La terapia integral conductual de pareja (IBCT). Descripción, técnicas y aplicación

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Barraca, J.

2013-01-01

La Terapia Integral Conductual de Pareja (IBCT) es una intervención evolucionada desde la terapia conductual de pareja que desarrollaran Jacobson y Margolin en los añossetenta. Este nuevo modelo de trabajo se inscribe dentro de las terapias de conducta de tercera generación y, como tal, pone un énfasis especial en el concepto de aceptación, que se desarrolla de forma característica y propia para el entorno de la pareja. La terapia aporta una formulación de los problemas de par...

Terapia cognitiva-conductual (TCC Como tratamiento para la depresion: Una revisión del estado del arte

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Juliana Vanessa Puerta Polo

2013-10-01

Full Text Available ResumenLa terapia cognitivo - conductual (TCC se ha transformado en una de las estrategias por excelencia de tipo no farmacológico para el tratamiento de la depresión. A través del presente estudio se brinda una visión general de las técnicas centrales que los teóricos de la TCC expusieron a través de los últimos 50 años, y que se han estado implementado para el abordaje de dicho trastorno mental. De igual manera, se pretendió informar al lector acerca de las innovaciones y adaptaciones más recientes de este modelo de psicoterapia. Se concluye que la TCC ha demostrado su efectividad en el tratamiento de la depresión, por lo cual debe promoverse este tipo de terapia. (DUAZARY 2011 No. 2, 251 - 257AbstractThe cognitive - behavioral therapy (CBT has become one of the strategies for excellence in non-pharmacological treatment of depression. Through this study provided an overview of the theorists core techniques of CBT exposed through last 50 years and have been implemented for addressing the mental disorder. Similarly, it is intended to inform the reader about the latest innovations and adaptations of this model of psychotherapy. We conclude that CBT has been proven effective in the treatment of depression, which should promote this type of therapy.Keywords: cognitive-behavioral therapy; depression; review.

Movimiento danza terapia

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Tau, Vilma

2011-01-01

Movimiento Danza Terapia es una disciplina en construcción que se alimenta permanentemente de los aportes de las nuevas psicologías, el arte y los avances en neurociencia. Nace entre las décadas de 1930 y 1940 en los Estados Unidos, donde Marian Chace comenzó a explorar el uso terapéutico de la danza mientras enseñaba danza moderna en su estudio.

Actitudes terapéuticas en terapia de pareja.

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Rafael Manrique Solana

1992-01-01

El artículo expone diversas actitudes que un terapeuta puede desarrollar en la terapia con parejas. Estas actitudes pueden ser de dos tipos: 1. Aquellas actitudes generales que se han de sostener a lo largo de cualquier terapia. 2. Aquellas destinadas a establecer una adecuada relación terapéutica con la pareja. El conjunto de ambas actitudes permite establecer un marco de relación en el que la conversación terapéutica es posible.

MEMORIA Y APRENDIZAJE EN LA ESCOGENCIA FLORAL DE LAS ABEJAS

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MARISOL AMAYA

2009-05-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN Los polinizadores altamente especializados en su dieta, no hacen escogencias florales, ellos visitan un recurso específico siguiendo el dictado de la información almacenada en sus genes. En contraste, para la abeja social Apis mellifera una escogencia floral implica, la toma de una decisión, usualmente con criterio económico, basada en información aprendida y almacenada en alguna forma de memoria. Aunque existen numerosos estudios y modelos sobre la escogencia floral en abejas, la gran mayoría de éstos, han derivado sus conclusiones a partir de condiciones temporalmente fijas de la interacción. Muy pocos estudios han abordado la dinámica propia del contexto ecológico, en el cual el mercado floral de las abejas cambia con las estaciones del año y con los patrones diarios de antesis floral. Este cambio en la disponibilidad de especies florales enfrenta a los polinizadores, a realizar escogencias secuenciales acerca del alimento a explotar. En este trabajo abordo el tema del forrajeo secuencial en parches florales heterospecíficos, enfocándome en el uso que la abeja melífera hace de la información previamente aprendida en un contexto, cuando se enfrenta a la explotación de alimento en un contexto ecológicamente diferente. He realizado experimentos sobre escogencia floral simulando las condiciones de cambio del paisaje floral, exponiendo abejas individuales de A. mellifera a decidir sobre cuales especies forrajear en cada parche. Los resultados indican que la abeja invierte en procesos de aprendizaje en un muestreo inicial, pero una vez almacenada la información, utiliza una pieza de la información previamente aprendida (color para explotar parches florales heteroespecíficos siguiendo una imagen de búsqueda de color. En esta revisión discuto situaciones biológicas de la interacción planta-abeja, las cuales apoyan la idea que en la naturaleza el uso de imágenes de búsqueda de color por parte de abejas sociales puede

Aplicación de la terapia floral de Bach en niños con retardo del desarrollo psíquico

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María Elena Francia Reyes

2003-08-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un trabajo investigativo, prospectivo, transversal, con 100 alumnos de la Escuela Especial de Retardo del Desarrollo Psíquico "Turcios Lima", situada en el consejo popular de Cayo Hueso en el municipio Centro Habana, con el objetivo de evaluar los resultados de la aplicación de la terapia floral de Bach en el aprendizaje de estos niños diagnosticados como retardados. A principios del siglo xx el doctor Edward Bach (1886-1936, médico de origen galés, desarrollo un original y eficaz sistema de curación. Él sostuvo que la enfermedad es producto del desequilibrio entre la mente y el cuerpo, que altera el campo energético del ser vivo. El organismo se enferma ante el padecer psicológico y el desorden emocional, y expresó: "La enfermedad no es un mal a suprimir sino un beneficio a comprender." Se seleccionaron de forma aleatoria a 100 niños de dicha escuela, constituyéndose un grupo estudio y otro control. Se revisaron sus expedientes y se realizó historia clínica floral. Se realizaron entrevistas a padres y maestros para confrontar resultados. Se aplicaron remedios florales y se arribaron a conclusiones como que la aplicación de estos remedios facilita el tránsito de escuela especial a enseñanza general.At the beginning of the 20th century, a Welsh doctor named Edward Bach(1886-1936, developed an original and efficient healing system. He affirmed that the disease was the result of imbalance of the mind and the body that distorted the energy field of the live being. The body got sick due to psychological and emotional disorders, so he said "Disease is not an evil to be eliminated but a benefit to be understood." A prospective cross-sectional study of 100 students was conducted in "Turcios Lima" Special School for Psychical Development Retardation located in Cayo Hueso neighborhood, Centro Habana municipality. The objective was to evaluate the results of the application of Bach´s flower therapy in the learning process of

El abandono de la adherencia en la terapia de reemplazo renal: una alarma en salud pública

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Villegas-Alzate, Juan Diego; Vera-Henao, Sebastián; Jaramillo-Monsalve, María Camila; Jaramillo-Jaramillo, Laura Isabel; Martínez-Sánchez, Lina María; Martínez-Domínguez, Gloria Inés; Villegas-Gutiérrez, Iván

2016-01-01

La pérdida de la función renal amenaza la vida, su manejo es complicado y siempre ha sido un desafío para el personal de salud; debido a que el número de pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica en diálisis va en aumento, es por esto que con porcentajes elevados de no adherencia el riesgo de mortalidad y hospitalizaciones comienza a convertirse en una preocupación importante en salud pública. Por esta razón se busca conocer el impacto sanitario de la no adherencia terapéutica a las terapias de ...

EL ÁCIDO ABSCÍSICO ACELERA EL DESARROLLO FLORAL DE SOLIDAGO EN DÍAS CORTOS ABSCISIC ACID SPEED UP FLORAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOLIDAGO UNDER SHORT DAYS

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Víctor Julio Flórez Roncancio

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Solidago x luteus (M. L. Greene Broulliet y Semple (= x Solidaster hybridus, x S. luteus es una planta que responde a días cortos (DC para el desarrollo floral. En este proceso se ha establecido la participación de varias fitohormonas, entre éstas, la presencia del ácido abscísico (ABA en zonas y periodos específicos durante el desarrollo de la flor lo cual sugiere su acción promotora en la velocidad de antesis floral de esta especie en DC. En este trabajo se buscaron nuevos indicios de la participación de fitohormonas presentes en la fracción ácida con el proceso de floración. En una primera etapa, extractos foliares provenientes de hojas de plantas en días largos (caracterizadas por menor velocidad de antesis floral se aplicaron en botones florales de plantas en días cortos (caracterizadas por una mayor velocidad de antesis floral. Se realizaron ocho aplicaciones con diferentes frecuencias totalizando un periodo de tratamiento de 25 días. Los resultados mostraron que las sustancias presentes en los extractos de la fracción ácida, no alteran la velocidad promedio de antesis floral en los botones florales de plantas en DC. En la segunda etapa del experimento, la cuantificación de los extractos por ELISA, permitió establecer una mayor concentración de ABA en los extractos de hojas y de botones florales de plantas en DC y de botones florales en el inicio del tratamiento. Estos resultados confirman la relación del ABA con la mayor velocidad de antesis floral en plantas de Solidago x luteus en condiciones de DC.Solidago x luteus (M.L. Greene Broulliet & Semple (= x Solidaster hybridus, x S. luteus is a plant that respond to short days (SD for flower development. In this process, there has been established the involvement of many phytohormones, between these, the presence of the abscisic acid (ABA in zones and specific periods during flower development, suggests its promoter roll on the floral anthesis period of this species under

Terapias alternativas con animales para niños con necesidades especiales

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Cea-Chueca, Aihnoa

2014-01-01

El presente trabajo de fin de grado consiste en la realización de un análisis y descripción de la literatura acerca de las distintas terapias animales, destinadas a niños con necesidades especiales: cómo y por qué surgieron, en qué consisten las terapias, cómo podemos utilizarlas, etc. Las terapias alternativas con animales se conocen como una alternativa terapéutica, donde se utiliza a un animal como co-terapeuta para poder desarrollar diferentes capacidades de los niños con necesidades espe...

Terapias asistidas con animales: síntomas y funcionalidad en trastornos del espectro autista y demencia senil

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González Rosauro, Belén

2012-01-01

En este trabajo se realiza un recorrido teórico acerca de los principales aspectos que engloba la terapia asistida con animales, una modalidad terapéutica con una base histórica sólida que actualmente goza de una popularidad en creciente desarrollo. Los numerosos estudios realizados han sido capaces de verificar las grandes ventajas que supone realizar una terapia de este tipo como complemento a otros tratamientos principales, además de los cuantiosos beneficios de los animales para el ser hu...

Terapia psicológica para la esquizofrenia: Una realidad

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Jennifer Del Toro Granados

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen La esquizofrenia es entendida como un cuadro psiquiátrico, crónico y altamente discapacitante; en la cual, a pesar de las variaciones de la evolución en cada paciente, se observan los siguientes síntomas: ideas delirantes, alucinaciones, comportamiento desorganizado (síntomas positivos y aplanamiento afectivo (síntomas negativos. A finales de los años 70 se produce un cambio en la concepción etiológica de los trastornos psicóticos que comienzan a explicarse desde una perspectiva multicausal, es decir, como predeterminados e influidos por condiciones biopsicosociales. Uno de los más completos paquetes de intervención es la Terapia Psicológica Integral para la esquizofrenia (IPT. Los autores de este protocolo terapéutico parten del supuesto que los pacientes que reúnen criterios para esquizofrenia muestran déficits en varios niveles funcionales de organización de la conducta (nivel atencional-perceptivo, nivel cognitivo, nivel micro-social y nivel macro-social. En el presente análisis, se describen los hallazgos en términos de eficacia de la terapia psicológica integral para la esquizofrenia combinada con farmacoterapia; los distintos estudios reseñados indican que la IPT muestra superioridad terapéutica frente a otro tipo de intervenciones. (DUAZARY 2011, 93 - 98 AbstractSchizophrenia is defined as a table psychiatric, chronic and highly disabling, in the which, despite changes in the evolution of each patient, observe the following symptoms: ideas delusions, hallucinations, disorganized behavior (positive symptoms and blunted affect (symptoms negative. In the late 70’s is a change in the etiological concept of psychotic disorders starting to explain from a causes, ie as default and influenced by biopsychosocial conditions. One of the most complete packages of intervention is the therapy Comprehensive psychological schizophrenia (IPT. The authors of this therapeutic format asume Patients who meet criteria for

Aplicación de la terapia de interacción padres-hijos en un caso de trastorno negativista desafiante

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Ferro, Rafael; Vives, Carmen; Ascanio, Lourdes

2010-01-01

La terapia de interacción padres-hijos (PCIT) es una forma de terapia para tratar problemas de la infancia que integra la terapia de juego tradicional y los métodos clásicos operantes. Ha demostrado ser útil en problemas como: desobediencia, hiperac

TERAPIA GÉNICA Y PRINCIPIOS ÉTICOS A TERAPIA GÊNICA E OS PRINCÍPIOS ÉTICOS GEN THERAPY AND ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

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Eduardo Rodríguez Yunta

2003-01-01

Full Text Available La terapia génica constituye una forma de manipulación genética que trata de corregir o disminuir los efectos que ocasionan enfermedades de origen genético. Existen grandes esperanzas en el desarrollo de este tipo de terapia, sobre todo para enfermedades somáticas de origen genético que no tienen curación. Pero hay también numerosas dificultades técnicas que no están del todo resueltas. No se ha demostrado todavía eficacia clínica y se pueden producir daños irreversibles en el organismo. Por una parte, existe la necesidad de regular por medio de protocolos que deben ser rigurosamente analizados por comités de evaluación ética y científica y, por otra, hace falta un diálogo entre países, con el fin de evitar una presentación exitista de la técnica en el mercado sin mencionar sus dificultades inherentes. Una de las preocupaciones mayores es que la aceptación paulatina de este tipo de terapia, y la eliminación de restricciones, permita el uso de la técnica para terapia génica germinal y para terapia génica de mejoría, cuya validez ética es cuestionada. Usar la terapia génica en células germinales conlleva el riesgo de introducir daños genéticos en generaciones posterioresA terapia gênica constitui uma forma de manipulação genética que trata de corrigir ou diminuir os efeitos que ocasionam enfermidades de origem genética. Existem grandes esperanças no desenvolvimento deste tipo de terapia, sobretudo para doenças somáticas de origem genética que não tem cura. Existem, não obstante isso numerosos dificuldades técnicas que não estão totalmente resolvidas. Não se demostrou ainda a eficácia clínica e se pode causar danos irreversíveis no organismo. De um lado, existe a necessidade de regular por meio de protocolos que devem ser rigorosamente analisados por comitês de avaliação ética e científica, por outra, faz falta um diálogo entre países, para se evitar uma apresentação unilateral exitosa da t

Foto personali e foto di famiglia come strumento per la terapia. Il “Come, Cosa e Perché” delle tecniche di FotoTerapia

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Judy Weiser

2010-12-01

Full Text Available L’articolo spiega come e perché, l’utilizzo delle foto personali e quelle di famiglia delle persone in terapia durante il loro trattamento (“Tecniche di FotoTerapia” possa aumentare e approfondire tale processo, e migliorare la qualità dei risultati terapeutici. Si descrive come le foto creino un ponte in grado di raggiungere aree profonde del vissuto del cliente dove le parole non possono arrivare – fornendo quindi un eccellente mezzo per esaminare ed esplorare i sentimenti con il minimo dell’interferenza e delle difese cognitive. Basato sul principio che le fotografie presentano accanto ai dettagli visivi un contenuto emotivo, questo articolo mostra come il terapeuta formato nelle Tecniche di FotoTerapia possa usare le foto personali e quelle di famiglia del cliente per evocare ricordi, richiamare sentimenti, riconnettere pensieri, nascondere segreti, e portare alla luce il passato con nuove modalità. Si mostra come le Tecniche di FotoTerapia siano basate sul fatto che tutte le fotografie parlano il linguaggio metaforico e simbolico dell’inconscio, senza usare le parole, e quindi ogni immagine fotografica è in grado, indipendentemente dalla modalità preferita dal terapeuta, di raggiungere informazioni e sentimenti precedentemente bloccati o fortemente difesi. Dopo l’” Introduzione” e le Sezioni relative alle “Arti (e Arte Terapia” e “Fotografie (e Fotografia” che propongono le basi teoriche delle tecniche di FotoTerapia, l’articolo procede da una rassegna generale dell’“Uso delle Fotografie nella Pratica Terapeutica” a una spiegazione più dettagliata della “Cornice di Lavoro delle Tecniche di FotoTerapia”, discutendo i principi e le specifiche applicazioni di ogni tecnica, da usare singolarmente o in combinazione con le altre. È inoltre inclusa una comparazione tra le tecniche di “FotoTerapia” e le analoghe applicazioni sia della “Foto Arte Terapia” che della “Fotografia Terapeutica�

278. Terapia vacuum assisted closure como tratamiento de mediastinitis en pacientes que se han sometido a trasplante cardíaco

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M. Schuler

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: No hubo ningún caso de muerte hospitala-ria. En todos los pacientes se evidenció una evolución satisfactoria con la utilización de la terapia VAC que permitió la resolución definitiva de la herida sin ser necesaria en ningún caso una reducción en la terapia inmunosupresora.

Terapias alternativas/complementares no ensino público e privado: análise do conhecimento dos acadêmicos de enfermagem

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Trovo Monica Martins

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo visou a análise sobre o conhecimento que alunos de graduação em Enfermagem de duas instituições de ensino, uma pública e uma privada, têm em relação às terapias alternativas/complementares, uma vez que ambas as instituições oferecem disciplina específica nessa área, de forma optativa e obrigatória, respectivamente. Os dados encontrados sugerem que o conhecimento sobre o tema decorre do senso comum, além do ensino acadêmico. Os alunos recomendam mais a utilização de terapias alternativas/complementares do que fazem uso das mesmas, sendo as mais conhecidas por eles: a terapia floral, acupuntura, homeopatia, cromoterapia, fitoterapia, musicoterapia e massagem. E o aspecto mais negligenciado no processo ensino-aprendizagem dessa disciplina relaciona-se com os aspectos legais da especialização nesse campo para o enfermeiro.

Terapia cognitivo-conductual y psicosis

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CARLOS CUEVAS-YUST

2002-01-01

Full Text Available En una patología, la psicosis, tradicionalmente reservada al tratamiento psiquiátrico, resulta especialmente interesante y prometedora la aparición de las intervenciones psicológicas. De hecho, la terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC está mostrando ser una aproximación efectiva en el tratamiento de síntomas psicóticos positivos resistentes a la medicación neuroléptica, existiendo incluso alguna evidencia de que podría contribuir a la reducción de las recaídas. En el presente trabajo describimos las etapas de la TCC en la psicosis, así como su adaptación a esta patología.

Terapia sistémica de pareja en la depresión: un estudio de caso único

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Feixas i Viaplana, Guillem; Muñoz Cano, Dámaris; Dada Sánchez, Gloria; Compañ, Victoria; Arroyo Andreu, Susana

2009-01-01

En este estudio de caso único se presenta el tratamiento de una mujer diagnosticada de depresión mayor con terapia sistémica de pareja. Esta modalidad de terapia supone la inclusión de la pareja en todas las sesiones de tratamiento, en las que se trabaja con ambos de forma conjunta. A medida que avanza la terapia se van explicitando los significados relacionales de los síntomas y las dificultades de relación, y se trabaja de forma conjunta para remediarlas. El proceso terapéutico se completó ...

Análisis y descripción de una base de datos de Terapia Ocupacional: NARIC

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Casal Acción B

2005-09-01

Full Text Available RESUMENNARIC –National Rehabilitation Information Center- agrupa en su portal gran cantidad de información sobre discapacidad y terapia ocupacional. Está organizada en tres secciones de las cuales nos centraremos en Researchers, dividida a su vez en tres: REHABDATA, NIDRR y Naric Knowledgebase.REHABDATA es una base de datos que recoge resúmenes e información bibliográfica relacionada con la investigación en terapia ocupacional desde 1956 hasta la actualidad. Permite seis formas de búsqueda: avanzada, en los campos de los registros, por los términos del tesauro, por títulos de revista y por editor.El National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR financia trabajos de investigación relacionados con incapacidad. A través de esta sección se recuperan mediante diferentes interfaces las referencias de todos estos trabajos.Knowledgebase es una base de datos que cuenta con cuatro tipos de recursos: Organizaciones y servicios, publicaciones periódicas, bases de datos y directorios, y recursos de Internet. La información se divide en cinco apartados: búsqueda simple, avanzada, y tres directorios.ABSTRACTNARIC –National Rehabilitation Information Center- groups in its web great amount of information on disability and occupational therapy. It is organized in three sections of which we will be centered in Researchers, divided as well in three: REHABDATA, NIDRR and Naric KnowledgebaseREHABDATA is a database that gathers summaries and bibliographical information related to the investigation in occupational therapy from 1956 to the present time. It allows six search forms: advanced, in the fields of the records, by the terms of the thesaurus, titles of magazine and publisher.The National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR finances works of investigation related to disability. Through this section the references from all these works are retrieved by different interfaces.Knowledgebase is a database

Asociación de colelitiasis y terapia de reemplazo de testosterona en un paciente con hipogonadismo primario

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S. Squarza; U.G. Rossi; P. Torcia; M. Cariati

2018-01-01

Resumen: Tratamos a un niño de 16 años de edad con hipogonadismo primario debido a la anorquia bilateral, que presentó cálculos biliares en la vesícula biliar con una leve dilatación del árbol biliar intrahepático. La histología de los cálculos biliares confirmó la naturaleza de colesterol de los mismos. El niño fue tratado desde la infancia con terapia de reemplazo de testosterona. Sugerimos una posible correlación entre la terapia de reemplazo de testosterona y la presencia de cálculos bili...

Terapia antihipertensiva en enfermedad renal crónica

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V. Rodrigo Tagle, Dr.

2010-07-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC constituye una de las causas más frecuentes de hipertensión arterial (HTA secundaria. Existe una nueva clasificación de la ERC basada en la presencia de un daño estructural con o sin un deterioro de la velocidad de filtración glomerular (VFG. La prevalencia de la HTA varía principalmente según la magnitud de la VFG y la etiología de la enfermedad del parénquima renal. Los mecanismos hipertensógenos primordiales son: la retención de sodio e hipervolemia, y la activación del eje renina angiotensina aldosterona. La HTA es también un factor de progresión de la ERC. La terapia se basa en la restricción de sodio, diuréticos y bloqueadores del eje renina angiotensina. Consideraciones farmacológicas y clínicas son fundamentales para un efectivo uso de esta terapia. Los objetivos son la prevención cardiovascular y renal, a través de la obtención de determinados niveles de presión arterial (PA.

Terapias cognitivo conductuales para el tratamiento de los trastornos de personalidad

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Manuela Navarro-Leis

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Se han propuesto muchos tratamientos psicológicos para el abordaje de los trastornos de personalidad, realizándose gran variedad de estudios para comprobar la eficacia de los mismos. Y aunque hasta la fecha no se ha podido demostrar empíricamente que exista ningún tratamiento establecido como eficaz, si se ha demostrado que los tratamientos cognitivo conductuales y conductuales resultan probablemente eficaces para el tratamiento de estos trastornos, en concreto y de forma más específica para el Trastorno Límite de Personalidad. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer una revisión a nivel teórico y empírico de los tres modelos de tratamiento considerados actualmente de mayor eficacia: Terapia Dialéctica Conductual, Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso y Psicoterapia Analítico Funcional, incluidas dentro de las llamadas Terapias de conducta de tercera generación.

Envejecimiento y Alzheimer. Terapias asistidas con animales domésticos

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Herrera García, Tamara

2015-01-01

Este trabajo pretende dar a conocer, las diferentes teorías en cuanto al envejecimiento, una revisión teórica en cuanto a la enfermedad del Alzheimer, sus fases y los diferentes tipos de demencias, y por último las terapias asistidas con animales domésticos como medio de mejorar la autonomía en personas enfermas de Alzheimer. Los profesionales dedicados a ello tienen la tarea de prestarles una atención individualizada, puesto que son un colectivo de personas no homogéneo. Es importante destac...

Floral induction, floral hormones and flowering

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pol, van de P.A.

1972-01-01

The factors, influencing the synthesis and action of floral hormones, and possible differences between floral hormones in different plants were studied. The experimental results are summarized in the conclusions 1-20, on pages 35-36 (Crassulaceae'); 21-39 on pages

Evaluación de preservantes florales en la poscosecha de tres variedades de clavel estándar

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López Paola

2008-04-01

Full Text Available

En clavel es imprescindible el tratamiento poscosecha a base de tiosulfato de plata (STS, para garantizar una mayor longevidad floral; sin embargo, los tratamientos antietilénicos a base del ión plata implican contaminación ambiental. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar la evaluación de diferentes compuestos en la poscosecha de clavel estándar variedades Nelson, Dream y Delphi, como posibles sustitutos del STS. Para este fin, se utilizaron tratamientos a base de STS, SR-AOA (ácido aminooxacético de liberación lenta y quitosan. En seguida a la cosecha de los tallos florales se realizó una simulación de viaje con una duración aproximada de 21 días; posteriormente, las flores fueron sometidas a evaluaciones de longevidad, velocidad de apertura, color y consumo de agua. En la evolución de la vida en florero, se observó la misma tendencia para las tres variedades: un primer grupo de mayor longevidad floral, conformado por los tratamientos a base de SR-AOA y STS, con un promedio de durabilidad de 14 a 20 días; y el segundo grupo, de menor longevidad floral, conformado por los tratamientos a base de quitosan, quitosan más ácido cítrico, quitosan más AOA y testigo absoluto, con una duración promedio de 6 a 8 días.

Uso de los sistemas de presión negativa en el tratamiento de infecciones asociadas a dispositivos: “una vieja terapia con un uso novedoso”

OpenAIRE

William Fernando Bautista Vargas; Diego Andrés Rodriguez Guerrero; Luis Carlos Sáenz

2017-01-01

Introducción: El cuidado de los pacientes con infecciones asociadas al dispositivo sin endocarditis, incluye: la extracción completa y la realización de capsulectomía para evitar la reinfección. El uso de nuevos elementos como el sistema de la presión negativa es una terapia novedosa que ha demostrado disminuir: los tiempos de recuperación, el tiempo de estancia intrahospitalaria, la necesidad de nuevas intervenciones por sangrado o lavado y el tiempo de espera para un nuevo implante. Nuestro...

NUEVAS TERAPIAS EN EL MANEJO DE LOS GLIOMAS DE ALTO GRADO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr. Raúl Valenzuela

2017-05-01

Full Text Available El reto de mejorar el tratamiento actual de los gliomas de alto grado ha sido abordado con inmensa creatividad, desarrollándose una gran variedad de estrategias para este fin. El análisis interino de un estudio fase III mostró que el beneficio de la terapia standard mejora al complementarla con terapia de campos eléctricos alternantes (Novo TTF-100 A; dadas las limitaciones de un análisis interino, queda por establecer la real magnitud y relevancia clínica de esta mejoría. El presunto beneficio de usar tratamiento antiviral contra citomegalovirus es muy controvertido y su utilidad no se ha demostrado en forma fehaciente. Las terapias antiangiogénicas han mostrado ser útiles para el manejo de las recurrencias, al menos como tratamiento sintomático, pero no han demostrado mejorar la sobrevida en pacientes de novo. La terapia dirigida contra señales intracelulares de crecimiento, conceptualmente muy atractiva, todavía no ha logrado resultados clínicos exitosos. Hay datos preliminares promisorios respecto al uso clínico de vacunas antitumorales y de inmunomodulación con inhibidores de “checkpoints”; también hay algunos datos preliminares a favor del uso de virus oncolíticos. La terapia genética parece estar en etapas aún muy tempranas de su desarrollo y probablemente demore más tiempo en llegar a demostrar utilidad clínica.

Las nuevas tecnologías en la terapia cognitivo-conductual: una revisión

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xavier Bornas

2002-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se hace un análisis del uso de las nuevas tecnologías como elemento terapéutico en el campo de la psicología cognitivo-conductual. Tras seleccionar las palabras-clave se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Eric, PsycInfo, Dissertations Abstracts Online, Scy Search, Sociological Abstracts y Pascal a partir de 1990. La revisión de los trabajos publicados proporcionó información sobre tecnología usada, trastorno específico, muestra y diseño, descripción del funcionamiento y resultados. El ordenador aparece como la tecnología más empleada y los trastornos de ansiedad son los que han recibido más atención mediante nuevas tecnologías. La realidad virtual e internet son más usadas a partir de 1995. La eficacia de los tratamientos es elevada y comparable a la de los más tradicionales. Aunque los resultados indican un creciente uso de las nuevas tecnologías en la terapia cognitivo-conductual, esto es más cierto en los ámbitos académicos que en los clínicos. Estos aspectos se tratan en la discusión

La terapia de vacío como alternativa terapéutica en quemaduras con exposición ósea

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvaro J. Bernal-Martínez

Full Text Available Introducción y Objetivos: En determinados casos el desbridamiento quirúrgico de las quemaduras de espesor total genera defectos de cobertura con exposición de hueso. Cuando se trata de pacientes con gran superficie corporal quemada, la disponibilidad de tejidos para llevar a cabo la reconstrucción de estos defectos es limitada. La introducción de la terapia de vacío en el tratamiento de este tipo de lesiones supone una alternativa para estos pacientes. Pacientes y Método: Presentamos 2 casos de pacientes con quemaduras extensas y profundas en las extremidades inferiores y exposición ósea. En ambos aplicamos terapia de vacío. Resultados: Logramos el cierre completo de las heridas tras obtener una cobertura total del hueso con tejido de granulación y posterior injerto cutáneo. Conclusiones: Consideramos que la terapia de vacío es una alternativa útil que actúa de forma segura estimulando el cierre de la herida y minimizando las necesidades de tratamiento quirúrgico en quemaduras de espesor total con exposición ósea.

C??lulas madre en terapia celular card??aca

OpenAIRE

Lobo Gonz??lez, Manuel

2013-01-01

La enfermedad cardiovascular, y su frecuente resultado final, el fallo card??aco del ventr??culo izquierdo, son la principal causa de morbimortalidad en los pa??ses desarrollados. La investigaci??n con c??lulas madre podr??a regenerar una variedad de c??lulas que incluye a los cardiomiocitos. Se han utilizado diferentes fuentes celulares para la terapia regenerativa card??aca, incluyendo c??lulas madre card??acas, mioblastos de m??sculo esquel??tico, c??lulas madre derivadas de la...

Feminismo e terapia: a terapia feminista da família - por uma psicologia comprometida

OpenAIRE

Narvaz,Martha Giudice; Koller,Sílvia Helena

2007-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho é destacar a terapia feminista da família enquanto abordagem crítica no campo das psicoterapias e das terapias familiares. Inicialmente, descrevemos o feminismo enquanto campo político, teórico e epistemológico, bem como a incorporação do paradigma feminista ao campo das psicoterapias. Descrevemos também o surgimento da vertente feminista da terapia familiar e as principais críticas feministas às terapias familiares sistêmicas tradicionais. Ao final, destacamos a ter...

Crisis vital desde una perspectiva de género

OpenAIRE

Castro, Eva; Flores López, Olga

2004-01-01

A continuación se presenta el caso de una mujer de 55 años que presenta una crisis de identidad, abordado desde una perspectiva de género y un modelo explicativo y terapéutico que incluye elementos del análisis transaccional y la terapia constructivista.

Cuanta más psicología, mejor: eficacia para dejar de fumar. De la terapia cognitiva conductual intensiva y de los parches de nicotina combinados con terapia cognitiva conductual intensiva y menos intensiva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ignacio Gabino Fernández Arias

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Para comparar la eficacia para dejar de fumar de la terapia cognitiva conductual intensiva (TCC/I, la TCC/I con parches de nicotina (TCC/I+PN y la terapia cognitiva conductual no intensiva con parches de nicotina (TCC/NI+PN se realizó un estudio experimental de medidas repetidas con 235 fumadores adultos asignados aleatoriamente a uno de esos tres tratamientos. Entre los pacientes que completaron el tratamiento (n= 152 la TCC/I+PN mostró tasas de abstinencia a los 6 meses y al año, mayores que la TCC/NI+PN, mientras que la TCC/I mostró tasas de abstinencia que no eran significativamente diferentes de las de los otros dos tratamientos. Estos resultados sugieren que los parches de nicotina se deberían utilizar siempre con una terapia cognitiva conductual lo más intensiva posible y que la utilización de esta última terapia en solitario debería gozar de mayor relevancia en las guías clínicas para dejar de fumar.

Efectos de las terapias ecuestres en personas con parálisis cerebral

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Augusto Jiménez de la Fuente

2017-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del artículo es revisar la literatura científica existente a fin de comprobar los efectos de las terapias ecuestres en personas con parálisis cerebral. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos de Medline (PubMed, Dialnet, Scopus, Sportdiscus y Web of Science, estableciendo como criterios de inclusión para seleccionar los estudios clínicos por revisar que estos hubieran sido publicados entre 2001 y 2016, en castellano o inglés. Asimismo, se rechazaron aquellos en los que los sujetos recibieran una combinación de tratamientos farmacológicos. Se revisaron un total de 68 artículos, de los cuales 20 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se analizaron la población objeto de estudio, el tipo de tratamiento, la temporalización y los resultados obtenidos. En general, se observan beneficios significativos en el uso de las terapias ecuestres como tratamiento para personas con parálisis cerebral.

Terapia acuática en alteraciones de equilibrio de origen neurológico

OpenAIRE

Álvaro Macarrilla, Nagore

2014-01-01

RESUMEN: Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo, es realizar una revisión de la literatura actual sobre la efectividad de la Terapia Acuática (TA) en el tratamiento rehabilitador de las patologías neurológicas que cursan con una alteración del equilibrio estático y/o dinámico. Material y métodos: Para la elaboración de esta revisión se ha efectuado una búsqueda exhaustiva de las principales bases de datos de ciencias de la salud (PubMed, PEDro, ScienceDirect, Cochrane y LILACS). El principal p...

V Jornadas de actualización en terapia ocupacional: Formación continuada en terapia ocupacional

OpenAIRE

Asensio, Carmen; García Lemos, C.; Viedma, María José de; Pérez Corrales, Jorge; Sánchez Cabeza, Ángel; Pascual Agudo, Elisa; Santos, Francisco de los

2014-01-01

V Jornadas de actualización en terapia ocupacional: Formación continuada en terapia ocupacional, celebradas en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos campus de Alcorcón en 2014. Fisioterapia, Terapia Ocupacional, Rehabilitación y Medicina Física

Terapia asistida con animales y cuidados de enfermería : una revisión de la literatura más reciente

OpenAIRE

Salazar Calleja, Alma

2016-01-01

Introducción. La terapia asistida con animales en el ámbito sanitario se remonta al siglo XI. Con el paso del tiempo y la aparición de nueva evidencia científica que avala el gran número de beneficios derivados de sus efectos terapéuticos, dichas terapias han adquirido cierta popularidad. Objetivos.El objetivo principal de este trabajo es conocer los resultados de la terapia asistida con animales; y como objetivo secundario determinar cuál es el papel de la enfermería. Métodos. Para analizar ...

