Hyperfine field at 111Cd nuclei in Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Styczen, B.; Walus, W.; Szytula, A.

1978-01-01

The magnitudes and signs of the hyperfine fields in the ordered ferromagnetic Heusler Alloys X 2 MnZ and XMnZ (where X is Cu, Ni, Pd while Z is In, Sn and Sb) have been investigated at liquid nitrogen and room temperatures using TDPAC method. Their signs have been found to be negative. The results have been compared with the predictions of Caroll-Blandin and Cambell-Blandin models and RKKY theory. (Auth)

61Ni Moessbauer study of the surface hyperfine magnetic field in nickel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stadnik, Z.M.; Stroink, G.; Griesbach, P.; Guetlich, P.; Kohara, T.

1988-01-01

61 Ni Moessbauer measurements have been performed at 4.2 K on spherical Ni particles with an average diameter of 100 and 30 A, covered with a protective layer of SiO. Their spectra contain a surface component with a significantly reduced hyperfine magnetic field as compared with the field in the bulk. This result confirms recent theoretical predictions. (orig.)

Moessbauer investigation of magnetic hyperfine fields near bivalent Eu compounds under high pressure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abd Elmeguid, M.

1979-01-01

The paper deals with the pressure or volume dependence of hyperfine interactions of magnetically ordered, bivalent europium compounds. Emphasis is laid on the investigation of the pressure or volume dependence of magnetic hyperfine fields as they are found at the nuclear site of 151 Eu or of diamagnetic 119 Sn or 197 Au probe atoms. The measurements were carried out with the aid of the gamma resonance of 151 Eu (21.6 keV) 119 Sn (23.8 keV) and 167 Au (77.4 keV) at low temperatures and external pressures up to 65 kbar. (orig./WBU) [de

Hyperfine interaction mechanism of magnetic field effects in sequential fluorophore and exciplex fluorescence.

Science.gov (United States)

Dodin, Dmitry V; Ivanov, Anatoly I; Burshtein, Anatoly I

2013-03-28

The magnetic field effect on the fluorescence of the photoexcited electron acceptor, (1)A∗, and the exciplex, (1)[D(+δ)A(-δ)] formed at contact of (1)A∗ with an electron donor (1)D, is theoretically explored in the framework of Integral Encounter Theory. It is assumed that the excited fluorophore is equilibrated with the exciplex that reversibly dissociates into the radical-ion pair. The magnetic field sensitive stage is the spin conversion in the resulting geminate radical-ion pair, (1, 3)[D(+)...A(-)] that proceeds due to hyperfine interaction. We confirm our earlier conclusion (obtained with a rate description of spin conversion) that in the model with a single nucleus spin 1/2 the magnitude of the Magnetic Field Effect (MFE) also vanishes in the opposite limits of low and high dielectric permittivity of the solvent. Moreover, it is shown that MFE being positive at small hyperfine interaction A, first increases with A but approaching the maximum starts to decrease and even changes the sign.

Hyperfine magnetic fields at 111Cd in Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Styczen, B.; Szytula, A.; Walus, W.

1977-01-01

The magnitudes and signs of the hyperfine magnetic field on 111 Cd nuclei at Z sites in the ordered ferromagnetic Heusler alloys X 2 MnZ and XMnZ (where X is Cu, Ni, Pd while Z is In, Sn and Sb) have been investigated at liquid nitrogen and room temperatures using TDPAC method. Their signs have been found to be negative. The results have been compared with the predictions of Caroli-Blandin and Campbell-Blandin models and RKKY theory. (author)

Hyperfine-Interaction-Driven Suppression of Quantum Tunneling at Zero Field in a Holmium(III) Single-Ion Magnet.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Yan-Cong; Liu, Jun-Liang; Wernsdorfer, Wolfgang; Liu, Dan; Chibotaru, Liviu F; Chen, Xiao-Ming; Tong, Ming-Liang

2017-04-24

An extremely rare non-Kramers holmium(III) single-ion magnet (SIM) is reported to be stabilized in the pentagonal-bipyramidal geometry by a phosphine oxide with a high energy barrier of 237(4) cm -1 . The suppression of the quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) at zero field and the hyperfine structures originating from field-induced QTMs can be observed even from the field-dependent alternating-current magnetic susceptibility in addition to single-crystal hysteresis loops. These dramatic dynamics were attributed to the combination of the favorable crystal-field environment and the hyperfine interactions arising from 165 Ho (I=7/2) with a natural abundance of 100 %. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Fluctuating hyperfine interactions: computational implementation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zacate, M. O.; Evenson, W. E.

2010-01-01

A library of computational routines has been created to assist in the analysis of stochastic models of hyperfine interactions. We call this library the stochastic hyperfine interactions modeling library (SHIML). It provides routines written in the C programming language that (1) read a text description of a model for fluctuating hyperfine fields, (2) set up the Blume matrix, upon which the evolution operator of the system depends, and (3) find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Blume matrix so that theoretical spectra of experimental hyperfine interaction measurements can be calculated. Example model calculations are included in the SHIML package to illustrate its use and to generate perturbed angular correlation spectra for the special case of polycrystalline samples when anisotropy terms of higher order than A 22 can be neglected.

Hyperfine-interaction-driven suppression of quantum tunneling at zero field in a holmium(III) single-ion magnet

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, Yan-Cong; Liu, Jun-Liang; Chen, Xiao-Ming; Tong, Ming-Liang [Key Lab. of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen Univ., Guangzhou (China); Wernsdorfer, Wolfgang [Institut Neel, CNRS and Universite Joseph Fournier, Grenoble (France); Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany); Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany); Liu, Dan; Chibotaru, Liviu F. [Theory of Nanomaterials Group and INPAC-Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Belgium)

2017-04-24

An extremely rare non-Kramers holmium(III) single-ion magnet (SIM) is reported to be stabilized in the pentagonal-bipyramidal geometry by a phosphine oxide with a high energy barrier of 237(4) cm{sup -1}. The suppression of the quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) at zero field and the hyperfine structures originating from field-induced QTMs can be observed even from the field-dependent alternating-current magnetic susceptibility in addition to single-crystal hysteresis loops. These dramatic dynamics were attributed to the combination of the favorable crystal-field environment and the hyperfine interactions arising from {sup 165}Ho (I=7/2) with a natural abundance of 100 %. (copyright 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Measurement of the magnetic hyperfine field at the 181 Ta site in nickel matrix

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saxena, R.N.; Carbonari, A.W.; Pendl Junior, W.; Attili, R.N.; Kenchian, G.; Soares, J.C.A.C.R.; Moreno, M.S.

1990-01-01

The hyperfine magnetic field on the Ta 181 nucleus were determined using the gamma-gamma perturbed angular correlation method, on a nickel matrix, with a 133-482 KeV cascade from the Hf- 181 beta minus decay. (L.C.J.A.)

First principles density functional calculation of magnetic moment and hyperfine fields of dilute transition metal impurities in Gd host

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mohanta, S.K.; Mishra, S.N.; Srivastava, S.K.

2014-01-01

We present first principles calculations of electronic structure and magnetic properties of dilute transition metal (3d, 4d and 5d) impurities in a Gd host. The calculations have been performed within the density functional theory using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave technique and the GGA+U method. The spin and orbital contributions to the magnetic moment and the hyperfine fields have been computed. We find large magnetic moments for 3d (Ti–Co), 4d (Nb–Ru) and 5d (Ta–Os) impurities with magnitudes significantly different from the values estimated from earlier mean field calculation [J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320 (2008) e446–e449]. The exchange interaction between the impurity and host Gd moments is found to be positive for early 3d elements (Sc–V) while in all other cases an anti-ferromagnetic coupling is observed. The trends for the magnetic moment and hyperfine field of d-impurities in Gd show qualitative difference with respect to their behavior in Fe, Co and Ni. The calculated total hyperfine field, in most cases, shows excellent agreement with the experimental results. A detailed analysis of the Fermi contact hyperfine field has been made, revealing striking differences for impurities having less or more than half filled d-shell. The impurity induced perturbations in host moments and the change in the global magnetization of the unit cell have also been computed. The variation within each of the d-series is found to correlate with the d–d hybridization strength between the impurity and host atoms. - Highlights: • Detailed study of transition metal impurities in ferromagnetic Gd has been carried out. • The trends in impurity magnetic moment are qualitatively different from Fe, Co and Ni. • The variation within each of the d-series is found to correlate with the d–d hybridization strength between the impurity and host atoms. • Experimental trend in a hyperfine field has been reproduced successfully

Searching for an oscillating massive scalar field as a dark matter candidate using atomic hyperfine frequency comparisons

OpenAIRE

Hees, A.; Guéna, J.; Abgrall, M.; Bize, S.; Wolf, P.

2016-01-01

We use six years of accurate hyperfine frequency comparison data of the dual rubidium and caesium cold atom fountain FO2 at LNE-SYRTE to search for a massive scalar dark matter candidate. Such a scalar field can induce harmonic variations of the fine structure constant, of the mass of fermions and of the quantum chromodynamic mass scale, which will directly impact the rubidium/caesium hyperfine transition frequency ratio. We find no signal consistent with a scalar dark matter candidate but pr...

The hyperfine properties of a hydrogenated Fe/V superlattice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elzain, M., E-mail: elzain@squ.edu.om; Al-Barwani, M.; Gismelseed, A.; Al-Rawas, A.; Yousif, A.; Widatallah, H.; Bouziane, K.; Al-Omari, I. [Sultan Qaboos University, Department of Physics, College of Science (Oman)

2012-03-15

We study the effect of hydrogen on the electronic, magnetic and hyperfine structures of an iron-vanadium superlattice consisting of three Fe monolayers and nine V monolayers. The contact charge density ({rho}), the contact hyperfine field (B{sub hf}) and the electronic field gradient (EFG) at the Fe sites for different H locations and H fillings are calculated using the first principle full-potential linear-augmented-plane-wave (FP-LAPW) method. It is found that sizeable changes in the hyperfine properties are obtained only when H is in the interface region.

Transferred hyperfine interaction between the rare-earth ions and the fluorine nuclei in rare-earth trifluorides

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, P. E.; Nevald, Rolf; Guggenheim, H. G.

1978-01-01

The isotropic and anisotropic transferred hyperfine interactions between F ions in the two chemically inequivalent sites and the rare-earth ions (R) have been derived from 19F NMR measurements in the temperature region 100-300 K on single crystals of TbF3 and DyF3. The isotropic interactions are ...... to vary only slightly with temperature. They are further assigned to definite R's in the unit cell, which cannot be done from macroscopic magnetic measurements....

Hyperfine magnetic fields for 5d impurities in iron: pre-equilibrium effects, texture and the Aharoni effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stuchbery, A.E.; Bezakova, E.

1998-01-01

Static magnetic hyperfine fields acting on impurities recoil-implanted into ferromagnetic hosts following heavy-ion induced reactions have been studied using the implantation perturbed angular correlation (IMPAC) technique to determine the magnetic moments of subnanosecond excited states in neutron-deficient nuclei. Problems, which in time-integral measurements cannot always be treated independently were studied and include: (i) corrections for the transient field effect, (ii) whether the hyperfine field is parallel to the applied field, (iii) whether the implanted nuclei all experience the same magnetic interaction, (iv) the time the static field takes to reach equilibrium after implantation. The focus here is on pre-equilibrium phenomena associated with the implantation process and the direction of the internal magnetic field at implanted impurities after equilibrium is reached. It was found that the internal field does become increasingly misaligned with respect to external field direction at fields below 0.08 T. This is due to the incomplete saturation of the foil and not to the microscopic effect as proposed by Aharoni

Mixed hyperfine interaction in amorphous Fe-Zr sputtered films in external magnetic field - a 57Fe Moessbauer study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fries, S.M.; Crummenauer, J.; Wagner, H.-G.; Gonser, U.; Chien, C.L.

1986-01-01

Conventional 57 Fe-Moessbauer spectroscopy provides only information about the magnitude of the splitting QS in the case of electric quadrupole hyperfine interaction, but not on the sign of the main component of the electric field gradient (EFG) or the asymmetry parameter which are sensitive to the local environment of the 57 Fe nuclei. This kind of information is obtained by measurements in external magnetic fields. In the case of amorphous Fe-Zr sputtered films mixed hyperfine interaction leads to a clear change in the behaviour of the Zr-rich and the Fe-rich alloys, indicating the existence of magnetic clusters in the Fe-rich samples. (Auth.)

Proceedings of the 2nd KUR symposium on hyperfine interactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mekata, M.; Minamisono, T.; Kawase, Y.

1991-10-01

Hyperfine interactions between a nuclear spin and an electronic spin discovered from hyperfine splitting in atomic optical spectra have been utilized not only for the determination of nuclear parameters in nuclear physics but also for novel experimental techniques in many fields such as solid state physics, chemistry, biology, mineralogy and for diagnostic methods in medical science. Experimental techniques based on hyperfine interactions yield information about microscopic states of matter so that they are important in material science. Probes for material research using hyperfine interactions have been nuclei in the ground state and radioactive isotopes prepared with nuclear reactors or particle accelerators. But utilization of muons generated from accelerators is recently growing. Such wide spread application of hyperfine interaction techniques gives rise to some difficulty in collaboration among various research fields. In these circumstances, the present workshop was planned after four years since the last KUR symposium on the same subject. This report summarizes the contributions to the workshop in order to be available for the studies of hyperfine interactions. (J.P.N.)

Hyperfine field calculations: search for muon stopping sites in Fe3O4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boekema, C.; Denison, A.B.; Cooke, D.W.; Heffner, R.H.; Hutson, R.L.; Leon, M.; Schillaci, M.E.

1983-01-01

Muon Spin Rotation (μSR) results for magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) are analyzed and discussed. At room temperature, a μSR signal is observed due to the presence of an internal magnetic field (Bsub(int)) at the muon site. External transverse field measurements show that Bsub(int) is parallel to the magnetic spin direction, the direction in zero applied field. Calculations of the hyperfine field to pinpoint muon stopping sites in magnetite show that the local field contains supertransfer (covalent) and dipolar field contributions. The implanted muons appear to stop at sites structurally similar to those reported for hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ), where muon-oxygen bond formation was strongly indicated. (Auth.)

Systematic study of hyperfine fields in Rh2 Y Z type Heusler alloys with 119 Sn impurity using Moessbauer spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramos, S.M.M.

1985-01-01

The magnetic hyperfine fields in the Heusler alloys Rh 2 Mn .98 Ge Sn 02 , Rh 2 Mn Ge .98 Sn .02 , Rh 2 Mn Pb .98 Sn .02 and Rh 2 Mn Sn has been studied by 119 Sn Moessbauer spectroscopy at 293 K, 77 K, 4.2 K and 293 K with applied external magnetic field. The results show that when one compare the magnetic hyperfine fields systematic with the Heusler alloys X 2 Mn Z (X = Co, Ni, Cu, Pd, and Z = s p metal), this systematic is similar to the Co alloys, although can not explained by the currents models for the Heusler alloys. (author)

ENDOR investigations of the Ce.sup.3+./sup. ions in YAG: Transferred hyperfine interaction with nearest aluminum ions

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Azamat, Dmitry; Badalyan, A. G.; Feng, D.H.; Lančok, Ján; Jastrabík, Lubomír; Dejneka, Alexandr; Baranov, P. G.; Yakovlev, D.R.; Bayer, M.

2017-01-01

Roč. 122, č. 24 (2017), s. 1-3, č. článku 243903. ISSN 0021-8979 R&D Projects: GA MŠk LO1409; GA ČR GA16-22092S Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : ENDOR * Ce 3+ ions in YAG * transferred hyperfine interactions Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism OBOR OECD: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.) Impact factor: 2.068, year: 2016

On the origin of discontinuity of the hyperfine fields at {sup 57}Fe nuclei in bulk iron and aerosol Fe nanoparticles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Petrov, Yu.I. [Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119991, GSP-1, Moscow (Russian Federation); Shafranovsky, E.A., E-mail: shafr@chph.ras.r [Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, 119991, GSP-1, Moscow (Russian Federation); Casas, Ll. [Departament de Geologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Spain); Molins, E. [Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Spain)

2011-03-14

Advancing the early work in which a discontinuity of hyperfine fields at {sup 57}Fe nuclei in bulk iron and in aerosol Fe nanoparticles has been revealed by analyzing their Moessbauer spectra the present Letter evidences that the existence of several peaks in the hyperfine distribution (HFD) for bulk Fe is caused with the internal magnetic fields owing to its multidomain structure whereas aerosol Fe nanoparticles are single-domain and show only a unique peak in HFD. This argument has been corroborated by transformation of the HFD pattern for Fe foil after applying the external magnetic field of 0.03 T.

Anomalous behavior of the magnetic hyperfine field at 140Ce impurities at La sites in LaMnSi2

Science.gov (United States)

Domienikan, C.; Bosch-Santos, B.; Cabrera-Pasca, G. A.; Saxena, R. N.; Carbonari, A. W.

2018-05-01

Magnetic hyperfine field has been measured in the orthorhombic intermetallic compound LaMnSi2 with perturbed angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy using radioactive 140La(140Ce) nuclear probes. Magnetization measurements were also carried out in this compound with MPSM-SQUID magnetometer. Samples of LaMnSi2 compound were prepared by arc melting the component metals with high purity under argon atmosphere followed by annealing at 1000°C for 60 h under helium atmosphere and quenching in water. X-ray analysis confirmed the samples to be in a single phase with correct crystal structure expected for LaMnSi2 compound. The radioactive 140La (T1/2 = 40 h) nuclei were produced by direct irradiation of the sample with neutrons in the IEA-R1 nuclear research reactor at IPEN with a flux of ˜ 1013 n cm-2s-1 for about 3 - 4 min. The PAC measurements were carried out with a six BaF2 detector spectrometer at several temperatures between 10 K and 400 K. Temperature dependence of the hyperfine field, Bhf was found to be anomalous. A modified two-state model explained this anomalous behavior where the effective magnetic hyperfine field at 140Ce is believed to have two contributions, one from the unstable localized spins at Ce impurities and another from the magnetic Mn atoms of the host. The competition of these two contributions explains the anomalous behavior observed for the temperature dependence of the magnetic hyperfine field at 140Ce. The ferromagnetic transition temperature (TC) of LaMnSi2 was determined to be 400(1) K confirming the magnetic measurements.

Searching for an Oscillating Massive Scalar Field as a Dark Matter Candidate Using Atomic Hyperfine Frequency Comparisons.

Science.gov (United States)

Hees, A; Guéna, J; Abgrall, M; Bize, S; Wolf, P

2016-08-05

We use 6 yrs of accurate hyperfine frequency comparison data of the dual rubidium and caesium cold atom fountain FO2 at LNE-SYRTE to search for a massive scalar dark matter candidate. Such a scalar field can induce harmonic variations of the fine structure constant, of the mass of fermions, and of the quantum chromodynamic mass scale, which will directly impact the rubidium/caesium hyperfine transition frequency ratio. We find no signal consistent with a scalar dark matter candidate but provide improved constraints on the coupling of the putative scalar field to standard matter. Our limits are complementary to previous results that were only sensitive to the fine structure constant and improve them by more than an order of magnitude when only a coupling to electromagnetism is assumed.

Stochastic hyperfine interactions modeling library

Science.gov (United States)

Zacate, Matthew O.; Evenson, William E.

2011-04-01

The stochastic hyperfine interactions modeling library (SHIML) provides a set of routines to assist in the development and application of stochastic models of hyperfine interactions. The library provides routines written in the C programming language that (1) read a text description of a model for fluctuating hyperfine fields, (2) set up the Blume matrix, upon which the evolution operator of the system depends, and (3) find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Blume matrix so that theoretical spectra of experimental techniques that measure hyperfine interactions can be calculated. The optimized vector and matrix operations of the BLAS and LAPACK libraries are utilized; however, there was a need to develop supplementary code to find an orthonormal set of (left and right) eigenvectors of complex, non-Hermitian matrices. In addition, example code is provided to illustrate the use of SHIML to generate perturbed angular correlation spectra for the special case of polycrystalline samples when anisotropy terms of higher order than A can be neglected. Program summaryProgram title: SHIML Catalogue identifier: AEIF_v1_0 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEIF_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: GNU GPL 3 No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 8224 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 312 348 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: C Computer: Any Operating system: LINUX, OS X RAM: Varies Classification: 7.4 External routines: TAPP [1], BLAS [2], a C-interface to BLAS [3], and LAPACK [4] Nature of problem: In condensed matter systems, hyperfine methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Mössbauer effect (ME), muon spin rotation (μSR), and perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy (PAC) measure electronic and magnetic structure within Angstroms of nuclear probes through the hyperfine interaction. When

Hyperfine Interaction Studies on Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Rh, In and Xe in Co

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seewald, G.; Zech, E.; Ratai, H.; Schmid, R.; Stadler, R.; Schramm, O.; Koenig, C.; Hinfurtner, B.; Hagn, E.; Deicher, M.; Eder, R.; Forkel-Wirth, D.

2004-01-01

Nuclear magnetic resonance on oriented nuclei and modulated adiabatic fast passage on oriented nuclei measurements were performed on several 4d and 5sp impurities in polycrystalline Co(fcc) foils and Co(hcp) single crystals. The hyperfine fields of Y and Zr in Co(fcc), the hyperfine fields of Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Rh, In and Xe in Co(hcp), the electric field gradients of Zr, Nb and In in Co(hcp), and the nuclear spin-lattice relaxations of Zr, Nb, Rh and In in Co(hcp) were determined. The dependence of the hyperfine fields and electric field gradients in Co(hcp) on the angle between the magnetization and the c axis was investigated in most cases. The magnetic-field dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation was studied for Nb, Rh and In in Co(hcp), applying the magnetic field perpendicular to the c axis. The known hyperfine interaction parameters of the4d and 5sp impurities in Co(fcc) and Co(hcp) are summarized. The new results provide a more detailed picture of the hyperfine interaction in Co.

Man-made materials : An exciting area for hyperfine-interaction investigation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Freeman, A.; Wu, R.

1996-01-01

Man-made low-dimensional magnetic systems including surfaces, interfaces and multilayers, have attracted a great amount of attention in the past decade because, as expected, the lowered symmetry and coordination number offer a variety of opportunities for inducing new and exotic phenomena and so hold out the promise of new device applications. Local spin density functional (LSDF) ab initio electronic-structure calculations employing the full-potential -linearized augmented-plane-wave (FLAPW) method have played a key role in the development of this exciting field by not only providing a clearer understanding of the experimental observations but also predicting new systems with desired properties. One of the striking successes of theory in the last decade has been the calculation of hyperfine fields at surfaces and interfaces. Concurrently, several groups have followed the pioneering work of Korecki and Gradmann and have measured hyperfine fields at surfaces and interfaces. In this paper, it is reviewed new features of hyperfine-interaction investigations in man-made materials which are essential because the hyperfine field is not proportional to the magnetization and so interpretations of experiment are totally dependent on theory

Fe dimers: a theoretical study of the hyperfine interactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guenzburger, D.J.R.; Saitovitch, E.M.B.

1981-01-01

The electronic structures of diatomic molecules Fe 2 and FeM, where M = Mn, Co, Ni and Cu, are investigated by molecular orbitals calculations using a discrete variational method and a local approximation for the exchange interaction. The one-electron wave functions obtained are used to calculate electric field gradients, electronic charge and spin densities at the Fe nucleus and spin-dipolar hyperfine fields, which are related to measured hyperfine parameters reported from experiments in solid inert-gas matrices. Molecular orbitals energy schemes and population analysis are presented. These and other aspects of the electronic structure of the FeM molecules are used in a qualitative interpretation of the hyperfine data; in some cases, are given suggestions for the ground-state configuration. (Author) [pt

The magnetic hyperfine field in the 181Ta site in the Co2HfAl and Co2HfGa Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, R. da.

1979-01-01

The hyperfine magnetic fields at 181 Ta nuclei in Heusler alloys Co 2 HfZ (Z=Al, Ga) have been measured using the time differential perturbed gamma-gamma angular correlation (TDPAC) method. The hyperfine fields obtained from these measurements at the liquid nitrogen temperature are -189 and +- 150 kOersted for Co 2 HfAl and Co 2 HfGa, respectively. The concept that the hyperfine field at the Y site is similar to the solute fields in Fe, Co, Ni and Gd matrices is corroborated. We have verified that ratios H sub(hf) sub(Ta)/T sub(c) and H sub(hf) sub(Ta)μ sub(Co) in Co 2 HfZ compounds (Z=Al, Ga, Sn) do not depend on the nature of Z element. However a dependence in the value of observed field with the s-p element in Z site was noticed. We feel that the samples are not completely ordered cubic as observed by the quadrupole interaction measurements. The results are interpreted in terms of the Campbell-Blandin formalism, and it is shown that the spin polarization of conduction electrons at Hf and Ta have opposite signs. (Author) [pt

Hyperfine fields at 89Y nuclei in Y(Fesub(1-x)Tsub(x))2 (T=V, Mn, Co, Ni, Al) with low concentrations x

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ichinose, Kazuyoshi; Yoshie, Hiroshi; Nagai, Hiroyuki; Tsujimura, Akira; Fujiwara, Katsuyuki.

1983-01-01

NMR of 89 Y nuclei in Y(Fesub(1-x)Tsub(x)) 2 (T=V, Mn, Co, Ni, Al) has been observed at 4.2K. Well-resolved satellite structures of Y resonance appear in these compounds. This shows that the Y hyperfine field is mainly due to the magnetic nearest neighbor atoms. The magnetic moment of T atoms is estimated by two methods: (i) the contribution of T atoms to the hyperfine field is proportional to the magnetic moments of Fe and T atoms and (ii) the well known empirical relation between the hyperfine field and the mean magnetic moment of alloys is used. These results are in good agreement with those in dilute T-Fe alloys except for T=Mn. The intensity ratio of satellite peaks is discussed based upon a statistical distribution of Fe and T atoms. (author)

Hyperfine interaction mediated electric-dipole spin resonance: the role of frequency modulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Rui

2016-01-01

The electron spin in a semiconductor quantum dot can be coherently controlled by an external electric field, an effect called electric-dipole spin resonance (EDSR). Several mechanisms can give rise to the EDSR effect, among which there is a hyperfine mechanism, where the spin-electric coupling is mediated by the electron–nucleus hyperfine interaction. Here, we investigate the influence of frequency modulation (FM) on the spin-flip efficiency. Our results reveal that FM plays an important role in the hyperfine mechanism. Without FM, the electric field almost cannot flip the electron spin; the spin-flip probability is only about 20%. While under FM, the spin-flip probability can be improved to approximately 70%. In particular, we find that the modulation amplitude has a lower bound, which is related to the width of the fluctuated hyperfine field. (paper)

Hyperfine spectra of the radioactive isotopes 81Kr and 85Kr

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cannon, B.D.

1993-01-01

Isotope shifts and hyperfine constants are reported for the radioactive isotopes 81 Kr and 85 Kr and the stable isotope 83 Kr. The previously unreported nuclear moments of 81 Kr were determined to be μ I =-0.909(4) nuclear magneton and Q=+0.630(13) b from the hyperfine constants. This work increases the number of transitions for which 85 Kr hyperfine constants and isotope shifts have been measured from 1 to 4. The hyperfine anomaly for krypton reported in the previous measurement of 85 Kr hyperfine constants [H. Gerhardt et al., Hyperfine Interact. 9, 175 (1981)] is not supported by this work. The isotope shifts and hyperfine constants of 83 Kr measured in this work are in excellent agreement with previous work. Saturation spectroscopy was used to study transitions from krypton's metastable 1s 5 state to the 2p 9 , 2p 7 , and 2p 6 states. In saturation spectra, different line shapes were observed for the even- and odd-mass krypton isotopes. This even- versus odd-line-mass shape difference can be explained using the large cross section that has been reported for collisional transfer of the 1s 5 state excitation between krypton atoms. Two-color two-photon laser-induced fluorescence was used to measure the hyperfine spectra of the 1s 5- 4d 4 ' transition using the 2p 9 state as the intermediate state. This technique proved to be more sensitive than saturation spectroscopy

Magnetic hyperfine fields on 181Ta at the Nb and V sites in Heusler alloys CO2YAL (Y=NB,V)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pendl Junior, W.

1990-01-01

Magnetic hyperfine fields (MHF) acting on sup(181)Ta at the Nb and V sites have been determined in the Heusler alloys Co sub(2) NbA1 and Co sub(2) VA1 by the time differential perturbed angular correlation (TDPAC) technique utilizing the well known 133-482 Kev gamma cascade in sup(181)Ta. The measurement were carried out using an automatic spectrometer consisting of three NaI(T1) detectors and a fast-slow coincidence system. The measurements were performed at 77 K with and without an externally applied magnetic field ( ∼ 4.5 KGauss) to determine the sign as well as the magnitude of the hyperfine fields in both alloys. For the alloy Co sub(2) NbA1 a unique field of -138(4) KOe was observed whereas in the case of Co sub(2)VA1 two distinct magnetic sites were observed. The present result show that approximately 24% of the sup(181)Ta atoms in this alloy probe a field of -116(4) KOe while the other ∼ 76% of the atoms feel -83(3) KOe. Present data along with the existing results on similar alloys Co sub(2)T1,Hf,Zr (Al,Ga,Sn) are discussed and compared with the magnetic hyperfine field systematics in Heusler alloys. (author)

Quantum versus classical hyperfine-induced dynamics in a quantum dota)

Science.gov (United States)

Coish, W. A.; Loss, Daniel; Yuzbashyan, E. A.; Altshuler, B. L.

2007-04-01

In this article we analyze spin dynamics for electrons confined to semiconductor quantum dots due to the contact hyperfine interaction. We compare mean-field (classical) evolution of an electron spin in the presence of a nuclear field with the exact quantum evolution for the special case of uniform hyperfine coupling constants. We find that (in this special case) the zero-magnetic-field dynamics due to the mean-field approximation and quantum evolution are similar. However, in a finite magnetic field, the quantum and classical solutions agree only up to a certain time scale t <τc, after which they differ markedly.

Theoretical study of hyperfine fields due to S-P and transition impurities in gadolinium matrix

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos Leal, C.E. dos.

1985-01-01

This work presents a systematic theoretical study for the hyperfine field due to diluted s-p-and transition impurities in metallic gadolinium matrices. The peculiarities de a gadolinium matrix are shown, they are characterized by a semi-completed 4f-shell, which is far from (below) the energetic levels such as the type s-p and d-conduction bands. (author)

Study of the hyperfine magnetic field at Ta181 site in the Heusler Co2 Sc Sn, Co2 Sc Ga and Co2 Hf Sn alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Attili, R.N.

1992-01-01

The hyperfine magnetic fields acting on 181 Ta nuclei at the Sc and Hf sites have been measured in Heusler alloys Co 2 Sc Sn and Co 2 Sc Ga and Co 2 Hf Sn using the Time Differential Perturbed γ-γ Angular Correlation (TDPAC) technique. The measurements were carried out using an automatic spectrometer consisting of two Ba F 2 detectors and the conventional electronics. The magnitude of hyperfine magnetic field at 181 Ta was measured for all the alloys. The signs of the were determined in the cases of Co 2 Sc Sn and Co 2 Hf Sn alloys by performing the Perturbed Angular Correlation measurements with an external polarizing magnetic field of ≅ 5 k Gauss. The hyperfine magnetic fields obtained are -187,6± 3,3 and 90,0 ± 2,1 kOe measured at 77 K for Co 2 Sc Sn and Co 2 Sc Ga alloys respectively, and -342,4 ± 10,1 kOe measured at the room temperature for Co 2 Hf Sn alloy. These results are discussed and compared with the hyperfine magnetic field systematics in Co-based Heusler alloy. (author)

Transferred hyperfine interaction at 295 K between the rare-earth ions and the fluorine and lithium nuclei in lithium rare-earth fluorides

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, P. E.; Nevald, Rolf

1977-01-01

The nuclear-magnetic-resonance rotation spectra for the fluorine and lithium nuclei in LiTbF4, LiDyF4, LiHoF4, and LiErF4 have been obtained at 295 K. They are separated in contributions from the dipole and the transferred hyperfine interactions. In general, the latter consists of an isotropic part...

Directionally independent energy gap formation due to the hyperfine interaction

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Miyashita, Seiji; Raedt, Hans De; Michielsen, Kristel

We study energy gap formation at the level-crossing point due to the hyperfine interaction. In contrast to the energy gap induced by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, the gap induced by the hyperfine interaction is independent of the direction of the magnetic field. We also study the dynamics

Hyperfine field calculations: search for muon stopping sites in Fe/sub 3/O/sub 4/

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boekema, C. (Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock (USA)); Denison, A.B. (Wyoming Univ., Laramie (USA)); Cooke, D.W.; Heffner, R.H.; Hutson, R.L.; Leon, M.; Schillaci, M.E. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA))

1983-12-01

Muon Spin Rotation (..mu..SR) results for magnetite (Fe/sub 3/O/sub 4/) are analyzed and discussed. At room temperature, a ..mu..SR signal is observed due to the presence of an internal magnetic field (Bsub(int)) at the muon site. External transverse field measurements show that Bsub(int) is parallel to the magnetic spin direction, the <111> direction in zero applied field. Calculations of the hyperfine field to pinpoint muon stopping sites in magnetite show that the local field contains supertransfer (covalent) and dipolar field contributions. The implanted muons appear to stop at sites structurally similar to those reported for hematite (..cap alpha..-Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/), where muon-oxygen bond formation was strongly indicated.

Contact hyperfine field of the 4p and 4f series elements (rare-earths)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doi, I.

1973-01-01

The Coulomb correlation effect in the description of the contact hyperfine magnetic structure was analysed. The hyperfine magnetic structure was calculated from the spin polarized Hartree-Fock formalism, using the free electron gas approximation to the exchange-correlation energy of the 4p series atoms and some atoms and ions of the 4f series. No one of the analysed approximations to the exchange-correlation energy describes satisfactorily the contact hyperfine magnetic structure of the 4p and 4f series elements, which were studied [pt

Hyperfine interactions by Moessbauer effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Constantinescu, S.

1980-01-01

Moessbauer spectroscopy has been used to investigate hyperfine interactions in materials endowed with complex electromagnetic crystallographic structures. Such structures (Me 3 B 7 O 13 X boracite-type systems, for instance), equally interesting from both scientific and applications viewpoint, are drawing a special attention lately on account of their being examined by means of increasingly refined experimental techniques. In view of the wide prospects of using these materials in various practical fields, this thesis counts among the studies aiming to ameliorate the methods of processing and determining the Moessbauer spectra parameters, characterized by complex hyperfine interactions, as well as among the studies of electric, magnetic and crystallographic investigation of the Moessbauer nucleus neighbourhood, in boracite-type structures. (author)

Paramagnetic hyperfine interactions of iron in solid ammonia from Moessbauer spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Litterst, F.J.; Saitovitch, E.M.B.; Terra, J.

1988-01-01

Moessbauer studies on highly dilute 57 Fe in solid ammonia are reported. The hyperfine parameters of the paramagnetic reaction product FeNH 3 point to a nearly atomic configuration of iron [Ar]3d 7 4s. The electronic spin relaxation slows down rapidly under application of an external magnetic field. The field dependence of the magnetic hyperfine patterns indicates a strong axial magnetic anisotropy. (author) [pt

Hyperfine interactions in iron substituted high-Tc superconducting oxides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ellis, D.E.; Saitovitch, E.B.; Lam, D.J.

1991-01-01

The hyperfine interactions in Fe substituted copper oxide ternary and quaternary compounds with perovskite-related structures are studied, using the Local Density theory in an embedded cluster approach. The self-consistent electronic structure is examined for Cu and Fe sites in a number of plausible local geometries representative of La 2 Cu O 4 , YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ and related materials. Moessbauer isomer shifts, electric fields gradients, magnetic moments, and contact hyperfine fields are presented for comparison with experiment and discussed in light of lattice structure data. (author)

The hyperfine Paschen–Back Faraday effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zentile, Mark A; Andrews, Rebecca; Weller, Lee; Adams, Charles S; Hughes, Ifan G; Knappe, Svenja

2014-01-01

We investigate experimentally and theoretically the Faraday effect in an atomic medium in the hyperfine Paschen–Back regime, where the Zeeman interaction is larger than the hyperfine splitting. We use a small permanent magnet and a micro-fabricated vapour cell, giving magnetic fields of the order of a tesla. We show that for low absorption and small rotation angles, the refractive index is well approximated by the Faraday rotation signal, giving a simple way to measure the atomic refractive index. Fitting to the atomic spectra, we achieve magnetic field sensitivity at the 10 −4 level. Finally we note that the Faraday signal shows zero crossings which can be used as temperature insensitive error signals for laser frequency stabilization at large detuning. The theoretical sensitivity for 87 Rb is found to be ∼40 kHz °C −1 . (paper)

High precision measurement of the hyperfine fields of substitutional and defect associated Cd in single crystalline hcp cobalt

CERN Document Server

Correia, J G; Melo, A A; Soares, J C

1996-01-01

The hyperfine fields of Cd in single crystalline hcp Co were measured after simultaneous implantation of 111mCd and 111In. High statistics measurements could be done separately for each parent isotope combining the e--g and g-g PAC techniques. The hyperfine coupling constants wL(CdCo)=422.8(1) Mrad/s and w0(CdCo)=6.14(11) Mrad/s are determined for Cd probes in undisturbed substitutional sites. Several defect associated sites in the hcp Co lattice are clearly seen in the data. Most of the radiation damage created by the ion implantation anneals out at temperatures below 503 K, with only one dominating component surviving at this temperature. This defect is assigned as a probe atom in an interstitial site, surrounded by a vacancy tetrahedron. The corresponding magnetic field and electric field gradient are collinear with the c-axis of the Co lattice, and the respective coupling constants are wL(defect)= 216.7(2) Mrad/s and w0(defect)= 45.3(6) Mrad/s.

High precision hyperfine measurements in Bismuth challenge bound-state strong-field QED.

Science.gov (United States)

Ullmann, Johannes; Andelkovic, Zoran; Brandau, Carsten; Dax, Andreas; Geithner, Wolfgang; Geppert, Christopher; Gorges, Christian; Hammen, Michael; Hannen, Volker; Kaufmann, Simon; König, Kristian; Litvinov, Yuri A; Lochmann, Matthias; Maaß, Bernhard; Meisner, Johann; Murböck, Tobias; Sánchez, Rodolfo; Schmidt, Matthias; Schmidt, Stefan; Steck, Markus; Stöhlker, Thomas; Thompson, Richard C; Trageser, Christian; Vollbrecht, Jonas; Weinheimer, Christian; Nörtershäuser, Wilfried

2017-05-16

Electrons bound in highly charged heavy ions such as hydrogen-like bismuth 209 Bi 82+ experience electromagnetic fields that are a million times stronger than in light atoms. Measuring the wavelength of light emitted and absorbed by these ions is therefore a sensitive testing ground for quantum electrodynamical (QED) effects and especially the electron-nucleus interaction under such extreme conditions. However, insufficient knowledge of the nuclear structure has prevented a rigorous test of strong-field QED. Here we present a measurement of the so-called specific difference between the hyperfine splittings in hydrogen-like and lithium-like bismuth 209 Bi 82+,80+ with a precision that is improved by more than an order of magnitude. Even though this quantity is believed to be largely insensitive to nuclear structure and therefore the most decisive test of QED in the strong magnetic field regime, we find a 7-σ discrepancy compared with the theoretical prediction.

Temperature dependence of the magnetic hyperfine field at an s–p impurity diluted in RNi_2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, A.L. de; Chaves, C.M.; Oliveira, N.A. de; Troper, A.

2016-01-01

We study the formation of local magnetic moments and magnetic hyperfine fields at an s–p impurity diluted in intermetallic Laves phase compounds RNi_2 (R=Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy) at finite temperatures. We start with a clean host and later the impurity is introduced. The host has two-coupled (R and Ni) sublattice Hubbard Hamiltonians but the Ni sublattice can be disregarded because its d band, being full, is magnetically ineffective. Also, the effect of the 4f electrons of R is represented by the polarization they produce on the d band. This leaves us with a lattice of effective rare earth R-ions with polarized electrons. For the dd electronic interaction we use the Hubbard–Stratonovich identity in a functional integral approach in the static saddle point approximation. - Highlights: • Functional integral method in the static limit, producing site disorder, is used. • The site disorder is treated with the Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA). • Non magnetic Ni generates an effective lattice with only a polarized R d band. • The effective R lattice differ from the pure R metal: Results and Discussions. • The experimental curve of hyperfine fields × temperature are very well reproduced.

Hyperfine interaction studies with pulsed heavy-ion beams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raghavan, P.

1985-01-01

Heavy-ion reactions using pulsed beams have had a strong impact on the study of hyperfine interactions. Unique advantages offered by this technique have considerably extended the scope, detail and systematic range of its applications beyond that possible with radioactivity or light-ion reaction. This survey will cover a brief description of the methodological aspects of the field and recent applications to selected problems in nuclear and solid state physiscs illustrating its role. These include measurements of nuclear magnetic and electric quadrupole moments of high spin isomers, measurements of hyperfine magnetic fields at impurities in 3d and rare-earths ferromagnetic hosts, studies of paramagnetic systems, especially those exhibiting valence instabilities, and investigations of electric field gradients of impurities in noncubic metals. Future prospects of this technique will be briefly assessed. (orig.)

Hyperfine-mediated static polarizabilities of monovalent atoms and ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dzuba, V. A.; Flambaum, V. V.; Beloy, K.; Derevianko, A.

2010-01-01

We apply relativistic many-body methods to compute static differential polarizabilities for transitions inside the ground-state hyperfine manifolds of monovalent atoms and ions. Knowledge of this transition polarizability is required in a number of high-precision experiments, such as microwave atomic clocks and searches for CP-violating permanent electric dipole moments. While the traditional polarizability arises in the second order of interaction with the externally applied electric field, the differential polarizability involves an additional contribution from the hyperfine interaction of atomic electrons with nuclear moments. We derive formulas for the scalar and tensor polarizabilities including contributions from magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine interactions. Numerical results are presented for Al, Rb, Cs, Yb + , Hg + , and Fr.

Moessbauer effect study of charge and spin transfer in Fe-Cr

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dubiel, S.M.; Zukrowski, J.

1981-01-01

The influence of temperature and time of annealing on hyperfine fields and isomer shifts has been studied for a range of Fe-Cr alloys containing 1-45 at% Cr. It has been revealed that up to 15 at% Cr neither time or temperature of annealing practically does affect the hyperfine parameters. For more concentrated samples, however, both temperature and time of annealing are important. In particular, the Moessbauer spectrum of Fe-45.5 at% Cr annealed at 700 0 C for 5 h was a single-line indicating that the sample was paramagnetic. The observed changes of the hyperfine fields and the isomer shifts have been interpreted in terms of a spin and charge transfer, respectively. Strong linear correlations between the following quantities have been revealed: the hyperfine field H(0,0) and the isomer shift IS(0,0); the average hyperfine field anti H and the average isomer shift anti Ianti S; the average hyperfine field anti H and the average number of Cr atoms in the first two coordination spheres, anti N. It has been calculated from the first two correlations that a) a change of polarization of itinerant s-like electrons of one electron is equivalent to a change of the hyperfine field of 1602 kOe, and b) on average, a unit change of s-like electron polarization is equivalent to 3277 kOe. The two constants are very close to theoretical estimations, which can be found in literature. Correlation between the hyperfine field and the isomer shift led to a conclusion that the substitution of Fe atoms by Cr ones decreases the density of spin-up electrons on average by 0.026 electrons per one Cr atom in a unit cell. These electrons are most likely trapped by Cr atoms, because the hyperfine field at neighbouring Fe nuclei decreases and the density of charge at those nuclei increases at the rate of 0.029 electrons per one Cr atom in a unit cell. (orig./BHO)

Hyperfine interactions measured by nuclear orientation technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brenier, R.

1982-01-01

This report concerns the use of hyperfine interaction to magnetism measurements and to the determination of the nuclear structure of Terbium isotopes by the low temperature nuclear orientation technique. In the first part we show that the rhodium atom does not support any localized moment in the chromium matrix. The hyperfine magnetic field at the rhodium nuclear site follows the Overhauser distribution, and the external applied magnetic field supports a negative Knight shift of 16%. In the second part we consider the structure of neutron deficient Terbium isotopes. We introduce a coherent way of evaluation and elaborate a new nuclear thermometer. The magnetic moments allows to strike on the studied states configuration. The analysis of our results shows a decrease of the nuclear deformation for the lighter isotopes [fr

The hyperfine properties of iron-gallium alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elzain, M., E-mail: elzain@squ.edu.om; Gismelseed, A.; Al-Rawas, A.; Yousif, A.; Widatallah, H.; Al-Azri, Maya [Sultan Qaboos University, Department of Physics (Oman); Al-Barwani, M. [NYU Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)

2016-12-15

The hyperfine properties at Fe site in iron-gallium alloy are calculated using the full-potential linear-augmented-plane-waves method. We have calculated the Fermi contact field (B{sub hf}) and isomer shift (δ) at the Fe site versus the number of neighbouring Ga atoms. We found that B{sub hf} decrease whereas δ increases with increasing number of neighbouring G atom. In addition we have calculated the hyperfine properties of FeGa system with DO{sub 3} structure, where various distributions of 4 the Ga atoms in the conventional unit cell are considered (including the regular DO{sub 3} structure). We found that the DO{sub 3} structure has the lowest energy as compared to the other configurations. The two distinct A and D sites of the ordered DO{sub 3} conventional unit cell have two distinct values for B{sub hf} and δ. On changing the atomic arrangement of the Ga atoms within the conventional unit cell, the configuration of the A site is maintained whereas that of the D site becomes imperfect. The contact magnetic hyperfine fields of the D-like sites in the imperfect structures are lower than that of the DO{sub 3}D site.

Hyperfine spectroscopic study of Laves phase HfFe2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belosevic-Cavor, J.; Novakovic, N.; Cekic, B.; Ivanovic, N.; Manasijevic, M.

2004-01-01

Hyperfine fields in HfFe 2 were measured at 181 Ta probe using the time-differential perturbed angular correlation method (TDPAC) in the temperature range 78-1200 K. Analysis of the spectra revealed two interactions with hyperfine fields of 13.82(7) T and 8.0(2) T, at 293 K. First is ascribed to the interaction at the 8a position in the cubic C15 structure. The second can be assigned to a minor amount of hexagonal C14 phase, or to an irregular position of the probe in the C15 lattice. Results of calculations using LAPW-WIEN97 are in a good agreement with experiment

Singlet-to-triplet interconversion using hyperfine as well as ferromagnetic fringe fields.

Science.gov (United States)

Wohlgenannt, M; Flatté, M E; Harmon, N J; Wang, F; Kent, A D; Macià, F

2015-06-28

Until recently the important role that spin-physics ('spintronics') plays in organic light-emitting devices and photovoltaic cells was not sufficiently recognized. This attitude has begun to change. We review our recent work that shows that spatially rapidly varying local magnetic fields that may be present in the organic layer dramatically affect electronic transport properties and electroluminescence efficiency. Competition between spin-dynamics due to these spatially varying fields and an applied, spatially homogeneous magnetic field leads to large magnetoresistance, even at room temperature where the thermodynamic influences of the resulting nuclear and electronic Zeeman splittings are negligible. Spatially rapidly varying local magnetic fields are naturally present in many organic materials in the form of nuclear hyperfine fields, but we will also review a second method of controlling the electrical conductivity/electroluminescence, using the spatially varying magnetic fringe fields of a magnetically unsaturated ferromagnet. Fringe-field magnetoresistance has a magnitude of several per cent and is hysteretic and anisotropic. This new method of control is sensitive to even remanent magnetic states, leading to different conductivity/electroluminescence values in the absence of an applied field. We briefly review a model based on fringe-field-induced polaron-pair spin-dynamics that successfully describes several key features of the experimental fringe-field magnetoresistance and magnetoelectroluminescence. © 2015 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

Unexpected lines due to hyperfine interaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andersson, Martin

2009-01-01

Hyperfine interaction is often viewed as a small perturbation that only broadens or in some cases splits a line into many closely spaced lines. In this work, we present some cases where this picture is obsolete and where the hyperfine interaction makes drastic changes to spectra. Off-diagonal hyperfine interaction introduces a mixing between states which can differ in the J quantum number. In most cases this mixing is very small, but even so it could have a dramatic influence on the spectra. Some metastable levels are sensitive to the hyperfine interaction and we show this by presenting the results for hyperfine-dependent lifetimes of the 3d 9 4s 3 D 3 level along parts of the higher end of the Ni-like iso-electronic sequence. In the absence of a nuclear spin, this level can only decay through a magnetic-octupole transition, but in the presence of a nuclear spin, the off-diagonal hyperfine interaction introduces a mixing with the 3d 9 4s 3 D 2 level and a new electric-quadrupole transition channel is opened. It is shown that this new transition channel in many cases is the dominant one and that the lifetime of the 3 D 3 level is sensitive to hyperfine interaction all along the sequence. An example of other types of states that are sensitive to hyperfine interaction are those belonging to configurations of the type nsn'l' where l≥3. In such systems the levels are close in energy and the open s-shell gives rise to a strong hyperfine interaction. This in turn introduces a large mixing between the hyperfine levels and shows up in the spectra as a large intensity redistribution among the hyperfine lines. We present detailed results for the 4s4d 3 D 2 -4s4f 3 F 2 transitions in Ga ii, and show that by including the hyperfine interaction in a proper way, we could reproduce experimental spectra that had not been possible earlier.

Investigation of transferred hyperfine interactions from 129I and 119Sn by Moessbauer spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez, J.-P.

1976-01-01

The hyperfine parameters at 129 I have been measured in the series of compounds CrI 3 , CsCrI 3 , MI 2 (M=V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cd) and NR 4 FeI 4 (R=ethyl, butyl). They have been interpreted in terms of the charge and spin densities in the ligand valence orbitals. Information about the spin polarization mechanisms as well as about the local magnetic and crystallographic structural arrangements have been furthermore deduced. The 119 Sn hyperfine data in the series of RESn 3 intermetallics have provided information about the magnetic structure and the spin polarization mechanisms [fr

The hyperfine spectrum of hydrogen dimers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Verberne, J.F.C.

1979-01-01

The authors' aim was to obtain the level scheme for the hydrogen dimers and to investigate the angle dependent interactions by analyzing the zero magnetic field hyperfine spectrum of the ortho-ortho and ortho-para species. The results were tested by several recent semi-empirical and ab initio potentials. (Auth.)

Hyperfine field distributions in disordered Mn2CoSn and Mn2NiSn ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Unknown

Jha S, Seyoum H M, Demarco M, Julian G M, Stubbs D A,. Blue J W, Silva M T X and Vasquez A 1983 Hyperfine Inter- act. 15/16 685. Ritcey S P and Dunlap R A 1984 J. Appl. Phys. 55 2051. Surikov V V, Zhordochkin V N and Astakhova T Yu 1990. Hyperfine Interact. 59 469. Webster P J and Ziebeck K R A 1973 J. Phys.

Investigation of ferromagnetic spinel semiconductors by hyperfine interactions of implanted nuclear probes

CERN Document Server

Samokhvalov, V; Dietrich, M; Schneider, F; Tiginyanu, I M; Tsurkan, V; Unterricker, S

2003-01-01

The semiconducting ferromagnetic spinel compounds CdCr//2Se //4, CdCr //2S//4, HgCr//2Se//4 and CuCr//2Se//4 (metallic) were investigated by the perturbed angular correlations (PAC) method with the radioactive probes **1**1**1In, **1**1**1**mCd, **1**1**1Ag, **1**1**7Cd, **1**9**9**mHg and **7**7Br. The probes were implanted at the ISOLDE on-line separator (CERN-Geneva) into single crystals. From the time dependence of the PAC spectra and the measured hyperfine interaction parameters: electric field gradient and magnetic hyperfine field, the probe positions and the thermal behavior of the probes could be determined. Cd, Ag and Hg are substituted at the A-site, In at the A- and B-site in the semiconducting compounds and Br at the anion position. Electric and magnetic hyperfine fields were used as test quantities for theoretical charge and spin density distributions of LAPW calculations (WIEN97).

Hyperfine magnetic fields at 57Fe and 119Sn nuclei in the Fe48Rh52 alloy under pressure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nikolaev, I.N.; Potapov, V.N.; Bezotosnyj, I.Yu.; Mar'in, V.P.

1978-01-01

The pressure dependences of the hyperfine magnetic fields, H, and isomer shifts epsilon at the 57 Fe and 119 Sn nuclei in the Fe 48 Rh 52 alloy with an admixture of approximately 1 at. % Sn are measured by the Moessbauer effect technique. Under pressure epsilon decreases this signifying an increase (for 57 Fe) or decrease (for 119 Sn) of the s-electron density at the nuclei. In the ferromagnetic (FM) state at 398 K, ΔH/HΔp=(-2.8+-0.2)x10 -3 kbar -1 for 57 Fe and ΔH/HΔp=(-4.8+-0.8)x10 -3 kbar -1 for 119 Sn. In the antiferromagnetic (AFM) state at 78 K, ΔH/HΔp approximately 0 for 57 Fe and ΔH/HΔp=(-6.2+-1.0)x10 -3 kbar -1 for 119 Sn. The results for 57 Fe in the FM state can be ascribed to the strong dependence of the alloy matrix magnetization on the pressure and in the AFM state to the absence of local polarization of s-similar collectivized electrons and to the independence of the magnetic moments of the Fe ions of pressure. The causes of the different effect of pressure on the magnetic moments of Fe ions in the FM and AFM states are discussed. The results for 119 Sn in the FM and AFM states of the alloy are in agreement with the model of hyperfine fields at impurity Sn atoms in the magnetic matrices proposed earlier. The radial dependence of the hyperfine field at the 119 Sn nuclei in the AFM state is estimated and it is found that H(r) is stronger than r -9

Hyperfine structure analysis in magnetic resonance spectroscopy: from astrophysical measurements towards endogenous biosensors in human tissue

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schroeder, L.; California Univ., Berkeley, CA; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA

2007-01-01

The hyperfine interaction of two spins is a well studied effect in atomic systems. Magnetic resonance experiments demonstrate that the detectable dipole transitions are determined by the magnetic moments of the constituents and the external magnetic field. Transferring the corresponding quantum mechanics to molecular bound nuclear spins allows for precise prediction of NMR spectra obtained from metabolites in human tissue. This molecular hyperfine structure has been neglected so far in in vivo NMR spectroscopy but contains useful information, especially when studying molecular dynamics. This contribution represents a review of the concept of applying the Breit-Rabi formalism to coupled nuclear spins and discusses the immobilization of different metabolites in anisotropic tissue revealed by 1H NMR spectra of carnosine, phosphocreatine and taurine. Comparison of atomic and molecular spin systems allows for statements on the biological constraints for direct spin-spin interactions. Moreover, the relevance of hyperfine effects on the line shapes of multiplets of indirectly-coupled spin systems with more than two constituents can be predicted by analyzing quantum mechanical parameters. As an example, the superposition of eigenstates of the AMX system of adenosine 5'-triphosphate and its application for better quantification of 31P-NMR spectra will be discussed. (orig.)

[Hyperfine structure analysis in magnetic resonance spectroscopy: from astrophysical measurements towards endogenous biosensors in human tissue].

Science.gov (United States)

Schröder, Leif

2007-01-01

The hyperfine interaction of two spins is a well studied effect in atomic systems. Magnetic resonance experiments demonstrate that the detectable dipole transitions are determined by the magnetic moments of the constituents and the external magnetic field. Transferring the corresponding quantum mechanics to molecular bound nuclear spins allows for precise prediction of NMR spectra obtained from metabolites in human tissue. This molecular hyperfine structure has been neglected so far in in vivo NMR spectroscopy but contains useful information, especially when studying molecular dynamics. This contribution represents a review of the concept of applying the Breit-Rabi formalism to coupled nuclear spins and discusses the immobilization of different metabolites in anisotropic tissue revealed by 1H NMR spectra of carnosine, phosphocreatine and taurine. Comparison of atomic and molecular spin systems allows for statements on the biological constraints for direct spin-spin interactions. Moreover, the relevance of hyperfine effects on the line shapes of multiplets of indirectly-coupled spin systems with more than two constituents can be predicted by analyzing quantum mechanical parameters. As an example, the superposition of eigenstates of the A MX system of adenosine 5'-triphosphate and its application for better quantification of 31P-NMR spectra will be discussed.

Effect of vanadium neighbors on the hyperfine properties of iron-vanadium alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elzain, M., E-mail: elzain@squ.edu.om; Yousif, A.; Gismelseed, A.; Al Rawas, A.; Widatallah, H.; Bouziane, K.; Al-Omari, I. [College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Physics Department (Oman)

2008-06-15

The electronic and magnetic structures of Fe-V alloys are calculated using the discrete-variational and full-potential linearized-augmented-plane wave methods. The derived hyperfine properties at Fe sites are studied against the number of Fe atoms in the neighbouring shells. As expected the magnetic hyperfine field depends strongly on the number of Fe atoms in the first and second shells of neighbours while its dependence on the variation of atoms in the third shell is weak. The calculated distribution of the magnetic hyperfine fields at the Fe sites, are compared to the experimental data of Krause et al. (Phys Rev B 61:6196-6204, 2000). The contact charge densities and the magnetic moments are also calculated. It was found that the contact charge density increases with increasing V contents and this leads to negative isomer shift on addition of V.

