Feria de Milán. Pabellón de maquinaria pesada

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Covre, Gino

1960-04-01

Full Text Available Después de demoler el edificio destinado a las exposiciones de los adelantos y mejoras de la mecánica pesada, las autoridades Que rigen estas manifestaciones de la mecánica en Milán, Italia, se entregaron a un estudio de conjunto del problema que para ellos constituía la construcción de un pabellón que sustituyera al destruido y que, tanto por sus condiciones intrínsecas como por su aspecto estático y funcional, supliera ampliamente a su antecesor. El solar disponible constituía una amplia parcela aislada, y se pensó, en principio, en un cuerpo arquitectónico de dos plantas, una en semisótano y otra superior que constituiría la sala general de las exposiciones.

EOS Terra Validation Program

Science.gov (United States)

Starr, David

2000-01-01

The EOS Terra mission will be launched in July 1999. This mission has great relevance to the atmospheric radiation community and global change issues. Terra instruments include Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES), Multi-Angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT). In addition to the fundamental radiance data sets, numerous global science data products will be generated, including various Earth radiation budget, cloud and aerosol parameters, as well as land surface, terrestrial ecology, ocean color, and atmospheric chemistry parameters. Significant investments have been made in on-board calibration to ensure the quality of the radiance observations. A key component of the Terra mission is the validation of the science data products. This is essential for a mission focused on global change issues and the underlying processes. The Terra algorithms have been subject to extensive pre-launch testing with field data whenever possible. Intensive efforts will be made to validate the Terra data products after launch. These include validation of instrument calibration (vicarious calibration) experiments, instrument and cross-platform comparisons, routine collection of high quality correlative data from ground-based networks, such as AERONET, and intensive sites, such as the SGP ARM site, as well as a variety field experiments, cruises, etc. Airborne simulator instruments have been developed for the field experiment and underflight activities including the MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) AirMISR, MASTER (MODIS-ASTER), and MOPITT-A. All are integrated on the NASA ER-2 though low altitude platforms are more typically used for MASTER. MATR is an additional sensor used for MOPITT algorithm development and validation. The intensive validation activities planned for the first year of the Terra

Representación social de las enfermedades raras en la prensa española

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sebastián Sánchez Castillo

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Las enfermedades raras en España afectan directamente a más de 3 millones de personas, por lo que puede considerarse como un problema de salud de gran interés social. Los datos que se presentan en esta investigación son el resultado de un análisis de contenido sobre el tratamiento que la prensa otorga a los afectados de enfermedades raras, a través de los textos de las noticias y fotografías presentes en los principales diarios españoles. Tomando la teoría del framing como base teórica se revelará el conjunto de posibles encuadres, sin tener prefijados de antemano un número determinado, y se descubrirán los encuadres noticioso latentes que pueden quedar ocultos a simple vista, así como las imágenes que acompañan a las noticias. Los resultados ayudarán a descubrir la interpretación que la prensa española hace de las más de 7 mil enfermedades raras catalogadas, así como del resto de actores relacionados personal o profesionalmente con estas patologías.

Condições históricas e sociais que regulam o acesso a terra no espaço agrário brasileiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guiomar Inez Germani

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo traçar a trajetória histórica e social que forjou as bases para o estabelecimento da estrutura e organização do espaço rural no Brasil. Destaca as condições históricas e sociais que regulam o acesso a terra e como estas orientaram o processo de apropriação privada das terras livres em muito poucas mãos desde o período inicial da colonização portuguesa. Analisa, também, como este processo teve continuidade nos períodos posteriores, garantindo e fortalecendo a concentração da estrutura fundiária, como monopólio de classe, enquanto o número de trabalhadores rurais sem terra continua a crescer. É uma tentativa de entender como, em diferentes momentos da história, as relações sociais estabelecidas foram conformando a apropriação privada da natureza e, ao mesmo tempo, a organização do espaço rural, sendo legitimada pelo poder político através de uma legislação que é sempre usada para por obstáculos e dificultar o acesso a terra a amplas camadas da população. Em tempos mais recentes, os trabalhadores rurais sem terra opõem resistência a esta situação. De forma organizada, agem em todo o território nacional tentando por um fim a esta pesada herança e a escrever uma história em novas bases e com novas regras para o acesso a terra. Abstract This paper is meant to trace the historical and social trajectory that launched the bases for the Brazilian rural space settlement. It analyses the different forms of access to the land as well as the process which has lead to the capture of the “free lands” in very few hands during the early period of the Portuguese colonization. It also describes how this process has shaped and strengthened the structure of the land monopoly, concentrated and violent by it-self while the number of landless peasants continues to increase. It is an attempt to understand how in different moments of the history, this process was legitimated by the political

Rediseño de procesos en un almacén de respuestos de maquinaria pesada.

OpenAIRE

De la Cruz Salazar, Jhony; De la Cruz Salazar, Jhony

2012-01-01

El presente informe denominado “Rediseño de procesos en un almacén de repuestos de maquinaria pesada" tiene como objetivo aplicar un método para rediseñar los procesos del almacén referido buscando la optimización. El informe describe los procesos de: Recepción, Almacenamiento y Despacho; identificando las actividades que no agregan valor y que generan unos retrasos en los despachos. En este informe se presentan tres acciones a ejecutar para lograr la optimización y realizar una redistr...

Especiación de tierras raras en las soluciones ácidas y neutras del sistema de drenaje del Arroyo del Val (Zaragoza

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zamora, A.

1994-08-01

se mantienen constantes a lo largo de toda la serie de los lantánidos dado que apenas existen variaciones en las constantes de estabilidad de las reacciones de formación de complejos de estos elementos con sulfato. Por tanto, estas reacciones no son las responsables del fraccionamiento observado en los modelos de distribución de REE de las soluciones ácidas; y su pauta característicamente convexa ha de estar relacionada con procesos de disolución de las arcillas y de los oxihidróxidos de hierro existentes en los materiales paleozoicos que conforman la cuenca de drenaje y/o con las fases coloidales transportadas por las soluciones. La distribución de especies de las Tierras Raras en las soluciones neutras se encuentra fundamentalmente controlada por complejos carbonatados y fosfatados. Las constantes de estabilidad de estos complejos aumentan varios órdenes de magnitud desde La a Lu por lo que representan el 80-90 % del total analizado para las Tierras Raras Ligeras (LREE y el 100 % para las Tierras Raras pesadas (HREE. Las especies LnPO04 y Ln(PO43-2 aparecen en proporciones significativas respecto a los complejos carbonatados, especialmente en el caso de las HREE, evidenciando la importancia del fosfato y de sus reacciones de formación de complejos con las Tierras Raras en los cálculos de especiación de esos elementos.

DNA methylation-independent loss of RARA gene expression in acute myeloid leukemia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Glasow, Annegret; Barrett, Angela; Petrie, Kevin; Gupta, Rajeev; Boix-Chornet, Manuel; Zhou, Da-Cheng; Grimwade, David; Gallagher, Robert; von Lindern, Marieke; Waxman, Samuel; Enver, Tariq; Hildebrandt, Guido; Zelent, Arthur

2008-01-01

The retinoic acid receptor (RAR) alpha gene (RARA) encodes 2 major isoforms and mediates positive effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on myelomonocytic differentiation. Expression of the ATRA-inducible (RARalpha2) isoform increases with myelomonocytic differentiation and appears to be

Flow cytometric immunobead assay for fast and easy detection of PML-RARA fusion proteins for the diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

E.H.A. Dekking (E. H A); V.H.J. van der Velden (Vincent); A. Varro (Andras); H. Wai; S. Böttcher (Stephan); M. Kneba (Michael); E. Sonneveld (Edwin); A. Koning; N. Boeckx; N. Van Poecke; P. Lucio (Paulo); A. Mendonça; L. Sedek (Lukasz); T. Szczepanski (Tomasz); T. Kalina (Tomas); V. Kanderová (V.); P.G. Hoogeveen (Patricia); J. Flores-Montero (Juan); C. Chillón (Carmen); A. Orfao (Alberto); J.M.M. Almeida (Julia); P.A.S. Evans; C. Cullen; A.L. Noordijk; P.M. Vermeulen (P.); M.T. de Man (M.); E.P. Dixon (Eric); W.M. Comans-Bitter; J.J.M. van Dongen (Jacques)

2012-01-01

textabstractThe PML-RARA fusion protein is found in approximately 97% of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). APL can be associated with life-threatening bleeding complications when undiagnosed and not treated expeditiously. The PML-RARA fusion protein arrests maturation of myeloid

DNA methylation-independent loss of RARA gene expression in acute myeloid leukemia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

A. Glasow (Annegret); A. Barrett (Angela); K. Petrie (Kevin); R. Gupta (Rajeev); M. Boix-Chornet (Manuel); D.C. Zhou; D. Grimwade (David); R. Gallagher (Robert); M.M. von Lindern (Marieke); S. Waxman (Sergio); T. Enver (Tariq); G. Hildebrandt (Guido); A. Zelent (Arthur)

2008-01-01

textabstractThe retinoic acid receptor (RAR) α gene (RARA) encodes 2 major isoforms and mediates positive effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on myelomonocytic differentiation. Expression of the ATRA-inducible (RARα2) isoform increases with myelomonocytic differentiation and appears to be

The Terra Data Fusion Project: An Update

Science.gov (United States)

Di Girolamo, L.; Bansal, S.; Butler, M.; Fu, D.; Gao, Y.; Lee, H. J.; Liu, Y.; Lo, Y. L.; Raila, D.; Turner, K.; Towns, J.; Wang, S. W.; Yang, K.; Zhao, G.

2017-12-01

Terra is the flagship of NASA's Earth Observing System. Launched in 1999, Terra's five instruments continue to gather data that enable scientists to address fundamental Earth science questions. By design, the strength of the Terra mission has always been rooted in its five instruments and the ability to fuse the instrument data together for obtaining greater quality of information for Earth Science compared to individual instruments alone. As the data volume grows and the central Earth Science questions move towards problems requiring decadal-scale data records, the need for data fusion and the ability for scientists to perform large-scale analytics with long records have never been greater. The challenge is particularly acute for Terra, given its growing volume of data (> 1 petabyte), the storage of different instrument data at different archive centers, the different file formats and projection systems employed for different instrument data, and the inadequate cyberinfrastructure for scientists to access and process whole-mission fusion data (including Level 1 data). Sharing newly derived Terra products with the rest of the world also poses challenges. As such, the Terra Data Fusion Project aims to resolve two long-standing problems: 1) How do we efficiently generate and deliver Terra data fusion products? 2) How do we facilitate the use of Terra data fusion products by the community in generating new products and knowledge through national computing facilities, and disseminate these new products and knowledge through national data sharing services? Here, we will provide an update on significant progress made in addressing these problems by working with NASA and leveraging national facilities managed by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA). The problems that we faced in deriving and delivering Terra L1B2 basic, reprojected and cloud-element fusion products, such as data transfer, data fusion, processing on different computer architectures

Casa do Alambique, estrutura rara e monumental

OpenAIRE

Cardoso, João Luís

2014-01-01

Uma intervenção arqueológica realizada em 2009 na Casa do Alambique, localizada na Quinta do Marquês de Pombal, em Oeiras, evidenciou a importância da produção de aguardente a partir da destilação do bagaço ou do vinho naquela quinta setecentista. O seu estudo, através da escavação e do registo, revelou assinaláveis cuidados técnicos, viabilizados por um já desenvolvido conhecimento científico, alicerçado no empirismo, conforme era usual na época. Trata-se de uma rara e monumental estru...

TerraPower, Bill Gates' reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guidez, J.

2016-01-01

TerraPower is a traveling wave reactor, it means that the reactor gradually converts non fissile material into the fuel it needs and the active part of the core progressively moves through the core leaving spent fuel behind. The last design of the TerraPower shows that it will use depleted uranium as fuel and that its core will need reloading every 10 years. Re-arrangement of the nuclear fuel will have to be made every 18 months to keep the core reactive. Metallic nuclear fuels will be used as they allow the highest breeding rates. It appears that apart from the very specific configuration of the core, the TerraPower is a reactor very similar to sodium-cooled fast reactors. Neutron transport inside traveling wave reactor core is complex and simulations show that the piling-up of fission product tends to kill the chain reaction and a continuous neutron addition may be necessary to keep the reactor going. A large part of the TerraPower feasibility studies concerns neutron transport inside its core. (A.C.)

Laboratory investigation of TerraZyme as a soil stabilizer

Science.gov (United States)

Yusoff, Siti Aimi Nadia Mohd; Azmi, Mastura; Ramli, Harris; Bakar, Ismail; Wijeyesekera, D. C.; Zainorabidin, Adnan

2017-10-01

In this study, a laboratory investigation was conducted to examine the performance of TerraZyme on different soil types. Laterite and kaolin were treated with 2% and 5% TerraZyme to determine changes in the soils' geotechnical properties. The obtained results were analysed and investigated in terms of compaction, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The changes in geotechnical properties of the stabilised and unstabilised soils were monitored after curing periods of 0, 7, 15, 21 and 30 days. Changes in compaction properties, UCS and CBR were observed. It was found that laterite with 5% TerraZyme gave a higher maximum dry density (MDD) and decreased the optimum moisture content (OMC). For kaolin, a different TerraZyme percentage did not show any effect on both MDD and OMC. For strength properties, it was found that 2% TerraZyme showed the greatest change in UCS over a 30-day curing period. The CBR value of stabilised kaolin with 2% TerraZyme gave a higher CBR value than the kaolin treated with 5% TerraZyme. It was also found that laterite treated with TerraZyme gave a higher CBR value. Lastly, it can be concluded that TerraZyme is not suitable for stabilising kaolin; TerraZyme requires a cohesive soil to achieve a better performance.

Acerca de falas da terra. Ecologia e tradição

OpenAIRE

Guimarães, Ana Paula; Fonseca, Luís Cancela da

2001-01-01

O projecto Falas da Terra - Ecologia e Tradição surgiu quando à disciplina de Literatura Tradicional Oral apeteceu o transborde: a detecção de paradigmas ambientais, a descrição da fisionomia da terra. • quer enquanto solo arável: terra, corpo feminino lavrado e semeado pelo corpo masculino (o arado e a semente) ou terra tal como a quadra seguinte reiteradamente a refere: Eu sou devedor à terra A terra me está devendo A terra me paga em vida E eu pago à terra em mor...

High-Risk Microgranular Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with a Five-Way Complex Translocation Involving PML-RARA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benjamin Powers

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL is classically characterized by chromosomal translocation (15;17, resulting in the PML-RARA fusion protein leading to disease. Here, we present a case of a 50-year-old man who presented with signs and symptoms of acute leukemia with concern for APL. Therapy was immediately initiated with all-trans retinoic acid. The morphology of his leukemic blasts was consistent with the hypogranular variant of APL. Subsequent FISH and cytogenetic analysis revealed a unique translocation involving five chromosomal regions: 9q34, 17q21, 15q24, 12q13, and 15q26.1. Molecular testing demonstrated PML/RARA fusion transcripts. Treatment with conventional chemotherapy was added and he went into a complete remission. Given his elevated white blood cell count at presentation, intrathecal chemotherapy for central nervous system prophylaxis was also given. The patient remains on maintenance therapy and remains in remission. This is the first such report of a 5-way chromosomal translocation leading to APL. Similar to APL with chromosomal translocations other than classical t(15;17 which result in the typical PML-RARA fusion, our patient responded promptly to an ATRA-containing regimen and remains in complete remission.

TERRA – MADRE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luz Ampario Osorio

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Cantante, danzatrice, esperta di canti religiosi di tutto il mondo, Luz è figlia di quattro lingue diverse: spagnolo, olandese, inglese, italiano e ha letto poesie scritte in quelle lingue. Tema centrale, il legame fra l’individuo e la terra, sua madre, a cui tornare sempre. Terra da amare, rispettare, cantare.  Earth - Mother Singer, dancer, expert on religious songs from around the world, Luz is the daughter of four different languages: Spanish, Dutch, English, Italian and she read poems written in these languages. The central theme is the link between the individual and the earth, the mother, to whom one always returns. Earth to love, to respect, to celebrate.

Terra - the Earth Observing System flagship observatory

Science.gov (United States)

Thome, K. J.

2013-12-01

The Terra platform enters its teenage years with an array of accomplishments but also with the potential to do much more. Efforts continue to extend the Terra data record to build upon its array of accomplishments and make its data more valuable by creating a record length that allows examination of inter annual variability, observe trends on the decadal scale, and gather statistics relevant to the define climate metrics. Continued data from Terra's complementary instruments will play a key role in creating the data record needed for scientists to develop an understanding of our climate system. Terra's suite of instruments: ASTER (contributed by the Japanese Ministry of Economy and Trade and Industry with a JPL-led US Science Team), CERES (NASA LaRC - PI), MISR (JPL - PI), MODIS (NASA GSFC), and MOPITT (sponsored by Canadian Space Agency with NCAR-led Science Team) are providing an unprecedented 81 core data products. The annual demand for Terra data remains with >120 million files distributed in 2011 and >157 million in 2012. More than 1,100 peer-reviewed publications appeared in 2012 using Terra data bringing the lifetime total >7,600. Citation numbers of 21,000 for 2012 and over 100,000 for the mission's lifetime. The broad range of products enable the community to provide answers to the overarching question, 'How is the Earth changing and what are the consequences for life on Earth?' Terra continues to provide data that: (1) Extend the baseline of morning-orbit collections; (2) Enable comparison of measurements acquired from past high-impact events; (3) Add value to recently-launched and soon-to-be launched missions, and upcoming field programs. Terra data continue to support monitoring and relief efforts for natural and man-made disasters that involve U.S. interests. Terra also contributes to Applications Focus Areas supporting the U.S. National Objectives for agriculture, air quality, climate, disaster management, ecological forecasting, public health, water

Effect of MODIS Terra Radiometric Calibration Improvements on Collection 6 Deep Blue Aerosol Products: Validation and Terra/Aqua Consistency

Science.gov (United States)

Sayer, A. M.; Hsu, N. C.; Bettenhausen, C.; Jeong, M.-J.; Meister, G.

2015-01-01

The Deep Blue (DB) algorithm's primary data product is midvisible aerosol optical depth (AOD). DB applied to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) measurements provides a data record since early 2000 for MODIS Terra and mid-2002 for MODIS Aqua. In the previous data version (Collection 5, C5), DB production from Terra was halted in 2007 due to sensor degradation; the new Collection 6 (C6) has both improved science algorithms and sensor radiometric calibration. This includes additional calibration corrections developed by the Ocean Biology Processing Group to address MODIS Terra's gain, polarization sensitivity, and detector response versus scan angle, meaning DB can now be applied to the whole Terra record. Through validation with Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) data, it is shown that the C6 DB Terra AOD quality is stable throughout the mission to date. Compared to the C5 calibration, in recent years the RMS error compared to AERONET is smaller by approximately 0.04 over bright (e.g., desert) and approximately 0.01-0.02 over darker (e.g., vegetated) land surfaces, and the fraction of points in agreement with AERONET within expected retrieval uncertainty higher by approximately 10% and approximately 5%, respectively. Comparisons to the Aqua C6 time series reveal a high level of correspondence between the two MODIS DB data records, with a small positive (Terra-Aqua) average AOD offset <0.01. The analysis demonstrates both the efficacy of the new radiometric calibration efforts and that the C6 MODIS Terra DB AOD data remain stable (to better than 0.01 AOD) throughout the mission to date, suitable for quantitative scientific analyses.

Avaliação de diferentes programas de restrição alimentar para matrizes pesadas

OpenAIRE

Carneiro, Paulo Roberto de Oliveira [UNESP

2013-01-01

Em matrizeiros é comum a utilização de regimes de restrição alimentar para o controle de peso das aves. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos que diferentes programas de restrição alimentar têm sobre matrizes de corte. Foram utilizadas 832 matrizes pesadas Cobb 500® com 31 dias distribuídas em 32 boxes, contendo 26 aves cada, seguindo um delineamento em blocos casualizados com 4 tratamentos (T1 – (controle) restrição diária, T2 - restrição “skip-a-day”, T3 - restrição 4/3 e T4 - r...

Terra News: sensationalism and fait-divers on the Internet

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Golembiewski

2009-12-01

Full Text Available This article presents an analysis of the news program Jornal do Terra (Terra News shown on the Terra website. The study involved two aspects: forms of news presentations on TV, based on studies by Pedro Maciel, and criteria of news value, based on Mário Erbolatto’s view. In addition, we used Luis Arthur Ferraretto’s studies of the news formats used specifically on the radio. The objective of this work was to verify what kind of news is transmitted by the news program Terra News, and to compare it with the traditional news program we watch on TV. The study confirmed that Terra News utilizes conventional formats of news presentation and makes a selection of sensationalist news about fait-divers.

TERRA NEWS: Sensationalism and Fait-divers on the Internet

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Golembiewski

2011-02-01

Full Text Available This article presents an analysis of the news program Jornal do Terra (Terra News shown on the Terra website. The study involved two aspects: forms of news presentations on TV, based on studies by Pedro Maciel, and criteria of news value, based on Mário Erbolatto’s view. In addition, we used Luis Arthur Ferraretto’s studies of the news formats used specifically on the radio. The objective of this work was to verify what kind of news is transmitted by the news program Terra News, and to compare it with the traditional news program we watch on TV. The study confirmed that Terra News utilizes conventional formats of news presentation and makes a selection of sensationalist news about fait-divers.

The Earth Observing System Terra Mission

Science.gov (United States)

Kaufman, Yoram J.; Einaudi, Franco (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

Langley's remarkable solar and lunar spectra collected from Mt. Whitney inspired Arrhenius to develop the first quantitative climate model in 1896. After the launch in Dec. 16 1999, NASA's Earth Observing AM Satellite (EOS-Terra) will repeat Langley's experiment, but for the entire planet, thus pioneering a wide array of calibrated spectral observations from space of the Earth System. Conceived in response to real environmental problems, EOS-Terra, in conjunction with other international satellite efforts, will fill a major gap in current efforts by providing quantitative global data sets with a resolution better than 1 km on the physical, chemical and biological elements of the earth system. Thus, like Langley's data, EOS-Terra can revolutionize climate research by inspiring a new generation of climate system models and enable us to assess the human impact on the environment. In the talk I shall review the historical perspective of the Terra mission and the key new elements of the mission. We expect to have first images that demonstrate the most innovative capability from EOS Terra 5 instruments: MODIS - 1.37 micron cirrus cloud channel; 250m daily coverage for clouds and vegetation change; 7 solar channels for land and aerosol studies; new fire channels; Chlorophyll fluorescence; MISR - first 9 multi angle views of clouds and vegetation; MOPITT - first global CO maps and C114 maps; ASTER - Thermal channels for geological studies with 15-90 m resolution.

Vasculite testicular: uma manifestação rara de artrite reumatoide

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexandre Wagner S. de Souza

2013-08-01

Full Text Available A vasculite testicular é uma manifestação extra-articular muito rara da artrite reumatoide (AR. Descrevemos o caso de um homem de 53 anos com diagnóstico de AR por oito anos, sem controle adequado da doença. O paciente desenvolveu vasculite reumatoide, manifestada por úlceras de membros inferiores e neuropatia periférica. Apresentou ainda meningite neutrofílica aguda, tendo sido tratado com antibióticos e posterior pulsoterapia endovenosa com metilprednisolona (500 mg/dia por três dias, seguida de ciclofosfamida (2 mg/kg/ dia e prednisona orais. O paciente apresentou melhora do quadro, mas 15 dias após a alta hospitalar, houve reativação da meningite bacteriana. O paciente foi reinternado e tratado novamente com antibióticos. Três dias depois da segunda admissão hospitalar, o paciente apresentou dor, aumento de volume do testículo esquerdo e posteriormente gangrena. Foi realizada orquiectomia unilateral e o exame anatomopatológico revelou vasculite linfocítica. O paciente faleceu dois dias após a cirurgia devido a pneumonia aspirativa. Esse caso ilustra a vasculite testicular como uma manifestação rara e grave da vasculite reumatoide.

DISTRIBUIÇÃO E RIQUEZA DE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS RARAS EM FRAGMENTOS DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA AO LONGO DE UM GRADIENTE ALTITUDINAL, EM SANTA CATARINA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tiago de Souza Ferreira

2015-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMOEste estudo teve por objetivo analisar como a distribuição e riqueza de espécies raras em fragmentos de Floresta Ombrófila Mista ocorrem ao longo de um gradiente altitudinal. Para isso, espécies arbóreas (diâmetro à altura do peito > 5 cm foram amostradas em 10 fragmentos florestais localizados em diferentes pisos altitudinais do Planalto Sul-Catarinense, em uma área total de 10 ha. As espécies que apresentaram número de indivíduos igual ou inferior a 2 em pelo menos um fragmento foram classificadas como raras. A distribuição das espécies foi verificada por meio de dendrograma construído a partir do índice de distância florística de Jaccard e do algoritmo de agrupamento UPGMA. A riqueza total de espécies por fragmento e o número de espécies raras foram comparados entre as subformações montana e alto-montana, por meio do teste de Mann-Whitney (U. As relações entre altitude e os valores de riqueza total e número de espécies raras em cada fragmento foram determinadas por regressões lineares simples. Os resultados indicaram a formação de dois grandes grupos de espécies raras em função do piso altitudinal. Apesar de a riqueza total das comunidades reduzir com o aumento da altitude, o número de espécies raras não apresentou alterações significativas. Conclui-se que na região do Planalto Sul-Catarinense os fragmentos de Floresta Ombrófila Mista apresentam diferentes conjunto de espécies arbóreas raras de acordo com a altitude e que a diminuição da riqueza das comunidades com o aumento do piso altitudinal não é acompanhada pela redução do número de espécies raras.

Pele de Cordeiro? Associativismo e mercado na produção de cuidado para doenças raras.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rogério Lima BARBOSA

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar os atores presentes no campo do cuidado das doenças raras – Estado, mercado, comunidade –, avaliando o papel de cada um e as relações entre eles. Centra-se, sobretudo, na análise das associações da sociedade civil. As abordagens disponíveis, no interior das ciências sociais, possuem a particularidade de generalizarem as conclusões sobre as associações civis de doenças raras a partir de uma visão europeia e olharem maioritariamente para as grandes associações, que trabalham numa óptica de advocacy. Este trabalho pretende ser um contributo para alargar esta visão, contrapondo à experiência europeia, a realidade vivida na América Latina e, especificamente no Brasil.Ao realizar uma observação detalhada do trabalho das associações no domínio das doenças raras e das suas relações com o Estado, o mercado e as famílias, esta pesquisa chama a atenção para a prevalência de uma intervenção centrada na procura do medicamento, na qual os interesses mercantis dominam.A análise do jogo complexo entre atores no campo das doenças raras leva à identificação de um Modelo Utilitário do Cuidado, no qual os valores do capital fazem do paciente a matéria prima para a medicação e da família os agentes de produção para a comercialização. Neste caminho, as necessidades do paciente são invisibilizadas, a doença é vinculada diretamente ao medicamento e as abordagens multidisciplinares esquecidas. Ao pensar-se que a medicação é a forma de tratamento para quem sofre com alguma doença rara, tanto as associações de pacientes quanto o Estado desenvolvem as suas atividades para a produção de pesquisas e, posteriormente, venda de remédios.

Terra firma-forme dermatosis: a retrospective review of 31 patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Berk, David R

2012-01-01

Terra firma-forme dermatosis is an idiopathic condition characterized by acquired, dirtlike plaques despite normal hygiene. A diagnosis can be reached by removing lesions with gentle alcohol swabbing. Although Terra firma-forme dermatosis was first described more than 20 years ago and is thought to be not uncommon in clinical practice, it has never been systematically studied. There are few publications about this condition, including no case series of more than six patients. In particular, little is known about the incidence, peak age groups, and most common locations of Terra firma-forme dermatosis. A retrospective review was conducted to identify cases of Terra firma-forme dermatosis in a single-provider practice consisting of 55% pediatric and 45% adult patients. Thirty-one patients with Terra firma-forme dermatosis were identified, including 10 who presented with Terra firma-forme dermatosis as their primary concern. Only two patients were older than 17 years. The median duration of lesions was 4 months. The most common lesion locations were the neck, ankles, and face. Before presenting to the dermatology clinic, three patients had undergone endocrine evaluations, and four had been prescribed topical corticosteroids. Terra firma-forme dermatosis is relatively common and most often occurs in children on the neck or posterior malleolus. This series exemplifies the importance of recognizing Terra firma-forme dermatosis so as to provide rapid relief for patients and avoid unnecessary tests and treatments. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Development of vertical drilling apparatus (Terra-Drill); Entwicklung eines Vertikal-Bohrgeraets (Terra-Drill) - Schlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jenne, D.

2009-05-15

This well-illustrated final report for the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) reports on the development of a vertical drilling apparatus named Terra-Drill. The various stages of the development of the apparatus, which is based on earlier designs, is discussed. New norms issued in Germany for the size of boreholes for buried vertical heat-exchangers and the appropriate linings to be used are discussed. The new Terra Drill 4407 V drilling apparatus and its testing are discussed. The drill is quoted as being particularly suitable for cramped locations. Technical details are presented and a comprehensive collection of photographs is included. Various preliminary reports and development documentation are included.

Evidence for volcanism in NW Ishtar Terra, Venus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaddis, L.; Greeley, R.

1989-01-01

Venera 15/16 radar data for an area in NW Ishtar Terra, Venus, show an area with moderate radar return and a smooth textured surface which embays low lying areas of the surrounding mountainous terrain. Although this unit may be an extension of the lava plains of Lakshmi Planum to the southeast, detailed study suggests a separate volcanic center in NW Ishtar Terra. Lakshmi Planum, on the Ishtar Terra highland, exhibits major volcanic and tectonic features. On the Venera radar image radar brightness is influenced by slope and roughness; radar-facing slopes (east-facing) and rough surfaces (approx. 8 cm average relief) are bright, while west-facing slopes and smooth surfaces are dark. A series of semi-circular features, apparently topographic depressions, do not conform in orientation to major structural trends in this region of NW Ishtar Terra. The large depression in NW Ishtar Terra is similar to the calderas of Colette and Sacajawea Paterae, as all three structures are large irregular depressions. NW Ishtar Terra appears to be the site of a volcanic center with a complex caldera structure, possibly more than one eruptive vent, and associated lobed flows at lower elevations. The morphologic similarity between this volcanic center and those of Colette and Sacajawea suggests that centralized eruptions have been the dominant form of volcanism in Ishtar. The location of this volcanic center at the intersection of two major compressional mountain belts and the large size of the calders (with an inferred larg/deep magma source) support a crustal thickening/melting rather than a hot-spot origin for these magmas

Bilateral topographic symmetry patterns across Aphrodite Terra, Venus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crumpler, L.S.; Head, J.W.

1988-01-01

Western Aphrodite Terra, Venus, is characterized by a series of parallel linear structural discontinuities 2000--4000 km in length and 100--200 km wide, which strike at high angles to the general topographic trend of the Aphrodite Terra highlands. The broad chracteristics of the cross-strike discontinuities (CSDs) are similar to both strike-slip fault zones and terrestrial oceanic fracture zones. In an effort to distinguish between these two hypotheses, topographic profiles were taken across Aphrodite Terra to test for bilateral symmetry of the type associated with thermal boundary layer topography at divergent plate boundaries on Earth. In addition to a broad bilateral symmetry at a range of angles across Aphrodite Terra, detailed bilateral symmetry is observed within domains between linear discontinuities in directions generally parallel to the strike of the discontinuities. In addition, within a domain the centers of symmetry of several profiles define a linear rise crest that is oriented normal to the bounding CSDs and terminates against them

Terra firma-forme dermatosis

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Emel Erkek

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Terra firma-forme dermatosis is characterized by ′dirty′ brown-grey cutaneous patches and plaques that can simply be eradicated by forceful swabbing with alcohol pads. The pathogenesis has been attributed to abnormal and delayed keratinization. Although affected patients present with typical lesions, the disorder is not well-known by dermatologists. In this report, we describe two patients with terra firma-forme dermatosis in the setting of xerosis cutis and atopic dermatitis. From a clinical point of view, we lay emphasis on its unique expression and diagnosis/treatment. From a histological perspective, we highlight its resemblance to dermatosis neglecta and speculate on the role of ′neglect′ in a patient with seemingly adequate hygiene. The role of urea containing emollients in the development of this disorder remains to be determined.

Propuesta de un plan de mantenimiento para maquinaria pesada de la Empresa Minera Dynasty Mining del cantón Portovelo

OpenAIRE

Maldonado Villavicencio, Herman Manuel; Sigüenza Maldonado, Luis Alfredo

2012-01-01

El presente trabajo de investigación está orientado en la elaboración de una "Propuesta de un plan de mantenimiento para maquinaria pesada de la empresa minera Dynasty Mining del cantón Portovelo". El cual está dividido en 5 capítulos, los mismos que estarán subdivididos de tal manera que sean entendidos por las personas que vayan a poner en práctica el programa de mantenimiento propuesto. El primer capítulo trata sobre la introducción al mantenimiento, sus conceptos, su importancia y como...

Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Caiqin; Shen, Fengxian; Zhu, Yuning; Fang, Yuying; Lu, Shiming

2017-04-01

Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) participates in the regulation of telomere length, and leucocyte telomere length (LTL) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but little is known about the role of TERRA in PCOS. To evaluate the role of TERRA and peripheral blood LTL in PCOS. Forty women with PCOS and 35 healthy women without PCOS were recruited. A prospective case-control study was performed. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect TERRA expression in peripheral blood leucocyte. Quantitative PCR was used to measure TERRA expression and the mean LTL in the PCOS and control groups. We analysed the association between related clinical parameters and the age-adjusted ratio of the telomere repeat length (T/S ratio) or TERRA. Telomeric repeat-containing RNA was expressed in human peripheral blood leucocytes, and the signal was abolished after culture with RNase A. The age-adjusted LTLs were significantly longer in the PCOS group than in the control group (P PCOS group than in the control group (P PCOS group (r = 0·532, P = 0·002; r = -0·477, P = 0·017). We found TERRA expression in human peripheral blood leucocytes, and LTLs were positively associated with PCOS. TERRA and testosterone play an important role in the LTL regulation in PCOS. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Terra Harvest software architecture

Science.gov (United States)

Humeniuk, Dave; Klawon, Kevin

2012-06-01

Under the Terra Harvest Program, the DIA has the objective of developing a universal Controller for the Unattended Ground Sensor (UGS) community. The mission is to define, implement, and thoroughly document an open architecture that universally supports UGS missions, integrating disparate systems, peripherals, etc. The Controller's inherent interoperability with numerous systems enables the integration of both legacy and future UGS System (UGSS) components, while the design's open architecture supports rapid third-party development to ensure operational readiness. The successful accomplishment of these objectives by the program's Phase 3b contractors is demonstrated via integration of the companies' respective plug-'n'-play contributions that include controllers, various peripherals, such as sensors, cameras, etc., and their associated software drivers. In order to independently validate the Terra Harvest architecture, L-3 Nova Engineering, along with its partner, the University of Dayton Research Institute, is developing the Terra Harvest Open Source Environment (THOSE), a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) running on an embedded Linux Operating System. The Use Cases on which the software is developed support the full range of UGS operational scenarios such as remote sensor triggering, image capture, and data exfiltration. The Team is additionally developing an ARM microprocessor-based evaluation platform that is both energy-efficient and operationally flexible. The paper describes the overall THOSE architecture, as well as the design decisions for some of the key software components. Development process for THOSE is discussed as well.

Uso da técnica de dilatometria no estudo do efeito de diferentes aditivos na sinterização de Si3N4 Use of dilatometry to study the effect of different additives on the sintering of Si3N4

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S. Ribeiro

2000-03-01

Full Text Available Nos últimos anos vem sendo testados óxidos de terras raras pesadas como aditivos de sinterização, via fase líquida, do nitreto de silício (Si3N4. Este trabalho visou o estudo do comportamento da sinterização do Si3N4 aditivado com um concentrado de óxidos de ítrio e terras raras pesadas e sílica, nas quantidades de 14 e 21%. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com os apresentados quando do uso de óxido de ítrio e sílica, amplamente conhecidos como aditivos de sinterização de cerâmicas covalentes. Foi comparada também a influência da forma em que os aditivos foram usados, óxidos e dissilicatos. As experiências foram realizadas num dilatômetro e os resultados da sinterização são dados em termos de retração linear e velocidade de retração. Verificou-se que as amostras com maior quantidade de aditivos apresentaram maiores retrações, bem como velocidades de retração superiores. Para as amostras aditivadas com 14 e 21% de Y2O3/SiO2, os resultados foram de 13,1 e 15,5%, respectivamente, e para as aditivadas com concentrado/SiO2, 13,7 e 15,7%, respectivamente. Além disso, maiores retrações e razão de retração foram observadas para amostras com dissilicatos como aditivos, em comparação às amostras com a correspondente mistura de óxidos. Em todos os casos, as amostras aditivadas com o concentrado/SiO2, apresentaram retrações e velocidades de retração superiores às apresentadas pelas aditivadas com Y2O3/SiO2, mostrando ser mais eficiente como aditivo de sinterização do Si3N4.In recent years heavy rare earth oxides have been investigated as sinter additives in the liquid phase sintering of silicon nitride, Si3N4. This work reports on comparative sintering experiments of Si3N4 with yttria/silica and rare earth oxide concentrate/silica additions. The additive contents used were 14 and 21 vol%. The influence of pure oxide additions was compared to that of pre-reacted disilicates. The experiments were

Results of Statewide TerraNova Testing, Fall 1998.

Science.gov (United States)

La Marca, Paul M.

This summary provides key findings about state, district, and school level performance on the TerraNova examinations (CTB/McGraw Hill) in Nevada in 1998-1999. The TerraNova tests are used to assess students in grades 4, 8, and 10 as stipulated by Nevada law. Within this summary, a description of performance as measured by national percentile…

Influência do aquecimento artificial de ovos de matrizes pesadas sobre o rendimento de incubação

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P.M.M. Mendes

2014-06-01

Full Text Available O desenvolvimento embrionário nas aves tem início antes mesmo da postura. A variabilidade do estágio de desenvolvimento embrionário no momento da oviposição é conhecida e influencia a taxa de eclosão, uma vez que estágios muito avançados ou muito precoces são prejudiciais por tornarem os embriões mais sensíveis ao estresse do armazenamento. O aquecimento de ovos férteis no período entre a postura e o armazenamento vem sendo estudado como forma de reduzir os efeitos negativos do armazenamento sobre o rendimento de incubação por permitir que os embriões progridam até um estágio em que são mais aptos a suportar o estresse do armazenamento. Este experimento teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do aquecimento artificial de ovos de matrizes pesadas no período entre a coleta e o armazenamento sobre o rendimento de incubação e o peso do pinto ao nascimento. Foram utilizados 5.760 ovos de matrizes pesadas Cobb(r com 57 semanas de idade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, constituído por quatro tratamentos definidos com base no tempo de aquecimento dos ovos (zero, três, seis e nove horas. O aquecimento foi feito em câmara de fumigação a 30°C, e os ovos foram armazenados por três dias. O aquecimento artificial no período entre a coleta e o armazenamento não influenciou a eclodibilidade, a mortalidade embrionária e o peso do pinto ao nascimento, tendo sido, nessas circunstâncias, uma prática injustificada.

Terra Reversa. The transition to fair sustainability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, P.T.; De Meyere, V.

2009-01-01

Terra Reversa tells how to reverse present policy by means of integrating transition management and the 4E-model (Energy-Economy-Environment-Engineering) into a new vision for the transition to a socially fair, ecologically sustainable and economically stable model for our society. The question is whether one is willing to leave the beaten path. Terra Reversa is an argument to opt for a Green New Deal XL (a number of proposals to combat climate change) [nl

Qualidade físico-química e sensorial da carne de peito de matrizes pesadas de descarte

OpenAIRE

Komiyama,Claudia Marie; Mendes,Ariel Antonio; Sanfelice,Cristiane; Cañizares,Marleide Costa; Roça,Roberto de Oliveira; Takahashi,Sabrina Endo; Rodrigues,Luciana; Cañizares,Gil Ignácio Lara; Paz,Ibiara Correia de Lima Almeida; Cardoso,Karen Franco de Godoi

2010-01-01

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as características de qualidade: pH, cor, valor R, perda por exsudação, capacidade de retenção e absorção de água, capacidade de emulsificação, perdas por cocção, força de cisalhamento e análise sensorial da carne de matrizes pesadas de descarte de frangos de corte. A carne de peito de matrizes apresentou valores médios do parâmetro pH, valor R, perda por exsudação e valor de L* de 5,70, 1,43, 2,00 e 50,11, respectivamente. Para a capacidade de rete...

Síndrome de Mauriac: forma rara do diabetes mellitus tipo 1

OpenAIRE

Maia, Frederico F.R.; Araújo, Levimar R.

2002-01-01

O diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) é uma das doenças endócrino-metabólicas mais importantes na faixa etária pediátrica, podendo se manifestar com alterações sistêmicas decorrentes do controle glicêmico inadequado, como hepatomegalia e déficit de crescimento. Apresentamos o caso de uma criança com DM1 descompensado, evoluindo com sinais clínicos e laboratoriais sugestivos de síndrome de Mauriac. Alertamos para a importância do conhecimento dessa forma rara de DM1, buscando orientar e esclarecer ...

Comportamento físico-hídrico de um podzólico vermelho-amarelo câmbico fase terraço sob diferentes sistemas de manejo Physico-hydric behavior of a red yellow cambic podzolic soil terrace phase under different management systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Jorge Maklouf Carvalho

1999-02-01

Full Text Available O estudo foi desenvolvido no município de Viçosa, MG, na fazenda Fundão, pertencente ao câmpus da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV, com o fim de verificar o comportamento físico- hídrico de um Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo câmbico fase terraço, sob diferentes sistemas de manejo. Foi utilizado delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: 1 - arado de aiveca; 2 - arado de discos; 3 - grade pesada; 4 - plantio direto; 5 - testemunha, com as parcelas mantidas em pousio. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: teores de matéria orgânica; granulometria; densidade do solo; densidade de partículas; porosidade total, macroporosidade, microporosidade, agregados e curva de retenção da água no solo. Pode-se concluir que: o uso da grade pesada reduz os teores de matéria orgânica na camada de 0-15 cm; a utilização da grade pesada acarreta adensamento da camada superficial; o revolvimento do solo ocasiona maior macroporosidade; o sistema plantio direto proporciona menor desagregação do solo; o sistema plantio direto garante maior retenção de água.The study was carried out in the county of Viçosa, MG, Brazil, in the campus of Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV. The objective was to study the physico-hydric behavior of a Red Yellow Cambic Podzolic soil terrace phase under different management systems. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design, with five treatments and four replications. Treatments were: 1- moldboard plow; 2- disk plow; 3- heavy disk harrow; 4- no tillage; 5- control (fallow. Organic matter, texture, bulk density, particle density, total porosity, macro-porosity and micro-porosity, agregates and soil moisture tension curves were measured. Results indicate that: soil organic matter is slightly greater in no-tillage and control plots, and reduces in heavy disk plots in the surface 15 cm of the profile; cultivation with heavy machinery

Programas de iluminação para poedeiras semi-pesadas

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Clóvis Eliseu Gewehr

2011-10-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2012v25n1p151 Com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes programas de iluminação para poedeiras de alto desempenho, o experimento foi conduzido utilizando-se 420 poedeiras semipesadas criadas sobre cama durante 140 dias, dividido em cinco períodos de 28 dias. Foram utilizados três programas: contínuo de 16h de luz e 8h de escuro; programa intermitente com duas fotofases de 2min equidistantes em 16h entre a luz natural e programa com apenas luz natural decrescente. Avaliou-se consumo de ração (g/ave/dia, produção de ovos (%/ave/dia, peso de ovos (g, massa dos ovos (g, conversão alimentar (g/g e gravidade específica dos ovos (g/cm3. Os resultados foram submetidos a analise de variança e as diferenças ao teste de Tukey (5%. Aves submetidas ao programa intermitente e luz natural decrescente tiveram menor (P<0,05 produção de ovos, consumo de ração e peso de ovos em relação ao programa contínuo de 16h. Programa intermitente com fotofases de 2min e programa de luz natural decrescente não são eficientes para ser fornecido às poedeiras semi-pesadas no início do período de postura.

Identification of new genomospecies in the Mycobacterium terrae complex.

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Yun Fong Ngeow

Full Text Available Members of the Mycobacterium terrae complex are slow-growing, non-chromogenic acid-fast bacilli found in the natural environment and occasionally in clinical material. These genetically closely-related members are difficult to differentiate by conventional phenotypic and molecular tests. In this paper we describe the use of whole genome data for the identification of four strains genetically similar to Mycobacterium sp. JDM601, a newly identified member of the M. terrae complex. Phylogenetic information from the alignment of genome-wide orthologous genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms show consistent clustering of the four strains together with M. sp. JDM601 into a distinct clade separate from other rapid and slow growing mycobacterial species. More detailed inter-strain comparisons using average nucleotide identity, tetra-nucleotide frequencies and analysis of synteny indicate that our strains are closely related to but not of the same species as M. sp. JDM601. Besides the 16S rRNA signature described previously for the M. terrae complex, five more hypothetical proteins were found that are potentially useful for the rapid identification of mycobacterial species belonging to the M. terrae complex. This paper illustrates the versatile utilization of whole genome data for the delineation of new bacterial species and introduces four new genomospecies to add to current members in the M. terrae complex.

10 years of Terra Outreach over the Internet

Science.gov (United States)

Yuen, K.; Riebeek, H.; Chambers, L. H.

2009-12-01

1 Author Yuen, Karen JPL (818) 393-7716 2 Author Riebeek, Holli Sigma Space Corporation (department) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (Institution), Greenbelt, Maryland 3 Author Chambers, Lin NASA Abstract: Since launch, Terra has returned about 195 gigabytes (level 0) of data per day or 1 terabyte every 5 days. Few outlets were able to accommodate and quickly share that amount of information as well as the Internet. To honor the 10-year anniversary of the launch of Terra, we would like to highlight the education and outreach efforts of the Terra mission on the Internet and its reach to the science attentive public. The Internet or web has been the primary way of delivering Terra content to different groups- from formal and informal education to general public outreach. Through the years, many different web-based projects have been developed, and they were of service to a growing population of the science attentive public. One of Terra’s original EPO activities was the Earth Observatory. It was initially dedicated to telling the remote sensing story of Terra, but quickly grew to include science and imagery from other sensors. The web site allowed for collaboration across NASA centers, universities and other organizations by exchanging and sharing of story ideas, news and images. The award winning Earth Observatory helped pave the way for the more recently funded development of the Climate Change website. With its specific focus on climate change studies, once again, Terra stories and images are shared with an even more specific audience base. During the last 10 years, Terra as a mission has captured the imagination of the public through its visually stunning and artistically arresting images. With its five instruments of complementary but unique capabilities, the mission gave the world not just pretty pictures, but scientific data-based images. The world was able to see from space everything from calving icebergs to volcanic eruption plumes and the eye of a

Cócs. Hallmark of the Terra Alta

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Maria Del Loreto Meix

2004-04-01

Full Text Available This article looks at the traditional cake making in the Terra Alta (Catalonien area linked to festivities, and in particular the pastries usually made. In this area the pastries are known as cócs, a word common to Terra Alta and the neighbouring districts of Ribera d'Ebre and the Priorat. Locally produced mistelle, sweet or rancid wine is served with the pastries. Nowadays, the bakeries and cake makers in the area's towns and villages also produce traditionally crafted products, that used only to be homemade.The article, resulting from the final degree project produced by the author for her Humanities degree at the UOC, offers a privileged look at the richness of the Terra Alta in terms of its gastronomic history, customs and its high regard for its cakes. The author, who has previous experience in the field, places the specific aspects of Terra Alta cake making in the context of the Mediterranean cultures with common roots dating back to the ancient and medieval worlds and which still have an easily identifiable "family feel", whilst looking, from an ethnographic point of view, at what she calls the "world of wheat" in the area, (the dough for bread, the craft of the baker, the ovens and other tools, and the associated traditions, among other things. In short, she rescues a living part of the local day-to-day activities and places it under the microscope of food history, whilst providing information that may well be of interest for study from other points of view.

Sistema fuzzy para estimativa do bem-estar de matrizes pesadas System fuzzy for estimate of welfare of broiler breeders

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Danilo F. Pereira

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Entender o comportamento e suas pequenas variações decorrentes das mudanças do ambiente térmico e desenvolver modelos que simulem o bem-estar a partir de respostas das aves ao ambiente constituem o primeiro passo para a criação de um sistema de monitoramento digital de aves em galpões de produção. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um sistema de suporte à decisão com base na teoria dos conjuntos fuzzy para a estimativa do bem-estar de matrizes pesadas em função de frequências e duração dos comportamentos expressos pelas aves. O desenvolvimento do sistema passou por cinco etapas distintas: 1 organização dos dados experimentais; 2 apresentação dos vídeos em entrevista com "especialista"; 3 criação das funções de pertinência com base nas entrevistas e na revisão da literatura; 4 simulação de frequências de ocorrências e tempos médios de expressão dos comportamentos classificados como indicadores de bem-estar utilizando equações de regressão obtidas na literatura, e 5 construção das regras, simulação e validação do sistema. O sistema fuzzy desenvolvido estimou satisfatoriamente o bem-estar de matrizes pesadas, tendo na sua última versão, com maior número de regras, acertado 77,8% dos dados experimentais, comparados com as respostas esperadas por um especialista. O sistema pode ser utilizado como instrumento matemático-computacional para apoiar decisões em galpões de produção de matrizes pesadas.To understand the behavior and its small variations originated from changes of the thermal environment and to develop models that simulate the welfare from broiler breeders' answer to the environment constitute the first step for the creation of a system for digital monitoring of broiler breeders housing. In this paper it was developed a system of decision support based on the fuzzy conjuncts' theory to estimate the welfare of broiler breeders in function of frequencies and times of occurrences of behaviors. The

Deserts in the Deluge: TerraPopulus and Big Human-Environment Data.

Science.gov (United States)

Manson, S M; Kugler, T A; Haynes, D

2016-01-01

Terra Populus, or TerraPop, is a cyberinfrastructure project that integrates, preserves, and disseminates massive data collections describing characteristics of the human population and environment over the last six decades. TerraPop has made a number of GIScience advances in the handling of big spatial data to make information interoperable between formats and across scientific communities. In this paper, we describe challenges of these data, or 'deserts in the deluge' of data, that are common to spatial big data more broadly, and explore computational solutions specific to microdata, raster, and vector data models.

Terra Nova breaks new ground for alliances

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghiselin, D.

1996-01-01

This paper reviews the development of alliances to help develop the Terra Nova oil and gas field in the offshore Atlantic areas of Canada. Largely attributed to BP, the strategic alliance concept got its start in the North Sea and on the North Slope of Alaska. BP saw it as the best way to take advantage of economy-of-scale, mitigate risk, and achieve outsourcing goals while retaining their core competencies. This paper reviews the methods of developing the alliances, the developing of a development plan for the Terra Nova field, and how the alliance plans to maximize the profittability of the operation for all involved

Las producciones de Terra Sigillata Altoimperial de Sisapo (La Bienvenida, Ciudad Real II. Terra Sigillata Hispánica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carmen Fernández Ochoa

1993-01-01

Full Text Available La Terra Sigillata Hispánica constituye el conjunto mejor representado en el marco de las producciones de vajilla fina romana proporcionadas por el yacimiento sisaponense. Presentamos en esta ocasión, el análisis de los ejemplares de fabricación hispana atendiendo a la distinción de los centros productores de que se abasteció este núcleo. Nuestro trabajo finaliza con una valoración global acerca de la evolución cronológica y comercial reflejada por las tres producciones de Terra Sigillata Altoimperial identificadas en el yacimiento: TSI, TSG y TSH, tras presentar las dos primeras en el anterior número de esta misma publicación.

Bringing Terra Science to the People: 10 years of education and public outreach

Science.gov (United States)

Riebeek, H.; Chambers, L. H.; Yuen, K.; Herring, D.

2009-12-01

The default image on Apple's iPhone is a blue, white, green and tan globe: the Blue Marble. The iconic image was produced using Terra data as part of the mission's education and public outreach efforts. As far-reaching and innovative as Terra science has been over the past decade, Terra education and public outreach efforts have been equally successful. This talk will provide an overview of Terra's crosscutting education and public outreach projects, which have reached into educational facilities—classrooms, museums, and science centers, across the Internet, and into everyday life. The Earth Observatory web site was the first web site designed for the public that told the unified story of what we can learn about our planet from all space-based platforms. Initially conceived as part of Terra mission outreach in 1999, the web site has won five Webby awards, the highest recognition a web site can receive. The Visible Earth image gallery is a catalogue of NASA Earth imagery that receives more than one million page views per month. The NEO (NASA Earth Observations) web site and WMS (web mapping service) tool serves global data sets to museums and science centers across the world. Terra educational products, including the My NASA Data web service and the Students' Cloud Observations Online (S'COOL) project, bring Terra data into the classroom. Both projects target multiple grade levels, ranging from elementary school to graduate school. S'COOL uses student observations of clouds to help validate Terra data. Students and their parents have puzzled over weekly "Where on Earth" geography quizzes published on line. Perhaps the most difficult group to reach is the large segment of the public that does not seek out science information online or in a science museum or classroom. To reach these people, EarthSky produced a series of podcasts and radio broadcasts that brought Terra science to more than 30 million people in 2009. Terra imagery, including the Blue Marble, have

Avaliação de sistemas de terras

OpenAIRE

Pita, Fernando Jorge

2016-01-01

Conseguir o valor ótimo de terra é fundamental para a segurança e eficiência de uma instalação elétrica. Muitos profissionais têm dificuldade em determinar o método ideal e por vezes recorrem às tentativas, conseguindo na maioria dos casos o valor desejado espontaneamente sem perceber muito bem como o encontrou. Será importante compreender a influencia do solo, os vátios métodos para conseguir uma boa terra e como decidir quanto á profundidade dos elétrodos. Poderemos tendo em considera...

Climate, migration, and the local food security context: Introducing Terra Populus

Science.gov (United States)

Schlak, Allison M.; Kugler, Tracy A.

2016-01-01

Studies investigating the connection between environmental factors and migration are difficult to execute because they require the integration of microdata and spatial information. In this article, we introduce the novel, publically available data extraction system Terra Populus (TerraPop), which was designed to facilitate population-environment studies. We showcase the use of TerraPop by exploring variations in the climate-migration association in Burkina Faso and Senegal based on differences in the local food security context. Food security was approximated using anthropometric indicators of child stunting and wasting derived from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and linked to the TerraPop extract of climate and migration information. We find that an increase in heat waves was associated with a decrease in international migration from Burkina Faso, while excessive precipitation increased international moves from Senegal. Significant interactions reveal that the adverse effects of heat waves and droughts are strongly amplified in highly food insecure Senegalese departments. PMID:27974863

Establishment of a humanized APL model via the transplantation of PML-RARA-transduced human common myeloid progenitors into immunodeficient mice.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hiromichi Matsushita

Full Text Available Recent advances in cancer biology have revealed that many malignancies possess a hierarchal system, and leukemic stem cells (LSC or leukemia-initiating cells (LIC appear to be obligatory for disease progression. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL, a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia characterized by the formation of a PML-RARα fusion protein, leads to the accumulation of abnormal promyelocytes. In order to understand the precise mechanisms involved in human APL leukemogenesis, we established a humanized in vivo APL model involving retroviral transduction of PML-RARA into CD34(+ hematopoietic cells from human cord blood and transplantation of these cells into immunodeficient mice. The leukemia well recapitulated human APL, consisting of leukemic cells with abundant azurophilic abnormal granules in the cytoplasm, which expressed CD13, CD33 and CD117, but not HLA-DR and CD34, were clustered in the same category as human APL samples in the gene expression analysis, and demonstrated sensitivity to ATRA. As seen in human APL, the induced APL cells showed a low transplantation efficiency in the secondary recipients, which was also exhibited in the transplantations that were carried out using the sorted CD34- fraction. In order to analyze the mechanisms underlying APL initiation and development, fractionated human cord blood was transduced with PML-RARA. Common myeloid progenitors (CMP from CD34(+/CD38(+ cells developed APL. These findings demonstrate that CMP are a target fraction for PML-RARA in APL, whereas the resultant CD34(- APL cells may share the ability to maintain the tumor.

Desenvolvimento de cultivares de soja em função do grupo de maturação e tipo de crescimento em terras altas e terras baixas

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Alencar Junior Zanon

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o desenvolvimento de cultivares de soja com diferentes grupos de maturação e tipos de crescimento em terras altas e terras baixas no Rio Grande do Sul. Foram conduzidas nove épocas de semeadura em Santa Maria (ambiente de terras altas e uma época de semeadura em Capão do Leão (ambiente de terras baixas durante os anos agrícolas 2010/2011, 2011/2012 e 2012/2013, com 11 cultivares de soja. O delineamento experimental em todos os experimentos foi blocos ao acaso, em parcelas subdivididas. Foi quantificada a duração, em ºC dia, do ciclo de desenvolvimento, da fase vegetativa e reprodutiva, e do período entre a data que ocorreu o início do florescimento e o número final de nós para todas as épocas e locais de semeadura. Houve redução da duração da fase reprodutiva, do ciclo total de desenvolvimento (exceto algumas cultivares semeadas em setembro, com o atraso da data de semeadura independentemente do grupo de maturação e tipo de crescimento. As semeaduras de setembro, janeiro e fevereiro promovem uma redução da fase vegetativa na maioria das cultivares quando comparadas com a época recomendada (novembro e dezembro. Cultivares indeterminadas apresentam um maior período de sobreposição das fases vegetativa e reprodutiva do que as cultivares determinadas em todas as épocas e locais de cultivo. O desenvolvimento da soja é similar quando cultivada em terras altas e terras baixas.

Complicação Rara Pós-Laringectomia Subtotal Reconstrutiva com Cricohioidoepiglotopexia

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Inês Palma Delgado

2017-09-01

prazo destes procedimentos, que é evitada com traqueotomia temporária. As estenoses laríngeas pós-laringectomia subtotais reconstrutivas são pouco comuns e atrasam o processo de descanulação. Apresenta-se o caso clínico de um doente submetido a cricohioidoepiglotopexia com uma complicação pós-operatória rara caracterizada por uma epiglote muito descida e com báscula posterior, causando estenose laríngea e atraso da descanulação. Esta complicação foi resolvida com sucesso por microcirurgia laríngea com laser CO2. Recebido: 11/09/2016 - Aceite: 17/10/2016

Escores de cloaca e de crista e morfometria testicular em galos de matriz pesada com 71 semanas de idade e três categorias de peso corporal

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C.A. Rezende

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Em galos de matriz pesada, o peso dos testículos se associa positivamente com a produção diária de espermatozoides e com a fertilidade. Contudo, os testículos de aves se localizam na cavidade abdominal, não sendo acessíveis para exame andrológico como os testículos de mamíferos. A avaliação reprodutiva de galos de matriz pesada é subjetiva e se baseia em características como peso corporal (PC, qualidade de pés e pernas e morfologia de cloaca e crista. Estudos que validem o potencial de associação dessas características fenotípicas com parâmetros da morfometria testicular são raros, principalmente quando se consideram galos de matriz pesada manejados em lotes comerciais. Escores de cloaca e de crista e parâmetros da morfometria testicular foram avaliados em galos Cobb 500 Slow adultos das categorias de PC leve (<4,300kg, médio (entre 4,300 e 5,250kg e pesado (≥5,250kg. O coeficiente de variação para PC foi de 12%. Os galos da categoria de PC pesado apresentaram testículos mais pesados e maiores escores de cloaca e de crista do que os galos da categoria de PC leve. Não houve diferença estatística entre as categorias de PC, considerando-se índice gonadossomático, porcentagens de túbulo seminífero e de tecido intersticial, diâmetro de túbulo seminífero e altura de epitélio seminífero. Correlação positiva, moderada e significativa foi observada entre peso de testículo e características de PC, escores de cloaca e de crista, diâmetro de túbulo seminífero e altura de epitélio seminífero. Um dos seis galos da categoria de PC leve avaliados quanto à histologia de testículo apresentou atrofia testicular. Em galos Cobb 500 Slow, conclui-se que o PC influencia o peso e a qualidade histológica de testículos e que os escores de cloaca e de crista podem ser utilizados com potencial moderado de predição para identificar galos com baixo peso de testículos.

Urihi A: A Terra-Floresta Yanomami

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James R. Welch

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Review of Urihi A: A Terra-Floresta Yanomami. Bruce Albert and William Milliken with Gale Goodwin Gomez. São Paulo: Instituto Socioambiental, 2009. 207 pp., illustrations, tables, bibliography, appendices, index. Paperback ISBN: 978‐85 85994‐72‐3.

Archaeometric characterization of Terra Sigillata Hispanica from Granada workshops

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Aranda, M. A. G.

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Terra Sigillata was a Roman pottery, which was also produced in several workshops in Hispania. Two known workshops at Granada (Cartuja and Carmen de la Muralla, or Albayzin are known to have produced both typical Terra Sigillata and low-gloss coating related pottery. Potsherds from these workshops have been thoroughly studied from an archaeological approach, but not by analytical chemistry techniques. Here, we report a full characterization of nine selected samples from these workshops and also a tenth sample, Terra Sigillata made in the Gaul, for comparison. The pastes characterization includes elemental analysis from XRF and quantitative mineralogical analysis by Rietveld analysis of XRPD data. Cluster analysis to both types of data has been carried out. SEM-EDX and GI-XRPD have been used to characterize the slips of the pottery. The elemental analysis results for the pastes suggest that terra sigillata potsherds from both workshops were likely made from the same clay, different to that used to make the low-gloss coating pottery. The firing temperatures have been estimated from the phase assemblages being about 900-950ºC for the Granada sigillata.

La Terra Sigillata fue una cerámica romana, que se produjo también en varios talleres en Hispania. Los talleres ubicados en Granada (Cartuja y Carmen de la Muralla, o Albayzín produjeron Terra Sigillata y cerámicas de barniz mate. Ambos talleres han sido ampliamente estudiados desde un punto de vista arqueológico, pero no mediante técnicas analíticas. En este trabajo, se estudian nueve muestras de estas producciones, y una décima de Terra Sigillata producida en la Galia, para su comparación. La caracterización de las pastas incluye análisis elemental por XRF, y análisis mineralógico cuantitativo mediante análisis de Rietveld de los datos de XRPD. Estos dos conjuntos de datos también se han evaluados mediante análisis de

PREVALENCIA Y MORTALIDAD DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE HUNTINGTON A PARTIR DEL REGISTRO POBLACIONAL DE ENFERMEDADES RARAS DE LAS ISLAS BALEARES DURANTE EL PERÍODO 2010-2013

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Mercedes Cáffaro Rovira

2017-01-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad de Huntington (EH es una enfermedad hereditaria de baja prevalencia, por lo que se incluye en los registros de enfermedades raras. El registro poblacional de enfermedades raras de las Islas Baleares se inició en el año 2010. Previamente no existían datos de prevalencia y mortalidad de la EH en las Islas Baleares. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y la mortalidad de la enfermedad de Huntington en las Islas Baleares durante el periodo 2010-2013. Métodos: Se utilizaron como fuentes de información el registro poblacional de enfermedades raras de las Islas Baleares, del que se obtuvieron los casos diagnosticados, el Registro de mortalidad de las Islas Baleares, del que se obtuvieron los casos fallecidos, el registro del Servicio de Salud de las Islas Baleares del que se obtuvieron el número de tarjetas sanitarias y del Instituto Nacional de Estadística se obtuvieron los datos de población. Se calcularon las tasas de prevalencia y de mortalidad. Resultados: El registro poblacional de enfermedades raras de las Islas Baleares durante el periodo 2010-2013 registró 27 casos de EH. El 63% fueron mujeres. La tasa de prevalencia fue de 2,6 por 105 y la tasa de mortalidad de 1,1 por 105. La isla de Menorca fue la más afectada con una prevalencia de 5,9 por 105 y una mortalidad de 2,1 por 105. Conclusiones: La prevalencia y mortalidad de la EH en las Islas Baleares son bajas en comparación con zonas del entorno.

Infecção cutânea rara por Acinetobacter baumannii em imunocompetente: relato de um caso

OpenAIRE

Cirino,Pablo Vitoriano; Guimarães,Newton Sales; Follador,Ivonise

2008-01-01

O Acinetobacter baumanni é patógeno oportunista antigamente considerado de baixa virulência. Atualmente está envolvido em processos infecciosos que acometem pacientes imunocomprometidos,grandes queimados e pacientes em unidades de terapia intensiva que fazem uso de ventilação mecânica. Esse relato de caso chama atenção para infecção cutânea rara por essa bactéria em paciente imunocompetente.

Assessment of DNA damage and repair in Mycobacterium terrae after exposure to UV irradiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Bohrerova, Z; Linden, K G

2006-11-01

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for drinking water treatment was examined for inactivation and subsequent dark and photo-repair of Mycobacterium terrae. UV sources tested were low pressure (monochromatic, 254 nm) and medium pressure (polychromatic UV output) Hg lamps. UV exposure resulted in inactivation, and was followed by dark or photo-repair experiments. Inactivation and repair were quantified utilizing a molecular-based endonuclease sensitive site (ESS) assay and conventional colony forming unit (CFU) viability assay. Mycobacterium terrae was more resistant to UV disinfection compared to many other bacteria, with approximately 2-log reduction at a UV fluence of 10 mJ cm(-2) ; similar to UV inactivation of M. tuberculosis. There was no difference in inactivation between monochromatic or polychromatic UV lamps. Mycobacterium terrae did not undergo detectable dark repair. Photo-repair resulted in recovery from inactivation by approximately 0.5-log in less than 30 min for both UV lamp systems. Mycobacterium terrae is able to photo-repair DNA damage within a short timeframe. The number of pyrimidine dimers induced by UV light were similar for Escherichia coli and M. terrae, however, this similarity did not hold true for viability results. There is no practical difference between UV sources for disinfection or prevention of DNA repair for M. terrae. The capability of M. terrae to photo-repair UV damage fairly quickly is important for wastewater treatment applications where disinfected effluent is exposed to sunlight. Finally, molecular based assay results should be evaluated with respect to differences in the nucleic acid content of the test micro-organism.

Minúsculas repúblicas em Terra Fria de Ferreira de Castro

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Iza Gonçalves Quelhas

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo propõe uma leitura do romance Terra fria (1934, de Ferreira de Castro, autor de nacionalidade portuguesa, a partir da concepção de cronotopo de Mikhail Bakhtin, com relevo para os múltiplos significados do signo fronteira que incorpora ao romance valores éticos e estéticos. Palavras-chave: Terra fria, Ferreira de Castro, cronotopo,Mikhail Bakhtin.

Tree communities of white-sand and terra-firme forests of the upper Rio Negro Comunidades de árvores em florestas de campinarana e de terra-firme do alto Rio Negro

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Juliana Stropp

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The high tree diversity and vast extent of Amazonian forests challenge our understanding of how tree species abundance and composition varies across this region. Information about these parameters, usually obtained from tree inventories plots, is essential for revealing patterns of tree diversity. Numerous tree inventories plots have been established in Amazonia, yet, tree species composition and diversity of white-sand and terra-firme forests of the upper Rio Negro still remain poorly understood. Here, we present data from eight new one-hectare tree inventories plots established in the upper Rio Negro; four of which were located in white-sand forests and four in terra-firme forests. Overall, we registered 4703 trees > 10 cm of diameter at breast height. These trees belong to 49 families, 215 genera, and 603 species. We found that tree communities of terra-firme and white-sand forests in the upper Rio Negro significantly differ from each other in their species composition. Tree communities of white-sand forests show a higher floristic similarity and lower diversity than those of terra-firme forests. We argue that mechanisms driving differences between tree communities of white-sand and terra-firme forests are related to habitat size, which ultimately influences large-scale and long-term evolutionary processes.A vasta extensão e a alta diversidade de árvores das florestas na Amazônia desafiam a nossa compreensão sobre como variam a composição e abundância de espécies arbóreas ao longo desta região. Informações sobre estes parâmetros, geralmente obtidas a partir de inventários florísticos, são fundamentais para análises sobre padrões de diversidade. Embora inúmeros inventários florísticos tenham sido estabelecidos na Amazônia, a composição de espécies e a diversidade de árvores das florestas de campinarana e de terra-firme, na região do alto Rio Negro, permanecem ainda pouco conhecidas. Aqui, apresentamos dados de invent

Exílio e diáspora nas personagens de ficção Paulo Martins (Terra em transe) e Paco (Terra estrangeira)

OpenAIRE

Soares, Paulo Marcondes Ferreira; UFPE

2014-01-01

O estudo centra-se em aspectos dados às configurações das personagens Paulo Martins, do filme Terra em transe (Glauber Rocha, 1967), e Paco, do filme Terra estrangeira (Walter Salles e Daniela Thomas, 1996), relativamente às dimensões identitárias, políticas e de contextualidade (tempo diegético e espaço diegético) vividas por essas personagens na sociedade interna dos filmes vis a vis às dimensões culturais e identitárias, mas, também, políticas e contextuais em que tais películas foram prod...

Cuervo, rana y tortuga en Gönnersdord : Animales representados raras veces, que han sido dibujados perfectamente

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Hannelore Bosinski

2005-01-01

Full Text Available En las placas de pizarra del yacimiento magdaleniense de Gönnersdorf (Renania, Alemania encontramos, junto con muchas otras representaciones, un cuervo, una rana y una tortuga. A pesar de que estos animales han sido representados en raras ocasiones, estas figuras son vivas y con muchos detalles anatómicos. Tomando en consideración que los animales no sirvieron de modelo mientras eran dibujados, estas figuras fueron realizadas tras una observación intensiva y dibujadas por artistas con genio eidético.