Células madre y terapia celular

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Elso Manuel Cruz Cruz

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Una célula madre (CM o célula troncal es aquella capaz de dividirse indefinidamente y diferenciarse a distintos tipos de células especializadas, no sólo morfológica sino también funcionalmente. Las células madre pueden clasificarse atendiendo a su origen en células madre adultas (CMA y células madre embrionarias (CME. Por sus características, las CM tienen potencialidades para diversos usos en la práctica clínica. La primera es como vehículo terapéutico de genes, en el caso de enfermedades monogénicas o incluso como vehículo de terapias antitumorales o antiangiogénicas. La segunda y principal aplicación es, aprovechando su potencial de diferenciación, en la regeneración de tejidos destruidos o dañados, como terapia de reemplazo celular o medicina regenerativa. En esta área se están desarrollando trabajos de investigación donde se busca reemplazar células dañadas por otras que restituyan la función normal de los tejidos u órganos; en enfermedades como: diabetes mellitus, enfermedades cardiovasculares, enfermedad de Parkinson y enfermedades de células sanguíneas. Actualmente existen muchas investigaciones enfocadas a descubrir células progenitoras que sirvan como banco de células para usos terapéuticos. Se reporta el empleo de varias estrategias, las que incluyen: terapias celulares derivadas de células autólogas; terapias celulares derivadas de líneas celulares establecidas desde una variedad de CM que incluyen MO, cordón umbilical, CME, así como células de tejidos y órganos de animales genéticamente modificados. Las principales aplicaciones se realizan con CM de la médula ósea (MO, ya que esta es un recurso celular propio, accesible y abundante para la terapia celular. (1 En la MO existe un grupo heterogéneo de CMA; además de las hematopoyéticas (CMH están las: endoteliales, mesenquimales (CMM, de la población lateral, progenitoras adultas multipotentes, ovales y también células madre muy peque

Evaluación preliminar en un modelo animal de la terapia con larvas de Lucilia sericata para el tratamiento de la leishmaniasis cutánea

OpenAIRE

Jazzmin Arrivillaga; Jaime Rodríguez; Milagros Oviedo

2008-01-01

Introducción. La terapia con larvas ha sido ampliamente utilizada para el tratamiento de lesiones ulcerativas de la piel; existen registros de enfermedades, como podopatía diabética, osteomielitis y úlceras varicosas, en las cuales el uso de la terapia con larvas ha promovido la cicatrización de la lesión en presencia de patógenos bacterianos resistentes a los antibióticos convencionales. Objetivo. Realizar una prueba piloto de terapia con larvas de Lucilia sericata sobre lesiones cutáneas...

UFO: an Arabidopsis gene involved in both floral meristem and floral organ development.

Science.gov (United States)

Levin, J Z; Meyerowitz, E M

1995-05-01

We describe the role of the UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO) gene in Arabidopsis floral development based on a genetic and molecular characterization of the phenotypes of nine ufo alleles. UFO is required for the proper identity of the floral meristem and acts in three different aspects of the process that distinguishes flowers from shoots. UFO is involved in establishing the whorled pattern of floral organs, controlling the determinacy of the floral meristem, and activating the APETALA3 and PISTILLATA genes required for petal and stamen identity. In many respects, UFO acts in a manner similar to LEAFY, but the ufo mutant phenotype also suggests an additional role for UFO in defining boundaries within the floral primordia or controlling cell proliferation during floral organ growth. Finally, genetic interactions that prevent flower formation and lead to the generation of filamentous structures implicate UFO as a member of a new, large, and diverse class of genes in Arabidopsis necessary for flower formation.

Aromas florales y su interacción con los insectos polinizadores Floral scents and their interaction with insect pollinators

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Julieta Grajales-Conesa

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Las plantas emplean diversas señales visuales y olfativas con la finalidad de atraer a los polinizadores que en su mayoría son insectos. Algunas plantas han desarrollado mecanismos, basándose en mensajes olfativos que los hacen únicos para sus polinizadores específicos. Estos mecanismos, así como las variaciones intra- e interespecíficas en el perfil de los aromas florales han evolucionado para determinadas especies. Los aromas florales son un conjunto de compuestos volátiles orgánicos y para su estudio hay varios métodos que requieren de técnicas que cada vez son más eficientes. El uso de estos aromas podría ser una opción en determinados sistemas de polinización, utilizándolos como atrayente de polinizadores o de depredadores y/o herbívoro para incrementar la producción y disminuir los daños por plagas. En este trabajo se revisan las distintas interacciones de los insectos y los aromas florales, los sistemas específicos planta-polinizador, los métodos de análisis, así como algunos patrones o tendencias de estas interacciones y su aplicación e importancia.Plants use visual and olfactory cues to attract pollinators and to allow them to detect the presence of flowers, which most of them are insects. Some plants have evolved with their pollinators, based on the olfactory messages, which make them unique for their specific pollinators. These mechanisms have evolved in certain plants in relation to their pollinators, and there are also inter and intra-specific variation in fragrance cues which show specific chemical profile for each plant species, so insects attracted are specific to them. Most of the floral scents are organic compounds identified with techniques and methodologies which become more specific and efficient along the time. The application of floral scent could be used as a tool in pollination and pest management. In these studies, insect interaction with floral scent is reviewed and specificity of plant

Floral development and floral phyllotaxis in Anaxagorea (Annonaceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Endress, Peter K; Armstrong, Joseph E

2011-10-01

Background and Aims Anaxagorea is the phylogenetically basalmost genus in the large tropical Annonaceae (custard apple family) of Magnoliales, but its floral structure is unknown in many respects. The aim of this study is to analyse evolutionarily interesting floral features in comparison with other genera of the Annonaceae and the sister family Eupomatiaceae. Methods Live flowers of Anaxagorea crassipetala were examined in the field with vital staining, liquid-fixed material was studied with scanning electron microscopy, and microtome section series were studied with light microscopy. In addition, herbarium material of two other Anaxagorea species was cursorily studied with the dissecting microscope. Key Results Floral phyllotaxis in Anaxagorea is regularly whorled (with complex whorls) as in all other Annonaceae with a low or medium number of floral organs studied so far (in those with numerous stamens and carpels, phyllotaxis becoming irregular in the androecium and gynoecium). The carpels are completely plicate as in almost all other Annonaceae. In these features Anaxagorea differs sharply from the sister family Eupomatiaceae, which has spiral floral phyllotaxis and ascidiate carpels. Flat stamens and the presence of inner staminodes differ from most other Annonaceae and may be plesiomorphic in Anaxagorea. However, the inner staminodes appear to be non-secretory in most Anaxagorea species, which differs from inner staminodes in other families of Magnoliales (Eupomatiaceae, Degeneriacae, Himantandraceae), which are secretory. Conclusions Floral phyllotaxis in Anaxagorea shows that there is no signature of a basal spiral pattern in Annonaceae and that complex whorls are an apomorphy not just for a part of the family but for the family in its entirety, and irregular phyllotaxis is derived. This and the presence of completely plicate carpels in Anaxagorea makes the family homogeneous and distinguishes it from the closest relatives in Magnoliales.

Pioderma gangrenoso refractario: utilidad de la terapia combinada. Enfoque en beneficio de la terapia hiperbárica en su tratamiento

OpenAIRE

Segura Charry, Juan Sebastián; Jaimes, Diego Alejandro; Londoño, John Darío

2013-01-01

Resumen El Pioderma Gangrenoso (PG) es un tipo de dermatosis neutrofílica que tiene un componente idiopático, o puede tener asociación con patologías subyacentes sistémicas. Es el resultado de una respuesta exagerada contra estímulos específicos y no específicos. Su primera línea de terapia son los GC; sin embargo, en algunos pacientes, no se logra control de su patología con éste tratamiento (local o sistémico), y se debe recurrir al uso de medicamentos inmunomoduladores, agentes biológicos ...

Exploración del clima ético en estudiantes escuela de terapia ocupacional

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Laura Rueda C.

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El trabajo que presentamos consta de dos partes. La primera expone una reflexión acerca de la situación intervinculada que se presenta, a nivel ético, entre el desarrollo de las relaciones interpersonales y la incursión de éstas en el escenario de la vida académica. Además, las funciones que se le atribuyen a la Universidad, entorno al tema y en especial la misión de la Escuela de Terapia Ocupacional en la formación, en valores, del futuro profesional. En la segunda parte, usando el método de análisis cualitativo, expondremos el diagnóstico del clima ético percibido por los estudiantes de primer nivel de la Escuela. Esto, respondiendo a la necesidad de elaborar una propuesta formativa en valores éticos, orientada a la creación de una ciudadanía interesada en profundizar los estilos de vida protectores de la salud. En la disciplina (Terapia Ocupacional que abordamos en nuestra formación, son principios fundamentales los valores democráticos e inclusivos de las personas en situación de desventaja. Para ello, es prioritario desarrollar competencias valórativas desde un modelo formativo ético que, tanto en su dimensión teórica como práctica se den en el clima universitario.

La terapia hormonal de reemplazo en la pre y pos menopausia: tendencias y controversias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sánchez-Ramírez, Georgina

2008-07-01

Full Text Available Con la finalidad de contribuir a una actualización del estado del arte y bajo una perspectiva crítica, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre las indicaciones terapéuticas de la Terapia de Reemplazo Hormonal, así como las diferentes controversias, usos y beneficios durante la pre y la posmenopausia. Los beneficios demostrados hasta el momento de la THR, son la corrección de la atrofia urogenital y/o vaginal y la disminución de las molestias de los síntomas vasomotores (los sofocos o bochornos, los vértigos, las sensaciones de hormigueo en las extremidades y palpitaciones y el aumento de la DMO que puede prevenir las fracturas de cadera y vértebras. Las dosis recomendadas para la administración de THR han variado con el tiempo, cobrando fuerza últimamente la corriente clínica que recomienda dosis menores que las utilizadas en años anteriores, ya que se están demostrando los mismos beneficios, disminuyendo los riesgos asociados a su uso, lo cual requiere una actualización en la información que manejan tanto los médicos como las usuarias. Existe además la necesidad de ampliar las investigaciones sobre el uso de otro tipo de terapias para aliviar la sintomatología climatérica diferente a la THR.

Intervención de Terapia Ocupacional en el Área de Observación de una Unidad de Cuidados Psiquiátricos Prolongados: un proyecto piloto

OpenAIRE

García Lemos, C.

2014-01-01

V Jornadas de actualización en terapia ocupacional: Formación continuada en terapia ocupacional, celebradas en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos campus de Alcorcón en 2014. Fisioterapia, Terapia Ocupacional, Rehabilitación y Medicina Física

Terapia de choque

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Agustin, Oscar Garcia

2012-01-01

No hay alternativa, nos dicen. Ya no hay líneas rojas. Sólo un poco más de terapia de choque para aumentar el desorden bipolar entre los que tienen y los que no.......No hay alternativa, nos dicen. Ya no hay líneas rojas. Sólo un poco más de terapia de choque para aumentar el desorden bipolar entre los que tienen y los que no....

Lucilia eximia (Diptera: Calliphoridae, a new alternative for maggot therapy. Case series report Lucilia eximia (Diptera: Calliphoridae, una nueva alternativa para la terapia larval

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvia Emelia Herrera Higuita

2010-05-01

como una alternativa eficaz. Se presentan los resultados de la aplicación de la terapia larval en 42 pacientes con úlceras de diferentes orígenes, utilizando, como una nueva alternativa en larviterapia, la especie Lucilia eximia. Se presenta documentación fotografica de la aplicacion de esta terapia en cuatro casos.

Lipoproteína a, aterosclerosis y terapia hormonal de reemplazo Lipoprotein a, atherosclerosis and replacement hormone therapy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel Lugones Botell

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión sobre la lipoproteína plasmática, Lp(a, cuyo papel fisiológico es poco conocido. Se ha descrito una asociación entre las concentraciones aumentadas de Lp(a y el proceso aterosclerótico. Además, su exceso podría inducir una disminución de la actividad fibrinolítica y, por tanto, favorecer la trombosis. También analizamos la terapia hormonal de reemplazo. En relación con los efectos positivos, mejora los síntomas climatéricos y previene la osteoporosis, aunque entre los efectos adversos en las mujeres que la siguen, se ha descrito un ligero aumento del riesgo del tromboembolismo venoso, y más recientemente, en estudios realizados en EE.UU. en los años 2002 y 2004, en el ya conocido estudio (Women´s Health Initiative Study, se reportó mayor incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares para la terapia combinada con estrógenos conjugados equinos y medroxiprogesterona, y de stroke para la terapia estrogénica. Estos estudios pusieron en su lugar los efectos de esta terapia, que no es totalmente inocua. Se precisan estudios más amplios para definir el papel de la terapia hormonal de reemplazo y otras medidas terapéuticas sobre el sistema hemostático, el metabolismo lipídico y la enfermedad cardiovascular.A review of plasmatic lipoprotein, Lp(a, whose physiological role is little known, was made. An association between the augmented concentrations of Lp(a and the atherosclerotic proccess has been described. Besides, its excess may lead to a reduction of the fibrinolytic activity and, therefore, favor thrombosis. The replacement hormone therapy was also analyzed. In relation to its positive effects, it improves the climacteric symptoms and prevents osteoporosis. Among its adverse effects, it has been observed a mild increase of the risk for venous thromboembolism and, more recently, in the aleady known Women's Health Initiative Study, it was reported a higher incidence of cardiovascular events for the combined

Terapia génica con citocinas contra cáncer cervicouterino Gene therapy with cytokines against cervical cancer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Víctor Hugo Bermúdez-Morales

2005-12-01

Full Text Available La terapia génica es una excelente alternativa para el tratamiento de muchas enfermedades. La capacidad para manipular el DNA ha permitido dirigir la terapia génica para corregir la función de un gen alterado, aumentar la expresión de un gen o activar la respuesta inmune. Así, se puede proponer el uso del DNA como un medicamento capaz de controlar, corregir o curar una enfermedad. La terapia génica contra cáncer tiene un potencial enorme, y en la última década se han obtenido resultados muy alentadores del uso del DNA para controlar diversas neoplasias en modelos animales, lo cual ha permitido su aplicación en protocolos experimentales en humanos. Esta revisión concentra una reseña de los fundamentos de la terapia génica y su aplicación en cáncer cervical, desde el punto de vista de las alteraciones de la respuesta inmune enfocadas al microambiente tumoral y el uso de las citocinas como moduladores de la respuesta inmune.Gene therapy is an excellent alternative for treatment of many diseases. Capacity to manipulate the DNA has allowed direct the gene therapy to correct the function of an altered gene, to increase the expression of a gene and to favour the activation of the immune response. This way, it can intend the use of the DNA like medication able to control, to correct or to cure many diseases. Gene therapy against cancer has an enormous potential, and actually the use of the DNA has increased to control diverse cancer in animal models, with very encouraging results that have allowed its applications in experimental protocols in human. This work concentrates a review of the foundations of the gene therapy and its application on cervical cancer, from the point of view of the alterations of the immune system focused on the tumour micro-environment, and the use of the cytokines as immunomodulators.

FUNÇÕES DESEMPENHADAS PELO ENFERMEIRO EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA

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Micheli Grande Cenedési

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Estudio exploratorio, con enfoque cualitativo con objetivo general de identificar las funciones desarrolladas por enfermero en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, siguiendo el marco canadiense de función del enfermero (atención, educar, coordinar, supervisar y colaborar. Los datos fueron recolectados en 2009 mediante aplicación de cuestionario y observación sistemática de nueve enfermeros de una unidad de terapia intensiva de un hospital privado de Curitiba-PR, Brasil. Los datos obtenidos fueron clasificados por la técnica de análisis de contenido. Los resultados indican que los enfermeros son en su mayoría mujeres jóvenes, que no tienen experiencia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. La observación de las actividades presenta que todas las funciones descritas en el marco son desarrolladas por los enfermeros del servicio, donde las funciones de coordinación, supervisión y atención técnica son las más significativas.

Floral development and floral phyllotaxis in Anaxagorea (Annonaceae)

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Endress, Peter K.; Armstrong, Joseph E.

2011-01-01

Background and Aims Anaxagorea is the phylogenetically basalmost genus in the large tropical Annonaceae (custard apple family) of Magnoliales, but its floral structure is unknown in many respects. The aim of this study is to analyse evolutionarily interesting floral features in comparison with other genera of the Annonaceae and the sister family Eupomatiaceae. Methods Live flowers of Anaxagorea crassipetala were examined in the field with vital staining, liquid-fixed material was studied with...

Dependency on floral resources determines the animals' responses to floral scents.

Science.gov (United States)

Junker, Robert R; Blüthgen, Nico

2010-08-01

Animal-pollinated angiosperms either depend on cross-pollination or may also reproduce after self-pollination - the former are thus obligately, the latter facultatively dependent on the service of animal-pollinators. Analogously, flower visitors either solely feed on floral resources or complement their diet with these, and are hence dependent or not on the flowers they visit. We assume that obligate flower visitors evolved abilities that enable them to effectively forage on flowers including mechanisms to bypass or tolerate floral defences such as morphological barriers and repellent / deterrent secondary metabolites. Facultative flower visitors, in contrast, are supposed to lack these adaptations and are often prevented to consume floral resources by defence mechanisms. In cases where obligate flower visitors are mutualists and facultative ones are antagonists, this dichotomy provides a solution for the plants' dilemma to attract pollinators and simultaneously repel exploiters. In a meta-analysis, we recently supported this hypothesis: obligate flower visitors are attracted to floral scents, while facultative ones are repelled. Here, we add empirical evidence to these results: bumblebees and ants, obligate and facultative flower visitors, respectively, responded as predicted by the results of the meta-analysis to synthetic floral scent compounds.

CULTURA DE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE EM TERAPIA INTENSIVA: RECOMENDAÇÕES DA ENFERMAGEM

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Janeide Freitas de Mello

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Estudio cuantitativo, de tipo investigativo, transversal y comparativo que tuvo por objeto sistematizar las recomendaciones de enfermería sobre la seguridad del paciente en dos Unidades de Terapia Intensiva adulta de la Grande Florianópolis-SC, Brasil, en 2011. Resultó de la respuesta a una pregunta cualitativa aplicada con el Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture para 97 profesionales, con una tasa de respuesta del 93,8% correspondiente a 91 profesionales, y obtuvo 267 recomendaciones, clasificadas de acuerdo con las dimensiones del instrumento utilizado. Hubo un mayor número de recomendaciones para las dimensiones: aprendizaje organizacional y la mejora continua, con sugerencias envolviendo a la capacitación y al entrenamiento; personal en relación con la cuestión cuantitativa; y la percepción general de la seguridad, indicándose la mejoría de los procedimientos, los procesos y el apoyo de la gestión hospitalaria, dando énfasis a la mejoría de los recursos materiales y equipamientos. Destacadas por otros estudios, estas recomendaciones son esenciales para la promoción de la seguridad del paciente en las Unidades de Terapia Intensiva estudiadas.

Kant y Nietzsche. Dos terapias contra los males de la ciencia histórica a partir de una perspectiva inactual.

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Zaida Olvera

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Con el presente trabajo pretendo mostrar que la reflexión sobre la historia de Nietzsche, expuesta en la segunda consideración intempestiva, puede ser situada en la estela de la filosofía de la historia kantiana, pues tanto Kant como Nietzsche observan efectos dañinos causados por el estudio de la historia, y proponen terapias contra ellos basadas en una concepción de un tiempo que se encuentra fuera del tiempo serial. Sin embargo muestro a su vez el punto de inflexión en donde ya no es posible concebir a Nietzsche siguiendo los pasos de Kant y establezco que Nietzsche introduce una concepción orgánica en el núcleo de sus reflexiones sobre la historia. My aim with this paper is to show the possibility of understanding Nietzsche’s consideration about history, developed in his Second Untimely Meditation, as following the path of Kantian philosophy of history. Both Kant and Nietzsche are aware of the damaging consequences produced by the study of history, therefore both suggest a therapy against them, based on a conception of time which is beyond serial time. Nevertheless, I show as well the inflection point where the possibility of conceiving Nietzsche as a Kantian is no more possible and I establish that at the core of Nietzsche´s conception of history lies an organic conception of it.

Experiences of nursing professionals in alternative and complementing therapies applied to people in pain situations Experiencias de profesionales de enfermería en terapias alternativas y complementarias aplicadas a personas en situaciones de dolor

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MARÍN ARIZA DIEGO ANDRÉS

2008-07-01

Full Text Available To know the experiences of nursing professionals on the use of alternative and complementing therapies applied during health care to people in pain situations, a qualitative study was carried out, as a graduation project for a group of nursing students –undergraduates– from the Universidad del Bosque, between 2005 and 2007, in which four nursing professionals took part. They had several years of experience in the use of floral therapy, acupuncture, homeopathy, chiropractic massage therapy and naturopathy; in other words, those therapies that also enable a synergic action when combined with the conventional therapeutic medical-pharmacologic-surgical procedures, which they complement; the selection of participants wasmadeusing the "snow ball" technique. The information was gathered by means of semi-structured deep interviews. The analysis of the results enabled us to learn that said experiences do not have as sole purpose to relieve a determined type of pain, but, generally, to evaluate the health condition and to intervene with an integral focus, considering the individual as a holistic human being; on the other hand, this work has given the students great satisfaction and possibilities for personal development.Para conocer las experiencias de profesionales de enfermería en el uso de terapias alternativas y complementarias aplicadas durante el cuidado de la salud a personas en situación de dolor, se realizó un estudio cualitativo, como trabajo de grado de un grupo de estudiantes –de pregrado– de Enfermería de la Uni-versidad El Bosque, entre los años 2005 y 2007, en el que participaron cuatro profesionales de enfermería, con varios años de experiencia en la utilización de Terapia Floral, Acupuntura, Homeopatía, Quiromasaje y Naturopatía; es decir, aquellas terapias que, además permiten una acción sinérgica al combinarse con los procedimientos terapéuticos médico-farmacológicos-quirúrgicos convencionales, a los cuales

La terapia asistida por delfines y su implementación en niños con Síndrome de Down : una experiencia en Estados Unidos y México

OpenAIRE

Cortés Marco, Montserrat

2016-01-01

El propósito de esta Tesis Doctoral consiste en observación y análisis de la Terapia Asistida por delfines en niños con Síndrome de Down, con el fin de comprobar si hay una mejora en la evolución del lenguaje y la comunicación tanto a nivel mímico, verbal y visual, en las edades comprendidas entre los 5 meses y los 17 años de edad. Dicha práctica esta llevada a cabo a México y Estados Unidos respectivamente. Para poder llevar a cabo la observación se ha partido de la ejecución de unos ítems d...

CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA MORFOLOGÍA FLORAL DE DOS CULTIVARES DE BERENJENA (Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae FLORAL MORPHOLOGY CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO CULTIVARS OF EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae

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Hermes Araméndiz Tatis

2009-12-01

Full Text Available La berenjena es una especie perteneciente al género Solanum, de gran importancia en la horticultura del Caribe colombiano. El estudio tuvo como objetivo describir la morfología floral de dos cultivares de berenjena “Long Purple” y “Criolla Lila”, que tienen origen geográfico diferente, utilizando para ello, una muestra aleatoria de 100 cojines florales por cultivar. Se estimaron la media, rango, varianza, desviación estándar, coeficiente de variación y se aplicó la prueba t, para determinar diferencias entre los dos cultivares. Los resultados indicaron que el cultivar “Long Purple”, presenta flores distílicas, en tanto que en el “Criollo Lila” se observó la presencia de tristilia. El potencial de producción de frutos, fue del 76,5% y 57,52%, para el “Criollo Lila” y “Long Purple”, respectivamente. Las flores brevistílicas en ambos cultivares, incrementan la aptitud masculina y por ende un desbalance entre las flores con funcionamiento masculino y hermafrodita.The eggplant is a specie of genus Solanum, of great importance in horticulture of colombian Caribbean region. The objective of study was to describe the floral morphology of two cultivars of eggplant “Long Purple” and “Lilac land race”, which have different geographic origin. We used a random sample of 100 floral cushions for cultivar. The mean, range, variance, standard deviation, variation coefficient were estimated. The t-test was applied to determine differences between two cultivars. The results indicated that genotype ‘Long Purple’, showed distylics flowers, while in the “Lilac land race” was observed the presence of tristylics flowers. The potential for production of fruit was 76.50% and 57.52% for the “Lilac land race” and “Long Purple”, respectively. Brevistylics flowers in the two cultivars, increased male fitness and thus produced a nonbalance on functioning between male and hermaphrodite flowers.

Why Do Floral Perfumes Become Different? Region-Specific Selection on Floral Scent in a Terrestrial Orchid

Science.gov (United States)

Gross, Karin; Sun, Mimi; Schiestl, Florian P.

2016-01-01

Geographically structured phenotypic selection can lead to adaptive divergence. However, in flowering plants, such divergent selection has rarely been shown, and selection on floral signals is generally little understood. In this study, we measured phenotypic selection on display size, floral color, and floral scent in four lowland and four mountain populations of the nectar-rewarding terrestrial orchid Gymnadenia odoratissima in two years. We also quantified population differences in these traits and pollinator community composition. Our results show positive selection on display size and positive, negative, or absence of selection on different scent compounds and floral color. Selection on the main scent compounds was consistently stronger in the lowlands than in the mountains, and lowland plants emitted higher amounts of most of these compounds. Pollinator community composition also differed between regions, suggesting different pollinators select for differences in floral volatiles. Overall, our study is the first to document consistent regional differences in selection on floral scent, suggesting this pattern of selection is one of the evolutionary forces contributing to regional divergence in floral chemical signaling. PMID:26886766

Infecciones pulmonares en pacientes con VIH 20 años después de la terapia antirretroviral combinada. ¿Qué ha cambiado?

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Johanna Osorio

Full Text Available Introducción: Antes del año 1996, la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH era considerada una condición fatal; sin embargo, con la introducción de la terapia antirretroviral combinada, se transformó en una enfermedad crónica con gran incremento en su expectativa de vida. A pesar de esta terapia, existen una serie de complicaciones a las que los individuos con VIH están expuestos. El pulmón es el órgano más comúnmente afectado. Las infecciones oportunistas como la neumonía por Pneumocystis jirovecii , el compromiso pulmonar asociado a histoplasmosis, tuberculosis y micobacterias no tuberculosas, entre otras, aún son condiciones que amenazan a esta población. Objetivo: Esta revisión pretende abordar los cambios en el diagnóstico, pronóstico y epidemiología de los pacientes con VIH e infecciones pulmonares, luego de la introducción de la terapia antirretroviral combinada. Metodología: Se revisaron las bases de datos electrónicas MEDLINE (pubmed, EMBASE, SciELOy LILACS. Se incluyeron revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, estudios controlados, series de tiempo, « antes y después » , estudios observacionales desde el año 1995 hastadiciembre de 2014, así como datos epidemiológicos de la OMS. Conclusiones: Después de casi 20 años de su introducción, la terapia antirretroviral combinadaha modificado la historia natural de la infección por VIH, con disminución en la frecuencia depresentación y mortalidad relacionada con la mayoría de los patógenos que comprometen eltracto respiratorio

VALIDACIÓN DE MODELOS DE PREDICCIÓN DEL DESARROLLO FLORAL DEL AGUACATE 'HASS' DESARROLLADOS PARA NAYARIT, EN VARIOS CLIMAS DE MICHOACÁN

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S. Salazar-García

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Utilizando registros de temperatura ambiental y desarrollo floral obtenidos de 1998 al 2006 de una zona con clima semicálido subhúmedo del estado de Nayarit, se desarrollaron cinco modelos de predicción del desarrollo floral para brotes de los flujos vegetativos de invierno y verano de aguacate "Hass". El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar los modelos de predicción generados en Nayarit, para estimar capacidad para predecir el desarrollo floral de brotes de los flujos vegetativos de invierno, primavera y verano de "Hass" en los principales climas de la región aguacatera del estado de Michoacán. El modelo de predicción veranoDFA¿19 desarrollado en Nayarit, mostró una elevada capacidad de predicción del desarrollo floral en brotes del flujo de verano (R2 = 0.94, para un conjunto de datos de los cuatro climas del estado de Michoacán en donde se concentra el 85 % de la superficie aguacatera: cálido subhúmedo Aw1(w, semicálido subhúmedo (AC(w0(w, semicálido subhúmedo (AC(w1(w + (AC(w2(w y templado subhúmedo C(w2(w. Los demás modelos de predicción probados en Michoacán no pronosticaron el desarrollo floral en brotes de los flujos vegetativos de invierno, primavera o verano en ninguno de los climas estudiados.

Aportaciones de la etnografía doblemente reflexiva en la construcción de la terapia ocupacional desde una perspectiva intercultural

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Inmaculada Zango Martín; Pedro Moruno Millares

2013-01-01

En el ámbito de la terapia ocupacional, como consecuencia de los procesos de globalización, hay un interés creciente por aspectos relativos a la cultura y sus relaciones con la salud. El desarrollo de la terapia ocupacional en contextos multiculturales transciende el cuestionamiento terminológico para ahondar y perfilar nuevas directrices relacionadas con la construcción y consolidación del conocimiento. De este modo, este artículo plantea el análisis crítico de los principales fundamentos te...

Hipnosis y terapias cognitivas

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Feixas i Viaplana, Guillem

2008-01-01

La hipnosis y la terapia cognitiva parecen reflejar, en principio, dos concepciones muy distintas de la intervención psicológica. Sin embargo, ambas contemplan entre sus objetivos la reorganización de las estructuras cognitivas del cliente. Este objetivo común las hace compatibles y podría permitir a las terapias cognitivas nuevas formas de intervenir en tales estructuras. La hipnosis promueve que el cliente haga por sí mismo este proceso de reestructuración sin el control racional y conscien...

Terapia dialéctico conductual para el trastorno de personalidad límite

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Irene de la Vega

2013-06-01

Full Text Available La terapia dialéctico conductual (TDC es una terapia psicológica de tercera generación desarrollada por Marsha Linehan (1993a, 1993b para tratar específicamente los síntomas característicos del trastorno límite de la personalidad: inestabilidad afectiva, trastorno de identidad, impulsividad y dificultades en las relaciones sociales. La TDC parte de un modelo biosocial del trastorno límite y combina técnicas cognitivo conductuales con aproximaciones zen y budistas basadas en la aceptación de la realidad tal como se presenta. El tratamiento consiste en un entrenamiento en habilidades, psicoterapia individual y atención en crisis y es llevado a cabo por un equipo coordinado de profesionales que ejercen distintas funciones. La TDC cuenta con estudios de eficacia y se está aplicando con éxito a otras poblaciones de pacientes con elevada impulsividad.

A terapia comunitária como um novo instrumento de cuidado para saúde mental do idoso La terapia comunitaria como un nuevo instrumento de cuidado para la salud mental del anciano The communitarian therapy as a new instrument of care for elderly mental health

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Ianine Alves da Rocha

2009-10-01

Full Text Available A Terapia Comunitária vem surgindo como uma nova tecnologia de cuidado nos programas de inserção e apoio à saúde mental da população. Esta pesquisa exploratória tem como objetivo identificar o número de grupos de terapia comunitária com idosos no município de João Pessoa - PB, conhecer os principais temas apresentados pelos idosos e as estratégias utilizadas para o enfrentamento das dificuldades e revelar depoimentos relacionados à melhoria da qualidade de vida dos idosos. Os dados foram coletados nas fichas de registro das terapias, analisado numa abordagem quantitativa. Os resultados demonstraram que o problema mais freqüente nos idoso é o estresse, a estratégia de enfrentamento mais utilizada é a espiritualidade. A Terapia Comunitária vem contribuindo para saúde mental do idoso.La Terapia Comunitaria viene surgiendo como una nueva tecnología de cuidado en los programas de inserción y apoyo a la salud mental de la población como un todo. Esta investigación de carácter exploratorio tiene como objetivos: identificar el número de grupos de terapia comunitaria con ancianos en el municipio de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil, conocer los principales temas que presentan los ancianos, así como las estrategias utilizadas para el enfrentamiento de las dificultades revelando las expresiones verbales relativas a la mejoría de la calidad de vida de los ancianos. Los datos fueron levantados en fichas de registro de las terapias, y analizados desde una perspectiva de abordaje cuantitativa. Los resultados demostraron que el problema más frecuente en los ancianos es el estrés, y la estrategia de enfrentamiento más utilizada es la espiritualidad. La Terapia Comunitaria viene contribuyendo para la mejora de la salud mental del anciano.The Communitarian Therapy comes appearing as a new technology of care in the programs of insertion and support to the mental health of the population. This exploratory research aims to identify the

Terapia física en especies no tradicionales - Physical therapy in exotic animals

OpenAIRE

Mercado, Mónica; Pallares, Cristina; Novinski, Graciela; González, Sebastián; Ierino, Sandra

2010-01-01

ResumenLa fisiokinesioterapia es una terapia que emplea movimientos (movilización pasiva, elongación, masajes y ejercicios) y medios físicos como Campos Magnéticos Pulsátiles (CMP), Laserterapia (LASER), Electroanalgesia (TENS), Lámpara infrarroja (IR). Estas técnicas no invasivas son utilizadas para combatir el dolor, los procesos inflamatorios, producir relajación muscular y aportar analgesia reduciendo así las contracturas y atrofias musculares yestimulando la rehabilitación y el reaprendi...

Aplicación de nuevas tecnologías en personas mayores con trastorno cognitivo leve-moderado desde la Terapia Ocupacional

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María del Carmen Rodríguez Martínez

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Esta revisión bibliográfica pretende ofrecer una visión de las posibilidades que ofrecen las nuevas tecnologías a personas mayores con deterioro cognitivo leve-moderado para retardar o frenar los síntomas de deterioro cognitivo. Actualmente, las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación tienen mucho protagonismo y se han convertido en una herramienta con mucho potencial para este tipo de personas. Para ello, se han  analizado una serie de estudios sobre el uso de las nuevas tecnologías en personas mayores con trastornos cognitivos con el fin de ofrecer una visión más clara sobre los datos obtenidos hasta el día de hoy respecto a este campo de investigación en Terapia Ocupacional. Se seleccionaron un total de 204 artículos, tras un proceso de duplicación y tras pasar diferentes herramientas de calidad, quedaron un total de 7 artículos. Los resultados encontrados indican que las nuevas tecnologías contribuyen a disminuir algunos síntomas asociados a la enfermedad, como la ansiedad y la depresión, mejorando además ciertas funciones cognitivas en personas que tienen un deterioro cognitivo leve-moderado, siendo importante combinarlas con las terapias tradicionales.

Los ensueños en terapia gestáltica

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Francisco Vásquez

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Se describe el ensueño a través de los tiempos y el significado que tiene y tuvo según las épocas y las culturas. Se enfoca la teoría general de los ensueños desde Hipócrates hasta nuestros días, así como su interpretación, tanto del punto de vista psicológico como religioso y cultural. Se hace énfasis en la función terapéutica de los ensueños, tanto en la terapia freudiana como la jungiana y la gestáltica. Reflexiona sobre los aportes de Freud, Jung y Perls, ampliando los conceptos del ensueño de la terapia gestáltica, que considera el ensueño "como el camino real a la integración, siendo la producción humana más espontánea de la existencia. El ensueño es la expresión que nos llega sin intención, voluntad y deseo. El ensueño más absurdo no nos impacta en el mismo momento como algo absurdo, se siente como verdadero. El ensueño es mucho más que un deseo inconcluso, es un mensaje existencial muy claro acerca de lo que falta en nuestras vidas, lo que se evita hacer y vivir". Se ilustra el ensayo con un trabajo de ensueño con una paciente en la Clínica de Día, del Hospital Guillermo Almenara, empleando las técnicas gestálticas. El ensayo se circunscribe a una apreciación de la filosofía y praxis gestáltica sobre los ensueños.

Evolución de la terapia ocupacional en el campo de la oncología = Occupational therapy evolution in oncology field

OpenAIRE

Navarrete Salas, E

2006-01-01

Resumen:El objetivo de lasiguiente revisión bibliográfica fue conocer la trayectoria de la Terapia Ocupacional (T.O.) en el área oncológica durante las últimas 4 décadas. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINALH y AMED, con los descriptores Terapia Ocupacional, oncología y cáncer, tanto en el título como en el abstract; se excluyeron los artículos que no estuviesen en idioma inglés o español.Los resultados arrojaron un total de 68 publicaciones de T.O. y...

La Unidad de Terapia de Conducta de la Universidad de Barcelona

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Saldaña García, Carmina; Bados López, Arturo; García-Grau, Eugeni; Balaguer, Gemma; Fusté-Escolano, Adela

2009-01-01

El trabajo presenta la Unidad de Terapia de Conducta (UTC) de la Universidad de Barcelona. La UTC nació en 1985 con la voluntad de formar a los psicólogos recién licenciados en la práctica profesional desde el modelo cognitivoconductual y crear un Servicio Clínico en la Facultad de Psicología que permitiera una mejora de la calidad de las actividades docentes e investigadoras a través de la asistencia psicológica a personas de dentro y fuera de la UB que así lo solicitaran. En el trabajo se d...

Terapia manual en el síndrome del túnel carpiano

OpenAIRE

Zurrido Saiz, Rafael Gaia; Polanco Torrico, Juan

2017-01-01

El síndrome del túnel carpiano (STC) es la neuropatía periférica más común y supone el 90% de todas las neuropatías por atrapamiento. Actualmente El objetivo de la presente revisión es determinar la eficacia de la terapia manual (TM) en el tratamiento del STC. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Knowledge y Scielo de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA) publicados hasta diciembre de 2016. Las palabras cl...