Temperature dependence of the magnetic hyperfine field at an s–p impurity diluted in RNi{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, A.L. de, E-mail: alexandre.oliveira@ifrj.edu.br [Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Nilópolis, RJ (Brazil); Chaves, C.M., E-mail: cmch@cbpf.br [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Oliveira, N.A. de [Instituto de Física Armando Dias Tavares, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Troper, A. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2016-03-01

We study the formation of local magnetic moments and magnetic hyperfine fields at an s–p impurity diluted in intermetallic Laves phase compounds RNi{sub 2} (R=Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy) at finite temperatures. We start with a clean host and later the impurity is introduced. The host has two-coupled (R and Ni) sublattice Hubbard Hamiltonians but the Ni sublattice can be disregarded because its d band, being full, is magnetically ineffective. Also, the effect of the 4f electrons of R is represented by the polarization they produce on the d band. This leaves us with a lattice of effective rare earth R-ions with polarized electrons. For the dd electronic interaction we use the Hubbard–Stratonovich identity in a functional integral approach in the static saddle point approximation. - Highlights: • Functional integral method in the static limit, producing site disorder, is used. • The site disorder is treated with the Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA). • Non magnetic Ni generates an effective lattice with only a polarized R d band. • The effective R lattice differ from the pure R metal: Results and Discussions. • The experimental curve of hyperfine fields × temperature are very well reproduced.

Comment on contact contributions to the magnetic hyperfine interaction of rare-earth impurities in iron

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernas, H.

1977-01-01

The influence of the strong d character of the Fe conduction band on the hyperfine interaction of dilute rare earth impurities is emphasized, and the contact contributions are estimated. Apparent inconsistencies between hyperfine field measurements for Eu and Gd in Fe are noted

Decoupling of the hyperfine interactions in /sup 12/B ions by the external magnetic field

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sugimoto, K; Tanihata, I; Kogo, S; Tanaka, M [Osaka Univ., Toyonaka (Japan). Faculty of Science

1976-11-01

It is known that product nuclei /sup 12/B (Isup(..pi..) = 1/sup +/, Tsub(1/2) = 20 ms) by the /sup 11/B(d,p)/sup 12/B reaction are sizably oriented if one selects recoil nuclei at the incident deuteron energy and the recoil angle thetasub(R). The hyperfine interactions in recoil ions in flight in free space affect the nuclear orientation. In this experiment, the nuclear orientation in the recoil ions implanted into a stopper were measured as a function of strength of a static magnetic field applied in normal to the reaction plane. A thin single crystal of magnesium was used as the recoil stopper, of which the hexagonal c-axis was set in parallel to the external field.

Velocity dependence of enhanced dynamic hyperfine field for Pd ions swiftly recoiling in magnetized Fe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stuchbery, A.E.; Ryan, G.C.; Bolotin, H.H.; Sie, S.H.

1980-01-01

The velocity-dependence of the magnitude of the enchanced dynamic hyperfine magnetic field (EDF) manifest at nuclei of 108 Pd ions swiftly recoiling through thin magnetized Fe has been investigated at ion velocities higher than have heretofore been examined for the heavier nuclides (i.e., at initial recoil velocities (v/Zv 0 )=0.090 and 0.160, v 0 =c/137). These results for 108 Pd, when taken in conjunction with those of prior similar measurements for 106 Pd at lower velocities, and fitted to a velocity dependence for the EDF, give for the Pd isotopes over the extended velocity range 1.74 0 )<=7.02, p=0.41+-0.15; a result incompatible with previous attributions of a linear velocity dependence for the field

Hyperfine fields at some 4d, 5d and 4f impurities in ferromagnetic GdZn and GdCd

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kasamatsu, Y.; Kojima, K.; Hihara, T.

1995-01-01

Hyperfine (hf) fields at 4d (Y, Nb, Rh, Pd), 5d (Lu, Ta, Ir) and 4f (La, Nd, Sm, Eu) impurities in ferromagnetic GdZn and GdCd have been measured by NMR at 4.2 K. The local moment contributions to the hf field suggest that the impurity moments at the beginning and end of the d series are parallel and antiparallel to Gd moments, respectively. The hf results for 4f impurities are also discussed. ((orig.))

Hyperfine field and electronic structure of magnetite below the Verwey transition

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Řezníček, R.; Chlan, V.; Štěpánková, H.; Novák, Pavel

2015-01-01

Roč. 91, č. 12 (2015), "125134-1"-"125134-10" ISSN 1098-0121 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : hyperfine interactions and isotope effects * density functional theory * local density approximation * gradient and other corrections * nuclear magnetic resonance Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 3.736, year: 2014

Observation of the hyperfine spectrum of antihydrogen

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmadi, M.; Alves, B. X. R.; Baker, C. J.; Bertsche, W.; Butler, E.; Capra, A.; Carruth, C.; Cesar, C. L.; Charlton, M.; Cohen, S.; Collister, R.; Eriksson, S.; Evans, A.; Evetts, N.; Fajans, J.; Friesen, T.; Fujiwara, M. C.; Gill, D. R.; Gutierrez, A.; Hangst, J. S.; Hardy, W. N.; Hayden, M. E.; Isaac, C. A.; Ishida, A.; Johnson, M. A.; Jones, S. A.; Jonsell, S.; Kurchaninov, L.; Madsen, N.; Mathers, M.; Maxwell, D.; McKenna, J. T. K.; Menary, S.; Michan, J. M.; Momose, T.; Munich, J. J.; Nolan, P.; Olchanski, K.; Olin, A.; Pusa, P.; Rasmussen, C. Ø.; Robicheaux, F.; Sacramento, R. L.; Sameed, M.; Sarid, E.; Silveira, D. M.; Stracka, S.; Stutter, G.; So, C.; Tharp, T. D.; Thompson, J. E.; Thompson, R. I.; van der Werf, D. P.; Wurtele, J. S.

2017-08-01

The observation of hyperfine structure in atomic hydrogen by Rabi and co-workers and the measurement of the zero-field ground-state splitting at the level of seven parts in 1013 are important achievements of mid-twentieth-century physics. The work that led to these achievements also provided the first evidence for the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, inspired Schwinger’s relativistic theory of quantum electrodynamics and gave rise to the hydrogen maser, which is a critical component of modern navigation, geo-positioning and very-long-baseline interferometry systems. Research at the Antiproton Decelerator at CERN by the ALPHA collaboration extends these enquiries into the antimatter sector. Recently, tools have been developed that enable studies of the hyperfine structure of antihydrogen—the antimatter counterpart of hydrogen. The goal of such studies is to search for any differences that might exist between this archetypal pair of atoms, and thereby to test the fundamental principles on which quantum field theory is constructed. Magnetic trapping of antihydrogen atoms provides a means of studying them by combining electromagnetic interaction with detection techniques that are unique to antimatter. Here we report the results of a microwave spectroscopy experiment in which we probe the response of antihydrogen over a controlled range of frequencies. The data reveal clear and distinct signatures of two allowed transitions, from which we obtain a direct, magnetic-field-independent measurement of the hyperfine splitting. From a set of trials involving 194 detected atoms, we determine a splitting of 1,420.4 ± 0.5 megahertz, consistent with expectations for atomic hydrogen at the level of four parts in 104. This observation of the detailed behaviour of a quantum transition in an atom of antihydrogen exemplifies tests of fundamental symmetries such as charge-parity-time in antimatter, and the techniques developed here will enable more-precise such tests.

Observation of the hyperfine spectrum of antihydrogen.

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmadi, M; Alves, B X R; Baker, C J; Bertsche, W; Butler, E; Capra, A; Carruth, C; Cesar, C L; Charlton, M; Cohen, S; Collister, R; Eriksson, S; Evans, A; Evetts, N; Fajans, J; Friesen, T; Fujiwara, M C; Gill, D R; Gutierrez, A; Hangst, J S; Hardy, W N; Hayden, M E; Isaac, C A; Ishida, A; Johnson, M A; Jones, S A; Jonsell, S; Kurchaninov, L; Madsen, N; Mathers, M; Maxwell, D; McKenna, J T K; Menary, S; Michan, J M; Momose, T; Munich, J J; Nolan, P; Olchanski, K; Olin, A; Pusa, P; Rasmussen, C Ø; Robicheaux, F; Sacramento, R L; Sameed, M; Sarid, E; Silveira, D M; Stracka, S; Stutter, G; So, C; Tharp, T D; Thompson, J E; Thompson, R I; van der Werf, D P; Wurtele, J S

2017-08-02

The observation of hyperfine structure in atomic hydrogen by Rabi and co-workers and the measurement of the zero-field ground-state splitting at the level of seven parts in 10 13 are important achievements of mid-twentieth-century physics. The work that led to these achievements also provided the first evidence for the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, inspired Schwinger's relativistic theory of quantum electrodynamics and gave rise to the hydrogen maser, which is a critical component of modern navigation, geo-positioning and very-long-baseline interferometry systems. Research at the Antiproton Decelerator at CERN by the ALPHA collaboration extends these enquiries into the antimatter sector. Recently, tools have been developed that enable studies of the hyperfine structure of antihydrogen-the antimatter counterpart of hydrogen. The goal of such studies is to search for any differences that might exist between this archetypal pair of atoms, and thereby to test the fundamental principles on which quantum field theory is constructed. Magnetic trapping of antihydrogen atoms provides a means of studying them by combining electromagnetic interaction with detection techniques that are unique to antimatter. Here we report the results of a microwave spectroscopy experiment in which we probe the response of antihydrogen over a controlled range of frequencies. The data reveal clear and distinct signatures of two allowed transitions, from which we obtain a direct, magnetic-field-independent measurement of the hyperfine splitting. From a set of trials involving 194 detected atoms, we determine a splitting of 1,420.4 ± 0.5 megahertz, consistent with expectations for atomic hydrogen at the level of four parts in 10 4 . This observation of the detailed behaviour of a quantum transition in an atom of antihydrogen exemplifies tests of fundamental symmetries such as charge-parity-time in antimatter, and the techniques developed here will enable more-precise such tests.

Magnetic field dependent 13C and 1H CIDNP from biradicals. The role of the hyperfine coupling constant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kanter, F.J.J. de; Sagdeev, R.Z.

1978-01-01

Magnetic field dependent biradical CIDNP has been observed in the natural abundance 13 C and 1 H NMR spectra taken immediately after irradiation of cyclic ketones in an auxillary magnet. The 13 C field dependence curves differ from the corresponding 1 H curves: The maxima of the curves for the C 11 and C 12 biradicals appear at a higher magnetic field strength, and the 13 C curves are broader than the 1 H curves. These differences are due to the different magnitudes of the hyperfine coupling constants for 13 C and 1 H and can be accounted for by a model based on a stochastic Liouville method which incorporates the dynamics of the biradicals. (Auth.)

Quark color-hyperfine interactions in baryons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anselmino, M.; Lichtenberg, D.B.

1990-01-01

We consider the contribution from the color-hyperfine interaction to the energies of groundstate hadrons, with an emphasis on baryons. We use experimental information about how the color-hyperfine term depends on flavor to make predictions about the masses of baryons containing a heavy quark. We then generalize some relations between color-hyperfine matrix elements in mesons and baryons to obtain a number of additional predictions about the masses of as-yet unobserved baryons. Most of our predictions are in the form of inequalities. (orig.)

Characterization of the hyperfine interaction of the excited D50 state of Eu3 +:Y2SiO5

Science.gov (United States)

Cruzeiro, Emmanuel Zambrini; Etesse, Jean; Tiranov, Alexey; Bourdel, Pierre-Antoine; Fröwis, Florian; Goldner, Philippe; Gisin, Nicolas; Afzelius, Mikael

2018-03-01

We characterize the europium (Eu3 +) hyperfine interaction of the excited state (D50) and determine its effective spin Hamiltonian parameters for the Zeeman and quadrupole tensors. An optical free induction decay method is used to measure all hyperfine splittings under a weak external magnetic field (up to 10 mT) for various field orientations. On the basis of the determined Hamiltonian, we discuss the possibility to predict optical transition probabilities between hyperfine levels for the F70⟷D50 transition. The obtained results provide necessary information to realize an optical quantum memory scheme which utilizes long spin coherence properties of 3 + 151Eu :Y2SiO5 material under external magnetic fields.

Hyperfine interactions in the cubic semiconductor CdO

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desimoni, J.; Bibiloni, A.G.; Massolo, C.P.; Renteria, M.

1990-01-01

The time-differential perturbed angular correlation technique has been applied using 111 In probes, which decay through electron capture to 111 Cd, to study the hyperfine interaction in cubic cadmium oxide, in the temperature range RT--740 degree C (RT denotes room temperature). The main fraction of probes are located in perfect-lattice sites, with null electric field gradient in agreement with crystalline-structure considerations. Around 25% of the total intensity shows an electric-field-gradient distribution around V zz =0. This corresponds to probes located in sites perturbed by the vicinity of oxygen vacancies in the lattice. The temperature-independent behavior of the measured hyperfine parameters is discussed in terms of conductivity and band-structure properties of the semiconductor. No time-dependent interaction arising from nuclear electron-capture aftereffects are seen in this experiment. This is in agreement with a previously reported model of aftereffect processes which states that only holes trapped in impurity levels inside the band gap of the semiconductor can give rise to detectable fluctuating interactions

Hyperfine interactions in the cubic semiconductor CdO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Desimoni, J.; Bibiloni, A.G.; Massolo, C.P.; Renteria, M. (Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Casilla de Correo No. 67, 1900 La Plata, Argentina (AR))

1990-01-15

The time-differential perturbed angular correlation technique has been applied using {sup 111}In probes, which decay through electron capture to {sup 111}Cd, to study the hyperfine interaction in cubic cadmium oxide, in the temperature range RT--740 {degree}C (RT denotes room temperature). The main fraction of probes are located in perfect-lattice sites, with null electric field gradient in agreement with crystalline-structure considerations. Around 25% of the total intensity shows an electric-field-gradient distribution around {ital V}{sub {ital zz}}=0. This corresponds to probes located in sites perturbed by the vicinity of oxygen vacancies in the lattice. The temperature-independent behavior of the measured hyperfine parameters is discussed in terms of conductivity and band-structure properties of the semiconductor. No time-dependent interaction arising from nuclear electron-capture aftereffects are seen in this experiment. This is in agreement with a previously reported model of aftereffect processes which states that only holes trapped in impurity levels inside the band gap of the semiconductor can give rise to detectable fluctuating interactions.

Coherent control of two individual electron spins and influence of hyperfine coupling in a double quantum dot

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tarucha, S; Obata, T; Pioro-Ladriere, M; Brunner, R; Shin, Y-S; Kubo, T; Tokura, Y

2011-01-01

Electric dipole spin resonance of two individual electrons and the influence of hyperfine coupling on the spin resonance are studied for a double quantum dot equipped with a micro-magnet. The spin resonance occurs by oscillating the electron in each dot at microwave (MW) frequencies in the presence of a micro-magnet induced stray field. The observed continuous wave (CW) and time-resolved spin resonances are consistent with calculations in which the MW induced AC electric field and micro-magnet induced stray field are taken into account. The influence of hyperfine coupling causes an increase and broadening of the respective CW spin resonance peaks through dynamical nuclear polarization when sweeping up the magnetic field. This behaviour appears stronger for the larger of the two spin resonance peaks and in general becomes more pronounced as the MW power increases, both reflecting that the electron-nuclei interaction is more efficient for the stronger spin resonance. In addition the hyperfine coupling effect only becomes pronounced when the MW induced AC magnetic field exceeds the fluctuating nuclear field.

EFFECTIVE HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS OF AMMONIA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Augustovičová, L.; Soldán, P.; Špirko, V., E-mail: spirko@marge.uochb.cas.cz [Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Ke Karlovu 3, CZ-12116 Prague 2 (Czech Republic)

2016-06-20

The hyperfine structure of the rotation-inversion ( v {sub 2} = 0{sup +}, 0{sup −}, 1{sup +}, 1{sup −}) states of the {sup 14}NH{sub 3} and {sup 15}NH{sub 3} ammonia isotopomers is rationalized in terms of effective (ro-inversional) hyperfine-structure (hfs) functions. These are determined by fitting to available experimental data using the Hougen’s effective hyperfine-structure Hamiltonian within the framework of the non-rigid inverter theory. Involving only a moderate number of mass independent fitting parameters, the fitted hfs functions provide a fairly close reproduction of a large majority of available experimental data, thus evidencing adequacy of these functions for reliable prediction. In future experiments, this may help us derive spectroscopic constants of observed inversion and rotation-inversion transitions deperturbed from hyperfine effects. The deperturbed band centers of ammonia come to the forefront of fundamental physics especially as the probes of a variable proton-to-electron mass ratio.

Measured static hyperfine magnetic fields following implantation of Pt into Fe interpreted as evidence for pre-equilibrium effects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anderssen, S.S.; Stuchberry, A.E.

1994-06-01

The static hyperfine magnetic field present at Pt nuclei implanted in ferromagnetic Fe has been measured using the ion-implantation perturbed angular correlation (IMPAC) technique following Coulomb excitation. The present measured precessions agree with earlier data, but more recent information on the transient field correction leads to an inferred static field strength that is ∼ 25% smaller than obtained previously. Comparisons are made between the static fields measured by various techniques for Pt and neighbouring ions in iron. From these comparisons, it is show that the IMPAC data are consistent with a scenario in which (i) the static field takes about 10 ps to reach its equilibrium value, following recovery from dynamic structural damage caused by the ion-implantation process, and (ii) following equilibration, a large fraction (∼ 90%) of the implanted ions have final positions on lattice sites of the Fe host. 50 refs., 5 tabs., 7 figs

Measured static hyperfine magnetic fields following implantation of Pt into Fe interpreted as evidence for pre-equilibrium effects

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anderssen, S S; Stuchberry, A E

1994-06-01

The static hyperfine magnetic field present at Pt nuclei implanted in ferromagnetic Fe has been measured using the ion-implantation perturbed angular correlation (IMPAC) technique following Coulomb excitation. The present measured precessions agree with earlier data, but more recent information on the transient field correction leads to an inferred static field strength that is {approx} 25% smaller than obtained previously. Comparisons are made between the static fields measured by various techniques for Pt and neighbouring ions in iron. From these comparisons, it is show that the IMPAC data are consistent with a scenario in which (i) the static field takes about 10 ps to reach its equilibrium value, following recovery from dynamic structural damage caused by the ion-implantation process, and (ii) following equilibration, a large fraction ({approx} 90%) of the implanted ions have final positions on lattice sites of the Fe host. 50 refs., 5 tabs., 7 figs.

Temperature and field independence of the fluorine and lithium NMR shift tensors in lithium rare-earth tetrafluorides

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nevald, Rolf; Hansen, P. E.

1978-01-01

The fluorine and lithium NMR line shifts have been followed in temperature from 300 to 1.3 K and in fields up to 40 kG for LiTbF4 and LiHoF4. The Tb3+ and Ho3+ ionic moments cause these shifts. The Li shifts are dominated by dipole interactions, whereas the F shifts also have transferred hyperfine...... contributions of comparable sizes. The transferred hyperfine interactions turn out to be almost isotropic and exhibiting no temperature or field dependence. In LiHoF4 the line shifts are detectable within the entire temperature range. In LiTbF4 the fluorine and lithium lines broaden to such an extent...

Hyperfine interactions of /sup 12/B implanted in ferromagnetic nickel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hamagaki, H; Nojiri, Y; Sugimoto, K [Osaka Univ., Toyonaka (Japan). Dept. of Physics; Nakai, K

1979-12-01

Temperature dependences of hyperfine interactions of /sup 12/B implanted in Ni were investigated in the temperature range of 6 K - 730 K by the NMR method with use of polarized /sup 12/B produced in a nuclear reaction and the asymmetric ..beta.. decay. Two kinds of hyperfine fields with different signs were observed (B sub(hf)sup(+) = +4.161 +- 0.022 kG and B sub(hf)sup(-) = -1.611 +- 0.021 kG at 6 K), which indicated that the implanted /sup 12/B were trapped in two different sites (S/sup +/ and S/sup -/, respectively). The spin-lattice relaxation times T/sub 1/ and the population rates at the two sites were studied. Near the Curie temperature, an effect of critical slowing-down of the spin-spin correlation was observed as steep variation of T/sub 1/. The behavior of local field around T sub(C) was also studied by varying the external field. Results of these experiments near T sub(C) indicate itinerant nature of the electron-spin structure in nickel.

Fine- and hyperfine-structure effects in molecular photoionization. II. Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization and hyperfine-selective generation of molecular cations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Germann, Matthias; Willitsch, Stefan, E-mail: stefan.willitsch@unibas.ch [Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel (Switzerland)

2016-07-28

Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) is a widely used technique for studying molecular photoionization and producing molecular cations for spectroscopy and dynamics studies. Here, we present a model for describing hyperfine-structure effects in the REMPI process and for predicting hyperfine populations in molecular ions produced by this method. This model is a generalization of our model for fine- and hyperfine-structure effects in one-photon ionization of molecules presented in Paper I [M. Germann and S. Willitsch, J. Chem. Phys. 145, 044314 (2016)]. This generalization is achieved by covering two main aspects: (1) treatment of the neutral bound-bound transition including the hyperfine structure that makes up the first step of the REMPI process and (2) modification of our ionization model to account for anisotropic populations resulting from this first excitation step. Our findings may be used for analyzing results from experiments with molecular ions produced by REMPI and may serve as a theoretical background for hyperfine-selective ionization experiments.

Velocity dependence of transient hyperfine field at Pt ions rapidly recoiling through magnetized Fe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stuchbery, A.E.; Ryan, C.G.; Bolotin, H.H.

1981-01-01

The velocity-dependence of the transient hyperfine magnetic field acting at nuclei of 196 Pt ions rapidly recoiling through thin magnetized Fe was investigated at a number of recoil velocities. The state of interest (2 1 + ) was populated by Coulomb excitation using beams of 80- and 120-MeV 32 S and 150- and 220-MeV 58 Ni ions. The 2 1 + →0 1 + γ-ray angular distribution precession measurements were carried out in coincidence with backscattered projectiles. From these results, the strength of the transient field acting on Pt ions recoiling through magnetized Fe with average velocities in the extended range 2.14<=v/vsub(o)<=4.82 (vsub(o) = c/137) was found to be consistent with a linear velocity dependence and to be incompatible with the specific vsup(0.45+-0.18) dependence which has been previously reported to account well for all ions in the mass range from oxygen through samarium. This seemingly singular behaviour for Pt and other ions in the Pt mass vicinity is discussed

Muons as hyperfine interaction probes in chemistry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ghandi, Khashayar, E-mail: kghandi@triumf.ca; MacLean, Amy [Mount Allison University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry (Canada)

2015-04-15

Spin polarized positive muons injected in matter serve as magnetic probes for the investigation of physical and chemical properties of free radicals, mechanisms of free radical reactions and their formations, and radiation effects. All muon techniques rely on the evolution of spin polarization (of the muon) and in that respect are similar to conventional magnetic resonance techniques. The applications of the muon as a hyperfine probe in several fields in chemistry are described.

Muons as hyperfine interaction probes in chemistry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghandi, Khashayar; MacLean, Amy

2015-01-01

Spin polarized positive muons injected in matter serve as magnetic probes for the investigation of physical and chemical properties of free radicals, mechanisms of free radical reactions and their formations, and radiation effects. All muon techniques rely on the evolution of spin polarization (of the muon) and in that respect are similar to conventional magnetic resonance techniques. The applications of the muon as a hyperfine probe in several fields in chemistry are described

Moessbauer investigation of static-disorder crystalline media. V. Hyperfine fields' dispersion in static-disordered crystalline media of tetragonal and trigonal iron germanates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Constantinescu, S.

2007-01-01

The refined 57 Fe Moessbauer spectra of some static-disordered crystalline media (with melilite and Ca-gallate structure) evidenced observable electric and magnetic crystal field dispersions. It is the fifth in a series of papers published previously in the same journal on this subject. The data of crystalline hyperfine fields and their dispersion parameters have calculated using the modeling procedure given in a paper by Kaminskii, et al. published in 1986. The obtained values of the magnetic and quadrupole splitting parameters compared with to experimental data showed the possibility to predict the crystal fields' dispersion. (author)

Observation of Hyperfine Transitions in Trapped Ground-State Antihydrogen

CERN Document Server

Olin, Arthur

2015-01-01

This paper discusses the first observation of stimulated magnetic resonance transitions between the hyperfine levels of trapped ground state atomic antihydrogen, confirming its presence in the ALPHA apparatus. Our observations show that these transitions are consistent with the values in hydrogen to within 4~parts~in~$10^3$. Simulations of the trapped antiatoms in a microwave field are consistent with our measurements.

Observation of hyperfine transitions in trapped ground-state antihydrogen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Collaboration: A. Olin for the ALPHA Collaboration

2015-08-15

This paper discusses the first observation of stimulated magnetic resonance transitions between the hyperfine levels of trapped ground state atomic antihydrogen, confirming its presence in the ALPHA apparatus. Our observations show that these transitions are consistent with the values in hydrogen to within 4 parts in 10{sup 3}. Simulations of the trapped antiatoms in a microwave field are consistent with our measurements.

Hyperfine structure of S-states of muonic tritium

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martynenko F.A.

2017-01-01

Full Text Available On the basis of quasipotential method in quantum electrodynamics we carry out a precise calculation of hyperfine splitting of S-states in muonic tritium. The one-loop and two-loop vacuum polarization corrections, relativistic effects, nuclear structure corrections in first and second orders of perturbation theory are taken into account. The contributions to hyperfine structure are obtained in integral form and calculated analytically and numerically. Obtained results for hyperfine splitting can be used for a comparison with future experimental data of CREMA collaboration.

Theoretical and experimental investigation of atomic radiative lifetimes and hyperfine structures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Joensson, Per.

1992-01-01

Atomic radiative lifetimes and hyperfine structures as well as other properties, such as total energy and specific mass shift, have been studied theoretically and experimentally. Computer programs to calculate hyperfine structure constants from non-relativistic multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock (MCHF) and relativistic multi-configuration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) wavefunctions have been written. Using these programs large-scale calculations of hyperfine structures in lithium and sodium have been performed. It is shown, that the MCHF method is able to predict hyperfine structures to an accuracy of a few per mille in lithium, whereas for the more complex hyperfine structures to an accuracy of a few per mille in lithium, whereas for the more complex sodium atom an accuracy of a few per cent is obtainable. For lithium convergence of the total energy, ionization energy, specific mass shift and hyperfine parameters has been studied with the MCHF method. Radiative lifetimes and hyperfine structures of excited states in sodium and silver have been experimentally determined using time-resolved laser spectroscopy. By recording the fluorescence light decay curves following VUV excitation, the radiative lifetimes and hyperfine structures of the 7p 2 P states in silver were measured. The delayed-coincidence technique has been used to make very accurate measurements of the radiative lifetimes and hyperfine structures of the lowest P states in sodium and silver

Study of hyperfine interactions in V2O3 by angular correlation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jesus Silva, P.R. de.

1985-01-01

The hyperfine interaction in v 2 O 3 in function of temperature by measurements of time differential perturbed angular correlation is studied. The samples presented quadrupole interaction in the probe center, Cd 111 immediatelly after sintering, when reduced in H 2 flux at 800 0 C. A pure electric quadrupole interaction at the metallic phase and a combined interaction of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole at the insulating antiferromagnetic phase, were observed. The electric field gradient undergoes abrupt variation at the metal-insulating transition at T=160 0 K from 8.2x10 17 v/cm 2 at the insulating phase to 6.3x10 17 v/cm 2 in the metallic phase, however varies smoothly with the temperature at T=450 0 K when variations in resistivity also occur. At metallic phase the electric field increases with the temperature enhacement. The hyperfine magnetic field of Cd 111 at antiferromagnetic phase of V 2 O 3 has a saturation value of 15(1) KOe and performes an angle of β=68(2) 0 with the main component direction of electric field gradient. (M.C.K.) [pt

Toward the measurement of the hyperfine splitting in the ground state of muonic hydrogen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bakalov, Dimitar, E-mail: dbakalov@inrne.bas.bg [Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (Bulgaria); Adamczak, Andrzej [Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Physics (Poland); Stoilov, Mihail [Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (Bulgaria); Vacchi, Andrea [Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste (Italy)

2015-08-15

The recent Lamb shift experiment at PSI and the controversy about proton size revived the interest in measuring the hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen and extracting the proton Zemach radius. The efficiency of the experimental method depends on the energy dependence of the muon transfer rate to higher-Z gases in the near epithermal energy range. As long as the available experimental data only give the average transfer rate in the whole epithermal range, and the detailed theoretical calculations have not yet been verified, an experiment has been started for the measurement of the transfer rate in thermalized gas target at different temperatures and extracting from the data an estimate of the transfer rate for arbitrary energies. We outline the underlying mathematical method and estimate its accuracy.

New precise measurement of muonium hyperfine structure interval at J-PARC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ueno, Y., E-mail: yueno@radphys4.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp [University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); Aoki, M. [Osaka University, Graduate School of Science (Japan); Fukao, Y. [KEK (Japan); Higashi, Y.; Higuchi, T. [University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); Iinuma, H.; Ikedo, Y. [KEK (Japan); Ishida, K. [RIKEN (Japan); Ito, T. U. [Japan Atomic Energy Agency (Japan); Iwasaki, M. [RIKEN (Japan); Kadono, R. [KEK (Japan); Kamigaito, O. [RIKEN (Japan); Kanda, S. [University of Tokyo, Department of Physics (Japan); Kawall, D. [University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Department of Physics (United States); Kawamura, N.; Koda, A.; Kojima, K. M. [KEK (Japan); Kubo, M. K. [International Christian University, Graduate School of Arts and Science (Japan); Matsuda, Y. [University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); Mibe, T. [KEK (Japan); and others

2017-11-15

MuSEUM is an international collaboration aiming at a new precise measurement of the muonium hyperfine structure at J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex). Utilizing its intense pulsed muon beam, we expect a ten-fold improvement for both measurements at high magnetic field and zero magnetic field. We have developed a sophisticated monitoring system, including a beam profile monitor to measure the 3D distribution of muonium atoms to suppress the systematic uncertainty.

Vibration dependence of the tensor spin-spin and scalar spin-spin hyperfine interactions by precision measurement of hyperfine structures of 127I2 near 532 nm

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hong Fenglei; Zhang Yun; Ishikawa, Jun; Onae, Atsushi; Matsumoto, Hirokazu

2002-01-01

Hyperfine structures of the R(87)33-0, R(145)37-0, and P(132)36-0 transitions of molecular iodine near 532 nm are measured by observing the heterodyne beat-note signal of two I 2 -stabilized lasers, whose frequencies are bridged by an optical frequency comb generator. The measured hyperfine splittings are fit to a four-term Hamiltonian, which includes the electric quadrupole, spin-rotation, tensor spin-spin, and scalar spin-spin interactions, with an accuracy of ∼720 Hz. High-accurate hyperfine constants are obtained from this fit. Vibration dependences of the tensor spin-spin and scalar spin-spin hyperfine constants are determined for molecular iodine, for the first time to our knowledge. The observed hyperfine transitions are good optical frequency references in the 532-nm region

Derivation of the electric dipole--dipole interaction as an electric hyperfine interaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parker, G.W.

1986-01-01

The electric dipole--dipole interaction is derived by assuming that the electron and proton in hydrogen have intrinsic electric dipole moments that interact to give an electric hyperfine interaction. The electric field at the proton due to the electron's presumed dipole moment then gives rise to a contact type term for l = 0 and the normal dipole--dipole term for lnot =0. When combined with our previous derivation of the magnetic hyperfine interaction [Am. J. Phys. 52, 36 (1984)], which used a similar approach, these derivations provide a unified treatment of the interaction of electric and magnetic dipoles. As an application of these results, the product of the electron's and proton's dipole moments is estimated to be less than 10 -29 e 2 cm 2

Hyperfine splitting of low-lying heavy baryons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Harada, M.; Qamar, A.; Schechter, J. [Syracuse Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Physics; Sannino, F. [Syracuse Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Physics]|[Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Mostra D`Oltremare Pad. 19, 80125, Napoli (Italy); Weigel, H. [Institute for Theoretical Physics, Tuebingen University, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076, Tuebingen (Germany)

1997-11-10

We calculate the next-to-leading order contribution to the masses of the heavy baryons in the bound-state approach for baryons containing a heavy quark. These 1/N{sub C} corrections arise when states of good spin and isospin are generated from the background soliton of the light meson fields. Our study is motivated by the previously established result that light vector meson fields are required for this soliton in order to reasonably describe the spectrum of both the light and the heavy baryons. We note that the inclusion of light vector mesons significantly improves the agreement of the predicted hyperfine splitting with experiment. A number of aspects of this somewhat complicated calculation are discussed in detail. (orig.). 33 refs.

Analysis of Hydrogen Cyanide Hyperfine Spectral Components towards Star Forming Cores

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Loughnane R. M.

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Although hydrogen cyanide has become quite a common molecular tracing species for a variety of astrophysical sources, it, however, exhibits dramatic non-LTE behaviour in its hyperfine line structure. Individual hyperfine components can be strongly boosted or suppressed. If these so-called hyperfine line anomalies are present in the HCN rotational spectra towards low or high mass cores, this will affect the interpretation of various physical properties such as the line opacity and excitation temperature in the case of low mass objects and infall velocities in the case of their higher mass counterparts. Anomalous line ratios are present either through the relative strengths of neighboring hyperfine lines or through the varying widths of hyperfine lines belonging to a particular rotational line. This work involves the first observational investigation of these anomalies in two HCN rotational transitions, J=1→0 and J=3→2, towards both low mass starless cores and high mass protostellar objects. The degree of anomaly in these two rotational transitions is considered by computing the ratios of neighboring hyperfine lines in individual spectra. Results indicate some degree of anomaly is present in all cores considered in our survey, the most likely cause being line overlap effects among hyperfine components in higher rotational transitions.

Numerical Simulations of Hyperfine Transitions of Antihydrogen

CERN Document Server

Kolbinger, B.; Diermaier, M.; Lehner, S.; Malbrunot, C.; Massiczek, O.; Sauerzopf, C.; Simon, M.C.; Widmann, E.

2015-02-04

One of the ASACUSA (Atomic Spectroscopy And Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons) collaboration's goals is the measurement of the ground state hyperfine transition frequency in antihydrogen, the antimatter counterpart of one of the best known systems in physics. This high precision experiment yields a sensitive test of the fundamental symmetry of CPT. Numerical simulations of hyperfine transitions of antihydrogen atoms have been performed providing information on the required antihydrogen events and the achievable precision.

Numerical simulations of hyperfine transitions of antihydrogen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kolbinger, B., E-mail: bernadette.kolbinger@oeaw.ac.at; Capon, A.; Diermaier, M.; Lehner, S. [Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria); Malbrunot, C. [CERN (Switzerland); Massiczek, O.; Sauerzopf, C.; Simon, M. C.; Widmann, E. [Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria)

2015-08-15

One of the ASACUSA (Atomic Spectroscopy And Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons) collaboration’s goals is the measurement of the ground state hyperfine transition frequency in antihydrogen, the antimatter counterpart of one of the best known systems in physics. This high precision experiment yields a sensitive test of the fundamental symmetry of CPT. Numerical simulations of hyperfine transitions of antihydrogen atoms have been performed providing information on the required antihydrogen events and the achievable precision.

Hyperfine excitation of OH+ by H

Science.gov (United States)

Lique, François; Bulut, Niyazi; Roncero, Octavio

2016-10-01

The OH+ ions are widespread in the interstellar medium and play an important role in the interstellar chemistry as they act as precursors to the H2O molecule. Accurate determination of their abundance rely on their collisional rate coefficients with atomic hydrogen and electrons. In this paper, we derive OH+-H fine and hyperfine-resolved rate coefficients by extrapolating recent quantum wave packet calculations for the OH+ + H collisions, including inelastic and exchange processes. The extrapolation method used is based on the infinite order sudden approach. State-to-state rate coefficients between the first 22 fine levels and 43 hyperfine levels of OH+ were obtained for temperatures ranging from 10 to 1000 K. Fine structure-resolved rate coefficients present a strong propensity rule in favour of Δj = ΔN transitions. The Δj = ΔF propensity rule is observed for the hyperfine transitions. The new rate coefficients will help significantly in the interpretation of OH+ spectra from photon-dominated region (PDR), and enable the OH+ molecule to become a powerful astrophysical tool for studying the oxygen chemistry.

Spin-torsion effects in the hyperfine structure of methanol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coudert, L. H.; Gutlé, C.; Huet, T. R.; Grabow, J.-U.; Levshakov, S. A.

2015-01-01

The magnetic hyperfine structure of the non-rigid methanol molecule is investigated experimentally and theoretically. 12 hyperfine patterns are recorded using molecular beam microwave spectrometers. These patterns, along with previously recorded ones, are analyzed in an attempt to evidence the effects of the magnetic spin-torsion coupling due to the large amplitude internal rotation of the methyl group [J. E. M. Heuvel and A. Dymanus, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 47, 363 (1973)]. The theoretical approach setup to analyze the observed data accounts for this spin-torsion in addition to the familiar magnetic spin-rotation and spin-spin interactions. The theoretical approach relies on symmetry considerations to build a hyperfine coupling Hamiltonian and spin-rotation-torsion wavefunctions compatible with the Pauli exclusion principle. Although all experimental hyperfine patterns are not fully resolved, the line position analysis yields values for several parameters including one describing the spin-torsion coupling

Towards Measuring the Ground State Hyperfine Splitting of Antihydrogen -- A Progress Report

CERN Document Server

Sauerzopf, C.

2016-06-20

We report the successful commissioning and testing of a dedicated field-ioniser chamber for measuring principal quantum number distributions in antihydrogen as part of the ASACUSA hyperfine spectroscopy apparatus. The new chamber is combined with a beam normalisation detector that consists of plastic scintillators and a retractable passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detector.

Radiative Improvement of the Lattice Nonrelativistic QCD Action Using the Background Field Method and Application to the Hyperfine Splitting of Quarkonium States

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hammant, T. C.; Horgan, R. R.; Monahan, C. J.; Hart, A. G.; Hippel, G. M. von

2011-01-01

We present the first application of the background field method to nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) on the lattice in order to determine the one-loop radiative corrections to the coefficients of the NRQCD action in a manifestly gauge-covariant manner. The coefficients of the σ·B term in the NRQCD action and the four-fermion spin-spin interaction are computed at the one-loop level; the resulting shift of the hyperfine splitting of bottomonium is found to bring the lattice predictions in line with experiment.

Calculation of magnetic hyperfine constants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bufaical, R.F.; Maffeo, B.; Brandi, H.S.

1975-01-01

The magnetic hyperfine constants of the V sub(K) center in CaF 2 , SrF 2 and BaF 2 have been calculated assuming a phenomenological model, based on the F 2 - 'central molucule', to describe the wavefunction of the defect. Calculations have shown that introduction of a small degree of covalence, between this central molecule and neighboring ions, is necessary to improve the electronic structure description of the defect. It was also shown that the results for the hyperfine constants are strongly dependent on the relaxations of the ions neighboring the central molecule; these relaxations have been determined by fitting the experimental data. The present results are compared with other previous calculations where similar and different theoretical methods have been used

Polarization transfer from polarized nuclear spin to μ- spin in muonic atom

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuno, Yoshitaka; Nagamine, Kanetada; Yamazaki, Toshimitsu.

1987-02-01

A theoretical study of polarization transfer from an initially-polarized nuclear spin to a μ - spin in a muonic atom is given. The switching of the hyperfine interaction at excited muonic states as well as at the ground 1s state is taken into account. The upper state of hyperfine doublet at the muonic 1s state is considered to proceed down to the lower state. It is found that as the hyperfine interaction becomes effective at higher excited muonic orbitals, a less extent of polarization is transferred from the nuclear spin to the μ - spin. The theoretical values obtained are compared with the recent experiment of μ - repolarization in a polarized 209 Bi target. (author)

Measurement of the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen

CERN Document Server

Juhász, B; Federmann, S

2011-01-01

The ASACUSA collaboration at the Antiproton Decelerator of CERN is planning to measure the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen using an atomic beam line, consisting of a cusp trap as a source of partially polarized antihydrogen atoms, a radiofrequency spin-flip cavity, a superconducting sextupole magnet as spin analyser, and an antihydrogen detector. This will be a measurement of the antiproton magnetic moment, and also a test of the CPT invariance. Monte Carlo simulations predict that the antihydrogen ground-state hyperfine splitting can be determined with a relative precision of ~10−7. The first preliminary measurements of the hyperfine transitions will start in 2011.

Hyperfine interactions and some thermomagnetic properties of amorphous FeZr(CrNbBCu alloys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Łukiewska Agnieszka

2017-06-01

Full Text Available In this research, we studied the magnetic phase transition by Mössbauer spectroscopy and using vibrating sample magnetometer for amorphous Fe86-xZr7CrxNb2Cu1B4 (x = 0 or 6 alloys in the as-quenched state and after accumulative annealing in the temperature range 600-750 K. The Mössbauer investigations were carried out at room and nitrogen temperatures. The Mössbauer spectra of the investigated alloys at room temperature are characteristic of amorphous paramagnets and have a form of asymmetric doublets. However, at nitrogen temperature, the alloys behave like ferromagnetic amorphous materials. The two components are distinguished in the spectrum recorded at both room and nitrogen temperatures. The low field component in the distribution of hyperfine field induction shifts towards higher field with the annealing temperature. It is assumed that during annealing at higher temperature, due to diffusion processes, the grains of α-Fe are created in the area corresponding to this component. Both investigated alloys show the invar effect and the decrease of hyperfine field induction after annealing at 600 K for 10 min is observed. It is accompanied by the lowering of Curie temperature.

Dephasing and hyperfine interaction in carbon nanotubes double quantum dots

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Reynoso, Andres Alejandro; Flensberg, Karsten

2012-01-01

We study theoretically the return probability experiment, which is used to measure the dephasing time T-2*, in a double quantum dot (DQD) in semiconducting carbon nanotubes with spin-orbit coupling and disorder-induced valley mixing. Dephasing is due to hyperfine interaction with the spins of the C...... with these for DQDs in clean nanotubes, whereas the disorder effect is always relevant when the magnetic field is perpendicular to the nanotube axis....

Hyperfine structure of muonic lithium ions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexey P. Martynenko

2015-06-01

Full Text Available On the basis of perturbation theory in fine structure constant $\\alpha$ and the ratio of electron to muon masses we calculate recoil corrections of order $\\alpha^4 (M_e/M_\\mu$, $\\alpha^4 (M_e/M_\\mu^2\\ln(M_e/M_\\mu$, $\\alpha^4 (M_e/M_\\mu^2$, $\\alpha^5(m_e/m_\\mu\\ln(m_e/m_\\mu$ to hyperfine splitting of the ground state in muonic lithium ions $(\\mu e ^6_3\\mathrm{Li}^+$ and $(\\mu e ^7_3\\mathrm{Li}^+$. We obtain total results for the ground state small hyperfine splittings in $(\\mu e ^6_3\\mathrm{Li}^+$ $\\Delta\

Study of hyperfine anomaly in 9,11Be isotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parfenova, Y.; Leclercq-Willain

2005-01-01

The study of the hyperfine anomaly of neutron rich nuclei, in particular, neutron halo nuclei, can give a very specific and unique way to measure their neutron distribution and confirm a halo structure. The hyperfine structure anomaly in Be + ions is calculated with a realistic electronic wave function, obtained as a solution of the Dirac equation. In the calculations, the Coulomb potential modified by the charge distribution of the clustered nucleus and three electrons in the configuration 1s 2 2s is used. The nuclear wave function for the 11 Be nucleus is obtained in the core + nucleon model, and that for the 9 Be nucleus is calculated in the three-cluster (α+α + n) model. The aim of this study is to test whether the hyperfine structure anomaly reflects an extended spatial structure of '1 1 Be. The results of the calculations are listed. ε BW is the hyperfine anomaly in the Bohr-Weisskopf effect and δ is the charge structure correction, μ is the calculated magnetic moment, and μ exp is the experimental value of the magnetic moment, Q and Q exp are the calculated and measured values of the quadrupole moment. The results for 9 Be are obtained with two different three-body wave functions (WF1 and WF2) showing the sensitivity of the calculations to the input parameters. The value of ε BW is sensitive to the weights of the states in the nuclear ground state wave function. The total hyperfine anomaly value εε BW +δ in 11 Be differs from that in 9 Be by 25%. This gives a measure of the accuracy of the hyperfine anomaly measurements needed to study the neutron distribution in the Be isotopes. (authors)

Towards measuring the ground state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen – a progress report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sauerzopf, C., E-mail: clemens.sauerzopf@oeaw.ac.at; Capon, A. A.; Diermaier, M. [Stefan Meyer Institute for subatomic physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria); Dupré, P. [Atomic Physics Laboratory, RIKEN (Japan); Higashi, Y. [University of Tokyo, Institute of Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); Kaga, C. [Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter (Japan); Kolbinger, B. [Stefan Meyer Institute for subatomic physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria); Leali, M. [Università di Brescia, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’ Informazione (Italy); Lehner, S. [Stefan Meyer Institute for subatomic physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria); Rizzini, E. Lodi [Università di Brescia, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’ Informazione (Italy); Malbrunot, C. [Stefan Meyer Institute for subatomic physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria); Mascagna, V. [Università di Brescia, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’ Informazione (Italy); Massiczek, O. [Stefan Meyer Institute for subatomic physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria); Murtagh, D. J.; Nagata, Y.; Radics, B. [Atomic Physics Laboratory, RIKEN (Japan); Simon, M. C.; Suzuki, K. [Stefan Meyer Institute for subatomic physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria); Tajima, M. [University of Tokyo, Institute of Physics, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); Ulmer, S. [Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN (Japan); and others

2016-12-15

We report the successful commissioning and testing of a dedicated field-ioniser chamber for measuring principal quantum number distributions in antihydrogen as part of the ASACUSA hyperfine spectroscopy apparatus. The new chamber is combined with a beam normalisation detector that consists of plastic scintillators and a retractable passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detector.

Spin relaxation in nanowires by hyperfine coupling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Echeverria-Arrondo, C.; Sherman, E.Ya.

2012-01-01

Hyperfine interactions establish limits on spin dynamics and relaxation rates in ensembles of semiconductor quantum dots. It is the confinement of electrons which determines nonzero hyperfine coupling and leads to the spin relaxation. As a result, in nanowires one would expect the vanishing of this effect due to extended electron states. However, even for relatively clean wires, disorder plays a crucial role and makes electron localization sufficient to cause spin relaxation on the time scale of the order of 10 ns. (copyright 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

Hyperfine structure of S-states of muonic deuterium

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexey P. Martynenko

2015-09-01

Full Text Available On the basis of quasipotential method in quantum electrodynamics we calculate corrections of order $\\alpha^5$ and $\\alpha^6$ to hyperfine structure of $S$-wave energy levels of muonic deuterium. Relativistic corrections, effects of vacuum polarization in first, second and third orders of perturbation theory, nuclear structure and recoil corrections are taken into account. The obtained numerical values of hyperfine splitting $\\Delta E^{hfs}(1S=50.2814$ meV ($1S$ state and $\\Delta E^{hfs}(2S=6.2804$ meV ($2S$ state represent reliable estimate for a comparison with forthcoming experimental data of CREMA collaboration. The hyperfine structure interval $\\Delta_{12}=8\\Delta E^{hfs}(2S- \\Delta E^{hfs}(1S=-0.0379$ meV can be used for precision check of quantum electrodynamics prediction for muonic deuterium.

Hyperfine structure analysis in magnetic resonance spectroscopy: from astrophysical measurements towards endogenous biosensors in human tissue; Hyperfeinstruktur-Analyse in der Magnetresonanzspektroskopie: von astrophysikalischen Messungen zu endogenen Biosensoren in menschlichem Gewebe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schroeder, L. [Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg (Germany). Medizinische Physik in der Radiologie; California Univ., Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry

2007-07-01

The hyperfine interaction of two spins is a well studied effect in atomic systems. Magnetic resonance experiments demonstrate that the detectable dipole transitions are determined by the magnetic moments of the constituents and the external magnetic field. Transferring the corresponding quantum mechanics to molecular bound nuclear spins allows for precise prediction of NMR spectra obtained from metabolites in human tissue. This molecular hyperfine structure has been neglected so far in in vivo NMR spectroscopy but contains useful information, especially when studying molecular dynamics. This contribution represents a review of the concept of applying the Breit-Rabi formalism to coupled nuclear spins and discusses the immobilization of different metabolites in anisotropic tissue revealed by 1H NMR spectra of carnosine, phosphocreatine and taurine. Comparison of atomic and molecular spin systems allows for statements on the biological constraints for direct spin-spin interactions. Moreover, the relevance of hyperfine effects on the line shapes of multiplets of indirectly-coupled spin systems with more than two constituents can be predicted by analyzing quantum mechanical parameters. As an example, the superposition of eigenstates of the AMX system of adenosine 5'-triphosphate and its application for better quantification of 31P-NMR spectra will be discussed. (orig.)

Study of hyperfine parameters in Co-doped tin dioxide using PAC spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramos, Juliana M.; Carbonari, Artur W.; Martucci, Thiago; Costa, Messias S.; Saxena, Rajendra N.; Vianden, R.; Kessler, P.; Geruschke, T.; Steffens, M.

2011-01-01

PAC technique has been used to measure the hyperfine interactions in nano-structured powder samples of semiconducting SnO 2 doped with Co. The aim of this work is to compare the results of PAC measurements using two different techniques of introducing the radioactive 111 In probe nuclei in the sample of SnO 2 doped with Co. The perturbed gamma-gamma angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy is used for the measurements of the magnetic hyperfine field (MHF) and the electric field gradient (EFG) at 111 Cd sites in SnO 2 doped with 1% and 2% Co. The measurement of EFG is used to study the defects introduced in the semiconductor material and also for the identification of different phases formed within the compound. The techniques utilized for introducing the radioactive 111 In in the sample are the ion-implantation using radioactive ion beam of 111 In and the chemical process in which 111 InCl 3 solution is added during the preparation of SnO 2 doped with Co using sol gel method. The ion-implantation of 111 In in SnO 2 doped with Co was carried out using the University of Bonn ion-implanter with beam energy of 160 keV. The PAC measurements were carried out with four BaF 2 detector gamma spectrometer in the temperature range of 10-295 K. The results show no significant difference in the values of hyperfine parameters. Both techniques show practically the same electric quadrupole interaction for the substitutional site. The results were compared with previous PAC and Moessbauer measurements of SnO 2 powder samples using 111 In- 111 Cd probe. (author)

Muonium hyperfine parameters in Si1-x Ge x alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

King, Philip; Lichti, Roger; Cottrell, Stephen; Yonenaga, Ichiro

2006-01-01

We present studies of muonium behaviour in bulk, Czochralski-grown Si 1- x Ge x alloy material, focusing in particular on the hyperfine parameter of the tetrahedral muonium species. In contrast to the bond-centred species, the hyperfine parameter of the tetrahedral-site muonium centre (Mu T ) appears to vary non-linearly with alloy composition. The temperature dependence of the Mu T hyperfine parameter observed in low-Ge alloy material is compared with that seen in pure Si, and previous models of the Mu T behaviour in Si are discussed in the light of results from Si 1- x Ge x alloys

Comparing Zeeman qubits to hyperfine qubits in the context of the surface code: +174Yb and +171Yb

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, Natalie C.; Brown, Kenneth R.

2018-05-01

Many systems used for quantum computing possess additional states beyond those defining the qubit. Leakage out of the qubit subspace must be considered when designing quantum error correction codes. Here we consider trapped ion qubits manipulated by Raman transitions. Zeeman qubits do not suffer from leakage errors but are sensitive to magnetic fields to first order. Hyperfine qubits can be encoded in clock states that are insensitive to magnetic fields to first order, but spontaneous scattering during the Raman transition can lead to leakage. Here we compare a Zeeman qubit (+174Yb) to a hyperfine qubit (+171Yb) in the context of the surface code. We find that the number of physical qubits required to reach a specific logical qubit error can be reduced by using +174Yb if the magnetic field can be stabilized with fluctuations smaller than 10 μ G .

Hyperfine interaction in the Autler-Townes effect: The formation of bright, dark, and chameleon states

Science.gov (United States)

Kirova, T.; Cinins, A.; Efimov, D. K.; Bruvelis, M.; Miculis, K.; Bezuglov, N. N.; Auzinsh, M.; Ryabtsev, I. I.; Ekers, A.

2017-10-01

This paper is devoted to clarifying the implications of hyperfine (HF) interaction in the formation of adiabatic (i.e., "laser-dressed") states and their expression in the Autler-Townes (AT) spectra. We first use the Morris-Shore model [J. R. Morris and B. W. Shore, Phys. Rev. A 27, 906 (1983), 10.1103/PhysRevA.27.906] to illustrate how bright and dark states are formed in a simple reference system where closely spaced energy levels are coupled to a single state with a strong laser field with the respective Rabi frequency ΩS. We then expand the simulations to realistic hyperfine level systems in Na atoms for a more general case when non-negligible HF interaction can be treated as a perturbation in the total system Hamiltonian. A numerical analysis of the adiabatic states that are formed by coupling of the 3 p3 /2 and 4 d5 /2 states by the strong laser field and probed by a weak laser field on the 3 s1 /2-3 p3 /2 transition yielded two important conclusions. Firstly, the perturbation introduced by the HF interaction leads to the observation of what we term "chameleon" states—states that change their appearance in the AT spectrum, behaving as bright states at small to moderate ΩS, and fading from the spectrum similarly to dark states when ΩS is much larger than the HF splitting of the 3 p3 /2 state. Secondly, excitation by the probe field from two different HF levels of the ground state allows one to address orthogonal sets of adiabatic states; this enables, with appropriate choice of ΩS and the involved quantum states, a selective excitation of otherwise unresolved hyperfine levels in excited electronic states.

Study of hyperfine parameters in Co-doped tin dioxide using PAC spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ramos, Juliana M.; Carbonari, Artur W.; Martucci, Thiago; Costa, Messias S.; Saxena, Rajendra N. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Vianden, R.; Kessler, P.; Geruschke, T.; Steffens, M., E-mail: vianden@hiskp.uni-bonn.d [Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn (HISKP- Bonn) (Germany). Helmholtz - Institut fuer Strahlen- und Kernphysik

2011-07-01

PAC technique has been used to measure the hyperfine interactions in nano-structured powder samples of semiconducting SnO{sub 2} doped with Co. The aim of this work is to compare the results of PAC measurements using two different techniques of introducing the radioactive {sup 111}In probe nuclei in the sample of SnO{sub 2} doped with Co. The perturbed gamma-gamma angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy is used for the measurements of the magnetic hyperfine field (MHF) and the electric field gradient (EFG) at {sup 111}Cd sites in SnO{sub 2} doped with 1% and 2% Co. The measurement of EFG is used to study the defects introduced in the semiconductor material and also for the identification of different phases formed within the compound. The techniques utilized for introducing the radioactive {sup 111}In in the sample are the ion-implantation using radioactive ion beam of {sup 111}In and the chemical process in which {sup 111}InCl{sub 3} solution is added during the preparation of SnO{sub 2} doped with Co using sol gel method. The ion-implantation of {sup 111}In in SnO{sub 2} doped with Co was carried out using the University of Bonn ion-implanter with beam energy of 160 keV. The PAC measurements were carried out with four BaF{sub 2} detector gamma spectrometer in the temperature range of 10-295 K. The results show no significant difference in the values of hyperfine parameters. Both techniques show practically the same electric quadrupole interaction for the substitutional site. The results were compared with previous PAC and Moessbauer measurements of SnO{sub 2} powder samples using {sup 111}In-{sup 111}Cd probe. (author)

Experimental Constraints on Polarizability Corrections to Hydrogen Hyperfine Structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nazaryan, Vahagn; Carlson, Carl E.; Griffioen, Keith A.

