement de la population et protection sociale en Amérique latine. Projet.

Colombie : tous les projets | Page 6 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Tant les écrits en sciences sociales que les responsables des politiques ont ... et les relations interagissant dans la diffusion, la production et l'utilisation de ... et de la communication (TIC) a élargi l'horizon des personnes handicapées, qui ...

Chili : tous les projets | Page 5 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... et les relations interagissant dans la diffusion, la production et l'utilisation de ... et de la communication (TIC) a élargi l'horizon des personnes handicapées, qui ... vieillissement de la population et protection sociale en Amérique latine. Projet.

The health physics system at the Bonn 2.3 GeV electron synchrotron with the ELSA storage ring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doeing, R.; Giese, R.; Husmann, D.; Ewen, K.

1992-01-01

The health physics system installed and operated for providing radiological safety to the personnal consists of an interlock system monitoring access to the controlled areas, alarm and signaling systems, and a radiation measuring equipment for the controlled and monitored areas. (DG) [de

Work in progress — rural Pondicherry's wireless internet | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

The system may have moved data at less than a tenth of the speed of current dialup modems in North ... Enabling social change ... Plus de 300 personnes, principalement de jeunes entrepreneures, ont assisté au forum « Think Big: Women in ...

Les dyslipidemies et antiretroviraux chez les personnes vivant avec ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hypercholestérolémie, l'hyper LDL-cholestérolémie, l'hypo HDLcholestérolémie ont été retrouvées respectivement chez 41,4%, 23,5% et 17,4% des patients. La différence n'est pas significative entre les fréquences des troubles lipidiques chez les ...

LA LIBRE CIRCULATION DES PERSONNES DANS LE CONTEXTE COMMUNAUTAIRE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gina Livioara GOGA

2007-09-01

Full Text Available The harmonisation of the national legislation with the communitarian one, being an essential component in the process of Romania ’s integration in the European Union, imposed an approach of the new principles and rules even in the communitarian area. New regulations concerning the exertion of the right of free circulation and residence within the territory of Member States by EU citizens and members of their families, the right of permanent residence within the territory of Member States by EU citizens and members of their families, and the limits set for the above rights for reasons of public order, public safety or public health.

CONSIDERATIONS JURIDIQUES ET FISCALES RELATIVES A LA PERSONNE AUTORISEE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mihaela- Alexandra Grama

2014-11-01

Full Text Available In a country with low purchasing power and a large number of taxes, a taxpayer wishing to start a business must know and apply the law that fits. Understanding taxation area helps investors, especially those who are at the beginning, to measure and maximize potential gains, taking advantage of the solutions that the state provides. Given the regulations in force I will present the conditions under which a taxpayer can be registered as a PFA. To better understand the concept of an authorized person we must first start from the notion of a professional. This paper aims to analyze the authorized person, based on a parallel between the notion of "trader" and "professional", continuing with the conditions to set up a PFA, the affectation heritage and the contributions due from it. In short, I will be analyzing a PFA from both legal and tax perspective.

The local-regional networks of radiation protection experts: a necessary tool to strengthen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barbey, P.; Boirie, G.; Barret, Ch.; Barrey, N.

2008-01-01

After having recalled the evolution of the legal framework concerning radioprotection and the origin, role and training of the radiation protection experts (PCR in French for Personne Competente en Radioprotection), the author describes the difficulties faced by a PCR on a daily basis. Then, he outlines the interest of a development of local-regional networks between these professionals to promote information transmission and exchange, knowledge updating and so on, and even also to break the isolation of the PCR. He indicates the main objectives of these networks and evokes perspectives, notably after the professional meetings which have been and still are organized twice a year. Two additional and short papers briefly describe the life of one of these networks (the APCRAP, Association des personnes competentes en radioprotection de l'Assistance Publique, association of radiation protection experts belonging to public care services) and briefly present the objectives of the south-western network

Source Water Protection Contaminant Sources

Data.gov (United States)

Iowa State University GIS Support and Research Facility — Simplified aggregation of potential contaminant sources used for Source Water Assessment and Protection. The data is derived from IDNR, IDALS, and US EPA program...

A modified index for monitoring of radiation protection programmes with special reference to Nuclear Medicine Institute

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gupta, M.M.; Nagaratnam, A.

1988-01-01

In India, the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences was established with the main objective of developing radioisotopic methodologies for diagnosis, therapy, biomedical research and training. The steady progress in India's atomic energy program gave impetus to rapid growth in the application of nuclear medicine techniques at the Institute and now it is one of the largest users of unsealed radiation sources in the country. Right from the beginning adequate attention has been devoted to the radiation safety of the staff and personnel management techniques have been successfully employed to assess performance of the radiation protection staff. A significant positive correlation (p 0.02) between performance and job satisfaction of radiation protection personnel of the Institute has been demonstrated. Efforts are also directed to evolve a parameter that may throw light on the effectiveness of radiation protection staff and subsequently that may be helpful to monitor the radiation protection program of other establishments

Training of instructors on nuclear safety in Asian Countries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ikuta, Yuko; Shitomi, Hajimu; Saeki, Masakatsu

2002-01-01

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI)is conducting the international cooperation's of training of the foreign instructors and sending the Japanese teacher to the countries of Indonesia, Thailand (both from 1996) and Vietnam (2000). The training is performed in the JAERI for the future instructors of the concerned country for the period of essentially 2 months and is mainly on nuclear safety principles and safety handling of unsealed radioactive sources. Until 2001, 22 instructors from those countries have been trained in 142 courses. The sent Japanese teacher together with the trained instructor conduct the education of mainly radiation protection and measurement for personnel in ETC of BATAN (Education and Training Center, Indonesia atomic energy agency), radiation protection and atomic energy technology/application in OAEP (Office of Atomic Energy for Peace, Thailand) and the same subjects as BATAN in VAEC (Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission). Instruments for radiation measurement are essentially from Japan. This JAERI international cooperation will be open to other Asian countries. (K.H.)

Nuclear medicine. In vivo diagnosis, PET not included

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Herain, C.; Machacek, C.; Menechal, P.; Aubert, B.; Rehel, J.L.; Vidal, J.P.; Biau, A.; Barbe, R.; Lahaye, T.; Gauron, C.; Barret, C.; Donnarieix, D.; Gambini, D.; Gondran, C.; Guerin, C.; Marande, J.L.; Mercier, J.; Paycha, F.; Pierrat, N.

2011-12-01

This document deals with radiation protection measures and practices in the medical sector, more particularly when performing in vivo diagnosis in nuclear medicine. It indicates the concerned personnel, the procedure process, the associated hazards and the risks related to ionizing radiation (for sealed and unsealed sources). It describes how risk is to be assessed and exposure levels are to be determined (elements of risk assessment, delimitation of controlled and monitored areas, personnel classification). It presents the different aspects of a risk management strategy (risk reduction, technical measures for the premises, the installation, radioactive wastes, and for radioactive effluents, protection measures and equipment, training and information, prevention, treatment of incidents and dysfunctions). It describes the various aspects of medical monitoring (personnel, pregnant and breast feeding women, medical and post-occupational file, processing of anomalies and incidents). It presents how risk management is to be assessed, and briefly evokes other related risks. An appendix presents an example of a workstation study in case of nuclear medicine

Training of instructors on nuclear safety in Asian Countries

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ikuta, Yuko; Shitomi, Hajimu; Saeki, Masakatsu [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan). Nuclear Technology and Education Center

2002-11-01

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI)is conducting the international cooperation's of training of the foreign instructors and sending the Japanese teacher to the countries of Indonesia, Thailand (both from 1996) and Vietnam (2000). The training is performed in the JAERI for the future instructors of the concerned country for the period of essentially 2 months and is mainly on nuclear safety principles and safety handling of unsealed radioactive sources. Until 2001, 22 instructors from those countries have been trained in 142 courses. The sent Japanese teacher together with the trained instructor conduct the education of mainly radiation protection and measurement for personnel in ETC of BATAN (Education and Training Center, Indonesia atomic energy agency), radiation protection and atomic energy technology/application in OAEP (Office of Atomic Energy for Peace, Thailand) and the same subjects as BATAN in VAEC (Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission). Instruments for radiation measurement are essentially from Japan. This JAERI international cooperation will be open to other Asian countries. (K.H.)

Inconsistency... or why differentiate, where prevention is concerned, between radioactive substances and carcinogenic chemicals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choquet, R.; Vinit, J.

1982-01-01

Radiotracers, low-activity unsealed radioactive sources, and certain chemical products belong to the list of substances and agents known to promote cancers in humans. The dangers of radiotracers and carcinogenic chemicals being very similar, or even identical, it is inadmissible that preventive measures have not been equally developed and are not viewed in the same way in our country. It should be noted that the International Labour Bureau has long since included radioactive products in the list of carcinogenic substances and agents and treated preventive measures as a whole by proceeding in this way it would be easier to account for the possible combined effects of ionising radiations and chemical molecules. After a review of some facts about cancer the present situation is examined with regard to statutory measures applied on the one hand to radioelements and on the other to chemicals recognised as carcinogenic by international organisations. Proposals are made to remedy this illogical situation [fr

Measurements of airborne short-lived radioactivity concentration in a PET facility at a national University hospital

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saito, Tadashi

2006-01-01

National universities in Japan became under regulation of Industrial Safety and Health Law since 2004FY. One of the legal obligations is working environment measurements such as airborne radioactivity concentration in the rooms where employees handle unsealed radiation sources. Both in 2004FY and in 2005FY, measurements of airborne radioactivity concentration were carried out by two different agencies. The most prominent difference among them is the measurement for short-lived PET nuclides. In 2004FY, one agency measured the radioactivity with a Ge spectrometer at its own laboratory, whereas, in 2005FY, the other agency brought a NaI scintillation counter for gross gamma counting to the Hospital. It can be shown that detection limits for short-lived PET nuclides are in principle almost the same in both methods. It is also found that, in the actual case, gamma spectrometry with a Ge spectrometer is superior in judgement of detection of the radioactivity. (author)

Americium-241 - ED 4308

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammerich, M.; Frot, P.; Gambini, D.; Gauron, C.; Moureaux, P.; Herbelet, G.; Lahaye, T.; Le Guen, B.; Pihet, P.; Rannou, A.; Vidal, E.

2012-12-01

This sheet presents the characteristics of Americium-241, its origin, and its radio-physical and biological properties. It briefly describes its use in nuclear medicine. It indicates its dosimetric parameters for external exposure, cutaneous contamination, and internal exposure due to acute contamination or to chronic contamination. It indicates and comments the various exposure control techniques: ambient dose rate measurement, surface contamination measurement, atmosphere contamination. It addresses the means of protection: premise design, protection against external exposure and against internal exposure. It describes how areas are delimited and controlled within the premises: regulatory areas, controls to be performed. It addresses the personnel classification, training and medical survey. It addresses the issue of wastes and effluents. It briefly recalls the administrative procedures related to the authorization and declaration of possession and use of sealed and unsealed sources. It indicates regulatory aspects related to the road transport of Americium-241, describes what is to be done in case of incident or accident (for the different types of contamination or exposure)

Strontium-90 - ED 4309

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammerich, M.; Frot, P.; Gambini, D.; Gauron, C.; Moureaux, P.; Herbelet, G.; Lahaye, T.; Le Guen, B.; Pihet, P.; Rannou, A.; Vidal, E.

2012-12-01

This sheet presents the characteristics of strontium-90, its origin, and its radio-physical and biological properties. It briefly describes its use in nuclear medicine. It indicates its dosimetric parameters for external exposure, cutaneous contamination, and internal exposure due to acute contamination or to chronic contamination. It indicates and comments the various exposure control techniques: ambient dose rate measurement, surface contamination measurement, atmosphere contamination. It addresses the means of protection: premise design, protection against external exposure and against internal exposure. It describes how areas are delimited and controlled within the premises: regulatory areas, controls to be performed. It addresses the personnel classification, training and medical survey. It addresses the issue of wastes and effluents. It briefly recalls the administrative procedures related to the authorization and declaration of possession and use of sealed and unsealed sources. It indicates regulatory aspects related to the transport of strontium-90, describes what is to be done in case of incident or accident (for the different types of contamination or exposure)

Control of the surface radioactive contamination in the field of biological research; Control de la contaminacion radiactiva superficial en el ambito de la investigacion biologica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Calvo, S.; Encina, A. de la; Gaspar, J.; Macias, M. T.; Sanchez, A.; Usera, F.

2012-11-01

The manipulation of unsealed sources in biomedical research involves significant risk of radioactive contamination. the aim of this study has been to analyze the radioactive contamination occurring in the field of biomedical research, assessing its magnitude, identifying the equipment that can be contaminated with higher probability and monitoring the evolution of the contaminations production taking into account the radioisotopes and the activities uses, and the radiation protection control applied. The data used for this study correspond to a very lengthy period of time and it have been collected in the radioactive facility, of the Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CSIC), a very large biological research centre that can be used perfectly as a reference for this area. The results obtained show a gradual and significant decrease in the incidence of the radioactive contamination. This is due to the optimization of radiation protection standards applied and the implementation or a systematic operational radiation protection program. (Author) 13 refs.

Control of the surface radioactive contamination in the field of biological research

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Calvo, S.; Encina, A. de la; Gaspar, J.; Macias, M. T.; Sanchez, A.; Usera, F.

2012-01-01

The manipulation of unsealed sources in biomedical research involves significant risk of radioactive contamination. the aim of this study has been to analyze the radioactive contamination occurring in the field of biomedical research, assessing its magnitude, identifying the equipment that can be contaminated with higher probability and monitoring the evolution of the contaminations production taking into account the radioisotopes and the activities uses, and the radiation protection control applied. The data used for this study correspond to a very lengthy period of time and it have been collected in the radioactive facility, of the Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CSIC), a very large biological research centre that can be used perfectly as a reference for this area. The results obtained show a gradual and significant decrease in the incidence of the radioactive contamination. This is due to the optimization of radiation protection standards applied and the implementation or a systematic operational radiation protection program. (Author) 13 refs.

Radioactive waste management - a general and specific task of national and international importance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slavchev, A.

2008-01-01

Planning of a durable sustainable development requires balance between economic interests, social consequences and preservation and reproduction of the environment and human potential. For the profound investigation of the ecological problems it is particularly important to run alongside the analysis of the population health status and the growing emphasis on effective measures to be undertaken to solve them on a long-term basis in order to restrict and reduce the potential risk. One special task in this field concerns the radioactive waste in medicine, especially the unsealed radioactive sources for diagnostics and metabolic therapy and those handling after use. In the scope of the European legislature and the respective Bulgarian laws the radioactive waste is subject of severe requirements and special monitoring and control. The present paper describes the situation in the country linked to the organization of the RAW storage, processing and discharging including the prerequisites, the risks factors, the technological solutions and the potentialities for realization as well as the concerned responsible bodies. (author)

Internal contamination in nurses attending patients, that received therapeutic amounts of radioiodine-131

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Termorshuizen, W.; Gerritsen, A.J.M.

1988-01-01

The most frequent and often very successful used unsealed source in Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy is the radioiodine-131 for the treatment of thyroid carcinoma and hyperthyroidism. Always there is a great concern about the health physics of radioiodine and possible internal contamination involved in high level 131-I thyroid therapy cases, in particular to the thyroid as target and limiting organ. This report deals with 131-I air concentrations and internal contamination in nurses attending these patients under two different conditions. During the past three years a change took place from the old building, where we had an unventilated two-bed nursing room, to a new building were we have rooms with forced ventilation and air-conditioning (refreshment five times per hour). From both external exposure caused by radioiodine treated patients and internal contamination due to ingestion and inhalation of 131-I, we calculated the dose-equivalent to the thyroid and the effective dose-equivalent to our health care personnel

The Application and Regulation of Non-Medical radioactive Substances in Taiwan, China

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, Chihchien; Chou, Keiden; Wang, Songfeng

1998-01-01

Based on the Atomic Energy Law of Taiwan and regulations regarding radiation protection, an operating system has been established for the approval and regulation of import (production), installation, licensing, safety inspection, record keeping, storage, transfer, transportation and abandonment of nonmedical radioactive materials and equipment capable of producing ionizing radiation. In order to ensure that all equipment capable of producing ionizing radiation can meet the respective standard of radiation protection in accordance with the ALARA principle, nonmedical equipment capable of producing ionizing radiation is divided into six categories depending on its inherent shielding ability, operation limit, characteristics of the radiation and the required degree of surveillance for achieving the purpose of radiation protection. The six categories are: 1. Protective equipment, 2. Immobile closed equipment, 3. Automatic operating equipment, 4. Mobile equipment, 5. Unsealed radioactive substances, 6. Consumer products and other radioactive sources with different properties. Each category has its specific requirements in radiation protection. (author)

The ICRP 86: prevention of accidental exposure among patients receiving a radiotherapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-01-01

The international commission radiological protection (ICRP) has been created in 1928 at the demand of radiologist physicians. It publishes the recommendations concerning the whole of situations at which man confronts when he is submitted to ionizing radiations from natural or artificial origin. this publication is devoted to give a guidance contribution in the prevention of accidental exposures implying patients suffering a treatment by external radiotherapy or by brachytherapy. It does not treat directly the therapies using unsealed sources. It speaks to professional readership implied in radiotherapy procedures, to hospital managers, public Health Authorities and regulation organisms. The chosen approach is the description of exemplary severe accidents, the examination of causes of these events and contributory factors, the summary of their disastrous consequences and the proposition of recommendations for their prevention. The measures proposed include institutional dispositions, personnel training, quality assurance programmes, follow up adequacy, clear definition of liability and celerity of events report. (N.C.)

Planning for innovation: improving organizational performance = Planeación para la innovación: mejorando el desempeño organizacional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Zarate Torres

2011-08-01

Ce document se base sur la théorie cognitive sociale qui, selon Bandura (1986, « favorise une conception de l’interaction basée sur la réciprocité triadique. » Pour Bandura le triadique désigne le comportement, les facteurs personnels, et les influences de l’environnement. Ces trois facteurs interagissent les uns aux autres et déterminent les façons dont les personnes se comportent. Cette théorie amène les organisations à créer un environnement propice et aide les employés dans leurs comportements personnels. Ces derniers devront se comporter de la façon dont les organisations le souhaitent pour atteindre les objectifs désirés et améliorer ainsi le rendement de l’entreprise. Ce document présente quatre composantes pour créer un environnement propice, y compris les moyens d’aider les employés dans leurs relations interpersonnelles et leurs comportements. Toutes les composantes sont encadrées par différentes théories et mises en commun pour améliorer la performance organisationnelle. Ce peut être une nouvelle organisation ou un organisme plus ancien mais, lorsque les responsables créent un environnement propice, les personnes peuvent accomplir efficacement leurs taches. Les nouvelles organisations ont la grande opportunité de bien commencer dès le départ en créant un environnement favorable permettant aux personnes d’être rapidement innovantes.