Efecto de la hidroterapia en niños y adolescentes con discapacidad: una revisión sistemática

OpenAIRE

Agirre Cano, Nerea

2014-01-01

RESUMEN: Introducción: La terapia acuática es una forma de terapia física que puede ser empleado para tratar a niños con discapacidad, ya que gracias a sus características únicas ofrece muchas posibilidades que son difíciles de alcanzar en tierra. Objetivo: examinar el efecto de la hidroterapia en niños y adolescentes con discapacidad. Material y métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica desde el año 2005 hasta la actualidad. Se utilizaron las siguientes b...

Diversity, distribution and floral specificity of tangle-veined flies (Diptera: Nemestrinidae in north west Patagonia, Argentina Diversidad, distribución y especificidad floral de nemestrínidos (Diptera en el noroeste de la Patagonia, Argentina

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MARIANO DEVOTO

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae constitute a primitive and rather widespread family among Diptera. The genus Trichophthalma occurs in Australia and South America and is the only one in the family with a typically Gondwanian, disjoint distribution. The ecology and distribution of most southern South American species of this genus remains virtually unknown. We studied the diversity, distribution and flower specificity of flower-visiting species of the genus Trichophthalma in the temperate forests of southern South America in ten sites along an east-west rainfall gradient (37-40°S on the eastern slope of the Andes. We recorded nine species of Trichophthalma, which showed an overlapped distribution along the gradient and different degrees of floral specificity. Three species are reported for Argentina for the first time and three are first recorded as flower visitors to the local flora. Our results show that while in southern Africa tangle-veined flies are engaged in highly specialized pollination interactions with long-tubed species, the Trichophthalma spp. of Patagonia share their flowers with a diverse and rather unspecialized visitor fauna among which several species of flies, bees and birds are presentLos nemestrínidos constituyen una familia de Dípteros primitiva y de amplia distribución. El género Trichophthalma se encuentra en Australia y Sudamérica y es el único en la familia con una distribución disjunta típicamente gondwánica. La ecología y distribución de la mayoría de las especies sudamericanas permanecen virtualmente desconocidas. Estudiamos la diversidad, distribución y especificidad floral de las especies del género Trichophthalma de los bosques templados del sur de Sudamérica en diez sitios ubicados a lo largo de un gradiente de precipitación este-oeste (37-40°S sobre la vertiente occidental de los Andes. Registramos nueve especies de Trichophthalma, las cuales mostraron una distribución superpuesta a lo largo

Terapia de linguagem na afasia

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Mauro Spinelli

1977-12-01

Full Text Available A terapia da linguagem na afasia foi estudada em 15 pacientes, 8 do sexo masculino e 7 do sexo feminino; a idade variou de menos de 10 anos a mais de 50 anos; em 11 casos a afasia era sequela de acidente vascular cerebral e, em 4, de traumatismo crânio-encefálico. Quanto ao tipo de afasia, 5 pacientes apresentavam déficits predominantemente de expressão e 10 apresentavam déficits receptivos e expressivos em graus equiparáveis. Em 6 casos a terapia foi iniciada dentro dos 3 primeiros meses de instalação do quadro; nos restantes foi iniciada mais tardiamente. Dos 15 pacientes, 11 apresentaram evolução satisfatória, a qual não depndeu do grau de afasia, do tipo de afasia, da idade do paciente, do tipo de patologia e do intervalo entre a instalação do quadro afásico e o início da terapia. A terapia da linguagem no paciente afásico é efetiva, o prognóstico não pode ser feito a priori. Somente a evolução do caso com sua retestagem criteriosa poderá dar dados realmente úteis para se falar em evolução.

Terapias y Actividades asistidas por animales: una buena herramienta en la Educación Infantil.

OpenAIRE

García Meneses, Berta

2015-01-01

Este es un trabajo fin de grado el cual presenta la posibilidad de realizar terapias y actividades de asistencia con animales, tanto para niños normales, como para niños con alguna dificultad, ayudándonos siempre de las asociaciones de la comunidad. This is a Final Grade Work, that I describing the possibility of the therapy and activities, for different children of the school, that present someone problems or not. This Final Grade Work, it´s help for many association of this community. ...

Uso de la terapia familiar en la psiquiatría infantil

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Rafael Vasquez

1986-07-01

Full Text Available EI artículo muestra la experiencia del autor, en el empleo de la técnica de la terapia familiar sistémica, como auxiliar terapéutico en el manejo de las consultas más frecuentes, atendidas en los servicios psiquiátricos oficiales. Tales quejas, en orden de frecuencia son: bajo rendimiento escolar, inquietud, enuresis, encopresis y trastornos psicofisiológicos. EI trabajo contiene la experiencia con las cuatro primeras, por cuanto el manejo de los trastornos psicofisiológicos, demanda una técnica particular que no es objeto de esta comunicación. No se reporta una cuantificación de resultados, pero se describen como buenos. EI enfoque del manejo global del caso está dentro de los postulados generales de la teoría general de los sistemas y los desarrollos posteriores del método biopsicosocial.

Terapia VAC® en traumatismo grave de pierna izquierda VAC® therapy in severe left leg injury

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F.J. De Juan Pérez

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Las fracturas abiertas de los miembros inferiores debidas a traumatismos de alta energía, suponen un reto terapéutico debido a la gravedad de las heridas, la afectación importante de varios tipos de tejidos y a la complejidad de los procedimientos quirúrgicos necesarios para su tratamiento que pueden llegar hasta complicadas técnicas microquirúrgicas mediante colgajos libres, quedarse en un colgajo muscular o compuesto, pediculado, o bien mantener una actitud más conservadora. Esto último es posible desde la aparición en los años 90 de una nueva técnica, la Terapia Vacuum Assisted Closure (Terapia VAC®, que se basa en la aplicación de vacío o presión negativa sobre la herida. Este recurso terapéutico permite una pauta más conservadora de tratamiento de estas fracturas tan complejas, reduciendo los riesgos, la morbilidad y minimizando las complicaciones. Presentamos un caso de fractura del miembro inferior izquierdo, abierta, compleja, con policontusión y aplastamiento, que creemos muy demostrativo del excelente resultado clínico que se puede obtener mediante el empleo de la terapia con presión negativa con el Sistema VAC®.The open fractures of the lower limb caused by high energy trauma, poses a major surgical challenge. These wounds have a significative complexity, with multiple lesions involving bone, muscle, nerves, vessels, skin and subcutaneous tissues. There are a wide spectrum of reconstructive options for the treatment, most of them requiring complex microsurgical transfers of autologous tissue. The Vacuum Assisted Therapy (VAC® has become a most useful tool for the plastic surgeon since the last century´s 90 decade. Based in the application of negative pressure to the wound bed, promotes healing by granulation tissue formation, keeping the wound clean and avoiding bacterial colonization. Used as a primary method or in combination with others, VAC® therapy allows more conservative options in the treatment of these

Terapia VAC® en traumatismo grave de pierna izquierda VAC® therapy in severe left leg injury

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F.J. De Juan Pérez

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Las fracturas abiertas de los miembros inferiores debidas a traumatismos de alta energía, suponen un reto terapéutico debido a la gravedad de las heridas, la afectación importante de varios tipos de tejidos y a la complejidad de los procedimientos quirúrgicos necesarios para su tratamiento que pueden llegar hasta complicadas técnicas microquirúrgicas mediante colgajos libres, quedarse en un colgajo muscular o compuesto, pediculado, o bien mantener una actitud más conservadora. Esto último es posible desde la aparición en los años 90 de una nueva técnica, la Terapia Vacuum Assisted Closure (Terapia VAC®, que se basa en la aplicación de vacío o presión negativa sobre la herida. Este recurso terapéutico permite una pauta más conservadora de tratamiento de estas fracturas tan complejas, reduciendo los riesgos, la morbilidad y minimizando las complicaciones. Presentamos un caso de fractura del miembro inferior izquierdo, abierta, compleja, con policontusión y aplastamiento, que creemos muy demostrativo del excelente resultado clínico que se puede obtener mediante el empleo de la terapia con presión negativa con el Sistema VAC®.The open fractures of the lower limb caused by high energy trauma, poses a major surgical challenge. These wounds have a significative complexity, with multiple lesions involving bone, muscle, nerves, vessels, skin and subcutaneous tissues. There are a wide spectrum of reconstructive options for the treatment, most of them requiring complex microsurgical transfers of autologous tissue. The Vacuum Assisted Therapy (VAC® has become a most useful tool for the plastic surgeon since the last century´s 90 decade. Based in the application of negative pressure to the wound bed, promotes healing by granulation tissue formation, keeping the wound clean and avoiding bacterial colonization. Used as a primary method or in combination with others, VAC® therapy allows more conservative options in the treatment of these

“Soy como un aspirador” Medicina popular, Espiritualidad y New Age en las terapias de un curandero catalán

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Isabella Riccò

2016-06-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta un estudio de caso de un “curandero” catalán, una figura eclética e interesante. Josep práctica distintos tipos de sanaciones: soluciona los males espirituales a través del trance, tira las cartas, cura la culebrilla (herpes zoster con un cataplasma, distiende los nervios mediante una vela y saca la mala energía de los dedos. Sus terapias son muy heterogéneas y se han ido desarrollando durante los últimos 40 años. El objetivo del texto es acercarse al panorama de la medicina popular catalana, evidenciando las relaciones que ésta tiene con otras tradiciones, como el espiritismo y el New Age. Los primeros resultados nos han permitido vislumbrar el dinamismo del “curanderismo”, su capacidad de adaptación a nuevas tendencias, hábitos y demandas de los pacientes, así como procesos de resignificación y manipulación por parte de quien ejerce estas terapias.

Conocimientos y actitudes sobre terapias alternativas y complementarias en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud

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Ballesteros-Peña, Sendoa; Fernández-Aedo, Irrintzi

2015-01-01

Introducción Las terapias alternativas y complementarias (TAC) han generado en el contexto sanitario actual tanto seguidores como detractores. Objetivo Explorar los conocimientos, percepciones y actitudes sobre las TAC en estudiantes universitarios de ciencias de la salud. Método Estudio descriptivo desarrollado en la Universidad del País Vasco (España) en el curso académico 2013-2014. Una muestra representativa de estudiantes cumplimentó un cuestionario anónimo con preguntas sobre conocimi...

Regulation of Floral Stem Cell Termination in Arabidopsis

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Toshiro eIto

2015-02-01

Full Text Available In Arabidopsis, floral stem cells are maintained only at the initial stages of flower development, and they are terminated at a specific time to ensure proper development of the reproductive organs. Floral stem cell termination is a dynamic and multi-step process involving many transcription factors, chromatin remodeling factors and signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms involved in floral stem cell maintenance and termination, highlighting the interplay between transcriptional regulation and epigenetic machinery in the control of specific floral developmental genes. In addition, we discuss additional factors involved in floral stem cell regulation, with the goal of untangling the complexity of the floral stem cell regulatory network.

Terapia con células madre en cirrosis = Stem cell therapy in cirrhosis

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Londoño Agudelo, Jessica María

2011-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta una revisión de la literatura sobre las células madre como terapia para la cirrosis hepática, con énfasis en describir la situación científica actual y las implicaciones clínicas de los avances. Se ha propuesto la terapia celular en cirrosis por la escasez de donantes de hígado y las complicaciones derivadas de la terapia inmunosupresora. Las células madre se pueden obtener de diferentes fuentes como el blastocisto, la médula ósea e incluso hepatocitos maduros; pero la capacidad de proliferación y diferenciación de cada uno de estos tipos celulares es distinta y, entre otras consideraciones, es lo que va a definir su utilidad clínica final. En la literatura se encuentran varios estudios en modelos animales y en seres humanos que evalúan la seguridad y factibilidad de esta técnica en cuanto a la mejoría de la fibrosis, la capacidad de diferenciación y replicación celulares y algunos parámetros clínicos. Los resultados, aunque alentadores, se deben interpretar con cuidado. En conclusión, antes de aceptar esta modalidad terapéutica se requieren estudios de mejor calidad y con homogeneidad metodológica porque su uso aún es controversial.

Reflexões acerca da assistência de enfermagem e o discuso de humanização em terapia intensiva Reflexiones referentes a la ayuda de enfermería y el discurso de la humanización en terapia intensiva Reflections concerning the assistance of nursing and the speech of humanization in intensive therapy

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Roberto Carlos Lyra da Silva

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Este estudo é uma reflexão que objetiva buscar como produção científica de enfermagem o cuidado que envolve o uso de tecnologias/máquinas em unidades de terapia intensiva, a par tir do entendimento acerca do cuidado, tecnologia e humanização, e as implicações para a prática de cuidar em unidades tecnológicas de clientes críticos. Traz reflexões acerca da temática "humanização em terapia intensiva", a par tir do aprofundamento das leituras e discussão dos dados, na construção de uma tese em curso na Escola Anna Nery, cujo objeto de investigação é "o significado do cuidado em unidades de terapia intensiva". Verificou-se que qualquer que seja a reflexão acerca das práticas de cuidar em terapia intensiva que desconsidere seus conceitos, o contexto e suas bases possibilitadoras poderá incorrer em equívocos comprometedores, capazes de se constituírem obstáculos epistemológicos.El estudio es una reflexión la cual objetiva buscar como producción científica de enfermeria el cuidado que implica el uso de tecnologias y de maquinas en unidades de la terapia intensiva, del referente cuidado, la tecnología y a la humanización, y sus implicaciones para el práctico de cuidar en unidades tecnológicas de clientes críticos. Está es una reflexión referente a "humanización en terapia intensiva", a par tir de las lecturas y discusión de los datos, en la construcción de una tesis de doutorado en curso en la Escuela de Enfermeria Ana Nery, cujo objeto de la investigación es el significado del cuidado en unidades del terapia intensiva. Fue verificado cuales sean las reflexiones referente a las prácticas de cuidar en la terapia intensiva que no considera sus conceptos, el contexto y sus bases, posiblemente, podrá incurrir en errores para comprometerse, capaz de constituir obstáculos epistemologicos.This study is a reflection that objective to search as scientific production of nursing the care that involves the use of

Terapia conductual dialéctica

OpenAIRE

Gempeler, Juanita

2008-01-01

Introducción: Un importante aporte de la terapia cognoscitivo-comportamental al área clínica es la terapia conductual dialéctica (TCD), desarrollada a finales de los años noventa por la psiquiatra Marsha Linehan, como respuesta a las dificultades en el tratamiento del trastorno de personalidad limítrofe (TPL). Se destaca su carácter integrador, pues se basa en principios conductuales y cognoscitivos e incorpora elementos del zen. Es un tratamiento desarrollado y evaluado con mujeres que no só...

Influencia del fotoperiodo en el desarrollo floral de plantas de Solidago chilensis, Aster ericoides ev. 'Monteeasino' y Solidago x luteus Influenee of photoperiod on floral development in plants of Solidago chilensis, Aster ericoides ev. 'Monteeasino' and Solidago x tuteus

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Flórez Roncancio Victor J.

1998-06-01

Full Text Available Solidago x luteus es un híbrido interespecífico entre Solidago ptarmicoides y Solidago canadensis. Este híbrido, Solidago chilensis y Aster ericoides cv. 'Montecasino' son las especies objeto del presente estudio. Son plantas típicas de días largos, las cuales crecen como rosetas en días cortos y son explotadas para flor de corte. Se observaron características vegetativas y reproductivas de estas especies en condiciones fotoperiódicas de 8h y 20h y, en Solidago x luteus, por su mejor performance en cuanto a la inducción floral, se realizaron estudios de comportamiento fotoperiódico del desarrollo desde el botón floral hasta antesis. En forma general, en las tres especies estudiadas, los fotoperíodos largos promueven inducción floral y aumento en el número de ramificaciones laterales y de hojas. En días cortos, las
plantas de Solidago chilensis permanecieron en roseta, en las de Solidago x luteus hubo inducción y antesis floral, en tanto que, en Aster ericoides, había plantas en roseta y plantas inducidas. La evidencia de que los días cortos aceleraban la antesis floral en plantas de Solidago x luteus, inducidas en
días largos, se fortaleció con el experimento de diferente duración en días cortos (5; 10 y 15 días; lo cual se confirmó en experimentos subsecuentes, en donde se comprobó que la planta responde a los fotoperíodos cortos (8h; 10h y 12h, acelerando la antesis y a los fotoperíodos largos (16h y 20h, retardándola y los fotoperiódos entre 12h y 16h (14h  estarían en una situación de transición entre días cortos y días largos, caracterizando, así, una respuesta cuantitativa con el aumento del fotoperíodo.
Solidago x luteus is a hybrid between Solidago ptarmicoides and Solidago canadensis. This hybrid, Solidago chilensis and Aster ericoides cv. 'Montecasino' are the subject of the present work. They are typically long-day plants which grow as rosettes in short days and are exploited as cut

Análisis coste-efectividad de la adhesión inicial a la terapia antirretroviral entre individuos infectados por el VIH en Belo Horizonte, Brasil

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Francisco de Assis Acurcio

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: En Brasil, los antirretrovirales (ARV se distribu- yen a los portadores de VIH de forma gratuita por el Sistema Único de Salud. La adhesión al tratamiento es una de las principales variables en la cual los servicios de salud pueden intervenir para aumentar la efec- tividad de la medicación. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la relación coste-efectividad de la adhesión inicial a la terapia ARV e identificar factores que influencien los costes y la evolución global del paciente. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo con individuos infectados por el VIH reclutados, después de la primera prescripción de ARV, en dos servicios públicos de referencia para el tratamiento del VIH/Sida en Brasil. La no-adhesión fue definida como la utilización 200 cels/mm3 y ser adherente al tratamiento AR Conclusiones: Los resultados observados sostienen la terapia AR V como una intervención coste-efectiva. Sin embar go, la baja adhesión aumenta los riesgos de fallo terapéutico y de progresión de la enfermedad, que resultan en un impacto negativo sobre la relación coste-efectividad de la terapia AR V.

Atendiendo a las Variadas Problemáticas de los Cuidadores Familiares de Personas con Demencia: Aportaciones de la Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual y de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso

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Andrés Losada

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Cuidar a un familiar mayor con demencia se asocia con consecuencias emocionales negativas para los cuidadores. En este trabajo se describe una terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC y otra de aceptación y compromiso (ACT que han sido diseñadas para reducir el malestar emocional de los cuidadores. El objetivo de la TTC es modificar creencias y pensamientos disfuncionales relacionados con el cuidado y entrenar a los cuidadores en el aumento de la frecuencia de actividades gratificantes. Incluye además entrenamiento en relajación y en habilidades para pedir ayuda. A través de la terapia ACT se trabaja la identificación del patrón personal de evitación experiencial y la alternativa de la aceptación de emociones, pensamientos y sensaciones, se ayuda al cuidador a identificar sus valores y las barreras para la acción coherente con ellos y se trabaja para incrementar la motivació del cuidador para comprometerse con sus valores y llevar a cabo acciones coherentes con dichos valores.

Fotosíntesis, crecimiento y aceites esenciales en morfotipos florales de caléndula (Calendula officinalis L.).

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Salomé Abarca, Luis Francisco

2014-01-01

La caléndula (Calendula officinalis) es una especie herbácea originaria de Egipto, que se cree fue introducida a Europa en el siglo XII. En México es cultivada como una planta medicinal y de ornato, en lugares con clima semiseco y templado. En la zona de los valles centrales de México, Palma observó amplia diversidad fenotípica en una variedad común de caléndula, y eligió seis variantes en la morfología floral de esa población heterogénea, a las cuales denominó de la S1 a la S6. El objetivo ...

Floral biology of candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus, Asteraceae Biologia floral da candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus, Asteraceae

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Fábio de Almeida Vieira

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Floral biology and pollinators of candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus were analyzed in a natural population. We studied anthesis, flower morphology, stigmatic receptivity, pollen viability and floral visitors. The small flowers (10.17 mm in length are pink, hermaphrodites and organized in dense capitula (mean = 29 flowers. We observed a large percentage of viable pollen (77.25% and relatively scarce nectar availability for floral visitors (0.63 μL. The bees Apis mellifera and Trigona sp. were the most frequent visitors. The length of the bud, style and flowers varied significantly among plants. O objetivo deste trabalho foi examinar e documentar a biologia floral e os polinizadores da candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus em uma população natural, sendo estudados a antese, a morfologia floral, a receptividade estigmática, a viabilidade de pólen e os visitantes florais. As flores pequenas (10,17 mm de comprimento são cor de rosa, hermafroditas e organizadas em densos capítulos (média = 29 flores. Foi observada alta porcentagem de pólen viável (77,25% e relativamente pouca disponibilidade de néctar para os visitantes florais (0,63 μL. As abelhas Apis mellifera e Trigona sp. foram os visitantes mais frequentes. Os comprimentos dos botões, estiletes e flores variaram significativamente entre plantas.

DANO OCUPACIONAL NA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATAL: A PERCEPÇÃO DA ENFERMEIRA

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MARIA ALVANI DIAS PEDROZA; ANTONIA DO CARMO SOARES CAMPOS; MÁRCIA MARIA COELHO OLIVEIRA

2006-01-01

Se trata de estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo, con el objetivo de conocer la percepción de las enfermeras con respecto a la influencia del desempeño en la asistencia de enfermería y en el ambiente laboral. Tuvo por escenario la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) de una maternidad escuela, en Fortaleza-CE. Recogimos los datos entre agosto y septiembre de 2004 a través de un cuestionario estructurado en parte, aplicado a 24 enfermeras activas. Verificamos que la mayor co...

Terapia comportamental cognitiva: uma comparação entre perspectivas

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Rachel Rodrigues Kerbauy

Full Text Available A Terapia Comportamental Cognitiva desenvolveu-se a partir de dados e maneiras de trabalhar da Terapia Cognitiva e da Terapia Comportamental. Essas origens e as várias influências parecem determinar maneiras diferentes de conduzir a terapia o que se procurou analisar neste trabalho. Optou-se pela apresentação do trabalho de três autores: Ellis, Beck e Meichembaum como representativos da área embora se reconheça que há diferenças entre algumas concepções e também unanimidade na explicação de comportamentos, especialmente emocionais.

Biología floral de Passiflora foetida (Passifloraceae

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María T. Amela García

1998-06-01

Full Text Available Un experimento reproductivo muestra que Passiflora foetida es autocompatible. Observaciones de las características florales y de los visitantes durante la antesis, más el análisis del polen transportado, permitieron identificar el síndrome floral (melitofilia y las funciones de cada visitante. La antesis ocurre desde las 6 hasta las 11 hs. Se identificaron 3 fases florales: 1 estigmas por encima de las anteras, 2 estigmas a la altura de las anteras, 3 estigmas por encima de las anteras; los radii, los pétalos y los sépalos se incurvan. Los estigmas están receptivos durante toda la antesis. La concentración de azúcares del néctar es 34 %. El color predominante en el espectro visible es el blanco. En el espectro UV, los estambres y el gineceo contrastan con el limen y el androginóforo; pueden ser una guía de néctar. Tres especies de himenópteros fueron los visitantes más frecuentes y constantes: Ptiloglossa tarsata (Colletidae siempre contactan las anteras y los estigmas cuando liban, transportan un alto porcentaje de polen de P. foetida y visitan flores en fase 1 y 2; pueden ser considerados los principales polinizadores. Pseudaugochloropsis sp. (Halictidae raramente contactan las anteras o los estigmas cuando perforan el limen para acceder al néctar y visitan flores en fase 2 y 3; son ladrones de néctar que raramente polinizan. Augochlorella sp. (Halictidae recolectan polen sin tocar los estigmas y visitan flores en fase 2 y 3; son hurtadores de polen.A reproductive experiment shows that Passiflora foetida is autocompatible. Observations of floral characteristics and visitors during anthesis, plus the analysis of pollen allowed identification of floral syndrome (melittophily and functions for each visitor. Anthesis occurs from 6 to 11 AM. Three floral phases were identified: 1 stigmas above anthers, 2 stigmas at anther level, 3 stigmas above anthers; radii, petals and sepals become incurved. The stigmas are receptive during the

Prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una población peruana de pacientes con infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en terapia antiretroviral de gran actividad

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Germán Valenzuela Rodriguez

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una cohorte de pacientes con infección por el VIH que recibían terapia antiretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA. Material y métodos: Llevamos a cabo un estudio prospectivo observacional entre los meses de enero a abril del 2006 en pacientes que acudían a consulta ambulatoria del Hospital Rebagliati-ESSALUD-Perú. Resultados: En 276 pacientes encontramos una prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular como sigue: hipertensión en 3,26%, diabetes mellitus en 1,81%, dislipidemia en 34,05%, tabaquismo en 3,96%, y obesidad en 4,71%. Solo se encontró niveles mayores de colesterol total y triglicéridos en el grupo que recibía inhibidores de proteasa (p<0,05. El 4,16% de esta población tuvo una puntuación de riesgo cardiovascular elevada de acuerdo a la puntuación de Framinghan. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en nuestra cohorte fue baja con excepción de la prevalencia de dislipidemia, encontrándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la subpoblación de pacientes que recibían inhibidores de proteasa los cuales tuvieron niveles mayores de colesterol total y triglicéridos.(Rev Med Hered 2007;18:10-14.

The floral transcriptome of Eucalyptus grandis

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Vining, KJ

2015-10-01

Full Text Available As a step toward functional annotation of genes required for floral initiation and development within the Eucalyptus genome, we used short read sequencing to analyze transcriptomes of floral buds from early and late developmental stages...

Current status of Complementary Therapies in Spain in nursing degree Situación actual de las Terapias Complementarias en España en el Grado de Enfermería Estado atual do ensino de Terapias Complementares na formação superior de Enfermagem na Espanha

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Ana Belén Fernández-Cervilla

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Describe the current situation of complementary therapies in nursing education in schools and nursing schools in Spain. METHOD: Descriptive study. Study population all faculties andschools ascribed to Spain. Data collection through observation sheet. Analysis units Curricula. Variables (credits, course type, location, type of therapy. Descriptive analysis of relative and absolute data using Excel spreadsheet. RESULTS: Most of the faculties and schoolsofnursingscrutinized the subject of Complementary Therapies has disappeared and those that aparace is an optional subject. CONCLUSION: Complementary Therapies training in Spain is deficient because it is not collected as a core subject and / or obligatory. The absence of Complementary Therapies in the curriculum, questions such as their value in training, conceptualization which teachers, the impact on quality of care, training of teachers responsible for teaching the subject, as well as the number of credits and the course being in the degree of Grado. OBJETIVO: Describir la situación actual de las Terapias Complementarias en la formación enfermera en las escuelas y facultades de enfermería en España. MÉTODO: estudio observacional descriptivo transversal. Población de estudio todas las facultades, escuelas públicas y adscritas de España. Recolección de datos mediante una ficha de observación. Unidades de análisis los Planes de Estudio. Variables (créditos, tipo de asignatura, ubicación, tipo de terapia. Análisis descriptivo de los datos relativos y absolutos mediante hoja de Excel. RESULTADOS: en la mayoría de las facultades y escuelas escrutadas la asignatura de Terapias Complementarias ha desaparecido y en aquellas que aparece es una asignatura optativa. CONCLUSÍON: la formación en Terapias Complementarias en España es deficiente, debido a que no se recoge como asignatura troncal y/o obligatoria. La ausencia de las Terapias Complementarias en el currículum, plantea

Terapia familiar en los trastornos de personalidad

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Laura Rodríguez Moya

2013-06-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad mental afecta no solo al paciente sino también a su familia, dificulta la comunicación intrafamiliar, puede generar patologías adicionales en los familiares y todo ello empeorar la evolución del trastorno. Las terapias familiares de tipo psicoeducativo mejoran el pronóstico de la enfermedad y además previenen la aparición de otros trastornos en los familiares. Los elementos más importantes de estas intervenciones son la psicoeducación sobre el trastorno, el re-establecimiento de una relación sana entre paciente-familia, el establecimiento de límites, la mejora de la comunicación familiar y el establecimiento de relaciones con la red social extensa, para evitar el aislamiento tanto de la familia como del paciente. Las intervenciones mixtas, individuales y familiares, han demostrado ser muy útiles en el caso de los trastornos de personalidad, en concreto en el Trastorno Límite de Personalidad (TLP.

Possible role of jasmonic acid in the regulation of floral induction, evocation and floral differentiation in Lemna minor L.

Science.gov (United States)

Krajncic, B; Kristl, J; Janzekovic, I

2006-01-01

Jasmonic acid (JA) is implicated in a wide variety of developmental and physiological processes in plants. Here, we studied the effects of JA and the combination of JA and ethylenediamine-dio-hydroxyphenyl-acetic acid (EDDHA) on flowering in Lemna minor in axenical cultures. JA (0.475-47.5 nmol l(-1)) enhanced floral induction in L. minor under long-day (LD) conditions. Under the same conditions, at a concentration of 237.5 nmol l(-1), JA inhibited floral induction, and at a concentration of 475 nmol l(-1) it prevented floral induction. Under LD conditions with LD preculture, a combination of EDDHA (20,500 nmol l(-1)) and JA (47.5 nmol l(-1)) had a synergistic effect on the promotion of floral induction. Floral induction was enhanced to the greatest extent in experiments with LD precultures. Microscopic examination of microphotographs of histological sections showed that JA and, to an even greater extent, JA+EDDHA at optimal concentrations promote apical floral induction (evocation). Furthermore, JA, and to an even greater extent JA in combination with EDDHA in an optimal concentration, also promote flower differentiation, especially the development of stamens, as is evident from the microphotographs. The experimental results show that JA promotes floral induction in other species of Lemnaceae from various groups according to their photoperiodic response. The results support our hypothesis that, in addition to previously ascribed functions, JA may regulate floral induction, evocation and floral differentiation. Our hypothesis is supported also by the results obtained by quantitative determination of endogenous JA levels in L. minor at three growth stages. The levels of endogenous JA decreased from 389 ng JA g(-1) (fresh weight) of L. minor during the vegetative stage to 217 ng JA g(-1) during the evocation stage, and to 37.5 ng JA g(-1) during the flowering stage, which proves that JA is used for flowering.

Terapia gênica Gene therapy

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Nance Beyer Nardi

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Terapia gênica é um procedimento médico que envolve a modificação genética de células como forma de tratar doenças. Os genes influenciam praticamente todas as doenças humanas, seja pela codificação de proteínas anormais diretamente responsáveis pela doença, seja por determinar suscetibilidade a agentes ambientais que a induzem. A terapia gênica é ainda experimental, e está sendo estudada em protocolos clínicos para diferentes tipos de doenças. O desenvolvimento de métodos seguros e eficientes de transferência gênica para células humanas é um dos pontos mais importantes na terapia gênica. Apesar do grande esforço dirigido na última década para o aperfeiçoamento dos protocolos de terapia gênica humana, e dos avanços importantes na pesquisa básica, as aplicações terapêuticas da tecnologia de transferência gênica continuam ainda em grande parte teóricas. O potencial da terapia gênica é muito grande, devendo ainda causar grande impacto em todos os aspectos da medicina.Gene therapy is a medical intervention that involves modifying the genetic material of living cells to fight disease. Genes influence virtually every human disease, either by encoding for abnormal proteins, which are directly responsible for the disease, or by causing a susceptibility to environmental agents which induce it. Gene therapy is still experimental, and is being studied in clinical trials for many different types of diseases. The development of safe and effective methods of implanting normal genes into the human cell is one of the most important technical issues in gene therapy. Although much effort has been directed in the last decade toward improvement of protocols in human gene therapy, and in spite of many considerable achievements in basic research, the therapeutic applications of gene transfer technology still remain mostly theoretical. The potential for gene therapy is huge and likely to impact on all aspects of medicine.

Floral colour versus phylogeny in structuring subalpine flowering communities.

Science.gov (United States)

McEwen, Jamie R; Vamosi, Jana C

2010-10-07

The relative number of seeds produced by competing species can influence the community structure; yet, traits that influence seed production, such as pollinator attraction and floral colour, have received little attention in community ecology. Here, we analyse floral colour using reflectance spectra that include near-UV and examined the phylogenetic signal of floral colour. We found that coflowering species within communities tended to be more divergent in floral colour than expected by chance. However, coflowering species were not phylogenetically dispersed, in part due to our finding that floral colour is a labile trait with a weak phylogenetic signal. Furthermore, while we found that locally rare and common species exhibited equivalent floral colour distances from their coflowering neighbours, frequent species (those found in more communities) exhibited higher colour distances from their coflowering neighbours. Our findings support recent studies, which have found that (i) plant lineages exhibit frequent floral colour transitions; and (ii) traits that influence local population dynamics contribute to community structure.

233. Explante emergente de una corevalve por leak grave objetivo

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F. Gomera

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: La implantación de TAVI está demostrando ser una buena opción para el tratamiento de la estenosis aórtica grave no susceptible de sustitución quirúrgica. Sin embargo, está terapia aún está lejos de estar libre de complicaciones que requieran cirugía urgente de rescate.

Terapia a la pregunta filosófica: ¿qué es el arte?

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Adryan Fabrizio Pineda Repizzo

2011-12-01

Full Text Available En la tradición del pensamiento occidental, la pregunta “¿Qué es el arte?” ha jugado un papel central, aunque enigmático, para el campo de la filosofía, donde se han avanzado tantas objeciones y respuestas tentativas, que hoy pareciera que han sido tantos esfuerzos sin rumbo ni asidero en el mundo real del arte. Este texto afronta la plausibilidad de asumir la pregunta “¿Qué es el arte?” como problema filosófico. Para responder a este cuestionamiento acudimos a Wittgenstein, con el fin de realizarle una terapia filosófica a la pregunta misma y así mostrar que los principales paradigmas filosóficos sobre este asunto no son sino la manifestación de una confusión del lenguaje en torno al término ‘arte’.  

Propagación in vitro de Heliconia bihai (L. cv. Lobster Salmón a partir de meristemos florales

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Marta Leonor Marulanda-ángel

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Se desarrolló un protocolo de propagación in vitro a partir de meristemos florales para Heliconia bihai cv. Lobster Salmón. Para el efecto se establecieron 250 yemas florales en diferentes tiempos utilizando NaClO al 1% durante 20 min. El medio de establecimiento Murashige y Skoog con mejores resultados fue BAP (2 mg/lt, AIA (1 mg/lt y 0.1 g/lt de L-cisteína. La mayor produccion de brotes en multiplicación se obtuvo con 6 mg/lt de BAP y con un subcultivo posterior en medio con 2 mg/lt de BAP y 0.5 mg/lt de AIA, alcanzando una tasa de multiplicación de tres nuevas yemas. El enraizamiento de las plántulas in vitro se logró con 1.3 mg/lt de AIA. La aclimatación en vivero fue 92% de supervivencia. Se realizó un análisis de varianza (Anova y un test de Tukey para las variables evaluadas las cuales mostraron diferencias estadísticas en cada fase. La propagación in vitro de heliconias a partir de yemas florales requiere mayor tiempo en la fase de establecimiento y multiplicación, no obstante permite mayores porcentajes de supervivencia y una menor contaminación, ofreciendo material de siembra de diferentes especies de esta planta de interés comercial.

Modificación de la personalidad mediante una terapia cognitivo-conductual de afrontamiento al estrés

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Julia Linares-Ortiz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio ha sido comprobar la posibilidad de modulación de variables de personalidad (tales como algunos de los Cinco Grandes Factores, o la personalidad resistente a través de la aplicación de un programa de afrontamiento del estrés. Para ello, han participado 26 personas del ámbito universitario con alto estrés percibido, distribuidas en dos grupos (grupo de tratamiento y grupo de control. Los instrumentos de evaluación seleccionados se clasificaron en dos grupos: variables psicológicas y emocionales y variables de personalidad. Los resultados encontrados mediantes un ANOVA de medidas repetidas mostraron que existía interacción momento x grupo en las variables optimismo, extraversión y responsabilidad, correspondientes al Modelo de los Cinco Grandes Factores, mostrando un incremento de las puntuaciones en estas variables en el grupo terapia y no encontrándose dicha interacción en el grupo control. Las puntuaciones en los componentes de neuroticismo, amabilidad, apertura a la experiencia y personalidad resistente no se modificaron en ninguno de los dos grupos. Este estudio apoya la idea de que modificando determinados parámetros emocionales relacionados con el estrés mediante terapia cognitivo-conductual se pueden ver modulados algunos factores de personalidad.

