Evidence of an association between 10/10 genotype of DAT1 and endophenotypes of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Agudelo, J A; Gálvez, J M; Fonseca, D J; Mateus, H E; Talero-Gutiérrez, C; Velez-Van-Meerbeke, A

2015-04-01

Genetic variance of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a strong determinant of this disorder. The 40 base pairs (bp) variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) located in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of DAT1 gene increases the expression of the dopamine transporter. Therefore, DAT1 has been associated with susceptibility to ADHD. To determine the association between the VNTR of DAT1 and the phenotype of ADHD or its endophenotypes in a sample of children aged between 6 and 15 years from Bogotá. We selected 73 patients with ADHD and 54 controls. WISC test was applied in all subjects and executive functions were assessed. The VNTR of DAT1 was polymerase chain reaction-amplified. Data regarding population genetics and statistical analysis were obtained. Correlation and association tests between genotype and neuropsychological testing were performed. The DAT1 polymorphism was not associated with ADHD (P=.85). Nevertheless, the 10/10 genotype was found to be correlated with the processing speed index (P<.05). In the hyperactivity subtype, there was a genotypic correlation with some subtests of executive function (cognitive flexibility) (P≤.01). In the combined subtype, the 10/10 genotype was associated with verbal comprehension index of WISC (P<.05). A correlation was found between DAT1 VNTR and the subtest "processing speed index" of WISC and the subtest "cognitive flexibility" of executive functions. To our knowledge, this is the first report to assess DAT1 gene in a Colombian population. Copyright © 2013 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

Theory and operation of the real-time data acquisition system for the NASA-LaRC differential absorption lidar (DIAL)

Science.gov (United States)

Butler, Carolyn; Spencer, Randall

1988-01-01

The improvement of computer hardware and software of the NASA Multipurpose Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) system is documented. The NASA DIAL system has undergone development and experimental deployment at NASA/Langley Res. Center for the remote measurement of atmospheric trace gas concentrations from ground and aircraft platforms. A viable DIAL system was developed capable of remotely measuring O3 and H2O concentrations from an aircraft platform. The DIAL Data Acquisition System (DAS) has undergone a number of improvements also. Due to the participation of the DIAL in the Global Tropospheric Experiment, modifications and improvements of the system were tested and used both in the lab and in air. Therefore, this is an operational manual for the DIAL DAS.

Minimum Makespan Multi-Vehicle Dial-a-Ride

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gørtz, Inge Li; Nagarajan, Viswanath; Ravi, R.

2015-01-01

of multi-vehicle Dial-a-Ride, in which an object may be left at intermediate vertices and transported by more than one vehicle, while being moved from source to destination. Our main results are an O(log(3) n)-approximation algorithm for preemptive multi-vehicle Dial-a-Ride, and an improved O(log t...

Florence Kelley and the radium dial painters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cloutier, R.J.

1980-01-01

All health physicists are familiar with the radium dial painter episode of the early 1900s and how one of today's primary radiation limits was set after studying both the health effects of these workers. The social history of this event is not as well known to health physicists. This paper tells of the efforts by Florence Kelley of the National Consumers League and others on behalf of the dial painters and of the events that led to Kelley's interest in the problem. Known as the 'Impatient Crusader', Florence Kelley worked to have legislation passed that would eliminate the radiation hazards of dial painting and to obtain compensation for those who were injured. (author)

PCNuDAT a PC Nuclear Data program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kinsey, R.R.

1998-01-01

The PC program PCNuDat is described which displays nuclear radioactive decay data and thermal cross section data. It requires 45 Megabytes (reduced version of PCNuDat requires 3 Megabytes) of disc space and can be obtained through Internet FTP or WWW from U.S. Nuclear Data Center or Nuclear Data Section of the IAEA. It can be obtained also on CD-ROM upon request sent to Nuclear Data Section. (author)

Diode-laser-based water vapor differential absorption lidar (DIAL) profiler evaluation

Science.gov (United States)

Spuler, S.; Weckwerth, T.; Repasky, K. S.; Nehrir, A. R.; Carbone, R.

2012-12-01

We are in the process of evaluating the performance of an eye-safe, low-cost, diode-laser-based, water vapor differential absorption lidar (DIAL) profiler. This class of instrument may be capable of providing continuous water vapor and aerosol backscatter profiles at high vertical resolution in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) for periods of months to years. The technology potentially fills a national long term observing facility gap and could greatly benefit micro- and meso-meteorology, water cycle, carbon cycle and, more generally, biosphere-hydrosphere-atmosphere interaction research at both weather and climate variability time scales. For the evaluation, the Montana State University 3rd generation water vapor DIAL was modified to enable unattended operation for a period of several weeks. The performance of this V3.5 version DIAL was tested at MSU and NCAR in June and July of 2012. Further tests are currently in progress with Howard University at Beltsville, Maryland; and with the National Weather Service and Oklahoma University at Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas. The presentation will include a comparison of DIAL profiles against meteorological "truth" at the aforementioned locations including: radiosondes, Raman lidars, microwave and IR radiometers, AERONET and SUOMINET systems. Instrument reliability, uncertainty, systematic biases, detection height statistics, and environmental complications will be evaluated. Performance will be judged in the context of diverse scientific applications that range from operational weather prediction and seasonal climate variability, to more demanding climate system process studies at the land-canopy-ABL interface. Estimating the extent to which such research and operational applications can be satisfied with a low cost autonomous network of similar instruments is our principal objective.

Dialéctica y simbolismo en Kant

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cirilo FLÓREZ MIGUEL

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Desde hace muchos años (la tesis de doctorado viene preocupándome el tema de la dialéctica y la suerte de ese tópico en el correr de la historia de la filosofía. La reciente publicación del libro de Isidoro Reguera sobre La Lógica kantiana me ha incitado a volver sobre el tema kantiano de la dialéctica.

A peptide disrupting the D2R-DAT interaction protects against dopamine neurotoxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Su, Ping; Liu, Fang

2017-09-01

Dopamine reuptake from extracellular space to cytosol leads to accumulation of dopamine, which triggers neurotoxicity in dopaminergic neurons. Previous studies have shown that both dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and dopamine transporter (DAT) are involved in dopamine neurotoxicity. However, blockade of either D2R or DAT causes side effects due to antagonism of other physiological functions of these two proteins. We previously found that DAT can form a protein complex with D2R and its cell surface expression is facilitated via D2R-DAT interaction, which regulates dopamine reuptake and intracellular dopamine levels. Here we found that an interfering peptide (DAT-S1) disrupting the D2R-DAT interaction protects neurons against dopamine neurotoxicity, and this effect is mediated by inhibiting DAT cell surface expression and inhibiting both caspase-3 and PARP-1 cleavage. This study demonstrates the role of the D2R-DAT complex in dopamine neurotoxicity and investigated the potential mechanisms, which might help better understand the mechanisms of dopamine neurotoxicity. The peptide may provide some insights to improve treatments for dopamine neurotoxicity and related diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, as well as methamphetamine- and 3,4-methsylenedioxy methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

CM(dat) Seminarer 2003

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Denne publikation indeholder en samling af artikler som skrevet af Cand. Merc.(dat.) studerende på deres 3. semester i forbindelse med linieseminar i datalogi i efteråret 2003. Opgaver som de studerende har løst har været at skrive en teoretisk oversigtsartikel inden for et selvvalgt emne. Formål...

Transformation of model data to information - experiences with coastDat

Science.gov (United States)

Meyer, E.; Weisse, R.

2016-02-01

The idea of coastDat is to improve the data base in sparse observational marine regions and to increase data homogeneity and consistency. In doing so long-term historical model data of e.g. wind (e.g. storms), wind wave and tide surge hindcasts are developed and proofed for regions like North Sea and Baltic Sea. These data-sets are available in hourly resolution and highly spatial resolution to simulate the marine environment from 1948/1958 up to now. Scenarios of potential future developments in a changing climate are also available. The coastDat data sets are used for applications e.g. offshore wind industry (design & logistics), risk analysis and analysis of pathways of energy transition. More than 80 stakeholders have used coastDat data sets. They are composed of science networks (31%), economic actors (45 %) and administrating policy actors (14%). The idea of coastDat is compatible in other coastal regions. Also coastDat is suitable as an information base in order to develop possible future adaptation measures. Here the data set and the history are briefly described, validation is reviewed, and an overview about recent uses of the data is provided.

DAT/SERT Selectivity of Flexible GBR 12909 Analogs Modeled Using 3D-QSAR Methods

Science.gov (United States)

Gilbert, Kathleen M.; Boos, Terrence L.; Dersch, Christina M.; Greiner, Elisabeth; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Lewis, David; Matecka, Dorota; Prisinzano, Thomas E.; Zhang, Ying; Rothman, Richard B.; Rice, Kenner C.; Venanzi, Carol A.

2007-01-01

The dopamine reuptake inhibitor GBR 12909 (1-{2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl}-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine, 1) and its analogs have been developed as tools to test the hypothesis that selective dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitors will be useful therapeutics for cocaine addiction. This 3D-QSAR study focuses on the effect of substitutions in the phenylpropyl region of 1. CoMFA and CoMSIA techniques were used to determine a predictive and stable model for the DAT/serotonin transporter (SERT) selectivity (represented by pKi (DAT/SERT)) of a set of flexible analogs of 1, most of which have eight rotatable bonds. In the absence of a rigid analog to use as a 3D-QSAR template, six conformational families of analogs were constructed from six pairs of piperazine and piperidine template conformers identified by hierarchical clustering as representative molecular conformations. Three models stable to y-value scrambling were identified after a comprehensive CoMFA and CoMSIA survey with Region Focusing. Test set correlation validation led to an acceptable model, with q2 = 0.508, standard error of prediction = 0.601, two components, r2 = 0.685, standard error of estimate = 0.481, F value = 39, percent steric contribution = 65, and percent electrostatic contribution = 35. A CoMFA contour map identified areas of the molecule that affect pKi (DAT/SERT). This work outlines a protocol for deriving a stable and predictive model of the biological activity of a set of very flexible molecules. PMID:17127069

Nuclear data retrieval for PC applications, PCNuDat

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kinsey, R.R.

1996-01-01

The PCNuDat program for IBM-PC compatibles is similar to the NuDat program available through the NNDC Online Nuclear Data Service. They provide a user with access to nuclear data in a convenient and menu driven system. This data is useful in both basic and applied research. The nuclear base used by NuDat is extracted from several data bases maintained at the National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC). The program is an extended DOS program which uses 32 bit addressing. It can run in a DOS window on all the current Windows operating systems. The program and its data base are currently available on both a CD-ROM or electronically over the Internet. Electronic access can be made through the NNDC's Web home page. The files may also be FTP'd from the public area under the [pc prog] directory on bnlnd2.dne.bnl.gov. The CD-ROM version also contains the Nuclear Science References (NSR) data base and its retrieval program, Papyrus NSR

Solving the Dial-a-Ride Problem using Genetic algorithms

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bergvinsdottir, Kristin Berg; Larsen, Jesper; Jørgensen, Rene Munk

In the Dial-a-Ride problem (DARP) customers send transportation requests to an operator. A request consists of a specified pickup location and destination location along with a desired departure or arrival time and demand. The aim of DARP is to minimize transportation cost while satisfying custom...... routing problems for the vehicles using a routing heuristic. The algorithm is implemented in Java and tested on publicly available data sets....

Dopamine transporter polymorphism modulates oculomotor function and DAT1 mRNA expression in schizophrenia.

Science.gov (United States)

Wonodi, Ikwunga; Hong, L Elliot; Stine, O Colin; Mitchell, Braxton D; Elliott, Amie; Roberts, Rosalinda C; Conley, Robert R; McMahon, Robert P; Thaker, Gunvant K

2009-03-05

Smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) deficit is an established schizophrenia endophenotype with a similar neurocognitive construct to working memory. Frontal eye field (FEF) neurons controlling SPEM maintain firing when visual sensory information is removed, and their firing rates directly correlate with SPEM velocity. We previously demonstrated a paradoxical association between a functional polymorphism of dopamine signaling (COMT gene) and SPEM. Recent evidence implicates the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) in modulating cortical dopamine and associated neurocognitive functions. We hypothesized that DAT1 10/10 genotype, which reduces dopamine transporter expression and increases extracellular dopamine, would affect SPEM. We examined the effects of DAT1 genotype on: Clinical diagnosis in the study sample (n = 418; 190 with schizophrenia), SPEM measures in a subgroup with completed oculomotor measures (n = 200; 87 schizophrenia), and DAT1 gene expression in FEF tissue obtained from postmortem brain samples (n = 32; 16 schizophrenia). DAT1 genotype was not associated with schizophrenia. DAT1 10/10 genotype was associated with better SPEM in healthy controls, intermediate SPEM in unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia subjects, and worse SPEM in schizophrenia subjects. In the gene expression study, DAT1 10/10 genotype was associated with significantly reduced DAT1 mRNA transcript in FEF tissue from healthy control donors (P < 0.05), but higher expression in schizophrenia donors. Findings suggest regulatory effects of another gene(s) or etiological factor in schizophrenia, which modulate DAT1 gene function. 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Interaction between striatal volume and DAT1 polymorphism predicts working memory development during adolescence

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Nemmi

2018-04-01

Full Text Available There is considerable inter-individual variability in the rate at which working memory (WM develops during childhood and adolescence, but the neural and genetic basis for these differences are poorly understood. Dopamine-related genes, striatal activation and morphology have been associated with increased WM capacity after training. Here we tested the hypothesis that these factors would also explain some of the inter-individual differences in the rate of WM development.We measured WM performance in 487 healthy subjects twice: at age 14 and 19. At age 14 subjects underwent a structural MRI scan, and genotyping of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs in or close to the dopamine genes DRD2, DAT-1 and COMT, which have previously been associated with gains in WM after WM training. We then analyzed which biological factors predicted the rate of increase in WM between ages 14 and 19.We found a significant interaction between putamen size and DAT1/SLC6A3 rs40184 polymorphism, such that TC heterozygotes with a larger putamen at age 14 showed greater WM improvement at age 19.The effect of the DAT1 polymorphism on WM development was exerted in interaction with striatal morphology. These results suggest that development of WM partially share neuro-physiological mechanism with training-induced plasticity. Keywords: Working memory, Development, Dopamine, Striatum, DAT-1, rs40184

NuDat 2.0: Nuclear Structure and Decay Data on the Internet

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sonzogni, A.A.

2005-01-01

NuDat 2.0 is a software product developed by the National Nuclear Data Center. It provides an interface between web users and several NNDC nuclear structure and decay databases. NuDat 2.0 can be used to search for ground and excited states level properties, gamma-ray information, and decay radiation information. In addition to the search capabilities, an interactive chart of nuclei is displayed. Different examples highlighting NuDat 2 search capabilities and display options are presented

Calculus, Radio Dials and the Straight-Line Frequency Variable Capacitor

Science.gov (United States)

Boyadzhiev, Khristo N.

2010-01-01

Most often radio dials of analogue radios are not uniformly graded; the frequencies are cramped on the left side or on the right side. This makes tuning more difficult. Why are dials made this way? We shall see here that simple calculus can help understand this problem and solve it. (Contains 7 figures.)

DAT by perceived MC interaction on human prefrontal activity and connectivity during emotion processing.

Science.gov (United States)

Taurisano, Paolo; Blasi, Giuseppe; Romano, Raffaella; Sambataro, Fabio; Fazio, Leonardo; Gelao, Barbara; Ursini, Gianluca; Lo Bianco, Luciana; Di Giorgio, Annabella; Ferrante, Francesca; Papazacharias, Apostolos; Porcelli, Annamaria; Sinibaldi, Lorenzo; Popolizio, Teresa; Bertolino, Alessandro

2013-12-01

Maternal care (MC) and dopamine modulate brain activity during emotion processing in inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), striatum and amygdala. Reuptake of dopamine from the synapse is performed by the dopamine transporter (DAT), whose abundance is predicted by variation in its gene (DAT 3'VNTR; 10 > 9-repeat alleles). Here, we investigated the interaction between perceived MC and DAT 3'VNTR genotype on brain activity during processing of aversive facial emotional stimuli. Sixty-one healthy subjects were genotyped for DAT 3'VNTR and categorized in low and high MC individuals. They underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a task requiring gender discrimination of facial stimuli with angry, fearful or neutral expressions. An interaction between facial expression, DAT genotype and MC was found in left IFG, such that low MC and homozygosity for the 10-repeat allele are associated with greater activity during processing of fearful faces. This greater activity was also inversely correlated with a measure of emotion control as scored with the Big Five Questionnaire. Moreover, MC and DAT genotype described a double dissociation on functional connectivity between IFG and amygdala. These findings suggest that perceived early parental bonding may interact with DAT 3'VNTR genotype in modulating brain activity during emotionally relevant inputs.

The effects of DAT1 genotype on fMRI activation in an emotional go/no-go task.

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, Brenna K; Murrell, Jill; Karne, Harish; Anand, Amit

2017-02-01

Dopaminergic brain circuits participate in emotional processing and impulsivity. The dopamine transporter (DAT) modulates dopamine reuptake. A variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) in the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) affects DAT expression. The influence of DAT1 genotype on neural activation during emotional processing and impulse inhibition has not been examined. Forty-two healthy subjects were classified as 9DAT (n = 17) or 10DAT (n = 25) based on DAT1 genotype (9DAT = 9R/9R and 9R/10R; 10DAT = 10R/10R). Subjects underwent fMRI during non-emotional and emotional go/no-go tasks. Subjects were instructed to inhibit responses to letters, happy faces, or sad faces in separate blocks. Accuracy and reaction time did not differ between groups. Within group results showed activation in regions previously implicated in emotional processing and response inhibition. Between groups results showed increased activation in 9DAT individuals during inhibition. During letter inhibition, 9DAT individuals exhibited greater activation in right inferior parietal regions. During sad inhibition, 9DAT Individuals exhibited greater activation in frontal, posterior cingulate, precuneus, right cerebellar, left paracentral, and right occipital brain regions. The interaction between DAT genotype and response type in sad versus letter stimuli showed increased activation in 9DAT individuals during sad no-go responses in the anterior cingulate cortex, extending into frontal-orbital regions. 9DAT individuals have greater activation than 10DAT individuals during neutral and sad inhibition, showing that genotypic variation influencing basal dopamine levels can alter the neural basis of emotional processing and response inhibition. This may indicate that 9R carriers exert more effort to overcome increased basal dopamine activation when inhibiting responses in emotional contexts.

Solving the Dial-a-Ride Problem using Genetic Algorithms

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Rene Munk; Larsen, Jesper; Bergvinsdottir, Kristin Berg

2007-01-01

In the Dial-a-Ride problem (DARP), customers request transportation from an operator. A request consists of a specified pickup location and destination location along with a desired departure or arrival time and capacity demand. The aim of DARP is to minimize transportation cost while satisfying ...... routing problems for the vehicles using a routing heuristic. The algorithm is implemented in Java and tested on publicly available data sets. The new solution method has achieved solutions comparable with the current state-of-the-art methods....

ERK mediated upregulation of death receptor 5 overcomes the lack of p53 functionality in the diaminothiazole DAT1 induced apoptosis in colon cancer models: efficiency of DAT1 in Ras-Raf mutated cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Thamkachy, Reshma; Kumar, Rohith; Rajasekharan, K N; Sengupta, Suparna

2016-03-08

p53 is a tumour suppressor protein that plays a key role in many steps of apoptosis, and malfunctioning of this transcription factor leads to tumorigenesis. Prognosis of many tumours also depends upon the p53 status. Most of the clinically used anticancer compounds activate p53 dependent pathway of apoptosis and hence require p53 for their mechanism of action. Further, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK axis is an important signaling pathway activated in many cancers. Dependence of diaminothiazoles, compounds that have gained importance recently due to their anticancer and anti angiogenic activities, were tested in cancer models with varying p53 or Ras/Raf mutational status. In this study we have used p53 mutated and knock out colon cancer cells and xenograft tumours to study the role of p53 in apoptosis mediated by diaminothiazoles. Colon cancer cell lines with varying mutational status for Ras or Raf were also used. We have also examined the toxicity and in vivo efficacy of a lead diaminothiazole 4-Amino-5-benzoyl-2-(4-methoxy phenylamino)thiazole (DAT1) in colon cancer xenografts. We have found that DAT1 is active in both in vitro and in vivo models with nonfunctional p53. Earlier studies have shown that extrinsic pathway plays major role in DAT1 mediated apoptosis. In this study, we have found that DAT1 is causing p53 independent upregulation of the death receptor 5 by activating the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway both in wild type and p53 suppressed colon cancer cells. These findings are also confirmed by the in vivo results. Further, DAT1 is more efficient to induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells with mutated Ras or Raf. Minimal toxicity in both acute and subacute studies along with the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of DAT1 in cancers with both wild type and nonfunctional p53 place it as a highly beneficial candidate for cancer chemotherapy. Besides, efficiency in cancer cells with mutations in the Ras oncoprotein or its downstream kinase Raf raise interest in

Airborne UV DIAL Measurements of Ozone and Aerosols

Science.gov (United States)

Grant, William B.; Browell, Edward V.

2000-01-01

The NASA Langley Research Center's airborne UV Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) system measures vertical profiles of ozone and aerosols above and below the aircraft along its flight track. This system has been used in over 20 airborne field missions designed to study the troposphere and stratosphere since 1980. Four of these missions involved tropospheric measurement programs in the Pacific Ocean with two in the western North Pacific and two in the South Pacific. The UV DIAL system has been used in these missions to study such things as pollution outflow, long-range transport, and stratospheric intrusions; categorize the air masses encountered; and to guide the aircraft to altitudes where interesting features can be studied using the in situ instruments. This paper will highlight the findings with the UV DIAL system in the Pacific Ocean field programs and introduce the mission planned for the western North Pacific for February-April 2001. This will be an excellent opportunity for collaboration between the NASA airborne mission and those with ground-based War systems in Asia Pacific Rim countries to make a more complete determination of the transport of air from Asia to the western Pacific.

Design and development of a compact lidar/DIAL system for aerial surveillance of urban areas

Science.gov (United States)

Gaudio, P.; Gelfusa, M.; Malizia, A.; Richetta, M.; Antonucci, A.; Ventura, P.; Murari, A.; Vega, J.

2013-10-01

Recently surveying large areas in an automatic way, for early detection of harmful chemical agents, has become a strategic objective of defence and public health organisations. The Lidar-Dial techniques are widely recognized as a cost-effective alternative to monitor large portions of the atmosphere but, up to now, they have been mainly deployed as ground based stations. The design reported in this paper concerns the development of a Lidar-Dial system compact enough to be carried by a small airplane and capable of detecting sudden releases in air of harmful and/or polluting substances. The proposed approach consists of continuous monitoring of the area under surveillance with a Lidar type measurement. Once a significant increase in the density of backscattering substances is revealed, it is intended to switch to the Dial technique to identify the released chemicals and to determine its concentration. In this paper, the design of the proposed system is described and the simulations carried out to determine its performances are reported. For the Lidar measurements, commercially available Nd- YAG laser sources have already been tested and their performances, in combination with avalanche photodiodes, have been experimentally verified to meet the required specifications. With regard to the DIAL measurements, new compact CO2 laser sources are being investigated. The most promising candidate presents an energy per pulse of about 50 mJ typical, sufficient for a range of at least 500m. The laser also provides the so called "agile tuning" option that allows to quickly tune the wavelength. To guarantee continuous, automatic surveying of large areas, innovative solutions are required for the data acquisition, self monitoring of the system and data analysis. The results of the design, the simulations and some preliminary tests illustrate the potential of the chosen, integrated approach.

Hardness of Preemptive Finite Capacity Dial-a-Ride

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gørtz, Inge Li

2006-01-01

In the Finite Capacity Dial-a-Ride problem the input is a metric space, a set of objects, each specifying a source and a destination, and an integer k---the capacity of the vehicle used for making the deliveries. The goal is to compute a shortest tour for the vehicle in which all objects can...... and Raghavachari [FOCS '98] gave a min{O(log N),O(k)}-approximation algorithm for the preemptive version of the problem. In this paper we show that the preemptive Finite Capacity Dial-a-Ride problem has no $min{O(log^{1/4-\\epsilon}N),k^{1-\\epsilon}}$-approximation algorithm for any $\\epsilon>0$ unless all problems...

O campo na dialética da geografia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jean Tricart

2017-08-01

Full Text Available A análise de fenômenos particulares, tal como é encarada pelas diversas disciplinas, não deve conduzir ao isolamento desses fenômenos. Uma atitude dialética deve permitir a recolocação dos resultados analíticos obtidos em seu contexto de interferências. Em síntese, nossa abordagem é decididamente sistêmica, já que a nosso ver a teoria dos sistemas é o melhor instrumento lógico de que dispomos atualmente. Ela engloba e supera a “dialética da natureza” esboçada há um século por Engels.

O Método Dialético Segundo o Capítulo Conclusivo da Lógica Hegeliana: A Primeira Tríade Dialética (§§ 12-17)

OpenAIRE

Camilo José Jimica

2017-01-01

No artigo, tematiza-se o debate contemporâneo a respeito da estrutura da primeira tríade dialética e da legitimidade das interpretações de Hösle sobre os aspectos da transição do movimento dialético da parte do capítulo conclusivo da Ciência da Lógica de Hegel, compreendida como discurso humano. O objetivo é esclarecer quando é que o método dialético de Hegel pode ser ou não considerado irracional. Para atingir este objetivo, apresenta-se a reconstrução das teses do desenvolvimento dos movime...

[(123)I]FP-CIT ENC-DAT normal database

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tossici-Bolt, Livia; Dickson, John C; Sera, Terez

2017-01-01

quantifications methods, BRASS and Southampton, and explores the performance of the striatal phantom calibration in their harmonisation. RESULTS: BRASS and Southampton databases comprising 123 ENC-DAT subjects, from gamma cameras with parallel collimators, were reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP......) and iterative reconstruction OSEM without corrections (IRNC) and compared against the recommended OSEM with corrections for attenuation and scatter and septal penetration (ACSC), before and after applying phantom calibration. Differences between databases were quantified using the percentage difference......-camera variability (-0.2%, p = 0.44). CONCLUSIONS: The ENC-DAT reference values are significantly dependent on the reconstruction and quantification methods and phantom calibration, while reducing the major part of their differences, is unable to fully harmonize them. Clinical use of any normal database, therefore...

[(123)I]FP-CIT ENC-DAT normal database

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tossici-Bolt, Livia; Dickson, John C; Sera, Terez

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND: [(123)I]FP-CIT is a well-established radiotracer for the diagnosis of dopaminergic degenerative disorders. The European Normal Control Database of DaTSCAN (ENC-DAT) of healthy controls has provided age and gender-specific reference values for the [(123)I]FP-CIT specific binding ratio...... quantifications methods, BRASS and Southampton, and explores the performance of the striatal phantom calibration in their harmonisation. RESULTS: BRASS and Southampton databases comprising 123 ENC-DAT subjects, from gamma cameras with parallel collimators, were reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP......) and iterative reconstruction OSEM without corrections (IRNC) and compared against the recommended OSEM with corrections for attenuation and scatter and septal penetration (ACSC), before and after applying phantom calibration. Differences between databases were quantified using the percentage difference...

DialBetics With a Multimedia Food Recording Tool, FoodLog: Smartphone-Based Self-Management for Type 2 Diabetes.

Science.gov (United States)

Waki, Kayo; Aizawa, Kiyoharu; Kato, Shigeko; Fujita, Hideo; Lee, Hanae; Kobayashi, Haruka; Ogawa, Makoto; Mouri, Keisuke; Kadowaki, Takashi; Ohe, Kazuhiko

2015-05-01

Diabetes self-management education is an essential element of diabetes care. Systems based on information and communication technology (ICT) for supporting lifestyle modification and self-management of diabetes are promising tools for helping patients better cope with diabetes. An earlier study had determined that diet improved and HbA1c declined for the patients who had used DialBetics during a 3-month randomized clinical trial. The objective of the current study was to test a more patient-friendly version of DialBetics, whose development was based on the original participants' feedback about the previous version of DialBetics. DialBetics comprises 4 modules: data transmission, evaluation, exercise input, and food recording and dietary evaluation. Food recording uses a multimedia food record, FoodLog. A 1-week pilot study was designed to determine if usability and compliance improved over the previous version, especially with the new meal-input function. In the earlier 3-month, diet-evaluation study, HbA1c had declined a significant 0.4% among those who used DialBetics compared with the control group. In the current 1-week study, input of meal photos was higher than with the previous version (84.8 ± 13.2% vs 77.1% ± 35.1% in the first 2 weeks of the 3-month trial). Interviews after the 1-week study showed that 4 of the 5 participants thought the meal-input function improved; the fifth found input easier, but did not consider the result an improvement. DialBetics with FoodLog was shown to be an effective and convenient tool, its new meal-photo input function helping provide patients with real-time support for diet modification. © 2015 Diabetes Technology Society.

Clinical use of regional Tc-99m-HMPAO uptake in dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). Klinische Wertigkeit des regionalen [sup 99m]Tc-HMPAO Uptake bei der Demenz vom Alzheimer-Typ (DAT)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gebhardt, U [Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, TU Muenchen (Germany); Schmauss, F [Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, TU Muenchen (Germany); Wagner-Manslau, C [Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, TU Muenchen (Germany); Buttermann, G [Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, TU Muenchen (Germany); Zimmer, R [Psychiatrische Klinik, TU Muenchen (Germany)

1993-12-01

In 46 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was compared with cognitive performance (MMSE, CAMCOG). The cortico-cerebellar ratio (CCR), determined by [sup 99m]Tc-HMPAO-SPECT was used as a rCBF-equivalent. In the mild demented group we found a bilateral CCR-reduction parietal posterior, in moderate DAT bilateral temporoparietal and leftsided frontolateral defects were seen. Severe DAT showed an additional perfusion decrease mid frontal. With increasing severity of DAT an asymmetric perfusion occurred in 17/46 patients with accentuated CCR-reduction on the left side (temporal>parietal). High correlations between CCR and MMSE (r[>=]0.70) existed frontolateral, temporal and parietal in the left hemisphere. Significant associations between CCR and CAMCOG were obtained for language in the left temporal posterior region (r=0.64), for memory task left temporal anterior (r=0.59) and for praxis left parietal posterior (r=0.55). In detecting rCBF abnormalities the sensitivity for all 46 DAT patients was 91% and 70% in the mild cases. (orig.)

Evaluation of the possibility of estimating therapeutic response to Donepezil in patients with dat using ezis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Joji Kawabe; Shigeaki Higashiyama; Terue Okamura; Hiroshi Hashimoto; Hisanori Akiyama; Kouki Inoue; Nobuo Kiriike; Kenji Torii; Hirotaka Ishizu; Etsushi Kawamura; Jin Kotani; Ai Oe; Takehiro Hayashi

2004-01-01

Purpose: Donepezil hydrochloride (Donepezil) is used clinically for the symptomatic treatment of dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT). DAT is characterized by progressive impairment of cognitive function and memory. associated with loss of presynaptic cholinergic function. Cholinergic agents such as cholinesterase inhibitors or cholinergic agonists are expected to have the potential to improve these symptoms. Donepezil is a piperidine-based acetylcholinesterase and acts by blocking cholinesterase. Donepezil can improve symptoms in patients with mild-to-moderate DAT and is not effective for all patients with DAT. Side effects such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea sometimes occur with it. Estimation of therapeutic response to Donepezil before the start of treatment is anticipated. Brain perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a functional imaging diagnosis method, and decrease in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in brain regions affected by DAT is measured by SPECT. Visual diagnosis and quantitative analysis by region of interest (ROI) have been widely used as a conventional method for evaluation of brain SPECT images. ROI analysis has problems such as poor reproducibility and lack of objectivity in analysis of lesions randomly selected by operators, Recent methods of three-dimensional statistical imaging analysis such as statistical parametric mapping (SPM), three-dimensional stereotactic surface projection (3DSSP) and the easy Z-score imaging system (eZIS) have excellent in objectivity and reproducibility, due to automatic brain standardization and statistical processing of data from the entire brain. Their usefulness in detecting abnormalities in the brain of patients with DAT has been illustrated in many reports. SPM with voxel-by-voxel analysis using Student's unpaired t-test and paired t-test in the stereotactic space of the entire brain has high specificity but low sensitivity in detecting abnormalities. 3DSSP using Z-values has both

Efficient 1.6 Micron Laser Source for Methane DIAL

Science.gov (United States)

Shuman, Timothy; Burnham, Ralph; Nehrir, Amin R.; Ismail, Syed; Hair, Johnathan W.

2013-01-01

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas and on a per molecule basis has a warming influence 72 times that of carbon dioxide over a 20 year horizon. Therefore, it is important to look at near term radiative effects due to methane to develop mitigation strategies to counteract global warming trends via ground and airborne based measurements systems. These systems require the development of a time-resolved DIAL capability using a narrow-line laser source allowing observation of atmospheric methane on local, regional and global scales. In this work, a demonstrated and efficient nonlinear conversion scheme meeting the performance requirements of a deployable methane DIAL system is presented. By combining a single frequency 1064 nm pump source and a seeded KTP OPO more than 5 mJ of 1.6 µm pulse energy is generated with conversion efficiencies in excess of 20%. Even without active cavity control instrument limited linewidths (50 pm) were achieved with an estimated spectral purity of 95%. Tunable operation over 400 pm (limited by the tuning range of the seed laser) was also demonstrated. This source demonstrated the critical needs for a methane DIAL system motivating additional development of the technology.

Indoor radon and lung cancer in the radium dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neuberger, J.S.; Rundo, J.

1996-01-01

Internally deposited radium has long been known to have tumorigenic effects in the form of sarcomas of the bone and carcinomas of the paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cells. However, the radium dial workers were also exposed to radiation hazards other than that occurring from ingestion of the radium paint, viz., external gamma radiation and elevated concentrations of airborne radon. The uranium miners were also exposed to high concentrations of radon in the 1950s and later, and numerous cases of lung cancer have occurred in that population. However, unlike the atmosphere in the uranium mines, the air in the dial painting plants was probably rather clean and perhaps not much different from the air in many houses. In view of the current concern over the possibility of lung cancer fin the general population being caused by radon (progeny) in houses, it is important to examine the mortality due to this usually fatal disease in the dial workers and to attempt to relate it to their exposure to radon, to the extent that this is possible

Preschool children adapt grasping movements to upcoming object manipulations: Evidence from a dial rotation task.

Science.gov (United States)

Herbort, Oliver; Büschelberger, Juliane; Janczyk, Markus

2018-03-01

In adults, the motor plans for object-directed grasping movements reflects the anticipated requirements of intended future object manipulations. This prospective mode of planning has been termed second-order planning. Surprisingly, second-order planning is thought to be fully developed only by 10 years of age, when children master seemingly more complex motor skills. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that already 5- and 6-year-old children consistently use second-order planning but that this ability does not become apparent in tasks that are traditionally used to probe it. We asked 5- and 6-year-olds and adults to grasp and rotate a circular dial in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Although children's grasp selections were less consistent on an intra- and inter-individual level than adults' grasp selections, all children adjusted their grasps to the upcoming dial rotations. By contrast, in an also administered bar rotation task, only a subset of children adjusted their grasps to different bar rotations, thereby replicating previous results. The results indicate that 5- and 6-year-olds consistently use second-order planning in a dial rotation task, although this ability does not become apparent in bar rotation tasks. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

European multicentre database of healthy controls for [(123)I]FP-CIT SPECT (ENC-DAT)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Varrone, Andrea; Dickson, John C; Tossici-Bolt, Livia

2013-01-01

of quantification is the availability of normative data, considering possible age and gender effects on DAT availability. The aim of the European Normal Control Database of DaTSCAN (ENC-DAT) study was to generate a large database of [(123)I]FP-CIT SPECT scans in healthy controls....

Immunization with DAT fragments is associated with long-term striatal impairment, hyperactivity and reduced cognitive flexibility in mice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriani Walter

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Possible interactions between nervous and immune systems in neuro-psychiatric disorders remain elusive. Levels of brain dopamine transporter (DAT have been implicated in several impulse-control disorders, like attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD. Here, we assessed the interplay between DAT auto-immunity and behavioural / neurochemical phenotype. Methods Male CD-1 mice were immunized with DAT peptide fragments (DAT-i, or vehicle alone (VEH, to generate elevated circulating levels of DAT auto-antibodies (aAbs. Using an operant delay-of-reward task (20 min daily sessions; timeout 25 sec, mice had a choice between either an immediate small amount of food (SS, or a larger amount of food after a delay (LL, which increased progressively across sessions (from 0 to 150 sec. Results DAT-i mice exhibited spontaneous hyperactivity (2 h-longer wake-up peak; a wake-up attempt during rest. Two sub-populations differing in behavioural flexibility were identified in the VEH control group: they showed either a clear-cut decision to select LL or clear-cut shifting towards SS, as expected. Compared to VEH controls, choice-behaviour profile of DAT-i mice was markedly disturbed, together with long-lasting alterations of the striatal monoamines. Enhanced levels of DA metabolite HVA in DAT-i mice came along with slower acquisition of basal preferences and with impaired shifting; elevation also in DOPAC levels was associated with incapacity to change a rigid selection strategy. This scarce flexibility of performance is indicative of a poor adaptation to task contingencies. Conclusions Hyperactivity and reduced cognitive flexibility are patterns of behaviour consistent with enduring functional impairment of striatal regions. It is yet unclear how anti-DAT antibodies could enter or otherwise affect these brain areas, and which alterations in DAT activity exactly occurred after immunization

Promoter Methylation and BDNF and DAT1 Gene Expression Profiles in Patients with Drug Addiction.

Science.gov (United States)

Kordi-Tamandani, Dor Mohammad; Tajoddini, Shahrad; Salimi, Farzaneh

2015-01-01

Drug addiction is a brain disorder that has negative consequences for individuals and society. Addictions are chronic relapsing diseases of the brain that are caused by direct drug-induced effects and persevering neuroadaptations at the epigenetic, neuropeptide and neurotransmitter levels. Because the dopaminergic system has a significant role in drug abuse, the purpose of this study was to analyze the methylation and expression profile of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dopamine transporter (DAT1) genes in individuals with drug addiction. BDNF and DAT1 promoter methylation were investigated with a methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in blood samples from 75 individuals with drug addiction and 65 healthy controls. The expression levels of BDNF and DAT1 were assessed in 12 mRNA samples from the blood of patients and compared to the samples of healthy controls (n = 12) with real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. No significant differences were found in the methylation of BDNF and DAT1 between patients and controls, but the relative levels of expression of BDNF and DAT1 mRNA differed significantly in the patients compared to controls (p drug addiction.

Inzicht in beslisgedrag maakt dat meer burgers meedoen

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kerstholt, J.H.

2014-01-01

Participatiesamenleving Inzicht in beslisgedrag maakt dat meer burgers meedoen Waar was de bank van de dode buurvrouw? De sekte van de burgerkracht Al het werk is zingevend, ook het vrijwillige De ondernemende burger rukt op, schort het oordeel even op Blij met het luide debat over de

SGNucDat. Safeguards nuclear data for windows. Summary documentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lemmel, H.D.; Schwerer, O.

1996-01-01

SGNucDat is a PC code displaying recommended values of nuclear data that are required for nuclear materials analyses by IAEA safeguards. Diskette and report available from the IAEA Nuclear Data Section, costfree upon request. (author)

Minimum Makespan Multi-vehicle Dial-a-Ride

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gørtz, Inge Li; Nagarajan, Viswanath; Ravi, R.

2009-01-01

be left at intermediate vertices and transported by more than one vehicle, while being moved from source to destination. Approximation algorithms for the single vehicle Dial-a-Ride problem (q = 1) have been considered in [3,10]. Our main results are an O(log3n)-approximation algorithm for preemptive multi...

Clinical use of regional Tc-99m-HMPAO uptake in dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gebhardt, U.; Schmauss, F.; Wagner-Manslau, C.; Buttermann, G.; Zimmer, R.

1993-01-01

In 46 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was compared with cognitive performance (MMSE, CAMCOG). The cortico-cerebellar ratio (CCR), determined by 99m Tc-HMPAO-SPECT was used as a rCBF-equivalent. In the mild demented group we found a bilateral CCR-reduction parietal posterior, in moderate DAT bilateral temporoparietal and leftsided frontolateral defects were seen. Severe DAT showed an additional perfusion decrease mid frontal. With increasing severity of DAT an asymmetric perfusion occurred in 17/46 patients with accentuated CCR-reduction on the left side (temporal>parietal). High correlations between CCR and MMSE (r≥0.70) existed frontolateral, temporal and parietal in the left hemisphere. Significant associations between CCR and CAMCOG were obtained for language in the left temporal posterior region (r=0.64), for memory task left temporal anterior (r=0.59) and for praxis left parietal posterior (r=0.55). In detecting rCBF abnormalities the sensitivity for all 46 DAT patients was 91% and 70% in the mild cases. (orig.) [de

A survey on draught animal technology (DAT) in EN-Nhoud area, North Kordofan State, Sudan.

Science.gov (United States)

Makki, Elsamawal Khalil; Musa, Ezdehar Omer Mohammed

2011-06-01

Draught animal technology (DAT) can potentially play a central role in agriculture transformation for traditional farmers. This study surveyed the state of DAT in En-Nhoud area, North Kordofan State, Sudan in an attempt to have a clear view of the changes brought about by introducing the technology. The study followed the cross-sectional survey design. Farmers were selected from ten clusters (villages) and data were collected using questionnaires and face to face interviews with farmers in addition to group discussions with them and the different actors in the field. The results showed that farmers appreciate the role played by DAT, but they highlighted the need for further capacity building and technical backup. Harnessing issues are not well understood and applied by the farmers. The different actors involved in DAT in the area lack networking and coordination, and this reflected on the many problems and constraints faced by the farmers.

Emerging solid-state laser technology by lidar/DIAL remote sensing

Science.gov (United States)

Killinger, Dennis

1992-01-01

Significant progress has been made in recent years in the development of new, solid-state laser sources. This talk will present an overview of some of the new developments in solid-state lasers, and their application toward lidar/DIAL measurements of the atmosphere. Newly emerging lasers such as Ho:YAG, Tm:YAG, OPO, and Ti:Sapphire will be covered, along with the spectroscopic parameters required for differential operational modes of atmospheric remote sensing including Doppler-Windshear lidar, Tunable laser detection of water/CO2, and broad linewidth OPO's for open path detection of pollutant hydrocarbon gases. Additional considerations of emerging laser technology for lidar/DIAL will also be covered.

Terapia conductual dialéctica

OpenAIRE

Gempeler, Juanita

2008-01-01

Introducción: Un importante aporte de la terapia cognoscitivo-comportamental al área clínica es la terapia conductual dialéctica (TCD), desarrollada a finales de los años noventa por la psiquiatra Marsha Linehan, como respuesta a las dificultades en el tratamiento del trastorno de personalidad limítrofe (TPL). Se destaca su carácter integrador, pues se basa en principios conductuales y cognoscitivos e incorpora elementos del zen. Es un tratamiento desarrollado y evaluado con mujeres que no só...

Sturen op geluk: is dat mogelijk en wenselijk?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

R. Veenhoven (Ruut)

2012-01-01

textabstractHet idee dat de overheid zou moeten sturen op geluk is meer dan 200 jaar geleden al bepleit door Jeremy Bentham (1789). Volgens hem moeten wij streven naar groter geluk voor een groter aantal mensen, ook bij het maken van publieke keuzen. Dit heet in het filosofenjargon ‘politiek

Interaction of Dopamine Transporter (DAT1) Genotype and Maltreatment for ADHD: A Latent Class Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Li, James J.; Lee, Steve S.

2012-01-01

Background: Although the association of the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been widely studied, far less is known about its potential interaction with environmental risk factors. Given that maltreatment is a replicated risk factor for ADHD, we explored the interaction between DAT1 and…

SunDial: embodied informal science education using GPS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Megan K. Halpern

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Science centers serve a number of goals for visitors, ideally providing experiences that are educational, social, and meaningful. This paper describes SunDial, a handheld application developed for families to use at a science center. Inspired by the idea of geocaching, the high-tech treasure hunting game that utilizes GPS technologies, SunDial asks families to use a single handheld device to locate and participate in a series of learning modules around the museum. Observations of 10 families suggest that it supports rich informal science education experiences, provides insights about families’ interaction patterns around and with single handheld devices, and demonstrates the value of navigation as an educational experience. Further, using recently released guidelines for Informal Science Education (ISE experiences to inform the design process proved valuable, tying features of the technology to educational and social goals, and giving evidence that explicit reference to these guidelines can improve ISE experiences and technologies.

Radium dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rowland, R.E.; Lucas, H.F. Jr.

1982-01-01

The population of radium dial workers who were exposed to radium 30 to 50 years ago are currently being followed by the Center for Human Radiobiology at the Argonne National Laboratory. It is not clear that radium has induced additional malignancies in this population, other than the well-known bone sarcomas and head carcinomas, but elevated incidence rates for multiple myeloma and cancers of the colon, rectum, stomach, and breast suggest that radium might be involved. Continued follow-up of this population may resolve these questions. Finally, the question of the effect of fetal irradiation on the offspring of these women remains to be resolved. No evidence exists to suggest that any effects have occurred, but there is no question that a chronic irradiation of the developing fetus did take place. No formal follow-up of these children has yet been initiated

Geochemical characterization of mid-distal Nisyros tephra on Datça peninsula (southwestern Anatolia)

Science.gov (United States)

Gençalioğlu-Kuşcu, Gonca; Uslular, Göksu

2018-04-01

We present new distal records of tephra deposits that overly the Kos ignimbrite in seven locations of Datça peninsula. Tephra in one of these locations were previously associated with Nisyros Kyra sub-unit based only on the field characteristics. We use different proxies such as field observations, petrography, mineral, glass, and whole-rock chemistry in order to characterize and correlate the previously and recently identified pumice fall deposits on Datça. The total thickness of the fall deposit reaches to 3.5 m. The size of the pumice clasts is generally within the range of lapilli, and they have vitrophyric texture consisting mainly of plagioclase (andesine to labradorite) with scarce clinopyroxene (diopside to augite), olivine (Fo48-50), amphibole (magnesio-hastingsite), and biotite crystals. Amphibole is a ubiquitous phenocryst in all Datça tephra units and used as a criterion for the correlation. Glass major element analyses by EMPA reveal two different groups with andesitic and dacitic compositions. Difference in silica content (up to ca. 4 wt%) detected in the same specimen also designates the heterogeneity in pumice glass. This heterogeneity in glass composition is also supported by the frequent occurrence of banded pumice clasts in Datça tephra. Whole-rock composition of the pumice is mainly andesitic with calc-alkaline affinity. Multi-element patterns on primitive-mantle normalized diagram display typical arc-magmatism signature (i.e. depletion in Nb, Ta, Ti, and P). In order to check and eliminate the potential alternatives, we compared the distal deposits on Datça not only with Kyra, but also with other Nisyros tephra units. Yet, Kyra is the only unit that has comparable depositional characteristics, calcic amphibole crystals, andesitic-dacitic glass and whole-rock chemistry, and distal tephra deposits on neighboring islands (Tilos and Chalki). Therefore, we associate Datça tephra deposits with some proximal Kyra subunits of intermediate

The rare DAT coding variant Val559 perturbs DA neuron function, changes behavior, and alters in vivo responses to psychostimulants.

Science.gov (United States)

Mergy, Marc A; Gowrishankar, Raajaram; Gresch, Paul J; Gantz, Stephanie C; Williams, John; Davis, Gwynne L; Wheeler, C Austin; Stanwood, Gregg D; Hahn, Maureen K; Blakely, Randy D

2014-11-04

Despite the critical role of the presynaptic dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT, SLC6A3) in DA clearance and psychostimulant responses, evidence that DAT dysfunction supports risk for mental illness is indirect. Recently, we identified a rare, nonsynonymous Slc6a3 variant that produces the DAT substitution Ala559Val in two male siblings who share a diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with other studies identifying the variant in subjects with bipolar disorder (BPD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previously, using transfected cell studies, we observed that although DAT Val559 displays normal total and surface DAT protein levels, and normal DA recognition and uptake, the variant transporter exhibits anomalous DA efflux (ADE) and lacks capacity for amphetamine (AMPH)-stimulated DA release. To pursue the significance of these findings in vivo, we engineered DAT Val559 knock-in mice, and here we demonstrate in this model the presence of elevated extracellular DA levels, altered somatodendritic and presynaptic D2 DA receptor (D2R) function, a blunted ability of DA terminals to support depolarization and AMPH-evoked DA release, and disruptions in basal and psychostimulant-evoked locomotor behavior. Together, our studies demonstrate an in vivo functional impact of the DAT Val559 variant, providing support for the ability of DAT dysfunction to impact risk for mental illness.

Breast cancer in female radium dial workers first employed before 1930

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adams, E.E.; Brues, A.M.

1980-01-01

Female radium dial workers first employed before 1930 were analyzed for breast cancer mortality and incidence using method and rate tables described by Monson and the Mantel-Haenszel summary chi-square test for significance. Of 1180 located women, 736 were measured to estimate radium intake. This measured group was analyzed for breast cancer mortality and incidence according to four possible risk factors: radium intake dose, duration of employment, age at first exposure, and parity. The measured women showed a significant excess of breast cancer incidence and mortality only among those women with a radium intake of 50 μCi or greater

Development of an Airborne Micropulse Water Vapor DIAL

Science.gov (United States)

Nehrir, A. R.; Ismail, S.

2012-12-01

Water vapor plays a key role in many atmospheric processes affecting both weather and climate. Airborne measurements of tropospheric water vapor profiles have been a longstanding observational need to not only the active remote sensing community but also to the meteorological, weather forecasting, and climate/radiation science communities. Microscale measurements of tropospheric water vapor are important for enhancing near term meteorological forecasting capabilities while mesoscale and synopticscale measurements can lead to an enhanced understanding of the complex coupled feedback mechanisms between water vapor, temperature, aerosols, and clouds. To realize tropospheric measurements of water vapor profiles over the microscale-synopticscale areas of meteorological interest, a compact and cost effective airborne micropulse differential absorption lidar (DIAL) is being investigated using newly emerging semiconductor based laser technology. Ground based micropulse DIAL (MPD) measurements of tropospheric water vapor and aerosol profiles up to 6 km and 15 km, respectively, have been previously demonstrated using an all semiconductor based laser transmitter. The DIAL transmitter utilizes a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) configuration where two semiconductor seed lasers are used to seed a single pass traveling wave tapered semiconductor optical amplifier (TSOA), producing up to 7μJ pulse energies over a 1 μs pulse duration at a 10 kHz pulse repetition frequency (PRF). Intercomparisons between the ground based instrument measurements and radiosonde profiles demonstrating the MPD performance under varying atmospheric conditions will be presented. Work is currently ongoing to expand upon the ground based MPD concept and to develop a compact and cost effective system capable of deployment on a mid-low altitude aircraft such as the NASA Langley B200 King Air. Initial lab experiments show that a two-three fold increase in the laser energy compared to the ground

Development of differential absorption lidar (DIAL) for detection of CO2, CH4 and PM in Alberta

Science.gov (United States)

Wojcik, Michael; Crowther, Blake; Lemon, Robert; Valupadas, Prasad; Fu, Long; Leung, Bonnie; Yang, Zheng; Huda, Quamrul; Chambers, Allan

2005-05-01

Rapid expansion of the oil and gas industry in Alberta, including the oil sands, has challenged the Alberta Government to keep pace in its efforts to monitor and mitigate the environmental impacts of development. The limitations of current monitoring systems has pushed the provincial government to seek out advanced sensing technologies such as satellite imagery and laser based sensors. The Space Dynamics Laboratory (SDL) of Utah State University, in cooperation with Alberta Environmental Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting Agency (AEMERA), has developed North America's first mobile differential absorption lidar (DIAL) system designed specifically for emissions measurement. This instrument is housed inside a 36' trailer which allows for mobility to travel across Alberta to characterize source emissions and to locate fugitive leaks. DIAL is capable of measuring concentrations for carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) at ranges of up to 3 km with a spatial resolution of 10 meters. DIAL can map both CO2 and CH4, as well as particulate matter (PM) in a linear fashion; by scanning the laser beam in both azimuth and elevation DIAL can create images of emissions in two dimensions. DIAL imagery may be used to understand and control production practices, characterize source emissions, determine emission factors, locate fugitive leaks, assess plume dispersion, and confirm air dispersion modeling. A system overview of the DIAL instrument and some representative results will be discussed.

Henri Walon: por uma teoria dialética na educação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Inês Naujorks

2000-04-01

Full Text Available O texto aborda as principais idéias desenvolvidas por Henri Wallon. Tendo como método o materialismo dialético, seu projeto foi o de formular uma "ciência do homem". Para o autor o desenvolvimento é a síntese dialética do biológico e do social e só pode ser entendido à luz das contradições de um processo que se estende por toda vida toda.

WebDat: bridging the gap between unstructured and structured data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nogiec, Jerzy M.; Trombly-Freytag, Kelley; Carcagno, Ruben

2008-01-01

Accelerator R and D environments produce data characterized by different levels of organization. Whereas some systems produce repetitively predictable and standardized structured data, others may produce data of unknown or changing structure. In addition, structured data, typically sets of numeric values, are frequently logically connected with unstructured content (e.g., images, graphs, comments). Despite these different characteristics, a coherent, organized and integrated view of all information is sought out. WebDat is a system conceived as a result of efforts in this direction. It provides a uniform and searchable view of structured and unstructured data via common metadata, regardless of the repository used (DBMS or file system). It also allows for processing data and creating interactive reports. WebDat supports metadata management, administration, data and content access, application integration via Web services, and Web-based collaborative analysis

WebDat: bridging the gap between unstructured and structured data

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nogiec, Jerzy M.; Trombly-Freytag, Kelley; Carcagno, Ruben; /Fermilab

2008-11-01

Accelerator R&D environments produce data characterized by different levels of organization. Whereas some systems produce repetitively predictable and standardized structured data, others may produce data of unknown or changing structure. In addition, structured data, typically sets of numeric values, are frequently logically connected with unstructured content (e.g., images, graphs, comments). Despite these different characteristics, a coherent, organized and integrated view of all information is sought out. WebDat is a system conceived as a result of efforts in this direction. It provides a uniform and searchable view of structured and unstructured data via common metadata, regardless of the repository used (DBMS or file system). It also allows for processing data and creating interactive reports. WebDat supports metadata management, administration, data and content access, application integration via Web services, and Web-based collaborative analysis.

NuDat system for access to nuclear data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dunford, C.L.; Kinsey, R.R.

1998-01-01

The NuDat program provides a user with access to nuclear properties and to some nuclear reaction data. The program operates on DEC VMS operating systems and on PC's with Microsoft operating systems. The program has four user interfaces, all having the same content and functionality. These interfaces are Web, Video and Sequential for VMS. The PC interface is identical to the VMS Video interface. Forms are used to supply the type of data the user desires, the retrieval parameters, the output format, and the sort order of the data. The program and associated database is used in basic research, particularly for the systematic study of nuclear properties. It is also a useful tool for applied research to identify radiations from radionuclides contained in environmental samples, or from those produced by neutron or charged particle activation. The NuDat database is derived from several databases maintained by the National Nuclear Data Center. The databases are the Adopted Levels and Gammas data sets from ENSDF, the Nuclear Wallet Cards, Decay Radiations derived from ENSDF decay data sets processed by RADLIST, and Thermal Neutron Cross Sections

Carbon-11-labelling of a novel, trishomocubane-derived, high affinity and selectivity DAT ligand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dolle, F.; Le Helleix, St.; Peyronneau, M.A.; Saba, W.; Tournier, N.; Valette, H.; Banister, S.; Kassiou, M.

2011-01-01

Complete text of publication follows: Objectives: Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, attention deficit disorder and drug abuse are related to abnormalities within the brain's dopaminergic system. The neuronal dopamine transporter (DAT) plays a key role in regulating the synaptic concentration of dopamine and thus dopamine neurotransmission in the brain. Since the DAT can be considered as a marker of the integrity and number of the presynaptic striatal dopamine-producing neurons, considerable efforts have been spent in recent years on the design and development of DAT-selective radioligands for use in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies. Notably, the tropane PE2I and its fluorinated analogue LBT-999 were identified as having high affinity and selectivity for the DAT over the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and the serotonin transporter (SERT). Besides tropanes, only a few bicyclic frameworks, e.g. bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes, have delivered compounds with high affinity for the DAT. Recently, novel poly-carbocyclic DAT ligands with selectivity over the NET and the SERT were reported. The lead compound of this series (1, N-methyl-N-(3-fluoro) benzyl-pentacyclo[5.4.0.0 2, 6 .0 3, 10 .0 5, 9 ] undec-8-ylamine, Ki = 1.2 nM, ≥ 8300-fold selectivity over NET and SERT) was selected as a potential candidate for imaging the DAT with PET and isotopically labelled with carbon-11 using [ 11 C]methyl triflate. Methods: The trishomocubane derivatives 1 (reference) and 2 (precursor for labelling with carbon-11) were prepared from commercially available Cookson's diketone in 6 and 7 steps, respectively. Carbon-11 labelling of 1 was performed using a TRACERLab FX-C Pro synthesizer (GEMS) and comprises (1) trapping at -10 C of [ 11 C]MeOTf in acetone (0.4 mL) containing the nor-derivative 2 (0.6-0.9 mg, free base) and aq. 3N NaOH (8 μL); (2) heating at 110 C for 2 min; (3) concentration to dryness and taking up the residue in 1.0 mL of the HPLC mobile phase; (4) purification

A genetic-demographic approach reveals a gender-specific association of SLC6A3/DAT1 40 bp-VNTR with life-expectancy.

Science.gov (United States)

Hadi, Fazal; Dato, Serena; Carpi, Francesco M; Prontera, Paolo; Crucianelli, Francesca; Renda, Federica; Passarino, Giuseppe; Napolioni, Valerio

2015-06-01

Several recent lines of evidence are proving an important role for dopamine in the aging process and in the determination of life span. Components of the dopaminergic system may represent good candidates for longevity studies. Herein, we tested the possible association of the functional SLC6A3/DAT1 40-bp VNTR with life-expectancy in a healthy population of Central Italy (N = 993) by applying a genetic-demographic approach that takes into account the demographic information and different survival rates between sexes for modeling the survival of specific allele carriers in the population. Male carriers of S*/S* genotype showed a lower survival chance across most of the lifespan respect to the survival of DAT1*L-carriers (P = 0.021). The same analyses gave non-significant results in females. Several studies already reported significant sex differences in dopamine metabolism and its related biological pathways. Thus, we can hypothesize that the SLC6A3/DAT1 40 bp-VNTR may affect life expectancy in a sex-specific way. Moreover, it is conceivable that DAT1 S*/S* carriers, who are prone to assume "risk" type behaviors, may be dropped out of the "healthy" population by a sort of "demographic selection".

On-line single server dial-a-ride problems

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Feuerstein, E.; Stougie, L.

1998-01-01

In this paper results on the dial-a-ride problem with a single server are presented. Requests for rides consist of two points in a metric space, a source and a destination. A ride has to be made by the server from the source to the destination. The server travels at unit speed in the metric space

S-phenylpiracetam, a selective DAT inhibitor, reduces body weight gain without influencing locomotor activity.

Science.gov (United States)

Zvejniece, Liga; Svalbe, Baiba; Vavers, Edijs; Makrecka-Kuka, Marina; Makarova, Elina; Liepins, Vilnis; Kalvinsh, Ivars; Liepinsh, Edgars; Dambrova, Maija

2017-09-01

S-phenylpiracetam is an optical isomer of phenotropil, which is a clinically used nootropic drug that improves physical condition and cognition. Recently, it was shown that S-phenylpiracetam is a selective dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitor that does not influence norepinephrine (NE) or serotonin (5-HT) receptors. The aim of the present study was to study the effects of S-phenylpiracetam treatment on body weight gain, blood glucose and leptin levels, and locomotor activity. Western diet (WD)-fed mice and obese Zucker rats were treated daily with peroral administration of S-phenylpiracetam for 8 and 12weeks, respectively. Weight gain and plasma metabolites reflecting glucose metabolism were measured. Locomotor activity was detected in an open-field test. S-phenylpiracetam treatment significantly decreased body weight gain and fat mass increase in the obese Zucker rats and in the WD-fed mice. In addition, S-phenylpiracetam reduced the plasma glucose and leptin concentration and lowered hyperglycemia in a glucose tolerance test in both the mice and the rats. S-phenylpiracetam did not influence locomotor activity in the obese Zucker rats or in the WD-fed mice. The results demonstrate that S-phenylpiracetam reduces body weight gain and improves adaptation to hyperglycemia without stimulating locomotor activity. Our findings suggest that selective DAT inhibitors, such as S-phenylpiracetam, could be potentially useful for treating obesity in patients with metabolic syndrome with fewer adverse health consequences compared to other anorectic agents. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Metaheuristics for the dynamic stochastic dial-a-ride problem with expected return transports.

Science.gov (United States)

Schilde, M; Doerner, K F; Hartl, R F

2011-12-01

The problem of transporting patients or elderly people has been widely studied in literature and is usually modeled as a dial-a-ride problem (DARP). In this paper we analyze the corresponding problem arising in the daily operation of the Austrian Red Cross. This nongovernmental organization is the largest organization performing patient transportation in Austria. The aim is to design vehicle routes to serve partially dynamic transportation requests using a fixed vehicle fleet. Each request requires transportation from a patient's home location to a hospital (outbound request) or back home from the hospital (inbound request). Some of these requests are known in advance. Some requests are dynamic in the sense that they appear during the day without any prior information. Finally, some inbound requests are stochastic. More precisely, with a certain probability each outbound request causes a corresponding inbound request on the same day. Some stochastic information about these return transports is available from historical data. The purpose of this study is to investigate, whether using this information in designing the routes has a significant positive effect on the solution quality. The problem is modeled as a dynamic stochastic dial-a-ride problem with expected return transports. We propose four different modifications of metaheuristic solution approaches for this problem. In detail, we test dynamic versions of variable neighborhood search (VNS) and stochastic VNS (S-VNS) as well as modified versions of the multiple plan approach (MPA) and the multiple scenario approach (MSA). Tests are performed using 12 sets of test instances based on a real road network. Various demand scenarios are generated based on the available real data. Results show that using the stochastic information on return transports leads to average improvements of around 15%. Moreover, improvements of up to 41% can be achieved for some test instances.

Effects of hypoxic–ischemic brain injury on striatal dopamine transporter in newborn piglets: evaluation of 11C-CFT PET/CT for DAT quantification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Yanfen; Wang Xiaoyu; Cao Li; Guo Qiyong; Wang Xiaoming

2011-01-01

Introduction: Alterations of dopamine in striatal presynaptic terminals play an important role in the hypoxic–ischemic (HI) brain injury. Quantification of DAT levels in the presynaptic site using 11 C-N-2-carbomethoxy-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-tropane ( 11 C-CFT) with positron emission tomography (PET) was applied in studies for Parkinson's disease. The current study investigated the changes in striatal DAT following HI brain injury in newborn piglets using 11 C-CFT PET. Methods: Newborn piglets were subjected to occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries for 30 min and simultaneous peripheral hypoxia. Brain DAT imaging was performed using PET/CT with 11 C-CFT as the probe in each group (including the control group and HI insult groups). Brain tissues were collected for DAT immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis at each time point post the PET/CT procedure. Sham controls had some operation without HI procedure. Results: A few minutes after intravenous injection of 11 C-CFT, radioactive signals for DAT clearly appeared in the cortical area, striatum and cerebellum of newborn piglets of sham control group and HI insult groups. HI brain insult markedly increased striatal DAT at an early period (P 11 C-CFT PET imaging data and IHC DAT staining data were highly correlated (r=0.844, P 11 C-CFT PET/CT imaging data reflected the dynamic changes of DAT in the striatum in vivo.

Utility of the combination of DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shimizu, Soichiro; Hirao, Kentaro; Kanetaka, Hidekazu; Namioka, Nayuta; Hatanaka, Hirokuni; Hirose, Daisuke; Fukasawa, Raita; Umahara, Takahiko; Sakurai, Hirohumi; Hanyu, Haruo

2016-01-01

123 I-2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl) nortropane ( 123 I-FP-CIT) dopamine transporter single photon emission computed tomography (DAT SPECT) and 123 I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy can be used to assist in the diagnosis of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We compared the diagnostic value of these two methods in differentiating DLB from Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, we evaluated whether a combination of DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy would provide a more useful means of differentiating between DLB and AD. Patients with AD (n = 57) and patients with DLB (n = 76) who underwent both DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy were enrolled. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of both methods as well as their combination for differentiating DLB from AD were calculated. Moreover, we examined whether symptoms of the patients with DLB were associated with the patterns of the abnormalities displayed on DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy. The sensitivity and specificity of differentiating DLB from AD were 72.4 and 94.4 % by the heart to mediastinum ratio of MIBG uptake, 88.2 and 88.9 % by the specific binding ratio on DAT SPECT, and 96.1 and 90.7 % by their combination, respectively. The combined use of DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy enabled more accurate differentiation between DLB and AD compared with either DAT SPECT or MIBG myocardial scintigraphy alone. There was a significantly higher frequency of parkinsonism in the abnormal DAT SPECT group than the normal DAT SPECT group. On the other hand, there was a higher frequency of the appearance of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder in the abnormal MIBG uptake group than the normal MIBG uptake group. These results suggested that using a combination of these scintigraphic methods is a useful and practical approach to differentiate DLB from AD. (orig.)

A Survey to Determine the Reliability of Dynamometer and Pinch Gauge Dial Readings Among Certified Hand Therapists

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Theodore I. King II, Ph.D, L.Ac.

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Using a cross-sectional descriptive study design, surveys were mailed to 200 randomly selected certified hand therapists of the American Society of Hand Therapists (ASHT to determine how they document analog dynamometer and pinch gauge dial readings. Three different needle settings for the dynamometer and pinch gauge were presented in picture format. For each instrument, one needle setting was just above a gauge marker, one was just below a gauge marker, and one was set exactly between two gauge markers. A total of 126out of 200 surveys were returned for a participation rate of 63%. For the dynamometer readings, therapists estimated the exact strength reading between the two gauge markers 78.3% of the time. For the pinch gauge readings, therapists rounded to the nearest dial marker 76.5% of the time when the needle was just above or just below a dial marker and 61.9% of the time they estimated the reading when the needle was placed exactly between two dial markers.

An Introduction to the DA-T Gibbs Sampler for the Two-Parameter Logistic (2PL Model and Beyond

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gunter Maris

2005-01-01

Full Text Available The DA-T Gibbs sampler is proposed by Maris and Maris (2002 as a Bayesian estimation method for a wide variety of Item Response Theory (IRT models. The present paper provides an expository account of the DAT Gibbs sampler for the 2PL model. However, the scope is not limited to the 2PL model. It is demonstrated how the DA-T Gibbs sampler for the 2PL may be used to build, quite easily, Gibbs samplers for other IRT models. Furthermore, the paper contains a novel, intuitive derivation of the Gibbs sampler and could be read for a graduate course on sampling.

A dialética do método da economia política na introdução aos Grundrisse

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Cláudio Gontijo

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo procura examinar, ainda que de forma sintética, a Introdução aos Grundrisse, cotejando-a não apenas com outros textos de Marx, mas também com Hegel, de forma a esclarecer alguns dos aspectos essenciais da dialética marxista. Em particular, discute-se a dicotomia método de pesquisa x método de exposição; a differentia specifica da dialética hegeliano-marxista em relação à lógica aristotélica; a questão da forma e conteúdo; as relações entre entendimento e razão dialética e entre o silogismo formal e o silogismo dialético; a crítica marxista do idealismo hegeliano; as razões pelas quais "a anatomia do homem é a chave da anatomia do macaco"; assim como as limitações da Introdução aos Grundrisse, em face de outras dimensões da dialética marxista.

Ensino e aprendizagem como unidade dialética na atividade pedagógica

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Maria Eliza Mattosinho Bernardes

Full Text Available Considerar a atividade pedagógica como unidade dialética requer que sejam investigadas as condições e circunstâncias que tornam possível tal objetivação e as especificidades da mesma a partir do materialismo histórico dialético, da psicologia histórico-cultural e da teoria da atividade. Concebe-se que a correspondência entre motivos/necessidades, objetivos, ações e operações nas atividades principais dos estudantes e dos educadores cria situações favoráveis para que ocorra a aprendizagem consciente. Tal fato é dependente da consciência da função ontológica do educador e do estudante como sujeitos ativos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Considera-se ser possível conceber a unidade dialética desde que a mesma represente uma das condições para a superação das características do sistema educacional vigente, por caracterizar-se a atividade material do homem como a que transforma o mundo material e social em mundo humano.

CO2 DIAL system: construction, measurements, and future development

Science.gov (United States)

Vicenik, Jiri

1999-07-01

A miniature CO2 DIAL system has been constructed. Dimension of the system are 500 X 450 X 240 mm, its mass is only 28 kg. The system consists of two tunable TEA CO2 lasers, receiving optics, IR detector, signal processing electronics and single chip microcomputer with display. The lasers are tuned manually by means of micrometric screw and are capable to generate pulses on more than 50 CO2 laser lines. The output energy is 50 mJ. The system was tested using various toxic gases and simulants, mostly at range 300 m, most of the measurements were done using pyrodetector in the receiver. The system shows good sensitivity, but it exhibits substantial instability of zero concentration. In the next stage the work will be concentrated on use of high-sensitivity MCT detector in the receiver and implementation of automatic tuning of lasers to the system.