New Terra Nullius Narratives and the Gentrification of Africa's "Empty Lands"

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Charles Geisler

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Extraterritorial ownership and control of sub-Saharan African land have a long and troubledhistory. This research investigates a much-studied practice—the recent enclosure of African landand resources—but asks a little-studied question: how are non-Africans reasserting terra nulliusnarratives of the past to justify the present transformation of African landscapes? The answersuggested here lies in a bulwark of de facto terra nullius claims couched in security needs of theglobal North and referenced to the low density of Africa’s rural population, its land and laborunder-utilization, the ambiguity of its land tenure and related low yields, and its “arrested”civilization. De facto terra nullius is neither narrow in scope nor static in application. It isstirring again as a potent justificatory logic for north-south land relations.

From Soup to Nuts: How Terra has enabled the growth of NASA Earth science communication

Science.gov (United States)

Ward, K.; Carlowicz, M. J.; Allen, J.; Voiland, A.; Przyborski, P.

2014-12-01

The birth of NASA's Earth Observatory website in 1999 closely mirrored the launch of Terra and over the years its growth has paralleled that of the Earth Observing System (EOS) program. With the launch of Terra, NASA gained an extraordinary platform that not only promised new science capabilities but gave us the data and imagery for telling the stories behind the science. The Earth Observatory Group was founded to communicate these stories to the public. We will present how we have used the capabilities of all the Terra instruments over the past 15 years to expand the public's knowledge of NASA Earth science. The ever-increasing quantity and quality of Terra data, combined with technological improvements to data availability and services has allowed the Earth Observatory and, as a result, the greater science-aware media, to greatly expand the visibility of NASA data and imagery. We will offer thoughts on best practices in using these multi-faceted instruments for public communication and we will share how we have worked with Terra science teams and affiliated systems to see the potential stories in their data and the value of providing the data in a timely fashion. Terra has allowed us to tell the stories of our Earth today like never before.

Accelerator mass spectrometry researches at NIES-TERRA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shibata, Yasuyuki; Yoneda, Minoru; Tanaka, Atsushi; Uehiro, Takashi; Morita, Masatoshi; Uchida, Masao; Yoshinaga, Jun

2003-01-01

In the AMS facility at the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES-TERRA; Tandem accelerator for Environmental Research and Radiocarbon Analysis), several research programs have been proceeded, including a program, called GC-AMS, for the compound-specific 14 C analysis in environmental samples

Terra Firma-forme Dermatosis

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Anagha Ramesh Babu

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Terra firma-forme dermatosis is a cutaneous discoloration. ‘Dirty’ brown grey cutaneous patches and plaques that can be rid off by forceful swabbing with alcohol pads characterize it. The pathogenesis has been attributed to abnormal and delayed keratinization. It poses no medical threat. A 40-year-old male patient presented to the Department of Dermatology with a 2-3 month history of persistent pigmented patches on both upper arms. The lesions were not associated with itching or burning sensation. He gives no history of exacerbation on exposure to the sun.

Characteristics of Intracrater Thermal Anomalies in Southwestern Margaritifer Terra

Science.gov (United States)

McDowell, M. L.; Hamilton, V. E.

2005-03-01

We use thermophysical properties, albedo, short wavelength emissivity, composition, and geomorphology to understand the formation of anomalously warm intracrater deposits in southwestern Margaritifer Terra.

Terra Defender Cyber-Physical Wargame

Science.gov (United States)

2017-04-01

time. However, the WHITE team did not offer game-dollar rewards for these actions and this probably caused low motivation for note-taking. In general...helped to achieve a better understanding of how Army supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system and device security can be modeled and...managed. Terra game players obtained first-hand experience in attacking and defending a live (“operational”) SCADA system that was located in a testbed

Os direitos da mulher à terra e os movimentos sociais rurais na reforma agrária brasileira

OpenAIRE

Deere,Carmen Diana

2004-01-01

Este artigo examina a evolução da reivindicação dos direitos da mulher à terra na reforma agrária brasileira sob o prisma dos três principais movimentos sociais rurais: o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), os sindicatos rurais e o movimento autônomo de mulheres rurais. O mérito maior por levantar a questão dos direitos da mulher à terra é das mulheres dentro dos sindicatos rurais. Os direitos formais das mulheres à terra foram conseguidos na reforma constitucional de 1988, e ...

TERRA Expression Levels Do Not Correlate With Telomere Length and Radiation Sensitivity in Human Cancer Cell Lines

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Alexandra eSmirnova

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Mammalian telomeres are transcribed into long non-coding telomeric RNA molecules (TERRA that seem to play a role in the maintenance of telomere stability. In human cells, CpG island promoters drive TERRA transcription and are regulated by methylation. It was suggested that the amount of TERRA may be related to telomere length. To test this hypothesis we measured telomere length and TERRA levels in single clones isolated from five human cell lines: HeLa (cervical carcinoma, BRC-230 (breast cancer, AKG and GK2 (gastric cancers and GM847 (SV40 immortalized skin fibroblasts. We observed great clonal heterogeneity both in TRF (Terminal Restriction Fragment length and in TERRA levels. However, these two parameters did not correlate with each other. Moreover, cell survival to γ-rays did not show a significant variation among the clones, suggesting that, in this cellular system, the intra-population variability in telomere length and TERRA levels does not influence sensitivity to ionizing radiation. This conclusion was supported by the observation that in a cell line in which telomeres were greatly elongated by the ectopic expression of telomerase, TERRA expression levels and radiation sensitivity were similar to the parental HeLa cell line.

Meet EPA Environmental Engineer Terra Haxton, Ph.D.

Science.gov (United States)

EPA Environmental Engineer Terra Haxton, Ph.D., uses computer simulation models to protect drinking water. She investigates approaches to help water utilities be better prepared to respond to contamination incidents in their distribution systems.

Geologic map of the Lada Terra quadrangle (V-56), Venus

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, P. Senthil; Head, James W.

2013-01-01

This publication provides a geological map of Lada Terra quadrangle (V–56), a portion of the southern hemisphere of Venus that extends from lat 50° S. to 70° S. and from long 0° E. to 60° E. V–56 is bordered by Kaiwan Fluctus (V–44) and Agnesi (V–45) quadrangles in the north and by Mylitta Fluctus (V–61), Fredegonde (V–57), and Hurston (V–62) quadrangles in the west, east, and south, respectively. The geological map of V–56 quadrangle reveals evidence for tectonic, volcanic, and impact processes in Lada Terra in the form of tesserae, regional extensional belts, coronae, and volcanic plains. In addition, the map also shows relative age relations such as overlapping or cross-cutting relations between the mapped geologic units. The geology observed within this quadrangle addresses (1) how coronae evolved in association with regional extensional belts and (2) how tesserae, regional plains, and impact craters, which are also significant geological units observed in Lada Terra quadrangle, were formed.

PROCESSO DE GERAÇÃO DE BIOGÁS A PARTIR DO REAPROVEITAMENTO DA GLICERINA – FASE PESADA E LIXO ORGÂNICO DOMICILIAR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Caroline Klinger

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Diante dos problemas ambientais enfrentados atualmente em relação ao destino de resíduos orgânicos e industriais, o presente projeto visa à produção de biogás a partir do reaproveitamento do lixo orgânico domiciliar e da glicerina fase pesada (subproduto originado a partir da produção de biodiesel. Até pouco tempo, o biogás era simplesmente conhecido como um subproduto obtido a partir da decomposição anaeróbia de lixo. No entanto, o acelerado desenvolvimento econômico dos últimos anos e a alta acentuada do preço dos combustíveis convencionais têm encorajado as investigações na produção de energia a partir de novas fontes renováveis e economicamente atrativas. Para tanto, utilizando-se um biodigestor anaeróbio, realizaram-se testes com diferentes quantidades de lixo orgânico e glicerina fase pesada com o intuito de avaliar a condição mais propícia para a produção de biogás. Além disso, tem-se por objetivo propor uma aplicação em escala maior que a até então executada em laboratório utilizando esterco oriundo da criação de suínos, uma vez que os resíduos de origem animal constituem elevada proporção da biomassa, e sua utilização em sistemas de reciclagem é de extrema importância sob aspectos econômicos e ambientais tornando-o uma excelente matéria prima na produção de biogás. Após a análise do biogás gerado, tanto a partir do lixo orgânico quanto do esterco de suínos, verificou-se que os processos utilizados foram satisfatórios.  

Traceability of PDO Olive Oil “Terra di Bari” Using High Resolution Melting

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Cinzia Montemurro

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of the research was to verify the applicability of microsatellite (SSR markers in High Resolution Melting (HRM analysis for the identification of the olive cultivars used in the “Terra di Bari” PDO extra virgin olive oil. A panel of nine cultivars, widespread in Apulia region, was tested with seventeen SSR primer pairs and the PCR products were at first analysed with a Genetic Analyzer automatic sequencer. An identification key was obtained for the nine cultivars, which showed an unambiguous discrimination among the varieties constituting the “Terra di Bari” PDO extra virgin olive oil: Cima di Bitonto, Coratina, and Ogliarola. Subsequently, an SSR based method was set up with the DCA18 marker, coupled with HRM analysis for the distinction of the Terra di Bari olive oil from non-Terra di Bari olive oil using different mixtures. Thus, this analysis enabled the distinction and identification of the PDO mixtures. Hence, this assay provided a flexible, cost-effective, and closed-tube microsatellite genotyping method, well suited to varietal identification and authentication analysis in olive oil.

Rara causa de discapacidad intelectual: síndrome de Coffin Lowry

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Elibett Carcasés Carcasés

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El síndrome de Coffin–Lowry (CLS es una rara forma sindrómica de retardo mental, que muestra una herencia dominante ligada al X. Sus signos principales son el retardo del desarrollo psicomotor y del crecimiento, las dismorfias craneofaciales, las anomalías digitales y las alteraciones esqueléticas progresivas. Se aplicó el método clínico y la técnica comparativa o de patrón para realizar el diagnóstico del CLS en escolar femenina, blanca, de 8 años, que llegó a servicio de Genética remitida de la consulta de Ortopedia, donde era atendida por hiperlaxitud articular y escoliosis. Por su baja frecuencia esta entidad es poco conocida, por lo que resulta interesante la presentación de este caso, identificando las principales manifestaciones clínicas, que permiten un diagnóstico precoz y el manejo adecuado que incluye al paciente y su familia.

TerraSAR-X InSAR multipass analysis on Venice, Italy)

Science.gov (United States)

Nitti, D. O.; Nutricato, R.; Bovenga, F.; Refice, A.; Chiaradia, M. T.; Guerriero, L.

2009-09-01

The TerraSAR-X (copyright) mission, launched in 2007, carries a new X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensor optimally suited for SAR interferometry (InSAR), thus allowing very promising application of InSAR techniques for the risk assessment on areas with hydrogeological instability and especially for multi-temporal analysis, such as Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) techniques, originally developed at Politecnico di Milano. The SPINUA (Stable Point INterferometry over Unurbanised Areas) technique is a PSI processing methodology which has originally been developed with the aim of detection and monitoring of coherent PS targets in non or scarcely-urbanized areas. The main goal of the present work is to describe successful applications of the SPINUA PSI technique in processing X-band data. Venice has been selected as test site since it is in favorable settings for PSI investigations (urban area containing many potential coherent targets such as buildings) and in view of the availability of a long temporal series of TerraSAR-X stripmap acquisitions (27 scenes in all). The Venice Lagoon is affected by land sinking phenomena, whose origins are both natural and man-induced. The subsidence of Venice has been intensively studied for decades by determining land displacements through traditional monitoring techniques (leveling and GPS) and, recently, by processing stacks of ERS/ENVISAT SAR data. The present work is focused on an independent assessment of application of PSI techniques to TerraSAR-X stripmap data for monitoring the stability of the Venice area. Thanks to its orbital repeat cycle of only 11 days, less than a third of ERS/ENVISAT C-band missions, the maximum displacement rate that can be unambiguously detected along the Line-of-Sight (LOS) with TerraSAR-X SAR data through PSI techniques is expected to be about twice the corresponding value of ESA C-band missions, being directly proportional to the sensor wavelength and inversely proportional to the

Decision 97.02 : Application for approval of the Terra Nova Canada-Newfoundland benefits plan and the Terra Nova development plan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1997-12-01

Petro-Canada applied to the Canada-Newfoundland Offshore Petroleum Board (the Board) for approval of its plan for the development of the Terra Nova oil and gas field of the Jeanne d'Arc Formation located about 35 km southeast of the Hibernia oilfield. Petro-Canada also submitted a benefits plan. The Board established the Terra Nova Project Environmental Assessment Panel to conduct a public review of the application and to ensure that the potential effects of the project upon the natural environment would be minimal. The Panel recommended approval of the application, subject to 75 recommendations. The Board considered the recommendations of the Panel and approved the Benefits Plan and the Development Plan subject to certain conditions being met. This document provides the details of the application, the bases for the Board's decision, the conditions imposed, and the 75 recommendations made by the Environmental Assessment Panel. . 6 tabs., 6 figs

TERRA: a computer code for simulating the transport of environmentally released radionuclides through agriculture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baes, C.F. III; Sharp, R.D.; Sjoreen, A.L.; Hermann, O.W.

1984-11-01

TERRA is a computer code which calculates concentrations of radionuclides and ingrowing daughters in surface and root-zone soil, produce and feed, beef, and milk from a given deposition rate at any location in the conterminous United States. The code is fully integrated with seven other computer codes which together comprise a Computerized Radiological Risk Investigation System, CRRIS. Output from either the long range (> 100 km) atmospheric dispersion code RETADD-II or the short range (<80 km) atmospheric dispersion code ANEMOS, in the form of radionuclide air concentrations and ground deposition rates by downwind location, serves as input to TERRA. User-defined deposition rates and air concentrations may also be provided as input to TERRA through use of the PRIMUS computer code. The environmental concentrations of radionuclides predicted by TERRA serve as input to the ANDROS computer code which calculates population and individual intakes, exposures, doses, and risks. TERRA incorporates models to calculate uptake from soil and atmospheric deposition on four groups of produce for human consumption and four groups of livestock feeds. During the environmental transport simulation, intermediate calculations of interception fraction for leafy vegetables, produce directly exposed to atmospherically depositing material, pasture, hay, and silage are made based on location-specific estimates of standing crop biomass. Pasture productivity is estimated by a model which considers the number and types of cattle and sheep, pasture area, and annual production of other forages (hay and silage) at a given location. Calculations are made of the fraction of grain imported from outside the assessment area. TERRA output includes the above calculations and estimated radionuclide concentrations in plant produce, milk, and a beef composite by location

TERRA: a computer code for simulating the transport of environmentally released radionuclides through agriculture

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baes, C.F. III; Sharp, R.D.; Sjoreen, A.L.; Hermann, O.W.

1984-11-01

TERRA is a computer code which calculates concentrations of radionuclides and ingrowing daughters in surface and root-zone soil, produce and feed, beef, and milk from a given deposition rate at any location in the conterminous United States. The code is fully integrated with seven other computer codes which together comprise a Computerized Radiological Risk Investigation System, CRRIS. Output from either the long range (> 100 km) atmospheric dispersion code RETADD-II or the short range (<80 km) atmospheric dispersion code ANEMOS, in the form of radionuclide air concentrations and ground deposition rates by downwind location, serves as input to TERRA. User-defined deposition rates and air concentrations may also be provided as input to TERRA through use of the PRIMUS computer code. The environmental concentrations of radionuclides predicted by TERRA serve as input to the ANDROS computer code which calculates population and individual intakes, exposures, doses, and risks. TERRA incorporates models to calculate uptake from soil and atmospheric deposition on four groups of produce for human consumption and four groups of livestock feeds. During the environmental transport simulation, intermediate calculations of interception fraction for leafy vegetables, produce directly exposed to atmospherically depositing material, pasture, hay, and silage are made based on location-specific estimates of standing crop biomass. Pasture productivity is estimated by a model which considers the number and types of cattle and sheep, pasture area, and annual production of other forages (hay and silage) at a given location. Calculations are made of the fraction of grain imported from outside the assessment area. TERRA output includes the above calculations and estimated radionuclide concentrations in plant produce, milk, and a beef composite by location.

Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) Global Binned Data, reprocesing v2018

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS (or Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) is a key instrument aboard the Terra (EOS AM) and Aqua (EOS PM) satellites. Terra's orbit around the Earth...

Investigations of Ancient Terra-cotta Sarcophagi, Excavated in Enez (Ainos Turkey, by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis

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Sevim Akyuz

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Ten terra-cotta sarcophagi, together with a terra-cotta aryballos (perfume jar, excavated in Su Terazisi necropolis of Enez-Turkey (Ancient Ainos, were investigated by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA, to determine the concentration of thirty two chemical elements: Na, K, Ca, Fe, Sc, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, Th and U. The dataset was submitted to multivariate statistical analysis. The classification was done by cluster analysis. The results demonstrated the occurrence of two different groups of terra-cotta samples. Group I contains nine sarcophagi and terra-cotta aryballos whereas group II contains only one sample (E09-ST5-M26. High correlations between La and Ce (r2 = 0.92, and U and Th (r2 = 0.91 indicated that local clay was used for manufacturing the terra-cotta sarcophagi and aryballos but probably the claybed used for E09-ST5-M26 was different from that of others.

ULF fluctuations at Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica

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A. Meloni

2000-06-01

Full Text Available ULF geomagnetic field measurements in Antarctica are a very important tool for better understanding the dynamics of the Earth’s magnetosphere and its response to the variable solar wind conditions. We review the results obtained in the last few years at the Italian observatory at Terra Nova Bay

Elaboración e implementación de guías metodológicas de aprendizaje aplicadas al cargador Bobcat S175 para el laboratorio de maquinaria pesada

OpenAIRE

Palacios Villalta, Andy Romario; Palacios Villalta, Roberto Danilo

2017-01-01

La finalidad de este proyecto es la elaboración de un conjunto de guías metodológicas de prácticas aplicadas al cargador Bobcat S175, las mismas que serán de aporte como material didáctico al laboratorio de Maquinaria Pesada de la carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica Automotriz de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Sede Cuenca. The purpose of this project is to develop a set of methodological guides practices applied to the charger Bobcat S175, the same that will be input as teaching materials...

Report on terrestrial biology research and logistics at Baia Terra Nova Station

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Satoshi Imura

1999-11-01

Full Text Available From December 4,1998 to January 15,1999,the author stayed at Baia Terra Nova Station (Italy in Antarctica, as an exchange scientist. To compare the biodiversity between Syowa Station and the Baia Terra Nova Station area, many samples of mosses, lichens, algae and micro animals in the soil were collected, and the structure of moss vegetation was studied in various fields around the station. Some characteristic features of logistics at the station were also researched.

CERES BiDirectional Scans (BDS) data in HDF (CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition1)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

Each BiDirectional Scans (BDS) data product contains twenty-four hours of Level-1b data for each CERES scanner instrument mounted on each spacecraft. The BDS includes samples taken in normal and short Earth scan elevation profiles in both fixed and rotating azimuth scan modes (including space, internal calibration, and solar calibration views). The BDS contains Level-0 raw (unconverted) science and instrument data as well as the geolocated converted science and instrument data. The BDS contains additional data not found in the Level-0 input file, including converted satellite position and velocity data, celestial data, converted digital status data, and parameters used in the radiance count conversion equations. The following CERES BDS data sets are currently available: CER_BDS_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_BDS_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1997-12-27; Stop_Date=2005-11-02] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Temporal_Resolution=1 day; Temporal_Resolution_Range=Daily - < Weekly].

CERES BiDirectional Scans (BDS) data in HDF (CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition2)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

Each BiDirectional Scans (BDS) data product contains twenty-four hours of Level-1b data for each CERES scanner instrument mounted on each spacecraft. The BDS includes samples taken in normal and short Earth scan elevation profiles in both fixed and rotating azimuth scan modes (including space, internal calibration, and solar calibration views). The BDS contains Level-0 raw (unconverted) science and instrument data as well as the geolocated converted science and instrument data. The BDS contains additional data not found in the Level-0 input file, including converted satellite position and velocity data, celestial data, converted digital status data, and parameters used in the radiance count conversion equations. The following CERES BDS data sets are currently available: CER_BDS_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_BDS_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1997-12-27; Stop_Date=2006-01-01] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Temporal_Resolution=1 day; Temporal_Resolution_Range=Daily - < Weekly].

Terra MODIS Band 27 Electronic Crosstalk Effect and Its Removal

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Junqiang; Xiong, Xiaoxiong; Madhavan, Sriharsha; Wenny, Brian

2012-01-01

The MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is one of the primary instruments in the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS). The first MODIS instrument was launched in December, 1999 on-board the Terra spacecraft. MODIS has 36 bands, covering a wavelength range from 0.4 micron to 14.4 micron. MODIS band 27 (6.72 micron) is a water vapor band, which is designed to be insensitive to Earth surface features. In recent Earth View (EV) images of Terra band 27, surface feature contamination is clearly seen and striping has become very pronounced. In this paper, it is shown that band 27 is impacted by electronic crosstalk from bands 28-30. An algorithm using a linear approximation is developed to correct the crosstalk effect. The crosstalk coefficients are derived from Terra MODIS lunar observations. They show that the crosstalk is strongly detector dependent and the crosstalk pattern has changed dramatically since launch. The crosstalk contributions are positive to the instrument response of band 27 early in the mission but became negative and much larger in magnitude at later stages of the mission for most detectors of the band. The algorithm is applied to both Black Body (BB) calibration and MODIS L1B products. With the crosstalk effect removed, the calibration coefficients of Terra MODIS band 27 derived from the BB show that the detector differences become smaller. With the algorithm applied to MODIS L1B products, the Earth surface features are significantly removed and the striping is substantially reduced in the images of the band. The approach developed in this report for removal of the electronic crosstalk effect can be applied to other MODIS bands if similar crosstalk behaviors occur.

Estrategias de prevención y vigilancia sobre el uso de sustancias ilícitas y su impacto en los costos de accidentes en conductores de carga pesada en México Estratégia de prevenção e vigilância sobre o consumo de sustâncias ilícitas e os custos dos acidentes em motoristas de carga pesada, no México Prevention and monitoring strategies on the use of illicit substances and accidents and costs in heavy load drivers in Mexico

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Eduardo Puente-Rodríguez

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Las colisiones de tránsito son uno de los grandes problemas de Salud Pública en el mundo, los impactos afectan áreas de la salud, económica y social. Los conductores de carga pesada fueron el objeto de este estudio. Se tuvo por objetivo identificar los costos de accidentes después de aplicar estrategias de control de consumo de sustancias lícitas e ilícitas en conductores de transporte de carga pesada. Se realizó un estudio correlacional retrospectivo de 2004 a 2006. La población a la que se aplicó el programa disminuyó el número de accidentes en 15%, y el costo por daños por colisión en 24%. Se concluye que estudios de esta naturaleza son importantes para implantación de programas orientados a modificar la conducta cuidado y seguimiento de la salud de los conductores profesionales.Os acidentes de trânsito constituem um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública no mundo, e seus impactos afetam as áreas de saúde, econômica e social. O motorista de carga pesada é o objeto do presente estudo. O objetivo foi identificar os custos de acidentes ao aplicar estratégias de controle, frente ao uso de drogas lícitas e ilícitas, em motoristas de carga pesada. Como metodologia deste estudo foi usada a pesquisa retrospectiva correlacional, conduzida de 2004 a 2006. Com base no censo, na população participante do programa houve diminuição do número de acidentes de 15% e dos custos por danos causados por colisão de 24%. Conclui-se que estudos dessa natureza são importantes para implantação de programas direcionados à modificação de comportamentos e monitorização do cuidado de saúde a motoristas profissionais.Road crashes are one of the largest public health problems in the world. Impacts affect Health, Economic and Social areas. This study focuses on heavy load drivers. The goal is to identify the costs of accidents to implement control strategies for licit and illicit substance consumption in heavy load drivers. Method: a

MODIS/Terra Aerosol Cloud Water Vapor Ozone Monthly L3 Global 1Deg CMG V006

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS/Terra Aerosol Cloud Water Vapor Ozone Monthly L3 Global 1Deg CMG (MOD08_M3). MODIS was launched aboard the Terra satellite on December 18, 1999 (10:30 am...

Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, P. Senthil; Head, James W., III

2009-01-01

Geological mapping of the V-56 quadrangle (Fig. 1) reveals various tectonic and volcanic features and processes in Lada Terra that consist of tesserae, regional extensional belts, coronae, volcanic plains and impact craters. This study aims to map the spatial distribution of different material units, deformational features or lineament patterns and impact crater materials. In addition, we also establish the relative age relationships (e.g., overlapping or cross-cutting relationship) between them, in order to reconstruct the geologic history. Basically, this quadrangle addresses how coronae evolved in association with regional extensional belts, in addition to evolution of tesserae, regional plains and impact craters, which are also significant geological units of Lada Terra.

MODIS/Terra Aerosol Cloud Water Vapor Ozone Daily L3 Global 1Deg CMG V006

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS/Terra Aerosol Cloud Water Vapor Ozone Daily L3 Global 1Deg CMG (MOD08_D3). MODIS was launched aboard the Terra satellite on December 18, 1999 (10:30 am equator...

Caracterização atual do uso da terra e da cobertura vegetal na região da Terra Indígena Sangradouro/Volta Grande-Mato Grosso, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Kawakubo, Fernando Shinji; Morato, Rúbia Gomes; Correia Junior, Paulo Almeida; Luchiari, Ailton

2004-01-01

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar o mapeamento do uso e cobertura vegetal na Terra Indígena Sangradouro/Volta Grande-MT (Brasil). As técnicas utilizadas consistem na aplicação do Modelo Linear de Mistura Espectral seguidas pela segmentação das imagens sintéticas e classificação supervisionada dos componentes segmentados. O cálculo das áreas correspondentes as classes de uso e cobertura vegetal permitiu avaliar a situação atual da Terra Indígena no contexto ambiental. El objeto de este...

Effects of the presence of heavy rare earths on the stabilization of the zirconia ceramics - Yttria; Efeito da presenca de terras raras pesadas na estabilizacao das fases de ceramicas de zirconia - itria

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lazar, D.R.R.; Fancio, E.; Menezes, C.A.B.; Ussui, V.; Bressiani, A.H.A.; Lima, N.B.; Paschoal, J.O.A. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)], e-mail: drlazar@net.ipen.br

2000-07-01

The use of Yttria concentrates has been proposed to substitute the high purity Yttria in the zirconia stabilization. The elements terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium and ytterbium, classified as heavy rare earths, are the main impurities in these concentrates, due to their presence in yttrium ores. Besides that, the chemical similarities of these elements need the utilization of complex purification techniques. Considering the importance of the employed dopant on zirconia crystallization, this work shows the quantitative phases analysis of powders and ceramics of stabilized zirconia doped with 3 and 9 mol % of high purity Yttria and with a 85 wt % Yttria concentrate. This determination was performed using the Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction data. The powders were synthesized by the hydroxides coprecipitation route, which includes treatments with ethanol and butanol, drying, calcination at 800 deg C for 1 hour and milling in a ball mill and in an attrition mill. The ceramics pellets were pressed uniaxially and sintered at 1550 deg C for 1 hour. The powders and sintered pellets were also characterized by X-ray fluorescence analysis, laser diffraction, gas adsorption (B.E.T.), scanning electron microscopy and determination of apparent density by the Archimedes method. The results showed the same stabilization behavior when it was employed high purity Yttria and a concentrate of this oxide. It was also observed the predominating formation of tetragonal and cubic phases when the dopant concentration is 3 and 9 mol %, respectively. (author)

TerraClimate, a high-resolution global dataset of monthly climate and climatic water balance from 1958-2015

Science.gov (United States)

Abatzoglou, John T.; Dobrowski, Solomon Z.; Parks, Sean A.; Hegewisch, Katherine C.

2018-01-01

We present TerraClimate, a dataset of high-spatial resolution (1/24°, ~4-km) monthly climate and climatic water balance for global terrestrial surfaces from 1958-2015. TerraClimate uses climatically aided interpolation, combining high-spatial resolution climatological normals from the WorldClim dataset, with coarser resolution time varying (i.e., monthly) data from other sources to produce a monthly dataset of precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature, wind speed, vapor pressure, and solar radiation. TerraClimate additionally produces monthly surface water balance datasets using a water balance model that incorporates reference evapotranspiration, precipitation, temperature, and interpolated plant extractable soil water capacity. These data provide important inputs for ecological and hydrological studies at global scales that require high spatial resolution and time varying climate and climatic water balance data. We validated spatiotemporal aspects of TerraClimate using annual temperature, precipitation, and calculated reference evapotranspiration from station data, as well as annual runoff from streamflow gauges. TerraClimate datasets showed noted improvement in overall mean absolute error and increased spatial realism relative to coarser resolution gridded datasets.

EPIDEMIOLOGÍA DE LA OSTEOGÉNESIS IMPERFECTA: UNA ENFERMEDAD RARA EN LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvia Gimeno-Marto

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos: La Osteogénesis Imperfecta (OI es una enfermedad rara del tejido conectivo y óseo que resulta en una fragilidad ósea de diversa severidad. El objetivo fue determinar y describir la situación de la OI en la Comunitat Valenciana (CV durante el periodo 2004-2014. Métodos: A partir del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades Raras de la CV (SIER-CV se identificaron los pacientes con los códigos de la Cla - sificación Internacional de Enfermedades pertenecientes a la OI: el 756.51 de la 9ª y/o el Q78.0 de la 10ª revisión, durante el período 2004-2014. Se va - lidaron los datos mediante la revisión de documentación clínica (historia clí - nica electrónica principalmente y de los casos confirmados (diagnóstico de OI presente en la documentación clínica se elaboró un análisis descriptivo. Resultados: Se identificaron 162 pacientes con código de OI. Se con - firmaron 145 casos de los 161 con la documentación clínica accesible. La prevalencia fue de 0,29 por 10.000 habitantes. El 93,1% eran españoles, el 54,5% mujeres y fueron atendidos en 25 hospitales diferentes de la CV. Se identificó el tipo de OI en el 24,8% de los casos, siendo el tipo I el más habitual (9,7%. Fallecieron el 6,2% con una edad media al fallecimiento de 60,8 años. El 44,8% de pacientes recibió tratamiento con bifosfonatos y el 10,4% tenían familiares afectados. Conclusión: Se ha establecido la situación real de la OI en la CV, lo que permitirá una mejor planificación en las acciones sanitarias para mejorar la calidad de vida de los afectados y sus familiares.

Mucilaginibacter terrae sp nov., isolated from Antarctic soil

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Sedláček, I.; Pantůček, R.; Králová, S.; Mašlaňová, I.; Holochová, P.; Staňková, E.; Sobotka, Roman; Barták, M.; Busse, H.-J.; Švec, P.

2017-01-01

Roč. 67, č. 10 (2017), s. 4002-4007 ISSN 1466-5026 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LO1416 Institutional support: RVO:61388971 Keywords : Mucilaginibacter terrae sp nov. * James ross island * Antarctic Subject RIV: EE - Microbiology, Virology OBOR OECD: Microbiology Impact factor: 2.134, year: 2016

CERES BiDirectional Scans (BDS) data in HDF (CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

Each BiDirectional Scans (BDS) data product contains twenty-four hours of Level-1b data for each CERES scanner instrument mounted on each spacecraft. The BDS includes samples taken in normal and short Earth scan elevation profiles in both fixed and rotating azimuth scan modes (including space, internal calibration, and solar calibration views). The BDS contains Level-0 raw (unconverted) science and instrument data as well as the geolocated converted science and instrument data. The BDS contains additional data not found in the Level-0 input file, including converted satellite position and velocity data, celestial data, converted digital status data, and parameters used in the radiance count conversion equations. The following CERES BDS data sets are currently available: CER_BDS_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_BDS_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_BDS_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_BDS_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_BDS_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1997-12-27; Stop_Date=2006-11-02] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Temporal_Resolution=1 day; Temporal_Resolution_Range=Daily - < Weekly].

Gravity anomalies, compensation mechanisms, and the geodynamics of western Ishtar Terra, Venus

Science.gov (United States)

Grimm, Robert E.; Phillips, Roger J.

1991-01-01

Pioneer Venus line-of-sight orbital accelerations were utilized to calculate the geoid and vertical gravity anomalies for western Ishtar Terra on various planes of altitude z sub 0. The apparent depth of isostatic compensation at z sub 0 = 1400 km is 180 + or - 20 km based on the usual method of minimum variance in the isostatic anomaly. An attempt is made here to explain this observation, as well as the regional elevation, peripheral mountain belts, and inferred age of western Ishtar Terra, in terms of one or three broad geodynamic models.

Cross-Calibration of the Oceansat-2 Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) with Terra and Aqua MODIS

Science.gov (United States)

Angal, Amit; Brinkmann, Jake; Kumar, A. Senthil; Xiong, Xiaoxiong

2016-01-01

The Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) sensor on-board the Oceansat-2 spacecraft has been operational since its launch in September, 2009. The Oceansat 2 OCM primary design goal is to provide continuity to Oceansat-1 OCM to obtain information regarding various ocean-colour variables. OCM acquires Earth scene measurements in eight multi-spectral bands in the range from 402 to 885 nm. The MODIS sensor on the Terra and Aqua spacecraft has been successfully operating for over a decade collecting measurements of the earth's land, ocean surface and atmosphere. The MODIS spectral bands, designed for land and ocean applications, cover the spectral range from 412 to 869 nm. This study focuses on comparing the radiometric calibration stability of OCM using near-simultaneous TOA measurements with Terra and Aqua MODIS acquired over the Libya 4 target. Same-day scene-pairs from all three sensors (OCM, Terra and Aqua MODIS) between August, 2014 and September, 2015 were chosen for this analysis. On a given day, the OCM overpass is approximately an hour after the Terra overpass and an hour before the Aqua overpass. Due to the orbital differences between Terra and Aqua, MODIS images the Libya 4 site at different scan-angles on a given day. Some of the high-gain ocean bands for MODIS tend to saturate while viewing the bright Libya 4 target, but bands 8-10 (412 nm - 486 nm) provide an unsaturated response and are used for comparison with the spectrally similar OCM bands. All the standard corrections such as bidirectional reflectance factor (BRDF), relative spectral response mismatch, and impact for atmospheric water-vapor are applied to obtain the reflectance differences between OCM and the two MODIS instruments. Furthermore, OCM is used as a transfer radiometer to obtain the calibration differences between Terra and Aqua MODIS reflective solar bands.

17 Years of Cloud Heights from Terra, and Beyond

Science.gov (United States)

Davies, R.

2017-12-01

The effective cloud height, H, is the integral of observed cloud-top heights, weighted by their frequency of occurrence. Here we look at changes in the effective cloud height, H', as measured by the Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) on the first Earth Observing System platform, Terra. Terra was launched in December 1999, and now has over 17 years of consistently measured climate records. Globally, HG' has an important influence on Earth's climate, whereas regionally, HR' is a useful measure of low frequency changes in circulation patterns. MISR has a sampling error in the annual mean HG' of ≈11 m, allowing fairly small interannual variations to be detected. This paper extends the previous 15-year summary that showed significant differences in the long term mean hemispheric cloud height changes. Also of interest are the correlations in tropical cloud height changes and related teleconnections. The largest ephemeral values in the annual HR' [over 1.5 km] are noted over the Central Pacific and the Maritime Continent. These changes are strongly anticorrelated with each other, being directly related to changes in ENSO. They are also correlated with the largest ephemeral changes in HG'. Around the equator, we find at least four distinct centres of similar fluctuations in cloud height. This paper examines the relative time dependence of these regional height changes, separately for La Niña and El Niño events, and stresses the value of extending the time series of uniformly measured cloud heights from space beyond EOS-Terra.

CERES cloud property retrievals from imagers on TRMM, Terra, and Aqua

Science.gov (United States)

Minnis, Patrick; Young, David F.; Sun-Mack, Sunny; Heck, Patrick W.; Doelling, David R.; Trepte, Qing Z.

2004-02-01

The micro- and macrophysical properties of clouds play a crucial role in Earth"s radiation budget. The NASA Clouds and Earth"s Radiant Energy System (CERES) is providing simultaneous measurements of the radiation and cloud fields on a global basis to improve the understanding and modeling of the interaction between clouds and radiation at the top of the atmosphere, at the surface, and within the atmosphere. Cloud properties derived for CERES from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Terra and Aqua satellites are compared to ensure consistency between the products to ensure the reliability of the retrievals from multiple platforms at different times of day. Comparisons of cloud fraction, height, optical depth, phase, effective particle size, and ice and liquid water paths from the two satellites show excellent consistency. Initial calibration comparisons are also very favorable. Differences between the Aqua and Terra results are generally due to diurnally dependent changes in the clouds. Additional algorithm refinement is needed over the polar regions for Aqua and at night over those same areas for Terra. The results should be extremely valuable for model validation and improvement and for improving our understanding of the relationship between clouds and the radiation budget.

Seasonal Surface Spectral Emissivity Derived from Terra MODIS Data

Science.gov (United States)

Sun-Mack, Sunny; Chen, Yan; Minnis, Patrick; Young, DavidF.; Smith, William J., Jr.

2004-01-01

The CERES (Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System) Project is measuring broadband shortwave and longwave radiances and deriving cloud properties form various images to produce a combined global radiation and cloud property data set. In this paper, simultaneous data from Terra MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) taken at 3.7, 8.5, 11.0, and 12.0 m are used to derive the skin temperature and the surface emissivities at the same wavelengths. The methodology uses separate measurements of clear sky temperature in each channel determined by scene classification during the daytime and at night. The relationships between the various channels at night are used during the day when solar reflectance affects the 3.7- m radiances. A set of simultaneous equations is then solved to derive the emissivities. Global monthly emissivity maps are derived from Terra MODIS data while numerical weather analyses provide soundings for correcting the observed radiances for atmospheric absorption. These maps are used by CERES and other cloud retrieval algorithms.

Development Application - Terra Nova Development - Canada-Newfoundland Benefits Plan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-01-01

The Canada-Newfoundland Benefits Plan, part of the overall application to develop the Terra Nova Field off the coast of Newfoundland details the benefits to Canadians, but most particularly to residents of Newfoundland and Labrador that a vibrant petroleum industry is expected to bring. In this document the proponents commit themselves to a course of action designed to enhance the opportunities for Canadian and Newfoundland participation in the development, in accordance with the Atlantic Accord legislation. In terms of this legislation, the project proponents are obliged to perform development functions from Newfoundland, acquire goods and services for the Terra Nova Development on a 'best value' basis, but consistent with the procurement policies and procedures for benefits. The proponents must consider Canadian and, in particular, Newfoundland benefits as one of the factors in the procurement of goods and services, and require contactors and subcontractors to adhere to the development's benefits principles, objectives and commitments. A 7-page glossary is also included

Faults and ridges - Historical development in Tempe Terra and Ulysses Patera regions of Mars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scott, D.H.; Dohm, J.M.

1990-01-01

Tempe Terra and the area north of Ulysses Patera are selected to demonstrate the various stages of faulting and ridge development in local areas. This work is accomplished by using Viking photomosaics to determine crosscutting relations of structures as well as their morphology and trend orientations. Results show that from the Early Noachian through the Early Amazonian Epochs, at least eight episodes of faulting occurred at Tempe Terra and six at Ulysses Patera. Tectonic activity at Tempe Terra was expressed mainly by densely spaced faults along the northeast extension of the Tharsis rise; faulting culminated in the Middle and Late Noachian and was superseded by transverse fault systems from the Alba Patera region during the Hesperian. Ridge formation, however, was most active in the Early Hesperian. At Ulysses Patera, an early history of tectonism is recorded by complex arrays of faults in a relatively small area of Noachian rocks. 14 refs

Measurement of Subsidence in the Yangbajain Geothermal Fields from TerraSAR-X

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yongsheng; Zhang, Jingfa; Li, Zhenhong

2016-08-01

Yangbajain contains the largest geothermal energy power station in China. Geothermal explorations in Yangbajain first started in 1976, and two plants were subsequently built in 1981 and 1986. A large amount of geothermal fluids have been extracted since then, leading to considerable surface subsidence around the geothermal fields. In this paper, InSAR time series analysis is applied to map the subsidence of the Yangbajain geothermal fields during the period from December 2011 to November 2012 using 16 senses of TerraSAR-X stripmap SAR images. Due to its high resolution and short repeat cycle, TerraSAR-X provides detailed surface deformation information at the Yangbajain geothermal fields.

Simulations with COSMO-CLM over Turin including TERRA-URB parameterization

Science.gov (United States)

Bucchignani, Edoardo; Mercogliano, Paola; Milelli, Massimo; Raffa, Mario

2017-04-01

The increase of built surfaces constitutes the main reason for the formation of Urban Heat Islands (UHIs), since urban canyons block the release of the reflected radiation. The main contribution to the formation of UHIs is the missing night-cooling of horizontal surfaces, together with cloudless sky and light winds. Of course, there is also a contribution from indoor heating, vehicles presence, and waste heat from air conditioning and refrigeration systems. The COSMO-CLM model, even at high resolution, is currently not able to cope with this effect. Nevertheless, the increase of applications in which a high number of grid points is located over urban areas, requires that COSMO-CLM becomes able to take into account also urban climate features. In fact, they are crucial for better forecast of temperature and for a better characterization of the local patterns of several atmospherical variables (wind, surface fluxes). Recently TERRA-URB, a bulk parameterisation scheme with a prescribed anthropogenic heat flux, has been incorporated into COSMO-CLM for the standard land-surface module TERRA-ML. It offers an intrinsic representation of the urban physics with modifications of input data, soil module and land atmospheric interactions. In the first half of July 2015, Piemonte region and Turin in particular experienced extreme temperature values and uncomfortable conditions for the population. In Turin, the maximum temperature since 1990 (38.5°) has been recorded in July 2015. Ground stations data highlighted the presence of a UHI effect over Turin. This is the reason why this area and this period represent a suitable benchmark to test the capabilities of COSMO-CLM, and in particular of the urban parameterization. The computational domain considered is centered over Turin, discretized with 100 x 100 grid-points, employing a spatial resolution of 0.009° (about 1 km). The ECMWF IFS analysis at 0.075° have been used as forcing data. Two simulations have been performed over

Produção de ovos de matrizes pesadas criadas sob estresse térmico Egg production of broiler breeders reared under heat stress

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dermeval A. Furtado

2011-07-01

Full Text Available As condições de conforto térmico dentro das instalações afetam diretamente a produtividade dos animais, como é o caso das matrizes pesadas. Este trabalho objetiva avaliar os índices bioclimáticos de três aviários (G1, G2 e G3 de matrizes pesadas e os índices produtivos dessas instalações, que tinham lotes de aves com 35, 48 e 66 semanas, respectivamente, criadas na região semiárida paraibana, durante o período de estiagem. Nos horários considerados mais quentes do dia, os índices bioclimáticos ficaram elevados, causando situação de desconforto térmico para os animais, influenciando no desempenho das aves. O nível de pressão sonora ficou dentro do estabelecido pelas normas brasileiras. A idade das aves teve influência na produção total de ovos e as maiores produções foram obtidas com aves mais jovens, sendo de 74,83, 76,86 e 52,78% em G1, G2 e G3, respectivamente, enquanto a eclodibilidade foi semelhante em todos os lotes (média de 95,68%.The thermal comfort conditions inside the facilities directly affect the productivity of animals as it is the case of broiler breeders. This study aimed to evaluate the bioclimatic indexes of three aviaries (G1, G2 and G3 of broiler breeders and the production indices of these three facilities that had lots of poultry of different ages, 35, 48 and 66 weeks, respectively, reared in the semiarid region of Paraíba State, Brazil, during the dry season. In the hottest hours of day, the bioclimatic indexes were high, causing a situation of thermal discomfort for the animals, influencing the productive performance of the poultry. The sound pressure level was within the Brazilian standards. The age of the birds affected the total egg production and the highest productions obtained with younger birds, being 74.83, 76.86 and 52.78%, in G1, G2 and G3, respectively, while hatchability was similar in all lots (on average 95.68%.

NAMMA MODIS/AQUA AND MODIS/TERRA DEEP BLUE PRODUCTS V1

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The NAMMA MODIS/AQUA and MODIS/TERRA Deep Blue Products dataset is a collection of images depicting the aerosol optical depth derived from the MODIS deep blue...

Evaluating Terra MODIS Satellite Sensor Data Products for Maize ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Evaluating Terra MODIS Satellite Sensor Data Products for Maize Yield Estimation in South Africa. C Frost, N Thiebaut, T Newby. Abstract. The Free State Province of the Republic of South Africa contains some of the most important maize-producing areas in South Africa. For this reason this province has also been selected ...

Rare-Earth-Rich Alloys; Alliages a Teneur Elevee en Terres Rares; Splavy, obogashchennye redkozemel'nymi ehlementami; Aleaciones Ricas en Tierras Raras

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Copeland, M.; Kato, H. [Albany Metallurgy Research Center, Bureau of Mines, United States Department of the Interior, Albany, OR (United States)

1964-06-15

ainsi que leurs effets sur les points de fusion, les transformations de l'etat solide et la resistance a la corrosion. Ils ont etabli des diagrammes de phases jusqu'au premier compose ou entectique a teneur elevee en terres rares, selon que l'un ou l'autre apparaissait le premier. Une fois cette partie des travaux termines, ils ont fabrique des alliages qu'ils ont traites a chaud pour obtenir le maximum de solubilite a l'etat solide du metal d'alliage qui n'est pas une terre rare,, et ils ont fait des essais d'oxydation et de corrosion. Ils n'ont observe aucune amelioration de la resistance des terres rares a l 'oxydation dans l 'atmosphere a la suite de l 'operation; en fait, la plupart des metaux d'addition se sont reveles nuisibles. L'aluminium augmentait fortement la resistance a la corrosion par l'eau chaude des terres rares ayant fait l'objet des essais; d'autres metaux n'augmentaient cette resistance des terres rares qu'a un moindre degre. (author) [Spanish] Los metales de las tierras raras presentan interes en el control de reactores de potencia debido a su elevada seccion eficaz de captura de neutrones termicos, pero por desgracia se corroen con facilidad. Partiendo del supuesto de que ciertos metales no pertenecientes al grupo de las tierras raras pueden alearse con disprosio, erbio, gadolinio y samario mejorando sus propiedades, los autores estudiaron los efectos que esta aleacion ejerce sobre las tierras raras. Estudiaron la solubilidad de metales como el circonio, vanadio, cromo, hierro, niquel, cobre, aluminio y silicio en disprosio, erbio, gadolinio y samario, y determinaron sus efectos sobre los respectivos puntos de fusion, las transformaciones de estado solido y la resistencia a la corrosion. Prepararon diagramas de fase hasta el primer compuesto rico en tierra rara o hasta el eutectico, segun cual apareciera primero. A l terminar esta parte del trabajo, prepararon aleaciones, que sometieron a un tratamiento termico para obtener un maximo de

Supervolcanoes within an ancient volcanic province in Arabia Terra, Mars.

Science.gov (United States)

Michalski, Joseph R; Bleacher, Jacob E

2013-10-03

Several irregularly shaped craters located within Arabia Terra, Mars, represent a new type of highland volcanic construct and together constitute a previously unrecognized Martian igneous province. Similar to terrestrial supervolcanoes, these low-relief paterae possess a range of geomorphic features related to structural collapse, effusive volcanism and explosive eruptions. Extruded lavas contributed to the formation of enigmatic highland ridged plains in Arabia Terra. Outgassed sulphur and erupted fine-grained pyroclastics from these calderas probably fed the formation of altered, layered sedimentary rocks and fretted terrain found throughout the equatorial region. The discovery of a new type of volcanic construct in the Arabia volcanic province fundamentally changes the picture of ancient volcanism and climate evolution on Mars. Other eroded topographic basins in the ancient Martian highlands that have been dismissed as degraded impact craters should be reconsidered as possible volcanic constructs formed in an early phase of widespread, disseminated magmatism on Mars.

Chlorophyll-a, Terra MODIS, OSU DB, 0.0125 degrees, West US, EXPERIMENTAL

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — NOAA CoastWatch distributes chlorophyll-a concentration data from NASA's Terra satellite. Measurements are gathered by the Moderate Resolution Imaging...

The TERRA framework: conceptualizing rural environmental health inequities through an environmental justice lens.

Science.gov (United States)

Butterfield, Patricia; Postma, Julie

2009-01-01

The deleterious consequences of environmentally associated diseases are expressed differentially by income, race, and geography. Scientists are just beginning to understand the consequences of environmental exposures under conditions of poverty, marginalization, and geographic isolation. In this context, we developed the TERRA (translational environmental research in rural areas) framework to explicate environmental health risks experienced by the rural poor. Central to the TERRA framework is the premise that risks exist within physical-spatial, economic-resources, and cultural-ideologic contexts. In the face of scientific and political uncertainty, a precautionary risk reduction approach has the greatest potential to protect health. Conceptual and technical advances will both be needed to achieve environmental justice.

Multi-scale comparisons of tree composition in Amazonian terra firme forests

Science.gov (United States)

Honorio Coronado, E. N.; Baker, T. R.; Phillips, O. L.; Pitman, N. C. A.; Pennington, R. T.; Vásquez Martínez, R.; Monteagudo, A.; Mogollón, H.; Dávila Cardozo, N.; Ríos, M.; García-Villacorta, R.; Valderrama, E.; Ahuite, M.; Huamantupa, I.; Neill, D. A.; Laurance, W. F.; Nascimento, H. E. M.; Soares de Almeida, S.; Killeen, T. J.; Arroyo, L.; Núñez, P.; Freitas Alvarado, L.

2009-11-01

We explored the floristic composition of terra firme forests across Amazonia using 55 plots. Firstly, we examined the floristic patterns using both genus- and species-level data and found that the species-level analysis more clearly distinguishes among forests. Next, we compared the variation in plot floristic composition at regional- and continental-scales, and found that average among-pair floristic similarity and its decay with distance behave similarly at regional- and continental-scales. Nevertheless, geographical distance had different effects on floristic similarity within regions at distances floristic variation than plots of central and eastern Amazonia. Finally, we quantified the role of environmental factors and geographical distance for determining variation in floristic composition. A partial Mantel test indicated that while geographical distance appeared to be more important at continental scales, soil fertility was crucial at regional scales within western Amazonia, where areas with similar soil conditions were more likely to share a high number of species. Overall, these results suggest that regional-scale variation in floristic composition can rival continental-scale differences within Amazonian terra firme forests, and that variation in floristic composition at both scales is influenced by geographical distance and environmental factors, such as climate and soil fertility. To fully account for regional-scale variation in continental studies of floristic composition, future floristic studies should focus on forest types poorly represented at regional scales in current datasets, such as terra firme forests with high soil fertility in north-western Amazonia.

Consistency of two global MODIS aerosol products over ocean on Terra and Aqua CERES SSF datasets

Science.gov (United States)

Ignatov, Alexander; Minnis, Patrick; Wielicki, Bruce; Loeb, Norman G.; Remer, Lorraine A.; Kaufman, Yoram J.; Miller, Walter F.; Sun-Mack, Sunny; Laszlo, Istvan; Geier, Erika B.

2004-12-01

MODIS aerosol retrievals over ocean from Terra and Aqua platforms are available from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Single Scanner Footprint (SSF) datasets generated at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC). Two aerosol products are reported side by side. The primary M product is generated by subsetting and remapping the multi-spectral (0.44 - 2.1 μm) MOD04 aerosols onto CERES footprints. MOD04 processing uses cloud screening and aerosol algorithms developed by the MODIS science team. The secondary (AVHRR-like) A product is generated in only two MODIS bands: 1 and 6 on Terra, and ` and 7 on Aqua. The A processing uses NASA/LaRC cloud-screening and NOAA/NESDIS single channel aerosol algorthm. The M and A products have been documented elsewhere and preliminarily compared using two weeks of global Terra CERES SSF (Edition 1A) data in December 2000 and June 2001. In this study, the M and A aerosol optical depths (AOD) in MODIS band 1 and (0.64 μm), τ1M and τ1A, are further checked for cross-platform consistency using 9 days of global Terra CERES SSF (Edition 2A) and Aqua CERES SSF (Edition 1A) data from 13 - 21 October 2002.

EFEITO DO SISTEMA DE ROTAÇÃO DE TERRA NOS PROCESSOS DE VERTENTE –GUARAPUAVA-PR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edivaldo Lopes Thomaz

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O uso da terra é um dos principais fatores controladores dos processos de vertente. A influência do sistema de rotação de terras nos processos hidrológicos de vertente é escasso na região centro-sul do Paraná. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o efeito do sistema de rotação de terras nos processos hidrológicos de vertente declivosa recoberta por solos rasos. Foi realizado mapeamento prévio da área estudada, em seguida foram realizados diversos monitoramentos em campo (ex. características físico-hídricas dos solos, escoamento, umidade do solo e interceptação. A base teórica para interpretação dos processos de vertente seguiu a proposição de DALRYMPLE et al. (1968 (Hypothetical nine-unity lansurface model. Verificou-se que a dinâmica do sistema de rotação de terras aliado a complexidade geomorfopedológica da vertente induz processos hidrológicos subsuperficiais. Esses processos são fundamentais para o desencadeamento de instabilidade nas vertentes através do surgimento e expansão de canais de primeira ordem.

O Comportamento do Preço da Terra Agrícola: um modelo de painel de dados espaciais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Regina Lúcia Sanches Malassise

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O presente artigo analisou o comportamento do preço da terra agrícola nos municípios do Paraná no período de 1999-2011. Partindo da revisão bibliográfica dos principais estudos nacionais sobre o tema, foi possível identificar os determinantes do preço da terra e os métodos utilizados. Neste sentido, optou­-se por estimar um modelo para o preço da terra via painel de dados espaciais. As estimativas indicaram que o valor bruto da produção agropecuária, a valorização patrimonial, o financiamento total à agropecuária, a relação investimento-receita municipal, o percentual da área plantada do município com soja e a incorporação da dependência espacial do preço da terra são variáveis que explicam o preço da terra no estado do Paraná. Estas explicariam 84% dos preços e indicaram que há maior ajuste intrapainel, sendo os efeitos espaciais mais intensos no próprio município e em relação ao todo. Em especial, o modelo proposto avançou em termos estruturais, com a incorporação de variáveis coletadas para todos os 399 municípios do Paraná, e em termos metodológicos, ao estimar via painéis de dados a influência dos efeitos de espacialidade sobre o preço da terra agrícola, destacando a importância da localização e da vizinhança na determinação de tal preço.

CERES ERBE-like Instantaneous TOA Estimates (ES-8) in HDF (CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition2)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ES-8 archival data product contains a 24-hour, single-satellite, instantaneous view of scanner fluxes at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reduced from spacecraft altitude unfiltered radiances using Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) scanner Inversion algorithms and the ERBE shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) Angular Distribution Models (ADMs). The ES-8 also includes the total (TOT), SW, LW, and window (WN) channel radiometric data; SW, LW, and WN unfiltered radiance values; and the ERBE scene identification for each measurement. These data are organized according to the CERES 3.3-second scan into 6.6-second records. As long as there is one valid scanner measurement within a record, the ES-8 record will be generated. The following CERES ES8 data sets are currently available: CER_ES8_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES8_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES8_TRMM-PFM_Transient-Ops2 CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES8_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES8_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES8_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1997-12-27; Stop_Date=2006-01-01] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Temporal_Resolution=1 day; Temporal_Resolution_Range=Daily - < Weekly].

CERES ERBE-like Instantaneous TOA Estimates (ES-8) in HDF (CER_ES8_Terra-FM2_Edition1)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ES-8 archival data product contains a 24-hour, single-satellite, instantaneous view of scanner fluxes at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reduced from spacecraft altitude unfiltered radiances using Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) scanner Inversion algorithms and the ERBE shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) Angular Distribution Models (ADMs). The ES-8 also includes the total (TOT), SW, LW, and window (WN) channel radiometric data; SW, LW, and WN unfiltered radiance values; and the ERBE scene identification for each measurement. These data are organized according to the CERES 3.3-second scan into 6.6-second records. As long as there is one valid scanner measurement within a record, the ES-8 record will be generated. The following CERES ES8 data sets are currently available: CER_ES8_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES8_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES8_TRMM-PFM_Transient-Ops2 CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES8_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES8_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES8_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1997-12-27; Stop_Date=2005-11-01] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Temporal_Resolution=1 day; Temporal_Resolution_Range=Daily - < Weekly].

Terra Nova tow-out poised as next East Coast event

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reid, W.

2001-01-01

This spring, Newfoundland will send off a floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel to the offshore Terra Nova field. The Terra Nova will proceed southeast through Bull Arm, then northeast out of Trinity Bay, then heads southeast to the Jeanne d'Arc Basin on the Grand Banks. The Terra Nova is expected to produce 115,000 barrels of oil per day for six years, when it reaches full capacity. The consortium, headed by Petro-Canada as senior ownership partner and operator, built an environment protection program into every aspect of the project. Some of the features of the environment protection program include glory holes excavated on the ocean floor for the protection of production equipment from icebergs, to a flare stack on the platform, which has four legs to provide stability in rough seas. The FPSO was designed to withstand sea ice, icebergs, and severe winter storms. Flow lines are also protected, and in the event that a line is damaged, sea water will leak rather than oil or gas, since the hydrocarbons can be flushed out of the production lines. Safety was ever present during the design phase, where the engineers studied the designs of other platforms and included the best elements in the design of the Terra Nova. The rig possesses an ice-strengthened double hull, reinforced with 3,000 tonnes of steel. A series of tanks are attached to the inside surface of the outer shell for sea water ballasts, while the inner hull holds the crude oil. In addition, an environmental effects monitoring EEM system is in place to gather information for future reference, to assess and detect changes in the marine climate and the ecosystem. The analysis of the information will assist in the determination of the best course of action in the event that remedial action is required. Baseline information was gathered beginning in 1997. Additional sampling will be performed on an annual basis for the next three years. After this period, sampling will be periodical

TERRA and hnRNPA1 orchestrate an RPA-to-POT1 switch on telomeric single-stranded DNA.

Science.gov (United States)

Flynn, Rachel Litman; Centore, Richard C; O'Sullivan, Roderick J; Rai, Rekha; Tse, Alice; Songyang, Zhou; Chang, Sandy; Karlseder, Jan; Zou, Lee

2011-03-24

Maintenance of telomeres requires both DNA replication and telomere 'capping' by shelterin. These two processes use two single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding proteins, replication protein A (RPA) and protection of telomeres 1 (POT1). Although RPA and POT1 each have a critical role at telomeres, how they function in concert is not clear. POT1 ablation leads to activation of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) checkpoint kinase at telomeres, suggesting that POT1 antagonizes RPA binding to telomeric ssDNA. Unexpectedly, we found that purified POT1 and its functional partner TPP1 are unable to prevent RPA binding to telomeric ssDNA efficiently. In cell extracts, we identified a novel activity that specifically displaces RPA, but not POT1, from telomeric ssDNA. Using purified protein, here we show that the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) recapitulates the RPA displacing activity. The RPA displacing activity is inhibited by the telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) in early S phase, but is then unleashed in late S phase when TERRA levels decline at telomeres. Interestingly, TERRA also promotes POT1 binding to telomeric ssDNA by removing hnRNPA1, suggesting that the re-accumulation of TERRA after S phase helps to complete the RPA-to-POT1 switch on telomeric ssDNA. Together, our data suggest that hnRNPA1, TERRA and POT1 act in concert to displace RPA from telomeric ssDNA after DNA replication, and promote telomere capping to preserve genomic integrity.

The Response of Paraburkholderia terrae Strains to Two Soil Fungi and the Potential Role of Oxalate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Irshad Ul Haq

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Fungal-associated Paraburkholderia terrae strains in soil have been extensively studied, but their sensing strategies to locate fungi in soil have remained largely elusive. In this study, we investigated the behavior of five mycosphere-isolated P. terrae strains [including the type-3 secretion system negative mutant BS001-ΔsctD and the type strain DSM 17804T] with respect to their fungal-sensing strategies. The putative role of oxalic acid as a signaling molecule in the chemotaxis toward soil fungi, as well as a potential carbon source, was assessed. First, all P. terrae strains, including the type strain, were found to sense, and show a chemotactic response toward, the different levels of oxalic acid (0.1, 0.5, and 0.8% applied at a distance. The chemotactic responses were faster and stronger at lower concentrations (0.1% than at higher ones. We then tested the chemotactic responses of all strains toward exudates of the soil fungi Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten and Trichoderma asperellum 302 used in different dilutions (undiluted, 1:10, 1:100 diluted versus the control. All P. terrae strains showed significant directed chemotactic behavior toward the exudate source, with full-strength exudates inciting the strongest responses. In a separate experiment, strain BS001 was shown to be able to grow on oxalate-amended (0.1 and 0.5% mineral medium M9. Chemical analyses of the fungal secretomes using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR, next to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, indeed revealed the presence of oxalic acid (next to glycerol, acetic acid, formic acid, and fumaric acid in the supernatants of both fungi. In addition, citric acid was found in the Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten exudates. Given the fact that, next to oxalic acid, the other compounds can also serve as C and energy sources for P. terrae, the two fungi clearly offer ecological benefits to this bacterium. The oxalic acid released by the two fungi may have

Two drastically different climate states on an Earth-like terra-planet

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. Kalidindi

2018-06-01

Full Text Available We study an Earth-like terra-planet (water-limited terrestrial planet with an overland recycling mechanism bringing fresh water back from the high latitudes to the low latitudes. By performing model simulations for such a planet we find two drastically different climate states for the same set of boundary conditions and parameter values: a cold and wet (CW state with dominant low-latitude precipitation and a hot and dry (HD state with only high-latitude precipitation. We notice that for perpetual equinox conditions, both climate states are stable below a certain threshold value of background soil albedo while above the threshold only the CW state is stable. Starting from the HD state and increasing background soil albedo above the threshold causes an abrupt shift from the HD state to the CW state resulting in a sudden cooling of about 35 °C globally, which is of the order of the temperature difference between present day and the Snowball Earth state. When albedo starting from the CW state is reduced down to zero the terra-planet does not shift back to the HD state (no closed hysteresis. This is due to the high cloud cover in the CW state hiding the surface from solar irradiation so that surface albedo has only a minor effect on the top of the atmosphere radiation balance. Additional simulations with present-day Earth's obliquity all lead to the CW state, suggesting a similar abrupt transition from the HD state to the CW state when increasing obliquity from zero. Our study also has implications for the habitability of Earth-like terra-planets. At the inner edge of the habitable zone, the higher cloud cover in the CW state cools the planet and may prevent the onset of a runaway greenhouse state. At the outer edge, the resupply of water at low latitudes stabilizes the greenhouse effect and keeps the planet in the HD state and may prevent water from getting trapped at high latitudes in frozen form. Overall, the existence of bistability in the

Estrutura funcional e conservação de assembleias de peixes de riachos na Amazônia Brasileira

OpenAIRE

Leitão, Rafael Pereira

2015-01-01

Os ecossistemas da Terra estão enfrentando níveis de perturbações antropogênicas sem precedentes. As florestas tropicais, que sustentam enorme diversidade de espécies, sofrem as mais severas alterações de paisagem na atualidade. Essas florestas abrigam uma elevada proporção de espécies raras, que tendem a ser as primeiras a se extinguir em decorrência dos impactos ambientais. Diante desse cenário, quantificações precisas das respostas bióticas frente às mudanças ambientais torn...

75 FR 1052 - Terra-Gen Dixie Valley, LLC; TGP Dixie Development Company, LLC; New York Canyon, LLC; Notice of...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-08

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. EL10-29-000] Terra-Gen Dixie Valley, LLC; TGP Dixie Development Company, LLC; New York Canyon, LLC; Notice of Filing December 30, 2009. Take notice that on December 24, 2009, Terra-Gen Dixie Valley, LLC, TGP Dixie Development Company, LLC...

The Unique Geomorphology and Physical Properties of the Vestalia Terra Plateau

Science.gov (United States)

Buczkowski, D.L.; Wyrick, D.Y.; Toplis, M.; Yingst, R. A.; Williams, D. A.; Garry, W. B.; Mest, S.; Kneissl, T.; Scully, J. E. C.; Nathues, A.;

Multi-scale comparisons of tree composition in Amazonian terra firme forests

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. Freitas Alvarado

2009-11-01

Full Text Available We explored the floristic composition of terra firme forests across Amazonia using 55 plots. Firstly, we examined the floristic patterns using both genus- and species-level data and found that the species-level analysis more clearly distinguishes among forests. Next, we compared the variation in plot floristic composition at regional- and continental-scales, and found that average among-pair floristic similarity and its decay with distance behave similarly at regional- and continental-scales. Nevertheless, geographical distance had different effects on floristic similarity within regions at distances <100 km, where north-western and south-western Amazonian regions showed greater floristic variation than plots of central and eastern Amazonia. Finally, we quantified the role of environmental factors and geographical distance for determining variation in floristic composition. A partial Mantel test indicated that while geographical distance appeared to be more important at continental scales, soil fertility was crucial at regional scales within western Amazonia, where areas with similar soil conditions were more likely to share a high number of species. Overall, these results suggest that regional-scale variation in floristic composition can rival continental-scale differences within Amazonian terra firme forests, and that variation in floristic composition at both scales is influenced by geographical distance and environmental factors, such as climate and soil fertility. To fully account for regional-scale variation in continental studies of floristic composition, future floristic studies should focus on forest types poorly represented at regional scales in current datasets, such as terra firme forests with high soil fertility in north-western Amazonia.

Il nucleo terrestre: il cuore magnetico della Terra

OpenAIRE

De Santis, A.

2006-01-01

Il campo magnetico terrestre è una proprietà intrinseca del nostro pianeta e di altri oggetti del sistema solare. Il Sole stesso possiede un forte campo magnetico che si inverte quasi ciclicamente ogni 10-11 anni; tale comportamento è visibile attraverso la medesima ciclicità delle macchie solari che denotano sulla superficie l’intensa attività magnetica della nostra stella. Il campo magnetico terrestre è importantissimo per la vita sulla Terra. Esso protegge il pianeta dalle p...

Western Aphrodite Terra, tectonics, geology, and line-of-sight gravity

Science.gov (United States)

Hays, John E.; Morgan, Paul

1992-01-01

Aphrodite Terra is the largest area of high-standing topography on Venus, and isostatic considerations strongly suggest that this high topography is supported at least in part by thickened crust. Previous studies of line-of-sight gravity data from the Pioneer Venus Orbiter indicate rapidly changing apparent depths of compensation across Aphrodite Terra. Magellan imaging data provide the first detailed images of this region, and we are mapping the region along Pioneer Venus orbit 440 to investigate whether the changing apparent depths of compensation correlate with changes in surficial tectonics. Preliminary mapping of geological features on Magellan images along the path of Pioneer Venus orbit 440 do not indicate a first-order correlation among surface features and changes in the apparent depth of compensation of line-of-sight gravity data. The apparent depth of compensation appears to be most variable in regions dominated by tessera, but not all areas of tessera have distinct gravity signatures. There is a weak correlation among areas in which impact craters are relatively common and areas in which the observed and predicted gravity anomalies are poorly correlated.

CERES ERBE-like Instantaneous TOA Estimates (ES-8) in HDF (CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ES-8 archival data product contains a 24-hour, single-satellite, instantaneous view of scanner fluxes at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reduced from spacecraft altitude unfiltered radiances using Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) scanner Inversion algorithms and the ERBE shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) Angular Distribution Models (ADMs). The ES-8 also includes the total (TOT), SW, LW, and window (WN) channel radiometric data; SW, LW, and WN unfiltered radiance values; and the ERBE scene identification for each measurement. These data are organized according to the CERES 3.3-second scan into 6.6-second records. As long as there is one valid scanner measurement within a record, the ES-8 record will be generated. The following CERES ES8 data sets are currently available: CER_ES8_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES8_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES8_TRMM-PFM_Transient-Ops2 CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES8_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES8_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES8_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES8_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES8_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1997-12-27; Stop_Date=2006-09-30] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Temporal_Resolution=1 day; Temporal_Resolution_Range=Daily - < Weekly].

Calibração e avaliação do modelo ORYZA-APSIM para o arroz de terras altas no Brasil

OpenAIRE

Rogério Lorençoni

2010-01-01

Com o objetivo de calibrar e avaliar o modelo ORYZA-APSIM para o arroz de terras altas no Brasil, foram conduzidos dezessete experimentos pela EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, em quatro regiões brasileiras (Santo Antônio de Goiás-GO, Sorriso-MT, Gurupi-TO e Teresina-PI) produtoras de arroz de terras altas, entre as safras de 2005/2006 e 2008/2009. O modelo foi calibrado e avaliado para a variedade cultivada de arroz de terras altas BRS-Primavera. Os dados da calibração foram obtidos de dois experiment...

EOSDIS Terra Data Sampler #1: Western US Wildfires 2000. 1.1

Science.gov (United States)

Perkins, Dorothy C. (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

This CD-ROM contains sample data in HDF-EOS format from the instruments on board the Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra satellite: (1) Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER); (2) Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES); (3) Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR); and (4) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Data from the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument were not available for distribution (as of October 17, 2000). The remotely sensed, coincident data for the Western US wildfires were acquired August 30, 2000. This CD-ROM provides information about the Terra mission, instruments, data, and viewing tools. It also provides the Collage tool for viewing data, and links to Web sites containing other digital data processing software. Full granules of the data on this CD-ROM and other EOS Data and Information System (EOSDIS) data products are available from the NASA Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAACs).