El Uso terapéutico del self como herramienta en Terapia Ocupacional

OpenAIRE

Pérez Corrales, Jorge

2014-01-01

V Jornadas de actualización en terapia ocupacional: Formación continuada en terapia ocupacional, celebradas en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos campus de Alcorcón en 2014. Fisioterapia, Terapia Ocupacional, Rehabilitación y Medicina Física

Proceso de Cambio Psicoterapéutico: Análisis de Episodios Relevantes en una Terapia Grupal con Pacientes Adictos Therapeutic Change Process: Analysis of Relevant Episodes in a Group Therapy With Addict Patients

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Nelson Valdés

2005-11-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo determinar y describir el tipo de acciones comunicacionales realizadas por terapeutas y pacientes durante las sesiones de una terapia grupal. Para esto se utilizó una metodología orientada al descubrimiento empleando un análisis cualitativo de contenido. En los resultados se incluye tanto la descripción de las acciones identificadas de acuerdo al nivel de análisis, así como los patrones ideales de secuencia de dichos componentes asociados al cambio y propios de esta modalidad terapéutica. Finalmente, los resultados son discutidos considerando los principales antecedentes teóricos y empíricos en materia de investigación en psicoterapia.This article presents the results of a study aimed to determine and describe the type of communicative actions made by therapists and patients during the sessions of a group therapy. A discovery-oriented methodology was applied, conducting qualitative content analysis. Results include the description of the identified actions by levels of analysis, and their ideal sequential patterns, associated to in-session change and particularly to this therapeutic modality. Finally, the results are discussed considering the main theoretical and empirical frameworks in psychotherapy research.

Terapia cognitivo-comportamental da fobia social

OpenAIRE

Ito,Lígia M; Roso,Miréia C; Tiwari,Shilpee; Kendall,Philip C; Asbahr,Fernando R

2008-01-01

OBJETIVO: Este artigo revisa aspectos relevantes da fobia social e os estágios de tratamento através da terapia cognitivo-comportamental em crianças, adolescentes e adultos. MÉTODO: A partir do banco de dados Medline, realizou-se revisão da literatura publicada a respeito do tratamento da fobia social por meio da terapia cognitivo-comportamental. RESULTADOS: Revisão da literatura sugere que a fobia social é uma condição prevalente e crônica, caracterizada por inibição social e timidez excessi...

Biología floral, sistema reproductivo y éxito reproductivo de Macroptilium fraternum (Fabaceae

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Patricia S. Hoc

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizaron observaciones de la biología floral y el sistema reproductivo de Macroptilium fraternum en dos poblaciones de la Argentina, con diferentes condiciones edáficas, localizadas en el extremo Sur del área de distribución de esta especie. En ambas poblaciones y en material de herbario de distintas procedencias se determinó la coexistencia en una misma planta de dos tipos florales: a flores cleistógamas preantesis y b flores pseudocleistógamas. Las flores cleistógamas preantesis con alas mayores de 5 mm, dispuestas en racimos pubescentes, erectos, expuestos sobre el nivel del follaje. La antesis duraba aproximadamente 5 horas en los días soleados y 9 horas en los días lluviosos, el ala derecha cubría al ala izquierda, adquiriendo la corola aspecto bilabiado, ofreciendo el ala izquierda como plataforma de aterrizaje; producían escasa cantidad de néctar (0.18 ± 0.13 µl y no recibieron visitas de polinizadores; aproximadamente cuatro horas después del inicio de la antesis en días soleados el ovario comenzaba a crecer; en el capullo, el estigma receptivo se encontraba cubierto con granos de polen de la misma unidad floral germinando. Las flores pseudocleistógamas con alas menores de 5 mm, dispuestas en racimos breves, hirsutos y postrados, no subterráneos como en otras especies de Macroptilium. El estandarte comenzaba a desplegarse exponiendo parcialmente las alas, el limbo del ala izquierda rodeaba la quilla y nunca se desplegaba; el ala derecha comenzaba a desplegarse y a los 2 segundos se replegaba y marchitaba, inmediatamente el ovario comenzaba a crecer; la flor no ofrecía ninguna superficie donde algún visitante pudiera posarse; en los capullos el estigma estaba receptivo y con los granos de polen de la misma unidad floral emitiendo sus tubos polínicos. El éxito reproductivo relativo fue bajo (polinización natural = 8%, autopolinización espontánea = 3%, debido probablemente a la baja viabilidad polínica, el

Floral colour versus phylogeny in structuring subalpine flowering communities

OpenAIRE

McEwen, Jamie R.; Vamosi, Jana C.

2010-01-01

The relative number of seeds produced by competing species can influence the community structure; yet, traits that influence seed production, such as pollinator attraction and floral colour, have received little attention in community ecology. Here, we analyse floral colour using reflectance spectra that include near-UV and examined the phylogenetic signal of floral colour. We found that coflowering species within communities tended to be more divergent in floral colour than expected by chanc...

Terapias não farmacológicas no alívio da dor neuropática diabética: uma revisão bibliográfica Terapias no farmacológicas en el alivio del dolor neuropático diabético: una revisión bibliográfica Nonpharmacologic therapies in diabetic neuropathic pain: a review

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Letícia Cunha Franco

2011-01-01

Full Text Available A neuropatia diabética dolorosa caracteriza-se pela dor de difícil controle. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a produção bibliográfica a respeito das terapias não farmacológicas utilizadas no alívio dessa dor. Pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio de seis (6 fontes de dados, nos últimos 12 anos (1998 a 2010, utilizando os descritores diabetes, diabetes mellitus, neuropatia dolorosa, dor neuropática, tratamento e similares. Foram selecionados 13 artigos, que abordaram o uso de acupuntura, reike, fotoestimulação, estimulação eletromagnética neural, estimulação elétrica, terapia a laser. As terapias não farmacológicas estão sendo utilizadas com o propósito de aliviar a dor neuropática diabética, no entanto, ainda não há consenso sobre a eficiência desse tipo de tratamento na redução dessa dor. A produção de conhecimento sobre a temática é escassa, especialmente, no Brasil.La neuropatía diabética dolorosa se caracteriza por el dolor de difícil control. El objetivo del estudo fue analizar la producción bibliográfica respecto a las terapias no farmacológicas utilizadas en el alivio de ese dolor. Se trata de una investigación bibliográfica, por medio de seis (6 fuentes de datos, en los últimos 12 años (1998 a 2010, utilizando los descriptores diabetes, diabetes mellitus, neuropatía dolorosa, dolor neuropático, tratamiento y similares. Fueron seleccionados 13 artículos, que abordaron el uso de acupuntura, reike, fotoestimulación, estimulación electromagnética neural, estimulación eléctrica, terapia con laser. Las terapias no farmacológicas están siendo utilizadas con el propósito de aliviar el dolor neuropático diabético, mientras tanto, aun no hay consenso sobre la eficiencia de ese tipo de tratamiento en la reducción de ese dolor. La producción de conocimiento sobre la temática es escasa, especialmente, en el Brasil.Painful diabetic neuropathy is characterized by intense pain. The objective was

Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.

Science.gov (United States)

Antoń, Sebastian; Komoń-Janczara, Elwira; Denisow, Bożena

2017-12-01

Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure. Numerous zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries. Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus. To redress this imbalance, we sought, in the present paper, to describe the floral nectary, nectar production, and nectar composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors. The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma. Anthesis for a single flower was short (ca. 10-12 h), and flowers lasted only one night. The release of floral nectar commenced at the bud stage (approx. 4 h before anthesis) and nectar was available to pollinators until petal closure. Nectar concentration was relatively low (ca. 27%) and the nectar was sucrose-dominant, and composed mainly of sucrose, glucose and fructose. The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml -1 ). Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa. We noted both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors.

La terapia celular como tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica

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Ricardo Sanz

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Hasta hace poco tiempo se pensaba que el miocardio era un tejido sin capacidad de regeneración. El descubrimiento de progenitores celulares en el corazón de mamíferos adultos y la evidencia científica de que la reparación cardíaca existe han cambiado esta creencia, abriendo una nueva vía de investigación en el tratamiento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Durante años, circunscrita al ámbito de la investigación básica y de los ensayos preclínicos, esta nueva línea de investigación se ha trasladado al ámbito clínico, donde se están desarrollando ensayos en humanos para evaluar la seguridad, factibilidad y eficacia de dicha terapia celular en la regeneración miocárdica. En esta revisión nos centraremos en la terapia celular de la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica en humanos, recogiendo los antecedentes, tipos de células y vías de administración, así como los principales ensayos clínicos publicados hasta el momento.

Análisis y terapia del comprtamiento en Chile: origenes, estado actual y proyectos

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Pablo E. Vera-Villarroel

2010-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo realiza una revisión sobre los orígenes, estado actual y proyecciones del análisis del comportamiento y sus derivaciones en Chile. Su aplicación y entrenamiento sistemático se remonta a la parte final de la década de los sesenta, cuando Sergio Yulis introduce la terapia conductual en los cursos de psicoterapia. Durante los primeros años se realizan variadas aplicaciones tanto en área básica como aplicada. Durante el año 1973 muchos docentes deben abandonar el país, produciéndose un retroceso en el avance de la disciplina. Actualmente la orientación es considerada como una de las escuelas fundamentales en la formación de los futuros psicólogos y otros profesionales de la salud aun cuando no se cuente con la mayor preferencia entre la comunidad psicológica chilena. No existe ni en la formación ni en el país en la actualidad la fuerte presencia del conductismo que existió a finales de los setentaEl presente artículo realiza una revisión sobre los orígenes, estado actual y proyecciones del análisis del comportamiento y sus derivaciones en Chile. Su aplicación y entrenamiento sistemático se remonta a la parte final de la década de los sesenta, cuando Sergio Yulis introduce la terapia conductual en los cursos de psicoterapia. Durante los primeros años se realizan variadas aplicaciones tanto en área básica como aplicada. Durante el año 1973 muchos docentes deben abandonar el país, produciéndose un retroceso en el avance de la disciplina. Actualmente la orientación es considerada como una de las escuelas fundamentales en la formación de los futuros psicólogos y otros profesionales de la salud aun cuando no se cuente con la mayor preferencia entre la comunidad psicológica chilena. No existe ni en la formación ni en el país en la actualidad la fuerte presencia del conductismo que existió a finales de los setenta

Nocturnal bees are attracted by widespread floral scents.

Science.gov (United States)

Carvalho, Airton Torres; Maia, Artur Campos Dalia; Ojima, Poliana Yumi; dos Santos, Adauto A; Schlindwein, Clemens

2012-03-01

Flower localization in darkness is a challenging task for nocturnal pollinators. Floral scents often play a crucial role in guiding them towards their hosts. Using common volatile compounds of floral scents, we trapped female nocturnal Megalopta-bees (Halictidae), thus uncovering olfactory cues involved in their search for floral resources. Applying a new sampling method hereby described, we offer novel perspectives on the investigation of nocturnal bees.

The role of jasmonates in floral nectar secretion.

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Venkatesan Radhika

Full Text Available Plants produce nectar in their flowers as a reward for their pollinators and most of our crops depend on insect pollination, but little is known on the physiological control of nectar secretion. Jasmonates are well-known for their effects on senescence, the development and opening of flowers and on plant defences such as extrafloral nectar. Their role in floral nectar secretion has, however, not been explored so far. We investigated whether jasmonates have an influence on floral nectar secretion in oil-seed rape, Brassica napus. The floral tissues of this plant produced jasmonic acid (JA endogenously, and JA concentrations peaked shortly before nectar secretion was highest. Exogenous application of JA to flowers induced nectar secretion, which was suppressed by treatment with phenidone, an inhibitor of JA synthesis. This effect could be reversed by additional application of JA. Jasmonoyl-isoleucine and its structural mimic coronalon also increased nectar secretion. Herbivory or addition of JA to the leaves did not have an effect on floral nectar secretion, demonstrating a functional separation of systemic defence signalling from reproductive nectar secretion. Jasmonates, which have been intensively studied in the context of herbivore defences and flower development, have a profound effect on floral nectar secretion and, thus, pollination efficiency in B. napus. Our results link floral nectar secretion to jasmonate signalling and thereby integrate the floral nectar secretion into the complex network of oxylipid-mediated developmental processes of plants.

Spectrum of induced floral mutants in Petunia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Padmaja, V.; Sudhakar, P.

1987-01-01

A total of six floral mutants of garden Petunia isolated from the populations raised from the seed treatment with γ-rays, 2, 4-D and sodium azide are described. Five of the mutants viz. stellata, Campyloflora, Rubriflora mixed, Grandiflora and Albiflora mixed originated as segregants in M 2 generation while the chimeral floral phenotype was expressed in M 1 generation itself. Breeding behaviour of these horticulturally interesting altered floral phenotypes were studied in subsequent generations and appropriate conclusions were drawn regarding mode of inheritance of the mutant traits. 15 refs., 4 figures, 1 table. (author)

Terapias creativas en la unidad de hospitalización breve psiquiátrica

OpenAIRE

Asensio, Carmen

2014-01-01

V Jornadas de actualización en terapia ocupacional: Formación continuada en terapia ocupacional, celebradas en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos campus de Alcorcón en 2014. Fisioterapia, Terapia Ocupacional, Rehabilitación y Medicina Física

Disentangling the role of floral sensory stimuli in pollination networks

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kantsa, Aphrodite; Raguso, Robert A.; Dyer, Adrian G.

2018-01-01

Despite progress in understanding pollination network structure, the functional roles of floral sensory stimuli (visual, olfactory) have never been addressed comprehensively in a community context, even though such traits are known to mediate plant-pollinator interactions. Here, we use...... a comprehensive dataset of floral traits and a novel dynamic data-pooling methodology to explore the impacts of floral sensory diversity on the structure of a pollination network in a Mediterranean scrubland. Our approach tracks transitions in the network behaviour of each plant species throughout its flowering...... period and, despite dynamism in visitor composition, reveals significant links to floral scent, and/or colour as perceived by pollinators. Having accounted for floral phenology, abundance and phylogeny, the persistent association between floral sensory traits and visitor guilds supports a deeper role...

Beneficios de las terapias ecuestres. Estudio de caso: Asociación Hispalense de Terapias Ecuestres y la Herradura

OpenAIRE

González Prior, Marta

2016-01-01

En el ámbito de la diversidad funcional, son muchas las terapias que podemos encontrar como método de rehabilitación y de mejora de las áreas afectadas de este colectivo. La naturaleza y los animales, en nuestro caso los caballos, son los factores que diferencian las terapias ecuestres del resto, aportando multitud de beneficios, no sólo en el área física, sino también en áreas psicológicas y sociales. Numerosas investigaciones centran su objetivo en estudiar los beneficios en las personas qu...

Propagación in vitro de Heliconia bihai (L. cv. Lobster Salmón a partir de meristemos florales

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Londoño-Giraldo Lina María

2011-06-01

Full Text Available

Se desarrolló un protocolo de propagación in vitro a partir de meristemos florales para Heliconia bihai cv. Lobster Salmón. Para el efecto se establecieron 250 yemas florales en diferentes tiempos utilizando NaClO al 1% durante 20 min. El medio de establecimiento Murashige y Skoog con mejores resultados fue BAP (2 mg/lt, AIA (1 mg/lt y 0.1 g/lt de L-cisteína. La mayor produccion de brotes en multiplicación se obtuvo con 6 mg/lt de BAP y con un subcultivo posterior en medio con 2 mg/lt de BAP y 0.5 mg/lt de AIA, alcanzando una tasa de multiplicación de tres nuevas yemas. El enraizamiento de las plántulas in vitro se logró con 1.3 mg/lt de AIA. La aclimatación en vivero fue 92% de supervivencia. Se realizó un análisis de varianza (Anova y un test de Tukey para las variables evaluadas las cuales mostraron diferencias estadísticas en cada fase. La propagación in vitro de heliconias a partir de yemas florales requiere mayor tiempo en la fase de establecimiento y multiplicación, no obstante permite mayores porcentajes de supervivencia y una menor contaminación, ofreciendo material de siembra de diferentes especies de esta planta de interés comercial.

Procesos básicos en una aproximación cognitivo-conductual a los trastornos de personalidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel Ángel Pérez Nieto

2007-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo pretende revisar el protagonismo de procesos psicológicos básicos en la actual conceptualización de los trastornos de personalidad (TTPP, sus modelos explicativos más relevantes y las terapias cognitivo-conductuales centradas en estos trastornos. Para ello se revisará la tendencia actual a una aproximación más dimensional que categorial a los TTPP señalando la mayor relevancia implícita que en esa perspectiva tendrán los procesos psicológicos básicos. Para revisar el protagonismo de estos procesos se presentarán distintos modelos teóricos: el modelo de los siete factores, la aproximación desde el modelo de los cinco grandes, el modelo biosocial, y aproximación desde los modelos cognitivos. También se presentarán los principios de las dos terapias cognitivo-conductuales propias de los TTPP. Una vez presentado el estado actual de la cuestión se revisa el papel de la percepción, la atención, la memoria, el aprendizaje, la emoción y la impulsividad y su afrontamiento y regulación en la los modelos y terapias cognito-conductuales presentados, discutiendo sobre la necesidad de darles mayor protagonismo.

floral bud distortion

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

PRASHANT B. KALE

logical behaviour of floral reproductive organs and in silico characterization of differentially ... also prone to be attacked by various biotic and abiotic factors. ... environment. ..... play contributory role and also reported for synergistic effect.

Alcoholismo: integración familia-paciente desde la terapia ocupacional = Alcoholism : family integration - patient from the occupational therapy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Santi, A S

2006-09-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN El propósito del presente trabajo es reconocer al alcoholismo como una enfermedad, una adicción, que tiene repercusión a nivel individual y social. Intentando, específicamente hacer hincapié en la integración de la familia en el tratamiento del paciente con dependencia al alcohol.La metodología utilizada es la consideración de un caso clínico concreto, un paciente alcohólico asistido bajo abordaje individual por Terapia Ocupacional, durante tres meses en una institución de salud mental en condición de internado, estableciendo los puntos en común con la bibliografía existente. Se trata de articular la teoría con la práctica.Como consecuencia de lo investigado y vivenciado, como practicante de Terapia Ocupacional, se concluye que la familia es un elemento importante a la hora de lograr la predisposición del paciente alcohólico en proceso de rehabilitación al tratamiento. Donde Terapia Ocupacional es una disciplina que cumple un rol privilegiado dentro de dicho proceso, como facilitadora de las herramientas prácticas concretas, a nivel individual y familiar.Así la familia, sistema de transmisión de cultura y sostén de sus miembros, se convierte en un recurso indispensable en la recuperación del alcoholismo, si es considerada oportunamente.ABSTRACT This work aims to recognize alcoholism as an illness and an addiction having repercussions on individual and social aspects, and to try to make a special point of the family integration in the treatment of the alcoholic patient.So that, the family is viewed as an element for the support of its members and a way of transmitting culture which can be an essential resource for the recovery of alcoholic patients.The method consists of considering an specific clinical case, an alcoholic patientindividually treated with Occupational Therapy during 3 months as an internee in a Mental Health Institution, and finding at the same time common points with the existing bibliography and

Herbivory by a Phloem-feeding insect inhibits floral volatile production.

Science.gov (United States)

Pareja, Martin; Qvarfordt, Erika; Webster, Ben; Mayon, Patrick; Pickett, John; Birkett, Michael; Glinwood, Robert

2012-01-01

There is extensive knowledge on the effects of insect herbivory on volatile emission from vegetative tissue, but little is known about its impact on floral volatiles. We show that herbivory by phloem-feeding aphids inhibits floral volatile emission in white mustard Sinapis alba measured by gas chromatographic analysis of headspace volatiles. The effect of the Brassica specialist aphid Lipaphis erysimi was stronger than the generalist aphid Myzus persicae and feeding by chewing larvae of the moth Plutella xylostella caused no reduction in floral volatile emission. Field observations showed no effect of L. erysimi-mediated floral volatile emission on the total number of flower visits by pollinators. Olfactory bioassays suggested that although two aphid natural enemies could detect aphid inhibition of floral volatiles, their olfactory orientation to infested plants was not disrupted. This is the first demonstration that phloem-feeding herbivory can affect floral volatile emission, and that the outcome of interaction between herbivory and floral chemistry may differ depending on the herbivore's feeding mode and degree of specialisation. The findings provide new insights into interactions between insect herbivores and plant chemistry.

Evolution and developmental genetics of floral display-A review of progress

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Qing Ma; Wenheng Zhang; Qiu-Yun (Jenny) Xiang

2017-01-01

Angiosperms evolved a great diversity of ways to display their flowers for reproductive success by variation in floral color,size,shape,scent,arrangements,and flowering time.The various innovations in floral forms and the aggregation of flowers into different kinds of inflorescences can drive new ecological adaptations,speciation,and angiosperm diversification.Evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) seeks to uncover the developmental and genetic basis underlying morphological diversification.Advances in the developmental genetics of floral display have provided a foundation for insights into the genetic basis of floral and inflorescence evolution.A number of regulatory genes controlling floral and inflorescence development have been identified in model plants (e.g.,Arabidopsis thaliana,Antirrhinum majus) using forward genetics and conserved functions of many of these genes across diverse non-model species have been revealed by reverse genetics.Gene-regulatory networks that mediated the developmental progresses of floral and inflorescence development have also been established in some plant species.Meanwhile,phylogeny-based comparative analysis of morphological and genetic character has enabled the identification of key evolutionary events that lead to morphological complexity and diversification.Here we review the recent progress on evo-devo studies of floral display including floral symmetry,petal fusion,floral color,floral scent,and inflorescences.We also review the molecular genetic approaches applied to plant evo-devo studies and highlight the future directions of evo-devo.

Efectos morfológicos de la terapia génica restauradora de la timulina sobre la adenohipófisis de ratones atímicos

OpenAIRE

Martines, Eliana

2012-01-01

El objetivo general de la presente tesis es implementar una terapia génica pituitaria neonatal mediante el vector adenoviral portador del gen sintético para timulina (RAd- FTS), con el fin de prevenir deficiencias en las poblaciones adenohipofisarias, en los niveles séricos de la timulina y de las hormonas hipofisarias de ratones nude Facultad de Ciencias Médicas

Estructura floral de dos especies de Trachycarpeae (Arecaceae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lorena I. Guevara

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Copernicia y Washingtonia son dos de los géneros de Trachycarpeae para los cuales no ha sido propuesta una clasificación subtribal debido a la carencia de resolución en los estudios filogenéticos. La morfología y anatomía floral dentro de Coryphoideae han sido útiles para la delimitación de taxones y apoyo de relaciones. En este trabajo se presenta una descripción de la estructura morfo-anatómica de las flores de C. tectorum y W. filifera, con la finalidad de explorar caracteres reproductivos que puedan aclarar su ubicación dentro de la subfamilia y contribuir con estudios de biología floral. Se fijaron flores de especimenes cultivados de ambos taxones y frutos en desarrollo de C. tectorum, se realizaron disecciones para las descripciones morfológicas y cortes anatómicos seriados para la obtención de láminas permanentes utilizando técnicas convencionales con parafina. Todos los procedimientos fueron llevados a cabo en el Laboratorio de Morfo-Anatomía, Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV. Ambas especies tienen flores hermafroditas. Las flores de C. tectorum tienen perianto engrosado y pubescente. Las flores de W. filifera presentan un cáliz irregularmente dentado y corola corto-acuminada. Se reportan células con drusas en el tubo estaminal de C. tectorum. Uno solo de los carpelos de C. tectorum se desarrolla en fruto y se encontró una capa de células con rafidios que podrían formar el endocarpo crustáceo en los frutos maduros. W. filifera presenta pocas capas de células de paredes engrosadas y tejido esclerenquimático en el mesofilo del perianto, gineceo con carpelos fusionados en el ápice del ovario (en su porción ventral, libres en la base y en el ápice del estilo, donde presenta suturas ventrales abiertas. Los pétalos de C. tectorum poseen una hipodermis ventral de células con paredes muy engrosadas, gineceo con carpelos fusionados en el ápice del ovario, libres y adpresos en su

Identification of Genes Associated with Lemon Floral Transition and Flower Development during Floral Inductive Water Deficits: A Hypothetical Model.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Jin-Xue; Hou, Xiao-Jin; Zhu, Jiao; Zhou, Jing-Jing; Huang, Hua-Bin; Yue, Jian-Qiang; Gao, Jun-Yan; Du, Yu-Xia; Hu, Cheng-Xiao; Hu, Chun-Gen; Zhang, Jin-Zhi

2017-01-01

Water deficit is a key factor to induce flowering in many woody plants, but reports on the molecular mechanisms of floral induction and flowering by water deficit are scarce. Here, we analyzed the morphology, cytology, and different hormone levels of lemon buds during floral inductive water deficits. Higher levels of ABA were observed, and the initiation of floral bud differentiation was examined by paraffin sections analysis. A total of 1638 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA sequencing. DEGs were related to flowering, hormone biosynthesis, or metabolism. The expression of some DEGs was associated with floral induction by real-time PCR analysis. However, some DEGs may not have anything to do with flowering induction/flower development; they may be involved in general stress/drought response. Four genes from the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein family were further investigated. Ectopic expression of these genes in Arabidopsis changed the flowering time of transgenic plants. Furthermore, the 5' flanking region of these genes was also isolated and sequence analysis revealed the presence of several putative cis -regulatory elements, including basic elements and hormone regulation elements. The spatial and temporal expression patterns of these promoters were investigated under water deficit treatment. Based on these findings, we propose a model for citrus flowering under water deficit conditions, which will enable us to further understand the molecular mechanism of water deficit-regulated flowering in citrus. Based on gene activity during floral inductive water deficits identified by RNA sequencing and genes associated with lemon floral transition, a model for citrus flowering under water deficit conditions is proposed.

Las posibilidades de la terapia génica y sus dilemas bioéticos

OpenAIRE

Mejía, Orlando

2005-01-01

La terapia génica tiene, de acuerdo con Anderson, cuatro niveles de aplicación: las células somáticas, las células germinales, la terapia perfectiva y la manipulación eugenésica. Se hace un análisis de los dilemas bioéticos en cada nivel de terapia y se plantea el denominado Argumento Evolutivo para cuestionar los deseos de algunos científicos de iniciar terapia génica de células germinales. De igual manera, se advierte de los peligros de iniciar terapia perfectiva y la manipulación eugénica ...

Floral ontogeny in legume genera Petalostylis, Labichea, and Dialium (Caesalpinioideae: Cassieae), a series in floral reduction.

Science.gov (United States)

Tucker, S

1998-02-01

Floral ontogeny of taxa of two subtribes (Labicheinae, Dialiinae) of caesalpinioid tribe Cassieae, characterized by reduced number of floral organs, was compared. All three taxa studied are distichous; Petalostylis labicheoides flowers are solitary in leaf axils, Labichea lanceolata has few-flowered racemes, and Dialium guineense has numerous-flowered cymes. The first sepal primordium in each is initiated abaxially and nonmedianly. Order of organogenesis in Petalostylis is: five sepals bidirectionally, five petals and carpel simultaneously, then five stamens bidirectionally, starting abaxially. The order in Labichea is: five sepals helically (one lagging in time), five petals unidirectionally starting abaxially, the carpel and petals concurrently, then two stamens successively, starting laterally. Order in Dialium is: five sepals bidirectionally, the single petal adaxially, and lastly the carpel and two stamens concurrently. Specializations include (1) reduction of the five sepals to four by fusion in Petalostylis and Labichea; (2) reduction of petal number to one in Dialium; (3) reduction of stamen number to two in Labichea and Dialium, and reduction of functional stamens to three in Petalostylis; and (4) an elaborate, late-developing style in Petalostylis. Floral asymmetry, another specialization, characterizes Labichea, expressed by dissimilar stamens, while the other genera have zygomorphic flowers. Floral ontogenies are compared with other taxa of Cassieae.

Floral Nectar Guide Patterns Discourage Nectar Robbing by Bumble Bees

OpenAIRE

Leonard, Anne S.; Brent, Joshua; Papaj, Daniel R.; Dornhaus, Anna

2013-01-01

Floral displays are under selection to both attract pollinators and deter antagonists. Here we show that a common floral trait, a nectar guide pattern, alters the behavior of bees that can act opportunistically as both pollinators and as antagonists. Generally, bees access nectar via the floral limb, transporting pollen through contact with the plant's reproductive structures; however bees sometimes extract nectar from a hole in the side of the flower that they or other floral visitors create...

Circadian Rhythms in Floral Scent Emission.

Science.gov (United States)

Fenske, Myles P; Imaizumi, Takato

2016-01-01

To successfully recruit pollinators, plants often release attractive floral scents at specific times of day to coincide with pollinator foraging. This timing of scent emission is thought to be evolutionarily beneficial to maximize resource efficiency while attracting only useful pollinators. Temporal regulation of scent emission is tied to the activity of the specific metabolic pathways responsible for scent production. Although floral volatile profiling in various plants indicated a contribution by the circadian clock, the mechanisms by which the circadian clock regulates timing of floral scent emission remained elusive. Recent studies using two species in the Solanaceae family provided initial insight into molecular clock regulation of scent emission timing. In Petunia hybrida, the floral volatile benzenoid/phenylpropanoid (FVBP) pathway is the major metabolic pathway that produces floral volatiles. Three MYB-type transcription factors, ODORANT 1 (ODO1), EMISSION OF BENZENOIDS I (EOBI), and EOBII, all of which show diurnal rhythms in mRNA expression, act as positive regulators for several enzyme genes in the FVBP pathway. Recently, in P. hybrida and Nicotiana attenuata, homologs of the Arabidopsis clock gene LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) have been shown to have a similar role in the circadian clock in these plants, and to also determine the timing of scent emission. In addition, in P. hybrida, PhLHY directly represses ODO1 and several enzyme genes in the FVBP pathway during the morning as an important negative regulator of scent emission. These findings facilitate our understanding of the relationship between a molecular timekeeper and the timing of scent emission, which may influence reproductive success.

Adherencia a la terapia compresiva en los pacientes con úlceras venosas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María del Carmen Folguera Álvarez

Full Text Available Objetivo: Analizar la bibliografía publicada en relación con los factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento de la terapia compresiva en las personas con úlceras venosas. Método: Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica, consultando PubMed, BioMed Central, Library Cochrane Plus, CUIDEN, LILACS, IBECS, IME, SciELO, CINAHL, desde enero del 2003 a mayo de 2013. Resultados: Se han encontrado dieciséis documentos que cumplen los criterios de inclusión. Existen factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento relacionados con los pacientes, profesionales e instituciones. Conclusiones: Se debe considerar el carácter crónico de las úlceras venosas y realizar las intervenciones, teniendo en cuenta las preferencias, conocimientos y habilidades tanto propias como de los pacientes.

Herbivory by a Phloem-feeding insect inhibits floral volatile production.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martin Pareja

Full Text Available There is extensive knowledge on the effects of insect herbivory on volatile emission from vegetative tissue, but little is known about its impact on floral volatiles. We show that herbivory by phloem-feeding aphids inhibits floral volatile emission in white mustard Sinapis alba measured by gas chromatographic analysis of headspace volatiles. The effect of the Brassica specialist aphid Lipaphis erysimi was stronger than the generalist aphid Myzus persicae and feeding by chewing larvae of the moth Plutella xylostella caused no reduction in floral volatile emission. Field observations showed no effect of L. erysimi-mediated floral volatile emission on the total number of flower visits by pollinators. Olfactory bioassays suggested that although two aphid natural enemies could detect aphid inhibition of floral volatiles, their olfactory orientation to infested plants was not disrupted. This is the first demonstration that phloem-feeding herbivory can affect floral volatile emission, and that the outcome of interaction between herbivory and floral chemistry may differ depending on the herbivore's feeding mode and degree of specialisation. The findings provide new insights into interactions between insect herbivores and plant chemistry.

Terapia de la risa en un grupo de mujeres adultas/ Laughter therapy in a group of elderly women

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María M. Villam

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: explorar los beneficios de la terapia de la risa en un grupo de mujeres adultas pertenecientes a un centro gerontológico del Municipio de Envigado (Colombia. Metodología: estudio con enfoque cualitativo mediante entrevista semiestructurada a 10 adultas entre 59 y 97 años de edad, antes y después de la aplicación de 5 sesiones, una semanal, de terapia de la risa por parte del grupo Mediclaun “payasos hospitalarios”. Resultados: muchos de los cambios percibidos en las adultas coinciden con la literatura en lo que respecta a una actitud más positiva, incremento de la confianza en el otro y la aceptación; expresan el pasado con menos dolor y un mayor agrado frente al acompañamiento familiar. Conclusiones: La terapia de la risa permite al adulto mayor encontrar fortalezas que puedan ayudarle a mejorar su presente, a su vez, lograr cambios en el individuo que se le revierten positivamente y a su relación con el entorno Objective: to explore the benefits of laughter therapy in a group of elderly women belonging to a gerontology center (Envigado, Colombia. Methodology: a qualitative study using a semi-structured interview with 10 adult women aged 59 to 97. The participants were interviewed before and after applying 5 weekly sessions of laughter therapy. Said therapy was administered by the Mediclaun "hospital clowns" group. Results: many of the changes observed in adult women are consistent with the results described in the literature in relation to a more positive attitude, increased confidence in people and acceptance; the participants expressed the past with less pain and had a greater liking towards family support. Conclusions: laughter therapy allows seniors to find the strength to improve their present situation, thus causing positive changes in their own self and in their relationship with their surroundings

Stress in nurses working in intensive care units El estrés de los enfermeros que actúan en una unidad de terapia intensiva Estresse de enfermeiros com atuação em unidade de terapia intensiva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Maria Cavalheiro

2008-02-01

Full Text Available The present study aimed to identify the presence of stress in nurses working in intensive care units, the stressing agents and symptoms associated to the nurses' perceptions of stress, and to assess the correlation between the occurrence of stress, sources of stress, and symptoms shown by the nurses. Seventy-five nurses took part in the study. The data were collected from questionnaires, analyzed with the Pearson correlation coefficients, and adjusted by general linear models. The study showed the presence of stress related to work dissatisfaction, activities regarded as critical situations in intensive care units, symptoms related to cardiovascular, digestive and musculoskeletal disorders. The conclusion is that stress is present in nurses' activities in intensive care units, related to characteristics of the health area itself, causing dissatisfaction and stress-related symptoms.El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos: identificar la presencia de estrés en enfermeros que trabajan en unidades de terapia intensiva; identificar a los agentes estresantes y a los síntomas asociados al estrés, según la percepción del enfermero; y, evaluar la correlación entre la presencia del estrés, las fuentes del estrés y los síntomas presentados por los enfermeros. Setenta y cinco enfermeros participaron del estudio. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de cuestionarios. El análisis fue realizado utilizando los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson y ajustando con modelos lineales generalizados. El estudio mostró la presencia de estrés correlacionado a: la insatisfacción en el trabajo; a las actividades consideradas como situaciones críticas en unidad de terapia intensiva; a los síntomas relacionados con alteraciones cardiovasculares; al aparato digestivo y a los músculos del esqueleto. La conclusión del estudio es que el estrés está presente en la actividad del enfermero en las unidades de terapia intensiva y está correlacionado a

Specialist Osmia bees forage indiscriminately among hybridizing Balsamorhiza floral hosts

Science.gov (United States)

James H. Cane

2011-01-01

Pollinators, even floral generalists (=polyleges), typically specialize during individual foraging bouts, infrequently switching between floral hosts. Such transient floral constancy restricts pollen flow, and thereby gene flow, to conspecific flowers in mixed plant communities. Where incipient flowering species meet, however, weak cross-fertility and often similar...