Dolování dat

OpenAIRE

Stehno, David

2013-01-01

Cílem diplomové práce bylo nastudovat a popsat metodologii dolování dat CRISP-DM. Ze získané databáze byla prováděna predikce počtu hovorů na call centrum, přičemž bylo postupováno podle metodiky CRISP-DM. Ve fázi modelování byly použity 4 druhy modelů a to K-NN, neuronová síť, lineární regrese a model využívající metodu podpůrných vektorů. Pomocí různých druhů selekcí bylo zhodnoceno, které vstupní atributy mají důležitou roli pro výslednou predikci. Získané výsledky a poznatky mohou v budou...

Breast cancer in female radium dial workers first employed before 1930

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adams, E.E.; Brues, A.M.

1982-01-01

Female radium dial workers first employed before 1930 were analyzed for breast cancer mortality and incidence using method and rate tables described by Manson and the Mantel-Haenszel summary chi-square test for significance. Of 1180 located women, 736 were measured to estimate radium intake. This measured group was analyzed for breast cancer mortality and incidence according to four possible risk factors: radium intake dose, duration of employment, age at first exposure, and parity. The located women had a mortality ratio of 1.51 (p < 0.05). The measured women showed a significant excess of breast cancer incidence and mortality only among those women with a radium intake of 50 μCi or greater. Although not significant, incidence and mortality ratios were slightly higher for nulliparous women

Solid State Transmitters for Water Vapor and Ozone DIAL Systems, Phase II

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The focus of this Select Phase II program is to build and deliver laser components both for airborne water vapor and ozone DIAL systems. Specifically, Fibertek...

Utility of the combination of DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimizu, Soichiro; Hirao, Kentaro; Kanetaka, Hidekazu; Namioka, Nayuta; Hatanaka, Hirokuni; Hirose, Daisuke; Fukasawa, Raita; Umahara, Takahiko; Sakurai, Hirohumi; Hanyu, Haruo [Tokyo Medical University, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo (Japan)

2016-01-15

{sup 123}I-2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl) nortropane ({sup 123}I-FP-CIT) dopamine transporter single photon emission computed tomography (DAT SPECT) and {sup 123}I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy can be used to assist in the diagnosis of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We compared the diagnostic value of these two methods in differentiating DLB from Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, we evaluated whether a combination of DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy would provide a more useful means of differentiating between DLB and AD. Patients with AD (n = 57) and patients with DLB (n = 76) who underwent both DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy were enrolled. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of both methods as well as their combination for differentiating DLB from AD were calculated. Moreover, we examined whether symptoms of the patients with DLB were associated with the patterns of the abnormalities displayed on DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy. The sensitivity and specificity of differentiating DLB from AD were 72.4 and 94.4 % by the heart to mediastinum ratio of MIBG uptake, 88.2 and 88.9 % by the specific binding ratio on DAT SPECT, and 96.1 and 90.7 % by their combination, respectively. The combined use of DAT SPECT and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy enabled more accurate differentiation between DLB and AD compared with either DAT SPECT or MIBG myocardial scintigraphy alone. There was a significantly higher frequency of parkinsonism in the abnormal DAT SPECT group than the normal DAT SPECT group. On the other hand, there was a higher frequency of the appearance of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder in the abnormal MIBG uptake group than the normal MIBG uptake group. These results suggested that using a combination of these scintigraphic methods is a useful and practical approach to differentiate DLB from AD. (orig.)

Treatment and remediation of a wastewater lagoon using microelectrolysis and modified DAT/IAT methods.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Qiong; Hua, Tao; Zhou, Qixing

2011-01-01

To examine treatment and remediation of a wastewater lagoon with poor biodegradability, a typical wastewater lagoon in Tianjin, China, was treated and remedied using microelectrolysis and modified demand aeration tank (DAT)/intermittent aeration tank (IAT) methods. After pretreatment by microelectrolysis, the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was up to 64.6% and the ratio of BOC/COD in the effluent increased from 0.013 to 0.609. The removal rates of COD(Cr) and NH4(+)-N were affected by sludge backflow rate, mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), and hydraulic retention time (HRT) in the modified DAT/IAT reactor. The highest removal rates of COD(Cr) and NH4(+)-N were up to 78.9% and 62.6%, respectively, when the sludge backflow rate was 38.0 mL/min, the total HRT was 8.0 hr and MLSS was 4088.0 mg/L. In this case, some protozoa and metazoa were observed in activated sludge and biofilm carriers. Most of chrominance was removed by microelectrolysis treatment, while the modified DAT/IAT methods were more effective for COD(Cr) and NH4(+)-N removal.

Prevalence of technical mesothorium in self-luminous compounds used by New Jersey radium dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keane, A.T.; Holtzmann, R.B.; Rundo, J.

1994-01-01

Forty-five sealed glass ampoules containing samples of radium dial paint prepared by the US Radium Corporation (USRC) and used by New Jersey dial workers in the period 1915--1928, were analyzed for radium-226 and radium-228 activity by high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. Radium-228 was found to be the dominant activating agent at the probable time of use in most of the sampled paints in which the ratio of radium-228 to radium-226 activity was determinable, the calculated radium-228 to radium-226 activity ratio in 1920 in these ranging from 7.2 to 10 (median 8.4), indicating that radium element chemically separated from commercialthorium ores (technical mesothorium) was used as the activator. Published isotopic activity ratios in USRC dial-paint samples that were appreciably in excess of those we found are shown invariably to be due to errors in calculation. Our results and information in the early literature suggested the hypothesis that dial paints used at USRC before July 1919 were activated with isotopically pure radium-226 whereas compounds used thereafter until the year 1925 were activated with technical mesothorium- Isotopic activity ratios predicted by the hypothesis compared well with median ratios observed in two groups of former workers. We conclude that inaccuracies in dates of hire and termination at USRC might well be the principal source of uncertainty in estimates of skeletal dose for former workers in whom the isotopic activity ratio has not been measured

Multiple myeloma, leukemia, and breast cancer among the US radium dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stebbings, J.H.; Lucas, H.F.; Stehney, A.F.

1984-01-01

The relationships of radium exposure to mortality from multiple myeloma, leukemia, and breast cancer were studied in three cohorts of female dial workers defined by year of first employment. A three-fold excess risk of multiple myeloma occurred in the pre-1930 cohort; however, analyses of body burdens and durations of employment suggest that external radiation was more likely to have been responsible than was internal radium. Leukemia incidence and mortality have not been elevated overall among the female dial workers, either in the pre-1930 or the post-1930 cohorts, but cases have tended to occur early and in subjects with higher body burdens of radium. Extensive analyses of breast cancer data have uncovered several observations weighing against a causal interpretation of the association between radium body burdens and breast cancer

A Method Based on Dial's Algorithm for Multi-time Dynamic Traffic Assignment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rongjie Kuang

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Due to static traffic assignment has poor performance in reflecting actual case and dynamic traffic assignment may incurs excessive compute cost, method of multi-time dynamic traffic assignment combining static and dynamic traffic assignment balances factors of precision and cost effectively. A method based on Dial's logit algorithm is proposed in the article to solve the dynamic stochastic user equilibrium problem in dynamic traffic assignment. Before that, a fitting function that can proximately reflect overloaded traffic condition of link is proposed and used to give corresponding model. Numerical example is given to illustrate heuristic procedure of method and to compare results with one of same example solved by other literature's algorithm. Results show that method based on Dial's algorithm is preferable to algorithm from others.

DIALS: implementation and evaluation of a new integration package.

Science.gov (United States)

Winter, Graeme; Waterman, David G; Parkhurst, James M; Brewster, Aaron S; Gildea, Richard J; Gerstel, Markus; Fuentes-Montero, Luis; Vollmar, Melanie; Michels-Clark, Tara; Young, Iris D; Sauter, Nicholas K; Evans, Gwyndaf

2018-02-01

The DIALS project is a collaboration between Diamond Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and CCP4 to develop a new software suite for the analysis of crystallographic X-ray diffraction data, initially encompassing spot finding, indexing, refinement and integration. The design, core algorithms and structure of the software are introduced, alongside results from the analysis of data from biological and chemical crystallography experiments.

[Study of genetic variants in the BDNF, COMT, DAT1 and SERT genes in Colombian children with attention deficit disorder].

Science.gov (United States)

Ortega-Rojas, Jenny; Arboleda-Bustos, Carlos E; Morales, Luis; Benítez, Bruno A; Beltrán, Diana; Izquierdo, Álvaro; Arboleda, Humberto; Vásquez, Rafael

Attention deficit and hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent among children in Bogota City. Both genetic and environmental factors play a very important role in the etiology of ADHD. However, to date few studies have addressed the association of genetic variants and ADHD in the Colombian population. To test the genetic association between polymorphisms in the DAT1, HTTLPR, COMT and BDNF genes and ADHD in a sample from Bogota City. We genotyped the most common polymorphisms in DAT1, SERT, COMT and BDNF genes associated with ADHD using conventional PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 97 trios recruited in a medical center in Bogota. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was used to determine the association between such genetic variants and ADHD. The TDT analysis showed that no individual allele of any variant studied has a preferential transmission. Our results suggest that the etiology of the ADHD may be complex and involves several genetic factors. Further studies in other candidate polymorphisms in a larger sample size will improve our knowledge of the ADHD in Colombian population. Copyright © 2016 Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría. Publicado por Elsevier España. All rights reserved.

Comparison of eye-safe solid state laser DIAL with passive gas filter correlation measurements from aircraft and spacecraft

Science.gov (United States)

Hess, Robert V.; Staton, Leo D.; Wallio, H. Andrew; Wang, Liang-Guo

1992-01-01

Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) using solid state Ti:sapphire lasers finds current application in the NASA/LASE Project for H2O vapor measurements in the approximately = 0.820 micron region for the lower and mid-troposphere and in potential future applications in planned measurements of the approximately = 0.940 micron region where both strong and weak absorption lines enables measurements throughout the troposphere and lower stratosphere. The challenge exists to perform measurements in the eye-safe greater than 1.5 micron region. A comparison between DIAL and passive Gas Filter Correlation Radiometer (GFCR) measurements is made. The essence of the differences in signal to noise ratio for DIAL and passive GFCR measurements is examined. The state of the art of lasers and optical parametric oscillators (OPO's) is discussed.

La Terapia Dialéctico Conductual para el tratamiento del Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad.

OpenAIRE

Matilde Elices; Soledad Cordero

2011-01-01

La Terapia Dialéctico Conductual (TDC) ha sido creada por la Dra. Marsha Linehan, para el tratamiento de pacientes con intentos suicidas recurrentes y diagnóstico de Trastorno Limite de la Personalidad (TLP). Es un modelo terapéutico perteneciente a la “tercera ola” en psicoterapias cognitivas, puesto que se basa en las ciencias del comportamiento e incluye elementos de Mindfulness y de la filosofía dialéctica. En la actualidad la TDC es el tratamiento con mayor evidencia empírica para el TLP...

Interaction of 2'-deoxyguanosine with cis-2-butene-1,4-dial: Computational approach to analysis of multistep chemical reactions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sviatenko L. K.

2014-05-01

Full Text Available cis-2-Butene-1,4-dial represents a microsomal metabolite of furan, an industrially important chemical found in cigarette smoke, air pollution, and also in canned or jarred food. It is expected to be a human carcinogen. Aim. Investigation an effect of cis-2-butene-1,4-dial on the 2'-deoxyguanine which is a model of DNA site. Methods. Optimization of reaction species molecular structures, spectral parameters and Gibbs free energy calculations were performed using Gaussian09 program. Systems of differential equations for kinetics generation were solved using Mathcad15 program. Results. The predicted mechanism of the reaction of cis-2-butene-1,4-dial with 2'-deoxyguanine consists of four-step process formation of four diastereomeric primary adducts and further base-mediated five-step transformation of the primary adducts to the secondary one. The reaction kinetics, which allows defining theconcentration change of any reaction species was calculated. Conclusions. Under physiological conditions the interaction between cis-2-butene-1,4-dial and 2'-deoxyguanine leads to the formation of a stable adduct which could be responsible for the furan genotoxicity.

Measurements of tritium for radiological protection purposes in dial painting industry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sawant, J.V.; Rudran, Kamala; Pillai, K.C.

1990-01-01

Tritium is used as the active component in self-luminous paint. During dial painting process luminous paints releases tritium in air, causing air contamination. In the present paper results of a preliminary study on air monitoring and estimation of air samples in a local watch industry are given. (author). 5 refs., 2 t abs

Solving the dial-a-ride problem using agent-based simulation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Campbell, Ian

2016-11-01

Full Text Available The ‘dial-a-ride problem’ (DARP requires a set of customers to be transported by a limited fleet of vehicles between unique origins and destinations under several service constraints, including within defined time windows. The problem is considered NP-hard, and has typically been solved using metaheuristic methods. An agent-based simulation (ABS model was developed, where each vehicle bids to service customers based on a weighted objective function that considers the cost to service the customer and the time quality of the service that would be achieved. The approach applied a pre- processing technique to reduce the search space, given the service time window constraints. Tests of the model showed significantly better customer transit and waiting times than the benchmark datasets. The ABS was able to obtain solutions for much larger problem sizes than the benchmark solutions, with this work being the first known application of ABS to the DARP.

A multi-decadal wind-wave hindcast for the North Sea 1949-2014: coastDat2

Science.gov (United States)

Groll, Nikolaus; Weisse, Ralf

2017-12-01

Long and consistent wave data are important for analysing wave climate variability and change. Moreover, such wave data are also needed in coastal and offshore design and for addressing safety-related issues at sea. Using the third-generation spectral wave model WAM a multi-decadal wind-wave hindcast for the North Sea covering the period 1949-2014 was produced. The hindcast is part of the coastDat database representing a consistent and homogeneous met-ocean data set. It is shown that despite not being perfect, data from the wave hindcast are generally suitable for wave climate analysis. In particular, comparisons of hindcast data with in situ and satellite observations show on average a reasonable agreement, while a tendency towards overestimation of the highest waves could be inferred. Despite these limitations, the wave hindcast still provides useful data for assessing wave climate variability and change as well as for risk analysis, in particular when conservative estimates are needed. Hindcast data are stored at the World Data Center for Climate (WDCC) and can be freely accessed using the doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_WAM-North_Sea Groll and Weisse(2016) or via the coastDat web-page http://www.coastdat.de.

Toward unified ice core chronologies with the DatIce tool

Science.gov (United States)

Toye Mahamadou Kele, H.; Lemieux-Dudon, B.; Blayo, E.

2012-04-01

Antarctic and Greenland ice cores provide a means to study the phase relationships of climate changes in both hemispheres. They also enable to study the timing between climate, and greenhouse gases or orbital forcings. One key step for such studies is to improve the absolute and relative precisions of ice core age scales (for ice and trapped gas), and beyond that, to try to reach the best consistency between chronologies of paleo records of any kind. The DatIce tool is designed to increase the consistency between pre-existing (also called background) core chronologies. It formulates a variational inverse problem which aims at correcting three key quantities that uniquely define the core age scales: the accumulation rate, the total thinning function, and the close-off depth. For that purpose, it integrates paleo data constraints of many types among which age markers (with for instance documented volcanoes eruptions), and stratigraphic links (with for instance abrupt changes in methane concentration). A cost function is built that enables to calculate new chronologies by making a trade-off between all the constraints (background chronologies and paleo data). The method presented in Lemieux-Dudon et al (2010) has already been applied simultaneously to EPICA EDML and EDC, Vostok and NGRIP. Currently, on going works are conducted at LSCE Saclay and LGGE Grenoble laboratories to construct unified Antarctic chronologies by applying the DatIce tool with new ice cores and new sets of paleo measurements. We here present the DatIce tool, the underlying methodology, and its potential applications. We further show some improvements that have been made recently. We especially adress the issue related to the calibration of the error of pre-existing core chronologies. They are inputs that may have a strong impact on the results. However these uncertainties are uneasy to analyze, since prior chronologies are most of the time assessed on the basis of glaciological models (firn

Dialéctica material Donald Judd y Philip Johnson

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Teresa Muñoz

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Resumen El objetivo de este escrito es examinar cómo se plantea una cierta dialéctica material en el conjunto llamado la Mansana de Chinati, construido por el escultor Donald Judd en la ciudad de Marfa, Texas, a partir del año 1974, comparándolo con las dos viviendas que realiza el arquitecto Philip Johnson en su propiedad de New Canaan, Connecticut, en torno al año 1950. Tanto en New Canaan como en la Mansana de Chinati existe una  oposición, una dialéctica, entre una arquitectura industrial y otra artesana, tanto Philip Johnson como Donald Judd consideran que existe una arquitectura principal, la realizada con materiales y técnicas industriales, y otra subalterna o de servicio, la construida con piezas de arcilla y técnicas artesanales. Esta segunda arquitectura encarnará las cualidades asociadas con la pobreza, la abundancia material y la clausura espacial. Sin  embargo, esta exhibición de pobreza no tiene como fin los propios edificios domésticos construidos artesanalmente, ya sea con adobe o con ladrillo, sino que estará al servicio de esa otra arquitectura, construida con técnicas industriales, a la que se exige renunciar a la comodidad y el confort o cuando menos ocultarlos bajo la forma de una radical austeridad.

A 40-bp VNTR polymorphism in the 3'-untranslated region of DAT1/SLC6A3 is associated with ADHD but not with alcoholism.

Science.gov (United States)

Šerý, Omar; Paclt, Ivo; Drtílková, Ivana; Theiner, Pavel; Kopečková, Marta; Zvolský, Petr; Balcar, Vladimir J

2015-06-11

ADHD and alcoholism are psychiatric diseases with pathophysiology related to dopamine system. DAT1 belongs to the SLC6 family of transporters and is involved in the regulation of extracellular dopamine levels. A 40 bp variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the 3'-untranslated region of DAT1/SLC6A3 gene was previously reported to be associated with various phenotypes involving disturbed regulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission. A total of 1312 subjects were included and genotyped for 40 bp VNTR polymorphism of DAT1/SLC6A3 gene in this study (441 alcoholics, 400 non-alcoholic controls, 218 ADHD children and 253 non ADHD children). Using miRBase software, we have performed a computer analysis of VNTR part of DAT1 gene for presence of miRNA binding sites. We have found significant relationships between ADHD and the 40 bp VNTR polymorphisms of DAT1/SLC6A3 gene (P VNTR polymorphism of DAT1/SLC6A3 gene has been detected. We have found an association between 40 bp VNTR polymorphism of DAT1/SLC6A3 gene and ADHD in the Czech population; in a broad agreement with studies in other population samples. Furthermore, we detected rare genotypes 8/10, 7/10 and 10/11 present in ADHD boys only and identified miRNAs that should be looked at as potential novel targets in the research on ADHD.

CADAQUES: Metodika pro komplexní řízení kvality dat a informací

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Dnešní doba je charakteristická stále se zvětšujícím množstvím pořizovaných a zpracovávaných dat. Cílem tohoto článku je poukázat na různorodost současně používaných datových zdrojů, ukázat jejich specifika z pohledu řízení kvality a představit konkrétní metodiku, která umožňuje řízení kvality dat a informací napříč těmito zdroji. Hlavní součástí této metodiky je sada základních principů a činností, které je možné univerzálně aplikovat. Jedním z klíčových doporučení této metodiky je zaměření se na relativně malou sadu vlastností dat, kterou lze efektivně řídit. Součástí metodiky je rovněž model zralosti datového zdroje, který slouží pro zhodnocení míry rizika spojené s použitím konkrétního zdroje.

Detection and monitoring of pollutant sources with Lidar/Dial techniques

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaudio, P; Gelfusa, M; Malizia, A; Parracino, S; Richetta, M; De Leo, L; Perrimezzi, C; Bellecci, C

2015-01-01

It's well known that air pollution due to anthropogenic sources can have adverse effects on humans and the ecosystem. Therefore, in the last years, surveying large regions of the atmosphere in an automatic way has become a strategic objective of various public health organizations for early detection of pollutant sources in urban and industrial areas.The Lidar and Dial techniques have become well established laser based methods for the remote sensing of the atmosphere. They are often implemented to probe almost any level of the atmosphere and to acquire information to validate theoretical models about different topics of atmospheric physics. They can also be used for environment surveying by monitoring particles, aerosols and molecules.The aim of the present work is to demonstrate the potential of these methods to detect pollutants emitted from local sources (such as particulate and/or chemical compounds) and to evaluate their concentration. This is exemplified with the help of experimental data acquired in an industrial area in the south of Italy by mean of experimental campaign by use of pollutants simulated source. For this purpose, two mobile systems Lidar and Dial have been developed by the authors. In this paper there will be presented the operating principles of the system and the results of the experimental campaign. (paper)

Aprendizaje dialógico : base teórica de las comunidades de aprendizaje

OpenAIRE

Duque Sánchez, Elena; Mello, Roseli R. de; Gabassa, Vanessa

2009-01-01

El aprendizaje dialógico y los siete principios que lo componen sientan las bases de las comunidades de aprendizaje como proyecto de transformación global y también las prácticas educativas concretas que se realizan en este marco

Saikosaponin A Alleviates Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder through Downregulation of DAT and Enhancing BDNF Expression in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sun Jichao

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The disturbed dopamine availability and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF expression are due in part to be associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD. In this study, we investigated the therapeutical effect of saikosaponin a (SSa isolated from Bupleurum Chinese DC, against spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR model of ADHD. Methylphenidate and SSa were orally administered for 3 weeks. Activity was assessed by open-field test and Morris water maze test. Dopamine (DA and BDNF were determined in specific brain regions. The mRNA or protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, dopamine transporter (DAT, and vesicles monoamine transporter (VMAT was also studied. Both MPH and SSa reduced hyperactivity and improved the spatial learning memory deficit in SHRs. An increased DA concentration in the prefrontal cortex (PFC and striatum was also observed after treating with the SSa. The increased DA concentration may partially be attributed to the decreased mRNA and protein expression of DAT in PFC while SSa exhibited no significant effects on the mRNA expression of TH and VMAT in PFC of SHRs. In addition, BDNF expression in SHRs was also increased after treating with SSa or MPH. The obtained result suggested that SSa may be a potential drug for treating ADHD.

Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) Measurements of Atmospheric Water Vapor Utilizing Robotic Aircraft

Science.gov (United States)

Hoang, Ngoc; DeYoung, Russell J.; Prasad, Coorg R.; Laufer, Gabriel

1998-01-01

A new unpiloted air vehicle (UAV) based water vapor DIAL system will be described. This system is expected to offer lower operating costs, longer test duration and severe weather capabilities. A new high-efficiency, compact, light weight, diode-pumped, tunable Cr:LiSAF laser will be developed to meet the UAV payload weight and size limitations and its constraints in cooling capacity, physical size and payload. Similarly, a new receiver system using a single mirror telescope and an avalanche photo diode (APD) will be developed. Projected UAV parameters are expected to allow operation at altitudes up to 20 km, endurance of 24 hrs and speed of 400 km/hr. At these conditions measurements of water vapor at an uncertainty of 2-10% with a vertical resolution of 200 m and horizontal resolution of 10 km will be possible.

New capability for ozone dial profiling measurements in the troposphere and lower stratosphere from aircraft

Science.gov (United States)

Hair, Johnathan; Hostetler, Chris; Cook, Anthony; Harper, David; Notari, Anthony; Fenn, Marta; Newchurch, Mike; Wang, Lihua; Kuang, Shi; Knepp, Travis; Burton, Sharon; Ferrare, Richard; Butler, Carolyn; Collins, Jim; Nehrir, Amin

2018-04-01

Recently, we successfully demonstrated a new compact and robust ozone DIAL lidar for smaller aircraft such as the NASA B200 and the ER-2 high-altitude aircraft. This is the first NASA airborne lidar to incorporate advanced solid-state lasers to produce the required power at the required ultraviolet wavelengths, and is compact and robust enough to operate nearly autonomously on the high-altitude ER-2 aircraft. This technology development resulted in the first new NASA airborne ozone DIAL instrument in more than 15 years. The combined ozone, aerosol, and clouds measurements provide valuable information on the chemistry, radiation, and dynamics of the atmosphere. In particular, from the ER-2 it offers a unique capability to study the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere.

New capability for ozone dial profiling measurements in the troposphere and lower stratosphere from aircraft

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hair Johnathan

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Recently, we successfully demonstrated a new compact and robust ozone DIAL lidar for smaller aircraft such as the NASA B200 and the ER-2 high-altitude aircraft. This is the first NASA airborne lidar to incorporate advanced solid-state lasers to produce the required power at the required ultraviolet wavelengths, and is compact and robust enough to operate nearly autonomously on the high-altitude ER-2 aircraft. This technology development resulted in the first new NASA airborne ozone DIAL instrument in more than 15 years. The combined ozone, aerosol, and clouds measurements provide valuable information on the chemistry, radiation, and dynamics of the atmosphere. In particular, from the ER-2 it offers a unique capability to study the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere.

SF6 laser remote sensing by CO2 laser DIAL lidar

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parvin, P.; Basam, Z.; Zamanipour, Z.; Kariminezhad, H.; Boyook, N.; Borna, F.; Azari, T.; Eshragi, N.; Ataran, A.; Ghods Ahmad Zadeh, R.

2004-01-01

A DIAL system using tunable CO 2 laser has been demonstrated practically for remote sensing of SF 6 components in Mashad Shahid Motahhari Research Complex. Non toxic components of SF 6 as a rare isotope is studied to calibrate the lidar function in several conditions. The whole system enables us to detect ppm amounts of chemical gases as well as pollutants and poisonous species

Multiple myeloma, leukemia, and breast cancer among the US radium dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stebbings, J.H.; Lucas, H.F.; Stehney, A.F.

1983-01-01

The relationships of radium exposure to mortality from multiple myeloma, leukemia, and breast cancer were studied in three cohorts of female dial workers defined by year of first employment. Mortality was compared with that expected from US white female rates, with and without adjustment for local mortality rates. Dose-response relationships of these cancers to systemic intake of radium were determined in workers whose body burdens had been measured in vivo since 1955. Incident cases of multiple myeloma occurred in the pre-1930 cohort; however, analyses of body burdens and durations of employment suggest that external radiation was more likely to have been responsible than was internal radium. Leukemia incidence and mortality have not been elevated overall among the female dial workers, either in the pre-1930 or the post-1930 cohorts, but cases have tended to occur early and in subjects with higher body burdens. Extensive analyses of breast cancer data have uncovered several observations weighing against a causal interpretation of the association between radium and breast cancer

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the haloalkane dehalogenase DatA from Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mase, Tomoko; Yabuki, Hideya; Okai, Masahiko; Ohtsuka, Jun; Imai, Fabiana Lica; Nagata, Yuji; Tanokura, Masaru

2012-01-01

The haloalkane dehalogenase DatA from A. tumefaciens C58 was expressed, purified and crystallized by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 1.70 Å resolution. Haloalkane dehalogenases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolytic reaction of a wide variety of haloalkyl substrates to form the corresponding alcohol and hydrogen halide products. DatA from Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 is a haloalkane dehalogenase that has a unique pair of halide-binding residues, asparagine (Asn43) and tyrosine (Tyr109), instead of the asparagine and tryptophan that are conserved in other members of the subfamily. DatA was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and crystallized using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method with a reservoir solution consisting of 0.1 M CHES pH 8.6, 1.0 M potassium sodium tartrate, 0.2 M lithium sulfate, 0.01 M barium chloride. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 1.70 Å resolution. The space group of the crystal was determined as the primitive tetragonal space group P422, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 123.7, c = 88.1 Å. The crystal contained two molecules in the asymmetric unit

Rare autism-associated variants implicate syntaxin 1 (STX1 R26Q) phosphorylation and the dopamine transporter (hDAT R51W) in dopamine neurotransmission and behaviors.

Science.gov (United States)

Cartier, Etienne; Hamilton, Peter J; Belovich, Andrea N; Shekar, Aparna; Campbell, Nicholas G; Saunders, Christine; Andreassen, Thorvald F; Gether, Ulrik; Veenstra-Vanderweele, Jeremy; Sutcliffe, James S; Ulery-Reynolds, Paula G; Erreger, Kevin; Matthies, Heinrich J G; Galli, Aurelio

2015-02-01

Syntaxin 1 (STX1) is a presynaptic plasma membrane protein that coordinates synaptic vesicle fusion. STX1 also regulates the function of neurotransmitter transporters, including the dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT). The DAT is a membrane protein that controls DA homeostasis through the high-affinity re-uptake of synaptically released DA. We adopt newly developed animal models and state-of-the-art biophysical techniques to determine the contribution of the identified gene variants to impairments in DA neurotransmission observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we characterize two independent autism-associated variants in the genes that encode STX1 and the DAT. We demonstrate that each variant dramatically alters DAT function. We identify molecular mechanisms that converge to inhibit reverse transport of DA and DA-associated behaviors. These mechanisms involve decreased phosphorylation of STX1 at Ser14 mediated by casein kinase 2 as well as a reduction in STX1/DAT interaction. These findings point to STX1/DAT interactions and STX1 phosphorylation as key regulators of DA homeostasis. We determine the molecular identity and the impact of these variants with the intent of defining DA dysfunction and associated behaviors as possible complications of ASD.

Interpretation of DIAL Measurements of Lower Stratospheric Ozone in Regions with Pinatubo Aerosols

Science.gov (United States)

Grant, William B.; Browell, Edward V.; Fenn, Marta A.; Butler, Carolyn F.; Brackett, Vincent G.; Veiga, Robert E.; Mayor, Shane D.; Fishman, Jack; Nganga, D.; Minga, A.

1992-01-01

The influence of volcanic aerosols on stratospheric ozone is a topic of current interest, especially with the June 15, 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines. Lidar has been used in the past to provide aerosol profiles which could be compared with ozone profiles measured using ozonesondes to look for coincidences between volcanic aerosols and ozone decreases. The differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique has the advantages of being able to measure ozone and aerosol profiles simultaneously as well as being able to cover large geographical regions rapidly. While there are problems associated with correcting the ozone profiles for the presence of aerosols, the corrections can be made reliably when the wavelengths are closely spaced and the Bernoulli method is applied. The DIAL measurements considered in this paper are those obtained in the tropical stratosphere in January 1992 during the Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition (AASE-II). The determination of ozone profiles in the presence of Pinatubo aerosols is discussed in a companion paper.

Progress towards an Autonomous Field Deployable Diode-Laser-Based Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL for Profiling Water Vapor in the Lower Troposphere

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kevin S. Repasky

2013-11-01

Full Text Available A laser transmitter has been developed and incorporated into a micro-pulse differential absorption lidar (DIAL for water vapor profiling in the lower troposphere as an important step towards long-term autonomous field operation. The laser transmitter utilizes two distributed Bragg reflector (DBR diode lasers to injection seed a pulsed tapered semiconductor optical amplifier (TSOA, and is capable of producing up to 10 mJ of pulse energy with a 1 ms pulse duration and a 10 kHz pulse repetition frequency. The on-line wavelength of the laser transmitter can operate anywhere along the water vapor absorption feature centered at 828.187 nm (in vacuum depending on the prevailing atmospheric conditions, while the off-line wavelength operates at 828.287 nm. This laser transmitter has been incorporated into a DIAL instrument utilizing a 35.6 cm Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope and fiber coupled avalanche photodiode (APD operating in the photon counting mode. The performance of the DIAL instrument was demonstrated over a ten-day observation period. During this observation period, data from radiosondes were used to retrieve water vapor number density profiles for comparisons with the number density profiles retrieved from the DIAL data.

Good agreement of conventional and gel-based direct agglutination test in immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Piek Christine J

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare a gel-based test with the traditional direct agglutination test (DAT for the diagnosis of immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA. Methods Canine (n = 247 and feline (n = 74 blood samples were submitted for DAT testing to two laboratories. A subset of canine samples was categorized as having idiopathic IMHA, secondary IMHA, or no IMHA. Results The kappa values for agreement between the tests were in one laboratory 0.86 for canine and 0.58 for feline samples, and in the other 0.48 for canine samples. The lower agreement in the second laboratory was caused by a high number of positive canine DATs for which the gel test was negative. This group included significantly more dogs with secondary IMHA. Conclusions The gel test might be used as a screening test for idiopathic IMHA and is less often positive in secondary IMHA than the DAT.

Good agreement of conventional and gel-based direct agglutination test in immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Piek, C.J.; Teske, E.; van Leeuwen, M.W.; Day, M.J.

2012-01-01

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare a gel-based test with the traditional direct agglutination test (DAT) for the diagnosis of immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA). Methods Canine (n = 247) and feline (n = 74) blood samples were submitted for DAT testing to two

The Role of the Dopamine Transporter (DAT) in the Development of PTSD in Preschool Children

Science.gov (United States)

Drury, Stacy S.; Theall, Katherine P.; Keats, Bronya J.B.; Scheeringa, Michael

2015-01-01

Population-based association studies have supported the heritability of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study explored the influence of genetic variation in the dopamine transporter (DAT) 3′ untranslated region variable number tandem repeat on the development of PTSD in preschool children exposed to Hurricane Katrina, diagnosed using a developmentally appropriate semistructured interview. A diagnosis according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994), total symptoms, and specifically Criterion D symptoms were significantly more likely to be found in children with the 9 allele. This study replicates a previous finding in adults with PTSD. The specificity of this finding to the increased arousal symptoms of Criterion D suggests that dopamine and the DAT allele may contribute to one heritable path in a multifinality model of the development of PTSD. PMID:19960520

Setting up a mobile Lidar (DIAL) system for detecting chemical warfare agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tehrani, M Kavosh; Jaafari, E; Mobashery, A; Mohammad, M Malek

2015-01-01

The mobile light detection and ranging DIAL system of Malek Ashtar University of Technology has been developed for the detection of chemical warfare agents whose absorption wavelengths are in the range of 9.2–10.8 μm tunable CO 2 lasers of the system. In this paper, this system is first described and then ammonia detection is analyzed experimentally. Also, experimental results of detecting a sarin agent simulant, dimethyl–methyl phosphonate (DMMP), are presented. The power levels received from different ranges to detect specific concentrations of NH 3 and DMMP have been measured and debated. The primary test results with a 150 ns clipped pulse width by passive pinhole plasma shutter indicate that the system is capable of monitoring several species of pollutants in the range of about 1 km, with a 20 m spatial and 2 min temporal resolution. (paper)

Dialing in the Ratio of Covalent and Coordination Cross-links in Self-healing Hydrogels

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Amanda; Krogsgaard, Marie; Birkedal, Henrik

; it is of great interest to control the degree of which these are present; i.e. controlling the degree of catechol oxidation. Here, we report hydrogels in which the catechols participating in reversible (oxidation resistant catechol-analogue6) and irreversible oxidation cross-links are separated, enabling one...... to predefine the ratio of the two by altering the composition. The oxidation-resistant catechol-analogue was grafted onto polyallylamine,4 while the oxidation cross-links are introduced by addition of tannic acid that has the same useful properties as catechols.5,7,8 This affords hydrogels that retain self......-healing abilities even at high pH but that can be stiffened at will by dialing in the required degree of covalent crosslinking. This dial-in method thus harnesses two aspects of catechol-type chemistries to yield double network hydrogels in a straightforward and highly controllable manner....

Automatic semi-quantification of [123I]FP-CIT SPECT scans in healthy volunteers using BasGan version 2: results from the ENC-DAT database

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nobili, Flavio; Naseri, Mehrdad; de Carli, Fabrizio; Asenbaum, Susan; Booij, Jan; Darcourt, Jacques; Ell, Peter; Kapucu, Ozlem; Kemp, Paul; Svarer, Claus; Varer, Claus; Morbelli, Silvia; Pagani, Marco; Sabri, Osama; Tatsch, Klaus; Tossici-Bolt, Livia; Sera, Terez; Vander Borght, Tierry; van Laere, Koen; Varrone, Andrea

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in a large group of normal subjects. The study included 122 healthy subjects, aged 18-83 years, recruited in the multicentre 'ENC-DAT' study (promoted by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine). Brain single

Dose-response relationships for female radium dial workers: A new look

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rowland, R.E.

1994-01-01

The values of initial systemic intake and of skeletal dose for all of the U.S. radium cases have recently been revised. This revision was required following the demonstrations by Rundo and by Keane that humans who were exposed to radium as adults lost radium at a rate that depended on the quantity of radium originally deposited within their bodies. These new values have been used to define new dose-response relationships for both the bone sarcomas and the carcinomas arising in the paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cells induced by internally deposited radium. The population examined was employed in the U.S. dial painting industry prior to 1950 and consisted of 1530 female dial workers for whom radium body burden measurements were available. By the end of 1990, 46 cases of bone sarcomas and 19 cases of head carcinomas had been diagnosed in this cohort. The head carcinoma incidence can be adequately fitted by a simple linear function, as was found in previous analyses. The bone sarcoma cases were previously fitted by a dose-squared-exponential function. With the revised values of systemic intake, the sarcoma results could not be satisfactorily fitted with this expression. When the exponent on D was increased to larger values, excellent fits were obtained

Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is : DIAL, A Dialogical Model for Opinion Dynamics

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dykstra, Piter; Elsenbroich, Corinna; Jager, Wander; de Lavalette, Gerard Renardel; Verbrugge, Rineke

We present DIAL, a model of group dynamics and opinion dynamics. It features dialogues, in which agents gamble about reputation points. Intra-group radicalisation of opinions appears to be an emergent phenomenon. We position this model within the theoretical literature on opinion dynamics and social

XMuDat: Photon attenuation data on PC. Version 1.0.1 of August 1998. Summary documentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pronyaev, V.G.

1998-01-01

XMuDat is a program to be used with Windows 95 or Windows NT for the presentation and calculation of various photon interaction coefficients. Six absorbing materials can be set up individually. Each material can be composed of components chosen from the elements and further from a number of compounds and mixtures of dosimetric interest. Data for mass attenuation-, mass energy transfer- and mass energy absorption coefficients in a photon energy range of 1 keV to 50 MeV can be retrieved. A set of two diskettes with XMuDat files is available upon request, costfree, from the IAEA Nuclear Data Section. Users with access to Internet may download xmudat.zip file (1,174 KB) from http://www.nds.iaea.or.at/reports/nds-195.htm. (author)

Survey research with a random digit dial national mobile phone sample in Ghana: Methods and sample quality

Science.gov (United States)

Sefa, Eunice; Adimazoya, Edward Akolgo; Yartey, Emmanuel; Lenzi, Rachel; Tarpo, Cindy; Heward-Mills, Nii Lante; Lew, Katherine; Ampeh, Yvonne

2018-01-01

Introduction Generating a nationally representative sample in low and middle income countries typically requires resource-intensive household level sampling with door-to-door data collection. High mobile phone penetration rates in developing countries provide new opportunities for alternative sampling and data collection methods, but there is limited information about response rates and sample biases in coverage and nonresponse using these methods. We utilized data from an interactive voice response, random-digit dial, national mobile phone survey in Ghana to calculate standardized response rates and assess representativeness of the obtained sample. Materials and methods The survey methodology was piloted in two rounds of data collection. The final survey included 18 demographic, media exposure, and health behavior questions. Call outcomes and response rates were calculated according to the American Association of Public Opinion Research guidelines. Sample characteristics, productivity, and costs per interview were calculated. Representativeness was assessed by comparing data to the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey and the National Population and Housing Census. Results The survey was fielded during a 27-day period in February-March 2017. There were 9,469 completed interviews and 3,547 partial interviews. Response, cooperation, refusal, and contact rates were 31%, 81%, 7%, and 39% respectively. Twenty-three calls were dialed to produce an eligible contact: nonresponse was substantial due to the automated calling system and dialing of many unassigned or non-working numbers. Younger, urban, better educated, and male respondents were overrepresented in the sample. Conclusions The innovative mobile phone data collection methodology yielded a large sample in a relatively short period. Response rates were comparable to other surveys, although substantial coverage bias resulted from fewer women, rural, and older residents completing the mobile phone survey in

Survey research with a random digit dial national mobile phone sample in Ghana: Methods and sample quality.

Science.gov (United States)

L'Engle, Kelly; Sefa, Eunice; Adimazoya, Edward Akolgo; Yartey, Emmanuel; Lenzi, Rachel; Tarpo, Cindy; Heward-Mills, Nii Lante; Lew, Katherine; Ampeh, Yvonne

2018-01-01

Generating a nationally representative sample in low and middle income countries typically requires resource-intensive household level sampling with door-to-door data collection. High mobile phone penetration rates in developing countries provide new opportunities for alternative sampling and data collection methods, but there is limited information about response rates and sample biases in coverage and nonresponse using these methods. We utilized data from an interactive voice response, random-digit dial, national mobile phone survey in Ghana to calculate standardized response rates and assess representativeness of the obtained sample. The survey methodology was piloted in two rounds of data collection. The final survey included 18 demographic, media exposure, and health behavior questions. Call outcomes and response rates were calculated according to the American Association of Public Opinion Research guidelines. Sample characteristics, productivity, and costs per interview were calculated. Representativeness was assessed by comparing data to the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey and the National Population and Housing Census. The survey was fielded during a 27-day period in February-March 2017. There were 9,469 completed interviews and 3,547 partial interviews. Response, cooperation, refusal, and contact rates were 31%, 81%, 7%, and 39% respectively. Twenty-three calls were dialed to produce an eligible contact: nonresponse was substantial due to the automated calling system and dialing of many unassigned or non-working numbers. Younger, urban, better educated, and male respondents were overrepresented in the sample. The innovative mobile phone data collection methodology yielded a large sample in a relatively short period. Response rates were comparable to other surveys, although substantial coverage bias resulted from fewer women, rural, and older residents completing the mobile phone survey in comparison to household surveys. Random digit dialing of mobile

Survey research with a random digit dial national mobile phone sample in Ghana: Methods and sample quality.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kelly L'Engle

Full Text Available Generating a nationally representative sample in low and middle income countries typically requires resource-intensive household level sampling with door-to-door data collection. High mobile phone penetration rates in developing countries provide new opportunities for alternative sampling and data collection methods, but there is limited information about response rates and sample biases in coverage and nonresponse using these methods. We utilized data from an interactive voice response, random-digit dial, national mobile phone survey in Ghana to calculate standardized response rates and assess representativeness of the obtained sample.The survey methodology was piloted in two rounds of data collection. The final survey included 18 demographic, media exposure, and health behavior questions. Call outcomes and response rates were calculated according to the American Association of Public Opinion Research guidelines. Sample characteristics, productivity, and costs per interview were calculated. Representativeness was assessed by comparing data to the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey and the National Population and Housing Census.The survey was fielded during a 27-day period in February-March 2017. There were 9,469 completed interviews and 3,547 partial interviews. Response, cooperation, refusal, and contact rates were 31%, 81%, 7%, and 39% respectively. Twenty-three calls were dialed to produce an eligible contact: nonresponse was substantial due to the automated calling system and dialing of many unassigned or non-working numbers. Younger, urban, better educated, and male respondents were overrepresented in the sample.The innovative mobile phone data collection methodology yielded a large sample in a relatively short period. Response rates were comparable to other surveys, although substantial coverage bias resulted from fewer women, rural, and older residents completing the mobile phone survey in comparison to household surveys. Random digit

Forma dat esse: a Christian ontology of human spirit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joan Martínez Porcell

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Forma dat esse was initially high fertility existential anthropology. Christian philosophy inherited although explanations hylemorphic with explaining human nature knew register the being and doing of the person inside the ontology of created spirits. The presence of human corporeality was a spirit that existed in the boundary and the horizon of eternity. The plasticity of human tendencies was a sign of his intelligence and it should be defined by their spirituality. The word was being-communication and love was the most important act of his life fertility. No wonder that we offer existential self as memory itself and the presence of the soul from the patenting of his spiritual being.

The portable P300 dialing system based on tablet and Emotiv Epoc headset.

Science.gov (United States)

Tong Jijun; Zhang Peng; Xiao Ran; Ding Lei

2015-08-01

A Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a novel communication system that translates brain signals into a control signal. Now with the appearance of the commercial EEG headsets and mobile smart platforms (tablet, smartphone), it is possible to develop the mobile BCI system, which can greatly improve the life quality of patients suffering from motor disease, such as amyotrophic lateral scleroses (ALS), multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy and head trauma. This study adopted a 14-channel Emotiv EPOC headset and Microsoft surface pro 3 to realize a dialing system, which was represented by 4×3 matrices of alphanumeric characters. The performance of the online portable dialing system based on P300 is satisfying. The average classification accuracy reaches 88.75±10.57% in lab and 73.75±16.94% in metro, while the information transfer rate (ITR) reaches 7.17±1.80 and 5.05±2.17 bits/min respectively. This means the commercial EEG headset and tablet has good prospect in developing real time BCI system in realistic environments.

Effects of age and sex on 125I-β-CIT binding to DAT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Xingdang; Lin Xiangtong

2000-01-01

Objective: To investigate effects of age and sex on 125 I-β-CIT binding to dopamine transporter (DAT). Methods: Detection of the differences in 125 I-β-CIT binding kinetics in vivo between 6 week and 6 month old KM mice, and the differences of in vivo binding between female and male, and between 3 month and 12 month old SD rats.The animals were sacrificed 2 h after injection. Results: Uptake of 125 I-β-CIT in the striatum, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, temporal cortex, occipital cortex, hippocampus, brain stem and whole brain in 6 week old mice was higher than that in 6 month old mice, and similar uptake pattern happened in between 3 month old and in 12 month old SD rats. In 12 months old SD rats, female rats had higher uptake in the striatum than male rats did. Conclusions: Young mice and rats have a higher uptake of 125 I-β-CIT in the striatum than aged ones and female rats have a higher uptake than male ones do. This result indicates that the density of DAT in rat or mouse striatum may be reduced with aging

Rare autism-associated variants implicate syntaxin 1 (STX1 R26Q) phosphorylation and the dopamine transporter (hDAT R51W) in dopamine neurotransmission and behaviors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cartier, Etienne; Hamilton, Peter J; Belovich, Andrea N

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND: Syntaxin 1 (STX1) is a presynaptic plasma membrane protein that coordinates synaptic vesicle fusion. STX1 also regulates the function of neurotransmitter transporters, including the dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT). The DAT is a membrane protein that controls DA homeostasis through...... the high-affinity re-uptake of synaptically released DA. METHODS: We adopt newly developed animal models and state-of-the-art biophysical techniques to determine the contribution of the identified gene variants to impairments in DA neurotransmission observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). OUTCOMES......: Here, we characterize two independent autism-associated variants in the genes that encode STX1 and the DAT. We demonstrate that each variant dramatically alters DAT function. We identify molecular mechanisms that converge to inhibit reverse transport of DA and DA-associated behaviors. These mechanisms...

Association of ADHD, tics, and anxiety with dopamine transporter (DAT1) genotype in autism spectrum disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Gadow, Kenneth D; Roohi, Jasmin; DeVincent, Carla J; Hatchwell, Eli

2008-12-01

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with high rates of psychiatric disturbance to include attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), tic disorder, and anxiety disorders. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) functional polymorphism located in the 3'-untranslated region of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) and the severity of these symptoms as well as the association between the DAT1 DdeI polymorphism and severity of tics. Parents (n = 62) and teachers (n = 57) completed a DSM-IV-referenced rating scale for 67 children with ASD. According to parent ratings, children with the 10-10 repeat allele (versus a combined group of all other genotypes) exhibited less severe symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity as well as less severe language deficits. Teacher ratings indicated that social anxiety and tic symptoms were more severe for children with the 10-10 genotype versus all others. Exploratory analyses provided preliminary support for the notion that heterozygosity (9-10 repeat genotype) may be a risk/protective factor. There were no associations of tic severity with the DAT1 DdeI polymorphism. Collectively, these results suggest that the extraordinary variability in ASD clinical phenotypes may be explained in part by the same genes that are implicated in a host of other psychiatric disorders in non-ASD populations. Nevertheless, replication with independent samples is necessary to confirm this preliminary finding.

Time-resolved influences of functional DAT1 and COMT variants on visual perception and post-processing.

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Stephan Bender

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Dopamine plays an important role in orienting and the regulation of selective attention to relevant stimulus characteristics. Thus, we examined the influences of functional variants related to dopamine inactivation in the dopamine transporter (DAT1 and catechol-O-methyltransferase genes (COMT on the time-course of visual processing in a contingent negative variation (CNV task. METHODS: 64-channel EEG recordings were obtained from 195 healthy adolescents of a community-based sample during a continuous performance task (A-X version. Early and late CNV as well as preceding visual evoked potential components were assessed. RESULTS: Significant additive main effects of DAT1 and COMT on the occipito-temporal early CNV were observed. In addition, there was a trend towards an interaction between the two polymorphisms. Source analysis showed early CNV generators in the ventral visual stream and in frontal regions. There was a strong negative correlation between occipito-temporal visual post-processing and the frontal early CNV component. The early CNV time interval 500-1000 ms after the visual cue was specifically affected while the preceding visual perception stages were not influenced. CONCLUSIONS: Late visual potentials allow the genomic imaging of dopamine inactivation effects on visual post-processing. The same specific time-interval has been found to be affected by DAT1 and COMT during motor post-processing but not motor preparation. We propose the hypothesis that similar dopaminergic mechanisms modulate working memory encoding in both the visual and motor and perhaps other systems.

Sequence analysis of Drd2, Drd4, and Dat1 in SHR and WKY rat strains

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Mill Jonathan

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR shows a number of behaviours that closely parallel those seen in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. These include motor hyperactivity, excessive responses under a fixed-interval/extinction schedule, difficulty in acquiring operant tasks and increased sensitivity to immediate behavioural reinforcement. As in children with ADHD, the behavioural and cognitive deficits in the SHR are responsive to stimulants, including d-amphetamine and d,l-methylphenidate. The non-hyperactive Wistar Kyoto (WKY rat strain is often used as a control in behavioural studies of the SHR, and WKY itself has been suggested to be a useful animal model of depression. Numerous studies have shown that dopaminergic neurotransmission is altered between the two strains. Human genetic studies have found associations between several dopaminergic genes and both ADHD and depression. Methods We sequenced three candidate dopaminergic genes (Drd2, Drd4, and Dat1 in the SHR and WKY to identify between-strain sequence differences. Results No between-strain sequence differences were found in either Drd2 or Drd4, but several variations were found in the Dat1 gene that encodes the dopamine transporter. Conclusion It is plausible that DNA sequence changes in the Dat1 gene account for some of the behavioural differences observed between the SHR and WKY strains. Future work will focus on elucidating the functional effects of the observed polymorphisms.

Measurements of CO2 Column Abundance in the Low Atmosphere Using Ground Based 1.6 μm CO2 DIAL

Science.gov (United States)

Abo, M.; Shibata, Y.; Nagasawa, C.

2017-12-01

Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration are believed to produce the largest radiative forcing for the current climate system. Accurate predictions of atmospheric CO2 concentration rely on the knowledge of its sinks and sources, transports, and its variability with time. Although this knowledge is currently unsatisfactory, numerical models use it as a way in simulating CO2 fluxes. Validating and improving the global atmospheric transport model, therefore, requires precise measurement of the CO2 concentration profile. There are two further variations on Lidar: the differential absorption Lidar (DIAL) and the integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) Lidar. DIAL/IPDA are basically for profile/total column measurement, respectively. IPDA is a special case of DIAL and can measure the total column-averaged mixing ratio of trace gases using return signals from the Earth's surface or from thick clouds based on an airborne or a satellite. We have developed a ground based 1.6 μm DIAL to measure vertical CO2 mixing ratio profiles from 0.4 to 2.5 km altitude. The goals of the CO2 DIAL are to produce atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio measurements with much smaller seasonal and diurnal biases from the ground surface. But, in the ground based lidar, return signals from around ground surface are usually suppressed in order to handle the large dynamic range. To receive the return signals as near as possible from ground surface, namely, the field of view (FOV) of the telescope must be wide enough to reduce the blind range of the lidar. While the return signals from the far distance are very weak, to enhance the sensitivity and heighten the detecting distance, the FOV must be narrow enough to suppress the sky background light, especially during the daytime measurements. To solve this problem, we propose a total column measurement method from the ground surface to 0.4 km altitude. Instead of strong signals from thick clouds such as the IPDA, the proposed method uses

Contrato de Inclusión Dialógica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Aubert Simon

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Presentamos el Contrato de Inclusión Dialógica (CID como proceso que pone en interacción las contribuciones de la comunidad científica internacional y la experiencia de los agentes sociales, especialmente de las personas pertenecientes a grupos vulnerables como la comunidad gitana. Partiendo de las aportaciones de la investigación INCLUD-ED, nos centramos en el caso de un colegio donde el CID ha facilitado una transformación única del mismo en Comunidades de Aprendizaje. Esta transformación ha favorecido la implementación y desarrollo de actuaciones de éxito. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan a un impacto positivo en la mejora de los resultados académicos y de la convivencia.

Georeferencing natural disaster impact footprints : lessons learned from the EM-DAT experience

Science.gov (United States)

Wallemacq, Pascaline; Guha Sapir, Debarati

2014-05-01

The Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) contains data about the occurrence and consequences of all the disasters that have taken place since 1900. The main objectives of the database are to serve the purposes of humanitarian action at national and international levels; to aid decision making for disaster preparedness, as well as providing an objective base for vulnerability assessments and priority setting. EM-DAT records data on the human and economic impacts for each event as well as the location of said event. This is recorded as text data, namely the province, department, county, district, or village. The first purpose of geocoding (or georeferencing) the EM-DAT database is to transform the location data from text format into code data. The GAUL (Global Administrative Unit Layers) database (FAO) is used as a basis to identify the geographic footprint of the disaster, ideally to the second administrative level and add a unique code for each affected unit. Our first step has involved georeferencing earthquakes since the location of these is precise. The second purpose is to detail the degree of precision of georeferencing. The application and benefits of georeferencing are manifold. The geographic information of the footprint of past (after 2000) and future natural disasters permits the location of vulnerable areas with a GIS system and to cross data from different sources. It will allow the study of different elements such as the extent of a disaster and its human and economic consequences; the exposure and vulnerability of the population in space and time and the efficiency of mitigation measures. In addition, any association between events and external factors can be identified (e.g.: is the famine located at the same places as drought?) and precision of the information in the disaster report can be evaluated. Besides this, these maps will provide valuable communication support since maps have a high communication power and are easily understandable by the

Polonium-210 concentration in the hair of 51 radium dial painters

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Erkang, Zeng; Nanxiang, Li

1984-07-01

The /sup 210/Po concentration in the hair of 51 radium dial painters (one group of 29 male, and the another group of 22 female) was reported in this paper. It was found that the /sup 210/Po concentration in the hair of both the male and female painters were significantly higher than that of the controls. A correlation has also been observed between the /sup 210/Po concentration in the hair and the working ages of the male painters.

Major International R and D Ranges and Test Facilities. Summary of Capabilities

Science.gov (United States)

1990-01-01

Fabrications De Telecommunications (SEFT) 51 Centre D’Etudes De Gramat (CEG) 53 Direction Des Constructions Navales (DCN) 56 Centre D’Essais Et D’Evaluations...MAS (DAT)ICAEPE (DIEN) * MA (OCA*) 0 GRAMAT CEO (DRET) CAZAUX CEB (DCA&) BISCARROSSEO CELDEN TUOSE ITE AABE E(DAT)CA TARES CAP (DA) ATS (DAT) CEAT (DC...at Arcucil, Cazaux. and Gramat . The five Hydrodynamic Testing centers are: Le Centre D’Analyse de Defense (CAD) at (CMCM) at Arcueil. Conducts

Design of Instrument Dials for Maximum Legibility: 1. Development of Methodology and Some Preliminary Results

Science.gov (United States)

1947-10-20

Peyohology Lehlgh University Bothlehea, mnnsylvania Attni nr. Adalbert Ford nepmrtmnnt of Psychology University of Maryland College Park, Maryland...light sources consi-itcd of Mazda lamps In cans* The sample dial was so illuminated that the w’.iii.e markings were 5 foot lamberta on • background

Dialética da pratica e ação sem prática

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Ubaldo Puppi

1982-12-01

Full Text Available O conceito de prática recobriria o de sistema de ação, não fosse a existência de sistemas de ação sem prática. Resta que uma prática é um sistema de ação. Como conseqüência, suposta a reciprocação de sistema com teoria e uma atenta inspeção nos termos da proposição, há equivalência semântica entre "prática teórica " e "sistema de ação prático". Num e noutro caso, a contradição interna aos pares de conceitos se resolve dialeticamente. Graças à dialética, são fundidos numa unidade de sentido, síntese de tensões opostas. Daí a proposta de uma dialética da prática global, conjuntamente abstrata e histórica. Destotalizada ou à margem dessa dialética, pode ser destacada a ação sem prática, exemplificada no drama. Dramática é precisamente uma ação que não é prática. O tempo e o lugar da prática são a história e o mundo do homem; o tempo e o lugar do drama são a ficção cultural e a substância simbólica. Mimese da prática, o drama, reproduz, não os traços do modelo, mas a sua produção, tornando-se por sua vez modelo do modelo. Mimese não é cópia, é forma autônoma de eficiência, paradoxalmente sem prática mas especular.

Diagnostic development and support of MHD test facilities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1990-01-01

The Diagnostic Instrumentation and Analysis Laboratory (DIAL) at Mississippi State University (MSU) is developing diagnostic instruments for MHD power train data acquisition and for support of MHD component development test facilities. Microprocessor-controlled optical instruments, initially developed for Heat Recovery/Seed Recovery support, are being refined, and new systems to measure temperatures and gas-seed-slag stream characteristics are being developed. To further data acquisition and analysis capabilities, the diagnostic systems are being interfaced with DIAL's computers. Technical support for the diagnostic needs of the national MHD research effort is being provided. DIAL personnel will also cooperate with government agencies and private industries to improve the transformation of research and development results into processes, products and services applicable to their needs. 25 figs., 6 tabs.

Diagnostic development and support of MHD test facilities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shepard, W.S.; Cook, R.L.

1990-01-01

The Diagnostic Instrumentation and Analysis Laboratory (DIAL) at Mississippi State University (MSU) is developing diagnostic instruments for MHD power train data acquisition and for support of MHD component development test facilities. Microprocessor-controlled optical instruments, initially developed for Heat Recovery/ Seed Recovery support, are being refined, and new systems to measure temperatures and gas-seed-slag stream characteristics are being developed. To further data acquisition and analysis capabilities, the diagnostic systems are being interfaced with DIAL's computers. Technical support for the diagnostic needs of the national MHD research effort is being provided. DIAL personnel will also cooperate with government agencies and private industries to improve the transformation of research and development results into processes, products and services applicable to their needs

DAT1-Genotype and Menstrual Cycle, but Not Hormonal Contraception, Modulate Reinforcement Learning: Preliminary Evidence.

Science.gov (United States)

Jakob, Kristina; Ehrentreich, Hanna; Holtfrerich, Sarah K C; Reimers, Luise; Diekhof, Esther K

2018-01-01

Hormone by genotype interactions have been widely ignored by cognitive neuroscience. Yet, the dependence of cognitive performance on both baseline dopamine (DA) and current 17ß-estradiol (E2) level argues for their combined effect also in the context of reinforcement learning. Here, we assessed how the interaction between the natural rise of E2 in the late follicular phase (FP) and the 40 base-pair variable number tandem repeat polymorphism of the dopamine transporter (DAT1) affects reinforcement learning capacity. 30 women with a regular menstrual cycle performed a probabilistic feedback learning task twice during the early and late FP. In addition, 39 women, who took hormonal contraceptives (HC) to suppress natural ovulation, were tested during the "pill break" and the intake phase of HC. The present data show that DAT1-genotype may interact with transient hormonal state, but only in women with a natural menstrual cycle. We found that carriers of the 9-repeat allele (9RP) experienced a significant decrease in the ability to avoid punishment from early to late FP. Neither homozygote subjects of the 10RP allele, nor subjects from the HC group showed a change in behavior between phases. These data are consistent with neurobiological studies that found that rising E2 may reverse DA transporter function and could enhance DA efflux, which would in turn reduce punishment sensitivity particularly in subjects with a higher transporter density to begin with. Taken together, the present results, although based on a small sample, add to the growing understanding of the complex interplay between different physiological modulators of dopaminergic transmission. They may not only point out the necessity to control for hormonal state in behavioral genetic research, but may offer new starting points for studies in clinical settings.

DAT1-Genotype and Menstrual Cycle, but Not Hormonal Contraception, Modulate Reinforcement Learning: Preliminary Evidence

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kristina Jakob

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Hormone by genotype interactions have been widely ignored by cognitive neuroscience. Yet, the dependence of cognitive performance on both baseline dopamine (DA and current 17ß-estradiol (E2 level argues for their combined effect also in the context of reinforcement learning. Here, we assessed how the interaction between the natural rise of E2 in the late follicular phase (FP and the 40 base-pair variable number tandem repeat polymorphism of the dopamine transporter (DAT1 affects reinforcement learning capacity. 30 women with a regular menstrual cycle performed a probabilistic feedback learning task twice during the early and late FP. In addition, 39 women, who took hormonal contraceptives (HC to suppress natural ovulation, were tested during the “pill break” and the intake phase of HC. The present data show that DAT1-genotype may interact with transient hormonal state, but only in women with a natural menstrual cycle. We found that carriers of the 9-repeat allele (9RP experienced a significant decrease in the ability to avoid punishment from early to late FP. Neither homozygote subjects of the 10RP allele, nor subjects from the HC group showed a change in behavior between phases. These data are consistent with neurobiological studies that found that rising E2 may reverse DA transporter function and could enhance DA efflux, which would in turn reduce punishment sensitivity particularly in subjects with a higher transporter density to begin with. Taken together, the present results, although based on a small sample, add to the growing understanding of the complex interplay between different physiological modulators of dopaminergic transmission. They may not only point out the necessity to control for hormonal state in behavioral genetic research, but may offer new starting points for studies in clinical settings.

Post-test probability for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia based on umbilical cord blood bilirubin, direct antiglobulin test, and ABO compatibility results.

Science.gov (United States)

Peeters, Bart; Geerts, Inge; Van Mullem, Mia; Micalessi, Isabel; Saegeman, Veroniek; Moerman, Jan

2016-05-01

Many hospitals opt for early postnatal discharge of newborns with a potential risk of readmission for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Assays/algorithms with the possibility to improve prediction of significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia are needed to optimize screening protocols and safe discharge of neonates. This study investigated the predictive value of umbilical cord blood (UCB) testing for significant hyperbilirubinemia. Neonatal UCB bilirubin, UCB direct antiglobulin test (DAT), and blood group were determined, as well as the maternal blood group and the red blood cell antibody status. Moreover, in newborns with clinically apparent jaundice after visual assessment, plasma total bilirubin (TB) was measured. Clinical factors positively associated with UCB bilirubin were ABO incompatibility, positive DAT, presence of maternal red cell antibodies, alarming visual assessment and significant hyperbilirubinemia in the first 6 days of life. UCB bilirubin performed clinically well with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.82 (95 % CI 0.80-0.84). The combined UCB bilirubin, DAT, and blood group analysis outperformed results of these parameters considered separately to detect significant hyperbilirubinemia and correlated exponentially with hyperbilirubinemia post-test probability. Post-test probabilities for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can be calculated using exponential functions defined by UCB bilirubin, DAT, and ABO compatibility results. • The diagnostic value of the triad umbilical cord blood bilirubin measurement, direct antiglobulin testing and blood group analysis for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia remains unclear in literature. • Currently no guideline recommends screening for hyperbilirubinemia using umbilical cord blood. What is New: • Post-test probability for hyperbilirubinemia correlated exponentially with umbilical cord blood bilirubin in different risk groups defined by direct antiglobulin test and ABO blood group

Terminal area automatic navigation, guidance and control research using the Microwave Landing System (MLS). Part 5: Design and development of a Digital Integrated Automatic Landing System (DIALS) for steep final approach using modern control techniques

Science.gov (United States)

Halyo, N.

1983-01-01

The design and development of a 3-D Digital Integrated Automatic Landing System (DIALS) for the Terminal Configured Vehicle (TCV) Research Aircraft, a B-737-100 is described. The system was designed using sampled data Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LOG) methods, resulting in a direct digital design with a modern control structure which consists of a Kalman filter followed by a control gain matrix, all operating at 10 Hz. DIALS uses Microwave Landing System (MLS) position, body-mounted accelerometers, as well as on-board sensors usually available on commercial aircraft, but does not use inertial platforms. The phases of the final approach considered are the localizer and glideslope capture which may be performed simultaneously, localizer and steep glideslope track or hold, crab/decrab and flare to touchdown. DIALS captures, tracks and flares from steep glideslopes ranging from 2.5 deg to 5.5 deg, selected prior to glideslope capture. Digital Integrated Automatic Landing System is the first modern control design automatic landing system successfully flight tested. The results of an initial nonlinear simulation are presented here.

ADHD and DAT1: Further evidence of paternal over-transmission of risk alleles and haplotype

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hawi, Z.; Kent, L.; Hill, M.; Anney, R.J.; Brookes, K. J.; Barry, E.; Franke, B.; Banaschewski, T.; Buitelaar, J.; Ebstein, R.; Miranda, A.; Oades, R.D.; Roeyers, H.; Rothenberger, A.; Sergeant, J.A.; Sonuga-Barke, E.; Steinhausen, H.C.; Faraone, S.V.; Asherson, P.; Gill, M.

2009-01-01

We [Hawi et al. (2005); Am J Hum Genet 77:958-965] reported paternal over-transmission of risk alleles in some ADHD-associated genes. This was particularly clear in the case of the DAT1 30-UTR VNTR. In the current investigation, we analyzed three new sample comprising of 1,248 ADHD nuclear families

ADHD and DAT1: further evidence of paternal over-transmission of risk alleles and haplotype.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hawi, Z.; Kent, L.; Hill, M.; Anney, R.J.; Brookes, K.J.; Barry, E.; Franke, B.; Banaschewski, T.; Buitelaar, J.K.; Ebstein, R.; Miranda, A.; Oades, R.D.; Roeyers, H.; Rothenberger, A.; Sergeant, J.A.; Sonuga-Barke, E.J.S.; Steinhausen, H.C.; Faraone, S.V.; Asherson, P.; Gill, M.

2010-01-01

We [Hawi et al. (2005); Am J Hum Genet 77:958-965] reported paternal over-transmission of risk alleles in some ADHD-associated genes. This was particularly clear in the case of the DAT1 3'-UTR VNTR. In the current investigation, we analyzed three new sample comprising of 1,248 ADHD nuclear families

DRD4 and DAT1 in ADHD: Functional neurobiology to pharmacogenetics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Darko Turic

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Darko Turic1, James Swanson2, Edmund Sonuga-Barke1,31Institute for Disorders of Impulse and Attention, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, UK; 2Child Development Center, University of California, Irvine, California, US; 3Department of Experimental, Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, BelgiumAbstract: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD is a common and potentially very impairing neuropsychiatric disorder of childhood. Statistical genetic studies of twins have shown ADHD to be highly heritable, with the combination of genes and gene by environment interactions accounting for around 80% of phenotypic variance. The initial molecular genetic studies where candidates were selected because of the efficacy of dopaminergic compounds in the treatment of ADHD were remarkably successful and provided strong evidence for the role of DRD4 and DAT1 variants in the pathogenesis of ADHD. However, the recent application of noncandidate gene strategies (eg, genome-wide association scans has failed to identify additional genes with substantial genetic main effects, and the effects for DRD4 and DAT1 have not been replicated. This is the usual pattern observed for most other physical and mental disorders evaluated with current state-of-the-art methods. In this paper we discuss future strategies for genetic studies in ADHD, highlighting both the pitfalls and possible solutions relating to candidate gene studies, genome-wide studies, defining the phenotype, and statistical approaches.Keywords: dopamine, ADHD, pharmacogenetics, candidate gene

Effect of scopolamine on central DAT and D2 receptor in morphine dependent rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin Yansong; Wang Shizhen; Ding Shiyu; Chen Zhenping; Zhou Xiang; Fang Ping; Wang Bocheng

2004-01-01

Objective: To investigate the effect of scopolamine (Sco) on central dopamine transporter (DAT) and D 2 receptor in morphine (Mor) dependent rats. Methods: Chronic Mor exposure was induced by repeated Mor (20 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 , i.p.) treatment for 8 d. Conditioned place preference test was used to evaluate the drug seeking behavior. Biodistribution of the imaging agents 125 I-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) tropane (β-CIT) and 125 I-3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl] benzamide (IBZM) were used to evaluate the central DAT and D 2 receptor during chronic Mor exposure. Results: For the Mor plus pretreating with Sco (Mor+Sco) rats, the time for the rats entering C2 from C1 was (1.72 ± 0.69) min in the first day, with little difference from the control and Mor group (P>0.05), and (1.12 ± 0.33) min for the 8th day, still longer than that of the Mor group (t=5.171, P 125 I-β- CIT %ID/g in striatum (ST) and nucleus accumbens (NAC) for Mor + Sco group were 3.307 ± 0.189 and 1.577 ± 0.401 respectively, higher than those of the control group (2.431 ± 0.104, 1.441 ± 0.043, t was 4.151 and 5.416 respectively, P 125 I-IBZM %ID/g in ST, NAC, hippocampus (HIP) and frontal cortex (FC) for Mor + Sco group were 0.589 ± 0.081, 0.683 ± 0.046, 0.175 ± 0.039 and 0.257 ± 0.034 lower than that of the control rats (0.735 ± 0.096, 0.709 ± 0.098, 0.281 ± 0.038, 0.289 ± 0.020, t was 7.841, 6.170, 5.446 and 4.337 respectively, P 2 receptor induced by Mor to some extent

A psicoterapia dialógica de Martin Buber

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Ramón, Saturnino Pesquero

2010-01-01

Full Text Available A doutrina buberiana sobre os efeitos humanizadores do seu principio dialógico, que define o genuíno diálogo, estabelece a base para se alcançar tanto uma realização pessoal plena quanto uma sociedade construída sobre as relações interpessoais. Num primeiro momento, sua elaboração teórica e aplicação prática estiveram mais voltadas para o campo da sociologia e da educação. A partir da década dos anos 50, no entanto, privilegia seu viés psicológico e psicoterápico. O presente artigo objetiva expor os principais conceitos e postulados de seu modelo psicoterápico assim como a convergência do mesmo com o da Psicoterapia Centrada na Pessoa de C. Rogers

Invloed van UV straling in de kas. Fors minder plaaginsecten bij kasdek dat geen UV-licht doorlaat

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hemming, S.; Os, van E.