Contribution des hôpitaux de jour en psychiatrie dans le champ contemporain de la santé mentale au Québec

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marie-Laurence Poirel

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Actuellement au Québec, les hôpitaux de jour en psychiatrie sont des milieux de jour offrant un programme thérapeutique intensif de courte durée, principalement dans un contexte d'activités de groupe. Alors que les hôpitaux de jour sont des acteurs qui font partie intégrante du système de soins en santé mentale depuis plusieurs décennies, la question de leur rôle et de leur contribution spécifique dans le champ des approches et des pratiques de traitement et pour les personnes qu'ils rejoignent est rarement posée. Cet article s'articule autour de l'hypothèse selon laquelle les repères et les cadres actuellement dominants dans le champ de la psychiatrie et de la santé mentale permettent mal de dégager et de prendre en compte certains des paramètres dont il faut tenir compte pour parvenir à préciser et à situer le rôle et la contribution des hôpitaux de jour, dans le système de soin comme pour les personnes auxquelles ces milieux de pratique s'adressent. À partir des résultats préliminaires d'une étude exploratoire poursuivie dans quatre hôpitaux de jour où différents acteurs ont été rencontrés lors d'entrevues (personnes utilisatrices, intervenants, gestionnaires, cet article propose de dégager quelques pistes d'analyse et de réflexion.

Les tribunaux, et non pas les liens de parenté, offrent de meilleures ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

29 janv. 2018 ... Les recherches menées au Bangladesh et en Inde ont révélé que les femmes et les personnes provenant de populations marginalisées ont besoin de tribunaux qui fonctionnent bien pour exploiter leur plein potentiel.

Plus vieux, plus pauvres ? Comment le partage intergénérationnel ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

agit de plus en plus de soutenir la consommation de vastes groupes de personnes âgées. Le Chili illustre bien la façon dont les changements de la structure par âge et des politiques efficaces peuvent produire de meilleurs ...

Étudiants en écosanté – Bourses aux nouveaux chercheurs visant à ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

10 mai 2011 ... Aborder les enjeux importants de l'environnement et de la santé de la population par une approche écosanté est une vision commune partagée par quatre personnes des régions extrêmement différentes du monde.

Zimbabwe's Exodus: Crisis, Migration, Survival | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 juil. 2010 ... Un tableau complet et convaincant du grand exode. Par-delà le désarroi de l'exil et du retour, nous pouvons entrevoir des personnes extraordinaires derrière les statistiques. Robin Cohen, International Migration Institute, Université d'Oxford.

Extrême-Orient | Page 81 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Read more about Post Tsunami Reconstruction in the Context of War. Langue English. Read more about Cross-Border Movements, Female Migration and Human Rights : a Postcolonial Evaluation. Langue English. Read more about Mouvements transfrontaliers, migration des femmes et droits de la personne - une ...

Central Asia | Page 75 | IDRC - International Development Research ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Read more about Post Tsunami Reconstruction in the Context of War. Language English. Read more about Cross-Border Movements, Female Migration and Human Rights : a Postcolonial Evaluation. Language English. Read more about Mouvements transfrontaliers, migration des femmes et droits de la personne - une ...

Probability of inadvertent operation of electrical components in harsh environments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Knoll, A.

1989-01-01

Harsh environment, which means humidity and high temperature, may and will affect unsealed electrical components by causing leakage ground currents in ungrounded direct current systems. The concern in a nuclear power plant is that such harsh environment conditions could cause inadvertent operation of normally deenergized components, which may have a safety-related isolation function. Harsh environment is a common cause failure, and one way to approach the problem is to assume that all the unsealed electrical components will simultaneously and inadvertently energize as a result of the environmental common cause failure. This assumption is unrealistically conservative. Test results indicated that insulating resistences of any terminal block in harsh environments have a random distribution in the range of 1 to 270 kΩ, with a mean value ∼59 kΩ. The objective of this paper is to evaluate a realistic conditional failure probability for inadvertent operation of electrical components in harsh environments. This value will be used thereafter in probabilistic safety evaluations of harsh environment events and will replace both the overconservative common cause probability of 1 and the random failure probability used for mild environments

Radiation protection measures for the handling of unsealed radioactive materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moehrle, G.

1975-03-01

The radiation protective medical measures are described which are required after contamination by radioactive materials or their incorporation. In the case of skin contamination, penetration by diffusion is explained and the maximum permissible value with regard to the various types of radiation is given. A detailed description of the decontamination measures including the necessary equipment follows. Indications for the treatment of injuries are given. In addition, incorporation due to inhalation, ingestion with intake through the skin are described, direct and indirect incorporation detection are explained, and the therapeutical possibilities and measures are gone into. (ORU/LH) [de

Questions et réponses sur la GDE | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

accentuent elles ? La région du Moyen-Orient et de l'Afrique du Nord (MOAN) est la région la plus pauvre en eau dans le monde. Les ressources d'eau renouvelables per capita sont actuellement de 1100 m3 par personne par ...

Depuis les résultats obtenus sur le terrain jusqu'à l'amélioration ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Au cours des dernières années, le contexte politique et économique dans lequel ... accru de la part de leur personnel et le recrutement de personnes possédant de ... de susciter des changements sociaux positifs de manière plus stratégique.

Renforcer la résilience grâce à des mesures de lutte contre les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

ethnicité, le statut socioéconomique, l'âge et la capacité physique ont une incidence sur la façon dont les personnes ressentent les effets des changements climatiques et s'adaptent à leurs répercussions. Bien que les femmes, les ...

12 Mwepu 03.pmd

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Owner

23 juil. 2008 ... Une lecture attentive de l'œuvre d'Henri Lopes conduirait maints lecteurs .... kou qui estime que « les femmes ne doivent jamais faire des .... d'ordinaire personne ne s'attarde parce qu'ils semblent « naturels » et aller de soi ».

Diversité floristique et déterminants de l'enherbement des ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

2 sept. 2013 ... personnes directement employées dans le secteur de la banane, qu'il ... bananeraies regroupées en trois sites (Site 40 à Songon-. Agban, Site 66: à .... contribution floristique est évaluée suivant la loi de Daget et Poissonnet ...

Les femmes, un effectif sur qui il faut compter | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

30 juil. 2015 ... L'emploi peut transformer la vie d'une personne et une société tout entière. ... leur revenu potentiel et améliorer la distribution des ressources dans les familles. ... où les salaires sont faibles et les protections sociales minimes.

Mutations du gène d'apoprotéine B100 au cours des dyslipidémies ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2 Centre de Diagnostic et de Recherche sur le SIDA et les autres Maladies Infectieuses, CHU ... d'Apolipoprotéine B100 chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH (PV-VIH) présentant une dyslipidémie. .... d'ions par la technique du kit Qiagen®.

Bangladesh : tous les projets | Page 6 | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Sujet: TOBACCO, TOBACCO INDUSTRY, CROP DIVERSIFICATION. Région: Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, India, Lebanon, Malawi, Viet Nam ... Mouvements transfrontaliers, migration des femmes et droits de la personne - une évaluation postcoloniale. Projet. Jusqu'à récemment, les femmes ont été exclues des analyses ...

Evaluation of radiation protection in the use of radioactive tracers in the oil industry; Avaliação da proteção radiológica no uso de traçadores radioativos na indústria de petróleo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, F.L.; Silva, F.C.A. da, E-mail: dasilva@ird.gov.br [Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2017-07-01

Radioactive tracers have been widely used in the industry to optimize processes, improve product quality, save energy and reduce pollution. The petroleum industry uses sources for radioactive tracers in solid, liquid and gaseous forms to investigate or track the movement of other materials into pipes of inaccessible lines, such as, {sup 3}H, {sup 82}Br, {sup 131}I, {sup 85}Kr, {sup 41}Ar, {sup 14}C, {sup 24}Na, {sup 192}Ir , etc. The work presents the application of radioactive tracers in the area of oil and gas industry and carries out an evaluation of the radiological risk, the doses of radiation, the specific radiological protection procedures, safety and radiological emergency to be followed. It was observed that radiological risks in the use of radioactive tracers involve three aspects: external dose, external contamination and internal contamination. Most of the time the risk of radiation related to the external dose is very low because unsealed radioactive sources have low activity and exposure times are very low during handling. External and internal contaminations appear due to the use of open sources that allow direct contact and even inhalation or ingestion of radioactive material. It was identified that there is no specific Brazilian regulation for radiation protection in radioactive tracers, and the recommendations of the International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA should be used.

Cours sécurité

CERN Multimedia

2011-01-01

« Sécurité de travail avec laser » Session le 13 mai 2011, de 14h. à 18h. (en français) À qui s’adresse ce cours ? Ce cours s’adresse aux personnes travaillant avec des produits laser de classe 3B ou 4. Ce cours est recommandé aux personnes travaillant avec des produits laser de classe 3R, ou des lasers à faisceau divergent ou collimaté de classe 1M ou 2M. Quel est le contenu du cours ? Après un rappel des principales caractéristiques des différents types de lasers, l'accent sera mis sur les conditions de travail et les précautions à prendre : Risques associés aux faisceaux laser : Danger de la lumière cohérente - Risques pour les yeux - Exposition maximale permise pour l'œil - Risque thermique pour les tissus biologiques - Autres effets du faisceau laser sur le milieu biologique ...

Bowls Club

CERN Multimedia

Club de Pétanque

2014-01-01

Bowls Club   Par une belle fin de journée ensoleillée se déroulait le deuxième concours de la saison, le Challenge de notre ami "Patrick DURAND" qui a été membre du club et œuvré pour le celui-ci pendant  près de vingt ans. Un bel hommage lui était rendu par la présence de quarante personnes. Trente deux personnes ont participé au concours, soit seize doublettes. Des parties très disputées : quatre participants ont gagné les trois parties et ont dû être départagés par le goal average. Notre juge arbitre et  trésorier, Claude JOUVE,  proclamait vainqueur un habitué des podiums : Bernard GOICOECHEA qui  tenait  particulièrement à cœur de gagner ce challenge. Le deuxième ...

Large source test stand for H-(D-) ion source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Larson, R.; McKenzie-Wilson, R.

1981-01-01

The Brookhaven National Laboratory Neutral Beam Group has constructed a large source test stand for testing of the various source modules under development. The first objective of the BNL program is to develop a source module capable of delivering 10A of H - (D - ) at 25 kV operating in the steady state mode with satisfactory gas and power efficiency. The large source test stand contains gas supply and vacuum pumping systems, source cooling systems, magnet power supplies and magnet cooling systems, two arc power supplies rated at 25 kW and 50 kW, a large battery driven power supply and an extractor electrode power supply. Figure 1 is a front view of the vacuum vessel showing the control racks with the 36'' vacuum valves and refrigerated baffles mounted behind. Figure 2 shows the rear view of the vessel with a BNL Mk V magnetron source mounted in the source aperture and also shows the cooled magnet coils. Currently two types of sources are under test: a large magnetron source and a hollow cathode discharge source

Radiological protection of the worker in medicine and dentistry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1990-01-01

The first three sections of this report concern general understanding of radiation protection, basic concepts for all workers, and practical problems common to all users of radiation in medicine and dentistry. The remaining sections cover specialist topics covering practical aspects in diagnostic radiology, dental radiography, the use of unsealed radionuclides (in the laboratory, diagnostic and therapeutic uses) balneotherapy, brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy. (author).

Radiological protection of the worker in medicine and dentistry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1990-01-01

The first three sections of this report concern general understanding of radiation protection, basic concepts for all workers, and practical problems common to all users of radiation in medicine and dentistry. The remaining sections cover specialist topics covering practical aspects in diagnostic radiology, dental radiography, the use of unsealed radionuclides (in the laboratory, diagnostic and therapeutic uses) balneotherapy, brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy. (author)

Radiation protection in nuclear medicine: fundamentals and methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaul, A.; Roedler, H.D.; Freie Univ. Berlin

1976-01-01

Consequences for the protection of patients, protection of persons, and protection of the public are derived from the recommendations of the ICRP and the legal requirements for the handling of unsealed radioactive substances in diagnostics and therapy according to the First Radiation Protection Ordinance and its amended version, as well as from the 'guidelines for radiation protection when using radioactive substances in medicine'. (orig./LN) [de

Radioactive source recovery program responses to neutron source emergencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dinehart, S.M.; Hatler, V.A.; Gray, D.W.; Guillen, A.D.

1997-01-01

Recovery of neutron sources containing Pu 239 and Be is currently taking place at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The program was initiated in 1979 by the Department of Energy (DOE) to dismantle and recover sources owned primarily by universities and the Department of Defense. Since the inception of this program, Los Alamos has dismantled and recovered more than 1000 sources. The dismantlement and recovery process involves the removal of source cladding and the chemical separation of the source materials to eliminate neutron emissions. While this program continues for the disposal of 239 Pu/Be sources, there is currently no avenue for the disposition of any sources other than those containing Pu 239 . Increasingly, there have been demands from agencies both inside and outside the Federal Government and from the public to dispose of unwanted sources containing 238 Pu/Be and 241 Am/Be. DOE is attempting to establish a formal program to recover these sources and is working closely with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on a proposed Memorandum of Understanding to formalize an Acceptance Program. In the absence of a formal program to handle 238 Pu/Be and 241 Am/Be neutron sources, Los Alamos has responded to several emergency requests to receive and recover sources that have been determined to be a threat to public health and safety. This presentation will: (1) review the established 239 Pu neutron source recovery program at Los Alamos, (2) detail plans for a more extensive neutron source disposal program, and (3) focus on recent emergency responses

Evaluation of low-level solid radioactive waste generated by a large hospital and disposed of with ordinary refuse

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conte, L.; Pedroli, G.; Monciardini, M.; Bianchi, L.; Novario, R.; Beretta, A.

1996-01-01

In the Lombardy region some hospitals have recently been reported to the local authorities because of the presence of radioactivity in hospital refuse sent to the municipal tips for incineration. On various occasions the refuse collectors coming from the hospitals had to return with their refuse as traces of radioactivity were detected at the entrance to the tips equipped with monitoring systems. Hospitals administering radioactive substances for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes produce radioactive waste mainly in solid and liquid form. This waste is principally present in patient excreta and in contaminated materials. Radioactive waste present in patient excreta is normally disposed of through the sewage system provided that the concentration limits and annual activity stipulated by law are respected. The contaminated materials coming from the departments that carry out radioisotopic investigations and therapy with unsealed sources can be collected separately and sent to a tip after a period of storage to permit radioactive decay. However, part of the radioactive waste escapes all checks and inevitably mixes with normal refuse or with special hospital refuse that is not considered radioactive. This occurs in the case of: 1. excreta from patients who are not hospitalised after a radioisotopic investigation and materials contaminated by the excreta; 2. excreta from hospitalised patients which are eliminated outside the nuclear medicine and radiotherapy departments; 3. contaminated materials produced with unsealed sources in hospital departments other than those of nuclear medicine and radiotherapy; The waste indicated in point 1 is probably the main problem in ecological terms as the patients who are not hospitalised eliminate radioactive excreta into domestic sewage systems and can also contaminate materials that are disposed of with normal household refuse. In this case any solution to the problem would seriously affect diagnostic activities carried out in the

Le renouveau des contes du Lagle Naaba à la Télévision Nationale ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hond

2 juin 2007 ... extérieurs (films, jeux, sports, grands reportages, musique, etc.), en dépit de ... estimée à huit (8) millions de personnes qui, pour la majorité, continuent de garder ... peine d'attirer sur soi et sur les siens les pires calamités.

Prédiction de l'évolution spatio-temporelle du fer à l'exutoire d'un ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

croûte terrestre le fer joue un rôle important dans le .... que terrestre ; mais aussi de l′Océan. Atlantique au ..... écosystémique liés au transport des personnes et ... chimique des eaux de l'Oued. Khoumane (Moulay Idriss Zerhoun,. Maroc).

mexico : tous les projets | Page 5 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Droits en matière de sexualité et de reproduction, inégalités sociales et politique ... et les relations interagissant dans la diffusion, la production et l'utilisation de ... et de la communication (TIC) a élargi l'horizon des personnes handicapées, qui ...

Chile : tous les projets | Page 5 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Droits en matière de sexualité et de reproduction, inégalités sociales et politique ... et les relations interagissant dans la diffusion, la production et l'utilisation de ... et de la communication (TIC) a élargi l'horizon des personnes handicapées, qui ...

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International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Formation en TIC destinée aux personnes handicapées en Amérique latine ... des relations entre les bandes de jeunes et le crime organisé en Jamaïque. Projet. -. Migrations, sexospécificités et justice sociale : faire le pont entre recherche et ...

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Formation en TIC destinée aux personnes handicapées en Amérique latine ... des relations entre les bandes de jeunes et le crime organisé en Jamaïque. Projet. -. Migrations, sexospécificités et justice sociale : faire le pont entre recherche et ...

Améliorer la sécurité alimentaire en Amérique latine et dans les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

insécurité alimentaire touche, estime-t-on, 850 millions de personnes dans le monde. Tout porte à croire qu'il faut absolument réduire les inégalités entre les sexes et donner davantage de moyens d'agir aux femmes si l'on ...

Intelligence artificielle et développement humain

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

dans le cadre de campagnes sur les médias sociaux, les applications d'IA favorisent ..... réalisations pour le bien social, et d'entraîner des dommages significatifs sont ...... d'assurer le contrôle, d'influencer ou de gérer des personnes et des.

L'interdépendance entre les sous-systèmes conjugal et parental: une analyse personne-processus-contexte

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bigras Marc

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Dans le présent article nous étudions les mécanismes de transmission des difficultés socioaffectives entre les systèmes conjugal et parental sous l'effet d'une part de stress contextuels comme la pauvreté des familles et, d'autre part, des caractéristiques personnelles des membres de ces familles comme le sexe et l'âge de l'enfant. Un échantillon de couples avec ou sans enfant permet dans une première étude d'estimer l'impact de la présence de l'enfant sur le couple alors que deux autres études posent la question complémentaire de l'impact du couple sur l'enfant. Les résultats de ces études contribuent à démontrer l'interdépendance entre le couple et l'enfant alors que chaque membre de la famille peut-être une source d'influence sur les autres. Nous argumentons qu'une réponse aversive à des problèmes extrafamiliaux favorise des stress intrafamiliaux mais que cela se révèle surtout selon les caractéristiques des membres de la famille.

