Atividade β-D-N-Acetilglucosaminidásica de enzimas imobilizadas extraídas da Artemia franciscana e possíveis aplicações biotecnológicas

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Santos, Pablo de Castro

2008-01-01

A β-D-N-acetilglucosaminidase, extraída e parcialmente isolada do crustáceo Artemia franciscana através de precipitação com sulfato de amônio e cromatografia em gel filtração Bio Gel A 1.5m foi imobilizada em Dacron ferromagnético rendendo um derivado insolúvel ativo contendo 5,0 unid/mg de proteína e retendo 10,35% da atividade da enzima solúvel. A β-D-N-acetilglucosaminidase-Dacron ferromagnético foi facilmente removida do meio reacional com o auxílio de um campo magnético e pô...

TESTICULAR AND EPIDIDYMAL HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION IN MONGREL ADULT DOGS FROM SÃO JOÃO DA BOA VISTA (SP REGION AVALIAÇÃO HISTOPATOLÓGICA TESTICULAR E EPIDIDIMÁRIA EM CÃES ADULTOS SEM RAÇA DEFINIDA (SRD DA REGIÃO DE SÃO JOÃO DA BOA VISTA, SP

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Renée Laufer Amorim

2007-12-01

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Little has been explored about testicular and epidi-dymal changes in dogs in different Brazilian regions and their influence on canine fertility, mainly in mongrel dogs. This study was performed to verify the prevalence of testicular and epididymal histopathological changes in mongrel adult dogs from São João da Boa Vista (SP region, as well as the frequency according to animal size and occurrence of simultaneous testicular and epididymal lesions. The use of mongrel dogs was based on the fact that it is the most common breed in the Brazilian canine popula-tion. Testicles and epipidymis were obtained from 60 adult dogs, between 3 and 6 years old, in castration campaign and sorted to in small breed (28 animals, medium breed (28 animals and large breed (14 animals. Histopathological evaluation of the 120 testicles showed 107 cases of degeneration, 89 of tubular atrophy, 16 of hipoplasia, 6 of orchitis, 3 leydig cell tumor, 2 normal tissue, one sertolli cell tumor and one case of edema. In the epididymal evaluation, 55 were considered normal, 36 inflammatory, 22 papillary hyperplasia, 14 degenerations, 12 cribriform hyperplasia, 3 cases of fibrosis, one edema, one adeno-miosis and one spermatic granuloma. Testicular and epididymal lesions were more frequents in medium and large breeds. Cribriform epididymal hyperplasia was observed and papillary epididymal hyperplasia for papillary epithe-lial projections with normal morphology in the lumen was proposed.

Key-words: Dog, epididym, testicle. histopathological alterations.

A ocorrência de alterações testiculares e epididi-márias em cães nas diferentes regiões do país, assim como a influência delas sobre a fertilidade da espécie são ainda pouco exploradas, especialmente de cães sem raça definida (SRD. Neste estudo buscou-se determinar a prevalência das alterações histopatológicas testiculares e epididimárias nos

Produção de enzimas extracelulares por fungos associados à decomposição materiais vegetais em riachos

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Jéssica Barros Aguiar Silva

2015-12-01

Full Text Available As celulases e xilanases fúngicas, derivadas de sua habilidade degradativa e excretadas, em geral, para o meio, despertam interesse biotecnológico por terem um largo espectro de aplicação. Objetivou-se verificar a produção das enzimas celulase e xilanase por fungos filamentosos isolados de detritos foliares alóctone em um córrego no Cerrado. Os testes foram realizados com 100 cepas utilizando meio de cultura sintético contendo, como única fonte de carbono, carboximetilcelulose e xilana, para celulase e xilanase, respectivamente. Foram realizados inóculos no centro das placas e armazenadas por 4 dias em BOD a 28°C e submetido a choque térmico em estufa a 50°C por 16 horas. Para melhor visualização do halo de hidrólise as placas foram coradas com solução de vermelho congo e lavadas com solução de NaCl. Dos fungos testados 69% apresentaram resultado positivo para celulase dos quais 23% foram consideramos com potencial para aplicação em biotecnologia. Não houve resultados positivos para a produção da enzima xilanase. Os fungos testados, associados ao processo de decomposição de matéria orgânica vegetal, apresentaram produção da enzima celulase, mas não da enzima xilanase.

Produção in vitro de enzimas extracelulares por fungos e sua relação com os sintomas descritos em planta hospedeira

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Alice Elias

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMOOs fungos fitopatogênicos habitantes de solo causam perdas econômicas em muitas culturas e são difíceis de serem controlados. Esses fungos podem ser agrupados pelos sintomas comuns que causam nas plantas, bem como pelas enzimas extracelulares que podem produzir. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a produção in vitro de enzimas extracelulares por fungos de solo e tentar relacionar essas enzimas com os sintomas que cada fungo causa em planta hospedeira. O ensaio foi delineado em esquema inteiramente casualizado, com dois fatores, sete fungos (Cylindrocladium spathiphylli, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Ceratocystis fimbriata, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi e Verticillium dahliae mais testemunha e seis enzimas (amilase, carboximetilcelulase, lipase, lacase, catalase e gelatinase com 10 repetições. Catalase e gelatinase foram mensuradas por escala de notas, enquanto que as demais pelo cálculo da área da coroa circular. O ensaio foi repetido e a análise foi realizada com os dados de dois ensaios. Os fungos que causam podridão na raiz ou no colo da planta apresentaram maior produção de lacase, enquanto os que causam obstrução, fendas ou até a destruição do sistema vascular demonstraram a prevalência da lipase.

Sucrose metabolizing enzymes in cell suspension cultures of Bauhinia forficata, Curcuma zedoaria and Phaseolus vulgaris Enzimas do metabolismo da sacarose em cultura celular de Bauhinia forficata, Curcuma zedoaria e Phaseolus vulgaris

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Marcia Ometto de Mello

2001-09-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to study the activity of sucrose metabolizing enzymes in extracts of cell suspension cultures of Bauhinia forficata Link, Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe and Phaseolus vulgaris L. Invertase pathway was identified in the three studied species. Sucrose synthase pathway was also responsible for sucrose metabolism in Curcuma zedoaria and Phaseolus vulgaris cells. Activity values higher than 300 nmol min-1 mg-1 of protein were found for acid and neutral invertases, UDPglucose pyrophosphorylase and phosphoglucomutase in the cell extract of the three plant species. Sucrose synthase showed low activity in Bauhinia forficata cells. As sucrose concentration in the culture medium decreased, sucrose synthase activity increased in C. zedoaria and P. vulgaris cells. The glycolytic enzymes activity gradually reduced at the end of the culture period, when carbohydrate was limited.O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as enzimas do metabolismo da sacarose em culturas de célula em suspensão de Bauhinia forficata Link, Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe e Phaseolus vulgaris L. A via da invertase foi identificada nas três espécies estudadas. A via da sacarose sintase também foi responsável pelo metabolismo da sacarose em células de Curcuma zedoaria e Phaseolus vulgaris. Foram encontradas atividades maiores que 300 nmol min-1 mg-1 de proteína das enzimas invertase ácida e alcalina, UDPglicose pirofosforilase e fosfoglicomutase no extrato celular das três espécies de plantas. A sacarose sintase mostrou atividade baixa nas células de Bauhinia forficata. À medida que a concentração de sacarose no meio de cultura diminuiu, a atividade da sacarose sintase aumentou em células de Curcuma zedoaria e Phaseolus vulgaris. Ao final do período de cultura, quando os carboidratos se tornaram limitantes, as atividades das enzimas glicolíticas reduziram-se gradualmente.

The Danish Testicular Cancer database

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Daugaard, Gedske; Kier, Maria Gry Gundgaard; Bandak, Mikkel

2016-01-01

AIM: The nationwide Danish Testicular Cancer database consists of a retrospective research database (DaTeCa database) and a prospective clinical database (Danish Multidisciplinary Cancer Group [DMCG] DaTeCa database). The aim is to improve the quality of care for patients with testicular cancer (TC......) in Denmark, that is, by identifying risk factors for relapse, toxicity related to treatment, and focusing on late effects. STUDY POPULATION: All Danish male patients with a histologically verified germ cell cancer diagnosis in the Danish Pathology Registry are included in the DaTeCa databases. Data...... collection has been performed from 1984 to 2007 and from 2013 onward, respectively. MAIN VARIABLES AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA: The retrospective DaTeCa database contains detailed information with more than 300 variables related to histology, stage, treatment, relapses, pathology, tumor markers, kidney function...

EFEITO DE ENZIMAS FIBROLÍTICAS SOBRE A COMPOSIÇÃO BROMATOLÓGICA DE SILAGENS DE CAPINS TROPICAIS

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Cirano José Ulhoa

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi desenvolvido para determinar o efeito de níveis de enzimas fibrolíticas sobre a composição bromatológica e a degradabilidade ruminal da MS e da FDN das silagens de capim-braquiária e de capim-tanzânia. O experimento consistiu de quatro níveis enzimáticos (0, 5, 10e 20 mg de enzimas por kg de matéria natural e dois períodos de armazenamento (45 e 120 dias e três repetições. Após o armazenamento, os silos experimentais foram abertos para avaliação dos teores da MS, da PB, da FDN, do N-NH3/NT e do pH. Utilizou-se a técnica do saco de náilon,com três bovinos canulados no rúmen, horários de incubação de 6, 24 e 96 horas e amostras do período de 45 dias de ensilagem. Verificou-se que as soluções enzimáticas não alteraram o teor de MS, PB, N-NH3/NT e pH das silagens de capins. Para o capim-braquiária, a solução enzimática alterou o teor da FDN, mas foi dependente do nível de enzimas.Verificou-se redução da FDN para o nível de 20 mg (67,99% em relação ao tratamento-testemunha (70,28%. Não houve diferença entre os períodos de armazenamento nem interação entre período de armazenamento e nível enzimático. Para os parâmetros de degradação ruminal da MS e da FDN das silagens de capins não foram observadas diferenças entre os tratamentos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Aditivos, celulases, degradabilidade, hemicelulases, parede celular

Correlação entre a incapacidade funcional, idade e enzimas séricas nas doenças neuromusculares

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Lineu Cesar Werneck

1995-03-01

Full Text Available Foram estudados 806 casos de diversas doenças neuromusculares, a fim de verificar se existe correlação entre o grau de incapacidade funcional aferida pela escala de Vignos e Archibald (V&A e enzimas séricas (creatinoquinase, desidrogenase lática, aldolase, transaminase glutâmica oxalacética e pirúvica. Foram utilizados testes para a análise do coeficiente de correlação simples (Pearson e múltiplo. Foi encontrada correlação positiva (piora progressiva da incapacidade da V&A com a idade em algumas doenças, como a distrofia muscular de Duchenne, distrofia fascio-escapulo-umeral, distrofia miotônica, miopatias com defeitos enzimáticos da cadeia respiratória e esclerose lateral amiotrófica. Por outro lado, foi detectada correlação negativa (melhora progressiva dos sintomas na miopatia do multicore, miopatia benigna da infância com predomínio de fibras do tipo 1, deficiência de carnitina e dermatomiosite. A V&A mostrou maiores correlações (p< 0,05 entre as diversas enzimas sérícas quando estudadas isoladamente na distrofia muscular de Duchenne, distrofia óculo-crânio-somática, polimiositcs e periarterite nodosa. Quando as enzimas foram analisadas em conjunto, através de teste de correlação múltipla, verificou-se pequena correlação entre elas e a V&A. Esta reduzida interrelação sugere que a utilização de diversas enzimas na análise longitudinal das doenças neuromusculares é limitada, não tendo aplicação pratica, embora sejam muito importantes no diagnóstico.

Testicular arteries systematization based on different levels of scrotal configuration in caprines Sistematização da artéria testicular em caprinos segundo a configuração escrotal

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Mônica Marco de Almeida

2008-08-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to describe the distribution of testicular arterial vessels in caprines with different degrees of scrotal division. Scrotal configurations were classified as follows; Group I: scrotum without bipartition; Group II: scrotum showing a ventral division until the middle of the testis; and, Group III: scrotal separation extended beyond the middle of the testis. A colored vinyl acetate solution was injected into 60 testicular arteries (30 pairs. After, the samples were submitted to corrosion cast method to obtain tubular vascular models for macroscopic analysis. We observed that the testicular arteries emerge from the abdominal aorta, cross the inguinal canal to become coiled and involved by the pampiniform plexus. Close to the caudal extremity of the testis, the arteries become divided in cranial and caudal branches that emit collateral vessels to originate emerging branches. Testicles with intermediate level of scrotal division (group II showed a smaller amount of those branches than the others, being the most populated the ventrolateral and the dorsolateral quadrants. The origin, distribution and localization of the testicular arteries did not show any differences related to the degree of scrotal division in caprines.O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a distribuição dos vasos arteriais nos testículos em caprinos com diferentes graus de divisão escrotal. A configuração escrotal foi classificada da seguinte forma: Grupo I: constituído por caprinos com escroto único, Grupo II: com escroto separado até a metade do testículo e Grupo III: com separação escrotal estendendo-se além da metade do testículos. As artérias foram injetadas e coradas com solução de acetado de vinil, sendo os orgãos (30 pares submetidos à corrossão para obtenção dos moldes vasculares. As artérias testiculares emergem da aorta abdominal, com trajeto retilíneo, atravessam o canal inguinal, apresentam-se espiraladas e

Efeito da peletização e adição de enzimas e vitaminas sobre o desempenho e aproveitamento da energia e nutrientes em frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade Effect of pelleting and addition of enzymes and vitamins on the performance and advantage of energy and nutrients in broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days old

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José Laureano Barbosa Leite; Paulo Borges Rodrigues; Elias Tadeu Fialho; Rilke Tadeu Fonseca de Freitas; Adriano Kaneo Nagata; Vinícius de Souza Cantarelli

2008-01-01

Conduziu-se este experimento para avaliar o efeito da peletização e adição de enzimas e vitaminas sobre o desempenho e aproveitamento da energia e nutrientes, em frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 350 pintos de corte, COBB, machos, com peso inicial médio de 47g ± 2,5g, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com os tratamentos em arranjos fatorial 3 x 2 (três dietas, com e sem enzimas) sendo que as dietas consistiram de uma ração farelada e duas rações peletizadas...

Purification of a membrane-bound trypsin-like enzyme from the gut of the velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner =Purificação de uma enzima “tipo tripsina” não-solúvel do intestino da lagarta da soja (Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner

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Marcelo Matos Santoro

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Disruption of protein digestion in insects by specific endoprotease inhibitors is being regarded as an alternative to conventional insecticides for pest control. To optimize the effectiveness of this strategy, the understanding of the endoprotease diversity of the target insect is crucial. In this sense, a membrane-bound trypsin-like enzyme from the gut of Anticarsia gemmatalis fifth-instar larvae was purified. Non-soluble fraction of the gut extract was solubilized with 3-[(3-cholamidopropyldimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS and subjected to a p-aminobenzamidine affinity chromatography followed by anion-exchange chromatography. The yield of the purified enzyme was 11% with a purification factor of 143 and a final specific activity of 18.6 µM min.-1 mg-1 protein using N-α-benzoyl-L- Arg-p-nitroanilide (L-BApNA as substrate. The purified sample showed a single band with proteolytic activity active and apparent molecular mass of 25 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Molecular mass determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was 28,632 ± 26 Da. Although the low recovery and the difficulties in purifying large enzyme amounts limited its further characterization, the results contribute for the understanding of the proteases present on A. gemmatalis gut, which are potential targets for natural or specifically designed protease inhibitors.Comprometer a digestão de proteínas dos insetos pelo uso de inibidores específicos de endoproteases tem sido amplamente estudado como um método de controle de pragas alternativo ao uso dos inseticidas convencionais. No processo de otimização desta estratégia, o conhecimento da diversidade das endoproteases do inseto alvo torna-se crucial. Neste sentido, uma enzima “tipo-tripsina” ligada à membrana obtida do intestino de larvas do 5° instar de A. gemmatalis foi purificada. A fração insolúvel do extrato do intestino foi solubilizada com 3-[(3-cholamidopropyldimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS e submetida �

Influence of carbon source, pH, and temperature on the polygalacturonase activity of Kluyveromyces marxianus CCMB 322 Influência da fonte de carbono, pH e temperatura na atividade da enzima poligalacturonase de Kluyveromyces marxianus CCMB 322

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Rodrigo de Queiroz Oliveira

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Microbial pectinolytic enzymes are known to play a commercially important role in a number of industrial processes. Two kinds of yeast can be discerned regarding the production of enzymes. One group includes those which can produce enzymes in the absence of an inducer, and the other group comprises the yeasts that produce enzymes in the presence of an inducer. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pectic substances, glucose, pH, and temperature on the polygalacturonase activity by Kluyveromyces marxianus CCMB 322. The yeast was grown in a fermentation broth containing different concentrations of glucose and pectic substances. The polygalacturonase activity was determined by the DNS method, and the pH and temperature were optimized using a central composite experimental design. The polygalacturonase secreted by K. marxianus CCMB 322 was partially constitutive showing optimum pH and temperature of 7.36 and 70 °C, respectively, and maintained approximately 93% of its original activity for 50 minutes at 50 °C. Thermal stability of the polygalacturonase enzyme was studied at different temperatures (50, 60, 70, and 80 °C and different incubation times (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 minutes. This study showed that glucose can influence the regulation of the synthesis of polygalacturonase.Enzimas pectinolíticas de origem microbiana são conhecidas por desempenhar um papel importante comercialmente em uma série de processos industriais. Dois tipos de levedura podem ser distinguidos para a produção dessas enzimas. Um grupo inclui aqueles que têm capacidade de produzi-las na ausência de um indutor e outro grupo compreende as leveduras que as produzem na presença de um indutor. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a influência de substâncias pécticas, de glicose, do pH e da temperatura na atividade da poligalacturonase de Kluyveromyces marxianus CCMB 322. O cultivo foi em caldo de fermentação contendo diferentes

Efeito da protease sobre o coeficiente de metabolizabilidade dos nutrientes em frangos de corte

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C.F.Q. Matias

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se os efeitos da protease sobre o coeficiente de metabolizabilidade dos nutrientes em dietas contendo farinha de penas (2,0% na fase inicial e 3,0% na fase de crescimento para frangos de corte machos, Cobb(r, de um a 32 dias de idade. Foram alojadas 336 aves em gaiolas metálicas equipadas com bandeja para coleta total de excretas. Foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2x2 (com e sem adição da enzima protease 0,05% e duas valorizações da matriz nutricional da enzima, sendo sete repetições por tratamento, de 12 aves cada. Observou-se, na fase inicial, maior CMPB (P≤0,05 para as aves que, independentemente da adição de protease, consumiram ração com valorização da matriz nutricional da enzima. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos sobre o CMMS e o CMEE (P>0,05. Na fase de crescimento, houve interação entre os tratamentos para as variáveis CMPB e CMEE. Os frangos alimentados com dieta valorizada sem adição de enzima (controle negativo apresentaram melhores resultados (P≤0,05 para CMPB e CMEE. Nos tratamentos com enzima, o melhor CMEE (P≤0,05 foi obtido com o tratamento sem valorização da matriz nutricional (over the top. Conclui-se que níveis reduzidos e enzima sem valorização melhoram os coeficientes de metabolizabilidade dos nutrientes na fase adulta de frangos de corte.

Perfil bioquímico de algumas enzimas no plasma sangüíneo de potras da raça Brasileiro de Hipismo (BH criadas em Colina, Estado de São Paulo

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Fernando José Benesi

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Com o propósito de avaliar o perfil bioquímico de algumas enzimas, em potras sadias da raça BH (Brasileiro de Hipismo, utilizaram-se 380 amostras de plasma sangüíneo colhidas de 19 animais desde o nascimento até 24 meses de vida. Na análise dos resultados evidenciou-se que os valores médios das enzimas FA (fosfatase alcalina e CK (creatina quinase foram máximos entre o nascimento e 24 horas de vida (FA-1995.50 UI/ ; CK-189.13UI/L, enquanto que para a LD (lactato desidrogenase e GGT (gama glutamiltransferase as maiores magnitudes ocorreram, respectivamente, entre 3 e 4 dias (LD-479.11UI/L e aos 10 dias de idade (GGT-18.70UI/L. As FA, CK, LD e GGT, mostraram diminuições dos valores médios, respectivamente, até 6 meses (FA-323.50UI/L, 20 dias (CK-51UI/ L, 19 meses (LD-214.00UI/L e 4 meses (GGT-11.40UI/L estabilizando-se a seguir, com pequenas variações. A atividade da AST (aspartato aminotransferase que foi mínima logo após o nascimento (AST- 43.38UI/L, aumentou até os sete dias de vida (AST-110.89UI/L, e a seguir diminuiu progressivamente, com pequenas oscilações, até o final do estudo. Todas as enzimas avaliadas sofreram variações influenciadas pelo fator etário, particularmente no período inicial de vida dos animais estudados.

Testicular dysgenesis syndrome and the estrogen hypothesis: a quantitative meta-analysis A síndrome da disgenesia testicular e a hipótese do estrogênio: uma meta-análise quantitativa

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Olwenn Martin

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Male reproductive tract abnormalities such as hypospadias and cryptorchidism, and testicular cancer have been proposed to comprise a common syndrome together with impaired spermatogenesis with a common etiology resulting from the disruption of gonadal development during fetal life, the testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS. The only quantitative summary estimate of the link between prenatal exposure to estrogenic agents and testicular cancer was published over 10 years ago; other reviews of the link between estrogenic compounds, other than the potent pharmaceutical estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES, and TDS end points have remained inconclusive. We conducted a quantitative meta-analysis of the association between the end points related to TDS and prenatal exposure to estrogenic agents. Inclusion in this analysis was based on mechanistic criteria, and the plausibility of an estrogen receptor (ER-α-mediated mode of action was specifically explored. Eight studies were included, investigating the etiology of hypospadias and/or cryptorchidism that had not been identified in previous systematic reviews. Four additional studies of pharmaceutical estrogens yielded a statistically significant updated summary estimate for testicular cancer. Results of the subset analyses point to the existence of unidentified sources of heterogeneity between studies or within the study population.Sugeriu-se que anomalias do trato reprodutivo masculino como hipospádia e criptorquidismo, assim como o câncer de testículo, componham uma síndrome comum com diminuição da espermatogênese, e de etiologia comum, a interrupção do desenvolvimento gonadal na fase fetal, a síndrome de disgenesia testicular (SDT. O único levantamento quantitativo da relação entre exposição pré-natal a agentes estrogênicos e câncer de testículo data de mais de dez anos; outras revisões da relação entre compostos estrogênicos diferentes do potente estrogênio sint

Análise da atividade da enzima conversora da angiotensina na hipertrofia aguda do ventrículo direito em modelo experimental de estenose endovascular ajustável do tronco pulmonar

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RABELLO Renato Rocha

2001-01-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A bandagem do tronco pulmonar (TP tem sido aplicada para treinamento do ventrículo esquerdo (VE em pacientes portadores de transposição das grandes artérias (TGA com septo íntegro. Este procedimento, além de apresentar alta morbi-mortalidade, pode ocasionar alterações da função ventricular a longo prazo. Com o objetivo de analisar a hipertrofia aguda do ventrículo direito (VD, foi implantado um cateter balão no TP de seis cabritos jovens. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: A sobrecarga sistólica foi aplicada através de insuflações progressivas do balão, durante 96 horas. Esta hipertrofia foi acompanhada por medidas hemodinâmicas diárias, através de cateteres implantados na aorta, VD e TP, além de ecocardiogramas seriados a cada 24 horas, com medidas das espessuras do septo interventricular e dos ventrículos. Ao final das 96 horas, os animais foram mortos para remoção dos corações. Os ventrículos e o septo foram pesados separadamente. Foram colhidas biópsias musculares de cada câmara para análise da atividade da enzima conversora da angiotensina (ECA. Oito cabritos (idade e peso semelhantes foram utilizados como controle para os pesos dos ventrículos e para a atividade da ECA. RESULTADOS: Observou-se um aumento do gradiente VD/TP (p=0,001, com conseqüente aumento da razão VD/VE (p=0,005 durante o tempo de sobrecarga sistólica. Ao fim do protocolo, a parede livre do VD apresentou aumento de espessura (p=0,002 e, conseqüentemente, um aumento do peso indexado (p=0,002. A análise da atividade da ECA revelou aumento somente no músculo do VD hipertrofiado (p=0,002. CONCLUSÃO: O cateter balão foi eficiente em induzir a hipertrofia aguda do VD através do protocolo utilizado. Conseqüentemente, um aumento expressivo da atividade da ECA está associado ao processo de hipertrofia miocárdica induzida por sobrecarga pressórica.

Metodologia de seleção de cepas para produção etodologia da ciclodextrina glicosiltransferase e para purificação da enzima - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v29i1.133 Strains selection methodology for cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase production and enzyme purification - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v29i1.133

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Graciette Matioli

2007-12-01

Full Text Available As ciclodextrinas (CDs são maltooligossacarídeos, produzidas a partir do amido, pela enzima ciclodextrina glicosiltransferase (CGTase. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo estabelecer metodologias de seleção de cepas para produção de CGTase e para purificação da enzima. Os microrganismos foram selecionados a partir de 53 análises de solos de cultura de amido, em placas contendo meio de cultivo específico, para seleção de cepas produtoras de CGTase. As enzimas foram obtidas com cultivo destes microrganismos em meio líquido. As atividades enzimáticas das CGTases foram determinadas pelos métodos espectrofotométricos e precipitação com tricloroetileno. A cepa isolada do solo de aveia foi a que apresentou maior atividade [0,1864 mol de -CD (min mL-1]. Esta cepa foi utilizada para a produção da enzima em escala laboratorial e purificação em cromatografia de afinidade bioespecífica. A cepa selecionada nesta pesquisa abre novas perspectivas para produção de enzima e CDs em escala industrial. Palavras-chave: ciclodextrina, glicosiltransferase, CGTase.Cyclodextrins (CDs are maltooligosaccharides produced from starch by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase enzyme. This research aimed at establishing method for strains selection for CGTase production and enzyme purification. The microorganisms were selected from 53 analyses of starch cultures soils on plates containing specific culture medium for strains selection that produce CGTase. The enzymes were obtained by culturing these microorganisms in liquid medium. The enzyme activity was determined with photospectrometric methods and precipitation with trichloroethylene. The strain isolated from oat soil was the one that showed the highest activity [0.1864 µmol of ß-CD (min mL-1]. This strain was used for enzyme production in laboratory scale and purification by biospecific affinity chromatography. The strain selected in this research opens new perspectives for enzymes

Efeito da aplicação de enzimas pectinolíticas no rendimento da extração de polpa de cupuaçu

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BASTOS MARIA DO SOCORRO ROCHA

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O Brasil apresenta uma diversidade de frutas regionais, principalmente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. Dentre estas, destaca-se o cupuaçu, que é uma fruta considerada exótica e de grande potencial comercial nos mercados dos estados do Sudeste do Brasil e dos países europeus. A polpa e a semente são importantes para o desenvolvimento de produtos industriais. A polpa tem sido estudada como matéria-prima para néctar; entretanto, é usada em sorvetes, geléias, purês e polpa enlatada. Atualmente, o processo de extração da polpa ainda é feito de maneira empírica, utilizando-se de acessórios como facas, colheres ou tesouras de uso doméstico, devido à forte aderência da mesma ao caroço, causando baixo rendimento no produto final. Com o objetivo de aumentar o rendimento durante o processo de extração da polpa de cupuaçu, adicionaram-se à polpa bruta dois tipos de preparações enzimáticas de ação pectolítica (Citrozym-L e Rohament PL. As concentrações estabelecidas foram de 100; 300; 500 e 750 ppm. Após todo o processo, obteve-se a polpa, e o rendimento foi comparado com a polpa-controle. O experimento foi realizado nos laboratórios de Tecnologia de Alimentos da Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical. Pelos resultados obtidos, observou-se que o rendimento da polpa com adição de Citrozym-L foi superior a 60% nas concentrações de 300; 500 e 750 ppm, enquanto, com a utilização de Rohament-PL, o rendimento variou de 43 a 57% nas mesmas concentrações. O rendimento da polpa-controle foi de 44 e 41 %, para os experimentos realizados com a primeira e segunda preparação enzimática, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a utilização de enzimas é uma alternativa para melhorar o processo de extração da polpa; adicionando-se acima de 300ppm, obtém-se um rendimento próximo a 60%.

Testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Malene Roland; Rafaelsen, Søren Rafael; Møller, Henrik

2016-01-01

Purpose To perform a systematic literature review to assess whether the occurrence of testicular microlithiasis (TML) in conjunction with other risk factors is associated with testicular cancer. Methods A systematic literature search was performed of original articles in English published 1998...... In total, 282 abstracts in were identified. Based on title and abstract the eligibility was assessed and 31 studies were included. Five conditions in relation to TML and testicular cancer emerged: Down syndrome, McCune–Albright syndrome, cryptorchidism, infertility and familial disposition of testicular...... cancer. Conclusion Data support the conclusion that TML is not an independent risk factor for testicular cancer but associated with testicular cancer through other conditions. In male infertility, TML appears to be related to an increased risk of testicular cancer possibly as part of a testicular...

Produção e avaliação de enzimas fibrolíticas exógenas na ensilagem de milho

OpenAIRE

Lara, Erika Christina [UNESP

2013-01-01

O presente trabalho avaliou a produção de enzimas fibroliticas exógenas obtidas a partir da fermentação fúngica e sua aplicação em diferentes doses na ensilagem de milho. Para isso, o projeto foi dividido em dois experimentos, sendo o primeiro caracterizado pela produção de enzimas e sua estabilidade em condições ruminais. Cinco amostras de diferentes locais foram coletadas e 45 fungos foram isolados e avaliados quanto a produção de xilanases e celulases. O micro-organismo selecionado como o ...

Downregulation of Clusterin Expression in Human Testicular Seminoma

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Bianjiang Liu

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Background: Clusterin, a heterodimeric glycoprotein of approximately 80 kDa, exists extensively in human body fluids. The abnormal expression of clusterin is closely related to the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of tumors. Up to now, few studies have focused on clusterin in human testicular cancer. This study describes an extensive exploration of the presence and expression of clusterin in testicular seminoma. Methods: Tumor tissues and normal testis tissues were collected from 13 patients with testicular seminoma and 16 patients undergoing surgical castration for prostate cancer. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR was performed to detect the expression difference of clusterin mRNA between testicular seminoma and normal testis. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis were performed to detect the presence and expression difference of clusterin protein between two groups. Results: Real-time PCR showed the expression of clusterin mRNA in testicular seminoma to be significantly lower than in normal testis (only 13% relative quantification. Western blot analysis indicated marked reductions in the expression of clusterin protein in testicular seminoma. Similar results were observed upon immunohistochemical analysis. Conclusion: In testicular seminoma and normal testis, clusterin exists in its heterodimeric secretory isoform. Clusterin expression is significantly lower in testicular seminoma than in normal testis. This is the first comprehensive study of the presence and expression of clusterin in human testicular cancer.

Alteração de enzimas hepáticas em trabalhadores de refinaria de petróleo

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Carvalho Fernando Martins

2006-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A exposição ocupacional típica de uma refinaria de petróleo pode alterar a função hepática de seus trabalhadores. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi identificar fatores de risco de alterações em enzimas hepáticas em trabalhadores de uma refinaria de petróleo. MÉTODOS: Os trabalhadores de uma refinaria de petróleo, localizada em São Francisco do Conde, Estado da Bahia, eram submetidos a exames periódicos anuais de 1982 a1998. O estudo caso-controle investigou todos os 150 casos de indivíduos com alteração simultânea de gama-glutamil transferase e de alanino amino transferase, de pelo menos 10% acima do valor de referência. Como controles, foram selecionados 150 indivíduos sem quaisquer alterações de enzimas hepáticas ou de bilirrubinas, desde a sua admissão. Foram calculadas as razões de chance e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% a partir de modelos de regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Em todos os setores de produção, o risco de alteração de enzimas hepáticas foi significantemente mais elevado do que no setor administrativo (RC=5,7; IC 95%: 1,7-18,4, estando controlados os efeitos do álcool, obesidade e antecedentes médicos de hepatite. No período 1992-1994 foram registrados 89 casos, 88 deles provieram dos diversos setores da produção. CONCLUSÕES: A exposição ocupacional desempenha papel importante na determinação de alterações de enzimas hepáticas em trabalhadores do refino de petróleo, além dos fatores de risco eminentemente biológicos e/ou comportamentais como obesidade e o consumo de álcool.

Testicular Microlithiasis: Is It Associated with Testicular Cancer?

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... Is there a link between testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer? Answers from Erik P. Castle, M.D. Testicular microlithiasis (tes-TIK-yoo- ... studies show a relationship between testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer. However, it remains unclear whether having testicular microlithiasis ...

The Danish Testicular Cancer database.

Science.gov (United States)

Daugaard, Gedske; Kier, Maria Gry Gundgaard; Bandak, Mikkel; Mortensen, Mette Saksø; Larsson, Heidi; Søgaard, Mette; Toft, Birgitte Groenkaer; Engvad, Birte; Agerbæk, Mads; Holm, Niels Vilstrup; Lauritsen, Jakob

2016-01-01

The nationwide Danish Testicular Cancer database consists of a retrospective research database (DaTeCa database) and a prospective clinical database (Danish Multidisciplinary Cancer Group [DMCG] DaTeCa database). The aim is to improve the quality of care for patients with testicular cancer (TC) in Denmark, that is, by identifying risk factors for relapse, toxicity related to treatment, and focusing on late effects. All Danish male patients with a histologically verified germ cell cancer diagnosis in the Danish Pathology Registry are included in the DaTeCa databases. Data collection has been performed from 1984 to 2007 and from 2013 onward, respectively. The retrospective DaTeCa database contains detailed information with more than 300 variables related to histology, stage, treatment, relapses, pathology, tumor markers, kidney function, lung function, etc. A questionnaire related to late effects has been conducted, which includes questions regarding social relationships, life situation, general health status, family background, diseases, symptoms, use of medication, marital status, psychosocial issues, fertility, and sexuality. TC survivors alive on October 2014 were invited to fill in this questionnaire including 160 validated questions. Collection of questionnaires is still ongoing. A biobank including blood/sputum samples for future genetic analyses has been established. Both samples related to DaTeCa and DMCG DaTeCa database are included. The prospective DMCG DaTeCa database includes variables regarding histology, stage, prognostic group, and treatment. The DMCG DaTeCa database has existed since 2013 and is a young clinical database. It is necessary to extend the data collection in the prospective database in order to answer quality-related questions. Data from the retrospective database will be added to the prospective data. This will result in a large and very comprehensive database for future studies on TC patients.

Meta-análise da digestibilidade ileal de aminoácidos e minerais em suínos alimentados com dietas contendo enzimas

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Cheila Roberta Lehnen

2011-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio da meta-análise, o efeito da fitase e da xilanase sobre a digestibilidade ileal aparente (DIa de aminoácidos, cálcio e fósforo, em suínos em fase de crescimento. A base de dados consistiu de 21 artigos publicados entre 1998 e 2009, no total de 82 tratamentos e 644 suínos. A meta-análise foi realizada por análise gráfica, de correlação, de variância-covariância. As concentrações de fósforo fítico e as frações fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido e lignina em detergente ácido, nas dietas, apresentaram correlações baixas e negativas com a DIa do cálcio, fósforo e aminoácidos. A adição de fitase às dietas aumentou em 2% a DIa da arginina, em 14% a do cálcio e em 34% a do fósforo. A DIa da arginina, fenilalanina, isoleucina e lisina foi 3,3% superior em suínos alimentados com dietas com xilanase, em relação às dietas sem a enzima. O fósforo fítico e as fibras, nas dietas, reduzem a DIa do cálcio, do fósforo e dos aminoácidos essenciais. O uso de fitase e xilanase, nas dietas, melhora o aproveitamento de cálcio, fósforo e alguns aminoácidos. No entanto, o excesso de cálcio e fósforo nas dietas reduz a ação da fitase sobre a digestibilidade ileal dos nutrientes.

OBTENÇÃO E UTILIZAÇÃO DA ENZIMA POLIFENOLOXIDASE EXTRAÍDA DE POLPA DE PINHA (Annona squamosa L. MADURA NO MELHORAMENTO DO SABOR DO CACAU (Theobroma cacao L. OBTAINING AND USE OF POLYPHENOLOXIDASE ENZYME EXTRACTED FROM RIPE CUSTARD APPLE (Annona squamosa L. PULP ON THE COCOA (Theobroma cacao L. NIBS IN TASTE IMPROVEMENT

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ELIZA DOROTEA POZZOBON DE ALBUQUERQUE LIMA

2001-12-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a obtenção e a utilização da enzima polifenoloxidase (PPO extraída de polpa de pinha madura na redução do teor de compostos polifenólicos com a finalidade de diminuir a adstringência e o amargor das amêndoas de cacau processadas na forma de "nibs". A PPO foi extraída com tampão fosfato de potássio 0,025M (pH 7,5, adicionando sulfato de amônio para a precipitação da enzima. O material em pó obtido foi denominado de enzima parcialmente purificada, sendo que a análise de atividade enzimática foi realizada, utilizando-se de catecol como substrato. As características bioquímicas apresentadas foram pH de estabilidade de 6,0 a 6,5 e temperatura de estabilidade de 10 a 30°C. Os "nibs" foram autoclavados (121°C por 15 minutos e não autoclavados de amêndoas cruas insuficientemente fermentadas e secas, da mesma origem, sendo embebidas em 25 mL de uma solução da enzima contendo 200 unidades/min/mL, durante 30; 60; 90; 210 e 360 minutos, a 23°C e pH 6,0. Os "nibs" foram homogeneizados com a solução de enzima a cada 15 minutos, secos, moídos e desengordurados. Após o tratamento enzimático durante 210 minutos realizado nos "nibs" de cacau desengordurado não autoclavados foi possível observar diminuição de 15% nas concentrações de fenóis totais, 15% de taninos, 10% de flavan-3-ois e 18% de antocianidinas. Os "nibs" de cacau desengordurado autoclavados apresentaram diminuição de 25% nas concentrações de fenóis totais, 26% de taninos, 23% de flavan-3-ois e 51% de antocianidinas.The present work had as aim to study the obtaining and the uses of polyphenoloxidase enzyme (PPO extracted from ripe custard apple pulp on the reduction of polyphenolic compounds with decrease adstringency and bitterness of cocoa nuts processed at nibs form. The PPO was extracted with 0.025M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5, adding ammonium sulfate to the enzyme precipitation. The powdered

Desenvolvimento testicular, espermatogênese e concentrações hormonais em touros Angus Testicular development, spermatogenesis and hormonal concentrations in Angus bulls

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Gyselle Viana Aguiar

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Este estudo foi realizado com a finalidade de avaliar a evolução das secreções hormonais e do epitélio seminífero em touros da raça Angus de 10 a 38 semanas de idade. Foram castrados 1 a 5 animais em intervalos de quatro semanas (total de 25 touros para coleta de amostras do parênquima testicular e do plasma sanguíneo. As variáveis relacionadas ao crescimento testicular, aos aspectos quantitativos da espermatogênese e aos níveis hormonais foram transformadas em logaritmo e avaliadas por meio de análise de variância. O diâmetro dos testículos e túbulos seminíferos e o peso testicular apresentaram variações mais acentuadas após 26 semanas de idade. A porcentagem do parênquima testicular ocupado pelos túbulos seminíferos aumentou de 49,3 para 75,2% durante o experimento. A maioria dos túbulos (>90% apresentou-se com células de Sertoli somente entre 10 e 14 semanas, mas na 18ª (13,8±1,7% e 22ª semanas (19±1%, o número de túbulos com gonócitos e espermatogônias aumentou em relação às semanas iniciais. Espermatogônias intermediárias e B predominaram na 26ª semana (24,5±8,2% e a porcentagem de túbulos com espermatócitos foi mais elevada na 30ª semana (42,3±9,9%. Espermátides arredondadas foram detectadas partir da 26ª semana e, na 38ª semana, 62,3±1,5% dos túbulos seminíferos continham espermátides alongadas ou maduras. As variações mais acentuadas no crescimento testicular e, principalmente, no peso testicular após as 26 semanas coincidiram com o estabelecimento da meiose, com as alterações morfológicas do núcleo e nucléolo das células de Sertoli (indicativos do processo de diferenciação das mesmas, com os níveis reduzidos de androstenediona e os incrementos significativos de testosterona e estradiol 17beta. As associações entre o crescimento testicular e os níveis de FSH e LH na circulação periférica foram menos evidentes.This study aimed to evaluate changes in hormone secretion

Testicular cancer

Science.gov (United States)

... Germ cell tumor; Seminoma testicular cancer; Nonseminoma testicular cancer; Testicular neoplasm ... Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 86. National Cancer Institute. PDQ testicular cancer treatment. Updated February 17, 2016. www.cancer. ...

Atividade da pectina metilesterase e da β-galactosidase durante o amadurecimento do mamão cv. golden

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Luciana Konda de Azevedo Pinto

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de investigar o comportamento das enzimas pectina metilesterase (PME e β-galactosidase (β-Gal durante o amadurecimento do mamão cv.'Golden'. Mamões com 15% de cor amarela foram estocados em câmara de refrigeração a 20ºC e 85-95 % UR, por um período de 11 dias. Durante este período de estocagem, foi determinada a cor da casca, firmeza e pH da polpa dos frutos, bem como a atividade das enzimas PME e β-Gal. A atividade da PME, observada ao longo do amadurecimento do mamão, indicou que esta enzima participou do processo de hidrólise da parede celular, principalmente no início do amadurecimento dos frutos. Já a atividade da β-Gal aumentou, de maneira não gradual, do primeiro dia até o final do armazenamento, quando alcançou seu valor máximo. Uma redução drástica na firmeza e no pH da polpa ocorreu nos três primeiros dias de armazenamento. Neste período, os frutos apresentaram coloração com valores do ângulo hue próximos de 80, a qual corresponde a uma coloração amarela. Verificou-se que a PME atua de modo efetivo no amadurecimento do mamão, mas a redução precoce em sua atividade indica que a β-Gal tem também um papel fundamental na rápida perda de firmeza pelo mamão cv. Golden.

Inhibidor de la enzima uracilo ADN glicosilasa y usos del mismo

OpenAIRE

Serrano-Heras, Gemma; Bravo, Alicia; Salas, Margarita

2005-01-01

Inhibidor de la enzima uracilo adn glicosilasa y usos del mismo Esta invención se refiere a una proteína que inhibe la enzima uracilo ADN glicosilasa (UDG) vírica, para su uso como un agente terapéutico, en particular como un agente antiví

Estudo da sintese enzimatica de dextrana na presença de maltose como aceptor

OpenAIRE

Sueli Rodrigues

2003-01-01

Resumo: O principal objetivo do trabalho foi o estudo de um processo para obtenção de dextrana de massa molar controlada, via síntese enzimática, para com isso reduzir os custos da obtenção de dextrana clínica. Para isso foi considerada a modelagem de um reator contínuo com re-aproveitamento da enzima através da adsorção em resinas trocadoras de íons. Entretanto, os ensaios de adsorção demonstraram que a presença de dextrana impede a adsorção da enzima e seu re-aproveitamento a...

Testicular Cancer Screening

Science.gov (United States)

... undescended testicle) is a risk factor for testicular cancer. Testicular cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) ... Testicular Cancer Treatment for more information about testicular cancer. Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in men ...

PURIFICAÇÃO DA ASCORBATO-OXIDASE POR ELETROELUIÇÃO PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DE VITAMINA C

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Ligia Renata FIRMINO

2009-07-01

Full Text Available

O método de eletroeluição revelou-se eficiente, rápido e simples para purificar a enzima ascorbato-oxidase de abobrinha (Cucurbita pepo medulosa A atividade específica da enzima, após a eletroeluição, foi da ordem de 1.421 U/mg de proteína, obtendo-se nessa etapa um fator de purificação de 152,8 vezes. O conteúdo de vitamina C de alimentos e medicamento foi determinado com a enzima purificada e comparado com o método titulométrico que utiliza o DFI.

Testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer: review of the literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Pedersen, Malene Roland; Rafaelsen, Søren Rafael; Møller, Henrik; Vedsted, Peter; Osther, Palle Jörn

2016-07-01

To perform a systematic literature review to assess whether the occurrence of testicular microlithiasis (TML) in conjunction with other risk factors is associated with testicular cancer. A systematic literature search was performed of original articles in English published 1998 to 2015. Relevant studies were selected by reading the title and abstract by two of the authors. Studies were included if TML was diagnosed by ultrasonography and a risk condition was reported. Studies were only eligible if the particular risk condition was reported in more than one article. In total, 282 abstracts in were identified. Based on title and abstract the eligibility was assessed and 31 studies were included. Five conditions in relation to TML and testicular cancer emerged: Down syndrome, McCune-Albright syndrome, cryptorchidism, infertility and familial disposition of testicular cancer. Data support the conclusion that TML is not an independent risk factor for testicular cancer but associated with testicular cancer through other conditions. In male infertility, TML appears to be related to an increased risk of testicular cancer possibly as part of a testicular dysgenesis syndrome.

Teaching about Testicular Cancer and Testicular Self-examination.

Science.gov (United States)

Marty, Phillip J.; McDermott, Robert J.

1983-01-01

Because testicular cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in young men, it is important that they become informed about it. This paper reviews the pathology and epidemiology of testicular cancer, the technique of testicular self-examination, and some suggestions for teaching about this subject. (Authors/JMK)

Cinética do P nos tecidos de suínos em crescimento alimentados com dietas formuladas de acordo com o conceito de proteína ideal e suplementadas com enzima fitase

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J.A. Moreira

2014-10-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo foi desenvolvido para avaliar os efeitos da enzima fitase sobre a cinética do P nos tecidos de suínos, alimentados com dietas formuladas de acordo com o conceito de proteína ideal e suplementadas com enzima fitase. Foram utilizados 20 suínos machos castrados, distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os animais foram alojados em gaiolas metabólicas durante 17 dias, sendo 10 dias para adaptação e sete dias para coletas de fezes e urina. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas por cinco dias. No primeiro dia da fase experimental, cada animal recebeu, por via endovenosa, uma solução radioativa com 7,4MBq de 32P. No final do período experimental, os animais foram sacrificados, e amostras de tecidos do músculo (lombo, coração, fígado, rins e ossos foram coletadas. A enzima fitase interferiu na cinética do 32P, levando a uma menor incorporação nos tecidos dos ossos.

USO DE NANOPARTÍCULAS DO MESOCARPO DO BABAÇU COMO PLATAFORMA PARA ANCORAGEM DE ENZIMAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE BIOSSENSORES: UM MAPEAMENTO TECNOLÓGICO

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Ana Siqueira do Nascimento Marreiro Teixeira

2018-03-01

Full Text Available A imobilização de enzimas na construção de biossensores torna-se atraente pela capacidade enzimática de catalisar com grande eficiência, reações biológicas com alta sensibilidade e seletividade. A utilização de materiais nanoestruturados, tais como nanopartículas poliméricas, surge como alternativa para aumentar a eficiência da imobilização de enzimas. Dessa forma, surge o interesse na síntese de nanopartículas do mesocarpo do babaçu (Orbignya phalerata Mart, por se tratar de um biopolímero natural, atóxico, facilmente encontrado na região nordeste do País. Diante do relatado, o presente trabalho propõe um estudo prospectivo a respeito do desenvolvimento de um biossensor contendo a enzima polifenol oxidase como monocamada imobilizada, pela técnica de automontagem, sobre a superfície de nanoparticulas poliméricas geradas a partir do mesocarpo de babaçu para detecção de sulfitos em produtos alimentícios, visto que tais compostos são causadores de reações alérgicas em indivíduos que apresentam sensibilidade a este conservante. Para o mapeamento científico e tecnológico, foram realizadas buscas nas bases de periódicos Web of Science, Scopus e Scielo, e nos bancos de patentes INPI, Espacenet e USPTO, para todas patentes depositadas, e artigos publicados no período de 2005 a agosto 2016. A partir dos artigos e patentes analisados, constatou-se que os estudos relacionados ao mesocarpo de babaçu são escassos, sendo que o desenvolvimento de um biossensor para detecção de sulfito a base de nanopartículas poliméricas deste biopolímero como plataforma para a imobilização da enzima polifenol oxidase para pode ser bastante inovador, visto que não foram encontrados relatos na literatura com abordagem parecida.

Intra-Abdominal Testicular Seminoma in a Woman with Testicular Feminization Syndrome

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Darshana D. Rasalkar

2011-01-01

Full Text Available We report a case of intra-abdominal testicular tumor in a 36-year-old married lady presenting with chief complaints of primary amenorrhea. The patient was later diagnosed with testicular feminization syndrome, a form of male pseudohermaphroditism. This testicular tumor was histologically proven as seminoma. Due to rarity, imaging findings in patients with testicular feminization syndrome and intraabdominal testicular tumor have been poorly documented. So far, only one case report had described the combined role of CT and MR imaging in intraabdominal testicular sex-cord stromal tumor. To our knowledge, this case is first to document USG and MR imaging in addition to MR spectroscopy features in intraabdominal testicular seminoma.

Inmovilización de enzimas en materiales mesoporosos ordenados

OpenAIRE

Serra, Elías M.

2011-01-01

En este trabajo se ha pretendido arrojar algo de luz sobre algunos aspectos que afectan a la inmovilización de enzimas en Materiales Mesoporosos Ordenados. La mayor parte del esfuerzo se ha centrado en la inmovilización de la lipasa, sin perder de vista la extensión de las técnicas más exitosas a otras enzimas de interés. En primer lugar se ha establecido la influencia de parámetros texturales y/o químicos de los MMO sobre la inmovilización, mostrando como tanto el tamaño como la forma de ...

Comparison of Tissue Stiffness Using Shear Wave Elastography in Men with Normal Testicular Tissue, Testicular Microlithiasis and Testicular Cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Malene Roland; Møller, Henrik; Osther, Palle Jørn Sloth

2017-01-01

Objectives: To compare elastography measurements in men with normal testicular tissue, testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer. Methods: A total of 248 consecutive patients were included. All men provided written informed consent. Testicular stiffness was assessed using shear wave...... elastography (SWE). Three SWE velocity measurements were assessed in each testicle. The patients were divided into three groups; men with normal testicular tissue (n=130), men with testicular microlithiasis (n=99) and men with testicular cancer (n=19). Results: We found a higher mean velocity in the group...... of patients with testicular cancer (1.92 m/s (95% CI 1.82-2.03)) compared to both the group with normal tissue (0.76 m/s (95% CI: 0.75-0.78)) (ptesticular microlithiasis 0.79 m/s (95% CI: 0.77-0.81) (ptesticular microlithiasis increased stiffness...

Testicular Microlithiasis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Malene Roland Vils; Osther, Palle Jørn Sloth; Sørensen, Flemming Brandt

2016-01-01

factors (testicular atrophy (N=1) and previous testicular cancer (N=4)), but no cases of testicular malignancy were found in the follow-up period. Conclusion: The low patient compliance conflicts with the ESUR Scrotal Imaging Subcommittee guidelines that recommend scrotal US follow-up annually for TML...

Uso da papaina como potencializadora da penetração cutanea de diclofenaco dietilamonio em pomada

OpenAIRE

Maria Lucia Reque

2006-01-01

Resumo: A barreira dérmica é representada por uma estrutura lipoprotéica e constitui um ambiente bioquímico altamente complexo. Trata-se de uma barreira muito eficiente ao ingresso de agentes químicos. Não há na literatura nenhum relato do uso de enzimas proteolíticas como agente potencializador da permeação de fármacos presentes em formulações para uso tópico. Neste trabalho desenvolvemos uma formulação de pomada contendo a enzima para potencializar a penetração de diclofenaco dietilamônio n...

Vasculite testicular: uma manifestação rara de artrite reumatoide

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Alexandre Wagner S. de Souza

2013-08-01

Full Text Available A vasculite testicular é uma manifestação extra-articular muito rara da artrite reumatoide (AR. Descrevemos o caso de um homem de 53 anos com diagnóstico de AR por oito anos, sem controle adequado da doença. O paciente desenvolveu vasculite reumatoide, manifestada por úlceras de membros inferiores e neuropatia periférica. Apresentou ainda meningite neutrofílica aguda, tendo sido tratado com antibióticos e posterior pulsoterapia endovenosa com metilprednisolona (500 mg/dia por três dias, seguida de ciclofosfamida (2 mg/kg/ dia e prednisona orais. O paciente apresentou melhora do quadro, mas 15 dias após a alta hospitalar, houve reativação da meningite bacteriana. O paciente foi reinternado e tratado novamente com antibióticos. Três dias depois da segunda admissão hospitalar, o paciente apresentou dor, aumento de volume do testículo esquerdo e posteriormente gangrena. Foi realizada orquiectomia unilateral e o exame anatomopatológico revelou vasculite linfocítica. O paciente faleceu dois dias após a cirurgia devido a pneumonia aspirativa. Esse caso ilustra a vasculite testicular como uma manifestação rara e grave da vasculite reumatoide.

The Danish Testicular Cancer database

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Daugaard G

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Gedske Daugaard,1 Maria Gry Gundgaard Kier,1 Mikkel Bandak,1 Mette Saksø Mortensen,1 Heidi Larsson,2 Mette Søgaard,2 Birgitte Groenkaer Toft,3 Birte Engvad,4 Mads Agerbæk,5 Niels Vilstrup Holm,6 Jakob Lauritsen1 1Department of Oncology 5073, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, 3Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 4Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, 5Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, 6Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark Aim: The nationwide Danish Testicular Cancer database consists of a retrospective research database (DaTeCa database and a prospective clinical database (Danish Multidisciplinary Cancer Group [DMCG] DaTeCa database. The aim is to improve the quality of care for patients with testicular cancer (TC in Denmark, that is, by identifying risk factors for relapse, toxicity related to treatment, and focusing on late effects. Study population: All Danish male patients with a histologically verified germ cell cancer diagnosis in the Danish Pathology Registry are included in the DaTeCa databases. Data collection has been performed from 1984 to 2007 and from 2013 onward, respectively. Main variables and descriptive data: The retrospective DaTeCa database contains detailed information with more than 300 variables related to histology, stage, treatment, relapses, pathology, tumor markers, kidney function, lung function, etc. A questionnaire related to late effects has been conducted, which includes questions regarding social relationships, life situation, general health status, family background, diseases, symptoms, use of medication, marital status, psychosocial issues, fertility, and sexuality. TC survivors alive on October 2014 were invited to fill in this questionnaire including 160 validated questions

EFEITO DE MERCURIAIS NA ATIVIDADE DA PECTINAMETILESTERASE DE BERINJELA (Solanum melongena L.

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LEONARDO CARDELLO

2009-07-01

Full Text Available

RESUMO: Pectinametilesterase (E. C. 3.1.1.11, parcialmente purificada, teve sua atividade reduzida na presença de cloreto de mercúrio e p-cloromercuriobenzoato. A incubação prévia de enzima com cisteína protegeu-a da inibição causada pelo cloreto de mercúrio. Este reagente, no entanto, reverteu apenas parcialmente a atividade da PME previamente inibida pelo cloreto de mercúrio. Apesar disso, uma reversão total da inibição pelo cloreto de mercúrio foi obtida com NaCl 0,6 M. Os resultados sugerem que grupo(s SH essencial(is para a atividade da PME parece(m estar localizado(s fora do sítio ativo da enzima. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Pectinametilesterase; berinjela; grupo sulfidrila; grupo tiol.