2007-01-01

Nieuwe energiebesparende kasdekmaterialen hebben een andere doorlatendheid voor UV-straling dan glas. Dat heeft niet alleen invloed op de groei van planten, maar ook op die van plaaginsecten, schimmels, predatoren en bestuivende insecten. In dit artikel komt het effect van UV op plaaginsecten,

Lidar/DIAL detection of acetone at 3.3 μm by a tunable OPO laser system

Science.gov (United States)

Puiu, A.; Fiorani, L.; Rosa, O.; Borelli, R.; Pistilli, M.; Palucci, A.

2014-08-01

In this paper we report, for the first time to our knowledge, on lidar/DIAL detection of acetone vapors at 3.3 μm by means of an optical parametric tunable laser system. After a preliminary spectroscopic study in an absorption cell, the feasibility of a differential absorption (DIAL) lidar for the detection of acetone vapors has been investigated in the laboratory, simulating the experimental conditions of a field campaign. Having in mind measurements in a real scenario, a study of possible atmospheric intereferents has been performed, looking for all known compounds that share acetone IR absorption in the spectral band selected for its detection. Possible interfering species from urban and industrial atmospheres were investigated and limits of acetone detection in both environments were identified. This study confirmed that a lidar system can detect a low concentration of acetone at considerable distances.

A Dialógica como Princípio Metodológico Transdisciplinar na Pesquisa em Educação

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Ana Maria S. Lucena

2016-07-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho apresenta a dialógica enquanto perspectiva de pesquisa transdiciplinar. O texto começa por referir o percurso seguido por Mikhail Bakthin, Paulo Freire, Edgar Morin e Basarab Nicolescu ao trabalharem a metodologia dialógica em suas obras. Além disso, discute a transdiciplinaridade compreendida em seu aspecto metodológico, como processo que ocorre em três etapas simultâneas: análise de diferentes níveis de realidade, a lógica do terceiro incluído e a complexidade. Buscou-se, através da pesquisa bibliográfica, levantar pontos teóricos sobre a dialogia e pesquisa transdisciplinas entre os autores supracitados. Na dialógica não se rejeita nenhuma flecha do conhecimento, o processo de conhecimento disciplinar, multidisciplinar, pluridisciplinar, interdisciplinar fazem parte da unidade na diversidade que compõe a transdiciplinaridade. Nesta perspectiva, Nicolescu (2000 diz que não há superação de um nível anterior de conhecimento, mas que os opostos coexistem e que, portanto, o princípio retroativo e de autorregulação ocorrem simultaneamente. Por isso, é um importante caminho metodológico para as ciências sociais.

Lidar and Dial application for detection and identification: a proposal to improve safety and security

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaudio, P.; Malizia, A.; Gelfusa, M.; Parracino, S.; Poggi, L.A.; Lungaroni, M.; Ciparisse, J.F.; Giovanni, D. Di; Cenciarelli, O.; Carestia, M.; Peluso, E.; Gabbarini, V.; Talebzadeh, S.; Bellecci, C.; Murari, A.

2017-01-01

Nowadays the intentional diffusion in air (both in open and confined environments) of chemical contaminants is a dramatic source of risk for the public health worldwide. The needs of a high-tech networks composed by software, diagnostics, decision support systems and cyber security tools are urging all the stakeholders (military, public, research and academic entities) to create innovative solutions to face this problem and improve both safety and security. The Quantum Electronics and Plasma Physics (QEP) Research Group of the University of Rome Tor Vergata is working since the 1960s on the development of laser-based technologies for the stand-off detection of contaminants in the air. Up to now, four demonstrators have been developed (two LIDAR-based and two DIAL-based) and have been used in experimental campaigns during all 2015. These systems and technologies can be used together to create an innovative solution to the problem of public safety and security: the creation of a network composed by detection systems: A low cost LIDAR based system has been tested in an urban area to detect pollutants coming from urban traffic, in this paper the authors show the results obtained in the city of Crotone (south of Italy). This system can be used as a first alarm and can be coupled with an identification system to investigate the nature of the threat. A laboratory dial based system has been used in order to create a database of absorption spectra of chemical substances that could be release in atmosphere, these spectra can be considered as the fingerprints of the substances that have to be identified. In order to create the database absorption measurements in cell, at different conditions, are in progress and the first results are presented in this paper.

Lidar and Dial application for detection and identification: a proposal to improve safety and security

Science.gov (United States)

Gaudio, P.; Malizia, A.; Gelfusa, M.; Murari, A.; Parracino, S.; Poggi, L. A.; Lungaroni, M.; Ciparisse, J. F.; Di Giovanni, D.; Cenciarelli, O.; Carestia, M.; Peluso, E.; Gabbarini, V.; Talebzadeh, S.; Bellecci, C.

2017-01-01

Nowadays the intentional diffusion in air (both in open and confined environments) of chemical contaminants is a dramatic source of risk for the public health worldwide. The needs of a high-tech networks composed by software, diagnostics, decision support systems and cyber security tools are urging all the stakeholders (military, public, research & academic entities) to create innovative solutions to face this problem and improve both safety and security. The Quantum Electronics and Plasma Physics (QEP) Research Group of the University of Rome Tor Vergata is working since the 1960s on the development of laser-based technologies for the stand-off detection of contaminants in the air. Up to now, four demonstrators have been developed (two LIDAR-based and two DIAL-based) and have been used in experimental campaigns during all 2015. These systems and technologies can be used together to create an innovative solution to the problem of public safety and security: the creation of a network composed by detection systems: A low cost LIDAR based system has been tested in an urban area to detect pollutants coming from urban traffic, in this paper the authors show the results obtained in the city of Crotone (south of Italy). This system can be used as a first alarm and can be coupled with an identification system to investigate the nature of the threat. A laboratory dial based system has been used in order to create a database of absorption spectra of chemical substances that could be release in atmosphere, these spectra can be considered as the fingerprints of the substances that have to be identified. In order to create the database absorption measurements in cell, at different conditions, are in progress and the first results are presented in this paper.

76 FR 53691 - Notice of Submission of Proposed Information Collection to OMB Section 8 Random Digit Dialing...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-29

... Proposed Information Collection to OMB Section 8 Random Digit Dialing Fair Marketing Rent Surveys AGENCY: Office of the Chief Information Officer, HUD. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The proposed information.... FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Colette Pollard., Reports Management Officer, QDAM, Department of...

DAT genotype modulates striatal processing and long-term memory for items associated with reward and punishment.

Science.gov (United States)

Wittmann, Bianca C; Tan, Geoffrey C; Lisman, John E; Dolan, Raymond J; Düzel, Emrah

2013-09-01

Previous studies have shown that appetitive motivation enhances episodic memory formation via a network including the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (SN/VTA), striatum and hippocampus. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study now contrasted the impact of aversive and appetitive motivation on episodic long-term memory. Cue pictures predicted monetary reward or punishment in alternating experimental blocks. One day later, episodic memory for the cue pictures was tested. We also investigated how the neural processing of appetitive and aversive motivation and episodic memory were modulated by dopaminergic mechanisms. To that end, participants were selected on the basis of their genotype for a variable number of tandem repeat polymorphism of the dopamine transporter (DAT) gene. The resulting groups were carefully matched for the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene. Recognition memory for cues from both motivational categories was enhanced in participants homozygous for the 10-repeat allele of the DAT, the functional effects of which are not known yet, but not in heterozygous subjects. In comparison with heterozygous participants, 10-repeat homozygous participants also showed increased striatal activity for anticipation of motivational outcomes compared to neutral outcomes. In a subsequent memory analysis, encoding activity in striatum and hippocampus was found to be higher for later recognized items in 10-repeat homozygotes compared to 9/10-repeat heterozygotes. These findings suggest that processing of appetitive and aversive motivation in the human striatum involve the dopaminergic system and that dopamine plays a role in memory for both types of motivational information. In accordance with animal studies, these data support the idea that encoding of motivational events depends on dopaminergic processes in the hippocampus. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Compreensão de contos após leitura dialógica com perguntas baseadas em dimensões temáticas da narrativa

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Fabio Hernandez Medeiros

Full Text Available RESUMO Investigou-se o efeito da leitura dialógica - leitura em voz alta intercalada com perguntas e feedback baseados em dimensões temáticas (funções da narrativa - sobre a compreensão de contos dos Irmãos Grimm. Vinte e dois contos foram lidos individualmente a três crianças, sendo duas com oito anos de idade e uma com treze, de forma simples (sem intervenções adicionais e dialógica, em um delineamento de linha de base múltipla por participante. A compreensão foi avaliada por meio da porcentagem de eventos do enredo e funções da narrativa verbalizadas em tarefas de reconto. A correspondência entre as histórias e os recontos foi superior na condição Leitura Dialógica, especialmente para funções narrativas. Discute-se o papel das perguntas, do reforçamento diferencial e do texto nos efeitos encontrados.

Genetic Variation of the Dopamine Transporter (DAT1) Influences the Acute Subjective Responses to Cocaine in Volunteers with Cocaine Use Disorders

Science.gov (United States)

Brewer, Alex J.; Nielsen, David A.; Spellicy, Catherine J.; Hamon, Sara C.; Gingrich, Justin; Thompson-Lake, Daisy G. Y.; Nielsen, Ellen M.; Mahoney, James J.; Kosten, Thomas R.; Newton, Thomas F.; De La Garza, Richard

2015-01-01

Objective : The aim of this study was to identify gene variants of DAT1 (SLC6A3) that modulate subjective responses to acute cocaine exposure. Methods Non-treatment seeking volunteers with cocaine use disorders (CUDs) received a single bolus infusion of saline and cocaine (40 mg, IV) in randomized order. Subjective effects were assessed with visual analog scales administered before (-15 min) and up to 20 min after infusion. Subjective effects ratings were normalized to baseline and saline infusion values were subtracted. Data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. DNA from subjects was genotyped for the DAT1 intron 8 (rs3836790) and 3’ UTR (rs28363170) variable number of tandem repeats. Results Participants were mostly male (~80%) and African American (~70%). No differences were found among drug use variables between groups for either polymorphism. Carriers of the 9-allele of the DAT1 3’ UTR (9,9 and 9,10) (n = 24) exhibited greater responses to cocaine for “high”, “any drug effect”, “anxious”, and “stimulated” (all p-values < 0.001) compared to individuals homozygous for the 10-allele (n = 33). For the intron 8 polymorphism, individuals homozygous for the 6 allele exhibited greater responses for “anxious” than carriers of the 5 allele (p < 0.001). Individuals possessing the genotype pattern of 10,10 and at least one 5-allele reported lower responses to “good effects”, “bad effects”, “depressed”, and “anxious” (all p-values < 0.01). Conclusions The data presented here support the hypothesis that genetic differences of DAT1 contribute to variation of subjective responses to cocaine among participants with CUDs. PMID:25850966

Diagnóstico laboratorial da anemia hemolítica auto-imune: características do teste manual direto do PolybreneÒ Laboratory diagnosis of auto-immune hemolytic anemia: characteristics of the manual direct test of PolybreneTM

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G.W. Braga

1998-03-01

Full Text Available O teste manual direto do PolybreneÒ (TDP e o teste de Coombs direto (TCD foram utilizados para a detecção de IgG na superfície de hemácias de pacientes com diagnóstico clínico e laboratorial de anemia hemolítica auto-imune (AHAI. OBJETIVO: Comparar a sensibilidade e especificidade do TPD e do TCD no diagnóstico da AHAI. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 18 pacientes com diagnóstico clínico-laboratorial de AHAI. Como indivíduos controles, foram testados 20 doadores de sangue assintomáticos e 20 pacientes com anemia falciforme. RESULTADOS: O TCD foi positivo em 14 pacientes e negativo em quatro indivíduos, enquanto o TDP foi positivo em 17 pacientes e negativo em um indivíduo que apresentava TCD positivo devido a fixação de complemento (C3d nas hemácias. Todos os eluatos positivos realizados com a técnica de diclorometano revelaram anticorpos quentes com especificidade "anti-Rh". A sensibilidade do TDP (94% para detectar fixação de IgG in vivo foi significantemente maior (pThe direct manual PolybreneTM test (DPT and the direct antiglobulin tests (DAT were employed to detect antibody sensitizing red blood cell (RCB in patients with clinical and laboratorial findings of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA. PURPOSE: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of DPT and DAT in the diagnosis of AIHA. METHODS: Eighteen consecutive patients with diagnosis of AIHA were evaluated. The control group consisted of 20 normal volunteers blood donors and 20 patients with sickle cell anemia. All patients and controls were submitted to DPT and DAT. All DAT positive samples were further tested using monospecific reagents ( anti-IgG heavy chain and anti-C3d. Positive samples for either DPT or DAT were evaluated by eluate technique using. The dichloromethane (DCM. RESULTS: The DAT was positive in 14 patients and negative in 4 subjects, while the DPT was positive in 17 patients and negative in 1 individual who had a positive DAT owing to complement (C3d. All

Collecting campaign for dials and hands with radium or tritium paint

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hammans, M.; Grunder, R.; Schaellibaum, H.

2005-01-01

The production of radium paint has been stopped in Switzerland nearly 40 years ago. Nevertheless high quantities of dials and hands with radium paint could be found in the stocks of watch companies. In addition these parts of watches were thrown away illegally as scrap metal or as rubbish. As a consequence the Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund (Suva) has organized a collecting campaign in collaboration with the Federal Office of Public Health (BAG). It was the fourth one during the last 20 years. The procedure and the experiences will be described in more details. (orig.)

La dialéctica como deconstruccion del dogmatismo jurídico.

OpenAIRE

Huicochea García, Oscar

2014-01-01

En este artículo me propongo demostrar cómo es que la dialéctica en su fase deconstructiva permite incidir en el denominado dogmatismo jurídico, entendiendo por éste concepto, un fenómeno certero, inmutable, ensimismado bajo dogmas y verdades absolutas; aspecto que en el ámbito pedagógico, ha imposibilitado la apertura cognitiva por parte de los estudiosos del Derecho hacia nuevos esquemas de representación sobre éste tópico del conocimiento. De esta forma, la Teoría pura del Derecho será emp...

The polymorphism of dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) and dopamine transporter (DAT) genes in the men with antisocial behaviour and mixed martial arts fighters.

Science.gov (United States)

Cherepkova, Elena V; Maksimov, Vladimir N; Kushnarev, Alexandr P; Shakhmatov, Igor I; Aftanas, Lyubomir I

2017-09-12

Variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms of DRD4 and DAT genes were studied in the Russian and Chechen men convicted of crimes, and two control groups comprised of the MMA fighters and a sample of general population. A group of MMA fighters included only the subjects without history of antisocial behaviour. DNA was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction from the blood. Genotyping VNTR polymorphisms of the DRD4 and DAT genes were performed by PCR on published methods. Among those convicted of felonies and most grave crimes, carriers of DRD4 long alleles are found more frequently, similarly to the cohort of MMA fighters (lacking criminal record in both paternal lines). The 9/9 DAT genotype carriers are more frequently encountered among the habitual offenders. A frequency of the combination of the DRD4 genotype 4/7 and DAT genotype 10/10 is clearly higher among the convicts of violent crimes and the MMA fighters. One can speculate the presence of a 'controlled aggression' without a predisposition to pathological violence in the MMA fighters. Our study supports the hypothesis of genetic predisposition to different variants of extreme behaviour mediated by genetic determinants involved in the functioning of neuromediator systems including those controlling dopamine pathways.

European multicentre database of healthy controls for [123I]FP-CIT SPECT (ENC-DAT): age-related effects, gender differences and evaluation of different methods of analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Varrone, Andrea; Dickson, John C.; Tossici-Bolt, Livia; Sera, Terez; Asenbaum, Susanne; Booij, Jan; Kapucu, Ozlem L.; Kluge, Andreas; Knudsen, Gitte M.; Koulibaly, Pierre Malick; Nobili, Flavio; Pagani, Marco; Sabri, Osama; Borght, Thierry vander; Laere, Koen van; Tatsch, Klaus

2013-01-01

Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging with [ 123 I]FP-CIT (DaTSCAN) is an established diagnostic tool in parkinsonism and dementia. Although qualitative assessment criteria are available, DAT quantification is important for research and for completion of a diagnostic evaluation. One critical aspect of quantification is the availability of normative data, considering possible age and gender effects on DAT availability. The aim of the European Normal Control Database of DaTSCAN (ENC-DAT) study was to generate a large database of [ 123 I]FP-CIT SPECT scans in healthy controls. SPECT data from 139 healthy controls (74 men, 65 women; age range 20 - 83 years, mean 53 years) acquired in 13 different centres were included. Images were reconstructed using the ordered-subset expectation-maximization algorithm without correction (NOACSC), with attenuation correction (AC), and with both attenuation and scatter correction using the triple-energy window method (ACSC). Region-of-interest analysis was performed using the BRASS software (caudate and putamen), and the Southampton method (striatum). The outcome measure was the specific binding ratio (SBR). A significant effect of age on SBR was found for all data. Gender had a significant effect on SBR in the caudate and putamen for the NOACSC and AC data, and only in the left caudate for the ACSC data (BRASS method). Significant effects of age and gender on striatal SBR were observed for all data analysed with the Southampton method. Overall, there was a significant age-related decline in SBR of between 4 % and 6.7 % per decade. This study provides a large database of [ 123 I]FP-CIT SPECT scans in healthy controls across a wide age range and with balanced gender representation. Higher DAT availability was found in women than in men. An average age-related decline in DAT availability of 5.5 % per decade was found for both genders, in agreement with previous reports. The data collected in this study may serve as a reference database for

DNA Methylation at the DAT Promoter and Risk for Psychopathology: Intergenerational Transmission between School-Age Youths and Their Parents in a Community Sample

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Silvia Cimino

2018-01-01

Full Text Available BackgroundThe effect of gene polymorphisms and promoter methylation, associated with maladaptive developmental outcomes, vary depending on environmental factors (e.g., parental psychopathology. Most studies have focused on 0- to 5-year-old children, adolescents, or adults, whereas there is dearth of research on school-age youths and pre-adolescents.MethodsIn a sample of 21 families recruited at schools, we addressed parents’ psychopathological symptoms (through SCL-90-R; offspring emotional–behavioral functioning (through CBCL-6–18; dopamine transporter gene (DAT1 for epigenetic status of the 5′-untranslated region (UTR and for genotype, i.e., variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism at the 3′-UTR. Possible associations were explored between bio-genetic and psychological characteristics within the same individual and between triplets of children, mothers, and fathers.ResultsDAT methylation of CpG at positions M1, M6, and M7 in mothers was correlated with maternal (phobic anxiety, whereas in fathers’ position M6 was related to paternal depression, anxiety, hostility, psychoticism, and higher Global Severity Index (GSI. No significant correlations were found between maternal and offspring DAT methylation. Significant correlations were found between fathers’ methylation at CpG M1 and children’s methylation at CpG M6. Linear regressions showed that mothers and fathers’ GSI predicted children’s methylation at CpG sites M2, M3, and M6, whereas fathers’ GSI predicted children’s methylation at CpG sites, particularly M1, M2, and M6. Moreover, offspring methylation of DAT at CpG M2 predicted somatic complaint, internalizing and attention problems; methylation of DAT at CpG M6 predicted withdraw.ConclusionThis study may have important clinical implication for the prevention and treatment of emotional–behavioral difficulties in children, as it adds to previous knowledge about the role of genetic and environmental factors in

A global historical data set of tropical cyclone exposure (TCE-DAT)

Science.gov (United States)

Geiger, Tobias; Frieler, Katja; Bresch, David N.

2018-01-01

Tropical cyclones pose a major risk to societies worldwide, with about 22 million directly affected people and damages of USD 29 billion on average per year over the last 20 years. While data on observed cyclones tracks (location of the center) and wind speeds are publicly available, these data sets do not contain information about the spatial extent of the storm and people or assets exposed. Here, we apply a simplified wind field model to estimate the areas exposed to wind speeds above 34, 64, and 96 knots (kn). Based on available spatially explicit data on population densities and gross domestic product (GDP) we estimate (1) the number of people and (2) the sum of assets exposed to wind speeds above these thresholds accounting for temporal changes in historical distribution of population and assets (TCE-hist) and assuming fixed 2015 patterns (TCE-2015). The associated spatially explicit and aggregated country-event-level exposure data (TCE-DAT) cover the period 1950 to 2015 and are freely available at https://doi.org/10.5880/pik.2017.011 (Geiger at al., 2017c). It is considered key information to (1) assess the contribution of climatological versus socioeconomic drivers of changes in exposure to tropical cyclones, (2) estimate changes in vulnerability from the difference in exposure and reported damages and calibrate associated damage functions, and (3) build improved exposure-based predictors to estimate higher-level societal impacts such as long-term effects on GDP, employment, or migration. We validate the adequateness of our methodology by comparing our exposure estimate to estimated exposure obtained from reported wind fields available since 1988 for the United States. We expect that the free availability of the underlying model and TCE-DAT will make research on tropical cyclone risks more accessible to non-experts and stakeholders.

Mini-DIAL system measurements coupled with multivariate data analysis to identify TIC and TIM simulants: preliminary absorption database analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaudio, P; Malizia, A; Gelfusa, M; Poggi, L.A.; Martinelli, E.; Di Natale, C.; Bellecci, C.

2017-01-01

Nowadays Toxic Industrial Components (TICs) and Toxic Industrial Materials (TIMs) are one of the most dangerous and diffuse vehicle of contamination in urban and industrial areas. The academic world together with the industrial and military one are working on innovative solutions to monitor the diffusion in atmosphere of such pollutants. In this phase the most common commercial sensors are based on “point detection” technology but it is clear that such instruments cannot satisfy the needs of the smart cities. The new challenge is developing stand-off systems to continuously monitor the atmosphere. Quantum Electronics and Plasma Physics (QEP) research group has a long experience in laser system development and has built two demonstrators based on DIAL (Differential Absorption of Light) technology could be able to identify chemical agents in atmosphere. In this work the authors will present one of those DIAL system, the miniaturized one, together with the preliminary results of an experimental campaign conducted on TICs and TIMs simulants in cell with aim of use the absorption database for the further atmospheric an analysis using the same DIAL system. The experimental results are analysed with standard multivariate data analysis technique as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to develop a classification model aimed at identifying organic chemical compound in atmosphere. The preliminary results of absorption coefficients of some chemical compound are shown together pre PCA analysis. (paper)

Presence and function of dopamine transporter (DAT in stallion sperm: dopamine modulates sperm motility and acrosomal integrity.

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Javier A Urra

Full Text Available Dopamine is a catecholamine with multiple physiological functions, playing a key role in nervous system; however its participation in reproductive processes and sperm physiology is controversial. High dopamine concentrations have been reported in different portions of the feminine and masculine reproductive tract, although the role fulfilled by this catecholamine in reproductive physiology is as yet unknown. We have previously shown that dopamine type 2 receptor is functional in boar sperm, suggesting that dopamine acts as a physiological modulator of sperm viability, capacitation and motility. In the present study, using immunodetection methods, we revealed the presence of several proteins important for the dopamine uptake and signalling in mammalian sperm, specifically monoamine transporters as dopamine (DAT, serotonin (SERT and norepinephrine (NET transporters in equine sperm. We also demonstrated for the first time in equine sperm a functional dopamine transporter using 4-[4-(Dimethylaminostyryl]-N-methylpyridinium iodide (ASP(+, as substrate. In addition, we also showed that dopamine (1 mM treatment in vitro, does not affect sperm viability but decreases total and progressive sperm motility. This effect is reversed by blocking the dopamine transporter with the selective inhibitor vanoxerine (GBR12909 and non-selective inhibitors of dopamine reuptake such as nomifensine and bupropion. The effect of dopamine in sperm physiology was evaluated and we demonstrated that acrosome integrity and thyrosine phosphorylation in equine sperm is significantly reduced at high concentrations of this catecholamine. In summary, our results revealed the presence of monoamine transporter DAT, NET and SERT in equine sperm, and that the dopamine uptake by DAT can regulate sperm function, specifically acrosomal integrity and sperm motility.

‘Dat nooit meer’ – ‘Never Again’

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James Kennedy

2013-06-01

Full Text Available In October of 2011 the Dutch historian and journalist Chris van der Heijden defended his dissertation Dat nooit meer – ‘Never Again’ which came out at the same time in a trade edition. In his 900-page magnum opus, supervised by the historians Hans Blom and Ido de Haan, Van der Heijden attempted to reconstruct ‘the aftermath of the Second World War in the Netherlands’. To do this, he offered a ‘thick description’ of incidents, affairs, public events and contemporary historiography, which togetherconstructed the culture and politics of memory about that war. Van der Heijden’s work immediately generated controversy in the Netherlands. Various historians at the public defence of the dissertation expressedfundamental criticisms of the book, a trend also evident in the media and in several reviews. The disapproval addressed the author’s method, use of sources and interpretative framework (or lack thereof, often in strong terms. Van der Heijden started a web-based blog to answer his critics and a heated debate continued for some time.

La Terapia Dialéctico Conductual para el tratamiento del Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad.

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Matilde Elices

2011-06-01

Full Text Available La Terapia Dialéctico Conductual (TDC ha sido creada por la Dra. Marsha Linehan, para el tratamiento de pacientes con intentos suicidas recurrentes y diagnóstico de Trastorno Limite de la Personalidad (TLP. Es un modelo terapéutico perteneciente a la “tercera ola” en psicoterapias cognitivas, puesto que se basa en las ciencias del comportamiento e incluye elementos de Mindfulness y de la filosofía dialéctica. En la actualidad la TDC es el tratamiento con mayor evidencia empírica para el TLP, demostrando ser efectiva en la reducción de varios problemas asociados a este trastorno, como ser: autolesiones, intentos de autoeliminación, ideación suicida, desesperanza, depresión y comportamientos asociados a la bulimia. El objetivo de este artículo es desarrollar los fundamentos teóricos y conceptuales básicos sobre los que se construye la TDC, y exponer sus principales directrices de tratamiento. También se establecen las principales diferencias con la terapia cognitivo – conductual standard.

Data acquisition and test system software

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bourgeois, N.A. Jr.

1979-03-01

Sandia Laboratories has been assigned the task by the Base and Installation Security Systems (BISS) Program Office to develop various aspects of perimeter security systems. One part of this effort involves the development of advanced signal processing techniques to reduce the false and nuisance alarms from sensor systems while improving the probability of intrusion detection. The need existed for both data acquisition hardware and software. Also, the hardware is used to implement and test the signal processing algorithms in real time. The hardware developed for this signal processing task is the Data Acquisition and Test System (DATS). The programs developed for use on DATS are described. The descriptions are taken directly from the documentation included within the source programs themselves

Characterization of the EPRI Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) System. Final report. [For remote sensing of air pollutants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baumgartner, R.A.; Depp, J.G.; Evans, W.E.; Grant, W.B.; Hawley, J.G.; March, R.G.; Murray, E.R.; Proctor, E.K.

1979-12-01

SRI International designed and constructed a DIfferential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) to provide EPRI with a mobile field system for remote measurements of SO/sub 2/, NO/sub 3/, and O/sub 3/. After field testing the lidar was prepared for the sytem calibration testing where lidar measurements were compared to in situ profiles of SO/sub 2/, NO/sub 2/, and O/sub 3/. This two-week field program determined overall system accuracy and reliability in measuring varying ambient gas concentrations. The lidar was then returned to SRI for detailed subsystem performance evaluations. Improvements were made wherever possible, and the lidar was prepared for further systems tests. Tests were made using an NO/sub 2/ sample chamber to simulate a calibrated NO/sub 2/ plume, and ambient measured NO/sub 2/ concentrations were compared with values from a regional air pollutant monitoring station. Following the local calibration and the systems field tests, SRI evaluated the performance and reliability of the EPRI lidar. Based on that evaluation, SRI undertook a major analysis of possible system improvements. Although the remote measuring capability had been successfully demonstrated in the field program, SRI makes several recommendations for systems improvements which would increase the lidar accuracy and reliability.

Lidar/DIAL detection of acetone at 3.3 μm by a tunable OPO laser system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Puiu, A; Fiorani, L; Borelli, R; Pistilli, M; Palucci, A; Rosa, O

2014-01-01

In this paper we report, for the first time to our knowledge, on lidar/DIAL detection of acetone vapors at 3.3 μm by means of an optical parametric tunable laser system. After a preliminary spectroscopic study in an absorption cell, the feasibility of a differential absorption (DIAL) lidar for the detection of acetone vapors has been investigated in the laboratory, simulating the experimental conditions of a field campaign. Having in mind measurements in a real scenario, a study of possible atmospheric intereferents has been performed, looking for all known compounds that share acetone IR absorption in the spectral band selected for its detection. Possible interfering species from urban and industrial atmospheres were investigated and limits of acetone detection in both environments were identified. This study confirmed that a lidar system can detect a low concentration of acetone at considerable distances. (paper)

Marxismo histórico-dialético: questões teóricas e metodológicas

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Adrián Sotelo Valencia

2012-08-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo discute a pertinencia metodológica e epistemológica do marxismo - esuas expressões no materialismo histórico e dialético - afim de compreender a dinâmicadas trocas capitalistas e suas transformações nos fenômenos sociais e humanos no séculoXXI.

Dialéctica y estructura en la teoría sociológica. La búsqueda de un método lógico

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RICHARD HARVEY BROWN

1987-01-01

Full Text Available Revisión de la teoría sociológica moderna: positivismo y romanticismo en el trabajo de Karl Marx, Max Weber y Emile Durkheim; funcionalismo, interacción simbólica, y etnometodología; y dialéctica y estructura en el trabajo de Jean-Jean-Paul Sartre y Claude Levi-Strauss. El proceso dialéctico se considera como método de construcción de teoría sociológica, ya que considera la subjetividad mientras que mantiene el rigor de la objetividad.

Central nervous system tumors and related intracranial pathologies in radium dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stebbings, J.H.; Semkiw, W.

1988-01-01

Among the female radiation workers in the radium dial industry there is no overall excess of brain or central nervous system tumors. A significant excess did appear, however, in one of three major cohorts; the excess was not due to an excess of gliomas and cannot be ascribed with certainty to radium or external radiation. A significant proportional excess of tumors outside the brain was observed, and is consistent with irradiation of nervous system tissue from adjacent bone. Early deaths from brain abscess or mastoiditis, which are coded as diseases of the nervous system and sense organs, were observed. 12 refs., 11 tabs

La dialèctica com deconstrucció del dogmatisme jurídic.

OpenAIRE

Huicochea García, Oscar

2014-01-01

En este artículo me propongo demostrar cómo es que la dialéctica en su fase deconstructiva permite incidir en el denominado dogmatismo jurídico, entendiendo por éste concepto, un fenómeno certero, inmutable, ensimismado bajo dogmas y verdades absolutas; aspecto que en el ámbito pedagógico, ha imposibilitado la apertura cognitiva por parte de los estudiosos del Derecho hacia nuevos esquemas de representación sobre éste tópico del conocimiento. De esta forma, la Teoría pura del Derecho será emp...

‘Dat is wel eens anders geweest!’ Geschiedenis op de Nederlandse televisie

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Paul Knevel

2015-03-01

Full Text Available It was Different Then!: History on Dutch TelevisionIn ‘Dat is wel eens anders geweest!’ [It was different then!] Paul Knevel and Jouke Turpijn attempt to provide tools for historians to analyse history on the television in a broad historiographical perspective. They cover the first history productions in the Netherlands and the remarkable success of major series in the twentyfirst century. The difficult relation between academic and public history on the television in the Netherlands is placed in an international context. De Gouden Eeuw [The Golden Age] serves as a case study to investigate history series. While De Gouden Eeuw was a big success, it also demonstrates certain limits to Dutch history productions. In ‘Dat is wel eens anders geweest!’ reiken Paul Knevel en Jouke Turpijnhandvatten aan om geschiedenis op televisie in een breed histori(ografisch perspectief te duiden. Vertrekkend vanaf de eerste producties bespreken zij het wonderbaarlijke succes van geschiedenisseries in de eenentwintigste eeuw. Zij staan stil bij de moeizame relatie in Nederland tussen academische geschiedenis en geschiedenis op televisie en vergelijken dit met andere landen. Daarna analyseren zij de serie De Gouden Eeuw, die enerzijds het beste in het genre naar boven heeft gehaald in termen van kijkcijfers, de multimediale aanpak en het evoceren van een ver voorbij verleden. Anderzijds roepen deze en eerdere series de vraag op of er niet iets te winnen valt met andere presentatievormen, waarbij een alwetende presentator misschien wel meer kennis- en visie-overdracht oplevert dan de in Nederland gebruikelijkere presentator die alles wil weten.

ClimaDat: A long-term network to study at different scales climatic processes and interactions between climatic compartments

Science.gov (United States)

Morgui, Josep Anton; Agueda, Alba; Batet, Oscar; Curcoll, Roger; Ealo, Marina; Grossi, Claudia; Occhipinti, Paola; Sánchez-García, Laura; Arias, Rosa; Rodó, Xavi

2013-04-01

ClimaDat (www.climadat.es) is a pioneer project of the Institut Català de Ciències del Clima (IC3) in collaboration with and funded by "la Caixa" Foundation. This project aims at studying the interactions between climate and ecosystems at different spatial and temporal scales. The ClimaDat project consists of a network of eight long-term observatory stations distributed over Spain, installed at natural and remote areas, and covering different climatic domains (e.g. Mediterranean, Atlantic, subtropics) and natural systems (e.g. delta, karsts, high mountain areas). Data obtained in the ClimaDat network will help us to understand how ecosystems are influenced by and eventually might feedback different processes in the climate system. The point of focus of these studies will be taken into account regional-and-local conditions to understand climatic global scale eventsThe data gathered will be used to study the behavior of the global element cycles and associated greenhouse gas emissions. The network is expected to offer near real-time (NRT) data free for the scientific community. Instrumentation installed at these stations mainly consists of: CO2, CH4, H2O, CO, N2O, SF6 and 222Rn analyzers, isotopic CO2, CH4 and H2O analyzers, meteorological sensors, eddy covariance equipment, four-component radiometers, soil moisture and temperature sensors, and sap flow meters. Each station may have a more focused subset of all this equipment, depending on the specific characteristics of the site. Instrumentation selected for this network has been chosen to comply with standards established in international research infrastructure projects, such as ICOS (http://www.icos-infrastructure.eu/home) or InGOS (http://www.ingos-infrastructure.eu/). Preliminary data time-series of greenhouse gases concentrations and meteorological variables are presented in this study for three currently operational ClimaDat stations: the Natural Park of the Ebre Delta (lat 40.75° N - long 0.79° E), the

Rare Autism-Associated Variants Implicate Syntaxin 1 (STX1 R26Q) Phosphorylation and the Dopamine Transporter (hDAT R51W) in Dopamine Neurotransmission and Behaviors

OpenAIRE

Cartier, Etienne; Hamilton, Peter J.; Belovich, Andrea N.; Shekar, Aparna; Campbell, Nicholas G.; Saunders, Christine; Andreassen, Thorvald F.; Gether, Ulrik; Veenstra-Vanderweele, Jeremy; Sutcliffe, James S.; Ulery-Reynolds, Paula G.; Erreger, Kevin; Matthies, Heinrich J.G.; Galli, Aurelio

2015-01-01

Background: Syntaxin 1 (STX1) is a presynaptic plasma membrane protein that coordinates synaptic vesicle fusion. STX1 also regulates the function of neurotransmitter transporters, including the dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT). The DAT is a membrane protein that controls DA homeostasis through the high-affinity re-uptake of synaptically released DA. Methods: We adopt newly developed animal models and state-of-the-art biophysical techniques to determine the contribution of the identified gen...

O REPENSAR EXTENSIONISTA: A dialógica freireana e a tecnocracia modernizante na agricultura brasileira

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Ada Cristina Machado Silveira

1993-04-01

Full Text Available O artigo trata de um campo de consciência existente numa metodologia específica da prática extensionista do Brasil, por ela denominada de "comunicação rural". A exposição visa a compreensão de dificuldades de implementação da comunicação dialógica de Paulo Freire na prática da Extensão Rural.

Proposed standardized definitions for vertical resolution and uncertainty in the NDACC lidar ozone and temperature algorithms - Part 2: Ozone DIAL uncertainty budget

Science.gov (United States)

Leblanc, Thierry; Sica, Robert J.; van Gijsel, Joanna A. E.; Godin-Beekmann, Sophie; Haefele, Alexander; Trickl, Thomas; Payen, Guillaume; Liberti, Gianluigi

2016-08-01

A standardized approach for the definition, propagation, and reporting of uncertainty in the ozone differential absorption lidar data products contributing to the Network for the Detection for Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) database is proposed. One essential aspect of the proposed approach is the propagation in parallel of all independent uncertainty components through the data processing chain before they are combined together to form the ozone combined standard uncertainty. The independent uncertainty components contributing to the overall budget include random noise associated with signal detection, uncertainty due to saturation correction, background noise extraction, the absorption cross sections of O3, NO2, SO2, and O2, the molecular extinction cross sections, and the number densities of the air, NO2, and SO2. The expression of the individual uncertainty components and their step-by-step propagation through the ozone differential absorption lidar (DIAL) processing chain are thoroughly estimated. All sources of uncertainty except detection noise imply correlated terms in the vertical dimension, which requires knowledge of the covariance matrix when the lidar signal is vertically filtered. In addition, the covariance terms must be taken into account if the same detection hardware is shared by the lidar receiver channels at the absorbed and non-absorbed wavelengths. The ozone uncertainty budget is presented as much as possible in a generic form (i.e., as a function of instrument performance and wavelength) so that all NDACC ozone DIAL investigators across the network can estimate, for their own instrument and in a straightforward manner, the expected impact of each reviewed uncertainty component. In addition, two actual examples of full uncertainty budget are provided, using nighttime measurements from the tropospheric ozone DIAL located at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Table Mountain Facility, California, and nighttime measurements from the JPL

Generation of the ECP database (ECP02.DAT) at the beginning of the cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde; Generacion de la base ECP (ECP02.DAT) al inicio del ciclo 1 de la Unidad 1 de Laguna Verde

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perusquia C, R. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

1992-10-15

In order to carrying out a comparison among the results provided for the Program of Estimate of the ECP Critical Position and the Shutdown/Startup produced in the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde, it was generated the base of the ECP program, following the outlines settled down in the Procedure 'Generation of ECP Database for Laguna Verde' (IT.SN/DFR 074). Next the data sheets filled when being generated the ECP02.DAT database at the beginning of the cycle are provided. In the IT.SN/DFR 079 report 'Adjustment and Preliminary Evaluation of the Predictions of Criticity of the ECP Program with Reported Data of Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde, the results of the comparison among the estimates of the ECP program using the ECP02.DAT with the real data of the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde are presented. (Author)

El método dialéctico transfinitante de Juan David García Bacca y el humanismo positivo como horizonte de la facticidad social

OpenAIRE

Gimeno Monfort, Xavier

2015-01-01

Nuestra intención en el presente trabajo es el siguiente: presentar del modo más sintético, concreto y preciso, las claves del “método dialéctico transfinitante” garcibacquiano. Analizaremos desde un punto de vista hermenéutico y crítico, el modo en el que el método dialéctico transfinitante es, en sí mismo, el sustento filosófico del humanismo positivo. Para ello, analizaremos los principales argumentos expuestos en Curso sistemático de filosofía actual que, a nue...

Leishmaniasis direct agglutination test: using pictorials as training materials to reduce inter-reader variability and improve accuracy.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emily R Adams

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: The Direct Agglutination Test (DAT has a high diagnostic accuracy and remains, in some geographical areas, part of the diagnostic algorithm for Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL. However, subjective interpretation of results introduces potential for inter-reader variation. We report an assessment of inter-laboratory agreement and propose a pictorial-based approach to standardize reading of the DAT. METHODOLOGY: In preparation for a comparative evaluation of immunochromatographic diagnostics for VL, a proficiency panel of 15 well-characterized sera, DAT-antigen from a single batch and common protocol was sent to nine laboratories in Latin-America, East-Africa and Asia. Agreement (i.e., equal titre or within 1 titer with the reading by the reference laboratory was computed. Due to significant inter-laboratory disagreement on-site refresher training was provided to all technicians performing DAT. Photos of training plates were made, and end-titres agreed upon by experienced users of DAT within the Visceral-Leishmaniasis Laboratory-Network (VL-LN. RESULTS: Pre-training, concordance in DAT results with reference laboratories was only 50%, although agreement on negative sera was high (94%. After refresher training concordance increased to 84%; agreement on negative controls increased to 98%. Variance in readings significantly decreased after training from 3.3 titres to an average of 1.0 titre (two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney test (z = -3,624 and p = 0.0003. CONCLUSION: The most probable explanation for disagreement was subjective endpoint reading. Using pictorials as training materials may be a useful tool to reduce disparity in results and promote more standardized reading of DAT, without compromising diagnostic sensitivity.

El método conexivo-dialéctico en la investigación de la Geografía

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Jorge A. Vivó

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Publicado en: Vivó, J. (1979, "El método conexivo-dialéctico en la investigación de la geografía", Anuario de Geografía, Fac. de Filosofía y Letras, año XIX, UNAM, México, pp. 91-105.

European multicentre database of healthy controls for [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT SPECT (ENC-DAT): age-related effects, gender differences and evaluation of different methods of analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Varrone, Andrea [Karolinska University Hospital, R5:02, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm (Sweden); Dickson, John C. [UCLH NHS Foundation Trust and University College, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, London (United Kingdom); Tossici-Bolt, Livia [University Hospitals Southampton NHS Trust, Department of Medical Physics, Southampton (United Kingdom); Sera, Terez [University of Szeged, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Euromedic Szeged, Szeged (Hungary); Asenbaum, Susanne [Medical University of Vienna, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Vienna (Austria); Booij, Jan [University of Amsterdam, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Kapucu, Ozlem L. [Gazi University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara (Turkey); Kluge, Andreas [ABX-CRO, Dresden (Germany); Knudsen, Gitte M. [Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen (Denmark); Koulibaly, Pierre Malick [University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nuclear Medicine Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice (France); Nobili, Flavio [University of Genoa, Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology and Genetics, Genoa (Italy); Pagani, Marco [Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, CNR, Rome (Italy); Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Stockholm (Sweden); Sabri, Osama [University of Leipzig, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig (Germany); Borght, Thierry vander [Universite Catholique de Louvain, Nuclear Medicine Division, Mont-Godinne Medical Center, Yvoir (Belgium); Laere, Koen van [University Hospital and K.U. Leuven, Nuclear Medicine, Leuven (Belgium); Tatsch, Klaus [Municipal Hospital of Karlsruhe Inc, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Karlsruhe (Germany)

2013-02-15

Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging with [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT (DaTSCAN) is an established diagnostic tool in parkinsonism and dementia. Although qualitative assessment criteria are available, DAT quantification is important for research and for completion of a diagnostic evaluation. One critical aspect of quantification is the availability of normative data, considering possible age and gender effects on DAT availability. The aim of the European Normal Control Database of DaTSCAN (ENC-DAT) study was to generate a large database of [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT SPECT scans in healthy controls. SPECT data from 139 healthy controls (74 men, 65 women; age range 20 - 83 years, mean 53 years) acquired in 13 different centres were included. Images were reconstructed using the ordered-subset expectation-maximization algorithm without correction (NOACSC), with attenuation correction (AC), and with both attenuation and scatter correction using the triple-energy window method (ACSC). Region-of-interest analysis was performed using the BRASS software (caudate and putamen), and the Southampton method (striatum). The outcome measure was the specific binding ratio (SBR). A significant effect of age on SBR was found for all data. Gender had a significant effect on SBR in the caudate and putamen for the NOACSC and AC data, and only in the left caudate for the ACSC data (BRASS method). Significant effects of age and gender on striatal SBR were observed for all data analysed with the Southampton method. Overall, there was a significant age-related decline in SBR of between 4 % and 6.7 % per decade. This study provides a large database of [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT SPECT scans in healthy controls across a wide age range and with balanced gender representation. Higher DAT availability was found in women than in men. An average age-related decline in DAT availability of 5.5 % per decade was found for both genders, in agreement with previous reports. The data collected in this study may serve as a reference

EuReDatA - project groups: An overview of objectives and results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luisi, T.

1986-01-01

The EuReDatA Association was formed to harmonize research and development work in the field of Reliability Data Banks, in particular by promoting the adoption of agreed definitions and procedures aimed at the exchange of information and experience on reliability data acquisition among members. To solve the problems arising from the organization and control of the large effort various ad-hoc project groups were created to work out solutions for specific topics. This paper describes the effort made and the results obtained by such specialized groups which have already produced reports that could be utilized by people active in an ever-widening variety of disciplines to facilitate the useful exchange of reliability information among them. (orig./DG)

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA no rastreio de comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL em pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC pré-dialítica

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Marilise de Andrade Paraizo

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo Introdução: Indivíduos com doença renal crônica (DRC têm grande risco de desenvolver comprometimento cognitivo (CC, inicialmente leve (CCL, passível de identificação, mas ainda subdiagnosticado e subtratado. O Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA vem sendo indicado para rastreio de CCL na DRC. Objetivo: Avaliar o CCL em indivíduos com DRC pré-dialítica. Métodos: O estudo foi realizado em 72 indivíduos, não idosos, com DRC nos estágios pré-dialíticos. A avaliação neuropsicológica incluiu: o teste de cognição global MoCA; o teste do relógio (TDR; o Digit Span ordem direta (DOD e inversa (DOI; o teste de fluência verbal (FV, fonêmica (FAS e semântica (animais; o punho-borda-mão (PBM; e de memória 10 figuras. Resultados: A média de idade dos participantes foi de 56,74 ± 7,63 anos, com predominância de homens (55,6%, com escolaridade ≥ 4 anos (84,3%, a maioria com DRC 1, 2 e 3a e 3b (67,6%, hipertensa (93,1% e diabética (52,1%. O CC (MoCA ≤ 24 foi observado em 73,6% dos usuários. Não encontramos associação das variáveis demográficas e clínicas com CC, mas tendência de associação com a idade (p = 0,07, com a escolaridade (p = 0,06 e com o DM (0,06. Os testes de função executiva, TDR, DOI e PBM, isoladamente, apresentaram boa sensibilidade e valor preditivo negativo comparados ao MoCA para a identificação de CC e, em conjunto, foram capazes de predizer o resultado do MoCA. Conclusão: O CCL é frequente em usuários não idosos com DRC pré-dialítica. O TDR, DOI e PBM associados são equivalentes ao MoCA na identificação do CC nessa população, sugerindo comprometimento de funções executivas.

Development and Deployment of a Compact Eye-Safe Scanning Differential absorption Lidar (DIAL) for Spatial Mapping of Carbon Dioxide for Monitoring/Verification/Accounting at Geologic Sequestration Sites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Repasky, Kevin

2014-03-31

A scanning differential absorption lidar (DIAL) instrument for monitoring carbon dioxide has been developed. The laser transmitter uses two tunable discrete mode laser diodes (DMLD) operating in the continuous wave (cw) mode with one locked to the online absorption wavelength and the other operating at the offline wavelength. Two in-line fiber optic switches are used to switch between online and offline operation. After the fiber optic switch, an acousto- optic modulator (AOM) is used to generate a pulse train used to injection seed an erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) to produce eye-safe laser pulses with maximum pulse energies of 66 {micro}J, a pulse repetition frequency of 15 kHz, and an operating wavelength of 1.571 {micro}m. The DIAL receiver uses a 28 cm diameter Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope to collect that backscattered light, which is then monitored using a photo-multiplier tube (PMT) module operating in the photon counting mode. The DIAL instrument has been operated from a laboratory environment on the campus of Montana State University, at the Zero Emission Research Technology (ZERT) field site located in the agricultural research area on the western end of the Montana State University campus, and at the Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership site located in north-central Montana. DIAL data has been collected and profiles have been validated using a co-located Licor LI-820 Gas Analyzer point sensor.

FirstSearch and NetFirst--Web and Dial-up Access: Plus Ca Change, Plus C'est la Meme Chose?

Science.gov (United States)

Koehler, Wallace; Mincey, Danielle

1996-01-01

Compares and evaluates the differences between OCLC's dial-up and World Wide Web FirstSearch access methods and their interfaces with the underlying databases. Also examines NetFirst, OCLC's new Internet catalog, the only Internet tracking database from a "traditional" database service. (Author/PEN)

Management of blood donors and blood donations from individuals found to have a positive direct antiglobulin test.

Science.gov (United States)

Hannon, Judith L

2012-04-01

The medical literature is replete with articles addressing the diagnosis and management of patients with a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT). However, there is scant information addressing the management of blood donors and blood donations found to have a positive DAT. Practices vary considerably between countries and blood suppliers within countries, and there is no standardized approach to the management of these blood donors or the blood products prepared from their donations. Recent evidence from Israel suggests that the finding of a positive DAT in a blood donor may not be as benign as previously thought. Therefore, it may be prudent for blood collection agencies to periodically reexamine their approach to the management of blood donors with a positive DAT and their donations. This article reviews the available literature and explores options for the management of DAT-positive blood donors and their blood donations. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Central nervous system tumours and related intracranial pathologies in radium dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stebbings, J.H.; Semkiw, W.

1989-01-01

Among female radiation workers in the radium dial industry there is no overall excess of fatal brain or central nervous system tumours. A significant excess did appear, in one of three major cohorts; the excess was not due to an excess of gliomas and cannot be ascribed with certainty to radium or external radiation. A significant proportional excess of tumours outside of the brain was observed, consistent with irradiation of nervous system tissue from adjacent bone. Excess tumours of the eye, pituitary or pineal did not occur. Early deaths from brain abscess or mastoiditis, coded as diseases of the nervous system and sense organs, were observed. (author)

Integrating stochastic time-dependent travel speed in solution methods for the dynamic dial-a-ride problem.

Science.gov (United States)

Schilde, M; Doerner, K F; Hartl, R F

2014-10-01

In urban areas, logistic transportation operations often run into problems because travel speeds change, depending on the current traffic situation. If not accounted for, time-dependent and stochastic travel speeds frequently lead to missed time windows and thus poorer service. Especially in the case of passenger transportation, it often leads to excessive passenger ride times as well. Therefore, time-dependent and stochastic influences on travel speeds are relevant for finding feasible and reliable solutions. This study considers the effect of exploiting statistical information available about historical accidents, using stochastic solution approaches for the dynamic dial-a-ride problem (dynamic DARP). The authors propose two pairs of metaheuristic solution approaches, each consisting of a deterministic method (average time-dependent travel speeds for planning) and its corresponding stochastic version (exploiting stochastic information while planning). The results, using test instances with up to 762 requests based on a real-world road network, show that in certain conditions, exploiting stochastic information about travel speeds leads to significant improvements over deterministic approaches.

A Crítica da Economia Política e a Nova Dialética: Marx, Hegel e o Problema da Tese da Homologia de Christopher J. Arthur

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elena Louisa Lange

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Nos últimos anos, a Nova Dialética de Christopher J. Arthur tem tido um forte impacto sobre os estudos de Marx no mundo anglófono, destacando a correlação da dialética sistemática de Hegel (não histórica com a obra central de Marx, O Capital, e, especialmente, na teoria de Marx da forma de valor. Ele afirma que as categorias da Lógica de Hegel e aquelas do início de O Capital de Marx mostram uma homologia impressionante [...] à luz de algum trabalho de reconstrução menor. (Arthur, 2004, p. 4. Este ensaio critica a leitura de Arthur de Marx e, especialmente, de Hegel contra o background das importantes contribuições para os estudos de Hegel das últimas décadas. Estes estudos foram pioneiros na teoria da dialética e na teoria das categorias, na sistematização da estrutura antinômica do conceito e o problema do pressuposto semântico-pragmático (semantisch-pragmatischer Präsuppositionsbegriff da exposição científica. Não obstante o seu caráter fundamental para um tratamento erudito e para a compreensão da dialética de Hegel, essas abordagens estão ausentes na intervenção de Arthur. Isto, como será mostrado, tem graves consequências para 1 a leitura de Arthur da Lógica de Hegel, 2 a aplicação de Arthur da dialética de Hegel para a apresentação da forma de valor de Marx e 3 a suprassunção de Marx em Hegel desenvolvida por Arthur. Será argumentado que o não-reconhecimento de Arthur do método dialético de Hegel também afeta negativamente o entendimento de Arthur do escopo e intenção do projeto crítico de Marx, especialmente a necessária relação interna entre trabalho abstrato, valor e dinheiro no início de O Capital vol. 1.

Ground-based DIAL and IPDA Systems for Remote Sensing of CO2, CH4, and H2O near 1.6 µm

Science.gov (United States)

Wagner, G. A.; Plusquellic, D. F.

2017-12-01

Integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) and differential absorption LIDAR (DIAL) are well established methods to monitor atmospheric constituents. At NIST, IPDA and DIAL systems have been developed as standoff systems and their overall performance has been evaluated through intercomparisons including the traceability to point sensor measurements. The all-fiber IPDA system is based on a low-power (Armstrong, and A. V. Smith, "150-mJ 1550-nm KTA OPO with Good Beam Quality and High Efficiency," SPIE, 5337, 71-80 (2004). 3. K. O. Douglass, S. E. Maxwell, D. F. Plusquellic, J. T. Hodges, R. D. van Zee, D. V. Samarov, J. R. Whetstone, "Construction of a High Power OPO Laser System for Differential Absorption LIDAR," SPIE, 8159, 81590D (2011).

Current 2-μm dial measurements of atmospheric CO2 and expected results from space using new MCT APDS

Science.gov (United States)

Dumas, A.; Gibert, F.; Rothman, J.; Édouart, D.; Le Mounier, F.; Cénac, C.

2017-11-01

In the framework of CO2 monitoring in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL), a ground-based 2-μm Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) has been developed at the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) in Palaiseau. In order to derive flux information, this system has been set up with coherent detection, which allows to combine CO2 density measurements with wind velocity measurements. On the other hand, new advances in the field of Mercury Cadmium Tellure (MCT) Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs) open the way for high-precision measurements in direct detection ultimately from space. In this study, we first report on state of the art measurements obtained with the current coherent DIAL system before presenting expected results for a similar laser transmitter equipped with MCT APDs. For this latter part, we use a numerical model which relies on APDs performance data provided by the Laboratoire d'Électronique et de Technologie de l'Information (LETI).

Are traditional cognitive tests useful in predicting clinical success?

Science.gov (United States)

Gray, Sarah A; Deem, Lisa P; Straja, Sorin R

2002-11-01

The purpose of this research was to determine the predictive value of the Dental Admission Test (DAT) for clinical success using Ackerman's theory of ability determinants of skilled performance. The Ackerman theory is a valid, reliable schema in the applied psychology literature used to predict complex skill acquisition. Inconsistent stimulus-response skill acquisition depends primarily on determinants of cognitive ability. Consistent information-processing tasks have been described as "automatic," in which stimuli and responses are mapped in a manner that allows for complete certainty once the relationships have been learned. It is theorized that the skills necessary for success in the clinical component of dental schools involve a significant amount of automatic processing demands and, as such, student performance in the clinics should begin to converge as task practice is realized and tasks become more consistent. Subtest scores of the DAT of four classes were correlated with final grades in nine clinical courses. Results showed that the DAT subtest scores played virtually no role with regard to the final clinical grades. Based on this information, the DAT scores were determined to be of no predictive value in clinical achievement.

Hacia una conceptualización dialógica de la neuroeducación

OpenAIRE

Pallarés Domínguez, Daniel Vicente

2015-01-01

Este texto se plantea como un análisis del estado de la cuestión sobre la neuroeducación. Pretende ser una revisión crítica sobre los supuestos básicos sobre los que se asienta la neuroeducación como ciencia interdisciplinar. Para ello, a través de una metodología argumentativa y crítica, se propondrá una dirección en su quehacer que sea dialógica con otras ciencias afines para evitar reduccionismos neurocientíficos. La hipótesis principal es que el cerebro es el principal ó...

EXO-DAT: AN INFORMATION SYSTEM IN SUPPORT OF THE CoRoT/EXOPLANET SCIENCE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deleuil, M.; Meunier, J. C.; Moutou, C.; Surace, C.; Barbieri, M.; Agneray, F.; Granet, Y.; Guterman, P.; Deeg, H. J.; Almenara, J. M.; Debosscher, J.; Hodgkin, S.

2009-01-01

Exo-Dat is a database and an information system created primarily in support of the exoplanet program of the COnvection ROtation and planetary Transits (CoRoT) mission. In the directions of CoRoT pointings, it provides a united interface to several sets of data: stellar published catalogs, photometric and spectroscopic data obtained during the mission preparation, results from the mission and from follow-up observations, and several mission-specific technical parameters. The new photometric data constitute the subcatalog Exo-Cat, and give consistent 4-color photometry of 14.0 million stars with a completeness to 19th magnitude in the r-filter. It covers several zones in the galactic plane around CoRoT pointings, with a total area of 209 deg 2 . This Exo-Dat information system provides essential technical support to the ongoing CoRoT light-curve analyses and ground-based follow-up by supplying additional complementary information such as the prior knowledge of the star's fundamental parameters or its contamination level inside the large CoRoT photometric mask. The database is fully interfaced with VO tools and thus benefits from existing visualization and analysis tools like TOPCAT or ALADIN. It is accessible to the CoRoT community through the Web, and will be gradually opened to the public. It is the ideal tool to prepare the foreseen statistical studies of the properties of the exoplanetary systems. As a VO-compliant system, such analyses could thus benefit from the most up-to-date classifier tools.

High sibling correlation on methylphenidate response but no association with DAT1-10R homozygosity in Dutch sibpairs with ADHD

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Meulen, Emma M; Bakker, Steven C; Pauls, David L; Oteman, Nicole; Kruitwagen, Cas L J J; Pearson, Peter L; Sinke, Richard J; Buitelaar, Jan K

2005-01-01

BACKGROUND: A minority of patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) do not respond favorably to methylphenidate. This has been partially associated with homozygosity for the Dopamine transporter (DAT1) 10-repeat allele and the presence of one or two Dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4)

High sibling correlation on methylphenidate response but no association with DAT1-10R homozygosity in Dutch sibpairs with ADHD.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Meulen, E.M. van der; Bakker, S.C.; Pauls, D.L.; Oteman, N.; Kruitwagen, C.L.J.J.; Pearson, P.L.; Sinke, R.J.; Buitelaar, J.K.

2005-01-01

BACKGROUND: A minority of patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) do not respond favorably to methylphenidate. This has been partially associated with homozygosity for the Dopamine transporter (DAT1) 10-repeat allele and the presence of one or two Dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4)

The presence of both serotonin 1A receptor (HTR1A and dopamine transporter (DAT1 gene variants increase the risk of borderline personality disorder

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Peter R Joyce

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Dysfunction in the dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems has been demonstrated to be important in the aetiology of Borderline personality disorder (BPD. We investigated the relationship of two BPD risk factors, the HTR1A promoter polymorphism -1019C>G (rs6295 and the DAT1 repeat allele, with BPD in a major depressive disorder cohort of 367 patients. Out-patients with major depressive disorder were recruited for two treatment trials and assessed for personality disorders, including BPD. DNA samples were collected and the rs6295 polymorphism was detected with a TaqMan® assay. The DAT1 repeat allele was genotyped using a modified PCR method. The impact of polymorphisms on BPD was statistically analysed using uncontrolled logistic and multiple logistic regression models. BPD patients had higher frequencies of the DAT1 9,9 (OR=2.67 and 9,10 (OR=3.67 genotypes and also those homozygous HTR1A G allele (OR=2.03. No significant interactions between HTR1A and DAT1 genotypes, were observed; however, an increased risk of BPD was observed for those patients who were either 9,10; G,G (OR=6.64 and 9,9; C,G (OR=5.42. Furthermore, the odds of BPD in patients exhibiting high-risk variants of these two genes differed from those of patients in low-risk groups by up to a factor of 9. Our study provides evidence implicating the importance of the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems in BPD and that the interaction between genes from different neurotransmitters may play a role in the susceptibility to BPD.

Aprendizaje dialógico en las matemáticas y en las ciencias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Díez-Palomar

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aborda la aplicación del aprendizaje dialógico a la enseñanza de las ciencias y de las matemáticas. A partir del análisis de dos estudios de caso desarrollados en dos Comunidades de Aprendizaje, se discuten las implicaciones educativas que tiene el uso de los "grupos interactivos" tal y como se definen (y aplican en las Comunidades de Aprendizaje. Los resultados sugieren que este tipo de funcionamiento transforma las dinámicas del aula, fomenta interacciones basadas en el aprendizaje instrumental y en consecuencia tiene como resultado un mayor aprendizaje de matemáticas y ciencias.

Measurements of CO2 Concentration and Wind Profiles with A Scanning 1.6μm DIAL

Science.gov (United States)

Abo, M.; Shibata, Y.; Nagasawa, C.; Nagai, T.; Sakai, T.; Tsukamoto, M.

2012-12-01

Horizontal carbon dioxide (CO2) distribution and wind profiles are important information for understanding of the regional sink and source of CO2. The differential absorption lidar (DIAL) and the Doppler lidar with the range resolution is expected to bring several advantages over passive measurements. We have developed a new scanning 1.6μm DIAL and incoherent Doppler lidar system to perform simultaniously measurements of CO2 concentration and wind speed profiles in the atmosphere. The 1.6μm DIAL and Doppler lidar system consists of the Optical Parametric Generator (OPG) transmitter that excited by the LD pumped Nd:YAG laser with high repetition rate (500 Hz). The receiving optics include the near-infrared photomultiplier tube with high quantum efficiency operating at the photon counting mode, a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) filter to detct Doppler shift, and a 25 cm telescope[1][2]. Laser beam is transmitted coaxially and motorized scanning mirror system can scan the laser beam and field of view 0-360deg horizontally and 0-52deg vertically. We report the results of vertical CO2 scanning measurenents and vertical wind profiles. The scanning elevation angles were from 12deg to 24deg with angular step of 4deg and CO2 concentration profiles were obtained up to 1 km altitude with 200 m altitude resolution. We also obtained vertical wind vector profiles by measuring line-of-sight wind profiles at two azimuth angles with a fixed elevation angle 52deg. Vertical wind vector profiles were obtained up to 5 km altitude with 1 km altitude rasolution. This work was financially supported by the System Development Program for Advanced Measurement and Analysis of the Japan Science and Technology Agency. References [1] L. B. Vann, et al., "Narrowband fiber-optic phase-shifted Fabry-Perot Bragg grating filters for atmospheric water vapor lidar measurements", Appl. Opt., 44, pp. 7371-7377 (2005). [2] Y. Shibata, et al., "1.5μm incoherent Doppler lidar using a FBG filter", Proceedings

Uma experiência de aplicação da teoria dialógica no ensino-aprendizagem de língua latina em um curso de Letras

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco de Freitas Leite

Full Text Available Resumo: Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa aplicada da teoria dialógica para a inovação/atualização do ensino-aprendizagem de língua latina, realizada no período letivo 2015.1, com quatro turmas do curso de Letras da Universidade Regional do Cariri, Ceará. O plano metodológico segue a orientação dialógica de estudo da língua ancorado na sua realidade de uso, isto é, a partir de enunciados concretos considerados em sua inserção histórica, ideológica e sociocultural. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a teoria dialógica representa, sim, uma alternativa teórico-metodológica exequível, cuja aplicação promove ganhos heurísticos para a inovação e/ou atualização do ensino-aprendizagem de língua latina, sobretudo, em termos de aumento de interesse dos estudantes e da própria compreensão deles acerca da finalidade do estudo do latim.

Heterogeneous transgene expression in the retinas of the TH-RFP, TH-Cre, TH-BAC-Cre and DAT-Cre mouse lines.

Science.gov (United States)

Vuong, H E; Pérez de Sevilla Müller, L; Hardi, C N; McMahon, D G; Brecha, N C

2015-10-29

Transgenic mouse lines are essential tools for understanding the connectivity, physiology and function of neuronal circuits, including those in the retina. This report compares transgene expression in the retina of a tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-red fluorescent protein (RFP) mouse line with three catecholamine-related Cre recombinase mouse lines [TH-bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-, TH-, and dopamine transporter (DAT)-Cre] that were crossed with a ROSA26-tdTomato reporter line. Retinas were evaluated and immunostained with commonly used antibodies including those directed to TH, GABA and glycine to characterize the RFP or tdTomato fluorescent-labeled amacrine cells, and an antibody directed to RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing to identify ganglion cells. In TH-RFP retinas, types 1 and 2 dopamine (DA) amacrine cells were identified by their characteristic cellular morphology and type 1 DA cells by their expression of TH immunoreactivity. In the TH-BAC-, TH-, and DAT-tdTomato retinas, less than 1%, ∼ 6%, and 0%, respectively, of the fluorescent cells were the expected type 1 DA amacrine cells. Instead, in the TH-BAC-tdTomato retinas, fluorescently labeled AII amacrine cells were predominant, with some medium diameter ganglion cells. In TH-tdTomato retinas, fluorescence was in multiple neurochemical amacrine cell types, including four types of polyaxonal amacrine cells. In DAT-tdTomato retinas, fluorescence was in GABA immunoreactive amacrine cells, including two types of bistratified and two types of monostratified amacrine cells. Although each of the Cre lines was generated with the intent to specifically label DA cells, our findings show a cellular diversity in Cre expression in the adult retina and indicate the importance of careful characterization of transgene labeling patterns. These mouse lines with their distinctive cellular labeling patterns will be useful tools for future studies of retinal function and visual processing. Published by Elsevier

Structure-Activity Relationship Studies on a Series of 3α-[Bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]tropanes and 3α-[Bis(4-fluorophenyl)methylamino]tropanes As Novel Atypical Dopamine Transporter (DAT) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Cocaine Use Disorders

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zou, Mu Fa; Cao, Jianjing; Abramyan, Ara M.

2017-01-01

microsomes and compared to cocaine in locomotor activity and drug discrimination paradigms in mice. A molecular dynamic simulation study supported the hypothesis that atypical DAT inhibitors have similar binding poses at DAT in a conformation that differs from that of cocaine. Such differences may ultimately...

Rozšíření funkcionality systému pro dolování z dat na platformě NetBeans

OpenAIRE

Šebek, Michal

2009-01-01

Databáze se neustále rozrůstají o nová data. Za účelem analýzy těchto dat byl definován proces získávání znalostí z databází. Pro podporu tohoto procesu vznikla řada nástrojů. Vývojem jednoho z těchto nástrojů se zabývá tato práce. Hlavním cílem je analyzovat stávající implementaci systému na přenositelné platformě Java NetBeans a databázovém serveru Oracle a rozšířit ji o algoritmy z oblasti předzpracování a analýzy vstupních dat. Podrobně je popsána implementace jednotlivých komponent pro p...

Automatic semi-quantification of [123I]FP-CIT SPECT scans in healthy volunteers using BasGan version 2: results from the ENC-DAT database

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nobili, Flavio; Naseri, Mehrdad; Morbelli, Silvia; De Carli, Fabrizio; Asenbaum, Susan; Booij, Jan; Darcourt, Jacques; Ell, Peter; Kapucu, Oezlem; Kemp, Paul; Varer, Claus; Pagani, Marco; Sabri, Osama; Tatsch, Klaus; Tossici-Bolt, Livia; Sera, Terez; Borght, Thierry vander; Laere, Koen van; Varrone, Andrea

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in a large group of normal subjects. The study included 122 healthy subjects, aged 18-83 years, recruited in the multicentre 'ENC-DAT' study (promoted by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine). Brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was acquired by means of dual-head cameras 3 h after [ 123 I]FP-CIT administration. Specific to nondisplaceable binding ratios (SBRs) in the basal ganglia were computed using the 'BasGan' software, allowing automatic value extraction with partial volume effect correction. Multicentre camera inhomogeneity was taken into account by calibrating values on basal ganglia phantom data. SBR in each caudate nucleus (C) and putamen (P) were the dependent variables in a repeated measures general linear model analysis; age, gender, handedness and body mass index (BMI) were the independent variables. SBR values in C and P were significantly associated with age (mean rate decrease with age: 0.0306 per year, or 0.57 % of the general mean; p < 0.0001) and gender (women had higher values; p = 0.015), while no significant effect was found for handedness and BMI. A significant interaction was found between age and region (p < 0.0001) as the age-related decline was 0.028 for left C, 0.026 for right C and 0.034 for both P. P/C ratio analysis confirmed that age-related SBR decrease was stronger in P than in C (p < 0.0001). No significant effect was found for season or time of the day when the scan was acquired by analysing the residual of SBR values in C and P, after subtraction of age and gender effects. This study confirms the dependency of DAT on ageing and highlights the gender differences in a large sample of healthy subjects, while it does not support the dependency of DAT on BMI, handedness, circadian rhythm or season. (orig.)