Livres | Page 27 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

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... en appuyant la recherche sur des questions essentielles de développement international. ... Dix ans de réforme : Politique scientifique et technologique en Chine ... Knowledge Shared : Participatory Evaluation in Development Cooperation ... Le droit au logement est un droit fondamental de la personne réaffirmé en juin ...

Prevalence of Escherichia coli virulence genes in patients with ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

boaz

Conclusion:ECD, en particulier E. colientero-aggregatif, pourrait être le plus redouté des agents responsables des diarrhées chez les personnes de tous âges au ... (DEC) is an important agent of endemic and epidemic diarrhoea worldwide [3]. ..... implies that improvementsin sanitary condit and water quality can beeffective ...

Il est temps que le Canada rende la justice accessible à tous | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

école ou qu'on exclut une personne d'un hôpital, les médias ne perdent pas de temps à exposer l'injustice. La privation de soins de santé ou de scolarisation est impensable pour la plupart des Canadiens; pourtant, l'accès à ...

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privé. Les régimes du monde entier ont connu des bouleversements négatifs au cours des dernières décennies : aujourd'hui, on compte près de deux milliards de personnes obèses ou présentant un surpoids, et les maladies non ...

Chine : tous les projets | Page 5 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

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Région: China, India, Central Asia, Far East Asia, South Asia, Indonesia. Programme: Économies en réseaux. Financement total : CA$ ... Ensuite, les 16 millions de Chinois ayant une déficience visuelle ne peuvent se servir des moteurs de recherche classiques. Finalement, seulement 163 millions de personnes utilisent ...

La santé en milieu urbain | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

13 déc. 2010 ... Les villes attirent des millions de personnes en quête d'une vie meilleure. ... possibilités, mais exposent aussi les habitants à de nouveaux dangers. .... ÉTUDE DE CAS — Népal : Améliorer l'hygiène et la santé à Katmandou.

Un organisme de surveillance presse la société civile de se mettre à ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

8 oct. 2010 ... Un organisme canadien de surveillance d'Internet, qui a récemment aidé à ... risquent aussi de mettre en danger les personnes et les collectivités qu'ils ... Cette étude fournit des preuves que la sécurité de l'information est un ...

Inventory and management of radioactive waste in Thailand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vonglertmongkol, S.

1994-01-01

The objectives of the study are to conceive the data based on the utilization of radiation and radioisotopes in Thailand and the inventory of radioactive waste arising from such utilization. The suggestions of the future radioactive waste management are also given as well. Data collection was done by mean of questionnaire and interviewing 245 radioisotope users in Thailand. The outcome can be summarized as follows:. Increase in the quantity of radioisotope in all sectors of the utilization was found, especially on the applications in nuclear medicine and industry. The amount of radioactive waste is increasing accordingly. The waste from unsealed radioisotopes increase 10.68 percent per year for liquid wastes and about 6.39 percent per year for solid waste. Most of these wastes are subjected to transfer for treatment by the Office of Atomic Energy for Peace (OAEP). The wastes from sealed radiation sources were packed in shielded containers. Most of these wastes would be shipped to the country of supply, but, some will be handled by OAEP. The accumulated wastes volume after treatment and conditioning, in the next 30 year will be around 220 cubic meter, excluding the wastes from the operation of nuclear research reactor, nuclear power plant, decommissioning, used sealed sources and the wastes from mining and milling of radioactive ores

Estimation of dose distribution in occupationally exposed individuals to FDG-{sup 18}F

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lacerda, Isabelle V. Batista de; Cabral, Manuela O. Monteiro; Vieira, Jose Wilson, E-mail: ilacerda.bolsista@cnen.gov.br, E-mail: manuela.omc@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (DEN/UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Departamento de Energia Nuclear; Oliveira, Mercia Liane de; Andrade Lima, Fernando R. de, E-mail: falima@cnen.gov.br [Centro Regional de Ciencias Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE/CNEN-PE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2014-07-01

The use of unsealed radiation sources in nuclear medicine can lead to important incorporation of radionuclides, especially for occupationally exposed individuals (OEIs) during production and handling of radiopharmaceuticals. In this study, computer simulation was proposed as an alternative methodology for evaluation of the absorbed dose distribution and for the effective dose value in OEIs. For this purpose, the Exposure Computational Model (ECM) which is named as FSUP (Female Adult Mesh - supine) were used. This ECM is composed of: voxel phantom FASH (Female Adult MeSH) in the supine position, the MC code EGSnrc and an algorithm simulator of general internal source. This algorithm was modified to adapt to specific needs of the positron emission from FDG-{sup 18}F. The obtained results are presented as absorbed dose/accumulated activity. To obtain the absorbed dose distribution it was necessary to use accumulative activity data from the in vivo bioassay. The absorbed dose distribution and the value of estimated effective dose in this study did not exceed the limits for occupational exposure. Therefore, the creation of a database with the distribution of accumulated activity is suggested in order to estimate the absorbed dose in radiosensitive organs and the effective dose for OEI in similar environment. (author)

Estimation of dose distribution in occupationally exposed individuals to FDG-18F

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lacerda, Isabelle V. Batista de; Cabral, Manuela O. Monteiro; Vieira, Jose Wilson

2014-01-01

The use of unsealed radiation sources in nuclear medicine can lead to important incorporation of radionuclides, especially for occupationally exposed individuals (OEIs) during production and handling of radiopharmaceuticals. In this study, computer simulation was proposed as an alternative methodology for evaluation of the absorbed dose distribution and for the effective dose value in OEIs. For this purpose, the Exposure Computational Model (ECM) which is named as FSUP (Female Adult Mesh - supine) were used. This ECM is composed of: voxel phantom FASH (Female Adult MeSH) in the supine position, the MC code EGSnrc and an algorithm simulator of general internal source. This algorithm was modified to adapt to specific needs of the positron emission from FDG- 18 F. The obtained results are presented as absorbed dose/accumulated activity. To obtain the absorbed dose distribution it was necessary to use accumulative activity data from the in vivo bioassay. The absorbed dose distribution and the value of estimated effective dose in this study did not exceed the limits for occupational exposure. Therefore, the creation of a database with the distribution of accumulated activity is suggested in order to estimate the absorbed dose in radiosensitive organs and the effective dose for OEI in similar environment. (author)

L’utilisation de l’approche CTC: quel impact sur la couverture vaccinale lors de la campagne préventive de vaccination contre la méningite A avec le MenAfriVac au Togo en 2014?

Science.gov (United States)

Landoh, Dadja Essoya; Kahn, Anna-Léa; Lacle, Anani; Adjeoda, Kodjovi; Saka, Bayaki; Yaya, Issifou; Nassoury, Danladi Ibrahim; Kalao, Assima; Makawa, Makawa-Sy; Biey, Nsiari-Mueyi Joseph; Bita, Andre; Toke, Yaovi Temfa; Dörte, Petit; Imboua, Lucile; Ronveaux, Olivier

2017-01-01

Introduction Une campagne de vaccination contre la méningite A avec le vaccin MenAfriVac a été organisée dans les quatre régions septentrionales du Togo du 28 novembre au 07 décembre 2014. L'approche CTC a été utilisée pour la première fois à une grande échelle pour la campagne de vaccination dans dix districts sanitaires du Togo. L'objectif de cette étude était d'estimer la couverture vaccinale et, de déterminer l'effet de l'utilisation de la Chaîne à Température Contrôlée (CTC) sur ces couvertures vaccinales. Méthodes L'enquête s'est déroulée du 9 au 14 mars 2015, soit environ 3 mois après la fin de la campagne de vaccination dans ces quatre régions. Le sondage en grappe à deux degrés stratifiés selon les régions a été utilisé. Dans 10 districts, le Togo a fait le choix d'utiliser le vaccin MenAfriVac en CTC. Résultats Au total, 2707 ménages ont été enquêtés et 9082 personnes âgées de 1 à 29 ans ont été interviewées. L'âge moyen des personnes enquêtées était de 11,8±7,7 ans et le sex-ratio (H/F) de 1,01. Le nombre moyen de personnes par ménage était de 5,7 et celui des personnes de 1 à 29 ans ciblées par la campagne était de 3,4. Sur les 9082 personnes enquêtées, 8889 (98%) étaient vaccinées. En analyse multivariée, les facteurs associés à la couverture vaccinale avec le MenAfrivac étaient la résidence dans la zone au moment de la campagne (aOR = 4,52 ; 95%IC = [4.07 - 4.97]) et le fait d'être informé de la campagne avant son démarrage (aOR=2,42 ; 95%IC = [2.05 - 2.80]). Par contre, la couverture vaccinale n'était pas différente selon la zone ayant utilisé l'approche CTC ou non (aOR=0,09 ; 95%IC = [-0,27-0,45]). Deux cent sept personnes interrogées (2,3%) ont déclaré avoir eu une Manifestation Adverse Post Immunisation (MAPI) après l'administration du vaccin. Il s'agissait surtout de MAPI mineures à type de fièvre, d'abcès et de gonflement au point d'injection. Conclusion Les r

Industrial ion sources broadbeam gridless ion source technology

CERN Document Server

Zhurin, Viacheslav V

2012-01-01

Due to the large number of uses of ion sources in academia and industry, those who utilize these sources need up to date and coherent information to keep themselves abreast of developments and options, and to chose ideal solutions for quality and cost-effectiveness. This book, written by an author with a strong industrial background and excellent standing, is the comprehensive guide users and developers of ion sources have been waiting for. Providing a thorough refresher on the physics involved, this resource systematically covers the source types, components, and the operational parameters.

Results of experimental investigations for substantiation of WWER cermet fuel pin performance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Popov, V.V.; Karpin, A.D.; Isupov, I.A.; Rumyantsev, V.N.; Troyanov, V.M.; Subonyaev, V.N.; Melnichenko, N.A.

1997-01-01

The out-of-pile experiment results on interaction of the cladding and matrix materials and uranium dioxide at cermet fuel temperature for normal operating conditions of the WWER-440 reactor are analyzed. Cermet fuel element behaviour under the maximum designed damage of the WWER-440 reactor is considered. In the AM reactor loop a fission product output from the unsealed cermet fuel elements have been studied. (author). 6 figs, 3 tabs

Ion source requirements for pulsed spallation neutron sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alonso, J.R.

1995-10-01

The neutron scattering community has endorsed the need for a high- power (1 to 5 MW) accelerator-driven source of neutrons for materials research. Properly configured, the accelerator could produce very short (sub-microsecond) bursts of cold neutrons, said time structure offering advantages over the continuous flux from a reactor for a large class of experiments. The recent cancellation of the ANS reactor project has increased the urgency to develop a comprehensive strategy based on the best technological scenarios. Studies to date have built on the experience from ISIS (the 160 KW source in the UK), and call for a high-current (approx. 100 mA peak) H - source-linac combination injecting into one or more accumulator rings in which beam may be further accelerated. The 1 to 5 GeV proton beam is extracted in a single turn and brought to the target-moderator stations. The high current, high duty-factor, high brightness and high reliability required of the ion source present a very large challenge to the ion source community. A workshop held in Berkeley in October 1994, analyzed in detail the source requirements for proposed accelerator scenarios, the present performance capabilities of different H - source technologies, and identified necessary R ampersand D efforts to bridge the gap

The Chandra Source Catalog 2.0: Estimating Source Fluxes

Science.gov (United States)

Primini, Francis Anthony; Allen, Christopher E.; Miller, Joseph; Anderson, Craig S.; Budynkiewicz, Jamie A.; Burke, Douglas; Chen, Judy C.; Civano, Francesca Maria; D'Abrusco, Raffaele; Doe, Stephen M.; Evans, Ian N.; Evans, Janet D.; Fabbiano, Giuseppina; Gibbs, Danny G., II; Glotfelty, Kenny J.; Graessle, Dale E.; Grier, John D.; Hain, Roger; Hall, Diane M.; Harbo, Peter N.; Houck, John C.; Lauer, Jennifer L.; Laurino, Omar; Lee, Nicholas P.; Martínez-Galarza, Juan Rafael; McCollough, Michael L.; McDowell, Jonathan C.; McLaughlin, Warren; Morgan, Douglas L.; Mossman, Amy E.; Nguyen, Dan T.; Nichols, Joy S.; Nowak, Michael A.; Paxson, Charles; Plummer, David A.; Rots, Arnold H.; Siemiginowska, Aneta; Sundheim, Beth A.; Tibbetts, Michael; Van Stone, David W.; Zografou, Panagoula

2018-01-01

The Second Chandra Source Catalog (CSC2.0) will provide information on approximately 316,000 point or compact extended x-ray sources, derived from over 10,000 ACIS and HRC-I imaging observations available in the public archive at the end of 2014. As in the previous catalog release (CSC1.1), fluxes for these sources will be determined separately from source detection, using a Bayesian formalism that accounts for background, spatial resolution effects, and contamination from nearby sources. However, the CSC2.0 procedure differs from that used in CSC1.1 in three important aspects. First, for sources in crowded regions in which photometric apertures overlap, fluxes are determined jointly, using an extension of the CSC1.1 algorithm, as discussed in Primini & Kashyap (2014ApJ...796…24P). Second, an MCMC procedure is used to estimate marginalized posterior probability distributions for source fluxes. Finally, for sources observed in multiple observations, a Bayesian Blocks algorithm (Scargle, et al. 2013ApJ...764..167S) is used to group observations into blocks of constant source flux.In this poster we present details of the CSC2.0 photometry algorithms and illustrate their performance in actual CSC2.0 datasets.This work has been supported by NASA under contract NAS 8-03060 to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for operation of the Chandra X-ray Center.

Positron sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chehab, R.

1994-01-01

A tentative survey of positron sources is given. Physical processes on which positron generation is based are indicated and analyzed. Explanation of the general features of electromagnetic interactions and nuclear β + decay makes it possible to predict the yield and emittance for a given optical matching system between the positron source and the accelerator. Some kinds of matching systems commonly used - mainly working with solenoidal field - are studied and the acceptance volume calculated. Such knowledge is helpful in comparing different matching systems. Since for large machines, a significant distance exists between the positron source and the experimental facility, positron emittance has to be preserved during beam transfer over large distances and methods used for that purpose are indicated. Comparison of existing positron sources leads to extrapolation to sources for future linear colliders. Some new ideas associated with these sources are also presented. (orig.)

Sources for charged particles; Les sources de particules chargees

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arianer, J.

1997-09-01

This document is a basic course on charged particle sources for post-graduate students and thematic schools on large facilities and accelerator physics. A simple but precise description of the creation and the emission of charged particles is presented. This course relies on every year upgraded reference documents. Following relevant topics are considered: electronic emission processes, technological and practical considerations on electron guns, positron sources, production of neutral atoms, ionization, plasma and discharge, different types of positive and negative ion sources, polarized particle sources, materials for the construction of ion sources, low energy beam production and transport. (N.T.).

GANIL Workshop on Ion Sources; Journees Sources d'Ions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leroy, Renan [Grand Accelerateur National d' Ions Lourds (GANIL), 14 - Caen (France)

1999-07-01

The proceedings of the GANIL Workshop on Ion Sources held at GANIL - Caen on 18-19 March 1999 contains 13 papers aiming at improving the old source operation and developing new types of sources for nuclear research and studies of ion physics. A number of reports are devoted to applications like surface treatment, ion implantation or fusion injection. The 1+{yields}n+ transformation, charged particle transport in ECR sources, addition of cesium and xenon in negative ion sources and other basic issues in ion sources are also addressed.

pdf2xml

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La politique de la science et de la technologie applicable aux TIC et au développement ..... Le défi pour une stratégie en matière de TIC consiste à faire en sorte que les ...... Les décideurs de ces pays auront besoin de recruter des personnes ...

La mycothérapie au Burkina Faso : État des lieux et perspectives ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Il s'agit de : Daldinia eschscholzii, Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma resinaceum, Phellinus pachyphloeus, Podaxis pistillaris, Lentinus squarrosulus, Lycoperdon sp et Scleroderma sp. L'analyse des données montre que le genre et l'âge des personnes interrogées n'ont pas d'influence sur la connaissance des espèces ...

Résultats de recherche | Page 67 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Adaptation aux changements climatiques et sécurité alimentaire et hydrique au Pakistan. Les inondations dévastatrices qui ont frappé le bassin de l'Indus en 2010 ont recouvert près du cinquième du territoire du Pakistan et touché quelque 20 millions de personnes. Projet.

2505-IJBCS-Article-Saotoing Pierre

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Keywords: Epidemiological investigation, urinary and intestinal diseases, pupils, Maga, Cameroon. INTRODUCTION. Les parasitoses digestives dues à des helminthes ont une haute prévalence dans les pays en développement (Aubry et Gaüzère,. 2015). Selon le rapport de l'OMS (2014), le nombre de personnes ayant ...

Ion source requirements for pulsed spallation neutron sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alonso, J.R.

1996-01-01

The neutron scattering community has endorsed the need for a high-power (1 to 5 MW) accelerator-driven source of neutrons for materials research. Properly configured, the accelerator could produce very short (sub-microsecond) bursts of cold neutrons, said time structure offering advantages over the continuous flux from a reactor for a large class of experiments. The recent cancellation of the ANS reactor project has increased the urgency to develop a comprehensive strategy based on the best technological scenarios. Studies to date have built on the experience from ISIS (the 160 kW source in the UK), and call for a high-current (approx. 100 mA peak) H - source-linac combination injecting into one or more accumulator rings in which beam may be further accelerated. The 1 to 5 GeV proton beam is extracted in a single turn and brought to the target-moderator stations. The high current, high duty-factor, high brightness and high reliability required of the ion source present a very large challenge to the ion source community. A workshop held in Berkeley in October 1994, analyzed in detail the source requirements for proposed accelerator scenarios, the present performance capabilities of different H - source technologies, and identified necessary R ampersand D efforts to bridge the gap. copyright 1996 American Institute of Physics

Chandra Source Catalog: Background Determination and Source Detection

Science.gov (United States)

McCollough, Michael L.; Rots, A. H.; Primini, F. A.; Evans, I. N.; Glotfelty, K. J.; Hain, R.; Anderson, C. S.; Bonaventura, N. R.; Chen, J. C.; Davis, J. E.; Doe, S. M.; Evans, J. D.; Fabbiano, G.; Galle, E.; Gibbs, D. G.; Grier, J. D.; Hall, D. M.; Harbo, P. N.; He, X.; Houck, J. C.; Karovska, M.; Lauer, J.; McDowell, J. C.; Miller, J. B.; Mitschang, A. W.; Morgan, D. L.; Nichols, J. S.; Nowak, M. A.; Plummer, D. A.; Refsdal, B. L.; Siemiginowska, A. L.; Sundheim, B. A.; Tibbetts, M. S.; Van Stone, D. W.; Winkelman, S. L.; Zografou, P.