Síndrome de lipodistrofia en pacientes con VIH/sida que reciben terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad en Tepic, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rogelio Alberto Fernández Argüelles

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la manifestación del síndrome de lipodistrofia y la terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad en pacientes con VIH/sida. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y correlacional en pacientes con VIH/sida que reciben terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad, atendidos entre marzo y diciembre de 2007 en el Centro Ambulatorio de Prevención y Atención del Sida e Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (CAPASITS de Tepic, Nayarit, México. La definición y diagnóstico del síndrome se realizó mediante el método de The National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research (NCHECR de Australia. Se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado para evaluar la dependencia entre el síndrome y la terapia. Se evaluaron 175 pacientes (128 hombres y 47 mujeres, de 19 a 72 años de edad. Resultados: se diagnosticaron 141 pacientes (80,6 con síndrome de lipodistrofia (IC95% 74,7-86.4 %; el 82,6 % correspondió a hombres y el 74,5 % a mujeres. Según la severidad, el porcentaje fue de 17 % de grado 1, 3 % de grado 2, 10 % de grado 3 y 51 % de grado IV. Las pruebas de chi cuadrado para evaluar dependencia entre el síndrome y la terapia resultaron no significativas. Conclusiones: el síndrome de lipodistrofia severo resulta un serio problema para la apariencia de pacientes de VIH/sida que reciben o no la terapia antirretroviral y que agrega un riesgo cardiovascular importante que debe ser considerado para intentar su prevención o tratamiento. Aunque los resultados pueden presentar sesgos y limitaciones, aportan una aproximación importante para sustentar y planificar intervenciones sanitarias que disminuirían el impacto del síndrome en la salud de los pacientes con VIH/sida.

Floral abundance, richness, and spatial distribution drive urban garden bee communities.

Science.gov (United States)

Plascencia, M; Philpott, S M

2017-10-01

In urban landscapes, gardens provide refuges for bee diversity, but conservation potential may depend on local and landscape features. Foraging and population persistence of bee species, as well as overall pollinator community structure, may be supported by the abundance, richness, and spatial distribution of floral resources. Floral resources strongly differ in urban gardens. Using hand netting and pan traps to survey bees, we examined whether abundance, richness, and spatial distribution of floral resources, as well as ground cover and garden landscape surroundings influence bee abundance, species richness, and diversity on the central coast of California. Differences in floral abundance and spatial distribution, as well as urban cover in the landscape, predicted different bee community variables. Abundance of all bees and of honeybees (Apis mellifera) was lower in sites with more urban land cover surrounding the gardens. Honeybee abundance was higher in sites with patchy floral resources, whereas bee species richness and bee diversity was higher in sites with more clustered floral resources. Surprisingly, bee species richness and bee diversity was lower in sites with very high floral abundance, possibly due to interactions with honeybees. Other studies have documented the importance of floral abundance and landscape surroundings for bees in urban gardens, but this study is the first to document that the spatial arrangement of flowers strongly predicts bee abundance and richness. Based on these findings, it is likely that garden managers may promote bee conservation by managing for floral connectivity and abundance within these ubiquitous urban habitats.

Estado actual y futuro de la terapia anti-leishmaniásica en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaime Soto

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Los antimoniales pentavalentes son la primera elección para el tratamiento de la leishmaniasis en Colombia pero la dosis ha tenido que incrementarse en mas de 600% para mantener su eficacia que en distintos reportes varía entre 93 y 25%, lo cual puede reflejar diferencias en la sensibilidad de los parásitos pero más probablemente incumplimiento de los esquemas recomendados. Los resultados de su empleo, así como la situación actual de pentamidina, anfotericina B y miltefosina son revisados y se hace una proyección sobre el desarrollo de la terapia en los próximos años. Para definir el real estado de la respuesta a los medicamentos anti-leishmaniásicos y prolongarles su vida útil, es indispensable establecer mecanismos de vigilancia de los factores implicados en el manejo de la enfermedad por lo que se plantea una estrategia de sitios centinela que permitan observaciones puntuales en el tiempo, en áreas específicas y sobre situaciones particulares.

INTROSPECCIÓN SOCRÁTICA Y LOGOTERAPIA UNA PROPUESTA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

2001-01-01

Full Text Available La tesis de esta ponencia considera a la introspección socrática como una propuesta útil dentro de la logoterapia y la terapia psicológica en general. El desarrollo argumentativo se realiza presentando inicialmente una relación crítica entre el análisis existencial de Víctor Frankl y la logoterapia y, posteriormente, se hace alusión a la metodología de la introspección que se propone y unos resultados preliminares sobre los alcances y limitaciones de la misma. Finalmente, se plantea como conclusión que la introspección socrática es una opción que se puede considerar importante dentro de la logoterapia y la psicología clínica en general, pero que requiere un plan de indagación más sistemático.

Curing by doing: la poliomielitis y el surgimiento de la terapia ocupacional en Argentina, 1956-1959

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniela Edelvis Testa

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Analiza la creación de la carrera de terapia ocupacional en Argentina. Privilegiando la construcción histórico social, se recuperan aspectos del proceso de profesionalización estableciendo relaciones entre el contexto provocado por la epidemia de poliomielitis de 1956 y la influencia de las concepciones de género sobre la conformación de la profesión del terapista ocupacional. La llegada al país de esta profesión introdujo la idea de curing by doing , una terapéutica lograda a través del hacer y una forma de atenuar las consecuencias de la crítica epidemia. Finalmente, se sugiere un proceso inacabado de pujas y tensiones que necesita aún superar obstáculos para adquirir la autonomía profesional y el monopolio de la práctica.

Building beauty: the genetic control of floral patterning

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lohmann, J. U., and Weigel, D.

2002-02-01

OAK-B135 Floral organ identity is controlled by combinatorial action of homeotic genes expressed in different territories within the emerging flower. This review discusses recent progress in our understanding of floral homeotic genes, with an emphasis on how their region-specific expression is regulated.

chemical profiles of honeys originating from different floral sources

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2015-02-05

Feb 5, 2015 ... FLORAL SOURCES AND GEOGRAPHIC LOCATIONS EXAMINED BY A ... quality honeys retail for premium prices, but these honeys are increasingly being counterfeited ... distinguish between two floral sources in Malaysia.

Efecto del nitrato de potasio, fosfato de potasio y ethephon en la inducción floral de la feijoa o goiabeira serrana (Acca sellowiana [O. Berg] Burret Effect of potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate and ethephon in floral induction of pineapple guava (Acca sellowiana [O. Berg] Burret

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Oskar Javier Garcia

2008-09-01

Full Text Available El ensayo se llevó a cabo en la finca El Cortijo (La Vega, Cundinamarca, Colombia [04°55'N y 74°18'W], 2350 m altitud, 17°C temperatura media, 1423 mm precipitación anual, 85% humedad relativa, 1377 horas brillo solar/año. Se utilizaron árboles de feijoa o goiabeira serrana de seis años, Clon 41 ('Quimba', evaluando fertilizantes foliares KNO3 (Nitrato de Potasio 13-0-46® 1%, 1,5% y 2% y KH2PO4 (fosfato de potasio; Cosmofoliar 0-32-43®; 0,5%, 0,75% y 1,0% y la fitohormona ethephon (Ethrel® 48 SL; 100, 150 y 200 mg L-1. Se determinaron el número de botones florales inducidos, flores formadas, además, el porcentaje de flores formadas y nivel de eficacia de los productos inductores. El KH2PO4 al 0,5% obtuvo resultados favorables en cada una de las variables evaluadas, comparado con el 0,75% y 1% del mismo producto y, sin embargo hubo un alto número de flores inducidas y formadas, no se presentaron diferencias significativas con el testigo. Ethephon a 150 mg L-1 en la inducción de botones florales y a 100 mg L-1 en la de formación de flores mostró resultados favorables, pero tampoco pudo superar el testigo por falta de significancia. La respuesta generada por KNO3 mostró una baja inducción de botones florales, y una eficacia negativa en la proporción de flores formadas; asimismo fitotoxicidad, cuando se emplearon concentraciones al 2% de este producto.The experiment was carried out in El Cortijo farm (La Vega, Cundinamarca, Colombia [ 04° 55' N and 74° 18' W ], 2350 m above sea level, 17° C average temperature, 1423 mm of annual precipitation, 85% of relative humidity, and 1.377 of sunshine hours/year. In the study, evaluation of foliar fertilizers KNO3 (potassium nitrate 13-0-46® 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, KH2PO4 (potassium phosphate; Cosmofoliar 0-32-43®; 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%, and ethephon phytohormone (Ethrel® 48 SL; 100, 150, and 200 mg L-1 was done on six year old pineapple guava trees of Clone 41 ('Quimba'. The number of

Variations on a theme: changes in the floral ABCs in angiosperms.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rijpkema, A.S.; Vandenbussche, M.; Koes, R.E.; Heijmans, K.; Gerats, T.

2010-01-01

Angiosperms display a huge variety of floral forms. The development of the ABC-model for floral organ identity, almost 20 years ago, has created an excellent basis for comparative floral development (evo-devo) studies. These have resulted in an increasingly more detailed understanding of the

Variations on a theme: changes in the floral ABCs in angiosperms.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rijpkema, A.S.; Vandenbussche, M.; Koes, R.E.; Heijmans, K.; Gerats, T.

2009-01-01

Angiosperms display a huge variety of floral forms. The development of the ABC-model for floral organ identity, almost 20 years ago, has created an excellent basis for comparative floral development (evo-devo) studies. These have resulted in an increasingly more detailed understanding of the

A developmental basis for stochasticity in floral organ numbers

Science.gov (United States)

Kitazawa, Miho S.; Fujimoto, Koichi

2014-01-01

Stochasticity ubiquitously inevitably appears at all levels from molecular traits to multicellular, morphological traits. Intrinsic stochasticity in biochemical reactions underlies the typical intercellular distributions of chemical concentrations, e.g., morphogen gradients, which can give rise to stochastic morphogenesis. While the universal statistics and mechanisms underlying the stochasticity at the biochemical level have been widely analyzed, those at the morphological level have not. Such morphological stochasticity is found in foral organ numbers. Although the floral organ number is a hallmark of floral species, it can distribute stochastically even within an individual plant. The probability distribution of the floral organ number within a population is usually asymmetric, i.e., it is more likely to increase rather than decrease from the modal value, or vice versa. We combined field observations, statistical analysis, and mathematical modeling to study the developmental basis of the variation in floral organ numbers among 50 species mainly from Ranunculaceae and several other families from core eudicots. We compared six hypothetical mechanisms and found that a modified error function reproduced much of the asymmetric variation found in eudicot floral organ numbers. The error function is derived from mathematical modeling of floral organ positioning, and its parameters represent measurable distances in the floral bud morphologies. The model predicts two developmental sources of the organ-number distributions: stochastic shifts in the expression boundaries of homeotic genes and a semi-concentric (whorled-type) organ arrangement. Other models species- or organ-specifically reproduced different types of distributions that reflect different developmental processes. The organ-number variation could be an indicator of stochasticity in organ fate determination and organ positioning. PMID:25404932

Terapia biológica en enfermedades reumatológicas

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Manuel F Ugarte-Gil

2013-04-01

Full Text Available El advenimiento del uso de terapias biológicas en Reumatología ha modificado significativamente el pronóstico de pacientes portadores de artritis reumatoide (AR, artritis juvenil (AJ, espondilitis anquilosante (EA, entre otras enfermedades. A diferencia de las terapias convencionales estos productos biológicos se dirigen a los llamados blancos terapéuticos ya sea estas una línea celular, un mediador inflamatorio o un receptor de superficie. Estos compuestos son producidos por células vivas mediante la tecnología del ADN recombinante. Estos compuestos pueden tener componentes humano y animal [quiméricos (Xi, humanizados (Zu], o completamente humanos (H lo cual se reconoce por las letras que se incluyen en el nombre de cada uno. En el campo de la Reumatología, el primer compuesto utilizado fue el etanercept (anti-factor de necrosis tumoral o anti-TNF aprobado en 1998, pero otros anti-TNF han demostrado su beneficio en AR, como en EA y AJ. Los inhibidores de Interleucina (IL-1 casi no se usan en AR actualmente, pero si los inhibidores de IL-6, así como los agentes contra las células B y los agonistas de CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen. Existe asimismo un compuesto dirigido al BLyS (B-lymphocyte stimulator el cual se usa en lupus eritematoso sistémico y otro dirigido al receptor activador del factor nuclear κB (RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand que se usa en osteoporosis. Con el avance en el conocimiento de la patogenia de las enfermedades reumαticas, se vienen reconociendo otra blancos terapιuticas. En los aρos venideros, este campo ha de expandirse en proporciones geomιtricas

Terapia oclusiva em ambliopia: fatores prognósticos

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Salata,Ana Carolina Fava; Villaça,Veridiana Toledo Nascimento; Roma,Renato Lopes; Norato,Denise Yvonne Janovitz; Carvalho,Keila Miriam Monteiro de

2001-01-01

Objetivos: Ambliopia é o defeito visual mais comum em crianças e por mais de 250 anos a terapia oclusiva vem sendo o melhor tratamento. Sendo assim, propusemo-nos a determinar os fatores que influenciam no sucesso do tratamento da ambliopia por terapia oclusiva em nosso meio. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo com 169 crianças amblíopes atendidas no Ambulatório de Ambliopia do Hospital de Clínicas da UNICAMP, Campinas (SP), entre janeiro de 1996 e maio de 1998. A população atendid...

Wild bees preferentially visit Rudbeckia flower heads with exaggerated ultraviolet absorbing floral guides.

Science.gov (United States)

Horth, Lisa; Campbell, Laura; Bray, Rebecca

2014-03-15

Here, we report on the results of an experimental study that assessed the visitation frequency of wild bees to conspecific flowers with different sized floral guides. UV absorbent floral guides are ubiquitous in Angiosperms, yet surprisingly little is known about conspecific variation in these guides and very few studies have evaluated pollinator response to UV guide manipulation. This is true despite our rich understanding about learning and color preferences in bees. Historical dogma indicates that flower color serves as an important long-range visual signal allowing pollinators to detect the flowers, while floral guides function as close-range signals that direct pollinators to a reward. We initiated the work presented here by first assessing the population level variation in UV absorbent floral guides for conspecific flowers. We assessed two species, Rudbeckia hirta and R. fulgida. We then used several petal cut-and-paste experiments to test whether UV floral guides can also function to attract visitors. We manipulated floral guide size and evaluated visitation frequency. In all experiments, pollinator visitation rates were clearly associated with floral guide size. Diminished floral guides recruited relatively few insect visitors. Exaggerated floral guides recruited more visitors than smaller or average sized guides. Thus, UV floral guides play an important role in pollinator recruitment and in determining the relative attractiveness of conspecific flower heads. Consideration of floral guides is therefore important when evaluating the overall conspicuousness of flower heads relative to background coloration. This work raises the issue of whether floral guides serve as honest indicators of reward, since guide size varies in nature for conspecific flowers at the same developmental stage and since preferences for larger guides were found. To our knowledge, these are the first cut-and-paste experiments conducted to examine whether UV absorbent floral guides affect

Wild bees preferentially visit Rudbeckia flower heads with exaggerated ultraviolet absorbing floral guides

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Lisa Horth

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Here, we report on the results of an experimental study that assessed the visitation frequency of wild bees to conspecific flowers with different sized floral guides. UV absorbent floral guides are ubiquitous in Angiosperms, yet surprisingly little is known about conspecific variation in these guides and very few studies have evaluated pollinator response to UV guide manipulation. This is true despite our rich understanding about learning and color preferences in bees. Historical dogma indicates that flower color serves as an important long-range visual signal allowing pollinators to detect the flowers, while floral guides function as close-range signals that direct pollinators to a reward. We initiated the work presented here by first assessing the population level variation in UV absorbent floral guides for conspecific flowers. We assessed two species, Rudbeckia hirta and R. fulgida. We then used several petal cut-and-paste experiments to test whether UV floral guides can also function to attract visitors. We manipulated floral guide size and evaluated visitation frequency. In all experiments, pollinator visitation rates were clearly associated with floral guide size. Diminished floral guides recruited relatively few insect visitors. Exaggerated floral guides recruited more visitors than smaller or average sized guides. Thus, UV floral guides play an important role in pollinator recruitment and in determining the relative attractiveness of conspecific flower heads. Consideration of floral guides is therefore important when evaluating the overall conspicuousness of flower heads relative to background coloration. This work raises the issue of whether floral guides serve as honest indicators of reward, since guide size varies in nature for conspecific flowers at the same developmental stage and since preferences for larger guides were found. To our knowledge, these are the first cut-and-paste experiments conducted to examine whether UV absorbent

Estudio sobre el abordaje de la obesidad a sobrepeso tras una aproximación terapeútica basada en el premio-castigo

OpenAIRE

Hermosín Peña, Marta

2014-01-01

En el presente trabajo realizamos una revisión sobre el sobrepeso y obesidad y su abordaje dentro de una consulta nutricional. Hemos querido realizarlo desde un enfoque psicoterapéutico, dando protagonismo al coaching nutricional y al modelo conceptual del premio-castigo. Tras una introducción general sobre la obesidad, el sobrepeso y sus problemas asociados, pasamos a revisar su prevención, su tratamiento psicológico y las bases para estas terapias. Aclaramos la problemátic...

Aplicación tópica de liposomas ultradeformables para terapia fotodinámica contra Leishmaniasis cutánea

OpenAIRE

Martinetti Montanari, Jorge Anibal

2009-01-01

Martinetti Montanari, J. A. (2009). Aplicación tópica de liposomas ultradeformables para terapia fotodinámica contra Leishmaniasis cutánea (Tesis de Doctorado). Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina. La Leishmaniasis aun en el año 2009 sigue siendo un problema sin solución. Al presente existen 12 millones de personas infectadas en 88 países, con una incidencia de 2.000.000 personas infectadas/año, de las cuales 500.000 sufren leishmaniasis visceral, y el restante millón y medi...

Il Servizio Intercultura dell’Istituto di Terapia Familiare di Firenze

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Giancarlo Francini

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Nel corso del presente articolo vengono descritte le premesse epistemologiche e le metodologie adottate dagli operatori del Servizio Intercultura dell’Istituto di Terapia Familiare di Firenze (ITFF nel lavoro con la popolazione migrante ed elencati gli interventi fatti nel territorio. Il Servizio Intercultura dell’ITFF si è interrogato in questi anni sul valore della cultura come porta d’ingresso nel rapporto con il migrante; nel chiedere loro di narrare aspetti della loro cultura condividiamo aspetti della nostra cultura. L’incontro con il malinteso, che come dice Jankelevitch «(… è un quasi niente» (Jankelevitch, 1987, p. 233, perché se fosse stato qualcosa di più ce ne saremmo accorti e se fosse qualcosa di meno non sarebbe significativo, ci permette di aprirci a un rapporto che cambia entrambi, operatore e migrante, nella relazione. È nella relazione e attraverso il racconto dell’evento migrazione e del ciclo di vita che si costruisce e si cerca un linguaggio comune per la descrizione e l’espressione del disagio. Il lavoro con i migranti deve fare i conti con le difficoltà legate all’impiego, alla casa, al permesso di soggiorno e non ultimo alla brevità di alcuni incontri, perché per alcuni la nostra città è solo una tappa di un percorso che continua alla ricerca di una sistemazione migliore. Nel territorio di Firenze sono stati messi a punto una serie di servizi: oltre alla clinica e a uno sportello di consulenza, ci si dedica alla formazione degli operatori che lavorano con i migranti. Esempi di queste attività sono: un progetto di peer tutoring in alcune scuole superiori, uno di formazione per le assistenti sociali al fine di proporre un protocollo più efficace di presa in carico dei migranti, una serie di focus group con dipendenti Asl all’interno del progetto “Mamma segreta” della regione Toscana; inoltre, la collaborazione con le associazioni presenti sul territorio ha permesso un contatto

Morphological Observation on Floral Variations of the Genus Cuscuta in Taiwan

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Gwo-Ing Liao

2005-06-01

Full Text Available The variations in floral structure of Cuscuta in Taiwan were studied with special reference to C. campestris. The variations of the floral structure were described and illustrated by using light and scanning electron microscopy. The variations including the following: (1 the absence of floral organs; (2 the abnormal fusion of floral organs; (3 petaloid stamens; (4 the lack of distinctive anther lobes; (5 the unusual protrusions on ovaries; and (6 the extrusion of ovule on ovary surfaces. The variations occur in early developmental stages when the primordia of floral organ were initiated. The findings that the abnormal position of the ovule and the lateral fusion of the scale with the filament or the petal in the species of Cuscuta are first time reported here.

Non-volatile floral oils of Diascia spp. (Scrophulariaceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Dumri, Kanchana; Seipold, Lars; Schmidt, Jürgen; Gerlach, Günter; Dötterl, Stefan; Ellis, Allan G; Wessjohann, Ludger A

2008-04-01

The floral oils of Diascia purpurea, Diascia vigilis, Diascia cordata, Diascia megathura, Diascia integerrima and Diascia barberae (Scrophulariaceae) were selectively collected from trichome elaiophores. The derivatized floral oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), whilst the underivatized samples were analysed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS). The most common constituents of the floral oils investigated are partially acetylated acylglycerols of (3R)-acetoxy fatty acids (C(14), C(16), and C(18)), as was proven with non-racemic synthetic reference samples. The importance of these oils for Rediviva bees is discussed in a co-evolutionary context.

Overhead irrigation increased winter chilling and floral bud ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Eucalyptus nitens requires a sufficiently cold winter to produce flower buds. In areas in South Africa where E. nitens commercial plantations as well as breeding and production seed orchards are located, winter chilling is often insufficient for floral bud initiation. Hence, under such conditions, E. nitens floral bud and seed ...

Do Plants Eavesdrop on Floral Scent Signals?

Science.gov (United States)

Caruso, Christina M; Parachnowitsch, Amy L

2016-01-01

Plants emit a diverse array of volatile organic compounds that can function as cues to other plants. Plants can use volatiles emitted by neighbors to gain information about their environment, and respond by adjusting their phenotype. Less is known about whether the many different volatile signals that plants emit are all equally likely to function as cues to other plants. We review evidence for the function of floral volatile signals and conclude that plants are as likely to perceive and respond to floral volatiles as to other, better-studied volatiles. We propose that eavesdropping on floral volatile cues is particularly likely to be adaptive because plants can respond to these cues by adjusting traits that directly affect pollination and mating. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Entrenamiento de la capacidad aeróbica por medio de la terapia acuática en niños con parálisis cerebral tipo diplejía espástica

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Nandy Fajardo López

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes. La parálisis cerebral tipo diplejía espática genera cambios en el sistema cardiovascular que afectan la capacidad aeróbica. La terapia acuática es una estrategia terapéutica óptima tanto para el manejo de la población como para el entrenamiento de la capacidad aeróbica, por las respuestas fisiológicas que genera y porque brinda la facilidad de generar mayores cargas al sistema cardiovascular con menores riesgos que en tierra. Objetivo. Identificar las características que debe tener una propuesta de intervención fisioterapéutica para el entrenamiento de la capacidad aérobica en niños y niñas entre los 8 y los 12 años, con parálisis cerebral tipo diplejía espástica, empleando la terapia acuática. Materiales y métodos. Se desarrolló un estudio de tipo descriptivo-propositivo, en el cual se formuló una propuesta de intervención basada en información recolectada a través de referencias bibliográficas. Resultados. Se presentan en forma de propuesta de intervención, describiendo en detalle las fases del entrenamiento de la capacidad aeróbica, mediante los principios del entrenamiento y la prescripción de ejercicio físico, teniendo en cuenta las respuestas fisiológicas ante la carga, así como las características propias de la población. Conclusión. La parálisis cerebral tipo diplejía espástica, genera cambios en la capacidad aeróbica; por esto, el fisioterapeuta debe incluirla en los procesos de rehabilitación como uno de sus objetivos. Para lograrlo, la terapia acuática es una modalidad de tratamiento óptima, puesto que genera mayor seguridad de movimiento y respuestas fisiológicas favorables en el sistema cardiovascular.

Floral reward in Ranunculaceae species

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Bożena Denisow

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Floral reward is important in ecological and evolutionary perspectives and essential in pollination biology. For example, floral traits, nectar and pollen features are essential for understanding the functional ecology, the dynamics of pollen transport, competition for pollinator services, and patterns of specialization and generalization in plant–pollinator interactions. We believe to present a synthetic description in the field of floral reward in Ranunculaceae family important in pollination biology and indicating connections between ecological and evolutionary approaches. The links between insect visitors’ behaviour and floral reward type and characteristics exist. Ranunculaceae is a family of aboot 1700 species (aboot 60 genera, distributed worldwide, however the most abundant representatives are in temperate and cool regions of the northern and southern hemispheres. The flowers are usually radially symmetric (zygomorphic and bisexual, but in Aconitum, Aquilegia are bilaterally symmetric (zygomorphic. Most Ranunculaceae flowers offer no nectar, only pollen (e.g., Ranunculus, Adonis vernalis, Thalictrum, but numerous species create trophic niches for different wild pollinators (e.g. Osmia, Megachile, Bombus, Andrena (Denisow et al. 2008. Pollen is a source of protein, vitamins, mineral salts, organic acids and hormones, but the nutritional value varies greatly between different plant species. The pollen production can differ significantly between Ranunculacea species. The mass of pollen produced in anthers differ due to variations in the number of developed anthers. For example, interspecies differences are considerable, 49 anthers are noted in Aquilegia vulgaris, 70 anthers in Ranunculus lanuginosus, 120 in Adonis vernalis. A significant intra-species differences’ in the number of anthers are also noted (e.g. 41 to 61 in Aquilegia vulgaris, 23-45 in Ranunculus cassubicus. Pollen production can be up to 62 kg per ha for Ranunculus acer

Legislación española sobre investigación biomédica en terapia celular: análisis bioético a través del método de Elio Sgreccia.

OpenAIRE

Del Castillo Díez, María

2015-01-01

El ser humano ha buscado siempre una solución contra el sufrimiento. A pesar de formar parte intrínseca de su vida, sigue sin aceptar el dolor, la enfermedad ni tampoco la muerte.En los últimos años la medicina y la biología se han unido en una lucha sin cuartel contra las enfermedades y la muerte, desarrollando una serie de técnicas e investigaciones (la clonación, las investigaciones biomédicas con células troncales o las terapias celulares y génicas) que han marcado un hito en el desarroll...

Sincronización del ciclo celular en una línea celular modelo para ensayo de gene targeting

OpenAIRE

Velázquez Gómez, Miguel

2014-01-01

La terapia génica es una campo de la biomedicina que incluye distintas técnicas orientadas a la cura de enfermedades basadas en errores en el genoma, ya sea por ausencia del gen o por pérdida de su función, a través del envío del material genético corrector (RNA, DNA) al interior de células diana, en las cuales se integra y corrige el fallo. La terapia génica puede orientarse al tratamiento de células germinales o somáticas. La modificación genética de células destinadas a generar espermat...

Terapia floral em gatos domésticos (Felis catus, Linnaeus, 1758 portadores do complexo da doença respiratória felina: estudo clínico e hematológico Flower therapy in domestic cats (Felis catus, Linnaeus, 1758 with feline respiratory disease complex: clinical and hematological study

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R.F. Araújo

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A terapia floral é considerada, atualmente, prática médica alternativa utilizada em diversas situações clínicas, constituindo possibilidade a mais de prevenção e cura de muitas doenças de natureza física e emocional. Este estudo objetivou pesquisar o efeito das essências do Sistema Brasileiro de Florais Compostos de Joel Aleixo num mesmo grupo de gatos domésticos com sinais clínicos sugestivos de Doença Respiratória Felina (DRF, tratados em diferentes momentos (M0, M1, M2, M3. Foram utilizados 20 gatos domésticos, de ambos os sexos, sem raça definida, com idade média de 5,63 ± 3,02 anos criados em gatil na UFRPE. Os animais foram submetidos ao tratamento com os florais por via oral em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa com os florais Desintus Total e Helminthus Total por 14 dias, e na segunda etapa com os florais Antibius e Regius por 28 dias. Os resultados observados, quanto aos aspectos clínicos, foram redução de secreção nasal, secreção ocular e estertores pulmonares; desaparecimento de sinais clínicos como fezes alteradas, úlceras na cavidade oral, pêlos eriçados e permanência da hipertrofia dos linfonodos. Quanto aos aspectos hematológicos houve interferência nas variáveis relacionadas ao hemograma (hemoglobina, VCM, CHCM, leucócitos, linfócitos e monócitos. Conclui-se que a terapia floral mostrou-se eficaz em gatos domésticos com sinais sugestivos de DRF criados nas mesmas condições de manejo.Flower therapy is currently considered an alternative medical practice used in several clinical situations, providing another way to prevent and cure many diseases of physical and emotional nature. This study aimed to investigate the effect of essences of the Brazilian Compound Flower System of Joel Aleixo in one same group of domestic cats showing suggestive clinical signs of Feline Respiratory Disease (FRD, treated in different moments (M0, M1, M2, M3. Twenty domestic cats, males and females, of mixed breed, with

Microbial diversity in the floral nectar of seven Epipactis (Orchidaceae) species

Science.gov (United States)

Jacquemyn, Hans; Lenaerts, Marijke; Tyteca, Daniel; Lievens, Bart

2013-01-01

Abstract Floral nectar of animal-pollinated plants is commonly infested with microorganisms, yet little is known about the microorganisms inhabiting the floral nectar of orchids. In this study, we investigated microbial communities occurring in the floral nectar of seven Epipactis (Orchidaceae) species. Culturable bacteria and yeasts were isolated and identified by partially sequencing the small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene, respectively. Using three different culture media, we found that bacteria were common inhabitants of the floral nectar of Epipactis. The most widely distributed bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in nectar of Epipactis were representatives of the family of Enterobacteriaceae, with an unspecified Enterobacteriaceae bacterium as the most common. In contrast to previous studies investigating microbial communities in floral nectar, very few yeast species (mainly of the genus Cryptococcus) were observed, and most of them occurred in very low densities. Total OTU richness (i.e., the number of bacterial and yeast OTUs per orchid species) varied between 4 and 20. Cluster analysis revealed that microbial communities of allogamous species differed from those of autogamous and facultatively autogamous species. This study extends previous efforts to identify microbial communities in floral nectar and indicates that the floral nectar of the orchids investigated mainly contained bacterial communities with moderate phylogenetic diversity. PMID:23836678

Transcriptional signatures of ancient floral developmental genetics in avocado (Persea americana; Lauraceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Chanderbali, André S; Albert, Victor A; Leebens-Mack, Jim; Altman, Naomi S; Soltis, Douglas E; Soltis, Pamela S

2009-06-02

The debate on the origin and evolution of flowers has recently entered the field of developmental genetics, with focus on the design of the ancestral floral regulatory program. Flowers can differ dramatically among angiosperm lineages, but in general, male and female reproductive organs surrounded by a sterile perianth of sepals and petals constitute the basic floral structure. However, the basal angiosperm lineages exhibit spectacular diversity in the number, arrangement, and structure of floral organs, whereas the evolutionarily derived monocot and eudicot lineages share a far more uniform floral ground plan. Here we show that broadly overlapping transcriptional programs characterize the floral transcriptome of the basal angiosperm Persea americana (avocado), whereas floral gene expression domains are considerably more organ specific in the model eudicot Arabidopsis thaliana. Our findings therefore support the "fading borders" model for organ identity determination in basal angiosperm flowers and extend it from the action of regulatory genes to downstream transcriptional programs. Furthermore, the declining expression of components of the staminal transcriptome in central and peripheral regions of Persea flowers concurs with elements of a previous hypothesis for developmental regulation in a gymnosperm "floral progenitor." Accordingly, in contrast to the canalized organ-specific regulatory apparatus of Arabidopsis, floral development may have been originally regulated by overlapping transcriptional cascades with fading gradients of influence from focal to bordering organs.

Asistencia ventricular izquierda para terapia de destino: primera experiencia en septuagenarios

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Sebastian V. Rojas

2016-10-01

Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados iniciales demuestran que el implante mínimamente invasivo de DAVI puede ser realizado de manera eficaz, segura y con buenos resultados en pacientes septuagenarios terapia de destino. Los bajos niveles de eventos adversos durante el seguimiento por 2 años demuestran que la terapia de destino puede ser realizada incluso en pacientes septuagenarios.

Uso de terapias complementares por mães em seus filhos: estudo em um hospital universitário Use of complementary therapies by mothers in their children: study at an university hospital

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Luiza Borges Gentil

2010-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a utilização de terapias complementares (TC por mães em seus filhos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo. Foram entrevistadas 202 mães de crianças assistidas em um hospital universitário. As variáveis analisadas foram: uso de terapias complementares/motivos para tal, tipos de terapias utilizadas, sua finalidade, seus efeitos, revelação ao médico/motivos para tal e reação do médico. A prevalência de uso de terapias complementares foi 87,6%. De 177 mães que utilizavam TC, muitas mencionaram mais de um tipo, sendo: chás (72,8%, benzimento (41%, simpatias (12,9%, remédios/xaropes caseiros (8,4%, oração/promessa (7,4%, homeopatia (4,0%, tratamento espiritual/parapsicológico (4,0%, mistura de substâncias desconhecidas/garrafada (3%, massagem (2% e reiki/florais (1,5%. As ervas mais utilizadas foram erva-doce (16,7%, camomila (14,8% e hortelã (10,9%; 57,6% das mães não informaram o uso ao médico. Dos 499 tratamentos empregados, houve percepção de melhora em 429 (86% e relato de dois casos de efeitos adversos. A prevalência do uso de terapias complementares foi alta, sendo os chás a terapia mais utilizada e erva-doce, camomila e hortelã as ervas mais usadas. Houve percepção de melhora na maioria das terapias usadas.The objective of this article is to evaluate the use of complementary therapies by mothers in their children. A cross-sectional and descriptive study with 202 mothers of children that attended an University Hospital were interviewed. The variables analyzed were: use of complementary therapies/reasons, therapies used its purpose, effects, doctor's revelation/reasons and doctor's reaction. The prevalence of complementary therapies use was of 87.6%. Among the 177 mothers that used complementary therapies, many mentioned more than one kind, as follow: teas (72.8%, blessings (41%, sympathies (12.9%, homemade remedies/syrups (8.4%, prayer/promises (7.4%, homeopathy (4

Floral nectar guide patterns discourage nectar robbing by bumble bees.

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Anne S Leonard

Full Text Available Floral displays are under selection to both attract pollinators and deter antagonists. Here we show that a common floral trait, a nectar guide pattern, alters the behavior of bees that can act opportunistically as both pollinators and as antagonists. Generally, bees access nectar via the floral limb, transporting pollen through contact with the plant's reproductive structures; however bees sometimes extract nectar from a hole in the side of the flower that they or other floral visitors create. This behavior is called "nectar robbing" because bees may acquire the nectar without transporting pollen. We asked whether the presence of a symmetric floral nectar guide pattern on artificial flowers affected bumble bees' (Bombus impatiens propensity to rob or access nectar "legitimately." We discovered that nectar guides made legitimate visits more efficient for bees than robbing, and increased the relative frequency of legitimate visits, compared to flowers lacking nectar guides. This study is the first to show that beyond speeding nectar discovery, a nectar guide pattern can influence bees' flower handling in a way that could benefit the plant.