Generation of the ECP database (ECP01.DAT) of the cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde with burnt of 1377 MWD/MT; Generacion de la base ECP (ECP01.DAT) del ciclo 1 de la Unidad 1 de Laguna Verde con quemado de 1377 MWD/MT

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perusquia C, R. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

1992-10-15

In order to carrying out a comparison among the results provided by the Program of Estimate of the ECP Critical Position and the Shutdown/Startup produced in the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde, it was generated the base of the ECP program, following the outlines settled down in the Procedure 'Generation of ECP Database for Laguna Verde' (IT.SN/DFR-074). Next the data sheets filled when being generated the ECP01.DAT database with a burnt of 1377 MWD/MT are provided. In the report IT.SN/DFR-079 'Adjustment and Preliminary Evaluation of the Predictions of Criticity of the ECP Program with Reported Data of the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde', the results of the comparison among those estimates of the ECP program using the ECP01.DAT database with the real data of the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde are presented. (Author)

Prácticas dialógicas y códigos sociolingüísticos: crisis y cambios familiar es en contextos dialógicos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Hilda Sánchez-Jiménez

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo responde al objetivo central de la investigación de “comprender y explicar las prácticas dialógicas y los códigos sociolingüísticos que han utilizado las familias durante el proceso de superación de situaciones de crisis”. Es un estudio cualitativo y hermenéutico, apoyado en los criterios de la Gr ounded Theoryy en las perspectivas sistémica y socio construccionista. Los testimonios fuer on dados por integrantes de 30 familias de los municipios de Manizales, Neira y Risaralda que accedier on voluntariamente a presentar su experiencia. Se concluye que en los movimientos entr e la crisis y el cambio hay quiebr es en la organización y el funcionamiento familiar , desnaturalización de patr ones interaccionales, reconocimientos, apr endizajes personales y sociofamiliar es, y la exalta ción de los procesos de crisis como potencial para ver aquello que no se debe repetir en sus vidas.

Generation of the ECP database (ECP02.DAT) at the beginning of the cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perusquia C, R.

1992-10-01

In order to carrying out a comparison among the results provided for the Program of Estimate of the ECP Critical Position and the Shutdown/Startup produced in the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde, it was generated the base of the ECP program, following the outlines settled down in the Procedure 'Generation of ECP Database for Laguna Verde' (IT.SN/DFR 074). Next the data sheets filled when being generated the ECP02.DAT database at the beginning of the cycle are provided. In the IT.SN/DFR 079 report 'Adjustment and Preliminary Evaluation of the Predictions of Criticity of the ECP Program with Reported Data of Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde, the results of the comparison among the estimates of the ECP program using the ECP02.DAT with the real data of the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde are presented. (Author)

Test of an undulated vacuum chamber for the ISR

CERN Multimedia

1975-01-01

This picture shows mechanical tests of an undulated vacuum chamber for downstream arms of ISR intersections. This chamber, made of 0.3 mm thick inconel, had inner dimensions of 150 mm by 50 mm. The deflection under vacuum is measured by dial gauges. On the left one sees the large vessel where vacuum chambers were tested at pressures above atmospheric pressure.

assessing human impacts on the greater akaki river, ethiopia using

African Journals Online (AJOL)

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physicochemical parameters and macroinvertebrate metrics. Physicochemical ... invertebrates in river water quality studies. For example ..... Frydenborg, R., McCarron, E., White, J.S. and. Bastian, M.L. (1996). A framework for biological criteria ...

Análise dialógica do gênero jornalístico ombudsman

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosângela Hammes Rodrigues

2010-03-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1984-8420.2009v10nespp1 Este artigo apresenta uma análise interpretativa do gênero do discurso ombudsman da esfera do jornalismo. Os dados de pesquisa compreendem as versões online do ombudsman, publicadas semanalmente, de dois jornais brasileiros, ambos com periodicidade diária: Folha de S. Paulo, da cidade de São Paulo (SP, e Jornal da Manhã, da cidade de Ponta Grossa (PR. O período de coleta ocorreu entre os dias 14 de dezembro de 2008 e 09 de janeiro de 2009, o que resultou na coleta de quatro ombudsman de cada jornal, totalizando oito enunciados do gênero. O trabalho tem como fundamentação teórica a concepção dialógica da linguagem do Círculo de Bakhtin, bem como seus estudos acerca dos gêneros do discurso. Para a análise, são seguidos os procedimentos metodológicos organizados por Rodrigues (2005, consonantes com a fundamentação teórica do Círculo. A fim de favorecer a compreensão do gênero, são propostas duas grandes abordagens, que se relacionam: análise da dimensão social e análise da dimensão verbal [dimensão da linguagem materializada]. Cada uma dessas abordagens possui os seus desdobramentos analíticos separados em seções ao longo do trabalho. Finalmente, buscou-se realizar uma síntese de algumas regularidades do gênero que foram evidenciadas durante o estudo. Verificamos que o jornal onde o gênero se expressa e a esfera discursiva do jornalismo como um todo são os objetos de discurso do gênero; o endereçamento é ao leitor do jornal, ao passo que o autor do ombudsman busca atender ao que ele (leitor reivindica, empenhando-se em um movimento dialógico de engajamento para com o leitor previsto/geral do gênero. Para tanto, o autor produz um acento de valor positivo ou brando, quando crítico, para o discurso do leitor e, ao mesmo tempo, um acento de valor negativo, de um modo geral, para a cobertura jornalística objeto de discussão; há uma relação dial

Analýza dat: výzvy a specifika v neurovědách a psychiatrii

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kalina, Jan; Zvárová, J.

2017-01-01

Roč. 156, č. 8 (2017), s. 430-436 ISSN 0008-7335 R&D Projects: GA MZd(CZ) NV15-33250A; GA ČR GA13-23940S Institutional support: RVO:67985807 Keywords : biostatistics * big data * psychiatry * decision support Subject RIV: BB - Applied Statistics, Operational Research OBOR OECD: Computer sciences, information science, bioinformathics (hardware development to be 2.2, social aspect to be 5.8) http://www.prolekare.cz/casopis-lekaru-ceskych-clanek/analyza-dat-vyzvy-a-specifika-v-neurovedach-a-psychiatrii-62767

The High Accuracy Measurement of CO2 Mixing Ratio Profiles Using Ground Based 1.6 μm CO2-DIAL with Temperature Measurement Techniques in the Lower-Atmosphere

Science.gov (United States)

Abo, M.; Shibata, Y.; Nagasawa, C.

2017-12-01

We have developed a ground based direct detection three-wavelength 1.6 μm differential absorption lidar (DIAL) to achieve measurements of vertical CO2 concentration and temperature profiles in the atmosphere. As the spectra of absorption lines of any molecules are influenced basically by the temperature and pressure in the atmosphere, it is important to measure them simultaneously so that the better accuracy of the DIAL measurement is realized. Conventionally, we have obtained the vertical profile of absorption cross sections using the atmospheric temperature profile by the objective analysis and the atmospheric pressure profile calculated by the pressure height equation. Comparison of atmospheric pressure profiles calculated from this equation and those obtained from radiosonde observations at Tateno, Japan is consistent within 0.2 % below 3 km altitude. But the temperature dependency of the CO2 density is 0.25 %/°C near the surface. Moreover, the CO2 concentration is often evaluated by the mixing ratio. Because the air density is related by the ideal gas law, the mixing ratio is also related by the atmospheric temperature. Therefore, the temperature affects not only accuracy of CO2 concentration but the CO2 mixing ratio. In this paper, some experimental results of the simultaneous measurement of atmospheric temperature profiles and CO2 mixing ratio profiles are reported from 0.4 to 2.5 km altitude using the three-wavelength 1.6 μm DIAL system. Temperature profiles of CO2 DIAL measurement were sometimes different from those of objective analysis below 1.5 km altitude. These differences are considered to be due to regionality at the lidar site. The temperature difference of 5.0 °C corresponds to a CO2 mixing ratio difference of 8.0 ppm at 500 m altitude. This cannot be ignored in estimates of regional sources and sinks of CO2. This three-wavelength CO2 DIAL technique can estimate accurately temporal behavior of CO2 mixing ratio profiles in the lower atmosphere

Automatic semi-quantification of [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT SPECT scans in healthy volunteers using BasGan version 2: results from the ENC-DAT database

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nobili, Flavio [University of Genoa, Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology and Genetics, Genoa (Italy); Naseri, Mehrdad; Morbelli, Silvia [University of Genoa, Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Genoa (Italy); De Carli, Fabrizio [National Research Council, Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, Genoa (Italy); Asenbaum, Susan [Medical University of Vienna, Department of Neurology, Vienna (Austria); Booij, Jan [University of Amsterdam, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Darcourt, Jacques [University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nuclear Medicine Department Centre Antoine Lacassagne TIRO Laboratory CEA, Nice (France); Ell, Peter [University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, London (United Kingdom); Kapucu, Oezlem [Gazi University School of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gazi Hospital, Besevler, Ankara (Turkey); Kemp, Paul [Southampton University Hospitals Trust, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southampton (United Kingdom); Varer, Claus [Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Neurobiology Research Unit and Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging (CIMBI), Copenhagen (Denmark); Pagani, Marco [Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Stockholm (Sweden); Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, Rome (Italy); Sabri, Osama [University of Leipzig, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig (Germany); Tatsch, Klaus [Municipal Hospital of Karlsruhe Inc., Department of Nuclear Medicine, Karlsruhe (Germany); Tossici-Bolt, Livia [Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, Southampton (United Kingdom); Sera, Terez [University of Szeged, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Euromedic Szeged, Szeged (Hungary); Borght, Thierry vander [Universite Catholique de Louvain, Nuclear Medicine Division, Mont-Godinne Medical Center, Yvoir (Belgium); Laere, Koen van [University Hospitals Leuven, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Leuven (Belgium); Varrone, Andrea [Karolinska Hospital, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Sweden)

2013-04-15

The aim of this study was to assess striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in a large group of normal subjects. The study included 122 healthy subjects, aged 18-83 years, recruited in the multicentre 'ENC-DAT' study (promoted by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine). Brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was acquired by means of dual-head cameras 3 h after [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT administration. Specific to nondisplaceable binding ratios (SBRs) in the basal ganglia were computed using the 'BasGan' software, allowing automatic value extraction with partial volume effect correction. Multicentre camera inhomogeneity was taken into account by calibrating values on basal ganglia phantom data. SBR in each caudate nucleus (C) and putamen (P) were the dependent variables in a repeated measures general linear model analysis; age, gender, handedness and body mass index (BMI) were the independent variables. SBR values in C and P were significantly associated with age (mean rate decrease with age: 0.0306 per year, or 0.57 % of the general mean; p < 0.0001) and gender (women had higher values; p = 0.015), while no significant effect was found for handedness and BMI. A significant interaction was found between age and region (p < 0.0001) as the age-related decline was 0.028 for left C, 0.026 for right C and 0.034 for both P. P/C ratio analysis confirmed that age-related SBR decrease was stronger in P than in C (p < 0.0001). No significant effect was found for season or time of the day when the scan was acquired by analysing the residual of SBR values in C and P, after subtraction of age and gender effects. This study confirms the dependency of DAT on ageing and highlights the gender differences in a large sample of healthy subjects, while it does not support the dependency of DAT on BMI, handedness, circadian rhythm or season. (orig.)

Methylphenidate DAT binding in adolescents with Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder comorbid with Substance Use Disorder--a single photon emission computed tomography with [Tc(99m)]TRODAT-1 study.

Science.gov (United States)

Szobot, Claudia M; Shih, Ming Chi; Schaefer, Thais; Júnior, Neivo; Hoexter, Marcelo Q; Fu, Ying Kai; Pechansky, Flávio; Bressan, Rodrigo A; Rohde, Luis A P

2008-04-15

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent among adolescents with Substance Use Disorders (SUD). Effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on ADHD are attributed to its properties of blocking the dopamine transporter (DAT) in the striatum. However, it has been demonstrated that drug addiction is associated with dopaminergic system changes that may affect MPH brain effects, emphasizing the need to better understand MPH actions in subjects with ADHD+SUD. To evaluate the effect of an extended release formulation of MPH (MPH-SODAS) on DAT availability in 17 stimulant-naive ADHD adolescents with comorbid SUD (cannabis and cocaine). Subjects underwent two single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans with [Tc(99m)]TRODAT-1, at baseline and after 3 weeks on MPH-SODAS. Clinical assessment for ADHD relied on the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Scale - version IV (SNAP-IV). Caudate and putamen DAT binding potential (BP) was calculated. After 3 weeks on MPH-SODAS, there was a significant reduction of SNAP-IV total scores (pADHD patients without SUD comorbidity, providing neurobiological support for trials with stimulants in adolescents with ADHD+SUD, an important population excluded from studies.

Heterogeneity of Monosymptomatic Resting Tremor in a Prospective Study: Clinical Features, Electrophysiological Test, and Dopamine Transporter Positron Emission Tomography

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Hua-Guang Zheng; Rong Zhang; Xin Li; Fang-Fei Li; Ya-Chen Wang; Xue-Mei Wang; Ling-Long Lu

2015-01-01

Background:The relationship between monosymptomatic resting tremor (mRT) and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial.In this study,we aimed to assess the function ofpresynaptic dopaminergic neurons in patients with mRT by dopamine transporter positron emission tomography (DAT-PET) and to evaluate the utility of clinical features or electrophysiological studies in differential diagnosis.Methods:Thirty-three consecutive patients with mRT were enrolled prospectively.The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and electromyography were tested before DAT-PET.Striatal asymmetry index (SAI) was calculated,and a normal DAT-PET was defined as a SAI of ＜15％.Scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficits (SWEDDs) were diagnosed in patients with a subsequent normal DAT-PET and structural magnetic resonance imaging.Results:Twenty-eight mRT patients with a significant reduction in uptake of DAT binding in the striatum were diagnosed with PD,while the remained 5 with a normal DAT-PET scan were SWEDDs.As for UPRDS,the dressing and hygiene score,walking in motor experiences of daily living (Part Ⅱ) and motor examination (Part Ⅲ) were significant different between two groups (P ＜ 0.05 andP＜ 0.01,respectively).Bilateral tremor was more frequent in the SWEDDs group (P ＜ 0.05).The frequency of resting tremor and the amplitude of postural tremor tend to be higher in the SWEDDs group (P =0.08 and P =0.05,respectively).Conclusions:mRT is heterogeneous in presynaptic nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration,which can be determined by DAT-PET brain imaging.Clinical and electrophysiological features may provide clues to distinguish PD from SWEDDs.

Merleau-Ponty y la ontología de la naturaleza: intercorporalidad, negatividad y dialéctica

OpenAIRE

Basilio Cladakis, Maximiliano

2016-01-01

Resumen: El objetivo del siguiente trabajo es explicar cómo la elaboración de una ontología de la naturaleza por parte de Merleau-Ponty se circunscribe en el intento de elaborar un pensamiento del ser que no haga de éste un elemento del pensamiento abstracto, sino que dé cuenta de la experiencia concreta del ser en el mundo. En este sentido, son fundamentales los conceptos de intercorporalidad, negatividad y dialéctica. Abstract: The aim of the following work is to explain how the elaborat...

La dialéctica en la psicologia del desarrollo: relevancia y significacion en la investigacion Dialectic in developmental psychology: its importance and significance in research

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José Antonio Castorina

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo examina la significación y la relevancia de la dialéctica en la obra psicológica de Piaget y de Vigotsky. Por un lado se analiza una metodología dialéctica común, presente en las unidades de análisis de las investigaciones. Por otro, se exponen los rasgos peculiares que adquiere la dialéctica en la explicación del desarrollo en ambos desarrollo. Finalmente, en base a los análisis realizados, se caracterizan los rasgos de la dialéctica. También se discute su unicidad y su carácter apriori en la Psicología del Desarrollo y en las Ciencias Humanas, justificándose su diversidad, en función de las temáticas que se indagan, así como a ciertos límites en el uso de esa categoría en la indagación empírica. Su implementación exige que adopte formas diferentes, pertinentes a los distintos problemas y focos teóricos.The present article analyses the signficance and relevance of dialectic in Piaget's and Vigotsky's psychological studies. On one hand, it highlights the common dialectical methodology present in units of analysis in research. On the other hand, it focuses on the peculiar features dialectic acquires within both authors' explanation of psychological development. Lastly, a characterization of dialectic features based on previous analysis is introduced. The present article argues against the unique dialectic and its a priori features in Developmental Psychology and Human Sciences areas. It also justifies its diversity in relation to the subject matters under investigation as well as the existence of certain limits in the use of that category in empirical research. The use of dialectics requires the adoption of diverse forms regarding different issues and theoretical focuses.

Testing of large prestressing tendon end anchorage regions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Johnson, T.E.

1976-01-01

Tests were performed on concrete end anchorage regions for prestressing tendons with ultimate strengths of approximately 8,900 kN. One test structure simulated a full scale concrete containment buttress and the other two test specimens were concrete blocks. The behavior of the test structure and specimens, when subjected to loading, was monitored by strain gages and dial gages. The testing illustrated that all of the amounts of reinforcing tested should be acceptable for the end anchor zones of large tendons presently used in prestressed concrete containment structures. (author)

Mixed garnet laser crystals for water vapour DIAL transmitter

Science.gov (United States)

Treichel, Rainer; Czeranowsky, Christoph; Ileri, Bilge; Petermann, Klaus; Huber, Günter

2017-11-01

There are more or less well established technologies such as the optical-parametric-oscillator (OPO), the Raman-laser, and the Ti-Sapphire laser, which are able to emit laser light in the region of the water vapour absorption lines. For WALES the regions of about 935 nm, 942 nm, and 944 nm have been identified as the most suitable wavelength ranges. However, each of these laser designs is highly sophisticated. Current baseline for WALES is the Ti-Sapphire laser. A fourth possibility to achieve these wavelength ranges is to shift the groundstate laser lines (938 nm and 946 nm) of the Nd:YAG laser by replacing Aluminium and Yttrium by other rare earth elements. Changes of the host lattice characteristics lead to a shift of the upper and lower laser levels. These modified crystals are summarized under the name of "Mixed Garnet" crystals. Only the Mixed Garnet lasers can be pumped directly with diode laser and use a direct approach to generate the required laser pulses without frequency conversion. Therefore no additional non-linear crystals are needed and a higher electric to optical efficiency is expected as well as single frequency operation using spectral tuning elements like etalons. Such lasers have the great potential to fulfil the requirements and to become the preferred transmitter concept for WALES as well as for follow up missions. Within a ESA study several crystal compositions have been grown, spectrally characterised and analysed. Absorbed space radiation energy in the crystal lattice causes colour centres, which can reabsorb the pump and laser wavelength and consequently reduce the laser gain considerably. Co-dopants such as Chromium and Cerium are able to suppress the colour centres and are candidates for effective radiation hardening. The results of the crystal tuning, the co-doping with different radiation hardeners and the radiation tests will be presented. There applicability for a space based water vapour DIAL transmitter will be discussed.

A questão metodológica na produção vigotskiana e a dialética marxista La cuestión metodológica en la producción vigotskiana y la dialéctica marxista The methodological question in the vigotskian production and marxist dialectics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nancy Romanelli

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Pretende-se, neste artigo, abordar algumas formulações de Vigotski referentes ao campo metodológico. Destacando-se a significativa influência das ideias de Marx e Engels na produção do psicólogo bielorrusso, procurou-se: a apontar a crítica de Vigotski às aplicações simplistas do materialismo histórico e dialético à psicologia; b resgatar a proposta elaborada pelo autor para a psicologia geral; c indicar alguns instrumentos metodológicos elaborados pelo próprio psicólogo; d identificar, na busca teórico-metodológica de Vigotski, os pressupostos dialético-marxistas. A retomada, no presente estudo, das investigações metodológicas de Vigotski suscitou as seguintes conclusões preliminares: a a pesquisa pontual e as formulações gerais representam dois níveis indissociáveis na abordagem histórico-cultural; b a análise dialético-materialista dos dilemas epistemológicos da psicologia está diretamente vinculada ao campo mais amplo da produção científica; c a específica forma pela qual Vigotski integrou o legado marxista à psicologia tem potencial para contribuir, também, com outras áreas do saber.En este artículo se pretende examinar algunas formulaciones de Vigotski en el campo metodológico. Se pone de relieve la significativa influencia de las ideas de Marx y Engels en la producción del psicólogo bielorruso, y se procura: a exponer la crítica de Vigotski contra las aplicaciones simplistas del materialismo histórico y dialéctico a la psicología; b rescatar la propuesta del autor para la psicología general; c indicar algunos instrumentos metodológicos elaborados por el autor; d identificar, en la búsqueda teórico-metodológica de Vigotski, las presuposiciones dialéctico-marxistas. La retomada, en este estudio, de las investigaciones metodológicas de Vigotski permitió las siguientes conclusiones liminares: a la investigación particular y las formulaciones generales representan dos niveles

Heterogeneity of Monosymptomatic Resting Tremor in a Prospective Study: Clinical Features, Electrophysiological Test, and Dopamine Transporter Positron Emission Tomography.

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Hua-Guang; Zhang, Rong; Li, Xin; Li, Fang-Fei; Wang, Ya-Chen; Wang, Xue-Mei; Lu, Ling-Long; Feng, Tao

2015-07-05

The relationship between monosymptomatic resting tremor (mRT) and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to assess the function of presynaptic dopaminergic neurons in patients with mRT by dopamine transporter positron emission tomography (DAT-PET) and to evaluate the utility of clinical features or electrophysiological studies in differential diagnosis. Thirty-three consecutive patients with mRT were enrolled prospectively. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and electromyography were tested before DAT-PET. Striatal asymmetry index (SAI) was calculated, and a normal DAT-PET was defined as a SAI of hygiene score, walking in motor experiences of daily living (Part II) and motor examination (Part III) were significant different between two groups (P postural tremor tend to be higher in the SWEDDs group (P = 0.08 and P = 0.05, respectively). mRT is heterogeneous in presynaptic nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration, which can be determined by DAT-PET brain imaging. Clinical and electrophysiological features may provide clues to distinguish PD from SWEDDs.

Standardization of serological tests for detecting anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in dogs

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M. A. Lauricella

1993-09-01

Full Text Available This paper reports on the standardization of four serological reactions currently used in human serodiagnosis for the detection of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in naturally and experimentally infected dogs. Indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT and hemagglutination test (IHAT were standardized, and complement fixation test (CFT and direct agglutination test (DAT were used for diagnostic confirmation. Four hundred and eighty one mongrel dogs that were studied by xenodiagnosis were used: (1 parasitemic dogs of two localities of endemic area (EA of Santiago del Estero province in Argentina (n = 134; (2 non-parasitemic dogs of the same area (n = 285; (3 dogs experimentally infected with T. cruzi in the patent period (n = 6; (4 non-infected dogs (n = 56 which were born in the city of Buenos Aires (BA, one non-EA for Chagas' disease. For IFAT, parasitemic dogs EA showed 95% of reactive sera. Non parasitemic dogs EA showed 77% of non reactive sera. None sera from BA were reactive for dilutions higher than four. For IHAT, 84% of sera of parasitemic dogs EA showed serological reactivity and among non parasitemic dogs BA, 61% were non reactive, while the remainder showed at most titres of 1/16. The cut-off titres for IFAT and IHAT were 1/16 and 1/32 respectively, and for CFT and DAT 1/1 and 1/128 respectively. Sensitivity for IFAT, IHAT, CF and DAT were 95%, 84%, 97% and 95% respectively.

Comparison of agglutination test, microscopy and nPCR for ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

action (nPCR) for the detection of T. gondii infection in mice (n=399) inoculated with heart .... Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) (Toxo screen DA, Biomerieux®, France) fol- ... 0.3 µl external forward Primer (50 µM), 0.3 µl external reverse Primer.

O processo dialógico de construção do conhecimento em fóruns de discussão

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Rute Nogueira de Morais Bicalho

2012-06-01

Full Text Available A Educação a Distância (EAD se expande em diferentes níveis de ensino, sobretudo no âmbito do Ensino Superior, levando à necessidade de estudos que colaborem para a compreensão da qualidade dos processos educativos em EAD. Este trabalho explora a noção de intercognição como categoria para análise de processos de construção do conhecimento no Ensino Superior a distância, em uma perspectiva dialógica. Baseia-se em estudo empírico sobre interações de professores-tutores e cursistas em fóruns de discussão de um curso de Licenciatura a distância, para avaliar o papel do professor-tutor e identificar indicadores de intercognição presentes nas interações. Resultados apontam relação significativa entre o engajamento dialógico dos interlocutores e a qualidade dos processos de aprendizagem. Entre os indicadores apontados, está a participação ativa, frequente e pertinente dos interlocutores na discussão via fórum, fundamentada em leituras acadêmicas.

Development of a fast agglutination screening test (FAST) for the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in dogs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schallig, H. D. F. H.; Schoone, G. J.; Beijer, E. G. M.; Kroon, C. C. M.; Hommers, M.; Ozbel, Y.; Ozensoy, S.; da Silva, E. S.; Cardoso, L. M.; da Silva, E. D.

2002-01-01

A fast agglutination screening test (FAST) for the detection of anti-Leishinania antibodies in serum samples from dogs with visceral leishmamosis was developed. The test is based on the direct agglutination test (DAT), but combines a higher parasite concentration with a smaller test volume. In

Performances of a HGCDTE APD based direct detection lidar at 2 μm. Application to dial measurements

Science.gov (United States)

Gibert, Fabien; Dumas, Arnaud; Rothman, Johan; Edouart, Dimitri; Cénac, Claire; Pellegrino, Jessica

2018-04-01

A lidar receiver with a direct detection chain adapted to a HgCdTe APD based detector with electric cooling is associated to a 2.05 μm Ho :YLF pulsed dual wavelength single mode transmitter to provide the first atmospheric lidar measurements using this technology. Experiments confirm the outstanding sensitivity of the detector and hightligth its huge potential for DIAL measurements of trace gas (CO2 and H2O) in this spectral domain. Performances of coherent vs direct detection at 2.05 μm is assessed.

Performances of a HGCDTE APD based direct detection lidar at 2 μm. Application to dial measurements

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Gibert Fabien

2018-01-01

Full Text Available A lidar receiver with a direct detection chain adapted to a HgCdTe APD based detector with electric cooling is associated to a 2.05 μm Ho :YLF pulsed dual wavelength single mode transmitter to provide the first atmospheric lidar measurements using this technology. Experiments confirm the outstanding sensitivity of the detector and hightligth its huge potential for DIAL measurements of trace gas (CO2 and H2O in this spectral domain. Performances of coherent vs direct detection at 2.05 μm is assessed.

Predictors of Suicide Ideation in a Random Digit Dial Study: Exposure to Suicide Matters.

Science.gov (United States)

van de Venne, Judy; Cerel, Julie; Moore, Melinda; Maple, Myfanwy

2017-07-03

Suicide is an important public health concern requiring ongoing research to understand risk factors for suicide ideation. A dual-frame, random digit dial survey was utilized to identify demographic and suicide-related factors associated with suicide ideation in a statewide sample of 1,736 adults. The PH-Q 9 Depression scale suicide ideation question was used to assess current suicide ideation in both the full sample and suicide exposed sub-sample. Being non-married and having previous suicide exposure were separately associated with higher risks of suicide ideation in the full sample. Being male, having increased suicide exposures, and having increased perceptions of closeness to the decedent increased risks, while older age decreased risks for the suicide exposed. Implications for future screening and research are discussed.

Improving Standard Poststratification Techniques For Random-Digit-Dialing Telephone Surveys

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Michael P. Battaglia

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Random-digit-dialing surveys in the United States such as the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS typically poststratify on age, gender and race/ethnicity using control totals from an appropriate source such as the 2000 Census, the Current Population Survey, or the American Community Survey. Using logistic regression and interaction detection software we identified key "main effect" socio-demographic variables and important two-factor interactions associated with several health risk factor outcomes measured in the BRFSS, one of the largest annual RDD surveys in the United States. A procedure was developed to construct control totals, which were consistent with estimates of age, gender, and race/ethnicity obtained from a commercial source and distributions of other demographic variables from the Current Population Survey. Raking was used to incorporate main effects and two-factor interaction margins into the weighting of the BRFSS survey data. The resulting risk factor estimates were then compared with those based on the current BRFSS weighting methodology and mean squared error estimates were developed. The research demonstrates that by identifying socio-demographic variables associated with key outcome variables and including these variables in the weighting methodology, nonresponse bias can be substantially reduced.

Survival times of pre-1950 US women radium dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stehney, A.F.

1994-01-01

Survival times of US women radium dial workers to the end of 1989 were examined by life table methods. Included were 1301 women rust employed before 1930 and 1242 first employed in 1930-1949. Expected numbers of deaths were estimated from age- and time-specific death rates for US white females. In the early group, 85 deaths from the well-known radium-induced cancers - bone sarcomas and head carcinomas - were observed, but only 724 deaths from aH other causes were observed vs 755 expected. Life shortening (±S.E.) of 1.8 ±0.5 y compared to the general population of US white females was calculated from the time distribution of all deaths in the pre-1930 group. In the 1930--1949 group, 350 deaths were observed vs 343 expected and no bone sarcomas or head carcinomas occurred. Among women who survived at least 2 y after rust measurement of body radium, a significant excess of observed vs expected deaths was found only for radium intakes greater than 1.85 MBq of 226 Ra + 228 Ra, and no trend of deaths or reduction of life expectancy was found with length of employment

Long-term retention of radium in female former dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rundo, J.; Keane, A.T.; Essling, M.A.

1984-01-01

The results of measurements of radium contents in 13 women made over 20 years or more were used to measure radium retention. The women were all employed at different studios of the same Illinois plant as luminous dial workers for up to 4 years. The data for each woman were fitted to an exponential function of time, yielding a biological half-life of approximately 30 to 60 years. There was a strong negative correlation between elimination rate and body content, suggesting an effect of radiation of bone resorption or remodelling. A strong negative correlation was observed between the elimination rate and the reduced x-ray score, a measure of bone damage observed radiographically in the same subjects. Age at first exposure and duration of exposure were not significantly correlated with the elimination rate. The concentration of radium in soft tissues from eight other subjects, expressed as a percentage of the terminal radium content, decreased with increasing body content, providing further evidence that radiation was affecting the elimination rate. An effect of radiation on the late retention of radium has been demonstrated. 10 references, 4 figures, 2 tables

A perspectiva histórico-dialética da periodização do desenvolvimento infantil La perspective histórica-dialéctica de la periodización del desarrollo infantil Historic-dialectical perspective on child development stages

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Juliana Campregher Pasqualini

2009-03-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo se propõe uma análise dos estágios do desenvolvimento infantil na perspectiva histórico-cultural. Nele são apresentados os princípios ou fundamentos que devem sustentar a periodização do desenvolvimento na perspectiva de Vigotski, buscando-se evidenciar o caráter histórico e dialético das proposições do autor. São também apontadas, de forma breve, algumas das importantes contribuições de Leontiev e Elkonin a essa temática. Discute-se inicialmente a importância de uma abordagem histórica do desenvolvimento da criança, enfatizando-se a relação criança-sociedade e as condições históricas concretas como determinantes do processo de desenvolvimento infantil. Em seguida, são apresentados os fundamentos da periodização das idades na perspectiva vigotskiana, destacando-se a relação entre as proposições do autor e os princípios do método dialético. São então apresentados os estágios do desenvolvimento infantil provisoriamente identificados por Vigotski e, por fim, a análise de Leontiev e Elkonin sobre a periodização do desenvolvimento apoiada na categoria de atividade principal.El presente artículo propone un análisis del problema de los estadios del desarrollo psíquico en la infancia. Se presentan los fundamentos que deben sustentar la periodicidad del desarrollo en la perspectiva de Vigotski, buscándose evidenciar el carácter histórico y dialéctico de sus propuestas. Son también apuntadas algunas de las importantes contribuciones de Leontiev y Elkonin a esa temática. Se discute inicialmente la importancia de un enfoque histórico del desarrollo infantil, enfatizando la relación niño-sociedad y las condiciones históricas-concretas como determinantes del proceso del desarrollo infantil. En seguida, son presentados los fundamentos de la periodicidad de las edades en la perspectiva vigotskiana, marcando la relación entre las proposiciones del autor y los principios del método dial

La estrategia del sistema solar desde la perspectiva del sí mismo dialógico

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Paola Andreucci Annunziata

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aborda una lectura relacional y dialógica del sistema solar o círculo familiar. Con ella, se pretende ejemplificar cómo la técnica puede beneficiarse del aporte de la teoría del self dialógico, actualizando y enriqueciendo su posibilidad analítica y comprensiva cuando se focaliza el sistema de identidad personal. Su utilidad se ejemplifica con un caso único, segmentando los episodios por sesiones y con las viñetas clínicas respectivas. El análisis se complementa con una matriz relacional para visualizar las funciones desempeñadas y con la aplicación del Repertorio de Posiciones Personales (RPP, Hermans, 2001. Se concluye que la estrategia es pertinente, con sus desafíos en la construcción de subjetividad y los intercambios con otras experiencias actuales que diagraman repertorios relacionales. Abstract The aim of this paper is to show a relational and dialogic reading of the solar system or family circle. This new reading seeks to illustrate how the technique can benefit from the contribution of the theory of dialogical self, update and enrich their analytical and comprehensive system focused on the possibility of a personal identity system. Its utility is exemplified as a unique case design, segmenting instances of supervision with clinical vignettes respective sessions. Analysis with a relational matrix is hereby supplemented in order to display the functions and also the personal positions repertoire (PPR, Hermans, 2001. We conclude, on the relevance of the pertaining strategy, the existence of challenges in the construction of subjectivity and inter changes with other current experiences trying to diagram a relational repertoire.

Sensitivity and validity of psychometric tests for assessing driving impairment: effects of sleep deprivation.

Science.gov (United States)

Jongen, Stefan; Perrier, Joy; Vuurman, Eric F; Ramaekers, Johannes G; Vermeeren, Annemiek

2015-01-01

To assess drug induced driving impairment, initial screening is needed. However, no consensus has been reached about which initial screening tools have to be used. The present study aims to determine the ability of a battery of psychometric tests to detect performance impairing effects of clinically relevant levels of drowsiness as induced by one night of sleep deprivation. Twenty four healthy volunteers participated in a 2-period crossover study in which the highway driving test was conducted twice: once after normal sleep and once after one night of sleep deprivation. The psychometric tests were conducted on 4 occasions: once after normal sleep (at 11 am) and three times during a single night of sleep deprivation (at 1 am, 5 am, and 11 am). On-the-road driving performance was significantly impaired after sleep deprivation, as measured by an increase in Standard Deviation of Lateral Position (SDLP) of 3.1 cm compared to performance after a normal night of sleep. At 5 am, performance in most psychometric tests showed significant impairment. As expected, largest effect sizes were found on performance in the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT). Large effects sizes were also found in the Divided Attention Test (DAT), the Attention Network Test (ANT), and the test for Useful Field of View (UFOV) at 5 and 11 am during sleep deprivation. Effects of sleep deprivation on SDLP correlated significantly with performance changes in the PVT and the DAT, but not with performance changes in the UFOV. From the psychometric tests used in this study, the PVT and DAT seem most promising for initial evaluation of drug impairment based on sensitivity and correlations with driving impairment. Further studies are needed to assess the sensitivity and validity of these psychometric tests after benchmark sedative drug use.

Sensitivity and validity of psychometric tests for assessing driving impairment: effects of sleep deprivation.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stefan Jongen

Full Text Available To assess drug induced driving impairment, initial screening is needed. However, no consensus has been reached about which initial screening tools have to be used. The present study aims to determine the ability of a battery of psychometric tests to detect performance impairing effects of clinically relevant levels of drowsiness as induced by one night of sleep deprivation.Twenty four healthy volunteers participated in a 2-period crossover study in which the highway driving test was conducted twice: once after normal sleep and once after one night of sleep deprivation. The psychometric tests were conducted on 4 occasions: once after normal sleep (at 11 am and three times during a single night of sleep deprivation (at 1 am, 5 am, and 11 am.On-the-road driving performance was significantly impaired after sleep deprivation, as measured by an increase in Standard Deviation of Lateral Position (SDLP of 3.1 cm compared to performance after a normal night of sleep. At 5 am, performance in most psychometric tests showed significant impairment. As expected, largest effect sizes were found on performance in the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT. Large effects sizes were also found in the Divided Attention Test (DAT, the Attention Network Test (ANT, and the test for Useful Field of View (UFOV at 5 and 11 am during sleep deprivation. Effects of sleep deprivation on SDLP correlated significantly with performance changes in the PVT and the DAT, but not with performance changes in the UFOV.From the psychometric tests used in this study, the PVT and DAT seem most promising for initial evaluation of drug impairment based on sensitivity and correlations with driving impairment. Further studies are needed to assess the sensitivity and validity of these psychometric tests after benchmark sedative drug use.

Investigación acción participativa; la educación para el autocuidado del adulto maduro, un proceso dialógico y emancipador

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Sheila Sanchez Gomez

2015-11-01

Conclusiones: El aprendizaje dialógico emerge como clave para la capacitación y el empoderamiento, donde es la racionalidad práctica-reflexiva y no la técnica la verdaderamente útil en el enfrentamiento con las situaciones complejas de la educación sobre el autocuidado.

THE WATER QUALITY DEGRADATION OF UPPER AWASH RIVER ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Osondu

2013-01-11

Jan 11, 2013 ... Benthic macroinvertebrate based assessment of water quality in the ... of the upper Awash River had low water quality status which is likely to be ..... Frydenborg, R., McCarron, E., White, J.S. and ... A framework for biological.

Generation of the ECP database (ECP01.DAT) of the cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde with burnt of 1377 MWD/MT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perusquia C, R.

1992-10-01

In order to carrying out a comparison among the results provided by the Program of Estimate of the ECP Critical Position and the Shutdown/Startup produced in the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde, it was generated the base of the ECP program, following the outlines settled down in the Procedure 'Generation of ECP Database for Laguna Verde' (IT.SN/DFR-074). Next the data sheets filled when being generated the ECP01.DAT database with a burnt of 1377 MWD/MT are provided. In the report IT.SN/DFR-079 'Adjustment and Preliminary Evaluation of the Predictions of Criticity of the ECP Program with Reported Data of the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde', the results of the comparison among those estimates of the ECP program using the ECP01.DAT database with the real data of the Cycle 1 of the Unit 1 of Laguna Verde are presented. (Author)

A dialética da transformação de valores em preços The dialectis of the transformation of values into prices

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Cláudio Gontijo

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo examina o estatuto metodológico da transformação de valores em preços. Para tanto, resgata a evolução da dialética, que se tornou método com Platão, assumiu a forma de sistema de demonstrações necessárias que partem dos princípios incondicionados alcançados através da synagoge com Aristóteles e de lógica do Espírito Absoluto com Hegel. Invertendo a dialética hegeliana, Marx concebe a dialética como a lógica da realidade objetiva reproduzida pela razão. Em particular, na dialética de O Capital, mostra como, na sequência do desdobramento da mercadoria, ponto de partida da exposição (Darstellung do capitalismo, a transformação dos valores em preços surge necessariamente como o momento do aparecer da essência do capitalismo (o trabalho abstrato no âmbito do fenômeno. Com os preços de produção, encerra-se a explicação racional da realidade efetiva (Wirklichtkeit, concebida como emergência da essência ao nível do fenômeno, englobando o âmbito da acidentalidade, inescapável em toda ciência empírica.This article examines the methodological statute of the transformation of values into prices. It resumes the evolution of dialectics, which became method with Plato, assumed the form of a system of necessary demonstrations which stem from the unconditioned principles reached through the synagogue with Aristotle and the logic of the Absolute Spirit with Hegel. Inverting the Hegelian reasoning, Marx conceives dialectics as the logic of objective reality that is reproduced by reason. In The Capital, Marx shows how in the unfolding of the commodity - point of departure of the exposition (Darstellung of capitalism - it necessarily emerges the transformation process, as the moment of the essence's blossoming (the abstract labor in the domain of the phenomenon. With the prices of production, the rational explanation of effective reality (Wirklichtkeit is complete, conceived as emergence of the essence at the

Dopamine and the Creative Mind: Individual Differences in Creativity Are Predicted by Interactions between Dopamine Genes DAT and COMT.

Science.gov (United States)

Zabelina, Darya L; Colzato, Lorenza; Beeman, Mark; Hommel, Bernhard

2016-01-01

The dopaminergic (DA) system may be involved in creativity, however results of past studies are mixed. We attempted to clarify this putative relation by considering the mediofrontal and the nigrostriatal DA pathways, uniquely and in combination, and their contribution to two different measures of creativity--an abbreviated version of the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking, assessing divergent thinking, and a real-world creative achievement index. We found that creativity can be predicted from interactions between genetic polymorphisms related to frontal (COMT) and striatal (DAT) DA pathways. Importantly, the Torrance test and the real-world creative achievement index related to different genetic patterns, suggesting that these two measures tap into different aspects of creativity, and depend on distinct, but interacting, DA sub-systems. Specifically, we report that successful performance on the Torrance test is linked with dopaminergic polymorphisms associated with good cognitive flexibility and medium top-down control, or with weak cognitive flexibility and strong top-down control. The latter is particularly true for the originality factor of divergent thinking. High real-world creative achievement, on the other hand, as assessed by the Creative Achievement Questionnaire, is linked with dopaminergic polymorphisms associated with weak cognitive flexibility and weak top-down control. Taken altogether, our findings support the idea that human creativity relies on dopamine, and on the interaction between frontal and striatal dopaminergic pathways in particular. This interaction may help clarify some apparent inconsistencies in the prior literature, especially if the genes and/or creativity measures were analyzed separately.

Blow capacity of an air curtain; Hoe hard denkt u dat een luchtgrodijn moet blazen?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cremers, B.E. [Biddle, Kootstertille (Netherlands)

2003-03-01

In winter, the heat capacity of a conventional air curtain can often be increased by adjusting the speed of its outlet velocity. This article demonstrates that for various reasons, it is better to adjust the width of the outlet if you need to boost the heat level rather than the outlet velocity. It also describes the benefits of this CA (Constant Air Velocity) Technology in the interests of energy conservation and comfort. [Dutch] In de winter wordt de warmtecapaciteit van een conventioneel luchtgordijn vaak verhoogd door de uitblaassnelheid aan te passen. Dit artikel toont aan dat het om meerdere redenen beter is om bij een hogere warmtebehoefte de uitblaasbreedte aan te passen in plaats van de uitblaassnelheid. Daarnaast beschrijft het de voordelen van deze CA-technologie (Constant Air velocity) wat betreft energieverbruik en comfort.

The effect of proximal tibial slope on dynamic stability testing of the posterior cruciate ligament- and posterolateral corner-deficient knee.

Science.gov (United States)

Petrigliano, Frank A; Suero, Eduardo M; Voos, James E; Pearle, Andrew D; Allen, Answorth A

2012-06-01

Proximal tibial slope has been shown to influence anteroposterior translation and tibial resting point in the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-deficient knee. The effect of proximal tibial slope on rotational stability of the knee is unknown. Change in proximal tibial slope produced via osteotomy can influence both static translation and dynamic rotational kinematics in the PCL/posterolateral corner (PLC)-deficient knee. Controlled laboratory study. Posterior drawer, dial, and mechanized reverse pivot-shift (RPS) tests were performed on hip-to-toe specimens and translation of the lateral and medial compartments measured utilizing navigation (n = 10). The PCL and structures of the PLC were then sectioned. Stability testing was repeated, and compartmental translation was recorded. A proximal tibial osteotomy in the sagittal plane was then performed achieving either +5° or -5° of tibial slope variation, after which stability testing was repeated (n = 10). Analysis was performed using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA; α = .05). Combined sectioning of the PCL and PLC structures resulted in a 10.5-mm increase in the posterior drawer, 15.5-mm increase in the dial test at 30°, 14.5-mm increase in the dial test at 90°, and 17.9-mm increase in the RPS (vs intact; P slope (high tibial osteotomy [HTO] +5°) in the PCL/PLC-deficient knee reduced medial compartment translation by 3.3 mm during posterior drawer (vs deficient; P slope (HTO -5°) caused a 4.8-mm increase in medial compartment translation (vs deficient state; P slope diminished static posterior instability of the PCL/PLC-deficient knee as measured by the posterior drawer test but had little effect on rotational or dynamic multiplanar stability as assessed by the dial and RPS tests, respectively. Conversely, decreasing posterior slope resulted in increased posterior instability and a significant increase in the magnitude of the RPS. These results suggest that increasing posterior tibial slope may improve

The TRIDENT laser at LANL: New “dial-a-contrast” and high-contrast experimental capabilities

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Flippo K.A.

2013-11-01

Full Text Available The Trident laser facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL has served for more than 20 years as an important tool in inertial confinement fusion (ICF and Material Dynamics research. An energy and power upgrade of the short-pulse beam line to 100J / 200 TW was made in 2007 and contrast improvements have been made continually since. The combination of this powerful new short-pulse beamline with the two flexible long pulse beamlines, and a total of three different target areas, makes Trident a highly flexible and versatile research tool for high energy density laboratory plasma (HEDLP research. The newest “Dial-a-Contrast” (DaC features are described, along with nominal performance of the laser at the presently available highest contrast.

Patterns of Performance on the Modified Cued Recall Test in Spanish Adults With Down Syndrome With and Without Dementia.

Science.gov (United States)

Benejam, Bessy; Fortea, Juan; Molina-López, Rafael; Videla, Sebastià

2015-11-01

The assessment of memory decline in people with intellectual disability (ID) is more difficult than in the general population, due to a lack of appropriate instruments and to preexisting cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to describe performance of healthy adults with Down syndrome (healthy-DS; prospectively cohort) on a Spanish version of the modified Cued Recall Test (mCRT). We also recruited retrospectively a cohort of DS subjects with Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type (DS-DAT). Healthy-DS obtained higher scores on free recall and total score than DS-DAT. Age was the main factor associated with decreasing mCRT scores. The mCRT was useful in DS subjects with ID at the upper end of the spectrum or ID in the middle range of the spectrum, and discriminated well between DS subjects with and without DAT.

De la locura y la inseguridad del derecho a la racionalidad y el orden de la ley. Lectura dialéctica de Thomas Hobbes

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Blasco Aznar, Pedro Luis

2009-12-01

Full Text Available I take for granted as a starting-point the anthropological antinomy on the individual/social nature of man. This antinomy is constituted politically in Hobbes’ thought as the antinomy individual/society, whose legal expression gives rise to the antinomy right/law —in his iusnaturalist conception— which reflects as well the anthropological antinomy passion/reason. This dialectical conception is only implicit in his political and legal philosophy; however, it becomes obvious if the underlying anthropology is analysed. Therefore, the problems derived from this dialectics require a dialectical solution in accordance with the dialecticity of its anthropological foundation. That is why Hobbes’ legal and political philosophy was not and is not still adequate or effective, but in a partial or negative way.

Asumo como punto de partida la antinomia antropológica de la naturaleza individual/ social del hombre, que se constituye en el pensamiento de Hobbes, políticamente, como la antinomia indviduo/sociedad, cuya expresión jurídica da lugar a la antinomia derecho/ ley, en su concepción iusnaturalista, que refleja asimismo la antinomia antropológica pasión/razón. Tal concepción dialéctica sólo está implícita en su Filosofía Política y Filosofía del Derecho, pero se hace bien patente si analizamos la antropología subyacente en ella. Por lo tanto, los problemas que esta dialéctica origina requieren una solución o salida dialéctica de acuerdo a la dialecticidad de su fundamento antropológico. Por eso la filosofía jurídica y política de Hobbes no pudo ni puede ser adecuada ni efectiva sino parcial o negativamente.

AYAT-AYAT WAH}DAT AL-WUJUd dalam Kitab Tanbi>h al-Ma>shi Karya ‘Abdurrauf al-Sinkili

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Asep Nahrul Musadad

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract: One of the key moments in discussing the history of Indonesian Islam is a polemic related to the negotiation on the doctrine of wahdat al-wujud that occured in Aceh in 17th century between the followers of Hamzah al-Fansuri and Nuruddin al-Raniri. This article focuses on analyzing several Qur’anic verses used by ‘Abdurrauf as the confirmation of his argument. In the polemical context, Abdurrauf al-Sinkili appeared to be an actor of reconciliation between two opposite sides. He tried to respond to the disputed issues through his book called “Tanbi>h al-Mashi”. As an exponent of the so-called moderate sufism (mysticism, he built the argument concerning wah}dat al-wujud based on the Quranic text. After making a thematic classification chronologically, his interpretation on these verses is analyzed by using Hussain al-Dhahaby’s theory of sufistic exegesis. In conclusion, it shows that ‘Abdurrauf’s commentary is “sufi-nazari type”, featured by his exegeses pattern. This, of course, represents his attitude as a reconciler who then needs to seek confirmation to the Qur’anic verses in evaluating wah}dat al-wujud doctrine, through which such a polemical issues occurred at that time. الملخص: إن من المرحلة الأساسية التي مرّ بها تاريخ الإسلام في اندونيسيا الجدل و النزاع حول عقيدة وحدة الوجود فى أتشيه (Aceh حول قرن السابع عشر بين أتباع حمزة الفنسوري و نور الدين الرانيري. ففي ذلك الخطاب النزاعي جاء عبد الرؤوف السنكيلي مصلحا بين الجانبين المعاكسين. وعلى مقتضى الظروف، كتب كتاب " تنبيه الماشي" الذي تطرّق فيه طريق التوسّط، ممثّلا للتصوّف المعتدل. اعتمد عبد الرؤوف على النصوص القرآنية فى تحقيق آراءه حول ت

Notas sobre lógica e dialética na Enéada de Plotino Notes on logic and dialectic in Enneads of Plotino

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Loraine Oliveira

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetiva caracterizar a lógica e a dialética, conforme a Enéada I, 3 [20] 4-5. Para Plotino, a lógica consiste em um conjunto de procedimentos que trata de proposições e silogismos. A dialética é um método que faz uso dos procedimentos lógicos. Mas é também uma disposição que permite compreender a estrutura do inteligível. Por conseguinte, é um caminho de ascensão rumo ao Uno. Neste sentido, tem um aspecto ético.This article aims to characterize logic and dialectic in Enneads I, 3 [20] 4-5. For Plotin, logic is a whole of proceedings that deals with propositions and syllogisms whereas dialectic is a method that employs logical proceedings. Nevertheless, dialectic is also an disposition through which the structure of the intelligible can be understood. So, it is a way towards the One. Thus, it has a ethical aspect.

Aprendizaje dialógico en escenarios virtuales: Percepción de la comunidad universitaria sobre el diálogo online

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Margarita ROURA-REDONDO

2017-07-01

Full Text Available El aprendizaje dialógico fomenta la práctica educativa que potencia la interacción colectiva frente a la individualidad. Tiene por objetivo la transformación, promoviendo el diálogo equitativo y respetando la diversidad. La práctica dialógica, dentro de las teorías de la educación comunicativa, va a enriquecer en gran medida la consecución del aprendizaje y la búsqueda del conocimiento en entornos virtuales donde la comunicación se favorece a través de redes sociales y herramientas comunicativas. Este estudio plantea la pregunta de si la comunidad universitaria está preparada para introducir el diálogo en su práctica educativa. Los resultados han sido analizados mediante la distribución de frecuencias simple desde una perspectiva cuantitativa. A través de un cuestionario se ha podido conocer qué entienden por diálogo profesores y estudiantes universitarios de educación presencial, semipresencial y virtual y cómo consideran que son sus diálogos y los de los demás en diferentes contextos. Se llega a conclusiones tan significativas como que no existe una concepción del diálogo basada en la argumentación sino que consideran que el diálogo se limita a un intercambio de opiniones.

Letramento funcional em saúde e conhecimento de doentes renais em tratamento pré-dialítico

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Katarinne Lima Moraes

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o letramento funcional em saúde (LFS e o conhecimento sobre doença renal crônica de 60 pacientes em tratamento pré-dialítico. Método: estudo transversal. O LFS foi mensurado pelo instrumento B-TOFHLA; e o conhecimento, por questionário. Foram realizados testes de correlação de Pearson e Qui-quadrado e modelos de regressões lineares. Resultados: todos entrevistados apresentaram LFS inadequado, e a maioria apresentou conhecimento insuficiente em relação à doença e ao tratamento. Menor escolaridade foi fator preditivo para piores escores de LFS. Conhecimento insuficiente foi relacionado à idade e ao comprometimento cognitivo. Conclusão: embora não tenha sido encontrada associação entre as variáveis preditivas, a limitada capacidade de obter e usar informações relacionadas à saúde e o conhecimento insuficiente em relação à própria doença e tratamento podem contribuir para piores desfechos de DRC. São necessárias estratégias de intervenções adequadas ao limitado LFS e maior conhecimento e habilidade dos profissionais para lidar com o assunto.

DAT1 polymorphism determines L-DOPA effects on learning about others' prosociality.

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Christoph Eisenegger

Full Text Available Despite that a wealth of evidence links striatal dopamine to individualś reward learning performance in non-social environments, the neurochemical underpinnings of such learning during social interaction are unknown. Here, we show that the administration of 300 mg of the dopamine precursor L-DOPA to 200 healthy male subjects influences learning about a partners' prosocial preferences in a novel social interaction task, which is akin to a repeated trust game. We found learning to be modulated by a well-established genetic marker of striatal dopamine levels, the 40-bp variable number tandem repeats polymorphism of the dopamine transporter (DAT1 polymorphism. In particular, we found that L-DOPA improves learning in 10/10R genoype subjects, who are assumed to have lower endogenous striatal dopamine levels and impairs learning in 9/10R genotype subjects, who are assumed to have higher endogenous dopamine levels. These findings provide first evidence for a critical role of dopamine in learning whether an interaction partner has a prosocial or a selfish personality. The applied pharmacogenetic approach may open doors to new ways of studying psychiatric disorders such as psychosis, which is characterized by distorted perceptions of others' prosocial attitudes.

A Dialética do Senhor e do Escravo como Fundamento da Sociologia enquanto Ciência Humana

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Henrique Raskin

2016-12-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca derivar, a partir da Dialética do Senhor e do Escravo, da Fenomenologia do Espírito de Hegel, a sociologia moderna enquanto ciência essencialmente humana. Assim, a partir do conceito de intersubjetividade que Hegel desenvolve através de sua filosofia do espírito, pretende-se analisar os fundamentos filosóficos dos pensamentos sociológicos de Karl Marx e de Max Weber. Conclui-se, portanto, que tanto o viés revolucionário do Manifesto Comunista, quanto o viés conservador da Ética Protestante, partem, fundamentalmente, do legado filosófico hegeliano.

Terapia dialéctico conductual para el trastorno de personalidad límite

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Irene de la Vega

2013-06-01

Full Text Available La terapia dialéctico conductual (TDC es una terapia psicológica de tercera generación desarrollada por Marsha Linehan (1993a, 1993b para tratar específicamente los síntomas característicos del trastorno límite de la personalidad: inestabilidad afectiva, trastorno de identidad, impulsividad y dificultades en las relaciones sociales. La TDC parte de un modelo biosocial del trastorno límite y combina técnicas cognitivo conductuales con aproximaciones zen y budistas basadas en la aceptación de la realidad tal como se presenta. El tratamiento consiste en un entrenamiento en habilidades, psicoterapia individual y atención en crisis y es llevado a cabo por un equipo coordinado de profesionales que ejercen distintas funciones. La TDC cuenta con estudios de eficacia y se está aplicando con éxito a otras poblaciones de pacientes con elevada impulsividad.

MyOcean Internal Information System (Dial-P)

Science.gov (United States)

Blanc, Frederique; Jolibois, Tony; Loubrieu, Thomas; Manzella, Giuseppe; Mazzetti, Paolo; Nativi, Stefano

2010-05-01

, trajectory, station, grid, etc., which will be implemented in netCDF format. SeaDataNet is recommending ODV and NetCDF formats. Another problem related to data curation and interoperability is the possibility to use common vocabularies. Common vocabularies are developed in many international initiatives, such as GEMET (promoted by INSPIRE as a multilingual thesaurus), UNIDATA, SeaDataNet, Marine Metadata Initiative (MMI). MIS is considering the SeaDataNet vocabulary as a base for interoperability. Four layers of different abstraction levels of interoperability an be defined: - Technical/basic: this layer is implemented at each TAC or MFC through internet connection and basic services for data transfer and browsing (e.g FTP, HTTP, etc). - Syntactic: allowing the interchange of metadata and protocol elements. This layer corresponds to a definition Core Metadata Set, the format of exchange/delivery for the data and associated metadata and possible software. This layer is implemented by the DIAL-P logical interface (e.g. adoption of INSPIRE compliant metadata set and common data formats). - Functional/pragmatic: based on a common set of functional primitives or on a common set of service definitions. This layer refers to the definition of services based on Web services standards. This layer is implemented by the DIAL-P logical interface (e.g. adoption of INSPIRE compliant network services). - Semantic: allowing to access similar classes of objects and services across multiple sites, with multilinguality of content as one specific aspect. This layer corresponds to MIS interface, terminology and thesaurus. Given the above requirements, the proposed solution is a federation of systems, where the individual participants are self-contained autonomous systems, but together form a consistent wider picture. A mid-tier integration layer mediates between existing systems, adapting their data and service model schema to the MIS. The developed MIS is a read-only system, i.e. does not allow

Chemistry and dynamics of the lower troposphere over North America and the North Atlantic Ocean in fall 1997 observed using an airborne UV DIAL system

Science.gov (United States)

Grant, William B.; Butler, Carolyn F.; Fenn, Marta A.; Kooi, Susan A.; Browell, Edward V.; Fuelberg, Henry

1998-01-01

The NASA Langley Research Center's airborne UV Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) system participated in the Subsonic Assessment, Ozone and Nitrogen Oxide Experiment (SONEX) mission from October 13 to November 12, 1997. The purpose of the mission was to study the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere in and near the North Atlantic flight corridor to better understand this region of the atmosphere and how civilian air travel in the corridor might be affecting the atmospheric chemistry. Bases of operations included NASA Ames, California (37.4 deg N, 122.1 deg W); Bangor, Maine (44.8 deg N, 68.8 deg W); Shannon, Ireland (52.7 deg N, 8.9 deg W); and Lajes, Terceira Island, Azores (38.8 deg N, 27.1 deg W). Since the UV DIAL system observes in the nadir as well as the zenith, aerosol and ozone data were obtained from near the Earth's surface to the lower stratosphere. A number of interesting features were noted relating to both chemistry and dynamics of the troposphere, which are reported here.

Alcohol calibration of tests measuring skills related to car driving.

Science.gov (United States)

Jongen, Stefan; Vuurman, Eric; Ramaekers, Jan; Vermeeren, Annemiek

2014-06-01

Medication and illicit drugs can have detrimental side effects which impair driving performance. A drug's impairing potential should be determined by well-validated, reliable, and sensitive tests and ideally be calibrated by benchmark drugs and doses. To date, no consensus has been reached on the issue of which psychometric tests are best suited for initial screening of a drug's driving impairment potential. The aim of this alcohol calibration study is to determine which performance tests are useful to measure drug-induced impairment. The effects of alcohol are used to compare the psychometric quality between tests and as benchmark to quantify performance changes in each test associated with potentially impairing drug effects. Twenty-four healthy volunteers participated in a double-blind, four-way crossover study. Treatments were placebo and three different doses of alcohol leading to blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 g/L. Main effects of alcohol were found in most tests. Compared with placebo, performance in the Divided Attention Test (DAT) was significantly impaired after all alcohol doses and performance in the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) and the Balance Test was impaired with a BAC of 0.5 and 0.8 g/L. The largest effect sizes were found on postural balance with eyes open and mean reaction time in the divided attention and the psychomotor vigilance test. The preferable tests for initial screening are the DAT and the PVT, as these tests were most sensitive to the impairing effects of alcohol and being considerably valid in assessing potential driving impairment.

Dog-Assisted Therapy (DAT Applied to Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD in School Age

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María Dolores Jara-Gil

2017-11-01

Full Text Available With this study and through an extensive literature review, firstly, it tries to bring the reader to the field of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD and the Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT, which are novel therapeutic alternative very effective and applicable to both children, young people and adults, whether in the academic, social as in the clinical field. Secondly, this work goes after to demonstrate the therapeutic effects that are obtained when we applying a AAT, in this case, a Dog-Assisted Therapy (DAT on children with ASD, and to demonstrate that it can be used as a complement to any type of treatment, be outlined the great and unknown importance in the lives of whom suffer from this disorder, besides to improve the different areas of the ASD and to demonstrate the extensive benefits, contributions and improvements that dogs are capable to produce.

Smoking-specific parenting and smoking onset in adolescence: the role of genes from the dopaminergic system (DRD2, DRD4, DAT1 genotypes.

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Marieke Hiemstra

Full Text Available Although only few studies have shown direct links between dopaminergic system genes and smoking onset, this does not rule out the effect of a gene-environment interaction on smoking onset. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the associations between smoking-specific parenting (i.e., frequency and quality of communication and house rules and smoking onset while considering the potential moderating role of dopaminergic system genes (i.e., DRD2, DRD4, and DAT1 genotypes. Data from five annual waves of the 'Family and Health' project were used. At time 1, the sample comprised 365 non-smoking adolescents (200 younger adolescents, mean age = 13.31, SD = .48; 165 older adolescents, mean age = 15.19, SD = .57. Advanced longitudinal analyses were used (i.e., logistic regression analyses, (dual latent growth curves, and cross-lagged path models. The results showed a direct effect of quality of communication on smoking onset. No direct effects were found for frequency of communication and house rules. Furthermore, no direct and moderating effects of the DRD2, DRD4, or DAT1 genotypes were found. In conclusion, the findings indicated that the effects of smoking-specific parenting on smoking are similar for adolescent carriers and non-carriers of the dopaminergic system genes.

DRD2 genotype-based variation of default mode network activity and of its relationship with striatal DAT binding.

Science.gov (United States)

Sambataro, Fabio; Fazio, Leonardo; Taurisano, Paolo; Gelao, Barbara; Porcelli, Annamaria; Mancini, Marina; Sinibaldi, Lorenzo; Ursini, Gianluca; Masellis, Rita; Caforio, Grazia; Di Giorgio, Annabella; Niccoli-Asabella, Artor; Popolizio, Teresa; Blasi, Giuseppe; Bertolino, Alessandro

2013-01-01

The default mode network (DMN) comprises a set of brain regions with "increased" activity during rest relative to cognitive processing. Activity in the DMN is associated with functional connections with the striatum and dopamine (DA) levels in this brain region. A functional single-nucleotide polymorphism within the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2, rs1076560 G > T) shifts splicing of the 2 D2 isoforms, D2 short and D2 long, and has been associated with striatal DA signaling as well as with cognitive processing. However, the effects of this polymorphism on DMN have not been explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rs1076560 on DMN and striatal connectivity and on their relationship with striatal DA signaling. Twenty-eight subjects genotyped for rs1076560 underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a working memory task and 123 55 I-Fluoropropyl-2-beta-carbomethoxy-3-beta(4-iodophenyl) nortropan Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography ([(123)I]-FP-CIT SPECT) imaging (a measure of dopamine transporter [DAT] binding). Spatial group-independent component (IC) analysis was used to identify DMN and striatal ICs. Within the anterior DMN IC, GG subjects had relatively greater connectivity in medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), which was directly correlated with striatal DAT binding. Within the posterior DMN IC, GG subjects had reduced connectivity in posterior cingulate relative to T carriers. Additionally, rs1076560 genotype predicted connectivity differences within a striatal network, and these changes were correlated with connectivity in MPFC and posterior cingulate within the DMN. These results suggest that genetically determined D2 receptor signaling is associated with DMN connectivity and that these changes are correlated with striatal function and presynaptic DA signaling.

Effects of radium-226 on bone from a radium dial painter at 12 years and 55 years after ingestion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Henning, C.B.; Lloyd, E.L.

1982-01-01

Samples of bone from two different sites in a female former radium dial painter, collected 43 years apart, were examined with the electron microscope. The results show further evidence for the presence of a fibrotic layer of tissue covering bone mineral which separates the bone lining cells from the source of the radioactive deposits in bone mineral. This work further confirms our contention that many of the cells at risk for the production of bone tumors probably lie outside the single bone lining cell layer which characteristically lies about 1 to 2 μm away from bone mineral in normal control bone

Sobre o transcendental prático e a dialética da sociabilidade

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Luiz Henrique Lopes dos Santos

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Ao escrever Apresentação do mundo: considerações sobre o pensamento de Ludwig Wittgenstein, as intenções de José Arthur Giannotti não eram principalmente exegéticas. Ele pretendia trilhar alguns caminhos abertos por Ludwig Wittgenstein no intuito de lidar com suas próprias obsessões filosóficas. Neste artigo, mostro por que e como algumas das linhas de pensamento de Wittgenstein ajudaram Giannotti a clarear logicamente alguns de seus próprios temas filosóficos obsessivos: o transcendental prático e a dialética da sociabilidade.In writing Presentation of the World: considerations on the thought of Ludwig Wittgenstein, Giannotti's intentions were not primarily exegetical. He aimed to follow some of Wittgenstein's conceptual pathways in order to deal with his own philosophical obsessions. In this paper, I show why and how some of Wittgenstein's lines of thought helped Giannotti to logically clarify a couple of his own obsessive philosophical themes: the practical transcendental and the dialectic of sociability.

A Pilot Study of a Test for Visual Recognition Memory in Adults with Moderate to Severe Intellectual Disability

Science.gov (United States)

Pyo, Geunyeong; Ala, Tom; Kyrouac, Gregory A.; Verhulst, Steven J.

2010-01-01

Objective assessment of memory functioning is an important part of evaluation for Dementia of Alzheimer Type (DAT). The revised Picture Recognition Memory Test (r-PRMT) is a test for visual recognition memory to assess memory functioning of persons with intellectual disabilities (ID), specifically targeting moderate to severe ID. A pilot study was…

Leishmaniasis Direct Agglutination Test: Using Pictorials as Training Materials to Reduce Inter-Reader Variability and Improve Accuracy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Adams, Emily R.; Jacquet, Diane; Schoone, Gerard; Gidwani, Kamlesh; Boelaert, Marleen; Cunningham, Jane

2012-01-01

Background: The Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) has a high diagnostic accuracy and remains, in some geographical areas, part of the diagnostic algorithm for Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). However, subjective interpretation of results introduces potential for inter-reader variation. We report an

Mejor predictor lineal e insesgado familiar de aptitud combinatoria general en experimentos parciales de cruzas dialélicas con efectos maternos

OpenAIRE

Montesinos-López, Osval Antonio; Mastache-Agunas, Ángel Agustín; Luna-Spinoza, Ignacio; Hernández-Suárez, Carlos Moisés; Hernández-Lira, Guadalupe

2009-01-01

En el mejoramiento genético de plantas y animales se han utilizado los experimentos de cruzas dialélicas (diseños completos de Griffing) para realizar estimaciones de parámetros y pruebas de hipótesis, lo cual es importante para la toma de decisiones en programas de mejoramiento genético. Los esquemas completos de Griffing son útiles cuando el número de líneas progenitoras es pequeño, sin embargo, cuando este número es elevado es difícil preparar, establecer y conducir los trabajos de campo. ...

Las comunidades de aprendizaje: Un modelo de educación dialógica en la sociedad del conocimiento

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Carmen Elboj Saso

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Hay muchos proyectos educativos que, en diferentes lugares del mundo, están obteniendo resultados significativos en conseguir los mejores aprendizajes y en el logro de una convivencia solidaria. Comunidades de Aprendizaje es uno de estos proyectos caracterizado y basado en las mejores prácticas educativas que están dando respuesta a las necesidades de la sociedad del conocimiento. Entre sus características, resalta el aprendizaje dialógico, es decir, el diálogo igualitario entre toda la comunidad (profesorado, alumnado, familiares, entidades, profesionales de ámbitos educativos y sociales, voluntariado en un común esfuerzo solidario por lograr la igualdad educativa de todas las alumnas y alumnos.