2009-01-01

The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) is a major project in which all of the pointed imaging observations taken by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory will used to generate the most extensive X-ray source catalog produced to date. Early in the development of the CSC it was recognized that the ability to estimate local background levels in an automated fashion would be critical for essential CSC tasks such as source detection, photometry, sensitivity estimates, and source characterization. We present a discussion of how such background maps are created directly from the Chandra data and how they are used in source detection. The general background for Chandra observations is rather smoothly varying, containing only low spatial frequency components. However, in the case of ACIS data, a high spatial frequency component is added that is due to the readout streaks of the CCD chips. We discuss how these components can be estimated reliably using the Chandra data and what limitations and caveats should be considered in their use. We will discuss the source detection algorithm used for the CSC and the effects of the background images on the detection results. We will also touch on some the Catalog Inclusion and Quality Assurance criteria applied to the source detection results. This work is supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060 (CXC).

Calculs de doses générées par les rayonnements ionisants principes physiques et codes de calcul

CERN Document Server

Vivier, Alain

2016-01-01

Cet ouvrage et les codes associés s’adressent aux utilisateurs de sources de rayonnements ionisants : techniciens, ingénieurs de sécurité, personnes compétentes en radioprotection, mais aussi médecins, chercheurs, concepteurs, décideurs… Les contraintes croissantes liées à la radioprotection rendent indispensables l’utilisation de codes de calcul permettant d’évaluer les débits de doses générées par ces sources et la façon dont on peut s’en protéger au mieux. De nombreux codes existent, dont certains restent des références incontournables, mais ils sont relativement complexes à mettre en oeuvre et restent en général réservés aux bureaux d’études. En outre, ces codes sont souvent des « boîtes noires » qui ne permettent pas de comprendre la physique sous-jacente. L’objectif de cet ouvrage est double : - Exposer les principes physiques permettant de comprendre les phénomènes à l’oeuvre lorsque la matière est irradiée par des rayonnements ionisants. Il devient al...

Risque de transmission sexuelle chez les personnes vivant avec le ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Contexte : Depuis 1996, les traitements du sida ont permis de changer le visage de la maladie. Un traitement efficace ... Conclusion : Cette étude a décrit que le risque de transmission sexuelle des infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST) existe chez les PVVIH à cause des rapports sexuels à risque. D'autres études ...

Investigation of Tensile Creep of a Normal Strength Overlay Concrete.

Science.gov (United States)

Drexel, Martin; Theiner, Yvonne; Hofstetter, Günter

2018-06-12

The present contribution deals with the experimental investigation of the time-dependent behavior of a typical overlay concrete subjected to tensile stresses. The latter develop in concrete overlays, which are placed on existing concrete structures as a strengthening measure, due to the shrinkage of the young overlay concrete, which is restrained by the substrate concrete. Since the tensile stresses are reduced by creep, creep in tension is investigated on sealed and unsealed specimens, loaded at different concrete ages. The creep tests as well as the companion shrinkage tests are performed in a climatic chamber at constant temperature and constant relative humidity. Since shrinkage depends on the change of moisture content, the evolution of the mass water content is determined at the center of each specimen by means of an electrolytic resistivity-based system. Together with the experimental results for compressive creep from a previous study, a consistent set of time-dependent material data, determined for the same composition of the concrete mixture and on identical specimens, is now available. It consists of the hygral and mechanical properties, creep and shrinkage strains for both sealed and drying conditions, the respective compliance functions, and the mass water contents in sealed and unsealed, loaded and load-free specimens.

: tous les projets | Page 226 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Plus de 700 millions de personnes dépendent de systèmes d'aquaculture pour gagner leur vie. Sujet: AGRICULTURE. Région: Central Asia, Far East Asia, South Asia, South of Sahara. Programme: Agriculture and Food Security. Financement total : CA$ 4,200,000.00. Soutien au programme de recherche du GCRAI sur les ...

Résultats de recherche | Page 144 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Innovation scientifique et technologique au service des groupes à la " base de la pyramide " - Asie du Sud-Est. Quelque quatre milliards d'habitants de la planète vivotent à la base de la pyramide sociale et économique, alors qu'à peine 75 à 100 millions de personnes se trouvent à son sommet. Projet.

: tous les projets | Page 45 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Région: Kenya, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Netherlands. Programme: Employment and Growth. Financement total : CA$ 1,213,000.00. Accroître l'inclusion financière pour les femmes et les jeunes vulnérables : Proyecto Capital. Projet. L'accès à des services financiers officiels peut aider les personnes ...

Abstract Résumé

African Journals Online (AJOL)

1 juil. 2013 ... VIH car ils facilitent l'acce`s a` la prévention et aux soins pour la personne avec ... plus général hypothétique en termes de prévention. La PVVIH ..... Scolarisation. Primaire. 2,7. 3. Secondaire. 87,4. 97. Supérieure. 9,9. 11.

south africa : tous les projets | Page 4 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Région: Brazil, South America, India, Morocco, Mexico, North and Central America, South Africa, North of Sahara, South of Sahara, Central Asia, Far East Asia, ... à l'information est à la fois un droit de la personne fondamental et universel et une pierre angulaire de la bonne gouvernance et de la lutte contre la corruption.

Un partenariat en faveur de la responsabilisation | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

25 janv. 2011 ... Il va de soi que la mise en oeuvre de principes de reddition de comptes qui régiraient la recherche sur les politiques menée dans les pays en développement serait avantageuse tant pour les organismes de recherche que pour les personnes touchées par leurs travaux.

Talking heritage: Africa at the crossroads of tradition and modernity ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les questions ci-dessus sont explorées par une dialectique entre les méthodes de construction en terre traditionnelles et la modernité aussi largement compris en Ouganda . Patrimoine est conceptualisée comme constitutive d'interactions entre les processus, les produits et les personnes et l'environnement Le papier teste ...

Approche socio-culturelle de l'epilepsie en Cote d'Ivoire | Boa Yapo ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Contexte En Afrique, l'épileptique est encore trop souvent stigmatisé, du fait de la méconnaissance de la maladie et des croyances surnaturelles ou mystiques. Objectif Analyser la connaissance et la perception de l'épilepsie par l'entourage proche des personnes épileptiques suivies en milieu hospitalier neurologique, afin ...

Frequently Asked Questions - GHRI Calls

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Genevieve Prud'homme

16 mai 2014 ... ... des pays d'Afrique subsaharienne ciblés par le Plan d'action pour accroître ... Les définitions utilisées pour ces rôles sont celles des Instituts de ..... Une personne ayant rang de directeur au sein du ministère de la Santé ...

Use of informatics in radiation control panels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cochinal, R.; Grimont, B.; Mai, V.

1980-03-01

Radiation control panels with programmed systems have developed at the CEA over the last few years. Each monitored location is provided with an monitoring station containing: - a radiation detector and associated electronics (the output signal is normalised calibrated pulses), - an alarm unit to warn personnal of any danger inside the detection zone covered [fr

Pakistan : tous les projets | Page 2 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... grande intégration économique, on voit apparaître tout un éventail de difficultés interreliées ayant trait aux garanties constitutionnelles et aux garanties des droits de la personne. End Date: 17 mars 2016. Sujet: PRISONS, Gender. Région: Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Programme: Gouvernance et justice.

Sri Lanka : tous les projets | Page 2 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... grande intégration économique, on voit apparaître tout un éventail de difficultés interreliées ayant trait aux garanties constitutionnelles et aux garanties des droits de la personne. End Date: 17 mars 2016. Sujet: PRISONS, Gender. Région: Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Programme: Gouvernance et justice.

Positron sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chehab, R.

1989-01-01

A tentative survey of positron sources is given. Physical processes on which positron generation is based are indicated and analyzed. Explanation of the general features of electromagnetic interactions and nuclear β + decay makes it possible to predict the yield and emittance for a given optical matching system between the positron source and the accelerator. Some kinds of matching systems commonly used - mainly working with solenoidal fields - are studied and the acceptance volume calculated. Such knowledge is helpful in comparing different matching systems. Since for large machines, a significant distance exists between the positron source and the experimental facility, positron emittance has to be preserved during beam transfer over large distances and methods used for that purpose are indicated. Comparison of existing positron sources leads to extrapolation to sources for future linear colliders

C-188 cobalt-60 sealed source integrity: source monitoring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Defalco, G.M.; Shah, V.

1995-01-01

The integrity of C-188 cobalt-60 sealed sources used for radiation processing will be a key factor in the continued industrial acceptance and growth of gamma irradiation technology. Given the public's relatively poor understanding of most nuclear topics and the news media's tendency to sensationalize events, it is appropriate for suppliers and users of gamma technology to be vigilant and conservative regarding the application of cobalt-60 sources to industrial purposes. Nordion's recent decision to extend the optional warranty on its C-188 cobalt-60 sealed source from 15 years to 20 years is based on over 30 years of data generated from its on-going SOURCE SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM. This paper presents an overview of the C-188 SOURCE SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM. (author)

Radionuclide Therapy. Chapter 19

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flux, G.; Du, Yong [Royal Marsden Hospital and Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey (United Kingdom)

2014-12-15

Cancer has been treated with radiopharmaceuticals since the 1940s. The radionuclides originally used, including 131I and 32P, are still in use. The role of the physicist in radionuclide therapy encompasses radiation protection, imaging and dosimetry. Radiation protection is of particular importance given the high activities of the unsealed sources that are often administered, and must take into account medical staff, comforters and carers, and, as patients are discharged while still retaining activity, members of the public. Regulations concerning acceptable levels of exposure vary from country to country. If the administered radiopharmaceutical is a γ emitter, then imaging can be performed which may be either qualitative or quantitative. While a regular system of quality control must be in place to prevent misinterpretation of image data, qualitative imaging does not usually rely on the image corrections necessary to determine the absolute levels of activity that are localized in the patient. Accurate quantitative imaging is dependent on these corrections and can permit the distribution of absorbed doses delivered to the patient to be determined with sufficient accuracy to be clinically beneficial.

Yttrium-90 - ED 4310

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ammerich, M.; Frot, P.; Gambini, D.; Gauron, C.; Moureaux, P.; Herbelet, G.; Lahaye, T.; Pihet, P.; Rannou, A.; Vidal, E.

2013-03-01

This sheet presents the characteristics of yttrium-90, its origin, and its radio-physical and biological properties. It briefly describes its use in nuclear medicine. It indicates its dosimetric parameters for external exposure, cutaneous contamination, and internal exposure due to acute contamination or to chronic contamination. It indicates and comments the various exposure control techniques: ambient dose rate measurement, surface contamination measurement, atmosphere contamination. It addresses the means of protection: premise design, protection against external exposure and against internal exposure. It describes how areas are delimited and controlled within the premises: regulatory areas, controls to be performed. It addresses the personnel classification, training and medical survey. It addresses the issue of solid and liquid wastes and liquid or gaseous effluents. It briefly recalls the administrative procedures related to the authorization and declaration of possession and use of sealed and unsealed sources. It indicates regulatory aspects related to the transport of yttrium-90, describes what is to be done in case of incident or accident (for the different types of contamination or exposure)

Radiation Monitoring in a Newly Established Nuclear Medicine Facility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Afroj, Kamila; Anwar-Ul-Azim, Md.; Nath, Khokon Kumar; Khan, Md. Rezaul Karim

2010-05-01

A study of area monitoring in a nuclear medicine department's new physical facility was performed for 3 months to ascertain the level of radiation protection of the staff working in nuclear medicine and that of the patients and patient's attendants. Exposure to nuclear medicine personnel is considered as occupational exposure, while exposure to patients is considered medical exposure and exposure to patients' attendants is considered public exposure. The areas for the sources of radiation considered were the hot laboratory, where unsealed isotopes, radionuclides, generators are stored and dosages are prepared, the patients' waiting room, where the radioactive nuclides are administered orally and intravenously for diagnosis and treatment and the SPECT rooms, where the patients' acquisition are taken. The monitoring process was performed using the TLD supplied and measured by the Health Physics Division of Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission. The result shows no over-exposure of radiation from any of the working areas. The environment of the department is safe for work and free from unnecessary radiation exposure risk. (author)

Radioactive contamination of protective clothes made of textile and their decontamination in aqueous solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukumori, D.T.

1989-01-01

This dissertation deals with the radioactive contamination, its prevention, control and decontamination, related to protective clothing made of textile and usually weared in normal working conditions, within the installations where radioactive materials are handled or processed, especially as unsealed sources. The features of textile materials and contaminants, contamination mechanisms, risks related to contaminated clothes, planning of working areas, monitoring and surface contamination limits are described. Concerning to decontamination, the reagents, their action mechanisms and methods of efficiency evaluation are emphasized. The selected reagents were experimentally tested and their efficiencies in decontaminating cotton cloth samples, contaminated with uranyl nitrate solution, were evaluated by means of counting rate determined with a Geiger-Muller provided counting system. In this way, complexing agents, surfactants and commercial cleanning products were tested. The results were analysed and interpreted considering statistical, radiochemical and Radiation Protection aspects. Both, the radiactive contamination and decontamination of protective clothes are extensive matters and they still could be developed and improved; thus, many suggestions were presented as further studies. (author) [pt

Methodology for Gamma cameras calibration for I-131 uptake quantification in Hyperthyroidism diseases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez Diaz, A.; Palau San Pedro, A.; Martin Escuela, J. M.; Reynosa Montejo, R.; Castillo, J.; Torres Aroche, L.

2015-01-01

Optimization and verification of Patient-Specific Treatment Planning with unsealed I-131 sources is a desirable goal from medical and radiation protection point of view. To obtain a practical protocol to combine the estimation of the related parameters with patient's specific treatment dose in hyperthyroidism disease, 3 equipment were studied (Iodine Probe, a Philips Forte Camera with pin-hole collimators and a Mediso Nucline with HEGP for planar and SPECT techniques) and crossed calibrated. The linear behaviour on diagnostic and therapeutic activity range was verified, showing a linear correlation fitting factor R 2 > 0.99. The differences between thyroid uptake determinations in all equipment were less than 6% for therapeutic activities and less than 1.1% in the diagnostic range. The combined protocol to calculate, with only one administration of I 131 , all the necessary parameters to the treatment dose estimation in 2D or 3D, avoiding wasting time with gamma cameras, was established and verified. Following this protocol the difference between apparent and calculated activities were less than 3%. (Author)

Microradiographic investigations on experimentally provoked structural alterations in hard tooth tissues after sealing with plastic material in places where caries is apt to develop

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Falten, E.

1981-01-01

The aim of the present investigation was, after sealing three areas in extracted human teeth: fissures, dental necksand approximate areas and subsequent exposure to experimentally produced cariogenous noxae, to establish possible alterations in the area of transition between sealed and unsealed dental enamal. This would provide a further decision-taking aid with regard to the question whether also the remaining parts where caries is apt to develop should be sealed. (orig./MG) [de

Dose estimate for effective internal contamination in the occupationally exposed workers(OEW) that handling open sources for thyroid therapy using {sup 131} I (3779); Estimacion de la dosis efectiva por contaminacion interna en los trabajadores ocupacionalmente expuestos (TOE) que manipulan fuentes abiertas para el tratamiento de tiroides con {sup 131}I (3779)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lecuna, J.A.; Carrizales, L.I., E-mail: jj1211g@yahoo.com, E-mail: lcarriza@ivic.gob.ve [Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC), Caracas (Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of); Dantas, B.M., E-mail: bmdantas@ird.gov.br [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2013-11-01

Handling of a variety of unsealed sources in Nuclear Medicine has led a significant risk of internal exposure of workers. {sup 131}I stands out among the radionuclides of frequent use due its wide application in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases. The increasing radionuclide use for medical purposes and treatment of diseases creates a need for capable methodologies of controlling the internal contamination of work. Currently, in Venezuela, there are about 17 Nuclear Medicine Services between public and private, of which 5 are operating; however, individual monitoring is still limited in the control of internal exposure. This work presents the development of bioassay techniques 'in vivo', in order to quantify the incorporation of {sup 131}I used in Nuclear Medicine. It also presents the research results of internal exposure of a group of workers involved in handling of therapeutic dose of {sup 131}I . The 'in vivo' detection system was calibrated with the thyroid simulator developed at the Institute of Radiologic Protection and Dosimetry (IRD, Rio de Janeiro - Brazil) and which also has the UTN-IVIC (Caracas - Venezuela). The results showed that the bioassay method developed in this work has sufficient sensitivity for its use in routine intake survey of workers in Nuclear Medicine. Between the two workers controlled in this study, both had measurable results in terms of incorporation. Therefore, it is important to keep control of it and also gives us the possibility to evaluate the incorporations in suspected accident. The highest estimate of the effective dose was 1,28x10{sup -5} Sv by inhalation and 1,27x10{sup -5} Sv by ingestion.

Project Management Web Tools at the MICE experiment

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2012-01-01

Project management tools like Trac are commonly used within the open-source community to coordinate projects. The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) uses the project management web application Redmine to host mice.rl.ac.uk. Many groups within the experiment have a Redmine project: analysis, computing and software (including offline, online, controls and monitoring, and database subgroups), executive board, and operations. All of these groups use the website to communicate, track effort, develop schedules, and maintain documentation. The issue tracker is a rich tool that is used to identify tasks and monitor progress within groups on timescales ranging from immediate and unexpected problems to milestones that cover the life of the experiment. It allows the prioritization of tasks according to time-sensitivity, while providing a searchable record of work that has been done. This record of work can be used to measure both individual and overall group activity, identify areas lacking sufficient personne...

initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Dorine Odongo

1.6 Site Web. 1.7 Date de la constitution/de l'incorporation (MM/JJ/AAAA). 1.8 Catégorie (p. ex. institut de recherche,. ONG, think tank, établissement de recherche et d'enseignement universitaires). 1.9 Dirigeant de l'organisme partenaire. (nom complet, titre et adresse courriel). 2.0 Personne-ressource ou coordonnateur.