Evaluation of testosterone serum levels in testicular interstitial fluid under thyroxine influence; Avaliacao da testosterona no fluido intersticial testicular sob influencia da tiroxina

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Isvania Maria S. da; Pereira, Simey de L.S.; Souza, Grace Mary L.; Carvalho, Elaine F.M.B.; Catanho, Maria Teresa J. de A. [Pernambuco Univ., Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Biofisica e Radiobiologia; Silveira, Maria de Fatima G. da [Pernambuco Univ., Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Anatomia; Lima Filho, Guilherme L. [Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Nazare da Mata, PE (Brazil). Faculdade de Formacao de Professores

2000-07-01

The thyroid hormones possibly exert a reciprocal action between testicular steroids and Sertoli's cells during the premature period. This work aims to evaluate thyroxine effect on testosterone serum levels and in the testicular interstitial fluid (TIF) in rats. Wistar males rats, 22 days old, 80g of body weight, were induced to hyperthyroidism with thyroxine (20{mu}g/kg) in periods of 5, 10, 15 and 20 consecutive days. After the treatment the animals were weighed and sacrificed for blood and testis collection. From the blood serum and from the TIF drained from the testis were performed testes in order to obtain testosterone attached to {sup 125} I with a specific activity of 36,86 MBq/ig. The results have shown a testosterone significant lineal increase in both - serum and TIF - in the group treated with thyroxine as a time function. In the control group, testosterone levels remained low in both serum and TIF dosages. As a result, we were able to verify that the testosterone levels could be modified by thyroxine in serum and TIF. And so, it could affect luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in hypophysis. (author)

Recovery of testicular blood flow following ligation of testicular vessels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pascual, J.A.; Villanueva-Meyer, J.; Salido, E.; Ehrlich, R.M.; Mena, I.; Rajfer, J.

1989-01-01

To determine whether initial ligation of the testicular vessels of the high undescended testis followed by a delayed secondary orchiopexy is a viable alternative to the classical Fowler-Stephens procedure, a series of preliminary experiments were conducted in the rat in which testicular blood flow was measured by the 133-xenon washout technique before, and 1 hour and 30 days after ligation of the vessels. In addition, testicular histology, and testis and sex-accessory tissue weights were measured in 6 control, 6 sham operated and 6 testicular vessel ligated rats 54 days after vessel ligation. The data demonstrate that ligation and division of the testicular blood vessels produce an 80 per cent decrease in testicular blood flow 1 hour after ligation of the vessels. However, 30 days later testis blood flow returns to the control and pre-treatment value. There were no significant changes in testis or sex-accessory tissue weights 54 days after vessel ligation. Histologically, 4 of the surgically operated testes demonstrated necrosis of less than 25 per cent of the seminiferous tubules while 1 testis demonstrated more than 75 per cent necrosis. The rest of the tubules in all 6 testes demonstrated normal spermatogenesis. From this study we conclude that initial testicular vessel ligation produces an immediate decrease in testicular blood flow but with time the collateral vessels are able to compensate and return the testis blood flow to its normal pre-treatment value. These preliminary observations lend support for the concept that initial ligation of the testicular vessels followed by a delayed secondary orchiopexy in patients with a high undescended testis may be a possible alternative to the classical Fowler-Stephens approach

Aspectos neuroquimicos do parkinsonismo: revisão da literatura

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James Pitagoras de Mattos

1982-09-01

Full Text Available Os autores fazem revisão da literatura sobre os dados neuroquímicos até agora encontrados na síndrome parkinsoniana. Analisam as alterações das concentrações da dopamina, da acetilcolina, da serotonina, da noradrenalina, de enzimas, do ácido neuroamínico e de alguns metais e amino-ácidos, concluindo pela provável existência de defeito neuroquimico mais generalizado na condição em apreço.

Crescimento foliar e atividades das enzimas antioxidativas em plântulas de girassol suplementadas com percolado de aterro sanitário e submetidas a estresse hídrico

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Francisco Holanda Nunes Junior

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Em regiões áridas ou semiáridas, a escassez hídrica tem sido um dos principais fatores limitantes da produção agrícola. Diante disso, o presente trabalho objetivou analisar os efeitos da aplicação de percolado de aterro sanitário no crescimento foliar (número de folhas e área foliar e as atividades das enzimas antioxidativas: superóxido dismutase (SOD, catalase (CAT, peroxidase do ascorbato (APX e peroxidase do guaiacol (GPX em folhas e raízes de plântulas de girassol submetidas às condições de estresse hídrico. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, disposto em arranjo fatorial dois (irrigadas ou não irrigadas x quatro (areia; areia + adubo orgânico 100 kg N ha-1; areia + percolado de aterro sanitário 100 kg N ha-1; areia + percolado de aterro sanitário 150 kg N ha-1, com cinco repetições. Em relação aos parâmetros foliares, o tratamento 100 kg N ha-1 suplementado com percolado de aterro sanitário obteve os melhores incrementos no número de folhas e área foliar. Além disso, verificaram-se aumentos nas atividades das enzimas antioxidativas em folhas e raízes de plântulas de girassol suplementadas com percolado de aterro sanitário, sendo provável que as reduções dos efeitos deletérios do estresse hídrico nas variáveis foliares dos tratamentos suplementados com percolado de aterro sanitário tenham ocorrido em virtude das maiores atividades das enzimas antioxidativas, especialmente as da CAT nas folhas e GPX nas raízes.

Physiological quality and amylase enzyme expression in maize seeds Qualidade fisiológica e expressão das enzimas amilases em sementes de milho

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Gustavo Evangelista Oliveira

2013-02-01

Full Text Available The physiological quality of maize seeds is affected by the genotype. Thus, the study of expression of genes associated with this characteristic is important in the genotype selection process in breeding programs. The aim of this research was to study the expression of amylase enzymes associated with physiological quality of maize seeds with different genotypes and seed sizes. We further sought to assess the expression of these enzymes in dry and soaked seeds The experiment was conducted in the experimental area and the Central Seed Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture of the Universidade Federal de Lavras. Seeds of four maize inbred lines were used, classified in two sizes. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated by means of germination, seedling emergence, seedling emergence speed index and accelerated aging test. Expression of the alpha amylase enzyme was evaluated by the electrophoresis technique and expression of the alpha amylase B73, alpha amylase (LOC542522 and beta amylase 5 (amyb5 genes was studied by the qRT-PCR technique in dry and soaked seeds of the inbred lines. There is differentiated expression of amylase enzymes in maize seeds of inbred lines with different levels of physiological quality. higher expression of amylase enzymes is observed in soaked maize seeds. The expression of transcripts is higher in smaller as wellas in soaked maize seeds of inbred lines.A qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho é influenciada pelo genótipo. Assim, o estudo da expressão de genes associados a essa característica é importante no processo de seleção de genótipos em programas de melhoramento. O objetivo neste trabalho foi estudar a expressão das enzimas amilases associadas à qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho, de diferentes genótipos e tamanhos de sementes. Objetivou-se ainda avaliar a expressão dessas enzimas em sementes secas e embebidas. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental e no

Morfologia testicular de ratos Wistar obesos sedentários e submetidos a treinamento físico = Testicular morphology in obese and sedentary Wistar rats submitted to physical training

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Ken Sekine Takashiba

2011-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar morfologicamente os efeitos da dieta de cafeteria e o treinamento físico em esteira sobre o testículo de ratos Wistar. Ratos machos adultos foram divididos em grupos (sedentário-controle; sedentário-cafeteria; treinado-controle; e treinadocafeteria. Para comprovar a instalação da obesidade calculou-se o índice de Lee e o peso dos tecidos adiposos periepididimal e retroperitoneal. A análise testicular envolveu o peso da gônada e após processamento histológico e coloração por Hematoxilina-Eosina, os parâmetros de diâmetro tubular, altura do epitélio seminífero, identificação dos tipos celulares presentes nos túbulos seminíferos, contagem de células e rendimento geral da espermatogênese. O aumento significativo do Índice de Lee e do peso dos tecidos adiposos, nos grupos que receberam dieta de cafeteria, comprovou a instalação da obesidade e indicou ser este um modelo adequado para induzir obesidade experimental. Não houve efeito da dieta ou do treinamento sobre o peso testicular, diâmetro tubular e altura do epitélio seminífero não havendo também diferenças na organização histológica dos testículos e túbulos seminíferos. Após quantificação celular e cálculo dos índices mitótico e meiótico e da capacidade total de suporte das células de Sertoli, verificamos efeito positivo do treinamento físico, independente da dieta recebida, sobre o rendimento geral da espermatogênese.The aim of this study was to morphologically evaluate the effects of the cafeteria diet and physical training on the testicles of adult Wistar rats. Adult male rats were divided into groups (sedentary-control, sedentary-cafeteria, trained-control, and trainedcafeteriaIn order to state the obesity condition both the Lee index and the weight of retroperitoneal and periepididymal adipose tissues were calculated. The testicular analysis involved the gonad weight and after the histological processing

Testicular cancer and male infertility.

Science.gov (United States)

Paduch, Darius A

2006-11-01

Testicular cancer and infertility affect a similar age group of patients and have common biologic, epidemiologic, and environmental backgrounds. In this review, we provide current literature on links between infertility and testicular cancer, and new developments in the management of testicular cancer aimed at improving quality of life in men with testicular cancer. In-utero environmental exposure to endocrine disruptors modulates the genetically determined fate of primitive gonad and results in testicular dysgenesis syndrome, which may result in infertility and testicular cancer. Excellent response of testicular cancer to radiation and chemotherapy results in over 90% of survival and quality of life--fertility and sexual function--is of significant concern to patients and clinicians. The testicular-sparing management of testicular masses emerges as a sound alternative to radical orchiectomy and allows for preservation of spermatogenesis and hormonal function, and at the same time achieving similar survival rates. Secondary malignancies, pulmonary, and cardiovascular complications are recognized as late complications of treatment for testicular cancer. Better understanding of common mechanisms involved in infertility and testicular cancer, and scientifically driven evidence-based treatment options should improve quality of life in young men faced with this potentially life-threatening disease.

Estudo da produção do suco clarificado de cajá (Spondias lutea L.

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SILVA Antonio de Pádua Valença da

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Cajás ( Spondias lutea L., oriundos do município de Maranguape, Ceará, Brasil, foram processados em nível de escala-piloto para obtenção de suco clarificado através do emprego de enzimas pectinolíticas e agentes clarificantes. Aplicaram-se 120ppm de enzima pectinolítica (Pectinex Ultra SP-L na polpa para obtenção do suco polposo e, em seguida, 500ppm de enzima pectinolítica (Pectinex-AR no suco extraído, utilizando-se a "Prova do álcool" como indicador da presença de pectina. Para o processo de clarificação do suco foram utilizados, como agentes clarificantes, 400ppm de gelatina e 500ppm de sílica sol. A "Prova do excesso e/ou da insuficiência de clarificação", bem como a "Prova de estabilidade" mostraram resultados negativos, indicando a eficiência do processo de clarificação.

Hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular system following testicular X-irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Verjans, H.L.; Eik-Nes, K.B.

1976-01-01

Testes of adult, male rats were exposed to a total dose of 1500 R of X-irradiation. Testicular weight decreased from day 8 after X-ray treatment. This decrease was, however, precded by an increment of the testis weight on day 4 following treatment. X-ray treatment of testes was associated with significant increase in serum FSH. Testicular irradiation had, however, no effect on ventral prostate and seminal vesicles weights. Serum testosterone increased only on day 1, 2 and 4 after irradiation, while serum LH levels tended to increase from day 8 post-irradiation. These changes were not significant, however, when compared with non-irradiated controls. At 7, 13 and 20 days following 1500 R of bilateral, testicular X-irradiation, the hypothalamic-pituitary unit was still capable of responding to exogenous gonadotrophin releasing factor. Serum FSH may in male rats be regulated at least partly by circulating steroids of testicular origin and partly by an unknown factor of non-interstitial cell nature. (author)

Testicular calculus: A rare case.

Science.gov (United States)

Sen, Volkan; Bozkurt, Ozan; Demır, Omer; Tuna, Burcin; Yorukoglu, Kutsal; Esen, Adil

2015-01-01

Testicular calculus is an extremely rare case with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. To our knowledge, here we report the third case of testicular calculus. A 31-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with painful solid mass in left testis. After diagnostic work-up for a possible testicular tumour, he underwent inguinal orchiectomy and histopathologic examination showed a testicular calculus. Case hypothesis: Solid testicular lesions in young adults generally correspond to testicular cancer. Differential diagnosis should be done carefully. Future implications: In young adults with painful and solid testicular mass with hyperechogenic appearance on scrotal ultrasonography, testicular calculus must be kept in mind in differential diagnosis. Further reports on this topic may let us do more clear recommendations about the etiology and treatment of this rare disease.

Estudo da produção do suco clarificado de cajá (Spondias lutea L.)

OpenAIRE

SILVA,Antonio de Pádua Valença da; MAIA,Geraldo Arraes; OLIVEIRA,Gerardo Sérgio Francelino de; FIGUEIREDO,Raimundo Wilane de; BRASIL,Isabella Montenegro

1999-01-01

Cajás ( Spondias lutea L.), oriundos do município de Maranguape, Ceará, Brasil, foram processados em nível de escala-piloto para obtenção de suco clarificado através do emprego de enzimas pectinolíticas e agentes clarificantes. Aplicaram-se 120ppm de enzima pectinolítica (Pectinex Ultra SP-L) na polpa para obtenção do suco polposo e, em seguida, 500ppm de enzima pectinolítica (Pectinex-AR) no suco extraído, utilizando-se a "Prova do álcool" como indicador da presença de pectina. Para o proces...

Studies of testicular function after treatment for testicular tumor, 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Furuhata, Akihiko; Ogawa, Katsuaki; Hosaka, Masahiko; Sugawara, Toshimichi.

1985-01-01

Recently, the treatment for testicular tumor has improved. Preservation of testicular function in the treatment of testicular tumor is important, because the majority of the patients are young. We investigated the testicular function of patients with testicular tumor before, during and after treatment. As a part of this study, the fertility of patients with testicular tumor before and after treatment was evaluated. 1. Fourteen of 78 married patients (18 %) showed sterility for two or more years before treatment. 2. When semen was examined in 31 patients before treatment, only seven patients (23 %) showed normal sperm counts of more than 40 x 10 6 /ml, and 19 (61.3 %) showed oligospermia or azoospermia with sperm counts of less than 10 x 10 6 /ml. 3. Of 20 patients who underwent retroperitoneal lymphnode dissection, 15 developed ejaculation deficiency. Four other patients also developed ejaculation deficiency but recovered, and three of them rendered their wives pregnant. 4. Of 23 patients given radiotherapy, nine produced children both before and after treatment, nine produced children before treatment but showed sterility after treatment, and five showed sterility both before and after treatment. 5. Examination of semen was performed in 17 patients given radiotherapy and in five given chemotherapy. Many patients developed oligospermia or azoospermia after the treatments, but revealed a tendency to recover with time. Based on the results mentioned above, it is inferred that the ability to produce sperm in patients with testicular tumor after treatment decreases but the decrease tends to recover to normal with time. (author)

Histological evidence of testicular dysgenesis in contralateral biopsies from 218 patients with testicular germ cell cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoei-Hansen, Christina E; Holm, Mette; Rajpert-De Meyts, Ewa

2003-01-01

This study was prompted by a hypothesis that testicular germ cell cancer may be aetiologically linked to other male reproductive abnormalities as a part of the so-called 'testicular dysgenesis syndrome' (TDS). To corroborate the hypothesis of a common association of germ cell cancer with testicular...... dysgenesis, microscopic dysgenetic features were quantified in contralateral testicular biopsies in patients with a testicular germ cell tumour. Two hundred and eighty consecutive contralateral testicular biopsies from Danish patients with testicular cancer diagnosed in 1998-2001 were evaluated...... presenting with testicular germ cell neoplasms of the adolescent and young type. The findings therefore support the hypothesis that this cancer is part of a testicular dysgenesis syndrome. The presence of contralateral carcinoma in situ was higher in the present study than previously reported....

Ativação da enzima conversora de angiotensina no coração após infarto do miocárdio e suas repercussões no remodelamento ventricular

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Mill José Geraldo

1997-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar as alterações de atividade da enzima conversora de angiotensina (ECA no coração com infarto do miocárdio (IM e comparar os efeitos do captopril e losartan em parâmetros morfológicos e funcionais de ratos com IM. MÉTODOS: O IM foi produzido em ratos Wistar por ligadura de ramos da artéria coronária esquerda. Os controles (Con foram submetidos a uma cirurgia fictícia. Animais com IM e Con foram tratados com captopril (30mg/kg/dia ou losartan (15mg/kg/dia e estudados 30 dias após, determinando-se a atividade da ECA nos ventrículos direito (VD e esquerdo (VE, as alterações hemodinâmicas e as concentrações de hidroxiprolina (OH-Pro e proteína total no VD e VE. RESULTADOS: A atividade da ECA aumentou no VD (+25% e VE (+70% após IM. A maior atividade foi observada na cicatriz fibrótica, onde atingiu cerca de 4,5 vezes a do músculo do VE que sobreviveu ao IM (420±68 vs 94±8nmoles/g/min; P<0,01. O IM determinou aumento da pressão diastólica final e hipertrofia do VD e VE. Captopril e losartan foram igualmente eficazes em atenuar a hipertrofia e o aumento da pré-carga. O captopril também atenuou o aumento de OH-Pro no VD e VE após IM. O IM reduziu a concentração de proteína principalmente no músculo de VE, efeito esse acentuado pelo captopril. CONCLUSÃO: A grande atividade da ECA na cicatriz deve produzir altas concentrações de angiotensina II (AII no sangue que drena da cicatriz. Os efeitos dos inibidores da ECA seriam decorrentes, principalmente, da redução de geração local de AII, e não de aumento de cininas, uma vez que captopril e losartan exerceram efeitos similares no remodelamento pós-infarto.

Dietas à base de milho e farelo de soja suplementadas com enzimas na alimentação de frangos de corte Corn and soybean meal based diets supplemented with enzymes in feed of broiler chicken

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Delma Maria Torres

2003-02-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de verificar o efeito da adição de enzimas digestivas exógenas em dietas à base de milho e farelo de soja sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte, conduziu-se este experimento. Foram utilizados 819 pintos Hubbard em DIC e esquema fatorial 3 x 2 x 2 + 1 (enzimas, proteínas, níveis de energia e um tratamento testemunha com 3 repetições de 21 aves por parcela. Os níveis de enzimas foram 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5 g/kg de dieta, e os de proteína foram normais (21,18, 19,95 e 19,43% PB e reduzidos (20,54, 19,35 e 18,46% PB; os de energia também foram normais (3000, 3100 e 3200 kcal/kg de EM e reduzidos (2910, 3007 e 3040 kcal/kg de EM, respectivamente, para as fases inicial, de crescimento e final da criação, e para o testemunha, a ração continha níveis normais de EM e PB, sem enzimas. Os fatores avaliados foram ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e fator europeu de produção. Pelos resultados, verificou-se manutenção do desempenho zootécnico das aves em razão da aplicação de enzimas, constatado pela não significância desses fatores aos 42 dias de idade e pela melhora na conversão alimentar, redução do consumo de ração e maior fator europeu de produção aos 21 dias de idade. O estudo da interação dos níveis de enzima x proteína mostrou que a adição de 0,5 g/kg de enzima na dieta com nível de proteína reduzido resultou em maior ganho de peso das aves. Conclui-se que é viável o uso de enzimas exógenas adicionadas em rações para frangos de corte.The objective of the experiment was verify the effect of the addition of exogen digestive enzymes in corn and soybean meal based diets on performance of broiler chickens. Were used 819 Hubbard chickens in completely randomized design, and 3 x 2 x 2 + 1 check factorial (enzyme, protein and energy levels and one treatment check with 3 replications, of the 21 birds by replicate. Enzyme levels were 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg of diet, energy levels were

Desempenho de Frangos de Corte Alimentados com Dietas à Base de Milho e Farelo de Soja, com ou sem Adição de Enzimas Performance of Broilers Fed Corn Soybean Meal Based Diets, with or without Inclusion of Enzymes

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Geferson Fischer

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da inclusão de um composto multi-enzimático à base de proteases, amilases e celulases (Vegpro, adicionado na proporção de 1 kg para cada 200 kg de farelo de soja, na dieta de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 2240 pintos, fêmeas, da marca comercial Ross, submetidos a oito tratamentos, com sete repetições. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com parcelas divididas. Os tratamentos foram os seguintes: T1 (controle positivo -- ração normal, sem enzima, T2 (controle negativo -- ração com níveis energético, protéico e aminoacídico do farelo de soja, superestimados em 5%, sem enzima, T3 (ração normal, sem enzima até 28 dias, com enzima de 29 a 35 dias, T4 (ração normal, sem enzima até 21 dias, com enzima de 22 a 35 dias, T5 (ração normal, com enzima, T6 (até os 28 dias, ração normal com enzima, e ração superestimada com enzima, dos 29 aos 35 dias, T7 (ração normal, com enzima até os 21 dias e ração superestimada, com enzima, do 22º ao 35º dia e T8 (ração superestimada com enzima. Na primeira fase experimental, à exceção do T2, não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para peso corporal médio, ganho médio de peso e consumo de ração, pois não foi observado efeito da inclusão de enzima. A conversão alimentar diferiu estatisticamente a 5%. Na quarta semana experimental, novamente o T2 foi o único a diferir a 5% para peso corporal médio e ganho médio de peso. Para consumo de ração e conversão alimentar, os tratamentos não diferiram significativamente. Na última semana, foram notadas as maiores diferenças entre os tratamentos. Verificou-se que a inclusão do complexo multi-enzimático não proporcionou ganhos ao desempenho de frangos de corte.This study was run to evaluate the effect of inclusion of an enzymatic cocktail, containing proteases, amilases and cellulases (Vegpro in broiler diets. The

Testicular cancer trends as 'whistle blowers' of testicular developmental problems in populations

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Skakkebaek, N E; Rajpert-De Meyts, Ewa; Jørgensen, N

2007-01-01

Recently a worldwide rise in the incidence of testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) has been repeatedly reported. The changing disease pattern may signal that other testicular problems may also be increasing. We have reviewed recent research progress, in particular evidence gathered in the Nordic...... countries, which shows strong associations between testicular cancer, undescended testis, hypospadias, poor testicular development and function, and male infertility. These studies have led us to suggest the existence of a testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS), of which TGCC, undescended testis, hypospadias...... in TGCC rates of a population may be 'whistle blowers' of other reproductive health problems. As cancer registries are often of excellent quality - in contrast to registries for congenital abnormalities - health authorities should consider an increase in TGCC as a warning that other reproductive health...

Palmito de pupunha (Bactris gasipaes Kunth. composição mineral e cinética de enzimas oxidativas Heart of palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth.: mineral composition and kinetics of oxidative enzymes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nathália Ottoboni Galdino

2008-09-01

Full Text Available A análise da presença de enzimas oxidativas como a peroxidase (POD e a polifenoloxidase (PPO e o controle da atividade destas enzimas são importantes na preservação e no processamento de alimentos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a atividade enzimática da polifenoloxidase (PPO e da peroxidase (POD do palmito de pupunha, bem como avaliar o comportamento destas enzimas frente ao tratamento térmico e assim calcular a cinética de inativação térmica das mesmas para suas porções termorresistente e termolábil. Para a extração de peroxidase (POD e polifenoloxidase (PPO de palmito, utilizou-se solução tampão fosfato de sódio 100 mM com diferentes pHs (5,5; 6,0; 6,5 e 7,0. O melhor pH de extração da POD foi 5,5 e da PPO, 6,5. Estes extratos foram tratados em diferentes temperaturas (65, 70, 75 e 80 °C por períodos de 1 a 10 minutos. A POD e a PPO sofreram um decréscimo de 70 e 80%, respectivamente, em relação às suas atividades iniciais. As energias de ativação, nas temperaturas estudadas, para a porção termolábil e termorresistente da peroxidase foram 154,0 e 153,0 kJ.mol-1, respectivamente, enquanto que para a polifenoloxidase foram 26,3 e 27,0 kJ.mol-1, respectivamente. Resultados apresentaram valores que estão dentro da faixa de energia de ativação reportada para o processo de inativação térmica de enzimas.Analysis of oxidative enzymes such as peroxidase (POD and polyphenoloxidase (PPO and the control of the activity of these enzymes are important in food preservation and also in food processing. The aim of this work was to determine polyphenoloxidase (PPO and peroxidase (POD enzymatic activity in heart of palm, as well as to evaluate enzyme behavior during thermal treatment, determining the kinetics of thermal inactivation of the heat resistant and heat labile portions. For the extraction of peroxidase (POD and polyphenoloxidase (PPO from the heart of palm solution, 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer with

A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Testicular Microlithiasis and Incidence of Testicular Cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Tao; Liu, LuHao; Luo, JinTai; Liu, TaiSheng; Wei, AnYang

2015-04-29

There are many recent observational studies on testicular microlithiasis (TM) and risk of testicular cancer. Whether TM increases the risk of testicular cancer is still inconclusive. The objective of this updated meta-analysis was to synthesize evidence from clinical observational studies that evaluated the association between TM and testicular cancer. We identified eligible studies by searching the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library before March 2014. Adjusted relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random-or fixed-model. A total of 14 studies involving 35,578 participants were included in the meta-analysis. On the basis of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale systematic review, eleven studies were identified as relatively high-quality. TM was strong association with an increased incidence of testicular cancer (RR = 12.70, 95% CI: 8.18-19.71, P testicular cancer. More researches are warranted to clarify an understanding of the association between TM and risk of testicular cancer.

Estudo de produção enzimatica da dextrana clinica

OpenAIRE

Juan Heraldo Viloche Bazan

1993-01-01

Resumo: Este trabalho consiste na obtenção "in vitro" de dextrana clínica a partir da sacarose utilizando a enzima dextrana-sacarase obtida pela fermentação do Leuconostoc mesenteroides linhagem NRRL B512-F. A dextrana clínica, de peso molecular médio 40.000 daltons, tem sua aplicação consagrada como expansor volumétrico de sangue humano. A enzima foi produzida por fermentação e purificada usando ultrafiltração, separada com o uso de polietilenoglicol de peso molecular 1500 daltons e estocada...

Testicular microlithiasis in patients with testicular cancer in the United Kingdom and in Denmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Malene Roland; Horsfield, Catherine; Foot, Oliver

2018-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Testicular cancer is the most common type of cancer in young Caucasian men. It has been suggested that testicular microlithiasis (TML) is a premalignant condition. This study's objective was to investigate TML histology prevalence in testicular cancer patients in two European...... populations. METHODS: We analysed archived histopathology orchiectomy specimens from 152 patients diagnosed with testicular cancer at Fredericia Hospital in Denmark from 2004 to 2014, and 106 patients diagnosed at St Thomas' Hospital in London from 2011 to 2015. RESULTS: The Danish patients' median age was 37...... in seminomas than in non-seminomas.
 CONCLUSIONS: The English testicular cancer patients had a statistically significantly higher TML prevalence than the Danish patients. This observation questions the hypothesised biological association between TML and testicular 
cancer. FUNDING: The Region of Southern...

Testicular Cancer—Patient Version

Science.gov (United States)

Testicular cancer most often begins in germ cells (cells that make sperm). It is rare and is most frequently diagnosed in men 20-34 years old. Most testicular cancers can be cured, even if diagnosed at an advanced stage. Start here to find information on testicular cancer treatment, screening, and statistics.

Testicular cancer update.

Science.gov (United States)

Adra, Nabil; Einhorn, Lawrence H

2017-05-01

The advances seen in the treatment of testicular cancer are among the great achievements in modern medicine. These advances were made possible by the collaborative efforts of cancer researchers around the world. Investigators have been able to address many questions regarding the treatment of patients with disease limited to the testis, those with metastasis to the retroperitoneum only, and those with advanced metastatic disease. Questions answered include the chemotherapeutic agents to be used and in what combinations, the proper intensity of treatment and appropriate dosing, the optimal number of cycles of chemotherapy according to validated risk stratification, appropriate surgical approaches that preserve sexual function, the treatment of relapsed disease, what supportive care measures to take, and survivorship issues following treatment of testicular cancer. Today, cure is achievable in 95% of all patients with testicular cancer and 80% of those who have metastatic disease. Despite remarkable results with frontline and salvage combination chemotherapy, metastatic testicular cancer remains incurable in approximately 10% of patients, and novel treatment approaches are warranted. This review highlights past and recent discoveries in the treatment of patients with testicular cancer.

Avaliação da atividade das enzimas pectina metilesterase e β-Galactosidase em mamões cv. Golden armazenados sob diferentes concentrações de oxigênio Activity of pectin methylesterase and β-Galactosidase enzymes in 'Golden' papaya stored under different oxygen concentrations

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Luciana Konda de Azevedo Pinto

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de atmosferas controladas contendo diferentes concentrações de oxigênio sobre a atividade das enzimas β-galactosidase e pectina metilesterase, e sobre a cor da casca e a firmeza da polpa de mamões 'Golden'. Os frutos foram mantidos por 36 dias, nas seguintes atmosferas controladas: 1% de O2 e 0,03% CO2 com adsorvedor de etileno, 3% de O2 e 0,03% de CO2 com adsorvedor de etileno, 5% O2 e 0,03% de CO2 com adsorvedor de etileno e atmosfera ambiente sem adsorvedor de etileno. A UR e a temperatura foram mantidas entre 85-95% e a 13º C, respectivamente. Os frutos estocados sob atmosfera de 1% de O2 e 0,03% CO2 apresentaram retardamento nas atividades das enzimas β-galactosidase e pectina metilesterase comparado com os frutos estocados nas outras atmosferas avaliadas. Os frutos armazenados sob atmosfera de 1% de O2 e 0,03% O2 também apresentaram atraso no desenvolvimento da cor da casca e amolecimento da polpa.This study was carried out with the objective to evaluate the effect of controlled atmospheres containing different concentration of oxygen on the activity of β-galactosidase and pectinmethylesterase enzymes, on the skin color and pulp firmness in 'Golden' papaya. The fruits were kept for 36 days under the following controlled atmospheres: 1% of O2 and 0.03% CO2 with ethylene absorber, 3% of O2 and 0.03% of CO2 with ethylene absorber, 5% O2 and 0.03% of CO2 with ethylene absorber and environmental atmosphere without ethylene absorber. Relative humidity was set at the range 85-95% and temperature maintained at 13ºC. Fruit stored under atmospheres of 1% of O2 and 0.03% CO2 had a β-galactosidase and pectimethylesterase activities delayed compared with the fruits storage under the other atmospheres evaluated. There was also, a delay in the development of color and pulp softening in fruits stored under atmospheres of 1% of O2 and 0.03% O2.

Perspectiva en el desarrollo de las enzimas industriales a partir de la inteligencia tecnológica

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Óscar Fernando Castellanos Domínguez

2006-05-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo de tecnologías emergentes implica el reto permanente de utilizar nuevas herramientas de gestión tecnológica. La ingeniería de enzimas y su respectiva tecnología, en el contexto de la biotecnología, es una de las áreas del conocimiento sobre las cuales reiterativamente se plantean grandes expectativas como posible generador de ventaja competitiva en economías emergentes como la colombiana. Sin embargo, varias décadas de investigación en este campo aún no arrojan resultados importantes en la producción de enzimas y su aplicación en procesos industriales. El presente artículo se propone aplicar los componentes de un sistema de inteligencia tecnológica para el desarrollo de la tecnología de enzimas. Inicialmente se hace énfasis en los procesos de cienciometría retomados en ejercicios de mapeo de patentes, vigilancia tecnológica y evaluación de proyectos colombianos en la red ScienTI de Colciencias, realizados para las enzimas utilizadas, tanto en la industria de alimentos en la obtención de hidrolizados, como en la industria de textiles. Se documenta un ejemplo de estudio Delphi en el contexto de la prospectiva de las enzimas industriales en la biotecnología en general. Posteriormente, se evidencia el aprendizaje que se puede generar a partir del análisis de un líder del sector, a través de un benchmarking organizacional. Finalmente, retomando las bases del sistema de inteligencia tecnológica se discute su aporte a la generación de estrategias de productividad y competitividad de la aplicación de las enzimas industriales.

Testicular self-examination and testicular cancer: a cost-utility analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Aberger, Michael; Wilson, Bradley; Holzbeierlein, Jeffrey M; Griebling, Tomas L; Nangia, Ajay K

2014-12-01

The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has recommended against testicular self-examinations (TSE) or clinical examination for testicular cancer screening. However, in this recommendation there was no consideration of the significant fiscal cost of treating advanced disease versus evaluation of benign disease. In this study, a cost-utility validation for TSE was performed. The cost of treatment for an advanced-stage testicular tumor (both seminomatous and nonseminomatous) was compared to the cost of six other scenarios involving the clinical assessment of a testicular mass felt during self-examination (four benign and two early-stage malignant). Medicare reimbursements were used as an estimate for a national cost standard. The total treatment cost for an advanced-stage seminoma ($48,877) or nonseminoma ($51,592) equaled the cost of 313-330 benign office visits ($156); 180-190 office visits with scrotal ultrasound ($272); 79-83 office visits with serial scrotal ultrasounds and labs ($621); 6-7 office visits resulting in radical inguinal orchiectomy for benign pathology ($7,686) or 2-3 office visits resulting in treatment and surveillance of an early-stage testicular cancer ($17,283: seminoma, $26,190: nonseminoma). A large number of clinical evaluations based on the TSE for benign disease can be made compared to the cost of one missed advanced-stage tumor. An average of 2.4 to 1 cost benefit ratio was demonstrated for early detected testicular cancer versus advanced-stage disease. © 2014 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Actividad y expresión de enzimas convertidoras de angiotensina en neoplasias renales

OpenAIRE

Varela González, Pedro

2015-01-01

146 p. En el presente trabajo de tesis doctoral se realizó un análisis de 3 enzimas convertidoras de angiotensina (ACE, ACE2 y APA) en diferentes histotipos de neoplasias renales. Su objetivo fue conocer la implicación de estas enzimas en la carcinogénesis renal, en el desarrollo de los diferentes histotipos y en el comportamiento agresivo de estos tumores.Mediante diferentes técnicas (PCR, inmunohistoquímica, espectrofluorimetría, espectrofotometría) se analizó la expresión génica y proté...

Testicular germinal tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fresco, R.

2010-01-01

This work is about diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of testicular germinal tumors. The presumed diagnosis is based in the anamnesis, clinical examination, testicular ultrasound and tumor markers. The definitive diagnosis is obtained through the inguinal radical orchidectomy

Public awareness of testicular cancer and testicular self-examination in academic environments: a lost opportunity

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Henry A. A. Ugboma

2011-01-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Although testicular cancer is the most common cancer among 18- to 50-year-old males, healthcare providers seldom teach testicular self-examination techniques to clients, thus potentially missing opportunities for early detection. This form of cancer is easily diagnosable by testicular self-examination and is 96% curable if detected early. Periodic self-examination must be performed for early detection. Knowledge deficits and sociocultural norms contribute to low levels of health-related knowledge in most patients, resulting in undue delays before seeking medical advice. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to assess the level of awareness of testicular cancer and the prevalence of the practice of testicular self-examination in academic environments to enable appropriate interventions. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 750 consecutive males aged 18-50 years in three tertiary institutions in Port Harcourt from October 2008 to April 2009. RESULT: Knowledge or awareness of testicular cancer was poor. Almost all of the respondents were unaware that testicular lumps may be signs of cancer. A lump was typically construed as a benign carbuncle or something that could resolve spontaneously. The main factor contributing to respondents' lack of knowledge of testicular cancer was that few reported that they were "ever taught about testicular self-examination." CONCLUSION: Young adult men are unaware of their risk for testicular cancer, which is the most common neoplasm in this age group. Healthcare providers are not informing them of this risk, nor are they teaching them the simple early detection technique of self-examination of the testes.

ALTERACIONES EN LA PRODUCCIÓN mRNA DE ENZIMAS INTESTINALES DE CERDOS DURANTE VARIOS PERÍODOS POSDESTETE ALTERAÇÕES NA PRODUÇÃO DE mRNA DE ENZIMAS INTESTINAIS DOS SUINOS DURANTE DIVERSOS PERÍODOS APOS O DESMAME ALTERATIONS IN THE PRODUCTION mRNA OF INTESTINAL ENZYMES IN PIGS DURING SEVERAL POSTWEANING PERIODS

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CAROLINA MONTOYA R.

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la expresión génica de enzimas a nivel de enterocito de cerdos durante el período posdestete. El trabajo de campo se realizó con 16 cerdos destetados a los 21 días de edad en el Centro San Pablo, perteneciente a la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Los animales fueron alimentados durante 10 días con una dieta basal que tuvo como componentes leche y algunos de sus derivados, y que además cumplía con todos los mínimos nutricionales. Los cerdos se sacrificaron escalonadamente los días 1, 5, 7 y 10 posdestete. Se realizó extracción completa del intestino delgado, el cual fue dividido en tres secciones (duodeno, yeyuno e íleon. Se evaluó la expresión génica de las enzimas digestivas por RT-PCR. El diseño estadístico empleado fue completamente al azar. Para las enzimas intestinales se presentaron disminuciones significativas, donde el día cinco posdestete presentó los menores valores(PO objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a expressão dos genes das aminopeptidases e dissacaridasesaonível do enterocito de suinos durante períodos apos o desmame. A experiência foi conduzida no centro de produção de San Pablo da Universidade Nacional de Colômbia (Medellín com 16 suinos desmamados aos 21 dias de vida. Os animais foram alimentados por 10 diascomuma dieta básica comleite e alguns de seus derivados, e aquele igualmente cumpriu todos os requisitos mínimos nutricionaís. Os suinos foram eutanasiados nos dias 1, 5, 7 y 10 pós-desmame. A extração completa do intestino pequeno foi realizada, que foi dividido emtrêsseções (duodeno, jejum e íleo. A expressão dos genes das enzimas digestivas por RT-PCR foi avaliada. O delineamento estatístico empregado foi completamente ao acaso. Para as enzimas intestinais as diminuições significativas foram apresentadas, onde no quinto diaapos o desmame apresentou os valores mais baixos (P0.01. O desmame precoce altera a expressão molecular das

Efeito da alta pressão hidrostática na atividade de enzimas da polpa de açaí High hydrostatic pressure effect on enzyme activity of açai pulp

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Ellen Mayra da Silva Menezes

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O Brasil vem conquistando o mercado externo de sucos de frutos tropicais, com destaque para o açaí, muito procurado por ser conhecido como um alimento funcional, devido à concentração de antocianinas, fibras dietéticas e ácidos graxos monoinsaturados. Entretanto, o açaí é altamente perecível, necessitando de intervenções tecnológicas para prolongar sua vida de prateleira. Nesse caso, o uso da Alta Pressão Hidrostática (APH pode ser uma alternativa aos processamentos tradicionais, por sua capacidade de ativar ou inativar enzimas. Peroxidases (POD e polifenoloxidases (PFO são as principais enzimas responsáveis por alterações indesejáveis das características originais de produtos vegetais e, com a sua inativação pela APH, pode-se evitar o escurecimento enzimático e manter as suas propriedades sensoriais. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da APH em POD e PFO de polpa de açaí, adotaram-se as variáveis de pressão, temperatura e tempo. As atividades enzimáticas expressas em percentuais revelaram a POD mais estável, atingindo percentuais próximos a 100% (controle. As menores atividades foram a 90,74%, e quando se aplicaram 300 e 500 MPa a 25 °C por 5 minutos, as atividades aumentaram (112,34 e 132,98%, respectivamente. A atividade da PFO aumentou até 83,03% em relação ao controle, embora apresentasse inativação na maioria dos processos, evidenciando-se atividade a 35 °C/5 minutos de 53,25 e 53,75% a 300 e 500 MPa, respectivamente. Diante das condições experimentais, a APH mostrou-se eficaz na inativação parcial de oxidases na polpa de açaí.Brazil has been conquering tropical fruit juice international market , especially with açaí (native fruit with the highest penetration in the international, considered a functional food for its anthocyanin, dietetic fibe, and monounsaturated fat content. However, açaí is very perishable, so the use of technology is needed in order to ensure long shelf life. In this

Avaliação da atividade da superóxido dismutase e catalase de Candida albicans e Candida dubliniensis expostas a antineoplásicos, íons metálicos e antifúngicos

OpenAIRE

Carlos Eduardo Blanco Linares

2009-01-01

A atividade de catalase em Candida albicans tem sido sugerida como um mecanismo de resistência ao antifúngico anfotericina B. Neste contexto, poucos são os estudos de enzimas como catalase e superóxido dismutase em leveduras do gênero Candida expostas a diferentes situações. Assim, este estudo teve por objetivo investigar o efeito da exposição de Candida a antineoplásicos, íons metálicos e antifúngicos como fluconazol e anfotericina B sobre a atividade dessas enzimas. Os resultados apontaram ...

Morfometria testicular durante o ciclo reprodutivo de Dendropsophus minutus (Peters (Anura, Hylidae Testicular morphometry during the reproductive cycle of Dendropsophus minutus (Peters (Anura, Hylidae

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Lia R. de S. Santos

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Este estudo descreve o ciclo reprodutivo de machos de Dendropsophus minutus (Peters, 1872 com base na análise da morfometria testicular e a correlação com parâmetros climáticos. Cinqüenta indivíduos foram coletados em São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. Após as análises macroscópicas, os testículos foram encaminhados à rotina histológica, fixados com Bouin e incluídos em historesina. Cortes de 2 µm foram corados com azul de toluidina 1% e observados ao microscópio. Testículos de D. minutus são órgãos pequenos (comprimento 1,90 ± 0,13 mm, esbranquiçados, com forma oval e encontrados na cavidade abdominal. Estão localizados na extremidade cranial dos rins e apresentam assimetria quanto a sua posição. Estatisticamente não há variação intra-individual no comprimento e no peso dos testículos, bem como na área e diâmetro dos lóculos seminíferos. Quanto à histologia testicular, foi possível identificar ao longo do ano nos lóculos seminíferos, todos os tipos celulares da linhagem espermatogênica, caracterizando uma gametogênese contínua, corroborada por fatores ecológicos e comportamentais. Informações sobre a morfometria testicular e ciclo reprodutivo tem importante valor biológico para anuros de regiões neotropicais.This study describes the male reproductive cycle of Dendropsophus minutus (Peters, 1872 based on testicular morphometric analysis, related to climatic conditions. Fifty individuals where collected in São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. After macroscopic analysis, the testes were submitted to histological routine, fixed with Bouin, embedded in historesin. Sections of 2 µm were stained with 1% toluidine blue and observed to the microscope. The testes of D. minutus are small organs (length 1.90 ± 0.13 mm, whitish, oviform and found in the abdominal cavity. They are located in the cranial extremity of the kidneys and present asymmetry as far as position. According to statistical analyses, there

Contribuição ao estudo da vascularização arterial do testículo de búfalos da raça Murrah

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Milton Passipieri

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Estudamos o comportamento da artéria testicular, o número e a distribuição dos vasos penetrantes em 30 pares de testículos de búfalos da raça Murrah (Bubalus bubalis, com idade entre 8 meses e 5 anos, procedentes da região de Ilha Solteira, no Estado de São Paulo, mediante a análise de moldes obtidos pela injeção de vinil, na artéria testicular e em seguida corrosão do órgão em ácido sulfúrico a 30%. Encontramos mais freqüentemente (68,4% a artéria testicular cedendo dois ramos, o cranial e o caudal, com participação equivalente de ambos os ramos na vascularização do órgão (35,0%, ou com predominância do ramo cranial (21,7% ou do ramo caudal (11,7%. Em outros arranjos, a artéria testicular cede três ramos: o cranial, o médio e o caudal (20,0% ou ainda número variável de ramos craniais (4 a 7 e caudais (3 a 5 (11,6% para a vascularização arterial do testículo.

Testicular growth and development in puberty.

Science.gov (United States)

Koskenniemi, Jaakko J; Virtanen, Helena E; Toppari, Jorma

2017-06-01

To describe pubertal testicular growth in humans, changes in testicular cell populations that result in testicular growth, and the role of testosterone and gonadotrophins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in testicular growth. When human data were not available, studies in nonhuman primates and/or rodents were used as surrogates. Testicular growth in puberty follows a sigmoidal growth curve, with a large variation in timing of testicular growth and adult testicular volume. Testicular growth early in puberty is due to increase in Sertoli cell number and length of seminiferous tubules, whereas the largest and fastest growth results from the increase in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules first due to spermatogonial proliferation and then due to the expansion of meiotic and haploid germ cells. FSH stimulates Sertoli cell and spermatogonial proliferation, whereas LH/testosterone is mandatory to complete spermatogenesis. However, FSH and LH/testosterone work in synergy and are both needed for normal spermatogenesis. Testicular growth during puberty is rapid, and mostly due to germ cell expansion and growth in seminiferous tubule diameter triggered by androgens. Pre-treatment with FSH before the induction of puberty may improve the treatment of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, but remains to be proven.

Influência do estrógeno e do interferon γ sobre a expressão da indoleamina-2,3-dioxigenase em cultura de células de placenta e embriões de ratas Wistar

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Maria Letícia Baptista Salvadori

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A indoleamina 2,3-dioxigenase (IDO é uma enzima responsável por catabolizar o aminoácido triptofano. Sua presença no ambiente uterino placentário está relacionada à tolerância imunológica ao semi-aloenxerto, pois impede a proliferação de células imunológicas maternas, seja pela falta do aminoácido, ou pela ação de alguns catabólitos oriundos da quebra do triptofano, como o ácido quinolínico, que é tóxico principalmente para os linfócitos T. Pouco se conhece sob a influência de substâncias (hormônios e citocinas presentes na interface materno fetal e a expressão dessa enzima. Por esta razão, formulou-se a hipótese de que hormônios e interleucinas presentes na região uteroplacentária poderiam exercer algum efeito na expressão da IDO. Células oriundas da interface materno fetal de ratas Wistar foram mantidas em cultivo, onde receberam suplementação com estradiol e interferon-γ. A expressão da enzima foi avaliada pela técnica de citometria de fluxo nos períodos de 4, 24 e 48 horas e confirmação da presença proteica por imuno-histoquímica. Os resultados mostraram um aumento na expressão de IDO após a adição de estrógeno (9,03±0,81/11,25±0,25 e interferon-γ (9,03±0,81/20,43±0,60. O efeito do interferon-γ já era esperado como relatado na literatura, contudo, a elevação da expressão da IDO pela adição do estrógeno constitui nova informação sobre possíveis mecanismos envolvidos na ativação da enzima. O melhor esclarecimento desses achados poderia contribuir para uma melhor compreensão da participação dessa enzima na tolerância materno-fetal e para uma futura modulação terapêutica da mesma.

Varicocele and testicular function

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Alexander W Pastuszak

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Testicular varicocele, a dilation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus thought to increase testicular temperature via venous congestion, is commonly associated with male infertility. Significant study has clarified the negative impact of varicocele on semen parameters and more recent work has shed light on its detrimental effects on the molecular and ultrastructural features of sperm and the testicular microenvironment, as well as more clearly defined the positive impacts of treatment on couples′ fertility. The relationship between varicocele and testicular endocrine function, while known for some time based on histologic evaluation, has become more apparent in the clinical setting with a growing link between varicocele and hypogonadism. Finally, in the pediatric setting, while future study will clarify the impact of varicocele on fertility and testicular function, recent work supports a parallel effect of varicocele in adolescents and adults, suggesting a re-evaluation of current treatment approaches in light of the progressive nature of the condition and potential increased risk of future disease.

TESTICULAR BIOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS IN SANTA INÊS SHEEP SUBMITTED TO PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION AND ANTI-HELMINTH TREATMENTS CARACTERÍSTICAS BIOMÉTRICAS TESTICULARES EM CARNEIROS SANTA INÊS SUBMETIDOS A DIFERENTES REGIMES DE SUPLEMENTAÇÃO PROTÉICA E TRATAMENTOS ANTI-HELMÍNTICOS

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Helder Louvandini

2008-10-01

Full Text Available

Biometric testicular traits were evaluated on 24 entire male Santa Inês lambs, with mean initial weight of 24.5 kg ± 2.88. These were distributed in four treatments (n=6: HPv (animals drenched + high protein concentrate, HPn: (animals not drenched + high protein concentrate, LPv: (animals drenched + low protein concentrate, LPn: (animals not drenched + low protein concentrate for eight and a half months. Before slaughter testicular measurements were taken in situ. Scrotal perimeter (SC was measured using tape as well as length (LENG and width (WID using calipers. Testicular shape and volume (using prolate and cylinder equation were calculated. After slaughter the measurements were taken in vitro. Real testicle volume (VOLR was measured using water displacement. Length (LENGV and width (WIDV were measured with calipers after skin removal. The testicles were symmetrical and calipers were an accurate means of in situ measurement of the testicle size. The form of the testicles affected the volume. The average of the prolate sphere and cylinder equations gave the best estimate for real testicle volume. High protein levels in the diet accompanied by antihelminth treatment led to higher body weight in the sheep, this being the main factor for variation in testicle biometric traits.

Enzimas fibrolíticas exógenas en la digestibilidad in vitro de cinco ecotipos de Brachiaria

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Juan H. Avellaneda-Cevallos

2007-01-01

Full Text Available En zi mas fi bro lí ti cas exó ge nas en la di ges ti bi li dad in vi tro de cin co eco ti pos de Bra chia ria. Este experimento se llevó a cabo en la Estación Experimental del Colegio de Postgraduados, en Montecillo, Estado de México, México, durante el 25 abril y el 27 noviembre de 2002. Se usó la primera fase de la técnica de Tilley y Terry (3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h incubación con el objetivo de medir el efecto de un compuesto enzimático fibrolítico exógeno (enzima; Fibrozyme®; 0 y 1,5 g enzima/kg MS en la digestibilidad in vitro (DIV de MS, FDN y FDA de henos de cinco ecotipos de Brachiaria [brizantha var. Toledo (BT; ruziziensis x decumbens CIAT 46024 (RD; decumbens var. Señal (DS; ruziziensis x brizantha CIAT 36061 cv. Mulato (RBM; brizantha var. Insurgente (BI]. La DIVMS a las 48 y 72 h, para 0 y 1,5 g enzima, fue mayor (p<0,05 para los ecotipos BT y BI, respecto a RD, DS y RBM. La DIVFDN a las 48 y 72 h, para 0 y 1,5 g enzima, fue mayor (p<0,05 para BT y BI, respecto a RD, DS y RBM. La enzima aumentó (p<0,05 la DIVFDN sólo para el ecotipo RD a las 72 h; además, incrementó la DIVFDA para BT a 12 h; BT y DS a 24 h; BT, RD y BI a 48 h. Por tanto, las enzimas fibrolíticas aumentaron la digestibilidad in vitro de la pared celular de cinco ecotipos de Brachiaria.

Polimorfismo genético da glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase na população da região de Araraquara, Estado de São Paulo

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Rosecler Inácia de Paula Ferreira

2014-08-01

Full Text Available A importância da enzima Glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase (G6PD no metabolismo eritrocitário está na obtenção de energia calórica e redutora para a proteção celular contra agressões oxidativas. A deficiência de G6PD é a eritroenzimopatia que causa mais frequentemente anemia hemolítica, com mais de 130 variantes moleculares identificadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a análise molecular da deficiência de G6PD em uma população masculina adulta da região de Araraquara, SP, para a identificação das mutações genéticas. Nos 5087 doadores de sangue do sexo masculino pesquisados, foram encontrados 89 deficientes de G6PD, confirmados pela determinação da atividade enzimática e eletroforese em acetato de celulose, com frequência de 1,75%, valores semelhantes aos encontrados por outros pesquisadores no Estado de São Paulo. A análise molecular realizada pela amplificação do DNA genômico com iniciadores específicos e digestão com enzimas de restrição, demonstrou que 96,6% dos deficientes apresentaram a variante G6PD A¯, com as mutações 376(A→G e 202(G→A e atividade enzimática média de 1,31 UI.g de Hb-1.min-1 a 37º C, correspondendo a 10,8% da atividade enzimática da enzima normal G6PD B. Não foram encontradas as formas variantes G6PD A¯ 680(G→T e 968(T→C. Em 3,4% dos indivíduos deficientes, foi encontrada a variante G6PD Mediterrânea, mutação 563(C→T e atividade enzimática média de 0,25 UI.g de Hb-1.min-1 a 37ºC, correspondendo a 2,1% da atividade enzimática da G6PD B. A utilização das técnicas tradicionais, aliadas à identificação da variante molecular, são importantes na compreensão das propriedades estruturais, funcionais e comportamento hemolítico dos glóbulos vermelhos do paciente.

Epidemiology of testicular cancer: an overview.

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Garner, Michael J; Turner, Michelle C; Ghadirian, Parviz; Krewski, Daniel

2005-09-01

Testicular cancer is a rare disease, accounting for 1.1% of all malignant neoplasms in Canadian males. Despite the low overall incidence of testicular cancer, it is the most common malignancy among young men. The incidence rate of testicular cancer has been increasing since the middle of the 20th century in many western countries. However, the etiology of testicular cancer is not well understood. A search of the peer-reviewed literature was conducted to identify important articles for review and inclusion in this overview of the epidemiology of testicular cancer. Most of the established risk factors are related to early life events, including cryptorchidism, carcinoma in situ and in utero exposure to estrogens. Occupational, lifestyle, socioeconomic and other risk factors have demonstrated mixed associations with testicular cancer. Although there are few established risk factors for testicular cancer, some appear to be related to hormonal balance at various life stages. Lifestyle and occupational exposures occurring later in life may play a role in promoting the disease, although they are not likely involved in cancer initiation. In addition to summarizing the current epidemiologic evidence on risk factors for testicular cancer, we suggest future research directions that may elucidate the etiology of testicular cancer.

Effect of neonatal or adult heat acclimation on plasma fT3 level, testicular thyroid receptors expression in male rats and testicular steroidogenesis in vitro in response to triiodothyronine treatment.

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Kurowicka, B; Chrusciel, M; Zmijewska, A; Kotwica, G

2016-01-01

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat acclimation of neonatal and adult rats on their testes response to in vitro treatment with triiodothyronine (T3). Four groups of rats were housed from birth as: 1) control (CR) at 20°C for 90 days, 2) neonatal heat-acclimated (NHA) at 34°C for 90 days, 3) adult heat-acclimated (AHA) at 20°C for 45 days followed by 45 days at 34°C and 4) de-acclimated (DA) at 34°C for 45 days followed by 45 days at 20°C. Blood plasma and both testes were harvested from 90-day old rats. Testicular slices were then submitted to in vitro treatment with T3 (100 ng/ml) for 8 h. Plasma fT3 level was lower in AHA, NHA and DA groups than in CR group. Basal thyroid hormone receptor α1 (Thra1) expression was higher in testes of NHA and DA and β1 receptor (Thrb1) in DA rats vs. other groups. In the in vitro experiment, T3: 1) decreased Thra1 expression in all groups and Thrb1 in DA group, 2) increased Star expression in CR, NHA and DA groups, and Hsd17b3 expression in NHA group, 3) decreased the expression of Cyp11a1 in NHA and DA groups, and Cyp19a1 in all the groups, 4) did not affect the activity of steroidogenic enzymes and steroid secretion (A4, T, E2) in all the groups. These results indicate, that heat acclimation of rats, depending on their age, mainly affects the testicular expression of steroidogenic enzymes in response to short-lasting treatment with T3.

Testicular biopsy in psittacine birds (Psittaciformes): impact of endoscopy and biopsy on health, testicular morphology, and sperm parameters.

Science.gov (United States)

Hänse, Maria; Krautwald-Junghanns, Maria-Elisabeth; Reitemeier, Susanne; Einspanier, Almuth; Schmidt, Volker

2013-12-01

Histologic examination of a testicular biopsy sample may be required to evaluate the reproductive status of male psittacine birds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the viability of testicular sampling from live birds by assessing the impact on the birds' health, testicular integrity, and sperm quality. Testicular biopsy samples were obtained by endoscopy 4 times during 12 months from 9 cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) and 7 rose-ringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri). Only 2 of 16 birds showed testicular cicatrization or divided testicular tissue after a single endoscopy. Further complications, such as damage to the air sacs or bleeding, predominantly occurred in subsequent endoscopies. In both species, endoscopy and testicular biopsy caused only minor or transient effects on sperm production and sperm quality. These results support that a single testicular biopsy is a viable method for evaluating the reproductive status of male psittacine birds.