Dialógica, etnografia e educação em saúde Dialógica, etnografía y educación en salud Dialogics, ethnography and health education

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angel Martínez-Hernáez

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Nos últimos anos, o método etnográfico revelou-se como um adequado instrumento para as intervenções em saúde pública e na educação em saúde. Não obstante, seu uso contradiz determinados modelos de intervenção definidos como monológicos, a exemplo das campanhas de meios de comunicação de massa e as filosofias do "ator racional". Foram analisadas criticamente algumas bases epistemológicas desses modelos, como a unidimensionalidade na análise dos processos de saúde/doença/atendimento, a unidirecionalidade comunicativa e a hierarquia. No seu lugar, propõe-se um modelo dialógico baseado no método etnográfico e organizado a partir dos critérios de multidimensionalidade, bidirecionalidade e simetria. A etnografia permite melhorar a efetividade das intervenções ao fornecer uma base empírica para o desenho dos projetos e ao propiciar a participação social em saúde.En los últimos años, el método etnográfico se reveló como un adecuado instrumento para las intervenciones en salud pública y en la educación en salud. No obstante, su uso contradice determinados modelos de intervención definidos como monológicos, como ejemplo de las campañas de medios de comunicación masivos y las filosofías del "autor racional". Fueron analizadas críticamente algunas bases epistemológicas de estos modelos, como la unidimensionalidad en el análisis de los procesos de salud/enfermedad/atención, la unidireccionalidad comunicativa y la jerarquía. En su lugar, se propone un modelo dialógico basado en el método etnográfico y organizado a partir de los criterios de multidimensionalidad, bidireccionalidad y simetría. La etnografía permite mejorar la efectividad de las intervenciones al providenciar una base empírica para el diseño de los proyectos y al propiciar la participación social en salud.In recent years, the ethnographic method has been found to be an adequate instrument for public health and health education interventions

Optimasi Time Dial Setting (TDS Relay Arus Lebih Menggunakan Adaptive Modified Firefly Algorithm Pada Sistem Kelistrikan PT. Pupuk Kalimantan Timur

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Vincentius Raki Mahindhara

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Penggunaan relay arus lebih (over current relay pada industri memerlukan pengaturan beberapa parameter seperti arus pickup (Ip, time dial setting (TDS, serta waktu operasi (top. Dalam standard acuan dicantumkan batasan-batasan dan formulasi dalam menentukan parameter tersebut. Salah satu permasalahan adalah penentuan TDS pada relay inverse (Kode ANSI 51. Umumnya penentuan nilai TDS dilakukan dengan metode trial and error, hal ini dirasa kurang efektif sehingga diusulkan suatu metode baru dalam menentukan TDS pada sistem kelistrikan eksisting PT. Pupuk Kalimantan Timur. Digunakan algoritma adaptive firefly yang dimodifikasi dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan dengan mempertimbangkan kurva starting motor dan perbedaan tipe kurva antar relay

O fraternalismo: uma síntese entre o idealismo e o materialismo histórico e dialético

OpenAIRE

de Andrade, Maria Inês Chaves

2015-01-01

Superada a luta de classes na unidade da aparência e da essência que põe em voga o ser humano do homem e tomando-se Deus como Ser Humano, imagem e semelhança, depositário da essência humana alienada, a proposição racional de chamar-se a si sendo o que é na efetivação dos Direitos Humanos para todos os homens, através do Estado, afina o real e o racional colocando o fraternalismo como síntese entre o idealismo de Hegel e o materialismo histórico e dialético de Marx.

Long-term job insecurity, job satisfaction and organisational attitudes: Test of Warr’s Curvilinear Hypothesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hans De Witte

2005-10-01

Full Text Available Research suggests that job insecurity is an important work stressor, negatively affecting well-being and organisational attitudes and behaviours. This article concentrates on two often ignored issues in this field. First, the consequences of long-term job insecurity regarding job satisfaction, the evaluation of management and organisational attitudes are analysed. Secondly, Warr’s assumption of curvilinear associations between job insecurity and well-being is tested, and extended to the evaluation of management and organisational attitudes. The hypotheses are tested with data of 769 employees from various branches of a large European multinational company. In total, 15 reliable scales were used to test the hypotheses. The results show that 48,2% of the interviewees had worries about their long-term job security. Separate analyses of variance showed that long-term job insecurity was associated with two thirds of the scales. Long-term job insecurity was associated with lower job satisfaction, lower organisational attitudes and a lower evaluation of supervisors and management. Warr’s assumption of curvilinear associations with job insecurity was not corroborated, however. Suggestions for practice and for future research are discussed. Opsomming Navorsing stel voor dat werksonsekerheid ’n belangrike werk stressor is en dat dit welstand, organisasie gesindhede en gedrag negetief affekteer. Die artikel konsentreer op twee onderwerpe in hierdie veld wat gereeld geignoreer word. Eerstens word die gevolge van langtermyn werksonsekerheid met betrekking tot werkstevredenheid, die evaluering van bestuur en organisasiegesindhede geanaliseer. Tweedens, is Warr se aanames van kromlynige verhoudings tussen werksonsekerheid en welstand getoets, en uitgebrei tot die evaluasie van bestuur en organisasiegesindhede. Die hipotese is getoets met data van 769 werknemers van verskeie takke van ’n groot Europese multinasionale maatskappy. Daar is in totaal 15

Comparison of Address-based Sampling and Random-digit Dialing Methods for Recruiting Young Men as Controls in a Case-Control Study of Testicular Cancer Susceptibility

OpenAIRE

Clagett, Bartholt; Nathanson, Katherine L.; Ciosek, Stephanie L.; McDermoth, Monique; Vaughn, David J.; Mitra, Nandita; Weiss, Andrew; Martonik, Rachel; Kanetsky, Peter A.

2013-01-01

Random-digit dialing (RDD) using landline telephone numbers is the historical gold standard for control recruitment in population-based epidemiologic research. However, increasing cell-phone usage and diminishing response rates suggest that the effectiveness of RDD in recruiting a random sample of the general population, particularly for younger target populations, is decreasing. In this study, we compared landline RDD with alternative methods of control recruitment, including RDD using cell-...

De História e consciência de classe a Dialética do esclarecimento, e volta

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Zizek Slavoj

2003-01-01

Full Text Available A publicação deste polêmico artigo é uma homenagem de Lua Nova aos oitenta anos de História e Consciência de Classe, de Georg Lukács. Seu autor faz um resgate do jovem Lukács, identificando os pressupostos e idéias que tornam esse livro de 1923 não tanto filosoficamente, mas politicamente, um feito revolucionário, em sintonia com o ''Evento de 1917'' na Rússia. Zizek entende que é justamente seu teor político, o qual aponta para uma crítica radical dos regimes liberal-democráticos predominantes no Ocidente, que o mantém atual, nesse sentido ultrapassando os limites auto-impostos dos autores da Dialética do esclarecimento.

Dose-effect relationships for the US radium dial painters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thomas, R.G.

1995-01-01

Dose-response data are presented from a large percentage of the US workers who were exposed to radium through the painting of luminous dials. The data in this paper are only from females, because very few males worked in this occupation. Log-normal analyses were done for radium-induced bone sarcomas and head carcinomas after the populations of the respective doses were first determined to be log-normally distributed. These populations included luminisers who expressed no radium-related cancerous condition. In this study of the female radium luminisers, the most important data concerning radiation protection are probably from workers who were exposed to radium but showed no cancer incidence. A total of 1391 subjects with average measured skeletal doses below 10 Gy are in this category. A primary purpose is to illustrate the strong case that 226,228 Ra is representative of those radionuclides that exemplify in humans a 'threshold' dose, a dose below which there has been no observed health effects on the exposed individual. Application of a threshold dose for radium deposited in the skeleton does not mean to imply that any other source of skeletal irradiation should be considered to follow a similar pattern. Second, a policy issue that begs for attention is the economic consequence of forcing radiation to appear as a highly toxic insult. It is time to evaluate the data objectively instead of formatting the extrapolation scheme beforehand and forcing the data to fit a preconceived pattern such as linearity through the dose-effect origin. In addition, it is time to re-evaluate (again) variations in background radiation levels throughout the world and to cease being concerned with, and regulating against, miniscule doses for which no biomedical effects on humans have ever been satisfactorily identified or quantified. (author)

AdolescÃncia, Risco e ProteÃÃo: Um Estudo Narrativista-DialÃgico sobre TrajetÃrias de Vida

OpenAIRE

LetÃcia Leite Bessa

2010-01-01

A presente pesquisa intitulada AdolescÃncia, risco e proteÃÃo: um estudo narrativista-dialÃgico sobre trajetÃrias de vida trata de um estudo interessado nas histÃrias de vida de adolescentes que vivem em situaÃÃes de vulnerabilidade social, a fim de perceber o que suas narrativas revelam sobre risco e como se processa a construÃÃo social dessas significaÃÃes. Para tanto, foram entrevistados, por meio da tÃcnica de entrevista narrativa auto-biogrÃfica, cinco adolescentes, alunos da Escola de D...

A semi-structured English oral proficiency test for certification of teachers in South Africa

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Carol A. Puhl

2013-02-01

Full Text Available South Africa has eleven official languages, but English is by far the most commonly used medium of instruction in schools. It is therefore essential that the English proficiency of preservice teachers be accurately assessed by means of a valid, reliable and feasible assessment instrument. As there are so many tertiary institutions responsible for teacher certification in the country, standards of oral assessment vary widely. This paper describes a semi-structured oral proficiency test, designed to meet these needs. Possibilities for further development of the test are explored Suid-Afrika erken elf amptelike tale, maar Engels is die medium wat verreweg die meeste in skole gebruik word Dit is dus noodsaaklik dat onderwysstudente se taalvaardigheid in Engels akkuraat gemeet moet kan word dm. v. 'n geldige, betroubare en toepaslike meetinstrument. Die feit dat so baie tersiere inrigtings in Suid-Afrika betrokke is by die sertifisering van onderwysers, lei onvermydelik tot groot skommelinge in standaarde. Hierdie artikel beskryf 'n semigestruktureerde mondelinge taalvaardigheidstoets wat ontwikkel is om in die behoeftes te voorsien. Moontlikhede vir die verdere ontwikkeling van die toets word ondersoek.

Dial-A-Decon Solution Chemistry GAP Testing

Science.gov (United States)

2012-04-01

M25, Ml00, M250 , Ml000). The pipette size used was determined by the amount of extraction solution to be delivered. The analytical GC vials used...dilutions were prepared using Gilson Microman positive displacement pipettes (Gilson product numbers MIO, M25, Ml00, M250 , Ml000). The pipette size

40 CFR Appendix A-4 to Part 60 - Test Methods 6 through 10B

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

.... Acetone-insoluble, heat-stable silicone grease may be used, if necessary. 6.1.1.5Temperature Sensor. Dial... temperature sensor (dial thermometer, or equivalent) capable of measuring temperature accurately to within 3....1, reject alcohol for use. 7.1.2.2Peroxides may be removed from isopropanol by redistilling or by...

[Vision test program for ophthalmologists on Apple II, IIe and IIc computers].

Science.gov (United States)

Huber, C

1985-03-01

A microcomputer program for the Apple II family of computers on a monochrome and a color screen is described. The program draws most of the tests used by ophthalmologists, and is offered as an alternative to a projector system. One advantage of the electronic generation of drawings is that true random orientation of Pflueger's E is possible. Tests are included for visual acuity (Pflueger's E, Landolt rings, numbers and children's drawings). Colored tests include a duochrome test, simple color vision tests, a fixation help with a musical background, a cobalt blue test and a Worth figure. In the astigmatic dial a mobile pointer helps to determine the axis. New tests can be programmed by the user and exchanged on disks among collageues.

Cellphone with Dial and Call Feature Design Prototype for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD

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Bayu D. Wicaksono

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD is a term that used to explain neurological problems which affect mind, perception and concentration. The unfortunate condition of children with ASD lead more difficult to do long-distance communication, not only because of the lack of device that can be used exclusively by children with ASD (the physical as well as its interface, but also because of their general habits tends to destroy something in this case is a commercial cellphone. Identification of ASD children’s habit will be conducted by distributing questionnaires and interviews of the parties which are well acquainted with their daily activities such as parents and school teachers. To validate the questionnaire, has also been conducted ethnographic video capture. The design of cell phone’s prototype and dial & call software/application interface in it is done using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD method as the results have been obtained from the collection of data on the habits of ASD children. In addition, there is also made a sound maker app.

Teste de aglutinação direta no sorodiagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral no estado do Pará

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Lourdes M. Garcez

1996-04-01

ógicos caninos, já que foi menos específico que ELISA e, especialmente, IFI, na detecção de anticorpos em casos infecção canina.The direct agglutination test (DAT was evaluated for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL in human and canids (dogs and foxes Cerdocyon thous. The results were compared with those of the imnunofluorescent antibody assay (IFAT and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA. The sera used were from: humans (303: confirmed VL (16, suspected VL (65, other conditions (102, negative controls (15 and individuals from an endemic area (105; dogs (82: from an endemic area (68, Salvaterra/Marajó/Pará (21 of which were parasitologically positive, and negative controls (14, from Belém;foxes (9: caught on Marajó Island. Antigens for DAT were prepared from promastigots of L. (L. donovani, L. (L. chagasi. Antigens used in ELISA and IFAT were prepared from promastigotes (soluble antigen and amastigotes respectively of L. (L. chagasi. In humans, the specificity and sensitivity of DAT using L. (L. donovani were high (98.4% and 100% respectively and comparable to that of IFAT (97.5% and 100%. ELISA was less specific (84.8% although similarly sensitive (100%. In dogs, DAT was more specific using L. (L. donovani as antigen than using L. (L. chagasi. However, both DA Tand ELISA were less sensitive (both 71.4% than IFAT (100%. This difference was reflected in the results from endemic dogs, 87% of which were positive by IFAT but only 54% by ELISA and 49% by DAT. Similarly, all 9 fox sera were positive by IFAT, 7 of 9 (78% by ELISA but none by DAT. In conclusion, DAT using L. (L. donovani antigen can provide a useful test for human VL; utilization on a large scale would be possible with a suitable reference laboratory to monitor antigen quality. However, DAT appears less useful for canine studies, as it was less sensitive than ELISA and especially IFAT in detecting canine infection.

Relative activities of 212Bi (thorium-C) and 228Ra (mesothorium-1) in former radium dial workers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keane, A.T.; Essling, M.A.; Lucas, H.F.

1984-01-01

From analyses of bones, estimates were made of the relative intakes of 228 Ra and 226 Ra by the employees of a dial-painting studio that used luminous compounds activated with technical mesothorium. These data, in turn, were used to derive estimates of 228 Ra activity from activities of 226 Ra in living colleagues whose body contents of 226 Ra and 212 Bi had been measured. The indirectly determined 212 Bi to 228 Ra activity ratios in the living workers averaged 1.56 +- 0.10 (S.E.) at a median of 42 yr post intake. If no 228 Ra decay products are excreted, the expected 212 Bi to 228 Ra activity ratio at 42 yr after intake is 1.59 according to the simple power function of radium retention of Norris et al., and 1.72 according to the alkaline earth model of ICRP No. 20. 15 references, 2 tables

Does Talking on a Cell Phone, With a Passenger, or Dialing Affect Driving Performance? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Caird, Jeff K; Simmons, Sarah M; Wiley, Katelyn; Johnston, Kate A; Horrey, William J

2018-02-01

Objective An up-to-date meta-analysis of experimental research on talking and driving is needed to provide a comprehensive, empirical, and credible basis for policy, legislation, countermeasures, and future research. Background The effects of cell, mobile, and smart phone use on driving safety continues to be a contentious societal issue. Method All available studies that measured the effects of cell phone use on driving were identified through a variety of search methods and databases. A total of 93 studies containing 106 experiments met the inclusion criteria. Coded independent variables included conversation target (handheld, hands-free, and passenger), setting (laboratory, simulation, or on road), and conversation type (natural, cognitive task, and dialing). Coded dependent variables included reaction time, stimulus detection, lane positioning, speed, headway, eye movements, and collisions. Results The overall sample had 4,382 participants, with driver ages ranging from 14 to 84 years ( M = 25.5, SD = 5.2). Conversation on a handheld or hands-free phone resulted in performance costs when compared with baseline driving for reaction time, stimulus detection, and collisions. Passenger conversation had a similar pattern of effect sizes. Dialing while driving had large performance costs for many variables. Conclusion This meta-analysis found that cell phone and passenger conversation produced moderate performance costs. Drivers minimally compensated while conversing on a cell phone by increasing headway or reducing speed. A number of additional meta-analytic questions are discussed. Application The results can be used to guide legislation, policy, countermeasures, and future research.

Cuestiones de dialéctica y de género en Krause: Sofía o la nueva mujer Dialectic and gender issues in Krause's work and life: Sophie or The New Woman

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arturo Andrés Roig

2007-12-01

Full Text Available En este texto se trabaja sobre las ideas sostenidas por Krause respecto de la dialéctica y el lugar de las mujeres. En lo referido a la primera cuestión, se analiza la peculiaridad de la dialéctica krausiana mostrando el esfuerzo que este autor realiza por ablandar las antinomias del esquema dialéctico, desconfiando siempre de la síntesis y proponiendo una dialéctica dual de la complementariedad El recorrido realizado incluye consideraciones relativas a la filosofía del derecho y la dialéctica en Krause, Hegel y Marx. En lo referido al lugar de las mujeres, Krause pensaba que si el Estado debía serlo de un pueblo organizado democráticamente, era preciso partir de una reestructuración de la familia. Desde su punto de vista el Estado provenía de la familia, de allí su esfuerzo por reformular su estructura sobre nuevas bases: la educación en los valores de libertad e igualdad. A contrapelo de las ideas volcadas por Rousseau en el Emilio, Krause pensaba que era preciso educar a las mujeres para la libertad y la armonía con el varón, de modo tal que a partir de una familia así formada se llegara a la institución de un Estado orgánico que no fuera obstáculo para el desarrollo pleno de cada uno de los seres humanos. Para Krause las mujeres deberían ser empujadas a unirse a la Alianza de la Humanidad, el ideal libertario promulgado por el filósofo. En este credo sería educada Sofía, su hija primogénita.This paper works about the Krause's ideas both dialectics and women's place. On dialectics the author analyzes the peculiarity of Krausist dialectics showing the author's effort to conceive the antinomies of dialectics in a softer way. Krause doesn't have any trust in the synthetics moments and he proposes a dual dialectic of complementarities. The study includes considerations about the philosophy of right and dialectics in the works of Krause, Hegel and Marx. On women's place, Krause thinks that the State ought to be of a

1.6 μm DIAL Measurement and Back Trajectory Analysis of CO2 Concentration Profiles in the Lower-Atmosphere

Science.gov (United States)

Shibata, Y.; Nagasawa, C.; Abo, M.

2016-12-01

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities. In addition to the ground level CO2 network, vertical CO2 concentration profiles also play an important role for the estimation of the carbon budget and global warming in the inversion method. Especially, for the detailed analysis of forest carbon dynamics and CO2 fluxes of urban area, vertical CO2 concentration profiles with high spatial and temporal resolution in the lower atmosphere have been conducted by a differential absorption lidar (DIAL). We have observed several vertical profiles of CO2 concentrations for nighttime and daytime from 0.25 to 2.5 km altitude with range resolution of 300 m and integration time of 1 hour. In order to extract information on the origin of the CO2 masses, one day back trajectories were calculated by using a three dimensional (3-D) atmospheric transport model. In many cases, CO2 low concentration layers of over 1.5km altitude were flown by westerly winds from the forest. In another case, high concentration layers of CO2 were flown from the urban areas. As the spectra of absorption lines of any molecules are influenced basically by the temperature in the atmosphere, laser beams of three wavelengths around a CO2 absorption spectrum are transmitted alternately to the atmosphere for simultaneous measurements of CO2 concentration and temperature profiles. Moreover, a few processing algorithms of CO2-DIAL are also performed for improvement of measurement accuracy. For computation of trajectories and drawing their figures, the JRA-25 data provided by the cooperative research project for the JRA-25 long-term reanalysis of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI) and the NIPR trajectory model (Tomikawa and Sato, 2005; http://firp-nitram.nipr.ac.jp) were used. This work was financially supported by the System Development Program for Advanced Measurement and Analysis of the Japan Science and

Simulation testing the robustness of stock assessment models to error: some results from the ICES strategic initiative on stock assessment methods

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Deroba, J. J.; Butterworth, D. S.; Methot, R. D.

2015-01-01

The World Conference on Stock Assessment Methods (July 2013) included a workshop on testing assessment methods through simulations. The exercise was made up of two steps applied to datasets from 14 representative fish stocks from around the world. Step 1 involved applying stock assessments to dat...

Reactivity of various leishmanial antigens in a direct agglutination test and their value in differentiating post-kala azar dermal leishmaniasis from leprosy and other skin conditions

NARCIS (Netherlands)

El Harith, A.; Chowdhury, S.; Al-Masum, A.; Semião-Santos, S.; Das, P. K.; Akhter, S.; Vetter, J. C.; Haq, I.

1996-01-01

A direct agglutination test (DAT) for the detection of post-kala azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) was evaluated in conditions that simulate the disease clinically or immunologically. A reference strain of Leishmania donovani (LEM 1399), and antigen preparations from Leishmania isolates from

El juego dialógico del discurso de Menem con la estructura partidaria del peronismo durante la etapa de sedimentación de la hegemonía neoliberal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hernán Fair

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo analiza el juego dialógico del discurso deMenem con la estructura partidaria del peronismo, colocando eleje en la etapa de sedimentación de la hegemonía menemista.Para ello, asume una perspectiva construccionista de análisis deldiscurso, examinando el juego de desarticulación yrearticulación de significantes privilegiados y el discurso delegitimación política de las reformas neoliberales.

Address-based versus random-digit-dial surveys: comparison of key health and risk indicators.

Science.gov (United States)

Link, Michael W; Battaglia, Michael P; Frankel, Martin R; Osborn, Larry; Mokdad, Ali H

2006-11-15

Use of random-digit dialing (RDD) for conducting health surveys is increasingly problematic because of declining participation rates and eroding frame coverage. Alternative survey modes and sampling frames may improve response rates and increase the validity of survey estimates. In a 2005 pilot study conducted in six states as part of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, the authors administered a mail survey to selected household members sampled from addresses in a US Postal Service database. The authors compared estimates based on data from the completed mail surveys (n = 3,010) with those from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System telephone surveys (n = 18,780). The mail survey data appeared reasonably complete, and estimates based on data from the two survey modes were largely equivalent. Differences found, such as differences in the estimated prevalences of binge drinking (mail = 20.3%, telephone = 13.1%) or behaviors linked to human immunodeficiency virus transmission (mail = 7.1%, telephone = 4.2%), were consistent with previous research showing that, for questions about sensitive behaviors, self-administered surveys generally produce higher estimates than interviewer-administered surveys. The mail survey also provided access to cell-phone-only households and households without telephones, which cannot be reached by means of standard RDD surveys.

Compreensão dialética da ética revolucionária de Herbert Marcuse

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alberto Dias Gadanha

2017-05-01

Full Text Available A alteração qualitativa objetivo de uma ética revolucionária pressupõe a reciprocidade entre a decisão política enquanto asserção de parâmetros deontológicos a priori e a efetivação governamental de uma vida sem medo e sem miséria, uma vida de paz. Marcuse ao compreender que o objetivo a ser efetivado é uma vida sem medo e sem miséria supera tanto a eticidade deontológica caracterizada pelo imperativo categórico quanto a ética caracterizada pelo imperativo hipotético de determinação utilitarista. Ética revolucionária, como exposta por Herbert Marcuse na conferência de 1964 na Universidade de Kansas, é uma ética de superação dialética porque contempla por meio do imperativo implicativo tanto as exigências deontológicas, configuradas pela decisão política quanto as exigências utilitaristas configuradas pelo cálculo histórico de efetivação governamental da teleologia política.

On-line distance assisted training program for nuclear medicine technologists applied to SPECT-CT and PET-CT (Program DAT-OL). Results of a first course in Argentina

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Furnari, J C; Notari, C; Daoud, A; Giannone, C A

2012-01-01

The CNEA and the IDB are running for the second time the Distance Assisted Training course (DAT-OL), which is part of a global program of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for Nuclear Medicine technologists working in centers equipped with PET CT and / or SPECT-CT hybrids. Aims: Completion of this course is justified by the strong increase in the installation of hybrid nuclear medicine (NM) systems, the increasing demand for qualified technicians and the lack of formal training opportunity. The course objective is to both promote the qualification of the technologist as improving quality and operational safety in MN participating centers. Material and Methods: This new course is free and is taught in Spanish from the www.datnmt.org website. The study material is available on site and the training is aided by tutors of institutions as CNEA, FUESMEN (School of Nuclear Medicine Foundation), UBA (University of Buenos Aires) and Nuclear Medicine private labs. The DAT-OL is developed in modules: Physics of SPECT / CT and PET / CT; Principles and sectional anatomy CT, SPECT / CT and PET / CT clinical; cyclotron and radiopharmaceutical production; Radiation Safety in PET / CT; Workflows and protocols with PET / CT, clinical reports: normal variants, artifacts and failures. Some of the requirements to take the DAT-OL are: Access to camera PET / CT and / or camera SPECT / CT, and a supervisor (Nuclear Medicine physician or Medical physicist) at the center of NM where the student works. Technicians must have academic qualification, 5 or more years working in centers MN, previous courses in Biology, Physics SPECT and SPECT Clinical course and a Methodology of Radioisotopes and radiation protection course. Results: The first course lasted 12 months including examinations. Tutors have scarcely been consulted. SPECT/CT and PET/CT web examinations, have been developed and evaluated by the authors of the course (B. Hutton and H. Patterson, University of London and

The Biomechanical Role of Scaffolds in Augmented Rotator Cuff Tendon Repairs

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-01

The biomechanical role of scaffolds in augmented rotator cuff tendon repairs Amit Aurora, D Enga,b, Jesse A. McCarron, MDc, Antonie J. van den Bogert...used for rotator cuff repair augmentation; however, the appropriate scaffold material properties and/or surgical application techniques for achieving...The model predicts that the biomechanical performance of a rotator cuff repair can be modestly increased by augmenting the repair with a scaffold that

Jean-Paul Sartre: La dialéctica ágil y paciente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arribas, Sonia

2005-12-01

Full Text Available This essay reconstructs the Sartrean conception of a dialectics of history and politics, as it is advanced in «In Search of a Method». The principles of Sartre's articulation of Marxism and existentialism are put forward, as well as his reflections on the existential project as the mediation between the economic base of capitalist society and its ideological superstructure, or as the subjective and practical mediation between objective contradictions. The essay argues that this idea of the project is based on an untenable dualism between Knowledge and the real, and that its concomitant notion of the imaginary is problematically formulated as a form of representation. A Marxist approach, without existentialism, can thematize subjectivity and the contingency of history and politics, without dualisms or representationist models of the imaginary.

Este ensayo reconstruye la concepción sartreana de una dialéctica de la historia y la política, tal y como está esbozada en «Cuestiones de método». Se exponen los principios de su articulación del marxismo y el existencialismo, así como sus reflexiones sobre el proyecto existencial como la mediación entre la base económica de la sociedad capitalista y su superestructura ideológica, o en tanto que la mediación subjetiva y práctica entre contradicciones objetivas. Se argumenta que esta idea del proyecto se basa en un dualismo insostenible entre el Saber y lo real, que el concomitante concepto del imaginario se formula problemáticamente en términos de representación y que una perspectiva marxista, sin existencialismo, permitiría tematizar la subjetividad y la contingencia de la historia y la política sin dualismos ni modelos representacionalistas del imaginario.

Drivers of coastal shoreline change: case study of hon dat coast, Kien Giang, Vietnam.

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Hai-Hoa; McAlpine, Clive; Pullar, David; Leisz, Stephen Joseph; Galina, Gramotnev

2015-05-01

Coastal shorelines are naturally dynamic, shifting in response to coastal geomorphological processes. Globally, land use change associated with coastal urban development and growing human population pressures is accelerating coastal shoreline change. In southern Vietnam, coastal erosion currently is posing considerable risks to shoreline land use and coastal inhabitants. The aim of this paper is to quantify historical shoreline changes along the Hon Dat coast between 1995 and 2009, and to document the relationships between coastal mangrove composition, width and density, and rates of shoreline change. The generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to quantify the major biophysical and land-use factors influencing shoreline change rates. Most significant drivers of the rates of change are cutting of mangroves, the dominant mangrove genus, changes in adjacent shoreline land use, changes of shoreline land cover, and width of fringing mangroves. We suggest that a possible and inexpensive strategy for robust mangrove shoreline defense is direct mangrove planting to promote mangrove density with the presence of breakwater structures. In the shorter term, construction of coastal barriers such as fence-structured melaleuca poles in combination with mangrove restoration schemes could help retain coastal sediments and increase the elevation of the accretion zone, thereby helping to stabilize eroding fringe shorelines. It also is recommended that implementation of a system of payments for mangrove ecosystem services and the stronger regulation of mangrove cutting and unsustainable land-use change to strengthen the effectiveness of mangrove conservation programs and coastal land-use management.

Drivers of Coastal Shoreline Change: Case Study of Hon Dat Coast, Kien Giang, Vietnam

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Hai-Hoa; McAlpine, Clive; Pullar, David; Leisz, Stephen Joseph; Galina, Gramotnev

2015-05-01

Coastal shorelines are naturally dynamic, shifting in response to coastal geomorphological processes. Globally, land use change associated with coastal urban development and growing human population pressures is accelerating coastal shoreline change. In southern Vietnam, coastal erosion currently is posing considerable risks to shoreline land use and coastal inhabitants. The aim of this paper is to quantify historical shoreline changes along the Hon Dat coast between 1995 and 2009, and to document the relationships between coastal mangrove composition, width and density, and rates of shoreline change. The generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to quantify the major biophysical and land-use factors influencing shoreline change rates. Most significant drivers of the rates of change are cutting of mangroves, the dominant mangrove genus, changes in adjacent shoreline land use, changes of shoreline land cover, and width of fringing mangroves. We suggest that a possible and inexpensive strategy for robust mangrove shoreline defense is direct mangrove planting to promote mangrove density with the presence of breakwater structures. In the shorter term, construction of coastal barriers such as fence-structured melaleuca poles in combination with mangrove restoration schemes could help retain coastal sediments and increase the elevation of the accretion zone, thereby helping to stabilize eroding fringe shorelines. It also is recommended that implementation of a system of payments for mangrove ecosystem services and the stronger regulation of mangrove cutting and unsustainable land-use change to strengthen the effectiveness of mangrove conservation programs and coastal land-use management.

Development and operation of a real-time data acquisition system for the NASA-LaRC differential absorption lidar

Science.gov (United States)

Butler, C.

1985-01-01

Computer hardware and software of the NASA multipurpose differential absorption lidar (DIAL) sysatem were improved. The NASA DIAL system is undergoing development and experimental deployment for remote measurement of atmospheric trace gas concentration from ground and aircraft platforms. A viable DIAL system was developed with the capability of remotely measuring O3 and H2O concentrations from an aircraft platform. Test flights were successfully performed on board the NASA/Goddard Flight Center Electra aircraft from 1980 to 1984. Improvements on the DIAL data acquisition system (DAS) are described.

Informação, conhecimento e capitalismo: uma abordagem dialética | Information, knowledge and capitalism: a dialectical approach

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Rodrigo Moreno Marques

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Resumo Este ensaio aborda o papel da informação e do conhecimento ao longo do desenvolvimento do modo de produção capitalista, especialmente na atualidade, quando ganham popularidade termos como sociedade da informação e do conhecimento, economia do conhecimento, capital intelectual e capital humano. Nosso ponto de partida será a apresentação de alguns fundamentos da dialética materialista, filosofia precursora da investigação das relações entre capital e conhecimento. Indo além da luz lançada por Marx sobre essa obscura problemática, esse texto também destaca algumas teorias de autores contemporâneos que, partindo das concepções marxistas, tentam explicar a realidade do século XXI a partir da subsunção, em maior ou menor grau, do trabalho pelo capital. Essa perspectiva permite afirmar que a dominação das condições de trabalho no modo de produção capitalista avança a passos largos em busca da apropriação privada do intelecto geral. Palavras-chave informação, conhecimento, capitalismo, dialética materialista, apropriação privada do intelecto geral Abstract This essay discusses the role of information and knowledge throughout the development of the capitalist mode of production, especially nowadays, when some terms become popular such as information and knowledge society, knowledge economy, intellectual capital and human capital. Our starting point is the presentation of some foundations of dialectical materialism, a precursor philosophy to investigate the relationships between capital and knowledge. Drawing on Marxist ideas and going beyond in this obscure issue, this paper also highlights some theories of contemporary authors which, starting from Marxist concepts, attempt to explain the 21st century reality based on the subsumption of labor under capital in a greater or lesser extent. This perspective allows us to assert that the domination of working conditions in the capitalist mode of production has

The power of personality in discriminating between healthy aging and early-stage Alzheimer's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Duchek, Janet M; Balota, David A; Storandt, Martha; Larsen, Randy

2007-11-01

This study examined differences in personality in the earliest stages of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) relative to healthy aging, and the power of personality in discriminating healthy aging from early-stage DAT. Four groups of participants (middle-aged controls, older controls, persons with very mild DAT, and persons with mild DAT) and their families were administered Costa and McCrae's NEO Five-Factor Inventory. On the basis of both self-report and informant report, there was an increase in neuroticism and a decrease in conscientiousness in persons with very mild DAT relative to healthy individuals without it, and in persons with mild DAT relative to those with very mild DAT. Moreover, informant reports of neuroticism and conscientiousness capture substantial unique variance in discriminating healthy aging and very mild DAT, above and beyond standard neuropsychological tests. Discussion focuses on the importance of personality traits as a noncognitive indicator of early-stage DAT.

Proteomic Analysis of Plasma from California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus Reveals Apolipoprotein E as a Candidate Biomarker of Chronic Domoic Acid Toxicosis.

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Benjamin A Neely

Full Text Available Domoic acid toxicosis (DAT in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus is caused by exposure to the marine biotoxin domoic acid and has been linked to massive stranding events and mortality. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs in addition to the presence of domoic acid in body fluids. Chronic DAT further is characterized by reoccurring seizures progressing to status epilepticus. Diagnosis of chronic DAT is often slow and problematic, and minimally invasive tests for DAT have been the focus of numerous recent biomarker studies. The goal of this study was to retrospectively profile plasma proteins in a population of sea lions with chronic DAT and those without DAT using two dimensional gel electrophoresis to discover whether individual, multiple, or combinations of protein and clinical data could be utilized to identify sea lions with DAT. Using a training set of 32 sea lion sera, 20 proteins and their isoforms were identified that were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05. Interestingly, 11 apolipoprotein E (ApoE charge forms were decreased in DAT samples, indicating that ApoE charge form distributions may be important in the progression of DAT. In order to develop a classifier of chronic DAT, an independent blinded test set of 20 sea lions, seven with chronic DAT, was used to validate models utilizing ApoE charge forms and eosinophil counts. The resulting support vector machine had high sensitivity (85.7% with 92.3% negative predictive value and high specificity (92.3% with 85.7% positive predictive value. These results suggest that ApoE and eosinophil counts along with machine learning can perform as a robust and accurate tool to diagnose chronic DAT. Although this analysis is specifically focused on blood biomarkers and routine clinical data, the results demonstrate promise for future studies combining additional variables in multidimensional space to create robust classifiers.

Digit Symbol Performance in Mild Dementia and Depression.

Science.gov (United States)

Hart, Robert P.; And Others

1987-01-01

Patients with mild dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT), patients with major depression, and normal control subjects completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) Digit Symbol test of incidental memory. Though mild DAT and depressed patients had equivalent deficits in psychomotor speed, DAT patients recalled fewer digit-symbol items.…

Multivariate Metal-Organic Frameworks for Dialing-in the Binding and Programming the Release of Drug Molecules.

Science.gov (United States)

Dong, Zhiyue; Sun, Yangzesheng; Chu, Jun; Zhang, Xianzheng; Deng, Hexiang

2017-10-11

We report the control of guest release profiles by dialing-in desirable interactions between guest molecules and pores in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The interactions can be derived by the rate constants that were quantitatively correlated with the type of functional group and its proportion in the porous structure; thus the release of guest molecules can be predicted and programmed. Specifically, three probe molecules (ibuprofen, rhodamine B, and doxorubicin) were studied in a series of robust and mesoporous MOFs with multiple functional groups [MIL-101(Fe)-(NH 2 ) x , MIL-101(Fe)-(C 4 H 4 ) x , and MIL-101(Fe)-(C 4 H 4 ) x (NH 2 ) 1-x ]. The release rate can be adjusted by 32-fold [rhodamine from MIL-101(Fe)-(NH 2 ) x ], and the time of release peak can be shifted by up to 12 days over a 40-day release period [doxorubicin from MIL-101(Fe)-(C 4 H 4 ) x (NH 2 ) 1-x ], which was not obtained in the physical mixture of the single component MOF counterparts nor in other porous materials. The corelease of two pro-drug molecules (ibuprofen and doxorubicin) was also achieved.

Direct Agglutination Test and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Urine Samples for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishma-niasis

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Sarkari B

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL or Kala azar is an infectious disease caused by various species of Leishmania parasites. The aim of this study was to detect and compare the presence of anti-Leishmania antibodies in the urine of vis-ceral leishmaniasis patients using ELISA and DAT methods."nMethods: A total of 30 urine samples were collected from VL patients referred to Shiraz (southeast of Iran hospitals. Moreover 31 urine samples were collected from healthy individuals and patients with other diseases such as malaria, brucellosis, hydatidosis and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Collected samples were examined to detect anti-Leishmania antibod-ies in urine, using ELISA and DAT."nResults: Anti-Leishmania antibody was detected in urine of 18 out of 30 (60% VL patients by DAT while ELISA detected anti-Leishmania antibodies in urine of 28 out of 30 (93.3% of VL cases. Sensitivity and specificity of urine-based DAT was 60% and 83.9%, respectively while sensitivity and specificity of urine-based ELISA were 93.3% and 93.5%, corre-spondingly. "nConclusion: Urine-based DAT and ELISA have a reasonable specificity and sensitivity in diagnosis of VL. Accordingly, urine-based ELISA might be a suitable alternative for serum based assays for diagnosis of VL.

Título da página electrónica: EM-DAT, The International Disaster Database – Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disaster (CRED

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Susana Freiria

2012-12-01

Full Text Available A EM-DAT consiste numa base de dados com mais de 18 000 grandes desastres ocorridos em todo o mundo desde 1900. Um dado fenómeno é considerado um desastre quando se verifica pelo menos uma das seguintes situações: 10 ou mais pessoas são dadas como vítimas mortais; 100 ou mais pessoas são registadas como afectadas; é emitida uma declaração de estado de emergência; é feito um pedido de ajuda internacional. A base é mantida pelo Centro de Pesquisa em Epidemiologia de Desastres, na Escola de Saú...

Development of the 1.6μm OPG/OPA system wavelength-controlled precisely for CO2 DIAL

Science.gov (United States)

Abo, M.; Shibata, Y.; Nagasawa, C.

2010-12-01

We developed an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) laser system for 1.6μm CO2 DIAL1). In order to improve the measurement accuracy of CO2 profiles, development of high power and wavelength stabilized laser system has been conducted. We report a new high-power 1.6μm laser transmitter based on a parametric master oscillator-power amplifier (MOPA) system pumped by a LD-pumped Q-switched Nd:YAG laser which has the injection seed laser locked to the iodine absorption line. The master oscillator is an optical parametric generator (OPG), based on an MgO-doped periodically poled LiTaO3 (PPMgLT) crystal. The OPOs require either active control of the cavity length or slight misalignment of the cavity. On the other hand, the OPGs do not require a cavity and instead rely on sufficient conversion efficiency to be obtained with a single pass through the crystal. The single-frequency oscillation of the OPG was achieved by injection seeding. The 1.6μm emission of the OPG is amplified by two-stage optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs). The each PPMgLT crystal was mounted on the copper holder, and the temperature control of the each holder was carried out within 0.01 K. The wavelength feedback system of the Nd:YAG seed laser is performed with the side locking of the iodine absorption spectrum (line No.1107) and the frequency stability is realized within 10 MHz rms. Stabilization of the 1.6μm DFB seed laser is estimated to within 4 MHz rms at the CO2 absorption line center and within 1.8 MHz rms at the CO2 absorption line slope using the wavelength control unit. We demonstrated single-longitudinal-mode emission with the OPG and two OPAs. The beam quality was TEM00 mode, the pulse energy was 12 mJ at 500 Hz repetition rate and the frequency stability was less than 10MHz rms. The unique performances of this optical parametric system make a relevant transmitter for CO2 DIAL. This work was financially supported by the System Development Program for Advanced Measurement and Analysis

Dose Response of Sodium Nitrite on Vasoactivity Associated with HBOC-201 in a Swine Model of Controlled Hemorrhage

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-01

Charles Auker, Richard McCarron, Daniel Freilich Naval Medical Research Center, NeuroTrauma Department, Silver Spring, MD Fran~oise Arnaud, Anke H...three lOml/kg infusions of either HBOC-201 or Hextend with and without NaNOr All vital signs, coagulation and blood chemistry were measured for 2hr...Fran~oise Arnaud, PhD. Naval Medical Research Center (NMRC). Operational and Undersea Medicine. NeuroTrauma Department. 503 Robert Grant Ave. Silver

The necessity of clinical application of tibial reduction for detection of underestimated posterolateral rotatory instability in combined posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner deficient knee.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Han-Jun; Park, Yong-Beom; Ko, Young-Bong; Kim, Seong-Hwan; Kwon, Hyeok-Bin; Yu, Dong-Seok; Jung, Young-Bok

2015-10-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of tibial reduction during dial test for clinical detection of underestimated posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI) in combined posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-posterolateral corner (PLC) deficient knee in terms of external rotation laxity and clinical outcomes. Twenty-one patients who classified as grade I PLRI using dial test with subluxated tibia, but classified as grade II with tibial reduction evaluated retrospectively. The mean follow-up was 39.3 months (range 24-61 months). Each patient was evaluated by the following variables: posterior translation and varus laxity on radiograph, KT-1000 arthrometer, dial test (reduced and subluxated position), International Knee Documentation Committee, Orthopädische Arbeitsgruppe Knie scoring system and Tegner activity scale. There were significant improvements in posterior tibial translation (8.6 ± 2.0 to 2.1 ± 1.0 mm; P application of reduction of posteriorly subluxated tibia during the dial test was essential for an appropriate treatment of underestimated PLRI in combined PCL-PLC deficient knee. Retrospective case series, Level IV.

The structural evolution of the Dialé-Daléma basin, Kédougou-Kéniéba Inlier, eastern Senegal

Science.gov (United States)

Diatta, Famara; Ndiaye, Papa Moussa; Diène, Mahamadane; Amponsah, Prince Ofori; Ganne, Jérôme

2017-05-01

The Dialé-Daléma group is located in the eastern part of the Kédougou-Kenieba Inlier (KKI) and is essentially composed of Paleoproterozoic rock formations. Lithostructural studies in this area, hassuggested, often controversial, deformational regimes and geodynamic evolution models. In this study, we suggest the existence of an initial tangential D1 deformation and transpressional D2 deformational phases. D1 is characterized by an initial metamorphic schistosity denoted as S1 and by F1 folds with the main shortening stress direction generally oriented in NW-SE direction. D2 in the study area is divided into two stages. The first stage designated as D2a is coaxial and compressive in nature. It is characterized by a N-S to NNE-SSW trending metamorphic schistosity termed S2a. The D2a phase evolves gradually to a transcurrent phase connoted as D2b and characterized by a NNE-SSW S2b metamorphic schistosity which is axial planar to the F2b folds with subvertical fold axes. During the D2 phase, the main shortening stress direction rotates gradually in a clockwise motion from an E-W to a NW-SE direction within a continuum of deformation. The third deformation phase D3 in the Dialé-Daléma basin, is also divided into two stages, thus D3a and D3b. D3a is transcurrent and transtensive in nature and is characterized by NE-SW sinistral shear corridors with local extensional jogs. During this deformation stage, the maximum shortening stress (σ1) direction acts in a N-S direction and rotate to a NE-SW direction, thereby creating a N-S transcurrent dextral shear corridors. D3b component of the D3 deformation is compressive in nature with a weak sinistral shear component. The D4 corresponds to a N-S extensional phase which is characterized by E-W directed normal faults. D4 in the study area denotes the final stage of the evolution of the Eburnean orogeny in the KKI.

Experimental Study of Dowel Bar Alternatives Based on Similarity Model Test

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Chichun Hu

2017-01-01

Full Text Available In this study, a small-scaled accelerated loading test based on similarity theory and Accelerated Pavement Analyzer was developed to evaluate dowel bars with different materials and cross-sections. Jointed concrete specimen consisting of one dowel was designed as scaled model for the test, and each specimen was subjected to 864 thousand loading cycles. Deflections between jointed slabs were measured with dial indicators, and strains of the dowel bars were monitored with strain gauges. The load transfer efficiency, differential deflection, and dowel-concrete bearing stress for each case were calculated from these measurements. The test results indicated that the effect of the dowel modulus on load transfer efficiency can be characterized based on the similarity model test developed in the study. Moreover, round steel dowel was found to have similar performance to larger FRP dowel, and elliptical dowel can be preferentially considered in practice.

Genética molecular de caracteres cuantitativos en cruzamientos dialélicos de tomate

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Guillermo Raúl Pratta

2011-05-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar marcadores moleculares y caracteres cuantitativos en un cruzamiento dialélico completo sin recíprocos, entre cinco líneas recombinantes de tomate y sus híbridos. Se obtuvieron perfiles de AFLP ("amplified fragment length polymorphism" y de polipéptidos del pericarpio en cuatro estados de madurez del fruto de 15 genotipos. Se evaluaron, entre otros: peso, acidez titulable, pH, vida poscosecha y firmeza. Se calculó el porcentaje de polimorfismo para los marcadores moleculares y el porcentaje de variabilidad genética para los caracteres cuantitativos en el grupo de líneas recombinantes, el de híbridos y el conjunto de genotipos. Se realizaron análisis de agrupamiento con cada nivel de variación genética. Para AFLP, el porcentaje de polimorfismo varió entre 34 y 54% y, para los perfiles polipeptídicos, entre 40 y 78%. Mayor polimorfismo fue observado en el grupo de híbridos. La variabilidad genética fue de 100% para acidez y 34% para firmeza, con los mayores valores en los parentales. La similitud genética varió entre los genotipos según el nivel de variación genética; pero la consistencia en el agrupamiento de algunas líneas recombinantes y sus híbridos fue conservada, lo que evidenció asociaciones entre los datos moleculares y fenotípicos.

The concurrent validity of the technical test battery as an indicator of work performance in a telecommunications company

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Marelize Barnard

2005-10-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to assess the concurrent validity of the Technical Test Battery (TTB in a South African telecommunications institution. The Technical Test Battery (TTB was administered to a sample of 107 technical officers. Their test scores were compared to the scores obtained from a job performance rating scale specifically designed for this position on the basis of a thorough job analysis. The TTB demonstrated high concurrent validity as an indicator of work performance for technical posts in the telecommunications environment. These results suggest that the TTB may have a high predictive validity for performance in technical positions. The findings and implications of the study are discussed. Opsomming Die doel van hierdie studie was om die samevallende geldigheid van die “Technical Test Battery (TTB�? in ’n Suid-Afrikaanse telekommunikasie instansie te bepaal. Die TTB is op ’n steekproef van 107 tegniese personeel toegepas. Die toetstellings is in verband gebring met die tellings van ’n werksprestasiemaatstaf wat spesifiek vir die pos ontwikkel is op grond van ’n deeglike posanalise. Daar is bevind dat die TTB ’n hoë samevallende geldigheid as aanduider van werksprestasie vir tegniese poste in the telekommunikasiebedryf toon. Dié resultate dui op ’n sterk moontlikheid dat die TTB ’n goeie voorspeller van werksprestasie vir tegniese beroepe kan wees. Die bevindinge en implikasies van die studie word bespreek.

Teoria e eficácia da terapia comportamental dialética na bulimia nervosa e no transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica Theory and efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder

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Rui Alexandre Nunes-Costa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Procura-se analisar as atuais evidências empíricas e teóricas sobre o modo de operar nas intervenções comportamentais dialéticas. Procedeu-se igualmente à análise da eficácia dessa terapia no tratamento da bulimia nervosa e no transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica. MÉTODO: Realizou-se uma revisão agregativa da literatura, recorrendo às palavras-chave "dialectical behavior therapy", "bulimia nervosa" e "binge eating disorder" nas bases de dados PsycInfo e MedLine e em livros da especialidade, sob o critério da atualidade e premência das publicações levantadas. RESULTADOS: A terapia comportamental dialética, inicialmente desenhada para o transtorno de personalidade borderline, tem-se estendido a outros transtornos do eixo I. Sua aplicação às perturbações alimentares sustentase num paradigma dialético com o recurso das estratégias comportamentais e cognitivas. Esse modelo permite aos pacientes uma regulação mais efetiva dos estados afetivos negativos, reduzindo a probabilidade da ocorrência de comportamentos bulímicos e de compulsão alimentar periódica. CONCLUSÃO: Embora escasseiem estudos sobre a sua eficácia, os resultados existentes parecem comprovar a eficácia da terapia comportamental dialética nas populações descritas.OBJECTIVES: Current theoretical and empirical evidences on how to operate in dialectical behavioral interventions were examined. The effectiveness of these interventions in the treatment of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder were analyzed too. METHOD: An aggregative literature review was made, using the keywords "dialectical behavior therapy", "bulimia nervosa" and "binge eating disorder", from the database PsycInfo and MedLine and from reference books, selecting the most representative and recent scientific texts about this psychotherapy model. RESULTS: Dialectical behavior therapy, initially designed for borderline personality disorder, has been extended to other

Fisiologia do Exercício para alunos de graduação: uso de estratégias de ensino baseadas na metodologia dialética

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Christiano Robles Rodrigues Alves

2013-06-01

Full Text Available A metodologia dialética propõe um ensino de dupla mão (professor-aluno que provoque a aprendizagem por meio de tarefas contínuas dos sujeitos. Para isso, o professor assume o papel de mediador e dirige as diferentes atividades. Nesse contexto, a Fisiologia do Exercício é uma disciplina academicamente orientada que está inserida em um ambiente dinâmico, e a utilização de estratégias de ensino se faz necessária para otimizar a apropriação do conhecimento de forma ativa, além de contribuir para a maior autonomia dos estudantes universitários. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi o de utilizar diferentes estratégias de ensinagem por meio de atividades propostas aos alunos na disciplina de Fisiologia da Atividade Motora I da Escola de Educação Física e Esporte da Universidade de São Paulo e correlacionar o desempenho do aluno com a sua participação nessas atividades propostas. Nossos principais achados demonstram correlações significativas e positivas entre a presença nas aulas e o desempenho nas avaliações (p < 0,0001; r = 0,84, bem como entre a realização das atividades propostas e o desempenho nas avaliações (p < 0,0001; r = 0,69. Em conjunto, esses dados sugerem que a utilização de diferentes estratégias de ensinagem baseadas na metodologia dialética com a ativa participação dos alunos é essencial para um bom rendimento acadêmico, sendo altamente recomendada para o ensino da Fisiologia do Exercício.

(ajst) selection and testing of ballast stones

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrator

portal steel spring leaf fixed along its horizontal axis. In the middle of one side of the frame, a dial gauge is mounted in such a way that its probe is in .... 1992. Rock Fracture Mechanics;. Principles, Design and Application Elsevier Science.

rK39 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Leishmania donovani infection

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zijlstra, E. E.; Daifalla, N. S.; Kager, P. A.; Khalil, E. A.; El-Hassan, A. M.; Reed, S. G.; Ghalib, H. W.

1998-01-01

The rK39 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared with the direct agglutination test (DAT) for Leishmania donovani infection in the Sudan. rK39 ELISA proved more sensitive than DAT in diagnosis of kala-azar (93 and 80%, respectively); both tests may remain positive up to 24 months

Mobilní přístup k datům z automatizačních prvků (vývoj Back-End části aplikace)

OpenAIRE

Habarta, Lukáš

2016-01-01

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá průzkumem a popisem technologií použitých při vývoji mobilní aplikace. Dále návrhem a implementací mobilního přístupu k datům z automatizačních prvků. Aplikace pracuje se servery založenými na standardu OPC Foundation Classic. This bachelor thesis is concerning about research and description of technologies which were used for mobile application development. Design and implementation of mobile accessing of automation data is also discussed. Application works...

Behavioral Phenotyping of Dopamine Transporter Knockout Rats: Compulsive Traits, Motor Stereotypies, and Anhedonia

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Stefano Cinque

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Alterations in dopamine neurotransmission are generally associated with diseases such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD. Such diseases typically feature poor decision making and lack of control on executive functions and have been studied through the years using many animal models. Dopamine transporter (DAT knockout (KO and heterozygous (HET mice, in particular, have been widely used to study ADHD. Recently, a strain of DAT KO rats has been developed (1. Here, we provide a phenotypic characterization of reward sensitivity and compulsive choice by adult rats born from DAT–HET dams bred with DAT–HET males, in order to further validate DAT KO rats as an animal model for preclinical research. We first tested DAT KO rats’ sensitivity to rewarding stimuli, provided by highly appetitive food or sweet water; then, we tested their choice behavior with an Intolerance-to-Delay Task (IDT. During these tests, DAT KO rats appeared less sensitive to rewarding stimuli than wild-type (WT and HET rats: they also showed a prominent hyperactive behavior with a rigid choice pattern and a wide number of compulsive stereotypies. Moreover, during the IDT, we tested the effects of amphetamine (AMPH and RO-5203648, a trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1 partial agonist. AMPH accentuated impulsive behaviors in WT and HET rats, while it had no effect in DAT KO rats. Finally, we measured the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine receptor 2 (D2, serotonin transporter, and TAAR1 mRNA transcripts in samples of ventral striatum, finding no significant differences between WT and KO genotypes. Throughout this study, DAT KO rats showed alterations in decision-making processes and in motivational states, as well as prominent motor and oral stereotypies: more studies are warranted to fully characterize and efficiently use them in preclinical research.

Datça-Bozburun Yarımadası (Ege Denizi Kıyı Balıkçılığı ve Sorunları Üzerine Bir Araştırma.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Okan Akyol

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Datça-Bozburun Yarımadası’nın kıyı balıkçılık aktiviteleri, hedef balık türleri, balıkçılık sorunları, balıkçı kooperatiflerinin özellikleri, balıkçı tekneleri ve barınakları araştırılmıştır. Örneklemeler iki balıkçı kooperatifi (Datça ve Karaköy ve 8 balıkçılık barınağında 2005-2006 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Bölgede toplam 32 kooperatif üyesi ile yaklaşık 170 balıkçı teknesi kaydedilmiştir. Üye sayılarına göre en büyük balıkçı kooperatifi Datça’dır. Bölgede kıyı balıkçılığı yoğun olarak paragat, sade ve fanyalı uzatma ağlarıyla yürütülmektedir. Uzatma ağı ve paragat balıkçılığında yakalanan balık ve omurgasızlar Ege ve Akdeniz’in yerleşik tipik balıklarıdır. Mullus barbatus, Sphyraena sphyraena, Seriola dumerilii, Pagellus erythrinus, Dentex dentex, Mullus surmuletus, Sarda sarda, Xiphias gladius, Epinephelus aeneus, Loligo vulgaris, Octopus vulgaris vb. ticari avdaki hedef türlerdir. Fakat bölgedeki balıkçılık aktiviteleri kısa balıkçılık sezonu, düşük balıkçılık kapasitesi ve az sayıdaki balıkçı nedeniyle göreceli olarak oldukça zayıf bulunmuştur

Liquid Argon Calorimeter - Barrel Cryostat Construction and Testing May-June 2000

CERN Multimedia

US, ATLAS

1999-01-01

Photo 1 - Outer Cold Cryostat showing 'Y' support. Photo 2 - Outer Cold Vessel half showing 'X' and 'Z' stops and 'Y' supports. Photo 3 - Cold Vessel Bulkhead, End 'C'. Photo 4 - Outer Cold Vessel half, showing EM Calorimeter support rail. Photo 5 - End of Outer Cold Vessel showing EM Calorimeter support rail. Photo 6 - Al/SST Transitions for Signal and High Voltage feedthroughs. Test weld blocks shown in background. Photo 7 - Welding of Al/SST Transitions onto Outer Cold Vessel. Photo 8 - Al/SST Transitions, including test pumpouts. Photo 9 - Machining of Inner Cold vessel. Photo 10 - Warm Vessel being assembled for leak testing Photo 11 - Setting up Warm Vessel on test stand. Photo 12 - Warm Vessel assembly for testing complete. Photo 13 - Dial indicators mounted against the Warm Vessel Bulkhead during testing. Photo 14 - Pumping on Warm Vessel. Photo 15 - Pumping on the Warm Vessel. Photo 16 - Checking the Solenoid Chimney. Photo 17 - Leak checking the Inner Warm Vessel/Bulkhead flange in the area of ID co...

Parcels and Land Ownership, Derived from countywide parcel cover (scparcel) and CAMA.dat info table. Primary attributes include Parcel IDS (Control, Key, and PIN), calculated acreage, Appraiser's most recent landcover assessment year, and Appraiser's property ownership and value., Published in 2008, 1:1200 (1in=100ft) scale, Sedgwick County Government.

Data.gov (United States)

NSGIC Local Govt | GIS Inventory — Parcels and Land Ownership dataset current as of 2008. Derived from countywide parcel cover (scparcel) and CAMA.dat info table. Primary attributes include Parcel IDS...

Guiding Inspiratory Flow: Development of the In-Check DIAL G16, a Tool for Improving Inhaler Technique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mark Jeremy Sanders

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Portable inhalers are divisible into those that deliver medication by patient triggering (pMDIs: a gentle slow inhalation and those that use the patient’s inspiratory effort as the force for deaggregation and delivery (DPIs: a stronger deeper inspiratory effort. Patient confusion and poor technique are commonplace. The use of training tools has become standard practice, and unique amongst these is an inspiratory flow meter (In-Check which is able to simulate the resistance characteristics of different inhalers and, thereby, guide the patient to the correct effort. In-Check’s origins lie in the 1960s peak expiratory flow meters, the development of the Mini-Wright peak flow meter, and inspiratory flow assessment via the nose during the 1970s–1980s. The current device (In-Check DIAL G16 is the third iteration of the original 1998 training tool, with detailed and ongoing assessments of all common inhaler resistances (including combination and breath-actuated inhaler types summarised into resistance ranges that are preset within the device. The device works by interpolating one of six ranges with the inspiratory effort. Use of the tool has been shown to be contributory to significant improvements in asthma care and control, and it is being advocated for assessment and training in irreversible lung disease.

Access to diphtheria antitoxin for therapy and diagnostics.

Science.gov (United States)

Both, L; White, J; Mandal, S; Efstratiou, A

2014-06-19

The most effective treatment for diphtheria is swift administration of diphtheria antitoxin (DAT) with conjunct antibiotic therapy. DAT is an equine immunoglobulin preparation and listed among the World Health Organization Essential Medicines. Essential Medicines should be available in functioning health systems at all times in adequate amounts, in appropriate dosage forms, with assured quality, and at prices individuals and the community can afford. However, DAT is in scarce supply and frequently unavailable to patients because of discontinued production in several countries, low economic viability, and high regulatory requirements for the safe manufacture of blood-derived products. DAT is also a cornerstone of diphtheria diagnostics but several diagnostic reference laboratories across the European Union (EU) and elsewhere routinely face problems in sourcing DAT for toxigenicity testing. Overall, global access to DAT for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications seems inadequate. Therefore--besides efforts to improve the current supply of DAT--accelerated research and development of alternatives including monoclonal antibodies for therapy and molecular-based methods for diagnostics are required. Given the rarity of the disease, it would be useful to organise a small stockpile centrally for all EU countries and to maintain an inventory of DAT availability within and between countries.

Comparison of VerifyNow-P2Y12 test and Flow Cytometry for monitoring individual platelet response to clopidogrel. What is the cut-off value for identifying patients who are low responders to clopidogrel therapy?

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Castelli Alfredo

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Dual anti-platelet therapy with aspirin and a thienopyridine (DAT is used to prevent stent thrombosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI. Low response to clopidogrel therapy (LR occurs, but laboratory tests have a controversial role in the identification of this condition. Methods We studied LR in patients with stable angina undergoing elective PCI, all on DAT for at least 7 days, by comparing: 1 Flow cytometry (FC to measure platelet membrane expression of P-selectin (CD62P and PAC-1 binding following double stimulation with ADP and collagen type I either in the presence of prostaglandin (PG E1; 2 VerifyNow-P2Y12 test, in which results are reported as absolute P2Y12-Reaction-Units (PRU or % of inhibition (% inhibition. Results Thirty controls and 52 patients were analyzed. The median percentage of platelets exhibiting CD62P expression and PAC-1 binding by FC evaluation after stimulation in the presence of PG E1 was 25.4% (IQR: 21.4–33.1% and 3.5% (1.7–9.4%, respectively. Only 6 patients receiving DAT (11.5% had both values above the 1st quartile of controls, and were defined as LR. Evaluation of the same patients with the VerifyNow-P2Y12 test revealed that the area under the receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC curve was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.84–0.98, p 213 PRU gave the maximum accuracy for the detection of patients defined as having LR by FC. Conclusion In conclusion our findings show that a cut-off value of ≤ 15% inhibition or > 213 PRU in the VerifyNow-P2Y12 test may provide the best accuracy for the identification of patients with LR.

The role of CT and MRI in the assessment of dementia of Alzheimer type

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Hong; Wang Jun; Li Binxiang; Bai Peichen; Ma Jintang

1998-01-01

Purpose: To test the predictive value of atrophy of hippocampal formation (HF) in detecting dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) patients with CT and MRI. Materials and methods: A total of 30 subjects (13 DAT patients and 17 normal volunteers) were studied with CT. The MR examinations were performed in 13 subjects (8 DAT and 5 normal). The width of choroidal fissure/hippocampal fissure on CT and MR imaging was measured to assess the HF volume. Results: MMSE sensitivity exceeded that of choroidal fissure/hippocampal fissure in DAT patients and the specificity of choroidal fissure/hippocampal fissure was superior to that of MMSE in normal volunteers. A significant correlation (P<0.05) between MMSE score and HF volume was observed in all DAT patients. Conclusion: Dilatation of choroidal fissure/hippocampal fissure and reduction of HF volume were a useful radiologic marker for the diagnosis of DAT

Direct-to-consumer testing: more risks than opportunities.

Science.gov (United States)

Lippi, G; Favaloro, E J; Plebani, M

2011-12-01

As a result of incessant genetic discoveries and remarkable technological advancements, the availability and the consequent consumer's request for genetic testing are growing exponentially, leading to the development of a 'parallel' market, i.e. the direct-to-consumer (DTC) testing, also known as 'direct access testing' (DAT). Analogous to the traditional laboratory diagnostics, drawbacks of DTC testing might arise from any step characterising the total testing process, and include poor control of both appropriateness and preanalytical requirements, potential operation outside national or international regulation for in vitro diagnostic testing, little evidence of quality as well as the risk of transfer of genetic materials from the companies to other entities. Another important issue is the test panels offered to consumers, which are often based on preliminary, speculative or unsupported scientific information. Finally, the potential of this type of testing to generate anxiety or false reassurance should also be carefully considered. Although DTC testing carries some theoretical advantages (e.g. greater consumer autonomy and empowerment), solid clinical studies and costs vs. benefit analyses are needed to definitely establish whether DTC testing might be effective for decreasing the burden of diseases, delay their onset or modify their progression and therefore the clinical outcome. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

La subjetividad desde la perspectiva histórico cultural: un tránsito desde el pensamiento dialéctico al pensamiento complejo

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Oscar G. Hernández

2008-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se expone conceptualmente la categoría de la subjetividad y los elementos que la sustentan desde las propuestas provenientes de la psicología histórico cultural. Para ello se hizo una revisión de las principales ideas de la filosofía del materialismo dialéctico, y de los elementos en la obra de L.Vigotsky que se relacionan con su develamiento. Adicionalmente, se realizó una breve exposición de las contribuciones más destacadas que desde la psicología soviética, facilitaron una concepción particular de la subjetividad humana. Finalmente, se muestran los principios del pensamiento complejo propuesto por E. Morin y su articulación respecto a la propuesta actual de la subjetividad como campo de investigación psicológica.

A comunicação como instrumento de promoção de saúde na clínica dialítica La comunicación como herramienta de promoción de la salud en la clínica de dialísis Communication as a tool for health promotion in a clinic of dialysis

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Maria Socorro de Araújo Dias

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, respaldou-se no referencial da hermenêutica dialética para buscar compreender as concepções dos profissionais de saúde que integram a clínica dialítica sobre promoção da saúde, além de elucidar como o processo de comunicação entre profissionais e sujeitos que realizam diálise contribui para uma clínica promotora de saúde. Para isso, foram utilizados como métodos de coleta de dados entrevistas livres e observação-participante, além da consulta a fontes documentais. Os resultados evidenciam que não há consenso na concepção da clínica enquanto espaço promotor da saúde, no entanto, infere-se na subjetividade dos profissionais o desejo de uma comunicação efetiva e eficaz, no sentido de resignificar o espaço da clínica na perspectiva da promoção da saúde.Este estudio es de naturaleza cualitativa y se respaldó con el referencial de la hermenéutica dialéctica para procurar buscar comprender los conceptos de los profesionales de salud que integran la práctica clínica de diálisis sobre promoción de salud, además de elucidar como el proceso de comunicación entre profesionales y los sujetos que realizan diálisis contribuye para una practica clínica promotora de salud. Para eso fueron usados como métodos de colecta de datos, entrevistas libres y observaciones- participante además de consultas a fuentes documentales. Los resultados evidencian que no hay consenso en la concepción de la práctica clínica como campo promotor de salud, sin embargo se infiere en el subjetivismo de los profesionales el deseo de una comunicación efectiva e eficiente en el sentido de dar un nuevo significado al campo de la práctica clínica en una perspectiva de promoción de salud.This is a study of qualitative nature and it was supported with the referential of the dialectical hermeneutics seeking for an understanding of the concepts of the professionals of health that integrate the clinical

C-VAT – Clinical Video game Addiction Test: een diagnostisch instrument voor het herkennen van gameverslaving in de klinische praktijk.

OpenAIRE

Rooij, A.J. van; Duin, L. van; Frielink, N.; DeFuentes-Merillas, L.; Schoenmakers, T.M.

2012-01-01

In de Nederlandse verslavingszorg worden hulpverleners in toenemende mate geconfronteerd met een hulpvraag op het gebied van ‘gameverslaving’. Tot nu toe is er echter geen diagnostisch instrument dat gebruikt kan worden om het probleem goed in kaart te brengen. Dit artikel bespreekt de ontwikkeling van een dergelijk instrument, de Clinical Video game Addiction Test (C-VAT). De lijst bestaat uit drie introductievragen, negen kernvragen en aanbevelingen gericht op het ontdekken van comorbide pr...

Opo lidar sounding of trace atmospheric gases in the 3 - 4 μm spectral range

Science.gov (United States)

Romanovskii, Oleg A.; Sadovnikov, Sergey A.; Kharchenko, Olga V.; Yakovlev, Semen V.

2018-04-01

The applicability of a KTA crystal-based laser system with optical parametric oscillators (OPO) generation to lidar sounding of the atmosphere in the spectral range 3-4 μm is studied in this work. A technique developed for lidar sounding of trace atmospheric gases (TAG) is based on differential absorption lidar (DIAL) method and differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS). The DIAL-DOAS technique is tested to estimate its efficiency for lidar sounding of atmospheric trace gases. The numerical simulation performed shows that a KTA-based OPO laser is a promising source of radiation for remote DIAL-DOAS sounding of the TAGs under study along surface tropospheric paths. A possibility of using a PD38-03-PR photodiode for the DIAL gas analysis of the atmosphere is shown.

A novel heterocyclic compound improves working memory in the radial arm maze and modulates the dopamine receptor D1R in frontal cortex of the Sprague-Dawley rat.

Science.gov (United States)

Hussein, Ahmed M; Aher, Yogesh D; Kalaba, Predrag; Aher, Nilima Y; Dragačević, Vladimir; Radoman, Bojana; Ilić, Marija; Leban, Johann; Beryozkina, Tetyana; Ahmed, Abdel Baset M A; Urban, Ernst; Langer, Thierry; Lubec, Gert

2017-08-14

A series of compounds have been shown to enhance cognitive function via the dopaminergic system and indeed the search for more active and less toxic compounds is continuing. It was therefore the aim of the study to synthetise and test a novel heterocyclic compound for cognitive enhancement in a paradigm for working memory. Specific and effective dopamine re-uptake inhibition DAT (IC50=4,1±0,8μM) made us test this compound in a radial arm maze (RAM) in the rat. CE-125 (4-((benzhydrylsulfinyl)methyl)-2-cyclopropylthiazole), was tested for dopamine (DAT), serotonin and norepinephrine re-uptake inhibition by a well-established system. The working memory index (WMI) was evaluated in male Sprague Dawley rats that were intraperitoneally injected with CE-125 (1 or 10mg/kg body weight). In order to evaluate basic neurotoxicity, the open field, elevated plus maze, rota rod studies and the forced swim test were carried out. Frontal cortex was taken at the last day of the RAM test and dopamine receptors D1R and D2R, DAT and phosphorylated DAT protein levels were determined. On the 10th day both doses were increasing the WMI as compared to the vehicle-treated group. In both, trained and treated groups, D1R levels were significantly reduced while D2R levels were unchanged. DAT levels were comparable between all groups while phosphorylated DAT levels were increased in the trained group treated with 1mg/kg body weight. CE-125 as a probably non-neurotoxic compound and specific reuptake inhibitor was shown to increase performance (WMI) and modulation of the dopaminergic system is proposed as a possible mechanism of action. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

El "Multiple Dialéctico" como Método de Análisis del Fenómeno Legal: Por una Nueva Matriz Latina de Crítica del "Sentido Común Teorético de los Juristas"

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Aloísio Krohling

2016-06-01

Full Text Available La matriz metodológica de "Múltiple Dialéctico" y "La ética como Matrix rizomática" del principio fontal de la vida digna se basa, de manera rizomatica, los Derechos Humanos en su perspectiva crítica y distante de los dictados de la economía global, que encarcela el discurso humanitario en una lógica neo-colonialista. En este trabajo se lleva a cabo una crítica jurídica dialéctica, para tejer consideraciones necesarias en el pensamiento crítico-normativo nacional y latino, con el fin de romper con lo Warat llama "Teoría del Sentido Común Teorético de Los Juristas".