Data Descriptor: TerraClimate, a high-resolution global dataset of monthly climate and climatic water balance from 1958-2015

Science.gov (United States)

John T. Abatzoglou; Solomon Z. Dobrowski; Sean A. Parks; Katherine C. Hegewisch

2018-01-01

We present TerraClimate, a dataset of high-spatial resolution (1/24°, ~4-km) monthly climate and climatic water balance for global terrestrial surfaces from 1958–2015. TerraClimate uses climatically aided interpolation, combining high-spatial resolution climatological normals from the WorldClim dataset, with coarser resolution time varying (i.e., monthly) data from...

EL ZEPELÍN: LA REVOLUCIÓN EN EL TRANSPORTE DE CARGA PESADA EN EL SIGLO XXI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Acevedo Suárez

2002-07-01

Full Text Available

La logística continúa afianzándose como clave competitiva de las empresas, y cobra un papel más relevante en el proceso de globalización de los mercados donde las cadenas de suministros se extienden en todo el mundo, lo cual requiere organizar transportaciones a mayores distancias. Surge un nuevo problema: cómo coordinar con menores costos y ciclos las transportaciones a largas distancias. En medio de este panorama se requiere de soluciones que impacten significativamente en organizar la logística a escala mundial y donde se permita trasladar a lugares disímiles objetos, eliminando las tradicionales operaciones de arme, desarme y reinstalaciones. Una solución en este camino lo constituye el desarrollo y utilización con un desarrollo moderno de una idea y proyecto antiguo interrumpido: el dirigible o zepelín (figura 1. En el año 2004 se hará realidad el zepelín realizando viajes comerciales a cualquier lugar en el mundo con la marca CargoLifter. La carrera por el acortamiento del ciclo del servicio al cliente continúa aumentando su velocidad, una de las actividades logísticas que más influencia tiene en el ciclo del servicio es la transportación, por ello se hace necesario buscar vías que contribuyan a la disminución de los tiempos de transportación, en especial, si se trata de la transportación de cargas voluminosas y pesadas.

Soil organic matter and fertility of anthropogenic dark earths (Terra Preta de Índio in the Brazilian Amazon basin Matéria orgânica e fertilidade de solos antropogênicos (Terra Preta De Índio da Bacia Amazônica brasileira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tony Jarbas Ferreira Cunha

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Fertility properties, total C (Ctot, and chemical soil organic matter fractions (fulvic acid fraction - FA, humic acid fraction - HA, humin fraction - H of anthropogenic dark earths (Terra Preta de Índio of the Amazon basin were compared with those of Ferralsols with no anthropogenic A horizon. Terra Preta soils had a higher fertility (pH: 5.1-5.4; Sum of bases, SB: 8.93-10.33 cmol c kg-1 , CEC: 17.2-17.5 cmol c kg-1 , V: 51-59 %, P: 116-291 mg kg-1 and Ctot (44.6-44.7 g kg-1 than adjacent Ferralsols (pH: 4.4; SB: 2.04 cmol c kg-1, CEC: 9.5 cmol c kg-1, V: 21 %, P 5 mg kg-1, C: 37.9 g kg-1. The C distribution among humic substance fractions (FA, HA, H in Terra Preta soils was also different, as shown by the ratios HA:FA and EA/H (EA=HA+FA (2.1-3.0 and 1.06-1.08 for Terra Preta and 1.2 and 0.72 for Ferralsols, respectively. While the cation exchange capacity (CEC, of Ferralsols correlated with FA (r = 0.97, the CEC of Terra Preta correlated with H (r = 0.82. The correlation of the fertility of Terra Preta with the highly stable soil organic matter fraction (H is highly significant for the development of sustainable soil fertility management models in tropical ecosystems.Propriedades de fertilidade, carbono total (Ctot e frações químicas da matéria orgânica (fração ácidos fúlvicos - FA, fração ácidos húmicos - HA e fração humina - HUM foram comparados entre solos antrópicos (Terra Preta de Índio e Latossolos sem horizonte A antrópico. Os solos antrópicos apresentaram maior fertilidade (pH: 5,1-5,4; S: 8,93-10,33 cmol c kg-1 ; CEC: 17,2-17,5 cmol c kg-1 ; V: 51-59 %; P: 116-291 mg kg-1 e maiores teores de carbono total (44,6-44,7 g kg-1 que os Latossolos (pH: 4,4; S: 2,04 cmol c kg-1; CEC: 9,5 cmol c kg-1; V: 21 %, P: 5 mg kg-1, Ctot: 37,9 g kg-1. Os solos antrópicos também tiveram distribuição diferenciada de C entre as frações das substâncias húmicas (FA, HÁ e HUM, expressa pelas razões HA:FA e EA:HUM (EA = HA + FA

MODIS/Terra Aerosol 5-Min L2 Swath 10km V5.1

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS was launched aboard the Terra satellite on December 18, 1999 (10:30 am equator crossing time) as part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) mission. MODIS...

Propuesta de implementación de un centro de servicio mecánico automotriz para vehículos livianos y maquinaria pesada de la Ilustre Municipalidad del cantón Déleg de la provincia del Cañar

OpenAIRE

Zamora Zeas, Nelson Isaac

2013-01-01

Este estudio plantea; la propuesta de implementación de un centro de servicio mecánico automotriz para vehículos livianos y maquinaria pesada del gobierno autónomo descentralizado del cantón Déleg, juntamente con el análisis de factibilidad técnica, económica y de gestión. Asegurando la confiabilidad, durabilidad, y reducción de costes en el mantenimiento de la flota. This study raises, the proposed implementation of an automotive mechanical service center for light vehicles and heavy mach...

Optimización del sistema de gestión de mantenimiento de la maquinaria pesada del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de la provincia del Cañar, a través de la gestión por procesos

OpenAIRE

López Rivera, Walter Gonzalo; Valdiviezo Coronel, Luis Guillermo

2017-01-01

El proyecto planteado, tiene como finalidad formular una propuesta para lograr la optimización del actual Sistema de Gestión de Mantenimiento de la Maquinaria Pesada del GAD Provincial del Cañar, a través de la gestión por procesos; que responda a la necesidad de optimizar el modelo vigente. The proposed project aims to formulate a proposal for the optimization of the current system of management of maintenance of heavy machinery of the "GAD Provincial del Cañar", through the process manag...

TERRA REF: Advancing phenomics with high resolution, open access sensor and genomics data

Science.gov (United States)

LeBauer, D.; Kooper, R.; Burnette, M.; Willis, C.

2017-12-01

Automated plant measurement has the potential to improve understanding of genetic and environmental controls on plant traits (phenotypes). The application of sensors and software in the automation of high throughput phenotyping reflects a fundamental shift from labor intensive hand measurements to drone, tractor, and robot mounted sensing platforms. These tools are expected to speed the rate of crop improvement by enabling plant breeders to more accurately select plants with improved yields, resource use efficiency, and stress tolerance. However, there are many challenges facing high throughput phenomics: sensors and platforms are expensive, currently there are few standard methods of data collection and storage, and the analysis of large data sets requires high performance computers and automated, reproducible computing pipelines. To overcome these obstacles and advance the science of high throughput phenomics, the TERRA Phenotyping Reference Platform (TERRA-REF) team is developing an open-access database of high resolution sensor data. TERRA REF is an integrated field and greenhouse phenotyping system that includes: a reference field scanner with fifteen sensors that can generate terrabytes of data each day at mm resolution; UAV, tractor, and fixed field sensing platforms; and an automated controlled-environment scanner. These platforms will enable investigation of diverse sensing modalities, and the investigation of traits under controlled and field environments. It is the goal of TERRA REF to lower the barrier to entry for academic and industry researchers by providing high-resolution data, open source software, and online computing resources. Our project is unique in that all data will be made fully public in November 2018, and is already available to early adopters through the beta-user program. We will describe the datasets and how to use them as well as the databases and computing pipeline and how these can be reused and remixed in other phenomics pipelines

Uso da terra e a qualidade microbiana de agregados de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rogério Melloni

2013-12-01

Full Text Available A maioria dos estudos relacionados à agregação do solo associa o efeito de manejos ou tipos de uso da terra ao teor de matéria orgânica. No entanto, a avaliação de microrganismos e seus processos, feita diretamente em estruturas indeformadas do solo, permite maior entendimento do real efeito de diferentes tipos de manejos exercidos sobre esse. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar modificações impostas por diferentes tipos de uso da terra (pastagem, mata de eucalipto, mata com araucária, plantio convencional com cenoura e plantio convencional com abóbora em atributos químicos (pH, Ca, Mg, Al, P, K, S e matéria orgânica e físicos (diâmetro médio geométrico - DMG, diâmetro médio ponderado - DMP, densidade do solo e densidade de partículas e na qualidade microbiana (atividade e carbono microbianos, micélio extrarradicular total de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares e quociente metabólico - qCO2 de classes de tamanho de agregados (I- 4,00 a 2,36 mm; II- 2,36 a 1,18 mm; III- 1,18 a 0,60 mm; IV- 0,60 a 0,30 mm; e V- 0,30 a 0,15 mm de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, no sul de Minas Gerais. Os resultados evidenciaram que os tipos de uso da terra interferem na formação, no tamanho e na qualidade microbiana dos agregados. Em agregados menores (classes IV e V, há redução de micélio extrarradicular de fungos e biomassa microbiana e aumento da atividade e do quociente metabólico, independentemente do tipo de uso da terra. A qualidade microbiana de agregados maiores do solo sob mata de araucária, com tamanho entre 0,60 e 4,00 mm (I, II e III, é semelhante a todas as classes de tamanho de agregados do solo sob mata de eucalipto, enquanto a de agregados menores de 0,60 mm (IV e V é semelhante a todas de tamanho de agregados da pastagem. Agregados do cultivo convencional, diferentemente dos demais tipos de uso da terra, apresentam baixa qualidade microbiana e relação com a fertilidade do solo.

Terra Pretas: Charcoal Amendments Influence on Relict Soils and Modern Agriculture

Science.gov (United States)

Ricigliano, Kristin

2011-01-01

Most soils found in the Amazon region are characterized by highly weathered profiles that are incapable of longterm agricultural production. However, small patches of highly fertile relict soil referred to as Terra Pretas, are also found in the Amazon region, and have maintained their integrity for thousands of years. These soils were…

Avaliação do projeto Cédula da Terra (1997-2002

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João Márcio Mendes Pereira

2012-08-01

Full Text Available O artigo avalia o projeto-piloto Cédula da Terra, inspirado no modelo de "reforma agrária assistida pelo mercado" do Banco Mundial, implementado a partir de 1994 sob formatos diferenciados, em países marcados por graves problemas agrários e fortes tensões sociais no campo, como Colômbia, África do Sul, Guatemala e Filipinas. No Brasil, o Cédula foi implantado em cinco Estados da federação e foi aclamado pelo Banco como uma experiência exitosa e exemplar. A partir dele surgiram outros programas similares em maior escala. O artigo interroga se o diagnóstico do Banco Mundial de fato se justifica e se o Cédula constituiu mesmo uma referência viável a ser replicada em maior escala no Brasil.The article evaluates the pilot-project Cédula da Terra, inspired on the "market-assisted land reform" model of the World Bank, implemented since 1994 under various formats in countries marked by the deep agrarian problems and strong social tensions in the countryside, such as Colombia, South Africa, Guatemala and the Philippines. In Brazil, the project was implemented in five states of the federation and was acclaimed by the Bank as a successful and textbook experience. From it were developed other similar programs on a large scale. The article questions if the World Bank's diagnostics are indeed justifiable and if the Cédula da Terra was really a viable reference to be replicated in Brazil in larger scale.

TerraClimate, a high-resolution global dataset of monthly climate and climatic water balance from 1958–2015

OpenAIRE

Abatzoglou, John T.; Dobrowski, Solomon Z.; Parks, Sean A.; Hegewisch, Katherine C.

2018-01-01

We present TerraClimate, a dataset of high-spatial resolution (1/24°, ~4-km) monthly climate and climatic water balance for global terrestrial surfaces from 1958–2015. TerraClimate uses climatically aided interpolation, combining high-spatial resolution climatological normals from the WorldClim dataset, with coarser resolution time varying (i.e., monthly) data from other sources to produce a monthly dataset of precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature, wind speed, vapor pressure, and sol...

History and Technology of Terra Preta Sanitation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sabino De Gisi

2014-03-01

Full Text Available In order to reach the Millennium Development Goals for significantly reducing the number of people without access to adequate sanitation, new holistic concepts are needed focusing on economically feasible closed-loop ecological sanitation systems rather than on expensive end-of-pipe technologies. An analysis of a former civilization in the Amazon (nowadays Brazil highlights the possibility to close the loop with a more sustainable lifestyle integrating soil fertility, food security, waste management, water protection and sanitation, renewable energy. Terra Preta do Indio is the anthropogenic black soil produced by ancient cultures through the conversion of bio-waste, fecal matter and charcoal into long-term fertile soils. These soils have maintained high amounts of organic carbon several thousand years after they were abandoned. Deriving from these concepts, Terra Preta Sanitation (TPS has been re-developed and adopted. TPS includes urine diversion, addition of a charcoal mixture and is based on lactic-acid-fermentation with subsequent vermicomposting. Lacto-fermentation is a biological anaerobic process that generates a pre-stabilization of the mixture. The main advantage of lacto-fermentation is that no gas and no odor is produced. What makes it particularly interesting for in-house systems even in urban areas. Instead, vermicomposting is an aerobic decomposition process of the pre-digested materials by the combined action of earthworms and microorganisms. It transforms the carbon and nutrients into the deep black, fertile and stable soil that can be utilized in agriculture. No water, ventilation or external energy is required. Starting from ancient Amazonian civilizations traditional knowledge, the aim of this work is to present TPS systems adopted nowadays.

Detection and Characterization of Hedgerows Using TerraSAR-X Imagery

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Julie Betbeder

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Whilst most hedgerow functions depend upon hedgerow structure and hedgerow network patterns, in many ecological studies information on the fragmentation of hedgerows network and canopy structure is often retrieved in the field in small areas using accurate ground surveys and estimated over landscapes in a semi-quantitative manner. This paper explores the use of radar SAR imagery to (i detect hedgerow networks; and (ii describe the hedgerow canopy heterogeneity using TerraSAR-X imagery. The extraction of hedgerow networks was achieved using an object-oriented method using two polarimetric parameters: the Single Bounce and the Shannon Entropy derived from one TerraSAR-X image. The hedgerow canopy heterogeneity estimated from field measurements was compared with two backscattering coefficients and three polarimetric parameters derived from the same image. The results show that the hedgerow network and its fragmentation can be identified with a very good accuracy (Kappa index: 0.92. This study also reveals the high correlation between one polarimetric parameter, the Shannon entropy, and the canopy fragmentation measured in the field. Therefore, VHSR radar images can both precisely detect the presence of wooded hedgerow networks and characterize their structure, which cannot be achieved with optical images.

Terrestrial spreading centers under Venus conditions - Evaluation of a crustal spreading model for Western Aphrodite Terra

Science.gov (United States)

Sotin, C.; Senske, D. A.; Head, J. W.; Parmentier, E. M.

1989-01-01

The model of Reid and Jackson (1981) for terrestrial spreading centers is applied to Venus conditions. On the basis of spreading rate, mantle temperature, and surface temperature, the model predicts both isostatic topography and crustal thickness. The model and Pioneer Venus altimetry and gravity data are used to test the hypothesis of Head and Crumpler (1987) that Western Aphrodite Terra is the location of crustal spreading on Venus. It is concluded that a spreading center model for Ovda Regio in Western Aphrodite Terra could account for the observed topography and line-of-sight gravity anomalies found in the Pioneer data.

Terra e lavoro: due questioni apparentemente dimenticate, di nuovo nell'agenda europea

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ploeg, van der J.D.

2012-01-01

Questo articolo discute l’agricoltura contadina come la principale istituzione-lavoro in Europa. Si afferma che sia il lavoro sia la terra sono socialmente difniti. Essi sono materialmente costituiti sulla base di tali definizioni e, laddove le definizioni sociali mutano, il significato, l’uso e e

PML-RARA-targeted DNA vaccine induces protective immunity in a mouse model of leukemia.

Science.gov (United States)

Padua, Rose Ann; Larghero, Jerome; Robin, Marie; le Pogam, Carol; Schlageter, Marie-Helene; Muszlak, Sacha; Fric, Jan; West, Robert; Rousselot, Philippe; Phan, Thi Hai; Mudde, Liesbeth; Teisserenc, Helene; Carpentier, Antoine F; Kogan, Scott; Degos, Laurent; Pla, Marika; Bishop, J Michael; Stevenson, Freda; Charron, Dominique; Chomienne, Christine

2003-11-01

Despite improved molecular characterization of malignancies and development of targeted therapies, acute leukemia is not curable and few patients survive more than 10 years after diagnosis. Recently, combinations of different therapeutic strategies (based on mechanisms of apoptosis, differentiation and cytotoxicity) have significantly increased survival. To further improve outcome, we studied the potential efficacy of boosting the patient's immune response using specific immunotherapy. In an animal model of acute promyelocytic leukemia, we developed a DNA-based vaccine by fusing the human promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor-alpha (PML-RARA) oncogene to tetanus fragment C (FrC) sequences. We show for the first time that a DNA vaccine specifically targeted to an oncoprotein can have a pronounced effect on survival, both alone and when combined with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). The survival advantage is concomitant with time-dependent antibody production and an increase in interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). We also show that ATRA therapy on its own triggers an immune response in this model. When DNA vaccination and conventional ATRA therapy are combined, they induce protective immune responses against leukemia progression in mice and may provide a new approach to improve clinical outcome in human leukemia.

Precise Determination of the Baseline Between the TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X Satellites

Science.gov (United States)

Koenig, Rolf; Rothacher, Markus; Michalak, Grzegorz; Moon, Yongjin

TerraSAR-X, launched on June 15, 2007, and TanDEM-X, to be launched in September 2009, both carry the Tracking, Occultation and Ranging (TOR) category A payload instrument package. The TOR consists of a high-precision dual-frequency GPS receiver, called Integrated GPS Occultation Receiver (IGOR), for precise orbit determination and atmospheric sounding and a Laser retro-reflector (LRR) serving as target for the global Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) ground station network. The TOR is supplied by the GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam (GFZ) Germany, and the Center for Space Research (CSR), Austin, Texas. The objective of the German/US collaboration is twofold: provision of atmospheric profiles for use in numerical weather predictions and climate studies from the occultation data and precision SAR data processing based on precise orbits and atmospheric products. For the scientific objectives of the TanDEM- X mission, i.e., bi-static SAR together with TerraSAR-X, the dual-frequency GPS receiver is of vital importance for the millimeter level determination of the baseline or distance between the two spacecrafts. The paper discusses the feasibility of generating millimeter baselines by the example of GRACE, where for validation the distance between the two GRACE satellites is directly available from the micrometer-level intersatellite link measurements. The distance of the GRACE satellites is some 200 km, the distance of the TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X formation will be some 200 meters. Therefore the proposed approach is then subject to a simulation of the foreseen TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X formation. The effect of varying space environmental conditions, of possible phase center variations, multi path, and of varying center of mass of the spacecrafts are evaluated and discussed.

Check-Up of Planet Earth at the Turn of the Millennium: Contribution of EOS-Terra to a New Phase in Earth Sciences

Science.gov (United States)

Kaufman, Yoram

1999-01-01

Langley's remarkable solar and lunar spectra collected from Mt. Whitney inspired Arrhenius to develop the first quantitative climate model in 1896. In 1999, NASA's Earth Observing AM Satellite (EOS-Terra) will repeat Langley's experiment, but for the entire planet, thus pioneering a wide array of calibrated spectral observations from space of the Earth System. Conceived in response to real environmental problems, EOS-Terra, in conjunction with other international satellite efforts, will fill a major gap in current efforts by providing quantitative global data sets with a resolution of few kilometers on the physical, chemical and biological elements of the earth system. Thus, like Langley's data, EOS-Terra can revolutionize climate research by inspiring a new generation of climate system models and enable us to assess the human impact on the environment. In the talk I shall review the historical developments that brought to the Terra mission, its objectives and example of application to biomass burning.

Data Flow for the TERRA-REF project

Science.gov (United States)

Kooper, R.; Burnette, M.; Maloney, J.; LeBauer, D.

2017-12-01

The Transportation Energy Resources from Renewable Agriculture Phenotyping Reference Platform (TERRA-REF) program aims to identify crop traits that are best suited to producing high-energy sustainable biofuels and match those plant characteristics to their genes to speed the plant breeding process. One tool used to achieve this goal is a high-throughput phenotyping robot outfitted with sensors and cameras to monitor the growth of 1.25 acres of sorghum. Data types range from hyperspectral imaging to 3D reconstructions and thermal profiles, all at 1mm resolution. This system produces thousands of daily measurements with high spatiotemporal resolution. The team at NCSA processes, annotates, organizes and stores the massive amounts of data produced by this system - up to 5 TB per day. Data from the sensors is streamed to a local gantry-cache server. The standardized sensor raw data stream is automatically and securely delivered to NCSA using Globus Connect service. Once files have been successfully received by the Globus endpoint, the files are removed from the gantry-cache server. As each dataset arrives or is created the Clowder system automatically triggers different software tools to analyze each file, extract information, and convert files to a common format. Other tools can be triggered to run after all required data is uploaded. For example, a stitched image of the entire field is created after all images of the field become available. Some of these tools were developed by external collaborators based on predictive models and algorithms, others were developed as part of other projects and could be leveraged by the TERRA project. Data will be stored for the lifetime of the project and is estimated to reach 10 PB over 3 years. The Clowder system, BETY and other systems will allow users to easily find data by browsing or searching the extracted information.

Early season monitoring of corn and soybeans with TerraSAR-X and RADARSAT-2

Science.gov (United States)

McNairn, H.; Kross, A.; Lapen, D.; Caves, R.; Shang, J.

2014-05-01

Early and on-going crop production forecasts are important to facilitate food price stability for regions at risk, and for agriculture exporters, to set market value. Most regional and global efforts in forecasting rely on multiple sources of information from the field. With increased access to data from spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), these sensors could contribute information on crop acreage. But these acreage estimates must be available early in the season to assist with production forecasts. This study acquired TerraSAR-X and RADARSAT-2 data over a region in eastern Canada dominated by economically important corn and soybean production. Using a supervised decision tree classifier, results determined that either sensor was capable of delivering highly accurate maps of corn and soybeans at the end of the growing season. Accuracies far exceeded 90%. Spatial and multi-temporal filtering approaches were compared and small improvements in accuracies were found by applying the multi-temporal filter to the RADARSAT-2 data. Of significant interest, this study determined that by using only three TerraSAR-X images corn could be accurately identified by the end of June, a mere six weeks after planting and at a vegetative growth stage (V6 - sixth leaf collar developed). However, soybeans required additional acquisitions given the variance in planting densities and planting dates in this region of Canada. In this case, accurate soybean classification required TerraSAR-X images until early August at the start of the reproductive stage (R5 - seed development is beginning). Also important, by applying a multi-temporal filter accurate mapping (close to 90%) of corn and soybeans from RADARSAT-2 could occur five weeks earlier (by August 19) than if a spatial filter was used. Thus application of this filtering approach could accelerate delivery of a crop inventory for this region of Canada. Corn and soybeans are important commodities both globally and within Canada. This

MODIS/Terra Vegetation Continuous Fields Yearly L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V051

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The Terra MODIS Vegetation Continuous Fields (VCF) product is a sub-pixel-level representation of surface vegetation cover estimates globally. Designed to...

Los costes socioeconómicos y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con enfermedades raras en España, de López Bastida, J. et al.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

SIIS Centro de Documentación y Estudios

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Reseña de la obra 'Los costes socioeconómicos y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con enfermedades raras en España' (2012 de Julio López Bastida, Renata Linertová, Pedro Serrano Aguilar, Manuel Hens Pérez, Manuel Posada de la Paz y Juan Oliva Moreno.

Estimation of daily evapotranspiration over Africa using MODIS/Terra and SEVIRI/MSG data

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Sun, Z

2012-08-01

Full Text Available , daily ET is more meaningful and useful in applications. In this study, daily ET estimates are obtained by combining data from the MODIS sensor aboard the polar-orbiting Terra satellite and the SEVIRI sensor aboard the geostationary-orbiting MSG satellite...

Qualidade físico-química e sensorial da carne de peito de matrizes pesadas de descarte Physical, chemical and sensorial breast meat quality of spent breeder hens

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Marie Komiyama

2010-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as características de qualidade: pH, cor, valor R, perda por exsudação, capacidade de retenção e absorção de água, capacidade de emulsificação, perdas por cocção, força de cisalhamento e análise sensorial da carne de matrizes pesadas de descarte de frangos de corte. A carne de peito de matrizes apresentou valores médios do parâmetro pH, valor R, perda por exsudação e valor de L* de 5,70, 1,43, 2,00 e 50,11, respectivamente. Para a capacidade de retenção e absorção de água, perda de peso por cozimento e força de cisalhamento, os valores médios foram de 77, 58, 18% e 4,94kgf cm-2, respectivamente. Na análise sensorial, a carne de matriz apresentou baixa intensidade de maciez (6,9 e menor suculência (3,4 e foi a mais elástica, borrachenta e difícil de deglutir. A carne de matrizes pesadas de descarte apresenta boas características de qualidade tecnológicas que possibilitam sua utilização como matéria-prima para a elaboração de industrializados.The aim of this research was evaluate the meat quality broiler breeder hens: pH, color, R value, drip loss, water holding capacity, water absorption capacity, emulsion capacity, cooking loss, shear force and sensorial analysis. The breast meat of broiler hens presents means values for pH, R value, drip loss and L* value parameter of 5.70, 1.43, 2.00 and 50.11, respectively. The means value for water retention capacity, water absorption capacity, cooking loss and shear force, were 77, 58, 18% e 4.94kgf cm-2 respectively. For sensory analysis, the meat of broiler hen present lower tenderness intensity (6.9, lower succulence (3.4, more elasticity, rubbery and swallowing difficulties. The meat of broiler hens presented good technology quality characteristics that make it possible to be used as meat for elaborated industry.

Validation of JAXA/MODIS Sea Surface Temperature in Water around Taiwan Using the Terra and Aqua Satellites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ming-An Lee

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The research vessel-based Conductivity Temperature Depth profiler (CTD provides underwater measurements of the bulk sea surface temperature (SST at the depths of shallower than 5 m. The CTD observations of the seas around Taiwan provide useful data for comparison with SST of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers aboard Aqua and Terra satellites archived by JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. We produce a high-resolution (1 km MODIS SST by using Multi-Channel SST (MCSST algorithm. There were 1516 cloud-free match-up data pairs of MODIS SST and in situ measurements during the period from 2003 - 2005. The difference of the root mean square error (RMSE of satellite observations from each platform during the day and at night was: 0.88°C in Aqua daytime, 0.71°C in Aqua nighttime, 0.71°C in Terra daytime, and 0.60°C in Terra nighttime. The total analysis of MODIS-derived SST shows good agreement with a bias of 0.03°C and RMSE of 0.75°C. The analyses indicate that the bias of Aqua daytime was always positive throughout the year and the large RMSE should be attributed to the large positive bias (0.45°C under diurnal warming. It was also found that the bias of Terra daytime was usually negative with a mean bias of -0.41°C; its large RMSE should be treated with care because of low solar radiation in the morning.

Distribuição da população e cobertura da terra: o lugar das Áreas Protegidas no Pará, Brasil em 2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvaro de Oliveira D’Antona

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a distribuição da população do Pará, a partir de dados do Censo Demográfico 2010 associados a dados de uso e cobertura da terra do TerraClass, dispostos em uma grade estatística. Verifica-se o papel de 113 Áreas Protegidas (AP - 46 Terras Indígenas, 51 Unidades de Conservação de Uso Sustentável e 16 Unidades de Conservação de Proteção Integral - no gradiente rural-urbano do ponto de vista populacional e em relação aos usos-coberturas da terra nelas existentes. Utilizando um Sistema de Informações Geográficas, os dados relativos às APs, ao uso e cobertura da terra e os censitários foram incorporados à grade estatística. O relacionamento espacial dos planos de informação nas células indica que a população do estado é bastante concentrada, uma tendência que se reproduz nas Áreas Protegidas (o coeficiente de Gini para a distribuição dos domicílios é superior a 0,9. As APs configuram-se como áreas menos populosas e mais florestadas em comparação ao restante do estado. Apesar da presença de extensas porções sem domicílios ocupados e da maior extensão de florestas do Pará (57%, identificam-se nestas áreas usos urbanos associados a outros usos e coberturas da terra. Os resultados indicam que as dinâmicas populacionais e as mudanças nos usos e cobertura da terra estão relacionadas de forma mais ampla, estimulando a reflexão sobre a urbanização e as mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra de forma mais integrada.

Níveis de Ruídos na Produção de Matrizes Pesadas: Estudo de Caso Sound Levels in Broilers Breeder Production System: A Case Study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

IA Nääs

2001-05-01

Full Text Available O setor econômico de produção de matrizes pesadas emprega um grande número de pessoas que permanecem cerca de 44 horas semanais dentro tanto das granjas de recria e produção, como nas salas adjacentes à câmara incubatória. O trabalho levantou os dados de níveis de ruídos em um sistema de produção de matrizes pesadas e de ovos férteis, nos galpões de recria do tipo Dark House, e produção de ovos nas salas de vacinação de pintinhos e de acondicionamento de ovos férteis, em dois dias consecutivos, por um período de 8 horas, durante as horas em que os trabalhadores se encontravam dentro dos locais. Os registros de nível de ruídos foram efetuados utilizando-se um equipamento nível sonoro marca Lutron SL 4001. Foram coletados os dados médios de nível normal e de intensidade alta intermitente. Os resultados obtidos mostram que, no galpão de produção e na sala de vacinação de pintinhos, é recomendado o uso de protetores auriculares para que se atenda à legislação vigente brasileira sobre salubridade, com relação a níveis de ruídos.The economical sector of broiler breeder production employs a large number of workers who stay around 44 hours per week within the buildings for both growing and production, as well as the areas surrounding the incubator chamber. This research evaluated the sound level in the broiler breeder production system , in the Dark House and in the egg production housing, in the chickling vaccination room and inside the room where the fertile eggs are conditioned for both transportation or to go inside the incubator chamber. The trial took place during two consecutive days, during 8 hours while the workers where in side the buildings. The level of noise was registered using the sound level equipment Lutron SL 4001. The results showed that inside the egg production housing, as well as the room where the vaccination of chickling takes place, there are levels of critical values where ear protection

MULTIMODALIDADE E A CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE DO SEM-TERRA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vanderleiidalice J. Zacchi

2009-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a maneira como o movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (mST utiliza os diferentesmodos de produçãode significado e como, nesse processo, é construída sua identidade. A análise será efetuada principalmente a partir de textos impressos, digitais e eletrônicos produzidos pelos sem-terra. Apesar de fazer bom uso das diversas habilidades pressupostas na multimodalidade, o movimento ainda se apoia fortemente no modo linguístico tanto na autorrepresentação quanto na ação social. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: multiletramento, mST, identidade, Internet, mídia. ABSTRACT: This paper aims at analysing the identity construction of the Landless Rural Workers movement (mST by making use of different modes of meaning-construction. The data provided for analysis are based especially on printed, electronic, and digital texts produced by the movement. Although the mST uses multimodal texts extensively, it still relies heavily on the linguistic mode when engaging in both self-representation and social action. KEYWORDS: multiliteracies, landless movement, identity, Internet, media.

Microscanning XRF, Xanes, And XRD Studies Of The decorated Surface Of Roman Terra Sigillata Ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mirguet, C.; Sciau, P.; Goudeau, P.; Mehta, A.; Pianetta, P.; Liu, Z.; Tamura, N.

2008-01-01

Different microscanning synchrotron techniques were used to better understand the elaboration process and origins of Terra Sigillata potteries from the Roman period. A mixture Gallic slip sample cross-section showing red and yellow colors was studied. The small (micron) size of the X-ray beam available at Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) and Advanced Light Source (ALS) synchrotron sources, coupled with the use of a sample scanning stage allowed us to spatially resolve the distribution of the constitutive mineral phases related to the chemical composition. Results show that red color is a result of iron-rich hematite crystals and the yellow part is a result of the presence of Ti-rich rutile-type phase (brookite). Volcanic-type clay is at the origin of these marble Terra Sigillata.

Expression of Telomere-Associated Proteins is Interdependent to Stabilize Native Telomere Structure and Telomere Dysfunction by G-Quadruplex Ligand Causes TERRA Upregulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Sadhukhan, Ratan; Chowdhury, Priyanka; Ghosh, Sourav; Ghosh, Utpal

2018-06-01

Telomere DNA can form specialized nucleoprotein structure with telomere-associated proteins to hide free DNA ends or G-quadruplex structures under certain conditions especially in presence of G-quadruplex ligand. Telomere DNA is transcribed to form non-coding telomere repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) whose biogenesis and function is poorly understood. Our aim was to find the role of telomere-associated proteins and telomere structures in TERRA transcription. We silenced four [two shelterin (TRF1, TRF2) and two non-shelterin (PARP-1, SLX4)] telomere-associated genes using siRNA and verified depletion in protein level. Knocking down of one gene modulated expression of other telomere-associated genes and increased TERRA from 10q, 15q, XpYp and XqYq chromosomes in A549 cells. Telomere was destabilized or damaged by G-quadruplex ligand pyridostatin (PDS) and bleomycin. Telomere dysfunction-induced foci (TIFs) were observed for each case of depletion of proteins, treatment with PDS or bleomycin. TERRA level was elevated by PDS and bleomycin treatment alone or in combination with depletion of telomere-associated proteins.

Rice monitoring with multi-temporal and dual-polarimetric TerraSAR-X data

Science.gov (United States)

Koppe, Wolfgang; Gnyp, Martin L.; Hütt, Christoph; Yao, Yinkun; Miao, Yuxin; Chen, Xinping; Bareth, Georg

2013-04-01

This study assesses the use of TerraSAR-X data for monitoring rice cultivation in the Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. The main objective is the understanding of the coherent co-polarized X-band backscattering signature of rice at different phenological stages in order to retrieve growth status. For this, multi-temporal dual polarimetric TerraSAR-X High Resolution SpotLight data (HH/VV) as well as single polarized StripMap (VV) data were acquired over the test site. In conjunction with the satellite data acquisition, a ground truth field campaign was carried out. The backscattering coefficients at HH and VV of the observed fields were extracted on the different dates and analysed as a function of rice phenology to provide a physical interpretation for the co-polarized backscatter response in a temporal and spatial manner. Then, a correlation analysis was carried out between TerraSAR-X backscattering signal and rice biomass of stem, leaf and head to evaluate the relationship with different vertical layers within the rice vegetation. HH and VV signatures show two phases of backscatter increase, one at the beginning up to 46 days after transplanting and a second one from 80 days after transplanting onwards. The first increase is related to increasing double bounce reflection from the surface-stem interaction. Then, a decreasing trend of both polarizations can be observed due to signal attenuation by increasing leaf density. A second slight increase is observed during senescence. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship with different vertical layers at different phenological stages which prove the physical interpretation of X-band backscatter of rice. The seasonal backscatter coefficient showed that X-band is highly sensitive to changes in size, orientation and density of the dominant elements in the upper canopy.

MODIS/Terra Calibrated Radiances 5-Min L1B Swath 1km V006

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The MODIS/Terra Calibrated Radiances 5-Min L1B Swath 1km (MOD021KM) contains calibrated and geolocated at-aperture radiances for 36 discrete bands located in the 0.4...

Estimation of Atmospheric Path Delays in TerraSAR-X Data using Models vs. Measurements

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Donat Perler

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR measurements of the Earth’s surface depend on electromagnetic waves that are subject to atmospheric path delays, in turn affecting geolocation accuracy. The atmosphere influences radar signal propagation by modifying its velocity and direction, effects which can be modeled. We use TerraSAR-X (TSX data to investigate improvements in the knowledge of the scene geometry. To precisely estimate atmospheric path delays, we analyse the signal return of four corner reflectors with accurately surveyed positions (based on differential GPS, placed at different altitudes yet with nearly identical slant ranges to the sensor. The comparison of multiple measurements with path delay models under these geometric conditions also makes it possible to evaluate the corrections for the atmospheric path delay made by the TerraSAR processor and to propose possible improvements.

SULL'AUMENTO DI TEMPERATURA NEL MANTELLO DELLA TERRA PER COMPRESSIONE ADIABATICA

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P. E. Valle

1951-06-01

Full Text Available Viene stabilita una relazione fra la densità, la temperatura e lavelocità delle onde longitudinali e trasversali relativa ad una particolaretrasformazione adiabatica di un solido ideale.L'equazione, applicata al mantello della. Terra, conduce al risultatoche la temperatura in prossimità del nucleo sarebbe circa 1,24volte, la temperatura alla profondità di 1000 km, se la compressionedei materiali fosse avvenuta adiabaticamente.

Terra Data Confirm Warm, Dry U.S. Winter

Science.gov (United States)

2002-01-01

New maps of land surface temperature and snow cover produced by NASA's Terra satellite show this year's winter was warmer than last year's, and the snow line stayed farther north than normal. The observations confirm earlier National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration reports that the United States was unusually warm and dry this past winter. (Click to read the NASA press release and to access higher-resolution images.) For the last two years, a new sensor aboard Terra has been collecting the most detailed global measurements ever made of our world's land surface temperatures and snow cover. The Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is already giving scientists new insights into our changing planet. Average temperatures during December 2001 through February 2002 for the contiguous United States appear to have been unseasonably warm from the Rockies eastward. In the top image the coldest temperatures appear black, while dark green, blue, red, yellow, and white indicate progressively warmer temperatures. MODIS observes both land surface temperature and emissivity, which indicates how efficiently a surface absorbs and emits thermal radiation. Compared to the winter of 2000-01, temperatures throughout much of the U.S. were warmer in 2001-02. The bottom image depicts the differences on a scale from dark blue (colder this year than last) to red (warmer this year than last). A large region of warm temperatures dominated the northern Great Plains, while the area around the Great Salt Lake was a cold spot. Images courtesy Robert Simmon, NASA GSFC, based upon data courtesy Zhengming Wan, MODIS Land Science Team member at the University of California, Santa Barbara's Institute for Computational Earth System Science

Mentalidade Global e RH Internacional em Empresas Multinacionais Brasileiras do Segmento de Construção Pesada.

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Arnaldo José França Mazzei Nogueira

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo central deste trabalho foi pesquisar a mentalidade global e as políticas de recursos humanos internacionais em duas empresas brasileiras do segmento da construção pesada. As perguntas que orientaram a pesquisa foram: o que determina a mentalidade global e como sustentá-la? As multinacionais brasileiras reconhecem a mentalidade global como fator estratégico para o negócio e adotam políticas de recursos humanos para desenvolvê-la? Qual é a visão dos gestores sobre estes processos? O artigo examina os referenciais teóricos mais importantes sobre a mentalidade global e os processos de recursos humanos internacionais; a seguir, são explicitados os procedimentos metodológicos da pesquisa, que incide sobre duas empresas, selecionadas a partir do ranking das transnacionais brasileiras realizado pela Fundação Dom Cabral. Os resultados do estudo revelaram que, apesar de as empresas em foco possuírem grande experiência de atuação global, não adotavam políticas de recursos humanos internacionais consistentes que facilitassem o desenvolvimento e a manutenção da mentalidade global de seus gestores. A análise comparativa dos depoimentos apontou que os gestores das duas empresas posicionavam-se em estágios diferentes em termos de mentalidade global: na Camargo Corrêa, a orientação etnocêntrica; na Norberto Odebrecht, a orientação regiocêntrica ou policêntrica. Embora as conclusões deste trabalho não possam ser generalizadas, por se tratar de estudos de casos, suas maiores contribuições são serem derivadas de um estudo original da mentalidade global dos gestores brasileiros e a descoberta do papel ainda incipiente das políticas de recursos humanos internacionais no desenvolvimento dessa mentalidade global.

Determinantes dos preços de terras no Brasil: uma análise de região de fronteira agrícola e áreas tradicionais

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Aline Barrozo Ferro

2013-09-01

Full Text Available O estudo tem como objetivo analisar o impacto de variáveis sobre o preço da terra agrícola entre 2000 e 2010 em três regiões: fronteira agrícola (sul do Maranhão, sul do Piauí, leste do Tocantins e oeste da Bahia, área de transição (exploração relativamente recente, mas representa um importante produtor de soja, como o Centro-Oeste e desenvolvida (áreas tradicionais, como o Sul do País. Foram utilizadas as variáveis preço de soja, produtividade, área cultivada, crédito rural, investimento em transporte, capacidade de armazenamento e preço da terra no período anterior. A partir do modelo econométrico de dados em painel, observou-se que o preço da soja (representando a renda do produtor, teve relação estreita e positiva com o preço da terra. Verificou-se, também, que nas regiões menos ocupadas um aumento da demanda por área pode impactar negativamente em seu preço devido à maior elasticidade da oferta de terras e à possibilidade de conversão de terras brutas e de pastagens em agrícolas. Já na região desenvolvida, a relação é positiva, já que a oferta de terras é praticamente inelástica. O fator especulativo foi bastante representativo na fronteira agrícola, o que evidenciou o forte interesse de investidores no potencial de valorização da terra no período.

Development Application - Terra Nova Development - Development Application Summary

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-01-01

This summary is part of the application for approval of the development of the Terra Nova Field off the coast of Newfoundland, prepared and submitted by Petro-Canada, on behalf of, and with the cooperation of its co-proponents. The full application consists of five parts, comprising the development plan itself, the Canada-Newfoundland benefits plan detailing commitments with regards to contracts and employment, the environmental impact statement concerning the impact of development on the physical and biological environment, and a statement of socio-economic impacts, characterizing existing and projected impacts of the development on the fisheries, industry, employment, demography, social and public infrastructures and facilities, and socio-cultural issues

Síndrome do notocórdio fendido, variante rara do cisto neuroentérico A rare variant of neuroenteric cyst: split notochord syndrome

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Lisieux E Jesus

2004-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudo de um caso de síndrome do notocórdio fendido, forma extremamente rara de disrafismo medular. A literatura pertinente, pesquisada através das bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS, é analisada e sumarizada. DESCRIÇÃO: Foi atendido lactente masculino de 2 meses de idade apresentando extensa deformidade de coluna lombo-sacra, hidrocefalia e exteriorização de alças intestinais pela linha média dorsal, acompanhada de fístula entérica e imperfuração anal. A malformação foi diagnosticada como síndrome do notocórdio fendido. A criança evoluiu para óbito secundário a sepse antes de ser feito qualquer tratamento cirúrgico. COMENTÁRIOS: A síndrome do notocórdio fendido é a forma mais rara de cisto neuroentérico já descrita (OBJECTIVE: We present a case of split notochord syndrome, an extremely rare form of spinal dysraphism. DESCRIPTION: We treated a 2 month-old boy presenting with an extensive lumbosacral deformity, hydrocephalus and apparent enteric segments in the dorsal midline, accompanied by an enteric fistula and imperforated anus. The malformation was diagnosed as split notochord syndrome. The baby died as a result of sepsis before surgical treatment could be attempted. COMMENTS: Split notochord syndrome is the rarest form of neuroenteric cyst described until this moment (< 25 cases in the literature. It is frequently associated with anorectal malformation, intestinal fistulae and hydrocephalus. Prognosis is not necessarily poor and survival is possible if digestive malformations, hydrocephalus and the dysraphism itself are treated simultaneously.

Elucidating the formation of terra fuscas using Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes and rare earth elements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hissler, Christophe; Stille, Peter; Juilleret, Jérôme; Iffly, Jean François; Perrone, Thierry; Morvan, Gilles

2015-01-01

Highlights: • Geochemical evidences on stabile phase confirm Bajocian marl as terra fusca parent material. • Precipitation/Dissolution of secondary carbonates controls geochemistry of labile phases. • This terra fusca sequence record at least four geological and environmental events. - Abstract: Carbonate weathering mantles, like terra fusca, are common in Europe but their formation and evolution is still badly understood. We propose to combine geological, mineralogical and pedological knowledge with trace element and isotope data of a weathering mantle as a novel approach to understand the evolution of terra fuscas. Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes and rare earth element (REE) contents were analyzed in a cambisol developing on a typical terra fusca on top of a condensed Bajocian limestone-marl succession from the eastern side of the Paris Basin. The isotope data, REE distribution patterns and mass balance calculations suggest that the cambisol mirrors the trace element enrichments present in this carbonate lithology, which are exceptionally high compared to global average carbonate. The deeper soil horizons are strongly enriched not only in REE (ΣREE: 2640 ppm) but also in redox-sensitive elements such as Fe (44 wt.%), V (1000 ppm), Cr (700 ppm), Zn (550 ppm), As (260 ppm), Co (45 ppm) and Cd (2.4 ppm). The trace element distribution patterns of the carbonate bedrock are similar to those of the soil suggesting their close genetic relationships. Sr–Nd–Pb isotope data allow to identify four principal components in the soil: a silicate-rich pool close to the surface, a leachable REE enriched pool at the bottom of the soil profile, the limestone on which the weathering profile developed and an anthropogenic, atmosphere-derived component detected in the soil leachates of the uppermost soil horizon. The leachable phases are mainly secondary carbonate-bearing REE phases such as bastnaesite ((X) Ca(CO 3 ) 2 F) (for X: Ce, La and Nd). The isotope data and trace element

A TERRITORIALIDADE DOS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS QUE LUTAM POR TERRA E REFORMA AGRÁRIA NO PONTAL DO PARANAPANEMA

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Edvaldo Carlos de Lima

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Para apreendermos a mobilização da classe trabalhadora no campo, no âmbito da luta eresistência na terra no Brasil, é preciso refletir, entre outros, sobre dois fenômenos: o latifúndio e osmovimentos sociais rurais, sendo o primeiro a base propulsora do segundo. Especificamente nestetexto, apontamos um diagnóstico das dissensões (discrepâncias e dissidências (separações pordivergências políticas dos Movimentos Sociais que Lutam pela Terra e pela Reforma Agrária(MSLTRA na região do Pontal do Paranapanema, com especial atenção aos seus desdobramentosterritoriais.

SUSCEPTIBILIDADE AMBIENTAL A SALINIZAÇÃO DAS TERRAS EM MUNICÍPIOS DA MICRORREGIÃO DE PETROLINA - PERNAMBUCO - BRASIL

OpenAIRE

Francelita Coelho Castro; Antonio Marcos dos Santos

2015-01-01

A salinização é o processo de acumulo de sais solúveis nos solos proporcionados pelas ações humanas no tocante das práticas de uso dos solos, assim como, provocados por processos naturais. O problema provoca redução da capacidade de produção agrícola de centenas de hectares de terras, principalmente nas regiões semiáridas e áridas, incluído parte das terras localizadas no nordeste brasileiro. Neste contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o mapeamento da susceptibilidade a sal...

Caracterização do grânulo de amido de bananas (Musa AAA-Nanicão e Musa AAB-Terra Characterization of starch granules from bananas Musa AAA-Nanicão and Musa AAB-Terra

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M.C.J. Freitas

2005-06-01

Full Text Available O amido de bananas tem sido pesquisado na área de nutrição a partir da introdução do conceito de Amido Resistente. O amido de Musa AAA-Nanicão e Musa AAB-Terra foram caracterizados quanto as suas respostas fisiológicas [12]. Em continuidade, o presente trabalho estudou características físicas e morfológicas dos grânulos de amido de ambas as espécies de banana comparando-as com amido nativo de milho comercial. O amido de bananas foi extraído segundo CHIANG, CHU & CHU [3]. A morfologia dos grânulos foi realizada após tratamento enzimático in vitro a 37°C/24h com alfa-amilase pancreática. Foram efetuados os respectivos amilogramas e difractogramas de raios-X. Os grânulos de amido da Musa Tipo AAA-Nanicão apresentaram comprimento entre 30-40µm. Em Musa AAB-Terra, os grânulos, também ovais e alongados, eram um pouco menores, 20-30µm. A corrosão enzimática in vitro iniciava-se sobre a superfície anteriormente lisa e formavam estrias superficiais e apicais. A Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV mostrou que a hidrólise in vitro por 24 horas foi pequena e ocorria sobretudo nas camadas amorfas dos grânulos de ambas as espécies. O padrão de corrosão demonstrou-se distinto daquele ocorrido no amido de milho. As suspensões de amido de bananas ao viscosímetro demonstraram forte capacidade de hidratação e menor capacidade de retrogradação em relação ao milho, sobretudo do amido de Musa Tipo AAA-Nanicão; o amido de Musa Tipo AAB-Terra apresentou maior estabilidade de pasta. Na análise de difração de raios-X, os grânulos de bananas apresentaram padrão tipo B e C para Musa Tipo AAA-Nanicão e Musa Tipo AAB-Terra, respectivamente. Conclui-se que os amidos de Musa AAA-Nanicão e Musa AAB-Terra são estruturalmente distintos, justificando as respostas fisiológicas distintas encontradas posteriormente pelos mesmos autores. As distinções das propriedades físicas e bioquímicas obtidas para os grânulos, embora

Status report : Terra Nova project environmental assessment panel : recommendations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2002-01-01

An application to the Canada-Newfoundland Offshore Petroleum Board (CNOPB) was submitted by Petro-Canada on August 5, 1996, notifying of its intent to develop the petroleum resources located at the Terra Nova field. The provincial and federal governments jointly appointed the Terra Nova Project Environmental Panel, and the board of the CNOPB referred to it the application documents for review. The environmental effects, considerations of human safety incorporated into the design and operation of the Project, the general approach to the development and exploitation of the petroleum resources, and the employment and industrial benefits expected to be derived from the Project were the issues under review by the Panel. On April 22, 1997, public hearings into the review began, and the final report was submitted to governments and the Board in August 1997. The report included 75 recommendations. The Project was approved in Decision 97.02 in December 1997, and the Board dealt with each of the recommendations. The respective positions of the Governments of Canada and Newfoundland and Labrador with regard to the recommendations that fell outside the jurisdiction of the Board were made public. A status report on every one of the 75 recommendations is provided in the present report. The recommendation is repeated, the verbatim response taken from Decision 97.02 included, followed by the status of the response. The production operations phase of the Project accounts for approximately 65 per cent of the recommendations. January 20, 2002 was the date the Project was begun

Mycobacterium arupense, Mycobacterium heraklionense, and a Newly Proposed Species, "Mycobacterium virginiense" sp. nov., but Not Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum, as Species of the Mycobacterium terrae Complex Causing Tenosynovitis and Osteomyelitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Vasireddy, Ravikiran; Vasireddy, Sruthi; Brown-Elliott, Barbara A; Wengenack, Nancy L; Eke, Uzoamaka A; Benwill, Jeana L; Turenne, Christine; Wallace, Richard J

2016-05-01

Mycobacterium terrae complex has been recognized as a cause of tenosynovitis, with M. terrae and Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum reported as the primary etiologic pathogens. The molecular taxonomy of the M. terrae complex causing tenosynovitis has not been established despite approximately 50 previously reported cases. We evaluated 26 isolates of the M. terrae complex associated with tenosynovitis or osteomyelitis recovered between 1984 and 2014 from 13 states, including 5 isolates reported in 1991 as M. nonchromogenicum by nonmolecular methods. The isolates belonged to three validated species, one new proposed species, and two novel related strains. The majority of isolates (20/26, or 77%) belonged to two recently described species: Mycobacterium arupense (10 isolates, or 38%) and Mycobacterium heraklionense (10 isolates, or 38%). Three isolates (12%) had 100% sequence identity to each other by 16S rRNA and 99.3 to 100% identity by rpoB gene region V sequencing and represent a previously undescribed species within the M. terrae complex. There were no isolates of M. terrae or M. nonchromogenicum, including among the five isolates reported in 1991. The 26 isolates were susceptible to clarithromycin (100%), rifabutin (100%), ethambutol (92%), and sulfamethoxazole or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (70%). The current study suggests that M. arupense, M. heraklionense, and a newly proposed species ("M. virginiense" sp. nov.; proposed type strain MO-233 [DSM 100883, CIP 110918]) within the M. terrae complex are the major causes of tenosynovitis and osteomyelitis in the United States, with little change over 20 years. Species identification within this complex requires sequencing methods. Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Natural Gamma Emitters after a Selective Chemical Separation of a TENORM residue: Preliminary Results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alves de Freitas, Antonio; Abrao, Alcidio; Godoy dos Santos, Adir Janete; Pecequilo, Brigitte Roxana Soreanu

2008-01-01

An analytical procedure was established in order to obtain selective fractions containing radium isotopes ( 228 Ra), thorium ( 232 Th), and rare earths from RETOTER (REsiduo de TOrio e TErras Raras), a solid residue rich in rare earth elements, thorium isotopes and small amount of natural uranium generated from the operation of a thorium pilot plant for purification and production of pure thorium nitrate at IPEN -CNEN/SP. The paper presents preliminary results of 228 Ra, 226 Ra, 238 U, 210 Pb, and 40 K concentrations in the selective fractions and total residue determined by high-resolution gamma spectroscopy, considering radioactive equilibrium of the samples

Enxame de diques máficos de Olivença: aspectos geoquímicos e petrogenéticos

OpenAIRE

Maria Alba Farias Tanner de Oliveira

1990-01-01

O enxame de diques máficos de Ilhéus-Olivença e aqueles que ocorrem de forma esparsa desde Itabuna até Itaju do Colônia no sul do estado da Bahia, foram submetidos a um estudo detalhado envolvendo análises petrográficas e químicas de elementos maiores e traços (incluindo os elementos Terras Raras) e também química mineral. Os diques possuem larguras de 20 cm a 30 m, são subverticais a verticais e possuem \\"trend\\" preferencial E-W. Eles foram colocados em fraturas extensionais no Proterozóico...

Aplicação de índice comparativo na avaliação do risco de degradação das terras

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S. B. L. Ranieri

1998-12-01

Full Text Available A determinação do risco de degradação das terras em uma microbacia hidrográfica constitui importante subsídio para o planejamento agrícola e ambiental. A tendência atual é que as informações necessárias para a avaliação das terras sejam compatíveis com técnicas de geoprocessamento e tratadas de forma menos subjetiva. Todavia, critérios ou parâmetros que avaliem quantitativamente o risco de degradação das terras e que sejam compatíveis com a escala de microbacia hidrográfica e aplicáveis por meio de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIGs ainda precisam ser mais bem definidos. O objetivo deste trabalho, realizado no segundo semestre de 1996, foi elaborar um método de avaliação comparativa do risco de degradação das terras na bacia hidrográfica dos Marins (Piracicaba, SP, sob diferentes cenários de uso, utilizando SIG. Os mapas de risco de degradação foram gerados com base em matrizes de decisão para os seguintes cenários de uso: (a sem cobertura vegetal; (b uso atual da terra; (c uso único; (d uso redistribuído; (e uso planejado. Os resultados foram comparados por um índice denominado "Índice Ponderado de Risco de Degradação (IP D". Por meio desse índice foi possível comparar quantitativamente o risco de degradação para os cenários de uso propostos. Os resultados mostraram que a tentativa de alterar apenas a distribuição espacial dos usos da terra não foi suficiente para diminuir o risco de degradação final da área, caracterizando, assim, a superutilização das terras da microbacia. Para diminuir os impactos causados por essa superutilização, faz-se necessária a definição de critérios de restrição de ocupação que conciliem áreas de maior suscetibilidade à erosão com usos que ofereçam maior proteção ao solo, levando à diminuição da área ocupada com culturas anuais e semiperenes.

Relation between "terra rossa" from the Apulia aquifer of Italy and the radon content of groundwater: Experimental results and their applicability to radon occurrence in the aquifer

Science.gov (United States)

Tadolini, T.; Spizzico, M.

The radon-222 (222Rn) activity in groundwater of the Apulian karstic aquifer in southern Italy is as great as 500 Becquerel per liter (Bq/L) locally. Normal radium-226 (226Ra) activity in the limestone and calcareous dolomites of the aquifer is not enough to explain such a high level. Laboratory investigations identified high 226Ra activity in the "terra rossa," the residuum occupying fissures and cavities in the bedrock, and also the relation between (1) 226Ra-bearing bedrock and "terra rossa" and (2) 222Rn in water. The "terra rossa" is the primary source of the radon in the groundwater. The experimental results show the need to characterize the "terra rossa" of Apulia on the basis of 226Ra activity and also to study the distribution and variations in 222Rn activity over time in the aquifer. Résumé L'activité du radon-222 (222Rn) dans les eaux souterraines de l'aquifère karstique des Pouilles, dans le sud de l'Italie, atteint localement 500 Becquerel par litre (Bq/L). L'activité normale du radium-226 (226Ra) dans les calcaires et dans les calcaires dolomitiques de l'aquifère n'est pas assez élevée pour expliquer des valeurs aussi élevées. Des analyses de laboratoire ont mis en évidence une forte activité en 226Ra dans la terra rossa, remplissage de fissures et de cavités de la roche, ainsi qu'une relation entre (1) la roche et la terra rossa contenant du 226Ra et (2) le 222Rn dans l'eau. La terra rossa est la source primaire de radon dans l'eau souterraine. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent qu'il est nécessaire de caractériser la terra rossa des Pouilles par son activité en 226Ra et d'étudier la distribution et les variations de l'activité en 222Rn au cours du temps dans l'aquifère. Resumen La actividad del radon-222 (222Rn) en el agua subterránea del acuífero cárstico de Apulia, al sur de Italia, alcanza localmente los 500Bq/L. La actividad normal del radio-226 (226Ra) en las calcitas y dolomitas del acuífero no es suficiente para

Terra-Preta-Technology as an innovative system component to create circulation oriented, sustainable land use systems

Science.gov (United States)

Dotterweich, M.; Böttcher, J.; Krieger, A.

2012-04-01

This paper presents current research and application projects on innovative system solutions which are based on the implementation of a regional resource efficient material flow management as well as utilising "Terra-Preta-Technology" as an innovative system component. Terra Preta Substrate (TPS) is a recently developed substance composed of liquid and solid organic matter, including biochar, altered by acid-lactic fermentation. Based on their properties, positive effects on water and nutrient retention, soil microbiological activity, and cation-exchange capacity are expected and currently investigated by different projects. TPS further sequesters carbon and decreases NO2 emissions from fertilized soils as observed by the use of biochar. The production of TPS is based on a circulation oriented organic waste management system directly adapted to the local available inputs and desired soil amendment properties. The production of TPS is possible with simple box systems for subsistence farming but also on a much larger scale as modular industrial plants for farmers or commercial and municipal waste management companies in sizes from 500 and 50,000 m3. The Terra-Preta-Technology enhances solutions to soil conservation, soil amelioration, humic formation, reduced water consumption, long term carbon sequestration, nutrient retention, containment binding, and to biodiversity on local to a regional scale. The projects also involve research of ancient land management systems to enhance resource efficiency by means of an integrative and transdisciplinary approach.

Mycobacterium icosiumassiliensis sp. nov., a New Member in the Mycobacterium terrae Complex Isolated from Surface Water in Algeria.

Science.gov (United States)

Djouadi, Lydia N; Levasseur, Anthony; Khalil, Jacques Bou; Blanc-Taileur, Caroline; Asmar, Shady; Ghiloubi, Wassila; Natèche, Farida; Drancourt, Michel

2016-08-01

An acid-fast, rapidly growing, rod-shaped microorganism designated 8WA6 was isolated from a lake in Algiers, Algeria. The lake water was characterized by a temperature of 18 °C, a pH of 7.82, a copper concentration of 8.6 µg/L, and a cadmium concentration of 0.6 µg/L. First-line molecular identification confirmed the 8WA6 isolate to be a member of the Mycobacterium terrae complex, sharing 99.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with M. arupense AR-30097, 98.2 % partial hsp65 gene sequence similarity with M. terrae 28K766, and 97.1 % partial rpoB gene sequence similarity with Mycobacterium sp. FI-05396. Its 4.89-Mb genome exhibits a 66.8 GC % and an average nucleotide identity of 64.5 % with M. tuberculosis, 70.5 % with M. arupense, and 75 % with M. asiaticum. In the M. terrae complex, Mycobacterium 8WA6 was unique in exhibiting growth at 42 °C, negative reaction for nitrate reduction, urease activity and Tween 80 hydrolysis, and a positive reaction for α-glucosidase and β-glucosidase. Its protein profile determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry revealed a unique spectrum similar to M. arupense and M. terrae, exhibiting eleven specific peaks at 3787.791, 4578.019, 6349.630, 6855.638, 7202.310, 8149.608, 8775.257, 10,224.588, 10,484.116, 12,226.379, and 12,636.871 m/z. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for antibiotics, determined by microdilution, indicated a broad spectrum resistance, except for rifabutin (MIC, 0.5 g/L) and cefoxitin (MIC, 16 g/L). We concluded that the 8WA6 isolate is a representative isolate of a previously undescribed species in the M. terrae complex, which was named M. icosiumassiliensis sp. nov. with strain 8WA6 (Collection de Souches de l'Unité des Rickettsies, CSUR P1561, Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, DSM 100711) as the type strain.

Solar cycle 22 control on daily geomagnetic variation at Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica

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P. Palangio

1998-06-01

Full Text Available Nine summer geomagnetic observatory data (1986-1995 from Terra Nova Bay Base, Antarctica (Lat.74.690S, Long. 164.120E, 80.040S magnetic latitude are used to investigate the behaviour of the daily variation of the geomagnetic field at polar latitude. The instrumentation includes a proton precession magnetometer for total intensity |F| digital recordings; DI magnetometers for absolute measuring of the angular elements D and I and a three axis flux-gate system for acquiring H,D Z time variation data. We find that the magnetic time variation amplitude follows the solar cycle evolution and that the ratio between minimum solar median and maximum solar median is between 2-3 for intensive elements (H and Z and 1.7 for declination(D. The solar cycle effect on geomagnetic daily variation elements amplitude in Antarctica, in comparison with previous studies, is then probably larger than expected. As a consequence, the electric current system that causes the daily magnetic field variation reveals a quite large solar cycle effect at Terra Nova Bay.

Pagamentos por serviços ambientais, custos de oportunidade e a transição para usos da terra alternativos: o caso de agricultores familiares do Nordeste Paraense

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Rosangela Calado da Costa

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, avalia-se o papel que o pagamento por serviços ambientais proposto pela política pública Proambiente (2003-2007 poderia ter tido sobre a substituição do uso da terra tradicional (sistema de “derruba-e-queima” e a adoção de usos da terra alternativos, capazes de fornecer maiores níveis de serviços ambientais, entre agricultores familiares do Nordeste do Pará, Amazônia Brasileira. Para isso, foram estimados custos de oportunidades para os usos da terra tradicional e alternativos (agricultura sem uso do fogo, sistemas agroflorestais, manejo de açaí, enriquecimento de capoeira e apicultura. Os resultados indicaram que o pagamento do Proambiente teria sido insuficiente para incentivar o abandono do uso da terra tradicional e que poderia ter sido mais promissor fornecer condições para que os agricultores familiares realizassem a transição para usos da terra capazes de fornecer maiores níveis de renda no longo prazo, como sistemas agroflorestais e manejo de açaizal.

Enraizamento de estacas dos porta-enxertos Araticum-de-Terra-Fria (Rollinia sp. e Araticum-Mirim (Rollinia emarginata Schltdl. para anonáceas Rooting of rootstock cutting Araticum-de-Terra-Fria (Rollinia sp. and Araticum-Mirim (Rollinia emarginata Schltdl. for anonáceas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Emílio Bettiol Neto

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho verificar a influência do ácido 3-indolbutírico (AIB sobre o enraizamento de estacas de araticum-de-terra-fria e araticum-mirim. Estacas semilenhosas padronizadas com 15 cm de comprimento, um par de folhas e diâmetro de 0,4-0,5 cm, foram tratadas com diferentes concentrações de AIB (0, 1000, 2000 e 3000 mg.L-1 por cinco segundos e, posteriormente, colocadas em bandejas de isopor de 72 células (120 cm³/célula contendo como substrato a vermiculita expandida de grânulos médios. Em seguida, as bandejas foram transferidas para câmara de nebulização intermitente. Após 60 dias do estaqueamento, avaliou-se a porcentagem de estacas vivas, calejadas, enraizadas, brotadas e o número médio de raízes por estaca. Concluiu-se que o araticum-de-terra-fria promoveu melhores resultados para todas as variáveis analisadas, em comparação com o araticum-mirim; o AIB apenas influenciou a porcentagem de estacas calejadas, enraizadas e brotadas para o araticum-de-terra-fria, sendo que concentrações crescentes de AIB aumentam a porcentagem de estacas calejadas e enraizadas até a obtenção de 89% e 56,4%, respectivamente, mas por outro lado diminuem linearmente a porcentagem de estacas brotadas.The objective of the present research to verify the was influence of the indol-3-butyric acid (IBA on rooting of cutting of araticum-de-terra-fria and araticum-mirim. Semi hardwood cuttings standardized with 15 cm of length, one pair of leaves and diameter of 0,4-0,5 cm, were treated with different concentrations of IBA (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg.L-1 for five seconds and later on placed in trays of polypropylene of 72 cells (120 cm³, containing as substrate vermiculita, being transferred to a camera of intermittent nebulization. After 60 days, the alive cutting, callous, rooting and sprouting percentages, and also, the number of rootses emitted by cutting were evaluated. The araticum-de-terra-fria promoted better

Patologia e reabilitação de construções em terra

OpenAIRE

Torgal, Fernando Pacheco; Jalali, Said

2009-01-01

O presente artigo aborda a questão da patologia e da reabilitação das construções tradicionais em terra, como forma de contribuir para a divulgação deste tipo de construção e para a sensibilização quanto à necessidade da promoção de construções mais “amigas do ambiente”.

Construções em terra crua: conservação do património existente e perspectivas futuras

OpenAIRE

Faria, Paulina; Henriques, Fernando M.A.

2006-01-01

PATORREB 2006 - 2º Encontro sobre Patologia e Reabilitação de Edifícios, FEUP, Porto, Março 2006, p. 273-282 Apresentam-se de forma genérica as tecnologias construtivas em terra crua mais utilizadas no país e a sua disseminação no território. Referem-se as características específicas das paredes em terra e algumas das potencialidades deste tipo de construção, aos níveis técnico, ecológico, económico, estético, cultural e social, e as principais deficiências apresentadas – casos...

Terra@15, S'Cool@18: A Long-Running Student and Citizen Science Campaign for Validating Cloud Retrievals

Science.gov (United States)

Chambers, L. H.; Crecelius, S.; Rogerson, T. M.

2014-12-01

As Terra marks its 15th anniversary, the Students' Cloud Observations On-Line (S'COOL) Project celebrates an 18 year milestone. S'COOL is the education and public outreach arm of the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) project, which has two instruments on Terra. It developed from an initial conversation between scientists and educators in December 1996 before the launch of the first CERES instrument on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Since January 1997, S'COOL has engaged students and citizen scientists with this NASA research by inviting them to make ground truth observations of clouds and related Earth system parameters. Since the project began, more than 127,000 cloud observations have been reported from more than 70 countries around the world. While observations are accepted at any time, more than half of those reported correspond to a CERES satellite retrieval matched in time (+/-15 minutes) and space. Nearly 1% of the reports, from locations at higher latitudes, can be compared to both Terra and Aqua to shed light on view angle effects. More than 3% of observations are for Terra night-time overpasses. About 10% of reports are for locations with snow on the ground - an ongoing challenge for cloud detection from space. S'COOL draws very loyal and unique participants: a school in Pennsylvania alone has reported more than 11,000 observations (including more than 2,500 night-time reports for Terra). In Central and South America, 3 schools in Colombia and one in Nicaragua have each reported more than 2,500 observations. The addition of the S'COOL Rover program, added in 2007 to simplify participation for citizen scientists, enabled reports from the Around the Americas sailing ship that circumnavigated North and South America in 2009-10, Roz Savage, a UK woman who has rowed solo across all the world's oceans, and a few observations from the MAGIC campaign of instrumented cargo ships transiting from Long Beach to Hawaii. A middle

MODIS/Terra Gross Primary Productivity 8-Day L4 Global 1km SIN Grid V055

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The Terra/MODIS Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) product (MOD17A2) is a cumulative composite of GPP values based on the radiation-use efficiency concept that is...

TIPIFICAÇÃO SOCIAL E TRANSITORIEDADE TERRITORIAL NA LUTA PELA TERRA: O CASO DOS CAMPONESES/PESCADORES DE TAMBAUZINHO, MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA RITA – PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco Antonio Mitidiero Junior

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Partindo da idéia de que a lógica dos conflitos agrários entre grandes proprietários de terra versus camponeses (pequenos proprietários, parceiros, arrendatários, posseiros, sem terra, etc. no Brasil segue a regra da expulsão e expropriação desses últimos sujeitos sociais, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo narrar a trajetória de um grupo de camponeses/pescadores paraibanos que ao resistirem a expulsão permeiam uma variedade de tipificações sociais da comunidade em luta e exemplificam uma perversa instabilidade territorial que envolve a luta pela terra.

Mycobacterium arupense, Mycobacterium heraklionense, and a Newly Proposed Species, “Mycobacterium virginiense” sp. nov., but Not Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum, as Species of the Mycobacterium terrae Complex Causing Tenosynovitis and Osteomyelitis

Science.gov (United States)

Vasireddy, Sruthi; Brown-Elliott, Barbara A.; Wengenack, Nancy L.; Eke, Uzoamaka A.; Benwill, Jeana L.; Turenne, Christine; Wallace, Richard J.