Ethylene evolution and endo-beta-mannanase activity during lettuce seed germination at high temperature Evolução de etileno e atividade da enzima endo-beta-mananase durante a germinação de sementes de alface sob altas temperaturas

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Warley Marcos Nascimento

2004-04-01

Full Text Available High temperatures during lettuce seed imbibition can delay or completely inhibit germination and the endosperm layer appears to restrict the radicle protrusion. The role of endo-beta-mannanase during lettuce seed germination at 35°C and the influence of ethylene in endo-beta-mannanase regulation were investigated. Seeds of 'Dark Green Boston' (DGB and 'Everglades' (EVE were germinated in water, or 10 mmol L-1 of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC, or 10 mmol L-1 of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, or 20 mmol L-1 of silver thiosulphate (STS. Seeds were also primed in polyethylene glycol (PEG, or PEG + ACC, PEG + AVG, or PEG + STS. Untreated seeds germinated 100% at 20°C. At 35°C, EVE seeds germinated 100%, whereas DGB seeds germinated only 33%. Seed priming or adding ACC during incubation increased germination at 35°C. Higher ethylene evolution was detected in EVE than in DGB during germination at 35°C. AVG did not inhibit seed germination of DGB at 35°C, but STS did. Higher endo-beta-mannanase activity was observed in EVE compared with DGB seeds. Providing ACC either during priming or during germination increased endo-beta-mannanase activity, whereas AVG and STS led to decreased or no activity. Ethylene may overcome the inhibitory effect of high temperature in thermosensitive lettuce seeds due to increased endo-beta-mannanase, possibly leading to weakening of the endosperm.Altas temperaturas durante a embebição das sementes de alface podem atrasar ou inibir a germinação e o endosperma parece ser o responsável na restrição da protrusão da radícula. O envolvimento da enzima endo-beta-mananase durante a germinação de sementes de alface a 35°C e a influência do etileno na regulagem desta enzima foram estudados. Sementes das cultivares Dark Green Boston (DGB e Everglades (EVE foram germinadas em água ou em soluções de 10 mmol L-1 de 1-aminociclopropano-1-ácido carboxilico (ACC, 10 mmol L-1 de amino-etoxi-vinil-glicina (AVG

Primary Testicular B-cell Lymphoma

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Aykut Buğra Şentürk

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Primary testicular lymphoma constitutes only 1-7% of all testicular neoplasms and less than 1% of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We report a 69-year-old man who presented with a painful right testicular mass. Treatment modalities consist of surgical excision, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, however there are no standardized treatment options.

Intermittent Testicular Torsion

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2017-06-02

Jun 2, 2017 ... had prior episodes of testicular pain, suggesting that they may have had intermittent torsion before .... None of the patients had antecedent history of sexual exposure, fever, or urinary tract infection .... torsion of the spermatic cord portends an increased risk of acute testicular infarction. J Urol 2008;180 4 ...

Testicular Cancer and Testicular Self-Examination; Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Final Year Medical Students in Nigeria

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Ugwumba, Fred O; Ekwueme, Osa Eloka C; Okoh, Agharighom D

2016-11-01

The testicular cancer (TCa) incidence is increasing in many countries, with age-standardized incidence rates up to 7.8/100,000 men in the Western world, although reductions in mortality and increasingly high cure rates are being witnessed at the same time. In Africa, where rates are lower, presentation is often late and morbidity and mortality high. Given this scenario, awareness of testicular cancer and practice of testicular self-examination among future first response doctors is very important. This study was conducted to determine knowledge and attitude to testicular cancer, and practice of testicular self-examination (TSE) among final (6th) year medical students. In addition, the effect of an intervention in the form of a single PowerPoint® lecture, lasting 40 minutes with image content on testicular cancer and testicular self examination was assessed. Pre and post intervention administration of a self-administered structured pre tested questionnaire was performed on 151 medical students, 101 of whom returned answers (response rate of 66.8%). In the TC domain, there was a high level of awareness of testicular cancer, but poor knowledge of the age group most affected, with significant improvement post intervention (ptesticular self-examination pre-intervention was found considering the nature of the study group..Respondents had surprisingly weak/poor responses to the question “How important to men’s health is regular testicular self-examination?” Answers to the questions “Do you think it is worthwhile to examine your testis regularly?” and “Would you be interested in more information on testicular cancer and testicular self-examination?” were also suboptimal, but improved post intervention ptesticular cancer in the curricula of medical schools and other training institutions for health care personnel. Creative Commons Attribution License

Extrato da casca de Syzygium cumini no controle da glicemia e estresse oxidativo de ratos normais e diabéticos

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Mazzanti Cinthia Melazzo

2003-01-01

Full Text Available O Syzygium cumini, também conhecido como Jambolão é amplamente utilizado na medicina popular para o tratamento da diabetes melito. Este estudo verificou a eficiência do extrato da casca de Syzygium cumini sobre os níveis glicêmicos e estresse oxidativo de ratos normais e diabéticos induzidos por aloxano. Os animais foram divididos em grupo controle (C, controle tratado (CT, diabético controle (DC e diabético tratado (DT. A administração oral do extrato aquoso da casca de Jambolão, na dose de 1g/kg de peso vivo, por um período de trinta dias, não resultou em uma redução significativa na glicemia e nos níveis de hemoglobina glicosilada. Neste estudo, o tratamento com o extrato demonstrou um aumento dos níveis de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBA-RS no plasma dos ratos do grupo DT (P<0,05, comparado com o C. A atividade da catalase nos rins dos ratos do grupo DC diminuiu significativamente (P<0,01 e no fígado houve uma elevação significativa dessa enzima no grupo DC (P<0,01. Estes resultados indicam que o extrato da casca do Jambolão não possui efeito hipoglicemiante em ratos diabéticos induzidos pelo aloxano. O efeito antioxidante desta planta não foi suficiente para diminuir significativamente a produção de TBA-RS. A diminuição da atividade da catalase nos rins pode ser devida à exaustão ou inibição desta enzima e seu aumento, no fígado, devido ao estresse oxidativo, ocasionado pelo estado diabético.

DETERMINAÇÃO DOS VALORES MÉDIOS DAS ENZIMAS AST, DHL, gGT E FAS NO SORO DE EQUINOS SADIOS EM SANTA MARIA, RS

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Sônia Terezinha dos Anjos Lopes

1993-12-01

Full Text Available Foram usados 50 eqüinos sadios provenientes do Batalhão de Polícia Montada da Brigada Militar em Santa Maria, RS, sendo 43 machos e 7 fêmeas com idade variadas a partir de 3 anos. Foram colhidos 10ml de sangue da jugular para determinação dos valores da atividade sérica das enzimas aspartato-aminotransferase (AST, desidrogenase lática (DHL, gama-glutamiltransferase (gGT e fosfatase alcalina sérica (FAS. Os resultados encontrados para AST foi de 101 - 190U/I com média de 130UI; DHL foi de 100 - 421 U/l com média de 182U/I; gGT foi de 2 - 27U/I com média de 6.5U/I e FAS foi de 103 - 335U/I com média de 190U/I. A partir de outubro/1992 estes valores passaram a ser referência no laboratório de Patologia Clínica do Hospital de Clinicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria.

Testicular Torsion (For Parents)

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... Parents Kids Teens Hernias Ultrasound: Scrotum Undescended Testicles Male Reproductive System PQ: I have a lump on one of ... to Do a Testicular Self-Exam (Slideshow) Varicocele Male Reproductive System Testicular Torsion View more About Us Contact Us ...

Cryopreservation of testicular tissue before long-term testicular cell culture does not alter in vitro cell dynamics

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baert, Yoni; Braye, Aude; Struijk, Robin B.; van Pelt, Ans M. M.; Goossens, Ellen

2015-01-01

To assess whether testicular cell dynamics are altered during long-term culture after testicular tissue cryopreservation. Experimental basic science study. Reproductive biology laboratory. Testicular tissue with normal spermatogenesis was obtained from six donors. None. Detection and comparison of

Association of testicular echogenicity, scrotal circumference, testicular volume and testosterone concentration in buffaloes

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Henry D.M. Ayala

2016-12-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT. Ayala H.D.M., Ribeiro H.F.L., Rolim Filho S.T., Silva E.V.C. & Vale W.G. Association of testicular echogenicity, scrotal circumference, testicular volume and testosterone concentration in buffaloes. [Associação entre a ecogenicidade, circunferência escrotal, volume testicular e concentração de testosterona em búfalos.] Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 38(4:334-340, 2016. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciencia Animal, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 1, Campus Universitário do Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil. E-mail wm.vale@hotmail.com This article aimed to discuss the changes in the testicular parenchyma, analyzed by the use of ultrasonography, and correlates them with the testicular biometric parameters and testosterone concentration in crossed Murrah x Mediterranean buffaloes. Nineteen buffaloes, with initial ages between 11 and 59 months,were submitted to fortnightly collections of semen for a period of six months. At each collection the testicular biometry and testicular echogenicity were evaluated as well as blood samples were also collected to measure the plasma testosterone levels. The data were submitted to analysis of variance by the GLM procedure, considering the age group fixed effect. The average data obtained were compared by the Duncan test, at 5% significance. There was a significant growth (P<0.05 of the scrotal circumference, which varied from 12.88±0.51 cmto 31.18±0.75 cm among animals aged 12 to 60 months, as well as testicular volume, which ranged from 30.28±17.37 to 611.96±38.69 cm³ among the animals. The echogenic intensity of the testicular parenchyma varied in pixels from 78.67±6.36 to 109.24±3.13 in animals aged 12 to 60 months respectively. In the animals with ages between 12 and 19 months was observed levels of testosterone considered being low, whereas in the animals from 20 to 21 months there was a progressive increase in the testosterone levels, which

Estudo da atividade inibitória enzimática da quercetina sobre a resposta vasodepressora induzida pela bradicinina

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Luciane Pereira Nascimento Häckl

Full Text Available Em estudos recentes tem sido sugerido que os flavonóides, compostos de origem vegetal sendo encontrados em vários produtos alimentares, possuem uma ação inibitória de vários sistemas enzimáticos. A inibição da enzima conversora da angiotensina (ECA tem sido utilizada no tratamento da hipertensão. O mecanismo de ação dos inibidores da ECA implica na formação da Angiotensina II e na degradação da bradicinina. O propósito do presente estudo foi de analisar a ação da quercetina na atividade da ECA através da avaliação do efeito da angiotensina I (AI e da bradicinina (BK na pressão arterial de ratos anestesiados. Foram utilizados neste estudo ratos Wistar machos adultos. Estes animais foram anestesiados com uretana e foi introduzida na traquéia uma cânula de polietileno (PE 240 para facilitar a respiração. Também foi isolada e canulada (PE 50 a veia jugular para administração das substâncias em estudo. Para registro da pressão arterial foi introduzida na artéria carótida comum esquerda uma cânula de polietileno (PE 50 acoplada a um transdutor de pressão. A administração de BK (10 nmol/kg, i.v. induziu um efeito hipotensor, enquanto que a administração de AI (0,1 nmol/kg induziu uma resposta hipertensora. Pré-tratamento com captopril v.o. (100 nmol/kg 45 min antes e i.v. (10 nmol/kg 5 min antes aumentou significativamente a resposta à BK; embora captopril reduziu, também significativamente, o efeito da AI. O tratamento com quercetina via oral (30 mg/kg 45 min antes e via intravenosa (5 mg/kg 5 min antes aumentou significativamente o efeito da BK. O efeito da AI foi significativamente reduzido por ambos os tratamentos. Estes resultados sugerem que a quercetina potenciou o efeito hipotensor da bradicinina e reduziu o efeito hipertensor da angiotensina I através de ação inibitória sobre a enzima conversora da angiotensina, portanto apresentando um mecanismo de ação semelhante ao captopril.

Caracterización bioquímica de la enzima bifuncional dihidrofolato reductasa-timidilato sintasa de Leishmania (Viannia y su evaluación como blanco molecular

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Edison Osorio

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción. La dihidrofolato reductasa (DHFR se ha utilizado como blanco molecular en tratamientos antibacterianos, anticancerígenos y antipalúdicos. También, actúa como blanco molecular en Leishmania; sin embargo, no existen reportes de la enzima bifuncional en especies de Leishmania (Viannia. Materiales y métodos. Se ha aislado y expresado en Escherichia coli el gen que codifica para la enzima bifuncional DHFR y la timidilato-sintasa (TS de Leishmania braziliensis. La enzima recombinante se purificó y caracterizó, y se evaluó el efecto inhibitorio de algunos antifolatos, así como de cuatro alcaloides aporfínicos. Resultados. El gen se compone de aproximadamente 1.560 pb y codifica un péptido de 58 kDa que contiene los dominios DHFR y TS ligados en una sola cadena polipeptídica. La enzima recombinante DHFR-TS, utilizando el dihidrofolato (H2F como sustrato, presentó valores de Km y Vmax de 55,35± 4,02 (media ± el error estándar de la media y de 0,02 ± 5,34 x 10-4, respectivamente. La enzimar DHFR-TS de L. braziliensis presentó valores de Ki para los antifolatos en el rango de micras. El metotrexato fue el inhibidor más potente de la actividad enzimática (Ki=22,0 mM en comparación del trimetoprim (Ki=33 mM y la pirimetamina (Ki=68 mM. Estos valores de Ki son significativamente más bajos en comparación con los obtenidos para los alcaloides aporfínicos. Conclusión. Los resultados muestran el efecto inhibitorio de los antifolatos sobre la actividad enzimática, lo cual indica que la rDHFR-TS de L. braziliensis podría ser un modelo para estudiar moléculas antiprotozoarias potenciales. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i3.1434

Producción y purificación parcial de enzimas hidrolíticas de Aspergillus ficuum en fermentación sólida sobre residuos agroindustriales

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Marcia Costa

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Título en inglés: Production and partial purification of Aspergillus ficuum hydrolytic enzymes in solid state fermentation of agroindustrial residues Resumen En el presente trabajo se describe la producción de las enzimas fitasa, celulasa, xilanasa y proteasa con Aspergillus ficuum cepa DSM 932 mediante fermentación en estado sólido (SSF usando torta de canola y pomaza de cranberry como sustratos. Como medida indirecta de la producción de las enzimas se usó en cada caso la actividad enzimática. la torta de canola resultó ser un mejor sustrato para fitasa, celulasa y xilanasa, en tanto que la pomaza de cranberry resultó ser un sustrato potencial para proteasa. Mediante ultrafiltración escalonada fue posible purificar parcialmente los extractos enzimáticos de fitasa, celulasas y xilanasas, obtenidos a partir de torta de canola. La fitasa resultó tener un tamaño >100 kDa, en tanto que las celulasas y xilanasas presentan actividad en los retenidos de 10, 30 y 50 kDa, lo que indicaría que las isoenzimas de ambos complejos tienen pesos moleculares que oscilan entre 10 y 100 kDa. Palabras clave: fermentación sólida; torta de canola; Aspergillus ficuum; fitasa; xilanasa. Abstract In this paper, describes the production of the enzymes phytase, cellulase, xylanase and protease by Aspergillus ficuum DSM 932 strain, in solid state fermentation (SSF using canola cake and cranberry pomace as substrates. The enzyme activity was used in each case as an indirect measure of the enzymes production. Canola meal turned out to be a better substrate for phytase, cellulase and xylanase, while cranberry pomace was found to be a potential substrate for protease. Various ultrafiltration operations were carried out, decreasing the cut off membranes out in order to purify partially extracts of enzymes phytase, cellulase and xylanase, obtained from canola meal. Phytase was found to have a size >100 kDa, whereas cellulase and xylanase activity present in the

INDUCCIÓN DE DOS ENZIMAS PECTOLÍTICAS EN EL MODELO Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi - CLAVEL

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Liliana Goméz García

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Se estudió por ensayos in vitro la posible participación de las enzimas endopoligalacturonasa (PG (EC.3.2.1.15 y pectato liasa (PL (EC.4.2.2.2, consideradas factores de virulencia en el proceso de infección del clavel por el hongo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (FOD.Los resultados muestran la inducción de la expresión de la enzima PG en presencia de los inductores artificiales, ácido poligalacturónico (APG y pectina, y un nivel de expresión muy bajo en cultivos con pared celular (PC de clavel de variedades resistente y susceptible. La enzima PL no presentó expresión en presencia de inductores artificiales (APG y pectina, mientras que en cultivos inducidos con pared celular de raíz presentó un alto nivel de expresión.

Efeito do cobre na atividade da enzima pirogalol peroxidase em plantas de Myriophyllum aquaticum cultivadas em solução nutritiva Effect of copper on the activity of pirogalol peroxidase in Myriophyllum aquaticum plants cultivated in nutritives solution

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V.D. Domingos

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Myriophyllum aquaticum é uma planta perene, herbácea, que pode se desenvolver totalmente submersa ou com a porção terminal dos ramos acima da superfície da água. É também considerada uma planta daninha que possui elevado potencial de colonização, o qual, dependendo da densidade populacional, pode causar aumento no teor de matéria orgânica e redução de oxigênio na água, comprometendo a qualidade da água e seus usos múltiplos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a influência do cobre na atividade da pirogalol peroxidase de plantas de M. aquaticum submetidas à solução nutritiva contendo concentrações de cobre de 1,2; 11,2; 21,2; 31,2; e 41,2 µg L-1. O experimento foi conduzido em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições e cinco tratamentos, aos quais as plantas foram submetidas durante 21 dias. Aos 81 dias após a instalação das mudas em solução nutritiva contendo os diferentes níveis de cobre, as folhas foram colhidas a partir do ápice da planta até o final do ramo, que não estavam em contato com a solução. Esse material fresco foi envolvido por plástico transparente e papel-alumínio e, a seguir, congelado em nitrogênio líquido, sendo armazenado em freezer a -20 ºC até o momento da determinação da atividade da enzima pirogalol peroxidase. A atividade da enzima foi progressiva com o aumento das doses de cobre. As plantas cultivadas com 40 µg L-1 de Cu2+ após três semanas, com base em avaliação visual, apresentaram redução no desenvolvimento.Myriophyllum aquaticum is a perennial, herbaceous plant which grows totally submerged or with the terminal portion of the branches above the surface of the water. It is also considered to be a harmful plant, possessing a high colonization potential which, depending on population density, can increase the organic matter content and reduce oxygen in the water, compromising the quality of water and its multiple uses

Produção de enzimas lignoceluloliticas e proteinas unicelulares por chrysonilia sitophila TFB 27441

OpenAIRE

Jaime Patricio Rodrigues Gutierrez

1987-01-01

Resumo: Estudou-se as enzimas celulolíticas e lignolíticas produzidas pelo microorganismo Chrysonlila sitophila TFB-27441 que foi isolado do trato intestinal de um inseto xilófago. A produção de celulases foi estudada utilizando como fonte de carbono no meio de cultivo gllcose, a-celuIose e a-celulose pré-tratada fotoquimicamente. As enzimas estudadas foram b-D-glicosidase, endo-1,4-b-D-glicanase e a atividade cetulolítica total foi estimada utilizando papel de filtro como substrato. A ativid...

Histological evidence of testicular dysgenesis in contralateral biopsies from 218 patients with testicular germ cell cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoei-Hansen, Christina E; Holm, Mette; Rajpert-De Meyts, Ewa

2003-01-01

dysgenesis, microscopic dysgenetic features were quantified in contralateral testicular biopsies in patients with a testicular germ cell tumour. Two hundred and eighty consecutive contralateral testicular biopsies from Danish patients with testicular cancer diagnosed in 1998-2001 were evaluated...... retrospectively. Two hundred and eighteen specimens were subsequently included in this study, after 63 patients who did not meet inclusion criteria had to be excluded. The presence of carcinoma in situ (which is believed to originate from transformed gonocytes) was detected in 8.7% of biopsies. The incidence...... patients, areas with immature and morphologically distorted tubules were also noted. Spermatogenesis was qualitatively normal in 51.4%, whereas 11.5% had very poor or absent spermatogenesis. It is concluded that microscopic testicular dysgenesis is a frequent feature in contralateral biopsies from patients...

Impalpable Testicular Seminoma Identified on Sonoelastography

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Eric M. Ghiraldi

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The role of sonoelastography in diagnosing cancerous masses has increased since the advent of elastography as an ultrasound modality. Its ability to display differences in the mechanical properties of cancerous masses compared to normal surrounding tissue has shown benefit in increasing the accuracy of diagnosing malignant breast and thyroid masses and has shown early potential in accomplishing better targeted prostate biopsies. To date, the literature is limited in the number of studies describing the use of sonoelastography for testicular masses. We describe a 34-year-old man who presented with an incidental finding of an impalpable hypoechoic testicular mass on grayscale ultrasound during an infertility work-up. Sonoelastography was performed displaying intermediate testicular elastic properties. Upon frozen section of the mass during surgical exploration, classic testicular seminoma was diagnosed and subsequent radical orchiectomy was performed. We would like to use this atypical presentation of testicular seminoma to review the potential role of elastography for diagnosing testicular cancer.

Guidelines on testicular cancer

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Albers, Peter; Albrecht, Walter; Algaba, Ferran; Bokemeyer, Carsten; Cohn-Cedermark, Gabriella; Horwich, Alan; Klepp, Olbjoern; Laguna, M. Pilar; Pizzocaro, Giorgio

2005-01-01

To up-date the 2001 version of the EAU testicular cancer guidelines. A non-structured literature review until January 2005 using the MEDLINE database has been performed. Literature has been classified according to evidence-based medicine levels. Testicular cancer is a highly curable disease.

Acute testicular ischemia caused by incarcerated inguinal hernia.

Science.gov (United States)

Orth, Robert C; Towbin, Alexander J

2012-02-01

Acute testicular ischemia caused by an incarcerated inguinal hernia usually affects infants. There are few reports of diagnosis using US, and the effect of long-standing reducible hernias on testicular growth in infants and children is unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of testicular ischemia secondary to an incarcerated inguinal hernia at scrotal sonography and to determine the effect on testicular size at diagnosis. A hospital database was used to locate scrotal sonography examinations documenting an inguinal hernia, and images were reviewed for signs of testicular ischemia. Testicular volumes were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. A total of 147 patients were identified with an inguinal hernia (age 1 day to 23 years, average 6 years). Ten patients (6.8%) had associated testicular ischemia (age 3 weeks to 6 months, average 9 weeks) and showed a statistically significant increase in ipsilateral testicular size compared to the contralateral testicle (P = 0.012). Patients without testicular ischemia did not show a significant difference in testicular size, regardless of patient age. An incarcerated inguinal hernia should be considered as a cause of acute testicular ischemia in infants younger than 6 months of age.

Avaliação de métodos para manutenção e preservação de bactéria esporulada produtora da enzima CGTase = Evaluation of methods for maintenance and preservation of sporulating bacteria producer of CGTase enzyme

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Cristiane Moriwaki

2009-04-01

Full Text Available A conservação de células sem mudanças morfológicas, fisiológicas ou genéticas é uma necessidade da biotecnologia. Bacillus firmus cepa 37 é uma bactéria esporulada produtora da enzima ciclodextrina glicosiltransferase (CGTase, que transforma o amido em ciclodextrinas (CDs. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a manutenção e preservação de B. firmus cepa 37 estocada em meio de cultivo sólido, solo estéril e em glicerol a baixa temperatura (-70ºC. Para avaliação do melhor método de manutenção da bactéria foram utilizados procedimentos de imobilização das células em matrizes inorgânicas. As células imobilizadas foram submetidas ao teste do efeito da biomassa inicial e à microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV. O repique não foi um método adequado, pois a cepadiminuiu a produção de CGTase. A estocagem em solo estéril mostrou-se eficaz e a produção da enzima mantida constante. A conservação a baixas temperaturas também foi satisfatória, com contagem de células praticamente a mesma após 360 dias. A imobilização, avaliada por MEV, não mostrou diferença na adsorção das células conservadas pelosdiferentes métodos. O mesmo ocorreu para o teste do efeito da biomassa inicial, que apresentou maior produção de beta-CD quando do uso de 1,5 g de células.The conservation of cells without morphologic, physiologic or genetic changes is a biotechnology necessity. Bacillus firmus strain 37 is a sporulating bacteria that produces the cyclodextrin lycosyltransferase(CGTase enzyme, which transforms starch into cyclodextrins (CDs. This study aimed to evaluate the maintenance and preservation of B. firmus strain 37 stored in a solid medium, sterile soil and in glycerol at low temperature (-70ºC. In order to evaluate the best bacteria maintenance method, cell immobilization procedures were used on inorganic matrices. The immobilized cells were submitted to the initial biomass effect test and scanning electron

Morfometria testicular de cabritos alimentados com óleo de licuri (Syagrus coronata

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L.P. Barbosa

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Determinou-se o desenvolvimento testicular de caprinos pré-púberes alimentados com óleo de licuri (Syagrus coronata na dieta. Foram utilizados 19 cabritos ¾ Boer, recém-desmamados, com média de idade de três meses. Os animais, submetidos a um período de 75 dias de confinamento, receberam alimentação composta por: farelo de milho, farelo de soja, feno picado de tifton 85 e de óleo de licuri com base na matéria seca. Os animais foram distribuídos em quatro grupos: sem lipídio adicional (n= 5; com 1,5% de óleo de licuri (n= 5; com 3,0% de óleo de licuri (n= 5; e com 4,5% de óleo de licuri (n= 4. As avaliações de peso corporal e de biometria testicular foram realizadas quinzenalmente. Após o período de confinamento, os animais foram abatidos para determinação do peso dos testículos, peso dos epidídimos e índice gonadossomático. A adição de óleo de licuri em até 4,5% na dieta de caprinos pré-púberes não alterou o desenvolvimento testicular com base nas características da biometria e morfometria testicular, indicando que a inclusão de até 4,5% de óleo de licuri na dieta pode ser utilizada.

Testicular Microlithiasis: Case Report and Literature Review

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Savić Goran

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Testicular microlithiasis is a condition characterized by the ultrasonographic findings with multiple microliths, with the prevalence of 0.6% to 9%. This is a condition of unknown etiology; however, in many cases it may be associated with cryptorchidism, Klinefelter syndrome, Down syndrome, varicocele, testicular torsion and male pseudohermaphroditism. Many retrospective studies point to the association between testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer.

Familial testicular cancer and developmental anomalies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ondrus, D.; Kuba, D.; Chrenova, S.; Matoska, J.

1997-01-01

Familial occurrence belongs to factors followed in etiology and pathogenesis of testicular germ-cell tumors. Association with abnormal testicular development, or with other risk factors is relatively frequent. In our material 650 patients had been treated for testicular cancer in the period of 1981-1995. Familial occurrence was observed 7-times (1.08), most frequently in combination with cryptorchidism. Individual families were analyzed in details, including HLA typing. On basis of the observations the supplementation of initial examination of each patient with suspicious testicular cancer with detailed familiar history aimed also at the occurrence of urogenital developmental anomalies and tumors has been recommended. The knowledge about familial tumor occurrence in the first-degree relatives in combination with thorough testicular self-examination is being considered of great importance in the secondary prevention. (author)

Association of Torsion With Testicular Cancer: A Retrospective Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Uguz, Sami; Yilmaz, Sercan; Guragac, Ali; Topuz, Bahadır; Aydur, Emin

2016-02-01

Testicular torsion is a medical emergency that usually requires surgical exploration. However, testicular malignancy has been anecdotally reported with the association of torsion in surgical specimens, and the published data remain scant on the association of torsion with testicular tumors. By retrospective medical record review, we identified 32 patients who had been diagnosed with testicular torsion, 20 of whom had undergone orchiectomy. Of these 20 patients, 2 were diagnosed with a malignancy. Our study, the largest case series to date, has shown an association between testicular torsion and testicular cancer of 6.4%. Testicular torsion is a medical emergency that usually requires surgical exploration. However, testicular malignancy has been anecdotally reported in association with torsion in surgical specimens. However, the published data remain scant on the association between torsion and the presence of testicular tumors. The present retrospective study explored the association between torsion and testicular cancer in patients with testicular torsion undergoing orchiectomy during scrotal exploration. A medical record review was performed of patients who had had a diagnosis of testicular torsion from January 2003 to February 2015. The clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients were recorded. A total of 32 patients were identified. Their mean age was 21.1 years (range, 7-39 years). All the patients had unilateral testicular torsion, which affected the left side in 17 and the right side in 15. Manual detorsion was successful in 6 patients, and 26 patients underwent emergency surgery with testicular detorsion (6 fixation surgery and 20 orchiectomy). The type of incision was scrotal in 6, inguinal in 10, and unspecified in 4. Pathologic examination of the orchiectomy specimens showed malignancy in 2 cases (seminoma and malign mixed germ cell tumor). To the best of our knowledge, the present single-center case series is the largest case series to date of

Metachronous Testicular Cancer After Orchiectomy: A Rare Case.

Science.gov (United States)

Arda, Ersan; Cakiroglu, Basri; Cetin, Gizem; Yuksel, Ilkan

2017-11-09

Testicular cancer represents approximately 1% of all cancers diagnosed in males. The prevalence of bilateral testicular germ cell tumor cases varies from 1% to 5%. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) is a precursor for almost all testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) and is one of the highest risks of developing contralateral testicular cancer. The radical orchiectomy is still preferred for the treatment of testicular cancer. However, in some cases like solitary testis, bilateral cancer or if the tumor size is under 30% percent of the testicular extent, organ-sparing surgery can be an option. There are just a few published reports of metachronous contralateral testicular cancer, developed after orchiectomy with the histopathology of the intratubular germ cell neoplasia.

Testicular biopsy in prepubertal boys

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Faure, Alice; Bouty, Aurore; O'Brien, Mike

2016-01-01

No consensus exists regarding the precise role of testicular biopsy in prepubertal boys, although it is considered useful for assessing the potential consequences of undescended testes on fertility. Current scientific knowledge indicates that surgeons should broaden indications for this procedure...... for the preservation of fertility after gonadotoxic chemotherapy - even for prepubertal boys - are emerging. Cryopreservation of testicular tissue samples for the preservation of fertility - although still an experimental method at present - is appealing in this context. In our opinion, testicular biopsy...

Electrodo biológico con la enzima hidrogenasa, procedimiento de obtención y sus aplicaciones

OpenAIRE

Fernández López, Víctor Manuel; López de Lacey, Antonio; Rüdiger Ortiz, Olaf

2005-01-01

Electrodo biológico con la enzima hidrogenasa, procedimiento de obtención y sus aplicaciones. En la presente invención se protegen electrodos biológicos modificados con enzimas hidrogenasas (ánodos) mediante los cuales es posible obtener energía eléctrica del hidrógeno en una configuración típica de pilas de combustible; asimismo, con estos electrodos modificados con hidrogenasa (cátodos) es posible producir hidrógeno a partir de agua en una configuración típica de cél...

Testicular Cancer—Health Professional Version

Science.gov (United States)

Most testicular cancers are germ cell tumors. Germ cell tumors are divided into seminomas and nonseminomas. Nonseminomas tend to grow and spread more quickly than seminomas. Find evidence-based information on testicular cancer treatment, screening, and statistics.

General Information about Testicular Cancer

Science.gov (United States)

... tumor markers are used to detect testicular cancer: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). Tumor ... tumor markers are used in staging testicular cancer : Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). Lactate ...

Inguinal metastases from testicular cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Daugaard, Gedske; Karas, Vladimir; Sommer, Peter

2006-01-01

To evaluate the incidence of inguinal metastases in patients with testicular cancer and relapse after initial stage I disease.......To evaluate the incidence of inguinal metastases in patients with testicular cancer and relapse after initial stage I disease....

EFFECT OF FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MAIZE SILAGE EFEITO DE ENZIMAS FIBROLÍTICAS SOBRE A COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DASILAGEM DE MILHO

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José Mauro da Silva Diogo

2006-12-01

Full Text Available This experiment was carried out to determine theeffect of enzymatic solution on bromatologic compositionand in situ degradability for neutral detergent fiber (NDFof maize silage. The treatments were four enzymatic levels,two fermentation periods and three replications. The levelsadopted were 0, 5, 10 and 20 mg of enzyme per kg of naturalmatter (MN of grass. Experimental silos, in triplicate, wereopened 45 and 120 days after ensiling, and DM, NDF, crudeprotein (CP, N-NH3 and pH were analyzed. In the study ofin situ degradability of DM and NDF, silage of 45 days wascollected. Nylon bag technique was used with three canulatedbovine and three incubation times (6, 24 and 96 hours. Theexperimental period was of the 36 days. The solution didn’tchange the content of DM, pH and N-NH3 values of maize silage. There was no difference on the CP amongfermentation periods of, but there was interaction betweenperiod of storage and enzymatic level. The solution increasedfinal CP of maize silage after 45 days of ensiling and thiseffect was higher to 20 mg (10.14% compared the control(8.77%. In case of NDF, maize silage treated with 10 mglevel showed lower fiber content (47.25% versus untreatedcontrol (49.96%, suggesting an improvement in the nutritivevalue. There was no difference among period of storageneither interaction period of storage and enzymatic level.In situ rumen degradation showed no difference among thetreatments on NDF degradation of maize silage. KEY WORDS: additives, cellulases, degradability, hemicellulases, cell wall. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de níveis de enzimasfibrolíticas sobre a composição bromatológica e adegradabilidade ruminal da fibra em detergente neutro(FDN da silagem de milho. O experimento consistiu dequatro níveis enzimáticos, dois períodos de armazenamentoe três repetições. Aplicaram-se, por aspersão, na ensilagem,os níveis enzimáticos de 0, 5, 10 e 20 mg de enzimas por kgde matéria natural (MN. Após 45 e

SERUM ACTIVITIES OF ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE, CREATINE KINASE AND LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE IN HORSES WITH COLIC ATIVIDADE SÉRICA DAS ENZIMAS ASPARTATO AMINOTRANSFERASE, CREATINA QUINASE E LACTATO DESIDROGENASE EM EQÜINOS COM CÓLICA

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Aureo Evangelista Santana

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Seventy equines distributed in two experimental groups were used, G1 (20 healthy equines, and G2 (50 equines with colic. Blood samples were obtained by jugular vein puncture in ten different moments. The variables aspartate aminotransferase (AST, creatine kinase (CK, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH were determined by spectrophotometric assay using specific reagents. The average values presented by the animals of the G2 for variables CK, AST, and LDH were higher (P<0.05 than the values presented by the animals of the G1 in all the evaluation moments. The results showed for G2 animals suggest the existence of acute muscle injury. The muscle injuries in equines with colic were attributed to the tissue hypoperfusion, and the muscular damage.

KEY WORDS: Acute abdomen, horses, muscles enzyme. De setenta eqüinos, distribuídos em dois grupos experimentais – G1 (vinte eqüinos hígidos e G2 (cinqüenta eqüinos com cólica –, colheram-se amostras de sangue em dez diferentes momentos, mediante punção da jugular, para a determinação da atividade sérica das enzimas aspartato aminotransferase (AST, creatina quinase (CK e lactato desidrogenase (LDH. Os valores médios apresentados pelos animais do G2, para as variáveis CK, AST e LDH, foram superiores (P<0,05 aos valores médios apresentados pelos animais do G1 em todos os momentos de avaliação. Os resultados apresentados pelos animais com cólica (G2 sugerem a existência de lesão muscular aguda, porém com tendência a cura, e foram atribuídos a hipoperfusão tecidual e a traumas musculares. A análise seriada das enzimas CK, AST e LDH auxilia tanto no diagnóstico de lesões musculares em eqüinos com cólica como no acompanhamento da evolução do processo de cura.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Abdômen agudo, cavalos, enzimas musculares.

Testicular Pain Associated With Minocycline Use

OpenAIRE

Kucherov, Victor; Hulbert, William; Wu, Guan

2015-01-01

Two males ages 16 and 23 years presented with new testicular pain while taking minocycline. Both patients experienced resolution of their symptoms only after minocycline discontinuation. Testicular pain with minocycline use has been previously described, however only in the setting of systemic autoimmune reactions (which were absent here). These cases represent probable rare adverse reactions to minocycline. For patients taking minocycline who experience otherwise unexplained testicular pain,...

Testicular dysgenesis syndrome

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Skakkebaek, N E; Rajpert-De Meyts, E; Main, K M

2001-01-01

Numerous reports have recently focused on various aspects of adverse trends in male reproductive health, such as the rising incidence of testicular cancer; low and probably declining semen quality; high and possibly increasing frequencies of undescended testis and hypospadias; and an apparently...... summarizes existing evidence supporting a new concept that poor semen quality, testis cancer, undescended testis and hypospadias are symptoms of one underlying entity, the testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS), which may be increasingly common due to adverse environmental influences. Experimental...

Influência do tratamento enzimatico sobre as características reológicas e microscópicas da polpa de acerola

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Luciana Balischi

2002-04-01

Full Text Available O consumo de sucos e bebidas à base de frutas tem aumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos. No Brasil, destaca-se a produção da acerola (alto teor de vitamina C e de seus derivados. Objetivando melhoramentos na fabricação de sucos e derivados de frutas tropicais, surgiram pesquisas visando a encontrar o melhor tratamento enzimático. Neste trabalho, estudou-se a variação que ocorre na reologia da polpa integral de acerola submetida ao tratamento enzimático, bem como a variação no diâmetro médio das partículas, para as melhores condições de tratamento obtidas. Duas enzimas comerciais foram testadas: Citrozym Ultra L e Pectinex Ultra SP-L, variou-se as temperaturas, as concentrações das enzimas e os tempos de tratamento As características reológicas e microscópicas da polpa sofreram alterações com o tratamento enzimático.

An Uncommon Presentation of a Metachronous Testicular Primary Nonseminoma and Seminoma Separated by Two Decades and a Testicular Cancer Literature Review

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Dennis Andrew Buck

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy in men aged 15–40 years [Bols et al.: Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011]. Its incidence comprises 0.8% of all male cancers worldwide, with a mortality rate of 0.1%. The incidence has nearly doubled from 1975 to 2007 leading to the concern of environmental causes [Thomas: Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178: 1240–1245]. Testicular cancer presents as a painless testicular mass without transillumination. Testicular cancer is subcategorized under germ cell testicular cancer or sex cord-stromal tumors. Of the germ cell tumors, approximately 90% originate in the testis, with the other 10% being extragonadal [Bols et al.: Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011]. Typically, if a patient presents with a testicular mass and is 50 years old or older, the diagnosis of a primary lymphoma is considered until proven otherwise [Bols et al.: Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011]. Germ cell testicular cancer is further divided into the subtypes of seminomatous and nonseminomatous; each presents with a unique histology and differing treatment implications. Discussion: Given the uniqueness of our patient’s metachronous second testicular primary, we sought to compare our case findings to available historic publications. We sought to address the issues of the incidence of a second primary testicular malignancy with regard to varying histology, age of incidence, and timing of a second primary testicular cancer, the presence of bowel involvement, and finally a brief discussion of testosterone replacement therapy. Conclusion: A review of our case presents several unique factors. The above varying literature has shown our patient to have met the odds of a contralateral testicular primary development in that he had a nonseminomatous primary, followed by a second testicular primary seminoma. Our patient exceeded the 15-year

An Uncommon Presentation of a Metachronous Testicular Primary Nonseminoma and Seminoma Separated by Two Decades and a Testicular Cancer Literature Review.

Science.gov (United States)

Buck, Dennis Andrew; Smith, Tristan Dean; Montana, Wilbur Nelson

2017-01-01

Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy in men aged 15-40 years [Bols et al.: Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011]. Its incidence comprises 0.8% of all male cancers worldwide, with a mortality rate of 0.1%. The incidence has nearly doubled from 1975 to 2007 leading to the concern of environmental causes [Thomas: Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178: 1240-1245]. Testicular cancer presents as a painless testicular mass without transillumination. Testicular cancer is subcategorized under germ cell testicular cancer or sex cord-stromal tumors. Of the germ cell tumors, approximately 90% originate in the testis, with the other 10% being extragonadal [Bols et al.: Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011]. Typically, if a patient presents with a testicular mass and is 50 years old or older, the diagnosis of a primary lymphoma is considered until proven otherwise [Bols et al.: Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011]. Germ cell testicular cancer is further divided into the subtypes of seminomatous and nonseminomatous; each presents with a unique histology and differing treatment implications. Given the uniqueness of our patient's metachronous second testicular primary, we sought to compare our case findings to available historic publications. We sought to address the issues of the incidence of a second primary testicular malignancy with regard to varying histology, age of incidence, and timing of a second primary testicular cancer, the presence of bowel involvement, and finally a brief discussion of testosterone replacement therapy. A review of our case presents several unique factors. The above varying literature has shown our patient to have met the odds of a contralateral testicular primary development in that he had a nonseminomatous primary, followed by a second testicular primary seminoma. Our patient exceeded the 15-year cumulative risk of contralateral metachronous testicular cancer of 1

Hidrólise parcial enzimática da gordura de babaçu

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OLIVEIRA Andréa Lícia de Almeida

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Lipases são enzimas de origem animal, vegetal ou microbiana que catalisam a hidrólise total ou parcial de óleos e gorduras, fornecendo ácidos graxos livres, acilgliceróis parciais e glicerol. O trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a ação da lipase comercial FAP (Amano Pharmaceutical Co. no processo de hidrólise parcial da gordura de babaçu. Foi utilizada a Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta para representar o sistema na região estudada. O tratamento estatístico possibilitou analisar a influência das variáveis indepentes concentração de enzima (3 a 327U/mL e tempo de reação (1 a 31h na variável dependente: % de hidrólise. Os resultados experimentais observados nas reações, variaram de 6,52 a 41,44% de hidrólise da gordura de babaçu. Pela aplicação do modelo estatístico, os resultados estimados variaram de 13,57 a 43,80% de hidrólise. O nível de significância foi de 99% para o modelo % de hidrólise. Foi observado que 87,8% da variação da resposta pode ser explicada pela regressão múltipla, demostrando ser bom o ajustamento do modelo aos dados experimentais.

INDUCCIÓN DE DOS ENZIMAS PECTOLÍTICAS EN EL MODELO Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi - CLAVEL

OpenAIRE

Gómez García, Liliana; Martínez, Sixta Tulia

2005-01-01

Se estudió por ensayos in vitro la posible participación de las enzimas endopoligalacturonasa (PG) (EC.3.2.1.15) y pectato liasa (PL) (EC.4.2.2.2), consideradas factores de virulencia en el proceso de infección del clavel por el hongo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (FOD). Los resultados muestran la inducción de la expresión de la enzima PG en presencia de los inductores artificiales, ácido poligalacturónico (APG) y pectina, y un nivel de expresión muy bajo en cultivos con pared celular (PC...

Hypothesis: does ochratoxin A cause testicular cancer?

Science.gov (United States)

Schwartz, Gary G

2002-02-01

Little is known about the etiology of testicular cancer, which is the most common cancer among young men. Epidemiologic data point to a carcinogenic exposure in early life or in utero, but the nature of the exposure is unknown. We hypothesize that the mycotoxin, ochratoxin A, is a cause of testicular cancer. Ochratoxin A is a naturally occurring contaminant of cereals, pigmeat, and other foods and is a known genotoxic carcinogen in animals. The major features of the descriptive epidemiology of testicular cancer (a high incidence in northern Europe, increasing incidence over time, and associations with high socioeconomic status, and with poor semen quality) are all associated with exposure to ochratoxin A. Exposure of animals to ochratoxin A via the diet or via in utero transfer induces adducts in testicular DNA. We hypothesize that consumption of foods contaminated with ochratoxin A during pregnancy and/or childhood induces lesions in testicular DNA and that puberty promotes these lesions to testicular cancer. We tested the ochratoxin A hypothesis using ecologic data on the per-capita consumption of cereals, coffee, and pigmeat, the principal dietary sources of ochratoxin A. Incidence rates for testicular cancer in 20 countries were significantly correlated with the per-capita consumption of coffee and pigmeat (r = 0.49 and 0.54, p = 0.03 and 0.01). The ochratoxin A hypothesis offers a coherent explanation for much of the descriptive epidemiology of testicular cancer and suggests new avenues for analytic research.

Estudo e determinação teórica de propriedades físico-químicas de fármacos anti-hipertensivos inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina

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LUíZA REIS CRUZ

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O pacote de softwares SpartanTM vs 04 foi utilizado para calcular algumas propriedades físico-químicas de uma série de inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensinogênio ECA. Simultaneamente, o pacote MarvinSketch 5.0.0 foi empregado para calcular o Coeficiente de Partição P dos inibidores. Através da análise dos resultados, conclui-se que: a o arranjo termodinâmico mais estável desses inibidores mimetiza aquele dos resíduos pré-terminais da angiotensina II, b há grande similaridade entre as cargas dos átomos que se ligam à macromolécula e c os cálculos mostram diferenças significativas entre os valores de P para os inibidores. Portanto, as diferenças farmacológicas existentes entre os inibidores estão mais intimamente relacionadas ao coeficiente de partição do que à capacidade destes de inibir o sítio ativo da ECA. Palavras-chave: ECA. Ab initio. Equilíbrio conformacional. Lipofilicidade. ABSTRACT Theoretical study and determination of physicochemical properties of antihypertensive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors The software package SpartanTM 4.0 was employed to calculate some physicochemical properties of a series of available ACE inhibitors. Simultaneously, the program MarvinSketch 5.0.0 was employed to calculate the partition coefficients (P of the same compounds. After analyzing the results, we conclude that: a from a thermodynamic point of view, the most stable conformer of each inhibitor resembles, as expected, the most stable spatial arrangement of the preterminal residues of angiotensin II; b there is great similarity among the charge profiles of the potential binding sites of all the inhibitors; c there are large differences in P among these compounds. Summing up, the pharmacological differences reported between the inhibitors are more closely linked to their lipophilic properties than to their capacity to block the ACE active center. Keywords: ACE. Ab initio. Conformational

TESTICULAR CAPILLARY HEMANGIOMA: DESCRIPTION OF A CASE

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A. S. Markova

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The paper describes a clinical case of testicular capillary hemangioma in a 24-year-old man undergone a partial resection of the testis with the intraoperative morphological examination. Testicular capillary hemangioma is a rare benign tumor of a vascular origin, which can be similar to malignant testicular tumors on the clinical presentation, as well as on the imaging methods, in particular to seminoma. The intraoperative histological study can assist in avoiding organ-removing surgical interventions in diagnostically ambiguous cases if a benign testicular tumor is diagnosed.

Testicular teratoma, mimicking a simple testicular cyst, in an infant.

Science.gov (United States)

Di Renzo, Dacia; Persico, Antonello; Sindici, Giulia; Lelli Chiesa, Pierluigi

2013-09-01

Prepubertal testicular tumors are rare, and teratoma is the second most frequent histologic type. Its typical features are those of a hard and painless scrotal mass at clinical examination, and nonhomogeneous, echoic, often with calcifications at ultrasonography. Rare but reported is the atypical presentation as a transilluminating scrotal mass, due to the presence of some internal cystic areas, detectable at ultrasonography. We report the case of an infant with a transilluminating scrotal mass, mimicking at ultrasonography and surgery a simple, fully liquid cyst, which the pathologic examination revealed to be mature cystic testicular teratoma. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring men's preferred strategies for learning about testicular disorders inclusive of testicular cancer: A qualitative descriptive study.

Science.gov (United States)

Saab, Mohamad M; Landers, Margaret; Hegarty, Josephine

2017-02-01

Men's awareness of testicular disorders is lacking and their intention to seek help for testicular symptoms is sub-optimal. Studies conducted to explore and raise men's awareness of testicular disorders did not address their preferred learning strategies and failed to include men who are at risk for health inequities. The aim of this study was to explore, in-depth, the preferred strategies for learning about testicular disorders inclusive of testicular cancer among men who self-identify as heterosexual, gay, or bisexual. Maximum variation and snowball sampling were used to recruit 29 men aged 18-47 years. Participation was sought from community and youth organizations and a university in the Republic of Ireland. Semi-structured individual interviews and focus groups were conducted. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Inductive analysis of manifest content was used. Seventeen informants self-identified as heterosexual, 11 as gay, and one as bisexual. Four main categories emerged, namely: strategies to enhance awareness (television, internet, campaigns, print media), educational dos and don'ts (tailoring effective messages, drawbacks of national initiatives, ineffective learning strategies), implications of raising awareness (risks and benefits of increasing awareness), and learning among gay and bisexual men (learning needs and strategies). Future studies promoting awareness of testicular disorders should take into account men's preferred learning strategies. National campaigns should be delivered frequently and altered occasionally in order to achieve a top-up effect. Clinicians are encouraged to educate young men about the seriousness of testicular symptoms and the importance of seeking timely medical attention for any abnormalities. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Testicular Pain Associated With Minocycline Use

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Victor Kucherov

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Two males ages 16 and 23 years presented with new testicular pain while taking minocycline. Both patients experienced resolution of their symptoms only after minocycline discontinuation. Testicular pain with minocycline use has been previously described, however only in the setting of systemic autoimmune reactions (which were absent here. These cases represent probable rare adverse reactions to minocycline. For patients taking minocycline who experience otherwise unexplained testicular pain, a trial discontinuation of this medication should be considered.

A conservative region of the mercuric reductase gene (merA as a molecular marker of bacterial mercury resistance Região conservada do gene da mercúrio redutase (merA como marcador molecular da resistência bacteriana ao mercúrio

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Adriana Sotero-Martins

2008-06-01

Full Text Available The most common bacterial mercury resistance mechanism is based on the reduction of Hg(II to Hg0, which is dependent of the mercuric reductase enzyme (MerA activity. The use of a 431 bp fragment of a conservative region of the mercuric reductase (merA gene was applied as a molecular marker of this mechanism, allowing the identification of mercury resistant bacterial strains.O mecanismo de resistência bacteriana ao mercúrio mais comum é baseada na redução do Hg(II a Hg0, através da atividade da enzima mercúrio redutase (MerA. O uso do fragmento de 431 pb amplificado de uma região conservada do gene merA, que codifica a enzima MerA,foi utilizado como marcador molecular deste mecanismo, permitindo a identificação de bactérias resistentes ao mercúrio.

Análise da variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca em pacientes hipertensos, antes e depois do tratamento com inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina II Analysis of heart rate variability in hypertensive patients before and after treatment with angiotensin II-converting enzyme inhibitors

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Antônio da Silva Menezes Júnior

2004-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Comparar a variabilidade de freqüência cardíaca em indivíduos normotensos e hipertensos e observar o comportamento do sistema nervoso autônomo após terapia com inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina II. MÉTODO: Estudados 286 pacientes com diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial, pela 1ª vez, e divididos em 4 grupos, conforme a pressão arterial diastólica (PAD: grupo A - PAD110 mmHg. Os pacientes do grupo A (normais e do grupo C (HA moderada, somando 110 e 79 pacientes, respectivamente, submeteram-se ao Holter-ECG 24h com análise de variabilidade de freqüência cardíaca no domínio do tempo (DT e no domínio da freqüência (DF. O grupo C foi tratado com inibidores da ECA durante 3 meses, e após esse período novamente avaliado com Holter-ECG 24h e variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca, e os valores comparados com os normotensos. RESULTADOS: Os parâmetros SDNN, PNN50 (DT e o espectro LF (DF foram significativamente diferentes para os dois grupos, com valores notadamente diminuídos em hipertensos (pOBJECTIVE: To compare heart rate variability in normotensive and hypertensive individuals and to observe the behavior of the autonomic nervous system after treatment with angiotensin II-converting enzyme inhibitors. METHOD: The study comprised 286 patients diagnosed with arterial hypertension (AH for the first time and divided into 4 groups according to diastolic blood pressure (DBP levels: group A - DBP110 mmHg. Group A (110 healthy individuals and group C (79 patients with moderate AH underwent 24-hour Holter-ECG with analysis of heart rate variability in time domain (TD and frequency domain (FD. The group C patients were treated with ACE inhibitors for 3 months, and, after this period, they underwent a new 24-hour Holter-ECG study for assessing heart rate variability, the values being compared with those of normotensive individuals. RESULTS: The SDNN and PNN50 parameters (TD, and the LF spectrum (FD were

Lifetime growth and risk of testicular cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Richiardi, Lorenzo; Vizzini, Loredana; Pastore, Guido; Segnan, Nereo; Gillio-Tos, Anna; Fiano, Valentina; Grasso, Chiara; Ciuffreda, Libero; Lista, Patrizia; Pearce, Neil; Merletti, Franco

2014-08-01

Adult height is associated with testicular cancer risk. We studied to what extent this association is explained by parental height, childhood height and age at puberty. We conducted a case-control study on germ-cell testicular cancer patients diagnosed in 1997-2008 and resident in the Province of Turin. Information was collected using mailed questionnaires in 2008-2011. Specifically, we asked for adult height (in cm), height at age 9 and 13 (compared to peers) and age at puberty (compared to peers). We also asked for paternal and maternal height (in cm) as indicators of genetic components of adult height. The analysis included 255 cases and 459 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) of testicular cancer were estimated for the different anthropometric variables. Adult height was associated with testicular cancer risk [OR: 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.31 per 5-cm increase]. The risk of testicular cancer was only slightly increased for being taller vs. shorter than peers at age 9 (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 0.91-2.64) or age 13 (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.78-2.01), and parental height was not associated with testicular cancer risk. The OR for adult height was 1.32 (95% CI: 1.12-1.56) after adjustment for parental height. Among participants with small average parental height (testicular cancer for tall (>180 cm) vs. short (testicular cancer is likely to be explained by environmental factors affecting growth in early life, childhood and adolescence. © 2013 UICC.

Long-term health effects among testicular cancer survivors.

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Hashibe, Mia; Abdelaziz, Sarah; Al-Temimi, Mohammed; Fraser, Alison; Boucher, Kenneth M; Smith, Ken; Lee, Yuan-Chin Amy; Rowe, Kerry; Rowley, Braden; Daurelle, Micky; Holton, Avery E; VanDerslice, James; Richiardi, Lorenzo; Bishoff, Jay; Lowrance, Will; Stroup, Antoinette

2016-12-01

Testicular cancer is diagnosed at a young age and survival rates are high; thus, the long-term effects of cancer treatment need to be assessed. Our objectives are to estimate the incidence rates and determinants of late effects in testicular cancer survivors. We conducted a population-based cohort study of testicular cancer survivors, diagnosed 1991-2007, followed up for a median of 10 years. We identified 785 testicular cancer patients who survived ≥5 years and 3323 men free of cancer for the comparison group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to compare the hazard ratio between the cases and the comparison group and for internal analysis among case patients. Testicular cancer survivors experienced a 24 % increase in risk of long-term health effects >5 years after diagnosis. The overall incidence rate of late effects among testicular cancer survivors was 66.3 per 1000 person years. Higher risks were observed among testicular cancer survivors for hypercholesterolemia, infertility, and orchitis. Chemotherapy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection appeared to increase the risk of late effects. Being obese prior to cancer diagnosis appeared to be the strongest factor associated with late effects. Testicular cancer survivors were more likely to develop chronic health conditions when compared to cancer-free men. While the late effects risk was increased among testicular cancer survivors, the incidence rates of late effects after cancer diagnosis was fairly low.

Infertility with Testicular Cancer.