Increased Diagnostic Accuracy of Digital vs. Conventional Clock Drawing Test for Discrimination of Patients in the Early Course of Alzheimer’s Disease from Cognitively Healthy Individuals

OpenAIRE

Müller, Stephan; Preische, Oliver; Heymann, Petra; Elbing, Ulrich; Laske, Christoph

2017-01-01

The conventional Clock Drawing Test (cCDT) is a rapid and inexpensive screening tool for detection of moderate and severe dementia. However, its usage is limited due to poor diagnostic accuracy especially in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The diagnostic value of a newly developed digital Clock Drawing Test (dCDT) was evaluated and compared with the cCDT in 20 patients with early dementia due to AD (eDAT), 30 patients with amnestic MCI (aMCI) and 20 cognitively healthy controls...

Interrelación dialéctica entre lo biológico y social en relación con factores de riesgo cardiovasculares en pacientes diabéticos obeso Tipo 2

OpenAIRE

Socarrás Súarez, María Matilde; Amaro Cano, María del Carmen; Blanco Anesto, Jorge

2002-01-01

Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre el fenómeno de la interrelación dialéctica entre lo biológico y lo social en el caso de factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 obesos. Ha sido considerado el envejecimiento, expresado en el incremento cada vez mayor de personas con edad de más de 60 años, el cual está determinando sobre la prevalencia de la enfermedad. Los factores sociales como hábitos de vida, hábitos alimentarios y estilos de vida, determinan, en últi...

Effects of the nicotinic agonist varenicline, nicotinic antagonist r-bPiDI, and DAT inhibitor (R)-modafinil on co-use of ethanol and nicotine in female P rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Maggio, Sarah E; Saunders, Meredith A; Baxter, Thomas A; Nixon, Kimberly; Prendergast, Mark A; Zheng, Guangrong; Crooks, Peter; Dwoskin, Linda P; Slack, Rachel D; Newman, Amy H; Bell, Richard L; Bardo, Michael T

2018-05-01

Co-users of alcohol and nicotine are the largest group of polysubstance users worldwide. Commonalities in mechanisms of action for ethanol (EtOH) and nicotine proposes the possibility of developing a single pharmacotherapeutic to treat co-use. Toward developing a preclinical model of co-use, female alcohol-preferring (P) rats were trained for voluntary EtOH drinking and i.v. nicotine self-administration in three phases: (1) EtOH alone (0 vs. 15%, two-bottle choice), (2) nicotine alone (0.03 mg/kg/infusion, active vs. inactive lever), and (3) concurrent access to both EtOH and nicotine. Using this model, we examined the effects of (1) varenicline, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) partial agonist with high affinity for the α4β2* subtype; (2) r-bPiDI, a subtype-selective antagonist at α6β2* nAChRs; and (3) (R)-modafinil, an atypical inhibitor of the dopamine transporter (DAT). In phases 1 and 2, pharmacologically relevant intake of EtOH and nicotine was achieved. In the concurrent access phase (phase 3), EtOH consumption decreased while nicotine intake increased relative to phases 1 and 2. For drug pretreatments, in the EtOH access phase (phase 1), (R)-modafinil (100 mg/kg) decreased EtOH consumption, with no effect on water consumption. In the concurrent access phase, varenicline (3 mg/kg), r-bPiDI (20 mg/kg), and (R)-modafinil (100 mg/kg) decreased nicotine self-administration but did not alter EtOH consumption, water consumption, or inactive lever pressing. These results indicate that therapeutics which may be useful for smoking cessation via selective inhibition of α4β2* or α6β2* nAChRs, or DAT inhibition, may not be sufficient to treat EtOH and nicotine co-use.

Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Based on the Patient's Creative Drawing Process: First Results with a Novel Neuropsychological Testing Method.

Science.gov (United States)

Heymann, Petra; Gienger, Regine; Hett, Andreas; Müller, Stephan; Laske, Christoph; Robens, Sibylle; Ostermann, Thomas; Elbing, Ulrich

2018-01-01

Based on the knowledge of art therapy, we developed a new neuropsychological drawing test in order to identify individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well as dementia patients and healthy controls (HC). By observing a variety of drawing characteristics of 92 participants with a mean age of 67.7, art therapy and dementia experts discriminate HC from MCI, early dementia of the Alzheimer-type (eDAT), and moderate dementia of the Alzheimer-type (mDAT) by the process analysis of tree drawings on a digitizing tablet. The art therapist's average categorical rating of healthy and MCI or demented individuals matched the clinical diagnosis by 88%. In a first small study, we analyzed interrater reliability, sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predicted values of our tree drawing test (TDT) in comparison with the clock drawing test (CDT). Similar values of moderate interrater reliability were found for the TDT (0.56) as well as for the CDT (0.54). A significant high sensitivity of 0.9 within this binary impairment scale (HC versus impaired or demented) can be demonstrated. Substantial values for the specificity (0.67) could be obtained that however remain under a perfect value of the CDT (1.0). Considering 31 individuals that received the clinical diagnosis "impaired or demented" the TDT shows a higher recognition rate for the MCI group than the CDT. Furthermore in 8 of 12 borderline cases of clinical diagnosis, the outcome of the TDT diagnosis was consistent with the final clinical result.

Aplicação de exercício isotônico durante a hemodiálise melhora a eficiência dialítica

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Ana Paula Coelho Figueira Freire

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A doença renal crônica (DRC é decorrente de uma lesão renal e perda progressiva e irreversível da função dos rins. A hemodiálise substitui parcialmente essa função, com o objetivo de corrigir as alterações metabólicas na DRC. Para acompanhar a adequação da diálise, é determinado o Kt/V - índice de depuração da ureia por sessão de hemodiálise. O exercício físico de moderada intensidade tem se mostrado de fundamental importância para melhorar os efeitos adversos ao tratamento dialítico. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o Kt/V em indivíduos com DRC submetidos ao exercício físico isotônico de baixa intensidade durante a hemodiálise. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Analisados dados de 15 voluntários de ambos os sexos, submetidos à hemodiálise três vezes por semana. Após duas horas do início da diálise, foi aplicado um protocolo de exercícios isotônicos de baixa intensidade de membros superiores e inferiores com duração de 30 minutos, por um período de três meses. Os valores do Kt/V foram comparados no período de três meses anteriores sem exercício e após três meses de exercício. RESULTADOS: A média dos valores do Kt/V nos três meses sem exercício foi de 1,13 ± 0,11 e após aplicação do programa de exercícios foi de 1,29 ± 0,12 (p < 0,05. CONCLUSÃO: O programa de exercício físico isotônico de baixa intensidade em pacientes com DRC, aplicados durante a sessão de diálise mostrou a melhora da eficiência dialítica.

Resolução de um caso real do problema dial-a-ride multicritério via clustering search

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Patrícia Perretto Rodrigues

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um clustering search (CS para o problema dial-a-ride (DARP multicritério presente na cidade de Vitória (ES. Em Vitória, os usuários especificam requisições de transporte entre origens e destinos com janelas de tempo para os horários de embarque e desembarque; o transporte é realizado por uma frota homogênea de veículos localizados inicialmente em uma mesma garagem; busca-se assim definir um conjunto de rotas de atendimento que minimize o custo de transporte (normalmente, tempo ou distância, o número de veículos utilizados e o tempo total de espera dos usuários, respeitando restrições como as de capacidade dos veículos e de precedência (o embarque de um usuário deve preceder o seu destino em uma rota. Dessa forma, o CS aqui proposto foi capaz de tratar as particularidades do caso de Vitória, ES. Bons resultados computacionais são apresentados considerando instâncias reais obtidas na Secretaria de Transportes, Trânsito e Infraestrutura Urbana de Vitória, ES.

[11C]PR04.MZ, a promising DAT ligand for low concentration imaging: synthesis, efficient 11C-O-methylation and initial small animal PET studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Riss, P.J.; Hooker, J.; Alexoff, D.; Kim, Sung-Won; Fowler, J.S.; Roesch, F.

2009-01-01

PR04.MZ was designed as a highly selective dopamine transporter inhibitor, derived from natural cocaine. Its binding profile indicates that [ 11 C]PR04.MZ may be suited as a PET radioligand for the non-invasive exploration of striatal and extrastriatal DAT populations. As a key feature, its structural design facilitates both, labelling with fluorine-18 at its terminally fluorinated butynyl moiety and carbon-11 at its methyl ester function. The present report concerns the efficient [ 11 C]MeI mediated synthesis of [ 11 C]PR04.MZ from an O-desmethyl precursor trifluoroacetic acid salt with Rb 2 CO 3 in DMF in up to 95 ± 5% labelling yield. A preliminary μPET-experiment demonstrates the reversible, highly specific binding of [ 11 C]PR04.MZ in the brain of a male Sprague-Dawley rat.

Optimization of the GSFC TROPOZ DIAL retrieval using synthetic lidar returns and ozonesondes - Part 1: Algorithm validation

Science.gov (United States)

Sullivan, J. T.; McGee, T. J.; Leblanc, T.; Sumnicht, G. K.; Twigg, L. W.

2015-10-01

The main purpose of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center TROPospheric OZone DIfferential Absorption Lidar (GSFC TROPOZ DIAL) is to measure the vertical distribution of tropospheric ozone for science investigations. Because of the important health and climate impacts of tropospheric ozone, it is imperative to quantify background photochemical ozone concentrations and ozone layers aloft, especially during air quality episodes. For these reasons, this paper addresses the necessary procedures to validate the TROPOZ retrieval algorithm and confirm that it is properly representing ozone concentrations. This paper is focused on ensuring the TROPOZ algorithm is properly quantifying ozone concentrations, and a following paper will focus on a systematic uncertainty analysis. This methodology begins by simulating synthetic lidar returns from actual TROPOZ lidar return signals in combination with a known ozone profile. From these synthetic signals, it is possible to explicitly determine retrieval algorithm biases from the known profile. This was then systematically performed to identify any areas that need refinement for a new operational version of the TROPOZ retrieval algorithm. One immediate outcome of this exercise was that a bin registration error in the correction for detector saturation within the original retrieval was discovered and was subsequently corrected for. Another noticeable outcome was that the vertical smoothing in the retrieval algorithm was upgraded from a constant vertical resolution to a variable vertical resolution to yield a statistical uncertainty of exercise was quite successful.

Opo lidar sounding of trace atmospheric gases in the 3 – 4 μm spectral range

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Romanovskii Oleg A.

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The applicability of a KTA crystal-based laser system with optical parametric oscillators (OPO generation to lidar sounding of the atmosphere in the spectral range 3–4 μm is studied in this work. A technique developed for lidar sounding of trace atmospheric gases (TAG is based on differential absorption lidar (DIAL method and differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS. The DIAL-DOAS technique is tested to estimate its efficiency for lidar sounding of atmospheric trace gases. The numerical simulation performed shows that a KTA-based OPO laser is a promising source of radiation for remote DIAL-DOAS sounding of the TAGs under study along surface tropospheric paths. A possibility of using a PD38-03-PR photodiode for the DIAL gas analysis of the atmosphere is shown.

The effect of modafinil on the rat dopamine transporter and dopamine receptors D1-D3 paralleling cognitive enhancement in the radial arm maze

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Yasemin eKarabacak

2015-08-01

Full Text Available A series of drugs have been reported to increase memory performance modulating the dopaminergic system and herein modafinil was tested for its working memory (WM enhancing properties. Reuptake inhibition of dopamine, serotonin (SERT and norepinephrine (NET by modafinil was tested. 60 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups (modafinil-treated 1-5-10 mg/kg body weight, trained and untrained and vehicle treated trained and untrained rats; daily injected intraperitoneally for a period of 10 days and tested in a radial arm maze (RAM, a paradigm for testing spatial WM. Hippocampi were taken six hours following the last day of training and complexes containing the unphosphorylated or phosphorylated dopamine transporter (DAT-CC and pDAT-CC and complexes containing the D1-3 dopamine receptor subunits (D1-D3-CC were determined. Modafinil was binding to the DAT but insignificantly to SERT or NET and dopamine reuptake was blocked specifically (IC50=11.11; SERT 1547; NET 182. From day 8 (day 9 for 1 mg/kg body weight modafinil was decreasing WM errors in the RAM significantly and remarkably at all doses tested as compared to the vehicle controls. WMEs were linked to the D2R-CC and the pDAT-CC. pDAT and D1-D3-CC levels were modulated significantly and modafinil was shown to enhance spatial WM in the rat in a well-documented paradigm at all the three doses and dopamine reuptake inhibition with subsequent modulation of D1-3-CC is proposed as a possible mechanism of action.

Atenção e presença física: dimensões expressivas e a prática dialógica do cuidado de enfermagem na perspectiva do cliente hospitalizado Atención y presencia física: dimensiones expresivas y práctica dialógica de la atención de enfermería en la perspectiva del cliente hospitalizado Attention and physical presence: expressive dimensions and the dialogical practice of nursing care according to the perpective of the hospitalized client

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Luisa Maria da Silva de Barcelos

2006-02-01

Full Text Available Estudo qualitativo, discutiu a atenção e a presença física como cuidados fundamentais expressos na relação dialógica entre o cliente vivendo com AIDS e a equipe de enfermagem hospitalar, utilizando conceitos de atividades expressivas e cuidado humano, segundo Watson e de diálogo, conforme Freire. Participaram cinco pessoas com vivência de internação, sob acompanhamento ambulatorial num hospital do Rio de Janeiro. Utilizou-se a triangulação de técnicas: almanaque, entrevista semi-estruturada e observação participante. Mostrou a importância da valorização daquilo que é necessário e de interesse do cliente a partir da atenção e da presença física como requisitos indispensáveis no cuidado humano, expressos na experiência dialógica e na participação do cliente em todo o processo de cuidado.Estudio cualitativo, discutió la atención y la presencia física como cuidados fundamentales expresos en la relación dialógica entre el cliente que vive con AIDS y el equipo de enfermería hospitalaria, utilizando conceptos de actividades expresivas y cuidado humano, según Watson y de diálogo,según Freire. Participarón cinco personas con experiencia de hospitalización y bajo acompañamiento ambulatorio, en un hospital de Río de Janeiro. Se utilizó la triangulación de técnicas: almanaque, entrevista semi estructurada y observación participante. Mostró la importancia de la valorización de aquello que es necesario y de interés para el cliente a partir de la atención y de la presencia física como requisitos indispensables en el cuidado humano, expresos en la experiencia dialógica y en la participación del cliente en todo el proceso del cuidado.Qualitative study, discusses the attention and the physical presence as the fundamental care in the dialogical relation between the client living with AIDS and the hospital nursing, using concepts of expressive activities and human care, according to Watson and dialogue

Standard practice for torque calibration of testing machines and devices

CERN Document Server

American Society for Testing and Materials. Philadelphia

2009-01-01

1.1 This practice covers procedures and requirements for the calibration of torque for static and quasi-static torque capable testing machines or devices. These may, or may not, have torque indicating systems and include those devices used for the calibration of hand torque tools. Testing machines may be calibrated by one of the three following methods or combination thereof: 1.1.1 Use of standard weights and lever arms. 1.1.2 Use of elastic torque measuring devices. 1.1.3 Use of elastic force measuring devices and lever arms. 1.1.4 Any of the methods require a specific uncertainty of measurement and a traceability derived from national standards of mass and length. 1.2 The procedures of 1.1.1, 1.1.2, and 1.1.3 apply to the calibration of the torque-indicating systems associated with the testing machine, such as a scale, dial, marked or unmarked recorder chart, digital display, etc. In all cases the buyer/owner/user must designate the torque-indicating system(s) to be calibrated and included in the repor...

Adios al “rebaño desorientado”: la comunicación dialógica de Paulo Freire en la era de la globalización corporativa

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Juha Suoranta

2004-10-01

Full Text Available En este artículo los autores examinan, desde la obra de Paulo Freire, la comunicación en la sociedad actual y proponen constituir una comunicación revolucionaria dialógica como una fuerza necesaria contra el imperialismo y para el humanismo. Esta propuesta se realiza en un contexto imperial mundial, donde la mayoría de los medios de comunicación favorecen la guerra permanente y la acumulación de capital. Evalúan los medios alternativos en América Latina y los movimientos sociales para dar a conocer nuevos métodos de comunicación en el espíritu de Paulo Freire e imaginar un público más allá del “rebaño desorientado”.

Methylphenidate and cocaine have a similar in vivo potency to block dopamine transporters in the human brain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volkow, N.D.

1999-01-01

The reinforcing effects of cocaine and methylphenidate have been linked to their ability to block dopamine transporters (DAT). Though cocaine and methylphenidate have similar in vitro affinities for DAT the abuse of methylphenidate in humans is substantially lower than of cocaine. To test if differences in in vivo potency at the DAT between these two drugs could account for the differences in their abuse liability the authors compared the levels of DAT occupancies that they had previously reported separately for intravenous methylphenidate in controls and for intravenous cocaine in cocaine abusers. DAT occupancies were measured with Positron Emission Tomography using [ 11 C]cocaine, as a DAT ligand, in 8 normal controls for the methylphenidate study and in 17 active cocaine abusers for the cocaine study. The ratio of the distribution volume of [ 11 C]cocaine in striatum to that in cerebellum, which corresponds to Bmax/Kd+1, was used as measure of DAT availability. Parallel measures were obtained to assess the cardiovascular effects of these two drugs. Methylphenidate and cocaine produced comparable dose-dependent blockage of DAT with an estimated ED 50 for methylphenidate of 0.07 mg/kg and for cocaine of 0.13 mg/kg. Both drugs induced similar increases in heart rate and blood pressure but the duration of the effects were significantly longer for methylphenidate than for cocaine

Research on the improvement of traditional dial instrument precision based on C8051F020.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Guiling; Liu, Yi; Lu, Li

2006-11-01

Two essential parameters to weigh the quality of a reinforcing steel bar are the value of its bending force and the maximum pull it can withstand, in order to measure them with higher precision, it is significant to describe the changing tendency of force with time and displacement by drawing a real-time curve directly during the process examining the quality of a bar when the pull exerted is variable continuously. Using C8051F020 as the core component, this paper improves traditional dial instruments whose precision can only reach the second level. Adopting a high precision pulling/pressing force sensor, an amplifier, a two-order Butterworth low-pass filter and a 12-bit AD converter which is in the C8051F020, the first level of precision can be obtained. A rotary encoder is used to measure the length increment of the bar during the pulling process, based on an algorithm, a force-displacement (or time) curve which is quite important for operators to control the course of experiment can be displayed on the LCD. Meanwhile, real-time experimental data can be stored in local flash, or uploaded to PC by RS-485 and stored in the center database. A real-time clock is also adopted to mark the time of each experiment that is useful to index the data. The measure system we describe here is characterized by simple structure, high precision and stabilization, and convenience operation, can be used in other actual measure systems by only changing the front sensor, so it is of great value of application and popularization.

Selective Attention in Early Dementia of Alzheimer Type

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Fernandez-Duque, Diego; Black, Sandra E.

2008-01-01

This study explored possible deficits in selective attention brought about by Dementia of Alzheimer Type (DAT). In three experiments, we tested patients with early DAT, healthy elderly, and young adults under low memory demands to assess perceptual filtering, conflict resolution, and set switching abilities. We found no evidence of impaired…

La justicia social y la Utopía dialética: Discutiendo con Harvey sobre espacio público

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Márcio Valença

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo explora la idea de justicia social y, teniendo en cuenta el papel del espacio público, el pensamiento utópico de David Harvey sobre el futuro de las ciudades. Este conocido geógrafo Inglés, que vive en EE.UU., dedica su vida a construir una teoría del desarrollo geográfico desigual que objetiva elaborar propuestas alternativas que empiecen un proceso continuo de cambios progresistas en la búsqueda de una sociedad más justa. El artículo analiza varios de sus escritos y construcciones teóricas, incluyendo a las que se refieren a la “justicia distributiva territorial” y el “utopianismo dialéctico”, como también las versiones modificadas del “derecho a la ciudad”, de Henri Lefebvre, y de “cosmopolitismo subalterno”, de Boaventura de Souza Santos. Harvey piensa que es fundamental que toda la infraestructura física y el aparato institucional producidos por la sociedad burguesa en los últimos 500 años sean sustituidos por otros sistemas que den origen a un espacio y lugar relacional alternativo, construido a partir de una “reflexión filosófica”, una “evaluación de requerimientos prácticos y de necesidades humanas básicas” y del “fermento de los movimientos sociales”.

Teoria dos Modos de Saber e Educação Dialógica em Cursos de Formação de Professores a Distância: conduta dos tutores nas atividades de estudo Fórum

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Elena Maria Mallmann

2016-10-01

O objetivo é compreender como as condutas dos tutores, em atividades a distância, potencializam diálogo-problematizador e produção colaborativa em torno dos conteúdos curriculares. Problematizamos as condutas dos tutores nas atividades de estudo Fórum no ambiente virtual de um curso de formação de professores a distância da UAB/UFSM. Segundo pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da pesquisa-ação, a abordagem de procedimentos contou com aplicação de questionários tipo survey, observação participante e exploração da documentação do curso. A análise foi categorizada pelas condutas conectada e separada fundamentadas na teoria dos modos de saber e educação dialógica. Os resultados indicam que condutas conectada e separada dos tutores, nas atividades de estudo Fórum em ambientes virtuais, promovem diálogo-problematizador e produção colaborativa desde que os mesmos desenvolvam fluência nos conteúdos, no modelo pedagógico e nas tecnologias em rede. As conclusões pontuam que os princípios da teoria dos modos de saber na interface com a educação dialógica são basilares para potencializar a problematização conceitual e a produção colaborativa em torno dos conteúdos curriculares na educação a distância.

A Comparison of Alzheimer\\'s Patients and Healthy Elders in Relationship between Components of Working Memory and Sentence Comprehension

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Raziyeh A'lemi

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between working memory and sentence comprehension. Patients with Dementia of the Alzheimer´s type (DAT and matched older volunteers were tested on a battery of working memory tests, as well as on test of sentence comprehension. Materials & Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Statistical population included all patients with Alzheimer disease who were registered in the center of Alzheimer (Imam Ali in Tehran.10 patients randomly were selected among them, according to inclusive and exclusive criteria. For data collection, epidemiological information questionnaire, Mental Mini State Examination (MMSE, working memory tests and sentence comprehension were applied. Data were analyzed by Independent T-test and correlation analyses. Results: Patients had impaired central executive processes in working memory (P=0.006, but showed normal effects of phonological and articulatory variables on span (P=0.480. On the sentence comprehension tasks (simple and complicated sentences, DAT patients showed significant differences with their peers (simple s. P=0.001, complicated s. P=0.004. Impairment in the central executive processes of working memory in DAT patients was correlated with the complicated sentences on the sentence comprehension tasks. Conclusion: The results suggest that patients with DAT have working memory impairments that are related to their ability to map the meaning on sentences on to depictions of events in the world.

Dopamine transporter density by [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 SPECT and neurocognitive performance - a preliminary pilot study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shih, Ming C; Amaro, Edson Jr; Souza, Sayuri de E

2006-01-01

Introduction: Cognitive deficits are associated with functional impairment as well as with poor quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). The main brain alteration in PD is a progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons. Both animal and human studies have demonstrated that basal ganglia dopamine system is important for cognitive and motor functioning. Dopamine transporter (DAT) PET and SPECT radiotracers have been successfully used to estimate, in vivo, dopamine neuronal loss in humans. Objectives: The present study is aimed to examine the relationship between cognitive impairment and striatal dopamine neuronal loss, as estimated by [ 99m Tc]-TRODAT-1 SPECT in PD patients. Methods: Fifteen PD patients were scanned with [ 99m Tc]-TRODAT-1 SPECT (Dual-Head-SPECT Hwakeye, GE). SPECT images were reconstructed with FBP and Butterworth filter 0,40c/px order 10. Regions of interest (ROIs) were striatum (STR) and occipital lobe (BKG nonspecific binding) and were delineated in 3-mm transaxials slices analyzed according to this formula BP=([STR-BKG]/BKG), where BP is the striatal DAT binding potential. Neurocognitive tests, including the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Ravens Progressive Matrices, Digit Span and Tavis 3, were applied to all subjects by trained neuropsychologists. Results: Striatal DAT binding potential (BP) was negatively correlated with the RAVLT tests 4 (R= 0.57, p≤0.05) and 5 (R=0.57, p≤0.05), which evaluate verbal learning. Striatal DAT BP was also negatively correlated with the WCST learning item (R=0.54, p≤0.05) and the Tavis 3 items, action error (R=0.52, p≤0.05) and number of correct responses (R=0.47, p≤0.05). Conclusions: Although preliminary, the present findings suggest that striatal DAT loss is associated with a poorer performance on verbal learning and cognitive flexibility tasks. These results are in line with a previous study that examined healthy volunteers and found a relationship between

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Habitable zones around main-sequence stars (Kopparapu+, 2014)

Science.gov (United States)

Kopparapu, R. K.; Ramirez, R. M.; Schottelkotte, J.; Kasting, J. F.; Domagal-Goldman, S.; Eymet, V.

2017-08-01

Language: Fortran 90 Code tested under the following compilers/operating systems: ifort/CentOS linux Description of input data: No input necessary. Description of output data: Output files: HZs.dat, HZ_coefficients.dat System requirements: No major system requirement. Fortran compiler necessary. Calls to external routines: None. Additional comments: None (1 data file).

Número de anos em tratamento dialítico crônico e risco de morte em pacientes com e sem diabetes melito Number of years on chronic dialysis and the mortality risk in patients with and without diabetes mellitus

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Antonio Alberto Lopes

2003-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar se, no Brasil, o número de anos em tratamento dialítico dos pacientes portadores de estágio final de doença renal (EFDR, com e sem diabetes melito, está relacionado com o risco de morte. MÉTODOS: Análise de dados do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil de 25.952 pacientes com idade superior a 18 anos, portadores de EFDR, que estavam em tratamento dialítico em abril de 1997. Foram registrados os casos de óbito que ocorreram entre abril de 1997 e julho de 2000. Modelos de Cox foram utilizados para estimar o risco relativo (RR da associação entre número de anos em tratamento dialítico e risco de morte. RESULTADOS: O risco de morte foi significantemente menor nos pacientes que estavam em diálise entre 3 e OBJECTIVE: To assess whether, in Brazil, the number of years on dialysis treatment in end-stage renal disease (ESRD patients, with and without diabetes mellitus, relates to mortality risk. METHODS: Analysis of data from the Ministry of Health of Brazil of 25.952 patients older than 18 years who were on dialytic treatment in April 1997. Death cases that occurred from April 1997 to July 2000 were recorded. Cox models were used to estimate the relative risk (RR of the association between years on dialysis and mortality risk. RESULTS: The mortality risk was significantly lower in patients on dialysis between 3 and <10 years as compared with 1 to <2 years (RR between 0.78 and 0.88. With adjustments for age and diabetes the effect of years on dialysis was reduced. In diabetics (n=2.952 the adjusted mortality risk showed a trend to decrease with more years on dialysis. CONCLUSIONS: In Brazil, the mortality risk for ESRD patients decreases with the increasing number of years on dialysis up to approximately 10 years. This finding can be partially explained by the lower mean age and prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with more years on dialysis treatment. The effect of years on dialysis on the mortality risk seems to be

Persistência do herbicida sulfentrazone em solo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar Persistence of the herbicida sulfentrazone in soil cultivated with sugarcane

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Flávio Martins Garcia Blanco

2010-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o comportamento do herbicida sulfentrazone em solo franco-argilo-arenoso cultivado com cana-de-açúcar. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições e três tratamentos de sulfentrazone (0,0; 0,6 e 1,2 kg ha-1, aplicado como pré-emergente. Foram coletadas periodicamente amostras de solo (0-10 cm, em 23 épocas entre 0 e 704 dias após o tratamento (DAT. O comportamento do herbicida sulfentrazone foi avaliado por bioensaios usando a beterraba como planta-teste, sendo determinada que para a menor dose (0,6 kg ha-1, o herbicida persistiu até 601 DAT. Para a dose de 1,2 kg ha-1, até o fim do ensaio aos 704 DAT, o herbicida ainda persistia. A persistência do herbicida sulfentrazone no solo é longa e proporcional à dose aplicada.The objective here was to determine the behavior of sulfentrazone in sandy clay soil cultivated with sugar cane. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications and three treatments of sulfentrazone (0.0, 0.6 and 1.2 kg ha-1, applied as pre-emergent. Samples of soil (0-10 cm, were regularly collected at 23 times between 0 and 704 days after treatment (DAT. The behavior of sulfentrazone was evaluated by bioassays using sugar beet as test plant, and analysis indicated that for the lower dose (0.6 kg ha-1, the herbicide persisted until 601 DAT. At the end of the test, 704 DAT, the herbicide still persisted for the dose of 1.2 kg ha-1. The persistence of sulfentrazone in soil is long and proportional to applied dose.

Standard practices for verification of displacement measuring systems and devices used in material testing machines

CERN Document Server

American Society for Testing and Materials. Philadelphia

2005-01-01

1.1 These practices cover procedures and requirements for the calibration and verification of displacement measuring systems by means of standard calibration devices for static and quasi-static testing machines. This practice is not intended to be complete purchase specifications for testing machines or displacement measuring systems. Displacement measuring systems are not intended to be used for the determination of strain. See Practice E83. 1.2 These procedures apply to the verification of the displacement measuring systems associated with the testing machine, such as a scale, dial, marked or unmarked recorder chart, digital display, etc. In all cases the buyer/owner/user must designate the displacement-measuring system(s) to be verified. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems m...

The relationship among physical activity, motor competence and health-related fitness in 14-year-old adolescents.

Science.gov (United States)

Hands, B; Larkin, D; Parker, H; Straker, L; Perry, M

2009-10-01

Physical activity, physical fitness and motor competence are important health-related constructs. However, the relationship among them, particularly for children and adolescents, is still unclear. In this study, motor competence (measured by the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development), pedometer-determined physical activity and physical fitness (aerobic fitness, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility and body composition) were examined in a cohort of 1585 adolescents (771 girls, 814 boys) of mean age 14.06 years. Significant gender differences were observed for all measures except motor competence. Apart from hip and shoulder flexibility, males outperformed females. For both males and females, motor competence was associated with all fitness measures, physical activity was associated only with aerobic fitness and aerobic fitness was associated with physical activity, motor competence, BMI and chest pass. Among males, aerobic fitness was also associated with all other fitness tests. The correlations were, in general, moderate to weak. The results challenge the current focus on physical activity rather than physical fitness as the preferred intervention.

Constituição e desenvolvimento do self dialógico e da relação triádica

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Maria C. D. P. Lyra

Full Text Available Resumo: Ressaltamos a importância do estudo da gênese do self dialógico. Propomos que esse self emerge e se desenvolve no processo de comunicação em face do Outro. Tendo como foco a história da díade mãe-bebê nos primeiros oito meses de vida do bebê, sugerimos que tanto os padrões de organização do diálogo - atingindo a forma abreviada do diálogo - como a análise das posições que assume a fala da mãe denotam um processo de diferenciação do bebê como parceiro nesse diálogo. Também, o despontar do bebê como agente e sua subjetividade emergem respaldados no desenrolar da historia construída pela díade. Essa historicidade, possível de ser construída através de uma emergente capacidade do bebê de distanciamento e, portanto, capaz de abstrair as ações do contexto imediato no qual ocorrem, se constitui como um terceiro polo do diálogo, formando, então, uma relação triádica.

Pregnenolone rescues schizophrenia-like behavior in dopamine transporter knockout mice.

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Peiyan Wong

Full Text Available Pregnenolone belongs to a class of endogenous neurosteroids in the central nervous system (CNS, which has been suggested to enhance cognitive functions through GABA(A receptor signaling by its metabolites. It has been shown that the level of pregnenolone is altered in certain brain areas of schizophrenic patients, and clozapine enhances pregnenolone in the CNS in rats, suggesting that pregnenolone could be used to treat certain symptoms of schizophrenia. In addition, early phase proof-of-concept clinical trials have indicated that pregnenolone is effective in reducing the negative symptoms and cognitive deficits of schizophrenia patients. Here, we evaluate the actions of pregnenolone on a mouse model for schizophrenia, the dopamine transporter knockout mouse (DAT KO. DAT KO mice mirror certain symptoms evident in patients with schizophrenia, such as the psychomotor agitation, stereotypy, deficits of prepulse inhibition and cognitive impairments. Following acute treatment, pregnenolone was found to reduce the hyperlocomotion, stereotypic bouts and pre-pulse inhibition (PPI deficits in DAT KO mice in a dose-dependent manner. At 60 mg/kg of pregnenolone, there were no significant differences in locomotor activities and stereotypy between wild-type and DAT KO mice. Similarly, acute treatment of 60 mg/kg of pregnenolone fully rescued PPI deficits of DAT KO mice. Following chronic treatment with pregnenolone at 60 mg/kg, the cognitive deficits of DAT KO mice were rescued in the paradigms of novel object recognition test and social transmission of food preference test. Pregnenolone thus holds promise as a therapeutic candidate in schizophrenia.

The Distraction in Action Tool©: Feasibility and Usability in Clinical Settings.

Science.gov (United States)

Hanrahan, Kirsten; Kleiber, Charmaine; Miller, Ben J; Davis, Heather; McCarthy, Ann Marie

2017-11-10

Distraction is a relatively simple, evidence-based intervention to minimize child distress during medical procedures. Timely on-site interventions that instruct parents on distraction coaching are needed. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and usability of the Distraction in Action Tool© (DAT©), which 1) predicts child risk for distress with a needle stick and 2) provides individualized instructions for parents on how to be a distraction coach for their child in clinical settings. A mixed-methods descriptive design was used to test feasibility and usability of DAT in the Emergency Department and a Phlebotomy Lab at a large Midwest Academic Medical Center. Twenty parents of children ages 4-10years requiring venipuncture and clinicians performing 13 of those procedures participated. Participants completed an evaluation and participated in a brief interview. The average age of the children was 6.8years, and 80% of parent participants were mothers. Most parents reported the DAT was not difficult to use (84.2%), understandable (100%), and they had a positive experience (89.5%). Clinicians thought DAT was helpful (100%) and did not cause a meaningful delay in workflow (92%). DAT can be used by parents and clinicians to assess their children's risk for procedure related distress and learn distraction techniques to help their children during needle stick procedures. DAT for parents is being disseminated via social media and an open-access website. Further research is needed to disseminate and implement DAT in community healthcare settings. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Artefactos dialógicos: una propuesta para integrar la educación de artes musicales y visuales

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Mario Arenas Navarrete

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este ensayo es realizar una propuesta para crear unidades de integración de artes musicales y visuales a través de la participación de estudiantes desde 12 a 17 años de edad, aproximadamente, en la creación de "Artefactos Dialógicos", es decir, esculturas sonoras cinéticas e interactivas. La particularidad de estas instalaciones-esculturas es que establecen y explicitan diversos tipos de diálogos con la naturaleza. Corresponden a la cristalización de un proceso iniciado el año 1986 en el Departamento de Música de la Universidad de La Serena, Chile, caracterizado por la defensa de la transversalidad disciplinar, en oposición al especialismo. Han participado estudiantes universitarios y niños de su Escuela Experimental de Música; profesores, artistas visuales, compositores e investigadores. La pretensión de que estudiantes construyan estos artefactos, conlleva cumplir como requisito, su empoderamiento, el desarrollo de su capacidad de agencia y creatividad, para que, en colaboración con profesores de diferentes asignaturas artísticas, científicas y humanísticas, incluyan en la mirada estética, la configuración material y estructural de estos aparatos, integrando, así, racionalismo y expresividad. Todo ello, visualizado a través del filtro epistémico que otorga la educación intercultural, de tal modo de atrapar y proyectar ancestros, gestos, modos, iconografías,2 idiolectos,3 identidades y patrimonio.

Análisis dialélico de algunos caracteres cuantitativos en pimentón (Capsicum annuum L.

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Echeverri A. Alvaro

1999-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó el estudio genético del carácter rendimiento y sus componentes primarios número de frutos y tamaño del fruto (peso fruto, peso del lóculo, largo y ancho del fruto y días a floración, empleando la metodología propuesta por Hayman (1954a, 1954b. Para el efecto se empleó un diseño dialélico para el cruzamiento de 10 x 10 cultivares de pimentón (LPUNA L, Yolo Wonder, Keystone Resistant Giant, Pimentao Amarelo, Morviones, Avelar, California Wonder, Roque 8-B, Red Pepper, y L-363-46-672, Sin considerar los reciprocas. No se detectó presencia de epistasis, excepto para la variable rendimiento, y los datos experimentales se ajustaron al modelo aditivo­ domillante. La dominancia fue muy importante en la expresión del rendimiento por planta y días a floración, y poco importante para número de frutos por planta, peso promedio de fruto y ancho de fruto. Pudo observarse sobredominancia para días a floración. Los estimativos de los coeficientes de heredabilidad en sentido estricto (h. para los caracteres rendimiento por planta, número de frutos por planta, peso promedio del fruto, peso promedio del lóculo, longitud del fruto, ancho del fruto, y días a floración, fueron 0.681,0.802, 0.772, 0.734,0.666 Y 0.587, respectivamente.

Serotonin/dopamine interactions in a hyperactive mouse: reduced serotonin receptor 1B activity reverses effects of dopamine transporter knockout.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Frank Scott Hall

Full Text Available Knockout (KO mice that lack the dopamine transporter (SL6A3; DAT display increased locomotion that can be attenuated, under some circumstances, by administration of drugs that normally produce psychostimulant-like effects, such as amphetamine and methylphenidate. These results have led to suggestions that DAT KO mice may model features of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD and that these drugs may act upon serotonin (5-HT systems to produce these unusual locomotor decreasing effects. Evidence from patterns of brain expression and initial pharmacologic studies led us to use genetic and pharmacologic approaches to examine the influence of altered 5-HT1B receptor activity on hyperactivity in DAT KO mice. Heterozygous 5-HT1B KO and pharmacologic 5-HT1B antagonism both attenuated locomotor hyperactivity in DAT KO mice. Furthermore, DAT KO mice with reduced, but not eliminated, 5-HT1B receptor expression regained cocaine-stimulated locomotion, which was absent in DAT KO mice with normal levels of 5-HT1B receptor expression. Further experiments demonstrated that the degree of habituation to the testing apparatus determined whether cocaine had no effect on locomotion in DAT KO or reduced locomotion, helping to resolve differences among prior reports. These findings of complementation of the locomotor effects of DAT KO by reducing 5-HT1B receptor activity underscore roles for interactions between specific 5-HT receptors and dopamine (DA systems in basal and cocaine-stimulated locomotion and support evaluation of 5-HT1B antagonists as potential, non-stimulant ADHD therapeutics.

Over-pressure test on BARCOM pre-stressed concrete containment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Parmar, R.M.; Singh, Tarvinder; Thangamani, I.; Trivedi, Neha; Singh, Ram Kumar, E-mail: rksingh@barc.gov.in

2014-04-01

Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay has organized an International Round Robin Analysis program to carry out the ultimate load capacity assessment of BARC Containment (BARCOM) test model. The test model located in BARC facilities Tarapur; is a 1:4 scale representation of 540 MWe Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) pre-stressed concrete inner containment structure of Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS) unit 3 and 4. There are a large number of sensors installed in BARCOM that include vibratory wire strain gauges of embedded and spot-welded type, surface mounted electrical resistance strain gauges, dial gauges, earth pressure cells, tilt meters and high resolution digital camera systems for structural response, crack monitoring and fracture parameter measurement to evaluate the local and global behavior of the containment test model. The model has been tested pneumatically during the low pressure tests (LPTs) followed by proof test (PT) and integrated leakage rate test (ILRT) during commissioning. Further the over pressure test (OPT) has been carried out to establish the failure mode of BARCOM Test-Model. The over-pressure test will be completed shortly to reach the functional failure of the test model. Pre-test evaluation of BARCOM was carried out with the results obtained from the registered international round robin participants in January 2009 followed by the post-test assessment in February 2011. The test results along with the various failure modes related to the structural members – concrete, rebars and tendons identified in terms of prescribed milestones are presented in this paper along with the comparison of the pre-test predictions submitted by the registered participants of the Round Robin Analysis for BARCOM test model.

O encadeamento argumentativo como doador de sentido na análise dialógica do discurso e na semântica argumentativa

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Telisa Furlanetto Graeff

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho tem por objetivo comparar a construção dos sentidos dos enunciados com base em ideias de Discourse in Life and Discourse in Art de Voloshinov (2012, e na teoria da Argumentação na Língua de Ducrot e Anscombre (1983, mais especificamente, na sua versão técnica atual – a Teoria dos Blocos Semânticos – proposta por Carel (1995 e desenvolvida hoje juntamente com Ducrot. Trata-se, na análise dialógica, de buscar a senha necessária para a compreensão do enunciado e, na análise argumentativa, de seguir a orientação argumentativa das entidades linguísticas, que indicam continuações possíveis, interditando outras. Nos dois casos, o enunciado pode ser respondido, quando constitui um encadeamento argumentativo, comparado por Voloshinov a um entimema cuja premissa principal foi explicitada, e entendido por Ducrot e Carel como dois predicados unidos por donc ou por pourtant, entre os quais se estabelece uma interdependência semântica que cria um sentido único, representação discursiva da realidade.

O papel da mídia sergipana nas estratégias de agendamento na mobilização da dialética global-local a partir de uma situação concreta: as Olimpíadas/2012

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Cristiano Mezzaroba

2015-05-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8042.2015v27n44p64 Com os megaeventos esportivos acontecendo no Brasil (Jogos Pan-americanos 2007; Copa das Confederações 2013; Copa do Mundo 2014 e Olimpíadas/Paraolimpíadas 2016, visualizamos um período profícuo e instigador para pesquisas em torno deste objeto, concentrando nosso olhar para as Olimpíadas de Londres/2012. A exaltação do fenômeno esportivo trouxe, nesta pesquisa, as diversas faces que a mídia pode apresentar-se e associar-se (no tocante à economia, cultura, política, educação etc.. Nosso objetivo foi analisar como a mídia no estado de Sergipe antecipou e deu visibilidade às Olimpíadas/2012, construindo um “agendamento midiático-esportivo”, a partir da estratégia da mobilização da dialética global-local. De cunho qualitativo e de caráter descritivo-exploratório, a pesquisa desenvolveu-se em três eixos: mídia impressa, digital e televisiva – que permitiram evidenciar a baixa efetivação da estratégia de agendamento e da dialética global-local, seja em virtude do amadorismo das entidades jornalísticas, seja, principalmente, pela ausência de interesse, pois, não havia atletas sergipanos na competição.

Una estrategia didáctica para la formación de educadores de salud en Brasil: la indagación dialógica problematizadora

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Ana Lía De Longhi

2014-12-01

Full Text Available El trabajo presenta una propuesta didáctica para la formación docente de profesionales del área de la salud denominada “Indagación Dialógica Problematizadora” (IDP y probada en el espacio curricular “Formación didáctico-pedagógica en salud” del Centro de Desarrollo de la Enseñanza Superior en Salud (CEDESS, Universidad Federal de San Pablo. La misma se diseñó en el marco de un proyecto binacional entre Brasil y Argentina, y se desarrolló en formato presencial y virtual. La implementación de IDP permitió generar una dinámica comunicacional coherente con el posicionamiento constructivista y posibilitar un cambio en las formas comunicativas del docente y de los alumnos, guiadas desde la problematización de situaciones cercanas a las experiencias de los mismos. La implementación de esta innovación educativa fue coherente con los cambios curriculares derivados de las actuales políticas de salud para Brasil.

Field Test of Driven Pile Group under Lateral Loading

Science.gov (United States)

Gorska, Karolina; Rybak, Jaroslaw; Wyjadlowski, Marek

2017-12-01

All the geotechnical works need to be tested because the diversity of soil parameters is much higher than in other fields of construction. Horizontal load tests are necessary to determine the lateral capacity of driven piles subject to lateral load. Various load tests were carried out altogether on the test field in Kutno (Poland). While selecting the piles for load tests, different load combinations were taken into account. The piles with diverse length were chosen, on the basis of the previous tests of their length and integrity. The subsoil around the piles consisted of mineral soils: clays and medium compacted sands with the density index ID>0.50. The pile heads were free. The points of support of the “base” to which the dial gauges (displacement sensors) were fastened were located at the distance of 0.7 m from the side surface of the pile loaded laterally. In order to assure the independence of measurement, additional control (verifying) geodetic survey of the displacement of the piles subject to the load tests was carried out (by means of the alignment method). The trial load was imposed in stages by means of a hydraulic jack. The oil pressure in the actuator was corrected by means of a manual pump in order to ensure the constant value of the load in the on-going process of the displacement of the pile under test. On the basis of the obtained results it is possible to verify the numerical simulations of the behaviour of piles loaded by a lateral force.

Problematika zálohování a uchovávání dat v malých a středních podnicích

OpenAIRE

Hrach, Vlastimil

2009-01-01

Tato bakalářská práce upozorňuje na hojně opomíjenou důležitost firemních dat a jejich ochranu. Seznamuje s procesem zálohování jako základním prvkem bezpečnosti a efektivnosti informačního systému. Prezentuje výsledky mezinárodních studií na téma „Cena ztracených dat“, popisuje technologie diskových polí RAID, obecnou topologii LAN sítí a technologie DAS, NAS a SAN. Součástí práce jsou základní i pokročilé metody zálohování vhodné pro malé a střední podniky, v závislosti na jejich potřebě a ...

Las colecciones patrimoniales en las bibliotecas españolas: dialéctica entre legislación y prácticas

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Varela-Orol, Concha

2014-09-01

Full Text Available This work analyses legislation regarding bibliographic heritage both from the national government and Spain’s Autonomous Communities, with the intention of identifying the scope and characteristics of holdings addressed in these laws. At the same time, the web sites of public and university libraries are studied regarding a number of practices indicative of the way certain assets are considered to be patrimonial. By establishing this give-and-take between legislation and practice –and their areas of agreement and discordance—this work seeks to reveal how bibliographic heritage content is built.Se analiza la legislación estatal y de las Comunidades Autónomas referida al patrimonio bibliográfico con objeto de identificar el alcance y las características de los fondos que subyacen bajo esta denominación en las normas. De forma paralela se estudian a través de las sedes web una serie de prácticas llevadas adelante por las bibliotecas públicas y universitarias que se consideran indicativas de la patrimonialización de determinados bienes. Al poner en relación legislación y prácticas, a través de consonancias y disonancias, se observa cómo en esta dialéctica se van construyendo los contenidos del patrimonio bibliográfico.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE ON COMPLIANCE TO MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY FOR TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS POTENTIAL USE

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E. G. Starostina

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background: А  specific questionnaire is necessary to perform quantitative assessment of compliance to medical nutrition therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM.Aim: Тo develop a questionnaire to assess how type 2 diabetic patients adhere with the principles of medical nutrition therapy and to identify factors associated with good dietary compliance.Materials and methods: We proposed a questionnaire "Dietary adherence test" (DAT and validated it in 300 inand out-patients with type 2 DM. DAT was validated against the diabetes-related behavior score, diabetes-related knowledge score, and HbA1c level; the internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's alfa was also calculated.Results: Cronbach's alfa for primary raw and standardized data were 0.7444 and 0.7413, respectively, thus meeting the required range of 0.7–0.8. The score on DAT item 1 (the title item and total score (the sum of scores of item 2 to 10 correlated with the diabetes-related behavior score (r=0.21, р=0.0006 and r=0.34, р<0.0001, respectively. Patients with poor dietary compliance (average DAT score≤2 had a significantly lower score on the subscale "Nutrition" of the diabetes knowledge test, than those with good dietary compliance (average DAT score≥2 (44.9±15.6 vs 60.2±16.2, р<0.0001. Patients who perceived their diet as the most burdensome element of life with diabetes, had lower total DAT score (24.1±4.6 than those who did not see their diet as a problem (25.9±5.1, р=0.001. There was a  significant difference in average DAT score between patients on insulin therapy and patients on oral treatment (2.8±0.6 vs 2.9±0.6, respectively, р=0.019. Patients with poor and good dietary adherence, according to DAT, differed in their duration of diabetes, social status and diabetes-related behavior score. There was a  weak correlation between the DAT score and duration of diabetes (r=0.16, р=0.009, and weak inverse correlation between the DAT score and

Searching for a neurobiological basis for self-medication theory in ADHD comorbid with substance use disorders: an in vivo study of dopamine transporters using (99m)Tc-TRODAT-1 SPECT.

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, Neivo; Szobot, Claudia M; Shih, Ming C; Hoexter, Marcelo Q; Anselmi, Carlos Eduardo; Pechansky, Flavio; Bressan, Rodrigo A; Rohde, Luis Augusto

2014-02-01

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders (SUD) frequently co-occur. Although several studies have shown changes in striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) density in these disorders, little is known about the neurobiological basis of the comorbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate striatal DAT density in treatment-naive ADHD adolescents with SUD (ADHD + SUD) and without SUD (ADHD), compared to SUD adolescents without ADHD (SUD) and healthy control subjects (HC). Sixty-two male age-matched subjects diagnosed with DSM-IV criteria were included: ADHD + SUD (n = 18), SUD (n = 14), HC (n = 19), and ADHD (n = 11). Urine tests confirmed participants' drug use. All subjects performed SPECT scans with Tc-TRODAT-1 to evaluate DAT density in the striatum. The mean right striatum specific binding were 1.68 (ADHD), 1.38 (ADHD + SUD), 1.19 (HC), 1.17 (SUD), and in left striatum 1.65 (ADHD), 1.39 (ADHD + SUD), 1.19 (HC), and 1.17 (SUD). The ADHD group presented significantly higher striatal DAT density compared with ADHD + SUD, SUD, and HC groups. Adolescents with ADHD + SUD had significantly lower DAT density than those with ADHD, but significantly higher DAT density than those with SUD only and no significant difference from the healthy control group. The ADHD + SUD group had lower striatal DAT density in comparison with ADHD without SUD. It is possible to speculate that the use of cannabis and cocaine is responsible for the lower striatal DAT density in this group which would help in understanding the neurobiological basis for the self-medication theory in ADHD adolescents.

A indignação dialética: paixão e resistência em Maria Helena Souza Patto

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Conrado Ramos

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho dialoga com a obra de Maria Helena Souza Patto, não com o propósito de datar e reificar uma autora e seu pensamento, mas sim de reavivar seu conteúdo crítico sobre a psicologia numa época em que a mediocrização dos cursos esbarra no mais raso sentido do termo formação. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é sustentar a obra da autora como contracorrente do que se impõe, como resistência ainda possível. Não obstante, analisa-se como o pensamento da autora contribuiu para nos legar uma psicologia absolutamente diferente da que ela própria encontrou. Abordam-se temas estudados em profundidade pela autora, tais como a história da psicologia, o fracasso escolar, a psicologia escolar, a psicologia aplicada à infância, a crítica à psicologia e as relações entre psicologia e política, temas sempre reunidos pela denúncia à ideologia hegemônica e pela indignação diante dos novos movimentos ideológicos que visam manter intactas as condições da dominação. Entende-se que o resultado final permite constelar um pensamento crítico e dialético segundo os métodos de reflexão da própria autora.

No association between striatal dopamine transporter binding and body mass index

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

van de Giessen, Elsmarieke; Hesse, Swen; Caan, Matthan W A

2013-01-01

Dopamine is one among several neurotransmitters that regulate food intake and overeating. Thus, it has been linked to the pathophysiology of obesity and high body mass index (BMI). Striatal dopamine D(2) receptor availability is lower in obesity and there are indications that striatal dopamine...... transporter (DAT) availability is also decreased. In this study, we tested whether BMI and striatal DAT availability are associated....

Regulation of dopamine transporter activity by carboxypeptidase E

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Zhang Heping

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The dopamine transporter (DAT plays a critical role in terminating the action of dopamine by rapid reuptake into the presynaptic neuron. Previous studies have revealed that the DAT carboxyl terminus (DAT-CT can directly interact with other cellular proteins and regulate DAT function and trafficking. Results Here, we have identified that carboxypeptidase E (CPE, a prohormone processing exopeptidase and sorting receptor for the regulated secretory pathway, interacts with the DAT-CT and affects DAT function. Mammalian cell lines coexpressing CPE and DAT exhibited increased DAT-mediated dopamine uptake activity compared to cells expressing DAT alone. Moreover, coexpression of an interfering DAT-CT minigene inhibited the effects of CPE on DAT. Functional changes caused by CPE could be attributed to enhanced DAT expression and subsequent increase in DAT cell surface localization, due to decreased DAT degradation. In addition, CPE association could reduce the phosphorylation state of DAT on serine residues, potentially leading to reduced internalization, thus stabilizing plasmalemmal DAT localization. Conclusion Taken together, our results reveal a novel role for CPE in the regulation of DAT trafficking and DAT-mediated DA uptake, which may provide a novel target in the treatment of dopamine-governed diseases such as drug addiction and obesity.

Lidar technologies for airborne and space-based applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Henson, T.D.; Schmitt, R.L.; Sobering, T.J.; Raymond, T.D.; Stephenson, D.A.

1994-10-01

This study identifies technologies required to extend the capabilities of airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) systems and establish the feasibility of autonomous space-based lidars. Work focused on technologies that enable the development of a lightweight, low power, rugged and autonomous Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) instruments. Applications for airborne or space-based DIAL include the measurement of water vapor profiles in support of climate research and processing-plant emissions signatures for environmental and nonproliferation monitoring. A computer-based lidar performance model was developed to allow trade studies to be performed on various technologies and system configurations. It combines input from the physics (absorption line strengths and locations) of the problem, the system requirements (weight, power, volume, accuracy), and the critical technologies available (detectors, lasers, filters) to produce the best conceptual design. Conceptual designs for an airborne and space-based water vapor DIAL, and a detailed design of a ground-based water vapor DIAL demonstration system were completed. Future work planned includes the final testing, integration, and operation of the demonstration system to prove the capability of the critical enabling technologies identified

Comunicação dialógica na educação superior a distância: a importância do papel do tutor

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Josias Ricardo Hack

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo evidencia la importancia de la comunicación dialógica entre las partes involucradas en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en el contexto de la educación superior a distancia, factor que lleva al tutor a reflexionar sobre el proceso comunicacional adoptado en su práctica docente. Para tal fin, se analizan algunas experiencias y los resultados de la actuación del tutor en un proyecto piloto llevado a cabo en la Licenciatura en Letras Portuguesas en la modalidad de educación a distancia, ofrecida desde 2008 por la Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Bajo la concepción del proyecto, el tutor actúa como mediador entre los profesores, los alumnos y la institución. Cumple el papel de auxiliar en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje para aclarar dudas de contenido, reforzar el aprendizaje, recolectar información sobre los estudiantes y servir de apoyo para mantener y aumentar la motivación de los alumnos.

Comparison of address-based sampling and random-digit dialing methods for recruiting young men as controls in a case-control study of testicular cancer susceptibility.

Science.gov (United States)

Clagett, Bartholt; Nathanson, Katherine L; Ciosek, Stephanie L; McDermoth, Monique; Vaughn, David J; Mitra, Nandita; Weiss, Andrew; Martonik, Rachel; Kanetsky, Peter A

2013-12-01

Random-digit dialing (RDD) using landline telephone numbers is the historical gold standard for control recruitment in population-based epidemiologic research. However, increasing cell-phone usage and diminishing response rates suggest that the effectiveness of RDD in recruiting a random sample of the general population, particularly for younger target populations, is decreasing. In this study, we compared landline RDD with alternative methods of control recruitment, including RDD using cell-phone numbers and address-based sampling (ABS), to recruit primarily white men aged 18-55 years into a study of testicular cancer susceptibility conducted in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, metropolitan area between 2009 and 2012. With few exceptions, eligible and enrolled controls recruited by means of RDD and ABS were similar with regard to characteristics for which data were collected on the screening survey. While we find ABS to be a comparably effective method of recruiting young males compared with landline RDD, we acknowledge the potential impact that selection bias may have had on our results because of poor overall response rates, which ranged from 11.4% for landline RDD to 1.7% for ABS.

Arthrose médiale du genou : évaluations et recommandations cliniques pour les traitements par infiltration, orthèses plantaires et/ou orthèse du genou à l'aide d'analyses quantifiées de la marche

OpenAIRE

Dessery, Yoann

2014-01-01

L’arthrose du genou (gonarthrose) est une des sources d’incapacité physique les plus fréquentes dans le monde. Plusieurs traitements sont disponibles pour réduire la douleur et ralentir l’évolution de la maladie. Cependant, certains de ces traitements manquent encore de documentation ou d’ajustement par rapport aux patients. L’objectif général de cette thèse est d’évaluer l’impact de différents traitements de la gonarthrose médiale sur la vie quotidienne et le patron de marche afin d’aider le...

Dopamine transporter density of the basal ganglia assessed with I-123 IPT SPECT in methamphetamine abusers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Joo Ryung; Ahn, Byeong Cheol; Kewm, Do Hun

2005-01-01

Functional imaging of dopamine transporter (DAT) defines integrity of the dopaminergic system, and DAT is the target site of drugs of abuse such as cocaine and methamphetamine. Functional imaging the DAT may be a sensitive and selective indicator of neurotoxic change by the drug. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the clinical implications of qualitative/quantitative analyses of dopamine transporter imaging in methamphetamine abusers. Six detoxified methamphetamine abusers (abuser group) and 4 volunteers (control group) were enrolled in this study. Brain MRI was performed in all of abuser group. Abuser group underwent psychiatric and depression assessment using brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) and Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD), respectively. All of the subjects underwent I-123 IPT SPECT (IPT SPECT). IPT SPECT image was analysed with visual qualitative method and quantitative method using basal ganglia dopamine transporter (DAT) specific/non-specific binding ratio (SBR). Comparison of DAT SBR between abuser and control groups was performed. We also performed correlation tests between psychiatric and depression assessment results and DAT SBR in abuser group. All of abuser group showed normal MRI finding, but had residual psychiatric and depressive symptoms, and psychiatric and depressive symptom scores were exactly correlated (r=1.0, ρ =0.005) each other. Five of them showed abnormal finding on qualitative visual I-123 IPT SPECT. Abuser group had lower basal ganglia DAT SBR than that of control (2.38 ± 0.20 vs 3.04 ± 0.27, ρ =0.000). Psychiatric and depressive symptoms were negatively well correlated with basal ganglia DAT SBR (r=-0.908, ρ =0.012, r=-0.924, ρ =0.009) This results suggest that dopamine transporter imaging using I-123 IPT SPECT may be used to evaluate dopaminergic system of the basal ganglia and the clinical status in methamphetamine abusers

Dopamine transporter density of the basal ganglia assessed with I-123 IPT SPECT in methamphetamine abusers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Joo Ryung; Ahn, Byeong Cheol [Kyungpook National University Medical School, Daegu (Korea, Republic of); Kewm, Do Hun [National Bugok Mental Hospital, Changryung (Korea, Republic of)] (and others)

2005-10-15

Functional imaging of dopamine transporter (DAT) defines integrity of the dopaminergic system, and DAT is the target site of drugs of abuse such as cocaine and methamphetamine. Functional imaging the DAT may be a sensitive and selective indicator of neurotoxic change by the drug. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the clinical implications of qualitative/quantitative analyses of dopamine transporter imaging in methamphetamine abusers. Six detoxified methamphetamine abusers (abuser group) and 4 volunteers (control group) were enrolled in this study. Brain MRI was performed in all of abuser group. Abuser group underwent psychiatric and depression assessment using brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) and Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD), respectively. All of the subjects underwent I-123 IPT SPECT (IPT SPECT). IPT SPECT image was analysed with visual qualitative method and quantitative method using basal ganglia dopamine transporter (DAT) specific/non-specific binding ratio (SBR). Comparison of DAT SBR between abuser and control groups was performed. We also performed correlation tests between psychiatric and depression assessment results and DAT SBR in abuser group. All of abuser group showed normal MRI finding, but had residual psychiatric and depressive symptoms, and psychiatric and depressive symptom scores were exactly correlated (r=1.0, {rho} =0.005) each other. Five of them showed abnormal finding on qualitative visual I-123 IPT SPECT. Abuser group had lower basal ganglia DAT SBR than that of control (2.38 {+-} 0.20 vs 3.04 {+-} 0.27, {rho} =0.000). Psychiatric and depressive symptoms were negatively well correlated with basal ganglia DAT SBR (r=-0.908, {rho} =0.012, r=-0.924, {rho} =0.009) This results suggest that dopamine transporter imaging using I-123 IPT SPECT may be used to evaluate dopaminergic system of the basal ganglia and the clinical status in methamphetamine abusers.

[Randomised controlled study of inter-hemispheric electroencephalographic coherence following assisted therapy with dolphins in children with autism spectrum disorders].

Science.gov (United States)

Ortiz-Sanchez, P; Mulas, F; Abad-Mas, L; Roca, P; Gandia-Beneto, R

2018-03-01

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with impairments in executive function, language, emotional function, and social function. Its anatomofunctional substrate is related to a disorganization of the brain's functional connections. The aim is to investigate the cerebral connections in subjects with ASD through the analysis of the interhemispheric coherence (IHC) of the quantified electroencephalogram and its changes after dolphin assisted therapy (DAT) versus therapeutical intervention without dolphins (TIWD). The IHC was determined in 44 subjects with ASD before randomly assigning them to two therapeutic groups: DAT (n = 22) and TIWD (n = 22). The results were statistically analyzed through the multi-measure ANOVA test for within-subject (time) and between-subject (DAT vs TIWD) factors. The IHC showed a significant reduction (p central region (C3-C4) (p coherence in the alpha band increased in Fp1-Fp2 (p ASD, DAT increases the IHC in the anterior frontal region and stabilizes the tendency to reduce the delta band in the posterior frontal region.

El compromiso de Eneas. Virtud y democracia radical tras la dialéctica de la Ilustración

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hernández Castro, David

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The aporia resulting from Horkheimer and Adorno’s critique of the Dialectic of Enlightenment has been raised after the hermeneutic turn of the tradition started by Nietzsche and Heidegger. Essentially it proposes a new Western philosophy beginning, starting from the ontological duality established by the presocratics and maintained by Aristotle against the monological reason of Plato’s teachings. Starting from a new point of view on the Nicomachean and Eudemian ethics, the author puts forward a critique of modern views on Aristotle’s virtue theory, including MacIntyre, in order to propose a new approach to connect the practice of virtue to radical democracy.

La aporía de la dialéctica de la Ilustración ha sido replanteada después de Horkheimer y Adorno por el giro hermenéutico de la tradición que nace con Nietzsche y Heidegger, y que básicamente propone un nuevo comienzo de la filosofía occidental volviendo a la raíz de la dualidad ontológica establecida por los presocráticos y sostenida por Aristóteles frente a la razón monológica de la Academia de Platón. A partir de una nueva interpretación de las éticas Eudemia y Nicomaquea, el autor afrontará una crítica de las visiones modernas de la teoría aristotélica de la virtud, incluida la de MacIntyre, para exponer un nuevo enfoque que vincula la práctica de la virtud con la democracia radical.

Tests of heat techniques in households. Analysis of the results of the field tests; Praktijkprestaties van warmtetechnieken bij huishoudens. Analyse resultaten veldtesten

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Jong, A.; Friedel, P.; Overman, P. [Energy Matters, Driebergen (Netherlands)

2012-11-15

The development within conventional techniques and new techniques for the recovery and generation of heat in the house construction industry led to a need for knowledge of efficiencies of those techniques in practice. Therefore a project has been set up to gain insight into the efficiencies. In the field tests, five heat techniques are investigated: high-efficiency boilers, solar water heaters, balanced ventilation systems with heat recovery (also called heat recovery systems) and heat pump water heaters [Dutch] De ontwikkeling binnen conventionele technieken en nieuwe technieken voor de terugwinning en opwekking van warmte in de woningbouw leidden ertoe dat er bij verschillende partijen in de keten een kennisbehoefte is ontstaan naar de rendementen van deze technieken in de praktijk. Daartoe heeft AgentschapNL een project opgezet om meer inzicht te verkrijgen in deze rendementen. In de veldtesten worden vijf warmtechnieken bekeken: HR-ketels, HRe-ketels, zonneboilers, gebalanceerde ventilatiesystemen met warmteterugwinning (verder WTW-systemen genoemd) en warmtepompboilers. Deze worden op minutenbasis bemeten.

Executive dysfunction and its association with personality and behaviour changes in the development of Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome and mild to moderate learning disabilities.

Science.gov (United States)

Ball, Sarah L; Holland, Anthony J; Treppner, Peter; Watson, Peter C; Huppert, Felicia A

2008-03-01

Recent research suggests that preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) in people with Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by changes in personality/behaviour and executive dysfunction that are more prominent than deterioration in episodic memory. This study examines the relationship between executive dysfunction and the clinical and preclinical features of AD in DS. To determine the specificity of this relationship, performance on executive function (EF) measures is contrasted with performance on memory measures. One hundred and three people with DS (mean age 49 years, range 36-72) with mild to moderate learning disabilities (LD) took part. Dementia diagnosis was based on the CAMDEX informant interview conducted with each participant's main carer. Reported changes in personality/behaviour and memory were recorded. Participants completed six EF and six memory measures (two of which also had a strong executive component) and the BPVS (as a measure of general intellectual ability). First, performance was compared between those with and without established dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT), controlling for age and LD severity using ANCOVA. Next, the degree to which informant-reported changes predicted cognitive test performance was examined within the non-DAT group using multiple regression analyses. The DAT group (N=25) showed a consistent pattern of impaired performance relative to the non-DAT group (N=78), across all measures. Within the non-DAT group, number of informant-reported personality/behaviour changes was a significant predictor of performance on two EF and two 'executive memory' tests (but not on episodic memory tests). Informant-reported memory changes, however, were associated with impaired performance on a delayed recall task only. These findings provide further evidence for a specific impairment in frontal-lobe functioning in the preclinical stages of AD in DS. Implications for the assessment, diagnosis, and management of dementia in DS are discussed.

The operator interface for the Mirror Fusion Test Facility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lang, N.C.

1986-12-01

The uncertain and most likely changing nature of a large experimental facility like MFTF, as well as its large number of control and monitor points, ruled against the traditional hardware approach involving walls of knobs, dials, oscilloscopes, and strip chart recorders. Rather, from the beginning, project management specified computer control of all systems, and operation of the complete MFTF under an integrated computer control system became a major engineering goal. The Integrated Controls and Diagnostics (ICADS) group was charged with the design and implementation of this control system. We designed a control system with an extremely flexible operator interface which uses computer generated CRT displays for output and pointing devices such as touch sensitive CRT overlays, mice, and joysticks for input. Construction of MFTF was completed at the end of 1985 within the project budget of $241.6M and was followed immediately by a 5 month long acceptance test. During this period (known as PACE test) operators, engineers, and physicists successfully used our computer control system daily to test MFTF. Much of their willingness to forsake the traditional hands-on hardware approach to testing was a result of the powerful and flexible operator interface to the MFTF control system. In this paper, we describe the operator interface with emphasis on the displays, the touch screens, and the mouse. We also report the experiences of users and, in particular, stress those aspects of the user interface they strongly liked and disliked

Impaired information sampling in mild dementia of Alzheimer's type but not in healthy aging.

Science.gov (United States)

Zamarian, Laura; Benke, Thomas; Brand, Matthias; Djamshidian, Atbin; Delazer, Margarete

2015-05-01

It is unknown whether aging affects predecisional processing, that is, gathering information and evaluating options before making a decision. Here, we investigated information sampling in mild Dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT) and healthy aging by using the Information Sampling Task (IST). In a first investigation, we compared patients with mild DAT (n = 20) with healthy controls (n = 20) on the IST and several neuropsychological background tests. In a second investigation, healthy older adults (n = 30) were compared with younger adults (n = 30) on the IST and executive-function tasks. Results of the first investigation demonstrated that, in the IST, patients gathered significantly less information, made riskier and less accurate decisions, and showed less reward sensitivity relative to controls. We found a significant correlation between performance on the IST and performance on tests of verbal fluency, working memory, and recognition in patients but not in controls. Results of the second investigation indicated a largely similar performance pattern between healthy older adults and younger adults. There were no significant correlations for both groups between the IST and executive-function tasks. There are no relevant changes with healthy aging in predecisional processing. In contrast, mild DAT significantly affects predecisional information sampling. Thus, the problems shown in patients with mild DAT in decision making might be related to the patients' difficulties in predecisional processing. Decision-making performance in mild DAT might be improved by helping the patients at a predecisional stage to gather sufficient information and evaluate options more accurately. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

Cable-Porn and Dial-A-Porn Control Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Criminal Law of the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Senate, Ninety-Ninth Congress, First Session on S. 1090. A Bill to Amend Section 1464 of Title 18, United States Code, Relating to Broadcasting Obscene Language, and for Other Purposes (July 31, 1985).

Science.gov (United States)

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on the Judiciary.

