Thermoluminescent system for low temperatures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosa, L.A.R. da; Caldas, L.V.E.; Leite, N.G.

1988-09-01

A system for measurements of the thermoluminescent glow curve, the thermoluminescent emission spectrum and the optical absorption spectrum of solid samples, from liquid nitrogen temperature up to 473 K, is reported. A specially designed temperature programmer provides a linear heating of the sample at a wide range of selectable heating rates, as also long term steady-state temperatures for annealing and isothermal decay studies. The system operates at a pressure of 1.33 x 10 -3 Pa. Presently it is being used for lithium fluoride low temperature thermoluminescent studies. (author) [pt

Thermoluminescence dosimetry materials: properties and uses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McKeever, S.W.S.; Moscovitch, M.; Townsend, P.D.

1995-01-01

This book selects a range of the most popular thermoluminescence dosemeter (TLD) materials in use today and provides a critical account of their thermoluminescence (TL) and dosimetric properties. The information provided includes in-depth discussions of TL mechanisms, including an account of luminescence properties, and relevant information regarding dosimetric characteristics. The book is intended for those involved in TLD materials research, and for technicians and workers involved in the practical application of these materials in TL dosimetry. The advent of modern spectroscopic methods for measuring TL emission spectra (the so-called ''3-D'' presentation) seemed to the authors to be an invitation to compile such spectra for all the major TLD materials. Further consideration led to an expansion of the initial idea to include a compilation of dosimetric properties. One intention is to provide a synopsis of the TL and dosimetric properties of the most widely used TLD materials currently available and to form a link between the solid state defect properties of these materials and their actual dosimetric properties. A second intention is to provide a solid framework from which future studies of TLD materials could be launched. Too often in the past research into TLD materials has been haphazard, to say the least. By illustrating the links between solid state physics and the radiation dosimetry properties of these materials the book points to the future and to the pressing need for enhanced research on TLD materials. (Author)

Thermoluminescence from natural calcites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Calderon, T.; Jaque, F.; Coy-yll, R.

1984-01-01

Thermoluminescence (TL) as well as absorption and EPR spectra of x-irradiated natural calcites have been obtained. Irradiation produces UV absorption bands and a decrease of the Mn 2+ EPR spectrum. A correlation of each TL peak with the bleaching steps of UV absorption bands and the recovering in intensity of the Mn 2+ EPR spectrum has been found. These experimental results support a new model for the radiation damage and thermoluminescence process in calcites. The main point in this model is that holes become trapped at impurities, and the electrons are trapped at dislocations in the form of CO 3 3- . (author)

Fluorescence and thermoluminescence in silicon oxide films rich in silicon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Berman M, D.; Piters, T. M.; Aceves M, M.; Berriel V, L. R.; Luna L, J. A.

2009-10-01

In this work we determined the fluorescence and thermoluminescence (TL) creation spectra of silicon rich oxide films (SRO) with three different silicon excesses. To study the TL of SRO, 550 nm of SRO film were deposited by Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition technique on N-type silicon substrates with resistivity in the order of 3 to 5 Ω-cm with silicon excess controlled by the ratio of the gases used in the process, SRO films with Ro= 10, 20 and 30 (12-6% silicon excess) were obtained. Then, they were thermally treated in N 2 at high temperatures to diffuse and homogenize the silicon excess. In the fluorescence spectra two main emission regions are observed, one around 400 nm and one around 800 nm. TL creation spectra were determined by plotting the integrated TL intensity as function of the excitation wavelength. (Author)

Thermoluminescence, luminescence optically stimulated and creation of defects in alkaline halogenides contaminated with Europium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barboza F, M.

1999-01-01

The alkaline halogenides have been subject matter of investigations related with the search of sensor materials for X-ray bidimensional images or optical memories. The understanding of the damage formation processes generated by ionizing and non-ionizing radiations is important for the correct design of devices that working as detectors and dosemeters of both type of radiations. In this work we present the investigation results related with the defects produced by the ionizing radiation type X and ultraviolet light in the range of 200-360 nm in crystals of KCl: Eu 2+ and KBr:Eu 2+ . It is examined the thermoluminescence and luminescence spectra with the purpose of identifying the exciton processes, owing to the excitation of the halogenide ions in which the primary defects correspond to the F and H centers. It has been found that the 400-600 nm emission is associated with the luminescence type that in his turn can be associated with autotrapped excitons perturbed by the impurity. On the other hand, it is examined the emission spectra of the luminescence optically stimulated in crystals of KBr: Eu 2+ and KCl: Eu 2+ finding too that such materials would be used as optical memories susceptible of to store information, and through of photostimulation to read this. It was determined that the F centers participate in the luminescence optically stimulated in these crystals, as well as too in the recombination processes responsible by the thermoluminescent emission. (Author)

The composite nature of the thermoluminescence UV emission of quartz

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fasoli, Mauro, E-mail: mauro.fasoli@mater.unimib.it [Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano (Italy); INFN, Sezione di Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, I-20126 Milano (Italy); Martini, Marco [Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano (Italy); INFN, Sezione di Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, I-20126 Milano (Italy)

2016-05-15

The radioluminescence (RL) spectra of three types of quartz have been compared to those obtained from wavelength resolved thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) measurements. A detailed numerical deconvolution into Gaussian components allowed to identify which of the bands are involved in either types of luminescence processes. The blue “A band” at 2.51 eV was confirmed to dominate both RL and TSL spectra in samples exposed to prolonged irradiation. The UV emission of the 110 °C TSL peak was found to be composite. Analogously to what previously reported for RL spectra, an annealing at 500 °C for 10 min induced a strong enhancement of the “C band” at 3.42 eV. This effect was particularly evident in natural and pre-irradiated quartz. A second intense UV component, the “M band” at 3.7 eV, was found to contribute to both TSL and RL spectra of samples annealed at 1000 °C for 10 min. A further broad UV emission seems to be involved only in RL emission but not in the TSL one.

Thermoluminescence of CaCO3:Dy and CaCO3:Mn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bapat, V.N.; Nambi, K.S.V.

1976-01-01

CaCO 3 samples doped with Dy and Mn were prepared in the laboratory by co-precipitation techniques. Thermoluminescence and emission spectra of these phosphors were studied and were compared with those of the naturally occuring calcite and undoped CaCO 3 samples. Dy-doping seems to give a more efficient phosphor and indicates a possibility of getting a better phosphor by a judicious choice of a rare earth doping of CaCO 3 . Interesting result have been obtained on the TL glow curve variations of these phosphors with different temperature treatments prior to irradiation. (author)

New thermoluminescence techniques for mineral exploration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Levy, P.W.; Holmes, R.J.; Ypma, P.J.; Chen, C.C.; Swiderski, H.S.

1977-01-01

The thermoluminescence of carbonate host rock in the vicinity of known lead-zinc and lead-zinc-fluorite mineralization was reexamined for possible development as an exploration technique. The measurements were made with equipment for determining the thermoluminescence spectrum at closely spaced temperature intervals. Radiation-induced thermoluminescence was also measured. Samples were studied from five localities in Mexico, Southwest Africa, and the United States. Four thermoluminescence properties were found to vary with ''distance-from-ore'' in a systematic manner. These include the glow peak intensity and temperature and the emission spectrum peak energy and full width at half-maximum. For example, in both limestone and dolomite, the high-temperature glow peak intensities are low or negligible within the ore and as the distance from the contact increases the intensity rises rapidly to a maximum, or maxima, and then decreases irregularly to constant value slightly above that in the ore. Depending on the thickness of the ore, the thermoluminescence characteristics associated with the mineralization extended from ten to a hundred or so meters from the ore host rock contact. 5 figures

Investigation of thermoluminescence and electron-vibrational interaction parameters in SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pardhi, Shilpa A.; Nair, Govind B.; Sharma, Ravi; Dhoble, S.J.

2017-01-01

Combustion synthesis method was employed for the synthesis of green-emitting monoclinic SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ , Dy 3+ phosphors. The phase-purity of the prepared phosphors were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The prepared phosphors exhibited green light emission with the peak centred at 510 nm, under 350 nm UV excitation. The excitation and emission spectra were analysed and the parameters of electron-vibrational interaction (EVI), such as the Huang–Rhys factor, effective phonon energy and zero-phonon line position were estimated using the spectrum fitting method. Thermoluminescence (TL) behaviour of the as-prepared phosphors were analysed for UV and 137 Cs γ-ray source irradiation. TL glow curves for UV-irradiated SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ , Dy 3+ phosphors were analysed. - Highlights: • Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ phosphors were analysed. • Electron-vibrational interaction (EVI) parameters of SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ phosphors were determined. • The phosphors are found to exhibit green light emission.

A study into the mechanism of thermoluminescence in a LiF:Mg,Ti dosimetry material

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Piters, T M

1993-10-11

Thermoluminescence (TL) is the phenomenon of light emission from an insulator or semiconductor when it is heated after a previous absorption of energy from ionising radiation. The purpose of the research described in this thesis is to get more insight into the mechanism of TL in LiF:Mg, Ti. In chapter 2 the idea of defect reactions during the readout is introduced as a possible explanation for the dependence of the read-out heating rate on TL. In chapter 3 a mode for the description of the emission band is described. The construction of a TL facility comprising the TL emission spectrometer is described in chapter 4. Chapter 5 gives an estimation for the possible errors that are made in the data analysis due to imperfect heat transfer from heater to sample. In chapter 6 results of measurements of TL emission spectra of a LiF:Mg, Ti (TLD-100) sample and three LiF:Mg, Ti samples with different impurity concentrations (0-6 ppm Ti and 80-100 ppm Mg) at different read out, annealing procedure and irradiation dose are described. At dose levels less than 22 Gy the emission spectra of the TLD-100 sample and the sample without Ti comprise one emission band at 420 nm and 620 nm, respectively. The TL emission spectra of the other two samples comprise two emission bands at 420 nm and 620 nm. (orig./MM).

A study into the mechanism of thermoluminescence in a LiF:Mg,Ti dosimetry material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Piters, T.M.

1993-01-01

Thermoluminescence (TL) is the phenomenon of light emission from an insulator or semiconductor when it is heated after a previous absorption of energy from ionising radiation. The purpose of the research described in this thesis is to get more insight into the mechanism of TL in LiF:Mg, Ti. In chapter 2 the idea of defect reactions during the readout is introduced as a possible explanation for the dependence of the read-out heating rate on TL. In chapter 3 a mode for the description of the emission band is described. The construction of a TL facility comprising the TL emission spectrometer is described in chapter 4. Chapter 5 gives an estimation for the possible errors that are made in the data analysis due to imperfect heat transfer from heater to sample. In chapter 6 results of measurements of TL emission spectra of a LiF:Mg, Ti (TLD-100) sample and three LiF:Mg, Ti samples with different impurity concentrations (0-6 ppm Ti and 80-100 ppm Mg) at different read out, annealing procedure and irradiation dose are described. At dose levels less than 22 Gy the emission spectra of the TLD-100 sample and the sample without Ti comprise one emission band at 420 nm and 620 nm, respectively. The TL emission spectra of the other two samples comprise two emission bands at 420 nm and 620 nm. (orig./MM)

Thermoluminescence and recovery processes in pure and doped NaCl after 20 K irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez, F.J.; Aguilar, M.; Jaque, F.; Agullo-Lopez, F.

1980-01-01

The thermoluminescence (TL) spectra after X-ray irradiation at 20 K have been investigated for pure as well as divalent cation doped NaCl. The F-centre decay has also been determined in pure and Ca and Mg doped NaCl for comparison purposes. A clear decrease in F-centre concentration appears to correlate with glow peaks at 44 and 50 K for pure and Ca-doped samples. Main glow peak appearing at 69 K is not associated to any appreciable F-centre decay step. Below liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT) all peaks show both σ and π exciton emission bands. Above LNT, the glow peaks for doped samples show the σ emission together with another band at 410 nm, whereas pure samples still present the intrinsic emission bands. (author)

Variation in thermoluminescence of irradiated brands of foodstuffs: a test for hygienic quality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mamoon, A.; Zaheer, A.; Abu-Abdullah, S.

1996-01-01

Thermoluminescence of irradiated foodstuffs such as herbs and spices, is mostly due to attached dust or soil particles. Different brands of the same foodstuff sometimes give thermoluminescent signals of different intensities, apparently due to different degrees of dust contamination. It is of obvious importance to choose brands of foodstuffs that appear to have less dust contamination, i.e. of better hygienic quality. Several food items were investigated with respect to their thermoluminescent (TL) emission in order to assess TL usefulness as an indicator of hygienic quality for foods prone to contamination by dust. In this regard some foodstuff were artificially contaminated with a soil sample and their thermoluminescent emission was obtained. (author)

Personnel monitoring of radiations with thermoluminescent dosemeters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miano, S.C.

1987-01-01

The basics of personnel dosimetry technics, used by the Radiologic Protetion and Assessorie Service (SAPRA) are presented, consisting on use of thermoluminescent and CaSO 4 :Dy monitors in aggregated pellets by Teflon. The characteristics of this dosemeters, relating to the sensitivity, energetic dependence, spike temperature, characteristic emission curve, decay and light effect are shown. The thermoluminescent dosemeter measure system and the personnel monitoring system are also described. (C.G.C.) [pt

Thermoluminescence of KCl:Eu2+ under ultraviolet irradiation at different temperatures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aguirre de Carcer, I.; Jaque, F.; Rowlands, A.P.; Townsend, P.D.

1998-01-01

The thermoluminescence of KCl:Eu 2+ ultraviolet irradiated samples has been studied at different temperatures with the aim of optimising its solar dosimetric characteristics. This was achieved by recording with a dosimeter -10 deg. C. Ultraviolet light (254 nm) irradiation under these conditions produces a high TL peak at 90 deg. C which is linear with exposure time over at least four orders of magnitude. The TL emission spectra of KCl:Eu 2+ under UV irradiation have been analysed to reveal component bands at 2.86 eV, 2.97 eV, 3.02 eV, 3.07 eV, 3.14 eV and 3.26 eV that corresponds to divalent europium impurity sites. The new peak at 3.26 eV (297 nm) had not reported before but it has to be considered in order to match the experimental TL emission. A model for the defect site of this new emission is discussed

Thermoluminescence studies of natural and doped calcium fluoride phosphors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El Kolaly, M.A.

1977-01-01

The various aspects of thermoluminescence (TL) of calcium fluoride phosphors obtained both from natural and laboratory-grown CaF 2 crystals have been investigated in the temperature range from room temperature to 750 deg C. Dopants used in these studies were Mn, Y and lanthanide series rare earths. The aspects which have been investigated are : (1) effect of single and double doping on TL glow curves and TL emission spectra after gamma irradiation, (2) TL traps : their kinetics including evaluation of the activation energy using different techniques, their decay kinetics and their behaviour under partially filled conditions, and (3) effect of temperature on emission of intensity of X-ray induced luminescence and TL. During the course of these investigations, a new glow peak was observed at 650 deg C in natural CaF 2 . It was found that this peak could also be produced in synthetic CaF 2 doped with (Y + Sm). A new model for the TL trap has also been proposed. (M.G.B.)

Oxidation/reduction effects on sapphire thermoluminescent detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molnar, G.; Borossay, J.; Suevegh, K.; Vertes, A.

1998-01-01

Complete text of publication follows. The thermoluminescence (TL) and thermally stimulated exoemission (TSEE) properties of Al 2 O 3 has been extensively studied during the past 40 years. It has been suggested as a dosemeter for both ultraviolet light and ionising radiation. Nevertheless the connection between the structure (point defects) of alumina and thermally stimulated relaxation processes has not yet been clearly explained. In this work α-Al 2 O 3 single crystal samples were studied in order to determine the mechanism of electron-hole processes of thermoluminescence and thermally stimulated exoelectron emission peaks. Single crystals prepared in highly reducing conditions were treated in different atmospheres (reducing/oxidising) and their optical absorption (after isochronous annealing), fluorescence, positron-annihilation and TL properties were investigated. Changes of optical absorption and positron annihilation spectra of oxidised samples suggest that Schottky-type defect formation occurred - the concentration of Al-vacancies increased while that of O-vacancies decreased. Also we observed the oxidation of Ti 3+ to Ti 4+ . The reduction of an oxidised sample led to the diminution of Al-vacancy concentration while that of O-vacancies has not been changed. This suggest a Frenkel-type cationic defect. We also tried to correlate these changes to changes of TL glow curves and to explain the origin of some TL peaks

OSL, TL and IRSL emission spectra of sedimentary quartz and feldspar samples

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lomax, Johanna; Mittelstraß, Dirk; Kreutzer, Sebastian; Fuchs, Markus

2015-01-01

This contribution presents a variety of different luminescence emission spectra from sedimentary feldspar and quartz samples under various stimulation modes. These are green stimulated quartz (OSL-) spectra, quartz TL spectra, feldspar IRSL and post-IR IRSL spectra. A focus was set at recording OSL and IRSL spectra at elevated stimulation temperatures such as routinely applied in luminescence dating. This was to test whether optical stimulation at elevated temperatures results in a shift of emission peaks. For OSL emissions of quartz, this has so far not been tested. In case of feldspar emissions, post-IR IRSL conditions, hence IRSL emissions at a low temperature, directly followed by high temperature post-IRSL emissions, are explicitly investigated. All spectra were recorded using a new system incorporated into a Lexsyg luminescence reader. Thus, this study, besides presenting new spectral data, also serves as a feasibility study for this new device. It is shown that (a) the new device is capable of automatically measuring different sorts of spectra, also at elevated temperatures, (b) known thermally and optically stimulated peak emissions of quartz and feldspar are confirmed, (c) obtained IRSL and OSL spectra indicate that there is no significant relation between peak emission and stimulation temperature. - Highlights: • We have measured OSL, IRSL and TL emission spectra of sedimentary quartz and feldspar samples. • Spectral analyses were performed at elevated stimulation temperatures. • Emission spectra show very little variation with stimulation temperatures.

Thermoluminescence of LiF: Mg, Ti between 77 and 315 K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosa, L.A.R. da.

1989-01-01

A special thermoluminescent system was developed. It is able to operate right from liquid nitrogen temperature and also permits the determination of the sample thermoluminescent emission spectrum. Using this system, the thermoluminescence displayed by 77 K irradiated LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100), from the irradiation temperature to 315 K, was studied. In this temperature range seven glow peaks, at 139, 153, 194, 240, 260, 283 and 300 K, were determined. (author)

Optical emission line spectra of Seyfert galaxies and radio galaxies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Osterbrock, D.E.

1978-01-01

Many radio galaxies have strong emission lines in their optical spectra, similar to the emission lines in the spectra of Seyfert galaxies. The range of ionization extends from [O I] and [N I] through [Ne V] and [Fe VII] to [Fe X]. The emission-line spectra of radio galaxies divide into two types, narrow-line radio galaxies whose spectra are indistinguishable from Seyfert 2 galaxies, and broad-line radio galaxies whose spectra are similar to Seyfert 1 galaxies. However on the average the broad-line radio galaxies have steeper Balmer decrements, stronger [O III] and weaker Fe II emission than the Seyfert 1 galaxies, though at least one Seyfert 1 galaxy not known to be a radio source has a spectrum very similar to typical broad-line radio galaxies. Intermediate-type Seyfert galaxies exist that show various mixtures of the Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 properties, and the narrow-line or Seyfert 2 property seems to be strongly correlated with radio emission. (Auth.)

The red thermoluminescence of quartz: 3-D spectral measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scholefield, R.B.; Prescott, J.R.

1999-01-01

As part of a general study of the thermoluminescence (TL) of quartz, we have examined the 3-D spectra of samples of quartz extracted from a variety of sediments. Blue emission at about 2.6 eV/475 nm, which is the photon energy region commonly used in luminescence dating, seems ubiquitous. Significant emission in the red, ∼1.9 eV/650 nm, has been found at most glow temperatures in all of our samples of Australian quartz sediments, and it is to this that particular attention is paid in the present work. A limited selection of samples from other countries has also been included. The ratio of the intensities of the red and blue emissions varies widely among samples. We have not found any evidence of a correlation between this ratio, nor the intensity of the red emission, with trace element concentration, including that of Al for which a correlation has been previously observed. In the context of luminescence dating, all samples have been examined to see whether they have a rapidly bleaching red component in a similar sense to the well-known 305 deg. C/2.95 eV/420 nm peak in quartz: some samples have such a component--some do not. A suggestive parallelism is found between the blue and red spectra, in that there are 'slowly bleaching' and 'rapidly bleaching' components at similar temperatures in the both red and the blue. However, there is no red component associated with the 110 deg. C peak used in pre-dose dating

Thermoluminescence studies on plant seeds of different radiosensitivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamaguchi, Hikoyuki; Eguchi, Hoshio; Koizumi, Yoshinobu.

1975-01-01

The thermoluminescence was found when the pulverized powders from the whole seeds of six plant species or the hypocotyls from the seeds of five soybean varieties were irradiated at a liquid nitrogen temperature with gamma-rays. The spectra of luminescence emitted, the light peak temperature, the decaying after irradiation and the dose relationship of luminescence were determined. A high yield of the rapidly-decaying luminescence occurred in the more radiosensitive variety when irradiated with relatively lower doses. The very drastic decrease of the thermoluminescence was observed in the samples irradiated at room temperature prior to the exposure at 77 0 K. (auth.)

Cancerous tissue mapping from random lasing emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Polson, R C; Vardeny, Z V

2010-01-01

Random lasing emission spectra have been collected from both healthy and cancerous tissues. The two types of tissue with optical gain have different light scattering properties as obtained from an average power Fourier transform of their random lasing emission spectra. The difference in the power Fourier transform leads to a contrast between cancerous and benign tissues, which is utilized for tissue mapping of healthy and cancerous regions of patients

Chemical effects in x-ray emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernandes, N.G.

1982-01-01

The chemical bond influence in X-ray emission spectra of hafnium, iodine, iron, sulphur, aluminium and magnesium is detected. The position of one X-ray emission line is determined by three methods: parabolic profile; Gaussian distribution and extra-heavy maximum. (author)

Thermoluminescence study of lithium fluorides

CERN Document Server

Abu-Alazm, S M

2003-01-01

The spectrum of the light emitted during thermoluminescence (TL) from irradiated lif sample with different doses of Xe, Kr and electrons have been studied. The results show a main peak for all samples irradiated and unirradiated at temperature about 200 degree C. Morcever when the reaches to the value 5x10 sup 1 1 ion/cm sup 2 a new two bands begin to appear in case of Xe and Kr ion irradiation. The TL spectra under Kr and Xe ion irradiation similar at the same dose. However, the spectra under electron irradiation were found to be rather different than under heavy ions irradiation.

Radioluminescence and thermoluminescence of albite at low temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Can, N.; Garcia-Guinea, J.; Kibar, R.; Cetin, A.; Ayvacikli, M.; Townsend, P.D.

2011-01-01

Feldspar as an archaeological and geological natural material for dating and retrospective dosimetry is receiving more and more attention because of its useful luminescence properties. In this study, the 25-280 K thermoluminescence (TL) and radioluminescence (RL) spectra in albite, which is a component of the two main feldspar series, the alkali feldspar (Na, K)AlSi 3 O 8 and the plagioclases (NaAlSi 3 O 8 -CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 ) have been presented for aliquots along (001) and (010) crystallographic orientations. There are four main emission bands that are considered to arise from complexes of intrinsic defects linked in larger complexes with impurities such as Na + , Mn 2+ or Fe 3+ ions. The consequence of their association is to produce different luminescence efficiencies that produce wavelength sensitive TL curves. Radioluminescence data at low temperature for albites is distorted by contributions from the TL sites, even when the RL is run in a cooling cycle. This indicates the potential for a far more general problem for analysis of low temperature RL in insulating materials. - Highlights: → TL and RL spectra in albite were presented for different orientations. → There are 4 emission bands that are considered to arise from complexes of intrinsic. → RL data at low temperature for albite is distorted by contributions from TL sites. → This indicates the potential problem for analysis of low temperature RL.

Study of the thermoluminescence emission of a natural α-cristobalite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Correcher, V.; Sanchez M, L.; Garcia G, J.; Bustillo, M.A.; Garcia, R.

2007-01-01

Full text: The thermoluminescence properties of a well-characterised natural cristobalite from Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain) have been studied. The natural blue emission (at 400 nm) of this silica polymorph of quartz, reveals the appearance of three groups of components appearing at 150, 230-240 and 370 C that could be associated, respectively, with (i) structural defects (similar to quartz), (ii) the reversible phase transition that converts α-cristobalite into , β cristobalite and (iii) electron recombination with unstable holes trapped at oxygen vacancies next to Al ions linked to the formation of β-cristobalite. The dose dependence of the induced TL (ITL emission of β-irradiated samples at room temperature exhibits a linear increase in the glow intensity of the whole curve with increasing the dose (r 2 = 0.999) in the range 0.5-10 Gy. Similar than quartz, the ITL glow curves display four maxim peaked at 90, 110, 180 and 220 C that could be respectively linked to (i) oxygen vacancies, (ii) recombination of electrons with (H 3 O 4 ) 0 centres that can act as hole traps, (iii) [GeO 4 ] - centres that are stabilised with monovalent cations (H + , Li + or Na + ) and (iv) [AlO 4 ] 0 hole-like centres which-are created when alkali ions are moving away from Al sites related also probably to the aforementioned reversible phase transition. (Author)

Study of the thermoluminescence emission of a natural α-cristobalite

Science.gov (United States)

Correcher, V.; Garcia-Guinea, J.; Bustillo, M. A.; Garcia, R.

The thermoluminescence (TL) properties of a well-characterised natural α-cristobalite from Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain) have been studied. The natural blue emission (at 400 nm) of this silica polymorph of quartz reveals the appearance of three groups of components peaked at 150, 230-240 and 370 °C, which could be associated, respectively, with (i) structural defects (similar to quartz), (ii) the reversible phase transition from α-cristobalite to β-cristobalite and (iii) electron recombination with unstable holes trapped at oxygen vacancies next to Al ions linked to the formation of β-cristobalite. Similar to quartz, the induced TL (ITL) glow curves display four maxima, peaked at 90, 110, 180 and 220 °C, which could be respectively associated with (i) oxygen vacancies, (ii) recombination of electrons with (H3O4)° centres that can act as hole traps, (iii) [GeO4]- centres that are stabilised with monovalent cations (H+, Li+ or Na+) and (iv) [AlO4]° hole-like centres that are created when alkali ions are moving away from Al sites related probably to the reversible phase transition. The dose dependence of the ITL emission of β-irradiated samples at room temperature exhibits a linear increase in the glow intensity of the 180 °C maximum when increasing the dose (r=0.997) in the range 0.5-10 Gy.

Comparative study of the thermoluminescence between the materials α-Al2O3:C, KCl:Eu2+, KBr: Eu2+ and VYCOR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pedroza M, M.; Melendrez, R.; Perez S, R.; Aceves, R.; Piters, T.M.; Barboza F, M.

1999-01-01

It is presented some investigation results related to the thermoluminescence curves (Tl), Tl emission and the spectra of excitation of thermoluminescence in the ultraviolet region of 190 to 250 nm in the materials α-Al 2 O 3 :C, KCl: Eu 2+ , KBr: Eu 2+ and the Vycor glass. It was able to be observed that the Tl emission for the first three materials exists around 420 nm and in the case of Vycor the emission consists of two Tl peaks where the most low temperature is a band more wide centered in 460 nm and the other band of high temperature emits in 470 nm. In the excitation curves of Tl were obtained centered bands around 230 nm for KCl: Eu 2+ , 235 nm for KBr: Eu 2+ , 220 nm for the alumina and 195 nm for the Vycor. From the results it was able to be appreciated that this last has a minor relative intensity with respect to the others materials but also the region in which works there was an alone band between the 190 to 205 nm. This fact makes the material be very selective in the ultraviolet region of greatest energy. (Author)

Thermoluminescence of meteorites and their orbits

Science.gov (United States)

Melcher, C. L.

1981-01-01

The thermoluminescence levels of 45 ordinary chondrites are measured in order to provide information on the orbital characteristics of the meteorites before impact. Glow curves of the photon emission response of powdered samples of the meteorites to temperatures up to 550 C in the natural state and following irradiation by a laboratory test dose of 110,000 rad were obtained as functions of terrestrial age and compared to those of samples of the Pribram, Lost City and Innisfree meteorites, for which accurate orbital data is available. The thermoluminescence levels in 40 out of 42 meteorites are found to be similar to those of the three control samples, indicating that the vast majority of ordinary chondrites that survive atmospheric entry have perihelia in the range 0.8-1 AU. Of the remaining two, Farmville is observed to exhibit an unusually large gradient in thermoluminescence levels with sample depth, which may be a result of a temperature gradient arising in a slowly rotating meteorite. Finally, the thermoluminescence measured in the Malakal meteorite is found to be two orders of magnitude lower than control samples, which is best explained by thermal draining by solar heating in an orbit with a perihelion distance of 0.5 to 0.6 AU.

Classification spectra of Sanduleak and Stephenson emission-line stars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Allen, D.A.

1978-01-01

Low dispersion slit spectra of 89 emission-line stars are described; these stars were originally located and classified by Sanduleak and Stephenson in an objective-prism survey. The new data broadly confirm the classification scheme adopted by Sanduleak and Stephenson. In particular most of the large number of symbiotic stars they classified have been confirmed and others found. Many of these contain strong, broad emission bands in their red spectra. Two new Wolf-Rayet stars, one new planetary nebula and two new bipolar reflection nebulae involving hidden emission-line stars have been found. (author)

Classification spectra of Sanduleak and Stephenson emission-line stars

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Allen, D A [Anglo-Australian Observatory, Epping (Australia)

1978-09-01

Low dispersion slit spectra of 89 emission-line stars are described; these stars were originally located and classified by Sanduleak and Stephenson in an objective-prism survey. The new data broadly confirm the classification scheme adopted by Sanduleak and Stephenson. In particular most of the large number of symbiotic stars they classified have been confirmed and others found. Many of these contain strong, broad emission bands in their red spectra. Two new Wolf-Rayet stars, one new planetary nebula and two new bipolar reflection nebulae involving hidden emission-line stars have been found.

Thermoluminescence - physics and applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sunta, C.M.

1992-01-01

The interaction of ionizing radiations with matter leads to various effects, some of which leave memory in the target material. These memory effects can be seen as the after-effects of the irradiation. Thermoluminescence is one such phenomenon in the insulating solids. This paper describes the sequence of the physical events beginning with the incidence of an ionizing particle, leading to a trail of atomic and electronic displacements which stabilize in the form of so called defect centres. These defects - interstitials, colour centres, etc., store energy in their configuration. Most of the damage effects are reversible. The return of the displaced entities to their original site leads to the release of the stored energy. Thermoluminescence is the result of the re-adjustment (relaxation) of the displaced electrons. The stimulation for the relaxation process is provided by heating of the irradiated sample. The kinetics of the thermoluminescence process has been explained phenomenologically. The correspondence between the defect centres and the TL glow peaks has remained vague or ambiguous even in the most widely studied TL materials. Notwithstanding this deficiency, the phenomenon has found many practical applications. The paper deals mainly with the physical processes involved in the TL emission and alludes briefly to its involvement in applied areas.(author). 6 refs., 2 figs

Rare earth oxyhalogenide base thermoluminescent material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rabatin, J.G.

1976-01-01

A process is described that consists to expose a thermoluminescent material to ionizing radiations, the material being a rare earth oxyhalogenide with terbium additions, to heat this material up to the emission of visible radiations and to measure the emitted radiations which are proportional to the ionizing radiation dose [fr

Study of the thermoluminescence emission of a natural {alpha}-cristobalite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Correcher, V.; Sanchez M, L. [CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid (Spain); Garcia G, J.; Bustillo, M.A.; Garcia, R. [MNCN-CSIC, J. Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid (Spain)

2007-07-01

Full text: The thermoluminescence properties of a well-characterised natural cristobalite from Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain) have been studied. The natural blue emission (at 400 nm) of this silica polymorph of quartz, reveals the appearance of three groups of components appearing at 150, 230-240 and 370 C that could be associated, respectively, with (i) structural defects (similar to quartz), (ii) the reversible phase transition that converts {alpha}-cristobalite into , {beta} cristobalite and (iii) electron recombination with unstable holes trapped at oxygen vacancies next to Al ions linked to the formation of {beta}-cristobalite. The dose dependence of the induced TL (ITL emission of {beta}-irradiated samples at room temperature exhibits a linear increase in the glow intensity of the whole curve with increasing the dose (r{sup 2}= 0.999) in the range 0.5-10 Gy. Similar than quartz, the ITL glow curves display four maxim peaked at 90, 110, 180 and 220 C that could be respectively linked to (i) oxygen vacancies, (ii) recombination of electrons with (H{sub 3}O{sub 4}){sup 0} centres that can act as hole traps, (iii) [GeO{sub 4}]{sup -} centres that are stabilised with monovalent cations (H{sup +}, Li{sup +} or Na{sup +}) and (iv) [AlO{sub 4}]{sup 0} hole-like centres which-are created when alkali ions are moving away from Al sites related also probably to the aforementioned reversible phase transition. (Author)

Study of Ultraviolet Emission Spectra in ZnO Thin Films

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Y. M. Lu

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Photoluminescence (PL of ZnO thin films prepared on c-Al2O3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD are investigated. For all samples, roomtemperature (RT spectra show a strong band-edge ultraviolet (UV emission with a pronounced low-energy band tail. The origin of this UV emission is analyzed by the temperature dependence of PL spectra. The result shows that the UV emission at RT contains different recombination processes. At low temperature donor-bound exciton (D0X emission plays a major role in PL spectra, while the free exciton transition (FX gradually dominates the spectrum with increasing temperatures. It notes that at low temperature an emission band (FA appears in low energy side of D0X and FX and can survive up to RT. Further confirmation shows that the origin of the band FA can be attributed to the transitions of conduction band electrons to acceptors (e, A0, in which the acceptor binding energy is estimated to be approximately 121 meV. It is concluded that at room temperature UV emission originates from the corporate contributions of the free exciton and free electrons-to-acceptor transitions.

Handbook of thermoluminescence

CERN Document Server

Furetta, Claudio

2010-01-01

This second edition of the Handbook of Thermoluminescence enlarges on all the subjects which were treated in the first edition and adds further arguments, including the theory of thermoluminescent dose measurement, several examples concerning the kinetics parameters determination using various methods such as peak shape, isothermal decay, and so on. A special section is devoted to food irradiation, an important subject at the present time, and to the thermoluminescent characterization of the minerals extracted from the irradiated food. Another new section is devoted to the thermoluminescent ph

Emission Spectra of Hydrogen-Seeded Helium Arcjets

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Welle, R

2000-01-01

.... This work reports on a recent set of experiments in which emission spectra of the plume of a helium arcjet were acquired and analyzed to obtain information on the internal energy modes of the arcjet...

Effect of surface contaminants on the light emission spectrum of LiF TLDs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abhold, M.E.

1987-01-01

Recent results show the differences between the light emissions spectra from LiF Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs) for gamma vs. alpha irradiations to be due to contaminants on the surface of the TLD. The light emission spectrum for thermal neutron irradiations was observed to be identical to that for a Cs-137 gamma irradiation in Harshaw TLD-100. Further experiments with surface treatments on TLD-100 indicate trace contaminants introduced by the standard methanol cleansing rinse in reagent grade methanol to have a substantial effect on the light emission spectrum for Am-241 alpha irradiations

Influence of pure dephasing on emission spectra from single photon sources

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Næsby Rasmussen, Andreas; Skovgård, Troels Suhr; Kristensen, Philip Trøst

2008-01-01

We investigate the light-matter interaction of a quantum dot with the electromagnetic field in a lossy microcavity and calculate emission spectra for nonzero detuning and dephasing. It is found that dephasing shifts the intensity of the emission peaks for nonzero detuning. We investigate the char......We investigate the light-matter interaction of a quantum dot with the electromagnetic field in a lossy microcavity and calculate emission spectra for nonzero detuning and dephasing. It is found that dephasing shifts the intensity of the emission peaks for nonzero detuning. We investigate...

Emission properties of thermoluminescence from natural quartz - blue and red TL response to absorbed dose

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hashimoto, T.; Yokosaka, K.; Habuki, H.

1987-01-01

The TL spectrometry of natural quartz exposed to a gamma radiation dose of 8.8 kGy proved that the red TL, mainly from volcanically originated quartz, has a broad emission band with a peak around 620 nm, while the blue TL from plutonically originated quartz also has a broad emission band giving a peak around 470 nm. These typical red or blue intrinsic colours were also confirmed on the thermoluminescence colour images (TLCI). Exceptionally, a pegmatite quartz changed its TLCI colour from red to blue when the absorbed dose was increased. By using colour filter assemblies, all these quartz samples were shown to emit mainly blue and red TLs, which have distinctly different TL responses to the absorbed dose; the blue invariably showed a supralinearity relation between 1 and 10 kGy dose. For the purpose of dating, the use of red TL, is preferable. The red TL component is related to the impurity Eu content in quartz minerals. (author)

Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence characterization of Eu3+- and Dy3+ -activated Ca3(PO4)2 phosphor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagpure, I.M.; Saha, Subhajit; Dhoble, S.J.

2009-01-01

Rare-earth-doped polycrystalline Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu, Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Dy and Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu,Dy phosphors prepared by a modified solid-state synthesis has been studied for its X-ray diffraction, thermoluminescence (TL) and photoluminescence (PL) characteristics. The PL emission spectra of the phosphor suggest the presence of Eu 3+ ion in Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu and Dy 3+ ion in Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Dy lattice sites. The TL glow curve of the Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu compounds has a simple structure with a prominent peak at 228 deg. C, while Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Dy peaking at 146 and 230 deg. C. TL sensitivity of phosphors are compared with CaSO 4 : Dy and found 1.52 and 1.20 times less in Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu and Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Dy phosphors, respectively. The Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Eu,Dy phosphors shows switching behavior under two different excitation wavelengths and enhancement in PL intensity of Dy 3+ ions were reported. The paper discusses the photoluminescence and thermoluminescence behavior of Eu 3+ and Dy 3+ ion in Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 hosts, it may be applicable to solid-state lighting as well as thermoluminescence dosimetry applications.

Thermoluminescence detected in Magicicada sp. exoskeletons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fields, D.E.; Randall, R.B.; Bauman, C.E. III

1979-01-01

Thermoluminescent emission from the irradiated exoskeletons of cicada have been observed. At a heating rate of approximately 60 0 C/min. the peak light emission temperature was 183 +- 3 0 C. This effect corresponds to charge-carrier trap parameters of Esub(a) = 0.82 +- 0.04 eV and w 0 = 10sup(9.1 +- 0.5) sec -1 . Response to filtered γ radiation of 50-kV peak energy was on the order of 3.2 x 10 6 photons/R/g. Insect exoskeletons are thus potentially useful as dosimeters. (author)

Fluorescence and thermoluminescence in silicon oxide films rich in silicon; Fluorescencia y termoluminiscencia en peliculas de oxido de silicio rico en silicio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berman M, D.; Piters, T. M. [Centro de Investigacion en Fisica, Universidad de Sonora, Apdo. Postal 5-088, Hermosillo 83190, Sonora (Mexico); Aceves M, M.; Berriel V, L. R. [Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica, Apdo. Postal 51, Puebla 72000, Puebla (Mexico); Luna L, J. A. [CIDS, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Apdo. Postal 1651, Puebla 72000, Puebla (Mexico)

2009-10-15

In this work we determined the fluorescence and thermoluminescence (TL) creation spectra of silicon rich oxide films (SRO) with three different silicon excesses. To study the TL of SRO, 550 nm of SRO film were deposited by Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition technique on N-type silicon substrates with resistivity in the order of 3 to 5 {omega}-cm with silicon excess controlled by the ratio of the gases used in the process, SRO films with Ro= 10, 20 and 30 (12-6% silicon excess) were obtained. Then, they were thermally treated in N{sub 2} at high temperatures to diffuse and homogenize the silicon excess. In the fluorescence spectra two main emission regions are observed, one around 400 nm and one around 800 nm. TL creation spectra were determined by plotting the integrated TL intensity as function of the excitation wavelength. (Author)

Thermoluminescence, luminescence optically stimulated and creation of defects in alkaline halogenides contaminated with Europium; Termoluminiscencia, luminiscencia opticamente estimulada y creacion de defectos en halogenuros alcalinos contaminados con Europio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barboza F, M. [Centro de Investigacion en Fisica, Universidad de Sonora, Apartado Postal 5-088, 83190 Hermosillo, Sonora (Mexico)

1999-07-01

The alkaline halogenides have been subject matter of investigations related with the search of sensor materials for X-ray bidimensional images or optical memories. The understanding of the damage formation processes generated by ionizing and non-ionizing radiations is important for the correct design of devices that working as detectors and dosemeters of both type of radiations. In this work we present the investigation results related with the defects produced by the ionizing radiation type X and ultraviolet light in the range of 200-360 nm in crystals of KCl: Eu{sup 2+} and KBr:Eu{sup 2+}. It is examined the thermoluminescence and luminescence spectra with the purpose of identifying the exciton processes, owing to the excitation of the halogenide ions in which the primary defects correspond to the F and H centers. It has been found that the 400-600 nm emission is associated with the luminescence type that in his turn can be associated with autotrapped excitons perturbed by the impurity. On the other hand, it is examined the emission spectra of the luminescence optically stimulated in crystals of KBr: Eu{sup 2+} and KCl: Eu{sup 2+} finding too that such materials would be used as optical memories susceptible of to store information, and through of photostimulation to read this. It was determined that the F centers participate in the luminescence optically stimulated in these crystals, as well as too in the recombination processes responsible by the thermoluminescent emission. (Author)

Computerized glow curve deconvolution of thermoluminescent emission from polyminerals of Jamaica Mexican flower

Science.gov (United States)

Favalli, A.; Furetta, C.; Zaragoza, E. Cruz; Reyes, A.

The aim of this work is to study the main thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of the inorganic polyminerals extracted from dehydrated Jamaica flower or roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) belonging to Malvaceae family of Mexican origin. TL emission properties of the polymineral fraction in powder were studied using the initial rise (IR) method. The complex structure and kinetic parameters of the glow curves have been analysed accurately using the computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) assuming an exponential distribution of trapping levels. The extension of the IR method to the case of a continuous and exponential distribution of traps is reported, such as the derivation of the TL glow curve deconvolution functions for continuous trap distribution. CGCD is performed both in the case of frequency factor, s, temperature independent, and in the case with the s function of temperature.

Coherent manipulation of spontaneous emission spectra in coupled semiconductor quantum well structures.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Aixi

2014-11-03

In triple coupled semiconductor quantum well structures (SQWs) interacting with a coherent driving filed, a coherent coupling field and a weak probe field, spontaneous emission spectra are investigated. Our studies show emission spectra can easily be manipulated through changing the intensity of the driving and coupling field, detuning of the driving field. Some interesting physical phenomena such as spectral-line enhancement/suppression, spectral-line narrowing and spontaneous emission quenching may be obtained in our system. The theoretical studies of spontaneous emission spectra in SQWS have potential application in high-precision spectroscopy. Our studies are based on the real physical system [Appl. Phys. Lett.86(20), 201112 (2005)], and this scheme might be realizable with presently available techniques.

Thermoluminescence sensitivity of ulexite after UV irradiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Topaksu, M., E-mail: mats@cu.edu.tr [Cukurova University, Arts-Sciences Faculty, Physics Department, 01330 Adana (Turkey); CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid (Spain); Correcher, V. [CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid (Spain); Garcia-Guinea, J. [Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, (CSIC), C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid (Spain)

2015-04-15

Highlights: •UV-induced thermoluminescence emission of Turkish ulexite was studied. •There are three groups of components. •The UV exposures were performed at controlled temperatures. -- Abstract: The effects of UV radiation on the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of natural materials, in contrast to synthetic materials, have been scarcely studied. We report on the UV-induced thermoluminescence emission of a Turkish ulexite (NaCaB{sub 5}O{sub 6}(OH){sub 6}·5H{sub 2}O) that displays very complex TL glow curves, with at least three groups of components peaked at 130–140 °C, 240 °C and, 340 °C, wherein the last group is weaker. Such emission could be associated with structural changes in the lattice as well as alkali self-diffusion processes. The UV exposure performed at controlled temperatures (at room temperature (RT), 50 °C and 100 °C) produced a (i) different evolutions of the intensities of each maximum, which are directly related to the controlled thermal treatment; (ii) different intensity ratios among the groups of components; (iii) different activation energies (E{sub a}) (1.13 eV for RT, 0.99 eV for 50 °C and 0.49 eV for 100 °C) calculated using the initial rise method; and (iv) similar scattering values (12.4%, 8.2% and 12.8%), which were not a function of the controlled temperature. The thermal stability tests conducted on this borate at different temperatures, based on the T{sub stop} protocol, confirm the presence of a continuum in the distribution of the trap system with progressively increasing E{sub a} (from 0.60 to 0.90 eV)

Quantitative analysis of directional spontaneous emission spectra from light sources in photonic crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nikolaev, Ivan S.; Lodahl, Peter; Vos, Willem L.

2005-01-01

We have performed angle-resolved measurements of spontaneous-emission spectra from laser dyes and quantum dots in opal and inverse opal photonic crystals. Pronounced directional dependencies of the emission spectra are observed: angular ranges of strongly reduced emission adjoin with angular ranges of enhanced emission. It appears that emission from embedded light sources is affected both by the periodicity and by the structural imperfections of the crystals: the photons are Bragg diffracted by lattice planes and scattered by unavoidable structural disorder. Using a model comprising diffuse light transport and photonic band structure, we quantitatively explain the directional emission spectra. This work provides detailed understanding of the transport of spontaneously emitted light in real photonic crystals, which is essential in the interpretation of quantum optics in photonic-band-gap crystals and for applications wherein directional emission and total emission power are controlled

Deconvolution of the thermoluminescent emission curve. Second order kinetics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moreno y M, A.; Moreno B, A.

1999-01-01

In this work it is described the Randall and Wilkins second order kinetics in Microsoft Excel language, which allows its expression as the sum of Gaussian and the correction factors corresponding. These factors are obtained of the differences between the real thermoluminescent curve and the Gaussian proposed. The results obtained justify the Gaussian expression added to the correction factor. (Author)

The thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence properties of Cr-doped alpha alumina transparent ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Qiang; Yang, Qiu Hong; Zhao, Guang Gen; Lu, Shen Zhou; Zhang, Hao Jia

2013-01-01

Highlights: •Polycrystalline Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 transparent ceramics were obtained with vacuum sintering method. •The influence of different concentration of Cr 2 O 3 on the thermoluminescence and optical stimulated luminescence properties of Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 transparent ceramics was studied. •It had a main peak at 503 K of very high intensity and linear concentration dependence up to high concentration. •It showed so interesting results with high TL sensitivity and high stability of OSL signal that Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 transparent ceramics might be a promising material in TL dosimetry and replace Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 crystals. -- Abstract: Polycrystalline Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 transparent ceramics were fabricated by conventional solid-state processing under vacuum condition. The SEM microstructure photographs of Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 transparent ceramics doped with different content of Cr 2 O 3 were investigated. The absorption, emission spectra, thermoluminescence and optical stimulated luminescence of Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 transparent ceramics were comparable to those of Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 crystals. The influence of different concentration of Cr 2 O 3 on the thermoluminescence and optical stimulated luminescence properties of Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 transparent ceramics was discussed. It showed so interesting results with high TL sensitivity and high stability of OSL signal that Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 transparent ceramics might be a promising material in TL dosimetry and replace Cr:α-Al 2 O 3 crystals

Point defects and the blue emission in fired quartz at high doses: a comparative luminescence and EPR study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woda, C.; Schilles, T.; Riser, U.; Mangini, A.; Wagner, G.A.

2002-01-01

The dose response of the 375 deg/ C, 470 nm TL peak in fired quartz is studied by using thermoluminescence emission spectra and monochromatic glow curves. The blue emission displays a significant sensitivity increase for doses in excess of 1000 Gy, subsequent saturation at 16 kGy and a pre-dose effect over the entire dose range. Comparison with the growth of the known electron paramagnetic resonance centres and radioluminescence emission spectra indicates that the [AlO 4 ] centre is the recombination site for the blue emission, whereas the electron trap remains unknown. The sensitivity change seems to be linked to the dose-induced reduction of the [GeO 4 /Li] centre. Possible mechanisms for the observed dose response are discussed. (author)

Thermoluminescence dosimetric characteristics of thulium doped ZnB2O4 phosphor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Annalakshmi, O.; Jose, M.T.; Madhusoodanan, U.; Subramanian, J.; Venkatraman, B.; Amarendra, G.; Mandal, A.B.

2014-01-01

Polycrystalline powder samples of rare earth doped Zinc borates were synthesized by high temperature solid state diffusion technique. Dosimetric characteristics of the phosphor like thermoluminescence glow curve, TL emission spectra, dose–response, fading studies, reproducibility and reusability studies were carried out on the synthesized phosphors. Among the different rare earth doped phosphors, thulium doped zinc borate was found to have a higher sensitivity. Hence detailed dosimetric characteristics of this phosphor were carried out. It is observed that the dose–response is linear from 10 mGy to 10 3 Gy in this phosphor. EPR measurements were carried out on unirradiated, gamma irradiated and annealed phosphors to identify the defect centers responsible for thermoluminescence. A TL model is proposed based on the EPR studies in these materials. Kinetic parameters were evaluated for the dosimetric peaks using various methods. The experimental results show that this phosphor can have potential applications in radiation dosimetry applications. -- Highlights: • Polycrystalline powder samples of rare earth doped zinc borates were synthesized. • Thulium was observed to be the most efficient dopant in ZnB 2 O 4 lattice. • TL intensity of the dosimetric peak is around 20 times that of TLD-100. • Based on EPR studies a TL mechanism is proposed in zinc borate. • Deconvolution of the glow curve carried out

Thermoluminescence studies of γ-irradiated Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Ce{sup 3+} phosphor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reddy, S. Satyanarayana [Physics R & D Center, PES Institute of Technology, BSK 3rd Stage, Bangalore 560085 (India); Nagabhushana, K.R., E-mail: bhushankr@gmail.com [Physics R & D Center, PES Institute of Technology, BSK 3rd Stage, Bangalore 560085 (India); Department of Physics, PES University, BSK 3rd Stage, Bangalore 560085 (India); Singh, Fouran [Inter University Accelerator Centre, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067 (India)

2016-07-15

Pure and Ce{sup 3+} doped Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} phosphors were synthesized by solution combustion method. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and its shows α-phase of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}. Crystallite size was estimated by Williamson–Hall (W–H) method and found to be 49, 59 and 84 nm for pure, 0.1 mol% and 1 mol% Ce{sup 3+} doped Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} respectively. Trace elemental analysis of undoped Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} shows impurities viz. Fe, Cr, Mn, Mg, Ti, etc. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Ce{sup 3+} shows emission at 367 nm and excitation peak at 273 nm, which are corresponding to {sup 5}D → {sup 4}F and {sup 4}F → {sup 5}D transitions respectively. PL intensity decreases with concentration up to 0.4 mol%, beyond this mol% PL intensity increases with doping concentration up to 2 mol%. Thermoluminescence (TL) studies of γ-rayed pure and Ce{sup 3+} doped Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} have been studied. Two well resolved TL glow peaks at 457.5 K and 622 K were observed in pure Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}. Additional glow peak at 566 K was observed in Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Ce{sup 3+}. Maximum TL intensity was observed for Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Ce{sup 3+} (0.1 mol%) beyond this TL intensity decreases with increasing Ce{sup 3+} concentration. Computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) method was used to resolve the multiple peaks and to calculate TL kinetic parameters. Thermoluminescence emission (TLE) spectra of pure Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} glow peaks (457.5 K and 622 K) shows sharp emission at 694 nm and two small humps at 672 nm and 709 nm. The sharp peak at 696 nm corresponds to Cr{sup 3+} impurity of {sup 2}E{sub g} → {sup 4}A{sub 2g} transition of R lines and 713 nm hump is undoubtedly belongs to Cr{sup 3+} emission of near neighbor pairs. The emission at 672 nm is characteristic of Mn{sup 4+} impurity ions of {sup 2}E → {sup 4}A{sub 2} transition. TLE of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Ce{sup 3+} (0.1 mol%) shows additional broad emission at 412 nm

Theory of X-ray absorption and emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mukoyama, Takeshi

2004-01-01

Theoretical studies on X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy are discussed. Simple expressions for X-ray emission rate and X-ray absorption cross section are presented in the dipole approximation. Various atomic models to obtain realistic wave functions and theoretical calculations for X-ray absorption cross sections and X-ray emission rates are described. In the case of molecules and solids, molecular orbital methods for electronic structures and molecular wave functions are discussed. The emphasis is on the procedures to obtain the excited-state and continuum wave functions for molecules and to calculate the multi-center dipole matrix elements. The examples of the calculated X-ray absorption and emission spectra are shown and compared with the experimental results

Gamma-ray emission spectra from spheres with 14 MeV neutron source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamamoto, Junji; Kanaoka, Takeshi; Murata, Isao; Takahashi, Akito; Sumita, Kenji

1989-01-01

Energy spectra of neutron-induced gamma-rays emitted from spherical samples were measured using a 14 MeV neutron source. The samples in use were LiF, Teflon:(CF 2 ) n , Si, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Nb, Mo, W and Pb. A diameter of the sphere was either 40 or 60 cm. The gamma-ray energy in the emission spectra covered the range from 500 keV to 10 MeV. Measured spectra were compared with transport calculations using the nuclear data files of JENDL-3T and ENDF/B-IV. The agreements between the measurements and the JENDL-3T calculations were good in the emission spectra for the low energy gamma-rays from inelastic scattering. (author)

Thermoluminescent response of aluminium oxide thin films subject to gamma irradiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arrieta, A.; Escobar A, L.; Camps, E.; Villagran, E.; Gonzalez, P.R

2006-07-01

The thermoluminescent (TL) properties of amorphous aluminium oxide thin films (thicknesses as low as 0.3 {mu}m) subjected to gamma (Co-60) irradiation are reported. Aluminium oxide thin films were prepared by laser ablation from an Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} target using a Nd: YAG laser with emission at the fundamental line. The films were exposed to gamma radiation (Co-60) in order to study their TL response. Thermoluminescence glow curves exhibited two peaks at 110 and 176 C. The high temperature peak shows good stability and 30% fading in the first 5 days after irradiation. A linear relationship between absorbed dose and the thermoluminescent response for doses span from 150 mGy to 100 Gy was observed. These results suggest that aluminium oxide thin films are suitable for detection and monitoring of gamma radiation. (Author)

Synthesis of CaF2: dy for thermoluminescent dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamato, M.E.P.; Vasconcelos, D.A.A. de; Asfora, V.K.; Khoury, H.J.; Santos, R.A.; Barros, V.S.M.

2015-01-01

Calcium Fluoride doped with dysprosium is a known thermoluminescent material for applications that require highly sensitive dosimeters. Research in novel methods such as Combustion Synthesis (CS) has been ongoing for several years at the University of Pernambuco. The method uses the heat of the oxi-redox reaction a between nitrate and a fuel. This work presents results of CaF 2 :Dy produced by combustion synthesis under different fabrication conditions. Samples were prepared by mixing stoichiometric amounts of calcium nitrate, urea and ammonium nitrate in a beaker under vigorous stirring. The resulting gel was transferred to a pre-heated muffle furnace were the combustion reaction occurred after a few minutes. For comparison, a variation of the production method with the same amounts of nitrate, ammonium fluoride and dopant, but without using the fuel was prepared. For both methods the resulting powder was pelleted and irradiated with Co-60 gamma radiation. The reproducibility and sensitivity for gamma dose irradiation was tested and results showed that optimum TL sample reproducibility was without the urea as fuel. Samples were then prepared with 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mol% Dy concentration. The highest TL sensitivity was found for samples with 0.15 mol% Dy and sintered at 400 deg C for 3.5 h in air. The TL emission spectra, obtained using a Hammamatsu optical spectrometer, was comparable with commercial CaF 2 :Dy. Thermoluminescence was measured in a Harshaw-Bicron 3500 TL Reader. The glow curve showed stable dosimetric peaks at around 200, 235 and 300 deg C were a linear dose response curve was obtained for the range 100 mGy to 1000 mGy. (author)

A method to enhance the resolution of broadened spectra

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cabral P, A.; Jimenez D, H.; Torres V, M.; Azorin N, J.; Gutierrez C, A.; Gonzalez M, P.R.; Lopez E, J. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Fuentes Z, G.A.; Cordoba, A. [UAM-I, 09340 Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

1992-02-15

A deconvolution method to analyze line overlapping broadened spectra is presented. Two approximation expressions from which the user can remove, either a Lorentzian or a Gaussian line from observed spectra are utilized. Moessbauer spectra, EPR and Thermoluminescence spectroscopies are analyzed. It is shown that in each case, the de convolved spectrum may provide valuable data to get a much closer characterization of a substance. (Author)

A method to enhance the resolution of broadened spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cabral P, A.; Jimenez D, H.; Torres V, M.; Azorin N, J.; Gutierrez C, A.; Gonzalez M, P.R.; Lopez E, J.; Fuentes Z, G.A.; Cordoba, A.

1992-02-01

A deconvolution method to analyze line overlapping broadened spectra is presented. Two approximation expressions from which the user can remove, either a Lorentzian or a Gaussian line from observed spectra are utilized. Moessbauer spectra, EPR and Thermoluminescence spectroscopies are analyzed. It is shown that in each case, the de convolved spectrum may provide valuable data to get a much closer characterization of a substance. (Author)

Models and methods in thermoluminescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Furetta, C.

2005-01-01

This work contains a conference that was treated about the principles of the luminescence phenomena, the mathematical treatment concerning the thermoluminescent emission of light as well as the Randall-Wilkins model, the Garlick-Gibson model, the Adirovitch model, the May-Partridge model, the Braunlich-Scharman model, the mixed first and second order kinetics, the methods for evaluating the kinetics parameters such as the initial rise method, the various heating rates method, the isothermal decay method and those methods based on the analysis of the glow curve shape. (Author)

Models and methods in thermoluminescence

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Furetta, C. [ICN, UNAM, A.P. 70-543, Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2005-07-01

This work contains a conference that was treated about the principles of the luminescence phenomena, the mathematical treatment concerning the thermoluminescent emission of light as well as the Randall-Wilkins model, the Garlick-Gibson model, the Adirovitch model, the May-Partridge model, the Braunlich-Scharman model, the mixed first and second order kinetics, the methods for evaluating the kinetics parameters such as the initial rise method, the various heating rates method, the isothermal decay method and those methods based on the analysis of the glow curve shape. (Author)

Thermoluminescence dosimetric characteristics of thulium doped ZnB{sub 2}O{sub 4} phosphor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Annalakshmi, O. [Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102 (India); Jose, M.T., E-mail: mtj@igcar.gov.in [Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102 (India); Madhusoodanan, U. [Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102 (India); Subramanian, J. [Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chennai (India); Venkatraman, B. [Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102 (India); Amarendra, G. [Materials Physics Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102 (India); Mandal, A.B. [Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chennai (India)

2014-02-15

Polycrystalline powder samples of rare earth doped Zinc borates were synthesized by high temperature solid state diffusion technique. Dosimetric characteristics of the phosphor like thermoluminescence glow curve, TL emission spectra, dose–response, fading studies, reproducibility and reusability studies were carried out on the synthesized phosphors. Among the different rare earth doped phosphors, thulium doped zinc borate was found to have a higher sensitivity. Hence detailed dosimetric characteristics of this phosphor were carried out. It is observed that the dose–response is linear from 10 mGy to 10{sup 3} Gy in this phosphor. EPR measurements were carried out on unirradiated, gamma irradiated and annealed phosphors to identify the defect centers responsible for thermoluminescence. A TL model is proposed based on the EPR studies in these materials. Kinetic parameters were evaluated for the dosimetric peaks using various methods. The experimental results show that this phosphor can have potential applications in radiation dosimetry applications. -- Highlights: • Polycrystalline powder samples of rare earth doped zinc borates were synthesized. • Thulium was observed to be the most efficient dopant in ZnB{sub 2}O{sub 4} lattice. • TL intensity of the dosimetric peak is around 20 times that of TLD-100. • Based on EPR studies a TL mechanism is proposed in zinc borate. • Deconvolution of the glow curve carried out.