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Ostrowski, Kevin A; Walsh, Thomas J

2015-08-01

Testicular germ cell cancer is one of the most curable cancers. Most patients are treated during their reproductive years, making infertility a significant quality of life issue after successful treatment. This focused review evaluates the factors that contribute to infertility and specific fertility risks with the various testicular cancer treatments. Timing of patient discussions and current fertility treatments are reviewed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Enzyme expression in indica and japonica rice cultivars under saline stress=Expressão de enzimas em cultivares de arroz indica e japonica sob estresse salino

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Cristina Rodrigues Mendes

2012-10-01

indicas amplamente utilizadas no RS demonstram maior suscetibilidade à salinidade quando comparadas às japonicas em outros aspectos fisiológicos. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a expressão de enzimas envolvidas na respiração de cultivares de arroz, indica e japonica, submetidas à salinidade. Foram utilizadas cultivares de Oryza sativa L. spp. japonica S. Kato (BRS Bojuru, IAS 12-9 Formosa e Goyakuman e de Oryza sativa L. spp. indica S. Kato (BRS-7 Taim, BRS Querência e BRS Atalanta. As plântulas foram transferidas para bacias de 15 L, contendo solução nutritiva de Hoagland meia força acrescida de 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 mM de NaCl. A coleta foi aos 14, 28 e 42 dias. Os tecidos vegetais foram macerados e colocados em tubos eppendorf com solução extratora de Scandálios. A eletroforese foi realizada em géis de poliacrilamida 7% em cubas eletroforéticas verticais. As bandas foram reveladas para os sistemas enzimáticos esterase, álcool desidrogenase, fosfoglico isomerase, malato desidrogenase, enzima málica e alfa amilase. A expressão das enzimas foi maior na subespécie japonica, com bandas mais intensas conforme o aumento da salinidade. Conclui-se que tais sistemas enzimáticos estejam envolvidos em mecanismos de tolerância ao estresse salino nas cultivares de O. sativa spp. japonica.

Early life risk factors for testicular cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Piltoft, Johanne Spanggaard; Larsen, Signe Benzon; Dalton, Susanne Oksbjerg

2017-01-01

of this study is to utilize data from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register (CSHRR) to evaluate cryptorchidism, birth weight and birth order as risk factors for testicular cancer. METHODS: The study population consisted of 408 cases of testicular cancer identified by a government issued identification...... in crude analyses [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.60, 95% CI 2.79-4.65]. Birth weight was inversely associated with testicular cancer and no clear association with birth order was observed. The positive association between cryptorchidism and testicular cancer was only slightly attenuated controlling for birth......PURPOSE: One established risk factors for testicular cancer is cryptorchidism. However, it remains unclear whether cryptorchidism is a risk factor in itself or whether the two conditions share common causes in early life (estrogen hypothesis), such as birth weight and birth order. The objective...

Testicular Volume: Size Does Matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reyes Lobo, Alexander; Segovia Fuentes, Javier; Cerpa Reyes, Edgar

2011-01-01

Testicular volume is critical for semen production and, consequently, for fertility. Hence the importance of knowing the normal size ranges and the different methods for calculating size, in order to classify patients at risk and refer them for appropriate management. Ultrasound is the first-line diagnostic method for the evaluation of testicular pathology, and it is also the best tool for estimating the volume of both testicles, bearing in mind that a testicular volume below 15 cc results in fertility problems. Although there are many causes of infertility, varicocele is undoubtedly the most important of all, because of its frequency and because it is amenable to curative surgical treatment.

Testicular Metastases From Prostate Carcinoma

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Harrina Erlianti Rahardjo

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Metastasis of prostate carcinoma to the testis is seldom reported. The tumour may spread from the prostatic urethra by retrograde venous extension, arterial embolism or through direct invasion into the lymphatics and lumen of the vas deferens. Clinical manifestations of secondary testicular tumours from the prostate are most often unsuspected clinically and are instead detected incidentally during orchidectomy. Less frequently, a palpable mass is detected, which may be confused with a primary testicular neoplasm. We report a case of a 66-year-old patient with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, and a left testicular tumour that was diagnosed as metastases from prostate carcinoma after radical orchidectomy.

Morfologia testicular de ratos Wistar obesos sedentários e submetidos a treinamento físico - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v33i1.7698 Testicular morphology in obese and sedentary Wistar rats submitted to physical training - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v33i1.7698

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Solange Marta Franzói de Moraes

2011-05-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar morfologicamente os efeitos da dieta de cafeteria e o treinamento físico em esteira sobre o testículo de ratos Wistar. Ratos machos adultos foram divididos em grupos (sedentário-controle; sedentário-cafeteria; treinado-controle; e treinado-cafeteria. Para comprovar a instalação da obesidade calculou-se o índice de Lee e o peso dos tecidos adiposos periepididimal e retroperitoneal. A análise testicular envolveu o peso da gônada e após processamento histológico e coloração por Hematoxilina-Eosina, os parâmetros de diâmetro tubular, altura do epitélio seminífero, identificação dos tipos celulares presentes nos túbulos seminíferos, contagem de células e rendimento geral da espermatogênese. O aumento significativo do Índice de Lee e do peso dos tecidos adiposos, nos grupos que receberam dieta de cafeteria, comprovou a instalação da obesidade e indicou ser este um modelo adequado para induzir obesidade experimental. Não houve efeito da dieta ou do treinamento sobre o peso testicular, diâmetro tubular e altura do epitélio seminífero não havendo também diferenças na organização histológica dos testículos e túbulos seminíferos. Após quantificação celular e cálculo dos índices mitótico e meiótico e da capacidade total de suporte das células de Sertoli, verificamos efeito positivo do treinamento físico, independente da dieta recebida, sobre o rendimento geral da espermatogênese.The aim of this study was to morphologically evaluate the effects of the cafeteria diet and physical training on the testicles of adult Wistar rats. Adult male rats were divided into groups (sedentary-control, sedentary-cafeteria, trained-control, and trained-cafeteria In order to state the obesity condition both the Lee index and the weight of retroperitoneal and periepididymal adipose tissues were calculated. The testicular analysis involved the gonad weight and after the histological processing

Enzimas amilolíticas de mandioquinha-salsa (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft. Amylolytic enzymes from peruvian carrot (Arracaia xanthorrhiza Bancroft.

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Tatiana da Costa Raposo Pires

2002-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente trabalho foi de caracterizar as enzimas amilolíticas de mandioquinha-salsa (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft.. Foram realizados ensaios mediante a determinação da atividade enzimática, variando-se as condições do meio, tais como temperatura, pH e concentração de cátions. Em gel de eletroforese foram detectadas três bandas protéicas com intensa atividade hidrolítica. As enzimas apresentaram pH ótimo de atividade em torno de 6,0 e mostraram-se mais sensíveis a valores de pH alcalino quando pré-incubadas a 50oC. A temperatura ótima de ativação enzimática foi de 50oC, enquanto aos 70oC, a atividade amilásica foi reduzida em 80%. Em temperaturas altas temperaturas (60 e 70oC, a inativação enzimática ocorreu após 60 e 25min de incubação, respectivamente. Ensaios de estabilidade térmica mostraram que as amilases mantiveram alta atividade após 25h mediante a incubação a 20 e 30oC. Os valores de Km, Vmax e energia de ativação foram de 0,41mg/mL, 1,11mg/mL/min e 7,53kcal/mol, respectivamente. Constatou-se que a presença de Ca+2 ou Mg+2 provoca aumento na atividade amilásica, enquanto íons de Cu+2 causam uma diminuição. Apesar da discreta atividade amilásica apresentada, as enzimas demonstraram ter alta resistência e estabilidade térmicas.This investigation was undertaken to characterize amylases from Peruvian carrot (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft.. Activity assays were performed in different changing pHs, temperatures, time and cation concentrations. PAGE zymograms and the amylase activity essays were detected by starch-iodine complex. The results showed that Peruvian carrot has three amylase components on the crude extract. The enzymes had optimum pH at 6.0. Amylases were more sensitive to basic pH when the pre-incubation occured at 50oC. The best activation temperature occurred at 50oC, whereas at 70oC the amylase activity was reduced by 80%. Assays of thermal stability at 20 and 30o

Familial testicular cancer in a single-centre population

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sonneveld, DJA; Sleijfer, DT; Sijmons, RH; van der Graaf, WTA; Sluiter, WJ; Hoekstra, HJ; Schraffordt Koops, H.

Familial occurrence of testicular cancer suggests a genetic predisposition to the disease. A genetic susceptibility may also be reflected by the occurrence of bilateral testicular neoplasms and the high rates of urogenital developmental anomalies in families prone to testicular cancer. In this

Unusual termination of the right testicular vein | Woldeyes | Anatomy ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The testicular veins are formed by the veins emerging from the testis and epididymis forming the pampiniform venous plexus. The right testicular vein drains into inferior vena cava and the left testicular vein to the left renal vein. Testicular veins display a great variability with regard to their number, course and sites of ...

Efeito da adição de enzimas em dietas de frangos de corte à base de milho e farelo de soja sobre a digestibilidade ileal de nutrientes Effect of enzymes supplementation in corn soybean meal broiler diets on ileal digestibility of nutrients

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Anel Atencio Tejedor

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Dois experimentos, utilizando pintos de corte Avian Farm, no período de 8 a 18 dias de idade, foram realizados para se avaliar o efeito de enzimas microbianas sobre os coeficientes de digestibilidade (CD ileal aparente da matéria seca (MS, da proteína bruta (PB, da energia bruta (EB, do fósforo (P e do cálcio (Ca de dietas à base de milho e farelo de soja com diferentes níveis de Ca e P disponível (Pd. Óxido crômico (0,5% foi adicionado às dietas a fim de se estimar o fator de indigestibilidade. Todas as aves foram abatidas aos 19 dias, para a coleta da digesta. O primeiro experimento foi realizado em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2, com seis repetições contendo 10 aves. As dietas foram formuladas contendo dois níveis de Ca e Pd normal (1%Ca/0,45%Pd e baixo (0,70%Ca/0,32%Pd x dois níveis de enzima fitase (0 e 1 kg/t de ração. O segundo experimento foi realizado em arranjo fatorial 2 x 3, sendo dois níveis de Ca e Pd normal (1%Ca/0,45%Pd e baixo (0,70%Ca/0,32Pd% e três combinações de enzimas: complexo multienzimático (CM com fitase (Fit: 0 kg/t para o controle, 2 kg/t (CM e 2 kg/t mais 1 kg/t de fitase (CM+Fit, com seis repetições, contendo 10 aves cada. No experimento 1, a adição de fitase melhorou a digestibilidade ileal da MS (5,2%, PB (2,4% e EB (3,8%. Interação significativa foi observada na digestibilidade do Ca e P, sendo que adição da fitase melhorou a digestibilidade do Ca e P em ambos níveis de Ca e P. No segundo experimento, a adição do CM melhorou o CD da PB, P e Ca em 3; 4,7; e 7,8%, respectivamente. A associação do CM+fitase mostrou efeito aditivo no aproveitamento do Ca e P. Interação foi observada para o CD da EB, a adição do CM melhorou a digestibilidade em ambos níveis de Ca e Pd, entretanto o CM+fitase melhorou o CD da EB apenas no nível baixo de Ca e P.Two experiments, using 8 to 18 days old Avian -Farm male broiler chicks, were conducted to evaluate the effect of microbial enzymes on the ileal

An unusual presentation of testicular tumor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amin, M.U.; Rahan, T.; Haq, A.U.; Aftab, P.

2006-01-01

A case of testicular choriocarcinoma is reported in which blood mixed stools and haemoptysis were the presenting manifestations as the patient never told about the testicular swelling to his parents. Orchidectomy was performed but the patient presented again with massive hematemesis due to gastric perforation secondary to gastric metastasis. The size of the testis at diagnosis was approximately 12 x 7cm. This was also unusual as testicular choriocarcinoma presents as a small mass. The patient eventually died of the complications within one month of diagnosis. (author)

MicroRNAs in Testicular Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Ling, Hui; Krassnig, Lisa; Bullock, Marc D; Pichler, Martin

2016-02-01

Testicular cancer processes a unique and clear miRNA expression signature. This differentiates testicular cancer from most other cancer types, which are usually more ambiguous when assigning miRNA patterns. As such, testicular cancer may represent a unique cancer type in which miRNAs find their use as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, with a potential to surpass the current available markers usually with low sensitivity. In this review, we present literature findings on miRNAs associated with testicular cancer, and discuss their potential diagnostic and prognostic values, as well as their potential as indicators of drug response in patients with testicular cancer. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Estudos moleculares, estruturais e funcionais da Cel12A de Gloeophyllum trabeum, uma endo-1,4-β-glucanase da família 12 de hidrolases de glicosídeos

OpenAIRE

Lis Schwartz Miotto

2014-01-01

A produção de etanol de segunda geração, a partir da hidrólise enzimática da biomassa vegetal é considerada uma alternativa viável e promissora para enfrentarmos a crise energética mundial e diminuirmos a dependência das fontes fósseis de energia. Para isso, é necessário que ocorra a degradação das moléculas constituintes da parede celular como a lignina, a celulose e a hemicelulose a açúcares fermentescíveis. No entanto, a utilização de enzimas para esse fim ainda apresenta um custo elevado,...

Prognostic features and markers for testicular cancer management

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eddy S Leman

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Testicular neoplasm accounts for about 1% of all cancers in men. Over the last 40 years, the incidence of testicular cancer has increased in northern European male populations for unknown reasons. When diagnosed at early stage, testicular cancer is usually curable with a high survival rate. In the past three decades, successful multidisciplinary approaches for the management of testicular cancer have significantly increased patient survival rates. Utilization of tumor markers and accurate prognostic classification has also contributed to successful therapy. In this article, we highlight the most commonly used tumor markers and several potential "novel" markers for testicular cancer as part of the ongoing effort in biomarker research and discovery. In addition, this article also identifies several key prognostic features that have been demonstrated to play a role in predicting relapse. These features include tumor size, rete testis invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and tumor histology. Together with tumor markers, these prognostic factors should be taken into account for risk-adapted management of testicular cancer.

Are the angiotensin-converting enzime gene and acticity risk factors for stroke? São fatores de risco para acidente vascular cerebral o gene e a atividade da enzima conversora de angiotensina ?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miris Dikmen

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Stroke is a multifactorial disease in which genetic factors play an important role. This study was carried out to determine angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE gene polymorphism in Turkish acute stroke patients and to establish whether there is an association of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism with clinical parameters. In this study 185 patients and 50 controls were recruited. We have investigated the association among the allelic distribution of the insertion/deletion (I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene identified by polymerase chain reaction. Distribution of ACE gene I/D genotypes and allele frequencies in patients were not significantly different from controls. D allele frequencies were 57.8% in patients versus 53.0% in controls and I allele 42.2% versus 47% respectively. History of hypertension, stroke, renal, heart and vessel diseases incidence and age, gender, systolic-diastolic blood pressures and creatinine levels were significantly high in patients. But these results and ACE activities had no significant differences among the ACE genotypes in patients and controls. Our results suggest that the ACE gene polymorphism is not associated with the pathogenesis of stroke in Turkish stroke patients.O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC é doença multifatorial em que fatores genéticos desempenham papel importante. Este estudo foi desenvolvido para verificar o polimorfismo do gene da enzima conversora da angiotensina (ECA em pacientes turcos com AVC agudo e estabelecer se existe associação do gene I/D da ECA com parâmetros clínicos. O estudo foi realizado com 185 pacientes e 50 controles. A associação entre a distribuição alélica da inserção / deleção (I/D do polimorfismo do gene da ECA foi estudada pela reação em cadeia da polimerase. A distribuição dos genótipos I/D do gene da ECA e suas freqüências não apresentaram significância estatística quando comparados os pacientes e controles. As freqüências dos

Empleo de polielectrolitos inteligentes para desarrollar matrices insolubles con capacidad bioseparativa de enzimas de importancia biotecnológica

OpenAIRE

Woitovich Valetti, Nadia

2016-01-01

Con los avances de la ciencia moderna, principalmente en el campo de la biotecnología, la obtención de enzimas para uso industrial ha creado la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas metodologías para la purificación de las mismas. Los métodos de escalado clásicos para la purificación de enzimas emplean precipitación con sales o solventes. Dichas técnicas producen gran cantidad de residuos que muchas veces son difíciles de reciclar, incrementando los costos del proceso. Los nuevos protocolos deben r...

Neonatal testicular tumour presenting as an acute scrotum ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Juvenile granulosa cell tumour (JGCT) is a rare benign stromal cell tumour of the testis accounting for approximately 1% of all paediatric testicular tumours. Presenting primarily as a painless testicular mass, the tumour may be associated with undescended testis, hydrocele or testicular torsion. Abnormal karyotype has also ...

Secondary malignant neoplasms in testicular cancer survivors.

Science.gov (United States)

Curreri, Stephanie A; Fung, Chunkit; Beard, Clair J

2015-09-01

Testicular cancer is the most common cancer among men aged 15 to 40 years, and the incidence of testicular cancer is steadily increasing. Despite successful treatment outcomes and the rate of survival at 5 to 10 years being 95%, survivors can experience late effects of both their cancer and the treatment they received, including secondary malignant neoplasms (SMNs). We discuss the development of non-germ cell SMNs that develop after diagnosis and treatment of testicular cancer and their effect on mortality. Patients diagnosed with testicular cancer frequently choose postoperative surveillance if they are diagnosed with clinical stage I disease. These patients may experience an increased risk for developing SMNs following radiation exposure from diagnostic imaging. Similarly, radiotherapy for testicular cancer is associated with increased risks of developing both solid tumors and leukemia. Studies have reported that patients exposed to higher doses of radiation have an increased risk of developing SMNs when compared with patients who received lower doses of radiation. Patients treated with chemotherapy also experience an increased risk of developing SMNs following testicular cancer, though the risk following chemotherapy and radiation therapy combined is not well described. A large population-based study concluded that the rate ratios for both cancer-specific and all-cause mortality for SMNs among testicular cancer survivors were not significantly different from those of matched first cancers. Although it is known that patients who receive adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy or who undergo routine diagnostic or follow-up imaging for a primary testicular cancer are at an increased risk for developing SMNs, the extent of this risk is largely unknown. It is critically important that research be conducted to determine this risk and its contributing factors as accurately as possible. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Testicular Cancer

Science.gov (United States)

... getting it in the other one? Is my son more likely to get testicular cancer if I ... and Animals myhealthfinder Food and Nutrition Healthy Food Choices Weight Loss and Diet Plans Nutrients and Nutritional ...

Enzimas pécticas de Aspergillus kawachii: aislamiento, purificación y caracterización de pectinesterasa

OpenAIRE

Vita, Carolina Elena

2013-01-01

Estudiar la producción de enzimas pectolíticas (tanto novedosas como previamente reportadas) por Aspergillus kawachii, caracterizarlas y compararlas con sus equivalentes de otros orígenes. Considerando la capacidad de A. kawachii de producir enzimas activas en condiciones de alta acidez y al escaso conocimiento de su sistema pectolítico, se inició este trabajo de investigación para contribuir al estudio de las pectinasas de este microorganismo. Este trabajo incluyó el screening de actividades...

Testicular biopsy in psittacine birds (Psittaciformes): comparative evaluation of testicular reproductive status by endoscopic, histologic, and cytologic examination.

Science.gov (United States)

Hänse, Maria; Krautwald-Junghanns, Maria-Elisabeth; Reitemeier, Susanne; Einspanier, Almuth; Schmidt, Volker

2013-12-01

Knowledge of the reproductive cycle of male parrots is important for examining the male genital tract and for successful breeding, especially of endangered species. To evaluate different diagnostic methods and criteria concerning the classification of reproductive stages, we examined 20 testicular samples obtained at necropsy in psittacine birds of different species and testicular biopsy samples collected from 9 cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) and 7 rose-ringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri) by endoscopy 4 times over a 12-month period. The testicular reproductive status was assessed histologically and then compared with the macroscopic appearance of the testicles and cytologic results. The histologic examination was nondiagnostic in 19 of 59 testicular biopsy samples. By contrast, the cytologic preparations were diagnostic in 57 of 59 biopsy samples. The results of the cytologic examination coincided with the histologic results in 34 of 38 biopsy samples and 18 of 20 necropsy samples. Macroscopic parameters displayed some differences between reproductive stages but provided an unreliable indication of the reproductive status. These results suggest that microscopic examination of a testicular biopsy sample is a reliable method for evaluating the reproductive status of male parrots and is preferable to the macroscopic evaluation of the testicle. Cytologic examination provides fast preliminary results, even when the histologic preparation is not sufficient for evaluation, but results may be erroneous. Thus, a combination of histologic and cytologic examination is recommended for evaluating testicular reproductive status.

Testicular cancer knowledge among deaf and hearing men.

Science.gov (United States)

Sacks, Loren; Nakaji, Melanie; Harry, Kadie M; Oen, Marcia; Malcarne, Vanessa L; Sadler, Georgia Robins

2013-09-01

Testicular cancer typically affects young and middle-aged men. An educational video about prostate and testicular cancer was created in American Sign Language, with English open captioning and voice overlay, so that it could be viewed by audiences of diverse ages and hearing characteristics. This study recruited young Deaf (n = 85) and hearing (n = 90) adult males to help evaluate the educational value of the testicular cancer portion of this video. Participants completed surveys about their general, testicular, and total cancer knowledge before and after viewing the video. Although hearing men had higher pre-test scores than Deaf men, both Deaf and hearing men demonstrated significant increases in General, Testicular, and Total Cancer Knowledge scores after viewing the intervention video. Overall, results demonstrate the value of the video to Deaf and hearing men.

Onco-testicular sperm extraction: birth of a healthy baby after fertility preservation in synchronous bilateral testicular cancer and azoospermia.

Science.gov (United States)

Roque, M; Sampaio, M; Salles, P G de Oliveira; Geber, S

2015-05-01

Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) represent 1%-1.5% of all male neoplasms, and they have the highest prevalence among men between 15 and 35 years old. Synchronous bilateral disease is a rare presentation, and the ratio of metachronous to synchronous bilateral disease is about 4 : 1. Several studies have suggested a correlation between male infertility and testicular cancer, with a 20-fold increase in the incidence of testicular cancer in infertile patients compared with the general population. At the time of diagnosis, 50%-75% of patients with unilateral TGCT present with subfertility; almost 13% of the patients are azoospermic before treatment, and up to two-thirds of patients become azoospermic following adjuvant cancer therapies. Therefore, fertility preservation should be considered in all oncological treatments. The only available option to preserve the reproductive potential in azoospermic patients with testicular cancer is to perform an onco-testicular sperm extraction (onco-TESE) before cancer treatment. In this paper, we describe a rare case of a patient with synchronous bilateral testicular cancer and azoospermia who was submitted to onco-TESE, sperm cryopreservation, and which was followed by the delivery of a healthy baby after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), emphasising the importance of fertility preservation in oncology patients. © 2014 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Treatment-associated leukemia following testicular cancer

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Travis, LB; Andersson, M; Gospodarowicz, M; van Leeuwen, FE; Bergfeldt, K; Lynch, CF; Curtis, RE; Kohler, BA; Wiklund, T; Storm, H; Holowaty, E; Hall, P; Pukkala, E; Sleijfer, DT; Clarke, EA; Boice, JD; Stovall, M; Gilbert, E

2000-01-01

Background: Men with testicular cancer are at an increased risk of leukemia, but the relationship to prior treatments is not well characterized. The purpose of our study was to describe the risk of leukemia following radiotherapy and chemotherapy for testicular cancer. Methods: Within a

Testicular cancer: addressing the psychosexual issues.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Moore, Annamarie

2012-01-31

Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy in men aged 15-35 years and predominantly occurs at a time in a man\\'s life when important decisions about marriage, starting a family and a professional career are being made. While treatments for testicular cancer are very successful, they can have a major impact on the person\\'s sexuality and sense of self. The focus of this article is on exploring the impact of cancer treatments for testicular cancer on men\\'s sexuality and how nurses can respond to their concerns in a sensitive and informed manner.

Qualidade do sêmen de touros das raças Aberdeen Angus e Brangus-Ibagé em frente à degeneração testicular experimental induzida por dexametasona Bulls semen quality of Aberdeen Angus and Brangus-Ibagé breeds after experimental testicular degeneration induced by dexamethasone

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marilise Mesquita Horn

1999-09-01

Full Text Available Foi administrada dexametasona para indução de degeneração testicular experimental em touros de uma raça taurina pura (Aberdeen Angus e de sua sintética derivada (Brangus-Ibagé. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de averiguar a diferença de sensibilidade na função gametogênica em frente à degeneração experimental. Para tal, foram avaliados os aspectos físicos e morfológicos do sêmen. Os dados obtidos foram analisados considerando o dia de coleta e genótipo. Os resultados revelaram que os dois grupos raciais comportaram-se semelhantemente ao longo das coletas. A despeito do número de animais empregados, o uso da degeneração testicular experimental possibilitou evidenciar que não há diferença entre as duas raças quanto à intensidade da degeneração e tempo necessário para o restabelecimento do quadro espermático normal.Testicular degeneration was induced by dexamethasone injection in bulls from a European breed Aberdeen Angus and a derived synthetic crossbreed (Brangus-Ibagé. Aiming to investigate differential sensibility on gametogenic function in these genotypes, physical and morphological semen characteristics were evaluated. The data analysed considered the day of the semen samples and the breed. Our results reveal that both breeds behave similarly during the experimental period. Even considering the number of bulls used in this experiment, the employed methodology gives no evidence of any difference between breeds, intensity of degeneration or time required to the reestablishment of normal sperm frequencies after experimental induction of testicular degeneration.

Hormônio folículo estimulante como preditor do achado de espermatozóides móveis na biópsia testicular de casos de azoospermia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Souza Carlos Augusto Bastos de

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar fatores preditivos do achado de espermatozóides móveis em casos de azoospermia. MÉTODOS: Sessenta pacientes com diagnóstico de azoospermia tiveram avaliado seu volume testicular e dosagens séricas de hormônio folículo estimulante (FSH, hormônio luteinizante (LH, prolactina e testosterona. Os pacientes foram submetidos à biópsia testicular bilateral com anestesia local. As amostras obtidas foram submetidas à avaliação no laboratório de biologia de reprodução, sendo classificadas em: ausência de espermatozóides, presença de espermatozóides móveis e imóveis, e à avaliação histológica. Foram comparados: idade, valores hormonais, volume testicular e histologia com o achado de espermatozóides móveis. Foi considerado significativo um P < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Quarenta e cinco pacientes possuíam azoospermia não-obstrutiva. Foi encontrada uma diferença significativa entre os grupos com achado de espermatozóides móveis e o grupo com ausência de espermatozóides quanto aos valores de FSH (P=0,037 ANOVA one-way. Foi construída uma curva ROC que determinou valores abaixo de 16,05 UI/L (sensibilidade de 76,2%, especificidade de 67,7% como preditivos do achado de espermatozóides móveis. Não foram encontradas outras diferenças estatísticas. CONCLUSÕES: O FSH possui boa acurácia na determinação da presença de espermatozóides móveis na biópsia testicular de pacientes azoospérmicos. O exame físico, os valores de testosterona, LH e prolactina não podem ser utilizados na predição do sucesso da biópsia testicular para fins de reprodução assistida.

Association of Down's syndrome and testicular cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Dieckmann, K P; Rübe, C; Henke, R P

1997-05-01

We present additional clinical evidence for the suspected association of Down's syndrome and testicular germ cell tumors. Four cases of Down's syndrome and testicular cancer are reported. The literature was reviewed for previous cases and analysis regarding common features. The 4 patients were 29 to 35 years old and had clinical stage I seminoma of the testis. Two patients received prophylactic abdominal radiotherapy, 1 is being followed and 1 received adjuvant carboplatin treatment. There was no relapse at followup of 1 to 8 years. One patient also had contralateral cryptorchidism. A total of 16 cases with the association of Down's syndrome and testicular germ cell cancer was documented previously. Evidence for the suspected association of Down's syndrome and testicular cancer is now accumulating. Etiologically it is suspected that, along with genetically determined malformations in many other organs in trisomy 21, the gonads also undergo maldevelopment, thus creating the conditions for step 1 of germ cell tumor oncogenesis in utero. Physicians caring for patients with Down's syndrome should be aware of the possible association with testicular neoplasms.

Some enzymatic properties of cholesterol oxidase produced by Brevibacterium sp Algumas propriedades enzimáticas da colesterol oxidase produzida por Brevibacterium sp.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Terezinha J.G. Salva

1999-12-01

Full Text Available In this study we determined some properties of the cholesterol oxidase from a Brevibacterium strain isolated from buffalo's milk and identified the cholesterol degradation products by the bacterial cell. A small fraction of the enzyme synthesized by cells cultured in liquid medium for 7days was released into the medium whereas a larger fraction remained bound to the cell membrane. The extraction of this fraction was efficiently accomplished in 1 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, containing 0.7% Triton X-100. The enzyme stability under freezing and at 45oC was improved by addition of 20% glycerol. The optimum temperature and pH for the enzyme activity were 53°C and 7.5, respectively. The only steroidal product from cholesterol oxidation by the microbial cell and by the crude extract of the membrane-bound enzyme was 4-colesten-3-one. Chromatographic analysis showed that minor no steroidal compounds as well as 4-colesten-3-one found in the reaction media arose during fermentation process and were extracted together with the enzyme in the buffer solution. Cholesterol oxidation by the membrane-bound enzyme was a first order reaction type.Neste trabalho foram definidas algumas propriedades da enzima colesterol oxidase produzida por uma linhagem de Brevibacterium sp. isolada de leite de búfala e foram identificados os compostos resultantes da degradação do colesterol pela bactéria. Uma pequena fração da enzima sintetizada pelas células cultivadas em meio líquido por 7 dias foi liberada no meio de cultura e uma fração maior permaneceu ligada à membrana celular. A extração desta fração foi eficientemente efetuada em tampão fosfato 1mM, pH 7,0, contendo 0,7% de triton X-100. A estabilidade da enzima congelada e a 45oC foi aumentada pela adição de 20% de glicerol. A temperatura ótima para a atividade enzimática esteve ao redor de 53(0C e o pH ótimo esteve ao redor de 7,5. O único produto da degradação do colesterol, causada pela a

The clinical utility of testicular prosthesis placement in children with genital and testicular disorders

Science.gov (United States)

2014-01-01

Testicular prosthesis placement is a useful important adjunctive reconstructive therapy for managing children with testicular loss or absence. Though these prostheses are functionless, experience has shown that they are extremely helpful in creating a more normal male body image and in preventing/relieving psychological stress in males with a missing testicle. With attention to details of implant technique, excellent cosmetic results can be anticipated in simulating a normal appearing scrotum. PMID:26816795

Caracterização quanto a fatores de patogeniciade de fungos filamentosos isolados da praia de Candeias, Jaboatão dos Guararapes, PE

OpenAIRE

OLIVEIRA, Luciana Gonçalves de

2005-01-01

Os fungos compreendem um grupo de microrganismos sapróbios, cosmopolitas ou simbiontes importantes componentes dos ecossistemas, constituindo o maior grupo de microrganismo responsável pela produção de enzimas. Considerando a escassez de trabalhos que tratam da micota filamentosa em ambientes marinhos, este trabalho teve como objetivos isolar, identificar e caracterizar quanto a fatores de patogenicidade fungos filamentosos do solo e da água da praia de Candeias, Jaboatão dos Guararapes, PE. ...

Global incidence and outcome of testicular cancer

Science.gov (United States)

Shanmugalingam, Thurkaa; Soultati, Aspasia; Chowdhury, Simon; Rudman, Sarah; Van Hemelrijck, Mieke

2013-01-01

Background Testicular cancer is a rare tumor type accounting for 1% of malignancies in men. It is, however, the most common cancer in young men in Western populations. The incidence of testicular cancer is increasing globally, although a decline in mortality rates has been reported in Western countries. It is important to identify whether the variations in trends observed between populations are linked to genetic or environmental factors. Methods Age-standardized incidence rates and age-standardized mortality rates for testicular cancer were obtained for men of all ages in ten countries from the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania using the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5plus) and World Health Organization (WHO) mortality databases. The annual percent change was calculated using Joinpoint regression to assess temporal changes between geographical regions. Results Testicular cancer age-standardized incidence rates are highest in New Zealand (7.8), UK (6.3), Australia (6.1), Sweden (5.6), USA (5.2), Poland (4.9), and Spain (3.8) per 100,000 men. India, China, and Colombia had the lowest incidence (0.5, 1.3, and 2.2, respectively) per 100,000 men. The annual percent changes for overall testicular cancer incidence significantly increased in the European countries Sweden 2.4%, (2.2; 2.6); UK 2.9%, (2.2; 3.6); and Spain 5.0%, (1.7; 8.4), Australia 3.0%, (2.2; 3.7), and China 3.5%, (1.9; 5.1). India had the lowest overall testicular cancer incidence −1.7%, (−2.5; −0.8). Annual percent changes for overall testicular cancer mortality rates were decreasing in all study populations, with the greatest decline observed in Sweden −4.2%, (−4.8; −3.6) and China −4.9%, (−6.5; −3.3). Conclusion Testicular cancer is increasing in incidence in many countries; however, mortality rates remain low and most men are cured. An understanding of the risks and long-term side effects of treatment are important in managing men with this disease. PMID:24204171

Testicular Cancer

Science.gov (United States)

... of skin behind the penis. You can get cancer in one or both testicles. Testicular cancer mainly affects young men between the ages of ... undescended testicle Have a family history of the cancer Symptoms include pain, swelling, or lumps in your ...

GESTATIONAL AGE AT BIRTH AND RISK OF TESTICULAR CANCER

Science.gov (United States)

Crump, Casey; Sundquist, Kristina; Winkleby, Marilyn A.; Sieh, Weiva; Sundquist, Jan

2011-01-01

Most testicular germ cell tumors originate from carcinoma in situ cells in fetal life, possibly related to sex hormone imbalances in early pregnancy. Previous studies of association between gestational age at birth and testicular cancer have yielded discrepant results and have not examined extreme preterm birth. Our objective was to determine whether low gestational age at birth is independently associated with testicular cancer in later life. We conducted a national cohort study of 354,860 men born in Sweden in 1973–1979, including 19,214 born preterm (gestational age testicular cancer incidence through 2008. A total of 767 testicular cancers (296 seminomas and 471 nonseminomatous germ cell tumors) were identified in 11.2 million person-years of follow-up. Extreme preterm birth was associated with an increased risk of testicular cancer (hazard ratio 3.95; 95% CI, 1.67–9.34) after adjusting for other perinatal factors, family history of testicular cancer, and cryptorchidism. Only five cases (three seminomas and two nonseminomas) occurred among men born extremely preterm, limiting the precision of risk estimates. No association was found between later preterm birth, post-term birth, or low or high fetal growth and testicular cancer. These findings suggest that extreme but not later preterm birth may be independently associated with testicular cancer in later life. They are based on a small number of cases and will need confirmation in other large cohorts. Elucidation of the key prenatal etiologic factors may potentially lead to preventive interventions in early life. PMID:22314417

Efeito de enzimas hidrolíticas no comportamento reológico do óleo de palma cru

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

FREITAS Suely P.

1998-01-01

Full Text Available No processamento tradicional de extração de óleo de palma, uma quantidade substancial do produto é perdida na fibra - durante a etapa de prensagem do fruto - e na borra - durante a etapa de clarificação do óleo cru. A viscosidade deste constitui a principal dificuldade de separação do óleo dos demais componentes da mistura. A eficiência de recuperação do óleo é usualmente melhorada por adição de água, no tanque de clarificação. Neste trabalho avaliou-se os efeitos da diluição e do tratamento enzimático no comportamento reológico do óleo de palma cru. Estes dados são importantes para estimar a velocidade de separação do óleo nos tanques de clarificação e/ou nos decanters das usinas comerciais. O óleo cru utilizado neste estudo foi recolhido em uma unidade comercial sendo composto de 65% de água, 30% de óleo e 5% de sólidos. A hidrólise enzimática foi conduzida usando como agentes hidrolisantes uma enzima comercial (viscozyme da Novo Nordisk e um preparado enzimático produzido no CTAA. Pode-se constatar que quanto mais diluída a amostra maior é a redução na viscosidade após a hidrólise enzimática. Para uma taxa de deformação fixa em 6s-1, o tratamento enzimático do óleo cru a 60°C reduziu a viscosidade do mesmo em cerca de 29% enquanto a adição de 20% de água em cerca de 35%. A combinação da diluição com 20% de água seguida de tratamento enzimático reduziu a viscosidade do óleo cru em cerca de 75%.

Matriz extracelular e enzimas degradatórias na hematopoese e doenças onco-hematológicas Extracellular matrix in hematopoiesis and hematologic malignancies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana L. Dreyfuss

2008-10-01

Full Text Available A matriz extracelular (MEC é uma rede complexa composta por quatro grandes classes de macromoléculas: colágenos, proteoglicanos (PGs, glicosaminoglicanos (GAGs e glicoproteínas adesivas. As interações entre as células e a MEC são cruciais para determinar os padrões de comportamento celular, tais como crescimento, morte, diferenciação e motilidade. A hematopoese é o sistema responsável pela produção das células sangüíneas. O controle da proliferação e diferenciação destas células é feito através da interação das células com o microambiente da medula óssea (matriz extracelular. A adesão de progenitores hematopoéticos a moléculas da MEC e a ativação das integrinas são modulados por uma variedade de citocinas e fatores de crescimento, e esta modulação parece ser o mecanismo de regulação que influencia a proliferação de células-tronco e progenitores hematopoéticos, migração transendotelial ou transestromal e homing. Tanto no processo de migração, homing e invasão tumoral, as células seguem os seguintes passos: 1 - Degradação da MEC por enzimas secretadas pelas células: metaloproteinases, colagenases, plasmina, catepsinas, glicosidases e heparanases; 2 - Locomoção das células na região da MEC previamente degradada pelas enzimas; 3 - Adesão das células via receptores específicos da superfície celular, que geralmente interagem com componentes da MEC. Nas doenças onco-hematológicas, a interação das células neoplásicas com a matriz extracelular também influencia na agressividade e prognóstico da doença.The extracellular matrix (ECM is a complex structure composed of collagens, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans and adhesive glycoproteins. Interactions between the cells and the ECM are crucial to determine cell behavior, such as growth, death, differentiation and motility. Hematopoiesis is the system responsible for the production of blood cells. The control of proliferation and

Desenvolvimento corporal e testicular em machos de codornas de corte e de postura de 25 a 360 dias

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Tatiana C. Santos

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Codornas do tipo carne e tipo ovos foram analisadas para determinar o desenvolvimento reprodutivo, a puberdade e o início da senilidade. Para tal, 288 codornas (144 codornas de corte e 144 de postura foram acompanhadas desde a eclosão até os 360 dias de idade. As aves foram distribuídas por idade em 18 grupos, sendo 8 codornas/grupo/tipo de codorna. Após 35 dias as codornas foram mantidas em condições de fotoperíodo de dias longos (17luz: 7escuro. O peso vivo e os valores morfométricos e histológicos testiculares foram determinados em cada período. Os dados obtidos foram analisados para determinar a curva de crescimento e o comportamento dos parâmetros analisados. O modelo que mais se adequou aos dados foi o modelo não linear de Gompertz (Y=A exp [-B e (-kt]. O peso vivo e as características testiculares macro e microscópicas apresentaram comportamento alométrico entre si, sendo que, aproximadamente aos 60 dias os machos apresentaram-se sexualmente desenvolvidos, e estabilizaram o peso corporal por volta dos 100 dias. O testículo direito é mais cranial que o esquerdo e diferem em relação a comprimento e largura, porém não foi observada diferenças (P>0,05 para peso testicular. As codornas de corte apresentaram peso corporal e peso testicular maiores que as codornas de postura, porém as codornas de postura apresentaram peso relativo testicular maior. Durante todo o período analisado os machos puderam ser considerados sexualmente aptos. Os reprodutores apresentaram características sexuais ativas até os 360 dias de idade, representadas pelo tamanho testicular e pela atividade celular nos túbulos seminíferos.

Baldness and testicular cancer: the EPSAM case-control study.

Science.gov (United States)

Moirano, G; Zugna, D; Grasso, C; Lista, P; Ciuffreda, L; Segnan, N; Merletti, F; Richiardi, L

2016-03-01

The etiology of testicular cancer is largely unexplained. Research has mainly focused on prenatal exposures, especially to sex hormones, while less attention has been paid to exposures that may act also postnatally. As baldness has been previously associated with testicular cancer risk we focused on baldness and body hairiness, which are both associated with androgen activity. We used data of the Postnatal Exposures and Male Health (EPSAM) study, a case-control study on testicular cancer conducted in the Province of Turin, Italy, involving cases diagnosed between 1997 and 2008. Information was collected using mailed questionnaires. Analyses included 255 cases and 459 controls. We calculated ORs and 95% CIs to estimate testicular cancer risk among those who developed baldness and among those with body hairiness. We found an inverse association between testicular cancer and baldness (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46-0.98) and body hairiness (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.53-1.16), although the latter had wider CIs. The inverse association between baldness and testicular cancer is consistent with the results from previous studies. These results suggest that androgens activity may influence testicular cancer risk. © 2016 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology.

Phthalate excretion pattern and testicular function

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Joensen, Ulla Nordström; Frederiksen, Hanne; Jensen, Martin Blomberg

2012-01-01

In animals, some phthalates impair male reproductive development and function. Epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent evidence of associations between phthalates and markers of human testicular function.......In animals, some phthalates impair male reproductive development and function. Epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent evidence of associations between phthalates and markers of human testicular function....

PROSPECÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA DA UTILIZAÇÃO DA LIPASE OBTIDAS POR FERMENTAÇÃO DE LEVEDURAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nayara Dannnielle Costa de Sousa

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Enzimas lipolíticas ou lipases estão envolvidas na degradação de lipídios e desenvolvem um importante papel na reciclagem de compostos insolúveis em água. Estão amplamente distribuídas na natureza, podendo ser de origem animal, vegetal e microbiana. As principais fontes de obtenção de lipases para aplicação industrial têm sido os microrganismos eucariotos (leveduras e fungos. Contudo, faz-se necessária a busca por mais microrganismos produtores de lipase em diferentes condições de cultivo. Assim, este trabalho objetivou realizar a prospecção tecnológica da utilização da lipase obtida por fermentação de leveduras afim de se avaliar o perfil quantitativo das publicações de artigos e proteções por meio de patentes relativas aos processos envolvendo esse grupo de microrganismo no indexador Web of Science e a base de dados de patentes, Derwent Innovation Index, Europen patent Office (EPO, no United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO, World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO e no banco de dados do Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI do Brasil. Para determinar a evolução biotecnológica envolvendo a enzima lipolítica de levedura foi realizada um levantamento de patentes e de artigos científicos publicados, em junho/2015. Encontrou-se 1.228 artigos, e cerca 918 patentes na Derwent Innovation Index, 241 na EPO, 219 na WIPO, 10 na USPTO e 1 no INPI relacionados a lipase provenientes de levedura. A prospecção tecnológica se destaca por uma evolução a partir da década de 90 e pelo baixo registro de patentes no Brasil em relação ao número de artigos.

Surviving testicular cancer: the Lebanese lived experience.

Science.gov (United States)

Saab, Mohammad; Noureddine, Samar; Abu-Saad Huijer, Huda; Dejong, Jocelyn

2014-01-01

Testicular cancer is thought to have a great impact on its survivors, yet there has been limited literature on the topic globally and no literature on the topic in Lebanon and the Arab region. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of Lebanese testicular cancer survivors and gain an in-depth understanding of the psychosexual aspect of their experience. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach with semistructured digitally recorded interviews and observational field notes was utilized. A purposive sample of Lebanese testicular cancer survivors, aged between 18 and 50 years, in remission for at least 3 years, and willing to share personal information was recruited. Interviews were transcribed verbatim in Arabic. Data saturation was achieved at the seventh interview; a total of eight informants were recruited. The opening question was, "Tell me about your life since you got treated for testicular cancer," and was followed by probing questions. Two to three weeks after the initial interview, informants were called to validate the investigators' primary analysis. Six core themes emerged: cancer perception in the Lebanese culture; "do not show, do not tell"; cancer experience is a turning point; fertility, manhood, and relationships; coping with cancer; and preserved aspects of life. The findings provide an in-depth understanding of the experience of Lebanese testicular cancer survivors with a focus on the psychosexual aspect of this experience. The results suggest the need to educate patients about testicular cancer and its effect on their fertility.

Familial risks in testicular cancer as aetiological clues.

Science.gov (United States)

Hemminki, Kari; Chen, Bowang

2006-02-01

We used the nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database to analyse the risk for testicular cancer in offspring through parental and sibling probands. Among 0 to 70-year-old offspring, 4,586 patients had testicular cancer. Standardized incidence ratios for familial risk were 3.8-fold when a father and 7.6-fold when a brother had testicular cancer. Testicular cancer was associated with leukaemia, distal colon and kidney cancer, melanoma, connective tissue tumours and lung cancer in families. Non-seminoma was associated with maternal lung cancer but the risk was highest for the late-onset cases, providing no support to the theory of the in utero effect of maternal smoking on the son's risk of testicular cancer. However, the theory cannot be excluded but should be taken up for study when further data are available on maternal smoking. The high familial risk may be the product of shared childhood environment and heritable causes.

Burned-Out Testicular Tumor: A Case Report

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N. Balalaa

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Germ cell tumors constitute the majority of all testicular tumors, which are relatively rare overall and are mainly encountered in young adults and teenagers. The term ‘burned-out’ germ cell tumor refers to the presence of a metastatic germ cell tumor with histological regression of the primary testicular lesion. Clinical examination of the testes and scrotal sonography is pivotal in the initial diagnosis of such neoplasms. We present a case of a 31-year-old male with a retroperitoneal mass and no palpable lesion on testicular examination.

Testicular lymphocytic vasculitis treated with prednisolone and azathioprine.

Science.gov (United States)

Kanzawa, Yohei; Imai, Yukihiro; Mizuno, Yasushi; Nishioka, Hiroaki

2017-07-01

Testicular vasculitis is a rare condition and little is known about its morphological features. Herein, we report a case of testicular lymphocytic vasculitis, which is rarely documented, in an elderly man. He presented with left testicular swelling and fever, but without any signs of other organ involvement. He was effectively treated with prednisolone and azathioprine. This case report offers information related to the disease course and the importance of biopsy.

Genetics Home Reference: 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development

Science.gov (United States)

... 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development Printable PDF Open ... to view the expand/collapse boxes. Description 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development is a condition ...

Early detection of testicular cancer: revisiting the role of self-efficacy in testicular self-examination among young asymptomatic males.

Science.gov (United States)

Umeh, Kanayo; Chadwick, Rebecca

2016-02-01

Research suggests that self-efficacy is an important factor in behaviors that facilitate the early-detection of various cancers. In general people with high self-efficacy are more likely to attend cancer screening sessions or perform bodily self-exams. However, there is a paucity of research focusing on testicular cancer and testicular self-examination (TSE). The effect of self-efficacy on TSE remains unclear especially given the relative obscurity of the testicular cancer threat, and appropriate clinical- and self-detection procedures, in the young asymptomatic male population. Thus, the present study tested the interaction of self-efficacy with young men's appraisals of the threat of testicular cancer. The study was based on 2 × 2 × 2 mixed factorial experimental design. Over 100 young asymptomatic men were exposed to a health warning about testicular cancer and randomly assigned to high/low self-efficacy, vulnerability, and severity conditions. High self-efficacy increased motivation to perform TSE given high vulnerability, but damaged attitudes to self-exams given low vulnerability and severity estimates. High self-efficacy also facilitated subsequent TSE. Overall, these findings support preexisting notions of self-efficacy but raise new questions about the moderating effects of threat appraisals.

Spermatogenesis and testicular tumours in ageing dogs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Peters, M. A.; de rooij, D. G.; Teerds, K. J.; van der Gaag, I.; van Sluijs, F. J.

2000-01-01

Spermatogenesis was examined in testes from 74 dogs of various breeds without clinically detected testicular disease. A modified Johnsen score system was used to determine whether spermatogenesis deteriorates with ageing. The diameter of seminiferous tubules was measured in dogs without testicular

Testicular Cancer Education in the Classroom.

Science.gov (United States)

Wohl, Royal E.

1998-01-01

Testicular cancer (TC) education is not widespread, though TC is the most common cancer in men ages 15-34 years. Teachers can positively influence young men by providing TC and testicular self-examination (TSE) education in school. The paper describes TC and TSE, discussing strategies for and barriers to implementation of TC/TSE instruction in the…

Testicular Metastasis of Prostate Cancer: A Case Report

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Ayumu Kusaka

2014-09-01

Full Text Available The incidence of secondary neoplasms of the testis during autopsies is approximately 2.5%. Although most secondary testicular metastases are due to prostate cancer, only a few patients with prostate cancer have clinically manifested testicular metastasis. We report the case of a prostate cancer patient with testicular metastasis who was diagnosed after the presence of a palpable mass in the right testis. A 56-year-old Japanese male presented to our hospital with an elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA level of 137 ng/ml. He was diagnosed with stage IV (T3N1M1b prostate cancer and received androgen deprivation therapy, followed by various hormonal manipulations. His serum PSA level was undetectable for 1 year. No distant metastases were detected during imaging examinations. He received radiation therapy; however, his serum PSA level increased gradually. Four months later, he presented with right testicular swelling. Computed tomography revealed a heterogenous mass in the right testis and a right high inguinal orchiectomy was performed. Histopathological analysis showed that the right testis was infiltrated with metastatic adenocarcinoma with a Gleason score of 8. This is a rare case of right testicular metastasis in a patient with prostate cancer. Testicular metastasis of prostate cancer can be aggressive and metastasize.

Intermittent Testicular Torsion

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2017-12-05

, presence of abnormal testicular lie in otherwise normal testes, absence of urinary symptoms, and negative urine cultures. This diagnosis was confirmed by resolution of symptoms following bilateral orchidopexy. All patients ...

Surviving testicular cancer: : sexuality & other existential issues

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pool, Grietje

2003-01-01

The thesis deals with the psychological aspects of ‘sexuality after testicular cancer’, where my collegue, the physician dr. Van Basten formerly predominantly described the physical-biological aspects of this subject. Testicular cancer is a type of male genital cancer, usually diagnosed between

Testicular lymphoma

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Michael Boe; d'Amore, F; Christensen, Bjarne Egelund

1994-01-01

In a Danish population-based non-Hodgkin's lymphoma registry, 2687 newly diagnosed patients were registered from 1983 to 1992. 39 had testicular involvement (TL) (incidence 0.26/10(5)/year). Median age was 71 years. 24 cases had localised and 15 had disseminated disease. Histologically, all cases...

Studies of the hormonal control of postnatal testicular descent in the rat.

Science.gov (United States)

Spencer, J R; Vaughan, E D; Imperato-McGinley, J

1993-03-01

Dihydrotestosterone is believed to control the transinguinal phase of testicular descent based on hormonal manipulation studies performed in postnatal rats. In the present study, these hormonal manipulation experiments were repeated, and the results were compared with those obtained using the antiandrogens flutamide and cyproterone acetate. 17 beta-estradiol completely blocked testicular descent, but testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were equally effective in reversing this inhibition. Neither flutamide nor cyproterone acetate prevented testicular descent in postnatal rats despite marked peripheral antiandrogenic action. Further analysis of the data revealed a correlation between testicular size and descent. Androgen receptor blockade did not produce a marked reduction in testicular size and consequently did not prevent testicular descent, whereas estradiol alone caused marked testicular atrophy and testicular maldescent. Reduction of the estradiol dosage or concomitant administration of androgens or human chorionic gonadotropin resulted in both increased testicular size and degree of descent. These data suggest that growth of the neonatal rat testis may contribute to its passage into the scrotum.

“extracción, purificación parcial y secado de la enzima bromelina obtenida a partir del corazón de la piña (ananas comosus)”.

OpenAIRE

Quinde Fuentes, Carmina Stefania; Sánchez Lluguín, Nancy Viviana

2013-01-01

El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo la purificación parcial de la enzima bromelina mediante el sistema bifásico acuoso (SBA), evaluando el efecto del pH y las concentraciones de los componentes PEG 8000 y sales fosfato del sistema. La bromelina fue extraída del corazón de la piña de la variedad Milagreña mediante solución buffer a 4°c con EDTA, cisteína y fosfato disódico anhídrido. El mejor resultado de purificación obtenido en el sistema bifásico acuoso fue el que consistió de 16% PEG, ...

Testicular cancer - epidemiology, etiology and risk factors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ondrusova, M.; Ondrus, D.

2012-01-01

Testicular cancer is a rare malignancy, that affects 1-2 % of male population. Trends of testicular cancer mortality are stable for a long period of time, even that incidence shows a rapid growth. This paper deals with national trends in testicular cancer incidence and mortality in Slovakia from 1968 to 2007 by using the join-point regression analysis to propose potential changes in health care. The authors noted a statistically significant increase in the values of incidence and improvement in mortality after 1975. Paper also deals with the etiology and risk factors of this malignancy. (author)

Disponibilidade de fósforo estimada por três métodos químicos e pela atividade de duas enzimas em solos que receberam incorporação de materiais orgânicos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. S. Berton

1997-12-01

Full Text Available A disponibilidade de fósforo em amostras dos solos Aquatibia (solo aluvial e Hoda (podzólico vermelho-amarelo eutrófico, incubados com quantidades crescentes de materiais orgânicos (palha de cevada, parte aérea de feijão-caupi, esterco de curral e lodo de esgoto, foi estimada por três métodos químicos e pela atividade das enzimas fosfatase ácida e fosfodiesterase, no Departamento de Ciências do Solo e Ambientais da Universidade da Califórnia/Riverside, de janeiro a novembro de 1985. Em estudo em casa de vegetação, a produção de matéria seca e a quantidade de P absorvida pela parte aérea de plantas de milho cultivadas nos solos que receberam os mesmos materiais orgânicos foram determinadas. A disponibilidade de P medida pela extração com água correlacionou-se, significativamente, apenas quando o esterco de curral e o lodo de esgoto foram adicionados aos solos Aquatibia e Hoda, respectivamente. A resina de troca aniônica e o Mehlich 1 foram os métodos mais indicados para determinar a disponibilidade de P para o milho quando os solos receberam quantidades crescentes dos materiais orgânicos. As altas quantidades de P extraídas pela resina de troca aniônica do solo com alta capacidade de adsorção de P indicaram que esse método foi o que melhor considerou os fatores intensidade e capacidade do solo. A atividade da enzima fosfodiesterase do solo revelou ser um bom índice para a determinação do P disponível para o milho, quando os solos receberam a adição do feijão-caupi e do esterco de curral.

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy changes the incidence of bilateral testicular cancer

NARCIS (Netherlands)

vanBasten, JPA; Hoekstra, HJ; vanDriel, MF; Sleijfer, DT; Droste, JHJ; Schraffordt Koops, H.

Background: The introduction of cisplatin-based chemotherapy has remarkably increased the survival of testicular cancer patients. With this success, the concern for a contraIateral testicular tumor has increased. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the risk for contralateral testicular

Adolescent and adult risk factors for testicular cancer

Science.gov (United States)

McGlynn, Katherine A.; Trabert, Britton

2014-01-01

The incidence of testicular cancer has been increasing over the past several decades in many developed countries. The reasons for the increases are unknown because risk factors for the disease are poorly understood. Some research suggests that exposures in utero or in early childhood are likely to be important in determining an individual's level of risk. However, other research suggests that exposure to various factors in adolecence and adulthood are also linked to the development of testicular cancer. Of these, two occupational exposures—firefighting and aircraft maintenance—and one environmental exposure (to organochloride pesticides) are likely to be associated with increased risk of developing testicular cancer. By contrast, six of the identified factors—diet, types of physical activity, military service as well as exposure to ionizing radiation, electricity and acrylamide—are unlikely to increase the risk of developing testicular cancer. Finally, seven further exposures—to heat, polyvinylchloride, nonionizing radiation, heavy metals, agricultural work, pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls as well as marijuana use—require further study to determine their association with testicular cancer. PMID:22508459

Adolescent and adult risk factors for testicular cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

McGlynn, Katherine A; Trabert, Britton

2012-04-17

The incidence of testicular cancer has been increasing over the past several decades in many developed countries. The reasons for the increases are unknown because the risk factors for the disease are poorly understood. Some research suggests that in utero exposures, or those in early childhood, are likely to be important in determining an individual's level of risk. However, other research suggests that exposure to various factors in adolescence and adulthood is also linked to the development of testicular cancer. Of these, two adult occupational exposures-fire fighting and aircraft maintenance--and one environmental exposure (to organochlorine pesticides) are likely to be associated with increased risk of developing testicular cancer. By contrast, seven of the identified factors--diet, types of physical activity, military service, police work as well as exposure to ionizing radiation, electricity and acrylamide--are unlikely to increase the risk of developing testicular cancer. Finally, seven further exposures--to heat, polyvinyl chloride, nonionizing radiation, heavy metals, agricultural work, pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls as well as marijuana use--require further study to determine their association with testicular cancer.