2006-01-01

We present a state-of-the-art evaluation of the polarizability corrections--the inelastic nucleon corrections--to the hydrogen ground-state hyperfine splitting using analytic fits to the most recent data. We find a value Δ pol =1.3±0.3 ppm. This is 1-2 ppm smaller than the value of Δ pol deduced using hyperfine splitting data and elastic nucleon corrections obtained from modern form factor fits

Determining hyperfine transitions with electromagnetically induced transparency and optical pumping

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee Yi-Chi; Tsai Chin-Chun; Huang Chen-Han; Chui Hsiang-Chen; Chang Yung-Yung

2011-01-01

A system is designed to observe the phenomena of electromagnetically induced transparency and optical pumping in cesium D 1 and D 2 lines at room temperature. When a pump laser is frequency-locked on the top of a hyperfine transition and the frequency of the probe laser scans over another hyperfine transition, a spectrum of V-type electromagnetically induced transparency or an optical pumping can be observed depending on whether the two lasers share a common ground state. Therefore, these results can be used to identify the unknown hyperfine transitions of the D 1 line transitions. For educational purposes, this system is helpful for understanding the electromagnetically induced transparency and the optical pumping

Stark effect of the hyperfine structure of ICl in its rovibronic ground state: Towards further molecular cooling

Science.gov (United States)

Qing-Hui, Wang; Xu-Ping, Shao; Xiao-Hua, Yang

2016-01-01

Hyperfine structures of ICl in its vibronic ground state due to the nuclear spin and electric quadruple interactions are determined by diagonalizing the effective Hamiltonian matrix. Furthermore, the Stark sub-levels are precisely determined as well. The results are helpful for electro-static manipulation (trapping or further cooling) of cold ICl molecules. For example, an electric field of 1000 V/cm can trap ICl molecules less than 637 μK in the lowest hyperfine level. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11034002), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB921602), and Qing Lan Project, China.

Hyperfine structure of 2Σ molecules containing alkaline-earth-metal atoms

Science.gov (United States)

Aldegunde, Jesus; Hutson, Jeremy M.

2018-04-01

Ultracold molecules with both electron spin and an electric dipole moment offer new possibilities in quantum science. We use density-functional theory to calculate hyperfine coupling constants for a selection of molecules important in this area, including RbSr, LiYb, RbYb, CaF, and SrF. We find substantial hyperfine coupling constants for the fermionic isotopes of the alkaline-earth-metal and Yb atoms. We discuss the hyperfine level patterns and Zeeman splittings expected for these molecules. The results will be important both to experiments aimed at forming ultracold open-shell molecules and to their applications.

Electromagnetically induced absorption due to transfer of coherence and to transfer of population

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goren, C.; Rosenbluh, M.; Wilson-Gordon, A.D.; Friedmann, H.

2003-01-01

The absorption spectrum of a weak probe, interacting with a driven degenerate two-level atomic system, whose ground and excited hyperfine states are F g,e , can exhibit narrow peaks at line center. When the pump and probe polarizations are different, F e =F g +1 and F g >0, the electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) peak has been shown to be due to the transfer of coherence (TOC) between the excited and ground states via spontaneous decay. We give a detailed explanation of why the TOC that leads to EIA (EIA-TOC) can only take place when ground-state population trapping does not occur, that is, when F e =F g +1. We also explain why EIA-TOC is observed in open systems. We show that EIA can also occur when the pump and probe polarizations are identical and F e =F g +1. This EIA is analogous to an effect that occurs in simple two-level systems when the collisional transfer of population (TOP) from the ground state to a reservoir is greater than that from the excited state. For a degenerate two-level system, the reservoir consists of the Zeeman sublevels of the ground hyperfine state, and of other nearby hyperfine states that do not interact with the pump. We will also discuss the four-wave mixing spectrum under the conditions where EIA-TOC and EIA-TOP occur

Magnetism, chemical bonding and hyperfine properties in the nanoscale antiferromagnet [Fe(O Me)2(O2 C C H2 Cl)]10

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeng, Z.; Duan, Y.; Guenzburger, Diana

1996-09-01

The electronic and magnetic properties of the nanometer-size antiferromagnet (the ferric wheel molecule) are investigated with the first-principles spin-polarized Discrete Variational Method, in the framework of Density Functional theory. Magnetic moments, densities of the states and charge and spin-density maps are obtained. The Moessbauer hyperfine parameters Isomer shift, Quadrupole Splitting and Hyperfine Field are obtained from the calculations and compared to reported experimental values when available. (author). 33 refs., 8 figs., 4 tabs

Hyperfine interactions in ferromagnetic materials and magnetic properties of 1fsub(7/2) nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bozek, E.

1976-01-01

Hyperfine interactions of light nuclei recoil-implanted into iron, nickel and cobalt were studied using the perturbed integral angular distribution IMPAD. Isomeric states of lifetimes within the nanosecond range were excited in the following reactions: 28 Si 14 N, xn, yp 37 Ar, 39 K, 40 K; 27 Al 16 O, xn, yp 41 K, 41 Ca. In all cases except implantation of potassium isotopes into nickel observed shifts of angular distribution were found much smaller than the ones calculated using the known values of g factors, livetimes and strengths of the hyperfine fields. This effect can be explained under the assumption that only a fraction of nuclei feel the full magnetic field. Different fractions obtained for 40 K and 41 K suggest a migration process on a ns time scale. The magnetic moments of isomeric nuclear states excited in reaction 27 Al 14 N, p 36 Cl, 24 Mg 19 F, 2pn 40 K and 48 Ca, 2n 50 Ti were measured using the perturbed integral angular distribution technique - IPAD in an external magnetic field. The g factors for the investigated states were interpreted on the base of the shell model, assuming the effective magnetic moments associated with shell model orbitals dsub(3/2) and fsub(7/2). (author)

Hyperfine interactions of a muoniated ethyl radical in supercritical CO2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cormier, Philip; Taylor, Becky; Ghandi, Khashayar

2009-01-01

A muoniated ethyl radical was studied in supercritical carbon dioxide. The muon and the proton hyperfine coupling constants were measured over temperatures ranging from 305 to 475 K, and a density range from 0.2 to 0.7 (g cm -3 ). A decrease was found in the muon hyperfine coupling constants as a function of the density, which can be attributed to the interaction between the CO 2 molecule and the p-orbital of the ethyl radical. The changes to the α-proton and β-proton hyperfine coupling constants with density are attributed to changes in the overall geometry in the formed radical. This system was modeled using quantum calculations.

Ground-state hyperfine splitting for Rb, Cs, Fr, Ba+, and Ra+

Science.gov (United States)

Ginges, J. S. M.; Volotka, A. V.; Fritzsche, S.

2017-12-01

We have systematically investigated the ground-state hyperfine structure for alkali-metal atoms 87Rb,133Cs, and 211Fr and alkali-metal-like ions +135Ba and +225Ra, which are of particular interest for parity violation studies. The quantum electrodynamic one-loop radiative corrections have been rigorously evaluated within an extended Furry picture employing core-Hartree and Kohn-Sham atomic potentials. Moreover, the effect of the nuclear magnetization distribution on the hyperfine structure intervals has been studied in detail and its uncertainty has been estimated. Finally, the theoretical description of the hyperfine structure has been completed with full many-body calculations performed in the all-orders correlation potential method.

Ab Initio Calculation of Hyperfine Interaction Parameters: Recent Evolutions, Recent Examples

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cottenier, Stefaan; Vanhoof, Veerle; Torumba, Doru; Bellini, Valerio; Cakmak, Mehmet; Rots, Michel

2004-01-01

For some years already, ab initio calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) belong to the toolbox of the field of hyperfine interaction studies. In this paper, the standard ab initio approach is schematically sketched. New features, methods and possibilities that broke through during the past few years are listed, and their relation to the standard approach is explained. All this is illustrated by some highlights of recent ab initio work done by the Nuclear Condensed Matter Group at the K.U.Leuven.

Anomalies in resonant absorption line profiles of atoms with large hyperfine splitting

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parkhomenko, A.I.; Pod'yachev, S.P.; Privalov, T.I.; Shalagin, A.M.

1997-01-01

We examine a monochromatic absorption line in the velocity-nonselective excitation of atoms when the components of the hyperfine stricture of the electronic ground states are optically pumped. We show that the absorption lines possess unusual substructures for some values of the hyperfine splitting of the ground state (which exceed the Doppler absorption linewidth severalfold). These substructures in the absorption spectrum are most apparent if the hyperfine structure of the excited electronic state is taken into account. We calculate the absorption spectra of monochromatic light near the D 1 and D 2 lines of atomic rubidium 85,87 Rb. With real hyperfine splitting taken into account, the D 1 and D 2 lines are modeled by 4- and 6-level diagrams, respectively. Finally, we show that atomic rubidium vapor can be successfully used to observe the spectral features experimentally

Hyperfine structure of nine levels in two configurations of 93Nb. Pt. 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buettgenbach, S.; Dicke, R.; Gebauer, H.; Herschel, M.; Meisel, G.

1975-01-01

The hyperfine structure of the multiplets 4d 4 5s 6 D and 4d 3 5s 24 F of 93 Nb has been studied by the atomic-beam magnetic-resonance method. After applying corrections due to effects of off-diagonal hyperfine and Zeeman interactions the hyperfine interaction constants A and B and the electron g factors gsub(J) are determined for all nine levels of the two multiplets. (orig.) [de

Hyperfine interactions associated with iron substitute superconducting oxides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ellis, D.E.; Dunlap, B.D.; Saitovitch, E.B.; Azevedo, I.S.; Scorzelli, R.B.; Kimball, C.W.

1988-01-01

Theoretical and experimental Moessbauer spectroscopy studies have been made concerning charge and spin densities and magnetic hyperfine fields (H hf in iron-substituted superconducting oxides. Calculations were carried out in the self-consistent-field embedded cluster model using local density theory (SCF-Xα) with a variational atomic orbital basis. Spectral densities and changes in charge and spin density were monitored around neighboring Cu sites, as well as Fe impurity site, in La 2 Cu 1-x Fe x O 4 and YBa 2 Cu 3-x Fe x O 7-y compounds. Moessbauer isomer shifts (IS), quadrupole splittings (QS) and H hf are obtained by fitting multiline models to the observed spectra and are compared with SCF-Xα results for specific lattice sites. The influence of oxygen vacancies and partial oxygen disorder is modelled and compared with the experimental data on variable oxygen content and disorder. (author)

Hyperfine structure of the S levels of the muonic helium ion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martynenko, A. P.

2008-01-01

Corrections of the α 5 and α 6 orders to the energy spectrum of the hyperfine splitting of the 1S and 2S levels of the muonic helium ion are calculated with the inclusion of the electron vacuum polarization effects, nuclear-structure corrections, and recoil effects. The values ΔE hfs (1S) = -1334.56 meV and ΔE hfs (2S) = -166.62 meV obtained for hyperfine splitting values can be considered as reliable estimates for comparison with experimental data. The hyperfine structure interval Δ 12 = 8ΔE hfs (2S) - ΔE hfs (1S) = 1.64 meV can be used to verify QED predictions

Towards the measurement of the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Juhasz, Bertalan, E-mail: bertalan.juhasz@oeaw.ac.at [Austrian Academy of Sciences, Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics (Austria)

2012-12-15

The ASACUSA collaboration at the Antiproton Decelerator of CERN is planning to measure the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen using an atomic beam line, which will consist of a superconducting cusp trap as a source of partially polarized antihydrogen atoms, a radiofrequency spin-flip cavity, a superconducting sextupole magnet as spin analyser, and an antihydrogen detector. This will be a measurement of the antiproton magnetic moment, and also a test of the CPT invariance. Monte Carlo simulations predict that the antihydrogen ground-state hyperfine splitting can be determined with a relative precision of better than {approx} 10{sup - 6}. The first preliminary measurements of the hyperfine transitions will start in 2011.

Hyperfine structure of ScI by infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aboussaid, A.; Carleer, M.; Hurtmans, D.; Biemont, E.; Godefroid, M.R.

1996-01-01

The spectrum of scandium was recorded in the infrared region using a high resolution Fourier transform spectrometer and a hollow-cathode discharge. Hyperfine structures of the lines connecting the 3d 2 4s and 3d4s4p level systems of Sc 45 I were observed between 4000 and 5000 cm -1 . The structures were not completely resolved but the individual line contributions to the complex profiles were simulated using the 3d 2 4s 4 F J hyperfine structure constants previously measured with a high precision by laser techniques. We investigate the possibility of extracting the hyperfine constants of the 3d4s4p levels from a least-squares fit of the line profiles, assuming a Doppler lineshape and theoretical relative intensities. New results are presented for 12 levels. (orig.)

Near field wireless power transfer using curved relay resonators for extended transfer distance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhu, D; Beeby, S P; Clare, L; Stark, B H

2015-01-01

This paper investigates the performance of a near field wireless power transfer system that uses curved relay resonator to extend transfer distance. Near field wireless power transfer operates based on the near-field electromagnetic coupling of coils. Such a system can transfer energy over a relatively short distance which is of the same order of dimensions of the coupled coils. The energy transfer distance can be increased using flat relay resonators. Recent developments in printing electronics and e-textiles have seen increasing demand of embedding electronics into fabrics. Near field wireless power transfer is one of the most promising methods to power electronics on fabrics. The concept can be applied to body-worn textiles by, for example, integrating a transmitter coil into upholstery, and a flexible receiver coil into garments. Flexible textile coils take on the shape of the supporting materials such as garments, and therefore curved resonator and receiver coils are investigated in this work. Experimental results showed that using curved relay resonator can effectively extend the wireless power transfer distance. However, as the curvature of the coil increases, the performance of the wireless power transfer, especially the maximum received power, deteriorates. (paper)

Magnetic field transfer device and method

Science.gov (United States)

Wipf, S.L.

1990-02-13

A magnetic field transfer device includes a pair of oppositely wound inner coils which each include at least one winding around an inner coil axis, and an outer coil which includes at least one winding around an outer coil axis. The windings may be formed of superconductors. The axes of the two inner coils are parallel and laterally spaced from each other so that the inner coils are positioned in side-by-side relation. The outer coil is outwardly positioned from the inner coils and rotatable relative to the inner coils about a rotational axis substantially perpendicular to the inner coil axes to generate a hypothetical surface which substantially encloses the inner coils. The outer coil rotates relative to the inner coils between a first position in which the outer coil axis is substantially parallel to the inner coil axes and the outer coil augments the magnetic field formed in one of the inner coils, and a second position 180[degree] from the first position, in which the augmented magnetic field is transferred into the other inner coil and reoriented 180[degree] from the original magnetic field. The magnetic field transfer device allows a magnetic field to be transferred between volumes with negligible work being required to rotate the outer coil with respect to the inner coils. 16 figs.

Hyperfine characterization of the Ba Ti1-x Hfx O3 for x = 0.20

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ayala, Alexandro; Lopez-Garcia, Alberto

1996-01-01

It is known that the cation substitution in perovskites produce changes in the macroscopic properties of these materials. A case to study is for example the influence of cation B partially substituted by cation B ' when ABO 3 is ferroelectric, and A B ' O 3 is paraelectric. In this work the system Ba Ti 1-x Hf x O 3 with x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 is studied by Perturbed Angular Correlations (Pac) in order to obtain microscopic information through the electric field gradient tensor (EFG) produced by electrons close to probes. Two hyperfine quadrupole interactions were detected. One interaction associated to probes with defects originated during the nuclear processes after neutron irradiation, and the other are located in B sites. At R T, the hyperfine parameters are analyzed in terms of Hf concentration. (author)

Electron plasmas as a diagnostic tool for hyperfine spectroscopy of antihydrogen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Friesen, T.; Thompson, R. I. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, T2N 1N4 (Canada); Amole, C.; Capra, A.; Menary, S. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto ON, M3J 1P3 (Canada); Ashkezari, M. D.; Hayden, M. E. [Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby BC, V5A 1S6 (Canada); Baquero-Ruiz, M.; Fajans, J.; Little, A.; So, C.; Wurtele, J. S. [Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300 (United States); Bertsche, W. [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK and The Cockcroft Institute, WA4 4AD Warrington (United Kingdom); Bowe, P. D.; Hangst, J. S.; Rasmussen, C. O. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C (Denmark); Butler, E. [Physics Department, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Cesar, C. L.; Silveira, D. M. [Instituto de Fisica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972 (Brazil); Charlton, M. [Department of Physics, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP (United Kingdom); and others

2013-03-19

Long term magnetic confinement of antihydrogen atoms has recently been demonstrated by the ALPHA collaboration at CERN, opening the door to a range of experimental possibilities. Of particular interest is a measurement of the antihydrogen spectrum. A precise comparison of the spectrum of antihydrogen with that of hydrogen would be an excellent test of CPT symmetry. One prime candidate for precision CPT tests is the ground-state hyperfine transition; measured in hydrogen to a precision of nearly one part in 10{sup 12}. Effective execution of such an experiment with trapped antihydrogen requires precise knowledge of the magnetic environment. Here we present a solution that uses an electron plasma confined in the antihydrogen trapping region. The cyclotron resonance of the electron plasma is probed with microwaves at the cyclotron frequency and the subsequent heating of the electron plasma is measured through the plasma quadrupole mode frequency. Using this method, the minimum magnetic field of the neutral trap can be determined to within 4 parts in 10{sup 4}. This technique was used extensively in the recent demonstration of resonant interaction with the hyperfine levels of trapped antihydrogen atoms.

Hyperfine interactions and structural features of Fe–44Co–6Mo (wt.%) nanostructured powders

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moumeni, Hayet; Nemamcha, Abderrafik; Alleg, Safia; Grenèche, Jean Marc

2013-01-01

Nanocrystalline Fe–44Co–6Mo (wt.%) powders have been prepared by high-energy ball milling from elemental Fe, Co and Mo pure powders in a P7 planetary ball mill. The obtained powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Mössbauer spectrometry techniques. The influence of milling process and Mo substitution for Co in equiatomic FeCo have been examined in order to study structural evolution and formation mechanism of nanostructured Fe(CoMo) solid solution. XRD results show the formation of a BCC Fe(CoMo) solid solution (a = 0.2874 nm) where unmixed nanocrystalline Mo with a BCC structure is embedded. Disordered Fe(CoMo) solid solution is characterized by a broad hyperfine magnetic field distribution with two regions centered at B 1 = 35.0 T and B 2 = 30.7 T, respectively, attributed to disordered Fe(Co) solid solution and CoMo enriched environments. Prolonged milling and Mo addition cause the decrease of average hyperfine magnetic field while the average isomer shift remains nearly constant. - Highlights: ► BCC nanostructured Fe(CoMo) solid solution is prepared by milling of Fe, Co and Mo. ► Formation mechanism: Co diffusion into Fe lattice and Mo dissolution in Fe(Co). ► Crystallite size of Fe(CoMo) solid solution reaches 11 nm after 24 h of milling. ► Mössbauer analysis reveals 3 components: high field, enriched Co and low field

Hyperfine interactions and structural features of Fe–44Co–6Mo (wt.%) nanostructured powders

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moumeni, Hayet, E-mail: hmoumeni@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire de Chimie Computationnelle et Nanostructures, Département des Sciences de la Matière, Faculté des Mathématiques et de l' Informatique et des Sciences de la Matière, Université 08 Mai 1945 - Guelma, B.P. 401, Guelma 24000 (Algeria); Nemamcha, Abderrafik [Laboratoire d' Analyses Industrielles et Génie des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences et de la Technologie, Université 08 Mai 1945 - Guelma, B.P. 401, Guelma 24000 (Algeria); Alleg, Safia [Laboratoire de Magnétisme et de Spectroscopie des Solides, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Annaba, B.P. 12, Annaba 23000 (Algeria); Grenèche, Jean Marc [Laboratoire de Physique de l' Etat Condensé, UMR CNRS 6087, Institut de Recherche en Ingénierie Moléculaire et Matériaux Fonctionnels IRIM2F, FR CNRS 2575, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9 (France)

2013-02-15

Nanocrystalline Fe–44Co–6Mo (wt.%) powders have been prepared by high-energy ball milling from elemental Fe, Co and Mo pure powders in a P7 planetary ball mill. The obtained powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Mössbauer spectrometry techniques. The influence of milling process and Mo substitution for Co in equiatomic FeCo have been examined in order to study structural evolution and formation mechanism of nanostructured Fe(CoMo) solid solution. XRD results show the formation of a BCC Fe(CoMo) solid solution (a = 0.2874 nm) where unmixed nanocrystalline Mo with a BCC structure is embedded. Disordered Fe(CoMo) solid solution is characterized by a broad hyperfine magnetic field distribution with two regions centered at B{sub 1} = 35.0 T and B{sub 2} = 30.7 T, respectively, attributed to disordered Fe(Co) solid solution and CoMo enriched environments. Prolonged milling and Mo addition cause the decrease of average hyperfine magnetic field while the average isomer shift remains nearly constant. - Highlights: ► BCC nanostructured Fe(CoMo) solid solution is prepared by milling of Fe, Co and Mo. ► Formation mechanism: Co diffusion into Fe lattice and Mo dissolution in Fe(Co). ► Crystallite size of Fe(CoMo) solid solution reaches 11 nm after 24 h of milling. ► Mössbauer analysis reveals 3 components: high field, enriched Co and low field.

Super-Planckian far-field radiative heat transfer

Science.gov (United States)

Fernández-Hurtado, V.; Fernández-Domínguez, A. I.; Feist, J.; García-Vidal, F. J.; Cuevas, J. C.

2018-01-01

We present here a theoretical analysis that demonstrates that the far-field radiative heat transfer between objects with dimensions smaller than the thermal wavelength can overcome the Planckian limit by orders of magnitude. To guide the search for super-Planckian far-field radiative heat transfer, we make use of the theory of fluctuational electrodynamics and derive a relation between the far-field radiative heat transfer and the directional absorption efficiency of the objects involved. Guided by this relation, and making use of state-of-the-art numerical simulations, we show that the far-field radiative heat transfer between highly anisotropic objects can largely overcome the black-body limit when some of their dimensions are smaller than the thermal wavelength. In particular, we illustrate this phenomenon in the case of suspended pads made of polar dielectrics like SiN or SiO2. These structures are widely used to measure the thermal transport through nanowires and low-dimensional systems and can be employed to test our predictions. Our work illustrates the dramatic failure of the classical theory to predict the far-field radiative heat transfer between micro- and nanodevices.

Spectrally resolved hyperfine interactions between polaron and nuclear spins in organic light emitting diodes: Magneto-electroluminescence studies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Crooker, S. A.; Kelley, M. R.; Martinez, N. J. D.; Nie, W.; Mohite, A.; Nayyar, I. H.; Tretiak, S.; Smith, D. L. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States); Liu, F.; Ruden, P. P. [University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 (United States)

2014-10-13

We use spectrally resolved magneto-electroluminescence (EL) measurements to study the energy dependence of hyperfine interactions between polaron and nuclear spins in organic light-emitting diodes. Using layered devices that generate bright exciplex emission, we show that the increase in EL emission intensity I due to small applied magnetic fields of order 100 mT is markedly larger at the high-energy blue end of the EL spectrum (ΔI/I ∼ 11%) than at the low-energy red end (∼4%). Concurrently, the widths of the magneto-EL curves increase monotonically from blue to red, revealing an increasing hyperfine coupling between polarons and nuclei and directly providing insight into the energy-dependent spatial extent and localization of polarons.

Chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization in systems containing large hyperfine coupling constants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roth, H.D.; Hutton, R.S.; Hwang, Kuochu; Turro, N.J.; Welsh, K.M.

1989-01-01

Nuclear spin polarization effects induced in radical pairs with one or more strong ( 13 C) hyperfine coupling constants have been evaluated. The pairs were generated by photoinduced α-cleavage or hydrogen abstraction reactions of carbonyl compounds. Several examples illustrate how changes in the magnetic field strength (H 0 ) and the g-factor difference (Δg) affect the general appearance of the resulting CIDNP multiplets. The results bear out an earlier caveat concerning the qualitative interpretation of CIDNP effects observed for multiplets

Hyperfine splitting in positronium measured through quantum beats in the 3γ decay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fan, S.; Beling, C.D.; Fung, S.

1996-01-01

Quantum beat oscillations in the 3γ decay of the positronium atom arising from interference between the different spin states have been observed using a simple β-start and γ-stop detection system. Measurements of the beat frequency at different magnetic fields have yielded a value of the 1 1 S 0 -1 3 S 1 hyperfine interaction of 202.5±3.5 GHz, in good agreement with previous measurements. This novel approach does not require high magnetic fields and the use of microwave radiation to quench the triplet substate of the positronium atom. (orig.)

Design of a spin-flip cavity for the measurement of the antihydrogen hyperfine structure

CERN Document Server

Kroyer, T

2008-01-01

In the framework of the ASACUSA collaboration at the CERN Antiproton Decelerator an experiment for precisely testing the CPT invariance of the hydrogen hyperfine structure is currently being designed. An integral part of the set-up is the 1.42 GHz spin-flipping cavity, which should have a good field homogeneity over the large aperture of the antihydrogen beam. After the evaluation of various approaches a structure based on a resonant stripline is proposed as a concrete cavity design. For this structure the field homogeneity, undesired modes, coupling and power issues are discussed in detail.

Theoretical hyperfine structures of 19F i and 17O i

Science.gov (United States)

Aourir, Nouria; Nemouchi, Messaoud; Godefroid, Michel; Jönsson, Per

2018-03-01

Multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock (MCHF) and multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) calculations are performed for the 2 p5P2o , 2 p4(3P ) 3 s 4P , 2 p4(3P ) 3 s 2P , and 2 p4(3P ) 3 p 4So states of 19F i to determine their hyperfine constants. Several computing strategies are considered to investigate electron correlation and relativistic effects. High-order correlation contributions are included in MCHF calculations based on single and double multireference expansions. The largest components of the single reference MCHF wave functions are selected to define the multireference (MR) sets. In this scheme, relativistic corrections are evaluated in the Breit-Pauli approximation. A similar strategy is used for the calculation of MCDHF relativistic wave functions and hyperfine parameters. While correlation and relativistic corrections are found to be rather small for the ground state, we highlight large relativistic effects on the hyperfine constant A3 /2 of 2 p4(3P ) 3 p 4So and, to a lesser extent, on A1 /2 of 2 p4(3P ) 3 s 4P . As expected for such a light system, electron correlation effects dominate over relativity in the calculation of the hyperfine interaction of all other levels considered. We also revisit the hyperfine constants of 2 p3(4S ) 3 s S5o and 2 p3(4S ) 3 p 5P in 17O using similar strategies. The results are found to be in excellent agreement with experiment.

Theoretical study of Moessbauer hyperfine parameters of Fe bound to ammonia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Terra, J.; Guenzburger, D.

1995-01-01

The first-principles Discrete Variational method was employed to study the species formed by the interaction of an Fe atom and ammonia. Total energy calculations were performed for several configurations. The hyperfine parameters isomer shift, quadrupole splitting and magnetic hyperfine were calculated for the ground state found, and compared to reported experimental values obtained by Moessbauer spectroscopy in frozen ammonia. (author). 14 refs, 1 tab

Investigation of the hyperfine structure of Praseodymium-transitions using laser spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shamim Khan

2011-01-01

A comprehensive knowledge of the electron levels in an atom is one of the prerequisite for understanding the electron-electron and electron-nucleus interactions inside an atom and for the classification of the atomic spectrum of an element. The spin-orbit interaction is the largest relativistic effect and is responsible for the fine structure splitting in an atom. The hyperfine structure splitting of the fine structure atomic energy levels arise as a result of the interaction between spinning and orbiting electrons and electromagnetic multipole nuclear moments. The electronic ground state configuration of praseodymium 59 Pr 141 is [Xe] 4f 3 6s 2 , with ground state level 4 I 9/2 . Because of its 5 outer electrons Praseodymium has a high density of energy levels which give rise to an extremely line rich emission spectrum. Due to this fact praseodymium serves as an efficient testing ground for hyperfine structure studies. The thesis is mainly devoted to the finding of previously unknown energy levels by the investigation of spectral lines and their hyperfine structures. In a hollow cathode discharge lamp praseodymium atoms and ions in ground and excited states are excited to high lying states by laser light. The excitation source is a tunable ring-dye laser system, operated with Stilbene 3, Rhodamine 6G, Kiton Red, DCM and LD 700. A high resolution Fourier Transform spectrum is used for extracting excitation wavelengths. Then the laser wavelength is tuned to a strong hyperfine component of the spectral line to be investigated, and a search for fluorescence from excited levels is performed. From the observed hyperfine structure pattern, J-values and hyperfine interaction constants A of the combining levels are determined. This information, together with excitation and fluorescence wavelengths, allows us to find the energies of the involved levels. During the course of this dissertation 313 new energy levels of Pr I and 4 new energy levels of Pr II were discovered

Hyperfine Structure Measurements of Antiprotonic $^3$He using Microwave Spectroscopy

CERN Document Server

Friedreich, Susanne

The goal of this project was to measure the hyperfine structure of $\\overline{\\text{p}}^3$He$^+$ using the technique of laser-microwave-laser spectroscopy. Antiprotonic helium ($\\overline{\\text{p}}$He$^+$) is a neutral exotic atom, consisting of a helium nucleus, an electron and an antiproton. The interactions of the angular momenta of its constituents cause a hyperfine splitting ({HFS}) within the energy states of this new atom. The 3\\% of formed antiprotonic helium atoms which remain in a metastable, radiative decay-dominated state have a lifetime of about 1-3~$\\mu$s. This time window is used to do spectroscopic studies. The hyperfine structure of $\\overline{\\text{p}}^4$He$^+$ was already extensively investigated before. From these measurements the spin magnetic moment of the antiproton can be determined. A comparison of the result to the proton magnetic moment provides a test of {CPT} invariance. Due to its higher complexity the new exotic three-body system of $\\overline{\\text{p}}^3$He$^+$ is a cross-check...

Hyperfine interactions of a muoniated ethyl radical in supercritical CO{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cormier, Philip; Taylor, Becky [Department of Chemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, E4L 1G8 (Canada); Ghandi, Khashayar, E-mail: kghandi@mta.c [Department of Chemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, E4L 1G8 (Canada)

2009-04-15

A muoniated ethyl radical was studied in supercritical carbon dioxide. The muon and the proton hyperfine coupling constants were measured over temperatures ranging from 305 to 475 K, and a density range from 0.2 to 0.7 (g cm{sup -3}). A decrease was found in the muon hyperfine coupling constants as a function of the density, which can be attributed to the interaction between the CO{sub 2} molecule and the p-orbital of the ethyl radical. The changes to the alpha-proton and beta-proton hyperfine coupling constants with density are attributed to changes in the overall geometry in the formed radical. This system was modeled using quantum calculations.

Higher order Stark effect and transition probabilities on hyperfine structure components of hydrogen like atoms

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pal' chikov, V.G. [National Research Institute for Physical-Technical and Radiotechnical Measurements - VNIIFTRI (Russian Federation)], E-mail: vitpal@mail.ru

2000-08-15

A quantum-electrodynamical (QED) perturbation theory is developed for hydrogen and hydrogen-like atomic systems with interaction between bound electrons and radiative field being treated as the perturbation. The dependence of the perturbed energy of levels on hyperfine structure (hfs) effects and on the higher-order Stark effect is investigated. Numerical results have been obtained for the transition probability between the hfs components of hydrogen-like bismuth.

Hyperfine relaxation of an optically pumped cesium vapor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tornos, J.; Amare, J.C.

1986-01-01

The relaxation of hyperfine orientation indirectly induced by optical pumping with a σ-polarized D 1 -light in a cesium vapor in the presence of Ar is experimentally studied. The detection technique ensures the absence of quadrupole relaxation contributions in the relaxation signals. The results from the dependences of the hyperfine relaxation rate on the temperature and argon pressure are: diffusion coefficient of Cs in Ar, D 0 = 0.101 +- 0.010 cm 2 s -1 at 0 0 C and 760 Torr; relaxation cross section by Cs-Ar collisions, σ/sub c/ = (104 +- 5) x 10 -23 cm 2 ; relaxation cross section by Cs-Cs (spin exchange) collisions, σ/sub e//sub x/ = (1.63 +- 0.13) x 10 -14 cm 2

Determination of hyperfine fields and atomic ordering in NiMnFeGe exhibiting martensitic transformation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Satuła Dariusz

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The hyperfine fields and atomic ordering in Ni1−xFexMnGe (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 alloys were investigated using X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction measurements show that the samples with x = 0.2, 0.3 crystallized in the hexagonal Ni2In-type of structure, whereas in the sample with x = 0.1, the coexistence of two phases, Ni2In- and orthorhombic TiNiSi-type of structures, were found. The Mössbauer spectra measured with x = 0.2, 0.3 show three doublets with different values of isomer shift (IS and quadrupole splitting (QS related to three different local surroundings of Fe atoms in the hexagonal Ni2In-type structure. It was shown that Fe atoms in the hexagonal Ni2In-type structure of as-cast Ni1−xFexMnGe alloys are preferentially located in Ni sites and small amount of Fe is located in Mn and probably in Ge sites. The spectrum for x = 0.1 shows the doublets in the central part of spectrum and a broad sextet. The doublets originate from the Fe atoms in the paramagnetic state of hexagonal Ni2In-type structure, whereas the sextet results from the Fe atoms in orthorhombic TiNiSi-type structure.

Two-photon exchange correction to the hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tomalak, Oleksandr [Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet, Institut fuer Kernphysik and PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Mainz (Germany)

2017-12-15

We reevaluate the Zemach, recoil and polarizability corrections to the hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen expressing them through the low-energy proton structure constants and obtain the precise values of the Zemach radius and two-photon exchange (TPE) contribution. The uncertainty of TPE correction to S energy levels in muonic hydrogen of 105 ppm exceeds the ppm accuracy level of the forthcoming 1S hyperfine splitting measurements at PSI, J-PARC and RIKEN-RAL. (orig.)

Control of inhomogeneous atomic ensembles of hyperfine qudits

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mischuck, Brian Edward; Merkel, Seth T.; Deutsch, Ivan H.

2012-01-01

We study the ability to control d-dimensional quantum systems (qudits) encoded in the hyperfine spin of alkali-metal atoms through the application of radio- and microwave-frequency magnetic fields in the presence of inhomogeneities in amplitude and detuning. Such a capability is essential...... to the design of robust pulses that mitigate the effects of experimental uncertainty and also for application to tomographic addressing of particular members of an extended ensemble. We study the problem of preparing an arbitrary state in the Hilbert space from an initial fiducial state. We prove...... that inhomogeneous control of qudit ensembles is possible based on a semianalytic protocol that synthesizes the target through a sequence of alternating rf and microwave-driven SU(2) rotations in overlapping irreducible subspaces. Several examples of robust control are studied, and the semianalytic protocol...

Magnetism, chemical bonding and hyperfine properties in the nanoscale antiferromagnet [Fe(O Me){sub 2}(O{sub 2} C C H{sub 2} Cl)]{sub 10}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zeng, Z.; Duan, Y.; Guenzburger, Diana [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

1996-09-01

The electronic and magnetic properties of the nanometer-size antiferromagnet (the ferric wheel molecule) are investigated with the first-principles spin-polarized Discrete Variational Method, in the framework of Density Functional theory. Magnetic moments, densities of the states and charge and spin-density maps are obtained. The Moessbauer hyperfine parameters Isomer shift, Quadrupole Splitting and Hyperfine Field are obtained from the calculations and compared to reported experimental values when available. (author). 33 refs., 8 figs., 4 tabs.

Hyperfine splitting in ordinary and muonic hydrogen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tomalak, Oleksandr [Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet, Institut fuer Kernphysik and PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Mainz (Germany)

2018-01-15

We provide an accurate evaluation of the two-photon exchange correction to the hyperfine splitting of S energy levels in muonic hydrogen exploiting the corresponding measurements in electronic hydrogen. The proton structure uncertainty in the calculation of α{sup 5} contribution is sizably reduced. (orig.)

The hyperfine structure - a message from the inner circle

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sturesson, L.

1992-06-01

Experiment have been performed to determine the lifetimes and the hyperfine structures of excited states in atoms. Decay curves were recorded with the aid of time-resolved laser spectroscopy. From these curves, it was possible to evaluated the lifetimes with high accuracy. In certain cases, the hyperfine structures were also determined with high accuracy form quantum beat signals. The elements studied were lithium, sodium, copper, iron and silver. In favourable cases, the method of delayed coincidence gave uncertainties in lifetime measurements of about 0.5%. The detection of quantum beat signals with frequencies higher than 1 GHz was demonstrated. The effects of non-white excitation and delayed detection on level-crossing signals were also investigated. The method of delayed detection causes a narrowing of the detected signal, though most of the intensity of the signals is lost and it exhibits an oscillatory behaviour due to the gating procedure. The effect of high-intensity beams in combination with optically dense media applied to saturation absorption spectroscopy has been investigated both theoretically and experimentally. In this regime the signals exhibited sharp profiles, with widths narrower than the natural linewidth, duel to the non-linearity of the medium. Also, a strong rejection of the background was achieved. These features make this regime interesting for frequency stabilization purpose. Using wavefunctions calculated with the multi-configuration Hartree-Fock method, the hyperfine structure interaction constants of the 3s 2 S and the 3p 2 P states in 23 Na and the 3s3p 1.3 P and the 3s3d 1.3 D states in 25 Mg, the only stable isotope of magnesium with a hyperfine structure, were determined. (62 refs.) (au)

Complete analytic results for radiative-recoil corrections to ground-state muonium hyperfine splitting

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karshenboim, S.G.; Shelyuto, V.A.; Eides, M.E.

1988-01-01

Analytic expressions are obtained for radiative corrections to the hyperfine splitting related to the muon line. The corresponding contribution amounts to (Z 2 a) (Za) (m/M) (9/2 ζ(3) - 3π 2 ln 2 + 39/8) in units of the Fermi hyperfine splitting energy. A complete analytic result for all radiative-recoil corrections is also presented

Hyperfine structure of the S- and P-wave states of muonic deuterium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martynenko, A. P.; Martynenko, G. A.; Sorokin, V. V.; Faustov, R. N.

2016-01-01

Corrections of order α"5 and α"6 to the hyperfine structure of the S- and P-wave states of muonic deuteriumwere calculated on the basis of the quasipotential approach in quantum electrodynamics. Relativistic corrections, vacuum-polarization and deuteron-structure effects, and recoil corrections were taken into account in this calculation. The resulting hyperfine-splitting values can be used in a comparison with experimental data obtained by the CREMA Collaboration.

Proceedings of 4 conference on hyperfine interaction spectroscopic investigations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shpinel', V.S.

1992-01-01

Results of theoretical and experimental investigations on nuclear-spectroscopy of hyperfine interactions are presented. Possibility of the data use for technological and materials sceince problems is demonstrated

Hyperfine structure of six low-lying fine structure levels of 191Ir and 193Ir and the 191Δs193 hyperfine anomaly

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buettgenbach, S.; Dicke, R.; Gebauer, H.; Kuhnen, R.; Traeber, F.

1978-01-01

The hyperfine interaction constants A and B of six low-lying metastable fine structure states of the two iridium isotopes 191 Ir and 193 Ir and the electronic g-factors of these levels have been measured using the atomic-beam magnetic-resonance method. From the values of the magnetic-dipole interaction constants A, corrected for off-diagonal perturbations, we extracted the hyperfine anomaly of a pure 6s-electron state: 191 Δs 193 = 0.64(7)%. Using nonrelativistic approximations for the effective radial parameters the nuclear electric-quadrupole moments were obtained: Q( 191 Ir) = 0.81(21)b, Q( 193 Ir) = 0.73(19)b (corrected for Sternheimer shielding effects). (orig.) [de

Characterization of magnetic phase transitions in PrMn2Ge2 compound investigated by magnetization and hyperfine field measurements

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

B. Bosch-Santos

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The magnetic properties of PrMn2Ge2 compound have been investigated by perturbed γ−γ angular correlation (PAC spectroscopy using 111In(111Cd as probe nuclei as well as by magnetization measurements. This ternary intermetallic compound exhibits different magnetic structures depending on the temperature. The magnetic ordering is mainly associated with the magnetic moment of 3d-Mn sublattice but at low temperatures a magnetic contribution due to ordering of the magnetic moment from 4f-Pr sublattice appears. PAC results with 111Cd probe nuclei at Mn sites show that the temperature dependence of hyperfine field Bhf(T follows the expected behavior for the host magnetization, which could be fitted by two Brillouin functions, one for antiferromagnetic phase and the other for ferromagnetic phase, associated with the magnetic ordering of Mn ions. Magnetization measurements showed the magnetic behavior due to Mn ions highlighting the antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition around 326 K and an increase in the magnetization around 36 K, which is ascribed to Pr ions ordering.

Fine- and hyperfine-structure effects in molecular photoionization. I. General theory and direct photoionization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Germann, Matthias; Willitsch, Stefan, E-mail: stefan.willitsch@unibas.ch [Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel (Switzerland)

2016-07-28

We develop a model for predicting fine- and hyperfine intensities in the direct photoionization of molecules based on the separability of electron and nuclear spin states from vibrational-electronic states. Using spherical tensor algebra, we derive highly symmetrized forms of the squared photoionization dipole matrix elements from which we derive the salient selection and propensity rules for fine- and hyperfine resolved photoionizing transitions. Our theoretical results are validated by the analysis of the fine-structure resolved photoelectron spectrum of O{sub 2} reported by Palm and Merkt [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1385 (1998)] and are used for predicting hyperfine populations of molecular ions produced by photoionization.

Fine- and hyperfine-structure effects in molecular photoionization. I. General theory and direct photoionization.

Science.gov (United States)

Germann, Matthias; Willitsch, Stefan

2016-07-28

We develop a model for predicting fine- and hyperfine intensities in the direct photoionization of molecules based on the separability of electron and nuclear spin states from vibrational-electronic states. Using spherical tensor algebra, we derive highly symmetrized forms of the squared photoionization dipole matrix elements from which we derive the salient selection and propensity rules for fine- and hyperfine resolved photoionizing transitions. Our theoretical results are validated by the analysis of the fine-structure resolved photoelectron spectrum of O2 reported by Palm and Merkt [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1385 (1998)] and are used for predicting hyperfine populations of molecular ions produced by photoionization.

Transient nutation electron spin resonance spectroscopy on spin-correlated radical pairs: A theoretical analysis on hyperfine-induced nuclear modulations

Science.gov (United States)

Weber, Stefan; Kothe, Gerd; Norris, James R.

1997-04-01

The influence of anisotropic hyperfine interaction on transient nutation electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of light-induced spin-correlated radical pairs is studied theoretically using the density operator formalism. Analytical expressions for the time evolution of the transient EPR signal during selective microwave excitation of single transitions are derived for a model system comprised of a weakly coupled radical pair and one hyperfine-coupled nucleus with I=1/2. Zero-quantum electron coherence and single-quantum nuclear coherence are created as a result of the sudden light-induced generation of the radical pair state from a singlet-state precursor. Depending on the relative sizes of the nuclear Zeeman frequency and the secular and pseudo-secular parts of the hyperfine coupling, transitions between levels with different nuclear spin orientations are predicted to modulate the time-dependent EPR signal. These modulations are in addition to the well-known transient nutations and electron zero-quantum precessions. Our calculations provide insight into the mechanism of recent experimental observations of coherent nuclear modulations in the time-resolved EPR signals of doublets and radical pairs. Two distinct mechanisms of the modulations are presented for various microwave magnetic field strengths. The first modulation scheme arises from electron and nuclear coherences initiated by the laser excitation pulse and is "read out" by the weak microwave magnetic field. While the relative modulation depth of these oscillations with respect to the signal intensity is independent of the Rabi frequency, ω1, the frequencies of this coherence phenomenon are modulated by the effective microwave amplitude and determined by the nuclear Zeeman interaction and hyperfine coupling constants as well as the electron-electron spin exchange and dipolar interactions between the two radical pair halves. In a second mechanism the modulations are both created and detected by the microwave

Very low temperature studies of hyperfine effects in metals. [Progress report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weyhmann, W.

1985-01-01

We are using nuclei through the hyperfine coupling as a probe of magnetic interactions in metallic systems, emphasizing the role conduction electrons play. Three types of systems are of interest to us: nuclear singlet ground state intermetallic compounds, very dilute magnetic impurities in non-magnetic metals, and itinerant ferromagnets. The nuclear ordering in singlet ground state alloys of praseodymium appears to be analogous to electronic ordering in rare earth metals, with the RKKY interaction moderating the indirect exchange in both cases. We are measuring the static and dynamic properties of these materials both to study rare earth ordering, since only first order effects should play a role in the nuclear case, and to develop the sub-millikelvin refrigeration capabilities of these materials. Using this cooling power, we propose studying the local moment of Mn based Kondo systems at millikelvin and sub-millikelvin temperatures. Kondo systems with a Kondo temperature below 0.1 K have the advantage that magnetic saturation can be achieved with available magnets. We propose studying both the local magnetization as measured with nuclear orientation and the macroscopic magnetization measured with SQUID magnetometry. We also propose searching for electron polarization effects in itinerant ferromagnets using nuclear orientation. Induced hyperfine fields of less than 1 k0e can be detected at 1 mK

Negative muon spin precession measurement of the hyperfine states of muonic sodium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brewer, J.H.; Ghandi, K.; Froese, A.M.; Fryer, B.A.

2005-01-01

Both hyperfine states of muonic 23 Na and the rate R of conversion between them have been observed directly in a high field negative muon spin precession experiment using a backward muon beam with transverse spin polarization. The result in metallic sodium, R=13.7±2.2 μs -1 , is consistent with Winston's prediction in 1963 based on Auger emission of core electrons, and with the measurements of Gorringe et al. in Na metal, but not with their smaller result in NaF. In NaOH we find R=23.5±8 μs -1 , leaving medium-dependent effects ambiguous

Radiative heat transfer in the extreme near field.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Kyeongtae; Song, Bai; Fernández-Hurtado, Víctor; Lee, Woochul; Jeong, Wonho; Cui, Longji; Thompson, Dakotah; Feist, Johannes; Reid, M T Homer; García-Vidal, Francisco J; Cuevas, Juan Carlos; Meyhofer, Edgar; Reddy, Pramod

2015-12-17

Radiative transfer of energy at the nanometre length scale is of great importance to a variety of technologies including heat-assisted magnetic recording, near-field thermophotovoltaics and lithography. Although experimental advances have enabled elucidation of near-field radiative heat transfer in gaps as small as 20-30 nanometres (refs 4-6), quantitative analysis in the extreme near field (less than 10 nanometres) has been greatly limited by experimental challenges. Moreover, the results of pioneering measurements differed from theoretical predictions by orders of magnitude. Here we use custom-fabricated scanning probes with embedded thermocouples, in conjunction with new microdevices capable of periodic temperature modulation, to measure radiative heat transfer down to gaps as small as two nanometres. For our experiments we deposited suitably chosen metal or dielectric layers on the scanning probes and microdevices, enabling direct study of extreme near-field radiation between silica-silica, silicon nitride-silicon nitride and gold-gold surfaces to reveal marked, gap-size-dependent enhancements of radiative heat transfer. Furthermore, our state-of-the-art calculations of radiative heat transfer, performed within the theoretical framework of fluctuational electrodynamics, are in excellent agreement with our experimental results, providing unambiguous evidence that confirms the validity of this theory for modelling radiative heat transfer in gaps as small as a few nanometres. This work lays the foundations required for the rational design of novel technologies that leverage nanoscale radiative heat transfer.

A source of antihydrogen for in-flight hyperfine spectroscopy

CERN Document Server

Kuroda, N; Murtagh, D J; Van Gorp, S; Nagata, Y; Diermaier, M; Federmann, S; Leali, M; Malbrunot, C; Mascagna, V; Massiczek, O; Michishio, K; Mizutani, T; Mohri, A; Nagahama, H; Ohtsuka, M; Radics, B; Sakurai, S; Sauerzopf, C; Suzuki, K; Tajima, M; Torii, H A; Venturelli, L; Wünschek, B; Zmeskal, J; Zurlo, N; Higaki, H; Kanai, Y; Lodi Rizzini, E; Nagashima, Y; Matsuda, Y; Widmann, E; Yamazaki, Y

2014-01-01

Antihydrogen, a positron bound to an antiproton, is the simplest antiatom. Its counterpart—hydrogen—is one of the most precisely investigated and best understood systems in physics research. High-resolution comparisons of both systems provide sensitive tests of CPT symmetry, which is the most fundamental symmetry in the Standard Model of elementary particle physics. Any measured difference would point to CPT violation and thus to new physics. Here we report the development of an antihydrogen source using a cusp trap for in-flight spectroscopy. A total of 80 antihydrogen atoms are unambiguously detected 2.7 m downstream of the production region, where perturbing residual magnetic fields are small. This is a major step towards precision spectroscopy of the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen using Rabi-like beam spectroscopy.

Torsionally mediated spin-rotation hyperfine splittings at moderate to high J values in methanol

Science.gov (United States)

Belov, S. P.; Golubiatnikov, G. Yu.; Lapinov, A. V.; Ilyushin, V. V.; Alekseev, E. A.; Mescheryakov, A. A.; Hougen, J. T.; Xu, Li-Hong

2016-07-01

This paper presents an explanation based on torsionally mediated proton-spin-overall-rotation interaction for the observation of doublet hyperfine splittings in some Lamb-dip sub-millimeter-wave transitions between ground-state torsion-rotation states of E symmetry in methanol. These unexpected doublet splittings, some as large as 70 kHz, were observed for rotational quantum numbers in the range of J = 13 to 34, and K = - 2 to +3. Because they increase nearly linearly with J for a given branch, we confined our search for an explanation to hyperfine operators containing one nuclear-spin angular momentum factor I and one overall-rotation angular momentum factor J (i.e., to spin-rotation operators) and ignored both spin-spin and spin-torsion operators, since they contain no rotational angular momentum operator. Furthermore, since traditional spin-rotation operators did not seem capable of explaining the observed splittings, we constructed totally symmetric "torsionally mediated spin-rotation operators" by multiplying the E-species spin-rotation operator by an E-species torsional-coordinate factor of the form e±niα. The resulting operator is capable of connecting the two components of a degenerate torsion-rotation E state. This has the effect of turning the hyperfine splitting pattern upside down for some nuclear-spin states, which leads to bottom-to-top and top-to-bottom hyperfine selection rules for some transitions, and thus to an explanation for the unexpectedly large observed hyperfine splittings. The constructed operator cannot contribute to hyperfine splittings in the A-species manifold because its matrix elements within the set of torsion-rotation A1 and A2 states are all zero. The theory developed here fits the observed large doublet splittings to a root-mean-square residual of less than 1 kHz and predicts unresolvable splittings for a number of transitions in which no doublet splitting was detected.

Hyperfine interactions, the key to multiquark physics?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Likpink, H.J.

1988-01-01

Clues in the search for a fundamental description of hadron physics based on QCD may be obtained from a phenomenological constituent quark model in which the color-electric force binds quarks into saturated color-singlet hadrons, and finer details of the spectrum and multiquark physics are dominated by the color-magnetic hyperfine interaction. 47 refs

Hyperfine interactions, the key to multiquark physics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Likpink, H.J.

1988-08-08

Clues in the search for a fundamental description of hadron physics based on QCD may be obtained from a phenomenological constituent quark model in which the color-electric force binds quarks into saturated color-singlet hadrons, and finer details of the spectrum and multiquark physics are dominated by the color-magnetic hyperfine interaction. 47 refs.

Optical dephasing, hyperfine structure, and hyperfine relaxation associated with the 580.8-nm 7F0-5D0 transition of europium in Eu/sup 3+/:Y2O3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Babbitt, W.R.; Lezama, A.; Mossberg, T.W.

1989-01-01

We have employed spectral-hole-burning, coherent-transient, and optical-rf double-resonance techniques to measure various parameters associated with the 580.8-nm 7 F 0 - 5 D 0 transition of Eu/sup 3+/ doped into Y 2 O 3 . In particular, we have measured the hyperfine splittings of the terminal levels (for both /sup 151/Eu and /sup 153/Eu), an effective thermalization rate of the ground-state ( 7 F 0 ) hyperfine manifold over the temperature range of ≅4--15 K, and the homogeneous linewidth of the optical transition over the range of ≅14--35 K. Large ratios of inhomogeneous to homogeneous linewidth at elevated temperatures (10 3 at 25 K) and long ground-state hyperfine thermalization times (>30 h at 4 K) make this an interesting crystal in the context of spectrally addressable optical memories

f-electron-nuclear hyperfine-coupled multiplets in the unconventional charge order phase of filled skutterudite PrRu4P12

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aoki, Yuji; Namiki, Takahiro; Saha, Shanta R.; Sato, Hideyuki; Tayama, Takashi; Sakakibara, Toshiro; Shiina, Ryousuke; Shiba, Hiroyuki; Sugawara, Hitoshi

2011-01-01

The filled skutterudite PrRu 4 P 12 is known to undergo an unconventional charge order phase transition at 63 K, below which two sublattices with distinct f-electron crystalline-electric-field ground states are formed. In this paper, we study experimentally and theoretically the properties of the charge order phase at very low temperature, particularly focusing on the nature of the degenerate triplet ground state on one of the sublattices. First, we present experimental results of specific heat and magnetization measured with high quality single crystals. In spite of the absence of any symmetry breaking, the specific heat shows a peak structure at T p =0.30 K in zero field; it shifts to higher temperatures as the magnetic field is applied. In addition, the magnetization curve has a remarkable rounding below 1 T. Then, we study the origin of these experimental findings by considering the hyperfine interaction between 4f electron and nuclear spin. We demonstrate that the puzzling behaviors at low temperatures can be well accounted for by the formation of 4f-electron-nuclear hyperfine-coupled multiplets, the first thermodynamical observation of its kind. (author)

Study of hyperfine interactions in intermetallic compounds Gd(Ni,Pd,Cu)In, Tb(Ni,Pd)In, Dy(Ni,Pd)In and Ho(Ni,Pd)In

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lapolli, Andre Luis

2006-01-01

Systematic behavior of magnetic hyperfine field (B hf ) in the intermetallic compounds Gd(Ni,Pd,Cu)In Tb(Ni,Pd)In, Dy(Ni,Pd)In and Ho(Ni,Pd)In was studied by Perturbed Gamma-Gamma Angular Correlation spectroscopy. The measurements of B hf were carried out at the rare earth atom and in sites using the nuclear probes 140 Ce and 11 '1Cd respectively. The variation of hyperfine field with temperature, in most cases, follows the Brillouin function predicted from the molecular field theory. The hyperfine field values at rare earth atom sites obtained from 140 Ce probe as well as at in sites obtained from 111 Cd probe for each series of compounds were extrapolated to zero Kelvin B hf (T=0) from these curves. These values were compared with the values of the literature for other compounds containing the same rare earth element and all of them show a linear relationship with the ordering temperature. This indicates that the main contribution to B hf comes from the conduction electron polarization (CEP) through Fermi contact interaction and the principal mechanism of magnetic interaction in these compounds can be described by the RKKY type interaction. The values of B hf (T=0) for each family of intermetallic compounds RNiIn and RPdIn when plotted as a function of 4f spin projection of rare earth element also shows a linear relationship. Exceptions are the results for the compounds RNiIn obtained with 111 Cd probe where a small deviation from linearity is observed. The results of the measurements carried out with the 111 Cd probe were also analyzed to obtain the hyperfine parameters of the quadrupole interaction as a function of temperature for RPdln and GdNiIn compounds. The results show that for the compound GdPdIn there might be some Gd-In disorder at high temperature. (author)

Calculations of hyperfine interactions in transition metal compounds in the local density approximation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guenzburger, D.J.R.

1982-01-01

A survey is made of some theoretical calculations of electrostatic and magnetic hyperfine interactions in transition metal compounds and complex irons. The molecular orbital methods considered are the Multiple Scattering and Discrete Variational, in which the local Xα approximation for the exchange interaction is employed. Emphasis is given to the qualitative informations, derived from the calculations, relating the hyperfine parameters to characteristics of the chemical bonds. (Author) [pt

Vibrational Averaging of the Isotropic Hyperfine Coupling Constants for the Methyl Radical

Science.gov (United States)

Adam, Ahmad; Jensen, Per; Yachmenev, Andrey; Yurchenko, Sergei N.

2014-06-01

Electronic contributions to molecular properties are often considered as the major factor and usually reported in the literature without ro-vibrational corrections. However, there are many cases where the nuclear motion contributions are significant and even larger than the electronic contribution. In order to obtain accurate theoretical predictions, nuclear motion effects on molecular properties need to be taken into account. The computed isotropic hyperfine coupling constants for the nonvibrating methyl radical CH_3 are far from the experimental values. For CH_3, we have calculated the vibrational-state-dependence of the isotropic hyperfine coupling constant in the electronic ground state. The vibrational wavefunctions used in the averaging procedure were obtained variationally with the TROVE program. Analytical representations for the potential energy surfaces and the hyperfine coupling constant surfaces are obtained in least-squares fitting procedures. Thermal averaging has been carried out for molecules in thermal equilibrium, i.e., with Boltzmann-distributed populations. The calculation methods and the results will be discussed in detail.