2016-01-01

Mycobacterium terrae complex has been recognized as a cause of tenosynovitis, with M. terrae and Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum reported as the primary etiologic pathogens. The molecular taxonomy of the M. terrae complex causing tenosynovitis has not been established despite approximately 50 previously reported cases. We evaluated 26 isolates of the M. terrae complex associated with tenosynovitis or osteomyelitis recovered between 1984 and 2014 from 13 states, including 5 isolates reported in 1991 as M. nonchromogenicum by nonmolecular methods. The isolates belonged to three validated species, one new proposed species, and two novel related strains. The majority of isolates (20/26, or 77%) belonged to two recently described species: Mycobacterium arupense (10 isolates, or 38%) and Mycobacterium heraklionense (10 isolates, or 38%). Three isolates (12%) had 100% sequence identity to each other by 16S rRNA and 99.3 to 100% identity by rpoB gene region V sequencing and represent a previously undescribed species within the M. terrae complex. There were no isolates of M. terrae or M. nonchromogenicum, including among the five isolates reported in 1991. The 26 isolates were susceptible to clarithromycin (100%), rifabutin (100%), ethambutol (92%), and sulfamethoxazole or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (70%). The current study suggests that M. arupense, M. heraklionense, and a newly proposed species (“M. virginiense” sp. nov.; proposed type strain MO-233 [DSM 100883, CIP 110918]) within the M. terrae complex are the major causes of tenosynovitis and osteomyelitis in the United States, with little change over 20 years. Species identification within this complex requires sequencing methods. PMID:26962085

TerraKids: An Interactive Web Site where Kids Learn about Saving the Environment

Science.gov (United States)

Twyman, Janet S.

2010-01-01

Whatever adults might accomplish on the green behavior change front, any sustained success in combating climate change will require the help of the world's more than 2.2 billion children. In "TerraKids," Janet Twyman describes a possible Web site where kids learn about their family's carbon footprint and what they can do to help reduce it.…

Peritonitis esclerosante encapsulante asociada a la diálisis peritoneal: Una revisión y una iniciativa unitaria europea para abordar el cuidado de una enfermedad rara

OpenAIRE

De Sousa, Erika; del Peso-Gilsanz, Gloria; Bajo-Rubio, M. Auxiliadora; Ossorio-González, Marta; Selgas-Gutiérrez, Rafael

2012-01-01

La peritonitis esclerosante encapsulante (EPS) representa una complicación rara de la diálisis peritoneal (DP) con una alta mortalidad. Se caracteriza por la fibrosis difusa de la membrana peritoneal que progresa a encapsulamiento y se manifiesta con signos y síntomas de obstrucción intestinal. Su incidencia varía desde el 0,7 al 3,3 %. El factor de riesgo más importante en su desarrollo es el tiempo de exposición a las soluciones de DP, aunque posiblemente la edad joven y los episodios de pe...

Terra Sirenum

Science.gov (United States)

2002-01-01

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] This image is from a region called Terra Sirenum in Mars' southern hemisphere. This region was named in 1958 for the Sea of the Sirens from Greek Mythology. This is not a sea, however, but a relatively dusty, high albedo region of Mars. There are numerous dust devil tracks that are apparent in the center- left of the image. The dust devils act like vacuum cleaners and lift dust off of the surface leaving a less dusty and relatively lower albedo surface behind. Dust devils are very common on Mars and are thought to be the primary mechanism for constantly lifting the dust into the atmosphere. Dust is constantly present in the Martian atmosphere in greater abundances than typically seen on Earth. The Martian dust is one of the main factors that affect the present Martian climate and clearly displays the relationship between Mars' geology and atmosphere.Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of

Chemotaxis and adherence to fungal surfaces are key components of the behavioral response of Burkholderia terrae BS001 to two selected soil fungi.

Science.gov (United States)

Haq, Irshad Ul; Calixto, Renata Oliveira da Rocha; Yang, Pu; Dos Santos, Giulia Maria Pires; Barreto-Bergter, Eliana; van Elsas, Jan Dirk

2016-11-01

Burkholderia terrae BS001 has previously been proposed to be a 'generalist' associate of soil fungi, but its strategies of interaction have been largely ignored. Here, we studied the chemotactic behavior of B. terrae BS001 towards Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten and Trichoderma asperellum 302 and the role of fungal surface molecules in their physical interaction with the bacteria. To assess the involvement of the type 3 secretion system (T3SS), wild-type strain BS001 and T3SS mutant strain BS001-ΔsctD were used in the experiments. First, the two fungi showed divergent behavior when confronted with B. terrae BS001 on soil extract agar medium. Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten revealed slow growth towards the bacterium, whereas T. asperellum 302 grew avidly over it. Both on soil extract and M9 agar, B. terrae BS001 and BS001-ΔsctD moved chemotactically towards the hyphae of both fungi, with a stronger response to Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten than to T. asperellum 302. The presence of a progressively increasing glycerol level in the M9 agar enhanced the level of movement. Different oxalic acid concentrations exerted varied effects, with a significantly raised chemotactic response at lower, and a subdued response at higher concentrations. Testing of the adherence of B. terrae BS001 and BS001-ΔsctD to Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten and to cell envelope-extracted ceramide monohexosides (CMHs) revealed that CMHs in both conidia and hyphae could bind strain BS001 cells. As BS001-ΔsctD adhered significantly less to the CMHs than BS001, the T3SS was presumed to have a role in the interaction. In contrast, such avid adherence was not detected with T. asperellum 302. Thus, B. terrae BS001 shows a behavior characterized by swimming towards Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten and T. asperellum 302 and attachment to the CMH moiety in the cell envelope, in particular of the former. © FEMS 2016. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Feocromocitoma: uma causa rara de hipertensão arterial na infância Pheochromocytoma: a rare cause of hypertension in childhood

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flávia Carolina D. Georgetti

2007-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Relatar o caso de um adolescente com feocromocitoma, uma causa rara de hipertensão arterial na infância. DESCRIÇÃO: Adolescente internado em unidade de terapia intensiva infantil em decorrência de emergência hipertensiva, conseqüente à presença de feocromocitoma em adrenal esquerda, diagnosticado por meio de tomografia computadorizada do abdome e pela dosagem de adrenalina e noradrenalina urinárias. O paciente foi submetido à adrenalectomia esquerda, após o uso de alfa-bloqueador para controle do quadro hipertensivo. O anatomopatológico confirmou o diagnóstico do tumor. No pós-operatório, o paciente permaneceu estável, possibilitando a suspensão dos anti-hipertensivos. COMENTÁRIOS: Os feocromocitomas são tumores capazes de produzir catecolaminas, especialmente adrenalina e/ou noradrenalina. Cerca de 85 a 95% dos tumores são únicos, benignos e encontrados na medula adrenal. O feocromocitoma é um tumor de incidência rara e apenas 10 a 20% ocorrem na infância, representando uma causa rara de hipertensão arterial. Esta última é um sinal freqüente na maioria das crianças (80%, podendo ser acompanhada por cefaléia e sudorese. A encefalopatia hipertensiva consiste em uma forma de apresentação excepcional da doença. O diagnóstico pode ser realizado, na maioria dos casos, pela tomografia de abdome e pela dosagem das catecolaminas e seus metabólitos produzidos pelo tumor. O tratamento de escolha consiste na ressecção completa do tumor após o preparo farmacológico do paciente com o uso de alfa-bloqueador. No pós-operatório, a maioria dos pacientes evolui com controle do quadro de hipertensão arterial.OBJECTIVE: Report an adolescent with pheochromocytoma, a rare cause of hypertension in childhood. CASE DESCRIPTION: Adolescent admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit due to hypertension, secondary to the presence of pheochromocytoma on the left adrenal. Diagnosis of the pheochromocytoma was made by

CERES ERBE-like Monthly Geographical Averages (ES-4) in HDF (CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition2)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ERBE-like Monthly Geographical Averages (ES-4) product contains a month of space and time averaged Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The ES-4 is also produced for combinations of scanner instruments. For each observed 2.5-degree spatial region, the daily average, the hourly average over the month, and the overall monthly average of shortwave and longwave fluxes at the Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) from the CERES ES-9 product are spatially nested up from 2.5-degree regions to 5- and 10-degree regions, to 2.5-, 5-, and 10-degree zonal averages, and to global monthly averages. For each nested area, the albedo and net flux are given. For each region, the daily average flux is estimated from an algorithm that uses the available hourly data, scene identification data, and diurnal models. This algorithm is 'like' the algorithm used for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). The following CERES ES4 data sets are currently available: CER_ES4_FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES4_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES4_FM1+FM2+FM3+FM4_Edition1 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES4_FM1+FM3_Edition2 CER_ES4_FM1+FM4_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop_Date=2005-12-31] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Latitude_Resolution=2.5 degree; Longitude_Resolution=2.5 degree; Horizontal

CERES ERBE-like Monthly Geographical Averages (ES-4) in HDF (CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition1)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ERBE-like Monthly Geographical Averages (ES-4) product contains a month of space and time averaged Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The ES-4 is also produced for combinations of scanner instruments. For each observed 2.5-degree spatial region, the daily average, the hourly average over the month, and the overall monthly average of shortwave and longwave fluxes at the Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) from the CERES ES-9 product are spatially nested up from 2.5-degree regions to 5- and 10-degree regions, to 2.5-, 5-, and 10-degree zonal averages, and to global monthly averages. For each nested area, the albedo and net flux are given. For each region, the daily average flux is estimated from an algorithm that uses the available hourly data, scene identification data, and diurnal models. This algorithm is 'like' the algorithm used for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). The following CERES ES4 data sets are currently available: CER_ES4_FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES4_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES4_FM1+FM2+FM3+FM4_Edition1 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES4_FM1+FM3_Edition2 CER_ES4_FM1+FM4_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop_Date=2005-10-31] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Latitude_Resolution=2.5 degree; Longitude_Resolution=2.5 degree; Horizontal

CERES ERBE-like Monthly Geographical Averages (ES-4) in HDF (CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ERBE-like Monthly Geographical Averages (ES-4) product contains a month of space and time averaged Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The ES-4 is also produced for combinations of scanner instruments. For each observed 2.5-degree spatial region, the daily average, the hourly average over the month, and the overall monthly average of shortwave and longwave fluxes at the Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) from the CERES ES-9 product are spatially nested up from 2.5-degree regions to 5- and 10-degree regions, to 2.5-, 5-, and 10-degree zonal averages, and to global monthly averages. For each nested area, the albedo and net flux are given. For each region, the daily average flux is estimated from an algorithm that uses the available hourly data, scene identification data, and diurnal models. This algorithm is 'like' the algorithm used for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). The following CERES ES4 data sets are currently available: CER_ES4_FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES4_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES4_FM1+FM2+FM3+FM4_Edition1 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES4_FM1+FM3_Edition2 CER_ES4_FM1+FM4_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop_Date=2005-10-31] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Latitude_Resolution=2.5 degree; Longitude_Resolution=2.5 degree; Horizontal

O fato e a notícia. A mídia impressa e o movimento dos trabalhadores rurais sem-terra (MST.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sônia Maria Ribeiro de Souza

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Este texto expressa os primeiros passos rumo às investigações sobre as manifestações ideológicas e os juízos de valor veiculados pelos meios de comunicação em Presidente Prudente especificamente os jornais O Imparcial e o Oeste Notícias, tendo como referência a luta pela terra no Pontal do Paranapanema e o contexto de organização social do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem-Terra (MST.

CERES Single Scanner Satellite Footprint, TOA, Surface Fluxes and Clouds (SSF) data in HDF (CER_SSF_Terra-FM2-MODIS_Edition2A)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The Single Scanner Footprint TOA/Surface Fluxes and Clouds (SSF) product contains one hour of instantaneous Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The SSF combines instantaneous CERES data with scene information from a higher-resolution imager such as Visible/Infrared Scanner (VIRS) on TRMM or Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra and Aqua. Scene identification and cloud properties are defined at the higher imager resolution and these data are averaged over the larger CERES footprint. For each CERES footprint, the SSF contains the number of cloud layers and for each layer the cloud amount, height, temperature, pressure, optical depth, emissivity, ice and liquid water path, and water particle size. The SSF also contains the CERES filtered radiances for the total, shortwave (SW), and window (WN) channels and the unfiltered SW, longwave (LW), and WN radiances. The SW, LW, and WN radiances at spacecraft altitude are converted to Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) fluxes based on the imager defined scene. These TOA fluxes are used to estimate surface fluxes. Only footprints with adequate imager coverage are included on CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Subset_Edition1the SSF which is much less than the full set of footprints on the CERES ES-8 product. The following CERES SSF data sets are currently available: CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition1 CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Subset_Edition1 CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2A CER_SSF_TRMM-SIM-VIRS_Edition2_VIRSonly CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2A-TransOps CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2B-TransOps CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2B CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition1A CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition1A CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition2A CER_SSF_Terra-FM2-MODIS_Edition2A CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition2B CER_SSF_Terra-FM2-MODIS_Edition2B CER_SSF_Aqua-FM4-MODIS_Beta1 CER_SSF_Aqua-FM3-MODIS_Beta2 CER_SSF_Aqua-FM4-MODIS_Beta2. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop

CERES Single Scanner Satellite Footprint, TOA, Surface Fluxes and Clouds (SSF) data in HDF (CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition2A)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The Single Scanner Footprint TOA/Surface Fluxes and Clouds (SSF) product contains one hour of instantaneous Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The SSF combines instantaneous CERES data with scene information from a higher-resolution imager such as Visible/Infrared Scanner (VIRS) on TRMM or Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra and Aqua. Scene identification and cloud properties are defined at the higher imager resolution and these data are averaged over the larger CERES footprint. For each CERES footprint, the SSF contains the number of cloud layers and for each layer the cloud amount, height, temperature, pressure, optical depth, emissivity, ice and liquid water path, and water particle size. The SSF also contains the CERES filtered radiances for the total, shortwave (SW), and window (WN) channels and the unfiltered SW, longwave (LW), and WN radiances. The SW, LW, and WN radiances at spacecraft altitude are converted to Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) fluxes based on the imager defined scene. These TOA fluxes are used to estimate surface fluxes. Only footprints with adequate imager coverage are included on CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Subset_Edition1the SSF which is much less than the full set of footprints on the CERES ES-8 product. The following CERES SSF data sets are currently available: CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition1 CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Subset_Edition1 CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2A CER_SSF_TRMM-SIM-VIRS_Edition2_VIRSonly CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2A-TransOps CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2B-TransOps CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2B CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition1A CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition1A CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition2A CER_SSF_Terra-FM2-MODIS_Edition2A CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition2B CER_SSF_Terra-FM2-MODIS_Edition2B CER_SSF_Aqua-FM4-MODIS_Beta1 CER_SSF_Aqua-FM3-MODIS_Beta2 CER_SSF_Aqua-FM4-MODIS_Beta2. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop

CERES Single Scanner Satellite Footprint, TOA, Surface Fluxes and Clouds (SSF) data in HDF (CER_SSF_Terra-FM2-MODIS_Edition2B)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The Single Scanner Footprint TOA/Surface Fluxes and Clouds (SSF) product contains one hour of instantaneous Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The SSF combines instantaneous CERES data with scene information from a higher-resolution imager such as Visible/Infrared Scanner (VIRS) on TRMM or Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra and Aqua. Scene identification and cloud properties are defined at the higher imager resolution and these data are averaged over the larger CERES footprint. For each CERES footprint, the SSF contains the number of cloud layers and for each layer the cloud amount, height, temperature, pressure, optical depth, emissivity, ice and liquid water path, and water particle size. The SSF also contains the CERES filtered radiances for the total, shortwave (SW), and window (WN) channels and the unfiltered SW, longwave (LW), and WN radiances. The SW, LW, and WN radiances at spacecraft altitude are converted to Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) fluxes based on the imager defined scene. These TOA fluxes are used to estimate surface fluxes. Only footprints with adequate imager coverage are included on CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Subset_Edition1the SSF which is much less than the full set of footprints on the CERES ES-8 product. The following CERES SSF data sets are currently available: CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition1 CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Subset_Edition1 CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2A CER_SSF_TRMM-SIM-VIRS_Edition2_VIRSonly CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2A-TransOps CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2B-TransOps CER_SSF_TRMM-PFM-VIRS_Edition2B CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition1A CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition1A CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition2A CER_SSF_Terra-FM2-MODIS_Edition2A CER_SSF_Terra-FM1-MODIS_Edition2B CER_SSF_Terra-FM2-MODIS_Edition2B CER_SSF_Aqua-FM4-MODIS_Beta1 CER_SSF_Aqua-FM3-MODIS_Beta2 CER_SSF_Aqua-FM4-MODIS_Beta2. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop

BRDF Characterization and Calibration Inter-Comparison between Terra MODIS, Aqua MODIS, and S-NPP VIIRS

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Tiejun; Xiong, Xiaoxiong (Jack); Angal, Amit; Wu, Aisheng

2016-01-01

The inter-comparison of reflective solar bands (RSB) between Terra MODIS, Aqua MODIS, and SNPP VIIRS is very important for assessment of each instrument's calibration and to identify calibration improvements. One of the limitations of using their ground observations for the assessment is a lack of the simultaneous nadir overpasses (SNOs) over selected pseudo-invariant targets. In addition, their measurements over a selected Earth view target have significant difference in solar and view angles, and these differences magnify the effects of Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF). In this work, an inter-comparison technique using a semi-empirical BRDF model is developed for reflectance correction. BRDF characterization requires a broad coverage of solar and view angles in the measurements over selected pseudo-invariant targets. Reflectance measurements over Libya 1, 2, and 4 desert sites from both the Aqua and Terra MODIS are regressed to a BRDF model with an adjustable coefficient accounting for the calibration difference between the two instruments. The BRDF coefficients for three desert sites for MODIS bands 1 to 9 are derived and the wavelength dependencies are presented. The analysis and inter-comparison are for MODIS bands 1 to 9 and VIIRS moderate resolution radiometric bands (M bands) M1, M2, M4, M5, M7, M8, M10 and imaging bands (I bands) I1-I3. Results show that the ratios from different sites are in good agreement. The ratios between Terra and Aqua MODIS from year 2003 to 2014 are presented. The inter-comparison between MODIS and VIIRS are analyzed for year 2014.

Conversation with Lara about the Earth and Land. (Spanish Title: Conversando con Lara sobre la Tierra y la Teirra.) Conversando com Lara sobre a Terra e a Terra

Science.gov (United States)

da Conceição Barbosa-Lima, Maria

2010-12-01

en que vive es el planeta Tierra y que, probablemente por ese motivo, distingue con precisión, dentro de los limites de comprensión de la edad y madurez asociada, la tierra y la Tierra. O presente artigo analisa uma entrevista livre enquanto uma menina de quatro anos e quatro meses, matriculada na educação infantil, desenhava a Terra. A entrevista se realizou fora do ambiente escolar e sem qualquer outra pessoa por perto que pudesse interferir. De acordo com Ferreira & Silva (2004), para que o pesquisador conheça realmente o que uma criança põe no papel através de grafismos e/ou desenhos, é necessário ouvi-la durante o processo de criação do desenho. A menina apresenta, em relação à Terra, o tradicional desenho plano com o 'céu' paralelo ao solo, conforme já apresentaram Nardi & Carvalho (1996). Mas quando solicitada a desenhar o Mundo - palavra empregada em um trabalho por Butterworth et al. (2002), com intenção de não provocar 'confusões' desnecessárias para seus pesquisados - o representa de forma circular, colocando-se sobre sua superfície. Seus desenhos levaram à conclusão que esta criança ainda não tem conhecimento de que o Mundo em que vive é o Planeta Terra e que, provavelmente por este motivo, diferencia com precisão, dentro dos limites impostos por sua idade e consequente maturidade, a terra e a Terra.

MODIS/Terra Aerosol Cloud Water Vapor Ozone Monthly L3 Global 1Deg CMG V5.1

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS was launched aboard the Terra satellite on December 18, 1999 (10:30 am equator crossing time) as part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) mission. MODIS...

MODIS/Terra Aerosol Cloud Water Vapor Ozone Daily L3 Global 1Deg CMG V5.1

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS was launched aboard the Terra satellite on December 18, 1999 (10:30 am equator crossing time) as part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) mission. MODIS...

TERRA mimicking ssRNAs prevail over the DNA substrate for telomerase in vitro due to interactions with the alternative binding site.

Science.gov (United States)

Azhibek, Dulat; Skvortsov, Dmitry; Andreeva, Anna; Zatsepin, Timofei; Arutyunyan, Alexandr; Zvereva, Maria; Dontsova, Olga

2016-06-01

Telomerase is a key component of the telomere length maintenance system in the majority of eukaryotes. Telomerase displays maximal activity in stem and cancer cells with high proliferative potential. In humans, telomerase activity is regulated by various mechanisms, including the interaction with telomere ssDNA overhangs that contain a repetitive G-rich sequence, and with noncoding RNA, Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA), that contains the same sequence. So these nucleic acids can compete for telomerase RNA templates in the cell. In this study, we have investigated the ability of different model substrates mimicking telomere DNA overhangs and TERRA RNA to compete for telomerase in vitro through a previously developed telomerase inhibitor assay. We have shown in this study that RNA oligonucleotides are better competitors for telomerase that DNA ones as RNA also use an alternative binding site on telomerase, and the presence of 2'-OH groups is significant in these interactions. In contrast to DNA, the possibility of forming intramolecular G-quadruplex structures has a minor effect for RNA binding to telomerase. Taking together our data, we propose that TERRA RNA binds better to telomerase compared with its native substrate - the 3'-end of telomere DNA overhang. As a result, some specific factor may exist that participates in switching telomerase from TERRA to the 3'-end of DNA for telomere elongation at the distinct period of a cell cycle in vivo. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Dinâmicas no uso e cobertura da terra: perspectivas e desafios da Demografia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julia Corrêa Côrtes

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Pensando de forma integrada a relação população-ambiente, o artigo aborda os estudos sobre dinâmica populacional e mudança no uso e cobertura da terra, com foco na contribuição e nos desafios da Demografia. Aproximando-se do tema em meados dos anos 1990, a Demografia teve como principal contribuição destacar a importância dos componentes populacionais nos modelos, antes, colocados como secundários e sob uma perspectiva simples. Demógrafos brasileiros dedicados a questões ambientais, embora tivessem prioritariamente a temática urbana no seu escopo, colaboraram de maneira indireta para a desenvoltura do campo, ao proporem uma releitura sobre relações população-ambiente. O artigo parte do caso da Amazônia brasileira, mostrando como a população foi explorada nas teorias sobre mudanças nos usos e coberturas da terra, passando pelo viés do crescimento populacional durante o período de fronteira agrícola, o modelo de ciclo de vida do domicílio (fecundidade e composição do domicílio na década de 1990 e, mais recentemente, o enfoque no componente migratório. Para a Demografia, aponta-se como essencial o aprofundamento nos elementos demográficos que não o volume e a inclusão do espaço e seus efeitos. Para a construção da Ciência da Mudança da Terra, destacam-se a incorporação de dinâmicas urbanas nas investigações, a adoção de uma metodologia multiescalar e o exercício do diálogo entre as diversas disciplinas, incorporando mais sistematicamente a contribuição da Demografia.

A Paradigm for Operant Conditioning in Blow Flies ("Phormia Terrae Novae" Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830)

Science.gov (United States)

Sokolowski, Michel B. C.; Disma, Gerald; Abramson, Charles I.

2010-01-01

An operant conditioning situation for the blow fly ("Protophormia terrae novae") is described. Individual flies are trained to enter and reenter a hole as the operant response. Only a few sessions of contingent reinforcement are required to increase response rates. When the response is no longer followed by food, the rate of entering the hole…

Chemical speciation modelling of the South Terras and Madeira Abyssal Plain natural analogue sites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duffield, J.R.; Xu Langqui; Williams, D.R.

1988-11-01

The chemical speciation of uranium has been modelled using field data from the South Terras and Madeira Abyssal Plain natural analogue sites. In general, validation is good, particularly for the Abyssal Plain model. Problems regarding uranium redox couples have been highlighted as have other areas requiring further consideration for building into the thermodynamic models. (author)

Risco de salinização das terras do baixo Acaraú (CE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lydia Helena da Silva de Oliveira Mota

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Em determinadas condições de relevo, do clima e de uso, com certa frequência pode acontecer acúmulo de sais nos solos, dando lugar à formação dos solos salinos e sódicos - também denominados de solos afetados por sais. A fim de orientar as práticas de manejo e uso das terras da região do Baixo Acaraú, CE, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho gerar um mapa de risco de salinização. Para obtenção das classes de vulnerabilidade, foram avaliados os temas pedologia, geologia, geomorfologia e uso e cobertura das terras e informações de declividade e altimetria, tratados em ambiente SIG com o método multicritério aditivo. Foram definidas quatro classes de risco de salinização: baixo, moderado, alto e altíssimo ou solos naturalmente salinos/sódicos. Foi constatado que 35,47 % da área corresponde à classe de baixo risco de salinização; 26,22 %, à de risco moderado; 8,23 %, à de risco alto; e 19,65 %, à de risco altíssimo.

Distance decay of tree species similarity in protected areas on terra firme forests in Colombian Amazonia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Duque, Á.; Phillips, J.F.; von Hildebrand, P.; Posada, C.A.; Prieto, A.; Rudas, A.; Suescún, M.; Stevenson, P.

2009-01-01

In this study, we investigated the pattern of floristic similarity as a function of geographical distances and environmental variability in well-drained uplands (terra firme) in Colombian Amazonia. The study site comprised three National Natural Parks, Tinigua, Chiribiquete, and Amacayacu, located

Controle da pérola-da-terra, Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Hempel) (Homoptera:Margarodidae), através da insetigação

OpenAIRE

Hickel, Eduardo R.; Peruzzo, Edegar L.; Schuck, Enio

2001-01-01

A pérola-da-terra, Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Hempel) (Homoptera: Margarodidae), é a principal praga da videira no Sul do Brasil. As estratégias normais de controle desta praga não afetam a população do inseto porque os indivíduos estão no subsolo e desenvolvem um corpo globoso resistente a intempéries. Assim sendo, um ensaio foi conduzido em laboratório para verificar a possibilidade de aplicar a insetigação no controle da pérola-da-terra. Tubos de 50 mm de altura de cano PVC (150 mm fi) fo...

Accuracy assessment of Terra-MODIS aerosol optical depth retrievals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Safarpour, Sahabeh; Abdullah, Khiruddin; Lim, Hwee San; Dadras, Mohsen

2014-01-01

Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol products have been widely used to address environment and climate change subjects with daily global coverage. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) is retrieved by different algorithms based on the pixel surface, determining between land and ocean. MODIS-Terra and Global Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) products can be obtained from the Multi-sensor Aerosol Products Sampling System (MAPSS) for coastal regions during 2000-2010. Using data collected from 83 coastal stations worldwide from AERONET from 2000-2010, accuracy assessments are made for coastal aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieved from MODIS aboard the Terra satellite. AOD retrieved from MODIS at 0.55μm wavelength has been compared With the AERONET derived AOD, because it is reliable with the major wavelength used by many chemistry transport and climate models as well as previous MODIS validation studies. After removing retrievals with quality flags below1 for Ocean algorithm and below 3 for Land algorithm, The accuracy of AOD retrieved from MODIS Dark Target Ocean algorithms (correlation coefficient R 2 is 0.844 and a regression equation of τ M = 0.91·τ A + 0.02 (where subscripts M and A represent MODIS and AERONET respectively), is the greater than the MODIS Dark Target Land algorithms (correlation coefficient R 2 is 0.764 and τ M = 0.95·τ A + 0.03) and the Deep Blue algorithm (correlation coefficient R 2 is 0.652 and τ M = 0.81·τ A + 0.04). The reasons of the retrieval error in AOD are found to be the various underlying surface reflectance. Therefore, the aerosol models and underlying surface reflectance are the dominant factors which influence the accuracy of MODIS retrieval performance. Generally the MODIS Land algorithm implements better than the Ocean algorithm for coastal sites

CERES ERBE-like Monthly Geographical Averages (ES-4) in HDF (CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ERBE-like Monthly Geographical Averages (ES-4) product contains a month of space and time averaged Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The ES-4 is also produced for combinations of scanner instruments. For each observed 2.5-degree spatial region, the daily average, the hourly average over the month, and the overall monthly average of shortwave and longwave fluxes at the Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) from the CERES ES-9 product are spatially nested up from 2.5-degree regions to 5- and 10-degree regions, to 2.5-, 5-, and 10-degree zonal averages, and to global monthly averages. For each nested area, the albedo and net flux are given. For each region, the daily average flux is estimated from an algorithm that uses the available hourly data, scene identification data, and diurnal models. This algorithm is 'like' the algorithm used for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). The following CERES ES4 data sets are currently available: CER_ES4_FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1_Edition1 CER_ES4_PFM+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES4_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES4_FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES4_FM1+FM2+FM3+FM4_Edition1 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES4_FM1+FM3_Edition2 CER_ES4_FM1+FM4_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM1_Edition2 CER_ES4_PFM+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES4_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES4_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop_Date=2006-10-31] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost_Longitude=180] [Data_Resolution: Latitude_Resolution=2.5 degree; Longitude_Resolution=2.5 degree; Horizontal

CERES ERBE-like Monthly Regional Averages (ES-9) in HDF (CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition1)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ERBE-like Monthly Regional Averages (ES-9) product contains a month of space and time averaged Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The ES-9 is also produced for combinations of scanner instruments. All instantaneous shortwave and longwave fluxes at the Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) from the CERES ES-8 product for a month are sorted by 2.5-degree spatial regions, by day number, and by the local hour of observation. The mean of the instantaneous fluxes for a given region-day-hour bin is determined and recorded on the ES-9 along with other flux statistics and scene information. For each region, the daily average flux is estimated from an algorithm that uses the available hourly data, scene identification data, and diurnal models. This algorithm is 'like' the algorithm used for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). The ES-9 also contains hourly average fluxes for the month and an overall monthly average for each region. These average fluxes are given for both clear-sky and total-sky scenes. The following CERES ES9 data sets are currently available: CER_ES9_FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1_Edition2 CER_ES9_PFM+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES9_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES9_FM1+FM2+FM3+FM4_Edition1 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES9_FM1+FM3_Edition2 CER_ES9_FM1+FM4_Edition2 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES9_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop_Date=2005-10-31] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost

CERES ERBE-like Monthly Regional Averages (ES-9) in HDF (CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition1)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ERBE-like Monthly Regional Averages (ES-9) product contains a month of space and time averaged Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The ES-9 is also produced for combinations of scanner instruments. All instantaneous shortwave and longwave fluxes at the Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) from the CERES ES-8 product for a month are sorted by 2.5-degree spatial regions, by day number, and by the local hour of observation. The mean of the instantaneous fluxes for a given region-day-hour bin is determined and recorded on the ES-9 along with other flux statistics and scene information. For each region, the daily average flux is estimated from an algorithm that uses the available hourly data, scene identification data, and diurnal models. This algorithm is 'like' the algorithm used for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). The ES-9 also contains hourly average fluxes for the month and an overall monthly average for each region. These average fluxes are given for both clear-sky and total-sky scenes. The following CERES ES9 data sets are currently available: CER_ES9_FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1_Edition2 CER_ES9_PFM+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES9_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES9_FM1+FM2+FM3+FM4_Edition1 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES9_FM1+FM3_Edition2 CER_ES9_FM1+FM4_Edition2 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES9_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop_Date=2005-10-31] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost

Dalila e la sua voglia di godersi l’intervallo: vita e pensieri di una giovane con malattia rara

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Orazio Vecchio

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Dalila è una bella ragazza originaria della provincia di Catania, da tempo trasferitasi nel capoluogo etneo. Laureata, ha un lavoro, un marito e spera di avere presto anche un bambino. Scherza e sorride con generosità, ma sa essere seria e diligente quando si richiede. A vederla, impeccabile in ufficio o rilassata il sabato sera, nessuno sospetterebbe che possa avere una malattia rara e degenerativa. Eppure, tra le preoccupazioni di ogni giorno e le speranze per il futuro, Dalila affronta un’importante patologia autoimmune. Per tanto tempo ha taciuto, quasi nascosto o rimosso, la sua sofferenza; oggi ne parla con le persone più vicine e ha accettato di aprirsi in questo dialogo, in cui racconta l’impatto con la diagnosi e le prime cure, il rapporto con i genitori e quello con il marito, le relazioni con gli amici e i problemi sul lavoro, le lunghe ore in ospedale e i pensieri sulla morte, la voglia di vivere al meglio e la fede in Dio. Dimensioni e aspetti riscoperti o valorizzati grazie alla malattia.

Análisis bibliométrico de la influencia de la Genética en enfermedades raras, a partir de las bases de datos Pubmed y SCI (2000-2009

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Serrano-López, Antonio Eleazar

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This work focuses on the bibliometric analysis of journal articles published about two rare diseases that produce mental and behavioural disorders: Rett Syndrome and CADASIL, during the period 2000-2009. Furthermore, although Rett mainly affects females and the causes of both diseases are very different, they have in common that both are genetic disorders. To carry out the analysis we used two databases, Medline and SCI --each with its advantages and biases but complementary to each other-- together with a multidimensional analysis methodology in order to determine the relationship between output about these rare diseases and the advances in the field of Genetics. The results show a clear difference in research patterns for the two diseases, but a convergence on a common factor, genetic influence, although this is more pronounced in the Rett syndrome. Finally it concludes that the great milestones in the field of genetics, both specific (mutations in genes that cause disease and general (the human genome sequencing, significantly affect the scientific activity surrounding these rare diseases.Este trabajo se centra en el análisis bibliométrico de los artículos de revista publicados sobre dos enfermedades raras que generan trastornos mentales y del comportamiento: CADASIL y Síndrome de Rett, durante el periodo 2000- 2009. Además, aunque el Rett afecta fundamentalmente al género femenino y las causas de ambas enfermedades son muy diferentes, tienen en común que en ambos casos se trata de trastornos con un origen genético. Para llevar a cabo el análisis se utilizaron dos bases de datos, Medline y SCI y una metodología de análisis multidimensional que permitiera determinar la relación existente entre la producción en estas enfermedades raras y los avances en el campo de la Genética. Los resultados encontrados muestran una clara diferenciación en los patrones de investigación en ambas enfermedades, aunque confluyen en un factor com

Dieta de Micoureus demerarae (Thomas (Mammalia, Didelphidae associada às florestas contíguas de mangue e terra firme em Bragança, Pará, Brasil Diet of Micoreus demerarae (Thomas (Mammalia, Didelphidae associated with contiguous forests of mangrove and terra firme in Bragança, Pará, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcus E. B. Fernandes

2006-12-01

Full Text Available A dieta de Micoureus demerarae (Thomas, 1905 foi estudada em bosques de mangue e terra firme através de amostras estomacais e fecais. O número de indivíduos capturados foi inversamente proporcional à disponibilidade de frutos e insetos, sendo Coleoptera e Hemiptera as ordens de artrópodes mais consumidos e Passifloraceae e Arecaceae os frutos mais ingeridos. Desse modo, tanto a maior variabilidade de frutos como a alta produção destes durante a estação seca, parecem explicar o aumento da captura desses animais nos bosques de terra firme, dos quais são originalmente provenientes. Os itens alimentares sugerem que esta espécie possui uma dieta do tipo onívora, independentemente da sazonalidade ou distribuição dos recursos disponíveis.The diet of Micoureus demerarae (Thomas, 1905 was studied in mangrove and terra firme stands by using stomachal and faecal samples. The number of captured individuals was inversely proportional to availability of fruits and insects, being Coleoptera and Hemiptera the most consumed arthropod orders and Passifloraceae and Arecaceae the most ingested fruits. Thus, either fruits variability or their high yield during the dry season seem to explain the increase of captured animals in the terra firme stands, where they originally come from. The food items suggest that this species has an omnivorous diet, independently of the seasonality or distribution of available resources.

Terra and Aqua MODIS Design, Radiometry, and Geometry in Support of Land Remote Sensing

Science.gov (United States)

Xiong, Xiaoxiong; Wolfe, Robert; Barnes, William; Guenther, Bruce; Vermote, Eric; Saleous, Nazmi; Salomonson, Vincent

2011-01-01

The NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) mission includes the construction and launch of two nearly identical Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments. The MODIS proto-flight model (PFM) is onboard the EOS Terra satellite (formerly EOS AM-1) launched on December 18, 1999 and hereafter referred to as Terra MODIS. Flight model-1 (FM1) is onboard the EOS Aqua satellite (formerly EOS PM-1) launched on May 04, 2002 and referred to as Aqua MODIS. MODIS was developed based on the science community s desire to collect multiyear continuous datasets for monitoring changes in the Earth s land, oceans and atmosphere, and the human contributions to these changes. It was designed to measure discrete spectral bands, which includes many used by a number of heritage sensors, and thus extends the heritage datasets to better understand both long- and short-term changes in the global environment (Barnes and Salomonson 1993; Salomonson et al. 2002; Barnes et al. 2002). The MODIS development, launch, and operation were managed by NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, Maryland. The sensors were designed, built, and tested by Raytheon/ Santa Barbara Remote Sensing (SBRS), Goleta, California. Each MODIS instrument offers 36 spectral bands, which span the spectral region from the visible (0.41 m) to long-wave infrared (14.4 m). MODIS collects data at three different nadir spatial resolutions: 0.25, 0.5, and 1 km. Key design specifications, such as spectral bandwidths, typical scene radiances, required signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) or noise equivalent temperature differences (NEDT), and primary applications of each MODIS spectral band are summarized in Table 7.1. These parameters were the basis for the MODIS design. More details on the evolution of the NASA EOS and development of the MODIS instruments are provided in Chap. 1. This chapter focuses on the MODIS sensor design, radiometry, and geometry as they apply to land remote sensing. With near

La comunicación en la red de pacientes con enfermedades raras en España 

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A Castillo Esparcia

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Este estudio se centra en la estrategia de comunicación de las organizaciones de pacientes con enfermedades raras en internet. Objetivo: Analizar la utilización de las herramientas de comunicación en internet. Métodos: Se examinaron 143 organizaciones de pacientes nacionales. Se ha realizado un análisis de contenido de cada una de las webs de las organizaciones, redes sociales y blogs. Y se han llevado a cabo encuestas telefónicas a 90 organizaciones con las que se contactó, el 63% del total. Resultados: El 84% de las web está gestionada por miembros de las organizaciones sin formación específica y el 16% por profesionales. Se dirigen en la misma proporción a pacientes y allegados que al resto de la población, pero no utilizan herramientas que les permitan una comunicación más fluida. Discusión y Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran la necesidad de contar con personal especializado y con espacios habilitados en la red para comunicarse con el resto de la población.

Challenges of linking scientific knowledge to river basin management policy: AquaTerra as a case study

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Slob, A.; Rijnveld, M.

2007-01-01

The EU Project AquaTerra generates knowledge about the river-soil-sediment-groundwater system and delivers scientific information of value for river basin management. In this article, the use and ignorance of scientific knowledge in decision making is explored by a theoretical review. We elaborate

Terra Cucersita = Терра Кукерсита / Annely Oone

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Oone, Annely

2012-01-01

Projektist "Ümber TERRA CUCERSITA (Põlevkivimaa)", mille eesmärk on noorte seas huvi äratamine loodus- ja täppisteaduste ja tehnoloogia ning teadus- ja arendustegevuse vastu nende kompleksse populariseerimisprogrammi kaudu

MODIS/Terra Aerosol Cloud Water Vapor Ozone 8-Day L3 Global 1Deg CMG V5.1

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS was launched aboard the Terra satellite on December 18, 1999 (10:30 am equator crossing time) as part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) mission. MODIS...

The TERRA project, a space nuclear micro-reactor case study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guimaraes, Lamartine N.F.; Nascimento, Jamil A.; Borges, Eduardo M.; Lobo, Paulo D. Castro; Placco, Guilherme M.; Barrios Junior, Ary G.

2011-01-01

The TEcnologia de Reatores Rapidos Avancados project, also known as TERRA Project is been conducted by the Institute for Advanced Studies IEAv. The TERRA project has a general objective of understanding and developing the key technologies that will allow (Brazil) the use of nuclear technology to generate electricity in space. This electricity may power several space systems and/or a type of plasma based engine. Also, the type of reactor intended for space may be used for power generation in very inhospitable environment such as the ocean floor. Some of the mentioned technologies may include: Brayton cycles, Stirling engines, heat pipes and its coupled systems, nuclear fuel technology, new materials and several others. Once there is no mission into which apply this technology, at this moment, this research may be conducted in many forms and ways. The fact remains that when this technology becomes needed there will be no way that we (Brazilians) will be able to buy it from. This technology, in this sense, is highly strategic and will be the key to commercially explore deep space. Therefore, there is the need to face the development problems and solve them, to gain experience with our own rights and wrongs. This paper will give a brief overview of what has been done so far, on experimental facilities and hardware that could support space system development, including a Brayton cycle test facility, Tesla turbine testing, and Stirling engine development and modeling. Our great problem today is lack of human resources. To attend that problem we are starting a new graduate program that will allow overcoming that, given the proper time frame. (author)

The TERRA project, a space nuclear micro-reactor case study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guimaraes, Lamartine N.F.; Nascimento, Jamil A.; Borges, Eduardo M.; Lobo, Paulo D. Castro, E-mail: guimarae@ieav.cta.br, E-mail: jamil@ieav.cta.br, E-mail: eduardo@ieav.cta.br [Divisao de Energia Nuclear. Instituto de Estudos Avancados, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP (Brazil); Placco, Guilherme M.; Barrios Junior, Ary G. [Faculdade de Tecnologia Sao Francisco (FATESF), Jacarei, SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

The TEcnologia de Reatores Rapidos Avancados project, also known as TERRA Project is been conducted by the Institute for Advanced Studies IEAv. The TERRA project has a general objective of understanding and developing the key technologies that will allow (Brazil) the use of nuclear technology to generate electricity in space. This electricity may power several space systems and/or a type of plasma based engine. Also, the type of reactor intended for space may be used for power generation in very inhospitable environment such as the ocean floor. Some of the mentioned technologies may include: Brayton cycles, Stirling engines, heat pipes and its coupled systems, nuclear fuel technology, new materials and several others. Once there is no mission into which apply this technology, at this moment, this research may be conducted in many forms and ways. The fact remains that when this technology becomes needed there will be no way that we (Brazilians) will be able to buy it from. This technology, in this sense, is highly strategic and will be the key to commercially explore deep space. Therefore, there is the need to face the development problems and solve them, to gain experience with our own rights and wrongs. This paper will give a brief overview of what has been done so far, on experimental facilities and hardware that could support space system development, including a Brayton cycle test facility, Tesla turbine testing, and Stirling engine development and modeling. Our great problem today is lack of human resources. To attend that problem we are starting a new graduate program that will allow overcoming that, given the proper time frame. (author)

Challenges of linking scientific knowledge to river basin management policy: AquaTerra as a case study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slob, A.F.L.; Rijnveld, M.; Chapman, A.S.; Strosser, P.

2007-01-01

The EU Project AquaTerra generates knowledge about the river-soil-sediment-groundwater system and delivers scientific information of value for river basin management. In this article, the use and ignorance of scientific knowledge in decision making is explored by a theoretical review. We elaborate on the 'two-communities theory', which explains the problems of the policy-science interface by relating and comparing the different cultures, contexts, and languages of researchers and policy makers. Within AquaTerra, the EUPOL subproject examines the policy-science interface with the aim of achieving a good connection between the scientific output of the project and EU policies. We have found two major barriers, namely language and resources, as well as two types of relevant relationships: those between different research communities and those between researchers and policy makers. - Using scientific output in River Basin Management requires researchers and policy makers to acknowledge the multiple rationalities and different viewpoints that are brought in by the variety of stakeholders involved

Código Florestal, função socioambiental da terra e soberania alimentar

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Sérgio Sauer

Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir alterações do Código Florestal, especialmente aspropostas de mudanças nas noções de Reserva Legal e Área de Preservação Permanente (APP, em processo de rediscussão no Congresso, após sanção presidencial com vetos no texto aprovado na Câmara em 25 de abril de 2012. Para suprir lacunas da nova Lei, o Executivo Federal editou a Medida Provisória (MP 571/2012, que retoma a discussão da matéria. Tanto dispositivos da nova Lei como alterações propostas ao texto da MP geram insegurança alimentar e visam a eliminar a função socioambiental da terra. A motivação das mudanças não está relacionada à sustentabilidade ambiental ou às mudanças climáticas, temas fundamentais na agenda mundial, mas parte do princípio de que a natureza é um empecilho ao desenvolvimento. Este artigo resgata as principais alterações no Código Florestal relacionadas à Reserva Legal e às APPs, estabelecendo relações (impactos negativos com a função socioambiental da terra e a soberania alimentar.

A DESIGUALDADE NO ACESSO A TERRA SOB A ÓTICA DO PRINCÍPIO DA IGUALDADE DE RONALD DWORKIN

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Natalia Altieri Santos de Oliveira

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Analisa o histórico do acesso à terra no Brasil, seus reflexos no direito a igualdade e de que forma a teoria de Dworkin pode ser usada para diminuir a desigualdade. Justifica-se a pesquisa pela importância do entendimento de possíveis soluções acerca da diminuição da desigualdade fundiária no Brasil. Utiliza o método interpretativo histórico, e as técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Analisa a teoria de Dworkin acerca o princípio da igualdade e do direito como integridade. Conclui que a mudança na interpretação do direito de propriedade no Direito pode ser uma solução para diminuir as desigualdades no acesso à terra.

CERES ERBE-like Monthly Regional Averages (ES-9) in HDF ( CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV)

Science.gov (United States)

Wielicki, Bruce A. (Principal Investigator)

The ERBE-like Monthly Regional Averages (ES-9) product contains a month of space and time averaged Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) data for a single scanner instrument. The ES-9 is also produced for combinations of scanner instruments. All instantaneous shortwave and longwave fluxes at the Top-of-the-Atmosphere (TOA) from the CERES ES-8 product for a month are sorted by 2.5-degree spatial regions, by day number, and by the local hour of observation. The mean of the instantaneous fluxes for a given region-day-hour bin is determined and recorded on the ES-9 along with other flux statistics and scene information. For each region, the daily average flux is estimated from an algorithm that uses the available hourly data, scene identification data, and diurnal models. This algorithm is 'like' the algorithm used for the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). The ES-9 also contains hourly average fluxes for the month and an overall monthly average for each region. These average fluxes are given for both clear-sky and total-sky scenes. The following CERES ES9 data sets are currently available: CER_ES9_FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_PFM+FM1_Edition2 CER_ES9_PFM+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_TRMM-PFM_Edition1 CER_ES9_TRMM-PFM_Edition2 CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition1 CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition1 CER_ES9_FM1+FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition2 CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition2 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM3_Edition1 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM4_Edition1 CER_ES9_FM1+FM2+FM3+FM4_Edition1 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM3_Edition2 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM4_Edition2 CER_ES9_FM1+FM3_Edition2 CER_ES9_FM1+FM4_Edition2 CER_ES9_Aqua-FM3_Edition1-CV CER_ES9_Aqua-FM4_Edition1-CV CER_ES9_Terra-FM1_Edition1-CV CER_ES9_Terra-FM2_Edition1-CV. [Location=GLOBAL] [Temporal_Coverage: Start_Date=1998-01-01; Stop_Date=2006-09-30] [Spatial_Coverage: Southernmost_Latitude=-90; Northernmost_Latitude=90; Westernmost_Longitude=-180; Easternmost

Falling in love with minerals terra mineralia - a journey to the most beautiful minerals of the world

Science.gov (United States)

Anna, D.

2013-12-01

Is it possible to make people fall in love with minerals? Yes, it is. And it happens daily at terra mineralia, a permanent exhibition displaying a collection of 3500 rare and beautiful minerals, precious stones and meteorites in Freiberg/Saxony. The exhibits are part of one of the world's largest private collections of minerals and have been given to the TU Bergakademie Freiberg on permanent loan by Dr. Erika Pohl-Ströher. The exquisite pieces stem from sites on every continent, and as such, allow the visitor to virtually journey around the world to the world's most beautiful minerals - an amazing and unexpected experience. The specimen are so unique in quality and aesthetical appearance that scientists and private collectors from all over the world are overwhelmed by their display. However, the exhibition is less targeted towards the specialist or collector. Due to the close ties of the terra mineralia to its parent organization, the TU Bergakademie Freiberg, which is one of the leading universities dedicated to the geo-sciences, it has been primarily designed to attract young visitors, school children and students. It is the expressed goal of the University and Dr. Erika Pohl-Ströher to give young people the opportunity to discover the fascinating aspects natural sciences have to offer. Therefore, the efforts of the museums educational service focus on raising awareness and enticing the young 'scientists' to be. Why not continue a live of learning where the interest in natural sciences had been nurtured in first place - at the TU Bergakademie in Freiberg, for example with studies in the fields of mineralogy, geology or mining? And while you are at it, come back to terra mineralia as a student to help form and train the next generation of young talents. So, does it work? Yes, even if it is still too early to see the young enrolled in the University. What we already see, is a tremendous amount of positive feed back from the young, their parents and educators

First results from the GPS atmosphere sounding experiment TOR aboard the TerraSAR-X satellite

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G. Beyerle

2011-07-01

Full Text Available GPS radio occultation events observed between 24 July and 17 November 2008 by the IGOR occultation receiver aboard the TerraSAR-X satellite are processed and analyzed. The comparison of 15 327 refractivity profiles with collocated ECMWF data yield a mean bias between zero and −0.30 % at altitudes between 5 and 30 km. Standard deviations decrease from about 1.4 % at 5 km to about 0.6 % at 10 km altitude, however, increase significantly in the upper stratosphere. At low latitudes mean biases and standard deviations are larger, in particular in the lower troposphere. The results are consistent with 15 159 refractivity observations collected during the same time period by the BlackJack receiver aboard GRACE-A and processed by GFZ's operational processing system. The main difference between the two occultation instruments is the implementation of open-loop signal tracking in the IGOR (TerraSAR-X receiver which improves the tropospheric penetration depth in terms of ray height by about 2 km compared to the conventional closed-loop data acquired by BlackJack (GRACE-A.

Response to the additional information request from the Terra Nova Environmental Assessment Panel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1997-03-01

This document provides responses to the questions addressed to the proponents of the Terra Nova Development by the Environmental Assessment Panel. The questions and the responses concern hiring practices, labour relations, environmental and wildlife protection, impacts to the Grand Banks fishing industry, operating practices and the effects on offshore installations should extreme conditions of ice, weather, sea and wind occur simultaneously. References cited in response to individual questions are included following each response. Tabs., figs

Model developments in TERRA_URB, the upcoming standard urban parametrization of the atmospheric numerical model COSMO(-CLM)

Science.gov (United States)

Wouters, Hendrik; Blahak, Ulrich; Helmert, Jürgen; Raschendorfer, Matthias; Demuzere, Matthias; Fay, Barbara; Trusilova, Kristina; Mironov, Dmitrii; Reinert, Daniel; Lüthi, Daniel; Machulskaya, Ekaterina

2015-04-01

In order to address urban climate at the regional scales, a new efficient urban land-surface parametrization TERRA_URB has been developed and coupled to the atmospheric numerical model COSMO-CLM. Hereby, several new advancements for urban land-surface models are introduced which are crucial for capturing the urban surface-energy balance and its seasonal dependency in the mid-latitudes. This includes a new PDF-based water-storage parametrization for impervious land, the representation of radiative absorption and emission by greenhouse gases in the infra-red spectrum in the urban canopy layer, and the inclusion of heat emission from human activity. TERRA_URB has been applied in offline urban-climate studies during European observation campaigns at Basel (BUBBLE), Toulouse (CAPITOUL), and Singapore, and currently applied in online studies for urban areas in Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Helsinki, Singapore, and Melbourne. Because of its computational efficiency, high accuracy and its to-the-point conceptual easiness, TERRA_URB has been selected to become the standard urban parametrization of the atmospheric numerical model COSMO(-CLM). This allows for better weather forecasts for temperature and precipitation in cities with COSMO, and an improved assessment of urban outdoor hazards in the context of global climate change and urban expansion with COSMO-CLM. We propose additional extensions to TERRA_URB towards a more robust representation of cities over the world including their structural design. In a first step, COSMO's standard EXTernal PARarameter (EXTPAR) tool is updated for representing the cities into the land cover over the entire globe. Hereby, global datasets in the standard EXTPAR tool are used to retrieve the 'Paved' or 'sealed' surface Fraction (PF) referring to the presence of buildings and streets. Furthermore, new global data sets are incorporated in EXTPAR for describing the Anthropogenic Heat Flux (AHF) due to human activity, and optionally the

Comparing Accuracy of Airborne Laser Scanning and TerraSAR-X Radar Images in the Estimation of Plot-Level Forest Variables

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juha Hyyppä

2010-01-01

Full Text Available In this study we compared the accuracy of low-pulse airborne laser scanning (ALS data, multi-temporal high-resolution noninterferometric TerraSAR-X radar data and a combined feature set derived from these data in the estimation of forest variables at plot level. The TerraSAR-X data set consisted of seven dual-polarized (HH/HV or VH/VV Stripmap mode images from all seasons of the year. We were especially interested in distinguishing between the tree species. The dependent variables estimated included mean volume, basal area, mean height, mean diameter and tree species-specific mean volumes. Selection of best possible feature set was based on a genetic algorithm (GA. The nonparametric k-nearest neighbour (k-NN algorithm was applied to the estimation. The research material consisted of 124 circular plots measured at tree level and located in the vicinity of Espoo, Finland. There are large variations in the elevation and forest structure in the study area, making it demanding for image interpretation. The best feature set contained 12 features, nine of them originating from the ALS data and three from the TerraSAR-X data. The relative RMSEs for the best performing feature set were 34.7% (mean volume, 28.1% (basal area, 14.3% (mean height, 21.4% (mean diameter, 99.9% (mean volume of Scots pine, 61.6% (mean volume of Norway spruce and 91.6% (mean volume of deciduous tree species. The combined feature set outperformed an ALS-based feature set marginally; in fact, the latter was better in the case of species-specific volumes. Features from TerraSAR-X alone performed poorly. However, due to favorable temporal resolution, satellite-borne radar imaging is a promising data source for updating large-area forest inventories based on low-pulse ALS.

Multitemporal monitoring of Karviná subsidence troughs using Sentinel-1 and TerraSAR-X interferometry

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Lazecký, M.; Jiránková, E.; Kadlečík, Pavel

2017-01-01

Roč. 14, č. 1 (2017), s. 53-59 ISSN 1214-9705 Institutional support: RVO:67985891 Keywords : subsidence * SAR Interferometry * Sentinel-1 * TerraSAR-X * mining Subject RIV: DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography OBOR OECD: Physical geography Impact factor: 0.699, year: 2016 https://www.irsm.cas.cz/index_en.php?page=acta_detail_doi&id=187

Avian distribution in treefall gaps and understorey of terra firme forest in the lowland Amazon

Science.gov (United States)

JR WUNDERLE; MICHAEL R. WILLIG; LUIZA MAGALLI PINTO HENRIQUES

2005-01-01

We compared the bird distributions in the understorey of treefall gaps and sites with intact canopy in Amazonian terra firme forest in Brazil. We compiled 2216 mist-net captures (116 species) in 32 gap and 32 forest sites over 22.3 months. Gap habitats differed from forest habitats in having higher capture rates, total captures, species richness and diversity....

Los cócs: una seña de identidad de la Terra Alta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Del Loreto Meix

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata sobre la repostería tradicional de la comarca de la Terra Alta (Cataluña vinculada a las fiestas, especialmente sobre las pastas que se suelen hacer en dicha comarca. En esta zona las pastas se llaman cócs, una palabra que está presente tanto en la Terra Alta como en las comarcas vecinas de la Ribera d'Ebre o el Priorat. Junto con las pastas se sirve el vino rancio, la mistela o el vino dulce, que también son productos de estas tierras. Actualmente, panaderías y pastelerías de los pueblos de la comarca elaboran estos productos tradicionales artesanos, que en otras épocas sólo se hacían en casa.El artículo, que nace del trabajo de final de carrera realizado por la autora para la licenciatura de Humanidades de la UOC, aporta una visión privilegiada de la riqueza de la Terra Alta con respecto a su historia gastronómica, sus costumbres y la manera de tratar sus dulces. La autora, que ya había trabajado anteriormente en estos aspectos, sitúa las especificidades de la repostería tradicional terraltina en el contexto de las culturas mediterráneas con raíces comunes que se remontan al mundo antiguo y medieval y que todavía mantienen un "aire de familia" bien identificable; a la vez, recorre por la zona, con interés etnográfico, lo que denomina "el mundo del trigo" (la amasadura del pan, el oficio de panadero, los hornos y otras herramientas, las tradiciones asociadas.... En definitiva, rescata un aspecto vivo de la cotidianidad local y lo sitúa a la luz de la historia de la alimentación, mientras aporta información que puede ser de interés desde otros ángulos de estudio.

Integrating regional and continental scale comparisons of tree composition in Amazonian terra firme forests

Science.gov (United States)

Honorio Coronado, E. N.; Baker, T. R.; Phillips, O. L.; Pitman, N. C. A.; Pennington, R. T.; Vásquez Martínez, R.; Monteagudo, A.; Mogollón, H.; Dávila Cardozo, N.; Ríos, M.; García-Villacorta, R.; Valderrama, E.; Ahuite, M.; Huamantupa, I.; Neill, D. A.; Laurance, W. F.; Nascimento, H. E. M.; Soares de Almeida, S.; Killeen, T. J.; Arroyo, L.; Núñez, P.; Freitas Alvarado, L.

2009-01-01

We contrast regional and continental-scale comparisons of the floristic composition of terra firme forest in South Amazonia, using 55 plots across Amazonia and a subset of 30 plots from northern Peru and Ecuador. Firstly, we examine the floristic patterns using both genus- or species-level data and find that the species-level analysis more clearly distinguishes different plot clusters. Secondly, we compare the patterns and causes of floristic differences at regional and continental scales. At a continental scale, ordination analysis shows that species of Lecythidaceae and Sapotaceae are gradually replaced by species of Arecaceae and Myristicaceae from eastern to western Amazonia. These floristic gradients are correlated with gradients in soil fertility and to dry season length, similar to previous studies. At a regional scale, similar patterns are found within north-western Amazonia, where differences in soil fertility distinguish plots where species of Lecythidaceae, characteristic of poor soils, are gradually replaced by species of Myristicaceae on richer soils. The main coordinate of this regional-scale ordination correlates mainly with concentrations of available calcium and magnesium. Thirdly, we ask at a regional scale within north-western Amazonia, whether soil fertility or other distance dependent processes are more important for determining variation in floristic composition. A Mantel test indicates that both soils and geographical distance have a similar and significant role in determining floristic similarity across this region. Overall, these results suggest that regional-scale variation in floristic composition can rival continental scale differences within Amazonian terra firme forests, and that variation in floristic composition at both scales is dependent on a range of processes that include both habitat specialisation related to edaphic conditions and other distance-dependent processes. To fully account for regional scale variation in continental

Ambiente institucional e compra de terras por estrangeiros em países em desenvolvimento

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leandro Simões Pongeluppe

2014-03-01

Full Text Available De acordo com o Banco Mundial, desde o final dos anos 2000 o movimento de aquisição de terras por estrangeiros tem se acentuado nos países em desenvolvimento, impulsionado pelo boom dos preços das commodities. Em termos teóricos, a abordagem da Nova Economia Institucional (NEI argumenta que as instituições são importantes para as estratégias dos agentes econômicos e seu desempenho. Neste estudo, apoiado na NEI, pretende-se responder como as instituições presentes em países periféricos refletem o processo de aquisições de terras por investidores estrangeiros. Para esse objetivo, foram utilizados dados secundários de organizações internacionais, como Food and Agriculture Organization, Banco Mundial, Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Comércio e Desenvolvimento, Fundo Monetário Internacional, Organização para a Cooperação Econômica e Desenvolvimento Econômico, Wall Street Journal e agências nacionais. A hipótese principal é que a força ou a fraqueza presente no ambiente institucional em países em desenvolvimento tem influência relevante no nível de Investimento Estrangeiro Direto (IED. Para testar a hipótese, adota-se como metodologia a análise estatística, na qual se verifica a relação entre o nível de IED nos países receptores (variável dependente contra variáveis independentes: liberdade de investimento, direitos de propriedade e nível de corrupção. Espera-se?que os pa?ses com?ambientes institucionais independentes: liberdade de investimento, direitos de propriedade e nível de corrupção. Espera-se que os países com ambientes institucionais fracos, ou menos seguros, tendam a receber menores investimentos em compra de terras e arrendamentos do que outros países que têm estrutura institucional que garanta os direitos de propriedade.

Usos da terra e Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP na Bacia do Rio da Prata, Castelo-ES

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Luciano Melo Coutinho

Full Text Available Este trabalho avaliou o uso da terra e identificou Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio da Prata (BRP, município de Castelo-ES, via técnicas de geoprocessamento. A BRP é marcada pela supressão de vegetação nativa, para expansão da fronteira agropecuária. As classes de uso da terra foram vetorizadas por fotointerpretação de aerofotos ortorretificadas. A delimitação das APPs foi realizada a partir de dados de hidrografia e altimetria de cartas topográficas digitais, com respeito às determinações do Código Florestal Brasileiro. A principal forma de uso da terra é a agropecuária (60,84% da área total, composta pela agricultura (30,21% e pela pecuária (30,63%, sendo que a área preservada com floresta nativa é de 36,85%. As APPs representam 55,48% da área total e sua maior parte (50,40% é utilizada para fins socioeconômicos, enquanto a cobertura florestal representa apenas 49,60%.

Transferências orbitais dentro do modelo quase bicircular no sistema Terra-Lua-Sol

Science.gov (United States)

Corrêa, A. A.; de Almeida Prado, A. F. B.; Stuchi, T. J.; Beaugé, C.

2003-08-01

O problema quase bicircular planar consiste na determinação da dinâmica de um corpo, de massa desprezível, que se move sob o campo gravitacional de três corpos. No caso estudado, o quarto corpo é considerado um satélite artificial e os demais são a Terra, a Lua e o Sol, formando o sistema de três corpos. Este modelo permite a construção de uma hamiltoniana similar a do problema restrito de três corpos (PRTC), incluindo termos periódicos não autônomos, provenientes da presença do Sol, portanto pode ser entendido como uma perturbação ao PRTC. Suas órbitas periódicas aparecem isoladas e possuem o mesmo período solar. Os pontos de equilíbrio colineares possuem o mesmo caráter de estabilidade linear dos pontos lagrangianos (L1, L2 e L3) do PRTC, sendo do tipo sela x centro x centro, instável na direção x e estáveis nas direções y e z. As órbitas periódicas tridimensionais ao redor do ponto colinear é chamada órbita Halo. O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar órbitas de transferências de baixo consumo de combustível para um veículo espacial partindo de uma órbita de estacionamento ao redor da Terra em direção a uma órbita Halo do ponto L1, situado entre a Terra e Lua. Esta tarefa pode ser transformada no problema de valor de contorno: dado um ponto inicial na órbita de estacionamento, um ponto final na órbita halo e o tempo de transferência, deseja-se obter a trajetória que liga estes dois pontos e que minimize os incrementos de velocidade do veículo. Essas transferências são realizadas baseadas no método de Lambert e analisadas de modo a fornecer um baixo consumo. Posteriormente, é feita uma comparação de consumo com as órbitas de transferência equivalentes do PRTC.

Petrology of Terra Nova pluton, Brazil, and associated ultrapotassic dykes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva Filho, A.F. da; Thompson, R.N.; Leat, P.T.

1987-01-01

The Upper Precambrian Terra Nova Pluton, situated 550 Km inland from Recife, Brazil, is 220 Km 2 in area and intrudes deformed metasedimentary rocks of the Pianco-Alto Brigida Mobile Belt. The Pluton shows complex petrological relationships. It consists of subalkaline quartz-monzonites and quartz-syenites, and the major minerals are K-feldspars, albite, hornblende, and quartz. The pluton is intermediate in composition (SiO 2 = 58.9-65.6 wt%, MgO=0.9-3.7 wt%) and is dominantly potassic (K 2 O=3.3-5.6 wt %; K 2 O/Na 2 O=0.9-1.8). Ba (up to 2.300 ppm) and Sr (up to 1,100 ppm) are abundant in the rocks, and LREE are enriched relative to HREE (La N /Lu N = 25.6-43.2). There is no significant Eu Anomaly. Rounded autoliths within the pluton are similar, but more mafic in composition (SiO 2 =54.6-57.5 wt %; MgO=4.9-6.4 wt %). A suite of dykes cut pluton and the surrounding country rocks. These dykes are varied in composition, encompassing most of the chemical range shown by the pluton and associated autoliths. The dykes are holocrystalline, peralkaline, and strongly enriched in both K 2 O(K 2 O=5.3-11.4 wt %) and Ba (Ba=2,400 ppm-10,500 ppm), which are considered to be magmatic abundances. The dykes have similar REE and other trace elements and ratios to the autoliths and plutonic rocks, and the dykes and the pluton are thought to be chemically related. The Terra Nova Pluton records the fractionation of mantle-derived ultrapotassic magma from mafic to intermediate compositions. (author) [pt

Síndroma de Mounier-Kuhn: Uma causa rara de infecções respiratórias de repetição

OpenAIRE

Ana Marques; Miguel Félix; Fernando Barata; Jorge Pires; Maria Helena Estêvão; S. Martinho do Bispo Coimbra

2007-01-01

Resumo: A síndroma de Mounier-Kuhn é uma doença rara, de etiologia desconhecida e que se presume subdiagnosticada. Cursa frequentemente com infecções respiratórias de repetição e bronquiectasias. A clínica inespecífica, semelhante a outras patologias supurativas brônquicas crónicas, dificulta o diagnóstico, muitas vezes efectuado vários anos após o início dos sintomas. Os autores apresentam uma revisão da literatura a propósito de dois casos clínicos que ilustram a heteroge...

História da terra e do homem no Planalto Central, de Paulo Bertran

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Kelerson Semerene Costa

2012-07-01

Full Text Available História da terra e do homem no Planalto Central: eco-história do Distrito Federal, de Paulo Bertran. Brasília, Editora da Universidade de Brasília, 3a. edição, 2011. 615 p. Coleção UnB nos 50 anos de Brasília. R$ 65,00 Ilustrado, Índice remissivo, ISBN 978-85-230-1281-6

Arsenic Encapsulation Using Portland Cement With Ferrous Sulfate/Lime And Terra-BondTM Technologies - Microcharacterization And Leaching Studies

Science.gov (United States)

This work reports the results of an investigation on the treatment and encapsulation of arsenic-containing materials by Portland cement with ferrous sulfate and lime (PFL) and Terra-BondTM, a commercially available patented technology. The arsenic materials treated we...

Wineries Evaluation of Costs and Benefits of Sustainability Certification Program: The Case of Terra Vitis in France.

Science.gov (United States)

Jourjon, Frederique; Chou, Hsia-Chi; Gezart, Anna; Kadison, Amy E; Martinat, Lea; Pomarici, Eugenio; Vecchio, Riccardo

2016-01-01

The current paper analyses the evaluation of the costs and benefits of French wineries (N=69) participating in the sustainability program Terra Vitis, a widespread environmental certification scheme within the French wine industry. An online questionnaire was sent to all Terra Vitis participants, in order to analyse the evaluation of economic costs and benefits (together with environmental benefits) as perceived by wineries. Our findings reveal that older participants in the scheme (over 5 years), firms with higher export share (>40% of annual turnover) and cooperative wineries tend to be keener to assign a positive evaluation to the benefits/costs ratio in both the vineyard and the winery. In the context of increasing concerns regarding the economic and environmental performance of the French agricultural sector, such findings and also the patent research could be useful for policy makers and entrepreneurs in defining mainstream normative and corporate strategies. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.

High Fidelity Non-Gravitational Force Models for Precise and Accurate Orbit Determination of TerraSAR-X

Science.gov (United States)

Hackel, Stefan; Montenbruck, Oliver; Steigenberger, -Peter; Eineder, Michael; Gisinger, Christoph

Remote sensing satellites support a broad range of scientific and commercial applications. The two radar imaging satellites TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X provide spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and interferometric SAR data with a very high accuracy. The increasing demand for precise radar products relies on sophisticated validation methods, which require precise and accurate orbit products. Basically, the precise reconstruction of the satellite’s trajectory is based on the Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements from a geodetic-grade dual-frequency receiver onboard the spacecraft. The Reduced Dynamic Orbit Determination (RDOD) approach utilizes models for the gravitational and non-gravitational forces. Following a proper analysis of the orbit quality, systematics in the orbit products have been identified, which reflect deficits in the non-gravitational force models. A detailed satellite macro model is introduced to describe the geometry and the optical surface properties of the satellite. Two major non-gravitational forces are the direct and the indirect Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP). Due to the dusk-dawn orbit configuration of TerraSAR-X, the satellite is almost constantly illuminated by the Sun. Therefore, the direct SRP has an effect on the lateral stability of the determined orbit. The indirect effect of the solar radiation principally contributes to the Earth Radiation Pressure (ERP). The resulting force depends on the sunlight, which is reflected by the illuminated Earth surface in the visible, and the emission of the Earth body in the infrared spectra. Both components of ERP require Earth models to describe the optical properties of the Earth surface. Therefore, the influence of different Earth models on the orbit quality is assessed within the presentation. The presentation highlights the influence of non-gravitational force and satellite macro models on the orbit quality of TerraSAR-X.