Spermatogenesis and testicular tumours in ageing dogs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Peters, M. A.; de rooij, D. G.; Teerds, K. J.; van de Gaag, I.; van Sluijs, F. J.

2001-01-01

The aims of this investigation were to quantify the changes in canine spermatogenesis that occur during ageing and to study the prevalence of testicular tumours and their effects on spermatogenesis in dogs. Testes from 74 dogs of various breeds without clinically detected testicular disease and from

Right paratesticular abscess mimicking neonatal testicular torsion ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

U.O. Ezomike

Abstract. The clinical presentation of neonatal paratesticular abscess may closely resemble that of, neonatal testicular torsion and the use of scrotal ultrasonography to differentiate the two has low, sensitivity. We propose early operative treatment of suspected neonatal testicular torsion to salvage, the testicle in cases of ...

Testicular index and histology in breeder broilers of the lineage Avian Farm submitted to the feed restriction

OpenAIRE

Drummond, Cristina Delarete; Murgas, Luis David Solis; Bertechini, Antonio Gilberto; Rodenas, Carolina Elizabeth O.; Maciel, Mônica Patrícia; Alvarenga, Ana Luisa N.; Sousa, Sara Zardini de

2004-01-01

Nos reprodutores de frangos de corte, a restrição alimentar precoce é usada para limitar o ganho de peso corporal e otimizar o desempenho reprodutivo. Conduziu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da utilização da restrição alimentar no período de 14 a 121 dias de idade das aves sobre o índice gonadal e histologia testicular em galos reprodutores de corte. Foram avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: controle; 6 dias de alimentação e 1 não (6:1); e 5 dias de alimentação e 2 não (5...

BpuAmI: a novel SacI neoschizomer from Bacillus pumilus discovered in an isolate from Amazon Basin, recognizing 5'-GAG¯CTC-3' BpuAmI: um novo neoesquisomero de SacI de Bacillus pumilus descoberta em um isolado oriundo da Bacia Amazônica, reconhecendo 5'-GAG¯CTC-3'

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jocelei M. Chies

2006-03-01

Full Text Available A strain of Bacillus pumilus was isolated and identified from water samples collected from a small affluent of the Amazon River. Type II restriction endonuclease activity was detected in these bacteria. The enzyme was purified and the molecular weight of the native protein estimated by gel filtration and SDS-PAGE. The optimum pH, temperature and salt requirements were determined. Quality control assays showed the complete absence of "nonspecific nucleases." Restriction cleavage analysis and DNA sequencing of restriction fragments allowed the unequivocal demonstration of 5´GAG¯CTC3´ as the recognition sequence. This enzyme was named BpuAmI and is apparently a neoschizomer of the prototype restriction endonuclease SacI. This is the first report of an isoschizomer and/or neoschizomer of the prototype SacI identified in the genus Bacillus.Uma linhagem de Bacillus pumilus foi isolada e identificada de amostras de águas coletadas em um pequeno Igarapé do Rio Amazonas. Foi detectada atividade de restrição do tipo II nesta bactéria. A enzima foi purificada e o peso molecular da proteína nativa foi estimado por gel filtração e por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida. Foram determinados, o pH e temperatura ótimos e as necessidades de sais. Os ensaios do controle de qualidade mostraram uma ausência completa de "nucleases não específicas". As analises das clivagens e o seqüenciamento do DNA dos fragmentos de restrição permitiram uma demonstração inequívoca de que 5´GAG¯CTC 3´ é a seqüência de reconhecimento da enzima. Esta enzima foi denominada de BpuAmI e aparentemente é um neoesquisômero da enzima protótipo SacI. Este é o primeiro relato de um isoesquisômero e/ou neoesquisômero da enzima protótipo SacI identificada no gênero Bacillus.

Avaliação da concentração de pectinase no processo de hidrólise-sacarificação do farelo de mandioca para obtenção de etanol

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

LEONEL M.

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a concentração de pectinase (Pectinex Ultra SP-L no processo de hidrólise-sacarificação do farelo de mandioca para produção de etanol. Foram avaliadas quatro concentrações da enzima pectinase com enzima complemetar as amilases e o tratamento com apenas as amilases. Realizou-se a caracterização do hidrolisado e resíduo fibroso resultantes do processo, e os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a concentração mínima de pectinase para um bom rendimento do processo foi 8Kg enzima/t fibras, com. 89,4% do amido hidrolisado. Quanto ao resíduo fibroso, este apresenta potencialidade de aproveitamento com base para produtos dietéticos ricos em fibras.

Importância do diagnóstico e tratamento da fenilcetonúria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nádia VM de Mira

2000-02-01

Full Text Available A fenilcetonúria (PKU é o mais comum dos erros congênitos do metabolismo de aminoácidos. Resulta da deficiência da fenilalanina hidroxilase, enzima que catalisa a conversão de fenilalanina em tirosina. A introdução de uma dieta com baixo teor de fenilalanina deve ter início nos primeiros meses de vida, de preferência no primeiro mês, para evitar o retardo mental, manifestação clínica mais severa da doença. Foi elaborada revisão sobre essa temática, que aborda desde a PKU clássica até a hiperfenilalaninemia branda, incluindo relato sobre a PKU maternal e os efeitos da exposição do útero a altos níveis de fenilalanina sobre o feto.

Importância do diagnóstico e tratamento da fenilcetonúria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mira Nádia VM de

2000-01-01

Full Text Available A fenilcetonúria (PKU é o mais comum dos erros congênitos do metabolismo de aminoácidos. Resulta da deficiência da fenilalanina hidroxilase, enzima que catalisa a conversão de fenilalanina em tirosina. A introdução de uma dieta com baixo teor de fenilalanina deve ter início nos primeiros meses de vida, de preferência no primeiro mês, para evitar o retardo mental, manifestação clínica mais severa da doença. Foi elaborada revisão sobre essa temática, que aborda desde a PKU clássica até a hiperfenilalaninemia branda, incluindo relato sobre a PKU maternal e os efeitos da exposição do útero a altos níveis de fenilalanina sobre o feto.

MANNAN OLIGOSACCHARIDES AND ENZYMES IN CORN AND SOYBEAN MEAL BASED-DIETS FOR BROILERS MANANOLIGOSSACARÍDEOS E ENZIMAS EM DIETAS À BASE DE MILHO E FARELO DE SOJA PARA AVES

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Vera Maria Barbosa de Moraes

2007-09-01

Full Text Available

Mannan oligosaccharides, as an alternative to an-tibiotics, show promising results related to bird perfor-mance, immunity stimulus and improvement of intestinal mucosa. Enzyme inclusion in diets containing mannan oli-gosaccharides could improve these results. Poultry diets consist of corn and soybean meal, and approximately 30% of the phosphorus (P in these ingredients is bound to phytic acid. Phytase is capable of release not only the P but also other nutrients that can be better used by the birds while corn is relatively free of viscosous nonstarch poly-saccharides (NSP, soybean has about 20% of NSP, whose digestibility is almost null. NSP`s insoluble component of corn and soybean encapsulate nutrients and are responsive to exogenous enzymes. Negative environmental and nutri-tional consequences of dietary phytic acid are reduced by phytase inclusion in monogastric diets. Additionally, the enzymatic complex supplementation improves the nutri-tional value of feedstuffs through higher digestibility in birds. Finally, the use of exogenous enzymes allows re-duction in feed costs.

KEY-WORDS: Animal nutrition, enzymatic supplementation, prebiotic.

Os mananoligossacarídeos, como alternativa aos antibióticos, têm apresentado resultados promissores no que se refere tanto ao desempenho das aves quanto ao estímulo da imunidade e à melhora da mucosa intestinal. A inclusão de enzimas nas dietas contendo mananoligossacarídeos poderia melhorar ainda mais esses resultados. As dietas para aves são compostas de milho e farelo de soja, principalmente, e cerca de 30% do fósforo (P desses in-gredientes estão ligados ao ácido fítico. A fitase libera não só o P, mas também outros nutrientes para que sejam me-lhor utilizados pelas aves. O milho é relativamente isento de polissacarídeos não-amiláceos (PNAs viscosos e a soja apresenta cerca de 20% de PNAs, com digestibilidade praticamente nula. Os componentes insolúveis dos PNAs do

Testicular Cancer Survivorship: Research Strategies and Recommendations

Science.gov (United States)

Beard, Clair; Allan, James M.; Dahl, Alv A.; Feldman, Darren R.; Oldenburg, Jan; Daugaard, Gedske; Kelly, Jennifer L.; Dolan, M. Eileen; Hannigan, Robyn; Constine, Louis S.; Oeffinger, Kevin C.; Okunieff, Paul; Armstrong, Greg; Wiljer, David; Miller, Robert C.; Gietema, Jourik A.; van Leeuwen, Flora E.; Williams, Jacqueline P.; Nichols, Craig R.; Einhorn, Lawrence H.; Fossa, Sophie D.

2010-01-01

Testicular cancer represents the most curable solid tumor, with a 10-year survival rate of more than 95%. Given the young average age at diagnosis, it is estimated that effective treatment approaches, in particular, platinum-based chemotherapy, have resulted in an average gain of several decades of life. This success, however, is offset by the emergence of considerable long-term morbidity, including second malignant neoplasms, cardiovascular disease, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, hypogonadism, decreased fertility, and psychosocial problems. Data on underlying genetic or molecular factors that might identify those patients at highest risk for late sequelae are sparse. Genome-wide association studies and other translational molecular approaches now provide opportunities to identify testicular cancer survivors at greatest risk for therapy-related complications to develop evidence-based long-term follow-up guidelines and interventional strategies. We review research priorities identified during an international workshop devoted to testicular cancer survivors. Recommendations include 1) institution of lifelong follow-up of testicular cancer survivors within a large cohort setting to ascertain risks of emerging toxicities and the evolution of known late sequelae, 2) development of comprehensive risk prediction models that include treatment factors and genetic modifiers of late sequelae, 3) elucidation of the effect(s) of decades-long exposure to low serum levels of platinum, 4) assessment of the overall burden of medical and psychosocial morbidity, and 5) the eventual formulation of evidence-based long-term follow-up guidelines and interventions. Just as testicular cancer once served as the paradigm of a curable malignancy, comprehensive follow-up studies of testicular cancer survivors can pioneer new methodologies in survivorship research for all adult-onset cancer. PMID:20585105

Determination of a normogram for testicular volume measured by ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

4.67years, 1.18±0.29m, 24.79±14.76kg and 15.82±2.63kg/m2. The mean testicular volume in the study population was 1.93±3.31ml. The right and left mean testicular volume were 2.27±+3.66ml and 2.23±3.61ml, respectively. Testicular volume ...

Testicular Rupture: A Tough Nut to Crack

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Tyler L. Holliday

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Blunt scrotal injury represents a diagnostic dilemma for emergency physicians (EP. Consequently, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS has emerged as a tool for early investigation of the acute scrotum in the emergency department. We describe a case where an EP used scrotal POCUS to immediately visualize the loss of testicular contour and underlying heterogeneous parenchyma to rapidly make the diagnosis of testicular rupture in a young male presenting with scrotal trauma. The use of POCUS in this case expedited therapy, likely improving the patient’s outcome. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed description of testicular rupture diagnosed with POCUS by an EP

Long-term Morbidity of Testicular Cancer Treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

Fung, Chunkit; Fossa, Sophie D; Williams, Annalynn; Travis, Lois B

2015-08-01

Second malignant neoplasms, cardiovascular disease, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity, pulmonary complications, hypogonadism, and nephrotoxicity are potentially life-threatening long-term complications of testicular cancer and its therapy. This article describes the pathogenesis, risks, and management of these late effects experienced by long-term testicular cancer survivors, who are defined as individuals who are disease free 5 years or more after primary treatment. Testicular cancer survivors should follow applicable national guidelines for cancer screening and management of cardiovascular disease risk factors. In addition, health care providers should capitalize on the time of cancer diagnosis as a teachable moment to introduce and promote lifestyle changes. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Teenage testicular torsion. | Onuigbo | International Journal of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Aim: To study testicular torsion in teenagers in the Igbo community. Method: A retrospective study was carried out as regards requests for pathological examination of specimens received at a Regional Reference Laboratory based in Enugu. Results: Over a period of 30 years, 28 surgical specimens of testicular torsion in ...

Environment, testicular dysgenesis and carcinoma in situ testis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Olesen, Inge A; Sonne, Si Brask; Hoei-Hansen, Christina E

2007-01-01

The testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) hypothesis proposes that a proportion of the male reproductive disorders-cryptorchidism, hypospadias, infertility and testicular cancer-may be symptoms of one underlying developmental disease, TDS, which is most likely a result of disturbed gonadal...... range of phenotypes: from the mildest and most common form, in which impaired spermatogenesis is the only symptom, to the most severe cases, in which the patient may develop testicular cancer. It is of great importance that clinicians in different specialties treating patients with TDS are aware...

Risk of second primary cancers after testicular cancer in East and West Germany: A focus on contralateral testicular cancers

Science.gov (United States)

Rusner, Carsten; Streller, Brigitte; Stegmaier, Christa; Trocchi, Pietro; Kuss, Oliver; McGlynn, Katherine A; Trabert, Britton; Stang, Andreas

2014-01-01

Testicular cancer survival rates improved dramatically after cisplatin-based therapy was introduced in the 1970s. However, chemotherapy and radiation therapy are potentially carcinogenic. The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk of developing second primary cancers including the risk associated with primary histologic type (seminoma and non-seminoma) among testicular cancer survivors in Germany. We identified 16 990 and 1401 cases of testicular cancer in population-based cancer registries of East Germany (1961–1989 and 1996–2008) and Saarland (a federal state in West Germany; 1970–2008), respectively. We estimated the risk of a second primary cancer using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). To determine trends, we plotted model-based estimated annual SIRs. In East Germany, a total of 301 second primary cancers of any location were observed between 1961 and 1989 (SIR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.7–2.1), and 159 cancers (any location) were observed between 1996 and 2008 (SIR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.4–2.0). The SIRs for contralateral testicular cancer were increased in the registries with a range from 6.0 in Saarland to 13.9 in East Germany. The SIR for seminoma, in particular, was higher in East Germany compared to the other registries. We observed constant trends in the model-based SIRs for contralateral testicular cancers. The majority of reported SIRs of other cancer sites including histology-specific risks showed low precisions of estimated effects, likely due to small sample sizes. Testicular cancer patients are at increased risk especially for cancers of the contralateral testis and should receive intensive follow-ups. PMID:24407180

Testicular Cancer Screening (PDQ®)—Health Professional Version

Science.gov (United States)

For testicular cancer, there is no standard or routine screening test. Review the limited evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for testicular cancer using ultrasound, physical examination, and self-examination in this expert-reviewed summary.

Avaliação das condições de melhor estabilidade térmica para a recuperação da bromelina a partir de resíduos do abacaxi - doi: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v33i3.8453

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Moacyr Jorge Elias

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Visando à recuperação da bromelina a partir dos resíduos da industrialização do abacaxi, variedade pérola, foi pesquisada a melhor condição de pH para qual a enzima é mais estável ao longo do tempo em diversas temperaturas. Ensaios foram efetuados medindo a atividade enzimática da bromelina pura e do extrato dos resíduos do fruto, empregando caseína como substrato. O extrato foi obtido pela trituração da casca e do talo interno do fruto. A atividade foi expressa em mmol tirosina (L min.-1, pela absorbância a 280 nm dos aminoácidos aromáticos gerados na hidrólise da caseína. Duas faixas de pH foram estudadas: 5,5 a 6,5 e 3,3 a 3,5 e temperatura variando de 25 a 62°C. A constante de inativação (ki foi determinada ao analisar o gráfico da atividade em função do tempo para cada temperatura. A decomposição térmica mostrou ser de ordem um e a energia de ativação para a enzima do fruto maior do que a bromelina purificada quando o pH está na faixa de 3,3 a 3,5. Para recuperação da enzima presente no resíduo do fruto deve-se trabalhar com pH entre 5,5 e 6,5 visto que a decomposição térmica é desprezível na faixa de temperatura estudada (até 62°C.

Enzimas exógenas em dietas de frangos de corte: desempenho Exogenous enzymes in broilers fed diets: performance

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Nei André Arruda Barbosa

2012-08-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi conduzido para avaliar a eficiência de enzimas exógenas em dietas sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte. Um total de 1440 pintos de corte machos (Cobb 500® foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x2 (duas dietas com diferentes densidades nutricionais; com e sem a adição enzimática com 8 repetições de 45 aves em cada unidade experimental. As dietas com diferentes densidades nutricionais foram: controle positivo (níveis normais e um controle negativo (com redução de 4,3 e 4,5% de energia metabolizável; 16,7 e 17,7% de cálcio e 35 e 42,7% de fósforo, nas fases inicial e de crescimento, respectivamente. A suplementação enzimática consistiu da combinação das enzimas fitase (100g t-1 e amilase, xilanase e protease (500g t-1. Foi avaliado o desempenho das aves nas fases de 1 a 21 e 1 a 42 dias de idade. Na fase total de criação, as aves alimentadas com a dieta controle negativo com adição enzimática tiveram consumo de ração (5,97%, peso médio (8,47%, ganho de peso (8,64% e conversão alimentar (2,92% melhores (P0,05 ao grupo alimentado com a dieta controle positivo com ou sem enzima. A adição de enzimas exógenas em dieta de frangos de corte com redução de energia metabolizável, cálcio e fósforo, proporciona um consumo de ração, peso vivo médio e ganho de peso similar a uma dieta com níveis nutricionais adequados.The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of enzyme efficiency in diets with and without nutrient reduction on the performance of broilers. Thousand and hundred forty male broiler chicks (Cobb 500® were distributed in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments in a factorial 2x2 (two diets with different nutrient densities, with and without enzyme with 8 replications of 45 birds. The diets were: positive control (normal and a negative control (with a reduction of 4.3% and 4.5% of metabolizable energy, 16.7% and 17.7% of

Pattern of testicular biopies as seen in a tertiary institution in nnewi, southeast Nigeria.

Science.gov (United States)

Oranusi, Chidi-Kingsley; Onyiaorah, Igwebuike V; Ukah, Cornelius O

2014-07-01

Testicular biopsy is an acknowledged method of examination of the testes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. We describe the pattern of testicular histologies in our environment. We carried out a retrospective review of testicular histology results from the Pathology Department of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH), Nnewi, over a 5-year period, January 2008 to December 2012. During the period, 285 testicular histologies were reported. Eighty-one (28.4%) specimens were pathological specimens, while 204 (71.6%) were nonpathological specimens. Thirty-seven (13.0%) of the histology reports were for diagnostic purpose while 248 (87.0%) were for therapeutic purpose. Based on the results, indications could also be categorized into three, benign testicular pathology, malignant testicular pathology, and testicular biopsy for male factor infertility. Thirty-seven cases (13.0%) were due to male factor infertility with complete spermatogenic arrest as the most common histological finding in 21 (56.8%) of the cases. Malignant testicular diseases accounted for 16 (5.6%) of the indications for testicular biopsies. Benign testicular diseases accounted for 28 (9.8%) of the indications for testicular biopsies. Hemorrhagic infarction from testicular torsion represented the commonest histology in 12 (42.9%) cases, followed by inflammations of the testes. Indications for testicular biopsy can be diagnostic and therapeutic. They can also be categorized into benign testicular diseases, malignant testicular diseases, and male infertility. Investigation for male factor infertility was the only diagnostic indication for testicular biopsy. The high incidence of locally and metastatic prostate cancer in males explains why therapeutic removal of the testis is common.

Development and clinical application of a new testicular prosthesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Ning, Ye; Cai, Zhikang; Chen, Huixing; Ping, Ping; Li, Peng; Wang, Zhong; Li, Zheng

2011-11-01

A new type of testicular prosthesis made of silastic with an elliptical shape to mimic a normal testis was developed by our team and submitted for patenting in China. The prosthesis was produced in different sizes to imitate the normal testis of the patient. To investigate the effects and safety of the testicular prosthesis, 20 patients receiving testicular prosthesis implantation were recruited for this study. Follow-up after 6 months revealed no complications in the patients. All the patients answered that they were satisfied with their body image and the position of the implants, 19 patients were satisfied with the size and 16 patients were satisfied with the weight. These results show that the testicular prosthesis used in this study can meet patient's expectations. Patients undergoing orchiectomy should be offered the option to receive a testicular prosthesis implantation. The dimensions and weight of the available prosthetic implants should be further addressed to improve patient satisfaction.

Accuracy of Prader orchidometer in measuring testicular volume

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2012-10-21

Oct 21, 2012 ... testicular volumes were then determined by water displacement of the testis. ... tubules and germ cells. ... in a warm room after application of a heating pad (we used ... This mean difference in testicular volume between Prader.

A Rare Cause of Testicular Metastasis: Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

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Alper Nesip Manav

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Metastatic testicular cancers are rare. Primary tumor sources are prostate, lung, and gastrointestinal tract for metastatic testicular cancers. Metastasis of urothelial carcinoma (UC to the testis is extremely rare. Two-thirds of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC is of invasive stage at diagnosis and metastatic sites are the pelvic lymph nodes, liver, lung, and bone. We report a rare case of metastatic UTUC to the testis which has not been reported before, except one case in the literature. Testicular metastasis of UC should be considered in patients with hematuria and testicular swelling.

Luteinizing hormone in testicular descent

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Toppari, Jorma; Kaleva, Marko M; Virtanen, Helena E

2007-01-01

alone is not sufficient for normal testicular descent. The regulation of androgen production is influenced both by placental human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH). There is evidence that the longer pregnancy continues, the more important role pituitary LH may have....... Insulin-like hormone-3 (INSL3) is suggested to be the main regulator of gubernacular development and therefore an apparent regulator of testicular descent. INSL3 production is also related to LH, and reduced INSL3 action is a possible cause for cryptorchidism. Cryptorchid boys have normal testosterone...

Polygenic susceptibility to testicular cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Litchfield, Kevin; Mitchell, Jonathan S; Shipley, Janet

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND: The increasing incidence of testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) combined with its strong heritable basis suggests that stratified screening for the early detection of TGCT may be clinically useful. We modelled the efficiency of such a personalised screening approach, based on genetic...... known TGCT susceptibility variants. The diagnostic performance of testicular biopsy and non-invasive semen analysis was also assessed, within a simulated combined screening programme. RESULTS: The area under the curve for the TGCT PRS model was 0.72 with individuals in the top 1% of the PRS having...

Epigenetic: a molecular link between testicular cancer and environmental exposures?

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Aurelie eVega

2012-11-01

Full Text Available In the last decades, studies in rodents have highlighted links between in utero and/or neonatal exposures to molecules that alter endocrine functions and the development of genital tract abnormalities, such as cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and impaired spermatogenesis. Most of these molecules, called endocrine disrupters (EDs exert estrogenic and/or antiandrogenic activities. These data led to the hypothesis of the Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome which postulates that these disorders are one clinical entity and are linked by epidemiological and pathophysiological relations. Futhermore, infertility has been stated as a risk factor for testicular cancer. The incidence of testicular cancer has been increasing over the past decades. Most of testicular germ cell cancers develop through a pre-invasive carcinoma in situ (CIS from fetal germ cells (primordial germ cell or gonocyte. During their development, fetal germ cells undergo epigenetic modifications. Interestingly, several lines of evidence have shown that gene regulation through epigenetic mechanisms (DNA and histone modifications plays an important role in normal development as well as in various diseases, including testicular cancer.Here we will review chromatin modifications which can affect testicular physiology leading to the development of testicular cancer; and highlight potential molecular pathways involved in these alterations in the context of environmental exposures.

Testicular torsion and weather conditions: analysis of 21,289 cases in Brazil

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Fernando Korkes

2012-04-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: The hypothesis of association between testicular torsion and hyperactive cremasteric reflex, worsened by cold weather, has not been proved. Thirteen studies in the literature evaluated this issue, with inconclusive results. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the seasonality of testicular torsion in a large subset of patients surgically treated in Brazil, and additionally to estimate the incidence of testicular torsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Brazilian Public Health System Database was assessed from 1992-2010 to evaluate hospital admissions associated with treatment of testicular torsion. Average monthly temperature between 1992-2010 was calculated for each region. RESULTS: We identified 21,289 hospital admissions for treatment of testicular torsion. There was a higher number of testicular torsions during colder months (p = 0.002. To estimate the incidence of testicular torsion, we have related our findings to data from the last Brazilian census (2010. In 2010, testicular torsion occurred in 1.4:100,000 men in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS:Testicular torsion occurred at an annual incidence of approximately 1.4:100,000 men in Brazil in 2010. Seasonal variations do occur, with a significant increase of events during winter. Our findings support the theory of etiological role of cold weather to the occurrence of testicular torsion. Strategies to prevent these events can be based on these findings.

Aspectos da saúde reprodutiva em homens com miopatia inflamatória idiopática: um estudo multicêntrico Reproductive health aspects in men with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy: a multicenter study

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Clovis Artur Almeida da Silva

2009-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a saúde reprodutiva de homens com miopatia inflamatória idiopática (MII e compará-la com controles saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Vinte e cinco pacientes com MII (dermatomiosite ou polimiosite foram avaliados com relação aos dados demográficos, exame urológico (incluindo parâmetros pubertários e função sexual/erétil, ultrassonografia testicular, perfil hormonal, análise seminal, características clínicas e tratamento. O grupo controle incluiu 25 homens saudáveis. RESULTADOS: A mediana da idade atual foi similar nos pacientes com MII e controles (24 versus 27 anos, P = 0,566. As frequências de atividade sexual, número de parceiras com gestações espontâneas após início da doença e uso de preservativo masculino foram significativamente menores nos pacientes com MII versus controles (60% versus 96%, P = 0,004; 16% versus 60%, P = 0,0031; 40% versus 76%, P = 0,021; respectivamente. Além disso, as frequências de atrofia testicular (28% versus 4%, P = 0,049, níveis elevados de FSH e/ou LH (25% versus 0%, P = 0,05 e alterações dos espermatozoides (40% versus 0%, P = 0,0006 foram estatisticamente maiores nos pacientes com MII quando comparados aos controles. As medianas das idades de início da doença e atual foram estatisticamente maiores nos pacientes com MII que apresentaram disfunção sexual/erétil versus sem disfunção (41 versus 12,5 anos, P = 0,014; 46 versus 21 anos, P = 0,027; respectivamente. Entretanto, comparando-se, pacientes com disfunção sexual/erétil e sem disfunção, nenhuma diferença foi evidenciada em relação à idade da espermarca, parâmetros de função gonadal, atividade da doença, enzimas musculares e tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: Este foi o primeiro estudo que identificou alterações da saúde reprodutiva e disfunção gonadal em homens com MII. Reumatologistas devem discutir problemas sexuais e orientar contracepção aos seus pacientes.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate reproductive health of

Ultrasonographic features of prenatal testicular torsion: Case report

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Elif Ağaçayak

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Although prenatal testicular torsion (PNTT is rarely observed,it is an important condition that can cause bilateralvanishing testis. Generally, PNTT cases observed asextravaginal torsion and treatment is emergency surgicalop-eration. In this article, 39 week presented a case diagnosedin the prenatal testicular torsion. PNTT diagnosiswas confirmed by Doppler ultrasonography and emergencysurgery was performed. Extravaginal left testiculartorsion gangrene and necrosis of the testis was observedin the operation. Left orchiectomy was performed andintrauter-ine ultrasonographic diagnosis was found to becorrect.Key words: Testicular torsion, prenatal diagnosis, features,ultrasonography

Precocidade sexual em bovinos Nelore avaliada por ultrassonografia testicular

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D.J. Cardilli

2014-08-01

Full Text Available The present study aimed to evaluate if there are differences in testicular parenchyma echogenicity between pre-pubescent and pubescent animals at the same age. Ultrasound examinations were performed in longitudinal and transversal planes of the testicles of 111 healthy Nelore bovines, at the ages of nine, 13 and 15 months. The EIV software calculated the echogenicity of the testicular parenchyma, which ranged from 0 (anechoic to 100% (hyperechoic. Animals that had reached puberty at 15 months of age presented higher testicular echogenicity than the animals that had not reached puberty at the same age. These results suggest that testicular ultrasonography can be used as a predictor of sexual precocity.

OS AVANÇOS DO USO DA BROMELINA NA ÁREA DE ALIMENTAÇÃO E SAÚDE

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Lenice Freiman de OLIVEIRA

2009-07-01

Full Text Available

Ao longo de muitas décadas, o estudo da produção e aplicação de enzimas vem despertando interesse de muitos pesquisadores, sendo a bromelina uma enzima proteolítica, proveniente do abacaxi, de fácil extração e de muita utilidade na área de alimentação e na medicina. A extração dessa enzima pode ser feita em todas as partes do abacaxizeiro (polpa, caule, folha, casca e coroa, por meio de processo extrativo com precipitação em álcool ou acetona. Na alimentação, as utilidades mais comuns são no amaciamento de carnes, aproveitamento tecnológico de farinha de trigo de alto teor protéico para produção de pães e biscoitos, clarificação de cerveja, na indústria de óleos vegetais, de ovos desidratados e de leite de soja e na medicina como vermífugos, na cicatrização de ferimentos, como antiinflamatório vegetal, na inibição de células cancerígenas e outros .

Características morfológicas da região epididimária do pombo doméstico (Columba livia, L.

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Maíra Aparecida Stefanini

1999-01-01

Full Text Available A região epididimária do pombo doméstico compreende a parte principal da rede testicular, os dúctulos eferentes do testículo e o ducto epididimário. Os canais epiteliais da rede testicular são contínuos com o segmento extratesticular da rede, o qual, por sua vez, é seqüente com os dúctulos eferentes proximais e distais e, finalmente, o ducto epididimário se forma em continuidade aos eferentes distais. O epitélio de revestimento deste sistema tubular extratesticular é cúbico simples na rede testicular e pseudo-estratificado colunar nos outros ductos da região epididimária, com células ciliadas e não-ciliadas presentes principalmente nos dúctulos eferentes. As características ultra-estruturais das células epiteliais dos túbulos da região epididimária do pombo, com base comparativa, permitiram inferir que a reabsorção de fluido seminífero parece ser a função principal dessas células, embora outros papéis citofisiológicos foram também propostos, tais como: endocitose adsorptiva, ciliogênese, e possivelmente secreção apócrina nas células não-ciliadas escuras.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Testicular Cancer and Testicular Self-Examination Training for Patient Care Personnel: Intervention Study

Science.gov (United States)

Akar, Serife Zehra; Bebis, Hatice

2014-01-01

Testicular cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy among men aged 15-35 years. Testicular self-examination (TSE) is an important tool for preventing late-stage TC diagnoses. This study aimed to assess health beliefs and knowledge related to TC and TSE and the effectiveness of TC and TSE training for patient care staff in a hospital. This was a…

Cancer in first-degree relatives and risk of testicular cancer in Denmark

Science.gov (United States)

Nordsborg, Rikke Baastrup; Meliker, Jaymie R.; Wohlfahrt, Jan; Melbye, Mads; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole

2011-01-01

Familial aggregation of testicular cancer has been reported consistently, but it is less clear if there is any association between risk of testicular cancer and other cancers in the family. We conducted a population based case-control study to examine the relationship between risk of testicular cancer and 22 different cancers in first-degree relatives. We included 3297 cases of testicular cancer notified to the Danish Cancer Registry between 1991 and 2003. 6594 matched controls were selected from the Danish Civil Registration System, which also provided the identity of 40,104 first-degree relatives of case and controls. Familial cancer was identified by linkage to the Danish Cancer Registry, and we used conditional logistic regression to analyse whether cancer among first-degree relatives was associated with higher risk of testicular cancer. Rate ratio (RR) for testicular cancer was 4.63 (95% CI: 2.41–8.87) when a father, 8.30(95% CI: 3.81–18.10) when a brother and 5.23 (95% CI: 1.35–20.26) when a son had testicular cancer compared with no familial testicular cancer. Results were similar when analyses were stratified by histologic subtypes of testicular cancer. Familial Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and oesophageal cancer were associated with testicular cancer; however these may be chance findings. The familial aggregation of testicular and possibly other cancers may be explained by shared genes and/or shared environmental factors, but the mutual importance of each of these is difficult to determine. PMID:21207375

Pattern of testicular biopies as seen in a tertiary institution in Nnewi, Southeast Nigeria

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Chidi-Kingsley Oranusi

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Testicular biopsy is an acknowledged method of examination of the testes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. We describe the pattern of testicular histologies in our environment. Materials and Methods: We carried out a retrospective review of testicular histology results from the Pathology Department of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH, Nnewi, over a 5-year period, January 2008 to December 2012. Results: During the period, 285 testicular histologies were reported. Eighty-one (28.4% specimens were pathological specimens, while 204 (71.6% were nonpathological specimens. Thirty-seven (13.0% of the histology reports were for diagnostic purpose while 248 (87.0% were for therapeutic purpose. Based on the results, indications could also be categorized into three, benign testicular pathology, malignant testicular pathology, and testicular biopsy for male factor infertility. Thirty-seven cases (13.0% were due to male factor infertility with complete spermatogenic arrest as the most common histological finding in 21 (56.8% of the cases. Malignant testicular diseases accounted for 16 (5.6% of the indications for testicular biopsies. Benign testicular diseases accounted for 28 (9.8% of the indications for testicular biopsies. Hemorrhagic infarction from testicular torsion represented the commonest histology in 12 (42.9% cases, followed by inflammations of the testes. Conclusion: Indications for testicular biopsy can be diagnostic and therapeutic. They can also be categorized into benign testicular diseases, malignant testicular diseases, and male infertility. Investigation for male factor infertility was the only diagnostic indication for testicular biopsy. The high incidence of locally and metastatic prostate cancer in males explains why therapeutic removal of the testis is common.

OBTAINING AND USE OF POLYPHENOLOXIDASE ENZYME EXTRACTED FROM RIPE CUSTARD APPLE (Annona squamosa L.) PULP ON THE COCOA (Theobroma cacao L.) NIBS IN TASTE IMPROVEMENT

OpenAIRE

LIMA, ELIZA DOROTEA POZZOBON DE ALBUQUERQUE; PASTORE, GLÁUCIA MARIA; BARBERY, SANDRA DRINA FERNANDEZ; GARCIA, NELSON HORÁCIO PEZOA; BRITO, EDY SOUSA DE; LIMA, CARLOS ALBERTO DE ALBUQUERQUE

2001-01-01

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a obtenção e a utilização da enzima polifenoloxidase (PPO) extraída de polpa de pinha madura na redução do teor de compostos polifenólicos com a finalidade de diminuir a adstringência e o amargor das amêndoas de cacau processadas na forma de "nibs". A PPO foi extraída com tampão fosfato de potássio 0,025M (pH 7,5), adicionando sulfato de amônio para a precipitação da enzima. O material em pó obtido foi denominado de enzima parcialmente purificada...

Testicular prostheses in children: Is earlier better?

Science.gov (United States)

Peycelon, M; Rossignol, G; Muller, C O; Carricaburu, E; Philippe-Chomette, P; Paye-Jaouen, A; El Ghoneimi, A

2016-08-01

The absence of a testis occurs for various reasons in children, but testicular prosthesis implantation in children is uncommon. The optimal time for prosthesis placement is still unclear, and its complication rate has been poorly studied in children. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors of complications in cases of testicular prosthesis implantation in children. A monocentric, retrospective review was performed of children implanted with a testicular prosthesis between 2008 and 2014. All implantations were performed through an inguinal incision with a standardized procedure. Children were divided into two groups depending on the interval after orchiectomy: (A) early implantation (delay between surgeries prosthesis implantation at the mean age of 14.7 years (range 9-18) (A, 14.3; B, 14.6) with a mean delay of 36.1 months (A, 1.3; B, 80.3). Indications were mainly spermatic cord torsion (27%), bilateral anorchia (27%), and testicular atrophy after cryptorchidism surgery (19.2%). Complications (10.5%) included two cases of extrusion, one infection and one migration. Patient 1 had a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with testicle relapse 2 years after induction therapy. High-dose chemotherapy, total body irradiation and bilateral orchiectomies were performed, and bilateral prostheses were implanted 12 years after the end of chemotherapy. Complications happened 85 days after surgery. Patient 2 was followed-up for a proximal hypospadias. The tunica vaginalis flap, which was used during a redo urethroplasty, lead to testicular atrophy. Thirteen years after the last penile surgery, a testicular prosthesis was placed through an inguinal incision, and extrusion occurred 203 days after surgery. Bacterial cultures of the prostheses were sterile and histological review showed no sign of granuloma or graft rejection. The complication rate was significantly higher if the delay between the two surgeries exceeded 1 year (P = 0.01). Indications of

Fertility in patients treated for testicular cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Matos, Erika; Skrbinc, Breda; Zakotnik, Branko

2010-09-01

Testicular cancer affects men mostly in their reproductive age with a cure rate over 90% and fertility is one of the main concerns of survivors. To further elucidate the question of fertility after treatment for testicular cancer, we performed a survey in patients treated in our institution. We sent a questionnaire to patients treated for testicular cancer at our institute from 1976 to 2002 (n = 490) of whom 297 (60.6%) responded. We considered the patients to have conserved fertility if they had children after treatment without assisted reproductive technologies. Before treatment 119/297 (40.1%) of patients and after treatment 150/297 (50.5%) of patients tried to have children (p = 0.019). Of 119 patients who tried to have children before treatment for testicular cancer 98 (82.4%) succeeded and 74/150 (49.3%) were successful after treatment (p years. The post-treatment fatherhood in patients treated with surgery only (orchidectomy +/- retroperitoneal lymphnode dissection-RPLND) was 59%, in those with additional radiotherapy 68%, and chemotherapy 50% (p = 0.233). Fertility rate in patients where a non nerve sparing RPLND was performed was only 37%, 62% in patients with nerve sapring RPLND, and 77% in patients where RPLND was not performed (p Fertility rate after treatment for testicular cancer is reduced. From our data, the most important treatment modality that influences fertility is non nerve sparing RPLND that should be avoided whenever possible in order improve the quality of life our patients.

Varicocelectomy in the treatment of testicular pain: a review.

Science.gov (United States)

Shridharani, Anand; Lockwood, Gina; Sandlow, Jay

2012-11-01

Varicoceles are a common finding in adolescent boys and men. Most are asymptomatic, although up to 10% may cause testicular pain. This study will review the use of varicocelectomy in the treatment of testicular pain in men with clinical varicoceles, as well as provide prognostic indicators for successful outcome. Recent studies that examined the impact of varix ligation on preoperative testicular pain were reviewed. Most studies are retrospective and uncontrolled; although objective outcome measures were used in the majority. Varicocele grade, duration of discomfort, and the quality of pain tended to predict outcome but have not been universally supported. On the basis of the majority of the recently published studies, varicocelectomy, in the properly chosen patients, results in significant improvement or resolution of testicular pain.

Testicular torsion repair

Science.gov (United States)

... the Procedure is Performed Testicular torsion is an emergency. In most cases, surgery is needed right away to relieve pain ... RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice . 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap ...

Testiculaire microlithiasis bij jongens [Testicular microlithiasis in boys

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Goede, J.; Pierik, F.H.; Hack, W.W.M.; Algra, P.R.

2008-01-01

In three boys aged 15, 9, and 10 years respectively scrotal ultrasound revealed testicular microlithiasis (TM). Two boys were free of symptoms and one suffered from testicular pain. TM is characterized by multiple echogenic foci within the seminiferous tubules with no acoustic shadowing. The

Efeito da peletização e adição de enzimas e vitaminas sobre o desempenho e aproveitamento da energia e nutrientes em frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade Effect of pelleting and addition of enzymes and vitamins on the performance and advantage of energy and nutrients in broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days old

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Laureano Barbosa Leite

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Conduziu-se este experimento para avaliar o efeito da peletização e adição de enzimas e vitaminas sobre o desempenho e aproveitamento da energia e nutrientes, em frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 350 pintos de corte, COBB, machos, com peso inicial médio de 47g ± 2,5g, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com os tratamentos em arranjos fatorial 3 x 2 (três dietas, com e sem enzimas sendo que as dietas consistiram de uma ração farelada e duas rações peletizadas,uma com adição de vitaminas e minerais após a peletização e a outra com adição de vitaminas e minerais antes da peletização. O tempo e a temperatura da peletizadora variaram de 05 a 09 minutos e 58ºC a 62ºC, respectivamente. Após esse processo, as rações peletizadas foram trituradas, buscando-se manter a mesma granulometria das rações fareladas. O ensaio de desempenho foi realizado com 10 repetições e o de metabolismo com 5 repetições cada tratamento, em uma densidade de 5 aves por parcela (gaiola. As rações foram formuladas com 95% das recomendações nutricionais e fornecidas às aves com uma restrição alimentar de, aproximadamente, 10% do consumo ad libitum, o qual foi calculado diariamente a partir do consumo médio de um grupo de aves controle, que foram submetidas ao consumo à vontade de uma ração formulada para atender 100% dos níveis nutricionais recomendados. O complexo enzimático utilizado foi o Allzyme Vegpro®, contendo em sua composição as enzimas protease, amilase e celulase, adicionado aos tratamentos seguindo as recomendações do fabricante, de 0,5 kg por tonelada de ração. Aos 21 dias de idade avaliou-se o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar. Também foram coletadas as excretas, pela metodologia de coleta total de excretas, nos dias 20, 21 e 22, para determinação dos valores energéticos das rações e digestibilidade da gordura e da proteína. Pelos resultados obtidos, observou-se que o

The diagnostic impact of testicular biopsies for intratubular germ cell neoplasia in cryptorchid boys and the subsequent risk of testicular cancer in men with prepubertal surgery for syndromic or non-syndromic cryptorchidism

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Osterballe, Lene; Clasen-Linde, Erik; Cortes, Dina

2017-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Cryptorchidism is a risk factor for testicular cancer in adult life. It remains unclear how prepubertal surgery for cryptorchidism impacts later development of adult testicular cancer. The aim of study was to investigate tools to identify the cryptorchid boys who later develop...... testicular cancer. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 1403 men operated prepubertally/pubertally for undescended testis between 1971 and 2003. At surgery testicular biopsies were taken from the cryptorchid testes. The boys were followed for occurrence of testicular cancer. The testicular cancer risk...... was compared to the risk in the Danish Population. Testicular biopsies from the boys who developed testicular cancer during follow-up underwent histological examination with specific diagnostic immunohistochemical markers for germ cell neoplasia. RESULTS: The cohort was followed for 33,627 person years at risk...

Enzimas proteolíticas relacionadas con la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria

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Bárbara E. García Triana

1998-08-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria ocasiona la destrucción de los tejidos que protegen y soportan al diente; es por eso de gran importancia el papel que pueden desempeñar las enzimas que sean capaces de degradar la matriz del tejido conectivo, como las enzimas proteolíticas. Existen evidencias de que las metaloproteinasas de la matriz, las proteasas leucocitarias y las bacterianas, pueden participar en la etiopatogenia de esta enfermedad. Su acción es regulada en los tejidos, por la presencia de inhibidores específicos, de manera que un desbalance proteasas-inhibidores a favor de los primeros, conduciría a la destrucción de las proteínas de la matriz del tejido conectivo. A su vez, en la actividad proteolítica influyen diferentes factores, que de manera global, inducen un fenotipo degradativo o formativo, y que por lo tanto, podrían estar involucrados en la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria.The periodontal disease brings about the destruction of the protective and supporting tissues of the teeth, therefore, the role of enzymes capable of degrading connective tissue matrix is of great importance. There are evidences of the possible involvement of the matrix metalloproteinases, leukocyte proteases and bacterial proteases in the pathogenesis of such disease. Their action is controlled by specific inhibitors in the tissues. This means that any protease-inhibitor imbalance favouring the presence of proteases may lead to the destruction of matrix connective tissue. In turn, proteolytic activity is influenced by different factors that globally induce a degradative or formative phenotype, and thus, may be involved in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease.

PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL POR BIOCATÁLISE UTILIZANDO MÉTODO ALTERNATIVO DE IMOBILIZAÇÃO DA LIPASE EM HIDROGEL

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Fernanda Marder

2008-12-01

Full Text Available A sociedade vem buscando alternativas para reduzir o processo de destruição ambiental instalada no planeta, porém, a partirdo século passado, uma nova visão sobre o uso indiscriminado dos recursos ambientais passou a ser discutido levando a utilizaçãode tecnologias alternativas de produção de combustíveis mais limpos, como o biodiesel, produzido a partir de óleos vegetais. Osprocessos enzimáticos constituem-se numa alternativa de produção, por serem métodos biotecnológicos e menos impactantes aomeio ambiente, apresentando até então, elevado custo de produção. Com o objetivo de diminuir custos e aumentar a eficiênciainvestigou-se a imobilização das enzimas por método alternativo e o emprego destes biocatalisadores na produção de biodiesel. Aimobilização da lipase PS Amano foi realizada utilizando esferas formadas pela hidratação de hidrogéis comerciais em soluçãoaquosa contendo a enzima. Com a enzima imobilizada realizou-se a transesterificação, na qual obteve-se conversões em ésteresmetílicos com rendimento de até 70%, em solvente orgânico, no tempo de 24h, temperatura de 55°C, 100 rpm e 40 esferas dehidrogel com enzima imobilizada. O método de transesterificação enzimática com as enzimas imobilizadas em hidrogéisapresentou-se como uma tecnologia alternativa e promissora para a obtenção de biodiesel.

Testicular tumours in prepubertal children: About eight cases ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Conclusion: In prepubertal children, most testicular tumours are benign. If tumour markers were negative testis-preserving surgery can be proposed, complete excision of the tumour should be ascertained. In the case of testicular teratoma, the possibility of contralateral tumour should be considered in the follow-up.

Relationship of testicular development with age, body weight ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The study was conducted to measure the development of several testicular characteristics and to investigate the relationship between testicular parameters with body growth, semen characteristics and serum testosterone levels in growing ram lambs. Seventeen single born Kivircik ram lambs from three to four year old ewes ...

Testicular tuberculosis in an HIV positive patient mimicking ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

B.A. Ojo

Abstract. With the upsurge of tuberculosis infection compounded by the pandemic Human Immune Deficiency Virus. (HIV), isolated testicular tuberculosis though a rarity, should be a differential diagnosis especially in the atypical age group of patients presenting with testicular swelling and in areas with high prevalence rate ...

Leishmania mexicana amazonensis: heterogeneity in 5-nucleotidase and peroxidase activities of mononuclear phagocytes during in vivo and in vitro infection Leishmania mexicana amazonensis: heterogeneidade da 5’-Nucleotidase e da peroxidase em fagócitos mononucleares durante infecção in vivo e in vitro

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Suzana Côrte-Real

1988-03-01

Full Text Available The degree of maturation of cells of the Mononuclear Phagocyte System (MPS, during in vivo and in vitro infection by Leishmania mexicana amazonenesis, was evaluated in this study. The macrophages' differentiation was assayed by cytochemical characterization at the ultrastrctural level, using two well-established markers: 5'-nucleotidase enzyme activity, for revealing the mature cells, and the peroxidase activity present in the cell granules to demonstrate immature mononuclear phagocytes. only a few mcrophages, demonstrating 5'-nucleotidase positive reaction in both the plasma membrane and within their cytoplasmic vesicles, were found scattered in the chronic inflammation at the L. m. amazonensis lesions in albino mice. However, by the peroxidase activity analysis, we were also able to demonstrate the presence of immature MPS cells, which predominate, together with parasitized vacuolated macrophages, in chronic lesions induced in this systemby L. m. amazonensis. The implications of these results on the pathogenesis of murine cutaneous leishmaniasis are discussed.Um estudo sobre o grau de maturação das células do Sistema Fagocítico Mononuclear foi realizado durante a infecção in vivo e in vitro com a Leishmania mexicana amazonensis. A caracterização da diferenciação das células fagocíticas foi obtida com a localização ultraestrutural de dois marcadores enzimáticos bam conhecidos: a enzima 5'-Nucleotidase marcadora de membrana plasmática de células maduras e a enzima peroxidase, presente em grânulos, marcadora de células imaturas. A atividade da enzima 5'-Nucleotidase foi encontrada apenas em alguns macrófagos, presentes no foco inflamatório, em projeções da membrana plasmática e em algumas vesículas citoplasmáticas. Macrófagos peritoneais de camundongo apresentaram a mesma reatividade para este marcador. Contudo a análise da atividade peroxidásica demonstrou a predominância da presença de fagócitos mononucleares

Adverse testicular effects of Botox® in mature rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Breikaa, Randa M. [Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo (Egypt); Mosli, Hisham A. [Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (Saudi Arabia); Nagy, Ayman A. [Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (Saudi Arabia); Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta (Egypt); Abdel-Naim, Ashraf B., E-mail: abnaim.pharma@gmail.com [Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo (Egypt); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)

2014-03-01

Botox® injections are taking a consistently increasing place in urology. Intracremasteric injections, particularly, have been applied for cryptorchidism and painful testicular spasms. Studies outlining their safety for this use are, however, scanty. Thus, the present study aimed at evaluating possible testicular toxicity of Botox® injections and their effect on male fertility. Mature rats were given intracremasteric Botox® injections (10, 20 and 40 U/kg) three times in a two-week interval. Changes in body and testes weights were examined and gonadosomatic index compared to control group. Semen quality, sperm parameters, fructose, protein, cholesterol and triglycerides contents were assessed. Effects on normal testicular function were investigated by measuring testosterone levels and changes in enzyme activities (lactate dehydrogenase-X and acid phosphatase). To draw a complete picture, changes in oxidative and inflammatory states were examined, in addition to the extent of connective tissue deposition between seminiferous tubules. In an attempt to have more accurate information about possible spermatotoxic effects of Botox®, flowcytometric analysis and histopathological examination were carried out. Botox®-injected rats showed altered testicular physiology and function. Seminiferous tubules were separated by dense fibers, especially with the highest dose. Flowcytometric analysis showed a decrease in mature sperms and histopathology confirmed the findings. The oxidative state was, however, comparable to control group. This study is the first to show that intracremasteric injections of Botox® induce adverse testicular effects evidenced by inhibited spermatogenesis and initiation of histopathological changes. In conclusion, decreased fertility may be a serious problem Botox® injections could cause. - Highlights: • Botox® injections are the trend nowadays, for both medical and non-medical uses. • They were recently suggested for cryptorchidism and

Testicular neoplasia in undescended testes of cryptorchid boys-does surgical strategy have an impact on the risk of invasive testicular neoplasia?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cortes, Dina; Thorup, Jørgen Mogens; Petersen, Bodil Laub

2004-01-01

We investigated whether or not surgical strategy has an impact on the risk of invasive testicular neoplasia in cases of cryptorchidism. We made a database study of the incidence of testicular neoplasia at surgery for cryptorchidism in childhood, and evaluated if such abnormalities were found......, p placed...

Perinatal testicular torsion: literature review and local experience ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The prognosis in TUDT is guarded and contralateral fixation was not practiced, except in a 5-week-old infant. Early orchiopexy at 3–6 months is recommended. Cooperation between surgeons, neonatologists, and parents is mandatory to avoid time delay. Keywords: intrauterine testicular torsion, postnatal testicular torsion, ...

Neonatal testicular tumour presenting as an acute scrotum

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Neonatal testicular tumour presenting as an acute scrotum. Joyce M. Muhlschlegel, Alice L. Mears and Rowena J. Hitchcock. Juvenile granulosa cell tumour (JGCT) is a rare benign stromal cell tumour of the testis accounting for approximately 1% of all paediatric testicular tumours. Presenting primarily as a painless ...

Trends in Testicular Cancer Survival: A Large Population-based Analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Sui, Wilson; Morrow, David C; Bermejo, Carlos E; Hellenthal, Nicholas J

2015-06-01

To determine whether discrepancies in testicular cancer outcomes between Caucasians and non-Caucasians are changing over time. Although testicular cancer is more common in Caucasians, studies have shown that other races have worse outcomes. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, we identified 29,803 patients diagnosed with histologically confirmed testicular cancer between 1983 and 2011. Of these, 12,650 patients (42%) had 10-year follow-up data. We stratified the patients by age group, stage, race, and year of diagnosis and assessed 10-year overall and cancer-specific survival in each cohort. Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the relative contributions of each stratum to cancer-specific survival. Predicted overall 10-year survival of Caucasian patients with testicular cancer increased slightly from 88% to 89% over the period studied, whereas predicted cancer-specific 10-year survival dropped slightly from 94% to 93%. In contrast, non-Caucasian men demonstrated larger changes in 10-year overall (84%-86%) and cancer-specific (88%-91%) survival. On univariate analysis, race was significantly associated with testicular cancer death, with non-Caucasian men being 1.69 times more likely to die of testicular cancer than Caucasians (hazard ratio, 1.33-2.16; 95% confidence interval, testicular cancer. These data show a convergence in cancer-specific survival between racial groups over time, suggesting that diagnostic and treatment discrepancies may be improving for non-Caucasians. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Testicular cancer in twins: a meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Neale, R E; Carrière, P; Murphy, M F G; Baade, P D

2008-01-15

In a meta-analysis of testicular cancer in twins, twins had a 30% increased risk (estimate 1.31, 95% CI 1.1-1.6), providing indirect support for the hypothesis that in utero hormone variations influence risk of testicular cancer. The summary-estimate for dizygotic twins was 1.3 (1.0-1.7) and for monozygotic or same sex twins 1.4 (1.2-1.8).

An unusual case of intra-abdominal testicular torsion: Role of laparoscopy

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Alfonso Papparella

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The authors report a case of intra-abdominal testicular torsion, where laparoscopy has been useful for diagnosis and surgical management. A boy was presented with a left impalpable testis. Laparoscopy revealed a twisted spermatic cord at the inlet pelvis, which ended in a testicular remnant located in the sub-umbilical area. After orchiectomy, the pathologist confirmed testicular atrophy. Diagnosis of intra-abdominal testicular torsion should be considered in patients with impalpable testis and abdominal pain, but could not be excluded in those with no symptoms.

Effect of oral administration of terephthalic acid on testicular functions of rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cui Lunbiao; Dai Guidong; Xu Lichun; Wang Shouling; Song Ling; Zhao Renzhen; Xiao Hang; Zhou Jianwei; Wang Xinru

2004-01-01

To investigate the toxic effect of terephthalic acid (TPA) on testicular functions of rats, male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered TPA in diet at the levels 0 (control), 0.2, 1 and 5% for 90 days. Testicular functions were assessed by histopathology, testicular sperm head counts, daily sperm production, sperm motility (measured by computer-assisted sperm analysis, CASA), biochemical indices (marker testicular enzymes), and serum testosterone. Oral feeding with terephthalic acid did not cause body and testes weight loss in TPA-treated groups. Histopathologically, damages of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells were observed by electron microscope, testicular sperm head counts, daily sperm production, and activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) were decreased significantly in the 5% TPA group. The motility of spermatozoa was reduced significantly in all treated groups, which was correlated with administration doses. Serum testosterone concentrations were not declined in treated groups. In conclusion, TPA can cause impairment of testicular functions. The primary sites of action may be spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells. The results of the present study provide first information of TPA on testicular functions in male rats

Testicular Sperm Sampling by Subcapsular Orchiectomy in Klinefelter Patients

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fedder, Jens; Gravholt, Claus H.; Kristensen, Stine Gry

2015-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate subcapsular orchiectomy as a method to retrieve spermatozoa from minute testicular foci in men with Klinefelter syndrome (KS). METHODS: Fourteen men with KS were consecutively recruited to unilateral subcapsular orchiectomy. Testicular tissue was dissected mechanically...