VIRTIS on Venus Express thermal emission spectra near 1μm

Science.gov (United States)

Mueller, Nils; Tsang, Constantine; Helbert, Joern; Smrekar, Suzanne; Piccioni, Giuseppe; Drossart, Pierre

2016-10-01

Thermal emission from the surface of Venus is observable through narrow spectral windows close to 1μm. Surface temperature is strongly constrained by surface elevation, due to the thick and dense atmosphere. The data from Visible and InfraRed Thermal Imaging Spectrometer VIRTIS on Venus Express together with altimetry constrain surface emissivity. In VIRTIS observations at 1.02μm, strongly deformed highland plateaus (tesserae) appear to have a lower emissivity consistent with continental crust, an interpretation that implies existence of an early ocean. Comparison between the Magellan stereo digital elevation model (DEM) and altimetry shows that the altimetry height error in rough tesserae greatly exceeds the formal error. In the one tesserae outlier covered by altimetry, DEM, and VIRTIS, the height error could account for the observed emissivity variation. The radiances observed at 1.10 and 1.18μm have a different response to topography, mostly due to spectrally varying absorption in the overlying atmospheric column. Thus if the tesserae have the same emissivity as volcanic plains, its spectrum should be the same as that of plains of the correct surface elevation. In order to investigate this statistically, we create a database of all long exposure duration VIRTIS spectra in the range of 1 - 1.4μm. The spectra are corrected for the ubiquitous straylight from the dayside, based on analysis of spectra showing deep space. Because the 1.10 and 1.18μm peaks are narrow compared to the variation of instrument spectral registration, we fit each spectrum with a synthetic spectrum from an atmospheric radiative transfer model, using wavelength offset and bandwidths as parameters in addition to atmospheric variables. This dataset of ~28 million thermal emission spectra spans a wide range of southern latitudes and night local times, and thus may be useful for studies beyond the question of surface emissivity. A portion of this research was conducted at the Jet Propulsion

An experimental investigation on the properties of laser-induced plasma emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang Xiaoshuan; Li Chunyan; Ji Xuehan; Feng Eryin; Cui Zhifeng

2004-01-01

The authors have measured the time-resolved emission spectra produced by Nd: YAG laser induced Al plasma with different kinds of buffer gas (He, Ar, N 2 and Air). The dependence of emission spectra line intensity and Stark broadening on the time delay, kinds and pressure of buffer gas are studied. The results show that the atomic emission line intensity reaches maximum at 3 μs time delay, the Stark broadening increases with increasing the pressure of buffer gas, and decreases with increasing time delay. The Stark broadening in Ar buffer gas is largest among the four different kinds of buffer gas. (author)

Energy spectra of neutrons accompanying the emission fission of 238U

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smirenkin, G.N.; Lovchikova, G.N.; Trufanov, A.M.; Svirin, M.I.; Polyakov, A.V.; Vinogradov, V.A.; Dmitriev, V.D.; Boykov, G.S.

1996-01-01

The spectra of fission neutrons emitted from 238U are measured for the first time by the time-of-flight method at incident-neutron energies of 16.0 and 17.7 MeV. Analysis of the neutron spectra shows that experimental results at incident-neutron energies of 14.7, 16.0, and 17.7 MeV (above the threshold of chance fission) differ significantly from those obtained at a neutron energy of 2.9 MeV (below the threshold of chance fission). Owing to the prefission emission of neutrons, the observed spectra of neutrons from emission fission exhibit a characteristic growth of the neutron yield in both hard and soft sections of the spectrum of secondary neutrons. This growth manifests itself as a step in the first case and as a rise in the second case, where it results in a noticeable excess of neutrons over the statistical-model predictions for E<2 MeV. The first feature in the spectra of neutrons from emission fission can be associated with the nonequilibrium decay of an excited fissile nucleus. On the contrary, the origin of the second feature has yet to be clarified. Additional measurements of angular distributions of secondary neutrons may prove helpful in this respect

THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Malsky, Stanley J.; Amato, Charles G.; Roswit, Bernard

1963-06-15

The performance of CaF/sub 2/: Mn and LiF as thermoluminescent in vivo dosimeters is studied. The facility with which this type of dosimeter can be inserted into the body is discussed. The dosimeter is inserted into the body by trocar or catheter techniques and exposed to radiation; it is then removed and heated, and the thermoluminescence is measured and used as an indication of the absorbed dose. (T.F.H.)

Thermoluminescent dosimetry: theory, materials and applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosa, L.A.R.da.

1978-01-01

A survey about the thermoluminescence theory, the properties of the main thermoluminescent phosphors and their applications is presented. Some of the most important thermoluminescent readers are also mentioned [pt

Emission spectra of alkali-metal (K,Na,Li)-He exciplexes in cold helium gas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Enomoto, K.; Hirano, K.; Kumakura, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Yabuzaki, T.

2004-01-01

We have observed emission spectra of excimers and exciplexes composed of a light alkali-metal atom in the first excited state and 4 He atoms [K*He n (n=1-6), Na * He n (n=1-4), and Li * He n (n=1,2)] in cryogenic He gas (the temperature 2 K -1 . Differently from exciplexes with heavier alkali-metal atoms, the spectra for the different number of He atoms were well separated, so that their assignment could be made experimentally. Comparing with the spectra of K * He n , we found that the infrared emission spectrum of the K atom excited in liquid He was from K*He 6 . To confirm the assignment, we have also carried out ab initio calculation of adiabatic potential curves and peak positions of the emission spectra of the exciplexes

Thermoluminescence albedo-neutron dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Strand, T.; Storruste, A.

1986-10-01

The report discusses neutron detection with respect to dosimetry and compares different thermoluminescent dosimetry materials for neutron dosimetry. Construction and calibration of a thermoluminescence albedo neutron dosemeter, developed by the authors, is described

Study of atomic and molecular emission spectra of Sr by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS).

Science.gov (United States)

Bhatt, Chet R; Alfarraj, Bader; Ayyalasomayajula, Krishna K; Ghany, Charles; Yueh, Fang Y; Singh, Jagdish P

2015-12-01

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is an ideal analytical technique for in situ analysis of elemental composition. We have performed a comparative study of the quantitative and qualitative analysis of atomic and molecular emission from LIBS spectra. In our experiments, a mixture of SrCl2 and Al2O3 in powder form was used as a sample. The atomic emission from Sr and molecular emission from SrCl and SrO observed in LIBS spectra were analyzed. The optimum laser energies, gate delays, and gate widths for selected atomic lines and molecular bands were determined from spectra recorded at various experimental parameters. These optimum experimental conditions were used to collect calibration data, and the calibration curves were used to predict the Sr concentration. Limits of detection (LODs) for selected atomic and molecular emission spectra were determined.

Thermoluminescence dating method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zink, A.

2004-01-01

A crystal that is submitted to radiation stores energy and releases this energy under the form of light whenever it is heated. These 2 properties: the ability to store energy and the ability to reset the energy stored are the pillars on which time dating methods like thermoluminescence are based. A typical accuracy of the thermoluminescence method is between 5 to 7% but an accuracy of 3% can be reached with a sufficient number of measurement. This article describes the application of thermoluminescence to the dating of a series of old terra-cotta statues. This time measurement is absolute and does not require any calibration, it represents the time elapsed since the last heating of the artifact. (A.C.)

Thermoluminescent properties of nanocrystalline ZnTe thin films: Structural and morphological studies

Science.gov (United States)

Rajpal, Shashikant; Kumar, S. R.

2018-04-01

Zinc Telluride (ZnTe) is a binary II-VI direct band gap semiconducting material with cubic structure and having potential applications in different opto-electronic devices. Here we investigated the effects of annealing on the thermoluminescence (TL) of ZnTe thin films. A nanocrystalline ZnTe thin film was successfully electrodeposited on nickel substrate and the effect of annealing on structural, morphological, and optical properties were studied. The TL emission spectrum of as deposited sample is weakly emissive in UV region at ∼328 nm. The variation in the annealing temperature results into sharp increase in emission intensity at ∼328 nm along with appearance of a new peak at ∼437 nm in visible region. Thus, the deposited nanocrystalline ZnTe thin films exhibited excellent thermoluminescent properties upon annealing. Furthermore, the influence of annealing (annealed at 400 °C) on the solid state of ZnTe were also studied by XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM. It is observed that ZnTe thin film annealed at 400 °C after deposition provide a smooth and flat texture suited for optoelectronic applications.

Spontaneous emission spectra from a staggered-array undulator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shimada, Shigeki; Okada, Kouji; Masuda, Kai; Sobajima, Masaaki; Yoshikawa, Kiyoshi; Ohnishi, Masami; Yamamoto, Yasushi; Toku, Hisayuki

1997-01-01

A staggered-array undulator set inside the superconducting solenoid coils is shown to be able to provide high undulator fields larger than the longitudinal magnetic fields, a small undulator period, easy tunability through the solenoid coil current, and compact and easy fabrication. The overall performance characteristics of this undulator were studied mainly with respect to iron and aluminum disk widths, and spontaneous emission spectra through the numerical calculations. The maximum undulator field is found to be obtained for the ratio of the aluminum disk width to the undulator period of 0.45. The line widths (FWHM) of the spontaneous emission spectra, however, do not show N w -1 dependence on the number of the undulator period N w for practical beams with a Gaussian distribution, compared with for a single electron. The energy spread among various parameters is seen to play an important role in reducing the FWHM with increase of N w . The large tunability of the wavelength is proved to cover 6-10 mm by changing the solenoid magnetic field from 0.4 T to 1.6 T. (author)

Thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence properties of Dy3+-doped CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-based glasses

Science.gov (United States)

Yahaba, T.; Fujimoto, Y.; Yanagida, T.; Koshimizu, M.; Tanaka, H.; Saeki, K.; Asai, K.

2017-02-01

We developed Dy3+-doped CaO-Al2O3-B2O3 based glasses with Dy concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mol% using a melt-quenching technique. The as-synthesized glasses were applicable as materials exhibiting thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). The optical and radiation response properties of the glasses were characterized. In the photoluminescence (PL) spectra, two emission bands due to the 4F9/2 → 6H15/2 and 4F9/2 → 6H13/2 transitions of Dy3+ were observed at 480 and 580 nm. In the OSL spectra, the emission band due to the 4F9/2 → 6H15/2 transition of Dy3+ was observed. Excellent TL and OSL responses were observed for dose ranges of 0.1-90 Gy. In addition, TL fading behavior was better than that of OSL in term of the long-time storage. These results indicate that the Dy3+-doped CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-based glasses are applicable as TL materials.

Unraveling thermoluminescence

CERN Document Server

Sunta, C M

2014-01-01

The book is essentially about the theoretical aspects of thermoluminescence (TL). It is structured and written in a manner which will specially be of interest to the fresh undergraduate students and young researchers planning to take up work in the field of thermoluminescence. It is arranged into seven chapters, starting with the historical growth of the subject of TL and an overview of the luminescence phenomena. A Physical model involving thermally disconnected deep traps is specially described. Using this model expressions are derived for the TL intensity growth curve, the supralinearity fa

Thermoluminescence of LaAlO3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morales H, A.; Zarate M, J.; Rivera M, T.; Azorin N, J.

2015-10-01

In this paper the thermoluminescent properties of doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO 3 ) with dysprosium ion (Dy) were studied. The thermoluminescence characteristics in the samples were obtained using an ultraviolet radiation of 220 nm. The LaAlO 3 :Dy samples were prepared by the modified Pechini method (Spray Dryer). The structural and morphological characterization was obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (Sem) techniques respectively. The size particle composing the agglomerate was determined by Sem, agglomerated particles composed size of 2μm were observed. The thermoluminescence response of LaAlO 3 :Dy was compared with that obtained with the undoped sample. Thermoluminescence brightness curves of LaAlO 3 :Dy showed a peak centered at 185 grades C. Sensitivity of doped sample was greater, about 100 times compared with the undoped sample. Thermoluminescence response in function of the wavelength showed a maximum at 220 nm. Also the fading in thermoluminescence response was studied. (Author)

Mexican gems as thermoluminescent dosimeters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azorin N, J.

1979-01-01

The possibility of using naturally ocurring mexican gems as thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) was investigated. Twelve types of gems were irradiated with X and gamma rays in order to determinate their dosimetric properties. Three of these gems showed favorable thermoluminescent characteristics compared with commercial thermoluminescent dosimeters. The plots of their thermoluminescent response as a function of gamma dose are straight lines on full log paper in the dose range 10 -2 to 10 2 Gy. The energy dependence is very strong to low energies of the radiation. Their fading was found to be about 5%/yr. and they may be annealed as reused without loss in sensitivity. Therefore, these gems can be used as X and gamma radiation dosimeters. (author)

Emission spectra of Rb*Hen exciplexes in a cold 4He gas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hirano, K.; Enomoto, K.; Kumakura, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Yabuzaki, T.

2003-01-01

We report on the systematic observation of emission spectra of Rb * He n exciplexes (n=1,2,...,6), realized by exciting Rb atoms to the 5 2 P states (Rb * ) in a cold 4 He gas. The observed broad spectral components are assigned to Rb * He n (n=1-6) using theoretical spectra obtained from ab initio potential curves. The dynamics of the exciplex formation is discussed, based on the observed temperature dependence of the spectra. The He gas density dependence of the spectra of Rb * He is understood as a change in the population distribution over the vibrational levels. The present results are compared with our previous work with Cs [K. Enomoto et al., Phys. Rev. A 66, 042505 (2002)], and differences are explained in terms of the difference in the fine-structure splitting. Furthermore, we show the emission spectrum observed after the excitation of Rb in liquid He and conclude that it is the fluorescence from the exciplex Rb * He 6

Evaluation of glasses containing cadmium for high dose dosimetry by the thermoluminescence technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carvalho, Gabriel Soares Marchiori de; Ferreira, Pamela Zati; Cunha, Diego Merigue da; Dantas, Noelio Oliveira; Silva, Anielle C.A.; Perini, Ana Paula; Neves, Lucio Pereira; Carrera, Betzabel Noemi Silva; Watanabe, Shigueo

2016-01-01

New glass matrices were evaluated for high dose dosimetry by the thermoluminescence technique. Their nominal composition are 20Li_2CO_3.10Al_2O_3.15CdO.55B_2O_3 and 20Li_2CO_3.10Al_2O_3.20CdO.50B_2O_3 (mol%). The glass matrices were irradiated with different doses: 50, 100, 200, 500, 700 and 900 Gy, and the thermoluminescence emission curves were obtained for each of these values. The results show a great potential of using these matrices in high dose dosimetry. (author)

Influence of alumina on photoluminescence and thermoluminescence characteristics of Gd{sup 3+} doped barium borophosphate glasses

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kalpana, T. [Department of Physics, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar 522 510, A.P. (India); Gandhi, Y. [Department of Physics, Kakani Venkata Ratnam College, Nandigama 521 185, A.P. (India); Sanyal, Bhaskar [Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085 (India); Sudarsan, V. [Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Chemistry Division, Mumbai 400 085 (India); Bragiel, P.; Piasecki, M. [Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Ul. Armii Krajowej 13/15, Czestochowa 42-201 (Poland); Kumar, V. Ravi [Department of Physics, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar 522 510, A.P. (India); Veeraiah, N., E-mail: nvr8@rediffmail.com [Department of Physics, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar 522 510, A.P. (India)

2016-11-15

Gd{sup 3+} doped barium borophosphate glasses mixed with varying concentration of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} are synthesized. Photoluminescence, thermoluminescence and other spectroscopic studies viz., IR and EPR spectral studies, have been carried out. IR spectral studies of these glasses indicated that there is a gradual increase in the degree of depolymerization of the glass network with increase in the concentration of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} upto 3.0 mol%. The EPR spectral studies revealed the lowest concentration of Gd{sup 3+} ion clusters in the glass mixed with 3.0 mol% of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}. The photoluminescence emission spectra exhibited strong ultraviolet blue emission at 311 under excitation at 273 nm due to {sup 6}P{sub 7/2}→{sup 8}S{sub 7/2} transition of Gd{sup 3+} ions. The intensity of this band is found to be enhanced four times when the glass mixed with 3.0 mol% of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} with respect to that of alumina free glass. The enrichment of this emission is attributed to the declustering of Gd{sup 3+} ions by Al{sup 3+} ions. Thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of these glasses have also been investigated after irradiating them with different doses of γ-rays (in the range 0–8.0 kGy). The TL emission exhibited a dosimetric peak at about 200 °C. The TL output under this glow peak is observed to increase with increase of γ-ray dose. For any fixed γ-ray dose, the TL output is increased with increasing Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} content up to 3.0 mol% and beyond this concentration quenching of TL is observed. The mechanisms responsible for TL emission and the variation in TL output with the concentration of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} are quantitatively discussed in terms of electron and hole centers developed due to interaction of γ-rays with the glass network. The dose response of these glass samples exhibited linear behavior in the dose range 0–8.0 kGy.

Qualitative analysis of the rare earth element by simulation of inductively coupled plasma emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hashimoto, M.S.; Tobishima, Taeko; Kamitake, Seigo; Yasuda, Kazuo.

1985-01-01

The emission lines for qualitative analysis of rare earth elements by a simulation technique of ICP spectra were proposed. The spectra were simulated by employing a Gaussian (or a Lorentzian at high concentrations) profile. The simulated spectra corresponded quite well with the observed ones. The emission lines were selected so that the interference was as small as possible. The present qualitative analysis is based on a pattern recognition method where observed intensity ratios of the emission lines in each element are compared with those of a single analyte element. The qualitative analysis was performed for twelve standard solutions containing a single rare earth element and for eight standard solutions containing an element other than rare earth elements. The selection of the emission lines and the algorithm of the present qualitative analysis were justified. (author)

Mechanoluminescence, photoluminescence and thermoluminescence studies of SrZrO3:Ce phosphor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Neha Tiwari

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The present paper reports the synthesis and characterization, photoluminescence thermoluminescence and mechanoluminescence studies of Ce3+ doped SrZrO3 phosphors. The effects of variable concentration of Cerium on meachanoluminescence (ML and photoluminescence behavior were studied. The samples were prepared by combustion a synthesis technique which is suitable for less time taking techniques also for large scale production for phosphors. The starting material used for sample preparation are Sr(NO33, Zr(NO33 XH2O and Ce(NO33 6H2O and urea used as a fuel. The prepared sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD with variable concentration of Ce (0.05–0.5 mol%. There is no any phase change found with increase the concentration of Ce. Sample shows orthorhombic structure and the particle size calculated by Scherer's formula. The surface morphology of prepared phosphor was determined by field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM technique. Mechanoluminescence studies on SrZrO3phosphors doped with Ce and underwent an impulsive deformation with an impact of a piston for Mechanoluminescence (ML investigations. Temporal characteristics in order to investigate about the luminescence centre responsible for ML peak, increasing impact velocity causes more number of electrons will be ionized to reach to the conduction band so there will be more number of electrons available to be recombined at recombination or luminescence centre. In photoluminescence study PL emission spectra show the isolated peak position observed at 388 nm near UV region of spectrum due to 5d–4f transition of Ce3+ion.Thermoluminescence study shows doping of Ce3+ ions reduced the TL intensity TL glow curve shows the high fading and less stability when it doped with cerium. The activation energy high for the doped SrZrO3 phosphor means that the trapped electron is highly trapped in trap level. The present study gives the advance application for fracture

Thermoluminescence dating of pottery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Higashimura, Takenobu; Ichikawa, Yoneta.

1978-01-01

This report is divided into two parts. The first half describes on the history of thermoluminescence dating, and the latter half, the principle and measurement examples. It was in late 1955 that the measurement of radiation dose using thermoluminescence began. The method to thermoluminescence dating was developed when it was found that most natural stones emit the thermoluminescence. About Greek earthen wares, the study of which was presented in 1961 by G. Kennedy of University of California, the dating was able to be made within the standard deviation of 10%. Since then, this dating method progressed rapidly, and a number of laboratories are now forwarding the investigation. In the samples of natural materials, intensity of thermoluminescence I is proportional to natural radiation dose D which has been absorbed by the samples, i.e. I = kD, where k is the susceptibility of thermoluminescence of the samples. Since k is different in each sample, D can be determined by irradiating the sample with β or γ ray of known dose D 0 , measuring its luminescence I 0 , and eliminating k through these two equations, because i 0 = kD 0 . Next, if t is assumed to be the time passed since a pottery was made, D is expressed as Rt, where R is the natural radiation dose per year absorbed by the pottery. Thus t is determined if R is known. The report describes on the method of measuring R. As an example, the results of measurement of the potteries excavated at Iwakura remains, Yorikura, Taishaku-kyo, are listed. Results by 14 C dating are also described for reference. (Wakatsuki, Y.)

Method for detecting radiation dose utilizing thermoluminescent material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miller, S.D.; McDonald, J.C.; Eichner, F.N.; Durham, J.S.

1992-01-01

The amount of ionizing radiation to which a thermoluminescent material has been exposed is determined by first cooling the thermoluminescent material and then optically stimulating the thermoluminescent material by exposure to light. Visible light emitted by the thermoluminescent material as it is allowed to warm up to room temperature is detected and counted. The thermoluminescent material may be annealed by exposure to ultraviolet light. 5 figs

Synthesis of CaF{sub 2}: dy for thermoluminescent dosimetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamato, M.E.P.; Vasconcelos, D.A.A. de; Asfora, V.K.; Khoury, H.J.; Santos, R.A.; Barros, V.S.M., E-mail: mepyamato@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Departamento de Energia Nuclear

2015-07-01

Calcium Fluoride doped with dysprosium is a known thermoluminescent material for applications that require highly sensitive dosimeters. Research in novel methods such as Combustion Synthesis (CS) has been ongoing for several years at the University of Pernambuco. The method uses the heat of the oxi-redox reaction a between nitrate and a fuel. This work presents results of CaF{sub 2}:Dy produced by combustion synthesis under different fabrication conditions. Samples were prepared by mixing stoichiometric amounts of calcium nitrate, urea and ammonium nitrate in a beaker under vigorous stirring. The resulting gel was transferred to a pre-heated muffle furnace were the combustion reaction occurred after a few minutes. For comparison, a variation of the production method with the same amounts of nitrate, ammonium fluoride and dopant, but without using the fuel was prepared. For both methods the resulting powder was pelleted and irradiated with Co-60 gamma radiation. The reproducibility and sensitivity for gamma dose irradiation was tested and results showed that optimum TL sample reproducibility was without the urea as fuel. Samples were then prepared with 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mol% Dy concentration. The highest TL sensitivity was found for samples with 0.15 mol% Dy and sintered at 400 deg C for 3.5 h in air. The TL emission spectra, obtained using a Hammamatsu optical spectrometer, was comparable with commercial CaF{sub 2}:Dy. Thermoluminescence was measured in a Harshaw-Bicron 3500 TL Reader. The glow curve showed stable dosimetric peaks at around 200, 235 and 300 deg C were a linear dose response curve was obtained for the range 100 mGy to 1000 mGy. (author)

Thermoluminescence of Stoichiometric Magnesium-Aluminium Spinel Defects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kobyakov, V.A.; Gritsina, V.T.; Kazarinov, Yu.G.; Volokitin, V.N.

2005-01-01

The investigations of thermoluminescence of spinel single crystals MgAl 2 O 4 after UV- and X-ray irradiation was provided by using method of self consisting heating. It was shown, that observed maxima at temperatures of ∼360 and ∼530 K in UV- and green ranges of spectra, respectively, are complex and consist of several strongly overlapping partial maxima. By using method of self consisting heating we have revealed the approximate position of partial maxima, which are included in maxima of ∼360 and ∼530 K, and for some partial maxima there was obtained the order of kinetics, activation energies, and frequency factors

Exoemission and thermoluminescence from human enamel and shark enameloid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davies, J.E.

1983-01-01

Simultaneous measurements of exoelectron emission and thermoluminescence from powdered biological apatites, which have not been chemically or thermally pretreated, are reported. Recycling, that is, consecutive irradiation and non-isothermal scanning, is shown to change both the form of the glow curves and emissivity of samples. Two biological apatites of the hydroxyapatite type (human enamel) and fluorapatite type (shark enameloid) are compared. Although their initial glow curves are different, recycling renders the glow curves similar suggesting that the defects involved are a product of the host lattice. The relevance of exoemission as a ''fingerprinting'' technique for biologically reactive material is discussed. (author)

Evaluation of glasses containing cadmium for high dose dosimetry by the thermoluminescence technique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carvalho, Gabriel Soares Marchiori de; Ferreira, Pamela Zati; Cunha, Diego Merigue da; Dantas, Noelio Oliveira; Silva, Anielle C.A.; Perini, Ana Paula; Neves, Lucio Pereira, E-mail: lucio.neves@ufu.br [Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (INFIS/UFU), MG (Brazil). Instituto de Fisica; Caldas, Linda V.E. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Carrera, Betzabel Noemi Silva; Watanabe, Shigueo [Universidade de Sao Paulo (IF/USP), SP (Brazil). Instituto de Fisica

2016-07-01

New glass matrices were evaluated for high dose dosimetry by the thermoluminescence technique. Their nominal composition are 20Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3}.10Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}.15CdO.55B{sub 2}O{sub 3} and 20Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3}.10Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}.20CdO.50B{sub 2}O{sub 3} (mol%). The glass matrices were irradiated with different doses: 50, 100, 200, 500, 700 and 900 Gy, and the thermoluminescence emission curves were obtained for each of these values. The results show a great potential of using these matrices in high dose dosimetry. (author)

Assisted Interpretation of Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectra of Egg-Based Binding Media Using Total Emission Fluorescence Spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anglos, D.; Nevin, A.

2006-01-01

Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy can provide nondestructive, qualitative analysis of protein-based binding media found in artworks. Fluorescence emissions from proteins in egg yolk and egg white are due to auto fluorescent aromatic amino acids as well as other native and age-related fluorophores, but the potential of fluorescence spectroscopy for the differentiation between binding media is dependent on the choice of a suitable excitation wavelength and limited by problems in interpretation. However, a better understanding of emission spectra associated with LIF can be achieved following comparisons with total emission fluorescence spectra where a series of consecutive emission spectra are recorded over a specific range. Results using nanosecond UV laser sources for LIF of egg-based binding media are presented which are rationalised following comparisons with total emission spectra. Specifically, fluorescence is assigned to tryptophan and oxidation products of amino acids; in the case of egg yolk, fatty-acid polymerisation and age-related degradation products account for the formation of fluorophores.

Thermoluminescent properties of ZnS:Mn nanocrystalline powders

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ortiz-Hernández, Arturo Agustín; Méndez García, Víctor Hugo; Pérez Arrieta, María Leticia; Ortega Sígala, José Juan

2015-01-01

Thermoluminescent ZnS nanocrystals doped with Mn 2+ ions were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method. From X-ray diffraction studies it was observed that the synthesized nanoparticles have cubic zinc blende structure with average sizes of about 40–50 nm. Morphology was analyzed by TEM. Photoluminescence studies showed two transitions, one of them close to 396 nm and other close to 598 nm, which is enhanced with increasing dopant concentration, this behavior was also observed in the cathodoluminescence spectrum. The thermoluminescence gamma dose-response has linear behavior over dose range 5–100 mGy, the glow curve structure shows two glow peaks at 436 K and at 518 K that were taken into account to calculate the kinetic parameters using the Computerized Glow Curve Deconvolution procedure. - Highlights: • Nanocrystals in powder of ZnS:Mn were synthesized using the co-precipitation method. • The integrated TL spectra has a linear behavior on the dose range 5–100 mGy of γ-radiation. • The kinetic parameters were obtained by the CGCD procedure. • Results support the possible use of nanocrystalline ZnS:Mn as a new γ-dose nanoTLD

Persistent luminescence and thermoluminescence of UV/VIS -irradiated SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pereyda-Pierre, C.; Meléndrez, R.; García, R.; Pedroza-Montero, M.; Barboza-Flores, M.

2011-01-01

The persistent luminescence and thermoluminescence properties of SrAl 2 O 4 : Eu 2+ , Dy 3+ phosphors excited with UV–VIS light in the 200–500 nm region were investigated. The thermoluminescence glow curve was found to be composed of peaks around 70, 125 and 245 °C. The persistent luminescence and thermoluminescence excitation spectra exhibited a broad band around 300–500 nm centered at 400 and 420 nm respectively. A linear behavior of the integrated thermoluminescence intensity and persistent luminescence versus irradiation time was found for the first 60 s. The charge detrapping from the 70 °C trapping levels was the major contributor to the observed persistent luminescence at room temperature. The SrAl 2 O 4 : Eu 2+ , Dy 3+ phosphors have suitable properties to be applied as storage and persistent luminescence UV–VIS irradiation dose phosphor. -- Highlights: ► SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ , Dy 3+ persistent luminescence and thermoluminescence was measured. ► The phosphor was irradiated with UV–VIS photons in the 200–500 nm wavelength range. ► SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ , Dy 3+ behaves adequately as persistent and storage UV–VIS dosimeter. ► The persistent luminescence dosimetry does not require heat or light stimulation.

Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of Li₂O-Na₂O-B₂O₃ glass.

Science.gov (United States)

Razak, N A; Hashim, S; Mhareb, M H A; Tamchek, N

2016-05-01

Influence of Nd(3+) concentration on the optical and thermoluminescence (TL) properties of melt-annealed synthesized 10 Na2O: 20 Li2O: (70-x) B2O3 : xNd2O3, where 0.1≤ x ≤0.7 (LNB) glasses are determined. The absence of sharp peaks in X-ray diffraction patterns confirms the amorphous nature of the prepared glasses. The photoluminescence spectra under 800 nm laser excitations at room temperature exhibit three prominent peaks centred at 538, 603 and 675 nm corresponding to the transitions of (4)G(7/2) → (4)I(9/2), [(4)G(7/2) → (4)I(11/2), (4)G(5/2) → (4)I(9/2)] and [(4)G(7/2) → (4)I(13/2), (4)G(5/2) → (4)I(11/2)], respectively. The TL glow curve exhibits a prominent peak (T(m)) at 180°C. The best performance of the prepared glass was found at 0.5 mol% of Nd2O3. We achieved a good linearity of TL response against dose between 0.5 to 4.0 Gy. The calculated value of the effective atomic number, Z(eff), is 7.55 which is nearly tissue equivalent (Z(eff) = 7.42). These promising features demonstrate the capability of the aforementioned glass to be used as a radiation dosimeter. The thermoluminescence and optical properties of new compositions of lithium sodium borate glasses doped with Nd(3+) ions were reported. Attractive features were obtained from the TL, PL and UV-Vis light analysis. Three upconversion luminescences permitting green, orange and red emissions were observed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Thermoluminescent of induced calcite by gamma and ultraviolet radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lima, J.F. de.

1987-01-01

Samples of brazilian calcite, exposed to gamma radiation in laboratory and heated at constant rate of 2.7 0 C/s, showed three glow peaks at 150, 250 and 350 0 C in their thermoluminescent emission curves. The analysis of these peaks, using different models, indicated that they follow a second order kinetics; it has been obtained, for the activation energy, 1.3, 1.5 and 1.7 eV, and, for the pre-exponential factors, 8.1 x 10 14 , 6.8 x10 13 and 2.4 x 10 12 s -1 . Although the total thermoluminescent emission has stayed constant, the relative height of glow peaks has changed with the temperature of annealing in the range of 400 to 700 0 C. Exposed samples were also illuminated with ultraviolet light and the resultant curves showed partial or total bleaching or some glow peaks and the growth of peaks at lower temperatures. Samples of virgin calcite, submited to increasing exposures of gamma rays, showed a corresponding enhancement of the optical absorption bands in the range of 25000 to 47000 cm -1 A subsequent illumination of these samples with ultraviolet light produced a decrease of the optical absorption bands at the same range. (author) [pt

Emission spectra from super-critical rippled plasma density profiles illuminated by intense laser pulses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ondarza R, R.; Boyd, T.J.M.

2000-01-01

High-order harmonic emission from the interaction of intense femtosecond laser pulses with super-critical plasmas characterized by a rippled density profile at the vacuum-plasma interface has been observed from particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. A plasma simulation box several laser wavelengths in extent was prepared with a rippled density of a fraction of a laser wavelength. Emission spectra at the very initial stage of the interaction were recorded with spectral characteristics dissimilar to those previously reported in the literature. The reflected light spectra were characterized by a strong emission at the plasma line and by a series of harmonics at multiples of the ripple frequency. Harmonic spectra were obtained for different values of the plasma ripple frequency. In all cases the harmonics were emitted at the precise multiple harmonic number of the ripple frequency. Another important feature apparent from the simulations was that the emission peaks appeared to havea complex structure as compared with those for unrippled plasmas. For the cases when the plasma was rippled the peaks that corresponded to the multiples of the rippled density typically showed a double peak for the first few harmonics. The reflected emission plots for the main laser pulse showed strong emission at the plasma frequency and at multiples of that frequency as reported by the authors in the literature. (Author)

Study of aluminum emission spectra in astrophysical plasmas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jin Zhan; Zhang Jie

2001-01-01

High temperature, high density and strong magnetic fields in plasmas produced by ultra-high intensity and ultrashort laser pulses are similar to the main characteristics of astrophysical plasmas. This makes it possible to simulate come astrophysical processes at laboratories. The author presents the theoretic simulation of aluminum emission spectra in astrophysical plasmas. It can be concluded that using laser produced plasmas, the authors can obtain rich information on astrophysical spectroscopy, which is unobservable for astronomer

Electron-electron correlation, resonant photoemission and X-ray emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parlebas, J.C.; Kotani, Akio; Tanaka, Satoshi.

1991-01-01

In this short review paper we essentially focus on the high energy spectroscopies which involve second order quantum processes, i.e., resonance photoemission, Auger and X-ray emission spectroscopies, denoted respectively by RXPS, AES and XES. First, we summarize the main 3p-RXPS and AES results obtained in Cu and Ni metals; especially we recall that the satellite near the 3p-threshold in the spectra, which arises from a d-hole pair bound state, needs a careful treatment of the electron-electron correlation. Then we analyze the RXPS spectra in a few Ce compounds (CeO 2 , Ce 2 O 3 and CeF 3 ) involving 3d or 4d core levels and we interpret the spectra consistently with the other spectroscopies, such as core XPS and XAS which are first order quantum processes. Finally within the same one-impurity model and basically with the same sets of parameters, we review a theory for the Ce 5p→3d XES, as well as for the corresponding RXES, where (1) the incident X-ray is tuned to resonate with the 3d→4f transition and (2) the X-ray emission due to the 5p→3d transition is actually observed. The paper ends with a general discussion. (author) 77 refs

Thermoluminescence kinetic features of Lithium Iodide (LiI) single crystal grown by vertical Bridgman technique

Science.gov (United States)

Daniel, D. Joseph; Kim, H. J.; Kim, Sunghwan; Khan, Sajid

2017-08-01

Single crystal of pure Lithium Iodide (LiI) has been grown from melt by using the vertical Bridgman technique. Thermoluminescence (TL) Measurements were carried out at 1 K/s following X-ray irradiation. The TL glow curve consists of a dominant peak at (peak-maximum Tm) 393 K and one low temperature peak of weaker intensity at 343 K. The order of kinetics (b), activation energy (E), and the frequency factor (S) for a prominent TL glow peak observed around 393 K for LiI crystals are reported for the first time. The peak shape analysis of the glow peak indicates the kinetics to be of the first order. The value of E is calculated using various standard methods such as initial rise (IR), whole glow peak (WGP), peak shape (PS), computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) and Variable Heating rate (VHR) methods. An average value of 1.06 eV is obtained in this case. In order to validate the obtained parameters, numerically integrated TL glow curve has been generated using experimentally determined kinetic parameters. The effective atomic number (Zeff) for this material was determined and found to be 52. X-ray induced emission spectra of pure LiI single crystal are studied at room temperature and it is found that the sample exhibit sharp emission at 457 nm and broad emission at 650 nm.

Preparation of thermoluminescent materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1976-01-01

Thermoluminescent materials have been found to be suitable for measuring long term exposures to low level ionizing radiation. Oxyhalides of lanthanum, gadolinium and yttrium, including the oxychlorides and oxybromides are activated with terbium and have been found to be most efficient oxygendominated phosphors having thermoradiant efficiencies with excitation by low level ionizing radiation. Thermoluminescence response increases when the previous materials have hafnium and zirconium additives

VNIR Reflectance and MIR Emissivity Spectra of Ordinary Chondrite Meteorites Under Simulated Asteroid Surface Conditions

Science.gov (United States)

Gemma, M.; Shirley, K.; Glotch, T. D.; Ebel, D. S. S.

2017-12-01

Recent missions have revealed much about the nature of many Near-Earth asteroids, including the NEAR-Shoemaker target 433 Eros and Hayabusa target 25142 Itokawa. Both asteroids appear to have mineralogy consistent with ordinary chondrite meteorites. Laboratory spectral analysis of well-constrained meteorite samples can be employed as a reference tool to characterize and constrain data from current and future asteroid studies. A sample set of ordinary chondrite meteorites was chosen from the collection at the American Museum of Natural History. Six meteorites, spanning groups H, L, and LL, were prepared at four different size fractions (25-63 μm, 63-90 μm, 90-125 μm, 125-250 μm) in an attempt to mimic regolith known to exist on asteroids such as 433 Eros and 25142 Itokawa. At the Center for Planetary Exploration at Stony Brook University, spectra of the ordinary chondrite material were measured under simulated asteroid surface conditions ( 10-6 mbar, 150 K chamber temperature, low intensity illumination). The samples were used in two experiments: one measuring visible and near-infrared (VNIR) reflectance spectra at a series of temperatures, and the other measuring mid-infrared (MIR) emissivity spectra. The emissivity measurements require accurate simulation of the thermal environment within asteroid regolith, achieved by inducing a thermal gradient within the sample that results in a surface brightness temperature around 323 K (similar to the surface of 25142 Itokawa). Mid-IR emissivity spectra were collected for each sample at a surface temperature of 323 K, and reflectance spectra were collected in increments of 10 K, over the range 283 K to 373 K. Preliminary VNIR spectra show spreads similar to those seen in Hinrichs and Lucey (2002). Preliminary MIR emissivity spectra suggest that under asteroid surface conditions, the position of the Christiansen feature shifts to shorter wavelengths and emissivity is lower in the Reststrahlen bands when compared to

Fluorescence of Bacteria, Pollens, and Naturally Occurring Airborne Particles: Excitation/Emission Spectra

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Hill, Steven C; Mayo, Michael W; Chang, Richard K

2009-01-01

The fluorescence intensity as a function of excitation and emission wavelengths (EEM spectra) was measured for different species of bacteria, biochemical constituents of cells, pollens, and vegetation...

Lifetime-vibrational interference effects in resonantly excited x-ray emission spectra of CO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Skytt, P.; Glans, P.; Gunnelin, K. [Uppsala Univ. (Sweden)] [and others

1997-04-01

The parity selection rule for resonant X-ray emission as demonstrated for O{sub 2} and N{sub 2} can be seen as an effect of interference between coherently excited degenerate localized core states. One system where the core state degeneracy is not exact but somewhat lifted was previously studied at ALS, namely the resonant X-ray emission of amino-substituted benzene (aniline). It was shown that the X-ray fluorescence spectrum resulting from excitation of the C1s at the site of the {open_quotes}aminocarbon{close_quotes} could be described in a picture separating the excitation and the emission processes, whereas the spectrum corresponding to the quasi-degenerate carbons could not. Thus, in this case it was necessary to take interference effects between the quasi-degenerate intermediate core excited states into account in order to obtain agreement between calculations and experiment. The different vibrational levels of core excited states in molecules have energy splittings which are of the same order of magnitude as the natural lifetime broadening of core excitations in the soft X-ray range. Therefore, lifetime-vibrational interference effects are likely to appear and influence the band shapes in resonant X-ray emission spectra. Lifetime-vibrational interference has been studied in non-resonant X-ray emission, and in Auger spectra. In this report the authors discuss results of selectively excited soft X-ray fluorescence spectra of molecules, where they focus on lifetime-interference effects appearing in the band shapes.

Nonclassical polarization effects in fluorescence emission spectra from microdroplets

Science.gov (United States)

Arnold, S.; Goddard, N. L.; Hill, S. C.

1999-12-01

We report a pronounced nonclassical polarization effect on the shape of fluorescence emission spectra from isolated microdroplets containing a dilute solution of soluble fluors or a dilute layer of surfactant fluors. We see different spectral shapes for 90° scattering when comparing between IVV, IVH, IHH, IHV. However, we measure the largest difference in spectral shape in the surfactant case, with the incident polarization directed toward the detector (IHV vs IHH). Imaging reveals that the emission in this case principally arises from two distinct regions near the surface of the droplet, which are diametrically opposed and along the axis of the incident laser beam. The effect appears to be the direct result of coupling between molecular emission moments and electromagnetic modes of the droplet. It is not the molecule which radiates but the molecule microvessel. Directional emission is sensitive to the polarization of the electromagnetic mode which is stimulated by the coupling.

Selected references on thermoluminescent dosemeters for personnel monitoring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lawson, Helen

1976-08-01

This bibliography contains references on: specific thermoluminescent dosemeters used for personnel dosimetry; comparisons of thermoluminescent and other dosemeters for personnel monitoring and read-out apparatus for thermoluminescent dosemeters. An appendix contains selected foreign language references. (author)

Thermoluminescence: its understanding and applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nambi, K.S.V.

1977-01-01

The phenomenon of thermoluminescence is treated exhaustively both mathematically and physically. All the possible applications of the phenomenon are briefly described and an optimistic picture of the future trends in this field is projected. A review of latest information on thermoluminescence instrumentation and phosphors is also included [pt

Physical aspects of electron emission spectra shape for ferroelectrics-electrets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kolesnikov, V.V.; Kozakov, A.T.

2002-01-01

One introduces a theoretical approach establishing a link between the peculiarities of spectrum of electron emission from ferroelectrics-electrets and the behavior of potential at a specimen surface. From these points of view one analyzes physical nature of the key peculiarities in the experimental spectra. One points out strong effect of electret charge relaxation on their shape due to bifurcation (branching) of peculiarities in a spectrum. A complex shape of spectrum of electron emission from ferroelectrics-electrets results from peculiarities of distribution of electrical field and polarization along their surface [ru

Emission line spectra of Herbig-Haro objects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brugel, E.W.; Boehm, K.H.; Mannery, E.

1981-01-01

Spectrophotometric data have been obtained for 12 Herbig-Haro nebulae with the multichannel spectrometer on the Mt. Palomar 5.08 m telescope and with the image intensified dissector scanner on the Kitt Peak 2.13 m telescope. Optical emission line fluxes are presented for the following Herbig-Haro objects: H-H 1 (NW), H-H 1 (SE), H-H 2A, H-H 2G, H-H 2H, H-H 3, H-H 7, H-H 11, H-H 24A, H-H 30, H-H 32, and H-H 40. Values for the electron temperature and electron density have been determined for 10 of these condensations. Significant inhomogeneities in the line-forming regions of these H-H objects are indicated by the derived N/sub e/-T/sub e/ diagrams. Empirical two-component density models have been constructed to interpret the emission line spectra of the five brightest condensations. Slightly less satisfactory homogeneous models are presented for the remaining five objects

Emissive spectra of shock-heated argon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang Jingyou; Gu Yan; Peng Qixian; Bai Yulin; Li Ping

2003-01-01

To study the radiant properties of argon under weak shock compression, an aluminum target filled with gaseous argon at ambient states was impacted by a tungsten alloy projectile which was launched from a two-stage light gun to 2.00 km/s. The radiant signals of single shock-compressed argon were recorded by a six-channel pyrometer and oscilloscopes, which varied with time linearly for the five channels from 405 nm to 700 nm and exponentially for the channel 800 nm, and the corresponding velocity of shock wave was determined to be 4.10 ± 0.09 km/s. By the present experiment, it has been shown that the absorbability of the shock-heated argon is low for visual light and the optical depths of argon gas turn from thin to thick as wavelengths gradually increase. The time-resolved spectra in the rising-front of the radiant signal in the re-shocked argon were recorded by means of an OMA, and strong emissive spectrum bands near 450 nm light-wave length but no linear spectrum were found. The emissive spectrum properties of shock-compression argon were qualitatively explained by the state parameters and ionization degree

EVIDENCE FOR SECONDARY EMISSION AS THE ORIGIN OF HARD SPECTRA IN TeV BLAZARS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zheng, Y. G.; Kang, T.

2013-01-01

We develop a model for the possible origin of hard, very high energy (VHE) spectra from a distant blazar. In the model, both the primary photons produced in the source and secondary photons produced outside it contribute to the observed high-energy γ-ray emission. That is, the primary photons are produced through the synchrotron self-Compton process, and the secondary photons are produced through high-energy proton interactions with background photons along the line of sight. We apply the model to a characteristic case of VHE γ-ray emission in the distant blazar 1ES 1101-232. Assuming suitable electron and proton spectra, we obtain excellent fits to the observed spectra of this blazar. This indicated that the surprisingly low attenuation of the high-energy γ-rays, especially the shape of the VHE γ-ray tail of the observed spectra, can be explained by secondary γ-rays produced in interactions of cosmic-ray protons with background photons in intergalactic space.

Structural and impurity phase transitions of LiNaSO4:RE probed using cathodo-thermoluminescence

Science.gov (United States)

Maghrabi, M.; Finch, A. A.; Townsend, P. D.

2008-11-01

Spectrally resolved cathodo-thermoluminescence spectra of rare earth (RE) doped LiNaSO4 measured from 20 to 673 K reveal several anomalies in the RE emission lines and intensities. The low (20-300 K) temperature data show a discontinuous change in intensity at ~170 K that is either a marked intensity enhancement or a drop truncating the entire spectrum. Such an effect on the host luminescence has previously been assigned to a transition between cubic and hexagonal polymorphs of ice nanoparticle inclusions. Similar, but less profound anomalies are seen above room temperature (300-673 K) where the changes take the form of either a discontinuity in intensity at ~480 K or reduced intensity in the range 430-530 K. There are changes in the relative intensities of different emission lines of the same dopant in this temperature range. Such high temperature variations are ascribed to structural phase changes within the LiNaSO4 crystals. The behaviours may result from Li-poor surfaces or twin boundaries behaving like Na2SO4. This phase change is suggested in the open literature for LiNaSO4 but not yet fully documented, perhaps because the effects span a wide range of temperatures or due to experimental features inherent in most luminescence facilities.

Emission spectra of dimethoxybenzenes by controlled electron impact

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ogawa, Teiichiro; Imasaka, Totaro; Toyoda, Minoru; Tsuji, Masaharu; Ishibashi, Nobuhiko

1975-01-01

The emission spectra of o-, m-, and p-dimethoxybenzenes under controlled electron impact excitation (200 eV) were measured in the 220 - 450 nm region at very low pressures. The photoemissions of the excited parent species and such fragment species as H, CH, CO, and CO + were observed and assigned. The relative intensities of the photoemissions of the parent species were compared with those of the fluorescence spectra (photoexcitation) in an n-hexane solution. The excited parent species, H, and CH were concluded to be produced in one-electron processes; however, the CO + species were assumed to be produced in both one- and two-electron processes, and the relative contributions are evaluated. It was concluded that the rate of the predissociation of o-dimethoxybenzene was faster than those of the other two isomers, and the observed characteristics of o-dimethoxybenzene had something to do with this faster rate. (auth.)

Thermoluminescent Signals Caused by Disturbing Effects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

German, U.; Weinstein, M.; Ben-Shachar, B.

1999-01-01

One of the major sources of uncertainty in the measurement of low radiation doses by means of thermoluminescence dosemeters is the presence of disturbing thermoluminescence signals, especially luminescence caused by visible light, and by materials attached to the heated areas. Glow curves of thermoluminescence dosemeters contain useful information that can improve the accuracy and the reliability of the thermoluminescent measurements. The influence of the various disturbing effects can be recognised in the shape of the glow curves and can sometimes be separated from the exposure. Some examples are presented of signals arising from the two disturbing effects mentioned above, the signal contributed by Teflon used in the TLD-100 cards of Bicron/Harshaw and some abnormal glow curves due to dirt attached to the cards. Subtraction of the contributions due to these effects is suggested to obtain the net exposure signal. (author)

Theoretically predicted soft x-ray emission and absorption spectra of graphitic-structured BC2N

Science.gov (United States)

Muramatsu, Yasuji

Theoretical B K, C K and N K x-ray emission/absorption spectra of three possible graphitic-structured BC2N clusters are predicted based on the B2p-, C2p-, and N2p- density-of-states (DOS) calculated by discrete variational (DV)-X[alpha] molecular orbital calculations. Several prominent differences in DOS spectral features among BC2Ns, h-BN, and graphite are confirmed from comparison of calculated B2p-, C2p-, and N2p-DOS spectra. These variations in the spectra allow BC2N structures to be positively identified by high-resolution x-ray emission/absorption spectroscopy in the B K, C K, and N K regions.

A Spectral Library of Emissivity Spectra for MERTIS on BepiColombo

Science.gov (United States)

Maturilli, A.; Helbert, J.; Varatharajan, I.; D'Amore, M.; Hiesinger, H.

2018-05-01

At PSL we measured emissivity spectra in vacuum for a suite of Mercury surface analogues for temperatures from 100°C to >400°C. The spectral library is completed by reflectance on samples fresh and post-heating (0.2 to 200 µm spectral range).

Photoluminescence emission spectra of Makrofol® DE 1-1 upon irradiation with ultraviolet radiation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. El Ghazaly

Full Text Available Photoluminescence (PL emission spectra of Makrofol® DE 1-1 (bisphenol-A based polycarbonate upon irradiation with ultraviolet radiation of different wavelengths were investigated. The absorption-and attenuation coefficient measurements revealed that the Makrofol® DE 1-1 is characterized by high absorbance in the energy range 6.53–4.43 eV but for a lower energy than 4.43 eV, it is approximately transparent. Makrofol® DE 1-1 samples were irradiated with ultraviolet radiation of wavelength in the range from 250 (4.28 eV to 400 (3.10 eV nm in step of 10 nm and the corresponding photoluminescence (PL emission spectra were measured with a spectrofluorometer. It is found that the integrated counts and the peak height of the photoluminescence emission (PL bands are strongly correlated with the ultraviolet radiation wavelength. They are increased at the ultraviolet radiation wavelength 280 nm and have maximum at 290 nm, thereafter they decrease and diminish at 360 nm of ultraviolet wavelength. The position of the PL emission band peak was red shifted starting from 300 nm, which increased with the increase the ultraviolet radiation wavelength. The PL bandwidth increases linearly with the increase of the ultraviolet radiation wavelength. When Makrofol® DE 1-1 is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation of short wavelength (UVC, the photoluminescence emission spectra peaks also occur in the UVC but of a relatively longer wavelength. The current new findings should be considered carefully when using Makrofol® DE 1-1 in medical applications related to ultraviolet radiation. Keywords: Photoluminescence spectra, Makrofol® DE 1-1, UV–vis spectrophotometry, Attenuation coefficient, Ultraviolet radiation

Förster resonance energy transfer, absorption and emission spectra in multichromophoric systems. III. Exact stochastic path integral evaluation.

Science.gov (United States)

Moix, Jeremy M; Ma, Jian; Cao, Jianshu

2015-03-07

A numerically exact path integral treatment of the absorption and emission spectra of open quantum systems is presented that requires only the straightforward solution of a stochastic differential equation. The approach converges rapidly enabling the calculation of spectra of large excitonic systems across the complete range of system parameters and for arbitrary bath spectral densities. With the numerically exact absorption and emission operators, one can also immediately compute energy transfer rates using the multi-chromophoric Förster resonant energy transfer formalism. Benchmark calculations on the emission spectra of two level systems are presented demonstrating the efficacy of the stochastic approach. This is followed by calculations of the energy transfer rates between two weakly coupled dimer systems as a function of temperature and system-bath coupling strength. It is shown that the recently developed hybrid cumulant expansion (see Paper II) is the only perturbative method capable of generating uniformly reliable energy transfer rates and emission spectra across a broad range of system parameters.

Personnel radiation monitoring by thermoluminescence dosimetry (2000-2001)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mi-Cho-Cho, Daw; Hla-Hla-Win, Daw; Thin-Thin-Kraing

2001-01-01

Thermoluminescence dosimetry service was introduced in 1991. Personnel who exposed directly or indirectly to radiation is monitored by thermoluminescent dosimeter. TL materials used for thermoluminescent dosimeter are in the form of thin disc. Personnel whole-body and extremity doses are measured by thermoluminescence dosimetry. The Harshaw Model 4500 TLD reader and Vinten 654E TLD reader are used for TLD evaluation. At present about 600 radiation workers are provided with TLD for routine monitoring. It was found that most personnel had received within permissible dose recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). (author)

Thermoluminescence emission spectrometry of glass display in mobile phones and resulting evaluation of the dosimetric properties of a specific type of display glass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Discher, Michael; Woda, Clemens

2014-01-01

Glass displays of mobile phones are sensitive to ionizing radiation and can be used for retrospective dosimetry for the purpose of triage after a radiological accident or attack. In this study the two main types of glass display that are used in modern mobile phones were investigated using thermoluminescence (TL) emission spectrometry. A different TL spectrum was observed for the glass display of category A (lime-aluminosilicate glass) and category B (boron-silicate glass). Based on the spectral measurements an optimized detection window was chosen to re-evaluate the dosimetric properties (dose response, optical and long-term stability) of glass display category B. - Highlights: • Two display glass types show similar TL emission peaks but with strongly different relative intensities. • The intrinsic background TL signal peaks at similar wavelengths as the radiation induced signal. • Dosimetric properties of one display glass type were re-evaluated using an optimized detection window

Fracto- mechanoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of orange-red emitting Eu3+ doped Ca2Al2SiO7 phosphors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tiwari, Geetanjali; Brahme, Nameeta; Sharma, Ravi; Bisen, D.P.; Sao, Sanjay K.; Khare, Ayush

2017-01-01

The suitability of nano-structured Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 :Eu 3+ phosphors for thermoluminescence and mechanoluminescence dosimeter were investigated. Europium doped di-calcium di-aluminum silicate phosphor was synthesised by the combustion assisted method and annealed at 1100 °C for 4 h in reducing and oxidizing environments. The prepared Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 :Eu 3+ phosphor was characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), photoluminescence (PL) and decay characteristics. The phase structure of sintered phosphor has akermanite type which belongs to the tetragonal crystallography; this structure is a member of the melilite group and forms a layered compound. The chemical composition of the sintered Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 :Eu 3+ phosphor was confirmed by EDX spectra. Mechanoluminescence (ML) and thermoluminescence (TL) studies revealed that the ML and TL intensity increases with activator concentration. Optimum ML was observed for the sample having 2 mol% of Eu ions. The TL intensity of Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 :Eu 3+ was recorded for different exposure times of γ -irradiation and it was observed that TL intensity is maximum for γ dose of 1770 Gy. The PL spectra indicated that Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 :Eu 3+ could be excited effectively by near ultraviolet (NUV) light and exhibited bright orange-red emission with excellent colour stability. CIE colour coordinates of the prepared Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 :Eu 3+ phosphor was found suitable as orange-red light emitting phosphor with a CIE value of (x=0.6142, y=0.3849) and correlated colour temperature (CCT) is 1250 K. Therefore, it is considered to be a new promising orange-red emitting phosphor for white light emitting diode (LED) application.

Polarization of electron cyclotron emission spectra in LHD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vries, P.C. de; Nagayama, Y.; Kawahata, K.; Inagaki, S.; Sasao, H.; Nagasaki, K.

1999-07-01

Electron cyclotron emission (ECE) can be used to determine the electron temperature profile in magnetized plasmas. The complex structure of the magnetic field configuration in the Large Helical Device (LHD), which has a large shear, complicates the analysis of the ECE spectrum. In a sheared magnetic field the propagation of X and O-mode polarization through the plasma are coupled, causing mode conversion and polarization rotation. Mode scrambling is also caused by wall reflections. In this report, this mode conversion in LHD is numerically analyzed. It was found that at low density mode conversion scrambles the ECE spectra. However, at higher density (n eo > 1.0·10 19 m -3 ) the polarization mode is found to rotate with the sheared magnetic field, yielding only a negligible mode conversion. Wall reflections are found to depolarize the ECE spectrum. Notwithstanding the LHD magnetic configuration, it is shown that temperature profiles could be revealed from the ECE spectra. (author)

On the roles of the dopants in LiF: Mg,Cu,Na,Si thermoluminescent material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, J. I.; Kim, J. L.; Chang, S. Y.; Chung, K. S.; Choe, H. S.

2005-01-01

In this paper, some results of the study on the roles of the dopants in the LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si thermoluminescent (TL) material that was developed at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Inst. for radiation protection are presented. Although there have been many studies to investigate the roles of the dopants in LiF:Mg,Cu,P TL material in the TL process, there are some discrepancies in the understanding of the roles of Cu and P between various researchers. In case of LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si TL material, there are a few studies on the roles of the dopants. Three kinds of samples in each of which one dopant is excluded, and the optimised sample, were prepared for this study. The measurements and analysis of the three-dimensional TL spectra, based on the temperature, wavelength and intensity, and the glow curves for those samples are used in this study. The results show that Mg plays a role in the trapping of the charge carriers and Cu plays a role in the luminescence recombination process; however, the effect of Na and Si on the glow curve structure and the TL emission spectra is much less than that of Mg and Cu. It is considered that Na and Si each plays a role in the improvement of the luminescence efficiency. (authors)

Reactor Gamma Heat Measurements with Calorimeters and Thermoluminescence Dosimeters

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Haack, Karsten; Majborn, Benny

1973-01-01

Intercomparison measurements of reactor γ-ray heating were carried out with calorimeters and thermoluminescence dosimeters. Within the measurement uncertainties the two methods yield coincident results. In the actual measurement range thermoluminescence dosimeters are less accurate than calorimet......Intercomparison measurements of reactor γ-ray heating were carried out with calorimeters and thermoluminescence dosimeters. Within the measurement uncertainties the two methods yield coincident results. In the actual measurement range thermoluminescence dosimeters are less accurate than...... calorimeters, but possess advantages such as a small probe size and the possibility of making simultaneous measurements at many different positions. Hence, thermoluminescence dosimeters may constitute a valuable supplement to calorimeters for reactor γ-ray heating measurements....