Validasi Algoritma Estimasi konsentrasi Klorofil-a dan Padatan Tersuspensi Menggunakan Citra Terra dan Aqua Modis dengan Data In situ (Studi Kasus : Perairan Selat Makassar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Endang Prinina

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Klorofil-a dan Padatan Tersuspensi (TSS merupakan parameter fisik kualitas perairan. Pigmen klorofil-a memiliki daya serap yang tinggi pada gelombang tampak biru dan merah. TSS merupakan zat padatan sedimentasi dari aliran sungai yang membawa material-material organik maupun anorganik. Kandungan TSS yang tinggi sangat mengganggu proses fotosintesis pada fitoplankton yang merupakan produsen penghasil zat klorofil-a. Sehingga TSS juga mampu menyerap gelombang tampak. Kemampuan klorofil-a dan TSS dalam menyerap gelombang tampak dapat di amati dengan menggunakan teknologi penginderaan jauh. Pemanfaatan teknologi ini membutuhkan algoritma dalam menentukan nilai estimasi konsentrasi klorofil-a dan TSS. Penelitian ini menggunakan citra Terra dan Aqua MODIS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memvalidasi hasil algoritma klorofil-a dan TSS yang telah ada dalam perangkat lunak SeaDAS 7.3.1. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan koreksi atmosfer terbaik dalam pendugaan klorofil-a dan TSS yaitu koreksi atmosfer MUMM. Dari hasil pemetaan klorofil-a dan TSS menghasilkan nilai NMAE sebesar 158,34% dan 65,28%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa algoritma empiris ini tidak dapat diterapkan pada Selat Makassar. Sebaran klorofil-a terendah sebesar 0,105 µg/l dan tertinggi sebesar 0,783 µg/l pada citra Terra MODIS. Sedangkan sebaran TSS terendah 0,02 mg/l dan tertinggi 6,88 mg/l pada citra Terra MODIS. Citra Terra MODIS lebih baik dalam pendugaan klorofil-a dan TSS dengan menggunakan algoritma empiris di SeaDAS 7.3.1 daripada menggunakan citra Aqua MODIS.

Efeitos corrosivos encontrados em materiais magnéticos empregados em ortodontia

OpenAIRE

Itabaiana Sobrinho, Sisenando

2006-01-01

O emprego de ligas magnéticas permitiu a criação de novas opções em terapias odontológicas, especialmente na Ortodontia, onde a sua utilização já é bastante difundida. A inovação no emprego dos magnetos veio com a introdução de novas ligas magnéticas à base dos elementos terras raras pertencentes à família dos lantanídeos, como as ligas de samário-cobalto (SmCo5) e neodímio-ferro-boro (Nd2Fe14B). Magnetos fabricados com as ligas acima são 20 vezes mais fortes que os magnetos de alumínio-níque...

Inducción y sincronización de la actividad ovárica en corderas de la raza portuguesa “Churra da Terra Quente”

OpenAIRE

Azevedo, Jorge Manuel Teixeira de; Correia, Teresa Montenegro; Almeida, José Carlos; Valentim, Ramiro; Fontes, Paulo J.; Galvão, Lurdes; Mendonça, Álvaro; Coelho, Alípio

2003-01-01

El principal objetivo de este trahajo fue (estudiar la eficacia de la utilización de implantes subcutáneos de melatonina en la inducción de la actividad ovárica y del tratamiento hormonal - progestágenos + cCG - en la sincronización de celos en corderas de la raza portuguesa Churra da Terra Quente. La aplicación de implantes de melatonina interrumpió efectivamente el anoestro estacional de las corderas Churras da Terra Quente. Todavía, el porcentaje de corderas que presentó celo (61,5%) y la ...

‘Land grabbing’ e ‘Green grabbing’: Uma leitura da ‘corrida na produção acadêmica’ sobre a apropriação global de terras

NARCIS (Netherlands)

S. Sauer (Sergio); S.M. Borras jr. (Saturnino)

2016-01-01

markdownabstractA partir de 2008, houve uma extensa produção e publicação de artigos acadêmicos, basicamente em inglês, sobre um fenômeno denominado corrida mundial por terras ou land grabbing (apropriação de terras). Depois de cinco ou seis anos, essa produção se mantém, mas com construções

SUSCEPTIBILIDADE AMBIENTAL A SALINIZAÇÃO DAS TERRAS EM MUNICÍPIOS DA MICRORREGIÃO DE PETROLINA - PERNAMBUCO - BRASIL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francelita Coelho Castro

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A salinização é o processo de acumulo de sais solúveis nos solos proporcionados pelas ações humanas no tocante das práticas de uso dos solos, assim como, provocados por processos naturais. O problema provoca redução da capacidade de produção agrícola de centenas de hectares de terras, principalmente nas regiões semiáridas e áridas, incluído parte das terras localizadas no nordeste brasileiro. Neste contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o mapeamento da susceptibilidade a salinização dos solos em cinco municípios da microrregião de Petrolina, semiárido do estado de Pernambuco. Para realização do estudo foram necessárias análises dos papeis dos atributos relevo, práticas de usos e ocupação das terras e os condicionantes dos solos referentes às susceptibilidades de salinização dos solos. Após as análises individuais os atributos foram cruzados com apoio das ferramentas geotecnológicas para confecção da carta de susceptibilidade a salinização. Os resultados apontam que os municípios estudados apresentam, em sua grande maioria, de média a alta susceptibilidade a salinização, constatação que requer cuidados especiais e políticas públicas para implantação de manejo adequado a realidade local.

Avaliação fitotecnica de bananeiras tipo terra sob irrigação em condições semi-áridas Agronomical evaluation of bananas under irrigation and semi-arid conditions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hudson Caldeira de Faria

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de avaliar fitotecnicamente as características vegetativas e de rendimento de cinco cultivares de bananeira tipo Terra, em primeiro ciclo de produção sob irrigação nas condições semiáridas da região de Guanambi - BA. Utilizaram-se descritores fenotípicos relevantes para a identificação e seleção de indivíduos com características superiores, visando a disponibilizar aos produtores dos perímetros de irrigação uma alternativa para a diversificação da bananicultura. Avaliaram-se as seguintes características: número de dias do plantio ao florescimento e à colheita, altura da planta, perímetro do pseudocaule, número de folhas vivas nas épocas do florescimento e colheita, o intervalo florescimento-colheita, peso do cacho, da ráquis e das pencas, número de pencas e de frutos, comprimento e diâmetro do fruto. O experimento foi delineado em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos, constituídos pelas cultivares AAB: Terra, Terra-Maranhão, Terrinha e D'Angola e pelo híbrido AAAB: FHIA-21 com cinco repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída por 20 plantas (quatro fileiras de cinco plantas, com seis plantas úteis no espaçamento de 3,0 m x 3,0 m. Destacaram-se as cultivares avaliadas a Terra e a Terra Maranhão como as mais produtivas, porém, com maior altura e mais tardias em ciclo. O híbrido FHIA-21 e as cultivares Terrinha e D'Angola, apresentaram-se com maior número de folhas vivas à época da colheita. A cultivar D'Angola apresentou a menor produtividade dentre as cultivares avaliadas.The goal of this work was to make a agronomical evaluation of the vegetative characteristics and income of five cultivars of banana type Plantain, in the first production cycle under irrigation in the semi-arid conditions of the region of the city of Guanambi -Bahia State. Relevant phenotypic descriptors were used for the identification and selection of individuals with superior

Draft Genome Sequence of the Soil Bacterium Burkholderia terrae Strain BS001, Which Interacts with Fungal Surface Structures

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nazir, Rashid; Hansen, Martin A.; Sorensen, Soren

2012-01-01

Burkholderia terrae BS001 is a soil bacterium which was originally isolated from the mycosphere of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria proxima. It exhibits a range of fungus-interacting traits which reveal its propensity to actively interact at fungal interfaces. Here, we present the approximately...

MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/3-Band Emissivity Daily L3 Global 1km SIN Grid Day V006

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/3-Band Emissivity Daily L3 Global 1km SIN Grid Day (MOD21A1D.006). A new suite of MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST) and...

MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/3-Band Emissivity 8-Day L3 Global 1km SIN Grid V006

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/3-Band Emissivity 8-Day L3 Global 1km SIN Grid (MOD21A2.006). A new suite of MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Emissivity...

MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/3-Band Emissivity Daily L3 Global 1km SIN Grid Night V006

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/3-Band Emissivity Daily L3 Global 1km SIN Grid Night (MOD21A1N.006). A new suite of MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST) and...

Effects of doping in BSCCO superconductor system; Efeito da dopagem do sistema superconductor BSCCO com terras raras

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodrigues, V.D.; Carvalho, C.L.; Souza, E.J. de; Torsoni, G.B.; Silva, M.J. da, E-mail: vivian_delmute@yahoo.com.b [UNESP, Ilha Solteira, SP (Brazil). Dept. de Fisica e Quimica

2010-07-01

There are several studies on doping in superconducting systems, due to their high TC. Actually, the search for high current densities permitting future application of these materials. In this work, the purpose was to synthesize and characterize the phase (Bi,Pb)-2223 pure and doped BSCCO superconducting system to study the influence of the dopant on its electrical properties and its TC. Doping was achieved by substituting La in the sites of Sr, with the stoichiometric formula Bi{sub 1,6}Pb{sub 0,4}Sr{sub 2-x}Re{sub x}Ca{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 10+{delta}{delta}}, where x=0.5. Precursor solutions were prepared by Pechini method and heat treated between 800 deg C- 810 deg C. The samples were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction and electrically by dc four-probe method. XRD analysis suggesting the formation of (Bi,Pb)-2212 and (Bi,Pb)-2223 phase in pure and doped samples, respectively. While the electrical measurements indicated a decrease in the superconducting temperature for the doped sample. (author)

Análise exploratória espacial dos preços das terras agrícolas no estado de São Paulo.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hélder Gramacho dos Santos

2015-04-01

Full Text Available A Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais consiste de uma coleção de técnicas para descrever e visualizar distribuições espaciais, descobrir padrões de associação, identificar aglomerados e situações atípicas. Buscando alcançar a estes objetivos foi realizada Análise Exploratória Espacial dos Valores de Terra Nua de cinco categorias de terras agrícolas do Estado de São Paulo do ano de 2012. Realizou-se a estatística descritiva dos dados, calculou-se os Índices de Moran Global e o Índice Local de Associação Espacial e produziu-se mapas que descrevem os fenômenos espaciais. Todos os procedimentos utilizaram programas livres. Na discussão buscou-se associar a ocorrência dos fenômenos ao Valor da Produção Agropecuária (VPA de São Paulo em 2012. Todas as categorias de terras apresentaram autocorrelação espacial global e os indicadores locais identificaram clusters de preços altos e baixos, algumas categorias apresentaram outliers. Os padrões de formação de clusters foram diferentes para cada categoria de terra. Os maiores VPA estão localizadas em regiões onde ocorreram clusters de preços altos. Avaliações de imóveis rurais realizadas no estado de São Paulo devem atentar para a ocorrência da autocorrelação espacial. A disponibilidade de tais ferramentas por meio de softwares livres deve contribuir para a utilização de tais procedimentos pelos peritos e avaliadores.

Comparisons of Brightness Temperatures of Landsat-7/ETM+ and Terra/MODIS around Hotien Oasis in the Taklimakan Desert

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oguro, Y; Ito, S; Tsuchiya, K

2011-01-01

The brightness temperature (BT) of Taklimakan Desert retrieved from the data of Landsat-7/ETM+ band 6 and Terra/MODIS band 31 and 32 indicates the following features: (1) good linear relationship between the BT of ETM+ and that of MODIS, (2) the observation time adjusted BT of ETM+ is almost equal to that of MODIS, (3) the BT of Terra/MODIS band 31 is slightly higher than that of band 32 over a reservoir while opposite feature is recognized over desert area, (4) the statistical analysis of 225 sample data of ETM+ in one pixel of MODIS for different land covers indicates that the standard deviation and range of BT of ETM+ corresponding to one pixel of MODIS are 0.45 degree C, 2.25 degree C for a flat area of desert, while respective values of the oasis farmland and shading side of rocky hill amount to 2.88 degree C, 14.04 degree C, and 2.80 degree C, 16.04 degree C.

Discrimination of Different Water Layers with TerraSAR X Images in "La Albufera de Valencia"

Science.gov (United States)

García Fernández, M. A.; Miguelsanz Muñoz, P.

2009-04-01

To analyze the capabilities of TerraSAR X Strip Map images in order to discriminate different water layers in the "Parque de la Albufera de Valencia", Spain, a test project was carried out. This place is a rice crop area under European and National Agro environmental regulation which obliges to preserve the habitat and to keep the rice plots flooded out of crop season, from October to January

Alterations in bottom sediment physical and chemical characteristics at the Terra Nova offshore oil development over ten years of drilling on the grand banks of Newfoundland, Canada

Science.gov (United States)

DeBlois, Elisabeth M.; Paine, Michael D.; Kilgour, Bruce W.; Tracy, Ellen; Crowley, Roger D.; Williams, Urban P.; Janes, G. Gregory

2014-12-01

This paper describes sediment composition at the Terra Nova offshore oil development. The Terra Nova Field is located on the Grand Banks approximately 350 km southeast of Newfoundland, Canada, at an approximate water depth of 100 m. Surface sediment samples (upper 3 cm) were collected for chemical and particle size analyses at the site pre-development (1997) and in 2000-2002, 2004, 2006, 2008 and 2010. Approximately 50 stations have been sampled in each program year, with stations extending from less than 1 km to a maximum of 20 km from source (drill centres) along five gradients, extending to the southeast, southwest, northeast, northwest and east of Terra Nova. Results show that Terra Nova sediments were contaminated with >C10-C21 hydrocarbons and barium-the two main constituents of synthetic-based drilling muds used at the site. Highest levels of contamination occurred within 1 to 2 km from source, consistent with predictions from drill cuttings dispersion modelling. The strength of distance gradients for >C10-C21 hydrocarbons and barium, and overall levels, generally increased as drilling progressed but decreased from 2006 to 2010, coincident with a reduction in drilling. As seen at other offshore oil development sites, metals other than barium, sulphur and sulphide levels were elevated and sediment fines content was higher in the immediate vicinity (less than 0.5 km) of drill centres in some sampling years; but there was no strong evidence of project-related alterations of these variables. Overall, sediment contamination at Terra Nova was spatially limited and only the two major constituents of synthetic-based drilling muds used at the site, >C10-C21 hydrocarbons and barium, showed clear evidence of project-related alternations.

Die Pädagogik der Erde (Pedagogia da Terra) als Herausforderung für die Erziehungswissenschaften: Eine Bewertung der Partnerschaft zwischen der Bewegung der Landlosen („Movimento Sem Terra") und der Bundesuniversität von Espírito Santo in Brasilien

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kontopodis, M.; Foerste, E.

2012-01-01

Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt die Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung über den Studiengang „Pädagogik der Erde" (Pedagogia da Terra) vor. Dieser Studiengang wird seit 1999 von der Bundesuniversität Espírito Santo (UFES) in Partnerschaft mit der Nationalen Behörde für Besiedlungspolitik und Agrarreform

Automated inundation monitoring using TerraSAR-X multitemporal imagery

Science.gov (United States)

Gebhardt, S.; Huth, J.; Wehrmann, T.; Schettler, I.; Künzer, C.; Schmidt, M.; Dech, S.

2009-04-01

The Mekong Delta in Vietnam offers natural resources for several million inhabitants. However, a strong population increase, changing climatic conditions and regulatory measures at the upper reaches of the Mekong lead to severe changes in the Delta. Extreme flood events occur more frequently, drinking water availability is increasingly limited, soils show signs of salinization or acidification, species and complete habitats diminish. During the Monsoon season the river regularly overflows its banks in the lower Mekong area, usually with beneficial effects. However, extreme flood events occur more frequently causing extensive damage, on the average once every 6 to 10 years river flood levels exceed the critical beneficial level X-band SAR data are well suited for deriving inundated surface areas. The TerraSAR-X sensor with its different scanning modi allows for the derivation of spatial and temporal high resolved inundation masks. The paper presents an automated procedure for deriving inundated areas from TerraSAR-X Scansar and Stripmap image data. Within the framework of the German-Vietnamese WISDOM project, focussing the Mekong Delta region in Vietnam, images have been acquired covering the flood season from June 2008 to November 2008. Based on these images a time series of the so called watermask showing inundated areas have been derived. The product is required as intermediate to (i) calibrate 2d inundation model scenarios, (ii) estimate the extent of affected areas, and (iii) analyze the scope of prior crisis. The image processing approach is based on the assumption that water surfaces are forward scattering the radar signal resulting in low backscatter signals to the sensor. It uses multiple grey level thresholds and image morphological operations. The approach is robust in terms of automation, accuracy, robustness, and processing time. The resulting watermasks show the seasonal flooding pattern with inundations starting in July, having their peak at the end

Assessment of radargrammetric DSMs from TerraSAR-X Stripmap images in a mountainous relief area of the Amazon region

Science.gov (United States)

de Oliveira, Cleber Gonzales; Paradella, Waldir Renato; da Silva, Arnaldo de Queiroz

The Brazilian Amazon is a vast territory with an enormous need for mapping and monitoring of renewable and non-renewable resources. Due to the adverse environmental condition (rain, cloud, dense vegetation) and difficult access, topographic information is still poor, and when available needs to be updated or re-mapped. In this paper, the feasibility of using Digital Surface Models (DSMs) extracted from TerraSAR-X Stripmap stereo-pair images for detailed topographic mapping was investigated for a mountainous area in the Carajás Mineral Province, located on the easternmost border of the Brazilian Amazon. The quality of the radargrammetric DSMs was evaluated regarding field altimetric measurements. Precise topographic field information acquired from a Global Positioning System (GPS) was used as Ground Control Points (GCPs) for the modeling of the stereoscopic DSMs and as Independent Check Points (ICPs) for the calculation of elevation accuracies. The analysis was performed following two ways: (1) the use of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and (2) calculations of systematic error (bias) and precision. The test for significant systematic error was based on the Student's-t distribution and the test of precision was based on the Chi-squared distribution. The investigation has shown that the accuracy of the TerraSAR-X Stripmap DSMs met the requirements for 1:50,000 map (Class A) as requested by the Brazilian Standard for Cartographic Accuracy. Thus, the use of TerraSAR-X Stripmap images can be considered a promising alternative for detailed topographic mapping in similar environments of the Amazon region, where available topographic information is rare or presents low quality.

Medicamentos de alto custo para doenças raras no Brasil: o exemplo das doenças lisossômicas High cost drugs for rare diseases in Brazil: the case of lysosomal storage disorders

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Mônica Vinhas de Souza

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Este artigo aborda, de forma crítica, aspectos das políticas públicas brasileiras para medicamentos, com ênfase nos de alto custo dirigidos às doenças raras. As doenças lisossômicas foram utilizadas como exemplo pela sua raridade e pela tendência mundial para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos para seu tratamento. Três doenças foram abordadas: doença de Gaucher, doença de Fabry e mucopolissacaridose tipo I. Embora todas tenham medicamentos registrados no Brasil, a doença de Gaucher é a única com protocolo clínico e diretrizes de tratamento balizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde. Os autores almejam, com este artigo, fomentar a discussão sobre o papel da avaliação de tecnologias em saúde para o tratamento das doenças raras no Brasil, enfatizando a necessidade de políticas legitimadas dirigidas especialmente a elas. A despeito das dificuldades de se estabelecer uma política de saúde específica para cada doença rara, é possível o estabelecimento de modelos racionais para lidar com esse crescente desafio.This paper approaches in a critical way aspects of Brazilian public policies for drugs, emphasizing those classified as high cost and for rare diseases. The lysosomal storage diseases was taken as an example because of their rarity and the international trend for the development of new drugs for their treatment, all at high costs. Three lysosomal storage diseases were approached: Gaucher disease, Fabry disease and mucopolysaccharidosis type I. Gaucher disease has its treatment drug licensed in Brazil and guidelines for its use are established through a clinical protocol by the Ministry of Health. The others have their drug treatments registered in Brazil; however, no treatment guidelines for them have been developed by the government. The objective of the paper was to foster the discussion on the role of health technology assessment for high-cost drugs for rare diseases in Brazil, emphasizing the need for establishing

Review article: RE-SiAlONa¤b- composites. Formation, thermal stability, phase relationships, reaction densification Artigo revisão: compósitos TR a¤b SiAlON. Formação, estabilidade térmica, relações de fases, densificação por reação

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V. A. Izhevskiy

1999-02-01

Full Text Available In view of the considerable progress that has been made over the last several years on the fundamental understanding of phase relationships, microstructural design, and tailoring of properties for specific applications of rare-earth doped SiAlONs, a clear review of current understanding of the basic regularities lying behind the processes that take place during sintering of SiAlONs is timely. Alternative secondary phase development, mechanism and full reversibility of thea«btransformation in relation with the phase assemblage evolution are elucidated. Reaction sintering of multicomponent SiAlONs is considered with regard of wetting behavior of silicate liquid phases formed on heating. Regularities of SiAlON’s behavior and stability are tentatively explained in terms of RE-element ionic radii and acid/base reaction principle.Em vista do considerável progresso obtido nos últimos anos quanto à relação entre fases, o design microestrutural e a otimização de propriedades para aplicações específicas de SiAlONs dopados com elementos de terras-raras, se faz necessário uma clara revisão dos mecanismos envolvidos nos processos que ocorrem durante a sinterização dos SiAlONs. O desenvolvimento de segundas fases alternativas, os mecanismos e a completa reversibilidade da transformaçãoa«b, em relação ao conjunto das fases são elucidados. Sinterização por reação de SiAlONs multi-componentes é analisada em relação à molhabilidade da fase líquida a base de silicato formada no aquecimento. Propõe-se uma explicação para a regularidade e estabilidade do comportamento dos SiAlONs em termos do raio iônico dos elementos de terras-raras e do princípio de reação ácido/base.

ÉTICA DE LA EQUIDAD Y JUSTICIA EN EL ACCESO AL DIAGNÓSTICO, TRATAMIENTO Y REHABILITACIÓN DE LOS PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDADES RARAS

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Fernando Novoa S., Dr.

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Las enfermedades raras se definen por su reducida frecuencia en la población, lo que supone numerosas consecuencias adversas, tanto a nivel médico como social. Estas patologías, al ser poco conocidas, tienen un diagnóstico tardío y no cuentan con tratamientos específicos para muchas de ellas. Se caracterizan por ser enfermedades crónicas, degenerativas, invalidantes con calidad de vida disminuida, pérdida de autonomía, alto nivel de dolor y sufrimiento de la persona y su familia, y generalmente ponen en riesgo la vida. Aquellas que tienen un tratamiento específico son de tan alto costo que no pueden ser financiadas por el paciente sin el aporte estatal. Esta situación implica desde el punto de vista ético la necesidad de considerar el principio de Beneficencia y de Justicia Social en las decisiones que se adopten.

Pequenas Histórias Soltas: Mais do Que a Terra do Champanha

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Mariana Schwaab Machiavelli

2013-04-01

Full Text Available O município de Garibaldi está localizado na região turística Uva e Vinho, na Serra Gaúcha, a 110km da capital Porto Alegre. Dentro do cenário entorurístico do qual faz parte, busca diferenciar-se através da produção de espumantes, pioneira no país, quando em 1913 foi produzida a primeira garrafa na Vinícola Peterlongo. Por isso o município se autodenomina Terra do Champanha. Aproveitando esse diferencial, destaca-se no cenário regional pela realização bianual da Festa Nacional do Champanha – FENACHAMP.

Chronic subdural hematoma of the posterior fossa associated with cerebellar hemorrhage: report of rare disease with MRI findings Hematoma subdural crônico de fossa posterior associado a hemorragia cerebelar espontânea: relato de doença rara com achados de RNM

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Leodante B. Costa Jr

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Chronic subdural hematoma of the posterior fossa is an uncommon entity, and spontaneous lesions are very rarely described, occurring mostly during anticoagulation therapy. The association of the posterior fossa chronic subdural hematoma with spontaneous parenchymal hemorrhage without anticoagulation therapy was never related in the literature, to our knowledge. We describe a case of a 64 year-old woman who suffered a spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage, treated conservatively, and presented 1 month later with a chronic subdural posterior fossa hematoma.Hematomas subdurais da fossa posterior são lesões raras, mais comumente relacionadas com traumas graves. A ocorrência de hematomas subdurais crônicos na fossa posterior é muito rara, sendo descritos 15 casos até o momento, boa parte relacionada ao uso de anticoagulantes. Em nossa revisão da literatura, não pudemos encontrar nenhum relato da associação entre hematoma subdural crônico da fossa posterior e hemorragia cerebelar espontânea. Relatamos o caso de paciente de 64 anos com hematoma intraparenquimatoso cerebelar tratado conservadoramente e hematoma subdural crônico, tratado cirurgicamente, cerca de 1 mês após o acidente vascular cerebelar.

Evaluation of monthwise and overall trends of AOD over Indian cities using MODIS Aqua and Terra retrievals

Science.gov (United States)

Banerjee, Subhasis; Ghosh, Sanjay

2016-07-01

Atmospheric aerosols have been shown to have profound impact on climate system and human health. Regular and systematic monitoring of ambient air is thus necessary in order to asses its impact. There are several ground based stations worldwide employed in this service but still their numbers are inadequate and it is even almost impossible to have such stations at difficult geographical terrains and take measurement throughout the year. Aerosol optical depth or AOD, which is a measure of extinction of incoming solar radiation, serves as proxy to atmospheric aerosol loading. Various sensors onboard different satellites take routine measurement of AOD throughout the year. Satellite based AOD is used in many studies due to their wide coverage and availability for a longer time period. Satellite measures reflected solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere. Column integrated value of aerosol are routinely estimated from those measurements using suitable inversion algorithms. MODIS instrument onboard Aqua and Terra satellites of Earth Observing System takes routine measurement in wide spectral range. We used those data to evaluate trend of AOD over almost fifty Indian cities having population more than a million. The cities we have chosen spread over almost entire length and breadth of the country. Few such studies have already been conducted using MODIS data. They typically used level 3 data. Since Level 3 data comes in 1x 1 degree gridded form they provide average value over a vast geographical region. We used level 2 dataset to enable us taking smaller region(1/2 x 1/2 degree here) centering the region of our interest . We used seasonal Mann-Kendall (M-K) statistics coupled with Sen's non-parametric slope estimation procedure to estimate monthwise and overall(i.e., yearly trend taking seasonality into account) AOD trend. We used median AOD for each month of every year to discard very high AOD's which we often get due to cloud contamination. Seasonal M-K test takes

A Igreja Católica e os Movimentos Sociais do Campo: a Teologia da Libertação e o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais sem Terra

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Antonio Julio Menezes Neto

Full Text Available O Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST do Brasil tem origem vinculada às ações das Igrejas, principalmente da Igreja Católica, em sua vertente denominada Teologia da Libertação. Esse movimento teológico sempre esteve muito próximo das análises sociais socialistas, utilizando, muitas vezes, um referencial marxista. As relações da Igreja Católica com os movimentos sociais do campo foram muito presentes no Brasil, e este trabalho apresenta as relações sociais, políticas e teológicas presentes no MST, já que, desde as primeiras ocupações de terra realizadas por componentes do Movimento, a presença da Igreja Católica é constante. Assim, com foco na relação entre Igreja e MST, este artigo analisa como as mudanças políticas, com a crise do socialismo e o avanço do conservadorismo, impactam as ações do Movimento dos Sem Terra.

Summary of Aqua, Aura, and Terra High Interest Events

Science.gov (United States)

Newman, Lauri

2015-01-01

Single-obs tracking Sparsely tracked objects are an unfortunate reality of CARA operations Terra vs. 32081: new track with bad data was included in OD solution for secondary object and risk became high CARA and JSpOC discussed tracking and OSAs threw out the bad data. Event no longer presented high risk based on new OD Improvement: CARA now sends JSpOC a flag indicating when a single obs is included, so OSAs can evaluate if manual update to OD is required. Missing ASW OCMsAura vs. 87178, TCA: 317 at 08:04 UTC. Post-maneuver risk (conjunction was identified in OO results)CARA confirmed with JSpOC that ASW OCMs should have been received in addition to OO OCMsJSpOC corrected the manual error in their script that prevented the data from being delivered to CARAJSpOC QAd their other scripts to ensure this error did not exist in other places.

Ten Years of MISR Observations from Terra: Looking Back, Ahead, and in Between

Science.gov (United States)

Diner, David J.; Ackerman, Thomas P.; Braverman, Amy J.; Bruegge, Carol J.; Chopping, Mark J.; Clothiaux, Eugene E.; Davies, Roger; Di Girolamo, Larry; Kahn, Ralph A.; Knyazikhin, Yuri;

Síndrome de Liddle: diagnóstico tardio de causa rara de hipertensão arterial

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Silva Ana Cristina Simões e

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: a finalidade desse relato de caso é chamar a atenção para uma doença que, embora rara, é causa de hipertensão arterial grave em crianças. O relato procura chamar a atenção dos pediatras para a importância do diagnóstico precoce de hipertensão arterial, e do valor de se estabelecer uma investigação apropriada a cada caso. Relato: neste artigo é relatado uma caso de um paciente de treze anos, do sexo masculino, com quadro clínico e laboratorial típico dessa doença. O diagnóstico foi estabelecido a partir do quadro clínico associado à presença de hipocalemia crônica, aumento da excreção urinária de potássio acoplado à retenção de sódio, e diminuição da atividade de renina plasmática e dos níveis circulantes de Angiotensina II e aldosterona. Apesar da resposta inicial ao uso de triamtereno, o paciente evoluiu com perda da função renal, secundária ao retardo no diagnóstico e ao mau controle da hipertensão. Discussão: a Síndrome de Liddle consiste numa forma de pseudo-aldosteronismo caracterizado por hipertensão arterial, hipocalemia, alcalose metabólica e retardo no crescimento. Alguns aspectos da fisiopatologia, do diagnóstico e do tratamento são discutidos no estudo.

As Ciências da Terra e a mundialização das sociedades

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Umberto G. Cordani

1995-12-01

Full Text Available De acordo com os princípios da Agenda 21, o principal documento resultante da unced-92, a sociedade sustentável do futuro deverá mostrar um desenvolvimento econômico equilibrado, no mundo todo, em harmonia com os sistemas de suporte da vida, em nosso planeta. As Ciências da Terra têm um papel crucial, visto que elas têm a responsabilidade da busca e do gerenciamento dos recursos minerais e energéticos, da conservação, do gerenciamento dos solos e da água, do monitoramento contínuo dos processos dinâmicos do Sistema Terra e da prevenção e mitigação dos desastres naturais. Solidariedade social em nível global é necessária para o alcance futuro de uma sociedade sustentável realmente equitativa e preocupada com a justiça social. Entretanto, as tendências atuais da globalização, sob a égide dos grandes conglomerados transnacionais, são as de dar menor prioridade face a assuntos como preservação ambiental e desenvolvimento econômico do Terceiro Mundo. Tais tendências precisam ser invertidas, e os cientistas e profissionais das Ciências da Terra devem tornar-se proativos, em comunicar-se com políticos, educadores e o público em geral, no sentido de planejar adequadamente as atividades de desenvolvimento, evitando possíveis impactos desastrosos para o ambiente.Following the principles contained in the Agenda 21, the main agreement reached during the unced-92, the future sustainable society shall exhibit an equitable socio-economic development, all over the world, in harmony with the life support systems of our planet. The Earth sciences have a crucial role, because they have the responsibility of the search, provision and management of mineral and energetic resources, the conservation and management of soils and water, the continuous monitoring of the dynamic processes of the Earth system, and the prevention and mitigation of natural disasters. Solidarity among people is needed in order to achieve a truly equitable

Geology of Libya Montes and the Interbasin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Work Plan

Science.gov (United States)

Skiner, J. A., Jr.; Rogers, A. D.; Seelos, K. D.

2009-01-01

The highland-lowland boundary (HLB) of Mars is interpreted to be a complex tectonic and erosional transition that may hold evidence for past geologic processes and environments. The HLB-abutting margin of the Libya Montes and the interbasin plains of northern Tyrrhena Terra display an exceptional view of the earliest to middle history of Mars that has yet to be fully characterized. This region contains some of the oldest exposed materials on the Martian surface as well as aqueous mineral signatures that may be potential chemical artifacts of early highland formational processes. However, a full understanding of the regions geologic and stratigraphic evolution is remarkably lacking. Some outstanding questions regarding the geologic evolution of Libya Montes and northern Tyrrhena Terra in-clude: Does combining geomorphology and composition advance our understanding of the region s evolution? Can highland materials be subdivided into stratigraphically discrete rock and sediment sequences? What do major physiographic transitions imply about the balanced tectonism, climate change, and erosion? Where is the erosional origin and what is the post-depositional history of channel and plains units? When and in what types of environments did aqueous mineral signatures arise? This abstract introduces the geologic setting, science rationale, and first year work plan of a recently-funded 4-year geologic mapping proposal (project year = calendar year). The objective is to delineate the geologic evolution of Libya Montes and northern Tyrrhena Terra at 1:1M scale using both classical geomorphological and compositional mapping techniques. The funded quadrangles are MTMs 00282, -05282, -10282, 00277, -05277, and -10277.

Valores-trabalho e preços de produção em sistemas econômicos sraffianos com terra homogênea

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Rodolfo Hoffmann

2001-03-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa a determinação dos valores-trabalho e da mais-valia em um modelo econômico sraffiano-marxista com terra homogênea e escassa. O mesmo modelo analisa a determinação dos preços de produção, da taxa de lucro e da renda da terra. Uma das conclusões é que a existência de mais-valia positiva não é condição suficiente para lucros positivos.This paper analyses the determination of labour values and surplus-value in a Sraffian-Marxist economic model with homogenous and scarce land. The determination of production prices, profit rate and land rent is also analysed. One of the conclusions is that positive surplus value is not a sufficient condition for positive profits.

Comparison of CERES Cloud Properties Derived from Aqua and Terra MODIS Data and TRMM VIRS Radiances

Science.gov (United States)

Minnis, P.; Young, D. F.; Sun-Mack, S.; Trepte, Q. Z.; Chen, Y.; Heck, P. W.; Wielicki, B. A.

2003-12-01

The Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Project is obtaining Earth radiation budget measurements of unprecedented accuracy as a result of improved instruments and an analysis system that combines simultaneous, high-resolution cloud property retrievals with the broadband radiance data. The cloud properties are derived from three different satellite imagers: the Visible Infrared Scanner (VIRS) on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) on the Aqua and Terra satellites. A single set of consistent algorithms using the 0.65, 1.6 or 2.1, 3.7, 10.8, and 12.0-æm channels are applied to all three imagers. The cloud properties include, cloud coverage, height, thickness, temperature, optical depth, phase, effective particle size, and liquid or ice water path. Because each satellite is in a different orbit, the results provide information on the diurnal cycle of cloud properties. Initial intercalibrations show excellent consistency between the three images except for some differences of ~ 1K between the 3.7-æm channel on Terra and those on VIRS and Aqua. The derived cloud properties are consistent with the known diurnal characteristics of clouds in different areas. These datasets should be valuable for exploring the role of clouds in the radiation budget and hydrological cycle.

A paradigm for operant conditioning in blow flies (Phormia terrae novae Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830).

Science.gov (United States)

Sokolowski, Michel B C; Disma, Gérald; Abramson, Charles I

2010-01-01

An operant conditioning situation for the blow fly (Protophormia terrae novae) is described. Individual flies are trained to enter and reenter a hole as the operant response. Only a few sessions of contingent reinforcement are required to increase response rates. When the response is no longer followed by food, the rate of entering the hole decreases. Control procedures revealed that rate of responding is not a simple overall result of feeding or of aging. The flies entered into the hole only if the response was required to obtain the food.

Emplacement of Widespread Fe/Mg Phyllosilicate Layer in West Margaritifer Terra, Mars

Science.gov (United States)

Seelos, K. D.; Maxwell, R. E.; Seelos, F. P.; Buczkowski, D.; Viviano-Beck, C. E.

2017-12-01

West Margaritifer Terra is located at the eastern end of Valles Marineris at the complex intersection of chaos terrains, cratered highlands, and multiple generations of outflow channels. Adjacent regions host layered phyllosilicates thought to indicate early Mars pedogenic and/or ground water-based alteration (e.g., Le Deit et al., 2012), and indeed, hydrologic modeling supports prolonged aqueous activity in the Noachian and Hesperian eras (Andrews-Hanna and Lewis, 2011). The remnant high-standing plateaus in West Margaritifer (0-15°S, 325-345°E) host numerous phyllosilicate-bearing outcrops as well and are the focus of this study. Here, we performed a systematic mapping and characterization of mineralogy and morphology of these deposits in order to assess similarity to other layered phyllosilicates and evaluate potential formation mechanisms. Utilizing multiple remote sensing datasets, we identified three types of phyllosilicate exposures distributed throughout the region: 1) along upper chaos fracture walls, 2) in erosional windows on the plains, and 3) in crater walls and ejecta. Outcrops are spectrally indicative of Fe/Mg smectite (most similar to saponite) and only rare, isolated occurrences of Al-phyllosilicate were observed. Morphologically, the layer is a few to 10 m thick, light-toned, polygonally fractured at decameter scales, and vertical subparallel banding is evident in places. These characteristics were used along with spatial distribution, elevation, and geologic context to evaluate 4 potential formation mechanisms: fluvio-lacustrine, pedogenesis, diagenesis, and hydrothermal alteration. We find that the widespread distribution and spectral homogeneity of the layer favors formation via groundwater alteration and/or pedogenic weathering. This is consistent with interpretations of similar layered phyllosilicates in NW Noachis Terra and the Valles Marineris plains to the west, and significantly extends the area over which these aqueous processes

[Terra Mariana 1186-1888 : albums un komentāri] / Kristīne Ante, Reinis Norkārkls

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ante, Kristīne, 1977-

2015-01-01

Arvustus: Terra Mariana 1186-1888 : albums un komentāri = Album und Kommentare = album and comments = album i komentarze = album ja kommentaarid. 2 Bde.Hrsg. von Latvijas Nacionālā bibliotēka in Verbindung mit der Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana. Wiss. Redaktion von Andris Lewans in Zusammenarbeit mit Henrichs Soms, Andris Vilks u.a. (Codices e Vaticanis selecti. Series minor, 16.) Modena 2013

COSMO-skymed, TerraSAR-X, and RADARSAT-2 geolocation accuracy after compensation for earth-system effects

OpenAIRE

Schubert, Adrian; Small, David; Jehle, Michael; Meier, Erich

2012-01-01

A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensor with high geolocation accuracy greatly simplifies the task of combining multiple data takes within a common geodetic reference system or Geographic Information System (GIS), and is a critical enabler for many applications such as near-real-time disaster mapping. In this study, the geolocation accuracy was estimated using the same methodology for products from three SAR sensors: TerraSAR-X (two identical satellites), COSMO-SkyMed (four identical satellit...

UAVSAR and TerraSAR-X Based InSAR Detection of Localized Subsidence in the New Orleans Area

Science.gov (United States)

Blom, R. G.; An, K.; Jones, C. E.; Latini, D.

2014-12-01

Vulnerability of the US Gulf coast to inundation has received increased attention since hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Compounding effects of sea level rise, wetland loss, and regional and local subsidence makes flood protection a difficult challenge, and particularly for the New Orleans area. Key to flood protection is precise knowledge of elevations and elevation changes. Analysis of historical and continuing geodetic measurements show surprising complexity, including locations subsiding more rapidly than considered during planning of hurricane protection and coastal restoration projects. Combining traditional, precise geodetic data with interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) observations can provide geographically dense constraints on surface deformation. The Gulf Coast environment is challenging for InSAR techniques, especially with systems not designed for interferometry. We use two InSAR capable systems, the L- band (24 cm wavelength) airborne JPL/NASA UAVSAR, and the DLR/EADS Astrium spaceborne TerraSAR X-band (3 cm wavelength), and compare results. First, we are applying pair-wise InSAR to the longer wavelength UAVSAR data to detect localized elevation changes potentially impacting flood protection infrastructure from 2009 - 2014. We focus on areas on and near flood protection infrastructure to identify changes indicative of subsidence, structural deformation, and/or seepage. The Spaceborne TerraSAR X-band SAR system has relatively frequent observations, and dense persistent scatterers in urban areas, enabling measurement of very small displacements. We compare L-band UAVSAR results with permanent scatterer (PS-InSAR) and Short Baseline Subsets (SBAS) interferometric analyses of a stack composed by 28 TerraSAR X-band images acquired over the same period. Thus we can evaluate results from the different radar frequencies and analyses techniques. Preliminary results indicate subsidence features potentially of a variety of causes, including ground water

Species of Philometra (Nematoda, Philometridae from fishes off the Mediterranean coast of Africa, with a description of Philometra rara n. sp. from Hyporthodus haifensis and a molecular analysis of Philometra saltatrix from Pomatomus saltatrix

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Moravec František

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Two gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda, Philometridae were recorded for the first time from marine perciform fishes off Tunisia and Libya: Philometra rara n. sp. from the rare, deep-water Haifa grouper Hyporthodus haifensis (Serranidae off Libya and Philometra saltatrix Ramachandran, 1973 from the bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix (Pomatomidae off Tunisia. Identification of both fish species was confirmed by molecular barcoding. Light and scanning electron microscope studies of Ph. rara n. sp. showed that it is characterized by the length of spicules (216–219 μm and the gubernaculum (90–93 μm, the gubernaculum/spicules length ratio (1:2.32–2.43, and mainly by the shape and structure of the distal end of the gubernaculum (shovel-shaped with a wide median smooth field in dorsal view, appearing as having a dorsal protuberance in lateral view, and by the structure of the male caudal mound (dorsally interrupted; large subgravid females (70–137 mm long are characterized by the presence of four oval submedian cephalic elevations, each of them bearing a pair of cephalic papillae of the outer circle. The finding of Ph. saltatrix off Tunisia confirms that this species is widespread throughout the Mediterranean region. A molecular analysis of our Ph. saltatrix specimens and other available philometrid cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI sequences showed that most species have robust clades. Sequences of Ph. saltatrix from Tunisia diverge from Ph. saltatrix from Brazil and the USA, suggesting that speciation is currently occurring between populations from both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.

Combining vegetation index and model inversion methods for theextraction of key vegetation biophysical parameters using Terra and Aqua MODIS reflectance data

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Houborg, Rasmus Møller; Søgaard, Henrik; Bøgh, Eva

2007-01-01

for the inversion of a canopy reflectance model using Terra and Aqua MODIS multi-spectral, multi-temporal, and multi-angle reflectance observations to aid the determination of vegetation-specific physiological and structural canopy parameters. Land cover and site-specific inversion modeling was applied...

Geothermomicrobium terrae gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Thermoactinomycetaceae.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, En-Min; Yu, Tian-Tian; Liu, Lan; Ming, Hong; Yin, Yi-Rui; Dong, Lei; Tseng, Min; Nie, Guo-Xing; Li, Wen-Jun

2014-09-01

Strains YIM 77562(T) and YIM 77580, two novel Gram-staining-positive, filamentous bacterial isolates, were recovered from the Rehai geothermal field, Tengchong, Yunnan province, south-west China. Good growth was observed at 50-55 °C and pH 7.0. Aerial mycelium was absent on all media tested. Substrate mycelium was well-developed, long and moderately flexuous, and formed abundant, single, warty, ornamented endospores. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two strains indicated that they belong to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae. Similarity levels between the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two strains and those of type strains of members of the Thermoactinomycetaceae were 88.33-93.24 %; the highest sequence similarity was with Hazenella coriacea DSM 45707(T). In both strains, the predominant menaquinone was MK-7, the diagnostic diamino acid was meso-diaminopimelic acid and the major cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, unidentified polar lipids and unidentified phospholipids. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains YIM 77562(T) and YIM 77580 were 45.5 and 44.2 mol%, respectively. DNA-DNA relatedness data suggest that the two isolates represent a single species. Based on phylogenetic analyses and physiological and biochemical characteristics, it is proposed that the two strains represent a single novel species in a new genus, Geothermomicrobium terrae gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Geothermomicrobium terrae is YIM 77562(T) ( = CCTCC AA 2011022(T) = JCM 18057(T)). © 2014 IUMS.

Rochas-mater da "terra roxa"

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M. Gutmans

1943-09-01

Full Text Available Physico-chemical and mineralogical studies of the soils of the São Paulo State by the Soil Division of The Agronomical Institute proved the existence of different violet soils in South-Brasil and its origin from basaltic rocks. The Brasilian denomination "terra roxa" is already many times translated to "red soil", which is inexact, because the colour "roxa" corresponds to "violet" in English. We must insist on the perfection of Brasilian expression, which gives the shortest and the best characteristic of the true violet soil, derived through the decomposition of basalts and diabases in the São Paulo State. The term "red soil" originated much confusion, because there are in this state many "red soils" of different origins, but the true violet soil is quite unique. The violet colour of this soil appears very beautifully on the clean fields above the diabase hills at the distance of some hundreds of meters. In the state of complete dryness the violet soil becomes coffee brown, but never gets a red colour. The violet soil is the best soil of South America, on the contrary the red soils, which are mostly lateritic, are bad soils. Some exceptions, do exist, of course. The basalts produce laterites and other red soils of better qualities. With the purpose to contribute to the study of the violet and the red soils the present essay was made, describing the basic rocks of South-Brasil, as mother rocks of soils. The basic monograph of Djalma Guimarães "Magmatic Province of South-Brasil" (5, many times mentioned in the petrographic literature, definitively established the principal types and the mineral-components of triassic basic rocks in South-Brasil. We have found some varieties of basic rocks, not ye

The Role of Hydrophobicity and Surface Receptors at Hyphae of Lyophyllum sp. Strain Karsten in the Interaction with Burkholderia terrae BS001 – Implications for Interactions in Soil

Science.gov (United States)

Vila, Taissa; Nazir, Rashid; Rozental, Sonia; dos Santos, Giulia M. P.; Calixto, Renata O. R.; Barreto-Bergter, Eliana; Wick, Lukas Y.; van Elsas, Jan Dirk

2016-01-01

The soil bacterium Burkholderia terrae strain BS001 can interact with varying soil fungi, using mechanisms that range from the utilization of carbon/energy sources such as glycerol to the ability to reach novel territories in soil via co-migration with growing fungal mycelia. Here, we investigate the intrinsic properties of the B. terrae BS001 interaction with the basidiomycetous soil fungus Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten. In some experiments, the ascomycetous Trichoderma asperellum 302 was also used. The hyphae of Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten were largely hydrophilic on water-containing media versus hydrophobic when aerial, as evidenced by contact angle analyses (CA). Co-migration of B. terrae strain BS001 cells with the hyphae of the two fungi occurred preferentially along the - presumably hydrophilic - soil-dwelling hyphae, whereas aerial hyphae did not allow efficient migration, due to reduced thickness of their surrounding mucous films. Moreover, the cell numbers over the length of the hyphae in soil showed an uneven distribution, i.e., the CFU numbers increased from minima at the inoculation point to maximal numbers in the middle of the extended hyphae, then decreasing toward the terminal side. Microscopic analyses of the strain BS001 associations with the Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten hyphae in the microcosms confirmed the presence of B. terrae BS001 cells on the mucous matter that was present at the hyphal surfaces of the fungi used. Cell agglomerates were found to accumulate at defined sites on the hyphal surfaces, which were coined ‘fungal-interactive’ hot spots. Evidence was further obtained for the contention that receptors for a physical bacterium-fungus interaction occur at the Lyophyllum sp. strain Karsten hyphal surface, in which the specific glycosphingolipid ceramide monohexoside (CMH) plays an important role. Thus, bacterial adherence may be mediated by heterogeneously distributed fungal-specific receptors, implying the CMH moieties. This

ANÁLISE DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DAS TERRAS DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIBEIRÃO BORÁ (MG

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Beatriz Aparecida Bessa Florêncio

2011-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do artigo é propor o uso racional das terras da BHRB, a partir de sua dinâmica hidrológica, e cruzamento das informações sobre uso da terra e cobertura vegetal com a declividade. A BHRB localiza-se em Minas Gerais, na mesorregião do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba, zona UTM 23, Meridiano Central 45º Oeste de Greenwich, entre as coordenadas 228000 - 264000mE e 7816000 - 7788000mN. Foram utilizados imagem do satélite ETM+/Landsat 5, (agosto de 2009, bandas 3G 4R 7B; base cartográfica digitalizada a partir das cartas topográficas de Sacramento e Uberaba (1:100.000; dados MDE/SRTM; cálculos morfométricos; e dados de vazão obtidos pela estação fluviométrica da ANA (1996-2006. Os índices morfométricos de sinuosidade (1,86 e declividade média (10,86% revelam que a bacia não apresenta tendências para ocorrência de enchentes. O cálculo de vazão específica média confirma que existe em média um volume de água na ordem de 32.187,62 m³/h; valor suficiente para suprir ao longo do ano, as atividades econômicas e necessidades humanas na bacia. Em relação à declividade e uso da terra, verificou-se que a maior parte da bacia possui declives entre 3 e 8% (58%, significando que a área possui inclinações favoráveis às práticas agropastoris.

Characterizing post-drainage succession in Thermokarst Lake Basins on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska with TerraSAR-X Backscatter and Landsat-based NDVI data

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Regmi, Prajna; Grosse, Guido; Jones, Miriam C.; Jones, Benjamin M.; Walter Anthony, Katey

2012-01-01

Drained thermokarst lake basins accumulate significant amounts of soil organic carbon in the form of peat, which is of interest to understanding carbon cycling and climate change feedbacks associated with thermokarst in the Arctic. Remote sensing is a tool useful for understanding temporal and spatial dynamics of drained basins. In this study, we tested the application of high-resolution X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data of the German TerraSAR-X satellite from the 2009 growing season (July–September) for characterizing drained thermokarst lake basins of various age in the ice-rich permafrost region of the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska. To enhance interpretation of patterns identified in X-band SAR for these basins, we also analyzed the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculated from a Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper image acquired on July 2009 and compared both X-band SAR and NDVI data with observations of basin age. We found significant logarithmic relationships between (a) TerraSAR-X backscatter and basin age from 0 to 10,000 years, (b) Landat-5 TM NDVI and basin age from 0 to 10,000 years, and (c) TerraSAR-X backscatter and basin age from 50 to 10,000 years. NDVI was a better indicator of basin age over a period of 0–10,000 years. However, TerraSAR-X data performed much better for discriminating radiocarbon-dated basins (50–10,000 years old). No clear relationships were found for either backscatter or NDVI and basin age from 0 to 50 years. We attribute the decreasing trend of backscatter and NDVI with increasing basin age to post-drainage changes in the basin surface. Such changes include succession in vegetation, soils, hydrology, and renewed permafrost aggradation, ground ice accumulation and localized frost heave. Results of this study show the potential application of X-band SAR data in combination with NDVI data to map long-term succession dynamics of drained thermokarst lake basins.

Characterizing Post-Drainage Succession in Thermokarst Lake Basins on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska with TerraSAR-X Backscatter and Landsat-based NDVI Data

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Prajna Regmi

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Drained thermokarst lake basins accumulate significant amounts of soil organic carbon in the form of peat, which is of interest to understanding carbon cycling and climate change feedbacks associated with thermokarst in the Arctic. Remote sensing is a tool useful for understanding temporal and spatial dynamics of drained basins. In this study, we tested the application of high-resolution X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR data of the German TerraSAR-X satellite from the 2009 growing season (July–September for characterizing drained thermokarst lake basins of various age in the ice-rich permafrost region of the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska. To enhance interpretation of patterns identified in X-band SAR for these basins, we also analyzed the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI calculated from a Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper image acquired on July 2009 and compared both X-band SAR and NDVI data with observations of basin age. We found significant logarithmic relationships between (a TerraSAR-X backscatter and basin age from 0 to 10,000 years, (b Landat-5 TM NDVI and basin age from 0 to 10,000 years, and (c TerraSAR-X backscatter and basin age from 50 to 10,000 years. NDVI was a better indicator of basin age over a period of 0–10,000 years. However, TerraSAR-X data performed much better for discriminating radiocarbon-dated basins (50–10,000 years old. No clear relationships were found for either backscatter or NDVI and basin age from 0 to 50 years. We attribute the decreasing trend of backscatter and NDVI with increasing basin age to post-drainage changes in the basin surface. Such changes include succession in vegetation, soils, hydrology, and renewed permafrost aggradation, ground ice accumulation and localized frost heave. Results of this study show the potential application of X-band SAR data in combination with NDVI data to map long-term succession dynamics of drained thermokarst lake basins.

Risco de salinização das terras do baixo Acaraú (CE)

OpenAIRE

Lydia Helena da Silva de Oliveira Mota; Andréa da Silva Gomes; Gustavo Souza Valladares; Regina Maria Fontenele Magalhães; Hugo Mota Ferreira Leite; Tibério Almeida da Silva

2012-01-01

Em determinadas condições de relevo, do clima e de uso, com certa frequência pode acontecer acúmulo de sais nos solos, dando lugar à formação dos solos salinos e sódicos - também denominados de solos afetados por sais. A fim de orientar as práticas de manejo e uso das terras da região do Baixo Acaraú, CE, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho gerar um mapa de risco de salinização. Para obtenção das classes de vulnerabilidade, foram avaliados os temas pedologia, geologia, geomorfologia e uso e ...

As vozes da mímica pós-colonial em Terra Papagalli

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Jacimara Vieira dos Santos

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper draws on the studies undertaken in the area of cultural studies, inparticular,Homi Bhabha‟s formulations, to propose an analysis of the BraziliannovelTerra Papagalli(by José Roberto Torero and Marcus Aurelius Pimenta,showing how the narrative dismounts historical reality, to explore other angles; and shifts the focus to the imaginary construction that involves revisiting theDiscoveries. Thus, contrary to expectations, revealing paradoxes such as thosewhich tend to increase civic and commemorative urges that liveantagonistically, with anti-establishment thoughts that questionthe internalconnections of these developments, articulating, through mimetic resources,other voices and their critic repetitions of contested models and references.

Torta de mamona no controle da broca-do-rizoma (Cosmopolites sordidus em bananeira-Terra

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Leila Cristina Rosa de Lins

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da torta de mamona sobre a infestação por Cosmopolites sordidus e o desenvolvimento de mudas de bananeira cultivar Terra. Avaliaram-se diferentes dosagens da torta de mamona (0 g, 12 g, 15 g, 18 g e 24 g aplicadas a cada dois meses, a partir do plantio em mudas de bananeira dispostas num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com dez repetições. Avaliou-se a evolução vegetativa das mudas pela altura da planta, pelo diâmetro do pseudocaule e pelo número de folhas verdes. Efetuou-se a infestação das plantas com 25 adultos de C. sordidus em cada muda. Os danos causados foram avaliados por meio da percentagem de galerias no rizoma, número de adultos vivos e mortos, número de larvas e número de pupas. Determinou-se também o efeito dos tratamentos sobre o valor de absorbância relativo ao teor de clorofila nas folhas por meio do uso de um clorofilômetro. Observou-se baixa infestação da broca-do-rizoma nas mudas tratadas com a torta de mamona. O crescimento e a absorbância foram afetados positivamente pela aplicação da torta de mamona. Assim, a torta de mamona reduz a população de C. sordidus nos rizomas de bananeira cv. Terra, favorece o crescimento das plantas e aumenta o valor de absorbância.

Utilização do sistema de avaliação do potencial de uso urbano das terras no diagnóstico ambiental do município de Santa Maria - RS

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Pedron Fabrício de Araújo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available A expansão urbana acelerada tem provocado diversos impactos negativos ao ambiente. A necessidade de novas metodologias que permitam um planejamento mais adequado dos recursos naturais é cada dia mais evidente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um diagnóstico ambiental em áreas urbanas de Santa Maria - RS, determinando-se os conflitos de uso das terras através, do Sistema de Avaliação do Potencial de Uso Urbano das Terras (SAPUT. Foram utilizados produtos e técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento de imagens. Os problemas de uso indevido das terras identificados estão relacionados com a fragilidade do material geológico e do recurso solo. Até 33% da área vem apresentando utilização acima do seu potencial devido ao seu uso inadequado para construções e agricultura urbana.

Bioindicator and fish health studies around the Terra Nova oil development site on the Grand Banks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mathieu, A.; Hanlon, J.; Melvin, W.; French, B. [Oceans Ltd., St. John' s, NL (Canada); DeBlois, E. [Elisabeth DeBlois Inc., St. John' s, NL (Canada); Williams, U.; Wight, F.; Janes, G. [Petro-Canada, St. John' s, NL (Canada)

2009-07-01

Bioindicators or health effect indicators can be a valuable reconnaissance tool for addressing concerns on the part of the fishing industry and public interests regarding any potential impacts of pollutants on fish stocks. American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides) was initially chosen by the oil industry as an indicator species for Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) programs in the Grand Banks of Newfoundland because it is an important commercial flatfish. This presentation reported on fish health studies carried out at the Terra Nova development site before and after release of produced waters, which began in 2003. These studies represented 1 component of the overall Terra Nova EEM program. Fish were collected near the development area and in a reference area 20 km away. A broad range of health effect indicators were studied, including fish condition, visible skin and organ lesions, levels of mixed-function oxygenase (MFO) enzymes, haematology and an array of 19 histopathological indices in liver and gills. These indicators have been widely used in laboratory and field investigations with various fish species. A slight elevation of MFO enzyme activity was observed in fish from the development area in 2002, before release of produced water. In 2006, other indices were similar between the development and reference area. It was concluded that the overall results do not indicate any project effects.

GHRSST Level 2P Global Skin Sea Surface Temperature from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the NASA Terra satellite (GDS version 1)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is a scientific instrument (radiometer) launched by NASA in 1999 on board the Terra satellite platform (a...

Stars come down to Earth As estrelas descem à Terra

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Luiz Marcelo Brandão Carneiro

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Stars come down to Earth — A little known essay by Theodor W. Adorno, Stars Come Down to Earth is a study about horoscopes and superstition, written in the form of an analysis for the astrology column of the Los Angeles Times in the early 1950s. The German philosopher points out that the texts offered to the reader are an amalgam of the rational and the irrational, revealing the frankly ideological meanderings of their object. Obra não muito conhecida de Theodor W. Adorno, As estrelas descem à Terra é um estudo sobre horóscopo e superstição, originalmente dirigido à coluna de astrologia do Los Angeles Times do início dos anos 1950. O filósofo alemão, pontuando os textos oferecidos aos leitores como um mistura entre o racional e o irracional, revela os meandros do caráter francamente ideológico de seu objeto.

Expressway deformation mapping using high-resolution TerraSAR-X images

KAUST Repository

Shi, Xuguo

2014-01-27

Monitoring deformation of linear infrastructures such as expressway and railway caused by natural processes or anthropogenic activities is a vital task to ensure the safety of human lives and properties. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) has been widely recognized as an effective technology to carry out large-area surface deformation mapping. However, its application in linear infrastructure deformation monitoring has not been intensively studied till now. In this article, a modified Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) method is proposed to retrieve the deformation patterns of the expressway. In our method, only the point-like targets identified on the expressway were kept in our analysis, and two complementary subsets of interferograms were formed to better separate the signals of height error and deformation from inteferometric phase observations. We successfully applied this method with multitemporal high-resolution TerraSAR-X images to retrieve the spatialoral pattern of surface deformation along the Beian-Heihe expressway that is located in island-permafrost areas and threatened by geohazards. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.

Expressway deformation mapping using high-resolution TerraSAR-X images

KAUST Repository

Shi, Xuguo; Liao, Mingsheng; Wang, Teng; Zhang, Lu; Shan, Wei; Wang, Chunjiao

2014-01-01

Monitoring deformation of linear infrastructures such as expressway and railway caused by natural processes or anthropogenic activities is a vital task to ensure the safety of human lives and properties. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) has been widely recognized as an effective technology to carry out large-area surface deformation mapping. However, its application in linear infrastructure deformation monitoring has not been intensively studied till now. In this article, a modified Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) method is proposed to retrieve the deformation patterns of the expressway. In our method, only the point-like targets identified on the expressway were kept in our analysis, and two complementary subsets of interferograms were formed to better separate the signals of height error and deformation from inteferometric phase observations. We successfully applied this method with multitemporal high-resolution TerraSAR-X images to retrieve the spatialoral pattern of surface deformation along the Beian-Heihe expressway that is located in island-permafrost areas and threatened by geohazards. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.

High resolution geomagnetic field observations at Terra Nova bay, Antarctica

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P. Palangio

1996-06-01

Full Text Available he preliminary results obtained from the analysis in the micropulsation frequency range of high time resolution magnetic field data recorded at the Antarctic Italian geomagnetic observatory at Terra Nova Bay for 11 consecutive days in February 1994 are reported. The spectral index over the whole Pcl-Pc5 frequency range is of the order of 3.5 and its value significantly increases beyond about 50 mHz. Spectral peaks in the Pc3 frequency range are common, especially during the daytime hours, and are probably due to the direct penetration of upstream waves in the cusp region. From the local time distribution of the micro pulsation power, a signifi - cant activity enhancement around the local magnetic noon emerges, in agreement with previous observations. The analysis of the signal polarisation characteristics in the horizontal plane shows a predominant CW polarisation in the Pcl-Pc3 frequency ranges with the major axis of the polarisation ellipse in the first quadrant.

Compositional analysis of Hispanic Terra Sigillata by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez, A.J.; Nicolas, G.; Mateo, M.P.; Pinon, V.; Tobar, M.J.; Ramil, A.

2005-01-01

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been applied for the analysis of Roman pottery Hispanic Terra Sigillata dating back to the 1st-5th century A.C. from two important ceramic production centers in Spain. For each sample, several examinations were performed on slip and body providing data necessary to draw depth profiles of the contents of various elements. In all the cases investigated, the amount of some elements such as calcium and iron and the presence of other ones such as silicon and aluminum showed the differences existing between slip and body in these ancient ceramics in relation with their region and period of production. In addition, complementary analyses were carried out with scanning electron microscopy linked with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM/EDX) to measure the thickness of slip and to obtain verification of chemical results

Preservação do patrimônio arqueológico em terras indígenas

OpenAIRE

Robrahn-González, Erika; Migliacio, Maria Clara

2015-01-01

Este artigo apresenta o resultado do trabalho desenvolvido durante o “I Seminário Internacional de Gestão do Patrimônio Arqueológico Pan-Amazônico”, promovido em novembro/2007 pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN) na cidade de Manaus/ AM, mais especificamente, na Sessão Temática intitulada “Preservação do Patrimônio Arqueológico em Terras Indígenas”.

BOOK REVIEW: European Perceptions of Terra Australis

Science.gov (United States)

Sterken, Christiaan

2012-12-01

Terra Australis - the southern land - has been one of the most widespread concepts in European geography from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. This book comprises a set of 14 interdisciplinary scholarly contributions that deal with personal perceptions of Terra Australis by cartographers and explorers, and with putting these perceptions in their historical and cultural environments. This book seems, at a first glance, to be very remote from astronomy - and even from the history of astronomy - however, as it also offers an excellent background to Captain James Cook's second voyage to observe the 1769 transit of Venus from Tahiti, it definitely is a work of truly interdisciplinary character. Cook's voyages, in fact, became a model in which key scientists of many nationalities and disciplines traveled together on ships. In these voyages, art, science, technology and political power were centralised and united. The chapters range across history, the visual arts, literature, popular culture, technology, politics and science. Issues of scientific reasoning are raised in the description of how people did think about the south before there even existed a perception of the unknown land - quite comparable to how ancient and early-modern astronomers had their thought about cosmology even before any observational data were available. Several early map systems - like the zonal and T-O maps (medieval world maps with the letter T inside an O representing the lands inside a circle of oceans) - are described, and the description of Roman geography shows the amazing fact that theory and practice were not unified, and existed independently of each other insofar that a real paradox between theory and observation had persisted for a very long time. The maps and charts also exemplify the long-lasting consequences of early modern copy-paste practice: navigators copied original sketch charts of coasts that were previously unknown to them, herewith committing many translation and

O direito à terra como um direito humano: a luta pela reforma agrária e o movimento de direitos humanos no Brasil

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Rossana Rocha Reis

2012-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste texto é analisar, por meio da história recente dos movimentos sociais que lutam pela reforma agrária no Brasil, a construção do direito à terra como um direito humano. A partir dos anos de 1970, a interação de movimentos camponeses da Igreja Católica progressista e da rede transnacional de direitos humanos confluiu na produção dessa ideia da posse da terra como um direito humano, que marcou não apenas a luta pela terra no Brasil, como também influenciou a forma como o próprio movimento de direitos humanos foi construído no país e na maneira como ele se inseriu nessa rede transnacional de ativistas.This article seeks to analyze, within the recent history of social movements that struggle for agrarian reform in Brazil today, the build of the land rights as a human right. Since the 1970s, the interaction between peasant movements, the progressive church and the transnational network of human rights has converged into this idea that the land rights are a human right, which not only has marked the character of the struggle for land in Brazil, but has also influenced the way in which the human rights movement has been constructed in the country and how it has taken its place within the transnational network of human rights activism.

GEOPROCESSAMENTO APLICADO A ANÁLISE INTEGRADA DO USO DA TERRA E QUALIDADE DE ÁGUA NA MICROBACIA DO RIO PRETO – RONDÔNIA

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JOIADA MOREIRA DA SILVA

2010-08-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar as mudanças no uso da terra e seus efeitos na qualidade da água na microbacia do rio Preto - RO. Esta foi escolhida por ser uma área de projetos de assentamento para colonos, o que viabilizou o processo de ocupação do estado de Rondônia. A metodologia foi dividida em três etapas: preparação da base cartográfica e processamento digital de imagens de satélite, atividade de campo com aplicação de formulário sobre o uso da terra e coleta de amostras de água, e integração das informações através de Sistema de Informação Geográfica - SIG. Na área sobre influência da agricultura cafeeira a concentração de OD foi 1,61 mg/l, a temperatura de 27,5º C, pH entre 4,4 e 4,7 e média de condutividade 15,8 S25/cm. Foi constatado mudança no uso da terra, que está relacionada ao desenvolvimento econômico recente e histórico de colonização. Como consequência trechos de rios apresentam padrão de qualidade de água inferior ao recomendado pela legislação CONAMA Nº 357/2005.

Ecumenismo y comunismo. Paralelismos y diferencias de las trayectorias de militancia en los autores de la Revista Paz e Terra (Brasil, 1966-1969

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Alejandro Paredes

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Durante la segunda mitad de la década de 1960, la revista Paz e Terra fue el centro de los debates del movimiento ecuménico brasileño y tuvo fuertes lazos con el Consejo Mundial de Iglesias y el Partido Comunista Brasileño. Este trabajo estudia los temas importantes y las trayectorias políticas y religiosas de los principales autores de la revista. Con respecto a la metodología, se analizaron todos los números de Paz e Terra (1966- 1969 y numerosas fuentes periódicas (entrevistas, obituarios, etcétera para reconstruir las biografías de los autores. En primer lugar se hizo un análisis de contenido de la revista: se realizó una descripción cualitativa de los números y se usaron nubes de palabras con cada índice. Posteriormente se utilizó el método sociocéntrico del Análisis de Redes Sociales, sumado a un estudio prosopográfico para obtener paralelismos de militancia. Nuestra hipótesis es que en ese contexto (Brasil, 1966-1969, las trayectorias de militancia de comunistas y ecumenistas que publicaron en Paz e Terra presentaron paralelismos (como el humanismo, la persecución política, la formación académica que les permitió encontrarse en un espacio de debate en común.

TerraFERMA: Harnessing Advanced Computational Libraries in Earth Science

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, C. R.; Spiegelman, M.; van Keken, P.

2012-12-01

Many important problems in Earth sciences can be described by non-linear coupled systems of partial differential equations. These "multi-physics" problems include thermo-chemical convection in Earth and planetary interiors, interactions of fluids and magmas with the Earth's mantle and crust and coupled flow of water and ice. These problems are of interest to a large community of researchers but are complicated to model and understand. Much of this complexity stems from the nature of multi-physics where small changes in the coupling between variables or constitutive relations can lead to radical changes in behavior, which in turn affect critical computational choices such as discretizations, solvers and preconditioners. To make progress in understanding such coupled systems requires a computational framework where multi-physics problems can be described at a high-level while maintaining the flexibility to easily modify the solution algorithm. Fortunately, recent advances in computational science provide a basis for implementing such a framework. Here we present the Transparent Finite Element Rapid Model Assembler (TerraFERMA), which leverages several advanced open-source libraries for core functionality. FEniCS (fenicsproject.org) provides a high level language for describing the weak forms of coupled systems of equations, and an automatic code generator that produces finite element assembly code. PETSc (www.mcs.anl.gov/petsc) provides a wide range of scalable linear and non-linear solvers that can be composed into effective multi-physics preconditioners. SPuD (amcg.ese.ic.ac.uk/Spud) is an application neutral options system that provides both human and machine-readable interfaces based on a single xml schema. Our software integrates these libraries and provides the user with a framework for exploring multi-physics problems. A single options file fully describes the problem, including all equations, coefficients and solver options. Custom compiled applications are

A aptidão de uso da terra como base para o planejamento da utilização dos recursos naturais no município de São João do Polêsine - RS

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Pedron Fabrício de Araújo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available A falta de conhecimento da aptidão de uso da terra e do planejamento adequado da sua utilização tem sido fato freqüente ocasionando impactos negativos ao meio ambiente. Neste sentido, os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar a aptidão de uso, uso atual e os conflitos de uso da terra, visando contribuir para o planejamento racional dos recursos naturais no município de São João do Polêsine (SJP, RS. A análise ambiental foi efetuada através da integração de diferentes planos de informações como solos, relevo, hidrografia, aptidão agrícola, uso das terras e áreas de preservação permanente (APP. SJP apresenta mais de 50% de sua área destinada a atividades agropecuárias, 14,8% do município enquadra-se como APP, sendo a metade dessa área utilizada inadequadamente. Os principais problemas relacionam-se com a utilização inadequada dos seus recursos naturais, sem considerar a legislação ambiental e a aptidão das terras no processo de planejamento.