Unidirectional wireless power transfer using near-field plates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Imani, Mohammadreza F.; Grbic, Anthony

2015-01-01

One of the obstacles preventing wireless power transfer from becoming ubiquitous is their leakage of power: high-amplitude electromagnetic fields that can interfere with other electronic devices, increase health concerns, or hinder power metering. In this paper, we present near-field plates (NFPs) as a novel method to tailor the electromagnetic fields generated by a wireless power transfer system while maintaining high efficiency. NFPs are modulated arrays or surfaces designed to form prescribed near-field patterns. The NFP proposed in this paper consists of an array of loaded loops that are designed to confine the electromagnetic fields of a resonant transmitting loop to the desired direction (receiving loop) while suppressing fields in other directions. The step-by-step design procedure for this device is outlined. Two NFPs are designed and examined in full-wave simulation. Their performance is shown to be in close agreement with the design predictions, thereby verifying the proposed design and operation. A NFP is also fabricated and experimentally shown to form a unidirectional wireless power transfer link with high efficiency

Unidirectional wireless power transfer using near-field plates

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imani, Mohammadreza F., E-mail: mohamad.imani@gmail.com [Center for Metamaterials and Integrated Plasmonics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 (United States); Grbic, Anthony [Radiation Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 (United States)

2015-05-14

One of the obstacles preventing wireless power transfer from becoming ubiquitous is their leakage of power: high-amplitude electromagnetic fields that can interfere with other electronic devices, increase health concerns, or hinder power metering. In this paper, we present near-field plates (NFPs) as a novel method to tailor the electromagnetic fields generated by a wireless power transfer system while maintaining high efficiency. NFPs are modulated arrays or surfaces designed to form prescribed near-field patterns. The NFP proposed in this paper consists of an array of loaded loops that are designed to confine the electromagnetic fields of a resonant transmitting loop to the desired direction (receiving loop) while suppressing fields in other directions. The step-by-step design procedure for this device is outlined. Two NFPs are designed and examined in full-wave simulation. Their performance is shown to be in close agreement with the design predictions, thereby verifying the proposed design and operation. A NFP is also fabricated and experimentally shown to form a unidirectional wireless power transfer link with high efficiency.

Ab initio calculations of torsionally mediated hyperfine splittings in E states of acetaldehyde

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Li-Hong; Reid, E. M.; Guislain, B.; Hougen, J. T.; Alekseev, E. A.; Krapivin, I.

2017-12-01

Quantum chemistry packages can be used to predict with reasonable accuracy spin-rotation hyperfine interaction constants for methanol, which contains one methyl-top internal rotor. In this work we use one of these packages to calculate components of the spin-rotation interaction tensor for acetaldehyde. We then use torsion-rotation wavefunctions obtained from a fit to the acetaldehyde torsion-rotation spectrum to calculate the expected magnitude of hyperfine splittings analogous to those observed at relatively high J values in the E symmetry states of methanol. We find that theory does indeed predict doublet splittings at moderate J values in the acetaldehyde torsion-rotation spectrum, which closely resemble those seen in methanol, but that the factor of three decrease in hyperfine spin-rotation constants compared to methanol puts the largest of the acetaldehyde splittings a factor of two below presently available Lamb-dip resolution.

Hyperfine splitting of the optical lines in the odd isotopes of uranium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gangrskij, Yu.P.; Zemlyanoj, S.G.; Markov, B.N.; Kul'dzhanov, B.K.

1996-01-01

The hyperfine structure was studied for two optical transitions in U between the ground state term 5 L 6 and the excited ones 7 M 7 and 7 L 6 . The method of laser resonance fluorescence in the atomic beam was used. The values of constants of hyperfine splitting-magnetic dipole and octupole, electric quadrupole were obtained for odd isotopes 223 U and 235 U. The connection of these constants and atomic and nuclear parameters is discussed. (author). 20 refs., 2 figs., 4 tabs

Electronic structure optical spectra and contact hyperfine parameters of CoF64- complex in LiF and KMgF3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Albuquerque, E.L. de.

1975-12-01

The electronic structure, the optical absorption bands and the magnetic hyperfine contact terms have been calculated for CoF 6 4- cluster in LiF and KMgF 3 using the Self-Consistent-Field Multiple-Scattering Xα Method. The results obtained are compared with experiment and indicate that this scheme is convenient to treat such complex problems. (Author) [pt

Torsionally mediated spin-rotation hyperfine splittings at moderate to high J values in methanol

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Belov, S. P.; Golubiatnikov, G. Yu.; Lapinov, A. V. [Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod (Russian Federation); Ilyushin, V. V.; Mescheryakov, A. A. [Institute of Radio Astronomy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chervonopraporna 4, 61002 Kharkov (Ukraine); Alekseev, E. A. [Institute of Radio Astronomy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chervonopraporna 4, 61002 Kharkov (Ukraine); Quantum Radiophysics Department of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Square 4, 61022 Kharkov (Ukraine); Hougen, J. T., E-mail: jon.hougen@nist.gov [Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8441 (United States); Xu, Li-Hong [Department of Physics and Centre for Laser, Atomic, and Molecular Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4L5 (Canada)

2016-07-14

This paper presents an explanation based on torsionally mediated proton-spin–overall-rotation interaction for the observation of doublet hyperfine splittings in some Lamb-dip sub-millimeter-wave transitions between ground-state torsion-rotation states of E symmetry in methanol. These unexpected doublet splittings, some as large as 70 kHz, were observed for rotational quantum numbers in the range of J = 13 to 34, and K = − 2 to +3. Because they increase nearly linearly with J for a given branch, we confined our search for an explanation to hyperfine operators containing one nuclear-spin angular momentum factor I and one overall-rotation angular momentum factor J (i.e., to spin-rotation operators) and ignored both spin-spin and spin-torsion operators, since they contain no rotational angular momentum operator. Furthermore, since traditional spin-rotation operators did not seem capable of explaining the observed splittings, we constructed totally symmetric “torsionally mediated spin-rotation operators” by multiplying the E-species spin-rotation operator by an E-species torsional-coordinate factor of the form e{sup ±niα}. The resulting operator is capable of connecting the two components of a degenerate torsion-rotation E state. This has the effect of turning the hyperfine splitting pattern upside down for some nuclear-spin states, which leads to bottom-to-top and top-to-bottom hyperfine selection rules for some transitions, and thus to an explanation for the unexpectedly large observed hyperfine splittings. The constructed operator cannot contribute to hyperfine splittings in the A-species manifold because its matrix elements within the set of torsion-rotation A{sub 1} and A{sub 2} states are all zero. The theory developed here fits the observed large doublet splittings to a root-mean-square residual of less than 1 kHz and predicts unresolvable splittings for a number of transitions in which no doublet splitting was detected.

New Nuclear Magnetic Moment of 209Bi: Resolving the Bismuth Hyperfine Puzzle

Science.gov (United States)

Skripnikov, Leonid V.; Schmidt, Stefan; Ullmann, Johannes; Geppert, Christopher; Kraus, Florian; Kresse, Benjamin; Nörtershäuser, Wilfried; Privalov, Alexei F.; Scheibe, Benjamin; Shabaev, Vladimir M.; Vogel, Michael; Volotka, Andrey V.

2018-03-01

A recent measurement of the hyperfine splitting in the ground state of Li-like 80+208Bi has established a "hyperfine puzzle"—the experimental result exhibits a 7 σ deviation from the theoretical prediction [J. Ullmann et al., Nat. Commun. 8, 15484 (2017), 10.1038/ncomms15484; J. P. Karr, Nat. Phys. 13, 533 (2017), 10.1038/nphys4159]. We provide evidence that the discrepancy is caused by an inaccurate value of the tabulated nuclear magnetic moment (μI) of 209Bi. We perform relativistic density functional theory and relativistic coupled cluster calculations of the shielding constant that should be used to extract the value of μI(209ipts>) and combine it with nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of Bi (NO3 )3 in nitric acid solutions and of the hexafluoridobismuthate(V) BiF6- ion in acetonitrile. The result clearly reveals that μI(209Bi) is much smaller than the tabulated value used previously. Applying the new magnetic moment shifts the theoretical prediction into agreement with experiment and resolves the hyperfine puzzle.

New Nuclear Magnetic Moment of ^{209}Bi: Resolving the Bismuth Hyperfine Puzzle.

Science.gov (United States)

Skripnikov, Leonid V; Schmidt, Stefan; Ullmann, Johannes; Geppert, Christopher; Kraus, Florian; Kresse, Benjamin; Nörtershäuser, Wilfried; Privalov, Alexei F; Scheibe, Benjamin; Shabaev, Vladimir M; Vogel, Michael; Volotka, Andrey V

2018-03-02

A recent measurement of the hyperfine splitting in the ground state of Li-like ^{208}Bi^{80+} has established a "hyperfine puzzle"-the experimental result exhibits a 7σ deviation from the theoretical prediction [J. Ullmann et al., Nat. Commun. 8, 15484 (2017)NCAOBW2041-172310.1038/ncomms15484; J. P. Karr, Nat. Phys. 13, 533 (2017)NPAHAX1745-247310.1038/nphys4159]. We provide evidence that the discrepancy is caused by an inaccurate value of the tabulated nuclear magnetic moment (μ_{I}) of ^{209}Bi. We perform relativistic density functional theory and relativistic coupled cluster calculations of the shielding constant that should be used to extract the value of μ_{I}(^{209}Bi) and combine it with nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of Bi(NO_{3})_{3} in nitric acid solutions and of the hexafluoridobismuthate(V) BiF_{6}^{-} ion in acetonitrile. The result clearly reveals that μ_{I}(^{209}Bi) is much smaller than the tabulated value used previously. Applying the new magnetic moment shifts the theoretical prediction into agreement with experiment and resolves the hyperfine puzzle.

Theoretical study of hyperfine interactions and optically detected magnetic resonance spectra by simulation of the C291[NV]-H172 diamond cluster hosting nitrogen-vacancy center

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nizovtsev, A P; Ya Kilin, S; Pushkarchuk, A L; Pushkarchuk, V A; Jelezko, F

2014-01-01

Single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond coupled to neighboring nuclear spins are promising candidates for room-temperature applications in quantum information processing, quantum sensing and metrology. Here we report on a systematic density functional theory simulation of hyperfine coupling of the electronic spin of the NV center to individual 13 C nuclear spins arbitrarily disposed in the H-terminated C 291 [NV] - H 172 cluster hosting the NV center. For the ‘families’ of equivalent positions of the 13 C atom in diamond lattices around the NV center we calculated hyperfine characteristics. For the first time the data are given for a system where the 13 C atom is located on the NV center symmetry axis. Electron paramagnetic resonance transitions in the coupled electron–nuclear spin system 14 NV- 13 C are analyzed as a function of the external magnetic field. Previously reported experimental data from Dréau et al (2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 134107) are described using simulated hyperfine coupling parameters. (paper)

Output Enhancement in the Transfer-Field Machine Using Rotor ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Output Enhancement in the Transfer-Field Machine Using Rotor Circuit Induced Currents. ... The output of a plain transfer-field machine would be much less than that of a conventional machine of comparable size and dimensions. The use of ... The same effects have their parallel for the asynchronous mode of operation.

Strain-induced modulation of near-field radiative transfer.

Science.gov (United States)

Ghanekar, Alok; Ricci, Matthew; Tian, Yanpei; Gregory, Otto; Zheng, Yi

2018-06-11

In this theoretical study, we present a near-field thermal modulator that exhibits change in radiative heat transfer when subjected to mechanical stress/strain. The device has two terminals at different temperatures separated by vacuum: one fixed and one stretchable. The stretchable side contains one-dimensional grating. When subjected to mechanical strain, the effective optical properties of the stretchable side are affected upon deformation of the grating. This results in modulation of surface waves across the interfaces influencing near-field radiative heat transfer. We show that for a separation of 100 nm, it is possible to achieve 25% change in radiative heat transfer for a strain of 10%.

Coherence transfer and electron T1-, T2-relaxation in nitroxide spin labels

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Marsh, Derek

2017-01-01

-hyperfine anisotropies of isolated nitroxide spin labels. Results compatible with earlier treatments by Redfield theory are obtained without specifically evaluating matrix elements. Extension to single-transition operators for isolated nitroxides predicts electron coherence transfer by pseudosecular electron...

Near-field heat transfer between graphene/hBN multilayers

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Bo; Guizal, Brahim; Zhang, Zhuomin M.; Fan, Shanhui; Antezza, Mauro

2017-06-01

We study the radiative heat transfer between multilayer structures made by a periodic repetition of a graphene sheet and a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) slab. Surface plasmons in a monolayer graphene can couple with hyperbolic phonon polaritons in a single hBN film to form hybrid polaritons that can assist photon tunneling. For periodic multilayer graphene/hBN structures, the stacked metallic/dielectric array can give rise to a further effective hyperbolic behavior, in addition to the intrinsic natural hyperbolic behavior of hBN. The effective hyperbolicity can enable more hyperbolic polaritons that enhance the photon tunneling and hence the near-field heat transfer. However, the hybrid polaritons on the surface, i.e., surface plasmon-phonon polaritons, dominate the near-field heat transfer between multilayer structures when the topmost layer is graphene. The effective hyperbolic regions can be well predicted by the effective medium theory (EMT), thought EMT fails to capture the hybrid surface polaritons and results in a heat transfer rate much lower compared to the exact calculation. The chemical potential of the graphene sheets can be tuned through electrical gating and results in an additional modulation of the heat transfer. We found that the near-field heat transfer between multilayer structures does not increase monotonously with the number of layers in the stack, which provides a way to control the heat transfer rate by the number of graphene layers in the multilayer structure. The results may benefit the applications of near-field energy harvesting and radiative cooling based on hybrid polaritons in two-dimensional materials.

Influence of radiation damage evolution on hyperfine interactions of implanted impurities: 169Tm and 175Lu in Fe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thome, L.; Bernas, H.; Meunier, R.

1978-01-01

The hyperfine interaction of 169 Tm and 175 Lu implanted in Fe and annealed, or implanted at high temperatures, was studied by time-integral and time-differential perturbed angular correlation experiments. The heat treatment was performed in order to modify the impurity-radiation damage interaction in the sample. Comparison of our results with other hyperfine interaction results on rare earths implanted in iron shows that after room-temperature implantation, all the implanted nuclei experience the same hyperfine interaction. The annealing-and implantation-temperature dependences of the fraction of nuclei experiencing this hyperfine interaction are significantly different. The results are interpreted in terms of precipitation of an increasing proportion of implanted impurities. A discussion of their relation to the implanted impurity lattice location is presented in a companion paper

Spin-state transfer in laterally coupled quantum-dot chains with disorders

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Song; Bayat, Abolfazl; Bose, Sougato

2010-01-01

Quantum dot arrays are a promising medium for transferring quantum information between two distant points without resorting to mobile qubits. Here we study the two most common disorders, namely hyperfine interaction and exchange coupling fluctuations, in quantum dot arrays and their effects on quantum communication through these chains. Our results show that the hyperfine interaction is more destructive than the exchange coupling fluctuations. The average optimal time for communication is not affected by any disorder in the system and our simulations show that antiferromagnetic chains are much more resistive than the ferromagnetic ones against both kind of disorders. Even when time modulation of a coupling and optimal control is employed to improve the transmission, the antiferromagnetic chain performs much better. We have assumed the quasistatic approximation for hyperfine interaction and time-dependent fluctuations in the exchange couplings. Particularly for studying exchange coupling fluctuations we have considered the static disorder, white noise, and 1/f noise.

Nuclear hyperfine structure of muonium in CuCl resolved by means of avoided level crossing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, J.W.; Celio, M.; Keller, H.; Kuendig, W.; Odermatt, W.; Puempin, B.; Savic, I.M.; Simmler, H.; Estle, T.L.; Schwab, C.; Kiefl, R.F.; Renker, D.

1990-01-01

We report detailed avoided-level-crossing spectra of a muonium center (Mu II ) in single-crystal CuCl in a magnetic field range of 4--5 T and at a temperature of 100 K. The hyperfine parameters of the muon and the closest two shells of nuclei indicate that this center consists of muonium at a tetrahedral interstice with four Cu nearest neighbors and six Cl next-nearest neighbors and that the spin density is appreciable on the muon and on the ten neighboring nuclei but negligible elsewhere

Hyperfine coupling in gadolinium-praseodymium alloys by specific heat measurements; Etude du couplage hyperfin dans les alliages gadolinium-praseodyme par mesures de chaleur specifique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Michel, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1967-12-01

We have studied the hyperfine coupling in gadolinium-praseodymium alloys by specific heat measurements down to 0.3 K. In the first part we describe the apparatus used to perform our measurements. The second part is devoted to some theoretical considerations. We have studied in detail the case of praseodymium which is an exception in the rare earth series. The third part shows the results we have obtained. (author) [French] Nous avons etudie le couplage hyperfin d'alliages de gadolinium-praseodyme par des mesures de chaleur specifique jusqu'a 0.3 K. Dans la premiere partie de cette etude nous decrivons le dispositif experimental. La deuxieme partie est consacree a des considerations theoriques. Nous avons etudie en detail le cas du praseodyme qui est une exception dans la serie des terres rares. La troisieme partie est consacree aux resultats experimentaux. (auteur)

Detection of Anisotropic Hyperfine Components of Chemically Prepared Carotenoid Radical Cations:1D and 2D ESEEM and Pulsed ENDOR Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Konovalova, Tatyana A.; Dikanov, Sergei A.; Bowman, Michael K.; Kispert, Lowell D.

2001-01-01

Canthaxanthin and 8'-apo-B-caroten-8'-al radical cations chemically prepared on activated silica-alumina and in CH2CI2 solution containing A1C13 were studied by pulsed EPR and ENDOR spectroscopies. Both the 1D three-pulse ESEEM and the 2D HYSCORE spectra of the carotenoid-A1C13 mixtures exhibited the 27 A1 nuclei peak at 3.75 MHz. This indicates electron-transfer interactions between carotenoids and A1III ions resulting in the formation and stabilization of carotenoid radical cations. Davies ENDOR measurements of the canthaxanthin radical cation on silica-alumina determined the hyperfine couplings of B protons belonging to three different methyl groups with ahI=2.6 MHz, aH2=8.6MHz, and ah3 ca. 13 MHz. The principal components of the proton hyperfine tensors were obtained from HYSCORE spectra in A1C13 solutions and on the solid support. Identification of the protons was made on the basis of isotropic hyperfine couplings determined by RHF-INDO/SP molecular orbital calculations. In frozen A1C13 solution, the C(7, 7')Ha and C(14, 14')-Ha a protons were observed for Canthaxanthin and the C(8 or 14')-Ha, C(15')-Ha were observed for 8'-apo-B-caroten-8'-al. On the silica-alumina support, the C(10, 10')-Ha, C(11, 11')-Ha, and C(15,15')-Ha a protons were measured for Canthaxanthin and the C(12)-Ha and C(15')-Ha were measured for 8' apo-B-caroten-8'-al. Some protons with large isotropic couplings (> 10 MHz) determined from HYSCORE analysis could be assigned to B protons, but the principal components of their hyperfine tensors are much more anisotropic than those reported previously for B protons. We suggest that cis/trans isomerization of carotenoids on silica-alumina results in stabilization of di-cis isomers with large isotropic couplings for some a protons which are comparable to those of B protons

Model-independent determination of the two-photon exchange contribution to hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peset, Clara; Pineda, Antonio [Grup de Física Teòrica, Dept. Física and IFAE-BIST, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) (Spain)

2017-04-11

We obtain a model-independent prediction for the two-photon exchange contribution to the hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen. We use the relation of the Wilson coefficients of the spin-dependent dimension-six four-fermion operator of NRQED applied to the electron-proton and to the muon-proton sectors. Their difference can be reliably computed using chiral perturbation theory, whereas the Wilson coefficient of the electron-proton sector can be determined from the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen. This allows us to give a precise model-independent determination of the Wilson coefficient for the muon-proton sector, and consequently of the two-photon exchange contribution to the hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen, which reads δĒ{sub pμ,HF}{sup TPE}(nS)=−(1/(n{sup 3}))1.161(20) meV. Together with the associated QED analysis, we obtain a prediction for the hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen that reads E{sub pμ,HF}{sup th}(1S)=182.623(27) meV and E{sub pμ,HF}{sup th}(2S)=22.8123(33) meV. The error is dominated by the two-photon exchange contribution.

Measurement of Nitrogen Hyperfine Structure on the 53 CM (562 MHz) Butyronitrile Line

Science.gov (United States)

Dewberry, Christopher T.; Grubbs, Garry S. Grubbs, II; Raphelt, Andrew; Cooke, Stephen A.

2009-06-01

Recent improvements to our cavity-based Fourier transform radiofrequency spectrometer will be presented. Amongst other improvements use of Miteq amp, model AMF-6F-00100400-10-10P (0.1 GHz to 4 GHz, 65 dB gain minimum, 1 dB noise figure maximum) together with shielding from an improved Faraday cage have significantly helped us in this regard. Electromagnetic fields within our near-spherical cavity have been modeled and results will be presented. We have been able to easily resolve the nitrogen hyperfine structure on the ^aQ_{0,-1} transition 1_{1,0} ← 1_{1,1} located at 562 MHz. This result will be discussed.

Transfer function and near-field detection of evanescent waves

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Radko, Ylia P.; Bozhevolnyi, Sergey I.; Gregersen, Niels

2006-01-01

of collection and illumination modes. Making use of a collection near-field microscope with a similar fiber tip illuminated by an evanescent field, we measure the collected power as a function of the field spatial frequency in different polarization configurations. Considering a two-dimensional probe...... for the transfer function, which is derived by introducing an effective pointof (dipolelike) detection inside the probe tip. It is found to be possible to fit reasonably well both the experimental and the simulation data for evanescent field components, implying that the developed approximation of the near......-field transfer function can serve as a simple, rational, and sufficiently reliable means of fiber probe characterization....

Hyperfine coupling of the iodine {\\boldsymbol{D}}{0}_{{\\boldsymbol{u}}}^{+} and β1 g ion-pair states

Science.gov (United States)

Baturo, V. V.; Cherepanov, I. N.; Lukashov, S. S.; Petrov, A. N.; Poretsky, S. A.; Pravilov, A. M.

2018-05-01

Detailed studies of I2(β1 g , v β = 13, J β ∼ D{0}u+, v D = 12, J D and D, 48, J D ∼ β, 47, J β ) rovibronic state coupling have been carried out using two-step two-color, hν 1 + hν 2 and hν 1 + 2hν 2, optical–optical double resonance excitation schemes, respectively. The hyperfine interaction satisfying the | {{Δ }}J| = 0, 1 selection rules (magnetic-dipole interaction) has been observed. No electric-quadrupole hyperfine coupling (| {{Δ }}J| = 2) has been found. The dependences of ratios of luminescence intensities from the rovibronic states populated due to the hyperfine coupling to those from optically populated ones on energy gaps between these states have been experimentally determined. The matrix elements as well as the hyperfine structure constant have been obtained using these dependences. It is shown that they increase slightly with the vibrational quantum number of the states.

Hyperfine structure investigations for the odd-parity configuration system in atomic holmium

Science.gov (United States)

Stefanska, D.; Furmann, B.

2018-02-01

In this work new experimental results of the hyperfine structure (hfs) in the holmium atom are reported, concerning the odd-parity level system. Investigations were performed by the method of laser induced fluorescence in a hollow cathode discharge lamp on 97 spectral lines in the visible part of the spectrum. Hyperfine structure constants: magnetic dipole - A and electric quadrupole - B for 40 levels were determined for the first time; for another 21 levels the hfs constants available in the literature were remeasured. Results for the A constants can be viewed as fully reliable; for B constants further possibilities of improving the accuracy are considered.

Towards isotope shift and hyperfine structure measurements of the element nobelium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chhetri, Premaditya; Lautenschlaeger, Felix; Walther, Thomas [Institut fuer Angewandte Physik, TU Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt (Germany); Laatiaoui, Mustapha [Helmholtz Institut Mainz, D-55099 Mainz (Germany); Block, Michael; Hessberger, Fritz-Peter [Helmholtz Institut Mainz, D-55099 Mainz (Germany); GSI, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Lauth, Werner; Backe, Hartmut [Institut fuer Kernphysik, JGU Mainz, D-55122 Mainz (Germany); Kunz, Peter [TRIUMF, D-V6T2A3 Vancouver (Canada)

2014-07-01

Laser spectroscopy on the heaviest elements is of great interest as it allows the study of the evolution of relativistic effects on their atomic structure. In our experiment we exploit the Radiation Detected Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy technique and use excimer-laser pumped dye lasers to search for the first time the {sup 1}P{sub 1} level in {sup 254}No. Etalons will be used in the forthcoming experiments at GSI, Darmstadt, to narrow down the bandwidth of the dye lasers to 0.04 cm{sup -1}, for the determination of the isotope shift and hyperfine splitting of {sup 253,} {sup 255}No. In this talk results from preparatory hyperfine structure studies in nat. ytterbium and the perspectives for future experiments of the heaviest elements are discussed.

Measurement of the hyperfine structure of antihydrogen in a beam

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Widmann, E., E-mail: ew@antihydrogen.at; Diermaier, M. [Austrian Academy of Sciences, Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics (Austria); Juhasz, B. [Lufthansa Systems Hungaria Kft. (Hungary); Malbrunot, C.; Massiczek, O.; Sauerzopf, C.; Suzuki, K.; Wuenschek, B.; Zmeskal, J. [Austrian Academy of Sciences, Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics (Austria); Federmann, S. [CERN (Switzerland); Kuroda, N. [University of Tokyo, Institute of Physics (Japan); Ulmer, S.; Yamazaki, Y. [RIKEN Advanced Science Institute (Japan)

2013-03-15

A measurement of the hyperfine structure of antihydrogen promises one of the best tests of CPT symmetry. We describe an experiment planned at the Antiproton Decelerator of CERN to measure this quantity in a beam of slow antihydrogen atoms.

Hyperfine interactions in dilute Se doped Fe{sub x}Sb{sub 1−x} bulk alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sarkar, Mitesh, E-mail: miteshsarkar-msu@yahoo.com; Agrawal, Naveen [The M. S. University of Baroda, Department of Physics (India); Chawda, Mukesh [Polytechnic, The M. S. University of Baroda, Department of Applied Physics (India)

2016-12-15

Hyperfine Interaction technique like Moessbauer spectroscopy is a very sensitive tool to study the local probe interactions in Iron doped alloys and compounds. We report here the Moessbauer study of the effect of Fe concentration variations in dilute magnetic semiconducting Se{sub 0.004}Fe{sub x}Sb{sub 1−x} alloys for x = 0.002, 0.004 and 0.008. The materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), Neutron depolarization and Moessbauer spectroscopy. The FTIR result shows the semiconducting behavior of the alloys with band gap of 0.18 eV. From Moessbauer spectroscopy two magnetic sites (A and B) were observed. The value of hyperfine magnetic fields (HMF) of ∼ 308 kOe (site A) and 270 kOe (site B) was constant with increase in Fe concentration. A nonmagnetic interaction was also observed with quadrupole splitting (QS) of 1.26 mm/sec (site C) for x = 0.004 and x = 0.008. The Neutron depolarization studies indicate that the clusters of Fe or Fe based compounds having net magnetic moments with a size greater than 100 Å is absent.

Muon transfer from muonic hydrogen to heavier atoms; Transfert de charge muonique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dupays, A

2004-06-01

This work concerns muon transfer from muonic hydrogen to heavier atoms. Recently, a method of measurement of the hyperfine structure of ground-state muonic hydrogen based on the collision energy dependence of the muon transfer rate to oxygen has been proposed. This proposal is based on measurements which where performed at the Paul Scherrer Institute in the early nineties which indicate that the muon transfer from muonic hydrogen to oxygen increases by a factor of 4 going from thermal to 0.12 eV energies. The motivation of our calculations was to confirm this behaviour. To study the collision energy dependence of the muon transfer rate, we have used a time-independent close-coupling method. We have set up an hyperspherical elliptic formalism valid for nonzero total angular momentum which allows accurate computations of state-to-state reactive and charge exchange processes. We have applied this formalism to muon-transfer process to oxygen and neon. The comparison with experimental results is in both cases excellent. Finally, the neon transfer rate dependence with energy suggests to use neon instead of oxygen to perform a measurement of the hyperfine structure of muonic hydrogen. The results of accurate calculations of the muon transfer rates from muonic protium and deuterium atoms to nitrogen, oxygen and neon are also reported. Very good agreement with measured rates is obtained and for the three systems, the isotopic effect is perfectly reproduced. (author)

RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELING OF THE ENIGMATIC SCATTERING POLARIZATION IN THE SOLAR Na i D{sub 1} LINE

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Belluzzi, Luca [Istituto Ricerche Solari Locarno, CH-6605 Locarno Monti (Switzerland); Bueno, Javier Trujillo [Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife (Spain); Degl’Innocenti, Egidio Landi [Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Firenze, I-50125 Firenze (Italy)

2015-12-01

The modeling of the peculiar scattering polarization signals observed in some diagnostically important solar resonance lines requires the consideration of the detailed spectral structure of the incident radiation field as well as the possibility of ground level polarization, along with the atom's hyperfine structure and quantum interference between hyperfine F-levels pertaining either to the same fine structure J-level, or to different J-levels of the same term. Here we present a theoretical and numerical approach suitable for solving this complex non-LTE radiative transfer problem. This approach is based on the density-matrix metalevel theory (where each level is viewed as a continuous distribution of sublevels) and on accurate formal solvers of the transfer equations and efficient iterative methods. We show an application to the D-lines of Na i, with emphasis on the enigmatic D{sub 1} line, pointing out the observable signatures of the various physical mechanisms considered. We demonstrate that the linear polarization observed in the core of the D{sub 1} line may be explained by the effect that one gets when the detailed spectral structure of the anisotropic radiation responsible for the optical pumping is taken into account. This physical ingredient is capable of introducing significant scattering polarization in the core of the Na i D{sub 1} line without the need for ground-level polarization.

Measurement of a heavy-hole hyperfine interaction in InGaAs quantum dots using resonance fluorescence.

Science.gov (United States)

Fallahi, P; Yilmaz, S T; Imamoğlu, A

2010-12-17

We measure the strength and the sign of hyperfine interaction of a heavy hole with nuclear spins in single self-assembled quantum dots. Our experiments utilize the locking of a quantum dot resonance to an incident laser frequency to generate nuclear spin polarization. By monitoring the resulting Overhauser shift of optical transitions that are split either by electron or exciton Zeeman energy with respect to the locked transition using resonance fluorescence, we find that the ratio of the heavy-hole and electron hyperfine interactions is -0.09 ± 0.02 in three quantum dots. Since hyperfine interactions constitute the principal decoherence source for spin qubits, we expect our results to be important for efforts aimed at using heavy-hole spins in quantum information processing.

Theory of trapping of muon and muonium and associated hyperfine interactions in the organic ferromagnet p-NPNN (β-phase)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jeong, J.; Briere, T.M.; Ohira, S.; Sahoo, N.; Nishiyama, K.; Nagamine, K.; Das, T.P.

2003-01-01

The ab initio unrestricted Hartree-Fock procedure has been applied to determine the trapping sites for the positive muon and muonium in β-phase ferromagnetic para-nitrophenyl nitronyl nitroxide and to calculate the associated electronic wave functions from which the corresponding contact and dipolar terms in the spin Hamiltonians have been obtained. For muonium, trapping sites were found near the oxygens of the two NO groups, resulting in a singlet electronic state for the overall molecular system, and also near the two oxygens of the NO 2 group, resulting in a triplet state for the overall system. For the muon a total of four trapping sites was found, corresponding to the oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the two NO groups. Using the easy axis along the b-axis of the orthorhombic sublattice, as found from muon spin rotation (μSR) measurements, and the calculated magnetic hyperfine interaction parameters, the observed 2.1 MHz zero-field μSR signal is assigned to the singlet state corresponding to muonium trapping near the oxygen of one of the NO groups. The large hyperfine constant of about 400 MHz inferred from longitudinal field repolarization measurements is assigned to a positive muon trapped near the nitrogen atom of one of the NO groups

Near-field radiative heat transfer between clusters of dielectric nanoparticles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dong, J.; Zhao, J.M.; Liu, L.H.

2017-01-01

In this work, we explore the near-field radiative heat transfer between two clusters of silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles using the many-body radiative heat transfer theory. The effects of fractal dimension of clusters, many-body interaction between nanoparticles and relative orientation of clusters on the thermal conductance are studied. Meanwhile, the applicability of the equivalent volume spheres (EVS) approximation for near-field radiative heat transfer between clusters is examined. It is observed that the thermal conductance is larger for clusters with larger fractal dimension, which is more significant in the near-field. The thermal conductance of EVS resembles that of the clusters, but EVS overestimates the conductance of clusters, especially in the near-field. Compared to the case of two nanoparticles, the conductance of nanoparticle clusters decays much slower with increasing distance in the near-field, but shares similar dependence on the distance in the far-field. The thermal conductance of SiC nanoparticle clusters is inhibited by the many-body interaction when surface phonon polariton is supported but enhanced at frequencies close to the resonance frequency. The total thermal conductance is decreased due to many-body interaction among particles in the cluster. The relative orientation between the clusters is also an important factor in the near-field, especially for clusters with lower fractal dimension. - Highlights: • Near-field radiative heat transfer between clusters of nanoparticles is studied. • The many-body radiative heat transfer theory is applied for rigorous analysis. • The accuracy of equivalent volume spheres approximation is examined. • Clusters with larger fractal dimension have larger radiative thermal conductance. • Many-body interaction inhibits the total radiative thermal conductance.

Hyperfine structure in 229gTh3+ as a probe of the 229gTh→ 229mTh nuclear excitation energy.

Science.gov (United States)

Beloy, K

2014-02-14

We identify a potential means to extract the 229gTh→ 229mTh nuclear excitation energy from precision microwave spectroscopy of the 5F(5/2,7/2) hyperfine manifolds in the ion 229gTh3+. The hyperfine interaction mixes this ground fine structure doublet with states of the nuclear isomer, introducing small but observable shifts to the hyperfine sublevels. We demonstrate how accurate atomic structure calculations may be combined with the measurement of the hyperfine intervals to quantify the effects of this mixing. Further knowledge of the magnetic dipole decay rate of the isomer, as recently reported, allows an indirect determination of the nuclear excitation energy.

Maximal near-field radiative heat transfer between two plates

OpenAIRE

Nefzaoui, Elyes; Ezzahri, Younès; Drevillon, Jérémie; Joulain, Karl

2013-01-01

International audience; Near-field radiative transfer is a promising way to significantly and simultaneously enhance both thermo-photovoltaic (TPV) devices power densities and efficiencies. A parametric study of Drude and Lorentz models performances in maximizing near-field radiative heat transfer between two semi-infinite planes separated by nanometric distances at room temperature is presented in this paper. Optimal parameters of these models that provide optical properties maximizing the r...

Determination of hyperfine-induced transition rates from observations of a planetary nebula.

Science.gov (United States)

Brage, Tomas; Judge, Philip G; Proffitt, Charles R

2002-12-31

Observations of the planetary nebula NGC3918 made with the STIS instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope reveal the first unambiguous detection of a hyperfine-induced transition 2s2p 3P(o)(0)-->2s2 1S0 in the berylliumlike emission line spectrum of N IV at 1487.89 A. A nebular model allows us to confirm a transition rate of 4x10(-4) sec(-1)+/-33% for this line. The measurement represents the first independent confirmation of the transition rate of hyperfine-induced lines in low ionization stages, and it provides support for the techniques used to compute these transitions for the determination of very low densities and isotope ratios.

Host material induced hyperfine structure of F{sup +} centres EPR spectra in CaS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seeman, Viktor, E-mail: viktor.seeman@ut.ee; Dolgov, Sergei; Maaroos, Aarne

2017-05-15

The hyperfine structure (HFS) of F{sup +} centres in CaS single crystals due to the interaction with {sup 33}S and {sup 43}Ca nuclei was observed in EPR spectra for the first time. Angular variations of the HFS were measured for rotation of magnetic field in {100} and {110} crystallographic planes. Using measured orientation-dependent EPR spectra and the EPR NMR program, the parameters of the spin Hamiltonian were determined. In case of {sup 33}S nucleus there is a strong dependence of the F{sup +} centre EPR spectrum on the quadrupole term whereas for {sup 43}Ca nucleus this dependence is insignificant.

Hyperfine structure in 5s4d 3D-5snf transitions of 87Sr

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bushaw, B.A.; Kluge, H.J.; Lantzsch, J.; Schwalbach, R.; Stenner, J.; Stevens, H.; Wendt, K.; Zimmer, K.

1993-01-01

The hyperfine spectra of the 5s4d 3 D 1 -5s20f, 5s4d 3 D 2 -5s23f, and 5s4d 3 D 3 -5s32f transitions of 87 Sr (I=9/2) have been measured by collinear fast beam laser spectroscopy. The structure in the upper configurations is highly perturbed by fine structure splitting that is of comparable size to the hyperfine interaction energy. These perturbations can be adequately treated with conventional matrix diagonalization methods, using the 5s-electron magnetic dipole interaction term a 5s and the unperturbed fine structure splittings as input parameters. Additionally, hyperfine constants for the lower 5s4d 3 D configurations, including the A- and B-factors and a separation of the individual s- and d-electron contributions to these factors, are derived. (orig.)

Magnetism and Hyperfine Parameters in Iron Rich Gd_2Fe_{17-x}Si_x Intermetallics

Science.gov (United States)

Nouri, K.; Bartoli, T.; Chrobak, A.; Moscovici, J.; Bessais, L.

2018-04-01

Gd_2Fe_{17-x}Si_x (x = 0.25 , 0.5 and 1) samples were synthesized by arc melting and annealed at 1073 K for 1 week. X-ray diffraction analysis by the Rietveld method has shown that these materials crystallize in the rhombohedral Th_2Zn_{17} -type structure (space group R\\bar{3}m ). The Curie temperature increases with Si content x, whereas the unit-cell parameters decrease slightly. The temperature dependence of magnetization data revealed that Gd_2Fe_{17-x}Si_x exhibits a second-order ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transition in the vicinity of the Curie temperature. Exchange coupling parameters of R-R, M-M and R-M (R—rare earth, M—transition metal) have been determined from M(T) magnetization curves based on the mean field theory calculation. The magnetic entropy change Δ S_M and the relative cooling power were estimated from isothermal magnetization curves for all samples. In the proximity of {T}_C and in an applied field of 1.56 T, Δ S_M reached a maximum values of 1.38, 1.67 and 3.07 J/kg K for x = 0.25, 0.5 and 1, respectively. We have calculated the magnetic moment per Fe atom from magnetization measurements at 293 K up to 17 kOe, and it decreases with Si content. These results are verified by the Mössbauer spectrometry measurements obtained at the same temperature. The Mössbauer spectra analysis is based on the correlation between the Wigner-Seitz volume and the isomer-shift evolution of each specific site 6c, 9d, 18f, and 18h of the R\\bar{3} m structure. For all Si concentrations, the magnitude of the hyperfine fields are {H_HF}{6c} > {H_HF}{9d} > {H_HF}{18f} > {H_HF}{18h} . The mean hyperfine field decreases with the Si content.

Improving the calculation of electron paramagnetic resonance hyperfine coupling tensors for d-block metals

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hedegård, Erik Donovan; Kongsted, Jacob; Sauer, Stephan P. A.

2012-01-01

Calculation of hyperfine coupling constants (HFCs) of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance from first principles can be a beneficial compliment to experimental data in cases where the molecular structure is unknown. We have recently investigated basis set convergence of HFCs in d-block complexes...... and obtained a set of basis functions for the elements Sc–Zn, which were saturated with respect to both the Fermi contact and spin-dipolar components of the hyperfine coupling tensor [Hedeg°ard et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput., 2011, 7, pp. 4077-4087]. Furthermore, a contraction scheme was proposed leading...

Study of the hyperfine magnetic field acting on Ce probes substituting for the rare earth and the magnetic ordering in intermetallic compounds RAg (R=rare earth) by first principles calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pereira, Luciano Fabricio Dias

2006-01-01

In this work the magnetic hyperfine field acting on Ce atoms substituting the rare-earths in R Ag compounds (R = Gd e Nd) was studied by means of first-principles electronic structure calculations. The employed method was the Augmented Plane Waves plus local orbitals (APW+lo), embodied in the WIEN2k program, within the framework of the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and with the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) for the exchange and correlation potential. The super-cell approach was utilized in order to simulate for the Ce atoms acting as impurities in the R Ag matrix. In order to improve for correlation effects within the 4f shells, a Hubbard term was added to the DFT Hamiltonian, within a procedure called GGA+U. It was found that the magnetic hyperfine field (MHF) generated by the Ce 4f electron is the main component of the total MHF and that the Ce 4f ground state level is probably a combination of the m l = -2 and m l = -1 sub-levels. In addition, the ground-state magnetic structure was determined for Ho Ag and Nd Ag by observing the behavior of the total energy as a function of the lattice volume for several possible magnetic ordering in these compounds, namely, ferromagnetic, and the (0,0,π), (π,π,0) and ((π,π,π) types of anti-ferromagnetic ordering of rare-earth atoms. It was found that the ground-state magnetic structure is anti-ferromagnetic of type (π,π,0) for both, the Ho Ag and Nd Ag compounds. The energy difference of the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ordering is very small in the case of the Nd Ag compound. (author)

Isotope effects in interstellar molecules by chemical hyperfine interaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haberkorn, R.; Michel-Beyerle, M.E.

1977-01-01

If free radicals recombine on grain surfaces, not only the different masses of isotopes but also their differing nuclear spin moments (e.g. 12 C/ 13 C, 14 N/ 15 N, 17 O/ 18 O) may imply variations in the recombination probability due to hyperfine interaction. This mechanism has not been accounted for so far. (orig.) [de

Calculation of hyperfine structure constants of small molecules using

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The Z-vector method in the relativistic coupled-cluster framework is employed to calculate the parallel and perpendicular components of the magnetic hyperfine structure constant of a few small alkaline earth hydrides (BeH, MgH, and CaH) and fluorides (MgF and CaF). We have compared our Z-vector results with the values ...

Pure nuclear reflexes and combined hyperfine interactions in YIG

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Winkler, H; Eisberg, R; Alp, E; Rueffer, R; Gerdau, E; Lauer, S; Trautwein, A X; Grodzicki, M; Vera, A

1983-01-01

Moessbauer spectra of oriented YIG single crystals were taken and the numerical analysis using the transmission integral yielded a consistent set of hyperfine interaction parameters. They are in good agreement with theoretical values obtained by MO-calculations which included clusters up to 62 ions. Finally pure nuclear reflexes are predicted for single crystals and two theoretical spectra are given.

Elucidation of electronic structure by the analysis of hyperfine interactions: The MnH A 7Π-X 7Sigma + (0,0) band

Science.gov (United States)

Varberg, Thomas D.; Field, Robert W.; Merer, Anthony J.

1991-08-01

We present a complete analysis of the hyperfine structure of the MnH A 7Π-X 7Σ+ (0,0) band near 5680 Å, studied with sub-Doppler resolution by intermodulated fluorescence spectroscopy. Magnetic hyperfine interactions involving both the 55Mn (I=5/2) and 1H (I=1/2) nuclear spins are observed as well as 55Mn electric quadrupole effects. The manganese Fermi contact interaction in the X 7Σ+ state is the dominant contributor to the observed hyperfine splittings; the ΔF=0, ΔN=0, ΔJ=±1 matrix elements of this interaction mix the electron spin components of the ground state quite strongly at low N, destroying the ``goodness'' of J as a quantum number and inducing rotationally forbidden, ΔJ=±2 and ±3 transitions. The hyperfine splittings of over 50 rotational transitions covering all 7 spin components of both states were analyzed and fitted by least squares, allowing the accurate determination of 14 different hyperfine parameters. Using single electronic configurations to describe the A 7Π and X 7Σ+ states and Herman-Skillman atomic radial wave functions to represent the molecular orbitals, we calculated a priori values for the 55Mn and 1H hyperfine parameters which agree closely with experiment. We show that the five high-spin coupled Mn 3d electrons do not contribute to the manganese hyperfine structure but are responsible for the observed proton magnetic dipolar couplings. Furthermore, the results suggest that the Mn 3d electrons are not significantly involved in bonding and demonstrate that the molecular hyperfine interactions may be quantitatively understood using simple physical interpretations.

g-factor of the 9/2+ isomeric state in 65Ni from transfer reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Georgiev, G.; Matea, I.; Balabanski, D.L.; Daugas, J.M.; Meot, V.; Morel, P.; Oliveira Santos, F. de; Lewitowicz, M.; Franchoo, S.; Ibrahim, F.; Le Blanc, F.; Sorlin, O.; Stanoiu, M.; Verney, D.; Lo Bianco, G.; Saltarelli, A.; Lukyanov, S.; Penionzhkevich, Yu.E.; Neyens, G.; Vermeulen, N.; Yordanov, D.; Tarisien, M.

2006-01-01

We report a measurement of the g-factor of the I π =9/2 + , t 1/2 =22 ns isomer in 65 Ni. The state of interest was populated and spin-oriented using a single-neutron transfer on an enriched 64 Ni target. The value, which was obtained, g(9/2 + , 65m Ni)=-0.296(3) is well in agreement with the g-factors of the other 9/2 + states in the region and with large-basis shell model calculations. The known g-factor of the 9/2 + isomer in 63 Ni was used in order to verify the strength of the hyperfine field of Ni(Ni) at room temperature. (orig.)

Maximal near-field radiative heat transfer between two plates

Science.gov (United States)

Nefzaoui, Elyes; Ezzahri, Younès; Drévillon, Jérémie; Joulain, Karl

2013-09-01

Near-field radiative transfer is a promising way to significantly and simultaneously enhance both thermo-photovoltaic (TPV) devices power densities and efficiencies. A parametric study of Drude and Lorentz models performances in maximizing near-field radiative heat transfer between two semi-infinite planes separated by nanometric distances at room temperature is presented in this paper. Optimal parameters of these models that provide optical properties maximizing the radiative heat flux are reported and compared to real materials usually considered in similar studies, silicon carbide and heavily doped silicon in this case. Results are obtained by exact and approximate (in the extreme near-field regime and the electrostatic limit hypothesis) calculations. The two methods are compared in terms of accuracy and CPU resources consumption. Their differences are explained according to a mesoscopic description of nearfield radiative heat transfer. Finally, the frequently assumed hypothesis which states a maximal radiative heat transfer when the two semi-infinite planes are of identical materials is numerically confirmed. Its subsequent practical constraints are then discussed. Presented results enlighten relevant paths to follow in order to choose or design materials maximizing nano-TPV devices performances.

Mixing of the lowest-lying qqq configurations with JP =1/2- in different hyperfine interaction models

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Jia; An, Chunsheng; Chen, Hong

2018-02-01

We investigate mixing of the lowest-lying qqq configurations with JP = 1/2- caused by the hyperfine interactions between quarks mediated by Goldstone Boson Exchange, One Gluon Exchange, and both Goldstone Boson and One Gluon exchange, respectively. The first orbitally excited nucleon, Σ, Λ and Ξ states are considered. Contributions of both the contact term and tensor term are taken into account. Our numerical results show that mixing of the studied configurations in the two employed hyperfine interaction models are very different. Therefore, the present results, which should affect the strong and electromagnetic decays of baryon resonances, may be used to examine the present employed hyperfine interaction models. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11675131,11645002), Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (cstc2015jcyjA00032) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (SWU115020)

Hyperfine electric parameters calculation in Si samples implanted with {sup 57}Mn→{sup 57}Fe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abreu, Y., E-mail: yabreu@ceaden.edu.cu [Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Calle 30 No. 502 e/5ta y 7ma Ave., 11300 Miramar, Playa, La Habana (Cuba); Cruz, C.M.; Piñera, I.; Leyva, A.; Cabal, A.E. [Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Calle 30 No. 502 e/5ta y 7ma Ave., 11300 Miramar, Playa, La Habana (Cuba); Van Espen, P. [Departement Chemie, Universiteit Antwerpen, Middelheimcampus, G.V.130, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen (Belgium); Van Remortel, N. [Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, Middelheimcampus, G.U.236, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen (Belgium)

2014-07-15

Nowadays the electronic structure calculations allow the study of complex systems determining the hyperfine parameters measured at a probe atom, including the presence of crystalline defects. The hyperfine electric parameters have been measured by Mössbauer spectroscopy in silicon materials implanted with {sup 57}Mn→{sup 57}Fe ions, observing four main contributions to the spectra. Nevertheless, some ambiguities still remain in the {sup 57}Fe Mössbauer spectra interpretation in this case, regarding the damage configurations and its evolution with annealing. In the present work several implantation environments are evaluated and the {sup 57}Fe hyperfine parameters are calculated. The observed correlation among the studied local environments and the experimental observations is presented, and a tentative microscopic description of the behavior and thermal evolution of the characteristic defects local environments of the probe atoms concerning the location of vacancies and interstitial Si in the neighborhood of {sup 57}Fe ions in substitutional and interstitial sites is proposed.

Electrical detection of hyperfine interactions in silicon

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hoehne, Felix

2012-12-15

The main focus of this work was the measurement of hyperfine interactions of defects in silicon using EDMR. We combined the high sensitivity of EDMR when compared to conventional ESR with the two most commonly used methods for the measurement of hyperfine interactions: ESEEM and ENDOR. We first demonstrated the electrical detection of ESEEM by measuring the hyperfine interactions of {sup 31}P donors in Si:P with {sup 29}Si nuclear spins. We then apply EDESEEM to P{sub b0} defects at the Si/SiO{sub 2} interface. In isotopically engineered, we observe an ESEEM modulation with a characteristic beating caused by {sup 29}Si nuclei at 4th and 5th nearest neighbor lattice sites. Then we combine pulsed ENDOR with the high sensitivity of EDMR (EDENDOR). First we demonstrate the measurement of {sup 31}P nuclear spin hyperfine transitions and the coherent manipulation and readout of the {sup 31}P nuclear spins under continuous illumination with above bandgap light. We further show that the EDENDOR method can be greatly improved by switching off the illumination during the microwave and rf pulses. This improves the signal-to-noise ratio by two orders of magnitude and removes the non-resonant background induced by the strong rf pulse allowing to measure ENDOR with a sensitivity <3000 nuclear spins. We apply EDENDOR to the {sup 31}P-P{sub b0} spin system and the {sup 31}P-SL1 spin system allowing us to compare the hyperfine interactions of bulk and interface-near donors. The pulsed illumination also makes spectroscopy of the {sup 31}P{sup +} nuclear spin possible, which due to its long coherence time of 18 ms compared to 280 {mu}s for the {sup 31}P{sub 0} nuclear spin, might be a candidate for a nuclear spin memory. In the last part, we devise a scheme for the hyperpolarization of {sup 31}P nuclei by combining pulsed optical excitation and pulsed ENDOR and demonstrate a {sup 31}P nuclear spin polarization of more than 50%. Crucial for these experiments was the development of a

Electrical detection of hyperfine interactions in silicon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoehne, Felix

2012-01-01

The main focus of this work was the measurement of hyperfine interactions of defects in silicon using EDMR. We combined the high sensitivity of EDMR when compared to conventional ESR with the two most commonly used methods for the measurement of hyperfine interactions: ESEEM and ENDOR. We first demonstrated the electrical detection of ESEEM by measuring the hyperfine interactions of 31 P donors in Si:P with 29 Si nuclear spins. We then apply EDESEEM to P b0 defects at the Si/SiO 2 interface. In isotopically engineered, we observe an ESEEM modulation with a characteristic beating caused by 29 Si nuclei at 4th and 5th nearest neighbor lattice sites. Then we combine pulsed ENDOR with the high sensitivity of EDMR (EDENDOR). First we demonstrate the measurement of 31 P nuclear spin hyperfine transitions and the coherent manipulation and readout of the 31 P nuclear spins under continuous illumination with above bandgap light. We further show that the EDENDOR method can be greatly improved by switching off the illumination during the microwave and rf pulses. This improves the signal-to-noise ratio by two orders of magnitude and removes the non-resonant background induced by the strong rf pulse allowing to measure ENDOR with a sensitivity 31 P-P b0 spin system and the 31 P-SL1 spin system allowing us to compare the hyperfine interactions of bulk and interface-near donors. The pulsed illumination also makes spectroscopy of the 31 P + nuclear spin possible, which due to its long coherence time of 18 ms compared to 280 μs for the 31 P 0 nuclear spin, might be a candidate for a nuclear spin memory. In the last part, we devise a scheme for the hyperpolarization of 31 P nuclei by combining pulsed optical excitation and pulsed ENDOR and demonstrate a 31 P nuclear spin polarization of more than 50%. Crucial for these experiments was the development of a lock-in detection scheme for pEDMR, which improves the signal-to-noise ratio by one order of magnitude by removing low

1H NMR spectra of vertebrate [2Fe-2S] ferredoxins. Hyperfine resonances suggest different electron delocalization patterns from plant ferredoxins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skjeldal, L.; Markley, J.L.; Coghlan, V.M.; Vickery, L.E.

1991-01-01

The authors report the observation of paramagnetically shifted (hyperfine) proton resonances from vertebrate mitochondrial [2Fe-2S] ferredoxins. The hyperfine signals of human, bovine, and chick [2Fe-2S] ferredoxins are described and compared with those of Anabena 7120 vegetative ferredoxin, a plant-type [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin studied previously. The hyperfine resonances of the three vertebrate ferredoxins were very similar to one another both in the oxidized state and in the reduced state, and slow (on the NMR scale) electron self-exchange was observed in partially reduced samples. For the oxidized vertebrate ferredoxins, hyperfine signals were observed downfield of the diamagnetic envelope from +13 to +50 ppm, and the general pattern of peaks and their anti-Curie temperature dependence are similar to those observed for the oxidized plant-type ferredoxins. For the reduced vertebrate ferredoxins, hyperfine signals were observed for the oxidized plant-type ferredoxins. For the reduced vertebrate ferredoxins, hyperfine signals were observed both upfield (-2 to -18 ppm) and downfield (+15 to +45 ppm), and all were found to exhibit Curie-type temperature dependence. These results indicate that the contact-shifted resonances in the reduced vertebrate ferredoxins detect different spin magnetization from those in the reduced plant ferredoxins and suggest that plant and vertebrate ferredoxins have fundamentally different patterns of electron delocalization in the reduced [2Fe-2S] center

Kinetic models in spin chemistry. 1. The hyperfine interaction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mojaza, M.; Pedersen, J. B.

2012-01-01

Kinetic models for quantum systems are quite popular due to their simplicity, although they are difficult to justify. We show that the transformation from quantum to kinetic description can be done exactly for the hyperfine interaction of one nuclei with arbitrary spin; more spins are described w...... induced enhancement of the reaction yield. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved....

High-field Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization in silicon below the metal-insulator transition.

Science.gov (United States)

Dementyev, Anatoly E; Cory, David G; Ramanathan, Chandrasekhar

2011-04-21

Single crystal silicon is an excellent system to explore dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), as it exhibits a continuum of properties from metallic to insulating as a function of doping concentration and temperature. At low doping concentrations DNP has been observed to occur via the solid effect, while at very high-doping concentrations an Overhauser mechanism is responsible. Here we report the hyperpolarization of (29)Si in n-doped silicon crystals, with doping concentrations in the range of (1-3) × 10(17) cm(-3). In this regime exchange interactions between donors become extremely important. The sign of the enhancement in our experiments and its frequency dependence suggest that the (29)Si spins are directly polarized by donor electrons via an Overhauser mechanism within exchange-coupled donor clusters. The exchange interaction between donors only needs to be larger than the silicon hyperfine interaction (typically much smaller than the donor hyperfine coupling) to enable this Overhauser mechanism. Nuclear polarization enhancement is observed for a range of donor clusters in which the exchange energy is comparable to the donor hyperfine interaction. The DNP dynamics are characterized by a single exponential time constant that depends on the microwave power, indicating that the Overhauser mechanism is a rate-limiting step. Since only about 2% of the silicon nuclei are located within 1 Bohr radius of the donor electron, nuclear spin diffusion is important in transferring the polarization to all the spins. However, the spin-diffusion time is much shorter than the Overhauser time due to the relatively weak silicon hyperfine coupling strength. In a 2.35 T magnetic field at 1.1 K, we observed a DNP enhancement of 244 ± 84 resulting in a silicon polarization of 10.4 ± 3.4% following 2 h of microwave irradiation.

Progress towards antihydrogen hyperfine spectroscopy in a beam

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Widmann, Eberhard [Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Vienna (Austria); Collaboration: ASACUSA CUSP collaboration

2014-07-01

The spectroscopy of antihydrogen promises one of the most precise tests of CPT symmetry. The ASACUSA CUSP collaboration at the Antiproton Decelerator of CERN is preparing an experiment to measure the ground-state hyperfine structure GS-HFS of antihydrogen, since this quantity is one of the most precisely determined transitions in ordinary hydrogen (relative accuracy ∝10{sup -12}). The experiment uses a Rabi-type atomic beam apparatus consisting of a source of spin-polarized antihydrogen (a so-called cusp trap), a microwave cavity to induce a spin flip, a superconducting sextuple magnet for spin analysis, and an antihydrogen detector. In this configuration, a relative accuracy of better than 10{sup -6} can be obtained. This precision will already allow to be sensitive to finite size effects of the antiproton, provided its magnetic moment will measured to higher precision, which is in progress by two collaborations at the AD. The recent progress in producing a beam of antihydrogen atoms and in the development of the apparatus as well as ways to further improve the accuracy by using the Ramsey method of separated oscillatory fields are presented.