Life-time resolved emission spectra in CdI2 crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kawabata, Seiji; Nakagawa, Hideyuki

2007-01-01

The emission spectrum of CdI 2 is composed of ultraviolet (UV), green (G) and yellow (Y and Y') bands peaking at 3.38, 2.50, 2.16 and 2.25 eV, respectively. In order to determine the initial states of the Y- and G-luminescence, decay curves have been measured at 6 and 80 K by varying emission energy. The observed decay curves are composed of two or three exponential components. These decay components were named τ 1 , τ 2 , τ 3 , τ 3' and τ 4 . The emission spectrum for each decay component, i.e., the life-time resolved emission spectrum, was constructed from the observed decay curves. At 6 K, three bands at 2.12, 2.49 and 2.64 eV are obtained for τ 1 , τ 2 and τ 3 components, respectively. At 80 K, a dominant band for the τ 4 component and a weak band for the τ 3' component appear on the same energy position at 2.25 eV. The origin of each emission band in the life-time resolved emission spectra will be briefly discussed

The Radio-thermoluminescence of CaSO{sub 4}:Sm and Its Use in Dosimetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bjaerngard, Bengt

1964-12-15

The general properties of the thermoluminescence of CaSO{sub 4}:Sm have been investigated. The luminescent emission lies in the region 4,000 - 6,200 A with narrow bands at 5,600 and 5,900 A. The glow curve has the main peak at 400 deg C and a smaller one at 95 deg C. The fading of the thermoluminescence signal in the former peak is negligible at temperatures up to 200 deg C. The light yield of the 400 deg C emission is 0.3 % at small exposures and increases to 1.5 % at 10,000 R. Saturation occurs at about 30,000 R. The variation of the sensitivity is interpreted as being caused by a generation of new traps. It is concluded that CaSO{sub 4}:Sm provides a good basis for gamma dosimetry at high temperatures. It can be used up to somewhat above 200 deg C without corrections for the influence of the irradiation temperature. It may be used up to 300 deg C if the exposure times are restricted and corrections are applied. Because of the high readout temperature needed, the emission of incandescent light is a severe background component. The system described cannot be used for the determination of exposures less than about one roentgen.

Photoluminescence emission spectra of Makrofol® DE 1-1 upon irradiation with ultraviolet radiation

Science.gov (United States)

El Ghazaly, M.; Aydarous, Abdulkadir

Photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra of Makrofol® DE 1-1 (bisphenol-A based polycarbonate) upon irradiation with ultraviolet radiation of different wavelengths were investigated. The absorption-and attenuation coefficient measurements revealed that the Makrofol® DE 1-1 is characterized by high absorbance in the energy range 6.53-4.43 eV but for a lower energy than 4.43 eV, it is approximately transparent. Makrofol® DE 1-1 samples were irradiated with ultraviolet radiation of wavelength in the range from 250 (4.28 eV) to 400 (3.10 eV) nm in step of 10 nm and the corresponding photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra were measured with a spectrofluorometer. It is found that the integrated counts and the peak height of the photoluminescence emission (PL) bands are strongly correlated with the ultraviolet radiation wavelength. They are increased at the ultraviolet radiation wavelength 280 nm and have maximum at 290 nm, thereafter they decrease and diminish at 360 nm of ultraviolet wavelength. The position of the PL emission band peak was red shifted starting from 300 nm, which increased with the increase the ultraviolet radiation wavelength. The PL bandwidth increases linearly with the increase of the ultraviolet radiation wavelength. When Makrofol® DE 1-1 is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation of short wavelength (UVC), the photoluminescence emission spectra peaks also occur in the UVC but of a relatively longer wavelength. The current new findings should be considered carefully when using Makrofol® DE 1-1 in medical applications related to ultraviolet radiation.

Thermoluminescent response of LaAlO3:Pr

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morales H, A.; Zarate M, J.; Azorin N, J.; Rivera M, T.

2015-10-01

In this study, the thermoluminescence response of doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO 3 ) with praseodymium ion (Pr) obtained by the Pechini method and drying by the spraying technique Spry Dryer was studied. The obtained powders were analyzed structurally by the X-ray diffraction technique; the morphological characterization was by the scanning electron microscopy technique. The obtained powders at 800 degrees C presented crystallinity and showed a Rhombohedral crystal structure, this phase was observed by X-ray diffraction patterns. Thermoluminescence response of LaAlO 3 :Pr showed a brightness curve with a peak centered at 157 degrees C. The sensitivity of the doped samples was improved about 90 times in comparison with the undoped sample. Thermoluminescence response in function of the wavelength showed a maximum at 230 nm, reproducibility of thermoluminescence response was ±50%. Also the fading in thermoluminescence response was studied. (Author)

Thermoluminescent measurement in space radiation dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Mei; Qi Zhangnian; Li Xianggao; Huang Zengxin; Jia Xianghong; Wang Genliang

1999-01-01

The author introduced the space radiation environment and the application of thermoluminescent measurement in space radiation dosimetry. Space ionization radiation is charged particles radiation. Space radiation dosimetry was developed for protecting astronauts against space radiation. Thermoluminescent measurement is an excellent method used in the spaceship cabin. Also the authors mentioned the recent works here

Thermo-luminescence and photoluminescence studies of Al2O3 irradiated with heavy ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jheeta, K.S.

2008-06-01

Thermo-luminescence (TL) spectra of single crystals of Al 2 O 3 (sapphire) irradiated with 200 MeV swift Ag ions at different fluence in the range 1x10 11 to 1x10 13 ions/cm 2 has been recorded at room temperature by keeping the warming rate 2K/min. The TL glow curve of the irradiated samples has a simple structure with a prominent peak at ∼ 500 K with one small peak at 650 K. The intensity of main peak increases with the ion fluence. This has been attributed to the creation of new traps on irradiation. Also, a shift of 8 K in the peak position towards low temperature side has been observed at higher fluence 1x10 13 ions/cm 2 . In addition, photoluminescence (PL) spectra of irradiated samples have been recorded at room temperature upon 2.8 eV excitation. A broad band consisting of mainly two emission bands, respectively at 2.5 and 2.3 eV corresponding to F 2 and F 2 2+ defect centers is observed. The intensity of these bands shows an increasing trend up to fluence 5x10 12 ions/cm 2 and then decreases at higher fluence 1x10 13 ions/cm 2 . The results are interpreted in terms of creation of newly defect centers, clustering/aggregation and radiation-induced annihilation of defects. (author)

Life-time resolved emission spectra in CdCl2 crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kawabata, S.; Nakagawa, H.; Kitaura, M.

2005-01-01

The emission spectrum of CdCl 2 is composed of ultraviolet (UV) and yellow (Y) bands peaking at 3.70 and 2.30 eV, respectively. In order to determine the initial states of the Y-luminescence, decay curves of the Y-emission were measured at 8K by varying emission energy in the range from 1.64 eV to 3.13 eV. The observed decay curves are composed of two or three exponential components. The values of lifetime for them were 900, 460 and 60 μs. The emission spectrum for each decay component, i.e., life-time resolved emission spectrum, was analyzed by the observed decay curves. The emission spectrum for the component of 460 μs lifetime exhibits a dominant band at 2.30 eV and a satellite band at 3.03 eV. The emission spectrum for the component of 60 μs lifetime is reproduced by the three Gaussian bands peaking at 2.21, 2.65 and 2.87 eV. For the component of 900 μs lifetime, only a single band appears at 1.73 eV. The origin of the emission bands in life-time resolved emission spectra is briefly discussed, and the initial states of Y-luminescence are explained by the excited states of a [Cd 2+ Cl - 6 ] 4- complex molecular ion. (copyright 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

Characteristic of 120 degree C thermoluminescence peak of iceland spar

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lu Xinwei; Han Jia

2006-01-01

The basic characteristic of 120 degree C thermoluminescence peak of iceland spar was studied. The experimental result indicates the longevity of 120 degree C thermoluminescence peak of iceland spar is about 2 h under 30 degree C. The thermoluminescence peak moves to the high temperature when the heating speed increasing. The intensity of 120 degree C thermoluminescence peak of iceland spar is directly proportional to radiation dose under 15 Gy. (authors)

Modification of Optical Properties of Seawater Exposed to Oil Contaminants Based on Excitation-Emission Spectra

Science.gov (United States)

Baszanowska, E.; Otremba, Z.

2015-10-01

The optical behaviour of seawater exposed to a residual amount of oil pollution is presented and a comparison of the fluorescence spectra of oil dissolved in both n-hexane and seawater is discussed based on excitation-emission spectra. Crude oil extracted from the southern part of the Baltic Sea was used to characterise petroleum properties after contact with seawater. The wavelength-independent fluorescence maximum for natural seawater and seawater artificially polluted with oil were determined. Moreover, the specific excitation-emission peaks for natural seawater and polluted water were analysed to identify the natural organic matter composition. It was found that fluorescence spectra identification is a promising method to detect even an extremely low concentration of petroleum residues directly in the seawater. In addition, alien substances disturbing the fluorescence signatures of natural organic substances in a marine environment is also discussed.

Fourier transform infrared emission spectra of atomic rubidium: g- and h-states

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Civiš, Svatopluk; Ferus, Martin; Kubelík, Petr; Chernov, Vladislav E.; Zanozina, Ekaterina M.

2012-01-01

Roč. 45, č. 17 (2012), s. 175002 ISSN 0953-4075 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAAX00100903 Institutional support: RVO:61388955 Keywords : Fourier transform infrared emission spectra * atomic rubidium * physical chemistry Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 2.031, year: 2012

Time-space distribution of laser-induced plasma parameters and its influence on emission spectra of the laser plumes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ershov-Pavlov, E.A.; Katsalap, K.Yu.; Stepanov, K.L.; Stankevich, Yu.A.

2008-01-01

A physical model is developed accounting for dynamics and radiation of plasma plumes induced by nanosecond laser pulses on surface of solid samples. The model has been applied to simulate emission spectra of the laser erosion plasma at the elemental analysis of metals using single- and double-pulse excitation modes. Dynamics of the sample heating and expansion of the erosion products are accounted for by the thermal conductivity and gas dynamic equations, respectively, supposing axial symmetry. Using the resulting time-space distributions of the plasma parameters, emission spectra of the laser plumes are evaluated by solving the radiation transfer equation. Particle concentration in consecutive ionization stages is described by the Saha equation in the Debye approximation. The population of excited levels is determined according to Boltzmann distribution. Local characteristics determining spectral emission and absorption coefficients are obtained point-by-point along an observation line. Voigt spectral line profiles are considered with main broadening mechanisms taken into account. The plasma dynamics and plume emission spectra have been studied experimentally and by the model. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm wavelength has been used to irradiate Al sample with the pulses of 15 ns and 50 mJ duration and energy, respectively. It has resulted in maximum power density of 0.8 MW/cm 2 on the sample surface. The laser plume emission spectra have been recorded at a side-on observation. Problems of the spectra contrast and of the elemental analysis efficiency are considered relying on a comparative study of the measurement and simulation results at the both excitation modes

Emission spectra of gaseous avalanches and their time structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fraga, M.M.; Lima, E.P. de; Marques, R.F.; Policarpo, A.J.P.L.; Alves, M.A.F.; Salete, M.; Leite, S.C.P.

1993-01-01

Following previous measurements in argon/methane mixtures, the authors now report on the emission spectra of argon/ethane and methane/ethane mixtures, in the region from 120 to 450 nm, for a single wire chamber working in the proportional and/or self-quenching streamer modes. Identification of radicals and fragments is attempted. The time evolution of VUV light, relevant to photon feedback processes, is presented for the CI lines at 156.1 and 165.7nm in argon/methane, argon/ethane and methane/ethane mixtures

Numerical analysis of thermoluminescence glow curves

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomez Ros, J. M.; Delgado, A.

1989-01-01

This report presents a method for the numerical analysis of complex thermoluminescence glow curves resolving the individual glow peak components. The method employs first order kinetics analytical expressions and is based In a Marquart-Levenberg minimization procedure. A simplified version of this method for thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) is also described and specifically developed to operate whit Lithium Fluoride TLD-100. (Author). 36 refs

Personal radiation monitoring with thermoluminescent dosemeters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miano, S.C.

1987-01-01

The technique of personal dosimetry used by SAPRA (Servico de Assessoria e Protecao Radiologica S/C Ltda., Brazil) is presented. Thermoluminescent monitors and CaSO 4 : Dy are used in pastilles united by teflon. Characteristics of the dosemeters are briefly reported. The system of thermoluminescent measurement, designed and constructed by SAPRA, and the system of personal monitoring are described. (M.A.C.) [pt

Clay as Thermoluminescence Dosemeter in diagnostic Radiology ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This paper reports the investigation of the basic thermoluminescence properties of clay at x-rays in the diagnostic radiology range, including dose monitoring in abdominal radiography. Clay sourced from Calabar, Nigeria, was tested for thermoluminescence response after irradiation at diagnostic radiology doses, including ...

Modification of erbium photoluminescence excitation spectra for the emission wavelength 1.54 μm in mesoscopic structures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaponenko, N.V.; Unuchak, D.M.; Mudryi, A.V.; Malyarevich, G.K.; Gusev, O.B.; Stepikhova, M.V.; Krasilnikova, L.V.; Stupak, A.P.; Kleshcheva, S.M.; Samoilovich, M.I.; Tsvetkov, M.Yu.

2006-01-01

Photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra for the emission wavelength 1.54 μm were studied for erbium-doped xerogels embedded in artificial opals and porous anodic alumina films. Opals were chosen with photonic stop-band in green spectral range, where excitation of 1.54 μm occurs most efficiently. In comparison to the structure erbium-doped titania xerogel/porous anodic alumina/silicon the photoluminescence excitation spectra for 1.54 μm emission wavelength significantly changes for the same xerogels embedded in artificial opals. Enhancement of erbium-related 1.54 μm emission was observed from the structure Fe 2 O 3 xerogel/porous anodic alumina fabricated on silicon, having some incompletely anodized aluminium, under excitation with either the lasing source at 532 nm or xenon lamp. Evident difference in PLE spectra for erbium doped TiO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 xerogels in porous anodic alumina is observed

Thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence properties of Dy{sup 3+}-doped CaO–Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}–B{sub 2}O{sub 3}-based glasses

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yahaba, T., E-mail: takuma.yahaba.s1@dc.tohoku.ac.jp [Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); Fujimoto, Y. [Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan); Yanagida, T. [Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma 630-0192 (Japan); Koshimizu, M.; Tanaka, H.; Saeki, K.; Asai, K. [Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan)

2017-02-01

We developed Dy{sup 3+}-doped CaO–Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}–B{sub 2}O{sub 3} based glasses with Dy concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mol% using a melt-quenching technique. The as-synthesized glasses were applicable as materials exhibiting thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). The optical and radiation response properties of the glasses were characterized. In the photoluminescence (PL) spectra, two emission bands due to the {sup 4}F{sub 9/2} → {sup 6}H{sub 15/2} and {sup 4}F{sub 9/2} → {sup 6}H{sub 13/2} transitions of Dy{sup 3+} were observed at 480 and 580 nm. In the OSL spectra, the emission band due to the {sup 4}F{sub 9/2} → {sup 6}H{sub 15/2} transition of Dy{sup 3+} was observed. Excellent TL and OSL responses were observed for dose ranges of 0.1–90 Gy. In addition, TL fading behavior was better than that of OSL in term of the long-time storage. These results indicate that the Dy{sup 3+}-doped CaO–Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}–B{sub 2}O{sub 3}-based glasses are applicable as TL materials.

Thermoluminescent behavior of polyminerals from irradiated natural species (peppermint, pepper and origanum)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cruz Z, E.; Calderon, T.; Pineda, S.; Guzman M, A.; Gastelum, S.; Barboza F, M.; Calderon, T.

2003-01-01

The thermoluminescent behaviour of polyminerals from natural species was obtained in order to identify irradiated samples. The polyminerals was separated from organic part in the samples using methanol-water mixed 40:60. The commercial samples was exposured from 1 to 40 kGy in Gammabeam 651PT facility irradiator at National University of Mexico (UNAM). The glow curves from polyminerals shows a good behaviour for each dose, and the TL emission decays was present for 180 days storage in a dark room at room temperature. The maximum TL signals was located in around 220 for the samples, it is closely to TL emission from quartz and feldspars. (Author)

High resolution krypton M/sub 4,5/ x-ray emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perera, R.C.C.; Hettrick, M.C.; Lindle, D.W.

1987-10-01

High resolution M/sub 4,5/ (3d → 4p) x-ray emission spectra from a krypton plasma were measured using a recently developed grazing-incidence reflection-grating monochromator/spectrometer with very high flux rates at extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray wave lengths. The nominal resolving power of the instrument, E/ΔE, is about 300 in this energy range (∼80 eV). Three dipole-allowed 3d → 4p emission lines were observed at 80.98 eV, 80.35 eV and 79.73 eV. A broad peak at about 82.3 eV is tentatively assigned to transitions resulting from Kr 2+ , and effects of excitation energy on M/sub 4,5/ x-ray emission were observed. 9 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab

Thermoluminescence method for detection of irradiated food

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pinnioja, S.

1998-01-01

A method of thermoluminescence (TL) analysis was developed for the detection of irradiated foods. The TL method is based on the determination of thermoluminescence of adhering or contaminating minerals separated from foods by wet sieving and treatment with high density liquid. Carbon tetrachloride provided a suitable alternative for foods that form gels with water. Thermoluminescence response of minerals in a first TL measurement is normalised with a second TL measurement of the same mineral sample after calibration irradiation to a dose of 5 kGy. The decision about irradiation is made on the basis of a comparison of the two TL spectra: if the two TL glow curves match in shape and intensity the sample has been irradiated, and if they are clearly different it has not been irradiated. An attractive feature of TL analysis is that the mineral material itself is used for calibration; no reference material is required. Foods of interest in the investigation were herbs, spices, berries and seafood. The presence of minerals in samples is a criterion for application of the method, and appropriate minerals were found in all herbs, spices and berries. The most common minerals in terrestrial food were tecto-silicates - quartz and feldspars - which with their intense and stable thermoluminescence were well suited for the analysis. Mica proved to be useless for detection purposes, whereas carbonate in the form of calcite separated from intestines of seafood was acceptable. Fading of the TL signal is considerable in the low temperature part of the glow curve during a storage of several months after irradiation. However, spices and herbs could easily be identified as irradiated even after two years storage. Conditions for seafood, which is stored in a freezer, are different, and only slight fading was observed after one year. The effect of mineral composition and structure on TL was studied for feldspars. Feldspars originating from subtropical and tropical regions exhibit lower TL

Thermoluminescence method for detection of irradiated food

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pinnioja, S

1998-12-31

A method of thermoluminescence (TL) analysis was developed for the detection of irradiated foods. The TL method is based on the determination of thermoluminescence of adhering or contaminating minerals separated from foods by wet sieving and treatment with high density liquid. Carbon tetrachloride provided a suitable alternative for foods that form gels with water. Thermoluminescence response of minerals in a first TL measurement is normalised with a second TL measurement of the same mineral sample after calibration irradiation to a dose of 5 kGy. The decision about irradiation is made on the basis of a comparison of the two TL spectra: if the two TL glow curves match in shape and intensity the sample has been irradiated, and if they are clearly different it has not been irradiated. An attractive feature of TL analysis is that the mineral material itself is used for calibration; no reference material is required. Foods of interest in the investigation were herbs, spices, berries and seafood. The presence of minerals in samples is a criterion for application of the method, and appropriate minerals were found in all herbs, spices and berries. The most common minerals in terrestrial food were tecto-silicates - quartz and feldspars - which with their intense and stable thermoluminescence were well suited for the analysis. Mica proved to be useless for detection purposes, whereas carbonate in the form of calcite separated from intestines of seafood was acceptable. Fading of the TL signal is considerable in the low temperature part of the glow curve during a storage of several months after irradiation. However, spices and herbs could easily be identified as irradiated even after two years storage. Conditions for seafood, which is stored in a freezer, are different, and only slight fading was observed after one year. The effect of mineral composition and structure on TL was studied for feldspars. Feldspars originating from subtropical and tropical regions exhibit lower TL

EMISSION LINES BETWEEN 1 AND 2 keV IN COMETARY X-RAY SPECTRA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ewing, Ian; Christian, Damian J. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330 (United States); Bodewits, Dennis [Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 (United States); Dennerl, Konrad [Max-Planck-Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik, Postfach 1312, D-85741 Garching Germany (Germany); Lisse, Carey M. [Planetary Exploration Group, Space Department, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 (United States); Wolk, Scott J., E-mail: ian.ewing.794@my.csun.edu, E-mail: daman.christian@csun.edu [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)

2013-01-20

We present the detection of new cometary X-ray emission lines in the 1.0-2.0 keV range using a sample of comets observed with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory and ACIS spectrometer. We have selected five comets from the Chandra sample with good signal-to-noise spectra. The surveyed comets are C/1999 S4 (LINEAR), C/1999 T1 (McNaught-Hartley), 153P/2002 (Ikeya-Zhang), 2P/2003 (Encke), and C/2008 8P (Tuttle). We modeled the spectra with an extended version of our solar wind charge exchange (SWCX) emission model. Above 1 keV, we find Ikeya-Zhang to have strong emission lines at 1340 and 1850 eV which we identify as being created by SWCX lines of Mg XI and Si XIII, respectively, and weaker emission lines at 1470, 1600, and 1950 eV formed by SWCX of Mg XII, Mg XI, and Si XIV, respectively. The Mg XI and XII and Si XIII and XIV lines are detected at a significant level for the other comets in our sample (LS4, MH, Encke, 8P), and these lines promise additional diagnostics to be included in SWCX models. The silicon lines in the 1700-2000 eV range are detected for all comets, but with the rising background and decreasing cometary emission, we caution that these detections need further confirmation with higher resolution instruments.

Thermoluminescent kinetic parameters of the perovskite, KMgF3, activated with lanthanum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sepulveda M, F.; Azorin N, J.; Rivera M, T.; Furetta, C.; Sanipoli, C.

2004-01-01

The thermoluminescent curves induced by the beta radiation in the perovskite KMgF 3 were investigated activated with lanthanum. The classic methods were used to determine the kinetic parameters (the kinetic order b, the activation energy E and the frequency of escape intent s) associated with the peaks of the thermoluminescent curve (Tl) in the KMgF 3 activated with lanthanum after the irradiation with beta rays. The method is based on the position of the thermoluminescent peaks, obtained of the temperature change of the peak in the maximum emission caused by the change in the heating rapidity to which the samples were measured. In this work, the samples in form of pellets were re cooked previously at 400 C during one hour before irradiating them with beta particles. The Tl measures were made with a Tl reader system using three different heating rapidities and storing the glow curves. To calculate the depth of the E traps and the frequency factor s, the parameters of the glow curve were determined experimentally of the shame of the glow curve by means of the mensuration of the shame of the maximum temperature of the peak, T M like a function of the heating rapidity. The results indicate that the values of the kinetic parameters are very near among if when they are obtained indistinctly of anyone of the different methods. (Author)

Comparative study of the thermoluminescence between the materials {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}:C, KCl:Eu{sup 2+}, KBr: Eu{sup 2+} and VYCOR; Estudio comparativo de la termoluminiscencia entre los materiales {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}: C, KCl:Eu{sup 2+}, KBr: Eu{sup 2+} y VYCOR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pedroza M, M. [Programa de Posgrado en Fisica de Materiales, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, Apdo. Postal 2681, C.P. 22800, Ensenada, Baja California (Mexico); Melendrez, R.; Perez S, R.; Aceves, R.; Piters, T.M.; Barboza F, M. [Centro de Investigacion en Fisica, Universidad de Sonora, Apdo. Postal 5-088, C.P. 83190 Hermosillo, Sonora (Mexico)

1999-07-01

It is presented some investigation results related to the thermoluminescence curves (Tl), Tl emission and the spectra of excitation of thermoluminescence in the ultraviolet region of 190 to 250 nm in the materials {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}:C, KCl: Eu{sup 2+}, KBr: Eu{sup 2+} and the Vycor glass. It was able to be observed that the Tl emission for the first three materials exists around 420 nm and in the case of Vycor the emission consists of two Tl peaks where the most low temperature is a band more wide centered in 460 nm and the other band of high temperature emits in 470 nm. In the excitation curves of Tl were obtained centered bands around 230 nm for KCl: Eu{sup 2+}, 235 nm for KBr: Eu{sup 2+}, 220 nm for the alumina and 195 nm for the Vycor. From the results it was able to be appreciated that this last has a minor relative intensity with respect to the others materials but also the region in which works there was an alone band between the 190 to 205 nm. This fact makes the material be very selective in the ultraviolet region of greatest energy. (Author)

Thermoluminescent dosimetry and assessment of personal dose

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boas, J.F.; Martin, L.J.; Young, J.G.

1982-01-01

Thermoluminescence is discussed in terms of the energy band structure of a crystalline solid and the trapping of charge carriers by point defects. Some general properties of thermoluminescent materials used for dosimetry are outlined, with thermoluminescence of CaSO 4 :Dy being described in detail. The energy response function and the modification of the energy response of a dosimeter by shielding are discussed. The final section covers the connection between exposure, as recorded by a TLD badge, and the absorbed dose to various organs from gamma radiation in a uranium mine; the conversion from absorbed dose to dose equivalent; and uncertainties in assessment of dose equivalent

Accounting for many-body correlation effects in the calculation of the valence band photoelectron emission spectra of ferromagnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Minar, J.; Chadov, S.; Ebert, H.; Chioncel, L.; Lichtenstein, A.; De Nadai, C.; Brookes, N.B.

2005-01-01

The influence of dynamical correlation effects on the valence band photoelectron emission of ferromagnetic Fe, Co and Ni has been investigated. Angle-resolved as well as angle-integrated valence band photoelectron emission spectra were calculated on the basis of the one-particle Green's function, which was obtained by using the fully relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method. The correlation effects have been included in terms of the electronic self-energy which was calculated self-consistently within Dynamical Mean-Field Theory (DMFT). In addition a theoretical approach to calculate high-energy angle-resolved valence band photoelectron emission spectra is presented

Photoluminescence, afterglow and thermoluminescence in SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ irradiated with blue and UV light

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chernov, V.; Piters, T.M.; Melendrez, R.; Yen, W.M.; Cruz-Zaragoza, E.; Barboza-Flores, M.

2007-01-01

The luminescence in SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ under continuous excitation is quite different from the 'standard' intra-ion photoluminescence (PL) and gradually grows during hundreds of seconds before reaching the saturation (photo-charging effect). In this work, we report the behavior of photo-charging effect under the blue and UV light irradiation at temperatures between 20 and 370 K, as well as afterglow (AG) and thermoluminescence (TL) observed after the irradiation termination. At 20 K the photo-charging effect is absent. With increasing temperature the photo-charging effect appears as a result of PL decreasing due to competitive trapping process with activation energy of 0.17 eV. The AG decay curves are described well by the Becquerel's law with the exponent close to 1. The AG decay time is about 10-50 s and practically does not depend on temperature. The TL glow curve exhibits at least seven partially overlapped peaks with maxima at 50, 65, 80, 155, 200, 250 and 290 K. The emission spectra of Eu 2+ consist of two bands at 450 and 520 nm. Both the bands are the same for the PL, AG and TL spectra, but their ratio depends on temperature and the luminescence type

INTEGRAL hard X-ray spectra of the cosmic X-ray background and Galactic ridge emission

Science.gov (United States)

Türler, M.; Chernyakova, M.; Courvoisier, T. J.-L.; Lubiński, P.; Neronov, A.; Produit, N.; Walter, R.

2010-03-01

Aims: We derive the spectra of the cosmic X-ray background (CXB) and of the Galactic ridge X-ray emission (GRXE) in the ~20-200 keV range from the data of the IBIS instrument aboard the INTEGRAL satellite obtained during the four dedicated Earth-occultation observations in early 2006. Methods: We analyze the modulation of the IBIS/ISGRI detector counts induced by the passage of the Earth through the field of view of the instrument. Unlike previous studies, we do not fix the spectral shape of the various contributions, but model instead their spatial distribution and derive for each of them the expected modulation of the detector counts. The spectra of the diffuse emission components are obtained by fitting the normalizations of the model lightcurves to the observed modulation in different energy bins. Because of degeneracy, we guide the fits with a realistic choice of the input parameters and a constraint for spectral smoothness. Results: The obtained CXB spectrum is consistent with the historic HEAO-1 results and falls slightly below the spectrum derived with Swift/BAT. A 10% higher normalization of the CXB cannot be completely excluded, but it would imply an unrealistically high albedo of the Earth. The derived spectrum of the GRXE confirms the presence of a minimum around 80 keV with improved statistics and yields an estimate of ~0.6 M⊙ for the average mass of white dwarfs in the Galaxy. The analysis also provides updated normalizations for the spectra of the Earth's albedo and the cosmic-ray induced atmospheric emission. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the potential of INTEGRAL Earth-occultation observations to derive the hard X-ray spectra of three fundamental components: the CXB, the GRXE and the Earth emission. Further observations would be extremely valuable to confirm our results with improved statistics.

Investigations on low temperature thermoluminescence centres in quartz

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernhardt, H.

1984-01-01

The present paper will help to understand the often investigated process of thermoluminescence of quartz which is of high complexity. A lot of traps exist in quartz crystals which compete with each other with respect to the trapping of charge carriers during the X-ray treatment. That is why a variety of processes takes place after X-irradiation at liquid nitrogen temperature (LNT) of quartz which complicate the phenomenology of low temperature thermoluminescence. This competition in the trapping process leads to the so-called 'sensibilization' or 'desensibilization' effects of thermoluminescence, respectively, which are described in this paper for the first time. This effect means the dependence of the LNT thermoluminescence intensity on a pre-irradiation dose applied at room temperature (RT). The influence of this pre-irradiation is understood assuming the saturation of competitive traps. This favours an enhanced trapping of charge carriers at LNT-(shallow) traps instead of the preferential trapping on the deep traps in the case of X-ray treatment of the as-grown crystal at LNT. To get the afore mentioned model we take into account not only thermoluminescence but also coloration, ir- and vuv-absorption measurements. (author)

Dental tissue as a thermoluminescence dosimetry dosimeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Solaimani, F.; Zahmatkesh, M.H.; Akhlaghpoor, Sh.

2003-01-01

Background: Thermoluminescence dosimetry is one of the dosimetry procedures used widely as routine and personal dosimeters. In order to extend this kind of dosimeters, dental tissue has been examined and was found promising as a Thermoluminescence Dosimetry dosimeter. Materials and Methods: In this study, 70 health teeth were collected. The only criterion, wich was considered for selection of the teeth, was the healthiness of them regardless of age and gender of the donors. All collected samples were washed and cleaned and milled uniformly. The final powder had a uniform grain size between 100-300 micrometer. The sample was divided into four groups. Group A and B were used for measurement of density and investigation of variation of thermoluminescent characteristics with temperature respectively. Groups C and D were used for investigation of variation of thermoluminescent intensity with dose and fading of this intensity with time. In all cases the results obtained with dental tissue were compared to a standard LiF, thermoluminescence dosimetry dosimeter. Results: It was found that, average density of the dental tissue was 1.570 g/cm 3 , which is comparable to density of LiF, which is 1.612g/cm 3 . It was also concluded that the range of 0-300 d ig C , dental tissue has a simple curve with two specific peaks at 140 and 25 d ig C respectively. The experiment also showed that, the variation of relative intensity versus dose is linear in the range of 0.04-0.1 Gy. The fading rate of dental tissue is higher than LiF but still in the acceptable range (14% per month in compare to 5.2% per month). Conclusion: Dental tissue as a natural dosimeter is comparable with Thermoluminescence Dosimetry and can be used in accidental events with a good approximation

Investigation of the neutron emission spectra of some deformed nuclei for (n, xn) reactions up to 26 MeV energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaplan, A.; Bueyuekuslu, H.; Tel, E.; Aydin, A.; Boeluekdemir, M.H.

2011-01-01

In this study, neutron-emission spectra produced by (n, xn) reactions up to 26 MeV for some deformed target nuclei as 165 Ho, 181 Ta, 184 W, 232 Th and 238 U have been investigated. Also, the mean free path parameter's effect for 9n, xn) neutron-emission spectra has been examined. In the calculations, pre-equilibrium neutron-emission spectra have been calculated by using new evaluated hybrid model and geometry dependent hybrid model, full exciton model and cascade exciton model. The reaction equilibrium component has been calculated by Weisskopf-Ewing model. The obtained results have been discussed and compared with the available experimental data and found agreement with each other. (author)

Mid-infrared emission and Raman spectra analysis of Er(3+)-doped oxyfluorotellurite glasses.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Fangze; Xu, Shaoqiong; Wei, Tao; Wang, Fengchao; Cai, Muzhi; Tian, Ying; Xu, Shiqing

2015-04-10

This paper reports on the spectroscopic and structural properties in Er(3+)-doped oxyfluorotellurite glasses. The compositional variation accounts for the evolutions of Raman spectra, Judd-Ofelt parameters, radiative properties, and fluorescent emission. It is found that, when maximum phonon energy changes slightly, phonon density plays a crucial role in quenching the 2.7 μm emission generated by the Er(3+):(4)I11/2→(4)I13/2 transition. The comparative low phonon density contributes strong 2.7 μm emission intensity. The high branching ratio (18.63%) and large emission cross section (0.95×10(-20)  cm(2)) demonstrate that oxyfluorotellurite glass contained with 50 mol.% TeO2 has potential application in the mid-infrared region laser.

Emission from water vapor and absorption from other gases at 5-7.5 μm in Spitzer-IRS Spectra Of Protoplanetary Disks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sargent, B. A. [Center for Imaging Science and Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, Rochester Institute of Technology, 54 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623 (United States); Forrest, W.; Watson, Dan M.; Kim, K. H.; Richter, I.; Tayrien, C. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 (United States); D' Alessio, P.; Calvet, N. [Department of Astronomy, The University of Michigan, 500 Church Street, 830 Dennison Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (United States); Furlan, E. [National Optical Astronomy Observatory, 950 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719 (United States); Green, J. [Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712 (United States); Pontoppidan, K., E-mail: baspci@rit.edu [Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States)

2014-09-10

We present spectra of 13 T Tauri stars in the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region showing emission in Spitzer Space Telescope Infrared Spectrograph 5-7.5 μm spectra from water vapor and absorption from other gases in these stars' protoplanetary disks. Seven stars' spectra show an emission feature at 6.6 μm due to the ν{sub 2} = 1-0 bending mode of water vapor, with the shape of the spectrum suggesting water vapor temperatures >500 K, though some of these spectra also show indications of an absorption band, likely from another molecule. This water vapor emission contrasts with the absorption from warm water vapor seen in the spectrum of the FU Orionis star V1057 Cyg. The other 6 of the 13 stars have spectra showing a strong absorption band, peaking in strength at 5.6-5.7 μm, which for some is consistent with gaseous formaldehyde (H{sub 2}CO) and for others is consistent with gaseous formic acid (HCOOH). There are indications that some of these six stars may also have weak water vapor emission. Modeling of these stars' spectra suggests these gases are present in the inner few AU of their host disks, consistent with recent studies of infrared spectra showing gas in protoplanetary disks.

Thermoluminescence of laterites: applicability in dating

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sankaran, A.V.; Nambi, K.S.V.; Sunta, C.M.

1985-01-01

The northward drift of the Indian subcontinent during the past geological periods brought it under the spell of humid tropical climate in post-mesozoic times which initiated chemical weathering processes (lateritization) of the ancient crustal rocks leading to neomineralization. In the present study, thermoluminescence (TL) of these 'later-formed minerals' has been used to date laterites from a number of localities in India. While the TL emission of most of the laterite samples was poor, three from Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka states, each derived from mineralogically dissimilar parent rock, yielded measurable TL and provided dates in the range of 2 to 3.6 x 10 5 yr. It is suggested that TL dating can be a promising tool for such samples, and especially those with low alpha activity (U, Th at sub-ppm levels). (author)

Thermoluminescence of laterites: applicability in dating

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sankaran, A V; Nambi, K S.V.; Sunta, C M

1985-01-01

The northward drift of the Indian subcontinent during the past geological periods brought it under the spell of humid tropical climate in post-mesozoic times which initiated chemical weathering processes (lateritization) of the ancient crustal rocks leading to neomineralization. In the present study, thermoluminescence (TL) of these 'later-formed minerals' has been used to date laterites from a number of localities in India. While the TL emission of most of the laterite samples was poor, three from Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka states, each derived from mineralogically dissimilar parent rock, yielded measurable TL and provided dates in the range of 2 to 3.6 x 10/sup 5/ yr. It is suggested that TL dating can be a promising tool for such samples, and especially those with low alpha activity (U, Th at sub-ppm levels).

Bound-bound transitions in the emission spectra of Ba+-He excimer

Science.gov (United States)

Moroshkin, P.; Kono, K.

2016-05-01

We present an experimental and theoretical study of the emission and absorption spectra of the Ba+ ions and Ba+*He excimer quasimolecules in the cryogenic Ba-He plasma. We observe several spectral features in the emission spectrum, which we assign to the electronic transitions between bound states of the excimer correlating to the 6 2P3 /2 and 5 2D3 /2 ,5 /2 states of Ba+. The resulting Ba+(5 2DJ) He is a metastable electronically excited complex with orbital angular momentum L =2 , thus expanding the family of known metal-helium quasimolecules. It might be suitable for high-resolution spectroscopic studies and for the search for new polyatomic exciplex structures.

A theoretical description of complex thermoluminescence curves: Pt. 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kantorovich, L.N.; Fogel, G.M.; Gotlib, V.I.

1988-01-01

Thermoluminescence kinetics has been discussed within the framework of a band model assuming an extensive retrapping of charge carriers in comparison with their recombination. Assuming that a luminophor has one type of recombination centre and an arbitrary number of trapping centres we succeeded in analysing complex thermoluminescence curves with an arbitrary number of peaks. It has been shown for an elementary peak that its form almost coincides with the Randall-Wilkins curve, and its intensity is proportional to the square of the absorbed dose. The effect of both the processes of localised charge carriers accumulation (irradiation and isothermal decay) and their redistribution on trapping centres during the thermoluminescence process have been dealt with taking into account the form and intensity of the thermoluminescence peaks. (author)

TELDE thermoluminescent dosimetry system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shvarts, K.K.; Nemiro, E.A.; Bichev, V.R.; Gotlib, V.I.; Grant, Z.A.; Grube, M.M.; Gubatova, D.J.

1981-01-01

The TELDE dosimetric set designed for measurement of x- and γ- rays doses with energy more than 10 keV is described. The set consists of thermoluminescent detectors from LiF (Ca, Mg, Ti). The detectors are polycrystalline pellets with diameter 3.5+-0.3 mm and thickness 2+-0.2 mm. In the thermoluminescence detectors both the peak and integral measurement methods are realized. Apart from this the TELDE set comprises the electron unit for the pre-irradiation thermal treatment of detectors, special bones for detectors storage and transportation, devices for their package in polyethelene film and containers to wear the detectors. The TELDE set allows to perform measurements on people or animals in radiobiological experiments as well as in water, solid or porous phantoms [ru

Spatial-Resolved Measurement and Analysis of Extreme-Ultraviolet Emission Spectra from Laser-Produced Al Plasmas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cao Shi-Quan; Su Mao-Gen; Sun Dui-Xiong; Min Qi; Dong Chen-Zhong

2016-01-01

Extreme ultraviolet emission from laser-produced Al plasma is experimentally and theoretically investigated. Spatial-evolution emission spectra are measured by using the spatio-temporally resolved laser produced plasma technique. Based on the assumptions of a normalized Boltzmann distribution among the excited states and a steady-state collisional-radiative model, we succeed in reproducing the spectra at different detection positions, which are in good agreement with experiments. The decay curves about the electron temperature and electron density, as well as the fractions of individual Al ions and average ionization stage with increasing the detection distance are obtained by comparison with the experimental measurements. These parameters are critical points for deeply understanding the expanding and cooling of laser produced plasmas in vacuum. (paper)

Thermoluminescent dosimetric properties of CaF{sub 2}:Tm produced by combustion synthesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vasconcelos, D.A.A. de; Khoury, H.J.; Asfora, V.K.; Barros, V.S.M. [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Energia Nuclear; Oliveira, R.A.P. [Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco (IPCM/UNIVASF), Juazeiro, BA (Brazil). Instituto de Pesquisa em Ciencias dos Materiais. Departamento de Energia Nuclear

2015-07-01

Calcium Fluoride is one of the oldest known thermoluminescent materials and is considered to be one of the most sensitive. In particular for thulium doped CaF{sub 2}, since it was introduced in 1977 by Lucas and Kapsar, besides gamma radiation dosimetry, there have been several attempts for its use in application involving mixed radiation fields (ex.: neutron and gamma; alpha and beta), low energy photons, π- dosimetry and neutrino detection. Research for novel improved methods of fabrication are ongoing. This work presents the dosimetric properties results of CaF{sub 2}:Tm produced by combustion synthesis. The X-ray diffraction (Brucker D2 Phaser) confirmed that CaF{sub 2} was successfully produced. Samples were irradiated in a Co-60 (Gammacell 220 Nordion) and Cs-137 (STS/OB-85) gamma sources for high and low doses, respectively. TL emission spectra, obtained using a Hammamatsu optical spectrometer, has the same lines of commercial CaF{sub 2}:Tm, although transitions {sup 3}P{sub 0} → {sup 3}F{sub 4} (455 nm) and {sup 1}G{sub 4}→ {sup 3}H{sub 6} (482 nm) are shown to be proportionally more intense. The dose response lower limit is in the range of 100 μGy. Thermoluminescence glow curves were obtained in a Harshaw 3500 TL reader. The deconvolution technique was employed and seven glow peaks were found as well as its kinetic parameters, similar to the commercial CaF{sub 2}:Tm. A linear dose response curve was obtained for the range 0.1 mGy to 50 Gy, with the onset of a supralinear behavior at 50 Gy up to 100 Gy. The minimum measurable dose for gamma (Cs- 137) was around 100 μGy for a 6.0 mm diameter by 1.0 mm in thickness pellet. Variation of the dose response due to fading was within 6% in 60 days. (author)

On-the-fly ab initio semiclassical dynamics: Emission spectra of oligothiophenes

Science.gov (United States)

Wehrle, Marius; Sulc, Miroslav; Vanicek, Jiri

2014-03-01

We employ the thawed Gaussian approximation (TGA) [E. J. Heller, J. Chem. Phys. 62, 1544 (1975)] within an on-the-fly ab initio (OTF-AI) scheme to calculate the vibrationally resolved emission spectra of oligothiophenes up to five rings. OTF-AI-TGA is efficient enough to treat all vibrational degrees of freedom on an equal footing even in case of 5-oligothiophene (105 vibrational degrees of freedom), thus obviating the need for the crude global harmonic approximation, popular for large system. The experimental emission spectra have been almost perfectly reproduced. In order to provide a deeper insight into the associated physical and chemical processes, we present a systematic approach to assess the importance and to analyze the mutual coupling of individual vibrational degrees of freedom during the dynamics. This allows us to explain the changes in the vibrational line shapes of the oligothiophenes with increasing number of rings. Furthermore, we observe the dynamical interplay between quinoid and aromatic characters of individual rings in the oligothiophene chain during the dynamics and confirm that the quinoid character prevails in the center of the chain. This research was supported by the Swiss NSF Grant No. 200021_124936/1 and NCCR Molecular Ultrafast Science & Technology (MUST), and by the EPFL.

Thermoluminescence in alkali halides irradiated at 80K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jimenez de Castro, M.

1978-01-01

The thermoluminescence, the thermally stimulated currents and the thermal stability of the F centres induced in pure NaCl and KC1 crystals by X irradiation at 80K have been studied in detail, in the range between 80 and 300K. The thermoluminescent processes induced by illumination at 80K with F light in samples previously irradiated at room temperature has also been studied. It has been clearly observed the existence of thermoluminescent processes due to electrons and holes thermally released from traps, in which the F centres are not involved. The existence of hole-F centre recombination has not been observed. There are several thermoluminescent processes in both materials which are scribed to the recombination of F centres with mobile interstitial halogen atoms thermally released from traps, which are likely monovalent impurities in this temperature interval. The light emitting stage in these processes is originated by the formation of self trapped excitons. (Author) 66 refs

Inferring physical properties of galaxies from their emission-line spectra

Science.gov (United States)

Ucci, G.; Ferrara, A.; Gallerani, S.; Pallottini, A.

2017-02-01

We present a new approach based on Supervised Machine Learning algorithms to infer key physical properties of galaxies (density, metallicity, column density and ionization parameter) from their emission-line spectra. We introduce a numerical code (called GAME, GAlaxy Machine learning for Emission lines) implementing this method and test it extensively. GAME delivers excellent predictive performances, especially for estimates of metallicity and column densities. We compare GAME with the most widely used diagnostics (e.g. R23, [N II] λ6584/Hα indicators) showing that it provides much better accuracy and wider applicability range. GAME is particularly suitable for use in combination with Integral Field Unit spectroscopy, both for rest-frame optical/UV nebular lines and far-infrared/sub-millimeter lines arising from photodissociation regions. Finally, GAME can also be applied to the analysis of synthetic galaxy maps built from numerical simulations.

Equipment for observing thermoluminescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sette Camara, Alexandre; Cogneau, Michel; Ristori, Christian; Vargas, Jose Israel

1971-06-01

A detailed description is given of an apparatus for investigating thermoluminescence properties. Chopping of the emitted light and subsequent amplification of the electric signal derived led to high stability and sensitivity [fr

Photoluminescent and Thermoluminescent Studies of Dy3+ and Eu3+ Doped Y2O3 Phosphors.

Science.gov (United States)

Verma, Tarkeshwari; Agrawal, Sadhana

2018-01-01

Eu 3+ doped and Dy 3+ codoped yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ) phosphors have been prepared using solid-state reaction technique (SSR). The prepared phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Photoluminescence (PL) and Thermoluminescence (TL) properties were studied in detail. PL emission spectra were recorded for prepared phosphors under excitation wavelength 254 nm, which show a high intense peak at 613 nm for Y 2 O 3 :Dy 3+ , Eu 3+ (1:1.5 mol %) phosphor. The correlated color temperature (CCT) and CIE analysis have been performed for the synthesized phosphors. TL glow curves were recorded for Eu 3+ doped and Dy 3+ codoped phosphors to study the heating rate effect and dose response. The kinetic parameters were calculated using peak shape method for UV and γ exposures through computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) technique. The phosphors show second order kinetics and activation energies varying from 5.823 × 10 - 1 to 18.608 × 10 - 1  eV.

VUV emission spectra from binary rare gas mixtures near the resonance lines of Xe I and Kr I

CERN Document Server

Morozov, A; Gerasimov, G; Arnesen, A; Hallin, R

2003-01-01

Emission spectra of Xe-X (X = He, Ne, Ar and Kr) and of Kr-Y (Y = He, Ne and Ar) mixtures with low concentrations of the heavier gases (0.1-1%) and moderate total pressures (50-200 hPa) have been recorded near each of the two resonance lines of Xe and Kr in DC glow capillary discharges. The recorded intense emissions have narrow spectral profiles with FWHM of about 0.1 nm. The profiles are very similar in shape to profiles of known high resolution absorption spectra recorded at comparable gas pressures. A tentative identification of the emission structures is given, which involves transitions in heteronuclear molecules and quasimolecules between weakly-bound states.

Thermoluminescent phosphor

Science.gov (United States)

Lasky, Jerome B.; Moran, Paul R.

1978-01-01

A thermoluminescent phosphor comprising LiF doped with boron and magnesium is produced by diffusion of boron into a conventional LiF phosphor doped with magnesium. Where the boron dopant is made to penetrate only the outer layer of the phosphor, it can be used to detect shallowly penetrating radiation such as tritium beta rays in the presence of a background of more penetrating radiation.

Thermoluminescence of SrAl_2O_4:Eu"2"+, Dy"3"+: dosimetric characteristics and evidence of glow-peak collocation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chithambo, M.L.

2016-01-01

The thermoluminescence of SrAl_2O_4:Eu"2"+, Dy"3"+ consists of collocated peaks whereby a dominant component subsumes subsidiary ones to such an extent that they appear as one; Qualitative and quantitative analysis of such cases will be described with suitable illustrative examples. The general features and qualitative kinetics properties of thermoluminescence from SrAl_2O_4:Eu"2"+, Dy"3"+ is reported. Measurements using X-ray excited optical luminescence show that stimulated luminescence from SrAl_2O_4:Eu"2"+, Dy"3"+ has two prominent emission bands, one at 475 nm and a more intense one near 575 nm, studied in this work. There are also weaker intensity emissions at 405, 510, 600 and 660 nm. The natural thermoluminescence measured at 1°C s"-"1 shows three peaks at 74, 170 and 340°C whereas 20 Gy beta-irradiation produces TL dominated by a single peak at 34°C. Analysis of this peak for its order of kinetics produces somewhat inconclusive results. The results of the partial heating procedure T_m - T_s_t_o_p are consistent with both first and second-order kinetics. On the other hand, the position of the peak is independent of dose for several ranges of doses implying that the apparently single peak consists of multiple first-order peaks. Complementary investigations using the fractional glow technique, resolution by isothermal heating and the effect of fading on the peak show that the glow-curve of SrAl_2O_4:Eu"2"+, Dy"3"+ comprises closely collocated thermoluminescence peaks. The implication of such complexity on kinetic analysis on this material and others that share this feature will be discussed. (author)

Thermoluminescence properties of graphene–nano ZnS composite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharma, Geeta; Gosavi, S.W.

2014-01-01

This work describes the thermoluminescence (TL) of graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and graphene–nano ZnS composite. Graphene oxide was synthesized using Hummer's method and then reduced to graphene by hydrazine hydrate. G–ZnS was synthesized via in-situ reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and zinc nitrate [Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ] by sodium sulfide (Na 2 S). The structures of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). XRD pattern confirmed the formation of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and G–ZnS lattice. The p-XRD spectrum of G–ZnS shows peaks of ZnS superimposed on those of graphene and the particle size of ZnS in the complex is less than 10 nm. Ultra thin graphene and graphene oxide sheets with size ranging between tens to several hundreds of square nanometers are observed in TEM images. The TEM micrographs of G–ZnS show that ZnS particles are embedded in graphene sheets and the average particle size of ZnS particles in the composite is less than 10 nm. Samples of RGO, GO and G–ZnS were exposed to different doses of γ-rays in the range of 1 Gy to 50 kGy. The reduced graphene oxide (RGO) did not show any thermoluminescence emission. The thermoluminescence glow curve of GO has a single broad peak whose peak position varied between 500 and 550 K with an absorbed dose increasing from 1 Gy to 5000 Gy. GO shows most intense TL peak, positioned at 523.6 K for a dose of 10 kGy. The glow curves of G–ZnS over the entire range of irradiation have single peak positioned between 492 and 527 K with variation in dose from 1 Gy to 50 kGy. G–ZnS shows the most intense TL glow curve for a dose of 50 kGy. The TL response curve of G–ZnS is found to be linear over a larger dose range from 1 Gy to 50 kGy whereas the response curve of GO shows linearity only at low doses up to 100 Gy. -- Highlights: • Graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and graphene–nano ZnS were synthesized. • TL of

Annual radiation dose in thermoluminescence dating

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Huhou

1988-01-01

The annual radiation dose in thermoluminescence dating has been discussed. The autor gives an entirely new concept of the enviromental radiation in the thermoluminescence dating. Methods of annual dose detemination used by author are dating. Methods of annual dose determination used by author are summed up, and the results of different methods are compared. The emanium escapiug of three radioactive decay serieses in nature has been considered, and several determination methods are described. The contribution of cosmic rays for the annual radiation dose has been mentioned

Annual radiation dose in thermoluminescence dating

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huhou, Li [Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, BJ (China). Inst. of Archaeology

1988-11-01

The annual radiation dose in thermoluminescence dating has been discussed. The autor gives an entirely new concept of the enviromental radiation in the thermoluminescence dating. Methods of annual dose detemination used by author are dating. Methods of annual dose determination used by author are summed up, and the results of different methods are compared. The emanium escapiug of three radioactive decay serieses in nature has been considered, and several determination methods are described. The contribution of cosmic rays for the annual radiation dose has been mentioned.

Application of thermoluminescence measurements to detect irradiated strawberries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heide, L.; Guggenberger, R.; Bogl, K.W.

1990-01-01

The thermoluminescence intensity of unirradiated and irradiated strawberries was studied with regard to dose response, storage time, and different varieties. An identification method could finally be developed. Further investigations were carried out to determine the origin of the thermoluminescence effect, which was found to be attributable to mineral grains adhering to the sample surface

Thermoluminescence glow curves of irradiated PMMA and low density polyethylene

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsuda, Koji; Nakase, Yoshiaki; Kumakiri, Yasuhito; Tsuji, Yoshio.

1985-03-01

Light emission from polymers is observed when polymers preirradiated with ionizing radiation at low temperature are heated gradually. The light emission is supposedly resulted from recombination of electrons with active centers produced in polymers or from some other processes involving charge transfer, but no definite explanation has been given at present on the thermoluminescent centers. This report describes our studies on the effects of impurities contained in polymers and pressure of ambient gases on the thermoluminescent glow curve of PMMA and low density polyethylene, which are often used for plastic film dosimeters. In the glow curve of PMMA, only one peak was observed at 110 K in an H 2 or He atmosphere at 760 Torr, but the intensity of the peak decreased with decreasing the H 2 or He gas pressure. At 10 -5 Torr H 2 or He atmosphere the peak disappered, and two sharp peaks appeared in the temperature range from 200 to 250 K. On the other hand, in the glow curve of low density polyethylene, three peaks were observed at 120 K, 180 K and 250 K in the presence of H 2 or He gas at 760 Torr. The effects of pressure of ambient gases and impurities in the polyethylene on these peaks indicate that the peak at 120 K is due to luminescent center produced on the surface or just below the surface of the matrix by collision of excited atoms or molecules of gases with polymer molecules, the peak at 120 K is originated from impurities in the matrix, and the peak at 250 0 K corresponds to luminescent center produced in polyethylene matrix. (author)

Spontaneous emission spectra and quantum light-matter interactions from a strongly coupled quantum dot metal-nanoparticle system

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Van Vlack, C.; Kristensen, Philip Trøst; Hughes, S.

2012-01-01

the dot to the detector, we demonstrate that the strong-coupling regime should be observable in the far-field spontaneous emission spectrum, even at room temperature. The vacuum-induced emission spectra show that the usual vacuum Rabi doublet becomes a rich spectral triplet or quartet with two of the four...

Al2 O3:Cr,Ni: a possible thermoluminescent dosemeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mariani R, Francisco; Roman B, Alvaro; Saavedra S, Renato; Ibarra S, Angel

1996-01-01

Results from a study on the thermoluminescent (Tl) emission from Al 2 O 3 :Cr,Ni are presented. The measurements were obtained for evaluation of the Al 2 O 3 :Cr,Ni dosimetric properties. Different crystal batches were exposed to two kind of ionizing radiation (X-ray and β - ). The Tl spectrum has a main peak with high thermal and optical stability, deviating from linearity for doses lower than 3.6 Gy. Furthermore, this material shows advantages (thermal resistance, reusability, multiple heating cycles) compared to TLD-100. Measured Al 2 O 3 :Cr,Ni properties indicate that it could be used as a dosemeter. (author)

Spectra of alkali atoms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santoso, Budi; Arumbinang, Haryono.

1981-01-01

Emission spectra of alkali atoms has been determined by using spectrometer at the ultraviolet to infra red waves range. The spectra emission can be obtained by absorption spectrophotometric analysis. Comparative evaluations between experimental data and data handbook obtained by spark method were also presented. (author tr.)

Thermoluminescent behavior of diamond thin films exposed to ultraviolet radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barboza F, M.; Gastelum, S.; Melendrez, R.; Chernov, V.; Bernal, R.; Cruz V, C.; Brown, F.

2002-01-01

In this work the thermoluminescent properties of diamond thin films are discussed which are grown up through the chemical vapor method exposed to ultraviolet radiation of 200-280 nm. The films with thickness 3, 6, 9, 12, 180 and 500 microns were grown up using a precursor gas formed of H 2 -CH 4 -CO excited through microwave energy or hot filament.The structure and morphology of the films were examined through scanning electron microscopy, indicating the formation of different diamond polycrystal structures which depend on the type of heating of the precursor gas used as well as the film dimensions. In general, the brilliance curve depends on the sample and the wavelength of the irradiation ultraviolet light, however it presents clearly thermoluminescence bands in 148, 160, 272, 304, 320 and 324 C degrees. The maximum of the thermoluminescence efficiency is obtained for the case of sample exposure with light of 214 nm. The sample of 500 microns is what exhibits greater thermoluminescent efficiency of those studied samples. The thermoluminescent behavior in function of radiation dose presents regions of linearity and supra linearity for higher and small doses respectively. The disappearance of the thermoluminescent signal depends on the characteristics of the film and it can reach until a 30 % of loss before to reach the stability. (Author)

Thermoluminescence as a complementary technique for the toxicological evaluation of chemicals in photosynthetic organisms

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Repetto, Guillermo, E-mail: grepkuh@upo.es [Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Área de Toxicología, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013 Seville (Spain); Zurita, Jorge L. [Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Área de Toxicología, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013 Seville (Spain); Roncel, Mercedes; Ortega, José M. [Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC, Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville (Spain)

2015-01-15

Highlights: • There are very few toxicological applications of thermoluminescence. • It is a luminescence emission induced by heating the sample in the dark. • It is useful for study the photosystem II function and the level of lipid peroxidation. - Abstract: Thermoluminescence is a simple technique very useful for studying electron transfer reactions on photosystem II (standard thermoluminescence) or the level of lipid peroxidation in membranes (high temperature thermoluminescence) in photosynthetic organisms. Both techniques were used to investigate the effects produced on Chlorella vulgaris cells by six compounds: the chemical intermediates bromobenzene and diethanolamine, the antioxidant propyl gallate, the semiconductor indium nitrate, the pesticide sodium monofluoroacetate and the antimalarial drug chloroquine. Electron transfer activity of the photosystem II significantly decreased after the exposure of Chlorella cells to all the six chemicals used. Lipid peroxidation was slightly decreased by the antioxidant propyl gallate, not changed by indium nitrate and very potently stimulated by diethanolamine, chloroquine, sodium monofluoroacetate and bromobenzene. For five of the chemicals studied (not bromobenzene) there is a very good correlation between the cytotoxic effects in Chlorella cells measured by the algal growth inhibition test, and the inhibition of photosystem II activity. The results suggest that one very important effect of these chemicals in Chlorella cells is the inhibition of photosynthetic metabolism by the blocking of photosystem II functionality. In the case of sodium monofluoroacetate, diethanolamine and chloroquine this inhibition seems to be related with the induction of high level of lipid peroxidation in cells that may alter the stability of photosystem II. The results obtained by both techniques supply information that can be used as a supplement to the growth inhibition test and allows a more complete assessment of the effects of

Thermoluminescence as a complementary technique for the toxicological evaluation of chemicals in photosynthetic organisms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Repetto, Guillermo; Zurita, Jorge L.; Roncel, Mercedes; Ortega, José M.