Disseny de calefacció amb terra radiant d'una casa a l'horta de Lleida mitjançant energia geotèrmica

OpenAIRE

Fillat Sobrino, Jordi

2008-01-01

S'ha realitzat el disseny de calefacció d'una vivenda mitjançant energia geotèrmica de baixa temperatura, amb un bescanviador vertical de 80 m de profunditat. El sistema de calefacció és de terra radiant en forma d'espiral.

Analysis of the Electronic Crosstalk Effect in Terra MODIS Long-Wave Infrared Photovoltaic Bands Using Lunar Images

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, Truman; Wu, Aisheng; Wang, Zhipeng; Xiong, Xiaoxiong

2016-01-01

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is one of the key sensors among the suite of remote sensing instruments on board the Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua spacecrafts. For each MODIS spectral band, the sensor degradation has been measured using a set of on-board calibrators. MODIS also uses lunar observations from nearly monthly spacecraft maneuvers, which bring the Moon into view through the space-view port, helping to characterize the scan mirror degradation at a different angles of incidence. Throughout the Terra mission, contamination of the long-wave infrared photovoltaic band (LWIR PV, bands 27-30) signals has been observed in the form of electronic crosstalk, where signal from each of the detectors among the LWIR PV bands can leak to the other detectors, producing a false signal contribution. This contamination has had a noticeable effect on the MODIS science products since 2010 for band 27, and since 2012 for bands 28 and 29. Images of the Moon have been used effectively for determining the contaminating bands, and have also been used to derive correction coefficients for the crosstalk contamination. In this paper, we introduce an updated technique for characterizing the crosstalk contamination among the LWIR PV bands using data from lunar calibration events. This approach takes into account both the in-band and out-of-band contribution to the signal contamination for each detector in bands 27-30, which is not considered in previous works. The crosstalk coefficients can be derived for each lunar calibration event, providing the time dependence of the crosstalk contamination. Application of these coefficients to Earth-view image data results in a significant reduction in image contamination and a correction of the scene radiance for bands 27- 30. Also, this correction shows a significant improvement to certain threshold tests in the MODIS Level-2 Cloud Mask. In this paper, we will detail the methodology used to identify and correct

Assessment of two aerosol optical thickness retrieval algorithms applied to MODIS Aqua and Terra measurements in Europe

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P. Glantz

2012-07-01

Full Text Available The aim of the present study is to validate AOT (aerosol optical thickness and Ångström exponent (α, obtained from MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Aqua and Terra calibrated level 1 data (1 km horizontal resolution at ground with the SAER (Satellite AErosol Retrieval algorithm and with MODIS Collection 5 (c005 standard product retrievals (10 km horizontal resolution, against AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork sun photometer observations over land surfaces in Europe. An inter-comparison of AOT at 0.469 nm obtained with the two algorithms has also been performed. The time periods investigated were chosen to enable a validation of the findings of the two algorithms for a maximal possible variation in sun elevation. The satellite retrievals were also performed with a significant variation in the satellite-viewing geometry, since Aqua and Terra passed the investigation area twice a day for several of the cases analyzed. The validation with AERONET shows that the AOT at 0.469 and 0.555 nm obtained with MODIS c005 is within the expected uncertainty of one standard deviation of the MODIS c005 retrievals (ΔAOT = ± 0.05 ± 0.15 · AOT. The AOT at 0.443 nm retrieved with SAER, but with a much finer spatial resolution, also agreed reasonably well with AERONET measurements. The majority of the SAER AOT values are within the MODIS c005 expected uncertainty range, although somewhat larger average absolute deviation occurs compared to the results obtained with the MODIS c005 algorithm. The discrepancy between AOT from SAER and AERONET is, however, substantially larger for the wavelength 488 nm. This means that the values are, to a larger extent, outside of the expected MODIS uncertainty range. In addition, both satellite retrieval algorithms are unable to estimate α accurately, although the MODIS c005 algorithm performs better. Based on the inter-comparison of the SAER and MODIS c005 algorithms, it was found that SAER on the whole is

Polar cap absorption events of November 2001 at Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica

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L. Perrone

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Polar cap absorption (PCA events recorded during November 2001 are investigated by observations of ionospheric absorption of a 30MHz riometer installed at Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica, and of solar proton flux, monitored by the NOAA-GOES8 satellite in geo-synchronous orbit. During this period three solar proton events (SPE on 4, 19 and 23 November occurred. Two of these are among the dozen most intense events since 1954 and during the current solar cycle (23rd, the event of 4 November shows the greatest proton flux at energies >10MeV. Many factors contribute to the peak intensity of the two SPE biggest events, one is the Coronal Mass Ejection (CME speed, other factors are the ambient population of SPE and the shock front due to the CME. During these events absorption peaks of several dB (~20dB are observed at Terra Nova Bay, tens of minutes after the impact of fast halo CMEs on the geomagnetic field.

Results of a cross-correlation analysis show that the first hour of absorption is mainly produced by 84–500MeV protons in the case of the 4 November event and by 15–44MeV protons for the event of 23 November, whereas in the entire event the contribution to the absorption is due chiefly to 4.2–82MeV (4 November and by 4.2–14.5MeV (23 November. Good agreement is generally obtained between observed and calculated absorption by the empirical flux-absorption relationship for threshold energy E₀=10MeV. From the residuals one can argue that other factors (e.g. X-ray increases and geomagnetic disturbances can contribute to the ionospheric absorption.

Key words. Ionosphere (Polar Ionosphere, Particle precipitation – Solar physics (Flares and mass ejections

Preservação do patrimônio arqueológico em terras indígenas

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Erika Robrahn-González

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta o resultado do trabalho desenvolvido durante o “I Seminário Internacional de Gestão do Patrimônio Arqueológico Pan-Amazônico”, promovido em novembro/2007 pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN na cidade de Manaus/ AM, mais especificamente, na Sessão Temática intitulada “Preservação do Patrimônio Arqueológico em Terras Indígenas”.

Análise das modificações do uso da terra no município de Pinhais - PR (1980-2000 numa perspectiva espaço-temporal utilizando o Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG

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Edmilson Alves LOPES

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho analisou as modificações de uso e ocupação da terra no município de Pinhais-PR, de 1980 a 2000, o que resultou num diagnóstico, possibilitando a identificação das incompatibilidades de uso da terra e a legislação que regulamenta esse uso. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir da metodologia de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, que proporcionou a construção de mapas-síntese de caráter avaliativo quanto à análise quantitativa e qualitativa das modificações de uso e ocupação da terra no município de Pinhais. Com o Sistema de Informação Geográfica elaborou-se o cruzamento dos mapas de uso da terra, obtendo-se um mapa de dinâmica espaço-temporal de uso da terra. Também foram elaborados os cruzamentos dos mapas: Uso da Terra-2000, Zoneamento da UTP de Pinhais e Áreas de Preservação Permanente da Mata Ciliar. Esses cruzamentos proporcionaram a identificação das incompatibilidades entre o tipo de uso da terra e a legislação de uso do solo, o que resulta na identificação das incongruências de uso, áreas críticas e potenciais conflitantes existentes no município neste período. O desenvolvimento desta pesquisa confirmou a hipótese de que a substituição da Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA por uma Unidade Territorial de Planejamento (UTP não melhorou as condições de preservação ambiental no município, apenas legalizou a implantação de loteamentos, desencadeando um processo de urbanização. A substituição da APA por uma UTP foi instituída pela Lei Estadual n.º 12.248/98, que dispõe sobre o Uso e Ocupação do Solo nas Áreas de Proteção. Após a implantação da Unidade Territorial de Planejamento, o município criou a Lei Municipal n.º 346/99, que dispõe sobre o Zoneamento da UTP de Pinhais com a finalidade de reordenar o território. Porém, a modificação desta legislação atendeu apenas aos interesses dos proprietários fundiários e dos agentes imobiliários que estavam

Terra Nova Environmental effects monitoring program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Williams, U.; Murdoch, M.

2000-01-01

Elements of the environmental effects monitoring program in the Terra Nova oil field, about 350 km east-southeast of St. John's, Newfoundland, are described. This oilfield is being developed using a floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) facility. A total of 24 wells are expected to be drilled through seven subsea templates located in four glory holes to protect them from icebergs. Subsea installations will be linked to the FPSO by trenched flowlines connected to flexible risers. The FPSO will offload to shuttle tankers. First oil is expected in 2001. The environmental effects monitoring program will be conducted annually for the first two years beginning in 2000. Subsequent scheduling will be determined after a review of monitoring data collected during the first three years. Input to the design of the monitoring program was provided by all stakeholders, i. e. owners, local public, government agencies and regional and international experts. A model was developed linking project discharges and possible effects to the environment, including marine resources in the area, and the information derived from these activities was used to generate a set of predictions and hypotheses to be tested in the monitoring program. The monitoring program will use two spatial models: a regression or gradient design and a control-impact design. The gradient design will monitor water column and sediment chemistry, sediment toxicity and benthic invertebrate communities. The control-impact design will be used to monitor larger and more mobile fish or shellfish. The evaluated results will serve as the basis for determining impact predictions and to provide information to allow for decisions pertaining to the protection of the marine environment

Visual analytics for semantic queries of TerraSAR-X image content

Science.gov (United States)

Espinoza-Molina, Daniela; Alonso, Kevin; Datcu, Mihai

2015-10-01

With the continuous image product acquisition of satellite missions, the size of the image archives is considerably increasing every day as well as the variety and complexity of their content, surpassing the end-user capacity to analyse and exploit them. Advances in the image retrieval field have contributed to the development of tools for interactive exploration and extraction of the images from huge archives using different parameters like metadata, key-words, and basic image descriptors. Even though we count on more powerful tools for automated image retrieval and data analysis, we still face the problem of understanding and analyzing the results. Thus, a systematic computational analysis of these results is required in order to provide to the end-user a summary of the archive content in comprehensible terms. In this context, visual analytics combines automated analysis with interactive visualizations analysis techniques for an effective understanding, reasoning and decision making on the basis of very large and complex datasets. Moreover, currently several researches are focused on associating the content of the images with semantic definitions for describing the data in a format to be easily understood by the end-user. In this paper, we present our approach for computing visual analytics and semantically querying the TerraSAR-X archive. Our approach is mainly composed of four steps: 1) the generation of a data model that explains the information contained in a TerraSAR-X product. The model is formed by primitive descriptors and metadata entries, 2) the storage of this model in a database system, 3) the semantic definition of the image content based on machine learning algorithms and relevance feedback, and 4) querying the image archive using semantic descriptors as query parameters and computing the statistical analysis of the query results. The experimental results shows that with the help of visual analytics and semantic definitions we are able to explain

Morfeia generalizada em uma criança com ictiose arlequim, uma associação rara

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Maria F.A. Giacomin

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Resumo Introdução Ictiose arlequim é uma doença cutânea congênita grave, autossômica e rara, caracterizada por ressecamento excessivo da pele e hiperqueratose. A associação de ictiose com esclerose sistêmica foi descrita em apenas três crianças. Ainda não foi descrito nenhum paciente com morfeia generalizada (MG associada à ictiose arlequim. Relato de caso: Menina de quatro anos e seis meses de idade com diagnóstico de ictiose arlequim baseado em espessamento cutâneo difuso, com fissuras, descamação, eritema e sangramento da lesão desde as primeiras horas de vida. A paciente foi tratada com acitretina (1,0 mg/kg/dia e creme emoliente. Aos três anos e nove meses, desenvolveu contraturas musculares com dor à movimentação e limitação nos cotovelos e joelhos e placas esclerodérmicas difusas no abdômen, nas costas, na região suprapúbica e nas extremidades inferiores. A biópsia de pele mostrou epiderme retificada e hiperqueratose leve, derme reticular com linfócitos, infiltrado mononuclear perivascular e perianexial e esclerose da derme reticular e glândula sudorípara rodeada por um tecido colágeno denso, compatível com esclerodermia. A paciente preencheu os critérios para o subtipo MG. Metotrexato e prednisona foram introduzidos. Aos quatro anos e três meses, apresentou novas lesões esclerodérmicas, associando-se azatioprina à terapêutica anterior, sem resposta após dois meses. Discussão: Um caso de ictiose arlequim associada à MG foi descrito. O tratamento dessas duas condições é um desafio e requer uma equipe multidisciplinar.

Fixação do nitrogênio do ar pelas bactérias que vivem em simbiose com as raízes da centrosema Fixation of the atmospheric nitrogen by bacteria which live symbiotically on centrosema

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J. Casado Montojos

1963-01-01

Full Text Available Continuando a série de trabalhos sôbre a quantidade de nitrogênio atmosférico fixada por bactérias que vivem em simbiose com raízes de leguminosas, são relatados os resultados encontrados em centrosema (Centrosema pubescens Benth. Foram utilizados vasos de Mitscherlich, com terra-roxa-misturada. A colheita das plantas foi efetuada por ocasião do florescimento. A parte aérea foi pesada para cálculo da quantidade de massa verde produzida, e, em seguida, juntamente com as raízes, sêca a 60°C até pêso constante. Determinaram-se os teores de nitrogênio na parte aérea e subterrânea das plantas, assim como da terra dos vasos. Os resultados mostraram elevada capacidade de fixação simbiótica de nitrogênio pela centrosema correspondente a cêrca de 204 quilogramas de nitrogênio por hectare.Following a series of research work with the purpose of verifying the amount of atmospheric nitrogen fixed by symbiotic bacteria, the authors report in this paper the results on their research with the leguminous plant Centrosema pubescens Benth. This experiment was conducted in Mitscherlich pots containing terra-roxa-misturada obtained from a 20 cm deep layer of soil taken from the Central Experiment Station "Theodureto de Camargo", in Campinas. The plants were cut in the blooming period, as this is the proper season for turning over green manure crops. The aerial portion of the plants was weighed so as to determine the total production of green matter and then it was dried together with the roots at 60°C. Thus, nitrogen of the total plant was determined and the same analysis was done at the end of the experiment for the soil removed from the pots. According to the results of this experiment, it was found that 204 kilograms of nitrogen per hectare were fixed, showing therefore that centrosema has a high capacity of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

Earth System Science Research Using Datra and Products from Terra, Aqua, and ACRIM Satellites

Science.gov (United States)

Hutchison, Keith D.

2007-01-01

The report describes the research conducted at CSR to extend MODIS data and products to the applications required by users in the State of Texas. This research presented in this report was completed during the timeframe of August 2004 - December 31, 2007. However, since annual reports were filed in December 2005 and 2006, results obtained during calendar year 2007 are emphasized in the report. The stated goals of the project were to complete the fundamental research needed to create two types of new, Level 3 products for the air quality community in Texas from data collected by NASA s EOS Terra and Aqua missions.

DINÂMICA DA COBERTURA DA TERRA DO DISTRITO FEDERAL DENTRO DE SUAS UNIDADES GEOMORFOLÓGICAS

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Glauber Neves

2018-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a dinâmica da cobertura da terra do território do Distrito Federal dentro do domínio de suas unidades de relevo. O trabalho foi dividido em três etapas: i mapeamento multitemporal da cobertura da terra, foi utilizado um método de classificação semi-automatizado com dados dos sensores TM e OLI a bordo dos satélites Landsat 5 e 8, respectivamente, entre os anos de 1985 e 2015; ii mapeamento das unidades de relevo, foi utilizado um método de classificação por digitalização em tela a partir de um MDE da SRTM; iii relação relevo-cobertura, quantificação dos dados de cobertura em função das unidades de relevo a fim de identificar seus padrões de distribuição. Identificou-se a presença de dois grandes ambientes com padrões de distribuição da cobertura distintos. O primeiro, composto por Chapadas e Rampas de Colúvio, apresentou padrões de cobertura vinculadas a múltiplos usos, principalmente pelo desenvolvimento urbano e agropecuário. O segundo, composto por Ambiente Colinoso e Vale, apresentou maior preservação da cobertura vegetal natural. A identificação desses ambientes é importante para a definição de limites ambientais que auxiliem na gestão dos recursos naturais e no ordenamento territorial.

RECONSTRUÇÃO DE PAISAGEM DA TERRA NATAL: A EXPERIÊNCIA DE TOHOKU, JAPÃO, APÓS TERREMOTO E TSUNAMI, EM 2011

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Kelton Gabriel

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a priori uma metodologia para analisar o processo de reconstrução de Tohoku no Japão, região afetada pelo terremoto/tsunami de 2011, assim também como o processo da Reconstrução da Terra Natal. Nessa fase da pesquisa será trabalhada a identificação das etapas de reconstrução através das atividades até agora realizadas. Depois da etapa inicial emergencial, estão sendo discutidos processos de realocação e reconstrução de vilarejos e cidades preservando características consideradas identitárias para a comunidade. Por fim será apresentado o processo da Reconstrução da Terra Natal, onde se propõe uma análise da consciência coletiva local e sua capacidade de reter em suas estruturas subjetivas um senso de paisagem primordial de suas identidades.

Além de um Diálogo Reservado com as Estrelas: O Processo de Formação e Transformação do Terraço Jardim ao Telhado Verde

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Mario de Oliveira Saleiro Filho

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Um dos paradigmas da nova arquitetura [moderna] voltada para o século XX foi os cinco pontos da arquitetura, propostos pelo arquiteto Le Corbusier na década de 20 (vinte, a saber: planta livre de estrutura; construção sobre pilotis; terraço jardim; fachada livre e janela em fita. Nosso foco está centrado no processo de formação e transformação do terraço jardim, desde sua concepção de caráter formal e funcional, até consolidar-se no âmbito ambiental, no sentido de contemplar um balanço hídrico capaz de contribuir positivamente na drenagem pluvial das grandes cidades. Recorreremos aos saberes de Marc Bloch, quando cita que “para entendermos o presente precisamos estudar o passado”, pois objetivamos sublinhar um breve discurso diacrônico sobre os terraços jardins.

Fusion of Terra-MODIS and Landsat TM data for geothermal sites investigation in Jiangsu Province, China

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Shengbo

2006-01-01

Geothermal resources are generally confined to areas of the Earth's crust where heat flow higher than in surrounding areas heats the water contained in permeable rocks (reservoirs) at depth. It is becoming one of attractive solutions for clean and sustainable energy future for the world. The geothermal fields commonly occurs at the boundaries of plates, and only occasionally in the middle of a plate. The study area, Jiangsu Province, as an example, located in the east of China, is a potential area of geothermal energy. In this study, Landsat thematic Mapper (TM) data were georeferenced to position spatially the geothermal energy in the study area. Multi-spectral infrared data of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the Terra platform were georeferenced to Landsat TM images. Based on the Wien Displacement Law, these infrared data indicate the surface emitted radiance under the same atmospheric condition, and stand for surface bright temperature respectively. Thus, different surface bright temperature data from Terra-MODIS band 20 or band 31 (R), together with Landsat TM band 4 (G) and band 3 (B) separately, were made up false color composite images (RGB) to generate the distribution maps of surface bright temperatures. Combing with geologic environment and geophysical anomalies, the potential area of geothermal energy with different geo-temperature were mapped respectively. Specially, one geothermal spot in Qinhu Lake Scenery Area in Taizhou city was validated by drilling, and its groundwater temperature is up to some 51°.

Necromass in forests of Madre de Dios, Peru: a comparison between terra firme and lowland forests

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Alejandro Araujo-Murakami

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Stocks of dead wood or necromass represent an important portion of biomass and nutrients in tropical forests. The objectives of this study were: 1 to evaluate and compare the necromass of “terra firme” and lowlands forests, (2 to study the relationship between necromass, above-ground biomass and wood density, and (3 to estimate the necromass of the department of Madre de Dios, Peru. Stocks of necromass and above-ground biomass were estimated at three different locations using permanent plots and line intercept transects. The average volume of necromass for the three sites was 72.9 m3 ha-1 with an average weight varying between 24.8 and 30.7 Mg ha-1, depending on the estimations of dead wood density used for the calculations. Terra firme forests had significantly higher stocks of necromass than lowland forests. The amount of necromass was 11% of the total above-ground biomass in Madre de Dios forests. The total stock of carbon stored in dead wood for the entire department of Madre de Dios was estimated to be approximately 100 mega tonnes of carbon. This is ten times more than the annual fossil fuel emissions of Peru between 2000 and 2008. The substantial stocks of necromass emphasize the importance of these types of field studies, considering that this component of tropical forest carbon cannot be detected using other methods such as satellite remote sensing.

Técnicas de geoprocessamento e sensoriamento remoto aplicadas na identificação de conflitos do uso da terra em Seropédica-RJ

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Kaio Allan Cruz Gasparini

Full Text Available Este trabalho avaliou o uso e a cobertura da terra, e comparou os dados obtidos com aqueles das Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs, para identificar conflitos do uso da terra no município de Seropédica-RJ. Utilizaram-se duas cenas do satélite CBERS2 e a classificação supervisionada com o método da mínima distância. As APPs foram delimitadas com o auxílio de geotecnologias, baseando-se na legislação ambiental (Lei n.º 12.651/2012 (Brasil, 2012. Utilizou-se no mapeamento das APPs um Modelo Digital de Elevação (1:25.000 e, para a rede de drenagem, cartas planialtimétricas (1:10.000. Identificaram-se 40,02 km² de APPs, o que correspondeu a 15,01% do município. A APP do rio Guandu apresentou maior área (7,23% e lagos urbanos, a menor (0,04%. O município não apresentou APPs de declividade (<40° e de topo de morro (declividade < 25° com altitude < 100. Em relação aos conflitos do uso da terra, o solo exposto correspondeu a 58,1%, pastagem a 21,7%, areia/mineração a 7,8% e área urbana a 3,9%. Os resultados obtidos indicam eficiência dessas geotecnologias na gestão municipal.

A Multi-Scale Flood Monitoring System Based on Fully Automatic MODIS and TerraSAR-X Processing Chains

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Enrico Stein

2013-10-01

Full Text Available A two-component fully automated flood monitoring system is described and evaluated. This is a result of combining two individual flood services that are currently under development at DLR’s (German Aerospace Center Center for Satellite based Crisis Information (ZKI to rapidly support disaster management activities. A first-phase monitoring component of the system systematically detects potential flood events on a continental scale using daily-acquired medium spatial resolution optical data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS. A threshold set controls the activation of the second-phase crisis component of the system, which derives flood information at higher spatial detail using a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR based satellite mission (TerraSAR-X. The proposed activation procedure finds use in the identification of flood situations in different spatial resolutions and in the time-critical and on demand programming of SAR satellite acquisitions at an early stage of an evolving flood situation. The automated processing chains of the MODIS (MFS and the TerraSAR-X Flood Service (TFS include data pre-processing, the computation and adaptation of global auxiliary data, thematic classification, and the subsequent dissemination of flood maps using an interactive web-client. The system is operationally demonstrated and evaluated via the monitoring two recent flood events in Russia 2013 and Albania/Montenegro 2013.

Núcleos coloniais e agricultura na Amazônia Imperial: uso e ocupação da terra

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Francivaldo Alves Nunes

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Fomento a produção, reforma das técnicas agrícolas, intensificação dos sistemas produtivos e aumento da produtividade são algumas diretrizes recorrentes nos projetos de reformulação da agricultura desenvolvidos no Brasil no período Imperial. Na Amazônia a criação dos Núcleos Coloniais, na segunda metade do século XIX, constituem ações governamentais que buscam atender essas demandas. Analisar os elementos que estimulam a formação das Colônias Agrícolas e que nos ajuda a pensar a constituição de paisagens agrárias e os processos de apropriação da terra é a tarefa que nos ocupamos nesta comunicação; entendendo que, além de uma questão de consumo e produção, os Núcleos Coloniais na Amazônia se evidenciaram como espaços de experimentação de novas técnicas produtivas, melhor aproveitamento da terra, do exercício de domínio das matas, promoção do povoamento e disciplinarização dos sujeitos sociais envolvidos na construção deste espaço.

Terra Preta sanitation: re-discovered from an ancient Amazonian civilisation - integrating sanitation, bio-waste management and agriculture.

Science.gov (United States)

Factura, H; Bettendorf, T; Buzie, C; Pieplow, H; Reckin, J; Otterpohl, R

2010-01-01

The recent discovery of the bio-waste and excreta treatment of a former civilisation in the Amazon reveals the possibility of a highly efficient and simple sanitation system. With the end product that was black soil they converted 10% of former infertile soil of the region: Terra Preta do Indio (black soil of the Indians). These soils are still very fertile 500 years after this civilisation had disappeared. Deriving from these concepts, Terra Preta Sanitation (TPS) has been re-developed and adopted. TPS includes urine diversion, addition of a charcoal mixture and is based on lactic-acid-fermentation with subsequent vermicomposting. No water, ventilation or external energy is required. Natural formation processes are employed to transform excreta into lasting fertile soil that can be utilised in urban agriculture. The authors studied the lacto-fermentation of faecal matter with a minimum of 4 weeks followed by vermicomposting. The results showed that lactic-acid fermentation with addition of a charcoal mixture is a suitable option for dry toilets as the container can be closed after usage. Hardly any odour occured even after periods of several weeks. Lactic-acid fermentation alone without addition of bulking agents such as paper and sliced-cut wood to raise the C/N ratio is creating a substrate that is not accepted by worms.

Infecção cutânea rara por Acinetobacter baumannii em imunocompetente: relato de um caso Rare cutaneous infection by Acinetobacter baumannii in an immunocompetent patient: a case report

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Pablo Vitoriano Cirino

2008-08-01

Full Text Available O Acinetobacter baumanni é patógeno oportunista antigamente considerado de baixa virulência. Atualmente está envolvido em processos infecciosos que acometem pacientes imunocomprometidos,grandes queimados e pacientes em unidades de terapia intensiva que fazem uso de ventilação mecânica. Esse relato de caso chama atenção para infecção cutânea rara por essa bactéria em paciente imunocompetente.Acinetobacter baumannii is an oportunistic pathogen that used to be considered as having low virulence; however, it is currently known to be involved in infectious processes in patients with immunosuppression, large burns and those under mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. This case report emphasizes the possibility of cutaneous infection by A. baumanni in immunocompetent patients.

Mobility, turnover and storage of pollutants in soils, sediments and waters: Achievements and results of the EU project AquaTerra. A review

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Barth, J.A.C.; Grathwohl, P.; Fowler, H.J.; Bellin, A.; Gerzabek, M.H.; Lair, G.J.; Barceló, D.; Petrovic, M.; Navarro, A.; Négrel, P.; Petelet-Giraud, E.; Darmendrail, D.; Rijnaarts, H.; Langenhoff, A.; Weert, J. de; Slob, A.; Zaan, B.M. van der; Gerritse, J.; Frank, E.; Gutierrez, A.; Kretzschmar, R.; Gocht, T.; Steidle, D.; Garrido, F.; Jones, K.C.; Meijer, S.; Moeckel, C.; Marsman, A.; Klaver, G.; Vogel, T.; Bürger, C.; Kolditz, O.; Broers, H.P.; Baran, N.; Joziasse, J.; Tümpling, W. von; Gaans, P. van; Merly, C.; Chapman, A.; Brouyère, S.; Batlle Aguilar, J.; Orban, Ph.; Tas, N.; Smidt, H.

2009-01-01

AquaTerra is one of the first environmental projects within the 6th Framework program by the European Commission. It began in June 2004 with a multidisciplinary team of 45 partner organizations from 13 EU countries, Switzerland, Serbia, Romania and Montenegro. Results from sampling and modeling in 4

Multi-Frequency and Multi-Polarization Analysis of Oil Slicks using TerraSAR-X and RADARSAT-2 Data

OpenAIRE

Singha, Suman; Ressel, Rudolf; Lehner, Susanne

2016-01-01

The use of fully polarimetric SAR data for oil spill detection is relatively new and shows great potential for operational offshore platform monitoring. Greater availability of these kind of SAR data calls for a development of time critical processing chain capable of detecting and distinguishing oil spills from ’look-alikes’. This paper describes the development of an automated Near Real Time (NRT) oil spill detection processing chain based on quad-pol RADARSAT-2 (RS-2) and quad-pol Terra...

Terra, Aqua, and Aura Direct Broadcast - Providing Earth Science Data for Realtime Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Kelly, Angelita C.; Coronado, Patrick L.; Case, Warren F.; Franklin, Ameilia

2010-01-01

The need for realtime data to aid in disaster management and monitoring has been clearly demonstrated for the past several years, e.g., during the tsunami in Indonesia in 2004, the hurricane Katrina in 2005, fires, etc. Users want (and often require) the means to get earth observation data for operational regional use as soon as they are generated by satellites. This is especially true for events that can cause loss of human life and/or property. To meet this need, NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) satellites, Terra and Aqua, provide realtime data useful to disaster management teams. This paper describes the satellites, their Direct Broadcast (DB) capabilities, the data uses, what it takes to deploy a DB ground station, and the future of the DB.

Geology of Libya Montes and the Interbasin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Mars: First Year Results and Second Year Work Plan

Science.gov (United States)

Skinner, J. A., Jr.; Rogers, A. D.; Seelos, K. D.

2010-01-01

The Libya Montes-Tyrrhena Terra highland-lowland transitional zone of Mars is a complex tectonic and erosional region that contains some of the oldest exposed materials on the Martian surface as well as aqueous mineral signatures that may be potential chemical artifacts of early highland formational processes. Our 1:1M scale mapping project includes the geologic materials and landforms contained within MTMs 00282, -05282, -10282, 00277, - 05277, and -10277, which cover the highland portion of the transitional zone. The map region extends from the Libya Montes southward into Tyrrhena Terra and to the northern rim of Hellas basin and includes volcanic rocks of Syrtis Major Planum and a broad lowlying plain (palus) that forms a topographic divide between Isidis and Hellas basins. The objective of this project is to describe the geologic history of regional massif and plains materials by combining geomorphological and compositional mapping observations. This abstract summarizes the technical approaches and interim scientific results of Year 1 efforts and the expected work plan for Year 2 efforts.

Sustainable land-use by regional energy and material flow management using "Terra-Preta-Technology

Science.gov (United States)

Friede, K.; Rößler, K.; Terytze, K.; Vogel, I.; Worzyk, F.; Schatten, R.; Wagner, R.; Haubold-Rosar, M.; Rademacher, A.; Weiß, U.; Weinfurtner, K.; Drabkin, D.; Zundel, S.; Trabelsi, S.

2012-04-01

The interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary joint research project seeks innovative system solutions for resource efficiency, climate protection and area revaluation by means of an integrative approach. The project's fundament is set by implementing the zero-emission-strategy, launching a regional resource efficient material flow management as well as utilising "Terra-Preta-Technology" as an innovative system component. As the centrepiece of optimised regional biogenic material flows Terra Preta Substrate (TPS) contains biochar shall be utilised exemplarily in model regions. In regional project 1 (state of Brandenburg, county Teltow-Fläming) TPS shall be used on military conversion areas, which are contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and mineral oil hydrocarbons. It will be examined, whether the use of TPS causes accelerated pollutant reduction and whether this area is available for renewable raw material production. In regional project 2 (Western Lusatia, county Oberspreewald-Lusatia) reclamation and renaturation of post-mining-landscapes is first priority. In this case, the project seeks for an upgrade of devastated soils for plant production as well as for restoration of soil functions and setup of organic soil substances. In regional project 3 (state of North Rhine-Westphalia, city of Schmallenberg) reforestations of large scale windbreakage areas shall be supported by using TPS. Soil stabilisation, increased growth and survival of young trees and decreased nutrient losses are desired achievements. The crop production effectiveness and environmental compatibility of TPS will be determined by tests in laboratories, by lysimeter and open land taking into account chemical and physical as well as biological parameters. Currently diverse chemical, physical and biological examinations are performed. First results will be presented. The focus will be set on the use of TPS on military conversion areas to reduce specific organic contaminations.

Design and realization of an active SAR calibrator for TerraSAR-X

Science.gov (United States)

Dummer, Georg; Lenz, Rainer; Lutz, Benjamin; Kühl, Markus; Müller-Glaser, Klaus D.; Wiesbeck, Werner

2005-10-01

TerraSAR-X is a new earth observing satellite which will be launched in spring 2006. It carries a high resolution X-band SAR sensor. For high image data quality, accurate ground calibration targets are necessary. This paper describes a novel system concept for an active and highly integrated, digitally controlled SAR system calibrator. A total of 16 active transponder and receiver systems and 17 receiver only systems will be fabricated for a calibration campaign. The calibration units serve for absolute radiometric calibration of the SAR image data. Additionally, they are equipped with an extra receiver path for two dimensional satellite antenna pattern recognition. The calibrator is controlled by a dedicated digital Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The different voltages needed by the calibrator and the ECU are provided by the third main unit called Power Management Unit (PMU).

Economia política da disputa por terras em Minas Gerais

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Ari Francisco de Araujo Junior

2008-09-01

Full Text Available O artigo estuda os determinantes da probabilidade de ocorrência de conflitos de terra, ocupações e assentamentos nos municípios mineiros. Os resultados apontam para a importância de fatores econômicos e políticos. Aparentemente, militantes pró-reforma agrária se adequam ao ciclo político, causando menos conflito em municípios governados por aliados. Por sua vez, a pobreza e o elevado crescimento arrefecem o ímpeto desses militantes.The article analyzes the determinants of the probability of dispute over land (conflicts, occupations and settlement projects in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Through the use of a logit model, we found that the main influences are political and economical ones. Apparently, the behavior of the agrarian reform's supporters follows the political incentive, with fewer occurrences of conflicts in towns governed by political allies. By other hand, the economical determinants - degree of poverty and the economic growth - have negative impacts on it.

Movimentos sociais e experiência geracional: a vivência da infância no Movimento dos Trabalhadores sem Terra Social movements and generation experience: childhood lived within the Movimento dos Sem Terra/Brazil

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Luciana Oliveira Correia

2007-12-01

Full Text Available O trabalho apresenta pesquisa etnográfica desenvolvida com crianças moradoras de um acampamento do Movimento dos Sem Terra, em Minas Gerais. Pela observação participante do cotidiano infantil e por meio de entrevistas com crianças, buscou-se apreender os significados da vivência da infância no interior de um movimento social organizado. No escopo deste artigo, no diálogo com os refereciais teórico-metodológicos da sociologia da infância, foram analisadas três das entrevistas realizadas, de forma a destacar a singularidade dos processos socializatórios vividos por tais sujeitos, definidos por duas categorias identitárias: geração e inserção em movimentos sociais. Verifica-se que as crianças, em sua ação coletiva voltada para a atividade do brincar, buscavam interpretar sua experiência coletiva, lançando mão de elementos da cultura infantil, de forma a elaborar o vivido. Ao mesmo tempo, buscavam estabelecer relações com outros universos sociais, tais como a escola, de maneira a construir novos espaços de sociabilidade.This papper describes an etnographical research realized with a group of childs from the Movimento dos Sem Terra of Minas Gerais/Brazil. Using metodologies strategies like participative observation and interviews, we focused the signification of childhood experience inside an organized social movement. According to that, in dialogue with the teorical references of Childhood Sociology, the research analises their identity construction process, considering two central categories: generation and insertion in social movements. The children, in coletive action centered on playing, uses it to interpret their social universe, elaborating their own experience. In other hand, they tried to construct new relations with another social universes, like school, in order to increase their sociabilities.

Examination of body burden and taint for Iceland scallop (Chlamys islandica) and American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides) near the Terra Nova offshore oil development over ten years of drilling on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, Canada

Science.gov (United States)

DeBlois, Elisabeth M.; Kiceniuk, Joe W.; Paine, Michael D.; Kilgour, Bruce W.; Tracy, Ellen; Crowley, Roger D.; Williams, Urban P.; Gregory Janes, G.

2014-12-01

This paper presents results of analyses of body burdens of metals and hydrocarbons, and taste tests for taint, in Iceland scallop and American plaice performed as part of the Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) program for the Terra Nova offshore oil development (Grand Banks of Newfoundland, Canada). Scallop and plaice were collected in a Study Area located within approximately 1 km of drill centres at Terra Nova and in a Reference Area located approximately 20 km from the development. Samples were collected in 1997 to establish a baseline, and from 2000 to 2010, during drilling periods. Scallop adductor muscle tissue was contaminated with >C10-C21 aliphatic hydrocarbons resembling the drilling fluid in the synthetic drilling mud (SBM) used at Terra Nova in 2000, 2002 and 2004, but contamination of adductor muscle was not noted in 2006, 2008 and 2010. The maximum concentration in muscle was 28 mg/kg wet weight, noted in 2002. Scallop viscera was contaminated with hydrocarbons resembling drilling fluid in SBMs near drill centres in all EEM years except 2010. Viscera contamination with >C10-C21 hydrocarbons gradually decreased from a maximum of 150 mg/kg in 2000, to a maximum of 27 mg/kg in 2008; all values were below the laboratory reporting detection limit of 15 mg/kg in 2010. Therefore, evidence from both muscle and viscera indicates a decrease in tissue hydrocarbon contamination in recent years. Barium, another major constituent in drilling muds, has not been noted in scallop adductor muscles at concentrations above the reporting detection limit, but barium was detected in viscera in baseline and EEM years. The maximum concentration of barium in viscera during baseline sampling was 8 mg/kg. The maximum concentration in EEM years (29 mg/kg) was noted in 2000. The maximum concentration in 2010 was 25 mg/kg. The concentration of metals other than barium in scallop tissues was similar between the Terra Nova Study Area and the Reference Area. Hydrocarbons

A first comparison of Cosmo-Skymed and TerraSAR-X data over Chamonix Mont-Blanc test-site

OpenAIRE

Nicolas , Jean-Marie; Trouvé , Emmanuel; Fallourd , Renaud; Vernier , Flavien; Tupin , Florence; Harant , Olivier; Gay , Michel; Moreau , Luc

2012-01-01

International audience; This paper presents the first results obtained with satellite im- age time series (SITS) acquired by Cosmo-SkyMed (CSK) over the Chamonix Mont-Blanc test-site. A CSK SITS made of 39 images is merged with a TerraSAR-X SITS made of 26 images by using the orbital information and co-registration tools developed in the EFIDIR project. The results are illus- trated by the computation of speckle-free images by temporal averaging, by the generation and comparison of topographi...

Arte e política no cinema de Glauber Rocha: uma análise do filme Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol

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William Vaz de Oliveira

2011-06-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the relationship between art and politics in the kinematics of Glauber Rocha focusing on the work ―Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol‖ Creator of the Cinema Novo in Brazil, Glauber proposes a system that portrays the reality through national a quasi-socialist realism. Hunger, poverty and religion become constant in the works of the moviemaker, in addition to showing a Brazilian culture strongly marked by African customs. Emerged in the late '50s, early '60s, his Cinema Novo was characterized by the search for a language and a truly Brazilian cinematic technique, which should depict all our limitations and our entire underdevelopment, thus seeking to overcome them, trying to approximate the cinematic art of the public. His movie Deus e o Diabo na terra do Sol for instance, highlights this prospect of a purely national cinema.

Tratamiento externo de los cerramientos del parque temático de "Terra Mítica", Alicante

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López Morales, Aurelio

2000-12-01

Full Text Available One of the more emblematic building constructed in the last 2000, was the one of "TERRA MITICA'S" Thematic Park, in Benidorm (Alicante. Independently of the attractions concerning a Fairground (the genuine stars in the Park, the functionality and the aesthetic of the buildings assigned to leisure areas, are also very important concerning the comfort and relaxation after the adventure. In the present article, you will find the adopted decisions concerning the building faces in the whole different areas included in the Park. A detailed exhibition of the different ornamental details and of the different techniques used in the facing, will be also exposed.Una de las obras más emblemáticas, de carácter lúdico, que se han construido en el año 2000 es la que corresponde al Parque Temático " TERRA MÍTICA ", situado en la localidad alicantina de Benidorm. Con independencia de que sean las atracciones -Montaña Rusa, Rápidos, Caída Libre, etc.: las verdaderas estrellas del Parque, la funcionalidad y estética de los edificios destina dos a zona s de ocio juegan también un papel importante en el confort y la relajación después de la aventura. En el presente artículo se expondrán las tematizaciones adoptadas, tales como los revestimientos en los edificios de las distintas áreas que componen el conjunto del Parque. Asimismo, se hará una exposición detallada de diferentes motivos decorativos y de las técnicas empleadas para la ejecución del revestimiento.

O Projovem campo saberes da terra e sua contribuição para a formação e desenvolvimento do capital social pelos jovens agricultores (as familiares

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Elaine Aparecida de Souza Apolonio

2017-06-01

Full Text Available O Projovem Campo – Saberes da Terra, é uma modalidade do ProJovem, uma política pública do Ministério de Educação, através da DPEJUN/SECADI/MEC, em parceria com a secretaria de Educação do Estado, no nível fundamental de Educação de Jovens Adultos, unificando qualificação social e profissional, visando à potencialização das capacidades dos jovens do campo, com idades entre 18 e 29 anos. Apresentaremos a temática juventude e contemporaneidade, através de um breve histórico do tema em questão, e a política pública para o segmento da juventude, na área de educação, o programa Projovem Campo- Saberes da Terra. Analisaremos essa experiência escolar à luz da teoria do capital social, ligadas à capacitação de jovens e adultos agricultores (as, sob a perspectiva oficial de educação, dentro da orientação metodológica do Projovem Campo Saberes da Terra, com vistas a contribuir para uma interpretação crítica da construção de capital social pelos jovens agricultores (as.

Análise da estrutura de comunidades arbóreas de uma floresta amazônica de Terra Firme aplicada ao manejo florestal Analysis of the structure of tree communities of a amazonian forest applied to management

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João Carlos Zenaide Oliveira Alves

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve o objetivo de identificar e descrever a estrutura das comunidades arbóreas de uma floresta de terra firme sob regime de manejo na Amazônia Oriental, localizada no município de Almeirim, Pará, Brasil. O levantamento florístico foi realizado em 1.400,30 ha de uma Unidade de Produção Anual (UPA, do Plano de Manejo Florestal da empresa ORSA Florestal. Todos os indivíduos com DAP > 30 cm foram inventariados, registrando-se 77.834 árvores distribuídas em 57 famílias, 229 gêneros e 556 espécies. Oito comunidades foram identificadas por meio de uma analise de agrupamento, apresentando alta diversidade e equibilidade florística (H" médio = 4,25 e J" médio = 0,75. As comunidades apresentaram 138 espécies comuns, 119 espécies de ocorrência exclusiva e 377 espécies raras, representadas por apenas um indivíduo. As espécies que mais se destacaram foram: Dinizia excelsa, Vouacapoua americana, Goupia glabra, Mouriri brachyanthera, Parinari excelsa, Manilkara bidentada, Tachigalia mymecophyla e Licania micrantha. Algumas espécies de valor comercial apresentaram variações importantes na densidade, sugerindo risco de extinção em comunidades onde as espécies apresentam densidade muito baixa. Sugerimos que os planos de manejo considerem as várias comunidades ecológicas encontradas nas UPAs evitando assim variações significativas, causadas pela exploração e seus impactos, na composição florística e estrutura das comunidades existentes.To demonstrate the importance of the ecological concept for forest management, the object of this work was to identify and describe the structure of tree communities of a tropical forest under management in the Eastern Amazonia, located in Almeirim municipality, in the state of Pará, Brazil. The floristic survey was undertaken in a terra-firme tropical forest of 1,400.30 hectares. All individuals with DBH > 30 cm were inventoried, registering 77,834 trees distributed in 57

Porifera collection of the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA, with an updated checklist from Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea

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Claudio Ghiglione

2018-05-01

Full Text Available This new dataset presents occurrence data for Porifera collected in the Ross Sea, mainly in the Terra Nova Bay area, and curated at the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA, section of Genoa. Specimens were collected in 331 different sampling stations at depths ranging from 17 to 1,100 meters in the framework of 17 different Italian Antarctic expeditions funded by the Italian National Antarctic Research Program (PNRA. A total of 807 specimens, belonging to 144 morphospecies (i.e., 95 taxa identified at species level and 49 classified at least at the genus level is included in the dataset. Nearly half (45% of the species reported here correspond to species already known for Terra Nova Bay. Out of the remaining 55% previously unknown records, under a third (~29% were classified at the species level, while over a quarter (~26% were ascribed to the genus level only and these would require further study. All vouchers are permanently curated at the MNA and are available for study to the scientific community. A 3D model of an uncommon species from the Ross Sea, i.e. Tethyopsis brondstedi (Burton, 1929, is also presented and will be made available for outreach purposes.

Julgamento da Terra Indígena Raposa Serra do Sol: todo dia era dia de índio Raposa Serra do Sol Indigenous Land trial

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Erica Magami Yamada

2010-06-01

Full Text Available O julgamento da demarcação da Terra Indígena Raposa Serra do Sol expôs o papel do STF como legislador positivo. O recém-publicado acórdão do STF sobre o caso agrega as chamadas salvaguardas institucionais formuladas nas 19 ressalvas à ação do poder executivo e aos direitos dos povos indígenas apresentadas em plenária. Algumas dessas ressalvas, verdadeiros enunciados normativos, ameaçam retroceder o reconhecimento de direitos de minorias étnicas no país, na contramão de compromissos internacionais de direitos humanos assumidos, especialmente quanto à interpretação do direito originário dos índios sobre suas terras tradicionais e quanto ao não reconhecimento da organização política indígena com o controle sobre suas terras.The trial to demarcate the Indigenous Land Raposa Serra do Sol revealed the role of the STF as a positive legislator. The recently published decision on the case incorporated the so called institutional safeguards introduced by the 19 conditions to the executive action and to indigenous peoples rights as presented during the hearings. Some of these safeguards, actual normative statements, threaten to move backwards the recognition of minority ethnic groups in brazil. They go against the international commitments of the state towards human rights, particularly regarding the interpretation of indigenous peopels original right to lands and the non-recognition of the indigenous political organization a capacity to control their own lands.

Influence of biochar and terra preta substrates on wettability and erodibility of soils

Science.gov (United States)

Smetanova, A.; Dotterweich, M.; Diehl, D.; Ulrich, U.; Fohrer, N.

2012-04-01

Biochar (BC) and terra preta substrates (TPS) have recently been promoted as soil amendments suitable for soil stabilization, soil amelioration and long-term carbon sequestration. BC is a carbon-enriched substance produced by thermal decomposition of organic material. TPS is composed of liquid and solid organic matter, including BC, altered by acid-lactic fermentation. Their effect on wettability, soil erodibility and nutrient discharge through overland flow was studied by laboratory experiments. At water contents between 0 and 100% BC is water repellent, while TPS changes from a wettable into a repellent state. The 5 and 10 vol % mixtures of BC and 10 and 20 vol% mixtures of TPS with sand remain mainly wettable during drying but repellency maxima are shifted to higher water contents with respect to pure sand and are mainly of subcritical nature. The runoff response was dominated by infiltration properties of the substrates rather than their wettability.Only one mixtures (20% TPS) produced more runoff than sandy-loamy soil on a 15% slope at an intensity of 25 mm•h-1. The 10% BC decreased runoff by up to 40%. At higher rainfall intensities (45 and 55 mm•h-1) the 10% TPS7 was up to 35% less erodible than 10% BC. Despite the TPS containing more nutrients, nutrient discharge varied between types of nutrients, slopes, rainfall intensities and mixtures. The application of a 1 cm layer onto the soil surface instead of 10% mixtures is not recommended due to high nutrient concentrations in the runoff and the wettability of pure substrates. The usage of 10% BC in lowland areas with low frequency and low-intensity precipitation and 10% TPS7 in areas with higher rainfall intensities appears to be appropriate and commendable according to current results. However, together with reversibility of repellency, it needs to undergo further examination in the field under different environmental and land use conditions Key words: biochar, terra preta substrate, wettability

Geological-morphological description of the Ishtar Terra (photomap of the Venusian surface sheet B-5)

Science.gov (United States)

Sukhanov, A. L.; Pronin, A. A.; Tyuflin, Y. S.; Ostrovskiy, M. V.; Kotelnikov, V. A.; Rzhiga, O. N.; Petrov, G. I.; Sidorenko, A. I.; Aleksandrov, Y. N.; Zakharov, A. I.

1986-01-01

The main part of the Ishtar Terra east of the Maxwell Montes is covered with systems of areal dislocations of several directions, which are called Parquet. According to the structural patterns these may be divided into: (1) the central stable block; (2) the lesser peripheral blocks separated from the central one by gaps and grabens; (3) the zones of mobilized parquet, whose substance flowed downward at an incline in the directions away from the central block in the form of plastic flows; and (4) the partially parqueted lava sheets. The Maxwell Montes were formed as a result of the collision between the central parquet block and the Lakshmi Planum.

Terra nullius, Inuit Habitation and Norse Occupation – With Special Emphasis on the 1933 East Greenland Case

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Peter Thomas Ørebech

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Sovereignty acquired by occupation entails “recognize[d] title based on discovery,” “a reasonable period [of] … effective occupation of the region claimed to be discovered” and “the continuous and peaceful display of State authority.” Only terra nullius is subject to occupation. A territory inhabited by indigenous groups that sustain social and political organization may impede an occupying power because the terra nullius requirement fails. While sovereignty over thinly populated areas are often lax, case law requires less public involvement in these sparsely inhabited areas. This study reveals that the Dano-Norwegian Kings regarded the Inuit as “our subjects.” The Kings’ pretention of absolutum dominium and jurisdiction involved both the Norse and Inuit ethnic groups and “bygð ok ubygð” (settled and unsettled land. The exodus of the Norse peoples in 1450 AD for 200 years did not undermine the acquired sovereignty of the Dano-Norwegian Crown, which as a result, spoiled the 1931 Norwegian pretentions to legally occupy East-Greenland. Denmark's triumph in the 1933-East Greenland case resulted from a “zero-sum principle.” More than a 100 years earlier, the Danish Kingdom lost a succession of countries and dependencies. The 1814 Kiel Treaty transferred mainland Norway to Sweden, but explicitly states that none of the ancient Norwegian dependencies, Greenland, Iceland and Faroe Islands would follow suit. Thus, these territories remained part of the Kingdom of Denmark.

Evaluation of substrates on the emergence of "araticum-de-terra-fria" (Annona emarginata (Schltdl. H. Rainer Seedlings

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Daniel Baron

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Choosing a substrate is the determinant factor for the seedling producer; thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different types of substrates on the emergence of "araticum-de-terra-fria" (Annona emarginata (Schltdl. H. Rainer seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse and the experimental design was in randomized blocks, with three treatments and five replicates of 72 seeds per plot. The treatments consisted of the following substrates: coconut fiber, vermiculite and Plantmax® Citrus. The number of emerged seedlings was weekly counted for 105 days. Data regarding seedling height were obtained, and the emergence velocity index and mean time, besides total emergence percentage and that over time were calculated. Results from total mean emergence percentage, seedling height, emergence velocity index (EVI, and mean emergence time (MET were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by the Tukey's test at 5% significance. The curves concerning the emergence percentage over time were fit by the logistic growth equation for each treatment and the means of each parameter (A, B, C were compared by the Duncan's test at 5% significance. The substrates vermiculite led to the highest values of emergence percentage differing from the PlantMax® Citrus, but not of the coconut fiber, however the vermiculite promoted seedling height in a shorter time; therefore, this substrate is recommended for the initial development of "araticum-de-terra-fria" (Annona emarginata (Schltdl. H. Rainer seedlings.

Notícia de romances, folhetos e folhas volantes na terra de Miranda

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António Bárbolo Alves

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Au Portugal la « littérature de colportage » est appelée « literatura de cordel », « folhas volantes » ou « folhetos ». Dans la région Terra de Miranda, à l'extrême nord-est du Portugal, ces livres populaires ont circulé jusqu'à la moitié du XX siècle mais, malheureusement, ils ont presque totalement disparu. Dans cet article, guidés par la mémoire et le savoir d'une conteuse, on essaiera de retrouver quelques traces de ces « folhetos » : leurs caractéristiques techniques et poétiques, les sujets les plus importants et la langue (étant donné que dans cette région on parle aussi le mirandais.

Os direitos da mulher à terra e os movimentos sociais rurais na reforma agrária brasileira Women's land rights and rural social movements in the Brazilian agrarian reform

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Carmen Diana Deere

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo examina a evolução da reivindicação dos direitos da mulher à terra na reforma agrária brasileira sob o prisma dos três principais movimentos sociais rurais: o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST, os sindicatos rurais e o movimento autônomo de mulheres rurais. O mérito maior por levantar a questão dos direitos da mulher à terra é das mulheres dentro dos sindicatos rurais. Os direitos formais das mulheres à terra foram conseguidos na reforma constitucional de 1988, e em grande medida isso foi um subproduto do esforço para acabar com a discriminação contra as mulheres em todos as suas dimensões. A conquista das igualdades formais, contudo, não levou a um aumento na parcela de mulheres beneficiárias da reforma, a qual permaneceu baixa até a metade da década de 1990. Isso aconteceu principalmente porque garantir na prática os direitos da mulher à terra não estava entre as prioridades dos movimentos sociais rurais. Além disso, o principal movimento social a determinar o passo da reforma agrária, o (MST, considerava classe e gênero questões incompatíveis. Próximo ao final da década de 1990, entretanto, havia uma consciência crescente de que deixar de reconhecer os direitos da mulher à terra era prejudicial ao desenvolvimento e à consolidação dos assentamentos da reforma agrária e, portanto, para o movimento. O crescente consenso, entre todos os movimentos sociais rurais, sobre a importância em assegurar o direito da mulher à terra, junto com um lobby efetivo, encorajou o Estado em 2001 a adotar mecanismos específicos para a inclusão de mulheres na reforma agrária.This article examines the evolution of the demand for women's land rights in the Brazilian agrarian reform through the prism of the three main rural social movements: the landless movement, the rural unions and the autonomous rural women's movement. Most of the credit for raising the issue of women's land rights rests with

Inoculação de nutrientes em ovos de matrizes pesadas Nutrient inoculation in eggs from heavy breeders

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Adriana Ayres Pedroso

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Foram conduzidos três experimentos para avaliar a influência da inoculação in ovo de ácido linoléico, glicose e glutamina em ovos de matrizes pesadas aos 16 dias de incubação sobre a eclodibilidade e o desempenho dos pintos até 10 dias de idade. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos, que consistiram da inoculação dos ovos, conforme descrito a seguir: experimento 1 - 0, 100, 200 ou 300 µL de ácido linoléico; experimento 2 - 0, 100, 200 ou 300 mg de glicose; experimento 3 - 0, 10, 20 ou 30 mg de glutamina. Em todos os experimentos, o grupo controle foi representado por ovos íntegros não inoculados. Na fase pré-eclosão, cada um dos 130 ovos representou uma unidade experimental e, na fase pós-eclosão, cada tratamento contou com quatro repetições de 15 aves. A inoculação de ácido linoléico ou glicose aumentou a mortalidade embrionária, diminuiu a eclodibilidade dos ovos e prejudicou a relação peso do pinto:peso do ovo. Pintos mais leves foram obtidos com a inoculação in ovo de diferentes níveis de ácido linoléico. A inoculação in ovo com ácido linoléico, glicose e glutamina nas concentrações testadas não se mostrou adequada para melhorar características relacionadas à eclodibilidade e ao desempenho de aves até os 10 dias de idade.Three experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of in ovo inoculation of linoleic acid, glucose, and glutamine in chick eggs at 16th day of incubation on hatchability and performance until 10 days of age. It was used a randomized block design with five treatments, as follows: in experiment 1, 0, 100, 200 or 300 µL of linoleic acid; in experiment 2, 0, 100, 200 or 300 mg of glucose; and in experiment 3, 0, 10, 20 or 30 mg of glutamine. The control was represented by the intact eggs in all experiments. In the pre hatch phase, each one of 130 eggs represented an experimental unit, and in post hatch phase each treatment had four replicates

PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE CIDADANIA E MEIO AMBIENTE A PARTIR DAS AÇÕES COMUNICACIONAIS DA ONG TERRA VERDE

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Joel Felipe Guindani

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta questões sobre a relação cidadania e meio ambiente a partir de algumas ações comunicacionais do projeto “Tape I Iande - caminho das águas”, da Organização Não Governamental (ONG, “Terra verde”, realizado sob o percurso das águas do Rio Uruguai, na fronteira Brasil-Argentina. Teoricamente, este artigo apresenta uma discussão inicial acerca de alguns sentidos que constituem a noção de cidadania (SANTOS, 2006; PORTILHO, 2005; DAGNINO, 1994; enfatiza a possível relação entre cidadania e sustentabilidade ambiental (CANTO, 2013 e, ao final, estabelece conexões entre comunicação e cidadania (KUNSH, 2007. Como metodologia, realizou-se entrevista com o coordenador da referida ONG, que nos revelou sobre algumas das atividades comunicacionais desenvolvidas. Este artigo também analisa alguns conteúdos digitais veiculados pela ONG em suas redes sociais online. Como resultado, evidenciam-se os aspectos da comunicação nas ações formativas presenciais com as comunidades ribeirinhas; nos diálogos com jovens de instituições educativas, bem como na veiculação de conteúdos nas redes sociais online.    PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cidadania; Comunicação; Sustentabilidade; ONG; Terra Verde.     ABSTRACT This article presents questions about the relationship between citizenship and the environment, based on some of the communication actions of the project “Tape I Iande- caminho das águas”, of the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO, "Terra Verde", carried out under the course of the waters of the Uruguay River, in the Brazil-Argentina border. Theoretically, this article presents an initial discussion about some meanings that constitute the notion of citizenship (SANTOS, 2006; PORTILHO, 2005; DAGNINO, 1994; emphasizes the possible relation between citizenship and environmental sustainability (CANTO, 2013 and, in the end, establishes connections between communication and citizenship (KUNSH, 2007. As methodology

Las estrategias de comunicación de las organizaciones de pacientes con enfermedades raras (ER en España

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Antonio Castillo-Esparcia

Full Text Available Resumen El presente estudio se centra en la estrategia de comunicación de las organizaciones de pacientes con enfermedades raras. Los objetivos de estas organizaciones son: educar e informar sobre estas patologías, sensibilizar sobre sus problemáticas y obtener legitimación social para hacer visibles sus demandas. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, se ha analizado el impacto de este colectivo en los medios de comunicación con mayor difusión y audiencia en España: prensa, (El País, El Mundo, La Vanguardia, ABC y El Periódico, radio (Cadena Ser, Onda Cero, Cope y RNE y televisión (Telecinco, Antena 3, La 1, La Sexta, Cuatro, de 2012 a 2014. En segundo lugar, se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo de la comunicación en la web y redes sociales de 143 organizaciones nacionales. Y por último, se han elaborado encuestas telefónicas a una muestra representativa, 90 organizaciones, para relacionar la presencia mediática con la mejora de su situación económica e imagen social. Esta triangulación metodológica nos permite alcanzar los objetivos de la investigación. Se destaca mayor visibilidad social del colectivo merced a un número creciente de apariciones mediáticas, lo que propicia un aumento del número de miembros, pero no de donaciones y una mejora del conocimiento sobre estas patologías.

Estatuto da Terra: debates políticos e as disputas pela forma da reforma agrária no primeiro governo militar

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Carmem Lúcia Gomes De Salis

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Em plena vigência da ditadura, em 30 de novembro de 1964, foi promulgado pelo governo militar de Humberto Alencar Castello Branco, o Estatuto da Terra, caracterizado enquanto um conjunto de dispositivos legais que definiam, entre outros fatores, o que era propriedade da terra no Brasil, bem como, os instrumentos necessários para se realizar a Reforma Agrária. Embora tenha sido aprovado pelo Congresso ainda no primeiro ano do governo, seu processo de elaboração e tramitação constituiu-se em um período de intensas discussões políticas acerca do alcance e da natureza que esta proposta deveria assumir.  Neste sentido, o presente artigo objetiva compreender as disputas políticas que ocorreram, mesmo sobre o regime de exceção, pela forma da Reforma Agrária. Para essa análise utilizamos, especialmente os discursos parlamentares proferidos nos meses que antecederam a aprovação da lei e as colunas publicadas na grande imprensa, pois essas fontes possibilitam refletir sobre os posicionamentos de diversos agentes envolvidos, como: políticos, associações patronais e o governo.

Automatic Detection and Positioning of Ground Control Points Using TerraSAR-X Multiaspect Acquisitions

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Montazeri, Sina; Gisinger, Christoph; Eineder, Michael; Zhu, Xiao xiang

2018-05-01

Geodetic stereo Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is capable of absolute three-dimensional localization of natural Persistent Scatterer (PS)s which allows for Ground Control Point (GCP) generation using only SAR data. The prerequisite for the method to achieve high precision results is the correct detection of common scatterers in SAR images acquired from different viewing geometries. In this contribution, we describe three strategies for automatic detection of identical targets in SAR images of urban areas taken from different orbit tracks. Moreover, a complete work-flow for automatic generation of large number of GCPs using SAR data is presented and its applicability is shown by exploiting TerraSAR-X (TS-X) high resolution spotlight images over the city of Oulu, Finland and a test site in Berlin, Germany.

PRÁTICAS, SABERES E MEMÓRIA GUARANI NA CONQUISTA DA TERRA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE CONFLITO NO LITORAL CATARINENSE

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CLOVIS ANTONIO BRIGHENTI

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Starting from the analysis of the process of demarcation of the Earth Indigenous Hill of the Horses, located in the municipal district of Thatched hut, state of Santa Catarina, we will look for to understand the relationship of the Brazilian State with that indigenous population. In spite of the land still not to be in the indigenous community's definitive ownership, for legal effects she is Declared. Along the process, that he/she had beginning in 1993, the indigenous community's participation has been decisive in the conquest of new stages and in the definition of the current limits. Interferences of several orders have been generating tensions and disturbances in the community, besides exposing the group and the demarcation process to the national public opinion, when a magazine of national circulation made reference to the group how being foreign. It is in that context that we will look for to analyze the process of conquest of the earth and conquest of the citizenship.RESUMO: A partir da análise do processo de demarcação da Terra Indígena Morro dos Cavalos, localizada no município de Palhoça, estado de Santa Catarina, buscaremos compreender o relacionamento do Estado brasileiro com essa população indígena. Apesar da Comunidade Indígena ainda não estar na posse definitiva da terra, para efeitos legais ela está Declarada. Ao longo do processo, que teve início em 1993, a participação da Comunidade Indígena tem sido decisiva na conquista de novas etapas e na definição dos limites atuais.Interferências de várias ordens têm gerado tensões e abalos na comunidade, inclusive expondo o grupo e o processo de demarcação à opinião pública nacional, quando uma revista de circulação nacional fazia referência ao grupo como sendo estrangeiros. É nesse contexto que buscaremos analisar o processo de conquista da terra e conquista da cidadania.

Vajilla de mesa (terra sigillata y cerámica engobada de la ciudad romana de Los Bañales (Uncastillo, Zaragoza = Roman Pottery (terra sigillata and engobada at the archaeological site of Los Bañales (Uncastillo, Zaragoza

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Elena Lasaosa Pardo

2014-12-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se presenta la vajilla de mesa (terra sigillata y cerámica engobada que consta entre los materiales cerámicos de la ciudad romana de Los Bañales (Uncastillo, Zaragoza, recuperados en los años setenta del siglo pasado por Antonio Beltrán Martínez. Con este trabajo se pretende aportar datos que ayuden en el estudio de la antigua ciudad ubicada en el lugar y enriquezcan la investigación que hay en ella y que ha sido retomada en los últimos años para el mejor conocimiento, conservación, puesta en valor y difusión de la ciudad.In the following pages, the material culture results, specifically terra sigillata and engobada pottery, obtained from a series of archaeological interventions undertaken in the 1970’s by the lecturer Antonio Beltrán, at the archeological site of Los Bañales (Uncastillo, Zaragoza, are presented. The aim of this article is to increase the information available on these ceramics and to provide a contribution towards a greater understanding of the historical city of Los Bañales. This study will also assist recent archaeological investigations on this historic site, by providing better information on the form, chronology and use of these ceramics and by communicating the results of this study to both the researchers and the interested public. It will also contribute to the culture heritage of Uncastillo through the conservation of the ceramic evidence and the public display of this material culture.

Comportamento de cultivares de milho verde em ecossistema de v?rzea e terra firme no estado do Amazonas.

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Di?genes, Haroldo Cunha

2011-01-01

O trabalho objetivou avaliar o comportamento de oito cultivares de milho com caracter?sticas para consumo no est?dio verde de matura??o e verificar a adaptabilidade aos ecossistemas de terra firme e v?rzea nas condi??es edafoclim?ticas dos munic?pios de Manaus e Iranduba no Estado do Amazonas. Os experimentos foram conduzidos no delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com arranjo fatorial 8 x 2 x 5 e quatro repeti??es. Os tratamentos foram definidos por oito cultivares de milho, em d...

MUDANÇAS DO USO DA TERRA E FRAGMENTAÇÃO DA PAISAGEM NO MUNICÍPIO DE CORRENTINA (BA DURANTE 1988-2008

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Luana Cristine da Silva Jardim Pinheiro

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetiva analisar a dinâmica do uso e cobertura da Terra no município de Correntina localizado no Oeste da Bahia durante os anos de 1988 a 2008. A metodologia adotada pode ser subdividida nas seguintes etapas: análise espacial e temporal dos padrões do uso da terra a partir de imagens de sensoriamento remoto; identificação das áreas destinadas à preservação permanente e análise da fragmentação da paisagem. No mapeamento do uso da terra e detecção de mudança foram utilizadas imagens PRISM/ALOS e uma série temporal do sensor TM/Landsat-5. A classe Agropecuária obteve o maior crescimento, passando de 8,45% em 1988 para 26,94% em 2008. Em contrapartida, a vegetação natural decresceu de 85,41% em 1988 para 62,99% em 2008. As áreas constituídas por pequenos agricultores situados na parte leste do município apresentaram a maior porcentagem de utilização indevida de áreas destinadas à preservação. A análise de fragmentação demonstrou que durante o período de análise houve um aumento do número dos fragmentos de vegetação natural e redução do tamanho médio. A expansão do uso agrícola apresenta correlação com outros municípios do Oeste da Bahia. Apesar de ainda ter uma alta porcentagem de área natural no município, o crescimento agrícola ocorre de forma acelerada devendo ser monitorado e gerido dentro de diretrizes sustentáveis. Desta forma, sistemas de monitoramento e campanhas educativas devem ser feitas para aumentar a consciência sobre o meio ambiente, evitando o uso de áreas com alta fragilidade ambiental e a geração de fragmentos isolados de vegetação

Características sensoriais, físicas e químicas e aceitação de arroz irrigado ou de terras altas

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Melissa Ferrari Pagnan

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Resumo:O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar química, física e sensorialmente três genótipos de arroz polido de cultivo irrigado e cinco de terras altas. Determinaram-se: a composição centesimal, o amido, a amilose, a temperatura de gelatinização (Tg, a absorção de água ao cozimento, a cor, a textura instrumental, o perfil sensorial e a aceitação de atributos. A composição centesimal e o teor de amido variaram entre os genótipos. O 'Moti' e a linhagem N2583 foram classificados como cerosos, 'Douradão' apresentou amilose muito baixa, e os demais genótipos, amilose baixa. 'Irga 417', 'Moti' e AB101002 apresentaram Tg baixa; 'Douradão', alta; e os demais, intermediária. O 'Moti' e a linhagem N2583 crus apresentaram os maiores valores de L*; no entanto, após o cozimento, esses valores diminuíram e foram idênticos em todos os genótipos. 'Arroz-da-terra' apresentou maior a*, 'BRS Primavera' e N2583 apresentaram maior b*; e após o cozimento, houve redução desses valores. Na análise sensorial, destacaram-se 'AN Cambará', por pontos escuros e formato alongado; AB101002, 'Irga 417' e 'BRS Primavera', pela firmeza, cor branca e grãos soltos, que foram bem aceitos; e o 'Moti', por ser pegajoso, macio e com brilho, foi o menos aceito. Os atributos sensoriais do arroz são mais associados a características químicas, intrínsecas ao genótipo, do que à atribuição de plantio a terras altas ou irrigadas.

Statistical Analysis of Deflation in Covariance and Resultant Pc Values for AQUA, AURA and TERRA

Science.gov (United States)

Hasan, Syed O.

2016-01-01

This presentation will display statistical analysis performed for raw conjunction CDMs received for the EOS Aqua, Aura and Terra satellites within the period of February 2015 through July 2016. The analysis performed indicates a discernable deflation in covariance calculated at the JSpOC after the utilization of the dynamic drag consider parameter was implemented operationally in May 2015. As a result, the overall diminution in the conjunction plane intersection of the primary and secondary objects appears to be leading to reduced probability of collision (Pc) values for these conjunction events. This presentation also displays evidence for this theory with analysis of Pc trending plots using data calculated by the SpaceNav CRMS system.