A Senate hearing on the cable porn and dial-a-porn control bill is presented in this document. Opening statements by Senators Jeremiah Denton, Arlen Specter, and Jesse Helms discuss the need for this bill and its content. The text of the bill itself is included. Jack D. Smith, General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)…

VizieR Online Data Catalog: HST photometry of M31 globular clusters (Federici+, 2012)

Science.gov (United States)

Federici, L.; Cacciari, C.; Bellazzini, M.; Fusi Pecci, F.; Galleti, S.; Perina, S.

2013-01-01

Tables g58.dat, g108.dat, g105.dat, g219.dat, b468.dat, g1.dat, g64.dat, g87.dat, g119.dat, g287.dat, g302.dat, g11.dat, g33.dat, g76.dat, g312.dat, g319.dat, g322.dat present the photometry of the individual stars of 17 M31 globular clusters observed with the WFPC2 on board of the HST, employing the F555W/F814W filters (Fusi Pecci et al. 1996AJ....112.1461F (FFP96), Rich et al. 2005AJ....129.2670R (R05)). The data reduction has been performed using ROMAFOT (Buonanno et al. 1983A&A...126..278B), a multicomponent fitting package purposely adapted to handle HST data, that provides as output the magnitudes and the pixel positions of the detected sources. The CTE-corrected photometric data were converted to the Johnson-Cousins V,I magnitudes according to Holtzman et al (1995PASP..107..156H). Table g351.dat presents the photometry of the individual stars of the M31 globular cluster B405-G351 observed with the HST/COSTAR-corrected FOC + the F430W/F480LP filters. The data reduction has been performed using ROMAFOT; the photometric data were converted to the Johnson-Cousins system B,V magnitudes (see FFP96). Tables gc1.dat, gc2.dat, gc3.dat, gc5.dat, gc6.dat, gc7.dat, gc8.dat, gc9.dat, gc10.dat, gc4.dat, ec1.dat, ec2.dat, ec3.dat, ec4.dat present the photometry of the individual stars of 14 M31 globular clusters observed with the WFC/ACS on board of the HST + F435W/F606W filters (see Galleti et al., 2006ApJ...650L.107G; Mackey et al., 2007ApJ...655L..85M; Mackey et al., 2006ApJ...653L.105M). The data reduction has been performed using the ACS module of DOLPHOT, a point spread function-fitting package specifically devoted to the photometry of HST data, that provides as output the magnitudes and the pixel positions of the detected sources, and a number of quality parameters for a suitable sample selection. The tables present, for the ACS chip holding the cluster, all the stars with valid measurements in both passbands, global quality flag=1, crowding parameter 23.5,and noise

Feasibility Study of Multi-Wavelength Differential Absorption LIDAR for CO2 Monitoring

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Chengzhi Xiang

2016-06-01

Full Text Available To obtain a better understanding of carbon cycle and accurate climate prediction models, highly accurate and temporal resolution observation of atmospheric CO2 is necessary. Differential absorption LIDAR (DIAL remote sensing is a promising technology to detect atmospheric CO2. However, the traditional DIAL system is the dual-wavelength DIAL (DW-DIAL, which has strict requirements for wavelength accuracy and stability. Moreover, for on-line and off-line wavelengths, the system’s optical efficiency and the change of atmospheric parameters are assumed to be the same in the DW-DIAL system. This assumption inevitably produces measurement errors, especially under rapid aerosol changes. In this study, a multi-wavelength DIAL (MW-DIAL is proposed to map atmospheric CO2 concentration. The MW-DIAL conducts inversion with one on-line and multiple off-line wavelengths. Multiple concentrations of CO2 are then obtained through difference processing between the single on-line and each of the off-line wavelengths. In addition, the least square method is adopted to optimize inversion results. Consequently, the inversion concentration of CO2 in the MW-DIAL system is found to be the weighted average of the multiple concentrations. Simulation analysis and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the inversion precision of MW-DIAL. For comparison, traditional DW-DIAL simulations were also conducted. Simulation analysis demonstrated that, given the drifting wavelengths of the laser, the detection accuracy of CO2 when using MW-DIAL is higher than that when using DW-DIAL, especially when the drift is large. A laboratory experiment was also performed to verify the simulation analysis.

Evolução clínica de pacientes com insuficiência renal aguda em unidade de terapia intensiva Evolución clínica de pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda en la unidad de cuidados intensivos The clinical outcome of patients with acute renal failure in intensive care unit

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Lucienne Dalla Bernardina

2008-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução clínica de pacientes com insuficiência renal aguda (IRA submetidos a tratamento dialítico e não-dialítico na UTI. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo onde foram incluídos pacientes com idade maior que 18 anos e com creatinina sérica > 1,5 mg/dl. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupo dialítico e não-dialítico. RESULTADOS: Dos 70 pacientes incluídos 19 (27,1% foram do grupo dialítico e 51 (72,9% do grupo não-dialítico. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 42,1% no grupo dialítico e de 33,3% no grupo não-dialítico (pOBJETIVO: Evaluar la evolución clínica de pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda (IRA sometidos a tratamiento dialítico y no-dialítico en la UCI. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio prospectivo donde fueron incluídos pacientes mayores de 18 años y con creatinina sérica > 1,5 mg/dl. Los pacientes fueron divididos en grupo dialítico y no-dialítico. RESULTADOS: De los 70 pacientes incluídos 19 (27,1% fueron del grupo dialítico y 51 (72,9% del grupo no-dialítico. La tasa de mortalidad fue del 42,1% en el grupo dialítico y del 33,3% en el grupo no-dialítico (pOBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical outcome of acute renal failure (ARF patients when submitted to dialysis and non-dialysis treatments in ICU. METHODS: this prospective study included patients over 18 years of age and serum creatinine of >1.5 mg/dl. The patients were included in dialysis and non-dialysis groups. RESULTS: The study included 70 patients, 19 (27.1% comprised the dialysis group and 51 (72.9% the non-dialysis group. In the dialysis group, mortality rate was 42.1% and in the non-dialysis group was 33.3% (p<0.58. CONCLUSION: There were multifactors of ARF in ICU, but ARF is not the single cause for the high mortality rate in ICU patients.

Syntaxin 1A interaction with the dopamine transporter promotes amphetamine-induced dopamine efflux

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Binda, Francesca; Dipace, Concetta; Bowton, Erica

2008-01-01

of the dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) as the site of direct interaction with SYN1A. Amphetamine (AMPH) increases the association of SYN1A with human DAT (hDAT) in a heterologous expression system (hDAT cells) and with native DAT in murine striatal synaptosomes. Immunoprecipitation of DAT from the biotinylated...

Capacidad crítica y relación dialógica en el aprendizaje de la comunicación audiovisual y digital

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Rafael Marfil-Carmona

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Las capacidades crítica y expresiva conforman un mismo proceso en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la comunicación audiovisual y digital. Las corrientes pedagógicas contemporáneas y las opciones tecnológicas son buenos aliados para el impulso de la creatividad en el reconocimiento de inteligencias múltiples (Gardner, 2011, frente a sistemas desfasados de transmisión vertical del conocimiento. Sin embargo, hay que vigilar que esa tendencia práctica no desatienda la faceta reflexiva. Centrándonos en las dimensiones de la competencia en comunicación audiovisual (Ferrés, 2007, la que se refiere a la percepción, audiencia e interacción cobra una especial importancia en nuestros días, en los que resulta más necesaria que nunca la capacidad crítica, que debe seguir siendo un objetivo prioritario de la educomunicación. Este texto destaca la importancia de esa actitud crítica y desmitificadora, proponiendo la consideración de las TIC como medios para desarrollar modelos dialógicos basados en la relación y el aprendizaje colectivo, de forma que pasan a convertirse en TRIC al añadir la “R” del factor relacional (Gabelas, Marta-Lazo y Aranda, 2012.

Dialética do progresso e do domínio da natureza: técnica em Theodor W. Adorno e José Ortega y Gasset

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Jaison José Bassani

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo apresenta resultados de um estudo comparativo sobre aspectos da questão da técnica em obras de Theodor W. Adorno e José Ortega y Gasset, desdobrado em suas relações com o progresso, o domínio da natureza e a cultura de massas. Pretende com isso encontrar o tema da formação e seus impasses, problematizando-o mais uma vez. O cotejamento parte de comentário de Adorno sobre Ortega, segundo o qual este seria um crítico conservador da cultura, para então confrontar teoricamente os temas escolhidos. A análise da técnica em Adorno e em Ortega dá-se a partir da posição que cada um apresenta nos termos da condição humana, extraindo-se daí as consequências analíticas, mas também formativas, de cada autor: uma vinculada à perspectiva de que seria a técnica motor da existência e produção do supérfluo; outra, que a compreende no interior de uma dialética do esclarecimento.

Análise dialélica para avaliação de híbridos interpopulacionais de cajueiro

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CAVALCANTI JOSÉ JAIME VASCONCELOS

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Os objetivos deste trabalho foram obter informações dos componentes de médias de populações de cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale L., por meio de análise dialélica parcial, e verificar o potencial per se de dois grupos distintos de parentais: um, constituído por clones comerciais de cajueiro-anão-precoce (CCP06, CCP76, CCP09 e CCP1001, e o outro, por matrizes de cajueiro comum (CP07, CP12, CP77, CP96 e BTON, e a heterose em suas respectivas combinações híbridas. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os caracteres avaliados foram altura da planta, diâmetro da copa, número da castanhas por planta, produtividade de castanhas, peso médio da castanha, peso médio da amêndoa e relação peso da amêndoa/peso da castanha. Constatou-se que os efeitos de parentais e heterose são importantes componentes das médias das populações em estudo, em relação a todos os caracteres. Entre os componentes heteróticos, a heterose média apresentou-se como o mais expressivo, indicando presença de dominância e considerável divergência genética entre os dois grupos. Apenas em relação aos caracteres número de castanhas e produtividade a capacidade específica de combinação foi significativa. As combinações híbridas CCP76 x CP07, CCP09 x BTON e CCP09 x CP77 são as mais promissoras, sendo indicadas para formação de populações-base para programas de melhoramento do cajueiro.

Educação Infantil: o lugar da Pedagogia e da Educação Física em uma perspectiva Sócio-Histórico-Dialética Infant Eductation: The Place of Pedagogy and of Physical Education in a Social-Historical-Dialectic Perspective

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2006-11-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é realizar um exercício reflexivo sobre as relações entre Pedagogia e Educação Física e suas contribuições para a educação da infância em uma perspectiva sócio-histórico-dialética. Para isso, organizamos os textos em três momentos: o primeiro tem como finalidade resgatar a constituição histórica dos projetos em educação infantil no Brasil; o segundo busca delimitar as proposições fundamentais da perspectiva sóciohistórico-dialética, e, por último, indicamos caminhos a serem percorridos pelas duas áreas de conhecimento em debate, Educação Física e Pedagogia. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação infantil - Pedagogia - Educação The aim of this article is to reflect upon the relations between Pedagogy and Physical Education and their contributions to infant education in a social-historical-dialectic perspective. To achieve this, we have organized this text in three parts: the first one aims at recollecting the historical constitution of projects on infant education in Brazil; the second part aims at defining the scope for thefundamental propositions of this social-historicaldialectic perspective. Lastly, we indicate paths that can be followed by these two fields of knowledge that are discussed here, physical education and pedagogy. KEY WORDS: Infant education - Pedagogy - Physical education.

Heterogeneity of Monosymptomatic Resting Tremor in a Prospective Study: Clinical Features, Electrophysiological Test, and Dopamine Transporter Positron Emission Tomography

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Hua-Guang Zheng

2015-01-01

Conclusions: mRT is heterogeneous in presynaptic nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration, which can be determined by DAT-PET brain imaging. Clinical and electrophysiological features may provide clues to distinguish PD from SWEDDs.

Field evaluation of a fast anti-Leishmania antibody detection assay in Ethiopia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hailu, A.; Schoone, G. J.; Diro, E.; Tesfaye, A.; Techane, Y.; Tefera, T.; Assefa, Y.; Genetu, A.; Kebede, Y.; Kebede, T.; Schallig, H. D. F. H.

2006-01-01

A fast agglutination screening test (FAST) for the detection of Leishmania antibodies in human serum samples was evaluated under harsh field conditions in northern Ethiopia. Test performance was compared with a standard serological test, namely the direct agglutination test (DAT), and with

Rotationally Adaptive Flight Test Surface

Science.gov (United States)

Barrett, Ron

1999-01-01

Research on a new design of flutter exciter vane using adaptive materials was conducted. This novel design is based on all-moving aerodynamic surface technology and consists of a structurally stiff main spar, a series of piezoelectric actuator elements and an aerodynamic shell which is pivoted around the main spar. The work was built upon the current missile-type all-moving surface designs and change them so they are better suited for flutter excitation through the transonic flight regime. The first portion of research will be centered on aerodynamic and structural modeling of the system. USAF DatCom and vortex lattice codes was used to capture the fundamental aerodynamics of the vane. Finite element codes and laminated plate theory and virtual work analyses will be used to structurally model the aerodynamic vane and wing tip. Following the basic modeling, a flutter test vane was designed. Each component within the structure was designed to meet the design loads. After the design loads are met, then the deflections will be maximized and the internal structure will be laid out. In addition to the structure, a basic electrical control network will be designed which will be capable of driving a scaled exciter vane. The third and final stage of main investigation involved the fabrication of a 1/4 scale vane. This scaled vane was used to verify kinematics and structural mechanics theories on all-moving actuation. Following assembly, a series of bench tests was conducted to determine frequency response, electrical characteristics, mechanical and kinematic properties. Test results indicate peak-to-peak deflections of 1.1 deg with a corner frequency of just over 130 Hz.

Further analysis and evaluation of the results of the NATO common shield-DAT#7 experiment: defence against terrorism

Science.gov (United States)

Dill, Stephan; Peichl, Markus; Jirousek, Matthias; Süß, Helmut

2009-09-01

The contactless control of persons and the remote surveillance of sensitive infrastructures are important tasks in order to provide the required security measures to protect the human population against the threads of international terrorism. Passive microwave imaging allows a daytime independent observation and examination of objects and persons under nearly all adverse ambient conditions without artificial exposure, hence fully avoiding health risks. The penetration capability of microwaves provides the detection of objects through atmospheric obstacles like bad weather, fog or dust, vapour and smoke, as well as through thin non-metallic materials and clothing. For the latter the detection of hidden objects like weapons, explosives, and contraband is possible by monitoring dielectric anomalies. The experiment "Common Shield" is part of a perennial investigation series leaded by the "Center for Transformation of the German armed forces (Bundeswehr)". In 2008 the protection of soldiers and facilities was experimentally investigated under the aspect of a networked operational leadership. In this context as well a harbour protection trial was carried out in August/September 2008 at the naval base Eckernfoerde in Germany. This trial was part of the NATO CNADs program of work for "Defence Against Terrorism (DAT)" starting in 2003, and Germany is the lead nation for item 7 on "Technology for Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance & Target Acquisition of Terrorists (ISRTA)". One main activity in the Eckernfoerde trial was the simulation of a military entrance control facility by a tent including various imaging and a chemical sensor suite in order to provide security for a military camp. Besides commercial optical and infrared cameras various passive millimeter-wave imagers have been used from different German research institutions. The DLR Microwaves and Radar Institute, Department for Reconnaissance and Security (HR-AS), provided an imaging radiometer scanner

Cerebral metabolism, anatomy, and cognition in monozygotic twins discordant for dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Science.gov (United States)

Luxenberg, J S; May, C; Haxby, J V; Grady, C; Moore, A; Berg, G; White, B J; Robinette, D; Rapoport, S I

1987-03-01

One pair of monozygotic twins discordant for dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) was studied using neuropsychological testing, quantitative x-ray computed tomography (QCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Cerebral glucose metabolism was measured using positron emission tomography (PET) and 2-[18-F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG). The affected twin had a seven year history of progressive cognitive impairment and was severely demented. Neuropsychological testing of the affected twin demonstrated marked deficits in all areas of cognitive function. The asymptomatic twin showed some impairment on tests of perceptual organisation and delayed recall. The affected twin had loss of gray matter and ventricular enlargement on QCT and MRI compared with healthy controls (p less than 0.05). He also had frontal and parietal lobe hypometabolism and increased asymmetry of metabolism on PET compared to both his twin and healthy age-matched controls (p less than 0.05). PET, QCT, and MRI distinguished changes in the twin with DAT compared with his brother and healthy controls. Although the subtle neuropsychological abnormalities of the asymptomatic twin may be signs of early DAT, they were not accompanied by any changes in regional cerebral metabolism or brain structure.

3DSRT evaluation responses of Alzheimer type dementia to donepezil hydrochloride therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Higashiyama, Shigeaki; Kawabe, Joji; Hashimoto, Hiroshi

2006-01-01

Dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) has been diagnosed objectively by using single photon emission tomography (SPECT). Donepezil hydrochloride (donepezil) is available for the symptomatic treatment of DAT. In a quantitative evaluation of therapeutic response in DAT, to compare with regional cerebral blood flows (rCBF) of various lesions before and after treatment, uptake in some sorts of cerebral regions of interests (ROIs) were used to be measured. But ROI analysis has problems such as poor reproducibility and lack of objectivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the evaluation of therapeutic response by three-dimensional stereotaxic ROI template (3DSRT), fully automated ROI analysis software, which can objectively estimate rCBF. SPECT studies and Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale Japan cognitive Subscale function test ADAS-Jcog, as recognitive function test were performed for 22 patients (16 females, 6 males mean age=73.6 years) who were diagnosed as DAT. On 3DSRT, we compared ratios of the rCBF values of the parietal lobes, temporo-occipital lobes, hippocampus, corpus callosum and the frontal lobes/cerebellar hemispheres before and after medical treatment. To determine a cut-off number of areas exhibiting improved blood flow optimal as an indicator of improvement in cognitive function in response to treatment, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis of number of areas improved blood flow was performed. The number of cases exhibiting changes in cognitive function was greatest when the cut-off number of areas exhibiting improved blood flow was set at 5. The possibility of evaluation of therapeutic response to Donepezil in patients with DAT using 3DSRT was thus demonstrated by our study. (author)

Evaluation of the Dopamine Hypothesis of ADHD with PET Brain Imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Swanson, James

2010-01-01

The Dopamine (DA) Hypothesis of ADHD (Wender, 1971; Levy, 1990) suggests that abnormalities in the synaptic mechanisms of DA transmission may be disrupted, and specific abnormalities in DA receptors and DA transporters (DAT) have been proposed (see Swanson et al, 1998). Early studies with small samples (e.g., n = 6, Dougherty et al, 1999) used single photon emission tomography (SPECT) and the radioligand (123I Altropane) to test a theory that ADHD may be caused by an over expression of DAT and reported 'a 70% increase in age-corrected dopamine transporter density in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder compared with healthy controls' and suggested that treatment with stimulant medication decreased DAT density in ADHD patients and corrected an underlying abnormality (Krause et al, 2000). The potential importance of these findings was noted by Swanson (1999): 'If true, this is a major finding and points the way for new investigations of the primary pharmacological treatment for ADHD (with the stimulant drugs - e.g., methylphenidate), for which the dopamine transporter is the primary site of action. The potential importance of this finding demands special scrutiny'. This has been provided over the past decade using Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Brain imaging studies were conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in a relatively large sample of stimulant-naive adults assessed for DAT (11C cocaine) density and DA receptors (11C raclopride) availability. These studies (Volkow et al, 2007; Volkow et al, 2009) do not confirm the hypothesis of increased DAT density and suggest the opposite (i.e., decreased rather than increased DAT density), and follow-up after treatment (Wang et al, 2010) does not confirm the hypothesis that therapeutic doses of methylphenidate decrease DAT density and suggests the opposite (i.e., increased rather than decreased DAT density). The brain regions implicated by these PET imaging studies also suggest that a

Regulation of dopamine transporter trafficking by intracellular amphetamine

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kahlig, Kristopher M; Lute, Brandon J; Wei, Yuqiang

2006-01-01

-induced cell surface DAT redistribution may result in long-lasting changes in DA homeostasis. The molecular mechanism by which AMPH induces trafficking is not clear. Because AMPH is a substrate, we do not know whether extracellular AMPH stimulates trafficking through its interaction with DAT and subsequent...... alteration in DAT function, thereby triggering intracellular signaling or whether AMPH must be transported and then act intracellularly. In agreement with our previous studies, extracellular AMPH caused cytosolic redistribution of the wild-type human DAT (WT-hDAT). However, AMPH did not induce cytosolic...... redistribution in an uptake-impaired hDAT (Y335A-hDAT) that still binds AMPH. The divalent cation zinc (Zn(2+)) inhibits WT-hDAT activity, but it restores Y335A-hDAT uptake. Coadministration of Zn(2+) and AMPH consistently reduced WT-hDAT trafficking but stimulated cytosolic redistribution of Y335A...

Análise dialélica para tolerância ao vírus-do-nanismo-amarelo-da-cevada em cultivares brasileiras de trigo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barbieri Rosa Lía

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Seis cultivares brasileiras de trigo com diferentes níveis de tolerância ao vírus-do-nanismo-amarelo-da-cevada (VNAC foram cruzadas de modo dialélico para avaliar as capacidades geral e específica de combinação quanto à herança da tolerância. Um isolado do vírus transmitido por Rhopalosiphum padi (L. foi inoculado nas cultivares e nos híbridos F1 no estádio de plântula com duas folhas. Foram atribuídas notas individuais a cada planta de acordo com a severidade de sintomas apresentados. Os dados obtidos foram analisados segundo os três métodos: o de Griffing, o modelo fixo, e método 2. Ficou evidenciada a presença de heterose, provavelmente decorrente do efeito aditivo de genes complementares. As cultivares BR 34 e BR 35 se destacaram com melhores valores de capacidade geral de combinação (CGC, e é recomendado seu uso como genitores em programas de melhoramento de trigo que visem à obtenção de combinações genéticas com tolerância ao VNAC.

Mobile phone radiation induces mode-dependent DNA damage in a mouse spermatocyte-derived cell line: a protective role of melatonin.

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Liu, Chuan; Gao, Peng; Xu, Shang-Cheng; Wang, Yuan; Chen, Chun-Hai; He, Min-Di; Yu, Zheng-Ping; Zhang, Lei; Zhou, Zhou

2013-11-01

To evaluate whether exposure to mobile phone radiation (MPR) can induce DNA damage in male germ cells. A mouse spermatocyte-derived GC-2 cell line was exposed to a commercial mobile phone handset once every 20 min in standby, listen, dialed or dialing modes for 24 h. DNA damage was determined using an alkaline comet assay. The levels of DNA damage were significantly increased following exposure to MPR in the listen, dialed and dialing modes. Moreover, there were significantly higher increases in the dialed and dialing modes than in the listen mode. Interestingly, these results were consistent with the radiation intensities of these modes. However, the DNA damage effects of MPR in the dialing mode were efficiently attenuated by melatonin pretreatment. These results regarding mode-dependent DNA damage have important implications for the safety of inappropriate mobile phone use by males of reproductive age and also suggest a simple preventive measure: Keeping mobile phones as far away from our body as possible, not only during conversations but during 'dialed' and 'dialing' operation modes. Since the 'dialed' mode is actually part of the standby mode, mobile phones should be kept at a safe distance from our body even during standby operation. Furthermore, the protective role of melatonin suggests that it may be a promising pharmacological candidate for preventing mobile phone use-related reproductive impairments.

Postendocytic sorting of constitutively internalized dopamine transporter in cell lines and dopaminergic neurons

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eriksen, Jacob; Bjørn-Yoshimoto, Walden Emil; Jørgensen, Trine Nygaard

2010-01-01

The dopamine transporter (DAT) mediates reuptake of released dopamine and is the target for psychostimulants, such as cocaine and amphetamine. DAT undergoes marked constitutive endocytosis, but little is known about the fate and sorting of the endocytosed transporter. To study DAT sorting in cells...... lines, we fused the one-transmembrane segment protein Tac to DAT, thereby generating a transporter (TacDAT) with an extracellular antibody epitope suited for trafficking studies. TacDAT was functional and endocytosed constitutively in HEK293 cells. According to an ELISA-based assay, TacDAT intracellular...

No difference in striatal dopamine transporter availability between active smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers using (123I)FP-CIT (DaTSCAN) and SPECT

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thomsen, G; Knudsen, Gitte Moos; Jensen, PS

2013-01-01

BACKGROUND: Mesolimbic and nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathways play important roles in both the rewarding and conditioning effects of drugs. The dopamine transporter (DAT) is of central importance in regulating dopaminergic neurotransmission and in particular in activating the striatal D2-like...... receptors. Molecular imaging studies of the relationship between DAT availability/dopamine synthesis capacity and active cigarette smoking have shown conflicting results. Through the collaboration between 13 SPECT centres located in 10 different European countries, a database of FP-CIT-binding in healthy...... controls was established. We used the database to test the hypothesis that striatal DAT availability is changed in active smokers compared to non-smokers and ex-smokers. METHODS: A total of 129 healthy volunteers were included. Subjects were divided into three categories according to past and present...

Structural integrity test of Indian PHWR containment of Kaiga- 1 and 2 and RAPS- 3 and 4 atomic power stations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Samota, Arun; Verma, U.S.P.; Warudkar, A.S.; Mohan, Nalini; Bhawal, R.N.; Bajaj, S.S.

2002-01-01

Full text: The structural integrity tests of Kaiga 1, 2 and RAPS 3, 4 primary containment were carried out as per requirements specified in RCC-G code by pressurizing the containment with oil free air at design pressure of 1.73 Kg/cm 2 (g). Dilations were monitored in vertical and radial directions by installing dial gauges at various locations on the outer surface of primary containment. The dilations were generally observed to be linear with the pressure and the residual displacements were within the acceptable limit. Strains were measured in meridional and circumferential directions at different pressure levels by using a large number of different types of strain gauge. While the behaviour of embedded type vibrating wire strain gauges was excellent, the behaviour of surface mounted electrical resistance (SMER) was satisfactory. Other parameters monitored were crack, differential and absolute settlements. No crack was noticed in any of the containment. No absolute and differential settlements were noticed. The results of the tests have demonstrated elastic behaviour of the containment. The acceptance criteria of the tests were met with good margin

A dialética do desespero em Kierkegaard e sua influência sobre conceito de alienação em Paul Tillich

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Elias Gomes da Silva

2015-07-01

Full Text Available A respectiva pesquisa procurou estabelecer a relação de influência da filosofia de Søren Kierkegaard sobre a construção teológica de Paul Tillich. Para tanto, utilizamos como pano de fundo ou estrutura argumentativa o conceito de Desespero humano de Kierkegaard, comparando-o ao conceito de Alienação do ser de Tillich. Objetivamos com isso, demonstrar o entrelaçamento dialogal composto no desenvolvimento da chamada doutrina do pecado original em ambos os autores. Isto é, como o desdobramento da antropologia kierkegaardiana problematizou os fundamentos da teologia sistemática, sobretudo, na questão da harmatiologia, e, como esta mesma problematização, foi capaz de padronizar o modus operandi que determinou a elaboração feita por Tillich sobre o mesmo assunto. Obviamente, que, no decorrer dessa investigação, não se pretendeu “desqualificar” ou “eliminar” a originalidade dos autores, nem tampouco transformar seus argumentos em uma espécie de amálgama conceitual. Assim, antes de uma suposta crítica de ter se proposto uma “fusão arbitrária de ideias”, buscamos, mais uma vez apontar soluções de dialéticas e centros comuns, que apontem para aqueles elementos de convergência, aonde de fato, o diálogo é possível.

CTDP-32476: A Promising Agonist Therapy for Treatment of Cocaine Addiction

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Xi, Zheng-Xiong; Song, Rui; Li, Xia; Lu, Guan-Yi; Peng, Xiao-Qing; He, Yi; Bi, Guo-Hua; Sheng, Siyuan Peter; Yang, Hong-Ju; Zhang, Haiying; Li, Jin; Froimowitz, Mark; Gardner, Eliot L

2017-01-01

Agonist-replacement therapies have been successfully used for treatment of opiate and nicotine addiction, but not for cocaine addiction. One of the major obstacles is the cocaine-like addictive potential of the agonists themselves. We report here an atypical dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) inhibitor, CTDP-32476, that may have translational potential for treating cocaine addiction. In vitro ligand-binding assays suggest that CTDP-32476 is a potent and selective DAT inhibitor and a competitive inhibitor of cocaine binding to the DAT. Systemic administration of CTDP-32476 alone produced a slow-onset, long-lasting increase in extracellular nucleus accumbens DA, locomotion, and brain-stimulation reward. Drug-naive rats did not self-administer CTDP-32476. In a substitution test, cocaine self-administration rats displayed a progressive reduction in CTDP-32476 self-administration with an extinction pattern of drug-taking behavior, suggesting significantly lower addictive potential than cocaine. Pretreatment with CTDP-32476 inhibited cocaine self-administration, cocaine-associated cue-induced relapse to drug seeking, and cocaine-enhanced extracellular DA in the nucleus accumbens. These findings suggest that CTDP-32476 is a unique DAT inhibitor that not only could satisfy ‘drug hunger' through its slow-onset long-lasting DAT inhibitor action, but also render subsequent administration of cocaine ineffectual—thus constituting a novel and unique compound with translational potential as an agonist therapy for treatment of cocaine addiction. PMID:27534265

SLC6A3 coding variant Ala559Val found in two autism probands alters dopamine transporter function and trafficking.

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Bowton, E; Saunders, C; Reddy, I A; Campbell, N G; Hamilton, P J; Henry, L K; Coon, H; Sakrikar, D; Veenstra-VanderWeele, J M; Blakely, R D; Sutcliffe, J; Matthies, H J G; Erreger, K; Galli, A

2014-10-14

Emerging evidence associates dysfunction in the dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) with the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The human DAT (hDAT; SLC6A3) rare variant with an Ala to Val substitution at amino acid 559 (hDAT A559V) was previously reported in individuals with bipolar disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We have demonstrated that this variant is hyper-phosphorylated at the amino (N)-terminal serine (Ser) residues and promotes an anomalous DA efflux phenotype. Here, we report the novel identification of hDAT A559V in two unrelated ASD subjects and provide the first mechanistic description of its impaired trafficking phenotype. DAT surface expression is dynamically regulated by DAT substrates including the psychostimulant amphetamine (AMPH), which causes hDAT trafficking away from the plasma membrane. The integrity of DAT trafficking directly impacts DA transport capacity and therefore dopaminergic neurotransmission. Here, we show that hDAT A559V is resistant to AMPH-induced cell surface redistribution. This unique trafficking phenotype is conferred by altered protein kinase C β (PKCβ) activity. Cells expressing hDAT A559V exhibit constitutively elevated PKCβ activity, inhibition of which restores the AMPH-induced hDAT A559V membrane redistribution. Mechanistically, we link the inability of hDAT A559V to traffic in response to AMPH to the phosphorylation of the five most distal DAT N-terminal Ser. Mutation of these N-terminal Ser to Ala restores AMPH-induced trafficking. Furthermore, hDAT A559V has a diminished ability to transport AMPH, and therefore lacks AMPH-induced DA efflux. Pharmacological inhibition of PKCβ or Ser to Ala substitution in the hDAT A559V background restores AMPH-induced DA efflux while promoting intracellular AMPH accumulation. Although hDAT A559V is a rare variant, it has been found in multiple probands with neuropsychiatric disorders associated with imbalances in DA neurotransmission

The effect of cell phone use on postural balance and mobility in older compared to young adults.

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Laatar, Rabeb; Kachouri, Hiba; Borji, Rihab; Rebai, Haithem; Sahli, Sonia

2017-05-01

Cell phone use is considered as an essential part of everyday life saturating all age groups and demographics. This study aimed to explore the effect of various cell phone functions on postural control and mobility in the elderly. Twenty healthy older (mean age 72.5±2.9) and twenty young (26.3±2.8) adults participated in this study. Postural balance was assessed by measuring the center of pressure (CoP) displacement with (talking on a cell phone (CONVERSE), dialing a number (DIAL) and listening to music (MUSIC)) and without cell phone use. Mobility was assessed by the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Results showed that for both groups, the CoP parameters increased significantly during the CONVERSE (pcell phone use impairs similarly standing postural balance of elderly and young adults. Interestingly, in the elderly, all cell phone functions used altered mobility with the dialing function causing the largest mobility deterioration. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

For a dialectic of metamorphosis: the new public and the kaleidoscopic museum Por uma dialética da metamorfose: o novo público e o museu caleidoscópico

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Christine Ferreira Azzi

2008-11-01

Full Text Available The article discusses the dialogue established between the young public and museums, analyzing the contemporaneity of traditional museum discourse. In the light of concepts such as sharing of the sensitive, dialectal images, metamorphosis of artwork and cyberspace, developed by the theoreticians Jacques Rancière, Georges Didi-Huberman, André Malraux and Pierre Lévy, my intention is to question the potential interaction and production of senses exploited, or not, in museum spaces. O artigo põe em cena o diálogo estabelecido pela relação entre público jovem e museus, analisando a contemporaneidade do discurso museológico tradicional. À luz de conceitos como partilha do sensível, imagens dialéticas, metamorfose da obra de arte e ciberespaço, desenvolvidos respectivamente pelos teóricos André Malraux, Georges Didi-Huberman, Jacques Rancière e Pierre Lévy, pretende-se interrogar o potencial de interação e de produção de sentidos utilizado, ou não, pelo espaço museal.

Use of thromboelastography to tailor dual-antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing treatment of intracranial aneurysms with the Pipeline embolization device.

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McTaggart, Ryan A; Choudhri, Omar A; Marcellus, Mary L; Brennan, Tom; Steinberg, Gary K; Dodd, Robert L; Do, Huy M; Marks, Michael P

2015-06-01

Platelet function testing is controversial and not well studied in patients with neurovascular disease. To evaluate the performance of thromboelastography (TEG) as a platelet function test in neurovascular patients treated with the Pipeline embolization device (PED). A prospective protocol was instituted for platelet function testing in patients undergoing repair of intracranial aneurysms with the PED. All patients received dual antiplatelet therapy (DAT) and their response to both P2Y12 inhibitors and aspirin was quantified with TEG. Each patient's DAT induction strategy was tailored based on the percentage ADP-induced and percentage arachidonic acid-induced platelet inhibition reported by TEG. Data collected included clinical presentation, aneurysm characteristics, treatment details, and periprocedural events. Patients were followed up clinically and/or angiographically at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year. Thirty-four PED procedures were performed on 31 patients. TEG results altered the DAT strategy in 35% of patients. Technical success with the Pipeline placement was 100%. Two patients had minor strokes and five had transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). There have been no hemorrhagic complications. No patient had permanent neurologic deficits. Six of eight (75%) of patients with thromboembolic/TIA events were ADP-induced hyporesponders by TEG. Our 6- and 12-month angiographic occlusion rates were 78.9% and 89.5%, respectively. The 19 major branches covered by the PED that were assessed by follow-up imaging have all remained patent. Platelet function testing with TEG altered our DAT induction strategy in a significant number of cases. No hemorrhagic or disabling thromboembolic complications were seen in this series. Future studies should compare methods of platelet function testing and, possibly, no platelet function testing in neurovascular patients undergoing flow diversion and/or stent-assisted treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Published by the BMJ

Mephedrone does not damage dopamine nerve endings of the striatum, but enhances the neurotoxicity of methamphetamine, amphetamine, and MDMA.

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Angoa-Pérez, Mariana; Kane, Michael J; Briggs, Denise I; Francescutti, Dina M; Sykes, Catherine E; Shah, Mrudang M; Thomas, David M; Kuhn, Donald M

2013-04-01

Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) is a β-ketoamphetamine stimulant drug of abuse with close structural and mechanistic similarities to methamphetamine. One of the most powerful actions associated with mephedrone is the ability to stimulate dopamine (DA) release and block its re-uptake through its interaction with the dopamine transporter (DAT). Although mephedrone does not cause toxicity to DA nerve endings, its ability to serve as a DAT blocker could provide protection against methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity like other DAT inhibitors. To test this possibility, mice were treated with mephedrone (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg) prior to each injection of a neurotoxic regimen of methamphetamine (four injections of 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg at 2 h intervals). The integrity of DA nerve endings of the striatum was assessed through measures of DA, DAT, and tyrosine hydroxylase levels. The moderate to severe DA toxicity associated with the different doses of methamphetamine was not prevented by any dose of mephedrone but was, in fact, significantly enhanced. The hyperthermia caused by combined treatment with mephedrone and methamphetamine was the same as seen after either drug alone. Mephedrone also enhanced the neurotoxic effects of amphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on DA nerve endings. In contrast, nomifensine protected against methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. As mephedrone increases methamphetamine neurotoxicity, the present results suggest that it interacts with the DAT in a manner unlike that of other typical DAT inhibitors. The relatively innocuous effects of mephedrone alone on DA nerve endings mask a potentially dangerous interaction with drugs that are often co-abused with it, leading to heightened neurotoxicity. © 2012 International Society for Neurochemistry.

Monoamine reuptake site occupancy of sibutramine: Relationship to antidepressant-like and thermogenic effects in rats.

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Li, Yu-Wen; Langdon, Shaun; Pieschl, Rick; Strong, Todd; Wright, Robert N; Rohrbach, Kenneth; Lelas, Snjezana; Lodge, Nicholas J

2014-08-15

Sibutramine was formerly marketed as an anti-obesity agent. The current study investigated the relationships between monoamine reuptake site occupancy for sibutramine and both its antidepressant-like efficacy and thermogenic effects. Sibutramine's effects on locomotor activity (LMA) and food intake were also evaluated. Sibutramine occupied monoamine reuptake binding sites with the rank order of potency of NET>SERT>DAT; at 10mg/kg, po, occupancy was 95% NET, 81% SERT and 73% DAT. Sibutramine produced antidepressant-like behavior in the forced swim test; at the lowest effective dose (3mg/kg, po) occupancy was 61%, 90% and 23% at SERT, NET and DAT sites, respectively. Sibutramine also increased body core temperature in a dose- and time-dependent manner; at the lowest effective dose (30mg/kg) SERT, NET and DAT occupancies were respectively 78%, 86% and 59%. A significant decrease in food consumption was observed at 3 and 10mg/kg, po. LMA was increased at ≥10mg/kg, sc. The relationship between efficacy in the FST and occupancy was also determined for citalopram, fluoxetine and reboxetine. Similarly, the relationship between thermogenesis and target occupancy for several single or double/triple reuptake inhibitors was measured and showed that >40-50% DAT binding was required for thermogenesis. Thermogenesis was blocked by the D1 antagonist SCH39166 (3mg/kg, sc). Our findings indicate that the antidepressant-like effect of sibutramine may result from additive or synergistic actions on the three reuptake binding targets. At higher doses, sibutramine produces thermogenesis; DAT inhibition and activation of dopamine D1 receptors are required for this effect. Published by Elsevier B.V.

The effects of reduced dopamine transporter function and chronic lithium on motivation, probabilistic learning, and neurochemistry in mice: Modeling bipolar mania.

Science.gov (United States)

Milienne-Petiot, Morgane; Kesby, James P; Graves, Mary; van Enkhuizen, Jordy; Semenova, Svetlana; Minassian, Arpi; Markou, Athina; Geyer, Mark A; Young, Jared W

2017-02-01

Bipolar disorder (BD) mania patients exhibit poor cognition and reward-seeking/hypermotivation, negatively impacting a patient's quality of life. Current treatments (e.g., lithium), do not treat such deficits. Treatment development has been limited due to a poor understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying these behaviors. Here, we investigated putative mechanisms underlying cognition and reward-seeking/motivational changes relevant to BD mania patients using two validated mouse models and neurochemical analyses. The effects of reducing dopamine transporter (DAT) functioning via genetic (knockdown vs. wild-type littermates), or pharmacological (GBR12909- vs. vehicle-treated C57BL/6J mice) means were assessed in the probabilistic reversal learning task (PRLT), and progressive ratio breakpoint (PRB) test, during either water or chronic lithium treatment. These tasks quantify reward learning and effortful motivation, respectively. Neurochemistry was performed on brain samples of DAT mutants ± chronic lithium using high performance liquid chromatography. Reduced DAT functioning increased reversals in the PRLT, an effect partially attenuated by chronic lithium. Chronic lithium alone slowed PRLT acquisition. Reduced DAT functioning increased motivation (PRB), an effect attenuated by lithium in GBR12909-treated mice. Neurochemical analyses revealed that DAT knockdown mice exhibited elevated homovanillic acid levels, but that lithium had no effect on these elevated levels. Reducing DAT functioning recreates many aspects of BD mania including hypermotivation and improved reversal learning (switching), as well as elevated homovanillic acid levels. Chronic lithium only exerted main effects, impairing learning and elevating norepinephrine and serotonin levels of mice, not specifically treating the underlying mechanisms identified in these models. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Bases metodológicas para a assistência de enfermagem em saúde coletiva, fundamentadas no materialismo histórico e dialético

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Vilma Machado de Queiroz

1988-03-01

Full Text Available As autoras propõem uma metodologia de assistência de enfermagem em saúde coletiva, fundamentada no materialismo histórico, partindo da concepção e visão de mundo nesta ótica, da recolocação de pressupostos e das leis da dialética materialista. Neste referencial aceita-se que o processo saúde-doença é determinado socialmente, em uma dada realidade objetiva, e que esta realidade deve ser abordada em três dimensões, a saber: "dimensão estrutural", formada pelos processos de desenvolvimento da capacidade produtiva e de relações sociais; a "dimensão particular", formada pelos processos de reprodução social e a "dimensão singular", formada pelos indivíduos e suas famílias. A metodologia de assistência de enfermagem em saúde coletiva ora proposta é desenvolvida nas seguintes fases: a captação da realidade objetiva; b interpretação da realidade objetiva; c construção dó projeto de intervenção na realidade objetiva; d intervenção na realidade objetiva; e reinterpretação da realidade objetiva. Em cada uma dessas fases, as três dimensões da realidade objetiva, acima mencionadas, são consideradas de forma simultânea.

Functional Rescue of a Misfolded Drosophila melanogaster Dopamine Transporter Mutant Associated with a Sleepless Phenotype by Pharmacological Chaperones.

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Kasture, Ameya; El-Kasaby, Ali; Szöllősi, Daniel; Asjad, H M Mazhar; Grimm, Alexandra; Stockner, Thomas; Hummel, Thomas; Freissmuth, Michael; Sucic, Sonja

2016-09-30

Folding-defective mutants of the human dopamine transporter (DAT) cause a syndrome of infantile dystonia/parkinsonism. Here, we provide a proof-of-principle that the folding deficit is amenable to correction in vivo by two means, the cognate DAT ligand noribogaine and the HSP70 inhibitor, pifithrin-μ. We examined the Drosophila melanogaster (d) mutant dDAT-G108Q, which leads to a sleepless phenotype in flies harboring this mutation. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested an unstable structure of dDAT-G108Q consistent with a folding defect. This conjecture was verified; heterologously expressed dDAT-G108Q and the human (h) equivalent hDAT-G140Q were retained in the endoplasmic reticulum in a complex with endogenous folding sensors (calnexin and HSP70-1A). Incubation of the cells with noribogaine (a DAT ligand selective for the inward-facing state) and/or pifithrin-μ (an HSP70 inhibitor) restored folding of, and hence dopamine transport by, dDAT-G108Q and hDAT-G140Q. The mutated versions of DAT were confined to the cell bodies of the dopaminergic neurons in the fly brain and failed to reach the axonal compartments. Axonal delivery was restored, and sleep time was increased to normal length (from 300 to 1000 min/day) if the dDAT-G108Q-expressing flies were treated with noribogaine and/or pifithrin-μ. Rescuing misfolded versions of DAT by pharmacochaperoning is of therapeutic interest; it may provide opportunities to remedy disorders arising from folding-defective mutants of human DAT and of other related SLC6 transporters. © 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

A single one-step radiosynthesis of [{sup 18}F]L.B.T.-999, a novel and selective dat radioligand for PET

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dolle, F.; Hinnen, F.; Saba, W.; Schollhorn-peyronneau, M.A.; Valette, H.; Bottlaender, M. [Service Hospitalier Frederic Joliot, DSV/ Institut d' Imagerie BioMedicale, 91 - Orsay (France); Helfenbein, J.; Le gailliard, J. [Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), U484, Orphachem, ZATE, 63 - Clermont Ferrand (France); Mavel, S.; Mincheva, Z.; Garreau, L.; Chalon, S.; Guilloteau, D.; Emond, P. [Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), U619, 37 - Tours (France); Mavel, S.; Garreau, L.; Chalon, S.; Guilloteau, D.; Emond, P. [Universite Francois Rabelais de Tours, 37 (France); Halldin, C. [Karolinska Institut, Dept. of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm (Sweden); Madelmont, J.C. [Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U484, Lab. Etude Metabolique des Molecules Marquees, 63 - Clermont Ferrand (France); Deloye, J.B. [Biopole Clermont Limagne, Lab. Cyclopharma, 63 - Saint Beauzire (France); Guilloteau, D. [Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire, 37 - Tours (France)

2008-02-15

L.B.T.-999 (8-((E)-4-fluoro-but-2-enyl)-3-beta-p-tolyl-8- aza-bi-cyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-beta-carboxylic acid methyl ester) is a recently developed cocaine derivative belonging to a new generation of highly selective D.A.T. ligands [1-3]. Initial fluorine-18-labelling of L.B.T.-999 was based on the robust and reliable two-step radiochemical pathway often reported for such tropane derivatives, involving first the preparation of (E)-1-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-4-tosyloxybut-2-ene followed by a N-alkylation reaction with the appropriate nor-tropane moiety [4]. In the present work, a simple one-step fluorine-18-labelling of L.B.T.-999 is reported, based on a chlorine-for-fluorine nucleophilic aliphatic substitution, facilitating as expected both automation and final H.P.L.C. purification. The process involves: (A) reaction of K[{sup 18}F]F-Kryptofix 222 with the chlorinated precursor (3.5-4.5 mg) at 165 degrees C for 10 min in D.M.S.O. (0.6 m L) followed by (B) C-18 PrepSep cartridge pre-purification and finally (C) semi preparative HPLC purification on a Waters Symmetry C-18. Typically, 3.70-5.92 GBq of [{sup 18}F]L.B.T.-999 (> 95% chemically and radiochemically pure) could be obtained with specific radioactivities ranging from 37 to 111 GBq/micro-mol within 85-90 min (HPLC purification and Sep-Pak-based formulation included), starting from a 37.0 GBq [{sup 18}F]fluoride batch (overall radiochemical yields: 10-16%, non decay corrected) [5].Supported in part by the E.C. - F.P.6-project D.i.M.I. (L.S.H.B.-C.T.- 2005-512146) and the R.N.T.S. 03 B 243 Fluoropak program. (authors)

Insertion of tetracysteine motifs into dopamine transporter extracellular domains.

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Deanna M Navaroli

Full Text Available The neuronal dopamine transporter (DAT is a major determinant of extracellular dopamine (DA levels and is the primary target for a variety of addictive and therapeutic psychoactive drugs. DAT is acutely regulated by protein kinase C (PKC activation and amphetamine exposure, both of which modulate DAT surface expression by endocytic trafficking. In order to use live imaging approaches to study DAT endocytosis, methods are needed to exclusively label the DAT surface pool. The use of membrane impermeant, sulfonated biarsenic dyes holds potential as one such approach, and requires introduction of an extracellular tetracysteine motif (tetraCys; CCPGCC to facilitate dye binding. In the current study, we took advantage of intrinsic proline-glycine (Pro-Gly dipeptides encoded in predicted DAT extracellular domains to introduce tetraCys motifs into DAT extracellular loops 2, 3, and 4. [(3H]DA uptake studies, surface biotinylation and fluorescence microscopy in PC12 cells indicate that tetraCys insertion into the DAT second extracellular loop results in a functional transporter that maintains PKC-mediated downregulation. Introduction of tetraCys into extracellular loops 3 and 4 yielded DATs with severely compromised function that failed to mature and traffic to the cell surface. This is the first demonstration of successful introduction of a tetracysteine motif into a DAT extracellular domain, and may hold promise for use of biarsenic dyes in live DAT imaging studies.

Uso do EuroSCORE como preditor de morbidade no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca

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Isaac Newton Guimarães Andrade

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar o uso do EuroSCORE como preditor de morbidade no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Métodos: Foram analisados, retrospectivamente, os prontuários de 900 pacientes operados no Real Hospital Português do Recife e admitidos na unidade de terapia intensiva pós-operatória. Foram incluídos todos os pacientes com prontuários completos, sendo excluídos aqueles que foram a óbito no transoperatório, submetidos a transplante ou a correção de cardiopatia congênita. Foi avaliado o desenvolvimento de infecção respiratória, acidente vascular cerebral e insuficiência renal dialítica, sendo o EuroSCORE comparado em relação às três complicações, usando-se o teste de Mann-Whitney. A calibração do modelo para predição das morbidades estudadas foi avaliado com o teste de ajuste de bondade de Homer-Lemeshow. A acurácia do modelo foi avaliada utilizando-se a área sob a curva ROC (ASROC. Resultados: O modelo apresentou boa calibração na predição de infecção respiratória, insuficiência renal dialítica e acidente vascular cerebral (P=0,285; P=0,789; P=0,45, respectivamente, tendo boa acurácia para infecção respiratória (ASROC=0,710 e P<0,001 e insuficiência renal dialítica (ASROC=0,834 e P<0,001 e sem acurácia para acidente vascular cerebral (ASROC=0,519. Os pacientes de alto risco apresentaram maior chance de desenvolver infecção respiratória (OR=9,05; P<0,001 e insuficiência renal dialítica (OR=39,6; P<0,001. A probabilidade de desenvolver infecção respiratória e insuficiência renal dialítica foi de menos de 10% com EuroSCORE até 7 e de mais de 70% com EuroSCORE maior que 15. Conclusão: O EuroSCORE mostrou-se um bom preditor das principais morbidades pós-operatórias em cirurgia cardíaca: infecção respiratória e insuficiência renal dialítica.

Evaluation of internal alpha-particle radiation exposure and subsequent fertility among a cohort of women formerly employed in the radium dial industry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schieve, L.A.; Davis, F.; Freels, S.

1997-01-01

This study examined the effect of internal exposure to α-particle radiation on subsequent fertility among women employed in radium dial industry prior to 1930, when appreciable amounts of radium were often ingested through the practice of pointing the paint brush with the lips. The analysis was limited to women for whom a radium body burden measurement had been obtained and who were married prior to age 45 (n = 603). Internal radiation dose to the ovary was calculated based on initial intakes of radium-226 and radium-228, average ovarian mass, number and energy of α particles emitted, fraction of energy absorbed within the ovary, effective retention integrals and estimated photon irradiation. Time between marriage and pregnancy, number of pregnancies and number of live births served as surrogates for fertility. Radiation appeared to have no effect on fertility at estimated cumulative ovarian dose equivalents below 5 Sv; above this dose, however, statistically significant declines in both number of pregnancies and live births were observed. These trends persisted after multivariable adjustment for potential confounding variables and after exclusion of subjects contributing a potential classification or selection bias to the study. Additionally, the high-dose group experienced fewer live births than would have been expected based on population rates. There were no differences in time to first pregnancy between high- and low-dose groups. These results are consistent with earlier studies of γ-ray exposures and suggest that exposure to high doses of radiation from internally deposited radium reduces fertility rather than inducing sterility. 42 refs., 5 tabs

Tropospheric ozone profiles by DIAL at Maïdo Observatory (Reunion Island: system description, instrumental performance and result comparison with ozone external data set

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

V. Duflot

2017-09-01

Full Text Available In order to recognize the importance of ozone (O3 in the troposphere and lower stratosphere in the tropics, a DIAL (differential absorption lidar tropospheric O3 lidar system (LIO3TUR was developed and installed at the Université de la Réunion campus site (close to the sea on Reunion Island (southern tropics in 1998. From 1998 to 2010, it acquired 427 O3 profiles from the low to the upper troposphere and has been central to several studies. In 2012, the system was moved up to the new Maïdo Observatory facility (2160 m a.m.s.l. – metres above mean sea level where it started operation in February 2013. The current system (LIO3T configuration generates a 266 nm beam obtained with the fourth harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser sent into a Raman cell filled up with deuterium (using helium as buffer gas, generating the 289 and 316 nm beams to enable the use of the DIAL method for O3 profile measurements. The optimal range for the actual system is 6–19 km a.m.s.l., depending on the instrumental and atmospheric conditions. For a 1 h integration time, vertical resolution varies from 0.7 km at 6 km a.m.s.l. to 1.3 km at 19 km a.m.s.l., and mean uncertainty within the 6–19 km range is between 6 and 13 %. Comparisons with eight electrochemical concentration cell (ECC sondes simultaneously launched from the Maïdo Observatory show good agreement between data sets with a 6.8 % mean absolute relative difference (D between 6 and 17 km a.m.s.l. (LIO3T lower than ECC. Comparisons with 37 ECC sondes launched from the nearby Gillot site during the daytime in a ±24 h window around lidar shooting result in a 9.4 % D between 6 and 19 km a.m.s.l. (LIO3T lower than ECC. Comparisons with 11 ground-based Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC Fourier transform infrared (FTIR spectrometer measurements acquired during the daytime in a ±24 h window around lidar shooting show good agreement between data

New lidar challenges for gas hazard management in industrial environments

Science.gov (United States)

Cézard, Nicolas; Liméry, Anasthase; Bertrand, Johan; Le Méhauté, Simon; Benoit, Philippe; Fleury, Didier; Goular, Didier; Planchat, Christophe; Valla, Matthieu; Augère, Béatrice; Dolfi-Bouteyre, Agnès.

2017-10-01

The capability of Lidars to perform range-resolved gas profiles makes them an appealing choice for many applications. In order to address new remote sensing challenges, arising from industrial contexts, Onera currently develops two lidar systems, one Raman and one DIAL. On the Raman side, a high spatial-resolution multi-channel Raman Lidar is developed in partnership with the French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency (Andra). This development aims at enabling future monitoring of hydrogen gas and water vapor profiles inside disposal cells containing radioactive wastes. We report on the development and first tests of a three-channel Raman Lidar (H2, H2O, N2) designed to address this issue. Simultaneous hydrogen and water vapor profiles have been successfully performed along a 5m-long gas cell with 1m resolution at a distance of 85 m. On the DIAL side, a new instrumental concept is being explored and developed in partnership with Total E and P. The objective is to perform methane plume monitoring and flux assessment in the vicinity of industrials plants or platforms. For flux assessment, both gas concentration and air speed must be profiled by lidar. Therefore, we started developing a bi-function, all-fiber, coherent DIAL/Doppler Lidar. The first challenge was to design and build an appropriate fiber laser source. The achieved demonstrator delivers 200 W peak power, polarized, spectrally narrow (<15 MHz), 110 ns pulses of light out of a monomode fiber at 1645 nm. It fulfills the requirements for a future implementation in a bi-function Dial/Doppler lidar with km-range expectation. We report on the laser and lidar architecture, and on first lidar tests at 1645 nm.

Differences in gene expression profiles in the liver between carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic isomers of compounds given to rats in a 28-day repeat-dose toxicity study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakayama, Koji; Kawano, Yukiko; Kawakami, Yuuki; Moriwaki, Norichika; Sekijima, Masaru; Otsuka, Masanori; Yakabe, Yoshikuni; Miyaura, Hideki; Saito, Koichi; Sumida, Kayo; Shirai, Tomoyuki

2006-01-01

Some compounds have structural isomers of which one is apparently carcinogenic, and the other not. Because of the similarity of their chemical structures, comparisons of their effects can allow gene expression elicited in response to the basic skeletons of the isomers to be disregarded. We compared the gene expression profiles of male Fischer 344 rats administered by daily oral gavage up to 28 days using an in-house oligo microarray. 2-Acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT), 2-nitropropane (2-NP), and 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine (2-NpP) are hepatocarcinogenic. However, their isomers, 4-acetylaminofluorene (4-AAF), 2,6-diaminotoluene (2,6-DAT), 1-nitropropane (1-NP), and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (4-NoP), are non-hepatocarcinogenic. Because of the limited carcinogenicity of 2-NpP, we attempted to perform two-parametric comparison analyses with (1) a set of 4 isomers: 2-AAF, 2,4-DAT, 2-NP, and 2-NpP as 'carcinogenic', and 4-AAF, 2,6-DAT, 1-NP, and 4-NoP as 'non-carcinogenic'; and (2) a set of 3 isomers: 2-AAF, 2,4-DAT, and 2-NP, as 'carcinogenic', and 4-AAF, 2,6-DAT, and 1-NP as 'non-carcinogenic'. After ratio filtering and Welch's approximate t-test analysis, 54 and 28 genes were selected from comparisons between the sets of 3 and 4 isomers, respectively, for day 28 data. Using hierarchical clustering analysis with the 54 or 28 genes, 2-AAF, 2,4-DAT, and 2-NP clustered into a 'carcinogenic' branch. 2-NpP was in the same cluster as 4-NoP and 4-AAF. This clustering corresponded to the previous finding that 2-NpP is not carcinogenic in male Fischer 344 rats, which indicates that comparing the differences in gene expression elicited by different isomers is an effective method of developing a prediction system for carcinogenicity

Advanced LOCA code uncertainty assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wickett, A.J.; Neill, A.P.

1990-11-01

This report describes a pilot study that identified, quantified and combined uncertainties for the LOBI BL-02 3% small break test. A ''dials'' version of TRAC-PF1/MOD1, called TRAC-F, was used. (author)

Experimental stress analysis and fatigue tests of five 12-in. NPS ANSI Standard B16.9 tees

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moore, S.E.; Grigory, S.C.; Weed, R.A.

1984-04-01

The tees, designated as ORNL tees T-4, T-6, T-7, T-8, and T-15, were tested under subcontract at Southwest Research Institute, and the data were analyzed at ORNL. Experimental stress analyses were conducted for 13 individual loadings on each tee, including internal pressure and 3 mutually perpendicular force and moment loads on the branch and on the run. Each test model was instrumented with approx. 220, 1/16-in. three-gage, 45 0 strain rosettes on the body of the tee, and approx. 10, 1/16-in. two-gage, strain rosettes on the pipe extensions. Dial indicators, mounted on a special nonflexible holding frame, were used to measure deflections and rotations of the pipe extensions. Normalized maximum stress intensities for each loading condition on each tee are summarized in the text. Complete sets of strain-gage data, normalized stresses, and displacement measurements for each tee are given on microfiche in the appendixes. Following completion of the strain-gage tests, each tee was tested to failure in a fully reversed displacement-controlled low-cycle fatigue test with an alternating transverse load applied to the branch pipe. The load was directed out of plane for T-4, T-6, T-8, and T-15; and in plane for T-7. A constant internal pressure equal to the nominal design pressure was maintained during the fatigue tests. Failure data from the fatigue tests are summarized in the text

Evaluating the content and development of decision aid tools for the management of menopause: A scoping review.

Science.gov (United States)

Siyam, Tasneem; Sultani, Humirah; Ross, Sue; Chatterley, Trish; Yuksel, Nese

2017-12-01

Decision-making during menopause (especially surgical menopause) can be complex given the variability in risk-benefit perceptions of menopausal treatments. Decision aid tools (DATs) help women participate in decision-making about options. Our objective is to identify and evaluate the content and development of DATs for managing menopause, with a special focus on surgical menopause. We systematically searched electronic databases, including MEDLINE and EMBASE, from inception to March 2017 for relevant records. The principal inclusion criterion was that papers reported studies on DATs for managing menopause. Search terms were derived from two concepts: menopause and DATs. Data extracted were presented in written evidence tables and narrative summaries. Our search yielded 18,801 records. Of these, 26 records met our inclusion criteria, which gave rise to 12 DATs from peer-reviewed literature and 6 from grey literature. Seventeen DATs were focused on natural menopause and two targeted surgical menopause, both identified from grey literature. More than half were published before the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) publication and 70% before the release of the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS). Very few studies reported the full development of the DAT involved, and less than half of DATs were informed by a needs assessment to identify the decisional needs of their target population. Most DATs focused on hormone therapy as a treatment option and did not provide a comprehensive overview of other options. None of the DATs reported the steps involved in finding, appraising and summarizing scientific content of the tool. This review highlights several limitations in the content and development of DATs for managing menopause. No peer-reviewed DATs were identified for surgical menopause. A need for a complete, evidence-based DAT in the context of surgical menopause is identified. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Shifting renewable energy in transport into the next gear. Developing a methodology for taking into account all electricity, hydrogen and methane from renewable sources in the 10% transport target; Hernieuwbare energie in transport naar een hogere versnelling. Ontwikkeling van een methode dat rekening houdt met alle elektriciteit, waterstof en methaan uit hernieuwbare bronnen in de 10% transportdoelsteling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kampman, B.; Leguijt, C.; Bennink, D. [CE Delft, Delft (Netherlands); Wentrup, K.; Dreblow, E.; Gruenig, M. [Ecologic Institute, Berlin (Germany); Schmidt, P.; Wurster, R.; Weindorf, W. [Ludwig-Boelkow-Systemtechnik, Muenchen-Ottobrunn (Germany)

2012-01-15

vastgesteld dat 10% van alle in de transportsector gebruikte energie in 2020 uit hernieuwbare bronnen moet komen. De richtlijn schrijft ook voor welke berekeningsmethoden in deze context gebruikt dienen te worden voor de biobrandstoffen en hernieuwbare elektriciteit die door voertuigen worden gebruikt. Bij biobrandstoffen worden alleen die brandstoffen in de berekening meegenomen die feitelijk in de transportsector worden gebruikt. Voor de bijdrage van elektriciteit uit hernieuwbare bron wordt een iets anders methode gebruikt, omdat deze gewoonlijk aan het elektriciteitsnet wordt onttrokken, waarbij de precieze herkomst van de gebruikte energie niet wordt bijgehouden: in hun berekeningen worden lidstaten daarom geacht het gemiddelde aandeel van hernieuwbare elektriciteit hiervoor te gebruiken. De Richtlijn schrijft ook voor dat, wanneer dat nodig mocht blijken, de Europese Commissie een voorstel moet presenteren waarin wordt aangegeven hoe de totale hoeveelheid door elektrische voertuigen gebruikte hernieuwbare elektriciteit berekend dient te worden en een methodologie wordt gegeven om de bijdrage van waterstof uit hernieuwbare bronnen in de transportsector op te nemen. Daarnaast is er de vraag hoe biomethaan dat in het aardgasnet wordt ingebracht in de 10%-transportdoelstelling moet worden verdisconteerd wanneer voertuigen uit datzelfde net worden gevuld - via een route die vergelijkbaar is met die van elektriciteitsgebruik in de transportsector. Door DG Energie van de Commissie zijn CE Delft, Ecologic Institute en Ludwig-Bölkow-Systemtechnik (LBST) gevraagd ondersteuning te bieden bij het besluitvormingstraject rondom de drie genoemde routes voor transportenergie: hernieuwbare elektriciteit, waterstof en biomethaan, waarbij distributie via landelijke netten plaatsvindt. Dat heeft geleid tot een uitgebreid rapport waarin verschillende methodologische opties worden uitgewerkt en beoordeeld en conclusies worden getrokken voor zowel de korte en middellange termijn (tot 2020

Ablation of kappa-opioid receptors from brain dopamine neurons has anxiolytic-like effects and enhances cocaine-induced plasticity.

Science.gov (United States)

Van't Veer, Ashlee; Bechtholt, Anita J; Onvani, Sara; Potter, David; Wang, Yujun; Liu-Chen, Lee-Yuan; Schütz, Günther; Chartoff, Elena H; Rudolph, Uwe; Cohen, Bruce M; Carlezon, William A

2013-07-01

Brain kappa-opioid receptors (KORs) are implicated in states of motivation and emotion. Activation of KORs negatively regulates mesolimbic dopamine (DA) neurons, and KOR agonists produce depressive-like behavioral effects. To further evaluate how KOR function affects behavior, we developed mutant mice in which exon 3 of the KOR gene (Oprk1) was flanked with Cre-lox recombination (loxP) sites. By breeding these mice with lines that express Cre-recombinase (Cre) in early embryogenesis (EIIa-Cre) or only in DA neurons (dopamine transporter (DAT)-Cre), we developed constitutive KOR knockouts (KOR(-/-)) and conditional knockouts that lack KORs in DA-containing neurons (DAT-KOR(lox/lox)). Autoradiography demonstrated complete ablation of KOR binding in the KOR(-/-) mutants, and reduced binding in the DAT-KOR(lox/lox) mutants. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qPCR) studies confirmed that KOR mRNA is undetectable in the constitutive mutants and reduced in the midbrain DA systems of the conditional mutants. Behavioral characterization demonstrated that these mutant lines do not differ from controls in metrics, including hearing, vision, weight, and locomotor activity. Whereas KOR(-/-) mice appeared normal in the open field and light/dark box tests, DAT-KOR(lox/lox) mice showed reduced anxiety-like behavior, an effect that is broadly consistent with previously reported effects of KOR antagonists. Sensitization to the locomotor-stimulating effects of cocaine appeared normal in KOR(-/-) mutants, but was exaggerated in DAT-KOR(lox/lox) mutants. Increased sensitivity to cocaine in the DAT-KOR(lox/lox) mutants is consistent with a role for KORs in negative regulation of DA function, whereas the lack of differences in the KOR(-/-) mutants suggests compensatory adaptations after constitutive receptor ablation. These mouse lines may be useful in future studies of KOR function.

Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo activity of analogs of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH) with C-terminal agmatine.

Science.gov (United States)

Zarandi, M; Csernus, V; Bokser, L; Bajusz, S; Groot, K; Schally, A V

1990-12-01

In the search for more active analogs of human growth hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH), 37 new compounds were synthesized by solid phase methodology, purified, and tested biologically. Most of the analogs contained a sequence of 27 amino acids and N-terminal desaminotyrosine (Dat) and C-terminal agmatine (Agm), which are not amino acids. In addition to Dat in position 1 and Agm in position 29, the majority of the analogs had Ala15 and Nle27 substitutions and one or more additional L- or D-amino acid modifications. [Dat1, Ala15, Nle27]GH-RH(1-28)Agm (MZ-2-51) was the most active analog. Its in vitro GH-releasing potency was 10.5 times higher than that of GH-RH(1-29)NH2 and in the i.v. in vivo assay, MZ-2-51 was 4-5 times more active than the standard. After s.c. administration to rats. MZ-2-51 showed an activity 34 times higher at 15 min and 179 times greater at 30 min than GH-RH(1-29)NH2 and also displayed a prolonged activity. D-Tyr10, D-Lys12, and D-Lys21 homologs of MZ-2-51 also showed enhanced activities. Thus, [Dat1, D-Tyr10, Ala15, Nle27]GH-RH(1-28)Agm (MZ-2-159), [Dat1, D-Lys12, Ala15, Nle27]GH-RH(1-28)AGM (MZ-2-57), and [Dat1, Ala15, D-Lys21, Nle27]GH-RH(1-28)Agm (MZ-2-75) were 4-6 times more active in vitro than GH-RH(1-29)NH2. In vivo, after i.v. administration, analog MZ-2-75 was equipotent and analogs MZ-2-159 and MZ-2-57 about twice as potent as the standard.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Estimation from PET data of transient changes in dopamine concentration induced by alcohol: support for a non-parametric signal estimation method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Constantinescu, C C; Yoder, K K; Normandin, M D; Morris, E D [Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (United States); Kareken, D A [Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (United States); Bouman, C A [Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (United States); O' Connor, S J [Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (United States)], E-mail: emorris@iupui.edu

2008-03-07

We previously developed a model-independent technique (non-parametric ntPET) for extracting the transient changes in neurotransmitter concentration from paired (rest and activation) PET studies with a receptor ligand. To provide support for our method, we introduced three hypotheses of validation based on work by Endres and Carson (1998 J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 18 1196-210) and Yoder et al (2004 J. Nucl. Med. 45 903-11), and tested them on experimental data. All three hypotheses describe relationships between the estimated free (synaptic) dopamine curves (F{sup DA}(t)) and the change in binding potential ({delta}BP). The veracity of the F{sup DA}(t) curves recovered by nonparametric ntPET is supported when the data adhere to the following hypothesized behaviors: (1) {delta}BP should decline with increasing DA peak time, (2) {delta}BP should increase as the strength of the temporal correlation between F{sup DA}(t) and the free raclopride (F{sup RAC}(t)) curve increases, (3) {delta}BP should decline linearly with the effective weighted availability of the receptor sites. We analyzed regional brain data from 8 healthy subjects who received two [{sup 11}C]raclopride scans: one at rest, and one during which unanticipated IV alcohol was administered to stimulate dopamine release. For several striatal regions, nonparametric ntPET was applied to recover F{sup DA}(t), and binding potential values were determined. Kendall rank-correlation analysis confirmed that the F{sup DA}(t) data followed the expected trends for all three validation hypotheses. Our findings lend credence to our model-independent estimates of F{sup DA}(t). Application of nonparametric ntPET may yield important insights into how alterations in timing of dopaminergic neurotransmission are involved in the pathologies of addiction and other psychiatric disorders.

De moeder mag zeggen waar ze haar baby krijgt

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kingma, E.M.

2012-01-01

Soms nemen aanstaande moeders beslissingen die niet in het belang van hun aanstaande kind lijken te zijn. Zoals thuis willen bevallen bij een stuitligging of een tweeling. Mag dat? Ja, dat mag. Zelfs als dat betekent dat de aanstaande baby een groot risico loopt om dood te gaan of blijvende schade

Developing a data acquisition system for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant's in situ tests

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McIlmoyle, J.T.; Matalucci, R.V.; Ogden, H.C.