2015-01-01

Highlights: • There are very few toxicological applications of thermoluminescence. • It is a luminescence emission induced by heating the sample in the dark. • It is useful for study the photosystem II function and the level of lipid peroxidation. - Abstract: Thermoluminescence is a simple technique very useful for studying electron transfer reactions on photosystem II (standard thermoluminescence) or the level of lipid peroxidation in membranes (high temperature thermoluminescence) in photosynthetic organisms. Both techniques were used to investigate the effects produced on Chlorella vulgaris cells by six compounds: the chemical intermediates bromobenzene and diethanolamine, the antioxidant propyl gallate, the semiconductor indium nitrate, the pesticide sodium monofluoroacetate and the antimalarial drug chloroquine. Electron transfer activity of the photosystem II significantly decreased after the exposure of Chlorella cells to all the six chemicals used. Lipid peroxidation was slightly decreased by the antioxidant propyl gallate, not changed by indium nitrate and very potently stimulated by diethanolamine, chloroquine, sodium monofluoroacetate and bromobenzene. For five of the chemicals studied (not bromobenzene) there is a very good correlation between the cytotoxic effects in Chlorella cells measured by the algal growth inhibition test, and the inhibition of photosystem II activity. The results suggest that one very important effect of these chemicals in Chlorella cells is the inhibition of photosynthetic metabolism by the blocking of photosystem II functionality. In the case of sodium monofluoroacetate, diethanolamine and chloroquine this inhibition seems to be related with the induction of high level of lipid peroxidation in cells that may alter the stability of photosystem II. The results obtained by both techniques supply information that can be used as a supplement to the growth inhibition test and allows a more complete assessment of the effects of

Deconvolution of Thermal Emissivity Spectra of Mercury to their Endmember Counterparts measured in Simulated Mercury Surface Conditions

Science.gov (United States)

Varatharajan, I.; D'Amore, M.; Maturilli, A.; Helbert, J.; Hiesinger, H.

2017-12-01

The Mercury Radiometer and Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (MERTIS) payload of ESA/JAXA Bepicolombo mission to Mercury will map the thermal emissivity at wavelength range of 7-14 μm and spatial resolution of 500 m/pixel [1]. Mercury was also imaged at the same wavelength range using the Boston University's Mid-Infrared Spectrometer and Imager (MIRSI) mounted on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) on Mauna Kea, Hawaii with the minimum spatial coverage of 400-600km/spectra which blends all rocks, minerals, and soil types [2]. Therefore, the study [2] used quantitative deconvolution algorithm developed by [3] for spectral unmixing of this composite thermal emissivity spectrum from telescope to their respective areal fractions of endmember spectra; however, the thermal emissivity of endmembers used in [2] is the inverted reflectance measurements (Kirchhoff's law) of various samples measured at room temperature and pressure. Over a decade, the Planetary Spectroscopy Laboratory (PSL) at the Institute of Planetary Research (PF) at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) facilitates the thermal emissivity measurements under controlled and simulated surface conditions of Mercury by taking emissivity measurements at varying temperatures from 100-500°C under vacuum conditions supporting MERTIS payload. The measured thermal emissivity endmember spectral library therefore includes major silicates such as bytownite, anorthoclase, synthetic glass, olivine, enstatite, nepheline basanite, rocks like komatiite, tektite, Johnson Space Center lunar simulant (1A), and synthetic powdered sulfides which includes MgS, FeS, CaS, CrS, TiS, NaS, and MnS. Using such specialized endmember spectral library created under Mercury's conditions significantly increases the accuracy of the deconvolution model results. In this study, we revisited the available telescope spectra and redeveloped the algorithm by [3] by only choosing the endmember spectral library created at PSL for unbiased model

Method of fission product beta spectra measurements for predicting reactor anti-neutrino emission

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Asner, D.M.; Burns, K.; Campbell, L.W.; Greenfield, B.; Kos, M.S., E-mail: markskos@gmail.com; Orrell, J.L.; Schram, M.; VanDevender, B.; Wood, L.S.; Wootan, D.W.

2015-03-11

The nuclear fission process that occurs in the core of nuclear reactors results in unstable, neutron-rich fission products that subsequently beta decay and emit electron antineutrinos. These reactor neutrinos have served neutrino physics research from the initial discovery of the neutrino to today's precision measurements of neutrino mixing angles. The prediction of the absolute flux and energy spectrum of the emitted reactor neutrinos hinges upon a series of seminal papers based on measurements performed in the 1970s and 1980s. The steadily improving reactor neutrino measurement techniques and recent reconsiderations of the agreement between the predicted and observed reactor neutrino flux motivates revisiting the underlying beta spectra measurements. A method is proposed to use an accelerator proton beam delivered to an engineered target to yield a neutron field tailored to reproduce the neutron energy spectrum present in the core of an operating nuclear reactor. Foils of the primary reactor fissionable isotopes placed in this tailored neutron flux will ultimately emit beta particles from the resultant fission products. Measurement of these beta particles in a time projection chamber with a perpendicular magnetic field provides a distinctive set of systematic considerations for comparison to the original seminal beta spectra measurements. Ancillary measurements such as gamma-ray emission and post-irradiation radiochemical analysis will further constrain the absolute normalization of beta emissions per fission. The requirements for unfolding the beta spectra measured with this method into a predicted reactor neutrino spectrum are explored.

Neutron dosimetry using activation of thermoluminescent CaSO 4

Science.gov (United States)

Azorín, Juan; Gutiérrez, Alicia

1984-11-01

Sulfur activation in calcium sulfate doped with dysprosium (CaSO 4:Dy) thermoluminescent powder, which is bound in pure sulfur, has been used to measure the fast neutron dose at the tangential beam port of a Triga Mark III reactor. After a post-irradiation time of 3 d, the dosimeters were annealed at 600°C for 30 min in order to erase all the thermoluminescence acquired during the irradiation. The dosimeters were then stored to allow self-irradiation by betas from 32P produced by sulfur activation. The thermoluminescent signal accumulated during a post-irradiation time of 20 d due to a neutron fluence of 2.2 × 10 11 n/cm 2 was equivalent to an absorbed dose of 10 mGy of 60Co gamma rays. The thermoluminescence as a function of fast neutron dose fitted to a straight line on a log-log scale from 1 Gy to 10 4Gy.

Outer atmospheres of cool stars. XII - A survey of IUE ultraviolet emission line spectra of cool dwarf stars

Science.gov (United States)

Linsky, J. L.; Bornmann, P. L.; Carpenter, K. G.; Hege, E. K.; Wing, R. F.; Giampapa, M. S.; Worden, S. P.

1982-01-01

Quantitative information is obtained on the chromospheres and transition regions of M dwarf stars, in order to determine how the outer atmospheres of dMe stars differ from dM stars and how they compare with the outer atmospheres of quiet and active G and K type dwarfs. IUE spectra of six dMe and four dM stars, together with ground-based photometry and spectroscopy of the Balmer and Ca II H and K lines, show no evidence of flares. It is concluded, regarding the quiescent behavior of these stars, that emission-line spectra resemble that of the sun and contain emission lines formed in regions with 4000-20,000 K temperatures that are presumably analogous to the solar chromosphere, as well as regions with temperatures of 20,000-200,000 K that are presumably analogous to the solar transition region. Emission-line surface fluxes are proportional to the emission measure over the range of temperatures at which the lines are formed.

α particle induced scintillation in dense gaseous argon: emission spectra and temporal behavior of its ionic component

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carvalho, M.J.; Klein, G.

1980-01-01

The scintillation induced by α particles in dense gaseous argon (above 1 atm) has been studied. The electric field dependence of the scintillation, shows that the second continuum (centred around 1270A) stems from the neutral as well as from the ionic species, initially created by the impinging particle. Intensity decay curves and emission spectra of these neutral excitation and ionic components were determined. Time constants suggest that the recombination mechanism is responsible for a delayed formation of the second continuum states, 1 Σ + sub(u) and 3 Σ + sub(u). The third continuum of the emission spectra, which spreads at longer wavelengths, from 1600A to 2800A, is field independent

Kerma determination in air on mamma by thermoluminescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palacios P, L. L.; Rivera M, T.

2009-10-01

In this work the experimental results of the entrance exposition are shown and Kerma in air [mGy] in mamma obtained by irradiation of accreditation phantom of American College of Radiology (ACR). The irradiations were realized in a conventional mammography equipment of Hospital Juarez in Mexico; the technique used during the irradiations was of automatic exposition; the thickness for the phantom ACR obtained by the technique were of 4.2 and 4.5 cm; the kilo voltage pick was of 24 kV p , the time and the milli amperage per second variable. The measuring of Kerma in air was obtained with thermoluminescent dosemeters of solid state, of nano particles of zirconium dioxide prepared by the precipitation method. The dosemeters were homogenized previously in low energies of X-rays that are those used for mammography. The thermoluminescent dosemeters of ZrO 2 were calibrated by means of an ionization chamber for different expositions. The calibration curve is reported for the exposition and Kerma in air against thermoluminescent intensity obtained by reading of thermoluminescent dosemeters of ZrO 2 , as well as the technique employee for the Kerma determination in air and entrance exposition in mamma. (Author)

Authenticity test in ceramics and archaeological figures by thermoluminescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramirez L, A.; Schaaf, P.; Filloy, L.

1999-01-01

At present exists quite a lot of false archaeological pieces which provokes doubts about the legitimacy of the pieces. In this work it is presented the Authenticity test by Thermoluminescence realized at the urn of the goddess 13 serpent of the zapotec culture of Oaxaca which is exposed in Mexico City. The original piece contains crystalline structures which present hardly the thermoluminescence phenomena by the presence of 238 U, 232 Th, and 40 K getting with this the form and intensity of the natural thermoluminescence curve of an archaeological piece which shows a Tl peak and allows to know so if it was made recently or not. (Author)

Transition probabilities of Ce I obtained from Boltzmann analysis of visible and near-infrared emission spectra

Science.gov (United States)

Nitz, D. E.; Curry, J. J.; Buuck, M.; DeMann, A.; Mitchell, N.; Shull, W.

2018-02-01

We report radiative transition probabilities for 5029 emission lines of neutral cerium within the wavelength range 417-1110 nm. Transition probabilities for only 4% of these lines have been previously measured. These results are obtained from a Boltzmann analysis of two high resolution Fourier transform emission spectra used in previous studies of cerium, obtained from the digital archives of the National Solar Observatory at Kitt Peak. The set of transition probabilities used for the Boltzmann analysis are those published by Lawler et al (2010 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 43 085701). Comparisons of branching ratios and transition probabilities for lines common to the two spectra provide important self-consistency checks and test for the presence of self-absorption effects. Estimated 1σ uncertainties for our transition probability results range from 10% to 18%.

Excitation-emission spectra and fluorescence quantum yields for fresh and aged biogenic secondary organic aerosols

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Hyun Ji; Laskin, Alexander; Laskin, Julia; Nizkorodov, Sergey A.

2013-05-10

Certain biogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOA) become absorbent and fluorescent when exposed to reduced nitrogen compounds such as ammonia, amines and their salts. Fluorescent SOA may potentially be mistaken for biological particles by detection methods relying on fluorescence. This work quantifies the spectral distribution and effective quantum yields of fluorescence of SOA generated from two monoterpenes, limonene and a-pinene, and two different oxidants, ozone (O3) and hydroxyl radical (OH). The SOA was generated in a smog chamber, collected on substrates, and aged by exposure to ~100 ppb ammonia vapor in air saturated with water vapor. Absorption and excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectra of aqueous extracts of aged and control SOA samples were measured, and the effective absorption coefficients and fluorescence quantum yields (~0.005 for 349 nm excitation) were determined from the data. The strongest fluorescence for the limonene-derived SOA was observed for excitation = 420+- 50 nm and emission = 475 +- 38 nm. The window of the strongest fluorescence shifted to excitation = 320 +- 25 nm and emission = 425 +- 38 nm for the a-pinene-derived SOA. Both regions overlap with the excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectra of some of the fluorophores found in primary biological aerosols. Our study suggests that, despite the low quantum yield, the aged SOA particles should have sufficient fluorescence intensities to interfere with the fluorescence detection of common bioaerosols.

Characterization of the chlorophyll thermoluminescence afterglow in dark-adapted or far-red-illuminated plant leaves

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miranda, T.; Ducruet, J.M.

1995-01-01

Far red illumination of photosynthetic material induces a delayed luminescence rise, or afterglow, which has been reported in plant leaves, protoplasts or intact chloroplasts and in algal cells. but does not occur in isolated thylakoids. The rise kinetics is accelerated by increasing temperature and we show, by slowly heating a leaf sample after a far-red illumination, that the afterglow emission can be optimally resolved as a sharp thermoluminescence band. Plant material was mainly pea (Pisum sativum L., cv Kazar and Merveille de Kelvedon) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., cv Marketer). Comparisons were done with rape, spinach, tobacco, avocado and maize. A 0.2 degree C-1s to 0.5 degree C-1s temperature gradient, started above 0 degree C after a far red illumination, revealed a new thermoluminescence AG band, peaking between 40 degree C and 50 degree C. It exhibited the characteristic properties of the luminescence afterglow recorded at a constant temperature. The AG band was very sensitive to short incubations at both freezing and moderately warm temperatures. Increasing duration of far red illumination caused two kinetically distinct effects on the AG band and on the B band (S-2S-3 Q-B- recombination), which can be ascribed to different behaviors of proton gradients in stroma and in grana lamellae, respectively. The induction of an afterglow by far red light lasted for several minutes in the dark, at 10 degree C. Flash sequences fired in these conditions confirmed the presence of S-2 and S-3 states stable in the dark, producing luminescence by recombination with back-transferred electrons. In some plant batches, an AG band could be induced by 2 or 3 flashes in the absence of far red light, which demonstrates that a metabolic state leading to AG emission may arise spontaneously in plant leaves. The strong temperature dependence of the AG emission is discussed in terms of heat-induced conformational changes in the thylakoid membrane. We conclude that

Effect of the radiation in the thermoluminescent properties of lava

CERN Document Server

Correcher, V; García, J

2003-01-01

Blue thermoluminescence (Tl) emission from different lavas of many places (Costa Rica, Canary Islands, Hawaii Islands, Iceland and Italy) corresponding to different eruptions has been studied to know its potential use in the field of dating and retrospective dosimetry. Due to the light emission is linked to the point defects of the crystalline lattice structure, X-ray diffraction analyses were performed to determine the components of this poly mineral material that mostly are cristobalite, plagioclase and phyllosilicates. Exposures to different doses (in a range of 1-25 Gy) were given to each sample to determine the evolution of the Tl signal with the irradiation under laboratory conditions. In all cases, a linear response could be observed and no saturation has been detected in this range of doses. Both natural (NTL) and induced (ITL) Tl signal exhibit a complex glow curve structure associated to a continuous trap distribution over 100 C that could be attributed to the formation-annihilation [Al0 sub 4 /alka...

State-of-the art comparability of corrected emission spectra. 2. Field laboratory assessment of calibration performance using spectral fluorescence standards.

Science.gov (United States)

Resch-Genger, Ute; Bremser, Wolfram; Pfeifer, Dietmar; Spieles, Monika; Hoffmann, Angelika; DeRose, Paul C; Zwinkels, Joanne C; Gauthier, François; Ebert, Bernd; Taubert, R Dieter; Voigt, Jan; Hollandt, Jörg; Macdonald, Rainer

2012-05-01

In the second part of this two-part series on the state-of-the-art comparability of corrected emission spectra, we have extended this assessment to the broader community of fluorescence spectroscopists by involving 12 field laboratories that were randomly selected on the basis of their fluorescence measuring equipment. These laboratories performed a reference material (RM)-based fluorometer calibration with commercially available spectral fluorescence standards following a standard operating procedure that involved routine measurement conditions and the data evaluation software LINKCORR developed and provided by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM). This instrument-specific emission correction curve was subsequently used for the determination of the corrected emission spectra of three test dyes, X, QS, and Y, revealing an average accuracy of 6.8% for the corrected emission spectra. This compares well with the relative standard uncertainties of 4.2% for physical standard-based spectral corrections demonstrated in the first part of this study (previous paper in this issue) involving an international group of four expert laboratories. The excellent comparability of the measurements of the field laboratories also demonstrates the effectiveness of RM-based correction procedures.

Thermoluminescence: Potential Applications in Forensic Science

Science.gov (United States)

Ingham, J. D.; Lawson, D. D.

1973-01-01

In crime laboratories one of the most difficult operations is to determine unequivocally whether or not two samples of evidence of the same type were originally part of the same thing or were from the same source. It has been found that high temperature thermoluminescence (room temperature to 723 K) can be used for comparisons of this type, although work to date indicates that there is generally a finite probability for coincidental matching of glass or soil samples. Further work is required to determine and attempt to minimize these probabilities for different types of materials, and to define more clearly the scope of applicability of thermoluminescence to actual forensic situations.

Fracto- mechanoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of orange-red emitting Eu{sup 3+} doped Ca{sub 2}Al{sub 2}SiO{sub 7} phosphors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tiwari, Geetanjali, E-mail: geetanjali.tiwari10@gmail.com [School of Studies in Physics and Astrophysics, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G., 492010 (India); Brahme, Nameeta, E-mail: namitabrahme@gmail.com [School of Studies in Physics and Astrophysics, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G., 492010 (India); Sharma, Ravi [Department of Physics, Govt. Arts and Commerce Girls College, Devendra Nagar, Raipur, C.G. (India); Bisen, D.P.; Sao, Sanjay K. [School of Studies in Physics and Astrophysics, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G., 492010 (India); Khare, Ayush [Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Raipur - 492 010 (India)

2017-03-15

The suitability of nano-structured Ca{sub 2}Al{sub 2}SiO{sub 7}:Eu{sup 3+} phosphors for thermoluminescence and mechanoluminescence dosimeter were investigated. Europium doped di-calcium di-aluminum silicate phosphor was synthesised by the combustion assisted method and annealed at 1100 °C for 4 h in reducing and oxidizing environments. The prepared Ca{sub 2}Al{sub 2}SiO{sub 7}:Eu{sup 3+} phosphor was characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), photoluminescence (PL) and decay characteristics. The phase structure of sintered phosphor has akermanite type which belongs to the tetragonal crystallography; this structure is a member of the melilite group and forms a layered compound. The chemical composition of the sintered Ca{sub 2}Al{sub 2}SiO{sub 7}:Eu{sup 3+} phosphor was confirmed by EDX spectra. Mechanoluminescence (ML) and thermoluminescence (TL) studies revealed that the ML and TL intensity increases with activator concentration. Optimum ML was observed for the sample having 2 mol% of Eu ions. The TL intensity of Ca{sub 2}Al{sub 2}SiO{sub 7}:Eu{sup 3+} was recorded for different exposure times of γ -irradiation and it was observed that TL intensity is maximum for γ dose of 1770 Gy. The PL spectra indicated that Ca{sub 2}Al{sub 2}SiO{sub 7}:Eu{sup 3+} could be excited effectively by near ultraviolet (NUV) light and exhibited bright orange-red emission with excellent colour stability. CIE colour coordinates of the prepared Ca{sub 2}Al{sub 2}SiO{sub 7}:Eu{sup 3+} phosphor was found suitable as orange-red light emitting phosphor with a CIE value of (x=0.6142, y=0.3849) and correlated colour temperature (CCT) is 1250 K. Therefore, it is considered to be a new promising orange-red emitting phosphor for white light emitting diode (LED) application.

The thermoluminescent curve as parameter to compare archaeological ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dominguez R, I.R.; Ramirez C, G.A.; Gonzalez M, P.R.; Mendoza A, D.; Martinez C, G.

2006-01-01

Most mineral materials, including the constituents of pottery, have the property of thermoluminescence (TL), where part of the energy from radioactive decay in the mineral is stored and later released as light upon strong heating. The intensity of emitted light as a function of temperature is the thermoluminescence glow curve. However, it is well-know the thermoluminescence glow curve form depends of several factors associates with the incident radiation and type of materials. Between the factors associated with the materials, it can be mentioned the quantity and type of crystalline phases, and quantity and type of impurities that they could be present in the material. That is to say, materials with different physicochemical characteristics will produce different thermoluminescence glow curve, although, they have been irradiated under the same conditions. In accordance with the above mentioned, it is possible to identified differences between pre hispanic ceramic belonging to a same site and other sites. In this work a discussion about advantages and disadvantages is presented. Some specific examples in ceramic artifacts belonging to the Matlatzinca and Teotihuacan cultures are included. (Author)

Improvements in or relating to radio frequency heaters for thermoluminescent dosimetry discs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stephenson, R.

1976-01-01

A combination of radiofrequency heater adapted to receive thermoluminescent dosimetry discs, equipment for counting light emission from the discs, and a digital timer controlling both the heating time of the heater and the counting time of the counting equipment, is described. The heater includes a pair of power amplifiers arranged in push-pull configuration. A stabilised power supply is provided, with overload protection for the amplifiers, together with a control circuit arranged to maintain the power outputs of the amplifiers at a predetermined adjustable level. A variable frequency oscillator may be provided, together with driver stages for the amplifiers. (U.K.)

A fading-based method for checking the presence of closely overlapping peaks in thermoluminescent (TL) materials

Science.gov (United States)

Furetta, C.

The paper describes a method, based on fading experiment, for determining the presence of a complex structure in the thermoluminescent glow curve emission from herbs, e.g. oregano and nopal. Because of the polymineral content of the inorganic part of these herbs, the emitted glow curve is the result of several overlapping glow peaks, each one corresponding to another mineral. The initial rise method is also used for determining the activation energy of each component.

Emission spectra from AlN and GaN doped with rare earth elements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, Sung Woo; Emura, Shuichi; Kimura, Shigeya; Kim, Moo Seong; Zhou Yikai; Teraguchi, Nobuaki; Suzuki, Akira; Yanase, Akira; Asahi, Hajime

2006-01-01

Luminescent properties of GaN and AlN based semiconductors containing rare earth metals of Gd and Dy are studied. Cathodoluminescent spectra from AlGdN show a clear and sharp peak at 318 nm following LO phonon satellites. Photoluminescence spectra from GaDyN by the above-gap excitation also show several peaks in addition to the broad luminescence band emission. For GaGdN, the sharp PL peaks are also observed at 650 and 670 nm, and they are assigned to the intra-f orbital transitions by their time decay measurements. The broad band at around 365 nm for AlGdN, 505 nm for GaGdN and GaDyN are commonly observed. The origin of these broad bands is discussed

Measurement and analysis of double-differential neutron emission spectra in (P,N) and (α,N) reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okamoto, K.; Mehta, M.K.

1988-05-01

The second IAEA Research Co-ordination Meeting on Measurement and Analysis of Double-Differential Neutron Emission Spectra in (p,n) and (α,n) Reactions was convened by the IAEA Nuclear Data Section at the IAEA Headquarters in Vienna during 8-10 February, 1988. The main objectives of the Co-ordinated Research Project for which this meeting was held are (i) to extract systematic information about nuclear level densities as a function of excitation energy by analysing the neutron emission spectra from (p,n) and (α,n) reactions on properly selected targets and bombarding energy range, and (ii) to parametrize this information into appropriate phenomenological models to enable reliable extrapolation for general use of level density information in basic and applied nuclear physics related problems. Detailed conclusions and recommendations, together with a summary of the programme during 1988/1989 are attached in the Appendices

MID-INFRARED ATOMIC FINE-STRUCTURE EMISSION-LINE SPECTRA OF LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES: SPITZER/IRS SPECTRA OF THE GOALS SAMPLE

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inami, H. [National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Tucson, AZ 85719 (United States); Armus, L.; Stierwalt, S.; Díaz-Santos, T.; Surace, J.; Howell, J.; Marshall, J. [Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, CA 91125 (United States); Charmandaris, V. [Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, University of Crete, GR-71003 Heraklion (Greece); Groves, B. [Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg (Germany); Kewley, L. [Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Cotter Road, Weston Creek, ACT 2611 (Australia); Petric, A. [Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, MS 320-47, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Rich, J. [The Observatories, Carnegie Institute of Washington, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101 (United States); Haan, S. [CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Marsfield, NSW 2122 (Australia); Evans, A. S. [Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904 (United States); Mazzarella, J.; Lord, S. [Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, MS 100-22, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Appleton, P. [NASA Herschel Science Center, 770 South Wilson Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Spoon, H. [Astronomy Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); Frayer, D. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, P.O. Box 2, Green Bank, WV 24944 (United States); Matsuhara, H., E-mail: inami@noao.edu [Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan); and others

2013-11-10

We present the data and our analysis of mid-infrared atomic fine-structure emission lines detected in Spitzer/Infrared Spectrograph high-resolution spectra of 202 local Luminous Infrared Galaxies (LIRGs) observed as part of the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey (GOALS). We readily detect emission lines of [S IV], [Ne II], [Ne V], [Ne III], [S III]{sub 18.7{sub μm}}, [O IV], [Fe II], [S III]{sub 33.5{sub μm}}, and [Si II]. More than 75% of these galaxies are classified as starburst-dominated sources in the mid-infrared, based on the [Ne V]/[Ne II] line flux ratios and equivalent width of the 6.2 μm polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon feature. We compare ratios of the emission-line fluxes to those predicted from stellar photo-ionization and shock-ionization models to constrain the physical and chemical properties of the gas in the starburst LIRG nuclei. Comparing the [S IV]/[Ne II] and [Ne III]/[Ne II] line ratios to the Starburst99-Mappings III models with an instantaneous burst history, the emission-line ratios suggest that the nuclear starbursts in our LIRGs have ages of 1-4.5 Myr, metallicities of 1-2 Z{sub ☉}, and ionization parameters of 2-8 × 10{sup 7} cm s{sup –1}. Based on the [S III]{sub 33.5{sub μm}}/[S III]{sub 18.7{sub μm}} ratios, the electron density in LIRG nuclei is typically one to a few hundred cm{sup –3}, with a median electron density of ∼300 cm{sup –3}, for those sources above the low density limit for these lines. We also find that strong shocks are likely present in 10 starburst-dominated sources of our sample. A significant fraction of the GOALS sources (80) have resolved neon emission-line profiles (FWHM ≥600 km s{sup –1}) and five show clear differences in the velocities of the [Ne III] or [Ne V] emission lines, relative to [Ne II], of more than 200 km s{sup –1}. Furthermore, six starburst and five active galactic nucleus dominated LIRGs show a clear trend of increasing line width with ionization potential

Emission spectra of phosphor MgSO4 doped with Dy and Mn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Chunxiang; Chen Lixin; Tang Qiang; Luo Daling; Qiu Zhiren

2001-01-01

Emission spectra of phosphor MgSO 4 doped with Dy and Dy/Mn were measured with an optical multichannel analyzer and a linear heating system whose temperature was controlled by a microcomputer. The emission spectrum bands at 480 nm and 580 nm of phosphor MgSO 4 doped with Dy were observed in the three dimensional (3D) glow curves. Compared with the 3D spectrum of CaSO 4 :Dy and the spectrum bands of MgSO 4 :Dy shows the same wavelengths which resulted from the quantum transitions among the energy levels of Dy 3 '+ ions. The intensities of the glow peaks in both spectrum bands (480 nm and 580 nm) of phosphor MgSO 4 doped with Dy/Mn were dramatically reduced except the 380 degree C glow peak

A study of the high-temperature signal characteristics in the thermoluminescence of porcelain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yin Gongming

2001-01-01

The thermoluminescence pre-dose technique for dating ancient porcelain was developed in many laboratories. This technique was the only method which could directly determine the age of old porcelain. But the thermoluminescence high-temperature signal (over 200 degree C) had not been studied. The authors conduced a preliminary study of the characteristic of thermoluminescence high-temperature signal, such as the TL natural glow curve, and the glow curves after beta or alpha irradiation. Most of the 32 ancient porcelains had thermoluminescence high temperature signal, and only one peak in their TL glow curve was found

Thermoluminescence of zirconium oxide nanostructured to mammography X-ray beams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palacios, L.L.; Rivera, T.; Roman, J.; Azorín, J.; Gaona, E.

2012-01-01

In the present work thermoluminescent (TL) response of zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) nanostructured induced by mammography X-ray radiation was investigated. Measurements were made of the response per unit air kerma of ZrO 2 with mammography equipment parameters (semiautomatic exposure control, 24 kVp and 108 mAs). The calibration curves were obtained by simultaneously irradiating ZrO 2 samples and ion chamber. Samples of ZrO 2 showed a linear response as a function of entrance skin air kerma. The observed results in TL properties suggest that ZrO 2 nanostructured could be considered as an effective material for X-ray beams dosimetry if appropriate calibration procedures are performed. - Highlights: ► X-ray low energy thermoluminescent of ZrO 2 dosimeter is developed. ► Air kerma measurements were made by thermoluminescent dosimeter ZrO 2 using mammography equipment parameters. ► Entrance surface skin doses were made using thermoluminescent dosimeter of ZrO 2 to X-ray beam quality control.

Steep Hard-X-ray Spectra Indicate Extremely High Accretion Rates in Weak Emission-Line Quasars

Science.gov (United States)

Marlar, Andrea; Shemmer, Ohad; Anderson, Scott F.; Brandt, W. Niel; Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M.; Fan, Xiaohui; Luo, Bin; Plotkin, Richard; Richards, Gordon T.; Schneider, Donald P.; Wu, Jianfeng

2018-06-01

We present XMM-Newton imaging spectroscopy of ten weak emission-line quasars (WLQs) at 0.928 ≤ z ≤ 3.767, six of which are radio quiet and four which are radio intermediate. The new X-ray data enabled us to measure the hard-X-ray power-law photon index (Γ) in each source with relatively high accuracy. These measurements allowed us to confirm previous reports that WLQs have steeper X-ray spectra, therefore indicating higher accretion rates with respect to "typical" quasars. A comparison between the Γ values of our radio-quiet WLQs and those of a carefully-selected, uniform sample of 84 quasars shows that the first are significantly higher, at the ≥ 3σ level. Collectively, the four radio-intermediate WLQs have lower Γ values with respect to the six radio-quiet WLQs, as may be expected if the spectra of the first group are contaminated by X-ray emission from a jet. These results suggest that, in the absence of significant jet emission along our line of sight, WLQs constitute the extreme high end of the accretion rate distribution in quasars. We detect soft excess emission in our lowest-redshift radio-quiet WLQ, in agreement with previous findings suggesting that the prominence of this feature is associated with a high accretion rate. We have not detected signatures of Compton reflection, Fe Kα lines, or strong variability between two X-ray epochs in any of our WLQs.

Energy spectra and asymmetry of charged particle emission in the muon minus capture by nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balandin, M.P.; Grebenyuk, V.M.; Sinov, V.G.; Konin, A.D.

1978-01-01

Energy spectra of separated-by-mass single-charged particles at the capture of 130 MeV negative muons by carbon, oxygen, magnesium and sulphur have been measured. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical calculations at the assumption of preequilibrium decay of collective states described by the hydrodynamical model. The measurement of asymmetry of charged particle emission in sulphur and megnesium was carried out by hte method of muon spin precession in a magnetic field. Theoretical curves describe correctly the exponential spectra character, but the yields obtained are 2-3 times less than the experimental results

Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of Eu2+ doped and Eu2+ ,Dy3+ co-doped Ba2 MgSi2 O7 phosphors.

Science.gov (United States)

Sao, Sanjay Kumar; Brahme, Nameeta; Bisen, D P; Tiwari, Geetanjali

2016-11-01

In this work, we report the preparation, characterization, comparison and luminescence mechanisms of Eu 2 + -doped and Eu 2 + ,Dy 3 + -co-doped Ba 2 MgSi 2 O 7 (BMSO) phosphors. Prepared phosphors were synthesized via a high temperature solid-state reaction method. All prepared phosphors appeared white. The phase structure, particle size, and elemental analysis were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The luminescence properties of the phosphors were investigated by thermoluminescence (TL) and photoluminescence (PL). The PL excitation and emission spectra of Ba 2 MgSi 2 O 7 :Eu 2 + showed the peak to be around 381 nm and 490 nm respectively. The PL excitation spectrum of Ba 2 MgSi 2 O 7 :Eu 2 + Dy 3 + showed the peak to be around 341 nm and 388 nm, and the emission spectrum had a broad band around 488 nm. These emissions originated from the 4f 6 5d 1 to 4f 7 transition of Eu 2 + . TL analysis revealed that the maximum TL intensity was found at 5 mol% of Eu 2 + doping in Ba 2 MgSi 2 O 7 phosphors after 15 min of ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. TL intensity was increased when Dy 3 + ions were co-doped in Ba 2 MgSi 2 O 7 :Eu 2 + and maximum TL intensity was observed for 2 mol% of Dy 3 + . TL emission spectra of Ba 1.95 MgSi 2 O 7 :0.05Eu 2 + and Ba 1.93 MgSi 2 O 7 :0.05Eu 2 + ,0.02Dy 3 + phosphors were found at 500 nm. TL intensity increased with UV exposure time up to 15 min, then decreased for the higher UV radiation dose for both Eu doping and Eu,Dy co-doping. The trap depths were calculated to be 0.54 eV for Ba 1.95 MgSi 2 O 7 :0.05Eu 2 + and 0.54 eV and 0.75 eV for Ba 1.93 MgSi 2 O 7 :0.05Eu 2 + ,0.02Dy 3 + phosphors. It was observed that co-doping with small amounts of Dy 3 + enhanced the thermoluminescence properties of Ba 2 MgSi 2 O 7 phosphor. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [Correction added on 5 April 2016, after first online publication: The

Thermoluminescence dosimetry in Northwest Puerto Rico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Block, A.M.; Clements, R.G.; Rosa, L.I.; Santos, F.

1975-01-01

In October, 1973, the Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority sought the initiation of studies aimed at determining background radiological characteristics of the northwestern quadrant of Puerto Rico using thermoluminescent dosemeters. Some of the studies were required for supporting data for the environmental report submitted as part of the licensing procedure in the establishment of thermonuclear electric power generation facilities in Barrio Islote, Arecibo, Puerto Rico. Previous studies of radiological characteristics of the area had been made using sodium iodide sensing equipment in an airplane flying at an altitude of 500 ft. The results are expressed in counts per second, and provide useful comparative levels for radioactivity measured with the thermoluminescent detectors. (U.S.)

Identifying Student and Teacher Difficulties in Interpreting Atomic Spectra Using a Quantum Model of Emission and Absorption of Radiation

Science.gov (United States)

Savall-Alemany, Francisco; Domènech-Blanco, Josep Lluís; Guisasola, Jenaro; Martínez-Torregrosa, Joaquín

2016-01-01

Our study sets out to identify the difficulties that high school students, teachers, and university students encounter when trying to explain atomic spectra. To do so, we identify the key concepts that any quantum model for the emission and absorption of electromagnetic radiation must include to account for the gas spectra and we then design two…

Thermoluminescence and photoluminescence analyses of MEH-PPV, MDMO-PPV and RU(bpy)3 gamma-irradiated polymer thin films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ortiz-Morales, A.; Ortiz-Lopez, J.; Cruz-Zaragoza, E.; Gómez-Aguilar, R.

2015-01-01

Effects of irradiation with 60 Co gamma photons on poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV), poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′ dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMO-PPV) and tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)dichlororuthenium(II) hexahydrate (Ru(bpy) 3 ) thin films were analyzed regarding their thermoluminescence (TL) and photoluminescence (PL) properties. A linear TL dose response was obtained from the MEH-PPV and MDMO-PPV polymer films in dose ranges of approximately 0.170–4.08 kGy and 0.170–0.850 kGy, respectively, followed by a supralinear behavior. A dependence on the conjugation length of the polymer chains which was favored by heating of the film, was observed, and irradiation generated a blue-shift in MEH-PPV and Ru(bpy) 3 . Furthermore, the PL structure was not modified. The most likely effect involved in the TL emission was trapping. The high activation energy values of the traps in the TL may be attributed in part to the binding energy of the exciton. A deconvolution process was carried out to obtain the kinetic parameters from the TL glow curves and PL spectra. - Highlights: • Irradiation effects on MEH-PPV, MDMO-PPV and Ru(bpy) 3 were analyzed by TL and PL. • The dose response of PPV derivatives was linear at higher doses (0.170–4.08 kGy). • Activation energy, was larger than 2 eV, suggest a possible good stability of traps. • PL spectra for non-irradiated and gamma irradiated polymer are almost identical

Local secondary-electron emission spectra of graphite and gold surfaces obtained using the Scanning Probe Energy Loss Spectrometer (SPELS)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lawton, J J; Pulisciano, A; Palmer, R E

2009-01-01

Secondary-electron emission (SEE) spectra have been obtained with the Scanning Probe Energy Loss Spectrometer at a tip-sample distance of only 50 nm. Such short working distances are required for the best theoretical spatial resolution (<10 nm). The SEE spectra of graphite, obtained as a function of tip bias voltage, are shown to correspond to unoccupied states in the electronic band structure. The SEE spectra of thin gold films demonstrate the capability of identifying (carbonaceous) surface contamination with this technique.

Local secondary-electron emission spectra of graphite and gold surfaces obtained using the Scanning Probe Energy Loss Spectrometer (SPELS)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lawton, J J; Pulisciano, A; Palmer, R E, E-mail: R.E.Palmer@bham.ac.u [Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT (United Kingdom)

2009-11-25

Secondary-electron emission (SEE) spectra have been obtained with the Scanning Probe Energy Loss Spectrometer at a tip-sample distance of only 50 nm. Such short working distances are required for the best theoretical spatial resolution (<10 nm). The SEE spectra of graphite, obtained as a function of tip bias voltage, are shown to correspond to unoccupied states in the electronic band structure. The SEE spectra of thin gold films demonstrate the capability of identifying (carbonaceous) surface contamination with this technique.

Thermoluminescence response of gamma-irradiated sesame with mineral dust

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodriguez L, Y. [CSIC, Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, Calle Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid (Spain); Correcher, V. [CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid (Spain); Garcia G, J. [CSIC, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Calle Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid (Spain); Cruz Z, E., E-mail: y.r.l@csic.es [UNAM, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico D. F. (Mexico)

2011-10-15

The thermoluminescence (Tl) emission of minerals isolated from Mexican and Indian sesame seeds appear as a good tool to discern between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. According to the X-ray diffraction and environmental scanning microscope, the adhered dust in both samples is mainly composed by different amounts of quartz and feldspars. These mineral phases exhibit (i) enough sensitivity to ionizing radiation inducing good Tl intensity, (ii) high stability of the Tl signal during the storage of the material (i.e. low fading) and (iii) are thermally and chemically stable. Blind tests performed under laboratory conditions, but simulating industrial preservation processes (similar temperature and moisture, and presence of white light), allows to distinguish between 1 KGy gamma-irradiated and non-irradiated samples even 11000 hours (15 months) after the irradiation proceeding. (Author)

Thermoluminescence response of gamma-irradiated sesame with mineral dust

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez L, Y.; Correcher, V.; Garcia G, J.; Cruz Z, E.

2011-10-01

The thermoluminescence (Tl) emission of minerals isolated from Mexican and Indian sesame seeds appear as a good tool to discern between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. According to the X-ray diffraction and environmental scanning microscope, the adhered dust in both samples is mainly composed by different amounts of quartz and feldspars. These mineral phases exhibit (i) enough sensitivity to ionizing radiation inducing good Tl intensity, (ii) high stability of the Tl signal during the storage of the material (i.e. low fading) and (iii) are thermally and chemically stable. Blind tests performed under laboratory conditions, but simulating industrial preservation processes (similar temperature and moisture, and presence of white light), allows to distinguish between 1 KGy gamma-irradiated and non-irradiated samples even 11000 hours (15 months) after the irradiation proceeding. (Author)

Dose measurements in dental radiology using thermoluminescent dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chiara, Ana Claudia M. de; Costa, Alessandro M.; Pardini, Luiz Carlos

2009-01-01

The aim of this work was the implementation of a code of practice for dosimetry in dental radiology using the technique of thermoluminescent dosimetry. General principles for the use of thermoluminescent dosimeters were followed. The irradiations were performed using ten X-ray equipment for intra-oral radiography and an X-ray equipment for panoramic radiography. The incident air kerma was evaluated for five different exposure times used in clinical practice for intra-oral radiographs. Using a backscatter factor of 1.2, it was observed that approximately 40% of the entrance skin dose values found for intra-oral radiographs are above the diagnostic reference level recommended in national regulation. Different configurations of voltage and current were used representing the exposure as a child, woman and man for panoramic radiographs. The results obtained for the air kerma area product were respectively 53.3 +- 5.2 mGy.cm 2 , 101.5 +- 9.5 mGy.cm 2 and 116.8 +- 10.4 mGy.cm 2 . The use of thermoluminescent dosimetry requires several procedures before a result is recorded. The use of dosimeters with ionization chambers or semiconductors provides a simple and robust method for routine measurements. However, the use of thermoluminescent dosimetry can be of great value to large-scale surveys to establish diagnostic reference levels. (author)

Development of thermoluminescence dating techniques at Oxford

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fleming, S.J.

1977-01-01

The two-decade long history of thermoluminescene as a pottery dating method is surveyed with particular reference to the various problems that have been encountered in the Oxford Laboratory's research programme. Effects, such as supralinearity and radon emanation, are explained in terms of how they are measured and how their existence influences thermoluminescence (TL) dating accuracy (currently close to plus minus 7% per analysis). Illustrations of Thermoluminescence (TL) applications include a Nok culture terracotta from Nigeria and a Cambodia bronze Buddha figure of the Khmer period, dated ising the ceramic-like casting-core retained within it. (author)

Obtention of a thermoluminescent material for dosimetry of ionizing radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez M, P.R.

1990-01-01

The thermoluminescent dosemeters are small crystals which suffer changes in their structure by the radiation effect, being displaced the electrons toward higher energy levels. On heating the previously irradiated crystals, the electrons come back to their base state emitting light photons. The light quantity emitted is proportional to the received radiation dose. The light quantity emitted is proportional to the received radiation dose. The lithium fluoride is one of the thermoluminescent materials considered as tissue equivalents by having a low effective atomic number (Z ef ). At present, the more used commercial product used of this type is the TLD-100*. In this work the obtained results in the preparation of the lithium fluoride thermoluminescent material are presented. This is activated with magnesium (Mg) and titanium (Ti), which we have labelled as: LiF: Mg, Ti. The results from the tests performed for verifying his thermoluminescent properties are presented too, as powder form as in pellets form. These tests were performed in simultaneous form with TLD-100 samples, which is considered as reference. The LiF: Mg, Ti thermoluminescent material manufactured in the ININ presents similar dosimetric characteristics to those ones of the TLD-100. Therefore being able to replace the imported dosemeters. * (TLD-100 is a commercial trademark registered by Harshaw/Filtrol (US) for LiF: Mg, Ti Tl dosemeters) (Author)

Thermoluminescence properties of AlN ceramics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Trinkler, L.; Christensen, P.; Agersnap Larsen, N.

1998-01-01

The paper describes thermoluminescence (TL) properties of AlN:Y2O3 ceramics irradiated with ionising radiation. A high TL sensitivity of AlN:Y2O3 ceramics to radiation encouraged a study of the AlN ceramics for application as a dosimetric material. The paper presents experimental data on: glow...... curve, emission spectrum, dose response, energy dependence, influence of heating rate and fading rate. The measured TL characteristics were compared with those of well-known, widely used TLDs, i.e. LiF:Mg,Ti, LiF:Mg,Cu,P and Al2O3:C. It is concluded that AlN:Y2O3 ceramics showing a radiation sensitivity...... which is approximately 50 times greater than that of LiF:Mg,Ti is an interesting dosimetry material; however due to a high fading rate of the TL of AlN:Y2O3 on storage at room temperature, a further development of the material for improving the fading characteristics is needed for its application...

Ab-initio modeling of an iron laser-induced plasma: Comparison between theoretical and experimental atomic emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colgan, J.; Judge, E.J.; Kilcrease, D.P.; Barefield, J.E.

2014-01-01

We report on efforts to model the Fe emission spectrum generated from laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) measurements on samples of pure iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ). Our modeling efforts consist of several components. We begin with ab-initio atomic structure calculations performed by solving the Hartree–Fock equations for the neutral and singly ionized stages of Fe. Our energy levels are then adjusted to their experimentally known values. The atomic transition probabilities and atomic collision quantities are also computed in an ab-initio manner. We perform LTE or non-LTE calculations that generate level populations and, subsequently, an emission spectrum for the iron plasma for a range of electron temperatures and electron densities. Such calculations are then compared to the experimental spectrum. We regard our work as a preliminary modeling effort that ultimately strives towards the modeling of emission spectra from even more complex samples where less atomic data are available. - Highlights: • LIBS plasma of iron oxide • Ab-initio theoretical Modeling • Discussion of LTE versus non-LTE criteria and assessment • Boltzmann plots for Fe—determination of when LTE is a valid assumption • Emission spectra for Fe—comparison of theoretical modeling and measurement: good agreement obtained

Analysis of the deconvolution of the thermoluminescent curve of the zirconium oxide doped with graphite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salas C, P.; Estrada G, R.; Gonzalez M, P.R.; Mendoza A, D.

2003-01-01

In this work, we present a mathematical analysis of the behavior of the thermoluminescent curve (Tl) induced by gamma radiation in samples made of zirconium oxide doped with different amounts of graphite. In accordance with the results gamma radiation induces a Tl curve with two maximum of emission localized in the temperatures at 139 and 250 C, the area under the curve is increasing as a function of the time of exposition to the radiation. The analysis of curve deconvolution, in accordance with the theory which indicates that this behavior must be obey a Boltzmann distribution, we found that each one of them has a different growth velocity as the time of exposition increase. In the same way, we observed that after the irradiation was suspended each one of the maximum decrease with different velocity. The behaviour observed in the samples is very interesting because the zirconium oxide has attracted the interest of many research groups, this material has demonstrated to have many applications in thermoluminescent dosimetry and it can be used in the quantification of radiation. (Author)

Instrumentation in thermoluminescence dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Julius, H.W.

1986-01-01

In the performance of a thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) system the equipment plays an important role. Crucial parameters of instrumentation in TLD are discussed in some detail. A review is given of equipment available on the market today - with some emphasis on automation - which is partly based on information from industry and others involved in research and development. (author)

Indirect measure of X-rays spectra using TLDs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonzi, E. V.; Mainardi, R. T.

2011-10-01

A methodology of indirect measure of X-rays spectra, emitted by conventional tubes, was developed recently and its feasibility verified in the first place by Monte Carlo simulations. For that case is intended to measure, by means of plastic scintillators, attenuation curves of dispersed beams previously. In this work were carried out measurements of attenuation curves with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) to verify the kindness of the indirect measure method. The attenuation curve was also measured using an ionization chamber brand Capintec (model 192) with the purpose of making a comparison. The results of the attenuation curve measured with both dosimeters present a good resolution inside the statistical fluctuations and the spectral reconstruction using diverse parametric functions is carried out in a quick and simple way with excellent resolutions in the functional form. For this reconstruction method are of fundamental importance the following properties of the used dosimeter: in the first place the repetition of the measures, property that could check; in second place the precision of the measured data and lastly the dosimeter response, this is, the increase of the thermoluminescent signal before an increase of the photons flow of X-rays. This parameter is the gradient of the curve thermoluminescent signal versus the dose imparted to the dosimeter. The measures were realized with a generator of X-rays brand Kevex provided of a conventional tube with tungsten anti cathode that polarizes with high tension to a maximum value of 50 kV and current of 0.5 ma. (Author)

Thermoluminescence of zirconium oxide nanostructured to mammography X-ray beams

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Palacios, L.L. [Centro de Investigacion en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada-Legaria, IPN. Av. Legaria 694, 11500 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Rivera, T., E-mail: trivera@ipn.mx [Centro de Investigacion en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada-Legaria, IPN. Av. Legaria 694, 11500 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Roman, J. [Centro de Investigacion en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada-Legaria, IPN. Av. Legaria 694, 11500 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Azorin, J. [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. Av. San Rafael Atlixco 187, 09340 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Gaona, E. [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco. Calz. Del Hueso 1100, 04960 Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2012-07-15

In the present work thermoluminescent (TL) response of zirconium oxide (ZrO{sub 2}) nanostructured induced by mammography X-ray radiation was investigated. Measurements were made of the response per unit air kerma of ZrO{sub 2} with mammography equipment parameters (semiautomatic exposure control, 24 kVp and 108 mAs). The calibration curves were obtained by simultaneously irradiating ZrO{sub 2} samples and ion chamber. Samples of ZrO{sub 2} showed a linear response as a function of entrance skin air kerma. The observed results in TL properties suggest that ZrO{sub 2} nanostructured could be considered as an effective material for X-ray beams dosimetry if appropriate calibration procedures are performed. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer X-ray low energy thermoluminescent of ZrO{sub 2} dosimeter is developed. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Air kerma measurements were made by thermoluminescent dosimeter ZrO{sub 2} using mammography equipment parameters. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Entrance surface skin doses were made using thermoluminescent dosimeter of ZrO{sub 2} to X-ray beam quality control.

Thermoluminescence properties of Yb-Tb-doped SiO2 optical fiber subject to 6 and 10 MV photon irradiation

Science.gov (United States)

Sahini, M. H.; Wagiran, H.; Hossain, I.; Saeed, M. A.; Ali, H.

2014-08-01

This paper reports thermoluminescence characteristics of thermoluminescence dosimetry 100 chips and Yb-Tb-doped optical fibers irradiated with 6 and 10 MV photons. Thermoluminescence response of both dosimeters increases over a wide photon dose range from 0.5 to 4 Gy. Yb-Tb-doped optical fibers demonstrate useful thermoluminescence properties and represent a good candidate for thermoluminescence dosimetry application with ionizing radiation. The results of this fiber have been compared with those of commercially available standard thermoluminescence dosimetry-100 media. Commercially available Yb-Tb-doped optical fibers and said standard media are found to yield a linear relationship between dose- and thermoluminescence signal, although Yb-Tb-doped optical fibers provide only 10 % of the sensitivity of thermoluminescence dosimetry-100. With better thermoluminescence characteristics such as small size (125 μm diameter), high flexibility, easy of handling and low cost, as compared to other thermoluminescence materials, indicate that commercial Yb-Tb-doped optical fiber is a promising thermoluminescence material for variety of applications.

Emission Lines in the Near-infrared Spectra of the Infrared Quintuplet Stars in the Galactic Center

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Najarro, F. [Departamento de Astrofísica, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Ctra. Torrejón a Ajalvir km 4, E-28850 Torrejón de Ardoz (Spain); Geballe, T. R. [Gemini Observatory, 670 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720 (United States); Figer, D. F. [Center for Detectors, Rochester Institute of Technology, 74 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623 (United States); Fuente, D. de la [Instituto de Astronomía, Unidad Académica en Ensenada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada 22860, México (Mexico)

2017-08-20

We report the detection of a number of emission lines in the 1.0–2.4 μ m spectra of four of the five bright-infrared dust-embedded stars at the center of the Galactic center’s (GC) Quintuplet Cluster. Spectroscopy of the central stars of these objects is hampered not only by the large interstellar extinction that obscures all of the objects in the GC, but also by the large amounts of warm circumstellar dust surrounding each of the five stars. The pinwheel morphologies of the dust observed previously around two of them are indicative of Wolf–Rayet colliding wind binaries; however, infrared spectra of each of the five have until now revealed only dust continua steeply rising to long wavelengths and absorption lines and bands from interstellar gas and dust. The emission lines detected, from ionized carbon and from helium, are broad and confirm that the objects are dusty late-type carbon Wolf–Rayet stars.

Radiation induced defects and thermoluminescence mechanism in aluminum oxide

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Atobe, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Awata, T. [Naruto Univ. of Education, Tokushima (Japan); Okada, M. [Kyoto Univ., Kumatori, Osaka (Japan). Research Reactor Inst; Nakagawa, M. [Kagawa Univ., Faculty of Education, Takamatsu, Kagawa (Japan)

2001-01-01

The thermoluminescence of the irradiated aluminum oxides were measured to study the radiation induced defects and their behaviors. Neutron and {gamma}-ray irradiation were performed for a shingle crystal of the high purity aluminum oxide. The thermoluminescence glow curve and its activation energy were measured. The spectroscopy measurement on the thermoluminescence and the absorption are also carried out. The observed 430 and 340 nm peaks are discussed relating to the F{sup +} and F centers, respectively. Activation state of the F center transits to 3P state through 1P state by emitting phonons. Trapped electron on 3P state emits phonon of 2.9 eV (430 nm) during transition to the ground state. The above reaction can be written by the equation. F{sup +} + e {yields} (F){sup *} {yields} F + h{nu}(2.9 eV, 470 nm). (Katsuta, H.)

DFT study of electron absorption and emission spectra of pyramidal LnPc(OAc) complexes of some lanthanide ions in the solid state

Science.gov (United States)

Hanuza, J.; Godlewska, P.; Lisiecki, R.; Ryba-Romanowski, W.; Kadłubański, P.; Lorenc, J.; Łukowiak, A.; Macalik, L.; Gerasymchuk, Yu.; Legendziewicz, J.

2018-05-01

The electron absorption and emission spectra were measured for the pyramidal LnPc(OAc) complexes in the solid state and co-doped in silica glass, where Ln = Er, Eu and Ho. The theoretical electron spectra were determined from the quantum chemical DFT calculation using four approximations CAM-B3LYP/LANL2DZ, CAM-B3LYP/CC-PVDZ, B3LYP/LANL2DZ and B3LYP/CC-PVDZ. It was shown that the best agreement between the calculated and experimental structural parameters and spectroscopic data was reached for the CAM-B3LYP/LANL2DZ model. The emission spectra were measured using the excitations both in the ligand and lanthanide absorption ranges. The possibility of energy transfer between the phthalocyanine ligand and excited states of lanthanide ions was discussed. It was shown that the back energy transfer from metal states to phthalocyanine state is responsible for the observed emission of the studied complexes both in the polycrystalline state and silica glass.

Dose-rate dependence of thermoluminescence response

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McKeever, S.W.S.; Chen, R.; Groom, P.J.; Durrani, S.A.

1980-01-01

The previously observed dose-rate effect of thermoluminescence in quartz at high dose-rates is given at theoretical formulation. Computer calculations simulating the experimental conditions yield similar results to the experimental ones. (orig.)

Simultaneous measurement of quantum yield ratio and absorption ratio between acceptor and donor by linearly unmixing excitation-emission spectra.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, C; Lin, F; DU, M; Qu, W; Mai, Z; Qu, J; Chen, T

2018-02-13

Quantum yield ratio (Q A /Q D ) and absorption ratio (K A /K D ) in all excitation wavelengths used between acceptor and donor are indispensable to quantitative fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurement based on linearly unmixing excitation-emission spectra (ExEm-spFRET). We here describe an approach to simultaneously measure Q A /Q D and K A /K D values by linearly unmixing the excitation-emission spectra of at least two different donor-acceptor tandem constructs with unknown FRET efficiency. To measure the Q A /Q D and K A /K D values of Venus (V) to Cerulean (C), we used a wide-field fluorescence microscope to image living HepG2 cells separately expressing each of four different C-V tandem constructs at different emission wavelengths with 435 nm and 470 nm excitation respectively to obtain the corresponding excitation-emission spectrum (S DA ). Every S DA was linearly unmixed into the contributions (weights) of three excitation-emission spectra of donor (W D ) and acceptor (W A ) as well as donor-acceptor sensitisation (W S ). Plot of W S /W D versus W A /W D for the four C-V plasmids from at least 40 cells indicated a linear relationship with 1.865 of absolute intercept (Q A /Q D ) and 0.273 of the reciprocal of slope (K A /K D ), which was validated by quantitative FRET measurements adopting 1.865 of Q A /Q D and 0.273 of K A /K D for C32V, C5V, CVC and VCV constructs respectively in living HepG2 cells. © 2018 The Authors Journal of Microscopy © 2018 Royal Microscopical Society.

Study of some thermoluminescent phosphors for the dosimetry of ionizing radiations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaafari, M.

1983-01-01

Thermoluminescence dosimetry techniques are reviewed and interactions radiation matter are recalled. The need for new phosphors is evidenced. Numerous phosphors are examined and calcium, strontium and barium sulfides are synthetized and deposited on glass supports. The thermoluminescence of the dosimeters obtained with these materials is analyzed [fr

Thermoluminescence properties of micro and nano structure hydroxyapatite after gamma irradiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shafaei, Mostafa; Ziaie, Farhood; Hajiloo, Nahid [Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of). Radiation Application Research School

2016-12-15

The goal of this study is to compare the thermoluminescence properties of nano and micro structure hydroxyapatite. Nano structure hydroxyapatite was synthesized via hydrolysis method, while the micro structure one was from Merck Company. X-ray diffraction and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the crystal structure and chemical composition of the hydroxyapatite samples. Particles sizes of each sample were estimated using Scherer equation and transmission electron microscopy system. Thermoluminescence properties of the samples were investigated under gamma irradiation. The glow curves of micro and nano structure samples show a peak at 150 C and 200 C, respectively. Thermoluminescence responses of both the samples were linear in the range of 25 - 1 000 Gy where, nano structure sample show a greater slope and stronger linearity in comparison to the micro sample. The results show that the thermoluminescence response of micro sample faded rapidly in comparison to the nano sample due to the existence of the peak at higher temperature.

Thermoluminescence sensitivity variations in LiF PTFE dosemeters incurred by improper handling procedures

CERN Document Server

Mason, E W; MacKinlay, Alistair F; Saunders, D

1975-01-01

A systematic study of some anomalous darkening effects and thermoluminescence sensitivity variations observed in LiF:PTFE thermoluminescent dosemeters is described. Various likely causes of such effects have been investigated. The manufacturer's recommended cleaning procedures have been found to be inadequate and, in some cases, have been found to actually promote discolouration of the dosemeters. Recommendations are given for the successful use of LiF:PTFE thermoluminescent dosemeters in personal dosimetry.

Thermoluminescence of strontium tetraborate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santiago, M.; Caselli, E.; Lester, M.

1999-01-01

The thermoluminescent properties of crystalline strontium tetraborate are reported. Without activators it has an efficiency comparable to that of TLD-700 powder. Its fading after 40 days amount to less than 2%. The isometric plot shows that most of the emitted light is concentrated at wavelengths ranging from 350 to 450 nm, which accounts partially for the high efficiency. (author)

Studies in dosimetry using stimulated exoelectron emission

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petel, Maurice.