Hyperfine structure studies with the COMPLIS facility

CERN Document Server

Crawford, J E; Le Blanc, F; Lunney, M D; Obert, J; Oms, J; Putaux, J C; Roussière, B; Sauvage, J; Zemlyanoi, S G; Verney, D; Pinard, J; Cabaret, L A; Duong, H T; Huber, G; Krieg, M; Sebastian, V; Girod, M; Peru, S; Genevey, J; Ibrahim, F; Lettry, Jacques

1998-01-01

COMPLIS is an experimental facility designed to carry out spectroscopic studies on radioisotopes produced by disintegration of elements available at CERN's Booster-ISOLDE on-line isotope separator. During recent series of experimental runs, hyperfine structure measurements have yielded information on nuclear moments and deformations of platinum and iridium isotopes, For the first time, population by alpha -decay from Hg was exploited to investigate /sup 178/-/sup 181/Pt-the most neutron-deficient Pt isotopes yet studied. Successful measurements have recently been carried out on /sup 182-189/Ir. (10 refs).

Hyperfine interactions in MnAs studied by perturbed angular correlations of $\\gamma$-rays using the probe $^{77}$Br $\\rightarrow ^{77}$Se and first principles calculations for MnAs and other Mn pnictides

CERN Document Server

Gonçalves, J N; Correia, J G; Lopes, A M L

2011-01-01

The MnAs compound shows a first-order transition at T$_{c}$≈ 42$^{\\circ}$C, and a second-order transition at T$_{t}$ ≈120$^{\\circ}$C. The first-order transition, with structural (hexagonal-orthorhombic), magnetic (FM-PM) and electrical conductivity changes, is associated to magnetocaloric, magnetoelastic, and magnetoresistance effects. We report a study in a large temperature range from −196$^{\\circ}$C up to 140$^{\\circ}$C, using the $\\gamma\\!-\\!\\gamma$ perturbed angular correlations method with the radioactive probe $^{77}$Br→$^{77}$Se, produced at the ISOLDE-CERN facility. The electric field gradients and magnetic hyperfine fields are determined across the first- and second-order phase transitions encompassing the pure and mixed phase regimes in cooling and heating cycles. The temperature irreversibility of the 1st order phase transition is seen locally, at the nanoscopic scale sensitivity of the hyperfine field, by its hysteresis, detailing and complementing information obtained with macroscopic me...

Mixed hyperfine interaction - a tool to investigate the short range order and the strange magnetic behaviour of amorphous Fe-based binary alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fries, S.M.; Crummenauer, J.; Gonser, U.; Schaaf, P.; Chien, C.L.

1989-01-01

The Moessbauer study of the mixed magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole interaction in the paramagnetic state of amorphous Fe-Zr and Fe-Hf alloys is presented. Strong evidence for chemical short range order of the iron-pure alloys is found. The hyperfine parameters of the iron-rich alloys are marked by a complex applied field and temperature dependence, suggesting a not negligible spin-correlation well above Tc. (orig.)

Ultra thin metallic coatings to control near field radiative heat transfer

Science.gov (United States)

Esquivel-Sirvent, R.

2016-09-01

We present a theoretical calculation of the changes in the near field radiative heat transfer between two surfaces due to the presence of ultra thin metallic coatings on semiconductors. Depending on the substrates, the radiative heat transfer is modulated by the thickness of the ultra thin film. In particular we consider gold thin films with thicknesses varying from 4 to 20 nm. The ultra-thin film has an insulator-conductor transition close to a critical thickness of dc = 6.4 nm and there is an increase in the near field spectral heat transfer just before the percolation transition. Depending on the substrates (Si or SiC) and the thickness of the metallic coatings we show how the near field heat transfer can be increased or decreased as a function of the metallic coating thickness. The calculations are based on available experimental data for the optical properties of ultrathin coatings.

Experimental and ab initio study of the hyperfine parameters of ZnFe {sub 2}O{sub 4} with defects

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Quintero, J. Melo; Salcedo Rodríguez, K. L.; Pasquevich, G. A.; Zélis, P. Mendoza; Stewart, S. J., E-mail: stewart@fisica.unlp.edu.ar; Rodríguez Torres, C. E.; Errico, L. A. [Universidad Nacional de La Plata, IFLP-CCT- La Plata-CONICET and Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, C. C. 67 (Argentina)

2016-12-15

We present a combined Mössbauer and ab initio study on the influence of oxygen-vacancies on the hyperfine and magnetic properties of the ZnFe {sub 2}O{sub 4} spinel ferrite. Samples with different degree of oxygen-vacancies were obtained from zinc ferrite powder that was thermally treated at different temperatures up to 650 {sup ∘}C under vacuum.Theoretical calculations of the hyperfine parameters, magnetic moments and magnetic alignment have been carried out considering different defects such as oxygen vacancies and cation inversion. We show how theoretical and experimental approaches are complementary to characterize the local structure around Fe atoms and interpret the observed changes in the hyperfine parameters as the level of defects increases.

Spectroscopy Apparatus for the Measurement of The Hyperfine Structure of Antihydrogen

CERN Document Server

Malbrunot, C.; Diermaier, M.; Dilaver, N.; Friedreich, S.; Kolbinger, B.; Lehner, S.; Lundmark, R.; Massiczek, O.; Radics, B.; Sauerzopf, C.; Simon, M.; Widmann, E.; Wolf, M.; Wünschek, B.; Zmeskal, J.

2014-02-04

The ASACUSA CUSP collaboration at the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) of CERN is planning to measure the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen using an atomic spectroscopy beamline. We describe here the latest developments on the spectroscopy apparatus developed to be coupled to the antihydrogen production setup (CUSP).

Moessbauer effect study of hyperfine interaction of /sup 161/Dy and /sup 151/Eu in tungsten bronzes Dysub(0. 18) WO/sub 3/ and Eusub(0. 18) WO/sub 3/

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kisynska, K

1979-01-01

The Moessbauer technique was used to investigate the hyperfine interaction of /sup 161/Dy and /sup 151/Eu in cubic rare earth tungsten bronzes: Dysub(0.18)WO/sub 3/ and Eusub(0.18)WO/sub 3/. Well resolved hfs spectrum was obtained at 4.2 K for Dysub(0.18)WO/sub 3/. The effective hf field approximation sufficed to interpret the spectrum. The obtained hyperfine interaction parameters were: -g/sub 0/..beta..sub(N)Hsub(eff)=(805+-19) Mc/s and e/sup 2/qQ/sub 0//4 = (506+-56) Mc/s. These results imply that ground doublet of Dy/sup +3/ ion in bronze is a Kramers doublet Vertical Bar+-15/2> with asymmetrical hyperfine tensor Asub(z) non equal to 0, Asub(x) = Asub(y) = 0 and that local crystalline field at RE metal in tungsten bronze at 4.2 K cannot be cubic. From ME absorption spectra of Eusub(0.18)WO/sub 3/ taken at 4.2 K, 78 K and 300 K the values of quadrupole interaction constants for bronze lattice and its temperature dependence were obtained. These data indicate that a phase transition from the high temperature ideal perovskite structure to a distorted one occurs in RE bronzes and that the distortion concerns the nearest tungsten-oxygen environment of RE ion.

The hyperfine structure constants for the 4s24p and 4s25s states of Ga

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Qingmin; Dong Chenzhong

2012-01-01

The hyperfine structure (hfs) constants for the states 4s 2 4p 2 P 1/2,3/2 and 4s 2 5s 2 S 1/2 of 71 Ga were calculated using the GRASP2K package based on the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) method. The results indicated that the core polarization effect was important for the hyperfine structure constants. (authors)

α-spectra hyperfine structure resolution by silicon planar detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eremin, V.K.; Verbitskaya, E.M.; Strokan, N.B.; Sukhanov, V.L.; Malyarenko, A.M.

1986-01-01

The lines with 13 keV step from the main one is α-spectra of nuclei with an odd number of nucleons take place. Silicon planar detectors n-Si with the operation surface of 10 mm 2 are developed for resolution of this hyperfine structure. The mechanism of losses in detectors for short-range-path particles is analyzed. The results of measurements from detectors with 10 keV resolution are presented

Investigation of hyperfine interactions in DNA nitrogenous bases using perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Andreia dos Santos; Carbonari, Artur Wilson; Lapolli, Andre Luis; Saxena, Rajendra Narain; Saitovitch, Henrique

2013-01-01

Perturbed γγ angular correlations (PAC) spectroscopy has been used to study the DNA nitrogenous bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine), using 111 In→ 111 Cd and 111m Cd→ 111 Cd probe nuclei. One of the advantages of applying PAC technique to biological molecules is that the experiments can be carried out on molecules in aqueous solution [1], approaching the function of molecules under conditions that are close to in vivo conditions. The measurements were carried out for DNA nitrogenous bases molecules at 295 K and 77 K in order to investigate dynamic and static hyperfine interactions, respectively. The interpretation of the results was based on the measurements of dynamic interaction characterized by the decay constant from which valuable information on the macroscopic behavior of the molecules was obtained [2; 3]. On the other hand, PAC measurements at low temperature showed interaction frequency (ν Q ), asymmetry parameter (η) and the distribution of the quadrupole frequency (δ). These parameters provide a local microscopic description of the chemical environment in the neighborhood of the probe nuclei. Results showed differences in the hyperfine interactions of probe nuclei bound to the studied biomolecules. Such differences were observed by variations in the hyperfine parameters, which depended on the type of biomolecule and the results also showed that the probe nuclei bounded at the molecules in some cases and at others did not. (author)

High-precision hyperfine structure measurement in slow atomic ion beams by collinear laser-rf double resonance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amarjit Sen; Childs, W.J.; Goodman, L.S.

1987-01-01

A new collinear laser-ion beam apparatus for slow ions (1 to 1.5 keV) has been built for measuring the hyperfine structure of metastable levels of ions with laser-rf double resonance technique. Narrow linewidths of ∼60 kHz (FWHM) have been observed for the first time in such systems. As a first application the hyperfine structure of the 4f 7 ( 8 S 0 )5d 9 D/sub J/ 0 metastable levels of /sup 151,153/Eu + has been measured with high precision. 10 refs., 8 figs

Active control of near-field radiative heat transfer between graphene-covered metamaterials

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Qimei; Zhou, Ting; Wang, Tongbiao; Liu, Wenxing; Liu, Jiangtao; Yu, Tianbao; Liao, Qinghua; Liu, Nianhua

2017-04-01

In this study, the near-field radiative heat transfer between graphene-covered metamaterials is investigated. The electric surface plasmons (SPs) supported by metamaterials can be coupled with the SPs supported by graphene. The near-field heat transfer between the graphene-covered metamaterials is significantly larger than that between metamaterials because of the strong coupling in our studied frequency range. The relationship between heat flux and chemical potential is studied for different vacuum gaps. Given that the chemical potential of graphene can be tuned by the external electric field, heat transfer can be actively controlled by modulating the chemical potential. The heat flux for certain vacuum gaps can reach a maximum value when the chemical potential is at a particular value. The results of this study are beneficial for actively controlling energy transfer.

Active control of near-field radiative heat transfer between graphene-covered metamaterials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao, Qimei; Zhou, Ting; Wang, Tongbiao; Liu, Wenxing; Liu, Jiangtao; Yu, Tianbao; Liao, Qinghua; Liu, Nianhua

2017-01-01

In this study, the near-field radiative heat transfer between graphene-covered metamaterials is investigated. The electric surface plasmons (SPs) supported by metamaterials can be coupled with the SPs supported by graphene. The near-field heat transfer between the graphene-covered metamaterials is significantly larger than that between metamaterials because of the strong coupling in our studied frequency range. The relationship between heat flux and chemical potential is studied for different vacuum gaps. Given that the chemical potential of graphene can be tuned by the external electric field, heat transfer can be actively controlled by modulating the chemical potential. The heat flux for certain vacuum gaps can reach a maximum value when the chemical potential is at a particular value. The results of this study are beneficial for actively controlling energy transfer. (paper)

Dynamic hyperfine interactions in {sup 111}In({sup 111}Cd)-doped ZnO semiconductor: PAC results supported by ab initio calculations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Munoz, Emiliano L., E-mail: munoz@fisica.unlp.edu.ar [Departamento de Fisica and Instituto de Fisica La Plata (IFLP, CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC 67, 1900 La Plata (Argentina); Mercurio, Marcio E.; Cordeiro, Moacir R.; Pereira, Luciano F.D.; Carbonari, Artur W. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas y Nucleares-IPEN-CNEN/SP, Sao Paulo (Brazil); Renteria, Mario [Departamento de Fisica and Instituto de Fisica La Plata (IFLP, CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC 67, 1900 La Plata (Argentina)

2012-08-15

In this work, we present results of Time-Differential {gamma}-{gamma} Perturbed-Angular-Correlations (PAC) experiments performed in {sup 111}Cd-doped ZnO semiconductor. The PAC technique has been applied in order to characterize the electric-field-gradient (EFG) tensor at ({sup 111}In (EC){yields}) {sup 111}Cd nuclei located, as was later demonstrated, at defect-free cation sites of the ZnO host structure. The PAC experiments were performed in the temperature range of 77-1075 K. At first glance, the unexpected presence of low-intensity dynamic hyperfine interactions was observed, which were analyzed with a perturbation factor based on the Baeverstam and Othaz model. The experimental EFG results were compared with ab initio calculations performed with the Full-Potential Augmented Plane Wave plus local orbital (FP-APW+lo) method, in the framework of the Density Functional Theory (DFT), using the Wien2K code. The presence of the dynamic hyperfine interactions has been analyzed enlightened by the FP-APW+lo calculations of the EFG performed as a function of the charge state of the cell. We could correlate the large strength of the dynamic hyperfine interaction with the strong variation of the EFG due to changes in the electronic charge distribution in the Cd vicinity during the time-window of the PAC measurement. It was also revealed that the Cd impurity decays to a final stable neutral charge state (Cd{sup 2+}) fast enough (in few ns) to produce the nearly undamped observed PAC spectra.

Accurate computation of transfer maps from magnetic field data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Venturini, Marco; Dragt, Alex J.

1999-01-01

Consider an arbitrary beamline magnet. Suppose one component (for example, the radial component) of the magnetic field is known on the surface of some imaginary cylinder coaxial to and contained within the magnet aperture. This information can be obtained either by direct measurement or by computation with the aid of some 3D electromagnetic code. Alternatively, suppose that the field harmonics have been measured by using a spinning coil. We describe how this information can be used to compute the exact transfer map for the beamline element. This transfer map takes into account all effects of real beamline elements including fringe-field, pseudo-multipole, and real multipole error effects. The method we describe automatically takes into account the smoothing properties of the Laplace-Green function. Consequently, it is robust against both measurement and electromagnetic code errors. As an illustration we apply the method to the field analysis of high-gradient interaction region quadrupoles in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)

First-principles calculations of Moessbauer hyperfine parameters for solids and large molecules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guenzburger, Diana; Ellis, D.E.; Zeng, Z.

1997-10-01

Electronic structure calculations based on Density Functional theory were performed for solids and large molecules. The solids were represented by clusters of 60-100 atoms embedded in the potential of the external crystal. Magnetic moments and Moessbauer hyperfine parameters were derived. (author)

Countering the stray magnetic field of the CUSP trap by using additional coils

CERN Document Server

Thole, Jelle

2016-01-01

The ASACUSA experiment at the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) at CERN tries to measure the Hyperfine Structure (HFS) of Antihydrogen (H ̄) using a Rabi spectroscopy set-up. In measuring this HFS it will yield a very precise test of CPT-symmetry. For this set-up to work a homogeneous magnetic field is needed in the cavity where the Hyperfine transition of H ̄ occurs. Due to the stray fields from the CUSP trap, where H ̄ is produced, additional coils are needed to counter these fields. It is found, using COMSOL simulations, that two coils are suitable for this. Leading to a relative standard deviation of the magnetic field of σB/B = 1.06%.

Muonium hyperfine structure : An analytical solution to perturbative calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wotzasek, C.J.; Gregorio, M.A.; Reinecke, S.

1982-01-01

The purely coulombian contribution to the terms of order E sub(F) (α 2 m sub(e)/m sub(μ))ln α - 1 of the hyperfine splitting of muonium is computed. Results agree with those of other authors. The goal of the work was twofold: first, to confirm that contribution; second, and perhaps more important, to check the analytic solution of the relativistic coulombian problem of the Bethe-Salpeter equation with instantaneous kernel. (Author) [pt

Weak-interaction contributions to hyperfine splitting and Lamb shift

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eides, M.I.

1996-01-01

Weak-interaction contributions to hyperfine splitting and the Lamb shift in hydrogen and muonium are discussed. The problem of sign of the weak-interaction contribution to HFS is clarified, and simple physical arguments that make this sign evident are presented. It is shown that weak-interaction contributions to HFS in hydrogen and muonium have opposite signs. A weak-interaction contribution to the Lamb shift is obtained. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society

In-beam measurement of the hydrogen hyperfine splitting and prospects for antihydrogen spectroscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Diermaier, M; Jepsen, C B; Kolbinger, B; Malbrunot, C; Massiczek, O; Sauerzopf, C; Simon, M C; Zmeskal, J; Widmann, E

2017-06-12

Antihydrogen, the lightest atom consisting purely of antimatter, is an ideal laboratory to study the CPT symmetry by comparison with hydrogen. With respect to absolute precision, transitions within the ground-state hyperfine structure (GS-HFS) are most appealing by virtue of their small energy separation. ASACUSA proposed employing a beam of cold antihydrogen atoms in a Rabi-type experiment, to determine the GS-HFS in a field-free region. Here we present a measurement of the zero-field hydrogen GS-HFS using the spectroscopy apparatus of ASACUSA's antihydrogen experiment. The measured value of ν HF =1,420,405,748.4(3.4) (1.6) Hz with a relative precision of 2.7 × 10 -9 constitutes the most precise determination of this quantity in a beam and verifies the developed spectroscopy methods for the antihydrogen HFS experiment to the p.p.b. level. Together with the recently presented observation of antihydrogen atoms 2.7 m downstream of the production region, the prerequisites for a measurement with antihydrogen are now available within the ASACUSA collaboration.

Hyperfine structure investigation of the first excited state 4Isub(13/2) (5,418-1) in Holmium-165 by the atomic beam resonance method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aldenhoven, R.

1976-01-01

By the method of atomic beam resonance the hyperfine structure of the first excited state 4 Isub(13/2) (5418 cm -1 ) of 165 Holmium was studied for the first time. Using a suitable ΔF = 0 transition, the gsub(J)-factor was measured. After a determination of estimates for the hyperfine constants A and B from two suitably chosen ΔF = 0 transitions, the hyperfine splittings have been measured. (orig./WL) [de

Hyperfine structure in 5s4d [sup 3]D-5snf transitions of [sup 87]Sr

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bushaw, B.A. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)); Kluge, H.J. (Mainz Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Physik); Lantzsch, J. (Mainz Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Physik); Schwalbach, R. (Mainz Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Physik); Stenner, J. (Mainz Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Physik); Stevens, H. (Mainz Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Physik); Wendt, K. (Mainz Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Physik); Zimmer, K. (Mainz Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Physik)

1993-12-01

The hyperfine spectra of the 5s4d[sup 3]D[sub 1]-5s20f, 5s4d[sup 3]D[sub 2]-5s23f, and 5s4d[sup 3]D[sub 3]-5s32f transitions of [sup 87]Sr (I=9/2) have been measured by collinear fast beam laser spectroscopy. The structure in the upper configurations is highly perturbed by fine structure splitting that is of comparable size to the hyperfine interaction energy. These perturbations can be adequately treated with conventional matrix diagonalization methods, using the 5s-electron magnetic dipole interaction term a[sub 5s] and the unperturbed fine structure splittings as input parameters. Additionally, hyperfine constants for the lower 5s4d[sup 3]D configurations, including the A- and B-factors and a separation of the individual s- and d-electron contributions to these factors, are derived. (orig.)

Study of coupled-cluster correlations on electromagnetic transitions and hyperfine structure constants of W VI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhowmik, Anal; Majumder, Sonjoy; Roy, Sourav; Dutta, Narendra Nath

2017-01-01

This work presents precise calculations of important electromagnetic transition amplitudes along with details of their many-body correlations using the relativistic coupled-cluster method. Studies of hyperfine interaction constants, useful for plasma diagnostics, with this correlation exhaustive many-body approach, are another important area of this work. The calculated oscillator strengths of allowed transitions, amplitudes of forbidden transitions and lifetimes are compared with the other theoretical results wherever available and they show a good agreement. Hyperfine constants of different isotopes of W VI, presented in this paper, will be helpful in gaining an accurate picture of the abundances of this element in different astronomical bodies. (paper)

International summer school on hyperfine interactions and physics with oriented nuclei - 1985. Pt.1,2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rotter, M.

1985-01-01

Part I and part II are presented of the contributions submitted to the International study meeting on physics with oriented nuclei and of papers from the International summer school on hyperfine interactions. The contributions and papers are devoted to the present status and further development of low temperature nuclear orientation of short-lived nuclei with emphasis on online techniques. The following topics are covered: nuclear orientation, NMR/ON, level mixing and level crossing resonances, laser spectroscopy, Moessbauer spectroscopy, polarization phenomena in low, medium and high energy physics, applications of hyperfine interaction techniques in nuclear physics, atomic physics, solid state physics, biology and materials research. (Z.J.)

NMR and domain wall mobility in intermetallic compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guimaraes, A.P.; Sampaio, L.C.; Cunha, S.F.; Alves, K.M.B.

1991-01-01

The technique of pulsed NMR can be used to study the distribution of hyperfine fields in a magnetic matrix. The dynamics of the domain walls are relevant to the generation of NMR signals. In the present study on the (R x Y 1-x ) Fe 2 intermetallic compounds, the reduction in the signals is associated to increased propagation fields. This indicates that a smaller domain wall mobility is at the origin of these effects. NMR spectra in this system show the importance of direct and indirect (i.e., mediated by Fe atoms) terms in the transferred hyperfine field. (author)

Heat transfer enhancement in a convective field by applying ionic wind

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tada, Y.; Takimoto, A.; Hayashi, Y.

1991-01-01

This paper reports that this study has been conducted to pursue the heat transfer enhancement in a convective field by applying electric field. Firstly, aimed at thinning boundary layer, swirl motions were caused by utilizing the ionic wind in a channel flow with parallel wire-electrode arrangement. Secondly, ionic wind was induced at right angle to the primary flow at regular intervals by using cross wire-electrode arrangement. Thirdly, to utilize the dynamical effect of adding particles under the Coulomb force, electric field was applied to gas-solid suspensions flow field. On the basis of these results, fundamental characteristics of the combined flow structure and the heat transfer in the EHD field were clarified, and the possibility of the practical application will be insighted

Hyperfine transition in 209Bi80+—one step forward

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sánchez, R; Andelkovic, Z; Geithner, W; König, K; Litvinov, Yu A; Maaß, B; Ullmann, J; Geppert, Ch; Gorges, Ch; Lochmann, M; Nörtershäuser, W; Schmidt, S; Vollbrecht, J; Hannen, V; Dax, A; Hammen, M; Kaufmann, S; Meisner, J; Schmidt, M; Murböck, T

2015-01-01

The hyperfine transitions in lithium-like and hydrogen-like bismuth were remeasured by direct laser spectroscopy at the experimental storage ring. For this we have now employed a voltage divider which enabled us to monitor the electron cooler voltage in situ. This will improve the experimental accuracy by about one order of magnitude with respect to our previous measurement using the same technique. (paper)

Development of atomic spectroscopy technologies - Hyperfine structure of 2 period atoms using optogalvanic effects

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kwon, Nam Ic [Hankuk University of foreign studies, Seoul (Korea)

2000-03-01

The source of anomalous broad linewidth of 3{sup 3}P{sub 1},{sub 2},{sub 3}-3{sup 3}D{sub 2},{sub 3},4(3s') transition was explained. The broad optogalvanic spectrum was consisted of two gaussian peaks of different linewidths, and they are separated by 250 MHz. The Narrow peak, which has linewidth of room temperature, is from oxygen atoms already separated, and the shifted broad peak, which has linewidth corresponding to a temperature of 9000 K, is from weakly bound molecular ions. Obtained hyperfine spectrum of fluorine atom at the expected frequency, was too weak to analyze hyperfine structure constants. Microwave discharge might be necessary for higher density of excited state. 16 refs., 11 figs. (Author)

Resolved nuclear hyperfine structure of muonium in CuCl by means of muon level-crossing resonance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, J.W.; Keller, H.; Odermatt, W.; Puempin, B.; Savic, I.M.; Simmler, H.; Dodds, S.A.; Estle, T.L.; Duvarney, R.C.; Chow, K.; Kadono, R.; Kiefl, R.F.; Li, Q.; Riseman, T.M.; Zhou, H.; Lichti, R.L.; Schwab, C.

1991-01-01

Detailed muon level-crossing resonance measurements of Mu I and Mu II centres in single crystals of CuCl are presented. The hyperfine and nuclear hyperfine parameters of the closest two shells of nuclei are remarkably similar for the two centres, indicating that both are located at the same tetrahedral interstitial site with four Cu nearest neighbours and six Cl next-nearest neighbours. About 30% of the total unpaired-electron spin density is located on the muon, about 60% on the four nearest neighbours and the rest on the six next-nearest neighbours, with nothing observable for any other shell. (orig.)

Design and development of high-resolution atomic beam fluorescence spectroscopy facility for isotope shift and hyperfine structure measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Acharyulu, G.V.S.G.; Sankari, M.; Kiran Kumar, P.V.; Suryanarayana, M.V.

2012-01-01

A high-resolution atomic beam fluorescence spectroscopy facility for the determination of isotope shifts and hyperfine structure in atomic species has been designed and developed. A resistively heated graphite tube atomic beam source was designed, tested and integrated into a compact interaction chamber for atomic beam fluorescence experiments. The design of the laser-atom interaction chamber and the source has been modified in a phased manner so as to achieve sub-Doppler resolution. The system has been used to record the hyperfine spectrum of the D2 transitions of Rb and K isotopes. The spectral resolution achieved is ∼ 26 MHz and is adequate to carry out high resolution measurement of isotope shifts and hyperfine structure of various atomic species. The other major advantage of the source is that it requires very small amounts of sample for achieving very good signal to noise ratio. (author)

Measurement of the hyperfine structure of the 31D2, 41D2, 51D2 levels of helium 3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lemery, H.; Hamel, J.; Barrat, J.-P.

1981-01-01

It is well known that, in a discharge in 3 He, the nuclear spins in the ground state can be oriented through metastability exchange, by optical pumping of the metastable 2 3 S 1 atoms. The orientation is transmitted to the other levels excited in the discharge. If the nuclear spins in the ground state are submitted to magnetic resonance, the light emitted from these excited states is modulated at the R.F. field frequency. The degree of modulation is important only near a level crossing, in zero field or in non-zero field. This method has been used to determine the hyperfine structure of the 3 1 D 2 , 4 1 D 2 , 5 1 D 2 levels. The results are in good agreement with those of previous measurements and with theoretical predictions [fr

Construction of the energy matrix for complex atoms. Part VIII: Hyperfine structure HPC calculations for terbium atom

Science.gov (United States)

Elantkowska, Magdalena; Ruczkowski, Jarosław; Sikorski, Andrzej; Dembczyński, Jerzy

2017-11-01

A parametric analysis of the hyperfine structure (hfs) for the even parity configurations of atomic terbium (Tb I) is presented in this work. We introduce the complete set of 4fN-core states in our high-performance computing (HPC) calculations. For calculations of the huge hyperfine structure matrix, requiring approximately 5000 hours when run on a single CPU, we propose the methods utilizing a personal computer cluster or, alternatively a cluster of Microsoft Azure virtual machines (VM). These methods give a factor 12 performance boost, enabling the calculations to complete in an acceptable time.

Realistic ion optical transfer maps for Super-FRS magnets from numerical field data

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kazantseva, Erika; Boine-Frankenheim, Oliver [Technische Universitaet Darmstadt (Germany)

2016-07-01

In large aperture accelerators such as Super-FRS, the non-linearity of the magnetic field in bending elements leads to the non-linear beam dynamics, which cannot be described by means of linear ion optics. Existing non-linear approach is based on the Fourier harmonics formalism and is not working if horizontal aperture is bigger as vertical or vice versa. In Super-FRS dipole the horizontal aperture is much bigger than the vertical. Hence, it is necessary to find a way to create the higher order transfer map for this dipole to accurately predict the particle dynamics in the realistic magnetic fields in the whole aperture. The aim of this work is to generate an accurate high order transfer map of magnetic elements from measured or simulated 3D magnetic field data. Using differential algebraic formalism allows generating transfer maps automatically via numerical integration of ODEs of motion in beam physics coordinates along the reference path. To make the transfer map accurate for all particles in the beam, the magnetic field along the integration path should be represented by analytical function, matching with the real field distribution in the volume of interest. Within this work the steps of high order realistic transfer map production starting from the field values on closed box, covering the volume of interest, will be analyzed in detail.

First-principles calculations of Moessbauer hyperfine parameters for solids and large molecules

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guenzburger, Diana [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Ellis, D.E. [Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Dept. of Physics; Zeng, Z. [Academia Sinica, Hefei, AH (China). Inst. of Solid-State Physics

1997-10-01

Electronic structure calculations based on Density Functional theory were performed for solids and large molecules. The solids were represented by clusters of 60-100 atoms embedded in the potential of the external crystal. Magnetic moments and Moessbauer hyperfine parameters were derived. (author) 22 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

Isotopic effect on the quantum tunneling of the magnetization of molecular nanomagnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sessoli, Roberta; Caneschi, Andrea; Gatteschi, Dante; Sorace, Lorenzo; Cornia, Andrea; Wernsdorfer, Wolfgang

2001-01-01

The molecular cluster [Fe 8 (tacn) 6 O 2 (OH) 12 ]Br 8 ·9H 2 O, Fe 8 , characterized by S=10, with biaxial magnetic anisotropy is an ideal system to investigate quantum effects in the dynamics of the magnetization. Resonant quantum tunneling gives rise to stepped hysteresis cycles and below 0.35 K pure quantum tunneling of the magnetization has been observed. The role of hyperfine fields in promoting the tunneling as a source of dynamic broadening of the states involved in the tunnel transition is investigated by preparing and characterizing two isotopically enriched samples using 57 Fe and 2 H. The relaxation rate in the tunneling regime is proportional to the hyperfine field generated by the nuclei. Also, the intrinsic linewidth of the tunneling resonance scales with the hyperfine field as confirmed by calculations of the super (or transfer) and direct hyperfine interactions. Preliminary results on a novel cluster of formula [Fe 4 (OCH 3 ) 6 (dpm) 6 ], Fe 4 , suited for a more dramatic isotope effect on the tunneling rate are also reported

Hyperfine coupling in gadolinium-praseodymium alloys by specific heat measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Michel, J.

1969-01-01

We have studied the hyperfine coupling in gadolinium-praseodymium alloys by specific heat measurements down to 0.3 K. In the first part we describe the apparatus used to perform our measurements. The second part is devoted to some theoretical considerations. We have studied in detail the case of praseodymium which is an exception in the rare earth series. The third part shows the results we have obtained. (author) [fr

The nuclear magnetic moment of 208Bi and its relevance for a test of bound-state strong-field QED

Science.gov (United States)

Schmidt, S.; Billowes, J.; Bissell, M. L.; Blaum, K.; Garcia Ruiz, R. F.; Heylen, H.; Malbrunot-Ettenauer, S.; Neyens, G.; Nörtershäuser, W.; Plunien, G.; Sailer, S.; Shabaev, V. M.; Skripnikov, L. V.; Tupitsyn, I. I.; Volotka, A. V.; Yang, X. F.

2018-04-01

The hyperfine structure splitting in the 6p3 3/2 4S → 6p2 7 s 1/2 4P transition at 307 nm in atomic 208Bi was measured with collinear laser spectroscopy at ISOLDE, CERN. The hyperfine A and B factors of both states were determined with an order of magnitude improved accuracy. Based on these measurements, theoretical input for the hyperfine structure anomaly, and results from hyperfine measurements on hydrogen-like and lithium-like 209Bi80+,82+, the nuclear magnetic moment of 208Bi has been determined to μ (208Bi) = + 4.570 (10)μN. Using this value, the transition energy of the ground-state hyperfine splitting in hydrogen-like and lithium-like 208Bi80+,82+ and their specific difference of -67.491(5)(148) meV are predicted. This provides a means for an experimental confirmation of the cancellation of nuclear structure effects in the specific difference in order to exclude such contributions as the cause of the hyperfine puzzle, the recently reported 7-σ discrepancy between experiment and bound-state strong-field QED calculations of the specific difference in the hyperfine structure splitting of 209Bi80+,82+.

Systematic model calculations of the hyperfine structure in light and heavy ions

CERN Document Server

Tomaselli, M; Nörtershäuser, W; Ewald, G; Sánchez, R; Fritzsche, S; Karshenboim, S G

2003-01-01

Systematic model calculations are performed for the magnetization distributions and the hyperfine structure (HFS) of light and heavy ions with a mass close to A ~ 6 208 235 to test the interplay of nuclear and atomic structure. A high-precision measurement of lithium-isotope shifts (IS) for suitable transition, combined with an accurate theoretical evaluation of the mass-shift contribution in the respective transition, can be used to determine the root-mean-square (rms) nuclear-charge radius of Li isotopes, particularly of the halo nucleus /sup 11/Li. An experiment of this type is currently underway at GSI in Darmstadt and ISOLDE at CERN. However, the field-shift contributions between the different isotopes can be evaluated using the results obtained for the charge radii, thus casting, with knowledge of the ratio of the HFS constants to the magnetic moments, new light on the IS theory. For heavy charged ions the calculated n- body magnetization distributions reproduce the HFS of hydrogen-like ions well if QED...

Comprehensive Wavelengths, Energy Levels, and Hyperfine Structure Parameters of Singly-Ionized Iron-Group Elements

Science.gov (United States)

Nave, Gillian

We propose to measure wavelengths, energy levels, and hyperfine structure parameters of Ni II, Mn II, Sc II and other singly-ionized iron-group elements, covering the wavelength range 80 nm to 5500 nm. We shall use archival data from spectrometers at NIST and Kitt Peak National Observatory for spectra above 140 nm. Additional experimental observations will be taken if needed using Fourier transform spectrometers at NIST. Spectra will be taken using our normal incidence grating spectrograph to provide better sensitivity than the FT spectra and to extend the wavelength range down to 80 nm. We aim to produce a comprehensive description of the spectra of all singly-ionized iron- group elements. The wavelength uncertainty of the strong lines will be better than 1 part in 10^7. For most singly-ionized iron-group elements available laboratory data have uncertainties an order of magnitude larger than astronomical observations over wide spectra ranges. Some of these laboratory measurements date back to the 1960's. Since then, Fourier transform spectroscopy has made significant progress in improving the accuracy and quantity of data in the UV-vis-IR region, but high quality Fourier transform spectra are still needed for Mn II, Ni II and Sc II. Fourier transform spectroscopy has low sensitivity in the VUV region and is limited to wavelengths above 140 nm. Spectra measured with high-resolution grating spectrographs are needed in this region in order to obtain laboratory data of comparable quality to the STIS and COS spectrographs on the Hubble Space Telescope. Currently, such data exist only for Fe II and Cr II. Lines of Sc II, V II, and Mn II show hyperfine structure, but hyperfine structure parameters have been measured for relatively few lines of these elements. Significant errors can occur if hyperfine structure is neglected when abundances are determined from stellar spectra. Measurements of hyperfine structure parameters will be made using Fourier transform spectroscopy

Pulsed-High Field/High-Frequency EPR Spectroscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Fuhs, Michael; Moebius, Klaus

Pulsed high-field/high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is used to disentangle many kinds of different effects often obscured in continuous wave (cw) EPR spectra at lower magnetic fields/microwave frequencies. While the high magnetic field increases the resolution of G tensors and of nuclear Larmor frequencies, the high frequencies allow for higher time resolution for molecular dynamics as well as for transient paramagnetic intermediates studied with time-resolved EPR. Pulsed EPR methods are used for example for relaxation-time studies, and pulsed Electron Nuclear DOuble Resonance (ENDOR) is used to resolve unresolved hyperfine structure hidden in inhomogeneous linewidths. In the present article we introduce the basic concepts and selected applications to structure and mobility studies on electron transfer systems, reaction centers of photosynthesis as well as biomimetic models. The article concludes with an introduction to stochastic EPR which makes use of an other concept for investigating resonance systems in order to increase the excitation bandwidth of pulsed EPR. The limited excitation bandwidth of pulses at high frequency is one of the main limitations which, so far, made Fourier transform methods hardly feasible.

Hyperfine splitting in positronium to O(α7me). One-photon annihilation contribution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baker, M.; Penin, A.A.; Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie; Piclum, J.; RWTH Aachen; Steinhauser, M.

2014-02-01

We present the complete result for the O(α 7 m e ) one-photon annihilation contribution to the hyperfine splitting of the ground state energy levels in positronium. Numerically it increases the prediction of quantum electrodynamics by 217±1 kHz.

Ro-vibrational averaging of the isotropic hyperfine coupling constant for the methyl radical

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adam, Ahmad Y.; Jensen, Per, E-mail: jensen@uni-wuppertal.de [Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, D-42097 Wuppertal (Germany); Yachmenev, Andrey; Yurchenko, Sergei N. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT (United Kingdom)

2015-12-28

We present the first variational calculation of the isotropic hyperfine coupling constant of the carbon-13 atom in the CH{sub 3} radical for temperatures T = 0, 96, and 300 K. It is based on a newly calculated high level ab initio potential energy surface and hyperfine coupling constant surface of CH{sub 3} in the ground electronic state. The ro-vibrational energy levels, expectation values for the coupling constant, and its temperature dependence were calculated variationally by using the methods implemented in the computer program TROVE. Vibrational energies and vibrational and temperature effects for coupling constant are found to be in very good agreement with the available experimental data. We found, in agreement with previous studies, that the vibrational effects constitute about 44% of the constant’s equilibrium value, originating mainly from the large amplitude out-of-plane bending motion and that the temperature effects play a minor role.

Ro-vibrational averaging of the isotropic hyperfine coupling constant for the methyl radical

Science.gov (United States)

Adam, Ahmad Y.; Yachmenev, Andrey; Yurchenko, Sergei N.; Jensen, Per

2015-12-01

We present the first variational calculation of the isotropic hyperfine coupling constant of the carbon-13 atom in the CH3 radical for temperatures T = 0, 96, and 300 K. It is based on a newly calculated high level ab initio potential energy surface and hyperfine coupling constant surface of CH3 in the ground electronic state. The ro-vibrational energy levels, expectation values for the coupling constant, and its temperature dependence were calculated variationally by using the methods implemented in the computer program TROVE. Vibrational energies and vibrational and temperature effects for coupling constant are found to be in very good agreement with the available experimental data. We found, in agreement with previous studies, that the vibrational effects constitute about 44% of the constant's equilibrium value, originating mainly from the large amplitude out-of-plane bending motion and that the temperature effects play a minor role.

Ro-vibrational averaging of the isotropic hyperfine coupling constant for the methyl radical

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adam, Ahmad Y.; Jensen, Per; Yachmenev, Andrey; Yurchenko, Sergei N.

2015-01-01

We present the first variational calculation of the isotropic hyperfine coupling constant of the carbon-13 atom in the CH 3 radical for temperatures T = 0, 96, and 300 K. It is based on a newly calculated high level ab initio potential energy surface and hyperfine coupling constant surface of CH 3 in the ground electronic state. The ro-vibrational energy levels, expectation values for the coupling constant, and its temperature dependence were calculated variationally by using the methods implemented in the computer program TROVE. Vibrational energies and vibrational and temperature effects for coupling constant are found to be in very good agreement with the available experimental data. We found, in agreement with previous studies, that the vibrational effects constitute about 44% of the constant’s equilibrium value, originating mainly from the large amplitude out-of-plane bending motion and that the temperature effects play a minor role

Helium Pressure Shift of the Hyperfine Clock Transition in Hg-201(+)

Science.gov (United States)

Larigani, S. Taghavi; Burt, E. A.; Tjoelker, R. L.

2010-01-01

There are two stable odd isotopes of mercury with singly ionized hyperfine structure suitable for a microwave atomic clock: Hg-199(+) and Hg-201(+). We are investigating the viability of a trapped ion clock based on Hg-201(+) in a configuration that uses a buffer gas to increase ion loading efficiency and counter ion heating from rf trapping fields. Traditionally, either helium or neon is used as the buffer gas at approx. 10(exp -5) torr to confine mercury ions near room temperature. In addition to the buffer gas, other residual background gasses such as H2O, N2, O2, CO, CO2, and CH2 may be present in trace quantities. Collisions between trapped ions and buffer gas or background gas atoms/molecules produce a momentary shift of the ion clock transition frequency and constitute one of the largest systematic effects in this type of clock. Here we report an initial measurement of the He pressure shift in Hg-201(+) and compare this to Hg-199(+).

cap alpha. -spectra hyperfine structure resolution by silicon planar detectors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eremin, V K; Verbitskaya, E M; Strokan, N B; Sukhanov, V L; Malyarenko, A M

1986-10-01

The lines with 13 keV step from the main one is ..cap alpha..-spectra of nuclei with an odd number of nucleons take place. Silicon planar detectors n-Si with the operation surface of 10 mm/sup 2/ are developed for resolution of this hyperfine structure. The mechanism of losses in detectors for short-range-path particles is analyzed. The results of measurements from detectors with 10 keV resolution are presented.

Relativistic DFT calculations of hyperfine coupling constants in the 5d hexafluorido complexes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Haase, Pi Ariane Bresling; Repisky, Michal; Komorovsky, Stanislav

2018-01-01

We have investigated the performance of the most popular relativistic density functional theory methods, zeroth order regular approximation (ZORA) and 4-component Dirac-Kohn-Sham (DKS), in the calculation of the recently measured hyperfine coupling constants of ReIV and IrIV in their hexafluorido...

Vickers Microhardness and Hyperfine Magnetic Field Variations of Heat Treated Amorphous Fe{sub 78}Si{sub 9}B{sub 13} Alloy Ribbons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cabral-Prieto, A., E-mail: acpr@nuclear.inin.mx [Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Department of Chemistry (Mexico); Garcia-Santibanez, F.; Lopez, A.; Lopez-Castanares, R.; Olea Cardoso, O. [Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Facultad de Ciencias (Mexico)

2005-02-15

Amorphous Fe{sub 78}Si{sub 9}B{sub 13} alloy ribbons were heat treated between 296 and 763 K, using heating rates between 1 and 4.5 K/min. Whereas one ribbon partially crystallized at T{sub x} = 722 K, the other one partially crystallized at T{sub x} = 763 K. The partially crystallized ribbon at 722 K, heat treated using a triangular form for the heating and cooling rates, was substantially less fragile than the partially crystallized at 763 K where a tooth saw form for the heating and cooling rates was used. Vickers microhardness and hyperfine magnetic field values behaved almost concomitantly between 296 and 673 K. The Moessbauer spectral line widths of the heat-treated ribbons decreased continuously from 296 to 500 K, suggesting stress relief in this temperature range where the Vickers microhardness did not increase. At 523 K the line width decreased further but the microhardness increased substantially. After 523 K the line width behave in an oscillating form as well as the microhardness, indicating other structural changes in addition to the stress relief. Finally, positron lifetime data showed that both inner part and surface of Fe{sub 78}Si{sub 9}B{sub 13} alloy ribbons were affected distinctly. Variations on the surface may be the cause of some of the high Vickers microhardness values measured in the amorphous state.

Magnetic field dependence of the specific heat of heavy-fermion YbCu4.5

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amato, A.; Fisher, R.A.; Phillips, N.E.; Jaccard, D.; Walker, E.

1990-03-01

The specific heat of a polycrystalline sample of YbCu 4.5 has been measured between 0.3 and 20K in magnetic fields to 7T. At zero field a minimum in C/T is observed near 11K. Below that temperature C/T increases and below 0.5K exhibits an upturn ascribed to a hyperfine contribution. The increase in C/T below 11K is reduced by a factor 1.5 for H = 7T, whereas the hyperfine term is enhanced due to the contribution of the 63 Cu and 65 Cu and nuclei. 5 refs., 3 figs

Interaction potential of the H-He system and the hyperfine frequency shift of H in He buffer gas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang, K.T.; Yang, X.D.

1990-01-01

The van der Waals potential of the H-He interaction and the hyperfine frequency shift of H in He are predicted using the Tang-Toennies model. This model damps the long-range ab initio dispersion terms individually using a universal damping function and adds to this a simple Born-Mayer repulsive term. The Born-Mayer parameters are derived from self-consistent-field calculations. The resulting potential is found to be in good agreement with two molecular-beam experiments and its well parameters, in excellent agreement with the complete configuration-interaction calculation. In order to compare with experiment, the hyperfine frequency shift is thermally averaged over the potential both quantum mechanically and classically. The thermally averaged results are in excellent agreement with experiment in the high-temperature range but there are some discrepancies with the measurements at 0.5 and at 1.15 K. These discrepancies may be due to the fact that the long-range coefficient K 10 used is too small. The quantum and classical results are practically identical for temperature above 40 K. The classical statistics fails completely only for temperature below 5 K. Also in the quantum calculation, the isotope effect between 3 He and 4 He is found to show up only for temperature below 10 K. The theoretical isotope effect is in qualitative agreement with experiment

Heat transfer and thermal stress analysis in fluid-structure coupled field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Ming-Jian; Pan, Jun-Hua; Ni, Ming-Jiu; Zhang, Nian-Mei

2015-01-01

In this work, three-dimensional simulation on conjugate heat transfer in a fluid-structure coupled field was carried out. The structure considered is from the dual-coolant lithium-lead (DCLL) blanket, which is the key technology of International Thermo-nuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The model was developed based on finite element-finite volume method and was employed to investigate mechanical behaviours of Flow Channel Insert (FCI) and heat transfer in the blanket under nuclear reaction. Temperature distribution, thermal deformation and thermal stresses were calculated in this work, and the effects of thermal conductivity, convection heat transfer coefficient and flow velocity were analyzed. Results show that temperature gradients and thermal stresses of FCI decrease when FCI has better heat conductivity. Higher convection heat transfer coefficient will result in lower temperature, thermal deformations and stresses in FCI. Analysis in this work could be a theoretical basis of blanket optimization. - Highlights: • We use FVM and FEM to investigate FCI structural safety considering heat transfer and FSI effects. • Higher convective heat transfer coefficient is beneficial for the FCI structural safety without much affect to bulk flow temperature. • Smaller FCI thermal conductivity can better prevent heat leakage into helium, yet will increase FCI temperature gradient and thermal stress. • Three-dimensional simulation on conjugate heat transfer in a fluid-structure coupled field was carried out

The effect of a magnetic field on heat transfer in a slotted channel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Evtushenko, I.A.; Hua, T.Q.; Kirillov, I.R.; Reed, Claude B.; Sidorenkov, S.S.

1995-01-01

The results of numerical and experimental studies of liquid metal heat transfer in slotted channels in a transverse magnetic field are presented. Test results showed an improvement in heat transfer in a straight channel at low and moderate interaction parameter N. The Nusselt number at small N (around 120) was up to twofold higher than in turbulent flow without a magnetic field, the Peclet number being equal. This effect of heat transfer enhancement is caused by the generation and development of large-scale velocity fluctuations close to the heated wall area. Qualitative and quantitative correlations between heat transfer and velocity fluctuation characteristics are presented. (orig.)

Calculation of the hyperfine interaction using an effective-operator form of many-body theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garpman, S.; Lindgren, I.; Lindgren, J.; Morrison, J.

1975-01-01

The effective-operator form of many-body theory is reviewed and applied to the calculation of the hyperfine structure. Numerical results are given for the 2p, 3p, and 4p excited states of Li and the 3p state of Na. This is the first complete calculation of the hyperfine structure using an effective-operator form of perturbation theory. As in the Brueckner-Goldstone form of many-body theory, the various terms in the perturbation expansion are represented by Feynman diagrams which correspond to basic physical processes. The angular part of the perturbation diagrams are evaluated by taking advantage of the formal analogy between the Feynman diagrams and the angular-momentum diagrams, introduced by Jucys et al. The radial part of the diagrams is calculated by solving one- and two-particle equations for the particular linear combination of excited states that contribute to the Feynman diagrams. In this way all second- and third-order effects are accurately evaluated without explicitly constructing the excited orbitals. For the 2p state of Li our results are in agreement with the calculations of Nesbet and of Hameed and Foley. However, our quadrupole calculation disagrees with the work of Das and co-workers. The many-body results for Li and Na are compared with semiempirical methods for evaluating the quadrupole moment from the hyperfine interaction, and a new quadrupole moment of 23 Na is given

Near-field radiative heat transfer between graphene-covered hyperbolic metamaterials

Science.gov (United States)

Hong, Xiao-Juan; Li, Jian-Wen; Wang, Tong-Biao; Zhang, De-Jian; Liu, Wen-Xing; Liao, Qing-Hua; Yu, Tian-Bao; Liu, Nian-Hua

2018-04-01

We propose the use of graphene-covered silicon carbide (SiC) nanowire arrays (NWAs) for theoretical studies of near-field radiative heat transfer. The SiC NWAs exhibit a hyperbolic characteristic at an appropriately selected filling-volume fraction. The surface plasmon supported by graphene and the hyperbolic modes supported by SiC NWAs significantly affect radiative heat transfer. The heat-transfer coefficient (HTC) between the proposed structures is larger than that between SiC NWAs. We also find that the chemical potential of graphene plays an important role in modulating the HTC. The tunability of chemical potential through gate voltage enables flexible control of heat transfer using the graphene-covered SiC NWAs.

Theory of long-range interactions for Rydberg states attached to hyperfine-split cores

Science.gov (United States)

Robicheaux, F.; Booth, D. W.; Saffman, M.

2018-02-01

The theory is developed for one- and two-atom interactions when the atom has a Rydberg electron attached to a hyperfine-split core state. This situation is relevant for some of the rare-earth and alkaline-earth atoms that have been proposed for experiments on Rydberg-Rydberg interactions. For the rare-earth atoms, the core electrons can have a very substantial total angular momentum J and a nonzero nuclear spin I . In the alkaline-earth atoms there is a single (s ) core electron whose spin can couple to a nonzero nuclear spin for odd isotopes. The resulting hyperfine splitting of the core state can lead to substantial mixing between the Rydberg series attached to different thresholds. Compared to the unperturbed Rydberg series of the alkali-metal atoms, the series perturbations and near degeneracies from the different parity states could lead to qualitatively different behavior for single-atom Rydberg properties (polarizability, Zeeman mixing and splitting, etc.) as well as Rydberg-Rydberg interactions (C5 and C6 matrices).

Pressure drop and heat transfer of lithium single-phase flow under transverse magnetic field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takahashi, Minoru; Aritomi, Masanori; Inoue, Akira; Matsuzaki, Mitsuo

1996-01-01

Pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of a lithium single-phase flow in a rectangular channel was investigated experimentally in the presence of a magnetic field. Friction loss coefficient under non-magnetic field and skin friction coefficient under magnetic field agreed well with the Blasius formula and a simple analytical expression, respectively. Nusselt number under non-magnetic field was slightly lower than the correlation by Hartnett and Irvine. Heat transfer was enhanced by increasing magnetic field above the Hartmann number of about 200. (author)

Effect of an alternating nonuniform magnetic field on ferrofluid flow and heat transfer in a channel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goharkhah, Mohammad; Ashjaee, Mehdi

2014-01-01

Forced convective heat transfer of water based Fe 3 O 4 nanofluid (ferrofluid) in the presence of an alternating non-uniform magnetic field is investigated numerically. The geometry is a two-dimensional channel which is subjected to a uniform heat flux at the top and bottom surfaces. Nonuniform magnetic field produced by eight line source dipoles is imposed on several parts of the channel. Also, a rectangular wave function is applied to the dipoles in order to turn them on and off alternatingly. The effects of the alternating magnetic field strength and frequency on the convective heat transfer are investigated for four different Reynolds numbers (Re=100, 600, 1200 and 2000) in the laminar flow regime. Comparing the results with zero magnetic field case, show that the heat transfer enhancement increases with the Reynolds number and reaches a maximum of 13.9% at Re=2000 and f=20 Hz. Moreover, at a constant Reynolds number, it increases with the magnetic field intensity while an optimum value exists for the frequency. Also, the optimum frequency increases with the Reynolds number. On the other hand, the heat transfer enhancement due to the magnetic field is always accompanied by a pressure drop penalty. A maximum pressure drop increase of 6% is observed at Re=2000 and f=5 Hz which shows that the pressure drop increase is not as significant as the heat transfer enhancement. - Highlights: • An alternating magnetic field is imposed on ferrofluid flow in a heated channel. • Heat transfer is enhanced noticeably compared to the case with no magnetic field. • Heat transfer depends on Reynolds number, magnetic field intensity and frequency. • Optimum frequency is independent of intensity but increases with Reynolds number. • Pressure drop increase is not as significant as the heat transfer enhancement

Hyperfine structure of 147,149Sm measured using saturated absorption spectroscopy in combination with resonance-ionization mass spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Hyunmin; Lee, Miran; Rhee, Yongjoo

2003-01-01

The hyperfine structures of four levels of the Sm isotopes have been measured by means of diode-laser-based Doppler-free saturated absorption spectroscopy in combination with a diode-laser-initiated resonance-ionization mass spectroscopy. It was demonstrated that combining the two spectroscopic methods was very effective for the identification and accurate measurement of the spectral lines of atoms with several isotopes, such as the rare-earth elements. From the obtained spectra, the hyperfine constants A and B for the odd-mass isotopes 147 Sm and 149 Sm were determined for four upper levels of the studied transitions.

Hyperfine interaction studies of radon in some metals and metal oxides with the alpha-gamma angular correlation method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Orre, B.; Norlin, L.O.; Johansson, K.; Falk, F.; Thun, J.E.

1975-11-01

The α-γ angular correlation method has been applied to 226 Ra and 224 Ra decay with emphasis on source and backing preparations. A simple method to prepare sources suitable for hyperfine interaction studies has been developed, namely to implant the 224 Ra activity into the backing by recoil implantation in vacuum from a 228 Th source. A high voltage should be applied, which considerably improved the profile of the implantation. The hyperfine interactions in Fe,Co,Gd,Ni were measured and analysed according to a random static quadrupole interaction combined with an aligned magnetic interaction. (Auth.)

Graphene-assisted near-field radiative heat transfer between corrugated polar materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, X. L.; Zhang, Z. M.

2014-01-01

Graphene has attracted great attention in nanoelectronics, optics, and energy harvesting. Here, the near-field radiative heat transfer between graphene-covered corrugated silica is investigated based on the exact scattering theory. It is found that graphene can improve the radiative heat flux between silica gratings by more than one order of magnitude and alleviate the performance sensitivity to lateral shift. The underlying mechanism is mainly attributed to the improved photon tunneling of modes away from phonon resonances. Besides, coating with graphene leads to nonlocal radiative transfer that breaks Derjaguin's proximity approximation and enables corrugated silica to outperform bulk silica in near-field radiation.

Spectral tuning of near-field radiative heat transfer by graphene-covered metasurfaces

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Zhiheng; Wang, Ao; Xuan, Yimin

2018-03-01

When two gratings are respectively covered by a layer of graphene sheet, the near-field radiative heat transfer between two parallel gratings made of silica (SiO2) could be greatly improved. As the material properties of doped silicon (n-type doping concentration is 1020 cm-3, marked as Si-20) and SiO2 differ greatly, we theoretically investigate the near-field radiative heat transfer between two parallel graphene-covered gratings made of Si-20 to explore some different phenomena, especially for modulating the spectral properties. The radiative heat flux between two parallel bulks made of Si-20 can be enhanced by using gratings instead of bulks. When the two gratings are respectively covered by a layer of graphene sheet, the radiative heat flux between two gratings made of Si-20 can be further enhanced. By tuning graphene chemical potential μ and grating filling factor f, due to the interaction between surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) of graphene sheets and grating structures, the spectral properties of the radiative heat flux between two parallel graphene-covered gratings can be effectively regulated. This work will develop and supplement the effects of materials on the near-field radiative heat transfer for this kind of system configuration, paving a way to modulate the spectral properties of near-field radiative heat transfer.

Solvent polarity effects on hyperfine couplings of cyclohexadienyl-type radicals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vujosevic', D.; Scheuermann, R.; Dilger, H.; Tucker, I.M.; Martyniak, A.; McKenzie, I.; Roduner, E.