1986-01-01

The US Department of Energy is developing the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in southeastern New Mexico as an R and D facility to demonstrate the safe disposal of radioactive wastes from US defense programs. The in situ tests associated with this facility (659 m below the surface) address technical issues of thermal/structural interaction, waste package performance, and plugging and sealing. Data from these tests are collected by a Data Acquisition System (DAS) consisting of two distinct entities that use the IEEE-488 bus for communication. Up to 5000 data channels can be recorded every 4 hr from extensometers, stressmeters, thermocouples, closure gages, and other special gages. The DAS consists of a multitasking and multiuser ModComp computer housed in a surface trailer that converts the data to engineering units, stores the data in raw and converted form, and provides quick-look plots and data listings. The other part of the DAS consists of the seven underground remote enclosed instrument stations (sheds) located near each test room and up to 1800 m from the surface trailer that contains the instruments and signal conditioning to operate and monitor the tests. The ModComp system manages data acquisition and supports concurrently 12 on-line terminals and two dial-up access lines for data access, gage diagnostics, data handling and updating, and software development. Data are currently acquired from over 4000 gages with 15,000 defined measurands; the system can be expanded to 65,534 measurands. 4 refs., 7 figs

Residues and accumulation of molinate in rice crops and aquatic weeds in the MUDA rice agroecosystem

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nashriyah Mat; Sabri Junoh; Nuriati Nurdin; Ramli Ishak

2002-01-01

Plant and soil residue levels and its accumulation in rice crops and rice aquatic weed plants were studied. Molinate residue levels in rice, weeds and soil were not significantly different between the recycled and the non-recycled area, even though they were higher in the non-recycled area. In the rice plant, the residue level at 10 DAT (days after treatment) was significantly higher than 30 DAT in the recycled area. In rice aquatic weed plants, the residue level was significantly higher at 10 DAT as compared to 30 DAT in the non-recycled area. Molinate residue levels in soil at 10 DAT and 30 DAT were similar. Molinate accumulated (ratio of molinate concentration in plant over soil) more in the rice crop as compared to rice aquatic weeds at 10 DAT, in both the recycled and the non-recycled areas. (Author)

C-VAT – Clinical Video game Addiction Test: een diagnostisch instrument voor het herkennen van gameverslaving in de klinische praktijk.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rooij, A.J. van; Duin, L. van; Frielink, N.; DeFuentes-Merillas, L.; Schoenmakers, T.M.

2012-01-01

In de Nederlandse verslavingszorg worden hulpverleners in toenemende mate geconfronteerd met een hulpvraag op het gebied van ‘gameverslaving’. Tot nu toe is er echter geen diagnostisch instrument dat gebruikt kan worden om het probleem goed in kaart te brengen. Dit artikel bespreekt de ontwikkeling

Visceral Leishmaniasis in Iran: Review of the Epidemiological and Clinical Features

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mehdi Mohebali

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Visceral leishmaniasis (VL is a life-threatening vector-borne parasitic dis­ease is distributed in some parts of the new world and old world. The disease is endemic in different parts of Iran. This review article has been focused on major topics of epidemio­logical aspects and clinical features of VL in Iran for the period of 2002 through 2012. For the detection of VL in humans as well as animal reservoir hosts, anti-Leishmania antibodies were detected using direct agglutination test (DAT as a validated serological test. Parasitological examinations were performed on suspected VL patients as well as canines and rodents. Different molecular methods were used for identification of species and genotype/ or strain of Leishmania spp. isolated from infected humans, animal reser­voir hosts and vectors. Altogether, 1698 out of 36081 (4.7% human serum samples collected from 5 distinct geographical zones showed anti-Leishmania antibodies at ti­ters≥1:3200 using DAT. The majority of VL cases in the endemic areas were found among children up to 12 years old. Almost 75% of DAT-positive cases (≥1:3200 in en­demic areas showed clinical signs and symptoms. Predominant signs and symptoms in 217 hospitalized patients with DAT positive (≥1:3200 results included paleness (99.5%, fever (96.9%, splenomegaly (91.5%, hepatomegaly (53.6% and lymphadenopathy (21.1%. Integrated VL surveillance system in primary care using DAT, could decrease mortality and morbidity of the disease in the VL endemic areas of the northwestern Iran. Out of 7204 serum samples collected from domestic dogs in various geographical loca­tions of Iran, 879 (12.2% were DAT sero-positive at titers≥1:320. L. infantum as the prin­cipal causative agent of the disease was isolated from infected humans, domestic and wild canines and rodents. The principal animal reservoir hosts of the infection are domestic and wild canines. Ph. kandelakii, Ph. perfiliewi transcaucasicus, Ph. tobbi in

The invasion of Iraq: a challenge to the Charter Prohibition of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

As 'n rede vir die inval is aangevoer dat Irak oor wapens van massavernietiging beskik wat 'n gevaar vir die wereld daarstel, en dat dit daarom noodsaaklik was om Irak militer te oorweldig en te ontwapen. Daar is ook daarop gesteun dat President Saddam Hussein 'n roekelose diktator is, en dat 'n regimeverandering tot ...

Trapping of cis-2-butene-1,4-dial to measure furan metabolism in human liver microsomes by cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Science.gov (United States)

Gates, Leah A; Lu, Ding; Peterson, Lisa A

2012-03-01

Furan is a liver toxicant and carcinogen in rodents. It is classified as a possible human carcinogen, but the human health effects of furan exposure remain unknown. The oxidation of furan by cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes is necessary for furan toxicity. The product of this reaction is the reactive α,β-unsaturated dialdehyde, cis-2-butene-1,4-dial (BDA). To determine whether human liver microsomes metabolize furan to BDA, a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to detect and quantify BDA by trapping this reactive metabolite with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and N-acetyl-l-lysine (NAL). Reaction of NAC and NAL with BDA generates N-acetyl-S-[1-(5-acetylamino-5-carboxypentyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]-l-cysteine (NAC-BDA-NAL). Formation of NAC-BDA-NAL was quantified in 21 different human liver microsomal preparations. The levels of metabolism were comparable to that observed in F-344 rat and B6C3F1 mouse liver microsomes, two species known to be sensitive to furan-induced toxicity. Studies with recombinant human liver P450s indicated that CYP2E1 is the most active human liver furan oxidase. The activity of CYP2E1 as measured by p-nitrophenol hydroxylase activity was correlated to the extent of NAC-BDA-NAL formation in human liver microsomes. The formation of NAC-BDA-NAL was blocked by CYP2E1 inhibitors but not other P450 inhibitors. These results suggest that humans are capable of oxidizing furan to its toxic metabolite, BDA, at rates comparable to those of species sensitive to furan exposure. Therefore, humans may be susceptible to furan's toxic effects.

Euro NCAP : een veiligheidsinstrument.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

2007-01-01

Het programma Euro NCAP test sinds 1996 de (bots)veiligheid van de meest gangbare personen-auto’s. Het feit dat de testresultaten bekend zijn bij de consumenten stimuleert de autofabrikanten om personenauto’s produceren die veelal veiliger zijn dan wettelijk is vereist. Euro NCAP test de

Impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease: decreased striatal dopamine transporter levels.

Science.gov (United States)

Voon, Valerie; Rizos, Alexandra; Chakravartty, Riddhika; Mulholland, Nicola; Robinson, Stephanie; Howell, Nicholas A; Harrison, Neil; Vivian, Gill; Ray Chaudhuri, K

2014-02-01

Impulse control disorders are commonly associated with dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). PD patients with impulse control disorders demonstrate enhanced dopamine release to conditioned cues and a gambling task on [(11)C]raclopride positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and enhanced ventral striatal activity to reward on functional MRI. We compared PD patients with impulse control disorders and age-matched and gender-matched controls without impulse control disorders using [(123)I]FP-CIT (2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), to assess striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) density. The [(123)I]FP-CIT binding data in the striatum were compared between 15 PD patients with and 15 without impulse control disorders using independent t tests. Those with impulse control disorders showed significantly lower DAT binding in the right striatum with a trend in the left (right: F(1,24)=5.93, p=0.02; left: F(1,24)=3.75, p=0.07) compared to controls. Our findings suggest that greater dopaminergic striatal activity in PD patients with impulse control disorders may be partly related to decreased uptake and clearance of dopamine from the synaptic cleft. Whether these findings are related to state or trait effects is not known. These findings dovetail with reports of lower DAT levels secondary to the effects of methamphetamine and alcohol. Although any regulation of DAT by antiparkinsonian medication appears to be modest, PD patients with impulse control disorders may be differentially sensitive to regulatory mechanisms of DAT expression by dopaminergic medications.

Molecular dynamics of conformation-specific dopamine transporter-inhibitor complexes.

Science.gov (United States)

Jean, Bernandie; Surratt, Christopher K; Madura, Jeffry D

2017-09-01

The recreational psychostimulant cocaine inhibits dopamine reuptake from the synapse, resulting in excessive stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine receptors in brain areas associated with reward and addiction. Cocaine binds to and stabilizes the outward- (extracellular-) facing conformation of the dopamine transporter (DAT) protein, while the low abuse potential DAT inhibitor benztropine prefers the inward- (cytoplasmic-) facing conformation. A correlation has been previously postulated between psychostimulant abuse potential and preference for the outward-facing DAT conformation. The 3β-aryltropane cocaine analogs LX10 and LX11, however, differ only in stereochemistry and share a preference for the outward-facing DAT, yet are reported to vary widely in abuse potential in an animal model. In search of the molecular basis for DAT conformation preference, complexes of cocaine, benztropine, LX10 or LX11 bound to each DAT conformation were subjected to 100ns of all-atom molecular dynamics simulation. Results were consistent with previous findings from cysteine accessibility assays used to assess an inhibitor's DAT conformation preference. The respective 2β- and 2α-substituted phenyltropanes of LX10 and LX11 interacted with hydrophobic regions of the DAT S1 binding site that were inaccessible to cocaine. Solvent accessibility measurements also revealed subtle differences in inhibitor positioning within a given DAT conformation. This work serves to advance our understanding of the conformational selectivity of DAT inhibitors and suggests that MD may be useful in antipsychostimulant therapeutic design. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Effect of Corydalis Rhizoma and L-tetrahydropalmatine on dopamine system of hippocampus and striatum in morphine-induced conditioned place preference rats].

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Shou-Yang; Bai, Wei-Feng; Tu, Ping; Qiu, Cheng-Kai; Yang, Pei-Run; Luo, Su-Yuan

2016-10-01

To investigate the effects of Corydalis Rhizoma and L-tetrahydropalma-tine (L-THP) on the levels of dopamine neurotransmitter (DA), dopamine transporter (DAT) and the second dopamine receptor (D2R) in learning and memory-related brain areas, hippocampus and striatum, the DA, DAT and D2R were detected in conditioned place preference (CPP) rats suffered from morphine. And comparation the degree of similarity and consistency of the pharmacological effects was also studied. The rats were trained in black compartments and white ones (drug-paired compartment) with the increasing doses of morphine for 10 days (hypodermically injected from 10 mg•kg⁻¹ to 100 mg•kg⁻¹). Models of CPP were validated in those psychological dependence rats after 48 h training. The dopamine contents were detected as soon as the materials of hippocampus and striatum are harvested from rats of NS control group and model group. The DAT and D2R levels are measured by Western blot. The high, medium and low dose group of Corydalis Rhizoma are given Corydalis Rhizoma 2, 1, 0.5 g•kg⁻¹ water extraction liquid respectively (which contains L-THP were 0.274, 0.137 and 0.137 mg respectively), and the high, medium and low dose group of L-THP were given L-THP 3.76, 1.88, 0.94 mg•kg⁻¹ lavage treatment respectively, NS treatment group were lavaged normal saline for 6 days and they were killed after test of CPP, again tested DA levels and expression of DAT and D2R similar to the front of materials. The reduction effects of CPP were observed in the groups of both Corydalis Rhizoma (2, 1 g•kg⁻¹) and L-THP (3.76, 1.88 mg•kg⁻¹) subjected to medicine for 6 days (Peffect of L-THP. The similar effects were observed on the neurotransmitter dopamine, DAT and D2R in learning and memory-related brain areas, hippocampus and striatum of the morphine- dependent rats. Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Ctr9, a Protein in the Transcription Complex Paf1, Regulates Dopamine Transporter Activity at the Plasma Membrane.

Science.gov (United States)

De Gois, Stéphanie; Slama, Patrick; Pietrancosta, Nicolas; Erdozain, Amaia M; Louis, Franck; Bouvrais-Veret, Caroline; Daviet, Laurent; Giros, Bruno

2015-07-17

Dopamine (DA) is a major regulator of sensorimotor and cognitive functions. The DA transporter (DAT) is the key protein that regulates the spatial and temporal activity of DA release into the synaptic cleft via the rapid reuptake of DA into presynaptic termini. Several lines of evidence have suggested that transporter-interacting proteins may play a role in DAT function and regulation. Here, we identified the tetratricopeptide repeat domain-containing protein Ctr9 as a novel DAT binding partner using a yeast two-hybrid system. We showed that Ctr9 is expressed in dopaminergic neurons and forms a stable complex with DAT in vivo via GST pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation assays. In mammalian cells co-expressing both proteins, Ctr9 partially colocalizes with DAT at the plasma membrane. This interaction between DAT and Ctr9 results in a dramatic enhancement of DAT-mediated DA uptake due to an increased number of DAT transporters at the plasma membrane. We determined that the binding of Ctr9 to DAT requires residues YKF in the first half of the DAT C terminus. In addition, we characterized Ctr9, providing new insight into this protein. Using three-dimensional modeling, we identified three novel tetratricopeptide repeat domains in the Ctr9 sequence, and based on deletion mutation experiments, we demonstrated the role of the SH2 domain of Ctr9 in nuclear localization. Our results demonstrate that Ctr9 localization is not restricted to the nucleus, as previously described for the transcription complex Paf1. Taken together, our data provide evidence that Ctr9 modulates DAT function by regulating its trafficking. © 2015 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Flipped Phenyl Ring Orientations of Dopamine Binding with Human and Drosophila Dopamine Transporters: Remarkable Role of Three Nonconserved Residues.

Science.gov (United States)

Yuan, Yaxia; Zhu, Jun; Zhan, Chang-Guo

2018-03-09

Molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulations were performed in the present study to examine the modes of dopamine binding with human and Drosophila dopamine transporters (hDAT and dDAT). The computational data revealed flipped binding orientations of dopamine in hDAT and dDAT due to the major differences in three key residues (S149, G153, and A423 of hDAT vs A117, D121, and S422 of dDAT) in the binding pocket. These three residues dictate the binding orientation of dopamine in the binding pocket, as the aromatic ring of dopamine tends to take an orientation with both the para- and meta-hydroxyl groups being close to polar residues and away from nonpolar residues of the protein. The flipped binding orientations of dopamine in hDAT and dDAT clearly demonstrate a generally valuable insight concerning how the species difference could drastically affect the protein-ligand binding modes, demonstrating that the species difference, which is a factor rarely considered in early drug design stage, must be accounted for throughout the ligand/drug design and discovery processes in general.

Effect of ghrelin on the motor deficit caused by the ablation of nigrostriatal dopaminergic cells or the inhibition of striatal dopamine receptors.

Science.gov (United States)

Suda, Yukari; Kuzumaki, Naoko; Narita, Michiko; Hamada, Yusuke; Shibasaki, Masahiro; Tanaka, Kenichi; Tamura, Hideki; Kawamura, Takashi; Kondo, Takashige; Yamanaka, Akihiro; Narita, Minoru

2018-02-19

Ghrelin plays roles in a wide range of central functions by activating the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). This receptor has recently been found in the substantia nigra (SN) to control dopamine (DA)-related physiological functions. The dysregulation of DA neurons in the SN pars compacta (SNc) and the consequent depletion of striatal DA are known to underlie the motor deficits observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, we further investigated the role of the SN-ghrelin system in motor function under the stereotaxic injection of AAV-CMV-FLEX-diphtheria toxin A (DTA) into the SN of dopamine transporter (DAT)-Cre (DAT SN ::DTA) mice to expunge DA neurons of the SNc. First, we confirmed the dominant expression of GHSR1a, which is a functional GHSR, in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive DA neurons in the SNc of control mice. In DAT SN ::DTA mice, we clearly observed motor dysfunction using several behavioral tests. An immunohistochemical study revealed a dramatic loss of TH-positive DA neurons in the SNc and DAT-labeled axon terminals in the striatum, and an absence of mRNAs for TH and DAT in the SN of DAT SN ::DTA mice. The mRNA level of GHSR1a was drastically decreased in the SN of these mice. In normal mice, we also found the mRNA expression of GHSR1a within GABAergic neurons in the SN pars reticulata (SNr). Under these conditions, a single injection of ghrelin into the SN failed to improve the motor deficits caused by ablation of the nigrostriatal DA network using DAT SN ::DTA mice, whereas intra-SN injection of ghrelin suppressed the motor dysfunction caused by the administration of haloperidol, which is associated with the transient inhibition of DA transmission. These findings suggest that phasic activation of the SNc-ghrelin system could improve the dysregulation of nigrostriatal DA transmission related to the initial stage of PD, but not the motor deficits under the depletion of nigrostriatal DA. Although GHSRs are found in non

The human dopamine transporter forms a tetramer in the plasma membrane: cross-linking of a cysteine in the fourth transmembrane segment is sensitive to cocaine analogs.

Science.gov (United States)

Hastrup, Hanne; Sen, Namita; Javitch, Jonathan A

2003-11-14

Using cysteine cross-linking, we demonstrated previously that the dopamine transporter (DAT) is at least a homodimer, with the extracellular end of transmembrane segment (TM) 6 at a symmetrical dimer interface. We have now explored the possibility that DAT exists as a higher order oligomer in the plasma membrane. Cysteine cross-linking of wild type DAT resulted in bands on SDS-PAGE consistent with dimer, trimer, and tetramer, suggesting that DAT forms a tetramer in the plasma membrane. A cysteine-depleted DAT (CD-DAT) into which only Cys243 or Cys306 was reintroduced was cross-linked to dimer, suggesting that these endogenous cysteines in TM4 and TM6, respectively, were cross-linked at a symmetrical dimer interface. Reintroduction of both Cys243 and Cys306 into CD-DAT led to a pattern of cross-linking indistinguishable from that of wild type, with dimer, trimer, and tetramer bands. This indicated that the TM4 interface and the TM6 interface are distinct and further suggested that DAT may exist in the plasma membrane as a dimer of dimers, with two symmetrical homodimer interfaces. The cocaine analog MFZ 2-12 and other DAT inhibitors, including benztropine and mazindol, protected Cys243 against cross-linking. In contrast, two substrates of DAT, dopamine and tyramine, did not significantly impact cross-linking. We propose that the impairment of cross-linking produced by the inhibitors results from a conformational change at the TM4 interface, further demonstrating that these compounds are not neutral blockers but by themselves have effects on the structure of the transporter.

The study on the lidar's detection limit for Iodine Gas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Dong-lyul; Baik, Seung-Hoon; Park, Seung-Kyu; Park, Nak-Gyu; Ahn, Yong-Jin [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-05-15

A powerful and reliable tool for range-resolved remote sensing of gas concentrations that has proven its capabilities in a variety of studies is the differential absorption lidar (DIAL). Differential absorption lidar (DIAL) is frequently used for atmospheric gas monitoring to detect impurities such as nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, iodine, and ozone. DIAL can measure air pollutant concentrations with a high spatial resolution by adopting two laser systems with different degrees of absorption between the two different wavelengths. The absorption of the reference wavelength is very weak, while the absorption of the other wavelength is very strong. In this paper, we measured the limit of detection capability of our designed DIAL system. The DIAL measurements were performed using a target iodine cell in the laboratory. We confirmed that the concentration of iodine gas ratio increased after the laser passed through the iodine cell. The system of DIAL(Differential Absorption Lidar) was effective to detect the iodine gas. We obtained the signals from the iodine target cell and the lidar signal from the iodine target cell was proportional to frequency locking ratios.

Clinical usefulness of dopamine transporter imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jong Min; Kim, Yu Kyeong; Kim, Sang Eun; Jeon, Beom S.

2007-01-01

Imaging of the dopamine transporter (DAT) provides a marker for the integrity of presynaptic nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. DAT density is reduced in Parkinson disease, multiple system atrophy, and progressive supranuclear palsy. In patients with suspicious parkinsonism, normal DAT imaging suggests an alternative diagnosis such as essential tremor, vascular parkinsonism, or drug-induced parkinsonism. DAT imaging is a useful tool to aid clinician's differential diagnosis in parkinsonism

3,5-Diamino-1,2,4-triazole@electrochemically reduced graphene oxide film modified electrode for the electrochemical determination of 4-nitrophenol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, Deivasigamani Ranjith; Kesavan, Srinivasan; Baynosa, Marjorie Lara; Shim, Jae-Jin

2017-01-01

Highlights: •Triazole film was formed on electrochemically reduced graphene oxide. •pDAT@ERGO/GC was utilized for the electrochemical determination of 4-nitrophenol. •pDAT@ERGO/GC electrode offered wide concentration and nanomolar detection limit. •The fabricated electrode was employed in water sample analyses. -- Abstract: In this study, an eco-friendly benign method for the modification of electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) on glassy carbon (GC) surface and electrochemical polymerized 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole (DAT) film composite (pDAT@ERGO/GC) electrode was developed. The surface morphologies of the pDAT@ERGO/GC modified electrode were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). FESEM images indicated that the ERGO supported pDAT has an almost homogeneous morphology structure with a size of 70 to 80 nm. It is due to the water oxidation reaction occurred while pDAT@ERGO/GC fabrication peak at +1.4 V leads to O 2 evolution and oxygen functional group functionalization on ERGO, which confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In contrast, the bare GC modified with pDAT showed randomly arranged irregular bulky morphology structure compared to those of pDAT@ERGO/GC. Electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The pDAT@ERGO/GC modified electrode was used for the electrochemical determination of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The 4-NP oxidation peak was observed at +0.25 V, and the differential pulse voltammetry demonstrated wide concentration range (5–1500 μM), high sensitivity (0.7113 μA μM −1 ), and low limit of detection (37 nM). Moreover, the pDAT@ERGO/GC electrode was applied to real water sample analysis by standard addition method, where in good recoveries (97.8% to 102.4%) were obtained.

Level densities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ignatyuk, A.V.

1998-01-01

For any applications of the statistical theory of nuclear reactions it is very important to obtain the parameters of the level density description from the reliable experimental data. The cumulative numbers of low-lying levels and the average spacings between neutron resonances are usually used as such data. The level density parameters fitted to such data are compiled in the RIPL Starter File for the tree models most frequently used in practical calculations: i) For the Gilber-Cameron model the parameters of the Beijing group, based on a rather recent compilations of the neutron resonance and low-lying level densities and included into the beijing-gc.dat file, are chosen as recommended. As alternative versions the parameters provided by other groups are given into the files: jaeri-gc.dat, bombay-gc.dat, obninsk-gc.dat. Additionally the iljinov-gc.dat, and mengoni-gc.dat files include sets of the level density parameters that take into account the damping of shell effects at high energies. ii) For the backed-shifted Fermi gas model the beijing-bs.dat file is selected as the recommended one. Alternative parameters of the Obninsk group are given in the obninsk-bs.dat file and those of Bombay in bombay-bs.dat. iii) For the generalized superfluid model the Obninsk group parameters included into the obninsk-bcs.dat file are chosen as recommended ones and the beijing-bcs.dat file is included as an alternative set of parameters. iv) For the microscopic approach to the level densities the files are: obninsk-micro.for -FORTRAN 77 source for the microscopical statistical level density code developed in Obninsk by Ignatyuk and coworkers, moller-levels.gz - Moeller single-particle level and ground state deformation data base, moller-levels.for -retrieval code for Moeller single-particle level scheme. (author)

Analýza nestrukturovaných dat z bankovních stránek na sociální síti Facebook

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucie Šperková

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Sociální sítě jako novodobý kanál pro sdílení online Word of Mouth představuje pro bankovní společnosti příležitost, jak analyzovat komunikaci a názory svých zákazníků, které zde veřejně sdílejí. Článek ukazuje proces a výsledky pokročilé kontextové analýzy těchto nestrukturovaných dat vybraných veřejných bankovních stránek na sociální síti Facebook. Analýza zákaznických názorů, problémů a přání může hrát významnou roli pro pozici těchto společností na trhu a jejich orientaci na zákazníky. Využity byly metody shlukování a sentiment analýz, výsledky odrážejí stav chování zákazníků a bank na této síti. Článek zdůrazňuje důležitost problematiky Word of Mouth a jeho analýz informačními technologiemi. Zároveň diskutuje, jak analýza kontextu může přenést marketing na další úroveň identifikace zákazníkova chování a jeho vztahu ke společnosti.

NOVEL FLUORESCENT PROBES FOR THE DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cha, J; Vægter, Christian Bjerggaard; Adkins, Erica

-reactive rhodamine red derivatives. The resulting N-substituted (JHC 1-64) and 2-substituted (JHC 1-53) ligands showed high affinity binding to DAT expressed in HEK 293 cells (Ki= 6.4 and 29 nM, respectively). Their ability to selectively label the DAT was demonstrated by confocal laser scanning microscopy of HEK......To enable visualization of the dopamine transporter (DAT) through fluorescence technologies we have synthesized a novel series of fluorescently tagged analogs of cocaine. Previous structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies have demonstrated that the dopamine transporter (DAT) can tolerate...... in untransfected control cells. The possibility of using these ligands for direct labeling of the DAT in living cells represents a new and important approach for understanding cellular targeting and trafficking of the DAT. Moreover, these fluorescent ligands might also provide the molecular tools...

The monoaminergic pathways and inhibition of monoamine transporters interfere with the antidepressive-like behavior of ketamine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana

2018-06-01

Full Text Available Ketamine (KET, a NMDA receptor antagonist, has been studied for its rapid and efficacious antidepressant effect, even for the treatment-resistant depression. Although depression is a major cause of disability worldwide, the treatment can be feasible, affordable and cost-effective, decreasing the population health burden. We evaluated the antidepressive-like effects of KET and its actions on monoamine contents (DA and its metabolites, as well as 5-HT and on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH. In addition DAT and SERT (DA and 5-HT transporters, respectively were also assessed. Male Swiss mice were divided into Control and KET-treated groups. The animals were acutely treated with KET (2, 5 or 10 mg/kg, i.p. and subjected to the forced swimming test, for evaluation of the antidepressive-like behavior. Imipramine and fluoxetine were used as references. The results showed that KET decreased dose-dependently the immobility time and shortly after the test, the animals were euthanized for striatal dissections and monoamine determinations. In addition, the brain (striata, hippocampi and prefrontal cortices was immunohistochemically processed for TH, DAT and SERT. KET at its higher dose increased DA and its metabolites (DOPAC and HVA and mainly 5-HT contents, in mice striata, effects associated with increases in TH and decreases in DAT immunoreactivities. Furthermore, reductions in SERT immunoreactivities were observed in the striatum and hippocampus. The results indicate that KET antidepressive-like effect probably involves, among other factors, monoaminergic pathways, as suggested by the increased striatal TH immunoreactivity and reduced brain DA (DAT and 5-HT (SERT transporters. Keywords: Ketamine, Antidepressive effect, Dopaminergic neurotransmission, Serotonergic neurotransmission, Monoamine transporters

Changes of EEG and CT findings in patients with dementia of Alzheimer type

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shinohara, Masao; Higashidani, Yoshiaki; Kawakatsu, Shinobu; Totsuka, Shirou; Ariumi, Kiyohiko; Kinoshita, Osami.

1992-01-01

Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 39 patients with dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) and 16 normal subjects. Three CT parameters, including the Sylvian fissure/brain area (SBR) ratio, the lateral ventricle/brain area (VBR) ratio, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the third ventricle to the intracranial diameter (III V), were examined in terms of the severity of DAT and electroencephalograms (EEG). All of the CT parameters were significantly increased in the group of patients with severe DAT. They were also correlated with intelligence test scores obtained by the Hasegawa Dementia Scale and the Gottfries-Brane-Steen Scale. The intelligence test scores became worse with increasing cerebral atrophy. There was a strong correlation between the III V ratio and both VBR and SBR ratios; however, there was no correlation between VBR and SBR ratios. SBR ratio was well correlated with δ-, θ-, and β 1-percentage power fraction (PPF) in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes on the left side, and slightly correlated with δ- and α-PPF in the frontal lobe alone on the right side. For all of the four lobes, VBR was correlated with δ-PPF on the left side and δ- and β 1-PPF on the right side. III V ratio was correlated with δ-PPF in the bilateral four lobes and α 1-PPF and α 2-PPF in the four lobes on the left side and in the three lobes on the right side. The aforementioned correlation between CT and PPF suggests the strong involvement of subcortical disturbance in the abnormality on EEG in patients with DAT. (N.K.)

Changes of EEG and CT findings in patients with dementia of Alzheimer type

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shinohara, Masao; Higashidani, Yoshiaki; Kawakatsu, Shinobu; Totsuka, Shirou [Yamagata Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Medicine; Ariumi, Kiyohiko; Kinoshita, Osami

1992-01-01

Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 39 patients with dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) and 16 normal subjects. Three CT parameters, including the Sylvian fissure/brain area (SBR) ratio, the lateral ventricle/brain area (VBR) ratio, and the ratio of the maximum diameter of the third ventricle to the intracranial diameter (III V), were examined in terms of the severity of DAT and electroencephalograms (EEG). All of the CT parameters were significantly increased in the group of patients with severe DAT. They were also correlated with intelligence test scores obtained by the Hasegawa Dementia Scale and the Gottfries-Brane-Steen Scale. The intelligence test scores became worse with increasing cerebral atrophy. There was a strong correlation between the III V ratio and both VBR and SBR ratios; however, there was no correlation between VBR and SBR ratios. SBR ratio was well correlated with {delta}-, {theta}-, and {beta} 1-percentage power fraction (PPF) in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes on the left side, and slightly correlated with {delta}- and {alpha}-PPF in the frontal lobe alone on the right side. For all of the four lobes, VBR was correlated with {delta}-PPF on the left side and {delta}- and {beta} 1-PPF on the right side. III V ratio was correlated with {delta}-PPF in the bilateral four lobes and {alpha} 1-PPF and {alpha} 2-PPF in the four lobes on the left side and in the three lobes on the right side. The aforementioned correlation between CT and PPF suggests the strong involvement of subcortical disturbance in the abnormality on EEG in patients with DAT. (N.K.).

Reliability data collection and use in risk and availability assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colombari, V.

1989-01-01

For EuReDatA it is a prevailing objective to initiate and support contact between experts, companies and institutions active in reliability engineering and research. Main topics of this 6th EuReDatA Conference are: Reliability data banks; incidents data banks; common cause data; source and propagation of uncertainties; computer aided risk analysis; reliability and incidents data acquisition and processing; human reliability; probabilistic safety and availability assessment; feedback of reliability into system design; data fusion; reliability modeling and techniques; structural and mechanical reliability; consequence modeling; software and electronic reliability; reliability tests. Some conference papers are separately indexed in the database. (HP)

Mechanisms of breathing instability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Science.gov (United States)

Younes, Magdy; Ostrowski, Michele; Atkar, Raj; Laprairie, John; Siemens, Andrea; Hanly, Patrick

2007-12-01

The response to chemical stimuli (chemical responsiveness) and the increases in respiratory drive required for arousal (arousal threshold) and for opening the airway without arousal (effective recruitment threshold) are important determinants of ventilatory instability and, hence, severity of obstructive apnea. We measured these variables in 21 obstructive apnea patients (apnea-hypopnea index 91 +/- 24 h(-1)) while on continuous-positive-airway pressure. During sleep, pressure was intermittently reduced (dial down) to induce severe hypopneas. Dial downs were done on room air and following approximately 30 s of breathing hypercapneic and/or hypoxic mixtures, which induced a range of ventilatory stimulation before dial down. Ventilation just before dial down and flow during dial down were measured. Chemical responsiveness, estimated as the percent increase in ventilation during the 5(th) breath following administration of 6% CO(2) combined with approximately 4% desaturation, was large (187 +/- 117%). Arousal threshold, estimated as the percent increase in ventilation associated with a 50% probability of arousal, ranged from 40% to >268% and was chemical drive. Effective recruitment threshold, estimated as percent increase in pre-dial-down ventilation associated with a significant increase in dial-down flow, ranged from zero to >174% and was chemical drive, but instability results because of a low arousal threshold and a brisk increase in drive following brief reduction in alveolar ventilation.

Arbitrary and semantic associations in subjective memory impairment and amnestic mild cognitive impairment among Taiwanese individuals: A cross-sectional study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hsin-Te Chang

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Background/Purpose: Researchers have recently proposed a preclinical stage of dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT, referred to as subjective memory impairment (SMI, with the aim of developing methods for the early detection of DAT and subsequent intervention. It has been proposed that the objective memory functions of individuals with SMI are normal; however, arbitrary and semantic associations are both used to describe the processes of memory. No previous studies have investigated these processes among individuals with SMI. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was used to compare the memory function of individuals with SMI, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, or DAT. One hundred and eighty-three participants were recruited from the Memory Clinic of National Taiwan University Hospital and communities in northern Taiwan, including individuals with no memory complaints (HC, n = 30 and individuals with SMI (n = 61, aMCI-single domain (n = 24, aMCI-multiple domain (n = 33, or DAT (n = 35. The Word Sequence Learning Test (WSLT was used to assess the formation of arbitrary associations and the Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Third Edition was used to assess the formation of semantic associations. Results: Compared to the HC group, the SMI group performed poorly only on the WSLT, whereas the other groups performed poorly on both of the memory tasks. This study demonstrated that SMI individuals tend to perform poorly in the formation of arbitrary associations. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that tasks requiring arbitrary associations may provide greater sensitivity in the detection cognitive changes associated with preclinical DAT. Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, Mild cognitive impairment, Neuropsychology, Dementia

The effect of organisational restructuring on job satisfaction, career aspirations and stress levels of employees

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E. N. Marais

1996-06-01

Full Text Available The field study reported here examined the effects of organisational restructuring on employees' job satisfaction, career aspirations and stress levels. Immediately after restructuring took place in the organisation, the employees affected by this advent were tested to determine whether restructuring would impact on the three variables. Eight months after restructuring in the organisation took place their job satisfaction, career aspirations and stress levels were measured again. The results of the research indicated no changes in job satisfaction levels, career aspirations or stress levels. The results provided no support for the expectation that after a time lapse of eight months the effects or organisational restructuring would diminish and that workers would experience a greater degree of job satisfaction. In addition, it would appear that the time lapse did not improve perceived career prospects or that stress levels decreased. Opsomming Die navorsing wat hier gerapporteer word/ het die effek van organisatoriese herstrukturering op werknemers se werkstevredenheid, loopbaanaspirasies en spanningsvlakke ondersoek. Onmiddellik nadat herstrukturering in die organisasie plaasgcvind het, is die werknemers wat deur die herstrukturering geraak is, getoets om vas te stel of herstrukturering 'n impak op die drie veranderlikes sou hê. Agt maande later is hul werkstevredenheid, loopbaanaspirasies en spanningsvlakke weer gemeet. Daar is gevind dat die werknemers se reaksie op organisatoriese herstrukturering onveranderd gebly het. Die resultate het geen steun verleen aan die verwagting dat die tydsverloop van agt maande die effek van organisatoriese herstrukturering sal verminder nie en dat werknemers tot 'n groter mate werkstevredenheid sal ervaar nie. Dit blyk verder dat die tydsverloop ook nie verbeterde loopbaanvooruitsigte tot gevolg gehad het of dat die werknemers se spanningsvlakke verlaag het nie.

Towards trans-diagnostic mechanisms in psychiatry: neurobehavioral profile of rats with a loss-of-function point mutation in the dopamine transporter gene

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Valentina Vengeliene

2017-04-01

Full Text Available The research domain criteria (RDoC matrix has been developed to reorient psychiatric research towards measurable behavioral dimensions and underlying mechanisms. Here, we used a new genetic rat model with a loss-of-function point mutation in the dopamine transporter (DAT gene (Slc6a3_N157K to systematically study the RDoC matrix. First, we examined the impact of the Slc6a3_N157K mutation on monoaminergic signaling. We then performed behavioral tests representing each of the five RDoC domains: negative and positive valence systems, cognitive, social and arousal/regulatory systems. The use of RDoC may be particularly helpful for drug development. We studied the effects of a novel pharmacological approach metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR2/3 antagonism, in DAT mutants in a comparative way with standard medications. Loss of DAT functionality in mutant rats not only elevated subcortical extracellular dopamine concentration but also altered the balance of monoaminergic transmission. DAT mutant rats showed deficits in all five RDoC domains. Thus, mutant rats failed to show conditioned fear responses, were anhedonic, were unable to learn stimulus-reward associations, showed impaired cognition and social behavior, and were hyperactive. Hyperactivity in mutant rats was reduced by amphetamine and atomoxetine, which are well-established medications to reduce hyperactivity in humans. The mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 also normalized hyperactivity in DAT mutant rats without affecting extracellular dopamine levels. We systematically characterized an altered dopamine system within the context of the RDoC matrix and studied mGluR2/3 antagonism as a new pharmacological strategy to treat mental disorders with underlying subcortical dopaminergic hyperactivity.

Low dopamine transporter occupancy by methylphenidate as a possible reason for reduced treatment effectiveness in ADHD patients with cocaine dependence.

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Crunelle, Cleo L; van den Brink, Wim; Veltman, Dick J; van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, Katelijne; Dom, Geert; Schoevers, Robert A; Booij, Jan

2013-12-01

Methylphenidate (MPH) occupies brain striatal dopamine transporters (DATs) and is an effective treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, patients with ADHD and comorbid cocaine dependence do not benefit significantly from treatment with MPH. To better understand the neurobiology of this phenomenon, we examined DAT availability and the effects of MPH treatment on DAT occupancy in ADHD patients with and without cocaine dependence. ADHD patients without a comorbid substance use disorder (N=16) and ADHD patients with comorbid cocaine dependence (N=8) were imaged at baseline and after two weeks MPH treatment using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with the DAT tracer [(123)I]FP-CIT. Changes in ADHD symptoms were measured with the ADHD symptom rating scale (ASRS). At baseline, we observed lower striatal DAT availability in ADHD patients with cocaine dependence. Following fixed MPH treatment, MPH occupied significantly less striatal DATs in cocaine-dependent than in non-cocaine dependent ADHD patients. There were no significant correlations between baseline DAT availability or DAT occupancy by MPH and ADHD symptom improvement. However, we did find significant correlations between DAT occupancy by MPH and decreases in impulsivity scores and years of cocaine use. These preliminary findings suggest that low DAT occupancy is not the reason why ADHD patients with cocaine dependence do not benefit from MPH treatment. It also suggests that higher dosages of MPH in these patients are probably not the solution and that medications directed at other pharmacological targets should be considered in these comorbid ADHD patients. This trial is registered at the Dutch Trial Register, www.trialregister.nl, under Trial ID number NTR3127. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.

Repeated administration of D-amphetamine induces loss of [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT binding to striatal dopamine transporters in rat brain: a validation study

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Booij, Jan [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam (Netherlands)]. E-mail: j.booij@amc.uva.nl; Bruin, Kora de [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam (Netherlands); Gunning, W. Boudewijn [Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Centre Kempenhaeghe, 5590 AB Heeze (Netherlands)

2006-04-15

In recent years, several PET and SPECT studies have shown loss of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding in amphetamine (AMPH) users. However, the use of DAT SPECT tracers to detect AMPH-induced changes in DAT binding has not been validated. We therefore examined if repeated administration of D-AMPH or methamphetamine (METH) may induce loss of binding to striatal DATs in rats by using an experimental biodistribution study design and a SPECT tracer for the DAT ([{sup 123}I]FP-CIT). Methods: Groups of male rats (n=10 per group) were treated with D-AMPH (10 mg/kg body weight), METH (10 mg/kg body weight), or saline, twice a day for 5 consecutive days. Five days later, [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT was injected intravenously, and 2 h later, the rats were sacrificed and radioactivity was assayed. Results: In D-AMPH but not METH-treated rats, striatal [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT uptake was significantly lower (approximately 17%) than in the control group. Conclusion: These data show that [{sup 123}I]FP-CIT can be used to detect AMPH-induced changes in DAT binding and may validate the use of DAT radiotracers to study AMPH-induced changes in striatal DAT binding in vivo.

Repeated administration of D-amphetamine induces loss of [123I]FP-CIT binding to striatal dopamine transporters in rat brain: a validation study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Booij, Jan; Bruin, Kora de; Gunning, W. Boudewijn

2006-01-01

In recent years, several PET and SPECT studies have shown loss of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding in amphetamine (AMPH) users. However, the use of DAT SPECT tracers to detect AMPH-induced changes in DAT binding has not been validated. We therefore examined if repeated administration of D-AMPH or methamphetamine (METH) may induce loss of binding to striatal DATs in rats by using an experimental biodistribution study design and a SPECT tracer for the DAT ([ 123 I]FP-CIT). Methods: Groups of male rats (n=10 per group) were treated with D-AMPH (10 mg/kg body weight), METH (10 mg/kg body weight), or saline, twice a day for 5 consecutive days. Five days later, [ 123 I]FP-CIT was injected intravenously, and 2 h later, the rats were sacrificed and radioactivity was assayed. Results: In D-AMPH but not METH-treated rats, striatal [ 123 I]FP-CIT uptake was significantly lower (approximately 17%) than in the control group. Conclusion: These data show that [ 123 I]FP-CIT can be used to detect AMPH-induced changes in DAT binding and may validate the use of DAT radiotracers to study AMPH-induced changes in striatal DAT binding in vivo

Role of the dopamine transporter in the action of psychostimulants, nicotine, and other drugs of abuse.

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Zhu, J; Reith, M E A

2008-11-01

A number of studies over the last two decades have demonstrated the critical importance of dopamine (DA) in the behavioral pharmacology and addictive properties of abused drugs. The DA transporter (DAT) is a major target for drugs of abuse in the category of psychostimulants, and for methylphenidate (MPH), a drug used for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which can also be a psychostimulant drug of abuse. Other drugs of abuse such as nicotine, ethanol, heroin and morphine interact with the DAT in more indirect ways. Despite the different ways in which drugs of abuse can affect DAT function, one evolving theme in all cases is regulation of the DAT at the level of surface expression. DAT function is dynamically regulated by multiple intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways and several protein-protein interactions. In addition, DAT expression is regulated through the removal (internalization) and recycling of the protein from the cell surface. Furthermore, recent studies have demonstrated that individual differences in response to novel environments and psychostimulants can be predicted based on individual basal functional DAT expression. Although current knowledge of multiple factors regulating DAT activity has greatly expanded, many aspects of this regulation remain to be elucidated; these data will enable efforts to identify drugs that might be used therapeutically for drug dependence therapeutics.

Antimetastatic Therapies of the Polysulfide Diallyl Trisulfide against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC via Suppressing MMP2/9 by Blocking NF-κB and ERK/MAPK Signaling Pathways.

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Yuping Liu

Full Text Available Migration and invasion are two crucial steps of tumor metastasis. Blockage of these steps may be an effective strategy to reduce the risk. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of diallyl trisulfide (DATS, a natural organosulfuric compound with most sulfur atoms found in garlic, on migration and invasion in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC cells. Molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of DATS were further investigated.MDA-MB-231 cells and HS 578t breast cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of DATS. DATS obviously suppressed the migration and invasion of two cell lines and changed the morphological. Moreover, DATS inhibited the mRNA/protein/ enzymes activities of MMP2/9 via attenuating the NF-κB pathway. DATS also inhibited ERK/MAPK rather than p38 and JNK.DATS inhibits MMP2/9 activity and the metastasis of TNBC cells, and emerges as a potential anti-cancer agent. The inhibitory effects are associated with down-regulation of the transcriptional activities of NF-κB and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways.

Inhibiting Invasion into Human Bladder Carcinoma 5637 Cells with Diallyl Trisulfide by Inhibiting Matrix Metalloproteinase Activities and Tightening Tight Junctions

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Yung Hyun Choi

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Diallyl trisulfide (DATS, an organosulfur compound in garlic, possesses pronounced anti-cancer potential. However, the anti-invasive mechanism of this compound in human bladder carcinoma is not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the anti-invasive effects of DATS on a human bladder carcinoma (5637 cell line and investigated the underlying mechanism. The results indicated that DATS suppressed migration and invasion of 5637 cells by reducing the activities and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9 at both the protein and mRNA levels. DATS treatment up-regulated expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in 5637 cells. The inhibitory effects of DATS on invasiveness were associated with an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance and repression of the levels of claudin family members. Although further studies are needed, our data demonstrate that DATS exhibits anti-invasive effects in 5637 cells by down-regulating the activity of tight junctions and MMPs. DATS may have future utility in clinical applications for treating bladder cancer.

Individual differences in impulsive action and dopamine transporter function in rat orbitofrontal cortex.

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Yates, J R; Darna, M; Beckmann, J S; Dwoskin, L P; Bardo, M T

2016-01-28

Impulsivity, which can be subdivided into impulsive action and impulsive choice, is implicated as a factor underlying drug abuse vulnerability. Although previous research has shown that dopamine (DA) systems in prefrontal cortex are involved in impulsivity and substance abuse, it is not known if inherent variation in DA transporter (DAT) function contributes to impulsivity. The current study determined if individual differences in either impulsive action or impulsive choice are related to DAT function in orbitofrontal (OFC) and/or medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Rats were first tested both for impulsive action in a cued go/no-go task and for impulsive choice in a delay-discounting task. Following behavioral evaluation, in vitro [(3)H]DA uptake assays were performed in OFC and mPFC isolated from individual rats. Vmax in OFC, but not mPFC, was correlated with performance in the cued go/no-go task, with decreased OFC DAT function being associated with high impulsive action. In contrast, Vmax in OFC and mPFC was not correlated with performance in the delay-discounting task. The current results demonstrate that impulsive behavior in cued go/no-go performance is associated with decreased DAT function in OFC, suggesting that hyperdopaminergic tone in this prefrontal subregion mediates, at least in part, increased impulsive action. Copyright © 2015 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nederlands pensioenstelsel verre van af

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Boot, A.

2008-01-01

Het Nederlandse pensioenstelsel wordt verblijd met een nieuw type pensioeninstelling, de API (Algemene Pensioeninstelling). In optimale vrijheid moet deze kunnen functioneren met een toezichtregime dat aansluit op zowel dat van verzekeraars als dat van pensioenfondsen. Het pensioenstelsel is daarmee

De democratische kwaliteit van gemeenteraadsverkiezingen’

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Boogers, Marcel; Reynaert, Herwig

2018-01-01

Gemeenteraadsverkiezingen horen ertoe bij te dragen dat het lokale beleid overeenkomt met de beleidsvoorkeuren van inwoners. Dat is immers de democratische functie van verkiezingen. De gedachte hierachter is dat als kiezers zich uitspreken over de beleidsprestaties en verkiezingsbeloften van

Evaluation of p-phenylenediamine, o-phenylphenol sodium salt, and 2,4-diaminotoluene in the rat comet assay as part of the Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (JaCVAM)-initiated international validation study of in vivo rat alkaline comet assay.

Science.gov (United States)

De Boeck, Marlies; van der Leede, Bas-jan; De Vlieger, Kathleen; Geys, Helena; Vynckier, An; Van Gompel, Jacky

2015-07-01

As part of the Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (JaCVAM)-initiated international validation study of in vivo rat alkaline comet assay (comet assay), p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (PPD), o-phenylphenol sodium salt (OPP), and 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT), were analyzed in this laboratory as coded test chemicals. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (7-9 weeks of age) were given three oral doses of the test compounds, 24 and 21 h apart and liver and stomach were sampled 3h after the final dose administration. Under the conditions of the test, no increases in DNA damage were observed in liver and stomach with PPD and OPP up to 100 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively. 2,4-DAT, a known genotoxic carcinogen, induced a weak but reproducible, dose-related and statistically significant increase in DNA damage in liver cells while no increases were observed in stomach cells. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of direction of approach to temperature on the delayed hydrogen cracking behavior of cold-worked Zr-2.5Nb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ambler, J.F.R.

1984-01-01

The delayed hydrogen cracking behavior of cold-worked Zr-2.5Nb at temperatures above about 423 K depends upon the direction of approach to test temperature. Cooling to the test temperatures results in an increase in crack growth rate, da/dt, with increase in temperature, given by the following Arrhenius relationship da/dt = 6.86 X 10 -1 exp(--71500/RT) Heating from room temperature to the test temperature results in the same increase in da/dt with temperature, but only up to a certain temperature, T /SUB DAT/ . The temperature, T /SUB DAT/ , increases with the amount of hydride precipitated during cooling to room temperature, prior to heating, and with cooling rate. The results obtained can be explained in terms of the Simpson and Puls model of delayed hydrogen cracking, if the hydride precipitated at the crack tip is initially fully constrained and the matrix hydride loses constraint during heating

Análise dialélica parcial em gerações avançadas para seleção de populações segregantes de trigo

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Adérico Júnior Badaró Pimentel

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar, em gerações avançadas, os efeitos da capacidade geral e específica de combinação de genitores de trigo, bem como selecionar populações segregantes superiores. Doze genitores e suas 36 populações nas gerações F2 e F3, obtidas em arranjo de dialelo parcial, foram avaliados quanto à produtividade de grãos. Utilizou-se o delineamento em látice 7x7, com duas repetições, mais um tratamento para completar o látice. O efeito de capacidade geral de combinação foi significativo, nas duas gerações. Observou-se alta correlação (0,83 dos efeitos de capacidade geral de combinação entre gerações, mas inexpressiva influência dos efeitos de gerações e de anos na classificação dos cruzamentos. As populações provenientes do cruzamento entre os genitores BRS 254, BRS 264 e IAC 364 (Tucuruí III e os genitores MGS 1 Aliança, VI 98053 e UFVT 1 Pioneiro apresentam maior potencial para obtenção de linhagens superiores, quanto à produtividade de grãos. O uso da análise dialélica parcial em gerações avançadas é promissor para programas de melhoramento de trigo por hibridação.

Lezen boven AVI-niveau kan prima : leesvaardigheid ontwikkelen

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boendermaker, Conny; Blok, Henk; Oostdam, Ron

2013-01-01

Hoe zorg je ervoor dat kinderen met enthousiasme lezen? Is het belangrijk dat ze lezen op hun eigen API-niveau of is hun persoonlijke voorkeur belangrijker? Dit artikel laat zien dat leerlingen vooral boeken moeten kunnen kiezen die hen interesseren.

A anatomia do homem é a chave da anatomia do macaco: a dialética em Vigotski e em Marx e a questão do saber objetivo na educação escolar

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Duarte Newton

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Vigotski, em seu "Manuscrito de 1929" afirma que a relação filogênese-ontogênese no desenvolvimento orgânico é distinta da mesma relação no desenvolvimento cultural: enquanto que o embrião humano se desenvolve sem interagir com o organismo adulto, o desenvolvimento cultural da criança só ocorre por meio da interação com o adulto, isto é, com o ser mais desenvolvido. Partindo dessa afirmação, o artigo analisa as relações entre a dialética em Vigotski e em Marx, apoiando-se na reflexão metodológica e epistemológica desenvolvida por Marx no texto em que afirmou que "a anatomia do homem é a chave da anatomia do macaco". O artigo conclui com a defesa da tese de que a psicologia vigotskiana fornece apoio a uma pedagogia que valorize a transmissão das formas mais desenvolvidas do saber objetivo produzido pela humanidade.

Standardisation as a Catalyst for Innovation

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K. Blind (Knut)

2009-01-01

textabstractHet traditionele beeld dat standaardisatie gezien wordt als een proces dat niet samengaat met innovatie is de laatste jaren veranderd. In zijn oratie laat prof.dr. Knut Blind zien dat vastgestelde normen wel degelijk kunnen bijdragen aan vernieuwingen. Vanuit economisch perspectief

Mutational analysis of the high-affinity zinc binding site validates a refined human dopamine transporter homology model.

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Thomas Stockner

Full Text Available The high-resolution crystal structure of the leucine transporter (LeuT is frequently used as a template for homology models of the dopamine transporter (DAT. Although similar in structure, DAT differs considerably from LeuT in a number of ways: (i when compared to LeuT, DAT has very long intracellular amino and carboxyl termini; (ii LeuT and DAT share a rather low overall sequence identity (22% and (iii the extracellular loop 2 (EL2 of DAT is substantially longer than that of LeuT. Extracellular zinc binds to DAT and restricts the transporter's movement through the conformational cycle, thereby resulting in a decrease in substrate uptake. Residue H293 in EL2 praticipates in zinc binding and must be modelled correctly to allow for a full understanding of its effects. We exploited the high-affinity zinc binding site endogenously present in DAT to create a model of the complete transmemberane domain of DAT. The zinc binding site provided a DAT-specific molecular ruler for calibration of the model. Our DAT model places EL2 at the transporter lipid interface in the vicinity of the zinc binding site. Based on the model, D206 was predicted to represent a fourth co-ordinating residue, in addition to the three previously described zinc binding residues H193, H375 and E396. This prediction was confirmed by mutagenesis: substitution of D206 by lysine and cysteine affected the inhibitory potency of zinc and the maximum inhibition exerted by zinc, respectively. Conversely, the structural changes observed in the model allowed for rationalizing the zinc-dependent regulation of DAT: upon binding, zinc stabilizes the outward-facing state, because its first coordination shell can only be completed in this conformation. Thus, the model provides a validated solution to the long extracellular loop and may be useful to address other aspects of the transport cycle.

Bluedec in product design: Isolatiemateriaal op basis van aerogel

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Beurden, van, K.M.M. (Karin); Goselink, E.A. (Erik)

2014-01-01

Aerogel is een zeer kostbaar voor de ruimtevaart ontwikkeld basismateriaal. Bluedec is een isolatiemateriaal bestaande uit een non woven kunststof dat met deze aerogel geïmpregneerd is. Hierdoor ontstaat een zeer goed isolerend materiaal dat goedkoper is dan aerogel. De warmtegeleidingscoëfficiënt van Bluedec in de basisuitvoering is 0,0135 W/m*K . Dat is lager dan conventionele isolatiematerialen, zie ook pagina 4. Voordeel hiervan is dat vergelijkbare of betere warmte-isolati...

Diallyl trisulfide ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in type 1 diabetic rats: role of SIRT1 activation.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Liming; Li, Shu; Tang, Xinlong; Li, Zhi; Zhang, Jian; Xue, Xiaodong; Han, Jinsong; Liu, Yu; Zhang, Yuji; Zhang, Yong; Xu, Yinli; Yang, Yang; Wang, Huishan

2017-07-01

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) protects against apoptosis during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury in diabetic state, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. Previously, we and others demonstrated that silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activation inhibited oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during MI/R injury. We hypothesize that DATS reduces diabetic MI/R injury by activating SIRT1 signaling. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats were subjected to MI/R surgery with or without perioperative administration of DATS (40 mg/kg). We found that DATS treatment markedly improved left ventricular systolic pressure and the first derivative of left ventricular pressure, reduced myocardial infarct size as well as serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. Furthermore, the myocardial apoptosis was also suppressed by DATS as evidenced by reduced apoptotic index and cleaved caspase-3 expression. However, these effects were abolished by EX527 (the inhibitor of SIRT1 signaling, 5 mg/kg). We further found that DATS effectively upregulated SIRT1 expression and its nuclear distribution. Additionally, PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP-mediated ER stress-induced apoptosis was suppressed by DATS treatment. Moreover, DATS significantly activated Nrf-2/HO-1 antioxidant signaling pathway, thus reducing Nox-2/4 expressions. However, the ameliorative effects of DATS on oxidative stress and ER stress-mediated myocardial apoptosis were inhibited by EX527 administration. Taken together, these data suggest that perioperative DATS treatment effectively ameliorates MI/R injury in type 1 diabetic setting by enhancing cardiac SIRT1 signaling. SIRT1 activation not only upregulated Nrf-2/HO-1-mediated antioxidant signaling pathway but also suppressed PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP-mediated ER stress level, thus reducing myocardial apoptosis and eventually preserving cardiac function.

Age-related decline in dopamine transporter in human brain using PET with a new radioligand [18F]FE-PE2I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shingai, Yoshitoshi; Tateno, Amane; Arakawa, Ryosuke; Sakayori, Takeshi; Kim, WooChan; Okubo, Yoshiro; Suzuki, Hidenori

2014-01-01

Dopamine transporter (DAT) density is considered as a marker of pre-synaptic function. Numerous neuroimaging studies have consistently demonstrated an age-related decrease in DAT density in normal human brain. However, the precise degree of the regional decline is not yet clear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the normal aging process on DAT densities in human-specific brain regions including the substantia nigra and thalamus using positron emission tomography (PET) with [ 18 F]FE-PE2I, a new PET radioligand with high affinity and selectivity for DAT. Thirty-six healthy volunteers ranging in age from 22 to 80 years were scanned with PET employing [ 18 F]FE-PE2I for measuring DAT densities. Region of interest (ROI)-based analysis was used, and ROIs were manually defined for the caudate, putamen, substantia nigra, thalamus, and cerebellar cortex. DAT binding was quantified using a simplified reference tissue model, and the cerebellum was used as reference region. Estimations of binding potential in the caudate, putamen, substantia nigra, and thalamus were individually regressed according to age using simple regression analysis. Estimates of DAT loss per decade were obtained using the values from the regression slopes. There were 7.6, 7.7, and 3.4% per-decade declines in DAT in the caudate, putamen, and substantia nigra, respectively. By contrast, there was no age-related decline of DAT in the thalamus. [ 18 F]FE-PE2I allowed reliable quantification of DAT, not only in the caudate and putamen but also in the substantia nigra. From the results, we demonstrated the age-related decline in the caudate and putamen as reported in previous studies, and additionally for those in the substantia nigra for the first time. (author)

An exploration of synthetic biology: A preliminary Christian ethical assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of synthetic biology

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Riaan A.L. Rheeder

2014-10-01

’n Verkenning van sintetiese biologie: ’n Voorlopige Christelik-etiese beoordeling van die voor- en nadele van sintetiese biologie. Op 20 Mei 2010 het die Venter-instituut (in Amerika aangekondig dat hulle die genoom van die organisme Mycoplasma mycoides ten volle in vitro gesintetiseer het (deur middel van ’n rekenaar, gekoppel aan ’n masjien wat gene sintetiseer. Die berig het verder gelei dat die genoom daarna teruggeplaas is in die omhulsel van ’n ander organisme (Mycoplasma capricolum − en dat die gesintetiseerde genoom en organisme normaal gefunksioneer het. Hierdie gesintetiseerde organisme word gerekonstrueer om as minuskule fabriek te funksioneer met die doel om brandstof en medisyne te produseer en te sekreer − wat nie die natuurlike funksie van die organisme is nie. Aan hierdie tegnologie is daar ook bepaalde potensiële gevare verbonde. Wetenskaplikes is bang dat hierdie tegnologie mens, dier en omgewing kan kontamineer of infekteer en op dié wyse groot skade kan aanrig − en selfs tot mense se dood kan lei. Ander wetenskaplikes is weer bekommerd dat hierdie tegnologie deur terroriste gebruik kan word om onskuldige burgers dood te maak. Sommige etici is oortuig dat die gevolge van sintetiese biologie tans onvoorspelbaar, en daarom riskant is. Teenoor die potensiële gevare moet gestel word dat sintetiese biologie inderdaad omvangryke positiewe uitkomste soos die vervaardiging van biobrandstof en medisyne tot gevolg kan hê. Meeste wetenskaplikes en etici is van mening dat die potensiële gevare verbonde aan sintetiese biologie beoordeel moet word in die lig van die feit dat genetiese manipulasie in die afgelope 30 jaar geen biologiese ramp veroorsaak het nie. Uit ’n Christelike oogpunt word voorlopig geoordeel dat sintetiese biologie nie ’n onverantwoordelike wetenskap en tegnologie is nie.

A new model for separation between brain dopamine and serotonin transporters in {sup 123}I-{beta}-CIT SPECT measurements: normal values and sex and age dependence

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ryding, Erik; Rosen, Ingmar [Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital, Lund (Sweden); Lindstroem, Mats; Bosson, Peter; Traeskman-Bendz, Lil [Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Lund (Sweden); Braadvik, Bjoern; Grabowski, Martin [Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Lund (Sweden)

2004-08-01

{sup 123}I-{beta}-CIT is a radioactive ligand for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of the pre-synaptic (transporter) re-uptake sites for dopamine (DAT) and serotonin (5HTT), and it is widely used to visualize monoamine turnover. Since {sup 123}I-{beta}-CIT uptake occurs at 5HTT and DAT sites in conjunction with the presence of freely soluble {sup 123}I-{beta}-CIT in brain tissue, adequate separation of these three components is necessary. However, only partial separation is possible with current methods. Two main strategies have previously been used for {sup 123}I-{beta}-CIT component separation, based on the following considerations: (1) the faster uptake rate for 5HTT compared with DAT enables temporal separation by performing 5HTT imaging at 1-2 h and DAT imaging at 20-24 h; (2) blocking the 5HTT re-uptake with citalopram renders {sup 123}I-{beta}-CIT imaging DAT (non-5HTT) specific. In a new analytical model, we combined these two approaches with methods to isolate the passively dissolved {sup 123}I-{beta}-CIT in brain tissue from the monoamine transporter uptake, and to correct the 5HTT and DAT values for concomitant uptake. The new analytical model was used to study brain 5HTT and DAT in 23 normal subjects, with the aim of clarifying the effect of age and sex. A significant correlation between 5HTT and DAT values was found only in the thalamus, indicating successful component separation. Negative correlations between age and DAT were found for basal ganglia, thalami, brain stem and temporal lobes, but not for the frontal, parietal or occipital regions. No correlation with age was found for 5HTT. We found no sex difference for 5HTT or DAT. (orig.)

Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediates the suppressive effects of diallyl trisulfide on colorectal cancer stem cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Qi; Li, Xiao-Ting; Chen, Yue; Chen, Jia-Qi; Zhu, Jian-Yun; Meng, Yu; Wang, Xiao-Qian; Li, Yuan; Geng, Shan-Shan; Xie, Chun-Feng; Wu, Jie-Shu; Zhong, Cai-Yun; Han, Hong-Yu

2018-06-01

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation, growth, and metastasis. Garlic-derived organosulfur compound diallyl trisulfide (DATS) possesses cancer suppressive properties. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a key target for CSCs inhibition. However, the interventional effect of DATS on colorectal CSCs has not been clarified. We aimed to illustrate the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin in DATS-induced colorectal CSCs inhibition. Serum-free medium culture was used to enrich colorectal CSCs. SW480 and DLD-1 sphere-forming cells were treated with different concentrations of DATS for 5 days; LiCl and β-catenin plasmids were used to stimulate the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The size and number of colonspheres were detected by tumorsphere formation assay; the expression of colorectal CSCs-related genes was detected by Western blotting and qRT-PCR; the capacities of colorectal CSCs proliferation and apoptosis were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, Hoechst 33258 cell staining and flow cytometry, respectively. The levels of colorectal CSCs markers were elevated in the tumorspheres cells. DATS efficiently suppressed the activity of colorectal CSCs, as evidenced by reducing the size and number of colonspheres, decreasing the expression of colorectal CSCs markers, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting the proliferation of colorectal CSCs. Moreover, DATS suppressed the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, while upregulation of Wnt/β-catenin diminished the inhibitory effect of DATS on colorectal CSCs. Wnt/β-catenin pathway mediates DATS-induced colorectal CSCs suppression. These findings support the use of DATS for targeting colorectal CSCs.

Crescimento de Siegesbeckia orientalis sob diferentes condições de luminosidade Growth of Siegesbeckia orientalis under different light conditions

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D.B. Aguilera

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Neste estudo, objetivou-se contrastar os efeitos de sombreamento sobre o crescimento de S. orientalis, utilizando a análise de crescimento. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em vasos, a pleno sol (A e sob sombrite 50% (B. As plantas tiveram seus índices de crescimento determinados aos 14, 28, 42, 56, 80, 94 e 108 dias após o transplante (DAT, para A; e aos 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 108, 122 e 136 DAT, para B. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise de regressão. Os modelos foram escolhidos com base na significância dos coeficientes de regressão, utilizando-se o teste t até 10%, no coeficiente de determinação e no fenômeno em estudo. As plantas apresentaram comportamento semelhante em A e B para a maioria das variáveis analisadas, embora as plantas sombreadas (radiação média de 218 µmol m-² s-¹ tivessem maior duração do ciclo cultural, cerca de 140 DAT, retardando os valores máximos e/ou mínimos, em relação às plantas a luz plena (média de 658 µmol m-² s-¹, com aproximadamente 110 DAT. Em B, foram obtidas também as maiores médias para a maioria dos índices avaliados - área foliar, altura, números de folhas e capítulos florais, biomassa seca total, taxa de crescimento absoluto, taxa de crescimento relativo, razão de peso foliar, razão de área foliar e área foliar específica -, sugerindo que a espécie é favorecida pelo sombreamento.This study aimed to contrast the effects of shading on the growth of S. orientalis by applying growth analysis. The experiments were conducted in pots under full sunlight (A and 50% shading (B. Plant growth indices were determined at 14, 28, 42, 56, 80, 94 and 108 days after transplant (DAT for A and at 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 108, 122, 136 DAT for B. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four repetitions. Data were analyzed by means of regression analysis. The models were

Reinvestigation of KMg1/3Nb2/3OPO4Dedicated to Professor Nikolay S. Slobodyanik on the occasion of his 65th birthday.

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Nikolay S. Slobodyanik

2010-03-01

Full Text Available The crystal structure of potassium magnesium niobium oxide phosphate, KMg1/3Nb2/3OPO4, which was described in the space group P4322 [McCarron & Calabrese, (1993. J. Solid State Chem. 102, 354–361], has been redetermined in the revised space group P41. Accordingly, the assignment of the space group P4322 and, therefore, localization of K at a single half-occupied position, as noted in the previous study, proved to be an artifact. As a consequence, two major and two minor positions of K are observed due to the splitting along [001], as first noted for KTiOPO4 structure analogues. It has been shown that the geometry of the {MII1/3Nb2/3O6/2}∞ framework is almost unaffected by the lowering of symmetry.

Testing multiple coordination constraints with a novel bimanual visuomotor task.

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Helene M Sisti

Full Text Available The acquisition of a new bimanual skill depends on several motor coordination constraints. To date, coordination constraints have often been tested relatively independently of one another, particularly with respect to isofrequency and multifrequency rhythms. Here, we used a new paradigm to test the interaction of multiple coordination constraints. Coordination constraints that were tested included temporal complexity, directionality, muscle grouping, and hand dominance. Twenty-two healthy young adults performed a bimanual dial rotation task that required left and right hand coordination to track a moving target on a computer monitor. Two groups were compared, either with or without four days of practice with augmented visual feedback. Four directional patterns were tested such that both hands moved either rightward (clockwise, leftward (counterclockwise, inward or outward relative to each other. Seven frequency ratios (3∶1, 2∶1, 3∶2, 1∶1, 2∶3. 1∶2, 1∶3 between the left and right hand were introduced. As expected, isofrequency patterns (1∶1 were performed more successfully than multifrequency patterns (non 1∶1. In addition, performance was more accurate when participants were required to move faster with the dominant right hand (1∶3, 1∶2 and 2∶3 than with the non-dominant left hand (3∶1, 2∶1, 3∶2. Interestingly, performance deteriorated as the relative angular velocity between the two hands increased, regardless of whether the required frequency ratio was an integer or non-integer. This contrasted with previous finger tapping research where the integer ratios generally led to less error than the non-integer ratios. We suggest that this is due to the different movement topologies that are required of each paradigm. Overall, we found that this visuomotor task was useful for testing the interaction of multiple coordination constraints as well as the release from these constraints with practice in the presence of

Beoordeling gezondheidsrisico's door sporten op kunstgrasvelden met rubbergranulaat

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Oomen AG; de Groot GM; CPV; M&V

2016-01-01

Uit nieuw onderzoek van het RIVM blijkt dat het risico voor de gezondheid van sporten op kunstgrasvelden die zijn ingestrooid met rubbergranulaat, praktisch verwaarloosbaar is. Dat betekent dat het verantwoord is om op deze velden te sporten. Aanleiding voor het onderzoek is de maatschappelijke

Evaluation of health risks of playing sports on synthetic turf pitches with rubber granulate : Scientific background document

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Groot GM; Oomen AG; Mennen MG; CPV; M&V

2017-01-01

Uit nieuw onderzoek van het RIVM blijkt dat het risico voor de gezondheid van sporten op kunstgrasvelden die zijn ingestrooid met rubbergranulaat, praktisch verwaarloosbaar is. Dat betekent dat het verantwoord is om op deze velden te sporten. Aanleiding voor het onderzoek is de maatschappelijke

Aandeelhouderswaarde: Beperk rechten van de "nieuwe aandeelhouder.'

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Prof. dr. Ruud Pruijm

2009-01-01

In de discussie over activistische aandeelhouders zijn velen van mening dat het evenwicht verstoord is en dat de aandeelhouders te veel macht hebben. Het werkelijke probleem is dat de trouwe langetermijnaandeelhouder niet meer bestaat en is vervangen door de kortetermijnbelegger met alleen oog voor