1976-06-01

Some applications of the stimulated exoelectron emission in radiation dosimetry are discussed. The principles which govern the phenomenon are presented. The apparatus, in particular the counter, used to monitor the emission is discussed with reference to both optical and thermal stimulation. The correlation existing between thermoluminescence and thermally stimulated exoelectron emission were studied in both lithium fluoride and aluminium oxide. Furthermore, aluminium oxides from different sources were examined, and one of these, chosen to investigate the dosimetric properties of this material using both methods of stimulation [fr

Intrinsic thermoluminescence of NaCl:Tl in UV dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barghare, S.P.; Joshi, R.V.; Joshi, T.R.; Kathuria, S.P.

1982-01-01

NaCl:Tl(T) phosphor is found to have high intrinsic thermoluminescence (TL) sensitivity to 253.7 nm UV-radiation. The dosimetric glow peak II grows sublinearly with increase in UV dose in the range 10 3 to 10 6 JM -2 . The other requirements of an efficient dosimeter material such as high storage stability, matching of the spectral response of detector tube and TL-emission from phosphor, reproducibility, desirable size and shape, easy availability in powder, pellet and crystal forms at cheaper rates, and repeated re-usability of the same phosphor without much difficulty, etc., are additional factors which strengthen the claim of NaCl:Tl(T) phosphor as UV dosimetric material. It is proposed that present NaCl:Tl(T) material is suitable TL-phosphor for UV dosimetry in the range 10 3 to 10 6 JM -2 . (author)

Thermoluminescence of Zn O thin films deposited by chemical bath

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Camacho A, M. C.; Cruz V, C.; Bernal H, R.; Berman M, D.; Castano M, V. M.

2015-10-01

Full text: Zn O films on Si were synthesized using a deposition method by chemical bath and thermally treated at 900 degrees C for 12 h in air. The morphological characterization by scanning electron microscopy reveals that uniform films were obtained. To investigate the thermoluminescent properties of the films were exposed to irradiation with beta particles with doses in the range from 0.5 to 128 Gy. The brightness curves obtained using a heating rate of 5 degrees C have two peaks, one at 124 and another at 270 degrees C, and a linear dependence of the integrated thermoluminescence as a function of dose. The second maximum reveals the existence of localized trapping states of potential utility in thermoluminescent dosimetry. (Author)

Thermoluminescent response of LiF before variation of the heating rate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barrios, R.; Avila, O.

2003-01-01

Comparisons of glow curves of lithium fluoride dosemeters TLD-100 measured to two heating rates with the purpose of quantifying the change in the temperature of the peaks 5 and 7 for the thermoluminescent reader equipment Harshaw 4000 of the thermoluminescence laboratory of the ININ were carried out. (Author)

Thermoluminescence of LaAlO{sub 3}; Termoluminescencia de LaAlO{sub 3}:Dy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morales H, A.; Zarate M, J. [Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Instituto de Investigacion en Metalurgia y Materiales, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. U, 58060 Morelia, Michoacan (Mexico); Rivera M, T. [IPN, Centro de Investigacion en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Av. Legaria 694, 11500 Mexico D. F. (Mexico); Azorin N, J., E-mail: feyo_yo@hotmail.com [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340 Mexico D. F. (Mexico)

2015-10-15

In this paper the thermoluminescent properties of doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO{sub 3}) with dysprosium ion (Dy) were studied. The thermoluminescence characteristics in the samples were obtained using an ultraviolet radiation of 220 nm. The LaAlO{sub 3}:Dy samples were prepared by the modified Pechini method (Spray Dryer). The structural and morphological characterization was obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (Sem) techniques respectively. The size particle composing the agglomerate was determined by Sem, agglomerated particles composed size of 2μm were observed. The thermoluminescence response of LaAlO{sub 3}:Dy was compared with that obtained with the undoped sample. Thermoluminescence brightness curves of LaAlO{sub 3}:Dy showed a peak centered at 185 grades C. Sensitivity of doped sample was greater, about 100 times compared with the undoped sample. Thermoluminescence response in function of the wavelength showed a maximum at 220 nm. Also the fading in thermoluminescence response was studied. (Author)

Food irradiation dosimetry using thermoluminescence of quartz sand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, H.M.; Ehlermann, D.A.E.

1993-01-01

Thermoluminescence of quartz sand, which is inert and concomitant to several food materials, has been investigated for applications in food irradiation dosimetry and detection of irradiated foods. The glow curves consist of at least three overlapping peaks from 100 to 420 C. The peak at lower temperature is not stable and decays quickly at room temperature. However, the peaks at higher temperature are stable and more useful for dosimetry work. The intensity of the peak at 360 C, measured using different optical filters, shows a linear response in the range of 0.05 to 23 kGy. Stability of these signals at different annealing temperatures has been investigated. Thermoluminescence from adhering minerals and contaminating dust in different food materials has been found useful for the detection of irradiation treatment. Since quartz is frequently one of these minerals, further computerized deconvolution of individual glow peaks from the complex glow curves of quartz sand was carried out which improves the dosimetric results. Possible applications of thermoluminescence of quartz sand in food irradiation dosimetry and detection of irradiated foods have been discussed. (orig.)

Calibration of thermoluminescence skin dosemeter response to beta emitters found in Ontario Hydro nuclear power stations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Walsh, M.L.; Agnew, D.A.; Donnelly, K.E.

1984-01-01

The response of the Ontario Hydro Thermoluminescence Dosimetry System to beta radiation in nuclear power station environments was evaluated. Synthetic beta spectra were constructed, based on activity samples from heat transport systems and fuelling machine contamination smears at nuclear power stations. Using these spectra and dosemeter energy response functions, an overall response factor for the skin dosemeter relative to skin dose at 7 mg.cm -2 was calculated. This calculation was done assuming three specific geometries: (1) an infinite uniformly contaminated plane source at a distance of 33 cm (50 mg.cm -2 total shielding) from the receptor; (2) an infinite cloud surrounding the receptor; (3) a point source at 33 cm. Based on these calculations, a conservative response factor of 0.7 has been chosen. This provides an equation for skin dose assignment, i.e. Skin Dose = 1.4 x Skin Dosemeter Reading when the skin dosemeter is directly calibrated in mGy(gamma). (author)

Angular Spectra of Polarized Galactic Foregrounds

OpenAIRE

Cho, Jung; Lazarian, A.

2003-01-01

It is believed that magnetic field lines are twisted and bend by turbulent motions in the Galaxy. Therefore, both Galactic synchrotron emission and thermal emission from dust reflects statistics of Galactic turbulence. Our simple model of Galactic turbulence, motivated by results of our simulations, predicts that Galactic disk and halo exhibit different angular power spectra. We show that observed angular spectra of synchrotron emission are compatible with our model. We also show that our mod...

New color-photographic observation of thermoluminescence from sliced rock samples

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hashimoto, Tetsuo; Kimura, Kenichi; Koyanagi, Akira; Takahashi, Kuniaki; Sotobayashi, Takeshi

1983-01-01

New observation technique has been established for the thermoluminescence photography using extremely high-sensitive color films. Considering future application to the geological fields, a granite was selected as a testing material. The sliced specimens (0.5--0.7 mm in thickness), which were irradiated with a 60 Co source, were mounted on the heater attached with a thermocouple, which was connected to a microcomputer for measuring the temperature. The samples were heated in the temperature range of 80--400 0 C by operating the camera-shutter controlled with the microcomputer. Four commercially available films (Kodak-1000(ASA), -400, Sakura-400, Fuji-400) could give apparently detectable color-images of artificial thermoluminescence above a total absorbed dose of 880 Gy(88 krad). The specimens, irradiated upto 8.4 kGy(840krad), allowed easily to distinguish the distinct appearance of the thermoluminescence images depending on kinds of white mineral constituents. Moreover, such color images were changeable with the heating temperature. Sakura-400 film has proved the most colorful images from aspects of color tone although Kodak-1000 film showed the highest sensitivity. By applying this Kodak-1000, it was found that the characteristic color image due to natural thermoluminescence was significantly observed on the Precambrian granite which was exposed with natural radiation alone since its formation. This simple and interesting technique, obtainable surface information reflecting impurities and local crystal defects in addition to small mineral constituents, was named as the thermoluminescence color imaging (abbreviated to TLCI) technique by the authors and its versatile applications were discussed. (author)

Thermoluminescent dosemeter in a X-ray diffractometer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mendoza A, D.; Gonzalez M, P.; Falcon B, T.; Castano, V.M.

1999-01-01

In this work it was presented the results obtained of the dosimetry which was realized in a X-ray diffractometer for powders, trademark Siemens D5000, using the thermoluminescent signal generated by the X-rays in the commercial dosemeter TLD-100 of Harshaw, US. In according to the results obtained, the radiation quantity received by an analysed material in the diffractometer, will be proportional to exposure time and it can vary from unities until tenths of grays. These results are very outstanding when are analysed crystalline materials in a diffractometer, for knowing the present crystalline phases, mainly if these are highly sensitive to the ionizing radiation, as it is the case of the thermoluminescent materials. (Author)

Thermoluminescence analysis can identify irradiated ingredient in soy sauce before and after pasteurization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Jeong-Eun; Sanyal, Bhaskar; Akram, Kashif; Jo, Yunhee; Baek, Ji-Yeong; Kwon, Joong-Ho

2017-01-01

Thermoluminescence (TL) analysis was conducted to identify small quantities (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) of γ ray-or electron beam-irradiated garlic powder in a soy sauce after commercial pasteurization. The sauce samples with γ ray- and electron beam-irradiated (0, 1 or 10 kGy) garlic powder showed detectable TL glow curves, characterized by radiation-induced maximum in the temperature range of 180–225 °C. The successful identification of soy sauces with an irradiation history was dependent on both the mixing ratio of the irradiated ingredient and the irradiation dose. Post-irradiation pasteurization (85 °C, 30 min) caused no considerable changes in TL glow shape or intensity. Interlaboratory tests demonstrated that the shape and intensity of the first TL glow curve (TL1) could be a better detection marker than a TL ratio (TL1/TL2). - Highlights: • Thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics were studied to identify irradiated ingredient in soy sauce. • TL emission was found to be dependent on irradiation doses and blending ratios of the ingredients. • TL technique was found to be successful in detecting irradiation status even after pasteurization. • Inter-laboratory trial gave a clear verdict on irradiation detection potential of TL technique.

Thermoluminescence kinetics of pyrite (FeS2)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silverman, A.N; Levy, P.W.; Kierstead, J.A.

1990-01-01

Thermoluminescence of pyrite (FeS 2 ) has been investigated to study the kinetics of single peak glow curves. The material used normally exhibits one large and four small peaks. However a glow curve can be obtained with only the large single peak that is suitable for testing thermoluminescence kinetics. Glow curves from aliquots of a single natural pyrite crystal studied in detail contain two low intensity thermoluminescence (TL) peaks at ∼90 degree and ∼250 degree C, and two chemiluminescence (CL) peaks at ∼350 degree and ∼430 degree C. The CL peaks are largely removable by initially heating the sample chamber under vacuum, pumping through liquid nitrogen traps, and recording glow curves immediately after helium is introduced, procedures which reduce system contaminants that react with pyrite. The shape, the variation of the temperature of the peak maximum (T max ) with dose, and the retrapping to recombination cross section ratio σ of the large 250 degree C peak are better described by the general one trap (GOT) kinetic equation, the basic equation from which the 1st and 2nd order kinetic equations are obtained as special cases (see text), than by the 1st and 2nd order equations. 12 refs., 7 figs

Revealing discriminating power of the elements in edible sea salts: Line-intensity correlation analysis from laser-induced plasma emission spectra

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Yonghoon, E-mail: yhlee@mokpo.ac.kr [Department of Chemistry, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 534-729 (Korea, Republic of); Ham, Kyung-Sik [Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 534-729 (Korea, Republic of); Han, Song-Hee [Division of Maritime Transportation System, Mokpo National Maritime University, Jeonnam 530-729 (Korea, Republic of); Yoo, Jonghyun, E-mail: jyoo@appliedspectra.com [Applied Spectra, Inc., 46665 Fremont Boulevard, Fremont, CA 94538 (United States); Jeong, Sungho [School of Mechatronics, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712 (Korea, Republic of)

2014-11-01

We have investigated the discriminating power of the elements in edible sea salts using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). For the ten different sea salts from South Korea, China, Japan, France, Mexico and New Zealand, LIBS spectra were recorded in the spectral range between 190 and 1040 nm, identifying the presence of Na, Cl, K, Ca, Mg, Li, Sr, Al, Si, Ti, Fe, C, O, N, and H. Intensity correlation analysis of the observed emission lines provided a valuable insight into the discriminating power of the different elements in the sea salts. The correlation analysis suggests that the elements with independent discrimination power can be categorized into three groups; those that represent dissolved ions in seawater (K, Li, and Mg), those that are associated with calcified particles (Ca and Sr), and those that are present in soils contained in the sea salts (Al, Si, Ti, and Fe). Classification models using a few emission lines selected based on the results from intensity correlation analysis and full broadband LIBS spectra were developed based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and their performances were compared. Our results indicate that effective combination of a few emission lines can provide a dependable model for discriminating the edible sea salts and the performance is not much degraded from that based on the full broadband spectra. This can be rationalized by the intensity correlation results. - Highlights: • Broadband LIBS spectra of various edible sea salts were obtained. • Intensity correlation of emission lines of the elements in edible sea salts was analyzed. • The elements were categorized into three groups with independent discriminating power. • The effective combination of a few lines can provide dependable classification models.

Laser readable thermoluminescent radiation dosimeters and methods for producing thereof

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Braunlich, P.F.; Tetzlaff, W.

1989-01-01

Thin layer thermoluminescent radiation dosimeters for use in laser readable dosimetry systems, and methods of fabricating such thin layer dosimeters are disclosed. The thin layer thermoluminescent radiation dosimeters include a thin substrate made from glass or other inorganic materials capable of withstanding high temperatures and high heating rates. A thin layer of a thermoluminescent phosphor material is heat bonded to the substrate using an inorganic binder such as glass. The dosimeters can be mounted in frames and cases for ease in handling. Methods of the invention include mixing a suitable phosphor composition and binder, both being in particulate or granular form. The mixture is then deposited onto a substrate such as by using mask printing techniques. The dosimeters are thereafter heated to fuse and bond the binder and phosphor to the substrate. 34 figs

Influence of thermoluminescence signal for debris flow surface materials by sunlight bleaching

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song Bo; Wei Mingjian; He Youbing; Zhou Rui; Zhao Qiuyue; Zhang Bin

2013-01-01

Thermoluminescence was utilized for measuring the thermoluminescence signals of the standard debris flow samples which were bleached by simulated sunlight and debris flow samples after real sunlight bleaching. The experiment results demonstrate that light bleaching phenomenon of the debris flow occurs when it experiences a period of exposure. The thermoluminescence signal of the samples weakens gradually with the increase of depth. The optical bleaching phenomenon is obvious. Within a certain depth, light bleaching phenomenon is enhanced with the increase of light intensity. The annealing depth of simulated sunlight bleaching experiment is about 1 mm, and the actual annealing depth of sunlight bleaching is about 6 mm. According to the equivalent dose variation with depth, the mud of natural debris flow can be divided into two stages. It has fundamental significance in the application of thermoluminescence dating techniques to divide the stages of debris flow sediments. (authors)

A microcomputer controlled thermoluminescence dosimetry system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huyskens, C.J.; Kicken, P.J.H.

1980-01-01

Using a microcomputer, an automatic thermoluminescence dosimetry system for personal dosimetry and thermoluminescence detector (TLD) research was developed. Process automation, statistical computation and dose calculation are provided by this microcomputer. Recording of measurement data, as well as dose record keeping for radiological workers is carried out with floppy disk. The microcomputer also provides a human/system interface by means of a video display and a printer. The main features of this dosimetry system are its low cost, high degree of flexibility, high degree of automation and the feasibility for use in routine dosimetry as well as in TLD research. The system is in use for personal dosimetry, environmental dosimetry and for TL-research work. Because of its modular set-up several components of the system are in use for other applications, too. The system seems suited for medium sized health physics groups. (author)

Neutrino emission spectra of collapsing degenerate stellar cores - Calculations by the Monte Carlo method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Levitan, Iu.L.; Sobol, I.M.; Khlopov, M.Iu.; Chechetkin, V.M.

1982-01-01

The variation of the hard part of the neutrino emission spectra of collapsing degenerate stellar cores with matter having a small optical depth to neutrinos is analyzed. The interaction of neutrinos with the degenerate matter is determined by processes of neutrino scattering on nuclei (without a change in neutrino energy) and neutrino scattering on degenerate electrons, in which the neutrino energy can only decrease. The neutrino emission spectrum of a collapsing stellar core in the initial stage of the onset of opacity is calculated by the Monte Carlo method: using a central density of 10 trillion g/cu cm and, in the stage of deep collapse, for a central density of 60 trillion g/cu cm. In the latter case the calculation of the spectrum without allowance for effects of neutrino degeneration in the central part of the collapsing stellar core corresponds to the maximum possible suppression of the hard part of the neutrino emission spectrum

Synthesis and thermoluminescence properties of CaF2:Tm,Ce nanoparticles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M Zahedifar

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Calcium fluoride nanoparticles doped with thulium and cerium were synthesized as a novel nanostructure by using the hydrothermal method. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS. The crystallite size of about 36 nm was estimated employing Scherer’s formula. Its shape and size were also observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM. Computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD technique revealed two overlapping thermoluminescence glow peaks at around 402 and 457 K in the complex thermoluminescence glow curve of this phosphor. Other thermoluminescence characteristics of this phosphor such as fading, reuseability and dose response recommend it as a good candidate for high dose dosimetry.

The characteristics of ESR and 3-D TL spectra of diamonds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Shunsheng; Lu Xu; Fu Huifang

2003-01-01

Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and 3-dimensional Thermoluminescence (3-D TL) spectra of natural diamond, high temperature-high pressure artificial diamond and high temperature-low pressure chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond were determined. The characteristics of spectra have been studied. It is found that isolated nitrogen, nitrogen exchange pair and nitrogen atom pair (S=1) are main forms of electron spin resonance nitrogen in natural and high temperature-high pressure artificial diamonds. The spectrum of CVD diamond is sampler, and contains only one peak caused by suspended bond of unsaturated carbon ones. For 3-D TL spectra, natural diamond has two peaks (∼370 nm and ∼510 nm) in 100-200 degree C temperature range, high temperature-high pressure artificial diamond only has ∼370 nm peak, and CVD diamond only has ∼500 nm peak. These characteristics would be useful for the quality inspection and classification of diamonds, as well as for the study of geologic actions associated with natural diamond

Changes of soft X-ray emission spectra of oxygen and copper in high Tc superconductors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukushima, Sei; Gohshi, Yohichi; Kohiki, Shigemi; Saitoh, Naoki

1989-01-01

X-ray induced soft X-ray emission spectroscopy is one of the bulk analysis methods used to characterize high-Tc superconductor. In this report, some observations on the changes in O Kα and Cu L spectra of thin layer LnBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (Ln=Er,Gd) samples are presented. From the measurement of O Kα, no discernible difference was found between those of Gd compounds which were composed single phase or not. It may be said that the electronic structure of p state localized on the O is not sensitive to the change of Tc or zero-resistance temperature. From the measurement of Cu L spectra, it was found that Cu Lα of only Gd containing compounds has a low energy shoulder

Emission spectra of photoionized plasmas induced by intense EUV pulses: Experimental and theoretical investigations

Science.gov (United States)

Saber, Ismail; Bartnik, Andrzej; Skrzeczanowski, Wojciech; Wachulak, Przemysław; Jarocki, Roman; Fiedorowicz, Henryk

2017-03-01

Experimental measurements and numerical modeling of emission spectra in photoionized plasma in the ultraviolet and visible light (UV/Vis) range for noble gases have been investigated. The photoionized plasmas were created using laser-produced plasma (LPP) extreme ultraviolet (EUV) source. The source was based on a gas puff target; irradiated with 10ns/10J/10Hz Nd:YAG laser. The EUV radiation pulses were collected and focused using grazing incidence multifoil EUV collector. The laser pulses were focused on a gas stream, injected into a vacuum chamber synchronously with the EUV pulses. Irradiation of gases resulted in a formation of low temperature photoionized plasmas emitting radiation in the UV/Vis spectral range. Atomic photoionized plasmas produced this way consisted of atomic and ionic with various ionization states. The most dominated observed spectral lines originated from radiative transitions in singly charged ions. To assist in a theoretical interpretation of the measured spectra, an atomic code based on Cowan's programs and a collisional-radiative PrismSPECT code have been used to calculate the theoretical spectra. A comparison of the calculated spectral lines with experimentally obtained results is presented. Electron temperature in plasma is estimated using the Boltzmann plot method, by an assumption that a local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) condition in the plasma is validated in the first few ionization states. A brief discussion for the measured and computed spectra is given.

Thermoluminescence dosemeter for personal dose equivalent assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, T.A. da; Rosa, L.A.R. da; Campos, L.L.

1995-01-01

The possibility was investigated of utilising a Brazilian thermoluminescence individual dosemeter, usually calibrated in terms of photon dose equivalent, for the assessment of the personal dose equivalent, H p (d), at depths of 0.07 and 10 mm. The dosemeter uses four CaSO 4 :Dy thermoluminescent detectors, between different filters, as the sensitive materials. It was calibrated in gamma and X radiation fields in the energy range from 17 to 1250 keV. Linear combinations of the responses of three detectors, in this energy range, allow the evaluation of H p (0.07) and H p (10), for radiation incidence angles varying from 0 to 60 degrees, with an accuracy better than 35%. The method is not applicable to mixed photon-beta fields. (author)

Photospheric Emission in the Joint GBM and Konus Prompt Spectra of GRB 120323A

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guiriec, S.; Kouveliotou, C. [Department of Physics, The George Washington University, 725 21st Street NW, Washington, DC 20052 (United States); Gehrels, N.; McEnery, J. [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Hartmann, D. H., E-mail: sylvain.guiriec@nasa.gov [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Kinard Lab of Physics (United States)

2017-09-10

GRB 120323A is a very intense short gamma -ray burst (GRB) detected simultaneously during its prompt γ -ray emission phase with the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and the Konus experiment on board the Wind satellite. GBM and Konus operate in the keV–MeV regime; however, the GBM range is broader toward both the low and the high parts of the γ -ray spectrum. Analyses of such bright events provide a unique opportunity to check the consistency of the data analysis as well as cross-calibrate the two instruments. We performed time-integrated and coarse time-resolved spectral analysis of GRB 120323A prompt emission. We conclude that the analyses of GBM and Konus data are only consistent when using a double-hump spectral shape for both data sets; in contrast, the single hump of the empirical Band function, traditionally used to fit GRB prompt emission spectra, leads to significant discrepancies between GBM and Konus analysis results. Our two-hump model is a combination of a thermal-like and a non-thermal component. We interpret the first component as a natural manifestation of the jet photospheric emission.

Time resolved spectra in the infrared absorption and emission from shock heated hydrocarbons

Science.gov (United States)

Bauer, S. H.; Borchardt, D. B.

1990-07-01

We have extended the wavelength range of our previously constructed multichannel, fast recording spectrometer to the mid-infrared. With the initial configuration, using a silicon-diode (photovoltaic) array, we recorded light intensities simultaneously at 20 adjacent wavelengths, each with 20 μs time resolution. For studies in the infrared the silicon diodes are replaced by a 20 element PbSe (photoconducting) array of similar dimensions (1×4 mm/element), cooled by a three-stage thermoelectric device. These elements have useful sensitivities over 1.0-6.7 μm. Three interchangeable gratings in a 1/4 m monochromator cover the following spectral ranges: 1.0-2.5 μm (resolution 33.6 cm-1) 2.5-4.5 μm (16.8 cm-1) 4.0-6.5 μm (16.7 cm-1). Incorporated in the new housing there are individually controlled bias-power sources for each detector, two stages of analogue amplification and a 20-line parallel output to the previously constructed digitizer, and record/hold computer. The immediate application of this system is the study of emission and absorption spectra of shock heated hydrocarbons-C2H2, C4H4 and C6H6-which are possible precursors of species that generate infrared emissions in the interstellar medium. It has been recently proposed that these radiations are due to PAH that emit in the infrared upon relaxation from highly excited states. However, it is possible that such emissions could be due to shock-heated low molecular-weight hydrocarbons, which are known to be present in significant abundances, ejected into the interstellar medium during stellar outer atmospheric eruptions. The full Swan band system appeared in time-integrated emission spectra from shock heated C2H2 (1% in Ar; T5eq~=2500K) no soot was generated. At low resolution the profiles on the high frequency side of the black body maximum show no distinctive features. These could be fitted to Planck curves, with temperatures that declined with time from an initial high that was intermediate between T5 (no

Interpretation of magnetic circular dichroism of X-ray emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takayama, Yasuhiro; Yoshida, Tetsuo; Nakamura, Satoshi; Sasaki, Naoya; Ishii, Hiroyoshi; Miyahara, Tsuneaki

2006-01-01

We have measured the dependence of the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) of the X-ray emission spectra (XES) on the temperature and incident angle for a Gd thin film. The energy of the incident photon for the XES was 138.25eV, which corresponded to the resonant excitation to the 8 D 9/2 intermediate state. The dependence of the observed MCD on the temperature and incident angle was quite different from that of the magnetic moment estimated with a SQUID magnetometer. By considering the reflection, saturation effect, self-absorption effect and magnetic anisotropy of the thin film, the agreement of the two behaviors was considerably improved. This result shows that the revisions of the MCD of the XES are extremely important for the quantitative estimation of the magnetic moment from the MCD of the XES. (author)

Thermoluminescence dosimetry environmental monitoring system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bortoluzzi, S.

1989-01-01

In this report, characteristics and performances of an environmental monitoring system with thermoluminescence dosimetry are presented. Most of the work deals with the main physical parameters necessary for measurements of ambiental dose. At the end of this report some of level doses in the environment around the site of the ENEA Center of Energy Research Salluggia (Italy) are illustrated

Physical principles of thermoluminescence and recent developments in its measurement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Levy, P.W.

1974-01-01

The physical principles which are the basis of thermoluminescence techniques for dating and authenticating archaeological and fine art objects are described in non-technical terms. Included is a discussion of the interaction of alpha particles, beta rays, i.e., energetic electrons, and gamma rays with solids, particularly electron-hole ion pair formation, and the trapping of charges by crystal imperfections. Also described is the charge-release process induced by heating and the accompanying emission of luminescence resulting from charge recombination and retrapping. The basic procedure for dating and/or authenticating an artifact is described in a ''how it is done'' manner. Lastly, recently developed apparatus is described for simultaneously measuring luminescent light intensity and wavelength and sample temperature. Examples of studies made with this ''3-D'' apparatus are given and applications to dating and authenticating are described. (U.S.)

Thermoluminescent dosimetry of new phosphors of Zn O exposed to beta radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cruz V, C.; Burruel I, S.E.; Grijalva M, H.; Barboza F, M.; Bernal, R.

2004-01-01

In this work, we report the thermoluminescence dosimetry of a new Zn O phosphor obtained by annealing of Zn S powder precipitated when Zn S films were grown by employing a CBD method. The collected Zn S powder was pressed in a die to form pellets which were subjected to different thermal treatments under air atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and energy-dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDS) analyses confirmed the transformation of Zn S to Zn O. The phosphors thus obtained were exposed to high doses of beta radiation and their thermoluminescent dosimetry show that these new phosphors are materials suitable to be used in high dose thermoluminescence dosimetry. (Author)

Phosphorescent Molecularly Doped Light-Emitting Diodes with Blended Polymer Host and Wide Emission Spectra

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jun Wang

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Stable green light emission and high efficiency organic devices with three polymer layers were fabricated using bis[2-(4′-tert-butylphenyl-1-phenyl-1H-benzoimidazole-N,C2′] iridium(III (acetylacetonate doped in blended host materials. The 1 wt% doping concentration showed maximum luminance of 7841 cd/cm2 at 25.6 V and maximum current efficiency of 9.95 cd/A at 17.2 V. The electroluminescence spectra of devices indicated two main peaks at 522 nm and 554 nm coming from phosphor dye and a full width at half maximum (FWHM of 116 nm. The characteristics of using blended host, doping iridium complex, emission spectrum, and power efficiency of organic devices were investigated.

Fourier transform infrared emission spectra of MnH and MnD

Science.gov (United States)

Gordon, Iouli E.; Appadoo, Dominique R. T.; Shayesteh, Alireza; Walker, Kaley A.; Bernath, Peter F.

2005-01-01

Fourier transform infrared emission spectra of MnH and MnD were observed in the ground X7Σ + electronic state. The vibration-rotation bands from v = 1 → 0 to v = 3 → 2 for MnH and from v = 1 → 0 to v = 4 → 3 for MnD were recorded at an instrumental resolution of 0.0085 cm -1. Spectroscopic constants were determined for each vibrational level and equilibrium constants were found from a Dunham-type fit. The equilibrium vibrational constant ( ωe) for MnH was found to be 1546.84518(65) cm -1, the equilibrium rotational constant ( Be) is 5.6856789(103) cm -1 and the eqilibrium bond distance ( re) was determined to be 1.7308601(47) Å.

Thermoluminescent signal fading of encapsulated lif: Mg,Ti detectors in PTFE-Teflon registered trademark

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sasho Nikolovski, Sasho; Nikolovska, Lidija; Velevska, Marija; Velev, Velko

2010-01-01

Fading is a process when the latent information of a detector is unintentionally lost mainly due to the thermal influence. Thermoluminescent (TL) detectors have different sensitivities as far as the fading effect. Encapsulated TL detectors mounted within shielded filter holders are used during the personal monitoring of occupationally exposed persons in R. Macedonia. PTFE-Teflon registered trademark polymer is an example of encapsulation material that has a temperature resistance and it allows the luminescence signal to pass through. Since the encapsulated TL detectors cannot be submitted to annealing treatment in an oven, another fading reduction method is needed. The TL evaluation method suggested in this work is based on a specific glow-curve region. Irradiations were conducted using 90Sr/90Y source. Post-irradiation fade investigations were conducted for evaluation periods that varied up to 4 months. Two areas of the TL glow-curve were selected with the WimRems software. They correspond to the high and the low fading emission peaks (the lower temperature peaks display a greater degree of thermal fading than the higher temperature peaks). Post-irradiation fade is a contributing factor that affects the response of a thermoluminescent (TL) phosphor as a function of time. PTFE - Polytetrafluoroethylene most well known by the DuPont brand name Teflon registered trademark. (Author)

Thermoluminescence of magnesium doped zirconium oxide (ZrO2:Mg) UV irradiated

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rivera Montalvo, Teodoro; Furetta, Claudio

2008-01-01

Full text: The monitoring of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) different thermoluminescent (TL) materials have been used to measure UVR. UV dosimetry using thermoluminescence phenomena has been suggested in the past by several authors. This technique has an advantage over others methods due to the readout of the samples. Other advantages of these phosphors are their small size, portability, lack of any power requirements, linear response to increasing radiation dose and high sensitivity. Zirconium oxide, recently received full attention in view of their possible use as thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), if doped with suitable activators, in radiation dosimetry. In the present investigation thermoluminescent (TL) properties of magnesium doped zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 :Mg) under ultraviolet radiation (UVR) were studied. The ZrO 2 :Mg powder of size 30-40 nm, having mono clinical structure, exhibit a thermoluminescent glow curve with one peak centered at 180 C degrees. The TL response of ZrO 2 :Mg as a function ultraviolet radiation exhibits four maxima centered at 230, 260, 310 and 350 nmn. TL response of ZrO 2 :Mg as a function of spectral irradiance of UV Light was linear in a wide range. Fading and reusability of the phosphor were also studied. The results showed that ZrO 2 :Mg nano powder has the potential to be used as a UV dosemeter in UVR dosimetry. (author)

Carbon doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3:C) UV thermoluminescent properties synthesized by solid state reaction with three different mixing methodologies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alves, N.

2017-01-01

In this work we discuss the thermoluminescent (TL) response for LaAlO 3 :C crystals grown by using three different combinations of Al 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 and carbon atoms during the synthesis process. Recently, LaAlO 3 single crystals, co-doped with Ce 3+ and Dy 3+ rare earth trivalent ions and grown under hydrothermal conditions, have been reported to show high thermoluminescent response (TL) when exposed to low levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). However, undoped LaAlO 3 synthesized by solid state reaction method from the 1:1 mixture of aluminum and lanthanum oxide under reducing atmosphere revealed to have still higher thermoluminescent sensitivity to UV photon fields than the co-doped with Ce 3+ and Dy 3+ . It is well known that carbon doped aluminum oxide monocrystals have excellent TL and photoluminescent response properties for X-rays, UV and gamma radiation fields. Thus, we conducted three different syntheses of LaAlO 3 by the solid state reaction method, doping the mixture with carbon. The lanthanum aluminate polycrystals were synthesized from the 1:1 mixture of aluminum and lanthanum oxide, adding 0.1wt.% carbon and annealed at 1700°C for two hours in hydrogen atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of rhombohedral LaAlO 3 crystallographic phase, however a small percentage (15%) of Al 2 O 3 has been also identified. The UV-Vis absorbance spectra were obtained and F and F + - center were ascribed. The UV irradiations were carried out using a commercial 8W UV lamp. Thermoluminescence measurements were performed at a Harshaw 4500 TL reader. All compositions investigated have shown high TL sensitivity to UVR. (author)

Analysis of the X-ray emission spectra of copper, germanium and rubidium plasmas produced at the Phelix laser facility

Science.gov (United States)

Comet, M.; Pain, J.-C.; Gilleron, F.; Piron, R.; Denis-Petit, D.; Méot, V.; Gosselin, G.; Morel, P.; Hannachi, F.; Gobet, F.; Tarisien, M.; Versteegen, M.

2017-03-01

We present the analysis of X-ray emission spectra of copper, germanium and rubidium plasmas measured at the Phelix laser facility. The laser intensity was around 6×1014 W.cm-2. The analysis is based on the hypothesis of an homogeneous plasma in local thermodynamic equilibrium using an effective temperature. This temperature is deduced from hydrodynamic simulations and collisional-radiative computations. Spectra are then calculated using the LTE opacity codes OPAMCDF and SCO-RCG and compared to experimental data.

Detection and thermoluminescence of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) irradiated with 60Co

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ruiz G, B.; Cruz Z, E.; Barboza F, M.

2009-10-01

The fresh and dried coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is a spice of high commercial value as food for consumption in Mexico. Their hygienic quality is often poor due to some factors: contaminants present in irrigation water and the cultivation atmosphere, harvesting and post harvest handling, mainly. The process by radiation is an alternative to achieve the sterilization to adequate dose for the hygienic quality for its consumption. However, irradiation also involves food detection exposed to radiation. This paper presents detected results on the dried coriander that was obtained from fresh samples and thermoluminescent properties such as glow curves structure from low doses (0.5 Gy) to high (15 kGy), the dose response, thermoluminescent signal decay, in order to determine the loss of stability during the storage of the poly mineral fraction. We obtained the inorganic fraction separation of the organic part of particle sizes of 10 μm by the Zimmerman method. The samples were exposed at two dose ranges; 0.5-400 Gy and 0.5-15 kGy of gamma radiation with 60 Co. The limit of thermoluminescent detection of the irradiated coriander samples was from 1 Gy. The glow curves were at a broad band of 35-400 C, with a maximum thermoluminescence around 182-196 C, and run at 164 C for high doses of 15 kGy. The range of linear response to dose was 4-25 Gy, whereas higher doses than the kGy order the response increase with the dose. The thermoluminescent properties of the coriander poly mineral fraction, show it can be used to identify irradiated food at gamma doses relatively low and even in doses of commercial interest due to the high stability of thermoluminescent signals. (Author)

Thermoluminescent dosimetric characterization of the perovskite, KMgF3, activated with lanthanum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sepulveda M, F.

2003-01-01

The new ICRP regulation about the Radiological Protection allows to the different groups to study new thermoluminescent materials highly sensitive for dosimetric applications (personal and environmental). This work reports the relative experimental results to the thermoluminescent characteristic of a new preparation of the fluorine perovskite activated with lanthanum absorbed in polytetrafluoroethylene (KMgF 3 : LaF 3 + Ptfe). The main thermoluminescent properties investigated were: the TL response like a function of the absorbed dose, the attainable accuracy in the dose measurement, the reproducibility of the TL readings and the threshold dose. The obtained results were compared with the requirements of the ANSI protocol for the environmental dosimetry, resulting in a very good agreement with the required yields. (Author)

Combination of archaeomagnetism and thermoluminescence for precision dating

Science.gov (United States)

Becker, H.; Göksu, H. Y.; Regulla, D. F.

Archaeomagnetic dating was applied to two chalk-burning ovens from an early medieval noble-cemetery. Usually this method allows dating by the investigation of the geomagnetic declination and inclination through the thermoremanent magnetisation of baked clay in situ. However, in this case the method resulted in multiple dates since it was not possible to distinguish the brainching of the geomagnetic secular variation curve. Thermoluminescence dating was applied to the same samples to overcome the problem of multiple dates. This first combined application of archaeomagnetism and thermoluminescence for dating yielded A.D. 670±30 for the two ovens, which dates the first stone-church at the site after a wooden predecessor archeologically dated A.D. 620-630.

Study on carbonated hydroxyapatite as a thermoluminescence dosimeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shafaei, M.; Sardari, D.; Ziaie, F.; Larijani, M.M.

2015-01-01

In this study, carbonated hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were used for thermoluminescence dosimetry. The nano-structure carbonated hydroxyapatite synthesized via hydrolysis of CaHPO 4 and CaCO 3 . The obtained nano powders were characterized by XRD technique and FTIR spectroscopy system. The carbonated hydroxyapatite samples were irradiated at different doses using 60 Co gamma rays, and were subjected to thermoluminescence measurement system, consequently. The TL glow curve exhibited two distinguishable peaks centered at around of 165 C and 310 C. The TL response of carbonated hydroxyapatite samples as a function of absorbed dose was linear in the range of 25-1000 Gy. Other dosimetric features of the carbonated hydroxyapatite nanoparticles including fading and reproducibility were also investigated.

Thermoluminescence in films of HfO2:Dy+3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ceron, P.; Rivera, T.; Guzman, J.; Montes, E.; Pelaez, A.; Rojas, B.; Guzman, D.; Azorin, J.; Paredes, L.

2014-08-01

In this work the thermoluminescence (TL) response of films of hafnium oxide polluted with dysprosium (HfO 2 :Dy +3 ) that were irradiated in the near UV (200 nm - 400 nm). The films were deposited by means of the ultrasonics spray pyrolysis technique on a glass substrate, using different deposit temperatures (300 grades C - 600 grades C). The best TL emission corresponded to the prepared film to 450 grades C that was exposed to a spectral irradiation of 80 μJ/(cm 2 -s) with a wave longitude of 240 nm. The TL response in function of the spectral irradiation was lineal in the studied interval (24 to 288 mJ/cm 2 ), several kinetic parameters were also calculated of the shine curve as depth of the trap (E), frequency factor (s) and order to the kinetics (b). The obtained results show that the films of HfO 2 :Dy +3 could be used as radiation monitor in the region of the near UV. (Author)

Report on the results of the third intercomparison study of thermoluminescent dosimeters for environmental measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Driscoll, C.M.H.

1988-01-01

Scientific laboratories within the Member States of the European Communities have a continuing interest in the use and development of both thermoluminescent dosimeters and thermoluminescence measurement techniques for the assessment of exposure from environmental gamma radiation. In the United Kingdom, for example, environmental thermoluminescent dosimeters have been developed by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and used in a national survey of indoor radiation exposure. Other laboratories in various Member States are currently involved in similar studies of natural radiation exposure or are using thermoluminescent dosimeters for environmental measurements at reactor sites. Therefore, it is appropriate that such laboratories have facilities within the European Community for standardization and intercomparison of their environmental measurement techniques

Study of the structural characteristics of a group of natural silicates by means of their Kβ emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Torres Deluigi, Maria Torres; Strasser, Edgardo N.; Vasconcellos, Marcos A.Z.; Riveros, Jose A.

2006-01-01

In this work, the Si Kβ and Al Kβ emission spectra of a group of natural silicates typical of a region in San Luis (Argentina) are described qualitatively within the frame of the Molecular Orbital (MO) theory. Since these spectra come from electron transitions from valence orbitals, they offer information on the chemical bonds that are present and on the molecular orbitals involved. The spectra were obtained by means of an electron microprobe. The energies, intensities and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the lines that conform the silicon and aluminium Kβ spectra were quantified. It was observed that an increase in the number of oxygen ions shared by the tetrahedra (SiO 4 ) 4- caused a lineal increase in the FWHM of the Si Kβ 1,3 and Al Kβ 1,3 lines. This behavior is caused by the increase of the covalent character of the Si-O and Al-O bonds with the quantity of oxygen ions shared by the adjacent tetrahedra

Effect of particle size on the thermoluminescent response of hydroxyapatite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barrera V, A.; Zarate M, J.; Contreras, M. E.; Rivera M, T.

2016-10-01

We present the study of the structural characterization and the thermoluminescent response of the hydroxyapatite as a function of the calcination temperature and the effect of the particle size. For precipitation synthesis, calcium nitrate (Ca(NO_3)_2 and dibasic ammonium phosphate ((NH_4)_2HPO_4) were used as precursors and ammonium hydroxide (NH_4OH) as a ph controlling agent. The characterization of the samples was carried out by the techniques of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The powders obtained are composed of hydroxyapatite, with a different degree of dehydroxylation. The thermoluminescent characterization indicates that at higher calcination temperature there is a higher thermoluminescent response, the calcined powders at 1300 degrees Celsius show a very well defined brightness curve with a higher intensity, with its maximum intensity located at a temperature of 210 degrees Celsius, which indicates that this material can be used as a dosimeter. (Author)

Surface defect assisted broad spectra emission from CdSe quantum dots for white LED application

Science.gov (United States)

Samuel, Boni; Mathew, S.; Anand, V. R.; Correya, Adrine Antony; Nampoori, V. P. N.; Mujeeb, A.

2018-02-01

This paper reports, broadband photoluminescence from CdSe quantum dots (QDs) under the excitation of 403 nm using fluorimeter and 403 nm CW laser excitation. The broad spectrum obtained from the colloidal quantum dots was ranges from 450 nm to 800 nm. The broadness of the spectra was attributed to the merging of band edge and defect driven emissions from the QDs. Six different sizes of particles were prepared via kinetic growth method by using CdO and elemental Se as sources of Cd and Se respectively. The particle sizes were measured from TEM images. The size dependent effect on broad emission was also studied and the defect state emission was found to be predominant in very small QDs. The defect driven emission was also observed to be redshifted, similar to the band edge emission, due to quantum confinement effect. The emission corresponding to different laser power was also studied and a linear relation was obtained. In order to study the colour characteristics of the emission, CIE chromaticity coordinate, CRI and CCT of the prepared samples were measured. It is observed that, these values were tunable by the addition of suitable intensity of blue light from the excitation source to yield white light of various colour temperatures. The broad photoluminescence spectrum of the QDs, were compared with that of a commercially available white LED. It was found that the prepared QDs are good alternatives for the phosphor in phosphor converted white LEDs, to provide good spectral tunability.

Carbon doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO{sub 3}:C) UV thermoluminescent properties synthesized by solid state reaction with three different mixing methodologies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alves, N., E-mail: neire.radiologia@yahoo.com.br, E-mail: farialo@cdtn.br [Universidade Federal do Estado de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Departamento de Engenharia Nuclear; Ferraz, W.B.; Faria, L.O., E-mail: ferrazw@cdtn.br [Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN/CNEN-MG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)

2017-07-01

In this work we discuss the thermoluminescent (TL) response for LaAlO{sub 3}:C crystals grown by using three different combinations of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, La{sub 2}O{sub 3} and carbon atoms during the synthesis process. Recently, LaAlO{sub 3} single crystals, co-doped with Ce{sup 3+} and Dy{sup 3+} rare earth trivalent ions and grown under hydrothermal conditions, have been reported to show high thermoluminescent response (TL) when exposed to low levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). However, undoped LaAlO{sub 3} synthesized by solid state reaction method from the 1:1 mixture of aluminum and lanthanum oxide under reducing atmosphere revealed to have still higher thermoluminescent sensitivity to UV photon fields than the co-doped with Ce{sup 3+} and Dy{sup 3+}. It is well known that carbon doped aluminum oxide monocrystals have excellent TL and photoluminescent response properties for X-rays, UV and gamma radiation fields. Thus, we conducted three different syntheses of LaAlO{sub 3} by the solid state reaction method, doping the mixture with carbon. The lanthanum aluminate polycrystals were synthesized from the 1:1 mixture of aluminum and lanthanum oxide, adding 0.1wt.% carbon and annealed at 1700°C for two hours in hydrogen atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of rhombohedral LaAlO{sub 3} crystallographic phase, however a small percentage (15%) of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} has been also identified. The UV-Vis absorbance spectra were obtained and F and F{sup +}- center were ascribed. The UV irradiations were carried out using a commercial 8W UV lamp. Thermoluminescence measurements were performed at a Harshaw 4500 TL reader. All compositions investigated have shown high TL sensitivity to UVR. (author)

Thermoluminescent and optical processes in alkaline halogenides dosemeters contaminated with Europium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barboza F, M.; Melendrez, R.; Castaneda, B.; Pedroza M, M.; Chernov, V.; Perez S, R.; Aceves, R.

2000-01-01

Recent research results are presented about the properties of the optical processes of photo transferred thermoluminescence (TLFT), optical whitening (BO), thermoluminescence induced by light (TLL) and its effect in the thermoluminescent curve (Tl) produced by ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. The systematic analysis of all these processes, acquires a singular importance due that actually the alkaline halogenide crystals are object of intense investigations which analyse their potential applications as detectors and radiation dosemeters through stimulated optical luminescence techniques or thermoluminescence. The obtained data show that the Tl curve of material with this nature can be enormously affected by exposure of phosphorus to the environmental light or UV. This is in part due to liberation processes of charge bearers are shouted and makes a subsequent trapping in less temperature traps; at the same time that induce changes in the intensity of determined Tl bands. Additionally, also it is observed that mentioned phenomena are related as with wavelength of incident light as of the illumination time. Finally, the obtained information allows to conclude that although the illumination effect is extremely complex, it is associated and can be explained mainly with phenomena that implicate the electrons excitation trapped in form of F centers and trapping mechanisms or radioactive and non-radioactive recombination. (Author)

Thermoluminescence properties of irradiated commercial color pencils for accidental retrospective dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meriç, Niyazi; Şahiner, Eren; Bariş, Aytaç; Polymeris, George S.

2015-01-01

Color pencils are widely used mostly in kindergartens, in schools and could be found in all houses with families having young children. Their wide spread use in modern times as well as their chemical composition, consisting mostly of Si and Al, constitute two strong motivations towards exploiting their use as accidental retrospective thermoluminescent dosimeters. The present manuscript reports on the study of colored pencils manufactured by a commercial brand in China which is very common throughout Turkey. The preliminary results discussed in the present work illustrated encouraging characteristics, such as the presence of a trapping level giving rise to natural TL in a temperature range that is sufficiently high. Specific thermoluminescence features of this peak, such as glow peak shape and analysis, anomalous fading, thermal quenching, reproducibility, linearity and recovery ability to low attributed doses were studied. The results suggest that the color pencils could be effectively used in the framework of retrospective thermoluminescent dosimetry with extreme caution, based on multiple aliquot protocols. - Highlights: • Thermoluminescence of the inner part of commercial colored pencils was studied. • The presence of a trapping level giving rise to natural TL at 260 °C was yielded. • Deco analysis, anomalous fading, thermal quenching, reproducibility, linearity and recovery ability of this peak were studied

Fast neutron dosimetry using CaSO4:Dy thermoluminescent dosimeters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azorin, N.G.; Salvi, C.R.; Rubio, J.L.; Gutierrez, C.A.

1980-01-01

The use of CaSO 4 :Dy phosphor powder in fast neutron dose measurements using the activation of sulphur from the 32 S(n,p) 32 P reaction is described. The thermoluminescence induced during the irradiation and that due to the decay of short-lived activation products, is erased by annealing the dosimeters after a post-irradiation time of 3 days. The self-induced thermoluminescence measured at different intervals of post-irradiation time, gives an estimation of the fast neutron dose to which the dosimeters were exposed

Spectra calculations in central and wing regions of CO2 IR bands between 10 and 20 μm. III: atmospheric emission spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Niro, F.; Clarmann, T. von; Jucks, K.; Hartmann, J.-M.

2005-01-01

A theoretical model for the prediction of CO 2 absorption in both central and wing regions of infrared absorption bands was presented in the companion paper I. It correctly accounts for line-mixing effects and was validated by comparisons with laboratory spectra in the 600-1000 cm -1 region. This quality was confirmed using atmospheric transmissions measured by solar occultation experiments in the second paper. The present work completes these studies by now considering atmospheric emission in the 10-20 μm range. Comparisons are made between computed atmospheric radiances and measurements obtained using four different Fourier transform experiments collecting spectra for nadir, up-looking, as well as limb (from balloon and satellite) geometries. Our results confirm that using a Voigt model can lead to very large errors that affect the spectrum more than 300 cm -1 away from the center of the CO 2 ν 2 band. They also demonstrate the capability of our model to represent accurately the radiances in the entire region for a variety of atmospheric paths. This success opens interesting perspectives for the sounding of pressure and temperature profiles, particularly at low altitudes. Another benefit of the quality of the model should be an increased accuracy in the retrieval of atmospheric state parameters from broad features in the measured spectra (clouds, aerosols, heavy trace gases)

Thermoluminescence dosimeters with narrow bandpass filters

Science.gov (United States)

Walker, Scottie W.

2004-07-20

A dosimetry method exposes more than one thermoluminescence crystals to radiation without using conventional filters, and reads the energy stored in the crystals by converting the energy to light in a conventional manner, and then filters each crystal output in a different portion of the spectrum generated by the crystals.

Photoluminescence, trap states and thermoluminescence decay ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Administrator

Photoluminescence, trap states and thermoluminescence decay process study of Ca2MgSi2O7 : Eu. 2+. , Dy. 3+ phosphor. RAVI SHRIVASTAVA*, JAGJEET KAUR, VIKAS DUBEY and BEENA JAYKUMAR. Govt. VYT PG Autonomous College, Durg 491 001, (C.G.) India. MS received 9 July 2013; revised 5 December 2013.

Modeling of aircraft exhaust emissions and infrared spectra for remote measurement of nitrogen oxides

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

K. Beier

1994-08-01

Full Text Available Infrared (IR molecular spectroscopy is proposed to perform remote measurements of NOx concentrations in the exhaust plume and wake of aircraft. The computer model NIRATAM is applied to simulate the physical and chemical properties of the exhaust plume and to generate low resolution IR spectra and synthetical thermal images of the aircraft in its natural surroundings. High-resolution IR spectra of the plume, including atmospheric absorption and emission, are simulated using the molecular line-by-line radiation model FASCODE2. Simulated IR spectra of a Boeing 747-400 at cruising altitude for different axial and radial positions in the jet region of the exhaust plume are presented. A number of spectral lines of NO can be identified that can be discriminated from lines of other exhaust gases and the natural atmospheric background in the region around 5.2 µm. These lines can be used to determine NO concentration profiles in the plume. The possibility of measuring nitrogen dioxide NO2 is also discussed briefly, although measurements turn out to be substantially less likely than those of NO. This feasibility study compiles fundamental data for the optical and radiometric design of an airborne Fourier transform spectrometer and the preparation of in-flight measurements for monitoring of aircraft pollutants.

Modeling of aircraft exhaust emissions and infrared spectra for remote measurement of nitrogen oxides

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

K. Beier

Full Text Available Infrared (IR molecular spectroscopy is proposed to perform remote measurements of NO_x concentrations in the exhaust plume and wake of aircraft. The computer model NIRATAM is applied to simulate the physical and chemical properties of the exhaust plume and to generate low resolution IR spectra and synthetical thermal images of the aircraft in its natural surroundings. High-resolution IR spectra of the plume, including atmospheric absorption and emission, are simulated using the molecular line-by-line radiation model FASCODE2. Simulated IR spectra of a Boeing 747-400 at cruising altitude for different axial and radial positions in the jet region of the exhaust plume are presented. A number of spectral lines of NO can be identified that can be discriminated from lines of other exhaust gases and the natural atmospheric background in the region around 5.2 µm. These lines can be used to determine NO concentration profiles in the plume. The possibility of measuring nitrogen dioxide NO₂ is also discussed briefly, although measurements turn out to be substantially less likely than those of NO. This feasibility study compiles fundamental data for the optical and radiometric design of an airborne Fourier transform spectrometer and the preparation of in-flight measurements for monitoring of aircraft pollutants.

Analysis of the thermoluminescent signal in the hydroxyapatite synthesized by the sol-gel method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mendoza A, D.; Gonzalez, P.R.; Lobato, M.; Rubio, E.; Rodriguez L, V.; Custodio, E.

2004-01-01

The physical properties of the ceramics are related with the chemical bonds and the crystalline structure, because the elements that constitute it can be united by ionic bonds or partially ionic giving a covalent character, this last causes that the outer layer is full of electrons. This property makes that the ceramic ones become interesting materials for thermoluminescent applications, as it demonstrates through the recent works presented on the hydroxyapatite that is a ceramic biomaterials that has shown an interesting thermoluminescent signal when being exposed to gamma radiation. In this sense, this work presents the thermoluminescent signal analysis induced by the UV and gamma radiation in a particular type of hydroxyapatite synthesized by sol gel method in which the temperature synthesis is varied. The final thermoluminescent sensitivity of materials is correlated with the crystalline degree, which is analysed through X-ray diffraction. (Author)

Paradigms and challenges for bioapplication of rare earth upconversion luminescent nanoparticles: small size and tunable emission/excitation spectra.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Ling-Dong; Wang, Ye-Fu; Yan, Chun-Hua

2014-04-15

Rare earth (RE) materials, which are excited in the ultraviolet and emit in the visible light spectrum, are widely used as phosphors for lamps and displays. In the 1960's, researchers reported an abnormal emission phenomenon where photons emitted from a RE element carried more energy than those absorbed, owing to the sequential energy transfer between two RE ions--Yb(3+)-sensitized Er(3+) or Tm(3+)--in the solid state. After further study, researchers named this abnormal emission phenomenon upconversion (UC) emission. More recent approaches take advantage of solution-based synthesis, which allows creation of homogenous RE nanoparticles (NPs) with controlled size and structure that are capable of UC emission. Such nanoparticles are useful for many applications, especially in biology. For these applications, researchers seek small NPs with high upconversion emission intensity. These UCNPs have the potential to have multicolor and tunable emissions via various activators. A vast potential for future development remains by developing molecular antennas and energy transfer within RE ions. We expect UCNPs with optimized spectra behavior to meet the increasing demand of potential applications in bioimaging, biological detection, and light conversion. This Account focuses on efforts to control the size and modulate the spectra of UCNPs. We first review efforts in size control. One method is careful control of the synthesis conditions to manipulate particle nucleation and growth, but more recently researchers have learned that the doping conditions can affect the size of UCNPs. In addition, constructing homogeneous core/shell structures can control nanoparticle size by adjusting the shell thickness. After reviewing size control, we consider how diverse applications impose different requirements on excitation and/or emission photons and review recent developments on tuning of UC spectral profiles, especially the extension of excitation/emission wavelengths and the adjustment

Thermoluminescence studies in geology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sankaran, A.V.; Sunta, C.M.; Nambi, K.S.V.; Bapat, V.N.

1980-01-01

Even though the phenomenon of thermoluminescence is well studied, particularly over last 3 decades, its potentialities in the field of geology have not been adequately evaluated. In this report several useful applications of TL in mineralogy, petrogenesis, stratigraphy, tectonics, ore-prospecting and other branches have been identified with particular emphasis to the Indian scene. Important areas in the country that may provide the basic material for such studies are indicated at the end along with brief geological or mineralogical accounts. (auth.)

UV light-induced thermoluminescence of Er + Li doped ZrO2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hristov, H; Arhangelova, N; Velev, V; Penev, I; Bello, M; Moschini, G; Uzunov, N

2010-01-01

Analysis of the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of ZrO 2 doped with Eu and Li has been conducted. Different quantities of lithium co-dopant have been added as Li 2 CO 3 to a mixture of ZrO 2 with 1wt% Er. Pellets sintered at a temperature of 1200 0 C have been prepared and the kinetic parameters of the phosphors have been studied after irradiation with UV light. It has been shown that the addition of 8 to 10 wt% of Li to the mixture of ZrO 2 with 1wt% Er yields a maximum intensity of the peaks at 65 0 C and at 105 0 C. Spectral emission and spectral sensitivity of the phosphors have been studied. The analysis applied to TL glow curves, obtained from the UV irradiated phosphors and kept after the irradiation at different times in a dark storage, revealed that the peaks at 65 0 C and 105 0 C have relatively long fading. It is concluded that the phosphors thus obtained possess a good sensitivity to the UV emission and could be appropriate phosphors for detection and quantitative measurements of UV light.

Computing the Absorption and Emission Spectra of 5-Methylcytidine in Different Solvents: A Test-Case for Different Solvation Models.

Science.gov (United States)

Martínez-Fernández, L; Pepino, A J; Segarra-Martí, J; Banyasz, A; Garavelli, M; Improta, R

2016-09-13

The optical spectra of 5-methylcytidine in three different solvents (tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, and water) is measured, showing that both the absorption and the emission maximum in water are significantly blue-shifted (0.08 eV). The absorption spectra are simulated based on CAM-B3LYP/TD-DFT calculations but including solvent effects with three different approaches: (i) a hybrid implicit/explicit full quantum mechanical approach, (ii) a mixed QM/MM static approach, and (iii) a QM/MM method exploiting the structures issuing from molecular dynamics classical simulations. Ab-initio Molecular dynamics simulations based on CAM-B3LYP functionals have also been performed. The adopted approaches all reproduce the main features of the experimental spectra, giving insights on the chemical-physical effects responsible for the solvent shifts in the spectra of 5-methylcytidine and providing the basis for discussing advantages and limitations of the adopted solvation models.

Study of a new glass matrix by the thermoluminescence technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, Pamela Z.; Vedovato, Uly P.; Cunha, Diego M. da; Dantas, Noelio O.; Silva, Anielle C.A.; Neves, Lucio P.; Perini, Ana P.; Carrera, Betzabel N.S.; Watanabe, Shigueo

2015-01-01

The thermoluminescence technique is widely used for both personal and for high-dose dosimetry. In this work, the thermoluminescence technique was utilized to study a new glass matrix, with nominal composition of 20Li 2 CO 3 .10Al 2 O 3 .20BaO.50B 2 O 3 (mol%), irradiated with different doses in a 60 Co source. The glow curves and the dose-response curve were obtained for radiation doses between 50 Gy and 900 Gy. The results showed that this new glass matrix presents potential use in high-dose dosimetry. (author)

Effects of the background environment on formation, evolution and emission spectra of laser-induced plasmas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Giacomo, A.; Dell'Aglio, M.; Gaudiuso, R.; Amoruso, S.; De Pascale, O.