Floral Nectar Guide Patterns Discourage Nectar Robbing by Bumble Bees

Science.gov (United States)

Leonard, Anne S.; Brent, Joshua; Papaj, Daniel R.; Dornhaus, Anna

2013-01-01

Floral displays are under selection to both attract pollinators and deter antagonists. Here we show that a common floral trait, a nectar guide pattern, alters the behavior of bees that can act opportunistically as both pollinators and as antagonists. Generally, bees access nectar via the floral limb, transporting pollen through contact with the plant’s reproductive structures; however bees sometimes extract nectar from a hole in the side of the flower that they or other floral visitors create. This behavior is called “nectar robbing” because bees may acquire the nectar without transporting pollen. We asked whether the presence of a symmetric floral nectar guide pattern on artificial flowers affected bumble bees’ (Bombus impatiens) propensity to rob or access nectar “legitimately.” We discovered that nectar guides made legitimate visits more efficient for bees than robbing, and increased the relative frequency of legitimate visits, compared to flowers lacking nectar guides. This study is the first to show that beyond speeding nectar discovery, a nectar guide pattern can influence bees’ flower handling in a way that could benefit the plant. PMID:23418475

Alterações metabólicas, terapia antirretroviral e doença cardiovascular em idosos portadores de HIV Alteraciones metabólicas, terapia antirretroviral y enfermedad cardiovascular en adultos mayores portadores de VIH Metabolic abnormalities, antiretroviral therapy and cardiovascular disease in elderly patients with HIV

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Andréa Sebben Kramer

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Um dos fenômenos mais atuais da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS é o surgimento de uma nova população vulnerável: os idosos. Um dos fatores responsáveis por este aumento é o desenvolvimento da terapia antirretroviral combinada (TARV, que tem proporcionado uma melhor qualidade e expectativa de vida do portador de HIV. Entretanto, a TARV está associada a efeitos adversos como dislipidemia, diabete melito e resistência à insulina, os quais se constituem como fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular. Com o impacto da TARV no metabolismo glicídico e lipídico, surgiram muitos estudos associando a infecção pelo HIV e a doença cardiovascular, assim como, os seus fatores de risco e a utilização da TARV, porém, poucos deles relatam sobre a cardiotoxicidade desta Terapia em idosos. Este artigo tem o objetivo de revisar as principais alterações metabólicas causadas pelo uso da terapia antirretroviral e o seu impacto no aumento do risco de doenças cardiovasculares nos idosos portadores de HIV.Uno de los fenómenos más actuales del síndrome de la inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA es el surgimiento de una nueva población vulnerable: los adultos mayores. Uno de los factores responsables de este incremento es el desarrollo de la terapia antirretroviral combinada (TARV, que ha proporcionado una mejor calidad y expectativa de vida del portador de VIH. Sin embargo, la TARV está asociada a efectos adversos como dislipidemia, diabetes melito y resistencia a la insulina, los que se constituyen como factores de enfermedad para riesgo cardiovascular. Con el impacto de la TARV en el metabolismo glucídico y lipídico, surgieron muchos estudios asociando la infección por el riesgo y la enfermedad cardiovascular, así como, sus factores de VIH y la utilización de la TARV, sin embargo, pocos de ellos relatan sobre la cardiotoxicidad de esta terapia en adultos mayores. Este artículo tiene por objeto revisar las principales

Circadian rhythms in floral scent emission

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Myles eFenske

2016-04-01

Full Text Available To successfully recruit pollinators, plants often release attractive floral scents at specific times of day to coincide with pollinator foraging. This timing of scent emission is thought to be evolutionarily beneficial to maximize resource efficiency while attracting only useful pollinators. Temporal regulation of scent emission is tied to the activity of the specific metabolic pathways responsible for scent production. Although floral volatile profiling in various plants indicated a contribution by the circadian clock, the mechanisms by which the circadian clock regulates timing of floral scent emission remained elusive. Recent studies using two species in the Solanaceae family provided initial insight into molecular clock regulation of scent emission timing. In Petunia hybrida, the benzenoid/phenylpropanoid (FVBP pathway is the major metabolic pathway that produces floral volatiles. Three MYB-type transcription factors, ODORANT1 (ODO1, EMISSION OF BENZENOIDS I (EOBI, and EOBII, all of which show diurnal rhythms in mRNA expression, act as positive regulators for several enzyme genes in the FVBP pathway. Recently, in P. hybrida and Nicotiana attenuata, homologs of the Arabidopsis clock gene LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY have been shown to have a similar role in the circadian clock in these plants, and to also determine the timing of scent emission. In addition, in P. hybrida, PhLHY directly represses ODO1 and several enzyme genes in the FVBP pathway during the morning as an important negative regulator of scent emission. These findings facilitate our understanding of the relationship between a molecular timekeeper and the timing of scent emission, which may influence reproductive success.

Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics, and floral reproductive isolation among closely related species of Pedicularis.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Ya-Nan; Li, Yan; Yang, Fu-Sheng; Wang, Xiao-Quan

2016-02-01

Floral nectar is thought to be one of the most important rewards that attract pollinators in Pedicularis; however, few studies have examined variation of nectary structure and/or nectar secretion in the genus, particularly among closely related species. Here we investigated nectary morphology, nectar quality, and nectar production dynamics in flowers of Pedicularis section Cyathophora. We found a conical floral nectary at the base of the ovary in species of the rex-thamnophila clade. Stomata were found on the surface of the nectary, and copious starch grains were detected in the nectary tissues. In contrast, a semi-annular nectary was found in flowers of the species of the superba clade. Only a few starch grains were observed in tissues of the semi-annular nectary, and the nectar sugar concentration in these flowers was much lower than that in the flowers of the rex-thamnophila clade. Our results indicate that the floral nectary has experienced considerable morphological, structural, and functional differentiation among closely related species of Pedicularis. This could have affected nectar production, leading to a shift of the pollination mode. Our results also imply that variation of the nectary morphology and nectar production may have played an important role in the speciation of sect. Cyathophora. © 2015 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Floral structure and ontogeny of Syndiclis (Lauraceae.

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Gang Zeng

Full Text Available Generic delimitation in the Beilschmiedia group of the Lauraceae remains ambiguous because flowering specimens of a few genera with confined distribution are poorly represented in herbaria, and a few floral characters important for taxonomy are still poorly known. Syndiclis is sporadically distributed in southwestern China, and is represented in the herbaria by only a few flowering specimens. We conducted field investigations to collect floral materials of four species and observed structures and ontogeny of the tiny flowers using both light microscopy (LM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM. The results show that the genus Syndiclis possesses flowers with huge variation in both merosity and organ number. Flowers of the genus are dimerous, trimerous, or tetramerous, or have mixed merosity with monomerous and dimerous, or dimerous and trimerous, or trimerous and tetramerous whorls. The number of staminodes ranges from two to eight, depending on floral merosity, and on how many stamens of the third androecial whorl are reduced to staminodes. The staminodes of the fourth androecial whorl are comparable to the staminodes in Potameia, but the staminodes of the third androecial whorl of Syndiclis are relatively larger than the staminodes in Potameia. They are erect or curved inwards, covering the ovary. The anthers are usually two-locular, but rarely one-locular or three-locular. Each stamen of the third androecial whorl bears two conspicuous and enlarged glands at the base. The lability of floral merosity and organ number of Syndiclis may have been caused by changes of pollination system and loss of special selective pressures that are present in most Lauraceous plants with fixed floral organ number. This study furthers our understanding of variation and evolution of a few important characters of the Beilschmiedia group and provides essential data for a revised generic classification of the group.

How scent and nectar influence floral antagonists and mutualists.

Science.gov (United States)

Kessler, Danny; Kallenbach, Mario; Diezel, Celia; Rothe, Eva; Murdock, Mark; Baldwin, Ian T

2015-07-01

Many plants attract and reward pollinators with floral scents and nectar, respectively, but these traits can also incur fitness costs as they also attract herbivores. This dilemma, common to most flowering plants, could be solved by not producing nectar and/or scent, thereby cheating pollinators. Both nectar and scent are highly variable in native populations of coyote tobacco, Nicotiana attenuata, with some producing no nectar at all, uncorrelated with the tobacco's main floral attractant, benzylacetone. By silencing benzylacetone biosynthesis and nectar production in all combinations by RNAi, we experimentally uncouple these floral rewards/attractrants and measure their costs/benefits in the plant's native habitat and experimental tents. Both scent and nectar increase outcrossing rates for three, separately tested, pollinators and both traits increase oviposition by a hawkmoth herbivore, with nectar being more influential than scent. These results underscore that it makes little sense to study floral traits as if they only mediated pollination services.

Princípios de terapia génica

OpenAIRE

Reverter Velasco, Naiara

2016-01-01

Podríamos definir la terapia génica como la introducción de un gen foráneo en el ser humano con fines terapéuticos. La terapia génica comenzó a ser utilizada en el ser humano a principios de los años 90 y en los últimos años ha empezado a dar sus frutos. Se trata de un tratamiento principalmente experimental, aunque ya han comenzado a comercializarse algunos de sus productos. Este campo de la investigación ha generado y aún genera mucha controversia, generalmente por incomprensión de los prin...

Pollen diversity, viability and floral structure of some Musa genotypes

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Pollen diversity, viability and floral structure of some Musa genotypes. ... This experiment was designed to study the floral structure, pollen morphology and the potential pollen viability of five Musa genotypes obtained ... HOW TO USE AJOL.

Evaluación de la respuesta a la terapia de resincronización cardíaca en un grupo de pacientes que asisten a un programa de falla cardíaca

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Catalina Gallego Muñoz

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Introducción: la terapia de resincronización cardiaca es una de las estrategias de tratamiento actuales para pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca y función sistólica deprimida, que ha demostrado producir un alivio significativo en los síntomas, así como mejoría en la función ventricular izquierda y en la supervivencia a largo plazo. Objetivo: evaluar la respuesta a la terapia de resincronización cardíaca después de seis meses de seguimiento. Metodología: estudio observacional analítico de cohorte retrospectivo, con análisis anidado de casos y controles, en el que se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años pertenecientes a una clínica de falla cardíaca y que fueran portadores de un dispositivo de resincronización cardíaca. Se realizó análisis univariado de las características clínicas y ecocardiográficas y posteriormente un análisis bivariado a las variables relacionadas con la respuesta a la terapia. Resultados: se incluyeron 92 pacientes con historia de falla cardíaca e indicación de terapia de resincronización; el 32,6% de los pacientes tenían cardiopatía isquémica y el 67,4% no isquémica, con una fracción de eyección promedio de 18,9%. Durante el seguimiento a los 6 primeros meses no se presentó ningún caso de muerte ni de trasplante cardíaco. Se definieron como respondedores el 47,8% de los pacientes, en tanto que el 52,2% restante fue clasificado como no respondedores. El porcentaje de pacientes que no requirieron hospitalizaciones luego de la terapia fue del 51,1%, y el 65,2% mejoró la clase funcional y 68,5% la fracción de eyección. Conclusión: en el 47,8% de la población estudiada se observó una respuesta a la terapia de resincronización cardiaca adecuada evaluada de forma combinada con parámetros clínicos y ecocardiográficos, hecho que se tradujo en una mejoría relevante en términos de fracción de eyección y clase funcional, además de menor número de hospitalizaciones por

Aspectos histopatológicos y receptores hormonales en mucosa endometrial de mujeres posmenopáusicas con terapia hormonal

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Victoria Valer

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar si existe correlación directa entre la terapéutica hormonal administrada en mujeres posmenopaúsicas, el comportamiento de los receptores estrogénicos y progesterónicos en la mucosa endometrial y los cuadros histológicos más frecuentes de patologías endometriales secundarias al tratamiento. Material y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, longitudinal de 40 mujeres posmenopaúsicas entre los 43 y 60 años con síndrome climatérico, administrándoles 2 mg de 17 beta estradiol y 1 mg de acetato de noretisterona por día, en forma continua y por vía oral. Se realizó una biopsia endometrial basal y otra postratamiento al octavo mes. Las muestras fueron procesadas para estudio histopatológico e inmunohistoquímico para receptores estrogénicos y progesterónicos. Resultados: La menarquia se presentó a una edad promedio de 13,2 años y la menopausia fisiológica entre 42 y 52 años, con una edad promedio de 46,4 años. La sintomatología climatérica mejoró notablemente con la terapia hormonal. El estudio histopatológico de mucosa endometrial basal mostró 10% de hiperplasia simple y 90% de atrofia; postratamiento, todos los casos presentaron atrofia. Los receptores se expresaron en la mucosa endometrial basal: RE (+ 12,5%, RP (++ 12,5%; postratamiento RE (+ 2,5%, RE (+++ 2,5% y RP(+ 2,5%. Conclusiones: La terapia en dosis diarias vía oral de 2 mg de 17 beta estradiol y 1 mg de acetato de noretisterona disminuye la sintomatología climatérica y produce atrofia endometrial en las pacientes con hiperplasia previa. Existe disminución estadísticamente significativa entre la primera muestra basal y la del octavo mes de la expresión de receptores estrogénicos y progesterona.

Proyecto de factibilidad para la creación de un Centro de Estimulación y Terapia de Lenguaje para niños entre 1 y 5 años, ubicado en Sangolqui, cantón Rumiñahu, provincia Pichincha.

OpenAIRE

Salazar Álvarez, María Fernanda

2012-01-01

El realizar un proyecto de creación de un centro de estimulación y terapias de lenguaje es una iniciativa propia que nace a raíz de la experiencia de 7 años trabajando con niños de edad pre-escolar, en donde he podido evidenciar que un porcentaje considerable de niños presenta algunos problemas de lenguaje por lo tanto la necesidad que estos niños tienen de recibir estimulación y terapias de lenguaje extras a las que les podemos brindar en casa o en un centro infantil es fun...

Uso de inmunoglobulinas intravenosas en una paciente obstétrica con choque séptico: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura

OpenAIRE

Cuero-Vidal, Olga Lucía; Moreno-Sánchez, Diego Fernando; Torres-Bejarano, María del Mar; Moreno-Drada, Johana Alejandra

2016-01-01

RESUMEN Objetivo: Reportar el caso de una paciente obstétrica que desarrolló un shock séptico secundario a una infección gastrointestinal y el uso de inmunoglobulina endovenosa (IVIG) como terapia coadyuvante y hacer una revisión de la literatura publicada del uso de inmunoglobulinas en shock séptico con énfasis en su uso en el embarazo. Materiales y métodos: Se presenta el caso de una paciente con embarazo de 36 semanas, quien presentó un choque séptico secundario a una infección gastroi...

Estudio preliminar sobre el síndrome de Burnout y estrategias de afrontamiento en enfermeras de unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI)

OpenAIRE

Maricel Soledad Popp

2008-01-01

Dado que la enfermería es considerada una profesión altamente estresante y proclive a padecer el síndrome de burnout, los objetivos de este trabajo fueron medir el nivel de burnout en enfermeras de unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) ya que los profesionales que trabajan en estas unidades conforman un grupo de alto riesgo para desarrollar dicho síndrome, y determinar si el perfil de afrontamiento de las enfermeras difiere en función de los niveles de manifestación del burnout. Como inst...

Biología floral, sistema reproductivo y éxito reproductivo de Macroptilium fraternum (Fabaceae

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Patricia S. Hoc

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizaron observaciones de la biología floral y el sistema reproductivo de Macroptilium fraternum en dos poblaciones de la Argentina, con diferentes condiciones edáficas, localizadas en el extremo Sur del área de distribución de esta especie. En ambas poblaciones y en material de herbario de distintas procedencias se determinó la coexistencia en una misma planta de dos tipos florales: a flores cleistógamas preantesis y b flores pseudocleistógamas. Las flores cleistógamas preantesis con alas mayores de 5 mm, dispuestas en racimos pubescentes, erectos, expuestos sobre el nivel del follaje. La antesis duraba aproximadamente 5 horas en los días soleados y 9 horas en los días lluviosos, el ala derecha cubría al ala izquierda, adquiriendo la corola aspecto bilabiado, ofreciendo el ala izquierda como plataforma de aterrizaje; producían escasa cantidad de néctar (0.18 ± 0.13 µl y no recibieron visitas de polinizadores; aproximadamente cuatro horas después del inicio de la antesis en días soleados el ovario comenzaba a crecer; en el capullo, el estigma receptivo se encontraba cubierto con granos de polen de la misma unidad floral germinando. Las flores pseudocleistógamas con alas menores de 5 mm, dispuestas en racimos breves, hirsutos y postrados, no subterráneos como en otras especies de Macroptilium. El estandarte comenzaba a desplegarse exponiendo parcialmente las alas, el limbo del ala izquierda rodeaba la quilla y nunca se desplegaba; el ala derecha comenzaba a desplegarse y a los 2 segundos se replegaba y marchitaba, inmediatamente el ovario comenzaba a crecer; la flor no ofrecía ninguna superficie donde algún visitante pudiera posarse; en los capullos el estigma estaba receptivo y con los granos de polen de la misma unidad floral emitiendo sus tubos polínicos. El éxito reproductivo relativo fue bajo (polinización natural = 8%, autopolinización espontánea = 3%, debido probablemente a la baja viabilidad polínica, el

Modelo de intervención de Terapia Ocupacional Comunitaria con Personas Mayores en el Municipio de Alcobendas

OpenAIRE

Viedma, María José de

2014-01-01

V Jornadas de actualización en terapia ocupacional: Formación continuada en terapia ocupacional, celebradas en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos campus de Alcorcón en 2014. Fisioterapia, Terapia Ocupacional, Rehabilitación y Medicina Física

Floral visitors of Ananas comosus in Ghana: A preliminary assessment

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Peter Kwapong

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Ananas comosus var comosus (L. Merr. is the third most important tropical fruit in the world production and the leading foreign exchange earner among fresh fruits exported from Ghana. A survey was conducted in pineapple farms in the Central region of Ghana to identify floral visitors and their activities on the flowers. Nectar concentration and energetics and effect of floral visitors on fruit production were determined. Fourteen species of butterflies and one ant species were the main insect floral visitors as well as four species of sunbirds. The mean nectar concentration was 23.3% (± 0.39, SE and pollination limitation did not significantly affect fruit yield (weight: p = 0.285; length: p = 0.056; width: p= 0.268. The study showed that butterflies, ants and sunbirds are the main floral visitors on A. comosus. However their visits did not results in pollination and fruit production was not affected in any way by floral visitation. Still, it was found that A. comosus provides an important nectar resource for its foragers. Even if pollination is not crucial in pineapple cultivation, it is still essential in pineapple breeding programs to promote genetic diversity and conservation.

Determinación de una metodología a nivel Citogenético Aplicada a Brugmansia Sangulnea

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Alvarado de Coral Cecilia

1987-12-01

Full Text Available Teniendo en cuenta diferentes factores ambientales tales como: Temperatura, humedad, hora, así como el tamaño de los meristemos radicales y botones florales se logró establecer una metodología a nivel citogenético aplicable, con pequeñas variaciones, a cualquier tipo de planta. Se obtuvieron
preparaciones de células en estado metafásico cuyos cromosomas presentaron una buena diferenciación permitiendo evidenciar la posición del centrómero y así lograr un cariotipo e ideograma real en Brugmansía sangulnea.Working with Brugmansía sanguínea and bearing in mind environmental factors such as: Temperature, humidity time
and the size of radical meristemes and floral buas, a cytogenetical metodology was set up, usable with small varlations in any kind of plants in order to get clear cut metafasic
stages with well differentiated chromosomes where centromeres are easily located making easier to elaborate caryotypen and ideograms.

DANO OCUPACIONAL NA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATAL: A PERCEPÇÃO DA ENFERMEIRA

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MARIA ALVANI DIAS PEDROZA

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Se trata de estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo, con el objetivo de conocer la percepción de las enfermeras con respecto a la influencia del desempeño en la asistencia de enfermería y en el ambiente laboral. Tuvo por escenario la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN de una maternidad escuela, en Fortaleza-CE. Recogimos los datos entre agosto y septiembre de 2004 a través de un cuestionario estructurado en parte, aplicado a 24 enfermeras activas. Verificamos que la mayor concentración de enfermeras (un 37,5% pertenece al grupo de las que ya tienen entre uno a cinco años de trabajo y que 19 (un 79% de ellas poseen otro trabajo, sometidas a una altísima carga horaria. El exceso de trabajo, el estrés y el ruido son los factores que más incomodan en el local, desencadenando el exceso de actividades y cansancio físico. Concluimos que el estrés existente en esta unidad es lo que causa mayor daño a la práctica laboral. El hecho de que esto ocurra con mucha frecuencia nos plantea una reflexión sobre las consecuencias que aporta a la salud del profesional /cuidador, mostrándonos la necesidad de mejorar las condiciones de trabajo.

Costo-beneficio en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales

OpenAIRE

Rafael Amador Morán; Alberto Labrada Despaigne; Ana Campo González; Rosa Díaz Aguilar

2011-01-01

INTRODUCCIÓN. El Sistema Nacional de Salud de Cuba ha desarrollado un conjunto de reformas encaminadas a lograr una mayor eficiencia en la prestación de servicios, para preservar logros como la efectividad y la accesibilidad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los costos en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal del Hospital Ginecoobstétrico de Guanabacoa en el período de un año. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo del período de enero a diciembre del 2009. ...

Disruption of a belowground mutualism alters interactions between plants and their floral visitors.

Science.gov (United States)

Cahill, James F; Elle, Elizabeth; Smith, Glen R; Shore, Bryon H

2008-07-01

Plants engage in diverse and intimate interactions with unrelated taxa. For example, aboveground floral visitors provide pollination services, while belowground arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance nutrient capture. Traditionally in ecology, these processes were studied in isolation, reinforcing the prevailing assumption that these above- and belowground processes were also functionally distinct. More recently, there has been a growing realization that the soil surface is not a barrier to many ecological interactions, particularly those involving plants (who live simultaneously above and below ground). Because of the potentially large impact that mycorrhizae and floral visitors can have on plant performance and community dynamics, we designed an experiment to test whether these multi-species mutualisms were interdependent under field conditions. Using benomyl, a widely used fungicide, we suppressed AMF in a native grassland, measuring plant, fungal, and floral-visitor responses after three years of fungal suppression. AMF suppression caused a shift in the community of floral visitors from large-bodied bees to small-bodied bees and flies, and reduced the total number of floral visits per flowering stem 67% across the 23 flowering species found in the plots. Fungal suppression has species-specific effects on floral visits for the six most common flowering plants in this experiment. Exploratory analyses suggest these results were due to changes in floral-visitor behavior due to altered patch-level floral display, rather than through direct effects of AMF suppression on floral morphology. Our findings indicate that AMF are an important, and overlooked, driver of floral-visitor community structure with the potential to affect pollination services. These results support the growing body of research indicating that interactions among ecological interactions can be of meaningful effect size under natural field conditions and may influence individual performance

Nurses' work in intensive care units: feelings of suffering El trabajo del enfermero en una unidad de terapia intensiva: sentimientos de sufrimiento O trabalho do enfermeiro em unidade de terapia intensiva: sentimentos de sofrimento

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Júlia Trevisan Martins

2009-02-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to investigate the feelings of suffering that Intensive Care Unit (ICU nurses experience, and the strategies they use to face these feelings. It is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach and based on content analysis. The study used previous studies on Work Psychodynamics as complementary groundwork. Data collection occurred by means of semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed, categorized, and subcategorized. Results showed that suffering is related to: taking care of a young patient in critical condition, taking problems home, the patient's family, the team's work, and technology at work. As for the defense strategies used, emphasis is given to the search for strength in religion, promoting inter-relationships among team members, engaging in physical activity, and withdrawing from the patient.El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar los sentimientos de sufrimiento en el trabajo de enfermeros de una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva y las estrategias usadas para enfrentar esos sentimientos. Consiste en un estudio descriptivo, con abordaje cualitativo, teniendo como eje conductor el análisis de contenido y, como soporte complementar, los estudios de la Psicodinámica del Trabajo. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, transcritas, clasificados en categorías y subcategorías. Los resultados demostraron que las vivencias del sufrimiento están relacionadas con: el cuidar del paciente crítico joven, llevar los problemas para casa, la familia del paciente, el trabajo en equipo, la falta de reconocimiento del trabajo realizado y la tecnología en el trabajo. Con relación a las estrategias defensivas utilizadas, se destaca la búsqueda de fuerzas en la religión, la promoción de relaciones entre los miembros del equipo, la realización de actividades físicas, y el alejarse del paciente.O presente estudo objetivou investigar os sentimentos de sofrimento no

Floral scent and pollinators of the holoparasite Pilostyles thurberi (Apodanthaceae

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Sedonia D Sipes

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Floral scent is likely important to the pollination of parasitic plants, despite that it has not been well-studied. We studied the pollination ecology of the North American stem holoparasite Pilostyles thurberi (Apodanthaceae at two field sites in Texas. To identify effective pollinators, we collected floral visitors to P. thurberi flowers, observed their foraging behavior, and looked for P. thurberi pollen on their bodies. Augochloropsis metallica bees (Halictidae and eumenine potter wasps (Vespidae were pollinators. P. thurberi flowers are visually inconspicuous but produce a strong fruity fragrance. GC/MS analysis of whole floral extracts and dynamic headspace samples revealed the fragrance to be an unusually simple bouquet of raspberry ketone and several eugenols. Comparison of scent profiles to those from uninfected host plants (Dalea formosa allowed putative separation of parasite and host volatiles. This is the first report of the constituents of floral fragrance in Apodanthaceae.

UFO in the Arabidopsis inflorescence apex is required for floral-meristem identity and bract suppression.

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Hepworth, Shelley R; Klenz, Jennifer E; Haughn, George W

2006-03-01

The UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO) gene of Arabidopsis encodes an F-box protein required for the determination of floral-organ and floral-meristem identity. Mutation of UFO leads to dramatic changes in floral-organ type which are well-characterized whereas inflorescence defects are more subtle and less understood. These defects include an increase in the number of secondary inflorescences, nodes that alternate between forming flowers and secondary inflorescences, and nodes in which a single flower is subtended by a bract. Here, we show how inflorescence defects correlate with the abnormal development of floral primordia and establish a temporal requirement for UFO in this process. At the inflorescence apex of ufo mutants, newly formed primordia are initially bract-like. Expression of the floral-meristem identity genes LFY and AP1 are confined to a relatively small adaxial region of these primordia with expression of the bract-identity marker FIL observed in cells that comprise the balance of the primordia. Proliferation of cells in the adaxial region of these early primordia is delayed by several nodes such that primordia appear "chimeric" at several nodes, having visible floral and bract components. However, by late stage 2 of floral development, growth of the bract generally ceases and is overtaken by development of the floral primordium. This abnormal pattern of floral meristem development is not rescued by expression of UFO from the AP1 promoter, indicating that UFO is required prior to AP1 activation for normal development of floral primordia. We propose that UFO and LFY are jointly required in the inflorescence meristem to both promote floral meristem development and inhibit, in a non-cell autonomous manner, growth of the bract.

Resultados del seguimiento de pacientes con Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo tratados con dos variantes de Terapia Cognitiva Follow-Up of patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder treated with two variants of Cognitive Therapy

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Ricardo Rodríguez Biglieri

2007-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta los resultados del seguimiento a 6 meses realizado a pacientes con trastorno obsesivo compulsivo en el marco del proyecto UBACyT P079. Para el estudio se utilizó un diseño de caso único (A-B con replicación directa entre sujetos. Ocho pacientes fueron asignados aleatoriamente a una de las dos condiciones de tratamiento ofrecidas: 1 Terapia centrada en exposición y Prevención de respuesta; 2 Terapia Metacognitiva. Dos de los pacientes en la primera condición abandonaron el tratamiento tras la tercera sesión. Los cuatro de la segunda condición finalizaron el protocolo establecido. Los resultados para ambos tipos de terapia muestran una mejoría significativa en la sintomatología obsesiva y depresiva tras su aplicación, resultados que se han mantenido estables en las evaluaciones de seguimiento, sugiriendo la utilidad clínica de ambas terapias. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas de los resultados y se sugieren nuevas líneas de investigación.The article presents the follow-up at six months of patients with obsessive compulsive disorder treated in the context of UBACyT project P079. A single case design (A-B between subjects with direct replication was used. Eight patients were randomly assigned to one of two different treatment conditions: 1 Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy (Ex/PR; 2 Metacognitive Therapy (MT. Two patients in the Ex/PR condition dropped out after the third session. There was no dropout of patients under MT condition. Outcomes from both kinds of treatment show a significant improvement in obsessive and depressive sympthomatology after the interventions. These findings were sustained at the follow- up evaluations, suggesting that both treatments may be of clinical utility. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, and further lines of investigation are outlined.

Floral biology of Stachytarpheta maximiliani Scham. (Verbenaceae and its floral visitors Biologia floral de Stachytarpheta maximiliani Scham. (Verbenaceae e seus visitantes florais

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Ivana de Freitas Barbola

2006-12-01

Full Text Available This study describes the reproductive system of Stachytarpheta maximiliani (Verbenaceae, including its floral biology, nectar and pollen availability and insect foraging patterns, identifying whose species act as pollinators. It was carried out in a Brazilian Atlantic rain forest site. Observations on the pollination biology of the Verbenaceae S. maximiliani indicate that their flowering period extends from September through May. Anthesis occurs from 5:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. and nectar and pollen are available during all the anthesis. Many species of beetles, hemipterans, flies, wasps, bees and butterflies visit their flowers, but bees and butterflies are the most frequent visitors. The flowers are generally small, gathered in dense showy inflorescences. A complex of floral characteristcs, such as violet-blue color of flowers, long floral tubes, without scents, nectar not exposed, high concentration of sugar in nectar (about 32%, allowed identification of floral syndromes (melittophily and psicophily and function for each visitor. The bees, Bombus morio, B. atratus, Trigonopedia ferruginea, Xylocopa brasilianorum and Apis mellifera and the butterflies Corticea mendica mendica, Corticea sp., Vehilius clavicula, Urbanus simplicius, U. teleus and Heraclides thoas brasiliensis, are the most important pollinators.Este estudo descreve alguns aspectos do sistema reprodutivo de Stachytarpheta maximiliani (Verbenaceae, incluindo características da flor, disponibilidade de néctar e pólen e o padrão de forrageio dos insetos visitantes florais, em uma área de Floresta Atlântica, no sul do Brasil. Observações sobre sua biologia floral indicam que esta espécie tem um período de floração que se estende de setembro a maio, antese diurna (das 5:30h às 17:00h e oferta de néctar e pólen praticamente durante todo o período de antese. Suas flores são visitadas por diferentes espécies de coleópteros, dípteros, hemípteros, himenópteros e lepid

Ontogeny of floral organs in flax (Linum usitatissimum; Linaceae).

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Schewe, Lauren C; Sawhney, Vipen K; Davis, Arthur R

2011-07-01

Flax (Linum usitatissimum) is an important crop worldwide; however, a detailed study on flower development of this species is lacking. Here we describe the pattern of initiation and a program of key developmental events in flax flower ontogeny. This study provides important fundamental information for future research in various aspects of flax biology and biotechnology. Floral buds and organs were measured throughout development and examined using scanning electron microscopy. Floral organs were initiated in the following sequence: sepals, stamens and petals, gynoecium, and nectaries. The five sepals originated in a helical pattern, followed evidently by simultaneous initiation of five stamens and five petals, the former opposite of the sepals and the latter alternate to them. The gynoecium, with five carpels, was produced from the remaining, central region of the floral apex. Stamens at early stages were dominated by anther growth but filaments elongated rapidly shortly before anthesis. Early gynoecium development occurred predominantly in the ovary, and ovule initiation began prior to enclosure of carpels. A characteristic feature was the twisted growth of styles, accompanied by the differentiation of papillate stigmas. Petal growth lagged behind that of other floral organs, but petals eventually grew rapidly to enclose the inner whorls after style elongation. Flask-shaped nectaries bearing stomata developed on the external surface of the filament bases. This is the first detailed study on flax floral organ development and has established a key of 12 developmental stages, which should be useful to flax researchers.

Is floral structure a reliable indicator of breeding system in the Brassicaceae?

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Phillip A Salisbury

Full Text Available This study investigated the usefulness of floral characters as a potential indicator of breeding system in the Brassicaceae. Initially, pod set, seed set and pollen tube growth experiments were carried out to confirm the breeding systems of 53 lines representing 25 different cultivated and weedy species from the Brassicaceae. The results of the pod set tests clearly differentiated between self-compatible and self-incompatible species. Floral characters were then evaluated on one or more lines of each of the 25 species. Fourteen floral characters were evaluated including, flower diameter, Cruden's outcrossing index, timing and direction of dehiscence and pollen-ovule ratio. Significant differences between species were evident in all of the floral characteristics evaluated. Flower diameter was generally larger in self-incompatible species than self-compatible species and pollen/ovule ratio was generally higher in self-incompatible species than self-compatible species. However, none of the floral characteristics was able to clearly differentiate the self-compatible and self-incompatible species and allow prediction of the breeding system with absolute confidence. The floral characteristic which was most effective at differentiating the two groups was anther direction at dehiscence.

Análisis y terapia del comportamiento en chile: Orígenes, estado actual y proyecciones

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Pablo e. Vera-Villarroel

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo realiza una revisión sobre los orígenes, estado actual y proyecciones delanálisis del comportamiento y sus derivaciones en Chile. Su aplicación y entrenamiento sistemático se remonta a la parte final de la década de los sesenta, cuando Sergio Yulis introducela terapia conductual en los cursos de psicoterapia. Durante los primeros años se realizanvariadas aplicaciones tanto en área básica como aplicada. Durante el año 1973 muchosdocentes deben abandonar el país, produciéndose un retroceso en el avance de la disciplina.Actualmente la orientación es considerada como una de las escuelas fundamentales en laformación de los futuros psicólogos y otros profesionales de la salud aun cuando no se cuentecon la mayor preferencia entre la comunidad psicológica chilena. No existe ni en la formaciónni en el país en la actualidad la fuerte presencia del conductismo que existió a finales de lossetenta.

Floral associations of cyclocephaline scarab beetles.

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Moore, Matthew Robert; Jameson, Mary Liz

2013-01-01

The scarab beetle tribe Cyclocephalini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) is the second largest tribe of rhinoceros beetles, with nearly 500 described species. This diverse group is most closely associated with early diverging angiosperm groups (the family Nymphaeaceae, magnoliid clade, and monocots), where they feed, mate, and receive the benefit of thermal rewards from the host plant. Cyclocephaline floral association data have never been synthesized, and a comprehensive review of this ecological interaction was necessary to promote research by updating nomenclature, identifying inconsistencies in the data, and reporting previously unpublished data. Based on the most specific data, at least 97 cyclocephaline beetle species have been reported from the flowers of 58 plant genera representing 17 families and 15 orders. Thirteen new cyclocephaline floral associations are reported herein. Six cyclocephaline and 25 plant synonyms were reported in the literature and on beetle voucher specimen labels, and these were updated to reflect current nomenclature. The valid names of three unavailable plant host names were identified. We review the cyclocephaline floral associations with respect to inferred relationships of angiosperm orders. Ten genera of cyclocephaline beetles have been recorded from flowers of early diverging angiosperm groups. In contrast, only one genus, Cyclocephala, has been recorded from dicot flowers. Cyclocephaline visitation of dicot flowers is limited to the New World, and it is unknown whether this is evolutionary meaningful or the result of sampling bias and incomplete data. The most important areas for future research include: (1) elucidating the factors that attract cyclocephalines to flowers including floral scent chemistry and thermogenesis, (2) determining whether cyclocephaline dicot visitation is truly limited to the New World, and (3) inferring evolutionary relationships within the Cyclocephalini to rigorously test vicarance hypotheses

Úlcera venosa e terapia compressiva para enfermeiros: desenvolvimento de curso online Úlcera venosa y terapia compresiva para enfermeros: desarrollo de un curso online Venous ulcer and compression therapy for nurses: development of online course

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Fernanda Mateus Queiroz

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a elaboração de um curso on-line sobre úlcera venosa, com enfoque em terapia compressiva, para capacitação de enfermeiros. MÉTODOS: O desenvolvimento do curso on-line seguiu as fases de análise, design, desenvolvimento, implementação e avaliação, baseadas no design instrucional contextualizado. RESULTADOS: O curso dividiu-se em dez módulos estruturados no ambiente virtual de aprendizagem Moodle. Caracterizou-se por uma proposta construtivista, visando ampliar a participação do aluno, disponibilizar as principais referências, revisões e consensos, bem como utilizar objetos multimídia e recursos didáticos interativos. CONCLUSÃO: O curso possibilita a capacitação profissional do enfermeiro em terapia compressiva de maneira inovadora, flexível, interativa em diversos ambientes de cuidado.OBJETIVO: Describir la elaboración de un curso online sobre úlcera venosa, con enfoque en terapia compresiva, para la capacitación de enfermeros. MÉTODOS: El curso online se desarrolló siguiendo las fases de análisis, diseño, desarrollo, implementación y evaluación, basadas en el diseño instruccional contextualizado. RESULTADOS: El curso se dividió en diez módulos estructurados en el ambiente virtual de aprendizaje Moodle. Se caracterizó por una propuesta constructivista, pretendiendo ampliar la participación del alumno, poner a disposición las principales referencias, revisiones y consensos, así como utilizar objetos multimedia y recursos didácticos interactivos. CONCLUSIÓN: El curso permite la capacitación profesional del enfermero en terapia compresiva de manera innovadora, flexible, interactiva en diversos ambientes de cuidado.OBJECTIVE: To describe the development of an online course about venous ulcer, with a focus on compression therapy, for the educating of nurses. METHODS: The development of an online course followed the phases of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation, based

Segurança na terapia medicamentosa: uma revisão bibliográfica Seguridad en la terapia medicamentosa: una revisión bibliográfica Security in the medicine therapy: a bibliographical revision

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Anna Bianca Ribeiro Melo

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de revisão bibliográfica que objetivou analisar as publicações científicas de enfermeiros sobre erros no manejo da terapia medicamentosa realizada pela enfermagem, indexados em bancos de dados no período de 2000 a 2006. Foram pesquisadas as bibliotecas virtuais MedLine, Lilacs e Scielo. A amostra foi constituída por 16 publicações que foram analisadas quanto aos fatores de erro e propostas ou não de barreiras para erro. Destaca-se que estudos em relação a erros em medicação são relativamente recentes e poucos se referem à realidade brasileira. Entre os motivos apontados para a ocorrência de erros tem-se a ilegibilidade da letra do médico na prescrição, a carga de trabalho excessiva da enfermagem, interrupções freqüentes durante as etapas da prescrição e administração de medicamentos, número reduzido de funcionários e inexperiência do profissional de enfermagem que prepara a medicação. Três estudos apresentaram propostas de barreiras relacionadas à informatização do processo.Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de analizar las publicaciones de enfermeros acerca de errores con la terapia medicamentosa indexados en bancos de datos entre 2000 a 2006. La muestra consistió en 16 estudios que fueron analizados si presentaban los factores del error y si tenían propuestas de barreras para el error. Se ha visto que este tipo de estudio es reciente y que pocos hablan de la realidad brasilera. Entre las causas de error están la letra del médico, la cantidad de trabajo de los enfermeros, inter r upciones frecuentes, número pequeño de profesionales de enfermería y la inexperiencia de quien prepara la medicación. Tres estudios han hablado de barreras a los errores relacionadas a la informatización.It is a bibliographical revision that objectified to analyze scientific publications of nurses on, errors in the handling of the medicine therapy, carried through for the nursing, indexded in

Tendencias actuales y futuras de la terapia de familias

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Francisco Almagro Domínguez

1996-06-01

Full Text Available Se exponen brevemente la situación actual y las perspectivas de la terapia familiar a partir de la información obtenida en el Séptimo Congreso de IFTA (International Family Therapy Association, celebrado en Guadalajara, México, en Octubre de 1995. Los criterios actuales abarcan desde el ciclo vital y las técnicas nuevas, hasta el tratamiento familiar del SIDA y el cáncer. El futuro se considera, en general, promisorio para estas terapias. Se habla de relacionar diagnósticos, enseñanza integrada a planes de estudio y entrenamiento de personal comunitario; todo ello como perspectiva de la terapia de familiasThe present situation and the outlooks of family therapy based on the information obtained at the 7th Congress of the International Family Therapy Association, held in Guadalajara, Mexico, in October, 1995, are briefly explained. New criteria embrace from the vital cycle and the new techniques to the family treatment of AIDS and cancer. In general, the future is considered as promising for these therapies. It is talked about relating diagnoses, integrating teaching to curricula, and training community personal; all of it as a prospect of family therapy.