2006-01-01

In this study muon-spin rotation (μSR) serves as a tool for sensitive monitoring of the environment of muoniated radicals in isotropic liquids. A systematic investigation of the behaviour of the hyperfine coupling constants of cyclohexadienyl-type radicals is performed, and it is found that they are in linear dependence on solvent polarity, with certain deviations. These deviations are discussed in detail. It is found that with increasing length of the hydroxyalkyl substituent group the perturbation of the phenyl ring becomes smaller

Solvent polarity effects on hyperfine couplings of cyclohexadienyl-type radicals

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vujosevic' , D. [Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart (Germany); Scheuermann, R. [Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen (Switzerland); Dilger, H. [Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart (Germany); Tucker, I.M. [Unilever Research and Development, Port Sunlight, Wirral CH63 3JW (United Kingdom); Martyniak, A. [Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart (Germany); McKenzie, I. [Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart (Germany); Roduner, E. [Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart (Germany)]. E-mail: e.rodunder@ipc.uni-stuttgart.de

2006-03-31

In this study muon-spin rotation ({mu}SR) serves as a tool for sensitive monitoring of the environment of muoniated radicals in isotropic liquids. A systematic investigation of the behaviour of the hyperfine coupling constants of cyclohexadienyl-type radicals is performed, and it is found that they are in linear dependence on solvent polarity, with certain deviations. These deviations are discussed in detail. It is found that with increasing length of the hydroxyalkyl substituent group the perturbation of the phenyl ring becomes smaller.

Accurate magnetic field calculations for contactless energy transfer coils

OpenAIRE

Sonntag, C.L.W.; Spree, M.; Lomonova, E.A.; Duarte, J.L.; Vandenput, A.J.A.

2007-01-01

In this paper, a method for estimating the magnetic field intensity from hexagon spiral windings commonly found in contactless energy transfer applications is presented. The hexagonal structures are modeled in a magneto-static environment using Biot-Savart current stick vectors. The accuracy of the models are evaluated by mapping the current sticks and the hexagon spiral winding tracks to a local twodimensional plane, and comparing their two-dimensional magnetic field intensities. The accurac...

Hyperfine interactions and structures of ferrous hydroxide and green rust II in sulfated aqueous media

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olowe, A.A.; Genin, J.M.R.; Bauer, P.

1988-01-01

A sulfated ferrous hydroxide is obtained by mixing NaOH with melanterite depending on the R = [SO 4 -- ]/[OH - ] ratio and leading by oxidation to the green rust II transient compound. Hyperfine parameters are presented. (orig.)

Optogalvanic spectroscopy of the hyperfine structure of weak La I lines: discovery of new even parity fine structure levels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siddiqui, Imran; Khan, Shamim; Gamper, B; Windholz, L; Dembczyński, J

2013-01-01

The hyperfine structure of weak La I lines was experimentally investigated using laser optogalvanic spectroscopy in a hollow cathode discharge lamp. More than 100 La I lines were investigated and 40 new energy levels were discovered, most of them having even parity. The magnetic hyperfine interaction constants A and in some cases the electric quadrupole interaction constants B for these levels were determined. All the newly discovered levels were confirmed either by additional laser excitations (from other known levels) or by lines in a Fourier transform spectrum which could now be classified. (paper)

Calculation of the electronic structure optical transitions and contact hyperfine parameters of interstitial hydrogen in alkaline halogen crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maciel, A.K.A.

1977-03-01

The electronic structure of the interstitial hydrogen atom in KF, NaCl, KCl, and RbCl cristals has been studied using the self-consistent-field multiple-scattering Xα method. In the present calculation a cluster constituted by the hydrogen atom surrounded by its first anion and cation neighbors in a cubic shell has been used. The optical transition energies and hyperfine contact parameters with the interstitial proton and the first shell nuclei have been evaluated. The agreement obtained with the experimental data and the relative independence of the method under variations of its intrinsic parameters, indicate that this method can be adequate to the study of defects in ionic cristals. (author) [pt

An ab-initio coupled mode theory for near field radiative thermal transfer.

Science.gov (United States)

Chalabi, Hamidreza; Hasman, Erez; Brongersma, Mark L

2014-12-01

We investigate the thermal transfer between finite-thickness planar slabs which support surface phonon polariton modes (SPhPs). The thickness-dependent dispersion of SPhPs in such layered materials provides a unique opportunity to manipulate and enhance the near field thermal transfer. The key accomplishment of this paper is the development of an ab-initio coupled mode theory that accurately describes all of its thermal transfer properties. We illustrate how the coupled mode parameters can be obtained in a direct fashion from the dispersion relation of the relevant modes of the system. This is illustrated for the specific case of a semi-infinite SiC substrate placed in close proximity to a thin slab of SiC. This is a system that exhibits rich physics in terms of its thermal transfer properties, despite the seemingly simple geometry. This includes a universal scaling behavior of the thermal conductance with the slab thickness and spacing. The work highlights and further increases the value of coupled mode theories in rapidly calculating and intuitively understanding near-field transfer.

Isotopic effect on the quantum tunneling of the magnetization of molecular nanomagnets

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sessoli, Roberta E-mail: sessoli@chim1.unifi.it; Caneschi, Andrea; Gatteschi, Dante; Sorace, Lorenzo; Cornia, Andrea; Wernsdorfer, Wolfgang

2001-05-01

The molecular cluster [Fe{sub 8}(tacn){sub 6}O{sub 2}(OH){sub 12}]Br{sub 8}{center_dot}9H{sub 2}O, Fe{sub 8}, characterized by S=10, with biaxial magnetic anisotropy is an ideal system to investigate quantum effects in the dynamics of the magnetization. Resonant quantum tunneling gives rise to stepped hysteresis cycles and below 0.35 K pure quantum tunneling of the magnetization has been observed. The role of hyperfine fields in promoting the tunneling as a source of dynamic broadening of the states involved in the tunnel transition is investigated by preparing and characterizing two isotopically enriched samples using {sup 57}Fe and {sup 2}H. The relaxation rate in the tunneling regime is proportional to the hyperfine field generated by the nuclei. Also, the intrinsic linewidth of the tunneling resonance scales with the hyperfine field as confirmed by calculations of the super (or transfer) and direct hyperfine interactions. Preliminary results on a novel cluster of formula [Fe{sub 4}(OCH{sub 3}){sub 6}(dpm){sub 6}], Fe{sub 4}, suited for a more dramatic isotope effect on the tunneling rate are also reported.

Near-field radiative heat transfer in mesoporous alumina

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Jing; Feng Yan-Hui; Zhang Xin-Xin; Huang Cong-Liang; Wang Ge

2015-01-01

The thermal conductivity of mesoporous material has aroused the great interest of scholars due to its wide applications such as insulation, catalyst, etc. Mesoporous alumina substrate consists of uniformly distributed, unconnected cylindrical pores. Near-field radiative heat transfer cannot be ignored, when the diameters of the pores are less than the characteristic wavelength of thermal radiation. In this paper, near-field radiation across a cylindrical pore is simulated by employing the fluctuation dissipation theorem and Green function. Such factors as the diameter of the pore, and the temperature of the material are further analyzed. The research results show that the radiative heat transfer on a mesoscale is 2∼4 orders higher than on a macroscale. The heat flux and equivalent thermal conductivity of radiation across a cylindrical pore decrease exponentially with pore diameter increasing, while increase with temperature increasing. The calculated equivalent thermal conductivity of radiation is further developed to modify the thermal conductivity of the mesoporous alumina. The combined thermal conductivity of the mesoporous alumina is obtained by using porosity weighted dilute medium and compared with the measurement. The combined thermal conductivity of mesoporous silica decreases gradually with pore diameter increasing, while increases smoothly with temperature increasing, which is in good agreement with the experimental data. The larger the porosity, the more significant the near-field effect is, which cannot be ignored. (paper)

Accurate magnetic field calculations for contactless energy transfer coils

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sonntag, C.L.W.; Spree, M.; Lomonova, E.A.; Duarte, J.L.; Vandenput, A.J.A.

2007-01-01

In this paper, a method for estimating the magnetic field intensity from hexagon spiral windings commonly found in contactless energy transfer applications is presented. The hexagonal structures are modeled in a magneto-static environment using Biot-Savart current stick vectors. The accuracy of the

Relation between hyperfine field and lattice location measurements for heavy impurities in iron: influence of radiation damage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thome, L.; Bernas, H.; Cohen, C.

1978-01-01

The relation between the hyperfine interaction (HFI) and the lattice location of heavy impurities in iron is discussed in the light of results (see companion papers) on 169 Yb, 175 Yb and Au in Fe. A compilation of all known results in Fe and Cu reveals a simple correlation between the difference in atomic radii of implanted and host atoms and the corrected extinction ratio in lattice location experiments. A simple model is developed to account simultaneously for the annealing -and implantation- temperature dependence of the impurity HFI and lattice location in Fe between room temperature and 800K. It is based on existing information concerning the nature and evolution of radiation damage in Fe: impurity evolution is described in terms of a two-stage process involving (i) vacancy migration towards the impurity and (ii) migration of the impurity-vacancy complex, with the latter stage being much faster than the former. Quantitative agreement is found with our experimental results, as well as with results obtained on other impurities in Fe. It is suggested that the model is applicable in all cases where vacancy motion determines impurity evolution

High precision measurements of hyperfine structure in Tm II, N2+ and Sc II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mansour, N.B.; Dinneen, T.P.; Young, L.

1988-01-01

We have applied the technique of collinear fast-ion-beam laser spectroscopy to measure the hyperfine structure (hfs) in Sc II, Tm II and N 2 + . Laser induced fluorescence was observed from a 50 keV ion beam which was superimposed with the output of an actively stabilized ring dye laser (rms bandwidth 2 and the excited 3d4p configuration of Sc II and in the 4f 13 6s and 4f 13 5d configurations of the Tm II. The fine and hyperfine structure of N 2 + has been observed in the (0,1) and (1,2) band of B 2 Σ/sub u/ + /minus/X 2 Σ/sub g/ + system. Higher resolution measurements of the metastable 3d 2 configuration in Sc II were also made by laser-rf double resonance. The experimental results will be compared with those obtained by multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock ab-initio calculations. 15 refs., 4 figs., 5 tabs

Hyperfine structure and isotope shift analysis of singly ionized titanium

Science.gov (United States)

Bouazza, Safa

2013-04-01

The even-parity low configuration system of Ti II has been considered on the basis of the experimental data found in the literature, and its fine structure has been reanalyzed by simultaneous parameterization of one- and two-body interactions for the model space (3d + 4s)3. Furthermore, the main one-electron hyperfine structure parameters for these configurations have been evaluated. For instance, for 3d24s1, a_{3{\\rm{d}}}^{01} = - {\\rm{63}}.{\\rm{2}}\\left( {{\\rm{3}}.{\\rm{1}}} \\right)\\,{\\rm{MHz}} and a_{4{\\rm{s}}}^{10} = - {\\rm{984}}.{\\rm{1}}\\left( {{\\rm{7}}.{\\rm{1}}} \\right)\\,{\\rm{MHz}} . Field shifts (FS) and specific mass shifts (SMS) of the main Ti II configurations are deduced by means of ab initio estimates combined with a small quantity of experimental isotope shift data available in the literature: FS(3d3) = -63.3 MHz, FS(3d24p1) = -49.7 MHz, FS(3d14s2) = 98.2 MHz, FS(4s24P1) = 163.4 MHz and SMS(3d3) = 1453.3 MHz, SMS(3d14s2) = -2179.7 MHz, …, referred to 3d24s1 for the pair Ti46-Ti48.

Recoil effects in the hyperfine structure of QED bound states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bodwin, G.T.; Yennie, D.R.; Gregorio, M.A.

1985-01-01

The authors give a general discussion of the derivation from field theory of a formalism for the perturbative solution of the relativistic two-body problem. The lowest-order expression for the four-point function is given in terms of a two-particle three-dimensional propagator in a static potential. It is obtained by fixing the loop energy in the four-dimensional formalism at a point which is independent of the loop momentum and is symmetric in the two particle variables. This method avoids awkward positive- and negative-energy projectors, with their attendant energy square roots, and allows one to recover the Dirac equation straightforwardly in the nonrecoil limit. The perturbations appear as a variety of four-dimensional kernels which are rearranged and regrouped into convenient sets. In particular, they are transformed from the Coulomb to the Feynman gauge, which greatly simplifies the expressions that must be evaluated. Although the approach is particularly convenient for the precision analysis of QED bound states, it is not limited to such applications. The authors use it to give the first unified treatment of all presently known recoil corrections to the muonium hyperfine structure and also to verify the corresponding contributions through order α 2 lnαE/sub F/ in positronium. The required integrals are evaluated analytically

Fine-hyperfine splittings of quarkonium levels in an effective power-law potential

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barik, N; Jena, S N [Utkal Univ., Bhubaneswar (India). Dept. of Physics

1980-12-01

We have shown that an effective non-coulombic power-law potential generating spin dependence through scalar and vector exchanges in almost equal proportions along with a very small or zero quark anomalous moment can describe very satisfactorily the up-to-date data on the fine-hyperfine levels and the leptonic width ratios of the vector mesons in the cc and bb families in a flavour independent manner.

Hyperfine interactions studies in perovskite oxides of the type LaMO3 (M = Fe, Cr, Mn and Co)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Junqueira, Astrogildo de Carvalho

2004-01-01

ABO 3 -type perovskite oxides have ideal cubic structure and usually show distortions to the orthorhombic or rombohedric symmetry. The A and B siteshave 12-fold and 6-fold oxygen coordination, respectively. Distortions of thecubic structure give rise to new electric, structural and magnetic propertieswhich have great technological and scientific interests. Magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine interaction measurements were obtained using 111 In -> 111 Cd , 181 Hf -> 181 Ta e 140 La -> 140 Ceradioactive nuclei substituting for the A or B sites via Perturbed Angulargamma-gamma Correlation technique (1-4) . LaMO 3 (M = Fe, Cr, Mn and Co)samples were prepared through the chemical route known as Sol-Gel techniqueand analyzed with x-ray diffraction. Both 111 In and 181 Hf nuclei wereintroduced in to the sample during the chemical procedure and the 140 Lawas obtained by irradiating with neutrons in the IPEN reactor the natural Lapresent in the samples. One of the aims of this work was the analysis of theElectric Field Gradient (EFG) in the A and B sites as function oftemperature, crystal structure or the electronic characteristic of thetransition metal in the B site. The temperature range of the measurements wasabout from 4 K to 1400 K. The experimental EFG showed to be dependent of thesite occupation and the nuclear probe used in the measurements. Spintransition phenomena were also observed in LaCoO 3 samples, which confirmed amodel used to interpret the spin properties in such compound.Crystallographic phase transition effects on the hyperfine parameters inperovskites where M = Fe, Cr and K4n were also analyzed. An additional aim ofthis work was to carry out measurements in the antiferromagnetic region ofthe systems with M = Fe, Cr and Mn using the three radioactive nuclei. Theresults for the magnetic interaction measurements showed a strong influenceof the substitutional sites in the supertransferred magnetic hyperfine fieldfor all the three probe nuclei

Nuclear spin of 185Au and hyperfine structure of 188Au

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ekstroem, C.; Ingelman, S.; Wannberg, G.

1977-03-01

The nuclear spin of 185 Au, I = 5/2, and the hyperfine separation of 188 Au, Δγ = +- 2992(30) MHz, have been measured with the atomic-beam magnetic resonance method. The spin of 185 Au indicates a deformed nuclear shape in the ground state. The small magnetic moment of 188 Au is close in value to those of the heavier I = 1 gold isotopes 190 192 194 Au, being located in a typical transition region. (Auth.)

output enhancement in the transfer-field machine using rotor circuit

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dr Obe

1984-09-01

Sep 1, 1984 ... Electrical Engineering Department University of Nigeria, Nsukka. (Manuscript received March 1981). ABSTRACT. The output of a plain transfer-field machine would be much less than that of a .... by non-magnetic barriers: The.

Reduction of momentum transfer rates by parallel electric fields: A two-fluid demonstration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Delamere, P.A.; Stenbaek-Nielsen, H.C.; Otto, A.

2002-01-01

Momentum transfer between an ionized gas cloud moving relative to an ambient magnetized plasma is a general problem in space plasma physics. Obvious examples include the Io-Jupiter interaction, comets, and coronal mass ejections. Active plasma experiments have demonstrated that momentum transfer rates associated with Alfven wave propagation are poorly understood. Barium injection experiments from the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) have shown that dense ionized clouds are capable of ExB drifting over large distances perpendicular to the magnetic field. The CRRES 'skidding' distances were much larger than predicted by magnetohydrodynamic theory and it has been proposed that parallel electric fields were a key component in the skidding phenomenon. A two-fluid code was used to demonstrate the role of parallel electric fields in reducing momentum transfer between two distinct plasma populations. In this study, a dense plasma was initialized moving relative to an ambient plasma and perpendicular to B. Parallel electric fields were introduced via a friction term in the electron momentum equation and the collision frequency was scaled in proportion to the field-aligned current density. The simulation results showed that parallel electric fields decreased the decelerating magnetic tension force on the plasma cloud through a magnetic diffusion/reconnection process

The population transfer of high excited states of Rydberg lithium atoms in a microwave field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jiang Lijuan; Zhang Xianzhou; Ma Huanqiang; Jia Guangrui; Zhang Yonghui; Xia Lihua

2012-01-01

Using the time-dependent multilevel approach (TDMA), the properties of high excited Rydberg lithium atom have been obtained in the microwave field. The population transfer of lithium atom are studied on numerical calculation, quantum states are controlled and manipulated by microwave field. It shows that the population can be completely transferred to the target state by changing the chirped rate and field amplitude. (authors)

Enhanced energy transfer by near-field coupling of a nanostructured metamaterial with a graphene-covered plate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, Jui-Yung; Yang, Yue; Wang, Liping

2016-01-01

Coupled surface plasmon/phonon polaritons and hyperbolic modes are known to enhance radiative transfer across nanometer vacuum gaps but usually require identical materials. It becomes crucial to achieve strong near-field energy transfer between dissimilar materials for applications like near-field thermophotovoltaic and thermal rectification. In this work, we theoretically demonstrate enhanced near-field radiative transfer between a nanostructured metamaterial emitter and a graphene-covered planar receiver. Strong near-field coupling with two orders of magnitude enhancement in the spectral heat flux is achieved at the gap distance of 20 nm. By carefully selecting the graphene chemical potential and doping levels of silicon nanohole emitter and silicon plate receiver, the total near-field radiative heat flux can reach about 500 times higher than the far-field blackbody limit between 400 K and 300 K. The physical mechanism is elucidated by the near-field surface plasmon coupling with fluctuational electrodynamics and dispersion relations. The effects of graphene chemical potential, emitter and receiver doping levels, and vacuum gap distance on the near-field coupling and radiative energy transfer are analyzed in detail. - Highlights: • Near-field radiative transfer between a metamaterial and a graphene-covered plate is studied. • Effective medium theory with uniaxial optics is employed to model nanohole metamaterials. • Enhancement by 2 orders is found between dissimilar materials with graphene coating. • Extraordinary coupling of the nanostructured emitter with graphene is elucidated. • Effects of doping level of silicon and graphene chemical potential are investigated.

Nuclear hyperfine interactions and chemical bonding in high TC superconductors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Danon, J.

1987-01-01

Nuclear quadrupole resonances of Cu 63 and Fe 57 Moessbauer spectroscopy of the high temperature superconductor YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-γ e described together with synchrotron radiation studies of the copper oxidation states in this material. The Moessbauer spectra of 57 Fe in the two distinct crystallographic sites of the Cu atoms in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-γ are very similar from the quadrupole coupling point of view although exhibiting markedly different values for the isomer shift. The role of oxygen vacancies in the hyperfine interactions is discussed. (author) [pt

Interferometric study on the mass transfer in cryogenic distillation under magnetic field

Science.gov (United States)

Bao, S. R.; Zhang, R. P.; Y Rong, Y.; Zhi, X. Q.; Qiu, L. M.

2017-12-01

Cryogenic distillation has long been used for the mass production of industrial gases because of its features of high efficiency, high purity, and capability to produce noble gases. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore methods to improve the mass transfer efficiency in cryogenic distillation. The negative correlation between the susceptibility of paramagnetic oxygen and temperature provides a new possibility of comprehensive utilization of boiling point and susceptibility differences in cryogenic distillation. Starting from this concept, we proposed a novel distillation intensifying method by using gradient magnetic field, in which the magnetic forces enhance the transport of the oxygen molecules to the liquid phase in the distillation. In this study, a cryogenic testbed was designed and fabricated to study the diffusion between oxygen and nitrogen under magnetic field. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer was used to visualize the concentration distribution during the diffusion process. The mass transfer characteristics with and without magnetic field, in the chamber filled with the magnetized medium, were systematically studied. The concentration redistribution of oxygen was observed, and the stable stratified diffusion between liquid oxygen and nitrogen was prolonged by the non-uniform magnetic field. The experimental results show that the magnetic field can efficiently influence the mass transfer in cryogenic distillation, which can provide a new mechanism for the optimization of air separation process.

Hyperfine interaction measurements on ceramics: PZT revisited

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guarany, Cristiano A.; Araujo, Eudes B.; Silva, Paulo R.J.; Saitovitch, Henrique

2007-01-01

The solid solution of PbZr 1- x Ti x O 3 , known as lead-zirconate titanate (PZT), was probably one of the most studied ferroelectric materials, especially due to its excellent dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. The highest piezoelectric coefficients of the PZT are found near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) (0.46≤x≤0.49), between the tetragonal and rhombohedral regions of the composition-temperature phase diagram. Recently, a new monoclinic phase near the MPB was observed, which can be considered as a 'bridge' between PZT's tetragonal and rhombohedral phases. This work is concerned with the study of the structural properties of the ferroelectric PZT (Zr/Ti=52/48, 53/47) by hyperfine interaction (HI) measurements obtained from experiments performed by using the nuclear spectroscopy time differential perturbed angular correlation (TDPAC) in a wide temperature range

Hyperfine Structure of Spectral Lines of 143Nd+, 145Nd+, 139La+, 141Pr+ and 137Ba+ Investigated by Collinear Laser Ion Beam Spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anjum, N.

2012-01-01

In this research work the hyperfine structures of spectral lines of barium (Ba) and three lanthanides elements; praseodymium (Pr), lanthanum (La) and neodymium (Nd) have been investigated. The hyperfine splitting factors A and B of the involved levels have been determined with high accuracy and the data are compared with other published results. This research work is divided in four parts. In the 1st part, the hyperfine structures of the spectral lines of the singly ionized praseodymium (Pr II) are investigated by three different laser spectroscopic techniques; laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy, inter-modulated saturation spectroscopy and collinear laser ion beam spectroscopy (CLIBS). The 2nd part is concerned with the a control-check of the Marburg mass separator (MARS-II), as it was shifted from the University of Marburg, Germany, to Graz University of Technology in 2002. The check is performed using a well known spectral line 5853.67 Å of the odd isotope of singly ionized barium (137Ba II). In the 3rd part of this work the hyperfine structure of spectral lines of lanthanum-139 ions (139La II) is investigated. The 4th part is devoted to the investigation of the hyperfine structure of spectral lines of two odd isotopes of singly ionized neodymium (143Nd II and 145Nd II) and the determination of the coupling constants A and B of the involved levels. To determine the hyperfine anomaly the ratios of the magnetic dipole constants, i.e A143/A145, and the electric quadrupole constants B143/B145 of the corresponding levels are also calculated. The last three parts of this research project are executed using the high resolution, Doppler reduced method of CLIBS. In CLIBS technique the ions are accelerated by applying a high potential difference (∼ 20 kV). Due to the accelerating cooling (kinematic compression) the spread in velocities in the direction of the flight is reduced several times, hence the Doppler width is reduced. The accelerated ion beam is mass

Analysis of optical near-field energy transfer by stochastic model unifying architectural dependencies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Naruse, Makoto, E-mail: naruse@nict.go.jp [Photonic Network Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795 (Japan); Nanophotonics Research Center, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Akahane, Kouichi; Yamamoto, Naokatsu [Photonic Network Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795 (Japan); Holmström, Petter [Laboratory of Photonics and Microwave Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), SE-164 40 Kista (Sweden); Thylén, Lars [Laboratory of Photonics and Microwave Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), SE-164 40 Kista (Sweden); Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, California 94304 (United States); Huant, Serge [Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Joseph Fourier, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 (France); Ohtsu, Motoichi [Nanophotonics Research Center, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan)

2014-04-21

We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate energy transfer mediated by optical near-field interactions in a multi-layer InAs quantum dot (QD) structure composed of a single layer of larger dots and N layers of smaller ones. We construct a stochastic model in which optical near-field interactions that follow a Yukawa potential, QD size fluctuations, and temperature-dependent energy level broadening are unified, enabling us to examine device-architecture-dependent energy transfer efficiencies. The model results are consistent with the experiments. This study provides an insight into optical energy transfer involving inherent disorders in materials and paves the way to systematic design principles of nanophotonic devices that will allow optimized performance and the realization of designated functions.

Analysis of optical near-field energy transfer by stochastic model unifying architectural dependencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naruse, Makoto; Akahane, Kouichi; Yamamoto, Naokatsu; Holmström, Petter; Thylén, Lars; Huant, Serge; Ohtsu, Motoichi

2014-01-01

We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate energy transfer mediated by optical near-field interactions in a multi-layer InAs quantum dot (QD) structure composed of a single layer of larger dots and N layers of smaller ones. We construct a stochastic model in which optical near-field interactions that follow a Yukawa potential, QD size fluctuations, and temperature-dependent energy level broadening are unified, enabling us to examine device-architecture-dependent energy transfer efficiencies. The model results are consistent with the experiments. This study provides an insight into optical energy transfer involving inherent disorders in materials and paves the way to systematic design principles of nanophotonic devices that will allow optimized performance and the realization of designated functions

Fine-hyperfine splittings of quarkonium levels in an effective power-law potential

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barik, N.; Jena, S.N.

1980-01-01

We have shown that an effective non-coulombic power-law potential generating spin dependence through scalar and vector exchanges in almost equal proportions along with a very small or zero quark anomalous moment can describe very satisfactorily the up-to-date data on the fine-hyperfine levels and the leptonic width ratios of the vector mesons in the cc and bb families in a flavour independent manner. (orig.)

The contribution of axial-vector mesons to hyperfine structure of muonic hydrogen

OpenAIRE

Dorokhov, A. E.; Kochelev, N. I.; Martynenko, A. P.; Martynenko, F. A.; Radzhabov, A. E.

2017-01-01

The contribution from the axial-vector meson exchange to the potential of the muon–proton interaction in muonic hydrogen induced by anomalous axial-vector meson coupling to two photon state is calculated. It is shown that such contribution to the hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen is large and important for a comparison with precise experimental data. In the light of our result, the proton radius “puzzle” is discussed.

Orbital hyperfine interaction and qubit dephasing in carbon nanotube quantum dots

Science.gov (United States)

Palyi, Andras; Csiszar, Gabor

2015-03-01

Hyperfine interaction (HF) is of key importance for the functionality of solid-state quantum information processing, as it affects qubit coherence and enables nuclear-spin quantum memories. In this work, we complete the theory of the basic hyperfine interaction mechanisms (Fermi contact, dipolar, orbital) in carbon nanotube quantum dots by providing a theoretical description of the orbital HF. We find that orbital HF induces an interaction between the nuclear spins of the nanotube lattice and the valley degree of freedom of the electrons confined in the quantum dot. We show that the resulting nuclear-spin-electron-valley interaction (i) is approximately of Ising type, (ii) is essentially local, in the sense that an effective atomic interaction strength can be defined, and (iii) has a strength that is comparable to the combined strength of Fermi contact and dipolar interactions. We argue that orbital HF provides a new decoherence mechanism for single-electron valley qubits and spin-valley qubits in a range of multi-valley materials. We explicitly evaluate the corresponding inhomogeneous dephasing time T2* for a nanotube-based valley qubit. We acknowledge funding from the EU Marie Curie CIG-293834, OTKA Grant PD 100373, and EU ERC Starting Grant CooPairEnt 258789. AP is supported by the Janos Bolyai Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

In situ study of electric field controlled ion transport in the Fe/BaTiO3 interface

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Merkel, D. G.; Bessas, D.; Bazso, G.

2018-01-01

Electric field controlled ion transport and interface formation of iron thin films on a BaTiO3 substrate have been investigated by in situ nuclear resonance scattering and x-ray reflectometry techniques. At early stage of deposition, an iron-II oxide interface layer was observed. The hyperfine...... parameters of the interface layer were found insensitive to the evaporated layer thickness. When an electric field was applied during growth, a 10 angstrom increase of the nonmagnetic/magnetic thickness threshold and an extended magnetic transition region was measured compared to the case where no field...... was applied. The interface layer was found stable under this threshold when further evaporation occurred, contrary to the magnetic layer where the magnitude and orientation of the hyperfine magnetic field vary continuously. The obtained results of the growth mechanism and of the electric field effect...

Hyperfine interactions: the past, the present and the future

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Langouche, Guido, E-mail: guido.langouche@kuleuven.be [Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Physics Department, Institute of Nuclear and Radiation Physics (Belgium)

2008-01-15

Five major hyperfine interaction techniques, detected by nuclear radiation, originated in the short time span between 1950 and 1965. The coincidence with the demographic expansion, especially in Europe, of university education led to the creation of many new research laboratories applying these promising techniques in solid state physics, chemistry and biology. Since the turn of century many of the early pioneers are going into retirement, leading to a decline in activities in Europe, compensated in some degree by an increase in activities outside Europe. The organisation of the 2007 HI/NQI-conference was impeccable and took place in a superb setting. Thanks to all those involved in its organization.

Improved Study of the Antiprotonic Helium Hyperfine Structure

CERN Document Server

Pask, T.; Dax, A.; Hayano, R.S.; Hori, M.; Horvath, D.; Juhasz, B.; Malbrunot, C.; Marton, J.; Ono, N.; Suzuki, K.; Zmeskal, J.; Widmann, E.

2008-01-01

We report the initial results from a systematic study of the hyperfine (HF) structure of antiprotonic helium (n,l) = (37,~35) carried out at the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) at CERN. We performed a laser-microwave-laser resonance spectroscopy using a continuous wave (cw) pulse-amplified laser system and microwave cavity to measure the HF transition frequencies. Improvements in the spectral linewidth and stability of our laser system have increased the precision of these measurements by a factor of five and reduced the line width by a factor of three compared to our previous results. A comparison of the experimentally measured transition frequencies with three body QED calculations can be used to determine the antiproton spin magnetic moment, leading towards a test of CPT invariance.

Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Transfer Processes in Heterogeneous Systems

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Levdansky, V.V.; Kim, H. Y.; Kim, H. C.; Smolík, Jiří; Moravec, Pavel

2001-01-01

Roč. 44, č. 5 (2001), s. 1065-1071 ISSN 0017-9310 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z4072921 Keywords : electromagnetic field * transfer processes * heterogeneous system Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 1.240, year: 2001

Enhancement of the Performance of a Transfer Field Electric ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This paper reports the enhancement of the output power and power factor of a transfer field machine operating in the asynchronous mode by direct capacitance injection into the auxiliary winding of the machine, which is electrically isolated from the main winding but magnetically coupled to it. It is shown that by proper ...

The contribution of pseudoscalar mesons to hyperfine structure of muonic hydrogen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dorokhov, A.E.; Kochelev, N.I.; Martynenko, A.P.; Martynenko, F.A.; Faustov, R.N.

2017-01-01

In the framework of the quasipotential method in quantum electrodynamics we calculate the contribution of pseudoscalar mesons to the interaction operator of a muon and a proton in muonic hydrogen atom. The parametrization of the transition form factor of two photons into π, η mesons, based on the experimental data on the transition form factors and QCD asymptotics is used. Numerical estimates of the contributions to the hyperfine structure of the spectrum of the S and P levels are presented.

The contribution of pseudoscalar mesons to hyperfine structure of muonic hydrogen

OpenAIRE

Dorokhov, A. E.; Kochelev, N. I.; Martynenko, A. P.; Martynenko, F. A.; Faustov, R. N.

2017-01-01

In the framework of the quasipotential method in quantum electrodynamics we calculate the contribution of pseudoscalar mesons to the interaction operator of a muon and a proton in muonic hydrogen atom. The parametrization of the transition form factor of two photons into $\\pi$, $\\eta$ mesons, based on the experimental data on the transition form factors and QCD asymptotics is used. Numerical estimates of the contributions to the hyperfine structure of the spectrum of the S and P levels are pr...

Passive Shielding Effect on Space Profile of Magnetic Field Emissions for Wireless Power Transfer to Vehicles

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Batra, Tushar; Schaltz, Erik

2015-01-01

Magnetic fields emitted by wireless power transfer systems are of high importance with respect to human safety and health. Aluminum and ferrite are used in the system to reduce the fields and are termed as passive shielding. In this paper, the influence of these materials on the space profile has...... fields for wireless power transfer for vehicle applications....

Experimental study on heat transfer augmentation of graphene based ferrofluids in presence of magnetic field

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sadeghinezhad, Emad; Mehrali, Mohammad; Akhiani, Amir Reza

2017-01-01

The effect of a permanent magnetic field on the heat transfer characteristics of hybrid graphene-magnetite nanofluids (hybrid nanofluid) under forced laminar flow was experimentally investigated. For this purpose, a reduced graphene oxide-Fe3O4 was synthesized by using two-dimensional (2D) graphene...... and it shows that the thermal conductivity increased up to 11%. The hybrid nanofluid behaves as a Newtonian fluid with liquid like behavior with superparamagnetic properties as was evident from its magnetic saturation value at 45.9 emu/g. Moreover, the experimental heat-transfer results indicated that the heat...... transfer enhancement of the hybrid nanofluid compared to the control fluid (distilled water) was negligible when no magnetic field was applied. Additionally, the convective heat transfer was significantly improved under the influence of a magnetic field with a maximum enhancement of 82% in terms...

Fine- and hyperfine structure investigations of the even-parity configuration system of the atomic holmium

Science.gov (United States)

Stefanska, D.; Ruczkowski, J.; Elantkowska, M.; Furmann, B.

2018-04-01

In this work new experimental results concerning the hyperfine structure (hfs) for the even-parity level system of the holmium atom (Ho I) were obtained; additionally, hfs data obtained recently as a by-product in investigations of the odd-parity level system were summarized. In the present work the values of the magnetic dipole and the electric quadrupole hfs constants A and B were determined for 24 even-parity levels, for 14 of them for the first time. On the basis of these results, as well as on available literature data, a parametric study of the fine structure and the hyperfine structure for the even-parity configurations of atomic holmium was performed. A multi-configuration fit of 7 configurations was carried out, taking into account second-order of the perturbation theory. For unknown electronic levels predicted values of the level energies and hfs constants are given, which can facilitate further experimental investigations.

Electronic structure of radiation damage centre in zinc silicate from ESR hyperfine data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prasad, C.; Chakravarty, Sulata

1979-01-01

The occurrence of an ESR spectrum with six hyperfine components in X-irradiated zinc silicate, Zn 2 SiO was reported earlier. It is known that by the use of the experimental ESR data it is possible to work out the electronic structure of the paramagnetic damage center. The values of the hyperfine parameters A and B have been utilized to calculate the values of f'sub(s) and fsub(sigma), the fractional occupation of the 3s and 3psub(sigma) orbitals of the metal atom by the unpaired electron. The metal atom is 27 Al (I = 5/2, n.a. = 100%) which is present as an impurity in the lattice and occupies silicon sites. The bonding between the metal atom and each of the surrounding oxygen atom is assumed to be of the sigma-type. The values obtained for the fractional occupation are : f'sub(s) = 0.71 x 10sup(-2), fsub(sigma) = 14.65 x10sup(-2). The unpaired electron appears to belong to the ligand atom and is moderately delocalised on the Al atom where it occupies mainly the 3psup(sigma) orbital and not the 3s orbital. (auth.)

Computation of the hyperfine structure in the (α-μ- e-)0 atom

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amusia, M.Ya.; Kuchiev, M.Ju.; Yakhontov, V.L.

1983-01-01

Computation of the ground-state hyperfine splitting of neutral muonic helium (α-μ - e - ) 0 has been carried out. Account of two terms in the expansion of this quantity in power series of a small parameter #betta# of the order of msub(e)/msub(μ) of the order of 1/200 results in the energy splitting value δ#betta# = 4462.9 MHz in good agreement with previously obtained experimental and theoretical values. (author)

Hyperfine interaction measurements on ceramics: PZT revisited

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guarany, Cristiano A. [Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Departmento de Fisica Quimica, Caixa Postal 31, 15.385-000 Ilha Solteira, SP (Brazil); Araujo, Eudes B. [Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Departmento de Fisica Quimica, Caixa Postal 31, 15.385-000 Ilha Solteira, SP (Brazil); Silva, Paulo R.J. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas-Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud, 150, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Saitovitch, Henrique [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas-Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud, 150, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)]. E-mail: henrique@cbpf.br

2007-02-01

The solid solution of PbZr{sub 1-} {sub x} Ti {sub x} O{sub 3}, known as lead-zirconate titanate (PZT), was probably one of the most studied ferroelectric materials, especially due to its excellent dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. The highest piezoelectric coefficients of the PZT are found near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) (0.46{<=}x{<=}0.49), between the tetragonal and rhombohedral regions of the composition-temperature phase diagram. Recently, a new monoclinic phase near the MPB was observed, which can be considered as a 'bridge' between PZT's tetragonal and rhombohedral phases. This work is concerned with the study of the structural properties of the ferroelectric PZT (Zr/Ti=52/48, 53/47) by hyperfine interaction (HI) measurements obtained from experiments performed by using the nuclear spectroscopy time differential perturbed angular correlation (TDPAC) in a wide temperature range.

High-precision QED calculations of the hyperfine structure in hydrogen and transition rates in multicharged ions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Volotka, A.V.

2006-07-01

Studies of the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen are strongly motivated by the level of accuracy achieved in recent atomic physics experiments, which yield finally model-independent informations about nuclear structure parameters with utmost precision. Considering the current status of the determination of corrections to the hyperfine splitting of the ground state in hydrogen, this thesis provides further improved calculations by taking into account the most recent value for the proton charge radius. Comparing theoretical and experimental data of the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen the proton-size contribution is extracted and a relativistic formula for this contribution is derived in terms of moments of the nuclear charge and magnetization distributions. An iterative scheme for the determination of the Zemach and magnetic radii of the proton is proposed. As a result, the Zemach and magnetic radii are determined and the values are compared with the corresponding ones deduced from data obtained in electron-proton scattering experiments. The extraction of the Zemach radius from a rescaled difference between the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen and in muonium is considered as well. Investigations of forbidden radiative transitions in few-electron ions within ab initio QED provide a most sensitive tool for probing the influence of relativistic electron-correlation and QED corrections to the transition rates. Accordingly, a major part of this thesis is devoted to detailed studies of radiative and interelectronic-interaction effects to the transition probabilities. The renormalized expressions for the corresponding corrections in one- and twoelectron ions as well as for ions with one electron over closed shells are derived employing the two-time Green's function method. Numerical results for the correlation corrections to magnetic transition rates in He-like ions are presented. For the first time also the frequency-dependent contribution is calculated, which has to be

High-precision QED calculations of the hyperfine structure in hydrogen and transition rates in multicharged ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volotka, A.V.

2006-01-01

Studies of the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen are strongly motivated by the level of accuracy achieved in recent atomic physics experiments, which yield finally model-independent informations about nuclear structure parameters with utmost precision. Considering the current status of the determination of corrections to the hyperfine splitting of the ground state in hydrogen, this thesis provides further improved calculations by taking into account the most recent value for the proton charge radius. Comparing theoretical and experimental data of the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen the proton-size contribution is extracted and a relativistic formula for this contribution is derived in terms of moments of the nuclear charge and magnetization distributions. An iterative scheme for the determination of the Zemach and magnetic radii of the proton is proposed. As a result, the Zemach and magnetic radii are determined and the values are compared with the corresponding ones deduced from data obtained in electron-proton scattering experiments. The extraction of the Zemach radius from a rescaled difference between the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen and in muonium is considered as well. Investigations of forbidden radiative transitions in few-electron ions within ab initio QED provide a most sensitive tool for probing the influence of relativistic electron-correlation and QED corrections to the transition rates. Accordingly, a major part of this thesis is devoted to detailed studies of radiative and interelectronic-interaction effects to the transition probabilities. The renormalized expressions for the corresponding corrections in one- and twoelectron ions as well as for ions with one electron over closed shells are derived employing the two-time Green's function method. Numerical results for the correlation corrections to magnetic transition rates in He-like ions are presented. For the first time also the frequency-dependent contribution is calculated, which has to be

Nonrelativistic hyperfine splitting in muonic helium by adiabatic perturbation theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Drachman, R.J.

1980-01-01

Huang and Hughes have recently discussed the hyperfine splitting Δν of muonic helium (α ++ μ - e - ) using a variational approach. In this paper, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation is used to simplify the evaluation of Δν in the nonrelativistic limit. The first-order perturbed wave function of the electron is obtained in closed form by slightly modifying the method used by Dalgarno and Lynn. The result Δν=4450 MHz, is quite close to the published result of Huang and Hughes 4455.2 +- 1 MHz, which required a very large Hylleraas expansion as well as considerable extrapolation

Isotope shifts and hyperfine splittings in 144-154Sm I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

England, J.G.; Grant, I.S.; Newton, G.W.A.; Walker, P.M.

1990-01-01

The isotope shifts and hyperfine splittings have been measured in 144-154 Sm I using the crossed-beam laser fluorescence method. Transitions at 598.98 nm and 570.68 nm were investigated for all isotopes except 146 Sm and 153 Sm, in which measurements were only obtained at 570.68 nm. Laser-induced fluorescence has not previously been reported for 145 Sm. The magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments of the odd isotopes and the changes in mean square radii of the even ones are shown to be consistent with the information obtained from nuclear spectroscopy. (author)

Extremely environment-hard and low work function transfer-mold field emitter arrays

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamoto, Masayuki, E-mail: m-nakamoto@rie.shizuoka.ac.jp [Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8011 (Japan); Moon, Jonghyun [Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8011 (Japan)

2013-06-15

Extremely environment-hard and low work function field-emitter arrays (FEAs) were fabricated by a transfer-mold emitter fabrication method to produce highly reliable vacuum nanoelectronic devices able to operate stably at low voltage in highly oxidizing atmospheres. Amorphous carbon (a-C) having a work function of 3.6 eV and sp{sup 3} fraction of 85.6% prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition was used as the emitter material. The field-emission characteristics of the obtained transfer-mold FEAs strongly depended on their work function and morphology. The environment-hard characteristics of the transfer-mold a-C FEAs were compared with those of the transfer-mold titanium nitride FEAs and nickel FEAs. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to confirm the stable chemical states of the FEAs after oxygen radical treatment. The small amount of material oxidized (6.3%) at the surface of the a-C FEAs compared with 11.8% for the TiN-FEAs and 39.0% for Ni FEAs after oxygen radical treatment explained their almost constant work function in oxidizing atmospheres. The emission fluctuation rates of transfer-mold a-C FEAs without resistive layers under in situ radical treatment were as low as ±5.0%, compared with 5–100% for conventional FEAs with resistive layers not under highly oxidizing atmospheres. Therefore, the present environment-hard and low work function transfer-mold a-C FEAs are expected to be useful for reliable vacuum nanoelectronic devices.

Hyperfine structure in the Gd II spectrum and the nuclear electric quadrupole moment of 157Gd

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clieves, H.P.; Steudel, A.

1979-01-01

The hyperfine structure of 157 Gd was investigated in 20 Gd II lines by means of a photoelectric recording Fabry-Perot interferometer with digital data processing. The hyperfine splitting factors, A and B, were obtained by computer fits to the observed line structures. Using a multiconfigurational set of wave functions in intermediate coupling derived by Wyart, mono-electronic parameters were deduced by a parametric treatment. The nuclear electric quadrupole moment of 157 Gd was evaluated from the quadrupole interaction of the 5d electron in 4f 7 5d6s, the 5d electron in 4f 7 5d6p, and the 6p electron in 4f 7 5d6p. The three values obtained for the quadrupole moment agree very well. The final result, corrected for Sternheimer shielding, is Q( 157 Gd) = 1.34(7) x 10 -24 cm 2 . (orig.) [de

Ultra-portable field transfer radiometer for vicarious calibration of earth imaging sensors

Science.gov (United States)

Thome, Kurtis; Wenny, Brian; Anderson, Nikolaus; McCorkel, Joel; Czapla-Myers, Jeffrey; Biggar, Stuart

2018-06-01

A small portable transfer radiometer has been developed as part of an effort to ensure the quality of upwelling radiance from test sites used for vicarious calibration in the solar reflective. The test sites are used to predict top-of-atmosphere reflectance relying on ground-based measurements of the atmosphere and surface. The portable transfer radiometer is designed for one-person operation for on-site field calibration of instrumentation used to determine ground-leaving radiance. The current work describes the detector- and source-based radiometric calibration of the transfer radiometer highlighting the expected accuracy and SI-traceability. The results indicate differences between the detector-based and source-based results greater than the combined uncertainties of the approaches. Results from recent field deployments of the transfer radiometer using a solar radiation based calibration agree with the source-based laboratory calibration within the combined uncertainties of the methods. The detector-based results show a significant difference to the solar-based calibration. The source-based calibration is used as the basis for a radiance-based calibration of the Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager that agrees with the OLI calibration to within the uncertainties of the methods.

In situ study of electric field controlled ion transport in the Fe/BaTiO3 interface

Science.gov (United States)

Merkel, D. G.; Bessas, D.; Bazsó, G.; Jafari, A.; Rüffer, R.; Chumakov, A. I.; Khanh, N. Q.; Sajti, Sz; Celse, J.-P.; Nagy, D. L.

2018-01-01

Electric field controlled ion transport and interface formation of iron thin films on a BaTiO3 substrate have been investigated by in situ nuclear resonance scattering and x-ray reflectometry techniques. At early stage of deposition, an iron-II oxide interface layer was observed. The hyperfine parameters of the interface layer were found insensitive to the evaporated layer thickness. When an electric field was applied during growth, a 10 Å increase of the nonmagnetic/magnetic thickness threshold and an extended magnetic transition region was measured compared to the case where no field was applied. The interface layer was found stable under this threshold when further evaporation occurred, contrary to the magnetic layer where the magnitude and orientation of the hyperfine magnetic field vary continuously. The obtained results of the growth mechanism and of the electric field effect of the Fe/BTO system will allow the design of novel applications by creating custom oxide/metallic nanopatterns using laterally inhomogeneous electric fields during sample preparation.

Investigation of hyperfine interactions in DNA and antibody of different lineages of mice infected by T. cruzi by perturbed gamma-gamma angular correlation spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Andreia dos Santos

2012-01-01

In the present work perturbed angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy was used to measured electric quadrupole interactions in DNA biomolecules of different mice lineages (A/J, C57BL/6, B6AF1, BXA1 e BXA2), samples of different isotypes of immunoglobulin G (IgG1, IgG2a e IgG2b) and active portions of complete and fragmented immunoglobulin responsible by the immune response. Electric quadrupole interactions were also measured in DNA nitrogenous bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine). PAC measurements were performed using 111 In → 111C d; 111mC d → 111 Cd; 111 Ag → 111 Cd; e 181 Hf → 181 Ta as probe nuclei, and carried out at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature, in order to investigate dynamic and static hyperfine interactions, respectively. The biomolecule samples were directly marked with the radioactive parent nuclei, whose atom link to a certain site in the biomolecules. The biological materials as well as the probe nuclei were chosen to investigate the possibility to use PAC spectroscopy to measure hyperfine parameters at nuclei from metallic elements bound to biomolecules (including the use of different probe nuclei produced in the decay of parent nuclei of four different metals) and also to study the behavior of different biomolecules by means of the measured hyperfine parameters. Results show differences in the hyperfine interactions of probe nuclei bound to the studied biomolecules. Such differences were observed by variations in the hyperfine parameters, which depend on the type of biomolecule and the results also show that the probe nuclei atom bound to the molecule in some cases and in others do not. (author)

Application research of computational mass-transfer differential equation in MBR concentration field simulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Chunqing; Tie, Xiaobo; Liang, Kai; Ji, Chanjuan

2016-01-01

After conducting the intensive research on the distribution of fluid's velocity and biochemical reactions in the membrane bioreactor (MBR), this paper introduces the use of the mass-transfer differential equation to simulate the distribution of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in MBR membrane pool. The solutions are as follows: first, use computational fluid dynamics to establish a flow control equation model of the fluid in MBR membrane pool; second, calculate this model by adopting direct numerical simulation to get the velocity field of the fluid in membrane pool; third, combine the data of velocity field to establish mass-transfer differential equation model for the concentration field in MBR membrane pool, and use Seidel iteration method to solve the equation model; last but not least, substitute the real factory data into the velocity and concentration field model to calculate simulation results, and use visualization software Tecplot to display the results. Finally by analyzing the nephogram of COD concentration distribution, it can be found that the simulation result conforms the distribution rule of the COD's concentration in real membrane pool, and the mass-transfer phenomenon can be affected by the velocity field of the fluid in membrane pool. The simulation results of this paper have certain reference value for the design optimization of the real MBR system.

Standard guide for data fields for computerized transfer of digital radiological examination data

CERN Document Server

American Society for Testing and Materials. Philadelphia

2008-01-01

1.1 This guide provides a listing and description of the fields that are recommended for inclusion in a digital radiological examination data base to facilitate the transfer of such data. This guide sets guidelines for the format of data fields for computerized transfer of digital image files obtained from radiographic, radioscopic, computed radiographic, or other radiological examination systems. The field listing includes those fields regarded as necessary for inclusion in the data base: (1) regardless of the radiological examination method (as indicated by Footnote C in Table 1), (2) for radioscopic examination (as indicated by Footnote E in Table 1), and (3) for radiographic examination (as indicated by Footnote D in Table 1). In addition, other optional fields are listed as a reminder of the types of information that may be useful for additional understanding of the data or applicable to a limited number of applications. 1.2 It is recognized that organizations may have in place an internal format for the...

Study of hyperfine interactions in intermetallic compounds Gd(Ni,Pd,Cu)In, Tb(Ni,Pd)In, Dy(Ni,Pd)In and Ho(Ni,Pd)In; Estudo de interacoes hiperfinas em compostos intermetalicos Gd(Ni,Pd,Cu)In, Tb(Ni,Pd)In, Dy(Ni,Pd)In e Ho(Ni,Pd)In

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lapolli, Andre Luis

2006-07-01

Systematic behavior of magnetic hyperfine field (B{sub hf}) in the intermetallic compounds Gd(Ni,Pd,Cu)In Tb(Ni,Pd)In, Dy(Ni,Pd)In and Ho(Ni,Pd)In was studied by Perturbed Gamma-Gamma Angular Correlation spectroscopy. The measurements of B{sub hf} were carried out at the rare earth atom and in sites using the nuclear probes {sup 140}Ce and {sup 11}'1Cd respectively. The variation of hyperfine field with temperature, in most cases, follows the Brillouin function predicted from the molecular field theory. The hyperfine field values at rare earth atom sites obtained from {sup 140}Ce probe as well as at in sites obtained from {sup 111}Cd probe for each series of compounds were extrapolated to zero Kelvin B{sub hf}(T=0) from these curves. These values were compared with the values of the literature for other compounds containing the same rare earth element and all of them show a linear relationship with the ordering temperature. This indicates that the main contribution to B{sub hf} comes from the conduction electron polarization (CEP) through Fermi contact interaction and the principal mechanism of magnetic interaction in these compounds can be described by the RKKY type interaction. The values of B{sub hf}(T=0) for each family of intermetallic compounds RNiIn and RPdIn when plotted as a function of 4f spin projection of rare earth element also shows a linear relationship. Exceptions are the results for the compounds RNiIn obtained with {sup 111}Cd probe where a small deviation from linearity is observed. The results of the measurements carried out with the {sup 111}Cd probe were also analyzed to obtain the hyperfine parameters of the quadrupole interaction as a function of temperature for RPdln and GdNiIn compounds. The results show that for the compound GdPdIn there might be some Gd-In disorder at high temperature. (author)

Study of hyperfine interactions in intermetallic compounds Gd(Ni,Pd,Cu)In, Tb(Ni,Pd)In, Dy(Ni,Pd)In and Ho(Ni,Pd)In; Estudo de interacoes hiperfinas em compostos intermetalicos Gd(Ni,Pd,Cu)In, Tb(Ni,Pd)In, Dy(Ni,Pd)In e Ho(Ni,Pd)In

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lapolli, Andre Luis

2006-07-01

Systematic behavior of magnetic hyperfine field (B{sub hf}) in the intermetallic compounds Gd(Ni,Pd,Cu)In Tb(Ni,Pd)In, Dy(Ni,Pd)In and Ho(Ni,Pd)In was studied by Perturbed Gamma-Gamma Angular Correlation spectroscopy. The measurements of B{sub hf} were carried out at the rare earth atom and in sites using the nuclear probes {sup 140}Ce and {sup 11}'1Cd respectively. The variation of hyperfine field with temperature, in most cases, follows the Brillouin function predicted from the molecular field theory. The hyperfine field values at rare earth atom sites obtained from {sup 140}Ce probe as well as at in sites obtained from {sup 111}Cd probe for each series of compounds were extrapolated to zero Kelvin B{sub hf}(T=0) from these curves. These values were compared with the values of the literature for other compounds containing the same rare earth element and all of them show a linear relationship with the ordering temperature. This indicates that the main contribution to B{sub hf} comes from the conduction electron polarization (CEP) through Fermi contact interaction and the principal mechanism of magnetic interaction in these compounds can be described by the RKKY type interaction. The values of B{sub hf}(T=0) for each family of intermetallic compounds RNiIn and RPdIn when plotted as a function of 4f spin projection of rare earth element also shows a linear relationship. Exceptions are the results for the compounds RNiIn obtained with {sup 111}Cd probe where a small deviation from linearity is observed. The results of the measurements carried out with the {sup 111}Cd probe were also analyzed to obtain the hyperfine parameters of the quadrupole interaction as a function of temperature for RPdln and GdNiIn compounds. The results show that for the compound GdPdIn there might be some Gd-In disorder at high temperature. (author)

New theory of radiative energy transfer in free electromagnetic fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wolf, E.

1976-01-01

A new theory of radiative energy transfer in free, statistically stationary electromagnetic fields is presented. It provides a model for energy transport that is rigorous both within the framework of the stochastic theory of the classical field as well as within the framework of the theory of the quantized field. Unlike the usual phenomenological model of radiative energy transfer that centers around a single scalar quantity (the specific intensity of radiation), our theory brings into evidence the need for characterizing the energy transport by means of two (related) quantities: a scalar and a vector that may be identified, in a well-defined sense, with ''angular components'' of the average electromagnetic energy density and of the average Poynting vector, respectively. Both of them are defined in terms of invariants of certain new electromagnetic correlation tensors. In the special case when the field is statistically homogeneous, our model reduces to the usual one and our angular component of the average electromagnetic energy density, when multiplied by the vacuum speed of light, then acquires all the properties of the specific intensity of radiation. When the field is not statistically homogeneous our model approximates to the usual phenomenological one, provided that the angular correlations between plane wave modes of the field extend over a sufficiently small solid angle of directions about the direction of propagation of each mode. It is tentatively suggested that, when suitably normalized, our angular component of the average electromagnetic energy density may be interpreted as a quasi-probability (general quantum-mechancial phase-space distribution function, such as Wigner's) for the position and the momentum of a photon

Hyperfine interactions of {beta}-emitter {sup 12}N in TiO{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maruyama, Yukiko [Osaka Univ., Toyonaka (Japan). Faculty of Science; Izumikawa, Takuji; Tanigaki, Minoru [and others

1997-03-01

Hyperfine interactions of {beta}-emitter {sup 12}N (I{sup {pi}} = 1{sup -}, T{sub 1/2} 11ms) in TiO{sub 2} has been studied. A {beta}-NMR spectrum on the polarized {sup 12}N implanted in TiO{sub 2} shows that {sup 12}N are located at two different sites and maintain about 100% of initial polarization. These are the first phenomena observed in ionic crystals. (author)

Matrix elements of hyperfine structure operators in the SL and jj representations for the s, pN, and dN configurations and the SL-jj transformation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Childs, W.J.