2012-01-01

In this paper the most important features of Laser Induced Plasma (LIP) evolution were analyzed from the fundamental point of view, in order to point out the effects of background environment on the plasma emission spectra. In particular, the main differences between air and vacuum Laser-Induced Breakdown (LIBS) are discussed, as well as those arising in high-pressure gases and in liquid environment. As can be expected, the dynamics of the plasma is strongly dependent on the environment where the plasma itself expands, which can be exploited for several different applications, ranging from chemical analysis and process diagnostics to materials science. The effect of other experimental conditions, such as the state of aggregation of the irradiated target, and the effect of laser pulse duration are also briefly reviewed. - Highlights: ► General processes involved in laser ablation and plasma generation were reported. ► Effect of number density in the plasma on the spectra features was discussed. ► LIP in gases at different pressures, in liquids and in DP techniques was discussed. ► LIBS spectra in various environments and correlated applications were discussed.

Thermoluminescence study of quartzite in a gold and uranium mineralized zone (Canavieiras, Jacobina-Bahia)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, J.

1973-01-01

The quartzite of Canavieiras gold mine (Jacobina-Bahia, Brazil) shows in its natural glow curve, a high temperature. The study of the reproductibility of this peak resulted in the standartization of measurement for grain sizes between 80 and 100 mesh. ''In Situ'' total gamma-ray profiles were made using a scintillation detector for the study the distribution of radioactive elements near the pirite, uranium and gold strike. In the interpretation of the profiles it was possible to shown a positive correlation between thermoluminescence and uranium yields. The thermoluminescence peak is sufficiently high temperature peak to let thermoluminescence accumulate at ambient temperatures. It was used in attempt to estimate the time and the event that enitiated the accumulation of thermoluminescence. The result obtained, (7 - + 4).10 6 years, may correspond to the last heating of the rocks at relatively recent time. (C.D.G.) [pt

Thermoluminescence of pure LiF and Lif (TLD-100) irradiated at room temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sagastibelza Chivite, F.

1980-01-01

The thermoluminescence of pure LiF and LiF (TLD-100) crystals irradiated at room temperature with x - or gamma-rays has been studied up to 460 degree centigree. For most of the glow peaks found the kinetics, preexponential factors and activation energies have been determined. These parameters have been obtained by means of the isothermal method. The study of the thermal annealing of the radiation induced F and Z centres has allow to show that there is a correlation among the glow peaks and the annealing stages of these centres. It is concluded that the F and Z - centres play the role of recombination centres for halogen interstitial atom thermally released from traps. Light emission occurs in this recombination. (Author) 120 refs

Thermoluminescence of magnesium oxide doped with cerium and lithium obtained by a glycine-based solution combustion method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Escobar O, F. M.; Orante B, V. R.; Cruz V, C.; Bernal, R.

2015-10-01

Full text: It is well known that glycine, fulfills two principal purposes: first, complexes with metal cations formed, which increases their solubility and prevents selective precipitation as water is evaporated; and second, it serves as fuel for the combustion reaction, being oxidized by the nitrate ions. The glycine molecule has a carboxylic acid group at one end and an amine group at the other end, both of which can participate in the complexation of metal ions. This zwitterionic character allows effective complexation with metal cations of different ionic size. Novel Mg O:Ce 3+ , Li + phosphor was obtained for the very first time by solution combustion synthesis (Scs) in which a redox combustion process between metallic nitrates and glycine at 500 degrees C was accomplished. The powder samples obtained were annealed at 900 degrees C during 2 h in air. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed the face-centered cubic (fcc) phase of Mg O as well as the presence of CeO 2 for the annealed powder samples. Photoluminescence emission spectra showed the characteristic Ce 3+ peak located at 520 nm. The thermoluminescence glow curve obtained after exposure to beta radiation of these samples, displayed three maxima located at ∼ 108 degrees C, ∼ 210 degrees C, and ∼ 310 degrees C. Results from experiments such as dose response and fading showed that annealed Mg O:Ce 3+ , Li + powder obtained by Scs is a promising material for radiation dosimetry applications. (Author)

Thermoluminescence Studies of Some TLD Materials and its Usability In Radiation Measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Kolaly, M.A.

2009-01-01

Studies of thermoluminescence of some natural and synthetic TL materials are presented in this work. The temperature measurements were recorded up to 750 degree C. the TL sensitivity exhibits maximum when the sample is annealed at 850 degree C under vacuum for one hour. A new TL peak at 650 degree C has been observed in natural calcium fluoride phosphor. This peak corresponds to the deepest trap observed so far in this phosphor. The TL characteristics of this new glow peak have been studied. The build up of this peak with gamma exposure shows saturation after a dose of 10 6 R (10 4 Gy), while lower temperature peaks saturate at about 5x10 4 R (5 x 10 2 Gy). This difference can be explained qualitatively by the greater concentration of defects responsible for this high temperature peak. The activation energy (E) of this peak comes out to be 2.99 ev, and its mean life time (τ) could be calculated to be of the order 10 30 years at ambient temperature, also its corresponding frequency factor (s) is 1.06 x 10 15 sec - 1. Its TL emission spectra is a single UV band around 325 nm. The UV photo transfer induced TL from this peak has been studied. The transfer efficiency is found to be at about 225 nm. The synthetic crystals of CaF 2 doped Sm and Y by concentration of 0.2% and 0.3% respectively, which could give this high temperature peak (650 degree C). This new peak from synthetic CaF 2 has the same TL characteristics as the one which is obtained from the natural phosphor. The behavior of this newly observed TL peak from the synthetic materials has been studies in greater details.

Historical note: thermoluminescent dosimetry (LiF) 1950-51

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heckelsberg, L.F.

1980-01-01

The early history of thermoluminescent dosimetry has not been adequately described and one of the first workers in this field takes this opportunity to record more fully the history of the period. (author)

Synthesis and optical characterization of ZrO{sub 2} pure and doped with Er{sup 3+} ions for use as thermoluminescent dosimeter; Sintesis y caracterizacion optica de ZrO{sub 2} puro y dopado con iones Er{sup 3+} para su aplicacion como dosimetro termoluminiscente

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gutierrez E, R.; Sosa F, R.; Arrieta C, A. M., E-mail: ralf_gutierrez@yahoo.com [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Departamento de Fisica, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340 Mexico D. F. (Mexico)

2015-10-15

Full text: There are different natural minerals and synthetic inorganic compounds exhibiting the phenomenon of thermoluminescence (Tl); however only part of them meet the requirements for use as Tl dosimeters. In this research the synthesis and characterization of ZrO{sub 2} pure and doped with Er{sup 3+} ions are presented, at a concentration of 0.5 % mol prepared by the sol-gel method in monolithic way and transparent for its possible application as thermoluminescent dosimeter. The materials are characterized by absorption spectroscopy, emission and excitation in the region of UV-Vis-Nir, in which spectra corresponding to ZrO{sub 2} and characteristic bands of Er{sup 3+} doped are observed, identifying the mechanisms of energy transfer for the emitted radiation as one of the most important points in the Tl materials design. It was observed that the threshold dose detection and accuracy of measurements depend on the efficiency of energy conversion. In addition an analysis by scanning electron microscopy, EDS and X-ray diffraction on the morphologic and spectroscopic changes caused by the reduction of organic material is presented. These were carried out in two different drying processes: at room temperature and annealing at 500 degrees C. All these physical and chemical properties are crucial in deciding its application in dosimetry of ionizing radiation. (Author)

Design and development of low cost thermoluminescence measurement system using PIC16F877 microcontroller

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neelamegam, P; Rajendran, A

2006-01-01

A real time microcontroller based thermoluminescence system has been developed to measure light intensity and temperature and to control linear heating. This instruments permits to conduct investigations on thermoluminescent materials, such as alkali halides, phosphors and related compounds, which have important applications in materials science and in dosimetry. A low cost dedicated PIC16F877 based microcontroller board was employed for the hardware. The detail of its interface and software to measure thermoluminescence and to send data to PC is explained in this paper

Design and development of low cost thermoluminescence measurement system using PIC16F877 microcontroller

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neelamegam, P [Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Shunmuga Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA), Deemed University, Thanjavur-613 402, Tamil Nadu (India); Rajendran, A [PG and Research Department of Applied Physics, Nehru Memorial College (Autonomous), Puthanampatti-621 007, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu (India)

2006-05-15

A real time microcontroller based thermoluminescence system has been developed to measure light intensity and temperature and to control linear heating. This instruments permits to conduct investigations on thermoluminescent materials, such as alkali halides, phosphors and related compounds, which have important applications in materials science and in dosimetry. A low cost dedicated PIC16F877 based microcontroller board was employed for the hardware. The detail of its interface and software to measure thermoluminescence and to send data to PC is explained in this paper.

Experimental and theoretical studies of the VUV emission and absorption spectra of H2, HD and D2 molecules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roudjane, M.

2007-12-01

The aim of this thesis is to carry out an experimental study of the absorption and emission spectra of the D 2 and HD isotopes, with high resolution, in the VUV domain and to supplement it by a theoretical study of the excited electronic states involved in the observed transitions. The emission spectra of HD and D 2 are produced by Penning discharge source operating under low pressure and are recorded in the spectral range 78 - 170 nm. The recorded spectra contains more than 20.000 lines. The analysis of the spectrum consists in identifying and assigning the lines to the electronic transitions between energy levels of the molecule. The present analysis is based on our theoretical calculations of the ro-vibrational energy levels of the excited electronic states and the transition probabilities from these states towards the energy levels of the fundamental state. The theoretical results are obtained by resolving the coupled equations between the excited electronic states B 1 Σ u 1 , B' 1 Σ u 1 , C 1 Π u 1 and D 1 Π u 1 , taking into account the nonadiabatic couplings between these states, and they are obtained in the adiabatic approximation for the excited electronic states B''B-bar 1 Σ u + , D' 1 Π u 1 and D'' 1 Π u 1 . The equations are resolved using a modern method based on the discretization variables representation method. In addition, we have carried out a study of the absorption spectra of the HD and D 2 molecules

Franck-Condon Simulations including Anharmonicity of the Ã(1)A''-X̃(1)A' Absorption and Single Vibronic Level Emission Spectra of HSiCl and DSiCl.

Science.gov (United States)

Mok, Daniel W K; Lee, Edmond P F; Chau, Foo-Tim; Dyke, John M

2009-03-10

RCCSD(T) and/or CASSCF/MRCI calculations have been carried out on the X̃(1)A' and Ã(1)A'' states of HSiCl employing basis sets of up to the aug-cc-pV5Z quality. Contributions from core correlation and extrapolation to the complete basis set limit were included in determining the computed equilibrium geometrical parameters and relative electronic energy of these two states of HSiCl. Franck-Condon factors which include allowance for anharmonicity and Duschinsky rotation between these two states of HSiCl and DSiCl were calculated employing RCCSD(T) and CASSCF/MRCI potential energy functions, and were used to simulate the Ã(1)A'' ← X̃(1)A' absorption and Ã(1)A'' → X̃(1)A' single vibronic level (SVL) emission spectra of HSiCl and DSiCl. Simulated absorption and experimental LIF spectra, and simulated and observed Ã(1)A''(0,0,0) → X̃(1)A' SVL emission spectra, of HSiCl and DSiCl are in very good agreement. However, agreement between simulated and observed Ã(1)A''(0,1,0) → X̃(1)A' and Ã(1)A''(0,2,1) → X̃(1)A' SVL emission spectra of DSiCl is not as good. Preliminary calculations on low-lying excited states of HSiCl suggest that vibronic interaction between low-lying vibrational levels of the Ã(1)A'' state and highly excited vibrational levels of the ã(3)A'' is possible. Such vibronic interaction may change the character of the low-lying vibrational levels of the Ã(1)A'' state, which would lead to perturbation in the SVL emission spectra from these vibrational levels.

Irradiated black pepper identification based on thermoluminescence of silicate minerals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faycal Kharfi; Randa Ketfi

2018-01-01

In this work we have successfully implemented thermoluminescence TL method for irradiated food identification. First tests are performed on Indian black pepper and show promising results to extend the proposed method to many other foods. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that SiO 2 (p3 2 21) is the main component of the separated mineral phase. A saturation dose of ∼ 100 Gy is determined for this pepper above which all thermoluminescent centers of the quartz are activated. Thus, above this threshold dose, only the pepper irradiation will be confirmed but no accuracy on the exact dose received. (author)

A comparative study of the thermoluminescent response to beta irradiation of CVD diamond and LiF dosimeters

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bogani, F. [Florence Univ. (Italy). Dipt. di Energetica; Borchi, E. [Florence Univ. (Italy). Dipt. di Energetica; Bruzzi, M. [Florence Univ. (Italy). Dipt. di Energetica; Leroy, C. [Florence Univ. (Italy). Dipt. di Energetica; Sciortino, S. [Florence Univ. (Italy). Dipt. di Energetica

1997-04-01

The thermoluminescent (TL) response of chemical vapour deposited (CVD) diamond films to beta irradiation has been investigated. A numerical curve-fitting procedure, calibrated by means of a set of LiF TLD100 experimental spectra, has been developed to deconvolute the complex structured TL glow curves. The values of the activation energy and of the frequency factor related to each of the TL peaks involved have been determined. The TL response of the CVD diamond films to beta irradiation has been compared with the TL response of a set of LiF TLD100 and TLD700 dosimeters. The results have been discussed and compared in view of an assessment of the efficiency of CVD diamond films in future applications as in vivo dosimeters. (orig.).

A comparative study of the thermoluminescent response to beta irradiation of CVD diamond and LiF dosimeters

Science.gov (United States)

Bogani, F.; Borchi, E.; Bruzzi, M.; Leroy, C.; Sciortino, S.

1997-02-01

The thermoluminescent (TL) response of Chemical Vapour Deposited (CVD) diamond films to beta irradiation has been investigated. A numerical curve-fitting procedure, calibrated by means of a set of LiF TLD100 experimental spectra, has been developed to deconvolute the complex structured TL glow curves. The values of the activation energy and of the frequency factor related to each of the TL peaks involved have been determined. The TL response of the CVD diamond films to beta irradiation has been compared with the TL response of a set of LiF TLD100 and TLD700 dosimeters. The results have been discussed and compared in view of an assessment of the efficiency of CVD diamond films in future applications as in vivo dosimeters.

A comparative study of the thermoluminescent response to beta irradiation of CVD diamond and LiF dosimeters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bogani, F.; Borchi, E.; Bruzzi, M.; Leroy, C.; Sciortino, S.

1997-01-01

The thermoluminescent (TL) response of chemical vapour deposited (CVD) diamond films to beta irradiation has been investigated. A numerical curve-fitting procedure, calibrated by means of a set of LiF TLD100 experimental spectra, has been developed to deconvolute the complex structured TL glow curves. The values of the activation energy and of the frequency factor related to each of the TL peaks involved have been determined. The TL response of the CVD diamond films to beta irradiation has been compared with the TL response of a set of LiF TLD100 and TLD700 dosimeters. The results have been discussed and compared in view of an assessment of the efficiency of CVD diamond films in future applications as in vivo dosimeters. (orig.)

Modeling the complexity of acoustic emission during intermittent plastic deformation: Power laws and multifractal spectra.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, Jagadish; Ananthakrishna, G

2018-01-01

Scale-invariant power-law distributions for acoustic emission signals are ubiquitous in several plastically deforming materials. However, power-law distributions for acoustic emission energies are reported in distinctly different plastically deforming situations such as hcp and fcc single and polycrystalline samples exhibiting smooth stress-strain curves and in dilute metallic alloys exhibiting discontinuous flow. This is surprising since the underlying dislocation mechanisms in these two types of deformations are very different. So far, there have been no models that predict the power-law statistics for discontinuous flow. Furthermore, the statistics of the acoustic emission signals in jerky flow is even more complex, requiring multifractal measures for a proper characterization. There has been no model that explains the complex statistics either. Here we address the problem of statistical characterization of the acoustic emission signals associated with the three types of the Portevin-Le Chatelier bands. Following our recently proposed general framework for calculating acoustic emission, we set up a wave equation for the elastic degrees of freedom with a plastic strain rate as a source term. The energy dissipated during acoustic emission is represented by the Rayleigh-dissipation function. Using the plastic strain rate obtained from the Ananthakrishna model for the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect, we compute the acoustic emission signals associated with the three Portevin-Le Chatelier bands and the Lüders-like band. The so-calculated acoustic emission signals are used for further statistical characterization. Our results show that the model predicts power-law statistics for all the acoustic emission signals associated with the three types of Portevin-Le Chatelier bands with the exponent values increasing with increasing strain rate. The calculated multifractal spectra corresponding to the acoustic emission signals associated with the three band types have a maximum

Correcting for variable laser-target distances of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy measurements with ChemCam using emission lines of Martian dust spectra

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Melikechi, N.; Mezzacappa, A. [Optical Science Center for Applied Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE (United States); Cousin, A.; Lanza, N.L. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM (United States); Lasue, J. [Institut de Recherche en Astophysique et Planetologie (IRAP), Universite' Paul Sabatier, Toulouse (France); Clegg, S.M. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM (United States); Berger, G. [Institut de Recherche en Astophysique et Planetologie (IRAP), Universite' Paul Sabatier, Toulouse (France); Wiens, R.C. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM (United States); Maurice, S. [Institut de Recherche en Astophysique et Planetologie (IRAP), Universite' Paul Sabatier, Toulouse (France); Tokar, R.L.; Bender, S. [Planetary Science Institute, Flagstaff, AZ (United States); Forni, O. [Institut de Recherche en Astophysique et Planetologie (IRAP), Universite' Paul Sabatier, Toulouse (France); Breves, E.A.; Dyar, M.D. [Dept. of Astronomy, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA (United States); Frydenvang, J. [The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Denmark); Delapp, D. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM (United States); Gasnault, O. [Institut de Recherche en Astophysique et Planetologie (IRAP), Universite' Paul Sabatier, Toulouse (France); Newsom, H.; Ollila, A.M. [Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Alburquerque, NM (United States); Lewin, E. [Institut des Sciences de la Terre, Universite Grenoble l-CNRS, Grenoble (France); and others

2014-06-01

As part of the Mars Science Laboratory, the ChemCam instrument acquires remote laser induced breakdown spectra at distances that vary between 1.56 m and 7 m. This variation in distance affects the intensities of the measured LIBS emission lines in non-trivial ways. To determine the behavior of a LIBS emission line with distance, it is necessary to separate the effects of many parameters such as laser energy, laser spot size, target homogeneity, and optical collection efficiency. These parameters may be controlled in a laboratory on Earth but for field applications or in space this is a challenge. In this paper, we show that carefully selected ChemCam LIBS emission lines acquired from the Martian dust can be used to build an internal proxy spectroscopic standard. This in turn, allows for a direct measurement of the effects of the distance of various LIBS emission lines and hence can be used to correct ChemCam LIBS spectra for distance variations. When tested on pre-launch LIBS calibration data acquired under Martian-like conditions and with controlled and well-calibrated targets, this approach yields much improved agreement between targets observed at various distances. This work lays the foundation for future implementation of automated routines to correct ChemCam spectra for differences caused by variable distance. - Highlights: • Selected Martian dust emission lines are used to correct for variable laser-target distances. • The correction model yields improved agreement between targets observed at various distances. • The impact of the model reduces the bias between predicted and actual compositions by as much as 70%. • When implemented, the model will yield spectral corrections for various ChemCam measurements. • This work is a foundation to perform novel stand-off LIBS measurements on Earth and other planets.

Preparation and structural characterization of the thermoluminescent material CaSO4: Dy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez R, A.; Azorin, J.; Gonzalez M, P.R.; Rivera, T.

2005-01-01

The grade of crystallinity of a material is important so that the one is presented the thermoluminescence phenomenon; for what is necessary to study those structural characteristic of a TL material and to correlate them with its TL response when being irradiated with ionizing radiation. The calcium sulfate activated with Dysprosium (CaSO 4 : Dy) it is a material that has demonstrated its efficiency in the dosimetry of the ionizing radiation for the thermoluminescence method. In this work the structural characterization of this prepared material for the recrystallization method by means of the evaporation of the solvent and their relationship with their TL response is presented. The results showed that the best material to be used in thermoluminescent dosimetry presents a crystalline structure in orthorhombic phase and a particle size in the interval of 80 μm to 200 μm. (Author)

Numerical analysis of thermoluminescence glow curves; Analisis numerico de las cruvas de termoluminiscencia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gomez Ros, J M; Delgado, A

1989-07-01

This report presents a method for the numerical analysis of complex thermoluminescence glow curves resolving the individual glow peak components. The method employs first order kinetics analytical expressions and is based In a Marquart-Levenberg minimization procedure. A simplified version of this method for thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) is also described and specifically developed to operate whit Lithium Fluoride TLD-100. (Author). 36 refs.

Infrared and near infrared emission spectra of TeH and TeD

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Shanshan; Shayesteh, Alireza; Fu, Dejian; Bernath, Peter F.

2005-04-01

The vibration-rotation emission spectra for the X2Π ground state and the near infrared emission spectra of the X2Π 1/2- X2Π 3/2 system of the TeH and TeD free radicals have been measured at high resolution using a Fourier transform spectrometer. TeH and TeD were generated in a tube furnace with a DC discharge of a flowing mixture of argon, hydrogen (or deuterium), and tellurium vapor. In the infrared region, for the X2Π 3/2 spin component we observed the 1-0, 2-1, and 3-2 vibrational bands for most of the eight isotopologues of TeH and the 1-0 and 2-1 bands for three isotopologues of TeD. For the X2Π 1/2- X2Π 3/2 transition, we observed the 0-0 and 1-1 bands for TeH and the 0-0, 1-1, and 2-2 bands for TeD. Except for a few lines, the tellurium isotopic shift was not resolved for the X2Π 1/2- X2Π 3/2 transitions of TeH and TeD. Local perturbations with Δ v = 2 between the two spin components of the X2Π state of TeH were found: X2Π 1/2, v = 0 with X2Π 3/2, v = 2; X2Π 1/2, v = 1 with X2Π 3/2, v = 3. The new data were combined with the previous data from the literature and two kinds of fits (Hund's case (a) and Hund's case (c)) were carried out for each of the 10 observed isotopologues: 130TeD, 128TeD, 126TeD, 130TeH, 128TeH, 126TeH, 125TeH, 124TeH, 123TeH, and 122TeH.

Quality control of thermoluminesce personal dose monitoring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shang Aiguo; He Wenchang; Zhao Fengtao

2006-01-01

In order to evaluate the influence factor to thermoluminesce personal dose monitoring result, the every question that can appear based on the fact was analyzed. The results show that the detector, annealing, measuring process can influence the monitoring result. It gives some measures to enhance monitoring quality. (authors)

Calibration procedure for thermoluminescent dosemeters in water absorbed doses for Iridium-192 high dose rate sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reyes Cac, Franky Eduardo

2004-10-01

Thermoluminescent dosimeters are used in brachytherapy services quality assurance programs, with the aim of guaranteeing the correct radiation dose supplied to cancer patients, as well as with the purpose of evaluating new clinical procedures. This work describes a methodology for thermoluminescent dosimeters calibration in terms of absorbed dose to water for 192 Ir high dose rate sources. The reference dose used is measured with an ionization chamber previously calibrated for 192 Ir energy quality, applying the methodology proposed by Toelli. This methodology aims to standardizing the procedure, in a similar form to that used for external radiotherapy. The work evolves the adaptation of the TRS-277 Code of the International Atomic Energy Agency, for small and big cavities, through the introduction for non-uniform experimental factor, for the absorbed dose in the neighborhood of small brachytherapy sources. In order to simulate a water medium around the source during the experimental work, an acrylic phantom was used. It guarantees the reproducibility of the ionization chamber and the thermoluminescent dosimeter's location in relation to the radiation source. The values obtained with the ionization chamber and the thermoluminescent dosimeters, exposed to a 192 Ir high dose rate source, were compared and correction factors for different source-detector distances were determined for the thermoluminescent dosimeters. A numeric function was generated relating the correction factors and the source-detector distance. These correction factors are in fact the thermoluminescent dosimeter calibration factors for the 192 Ir source considered. As a possible application of this calibration methodology for thermoluminescent dosimeters, a practical range of source-detector distances is proposed for quality control of 192 Ir high dose rate sources. (author)

Study of the thermoluminescent properties of lava from different origins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molina, D.; Correcher, V.; Delgado, A.; Garcia G, J.

2002-01-01

In this work has been studied the thermoluminescent signal (Tl) of lava from different geographical area (Costa Rica, the Canary Islands, Hawaii, Iceland and Italy) and originating in distinct eruptions, for its possible use such as in the dating field (geological and archaeological) as in retrospective dosimetry. Due that the light emission is intimately related with the punctual defects existent in the structure of material associated to the presence of different mineral phases, it was realized a study by X-ray diffraction for determining the main components of the lava observing the presence, in distinct proportions of cristobalite, plagioclases (chalcosodic feldspars) and philosilicates (augite, montmorillonite, forsterite and actinolite). All the detected mineral components present Tl emission in the blue region. Each one of the lava were artificially irradiated for proving the dependence of the luminescent signal with the dose in the range 1 to 25 Gy, observing a linear response with the dose in all the cases and not appreciating saturation in the Tl emission. Such the appropriate signal of natural samples (TLN) as the irradiated samples in the laboratory (TLI) show a complex structure associated with a continuous distribution of traps at temperature higher than 100 C which could be explained as consequence of the dynamic formation-annihilation of centers [AlO 4 /alkali] + and [AlO 4 ] 0 . In TLI was observed that a nearer to 85 C appeared a maximum whose structure correspond a discrete distribution of traps, coexisting therefore the two types of traps structure. (Author)

Measurement conditions of natural soil thermoluminescence and their application in a granite type uranium deposit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Yue; Yang Yaxin; Liu Qingcheng

2009-01-01

A measuring method of natural soil thermoluminescence is used for prospecting of uranium deposits. The better effects are obtained by using the method, but the parameters selected have significant effects on the intensity of soil thermoluminescent. So, the measuring parameters are selected according to the different soil samples. Based on the measuring 1 000 soil samples of granite type uranium deposit,the optimum heating up program of natural soil thermoluminescence is obtained, that is, preheating, lasting heating, constant temperature and the halting heating. The parameters selected are as follows: the heating rate being 15 degree C/s, the temperatures of the first and second constant temperature being 135 degree C and 400 degree C respectively. Using the selected parameters for measuring soil samples from a known mining area in Guangdong province, the result indicates that the abnormities of thermoluminescence have corresponding relations with the underground orebodies. (authors)

Needle-type differential thermoluminescent dosemeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kubu, M.

1988-01-01

The dosemeter serves to measure the depth distribution of absorbed dose in a phantom in mixed neutron and gamma radiation fields. It consists of a stratified cylindrical absorber in which alternate moderator and cadmium layers. Inside are two bores along the longitudinal axis for tubes filled with 6 LiF and 7 LiF powder thermoluminescent dosemeters. The device is easily portable and allows to carry out measurements with a high level of reproducibility. (J.B.). 4 figs

Thermoluminescence du quartz naturel et artificiel pur ou dopé des ions Fe++ et Fe+++: application à la datation des poteries

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1978-01-01

Full Text Available La thermoluminescence constatée sur les échantillons de poteries et conduisant à la datation archéologique de celles-ci, est due aux inclusions de quartz initialement contenues dans l'argile. Nous présentons une étude de la thermoluminescence d'échantillons de quartz monocristallin synthétique dans lesquels des impuretés ont été volontairement ajoutées et appliquons les résultats à une nouvelle technique de datation, la méthode DATE (différence d'atténuation temporelle des émissions. La termoluminiscencia constatada en muestras de cerámica permite una datación arqueológica es debida a las inclusiones de cuarzo inicialmente contenidas en la arcilla. Se presenta un estudio de la termoluminiscencia de muestras de cuarzo monocristalino sintético en las cuales han sido colocadas voluntariamente impurezas se han aplicado los resultados de una nueva técnica de fechado, el método DATE (Diferencia de atenuación temporal de emisiones. The thermoluminescence observed on samples of pottery and leading to their archaeological dating is a result of the presence of quartz particles originally enclosed in the clay. We offer a study of the termoluminescence of samples of synthetic mono-crystalline quartz doped in with impurities and apply the results to a new dating technique, the 'DATE' method, based upon difference in time attenuation of the emissions.

An intercomparison of the thermoluminescent efficiency of various preparations of lithium fluoride

CERN Document Server

Driscoll, C M H

1977-01-01

Possible alternative sources of supply of lithium fluoride to that used at present in the NRPB automated TLD system dosemeter are being considered on the grounds of economy and quality control. Initial measurements on the thermoluminescent properties and efficiency of various preparations of lithium fluoride are described, including the Harshaw TLD-700 which is currently in use in the automated thermoluminescent dosemeter. Material obtained from British Nuclear Fuels Ltd (which may be an atypical batch) showed 75% of the sensitivity of the Harshaw material, with around 20% fading of the signal after 1 month's storage. French material, obtained from Desmarquest and Carbonisation Entreprise et Ceramique and used by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, showed good fading resistance but, after standard preparational treatments, was only half as sensitive in the thermoluminescent response. Without additional treatments to improve the characteristics of these materials, they cannot be considered as being satisfac...

Statistical methods to evaluate thermoluminescence ionizing radiation dosimetry data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Segre, Nadia; Matoso, Erika; Fagundes, Rosane Correa

2011-01-01

Ionizing radiation levels, evaluated through the exposure of CaF 2 :Dy thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD- 200), have been monitored at Centro Experimental Aramar (CEA), located at Ipero in Sao Paulo state, Brazil, since 1991 resulting in a large amount of measurements until 2009 (more than 2,000). The data amount associated with measurements dispersion, since every process has deviation, reinforces the utilization of statistical tools to evaluate the results, procedure also imposed by the Brazilian Standard CNEN-NN-3.01/PR- 3.01-008 which regulates the radiometric environmental monitoring. Thermoluminescence ionizing radiation dosimetry data are statistically compared in order to evaluate potential CEA's activities environmental impact. The statistical tools discussed in this work are box plots, control charts and analysis of variance. (author)

A study of electron excitations in CaWO sub 4 and PbWO sub 4 single crystals

CERN Document Server

Muerk, V; Mihoková, E; Nitsch, K

1997-01-01

The excitation spectra of photo- and thermo-luminescence were compared in the VUV-UV spectral region in CaWO sub 4 and PbWO sub 4 scheelite tungstates. Temperature dependences of emission intensities and decay times were measured for PbWO sub 4 in the 80-300 K range and approximated by a simple phenomenological model. The energy level structure of the emission centre excited state and related kinetic processes are discussed for both tungstates. (author)

Thermoluminescent response of LaAlO{sub 3}:Pr; Respuesta termoluminiscente de LaAlO{sub 3}:Pr

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morales H, A.; Zarate M, J. [Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Instituto de Investigacion en Metalurgia y Materiales, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. U, 58060 Morelia, Michoacan (Mexico); Azorin N, J. [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340 Mexico D. F. (Mexico); Rivera M, T., E-mail: feyo_yo@hotmail.com [IPN, Centro de Investigacion en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Av. Legaria 694, 11500 Mexico D. F. (Mexico)

2015-10-15

In this study, the thermoluminescence response of doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO{sub 3}) with praseodymium ion (Pr) obtained by the Pechini method and drying by the spraying technique Spry Dryer was studied. The obtained powders were analyzed structurally by the X-ray diffraction technique; the morphological characterization was by the scanning electron microscopy technique. The obtained powders at 800 degrees C presented crystallinity and showed a Rhombohedral crystal structure, this phase was observed by X-ray diffraction patterns. Thermoluminescence response of LaAlO{sub 3}:Pr showed a brightness curve with a peak centered at 157 degrees C. The sensitivity of the doped samples was improved about 90 times in comparison with the undoped sample. Thermoluminescence response in function of the wavelength showed a maximum at 230 nm, reproducibility of thermoluminescence response was ±50%. Also the fading in thermoluminescence response was studied. (Author)

Thermoluminescent behavior of polyminerals from irradiated natural species (peppermint, pepper and origanum); Comportamiento termoluminiscente de poliminerales de especias irradiadas (hierbabuena, chile guajillo y oregano)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cruz Z, E; Calderon, T [Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares UNAM, A.P. 70-543, 04510 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Pineda, S; Guzman M, A [Estudiantes de la Facultad de Quimica, 04510 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Gastelum, S; Barboza F, M [Centro de Investigacion en Fisica, Universidad de Sonora, A.P. 5-088, 83190 Hermosillo, Sonora (Mexico); Calderon, T [Depto. de Quimica Agricola-Geologia-Geoquimica. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049- Cantoblanco y Centro de Microanalisis de Materiales UAM, Espana (Spain)

2003-07-01

The thermoluminescent behaviour of polyminerals from natural species was obtained in order to identify irradiated samples. The polyminerals was separated from organic part in the samples using methanol-water mixed 40:60. The commercial samples was exposured from 1 to 40 kGy in Gammabeam 651PT facility irradiator at National University of Mexico (UNAM). The glow curves from polyminerals shows a good behaviour for each dose, and the TL emission decays was present for 180 days storage in a dark room at room temperature. The maximum TL signals was located in around 220 for the samples, it is closely to TL emission from quartz and feldspars. (Author)

Method of preparing a thermoluminescent phosphor

Science.gov (United States)

Lasky, Jerome B.; Moran, Paul R.

1979-01-01

A thermoluminescent phosphor comprising LiF doped with boron and magnesium is produced by diffusion of boron into a conventional LiF phosphor doped with magnesium. Where the boron dopant is made to penetrate only the outer layer of the phosphor, it can be used to detect shallowly penetrating radiation such as tritium beta ays in the presence of a background of more penetrating radiation.

Study of natural thermoluminescence of quartzite in a gold and uranium mineralized zone (Canavieiras, Jacobina, Brazil)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, J.; Nordemann, D.

1976-01-01

The quartzite of the Canavieiras gold mine (Jacobina, Bahia, Brazil) exhibits a high temperature peak (280 +- 2) 0 C in its natural thermoluminescence glow curve. It was experimentally determined that the amount of light in this peak could be reproduced to within 5% for grain sizes between 80 and 100 mesh (0.149 and 0.177 mm). A positive correlation was found between the amount of this thermoluminescence and the uranium content with saturation beginning to be detected at the maximum (700 ppm) amount of uranium found. Assuming that the thermoluminescence peak used is at a temperature high enough to permit accumulation and stability at room temperatures, the thermoluminescence found could have accumulated in (12.1 +- 0.3) x 10 6 years. This may date a complete liberation of trapped electrons in conjunction with a well documented initiation of weathering. (author) [pt

Carbon doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3:C) synthesized by solid state reaction for application in UV thermoluminescent dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alves, N.

2015-01-01

In this work we discuss the TL output for LaAlO 3 :C crystals grown by using three different combinations of Al 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 and carbon atoms during the synthesis process. Recently, LaAlO 3 single crystals, co-doped with Ce 3+ and Dy 3+ rare earth trivalent ions and grown under hydrothermal conditions, have been reported to show high thermoluminescent response (TL) when exposed to low levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). However, undoped LaAlO 3 synthesized by solid state reaction method from the 1:1 mixture of aluminum and lanthanum oxide under reducing atmosphere revealed to have still higher thermoluminescent sensitivity to UV photon fields than the co-doped with Ce 3+ and Dy 3+ . It is well known that carbon doped aluminum oxide monocrystals have excellent TL and photoluminescent response properties for X-rays, UV and gamma radiation fields. Thus, we conducted three different syntheses of LaAlO 3 by this solid state reaction method, doping the mixture with carbon. The lanthanum aluminate polycrystals were synthesized from the 1:1 mixture of aluminum and lanthanum oxide, adding 0.1wt.% carbon and annealed at 1700°C for two hours in hydrogen atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of rhombohedral LaAlO 3 crystallographic phase, however a small percentage (15%) of Al 2 O 3 has been also identified. The UV-Vis absorbance spectra were obtained and F and F + - center were ascribed. The UV irradiations were carried out using a commercial 8W UV lamp. Thermoluminescence measurements were performed at a Harshaw 4500 TL reader. All compositions investigated have shown high TL sensitivity to UVR. (author)

Chemical environment effects on the Kβ emission spectra in P compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ceppi, S.; Tirao, G.; Stutz, G.; Riveros, J.A.

2008-01-01

Several clusters of PO 4 3- and P 2 O 7 4- were studied in different chemical environment by measuring the Kβ 1,3 , Kβ x and Kβ' lines from P-Kβ emission spectrum. The Kβ spectrum structures were analyzed from its relation with its chemical environment. In this paper, the cation influence and the cation substitution with H on satellite Kβ' line parameters were also studied. It was found that this line allows the light ligand atom to be identified and also the number of H bonds with the PO 4 3- cluster be characterized. Besides cation influence on the P-Kβ spectrum, it can be shown that this influence is smaller than the ligand atom and cation-H substitution. Theoretical spectra were obtained by using the DV-Xα method in order to compare it with the experimental data and to interpret the Kβ line structure in terms of molecular orbital theory

Thermoluminescence of sulfated zircon exposed to gamma radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rubio, E.; Castano, V.M.; Mendoza A, E.; Gonzalez, P.R.

2003-01-01

In this work, the thermoluminescent (Tl) signal induced by gamma radiation in zirconia and sulfated zirconia samples embedded in Ptfe pellets is reported and discussed. In this case, samples were obtained through sol-gel method using zirconium n-propoxide and H 2 SO 4 as precursors, and later were subjected to thermal treatment at 600 C to obtain, the tetragonal phase accordingly to X-ray diffraction analysis. Experimental results show that the thermoluminescent glow peak depends on both, the crystalline structure and sulfate concentration. Two maximum peaks were observed located at 147 C and 274 C arising from the electronic transitions. Tl response as a function of the absorbed dose shows a linear increase for a wide of range exposure as well as good stability in time. The high sensitivity, dose linearity and signal stability of this material open the potential possibility to be used for the dosimetry applications. (Author)

Thermoluminescence characterization of LiMgF3: DyF3 phosphors exposed to beta radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernal, R.; Alday S, K.R.; Brown, F.; Cruz V, C.; Furetta, C.; Cruz Z, E.; Kitis, G.

2006-01-01

LiMgF 3 : DyF 3 phosphors were obtained as polycrystalline solids from the melting of component salts, with two DyF 3 concentrations, 2.02 % mol, and 4.04 % mol. In order to guarantee the homogeneity of composition, the samples were crushed and the resulting powder was pressed to form pellet-shaped phosphors, some of which were sintered at 700 C for 5 h under air atmosphere. Thermoluminescence measurements of beta irradiated samples show that these phosphors exhibit adequate properties to be considered for development of thermoluminescence dosimeters. Integrated thermoluminescence as a function of dose displays a linear dependence with dose for doses below 20.0 Gy. (Author)

Can blueshifted Agn spectra explain B L Lac objects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Basu, D.

2009-01-01

B L Lac spectra are almost completely devoid of any emission line, and absorption features are often present based on which redshifts are estimated. Several models have been proposed to explain the spectra, including the unification scheme currently most popular among astronomers. However, there appear to be ambiguities, uncertainties and contradictory results in this model, and many questions remain unanswered. Also, it involves the process of artificially enhancing the continuum to be concentrated to a high level, by the relativistically beaming jet action, in order to submerge the emission lines, partly or completely, to make them appear weak or invisible. Additionally, the sample based on which B L Lac objects have been included in the unification scheme is rather small to be statistically viable. In this context, we present an alternative and much simpler interpretation of the observed spectra of B L Lac objects, both emission and absorption, as blueshifted lines in Agn. Original spectra of fifty six objects available in the current literature are re-analyzed. Nine of these show only a single weak emission line and no absorption feature, while thirty five exhibit no emission feature but several absorption lines, and another twelve show more than one emission line and, in some cases, several absorption lines. It is demonstrated that emission lines in most B L Lac objects are blueshifted out of the visible region, and, hence, not seen at all. Emission lines, when seen, and absorption lines, are blueshifted and are identified with search lines of longer wavelengths that are naturally weak. Blue shifts, in emission and absorption features, are determined for all objects. Various considerations lead to the conclusion that the blue shift interpretation of B L Lac spectra is superior to and more important than the redshift interpretation. A possible explanation of observed blue shifts is presented in the scenario of the ejection process, a well-recognized mechanism

Thermoluminescence, a method for determining the date at which a ceramic object was fired

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sayre, E.V.

The theory on which thermoluminescence dating of archeological ceramic objects is based and the measurement methods used are outlined. Separation of fine grain particles and quartz particles permits the determination of the thermoluminescence of each and often a more accurate age determination. The application of the method to the dating of a bronze horse from the Metropolitan Museum is described

X-ray excited optical luminescence studies of rare earth activated thermoluminescent phosphors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagpal, J.S. (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay (India). Div. of Radiological Protection); Kamat, M.J. (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay (India). Spectroscopy Div.)

1984-02-01

XEOL spectra of CaSO/sub 4/:Dy:Dy, MgF/sub 2/, and CaO:Dy are typical of Dy/sup 3 +/ and similar to that of TL emission spectra. However, the studies fail to reveal the charge conversion state of the RE ion on irradiation. Minor differences, as regards the intensity ratio of various lines are observed depending upon the host matrix and the radiation history.

Thermoluminescence authentication of T'ang and Han Dynasty pottery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Price, D.M.

1997-01-01

More than 80 pieces of T'ang Dynasty and 40 Han Dynasty style ceramic wares have been analysed to determine the amount of thermoluminescence (TL) accumulated since the initial firing of the object and the level of the radiation flux which has created the TL. This paper presents a summary of the thermoluminescence analysis results. Approximately 60% of Han ceramics and 45% of the T'ang pottery authenticated have been shown to belong to periods other than that stylistically suggested. Items which have been found not to be of the anticipated antiquity generally fall into distinct age groups. Of the T'ang wares the most commonly copied item is found to be the horse and for the Han pieces, human figures and ewers/pots/vases represent the most frequently reproduced wares

Thermoluminescence dating. Application to the chronology of volcanic ashes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pilleyre, T.

1991-09-01

Thermoluminescent (TL) dating is generally used for minerals heated in the past and can be used for absolute chronology of volcanic ashes but seems limited to less than 15.000 years. The aim of the thesis is the study of thermoluminescent properties of quartz for high doses and long irradiations using the red TL peak of quartz which is situated at high temperature (about 370 deg. C) to extend the method for higher ages. A theory, based on spatial correlation between electron and hole created during the same ionization, is developed. A chapter is devoted to dosimetry because of its importance in TL dating, especially alpha scintillation counting and the influence of humidity on the determination of annual dose. Volcanic samples are dated from 10.000 to 80.000 years before present

The thermoluminescence of carp otoliths: A fingerprint in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

use

2011-12-14

Dec 14, 2011 ... provide a quick and qualitative means for environmental assessments in lake pollution. Key words: Thermoluminescence, fish otolith, heavy-metal elements, lake, pollution. INTRODUCTION. Fish otoliths are widely .... cleaned HDPE plastic bottles that have been rinsed with sample three times prior to use.

Thermoluminescence of magnesium oxide doped with cerium and lithium obtained by a glycine-based solution combustion method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Escobar O, F. M.; Orante B, V. R.; Cruz V, C. [Universidad de Sonora, Departamento de Investigacion en Polimeros y Materiales, Apdo. Postal 130, 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora (Mexico); Bernal, R., E-mail: flor.escobaroc@gmail.com [Universidad de Sonora, Departamento de Investigacion en Fisica, Apdo. Postal 5-088, 83190 Hermosillo, Sonora (Mexico)

2015-10-15

Full text: It is well known that glycine, fulfills two principal purposes: first, complexes with metal cations formed, which increases their solubility and prevents selective precipitation as water is evaporated; and second, it serves as fuel for the combustion reaction, being oxidized by the nitrate ions. The glycine molecule has a carboxylic acid group at one end and an amine group at the other end, both of which can participate in the complexation of metal ions. This zwitterionic character allows effective complexation with metal cations of different ionic size. Novel Mg O:Ce{sup 3+}, Li{sup +} phosphor was obtained for the very first time by solution combustion synthesis (Scs) in which a redox combustion process between metallic nitrates and glycine at 500 degrees C was accomplished. The powder samples obtained were annealed at 900 degrees C during 2 h in air. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed the face-centered cubic (fcc) phase of Mg O as well as the presence of CeO{sub 2} for the annealed powder samples. Photoluminescence emission spectra showed the characteristic Ce{sup 3+} peak located at 520 nm. The thermoluminescence glow curve obtained after exposure to beta radiation of these samples, displayed three maxima located at ∼ 108 degrees C, ∼ 210 degrees C, and ∼ 310 degrees C. Results from experiments such as dose response and fading showed that annealed Mg O:Ce{sup 3+}, Li{sup +} powder obtained by Scs is a promising material for radiation dosimetry applications. (Author)

The Properties of CaSO{sub 4}: Mn Thermoluminescence Dosimeters

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bjaerngard, Bengt

1963-06-15

The properties of the radio thermoluminescence of CaSO{sub 4}:Mn, used for dosimetry of gamma and roentgen radiation, have been investigated. The light yield of the luminophore has been determined to 1.5 percent for 1 MeV gamma radiation. The dependence of the thermoluminescence light sum on the exposure, the exposure rate, and the exposure time can qualitatively be described by the first order process model, modified by a broad energy distribution of the electron trap depths. Some applications are discussed. The cheapness of the dosimeters, the convenient read-out, and the broad range of measurable exposures suggest that CaSO{sub 4}:Mn can be a valuable complement to other dosimetry systems.

Spontaneous emission spectra and simulating multiple spontaneous generation coherence in a five-level atomic medium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Jiahua; Liu Jibing; Qi Chunchao; Chen Aixi

2006-01-01

We investigate the features of the spontaneous emission spectra in a coherently driven cold five-level atomic system by means of a radio frequency (rf) or microwave field driving a hyperfine transition within the ground state. It is shown that a few interesting phenomena such as spectral-line narrowing, spectral-line enhancement, spectral-line suppression, and spontaneous emission quenching can be realized by modulating the frequency and intensity of the rf-driving field in our system. In the dressed-state picture of the coupling and rf-driving fields, we find that this coherently driven atomic system has three close-lying levels so that multiple spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) arises. Our considered atomic model can be found in real atoms, such as rubidium or sodium, so a corresponding experiment can be done to observe the expected phenomena related to SGC reported by Fountoulakis et al. [Phys. Rev. A 73, 033811 (2006)], since no rigorous conditions are required

Long afterglow properties of Eu2+/Mn2+ doped Zn2GeO4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wan, Minhua; Wang, Yinhai; Wang, Xiansheng; Zhao, Hui; Li, Hailing; Wang, Cheng

2014-01-01

Zn 2 GeO 4 :Eu 2+ 0.01 and Zn 2 GeO 4 :Mn 2+ 0.01 long afterglow phosphors were synthesized via a high temperature solid state reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD), afterglow spectra, decay curves and thermoluminescence curves were utilized to characterize the samples. The X-ray diffraction phases indicate that the doping of small amount of transition metal ions or rare earth ions has no significant influence on the crystal structure of Zn 2 GeO 4 . According to the afterglow spectra, we found that the Zn 2 GeO 4 :Eu 2+ 0.01 exhibits a broad band emission with a peak at 474 nm, which could be ascribed to Eu 2+ transition between 4f 6 5d 1 and 4f 7 electron configurations. The Zn 2 GeO 4 :Mn 2+ 0.01 shows a narrow band emission peaking at 532 nm corresponding to the characteristic transition of Mn 2+ ( 4 T 1 → 6 A 1 ). The thermoluminescence (TL) curves above room temperature are employed for the discussion of the origin of the traps and the mechanism of the persistent luminescence. The results indicate that Zn 2 GeO 4 may be an excellent host material for the rare earth ions or transition metal ions long afterglows. -- Highlights: • Zn 2 GeO 4 :Eu 2+ 0.01 and Zn 2 GeO 4 :Mn 2+ 0.01 long afterglow phosphors were synthesized. • Found that these phosphors possess a persistent luminescence property. • The long afterglow spectra were measured. • Found that these phosphors possess a trap level by thermoluminescence

Synthesis and thermoluminescence of LaAlO3:Pr3+ to UVC radiation dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morales-Hernández, A.; Zarate-Medina, J.; Contreras-García, M.E.; Azorín-Nieto, J.; Rivera-Montalvo, T.

2016-01-01

Thermoluminescent (TL) response of trivalent praseodymium ion doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO 3 :Pr 3+ ) obtained by Pechini method and Spray Dryer was studied. TL response of LaAlO 3 :Pr 3+ powders submitted at 1600 °C exhibited one peak centered at 157 °C. Sensitivity of LaAlO 3 :Pr 3+ was improved in around 90 times compared with undoped LaAlO 3 . TL response as a function of wavelength showed a maximum in 230 nm. Dosimetric characteristics of LaAlO 3 :Pr 3+ under UVR radiation effects were analyzed. Evaluation of activation energy was obtained by Glow Fit v.1.3 software. Experimental results about thermoluminescent characteristics of LaAlO 3 :Pr 3+ suggest as good candidate to be employed as a complementary thermoluminescent device with other TL phosphors as aluminum oxide - Highlights: • High sensitivity of new phosphor to UVC dosimetry was is studied. • Thermoluminescence response of LaAlO 3 :Pr 3+ is presented. • LaAlO 3 :Pr 3+ is suggested as UVCR dosimeter. • TL response of LaAlO 3 :Pr 3+ has dependence on sintering temperature.

Thermoluminescent characteristics of CaSO4:Dy+PTFE irradiated with high energy electron beams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alvarez, R.; Rivera, T.; Calderon, J. A.; Jimenez, Y.; Rodriguez, J.; Oviedo, O.; Azorin, J.

2011-10-01

In the present work thermoluminescent response of dysprosium doped calcium sulfate embedded in polytetrafluorethylene (CaSO 4 :Dy+PTFE) under high electron beam irradiations from linear accelerator for clinical applications was investigated. The irradiations were carried out using high electron beams (6 to 18 MeV) from a linear accelerator Varian, C linac 2300C/D, for clinical practice purpose. The electron irradiations were obtained by using the water solid in order to guarantee electronic equilibrium conditions. Field shaping for electron beams was obtained with electron cones. Glow curve and other thermoluminescent characteristics of CaSO 4 :Dy+PTFE were conducted under high electron beams irradiations. The thermoluminescent response of the pellets showed and intensity peak centered at around 235 C. Thermoluminescent response of CaSO 4 :Dy+PTFE as a function of high electron absorbed dose showed a linearity in a wide range. To obtain reproducibility characteristic, a set of pellets were exposed repeatedly for the same electron absorbed dose. The results obtained in this study can suggest the applicability of CaSO 4 :Dy+PTFE pellets for high electron beam dosimetry, provided fading is correctly accounted for. (Author)

The Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Excess Peripheral H Atoms (H(sub n)-PAHs) and their Relation to the 3.4 and 6.9 Micrometer PAH Emission Features

Science.gov (United States)

Sandford, Scott A.; Bernstein, Max P.; Materese, Christopher K.

2013-01-01

A population of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and related materials are thought to be responsible for the family of infrared emission features that are seen towards a wide variety of astrophysical environments. A potentially important subclass of these materials are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons whose edges contain excess H atoms (H(sub n)-PAHs). While it has been suggested that this type of compound may be present in the interstellar population, it has been difficult to properly assess this possibility because of a lack of suitable infrared laboratory spectra to assist with analysis of the astronomical data. We present the 4000-500 cm(exp -1) (2.5-20 micrometers) infrared spectra of 23 H(sub n)-PAHs and related molecules isolated in argon matrices, under conditions suitable for use in the interpretation of astronomical data. The spectra of molecules with mixed aromatic and aliphatic domains show unique characteristics that distinguish them from their fully aromatic PAH equivalents. We discuss the changes to the spectra of these types of molecules as they transition from fully aromatic to fully aliphatic forms. The implications for the interpretation of astronomical spectra are discussed with specific emphasis on the 3.4 and 6.9 micrometer features. Laboratory data is compared with emission spectra from IRAS 21282+5050, an object with normal PAH emission features, in addition to IRAS 22272+5435 and IRAS 0496+3429, two protoplanetary nebulae with abnormally large 3.4 micrometer features. We show that 'normal' PAH emission objects contain relatively few H(sub n)-PAHs in their emitter populations, but less evolved protoplanetary nebulae may contain significant abundances of these molecules.

Evaluation of secondary and prompt fission neutron spectra

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Porodzinskij, Yu.V.; Sukhovitskij, E.Sh. [Radiation Physics and Chemistry Problems Inst., Minsk-Sosny (Belarus)

1997-03-01

A simple model allowing to split neutron emission spectra into reaction partials is suggested. Predicted spectra of (n,n`{gamma}), (n,n`f), etc appear to be much harder than usually evaluated. (author)

Thermoluminescence of pyramid stones

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomaa, M.A.; Eid, A.M.

1982-01-01

It is the aim of the present study to investigate some thermoluminescence properties of pyramid stones. Using a few grammes of pyramid stones from Pyramids I and II, the TL glow peaks were observed at 250 and 310 0 C, respectively. The TL glow peaks of samples annealed at 600 0 C, then exposed to 60 Co γ-rays were observed at 120, 190 and 310 0 C, respectively. The accumulated dose of natural samples is estimated to be around 310 Gray (31 krad). By assuming an annual dose is 1 mGy, the estimated age of pyramid stones is 0.31 M year. (author)

Thermoluminescence of pyramid stones

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gomaa, M A; Eid, A M [Atomic Energy Establishment, Cairo (Egypt)

1982-01-01

It is the aim of the present study to investigate some thermoluminescence properties of pyramid stones. Using a few grammes of pyramid stones from Pyramids I and II, the TL glow peaks were observed at 250 and 310/sup 0/C, respectively. The TL glow peaks of samples annealed at 600/sup 0/C, then exposed to /sup 60/Co ..gamma..-rays were observed at 120, 190 and 310/sup 0/C, respectively. The accumulated dose of natural samples is estimated to be around 310 Gray (31 krad). By assuming an annual dose is 1 mGy, the estimated age of pyramid stones is 0.31 M year.

The multi-resolution capability of Tchebichef moments and its applications to the analysis of fluorescence excitation-emission spectra

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Bao Qiong; Wang, Xue; Li Xu, Min; Zhai, Hong Lin; Chen, Jing; Liu, Jin Jin

2018-01-01

Fluorescence spectroscopy with an excitation-emission matrix (EEM) is a fast and inexpensive technique and has been applied to the detection of a very wide range of analytes. However, serious scattering and overlapping signals hinder the applications of EEM spectra. In this contribution, the multi-resolution capability of Tchebichef moments was investigated in depth and applied to the analysis of two EEM data sets (data set 1 consisted of valine-tyrosine-valine, tryptophan-glycine and phenylalanine, and data set 2 included vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and vitamin B6) for the first time. By means of the Tchebichef moments with different orders, the different information in the EEM spectra can be represented. It is owing to this multi-resolution capability that the overlapping problem was solved, and the information of chemicals and scatterings were separated. The obtained results demonstrated that the Tchebichef moment method is very effective, which provides a promising tool for the analysis of EEM spectra. It is expected that the applications of Tchebichef moment method could be developed and extended in complex systems such as biological fluids, food, environment and others to deal with the practical problems (overlapped peaks, unknown interferences, baseline drifts, and so on) with other spectra.

N.R.P.B.'s new record-keeping service and thermoluminescent dosemeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dennis, J.A.; Marshall, T.O.; Shaw, K.B.; Kendall, G.M.

1977-01-01

With the approval of the Health and Safety Executive the National Radiological Protection Board is introducing a radiation dose record keeping service in association with a thermoluminescent dosimeter. This service will relieve employers of the responsibility for maintaining and keeping dose records. Both the record keeping and dosimeter systems are described, including the documents which will be produced for employers. The thermoluminescent dosimeter is more accurate and less sensitive to environmental factors than the film dosimeter, which it replaces. It also reduces the consumption of materials and, with automated processing, is labour saving. (author)

Radiation effects in the polycarbonate of bisphenol-A. Thermoluminescence electron spin resonance and charged particle track studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Edmonds, E.A.

1978-09-01

A detailed investigation is presented of the thermoluminescence observable above room temperature from the polycarbonate of bisphenol-A after its exposure to different radiations. A correlation study is described by which features of the complex thermoluminescence glow curve from a commercial grade of the polycarbonate of bisphenol-A are related to the etchability of charged particle damage trails and the radiogenic ESR signal. A model is presented whereby the etchability of charged particle damage trails is associated with chain scission caused by the high local dose of radiation in the vicinity of the trajectories of charged particles. Methods by which activation constants controlling the thermoluminescence glow curve can be evaluated are discussed and results are presented. It is concluded that glow peaks associated with the ESR signal or enhanced etchability are related to small-scale motions in the molecular matrix of the polycarbonate of bisphenol-A. These motions are thermally activated in accord with the simple Boltzmann relation usually incorporated into theories of thermoluminescence. Another component glow peak of the thermoluminescence glow curve is shown to be associated with the glass-rubber transition in the polycarbonate of bisphenol-A. Different features of the thermoluminescence glow curve can be related to relaxations of the polymer matrix and decomposition of the matrix. It is confirmed that the dominant bulk effect of radiation in the polycarbonate of bisphenol-A exposed to large doses of radiation is chain scission. (author)

Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of BaGa2O4

Science.gov (United States)

Noto, L. L.; Poelman, D.; Orante-Barrón, V. R.; Swart, H. C.; Mathevula, L. E.; Nyenge, R.; Chithambo, M.; Mothudi, B. M.; Dhlamini, M. S.

2018-04-01

Rare-Earth free luminescent materials are fast becoming important as the cost of rare earth ions gradually increases. In this work, a Rare-Earth free BaGa2O4 luminescent compound was prepared by solid state chemical reaction, which was confirmed to have a single phase by X-ray Diffraction. The Backscattered Electron image and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy maps confirmed irregular particle and homogeneous compound formation, respectively. The Photoluminescence spectrum displayed broad emission between 350 to 650 nm, which was deconvoluted into two components. The photoluminescence excitation peak was positioned at 254 nm, which corresponds with the band-to-band position observed from the diffuse reflectance spectrum. The band gap was extrapolated to 4.65 ± 0.02 eV using the Kubelka-Munk model. The preliminary thermoluminescence results indicated that the kinetics involved were neither of first nor second order. Additionally, the activation energy of the electrons within the trap centres was approximated to 0.61 ± 0.01 eV using the Initial Rise model.