Étude des soins de santé primaires dispensés dans les pays du ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les chercheurs effectueront une recension des écrits et une analyse documentaire, s'entretiendront avec des personnes clés, organiseront des groupes de discussion avec des intervenants de premier plan et réaliseront une enquête auprès de patients qui reçoivent des soins de santé primaires et de professionnels qui les ...

Soutien au programme de recherche du GCRAI sur les systèmes d ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Plus de 700 millions de personnes dépendent de systèmes d'aquaculture pour gagner leur vie. Ces systèmes agricoles diversifiés combinent culture, élevage, aquaculture, pêche et collecte de ressources naturelles comme les fruits, les graines, le bois et la faune. Toutefois, de nombreuses contraintes empêchent les petits ...

Case series

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ebutamanya

5 juin 2015 ... survenant lors du jeu ou des repas. Il survient habituellement chez des personnes ayant un développement normal. Il peut être favorisé par un terrain particulier: retard mental, trisomie ou toute autre infirmité psychomotrice. Dans la majorité des publications [2-5], la localisation auriculaire prédomine entre ...

Données probantes empiriques et promotion du leadership en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le projet générera de nouvelles preuves et renforcera les capacités locales afin d'utiliser des techniques de pointe pour évaluer les programmes ciblant les groupes les plus vulnérables, y compris les femmes et les adolescentes, les travailleurs migrants et les personnes extrêmement pauvres (celles qui subsistent avec ...

Réduire la violence chez les jeunes en Côte d'Ivoire | CRDI - Centre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

6 oct. 2016 ... Image. Une personne tient dans ses mains des cartouches de fusil. Nations Unies. HISTOIRE À SUCCÈS | VILLES SÛRES ET INCLUSIVES. Une recherche de l'Université Alassane Ouattara révèle comment les jeunes de la Côte d'Ivoire sont devenus victimes et auteurs de crimes violents et recommande ...

Connecter l'Afrique, du Cap au Caire | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

10 janv. 2011 ... La recherche bien appliquée. Des recherches ... d'échelle essentielles pour mener à bien des projets d'envergure à des coûts abordables. Ironie du sort ... Même les personnes qui connaissent peu les TIC pourraient regarder les cartes et comprendre les enjeux », affirme Heloise Emdon, du CRDI. Dans le ...

Résultats de recherche | Page 25 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Un projet de santé mobile permet de tendre la main aux populations les plus vulnérables du Burkina Faso, c'est-à-dire les mères, les bébés et les personnes atteintes du VIH. Date de publication. 29 janvier 2018. Research in Action. Health HEALTH EQUITY ACCOUNTABILITY GENDER POLICY Gender ...

Livres | Page 28 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... la recherche sur des questions essentielles de développement international. ... aux milieux de la coopération au service du développement dans le monde, mais aussi ... Dix ans de réforme : Politique scientifique et technologique en Chine ... Le droit au logement est un droit fondamental de la personne réaffirmé en juin ...

Renforcement organisationnel de l'Association canadienne d'études ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... organisations non gouvernementales et toute personne ou organisme du Canada s'intéressant au développement international peuvent se réunir et exprimer leur point de vue. De 1994 à 2007, le CRDI a soutenu l'ACEDI au moyen de six subventions totalisant quelque deux millions CAD. La dernière subvention (projet ...

Santé | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le développement ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Can music make us better at math? An Israeli-Canadian research team is trying to find out. Read more about When the brain hits the right notes. Langue English. Le CRDI vise à favoriser des changements positifs à long terme pour les personnes qui en ont le plus besoin. Cependant, ce sont les réalisations annuelles qui ...

AIDS Prevention for the Underserved Majority : the Choice Disabled ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Renforcement de la capacité de mener des essais de prévention de la transmission du VIH au personnel de la santé. Les travailleurs de la santé constituent un groupe prioritaire pour les essais de prévention de la transmission du VIH puisqu'ils représentent un nombre relativement important de personnes à.

Résultats de recherche | Page 18 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Sécurité des femmes et des personnes lesbiennes, gaies, bisexuelles, transgenres, intersexuées dans les régions touchées par les conflits en Colombie. La Colombie est en train de conclure les négociations de paix avec le groupe de rebelles des Forces armées révolutionnaires de Colombie (FARC). Projet ...

: tous les projets | Page 15 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... des femmes et des personnes lesbiennes, gaies, bisexuelles, transgenres, intersexuées dans les régions touchées par les conflits en Colombie. Projet. La Colombie est en train de conclure les négociations de paix avec le groupe de rebelles des Forces armées révolutionnaires de Colombie (FARC). Région: Colombia.

Résultats de recherche | Page 36 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Sécurité des femmes et des personnes lesbiennes, gaies, bisexuelles, transgenres, intersexuées dans les régions touchées par les conflits en Colombie. La Colombie est en train de conclure les négociations de paix avec le groupe de rebelles des Forces armées révolutionnaires de Colombie (FARC). Projet.

Résultats de recherche | Page 4 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Sécurité des femmes et des personnes lesbiennes, gaies, bisexuelles, transgenres, intersexuées dans les régions touchées par les conflits en Colombie. La Colombie est en train de conclure les négociations de paix avec le groupe de rebelles des Forces armées révolutionnaires de Colombie (FARC). Projet ...

Prevent troubles due to retirement

CERN Multimedia

Raymond,J

1983-01-01

Le Docteur J.Raymond, medecin d'une institution hospitalière pour personnes agées, fait référence au Dr.Tournier (voir AUDIO-1983-008) et a pour thème: prévenir les troubles physiques et psychologiques liés à la retraite, étape à laquelle nous devons forcément aboutir.

Une rencontre PAS comme les autres | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

15 oct. 2010 ... Dans ce récit à la première personne, Angelica Ospina, administratrice de programmes principale au CRDI , raconte sa rencontre avec Orlando, un jeune graphiste péruvien remarquable qui lutte en première ligne contre le VIH/sida dans son pays. Angelica a fait la connaissance d'Orlando et d'autres ...

Déchiffrer les mécanismes cognitifs et neuronaux qui sous-tendent l ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ce projet cherche à comprendre les mécanismes cérébraux nécessaires pour permettre aux gens d'apprendre à percevoir les sons. Circuits neuronaux et apprentissage. L'équipe de recherche étudiera des personnes avec et sans formation musicale pour évaluer leur capacité d'apprendre des motifs sonores.

SCALA : Établir le lien entre les jeunes et les femmes vulnérables et ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les trois quarts des entrepreneurs gèrent des microentreprises; ils exploitent donc de petites entreprises qui emploient souvent une ou deux personnes. Bon nombre de ces ... de microfinance et ONG. La recherche appuiera la mise en oeuvre et le soutien de l'expansion des modèles à l'échelle régionale et mondiale.

Une importante enquête dresse le bilan de dix ans d'évolution dans ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

6 janv. 2012 ... Selon le rapport, tout comme en 1996, les services de nombreuses écoles ne sont pas à la hauteur : dans près de la moitié des écoles, personne ... Women entrepreneurs face obstacles at every step of setting up their operations, from obtaining raw materials to managing logistics, scouting for b.

Exploitation du savoir autochtone afin de créer des emplois pour les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La Commission des Nations unies pour la démarginalisation estime que quatre milliards de personnes ne peuvent pas exercer leurs droits juridiques à cause des coûts, du dysfonctionnement, de la corruption ou de l'abus de pouvoir. Il existe un besoin reconnu en institutions intermédiaires, comme les médias, les partis ...

Vieillissement de la population : trouver un équilibre | CRDI - Centre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

12 mars 2012 ... Prenons pour exemple les Philippines. La population de ce pays est encore relativement jeune, mais elle commence à vieillir. Les personnes âgées représentent aujourd'hui 5 % de la population, mais cette proportion sera de 12 % d'ici 2040. Le gouvernement devra offrir un meilleur soutien à un nombre ...

Lignes directrices pour la mise en oeuvre de la politique relative aux conflits d'intérêts

CERN Document Server

HR, Department; CERN. Geneva. HR Department

2016-01-01

Dans l’exercice de leurs fonctions au service de l’Organisation, les collaborateurs du CERN ne peuvent accepter de cadeaux, faveurs ou offres d’hospitalité destinés : à eux-mêmes ; à des membres de leur famille ou à des amis ; ou à toute personne ou organisation avec lesquelles ils ont un lien direct ou indirect.

Perspectives

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abp

13 mai 2013 ... ... which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided ... Burkina Faso, les proportions de malades dont le traitement ne .... Publique de l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (ESP/ULB) en Belgique. .... y a ; il a dit que ça va. Il suit le traitement mais il n'a personne qui l'assiste.

African Journal of Neurological Sciences - 2009 Vol. 28 No 1

African Journals Online (AJOL)

social et Universitaire (CMSU) de l'Institut de Prévoyance ... Il a permis de recueillir des informations en rapport avec leurs ..... Quant au rôle de l'hérédité dans la transmission de la démence dans la population de personnes âgées, les résultats ...

La pratique de l'éthique et de la bioéthique dans la recherche en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les pays africains connaissent un besoin impératif de recherche pour lutter contre les maladies qui ravagent leurs populations et handicapent leur processus de développement socioéconomique. Cette recherche comporte à la fois des bénéfices et des risques pour les personnes qui y sont impliquées. Une attention ...

The Chandra Source Catalog: Background Determination and Source Detection

Science.gov (United States)

McCollough, Michael; Rots, Arnold; Primini, Francis A.; Evans, Ian N.; Glotfelty, Kenny J.; Hain, Roger; Anderson, Craig S.; Bonaventura, Nina R.; Chen, Judy C.; Davis, John E.; Doe, Stephen M.; Evans, Janet D.; Fabbiano, Giuseppina; Galle, Elizabeth C.; Danny G. Gibbs, II; Grier, John D.; Hall, Diane M.; Harbo, Peter N.; He, Xiang Qun (Helen); Houck, John C.; Karovska, Margarita; Kashyap, Vinay L.; Lauer, Jennifer; McCollough, Michael L.; McDowell, Jonathan C.; Miller, Joseph B.; Mitschang, Arik W.; Morgan, Douglas L.; Mossman, Amy E.; Nichols, Joy S.; Nowak, Michael A.; Plummer, David A.; Refsdal, Brian L.; Siemiginowska, Aneta L.; Sundheim, Beth A.; Tibbetts, Michael S.; van Stone, David W.; Winkelman, Sherry L.; Zografou, Panagoula

2009-09-01

The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) is a major project in which all of the pointed imaging observations taken by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory are used to generate one of the most extensive X-ray source catalog produced to date. Early in the development of the CSC it was recognized that the ability to estimate local background levels in an automated fashion would be critical for essential CSC tasks such as source detection, photometry, sensitivity estimates, and source characterization. We present a discussion of how such background maps are created directly from the Chandra data and how they are used in source detection. The general background for Chandra observations is rather smoothly varying, containing only low spatial frequency components. However, in the case of ACIS data, a high spatial frequency component is added that is due to the readout streaks of the CCD chips. We discuss how these components can be estimated reliably using the Chandra data and what limitations and caveats should be considered in their use. We will discuss the source detection algorithm used for the CSC and the effects of the background images on the detection results. We will also touch on some the Catalog Inclusion and Quality Assurance criteria applied to the source detection results. This work is supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060 (CXC).

Polarized source upgrading

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clegg, T.B.; Rummel, R.L.; Carter, E.P.; Westerfeldt, C.R.; Lovette, A.W.; Edwards, S.E.

1985-01-01

The decision was made this past year to move the Lamb-shift polarized ion source which was first installed in the laboratory in 1970. The motivation was the need to improve the flexibility of spin-axis orientation by installing the ion source with a new Wien-filter spin precessor which is capable of rotating physically about the beam axis. The move of the polarized source was accomplished in approximately two months, with the accelerator being turned off for experiments during approximately four weeks of this time. The occasion of the move provided the opportunity to rewire completely the entire polarized ion source frame and to rebuild approximately half of the electronic chassis on the source. The result is an ion source which is now logically wired and carefully documented. Beams obtained from the source are much more stable than those previously available

Polarized electron sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clendenin, J.E.

1995-05-01

Polarized electron sources for high energy accelerators took a significant step forward with the introduction of a new laser-driven photocathode source for the SLC in 1992. With an electron beam polarization of >80% and with ∼99% uptime during continuous operation, this source is a key factor in the success of the current SLC high-energy physics program. The SLC source performance is used to illustrate both the capabilities and the limitations of solid-state sources. The beam requirements for future colliders are similar to that of the SLC with the addition in most cases of multiple-bunch operation. A design for the next generation accelerator source that can improve the operational characteristics and at least minimize some of the inherent limitations of present sources is presented. Finally, the possibilities for producing highly polarized electron beams for high-duty-factor accelerators are discussed

Pacemakers lower sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Greatbatch, W.

1984-01-01

Energy sources for cardiac facing are considered including radioisotope sources, in a broad conceptual and historical framework.The main guidelines for future development of energy sources are assessed

International codes concerning the security of radioisotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kusama, Keiji

2013-01-01

Explained is the title subject with international and Japanese official argument or publications and actions, where the security is defined as protection of sealed and unsealed radioisotopes (RI) from malicious acts. IAEA worked out the Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources in 2004 based on its preceding argument and with the turning point of the terrorism 3.11 (2001), and Nuclear Security Recommendations on radioactive material and associated facilities (2011), for whose prerequisite, Security of radioactive sources: implementing guide (2009) and Security in the transport of radioactive material (2008) had been drawn up. The Code of Conduct indicates the security system to regulate the sealed sources that each nation has to build up through legislation, setup of regulatory agency, registration of the sources, provision of concerned facilities with radiation protection, etc. For attaining this purpose, IAEA defined Guidance on the Import and Export of Radioactive Sources (2005, 2012), Categorization of radioactive sources (2005) and Dangerous quantities of radioactive material (D-VALUES) (2006). For updating the related matters, IAEA holds international conferences somewhere in the world every year. The Nuclear Security Recommendations indicate the nation's responsibility of building up and maintaining the security system above with well-balanced measures between the safe and secure use of RI without the invalid inhibition of their usage. Japan government worked out the concept essential for ensuring the nuclear security in Sep. 2011, in which for RI, defined were the risk and benefit in use and security, and securing role of the present legal systems concerning the safety handling and objective RI involved in their registration system. Securing measures of RI in such usage as medical and industrial aids must be of advanced usefulness and safety in harmony with activities of other countries. (T.T)

Global Sourcing Flexibility

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ørberg Jensen, Peter D.; Petersen, Bent

2013-01-01

the higher costs (but decreased risk for value chain disruption) embedded in a more flexible global sourcing model that allows the firm to replicate and/or relocate activities across multiple locations. We develop a model and propositions on facilitating and constraining conditions of global sourcing...... sourcing flexibility. Here we draw on prior research in the fields of organizational flexibility, international business and global sourcing as well as case examples and secondary studies. In the second part of the paper, we discuss the implications of global sourcing flexibility for firm strategy...... and operations against the backdrop of the theory-based definition of the construct. We discuss in particular the importance of global sourcing flexibility for operational performance stability, and the trade-off between specialization benefits, emerging from location and service provider specialization, versus...

Source splitting via the point source method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Potthast, Roland; Fazi, Filippo M; Nelson, Philip A

2010-01-01

We introduce a new algorithm for source identification and field splitting based on the point source method (Potthast 1998 A point-source method for inverse acoustic and electromagnetic obstacle scattering problems IMA J. Appl. Math. 61 119–40, Potthast R 1996 A fast new method to solve inverse scattering problems Inverse Problems 12 731–42). The task is to separate the sound fields u j , j = 1, ..., n of n element of N sound sources supported in different bounded domains G 1 , ..., G n in R 3 from measurements of the field on some microphone array—mathematically speaking from the knowledge of the sum of the fields u = u 1 + ... + u n on some open subset Λ of a plane. The main idea of the scheme is to calculate filter functions g 1 ,…, g n , n element of N, to construct u l for l = 1, ..., n from u| Λ in the form u l (x) = ∫ Λ g l,x (y)u(y)ds(y), l=1,... n. (1) We will provide the complete mathematical theory for the field splitting via the point source method. In particular, we describe uniqueness, solvability of the problem and convergence and stability of the algorithm. In the second part we describe the practical realization of the splitting for real data measurements carried out at the Institute for Sound and Vibration Research at Southampton, UK. A practical demonstration of the original recording and the splitting results for real data is available online

Constraints on equivalent elastic source models from near-source data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stump, B.

1993-01-01

A phenomenological based seismic source model is important in quantifying the important physical processes that affect the observed seismic radiation in the linear-elastic regime. Representations such as these were used to assess yield effects on seismic waves under a Threshold Test Ban Treaty and to help transport seismic coupling experience at one test site to another. These same characterizations in a non-proliferation environment find applications in understanding the generation of the different types of body and surface waves from nuclear explosions, single chemical explosions, arrays of chemical explosions used in mining, rock bursts and earthquakes. Seismologists typically begin with an equivalent elastic representation of the source which when convolved with the propagation path effects produces a seismogram. The Representation Theorem replaces the true source with an equivalent set of body forces, boundary conditions or initial conditions. An extension of this representation shows the equivalence of the body forces, boundary conditions and initial conditions and replaces the source with a set of force moments, the first degree moment tensor for a point source representation. The difficulty with this formulation, which can completely describe the observed waveforms when the propagation path effects are known, is in the physical interpretation of the actual physical processes acting in the source volume. Observational data from within the source region, where processes are often nonlinear, linked to numerical models of the important physical processes in this region are critical to a unique physical understanding of the equivalent elastic source function

ERP correlates of source memory: unitized source information increases familiarity-based retrieval.