Renda da terra e o espaço urbano capitalista contemporâneo

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RENAN PEREIRA ALMEIDA

Full Text Available RESUMO Este trabalho visa expor e discutir quais correntes do pensamento econômico são capazes de apresentar formulações que dialoguem com a conformação espacial das cidades no capitalismo contemporâneo. Para isso, parte-se de uma apresentação dos pressupostos de um modelo neoclássico tradicional de Economia Urbana, seguido da apreciação crítica desse modelo. A partir dessa crítica, expõem-se as diversas visões das escolas de pensamento econômico em relação ao conceito de renda da terra, o qual é entendido como uma categoria de análise ainda útil para se entender tal estrutura espacial, bem como são fundamentais as considerações sobre as particularidades do urbano.

The MODIS cloud optical and microphysical products: Collection 6 updates and examples from Terra and Aqua

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Platnick, Steven; Meyer, Kerry G.; King, Michael D.; Wind, Galina; Amarasinghe, Nandana; Marchant, Benjamin; Arnold, G. Thomas; Zhang, Zhibo; Hubanks, Paul A.; Holz, Robert E.; Yang, Ping; Ridgway, William L.; Riedi, Jérôme

2018-01-01

The MODIS Level-2 cloud product (Earth Science Data Set names MOD06 and MYD06 for Terra and Aqua MODIS, respectively) provides pixel-level retrievals of cloud-top properties (day and night pressure, temperature, and height) and cloud optical properties (optical thickness, effective particle radius, and water path for both liquid water and ice cloud thermodynamic phases–daytime only). Collection 6 (C6) reprocessing of the product was completed in May 2014 and March 2015 for MODIS Aqua and Terra, respectively. Here we provide an overview of major C6 optical property algorithm changes relative to the previous Collection 5 (C5) product. Notable C6 optical and microphysical algorithm changes include: (i) new ice cloud optical property models and a more extensive cloud radiative transfer code lookup table (LUT) approach, (ii) improvement in the skill of the shortwave-derived cloud thermodynamic phase, (iii) separate cloud effective radius retrieval datasets for each spectral combination used in previous collections, (iv) separate retrievals for partly cloudy pixels and those associated with cloud edges, (v) failure metrics that provide diagnostic information for pixels having observations that fall outside the LUT solution space, and (vi) enhanced pixel-level retrieval uncertainty calculations. The C6 algorithm changes collectively can result in significant changes relative to C5, though the magnitude depends on the dataset and the pixel’s retrieval location in the cloud parameter space. Example Level-2 granule and Level-3 gridded dataset differences between the two collections are shown. While the emphasis is on the suite of cloud optical property datasets, other MODIS cloud datasets are discussed when relevant. PMID:29657349

Análise espaço-temporal da cobertura vegetal e uso da terra na Interbacia do Rio Paraguai Médio-MT, Brasil

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Seyla Poliana Miranda Pessoa

2013-02-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise espaço-temporal da cobertura vegetal e do uso da terra na Interbacia do Rio Paraguai Médio-MT, Brasil, pelo geoprocessamento de imagens Landsat TM, dos anos 1991, 2001 e 2011. As imagens foram georreferenciadas, classificadas e processadas no software Spring e as classes temáticas, quantificadas e editadas no software ArcGis. Foram mapeadas sete classes, sendo as mais expressivas a vegetação nativa, a pastagem e a cana-de-açúcar. Os resultados indicaram alterações em todas as classes durante os últimos 20 anos, com a diminuição de 22,89% da vegetação nativa, relacionada com o aumento de 58,42% da pastagem e 490,26% de monocultura de cana-de-açúcar. Foi verificado o conflito de uso da terra, principalmente em áreas de mata ciliar, fato que pode influenciar negativamente na conservação da interbacia e, consequentemente, do pantanal mato-grossense.

[Study on the relationship between Terra-MODIS image and the snail distribution in marshland of Jiangning county, Jiangsu province].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Bo; Zhang, Zhi-ying; Xu, De-zhong; Sun, Zhi-dong; Zhou, Xiao-nong; Gong, Zi-li; Liu, Shi-jun; Liu, Cheng; Xu, Bin; Zhou, Yun

2003-04-01

To analyze the relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the snail distribution in marshland of Jiangning county in Jiangsu province, and to explore the utility of Terra-MODIS image map in the small scale snail habitats surveillance. NDVI were extracted from MODIS image by vector chart of the snail distribution using ArcView 8.1 and ERDAS 8.5 software. The relationship between NDVI and the snail distribution were Investigated using Bivariate correlations and stepwise linear regression. The snail density on marshland was positively correlated with the mean NDVI in the first ten-day of May and the maximum NDVI (N(20max)) in the last ten-day of May. Incidence of pixel with the live snail on marshland was positively correlated with the mean NDVI (N(2mean)) in the first ten-day of May. An equation Y(1) = 0.009 47 x N(20max) (R(2) = 0.73), Y(2) = 0.018 6 x N(2mean) (R(2) = 0.906) was established. This study showed that the Terra-MODIS satellite images reflecting the status of the vegetation on marshland in Jiangning county could be applied to the study to supervise the snail habitat. The results suggested that MODIS images could be used to survey the small scale snail habitats on marshland.

Terra Cognita: Graduate Students in the Archives. A Retrospective on the CLIR Mellon Fellowships for Dissertation Research in Original Sources. CLIR Publication No. 170

Science.gov (United States)

Council on Library and Information Resources, 2016

2016-01-01

"Terra Cognita" surveys the current landscape of archival research and the experiences of emerging scholars seeking to navigate it. Drawing on data from the Council on Library and Information Resources' (CLIR's) Mellon Fellowships for Dissertation Research in Original Sources, the report takes an in-depth look at how the conditions and…

Forma rara de apresentação de corpo estranho traqueobrônquico simulando asma grave: Caso clínico Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration simulating asthma attack: A case report

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Miguel Guimarães

2007-03-01

Full Text Available O broncoespasmo é um dos sintomas clássicos de asma que pode ocorrer também em outras patologias. A aspiração de corpos estranhos traqueobrônquicos no adulto é uma dessas situações, que embora rara pode permanecer oculta por períodos de tempo prolongados. Os autores apresentam o caso clínico de um jovem asmático vítima de acidente de trabalho do qual resultou aspiração de corpo estranho pouco usual e só posteriormente reconhecido.Wheezing is a major symptom of asthma although it may be present in other pathologies. Foreign body aspiration a situation that often remains hidden for long periods of time. The authors present a case report of an asthmatic victim of workplace accident with aspiration of foreign body that was only suspected after some time.

Molecular composition of several soil organic matter fractions from anthropogenic black soils (Terra Preta de Índio) in Amazonia — A pyrolysis-GC/MS study

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Schellekens, Judith; Almeida-Santos, Taís; Macedo, Rodrigo Santana; Buurman, Peter; Kuyper, Thomas W.; Vidal-Torrado, Pablo

2017-01-01

The stability of soil organic matter (OM) in Amazonian anthropogenic soils, Terra Preta de Índio (TPI), is still not completely understood. The large contribution from black carbon (BC) and minerals to these soils is well-known; OM stability is therefore frequently explained by these properties,

Geology of the Terra Cimmeria-Utopia Planitia Highland Lowland Transitional Zone: Final Technical Approach and Scientific Results

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Skinner, J. A., Jr.; Tanaka, K. L.

2010-01-01

The southern Utopia highland-lowland transitional zone extends from northern Terra Cimmeria to southern Utopia Planitia and contains broad, bench-like platforms with depressions, pitted cones, tholi, and lobate flows. The locally occurring geologic units and landforms contrast other transitional regions and record a spatially partitioned geologic history. We systematically delineated and described the geologic units and landforms of the southern Utopia-Cimmeria highland-lowland transitional zone for the production of a 1:1,000,000-scale geologic map (MTMs 10237, 15237, 20237, 10242, 15242, 20242, 10247, 15247, and 20247). Herein, we present technical and scientific results of this mapping project.

Regional scale net radiation estimation by means of Landsat and TERRA/AQUA imagery and GIS modeling

Science.gov (United States)

Cristóbal, J.; Ninyerola, M.; Pons, X.; Llorens, P.; Poyatos, R.

2009-04-01

Net radiation (Rn) is one of the most important variables for the estimation of surface energy budget and is used for various applications including agricultural meteorology, climate monitoring and weather prediction. Moreover, net radiation is an essential input variable for potential as well as actual evapotranspiration modeling. Nowadays, radiometric measurements provided by Remote Sensing and GIS analysis are the technologies used to compute net radiation at regional scales in a feasible way. In this study we present a regional scale estimation of the daily Rn on clear days, (Catalonia, NE of the Iberian Peninsula), using a set of 22 Landsat images (17 Landsat-5 TM and 5 Landsat-7 ETM+) and 171 TERRA/AQUA images MODIS from 2000 to 2007 period. TERRA/AQUA MODIS images have been downloaded by means of the EOS Gateway. We have selected three different types of products which contain the remote sensing data we have used to model daily Rn: daily LST product, daily calibrated reflectances product and daily atmospheric water vapour product. Landsat-5 TM images have been corrected by means of conventional techniques based on first order polynomials taking into account the effect of land surface relief using a Digital Elevation Model, obtaining an RMS less than 30 m. Radiometric correction of Landsat non-thermal bands has been done following the methodology proposed by Pons and Solé (1994), which allows to reduce the number of undesired artifacts that are due to the effects of the atmosphere or to the differential illumination which is, in turn, due to the time of the day, the location in the Earth and the relief (zones being more illuminated than others, shadows, etc). Atmospheric correction of Landsat thermal band has been carried out by means of a single-channel algorithm improvement developed by Cristóbal et al. (2009) and the land surface emissivity computed by means of the methodology proposed by Sobrino and Raissouni (2000). Rn has been estimated through the

Logistic regression to estimate the welfare of broiler breeders in relation to environmental and behavioral variables Regressão logística para estimativa do bem-estar de matrizes pesadas em função de variáveis comportamentais e ambientais

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Danilo F Pereira

2011-02-01

Full Text Available The increasing demand of consumer markets for the welfare of birds in poultry house has motivated many scientific researches to monitor and classify the welfare according to the production environment. Given the complexity between the birds and the environment of the aviary, the correct interpretation of the conduct becomes an important way to estimate the welfare of these birds. This study obtained multiple logistic regression models with capacity of estimating the welfare of broiler breeders in relation to the environment of the aviaries and behaviors expressed by the birds. In the experiment, were observed several behaviors expressed by breeders housed in a climatic chamber under controlled temperatures and three different ammonia concentrations from the air monitored daily. From the analysis of the data it was obtained two logistic regression models, of which the first model uses a value of ammonia concentration measured by unit and the second model uses a binary value to classify the ammonia concentration that is assigned by a person through his olfactory perception. The analysis showed that both models classified the broiler breeder's welfare successfully.As crescentes demandas e exigências dos mercados consumidores pelo bem-estar das aves nos aviários têm motivado diversas pesquisas científicas a monitorar e a classificar o bem-estar em função do ambiente de criação. Diante da complexidade com que as aves interagem com o ambiente do aviário, a correta interpretação dos comportamentos torna-se uma importante maneira para estimar o bem-estar dessas aves. Este trabalho criou modelos de regressão logística múltipla capazes de estimar o bem-estar de matrizes pesadas em função do ambiente do aviário e dos comportamentos expressos pelas aves. No experimento, foram observados diversos comportamentos expressos por matrizes pesadas alojadas em câmara climática sob três temperaturas controladas e diferentes concentrações de am

Primary biliary cirrhosis and myopathy: an uncommon association Cirrose biliar primária e miopatia: uma rara associação

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Bruno Cupertino Migueletto

1999-10-01

Full Text Available Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC is a cholestatic liver disease, which is characterized by a chronic inflammatory destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts. It is a rare disorder whose precise etiology is still to be elucidated. Even though the liver is the principal target of PBC, other organ systems also might be affected. Muscular involvement has rarely been described in this disease, and in the majority of cases, muscular weakness has been interpreted as polymyositis. We report the case of a 48-year-old woman suffering from classic PBC, in association with a myopathy whose histological features are distinct from the cases reported before. We also performed a MEDLINE research for PBC and concomitant muscular diseases.A cirrose biliar primária (CBP é uma doença hepática colestática crônica de etiologia desconhecida e rara. Apesar do principal órgão acometido na CBP ser o fígado, outros órgãos podem também ser afetados. O acometimento muscular raramente tem sido relatado em pacientes com CBP e na maioria destes casos, a fraqueza muscular tem sido interpretada como Polimiosite. Nós relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 48 anos com CBP e miopatia com achados histopatológicos distintos dos casos anteriormente descritos e fizemos uma revisão da literatura sobre o acometimento muscular na CBP.

Contribuição ao estudo de uma metodologia alternativa para obtenção de dioxissulfeto de terras raras

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Santos Arnaud Victor dos

2001-01-01

Full Text Available In the last decade, many method has been developed to obtain oxysufides. However, theses materials were obtained by reaction involved gaseous toxics, CO, CS2, H2S and S. In the present work, the synthesis of lanthanum oxysufides actived by europium (III through an alternative method has been made. This method involve the rare earth sulfate reduction under an atmosphere of argon contained 10% hydrogen using the thermogravimetric technique. The results showed the formation of the phase TR2O2S (TR = La and Eu at temperatures which depend upon the heating rate, respectively 650 - 830ºC at 5ºC min-1 and 680 - 800ºC at 10ºC min-1. The oxysufides obtained are characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The method developed is more economic than the usual industrial methods and the environmental problems during the synthesis are also better controled.

Determination of rare earth elements in biomonitors by neutron activation; Determinacao de elementos terras raras em biomonitores por ativacao neutronica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Figueiredo, Ana M.G.; Saiki, Mitiko; Ticianelli, R.B. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Domingos, M.; Alves, E.S.; Marcelli, M.P. [Instituto de Botanica, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2000-07-01

The rare earth elements (REE) are becoming more and more important from the technological point of view, due to their increasing use in modern industry. Due to this fact, environmental contamination by REE may become significant, and little information are still available about biological effects of REE in plants, animals and human beings. The use of biomonitors to control environmental pollution has been an ecological and economical alternative in Europe and United Sates, to minimize the high costs of conventional equipment s. In the present paper, neutron activation analysis was employed to determine La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb and Lu in the lichen Canoparmelia texana and in Tillandsia usneoides, species that have been widely used as monitors of atmospheric pollution. The results showed an accumulation of REE in the biomonitors, indicating good possibilities of their utilization in the study of environmental contamination by REE. (author)

Synthesis, characterization and thermal behavior of rare earth amido sulfonates; Sintese, caracterizacao e comportamento termico de amidossulfonatos de terras raras

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Luiz, Jose Marques; Nunes, Ronaldo Spezia, E-mail: jmluiz@feg.unesp.br [Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Guaratingueta, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Engenharia. Departamento de Fisica e Quimica; Matos, Jivaldo do Rosario [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Instituto de Quimica

2013-09-01

Hydrated compounds prepared in aqueous solution by reaction between amidosulfonic acid [H{sub 3}NSO{sub 3}] and suspensions of rare earth hydroxycarbonates [Ln{sub 2}(OH){sub x}(CO{sub 3}){sub y}.zH{sub 2}O] were characterized by elemental analysis (% Ln, % N and % H), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetry (TG). The compounds presented the stoichiometry Ln(NH{sub 2}SO{sub 3}){sub 3}.xH{sub 2}O (where x = 1, 5, 2.0 or 3.0). The IR spectra showed absorptions characteristic of H{sub 2}O molecules and NH{sub 2}SO{sub 3} groups. Degree of hydration, thermal decomposition steps and formation of stable intermediates of the type [Ln{sub 2}(SO{sub 4}){sub 3}] and (Ln{sub 2}O{sub 2}SO{sub 4}), besides formation of their oxides, was determined by thermogravimetry. (author)

Study of rare earth separation by counter current electromigration; Estudo da separacao de terras raras por eletromigracao em contra corrente

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Correa, Sergio Machado

1995-08-01

The counter current electromigration (CCEM) is an electrophoretic technique where the charged species migrate on an electrical field toward an electrolytic flux. Usually this electrolyte is a complexing agent and is necessary to increase the small differences between the species mobilities. A new column was developed, all made of acrylic, in a cylindrical shape. A set of experiments was carried out with the species Na{sup +}/K{sup +}, K{sup +}/Sm{sup +3}, K{sup +}/Eu{sup +3} and K{sup +}/Sm{sup +3}/Eu{sup +3} using the {alpha}-hydrox i-isobutyric acid o,01 M as the counter current electrolytic flux. From a synthetic mixture of 90% of samarium and 10% of europium was obtained the samarium ion in a purity better than 99,9% where the concentration of Eu was determined by the polarography technique. The potassium ion was used as a leading electrolyte. It was also measured the mobilities of the involved species in the {alpha}-HIBA medium. Two models are proposed, a stationary model and a dynamic one. A simulator of a simplified stationary model, prepared in FORTRAN language, was developed and tested toward experimental results. (author)

TerraSAR-X basierte Pre- und Post- Desaster Analyse zur Abschätzung vulkanbedingter Landbedeckungsveränderungen Fallbeispiel: Merapi 2010

OpenAIRE

Kalia, Andre Cahyadi

2011-01-01

This work demonstrates how Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image analysis can successfully be used for supporting disaster and crisis-management concerning volcanic eruptions. In October/November 2010 the strato-volcano Mt. Merapi erupted leading to about 300 deaths and more than 380 000 refugees. Satellite imagery can be a very useful source to derive rapid crisis information for post-disaster relief efforts. Modern, space borne radar sensors like TerraSAR-X can deliver very high resolution r...

Radiometric Performance of the TerraSAR-X Mission over More Than Ten Years of Operation

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Marco Schwerdt

2018-05-01

Full Text Available The TerraSAR-X mission, based on two satellites, has produced SAR data products of high quality for a number of scientific and commercial applications for more than ten years. To guarantee the stability and the reliability of these highly accurate SAR data products, both systems were first accurately calibrated during their respective commissioning phases and have been permanently monitored since then. Based on a short description of the methods applied, this paper focuses on the radiometric performance including the gain and phase properties of the transmit/receiver modules, the antenna pattern checked by evaluating scenes acquired over uniformly distributed targets and the radiometric stability derived from permanently deployed point targets. The outcome demonstrates the remarkable performance of both systems since their respective launch.

Crónica, épica y novela: La Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España y "El mundo nuevo" de Terra Nostra

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Verónica Cortínez

2016-04-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo me propongo demostrar cómo el verdadero modelo genérico de "El mundo nuevo" (segunda parte de Terra Nostra es la Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España de Bernal Díaz del Castillo. Este texto presenta una vacilación contraria al espíritu épico de las demás crónicas de Indias que la convierte en "la primera novela hispanoamericana".   This article intends to show how the true generic model of "El mundo nuevo" (the second part of Terra Nostra is the Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España, by Bernal Díaz del Castillo. This text contains a vacillation contrary to the epic spirit of the other Crónicas de Indias which makes it the "first Spanish-American novel". In this novel, Fuentes exploits this fissure in order to give a new version of the conquest.

Laboratorio virtual. Preparación de disoluciones. Ejercicio I.

OpenAIRE

Milla González, Miguel

2015-01-01

En el ejercicio se simula la preparación de disoluciones que suelen ser habituales en el laboratorio. Después de calcular la cantidad de reactivo químico a pesar para obtener una disolución de una concentración determinada, se lleva a cabo la pesada. A continuación, se comprueba la operación con el fin de determinar si la cantidad pesada es correcta o no.

The MODIS Cloud Optical and Microphysical Products: Collection 6 Up-dates and Examples From Terra and Aqua

Science.gov (United States)

Platnick, Steven; Meyer, Kerry G.; King, Michael D.; Wind, Galina; Amarasinghe, Nandana; Marchant, Benjamin G.; Arnold, G. Thomas; Zhang, Zhibo; Hubanks, Paul A.; Holz, Robert E.;

Desempenho estrutural de protótipo de alvenaria construída com blocos de terra crua estabilizada

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Aluísio Braz Melo

Full Text Available Uma das dificuldades na difusão de tecnologias de construção não convencionais é a ausência de informações técnicas sobre os sistemas construtivos existentes. Exemplos de construção eco-eficiente, em pequena escala, feita com blocos de terra crua, desenvolvidos pelo Prof. Roberto Mattone, do Politecnico di Torino, Itália, podem ser encontrados no Brasil, Itália e Argentina. Estes blocos feitos com prensa manual apresentam intertravamentos entre si que melhoram a resistência e a rigidez da alvenaria. Testes em protótipos construídos com eles são necessários para atender as exigências técnicas e se obter credibilidade nas agências governamentais financiadoras. Este artigo apresenta resultados referentes a avaliação de desempenho estrutural de alvenaria (protótipo construído em escala real feita com blocos de terra crua estabilizada, mecânicamente por prensagem e químicamente por adição de cimento Portland. As avaliações de cargas de ocupação e impactos na alvenaria foram realizadas através de ensaios de impactos de corpo mole e de corpo duro, solicitações transmitidas por fechamentos bruscos de porta e solicitações de cargas provenientes de peças suspensas. A partir dos resultados pode-se afirmar que o protótipo apresentou desempenho satisfatório em relação à segurança estrutural. Destaca-se que os blocos avaliados tem grande potencial para reduzir o impacto ambiental das edificações.

Diversity and aspects of the ecology of social wasps (Vespidae, Polistinae in Central Amazonian "terra firme" forest

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Alexandre Somavilla

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Diversity and aspects of the ecology of social wasps (Vespidae, Polistinae in Central Amazonian "terra firme" forest. The knowledge of social wasp richness and biology in the Amazonian region is considered insufficient. Although the Amazonas state is the largest in the region, until now only two brief surveys were conducted there. Considering that the systematic inventory of an area is the first step towards its conservation and wise use, this study presents faunal data on social wasp diversity in a 25 km² area of "terra firme" (upland forest at the Ducke Reserve, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Wasps were collected in the understory, following a protocol of three collectors walking along 60 trails 1,000 m in extension for 16 days between August and October 2010. Methods used were active search of individuals with entomological nets and nest collecting. Fifty-eight species of social wasps, allocated in 13 genera, were recorded; 67% of the collected species belong to Polybia, Agelaia and Mischocyttarus; other genera were represented by only four species or less. The most frequent species in active searches were Agelaia fulvofasciata (DeGeer, 1773, Agelaia testacea (Fabricius, 1804 and Angiopolybia pallens (Lepeletier, 1836. Twelve species were collected in nests. Prior to this study, 65 Polistinae species were deposited at the INPA Collection. Collecting in the study grid, an area not previously sampled for wasps, resulted in an increase of 25% species, and species richness was 86. According to the results, there is evidence that the diversity of social wasps at the Ducke Reserve is even higher, making it one of the richest areas in the Brazilian Amazonia.

Urban remote sensing in areas of conflict: TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1 change detection in the Middle East

Science.gov (United States)

Tapete, Deodato; Cigna, Francesca

2016-08-01

Timely availability of images of suitable spatial resolution, temporal frequency and coverage is currently one of the major technical constraints on the application of satellite SAR remote sensing for the conservation of heritage assets in urban environments that are impacted by human-induced transformation. TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1A, in this regard, are two different models of SAR data provision: very high resolution on-demand imagery with end user-selected acquisition parameters, on one side, and freely accessible GIS-ready products with intended regular temporal coverage, on the other. What this means for change detection analyses in urban areas is demonstrated in this paper via the experiment over Homs, the third largest city of Syria with an history of settlement since 2300 BCE, where the impacts of the recent civil war combine with pre- and post-conflict urban transformation . The potential performance of Sentinel-1A StripMap scenes acquired in an emergency context is simulated via the matching StripMap beam mode offered by TerraSAR-X. Benefits and limitations of the different radar frequency band, spatial resolution and single/multi-channel polarization are discussed, as a proof-of-concept of regular monitoring currently achievable with space-borne SAR in historic urban settings. Urban transformation observed across Homs in 2009, 2014 and 2015 shows the impact of the Syrian conflict on the cityscape and proves that operator-driven interpretation is required to understand the complexity of multiple and overlapping urban changes.

Avaliação da aptidão agrícola das terras como subsídio ao assentamento de famílias rurais, utilizando sistemas de informações geográficas

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Elisângela Benedet da Silva

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Os assentamentos rurais no Brasil foram criados para responder a pressões localizadas e estão marcados pela falta de planejamento prévio de implantação e diagnóstico dos recursos naturais relativos a aptidão agrícola, distribuição das classes de relevo, hidrografia, vegetação e mecanismos de apoio. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a aptidão agrícola das terras destinadas ao assentamento de famílias rurais do Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (INCRA, aplicando o Sistema de Avaliação da Aptidão Agrícola das Terras (SAAT associado a um Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG no Projeto de Assentamento Eldorado dos Carajás (PAEC, localizado no município de Lebon Régis/SC. No desenvolvimento da pesquisa, optou-se por utilizar mapas temáticos em sistemas de informações geográficas (SIG para armazenar e integrar os dados espaciais. O uso do SIG permitiu a análise e integração dos temas com significativa redução de tempo e subjetividade nos cruzamentos. O uso do método forneceu duas respostas básicas ao planejamento de uso dos recursos naturais das áreas rurais: as classes de aptidão agrícola, apontando os principais fatores limitantes e a viabilidade de melhoramento das terras no nível tecnológico B; e, quando confrontado com os mapas temáticos e os dados cadastrais do assentamento, revelou as regularidades e irregularidades no uso das terras em cada parcela imobiliária.

Caracterização físico-química de amostras de mel de abelha africanizada dos municípios de Santa Helena e Terra Roxa (PR

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F.J. Moraes

2014-08-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo teve como objetivo a caracterização físico-química de amostras de mel de Apis mellifera coletadas nos municípios de Santa Helena e Terra Roxa, localizados na região oeste do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Foram coletadas 40 amostras de mel, sendo 20 do município de Santa Helena e 20 de Terra Roxa (PR, coletadas diretamente com os apicultores, as quais foram submetidas a análises físico-químicas de umidade, acidez, pH, cinzas, condutividade elétrica e cor, a fim de verificar se as mesmas apresentavam-se em conformidade com a legislação nacional vigente (Instrução Normativa nº 11, além de conhecer o perfil físico-químico do mel das diferentes localidades, na safra 2008/2009. Os dados encontrados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste F a 5% de significância. Os resultados apresentaram diferença significativa (P<0,05 apenas entre os valores de acidez, tendo o mel oriundo de Terra Roxa apresentado valor mais alto (33,45±7,7meq.kg-1 que o de Santa Helena (24,53±6,3meq.kg-1. Em sua maioria, as amostras analisadas encontraram-se dentro das especificações determinadas pela legislação para as características físico-químicas, com exceção do parâmetro de umidade, que, apesar de não ter apresentado diferença significativa entre os valores encontrados para os dois municípios, estavam acima do limite estabelecido pela legislação (20% em 8 amostras do município de Santa Helena e em 7 de Terra Roxa, totalizando 37,5% das amostras. Essa característica pode ter deixado o produto mais susceptível à fermentação e pode ter sido ocasionada pela colheita imatura do mel.

Miliardi e miliardi riflessioni di fine millennio sulla terra e i suoi inquilini

CERN Document Server

Sagan, Carl

1998-01-01

Carl Sagan, ancora una volta - l'ultima, purtroppo - ci mette a disposizione la sua esperienza (e le sue conoscenze) per vedere il mondo sotto una prospettiva diversa. Questa volta tuttavia, le domande a cui vuole dare risposta non sono soltanto scientifiche ma anche, soprattutto, umanistiche. Con gli occhiali dello scienziato, ma il cuore appassionato dell'uomo, Sagan affronta i temi che condizioneranno i nostri prossimi anni, dai piccoli - ma sorprendenti - problemi di ogni giorno, fino alle grandi domande sul futuro del Pianeta. Così, partendo dai servizi televisivi di Monday Night Football - una sorta di Domenica sportiva americana - Sagan ci accompagna fra le tribù dei cacciatori-raccoglitori che un tempo popolavano la Terra per arrivare a guardare da vicino il fragile equilibrio su cui poggia la vita. Allo stesso modo, prendendo spunto dall'invenzione degli scacchi, ci troviamo di fronte ai temi dell'esplosione demografica, della diffusione dell'Aids e a tutti quei fenomeni dove una piccola unità (un...

Observation of Drifting Icebergs and Sea Ice from Space by TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X

Science.gov (United States)

Won, Joong-Sun

2017-04-01

Detection and monitoring drifting icebergs and sea ice is of interest across wide range of Arctic and Antarctic coastal studies such as security of navigation, climatic impact, geological impact, etc. It is not easy to discriminate drifting ices from stationary ones, and to measure their drifting speeds. There is a potential to use space-borne SAR for this purpose, but it is difficult to precisely measure because the drift velocity is usually very slow. In this study, we investigate two approaches for discriminating drifting ices on the sea from surrounding static ones and for measuring their range velocity. The first method is to utilize the quad-pol TerraSAR-X which adopts dual receive antenna (DRA), and the second one is to examine the potential use of TanDEM-X bistatic along-track interferometry (ATI). To utilize DRA mode quad-pol SAR as ATI, it is necessary to remove the phase difference of scattering centers between transmitted H- and V-pol signals. By assume that the individual scattering center of returned signal does not change for a few inter-pulse periods, it is possible to measure the Doppler frequency induced by motion through measuring slow-time (or azimuth time) Doppler phase derivative of co-pol or cross-pol pairs. Results applied to TerraSAR-X quad-pol data over the Cape Columbia in the Arctic Ocean are to be presented and discussed. It was successful to detect and measure drift sea ice that was flowing away from the antenna with a velocity of about 0.37 m/s (or 1.4 km/h) to 0.67 m/s (or 2.4 km/h) while neighboring ones were static. A more sophisticated approach would be a bistatic ATI which exploits a long along-track baseline for observation of slowly moving ground objects. TanDEM-X bistatic ATI pairs are examined, which were acquired at an Antarctic coast. The ATI interferograms show an innovative capability of TanDEM-X/TerraSAR-X constellation. An along-track baseline of a few hundred meters is superior to a few meter baseline of DRA mode ATI

Two MODIS Aerosol Products over Ocean on the Terra and Aqua CERES SSF Datasets.

Science.gov (United States)

Ignatov, Alexander; Minnis, Patrick; Loeb, Norman; Wielicki, Bruce; Miller, Walter; Sun-Mack, Sunny; Tanré, Didier; Remer, Lorraine; Laszlo, Istvan; Geier, Erika

2005-04-01

Understanding the impact of aerosols on the earth's radiation budget and the long-term climate record requires consistent measurements of aerosol properties and radiative fluxes. The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Science Team combines satellite-based retrievals of aerosols, clouds, and radiative fluxes into Single Scanner Footprint (SSF) datasets from the Terra and Aqua satellites. Over ocean, two aerosol products are derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) using different sampling and aerosol algorithms. The primary, or M, product is taken from the standard multispectral aerosol product developed by the MODIS aerosol group while a simpler, secondary [Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) like], or A, product is derived by the CERES Science Team using a different cloud clearing method and a single-channel aerosol algorithm. Two aerosol optical depths (AOD), τA1 and τA2, are derived from MODIS bands 1 (0.644 μm) and 6 (1.632 μm) resembling the AVHRR/3 channels 1 and 3A, respectively. On Aqua the retrievals are made in band 7 (2.119 μm) because of poor quality data from band 6. The respective Ångström exponents can be derived from the values of τ. The A product serves as a backup for the M product. More importantly, the overlap of these aerosol products is essential for placing the 20+ year heritage AVHRR aerosol record in the context of more advanced aerosol sensors and algorithms such as that used for the M product.This study documents the M and A products, highlighting their CERES SSF specifics. Based on 2 weeks of global Terra data, coincident M and A AODs are found to be strongly correlated in both bands. However, both domains in which the M and A aerosols are available, and the respective τ/α statistics significantly differ because of discrepancies in sampling due to differences in cloud and sun-glint screening. In both aerosol products, correlation is observed between the retrieved

Tectonics of the southern escarpment of Ishtar Terra on Venus from observations of morphology and gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Janle, P.; Jannsen, D.

1984-01-01

Maxima of calculated topographical line-of-sight (LOS) gravity attractions caused by Ishtar Terra are shifted to the north with respect to the measured LOS free air gravity maxima south of the highland. This implies a tendency to isostatic compensation of central Ishtar and mass surpluses at the continental border and the southern forelands. The authors present a scenario compatible with the interpretation of the gravity anomalies and morphological features. The existence of global plate tectonics on Venus like on Earth is not necessarily implied, but at least limited horizontal movements of the Venusian lithosphere seem to be likely. This result shows that plate recycling must be considered for heat transfer through the lithosphere beside conduction and hot spot volcanism. (Auth.)

Mecanismos de abertura do sulco e da adubação nitrogenada em arroz de terras altas

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Vagner do Nascimento

2013-12-01

Full Text Available A cultura do arroz adapta-se pouco ao sistema plantio direto (SPD em razão da maior compactação da camada superficial do solo, devido ao intenso tráfego de máquinas e não mobilização do solo. Nesse caso, o mecanismo utilizado na semeadora para a abertura dos sulcos com a finalidade de deposição do adubo pode ter grande importância para facilitar a penetração das raízes e aumentar a porosidade do solo. Diante disso, propôs-se este estudo com o objetivo de avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produtividade do arroz de terras altas em sistema plantio direto, em razão de mecanismos de distribuição do adubo na semeadura e de doses de N em cobertura, em Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, utilizando-se um esquema fatorial 2 x 6, constituído por mecanismos de distribuição do adubo (haste escarificadora e disco duplo e de doses de N em cobertura (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 e 125 kg ha-1, com quatro repetições. Concluiu-se que os mecanismos de distribuição do fertilizante não interferiram na produtividade de grãos do arroz de terras altas; o mecanismo do tipo haste escarificadora promoveu maior altura de plantas e maior número de grãos cheios nos dois anos de cultivo; a aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura interferiu em algumas características agronômicas, produtivas e em componentes de rendimento de engenho; a produtividade do arroz aumentou até a dose de 69 kg ha-1 de N, no primeiro ano de cultivo.

Classification of agricultural fields using time series of dual polarimetry TerraSAR-X images

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S. Mirzaee

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Due to its special imaging characteristics, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR has become an important source of information for a variety of remote sensing applications dealing with environmental changes. SAR images contain information about both phase and intensity in different polarization modes, making them sensitive to geometrical structure and physical properties of the targets such as dielectric and plant water content. In this study we investigate multi temporal changes occurring to different crop types due to phenological changes using high-resolution TerraSAR-X imagers. The dataset includes 17 dual-polarimetry TSX data acquired from June 2012 to August 2013 in Lorestan province, Iran. Several features are extracted from polarized data and classified using support vector machine (SVM classifier. Training samples and different features employed in classification are also assessed in the study. Results show a satisfactory accuracy for classification which is about 0.91 in kappa coefficient.

Do recado da terra aos sinais das estrelas: as lendas e mitos como marcas identitárias em Mia Couto

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Tatiana Alves Soares Caldas

2015-06-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2176-8552.2016n20p185 Estórias Abensonhadas, livro de contos publicado em 1994, é marcado pela recuperação de valores e por um traço característico de praticamente todos os contos que o integram, e que se faz presente em muitas narrativas do período pós-colonial: a perspectiva do sonho em meio à violência e à guerra. Por meio de histórias que remetem a mitos e lendas do imaginário africano, ocorre o resgate de traços soterrados por um passado colonial e por guerras civis. O emergir da ancestralidade e das tradições locais surge como algo fundamental à construção de uma identidade moçambicana, numa proposta que se faz a partir dos valores da terra. Os contos que integram a obra traduzem a perspectiva do sonho em uma terra que aos poucos se reconstrói. Vendo em tais narrativas uma tentativa simultânea de resistência aos valores pragmáticos impostos pelo colonizador e de resgate de uma identidade calcada na oralidade e nos mitos de origem, nosso estudo busca analisar tais manifestações nos referidos contos como mecanismos de afirmação e de reconstrução de uma identidade nacional.

Envolving the Operations of the TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X Mission Planning System during the TanDEM-X Science Phase

OpenAIRE

Stathopoulos, Fotios; Guillermin, Guillaume; Garcia Acero, Carlos; Reich, Karin; Mrowka, Falk

2016-01-01

After the successful Global Coverage of the Digital Elevation Model, the TanDEM-X Science phase was initiated in September of 2014, dedicated to the demonstration of innovative techniques and experiments. The TanDEM-X Science phase had a large impact on the TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X Mission Planning System. The two main challenges were the formation flying changes and the activation of a new acquisition mode, the so called Dual Receive Antenna (DRA) acquisition mode. This paper describes all action...

Estimating Spatial and Temporal Variability in Surface Kinematics of the Inylchek Glacier, Central Asia, using TerraSAR–X Data

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Julia Neelmeijer

2014-09-01

Full Text Available We use 124 scenes of TerraSAR–X data that were acquired in 2009 and 2010 to analyse the spatial and temporal variability in surface kinematics of the debris-covered Inylchek Glacier, located in the Tien Shan mountain range in Central Asia. By applying the feature tracking method to the intensity information of the radar data and combining the results from the ascending and descending orbits, we derive the surface velocity field of the glaciated area. Analysing the seasonal variations over the upper part of the Southern Inylchek branch, we find a temperature-related increase in velocity from 25 cm/d up to 50 cm/d between spring and summer, with the peak occurring in June. Another prominent velocity peak is observable one month later in the lower part of the Southern Inylchek branch. This area shows generally little motion, with values of approximately 5–10 cm/d over the year, but yields surface kinematics of up to 25 cm/d during the peak period. Comparisons of the dates of annual glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs of the proglacial Lake Merzbacher suggest that this lower part is directly influenced by the drainage, leading to the observed mini-surge, which has over twice the normal displacement rate. With regard to the GLOF and the related response of Inylchek Glacier, we conclude that X–band radar systems such as TerraSAR–X have a high potential for detecting and characterising small-scale glacial surface kinematic variations and should be considered for future inter-annual glacial monitoring tasks.

Perfil dos Professores de Ciências Naturais do Recôncavo da Bahia - Alunos da Disciplina Terra e Universo no Curso de Ciências Naturais do Parfor

Science.gov (United States)

Lima, S. R.; Cerqueira Júnior, W.; Dutra, G.

2011-12-01

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido pelo projeto Astronomia no Recôncavo da Bahia, no Centro de Formação de Professores da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia. Traçamos o perfil de um grupo de professores que lecionam conteúdos de Ciências Naturais no recôncavo, alunos do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Naturais, oferecido dentro do Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica. Nosso objetivo era avaliar se eles estão preparados para trabalhar conteúdos de Astronomia e identificar suas dificuldades. Os resultados serviram para orientar o professor da disciplina “Terra e Universo”, oferecida no segundo semestre de 2010. Durante a primeira aula da disciplina Terra e Universo, os alunos responderam a um questionário contendo questões abertas e fechadas, divididas em duas partes. A primeira procurando caracterizar profissionalmente os alunos enquanto professores da rede pública da região do Recôncavo Sul da Bahia e uma segunda parte procurando identificar conhecimentos básicos em Astronomia. Os resultados indicam uma predominância de professores do sexo feminino, com idade superior aos 40 anos, pardos e sem formação específica para o ensino de ciências. A maioria leciona há mais de 15 anos para turmas do 1º ao 5º ano, alguns lecionam para turmas de 6º ao 9º ano. Quase todos nunca participaram de um curso de formação continuada em Astronomia. Além disso, não estão habituados a ler revistas especializadas e nem livros com esta temática. Os que procuram ensinar temas voltados para a Astronomia têm, no livro didático, a maior fonte de informação sobre o assunto. As respostas também indicam uma deficiência em conteúdos básicos como a compreensão da esfericidade da Terra, noções de verticalidade e gravidade, incapacidade de identificar a Terra como um planeta, no Sistema Solar, em uma galáxia, no Universo. Estes resultados ressaltam a importância de disciplinas de Astronomia básica na formação dos

Surface Current Measurements In Terra Nova Bay By Hf Radar

Science.gov (United States)

Flocco, D.; Falco, P.; Wadhams, P.; Spezie, G.

We present the preliminary results of a field experiment carried out within frame- work of the CLIMA project of the Italian National Programme for Antarctic Research (PNRA) and in cooperation with the Scott Polar Research Institute of Cambridge. Dur- ing the second period (02/12/1999-23/01/2000) of the XV Italian expedition a coastal radar was used to characterize the current field in the area of Terra Nova Bay (TNB). One of the aims of the CLIMA (Climatic Long-term Interactions for the Mass balance in Antarctica) project is to determine the role of the polynya in the sea ice mass bal- ance, water structure and local climate. The OSCR-II experiment was planned in order to provide surface current measurements in the area of TNB polynya, one of the most important coastal polynya of the Ross Sea. OSCR (Ocean Surface Current Radar) is a shore based, remote sensing system designed to measure sea surface currents in coastal waters. Two radar sites (a master and a slave) provide with radial current mea- surements; data combined from both sites yield the total current vector. Unfortunately the master and slave stations did not work together throughout the whole period of the experiment. A description of the experiment and a discussion of the results, will be proposed.

Parameter tuning in the support vector machine and random forest and their performances in cross- and same-year crop classification using TerraSAR-X

OpenAIRE

Sonobe, Rei; Tani, Hiroshi; Wang, Xiufeng; Kobayashi, Nobuyuki; Shimamura, Hideki

2014-01-01

This article describes the comparison of three different classification algorithms for mapping crops in Hokkaido, Japan, using TerraSAR-X data. In the study area, beans, beets, grasslands, maize, potatoes, and winter wheat were cultivated. Although classification maps are required for both management and estimation of agricultural disaster compensation, those techniques have yet to be established. Some supervised learning models may allow accurate classification. Therefore, comparisons among ...

Análise hidro-mecânica da barragem de terra e enrocamento UHE emborcação

OpenAIRE

Rocha, Daniel de Oliveira

2007-01-01

Esta pesquisa apresenta os resultados das análises acopladas de equilíbrio e fluxo (tensãodeformação- poropressão) em 3 dimensões (3D) da barragem UHE Emborcação, de propriedade da Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais. Na tentativa de avançar nos estudos do comportamento mecânico e hidráulico da barragem de terra e enrocamento da UHE Emborcação, realizaram-se os estudos divididos em três partes: análise da influência da anisotropia na permeabilidade na fase construção, análise ...

TERRA E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM FERRO DEXTRAN NO DESEMPENHO DE LEITÕES EM ALEITAMENTO LAND AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH IRON DEXTRAN IN THE PERFORMANCE OF PIGLETS

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Sergito de Souza Cavalcanti

2007-09-01

Full Text Available

Na central de Suínos de Goiás, no município de Senador Canedo, foi realizada esta pesquisa, onde se utilizou leitegada de quinze porcas Large White com a finalidade de se verificar o efeito da terra e de sua associação com ferro dextran no desempenho de leitões, aos 21 e 36 dias da idade. Os tratamentos utilizados foram os seguintes: T1 - 100 mg do ferro dextran via intramuscular no terceiro dia de vida dos leitões; T2 -50 mg de ferro dextran via intramuscular no terceiro dia de vida dos leitões mais 1,0 Kg de terra/dia do terceiro ao trigésimo quinto dia; T3 - 2,0 kg de terra/dia do terceiro ao trigésimo quinto dia de vida dos leitões. Observadas as condições em que foi realizado o experimento, conclui-se que: 1 a substituição de 50 mg de ferro dextran por 1,0 kg de terra/dia, do terceiro ao trigésimo quinto dia de vida dos leitões é tão eficiente quanto 100 mg de ferro dextran injetável intramuscularmente ao terceiro dia de vida; 2 o uso de 2,0 kg de terra diariamente do terceiro ao trigésimo quinto dia de vida dos leitões teve um desempenho inferior aos demais tratamentos.

This research was developed in the Central Pig Farm in the county of Senador Canedo in Goiás State. Litters from 15 Large White sows were used to investigate the effect of feeding ground and its association with iron dextran to piglets from the third day of age. The evaluation of the effects of the treatments in the development of the piglets was done at 21 and 35 days of age. The treatments were as follow: T1 - 100 mg of iron dextran, via intramuscular, at the third day of age; T2 - 50 mg of iron dextran, via intramuscular, at the third day of age in association with 1.0 kg of ground, fed daily from the third to the 35th day of age; T3 - 2.0 kg of ground, daily, from the third to the 35th day of age. After observing

The impact of rise of the Andes and Amazon landscape evolution on diversification of lowland terra-firme forest birds

Science.gov (United States)

Aleixo, A.; Wilkinson, M. J.

2011-12-01

Since the 19th Century, the unmatched biological diversity of Amazonia has stimulated a diverse set of hypotheses accounting for patterns of species diversity and distribution in mega-diverse tropical environments. Unfortunately, the evidence supporting particular hypotheses to date is at best described as ambiguous, and no generalizations have emerged yet, mostly due to the lack of comprehensive comparative phylogeographic studies with thorough trans-Amazonian sampling of lineages. Here we report on spatial and temporal patterns of diversification estimated from mitochondrial gene trees for 31 lineages of birds associated with upland terra-firme forest, the dominant habitat in modern lowland Amazonia. The results confirm the pervasive role of Amazonian rivers as primary barriers separating sister lineages of birds, and a protracted spatio-temporal pattern of diversification, with a gradual reduction of earlier (1st and 2nd) and older (> 2 mya) splits associated with each lineage in an eastward direction (the easternmost tributaries of the Amazon, the Xingu and Tocantins Rivers, are not associated with any splits older than > 2 mya). This "younging-eastward" pattern may have an abiotic explanation related to landscape evolution. Triggered by a new pulse of Andean uplift, it has been proposed that modern Amazon basin landscapes may have evolved successively eastward, away from the mountain chain, starting ~10 mya. This process was likely based on the deposition of vast fluvial sediment masses, known as megafans, which apparently extended in series progressively eastward from Andean sources. The effects on drainage patterns are apparent from the location of axial rivers such as the Negro / Orinoco and Madeira which lie at the distal ends of major megafan ramparts at cratonic margins furthest from the Andes. Megafan extension plausibly explains the progressive extinction of the original Pebas wetland of west-central Amazonia by the present fluvial landsurfaces where

Síndrome SAPHO: entidade rara ou subdiagnosticada? SAPHO syndrome: rare or under-diagnosed?

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Jozephina Gonçalves Guerra

2005-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever os achados clínicos, radiológicos e patológicos da síndrome SAPHO e sugerir que, apesar de ser considerada rara, esta síndrome deve estar sendo subdiagnosticada por clínicos e radiologistas, provavelmente em função do desconhecimento das suas características. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo de seis casos confirmados desta síndrome, dando-se ênfase aos achados clínicos (idade, sexo e sintomas e de imagem (cintilografia óssea, radiografia convencional, tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética. RESULTADOS: A manifestação clínica inicial de todos os pacientes foi dor na parede torácica ântero-superior há pelo menos quatro meses. Todos apresentavam achados de imagem de processo inflamatório e/ou osteíte e hiperostose nas articulações da parede torácica ântero-superior. As alterações cutâneas da síndrome, tipo pustulose palmoplantar, estiveram presentes em cinco dos seis pacientes. Em nenhum dos seis casos o diagnóstico foi sugerido na consulta clínica inicial ou na primeira interpretação das imagens feita por radiologistas não especialistas em sistema músculo-esquelético. CONCLUSÃO: Os nossos achados estão de acordo com os descritos na literatura, devendo ser considerado este diagnóstico em todo paciente que apresente quadro doloroso de parede torácica acompanhado de manifestações dermatológicas e/ou osteíte.OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical, imaging and pathological findings of SAPHO syndrome and to point out that although considered rare this syndrome may be under-diagnosed by clinicians and radiologists, probably due to unfamiliarity with its features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of six cases diagnosed in the last six years, with emphasis on clinical findings (age, sex and symptoms and imaging findings (bone scintigraphy, conventional x-ray, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging was conducted. RESULTS: The initial

Assessment of fish health around the Terra Nova oil development site on the Grand Banks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mathieu, A.; Hanlon, J.; Melvin, W.; French, B. [Oceans Ltd., St. John' s, NL (Canada); Myers, M. [Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA (United States); Williams, U.; Janes, G. [Petro-Canada, East Coast Operations, St. John' s, NL (Canada); Wight, F. [Husky Oil Operations Ltd., St. John' s, NL (Canada)

2010-07-01

American plaice are used as an indicator species for environmental effects monitoring (EEM) programs in the Grand Banks area of Newfoundland. This study reported on fish health studies conducted between 2000 to 2006 at the Terra Nova oil development site before and after the release of produced waters. A total of 500 fishes were studied for a 5-year period in order to evaluate health effect indicators including fish condition; visible skin and organ lesions; levels of mixed-function-oxygenase (MFO) enzymes; haematology; and various histopathological indices in the liver and gills. The study demonstrated slight elevations of MFO enzyme activity in fish from the development site in 2002, before the release of produced water. On the basis of the various studied indicators, results suggest that the project is not having a significant impact on the health of American plaice.

Assessment of fish health around the Terra Nova oil development site on the Grand Banks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mathieu, A.; Hanlon, J.; Melvin, W.; French, B.; Myers, M.; Williams, U.; Janes, G.; Wight, F.

2010-01-01

American plaice are used as an indicator species for environmental effects monitoring (EEM) programs in the Grand Banks area of Newfoundland. This study reported on fish health studies conducted between 2000 to 2006 at the Terra Nova oil development site before and after the release of produced waters. A total of 500 fishes were studied for a 5-year period in order to evaluate health effect indicators including fish condition; visible skin and organ lesions; levels of mixed-function-oxygenase (MFO) enzymes; haematology; and various histopathological indices in the liver and gills. The study demonstrated slight elevations of MFO enzyme activity in fish from the development site in 2002, before the release of produced water. On the basis of the various studied indicators, results suggest that the project is not having a significant impact on the health of American plaice.

Quality Assessment of Surface Current Fields From TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X Along-Track Interferometry and Doppler Centroid Analysis

OpenAIRE

Romeiser, Roland; Runge, Harmut; Suchandr, Steffan; Kahle, Ralph; Rossi, Cristian; Bell, Paul S.

2014-01-01

All existing examples of current measurements by spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) along-track (AT) interferometry (ATI) have suffered from short baselines and corresponding low sensitivities. Theoretically, the best data quality at X-band is expected at effective baselines on the order of 30 m, i.e., 30 times as long as the baselines of the divided-antenna modes of TerraSAR-X. In early 2012, we had a first opportunity to obtain data at near-optimum baselines from the TanDEM-X satelli...

Assessment of the Short-Term Radiometric Stability between Terra MODIS and Landsat 7 ETM+ Sensors

Science.gov (United States)

Choi, Taeyoung; Xiong, Xiaxiong; Chander, G.; Angal, Amit

2009-01-01

The Landsat 7 (L7) Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) sensor was launched on April 15th, 1999 and has been in operation for over nine years. It has six reflective solar spectral bands located in the visible and shortwave infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum (0.5 - 2.5 micron) at a spatial resolution of 30 m. The on-board calibrators are used to monitor the on-orbit sensor system changes. The ETM+ performs solar calibrations using on-board Full Aperture Solar Calibrator (FASC) and the Partial Aperture Solar Calibrator (PASC). The Internal Calibrator Lamp (IC) lamps, a blackbody and shutter optics constitute the on-orbit calibration mechanism for ETM+. On 31 May 2003, a malfunction of the scan-line corrector (SLC) mirror assembly resulted in the loss of approximately 22% of the normal scene area. The missing data affects most of the image with scan gaps varying in width from one pixel or less near the centre of the image to 14 pixels along the east and west edges of the image, creating a wedge-shaped pattern. However, the SLC failure has no impacts on the radiometric performance of the valid pixels. On December 18, 1999, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Proto-Flight Model (PFM) was launched on-board the NASA's EOS Terra spacecraft. Terra MODIS has 36 spectral bands with wavelengths ranging from 0.41 to 14.5 micron and collects data over a wide field of view angle (+/-55 deg) at three nadir spatial resolutions of 250 m, 500 in 1 km for bands 1 to 2, 3 to 7, and 8 to 36, respectively. It has 20 reflective solar bands (RSB) with spectral wavelengths from 0.41 to 2.1 micron. The RSB radiometric calibration is performed by using on-board solar diffuser (SD), solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM), space-view (SV), and spectro-radiometric calibration assembly (SRCA). Through the SV port, periodic lunar observations are used to track radiometric response changes at different angles of incidence (AOI) of the scan mirror. As a part of the AM

Synergistic Use of Satellite Volcano Detection and Science: A Fifteen Year Perspective of ASTER on Terra

Science.gov (United States)

Ramsey, M. S.

2014-12-01

The success of Terra-based observations using the ASTER instrument of active volcanic processes early in the mission gave rise to a funded NASA program designed to both increase the number of ASTER observations following an eruption and validate the satellite data. The urgent request protocol (URP) system for ASTER grew out of this initial study and has now operated in conjunction with and the support of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, the University of Alaska Fairbanks, the University of Hawaii, the USGS Land Processes DAAC, and the ASTER science team. The University of Pittsburgh oversees this rapid response/sensor-web system, which until 2011 had focused solely on the active volcanoes in the North Pacific region. Since that time, it has been expanded to operate globally with AVHRR and MODIS and now ASTER VNIR/TIR data are being acquired at numerous erupting volcanoes around the world. This program relies on the increased temporal resolution of AVHRR/MODIS midwave infrared data to trigger the next available ASTER observation, which results in ASTER data as frequently as every 2-5 days. For many targets, the URP has increased the observational frequency over active eruptions by as much 50%. The data have been used for operational response to new eruptions, longer-term scientific studies such as capturing detailed changes in lava domes/flows, pyroclastic flows and lahars. These data have also been used to infer the emplacement of new lava lobes, detect endogenous dome growth, and interpret hazardous dome collapse events. The emitted TIR radiance from lava surfaces has also been used effectively to model composition, texture and degassing. Now, this long-term archive of volcanic image data is being mined to provide statistics on the expectations of future high-repeat TIR data such as that proposed for the NASA HyspIRI mission. In summary, this operational/scientific program utilizing the unique properties of ASTER and the Terra mission has shown the potential for

Tropical land use land cover mapping in Pará (Brazil) using discriminative Markov random fields and multi-temporal TerraSAR-X data

Science.gov (United States)

Hagensieker, Ron; Roscher, Ribana; Rosentreter, Johannes; Jakimow, Benjamin; Waske, Björn

2017-12-01

Remote sensing satellite data offer the unique possibility to map land use land cover transformations by providing spatially explicit information. However, detection of short-term processes and land use patterns of high spatial-temporal variability is a challenging task. We present a novel framework using multi-temporal TerraSAR-X data and machine learning techniques, namely discriminative Markov random fields with spatio-temporal priors, and import vector machines, in order to advance the mapping of land cover characterized by short-term changes. Our study region covers a current deforestation frontier in the Brazilian state Pará with land cover dominated by primary forests, different types of pasture land and secondary vegetation, and land use dominated by short-term processes such as slash-and-burn activities. The data set comprises multi-temporal TerraSAR-X imagery acquired over the course of the 2014 dry season, as well as optical data (RapidEye, Landsat) for reference. Results show that land use land cover is reliably mapped, resulting in spatially adjusted overall accuracies of up to 79% in a five class setting, yet limitations for the differentiation of different pasture types remain. The proposed method is applicable on multi-temporal data sets, and constitutes a feasible approach to map land use land cover in regions that are affected by high-frequent temporal changes.

RARE TRIPLE ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF THE CEREBRAL ARTERIAL CIRCLE; Rara triple variación del círculo arterial cerebral.

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Joaquín García Pisón

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Se reporta la rara asociación de un aneurisma de arteria trigeminal persistente lateral derecha (Tipo II de Saltzman, aplasia del segmento pre-comunicante de ambas arterias cerebrales posteriores y la presencia de arterias cerebrales posteriores fetales en forma bilateral, en una mujer de 64 años que consultó de diplopía y parálisis del nervio abducens derecho, probablemente debida a compresión del nervio en el espacio latero-celar. Se realizó con éxito la embolización endovascular con coils, sin complicaciones inmediatas. Los hallazgos de CT, RM y angiografía son presentados. Aunque cada una de estas variaciones son infrecuentes en forma individual, la combinación de las mismas no ha sido reportada en la literatura hasta nuestro conocimiento, siendo de enorme importancia en el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico de pacientes con stroke de mecanismo embolico, así como para la planificación de procedimientos endovasculares diagnósticos y terapéuticos. We report the rare association of an aneurysm of a lateral right persistent trigeminal artery (Saltzman type II, bilateral aplasia of the pre-communicating segment of both posterior cerebral arteries and bilateral fetal posterior cerebral arteries, in a 64 years old woman who suffered from progressive diplopia and right abducens nerve palsy, most likely due to nerve compression in the latero-cellar space. Successful endovascular coils embolization of the aneurysm was performed, with no immediate complications. CT, MR and angiographic findings are presented. Although infrequent as single variations, the association of these three arterial variations has not been reported in literature to our knowledge, having special importance in the diagnostic workup and therapeutic procedures in a patient with an embolic stroke, as well as in the planification of intracranial endovascular diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Terra Preta Sanitation: A Key Component for Sustainability in the Urban Environment

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Thorsten Schuetze

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Terra Preta Sanitation (TPS plays a key role in sustainable sanitation (SuSan and in the sustainable management of resources such as water, energy, soil (agriculture, liquid and solid organic waste streams as well as in the development of sustainable urban environment and infrastructure systems. This paper discusses the advantages of, and requirements for, SuSan systems, focusing on TPS. Case studies showing the stepwise extension and re-development of conventional sanitation systems (CSS using TPS technologies and system approaches are presented and discussed. Decentralized TPS systems integrated in sustainable urban resource management were implemented in the German cities of Hamburg and Berlin. The compilation of best practice examples and findings using the newest TPS systems illustrates the immense potential of this approach for the transformation from conventional to SuSan systems. For this purpose, the potential savings of drinking water resources and the recycling potential of nutrient components are quantified. The results strongly suggest the need to encourage the development and application of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies, urban infrastructures, and resource management systems that have TP as a key component.

Enfermedades raras y catastróficas en un hospital del norte peruano: Características y factores asociados a la mortalidad

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Mario J. Valladares-Garrido

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: El objetivo fue determinar las características y los factores asociados a la mortalidad en los pacientes atendidos por enfermedades raras (ER y catastróficas (EC en un hospital de la seguridad social del norte peruano. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico, se utilizaron datos reportados de pacientes atendidos en un hospital del norte del Perú durante el año 2013. Se caracterizó a los pacientes, las enfermedades y se obtuvieron datos estadísticos de asociación. Resultados: De los 2316 pacientes, 2135 (92% tuvieron EC y 181 (8% ER. La enfermedad más común fue la insuficiencia renal crónica inespecífica (43%, pero la deficiencia hereditaria del factor VIII fue la que generó mayor gasto total (más de 850 426,35 € y por cada paciente (2115,49 €. En el análisis multivariado se encontró asociación con la mortalidad al sexo femenino (p<0,001, RPa: 1,76, IC95%:1,67-1,86, la edad (p<0,001, RPa: 1,02, IC95%:1,01-1,03 y la cantidad de días hospitalizados (p<0,001, RPa: 1,08, IC95%:1,07- 1,09, ajustando por el tipo de enfermedad. Conclusión: Existen características económicas y factores asociados a la mortalidad en los pacientes atendidos en nuestro medio, por lo que deberían realizarse más investigaciones para conocer mejor sobre este grupo, ya que generalmente se encuentra desatendido.

Ecological aspects and molecular detection of Leishmania DNA Ross (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in terra firme and várzea environments in the Middle Solimões Region, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Pereira Júnior, Antonio Marques; Teles, Carolina Bioni Garcia; de Azevedo dos Santos, Ana Paula; de Souza Rodrigues, Moreno; Marialva, Eric Fabrício; Pessoa, Felipe Arley Costa; Medeiros, Jansen Fernandes

2015-03-25

Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are insects of medical importance due to the role that some species play in the transmission of leishmaniasis. This work aimed to study some ecological aspects among sand flies fauna inhabiting two different environments: the várzea (lowland Amazonian forest) and terra firme (upland Amazonian forest), both located in Tefé Municipality, Amazonas State, Braziland to detect Leishmania infection in those phlebotomine populations. Sand flies were collected using HP light traps. Collection took place over the course of six months: January, February, April, August, September, and October of 2013. To detect natural infection by Leishmania, DNA samples were extracted from female sand flies and submitted to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting the kDNA gene; Leishmania species were identified by PCR-RFLP targeting the hsp70 gene and genetic sequencing. In all, 5,716 individuals were collected, and 46 species were identified. Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis (3,330 - 58.26%) and Nyssomyia antunesi (661 - 11.26%) were the most abundant species. Species richness was greater in terra firme environments (42 species) than in the várzea environments (22 species), and forests ecotopes (43 species) were richer than peridomiciles (28 species). DNA of Leishmania was found in Th. ubiquitalis and Psychodopygus davisi, both of which inhabit the terra firme environment and sequencing analysis confirmed the presence of Leishmania (Viannia) lainsoni DNA in Th. ubiquitalis in Tefé Municipality. The high abundance of Th. ubiquitalis and Ps. davisi and detection of DNA of Leishmania sp. may indicate that both species could be putative vectors for American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) in the terra firme environment of Tefé. The sand fly fauna found in várzea is rich and diverse, exhibiting several species, nevertheless the seasonal hydric stress during part of the year that could influence the local diversity, if compared with other studies

Comportamento agronômico de cultivares de arroz de terras altas na Região Sul do Estado do Tocantins

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Leila Paula Tonello

2016-08-01

Full Text Available A avaliação comportamental de cultivares adaptados às variações edafoclimáticas é essencial para a recomendação de material genético ao produtor, visando maior rentabilidade e, principalmente, almejando o crescimento regional. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o comportamento agronômico de cultivares de arroz de terras altas em diferentes safras sob solo de vegetação de Cerrado do sul do Estado do Tocantins. Os experimentos foram conduzidos nos anos agrícolas de 2008/2009, 2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2011/2012 e 2012/2013 com as cultivares BRS-Bonança, BRS-Primavera e BRSMG-Conai. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualisados com quatro repetições, num esquema fatorial 3 x 5, constituído por três genótipos e cinco anos. As características avaliadas foram número de dias para florescimento, altura da planta, massa de cem grãos e produtividade de grãos. As maiores produtividades de grãos de arroz de terras altas foram alcançadas na safra 2012/13, que apresentou maior volume e melhor distribuição da precipitação pluvial; O tempo de florescimento foi menor e maior para as cultivares BRSMG-Conai e BRS-Bonança respectivamente; A cultivar BRS-Primavera apresentou as maiores produtividades de grãos nos diferentes anos sob solo de vegetação de Cerrado no sul do Estado do Tocantins.

Effects of the Terra Nova offshore oil development on benthic macro-invertebrates over 10 years of development drilling on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, Canada

Science.gov (United States)

Paine, Michael D.; DeBlois, Elisabeth M.; Kilgour, Bruce W.; Tracy, Ellen; Pocklington, Patricia; Crowley, Roger D.; Williams, Urban P.; Gregory Janes, G.

2014-12-01

This paper describes effects of drilling with water and synthetic-based drilling muds on benthic macro-invertebrates over 10 years at the Terra Nova offshore oil development. As such, the paper provides insight on the effects of relatively new synthetic-based drilling muds (SBMs), and makes an important contribution to our understanding of the long-term chronic effects of drilling on benthic communities. The Terra Nova Field is located approximately 350 km offshore on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland (Canada). Sediment and invertebrate samples were collected in 1997 (baseline) prior to drilling, and subsequently in 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008 and 2010. Approximately 50 stations were sampled in each year at distances of less than 1 to approximately 20 km from drill centres. Summary benthic invertebrate community measures examined were total abundance, biomass, richness, diversity and multivariate measures of community composition based on non-Metric Dimensional Scaling (nMDS). Decreases in abundance, biomass and richness were noted at one station located nearest (0.14 km) to a drill centre in some environmental effects monitoring (EEM) years. These decreases coincided with higher levels of tracers of drill muds in sediments (barium and >C10-C21 hydrocarbons). Abundances of selected individual taxa were also examined to help interpret responses when project-related effects on summary measures occurred. Enrichment effects on some tolerant taxa (e.g., the polychaete family Phyllodocidae and the bivalve family Tellinidae) and decreased abundances of sensitive taxa (e.g., the polychaete families Orbiniidae and Paraonidae) were detected to within approximately 1-2 km from discharge source. Lagged responses three to five years after drilling started were noted for Phyllodocidae and Tellinidae, suggesting chronic or indirect effects. Overall, results of benthic community analyses at Terra Nova indicate that effects on summary measures of community composition were

TURISMO NO POVOADO DE TERRA CAÍDA/INDIROBA/SE: Do individual ao comunitário

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Maria Geralda De Almeida

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O propósito deste artigo é o de discutir a introdução do turismo rural no povoado Terra Caída no município de Indiaroba, em Sergipe. Especificamente, pretendeu-se caracterizar os aspectos físicos e culturais que sustentam a prática do turismo local e identificar as estratégias utilizadas pela comunidade para inserção na prática do turismo. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram realizadas pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, complementadas pelos trabalhos de campo, com observação direta e sistemática e entrevistas com líderes comunitários. O povoado tem na pesca tradicional a sua principal fonte de ocupação e renda, a qual, nos últimos tempos, vem apresentando transformações quanto ao potencial de produção e garantia de ocupação dos habitantes da localidade, além de ser pressionada pelas atividades de carcinicultura, com sérias transformações na (reorganização sócio espacial e territorial da localidade. Também foram considerados para esta reflexão os aspectos do turismo no espaço rural de base comunitária como fator de reorganização territorial e desenvolvimento local. Para tanto, analisou-se o nível de organização social local e sua interface com o desenvolvimento do turismo, bem como o papel da Associação pela Cidadania dos Pescadores e Moradores do Povoado Terra Caída, Município de Indiaroba/SE, na implementação do turismo local. Nos resultados observaram-se os fatores determinantes para a inserção da comunidade na atividade turística frente ao modelo adotado pelas políticas públicas e iniciativa privada. Conclui-se que o fetiche promovido pela atividade turística foi percebido pelas lideranças locais que acreditavam nessa alternativa. Percebeu-se, no entanto, que as estratégias implementadas pela comunidade local apresentam-se fragilizadas, necessitando de novos impulsos. Palavras-chave: Turismo. Meio Rural. Espaços Socioeconômicos. Comunidade Local. 

Kyanite from the Deep Freeze Range, Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skinner, D.N.B.; Estrada, S.

2002-01-01

During GANOVEX VII in 1992, kyanite was discovered in quartz veins on the southwest flank of Mt Levick, in the Deep Freeze Range, Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica. The quartz veins cut an isoclinally (D 1 ) folded sequence of low-grade (Mu-Bt-Crd±And±St) pelitic schist with associated para-amphibolites, calc-silicates, and quartzites (Priestley Formation), which forms the western, steeply dipping to overturned limb of a D 2 , kilometric fold. The schists grade northeastwards into higher grade schists (Kfs-Sil-Crd) of the low-angle upper limb of the D 2 fold, and thus the regional metamorphism postdates the fold. D 3 southeast-verging folds lie on the upper limb. The kyanite crystals (up to 3.5 cm long) occur with paragonitic muscovite and minor plagioclase (An 36 . The quartz veins and saddle reefs are cleaved and boudinaged, but the kyanite shows only mild deformation suggesting late tectonic growth. There is no indication that the host schists entered the stability field of kyanite. The change in P-T conditions that promoted the growth of kyanite appears to have been transient and temporally insufficient to allow the country rocks to react. It is suggested that the action of the nearby Boomerang Thrust bringing older gneiss over the Priestley Formation schists could have generated the D 3 folds and provided the necessary overpressure conditions for the kyanite to grow from the quartz vein fluids. (author). 23 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab

Uso da terra e perda de solo na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Colônia, Bahia

OpenAIRE

Silva,Vinícius de A.; Moreau,Mauricio S.; Moreau,Ana M. S. dos S.; Rego,Neylor A. C.

2011-01-01

Mudanças no uso da terra muitas vezes potencializam a erosão hídrica acarretando perda de água, solo, nutriente e matéria orgânica dos sistemas agrícolas, razão por que se estimou a perda de solo na bacia hidrográfica do rio Colônia, na Bahia, nos últimos vinte e sete anos, utilizando-se o software SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). Para tal, procedeu-se à digitalização de mapas temáticos, interpretação de fotografias aéreas de 1975; classificação supervisionada de imagens de satélites de...

Simulação do manejo do nitrogênio em arroz de terras altas com o modelo ORYZA/APSIM 2000

OpenAIRE

Stone, Luís F.; Heinemann, Alexandre B.

2012-01-01

É importante definir a estratégia de manejo da adubação nitrogenada para o arroz de terras altas, pois o nitrogênio é o nutriente mais absorvido pelas plantas dessa cultura e, devido à facilidade de lixiviação no solo, pode poluir o meio ambiente. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho simular, com o modelo ORYZA/APSIM 2000, diferentes estratégias de manejo da adubação nitrogenada visando maximizar a produtividade e minimizar a lixiviação de N. Na simulação foi considerada a aplicação da dose de 100...

Estimación de riesgo sobre la salud de población/trabajadores de región industrial por contaminación de partículas suspendidas totales y óxido de azufre

OpenAIRE

Rincón Polo, Gladys; Cremades Oliver, Lázaro Vicente

2013-01-01

En regiones donde coexisten industrias pesadas con centros poblados, los trabajadores de esas industrias no sólo están expuestos a riesgos por contaminación dentro del ámbito de trabajo, sino además, están expuestos constantemente por vivir en un ambiente contaminado por las emisiones de las industrias para las cuales trabajan. En Venezuela en una franja costera de unos 90 km, cohabitan 11 industrias pesadas (petroquímicas, petroleras y cementeras) que emiten aproximadamente 4790 t/año de par...