Retrospective dosimetry assessment using the 380 deg. C thermoluminescence peak of tooth enamel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Secu, C.E. [National Institute for Materials Physics, PO Box MG-7, 77125 Bucharest-Magurele (Romania); Cherestes, M. [Dozimed Ltd., Dosimetry Laboratory, 77125 Bucharest-Magurele (Romania); Secu, M., E-mail: msecu@infim.ro [National Institute for Materials Physics, PO Box MG-7, 77125 Bucharest-Magurele (Romania); Cherestes, C.; Paraschiva, V. [Dozimed Ltd., Dosimetry Laboratory, 77125 Bucharest-Magurele (Romania); Barca, C. [Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 77125 Bucharest-Magurele (Romania)

2011-10-15

The thermoluminescence (TL) response to gamma-ray irradiation of tooth enamel is reported. The tooth enamel was separated from dentine by using mechanical and physico-chemical procedures followed by grinding (grain size {approx}100 {mu}m) and etching. The TL was attributed to the recombination of CO{sub 2}{sup -} radicals incorporated into or attached to the surface of hydroxyapatite crystals. The growth of the {approx}380 deg. C TL peak with absorbed dose was examined with irradiated tooth enamel samples and reconstructed doses evaluated for tooth enamel samples from four human subjects. - Highlights: > Thermoluminescence response after gamma-ray irradiation of tooth enamel was investigated. > Thermoluminescence was attributed to the recombination of CO{sub 2}{sup -} radicals. > CO{sub 2}{sup -} radicals are produced inside or at the surface of hydroxyapatite crystals. > From the growth of the 380C peak reconstructed doses have been evaluated.

Thermoluminescence in alkali halides irradiated at 80K; Termoluminiscencia en haluros alcalinos irradiados a 80K

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jimenez de Castro, M

1978-07-01

The thermoluminescence, the thermally stimulated currents and the thermal stability of the F centres induced in pure NaCl and KC1 crystals by X irradiation at 80K have been studied in detail, In the range between 80 and 300K. The thermoluminescent processes induced by illumination at 80K with F light in samples previously irradiated at room temperature has also been studied. It has been clearly observed the existence of thermoluminescent processes due to electrons and holes thermally released from traps, in which the F centres are not involved. The existence of hole-F centre recombination has not been observed. There are several thermoluminescent processes in both materials which are scribed to the recombination of F centres with mobile interstitial halogen atoms thermally released from traps, which are likely monovalent impurities in this temperature interval. The light emitting stage in these processes is originated by the formation of self trapped excitons. (Author) 66 refs.

Thermoluminescence and cathodoluminescence studies of calcite and MgO: surface defects and heat treatment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goeksu, H.Y.; Brown, L.M.

1988-01-01

Some of the problems which preclude accurate thermoluminescence (TL) dating of geologically formed calcite stem from different sample pre-treatment procedures, such as grinding, drilling or pre-heating. It has long been known that grinding can introduce spurious TL in calcite, but there have been wide differences of opinion as to the magnitude of the influence and its importance. Therefore, various grinding and acid-washing procedures have been suggested to avoid spurious thermoluminescence. Various models have been developed to explain the mechanism. We have studied the changes in thermoluminescence (TL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) properties as well as in the spectral composition of the glow from calcite and MgO due to surface defects and heat treatment. It is found that both laboratory heat treatment and surface indents give rise to changes in TL efficiency. (author)

Experimental and theoretical study on emission spectra of a nitrogen photoionized plasma induced by intense EUV pulses

Science.gov (United States)

Saber, Ismail; Bartnik, Andrzej; Skrzeczanowski, Wojciech; Wachulak, Przemyslaw; Jarocki, Roman; Fiedorowicz, Henryk; Limpouch, Jiri

2018-01-01

Spectral lines of low-temperature nitrogen photoionized plasma were investigated. The photoionized plasma was created in the result of irradiation N2 gas using laser plasma EUV radiation pulses. The source was based on a 10J/10ns Nd:YAG (λ = 1064 nm) laser system and a gas puff target. The EUV radiation pulses were collected and focused using a grazing incidence multifoil EUV collector. The emission spectra were measured in the ultraviolet and visible (UV/Vis) range. It was found that the plasma emission lines in the lower region of the UV range are relativley weak. Nonetheless, a part of the spectra contains strong molecular band in the 300 - 430 nm originated from second positive and first negative systems band transitions of nitrogen. These molecular band transitions were identified using a code for study the diatomic molecules, LIFBASE. The vibrational band of Δv = 0 and ±1 transitions were significantly populated than of that with Δv = ±2 and 3 transitions. A comparison of the calculated and measured spectrum is presented. With an assumption of a local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), the vibrational temperature was determined from the integrated band intensities with the help of the Boltzmann plot method and compared to the temperature predicted by SPECAIR and LIFBASE simulations. A summary of the results and the variations in the vibrational temperatures was discussed.

Experimental and theoretical study on emission spectra of a nitrogen photoionized plasma induced by intense EUV pulses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saber Ismail

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Spectral lines of low-temperature nitrogen photoionized plasma were investigated. The photoionized plasma was created in the result of irradiation N2 gas using laser plasma EUV radiation pulses. The source was based on a 10J/10ns Nd:YAG (λ = 1064 nm laser system and a gas puff target. The EUV radiation pulses were collected and focused using a grazing incidence multifoil EUV collector. The emission spectra were measured in the ultraviolet and visible (UV/Vis range. It was found that the plasma emission lines in the lower region of the UV range are relativley weak. Nonetheless, a part of the spectra contains strong molecular band in the 300 - 430 nm originated from second positive and first negative systems band transitions of nitrogen. These molecular band transitions were identified using a code for study the diatomic molecules, LIFBASE. The vibrational band of Δv = 0 and ±1 transitions were significantly populated than of that with Δv = ±2 and 3 transitions. A comparison of the calculated and measured spectrum is presented. With an assumption of a local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE, the vibrational temperature was determined from the integrated band intensities with the help of the Boltzmann plot method and compared to the temperature predicted by SPECAIR and LIFBASE simulations. A summary of the results and the variations in the vibrational temperatures was discussed.

Comparison of radiation-induced colouration images, thermoluminescence, and after-glow colour images with aluminium impurity distribution in Japanese twin quartzes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hashimoto, Tetsuo; Ojima, Tetsu; Takahashi, Eishi; Konishi, Masayoshi; Kanemaki, Motoko.

1995-01-01

After-glow colour images (AGCI) and thermoluminescence (TL) from Japanese twin quartz slices have been successfully photographed by means of a commercially available negative colour film after the irradiation of X-rays. After-glow colour images (AGCI) offered very interesting distinction of colour images; the core part showed the colour changed from sky blue with zonal orange to blue with increasing absorbed doses, whereas the outer parts maintained orange AG colour giving clear boundary. On the other hand, the radiation-induced colour (blackish or brownish) center image (CCI) appeared at the core portion, while thermoluminescence colour images (TLCI) also consisted of two portions distinguishable into stripe and zonal bluish core and faint TL emission part in outer ones. These luminescence colour images, probably reflecting the formation mechanism of Japanese twin quartzes, are evidently correlated with the concentration patterns of aluminium impurity obtained by an EPMA (electron probe microanalyzer) method. From these radiation-induced images, it was assumed that the conditions of crystal formation should be greatly different between the core and the outer parts; the outer parts were secondarily started to grow from hydrothermal solution with higher Al-concentration after the initial formation of single core. (author)

Preliminary research on thermoluminescence application in complicated geological situation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gong Gelian; Liu Chunsheng

2003-01-01

Thermoluminescent phenomenon resulting from two kinds of complicated geological situation, Ordos Basin and Huainan deposits in Anhui Province, is studied by the means of thermoluminescence counting method. It is shown that: (1) there are no apparent abnormalities of natural TL detected from the rock samples selected in the first 1000 meter depth of the Earth, and these natural TL are accumulated through natural radiation effects; (2) the natural TL shows statistically obvious reducing trends for the rock samples selected under the 2000 meter depth, and even no detectable TL is found for those rocks selected at 4000 meter depth. (3) the natural TL peaks corresponding to high temperature generally shift to the direction of higher temperature for the quartz-related rock samples, and several thermal events which occurred during the geological times might be responsible for this case

Thermoluminescence dating of pleistocene sediments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poupeau, G.; Souza, J.H.

1984-01-01

After a short introduction on recent trends in quaternary geochronology, this article focuses on the thermoluminescence (TL) dating of sediments, whose principles, present limits and prospects are discussed. Results are presented for TL behavior of sands from various geological contexts in Brazil. They show that the coarse (approx. 100-200 μm) quartz fraction of coastal and intracontinental, eolian and fluvial - type deposits, might be datable by TL from the upper Holocene to at least the base of the upper Pleistocene, with a precision of +- 10-15%. (Author) [pt

Thermoluminescence dating of pleistocene sediments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poupeau, G.; Souza, J.H.; Rivera, A.

1984-01-01

After a short introduction on recent trends in quaternary geochronology, this article focuses on the thermoluminescence dating of sediments, whose principles and present limits and prospects are discussed. Results are presented for the TL behaviour of sands from various geological contexts in Brazil. They show that the coarse (approx. 100-200μm) quartz fraction of coastal and intra continental, eolian and fluvial-type deposits, might be datable by TL from the upper Holocene to at least the basis of the upper Pleistocene, with a precision of + - 10-15%. (Author) [pt

Calculation of the relative efficiency of thermoluminescent detectors to space radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bilski, P.

2011-01-01

Thermoluminescent (TL) detectors are often used for measurements of radiation doses in space. While space radiation is composed of a mixture of heavy charged particles, the relative TL efficiency depends on ionization density. The question therefore arises: what is the relative efficiency of TLDs to the radiation present in space? In the attempt to answer this question, the relative TL efficiency of two types of lithium fluoride detectors for space radiation has been calculated, based on the theoretical space spectra and the experimental values of TL efficiency to ion beams. The TL efficiency of LiF:Mg,Ti detectors for radiation encountered at typical low-Earth’s orbit was found to be close to unity, justifying a common application of these TLDs to space dosimetry. The TL efficiency of LiF:Mg,Cu,P detectors is significantly lower. It was found that a shielding may have a significant influence on the relative response of TLDs, due to changes caused in the radiation spectrum. In case of application of TLDs outside the Earth’s magnetosphere, one should expect lower relative efficiency than at the low-Earth’s orbit.

Natural dose level determination at Johor State with thermoluminescence dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmad Termizi Ramli; Yusof Jasman

1995-01-01

This paperwork presented the results of using thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) method in measuring background dose level, which is done at State of Johor, South Malaysia. The problems faced also discussed

Atomic Emission Spectra Diagnosis and Electron Density Measurement of Semiconductor Bridge (SCB) Plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feng Hongyan; Zhu Shunguan; Zhang Lin; Wan Xiaoxia; Li Yan; Shen Ruiqi

2010-01-01

Emission spectra of a semiconductor bridge (SCB) plasma in a visible range was studied in air. The electron density was measured in a conventional way from the broadening of the A1 I 394.4 nm Stark width. Based on the Saha equation, a system for recording the intensity of Si I 390.5 nm and Si II 413.1 nm was designed. With this technique, the SCB plasma electron density was measured well and accurately. Moreover, the electron density distribution Vs time was acquired from one SCB discharge. The individual result from the broadening of the Al I 394.4 nm Stark width and Saha equation was all in the range of 10 15 cm -3 to 10 16 cm -3 . Finally the presumption of the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) condition was validated.

Storage Telemetry of Radionuclide Tracers by Implantable Thermoluminescent Dosimeters

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bojsen, J.; Møller, U.; Christensen, Poul

1977-01-01

A storage telemetrical method using thermoluminescent (TL) dosimeters for long-term measurements of incorporated radioactive substances in unrestrained rats has been developed. The system has been used in combination with radiotelemetrical registration of the circadian temperature rhythm. By sequ...

The nature of trapping sites and recombination centres in PVK and PVK-PBD electroluminescent matrices seen by spectrally resolved thermoluminescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Glowacki, Ireneusz; Szamel, Zbigniew

2010-01-01

Two electroluminescent polymer matrices poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and PVK with 40 wt% of 2-tert-butylphenyl-5-biphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD) were studied using spectrally resolved thermoluminescence (SRTL) in the temperature range 15-325 K. The comparison of the SRTL results with the electroluminescence (EL) spectra has allowed identification of the localized (trapping) sites and the radiative recombination centres present in the investigated matrices. In the neat PVK films deep traps with a depth about 200 meV, related to triplet excimers dominate, while in the PVK-PBD (40 wt%) blend films the traps that are related to triplet exciplexes formed by the carbazole groups and the PBD molecules dominate. Depth of the traps in the PVK-PBD blend is somewhat lower than that in the neat PVK. An analysis of the EL spectra shows that in the PVK and in the PVK-PBD blend the dominant radiative centres are singlet excimers and singlet exciplexes, respectively. However, in the neat PVK some contributions of the triplet monomer and the triplet excimer states in the EL were also detected.

Thermoluminescence characterization of the irradiated minerals extracted from nopal

Science.gov (United States)

Cruz-Zaragoza, E.; Furetta, C.; Kitis, G.; Gomez, B. T.; Polymeris, G. S.; Tsirliganis, N.; Loukou, Z.

2006-05-01

The mineral fraction from dehydrated nopal leaves (Opuntia ficus indica ) belonging to the Cactaceae family was extracted and selected by sizes of 10 and 74 mu m and exposed to 60 Co gamma radiation at different doses in the range 70 Gy-20 kGy. The glow-curves from these polyminerals show a thermoluminescence (TL) band with one very intense peak at a temperature around 150 degrees C and a second one emerging in the high temperature region, moving in a large zone of temperature values according to the preparation used and the level of irradiation. The XRD analysis shows a composition of both biominerals as whewellite and weddellite and a mineral fraction as anorthoclase and quartz. The main TL characteristics of the polymineral content of the nopal was analyzed, i.e . the TL response at different doses and fading during storage at room temperature. The activation energy of the traps responsible for the TL emission was also investigated and a possible continuous distribution of traps is discussed. A review of the scientific literature shows that this is the first time that a TL study on nopal ionized by irradiation has been carried out.

Thermoluminescence characterization of CVD diamond film exposed to UV and beta radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barboza-Flores, M.; Melendrez, R.; Gastelum, S.; Chernov, V.; Bernal, R.; Cruz-Vazquez, C.; Brown, F.; Pedroza-Montero, M.; Gan, B.; Ahn, J.; Zhang, Q.; Yoon, S.F.

2003-01-01

Thermoluminescence (TL) properties of diamond films grown by microwave and hot filament CVD techniques were studied. The main purpose of the present work was to characterize the thermoluminescence response of diamond films to ultraviolet and beta radiation. The thermoluminescence excitation spectrum exhibits maximum TL efficiency around 210-215 nm. All samples presented a glow curve composed of at least one TL peak and showed regions of linear as well as supralinear behavior as a function or irradiation dose. The linear dose dependence was found for up to sixteen minutes of monochromatic UV irradiation and 300 Gy for beta irradiated samples. The activation energy and the frequency factor were determined and found in the range of 0.33-1.7 eV and 5.44 x 10 2 -5.67 x 10 16 s -1 , respectively. The observed TL performance is reasonable appropriate to justify further investigation of diamond films as radiation dosimeters keeping in mind that diamond is an ideal TL dosemeter since it is tissue-equivalent and biological compatible. (copyright 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

Thermoluminescence characterization of isolated minerals to identify oranges exposed to γ-ray, e-beam, and X-ray for quarantine applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deokjo Jo; Joong-Ho Kwon; Bhaskar Sanyal; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai; Ju-Woon Lee

2015-01-01

Identification of irradiated fruits is of paramount importance to address the limitation of irradiation technology because of varying national and international regulations. Thermoluminescence (TL) analysis was carried out to identify oranges irradiated with γ-ray, electron beam and X-ray. Non-irradiated samples exhibited background TL signals, but all the irradiated samples showed defined TL glow curves characterized by a prominent peak at 158-163 deg C. Characterizations of the irradiated standard minerals showed that feldspars were the major contributors to the TL emission and stable TL signals revealed a successful detection of irradiated oranges even after a prolonged storage. (author)

The thermoluminescence of carp otoliths: A fingerprint in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This paper reports a pilot study on the thermoluminescence (TL) of carbonate minerals of carp otoliths from the heavily polluted Baiyangdian Lake (BYD) in Hebei Province and non-polluted Miyun Water Reservoir (MY) in Beijing Municipality of China. Analyses on trace elements of otoliths and water show that the heavy ...

Detection of the irradiated domestic potato by thermoluminescence analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakauma, M.; Saitou, K.; Todoriki, S.

2004-01-01

The applicability of thermoluminescence (TL) method to the detection of Japanese domestic potatoes was examined. Potatoes of nine different origins were exposed to gamma rays at O to 150Gy and the minerals separated from the potatoes were subjected to the TL measurements. The fading effects of TL emission intensity were also examined during the storage of post-irradiation period. The irradiated samples gave large intensity of TL signals compared with those of non-irradiated ones, and there were proportionalities in the intensity and the dose. The quantum yield of the TL emission for each unit weight and shape of glow curves were varied in the samples from different producing regions hence the irradiated samples were difficult to be detected by using those parameters. TL ratios obtained from the irradiated samples in all regions were 0.15-1.00 and those obtained from non-irradiated samples were less than 0.15. Therefore, the irradiated and non-irradiated samples can be distinguished by normalization (TL ratio). The signal intensity decreased with the storage time, and the reduction of signal was more rapidly observed in the sample stored under light condition than that in darkness. However, the TL ratio of the samples irradiated at 150 Gy and stored for five months could be distinguished from those of non-irradiated samples. It was also possible to apply this method to the detection of the domestic potatoes which irradiated in a commercial facility and purchased at a local market. (Received Oct. 22, 2003; Accepted Mar. 18, 2004)

Practical use of lithium borate in thermoluminescent dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chavaudra, J.; Nguyen, J.; Marinello, G.; Brule, A.M.

1976-01-01

The functional principles of thermoluminescent dosimeters are recalled: heating, apparatus for measuring the emitted light, circulation of nitrogen, reference source. The essential role played by the circulation of nitrogen over the dosimeters which equilibrates the temperature of the photomultiplier, reduces the emission of unwanted light, prevents the combustion of dust or other possible impurities and finally improves the accuracy of the measurements even for high doses, is underlined. Lithium borate is taken as an example and a simple method for finding the optimum working conditions for the heating apparatus of the planchette in the most simple T.L.D. readers and in those where the heating apparatus of the planchette has a pre-heating phase is proposed. The dosimetric properties of lithium borate incorporated in thin teflon discs (type DLB. 0.13 and 0.4) are studied. This shows itself to be very interesting for certain uses because it is a solid dosimeter which does not require annealing between two measurements. The accuracy of the measurements obtained with this material, the stability of the response relative to the delay between radiation and reading (fading), the response relative to the absorbed dose plus the nature and the energy of the rays, are presented with the usual reservations made for this type of dosimetry [fr

Thermoluminescence properties of Eu-doped and Eu/Dy-codoped Sr2 Al2 SiO7 phosphors.

Science.gov (United States)

Jadhaw, Akhilesh; Sonwane, Vivek D; Gour, Anubha S; Jha, Piyush

2017-11-01

We report the thermoluminescence properties of Sr 1.96 Al 2 SiO 7 :Eu 0.04 and Sr 1.92 Al 2 SiO 7 :Eu 0.04 Dy 0.04 phosphors. These phosphors were prepared by a high-temperature solid-state reaction method. The prepared phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction. A 254 nm source was used for ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and a 60 Co source was used for γ-irradiation. The effect of heating rate and UV-exposure were examined. The thermoluminescence temperature shifts to higher values with increasing heating rate and thermoluminescence intensity increases with increasing UV exposure time. The trapping parameters such as activation energy (E), order of kinetics and frequency factor (s) were calculated by peak shape method. The effect of γ- and UV-irradiation on thermoluminescence studies was also examined. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Search for the dose-sensitive optically stimulated luminescence response in natural carbonates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaek, Ivar; Huett, Galina; Rammo, Ilmar; Vasilchenko, Valeri

2001-01-01

Carbonates of different origin, such as Iceland spar, calcites, and mollusc shells, used as electron spin resonance and thermoluminescence paleodosimeters, were studied in order to determine their suitability for optically stimulated luminescence dating. The stimulation/excitation spectra of the afterglow of the samples were recorded in the wavelength range of 250-1100 nm. The results of the study show that these spectra present either excitation spectra of Mn 2+ ion fluorescence (samples of calcites and Iceland spar, red emission recorded) or the excitation spectra of primary phosphorescence (samples of carbonates, including molluscs shells; short-wave emission bands recorded). The recorded stimulation spectra revealed no spectral bands sensitive to stimulation by ionizing radiation, which would disappear as a result of heating and could thus be related to deep traps in carbonates, needed dating. The cause of this situation which is unusual in luminescent crystals, including luminescence (paleo)dosimeters, and the ways of overcoming the difficulties in optical dating of natural carbonates are discussed. (author)

Evidence of organic luminescent centers in sol-gel-synthesized yttrium aluminum borate matrix leading to bright visible emission

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Burner, Pauline; Salauen, Mathieu; Ibanez, Alain; Gautier-Luneau, Isabelle [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inst NEEL, Grenoble (France); CNRS, Inst NEEL, Grenoble (France); Sontakke, Atul D.; Viana, Bruno [PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech - CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (France); Bardet, Michel [Universite Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, MEM, Grenoble (France); Mouesca, Jean-Marie; Gambarelli, Serge; Maurel, Vincent [Universite Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SyMMES, Grenoble (France); Barra, Anne-Laure [Laboratoire National des Champs Magnetiques Intenses, UPR CNRS 3228, Universite Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble (France); Ferrier, Alban [PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech - CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (France); Sorbonne Universites UPMC Universites Paris 06, Paris (France)

2017-11-06

Yttrium aluminum borate (YAB) powders prepared by sol-gel process have been investigated to understand their photoluminescence (PL) mechanism. The amorphous YAB powders exhibit bright visible PL from blue emission for powders calcined at 450 C to broad white PL for higher calcination temperature. Thanks to {sup 13}C labelling, NMR and EPR studies show that propionic acid initially used to solubilize the yttrium nitrate is decomposed into aromatic molecules confined within the inorganic matrix. DTA-TG-MS analyses show around 2 wt % of carbogenic species. The PL broadening corresponds to the apparition of a new band at 550 nm, associated with the formation of aromatic species. Furthermore, pulsed ENDOR spectroscopy combined with DFT calculations enables us to ascribe EPR spectra to free radicals derived from small (2 to 3 rings) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). PAH molecules are thus at the origin of the PL as corroborated by slow afterglow decay and thermoluminescence experiments. (copyright 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Phosphor for thermoluminescent type radiation dosimeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nada, N.; Yamashita, T.

1975-01-01

This has the accumulation effect of radiation energy and is mainly used as the element for thermoluminescent type radiation dosimeters. It has as the principal constituent a phosphor consisting of calcium sulfate as the principal constituent and other impurity elements such as dysprosium, thulium and the like. It is more sensitive by the order of 1 to 2 or more figures than the conventional ones and is excellent in the retention of absorbed radiation energy. (U.S.)

A pocket type thermoluminescent personnel dosimeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vora, K.G.; Nagpal, J.S.; Pendurkar, H.K.; Gangadharan, P.

1979-01-01

A pocket type thermoluminescent personnel dosemeter using CaSO 4 : Dy phosphor is described. Two glass capillaries containing the phosphor are fitted into a plastic tube and covered by a cylindrical filter. The combination is fitted into an ink barrel of a fountain pen. The response of this Dy glass dosimeter was studied for various incident photon energies. A uniform response over the energy range from 33 keV to 1250 keV is achieved. (A.K.)

Diversity of soft X-ray spectra in quasars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elvis, M.; Wilkes, B.J.; Tananbaum, H.

1985-01-01

Soft X-ray spectra for three quasars obtained with the Einstein Imaging Proportional Counter covering the 0.1-4.0 keV band are reported. Power-law fits to these spectra have best-fit energy indices of 1.2 +0.6 or -0.2, for the quasar NAB 0205 + 024, 0.6 +0.3 or -0.2 for the quasar B2 1028 + 313, and 2.2 + or -0.4 for the quasar PG 1211 + 143. None of the quasars shows any evidence for a column density of cold matter in excess of the galactic values. The derived spectra demonstrate that there is no single universal power law slope for quasar X-ray spectra. The implications of these results for the X-ray background, X-ray continuum emission mechanisms, and the production of the optical/UV emission lines are briefly discussed. 46 references

Synthesis and thermoluminescence characterization of Na6Mg(SO4)4:RE (RE = Ce, Tb) phosphors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kore, Bhushan P.; Dhoble, N.S.; Dhoble, S.J.

2014-01-01

Thermoluminescence (TL) properties of sulfate-based phosphors activated by different rare earths have received tremendous attention to the field of radiation dosimetry. Those TL materials based on CaSO 4 have been widely applied for medical and environmental dosimetry. Taking this fact into account we have synthesized Na 6 Mg(SO 4 ) 4 doped with Ce and Tb by wet chemical method. The prepared phosphor was characterized by XRD, FTIR, photoluminescence (PL) and thermoluminescence. For TL study, the phosphor is irradiated with γ-rays from 60 Co source. For studying luminescence properties, the prepared phosphor was annealed at different temperatures and effects of these annealing temperatures on Na 6 Mg(SO 4 ) 4 samples are investigated and quantified. The changes in the glow curve and PL emission spectrum are also investigated as a function of annealing temperature and the annealing temperature was optimized. For calculation of trapping parameters various methods such as peak shape (PS) method, initial rise (IR) method, various heating rate (VHR) method, and computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) are employed. - Highlights: • Na 6 Mg(SO 4 ) 4 phosphor was successfully prepared by wet chemical method. • Effect of annealing temperatures on PL and TL properties has been studied. • Different trap analysis methods were used for calculating the trapping parameters. • Effect of these methods on activation energies were investigated in detail

Application of numerical analysis methods to thermoluminescence dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomez Ros, J. M.; Delgado, A.

1989-01-01

This report presents the application of numerical methods to thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD), showing the advantages obtained over conventional evaluation systems. Different configurations of the analysis method are presented to operate in specific dosimetric applications of TLD, such as environmental monitoring and mailed dosimetry systems for quality assurance in radiotherapy facilities. (Author) 10 refs

Laboratory-based grain-shape models for simulating dust infrared spectra

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mutschke, H.; Min, M.; Tamanai, A.

2009-01-01

Context. Analysis of thermal dust emission spectra for dust mineralogy and physical grain properties depends on comparison spectra, which are either laboratory-measured infrared extinction spectra or calculated extinction cross sections based on certain grain models. Often, the agreement between

Thermoluminescence dosimetry of gamma rays from the fallout of the Semipalatinsk nuclear tests

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takada, J.; Hoshi, M.; Endo, S.; Yamamoto, M.; Nagatomo, T.; Gusev, B.I.; Rozenson, R.I.; Apsalikov, K.N.; Tchaijunusova, N.J.

1996-01-01

Field missions were sent to several settlements near the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site out in order to investigate dosimetry for the residents in 1995. The results of measurements of environmental radiation doses and thermoluminescence dosimetry in some villages near the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site are presented. The radiation levels in several villages are the natural background level in 1995, 6 years after the final nuclear explosion. On the other hand, thermoluminescence dosimetry revealed significant radiation exposure to residents in this area due to nuclear tests. (author)

Image in nuclear dosimetry using thermoluminescent dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guinsburg, G.; Matsuoka, M.; Watanabe, S.

1987-01-01

A low cost methodology to produce images of internal sick organs by radioisotopic intake, is presented. Dosimetries of thermoluminescent material and Teflon (ratio:50%) in bidimensional matrix shape are used with a Pb collimator. This collimator-bidimensional matrix system was tested ''in vivo'' and in thyroid phantoms using 99m Tc. A comparative evaluation between this method and the scintigraphy one is presented. (M.A.C.) [pt

Bidimensional characterization of the emission spectra in a direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Orejas, Jaime; Pisonero, Jorge; Bordel, Nerea; Nelis, Thomas; Guillot, Philippe; Sanz-Medel, Alfredo

2012-01-01

An in-house atmospheric pressure glow discharge source, designed to be used as ionization/desorption source for ambient mass spectrometry, has been electrically characterized, and its optical emission spectra evaluated in detail. Electrical characterization showed that the plasma regime can vary from glow discharge to arc discharge depending on operating conditions (i.e. He flow rate and inter electrode distance). Furthermore, bidimensional images of the optical emission of some plasma species using filters as wavelength selectors, were registered from inside and outside the discharge chamber (inner region and afterglow region respectively), showing the spatial distribution of excited species (i.e. He*, N 2 + and O*). These distribution patterns are useful to study the chemistry of the discharge plasma, since different production pathways and different excitation energies affect the presence of these species in the plasma regions. - Highlights: ► An in-house APGD is characterized through electrical and OES measurements. ► Interelectrode distance had more effect on electric regime than He flow rate. ► Internal plume images showed differences on the production pathways for each species. ► Higher interelectrode distances and He flow rates showed better afterglow conditions.

Classification of hydromagnetic emissions based on frequency--time spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukunishi, H.; Toya, T.; Koike, K.; Kuwashima, M.; Kawamura, M.

1981-01-01

By using 3035 hydromagnetic emission events observed in the frequency range of 0.1--2.0 Hz at Syowa (Lapprox.6), HM emissions have been classified into eight subtypes based on their spectral structures, i.e., HM whistler, periodic HM emission, HM chorus, HM emission burst, IPDP, morning IPDP, Pc 1--2 band, and irregular HM emission. It is seen that each subtype has a preferential magnetic local time interval and also a frequency range for its occurrence. Morning IPDP events and irregular HM emissions occur in the magnetic morning hours, while dispersive periodic HM emissions and HM emission bursts occur around magnetic local noon, then HM chorus emissions occur in the afternoon hours and IPDP events occur in the evening hours. Furthermore, it is noticed that the mid-frequencies of these emissions vary from high frequencies in the morning hours to low frequencies in the afternoon hours. On the basis of these results, the generation mechanisms of each subtype are discussed

Investigation of thermoluminescence properties of mobile phone screen displays as dosimeters for accidental dosimetry

Science.gov (United States)

Mrozik, Anna; Marczewska, B.; Bilski, P.; Kłosowski, M.

2014-11-01

The rapid assessment of the radiation dose after unexpected exposure is a task of accidental dosimetry. In case of a radiological accident glasses originating from mobile phone screens, placed usually near the human body, could be used as emergency thermoluminescent (TL) personal dosimeters. The time between irradiation and TL readout is crucial and therefore preparation of the mobile phone screens and their readout conditions should be optimized. The influence of the samples etching, bleaching and selection of the optical filters based on measurement of the emission spectrum of irradiated glass samples during heating for different types of mobile phones were the subjects of our investigation. Obtained results showed that glasses extracted from different brands of mobile phones have different dosimetric properties but all of them give a luminescent signal which can be used to calculate the dose.

Thermoluminescent properties of CaSO4:Dy prepared by precipitation method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roman, J.; Rivera, T.; Azorin, J.

2009-10-01

This paper reports the synthesis and thermoluminescent (Tl) characterization of CaSO 4 :Dy obtained by the precipitation method. Thermoluminescent CaSO 4 :Dy powder and Teflon (PTFE) were mixed in order to obtain samples in pellets form. Samples of CaSO 4 :Dy were exposed to a radiation gamma source of 60 Co and 90 Sr beta particles. Tl response of CaSO 4 :Dy showed a glow curve with two peaks centered at around 164 and 302 C. Tl phosphor showed a good linearity in the range from 0.5 to 30 Gy. Fading of the Tl information was 5.19 % in 37 days and presented a standard deviation of 4% for reproducibility. (Author)

Observation of soft X-ray spectra from a Seyfert 1 and a narrow emission-line galaxy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singh, K.P.; Garmire, G.P.; Nousek, J.

1985-01-01

The 0.2-40 keV X-ray spectra of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 509 and the narrow emission-line galaxy NGC 2992 are analyzed. The results suggest the presence of a steep soft X-ray component in Mrk 509 in addition to the well-known Gamma = 1.7 component found in other active galactic nuclei in the 2-40 keV energy range. The soft X-ray component is interpreted as due to thermal emission from a hot gas, probably associated with the highly ionized gas observed to be outflowing from the galaxy. The X-ray spectrum of NGC 2992 does not show any steepening in the soft X-ray band and is consistent with a single power law (Gamma = 1.78) with very low absorbing column density of 4 x 10 to the 21st/sq cm. A model with partial covering of the nuclear X-ray source is preferred, however, to a simple model with a single power law and absorption. 34 references

Time resolved spectra in the infrared absorption and emission from shock heated hydrocarbons. [in interstellar medium

Science.gov (United States)

Bauer, S. H.; Borchardt, D. B.

1990-01-01

The wavelength range of a previously constructed multichannel fast recording spectrometer was extended to the mid-infrared. With the initial configuration, light intensities were recorded simultaneously with a silicon-diode array simultaneously at 20 adjacent wavelengths, each with a 20-micron time resolution. For studies in the infrared, the silicon diodes were replaced by a 20-element PbSe array of similar dimensions, cooled by a three-stage thermoelectric device. It is proposed that infrared emissions could be due to shock-heated low molecular-weight hydrocarbons. The full Swan band system appeared in time-integrated emission spectra from shock-heated C2H2; no soot was generated. At low resolution, the profiles on the high-frequency side of the black body maximum show no distinctive features. These could be fitted to Planck curves, with temperatures that declined with time from an initial high that was intermediate between T5 (no conversion) and T5(eq).

Thermoluminescence dating of late Devensian loesses in southern England

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wintle, A.G.

1981-01-01

The results are reported of thermoluminescence dating of six relatively recent deposits of loess-like material from southern Britiain between the Scilly Isles and Kent. The dates have been obtained on the loess itself and confirm the ages as being late Devensian. (U.K.)

Thermoluminescence: how safe are we? ask the crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Madiyal, Ananya; Alva, Priyadharshini

2013-01-01

Thermoluminescence means 'light emitted from heat'. Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) is a type of radiation measuring instrument used for the measurement of actual dose received by the operator or patient as a result of radiographic exposure. TLD calculates the ionising radiation exposure by measuring the amount of visible light emitted from a crystal in the detector when the crystal is heated. The two types of TLD are Calcium Fluoride type and the Lithium Fluoride type. The former is used for environmental detection of radiation exposure while the latter is used for detection of personal radiation exposure. A TLD card consists of a nickel plated aluminium plate and 3 filters. The equipment used to heat the exposed material and measure the emitted light produced by heat is called TLD reader. It comprises of a heater, a photomultiplier tube and the electronic system. TLD is used to measure the dose received by a patient while undergoing radiotherapy, for radio-diagnosis and as personnel monitoring devices. It has the advantage of being small in size, chemically inert, accurate and gives a reproducible reading. (author)

A theoretical description of complex thermoluminescence curves: 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kantorovich, L.N.; Fogel, G.M.

1989-01-01

Thermoluminescence kinetics is discussed using a model with one type of recombination centre and an arbitrary number of trapping centre types, assuming that electron retrapping is dominant. A distinctive feature of the suggested method is that an integral equation is obtained for the one-time function z(t) through which both the intensity of the thermoluminescence curve (TLC) and the concentration of charge carriers are expressed. Using a series of approximations, which are analysed in detail, analytical solutions of the integral equation are obtained for an arbitrary elementary peak in a complex TLC consisting of a number of slightly overlapping peaks. The comparison of the theoretical results with the numerical ones obtained by the Runge-Kutta method shows that the obtained analytical expression is precise for the first peak and describes the following TLC peaks satisfactorily. The possibility of using the results of the present study for computer division of a complex TLC into elementary components, even in the case of considerably overlapping peaks, is also discussed. (author)

Infrared spectra of peculiar emission-line stars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andrillat, Yvette; Houziaux, Leo

1975-01-01

230A/mm spectra of HD51585, V1016Cyg, HBV475 and XXOph between 8,000 and 11,000A are described. Important spectral variations have been noted between 1974 and 1975. Satisfactory identifications cannot be proposed for lines at 9,180 and 9,204A [fr

An experimental system for thermoluminescent dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perry, K.E.G.; George, E.

1965-08-01

A thermoluminescent dosimeter (T.L.D.) reader has been developed for experimental investigations on the use of lithium fluoride for 'finger tip' dosimetry. The design of the reader is based on the maximum use of standard electronic units in the A.E.R.E. Type 2000 series but some new unit development has been necessary. The reader gives improved experimental facilities over present commercially-available designs. The technique for 'finger-tip' dosimetry is described and the initial experimental results are given. (author)

Computer simulation of ICP spectra: A new tool for the study of excitation, emission, and line overlap

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blades, M.W.; Burton, L.L.

1986-01-01

It is well known that the relatively high temperature of ICP sources provides an excitation environment relatively free from dissociation and vaporization interferences and, in addition, produces intense analyte line spectra and hence high analytical sensitivity. However, this feature also introduces the potential for spectral overlaps from sample concomitants. The degree to which an analyte spectral line intensity can be corrected for interfering spectral overlaps depends on many factors including spectrometer resolution, sample composition and ICP operating conditions. The authors have been using a computer program to assist them in the study of ICP analyte emission spectra. This program is being used to study the spectral distribution of line intensity information and also to do detailed investigations on spectral overlaps in complex sample mixtures. As input data the program uses tabulated wavelengths, transition probabilities (gA values), partition functions, excitation energies of the transitions, ionization energy, temperature, and Doppler and Stark linewidths

Comparison of experimental and calculated neutron emission spectra and angular distributions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gruppelaar, H.; Akkermans, J.M.

1980-06-01

Experimental and calculated neutron emission spectra and angular distributions have been intercompared for 14.6-MeV neutron-induced reactions. The experimental data, measured by Hermsdorf et al., cover 34 elements in a large mass range. To calculate the differential neutron scattering cross sections a unified model of preequilibrium neutron emission was used, in which the generalized master equation of Mantzouranis et al. was solved with a fast exact matrix method, recently introduced by Akkermans. For the scattering kernel a three-term Legendre polynomial representation was adopted, which was either derived from the differential free nucleon-nucleon scattering cross section or fitted to obtain optimal agreement with the set of experimental data of Hermsdorf et al. The results of the last-mentioned calculation are quite acceptable in view of the fact that only two global parameters have been to describe the angular distributions of all experimental data. The report contains tables and graphs of the calculated Legendre coefficients and graphs of energy-averaged angular distributions for all 34 elements. It is further shown that improvements in the energy and angular distributions could be obtained by means of adjustment of the level-density parameters of the individual residual nuclei. Finally a short discussion is devoted to the problems of fitting angular distributions at backward angles by varying the model parameters or the specification of the initial condition. It is indicated that the so-called preequilibrium phase of the nuclear reaction actually consists of two different stages, the first one generating the forward-peaked angular distributions and the second one showing angular distributions symmetric about 90 0

Treatment verification and in vivo dosimetry for total body irradiation using thermoluminescent and semiconductor detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, F.F.; Amaral, L.L.; Costa, A.M.; Netto, T.G.

2014-01-01

The objective of this work is the characterization of thermoluminescent and semiconductor detectors and their applications in treatment verification and in vivo dosimetry for total body irradiation (TBI) technique. Dose measurements of TBI treatment simulation performed with thermoluminescent detectors inserted in the holes of a “Rando anthropomorphic phantom” showed agreement with the prescribed dose. For regions of the upper and lower chest where thermoluminescent detectors received higher doses it was recommended the use of compensating dose in clinic. The results of in vivo entrance dose measurements for three patients are presented. The maximum percentual deviation between the measurements and the prescribed dose was 3.6%, which is consistent with the action level recommended by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU), i.e., ±5%. The present work to test the applicability of a thermoluminescent dosimetric system and of a semiconductor dosimetric system for performing treatment verification and in vivo dose measurements in TBI techniques demonstrated the value of these methods and the applicability as a part of a quality assurance program in TBI treatments. - Highlights: • Characterization of a semiconductor dosimetric system. • Characterization of a thermoluminescent dosimetric system. • Application of the TLDs for treatment verification in total body irradiation treatments. • Application of semiconductor detectors for in vivo dosimetry in total body irradiation treatments. • Implementation of in vivo dosimetry as a part of a quality assurance program in radiotherapy

Non-intrusive measurement of emission indices. A new approach to the evaluation of infrared spectra emitted by aircraft engine exhaust gases

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lindermeir, E.; Haschberger, P.; Tank, V. [Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR), Wessling (Germany). Inst. fuer Optoelektronik

1997-12-31

A non-intrusive method is used to determine the emission indices of a research aircraft`s engine in-flight. The principle is based on the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer MIROR which was specifically designed and built for operation aboard aircrafts. This device measures the spectrum of the infrared radiation emitted by the hot exhaust gas under cruise conditions. From these spectra mixing ratios and emission indices can be derived. An extension to previously applied evaluation schemes is proposed: Whereas formerly the plume was assumed a homogeneous layer of gas, temperature and concentration profiles are now introduced to the evaluation procedure. (author) 5 refs.

Performance tests on the NRPB thermoluminescent dosemeter

CERN Document Server

Shaw, K B

1977-01-01

Performance tests on the thermoluminescent dosemeter, designed at NRPB for use in the automated personal dosimetry system, are described. An ultra-thin lithium borate dosemeter has been developed for skin absorbed dose measurement. The X-ray, gamma-ray and beta-ray energy response of the dosemeter has been investigated and the angular response for the dosemeter has been examined. The annealing, read-out and stabilisation procedures for the dosemeter are described.

Spatially-resolved thermoluminescence from snail opercula using an EMCCD

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Duller, G.A.T.; Kook, Myung Ho; Stirling, R.J.

2015-01-01

In recent years opercula of the snail species Bithynia tentaculata have been shown to emit thermoluminescence (TL) signals that can be used to determine equivalent dose, and may be capable of dating events throughout the entire Quaternary period. Concentric growth lines are a notable feature of a...

IRAS low-resolution spectra of galaxies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cohen, M.; Volk, K.

1989-01-01

The spectra of external galaxies are selected and extracted from the IRAS LRS database. Twenty-one objects present viable spectra. One is a peculiar star-forming E-S0 galaxy. The remainder are all starburst or H II region galaxies. Their average spectrum demonstrates the importance of the PAH emission bands in the 8-23-micron region and reinforces the conclusion reached from ground-based spectra, that there is a strong correlation between the PAH bands and the starburst or H II region character of a galaxy. 32 refs

Comparative study of thermoluminescence detection methods for irradiated spices

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kawamura, Y.; Kojima, K.; Sugita, T.; Yamada, T.; Saito, Y.

1995-01-01

The thermoluminescence (TL) detection methods for irradiated spices were compared using spice samples obtained on the Japanese market, irradiated at doses of 1, 5, 10 and 30 kGy and stored for 1 year before analysis. The TL intensities of irradiated spices were stable for 1 year after irradiation. Measurement with whole samples failed to identify irradiated samples. Minerals were separated from spices in sodium tungstate saturated solution and/or sodium polytungstate solution. The TL intensity of minerals which had undergone irradiation was significantly increased for all samples. However, the ranges of TL intensity of irradiated and unirradiated samples overlapped. Clear discrimination has been obtained between the TL ratios of irradiated and unirradiated spices by using normalized measurement with reirradiation. The detection limit in terms of irradiation dose is 1 kGy even in a sample that has been irradiated 1 year prior to analysis. Normalization is the best technique currently available for thermoluminescence analysis to identify irradiated spices

Dynamics of hot spots in the DPF-78 plasma focus from x-ray spectra and REB emission

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmidt, H.; Wang, X.X.

1995-01-01

The X-ray emission from hot spots in the plasma focus DPF-78 was investigated with the help of two X-ray quartz crystal spectrometers of the Johann type and a 4 fold magnifying X-ray pinhole camera. In the experiments the working gas was chosen to be 300 Pa deuterium with 20 Pa argon admixture. X-ray spectra in the wavelength range from 3.55 angstrom to 4.0 angstrom, including H-like and He-like Argon lines, were recorded on Kodak DEF-2 film. From the spatially resolved spectra recorded side-on, a relative spectral shift between different hot spots of the same shot was often observed. The shift could be attributed to the Doppler shift. From spectral characteristics such as intensities and FWHM of Ar resonant and intercombination lines electron densities of up to 3 x 10 27 m -3 were determined. Radial dimensions of the hot spots ranging from about 140 microm to 300 microm were found from pinhole pictures applying the penumbra method. Usually two pulses of relativistic electron beams were observed using Cherenkov detectors in a magnetic spectrometer. The energy of the first pulse, which was emitted at the time of maximum compression, was higher than that of the second pulse. The measured FWHM of the REB pulses ranges from 3 ns to about 10 ns. The characteristics of the time-integrated X-ray spectra and the time resolved REB spectra and their dependence on the composition of the filling gas are discussed

Thermoluminescence of irradiated foods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wagner, U.; Helle, N.; Boegl, K.W.; Schreiber, G.A.

1993-01-01

This report describes developments and applications of the thermoluminescence (TL) analysis of mineral contaminants in foods. Procedures are presented to obtain minerals from most different products such as pepper, mangos, shrimps and mussels. The effect of light exposure during the storage of foods on the TL intensity of minerals is examined and corresponding conclusions for routine control are drawn. It is also shown that the normalization of TL intensities - the essential step to identify irradiated samples - can not only be achieved by γ, X or β rays but also by UV radiation. The results allow the conclusion that a clear identification of any food which has been irradiated with more than 1 kGy is possible if enough minerals can be isolated. (orig.)

Vibration and Fluorescence Spectra of Porphyrin- CoredBis(methylol-propionic Acid Dendrimers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Boris Minaev

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Bis-MPA dendron-coated free-base tetraphenylporphyrin and zinc-tetraphenyl-porphyrin (TPPH2 and TPPZn were studied in comparison with simple porphyrins (H2P, ZnP by theoretical simulation of their infrared, Raman and electronic absorption spectra, as well as fluorescense emission. Infrared and fluorescence spectra of the dendrimers were measured and interpreted along with time-resolved measurements of the fluorescence. The 0-1 emission band of the dendron substituted TPPZn was found to experience a "heavy substitution"-effect. The 0-1 vibronic emission signal is associated with a longer decay time (approx. 7 - 8 ns than the 0-0 emission (approx. 1 - 1.5 ns. The former contributed with more relative emission yield for larger dendron substituents, in agreement with the appearance of steady-state emission spectra showing increased contribution from the 0-1 vibronic fluorescence band at 650 nm. No such substitution effect was observed in the electronic or vibrational spectra of the substituted free-base variant, TPPH2. Vibration spectra of the parent porphyrins (H2P, ZnP, TPPH2 and TPPZn were calculated by density functional theory (DFT using the B3LYP/6-31G** approximation and a detailed analysis of the most active vibration modes was made based on both literature and our own experimental data. Based on the results of theoretical calculations the wide vibronic bands in the visible region were assigned. The vibronic structure also gave a qualitative interpretation of bands in the electronic absorption spectra as well as in fluorescence emission depending on the size of dendrimer substitution. From the results of time-dependent DFT calculations it is suggested that the TPPZn-cored dendrimers indicate strong vibronic interaction and increased Jahn-Teller distortion of the prophyrin core for larger dendrimer generations. Specifically, this leads to the entirely different behaviour of the emission spectra upon substitution of the TPPH2 and TPPZn

Accuracy and precision in thermoluminescence dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marshall, T.O.

1984-01-01

The question of accuracy and precision in thermoluminescent dosimetry, particularly in relation to lithium fluoride phosphor, is discussed. The more important sources of error, including those due to the detectors, the reader, annealing and dosemeter design, are identified and methods of reducing their effects on accuracy and precision to a minimum are given. Finally, the accuracy and precision achievable for three quite different applications are discussed, namely, for personal dosimetry, environmental monitoring and for the measurement of photon dose distributions in phantoms. (U.K.)

Thermoluminescent dosemeters characterization for patient dosimetry in diagnostic radiology preliminary results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Castro, William J.; Squair, Peterson L.; Gonzaga, Natalia B.; Nogueira, Maria S.; Silva, Teogenes A. da

2009-01-01

The determination of the metrological characteristics of thermoluminescent (TL) dosimeters plays an important role in dosimetry of patients submitted to x-ray examinations for diagnostic purpose. Entrance surface doses can be measured with TL dosimeters to verify the compliance with the diagnostic reference levels. Organ doses can be estimated through TL measurements in an anthropomorphic phantom which it allows the radiation risk assessment. In this work, LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) rod and chip thermoluminescent dosimeters were characterized considering their use for patient dosimetry in computerized tomography and mammography. Preliminary results showed that TL dosimeters have a response reproducibility of 7.8% and 4.8% and homogeneity of 18.4% and 6.5% for rod and chip shapes, respectively. (author)

Development of a nano structured system based on zirconia and Co nanoparticles for thermoluminescent applications: sensor of gamma and UV radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Villa S, G.

2014-01-01

Powders of zirconium IV oxide as well as systems composed of zirconia nano crystals and cobalt nanoparticles (ZrO 2 :NPCo) with dimensions of nanometers were synthesized by the sol-gel method. Zirconia and ZrO 2 :NPCo systems have crystalline structure tetragonal or monoclinic is the heat treatment was to 500 and 1000 degrees Celsius respectively. The characterization of the synthesized materials consisted of a morphological and structural analysis, the information obtained was correlated to its thermoluminescent response induced by gamma and ultraviolet radiation. Thermoluminescent behavior was analyzed on different concentrations of cobalt nanoparticles incorporated during the synthesis process of the zirconium oxide. The monoclinic structure has the highest sensitivity thermoluminescent induced by ultraviolet and gamma radiation. Moreover, the thermoluminescence intensity decreased considerably in ZrO 2 :NPCo systems and was induced the growth of a glow peak at 280 degrees Celsius. In most of the materials analyzed the relation of the thermoluminescence intensity depending the time of irradiation with ultraviolet light showed the saturation of the traps in the material after 60 s of irradiation. Using gamma radiation is observed a behavior linear in the applied dose range between 0.25 Gy and 450 Gy. The growth of a glow peak at 280 degrees Celsius is the most important change in the thermoluminescence characteristics of zirconia. The ZrO 2 :NPCo systems can be used in the development of thermoluminescent dosimeters for detecting gamma radiation fields mainly. (Author)

Dating of pre hispanic ceramics from the archaeological zone of Zoque by thermoluminescence method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valdes, J.V.; Gonzalez, P.R.; Mendoza, D.; Tenorio, D.; Terreros, E.; Ramirez, A.

2007-01-01

Full text: The dating of pre hispanic ceramics resides permitting us to located them in a certain period of the history; allows us to verify it origin. The thermoluminescence is a technique that permits us to estimate the absolute age of the archaeological samples. The present work is directed in determining the age by the method of thermoluminescence of archaeological samples of the grotto of Concubac, located in the Serrana Region of Tabasco. To determine the mineralogical composition of the samples, analysis of diffraction of X rays and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) have been conducted. The radiation emitted by the ground where the samples were buried and the contribution of the cosmic radiation was measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters of LiF:Mg,Cu,P+PTFE. The feasibility of dating of the studied samples is broadly disputed in function of the contents of minerals, as well as the procedure and management of the sample. (Author)

Dependence of red thermoluminescence on Eu-anomaly in natural quartzes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hashimoto, T; Yokosaka, K; Notoya, S; Ojima, T; Sakaue, S [Niigata Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Science

1993-04-01

The causes of red colour thermoluminescence (RTL) from natural quartz have been sought in the presence of impurity elements. Some impurities in 31 varieties of natural quartz extracts, determined by a neutron activation analysis, have been examined with respect to a meaningful correlation of the RTL to the total detectable TL strength. Generally, the higher impurity contents were found in quartz of volcanic origin, which always emits purely RTL colour, whereas the lower impurities were usually detected in hydrothermal quartz, which emits purely blue TL (BTL) in all absorbed doses. Among the impurities, the middle REE (rare earth elements), involving Eu and Sm, particularly offered considerable correlation with RTL emission with the exception of pegmatite quartz. It was found from the chondrite-normalized REE patterns that a positive Eu anomaly or flattened Eu distribution gave rise to relatively high RTL proportions, while a negative Eu anomaly always showed extremely weak RTL intensity. Thus, it was concluded that the Eu[sup 3+], formed from the oxidizable surrounding or high oxygen fugacity relative to a Cl chondrite formation, is strongly related to the RTL intensity in natural quartz. (author).

Thermoluminescence and electron spin resonance studies of irradiated biological single crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cooke, D.W.

1977-01-01

Single crystals of x-irradiated L-alanine:Cr 3+ have been studied between 90 and 300K by electron spin resonance (ESR) and thermoluminescence (TL) techniques. Ultraviolet (uv) photobleaching of the Cr 3+ electron traps and L-alanine radical centers was also investigated. The results demonstrate that the x-ray generated radical centers can be destroyed by uv-induced electron transport activity, and this destruction follows first order kinetics. Also, the transformation of the primary neutral radical species to a secondary radical in L-alanine was found not to be induced by intermolecular electron transport. The TL glow was determined to proceed by first-order kinetics at a temperature of 160K with an activation energy of 0.3 eV and a frequency factor of 1.0 x 10 8 s -1 . The emission spectrum consisted of a broad band (FWHM approx. = 100 nm) which peaked at approximately 420 nm. Scintillation activity was observed in the ferroelectric crystals triglycine sulfate (TGS), deuterated TGS, and TGS: L-alanine. The emission spectrum of TGS:L-alanine was obtained. New observations of scintillations and current pulses from glycine, a nonferroelectric crystal, which result from heating or cooling the sample between 77 and 300K with no previous irradiation were made. The scintillations and current pulses occur approximately in coincidence. Scintillations were also observed from the potent oncogen 3-hydroxyxanthine by cooling the sample from 300 to 90K with no previous irradiation

Thermoluminescence dating of a tephra level from Baume Moula-Guercy (Soyons, Ardeche, France)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanzelle, S.; Montret, M.; Pilleyre, T.; Miallier, D.; Fain, J.

1998-01-01

The Baume Moula-Guercy site (Ardeche, France) is a cave that overhangs the Rhone river valley at a hundred meters height. Since its discovery, it has been assimilated as a shelter with an upper part opened towards the sky. It contains an upper Pleistocene sequence inside which a 2-3 cm localized volcanic layer has been identified. This layer is attributed to an important phreato-magmatic emission from the Vivarais region located at about 50 km SW of the site. The filling of this cave contains neanderthalian remains in a lower level and middle Paleolithic lithic industries in a upper level. Thus, the dating of the tephra level would be of great archaeological importance as it could be used as a chronostratigraphic reference. An estimation of the age obtained by thermoluminescence dating has been requested. This report presents the dating procedure performed on quartz samples extracted from the tephra level and the estimation of the site dosimetry. (J.S.)

Cr-related centers in Gd3Ga5O12 polycrystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kostyk, L.; Luchechko, A.; Zakharko, Ya.; Tsvetkova, O.; Kuklinski, B.

2009-01-01

The luminescence excitation spectra, emission spectra under photo- and X-ray excitation, luminescence decay kinetics and thermostimulated luminescence (TSL) of Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 garnet (GGG) polycrystalline samples have been investigated. It was established that the spectrum of Cr 3+ ion emission were present in all TSL peaks. The activation energies of traps that are responsible for appearance of TSL in the region 295-600 K were estimated. It is shown that delocalization of electrons from the Cr 3+ e traps leads to the appearance of thermoluminescence (TL) glow peak at 390 K. The nature of other TSL peaks is discussed. The influence of visible light on the TSL intensity of the preliminary X-ray-irradiated samples is shown

Bidimensional characterization of the emission spectra in a direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Orejas, Jaime [University of Oviedo, Department of Physics, C/ Gonzazlez Quiros S/N, Mieres (Spain); Pisonero, Jorge, E-mail: pisonerojorge@uniovi.es [University of Oviedo, Department of Physics, C/ Gonzazlez Quiros S/N, Mieres (Spain); Bordel, Nerea [University of Oviedo, Department of Physics, C/ Gonzazlez Quiros S/N, Mieres (Spain); Nelis, Thomas [Bern University of Applied Sciences, Quellgasse 21, 2501 Bienne (Switzerland); Guillot, Philippe [DPHE, CUFR J. F. Champollion, Universite de Toulouse, Place de Verdun, Albi (France); Sanz-Medel, Alfredo, E-mail: asm@uniovi.es [University of Oviedo, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, C/ Julian Claveria 8, Oviedo (Spain)

2012-10-15

An in-house atmospheric pressure glow discharge source, designed to be used as ionization/desorption source for ambient mass spectrometry, has been electrically characterized, and its optical emission spectra evaluated in detail. Electrical characterization showed that the plasma regime can vary from glow discharge to arc discharge depending on operating conditions (i.e. He flow rate and inter electrode distance). Furthermore, bidimensional images of the optical emission of some plasma species using filters as wavelength selectors, were registered from inside and outside the discharge chamber (inner region and afterglow region respectively), showing the spatial distribution of excited species (i.e. He*, N{sub 2}{sup +} and O*). These distribution patterns are useful to study the chemistry of the discharge plasma, since different production pathways and different excitation energies affect the presence of these species in the plasma regions. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer An in-house APGD is characterized through electrical and OES measurements. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Interelectrode distance had more effect on electric regime than He flow rate. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Internal plume images showed differences on the production pathways for each species. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Higher interelectrode distances and He flow rates showed better afterglow conditions.

Recent research into thermoluminescent dosimetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakajima, T [National Inst. of Radiological Sciences, Chiba (Japan)

1979-04-01

The trend of basic research in thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD), the results, and developing fields in which it can be applied are reported. This trend is outlined from the viewpoint fields of application, a new trend in TLD readers, the conditions of development of new photogenic substances, and research in the radiation characteristics of photogenic substances (radiosensitivity to particle rays and ultraviolet rays, dose rate dependence, temperature dependence at irradiation, and ..gamma.. ray energy dependence). Utilization of TLD in the medical field for measurement of environmental radiation and as a monitor for workers exposed to radiation is discussed. An international comparison of dose was necessary in order to prove its universal validity.

Thermoluminescent kinetic parameters of the perovskite, KMgF{sub 3}, activated with lanthanum; Parametros cineticos termoluminiscentes de la perovskita, KMgF{sub 3}, activada con lantano

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sepulveda M, F. [ESFM-IPN, 07738 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Azorin N, J.; Rivera M, T. [UAM-I, 09340 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Furetta, C.; Sanipoli, C. [Physics Department, Universita di Roma ' ' La Sapienza' ' , Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Roma (Italy)

2004-07-01

The thermoluminescent curves induced by the beta radiation in the perovskite KMgF{sub 3} were investigated activated with lanthanum. The classic methods were used to determine the kinetic parameters (the kinetic order b, the activation energy E and the frequency of escape intent s) associated with the peaks of the thermoluminescent curve (Tl) in the KMgF{sub 3} activated with lanthanum after the irradiation with beta rays. The method is based on the position of the thermoluminescent peaks, obtained of the temperature change of the peak in the maximum emission caused by the change in the heating rapidity to which the samples were measured. In this work, the samples in form of pellets were re cooked previously at 400 C during one hour before irradiating them with beta particles. The Tl measures were made with a Tl reader system using three different heating rapidities and storing the glow curves. To calculate the depth of the E traps and the frequency factor s, the parameters of the glow curve were determined experimentally of the shame of the glow curve by means of the mensuration of the shame of the maximum temperature of the peak, T{sub M} like a function of the heating rapidity. The results indicate that the values of the kinetic parameters are very near among if when they are obtained indistinctly of anyone of the different methods. (Author)

Investigation and measurement of radio thermoluminescence properties of some calci tic mollusc shells of the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea (for γ radiation dosimetry)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghafourian, H.; Rabbani, M.; Rouhi, U.