Science.gov (United States)

Diana, Rachel A; Van den Boom, Wijnand; Yonelinas, Andrew P; Ranganath, Charan

2011-01-07

Source memory tests typically require subjects to make decisions about the context in which an item was encoded and are thought to depend on recollection of details from the study episode. Although it is generally believed that familiarity does not contribute to source memory, recent behavioral studies have suggested that familiarity may also support source recognition when item and source information are integrated, or "unitized," during study (Diana, Yonelinas, and Ranganath, 2008). However, an alternative explanation of these behavioral findings is that unitization affects the manner in which recollection contributes to performance, rather than increasing familiarity-based source memory. To discriminate between these possibilities, we conducted an event-related potential (ERP) study testing the hypothesis that unitization increases the contribution of familiarity to source recognition. Participants studied associations between words and background colors using tasks that either encouraged or discouraged unitization. ERPs were recorded during a source memory test for background color. The results revealed two distinct neural correlates of source recognition: a frontally distributed positivity that was associated with familiarity-based source memory in the high-unitization condition only and a parietally distributed positivity that was associated with recollection-based source memory in both the high- and low-unitization conditions. The ERP and behavioral findings provide converging evidence for the idea that familiarity can contribute to source recognition, particularly when source information is encoded as an item detail. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

RF H-minus ion source development in China spallation neutron source

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, W.; Ouyang, H.; Xiao, Y.; Liu, S.; Lü, Y.; Cao, X.; Huang, T.; Xue, K.

2017-08-01

China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) phase-I project currently uses a Penning surface plasma H- ion source, which has a life time of several weeks with occasional sparks between high voltage electrodes. To extend the life time of the ion source and prepare for the CSNS phase-II, we are trying to develop a RF negative hydrogen ion source with external antenna. The configuration of the source is similar to the DESY external antenna ion source and SNS ion source. However several changes are made to improve the stability and the life time. Firstly, Si3N4 ceramic with high thermal shock resistance, and high thermal conductivity is used for plasma chamber, which can endure an average power of 2000W. Secondly, the water-cooled antenna is brazed on the chamber to improve the energy efficiency. Thirdly, cesium is injected directly to the plasma chamber if necessary, to simplify the design of the converter and the extraction. Area of stainless steel exposed to plasma is minimized to reduce the sputtering and degassing. Instead Mo, Ta, and Pt coated materials are used to face the plasma, which makes the self-cleaning of the source possible.

Sealed radioactive source management

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-01-01

Sealed radioactive sources have been used in a wide range of application in medicine, agriculture, geology, industry and other fields. Since its utilization many sources have become out of use and became waste but no proper management. This has lead to many accidents causing deaths and serious radiation injuries worldwide. Spent sources application is expanding but their management has seen little improvements. Sealed radioactive sources have become a security risk calling for prompt action. Source management helps to maintain sources in a good physical status and provide means of source tracking and control. It also provides a well documented process of the sources making any future management options safe, secure and cost effective. Last but not least good source management substantially reduces the risk of accidents and eliminates the risk of malicious use. The International Atomic Energy Agency assists Member States to build the infrastructure to properly manage sealed radioactive sources. The assistance includes training of national experts to handle, condition and properly store the sources. For Member States that do not have proper facilities, we provide the technical assistance to design a proper facility to properly manage the radioactive sources and provide for their proper storage. For Member States that need to condition their sources properly but don't have the required infrastructure we provide direct assistance to physically help them with source recovery and provide an international expert team to properly condition their sources and render them safe and secure. We offer software (Radioactive Waste Management Registry) to properly keep a complete record on the sources and provide for efficient tracking. This also helps with proper planning and decision making for long term management

A Hybrid, Current-Source/Voltage-Source Power Inverter Circuit

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Trzynadlowski, Andrzej M.; Patriciu, Niculina; Blaabjerg, Frede

2001-01-01

A combination of a large current-source inverter and a small voltage-source inverter circuits is analyzed. The resultant hybrid inverter inherits certain operating advantages from both the constituent converters. In comparison with the popular voltage-source inverter, these advantages include...... reduced switching losses, improved quality of output current waveforms, and faster dynamic response to current control commands. Description of operating principles and characteristics of the hybrid inverter is illustrated with results of experimental investigation of a laboratory model....

THE CHANDRA SOURCE CATALOG

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Evans, Ian N.; Primini, Francis A.; Glotfelty, Kenny J.; Anderson, Craig S.; Bonaventura, Nina R.; Chen, Judy C.; Doe, Stephen M.; Evans, Janet D.; Fabbiano, Giuseppina; Galle, Elizabeth C.; Gibbs, Danny G.; Grier, John D.; Hain, Roger M.; Harbo, Peter N.; He Xiangqun; Karovska, Margarita; Kashyap, Vinay L.; Davis, John E.; Houck, John C.; Hall, Diane M.

2010-01-01

The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) is a general purpose virtual X-ray astrophysics facility that provides access to a carefully selected set of generally useful quantities for individual X-ray sources, and is designed to satisfy the needs of a broad-based group of scientists, including those who may be less familiar with astronomical data analysis in the X-ray regime. The first release of the CSC includes information about 94,676 distinct X-ray sources detected in a subset of public Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer imaging observations from roughly the first eight years of the Chandra mission. This release of the catalog includes point and compact sources with observed spatial extents ∼<30''. The catalog (1) provides access to the best estimates of the X-ray source properties for detected sources, with good scientific fidelity, and directly supports scientific analysis using the individual source data; (2) facilitates analysis of a wide range of statistical properties for classes of X-ray sources; and (3) provides efficient access to calibrated observational data and ancillary data products for individual X-ray sources, so that users can perform detailed further analysis using existing tools. The catalog includes real X-ray sources detected with flux estimates that are at least 3 times their estimated 1σ uncertainties in at least one energy band, while maintaining the number of spurious sources at a level of ∼<1 false source per field for a 100 ks observation. For each detected source, the CSC provides commonly tabulated quantities, including source position, extent, multi-band fluxes, hardness ratios, and variability statistics, derived from the observations in which the source is detected. In addition to these traditional catalog elements, for each X-ray source the CSC includes an extensive set of file-based data products that can be manipulated interactively, including source images, event lists, light curves, and spectra from each observation in which a

The Chandra Source Catalog

Science.gov (United States)

Evans, Ian N.; Primini, Francis A.; Glotfelty, Kenny J.; Anderson, Craig S.; Bonaventura, Nina R.; Chen, Judy C.; Davis, John E.; Doe, Stephen M.; Evans, Janet D.; Fabbiano, Giuseppina; Galle, Elizabeth C.; Gibbs, Danny G., II; Grier, John D.; Hain, Roger M.; Hall, Diane M.; Harbo, Peter N.; He, Xiangqun Helen; Houck, John C.; Karovska, Margarita; Kashyap, Vinay L.; Lauer, Jennifer; McCollough, Michael L.; McDowell, Jonathan C.; Miller, Joseph B.; Mitschang, Arik W.; Morgan, Douglas L.; Mossman, Amy E.; Nichols, Joy S.; Nowak, Michael A.; Plummer, David A.; Refsdal, Brian L.; Rots, Arnold H.; Siemiginowska, Aneta; Sundheim, Beth A.; Tibbetts, Michael S.; Van Stone, David W.; Winkelman, Sherry L.; Zografou, Panagoula

2010-07-01

The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) is a general purpose virtual X-ray astrophysics facility that provides access to a carefully selected set of generally useful quantities for individual X-ray sources, and is designed to satisfy the needs of a broad-based group of scientists, including those who may be less familiar with astronomical data analysis in the X-ray regime. The first release of the CSC includes information about 94,676 distinct X-ray sources detected in a subset of public Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer imaging observations from roughly the first eight years of the Chandra mission. This release of the catalog includes point and compact sources with observed spatial extents lsim30''. The catalog (1) provides access to the best estimates of the X-ray source properties for detected sources, with good scientific fidelity, and directly supports scientific analysis using the individual source data; (2) facilitates analysis of a wide range of statistical properties for classes of X-ray sources; and (3) provides efficient access to calibrated observational data and ancillary data products for individual X-ray sources, so that users can perform detailed further analysis using existing tools. The catalog includes real X-ray sources detected with flux estimates that are at least 3 times their estimated 1σ uncertainties in at least one energy band, while maintaining the number of spurious sources at a level of lsim1 false source per field for a 100 ks observation. For each detected source, the CSC provides commonly tabulated quantities, including source position, extent, multi-band fluxes, hardness ratios, and variability statistics, derived from the observations in which the source is detected. In addition to these traditional catalog elements, for each X-ray source the CSC includes an extensive set of file-based data products that can be manipulated interactively, including source images, event lists, light curves, and spectra from each observation in which a

L’homme-masque.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gilles Lhuilier

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Le droit de la personne et du corps pourrait être nommé le droit des masques. Persona, à Rome, c'est le masque de théâtre de l’acteur, et le rôle joué par lui, qui devait parler avec éclat (sonare, c’est-à-dire à la fois le signe et l’action représentée. La modernité a révisé cette étymologie, sous la double influence (souvent contraire du christianisme et du rationalisme, exprimant l’un et l’autre la croyance en une nature singulière de la personne, divine ou rationnelle. D’abord, le droit du corps protège le corps car il porte la trace de la personne, comme l’homme porte la trace de Dieu. Les droits de l’homme font ainsi de la dignité, à l’imitation de la théologie catholique, la catégorie qui permet de protéger le corps : l’euthanasie est interdite, l’avortement est une exception. Ensuite seulement, sous l’influence du rationalisme, le droit fait du corps une liberté du sujet qui peut donc presque tout : admissibilité d’une reproduction assistée, dons d’organes… Cette toute-puissance de l’individu exprime la croyance en l’Homme-Dieu. Un retour à l’origine étymologique romaine où le masque n’était qu’un signe, est-il aujourd’hui pensable ? À l’image des Masques Bambara ou des masques Grecs de Dionysos, la personne, et le corps ne seraient alors que des récits créant un monde de signification qui institue le sujet. L’humanité serait alors ce récit : il n’y aurait « personne » derrière le masque.The law of the person and of the body may be called the law of the masks. Persona, in Roma, is the theatre mask of the comedian and the role played by him, who had to speak heartily (sonare, i.e. both the sign and the represented action. Modernity revised such etymology under the double and contradictory influence of Christianity and rationalism, both expressing the belief in a specific nature of the person, divine or rational. Firstly, the law of the body

Le partenariat mondial sur les données ouvertes pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les données ouvertes favorisent le changement. Au Brésil, au Népal et au Nigeria, certaines personnes utilisent les données publiquement accessibles sur le budget gouvernemental pour repérer et combattre la corruption. Des analystes de données et des développeurs en TI d'autres pays en développement améliorent ...

Immunogènes axés sur les épitopes et anticorps thérapeutiques ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les maladies tropicales chez les humains et les animaux d'élevage peuvent entraîner la mort et demeurent un énorme fardeau économique et social dans les pays en développement. Actuellement, 3,6 milliards de personnes sont exposées au risque de contracter la dengue. Endémique dans 100 pays, la dengue ...

: tous les projets | Page 615 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

De nombreuses études ont révélé que plus une personne commence à fumer tôt, plus elle aura de la difficulté à arrêter. Date de début : 1 janvier 2007. End Date: 1 juillet 2010. Sujet: SMOKING, TOBACCO, YOUTH, DISADVANTAGED GROUPS, BEHAVIOUR. Région: Argentina, South America, Colombia, Middle East, ...

De la valorisation du patrimoine culturel immateriel a l'education de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Pour atteindre ces objectifs, l'étude a combiné les méthodes à la fois qualitative et quantitative appliquées sur un échantillon de cent (100) jeunes à Porto-Novo et de quatre (4) personnes ressources. Les techniques d'entretien, de questionnaire, d'étude documentaire et d'observation ont permis de collecter les données.

Le CRDI aide l'Inde à s'adapter aux changements climatiques au ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

23 févr. 2018 ... À compter de cette année, le CRDI soutiendra l'élaboration d'un nouveau programme universitaire en science et en politique de l'eau, et offrira de nouvelles bourses à des dirigeantes émergentes. Ce soutien vise à stimuler les innovations qui aideront les personnes et les communautés vulnérables à ...

Adjoint administratif (h/f) - Politiques et planification | CRDI - Centre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

à‑d. les informer au sujet des programmes et des procédures du Centre, des systèmes et des programmes informatiques, organiser des rendez-vous avec des membres clés du personnel du Centre, réacheminer les questions aux personnes-ressources compétentes au Centre, et organiser la création de comptes de ...

Les produits agricoles traditionnels peuvent améliorer la nutrition et ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

14 janv. 2013 ... Ce n'est un secret pour personne que les produits agricoles traditionnels comme les mils et les légumineuses à graines sont très nutritifs. C'est pourquoi des chercheurs collaborent actuellement avec des femmes en Inde et en Éthiopie pour faciliter l'utilisation à des fins personnelles (pour la préparation ...

Research

African Journals Online (AJOL)

raoul

16 févr. 2012 ... Page number not for citation purposes. 1. Prévalence du ... cigarettes. L'initiation du tabagisme à souvent été tardive (21,5 ans) et la dépendance est absente ou faible chez 33% des fumeurs. Les personnes pensent que ..... Idrissi Hassaria E. Tabagisme dans les structures sanitaires à Laayoune. Mémoire ...

Human Error Probability Assessment During Maintenance Activities of Marine Systems

OpenAIRE

Rabiul Islam; Faisal Khan; Rouzbeh Abbassi; Vikram Garaniya

2018-01-01

Background: Maintenance operations on-board ships are highly demanding. Maintenance operations are intensive activities requiring high man–machine interactions in challenging and evolving conditions. The evolving conditions are weather conditions, workplace temperature, ship motion, noise and vibration, and workload and stress. For example, extreme weather condition affects seafarers' performance, increasing the chances of error, and, consequently, can cause injuries or fatalities to personne...

L'innovation est-elle sexiste ? Journée internationale de la femme ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

24 avr. 2017 ... Tabitha Gathoni Mundia attribue ces statistiques au manque de modèles féminin dans le domaine des sciences et à la perception négative des femmes dans les domaines des STIM. Le président du CRDI, Jean Lebel, a accueilli environ 90 personnes à la rencontre D'un point de vue culturel, elle affirme ...

Supprimer les obstacles pour renforcer l'autonomie des femmes ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 févr. 2011 ... Ratna Kapur fait observer qu'en plus du protocole novateur contre la traite des personnes rattaché à la Convention de l'ONU contre la criminalité ... Elle cite une déclaration dans laquelle le Fonds de développement des Nations Unies pour la femme (UNIFEM) affirme que c'est au Bangladesh que la ...

Objectif : les zones cruciales au regard des changements climatiques

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

ruissellement et les phénomènes climatiques extrêmes constituent des menaces pour les deltas en. Afrique et en Asie du Sud, où sont situées quelques-unes des plus grandes villes de la planète. Des centaines de millions de personnes sont exposées, et tout particulièrement celles qui vivent dans des établissements.

2085-IJBCS-Article-Olga Yongo

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

qu'un souvenir chez certaines personnes âgées. Leur mode de vie est profondément modifié. Ils ont tendance à s'orienter vers de nouvelles techniques de chasse et de pêche, et vers l'agriculture. REFERENCES. Angenot L. 1978. Les poisons de flèches africains. 1. Zaïre, Rwanda et Burundi. Africa Tervuren, 24: 36-54.

India | Page 3 | IDRC - International Development Research Centre

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les recherches menées au Bangladesh et en Inde ont révélé que les femmes et les personnes provenant de populations marginalisées ont besoin de tribunaux qui fonctionnent bien pour exploiter leur plein potentiel. Read more about Les tribunaux, et non pas les liens de parenté, offrent de meilleures possibilités pour les ...

Neurocysticercose et vih a propos de 4 cas observes aux chu de lome

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction : la cysticercose cérébrale est l'une des plus importantes parasitoses du système nerveux central. Elle sévit essentiellement dans les pays en voie de développement notamment en Afrique Noire. En outre, en 2006, L'OMS estimait que 64 % des personnes vivant avec le VIH se trouvent également en Afrique ...

Sud du Sahara | Page 180 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Read more about Renforcement de la capacité de mener des essais de prévention de la transmission du VIH au personnel de la santé. Langue French. Read more about Établissement d'une plateforme commune de recherche sur le vaccin contre le VIH et d'un programme de traitement des personnes infectées par le VIH.

Faire progresser les droits des LGBTQI2 dans les pays en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Même lorsqu'elles ne sont pas la cible d'une discrimination juridique, ces personnes sont à risque de violence motivée par la haine, d'arrestation arbitraire, de torture, d'agression sexuelle et même de meurtre en raison de leur identité sexuelle et de son expression. Des experts du Canada, de la Colombie, des Pays-Bas et ...

Évaluation de l'incidence des programmes de transferts en espèces ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les personnes qui reçoivent ces fonds doivent satisfaire à certaines conditions, comme envoyer les enfants à l'école et utiliser les services de santé de base. De récentes données laissent entendre que les transferts en espèces peuvent contribuer à une croissance favorable aux pauvres : -en servant d'outil efficace de ...

Programme de leadership sur le climat : Renforcer la résilience de l ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

S'adressant à trente chercheurs, conseillers en politique et praticiens intermédiaires et supérieurs, le programme permettra de soutenir les personnes ayant des idées sur les changements climatiques qui peuvent être appliquées à grande échelle et possédant la motivation et le potentiel de devenir des chefs de file dans ...

Analyse de politiques pour la croissance et l'emploi | CRDI - Centre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Dans les pays en développement, les revenus du travail sont un moyen de subsistance essentiel pour les pauvres. Pourtant, ces personnes ont beaucoup de difficulté à trouver un emploi décent et à créer des petites entreprises; la plupart d'entre elles ne sont admissibles à aucun programme de sécurité sociale. Ce projet ...

Journée mondiale de l'alimentation 2015 | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

25 mai 2016 ... Le CRDI appuie l'engagement du Canada à aider des millions de personnes pauvres dans les pays en développement à briser le cercle de la faim et de la ... du CRDI ont remporté le prestigieux Prix mondial de l'alimentation, que certains appellent le « Prix Nobel de l'alimentation et de l'agriculture ».

: tous les projets | Page 443 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La croissance exponentielle de la capacité de stockage des données conjuguée à l'essor des médias sociaux et à la multiplication des applications commerciales en ligne offrent aux entreprises et aux gouvernements la possibilité d'intercepter et d'enregistrer les activités numériques d'une personne dans ses moindres ...

Ce que nous faisons | Page 133 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La croissance exponentielle de la capacité de stockage des données conjuguée à l'essor des médias sociaux et à la multiplication des applications commerciales en ligne offrent aux entreprises et aux gouvernements la possibilité d'intercepter et d'enregistrer les activités numériques d'une personne dans ses moindres ...