Slope Superficial Displacement Monitoring by Small Baseline SAR Interferometry Using Data from L-band ALOS PALSAR and X-band TerraSAR: A Case Study of Hong Kong, China

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Fulong Chen

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Owing to the development of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR platforms, and in particular the increase in the availability of multi-source (multi-band and multi-resolution data, it is now feasible to design a surface displacement monitoring application using multi-temporal SAR interferometry (MT-InSAR. Landslides have high socio-economic impacts in many countries because of potential geo-hazards and heavy casualties. In this study, taking into account the merits of ALOS PALSAR (L-band, good coherence preservation and TerraSAR (X-band, high resolution and short revisit times data, we applied an improved small baseline InSAR (SB-InSAR with 3-D phase unwrapping approach, to monitor slope superficial displacement in Hong Kong, China, a mountainous subtropical zone city influenced by over-urbanization and heavy monsoonal rains. Results revealed that the synergistic use of PALSAR and TerraSAR data produces different outcomes in relation to data reliability and spatial-temporal resolution, and hence could be of significant value for a comprehensive understanding and monitoring of unstable slopes.

Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo: uma causa rara de choque cardiogênico simulando infarto agudo do miocárdio Takotsubo cardiomiopathy: a rare cause of cardiogenic shock simulating acute myocardial infarction

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Jayro Thadeu Paiva de Vasconcelos

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo é uma causa rara de aneurisma ventricular esquerdo agudo, na ausência de coronariopatia, só recentemente descrita na literatura mundial. Os sintomas podem assemelhar-se aos do infarto agudo do miocárdio com dor torácica típica. A imagem do balonamento ventricular sugestivo de haltere ou "Takotsubo" (dispositivo utilizado no Japão para prender Octopus é característico desta nova síndrome e usualmente há desaparecimento do movimento discinético até o 18º dia do início dos sintomas, em média.Takotsubo Cardiomiopathy is a rare cause of acute left ventricular aneurysm, in the absence of coronariopathy, only recently described in world literature. Symptoms may be similar to those from acute myocardial infarction with typical thoracic pain. The image of dumbbell or Takotsubo (a device used in Japan to capture octopus suggestive ventricular ballooning is characteristic of that new syndrome and there is usually the disappearing of dyskinetic movement up to the 18th day from the beginning of the symptoms, in average.

Anomalia de Ebstein detectada in utero e síndrome de Down: diagnóstico pré-natal de uma combinação rara Intrauterine detection of Ebstein's anomaly and Down's syndrome: prenatal diagnosis of a rare combination

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Maria de Fátima M.P. Leite

2004-04-01

Full Text Available A anomalia de Ebstein é uma doença rara, embora seja a malformação mais comum da valva tricúspide. A associação com outras síndromes e anomalias extracardíacas é muito incomum e matéria de poucos relatos de caso. Apresenta-se um caso de diagnóstico pré-natal de anomalia de Ebstein em um paciente com síndrome de Down.Ebstein's anomaly, although the most common malformation of the tricuspid valve, is a rare disease. Its association with other syndromes and extracardiac anomalies is very rare and has been reported in only a few cases. A case of prenatal diagnosis of Ebstein's anomaly in a patient with Down's syndrome is reported.

Neural networks for oil spill detection using TerraSAR-X data

Science.gov (United States)

Avezzano, Ruggero G.; Velotto, Domenico; Soccorsi, Matteo; Del Frate, Fabio; Lehner, Susanne

2011-11-01

The increased amount of available Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images involves a growing workload on the operators at analysis centers. In addition, even if the operators go through extensive training to learn manual oil spill detection, they can provide different and subjective responses. Hence, the upgrade and improvements of algorithms for automatic detection that can help in screening the images and prioritizing the alarms are of great benefit. In this paper we present the potentialities of TerraSAR-X (TS-X) data and Neural Network algorithms for oil spills detection. The radar on board satellite TS-X provides X-band images with a resolution of up to 1m. Such resolution can be very effective in the monitoring of coastal areas to prevent sea oil pollution. The network input is a vector containing the values of a set of features characterizing an oil spill candidate. The network output gives the probability for the candidate to be a real oil spill. Candidates with a probability less than 50% are classified as look-alikes. The overall classification performances have been evaluated on a data set of 50 TS-X images containing more than 150 examples of certified oil spills and well-known look-alikes (e.g. low wind areas, wind shadows, biogenic films). The preliminary classification results are satisfactory with an overall detection accuracy above 80%.

One year observations of atmospheric reactive gases (O3, CO, NOx, SO2) at Jang Bogo base in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica

Science.gov (United States)

Siek Rhee, Tae; Seo, Sora

2016-04-01

Antarctica is a remote area surrounded by the Southern Ocean and far from the influence of human activities, giving us unique opportunity to investigate the background variation of trace gases which are sensitive to the human activities. Korean Antarctic base, Jang Bogo, was established as a unique permanent overwintering base in Terra Nova Bay in February, 2014. One year later, we installed a package of instruments to monitor atmospheric trace gases at the base, which includes long-lived greenhouse gases, CO2, CH4, and N2O, and reactive gases, O3, CO, NOx, and SO2. The atmospheric chemistry observatory, where these scientific instruments were installed, is located ca. 1 km far from the main building and power plant, minimizing the influence of pollution that may come from the operation of the base. Here we focus on the reactive gases measured in-situ at the base; O3 displays a typical seasonal variation with high in winter and low in summer with seasonal amplitude of ~18 ppb, CO was high in September at ~56 ppb, probably implying the invasion of lower latitude air mass with biomass burning, and low in late summer due to photochemical oxidation. NO did not show clear seasonal variation, but SO2 reveals larger values in summer than in winter. We will discuss potential atmospheric processes behind these first observations of reactive gases in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica.

GEOTECNOLOGY APPLIED TO CURRENT LAND USE EVALUATION OF RIBEIRÃO JOÃO LEITE WATERSHED, GOIÁS, BRAZIL GEOTECNOLOGIA APLICADA NA AVALIAÇÃO DO USO DAS TERRAS DA MICROBACIA DO RIBEIRÃO JOÃO LEITE, GOIÁS

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Marco Túlio Guimarães Silva

2009-10-01

;">KEY-WORDS: Agricultural potential; geoprocessing; remote sensing; watersheds.

O desenvolvimento agropecuário no Estado de Goiás demanda utilização crescente de terras, por vezes de maneira inadequada, podendo proporcionar degradação ambiental. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a adequação do uso das terras na Microbacia do Ribeirão João Leite, Goiás, Brasil (entre 16°13´S e 16°39´S, e 48°57´S e 49°11´W, utilizando-se geotecnologias. Por meio do software Spring, foram gerados mapas temáticos, baseados nos fatores determinantes das condições agrícolas das terras (deficiência de fertilidade, água e oxigênio, impedimento à mecanização e susceptibilidade à erosão, para a elaboração dos mapas de aptidão agrícola, das terras da área de estudo, nos manejos B e C. Foi, também, elaborado o mapa de uso e ocupação das terras, o qual foi, posteriormente, submetido a operações de tabulação cruzada com os mapas gerados de aptidão agrícola, obtendo-se a adequação do uso das terras. Os resultados constataram que a maior parte das terras da área estudada apresenta utilização de acordo ou abaixo do seu potencial agrícola, com 71,34% e 66,16%, respectivamente, nos níveis de manejo B e C. Observou-se, ainda, que apenas 1,81% (manejo B e 0,92% (manejo C da área apresentam suas terras com uso inadequado. Estes resultados caracterizam sustentabilidade da utilização agropecuária das terras da Microbacia do Ribeirão João Leite.

À minha terra: leitura do sentimento nativista na poesia de Maia Ferreira e Gonçalves Dias

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Júlio César Vieira

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, analisaremos as configurações do nativismo em dois poetas de língua portuguesa: o brasileiro Antônio Gonçalves Dias (1823-1864 e o angolano José da Silva Maia Ferreira (1827-1881. Contemporâneos entre si, ambos os poetas escrevem sob a égide do Romantismo e apresentam os temas comuns a este movimento literário. A leitura que propomos buscará compreender as aproximações e os distanciamentos possíveis da produção destes poetas com relação ao tratamento dado ao sentimento de nacionalidade, o qual se apresenta, principalmente em Canção do exílio e À minha terra, de Gonçalves Dias e Maia Ferreira, respectivamente.

Pneumonia por Rhodococcus equi em doente VIH (+: A propósito de uma associação rara

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Paula Esteves

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A infecção humana por Rhodococcus equi, mesmo no contexto da infecção pelo VIH, é relativamente rara. Os autores apresentam o caso clínico de um indivíduo, infectado pelo VIH, que apresentava um quadro clínico e imagiológico compatível com pneumonia, cujos exames iniciais revelaram a presença de Pneumocystis jiroveci. Após realização de terapêutica específica, perante a manutenção do quadro clínico-imagiológico, procedeu-se à realização de novos exames complementares, tendo sido identificado a presença de Rhodococcus equi no lavado broncoalveolar. Com instituição de terapêutica dirigida a este agente, verificou--se progressiva melhoria clínica e imagiológica. Os autores efectuam uma revisão bibliográfica da pneumonia por Rhodococcus equi, salientando a raridade desta associação e a elevada sobrevida observada. Abstract: The human infection by Rhodococcus equi, even in the presence of HIV infection, remains a rare disease. The authors present a case report of pneumonia, occurring in a HIV (+ man. After identifying Pneumocystis jiroveci in the BAL, despite proper medication, the patient didn’t improve. Another BAL was performed and a Rhodoccus equi isolated. The therapeutic regimen was changed according to this finding and the patient improved. The authors make a review of the literature, focusing on the rarity of this association and the high survival observed. Palavras-chave: Rhodococcus equi, Pneumocystis jiroveci, VIH, Key-words: Rhodococcus equi, Pneumocystis jiroveci, HIV

Análise da dinâmica espacial da ocupação das terras e seus conflitos de uso no perímetro urbano de Santa Maria - RS (1975 - 2002 Spatial dynamic analysis of the land occupation and their conflicts of use in the urban perimiter of Santa Maria - RS (1975 - 2002

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Fabrício de Araújo Pedron

2006-12-01

Full Text Available As cidades brasileiras, em escala variável, têm apresentado problemas resultantes do uso indevido do espaço urbano, principalmente, em relação aos recursos naturais. Neste caso, o estudo da dinâmica de uso das terras é importante na compreensão dos processos ocorridos no ambiente urbano. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a dinâmica espacial e temporal de ocupação das terras em áreas urbanas de Santa Maria - RS, determinando seus conflitos de uso através do Sistema de Avaliação do Potencial de Uso Urbano das Terras (SAPUT, considerando informações do período de 1975 a 2002. O uso urbano das terras cresceu de 9%, em 1975, para 33%, em 2002. Os conflitos de uso das terras aumentaram de 19%, em 1975, para 37%, em 1995, reduzindo para 33% em 2002. Os principais problemas de uso indevido das terras se relacionam à fragilidade do material geológico e do recurso solo para uso em construções e agricultura urbana.The Brazilian cities have been facing problems due to the improper use of the urban space, mainly, related to the natural resources. In this case, the study of the dynamics of land use is important in the understanding of the processes occured in the urban environment. This research was aimed at analysing the space and temporal dynamics of land occupation in urban areas of Santa Maria - RS, Brazil, determining the conflicts of the land use through the Urban Land Use Potencial System (SAPUT, considering information from 1975 to 2002. The urban land use raised from 9% in 1975 to 33% in 2002. The conflicts of land use have increased from 19% in 1975, to 37% in 1995, reducing to 33% in 2002. The main problems of the improper land use are linked to the fragility of the geological material and soil resource when used for constructions and urban agriculture.

Development of an Operational System for the Retrieval of Aerosol and Land Surface Properties from the Terra Multi-Angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer

Science.gov (United States)

Crean, Kathleen A.

2003-01-01

An operational system to retrieve atmospheric aerosol and land surface properties using data from the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument, currently flying onboard NASA's Terra spacecraft, has been deployed. The system is in full operation, with new data products generated daily and distributed to science users worldwide. This paper describes the evolution of the system, from initial requirements definition and prototyping through design, implementation, testing, operational deployment, checkout and maintenance activities. The current status of the system and future plans for enhancement are described. Major challenges encountered during implementation are detailed.

Day And Night In Terra Meridiani

Science.gov (United States)

2004-01-01

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] Released 11 June 2004 This pair of images shows part of the Terra Meridiani region. Day/Night Infrared Pairs The image pairs presented focus on a single surface feature as seen in both the daytime and nighttime by the infrared THEMIS camera. The nighttime image (right) has been rotated 180 degrees to place north at the top. Infrared image interpretation Daytime: Infrared images taken during the daytime exhibit both the morphological and thermophysical properties of the surface of Mars. Morphologic details are visible due to the effect of sun-facing slopes receiving more energy than antisun-facing slopes. This creates a warm (bright) slope and cool (dark) slope appearance that mimics the light and shadows of a visible wavelength image. Thermophysical properties are seen in that dust heats up more quickly than rocks. Thus dusty areas are bright and rocky areas are dark. Nighttime: Infrared images taken during the nighttime exhibit only the thermophysical properties of the surface of Mars. The effect of sun-facing versus non-sun-facing energy dissipates quickly at night. Thermophysical effects dominate as different surfaces cool at different rates through the nighttime hours. Rocks cool slowly, and are therefore relatively bright at night (remember that rocks are dark during the day). Dust and other fine grained materials cool very quickly and are dark in nighttime infrared images. Image information: IR instrument. Latitude 1.3, Longitude 0.5 East (359.5 West). 100 meter/pixel resolution. Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with

Caracterização do grânulo de amido de bananas (Musa AAA-Nanicão e Musa AAB-Terra)

OpenAIRE

Freitas,M.C.J.; Tavares,D.de Q.

2005-01-01

O amido de bananas tem sido pesquisado na área de nutrição a partir da introdução do conceito de Amido Resistente. O amido de Musa AAA-Nanicão e Musa AAB-Terra foram caracterizados quanto as suas respostas fisiológicas [12]. Em continuidade, o presente trabalho estudou características físicas e morfológicas dos grânulos de amido de ambas as espécies de banana comparando-as com amido nativo de milho comercial. O amido de bananas foi extraído segundo CHIANG, CHU & CHU [3]. A morfologia dos ...

Desintensificação do uso da terra e sua relação com a erosão do solo Disintensification of land use and its relation with soil erosion

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Alexandre ten Caten

2012-09-01

Full Text Available A conservação dos recursos naturais tais como solo e água, deve ser preocupação de governos e instituições. Processos erosivos são responsáveis pela degradação desses recursos, em várias partes do globo. Objetivou-se, com este estudo, avaliar a dinâmica da cobertura da terra em uma região de topografia complexa e empregar a equação universal de perda de solos modificada (RUSLE para quantificar a perda de solos em decorrência da erosão. O uso da terra no distrito de Vale Vêneto, município de São João do Polêsine na região central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, foi avaliado em imagens Landsat nos anos de 1988, 2000 e 2007. A análise espaço temporal do uso da terra indica que as áreas de floresta tiveram um aumento de 16,2% no período de 19 anos. As áreas de agricultura sofreram uma diminuição de 57,5%, no mesmo período. A erosão bruta específica sofreu uma redução de 44%, de 1988 a 2007. Verificou-se que a desintensificação do uso da terra leva a uma configuração mais favorável de conservação do solo e mitigação da erosão. É provável que as mudanças ocorridas no uso da terra estejam relacionadas à não reprodução das famílias rurais que, anteriormente, cultivavam áreas impróprias para a atividade agrícola nesta região.Conservation of natural resources such as soil and water should be a concern of governments and institutions. Erosion processes are responsible for the degradation of these important resources in many parts of the globe. The aim of this study was to assess the land cover dynamics in a region of complex landscape and employ the modified universal soil loss equation (RUSLE to quantify soil loss due to erosion. The land use in the district of Vale Veneto, São João do Polêsine in central region of Rio Grande do Sul, was evaluated in Landsat images of 1988, 2000 and 2007. The spatial and temporal analysis of the land use indicates that the forest areas had a 16.2% increase over

Modernização, combate à pobreza e mercado de terras: Uma análise das políticas do Banco Mundial para agricultura e desenvolvimento rural (1944-2003

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João Márcio Mendes Pereira

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Resumo O artigo analisa a atuação do Banco Mundial (BM em agricultura e desenvolvimento rural (ADR desde a sua fundação até o ano de 2003, com ênfase para a sua dimensão política. Conclui que, a partir dos anos 1960, o BM cumpriu um papel relevante na formulação, articulação, indução e catalisação de políticas transnacionais e nacionais de ADR, contribuindo para alargar o espaço social de valorização do capital na agricultura e acelerar a mercantilização das terras rurais. Já as iniciativas voltadas para a redução da pobreza rural, praticadas de modo variável e irregular desde 1968, deixaram um legado de difícil mensuração e avaliação, sobretudo porque buscaram preservar - ao invés de combater - a concentração da propriedade da terra.

Application of a Terrestrial LIDAR System for Elevation Mapping in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica

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Hyoungsig Cho

2015-09-01

Full Text Available A terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR system has high productivity and accuracy for topographic mapping, but the harsh conditions of Antarctica make LIDAR operation difficult. Low temperatures cause malfunctioning of the LIDAR system, and unpredictable strong winds can deteriorate data quality by irregularly shaking co-registration targets. For stable and efficient LIDAR operation in Antarctica, this study proposes and demonstrates the following practical solutions: (1 a lagging cover with a heating pack to maintain the temperature of the terrestrial LIDAR system; (2 co-registration using square planar targets and two-step point-merging methods based on extracted feature points and the Iterative Closest Point (ICP algorithm; and (3 a georeferencing module consisting of an artificial target and a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS receiver. The solutions were used to produce a topographic map for construction of the Jang Bogo Research Station in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica. Co-registration and georeferencing precision reached 5 and 45 mm, respectively, and the accuracy of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM generated from the LIDAR scanning data was ±27.7 cm.

Application of a Terrestrial LIDAR System for Elevation Mapping in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica.

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Cho, Hyoungsig; Hong, Seunghwan; Kim, Sangmin; Park, Hyokeun; Park, Ilsuk; Sohn, Hong-Gyoo

2015-09-16

A terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) system has high productivity and accuracy for topographic mapping, but the harsh conditions of Antarctica make LIDAR operation difficult. Low temperatures cause malfunctioning of the LIDAR system, and unpredictable strong winds can deteriorate data quality by irregularly shaking co-registration targets. For stable and efficient LIDAR operation in Antarctica, this study proposes and demonstrates the following practical solutions: (1) a lagging cover with a heating pack to maintain the temperature of the terrestrial LIDAR system; (2) co-registration using square planar targets and two-step point-merging methods based on extracted feature points and the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm; and (3) a georeferencing module consisting of an artificial target and a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. The solutions were used to produce a topographic map for construction of the Jang Bogo Research Station in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica. Co-registration and georeferencing precision reached 5 and 45 mm, respectively, and the accuracy of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generated from the LIDAR scanning data was ±27.7 cm.

O discurso sobre a terra italiana nas Geórgicas de Virgílio

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Thaíse Pereira Bastos Silva Pio

2017-12-01

Full Text Available As Geórgicas (37-30 a.C. constituem um poema sobre a vida rural e as diversas atividades agrícolas: o cultivo dos cereais, a arboricultura, em especial o cultivo da vinha, a criação dos rebanhos e a apicultura. Cada um dos quatro livros que compõem a obra descreve uma atividade específica, por meio do discurso eminentemente didático. Ao longo da obra, porém, notam-se diversas passagens digressivas, em que o poeta narra sobre outros temas, em geral, de cunho religioso, mitológico e filosófico. Uma destas passagens, conhecida como Laudes Italiae, versos 136 a 176 do II canto, constitui um verdadeiro hino de louvor às terras italianas. Intentamos verificar a relevância de alguns dos temas tratados nos referidos versos das Geórgicas, considerando, sobretudo, o contexto de produção da obra, e buscando compreender o seu significado dentro deste poema didático.

Wind-Eroded Crater Floors and Intercrater Plains, Terra Sabaea, Mars

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Irwin, Rossman P.; Wray, James J.; Mest, Scott C.; Maxwell, Ted A.

2018-02-01

Ancient impact craters with wind-eroded layering on their floors provide a record of resurfacing materials and processes on early Mars. In a 54 km Noachian crater in Terra Sabaea (20.2°S, 42.6°E), eolian deflation of a friable, dark-toned layer up to tens of meters thick has exposed more resistant, underlying light-toned material. These layers differ significantly from strata of similar tone described in other regions of Mars. The light-toned material has no apparent internal stratification, and visible/near-infrared spectral analysis suggests that it is rich in feldspar. Its origin is ambiguous, as we cannot confidently reject igneous, pyroclastic, or clastic alternatives. The overlying dark-toned layer is probably a basaltic siltstone or sandstone that was emplaced mostly by wind, although its weak cementation and inverted fluvial paleochannels indicate some modification by water. Negative-relief channels are not found on the crater floor, and fluvial erosion is otherwise weakly expressed in the study area. Small impacts onto this crater's floor have exposed deeper friable materials that appear to contain goethite. Bedrock outcrops on the crater walls are phyllosilicate bearing. The intercrater plains contain remnants of a post-Noachian thin, widespread, likely eolian mantle with an indurated surface. Plains near Hellas-concentric escarpments to the north are more consistent with volcanic resurfacing. A 48 km crater nearby contains similar dark-over-light outcrops but no paleochannels. Our findings indicate that dark-over-light stratigraphy has diverse origins across Mars and that some dark-toned plains with mafic mineralogy are not of igneous origin.

MOPITT Mechanisms 16 Years In-Orbit Operation on TERRA

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Gibson, Andrew S.; Nichitiu, Florian; Caldwell, Dwight

2016-01-01

The 16th anniversary of the launch of NASA's Terra Spacecraft was marked on December 18, 2015, with the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument being a successful contributor to the NASA EOS flagship. MOPITT has been enabled by a large suite of mechanisms, allowing the instrument to perform long-duration monitoring of atmospheric carbon monoxide, providing global measurements of this important greenhouse gas for 16 years. Mechanisms have been successfully employed for scanning, cooling of detectors, and to optically modulate the gas path length within the instrument by means of pressure and gas cell length variation. The instrument utilizes these devices to perform correlation spectroscopy, enabling measurements with vertical resolution from the nadir view, and has thereby furthered understanding of source and global transport effects of carbon monoxide. Given the design requirement for a 5.25-year lifetime, the stability and performance of the majority of mechanisms have far surpassed design goals. With 16 continuously operating mechanisms in service on MOPITT, including 12 rotating mechanisms and 4 with linear drive elements, the instrument was an ambitious undertaking. The long life requirements combined with demands for cleanliness and optical stability made for difficult design choices including that of the selection of new lubrication processes. Observations and lessons learned with regards to many aspects of the mechanisms and associated monitoring devices are discussed here. Mechanism behaviors are described, including anomalies, long-term drive current/power, fill pressure, vibration and cold-tip temperature trends. The effectiveness of particular lubrication formulations and the screening method implemented is discussed in relation to continuous rotating mechanisms and stepper motors, which have exceeded 15 billon rotations and 2.5 billion steps respectively. Aspects of gas cell hermeticity, optical cleanliness, heater problems

Dureza complexométrica del agua. Práctica interactiva.

OpenAIRE

Milla González, Miguel

2011-01-01

En este ejercicio se simula la determinación de la dureza de una muestra de agua por complexometría con AEDT disódico como valorante y negro de eriocromo T como indicador. En la parte de introducción se exponen los principios básicos de la determinación complexométrica de la dureza de un agua simulando mediante animaciones las reacciones que tienen lugar antes y durante la valoración. Se prepara a continuación la disolución del valorante mediante pesada y disolución de la cantidad pesada en u...

Development of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays to track treatment response in retinoid resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia

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Jelena V Jovanovic

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Molecular detection of minimal residual disease (MRD has become established to assess remission status and guide therapy in patients with PML-RARA+ acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL. However, there are few data on tracking disease response in patients with rarer retinoid resistant subtypes of APL, characterized by PLZF-RARA and STAT5b-RARA. Despite their relative rarity (<1% of APL we identified 6 cases (PLZF-RARA, n=5; STAT5b-RARA, n=1, established the respective breakpoint junction regions and designed real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR assays to detect leukemic transcripts. The relative level of fusion gene expression in diagnostic samples was comparable to that observed in t(15;17-associated APL, affording assay sensitivities of ~1 in 104-105. Serial samples were available from 2 PLZF-RARA APL patients. One showed persistent PCR positivity, predicting subsequent relapse, and remains in CR2, ~11 years post-autograft. The other, achieved molecular remission (CRm with combination chemotherapy, remaining in CR1 at 6 years. The STAT5b-RARA patient failed to achieve CRm following frontline combination chemotherapy and ultimately proceeded to allogeneic transplant on the basis of a steadily rising fusion transcript level. These data highlight the potential of RQ-PCR detection of MRD to facilitate development of more individualized approaches to the management of rarer molecularly-defined subsets of acute leukemia.

Terra-cotta figurines from the Roman theatre of Malaga (Spain: An archaeometric study

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Compaña, J. M.

2014-06-01

Full Text Available A series of 22 figured Phoeno-Punic and Roman terra-cottas, of high relevant archaeological and patrimonial values, have been studied. The samples were recovered in the Roman Theatre of Malaga (Spain. A thorough analysis including stereomicroscopy, elemental analysis by WDXRF, mineralogical analysis by XRPD coupled with the Rietveld method, and SEM, has been carried out. Highly diluted fused glass beads probed to be enough for the X-ray fluorescence analyses, minimizing the damage to the samples. For selected samples, in addition to the classical use of the Rietveld method, the G-factor external-standard approach has been employed to get full quantitative crystalline and amorphous phase analysis. The analytical results allow proposing a local regional provenance for the main part of the samples, being a relevant data for several artifacts, not contextualized due to stratigraphic alterations in the site. In addition, some relevant samples, for instance a theatrical mask fragment (TRC005, are likely foreign. The overall amorphous is not negligible in phase quantification, accounting for up to 50 wt %. Technologically, all terra-cotta samples are similar, made of calcareous clays, fired at ~700-950 ºC.Se han estudiado 22 terracotas figuradas feno-púnicas y romanas, de alto valor arqueológico y patrimonial. Las muestras proceden de las excavaciones del Teatro romano de Málaga (España. El análisis realizado incluye estereomicroscopía, análisis elemental mediante WDXRF, análisis mineralógico cuantitativo mediante el método de Rietveld de los datos de XRPD y SEM. Para minimizar el daño realizado a las muestras, se prepararon perlas muy diluidas, que han demostrado ser suficientes para los análisis de fluorescencia de rayos-X. Para muestras selectas, además del análisis usual mediante el método de Rietveld, se ha utilizado el método del estándar externo mediante el factor-G para obtener análisis cuantitativos de fases cristalinas y

Equação de predição da exigência de proteína bruta para aves reprodutoras pesadas na fase de produção Prediction equation of crude protein requirements for broiler breeders hens

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Carlos Bôa-Viagem Rabello

2002-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar as exigências de proteína para aves reprodutoras pesadas através do método fatorial. A exigência de proteína bruta para mantença (PBm foi determinada por intermédio da técnica do balanço de nitrogênio por meio de ensaio de metabolismo com aves submetidas a quatro dietas com níveis decrescentes de proteína, proporcionando balanço positivo, próximo a zero e negativo. Para determinar a exigência de proteína bruta para o ganho de peso (PBg dois experimentos foram conduzidos, sendo que em um, determinou-se as exigências líquidas de nitrogênio e no outro, a eficiência de utilização do nitrogênio para o ganho, por meio de abates semanais de aves no período de 26 a 33 semanas de idade. A exigência de proteína bruta para produção de ovos (PBo foi determinada através de análises semanais de proteína bruta dos ovos coletados, no período de 31 a 37 semanas de idade, considerando a eficiência de deposição da proteína no ovo. A exigência e eficiência de utilização da proteína para mantença foram 2.282 mg PB/kg0,75/dia e 60,79%; respectivamente. As exigências de PBg e PBo determinadas foram: 356 mg PB/g e 262 mg PB/g, respectivamente, e as eficiências de utilização do nitrogênio, 40 e 46,80%, respectivamente. A equação de predição elaborada para aves reprodutoras pesadas na fase de produção foi: PB=2,282.P0,75+0,356.G+0,262.MO, onde PB é a exigência de proteína bruta (g/ave/dia, P o peso corporal (kg, G o ganho de peso (g/dia e MO a massa de ovos (g/dia.The objective of this study was to determine the protein requirement for broiler breeder hens using factorial method. The requirement of crude protein for maintenance (CPm was determined using nitrogen balance technique in metabolism assay. The birds were fed with four protein levels in order to get a positive, a close to zero and a negative nitrogen balance. To determine the crude protein weight gain

Análise espaço-temporal da cobertura vegetal e uso da terra na Interbacia do Rio Paraguai Médio-MT, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Pessoa,Seyla Poliana Miranda; Galvanin,Edinéia Aparecida dos Santos; Kreitlow,Jesã Pereira; Neves,Sandra Mara Alves da Silva; Nunes,Josué Ribeiro da Silva; Zago,Bruno Wagner

2013-01-01

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise espaço-temporal da cobertura vegetal e do uso da terra na Interbacia do Rio Paraguai Médio-MT, Brasil, pelo geoprocessamento de imagens Landsat TM, dos anos 1991, 2001 e 2011. As imagens foram georreferenciadas, classificadas e processadas no software Spring e as classes temáticas, quantificadas e editadas no software ArcGis. Foram mapeadas sete classes, sendo as mais expressivas a vegetação nativa, a pastagem e a cana-de-açúcar. Os resultados ...

The Impact of Rise of the Andes and Amazon Landscape Evolution on Diversification of Lowland terra-firme Forest Birds

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Aleixo, Alexandre; Wilkinson, M. Justin

2011-01-01

Since the 19th Century, the unmatched biological diversity of Amazonia has stimulated a diverse set of hypotheses accounting for patterns of species diversity and distribution in mega-diverse tropical environments. Unfortunately, the evidence supporting particular hypotheses to date is at best described as ambiguous, and no generalizations have emerged yet, mostly due to the lack of comprehensive comparative phylogeographic studies with thorough trans-Amazonian sampling of lineages. Here we report on spatial and temporal patterns of diversification estimated from mitochondrial gene trees for 31 lineages of birds associated with upland terra-firme forest, the dominant habitat in modern lowland Amazonia. The results confirm the pervasive role of Amazonian rivers as primary barriers separating sister lineages of birds, and a protracted spatio-temporal pattern of diversification, with a gradual reduction of earlier (1st and 2nd) and older (> 2 mya) splits associated with each lineage in an eastward direction. (The easternmost tributaries of the Amazon, the Xingu and Tocantins Rivers, are not associated with any splits older than > 2 mya). For the suboscine passerines, maximum-likelihood estimates of rates of diversification point to an overall constant rate over the past 5 my (up to a significant downturn at 300,000 y ago). This "younging-eastward" pattern may have an abiotic explanation related to landscape evolution. Triggered by a new pulse of Andean uplift, it has been proposed that modern Amazon basin landscapes may have evolved successively eastward, away from the mountain chain, starting approximately 10 mya. This process was likely based on the deposition of vast fluvial sediment masses, known as megafans, that may have extended progressively and in series eastward from Andean sources. This process plausibly explains the progressive extinction of original Pebas wetland of western-central Amazonia by the present fluvial landsurfaces of a more terra-firme type

Geochemical evidence for African dust and volcanic ash inputs to terra rossa soils on carbonate reef terraces, northern Jamaica, West Indies

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Muhs, D.R.; Budahn, J.R.

2009-01-01

The origin of red or reddish-brown, clay-rich, "terra rossa" soils on limestone has been debated for decades. A traditional qualitative explanation for their formation has been the accumulation of insoluble residues as the limestone is progressively dissolved over time. However, this mode of formation often requires unrealistic or impossible amounts of carbonate dissolution. Therefore, where this mechanism is not viable and where local fluvial or colluvial inputs can be ruled out, an external source or sources must be involved in soil formation. On the north coast of the Caribbean island of Jamaica, we studied a sequence of terra rossa soils developed on emergent limestones thought to be of Quaternary age. The soils become progressively thicker, redder, more Fe- and Al-rich and Si-poor with elevation. Furthermore, although kaolinite is found in all the soils, the highest and oldest soils also contain boehmite. Major and trace element geochemistry shows that the host limestones and local igneous rocks are not likely source materials for the soils. Other trace elements, including the rare earth elements (REE), show that tephra from Central American volcanoes is not a likely source either. However, trace element geochemistry shows that airborne dust from Africa plus tephra from the Lesser Antilles island arc are possible source materials for the clay-rich soils. A third, as yet unidentified, source may also contribute to the soils. We hypothesize that older, more chemically mature Jamaican bauxites may have had a similar origin. The results add to the growing body of evidence of the importance of multiple parent materials, including far-traveled dust, to soil genesis.

Educação popular, saúde e segurança alimentar em áreas do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra

OpenAIRE

Bianca RÜCKERT; Marília Carla de Mello GAIA

2014-01-01

Este artigo analisa o desenvolvimento de uma ação educativa em segurança alimentar e nutricional envolvendo o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra, na região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. A partir do registro da experiência, enfatizou-se a metodologia da ação, os saberes mobilizados e as mudanças nas práticas de saúde, segurança alimentar e produção agropecuária dos sujeitos envolvidos. As reflexões apontam para alguns elementos da metodologia que contribuíram para o ...

Haematological and biochemical parameters in Churra-da-Terra-Quente ewes from the northeast of Portugal Parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos de ovelhas da raça Churra da Terra Quente do nordeste de Portugal

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I.R. Dias

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Hematological and biochemical parameters, including plasma electrolytes and thyroid hormones, were determined in 73 clinically healthy Churra-da-Terra-Quente ewes, a typical breed from the northeast of Portugal. The hemogram values were: erythrocytes 9.8±1.5×10(12/L; haemoglobin 118.1±19.1g/L; haematocrit 40.8±5.9%; leukocytes 5.7±1.8×10(9/L; and platelets 544.3±177.2×10(9/L. The thrombin time was 17.3±1.7 seconds. The values of biochemical parameters were: total protein 76.4±6.1g/L; glucose 2.87±0.60mmol/L; total cholesterol 1.65±0.33mmol/L; aspartate aminotransferase 155.9±49.2U/L; alanine aminotransferase 23.2±9.6U/L; γ-glutamyl transferase 48.0±18.7U/L; total alkaline phosphatase 121.6±76.1U/L; glutamate dehydrogenase 6.4±3.7U/L; urea 7.32±2.22mmol/L; creatinine 123.0±54.1μmol/L; total calcium 2.53±0.25mmol/L; phosphorus 2.10±0.46mmol/L; magnesium 1.01±0.09mmol/L; sodium 152.04±3.65mmol/L; potassium 4.7±0.4mmol/L; ionized calcium 1.32±0.07mmol/L; total thyroxine 111.75±42.29nmol/L; total triiodothyronine 1.01±0.28nmol/L; free T4 11.93±1.78pmol/L; free T3 4.22±1.33pmol/L; and thyroid-stimulating hormone 0.18±0.19μIU/mL. Although differences among the Churra-da-Terra-Quente breed and other breeds may occur, the hematological and biochemical parameters, plasma electrolytes, and thyroid hormones, for this indigenous breed, were generally situated within the reference intervals previously reported for sheep.Os valores hematológicos e bioquímicos, incluindo os eletrólitos plasmáticos e os hormônios da tireoide, foram determinados em 73 ovelhas, clinicamente saudáveis, da raça Churra da Terra Quente, raça ovina característica do nordeste de Portugal. Os valores obtidos para o hemograma foram: eritrócitos 9,8±1,5×10(12 /L; hemoglobina 118,1±19,1g/L; hematócrito 40,8±5,9%; leucócitos 5,7±1,8×10(9 /L e plaquetas 544,3±177,2×10(9/L. O tempo de trombina foi de 17,3±1,7 segundos. Os valores dos par

Dependência espacial da eficiência do uso da terra em assentamento rural na Amazônia Spatial dependence of land use efficiency in an Amazon rural settlement

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Eliane Gonçalves Gomes

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Mudanças no uso e manejo da terra podem ser responsáveis por incrementos na produtividade agrícola. Neste artigo propõe-se o uso de modelos de Análise de Envoltória de Dados (DEA para avaliar a distribuição espacial da eficiência de agricultores familiares na forma do uso da terra. Estudou-se a evolução da "produtividade da terra" para um grupo de agricultores de Machadinho d'Oeste (RO, para quatro períodos de tempo. As variáveis dos modelos DEA foram as produções de arroz, milho e café como outputs, e a área total plantada dessas culturas como input. Os resultados mostram que o plantio simultâneo de arroz e milho foi a combinação de melhor desempenho. Houve dependência espacial para a eficiência produtiva nos quatro anos avaliados. Os anos de 1999 e 2002 apresentaram maior uniformização em termos da eficiência produtiva dos lotes por toda área, com os lotes mais eficientes concentrando-se na parte central da área de estudo.Agricultural productivity enhancement can be due to land use and land handling changes. In this paper we propose the use of Data Envelopment Analysis models (DEA to evaluate the spatial distribution of family farmers land use efficiency. We studied the "land productivity" evolution for a sample of family farmers from Machadinho d'Oeste (RO, during four periods of time. DEA models variables were rice, maize and coffee productions as outputs, and these crops total cultivated area as input. As a result we noticed that cultivating simultaneously rice and maize was the best performance case. Efficiency measurements had spatial dependence in the four periods of time. In 1999 and 2002 farms productive efficiency measurements were more uniformly distributed; the most efficient farmers were concentrated in the central part of the studied area.

A study on rational function model generation for TerraSAR-X imagery.

Science.gov (United States)

Eftekhari, Akram; Saadatseresht, Mohammad; Motagh, Mahdi

2013-09-09

The Rational Function Model (RFM) has been widely used as an alternative to rigorous sensor models of high-resolution optical imagery in photogrammetry and remote sensing geometric processing. However, not much work has been done to evaluate the applicability of the RF model for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image processing. This paper investigates how to generate a Rational Polynomial Coefficient (RPC) for high-resolution TerraSAR-X imagery using an independent approach. The experimental results demonstrate that the RFM obtained using the independent approach fits the Range-Doppler physical sensor model with an accuracy of greater than 10-3 pixel. Because independent RPCs indicate absolute errors in geolocation, two methods can be used to improve the geometric accuracy of the RFM. In the first method, Ground Control Points (GCPs) are used to update SAR sensor orientation parameters, and the RPCs are calculated using the updated parameters. Our experiment demonstrates that by using three control points in the corners of the image, an accuracy of 0.69 pixels in range and 0.88 pixels in the azimuth direction is achieved. For the second method, we tested the use of an affine model for refining RPCs. In this case, by applying four GCPs in the corners of the image, the accuracy reached 0.75 pixels in range and 0.82 pixels in the azimuth direction.

A Study on Rational Function Model Generation for TerraSAR-X Imagery

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Mahdi Motagh

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The Rational Function Model (RFM has been widely used as an alternative to rigorous sensor models of high-resolution optical imagery in photogrammetry and remote sensing geometric processing. However, not much work has been done to evaluate the applicability of the RF model for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR image processing. This paper investigates how to generate a Rational Polynomial Coefficient (RPC for high-resolution TerraSAR-X imagery using an independent approach. The experimental results demonstrate that the RFM obtained using the independent approach fits the Range-Doppler physical sensor model with an accuracy of greater than 10−3 pixel. Because independent RPCs indicate absolute errors in geolocation, two methods can be used to improve the geometric accuracy of the RFM. In the first method, Ground Control Points (GCPs are used to update SAR sensor orientation parameters, and the RPCs are calculated using the updated parameters. Our experiment demonstrates that by using three control points in the corners of the image, an accuracy of 0.69 pixels in range and 0.88 pixels in the azimuth direction is achieved. For the second method, we tested the use of an affine model for refining RPCs. In this case, by applying four GCPs in the corners of the image, the accuracy reached 0.75 pixels in range and 0.82 pixels in the azimuth direction.

Soil moisture estimation using multi linear regression with terraSAR-X data

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G. García

2016-06-01

Full Text Available The first five centimeters of soil form an interface where the main heat fluxes exchanges between the land surface and the atmosphere occur. Besides ground measurements, remote sensing has proven to be an excellent tool for the monitoring of spatial and temporal distributed data of the most relevant Earth surface parameters including soil’s parameters. Indeed, active microwave sensors (Synthetic Aperture Radar - SAR offer the opportunity to monitor soil moisture (HS at global, regional and local scales by monitoring involved processes. Several inversion algorithms, that derive geophysical information as HS from SAR data, were developed. Many of them use electromagnetic models for simulating the backscattering coefficient and are based on statistical techniques, such as neural networks, inversion methods and regression models. Recent studies have shown that simple multiple regression techniques yield satisfactory results. The involved geophysical variables in these methodologies are descriptive of the soil structure, microwave characteristics and land use. Therefore, in this paper we aim at developing a multiple linear regression model to estimate HS on flat agricultural regions using TerraSAR-X satellite data and data from a ground weather station. The results show that the backscatter, the precipitation and the relative humidity are the explanatory variables of HS. The results obtained presented a RMSE of 5.4 and a R2  of about 0.6

A narrativa estilhaçada em Assim na terra, de Luiz Sérgio Metz DOI - 10.5752/P.2358-3428.2012v16n31p161

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Claudia Lorena Vouto da Fonseca

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo analisa como se dá a relação entre textos, o jogo intertextual em Assim na terra, do sulriograndense Luiz Sérgio Metz, e como as relações que se estabelecem entre diferentes textos estruturam essa narrativa, a qual se constitui a partir do fragmento, da referência e da citação, em suma, da Biblioteca. Inserindo o autor na linhagem dos autores-críticos, explicitamos as relações estabelecidas pelo autor com seus modelos: em especial Jorge Luis Borges, Vicente Huidobro, Octávio Paz e Aureliano de Figueiredo Pinto. Referimo-nos, aqui, ao diálogo que se estabelece entre autores latinoamericanos, especialmente aqueles que, ao mesmo tempo em que produziram literatura, pensaram o fazer literário e, consequentemente, seu próprio lugar no mundo. Próximos, além de uma determinada atividade criadora, esses autores compartilham uma história, uma cultura e um determinado espaço – o mesmo locus de enunciação, o qual não considera, necessariamente, limites políticos, ou, fronteiras. Palavras-chave: Luiz Sérgio Metz.Assim na terra. Jogo intertextual. Biblioteca. Literatura latinoamericana.  

Development of Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays to Track Treatment Response in Retinoid Resistant Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

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Jovanovic, Jelena V. [Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London School of Medicine, London (United Kingdom); Rennie, Kristian [GSTS Pathology, Guy’s Hospital, London (United Kingdom); Culligan, Dominic [Department of Haematology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen (United Kingdom); Peniket, Andrew [Department of Haematology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford (United Kingdom); Lennard, Anne [Department of Haematology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle (United Kingdom); Harrison, Justin [Department of Haematology, Hemel Hempstead Hospital, Hemel Hempstead (United Kingdom); Vyas, Paresh [Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford (United Kingdom); Grimwade, David, E-mail: david.grimwade@genetics.kcl.ac.uk [Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London School of Medicine, London (United Kingdom)

2011-10-25

Molecular detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) has become established to assess remission status and guide therapy in patients with ProMyelocytic Leukemia–RARA+ acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, there are few data on tracking disease response in patients with rarer retinoid resistant subtypes of APL, characterized by PLZF–RARA and STAT5b–RARA. Despite their rarity (<1% of APL) we identified 6 cases (PLZF–RARA, n = 5; STAT5b–RARA, n = 1), established the respective breakpoint junction regions and designed reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays to detect leukemic transcripts. The relative level of fusion gene expression in diagnostic samples was comparable to that observed in t(15;17) – associated APL, affording assay sensitivities of ∼1 in 10{sup 4}−10{sup 5}. Serial samples were available from two PLZF–RARA APL patients. One showed persistent polymerase chain reaction positivity, predicting subsequent relapse, and remains in CR2, ∼11 years post-autograft. The other, achieved molecular remission (CRm) with combination chemotherapy, remaining in CR1 at 6 years. The STAT5b–RARA patient failed to achieve CRm following frontline combination chemotherapy and ultimately proceeded to allogeneic transplant on the basis of a steadily rising fusion transcript level. These data highlight the potential of RT-qPCR detection of MRD to facilitate development of more individualized approaches to the management of rarer molecularly defined subsets of acute leukemia.

Development of Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays to Track Treatment Response in Retinoid Resistant Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jovanovic, Jelena V.; Rennie, Kristian; Culligan, Dominic; Peniket, Andrew; Lennard, Anne; Harrison, Justin; Vyas, Paresh; Grimwade, David

2011-01-01

Molecular detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) has become established to assess remission status and guide therapy in patients with ProMyelocytic Leukemia–RARA+ acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, there are few data on tracking disease response in patients with rarer retinoid resistant subtypes of APL, characterized by PLZF–RARA and STAT5b–RARA. Despite their rarity (<1% of APL) we identified 6 cases (PLZF–RARA, n = 5; STAT5b–RARA, n = 1), established the respective breakpoint junction regions and designed reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays to detect leukemic transcripts. The relative level of fusion gene expression in diagnostic samples was comparable to that observed in t(15;17) – associated APL, affording assay sensitivities of ∼1 in 10 4 −10 5 . Serial samples were available from two PLZF–RARA APL patients. One showed persistent polymerase chain reaction positivity, predicting subsequent relapse, and remains in CR2, ∼11 years post-autograft. The other, achieved molecular remission (CRm) with combination chemotherapy, remaining in CR1 at 6 years. The STAT5b–RARA patient failed to achieve CRm following frontline combination chemotherapy and ultimately proceeded to allogeneic transplant on the basis of a steadily rising fusion transcript level. These data highlight the potential of RT-qPCR detection of MRD to facilitate development of more individualized approaches to the management of rarer molecularly defined subsets of acute leukemia.

Metabolic profiling and in vitro assessment of anthelmintic fractions of Picria fel-terrae Lour.

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Rasika Kumarasingha

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Anthelmintic resistance is widespread in gastrointestinal nematode populations, such that there is a consistent need to search for new anthelmintics. However, the cost of screening for new compounds is high and has a very low success rate. Using the knowledge of traditional healers from Borneo Rainforests (Sarawak, Malaysia, we have previously shown that some traditional medicinal plants are a rich source of potential new anthelmintic drug candidates. In this study, Picria fel-terrae Lour. plant extract, which has previously shown promising anthelmintic activities, was fractionated via the use of a solid phase extraction cartridge and each isolated fraction was then tested on free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus. We found that a single fraction was enriched for nematocidal activity, killing ≥90% of C. elegans adults and inhibiting the motility of exsheathed L3 of H. contortus, while having minimal cytotoxic activity in mammalian cell culture. Metabolic profiling and chemometric analysis of the effective fraction indicated medium chained fatty acids and phenolic acids were highly represented.

Combining TerraSAR-X and Landsat Images for Emergency Response in Urban Environments

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Shiran Havivi

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Rapid damage mapping following a disaster event, especially in an urban environment, is critical to ensure that the emergency response in the affected area is rapid and efficient. This work presents a new method for mapping damage assessment in urban environments. Based on combining SAR and optical data, the method is applicable as support during initial emergency planning and rescue operations. The study focuses on the urban areas affected by the Tohoku earthquake and subsequent tsunami event in Japan that occurred on 11 March 2011. High-resolution TerraSAR-X (TSX images of before and after the event, and a Landsat 5 image before the event were acquired. The affected areas were analyzed with the SAR data using only one interferometric SAR (InSAR coherence map. To increase the damage mapping accuracy, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI was applied. The generated map, with a grid size of 50 m, provides a quantitative assessment of the nature and distribution of the damage. The damage mapping shows detailed information about the affected area, with high overall accuracy (89%, and high Kappa coefficient (82% and, as expected, it shows total destruction along the coastline compared to the inland region.

Individual Building Extraction from TerraSAR-X Images Based on Ontological Semantic Analysis

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Rong Gui

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Accurate building information plays a crucial role for urban planning, human settlements and environmental management. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR images, which deliver images with metric resolution, allow for analyzing and extracting detailed information on urban areas. In this paper, we consider the problem of extracting individual buildings from SAR images based on domain ontology. By analyzing a building scattering model with different orientations and structures, the building ontology model is set up to express multiple characteristics of individual buildings. Under this semantic expression framework, an object-based SAR image segmentation method is adopted to provide homogeneous image objects, and three categories of image object features are extracted. Semantic rules are implemented by organizing image object features, and the individual building objects expression based on an ontological semantic description is formed. Finally, the building primitives are used to detect buildings among the available image objects. Experiments on TerraSAR-X images of Foshan city, China, with a spatial resolution of 1.25 m × 1.25 m, have shown the total extraction rates are above 84%. The results indicate the ontological semantic method can exactly extract flat-roof and gable-roof buildings larger than 250 pixels with different orientations.

Literatura e Transdisciplinaridade: uma proposta de ensino a partir do romance Terra Papagalli

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Rodolfo Meissner Rolando

2015-01-01

Full Text Available É inegável que a Educação, de um modo geral, enfrenta uma crise na contemporaneidade. E, naturalmente, as aulas de Língua Portuguesa e Literatura são afetadas por esse cenário. Devido a isso, muitos caminhos têm sido discutidos para a superação dos problemas vigentes e, sem dúvida, a transdisciplinaridade emerge como uma possibilidade instigante. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é oferecer uma unidade didática transdisciplinar de ensino de Literatura para alunos do Ensino Médio. Para tanto, foi escolhido o romance contemporâneo Terra Papagalli, dos autores José Roberto Torero e Marcus Aurelius Pimenta, como corpus para a concretização de tal proposta. As sugestões aqui contidas foram embasadas, principalmente, nas proposições de Coelho (2000 a respeito de Literatura e Transdisciplinaridade e Paulino e Cosson (2009 sobre letramento literário. Em síntese, acredita-se que a proposta de ensino trazida por este artigo poderá auxiliar o professor de Língua Portuguesa a enfrentar os desafios impostos pela Educação no século XXI, além de contribuir para a realização do letramento literário.

Ship Classification with High Resolution TerraSAR-X Imagery Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

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Zhi Zhao

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Ship surveillance using space-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR, taking advantages of high resolution over wide swaths and all-weather working capability, has attracted worldwide attention. Recent activity in this field has concentrated mainly on the study of ship detection, but the classification is largely still open. In this paper, we propose a novel ship classification scheme based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP in order to achieve better performance. The main idea is to apply AHP on both feature selection and classification decision. On one hand, the AHP based feature selection constructs a selection decision problem based on several feature evaluation measures (e.g., discriminability, stability, and information measure and provides objective criteria to make comprehensive decisions for their combinations quantitatively. On the other hand, we take the selected feature sets as the input of KNN classifiers and fuse the multiple classification results based on AHP, in which the feature sets’ confidence is taken into account when the AHP based classification decision is made. We analyze the proposed classification scheme and demonstrate its results on a ship dataset that comes from TerraSAR-X SAR images.

Using the Surface Reflectance MODIS Terra Product to Estimate Turbidity in Tampa Bay, Florida

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Douglas L. Rickman

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Turbidity is a commonly-used index of the factors that determine light penetration in the water column. Consistent estimation of turbidity is crucial to design environmental and restoration management plans, to predict fate of possible pollutants, and to estimate sedimentary fluxes into the ocean. Traditional methods monitoring fixed geographical locations at fixed intervals may not be representative of the mean water turbidity in estuaries between intervals, and can be expensive and time consuming. Although remote sensing offers a good solution to this limitation, it is still not widely used due in part to required complex processing of imagery. There are satellite-derived products, including the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS Terra surface reflectance daily product (MOD09GQ Band 1 (620–670 nm which are now routinely available at 250 m spatial resolution and corrected for atmospheric effect. This study shows this product to be useful to estimate turbidity in Tampa Bay, Florida, after rainfall events (R2 = 0.76, n = 34. Within Tampa Bay, Hillsborough Bay (HB and Old Tampa Bay (OTB presented higher turbidity compared to Middle Tampa Bay (MTB and Lower Tampa Bay (LTB.

MATER - Pianeta Terra-Mare: an interactive and multidisciplinary approach to Geosphere sciences

Science.gov (United States)

Piangiamore, Giovanna Lucia; Fanelli, Emanuela; Furia, Stefania; Garau, Daniela; Merlino, Silvia; Musacchio, Gemma; Carla Centineo, Maria

2016-04-01

Recent studies demonstrate that Earth and Marine Sciences are not properly treated in scholastic programs and in textbooks are included in a superficial way. These topics are interdisciplinary and experimental (biology, ecology, oceanography and geology) and the recent advance in these fields is strictly linked to technologic improvement. School cannot keep up with the huge advances of knowledge experimented in the last 20 years, also for the lack of didactic laboratories sufficiently updated to support experimental activities. In this context, in 2014-15 three Italian Research Institutes (INGV, ISMAR-CNR and ENEA-CRAM) have decided to support the Unified School District "ISA 10"of Lerici (Liguria, Italy) - comprehensive of kindergartner, primary and middle schools - to develop the project MATER - Pianeta Terra-Mare (Planet Earth and Sea). The acronym MATER (MARe and TERra) has also a gender value, as people involved in the projects were women, mostly researchers and teachers, which have worked side by side with other women belonging to environmental and cultural associations of the territory. This heterogeneous group has a common objective: to promote the diffusion of a scientific culture and to sensitize students from 3 to 14 years towards problems occurring in marine and terrestrial environments, fostering the settlement of a sustainable attitude to the exploitation of natural resources and consciousness to natural hazards, such as earthquakes and floods, quite common in the Ligurian region. MATER has been considered as one of the best projects funded by MIUR (Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research) inside the Dissemination of Scientific and Technological Culture call for the year 2014. Natural hazards (Planet Earth) and the chemical-physical aspects and resources of the marine environment (Planet Sea) were the two modules of the project. Planet Earth developed through Piovono Idee! (Cloudy with a chance of Ideas!), an interactive exhibition on

Identificação e caracterização de variantes novas e raras da hemoglobina humana Identification of characterization of novel and rare variants of human hemoglobin

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Elza M. Kimura

2008-08-01

Full Text Available As anormalidades estruturais da hemoglobina estão entre as doenças genéticas mais comumente encontradas nas populações humanas. O Laboratório de Hemoglobinopatias do Departamento de Patologia Clínica da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, localizado em Campinas, no estado de São Paulo, região Sudeste do Brasil, realizou, em seus 27 anos de existência, cerca de 130.000 diagnósticos. Entre as variantes estruturais detectadas, as hemoglobinas S, C e D-Punjab foram, como esperado, as mais freqüentes, porém um número expressivo de outras hemoglobinas anômalas, novas e raras, também foi encontrado. Esses achados estão sumarizados no presente artigo.Hemoglobin structural abnormalities are among the most commonly found human genetic diseases. The Laboratory of Hemoglobinopathies in the Clinical Pathology Department of the Medical Sciences School of the State University in Campinas - Unicamp, São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, carried out, in its 27 years of activity, about 130,000 diagnoses. As expected, hemoglobins S, C and D were the most frequently observed variants, but an expressive number of other abnormal, novel and rare hemoglobins, was also detected. These findings are summarized in the present article.

Precipitation of the rare earth double sodium and rare earths from the sulfuric liquor and the conversion into rare earth hydroxides through meta ethic reaction; Precipitacao do sulfato duplo de terras raras e sodio a partir de licor sulfurico e sua conversao em hidroxido de terras raras mediante reacao metatetica

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Abreu, Renata D.; Oliveira, Ester F.; Brito, Walter de; Morais, Carlos A. [Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN/CNEN-MG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)]. E-mails: rda@cdtn.br; esterfo@cdtn.br; britow@cdtn.br; cmorais@cdtn.br

2007-07-01

This work presents the purification study of the rare earths through precipitation of rare earth and sodium (Na TR (SO{sub 4}){sub 2}. x H{sub 2}O)) double sulfate and his conversion to rare earths hydroxide TR(OH){sub 3} by meta ethic reaction through the addition of sodium hydroxide solution to the solid double sulfate. The study used the sulfuric liquor as rare earth sample, generated in the chemical processing of the monazite with sulfuric acid by the Industrias Nucleares do Brasil - INB, Brazil, after the thorium and uranium extraction. The work investigated the influence of the main variables involved in the precipitation of Na TR(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}.xH{sub 2}O and in the conversion for the TR(OH){sub 3}, as follows: type and excess of the precipitation agent, temperature and time reaction. The obtained solid composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared and chemical analysis. The double sulfate diffractogram indicated the Na TR(SO{sub 4}){sub 2} mono-hydrated. The characterization of the metatese products has shown that, for obtaining the complete conversion of NaTR(SO{sub 4}){sub 2}.H{sub 2}O into TR(OH){sub 3}, the reaction must be hot processed ({approx}70 deg C) and with small excess of Na OH ({<=} 5 percent). (author)

Conflitos no uso da terra em Áreas de Preservação Permanente em um polo de produção de biodiesel no Estado do Pará

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Arlete Silva de Almeida

2014-07-01

Full Text Available As Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs desempenham um papel fundamental na manutenção dos principais fatores que regulam os processos hidrológicos e de conservação biológica. Na Amazônia, as APPs vêm sendo ocupadas com atividades econômicas de alto impacto ambiental que levam à supressão de vegetação, desrespeitando o regime legal desse tipo de área protegida. Este artigo analisa os conflitos de uso da terra dentro das áreas destinadas à preservação e propõe uma delimitação dessas áreas de acordo com o Código Florestal Brasileiro de 2012, no municipio de Moju, um dos mais importantes polos de produção de biodiesel do estado do Pará. A pesquisa utilizou imagem multiespectral de alta resolução do satélite RapidEye de 2010 para uma classificação supervisionada que determinou oito classes de cobertura e uso da terra, com especial atenção para a floresta, o cultivo agrícola e cultivo de óleo de palma (Elaeis guineensis. As terras alteradas do município perfazem 30,29% do total, sendo que 17,07% estão ocupadas pela pecuária. Somente 5,2% do território de Moju é legalmente definido como APP. Destas áreas, 29,3% se encontram em uso conflituoso, onde predomina a pastagem, presente em 15,6% das APPs do município. O cultivo de palma corresponde a apenas 0,63% da área da APP e a 2,17% do município. A aplicação das novas regras de recomposição de APPs pelo novo Código Florestal Brasileiro irá resultar em perda de 60,69% de área recuperada em APPs neste município.

Variabilidade da água disponível de uma terra roxa estruturada latossólica Available soil-water variability of a "terra roxa estruturada latossólica" (rhodic kanhapludalf

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S.O. Moraes

1993-12-01

Full Text Available A partir de 250 curvas de retenção da água no solo, elaboradas com amostras indeformadas coletadas de uma área de 6250 m² de uma Terra Roxa Estruturada Latossólica de Piracicaba,SP, foram calculados quatro conjuntos de valores de água disponível assumindo-se -1x10³, -6x10³, -1x10(4 e -3x10(4 Pa como possíveis valores de potencial mátrico correspondentes à capacidade de campo e -1,5x10³ Pa um possível valor correspondente ao ponto de murchamento permanente. Foram feitas medidas de posição (média, variabilidade (coeficiente de variação, assimetria e curtose e numero necessário de amostras para estimar a média a um dado nível de probabilidade a fim de quantificar a variabilidade e a sensibilidade dos resultados em cada conjunto e entre conjuntos de valores de água disponível. A análise dos resultados mostrou que a variabilidade da água disponível, obtida à partir de dois valores de umidade da Curva de Retenção é muito maior que a variabilidade de cada valor individualmente. Ou seja, embora as variáveis envolvidas possam ser as mesmas, o grau de variabilidade (expresso, por exemplo, pelo coeficiente de variação ou a sensibilidade das medidas (expressa pelo número necessário de amostras para estimar a média dentro de um determinado intervalo de confiança pode ser bem distinto, indicando que nem sempre resultados de uma amostragem realizada com determinado objetivo poderá servir a outros, embora possam tratar-se de variáveis dependentes.From 250 soil-water retention curves of an area of 6250 m² of a "Terra Roxa Estruturada Latossólica" (Rhodic Kanhapludalf located in Piracicaba,SP, four sets of available soil-water were calculated assuming field capacity values based on soil-water contents corresponding to -1x10³, -6x10³, -1x10(4 and -3x10(4 Pa of soil water matric potential; and permanent wilting point based on soil-water contents corresponding to -1,5x10(6 Pa. Aiming to quantify the variability and the

Paquimeningite hipertrófica e parotidite: manifestações raras da granulomatose de Wegener Hypertrophic pachymeningitis and parotiditis: unusual ocurrences of the Wegener's granulomatosis

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Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides

2004-08-01

Full Text Available A granulomatose de Wegener é uma vasculite sistêmica dos vasos de médio e pequeno calibre. Classicamente, há formação de granulomas com necrose no trato respiratório e glomerulonefrite necrosante. Embora seu acometimento mais comum envolva o trato respiratório superior, pulmões e rins, uma vasta gama de manifestações em vários órgãos e tecidos é descrita. Relatamos o caso de um paciente que, paralelamente às manifestações típicas da doença, desenvolveu algumas alterações raras como a parotidite e a paquimeningite hipertrófica. Diante de quadros graves, atípicos e/ou refratários ao tratamento convencional, torna-se necessário o aprofundamento no estudo e uso de novas armas terapêuticas.The wegener's granulomatosis is a systemic angiitis of small and medium caliber vessels. Normally, it is characterized by the formation of granulomas with necrosis in the respiratory system and necrosing glomerulonephritis. even though it is more common in the upper respiratory system, in the lung and in the kidney, a great range of manifestation in other different organs and tissues can be described. we report the case of a patient who, in parallel with the typical symptoms of this disease, developed some rare alteration such as the parotiditis and the hypertrophic pachymeningitis. in face of serious situations, severe disease, atypical or non responsive to conventional treatments, it is necessary a more detailed study of the case and the use of new therapeutic drugs.

Fístulas bronco-mediastínicas – uma rara manifestação de tumor

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A.S. Marques

2004-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: As fístulas bronco-mediastínicas são situações raras, existindo o relato de apenas um caso em consequência a um tumor primário do pulmão.Os autores apresentam um caso de um doente de sexo masculino, 58 anos de idade, raça branca, com antecedentes de tabagismo e diabetes, com um quadro clínico de febre, tosse produtiva e dispneia de agravamento progressivo, com evidência radiológica de pneumonia lobar inferior direita.Face a um agravamento radiológico, apesar da terapêutica antibiótica de largo espectro, realizaram-se tomografia computadorizada e broncofibroscopia que revelaram a existência de extensa infiltração neoplásica e destruição da parede do brônquio principal e intermediário, com fístula bronco-mediastino-esofágica.O exame histológico revelou tratar-se de um carcinoma brônquico pavimento-celular.REV PORT PNEUMOL 2004; X (6: 491-497 ABSTRACT: Broncho-mediastinal fistulaes are a very rare condition, existing only a report of a case related with primary lung cancer.The authors present a clinical case of a white 58year-old man, with previous history of cigarette smoking and diabetes, with fever, productive couth and progressive dyspnea, with radiological evidence of right inferior lobar pneumonia.We noticed a radiological deterioration, despite the high spectrum antibiotic therapy, so he was submitted to thoracic computerized tomography and broncofibroscopy, which revealed extensive infiltration of the principal and intermediary bronchioles with a broncho-mediastinal-esophagic fistula.The histological exam reveled a pavimentam celular carcinoma.REV PORT PNEUMOL 2004; X (6: 491-497 Palavras-chave: Fístula bronco-mediastínica, tumor do pulmão, carcinoma pavimento-celular, Key-words: Broncho-mediastinal fistulas, lung tumor, pavimentam celular carcinoma

DPSIR analysis of land and soil degradation in response to changes in land use Análisis DPSIR de la degradación de suelos y territorio como respuesta a cambios en el uso del territorio Análise DPSIR da degradação do solo e da terra em resposta às mudanças no uso da terra

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Jaume Porta

2011-11-01

y la colmatación de embalses como un problema global (España y México; efecto protector contra la degradación cuando el suelo se considera un área sagrada (Togo. Estos análisis permiten aprender del pasado y podría ayudar a desarrollar estrategias para prevenir la degradación de la tierra y el suelo. Este enfoque proporciona una información útil para un análisis sistemático y para llegar a comprender las causas de la degradación de tierras y suelos como respuesta a los cambios en el uso de las tierras.
 

Neste trabalho, estuda-se cadeia de eventos, desde as forças motrizes até o estado de equilibrio, os impactos e as respostas do sistema, de diversas atividades humanas, pasadas e presentes, relacionadas com o uso e a degradação do solo. O DPSIR utiliza-se para analisar e abordar os problemas da degradação da terra dentro de uma visão compreensiva das interações entre as sociedades humanas e o ambiente. Com esta abordagem, analiza-se o uso da terra e a degradação do solo em várias partes do mundo (México, Espanha e Togo em relação a diferentes tipos de usos da terra: o começo da irrigação nos anos 1860 em zona semiárida com solos calcáreos do nordeste da Espanha; a influência do tipo de uso da terra (land utilization types – LUT na degradação do solo no Mexico; a erosão do solo, assoreamento como problema global (Espanha e Mexico; e a proteção contra a degradação do solo quando este é considerado área sagrada em Togo. Estas análises permitem aprender do pasado e podem ajudar a desenvolver estratégias para previr a degradação do solo e da terra. Esta abordagem provê de olhares úteis para análises sistemáticas que visam entender as causas da degradação do solo como resposta a mudanças no uso da terra.
 

Síndrome de Churg Strauss: uma vasculite rara Churg strauss Syndrome: a rare vasculitis

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Luciana Calvo Mardegan

2004-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar as características demográficas, clínicas, laboratoriais e histopatológica de pacientes com diagnóstico de síndrome de Churg Strauss (SCS acompanhados no ambulatório de vasculites do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (HC/Unicamp. Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo dos prontuários dos pacientes com vasculite primária, classificados como SCS pelos critérios do American College of Rheumathology (ACR. Foram observados cinco pacientes com diagnóstico de SCS (M/F:3/2, caucasóides. A média de idade do início da doença foi 46 anos (40-55. A média de tempo de seguimento foi de 2,37 anos (0,25-6. Sintomas sistêmicos, asma, neuropatia periférica e lesão cutânea foram observados em todos os pacientes. Envolvimento cardiovascular, renal e de trato gastrintestinal estiveram presentes cada qual em um paciente. Todos os pacientes apresentaram eosinofilia (>10%,e o p-ANCA foi positivo nos três casos investigados. A radiografia de tórax revelou infiltrado pulmonar intersticial em dois casos; em um, associado à derrame pleural. Na histopatologia, evidências de eosinófilos extravascular foram encontradas nas biópsias cutâneas de 3/4 pacientes. Todos os pacientes foram tratados com prednisona. Em 3, houve a necessidade de associar-se imunossupressor. Nenhum paciente evoluiu a óbito. A SCS é uma patologia rara, com acometimento sistêmico, sendo a asma uma das principais e mais precoce manifestação. Todos os pacientes apresentaram sintomas sistêmicos, acometimento de pele e sistema nervoso periférico. Envolvimento renal, cardíaco e gastrointestinal foi observado, cada qual em um único paciente, diferindo de outras séries nas quais esses acometimentos são mais freqüentes. Embora seja uma patologia grave e de prognóstico reservado, observamos evolução favorável com tratamento.The aim of this report is to verify the demographic, clinical, laboratorial and

Entre as pedras e as flores da terra Between the stones and the flowers of the earth

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Henrique José A. de Carvalho

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo trata da tensão gerada entre os movimentos de luta pela terra e os ambientalistas com a divulgação do Relatório Gilney Viana, em 1997, depois de longo período de convergência de propósitos daqueles interesses. A partir de depoimentos de atores importantes do processo, buscou-se identificar pontos de fricção ou de aproximação desses movimentos, assim como antecipar possíveis tendências para esse estranhamento em futuro previsível.This article deals with the tensions emerged among the landless social moviments and environmentalists in 1997, after the publication of Gilney Viana Report. In previous years, those movements had experienced a long period of political convergence. Supported by interviews with important actors of that process, it intends to identify elements of friction and/or agreements between those interests as well as to anticipate possible trends of such strain.

O PAPEL DA MULHER NA LUTA PELA TERRA. UMA QUESTÃO DE GÊNERO E/OU CLASSE?

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Renata Cristiane Valenciano

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Pretendemos neste projeto de pesquisa, compreender a inserção e ação da mulher na luta pela terra, e priorizar a especificidade do embate existente entre as três dimensões que a mulher internaliza: enquanto provedora da força de trabalho e da família. Enquanto trabalhadora, no cotidiano da lavra, e na militância política. Mais especificamente põe-se a apreender as manifestações específicas que as mulheres estão apresentando, no raio organizativo do MST, através dos Coletivos de Gênero, das decisões e propostas de trabalho deliberadas, bem como seus desdobramentos, sendo que os Coletivos de Gênero ganham em abrangência e magnitude, tendo em vista privilegiar nas pautas de discussões, não somente a questão da exploração da mulher trabalhadora, os preconceitos, a violência, mas, sobretudo a emancipação de classe.