1997-01-01

Matrix elements of the hyperfine operators corresponding to the magnetic-dipole (A) and electric-quadrupole (B) hyperfine structures constants are given as linear combinations of the appropriate radial integrals for all states of the s, p N , and d N configurations in both the SL and pure jj representations. The associated SL-jj transformations are also given. 13 refs., 10 tabs

Polymer-free graphene transfer for enhanced reliability of graphene field-effect transistors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Hamin; Park, Ick-Joon; Jung, Dae Yool; Lee, Khang June; Yang, Sang Yoon; Choi, Sung-Yool

2016-01-01

We propose a polymer-free graphene transfer technique for chemical vapor deposition-grown graphene to ensure the intrinsic electrical properties of graphene for reliable transistor applications. The use of a metal catalyst as a supporting layer avoids contamination from the polymer material and graphene films become free of polymer residue after the transfer process. Atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy indicate that the polymer-free transferred graphene shows closer properties to intrinsic graphene properties. The reliability of graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) was investigated through the analysis of the negative gate bias-stress-induced instability. This work reveals the effect of polymer residues on the reliability of GFETs, and that the developed new polymer-free transfer method enhances the reliability. (letter)

Hyperfine structure of electronic levels and the first measurement of the nuclear magnetic moment of {sup 63}Ni

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

D' yachkov, A.B.; Firsov, V.A.; Gorkunov, A.A.; Labozin, A.V.; Mironov, S.M.; Saperstein, E.E.; Tolokonnikov, S.V.; Tsvetkov, G.O.; Panchenko, V.Y. [National Research Center ' ' Kurchatov Institute' ' , Moscow (Russian Federation)

2017-01-15

Laser resonant photoionization spectroscopy was used to study the hyperfine structure of the optical 3d{sup 8}4s{sup 2} {sup 3}F{sub 4} → 3d{sup 8}4s4p {sup 3}G{sup o}{sub 3} and 3d{sup 9}4s {sup 3}D{sub 3} → 3d{sup 8}4s4p {sup 3}G{sup o}{sub 3} transitions of {sup 63}Ni and {sup 61}Ni isotopes. Experimental spectra allowed us to derive hyperfine interaction constants and determine the magnetic dipole moment of the nuclear ground state of {sup 63}Ni for the first time: μ = +0.496(5)μ{sub N}. The value obtained agrees well with the prediction of the self-consistent theory of finite Fermi systems. (orig.)

High-Fidelity Quantum Logic Gates Using Trapped-Ion Hyperfine Qubits.

Science.gov (United States)

Ballance, C J; Harty, T P; Linke, N M; Sepiol, M A; Lucas, D M

2016-08-05

We demonstrate laser-driven two-qubit and single-qubit logic gates with respective fidelities 99.9(1)% and 99.9934(3)%, significantly above the ≈99% minimum threshold level required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, using qubits stored in hyperfine ground states of calcium-43 ions held in a room-temperature trap. We study the speed-fidelity trade-off for the two-qubit gate, for gate times between 3.8  μs and 520  μs, and develop a theoretical error model which is consistent with the data and which allows us to identify the principal technical sources of infidelity.

Hyperfine Structure and Isotope Shifts in Dy II

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dylan F. Del Papa

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Using fast-ion-beam laser-fluorescence spectroscopy (FIBLAS, we have measured the hyperfine structure (hfs of 14 levels and an additional four transitions in Dy II and the isotope shifts (IS of 12 transitions in the wavelength range of 422–460 nm. These are the first precision measurements of this kind in Dy II. Along with hfs and IS, new undocumented transitions were discovered within 3 GHz of the targeted transitions. These atomic data are essential for astrophysical studies of chemical abundances, allowing correction for saturation and the effects of blended lines. Lanthanide abundances are important in diffusion modeling of stellar interiors, and in the mechanisms and history of nucleosynthesis in the universe. Hfs and IS also play an important role in the classification of energy levels, and provide a benchmark for theoretical atomic structure calculations.

Near-field effects and energy transfer in hybrid metal-oxide nanostructures.

Science.gov (United States)

Herr, Ulrich; Kuerbanjiang, Balati; Benel, Cahit; Papageorgiou, Giorgos; Goncalves, Manuel; Boneberg, Johannes; Leiderer, Paul; Ziemann, Paul; Marek, Peter; Hahn, Horst

2013-01-01

One of the big challenges of the 21st century is the utilization of nanotechnology for energy technology. Nanoscale structures may provide novel functionality, which has been demonstrated most convincingly by successful applications such as dye-sensitized solar cells introduced by M. Grätzel. Applications in energy technology are based on the transfer and conversion of energy. Following the example of photosynthesis, this requires a combination of light harvesting, transfer of energy to a reaction center, and conversion to other forms of energy by charge separation and transfer. This may be achieved by utilizing hybrid nanostructures, which combine metallic and nonmetallic components. Metallic nanostructures can interact strongly with light. Plasmonic excitations of such structures can cause local enhancement of the electrical field, which has been utilized in spectroscopy for many years. On the other hand, the excited states in metallic structures decay over very short lifetimes. Longer lifetimes of excited states occur in nonmetallic nanostructures, which makes them attractive for further energy transfer before recombination or relaxation sets in. Therefore, the combination of metallic nanostructures with nonmetallic materials is of great interest. We report investigations of hybrid nanostructured model systems that consist of a combination of metallic nanoantennas (fabricated by nanosphere lithography, NSL) and oxide nanoparticles. The oxide particles were doped with rare-earth (RE) ions, which show a large shift between absorption and emission wavelengths, allowing us to investigate the energy-transfer processes in detail. The main focus is on TiO2 nanoparticles doped with Eu(3+), since the material is interesting for applications such as the generation of hydrogen by photocatalytic splitting of water molecules. We use high-resolution techniques such as confocal fluorescence microscopy for the investigation of energy-transfer processes. The experiments are

Effects of lorentz force on flow fields of free burning arc and wall stabilized non-transferred arc

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peng Yi; Huang Heji; Pan Wenxia

2013-01-01

The flow fields of two typical DC plasma arcs, namely the transferred free burning arc and the non-transferred arc were simulated by solving hydrodynamic equations and electromagnetic equations. The effects of the Lorentz force on the characteristics of the flow fields of these two typical DC plasma arcs were estimated. Results show that in the case of the free burning arc, the Lorentz force due to the current self-induced magnetic field has significant impact on the flow fields, as the self-induced magnetic compression is the main arc constraint mechanism. However, in the case of the non-transferred arc generated in a torch with long and narrow inter-electrode inserts and an abruptly expanded anode, the Lorentz force has limited impact on the flow fields of the plasma especially at the downstream of the inter-electrode inserts, compared with the strong wall constraints and relatively high aerodynamic force. This is because the ratio of the electromagnetic force to the aerodynamic force is only about 0.01 in this region. When the main consideration is outlet parameters of the wall stabilized non-transferred DC arc plasma generator, in order to improve the efficiency of the numerical simulation program, the Lorentz force could be neglected in the non-transferred arc in some cases. (authors)

Hyperfine electron-nuclear interactions in the frame of the Density Functional and of the Density Matrix Methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pavlov, R.L.; Pavlov, L.I.; Raychev, P.P.; Garistov, V.P.; Dimitrova-Ivanovich, M.

2002-01-01

The matrix elements and expectation values of the hyperfine interaction operators are presented in a form suitable for numerical implementation in density matrix methods. The electron-nuclear spin-spin (dipolar and contact) interactions are considered, as well as the interaction between nuclear spin and electron-orbital motions. These interactions from the effective Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian determine the hyperfine structure in ESR spectra and contribute to chemical shifts in NMR. Applying the Wigner-Eckart theorem in the irreducible tensor-operator technique and the spin-space separation scheme, the matrix elements and expectation values of these relativistic corrections are expressed in analytical form. The final results are presented as products, or sums of products, of factors determined by the spin and (or) angular momentum symmetry and a spatial part determined by the action of the symmetrized tensor-operators on the normalized matrix or function of the spin or charge distribution.

Studies of the hyperfine interaction in semiconducting or isolating oxides on the examples HfO2, Ga2O3, and Al2O3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Steffens, Michael

2014-01-01

On the example of the three oxide compounds of the hafnium, gallium, and aluminium among others the method of the perturbed γ-γ angular correlation (PAC) was applied in dependence on the sample temperature. Applied were thereby the PAC probe nuclei 111 Cd and 181 Ga, which were inserted in the samples by ion implantation or proced by neutron activation in the samples. In HfO 2 thereby especially the hyperfine interaction of thin layers with thicknesses from 2.7 to 17 nm and 100 nm were studied. Strongly disagreeing field gradients and a great influence of the sample surface on the measurement are shown. It could be shown that ν qO x should scale with the layer thickness of the oxide and that the temperature-dependent behaviour, which is influenced by the thermal expansion of the lattice, underlies also this scaling. Conditioned by the neighbourhood to the surface at high temperature oxygen can escape from the samples and so degrade the oxide. The studied Ga 2 O 3 layers were produced by oxidation of GaN at 1223 K in air. The structure of the oxide layer was thereby stepwise pursued with the PAC and could be modelled with an exponential time dependence. The oxidation was repeated with several samples at equal absolute oxidation time but different partition in intermediate steps. Altogether the result were shown as reproducable, the occuring differences of the hyperfine interactions are probably given by external quantities fluctuating in the oxidation. The measurement of the Al 2 O 3 sample in the PAC furnace and cryostat represents mainly a reproduction of the preceding experiments of Penner et al. In this materials the attempt held the spotlight to manipulate the temperature-dependent behaviour of the hyperfine interaction by additional doping. Over the experiments of the single materials was set the more precise consideration of dynamic hyperfine interactions on the probe nucleus 111 Cd. In the spin-correlation functions R(t) these were manifested by an

The effect of magnetic field on instabilities of heat transfer from an obstacle in a channel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rashidi, S.; Esfahani, J.A.

2015-01-01

This paper presents forced convective heat transfer in a channel with a built-in square obstacle. The governing equations with the boundary conditions are solved using a finite volume method. The computations were done for a fixed blockage ratio (S=1/8) at Pr=0.71, and Reynolds (Re) and Stuart (N) numbers ranging from 1 to 250 and 0 to 10, respectively. The results are presented to show the effect of the channel walls and streamwise magnetic field at different Reynolds numbers on forced convection heat transfer from a square cylinder. A correlation is obtained for Nusselt number, in which the effect of a magnetic field is taken into account. The obtained results revealed that the existence of channel walls decreases the effects of magnetic field on Nusselt number. It also showed that by increasing Stuart number the thickness of thermal boundary layer increases and the convective heat transfer decreases. - Highlights: • The magnetic field is used to control the instabilities of heat transfer. • The thickness of thermal boundary layer increases by increasing Stuart number. • Unsteadiness in temperature field increases with increase in Reynolds number. • Time-averaged Nusselt number decreases with increase in Stuart number. • The Lorentz forces are much denser near the surface of the obstacle

Third-order transfer matrices calculated for an electrostatic toroidal sector condenser including fringing-field effects

CERN Document Server

Mordik, S N

2002-01-01

The third-order transfer matrices are calculated for an electrostatic toroidal sector condenser using a rigorously conserved matrix method that implies the conservation of the beam phase volume at each step in the calculations. The transfer matrices (matrizants) obtained, include the fringing-field effect due to the stray fields. In the case of a rectangular distribution of the field components along the optical axis, the analytical expressions for all aberration coefficients, including the dispersion ones, are derived accurate to the third-order terms. In simulations of real fields with the stray field width other than zero, a smooth distribution of the field components is used for which similar aberration coefficients were calculated by means of the conserved numerical method . It has been found that for a smooth model, as the stray field width tends to zero, the aberration coefficients approach the corresponding aberration values in the rectangular model.

Third-order transfer matrices calculated for an electrostatic toroidal sector condenser including fringing-field effects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mordik, S.N.; Ponomarev, A.G.

2002-01-01

The third-order transfer matrices are calculated for an electrostatic toroidal sector condenser using a rigorously conserved matrix method that implies the conservation of the beam phase volume at each step in the calculations. The transfer matrices (matrizants) obtained, include the fringing-field effect due to the stray fields. In the case of a rectangular distribution of the field components along the optical axis, the analytical expressions for all aberration coefficients, including the dispersion ones, are derived accurate to the third-order terms. In simulations of real fields with the stray field width other than zero, a smooth distribution of the field components is used for which similar aberration coefficients were calculated by means of the conserved numerical method . It has been found that for a smooth model, as the stray field width tends to zero, the aberration coefficients approach the corresponding aberration values in the rectangular model

Diagnosing collisionless energy transfer using field-particle correlations: Vlasov-Poisson plasmas

Science.gov (United States)

Howes, Gregory G.; Klein, Kristopher G.; Li, Tak Chu

2017-02-01

Turbulence plays a key role in the conversion of the energy of large-scale fields and flows to plasma heat, impacting the macroscopic evolution of the heliosphere and other astrophysical plasma systems. Although we have long been able to make direct spacecraft measurements of all aspects of the electromagnetic field and plasma fluctuations in near-Earth space, our understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for the damping of the turbulent fluctuations in heliospheric plasmas remains incomplete. Here we propose an innovative field-particle correlation technique that can be used to measure directly the secular energy transfer from fields to particles associated with collisionless damping of the turbulent fluctuations. Furthermore, this novel procedure yields information about the collisionless energy transfer as a function of particle velocity, providing vital new information that can help to identify the dominant collisionless mechanism governing the damping of the turbulent fluctuations. Kinetic plasma theory is used to devise the appropriate correlation to diagnose Landau damping, and the field-particle correlation technique is thoroughly illustrated using the simplified case of the Landau damping of Langmuir waves in a 1D-1V (one dimension in physical space and one dimension in velocity space) Vlasov-Poisson plasma. Generalizations necessary to apply the field-particle correlation technique to diagnose the collisionless damping of turbulent fluctuations in the solar wind are discussed, highlighting several caveats. This novel field-particle correlation technique is intended to be used as a primary analysis tool for measurements from current, upcoming and proposed spacecraft missions that are focused on the kinetic microphysics of weakly collisional heliospheric plasmas, including the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS), Solar Probe Plus, Solar Orbiter and Turbulence Heating ObserveR (THOR) missions.

Sensitized charge carrier injection into organic crystals studied by isotope effects in weak magnetic fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bube, W.; Michel-Beyerle, M.E.; Haberkorn, R.; Steffens, E.

1977-01-01

The magnetic field (H approximately 50 Oe) dependence of the rhodamine sensitized triplet exciton density in anthracene crystals is influenced by isotopic substitution. This confirms the hyperfine interaction as mechanism explaining the change of the spin multiplicity in the initially formed singlet state of the radical pair. The isotope effect occurs in the sensitizing dye ( 14 N/ 15 N) rather than at the molecular site of the injected charge within the crystal. This can be understood in terms of the high hopping frequency of the charge carriers as compared to the time constant of the hyperfine induced singlet-triplet transition. Since the dye molecules adsorb in an oriented fashion, the angular dependence of the magnetic field modulation of the triplet exciton density can be interpreted without assuming any additional interactions. (Auth.)

Origin and orientation of electric field gradient in ordered FeNi

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guenzburger, D.J.R.; Ellis, D.E.

1987-01-01

The electronic structure of tetrataenite, the ordered phase of Fe Ni, has been studied in the molecular cluster approximation using local density theory. Clusters containing 13 and 19 atoms were embedded in the fcc host lattice and spin-unrestricted potentials were iterated to self-consistency. Local moments, magnetic hyperfine fields and electric field gradients (EFG) at the iron sites were determined for comparison with experiment. (Author) [pt

Solvent, isotope, and magnetic field effects in the geminate recombination of radical ion pairs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Werner, H.; Staerk, H.; Weller, A.

1978-01-01

The magnetic field dependence of the geminate recombination triplet yield of radical ion pairs generated via photoinduced electron transfer in polar solvents is investigated for the systems pyrene/N,N-dimethylaniline (Py/DMA), pyrene/3,5-dimethoxy-N,N-dimethylaniline (Py/DMDMA), and the perdeuterated system Py-d 10 /DMA-d 11 . The magnetic field dependence characterized through its B/sub 1/2/ value is found to be dependent on the sum of the hyperfine coupling constants in the radical pair in agreement with previous theoretical predictions. A drastic reduction of the B/sub 1/2/ value is observed with the perdeuterated system. By means of measurements of the radical ion and triplet absorption signals with nanosecond time resolution, the influence of the solvent on the geminate singlet and triplet recombination yields is investigated. Complementary measurements of exciplex lifetimes and quantum yields are carried out in a series of solvents with different polarities in order to determine the rate constants of fluorescence emission and intersystem crossing in the exciplexes

Magnetic field concentration using ferromagnetic material to propel a wireless power transfer based micro-robot

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dongwook Kim

2018-05-01

Full Text Available In this paper, we propose a novel coil structure, using a ferromagnetic material which concentrates the magnetic field, as the propulsion system of a wireless power transfer (WPT based micro-robot. This structure uses an incident magnetic field to induce current during wireless power transfer, to generate a Lorentz force. To prevent net cancelation of the Lorentz force in the load coil, ferrite films were applied to one side of the coil segment. The demonstrated simplicity and effectiveness of the proposed micro-robot showed its suitability for applications. Simulation and experimental results confirmed a velocity of 1.02 mm/s with 6 mW power transfer capacity for the 3 mm sized micro-robot.

Enhanced heat transfer in partially open square cavities with thin fin by using electric field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kasayapanand, N.; Kiatsiriroat, T.

2009-01-01

Numerical modeling of the electric field effect on the natural convection in the partially open square cavities with thin fin attached is investigated. The interactions among electric, flow, and temperature fields are analyzed by using a computational fluid dynamics technique. It is found that the flow and heat transfer enhancements are a decreasing function of the Rayleigh number. Moreover, the volume flow rate and heat transfer coefficient are substantially improved by electrohydrodynamic especially at low aperture size, high aperture position, and high inclined angle. Surprisingly, the maximum convective heat transfer is obtained at the minimum electrical energy consumption by placing electrodes at a suitable position. The optimum electrode arrangements for both single fin and multiple fins are also achieved

Magnetic field concentration using ferromagnetic material to propel a wireless power transfer based micro-robot

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Dongwook; Park, Bumjin; Park, Jaehyoung; Park, Hyun Ho; Ahn, Seungyoung

2018-05-01

In this paper, we propose a novel coil structure, using a ferromagnetic material which concentrates the magnetic field, as the propulsion system of a wireless power transfer (WPT) based micro-robot. This structure uses an incident magnetic field to induce current during wireless power transfer, to generate a Lorentz force. To prevent net cancelation of the Lorentz force in the load coil, ferrite films were applied to one side of the coil segment. The demonstrated simplicity and effectiveness of the proposed micro-robot showed its suitability for applications. Simulation and experimental results confirmed a velocity of 1.02 mm/s with 6 mW power transfer capacity for the 3 mm sized micro-robot.

Calculation of the hyperfine constants of Vk center in CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bufaical, R.F.

1975-03-01

The magnetic hyperfine constants of the V sub(K) center in CaF 2 , SrF 2 and BaF 2 have been calculated, assuming a phenomenological model, based on the F 2 central molecule, to describe the wave function of the defect. The introduction of covalence, with the ions neighboring the central molecule, have shown that this is a better description for the defect than a simple central molecule model. It was also shown that the results for the hyperfine constants are strongly dependent on the relaxations of these neighboring ions, which have been determined by fitting the experimental data. The present results are compared with other previous calculations where similar and different methods have been used. A better description for the wave function of the defect is suggested

Navigating Community College Transfer in Science, Technical, Engineering, and Mathematics Fields

Science.gov (United States)

Packard, Becky Wai-Ling; Gagnon, Janelle L.; Senas, Arleen J.

2012-01-01

Given financial barriers facing community college students today, and workforce projections in science, technical, engineering, and math (STEM) fields, the costs of unnecessary delays while navigating transfer pathways are high. In this phenomenological study, we analyzed the delay experiences of 172 students (65% female) navigating community…

Transfer of radioactive and chemical pollutants into irrigated rice fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Myttenaere, C.; Mousny, J.-M.; Dabin, P.; Bittel, R.

1975-01-01

In a general study on the consequences of radioactive and chemical releases in continental waters, flooded rice fields must be considered as a very important ecosystem due to the very large quantities of water used. In order to approach as much as possible to the natural conditions (irrigated rice fields of Northern Italy) ''mini-rice fields'' were built and local practices were respected. The behavior of activation and fission products ( 137 Cs, 60 Co, 65 Zn, 51 Cr...) and heavy metals pollutants (Cd, Cr, Sn) was studied and the transfer from water to soil and plant was followed. Concentration factors were calculated for the different organs of the plant and the impact of rice ingested to the dose delivered to man was evaluated [fr

Ultrastructural Study on Ultra-Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and Transfer Factor Effects on Skin Ulcers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cadena, M. S. Reyes; Chapul, L. Sanchez; Perez, Javier; Garcia, M. N. Jimenez; Lopez, M. A. Jimenez; Espindola, M. E. Sanchez; Perez, R. Paniagua; Hernandez, N. A.; Paniagua, G.; Uribe, F.; Nava, J. J. Godina; Segura, M. A. Rodriguez

2008-01-01

We determined the effect of 120Hz ultra low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF) on the healing process of skin in 20 Wistar rats distributed in four groups in which chronic dermal ulcers had been produced. The first two groups received a dose of the transfer factor and interferon-beta (IFN-β) every 24 h during 12 days. The third group (positive control) received only electromagnetic field (ELF) sessions, and in the fourth group (negative control), no treatment was applied. The electromagnetic field was applied through a Helmholtz coils; 30 Gauss of intensity. Results shown histological changes that improve the healing process in animals subjected to ELF together with the transfer factor

Experimental Investigation of Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Enhancement in Microgravity in the Presence of Electric Fields

Science.gov (United States)

Herman, Cila

1996-01-01

Boiling is an effective mode of heat transfer since high heat flux levels are possible driven by relatively small temperature differences. The high heat transfer coefficients associated with boiling have made the use of these processes increasingly attractive to aerospace engineering. Applications of this type include compact evaporators in the thermal control of aircraft avionics and spacecraft environments, heat pipes, and use of boiling to cool electronic equipment. In spite of its efficiency, cooling based on liquid-vapor phase change processes has not yet found wide application in aerospace engineering due to specific problems associated with the low gravity environment. After a heated surface has reached the superheat required for the initiation of nucleate boiling, bubbles will start forming at nucleation sites along the solid interface by evaporation of the liquid. Bubbles in contact with the wall will continue growing by this mechanism until they detach. In terrestrial conditions, bubble detachment is determined by the competition between body forces (e.g. buoyancy) and surface tension forces that act to anchor the bubble along the three phase contact line. For a given body force potential and a balance of tensions along the three phase contact line, bubbles must reach a critical size before the body force can cause them to detach from the wall. In a low gravity environment the critical bubble size for detachment is much larger than under terrestrial conditions, since buoyancy is a less effective means of bubble removal. Active techniques of heat transfer enhancement in single phase and phase change processes by utilizing electric fields have been the subject of intensive research during recent years. The field of electrohydrodynamics (EHD) deals with the interactions between electric fields, flow fields and temperature fields. Previous studies indicate that in terrestrial applications nucleate boiling heat transfer can be increased by a factor of 50 as

Heat transfer enhancement of Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} ferrofluids in the presence of magnetic field

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fadaei, Farzad; Shahrokhi, Mohammad; Molaei Dehkordi, Asghar, E-mail: amolaeid@sharif.edu; Abbasi, Zeinab

2017-05-01

In this article, three-dimensional (3D) forced-convection heat transfer of magnetic nanofluids in a pipe subject to constant wall heat flux in the presence of single or double permanent magnet(s) or current-carrying wire has been investigated and compared. In this regard, laminar fluid flow and equilibrium magnetization for the ferrofluid were considered. In addition, variations of magnetic field in different media were taken into account and the assumption of having a linear relationship of magnetization with applied magnetic field intensity was also relaxed. Effects of magnetic field intensity, nanoparticle volume fraction, Reynolds number value, and the type of magnetic field source (i.e., a permanent magnet or current-carrying wire) on the forced-convection heat transfer of magnetic nanofluids were carefully investigated. It was found that by applying the magnetic field, the fluid mixing could be intensified that leads to an increase in the Nusselt number value along the pipe length. Moreover, the obtained simulation results indicate that applying the magnetic field induced by two permanent magnets with a magnetization of 3×10{sup 5} (A/m) (for each one), the fully developed Nusselt number value can be increased by 196%. - Highlights: • 3D forced-convection heat transfer of magnetic nanofluids is investigated. • Effects of single or double permanent magnet on the heat transfer are studied. • Influences of magnetic field induced by a current-carrying wire are studied. • Effects of magnetic field intensity and Reynolds number value are studied. • Variations of magnetic field in different media are taken into account.

Magnetic Field Emissions for Ferrite and Non-Ferrite Geometries for Wireless Power Transfer to Vehicles

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Batra, Tushar; Schaltz, Erik

2014-01-01

Minimizing magnetic field emissions to surroundings is one of the most challenging design criteria for wireless power transfer to vehicles. In this paper, concept of division of the emissions into three zones (primary, secondary, and combined zone) in the vertical direction is introduced. For geo......Minimizing magnetic field emissions to surroundings is one of the most challenging design criteria for wireless power transfer to vehicles. In this paper, concept of division of the emissions into three zones (primary, secondary, and combined zone) in the vertical direction is introduced...... for vertical separation between the coils in range of 100-180 mm. It is observed that lower vertical separation results in higher overlapping of the zones and the coils behave as they are effectively placed close to center of air gap. The analysis in this work provides a better understanding of the space...... profile of magnetic field emissions (with and without ferrite) for wireless power transfer to vehicles....

Modulation of near-field heat transfer between two gratings

OpenAIRE

Biehs , Svend-Age; Da Rosa , Felipe S. S.; Ben-Abdallah , Philippe

2011-01-01

International audience; We present a theoretical study of near-field heat transfer between two uniaxial anisotropic planar structures. We investigate how the distance and relative orientation (with respect to their optical axes) between the objects affect the heat flux. In particular, we show that by changing the angle between the optical axes it is possible in certain cases to modulate the net heat flux up to 90% at room temperature, and discuss possible applications of such a strong effect.

Fine and hyperfine collisional excitation of C6H by He

Science.gov (United States)

Walker, Kyle M.; Lique, François; Dawes, Richard

2018-01-01

Hydrogenated carbon chains have been detected in interstellar and circumstellar media and accurate modelling of their abundances requires collisional excitation rate coefficients with the most abundant species. Among them, the C6H molecule is one of the most abundant towards many lines of sight. Hence, we determined fine and hyperfine-resolved rate coefficients for the excitation of C6H(X2Π) due to collisions with He. We present the first interaction potential energy surface for the C6H-He system, obtained from highly correlated ab initio calculations and characterized by a large anisotropy due to the length of the molecule. We performed dynamical calculations for transitions among the first fine structure levels (up to J = 30.5) of both spin-orbit manifolds of C6H using the close-coupling method, and rate coefficients are determined for temperatures ranging from 5 to 100 K. The largest rate coefficients for even ΔJ transitions conserve parity, while parity-breaking rate coefficients are favoured for odd ΔJ. Spin-orbit changing rate coefficients are several orders of magnitude lower than transitions within a single manifold. State-to-state hyperfine-resolved cross-sections for the first levels (up to J = 13.5) in the Ω = 3/2 spin-orbit manifold are deduced using recoupling techniques. Rate coefficients are obtained and the propensity rule ΔJ = ΔF is seen. These new data will help determine the abundance of C6H in astrophysical environments such as cold dense molecular clouds, star-forming regions and circumstellar envelopes, and will help in the interpretation of the puzzling C6H-/C6H abundance ratios deduced from observations.

Numerical Investigation of the Fully-Developed Periodic Flow Field for Optimal Heat Transfer in Spirally Corrugated Tubes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hærvig, Jakob; Condra, Thomas Joseph; Sørensen, Kim

Even though the corrugated tube is a widely used technique to enhance transfer heat, the exact heat transfer enhancing mechanism remains relatively un-documented. Most studies attribute the favourable heat transfer characteristics to a swirling flow being present at higher corrugation....... In this study, a systematic approach relying on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to study and compare the heat transfer characteristics with the detailed flow field in the spirally corrugated tubes. By comparing the flow in 12 different spirally corrugated tubes at a fixed Reynolds number of 5000......, this study compares the flow field with the surface averaged Nusselt number to gain valuable insight into which flow phenomena causes favourable heat transfer characteristics. While the flow at low corrugations approximates the non-corrugated tube, higher corrugations of h/D creates a significant tangential...

Transferable Force Field for Metal–Organic Frameworks from First-Principles: BTW-FF

Science.gov (United States)

2014-01-01

We present an ab-initio derived force field to describe the structural and mechanical properties of metal–organic frameworks (or coordination polymers). The aim is a transferable interatomic potential that can be applied to MOFs regardless of metal or ligand identity. The initial parametrization set includes MOF-5, IRMOF-10, IRMOF-14, UiO-66, UiO-67, and HKUST-1. The force field describes the periodic crystal and considers effective atomic charges based on topological analysis of the Bloch states of the extended materials. Transferable potentials were developed for the four organic ligands comprising the test set and for the associated Cu, Zn, and Zr metal nodes. The predicted materials properties, including bulk moduli and vibrational frequencies, are in agreement with explicit density functional theory calculations. The modal heat capacity and lattice thermal expansion are also predicted. PMID:25574157

Charge transfer to a dielectric target by guided ionization waves using electric field measurements

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Slikboer, E.T.; Garcia-Caurel, E.; Guaitella, O.; Sobota, A.

2017-01-01

A kHz-operated atmospheric pressure plasma jet is investigated by measuring charge transferred to a dielectric electro-optic surface (BSO crystal) allowing for the measurement of electric field by exploiting the Pockels effect. The electric field values, distribution of the surface discharge and

Calculation of hyperfine constants for the H center in LiF

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alencar, P.T.S.

1975-01-01

The EPR and the ENDOR hyperfine parameters for the H center in LiF are calculated assuming that the F - 2 central molecule is a simplified model for the electronic structure of this deffect. The best theoretical fitting was obtained by relaxing the ions neighboring the central molecule. We have obtained relaxations which are in agreement with the physical nature of this deffect, but for some ions the results have shown that a better wave functions for the unpaired electrons must be used. The results and the limitations of the suggested model, are discussed proposing a more realistic description for the deffect, than the F - 2 central molecule model

Hyperfine electric parameters calculation in Si samples irradiated with 57Mn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abreu, Y.; Cruz, C. M.; Pinnera, I.; Leyva, A.; Van Espen, P.; Perez, C.

2011-01-01

The radiation damage created in silicon crystalline material by 57 Mn→ 57 Fe ion implantation was characterized by Moessbauer spectroscopy showing three main lines, assigned to: substitutional, interstitial and a damage configuration sites of the implanted ions. The hyperfine electric parameters, Quadrupole Splitting and Isomer Shift, were calculated for various implantation environments. In the calculations the full potential linearized-augmented plane-wave plus local orbitals (L/APW+lo) method as embodied in the WIEN2k code was used. Good agreement was found between the experimental and the calculated values for some implantation configurations; suggesting that the implantation environments could be similar to the ones proposed by the authors. (Author)

Influence as a challenger to induction for near-field wireless power transfer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bondar, H; Oree, S; Ichikawa, K

2013-01-01

We introduce what we call 'Influence' WPT technology, which can be perceived as the dual of magnetic induction WPT. In Influence systems, two or more electric circuits are coupled by electric fields whereas Induction systems involve magnetic field coupling. We propose an unconventional approach to describe and study Influence, using coupling matrices, in analogy with the treatment of Inductive coupling, albeit with a larger number of parameters. In spite of their different natures, both technologies enable non-radiative near-field energy transfer at mid-range, and display interesting and sometimes counter-intuitive behaviors.

The dipole moment and magnetic hyperfine properties of the excited A 2Σ+(3sσ) Rydberg state of nitric oxide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Glendening, E.D.; Feller, D.; Peterson, K.A.; McCullough, E.A. Jr.; Miller, R.J.

1995-01-01

The dipole moment and magnetic hyperfine properties of the A 2 Σ + Rydberg state of nitric oxide have been evaluated at a variety of levels of theory with extended correlation consistent basis sets. Using the finite field approach to compute the dipole moment, restricted coupled cluster RCCSD(T) and complete active space-configuration interaction CAS-CI+Q methods yield values (1.09--1.12 D) that are essentially identical to experiment. In contrast, dipole moments computed as an expectation value of the dipole moment operator typically differ from experiment by 0.1--0.6 D. The rather unfavorable comparisons with experiment reported in previous theoretical studies may stem, in part, from the method chosen to evaluate the dipole moment. Magnetic hyperfine properties were evaluated using a variety of unrestricted and restricted open-shell Hartree--Fock-based methods. We estimated the full CI limiting properties by exploiting the convergence behavior of a sequence of MRCI wave functions. The isotropic component A iso ( 14 N) of 39±1 MHz evaluated in this fashion is in excellent accord with the experimental value of 41.4±1.7 MHz. Highly correlated UHF-based methods [e.g., CCSD(T) and QCISD(T)] yield comparable values of 40--41 MHz that are in good agreement with both experiment and the apparent full CI limit. However, for A iso ( 17 O), the full CI limit (-97±2 MHz) and the UHF-based results (ca.-118 MHz) differ by roughly 20 MHz. It remains unclear how to reconcile this large discrepancy. copyright 1995 American Institute of Physics

Investigation of Improved Methods in Power Transfer Efficiency for Radiating Near-Field Wireless Power Transfer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hesheng Cheng

2016-01-01

Full Text Available A metamaterial-inspired efficient electrically small antenna is proposed, firstly. And then several improving power transfer efficiency (PTE methods for wireless power transfer (WPT systems composed of the proposed antenna in the radiating near-field region are investigated. Method one is using a proposed antenna as a power retriever. This WPT system consisted of three proposed antennas: a transmitter, a receiver, and a retriever. The system is fed by only one power source. At a fixed distance from receiver to transmitter, the distance between the transmitter and the retriever is turned to maximize power transfer from the transmitter to the receiver. Method two is using two proposed antennas as transmitters and one antenna as receiver. The receiver is placed between the two transmitters. In this system, two power sources are used to feed the two transmitters, respectively. By adjusting the phase difference between the two feeding sources, the maximum PTE can be obtained at the optimal phase difference. Using the same configuration as method two, method three, where the maximum PTE can be increased by regulating the voltage (or power ratio of the two feeding sources, is proposed. In addition, we combine the proposed methods to construct another two schemes, which improve the PTE at different extent than classical WPT system.

Decision making based on optical excitation transfer via near-field interactions between quantum dots

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naruse, Makoto; Nomura, Wataru; Ohtsu, Motoichi; Aono, Masashi; Sonnefraud, Yannick; Drezet, Aurélien; Huant, Serge; Kim, Song-Ju

2014-01-01

Optical near-field interactions between nanostructured matters, such as quantum dots, result in unidirectional optical excitation transfer when energy dissipation is induced. This results in versatile spatiotemporal dynamics of the optical excitation, which can be controlled by engineering the dissipation processes and exploited to realize intelligent capabilities such as solution searching and decision making. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the ability to solve a decision making problem on the basis of optical excitation transfer via near-field interactions by using colloidal quantum dots of different sizes, formed on a geometry-controlled substrate. We characterize the energy transfer behavior due to multiple control light patterns and experimentally demonstrate the ability to solve the multi-armed bandit problem. Our work makes a decisive step towards the practical design of nanophotonic systems capable of efficient decision making, one of the most important intellectual attributes of the human brain.

Decision making based on optical excitation transfer via near-field interactions between quantum dots

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Naruse, Makoto, E-mail: naruse@nict.go.jp [Photonic Network Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795 (Japan); Nomura, Wataru; Ohtsu, Motoichi [Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Aono, Masashi [Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguru-ku, Tokyo 152-8550 (Japan); PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012 (Japan); Sonnefraud, Yannick; Drezet, Aurélien; Huant, Serge [Université Grenoble Alpes, Inst. NEEL, F-38000 Grenoble (France); CNRS, Inst. NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble (France); Kim, Song-Ju [WPI Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044 (Japan)

2014-10-21

Optical near-field interactions between nanostructured matters, such as quantum dots, result in unidirectional optical excitation transfer when energy dissipation is induced. This results in versatile spatiotemporal dynamics of the optical excitation, which can be controlled by engineering the dissipation processes and exploited to realize intelligent capabilities such as solution searching and decision making. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the ability to solve a decision making problem on the basis of optical excitation transfer via near-field interactions by using colloidal quantum dots of different sizes, formed on a geometry-controlled substrate. We characterize the energy transfer behavior due to multiple control light patterns and experimentally demonstrate the ability to solve the multi-armed bandit problem. Our work makes a decisive step towards the practical design of nanophotonic systems capable of efficient decision making, one of the most important intellectual attributes of the human brain.

X-ray absorption spectroscopic studies of the blue copper site: Metal and ligand K-edge studies to probe the origin of the EPR hyperfine splitting in plastocyanin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shadle, S.E.; Penner-Hahn, J.E.; Schugar, H.J.; Hedman, B.; Hodgson, K.O.; Solomon, E.I.

1993-01-01

X-ray absorption spectra for the oxidized blue copper protein plastocyanin and several Cu(II) model complexes have been measured at both the Cu K-edge and the ligand K-edges (Cl and S) in order to elucidate the source of the small parallel hyperfine splitting in the EPR spectra of blue copper centers. Assignment and analysis of a feature in the Cu K-edge X-ray absorption spectrum at ∼8,987 eV as the Cu 1s → 4p + ligand-to-metal charge-transfer shakedown transition has allowed for quantitation of 4p mixing into the ground-state wave function as reflected in the 1s →3d (+4p) intensity at ∼8,979 eV. The results show that distorted tetrahedral (D 2d )CuCl 4 2- is characterized by z mixing, while plastocyanin has only Cu 4p xy mixing. Thus, the small parallel hyperfine splitting in the EPR spectra of D 2d CuCl 4 2- and of oxidized plastocyanin cannot be explained by 12% 4p z mixing into the 3d x 2 -y 2 orbital as had been previously postulated. Data collected at the Cl K-edge for CuCl 4 2- show that the intensity of the ligand pre-edge feature at ∼2,820 eV reflects the degree of covalency between the metal half-occupied orbital and the ligands. The data show that D 2d CuCl 4 2- is not unusually covalent. The source of the small parallel splitting in the EPR of D 2d CuCl 4 2- is discussed. Experiments at the S K-edge (∼2,470 eV) show that plastocyanin is characterized by a highly covalent Cu-S(cysteine) bond relative to the cupric-thiolate model complex [Cu(tet b)(o-SC 6 H 4 CO 2 )]·H 2 O. The XAS results demonstrate that the small parallel hyperfine splitting in the EPR spectra of blue copper sites reflects the high degree of covalency of the copper-thiolate bond. 34 refs., 12 figs., 3 tabs

Passive shielding effect on space profile of magnetic field emissions for wireless power transfer to vehicles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Batra, T.; Schaltz, E.

2015-01-01

Magnetic fields emitted by wireless power transfer systems are of high importance with respect to human safety and health. Aluminum and ferrite are used in the system to reduce the fields and are termed as passive shielding. In this paper, the influence of these materials on the space profile has been investigated with the help of simulations on Comsol for the four possible geometries—no shielding, ferrite, aluminum, and full shielding. As the reflected impedance varies for the four geometries, the primary current is varied accordingly to maintain constant power transfer to the secondary side. Surrounding magnetic field plots in the vertical direction show that maxima's of the two coils for the no shielding geometry are centered at the respective coils and for the remaining three are displaced closer to each other. This closeness would lead to more effective addition of the two coil fields and an increase in the resultant field from space point of view. This closeness varies with distance in the horizontal direction and vertical gap between the coils and is explained in the paper. This paper provides a better understanding of effect of the passive shielding materials on the space nature of magnetic fields for wireless power transfer for vehicle applications

Passive shielding effect on space profile of magnetic field emissions for wireless power transfer to vehicles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Batra, T., E-mail: tba@et.aau.dk; Schaltz, E. [Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220 (Denmark)

2015-05-07

Magnetic fields emitted by wireless power transfer systems are of high importance with respect to human safety and health. Aluminum and ferrite are used in the system to reduce the fields and are termed as passive shielding. In this paper, the influence of these materials on the space profile has been investigated with the help of simulations on Comsol for the four possible geometries—no shielding, ferrite, aluminum, and full shielding. As the reflected impedance varies for the four geometries, the primary current is varied accordingly to maintain constant power transfer to the secondary side. Surrounding magnetic field plots in the vertical direction show that maxima's of the two coils for the no shielding geometry are centered at the respective coils and for the remaining three are displaced closer to each other. This closeness would lead to more effective addition of the two coil fields and an increase in the resultant field from space point of view. This closeness varies with distance in the horizontal direction and vertical gap between the coils and is explained in the paper. This paper provides a better understanding of effect of the passive shielding materials on the space nature of magnetic fields for wireless power transfer for vehicle applications.

Hyperfine structure measurements and discovery of new energy levels in neutral praseodymium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imran, Siddiqui; Khan, Shamim; Syed, Tanweer Iqbal; Gamper, Bettina; Windholz, Laurentius [Inst. f. Experimentalphysik, Techn. Univ. Graz, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz (Austria)

2011-07-01

We present here 14 even and 17 odd parity new energy levels of the neutral praseodymium atom. Free praseodymium atoms in ground and excited states are produced in a hollow cathode discharge lamp by cathode sputtering. The hyperfine structure (hfs) of the spectral lines is investigated by the method of laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy. As an example of the method used we discuss briefly the finding of the new level at 27304.431 cm{sup -1}, even parity, J=9/2 and A=690(1) MHz. Laser excitation of the line at 6004.23 Aa is performed and a LIF signal is detected at fluorescence lines 5246.709, 5412.95, 5925.10, 6107.88, 6287.02, 6419.16, and 6620.63 A. The hfs is then recorded digitally and fitted to find reliable values of angular momentum J, magnetic and electric quadrupole hyperfine constants A and B for the combining fine structure levels. Assuming an unknown upper level, a lower level is searched in the data base of known levels, having the J and A values determined from the fit procedure. A level with 10654.11 cm{sup -1}, odd parity, J=7/2 and A=169(2) MHz is found. The energy of the upper level is calculated by adding the center of gravity wave number of the excited line to the energy of the lower level. The existence of the new level is checked by at least one additional laser excitation from another known lower level.

The fabrication of ZnO nanowire field-effect transistors by roll-transfer printing

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Yi-Kuei; Hong, Franklin Chau-Nan

2009-05-01

A method with the potential to fabricate large-area nanowire field-effect transistors (NW-FETs) was demonstrated in this study. Using a high-speed roller (20-80 cm min-1), transfer printing was successfully employed to transfer vertically aligned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires grown on a donor substrate to a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp and then print the ordered ZnO nanowire arrays on the received substrate for the fabrication of NW-FETs. ZnO NW-FETs fabricated by this method exhibit high performances with a threshold voltage of around 0.25 V, a current on/off ratio as high as 105, a subthreshold slope of 360 mV/dec, and a field-effect mobility of around 90 cm2 V-1 s-1. The excellent device characteristics suggest that the roll-transfer printing technique, which is compatible with the roll-to-roll (R2R) process and operated in atmosphere, has a good potential for the high-speed fabrication of large-area nanowire transistors for flexible devices and flat panel displays.

The fabrication of ZnO nanowire field-effect transistors by roll-transfer printing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, Y-K; Hong, Franklin Chau-Nan

2009-01-01

A method with the potential to fabricate large-area nanowire field-effect transistors (NW-FETs) was demonstrated in this study. Using a high-speed roller (20-80 cm min -1 ), transfer printing was successfully employed to transfer vertically aligned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires grown on a donor substrate to a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp and then print the ordered ZnO nanowire arrays on the received substrate for the fabrication of NW-FETs. ZnO NW-FETs fabricated by this method exhibit high performances with a threshold voltage of around 0.25 V, a current on/off ratio as high as 10 5 , a subthreshold slope of 360 mV/dec, and a field-effect mobility of around 90 cm 2 V -1 s -1 . The excellent device characteristics suggest that the roll-transfer printing technique, which is compatible with the roll-to-roll (R2R) process and operated in atmosphere, has a good potential for the high-speed fabrication of large-area nanowire transistors for flexible devices and flat panel displays.

The fabrication of ZnO nanowire field-effect transistors by roll-transfer printing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chang, Y-K; Hong, Franklin Chau-Nan [Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan (China)], E-mail: hong@mail.ncku.edu.tw

2009-05-13

A method with the potential to fabricate large-area nanowire field-effect transistors (NW-FETs) was demonstrated in this study. Using a high-speed roller (20-80 cm min{sup -1}), transfer printing was successfully employed to transfer vertically aligned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires grown on a donor substrate to a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp and then print the ordered ZnO nanowire arrays on the received substrate for the fabrication of NW-FETs. ZnO NW-FETs fabricated by this method exhibit high performances with a threshold voltage of around 0.25 V, a current on/off ratio as high as 10{sup 5}, a subthreshold slope of 360 mV/dec, and a field-effect mobility of around 90 cm{sup 2} V{sup -1} s{sup -1}. The excellent device characteristics suggest that the roll-transfer printing technique, which is compatible with the roll-to-roll (R2R) process and operated in atmosphere, has a good potential for the high-speed fabrication of large-area nanowire transistors for flexible devices and flat panel displays.

High field Moessbauer study of dilute Ir-(Fe) alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takabatake, Toshiro; Mazaki, Hiromasa; Shinjo, Teruya.

1981-01-01

The magnetic behavior of very dilute Fe impurities in Ir has been studied by means of Moessbauer measurement in external fields up to 80 kOe at 4.2 K. The saturation hyperfine field increases in proportion to the external field up to the maximum magnetic field available. This means that for a localized spin fluctuation system IrFe, the effective magnetic moment associated with Fe impurities is induced in proportion to the external field. No anomalous spectrum was observed with a very dilute sample (--10 ppm 57 Co), indicating that the interaction between impurities is responsible for the anomalous spectrum previously observed with a less homogeneous sample. (author)

Numerical simulation of conjugate heat transfer in electronic cooling and analysis based on field synergy principle

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheng, Y.P.; Lee, T.S.; Low, H.T.

2008-01-01

In this paper, the conjugate heat transfer in electronic cooling is numerically simulated with the newly proposed algorithm CLEARER on collocated grid. Because the solid heat source and substrate are isolated from the boundary, special attention is given to deal with the velocity and temperature in the solid region in the full field computation. The influence of openings on the substrate, heat source height and their distribution along the substrate on the maximum temperature and overall Nusselt number is investigated. The numerical results show that the openings on the substrate can enhance the heat transfer as well as increasing the heat source height, meanwhile, by arranging the heat sources coarsely in the front part and densely in the rear part of the substrate, the thermal performance can also be increased. Then the results are analyzed from the viewpoint of field synergy principle, and it is shown that the heat transfer improvement can all be attributed to the better synergy between the velocity field and temperature field, which may offer some guidance in the design of electronic devices

Studies on structure and covalence effects on hyperfine interactions of AFeO sub(2) and BFeS sub(2) compounds by Moessbauer spectroscopy (A= Na, Cu, Ag, B= K, Rb, Cs, Na)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taft, C.A.

1975-01-01

The compounds AFeO sub(2) and BFeS sub(2) (A = Na, Cu, Ag, B = K, Rb, Cs, Na) were investigated by Moessbauer spectroscopy. The spectra were registered at temperature range from 4.2 sup(0) to 300 sup(0)K and magnetic transitions were observed determining correspondent temperatures by variation of hyperfine field. The electric field gradient of these compounds and perovskite type compounds (Pb sub(1-x) - Ba sub(x)) Zr O sub(3) were calculated and experimental part were determined by perturbed angular correlation, taking in account the effects of covalence, crystal lattice parameters and dipolar contributions. (M.C.K.)

Kinetic and dynamic aspects of soil-plant-snail transfer of cadmium in the field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gimbert, Frederic; Mench, Michel; Coeurdassier, Michael; Badot, Pierre-Marie; Vaufleury, Annette de

2008-01-01

The proper use of bioaccumulation in the assessment of environmental quality involves accounting for chemical fluxes in organisms. Cadmium (Cd) accumulation kinetics in a soil-plant-snail food chain were therefore investigated in the field under different soil contamination (from 0 to 40 mg kg -1 ), soil pH (6 and 7) and season. Allowing for an accurate and sensitive assessment of Cd transfer to snails, toxicokinetics appears an interesting tool in the improvement of risk assessment procedures and a way to quantify metal bioavailability for a defined target. On the basis of uptake fluxes, snails proved to be sensitive enough to distinguish moderate soil contaminations. The soil pH did not appear, in the range studied, as a modulating parameter of the Cd transfer from soil to snail whereas the season, by influencing the snail mass, may modify the internal concentrations. The present data specifying a time integrated assessment of environmental factors on metal bioavailability and transfer to terrestrial snails should ensure their rational use in environmental biomonitoring. - Toxicokinetics and uptake fluxes can be used to describe the environment contamination by Cd, its bioavailability and transfer to Helix aspersa snails in the field

Theory of radiative transfer in a strong magnetic field

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kanno, S [Ibaraki Univ., Mito (Japan). Dept. of Physics

1975-07-01

A theory is presented of the radiative transfer in a magnetized plasma with the opacity determined by the Thomson scattering. The Thomson cross section in the magnetic field is highly anisotropic and polarization-dependent. In order to cope with this situation, it is found useful to deal directly with the scattering amplitude (2x2 matrix in the polarization vector space) rather than the intensity. In this way it is possible to take into account the coherent superposition of the forward multiple-scattering amplitudes as a photon propagates. The equation of transfer is established accordingly and approximate solutions are found in the limits of small and large optical thickness. The latter solution is used to find the intensity and the polarization of thermal X-rays from a magnetic dipole star. The concept of mean free path is discussed and also it is shown that the Faraday rotation naturally comes about as a result of the multiple forward scattering.

Optimal Magnetic Field Shielding Method by Metallic Sheets in Wireless Power Transfer System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Feng Wen

2016-09-01

Full Text Available To meet the regulations established to limit human exposure to time-varying electromagnetic fields (EMFs such as the International Committee on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP guidelines, thin metallic sheets are often used to shield magnetic field leakage in high power applications of wireless power transfer (WPT systems based on magnetic field coupling. However, the metals in the vicinity of the WPT coils cause the decrease of self and mutual inductances and increase of effective series resistance; as such, the electric performance including transmission power and the efficiency of the system is affected. With the research objective of further investigating excellent shielding effectiveness associated with system performance, the utilization of the optimal magnetic field shielding method by metallic sheets in magnetic field coupling WPT is carried out in this paper. The circuit and 3D Finite Element Analysis (FEA models are combined to predict the magnetic field distribution and electrical performance. Simulation and experiment results show that the method is very effective by obtaining the largest possible coupling coefficient of the WPT coils within the allowable range and then reducing the value nearest to and no smaller than the critical coupling coefficient via geometric unbroken metallic sheets. The optimal magnetic field shielding method which considers the system efficiency, transmission power, transmission distance, and system size is also achieved using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP. The results can benefit WPT by helping to achieve efficient energy transfer and safe use in metal shielded equipment.

Hyperfine characterization of the Ba Ti{sub 1-x} Hf{sub x} O{sub 3} for x = 0.20; Caracterizacion hiperfina de Ba Ti{sub 1-x} Hf{sub x} O{sub 3} para x 0.20

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ayala, Alexandro; Lopez-Garcia, Alberto [La Plata Univ. Nacional (Argentina). Dept. de Fisica

1997-12-31

It is known that the cation substitution in perovskites produce changes in the macroscopic properties of these materials. A case to study is for example the influence of cation B partially substituted by cation B{sup `} when ABO{sub 3} is ferroelectric, and A B{sup `}O{sub 3} is paraelectric. In this work the system Ba Ti{sub 1-x} Hf{sub x} O{sub 3} with x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 is studied by Perturbed Angular Correlations (Pac) in order to obtain microscopic information through the electric field gradient tensor (EFG) produced by electrons close to probes. Two hyperfine quadrupole interactions were detected. One interaction associated to probes with defects originated during the nuclear processes after neutron irradiation, and the other are located in B sites. At R T, the hyperfine parameters are analyzed in terms of Hf concentration. (author). 5 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.

Far-field RF energy transfer and harvesting

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Visser, H.J.; Vullers, R.; Briand, D.; Yeatman, E.; Roundy, S.

2015-01-01

This chapter deals with radio frequency (RF) energy transfer over a distance. After explaining the differences between nonradiative and radiative RF energy transfer, the chapter gives definitions for transfer and harvesting. Nonradiative RF energy transfer is mostly employed in inductive systems,

Ga nuclear magnetic resonance study of UTGa5(T = Ni,Pt)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kato, Harukazu; Sakai, Hironori; Tokunaga, Yo; Tokiwa, Yoshihumi; Ikeda, Shugo; Onuki, Yoshichika; Kambe, Shinsaku; Walstedt, Russell E

2003-01-01

Ga nuclear magnetic resonance measurements have been carried out for the 5f antiferromagnets UNiGa 5 and UPtGa 5 . The transferred field at the Ga nuclei has been evaluated. The magnetic structure in the antiferromagnetic region has been confirmed from the microscopic point of view. The mechanism of the hyperfine interaction is discussed

Multidimensional Wave Field Signal Theory: Transfer Function Relationships

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natalie Baddour

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The transmission of information by propagating or diffusive waves is common to many fields of engineering and physics. Such physical phenomena are governed by a Helmholtz (real wavenumber or pseudo-Helmholtz (complex wavenumber equation. Since these equations are linear, it would be useful to be able to use tools from signal theory in solving related problems. The aim of this paper is to derive multidimensional input/output transfer function relationships in the spatial domain for these equations in order to permit such a signal theoretic approach to problem solving. This paper presents such transfer function relationships for the spatial (not Fourier domain within appropriate coordinate systems. It is shown that the relationships assume particularly simple and computationally useful forms once the appropriate curvilinear version of a multidimensional spatial Fourier transform is used. These results are shown for both real and complex wavenumbers. Fourier inversion of these formulas would have applications for tomographic problems in various modalities. In the case of real wavenumbers, these inversion formulas are presented in closed form, whereby an input can be calculated from a given or measured wavefield.

Infrared laser induced population transfer and parity selection in (14)NH3: A proof of principle experiment towards detecting parity violation in chiral molecules.

Science.gov (United States)

Dietiker, P; Miloglyadov, E; Quack, M; Schneider, A; Seyfang, G

2015-12-28

We have set up an experiment for the efficient population transfer by a sequential two photon-absorption and stimulated emission-process in a molecular beam to prepare quantum states of well defined parity and their subsequent sensitive detection. This provides a proof of principle for an experiment which would allow for parity selection and measurement of the time evolution of parity in chiral molecules, resulting in a measurement of the parity violating energy difference ΔpvE between enantiomers of chiral molecules. Here, we present first results on a simple achiral molecule demonstrating efficient population transfer (about 80% on the average for each step) and unperturbed persistence of a selected excited parity level over flight times of about 1.3 ms in the beam. In agreement with model calculations with and without including nuclear hyperfine structure, efficient population transfer can be achieved by a rather simple implementation of the rapid adiabatic passage method of Reuss and coworkers and considering also the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage technique of Bergmann and coworkers as an alternative. The preparation step uses two powerful single mode continuous wave optical parametric oscillators of high frequency stability and accuracy. The detection uses a sensitive resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization method after free flight lengths of up to 0.8 m in the molecular beam. Using this technique, we were able to also resolve the nuclear hyperfine structure in the rovibrational levels of the ν1 and ν3 fundamentals as well as the 2ν4 overtone of (14)NH3, for which no previous data with hyperfine resolution were available. We present our new results on the quadrupole coupling constants for the ν1, ν3, and 2ν4 levels in the context of previously known data for ν2 and its overtone, as well as ν4, and the ground state. Thus, now, (14)N quadrupole coupling constants for all fundamentals and some overtones of (14)NH3 are known and can be used for

Hyperfine structure, nuclear spins and magnetic moments of some cesium isotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ekstroem, C.; Ingelman, S.; Wannberg, G.

1977-03-01

Using an atomic-beam magnetic resonance apparatus connected on-line with the ISOLDE isotope separator, CERN, hyperfine structure measurements have been performed in the 2 Ssub(1/2) electronic ground state of some cesium isotopes. An on-line oven system which efficiently converts a mass separated ion-beam of alkali isotopes to an atomic beam is described in some detail. Experimentally determined nuclear spins of sup(120, 121, 121m, 122, 122m, 123, 124, 126, 128, 130m, 135m)Cs and magnetic moments of sup(122, 123, 124, 126, 128, 130)Cs are reported and discussed in terms of different nuclear models. The experimental data indicate deformed nuclear shapes of the lightest cesium isotopes. (Auth.)

Comptonization in Ultra-Strong Magnetic Fields: Numerical Solution to the Radiative Transfer Problem

Science.gov (United States)

Ceccobello, C.; Farinelli, R.; Titarchuk, L.