Tratamiento de necrosis plantar postsepsis neumocóccica con terapia V.A.C.® Treatment of post-pneumococcal plantar necrosis with VAC® therapy

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E. Guisantes

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La terapia VAC® es un dispositivo que favorece la curación de las heridas mediante un sistema cerrado que aplica presión negativa sobre el lecho. Este tratamiento favorece la cicatrización porque reduce el edema y el líquido intersticial, mejora la microcirculación, disminuye el riesgo de infección y favorece la granulación del tejido. Presentamos un caso clínico de un varón de 31 años con un defecto amplio plantar tras necrosis distal por sepsis neumocóccica. Tras 20 días de terapia VAC® la granulación fue adecuada y permitió la cobertura del defecto con un injerto de piel. La terapia VAC® es una opción útil para la reconstrucción de defectos plantares amplios de forma sencilla.VAC® Therapy is a device that lets promote wound healing through a closed system that applies negative pressure on the wound bed. This treatment promotes healing by reducing edema and interstitial fluid, improving microcirculation, reducing the risk of infection and promoting tissue granulation. We report the case of a 31 year old man with a large plantar defect due to distal necrosis after pneumococcal sepsis. After 20 days of VAC® therapy, the granulation was adequate and allowed the coverage of the defect with a skin graft. VAC® therapy is a useful and simple option for reconstruction of broad plantar defects.

Terapias complementarias en los cuidados: Humor y risoterapia Complementary therapies in the cares: humour and laugh

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M. Carmen Ruiz Gómez

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Dentro de las terapias complementarias, la utilización de la risoterapia aporta beneficios tanto en la salud como en las situaciones de enfermedad, siendo un "instrumento de cuidados" barato y sin efectos secundarios. La tendencia actual hacia todo lo natural, las corrientes sobre cuidados de salud de las distintas culturas, unidas a las recomendaciones de la OMS a los enfermeros sobre la necesidad de utilizar los "métodos tradicionales y complementarios" para conseguir mejorar la salud de la población, hacen que la risoterapia sea una alternativa como instrumento opcional de cuidados. Planteamos una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de conocer la aplicación de la risoterapia en la salud y más concretamente en los cuidados enfermeros. Del análisis de los resultados podemos concretar que la risa se trabaja en diferentes ámbitos profesionales, no sólo en el sanitario. Es en el campo de la comunicación donde más se divulga esta terapia. Hemos encontrado pocas publicaciones de enfermería, pero muy valiosas ya que trabajan en el terreno de la investigación y de la docencia. Sería interesante que los profesionales de enfermería utilizaran esta terapia que mejora la calidad de los cuidados y ofrece un campo independiente propicio para la investigación.Related to complementary therapies, humour and laugh contribute to enhance health status and diminish illness situations. Humour as a therapy is an inexpensive tool in the patient care and it has not secondary effects in most cases. Current tendencies, either about natural ways to health or believes on health care of popular cultures, and who recommendations to patients in the use of traditional and complementary methods to improve population health, make humour and laugh an alternative therapy as an optional care tool. We have reviewed the literature with the aim of recognize the application of humour therapy on health and more specifically on nurse cares.On the basis of the review

Costo-beneficio de la terapia en ambiente húmedo versus terapia tradicional: el caso de un paciente con úlcera en la extremidad inferior

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Blanca Lilia Reyes-Rocha

Full Text Available Actualmente, ha cobrado relevancia el uso de la terapia húmeda en la cura de las heridas crónicas; sin embargo, persiste el uso de la terapia tradicional como técnica para lograr la cicatrización de las mismas. El caso que presentamos tiene como propósito determinar el costo-beneficio del empleo de apósitos de cura en ambiente húmedo versus cura tradicional en un paciente con úlcera en la extremidad inferior. Los resultados muestran que el coste es mayor con la terapia en ambiente húmedo; sin embargo, el periodo de cicatrización de la herida es menor en comparación con el tiempo de cicatrización que conlleva la cura tradicional; esto redunda en un beneficio para el paciente al alcanzar su recuperación en un menor tiempo. Estos hallazgos permiten proponer hipótesis para estudios posteriores bajo otro diseño metodológico, a fin de generar evidencia científica que coadyuve en la mejora de los procesos de atención en beneficio de la población con este tipo de padecimiento.

Floral anatomy of Delphinieae (Ranunculaceae: comparing flower organization and vascular patterns

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Andrew V. Novikoff

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Species of the tribe Delphinieae have dorsoventralized flowers; their pentamerous calyx and reduced corolla are dorsally spurred and inner spurs are nectariferous. Based on this common floral scheme, Delphinieae species exhibit a wide diversity of floral structures and morphologies. We present here the first investigation of the floral anatomy in Delphinieae. The organization of the floral vascular system has been studied in species representative of the floral morphological diversity of Delphinieae: Aconitum lasiocarpum, Delphinium elatum, and Consolida regalis. The three species show a similar vascularization of the calyx and of the reproductive organs, but exhibit distinct anatomical features in the corolla where the nectaries are borne. The sepals and the stamens have a trilacunar three-traced and a unilacunar one-traced vascularization, respectively. Three free carpels in D. elatum and A. lasiocarpum are basically supplied by six vascular bundles – three independent dorsal bundles and three fused lateral bundles. In C. regalis the single carpel is supplied by three independent vascular bundles (one dorsal and two ventral. Staminodes are not vascularized. The basic type of petal vascularization is unilacunar one-traced, but in the case of C. regalis the derived bilacunar two-traced type has been observed. This latter state arose as a result of the fusion of the two dorsal petal primordia. The results of this first comparative study of the floral anatomy of Delphinieae are discussed with the recent phylogenetic, morphological, and evo-devo findings concerning the tribe.

Sobre la terapia génica para enfermedades de la retina.

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Fischer, M Dominik

2017-07-11

Las mutaciones en un gran número de genes provocan degeneración de la retina y ceguera sin que exista actualmente cura alguna. En las últimas décadas, la terapia génica para enfermedades de la retina ha evolucionado y se ha convertido en un nuevo y prometedor paradigma terapéutico para estas enfermedades poco comunes. Este artículo refleja las ideas y los conceptos que parten de la ciencia básica hacia la aplicabilidad de la terapia génica en el ámbito clínico. Se describen los avances y las reflexiones actuales sobre la eficacia de los ensayos clínicos en la actualidad y se discuten los posibles obstáculos y soluciones de cara al futuro de la terapia génica para enfermedades de la retina. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Capítulo 12. Dispositivos de asistencia ventricular: una realidad en Colombia

OpenAIRE

Echeverría, Luis E.; Salazar, Leonardo; Torres, Ángela; Figueredo, Antonio

2016-01-01

Introducción: La insuficiencia cardiaca es una de las causas prevalentes de morbimortalidad en el mundo. A pesar de la mejoría en la terapia médica y los dispositivos de estimulación cardiaca, existe un porcentaje de pacientes que progresan a falla cardiaca refractaria y sus opciones se reducen a inotrópicos, trasplante cardiaco y dispositivos de asistencia ventricular. Objetivo: Presentar las alternativas actuales de asistencia ventricular disponibles para los pacientes con falla cardiaca...

Floral humidity as a reliable sensory cue for profitability assessment by nectar-foraging hawkmoths.

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von Arx, Martin; Goyret, Joaquín; Davidowitz, Goggy; Raguso, Robert A

2012-06-12

Most research on plant-pollinator communication has focused on sensory and behavioral responses to relatively static cues. Floral rewards such as nectar, however, are dynamic, and foraging animals will increase their energetic profit if they can make use of floral cues that more accurately indicate nectar availability. Here we document such a cue--transient humidity gradients--using the night blooming flowers of Oenothera cespitosa (Onagraceae). The headspace of newly opened flowers reaches levels of about 4% above ambient relative humidity due to additive evapotranspirational water loss through petals and water-saturated air from the nectar tube. Floral humidity plumes differ from ambient levels only during the first 30 min after anthesis (before nectar is depleted in wild populations), whereas other floral traits (scent, shape, and color) persist for 12-24 h. Manipulative experiments indicated that floral humidity gradients are mechanistically linked to nectar volume and therefore contain information about energy rewards to floral visitors. Behavioral assays with Hyles lineata (Sphingidae) and artificial flowers with appropriate humidity gradients suggest that these hawkmoth pollinators distinguish between subtle differences in relative humidity when other floral cues are held constant. Moths consistently approached and probed flowers with elevated humidity over those with ambient humidity levels. Because floral humidity gradients are largely produced by the evaporation of nectar itself, they represent condition-informative cues that facilitate remote sensing of floral profitability by discriminating foragers. In a xeric environment, this level of honest communication should be adaptive when plant reproductive success is pollinator limited, due to intense competition for the attention of a specialized pollinator.

Floral humidity as a reliable sensory cue for profitability assessment by nectar-foraging hawkmoths

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von Arx, Martin; Goyret, Joaquín; Davidowitz, Goggy; Raguso, Robert A.

2012-01-01

Most research on plant–pollinator communication has focused on sensory and behavioral responses to relatively static cues. Floral rewards such as nectar, however, are dynamic, and foraging animals will increase their energetic profit if they can make use of floral cues that more accurately indicate nectar availability. Here we document such a cue—transient humidity gradients—using the night blooming flowers of Oenothera cespitosa (Onagraceae). The headspace of newly opened flowers reaches levels of about 4% above ambient relative humidity due to additive evapotranspirational water loss through petals and water-saturated air from the nectar tube. Floral humidity plumes differ from ambient levels only during the first 30 min after anthesis (before nectar is depleted in wild populations), whereas other floral traits (scent, shape, and color) persist for 12–24 h. Manipulative experiments indicated that floral humidity gradients are mechanistically linked to nectar volume and therefore contain information about energy rewards to floral visitors. Behavioral assays with Hyles lineata (Sphingidae) and artificial flowers with appropriate humidity gradients suggest that these hawkmoth pollinators distinguish between subtle differences in relative humidity when other floral cues are held constant. Moths consistently approached and probed flowers with elevated humidity over those with ambient humidity levels. Because floral humidity gradients are largely produced by the evaporation of nectar itself, they represent condition-informative cues that facilitate remote sensing of floral profitability by discriminating foragers. In a xeric environment, this level of honest communication should be adaptive when plant reproductive success is pollinator limited, due to intense competition for the attention of a specialized pollinator. PMID:22645365

Reproduction and survival of a solitary bee along native and exotic floral resource gradients.

Science.gov (United States)

Palladini, Jennifer D; Maron, John L

2014-11-01

Native bee abundance has long been assumed to be limited by floral resources. This paradigm has been established in large measure because more bees are often found in areas supporting greater floral abundance. This could result from attraction to resource-rich sites as well as greater local demographic performance in sites supporting high floral abundance; however, demographic performance is usually unknown. Factors other than floral resources such as availability of nest sites, pressure from natural enemies, or whether floral resources are from a mixed native or mostly monodominant exotic assemblage might influence survival or fecundity and hence abundance. We examined how the survival and fecundity of the native solitary bee Osmia lignaria varied along a gradient in floral resource abundance. We released bees alongside a nest block at 27 grassland sites in Montana (USA) that varied in floral abundance and the extent of invasion by exotic forbs. We monitored nest construction and the fate of offspring within each nest. The number of nests established was positively related to native forb abundance and was negatively related to exotic forb species richness. Fecundity was positively related to native forb species richness; however, offspring mortality caused by the brood parasite Tricrania stansburyi was significantly greater in native-dominated sites. These results suggest that native floral resources can positively influence bee populations, but that the relationship between native floral resources and bee population performance is not straightforward. Rather, bees may face a trade-off between high offspring production and low offspring survival in native-dominated sites.

Tratamiento de la fascitis necrosante por E. Coli mediante desbridamiento quirúrgico y terapia Vac®, a propósito de un caso Treatment of necrotizing fasciitis caused by E.Coli with surgical debridement and vacuum assisted therapy (Vac®, case report

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M. Silva Bueno

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La fascitis necrosante es una rara infección de tejidos blandos con una alta tasa de morbi-mortalidad. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 44 años diagnosticada de fascitis necrosante por E. coli en el contexto clínico de inmunosupresión por trasplante renal. Logramos un tratamiento exitoso mediante la asociación de desbridamiento quirúrgico, antibioticoterapia intravenosa y curas con terapia de presión negativa (VAC®, seguido de injertos autólogos de piel parcial. Remarcamos las ventajas clínicas de la terapia de presión negativa en el manejo y curación de heridas complejas.Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare soft tissue infection which presents a high rate of morbi-mortality. We describe the case of a 44 years old patient diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis caused by E. coli, in the context of immunosuppression due to renal transplantation. Successful treatment was achieved by combining surgical debridement, intravenous antibiotic treatment and vacuum assisted closure therapy (VAC® completed by autologous split skin grafts. We stress the clinical benefits of subatmospheric pressure therapy in the management and healing of complex wounds.

Tratamiento de la fascitis necrosante por E. Coli mediante desbridamiento quirúrgico y terapia Vac®: a propósito de un caso Treatment of necrotizing fasciitis caused by E.Coli with surgical debridement and vacuum assisted therapy (Vac®: case report

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M. Silva Bueno

2011-06-01

Full Text Available La fascitis necrosante es una rara infección de tejidos blandos con una alta tasa de morbi-mortalidad. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 44 años diagnosticada de fascitis necrosante por E. coli en el contexto clínico de inmunosupresión por trasplante renal. Logramos un tratamiento exitoso mediante la asociación de desbridamiento quirúrgico, antibioticoterapia intravenosa y curas con terapia de presión negativa (VAC®, seguido de injertos autólogos de piel parcial. Remarcamos las ventajas clínicas de la terapia de presión negativa en el manejo y curación de heridas complejas.Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare soft tissue infection which presents a high rate of morbi-mortality. We describe the case of a 44 years old patient diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis caused by E. coli, in the context of immunosuppression due to renal transplantation. Successful treatment was achieved by combining surgical debridement, intravenous antibiotic treatment and vacuum assisted closure therapy (VAC® completed by autologous split skin grafts. We stress the clinical benefits of subatmospheric pressure therapy in the management and healing of complex wounds.

Terapia ocupacional en medicina paliativa

OpenAIRE

Nicora, Yamila

2009-01-01

Terapia ocupacional interviene en el tratamiento de pacientes desde muy temprana edad (recién nacidos) hasta ancianos con déficit en el desempeño de alguna o todas las áreas ocupacionales: - Actividades de la vida diaria (AVD) básicas y personales - AVDI (instrumentales) - Educación - Trabajo - Juego - Ocio - Participación Social Se tienen en cuenta las habilidades de desempeño (motoras, de procesamiento...

Biologia floral de Virola surinamensis (Rol. Warb. (Myristicaceae Virola surinamensis (Rol. Warb. (Myristicaceae floral biology

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Mario Augusto Gonçalves Jardim

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo são apresentadas informações sobre a biologia floral de Virola surinamensis (Rol. Warb. (Myristicaceae, espécie florestal dióica de relevante importância econômica na região amazônica. O estudo foi realizado em uma área de várzea próximo à bacia do igarapé Murutucum, lado direito do rio Guamá, localizada no Campus da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias do Pará, na cidade de Belém, Estado do Pará, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2001. Avaliou-se a biologia floral desde o aparecimento dos botões florais até a senescência das flores estaminadas, bem como a formação de frutos nas flores pistiladas. Testes bioquímicos foram aplicados para verificação de odor, pigmentos, osmóforos e receptividade do estigma. A observação no comportamento dos visitantes florais foi realizada durante o período diurno, registrando-se os horários de visitas, tempo de permanência na flor e freqüência; alguns indivíduos foram coletados com rede entomológica e identificados no Departamento de Zoologia do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. A antese ocorreu entre 6 e 16 h nas flores estaminadas e entre 8 e 16 h nas flores pistiladas; a presença de odor foi constatada apenas nas flores estaminadas, enquanto os pigmentos e osmóforos foram encontrados em ambas as flores; o estigma mostrou-se receptivo no período entre 12 e 14 h. Os insetos da ordem diptera foram os visitantes mais freqüentes nas flores estaminadas e pistiladas e as espécies Copestylum sp. e Erystalys sp., as responsáveis pela polinização.Information was obtained on the floral biology of Virola surinamensis (Rol. Warb. (Myristicaceae, a dioecious arboreal species of great importance for the Amazon region economy. The study was carried out in the floodplain area near the Murucutu stream, on the right side of the Guamá River, at the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia-UFRA, Belém-Pará , from January to December 2001. Floral biology was assessed from

Bases científicas de la terapia de conducta: nuevas propuestas para un viejo problema

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Xavier Bornas

2002-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se revisa críticamente el recurrente tópico de las bases científicas de la Terapia de Conducta. Asumiendo que la investigación científica de la conducta es conveniente, si no necesaria, para el desarrollo tecnológico y aplicado, se propone tomar en consideración algunos conceptos relativamente nuevos de la Ciencia (por ejemplo, el de caos determinístico y utilizarlos, al menos tentativamente, para procurar obtener un conocimiento mejor de la complejidad de la conducta humana. La incorporación de aquellos conceptos abre una nueva perspectiva complementaria para el estudio de la conducta que se caracteriza por: (a conceder una importancia capital al cambio o flujo continuo de conducta y los procesos de retroalimentación del sistema, (b destacar, además de las relaciones lineales, las de tipo no lineal entre la conducta y el ambiente, y (c tener en cuenta la emergencia de nuevos patrones de comportamiento. Se discute también la necesidad de la investigación de laboratorio y el análisis de los datos así obtenidos.

Estudio clínico-patológico de los efectos de la terapia fotodinámica en pacientes con queratosis actínicas de cuero cabelludo

OpenAIRE

Ughelly Champey, Gabriel Enrique

2012-01-01

La terapia fotodinámica (TFD) es una innovadora modalidad para el tratamiento de distintos tipos de cáncer cutáneo no melanoma (CCNM), entre ellos, las queratosis aclínicas (QA). Presenta también evidencia de su efectividad para la aparición de lesiones malignas y premalignas, especialmente en pacientes trasplantados con tratamiento inmunosupresor. Objetivos: El presente trabajo persigue describir los cambios histológicos y moleculares que subyacen a este efecto preventivo. Para ello se es...

Pautas para el uso de terapia de vacío en el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica del Hospital La Fe en Valencia (España Use of vacuum therapy in the Plastic Surgery Department Hospital La Fe, Valencia (Spain

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A. Hortelano Otero

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El tratamiento de heridas complejas, con pérdida de sustancia importante o exposición de estructuras nobles, constituye una práctica diaria en la mayoría de los Servicios de Cirugía Plástica de referencia. A pesar de que el desbridamiento quirúrgico continúa siendo la terapia de elección para el tratamiento de heridas infectadas o con abundantes restos necróticos, el advenimiento de la terapia de vacío y las mejoras tecnológicas experimentadas por dicha terapia en la última década, hacen de su utilización una herramienta coadyuvante para el control del lecho quirúrgico, de los exudados de la herida y de la colonización bacteriana. Presentamos 9 casos clínicos de uso de terapia VAC® en el tratamiento de diversas patologías, tales como: dehiscencia esternal, grandes quemados, traumatismos de extremidades, etc. En todos ellos, esta terapia constituyó un pilar fundamental en el tratamiento de los pacientes facilitando el control del exudado de las heridas, la protección de estructuras nobles y mejorando la calidad de vida y el confort de los pacientes durante su estancia hospitalaria.Treatment of complex wounds that imply loss of substance or important anatomic structures exposure has a great relevance in Plastic Surgery Departments nowadays. Even though surgical debridement keeps on being the principal choice treatment in infected or necrotic wounds, VAC® therapy use and its new technology advances in the last decade, has allowed an option to control bacterial colonization, exudates and surgical wounds. We present 9 cases of vacuum therapy use for treatment of different pathologies such as sternum dehiscence, burned patients, extremities trauma, etc. In all these cases vacuum therapy has been essential in the management of exudates, protection of anatomic vital structures as well as to improve patient's quality of life during hospital stay.

Condition of cleanliness of surfaces close to patients in an intensive care unit Condiciones de limpieza de superficies próximas al paciente en una unidad de terapia intensiva Condições de limpeza de superfícies próximas ao paciente, em uma unidade de terapia intensiva

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Adriano Menis Ferreira

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Surface cleaning is a well-known control procedure against the dissemination of microorganisms in the hospital environment. This prospective study, carried out in an intensive care unit over the course of 14 days, describes the cleaning/disinfection conditions of four surfaces near patients. In total, 100 assessments of the surfaces were carried out after they were cleaned. Three methods were used to evaluate cleanliness: a visual inspection, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP bioluminescence assay and testing for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus/MRSA. Respectively, 20%, 80% and 16% of the assessments by the visual method, ATP and the presence of Staphylococcus aureus/MRSA failed. There were statistically significant differences (pLa limpieza de las superficies es reconocidamente una medida de control de la diseminación de microorganismos en el ambiente hospitalario. Este estudio prospectivo, realizado en una unidad de terapia intensiva, durante 14 días, tuvo como objetivo describir las condiciones de limpieza/desinfección de cuatro superficies próximas al paciente. Cien evaluaciones de las superficies fueron realizadas después del proceso de limpieza. Se utilizaron tres métodos para evaluar la limpieza: inspección visual, adenosín trifosfato (ATP bioluminiscencia y presencia de Staphylococcus aureus/MSRA. Respectivamente, 20%, 80% y 16% de las evaluaciones por los métodos: visual, ATP y presencia de Staphylococcus aureus/MSRA, fueron consideradas reprobadas. Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas (pA limpeza das superfícies é reconhecidamente medida de controle da disseminação de microrganismos no ambiente hospitalar. Este estudo prospectivo, realizado em uma unidade de terapia intensiva, durante 14 dias, teve como objetivo descrever as condições de limpeza/desinfecção de quatro superfícies próximas do paciente. Cem avaliações das superfícies foram realizadas ap

Dependency on floral resources determines the animals' responses to floral scents

OpenAIRE

Junker, Robert R; Blüthgen, Nico

2010-01-01

Animal-pollinated angiosperms either depend on cross-pollination or may also reproduce after self-pollination—the former are thus obligately, the latter facultatively dependent on the service of animal-pollinators. Analogously, flower visitors either solely feed on floral resources or complement their diet with these, and are hence dependent or not on the flowers they visit. We assume that obligate flower visitors evolved abilities that enable them to effectively forage on flowers including m...

Floral scents and their interaction with insect pollinators

OpenAIRE

Grajales-Conesa, Julieta; Meléndez-Ramírez, Virginia; Cruz-López, Leopoldo

2011-01-01

Las plantas emplean diversas señales visuales y olfativas con la finalidad de atraer a los polinizadores que en su mayoría son insectos. Algunas plantas han desarrollado mecanismos, basándose en mensajes olfativos que los hacen únicos para sus polinizadores específicos. Estos mecanismos, así como las variaciones intra- e interespecíficas en el perfil de los aromas florales han evolucionado para determinadas especies. Los aromas florales son un conjunto de compuestos volátiles orgánicos y para...

Self-pollination rate and floral-display size in Asclepias syriaca (Common Milkweed) with regard to floral-visitor taxa.

Science.gov (United States)

Howard, Aaron F; Barrows, Edward M

2014-06-23

Animals fertilize thousands of angiosperm species whose floral-display sizes can significantly influence pollinator behavior and plant reproductive success. Many studies have measured the interactions among pollinator behavior, floral-display size, and plant reproductive success, but few studies have been able to separate the effects of pollinator behavior and post-pollination processes on angiosperm sexual reproduction. In this study, we utilized the highly self-incompatible pollinium-pollination system of Asclepias syriaca (Common Milkweed) to quantify how insect visitors influenced male reproductive success measured as pollen removal, female reproductive success measured as pollen deposition, and self-pollination rate. We also determined how floral-display size impacts both visitor behavior and self-pollination rate. Four insect taxonomic orders visited A. syriaca: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Lepidoptera. We focused on three groups of visitor taxa within two orders (Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera) with sample sizes large enough for quantitative analysis: Apis mellifera (Western Honey Bee), Bombus spp. (bumble bees) and lepidopterans (butterflies and moths). Qualitatively, lepidopterans had the highest pollinator importance values, but the large variability in the lepidopteran data precluded meaningful interpretation of much of their behavior. The introduced A. mellifera was the most effective and most important diurnal pollinator with regard to both pollen removal and pollen deposition. However, when considering the self-incompatibility of A. syriaca, A. mellifera was not the most important pollinator because of its high self-pollination rate as compared to Bombus spp. Additionally, the rate of self-pollination increased more rapidly with the number of flowers per inflorescence in A. mellifera than in the native Bombus spp. Apis mellifera's high rate of self-pollination may have significant negative effects on both male and female reproductive successes

Enantiostyly in Chamaecrista ramosa (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae): floral morphology, pollen transfer dynamics and breeding system.

Science.gov (United States)

Almeida, N M de; Castro, C C de; Leite, A V de Lima; Novo, R R; Machado, I C

2013-03-01

Enantiostyly is a form of reciprocal herkogamy, in which floral morphs present reciprocal differences in the position of sexual elements, and occurs in monomorphic and dimorphic forms. This polymorphism maximises cross-pollination and reduces self-pollination, being very common within the subtribe Cassiinae (Fabaceae). Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the functionality of enantiostyly, particularly in this plant group. The present study aimed to investigate enantiostyly and its functionality in Chamaecrista ramosa, a monomorphic enantiostylous shrub, in an area of coastal vegetation in northeast Brazil. Pollen deposition and capture on the body of floral visitors, the relationship of these data with floral biology and breeding system, and morph ratio were evaluated. Pollen deposition and capture occurred in specific sites of the floral visitor body, showing the functionality of enantiostyly. The floral architecture, associated with the floral visitor behaviour, resulted in indirect pollen deposition on the floral visitor body. This occurred through a loop made by the pollen upon the inner petal surface, similar that generally reported for other Cassiinae. Chamaecrista ramosa is self-compatible, although no fruit set was observed through spontaneous self-pollination. The occurrence and number of floral morphs was similar within clumps. Enantiostyly seems to be advantageous for this species, as it results in efficient pollen capture and deposition, reduces the chances of autogamy and maximises intermorph pollen flow. © 2012 German Botanical Society and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands.

Floral scent composition predicts bee pollination system in five butterfly bush (Buddleja, Scrophulariaceae) species.

Science.gov (United States)

Gong, W-C; Chen, G; Vereecken, N J; Dunn, B L; Ma, Y-P; Sun, W-B

2015-01-01

Traditionally, plant-pollinator interactions have been interpreted as pollination syndrome. However, the validity of pollination syndrome has been widely doubted in modern studies of pollination ecology. The pollination ecology of five Asian Buddleja species, B. asiatica, B. crispa, B. forrestii, B. macrostachya and B. myriantha, in the Sino-Himalayan region in Asia, flowering in different local seasons, with scented inflorescences were investigated during 2011 and 2012. These five species exhibited diverse floral traits, with narrow and long corolla tubes and concealed nectar. According to their floral morphology, larger bees and Lepidoptera were expected to be the major pollinators. However, field observations showed that only larger bees (honeybee/bumblebee) were the primary pollinators, ranging from 77.95% to 97.90% of total visits. In this study, floral scents of each species were also analysed using coupled gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Although the five Buddleja species emitted differentiated floral scent compositions, our results showed that floral scents of the five species are dominated by substances that can serve as attractive signals to bees, including species-specific scent compounds and principal compounds with larger relative amounts. This suggests that floral scent compositions are closely associated with the principal pollinator assemblages in these five species. Therefore, we conclude that floral scent compositions rather than floral morphology traits should be used to interpret plant-pollinator interactions in these Asian Buddleja species. © 2014 German Botanical Society and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands.

Dosage-dependent impacts of a floral volatile compound on pollinators, larcenists, and the potential for floral evolution in the alpine skypilot Polemonium viscosum.

Science.gov (United States)

Galen, Candace; Kaczorowski, Rainee; Todd, Sadie L; Geib, Jennifer; Raguso, Robert A

2011-02-01

All volatile organic compounds (VOCs) vary quantitatively, yet how such variation affects their ecological roles is unknown. Because floral VOCs are cues for both pollinators and floral antagonists, variation in emission may have major consequences for costs and benefits in plant-pollinator interactions. In Polemonium viscosum, the emission rate for the floral VOC 2-phenylethanol (2PE) spans more than two orders of magnitude. We investigated the ecological and evolutionary impacts of this immense phenotypic variation. The emission rate of 2PE varies independently of nectar rewards and thus is uninformative of profitability. Emission is elevated in flowers that are morphologically vulnerable to ant larcenists, suggesting that chemical deterrence may compensate for weak physical barriers. In nature, plants emitting more 2PE than their neighbors escape ant damage. Flower-damaging ants die when exposed to 2PE in the laboratory, and they avoid high 2PE emitters in the field. High 2PE also reduces bumblebee visitation and pollination, suggesting an ecological cost of defense in pollinator service. However, at more moderate emission rates, 2PE enhances the amount of nectar left in flowers, at no pollination cost. In conclusion, repellency of 2PE is highly sensitive to dosage, giving it a key role in shaping ecological interactions between skypilot plants and their floral visitors.

The modular structure of the floral phenotype in Mimulus luteus var. luteus (Phrymaceae Estructura modular del fenotipo floral en Mimulus luteus var. luteus (Phrymaceae

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GASTÓN CARVALLO

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Most studies of multivariate evolution on the floral phenotype assume that traits evolve independently one from each other, ignoring the modular structure that results from genetic correlations or developmental constraints. In this paper we describe the interdependence of nine floral traits in the herb Mimulus luteus var. luteus (Phrymaceae, as an attempt to characterize functional modules on which natural selection can potentially act upon. Using edge exclusion deviance analysis, we detected four modules: (a an attractiveness module, (b a stigma behavior module, (c a stigma surface module, and (d a herkogamy module. Consequences of these findings for future studies of natural selection in this species are discussedLa mayor parte de los estudios de evolución multivariada sobre el fenotipo floral suponen que los rasgos evolucionan independientemente unos de otros, ignorando la estructura modular que resulta de correlaciones genéticas o restricciones impuestas por el desarrollo. En este trabajo describimos la interdependencia de nueve rasgos florales en Mimulus luteus var. luteus (Phrymaceae, en un intento por caracterizar los módulos funcionales sobre los cuales la selección natural pudiera eventualmente actuar. Mediante análisis de desviación límite-excluyente detectamos cuatro módulos: (a un módulo de atractividad floral, (b un módulo de comportamiento estigmático, (c un módulo de superficie estigmática, y (d un módulo de hercogamia. Se discuten las consecuencias de estos hallazgos para futuros estudios de selección natural en esta especie

Terrestrial floral change during the ETM2 hyperthermal

Science.gov (United States)

Wing, S. L.; Currano, E. D.

2017-12-01

Hyperthermal events during the Eocene are defined by negative shifts in carbon isotope composition, global temperature increase and carbonate dissolution in marine settings. These features suggest repeated releases of large amounts of carbon followed by increasing concentration of CO2in the atmosphere and ocean, climate change, and biotic responses such as rapid evolution and changes in geographic range and trophic relationships. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 56.0 Ma) is the largest Eocene hyperthermal in terms of carbon cycle, climate and biotic effects, including dwarfing of mammalian lineages. Terrestrial floral turnover at the PETM documented in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA, is very high. Almost all late Paleocene species, most belonging to mesic, warm-temperate lineages, disappeared during the PETM. The PETM flora was composed of species belonging to dry tropical lineages present only during the body of the PETM. Most mesic, warm-temperate species returned to the area immediately after the PETM. Such extreme change in floral composition makes it difficult to assess how much floral turnover is associated with how much change in temperature. The ETM2 hyperthermal event ( 53.7 Ma) is characterized by a carbon isotope excursion and warming about half as great as during the PETM, and by half as much mammalian dwarfing. Here we report on a new fossil flora from ETM2 that demonstrates the magnitude of floral change was also less than during the PETM. Some characteristic PETM plant species reappeared in the Bighorn Basin during ETM2, including species of Fabaceae that dominate PETM assemblages but are less common during ETM2. Many stratigraphically long-ranging plant species that preferred mesic climates remain common in the ETM2 flora. We conclude that warm climate during ETM2 shifted ranges of plant species such that some PETM species returned to northern Wyoming, but was not so severe as to cause local extirpation of species preferring 'background

Genetic variation of inbreeding depression among floral and fitness traits in Silene nutans

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thiele, Jan; Hansen, Thomas Møller; Siegismund, Hans Redlef

2010-01-01

The magnitude and variation of inbreeding depression (ID) within populations is important for the evolution and maintenance of mixed mating systems. We studied ID and its genetic variation in a range of floral and fitness traits in a small and large population of the perennial herb Silene nutans......, using controlled pollinations in a fully factorial North Carolina II design. Floral traits and early fitness traits, that is seed mass and germination rate, were not much affected by inbreeding (delta0.4). Lack of genetic correlations indicated that ID in floral, early and late traits is genetically...... was statistically significant in most floral and all seed traits, but not in late fitness traits. However, some paternal families had delta...

Influencia de polimorfismos genéticos, variables analíticas y ambientales en las concentraciones valle de terapia anti-TNF de pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

OpenAIRE

Romero Cara, Patricia

2015-01-01

OBJETIVOS La terapia anti-TNF-alfa está indicada en el tratamiento de las enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas. Cuando la respuesta es inadecuada se recomienda la intensificación de la dosis. Sin embargo, ni las razones para esta recomendación, ni los múltiples mecanismos implicados son bien conocidos. Nuestro objetivo principal es investigar si polimorfismos en los genes FCGRT, FCGR2A y FCGR3A (relacionados con el metabolismo y eliminación de inmunoglobulinas) ejercen una influencia en la ...

Herbivory as an important selective force in the evolution of floral traits and pollinator shifts

Science.gov (United States)

Overson, Rick P.; Raguso, Robert A.; Skogen, Krissa A.