2000-01-01

Biogenic Calcium Carbonate, particularly as naturally thermoluminescent calci tic mollusc shells may serve as excellent radio thermoluminescent dosimeters. In this study the radio thermoluminescence properties of 8 different bivalves of the Persian Gulf, the Oman Sea and the internal calcite shell of Sepia sp. are investigated. The results of this investigation have shown that the shells of Sepia sp., Pinctata radiata and Card ita bicolor as appropriate dosimeters for both personal and industrial dosimetry purposes, among which Sepia sp. is the most sensitive one. Callista umbonella and Mactra sp. are relatively less thermoluminescent while Saccostrea Cucullata and Chlamys ruschenbergerii are completely inert with respect to γ - thermoluminescence. Thermoluminescence properties of Anadara refescens and Anadara secticostata decrease surprisingly by an increase in the absorbed dose of γ radiation, which can mainly be interpreted as the result of crystal lattice destruction caused by ionizing radiation

Position Dependent Spontaneous Emission Spectra of a Λ-Type Atomic System Embedded in a Defective Photonic Crystal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Entezar, S. Roshan

2012-01-01

We investigate the position dependent spontaneous emission spectra of a Λ-type three-level atom with one transition coupled to the free vacuum reservoir and the other one coupled to a double-band photonic band gap reservoir with a defect mode in the band gap. It is shown that, for the atom at the defect location, we have a two-peak spectrum with a wide dark line due to the strong coupling between the atom and the defect mode. While, when the atom is far from the defect location (or in the absence of the defect mode), the spectrum has three peaks with two dark lines due to the coupling between the atom and the photonic band gap reservoir with the largest density of states near the band edges. On the other hand, we have a four-peak spectrum for the atom at the space in between. Moreover, the average spontaneous emission spectra of the atoms uniformly embedded in high dielectric or low dielectric regions are described. It is shown that the atoms embedded in high (low) dielectric regions far from the defect location, effectively couple to the modes of the lower (upper) photonic band. However, the atoms embedded in high dielectric or low dielectric regions at the defect location, are coupled mainly to the defect modes. While, the atoms uniformly embedded in high (low) dielectric regions with a normal distance from the defect location, are coupled to both of defect and lower (upper) photonic band modes. (electromagnetism, optics, acoustics, heat transfer, classical mechanics, and fluid dynamics)

Thermoluminescence and chemiluminescence measurement as routine screening method for identification of irradiated spices. Studies to establish limiting values for differentiation of irradiated and non-irradiated samples. Thermolumineszenz- und Chemilumineszenzmessungen als Routine-Methoden zur Identifizierung strahlenbehandelter Gewuerze. Untersuchungen zur Festlegung von Grenzwerten fuer die Unterscheidung bestrahlter von unbestrahlten Proben

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heide, L; Albrich, S; Mentele, E; Boegl, W

1987-04-01

The reported experiments with non-irradiated and ..gamma..-irradiated spices of different origin were conducted to determine the variation in chemiluminescence and thermoluminescence intensity for each individual spice. 29 spices from 7 to 10 different manufacturers have been examined, taking into account the influence of storage time. In order to evaluate the methods, the results are represented in diagrams and tables enabling light emission limits to be given for differentiation between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. The final section of this report contains a conclusive evaluation of the present state of chemiluminescence and thermoluminescence analysis for the detection of irradiated spices.

Quality control of dosimetric systems using thermoluminescent crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahecha, L.; Plazas, M. C.; Machado, M.; Perea, M. D.

2006-01-01

To achieve an optimal tumoral control to prostate cancer in early and locally advanced stages, it is necessary to increase the dose with a low mobility probability at the vesicle an rectal level. This is achieved through conformal radiotherapy. The Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia uses this technique, but two questions arise from the medical-physicists and medical radio-oncologist: In accordance with clinical protocols, the conformal radiotherapy delivers a low dose to the adjacent healthy tissues. What experimental method exists that can prove with certainly the veracity of this affirmation?. And, Do the dosimetric simulation system calculate suitable the dose for each tissues?. Through thermoluminescent dosimetry and the use of a physical simulator,we measured the absorbed dose at the target volume and the adjacent tissues using conformal and conventional radiotherapy. We proved that organs such as the rectum and bladder, receiver a minor dose in conformal radiotherapy, hence reducing their mobility probability. In addition, the readings from the thermoluminescent dosimeters and the doses calculated by the ECLIPSE dosimetric system were compared, concluding that the patient's prescribed dose is effectively delivered as recommended by the quality control program in radiotherapy. (Author)

Thermoluminescence of double fluorides doped with rare earths

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azorin N, J.; Sanchez R, A.; Khaidukov, N.M.

2004-01-01

In this work the thermoluminescent characteristics of double fluorides K 2 YF 5 , K 2 GdF 5 and K 2 LuF 5 doped are presented with Tb 3+ , studied in the interval of temperature from 30 to 400 C. The materials that presented better answer to the irradiation with particles beta and with ultraviolet light they were the K 2 YF 5 : Tb (1% at. Tb 3+ ) and the K 2 LuF 5 : Tb (1% at. Tb 3+ ); while the K 2 YF 5 : Tb to high concentrations (10% and 20% at. Tb 3+ ) and the K 2 LuF 5 : Tb (1% at. Tb 3+ ) and the K 2 LuF 5 : Tb (1% at. Tb 3+ ) they presented an acceptable answer in front of the gamma radiation. The intensity of the Tl answer induced in these materials is a decisive factor to continue studying its dosimetric characteristics, what allows to consider them as the base for the development of potential materials to use them in the dosimetry of beta particles, of the UV light of the gamma radiation using the thermoluminescence method. (Author)

Indirect measure of X-rays spectra using TLDs; Medicion indirecta de espectros de rayos X utilizando TLDs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bonzi, E. V.; Mainardi, R. T. [Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Facultad de Matematica, Astronomia y Fisica, Av. Haya de la Torre y Av. Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, X5016LEA Cordoba (Argentina)

2011-10-15

A methodology of indirect measure of X-rays spectra, emitted by conventional tubes, was developed recently and its feasibility verified in the first place by Monte Carlo simulations. For that case is intended to measure, by means of plastic scintillators, attenuation curves of dispersed beams previously. In this work were carried out measurements of attenuation curves with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) to verify the kindness of the indirect measure method. The attenuation curve was also measured using an ionization chamber brand Capintec (model 192) with the purpose of making a comparison. The results of the attenuation curve measured with both dosimeters present a good resolution inside the statistical fluctuations and the spectral reconstruction using diverse parametric functions is carried out in a quick and simple way with excellent resolutions in the functional form. For this reconstruction method are of fundamental importance the following properties of the used dosimeter: in the first place the repetition of the measures, property that could check; in second place the precision of the measured data and lastly the dosimeter response, this is, the increase of the thermoluminescent signal before an increase of the photons flow of X-rays. This parameter is the gradient of the curve thermoluminescent signal versus the dose imparted to the dosimeter. The measures were realized with a generator of X-rays brand Kevex provided of a conventional tube with tungsten anti cathode that polarizes with high tension to a maximum value of 50 kV and current of 0.5 ma. (Author)

Thermo-luminescent dosimetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reither, M; Schorn, B; Schneider, E

1981-01-01

The development of paediatric radiology which began in the late 195O's has been characterised by the need to limit the dose of ionising radiation to which the child is subjected. The aim has been to keep radiation exposure as low as possible by the introduction of suitable techniques and by the development of new methods. It is therefore surprising that studies in dosimetry in the paediaytric age range have only been carried out in recent years. One reason for this may have been the fact that a suitable technique of measurement was not available at the time. The introduction of solid state dosimetry based on thermo-luminescence, first into radiotherapy (1968) and subsequently into radiodiagnosis, has made it possible to abandon the previously widely used ionisation chamber. The purpose of the present paper is to indicate the suitability of this form of dose measurement for paediatric radiological purposes and to stimulate its application in this field.

Thermoluminescent characteristics of diopside-teflon composites for radiation dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Melo, A.P.; Caldas, L.V.E.

2006-01-01

Diopside - Teflon composites were been studied in relation to their dosimetric properties for high-dose dosimetry. Diopside from Minas Gerais, Brazil, CaMg(Si 2 O 6 ), was obtained in form of rude mineral with inclusions of quartz. The samples were prepared and only Diopside grains obtained. Pellets of Diopside-Teflon composites were prepared in the proportion of 2(Teflon): 1 (Diopside).The TL response repeatability presented a maximum coefficient of variation of 7.5%. The calibration curve is linear between 0.5 Gy and 1 kGy. TL emission spectra present three emissions of similar intensities at 570 nm, 590 nm and between 610-635 nm. The results suggest that the material presents good characteristics for use as high-dose radiation detectors. (Author)

Thermoluminescence induced by X-rays in silica materials with metallic impurities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mendoza A, D.; Gonzalez M, P.; Espinosa P, M.; Salas, P.; Castano, V.M.

1999-01-01

Diverse materials of silica with Fe, Cu, Mg, and Mn impurities were synthesized by the sol-gel method, using tetraethyl orthosilicate as precursor. The materials obtained were subjected to thermal treatment at 500, 700 and 1000 Centigrade also they were irradiated with X-ray generated by a X-ray diffractometer which is installed in the ININ. The thermoluminescent signal was analysed and correlated with the type of impurities that are present in the material and with the grade of crystallinity produced by the thermal treatment in them. In according to the results obtained these materials show a thermoluminescent signal which is influenced by the crystallinity grade. It was analysed the behavior of the response for different doses, with the purpose of utilizing them to quantify very intense fields of radiation. (Author)

Flare stars of the Orion Nebula - spectra of an outburst

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carter, B.D.; O'Mara, B.J.; Ross, J.E.

1988-01-01

For the first time, detailed, time-resolved spectra of a flare event of an Orion cluster flare star are presented. These spectra, covering ∼ λλ3600-4600, were obtained by using the Anglo-Australian Telescope with a fibre coupler to simultaneously monitor 23 flare stars in the region of the Orion Nebula. The flare spectra reveal continuous emission which filled in the photospheric Ca I 4226 A absorption, and hydrogen Balmer, Ca II H and K, He I 4026 A and He I 4471 A line emission. Overall, the spectral behaviour indicates similarities to strong outbursts of the classical dMe flare stars. (author)

Thermoluminescence dating

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Price, D.M.

1999-01-01

Thermoluminescence (TL) dating of sediments depends upon the acquisition and long term stable storage of TL energy by crystalline minerals contained within a sedimentary unit. This energy is stored in the form of trapped electrons and quartz sand is the most commonly used mineral employed in the dating process. Prior to the final depositional episode it is necessary that any previously acquired TL is removed by exposure to sunlight. After burial the TL begins to build up again at a rate dependent upon the radiation flux delivered by long-lived isotopes of uranium, thorium and potassium. The presence of rubidium and cosmic radiation generally play a lesser but contributory roll, and the total radiation dose delivered to the TL phosphor is modified by the presence of water. The period since deposition is therefore measured by determining the total amount of stored TL energy, the palaeodose (P), and the rate at which this energy is acquired, the annual radiation dose (ARD). TL dating may be applied to eolian, fluvial, coastal and in some cases, marine sediments. the technique is also successfully applied to volcanic materials and to a certain extent to archeological specimens

Neutron field inside a PET Cyclotron vault room

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vega C, H.R.; Mendez, R.; Iniguez, M.P.; Climent, J.M.; Penuelas, I.; Barquero, R.

2006-01-01

The neutron field around a Positron Emission Tomography cyclotron was investigated during 18 F radioisotope production with an 18 MeV proton beam. In this study the Ion Beam Application cyclotron, model Cyclone 18/9, was utilized. Measurements were carried out with a Bonner sphere neutron spectrometer with pairs of thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLD600 and TLD700) as thermal neutron detector. The TLDs readouts were utilized to unfold the neutron spectra at three different positions inside the cyclotron's vault room. With the spectra the Ambient dose equivalent was calculated. Neutron spectra unfolding were performed with the BUNKIUT code and the UTA4 response matrix. Neutron spectra were also determined by Monte Carlo calculations using a detailed model of cyclotron and vault room. (Author)

Thermoluminescent response of Y2O3:Ce,Eu irradiated with X-rays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez J, F. del R.; Sosa A, M. A.

2017-10-01

The thermoluminescent response of various materials has been studied when irradiated with X-rays, and the parameters that characterize the order of the kinetics of the material, depth of traps and frequency have been determined. The objective of this project was to characterize the thermoluminescent response of dosimeters based on yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ) irradiated with X-rays. To do this, the thermoluminescent response of the Y 2 O 3 :Ce,Eu dosimeter was measured and exposed to an X-ray radiation field; five levels of radiation were used: in the first, a potential of 53.5 kv was used and a working load of 5.6 m As, in the second: 70.0 kv, 12.5 m As; in the third: 81.0 kv, 20.0 m As; in the fourth: 109 kv, 32 m As, in the fifth: 121 kv, 80.0 m As, applying an exposure range between 17.7 and 40 R. The irradiation was performed exposing the sample at 104 cm from the focus of the X-ray tube. To obtain the readings of the thermoluminescent response, a Harshaw TLD 3500 reader was used. The data captured by the reader was processed using the WinREMS software. The deletion protocol was as follows: the dosimeters already read were placed, one hour in the Terlab MA12D muffle at a temperature of (400 ± 1) degrees centigrade, the dosimeters were removed and left at room temperature of 20 degrees centigrade for 20 minutes. Then they were placed in the Binder high temperature oven ED23 at 100 ± 1 centigrade degrees for 2 hours. The brightness curves were de convolved using the WebPlotDigitizer v 3.8 software and the individual peaks of the brightness curves were obtained. We found that: the synthesized materials presented a good thermoluminescent response when irradiated with X-rays. However, only one of the dosimeters, of Yttrium oxide doped with 0.5% Cerium, showed a relatively linear response in the applied dose range. The analysis made to the brightness curve of the Yttrium oxide doped with Cerium at 0.5%, applying the method of the three points for the parameters

Spallation Neutron Emission Spectra in Some Amphoter Target Nuclei by Proton Beam Up to 140 MeV Energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yildirim, G.

2008-01-01

In the present study, the (p,xn) reaction neutron-emission spectra for some amphoter target nuclei as 27 A l, 64 Z n, 120 S n, and 208 P b were investigated up to 140 MeV incident proton energy. The pre-equilibrium calculations were calculated by using the hybrid model, the geometry dependent hybrid model, the full exciton model and the cascade exciton model. The reaction equilibrium component was calculated with a traditional compound nucleus model developed by Weisskopf Ewing. Calculation results have been discussed and compared with the available experimental data in literature

Synthesis and thermoluminescence behavior of ZrO2:Eu3+ with variable concentration of Eu3+ doped phosphor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raunak Kumar Tamrakar

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Cubical ZrO2 phosphor doped with the europium synthesized by conventional solid state synthesis method. The prepared phosphor was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD technique, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM. In this paper, we focused on the thermoluminescence glow curves and kinetic parameters, activation energy, order of kinetics, and the frequency factor of ZrO2:Eu3+ phosphor under different doses of UV irradiations at a heating rate of 6.7 °C/s. The kinetic parameters activation energy E, the order of kinetics b, and the frequency factor s of synthesized phosphor of ZrO2:Eu3+ have been calculated by using a peak shape method.

An evaluation of the Panasonic model UD513AC-1 Thermoluminescence Dosimetry system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Durrer, R.E. Jr.

1991-12-01

An evaluation of the Panasonic UD513AC-1 Thermoluminescence Dosimetry system was performed to determine the system's capabilities as a general purpose thermoluminescence dosimeter measuring device. The tests that were performed included a critique of the user's manual, delimitation of the operating parameters, the quality of construction, and an evaluation of the features that were unique to this system. The UD513AC-1 was found to be an adequate measuring device for most dosimetric applications. It was not well suited for experimental work with thermoluminescence materials due to a low sensitivity displayed by the photomultiplier tube to commonly used materials. The system was well constructed and did not suffer hardware failure during this research. Major attributes of the UD513AC-1 were automatic data storage, highly reproducible heating ramps, an excellent infrared light filter and a unique feature to a single phosphor unit, a dose determination function. Negative aspects of the system included a limited data manipulation capability within the controlling program, a poorly written user's manual, inadequate sensitivity on the part of the photomultiplier tube, and insufficient capability to adjust the hot N 2 gas flow to desired levels

Pr:Ca1-xRxF2+x (R=Y or Gd) crystals: Modulated blue, orange and red emission spectra with the proportion of R3+ ions

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Hao; Qian, Xiaobo; Guo, Linyang; Jiang, Dapeng; Wu, Qinghui; Tang, Fei; Su, Liangbi; Ju, Qiangwen; Wang, Jingya; Xu, Jun

2018-04-01

The spectroscopic properties of 0.6at.%:Pr:Ca1-xRxF2+x (R = Y, Gd; x = 0,0.006, 0.012, 0.03, 0.06) crystals were investigated and compared. The XRD tests were conducted and the cell dimensions of the crystals were calculated. Room temperature absorption spectra have been registered and analyzed. The emission spectra and decay curves of the crystals were obtained at room temperature. Increasing the proportion of the lattice regulators of Y3+ or Gd3+ ions could significantly enhance the luminescence intensity of all visible emission bands with different ratios. Particularly, the emission intensity ratio of orange to red increased from 0.15 to 1.9 in Pr:Ca1-xYxF2+x crystals and to 1.02 in Pr:Ca1-xGdxF2+x crystals, respectively. Furthermore, Pr:Ca1-xGdxF2+x crystals have substantially strong emission at orange and red region of 580-660 nm, comparable with blue light at 482 nm. The quantum efficiency of the crystals increased rapidly with the increment of R3+ concentration, and finally tend to be 100%.

Recent advances in thermoluminescence and photostimulated luminescence detection methods for irradiated foods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanderson, D.C.W.; Carmichael, L.A.; Naylor, J.D.

1996-01-01

Thermoluminescence (TL) and photostimulated luminescence (PSL) are radiation-specific phenomena resulting from energy storage by trapped charge carriers in dielectric materials following irradiation. Releasing such stored energy by thermal or optical stimulation can result in detectable luminescence emission during the relaxation processes which follow. These approaches can be applied to inorganic components present either as inherent parts of foods or as adhering contaminants, and to bio-inorganic systems. The strengths of these techniques lies in their radiation-specificity, and the wide range of sample types which may by analysed. The Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre (SURRC) has been involved in the development and application of luminescence methods since 1986, during which time over 4000 analyses of more than 800 different food samples have been performed for research purposes, or in support of UK food labelling regulations. This paper discusses the present scope of luminescence techniques, and identifies areas where recent work has extended the range of applications, and indicates areas where further investigations may be worthwhile. (author)

Study of a new glass matrix by thermoluminescent technique for high-dose dosimetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira, Pamela Z.; Carvalho, Gabriel S. Marchiori de; Cunha, Diego M. da; Dantas, Noelio O.; Silva, Anielle C.A.; Neves, Lucio P.; Perini, Ana P., E-mail: anapaula.perini@ufu.br [Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), MG (Brazil). Instituto de Fisica; Linda, V.E. Caldas [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Carrera, Betzabel N.S.; Watanabe, Shigueo [Universidade de Sao Paulo (IF/USP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil). Instituto de Fisica

2016-07-01

The thermoluminescence technique is widely used for both personal and for high-dose dosimetry. In this work, the thermoluminescence technique was utilized to study a new glass matrix, with nominal composition of 20Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3}.10Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}.30BaO.40B{sub 2}O{sub 3} (mol%), irradiated with different doses in a {sup 60}Co source. The glow curves and the dose-response curve were obtained for radiation doses of 10, 50, 100, 200 e 700 Gy. The results showed that this new glass matrix has potential use in high-dose dosimetry. (author)

Parametric study of plasma-mediated thermoluminescence produced by Al2O3 sub-micron powders

Science.gov (United States)

Morávek, T.; Ambrico, P. F.; Ambrico, M.; Schiavulli, L.; Ráheľ, J.

2017-10-01

Sub-micron Al2O3 powders with a surface activated by dielectric barrier discharge exhibit improved performance in wet deposition of ceramic layers. In addressing the possible mechanisms responsible for the observed improvement, a comprehensive thermoluminescence (TL) study of plasma-activated powders was performed. TL offers the unique possibility of exploring the population of intrinsic electrons/holes in the charge trapping states. This study covers a wide range of experimental conditions affecting the TL of powders: treatment time, plasma working gas composition, change of discharge configuration, step-annealing of powder, exposure to laser irradiation and aging time. Deconvoluted TL spectra were followed for the changes in their relative contributions. The TL spectra of all tested gases (air, Ar, N2 and 5% He in N2) consist of the well-known main dosimetric peak at 450 K and a peak of similar magnitude at higher temperatures, centered between 700 and 800 K depending on the working gas used. N2 plasma treatment gave rise to a new specific TL peak at 510 K, which exhibited several peculiarities. Initial thermal annealing of Al2O3 powders led to its significant amplification (unlike the other peaks); the peak was insensitive to optical bleaching, and it exhibited slow gradual growth during the long-term aging test. Besides its relevance to the ceramic processing studies, a comprehensive set of data is presented that provides a useful and unconventional view on plasma-mediated material changes.

Anatomy of the AGN in NGC 5548. IX. Photoionized emission features in the soft X-ray spectra

Science.gov (United States)

Mao, Junjie; Kaastra, J. S.; Mehdipour, M.; Gu, Liyi; Costantini, E.; Kriss, G. A.; Bianchi, S.; Branduardi-Raymont, G.; Behar, E.; Di Gesu, L.; Ponti, G.; Petrucci, P.-O.; Ebrero, J.

2018-04-01

The X-ray narrow emission line region (NELR) of the archetypal Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548 has been interpreted as a single-phase photoionized plasma that is absorbed by some of the warm absorber components. This scenario requires those overlaying warm absorber components to have larger distance (to the central engine) than the X-ray NELR, which is not fully consistent with the distance estimates found in the literature. Therefore, we reanalyze the high-resolution spectra obtained in 2013-2014 with the Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) aboard XMM-Newton to provide an alternative interpretation of the X-ray narrow emission features. We find that the X-ray narrow emission features in NGC 5548 can be described by a two-phase photoionized plasma with different ionization parameters (logξ = 1.3 and 0.1) and kinematics (vout = -50 and -400 km s-1), and no further absorption by the warm absorber components. The X-ray and optical NELR might be the same multi-phase photoionized plasma. Both X-ray and optical NELR have comparable distances, asymmetric line profiles, and the underlying photoionized plasma is turbulent and compact in size. The X-ray NELR is not the counterpart of the UV/X-ray absorber outside the line of sight because their distances and kinematics are not consistent. In addition, X-ray broad emission features that we find in the spectrum can be accounted for by a third photoionized emission component. The RGS spectrum obtained in 2016 is analyzed as well, where the luminosity of most prominent emission lines (the O VII forbidden line and O VIII Lyα line) are the same (at a 1σ confidence level) as in 2013-2014.

Ultraviolet radiation monitoring in makkah city, Saudi Arabia, using thermoluminescence material CaF2:Tm

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Ghorabie, F.H.; Natto, S.S.; AL-Lehyani, S.A.

2005-01-01

The aim of the present study is to explore the possibility of using Ca F2:Tm thermoluminescence material for measuring and monitoring of solar UV R in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Several laboratory experiments, prior to the field measurements, were performed included study of the effects of ultraviolet wavelengths on the response of the phosphor, study of the effect of increasing ultraviolet radiation dose on the intensity of thermoluminescence and study the effect of time factor on the thermoluminescence fading of Ca F 2 :Tm. The phosphor was then exposed directly for one hour to sunlight radiation on a daily basis for 90 days in an open field inside Umm Al-Qura university campus. The field measurements were performed during the months of June, July and August 2003 at 1:00 p.m. The laboratory and field results of this study showed that Ca F 2 :Tm can be used as a suitable dosimeter for solar UV R

Methods for implementation of in vivo dosimetry (entrance dose) using thermoluminescent dosimeters during radiotherapy treatment with photon beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barsanelli, Cristiane

2006-01-01

Selection, calibration procedure to convert TLD signal into absorbed dose and physical characteristics at the thermoluminescent dosimeters, as well as the determination of correction factors and the methodology to determine expected entrance dose, are described in this work. Practical aspects and the utility of entrance dose measures with thermoluminescent dosimeters were investigated, as well as the exactness and the reproducibility of the daily dose release. The entrance dose measures were performed in five patients with diagnosis of breast cancer treated with a 6 MV photon beam. The measured dose and the expected dose values agreed in ± 5%, due to excellent treatment equipment stability, to automatic verification system and the good exactness in the daily treatment adjustment. Good precision can be achieved when the correction factors for each parameter of influence in the dosimeter response are carefully determined and applied to convert the thermoluminescent signal into absorbed dose. The study demonstrates the viability of thermoluminescent dosimeters use for in vivo dosimetry and its utility as part of a quality assurance program in a radiation therapy service. (author)

The thermoluminescent curve as parameter to compare archaeological ceramics; La curva termoluminiscente como parametro para comparar ceramica arqueologica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dominguez R, I.R.; Ramirez C, G.A. [Centro INAH Estado de Mexico. Morelos Ote. 502, Col. San Sebastian, 50090 Toluca, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Gonzalez M, P.R.; Mendoza A, D. [lNIN, Carr. Mexico-Toluca S/N, La Marquesa, 52750 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Martinez C, G. [Coordinacion Nacional de Conservacion del Patrimonio Cultural, INAH, Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2006-07-01

Most mineral materials, including the constituents of pottery, have the property of thermoluminescence (TL), where part of the energy from radioactive decay in the mineral is stored and later released as light upon strong heating. The intensity of emitted light as a function of temperature is the thermoluminescence glow curve. However, it is well-know the thermoluminescence glow curve form depends of several factors associates with the incident radiation and type of materials. Between the factors associated with the materials, it can be mentioned the quantity and type of crystalline phases, and quantity and type of impurities that they could be present in the material. That is to say, materials with different physicochemical characteristics will produce different thermoluminescence glow curve, although, they have been irradiated under the same conditions. In accordance with the above mentioned, it is possible to identified differences between pre hispanic ceramic belonging to a same site and other sites. In this work a discussion about advantages and disadvantages is presented. Some specific examples in ceramic artifacts belonging to the Matlatzinca and Teotihuacan cultures are included. (Author)

Investigations on thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) with doped alumina ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Janas, R.; Huebner, K.

1976-01-01

Alumina ceramics doped and burned under various conditions have been investigated with regard to their suitability for thermoluminescent dosimetry. The production of ceramics is described. The properties essential for dosimetric purposes, such as glow curve, energy dose characteristics, fading, recoverability, lower detection limit and energy dependence, are indicated. The advantages and disadvantages of alumina ceramics are compared. (author)

Development of a highly sensitive lithium fluoride thermoluminescence dosimeter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moraes da Silva, Teresinha de; Campos, Leticia Lucente

1995-01-01

In recent times, LiF: Mg, Cu, P thermoluminescent phosphor has been increasingly in use for radiation monitoring due its high sensitivity and ease of preparation. The Dosimetric Materials Production Laboratory of IPEN, (Nuclear Energy Institute) has developed a simple method to obtain high sensitivity LiF. The preparation method is described. (author). 4 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab

A study of the thermoluminescent properties of CVD diamond detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marczewska, B.; Bilski, P.; Olko, P.; Rebisz, M.; Nesladek, M.; Waligorski, M.P.R.

2002-01-01

A batch of 20 diamond detectors obtained by the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method at the Institute for Materials Research at the Limburg University, Belgium, was investigated with respect to their thermoluminescent (TL) properties. The investigated detectors demonstrate TL sensitivity similar to that of the standard LiF:Mg, Ti (MTS) thermoluminescent detectors, lack of fading after two weeks from irradiation and apparent linearity of dose response. In spite of the persistent fluctuation of individual detector sensitivity observed in this batch, a new annealing procedure improved the stability of the TL signal. It has been concluded that 1 h annealing at 350 C assures the highest reproducibility for this set of detectors. A 30% discrepancy of the value of the TL signal between individual detectors from the batch may be caused by non-uniform distribution of dopants in the volume of the CVD diamond. A prototype of a planar TL reader equipped with a CCD camera was employed in this investigation. (Abstract Copyright [2002], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Luminescence properties of Na2Sr2Al2PO4Cl9:Sm3+ phosphor

Science.gov (United States)

Tamboli, Sumedha; Shahare, D. I.; Dhoble, S. J.

2018-04-01

A series of Sm3+ ions doped Na2Sr2Al2PO4Cl9 phosphors were synthesized via solid state synthesis method. Photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra were obtained by keeping excitation wavelength at 406 nm. Emission spectra show three emission peaks at 563 nm, 595 nm and 644 nm. The CIE chromaticity diagram shows emission colour of the phosphor in the orange-red region of the visible spectrum, indicating that the phosphor may be useful in preparing orange light-emitting diodes. Na2Sr2Al2PO4Cl9:Sm3+ phosphors were irradiated by γ-rays from a 60Co source and β-rays from a 90Sr source. Their thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves were obtained by Nucleonix 1009I TL reader. TL Trapping parameters such as activation energy of trapped electrons and order of kinetics were obtained by using Chen's peak shape method, Glow curve fitting method and initial rise method.

Behavior of lambda 2800 Mg II in stellar spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gurzadyan, G.A.

1975-01-01

The results of measurements of the equivalent widths of the resonance doublet of ionized magnesium lambda 2800 Mg II in the spectra of 51 relatively faint stars, up to 10/sup m/, of the spectral classes B1-K5 are presented. The observed material has been obtained by means of the space observatory ''Orion-2''. Some regularities in the behavior of lambda 2800 Mg II in stellar spectra have been revealed: wide and deep depression of the continuous spectra at 2800 A in F-G type stars; the presence of the doublet lambda 2800 Mg II in the form of weak emission in the spectra of cold stars (K2-K5); the presence both of the multiplet lambda 3080 Ti II and the doublet lambda 2800 Mg II simultaneously either in emission--in the late-type stars--or in absorption in earlier types; the existence of combined profiles of lambda 2800 Mg II, i.e., a wide absorption line with a weak emission in the center, in stars of the transitional class (G5-K0), etc. A well-defined empirical relationship between the equivalent width of lambda 2800 Mg II and the spectral class of the star has been established (Fig. 8). (U.S.)

Optical absorption and thermoluminescence in Mg O, Mg O:Ni and Mg O:Li irradiated at room temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Delgado, L.

1984-01-01

Optical absorption and thermoluminescence (TL) studies in Mg O, Mg O:Ni and Mg O:Li irradiated at room temperature are presented. In pure Mg O the thermal annihilation of Fe3+ by recombination with thermally released electrons at ∼ 90 and 175 degree centigree and the V center annealing by hole release up to 100 degree centigree cause the observed glow peaks at these temperatures. The TL excitation spectrum shows two maxima at 245 nm (electron center) and 288 nm (Fe3+). In Mg O:Ni X irradiation induces Fe 2 + →- Fe 3 + and Ni 2 + → Ni 3 + oxidations. Two TL emission bands centered at 110 degree centigree (red) and 80 o C (green) are assigned to electron release and their recombination at Fe 3 + and Ni 3 + respectively. In Mg O:Li two TL emission bands, one blue (430 nm) and the other red (730 nm) with excitation maxima at 245 nm (electron center) and 200 nm (hole center) respectively are observed. No V-center formation was detected in both Ni and Li doped samples. (Author) 42 refs

On the phototransferred thermoluminescence in MgB4O7:Dy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Richmond, R.G.

1987-01-01

On exposure to ionizing radiations, the normal traps in MgB 4 0 7 :Dy can be emptied by the readout process only or by annealing at suitable temperatures, leaving the deep traps still intact. Subsequently, it is possible to repopulate the dosimetric peak by illuminating with u.v. light. Charge carriers released from the traps during the second readout give rise to a thermoluminescent output proportional to the ionizing radiation exposure and the u.v. radiant energy. This is called phototransferred thermoluminescence (PTTL). The PTTL method can be utilized for the reassessment of the initial γ-ray exposure. This paper presents the measurements of the intrinsic response of the commercially available MgB 4 0 7 :Dy to u.v. radiation, with a demonstration of its use for γ-ray dose re-estimation using the PTTL technique. (author)

Synthesis and thermoluminescent characterization of LiF doped with Ag; Sintesis y caracterizacion termoluminiscente de LiF dopado con Ag

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Encarnacion, E. K.; Reyes, J.; Guerrero, Z. [Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo, Facultad de Ciencias, Ciudad Universitaria, Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic); Sosa, M. A.; Vallejo, M. A.; Rivera P, E., E-mail: emma.kee@gmail.com [Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Leon, Division de Ciencias e Ingenierias, Loma del Bosque 103, Col. Lomas del Campestre, 37150 Leon, Guanajuato (Mexico)

2015-10-15

Full text: In this paper the synthesis and characterization of lithium fluoride (LiF) crystals pure and activated with silver (Ag) is reported. The synthesis was carried out by the method of co-precipitation; three samples were obtained one of pure LiF and two were activated with 0.02 and 0.04% of Ag. All samples were subjected to X-ray emission and the results were analyzed. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermoluminescence and X-ray fluorescence. The XRD results show complete crystal structures. The radiation dosimetry responses are discussed. These are the first results of a research conducted at the Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo in collaboration with the Universidad de Guanajuato. (Author)

Authenticity test in ceramics and archaeological figures by thermoluminescence; Prueba de Autenticidad en ceramicas y figuras arqueologicas por termoluminiscencia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ramirez L, A.; Schaaf, P. [Laboratorio de Termoluminiscencia, Instituto de Geofisica-UNAM (Mexico); Filloy, L. [Museo Nacional de Antropologia e Historia, Ciudad de Mexico (Mexico)

1999-07-01

At present exists quite a lot of false archaeological pieces which provokes doubts about the legitimacy of the pieces. In this work it is presented the Authenticity test by Thermoluminescence realized at the urn of the goddess 13 serpent of the zapotec culture of Oaxaca which is exposed in Mexico City. The original piece contains crystalline structures which present hardly the thermoluminescence phenomena by the presence of {sup 238} U, {sup 232} Th, and {sup 40} K getting with this the form and intensity of the natural thermoluminescence curve of an archaeological piece which shows a Tl peak and allows to know so if it was made recently or not. (Author)

Thermoluminescence of novel MgO–CeO_2 obtained by a glycine-based solution combustion method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barrón, Victor Ramón Orante; Ochoa, Flor María Escobar; Vázquez, Catalina Cruz; Bernal, Rodolfo

2016-01-01

Thermoluminescence dosimetry properties of novel MgO–CeO_2 obtained by solution combustion synthesis in a glycine-nitrate process, are presented for the very first time. X-ray diffraction indicates the presence of cubic MgO and cerianite (CeO_2) for the annealed powder samples. Dosimetry features such as linear behaviour of the dose response without saturation in the dose interval studied, as well as asymptotic behaviour of the thermoluminescent signal fading place MgO–CeO_2 phosphor as a promising material for low-dose radiation dosimetry applications. - Highlights: • Thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry properties of novel MgO–CeO_2 are presented. • TL glow curves display stable and dosimetric components. • Dose response showed a linear trend in the dose interval studied. • TL fading decay curve showed an asymptotic behaviour. • MgO–CeO_2 is suitable for personal, environmental and medical dosimetry.

NRC [Nuclear Regulatory Commission] TLD [thermoluminescent dosimeter] direct radiation monitoring network

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Struckmeyer, R.; McNamara, N.

1989-09-01

This report provides the status and results of the NRC Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) Direct Radiation Monitoring Network. It presents the radiation levels measured in the vicinity of NRC licensed facility sites throughout the country for the second quarter of 1989

Thermoluminescence as a criterium in the acquisition of ceramic art objects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Erlach, R.; Pichler, B.

1985-01-01

Thermoluminescence is a measure for the external archeological dose received and can be used for age estimation. Examples are given of Egyptian objects where the age is known independently and thereby the accuracy of the method can be evaluated. (G.Q.)

Utilization of thermoluminescent dosemeters in radiation field studies for different materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carron, W.; Guilardi Neto, T.

1987-01-01

The dose conversion factor of lithium fluoride thermoluminescent for the follows materials: water, wood and soil, the dose curve surveying in function of depth and the regression equations that better adapt to the dose curves were calculated. (C.G.C.) [pt

Thermoluminescence of annealed and shock-loaded feldspar

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hartmetz, C.P.

1988-01-01

Samples of oligoclase and bytownite were shock-loaded to a variety of pressures, and annealed for a variety of temperatures and times. The effect of Mrad doses of gamma-rays on oligoclase TL were also studied. After these treatments, thermoluminescence (TL) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were made to: (1) determine the effects of shock on terrestrial feldspar and compare with variations in the TL emission of ordinary chondrites (OCs); (2) determine if disordering in feldspar was responsible for any related changes in TL properties of OCs; (3) determine if the combined effect of shock plus annealing causes the changes in TL properties; (4) see if radiation damage from cosmic ray exposure plays a role in the TL variations; (5) examine the implications of this work to the thermal and shock histories of OCs. The lightly shock-loaded and annealed oligoclase samples have a dominant peak temperature of 120-140 C, identical to type 3.3-3.5 OCs. The heavily shocked samples dominant peak is at 230C, similar to type > 3.5 OCs . While the heavily annealed/disordered oligoclase samples have a peak at 280C, this peak is rarely observed in OCs. Radiation damage from Mrad doses of gamma-rays produced no change in peak temperature, but facilitated the shift to higher peak temperatures. The TL sensitivity of the shocked samples decreased by a factor of 25. Samples annealed at low temperatures (438-533C) showed a factor of 2 decrease in TL, but at the highest temperatures, the TL was a factor of 8 higher

Implication of the detection of very hard spectra from the TeV blazar Mrk 501

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shukla, Amit; Hughes, Gareth; Biland, Adrian [ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics (Switzerland); Mannheim, Karl; Dorner, Daniela [Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Universitaet Wuerzburg (Germany); Chitnis, Varsha R. [Department of High Energy Physics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai (India); Roy, Jayashree; Acharya, Bannanje Sripathi [Center for Excellence in Basic Sciences, UM-DAE Mumbai (India)

2016-07-01

The emission from active galactic nuclei ranges from radio to TeV energies and shows high variability. The origin of the high energy emission is highly debated. The observed emission could be due to a complex superposition of emission from multiple zones. New evidence of the detection of very hard intrinsic gamma-ray spectra obtained from Fermi-LAT observations have challenged the theories about origin of VHE gamma-rays. We have used the 7 years of Fermi-LAT data to search for time intervals with unusually hard spectra from the nearby TeV blazar Mrk 501. In the presentation, we discuss a few possible explanations for the origin of these hard spectra within a leptonic scenario.

Signature of intermittent behavior in the emission spectra of target associated particles from 84Kr-AgBr interactions at 0.95 GeV/A

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhattacharjee, B.; Sengupta, S.; Mukhopadhyay, A.; Singh, V.

2004-01-01

In this report an attempt has been made to study, by studying the fluctuation in spatial distribution in χ(cosθ) space, the intermittent behaviour and fractal properties of emission spectra of fast and slow target associated particles from 84 Kr-AgBr interactions at 0.95 GeV/A

Multi-wavelength emission from 3C 66A: clues to its redshift and gamma-ray emission location

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yan Da-Hai; Fan Zhong-Hui; Zhou Yao; Dai Ben-Zhong

2013-01-01

The quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength emission of TeV blazar 3C 66A is studied by using a one-zone multi-component leptonic jet model. It is found that the quasi-simultaneous spectral energy distribution of 3C 66A can be well reproduced; in particular, the first three months of its average Fermi-LAT spectrum can be well reproduced by the synchrotron self-Compton component plus external Compton component of the broad line region (BLR). Clues to its redshift and gamma-ray emission location are obtained. The results indicate the following. (i) On the redshift: The theoretical intrinsic TeV spectra can be predicted by extrapolating the reproduced GeV spectra. Through comparing these extrapolated TeV spectra with the corrected observed TeV spectra from extragalactic background light, it is suggested that the redshift of 3C 66A could be between 0.1 and 0.3, with the most likely value being ∼ 0.2. (ii) On the gamma-ray emission location: To well reproduce the GeV emission of 3C 66A under different assumptions on the BLR, the gamma-ray emission region is always required to be beyond the inner zone of the BLR. The BLR absorption effect on gamma-ray emission confirms this point.

In vivo dosimetry using thermoluminescent detector in cancer therapy of head and neck

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Viegas, Claudio C.B.; Batista, D.V.; Campos, A.M.; Lopes, R.T.

2002-01-01

The viability and implementation of a routine in vivo dosimetry, using thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLD), at the radiotherapy section of the National Institute of Cancer in Brazil, in the case of head and neck treatment is shown. In order to reach that aim, the characteristics of the response of the LiF:Mg;Ti (TLD-100) thermoluminescent detectors in powder form were determined. The performed of this detector for in vivo dosimetry was testes using an RANDO Alderson anthropomorphic phantom and, once their adequability proved for the kind of measurements proposed , it was used for dose assessment in the case of tumour treatments in the head and neck regions, for Cobalt-60 irradiations. (author)

Thermoluminescence glow curve of CaZrO3 phosphor doped with Eu3+

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tiwari, Neha; Kuraria, R.K.; Kuraria, S.R.

2014-01-01

Behaviour displayed by thermoluminescence analysis of Eu 3+ doped CaZrO 3 phosphor prepared by combustion synthesis technique. The sample was synthesized by combustion method because it is less time taking method as well as low temperature synthesis. For the thermoluminescence study the prepared sample irradiated by UV lamp the wavelength is 254 nm. Every time 2 mg of sample used for TL record at fixed heating rate 5℃ s -1 , sample shows well resolved higher temperature peak at 273℃. The high temperature peak shows more stability and less fading in prepared phosphor which is suitable for TL dosimetry. Also the variation with UV dose (5 to 30 min) shows sublinear response with dose

Thermoluminescent dosimetry for LDEF experiment M0006

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, J.Y.; Giangano, D.; Kantorcik, T.; Stauber, M.; Snead, L.

1992-01-01

Experiment M0006 on the Long Duration Exposure Facility had as its objective the investigation of space radiation effects on various electronic and optical components, as well as on seed germination. The Grumman Corporate Research Center provided the radiation dosimetric measurements for M0006, comprising the preparation of thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) and the subsequent measurement and analysis of flight exposed and control samples. In addition, various laboratory exposures of TLD's with gamma rays and protons were performed to obtain a better understanding of the flight exposures

Laser-induced fluorescence spectra of Ba+*-He exciplexes produced in cold He gas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukuyama, Yoshimitsu; Matsuo, Yukari; Moriwaki, Yoshiki

2004-01-01

We report the observation of laser-induced fluorescence spectra of Ba +* -He exciplexes. The experiment is carried out in an environment of cold gaseous helium at a temperature range of 3-30 K. We have observed the emission spectra of exciplexes by means of excitation of the 6p 2 P 32 2 S 12 transition of Ba + ions. It is found that these spectra are redshifted from the D2 emission line in the free space and are composed of several peaks. The experimental results are reproduced well by theoretical calculation of the emission spectra for vibrational levels of Ba +* -He. We also investigate the vibrational dynamics of the 6p 2 Π 32 state of Ba + *-He, and we have determined the collision-induced vibrational relaxation cross sections of the 6p 2 Π 32 state to be 9.7±1.1 A 2 at 15 K

The application of thermoluminescence dosimeters to studies of released activity distributions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ruden, B.I.

1969-06-01

In this report the theoretical conditions necessary for the study of the behaviour of released activity by the use of CaSO 4 : Mn thermoluminescence dosimeters are considered. A method is derived for calculating exposure distributions from drifting volume activity. The correlation between exposure distributions and concentration distributions is discussed. One of thirty experiments where Br 82 was released into water through a nozzle some metres above the bottom is described. The resulting exposure distribution was measured in a vertical plane at distances of 10, 50 and 200 metres by CaSO 4 : Mn thermoluminescence dosimeters. The measured exposures are described and discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of the technique are compared with other methods. The method using exposure measurements for the study of active release in water has given satisfactory results in practice. The measurements have been made at concentration levels which are considerably below that permissible for drinking water according to the recommendations by ICRPA special advantage with this method is that the measurements can be made simultaneously at a large number of places and that integration is possible over sufficiently long periods of time. An experiment is described where Ar 41 was released in free air at a height of one metre above ground and the resulting exposure distribution was measured in a vertical plane at 100 and 250 metres distance by CaSO 4 : Mn thermoluminescence dosimeters. Shielding problems in connection with the experiments have been small since the method permits the measurement of very small doses. An account is given of the possibility of using the beta emitting isotope Kr 85 instead of the gamma emitting Ar 41 for diffusion experiments in air. The results obtained from some experiments are presented and discussed. The thermoluminescent signal from the dosimeters are, at the same concentration and exposure time, 2.5 times greater for Kr 85 than for Ar 41. The Kr

Gamma-Ray Emission Spectra as a Constraint on Calculations of ^234,236,238U Neutron-Capture Cross Sections

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ullmann, John Leonard [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Kawano, Toshihiko [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Bredeweg, Todd Allen [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Baramsai, Bayarbadrakh [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Couture, Aaron Joseph [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Haight, Robert Cameron [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Jandel, Marian [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Mosby, Shea Morgan [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); O' Donnell, John M. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Rundberg, Robert S. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Vieira, David J. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Wilhelmy, Jerry B. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Becker, John A. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Wu, Ching-Yen [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Krticka, Milan [Charles Univ., Prague (Czech Republic)

2015-05-28

Neutron capture cross sections in the “continuum” region (>≈1 keV) and gamma-emission spectra are of importance to basic science and many applied fields. Careful measurements have been made on most common stable nuclides, but physicists must rely on calculations (or “surrogate” reactions) for rare or unstable nuclides. Calculations must be benchmarked against measurements (cross sections, gamma-ray spectra, and <Γ_γ>). Gamma-ray spectrum measurements from resolved resonances were made with 1 - 2 mg/cm² thick targets; cross sections at >1 keV were measured using thicker targets. The results show that the shape of capture cross section vs neutron energy is not sensitive to the form of the strength function (although the magnitude is); the generalized Lorentzian E1 strength function is not sufficient to describe the shape of observed gamma-ray spectra; MGLO + “Oslo M1” parameters produces quantitative agreement with the measured ²³⁸U(n,γ) cross section; additional strength at low energies (~ 3 MeV) -- likely M1-- is required; and careful study of complementary results on low-lying giant resonance strength is needed to consistently describe observations.

An optical fibre-type silicate glass thermoluminescent detector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zheng Zheng; Dai Honggui; Hu Shangze; Liu Jian; Fang Jie

1991-01-01

A description of dosimetric properties and the preparation method of an optical fibre-type silicate glass thermoluminescent detector (TLD) is presented. Results showed that this new phosphor is a good one which could be used as a routine dosimeter in the range 10 -1 -10 3 Gy. The preparation method is a new one which differs greatly from all previous ones. Furthermore this kind of detector is small and of low weight. (orig.)

Thermoluminescent dosimetry of ionizing radiations using ZrO2 prepared at low temperatures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rivera M, T.; Diaz G, J.A.I.; Olvera T, L.; Azorin N, J.; Barrera S, M.; Soto E, A.M.

2005-01-01

The thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) it is a versatile tool for an evaluation of dose of ionizing radiation. A great variety of ceramic materials and their different physical forms allow a determination of the ionizing radiation in a wide dose interval. In this work the results of studying those thermoluminescent characteristics (TL) of the zirconium oxide obtained by means of the sol-gel technique to low temperatures are presented. To these temperatures the material was obtained in its amorphous state (ZrO 2 -a). The structural characteristics of ZrO 2 -a they were obtained by means of X-ray diffraction. The TL characteristics studied were: TL curve, reproducibility of the TL signal and the fading of the information. The powders of ZrO 2 -a, previously irradiated with beta particles of 90 Sr/ 90 Y, they presented a thermoluminescent curve with two peaks at 150 and 260 C. The fading of the information of the one ZrO 2 -a it was of 20% during the first two hours starting from this time there was one lost of information of 5% to the finish of the 30 days. The reproducibility of the information was of ± 2.5% in standard deviation. (Author)

Using violet laser-induced chlorophyll fluorescence emission spectra for crop yield assessment of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) varieties

Science.gov (United States)

Anderson, Benjamin; Buah-Bassuah, Paul K.; Tetteh, Jonathan P.

2004-07-01

The use of violet laser-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (LICF) emission spectra to monitor the growth of five varieties of cowpea in the University of Cape Coast Botanical Garden is presented. Radiation from a continuous-wave violet laser diode emitting at 396 nm through a fibre is closely incident on in vivo leaves of cowpea to excite chlorophyll fluorescence, which is detected by an integrated spectrometer with CCD readout. The chlorophyll fluorescence spectra with peaks at 683 and 731 nm were used for growth monitoring of the cowpea plants over three weeks and analysed using Gaussian spectral functions with curve fitted parameters to determine the peak positions, area under the spectral curve and the intensity ratio F683/F731. The variation in the intensity ratio of the chlorophyll bands showed sensitive changes indicating the photosynthetic activity of the cowpea varieties. A discussion of the fluorescence result as compared to conventional assessment is presented with regard to discrimination between the cowpea varieties in terms of crop yield performance.

Two Dimensional Multiwavelength Fluorescence Spectra of Dipicolinic Acid and Calcium Dipicolinate

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Sarasanandarajah, Sivananthan

2004-01-01

.... In this paper we report in some detail on the room temperature fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of DPA and its calcium ion complex and comparison of the excitation-emission spectrum...

Dose characteristics and LET spectra on and inside the spherical phantom onboard of ISS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jadrnickova, I.; Brabcova, K.; Mrazova, Z.; Spurny, F.; Shurshakov, V.A.; Kartsev, I.S.; Tolochek, R.V.

2010-01-01

To estimate the radiation risk of spacecraft crew during the mission, it is necessary to measure dose distribution at various compartments, on and inside the human body that can be simulated using various phantoms. Due to some convenient characteristics (especially small weight and dimensions), passive detectors are used to measure dosimetric quantities onboard spacecraft. This contribution deals with the measurement of dosimetric characteristics and spectra of linear energy transfer (LET) onboard the International Space Station (ISS) during two experiments with tissue-equivalent spherical Russian phantom MATROSHKA-R realized in years 2006 and 2008. To obtain LET spectra, total absorbed doses, and dose equivalents, we used combination of plastic nuclear track detectors and thermoluminescence detectors. The detectors were placed at various locations on the surface of the MATROSHKA-R phantom; some detectors were also inserted inside this phantom. The variation of dosimetric quantities obtained during both missions is discussed. The dose characteristics vary with the position of the detectors on or inside the phantom; the absorbed dose and dose equivalent can differ almost twice.

Modelling the optical bleaching of the thermoluminescence of K2YF5:Pr3+

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marcazzó, J.; Santiago, M.; Khaidukov, N.; Caselli, E.

2012-01-01

Optical bleaching of the thermoluminescence (TL) curve of K 2 YF 5 :Pr 3+ has been observed after optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) readout of pre-irradiated crystals. The traps being responsible for the TL signal are not emptied completely by the optical stimulation. Furthermore, if the illumination time is increased a constant intensity level of the residual TL glow curve is eventually achieved. On the other hand, if the low temperature peak of the glow curve is thermally cleaned, no subsequent OSL is measured. This behavior has been successfully explained by assuming that part of the electrons in the trap being responsible for the low temperature glow peak of K 2 YF 5 :Pr 3+ recombine with holes via localized transitions during optical stimulation. During TL all trapped electrons recombine via delocalized transitions. Simulations have been carried out in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the model. - Highlights: ► The optical bleaching of the thermoluminescence of K2YF5:Pr 3+ has been studied. ► A model accounting for the optical bleaching has been put forward. ► Thermoluminescence occurs via delocalized transitions. ► Localized transitions occur during optical stimulation.

Thermoluminescence of thin films deposited by laser ablation; Termoluminiscencia de peliculas delgadas depositadas por ablacion laser

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Escobar A, L.; Camps, E.; Arrieta, A.; Romero, S.; Gonzalez, P.R.; Olea M, O.; Diaz E, R. [Depto. de Fisica, ININ, A.P. 18-1027, 11801 Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2003-07-01

Materials in thin film form have received great attention in the last few years mainly because of their singular properties, which may differ significantly from their bulk attributes making them attractive for a wide variety of applications. In particular, thermoluminescence (Tl) properties of thin films have been studied recently owing to their potential applications in detection for both ionizing and non ionizing radiation. The aim of the present work is to report the synthesis and characterization of C Nx, aluminum oxide and titanium oxide thin films. Thermoluminescence response of the obtained thin films was studied after subject thin films to UV radiation (254 nm) as well as to gamma radiation (Co-60). Thermoluminescence glow curves exhibited a peak centered at 150 C for CN{sub x} whereas for titanium oxide the glow curve shows a maximum peaking at 171 C. Characterization of the physical properties of the deposited materials is presented. (Author)

Neutron dose and energy spectra measurements at Savannah River Plant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brackenbush, L.W.; Soldat, K.L.; Haggard, D.L.; Faust, L.G.; Tomeraasen, P.L.

1987-08-01

Because some workers have a high potential for significant neutron exposure, the Savannah River Plant (SRP) contracted with Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) to verify the accuracy of neutron dosimetry at the plant. Energy spectrum and neutron dose measurements were made at the SRP calibrations laboratory and at several other locations. The energy spectra measurements were made using multisphere or Bonner sphere spectrometers, 3 He spectrometers, and NE-213 liquid scintillator spectrometers. Neutron dose equivalent determinations were made using these instruments and others specifically designed to determine dose equivalent, such as the tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC). Survey instruments, such as the Eberline PNR-4, and the thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD)-albedo and track etch dosimeters (TEDs) were also used. The TEPC, subjectively judged to provide the most accurate estimation of true dose equivalent, was used as the reference for comparison with other devices. 29 refs., 43 figs., 13 tabs

Thermoluminescence in medical dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rivera, T.

2011-10-01

The dosimetry by thermoluminescence (Tl) is applied in the entire world for the dosimetry of ionizing radiations specially to personal and medical dosimetry. This dosimetry method has been very interesting for measures in vivo because the Tl dosimeters have the advantage of being very sensitive in a very small volume and they are also equivalent to tissue and they do not need additional accessories (for example, cable, electrometer, etc.) The main characteristics of the diverse Tl materials to be used in the radiation measures and practical applications are: the Tl curve, the share homogeneity, the signal stability after the irradiation, precision and exactitude, the response in function with the dose and the energy influence. In this work a brief summary of the advances of the radiations dosimetry is presented by means of the thermally stimulated luminescence and its application to the dosimetry in radiotherapy. (Author)

Thermally stimulated conductivity and thermoluminescence from Al2O3 : C

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Agersnap Larsen, N.; Bøtter-Jensen, L.; McKeever, S.W.S.

1999-01-01

Simultaneous measurements of thermoluminescence (TL) and thermally stimulated conductivity (TSC) are reported on single-crystal dosimetry-quality Al2O3:C following gamma irradiation at room temperature. Analysis of the data reveals a superposition of several first-order TL and TSC peaks caused...

Thermoluminescence dating of some Hungarian medieval churches

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kasa, I.; Bajnoczy, G.

1984-01-01

Thermoluminescence dating of three Hungarian historic churches was performed using the quarz inclusion technique and sup(60)Co gamma irradiation. Quarz grains obtained from the bricks were irradiated and the radiation doses were measured by CaSOsub(4):Dy TL dosemeters. Glow curves of irradiated and non-irradiated samples were also measured. From the results it was concluded that the ages of two churches were 10 and 30 percent less, respectively, than the ages estimated earlier. The age of the third church proved to be correct. (R.P.)

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Spectra of 7 Hα emission line stars in MBM 18 (Brand+ 2012)

Science.gov (United States)

Brand, J.; Wouterloot, J. G. A.; Magnani, L.

2012-10-01

Data in tabular form (wavelength and flux) are presented of the spectra of seven candidate Hα emission line stars in the direction of translucent cloud MBM 18. The data were obtained on 5 different nights in 2009 and 2010 with the 3.58-m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG; La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain). The spectra are shown in the appendix of the paper, only visible in the on line version. The spectra were taken with the low-resolution spectrograph DOLORES on the TNG, using long-slit spectroscopy. We used grism VHR-R, which covers a wavelength range of 6240-7720 Angstrom with a dispersion of 0.80Å/pix. The scale of the CCD detector is 0.252 arcsec/pixel. The observations were carried out with a slit width of 1 or 1.5 arcsec, depending on the seeing, resulting in a spectral resolution of 3.2Å and 4.8Å, respectively. To avoid problems with cosmic rays, 2 to 4 separate spectra per star were obtained. Two of the stars (Ha4 and Ha6) were observed simultaneously with another target (Ha1 and Ha5, respectively) by positioning the slit at an appropriate angle. The integration time was based on the brighter star in the slit, thus the signal-to-noise ratio for the other target is smaller than for the primary one. To allow absolute flux calibration the standard star Feige24 or Feige34 (for Ha5-Ha6) was observed immediately before or after the target observations, using the same instrumental setup as for the target observations. Flat-fielding was performed using 10 (5 for Ha5-Ha6) frames, which were uniformly illuminated by a halogen lamp. Wavelength calibration was performed using an arc-spectrum of an Ar, Ne+Hg, and Kr lamp, or a Ne+Hg (for Ha7) comparison lamp. A bias frame, to be subtracted from the other frames before analysis, was constructed from ten individual bias frames. Flat-, arc-, and bias-frames were obtained on the same day as the science observations and with the same instrumental setup. Data were reduced with the IRAF package. From all science frames a

Measurement of the dose by dispersed radiation in a lineal accelerator using thermoluminescent dosimeters of CaSO4:Dy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chavez C, N.; Torijano, E.; Azorin, J.; Herrera, A.

2014-08-01

The thermoluminescence (Tl) is based on the principle of the luminescent in a material when is heated below their incandescence temperature. Is a technique very used in dosimetry that is based on the property that have most of the crystalline materials regarding the storage of the energy that they absorb when are exposed to the ionizing radiations. When this material has been irradiated previously, the radioactive energy that contains is liberated in form of light. In general, the principles that govern the thermoluminescence are in essence the same of those responsible for all the luminescent processes and, this way, the thermoluminescence is one of the processes that are part of the luminescence phenomenon. For this work, the dispersed radiation was measured in the therapy area of the lineal accelerator of medical use type Elekta, using thermoluminescent dosimeters of CaSO 4 :Dy + Ptfe developed and elaborated in the Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa. With the dosimeters already characterized and calibrated, we proceeded to measure the dispersed radiation being a patient in treatment. The results showed values for the dispersed radiation the order of a third of the dose received by the patient on the treatment table at 30 cm of the direct beam and the order of a hundredth in the control area (4 m of the direct beam, approximately). The conclusion is that the thermoluminescent dosimeters of CaSO 4 : Dy + Ptfe are appropriate to measure dispersed radiation dose in radiotherapy. (author)

Understanding reconstructed Dante spectra using high resolution spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)