2014-01-01

We consider the radiative transfer problem in a plane-parallel slab of thermal electrons in the presence of an ultra-strong magnetic field (B approximately greater than B(sub c) approx. = 4.4 x 10(exp 13) G). Under these conditions, the magnetic field behaves like a birefringent medium for the propagating photons, and the electromagnetic radiation is split into two polarization modes, ordinary and extraordinary, that have different cross-sections. When the optical depth of the slab is large, the ordinary-mode photons are strongly Comptonized and the photon field is dominated by an isotropic component. Aims. The radiative transfer problem in strong magnetic fields presents many mathematical issues and analytical or numerical solutions can be obtained only under some given approximations. We investigate this problem both from the analytical and numerical point of view, provide a test of the previous analytical estimates, and extend these results with numerical techniques. Methods. We consider here the case of low temperature black-body photons propagating in a sub-relativistic temperature plasma, which allows us to deal with a semi-Fokker-Planck approximation of the radiative transfer equation. The problem can then be treated with the variable separation method, and we use a numerical technique to find solutions to the eigenvalue problem in the case of a singular kernel of the space operator. The singularity of the space kernel is the result of the strong angular dependence of the electron cross-section in the presence of a strong magnetic field. Results. We provide the numerical solution obtained for eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the space operator, and the emerging Comptonization spectrum of the ordinary-mode photons for any eigenvalue of the space equation and for energies significantly lesser than the cyclotron energy, which is on the order of MeV for the intensity of the magnetic field here considered. Conclusions. We derived the specific intensity of the

Measurement and modeling of hyperfine parameters in ferroic materials

CERN Document Server

Gonçalves, João Nuno; Correia, J G

This thesis presents the results of perturbed angular correlation (PAC) experiments , an experimental technique which measures the hyperfine interaction at probes (radioactive ions implanted in the materials to study), from which one infers local information on an atomic scale. Furthermore, abinitio calculations using density functional theory electronic obtain results that directly complement the experiments, and are also used for theoretical research. These methods were applied in two families of materials. The manganites, with the possible existence of magnetic, charge, orbital and ferroelectric orders, are of fundamental and technological interest. The experimental results are obtained in the alkaline-earth manganites (Ca, Ba, Sr), with special interest due to the structural variety of possible polymorphs. With probes of Cd and In the stability of the probe and its location in a wide temperature range is established and a comparison with calculations allows the physical interpretation of the results. Cal...

Coulomb artifacts and bottomonium hyperfine splitting in lattice NRQCD

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, T. [Department of Physics, University of Alberta,11455 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2J1 (Canada); Penin, A.A. [Department of Physics, University of Alberta,11455 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2J1 (Canada); Institut für Theoretische Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1, 76128 Karlsruhe (Germany); Rayyan, A. [Department of Physics, University of Alberta,11455 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2J1 (Canada)

2017-02-16

We study the role of the lattice artifacts associated with the Coulomb binding effects in the analysis of the heavy quarkonium within lattice NRQCD. We find that a “naïve” perturbative matching generates spurious linear Coulomb artifacts, which result in a large systematic error in the lattice predictions for the heavy quarkonium spectrum. This effect is responsible, in particular, for the discrepancy between the recent determinations of the bottomonium hyperfine splitting in the radiatively improved lattice NRQCD (DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.92.054502; Arxiv:1309.5797). We show that the correct matching procedure which provides full control over discretization errors is based on the asymptotic expansion of the lattice theory about the continuum limit, which gives M{sub Υ(1S)}−M{sub η{sub b(1S)}}=52.9±5.5 MeV (DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.92.054502).

Ultrafast modulation of near-field heat transfer with tunable metamaterials

OpenAIRE

Cui, Longji; Huang, Yong; Wang, Ju; Zhu, Ke-Yong

2012-01-01

We propose a mechanism of active near-field heat transfer modulation relying on externally tunable metamaterials. A large modulation effect is observed and can be explained by the coupling of surface modes, which is dramatically varied in the presence of controllable magnetoelectric coupling in metamaterials. We finally discuss how a practical picosecond-scale thermal modulator can be made. This modulator allows manipulating nanoscale heat flux in an ultrafast and noncontact (by optical means...

Self-energy correction to the hyperfine splitting for excited states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wundt, B. J.; Jentschura, U. D.

2011-01-01

The self-energy corrections to the hyperfine splitting is evaluated for higher excited states in hydrogenlike ions using an expansion in the binding parameter Zα, where Z is the nuclear-charge number and α is the fine-structure constant. We present analytic results for D, F, and G states, and for a number of highly excited Rydberg states, with principal quantum numbers in the range 13≤n≤16, and orbital angular momenta l=n-2 and l=n-1. A closed-form analytic expression is derived for the contribution of high-energy photons, valid for any state with l≥2 and arbitrary n, l, and total angular momentum j. The low-energy contributions are written in the form of generalized Bethe logarithms and evaluated for selected states.

Structural properties and hyperfine characterization of Sn-substituted goethites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Larralde, A.L. [INQUIMAE, Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Analitica y Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina); Ramos, C.P. [Departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada, GIyA - CAC - CNEA, Av. Gral. Paz 1499 (1650), San Martin, Bs. As. (Argentina); Arcondo, B. [Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Paseo Colon 850 (C1063ACV), Bs. As. (Argentina); Tufo, A.E. [INQUIMAE, Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Analitica y Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina); Saragovi, C. [Departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada, GIyA - CAC - CNEA, Av. Gral. Paz 1499 (1650), San Martin, Bs. As. (Argentina); Sileo, E.E., E-mail: sileo@qi.fcen.uba.ar [INQUIMAE, Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Analitica y Quimica Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina)

2012-04-16

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Pure and tin-doped goethites were synthesized from Sn(II) solutions at ambient pressure and 70 Degree-Sign C. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The Rietveld refinement of PXRD data indicated that Sn partially substituted the Fe(III) ions. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The substitution provoked unit cell expansion, and a distortion of the coordination polyhedron. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer {sup 119}Sn Moessbauer spectroscopy revealed that Sn(II) is incorporated as Sn(IV). Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer {sup 57}Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy showed a lower magnetic coupling as tin concentration increased. - Abstract: Tin-doped goethites obtained by a simple method at ambient pressure and 70 Degree-Sign C were characterized by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction data, and {sup 57}Fe and {sup 119}Sn Moessbauer spectroscopy. The particles size and the length to width ratios decreased with tin-doping. Sn partially substituted the Fe(III) ions provoking unit cell expansion and increasing the crystallinity of the particles with enlarged domains that grow in the perpendicular and parallel directions to the anisotropic broadening (1 1 1) axis. Intermetallic E, E Prime and DC distances also change although the variations are not monotonous, indicating different variations in the coordination polyhedron. In general, the Sn-substituted samples present larger intermetallic distances than pure goethite, and the greatest change is shown in the E Prime distance which coincides with the c-parameter. {sup 119}Sn Moessbauer spectroscopy revealed that Sn(II) is incorporated as Sn(IV) in the samples. On the other hand, Fe(II) presence was not detected by {sup 57}Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy, suggesting the existence of vacancies in the Sn-doped samples. A lower magnetic coupling is also evidenced from the average magnetic hyperfine field values obtained as tin

Research to practice in addiction treatment: key terms and a field-driven model of technology transfer.

Science.gov (United States)

2011-09-01

The transfer of new technologies (e.g., evidence-based practices) into substance abuse treatment organizations often occurs long after they have been developed and shown to be effective. Transfer is slowed, in part, due to a lack of clear understanding about all that is needed to achieve full implementation of these technologies. Such misunderstanding is exacerbated by inconsistent terminology and overlapping models of an innovation, including its development and validation, dissemination to the public, and implementation or use in the field. For this reason, a workgroup of the Addiction Technology Transfer Center (ATTC) Network developed a field-driven conceptual model of the innovation process that more precisely defines relevant terms and concepts and integrates them into a comprehensive taxonomy. The proposed definitions and conceptual framework will allow for improved understanding and consensus regarding the distinct meaning and conceptual relationships between dimensions of the technology transfer process and accelerate the use of evidence-based practices. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Hyperfine anomalies of HCN in cold dark clouds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Walmsley, C.M.; Churchwell, E.; Nash, A.; Fitzpatrick, E.; and Physics Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

1982-01-01

We report observations of the J = 1→0 line of HCN measured toward six positions in nearby low-temperature dark clouds. The measured relative intensities of the hyperfine components of the J = 1→0 line are anomalous in that the F = 0→1 transition is stronger than would be expected if all three components (F = 2→1, F = 1→1, F = 0→1) had equal excitation temperatures. Differences of approximately 20% in the populations per sublevel of J = 1 could account for the observations. The results are in contrast to the situation observed in warmer molecular clouds associated with H II regions where the F = 1→1 line is anomalously weak. The apparent overpopulation of J = 1, F = 0 in dark clouds may be related to the phenomenon observed in the J = 1→0 transitions of HCO + and HNC in the same objects where 13 C substituted version of these species is found to be stronger than the 12 C species

Improved performance and stability of field-effect transistors with polymeric residue-free graphene channel transferred by gold layer.

Science.gov (United States)

Jang, Mi; Trung, Tran Quang; Jung, Jin-Heak; Kim, Bo-Yeong; Lee, Nae-Eung

2014-03-07

One of the most significant issues that occurs when applying chemical-vapor deposited (CVD) graphene (Gr) to various high-performance device applications is the result of polymeric residues. Polymeric residues remain on the Gr surface during Gr polymer support transfer to an arbitrary substrate, and these residues degrade CVD Gr electrical properties. In this paper, we propose that a thin layer of gold be used as a CVD Gr transfer layer, instead of a polymer support layer, to enable a polymer residue-free transfer. Comparative investigation of the surface morphological and qualitative analysis of residues on Gr surfaces and Gr field-effect transistors (GFETs) using two transfer methods demonstrates that gold-transferred Gr, with uniform, smooth, and clean surfaces, enable GFETs to perform better than Gr transferred by the polymer, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). In GFETs fabricated by the gold transfer method, field-effect carrier mobility was greatly enhanced and the position of the Dirac point was significantly reduced compared to GFETs fabricated by the PMMA transfer method. In addition, compared to the PMMA-transferred GFETs, the gold-transferred GFETs showed greatly increased stability with smaller hysteresis and higher resistance to gate bias stress effects. These results suggest that the gold transfer method for Gr provides significant improvements in GFET performance and reliability by minimizing the polymeric residues and defects on Gr.

A study on the flow field and local heat transfer performance due to geometric scaling of centrifugal fans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stafford, Jason; Walsh, Ed; Egan, Vanessa

2011-01-01

Highlights: ► Velocity field and local heat transfer trends of centrifugal fans. ► Time-averaged vortices are generated by flow separation. ► Local vortex and impingement regions are evident on surface heat transfer maps. ► Miniature centrifugal fans should be designed with an aspect ratio below 0.3. ► Theory under predicts heat transfer due to complex, unsteady outlet flow. - Abstract: Scaled versions of fan designs are often chosen to address thermal management issues in space constrained applications. Using velocity field and local heat transfer measurement techniques, the thermal performance characteristics of a range of geometrically scaled centrifugal fan designs have been investigated. Complex fluid flow structures and surface heat transfer trends due to centrifugal fans were found to be common over a wide range of fan aspect ratios (blade height to fan diameter). The limiting aspect ratio for heat transfer enhancement was 0.3, as larger aspect ratios were shown to result in a reduction in overall thermal performance. Over the range of fans examined, the low profile centrifugal designs produced significant enhancement in thermal performance when compared to that predicted using classical laminar flow theory. The limiting non-dimensional distance from the fan, where this enhancement is no longer apparent, has also been determined. Using the fundamental information inferred from local velocity field and heat transfer measurements, selection criteria can be determined for both low and high power practical applications where space restrictions exist.

Hyperfine interactions and electric dipole moments in the [16.0]1.5(v = 6), [16.0]3.5(v = 7), and X2Δ(5/2) states of iridium monosilicide, IrSi.

Science.gov (United States)

Le, Anh; Steimle, Timothy C; Morse, Michael D; Garcia, Maria A; Cheng, Lan; Stanton, John F

2013-12-19

The (6,0)[16.0]1.5-X(2)Δ(5/2) and (7,0)[16.0]3.5-X(2)Δ(5/2) bands of IrSi have been recorded using high-resolution laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The field-free spectra of the (191)IrSi and (193)IrSi isotopologues were modeled to generate a set of fine, magnetic hyperfine, and nuclear quadrupole hyperfine parameters for the X(2)Δ(5/2)(v = 0), [16.0]1.5(v = 6), and [16.0]3.5 (v = 7) states. The observed optical Stark shifts for the (193)IrSi and (191)IrSi isotopologues were analyzed to produce the permanent electric dipole moments, μ(el), of -0.414(6) D and 0.782(6) D for the X(2)Δ(5/2) and [16.0]1.5 (v = 6) states, respectively. Properties of the X(2)Δ(5/2) state computed using relativistic coupled-cluster methods clearly indicate that electron correlation plays an essential role. Specifically, inclusion of correlation changes the sign of the dipole moment and is essential for achieving good accuracy for the nuclear quadrupole coupling parameter eQq0.

Proton, muon and ¹³C hyperfine coupling constants of C₆₀X and C₇₀X (X = H, Mu).

Science.gov (United States)

Brodovitch, Jean-Claude; Addison-Jones, Brenda; Ghandi, Khashayar; McKenzie, Iain; Percival, Paul W

2015-01-21

The reaction of H atoms with fullerene C70 has been investigated by identifying the radical products formed by addition of the atom muonium (Mu) to the fullerene in solution. Four of the five possible radical isomers of C70Mu were detected by avoided level-crossing resonance (μLCR) spectroscopy, using a dilute solution of enriched (13)C70 in decalin. DFT calculations were used to predict muon and (13)C isotropic hyperfine constants as an aid to assigning the observed μLCR signals. Computational methods were benchmarked against previously published experimental data for (13)C60Mu in solution. Analysis of the μLCR spectrum resulted in the first experimental determination of (13)C hyperfine constants in either C70Mu or C70H. The large number of values confirms predictions that the four radical isomers have extended distributions of unpaired electron spin.

Contribution to the theoretical study of metallic systems containing rare earths: hyperfine interactions and exchange coupling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Troper, A.

1978-01-01

A theoretical study involving rare earth impurities, which were embedded in transition metals (s-p or noble), from the point of view of the hyperfine interactions is presented. A model was created to describe a d-resonance (Anderson-Moriya) acting on a s-p conduction band which was strongly perturbed by a slater-koster potential, used to describe the rare earths which were diluted in matrices of transition elements. (author)

The muon spin response to intermittent hyperfine interaction: modelling the high-temperature electrical activity of hydrogen in silicon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lord, J S; Cox, S F J; Charlton, M; Werf, D P Van der; Lichti, R L; Amato, A

2004-01-01

At temperatures above 600 K in silicon, unlike at lower temperatures, the partitioning of muonium between its neutral paramagnetic states and its charged or electronically diamagnetic states corresponds closely to thermodynamic equilibrium. The individual charge states are short lived, with many cycles of carrier capture and release occurring within the muon lifetime. The resultant intermittent hyperfine interaction depolarizes the muons strongly, with longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates remaining distinct up to about 700 K but becoming equal at still higher temperatures. Data up to 900 K are presented and interpreted. The muon spin rotation spectrum in transverse magnetic fields, although collapsed to a single broad line in this charge exchange regime, is shifted substantially from the muon Larmor frequency, the shift being non-linear in field and only in small part due to electron polarization. A new density matrix treatment shows how all three observables can be accounted for with a consistent set of transition rates. These in turn may be interpreted in terms of effective donor and acceptor energy levels appropriate to this high-temperature regime, confirming negative-U behaviour and providing the first estimate, for muonium, of this elusive parameter. At temperatures where passivation complexes are dissociated, these findings provide a guide to, and microscopic models for, the electrical activity of hydrogen

Ab initio calculation of hyperfine splitting constants of molecules

Science.gov (United States)

Ohta, K.; Nakatsuji, H.; Hirao, K.; Yonezawa, T.

1980-08-01

Hyperfine splitting (hfs) constants of molecules, methyl, ethyl, vinyl, allyl, cyclopropyl, formyl, O3-, NH2, NO2, and NF2 radicals have been calculated by the pseudo-orbital (PO) theory, the unrestricted HF (UHF), projected UHF (PUHF) and single excitation (SE) CI theories. The pseudo-orbital (PO) theory is based on the symmetry-adapted-cluster (SAC) expansion proposed previously. Several contractions of the Gaussian basis sets of double-zeta accuracy have been examined. The UHF results were consistently too large to compare with experiments and the PUHF results were too small. For molecules studied here, the PO theory and SECI theory gave relatively close results. They were in fair agreement with experiments. The first-order spin-polarization self-consistency effect, which was shown to be important for atoms, is relatively small for the molecules. The present result also shows an importance of eliminating orbital-transformation dependence from conventional first-order perturbation calculations. The present calculations have explained well several important variations in the experimental hfs constants.

Casimir friction and near-field radiative heat transfer in graphene structures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Volokitin, A.I. [Forschungszentrum Juelich (Germany). Peter Gruenberg Inst.; Samara State Technical Univ. (Russian Federation). Physical Dept.

2017-05-01

The dependence of the Casimir friction force between a graphene sheet and a (amorphous) SiO{sub 2} substrate on the drift velocity of the electrons in the graphene sheet is studied. It is shown that the Casimir friction is strongly enhanced for the drift velocity above the threshold velocity when the friction is determined by the resonant excitation of the surface phonon-polaritons in the SiO{sub 2} substrate and the electron-hole pairs in graphene. The theory agrees well with the experimental data for the current-voltage dependence for unsuspended graphene on the SiO{sub 2} substrate. The theories of the Casimir friction and the near-field radiative energy transfer are used to study the heat generation and dissipation in graphene due to the interaction with phonon-polaritons in the (amorphous) SiO{sub 2} substrate and acoustic phonons in graphene. For suspended graphene, the energy transfer coefficient at nanoscale gap is ∝ three orders of magnitude larger than the radiative heat transfer coefficient of the blackbody radiation limit.

Casimir friction and near-field radiative heat transfer in graphene structures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volokitin, A.I.; Samara State Technical Univ.

2017-01-01

The dependence of the Casimir friction force between a graphene sheet and a (amorphous) SiO 2 substrate on the drift velocity of the electrons in the graphene sheet is studied. It is shown that the Casimir friction is strongly enhanced for the drift velocity above the threshold velocity when the friction is determined by the resonant excitation of the surface phonon-polaritons in the SiO 2 substrate and the electron-hole pairs in graphene. The theory agrees well with the experimental data for the current-voltage dependence for unsuspended graphene on the SiO 2 substrate. The theories of the Casimir friction and the near-field radiative energy transfer are used to study the heat generation and dissipation in graphene due to the interaction with phonon-polaritons in the (amorphous) SiO 2 substrate and acoustic phonons in graphene. For suspended graphene, the energy transfer coefficient at nanoscale gap is ∝ three orders of magnitude larger than the radiative heat transfer coefficient of the blackbody radiation limit.

Forward two-photon exchange in elastic lepton-proton scattering and hyperfine-splitting correction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tomalak, Oleksandr [Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet, Institut fuer Kernphysik and PRISMA Cluster of Excellence, Mainz (Germany)

2017-08-15

We relate the forward two-photon exchange (TPE) amplitudes to integrals of the inclusive lepton-proton scattering cross sections. These relations yield an alternative way for the evaluation of the TPE correction to hyperfine-splitting (HFS) in the hydrogen-like atoms with an equivalent to the standard approach (Iddings, Drell and Sullivan) result implying the Burkhardt-Cottingham sum rule. For evaluation of the individual effects (e.g., elastic contribution) our approach yields a distinct result. We compare both methods numerically on examples of the elastic contribution and the full TPE correction to HFS in electronic and muonic hydrogen. (orig.)

Interface charge transfer process in ZnO:Mn/ZnS nanocomposites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stefan, M.; Toloman, D., E-mail: dana.toloman@itim-cj.ro; Popa, A. [National Institute for R & D of Isotopic and Molecular Technology (Romania); Mesaros, A. [Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Superconductivity, Spintronics and Surface Science Center – C4S (Romania); Vasile, O. R. [University “Politehnica” from Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science (Romania); Leostean, C.; Pana, O. [National Institute for R & D of Isotopic and Molecular Technology (Romania)

2016-03-15

ZnO:Mn/ZnS nanocomposites were prepared by seed-mediated growth of ZnS QDs onto the preformed ZnO:Mn nanoparticles. The formation of the nanocomposite structure has been evidenced by XRD, HRTEM, and XPS. The architecture of the nanocomposite with outer ZnS QDs around ZnO:Mn cores is sustained by the sulfur and oxygen depth profiles resulted from XPS. When the two components are brought together, the band gap of ZnS component decreases while that of ZnO:Mn increases. It is the result of interface charge transfer from ZnO:Mn to ZnS QDs. Here ZnO:Mn valence states are extended through the interface into unoccupied gap states of ZnS. The energy band setup is modified from a type II into a type I band alignment. The process is accompanied by enhancement of composite UV emission of PL spectra as compared to its counterparts. The charge transfer from valence band also determines the increase of the core-polarization effect of sshell electrons at Mn{sup 2+} nucleus, thus determining the increase of the hyperfine field through the reduction of the covalency degree of Zn(Mn)–O bonds. The quantum confinement in ZnS QDs promotes the ferromagnetic coupling of singly occupied states due to Zn vacancies determining a superparamagnetic behavior of the ensemble. When the nanocomposites are formed, due to interface charge transfer effects, an increased number of filled cation vacancies in ZnS QDs develop, thus disrupting the pre-existing ferromagnetic coupling between spins resulting in a significant reduction of the overall saturation magnetization. The possibility to modulate nanocomposite properties by controlling the interface interactions may be foreseen in these types of materials.

Polarized Line Formation in Arbitrary Strength Magnetic Fields Angle-averaged and Angle-dependent Partial Frequency Redistribution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sampoorna, M.; Nagendra, K. N. [Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Koramangala, Bengaluru 560 034 (India); Stenflo, J. O., E-mail: sampoorna@iiap.res.in, E-mail: knn@iiap.res.in, E-mail: stenflo@astro.phys.ethz.ch [Institute of Astronomy, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich (Switzerland)

2017-08-01

Magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere leave their fingerprints in the polarized spectrum of the Sun via the Hanle and Zeeman effects. While the Hanle and Zeeman effects dominate, respectively, in the weak and strong field regimes, both these effects jointly operate in the intermediate field strength regime. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the polarized line transfer equation, including the combined influence of Hanle and Zeeman effects. Furthermore, it is required to take into account the effects of partial frequency redistribution (PRD) in scattering when dealing with strong chromospheric lines with broad damping wings. In this paper, we present a numerical method to solve the problem of polarized PRD line formation in magnetic fields of arbitrary strength and orientation. This numerical method is based on the concept of operator perturbation. For our studies, we consider a two-level atom model without hyperfine structure and lower-level polarization. We compare the PRD idealization of angle-averaged Hanle–Zeeman redistribution matrices with the full treatment of angle-dependent PRD, to indicate when the idealized treatment is inadequate and what kind of polarization effects are specific to angle-dependent PRD. Because the angle-dependent treatment is presently computationally prohibitive when applied to realistic model atmospheres, we present the computed emergent Stokes profiles for a range of magnetic fields, with the assumption of an isothermal one-dimensional medium.

High-Fidelity Trapped-Ion Quantum Logic Using Near-Field Microwaves.

Science.gov (United States)

Harty, T P; Sepiol, M A; Allcock, D T C; Ballance, C J; Tarlton, J E; Lucas, D M

2016-09-30

We demonstrate a two-qubit logic gate driven by near-field microwaves in a room-temperature microfabricated surface ion trap. We introduce a dynamically decoupled gate method, which stabilizes the qubits against fluctuating energy shifts and avoids the need to null the microwave field. We use the gate to produce a Bell state with fidelity 99.7(1)%, after accounting for state preparation and measurement errors. The gate is applied directly to ^{43}Ca^{+} hyperfine "atomic clock" qubits (coherence time T_{2}^{*}≈50  s) using the oscillating magnetic field gradient produced by an integrated microwave electrode.

Mass transfer processes and field-scale transport of organic solutes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brusseau, M.L.

1990-01-01

The influence of mass transfer processes, such as sorption/desorption and mass transfer between immiscible liquids and water, on the transport of organic solutes is discussed. Rate-limited sorption of organic solutes caused by a diffusion-constrained mechanism is shown to be significant under laboratory conditions. The significance of the impact of nonequilibrium sorption on field-scale transport is scale dependent. The impact of organic liquids on mass transfer and transport of organic solutes depends upon the nature of the solute and the nature and form of the organic liquid. For example, while retardation of nonionic solutes is decreased in mixed-solvent systems, (i.e. systems comprised of water and a miscible organic liquid or an immiscible liquid present in concentrations below phase separation), the retardation of organic acids may, in some cases, increase with addition of a cosolvent. While the presence of an immiscible liquid existing as a mobile phase will reduce retention of organic solutes, the presence of residual saturation of an immiscible liquid can significantly increase retention. A model is presented that incorporates the effects of retention resulting from residual saturation, as well as nonequilibrium sorption, on the transport of organic solutes. (Author) (70 refs., 3 figs.)

Temperature dependence of the hyperfine parameters of the iron bearing phases in the Moessbauer spectra collected by the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Cromphaut, Caroline; Resende, Valdirene G. de; De Grave, Eddy; Vandenberghe, Robert E.

2009-01-01

This contribution focuses on the Moessbauer spectra acquired by the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit which carried a MIMOS II Moessbauer spectrometer. Only those spectra which present a reasonable statistical quality were selected to for this study. Twenty five Moessbauer spectra have been considered. Common phases identified from the temperature dependent hyperfine parameters are olivine, pyroxene, hematite and magnetite. It is believed that the applied analysis method has provided accurate values for the various hyperfine data averaged over single 10 K temperature intervals in the range 210-260 K. The obtained results, to some extent forced to evolve consistently over the various ΔT intervals considered for a given soil/rock target, are in many cases different from previously published data. Possible reasons for these differences will be discussed.

Calculation of the hyperfine constants of the V sub (K) center in CaF2, SrF2 e BaF2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bufaical, R.F.

1975-03-01

The magnetic hyperfine constants of the V sub(K) center in CaF 2 , SrF 2 and BaF 2 have been calculated, assuming a phenomenological model, based on the F - 2 'central molecule', to describe the wave function of the defect. The introduction of covalence with the ions neighboring the 'central molecule', has shown that this is a better description for the defect than a simple 'central molecule' model. It was also shown that the results for the hyperfine constants are strongly dependent on the relaxations of these neighboring ions, which have been determined by fitting the experimental data. The present results are compared with other previous calculations where similar and different methods have been used. A better description for the wave function of the defect is suggested. (author) [pt

New probe of magnetic fields in the prereionization epoch. I. Formalism

Science.gov (United States)

Venumadhav, Tejaswi; Oklopčić, Antonija; Gluscevic, Vera; Mishra, Abhilash; Hirata, Christopher M.

2017-04-01

We propose a method of measuring extremely weak magnetic fields in the intergalactic medium prior to and during the epoch of cosmic reionization. The method utilizes the Larmor precession of spin-polarized neutral hydrogen in the triplet state of the hyperfine transition. This precession leads to a systematic change in the brightness temperature fluctuations of the 21-cm line from the high-redshift universe, and thus the statistics of these fluctuations encode information about the magnetic field the atoms are immersed in. The method is most suited to probing fields that are coherent on large scales; in this paper, we consider a homogenous magnetic field over the scale of the 21-cm fluctuations. Due to the long lifetime of the triplet state of the 21-cm transition, this technique is naturally sensitive to extremely weak field strengths, of order 10-19 G at a reference redshift of ˜20 (or 10-21 G if scaled to the present day). Therefore, this might open up the possibility of probing primordial magnetic fields just prior to reionization. If the magnetic fields are much stronger, it is still possible to use this method to infer their direction, and place a lower limit on their strength. In this paper (Paper I in a series on this effect), we perform detailed calculations of the microphysics behind this effect, and take into account all the processes that affect the hyperfine transition, including radiative decays, collisions, and optical pumping by Lyman-α photons. We conclude with an analytic formula for the brightness temperature of linear-regime fluctuations in the presence of a magnetic field, and discuss its limiting behavior for weak and strong fields.

In-situ electric field in human body model in different postures for wireless power transfer system in an electrical vehicle

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shimamoto, Takuya; Laakso, Ilkka; Hirata, Akimasa

2015-01-01

The in-situ electric field of an adult male model in different postures is evaluated for exposure to the magnetic field leaked from a wireless power transfer system in an electrical vehicle. The transfer system is located below the centre of the vehicle body and the transferred power and frequency are 7 kW and 85 kHz, respectively. The in-situ electric field is evaluated for a human model (i) crouching near the vehicle, (ii) lying on the ground with or without his arm stretched, (iii) sitting in the driver’s seat, and (iv) standing on a transmitting coil without a receiving coil. In each scenario, the maximum in-situ electric fields are lower than the allowable limit prescribed by international guidelines, although the local magnetic field strength in regions of the human body is higher than the allowable external magnetic field strength. The highest in-situ electric field is observed when the human body model is placed on the ground with his arm extended toward the coils, because of a higher magnetic field around the arm. (paper)

In-situ electric field in human body model in different postures for wireless power transfer system in an electrical vehicle.

Science.gov (United States)

Shimamoto, Takuya; Laakso, Ilkka; Hirata, Akimasa

2015-01-07

The in-situ electric field of an adult male model in different postures is evaluated for exposure to the magnetic field leaked from a wireless power transfer system in an electrical vehicle. The transfer system is located below the centre of the vehicle body and the transferred power and frequency are 7 kW and 85 kHz, respectively. The in-situ electric field is evaluated for a human model (i) crouching near the vehicle, (ii) lying on the ground with or without his arm stretched, (iii) sitting in the driver's seat, and (iv) standing on a transmitting coil without a receiving coil. In each scenario, the maximum in-situ electric fields are lower than the allowable limit prescribed by international guidelines, although the local magnetic field strength in regions of the human body is higher than the allowable external magnetic field strength. The highest in-situ electric field is observed when the human body model is placed on the ground with his arm extended toward the coils, because of a higher magnetic field around the arm.

Frequency-selective near-field radiative heat transfer between photonic crystal slabs: a computational approach for arbitrary geometries and materials.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodriguez, Alejandro W; Ilic, Ognjen; Bermel, Peter; Celanovic, Ivan; Joannopoulos, John D; Soljačić, Marin; Johnson, Steven G

2011-09-09

We demonstrate the possibility of achieving enhanced frequency-selective near-field radiative heat transfer between patterned (photonic-crystal) slabs at designable frequencies and separations, exploiting a general numerical approach for computing heat transfer in arbitrary geometries and materials based on the finite-difference time-domain method. Our simulations reveal a tradeoff between selectivity and near-field enhancement as the slab-slab separation decreases, with the patterned heat transfer eventually reducing to the unpatterned result multiplied by a fill factor (described by a standard proximity approximation). We also find that heat transfer can be further enhanced at selective frequencies when the slabs are brought into a glide-symmetric configuration, a consequence of the degeneracies associated with the nonsymmorphic symmetry group.

Variations of 57Fe hyperfine parameters in medicaments containing ferrous fumarate and ferrous sulfate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oshtrakh, M. I.; Novikov, E. G.; Dubiel, S. M.; Semionkin, V. A.

2010-01-01

Several commercially available medicaments containing ferrous fumarate (FeC 4 H 2 O 4 ) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 ), as a source of ferrous iron, were studied using a high velocity resolution Mössbauer spectroscopy. A comparison of the 57 Fe hyperfine parameters revealed small variations for the main components in both medicaments indicating some differences in the ferrous fumarates and ferrous sulfates. It was also found that all spectra contained additional minor components probably related to ferrous and ferric impurities or to partially modified main components.

Solar wind energy and electric field transfer to the Earth's magnetosphere VIA magnetopause reconnection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez, W.D.; Gonzalez, A.L.C.

1981-01-01

Some general expressions for the convection and parallel electric fields as well as for the energy transfer, due to magnetopause reconnection, are derived using a nose-reconnection model that takes into account the presence of the clefts. For the case of equal geomagnetic and magnetosheath field amplitudes, the expression for the power dissipated by the convection electric field reduces to the substorm parameter e widely discussed in the recent literature. This result suggests that magnetopause reconnection is defined at the nose with a tilted reconnection line, but that the convection electric field is related only to the dawn-dusk component of the reconnection electric field, as defined at high latitudes

A study on the flow field and local heat transfer performance due to geometric scaling of centrifugal fans

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stafford, Jason, E-mail: jason.stafford@ul.ie [Stokes Institute, Mechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Limerick, Limerick (Ireland); Walsh, Ed; Egan, Vanessa [Stokes Institute, Mechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Limerick, Limerick (Ireland)

2011-12-15

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Velocity field and local heat transfer trends of centrifugal fans. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Time-averaged vortices are generated by flow separation. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Local vortex and impingement regions are evident on surface heat transfer maps. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Miniature centrifugal fans should be designed with an aspect ratio below 0.3. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Theory under predicts heat transfer due to complex, unsteady outlet flow. - Abstract: Scaled versions of fan designs are often chosen to address thermal management issues in space constrained applications. Using velocity field and local heat transfer measurement techniques, the thermal performance characteristics of a range of geometrically scaled centrifugal fan designs have been investigated. Complex fluid flow structures and surface heat transfer trends due to centrifugal fans were found to be common over a wide range of fan aspect ratios (blade height to fan diameter). The limiting aspect ratio for heat transfer enhancement was 0.3, as larger aspect ratios were shown to result in a reduction in overall thermal performance. Over the range of fans examined, the low profile centrifugal designs produced significant enhancement in thermal performance when compared to that predicted using classical laminar flow theory. The limiting non-dimensional distance from the fan, where this enhancement is no longer apparent, has also been determined. Using the fundamental information inferred from local velocity field and heat transfer measurements, selection criteria can be determined for both low and high power practical applications where space restrictions exist.

Electron and nuclear spin interactions in the optical spectra of single GaAs quantum dots.

Science.gov (United States)

Gammon, D; Efros, A L; Kennedy, T A; Rosen, M; Katzer, D S; Park, D; Brown, S W; Korenev, V L; Merkulov, I A

2001-05-28

Fine and hyperfine splittings arising from electron, hole, and nuclear spin interactions in the magneto-optical spectra of individual localized excitons are studied. We explain the magnetic field dependence of the energy splitting through competition between Zeeman, exchange, and hyperfine interactions. An unexpectedly small hyperfine contribution to the splitting close to zero applied field is described well by the interplay between fluctuations of the hyperfine field experienced by the nuclear spin and nuclear dipole/dipole interactions.

Ultrahigh-resolution (1+1) photoionization spectroscopy of Kr I: Hyperfine structures, isotope shifts, and lifetimes for the n = 5,6,7 4p5ns Rydberg levels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Trickl, T.; Vrakking, M.J.J.; Cromwell, E.; Lee, Y.T.; Kung, A.H.

1989-01-01

High-resolution measurements of the hyperfine structures and isotope shifts are reported for Kr I n = 5,6,7 4p 5 ns Rydberg levels, obtained using an extreme-ultraviolet laser with a bandwidth of 210 MHz in a resonant two-photon-ionization scheme. Use of known I 2 frequencies yields an improved absolute calibration of the Kr energy levels by more than one order of magnitude. The nuclear quadrupole hyperfine structure indicates that the 4p 5 6s and 4p 5 7s states are described by a pure jj-coupling scheme, whereas the 4p 5 5s states depart from a pure jj-coupling scheme by 0.37(6)%. The magnetic hyperfine structure shows that the 4p 5 ns states are mixed with 4p 5 n'd states. The isotope shifts can be described as pure mass effects within the precision of our experiment. For the 4p 5 6s and 4p 5 7s states, lifetimes were determined that differ markedly from theoretical literature values

Fried-Yennie gauge recalculation of the electron line induced radiative-recoil corrections to muonium hyperfine splitting

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brook, V.Yu.; Eides, M.I.; Karshenboim, S.G.; Shelyuto, V.A.

1989-01-01

A new analytic calculation of radiative-recoil corrections to muonium ground-state hyperfine splitting induced by electron line insertions is performed. The starting point of this calculation is presented by the Fried-Yennie gauge expression for the electron line factor. The final result confirms the one obtained previously from the apparently different expression in the Feynman gauge and removes the slight discrepancy which existed in the literature between the calculations in different gauges. (orig.)

Improved transfer of graphene for gated Schottky-junction, vertical, organic, field-effect transistors.

Science.gov (United States)

Lemaitre, Maxime G; Donoghue, Evan P; McCarthy, Mitchell A; Liu, Bo; Tongay, Sefaattin; Gila, Brent; Kumar, Purushottam; Singh, Rajiv K; Appleton, Bill R; Rinzler, Andrew G

2012-10-23

An improved process for graphene transfer was used to demonstrate high performance graphene enabled vertical organic field effect transistors (G-VFETs). The process reduces disorder and eliminates the polymeric residue that typically plagues transferred films. The method also allows for purposely creating pores in the graphene of a controlled areal density. Transconductance observed in G-VFETs fabricated with a continuous (pore-free) graphene source electrode is attributed to modulation of the contact barrier height between the graphene and organic semiconductor due to a gate field induced Fermi level shift in the low density of electronic-states graphene electrode. Pores introduced in the graphene source electrode are shown to boost the G-VFET performance, which scales with the areal pore density taking advantage of both barrier height lowering and tunnel barrier thinning. Devices with areal pore densities of 20% exhibit on/off ratios and output current densities exceeding 10(6) and 200 mA/cm(2), respectively, at drain voltages below 5 V.

Design of an electrically small circularly polarised turnstile antenna and its application to near-field wireless power transfer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Yoon, Ick-Jae; Ling, Hao

2014-01-01

An electrically small circularly polarised antenna is designed and applied to near-field wireless power transfer as a means of alleviating orientation dependence. The antenna is miniaturised from a spl lambda//2-turnstile antenna by utilising the top loading and multiple folding techniques. A loc...... performance is verified in the far field. The power transfer efficiency is then examined in the near field via simulation and measurement. It is shown that the designed circularly polarised antenna is effective in mitigating orientation dependence down to a distance of 0.2λ.......An electrically small circularly polarised antenna is designed and applied to near-field wireless power transfer as a means of alleviating orientation dependence. The antenna is miniaturised from a spl lambda//2-turnstile antenna by utilising the top loading and multiple folding techniques. A local...... numerical search is used to determine the optimal antenna dimensions to achieve good axial ratio and impedance matching. The resulting design has a kr of 0.67 and shows good circular polarisation characteristic with a 3% axial ratio bandwidth. The designed antenna is fabricated and its circular polarisation...

Magnetic field effect on nanoparticles migration and heat transfer of water/alumina nanofluid in a channel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Malvandi, A., E-mail: amirmalvandi@aut.ac.ir [Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Ganji, D.D., E-mail: ddg_davood@yahoo.com [Mechanical Engineering Department, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2014-08-01

The present study is a theoretical investigation of the laminar flow and convective heat transfer of water/alumina nanofluid inside a parallel-plate channel in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. A modified two-component, four-equation, nonhomogeneous equilibrium model was employed for the alumina/water nanofluid, which fully accounted for the effect of the nanoparticle volume fraction distribution. The no-slip condition of the fluid–solid interface is abandoned in favor of a slip condition which appropriately represents the non-equilibrium region near the interface at micro/nano channels. The results obtained indicated that nanoparticles move from the heated walls (nanoparticles depletion) toward the core region of the channel (nanoparticles accumulation) and construct a non-uniform nanoparticles distribution. Moreover, in the presence of the magnetic field, the near wall velocity gradients increase, enhancing the slip velocity and thus the heat transfer rate and pressure drop increase. - Highlights: • Force convection of alumina/water nanofluid inside a parallel-plate channel. • Magnetic field effects on nanoparticles' migration. • Effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis diffusivities on nanoparticle migration. • Different mechanisms of heat transfer rate based on nanoparticles' diameter.

Studies on MHD pressure drop and heat transfer of helium-lithium annular-mist flow in a transverse magnetic field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inoue, Akira; Aritomi, Masanori; Takahashi, Minoru; Matsuzaki, Mitsuo; Narita, Yoshihito; Yano, Toshikazu.

1987-01-01

Pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient of helium-lithium annular-mist flow in a rectangular duct were investigated experimentally under a transverse magnetic field at system pressure of 0.2 MPa. A ratio of MHD pressure drop to that of non-magnetic field increases with magnetic flux density and a mass flow rate ratio of lithium to helium in low helium velocity region. However, as increasing the helium velocity, the increment of MHD pressure drop with the magnetic flux density is much reduced and then becomes almost zero. At this condition, the MHD pressure drop of the annular-mist flow becomes much smaller than that of lithium single phase flow with the same lithium mass flow at the high magnetic flux density. Heat transfer coefficient ratio of the helium-lithium annular-mist flow to helium single phase in the non-magnetic field is well correlated by a ratio of the mass flow rate of lithium to helium. The heat transfer coefficient in the magnetic field increases with the magnetic flux density and then terminates at a certain value depending on the mass flow rate ratio and the helium velocity. These characteristics of the MHD pressure drop and the heat transfer in the magnetic field suggest that the helium-lithium annular-mist flow is effectively applicable to cooling of the high heat flux wall in a strong magnetic field like a first wall of a magnetic confinement fusion reactors. (author)

Moessbauer study of the fast magnetization reversal forced in permalloy and invar by an external rf magnetic field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kopcewicz, M.

1978-01-01

The effect of fast magnetization reversal leading to fast relaxation of the hyperfine field (collapse effect) forced by an external rf magnetic field is studied using the Moessbauer technique for permalloy and invar. The rf collapse and sideband effects are investigated as a function of external rf field, frequency, and intensity. The collapse of the hfs spectrum through unresolved hfs spectrum, triangular shape to a single line, as well as the formation of sidebands is observed. The rf collapse effect is attributed to the rf forced uniform rotation of internal magnetization which causes fast magnetization reversal leading to fast relaxation of the hyperfine field as a result of which the average field at the Moessbauer nuclei is reduced to zero. The difference of the magnetization reversal process in permalloy and invar are discussed. It is shown that the origin of collapse and sideband effects is totaly different: the collapse effect being of purely magnetic origin while the formation of sidebands is due to the rf induced mechanical vibrations of iron atoms within the sample. It is possible to damp sidebands without affecting the collapse effect. The results obtained show that the application of the rf field to ferromagnetic materials gives a unique possibility to force, simulate, and control the relaxation effects in ferromagnetic materials. (author)

Cryogenic tunable microwave cavity at 13GHz for hyperfine spectroscopy of antiprotonic helium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakaguchi, J.; Gilg, H.; Hayano, R.S.; Ishikawa, T.; Suzuki, K.; Widmann, E.; Yamaguchi, H.; Caspers, F.; Eades, J.; Hori, M.; Barna, D.; Horvath, D.; Juhasz, B.; Torii, H.A.; Yamazaki, T.

2004-01-01

For the precise measurement of the hyperfine structure of antiprotonic helium, microwave radiation of 12.9GHz frequency is needed, tunable over +/-100MHz. A cylindrical microwave cavity is used whose front and rear faces are meshed to allow the antiprotons and laser beams to enter. The cavity is embedded in a cryogenic helium gas target. Frequency tuning of ∼300MHz with Q values of 2700-3000 was achieved using over-coupling and an external triple stub tuner. We also present Monte-Carlo simulations of the stopping distribution of antiprotons in the low-density helium gas using the GEANT4 package with modified energy loss routines

Near field heat transfer between random composite materials. Applications and limitations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santiago, Eva Yazmin; Esquivel-Sirvent, Raul [Univ. Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (Mexico). Inst. de Fisica

2017-05-01

We present a theoretical study of the limits and bounds of using effective medium approximations in the calculation of the near field radiative heat transfer between a composite system made of Au nanoparticles in a SiC host and an homogeneous SiC slab. The effective dielectric function of the composite slab is calculated using three different approximations: Maxwell-Garnett, Bruggeman, and Looyenga's. In addition, we considered an empirical fit to the effective dielectric function by Grundquist and Hunderi. We show that the calculated value of the heat flux in the near field is dependent on the model, and the difference in the effective dielectric function is larger around the plasmonic response of the Au nanoparticles. This, in turn, accounts for the difference in the near field radiative heat flux. For all values of filling fractions, the Looyenga approximation gives a lower bound for the heat flux.

Solving radiative transfer with line overlaps using Gauss-Seidel algorithms

Science.gov (United States)

Daniel, F.; Cernicharo, J.

2008-09-01

Context: The improvement in observational facilities requires refining the modelling of the geometrical structures of astrophysical objects. Nevertheless, for complex problems such as line overlap in molecules showing hyperfine structure, a detailed analysis still requires a large amount of computing time and thus, misinterpretation cannot be dismissed due to an undersampling of the whole space of parameters. Aims: We extend the discussion of the implementation of the Gauss-Seidel algorithm in spherical geometry and include the case of hyperfine line overlap. Methods: We first review the basics of the short characteristics method that is used to solve the radiative transfer equations. Details are given on the determination of the Lambda operator in spherical geometry. The Gauss-Seidel algorithm is then described and, by analogy to the plan-parallel case, we see how to introduce it in spherical geometry. Doing so requires some approximations in order to keep the algorithm competitive. Finally, line overlap effects are included. Results: The convergence speed of the algorithm is compared to the usual Jacobi iterative schemes. The gain in the number of iterations is typically factors of 2 and 4 for the two implementations made of the Gauss-Seidel algorithm. This is obtained despite the introduction of approximations in the algorithm. A comparison of results obtained with and without line overlaps for N2H^+, HCN, and HNC shows that the J=3-2 line intensities are significantly underestimated in models where line overlap is neglected.

Modulation of the wall-heat transfer in turbulent thermomagnetic convection by magnetic field gradients

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kenjeres, S.; Zinsmeester, R.; Pyrda, L.; Fornalik-Wajs, E.; Szmyd, J.

2015-01-01

We present combined experimental and numerical studies of the heat transfer of paramagnetic or diamagnetic fluid inside a differentially heated cubical enclosure subjected to the magnetic field gradients of different strength and orientation. In contrast to the previously reported studies in

Evaluation of the induced electric field and compliance procedure for a wireless power transfer system in an electrical vehicle

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Laakso, Ilkka; Hirata, Akimasa

2013-01-01

In this study, an induced electric field in a human body is evaluated for the magnetic field leaked from a wireless power transfer system for charging an electrical vehicle. The magnetic field from the wireless power transfer system is modelled computationally, and its effectiveness is confirmed by comparison with the field measured in a previous study. The induced electric field in a human standing around the vehicle is smaller than the allowable limit prescribed in international guidelines, although the magnetic field strength in the human body is locally higher than the allowable external field strength. Correlation between the external magnetic field and the induced electric field is confirmed to be reasonable at least in the standing posture, which is the case discussed in the international standard. Based on this finding, we discussed and confirmed the applicability of a three-point magnetic field measurement at heights of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 m for safety compliance. (paper)

Evaluation of the induced electric field and compliance procedure for a wireless power transfer system in an electrical vehicle.

Science.gov (United States)

Laakso, Ilkka; Hirata, Akimasa

2013-11-07

In this study, an induced electric field in a human body is evaluated for the magnetic field leaked from a wireless power transfer system for charging an electrical vehicle. The magnetic field from the wireless power transfer system is modelled computationally, and its effectiveness is confirmed by comparison with the field measured in a previous study. The induced electric field in a human standing around the vehicle is smaller than the allowable limit prescribed in international guidelines, although the magnetic field strength in the human body is locally higher than the allowable external field strength. Correlation between the external magnetic field and the induced electric field is confirmed to be reasonable at least in the standing posture, which is the case discussed in the international standard. Based on this finding, we discussed and confirmed the applicability of a three-point magnetic field measurement at heights of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 m for safety compliance.

Heat transfer to liquid sodium in a straight duct in the presence of a transverse magnetic field and a gravity field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Majid, A.

1998-01-01

Heat transfer to liquid sodium in the presence of a transverse magnetic field and gravity field was analyzed in a square cross section straight duct. The duct had conducting vanadium walls. Magnetohydrodynamic equations in three dimensions and energy equation in three dimensions in cartesian coordinate system were solved. Firstly Nusselt number was calculated with no magnetic field and gravity field. Secondly the Nusselt number was calculated for the case of transverse magnetic field acting on the fluid. Thirdly Nusselt number was calculated for the case of transverse magnetic field and gravity field acting on the fluid. Only one face of the channel was heated. It was found that Nusselt number is not sensitive to application of gravity field and is slightly sensitive to application of transverse magnetic field. The sensitivity of Nusselt number to magnetic field intensity becomes almost negligible after increasing the strength of magnetic field to 0.1 Tesla. (author)

Analysis of in situ electric field and specific absorption rate in human models for wireless power transfer system with induction coupling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sunohara, Tetsu; Hirata, Akimasa; Laakso, Ilkka; Onishi, Teruo

2014-01-01

This study investigates the specific absorption rate (SAR) and the in situ electric field in anatomically based human models for the magnetic field from an inductive wireless power transfer system developed on the basis of the specifications of the wireless power consortium. The transfer system consists of two induction coils covered by magnetic sheets. Both the waiting and charging conditions are considered. The transfer frequency considered in this study is 140 kHz, which is within the range where the magneto-quasi-static approximation is valid. The SAR and in situ electric field in the chest and arm of the models are calculated by numerically solving the scalar potential finite difference equation. The electromagnetic modelling of the coils in the wireless power transfer system is verified by comparing the computed and measured magnetic field distributions. The results indicate that the peak value of the SAR averaged over a 10 g of tissue and that of the in situ electric field are 72 nW kg −1  and 91 mV m −1  for a transmitted power of 1 W, Consequently, the maximum allowable transmitted powers satisfying the exposure limits of the SAR (2 W kg −1 ) and the in situ electric field (18.9 V m −1 ) are found to be 28 MW and 43 kW. The computational results show that the in situ electric field in the chest is the most restrictive factor when compliance with the wireless power transfer system is evaluated according to international guidelines. (paper)

Analysis of in situ electric field and specific absorption rate in human models for wireless power transfer system with induction coupling.

Science.gov (United States)

Sunohara, Tetsu; Hirata, Akimasa; Laakso, Ilkka; Onishi, Teruo

2014-07-21

This study investigates the specific absorption rate (SAR) and the in situ electric field in anatomically based human models for the magnetic field from an inductive wireless power transfer system developed on the basis of the specifications of the wireless power consortium. The transfer system consists of two induction coils covered by magnetic sheets. Both the waiting and charging conditions are considered. The transfer frequency considered in this study is 140 kHz, which is within the range where the magneto-quasi-static approximation is valid. The SAR and in situ electric field in the chest and arm of the models are calculated by numerically solving the scalar potential finite difference equation. The electromagnetic modelling of the coils in the wireless power transfer system is verified by comparing the computed and measured magnetic field distributions. The results indicate that the peak value of the SAR averaged over a 10 g of tissue and that of the in situ electric field are 72 nW kg(-1) and 91 mV m(-1) for a transmitted power of 1 W, Consequently, the maximum allowable transmitted powers satisfying the exposure limits of the SAR (2 W kg(-1)) and the in situ electric field (18.9 V m(-1)) are found to be 28 MW and 43 kW. The computational results show that the in situ electric field in the chest is the most restrictive factor when compliance with the wireless power transfer system is evaluated according to international guidelines.

Radical polarization in double switching of external magnetic field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lukzen, N.N.; Morozov, V.A.; Sagdeev, R.Z.

1999-01-01

Theoretical treatment of radical spin evolution under the action of double switching of external magnetic field is proposed. Account is taken of evolution of the radical spin state during laser pulse which generates paramagnetic particles. It is shown that the most effective beats in the nuclear magnetization of diamagnetic products of recombination occur upon the jump into zero magnetic field after laser pulse. The phase of observed beats bears information about the type of the initial radical polarization. The frequency of the beats is determined by radical hyperfine structure. (Copyright (c) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.)

Parallel-plate submicron gap formed by micromachined low-density pillars for near-field radiative heat transfer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ito, Kota; Miura, Atsushi; Iizuka, Hideo; Toshiyoshi, Hiroshi

2015-01-01

Near-field radiative heat transfer has been a subject of great interest due to the applicability to thermal management and energy conversion. In this letter, a submicron gap between a pair of diced fused quartz substrates is formed by using micromachined low-density pillars to obtain both the parallelism and small parasitic heat conduction. The gap uniformity is validated by the optical interferometry at four corners of the substrates. The heat flux across the gap is measured in a steady-state and is no greater than twice of theoretically predicted radiative heat flux, which indicates that the parasitic heat conduction is suppressed to the level of the radiative heat transfer or less. The heat conduction through the pillars is modeled, and it is found to be limited by the thermal contact resistance between the pillar top and the opposing substrate surface. The methodology to form and evaluate the gap promotes the near-field radiative heat transfer to various applications such as thermal rectification, thermal modulation, and thermophotovoltaics

Parallel-plate submicron gap formed by micromachined low-density pillars for near-field radiative heat transfer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ito, Kota, E-mail: kotaito@mosk.tytlabs.co.jp [Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192 (Japan); Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904 (Japan); Miura, Atsushi; Iizuka, Hideo [Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192 (Japan); Toshiyoshi, Hiroshi [Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904 (Japan)

2015-02-23

Near-field radiative heat transfer has been a subject of great interest due to the applicability to thermal management and energy conversion. In this letter, a submicron gap between a pair of diced fused quartz substrates is formed by using micromachined low-density pillars to obtain both the parallelism and small parasitic heat conduction. The gap uniformity is validated by the optical interferometry at four corners of the substrates. The heat flux across the gap is measured in a steady-state and is no greater than twice of theoretically predicted radiative heat flux, which indicates that the parasitic heat conduction is suppressed to the level of the radiative heat transfer or less. The heat conduction through the pillars is modeled, and it is found to be limited by the thermal contact resistance between the pillar top and the opposing substrate surface. The methodology to form and evaluate the gap promotes the near-field radiative heat transfer to various applications such as thermal rectification, thermal modulation, and thermophotovoltaics.

A transferable force field for CdS-CdSe-PbS-PbSe solid systems

Science.gov (United States)

Fan, Zhaochuan; Koster, Rik S.; Wang, Shuaiwei; Fang, Changming; Yalcin, Anil O.; Tichelaar, Frans D.; Zandbergen, Henny W.; van Huis, Marijn A.; Vlugt, Thijs J. H.

2014-12-01

A transferable force field for the PbSe-CdSe solid system using the partially charged rigid ion model has been successfully developed and was used to study the cation exchange in PbSe-CdSe heteronanocrystals [A. O. Yalcin et al., "Atomic resolution monitoring of cation exchange in CdSe-PbSe heteronanocrystals during epitaxial solid-solid-vapor growth," Nano Lett. 14, 3661-3667 (2014)]. In this work, we extend this force field by including another two important binary semiconductors, PbS and CdS, and provide detailed information on the validation of this force field. The parameterization combines Bader charge analysis, empirical fitting, and ab initio energy surface fitting. When compared with experimental data and density functional theory calculations, it is shown that a wide range of physical properties of bulk PbS, PbSe, CdS, CdSe, and their mixed phases can be accurately reproduced using this force field. The choice of functional forms and parameterization strategy is demonstrated to be rational and effective. This transferable force field can be used in various studies on II-VI and IV-VI semiconductor materials consisting of CdS, CdSe, PbS, and PbSe. Here, we demonstrate the applicability of the force field model by molecular dynamics simulations whereby transformations are initiated by cation exchange.

A transferable force field for CdS-CdSe-PbS-PbSe solid systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fan, Zhaochuan; Vlugt, Thijs J. H., E-mail: t.j.h.vlugt@tudelft.nl [Process and Energy Department, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft,The Netherlands (Netherlands); Koster, Rik S.; Fang, Changming; Huis, Marijn A. van [Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht (Netherlands); Wang, Shuaiwei [Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, Henan 450006 (China); Yalcin, Anil O.; Tichelaar, Frans D.; Zandbergen, Henny W. [Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft (Netherlands)

2014-12-28

A transferable force field for the PbSe-CdSe solid system using the partially charged rigid ion model has been successfully developed and was used to study the cation exchange in PbSe-CdSe heteronanocrystals [A. O. Yalcin et al., “Atomic resolution monitoring of cation exchange in CdSe-PbSe heteronanocrystals during epitaxial solid-solid-vapor growth,” Nano Lett. 14, 3661–3667 (2014)]. In this work, we extend this force field by including another two important binary semiconductors, PbS and CdS, and provide detailed information on the validation of this force field. The parameterization combines Bader charge analysis, empirical fitting, and ab initio energy surface fitting. When compared with experimental data and density functional theory calculations, it is shown that a wide range of physical properties of bulk PbS, PbSe, CdS, CdSe, and their mixed phases can be accurately reproduced using this force field. The choice of functional forms and parameterization strategy is demonstrated to be rational and effective. This transferable force field can be used in various studies on II-VI and IV-VI semiconductor materials consisting of CdS, CdSe, PbS, and PbSe. Here, we demonstrate the applicability of the force field model by molecular dynamics simulations whereby transformations are initiated by cation exchange.