Hereditary association between testicular cancer and familial ovarian cancer: A Familial Ovarian Cancer Registry study.

Science.gov (United States)

Etter, John Lewis; Eng, Kevin; Cannioto, Rikki; Kaur, Jasmine; Almohanna, Hani; Alqassim, Emad; Szender, J Brian; Joseph, Janine M; Lele, Shashikant; Odunsi, Kunle; Moysich, Kirsten B

2018-04-01

Although family history of testicular cancer is well-established as a risk factor for testicular cancer, it is unknown whether family history of ovarian cancer is associated with risk of testicular cancer. Using data from the Familial Ovarian Cancer Registry on 2636 families with multiple cases of ovarian cancer, we systematically compared relative frequencies of ovarian cancer among relatives of men with testicular and non-testicular cancers. Thirty-one families with cases of both ovarian and testicular cancer were identified. We observed that, among men with cancer, those with testicular cancer were more likely to have a mother with ovarian cancer than those with non-testicular cancers (OR = 3.32, p = 0.004). Zero paternal grandmothers of men with testicular cancer had ovarian cancer. These observations provide compelling preliminary evidence for a familial association between ovarian and testicular cancers Future studies should be designed to further investigate this association and evaluate X-linkage. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Crossed testicular ectopia: a case report and review of the literature

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Crossed testicular ectopia: a case report and review of the literature. Sami E.E. Salah, Khalid I. Elhaj, Yasir O.M. Awadelseed and. Sami G.E.E. Mohammed. Crossed testicular ectopia (CTE) is an extremely rare anomaly in which deviation of testicular descent results in unilateral location of both testes. It is usually associated.

The Value of Testicular Biopsy in Male Infertility: Experience with 63 ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objectives: The subject of male infertility is large and complex. While testicular biopsy has been condemned in the diagnosis of patients with testicular tumors, it has a well established place in the investigation of the sub-fertile male. This study was conducted to examine the role of testicular biopsy in patients with male ...

Índice gonadossomático e correlações entre dimensões e peso testiculares na codorna japonesa (Coturnix coturnix japonica aos 60 dias de idade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L.L. Lanna

2013-08-01

Full Text Available As dimensões e o peso testicular foram avaliados em 25 machos adultos de codornas japonesas (Coturnix coturnix japonica e correlacionados entre si, a fim de se buscar obter informações que possibilitem a criação de um parâmetro preditivo da capacidade de produção espermática. As aves foram abatidas e os testículos removidos para mensuração e pesagem. As dimensões e o peso entre os testículos esquerdo e direito foram comparados. Os parâmetros testiculares foram correlacionados entre si por meio da determinação do coeficiente de correlação linear. O índice gonadossomático também foi determinado, indicando alocação de 3,68% do peso corporal em testículos nos machos avaliados, resultado maior do que os descritos na literatura. Apesar da diferença de formato entre os testículos esquerdo e direito, o peso foi semelhante, sugerindo que não há diferença na capacidade de produção espermática entre eles. Diferença estatística entre os valores biométricos indica que o testículo esquerdo é mais curto e mais arredondado, enquanto o direito é mais longo e estreito. O peso corporal apresentou baixa correlação com o peso testicular, 0,14 e 0,12 para os testículos esquerdo e direito, respectivamente. Os parâmetros que melhor se correlacionaram com o peso testicular foram a largura e a espessura. Considerando-se a identificação de um parâmetro único para comparação entre machos, a espessura do testículo esquerdo apresentou coeficiente de correlação linear de 0,89 com o somatório do peso dos dois testículos. Com base nessa informação, métodos não invasivos, como a ultrassonografia, poderiam ser utilizados para estimar o potencial reprodutivo e auxiliar na comparação de machos de codornas japonesas em núcleos de seleção de aves elite, contribuindo para melhoramento genético da espécie.

Chronic restraint stress induces sperm acrosome reaction and changes in testicular tyrosine phosphorylated proteins in rats

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Supatcharee Arun

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Background: Stress is a cause of male infertility. Although sex hormones and sperm quality have been shown to be low in stress, sperm physiology and testicular functional proteins, such as phosphotyrosine proteins, have not been documented. Objective: To investigate the acrosome status and alterations of testicular proteins involved in spermatogenesis and testosterone synthesis in chronic stress in rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, male rats were divided into 2 groups (control and chronic stress (CS, n=7. CS rats were immobilized (4 hr/day for 42 consecutive days. The blood glucose level (BGL, corticosterone, testosterone, acrosome status, and histopathology were examined. The expressions of testicular steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR, cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage (CYP11A1, and phosphorylated proteins were analyzed. Results: Results showed that BGL (71.25±2.22 vs. 95.60±3.36 mg/dl, corticosterone level (24.33±4.23 vs. 36.9±2.01 ng/ml, acrosome reacted sperm (3.25±1.55 vs. 17.71±5.03%, and sperm head abnormality (3.29±0.71 vs. 6.21±1.18% were significantly higher in CS group in comparison with control. In contrast, seminal vesicle (0.41±0.05 vs. 0.24±0.07 g/100g, testosterone level (3.37±0.79 vs. 0.61±0.29 ng/ml, and sperm concentration (115.33±7.70 vs. 79.13±3.65×106 cells/ml of CS were significantly lower (p<0.05 than controls. Some atrophic seminiferous tubules and low sperm mass were apparent in CS rats. The expression of CYP11A1 except StAR protein was markedly decreased in CS rats. In contrast, a 55 kDa phosphorylated protein was higher in CS testes. Conclusion: CS decreased the expression of CYP11A, resulting in decreased testosterone, and increased acrosome-reacted sperm, assumed to be the result of an increase of 55 kDa phosphorylated protein.

Varicocele e volume testicular em adolescentes e adultos jovens portadores de esquistossomose hepatoesplênica cirúrgica

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Brandt Frederico Teixeira

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o volume testicular e a prevalência de varicocele em adolescentes e adultos jovens portadores de esquistossomose na forma hepatoesplênica associada a varizes sangrentas de esôfago. MÉTODOS: O estudo envolveu 22 adolescentes masculinos com esquistossomose na forma descrita, submetidos à esplenectomia, ligadura da veia gástrica esquerda e auto-implante de tecido esplênico no grande omento quando crianças. O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 4 anos após a intervenção. O grupo de voluntários sadios foi de adolescentes de uma escola na mesma região onde os casos operados viviam. Eles foram selecionados de forma randomizada, considerando a faixa de idade, características epidemiológicas e não serem infestados por equistossomose. Todos os participantes possuíam história clínica completa e foram submetidos a exame físico e ultra-sonográfico. Foi dado atenção especial as características sexuais, ultra-sonografia testicular e dopplerfluxometria das veias espermáticas. RESULTADOS: Dos pacientes classificados como adultos pela idade cronológica, 53,8% tinham genitais com características infantis. A incidência de varicocele foi igual a 61,5% no grupo afetado e 40% no grupo controle, sem diferença estatística entre os grupos (x 2 =1,77; g.1.=1; p=0,18 3 p Fisher=0,16, acometendo predominantemente o testículo esquerdo, em ambos os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com doença esquistossomótica cirúrgica tinham significante déficit no desenvolvimento puberal e genital, no volume testicular, especialmente do lado esquerdo, e alta prevalência de varicocele (61.5% sem uma associação direta com atrofia testicular.

Global trends in testicular cancer incidence and mortality.

Science.gov (United States)

Rosen, Alexandre; Jayram, Gautam; Drazer, Michael; Eggener, Scott E

2011-08-01

Epidemiologic studies on testicular cancer have focused primarily on European countries. Global incidence and mortality have been less thoroughly evaluated. Our goal was to gain a better understanding of the most recent global age-standardized incidence and mortality rates for testicular cancer and to use these values to estimate a region's health care quality. Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for testicular cancer were obtained for men of all ages in 172 countries by using the GLOBOCAN 2008 database, reflecting the annual rate of cancer incidence and mortality per 100,000 men. These data were evaluated on a regional level to compare incidence and mortality rates. Global plots of these values were constructed to better visualize geographic distributions. Finally, the ratio of ASIR to ASMR was calculated as a method to assess each region's proficiency in diagnosing and effectively treating testicular cancer. ASIR and ASMR were analyzed by region, and each region's ratio of ASIR to ASMR was calculated. Testicular cancer ASIR is highest in Western Europe (7.8%), Northern Europe (6.7%), and Australia (6.5%). Asia and Africa had the lowest incidence (ASMR was highest in Central America (0.7%), western Asia (0.6%), and Central and Eastern Europe (0.6%). Mortality was lowest in North America, Northern Europe, and Australia (0.1-0.2%). The ASIR-ASMR ratio was highest in Australia (65.0%) and lowest in western Africa (1.0%). National reporting systems varied by country, and data quality may have fluctuated between regions. Testicular cancer incidence remains highest in developed nations with primarily Caucasian populations. Variable ASIR-ASMR ratios suggest markedly different geographic-specific reporting mechanisms, access to care, and treatment capabilities. Copyright © 2011 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A Rare Cause of Scrotal Mass in a Newborn: Antenatal Intravaginal Testicular Torsion

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Ahmet Ali Tuncer

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Intravaginal testicular torsion is a very rare pathology in the neonatal period. However, it is the most common type of torsion in puberty. In this article, we present a male patient with testicular hyperemia and a mass in the testis. Ultrasonography revealed intravaginal testicular torsion and absence of testicular blood flow. This paper aims to draw attention to the importance of neonatal examination for the presence of testicular torsion which is a rare pathology in newborns with scrotal colour change or presence of an abnormal mass.

Adult testicular cancer: Two decades of Saudi national data.

Science.gov (United States)

Abomelha, Mohammed

2017-01-01

There is a paucity of data regarding testicular cancer among Saudis as well as the nonexistent of published national data. Furthermore, a substantial increase of the incidence of testicular cancer among Saudis was lately noted. The aim of the study is to determine the trends and patterns of testicular cancer among adult Saudis using national data over a period of 20 years. The national database of the Saudi Cancer Registry (SCR) on testicular cancer over the last two decades was studied including epidemiological and histological patterns. The 1004 cases of testicular cancer among adult Saudis reported by the SCR will be the subject of this study. From 1994 to 2013, 1004 cases of testicular cancer among adult Saudis were reported to the SCR, with a steadily significant increase in incidence rate reaching an annual rate of 94 cases in 2013. Age of the patients ranged 15-93 years with a mean of 34.5 years. The most affected age group was 20-34 years, where 51% of all testicular cancer accumulated. Around 85% of testicular cancer is germ cell tumors, while paratesticular and gonadal stromal tumors represent 15%. Of all testicular cancer, seminomas were seen in 40.7%, nonseminomas in 44.6%. Notably, 70.4% of the cases in the first decade were seminomas, while in the second decade 65.9% of the cases were nonseminomas. The subtypes of the nonseminomas were a mixed tumor in 51.6%, embryonal carcinoma in 19.9%, yolk sac tumor in 12.3%, germinomas in 6.7%, teratomas in 6%, and choriocarcinomas in 3.6%. Lymphomas (34.7%) and rhabdomyosarcomas (23.6%) are on the top of the paratesticular tumor group. The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results summary stage of seminomas was localized in 61.6%, regional in 19.8%, and distant in 12.6%, while of nonseminomas was 48%, 15.5%, and 28.5%, respectively. Localized and distant status of seminomas improved over the studied period by 12% and 4% respectively, while this trend was not seen in nonseminomas. The incidence rate is on rising

Caracterização da agressividade e atividade enzimática de isolados de Colletotrichum spp. associados à antracnose do abacate

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Hugo José Tozze Júnior

Full Text Available RESUMO A antracnose é a principal doença pós-colheita do abacate. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos caracterizar a agressividade e a atividade enzimática de 30 isolados de Colletotrichum spp. de abacate. Abacates ‘Fuerte’ foram inoculados com disco de BDA contendo estruturas de cada isolado e após sete dias mensuraram-se os diâmetros das lesões. Dois grupos de isolados foram distinguidos quanto à agressividade pelo teste de teste de Scott-Knott (p=0,05, um com lesões entre 34,0 e 38,2 mm e outro com lesões entre 38,7 e 44,0 mm de diâmetro. Para caracterização enzimática, avaliaram-se as áreas dos halos formados em substratos específicos para detecção de amilase, celulase, lacase, lipase, pectato liase e protease e a atividade da enzima catalase. Os isolados não produziram amilase suficiente para formação de halo em meio de cultura. Todos os isolados produziram catalase, pectato liase e protease, enquanto 46% produziram lacase e 97% tiveram as atividades da celulase e lipase detectadas. Distinguiram-se dois grupos de isolados para as enzimas catalase e pectato liase, cinco grupos para a celulase, seis grupos para a lacase e sete grupos para as enzimas lipase e protease, pelo teste de teste de Scott-Knott (p=0,05. Não houve relação entre as atividades enzimáticas e a agressividade dos isolados.

A 55-Year-Old Man with Right Testicular Pain: Too Old for Torsion?

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Yu Ho; Yeung, Victor Hip Wo; Chu, Peggy Sau Kwan; Man, Chi Wai

2017-02-01

Testicular torsion is predominantly a disease of adolescence, but age itself should not be an exclusion criterion for the diagnosis. A lack of suspicion for testicular torsion in older patients may result in a missed or delayed diagnosis which jeopardizes the chance of testicular salvage. In this article, we report a case of testicular torsion in a 55-year-old Chinese man.

Mice plasma fibrinogen consumption by thrombin-like enzyme present in rattlesnake venom from the North-East region of Argentina Consumo de fibrinógeno plasmático en ratones por acción de enzima con actividad trombínica presente en el veneno de cascabel del nordeste argentino

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Silvana L. Maruñak

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Due to variability of venom components from the same species of snakes that inhabit different regions, particular properties of the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus that inhabits the North-East of Argentina were studied. Gyroxin, a thrombin-like enzyme, was isolated from this venom by gel filtration and affinity chromatography, it was found to be homogeneous according to SDS-PAGE, with a molecular weight of 33 kDa. "Gyroxin syndrome" in mice was tested and it showed changes in the animal behavior, confirming that the isolated thrombin-like enzyme is gyroxin. Effects of this enzyme and the crude venom on mice plasmatic fibrinogen levels were determined. The mice plasma fibrinogen decreased rapidly until incoagulability during the first hour after thrombin-Iike enzyme injection, then reaching its normal level 10 hours after injection; whereas crude venom resulted in a 60% decrease of the mice plasma fibrinogen, reaching its normal level after the same period of time. After 1 hour of gyroxin inoculation, intravascular coagulation was observed in histological cuttings of lung, cardiac muscle and liver. The isolated enzyme showed strong hydrolyzing activity on fibrinogen and fibrin in vitro, whereas the crude venom exhibited weak hydrolyzing activity on both substrates. It is probable that this very low activity is due to the low percentage of the enzyme in the crude venom. Decreasing of plasmatic fibrinogen levels may be due to either the coagulant or hydrolyzing actions of the enzyme.Teniendo en cuenta la variabilidad de los componentes del veneno de serpientes de una misma especie que habitan regiones diferentes, se decidió estudiar las propiedades particulares del veneno de Crotalus durissus terrificus que habita el nordeste de Argentina, Giroxina, una enzima con actividad trombínica, fue aislada del veneno por cromatografía de filtración por gel y de afinidad; se comprobó su homogeneidad y se determinó su peso molecular, 33 kDa, por

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of torsion of testicular appendages

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Esparza, J.; Gonzalez, A.; Cordero, J. L.

2000-01-01

To determine the efficacy of ultrasound in boys presenting torsion of a testicular appendage. A series of 30 boys with acute scrotal pain due to torsion of a testicular appendage was studied. Nine patients underwent surgery. The clinical findings and course in the remaining 21 suggested the presence of this abnormality. All of them underwent conventional and color Doppler ultrasound using a 7.5 MHz transducer. In 15 boys, ultrasound images depicted the affected appendage as a mass between the epididymal head and the testicle. In 13 cases, only signs of a inflammatory reaction, with enlargement of the epididymal head and tunicas presenting hyperflow and hydrocele, mimicking acute epididymities. In two cases, the images were normal. There is no definitive, distinguishing ultrasound image corresponding to testicular appendage torsion. Therefore, this diagnostic technique should be accompanied by clinical assessment. (Author) 14 refs

Teachers' Beliefs Concerning Teaching about Testicular Cancer and Testicular Self-Examination.

Science.gov (United States)

Wohl, Royal E.; Kane, William M.

1997-01-01

This study compared secondary health teachers' beliefs concerning teaching about testicular cancer (TC) and self-examination (TSE) to actual instruction. TC and TSE education levels were low. Perceived barriers to teaching about TSE was the main predictor of TSE instruction. Teachers with previous preparation in TC and TSE provided the most…

Relapse and Mortality Risk of Stage I Testicular Cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Florvall, Cecilia; Frederiksen, Peder; Lauritsen, Jakob

2017-01-01

OBJECTIVES: - To assess the medical insurance risk for patients with stage I testicular cancer (TC), by calculating the overall mortality risk with and without relapse, and compare it to men from the Danish population. BACKGROUND: - Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy in young males...

Ultrasonographic findings of torsed testicular appendages in prepubertal children

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shin, Su Mi

2013-01-01

To characterize the sonographic findings of torsed testicular appendages and to evaluate the sonographic findings in making erroneous diagnosis of epididymitis or torsion of testis in prepubertal children. From June 2010 to November 2012, we retrospectively analyzed the duplex sonography of fifteen children with torsion of testicular appendages. The presence or absence of the extratesticular nodule and secondary inflammatory changes were evaluated. Six patients had follow-up sonography and two patients underwent surgery. Sonography demonstrated the extratesticular nodule in 13 (87%) children. Four of these 13 children were misdiagnosed as epididymitis due to imperceptions of the nodule. Out of remaining two (13%) children without the nodule, one mimicked epididymitis and the other was misdiagnosed as torsion of testis. Secondary inflammatory changes included enlarged epididymis in 14 children (93%), scrotal wall edema in 11 (73%), hydrocele in 10 (67%), and enlarged testis in 3 (20%). Ultrasonographic findings of secondary inflammatory changes in the absence or imperception of the nodules for epididymo-testicular groove or epididymal head may suggest an erroneous diagnosis of epididymitis or torsion of testis in children with torsed testicular appendages. Meticulous evaluation for the nodule is important when differentiating the torsed testicular appendages from the two entities of prepubertal children.

Protective effect of hemin against cadmium-induced testicular damage in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fouad, Amr A.; Qureshi, Habib A.; Al-Sultan, Ali Ibrahim; Yacoubi, Mohamed T.; Ali, Abdellah Abusrie

2009-01-01

The protective effect of hemin, the heme oxygenase-1 inducer, was investigated in rats with cadmium induced-testicular injury, in which oxidative stress and inflammation play a major role. Testicular damage was induced by a single i.p. injection of cadmium chloride (2 mg/kg). Hemin was given for three consecutive days (40 μmol/kg/day, s.c.), starting 1 day before cadmium administration. Hemin treatment significantly increased serum testosterone level that was reduced by cadmium. Hemin compensated deficits in the antioxidant defense mechanisms (reduced glutathione, and catalase and superoxide dismutase activities), and suppressed lipid peroxidation in testicular tissue resulted from cadmium administration. Also, hemin attenuated the cadmium-induced elevations in testicular tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide levels, and caspase-3 activity. Additionally, hemin ameliorated cadmium-induced testicular tissue damage observed by light and electron microscopic examinations. The protective effect afforded by hemin was abolished by prior administration of zinc protoporphyrin-IX, the heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor. It was concluded that hemin, through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects, represents a potential therapeutic option to protect the testicular tissue from the detrimental effects of cadmium

Attitudes Toward Testicular Cancer and Self-Examination Among Northern Irish Males.

Science.gov (United States)

Roy, Rachel Kathryn; Casson, Karen

2017-03-01

Testicular cancer incidence rates are increasing worldwide making it the most common malignancy in males aged 15 to 45 years. Without a known way to prevent the disease health professionals must promote awareness and early detection. A literature review identified a scarcity of information regarding awareness and knowledge of, and attitudes toward, testicular cancer and testicular self-examination among men in Northern Ireland. This study aimed to establish baseline data for Northern Ireland using a convenience sample of 150 men, aged 18 to 45 years. The sample was recruited from across the country and so represents a range of education and area deprivation levels. An online survey was used to collect data. Results showed that while 39% of respondents correctly identified the age group at highest risk for testicular cancer, only 17% of respondents had ever heard of a testicular self-examination. Analysis revealed knowledge, awareness, and attitudes differed by age groups and area deprivation quintiles. It is recommended that health promoters in Northern Ireland and elsewhere use these findings to tailor health promotion initiatives to engage men and raise testicular cancer and self-examination awareness.

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Estresse salino em duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar: enzimas do sistema antioxidativo e fluorescência da clorofila Salinity stress in two varieties of sugar cane: enzymes of the antioxidant system and chlorophyll fluorescence

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Lilia Willadino

2011-06-01

Full Text Available O Brasil destaca-se por ser o maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L. e por dominar todos os estágios da tecnologia de produção de açúcar e etanol. Atualmente se observa a expansão dessa cultura para a região semiárida brasileira, a qual apresenta solos propensos à salinização. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a resposta à salinidade de duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar. O ensaio foi implantado em casa de vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 8 com cinco repetições, correspondendo a duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar (RB867515 e RB863129 e oito níveis de NaCl (0; 25; 50; 75; 100; 125; 150; 200 mM de NaCl. A salinidade induziu aumento na fluorescência e diminuição na concentração de clorofila em ambas as variedades. A redução da clorofila, entretanto, foi maior na variedade RB867515. Observou-se, nesta mesma variedade, aumento da atividade da peroxidase do ascorbato (APX e da catalase (CAT, enquanto na variedade RB863129 ocorreu redução na atividade dessas enzimas. Esses resultados indicam que a variedade RB867515 apresenta um mecanismo mais eficiente na proteção da planta contra danos no aparato fotoquímico e contra a ação de espécies reativas de oxigênio, em particular o H2O2.Brazil is seen as being the largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L. and of mastering all stages in the production of sugar and ethanol. Currently this production is being expanded into the semi-arid regions of Brazil, where there are soil-types prone to salinity. This study aimed to evaluate the response to salinity in two sugarcane genotypes, RB867515 and RB863129. Salinity caused an increase in chlorophyll fluorescence and a reduction of chlorophyll concentration in both varieties. The reduction of chlorophyll however was higher in RB867515. In this same type, an increase in the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX and catalase (CAT was observed, while in

Testicular cancer risk and maternal parity: a population-based cohort study.

Science.gov (United States)

Westergaard, T; Andersen, P K; Pedersen, J B; Frisch, M; Olsen, J H; Melbye, M

1998-04-01

The aim was to study, in a population-based cohort design, whether first-born sons run a higher risk of testicular cancer than later born sons; to investigate whether this difference in risk was affected by birth cohort, age of the son, maternal age, interval to previous delivery and other reproductive factors; and, finally, to evaluate to what extent changes in women's parity over time might explain the increasing incidence of testicular cancer. By using data from the Civil Registration System, a database was established of all women born in Denmark since 1935 and all their children alive in 1968 or born later. Sons with testicular cancer were identified in the Danish Cancer Registry. Among 1015994 sons followed for 15981 967 person-years, 626 developed testicular cancer (443 non-seminomas, 183 seminomas). Later born sons had a decreased risk of testicular cancer (RR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.67-0.95) compared with first-born sons. The RR was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.64-0.98) for non-seminomas and 0.81 (95% CI = 0.58-1.13) for seminomas. There was no association between testicular cancer risk and overall parity of the mother, maternal or paternal age at the birth of the son, or maternal age at first birth. The decreased risk of testicular cancer among later born sons was not modified by age, birth cohort, interval to the previous birth, sex of the first-born child, or maternal age at birth of the son or at first birth. The increased proportion of first-borns from birth cohort 1946 to birth cohort 1969 only explained around 3% of an approximated two-fold increase in incidence between the cohorts. Our data document a distinctly higher risk of testicular cancer in first-born compared with later born sons and suggest that the most likely explanation should be sought among exposures in utero. The increase in the proportion of first-borns in the population has only contributed marginally to the increase in testicular cancer incidence.

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Testicular tumors - clinical aspects and therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hirschmann, K.E.

1981-01-01

In this study the author reports about classification, clinical experience, therapy and therapeutic results of testicular tumors on the basis of results given in literature and of own investigations performed at the Clinic and Policlinic for Radiotherapy at Wuerzburg. In total, 97 patients with testicular tumors were examined and their cases analysed. These patients had received radiotherapy between January 1, 1962 and December 31, 1979. The difficulties with the intended classification of testicular tumors and the advantages and disadvantages of the individual nomenclatures are described. Consideration of the affected age-groups showed that this disease concerns mainly younger males with a high life expectancy. The study depicts the relatively discrete symptoms and signs and the difficulties connected with clinical diagnosis. A more generous indication for the exposition of the testicles is demanded. Also the lymphatic drainage of the testicular region, the resulting paths of metastatic spread and the difficulties connected with the lymphographic detection of metastases are described. There are three therapeutic measures: surgical intervention, radiotherapy and cytostatic treatment. With seminomas mandatory semitestectomy and radiotherapy will suffice; with other affections than seminomas, semitestectomy shall be followed by a combined therapy comprising removal of lymphatic nodes and cytostatic treatment and not so much radiotherapy. The results of treatment given in literature are compared with the own results. This comparison revealed good success with treatment of seminomas. With non-seminomal affections exclusive radiotherapy appears to be insufficient. Therefore a combined therapy is postulated, which must be rendered possible by a good interdisciplinary cooperation of pathologists, urologists and radiologists. (orig.) [de

Differentiation of testicular diseases via dynamic MRT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaiser, W.A.; Reinges, T.; Miersch, W.D.; Vogel, J.

1994-01-01

The present study aimed at resolving whether dynamic MRT can improve diagnostic relevance in diseases of the testes compared with conventional spin echo images. The testes of 20 healthy volunteers and of 16 patients of the Department of Urology of the University of Bonn were examined by means of MR tomography. Within 12 hours after MR tomography the patients were surgically explored, biopsied and if necessary orchiectomised. Results obtained with the volunteers were uniform and well reproducible, independent of external influences. On comparing the maximal enhancement curves of the examined various testicular tumors with the standard values established by examining the healthy volunteers, the curves obtained with the malignant testicular tumors were always clearly above the chosen confidence range of 3 standard deviations so that malignancy diagnosis was easy. However, the degree of maximal enhancement did not enable us to arrive at a conclusion in respect of the tumor type or the degree of malignancy. The greatest enhancement occurred with the tumor of Sertoli's cell which could thus be clearly differentiated against the other malignant testicular tumors. Due to masking of the gadolinium effect by haemosiderin deposits, haemorrhagica in the tumor tissue should be excluded by means of T 2 -weighted spin echo sequences before following up a suspicion of malignant testicular tomor. Benign intratesticular changes could be safely separated from malignant findings by means of the maximal enhancement curve lying in the normal range or below the curve of the volunteers. As with other organs, dynamic MR tomography yields definitely more and better information than conventional MR tomography also in the diagnosis of testicular tumours. However, these ''pros'' do not offset the ''cons'' of high costs of such examinations. (orig.) [de

Birth order, sibship size, and risk for germ-cell testicular cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Richiardi, Lorenzo; Akre, Olof; Lambe, Mats; Granath, Fredrik; Montgomery, Scott M; Ekbom, Anders

2004-05-01

Several studies have reported an inverse association between birth order and testicular cancer risk, but estimates vary greatly and the biologic mechanism underlying the association is not established. We have evaluated the effect of birth order, sibship size, and the combined effect of these 2 variables in relation to risk for testicular cancer in a large, nested case-control study. Specifically, we compared 3051 patients with germ-cell testicular cancer (diagnosed between 1958 and 1998 and identified through the Swedish Cancer Registry) with 9007 population control subjects. Using record linkage with the Multi-Generation Register and the Census, we obtained information on number, order, and sex of the subjects' siblings, parental age, and paternal socioeconomic status. Both birth order and sibship size had an inverse and monotonically decreasing association with testicular cancer risk after adjusting for parental age, paternal socioeconomic status, and twin status. The associations were modified by subjects' cohort of birth and were not present among those born after 1959. The odds ratio for having at least 3 siblings, compared with none, was 0.63 (95% confidence interval = 0.53-0.75) among subjects born before 1960. Stratified analyses showed that birth order and number of younger siblings had a similar inverse association with the risk for testicular cancer. Sibship size, and not only birth order, is associated with testicular cancer risk. This suggests a higher prevalence of parental subfertility among patients with testicular cancer.

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Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: DNS.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: Pol.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: DNS.Gon.05.AllAg.Testicular_germ_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia of the Testis, Bilateral Testicular Cancer, and Aberrant Histologies.

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Pranav; Dhillon, Jasreman; Sexton, Wade J

2015-08-01

Intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) is a precursor lesion for testicular germ cell tumors, most of which are early stage. ITGCN is also associated with testicular cancer or ITGCN in the contralateral testis, leading to a risk of bilateral testicular malignancy. Testicular biopsy detects most cases, and orchiectomy is the treatment of choice in patients with unilateral ITGCN. Low-dose radiation therapy is recommended in patients with bilateral ITGCN or ITGCN in the solitary testis, but the long-term risks of infertility and hypogonadism need to be discussed with the patient. Rare histologies of primary testicular cancer are also discussed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

File list: Oth.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: Oth.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_germ_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: Oth.Gon.05.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: Oth.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_germ_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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Cultivo de Penicillium spp. em resíduos da colheita de soja para produção de celulase, protease e amilase

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joice Raísa Barbosa Cunha

Full Text Available RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a produção de enzimas amilolíticas, celulolíticas e proteolíticas pela linhagem Penicillium spp. LEMI A8221 cultivada em estado sólido em resíduos da colheita de soja, ao longo de quatro dias, em diferentes condições de pH (5,0 e 6,0, temperatura (30 e 35°C e concentrações de substrato (70 e 90% p/v. As atividades máximas obtidas para α-amilase, β-amilase, CMCase e protease foram de 0,20; 0,13; 0,65 e 147 U.mg-1, respectivamente. As condições de fermentação influenciaram a atividade das enzimas, sendo a concentração de substrato, a variável mais significativa para o processo. O tempo de fermentação exerceu efeito apenas para as atividades de amilase sacarificante e CMCase, sendo registrados os menores valores de atividade para essas enzimas, nas primeiras 24 e 48 horas de fermentação, respectivamente. Conclui-se que o isolado Penicillium spp. LEMI A8221 pode ser considerado promissor agente biológico, com aplicação industrial, e o resíduo de soja apresentou-se como fonte de carbono alternativa, no cultivo em estado sólido, para produção de enzimas por esta linhagem microbiana.

File list: His.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: His.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: His.Gon.05.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: His.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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Testicular tumors: correlation between radiological findings and pathology results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souza, Luis Ronan Marques Ferreira de; Szejnfeld, Denis; Abud, Thiago G.; Szejnfeld, Jacob; Takano, Daniela Mayumi; Goldman, Suzan Menasce

2005-01-01

The aim of this study is to review the main imaging findings and the pathological and clinical features seen on patients with testicular tumors in order to define characteristics that may help in the differential diagnosis of the most frequent lesions. We performed a retrospective study of 51 patients with diagnosis of testicular tumors submitted to ultrasound and computed tomography between July 2003 to March 2004 that were referred to the Diagnostic Department of Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo Hospital, Brazil. We concluded that a basic knowledge of the key imaging findings and pathological and clinical features of testicular tumor sis very helpful for an accurate diagnosis of this condition.(author)

Functional testicular evaluation using PET/CT with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dierickx, Lawrence Oliver; Zerdoud, Slimane; Filleron, Thomas; Brillouet, Severine; Huyghe, Eric; Delauney, Boris; Bujan, Louis; Plante, Pierre; Nogueira, Daniela; Montagut, Jacques; Courbon, Frederic

2012-01-01

PET/CT using 18 F-FDG is a well-established diagnostic examination in oncology, cardiology and neurology. The clinical significance of nontumoral testicular uptake of FDG is unknown. Functional testicular imaging may have important clinical applications in the diagnosis and prognosis of male infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the andrological value of a FDG PET/CT in analysing testicular function, by correlating the PET/CT data with the sperm parameters. Retrospective analysis of FDG PET/CT in 20 consecutive cancer patients without testicular pathology in whom two semen samples had been obtained for analysis before any chemotherapy. FDG PET/CT parameters were the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), used for measuring the intensity of uptake, and the functional testicular volume (FV). For statistical analysis, a Spearman's rank correlation test and a Mann-Whitney test were used. Of 20 patients (mean age 22 years), 18 had provided two sperm samples for cryopreservation. Sperm concentration was above 20 x 10 6 /ml in 55% of the patients. The intensity of uptake and the FV were correlated with the total sperm count, the sperm concentration and motility (p < 0.05). The difference in SUVmean between the two testes showed an inverse correlation with sperm concentration (p = 0.036). Normospermic and oligospermic men had significant differences in: (1) mean SUVmean, (2) mean FV, and (3) the difference in intensity of uptake between the testes (p < 0.05). This is the first report on the andrological value of FDG PET/CT in analysing nontumoral testicular function. This pilot study showed a significant correlation between intensity of uptake of FDG and testicular FV with the main sperm parameters. PET/CT with FDG could become a useful new tool in assisted reproductive technologies and other andrological or urological applications. (orig.)

Lonidamine affects testicular steroid hormones in immature mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Traina, Maria Elsa; Guarino, Maria; Natoli, Alessia; Romeo, Antonella; Urbani, Elisabetta

2007-01-01

The effects on the hypothalamus-pituitary-testicular axis of the well-known antispermatogenic drug lonidamine (LND) has not been elucidated so far. In the present study, the possible changes of the testicular steroid hormones were evaluated in immature mice for a better characterization of the LND adverse effects both in its use as antitumoral agent and male contraceptive. Male CD1 mice were orally treated on postnatal day 28 (PND28) with LND single doses (0 or 100 mg/kg b.w.) and euthanized every 24 h from PND29 to PND32, on PND35 and on PND42 (1 and 2 weeks after the administration, respectively). Severe testicular effects were evidenced in the LND treated groups, including: a) significant testis weight increase, 24 h and 48 h after dosing; b) sperm head counts decrease (more than 50% of the control) on PND29-32; c) damage of the tubule morphology primarily on the Sertoli cell structure and germ cell exfoliation. All these reproductive endpoints were recovered on PND42. At the same time, a significant impairment of the testicular steroid balance was observed in the treated mice, as evidenced by the decrease of testosterone (T) and androstenedione (ADIONE) and the increase of 17OH-progesterone (17OH-P4) on the first days after dosing, while the testicular content of 17β-estradiol (E2) was unchanged. The hormonal balance was not completely restored afterwards, as levels of T, ADIONE and 17OH-P4 tended to be higher in the treated mice than in the controls, on PND35 and PND42. These data showed for the first time that LND affects intratesticular steroids in experimental animals. However further data are needed both to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the impairment of these metabolic pathways and to understand if the androgens decrease observed after LND administration could be partially involved in the testicular damage

Aspectos bioquímicos da resistência do algodoeiro à ramulose potencializada pelo silício

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonia Mirian Nogueira de Moura Guerra

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do silício (Si sobre a ramulose e aspectos bioquímicos da resistência do algodoeiro a essa doença. Os cultivares BRS Araçá e FM 993 foram desenvolvidos em solução nutritiva contendo (+Si ou não (-Si silício. Avaliou-se o período de incubação (PI, incidência (I, área abaixo da curva do índice da ramulose (AACIR e concentração foliar de Si (CFSi. A CFSi e o PI aumentaram em 76% e 19,5%, respectivamente, nas plantas +Si em relação às -Si, e a I e a AACIR diminuíram em 64% e 18%, respectivamente. A concentração dos compostos fenólicos solúveis totais (CFST e dos derivados da lignina-ácido tioglicólico (DLATG dos dois cultivares supridos com Si aumentou durante o progresso da ramulose, porém essa concentração foi inferior à daquelas que não receberam Si. No cultivar BRS Araçá +Si a atividade das enzimas quitinase (QUI e glicanase (GLI aumentou até os 10 dai em relação às plantas -Si. A atividade das enzimas peroxidase (POX e polifenoloxidase (PPO no cultivar BRS Araçá +Si aumentou entre 20 e 30 dai em relação às plantas -Si, enquanto na FM 993 +Si o aumento foi de até 10 dai. No cultivar FM 993 +Si, a atividade da fenilalanina amônia-liase (FAL aumentou. O fornecimento de Si às plantas de algodoeiro aumentou a resistência à ramulose mediante incremento na concentração CFST e de DLATG nos dois cultivares e na atividade das POX, PPO, QUI e GLI na BRS Araçá, e de POX e FAL na FM 993.

Enzimas de restricción de bacterias nativas de Nicaragua

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

lan Roustan-Espinosa

2000-02-01

Full Text Available Los avances de la ingeniería genética y la biología molecular han propiciado la utilización de bacterias en la industria biotecnológica. En este trabajo se presenta la identificación y caracterización de enzimas de restricción presentes en bacterias recolectadas en medios acuosos de Nicaragua. Se encontró actividad de restricción en el 25% del total de bacterias analizadas. Se abordan los procesos de purificación de extractos de proteínas de bacterias con actividades de Sau961 y Pvull. Este trabajo es un esfuerzo dirigido a la implementación de técnicas modernas de biotecnología en Nicaragua.

Applied anatomic study of testicular veins in adult cadavers and in human fetuses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luciano A. Favorito

2007-04-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: Analyze the anatomic variations of the testicular veins in human cadavers and fetuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred male adult cadavers and 24 fetuses were studied. Four anatomic aspects were considered: 1 Number of testicular veins, 2 The local of vein termination, 3 Type and number of collaterals present and 4 Testicular vein termination angle. RESULTS: Cadavers - Right side - One testicular vein occurred in 85% and 2 veins in 5% of the cases. There were communicating veins with the colon in 21% of the cases. Left side - One testicular vein occurred in 82%, two veins in 15%, three veins in 2% and four veins in 1% of the cases. There were communicating veins with the colon in 31% of the cases. Fetuses - Right side -One testicular vein occurred in all cases. This vein drained to the vena cava in 83.3% of the cases, to the junction of the vena cava with the renal vein in 12.5% and to the renal vein in 4.2%. There were communicating veins with the colon in 25% of the cases. Left side - One testicular vein occurred in 66.6% of the cases, and 2 veins in occurred 33.3%. Communicating veins with the colon were found in 41.6% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The testicular vein presents numeric variations and also variations in its local of termination. In approximately 30% of the cases, there are collaterals that communicate the testicular vein with retroperitoneal veins. These anatomic findings can help understanding the origin of varicocele and its recurrence after surgical interventions.

Testicular torsion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brasso, K; Andersen, L; Kay, L

1993-01-01

Thirty-five patients were examined 6-11 years after operation for torsion of the testis. Loss of testicular tissue was significantly associated with long preoperative duration of symptoms and with low postoperative sperm counts. The sex hormones were normal in the majority of patients...... to the sperm count and concentration. Measurement of carnitine levels in seminal plasma, as a sign of vas deferens obstruction or dysfunction of epididymis, and of autoantibodies against spermatozoa revealed no significant findings....

File list: ALL.Gon.05.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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File list: ALL.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ALL.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells mm9 All antigens Gonad Testicular somatic... cells SRX591728,SRX591729,SRX591717,SRX591716 http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/ALL.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells.bed ...

File list: ALL.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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Efeitos do carbonato de lodenafila na consolidaÃÃo de fraturas da diÃfise femoral de Ratos tratados com haste intramedular

OpenAIRE

Gisele FaÃanha Diogenes Teixeira

2010-01-01

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar os efeitos do carbonato de lodenafil no processo de consolidaÃÃo Ãssea nos fÃmures de ratos reduzidos com fio de Kirshner. Os fatores vasculares sÃo extremamente importantes para a formaÃÃo do calo Ãsseo. O carbonato de lodenafil causa efeitos vasodilatadores, pertence ao grupo dos inibidores da fosfodiesterase seletiva para o tipo 5 (PDE5), enzima que hidrolisa monofosfato de guanosina cÃclico (GMPc). O GMPc induz o relaxamento da musculatura lisa, sendo ut...

Reproductive hormones and metabolic syndrome in 24 testicular cancer survivors and their biological brothers.

Science.gov (United States)

Bandak, M; Jørgensen, N; Juul, A; Lauritsen, J; Kier, M G G; Mortensen, M S; Oturai, P S; Mortensen, J; Hojman, P; Helge, J W; Daugaard, G

2017-07-01

Testicular cancer survivors have impaired gonadal function and increased risk of metabolic syndrome when compared to healthy controls. However, because of the fetal etiology of testicular cancer, familial unrelated healthy men might not be an optimal control group. The objective of this study was to clarify if testicular cancer survivors have impaired gonadal function and increased risk of metabolic syndrome when compared to their biological brothers. A cross-sectional study of testicular cancer survivors (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02240966) was conducted between 2014 and 2016. Of 158 testicular cancer survivors included, 24 had a biological brother who accepted to participate in the study. Serum levels of reproductive hormones and prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to International Diabetes Federation Criteria and National Cholesterol Education Program (Adult Treatment Panel III) criteria comprised the main outcome measures of the study. Median age was similar in testicular cancer survivors and their biological brothers [44 years (IQR 39-50) vs. 46 (40-53) years respectively (p = 0.1)]. In testicular cancer survivors, follow-up since treatment was 12 years (7-19). Serum levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were elevated (p ≤ 0.001), while total testosterone, free testosterone, inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone were lower (p ≤ 0.001) in testicular cancer survivors than in their biological brothers. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was similar and apart from HDL-cholesterol, which was lower in testicular cancer survivors (p = 0.01); there were no differences in the individual components of the metabolic syndrome between testicular cancer survivors and their brothers. In conclusion, gonadal function was impaired in testicular cancer survivors, while we did not detect any difference in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between testicular cancer survivors and their biological brothers. © 2017 American

Comet assay on mice testicular cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anoop Kumar Sharma

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Heritable mutations may result in a variety of adverse outcomes including genetic disease in the offspring. In recent years the focus on germ cell mutagenicity has increased and the “Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS” has published classification criteria for germ cell mutagens (Speit et al., 2009. The in vivo Comet assay is considered a useful tool for investigating germ cell genotoxicity. In the present study DNA strand breaks in testicular cells of mice were investigated. Different classes of chemicals were tested in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the comet assay in testicular cells. The chemicals included environmentally relevant substances such as Bisphenol A, PFOS and Tetrabrombisphenol A. Statistical power calculations will be presented to aid in the design of future Comet assay studies on testicular cells. Power curves were provided with different fold changes in % tail DNA, different number of cells scored and different number of gels (Hansen et al., 2014. An example is shown in Figure 1. A high throughput version of the Comet assay was used. Samples were scored with a fully automatic comet assay scoring system that provided faster scoring of randomly selected cells.

Testicular Biopsy In The Evaluation Of Male Infertility In Maiduguri ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objective: To evaluate testicular biopsy in the management of male infertility in the university of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. Method: This study reviewed retrospectively testicular biopsy in the infertile males managed at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital between january 1991 and December 2000.

Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: mechanistic insights and potential new downstream effects

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sharpe, R.M.; Skakkebæk, Niels Erik

2008-01-01

Reproductive disorders of newborn (cryptorchidism, hypospadias) and young adult males (low sperm counts, testicular germ cell cancer) are common and/or increasing in incidence. It has been hypothesized that these disorders may comprise a testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) with a common origin...

Sperm Concentration, Testicular Volume and Age Predict Risk of Carcinoma In Situ in Contralateral Testis of Men with Testicular Germ Cell Cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rud, Camilla Nymann; Daugaard, Gedske; Rajpert-De Meyts, Ewa

2013-01-01

We investigated whether semen quality or some easily attainable clinical parameters might be used to estimate the risk of contralateral carcinoma in situ in patients with unilateral testicular germ cell tumors.......We investigated whether semen quality or some easily attainable clinical parameters might be used to estimate the risk of contralateral carcinoma in situ in patients with unilateral testicular germ cell tumors....

Miopatia por deficiência de succinato-citocromo-C-redutase: possível defeito no complexo II da cadeia respiratória

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lineu Cesar Werneck

1989-12-01

Full Text Available Relato do caso de mulher de 24 anos de idade que apresentava astenia desde a puberdade, com agravamento nos últimos anos, cuja biópsia muscular revelou grande acúmulo de mitocôndrias. As dosagens dos enzimas mitocondriais mostrou importante redução da succinato-citocromo-C-redutase, sugerindo defeito na cadeia respiratória a nível do complexo II. Medicada com altas doses de vitamina C e K, melhorou da força muscular. São feitas considerações a respeito das principais síndromes com miopatias mitocondriais, bem como a respeito dos métodos de investigação em defeitos da cadeia respiratória.

ESTUDOS TEÓRICOS E DE MODELAGEM MOLECULAR IN SILICO APLICADOS À INTERAÇÃO ENTRE A ENZIMA DELTA-AMINOLEVULINATO DESIDRATASE E DISSELENETOS DE DIARILA

OpenAIRE

Rogério de Aquino Saraiva

2013-01-01

A enzima δ-aminolevulinato desidratase (δ-ALA-D) é uma metaloproteína essencial em vários processos biológicos, uma vez que é responsável por catalisar a formação de porfobilinogênio (PBG), um precursor dos tetrapirrólicos (heme, clorofila). Esta enzima é sensível a metais pesados e outros pró-oxidantes e, dessa forma, tem sido classicamente usada como um marcador na intoxicação por chumbo. Estudos in vitro e in vivo têm demonstrado que o organocalcogênio disseleneto de difenila [(P...

Risk factors for testicular cancer: a case-control study in twins.

Science.gov (United States)

Swerdlow, A J; De Stavola, B L; Swanwick, M A; Mangtani, P; Maconochie, N E

1999-06-01

Early life and anthropometric risk factors for testicular cancer were examined in a case-control study in England and Wales in which affected male twins were compared with their unaffected male co-twins. Questionnaire data was obtained for 60 twin pairs. Significantly raised risk of testicular cancer occurred in twins who had longer arms and legs than their co-twin. There was a significant excess of testicular cancer reported in non-twin brothers, as well as in twin brothers, of cases. Risk was also significantly raised in relation to cryptorchidism. The results on limb length suggest that factors, perhaps nutritional, affecting growth before puberty, may be causes of testicular cancer. The results on risk in brothers add to evidence of a large genetic component in aetiology of the tumour. The risk associated with cryptorchidism in the twins accords with the hypothesis that cryptorchidism is causally associated with testicular cancer because it is a cause of the malignancy, rather than because the same maternal factors experienced in utero cause both conditions.

Increasing incidence of testicular cancer--birth cohort effects.

Science.gov (United States)

Ekbom, A; Akre, O

1998-01-01

The incidence of testicular cancer is rising in most Western populations. A collaborative study between nine population-based cancer registries in countries around the Baltic Sea was utilized in order to analyze in detail geographic variations and temporal trends in the occurrence of testicular cancer. There were 34,309 cases registered up until 1989 starting in Denmark in 1942 and most recently in Latvia in 1977. From the descriptive epidemiology it was obvious that there was a substantial variation in the age-standardized incidence amounting to about a 10-fold difference between the different countries ranging from 0.8 per 100,000 person-years in Lithuania to 7.6 per 100,000 person-years in Denmark. Previous studies have indicated that this increase is due to birth cohort effects. A more detailed analysis was therefore performed in those six countries with a sufficiently long period of cancer registration; Poland, former East Germany, Norway, Finland, Denmark and Sweden. This analysis showed that birth cohort is a more important determinant of testicular cancer risk than year of diagnosis. In Poland, former East Germany and Finland, there was an increasing risk for all birth cohorts. Among men born in Denmark, Norway or Sweden between 1930 and 1945, this increasing trend in risk was interrupted in these birth cohorts but followed thereafter by an uninterrupted increase by birth cohort. In conclusion, life time exposure to environmental factors which are associated with the incidence of testicular cancer appear to be more related to birth cohort than to year of diagnosis. Because testicular cancer typically occurs at an early age, major etiological factors therefore need to operate early in life, perhaps even in utero.

Testicular cancer: a review.

Science.gov (United States)

Hawkins, C; Miaskowski, C

1996-09-01

To describe the pathophysiologic mechanisms, histologic and clinical staging, diagnosis, and medical and nursing management of testicular cancer. Published studies, review articles, and Physician Data Query database. Testicular cancer is a complex disease resulting from transformation of gonadal tissues. The pathophysiologic mechanisms involve damage to tissue in utero and after birth. Orchiectomy is the treatment of choice for early-stage disease. Orchiectomy can have profound physiologic and psychological consequences for young males. Subsequent chemotherapy and radiation therapy also may have severe side effects including azoospermia, bone marrow suppression, nephrotoxicity, and pulmonary toxicity. Early detection of this disease results in improved patient outcomes. Patients treated with radical inguinal orchiectomy and radiation therapy have fewer long-term side effects and toxicities than patients who require more extensive surgery and chemotherapy. Nursing care must focus not only on relieving the patient's physical symptoms but on helping him deal with the psychosexual issues associated with the disease and its treatment.

Editorial comment on “Testicular microlithiasis: Case report and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... Rubens DJ, Liao L. Benign intratesticular cystic lesions: US features. Radiographics 2001;21:S273–81. [2] Gooding GA, Leonhardt W, Stein R. Testicular cysts: US findings. Radi- ology 1987;163:537–8. [3] Hamm B, Fobbe F, Loy V. Testicular cysts: differentiation with US and clinical findings. Radiology 1988;168:19–23.

Atividade da catalase e da lactato desidrogenase em tilápias submetidas a estresse de confinamento: efeito da cor do ambiente Catalase and lactate dehydrogenase activity in tilapia subjected to contention stress: effect of the background color

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elyara Maria Pereira-da-Silva

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se os efeitos da cor do ambiente sobre o crescimento e a atividade da enzima antioxidante catalase (CAT e da lactato desidrogenase (LDH em tilápias do Nilo (n=24; 36,2±3,6g. Oito exemplares foram mortos para determinação da atividade basal das enzimas e os demais permaneceram isolados durante 14 dias sob espectro de luz branca ou azul (n=8 peixes/tratamento. A seguir os peixes foram submetidos a um estresse diário de confinamento de 90 minutos (15° ao 28° dia e pesados semanalmente para cálculo da taxa de crescimento específico (TCE. A TCE negativa confirmou que o confinamento provocou estresse nos peixes, independentemente da cor do ambiente. O aumento da atividade da LDH no músculo vermelho dos peixes mantidos sob luz branca ou azul indicou mudança do metabolismo aeróbio para anaeróbio. O estresse reduziu a atividade da CAT no músculo branco dos peixes mantidos sob a luz branca ou azul. Na musculatura vermelha, esta redução ocorreu apenas nos animais mantidos sob a luz branca. O confinamento aumenta os processos metabólicos anaeróbios e é adequado para estudos sobre os efeitos do estresse. O espectro de luz azul não evita a redução do crescimento e a demanda energética anaeróbia em situações de estresse, mas preserva a atividade da CAT, contribuindo para o bem-estar da tilápia.We assess the effects of the background color on the growth and antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH in Nile tilapia (n=24; 36.2±3.6g. Eight fish were killed for assessment of basal activity of the enzymes and the others remained isolated for 14 days under white or blue light spectrum (n=8 fish/treatment. Then each animal were subjected to a daily stress of confinement of 90 minutes (15th to 28th day and weighed to calculate the specific growth rate (SGR. The negative SGR confirmed that the confinement stressed in fish, regardless of the background color. The increased activity of LDH in red muscle of fish

Testicular radionuclide angiography and sttatic imaging: anatomy, scintigraphic interpretation, and clinical indications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holder, L.E.; Martire, J.R.; Holmes, E.R. III.; Wagner, H.N. Jr.

1977-01-01

Radionuclide testicular angiography and static imaging is an easy, rapidly performed study. Its usefulness in separating acute testicular torsion from acute epididymitis has been confirmed. Increased angiographic perfusion with definition of the testicular and deferential arteries in the spermatic cord and the pudendal artery posteriorly is equated with inflammation. Intense increased vascularity on the blood pool image is seen in abscess and acute inflammation, while cases of tumor and trauma have mild increases. Acute or missed testicular torsion, uncomplicated hydroceles, and spermatoceles show absent vascularity. On the static images, decreased activity is characteristic of the shape and location of the avascular structure. Technical factors are stressed

Ageing, testicular tumours and the pituitary-testis axis in dogs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Peters, M. A.; de Jong, F. H.; Teerds, K. J.; de rooij, D. G.; Dieleman, S. J.; van Sluijs, F. J.

2000-01-01

Dogs of different ages without testicular diseases were evaluated to study possible age-related changes in hormone concentrations in serum. Dogs with testicular tumours were also investigated to study the relation between tumour type and hormone concentrations; in this study, dogs with Sertoli cell

Undetectable inhibin B serum levels in men after testicular irradiation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, P M; Andersson, A M; Rørth, M

1999-01-01

A group of men treated with testicular irradiation for carcinoma in situ in the remaining testis after orchidectomy for unilateral testicular germ cell cancer was used as a model to study of the effect of selective eradication of germ cells on the levels of serum inhibin B in the human male....... Thirteen men with verified spermatogenesis and detectable preirradiation levels of serum inhibin B (median, 55; range, 23-193 pg/mL) were investigated before and after testicular irradiation (14-20 Gy). All patients had undetectable levels of inhibin B 2-12 months (median, 5 months) after radiotherapy (...

Maternal lung cancer and testicular cancer risk in the offspring.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaijser, Magnus; Akre, Olof; Cnattingius, Sven; Ekbom, Anders

2003-07-01

It has been hypothesized that smoking during pregnancy could increase the offspring's risk for testicular cancer. This hypothesis is indirectly supported by both ecological studies and studies of cancer aggregations within families. However, results from analytical epidemiological studies are not consistent, possibly due to methodological difficulties. To further study the association between smoking during pregnancy and testicular cancer, we did a population-based cohort study on cancer risk among offspring of women diagnosed with lung cancer. Through the use of the Swedish Cancer Register and the Swedish Second-Generation Register, we identified 8,430 women who developed lung cancer between 1958 and 1997 and delivered sons between 1941 and 1979. Cancer cases among the male offspring were then identified through the Swedish Cancer Register. Standardized incidence ratios were computed, using 95% confidence intervals. We identified 12,592 male offspring of mothers with a subsequent diagnosis of lung cancer, and there were 40 cases of testicular cancer (standardized incidence ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.35-2.58). The association was independent of maternal lung cancer subtype, and the risk of testicular cancer increased stepwise with decreasing time interval between birth and maternal lung cancer diagnosis. Our results support the hypothesis that exposure to cigarette smoking in utero increases the risk of testicular cancer.

Autophagy-associated proteins BAG3 and p62 in testicular cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Bartsch, Georg; Jennewein, Lukas; Harter, Patrick N; Antonietti, Patrick; Blaheta, Roman A; Kvasnicka, Hans-Michael; Kögel, Donat; Haferkamp, Axel; Mittelbronn, Michel; Mani, Jens

2016-03-01

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) represent the most common malignant tumor group in the age group of 20 to 40-years old men. The potentially curable effect of cytotoxic therapy in TGCT is mediated mainly by the induction of apoptosis. Autophagy has been discussed as an alternative mechanism of cell death but also of treatment resistance in various types of tumors. However, in TGCT the expression and role of core autophagy-associated factors is hitherto unknown. We designed the study in order to evaluate the potential role of autophagy-associated factors in the development and progression of testicular cancers. Eighty-four patients were assessed for autophagy (BAG3, p62) and apoptosis (cleaved caspase 3) markers using immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue micro- arrays. In addition, western blot analyses of frozen tissue of seminoma and non-seminoma were performed. Our findings show that BAG3 was significantly upregulated in seminoma as compared to non-seminoma but not to normal testicular tissue. No significant difference of p62 expression was detected between neoplastic and normal tissue or between seminoma and non-seminoma. BAG3 and p62 showed distinct loco‑regional expression patterns in normal and neoplastic human testicular tissues. In contrast to the autophagic markers, apoptosis rate was significantly higher in testicular tumors as compared to normal testicular tissue, but not between different TGCT subtypes. The present study, for the first time, examined the expression of central autophagy proteins BAG3 and p62 in testicular cancer. Our findings imply that in general apoptosis but not autophagy induction differs between normal and neoplastic testis tissue.