Philippines : tous les projets | Page 2 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La croissance exponentielle de la capacité de stockage des données conjuguée à l'essor des médias sociaux et à la multiplication des applications commerciales en ligne offrent aux entreprises et aux gouvernements la possibilité d'intercepter et d'enregistrer les activités numériques d'une personne dans ses moindres ...

Pakistan : tous les projets | Page 4 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La croissance exponentielle de la capacité de stockage des données conjuguée à l'essor des médias sociaux et à la multiplication des applications commerciales en ligne offrent aux entreprises et aux gouvernements la possibilité d'intercepter et d'enregistrer les activités numériques d'une personne dans ses moindres ...

Communication et participation communautaire : Guide pratique de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ce guide est destiné aux personnes qui travaillent dans le secteur de la recherche et du développement. Il présente les concepts de la communication participative pour le développement, traite des méthodes de communication bilatérale efficaces, et présente une méthodologie pour planifier, élaborer et évaluer les ...

Document de travail 5: Beyond Collier's Bottom Billion | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

16 déc. 2010 ... L'ouvrage de Paul Collier, The Bottom Billion, suscite un grand intérêt dans le domaine du développement. Il repose sur la thèse selon laquelle un groupe de près de 60 pays, dont la population totale avoisine un milliard de personnes, sont pris dans quatre pièges principaux.

La maîtrise des sciences de l'environnement au Moyen-Orient ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

17 janv. 2011 ... En outre, Peter Johnson, ancien professeur de géographie à l'Université Carleton, aujourd'hui retraité, a consulté plusieurs personnes qui connaissent bien et la Jordanie et le Canada afin de tracer les grandes lignes du programme de maîtrise destiné à l'Université du Yarmouk. Ouvrir les portes aux ...

: tous les projets | Page 600 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les régimes de propriété intellectuelle existants protègent les droits des personnes en ce qui a trait aux bénéfices commerciaux, mais ils ne conviennent pas, ... Région: China, Far East Asia, India, Kenya, North and Central America, Panama, Peru, South America, North of Sahara, South of Sahara, Central Asia, South Asia.

Une nouvelle démarche communautaire pour faire face aux ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

15 déc. 2010 ... Après la guerre du Vietnam, l'expression syndrome de stress posttraumatique est entrée dans notre vocabulaire. Ce syndrome est axé sur la personne, tant dans sa définition que dans les approches de son traitement. Toutefois, les conflits violents ne touchent pas seulement les individus, mais l'ensemble ...

: tous les projets | Page 159 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

À mesure que les pays de l'Asie du Sud s'acheminent vers une plus grande intégration économique, on voit apparaître tout un éventail de difficultés interreliées ayant trait aux garanties constitutionnelles et aux garanties des droits de la personne. End Date: 17 mars 2016. Sujet: PRISONS. Région: Bangladesh, India, Nepal ...

India : tous les projets | Page 7 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

À mesure que les pays de l'Asie du Sud s'acheminent vers une plus grande intégration économique, on voit apparaître tout un éventail de difficultés interreliées ayant trait aux garanties constitutionnelles et aux garanties des droits de la personne. End Date: 17 mars 2016. Sujet: PRISONS, Gender. Région: Bangladesh ...

South of Sahara | Page 6 | IDRC - International Development ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

South of Sahara. Sud du Sahara. Read more about Subventions et bourses en faveur de l'égalité des sexes et du développement des innovations numériques. Language French. Read more about Réseaux d'accès communautaire : faire accéder à Internet un milliard de personnes de plus. Language French. Read more ...

Le microdosage des engrais, une innovation qui profite aux femmes

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

non seulement une diminution de leurs revenus, mais doivent aussi composer avec une pénurie chronique de céréales. Au Niger, par exemple, 2,5 millions de personnes ont eu besoin d'une aide alimentaire en 2005, par suite d'une grave sécheresse (PAM, 2010). Cette situation s'est reproduite en 2010, la mauvaise.

Le CRDI au Bhoutan

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Il en résulte des solutions locales, novatrices et durables, qui offrent des choix aux personnes qui en ont le plus besoin et font changer les choses. Centre de recherches pour le développement international. CP 8500, Ottawa (Ontario) Canada K1G 3H9. Pour en savoir plus, consulter la page. Web du Bureau régional de ...

Le CRDI en Égypte

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

afin d'y favoriser la croissance et le développement. Il en résulte des solutions locales, novatrices et durables, qui offrent des choix aux personnes qui en ont le plus besoin et font changer les choses. Centre de recherches pour le développement international. CP 8500, Ottawa (Ontario) Canada K1G 3H9. 1012 alexandrie.

Des chercheurs en quête de couverture médiatique participent à un ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

8 août 2014 ... Cette activité, intitulée « Pitch Perfect? From the Field to the Front Page » et parrainée par le CRDI, a attiré 75 personnes. .... Fighting poverty in developing countries: Should the focus be on households or women? Recent research into decision-making in households has produced some relevant — and ...

Réduction de la malnutrition et retour à une diversité biologique et ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le défi. En Inde, beaucoup de personnes pauvres vivent dans des régions rurales fortement tributaires de l'agriculture. Or, la grande diversité des cultures traditionnellement pratiquées dans ces régions est aujourd'hui fréquemment mise à mal par les politiques gouvernementales, qui encouragent la culture du riz et du blé.

Inde | Page 77 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Ce n'est un secret pour personne que les produits agricoles traditionnels comme les mils et les légumineuses à graines sont très nutritifs. C'est pourquoi des chercheurs collaborent actuellement avec des femmes en Inde et en Éthiopie pour faciliter l'utilisation à des fins personnelles (pour la préparation de repas sains) et ...

pour les femmes et les enfants vulnérables

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

santé et mettre au point des services de soins de santé primaires accessibles ...... et des attentes des personnes (réformes au chapitre de la prestation des ..... la perception des recettes, la mise en commun des fonds, et la prestation ou ...... locale de médicaments,109 et la migration des travailleurs de la santé des pays du ...

Gestionnaire (h/f), Administration des subventions | CRDI - Centre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

En qualité de personne-ressource clé, le gestionnaire doit donner des conseils éclairés en matière d'administration des subventions, d'évaluation des risques administratifs liés aux institutions, de gestion financière et de préparation de documents juridiques pendant tout le cycle de vie des projets ou programmes.

New source review for stationary sources of air pollution

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Committee on Changes in New Source Review Programs for Stationary Sources of Air Pollution, National Research Council

2006-01-01

The Clean Air Act established a pair of programsâ€"known as New Source Review (NSR)â€"that regulate large stationary sources of air pollution, such as factories and electricity-generating facilities...

On the need of a correct information of the public regarding the benefits and risks of medical exposure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Milu, Constantin

1998-01-01

Medical exposure represents the main source of artificial irradiation of the population and it is determined by the use of diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of X-ray generators and sealed and unsealed sources in diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy. Benefits of use of ionizing radiation in medicine are very well recognized and they can be expressed in obtaining morphologic and functional information on lesions determined by a pathologic situation, undetected by other diagnostic methods and/or the destroy of neo-formative tissues, particularly malign, resisting to other medical treatments. Finally, the result is the reduction of lethality of those diseases which benefited from an early diagnostic and the extension of life expectancy, following radiotherapy. The potential risks of medical exposure are accepted as a fact. Epidemiological studies are known on increased incidences of leucoses in patients after irradiation of the spine for spondyl-arthritis and in children irradiated in-utero, high frequency of thyroid cancer in children irradiated for thymus persistence, diseases and hereditary malformations in children from irradiated parents. A special situation is the radiation protection of the unborn child. Do to the increased number of radiological medical procedures, there is a clear need for correct information of the public regarding the benefits (i.e. to not avoid any necessary procedure) and the risks (to reduce non-useful irradiation) of the medical exposure

Miniature neutron sources: Thermal neutron sources and their users in the academic field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Egelstaff, P.A.

1992-01-01

The three levels of thermal neutron sources are introduced - University laboratory sources infrastructure sources and world-class sources - and the needs for each kind and their inter-dependence will be emphasized. A description of the possibilities for University sources based on α-Be reactions or spontaneous fission emission is given, and current experience with them is described. A new generation of infrastructure sources is needed to continue the regional programs based on small reactors. Some possibilities for accelerator sources that could meet this need are considered

Negative ion sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishikawa, Junzo; Takagi, Toshinori

1983-01-01

Negative ion sources have been originally developed at the request of tandem electrostatic accelerators, and hundreds of nA to several μA negative ion current has been obtained so far for various elements. Recently, the development of large current hydrogen negative ion sources has been demanded from the standpoint of the heating by neutral particle beam injection in nuclear fusion reactors. On the other hand, the physical properties of negative ions are interesting in the thin film formation using ions. Anyway, it is the present status that the mechanism of negative ion action has not been so fully investigated as positive ions because the history of negative ion sources is short. In this report, the many mechanisms about the generation of negative ions proposed so far are described about negative ion generating mechanism, negative ion source plasma, and negative ion generation on metal surfaces. As a result, negative ion sources are roughly divided into two schemes, plasma extraction and secondary ion extraction, and the former is further classified into the PIG ion source and its variation and Duoplasmatron and its variation; while the latter into reflecting and sputtering types. In the second half of the report, the practical negative ion sources of each scheme are described. If the mechanism of negative ion generation will be investigated more in detail and the development will be continued under the unified know-how as negative ion sources in future, the development of negative ion sources with which large current can be obtained for any element is expected. (Wakatsuki, Y.)

Performance analyses of Z-source and quasi Z-source inverter for photovoltaic applications

Science.gov (United States)

Himabind, S.; Priya, T. Hari; Manjeera, Ch.

2018-04-01

This paper presents the comparative analysis of Z-source and Quasi Z-source converter for renewable energy applications. Due to the dependency of renewable energy sources on external weather conditions the output voltage, current changes accordingly which effects the performance of traditional voltage source and current source inverters connected across it. To overcome the drawbacks of VSI and CSI, Z-source and Quasi Z-source inverter (QZSI) are used, which can perform multiple tasks like ac-to-dc, dc-to-ac, ac-to-ac, dc-to-dc conversion. They can be used for both buck and boost operations, by utilizing the shoot-through zero state. The QZSI is derived from the ZSI topology, with a slight change in the impedance network and it overcomes the drawbacks of ZSI. The QZSI draws a constant current from the source when compared to ZSI. A comparative analysis is performed between Z-source and Quasi Z-source inverter, simulation is performed in MATLAB/Simulink environment.

Retention of fissure sealants using two different methods of application in teeth with hypomineralised molars (MIH): a 4 year clinical study.

Science.gov (United States)

Lygidakis, N A; Dimou, G; Stamataki, E

2009-12-01

This was to evaluate the retention rate of fissure sealants applied to MIH molars with occlusal enamel opacities, using two different application methods after 4 years. 54 children exhibiting molars with MIH aged 6-7 years, participated in the study. presence of at least 2 fully erupted caries-free maxillary or mandibular first permanent molars in the opposite sides of the mouth, both with occlusal enamel opacities without breakdown. Following parental consent, sealants were applied using a half-mouth experimental design. Group A: On a randomly assigned first molar on one side of the mouth sealants Fissurit were placed using a single bottle adhesive system (One-step prior to sealant application. Group B: Sealants were applied on the contra-lateral molar using the conventional etch and seal technique. Children were seen biannually when a preventive program was applied, without replacing any lost sealant. After 4 years, 47 sets of molars (94 teeth) were available for blind evaluation. Teeth in Group A presented a better retention rate; 70.2% were fully sealed, 29.7% partly sealed and none unsealed (lost sealant). Group B revealed 25.5% fully sealed, 44.6% partly sealed and 29.7% unsealed teeth. Differences between groups A and B were statistically significant (p0.01). In hypomineralised molars with occlusal opacities sealants appear to have greater retention when applied using 5th generation adhesive systems prior to sealant.

Dominant factors governing the rate capability of a TiO2 nanotube anode for high power lithium ion batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Han, Hyungkyu; Song, Taeseup; Lee, Eung-Kwan; Devadoss, Anitha; Jeon, Yeryung; Ha, Jaehwan; Chung, Yong-Chae; Choi, Young-Min; Jung, Yeon-Gil; Paik, Ungyu

2012-09-25

Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) is one of the most promising anode materials for lithium ion batteries due to low cost and structural stability during Li insertion/extraction. However, its poor rate capability limits its practical use. Although various approaches have been explored to overcome this problem, previous reports have mainly focused on the enhancement of both the electronic conductivity and the kinetic associated with lithium in the composite film of active material/conducting agent/binder. Here, we systematically explore the effect of the contact resistance between a current collector and a composite film of active material/conducting agent/binder on the rate capability of a TiO(2)-based electrode. The vertically aligned TiO(2) nanotubes arrays, directly grown on the current collector, with sealed cap and unsealed cap, and conventional randomly oriented TiO(2) nanotubes electrodes were prepared for this study. The vertically aligned TiO(2) nanotubes array electrode with unsealed cap showed superior performance with six times higher capacity at 10 C rate compared to conventional randomly oriented TiO(2) nanotubes electrode with 10 wt % conducting agent. On the basis of the detailed experimental results and associated theoretical analysis, we demonstrate that the reduction of the contact resistance between electrode and current collector plays an important role in improving the electronic conductivity of the overall electrode system.

Orphan sources in Slovenia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Janzekovic, H.; Cesarek, J.

2005-01-01

For decades the international standards and requirements postulate severe control over all lifecycle phases of radioactive sources in order to prevent risks associated with exposure of people and the environment. Despite this fact the orphan sources became a serious problem as a consequence of enlargement of economic transactions in many countries in Europe as well as in the world. The countries as well as international organisations, aware of this emerging problem, are trying to gain control over orphan sources using different approaches. These approaches include control over sources before they could become orphan sources. In addition, countries are also developing action plans in case that an orphan source could be found. The problems related to orphan sources in Slovenia is discussed based on the case studies from the last years. While in the nineties of the last century just a few cases of orphan sources were identified their number has increased substantially since 2003. The paper discusses the general reasons for the phenomena of orphan sources as well as the experience related to regaining control over orphan sources. (author)

CHANDRA ACIS SURVEY OF X-RAY POINT SOURCES: THE SOURCE CATALOG

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Song; Liu, Jifeng; Qiu, Yanli; Bai, Yu; Yang, Huiqin; Guo, Jincheng; Zhang, Peng, E-mail: jfliu@bao.ac.cn, E-mail: songw@bao.ac.cn [Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012 (China)

2016-06-01

The Chandra archival data is a valuable resource for various studies on different X-ray astronomy topics. In this paper, we utilize this wealth of information and present a uniformly processed data set, which can be used to address a wide range of scientific questions. The data analysis procedures are applied to 10,029 Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer observations, which produces 363,530 source detections belonging to 217,828 distinct X-ray sources. This number is twice the size of the Chandra Source Catalog (Version 1.1). The catalogs in this paper provide abundant estimates of the detected X-ray source properties, including source positions, counts, colors, fluxes, luminosities, variability statistics, etc. Cross-correlation of these objects with galaxies shows that 17,828 sources are located within the D {sub 25} isophotes of 1110 galaxies, and 7504 sources are located between the D {sub 25} and 2 D {sub 25} isophotes of 910 galaxies. Contamination analysis with the log N –log S relation indicates that 51.3% of objects within 2 D {sub 25} isophotes are truly relevant to galaxies, and the “net” source fraction increases to 58.9%, 67.3%, and 69.1% for sources with luminosities above 10{sup 37}, 10{sup 38}, and 10{sup 39} erg s{sup −1}, respectively. Among the possible scientific uses of this catalog, we discuss the possibility of studying intra-observation variability, inter-observation variability, and supersoft sources (SSSs). About 17,092 detected sources above 10 counts are classified as variable in individual observation with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) criterion ( P {sub K–S} < 0.01). There are 99,647 sources observed more than once and 11,843 sources observed 10 times or more, offering us a wealth of data with which to explore the long-term variability. There are 1638 individual objects (∼2350 detections) classified as SSSs. As a quite interesting subclass, detailed studies on X-ray spectra and optical spectroscopic follow-up are needed to

Source Security Program in the Philippines: a lost source search experience

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romallosa, Kristine M.; Salabit, Maria T.; Caseria, Estrella; Valdezco, Eulinia

2008-01-01

The Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI), the national agency in the licensing and regulations of radioactive materials in the country, is strengthening its capabilities in the security of radioactive sources. Part of this program is the PNRI's participation in the Regional Security of Radioactive Sources (RSRS) Project of the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO). The project has provided equipment and methods training, assistance in the development of PNRI's own training program and support for actual orphan source search activities. On May 2007, a source search for the two lost Cs-137 level gauges of a steel manufacturing company was conducted by the PNRI and ANSTO. The source search are the: a) Development of instrument and source search training for the team, the National Training Workshop on Orphan Source Searches which was organized and conducted as a result of train-the-trainors fellowship under the RSRS project; and b) Planning and implementation of the lost source search activity. The conduct of the actual search on warehouses, product yard, canals, dust storage, steel making building, scrap yards and nearby junk shops of the steel plant took one week. The week-long search did not find the lost sources. However, naturally occurring radioactive materials identified to be Thorium, were found on sands, bricks and sack piles that are stored and/or generally present in the warehouses, yard and steel making building. The search activity had therefore cleared the facility of the lost source and its corresponding hazards. The NORM found present in the plant's premises on the other hand brought the attention of the management of the needed measures to ensure safety of the staff from possible hazards of these materials. Currently, the course syllabus that was developed is continuously enhanced to accommodate the training needs of the PNRI staff particularly for the emergency response and preparedness. This component of the source

Cold source vessel development for the advanced neutron source

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Williams, P.T.; Lucas, A.T. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)

1995-09-01

The Advanced Neutron Source (ANS), in its conceptual design phase at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), will be a user-oriented neutron research facility that will produce the most intense flux of neutrons in the world. Among its many scientific applications, the productions of cold neutrons is a significant research mission for the ANS. The cold neutrons come from two independent cold sources positioned near the reactor core. Contained by an aluminum alloy vessel, each cold source is a 410 mm diameter sphere of liquid deuterium that functions both as a neutron moderator and a cryogenic coolant. With nuclear heating of the containment vessel and internal baffling, steady-state operation requires close control of the liquid deuterium flow near the vessel`s inner surface. Preliminary thermal-hydraulic analyses supporting the cold source design are being performed with multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations of the liquid deuterium flow and heat transfer. This paper presents the starting phase of a challenging program and describes the cold source conceptual design, the thermal-hydraulic feasibility studies of the containment vessel, and the future computational and experimental studies that will be used to verify the final design.