Postnatal risk factors for testicular cancer: The EPSAM case-control study.

Science.gov (United States)

Moirano, Giovenale; Zugna, Daniela; Grasso, Chiara; Mirabelli, Dario; Lista, Patrizia; Ciuffreda, Libero; Segnan, Nereo; Merletti, Franco; Richiardi, Lorenzo

2017-11-01

Testicular cancer is considered to originate from an impaired differentiation of fetal germ cells, but puberty could represent another time window of susceptibility. Our study aimed at investigating the association between environmental exposures acting during puberty/adolescence (13-19 years of age) and the risk of testicular cancer. We used data of the EPSAM study, a case-control study on germ-cell testicular cancer conducted in the province of Turin, Italy, involving cases diagnosed between 1997 and 2008. Histologically confirmed cases (n = 255) and controls (n = 459) completed a postal questionnaire focusing in particular on the pubertal period (namely age 13 years) with questions on physical activity (competitive sports, gardening), lifestyle (alcohol consumption, smoking), occupational history and medical conditions. All analyses were adjusted for the matching variables, cryptorchidism and educational level. Having done at least one competitive sport during puberty (odds ratio [OR]: 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.52-1.00), gardening activities during puberty (OR: 0.62, 0.42-0.94) and having a lower weight than peers during puberty (OR: 0.64, 0.42-0.97) were all inversely associated with the risk of testicular cancer. No evidence of association between smoking or alcohol consumption during puberty and the risk of testicular cancer was observed. Regarding agriculture-related occupations, we found an association with the risk of testicular cancer both for occasional jobs during puberty (OR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.08-5.29) and ever employment in adolescence (OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 0.83-8.10). Our results suggest that postnatal exposures could play a role in testicular cancer aetiology, at least when acting in puberty or adolescence. © 2017 UICC.

Testicular dysgenesis syndrome and Leydig cell function

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Joensen, U.N.; Jorgensen, N.; Rajpert-De, Meyts E.

2008-01-01

Fertility among human beings appear to be on the decline in many Western countries, and part of the explanation may be decreasing male fecundity. A hypothesis has been put forward that decreasing semen quality may be associated with a testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS), a spectrum of disorders...... originating in early foetal life. TDS comprises various aspects of impaired gonadal development and function, including testicular cancer. A growing body of evidence, including animal models and research in human beings, points to lifestyle factors and endocrine disrupters as risk factors for TDS. We present...

File list: InP.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_germ_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available InP.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_germ_cells mm9 Input control Gonad Testicular germ cell.../dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/InP.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_germ_cells.bed ...

The diagnostic impact of testicular biopsies for intratubular germ cell neoplasia in cryptorchid boys and the subsequent risk of testicular cancer in men with prepubertal surgery for syndromic or non-syndromic cryptorchidism.

Science.gov (United States)

Osterballe, Lene; Clasen-Linde, Erik; Cortes, Dina; Engholm, Gerda; Hertzum-Larsen, Rasmus; Reinhardt, Susanne; Thorup, Jorgen

2017-04-01

Cryptorchidism is a risk factor for testicular cancer in adult life. It remains unclear how prepubertal surgery for cryptorchidism impacts later development of adult testicular cancer. The aim of study was to investigate tools to identify the cryptorchid boys who later develop testicular cancer. The study cohort consisted of 1403 men operated prepubertally/pubertally for undescended testis between 1971 and 2003. At surgery testicular biopsies were taken from the cryptorchid testes. The boys were followed for occurrence of testicular cancer. The testicular cancer risk was compared to the risk in the Danish Population. Testicular biopsies from the boys who developed testicular cancer during follow-up underwent histological examination with specific diagnostic immunohistochemical markers for germ cell neoplasia. The cohort was followed for 33,627 person years at risk. We identified 16 cases with testicular cancer in adulthood. The standardized incidence ratio was 2.66 (95% CI: 1.52-4.32). At time of primary surgery in prepubertal/pubertal age Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia (ITGCN) was diagnosed in 5 cases and the boys were unilaterally orchiectomized. At follow-up new immunohistochemical staining indicated ITGCN in two of the 16 cancer cases at reevaluation of the original biopsies from time of prepubertal/pubertal surgery. One had syndromic cryptorchid and developed seminoma, and another showed nonsyndromic cryptorchidism and developed embryonic teratocarcinoma. Totally, ITGCN was diagnosed in 0.5% (7/1403) of prepubertal cryptorchid boys, whereof 57% (4/7) in syndromic-cryptorchidism. ITGCN is predominantly observed prepubertally in boys with syndromic-cryptorchidism. In nonsyndromic cryptorchidism testicular cancer develops postpubertally, generally not based on dormant germ cells of ITGCN caused by an early fetal maldevelopment. LEVEL I. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Leydig cell function in boys following treatment for testicular relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blatt, J.; Sherins, R.J.; Niebrugge, D.; Bleyer, W.A.; Poplack, D.G.

1985-01-01

Current practice for achieving local control of testicular relapse in males with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) includes the use of 2,400-rad testicular radiation. Although this therapy is known to cause germ cell depletion, it has been assumed that it does not alter testicular secretion of testosterone. To test this assumption, the authors measured gonadotropin and testosterone levels in seven boys with ALL who had been treated with radiation for clinically apparent testicular relapse. In four of seven boys, testicular relapse was bilateral with overt involvement of one testicle and microscopic involvement of the other. Three of these four boys demonstrated delayed sexual maturation, and in addition to elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations, testosterone levels were low and luteinizing hormone levels were elevated compared with controls. These data indicate that boys with overt testicular leukemia who are treated with 2,400-rad testicular radiation are at risk for Leydig cell dysfunction. However, the relative contributions of radiation, prior chemotherapy, and leukemic infiltration to this dysfunction remain to be clarified

Androgen action via testicular arteriole smooth muscle cells is important for Leydig cell function, vasomotion and testicular fluid dynamics.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michelle Welsh

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Regulation of blood flow through the testicular microvasculature by vasomotion is thought to be important for normal testis function as it regulates interstitial fluid (IF dynamics which is an important intra-testicular transport medium. Androgens control vasomotion, but how they exert these effects remains unclear. One possibility is by signalling via androgen receptors (AR expressed in testicular arteriole smooth muscle cells. To investigate this and determine the overall importance of this mechanism in testis function, we generated a blood vessel smooth muscle cell-specific AR knockout mouse (SMARKO. Gross reproductive development was normal in SMARKO mice but testis weight was reduced in adulthood compared to control littermates; this reduction was not due to any changes in germ cell volume or to deficits in testosterone, LH or FSH concentrations and did not cause infertility. However, seminiferous tubule lumen volume was reduced in adult SMARKO males while interstitial volume was increased, perhaps indicating altered fluid dynamics; this was associated with compensated Leydig cell failure. Vasomotion was impaired in adult SMARKO males, though overall testis blood flow was normal and there was an increase in the overall blood vessel volume per testis in adult SMARKOs. In conclusion, these results indicate that ablating arteriole smooth muscle AR does not grossly alter spermatogenesis or affect male fertility but does subtly impair Leydig cell function and testicular fluid exchange, possibly by locally regulating microvascular blood flow within the testis.

Testicular cancer in two brothers of a quadruplet: a case report and a review of literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Ulytė, Agnė; Ulys, Albertas; Sužiedėlis, Kęstutis; Patašius, Aušvydas; Smailytė, Giedrė

2017-01-01

Introduction. Testicular cancer and a multiple birth are both rare events, and the risk of testicular cancer is increased in twins. In Lithuania, only five quadruplets have been recorded since the middle of the 20th century. In this report, we present two rare events in one family: testicular cancer in two brothers of a quadruplet (three brothers and a sister). Case description. Both patients were diagnosed at 21 years of age and died within two years from the diagnosis despite treatment. The third symptomless brother did not have testicular pathology. We also review the risk factors associated with testicular cancer, and the proposed hypotheses how a multiple birth results in an increased risk. The most consistent risk factors for testicular cancer are cryptorchidism, prior history of testicular cancer, and a positive familial history. According to different studies, the risk of testicular cancer in twins is higher from 22% to 30%, compared to the general population. Conclusions. To our knowledge, we have presented the first case of testicular teratoblastoma in brothers of a quadruplet.

File list: NoD.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NoD.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells mm9 No description Gonad Testicular somatic... cells http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/NoD.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells.bed ...

The Effects of α-Lipoic Acid against Testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Seda Ozbal

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Testicular torsion is one of the urologic emergencies occurring frequently in neonatal and adolescent period. Testis is sensitive to ischemia-reperfusion injury, and, therefore, ischemia and consecutive reperfusion cause an enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species that result in testicular cell damage and apoptosis. α-lipoic acid is a free radical scavenger and a biological antioxidant. It is widely used in the prevention of oxidative stress and cellular damage. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of α-lipoic acid on testicular damage in rats subjected to testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. 35 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, sham operated, ischemia, ischemia-reperfusion, and ischemia-reperfusion +lipoic acid groups, 2 h torsion and 2 h detorsion of the testis were performed. Testicular cell damage was examined by H-E staining. TUNEL and active caspase-3 immunostaining were used to detect germ cell apoptosis. GPx , SOD activity, and MDA levels were evaluated. Histological evaluation showed that α-lipoic acid pretreatment reduced testicular cell damage and decreased TUNEL and caspase-3-positive cells. Additionally, α-lipoic acid administration decreased the GPx and SOD activity and increased the MDA levels. The present results suggest that LA is a potentially beneficial agent in protecting testicular I/R in rats.

Testicular descent: INSL3, testosterone, genes and the intrauterine milieu

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bay, Katrine; Main, Katharina M; Toppari, Jorma

2011-01-01

Complete testicular descent is a sign of, and a prerequisite for, normal testicular function in adult life. The process of testis descent is dependent on gubernacular growth and reorganization, which is regulated by the Leydig cell hormones insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) and testosterone. Investi...

Prospectively Identified Incident Testicular Cancer Risk in a Familial Testicular Cancer Cohort.

Science.gov (United States)

Pathak, Anand; Adams, Charleen D; Loud, Jennifer T; Nichols, Kathryn; Stewart, Douglas R; Greene, Mark H

2015-10-01

Human testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) have a strong genetic component and a high familial relative risk. However, linkage analyses have not identified a rare, highly penetrant familial TGCT (FTGCT) susceptibility locus. Currently, multiple low-penetrance genes are hypothesized to underlie the familial multiple-case phenotype. The observation that two is the most common number of affected individuals per family presents an impediment to FTGCT gene discovery. Clinically, the prospective TGCT risk in the multiple-case family context is unknown. We performed a prospective analysis of TGCT incidence in a cohort of multiple-affected-person families and sporadic-bilateral-case families; 1,260 men from 140 families (10,207 person-years of follow-up) met our inclusion criteria. Age-, gender-, and calendar time-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for TGCT relative to the general population were calculated using SEER*Stat. Eight incident TGCTs occurred during prospective FTGCT cohort follow-up (versus 0.67 expected; SIR = 11.9; 95% CI, 5.1-23.4; excess absolute risk = 7.2/10,000). We demonstrate that the incidence rate of TGCT is greater among bloodline male relatives from multiple-case testicular cancer families than that expected in the general population, a pattern characteristic of adult-onset Mendelian cancer susceptibility disorders. Two of these incident TGCTs occurred in relatives of sporadic-bilateral cases (0.15 expected; SIR = 13.4; 95% CI, 1.6-48.6). Our data are the first to indicate that despite relatively low numbers of affected individuals per family, members of both multiple-affected-person FTGCT families and sporadic-bilateral TGCT families comprise high-risk groups for incident testicular cancer. Men at high TGCT risk might benefit from tailored risk stratification and surveillance strategies. ©2015 American Association for Cancer Research.

Prospectively-Identified Incident Testicular Cancer Risk in a Familial Testicular Cancer Cohort

Science.gov (United States)

Pathak, Anand; Adams, Charleen D.; Loud, Jennifer T.; Nichols, Kathryn; Stewart, Douglas R.; Greene, Mark H.

2015-01-01

Background Human testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) have a strong genetic component and a high familial relative risk. However, linkage analyses have not identified a rare, highly-penetrant familial TGCT (FTGCT) susceptibility locus. Currently, multiple low-penetrance genes are hypothesized to underlie the familial multiple-case phenotype. The observation that two is the most common number of affected individuals per family presents an impediment to FTGCT gene discovery. Clinically, the prospective TGCT risk in the multiple-case family context is unknown. Methods We performed a prospective analysis of TGCT incidence in a cohort of multiple-affected-person families and sporadic-bilateral-case families; 1,260 men from 140 families (10,207 person-years of follow-up) met our inclusion criteria. Age-, gender-, and calendar time-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for TGCT relative to the general population were calculated using SEER*Stat. Results Eight incident TGCTs occurred during prospective FTGCT cohort follow-up (versus 0.67 expected; SIR=11.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]=5.1–23.4; excess absolute risk=7.2/10,000). We demonstrate that the incidence rate of TGCT is greater among bloodline male relatives from multiple-case testicular cancer families than that expected in the general population, a pattern characteristic of adult-onset Mendelian cancer susceptibility disorders. Two of these incident TGCTs occurred in relatives of sporadic-bilateral cases (0.15 expected; SIR=13.4; 95%CI=1.6–48.6). Conclusions Our data are the first indicating that despite relatively low numbers of affected individuals per family, members of both multiple-affected-person FTGCT families and sporadic-bilateral TGCT families comprise high-risk groups for incident testicular cancer. Impact Men at high TGCT risk might benefit from tailored risk stratification and surveillance strategies. PMID:26265202

File list: NoD.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NoD.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells mm9 No description Gonad Testicular somat...ic cells http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/NoD.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells.bed ...

File list: NoD.Gon.05.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NoD.Gon.05.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells mm9 No description Gonad Testicular somat...ic cells http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/NoD.Gon.05.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells.bed ...

File list: NoD.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NoD.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells mm9 No description Gonad Testicular somat...ic cells http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/NoD.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells.bed ...

Reversible harmless interruption of testicular blood supply in the ram

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

van Vliet, J.; De Ruiter-Bootsma, A.L.; Oei, Y.H.; Hoekstra, A.; De Rooij, D.G.; Wensing, C.J.

1987-01-01

An effective method of interrupting testicular blood flow temporarily and repeatedly in the ram has been developed. Blockade of flow has been achieved mechanically by an inflatable occluder placed around the testicular artery at the level of the spermatic cord. The effect of the blockade on total testicular blood supply was investigated using Doppler flowmetry and a percutaneous Xenon-133 injection method. With both approaches, the blood flow changes after inflation or deflation of the occluders could be estimated satisfactorily. A substantial decrease of testicular blood flow was achieved in eight of the 10 testes with inflated occluders. However, there were indications that in the remaining two testes blockade of the arterial flow was not complete. After deflation of the occluders, blood flow was restored rapidly and completely in all testes. Macro- and microscopic examinations revealed no long-term damage to the testis after blood flow interruptions lasting 30 or 60 minutes

Termoativação da transaminase glutâmico oxaloacética

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hélion Póvoa Júnior

1973-01-01

Full Text Available Estudou-se a atividade da transaminase glutâmico oxaloacética (TGO em diferentes tecidos (fígado, músculo, rim, pulmão, baço e soro sanguíneo de ratos e de soro humano. verificou-se que a atividade da enzima proveniente de qualquer um destes tecidos é aumentada cerca de tr~es vezes quando a incubação se faz a 60ºC, ao invés de 37ºC. São feitas considerações acerca da importância deste fato.Glutamic Oxalacetic transaminase is thermoativated. Its optimum of catalytical activity is at 60ºC. At this temperature, colour is approximately three times more intense than at 37ºC, temperature usually utilized for determination of enzyme activity. This phenomenon is observed in human blood serum and several rat tissues (liver, heart, striated muscle, spleen, lung, kidney and blood serum.

Evaluation of ameliorative potential of supranutritional selenium on enrofloxacin-induced testicular toxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Rungsung, Soya; Khan, Adil Mehraj; Sood, Naresh Kumar; Rampal, Satyavan; Singh Saini, Simrat Pal

2016-05-25

The study was designed to assess the ameliorative potential of selenium (Se) on enrofloxacin-induced testicular toxicity in rats. There was a significant decrease in body weight and non-significant decrease in mean testicular weight of enrofloxacin treated rats. In enrofloxacin treated rats, total sperm count and viability decreased where as sperm abnormalities increased. Testicular histopathology revealed dose dependent dysregulation of spermatogenesis and presence of necrotic debris in seminiferous tubules which was marginally improved with Se. Enrofloxacin also produced a dose dependent decrease in testosterone level. The activity of testicular antioxidant enzymes decreased where as lipid peroxidation increased in a dose-dependent manner. Se supplementation partially restored oxidative stress and sperm damage and did not affect the plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin or ciprofloxacain. The results indicate that enrofloxacin produces a dose-dependent testicular toxicity in rats that is moderately ameliorated with supranutritional Se. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cocaine abuse that presents with acute scrotal pain and mimics testicular torsion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Tadeu Nunes Tamanini

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Report case (s relevant aspects: Man, 27 years old, complaining of acute testicular pain by 2 hours in the remaining left testicle. Denies fever, lower urinary tract symptoms such as dysuria, urinary frequency, concommitant or prior urethral discharge to the painful condition. He underwent right orchiectomy 13 years ago by testicular torsion. He is a chronic user of cocaine for 15 years and during the last three days the drug use was continuous and intense. Proposed premise substantiating case (s description: Initial diagnostic hypothesis: Syndromic: Acute Scrotum Syndrome (SEA Main Etiologic (testicular torsion Secondary Etiologic (acute orchiepididymitis Briefly delineates what might it add? Lines of research That Could be Addressed: In this challenging clinical case we presented an alternative and new etiologic diangosis for the acute scrotum which the main etiologic factor remains testicular torsion. This new diangosis is acute testicular ischemia as a complication of cocaine abuse.

Subfertility and Risk of Testicular Cancer in the EPSAM Case-Control Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Grasso, Chiara; Zugna, Daniela; Fiano, Valentina; Robles Rodriguez, Nena; Maule, Milena; Gillio-Tos, Anna; Ciuffreda, Libero; Lista, Patrizia; Segnan, Nereo; Merletti, Franco; Richiardi, Lorenzo

2016-01-01

It has been suggested that subfertility and testicular cancer share genetic and environmental risk factors. We studied both subfertility and the strongest known testicular cancer susceptibility gene, the c-KIT ligand (KITLG), whose pathway is involved in spermatogenesis. The EPSAM case-control study is comprised of testicular cancer patients from the Province of Turin, Italy, diagnosed between 1997 and 2008. The present analysis included 245 cases and 436 controls from EPSAM, who were aged 20 years or older at diagnosis/recruitment. The EPSAM questionnaire collected information on factors such as number of children, age at first attempt to conceive, duration of attempt to conceive, use of assisted reproduction techniques, physician-assigned diagnosis of infertility, number of siblings, and self-reported cryptorchidism. Genotyping of the KITLG single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs995030 was performed on the saliva samples of 202 cases and 329 controls. Testicular cancer was associated with the number of children fathered 5 years before diagnosis (odds ratio (OR) per additional child: 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58-1.04) and sibship size (OR per additional sibling: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.66-0.88). When considering the reproductive history until 1 year before diagnosis, attempting to conceive for at least 12 months or fathering a child using assisted reproduction techniques was not associated with the risk of testicular cancer, nor was age at first attempt to conceive or physician-assigned diagnosis of infertility. The SNP rs995030 was strongly associated with risk of testicular cancer (per allele OR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.26-2.64), but it did not modify the association between number of children and the risk of testicular cancer. This study supports the repeatedly reported inverse association between number of children and risk of testicular cancer, but it does not find evidence of an association for other indicators of subfertility.

Discovery – Cisplatin and The Treatment of Testicular and Other Cancers

Science.gov (United States)

Prior to the discovery of cisplatin in 1965, men with testicular cancer had few medical options. Now, thanks to NCI research, cisplatin and similar chemotherapy drugs are known for curing testicular and other forms of cancer.

Estabilidade operacional e cinética de hidrólise da lactose pela β-galactosidase de Kluyveromyces fragilis - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v25i1.2244 Operational stability and kinetics of lactose hydrolysis by β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces fragilis - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v25i1.2244

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Flávio Faria de Moraes

2003-04-01

Full Text Available A modelagem cinética da hidrólise da lactose e a estabilidade operacional da enzima β-galactosidase de Kluyveromyces fragilis foi determinada utilizando como substrato leite em pó desengordurado e reconstituído de modo a fornecer duas concentrações de lactose: 5% e 10% (p/v. Para a estabilidade operacional, ambas concentrações de lactose foram estudadas na presença e na ausência de tampão pH 6,5. A cada 40 minutos, foi determinada a atividade residual pelo método das velocidades iniciais. Os resultados experimentais mostraram que o tampão provoca inativação da enzima. Para soluções de lactose em água, a atividade residual decaiu apenas 15% em 6 horas e depois decresceu bruscamente. Na modelagem cinética, a reação de hidrólise foi conduzida a 40ºC/7 h, empregando-se concentrações de enzima equivalentes a 1500 e 8100 LAU/L. O modelo ajustado permitiu concluir que é necessário utilizar a quantidade de 3450 LAU/L da enzima para se obter a hidrólise de 70% a 80% da lactose do leite em duas a três horas de reação.The kinetic modeling of the lactose hydrolysis and the operational stability of the enzyme β-galactosidase of Kluyveromyces fragilis was determined using as substrate skimmed powdered milk, reconstituted in a way to supply two lactose concentrations: 5% and 10% (w/v. For the operational stability both lactose concentrations were studied in the presence and in the absence of the buffer pH 6.5. Every 40 minutes the residual activity was determined by the method of the initial velocities. The experimental results showed that the buffer leads to enzyme inactivation. However, for lactose solutions without buffer, the residual activity only declines 15% in 6 hours and later it decreases abruptly. In the kinetic modeling the hydrolysis reaction was led to 40ºC/7h, being used enzyme concentrations equivalent to 1500 and 8100 LAU/L. The adjusted model allowed us to conclude that it is necessary to use the quantity of

File list: InP.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

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Full Text Available InP.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells mm9 Input control Gonad Testicular somatic... cells SRX591728,SRX591716 http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/InP.Gon.20.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells.bed ...

File list: InP.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

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Full Text Available InP.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells mm9 Input control Gonad Testicular somatic... cells SRX591728,SRX591716 http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/InP.Gon.50.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells.bed ...

Avaliação de métodos para manutenção e preservação de bactéria esporulada produtora da enzima CGTase - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v31i2.6910 Evaluation of methods for maintenance and preservation of sporulating bacteria producer of CGTase enzyme- DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v31i2.6910

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Cristiane Moriwaki

2009-09-01

Full Text Available A conservação de células sem mudanças morfológicas, fisiológicas ou genéticas é uma necessidade da biotecnologia. Bacillus firmus cepa 37 é uma bactéria esporulada produtora da enzima ciclodextrina glicosiltransferase (CGTase, que transforma o amido em ciclodextrinas (CDs. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a manutenção e preservação de B. firmus cepa 37 estocada em meio de cultivo sólido, solo estéril e em glicerol a baixa temperatura (-70ºC. Para avaliação do melhor método de manutenção da bactéria foram utilizados procedimentos de imobilização das células em matrizes inorgânicas. As células imobilizadas foram submetidas ao teste do efeito da biomassa inicial e à microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV. O repique não foi um método adequado, pois a cepa diminuiu a produção de CGTase. A estocagem em solo estéril mostrou-se eficaz e a produção da enzima mantida constante. A conservação a baixas temperaturas também foi satisfatória, com contagem de células praticamente a mesma após 360 dias. A imobilização, avaliada por MEV, não mostrou diferença na adsorção das células conservadas pelos diferentes métodos. O mesmo ocorreu para o teste do efeito da biomassa inicial, que apresentou maior produção de beta-CD quando do uso de 1,5 g de células.The conservation of cells without morphologic, physiologic or genetic changes is a biotechnology necessity. Bacillus firmus strain 37 is a sporulating bacteria that produces the cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase enzyme, which transforms starch into cyclodextrins (CDs. This study aimed to evaluate the maintenance and preservation of B. firmus strain 37 stored in a solid medium, sterile soil and in glycerol at low temperature (-70ºC. In order to evaluate the best bacteria maintenance method, cell immobilization procedures were used on inorganic matrices. The immobilized cells were submitted to the initial biomass effect test and scanning electron

Testicular Descend, How and Why: A Review Article

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Sujan Narayan Agrawal

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Background: The testis develops in the dorsal abdominal wall, and then descends to scrotum. The development begins as early as 6th week of intrauterine life and is completed by fifth month of intrauterine life. The testis may get arrested during its descent from dorsal abdominal wall to scrotum. The anomalies of descent includes cryptorchism (and its variant like anarchism, monarchism or partially descended testis, ectopic testis, persistent processus vaginalis and encysted hydrocoel of spermatic cord etc. Cryptorchism is usually diagnosed during the new born examination. The recognition of this condition, identification of associated syndromes, proper diagnostic evaluation and timely treatment by surgical urologist is important to prevent adverse consequences like sterility, congenital hernia & hydrocoel, testicular carcinoma etc. Objectives: the objective of this review is to study the role of gubernaculum in the testicular migration process. Material & Method: We performed a descriptive review of the literature about the role of the gubernaculum in testicular migration during the human fetal life. This article provides an overview of role of gubernaculum and other factors responsible for gonadal migration. Results: In the first phase of testicular migration the gubernaculum enlarges to hold the testis near groin and in the second phase the gubernaculum migrates across the pubic region to reach the scrotum. The proximal end of gubernaculum is attached to the testis and epididymis. The lower end reaches to bottom of scrotum. A failure in the proper functioning of gubernaculum causes cryptorchism. Rarely male gonads may deviate from main pathway due to presence of many tails of distal gubernaculum, and it may give rise to ectopic testis. The processus vaginalis usually closes by birth. If it remains patent, it leads to congenital hernia, hydrocoel, encysted hydrocoel etc. Conclusion: the gubernaculum presents a significant structure during

Functional testicular evaluation using PET/CT with {sup 18}F-fluorodeoxyglucose

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Dierickx, Lawrence Oliver; Zerdoud, Slimane; Filleron, Thomas; Brillouet, Severine [Institut Claudius Regaud, Service of Nuclear Medicine, Toulouse (France); Huyghe, Eric; Delauney, Boris; Bujan, Louis; Plante, Pierre [CHU Toulouse, Toulouse (France); Nogueira, Daniela; Montagut, Jacques [I.F.R.E.A.R.E.S., Toulouse (France); Courbon, Frederic [Institut Claudius Regaud, Service of Nuclear Medicine, Toulouse (France); CHU Toulouse, Toulouse (France)

2012-01-15

PET/CT using {sup 18}F-FDG is a well-established diagnostic examination in oncology, cardiology and neurology. The clinical significance of nontumoral testicular uptake of FDG is unknown. Functional testicular imaging may have important clinical applications in the diagnosis and prognosis of male infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the andrological value of a FDG PET/CT in analysing testicular function, by correlating the PET/CT data with the sperm parameters. Retrospective analysis of FDG PET/CT in 20 consecutive cancer patients without testicular pathology in whom two semen samples had been obtained for analysis before any chemotherapy. FDG PET/CT parameters were the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), used for measuring the intensity of uptake, and the functional testicular volume (FV). For statistical analysis, a Spearman's rank correlation test and a Mann-Whitney test were used. Of 20 patients (mean age 22 years), 18 had provided two sperm samples for cryopreservation. Sperm concentration was above 20 x 10{sup 6}/ml in 55% of the patients. The intensity of uptake and the FV were correlated with the total sperm count, the sperm concentration and motility (p < 0.05). The difference in SUVmean between the two testes showed an inverse correlation with sperm concentration (p = 0.036). Normospermic and oligospermic men had significant differences in: (1) mean SUVmean, (2) mean FV, and (3) the difference in intensity of uptake between the testes (p < 0.05). This is the first report on the andrological value of FDG PET/CT in analysing nontumoral testicular function. This pilot study showed a significant correlation between intensity of uptake of FDG and testicular FV with the main sperm parameters. PET/CT with FDG could become a useful new tool in assisted reproductive technologies and other andrological or urological applications. (orig.)

Raman spectroscopic analysis identifies testicular microlithiasis as intratubular hydroxyapatite.

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De Jong, B W D; De Gouveia Brazao, C A; Stoop, H; Wolffenbuttel, K P; Oosterhuis, J W; Puppels, G J; Weber, R F A; Looijenga, L H J; Kok, D J

2004-01-01

As diagnosed by ultrasonography, testicular microlithiasis is associated with various benign and malignant conditions. The molecular constitution of these microliths is largely unknown. Raman spectroscopy provides detailed in situ information about the molecular composition of tissues and to our knowledge it has not been applied to gonadal microliths. We analyzed the molecular composition of gonadal microlithiasis and its surrounding region using Raman spectroscopy in malignant and benign conditions. Multiple microliths from 6 independent samples diagnosed with gonadal microlithiasis by ultrasound and histologically confirmed were investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The samples included 4 testicular parenchyma samples adjacent to a germ cell tumor (4 seminomas), a gonadoblastoma of a dysgenetic gonad and testicular biopsy of a subfertile male without malignancy. Raman spectroscopic mapping demonstrated that testicular microliths were located within the seminiferous tubule. Glycogen surrounded all microliths in the samples associated with germ cell neoplasm but not in the benign case. The molecular composition of the 26 microliths in all 6 conditions was pure hydroxyapatite. Microliths in the testis are located in the seminiferous tubules and composed of hydroxyapatite. In cases of germ cell neoplasm they co-localize with glycogen deposits.

Evaluación de la actividad de la enzima citocromo P-450 1A2 en una población colombiana

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Fanny Cuesta González

2000-02-01

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Introducción: La enzima citocromo P450 1A2 (CYP1A2, presente en tejidos hepáticos humanos, participa en el metabolismo de fármacos tales como Clozapina, Imipramina, Teofilina y Cafeína. Estudios realizados en diferentes poblaciones han mostrado una distribución bimodal y a veces trimodal en la actividad de esta enzima. Este comportamiento ha sido relacionado con variaciones tanto del gen codificante como de las regiones reguladoras, aunque hasta el momento los resultados no son concluyentes. Además del metabolismo de fármacos, la CYP1A2 interviene en la activación de sustancias procarcinogénicas tales como N-nitrosaminas, aminas heterocíclicas y aromáticas; es conocida la correlación entre una actividad incrementada de esta enzima (metabolizadores rápidos con una mayor exposición al riesgo de cáncer.

Debido a la baja incidencia de efectos secundarios y la facilidad en la medición de los metabolitos en orina, la Cafeína es utilizada como fármaco prueba para la determinación de la actividad enzimática CYP1A2, calculando la relación entre las concentraciones molares de sus metabolitos (Actividad CYP1A2 = AFMU+MU+MX/17DMU.

En el presente estudio se evaluará la actividad de la enzima CYP1A2 en una muestra de individuos sanos, con el fin de describir su comportamiento y compararlo con el encontrado en otras poblaciones, las cuales tienen una influencia genética y ambiental diferente a la de la población colombiana.

Metodología: Una vez recolectadas las muestras de orina, se separarán de ellas los

Testicular fine-needle aspiration for the assessment of intratesticular hormone concentrations

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Ada P Lee

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Measurement of intratesticular sex steroid concentrations in men informs both the development of male hormonal contraceptives and the understanding of male infertility. Given the challenges of using invasive techniques to measure testicular hormone physiology, our group has used a minimally-invasive fine-needle aspiration technique to measure intratesticular hormones in normal healthy men. Herein, we present a post-hoc analysis of the safety and efficacy of testicular fine-needle aspiration (FNA completed as part of six clinical trials. From 2001 through 2011, a total of 404 procedures were conducted among 163 research volunteers, 85.9% of which were successful in obtaining sufficient fluid for the measurement of intratesticular steroid concentrations. Pain was the most common side effect, with 36.8% of procedures associated with moderate procedural pain and 4.7% with severe procedural pain. Postprocedural pain was uncommon and abated within a few days. Mild local bruising occurred with 14.9% of procedures. Two serious adverse events (0.5% required surgical intervention. The risk of an adverse event was not associated with age, body mass index, testicular size, or the volume of fluid aspirated. Testicular FNA to obtain fluid for measurement of intratesticular steroid concentrations frequently causes mild to moderate procedural pain, but serious adverse events occur rarely. Testicular FNA has been instrumental for defining human intratesticular hormone physiology and is a minimally-invasive, safe, effective method for obtaining fluid for research on testicular physiology and pathology.

File list: InP.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells [Chip-atlas[Archive

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Full Text Available InP.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells mm9 Input control Gonad Testicular somati...c cells SRX591728,SRX591716 http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/InP.Gon.10.AllAg.Testicular_somatic_cells.bed ...

A unique case of bifid left testicular artery having its anomalous high origin from renal artery

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Ashwini P Aithal

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The testicular arteries are known to originate from the ventrolateral aspect of the abdominal aorta and descend obliquely to the pelvic cavity and supply the testis. An anatomical description of an uncommon variation of the left testicular artery is presented in this case report, highlighting its clinical implications. During routine dissection of a male cadaver, we found that the left testicular artery was bifid and it was arising from the left renal artery. After its origin, it then coursed behind the left renal vein, passed between the left testicular vein and left ureter and at the lower pole of the left kidney, this bifid testicular artery joined to form a single testicular artery which thereafter presented a normal course. Anatomy of the testicular artery has been studied in detail because of its importance in testicular physiology, as well as its significance in testicular and renal surgery. This vascular variation shows a major significance in renal surgery, partial or total nephrectomy, and renal transplant. In addition, this anatomical variation enhances the importance of arteriography or the Doppler ultrasound examination of the renal hilum before surgeries.

Testicular parenchymal abnormalities in Klinefelter syndrome: a question of cancer? Examination of 40 consecutive patients

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Giacomo Accardo

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Klinefelter syndrome (KS is a hypergonadotropic hypogonadism characterized by a 47, XXY karyotype. The risk of testicular cancer in KS is of interest in relation to theories about testicular cancer etiology generally; nevertheless it seems to be low. We evaluated the need for imaging and serum tumor markers for testicular cancer screening in KS. Participants were 40 consecutive KS patients, enrolled from December 2009 to January 2013. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP, and beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin subunit (β-HCG serum levels assays and testicular ultrasound (US with color Doppler, were carried out at study entry, after 6 months and every year for 3 years. Abdominal magnetic resonance (MR was performed in KS when testicular US showed micro-calcifications, testicular nodules and cysts. Nearly 62% of the KS had regular testicular echotexture, 37.5% showed an irregular echotexture and 17.5% had micro-calcifications and cysts. Eighty seven percent of KS had a regular vascular pattern, 12.5% varicocele, 12.5% nodules 1 cm. MR ruled out the diagnosis of cancer in all KS with testicular micro calcifications, nodules and cysts. No significant variations in LDH, AFP, and β-HCG levels and in US pattern have been detected during follow-up. We compared serum tumor markers and US pattern between KS with and without cryptorchidism and no statistical differences were found. We did not find testicular cancer in KS, and testicular US, tumor markers and MR were, in selected cases, useful tools for correctly discriminating benign from malignant lesions.

Corporal and testicular biometry in wild boar from birth to 12 months of age

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Danillo Velloso Ferreira Murta

2013-02-01

Full Text Available The aim of this tudy was to evaluate corporal and testicular development in wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa from birth to 12 months of age, evaluating body weight, biometric testicular parameters, and gonadosomatic index. Thirty-nine male wild boars from a commercial farm licensed by IBAMA were used in the study. The animals were weighed and assigned to 13 experimental groups. The testes were recovered through unilateral orchiectomy, weighed on an analytical balance and measured for length, width and thickness. Body weight and testicular measures increased with the age, up to 12 months, and were more accelerated in the first and ninth months. Initially the testicular growth pattern, between zero and nine months, followed the body growth, and the gonadosomatic index varied from 0.07 to 0.09%. Between 9 and 11 months, the testicular growth was superior to the body growth, and the gonadosomatic index varied from 0.09 to 0.16%. Finally, after 11 months of age, testicular and body growth had a similar behavior. In conclusion, body weight, testicular biometry, and gonadosomatic index development accelerated in the ninth month.

Efeito de enzimas de maceração na textura do palmito (Euterpe edulis Mart Influence of cellulase, pectinase and hemicellulase on the texture of hearts of palm (Euterpe edulis Mart.

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Regina Kitagawa GRIZOTTO

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Com a finalidade de ampliar o aproveitamento da palmeira produtora do palmito estudou-se a influência da poligalacturonase e de enzimas maceradoras na textura das partes semi-rígidas do vegetal não-comestíveis, incubando-se preparados comerciais de celulase, hemicelulase e poligalacturonase com o palmito preparado na forma de pequenos toletes (1-3 cm de comprimento e em porções de 2cm do raquis do vegetal. Embora os tratamentos com hemicelulase e mistura de hemicelulase e poligalacturonase tenham promovido ligeiro amaciamento do palmito, os resultados mostraram ,de modo geral, acréscimo na textura do palmito cortado em porções de 3,0 cm e em fatias de 1,0 cm indicando solubilização intensa das regiões suscetíveis a hidrólise com a permanência das regiões duras mais ricas em lignina. Como nos outros tecidos do palmito, no raquis fibroso, não foi comprovada estatiscamente a ação das enzimas na textura do vegetal.With the aim of amplifying the utilization of the palm tree the influence of poligalacturonase and macerating enzymes on the texture of the hard tips of hearts of palm was studied, incubating commercial preparations of cellulase , hemicellulase and poligalacturonase with the hearts of palm, prepared as small stalks of 1-3 cm length and with 2 cm portions of the rachis of the plant. Although the treatments containing hemicellulase and a mixture of hemicellulase and poligalacturonase promoted a slight softening of the hearts of palm, the results generally showed a hardening of the texture of the hearts of palm prepared as stalks of 1 to 3 cm indicating great solubilization of the parts susceptible to hydrolysis, the hard lignin rich parts remaining intact. As in the other tissue of the plant, in the rachis of the fibrous hearts of palm, the action of the enzymes was not statiscally proven.

Occurrence of testicular microlithiasis in androgen insensitive hypogonadal mice

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De Gendt Karl

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Testicular microliths are calcifications found within the seminiferous tubules. In humans, testicular microlithiasis (TM has an unknown etiology but may be significantly associated with testicular germ cell tumors. Factors inducing microlith development may also, therefore, act as susceptibility factors for malignant testicular conditions. Studies to identify the mechanisms of microlith development have been hampered by the lack of suitable animal models for TM. Methods This was an observational study of the testicular phenotype of different mouse models. The mouse models were: cryptorchid mice, mice lacking androgen receptors (ARs on the Sertoli cells (SCARKO, mice with a ubiquitous loss of androgen ARs (ARKO, hypogonadal (hpg mice which lack circulating gonadotrophins, and hpg mice crossed with SCARKO (hpg.SCARKO and ARKO (hpg.ARKO mice. Results Microscopic TM was seen in 94% of hpg.ARKO mice (n = 16 and the mean number of microliths per testis was 81 +/- 54. Occasional small microliths were seen in 36% (n = 11 of hpg testes (mean 2 +/- 0.5 per testis and 30% (n = 10 of hpg.SCARKO testes (mean 8 +/- 6 per testis. No microliths were seen in cryptorchid, ARKO or SCARKO mice. There was no significant effect of FSH or androgen on TM in hpg.ARKO mice. Conclusion We have identified a mouse model of TM and show that lack of endocrine stimulation is a cause of TM. Importantly, this model will provide a means with which to identify the mechanisms of TM development and the underlying changes in protein and gene expression.

Análise sérica das enzimas aspartato aminotransferase, alanina aminotransferase e gama glutamiltranspeptidase de coelhos adultos tratados com extrato bruto de própolis

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J. N. Ribeiro

2009-01-01

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Diversos trabalhos têm atribuído a própolis inúmeras propriedades farmacológicas, dentre elas podemos citar, como exemplo, efeitos antibacteriano, antiviral, antiinflamatório, regenerador do tecido cartilaginoso, inibidor da formação de radicais livres e redutor de níveis sangüíneo de glicose e triacilglicerol. Alguns efeitos colaterais são atribuídos à própolis principalmente em doses elevadas. Muitos efeitos tóxicos da própolis são atribuídos ao álcool etílico presente no extrato.Dentre alguns efeitos tóxicos citados em literatura como realmente da própolis temos a dermatite e o aumento da uréia sangüínea. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar se o extrato bruto de própolis ocasiona algum efeito adverso nos níveis séricos de alanina aminotransferase, aspartato aminotransferase e gama – glutamiltranspeptidase de coelhos saudáveis. O experimento teve 30 dias de duração, sendo as dosagens dos constituintes do sangue (alanina aminotransferase, aspartato aminotransferase e gama – glutamiltranspeptidase realizadas a 0, 15 e 30 dias. Os resultados indicaram que, de o extrato bruto de própolis na forma testadea, não ocasionou alteração relevante nos níveis séricos das enzimas marcadoras de metabolismo hepático. Palavras-chave: Própolis, alanina aminotransferase, aspartato aminotransferase, gama glutamiltranpeptidase, toxicologia.

Escores de cloaca e de crista e morfometria testicular em galos de matriz pesada com 71 semanas de idade e três categorias de peso corporal

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C.A. Rezende

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Em galos de matriz pesada, o peso dos testículos se associa positivamente com a produção diária de espermatozoides e com a fertilidade. Contudo, os testículos de aves se localizam na cavidade abdominal, não sendo acessíveis para exame andrológico como os testículos de mamíferos. A avaliação reprodutiva de galos de matriz pesada é subjetiva e se baseia em características como peso corporal (PC, qualidade de pés e pernas e morfologia de cloaca e crista. Estudos que validem o potencial de associação dessas características fenotípicas com parâmetros da morfometria testicular são raros, principalmente quando se consideram galos de matriz pesada manejados em lotes comerciais. Escores de cloaca e de crista e parâmetros da morfometria testicular foram avaliados em galos Cobb 500 Slow adultos das categorias de PC leve (<4,300kg, médio (entre 4,300 e 5,250kg e pesado (≥5,250kg. O coeficiente de variação para PC foi de 12%. Os galos da categoria de PC pesado apresentaram testículos mais pesados e maiores escores de cloaca e de crista do que os galos da categoria de PC leve. Não houve diferença estatística entre as categorias de PC, considerando-se índice gonadossomático, porcentagens de túbulo seminífero e de tecido intersticial, diâmetro de túbulo seminífero e altura de epitélio seminífero. Correlação positiva, moderada e significativa foi observada entre peso de testículo e características de PC, escores de cloaca e de crista, diâmetro de túbulo seminífero e altura de epitélio seminífero. Um dos seis galos da categoria de PC leve avaliados quanto à histologia de testículo apresentou atrofia testicular. Em galos Cobb 500 Slow, conclui-se que o PC influencia o peso e a qualidade histológica de testículos e que os escores de cloaca e de crista podem ser utilizados com potencial moderado de predição para identificar galos com baixo peso de testículos.

Características testiculares de touros imunizados com vacina anti-hormônio liberador do hormônio luteinizante Testicular characteristics of bulls immunosterilized with anti-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone vaccine

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Ricardo Zanella

2009-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ação imunoesterilizadora de uma vacina anti-hormônio liberador de hormônio luteinizante (LHRH, composta por ovalbumina-LHRH-7 e tiorredoxina-LHRH-7, em touros mestiços Nelore. Vinte e seis touros, com dois anos de idade, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos de 13 animais. No grupo I, os animais receberam uma dose e dois reforços da vacina nos dias 0, 141, e 287 do experimento. No grupo II, os animais não receberam nenhum tratamento (controle. Para avaliar o efeito da vacina nos touros, foi realizada a mensuração da circunferência escrotal no início do experimento e no dia do abate, 741 dias depois. Por ocasião do abate, também foi coletada uma amostra dos testículos para avaliação histológica. O grupo imunizado apresentou circunferência escrotal ao abate de 22±5,98 cm, menor do que a do grupo controle que foi de 35,6±2,4 cm. Na análise histológica dos animais do grupo imunizado, foi observada degeneração testicular com ausência de espermatozoides em 85% dos animais avaliados, os outros 15% apresentaram redução no número de espermatozoides, em comparação aos animais do grupo controle. A vacina anti-LHRH, com fusão de proteínas, é efetiva na castração imunológica de touros e deve ser considerada como alternativa para utilização na produção bovina extensiva no Brasil.The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunosterilization action of the anti-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH vaccine, composed with ovalbumin-LHRH-7 and thioredoxin-LHRH-7, in Nelore-cross bulls. Twenty-six 2-year old bulls were randomly assigned in two groups of 13 animals each. The animals of group I received a primary and two booster injections of the vaccine on days 0, 141, and 287 of the experiment. In group II, the control group, the bulls did not receive any type of treatment. Scrotal circumference was measured in the beginning of the experiment and at slaughter

Testicular artery arising from an aberrant right renal artery | Suluba ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This case report we discovered the rare variation of the origin of the right testicular artery arising from the right aberrant renal artery with double renal artery irrigating both left and right kidneys. These variations in the testicular arteries and renal arteries have implication to surgical procedures such as orchidopexy repair for ...

Resistance to ACCase inhibitors in Eleusine indica from Brazil involves a target site mutation Resistência aos inibidores de ACCase em Eleusine indica do Brasil envolve uma mutação na enzima alvo

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M.D. Osuna

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Eleusine indica (goosegrass is a diploid grass weed which has developed resistance to ACCase inhibitors during the last ten years due to the intensive and frequent use of sethoxydim to control grass weeds in soybean crops in Brazil. Plant dose-response assays confirmed the resistant behaviour of one biotype obtaining high resistance factor values: 143 (fenoxaprop, 126 (haloxyfop, 84 (sethoxydim to 58 (fluazifop. ACCase in vitro assays indicated a target site resistance as the main cause of reduced susceptibility to ACCase inhibitors. PCR-generated fragments of the ACCase CT domain of the resistant and sensitive reference biotype were sequenced and compared. A point mutation was detected within the triplet of aspartate at the amino acid position 2078 (referred to EMBL accession no. AJ310767 and resulted in the triplet of glycine. These results constitute the first report on a target site mutation for a Brazilian herbicide resistant grass weed.Eleusine indica (ELEIN é uma espécie monocotiledônea, diploide. No Brasil, ela desenvolveu resistência aos inibidores da ACCase durante os últimos dez anos, devido ao uso intensivo e frequente desses graminicidas para controlar plantas daninhas em lavouras de soja. Experimentos de dose-resposta realizados com a planta confirmaram a resistência de um biótipo. Houve elevada tolerância aos herbicidas, com fatores de resistência da ordem de 143 (fenoxaprop, 126 (haloxyfop, 84 (sethoxydim e 58 (fluazifop. Ensaios com a enzima ACCase in vitro indicaram a insensibilidade desta como a principal causa de suscetibilidade reduzida a esses herbicidas. Fragmentos de PCR gerados do domínio CT da enzima ACCase dos biótipos resistente e sensível de referência foram sequenciados e comparados. Foi detectada uma mutação dentro do tripleto de asparagina na posição do aminoácido 2078 (referente ao acesso número AJ310767 no EMBL, que resultou no tripleto de glicina. Esses resultados constituem o primeiro caso

Syndromic aspects of testicular carcinoma

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lutke-Holzik, MF; Sijmons, RH; Sleijfer, DT; Sonneveld, DJA; Hoekstra-Weebers, JEHM; van Echten-Arends, J; Hoekstra, HJ

2003-01-01

BACKGROUND. In patients with hereditary or constitutional chromosomal anomalies, testicular carcinoma can develop sporadically or on the basis of an underlying hereditary genetic defect. Greater knowledge of these genetic defects would provide more insight into the molecular pathways that lead to

Two males with SRY-positive 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development.

Science.gov (United States)

Gunes, Sezgin; Asci, Ramazan; Okten, Gülsen; Atac, Fatih; Onat, Onur E; Ogur, Gonul; Aydin, Oguz; Ozcelik, Tayfun; Bagci, Hasan

2013-02-01

The 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development (46,XX testicular DSD) is a rare phenotype associated with disorder of the sex chromosomes. We describe the clinical, molecular, and cytogenetic findings of a 16- and a 30-year-old male patient with sex-determining region Y (SRY)-positive 46,XX testicular DSD. Chromosomal analysis revealed 46,XX karyotype. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed the SRY region translocated to the short arm of the X chromosome. The presence of the SRY gene was also confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The X chromosome inactivation (XCI) assay showed that both patients have a random pattern of X chromosome inactivation. This report compares the symptoms and features of the SRY-positive 46,XX testicular DSD patients.

Phytase enzyme in diets containing defatted rice bran for growing swine Enzima fitase dietas com farelo de arroz desengordurado para suínos em crescimento

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José Aparecido Moreira

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Organic phosphorus is poorly utilized by monogastric animals because they lack phytase, the enzyme that cleaves the ortho-phosphate groups from the phytate molecule. Diets fed to pigs are supplemented with inorganic P, and this can increase environmental pollution and diet costs. Sixty mixed sex, half-breed pigs, were used to evaluate the effect of increasing dietary levels of phytase (253, 759, 1265 and 1748 PU kg-1 feed on animal performance as compared to a control without phytase but supplemented with dicalcium phosphate. Enzyme levels did not affect daily feed intake, food conversion, average daily weight gain, plasma P and Ca, calcium and phosphorus in bone ash, and the calcium/phosphorus ratio in the plasma and bones. A quadratic relationship between phytase levels and the percentages of P and Ca in bone ash was observed, reaching a maximum at the 880 and 879 PU levels, respectively. Animals fed diets containing phytase presented low plasma P values when compared to the control, but no effects were observed for the regression analysis. Using 759 PU phytase in rations containing corn, soybean bran and defatted rice bran for growing pigs can eliminate the use of traditional sources of P.Os animais monogástricos não aproveitam eficientemente o P orgânico das dietas, pois não sintetizam a enzima fitase, sendo necessária a suplementação das rações com P inorgânico, podendo elevar o custo das dietas e a poluição ambiental. Foram utilizados 60 leitões mestiços (machos castrados e fêmeas para avaliar a eficácia dos níveis dietéticos crescentes da enzima fitase (253, 759, 1265 e 1748 UF kg-1 de ração sobre os parâmetros de desempenho e comparar com o tratamento testemunha que diferia dos demais por não conter fitase e por conter fosfato bicálcico. Os níveis da enzima fitase não afetaram o consumo diário de ração, conversão alimentar, ganho diário de peso, P e Ca no plasma, cinzas no osso e relação cálcio e f

Atividade da 6-fosfogliconato desidrogenase em deficientes de glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase Activity of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

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Daniela B. Nicolielo

2006-06-01

Full Text Available As enzimas G6PD e 6PGD são responsáveis pela geração do aporte de NADPH, necessário para a detoxificação dos agentes oxidantes produzidos pelo estresse oxidativo metabólico nos eritrócitos. Devido à alta prevalência de deficiência de G6PD na população mundial, principalmente de origem negróide africana, muitos estudos têm sido realizados na tentativa de conhecer melhor a atuação destas enzimas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade enzimática da 6PGD, nos deficientes de G6PD, para verificar a existência de aumento da atividade desta enzima, correlacionando com um possível aumento do número de reticulócitos ou presença de alterações da série vermelha. A pesquisa em 2.657 indivíduos do sexo masculino resultou em 97 deficientes de G6PD, determinando uma prevalência de 3,65% para a região de Bauru (SP, com atividade enzimática média de G6PD de 1,74 UI.g Hb-1. min-1 a 37ºC, 14,4% da atividade da G6PD normal. A atividade enzimática média da 6PGD foi de 9,5 UI.g Hb-1. min-1 a 37ºC, estando aumentada em 47,4% dos deficientes de G6PD. Os resultados não confirmaram que a hipótese do aumento da atividade enzimática da 6PGD, em deficientes de G6PD, seja decorrente da presença de um número aumentado de reticulócitos na corrente circulatória, faixa etária ou alterações eritrocitométricas que denotem anemia. O mais provável é que a hemólise autolimitada, imposta pelos processos oxidativos, preserve os eritrócitos mais jovens, que possuem atividade enzimática mais elevada, uma vez que naturalmente ocorre diminuição da atividade destas enzimas com o envelhecimento celular.The G6PD and 6PGD enzymes are responsible for the generation of NADPH supply necessary for the detoxification of the oxidant agents produced during the oxidative metabolic stress on erythrocytes. Due to the high prevalence of the deficiency of G6PD on world population, especially on Afro descents, many studies have been done trying

Neonatal outcome and congenital malformations in children born after ICSI with testicular or epididymal sperm

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fedder, Jens; Loft, A; Parner, Erik Thorlund

2013-01-01

STUDY QUESTION: Does neonatal outcome including congenital malformations in children born after ICSI with epididymal and testicular sperm [testicular sperm extraction (TESE)/percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA)/testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) (TPT)] differ from neonatal outcome in c...

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF METACHRONOUS TESTICULAR CANCER: A CLINICAL CASE

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A. S. Kalpinsky

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The incidence of bilateral testicular cancer is 5% in the total cohort of patients. Synchronous and metachronous testicular cancers are detected in 1-2 and 3% of cases, respectively. The standard treatment for testicular cancer is orchifuniculectomy and that for synchronous or metachronous cancer is organ-saving treatment, testectomy.The paper describes a clinical case of multiple primary metachronous testicular cancer. A 24-year-old patient underwent surgery (orchifuniculectomy and received 4 courses of BEP polychemotherapy for embryonal carcinoma of the left testicle at the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute. After 55 months, a dynamic control examination diagnosed a 9-mm tumor in his single right testis that was thereafter resected. Its histological examination revealed embryonal carcinoma with solitary structures in the immature teratoma. Following 22 months, a control examination showed a recurrence of the disease, for which orchifuniculectomy of the single right testis, followed by hormone replacement therapy, was performed. The follow-up period was 80 months; no recurrence is now observed.

Testicular descent: INSL3, testosterone, genes and the intrauterine milieu.

Science.gov (United States)

Bay, Katrine; Main, Katharina M; Toppari, Jorma; Skakkebæk, Niels E

2011-04-01

Complete testicular descent is a sign of, and a prerequisite for, normal testicular function in adult life. The process of testis descent is dependent on gubernacular growth and reorganization, which is regulated by the Leydig cell hormones insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) and testosterone. Investigation of the role of INSL3 and its receptor, relaxin-family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2), has contributed substantially to our understanding of the hormonal control of testicular descent. Cryptorchidism is a common congenital malformation, which is seen in 2-9% of newborn boys, and confers an increased risk of infertility and testicular cancer in adulthood. Although some cases of isolated cryptorchidism in humans can be ascribed to known genetic defects, such as mutations in INSL3 or RXFP2, the cause of cryptorchidism remains unknown in most patients. Several animal and human studies are currently underway to test the hypothesis that in utero factors, including environmental and maternal lifestyle factors, may be involved in the etiology of cryptorchidism. Overall, the etiology of isolated cryptorchidism seems to be complex and multifactorial, involving both genetic and nongenetic components.

Endocrinological aspects in the therapy of testicular affections in children suffering from acute leukemias

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doerffel, W.; Grulich, M.; Liedtke, B.

1990-01-01

Orchidectomy or testicular irradiation with 24 to 30 Gy are recommended for testicular involvement in boys with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. But, recommended radiation doses for the only occulty involved other testis differ, i.e. they range from 12 to 24 Gy. Low dose (12 or 15 Gy) 'preventive' testicular irradiation was delivered to 5 of 14 patients; only one of these 5 experienced a further testicular relapse. According to our observation, in contrast to higher doses, the dose limitation allows spontaneous pubertal development including normal testosteron production and normal development of the masculine stature. (author)

Testicular Growth During Puberty in Boys With and Without a History of Congenital Cryptorchidism

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sadov, Sergey; Koskenniemi, Jaakko J; Virtanen, Helena E

2016-01-01

CONTEXT: The pattern of testicular growth during puberty may provide important information about early testicular damage and reproductive potential in adulthood. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pubertal testicular growth in boys with congenital cryptorchidism and controls. DESIGN: Longitudinal case...... mL by orchidometer and 25 mm by ruler as cut-offs in definition of the onset of puberty. An orchidometer size of 3 mL and ruler length of 25 mm corresponded to 1.6 and 1.7 mL by ultrasound (with Lambert's formula), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Testicular growth in puberty was impaired in congenitally...

Drugs Approved for Testicular Cancer

Science.gov (United States)

This page lists cancer drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for testicular cancer. The list includes generic names, brand names, and common drug combinations, which are shown in capital letters. The drug names link to NCI's Cancer Drug Information summaries.

From gonocytes to testicular cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rajpert-de Meyts, Ewa; Hoei-Hansen, Christina E

2007-01-01

. The most severe cases are a result of inherited genetic aberrations, but the etiology of the common sporadic testicular cancer must involve environmental factors, including maternal lifestyle and possibly an early exposure to endocrine disruptors. The effects of environmental factors are likely modulated...

Testicular Cancer Risk Prediction Models

Science.gov (United States)

Developing statistical models that estimate the probability of testicular cervical cancer over a defined period of time will help clinicians identify individuals at higher risk of specific cancers, allowing for earlier or more frequent screening and counseling of behavioral changes to decrease risk.

Uso da bioinformática na diferenciação molecular da Entamoeba histolytica e Entamoeba díspar - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v30i2.2375 Molecular discrimination of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar by bioinformatics resources - DOI: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v30i2.2375

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Débora Sommer

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Amebíase invasiva, causada por Entamoeba histolytica, é microscopicamente indistinguível da espécie não-patogênica Entamoeba dispar. Com auxílio de ferramentas de bioinformática, objetivou-se diferenciar Entamoeba histolytica e Entamoeba dispar por técnicas moleculares. A análise foi realizada a partir do banco de dados da National Center for Biotechnology Information; pela pesquisa de similaridade de sequências, elegeu-se o gene da cisteína sintase. Um par de primer foi desenhado (programa Web Primer e foi selecionada a enzima de restrição TaqI (programa Web Cutter. Após a atuação da enzima, o fragmento foi dividido em dois, um com 255 pb e outro com 554 pb, padrão característico da E. histolytica. Na ausência de corte, o fragmento apresentou o tamanho de 809 pb, referente à E. dispar.Under microscopic conditions, the invasive Entamoeba histolytica is indistinguishable from the non-pathogenic species Entamoeba dispar. In this way, the present study was carried out to determine a molecular strategy for discriminating both species by the mechanisms of bioinformatics. The gene cysteine synthetase was considered for such a purpose by using the resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information data bank in the search for similarities in the gene sequence. In this way, a primer pair was designed by the Web Primer program and the restriction enzyme TaqI was selected by the Web Cutter software program. The DNA fragment had a size of 809 bp before cutting, which is consistent with E. dispar. The gene fragment was partitioned in a first fragment with 255 bp and a second one with 554 bp, which is similar to the genetic characteristics of E. histolytica.

Risk and prognostic significance of metachronous contralateral testicular germ cell tumours

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schaapveld, M.; van den Belt-Dusebout, A. W.; Gietema, J. A.; de Wit, R.; Horenblas, S.; Witjes, J. A.; Hoekstra, H. J.; Kiemeney, L. A. L. M.; Louwman, W. J.; Ouwens, G. M.; Aleman, B. M. P.; van Leeuwen, F. E.

2012-01-01

BACKGROUND: Testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) patients are at increased risk of developing a contralateral testicular germ cell tumour (CTGCT). It is unclear whether TGCT treatment affects CTGCT risk. METHODS: The risk of developing a metachronous CTGCT (a CTGCT diagnosed >= 6 months after a

Experimentally induced testicular dysgenesis syndrome originates in the masculinization programming window

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

van den Driesche, Sander; Kilcoyne, Karen R.; Wagner, Ida Wagner

2017-01-01

and after the MPW, but only DBP exposure in the MPW causes reduced AGD, focal testicular dysgenesis, and TDS disorders (cryptorchidism, hypospadias, reduced adult testis size, and compensated adult Leydig cell failure). Focal testicular dysgenesis, reduced size of adult male reproductive organs, and TDS...

Maternal smoking and testicular germ cell tumors.

Science.gov (United States)

McGlynn, Katherine A; Zhang, Yawei; Sakoda, Lori C; Rubertone, Mark V; Erickson, Ralph L; Graubard, Barry I

2006-10-01

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most common cancer among men ages 15 to 35 years in the United States. The well-established TGCT risk factors cryptorchism, prior diagnosis of TGCT, and family history of testicular cancer indicate that exposures in early life and/or in the familial setting may be critical to determining risk. Previous reports of familial clustering of lung cancer in mothers and testicular cancers in sons suggest that passive smoking in childhood may be such an exposure. To clarify the relationship of passive smoking exposure to TGCT risk, data from 754 cases and 928 controls enrolled in the Servicemen's Testicular Tumor Environmental and Endocrine Determinants study were analyzed. Data from 1,086 mothers of the cases and controls were also examined. Overall, there was no relationship between maternal [odds ratio (OR), 1.1; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.9-1.3] or paternal smoking (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.8-1.3) and TGCT risk. Although living with a non-parent smoker was marginally related to risk (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0-2.1), there was no relationship with number of smokers, amount smoked, or duration of smoking. Responses from both case-control participants and mothers also revealed no relationship between either maternal smoking while pregnant or while breast-feeding. Results did not differ by TGCT histology (seminoma, non-seminoma). These results do not support the hypothesis that passive smoking, either in utero or in childhood, is related to risk of TGCT. Other early life exposures, however, may explain the familial clustering of lung cancer in mothers and TGCT in sons.

INFECÇÃO EXPERIMENTAL DE BEZERROS COM RECOMBINANTES DO HERPESVÍRUS BOVINO TIPO 5 COM DELEÇÕES NOS GENES DA GLICOPROTEÍNA E, TIMIDINA QUINASE E AMBOS

OpenAIRE

Cyndia Mara Bezerra dos Santos

2010-01-01

O herpesvírus bovino tipo 5 (BoHV-5) é o agente de doença neurológica grave em bovinos. A utilização de vacinas recombinantes tem sido preconizada para o controle da infecção pelo BoHV-5. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar a patogenia, em bezerros, de três recombinantes do BoHV-5, com deleções nos genes da glicoproteína E (BoHV-5gEΔ), da enzima timidina quinase (BoHV-5TKΔ) ou ambos (BoHV-5gETKΔ) para uso potencial em vacinas. Para isso, quatro grupos de bezerros com...

Screening for Y microdeletions in men with testicular cancer and undescended testis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bor, Pinar; Hindkjaer, Johnny; Kølvraa, Steen

2006-01-01

PURPOSE: To investigate a possible association between testicular cancer or undescended testis and Y microdeletions. METHODS: It was designed as a retrospective clinical study. A total of 225 men with testicular cancer or undescended testis were included to study. Fertile men (n = 200) were...... cases showed a single STS missing of marker sY153 and sY139 in testicular cancer (6/185) and undescended testis (1/40) patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Since no contiguous, real Y microdeletions were found in the study population, it seems that Y microdeletions are not a likely common etiological...... cause of poor spermatogenesis in testicular cancer and undescended testis. However, it remains to be determined whether men having a single STS missing have a risk of developing testis cancer or having undescended testis....

Cryopreservation of canine ovarian and testicular fibroblasts.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Il-Jeoung; Leibo, S P; Songsasen, Nucharin; Dresser, Betsy L; Kim, In-Shik

2009-01-01

To derive a practical procedure to store canine somatic cells, fibroblasts isolated from testicular or ovarian tissues were cryopreserved in 1.2 M ethylene glycol or in 1.2 M dimethylsulfoxide prepared in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium as cryoprotectants, and were frozen either in plastic straws or vials. Thawed cells were cultured for 24 hr at 38.5 degree C in a humidified atmosphere of 5 percent CO2 95 percent air, and then their membrane integrity was assayed with a double fluorescent stain, Fertilight. In addition, frozen-thawed fibroblasts were cultured for 4 days, and then their functional survival was measured after staining small colonies with trypan blue. After freezing and thawing, membrane integrity of testicular fibroblasts was 55-70 percent and functional survival ranged from 20-40 percent. With frozen-thawed ovarian cells, the average membrane integrity was 55-75 percent and the average functional survival was 35-40 percent. When frozen in ethylene glycol, functional survival of ovarian fibroblasts was significantly higher than that of testicular cells (P less than 0.05). These methods should prove useful to preserve cells collected from canids in the wild.

Testicular Histomorphometric Evaluation of Zebu Bull Breeds

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Paulo Antônio Terrabuio Andreussi

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantitative histology and testicular biometrics in zebu bulls of different breeds. Testicular fragments of Nelore (n=10, Polled Nelore (n=6, Gir (n=5, Guzerat (n=5 and Tabapuã bulls (n=5 were used. The fragments were perfusion-fixed in Karnovsky solution, embedded in glycol methacrylate and stained with toluidine blue-1% sodium borate. The Nelore animals had a higher tubular volumetric proportion (85.2% and greater height of the seminiferous epithelium (73.2 µm than the Gir, Guzerat and Tabapuã breeds. The Nelore animals also had a higher volumetric proportion of Leydig cells (5.2% than the Guzerat and Tabapuã breeds. There was no significant difference for any of these parameters between the Nelore and Polled Nelore breeds. The gonadosomatic index, seminiferous tubule diameter, cross-sectional area of the seminiferous tubule and tubule length (total length and length per gram of testicular parenchyma did not vary among the breeds studied. The morphometric parameters evaluated suggested that the genetic selection applied to the Nelore and Polled Nelore breeds improved the efficiency of spermatogenesis in these breeders.

A survey of etiologic hypotheses among testicular cancer researchers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stang, A; Trabert, B; Rusner, C

2015-01-01

Basic research results can provide new ideas and hypotheses to be examined in epidemiological studies. We conducted a survey among testicular cancer researchers on hypotheses concerning the etiology of this malignancy. All researchers on the mailing list of Copenhagen Testis Cancer Workshops...... and corresponding authors of PubMed-indexed articles identified by the search term 'testicular cancer' and published within 10 years (in total 2750 recipients) were invited to respond to an e-mail-based survey. Participants of the 8th Copenhagen Testis Cancer Workshop in May 2014 were subsequently asked to rate...... that scored as most plausible. We also present plans for improving the survey that may be repeated at a next international meeting of experts in testicular cancer. Overall 52 of 99 (53%) registered participants of the 8th Copenhagen Testis Cancer Workshop submitted the plausibility rating form. Fourteen of 27...

Parâmetros anátomo-estruturais de orgãos reprodutivos de ovinos sem raça definida (SRD nativos do Estado da Paraíba, com e sem bipartição escrotal: estudo do escroto e funículo espermático

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Mikael L.D.L. Tolentino

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Foram utilizados 42 ovinos sem raça definida, divididos segundo a configuração escrotal. Destes animais, 12 foram utilizados na investigação da biometria testicular e histologia da pele escrotal. Os demais foram destinados ao estudo do funículo espermático. Os animais foram agrupados em um grupo de 21 animais sem bipartição escrotal (GEI e 21 com bipartição escrotal, (GEII, esta não atingindo 50% do comprimento do eixo longitudinal do escroto. Em cada grupo, em 6 animais foram coletados fragmentos da pele do escroto e em 5 do funículo espermáticos, e processados em rotina histológica e analisados em microscopia de luz; e em 10 foram injetados látex na artéria testicular para obtenção de moldes vasculares e obtenção do comprimento da artéria. Quando comparados os grupos GEI e GEII, não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas significativas (p<0,05 entre a espessura do escroto (epiderme e derme, constituição histológica da pele escrotal, número de glândulas sudoríparas por área, comprimento do funículo espermático ou parâmetros biométricos testiculares. Entretanto, o comprimento total das artérias testiculares do GEI foi maior do que o GEII (p<0,05. Concluiu-se, com base nos parâmetros morfológicos analisados, que a bipartição escrotal em ovinos não influenciou na estrutura da pele, funículo ou biometria testicular quando comparado aos animais que não apresentavam esta característica. Outros estudos merecem atenção para desmistificar o porquê do aparecimento dessa característica em ovinos e se esta característica é ou não desejável para melhoria na produção desses animais em regiões de clima quente.

Crossed testicular ectopia: Report of six cases | Akın | African ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... anomaly characterised by migration of one testis towards the opposite inguinal canal, usually associated with unilateral inguinal hernia. This report describes six cases of crossed ectopic testes, one of the largest series, and with unusual clinical histories. Key words: Crossed testicular ectopia, transverse testicular ectopia, ...

Rare presentation of a testicular angiofibroma treated with testis sparing surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Leone, Luca; Fulvi, Paola; Sbrollini, Giulia; Filosa, Alessandra; Caraceni, Enrico; Marronaro, Angelo; Galosi, Andrea B

2016-12-30

Testicular benign tumors are very rare (< 5%). Testicular Angiofibroma (AF) is one of those, however the gold standard of treatment and follow-up is still unclear. A 47 years-old man with only one functioning testis was referred to our clinic for a palpable right testicular mass and atrophic contralateral testis. Patient underwent testis-sparing surgery with inguinal approach and intraoperative frozen sections examination with diagnosis of AF. Final histology confirmed AF. Post-operative follow-up was uneventful. Clinical and ultrasonographic follow-up was negative after 8 months. We report a conservative surgery in a patient with AF of the solitary testis. AF is a benign para-testicular fibrous neoplasm that could be misinterpreted as malignant tumor and treated with orchiectomy. Testis-sparing surgery is recommended in this case with intraoperative pathological examination. The excision of the mass is enough but in front of a possible recurrence a long follow-up is advisable.

Rare presentation of a testicular angiofibroma treated with testis sparing surgery

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Luca Leone

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Testicular benign tumors are very rare (< 5%. Testicular Angiofibroma (AF is one of those, however the gold standard of treatment and follow-up is still unclear. Case report: A 47 years-old man with only one functioning testis was referred to our clinic for a palpable right testicular mass and atrophic contralateral testis. Patient underwent testis-sparing surgery with inguinal approach and intraoperative frozen sections examination with diagnosis of AF. Final histology confirmed AF. Post-operative follow-up was uneventful. Clinical and ultrasonographic follow-up was negative after 8 months. Conclusion: We report a conservative surgery in a patient with AF of the solitary testis. AF is a benign para-testicular fibrous neoplasm that could be misinterpreted as malignant tumor and treated with orchiectomy. Testis-sparing surgery is recommended in this case with intraoperative pathological examination. The excision of the mass is enough but in front of a possible recurrence a long follow-up is advisable.

Estudo anatômico e morfométrico dos folículos testiculares de algumas espécies de Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae Anatomic and morphometric studies of testicular follicles of some species of Triatominae

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Teresa Cristina M. Gonçalves

1987-12-01

Full Text Available Os folículos testiculares nas ordens dos insetos, vêm demonstrando papel relevante sob o ponto de vista da Sistemática e Filogenia. Nos triatomíneos, os folículos testiculares são em número de sete, sendo que o comprimento e a espesura variam consideravelmente entre os gêneros, e pouco entre as espécies. Verificou-se que em Rhodnius spp existem dois folículos longos e grossos e cinco curtos e fuinnos; em Triatoma spp existem dois longos e finos, dois médios e grossos e três curtos e finos; e em Panstrongylus spp existem sete aproximadamente iguais. Através das medições do comprimento dessas estruturas, evidenciou-se que os valores das médias e desvios padrão das médias, foram muito próximos entre as espécies do mesmo gênero, tornando-se inviável estabelecer limites que pudessem caracterizá-las. Em busca de resultados mais precisos, fizeram-se comparações interespecíficas através da análise de variância: entre as diferentes espécies do mesmo gênro (comparação simultânea; entre cada duas espécies do mesmo gênro (comparação aos pares; e entre espécies iguais de procedência diferentes. Os resultados obtidos não demostraram possibilidades de utilização na Sistemática, contudo foram promissores no que concerne à Filogenia, desde que seja observado um número maior de espécies.The testicular follicle in the varous insect orders, has given evidence of relevance from the point of view of Systematics ans Phylogeny. In the triatomines, the testicular follicles are in number of seven, their lenght and thickness ranging considerabley between the genera and with less variation between the species. It was observed that in Rhodnius spp there exist two long and thick follicles and five short and thin; in Triatoma spp there extist two long and thick, two medium and thick and three short and thin; and in Panstrongylus spp seven, almost identical. Through the measurements of length of these structures, it was observed

Assessment of testicular volume: A comparison of fertile and sub-fertile West African men

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K.H. Tijani

2014-09-01

Conclusion: Testicular volume on scrotal ultrasound correlates well with severity of oligospermia in men with sub-fertility. While the critical mean testicular volume necessary for adequate spermatogenesis has not been determined, it appears there is an optimal testicular volume of 18–20 ml at which spermatogenesis is at its peak in sub-fertile Nigerian men.

Seminoma in a Man with Russell-Silver Syndrome Presenting with Testicular Torsion

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Satoshi Funada

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Russell-Silver syndrome (RSS is a type of primordial dwarfism. Only one case of testicular cancer in RSS has been reported, the pathology of which was nonseminoma. Here, we report a case of seminoma in a 36-year-old man who was diagnosed with RSS at birth. The seminoma was diagnosed when the patient presented with testicular torsion. This is the first report of testicular seminoma in an RSS patient in the literature. We also discussed the correlation between seminoma and RSS.

Testicular immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural changes associated with chronic cholestasis in rats: Effect of ursodeoxycholic acid.

Science.gov (United States)

Mahmoud, Yomna I

2015-09-01

Testicular atrophy has been commonly reported in patients with chronic liver diseases. Ursodeoxycholic acid is the most widely used drug for the treatment of many liver diseases. However, its effect on testicular ultrastructure associated with chronic cholestasis has never been studied. Thus, this study aimed to assess how chronic obstructive jaundice affects the testicular ultrastructure and whether it affects the androgen receptor or the proliferating cell nuclear antigen. The role of ursodeoxycholic acid was also investigated. Cholestasis was induced by bile duct ligation. Samples were collected 4weeks postoperative. Testicular changes were assessed using immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Chronic cholestasis resulted in testicular atrophy evidenced by shrinkage and deformation of seminiferous tubules, thickening of peritubular boundaries, vacuolation, disorganization of germ cells, and maturation arrest. This was accompanied by decreased immunoreactivity of androgen receptors and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Administration of ursodeoxycholic acid improved the testicular morphology and reversed cholestasis-induced immunohistochemical and ultrastructural changes. Ursodeoxycholic acid can improve the testicular ultrastructure and restore the spermatogenic process in rats with chronic cholestasis. These findings support the clinical application of ursodeoxycholic acid in cholestatic patients especially those with hypogonadism. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Córnea verticilata - marcador clínico da doença de Fabry: relato de caso Cornea verticillata - a clinical marker of Fabry disease: case report

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Cynthia Azeredo Cordeiro

2007-08-01

Full Text Available A doença de Fabry é erro inato do metabolismo dos glicoesfingolipídeos (GL, resultante da atividade deficiente da enzima alfa-galactosidase A (a-Gal, com herança ligada ao cromossomo X. O acúmulo progressivo de GL nos tecidos resulta nas manifestações clínicas da doença, mais evidentes em homens hemizigotos, e incluem angioqueratomas, acroparestesias, córnea verticilata, hipo-hidrose, envolvimento cardíaco, renal e manifestações cerebrovasculares. Foi realizada avaliação em família acometida pela doença, sendo dois pacientes do sexo feminino e três do sexo masculino. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a anamnese, exame oftalmológico completo e dosagem da atividade da enzima a-Gal. O único achado clínico presente em todos foi a córnea verticilata. Isto demonstra o importante papel que o exame oftalmológico apresenta no diagnóstico da doença, já que as alterações oculares são tão características.Fabry's disease is a rare X-linked lisosomal storage disorder of glycosphingolipid (GL metabolism, caused by a deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A activity. The progressive accumulation of GL in tissues results in the clinical manifestations of the disease, that are more evident in hemizygous males, and include angiokeratomas, acroparesthesia, cornea verticillata, cardiac and kidney involvement, cerebrovascular manifestations. A family with Fabry's disease including 2 female patients and 3 male patients is reported. The patients were submitted to complete medical history, ophthalmological examination and alpha-galactosidase activity test. Cornea verticillata was a constant finding in all patients. This demonstrates the important role of the ophtalmological examination for the diagnosis of Fabry's disease since the eye findings are so characteristic of the disease.

Reproductive hormones and metabolic syndrome in 24 testicular cancer survivors and their biological brothers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bandak, M.; Jorgensen, N.; Juul, A.

2017-01-01

) criteria comprised the main outcome measures of the study. Median age was similar in testicular cancer survivors and their biological brothers [44 years (IQR 39–50) vs. 46 (40–53) years respectively (p = 0.1)]. In testicular cancer survivors, follow-up since treatment was 12 years (7–19). Serum levels...... was to clarify if testicular cancer survivors have impaired gonadal function and increased risk of metabolic syndrome when compared to their biological brothers. A cross-sectional study of testicular cancer survivors (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02240966) was conducted between 2014 and 2016. Of 158 testicular...... cancer survivors included, 24 had a biological brother who accepted to participate in the study. Serum levels of reproductive hormones and prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to International Diabetes Federation Criteria and National Cholesterol Education Program (Adult Treatment Panel III...

Do ethnic patterns in cryptorchidism reflect those found in testicular cancer?

Science.gov (United States)

Gurney, Jason; Sarfati, Diana; Stanley, James; Studd, Rodney

2013-11-01

There are established variations in testicular cancer incidence between ethnic groups within countries. It is currently unclear whether the occurrence of cryptorchidism-a known risk factor for testicular cancer-follows similar patterns. In New Zealand Māori have unusually high rates of testicular cancer compared to individuals of European ancestry. We hypothesized that ethnic trends in the incidence of cryptorchidism would reflect those for testicular cancer in this setting. We followed 318,441 eligible male neonates born in New Zealand between 2000 and 2010 for the incidence of orchiopexy confirmed cryptorchidism and the incidence of known risk factors for cryptorchidism (low birth weight, short gestation, small size for gestational age) using routine maternity, hospitalization and mortality records. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios for the presence of known risk factors for cryptorchidism by ethnic group. Poisson regression was used to calculate relative risk of cryptorchidism by ethnicity, adjusted for risk factors. Ethnic patterns of cryptorchidism incidence in New Zealand closely mirrored those previously observed for testicular cancer. Māori had higher rates of cryptorchidism than all other ethnic groups (adjusted RR 1.2 [95% CI 1.11-1.3]), with Pacific (0.89 [0.8-0.99]) and Asian groups (0.68 [0.59-0.79]) having the lowest rates (European/other, referent). Since the principal risk factors for cryptorchidism are present in utero, the results of the current study strengthen the likelihood that the ethnic patterning of testicular cancer is at least partly due to prenatal risk factors. Copyright © 2013 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Expresión diferencial de los genes de algunas enzimas lignocelulolíticas en biopelículas de Aspergillus niger

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Gretty K. Villena

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una evaluación génica preliminar a nivel transcripcional de biopelículas de Aspergillus niger ATCC 10864 desarrolladas sobre poliéster respecto a algunas enzimas lignocelulolíticas. El análisis de expresión de genes de enzimas lignocelulolíticas y genes reguladores mediante RT-PCR mostró que los genes eng1, eglC, exo y eglA, eglB y xynB son diferencialmente expresados ya sea temporalmente o mediante más de un transcripto en comparación con cultivos sumergidos. Asimismo, los genes reguladores xlnR y creA mostraron patrones temporales de expresión distintos en ambos sistemas. Los resultados obtenidos aportan la evidencia molecular inicial de expresión diferencial de genes en biopelículas así como patrones de regulación diferencial muy probablemente ligada a la adhesión celular.

Little effects of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I on testicular atrophy induced by hypoxia

Science.gov (United States)

Diez-Caballero, Fernando; Castilla-Cortázar, Inma; Garcia-Fernandez, Maria; Puche, Juan Enrique; Diaz-Sanchez, Matias; Casares, Amelia Diaz; Aliaga-Montilla, M Aurelia; Rodriguez-Borrajo, Coronación; Gonzalez-Barón, Salvador

2006-01-01

Background Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) supplementation restores testicular atrophy associated with advanced liver cirrhosis that is a condition of IGF-I deficiency. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of IGF-I in rats with ischemia-induced testicular atrophy (AT) without liver disease and consequently with normal serum level of IGF-I. Methods Testicular atrophy was induced by epinephrine (1, 2 mg/Kg intra-scrotal injection five times per week) during 11 weeks. Then, rats with testicular atrophy (AT) were divided into two groups (n = 10 each): untreated rats (AT) receiving saline sc, and AT+IGF, which were treated with IGF-I (2 μg.100 g b.w.-1.day-1, sc.) for 28d. Healthy controls (CO, n = 10) were studied in parallel. Animals were sacrificed on day 29th. Hypophyso-gonadal axis, IGF-I and IGFBPs levels, testicular morphometry and histopathology, immuno-histochemical studies and antioxidant enzyme activity phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) were assessed. Results Compared to controls, AT rats displayed a reduction in testicular size and weight, with histological testicular atrophy, decreased cellular proliferation and transferrin expression, and all of these alterations were slightly improved by IGF-I at low doses. IGF-I therapy increased signifincantly steroidogenesis and PHGPx activity (p Laron Syndrom or liver cirrhosis). PMID:16504030

Testicular dysgenesis syndrome and the development and occurrence of male reproductive disorders

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Virtanen, H E; Rajpert-De Meyts, E; Main, K M

2005-01-01

links so that countries with high incidence of testicular cancer, such as Denmark, tend to also have high prevalence rates of cryptorchidism and hypospadias and poor semen quality. Vice versa, in countries with good male reproductive health, e.g., in Finland, all these aspects are better than in Denmark...... the most severe form of testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS). We have hypothesized that testicular cancer, cryptorchidism, hypospadias and poor spermatogenesis are all signs of a developmental disturbance that was named as testicular dysgenesis syndrome. The hypothesis is based on clinical...... and epidemiological findings and on biological and experimental evidence. Signs of TDS share several risk factors, such as small birth weight (particularly being small for gestational age), and they are risk factors for each other. All of them have background in fetal development. They show strong epidemiological...

Immunoreactive neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is expressed in testicular carcinoma-in-situ

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kang, J L; Rajpert-De Meyts, E; Skakkebaek, N E

1996-01-01

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a well-known marker of tumours that have neuroendocrine origin. High levels of NSE have also been described in various types of testicular germ cell neoplasms, particularly in seminomas. To evaluate the presence of NSE in testicular carcinoma-in situ (CIS), a prei...... are evidence against a relationship between NSE and N-myc in testicular germ cell tumours. The high expression of NSE in CIS and overt germ cell tumours may be due to the increased gene dosage effect associated with the overrepresentation of isochromosome 12p....

Distribuição da sacarose-fosfato sintase e sacarose sintase em bananas durante o amadurecimento

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BASSINELLO Priscila Z.

1999-01-01

Full Text Available A hidrólise do amido e a síntese de açúcares durante o amadurecimento da banana são transformações bioquímicas importantes, havendo evidências de que ocorrem de forma homogênea no fruto. Para confirmar este fato, amostras de banana nanicão (Musa spp. colhidas aos 110 dias pós-antese, foram coletadas no decorrer do amadurecimento e foram determinados os teores de amido, hexoses e sacarose e a atividade das enzimas sacarose-fosfato sintase (SPS e sacarose sintase (SS em diferentes partes do fruto. Observou-se que na banana verde, existe mais amido na porção periférica (18% do que na central (13%. Porém, a sua velocidade de degradação durante o amadurecimento é a mesma, o que resulta em teores diferenciados de amido residual na banana madura. Também o aparecimento e acúmulo de sacarose foi simultâneo nas duas regiões e coincidente com os valores máximos de atividade da SPS. Utilizando-se de técnica de identificação por anticorpos específicos para SS e SPS em tecidos verde e maduro, observou-se uma distribuição homogênea das enzimas e aparente correlação entre a cor desenvolvida e a variação de atividade.

Testicular toxoplasmosis in a 26-year-old immunocompetent man.

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Vincent; Amarasekera, Channa; Kundu, Shilajit

2018-06-04

Testicular toxoplasmosis is a very rare presentation of Toxoplasma gondii A 26-year-old immunocompetent man presented to us with right testicular pain and a right epididymal mass. Ultrasound was concerning for malignancy and a radical orchiectomy was performed. Surgical pathology revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation which stained positive for T. gondii . © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd (unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Influence of large testicular dose on neuroendocrine function in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gong Shouliang; Liu Shuzheng

1992-01-01

In present study, the changes of hypothalamic endogenous opiate peptides and the endocrine function of pituitary and testes were observed at 1, 23, 63 and 97 days after exposure of testes to 10 Gy X-rays in male Wistar rats to attempt to clarify the neuroendocrine effect of ionizing radiation and its mechanism. One day after irradiation, hypothalamic β-endorphin (β-EP) content increased significantly, but serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (TS) and cAMP content in tests were lowered in varying degrees. Twenty three days after irradiation, hypothalamic β-EP content decreased, while serum LH, FSH, TS and testicular cAMP content increased very significantly. Sixty three days after irradiation, the level of hypothalamic β-EP still was the same as that at 23 days after irradiation, hypothalamic leu-enkephalin (L-Enk) content decreased significantly, serum LH and FSH levels still continued to increase up, while serum TS and testicular cAMP contents declined very significantly. Ninety seven days after irradiation, serum LH and FSH levels returned to lower, serum TS and testicular cAMP content still continued to decrease, and in testicular tissue, serious lesion occurred

Epigenetic: a molecular link between testicular cancer and environmental exposures.

Science.gov (United States)

Vega, Aurelie; Baptissart, Marine; Caira, Françoise; Brugnon, Florence; Lobaccaro, Jean-Marc A; Volle, David H

2012-01-01

In the last decades, studies in rodents have highlighted links between in utero and/or neonatal exposures to molecules that alter endocrine functions and the development of genital tract abnormalities, such as cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and impaired spermatogenesis. Most of these molecules, called endocrine disrupters exert estrogenic and/or antiandrogenic activities. These data led to the hypothesis of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome which postulates that these disorders are one clinical entity and are linked by epidemiological and pathophysiological relations. Furthermore, infertility has been stated as a risk factor for testicular cancer (TC). The incidence of TC has been increasing over the past decade. Most of testicular germ cell cancers develop through a pre-invasive carcinoma in situ from fetal germ cells (primordial germ cell or gonocyte). During their development, fetal germ cells undergo epigenetic modifications. Interestingly, several lines of evidence have shown that gene regulation through epigenetic mechanisms (DNA and histone modifications) plays an important role in normal development as well as in various diseases, including TC. Here we will review chromatin modifications which can affect testicular physiology leading to the development of TC; and highlight potential molecular pathways involved in these alterations in the context of environmental exposures.

INDUCCIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD DE LA ENZIMA FENILALANINA AMONIO LIASA EN CLAVEL (Dianthus caryophyllus L POR ELICITORES DEL HONGO Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Dianthi raza 2

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Harold Ardila

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Con el fin de evaluar el comportamiento a nivel del tallo de la enzima fenilalanina amonio liasa (PAL, por su nombre en inglés phenylalanine ammonia liase, durante la interacción clavel-Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi raza 2, se seleccionaron las condiciones para su extracción y cuantificación de la actividad. Para la extracción a partir de tallos y raíces se seleccionó un tratamiento previo del material vegetal con acetona y posterior extracción con buffer borato pH 8,8 con EDTA 2mMy -mercaptoetanol 18 mM. Para su cuantificación a nivel del tallo se debe realizar un ensayo discontinuo por 10 min, a 37 oC, pH 8,0 y a una concentración de sustrato de 35 mM. Adicionalmente se muestra mediante un ensayo in vivo el efecto que tiene, como inductor de esta enzima, la aplicación de un extracto crudo del patógeno. Los resultados observados indican que esta enzima se induce significativamente en tallos de claveles de la variedad tolerante “Kiss” durante el tratamiento por aspersión con el extracto crudo del patógeno, mientras que dicha inducción fue inexistente para la infección directamente con el patógeno. La inducción en esta variedad indica que en este extracto del patógeno se presentan elicitores potenciales para la inducción de esta enzima y por ende de la ruta fenilpropanoide.

Leydig cell damage after testicular irradiation for lymphoblastic leukemia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shalet, S.M.; Horner, A.; Ahmed, S.R.; Morris-Jones, P.H.

1985-01-01

The effect of testicular irradiation on Leydig cell function has been studied in a group of boys irradiated between 1 and 5 years earlier for a testicular relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Six of the seven boys irradiated during prepubertal life had an absent testosterone response to HCG stimulation. Two of the four boys irradiated during puberty had an appropriate basal testosterone level, but the testosterone response to HCG stimulation was subnormal in three of the four. Abnormalities in gonadotropin secretion consistent with testicular damage were noted in nine of the 11 boys. Evidence of severe Leydig cell damage was present irrespective of whether the boys were studied within 1 year or between 3 and 5 years after irradiation, suggesting that recovery is unlikely. Androgen replacement therapy has been started in four boys and will be required by the majority of the remainder to undergo normal pubertal development

Strain difference of cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in inbred Wistar-Imamichi and Fischer 344 rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimada, Hideaki; Narumi, Rika [Kumamoto University, Faculty of Education, Kumamoto (Japan); Nagano, Masaaki; Yasutake, Akira [National Institute for Minamata Disease, Biochemistry Section, Kumamoto (Japan); Waalkes, Michael P. [National Cancer Institute at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Inorganic Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, Research Triangle Park, NC (United States); Imamura, Yorishige [Kumamoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto (Japan)

2009-07-15

Previously, we reported that Wistar-Imamichi (WI) rats are highly resistant to cadmium (Cd)-induced lethality and hepatotoxicity compared to Fischer 344 (F344) rats. Since the testes are one of the most sensitive organs to acute Cd toxicity, we examined possible strain-related differences in Cd-induced testicular toxicity between inbred WI and F344 rats. Rats were treated with a single dose of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg Cd/kg, as CdCl{sub 2}, sc and killed 24 h later. Cd at doses of 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg induced severe testicular hemorrhage, as assessed by pathological and testis hemoglobin content, in F344 rats, but not WI rats. After Cd treatment (2.0 mg/kg), the testicular Cd content was significantly lower in WI rats than in the F344 rats, indicating a toxiokinetic mechanism for the observed strain difference. Thus, the remarkable resistance to Cd-induced testicular toxicity in WI rats is associated, at least in part, with lower testicular accumulation of Cd. When zinc (Zn; 10 mg/kg, sc) was administered in combination with Cd (2.0 mg/kg) to F344 rats, the Cd-induced increase in testicular hemoglobin content, indicative of hemorrhage, was significantly reduced. Similarly, the testicular Cd content was significantly decreased with Zn co-treatment compared to Cd treatment alone. Thus, it can be concluded that the testicular Cd accumulation partly competes with Zn transport systems and that these systems may play an important role in the strain-related differences in Cd-induced testicular toxicity between WI and F344 rats. (orig.)

Isolamento e caracterização de um mutante de saccharomyces cerevisiae com características fenotípicas opostas à cepa pkc

OpenAIRE

Gomes, Katia das Neves

2004-01-01

Em leveduras, a proteína quinase C participa da regulação da via bioquímica responsável pela transcrição de uma subunidade da enzima glucano sintase, a qual está envolvida na síntese da parede celular. A via PKC MAP quinase consiste das enzimas Bck1, Mkk1/2 e Mpk1 que são ativadas por fosforilação. Recentemente, nós descobrimos que o mutante pkc1 D, contrariamente aos demais mutantes da cascata Map quinase, exibe dois principais defeitos no controle do metabolismo de carbono. A cepa pkc1 D ap...

Aspectos biométricos do desenvolvimento testicular e corporal em cutias (Dasyprocta aguti criadas em cativeiros

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Antônio Chaves de Assis-Neto

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Analisou-se os dados biométricos do desenvolvimento testicular e peso corporal de 31 cutias (Dasyprocta aguti desde o nascimento até os 14 meses de idade. As correlações entre o peso corporal, idade e parâmetros testiculares apresentaram-se altamente significativas. O peso testicular, o volume testicular, assim como os demais parâmetros biométricos testiculares (comprimento, diâmetro e perímetro, evoluíram lenta e gradualmente até os 8 meses de idade. A partir dos 9 meses, o crescimento foi mais rápido. O desenvolvimento biométrico do testículo pode ser dividido em duas fases, de 0 - 8 meses e de 9 - 14 meses de idade, sendo 9 meses considerado ponto de corte em se tratando de desenvolvimento testicular de cutias criadas em cativeiro.

Deltamethrin-induced testicular apoptosis in rats: the protective effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor.

Science.gov (United States)

El-Gohary, M; Awara, W M; Nassar, S; Hawas, S

1999-01-01

This study is the first to examine and characterize the testicular apoptosis which might be induced due to exposure of male rats to deltamethrin. Furthermore, the role which might be played by nitric oxide (NO), as well as the other reactive oxygen species (ROS) in controlling this testicular apoptosis was assessed. Apoptosis was evaluated by DNA fragmentation detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and cellular morphology on testicular tissue sections. It was found that administration of deltamethrin (1 mg/kg daily for 21 days) to animals resulted in characteristic DNA migration patterns (laddering), thereby providing evidence that apoptosis is the major mechanism of cell death in the testicular tissues. In addition, histopathological examination of testicular tissue sections showed that apoptosis was confined to the basal germ cells, primary and secondary spermatocytes. These changes, in addition to the appearance of Sertoli cell vacuoles in deltamethrin-intoxicated animals, indicates the suppression of spermatogenesis. At the same time, the plasma levels of both NO and lipid peroxides measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) were found to be significantly increased in deltamethrin-treated animals. Administration of NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors such as N(G)-nitro monomethyl L-arginine hydrochloride (L-NMMA, 1 mg/kg) to rats 2 h before exposure to deltamethrin was effective in the reduction of the typically testicular apoptotic DNA fragmentation pattern and the associated histopathological changes. These findings may suggest that deltamethrin-induced testicular apoptosis is mediated by NO. Therefore, the pharmacological manipulation of apoptosis by selective NOS inhibitors such as L-NMMA may offer new possibilities for the control of deltamethrin-induced testicular dysfunction and infertility in the future.

Little effects of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I on testicular atrophy induced by hypoxia

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Casares Amelia

2006-02-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I supplementation restores testicular atrophy associated with advanced liver cirrhosis that is a condition of IGF-I deficiency. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of IGF-I in rats with ischemia-induced testicular atrophy (AT without liver disease and consequently with normal serum level of IGF-I. Methods Testicular atrophy was induced by epinephrine (1, 2 mg/Kg intra-scrotal injection five times per week during 11 weeks. Then, rats with testicular atrophy (AT were divided into two groups (n = 10 each: untreated rats (AT receiving saline sc, and AT+IGF, which were treated with IGF-I (2 μg.100 g b.w.-1.day-1, sc. for 28d. Healthy controls (CO, n = 10 were studied in parallel. Animals were sacrificed on day 29th. Hypophyso-gonadal axis, IGF-I and IGFBPs levels, testicular morphometry and histopathology, immuno-histochemical studies and antioxidant enzyme activity phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx were assessed. Results Compared to controls, AT rats displayed a reduction in testicular size and weight, with histological testicular atrophy, decreased cellular proliferation and transferrin expression, and all of these alterations were slightly improved by IGF-I at low doses. IGF-I therapy increased signifincantly steroidogenesis and PHGPx activity (p Conclusion In testicular atrophy by hypoxia, condition without IGF-I deficiency, IGF-treatment induces only partial effects. These findings suggest that IGF-I therapy appears as an appropriate treatment in hypogonadism only when this is associated to conditions of IGF-I deficiency (such as Laron Syndrom or liver cirrhosis.

Efeitos da farinha de folhas de mandioca sobre a atividade das enzimas AST, ALT, FA e lipídios hepáticos de ratos Wistar Effects of cassava leaves flour on the AST, ALT, ALP enzymes activity and hepatic lipids of Wistar rats

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Daniela Séfora de Melo

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Folhas de mandioca possuem substâncias como ligninas e saponinas que podem apresentar efeito hipolipidêmico. Todavia, um estudo recente relatou aumento no peso do fígado de ratos alimentados com dietas contendo farinha de folhas de mandioca (FFM - Manihot esculenta Crantz cv. Cacao, tornando-se necessário um estudo mais aprofundado dos efeitos desta farinha sobre os parâmetros hepáticos. Para este estudo, um ensaio biológico com 32 ratos machos Wistar foi conduzido por um período de 7 semanas, sendo os tratamentos: dieta controle e dietas contendo 5, 10 e 15% de FFM. As dietas contendo FFM não apresentaram efeitos sobre as atividades das enzimas Aspartato Aminotransferase (AST e Fosfatase Alcalina (FA, mas aumentaram significativamente a atividade da enzima alanina aminotransferase (ALT. O estudo histopatológico revelou vacuolização do citoplasma dos hepatócitos para todos os grupos. No entanto, a freqüência de animais com vacuolização acentuada foi superior nos grupos que receberam dietas com FFM, apresentando também maiores teores de lipídios e colesterol total hepáticos e maior relação peso fígado/peso corporal. Estes resultados indicam que os antinutrientes presentes nas folhas de mandioca, como taninos, cianeto e saponinas, podem ser responsáveis pela redução da função hepática nos animais alimentados com FFM.Cassava leaves contain substances such as lignins and saponins that can present the hypolipidemic effect. However, a recent study has reported an increase in liver weight of rats fed diet containing cassava leaves flour (CLF - Manihot esculenta Crantz cv. Cacao. Thus, a further study of the effect of this flour on the hepatic parameters is necessary. For the development of this study, a biological assay with 32 male Wistar rats was conducted for a period of 7 weeks with the following treatments: control diet and diets containing 5, 10, and 15% of CLF. The diets containing CLF showed no effects on the

Effect of the culture conditions on the production of an extracellular protease by thermophilic Bacillus sp and some properties of the enzymatic activity Efeito das condições de cultivo sobre a produção de proteases extracelulares pelo termofílico Bacillus sp e algumas propriedades da atividade enzimática

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Camila Rocha da Silva

2007-06-01

protease, enquanto lactose e sacarose não foram muito efetivas. O aumento da concentração de maltose no meio de cultura até 1% melhorou o crescimento do organismo e a atividade da enzima. Em relação à concentração de proteínas do soro e da água de maceração de milho no meio de cultura, 0,1% e 0,2% respectivamente, foram as mais efetivas para a secreção da enzima pelo organismo. Estudos sobre a caracterização da protease revelaram que a temperatura ótima desta enzima foi 70ºC. Em relação a termoestabilidade da enzima, a protease manteve 80% de sua atividade original após 2 h de tratamento a 60ºC. A 70ºC, 70% de sua atividade original foi mantida após 15 min. O pH ótimo para atividade da enzima foi 8,5. Após a incubação da solução enzimática bruta a pH 6,0-10.0 por 2 h a temperatura ambiente, foi observado um decréscimo de em torno de 15% da sua atividade original a pH 8,5. A pH 10,0 o decréscimo na atividade foi de 24%. Na presença de 1.0 M e 5.0 M NaCl, 76% e 37% da atividade da protease foi mantida após 2 h de incubação a 45ºC respectivamente.

[Relationship between phthalates and testicular dysgenesis syndrome].

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Guo-Rong; Dong, Lei; Ge, Ren-Shan; Hardy, Matthew P

2007-03-01

Recent epidemiological evidence demonstrates that boys born to women exposed to phthalates during pregnancy have an increased incidence of cryptorchidism, hypospadias, testicular cancer and spermatogenic dysfunction, which are collectively referred to as testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS). TDS may be attributed to the dysfunction of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells during their differentiation after exposure to phthalates in utero. Fox example, Leydig cell functions are significantly affected by phthalates, leading to the decrease of two Leydig cell products--insulin-like growth factor 3 (INSL3) and testosterone, which are critical factors for testis descent. The disorientation of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells in the adult testis may be the cause of spermatogenic dysfunction.

Testicular Damage following Testicular Sperm Retrieval

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fedder, Jens; Marcussen, Niels; Fedder, Maja D.K.

2017-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible development of histological abnormalities such as fibrosis and microcalcifications after sperm retrieval in a ram model. Fourteen testicles in nine rams were exposed to open biopsy, multiple TESAs, or TESE, and the remaining four testicles were...... left unoperated on as controls. Three months after sperm retrieval, the testicles were removed, fixed, and cut into 1/2 cm thick slices and systematically put onto a glass plate exposing macroscopic abnormalities. Tissue from abnormal areas was cut into 3 μm sections and stained for histological...... evaluation. Pathological abnormalities were observed in testicles exposed to sperm retrieval (≥11 of 14) compared to 0 of 4 control testicles. Testicular damage was found independently of the kind of intervention used. Therefore, cryopreservation of excess sperm should be considered while retrieving sperm....

Sulforaphane Prevents Angiotensin II-Induced Testicular Cell Death via Activation of NRF2

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Yonggang Wang

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Although angiotensin II (Ang II was reported to facilitate sperm motility and intratesticular sperm transport, recent findings shed light on the efficacy of Ang II in stimulating inflammatory events in testicular peritubular cells, effect of which may play a role in male infertility. It is still unknown whether Ang II can induce testicular apoptotic cell death, which may be a more direct action of Ang II in male infertility. Therefore, the present study aims to determine whether Ang II can induce testicular apoptotic cell death and whether this action can be prevented by sulforaphane (SFN via activating nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2, the governor of antioxidant-redox signalling. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J wild type (WT and Nrf2 gene knockout mice were treated with Ang II, in the presence or absence of SFN. In WT mice, SFN activated testicular NRF2 expression and function, along with a marked attenuation in Ang II-induced testicular oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptotic cell death. Deletion of the Nrf2 gene led to a complete abolishment of these efficacies of SFN. The present study indicated that Ang II may result in testicular apoptotic cell death, which can be prevented by SFN via the activation of NRF2.

Testicular cancer risk in first- and second-generation immigrants to Denmark.

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Myrup, Charlotte; Westergaard, Tine; Schnack, Tine; Oudin, Anna; Ritz, Christian; Wohlfahrt, Jan; Melbye, Mads

2008-01-02

Immigrant studies offer insights into the relative importance of environment and genes in disease etiology. There is considerable variation in testicular cancer incidence worldwide. We investigated testicular cancer risk in first- and second-generation immigrants to Denmark, a high-incidence country, to evaluate the relative influence of genes and environment and the potential timing of action of environmental factor(s). A cohort of 2.1 million men who were born since 1930 and lived in Denmark between 1968 and 2003 was established based on information in the Danish Civil Registration System, which included their immigration histories. Cancer histories were obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry. Testicular cancer risk was estimated as rate ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) based on log-linear Poisson regression. Overall, 4216 testicular cancer cases occurred during 43 million person-years of follow-up in 2.1 million men. These included 166 cases among 344,444 direct immigrants to Denmark and 13 cases among 56,189 men born in Denmark to immigrant parents. These first- and second-generation immigrants had RRs of testicular cancer of 0.37 (95% CI = 0.31 to 0.43) and 0.88 (95% CI = 0.51 to 1.53), respectively, compared with men born in Denmark of parents born in Denmark. The rate in first-generation immigrants was not modified by age at immigration or duration of stay and reflected that in the country of origin. The testicular cancer risk in first-generation immigrants was lower than that in native-born Danes and reflected that in the countries of origin, whereas the risk in second-generation immigrants was similar to that in natives of Denmark. Together these findings argue for a substantial influence of environmental factors limited to the period early in life, most probably to the period in utero.

Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: possible role of endocrine disrupters

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bay, Katrine; Asklund, Camilla; Skakkebaek, Niels E

2006-01-01

. Clinically, the most common manifestation of TDS is probably a reduced sperm concentration, whereas the more severe form may include a high risk of testis cancer. Clinicians should be aware of the interconnection between the different features of TDS, and inclusion of a programme for early detection......The testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) hypothesis proposes that the four conditions cryptorchidism, hypospadias, impaired spermatogenesis and testis cancer may all be manifestations of disturbed prenatal testicular development. The TDS hypothesis is based on epidemiological, clinical...... of testis cancer in the management of infertile men with poor semen quality is recommended....

Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: possible role of endocrine disrupters

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bay, Katrine; Asklund, Camilla; Skakkebaek, Niels E

2006-01-01

The testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) hypothesis proposes that the four conditions cryptorchidism, hypospadias, impaired spermatogenesis and testis cancer may all be manifestations of disturbed prenatal testicular development. The TDS hypothesis is based on epidemiological, clinical....... Clinically, the most common manifestation of TDS is probably a reduced sperm concentration, whereas the more severe form may include a high risk of testis cancer. Clinicians should be aware of the interconnection between the different features of TDS, and inclusion of a programme for early detection...... of testis cancer in the management of infertile men with poor semen quality is recommended....

Acute testicular torsion in children: the role of sonography in the diagnostic workup.

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Gunther, P; Schenk, J P; Wunsch, R; Holland-Cunz, S; Kessler, U; Troger, J; Waag, K L

2006-11-01

Acute testicular torsion in children is an emergency and has to be diagnosed urgently. Doppler sonography is increasingly used in imaging the acute scrotum. Nevertheless, in uncertain cases, surgical exploration is required. In this study, we attempted to define the role of Doppler sonography in the diagnostic workup of the acutely painful scrotum. All patients admitted between 1999 and 2005 with acute scrotal pain were included. After clinical assessment, patients were imaged by Doppler sonography with a ''high-end'' instrument. In cases of absent arterial perfusion of the testis in Doppler sonography, surgical exploration was carried out. Patients with unaffected perfusion were followed clinically by ultrasound for up to 2 years. Sixty-one infants and children aged 1 day to 17 years (median: 7.9 years) were included. In 14 cases, sonography demonstrated absent central perfusion, with abnormal parenchymal echogenicity in six. Absence of venous blood flow together with reduction of central arterial perfusion was found in one infant. In these 15 patients, surgical exploration confirmed testicular torsion. Among the other 46 patients, we found four cases with increased testicular perfusion and 27 with increased perfusion of the epididymis. In one infant, a testicular tumour was found sonographically, and orchiectomy confirmed diagnosis of a teratoma. Follow-up examinations of the conservatively treated patients showed good clinical outcome with physiologic central perfusion as well as normal echogenic pattern of both testes. No case of testicular torsion was missed. By means of Doppler sonography, an unequivocal statement regarding testicular perfusion was possible in all cases. The initial Doppler diagnosis was confirmed by operative evaluation and follow-up ultrasound. Testicular torsion can therefore be excluded by correctly performed ultrasound with modern equipment.

Incidence and Mortality of Testicular Cancer and Relationships with Development in Asia.

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Sadeghi, Mostafa; Ghoncheh, Mahshid; Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah; Gandomani, Hamidreza Sadeghi; Rafiemanesh, Hosein; Salehiniya, Hamid

2016-01-01

Testicular cancer is one of the most common cancers among young men between ages 20-34 in countries with high or very high levels of the Human Development Index (HDI). This study investigated the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer and the relationship with the HDI and its dimensions in Asia in 2012. The study was conducted based on data from the world data of cancer and the World Bank (including the HDI and its components). Standardized incidence and mortality rates of testicular cancer were calculated for Asian countries. Correlations between incidence and/ormortality rates, and the HDI and its components were assessed with the use of the correlation test, using SPSS software. There was a total of 14902 incidences and 5832 death were recorded in Asian countries in 2012. Among the Asian countries, the five countries with the highest standardized incidence rates of testicular cancer were Israel, Georgia, Turkey, Lebanon and Kazakhstan and the five countries with the highest standardized mortality rates were Turkey, Georgia, Jordan, Cambodia and the Syrian Arab Republic. A positive correlation of 0.382 was observed between the standardized incidence rates of testicular cancer and the HDI (p=0.009). Also a negative correlation of 0.298 between the standardized mortality rate of testicular cancer and the Human Development Index was noted although this relation was statistically non-significant (p=0.052). There is a positive correlation between HDI and the standardized incidence rate of testicular cancer and negative correlation with standardized mortality rate.

International testicular cancer incidence trends: generational transitions in 38 countries 1900-1990.

Science.gov (United States)

Znaor, Ariana; Lortet-Tieulent, Joannie; Laversanne, Mathieu; Jemal, Ahmedin; Bray, Freddie

2015-01-01

Rapid increases in testicular cancer incidence have marked the second half of the last century. While these secular rises, observed mainly in countries attaining the highest levels of human development, appear to have attenuated in the last decade, rates continue to increase in countries transiting toward high developmental levels. The purpose of our study was to provide a comprehensive analysis and presentation of the cohort-specific trends in testicular cancer incidence rates in 38 countries worldwide. We used an augmented version of the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents series to analyze testicular cancer incidence in men aged 15-54 in 38 countries, via age-period-cohort analysis. In many European countries, the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, there is a continuation of the increasing risk among successive generations, yet rates are attenuating in male cohorts born since the 1970s in several Northern European countries, in contrast to the steeply increasing trends in recent cohorts in Southern Europe. Incidence rates have also been increasing in the populations traditionally at rather low risk, such as in the Philippines, Singapore, China, and Costa Rica. The attenuation of testicular cancer risk in younger generations (in the most developed countries) alongside concomitant increases (in countries undergoing developmental change) is indicative of a global transition in the risk of testicular cancer. While identifying the underlying causes remains a major challenge, increasing awareness and adapting national healthcare systems to accommodate a growing burden of testicular cancer may prevent future avoidable deaths in young men.

Insurance Status and Differences in Treatment and Survival of Testicular Cancer Patients.

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Kamel, Mohamed H; Elfaramawi, Mohammed; Jadhav, Supriya; Saafan, Ahmed; Raheem, Omer A; Davis, Rodney

2016-01-01

To explore the relationship between insurance status and differences in treatment and survival of testicular cancer patients. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was utilized for this study. Between 2007 and 2011, 5986 testicular cancer patients were included in the SEER database. Patients were classified into nonseminoma and seminoma groups. We compared mortality rates, metastasis (M+) at diagnosis, and rates of adjuvant treatments between the uninsured (UI) and insured (I) populations. Overall, 2.64% of UI vs 1.36% of I died from testicular cancer (P = .025) and 16.73% of UI vs 10.52% of I had M+ at diagnosis (P testicular cancer (P = .326) and 25.92% of UI vs 18.46% of I had M+ at diagnosis (P = .0007). Also 17.28% of UI vs 20.88% of I had retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND; P = .1). In the seminoma group, 1.06% of UI vs 0.33% of I died from testicular cancer (P = .030) and 7.43% of UI vs 4.81% of I had M+ at diagnosis (P = .029). Also 34.75% of UI vs 48.4% of I received adjuvant radiation (P = .0083). The lack of health insurance predicted poor survival after adjusting for tumor stage, receiving adjuvant radiation or RPLND. UI testicular cancer patients present with more advanced cancer stages and have higher mortality rates than I patients. UI seminoma patients received less adjuvant radiation. This may be related to lack of access to care or more advanced cancer stage at diagnosis. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Conditional Risk of Relapse in Surveillance for Clinical Stage I Testicular Cancer.