Dual-Source Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Reconstructed on Integrated Spectrum

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shoude Chang

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Dual-source swept-source optical coherence tomography (DS-SSOCT has two individual sources with different central wavelengths, linewidth, and bandwidths. Because of the difference between the two sources, the individually reconstructed tomograms from each source have different aspect ratio, which makes the comparison and integration difficult. We report a method to merge two sets of DS-SSOCT raw data in a common spectrum, on which both data have the same spectrum density and a correct separation. The reconstructed tomographic image can seamlessly integrate the two bands of OCT data together. The final image has higher axial resolution and richer spectroscopic information than any of the individually reconstructed tomography image.

Brighter H- source for the intense pulsed neutron source accelerator system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stipp, V.; DeWitt, A.; Madsen, J.

1983-01-01

Further increases in the beam intensity of the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) at Argonne National Laboratory required the replacement of the H - source with a higher current source. A magnetron ion source of Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) design was adapted with a grooved cathode to provide a stable 40 to 50 mA of beam operating at 30 Hz for up to a 90 μs pulse duration. Problems of space charge blowup due to the lack of neutralization of the H - beam were solved by injecting additional gs into the 20 keV transport system. The source has recently been installed in the machine and the available input to the accelerator has more than doubled

A Comparative View of Equality Under the UN Convention on the Rights of PERSONS with Disabilities and the Disability Laws of the United States and Canada

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arlene S Kanter

2015-10-01

Full Text Available In 2006, the United Nations adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities [CRPD], the first international treaty addressing specifically the rights of people with disabilities, including in the workplace.  The purpose of the CRPD is “to promote, protect and ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons with disabilities, and to promote respect for their inherent dignity....” The CRPD has been ratified by 160 countries, including Canada, but not yet by the United States. Article 27 of the CRPD, entitled Work and Employment, prohibits not only discrimination against people with disabilities in employment, but also the right of people with disabilities to reasonable accommodations, equal remuneration for work of equal value, safe and healthy working conditions,  assistance in finding, obtaining, maintaining and returning to employment,  rehabilitation, job retention and return-to-work programmes,  as well as affirmative action programmes, incentives and other measures to promote equal employment opportunities. As compared to the Americans with Disabilities Act and the Canadian Charter, the CRPD, therefore, goes beyond prohibiting discrimination and instead seeks to ensure greater substantive equality for people with disabilities in the workplace.  As such, the author proposes that both US and Canadian legislatures and courts should look to the CRPD to help their respective countries move beyond traditional notions of formal equality towards a new right to substantive equality in the workplace for people with disabilities. En 2006, les Nations Unies ont adopté la Convention relative aux droits des personnes handicapées [CDPH], le premier traité international portant explicitement sur les droits des personnes handicapées, y compris les droits dans le milieu de travail. La CDPH a pour objet de « promouvoir, protéger et assurer la pleine et égale jouissance de tous

Sourcing Excellence

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Adeyemi, Oluseyi

2011-01-01

Sourcing Excellence is one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) in this world of ever changing sourcing strategies. Manufacturing companies need to access and diagnose the reliability and competencies of existing suppliers in order to coordinate and develop them. This would help in managing...

Comparison of the hypothetical (57)Co brachytherapy source with the (192)Ir source.

Science.gov (United States)

Toossi, Mohammad Taghi Bahreyni; Ghorbani, Mahdi; Rostami, Atefeh; Khosroabadi, Mohsen; Khademi, Sara; Knaup, Courtney

2016-01-01

The (57)Co radioisotope has recently been proposed as a hypothetical brachytherapy source due to its high specific activity, appropriate half-life (272 days) and medium energy photons (114.17 keV on average). In this study, Task Group No. 43 dosimetric parameters were calculated and reported for a hypothetical (57)Co source. A hypothetical (57)Co source was simulated in MCNPX, consisting of an active cylinder with 3.5 mm length and 0.6 mm radius encapsulated in a stainless steel capsule. Three photon energies were utilized (136 keV [10.68%], 122 keV [85.60%], 14 keV [9.16%]) for the (57)Co source. Air kerma strength, dose rate constant, radial dose function, anisotropy function, and isodose curves for the source were calculated and compared to the corresponding data for a (192)Ir source. The results are presented as tables and figures. Air kerma strength per 1 mCi activity for the (57)Co source was 0.46 cGyh(-1) cm 2 mCi(-1). The dose rate constant for the (57)Co source was determined to be 1.215 cGyh(-1)U(-1). The radial dose function for the (57)Co source has an increasing trend due to multiple scattering of low energy photons. The anisotropy function for the (57)Co source at various distances from the source is more isotropic than the (192)Ir source. The (57)Co source has advantages over (192)Ir due to its lower energy photons, longer half-life, higher dose rate constant and more isotropic anisotropic function. However, the (192)Ir source has a higher initial air kerma strength and more uniform radial dose function. These properties make (57)Co a suitable source for use in brachytherapy applications.

Open Source Software: critical review of scientific literature and other sources

OpenAIRE

Querol del Amo, Marc

2007-01-01

This thesis presents the results of a survey of Open Source Licensing literature. It aims to assist the reader in choosing the best license for his/her business. For this reason, the content of this thesis can be divided into: (i) an open source licensing overview, (ii) the explication of the main features of the most popular open source licenses, (iii) the consequences of using one or another and (iv) the critical or controversial issues related to Open Source Licensing. Furthermore, at the ...

Research on point source simulating the γ-ray detection efficiencies of stander source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tian Zining; Jia Mingyan; Shen Maoquan; Yang Xiaoyan; Cheng Zhiwei

2010-01-01

For φ 75 mm x 25 mm sample, the full energy peak efficiencies on different heights of sample radius were obtained using the point sources, and the function parameters about the full energy peak efficiencies of point sources based on radius was fixed. The 59.54 keV γ-ray, 661.66 keV γ-ray, 1173.2 keV γ-ray, 1332.5 keV γ-ray detection efficiencies on different height of samples were obtained, based on the full energy peak efficiencies of point sources and its height, and the function parameters about the full energy peak efficiencies of surface sources based on sample height was fixed. The detection efficiency of (75 mm x 25 mm calibration source can be obtained by integrality, the detection efficiencies simulated by point sources are consistent with the results of stander source in 10%. Therefore, the calibration method of stander source can be substituted by the point source simulation method, and it tis feasible when there is no stander source.) (authors)

Review of Sealed Source Designs and Manufacturing Techniques Affecting Disused Source Management

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-10-01

This publication presents an investigation on the influence of the design and technical features of sealed radioactive sources (SRSs) on predisposal and disposal activities when the sources become disused. The publication also addresses whether design modifications could contribute to safer and/or more efficient management of disused sources without compromising the benefits provided by the use of the sealed sources. This technical publication aims to collect information on the most typical design features and manufacturing techniques of sealed radioactive sources and examines how they affect the safe management of disused sealed radioactive sources (DSRS). The publication also aims to assist source designers and manufacturers by discussing design features that are important from the waste management point of view. It has been identified that most SRS manufacturers use similar geometries and materials for their designs and apply improved and reliable manufacturing techniques e.g. double- encapsulation. These designs and manufacturing techniques have been proven over time to reduce contamination levels in fabrication and handling, and improve source integrity and longevity. The current source designs and materials ensure as well as possible that SRSs will maintain their integrity in use and when they become disused. No significant improvement options to current designs have been identified. However, some design considerations were identified as important to facilitate source retrieval, to increase the possibility of re-use and to ensure minimal contamination risk and radioactive waste generation at recycling. It was also concluded that legible identifying markings on a source are critical for DSRS management. The publication emphasizes the need for a common understanding of the radioactive source's recommended working life (RWL) for manufacturers and regulators. The conditions of use (COU) are important for the determination of RWL. A formal system for specification

Wavelength sweepable laser source

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2014-01-01

Wavelength sweepable laser source is disclosed, wherein the laser source is a semiconductor laser source adapted for generating laser light at a lasing wavelength. The laser source comprises a substrate, a first reflector, and a second reflector. The first and second reflector together defines...... and having a rest position, the second reflector and suspension together defining a microelectromechanical MEMS oscillator. The MEMS oscillator has a resonance frequency and is adapted for oscillating the second reflector on either side of the rest position.; The laser source further comprises electrical...... connections adapted for applying an electric field to the MEMS oscillator. Furthermore, a laser source system and a method of use of the laser source are disclosed....

Electron backstream to the source plasma region in an ion source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ohara, Y.; Akiba, M.; Arakawa, Y.; Okumura, Y.; Sakuraba, J.

1980-01-01

The flux of backstream electrons to the source plasma region increases significantly with the acceleration voltage of an ion beam, so that the back plate in the arc chamber should be broken for quasi-dc operation. The flux of backstream electrons is estimated at the acceleration voltage of 50--100 kV for a proton beam with the aid of ion beam simulation code. The power flux of backstream electrons is up to about 7% of the total beam output at the acceleration voltage of 75 kV. It is pointed out that the conventional ion sources such as the duoPIGatron or the bucket source which use a magnetic field for source plasma production are not suitable for quasi-dc and high-energy ion sources, because the surface heat flux of the back plate is increased by the focusing of backstream electrons and the removal of it is quite difficult. A new ion source which has an electron beam dump in the arc chamber is proposed

Identifying Sources of Scientific Knowledge: classifying non-source items in the WoS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Calero-Medina, C.M.

2016-07-01

The sources of scientific knowledge can be tracked using the references in scientific publications. For instance, the publications from the scientific journals covered by the Web of Science database (WoS) contain references to publications for which an indexed source record exist in the WoS (source items) or to references for which an indexed source record does not exist in the WoS (non-source items). The classification of the non-source items is the main objective of the work in progress presented here. Some other scholars have classified and identified non-source items with different purposes (e.g. Butler & Visser (2006); Liseé, Larivière & Archambault (2008); Nerderhof, van Leeuwen & van Raan (2010); Hicks & Wang (2013); Boyack & Klavans (2014)). But these studies are focused in specific source types, fields or set of papers. The work presented here is much broader in terms of the number of publications, source types and fields. (Author)

Spallation neutron sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fraser, J.S.; Bartholomew, G.A.

1983-01-01

The principles and theory of spallation neutron sources are outlined and a comparison is given with other types of neutron source. A summary of the available accelerator types for spallation neutron sources and their advantages and disadvantages is presented. Suitable target materials are discussed for specific applications, and typical target assemblies shown. (U.K.)

Alternatives to Detention in France: much ado about law, little about criminology / Mesures alternatives à l’incarcération en France: beaucoup de bruit sur la loi, pour rien ou presque sur la criminologie

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Herzog-Evans Martine

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Il presente articolo descrive sinteticamente il contesto politico e sociale nel quale sono maturate le discussioni relative alle alternative alla detenzione in Francia. Successivamente, analizza le alternative previste attualmente evidenziandone la ratio giuridica e criminologica ed esprimendone una succinta valutazione. Infine, vengono riportate ulteriori informazioni circa le alternative alla detenzione previste per specifiche categorie di persone. Cet article décrit tout d’abord le contexte politique et social dans lequel il conviendrait d’échanger sur les alternatives à la détention en France. Il analyse ensuite les alternatives existantes en expliquant leur nature et leurs sources juridiques et criminologiques avant de donner une courte évaluation des solutions alternatives à la détention. L’article se termine par un supplément d’informations sur les alternatives à l’incarcération pour certaines catégories de personnes. This article first sketches the political and social context in which the discussions about alternatives to detention in France are to be situated. It then analyses the existing alternatives by explaining their legal and criminological rationale and sources, and goes on providing a short evaluation of the alternatives to detention. It concludes with more information about alternatives to detention for specific categories of persons.

SEQUOIA Institute: A multidisciplinary private service for the care of senior citizens L’Institut SEQUOIA : Un service privé multidisciplinaire pour les soins des personnes du troisième âge Instituto SEQUOIA : Un servicio privado y multidisciplinario de atención a las personas de la tercera edad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anelise Fonseca

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Population aging is a reality all over the world, requiring a change in the way care is perceived and resources are divided for different age groups. In Brazil, current indicators and projections place the country among those with the highest number of elderly people. By contrast, there is a shortage of action plans and inter- and multi-disciplinary teams, as well as public policies and professionals, focusing on the elderly, in part as a consequence of an accelerated aging process in developing countries. Within this context, the SEQUOIA Institute (IS was created to attend to this process by monitoring the overall health of patients. The institute's routine work includes clinical actions, team meetings, socialization projects and lectures. The IS features a 10% yearly growth in medical assistance, a 20% rise in psychological treatments, and a 50% increase in lecture attendance.Le vieillissement de la population est un phénomène mondial qui exige de revoir la façon dont sont perçus les soins et dont sont divisées les ressources en fonction des différentes tranches d’âge. Les indicateurs et les projections actuels montrent que le Brésil est le pays qui compte la plus grande proportion de personnes âgées. Et pourtant, les plans d’action, les équipes inter- et pluridisciplinaires, mais aussi les politiques publiques et les professionnels spécialistes des questions liées aux personnes âgées sont en nombre insuffisant, notamment en raison d’un processus de vieillissement accéléré dans les pays en développement. C’est dans ce contexte qu’a été créé l’Institut SEQUOIA (IS, dont la mission consiste à gérer ce processus en effectuant un suivi de la santé générale des patients. Les principales tâches de l’institut incluent études cliniques, réunions d’équipes, projets impliquant des débats et conférences. L’IS affiche une croissance annuelle de 10 % dans le secteur de l’assistance médicale, de 20

The Chandra Source Catalog: Source Properties and Data Products

Science.gov (United States)

Rots, Arnold; Evans, Ian N.; Glotfelty, Kenny J.; Primini, Francis A.; Zografou, Panagoula; Anderson, Craig S.; Bonaventura, Nina R.; Chen, Judy C.; Davis, John E.; Doe, Stephen M.; Evans, Janet D.; Fabbiano, Giuseppina; Galle, Elizabeth C.; Gibbs, Danny G., II; Grier, John D.; Hain, Roger; Hall, Diane M.; Harbo, Peter N.; He, Xiang Qun (Helen); Houck, John C.; Karovska, Margarita; Kashyap, Vinay L.; Lauer, Jennifer; McCollough, Michael L.; McDowell, Jonathan C.; Miller, Joseph B.; Mitschang, Arik W.; Morgan, Douglas L.; Mossman, Amy E.; Nichols, Joy S.; Nowak, Michael A.; Plummer, David A.; Refsdal, Brian L.; Siemiginowska, Aneta L.; Sundheim, Beth A.; Tibbetts, Michael S.; van Stone, David W.; Winkelman, Sherry L.

2009-09-01

The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) is breaking new ground in several areas. There are two aspects that are of particular interest to the users: its evolution and its contents. The CSC will be a living catalog that becomes richer, bigger, and better in time while still remembering its state at each point in time. This means that users will be able to take full advantage of new additions to the catalog, while retaining the ability to back-track and return to what was extracted in the past. The CSC sheds the limitations of flat-table catalogs. Its sources will be characterized by a large number of properties, as usual, but each source will also be associated with its own specific data products, allowing users to perform mini custom analysis on the sources. Source properties fall in the spatial (position, extent), photometric (fluxes, count rates), spectral (hardness ratios, standard spectral fits), and temporal (variability probabilities) domains, and are all accompanied by error estimates. Data products cover the same coordinate space and include event lists, images, spectra, and light curves. In addition, the catalog contains data products covering complete observations: event lists, background images, exposure maps, etc. This work is supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060 (CXC).

EPA's Radioactive Source Program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kopsick, D.

2004-01-01

The US EPA is the lead Federal agency for emergency responses to unknown radiological materials, not licensed, owned or operated by a Federal agency or an Agreement state (Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan, 1996). The purpose of EPA's clean materials programme is to keep unwanted and unregulated radioactive material out of the public domain. This is achieved by finding and securing lost sources, maintaining control of existing sources and preventing future losses. The focus is on both, domestic and international fronts. The domestic program concentrates on securing lost sources, preventing future losses, alternative technologies like tagging of radioactive sources in commerce, pilot radioactive source roundup, training programs, scrap metal and metal processing facilities, the demolition industry, product stewardship and alternatives to radioactive devices (fewer radioactive source devices means fewer orphan sources). The international program consists of securing lost sources, preventing future losses, radiation monitoring of scrap metal at ports and the international scrap metal monitoring protocol

Hubble Source Catalog

Science.gov (United States)

Lubow, S.; Budavári, T.

2013-10-01

We have created an initial catalog of objects observed by the WFPC2 and ACS instruments on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The catalog is based on observations taken on more than 6000 visits (telescope pointings) of ACS/WFC and more than 25000 visits of WFPC2. The catalog is obtained by cross matching by position in the sky all Hubble Legacy Archive (HLA) Source Extractor source lists for these instruments. The source lists describe properties of source detections within a visit. The calculations are performed on a SQL Server database system. First we collect overlapping images into groups, e.g., Eta Car, and determine nearby (approximately matching) pairs of sources from different images within each group. We then apply a novel algorithm for improving the cross matching of pairs of sources by adjusting the astrometry of the images. Next, we combine pairwise matches into maximal sets of possible multi-source matches. We apply a greedy Bayesian method to split the maximal matches into more reliable matches. We test the accuracy of the matches by comparing the fluxes of the matched sources. The result is a set of information that ties together multiple observations of the same object. A byproduct of the catalog is greatly improved relative astrometry for many of the HST images. We also provide information on nondetections that can be used to determine dropouts. With the catalog, for the first time, one can carry out time domain, multi-wavelength studies across a large set of HST data. The catalog is publicly available. Much more can be done to expand the catalog capabilities.

Pulsed vapor source for use in ion sources for heavy-ion accelerators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shiloh, J.; Chupp, W.; Faltens, A.; Keefe, D.; Kim, C.; Rosenblum, S.; Tiefenback, M.

1980-01-01

A pulsed cesium vapor source for use in ion sources for high-current heavy-ion accelerators is described. The source employs a vacuum spark in Cs and its properties are measured with a hot-filament Cs detector