2017-01-01

Abstract Floral trait evolution is frequently attributed to pollinator-mediated selection but herbivores can play a key role in shaping plant reproductive biology. Here we examine the role of florivores in driving floral trait evolution and pollinator shifts in a recently radiated clade of flowering plants, Oenothera sect. Calylophus. We compare florivory by a specialist, internal feeder, Mompha, on closely related hawkmoth- and bee-pollinated species and document variation in damage based on floral traits within sites, species and among species. Our results show that flowers with longer floral tubes and decreased floral flare have increased Mompha damage. Bee-pollinated flowers, which have substantially smaller floral tubes, experience on average 13% less Mompha florivory than do hawkmoth-pollinated flowers. The positive association between tube length and Mompha damage is evident even within sites of some species, suggesting that Mompha can drive trait differentiation at microevolutionary scales. Given that there are at least two independent shifts from hawkmoth to bee pollination in this clade, florivore-mediated selection on floral traits may have played an important role in facilitating morphological changes associated with transitions from hawkmoth to bee pollination. PMID:28011456

Visitantes florales nocturnos del girasol (Helianthus annuus, Asterales: Asteraceae en la Argentina Nocturnal floral visitors of sunflower (Helianthus annuus, Asterales: Asteraceae in Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan P Torretta

2009-12-01

Full Text Available El girasol (Helianthus annuus es un cultivo oleaginoso, polinizado por Apis mellifera L. y otras abejas en distintas regiones del mundo. Sin embargo, sus flores también son visitadas por insectos de actividad nocturna. Durante tres campañas agrícolas, se determinó la diversidad de los visitantes nocturnos de capítulos de girasol, en cinco sitios de Argentina. También se estudió el comportamiento de forrajeo de los principales visitantes y la variación de la receptividad estigmática a lo largo del día, con el fin de establecer si estos visitantes contribuyen a la polinización. Al menos 67 especies o morfoespecies pertenecientes a cuatro órdenes de visitantes nocturnos fueron colectadas. El orden más rico y abundante fue Lepidoptera (44 especies o morfoespecies, cinco familias, seguido por Coleoptera (18 especies o morfoespecies, nueve familias, Orthoptera (tres morfoespecies, una familia y Blattaria (dos especies, una familia. Los lepidópteros forrajearon exclusivamente por néctar, mientras que los individuos de los demás órdenes consumieron polen y/o partes florales. El estigma se encontró receptivo durante las horas de luz, con una receptividad máxima al mediodía (12:00 - 14:00. Llamativamente, las flores del girasol son visitadas por mayor número de polillas que de abejas. Debido a que las polillas consumen néctar y potencialmente transportan polen entre flores, en un momento del día en que los estigmas se encuentran menos receptivos, es improbable que polinicen efectivamente el cultivo.Sunflower (Helianthus annuus is an oilseed crop pollinated by Apis mellifera L. and other diurnal bees in different regions of the world. However, their flowers are also visited by insects active at night. During three agricultural years, the diversity of nocturnal visitors to sunflower heads was assessed in five different sites in Argentina. The foraging behavior of the main visitors as well as the stigmatic receptivity variations along

Análisis bibliométrico: la terapia de espejo como estrategia de intervención desde la terapia ocupacional en el ámbito clínico

OpenAIRE

Castro Alzate, Elvis Siprián; Aguía Rojas, Karen; Linares Murcia, Leidy Vanessa; Yanquén Castro, Laura; Reyes Villanueva, Vanessa

2016-01-01

Objetivo: Determinar la evidencia científica, a nivel nacional e internacional, sobre el uso de la terapia de espejo como herramienta de intervención, desde terapia ocupacional, en el área clínica; esto con el propósito de ofrecer soporte teórico para la implementación de esta estrategia en la práctica profesional. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo donde se utilizó como estrategia de búsqueda descriptores de ciencias de la salud (DECS), tales como 'neuronas en espejo', '...

Atuação do farmacêutico em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva : impacto da farmácia clínica no acompanhamento da terapia medicamentosa

OpenAIRE

Larissa Saito da Costa

2014-01-01

Resumo: Durante tratamentos oncológicos, ginecológicos e obstétricos, a mulher pode desenvolver complicações que requerem a sua admissão em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Neste contexto, a atuação do farmacêutico clínico nas reuniões à beira leito da equipe intensivista e a realização de intervenções farmacêuticas contribui para a otimização da terapia medicamentosa, a redução de erros de prescrição e consequentemente, para a segurança da paciente. Este estudo objetivou avaliar o imp...

POWERDRESS and diversified expression of the MIR172 gene family bolster the floral stem cell network.

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Rae Eden Yumul

Full Text Available Termination of the stem cells in the floral meristem (also known as floral determinacy is critical for the reproductive success of plants, and the molecular activities regulating floral determinacy are precisely orchestrated during the course of floral development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, regulators of floral determinacy include several transcription factor genes, such as APETALA2 (AP2, AGAMOUS (AG, SUPERMAN (SUP, and CRABSCLAW (CRC, as well as a microRNA (miRNA, miR172, which targets AP2. How the transcription factor and miRNA genes are coordinately regulated to achieve floral determinacy is unknown. A mutation in POWERDRESS (PWR, a previously uncharacterized gene encoding a SANT-domain-containing protein, was isolated in this study as an enhancer of the weakly indeterminate ag-10 allele. PWR was found to promote the transcription of CRC, MIR172a, b, and c and/or enhance Pol II occupancy at their promoters, without affecting MIR172d or e. A mutation in mature miR172d was additionally found to enhance the determinacy defects of ag-10 in an AP2-dependent manner, providing direct evidence that miR172d is functional in repressing AP2 and thereby contributes to floral determinacy. Thus, while PWR promotes floral determinacy by enhancing the expression of three of the five MIR172 members as well as CRC, MIR172d, whose expression is PWR-independent, also functions in floral stem cell termination. Taken together, these findings demonstrate how transcriptional diversification and functional redundancy of a miRNA family along with PWR-mediated co-regulation of miRNA and transcription factor genes contribute to the robustness of the floral determinacy network.

Lessons from Red Data Books: Plant Vulnerability Increases with Floral Complexity.

Science.gov (United States)

Stefanaki, Anastasia; Kantsa, Aphrodite; Tscheulin, Thomas; Charitonidou, Martha; Petanidou, Theodora

2015-01-01

The architectural complexity of flower structures (hereafter referred to as floral complexity) may be linked to pollination by specialized pollinators that can increase the probability of successful seed set. As plant-pollinator systems become fragile, a loss of such specialized pollinators could presumably result in an increased likelihood of pollination failure. This is an issue likely to be particularly evident in plants that are currently rare. Using a novel index describing floral complexity we explored whether this aspect of the structure of flowers could be used to predict vulnerability of plant species to extinction. To do this we defined plant vulnerability using the Red Data Book of Rare and Threatened Plants of Greece, a Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot. We also tested whether other intrinsic (e.g. life form, asexual reproduction) or extrinsic (e.g. habitat, altitude, range-restrictedness) factors could affect plant vulnerability. We found that plants with high floral complexity scores were significantly more likely to be vulnerable to extinction. Among all the floral complexity components only floral symmetry was found to have a significant effect, with radial-flower plants appearing to be less vulnerable. Life form was also a predictor of vulnerability, with woody perennial plants having significantly lower risk of extinction. Among the extrinsic factors, both habitat and maximum range were significantly associated with plant vulnerability (coastal plants and narrow-ranged plants are more likely to face higher risk). Although extrinsic and in particular anthropogenic factors determine plant extinction risk, intrinsic traits can indicate a plant's proneness to vulnerability. This raises the potential threat of declining global pollinator diversity interacting with floral complexity to increase the vulnerability of individual plant species. There is potential scope for using plant-pollinator specializations to identify plant species particularly at

Preliminary evaluation of maggot (Diptera: Calliphoridae therapy as a potential treatment for leishmaniasis ulcers Evaluación preliminar en un modelo animal de la terapia con larvas de Lucilia sericata para el tratamiento de la leishmaniasis cutánea

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Jazzmin Arrivillaga

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Introduction. Maggot debridement therapy has been widely used for treating a variety of scarred-over soft-tissue wounds. Published accounts record several illnesses in which treatment with larval therapy has promoted injury healing in conjunction with infection by bacterial pathogens resistant to conventional antibiotics.
Objective. An initial test of the maggot therapy was developed for cutaneous injuries produced by Leishmania amazonensis.
Materials and methods. An experimental design based on an animal model with three replicates in Mesocricetus aureatus (Rodentia: Muridae was used to evaluate size variation lesion before and after after larval therapy with Lucilia sericata maggots. The criteria used for therapy evaluation were lesion size, maggot application time, and presence or absence of edema and secretions.
Results.  Effective scarring and wound healing was observed after therapy with L. sericata larvae, i.e. 80% to 100% lesion area reduction after 12 hours.
Conclusion. The preliminary results suggest that fly maggots of L. sericata have a potential use as natural medical and veterinary alternative therapy for the cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Introducción. La terapia con larvas ha sido ampliamente utilizada para el tratamiento de lesiones ulcerativas de la piel; existen registros de enfermedades, como podopatía diabética, osteomielitis y úlceras varicosas, en las cuales el uso de la terapia con larvas ha promovido la cicatrización de la lesión en presencia de patógenos bacterianos resistentes a los antibióticos convencionales.
Objetivo. Realizar una prueba piloto de terapia con larvas de Lucilia sericata sobre lesiones cutáneas producidas por Leishmania amazonensis.
Materiales y métodos. En el presente trabajo se empleó un diseño experimental en animales ( Mesocricetus aureatus, tres réplicas con la finalidad de analizar las variaciones del tamaño de la lesión por leishmaniasis antes y

Studio preliminare sul possibile utilizzo del sistema Uro-Quick per l’esecuzione rapida di antibiogrammi su ceppi provenienti da reparti di terapia intensiva

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Elisabetta Pezzati

2005-06-01

Full Text Available L’Uro-Quick, un sistema automatizzato ampiamente utilizzato per lo screening delle batteriurie sui campioni d’urina, è stato precedentemente impiegato per la valutazione della sensibilità agli antibiotici negli uropatogeni e per l’identificazione di resistenze ben caratterizzate veicolate da diverse specie batteriche. In questo studio sono stati esaminati utilizzando la metodica classica Kirby-Bauer per la determinazione dell’antibiotico sensibilità patogeni isolati durante il periodo settembre 2003 - marzo 2004 in reparti di terapia intensiva di un grande ospedale italiano e i risultati sono stati confrontati con quelli ottenuti con il nuovo sistema rapido Uro-Quick. L’antibiotico (in concentrazione appropriata è stato introdotto in una cuvetta Uro-Quick contenente 2 ml di Mueller-Hinton brodo, successivamente sono stati addizionati 0.5 ml di sospensione del ceppo da saggiare (5x105 CFU/ml. Una cuvetta priva di farmaco è stata utilizzata come controllo. Dopo 3 o 5 ore di incubazione (per i ceppi Gram-negativi o Gram-positivi rispettivamente i risultati sono stati interpretati nel seguente modo: l’assenza di sviluppo indicava sensibilità, mentre una curva di crescita analoga a quella del controllo rappresentava un ceppo resistente. I microrganismi Gram-negativi sono stati saggiati con ciprofloxacina (CIP, ampicillina (AM, piperacillina (PIP, aztreonam (ATM, amoxicillina-clavulanato (AMC, piperacillina/tazobactam (TZP, imipenem (IPM, ceftazidime (CAZ, cefotaxime (CTX, cefepime (CFP, cefuroxime (CXM, ceftriaxone (CRO, amikacina (AN, gentamicina (GM e trimethoprim-sulfametossazolo (SXT. I Gram-positivi, invece, sono stati saggiati con ciprofloxacina (CIP, clindamicina (CM, eritromicina (E, rifampicina (RA, ampicillina (AM, penicillina (P, oxacillina (OXA, imipenem (IPM, gentamicina (GM, streptomicina (S, tetraciclina (TE, trimethoprim – sulfametazolo (SXT, vancomicina (VA e linezolid (LZD. Sono stati esaminati 197 ceppi Gram

Efectividad de la terapia de presión negativa en las úlceras de pie diabético. Revisión crítica de la literatura

OpenAIRE

Liñeira García, Tamara

2016-01-01

El aumento de la esperanza de vida en el último siglo ha generado una población envejecida con problemas de salud crónicos, en ocasiones difíciles de tratar. Entre los problemas de salud crónicos destacan las heridas crónicas, concretamente las úlceras de pie diabético, que suponen un importante problema de salud tanto para las personas que las padecen como para los sistemas sanitarios. Este tipo de heridas crónicas se caracterizan por su difícil manejo con terapias convencionales que en o...

Study on the Development of Yunnan Floral E-commerce

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Yulan; KUANG; Qifang; LI; Wangyun; NING

2013-01-01

Cut flower production in Yunnan accounts for 80%nationwide.In order to expand the Yunnan Flower sales channels,the promotion of the development of e-commerce is necessary.In 2012 China’s online shopping users reached 247 million people,but e-commerce of fresh flowers lagged behind due to the constraints of preservation facilities and logistics cost.The analysis of the factors restricting the development of floral e-commerce and the proposition of solutions to this problem can promote faster development of Yunnan floral e-commerce.

Optic and motor alteration in Balint syndrome: computer assisted occupational therapy ALTERACIONES OCULOMOTORAS EN EL SÍNDROME DE BALINT: TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL ASISTIDA POR ORDENADOR

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L.P. Rodríguez

2010-09-01

Full Text Available

Balint Syndrome, which was reported in 1909, is an affection produced by bilateral parieto-occipital lesions affecting the connections between the visual cortical regions and the prerolandic motor areas and caracterized by visual ataxia, failure to grasp or touch objects, and visual inatention. Beyond traditional evaluation and treatment methods applied from Occupational Therapy to the motor diseases produced by syndrome, we propose a new way to do them using new technologies, doing reality Computer Assisted Occupational Therapy.
KEY WORDS: Occupational Therapy, optic ataxia, visual attention, saccades movements

El Síndrome de Balint, descrito en 1909, es un trastorno producido por las lesiones bilaterales de ambos lóbulos parieto-occipitales, que afecta a la conexión entre las regiones corticales de la visión y las áreas motrices prerrolándicas y caracterizado por la presencia de ataxia visual, incapacidad para ver y coger objetos e inatención visual. Amén de los métodos tradicionales de evaluación y tratamiento desde Terapia Ocupacional de los trastornos motrices producidos por el Síndrome, proponemos aquí una nueva vía de realización de ambas utilizando las nuevas tecnologías, haciendo realidad la Terapia Ocupacional Asistida por Ordenador.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Terapia Ocupacional, ataxia óptica, atención visual, movimientos sacádicos.

El Retorno a la Unidad Cuerpo-Mente: Encuentro de Ascesis, Terapia y Filosofía en Japón

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Juan Masiá Clavel

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Los autores han escogido tres personas representativas cuyo pensamiento apunta el camino de retorno hacia la unidad básica mente-cuerpo en el ser humano, a través de la integración del poder de lo inconsciente en la conciencia: Chih-i (538-597, un monje budista chino; Yasuo Yuasa (1925-2005, un filósofo japonés; y Haruchika Noguchi (1911-1976, un japonés que desarrolló una terapia centrada en la interrelación mente-cuerpo. Los tres coinciden en acentuar la espiritualidad, filosofía y terapéutica sobre el fundamento y el uso del flujo de energía que ha sido descrito en la tradición chino japonesa por medio de la noción de Ki. Estas tradiciones orientales, en la confluencia de espiritualidad, filosofía y terapéutica son al mismo tiempo una contribución y un desafio al pensamiento occidental, al replantear las preguntas en torno al Yo, la Identidad y la Personalidad desde un contexto interdisciplinar e intercultural.

Modelos animales de degeneración cognitiva y uso de transplantes neurales de células madre como terapia

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Alcyr Alves de Oliveira

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Existen pocos modelos animales de degeneración cognitiva que podrían ser considerados tan importantes como el modelo de lesión colinérgica de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. La enfermedad de Alzheimer es una patología neurodegenerativa asociada con el envejecimiento y con degeneración cognitiva acentuada y progresiva. Sus complejas y múltiples vías neurales secuenciales pueden conducir a la comprensión de que las intervenciones de agente único pueden ser insuficiente para impactar el curso de esta enfermedad. El tratamiento farmacológico actual es paliativo y, aunque pueda retardar el progreso de la enfermedad, no es capaz de ofrecer una cura. La combinación de drogas y sustancias antioxidantes han sido investigadas, sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que demuestran resultados consistentes basados en esta presunción. Así, el objetivo de este artículo fue destacar las terapias basadas en la reposición celular como potencial tratamiento para enfermedades del sistema nervioso periférico y central.

La evolución de la noción de mente y sus efectos en el desarrollo de la terapia cognitiva chilena

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Augusto Zagmutt Cahbar

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Se aborda el desarrollo y evolución de las terapias cognitivas desde la perspectiva del desarrollo de la historia de las ideas acerca de la mente desde una visión más pasiva de ésta hasta la concepción motora de la mente a la cual adscriben los enfoques constructivistas. Se describe la manera en que estos desarrollos afectaron la evolución de los modelos terapéuticos en nuestro país y como contribuciones propias del trabajo científico chileno aportaron a su vez a esta evolución en términos de complejidad.

Hipoterapia y logopedia : ¿Una nueva forma de intervención?

OpenAIRE

Bruns, Wencke; Carrión Castillo, Irati; Viñals Gracia, Judit; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Facultat de Psicologia

2014-01-01

Este Trabajo de Final de Grado (TFG) trata sobre la hipoterapia y la logopedia planteando dos líneas de trabajo paralelas. Por un lado, se realiza un estudio de caso único de un niño con parálisis cerebral al que se realiza una intervención logopédica en sesiones de hipoterapia. Por otro lado, se presenta un estudio comparativo en el que se analiza la situación actual de la hipoterapia en España comparándola con la situación de esta terapia en Italia, concretamente de la presencia de este rec...

Terminologías consensuadas en Terapia Ocupacional: marco para el entendimiento = Occupational Therapy consensus terminology: framwork to understanding

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Brea Rivero, Miguel

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Organizaciones de terapia ocupacional de diversa naturaleza y origen han intentado a lo largo del pasado encontrar uniformidad al lenguaje profesional empleado por todos los terapeutas ocupacionales sobre el planeta. El éxito es altamente cuestionable, tomando en consideración que el procedimiento para alcanzar esta uniformidad se ha centrado fundamentalmente en la mera traducción lingüística de textos o términos sin atender a la gran diversidad conceptual, cultural y contextual, entre los países del universo que conforma la terapia ocupacional. El resultado final ha mostrado un uso parcial y sectorial de esa terminología uniforme. Con el mismo propósito pero mediante un enfoque muy diverso, un grupo de trabajo constituido por miembros de diferentes países europeos ha promovido, en el ámbito de la Red Europea de Terapia Ocupacional en Educación Superior (European Network of Occupational Therapy in Higher Education, ENOTHE en sus siglas en inglés y para el resto del documento una nueva metodología para alcanzar el fin perseguido. El énfasis se ha puesto en el concepto que subyace más allá del término y no en la mera traducción de la palabra.De igual modo, se ha considerado la diversidad cultural entre países y su variedad en el desarrollo disciplinar, y se ha tomado toda la literatura internacional como punto de referencia con el fin de realizar una búsqueda apropiada del término adecuado a cada caso. El resultado final se traduce en la producción de una base de datos que muestra definiciones consensuadas de términos considerados esenciales en terapia ocupacional. La conclusión más relevante que se puede extraer es que el uso uniforme de nuestro lenguaje profesional es posible, incluso más allá de nuestras fronteras, en la medida que seamos capaces de consensuar las raíces profundas de cada término empleado, esto es, su concepto, y no apliquemos la traducción fácil de la palabra y sin razonamiento previo. Este art

Terapia celular dirigida contra la sordera: estudio de la capacidad de transdiferenciación de células madre mesenquimales humanas y de fibroblastos hacia células sensoriales del oído interno

OpenAIRE

Feijoo-Redondo, Ana

2014-01-01

La pérdida de audición es la discapacidad sensorial más común en el ser humano. En los mamíferos, las células ciliadas (CC) del oído interno y las neuronas sensoriales auditivas (NSA) no se regeneran espontáneamente y su degeneración puede provocar una pérdida de audición permanente. En la actualidad se analizan diferentes posibilidades para evitar la pérdida de las células sensoriales del oído o conseguir una regeneración funcional del tejido mediante, por ejemplo, la terapia celular. Para l...

Comparative anatomy of floral elaiophores in Vitekorchis Romowicz & Szlach., Cyrtochilum Kunth and a florally dimorphic species of Oncidium Sw. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae).

Science.gov (United States)

Davies, Kevin L; Stpiczyńska, Małgorzata; Rawski, Michał

2014-06-01

Recently, molecular approaches have been used to investigate the phylogeny of subtribe Oncidiinae, resulting in the re-alignment of several of its genera. Here, a description is given of the structure of the floral elaiophores (oil glands) of four species formerly assigned to Oncidium Sw. Those of Vitekorchis excavata (Lindl.) Romowicz & Szlach., Cyrtochilum meirax (Rchb.f.) Dalström and a species of Oncidium displaying floral dimorphism, namely O. heteranthum Poepp. & Endl. var. album, are compared with that of Gomesa longipes (Lindl.) M.W. Chase & N.H. Williams, whose epithelial elaiophores are typical of many Oncidiinae, in order to extend our understanding of elaiophore diversity within this subtribe. Floral elaiophore structure was examined and compared at anthesis for all four species using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and histochemistry. In all species investigated, with the exception of C. meirax, the floral elaiophore occurs on the labellar callus and is of the intermediate type, possessing both glabrous and trichomatous regions. By contrast, although all four species produce lipid secretions, C. meirax lacks an obvious elaiophore. In each case, the secretory tissue is represented by a single-layered epidermis of cuboidal cells (trichomatous and/or atrichomatous). Palisade cells are absent. The secretion may be wax- or oil-like and is usually produced by smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). However, in C. meirax, where rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) predominates, oil accumulates as plastoglobuli within elaioplasts. These plastoglobuli are then discharged into the cytoplasm, forming oil bodies. In some species, oil usually accumulates within vesicles at the plasmalemma or in the periplasmic space before traversing the cell wall and accumulating beneath the cuticle, sometimes with distension of the latter. Gomesa longipes is unusual in its production of a heterogeneous secretion, whereas Vitekorchis

LA TERAPIA CELULAR EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA ISQUEMIA CRÍTICA DE EXTREMIDADES INFERIORES

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Gallardo Y

2006-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT:Critical limb ischaemia is the final phase of the peripheral arterial disease. The treatment consists of the revascularización, but sometimes, the medical treatment is the only therapeutic option before the amputation. The cellular therapy allows the possibility of dealing with diseases with the use alive cells. This paper is a review about the utilization of adult staminal cells in patients with critical limb ischaemia.RESUMENLa isquemia crítica de la extremidad es la fase final de la enfermedad arterial periférica. El tratamiento consiste en la revascularización, pero en ocasiones, el tratamiento médico es la única opción terapéutica antes de la amputación. La terapia celular permite la posibilidad de tratar enfermedades con el uso de células vivas. En este artículo se efectúa una revisión del uso de células madre adultas en pacientes con isquemia crítica de la extremidad.

Florally rich habitats reduce insect pollination and the reproductive success of isolated plants.

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Evans, Tracie M; Cavers, Stephen; Ennos, Richard; Vanbergen, Adam J; Heard, Matthew S

2017-08-01

Landscape heterogeneity in floral communities has the potential to modify pollinator behavior. Pollinator foraging varies with the diversity, abundance, and spatial configuration of floral resources. However, the implications of this variation for pollen transfer and ultimately the reproductive success of insect pollinated plants remains unclear, especially for species which are rare or isolated in the landscape. We used a landscape-scale experiment, coupled with microsatellite genotyping, to explore how the floral richness of habitats affected pollinator behavior and pollination effectiveness. Small arrays of the partially self-compatible plant Californian poppy ( Eschscholzia californica) were introduced across a landscape gradient to simulate rare, spatially isolated populations. The effects on pollinator activity, outcrossing, and plant reproduction were measured. In florally rich habitats, we found reduced pollen movement between plants, leading to fewer long-distance pollination events, lower plant outcrossing, and a higher incidence of pollen limitation. This pattern indicates a potential reduction in per capita pollinator visitation, as suggested by the lower activity densities and richness of pollinators observed within florally rich habitats. In addition, seed production reduced by a factor of 1.8 in plants within florally rich habitats and progeny germination reduced by a factor of 1.2. We show this to be a consequence of self-fertilization within the partially self-compatible plant, E. californica . These findings indicate that locally rare plants are at a competitive disadvantage within florally rich habitats because neighboring plant species disrupt conspecific mating by co-opting pollinators. Ultimately, this Allee effect may play an important role in determining the long-term persistence of rarer plants in the landscape, both in terms of seed production and viability. Community context therefore requires consideration when designing and

Divergence of the Floral A-Function between an Asterid and a Rosid Species.

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Morel, Patrice; Heijmans, Klaas; Rozier, Frédérique; Zethof, Jan; Chamot, Sophy; Bento, Suzanne Rodrigues; Vialette-Guiraud, Aurélie; Chambrier, Pierre; Trehin, Christophe; Vandenbussche, Michiel

2017-07-01

The ABC model is widely used as a genetic framework for understanding floral development and evolution. In this model, the A-function is required for the development of sepals and petals and to antagonize the C-function in the outer floral whorls. In the rosid species Arabidopsis thaliana , the AP2-type AP2 transcription factor represents a major A-function protein, but how the A-function is encoded in other species is not well understood. Here, we show that in the asterid species petunia ( Petunia hybrida ), AP2B/BLIND ENHANCER ( BEN ) confines the C-function to the inner petunia floral whorls, in parallel with the microRNA BLIND BEN belongs to the TOE-type AP2 gene family, members of which control flowering time in Arabidopsis. In turn, we demonstrate that the petunia AP2-type REPRESSOR OF B-FUNCTION ( ROB ) genes repress the B-function (but not the C-function) in the first floral whorl, together with BEN We propose a combinatorial model for patterning the B- and C-functions, leading to the homeotic conversion of sepals into petals, carpels, or stamens, depending on the genetic context. Combined with earlier results, our findings suggest that the molecular mechanisms controlling the spatial restriction of the floral organ identity genes are more diverse than the well-conserved B and C floral organ identity functions. © 2017 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.

More lessons from linalool: insights gained from a ubiquitous floral volatile.

Science.gov (United States)

Raguso, Robert A

2016-08-01

Linalool (3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol) is a common floral volatile with two distinct enantiomers and related metabolites involved in the full spectrum of plant-pollinator interactions. Recent studies reveal a complex interplay between pollinator attraction and plant defense mediated by linalool and its derivatives, from the smallest (Arabidopsis, Mitella) to the largest (Datura) flowers studied. Accordingly, fig wasps, fungus gnats and moths of all sizes show remarkable electrophysiological, neural and behavioral sensitivity to different enantiomers and quantitative ratios of linalool in floral bouquets. The diverse functions of linalool, ranging from toxin to long distance pollinator attractant are discussed in the broader context of floral volatile ecology and evolution. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Interspecific and Intersexual Differences in the Chemical Composition of Floral Scent in Glochidion Species (Phyllanthaceae in South China

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Daihong Huang

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Plants of the Glochidion (Phyllanthaceae genus are pollinated exclusively by host-specific Epicephala (Gracillariidae moths. Floral scent has been thought to play key role in the obligate pollination mutualism between Glochidion plants and Epicephala moths, but few studies have been reported about chemical variation in floral volatiles of Glochidion species in China. Floral volatiles of male and female flowers of five Glochidion species in south China were collected by dynamic headspace absorption technique and then were chemically analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 69 compounds were identified from floral scents of five investigated species. Glochidion hirsutum and G. zeylanicum showed no qualitative differences in floral scent, whereas there were clear variations of floral scent among other species (G. eriocarpum, G. daltonii, and G. sphaerogynum and also they distinctly differed from these two species. Male flowers emitted significantly more scent than female flowers. Glochidion plants exhibited qualitative and quantitative differences in floral scent between two sexes of flowers. The findings suggest that the volatile variation of floral scent among Glochidion species reflects adaptations to specific pollinators. Sexual dimorphism in floral scent has evolved to signal alternative rewards provided by each sex to Epicephala moths.

Barreiras à implementação da Terapia Compressiva Barreras a la implementación de la Terapia Compresiva Barriers to implementation of Compression Therapy

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Alda Pereira

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Apesar da efetividade da terapia compressiva no tratamento de úlceras venosas ser evidenciada cientificamente, ela não é amplamente usada. O objetivo deste estudo é determinar quais as barreiras/obstáculos à sua implementação e utilização mais ampla. Uma revisão da literatura permitiu definir um conjunto de barreiras potenciais, que foram posteriormente validadas e hierarquizadas segundo peso/importância por peritos em úlcera de perna, num Painel de Delphi online. Depois desenvolveu-se um estudo do tipo transversal descritivo analítico, através da aplicação de questionários construídos para o efeito a uma amostra acidental de 241 profissionais de saúde (enfermeiros e médicos que trabalham em Cuidados de Saúde Primários. Com os dados construímos e validámos a escala de Avaliação de Barreiras à Implementação da Terapia Compressiva na Úlcera Venosa (ABITCUV. Nos resultados destacamos que, relativamente às barreiras que constituem a escala, os profissionais de saúde consideraram, por ordem decrescente de peso/importância: o deficit de formação, o deficit de recursos materiais e financeiros, a ausência de normatização e protocolização de práticas. Depois surgiram a recusa do cliente, falta de motivação e reconhecimento institucional do profissional e resistência do profissional à mudança/novas práticas. Esta hierarquização das barreiras feita pelos profissionais revelou-se similar à sugerida pelos peritos no Painel de Delphi.Pese a que la efectividad de la terapia compresiva en el tratamiento de úlceras venosas sea evidente científicamente, esta no es ampliamente usada. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar cuáles son las barreras/obstáculos a su implementación y utilización más amplia. Una revisión de la literatura permitió definir un conjunto de barreras potenciales, que fueron posteriormente validadas y jerarquizadas según su peso/importancia por expertos en úlcera de pierna, en un

Cuidados paliativos no paciente com HIV/AIDS internado na unidade de terapia intensiva

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Paola Nóbrega Souza

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as características de pacientes com HIV/AIDS e comparar as medidas terapêuticas e cuidados de fim de vida, antes e após a avaliação da equipe de cuidados paliativos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma coorte retrospectiva, que incluiu todos os pacientes com HIV/AIDS internados na unidade de terapia intensiva do Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas e avaliados pela equipe de cuidados paliativos no período de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2012. Resultados: Dos 109 pacientes avaliados, 89% tinham relato de doenças oportunistas, 70% apresentavam CD4 menor que 100cels/mm3 e apenas 19% aderiram ao tratamento. A mortalidade geral foi de 88%. Dentre os pacientes considerados em provável terminalidade (68%, observaram-se redução do uso da terapia antirretroviral altamente ativa (50,0% para 23,1%; p = 0,02, antibioticoterapia (100% para 63,6%; p < 0,001, drogas vasoativas (62,1% para 37,8%, p = 0,009, terapia de substituição renal (34,8% para 23%; p < 0,0001 e transfusão de hemoderivados (74,2% para 19,7%; p < 0,0001. Foi realizada reunião com a família em 48% dos casos, e 23% dos pacientes em provável terminalidade receberam alta da unidade de terapia intensiva. Conclusão: A equipe de cuidados paliativos foi acionada para pacientes com perfil de elevadas gravidade e mortalidade. Os pacientes acompanhados pela equipe de cuidados paliativos avaliados como provável terminalidade tiveram significativa redução de intervenções potencialmente inapropriadas, e 26% desses pacientes conseguiram receber alta da unidade de terapia intensiva.

The effect of flower position on variation and covariation in floral traits in a wild hermaphrodite plant.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Zhi-Gang; Du, Guo-Zhen; Huang, Shuang-Quan

2010-05-20

Floral traits within plants can vary with flower position or flowering time. Within an inflorescence, sexual allocation of early produced basal flowers is often female-biased while later produced distal flowers are male-biased. Such temporal adjustment of floral resource has been considered one of the potential advantages of modularity (regarding a flower as a module) in hermaphrodites. However, flowers are under constraints of independent evolution of a given trait. To understand flower diversification within inflorescences, here we examine variation and covariation in floral traits within racemes at the individual and the maternal family level respectively in an alpine herb Aconitum gymnandrum (Ranunculaceae). We found that floral traits varied significantly with flower position and among families, and position effects were family-specific. Most of the variance of floral traits was among individuals rather than among flowers within individuals or among families. Significant phenotypic correlations between traits were not affected by position, indicating trait integration under shared developmental regulation. In contrast, positive family-mean correlations in floral traits declined gradually from basal to distal flowers (nine significant correlations among floral traits in basal flowers and only three in distal flowers), showing position-specificity. Therefore, the pattern and magnitude of genetic correlations decreased with flower position. This finding on covariation pattern in floral reproductive structures within racemes has not been revealed before, providing insights into temporal variation and position effects in floral traits within plants and the potential advantages of modularity in hermaphrodites.

Tratamento cirúrgico e terapias adjuvantes na papilomatose respiratória

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Melissa Ameloti Gomes Avelino

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Papilomatose respiratória recorrente ou papilomatose laríngea recorrente é uma doença da laringe, causada pelo papiloma vírus humano, caracterizada por lesões epiteliais verrucosas e, geralmente, recorrentes. Na literatura são descritos diversos tipos de tratamento, como cirurgia a frio, a laser e/ou uso de microdebridador, além das terapias adjuvantes; todas no sentindo de diminuir possíveis sequelas permanentes da doença. OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão de literatura a respeito desta doença com ênfase nas técnicas cirúrgicas e terapias adjuvantes mais utilizadas atualmente. MÉTODO: Utilizou-se a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica, por meio de levantamentos em base de dados eletrônicos de domínio público, entre 1992-2012, utilizando-se as palavras-chave: papiloma, infecções por papillomavírus, laringe, terapêutica, vacinas contra papillomavírus. RESULTADOS: Foram levantados 357 artigos, dos quais 49 foram usados como base para esta revisão. Os trabalhos científicos apontam para a redução de recidiva na maioria das terapêuticas adjuvantes. Entretanto, o levantamento demonstrou metodologias e amostras diferentes, o que não permitiu comparar os tipos de tratamento e de terapias adjuvantes. CONCLUSÃO: A escolha da técnica cirúrgica varia entre os autores, porém, há uma tendência atual ao uso do microdebridador. As terapias adjuvantes recentes, como cidofovir, vacina tetravalente contra o papiloma vírus humano e bevacizumab, necessitam de estudos mais amplos.

Terapia nutricional no diabetes gestacional

OpenAIRE

Padilha,Patricia de Carvalho; Sena,Ana Beatriz; Nogueira,Jamile Lima; Araújo,Roberta Pimenta da Silva; Alves,Priscila Dutra; Accioly,Elizabeth; Saunders,Cláudia

2010-01-01

Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura científica sobre a terapia nutricional no Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional, sem restrição de data e com fontes primárias indexadas nas bases de dados SciELO, PubMed, Medline. Os resultados desta revisão apontam a intervenção nutricional como uma importante aliada no controle do Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional, trazendo potenciais benefícios à saúde materno-fetal. Na avaliação do estado nutricional materno devem ser empregados os indicadores antropométricos, di...

Terapia comportamental construtiva: uma outra face da clínica comportamental

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Luc Vandenberghe

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta a terapia comportamental construtiva conforme elaborada por Beata Bakker-de Pree. A abordagem, desenvolvida nos Países Baixos, traz uma filosofia do processo terapêutico que é compatível com a de várias terapias comportamentais conhecidas. Acrescenta uma perspectiva valiosa em sua descrição explícita de alguns ingredientes importantes do trabalho clínico, que não estão em destaque nos outros modelos comportamentais, sendo estas a técnica de diferenciação livre e a análise funcional do comportamento saudável do cliente.

Pollinator Competition as a Driver of Floral Divergence: An Experimental Test.

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Ethan J Temeles

Full Text Available Optimal foraging models of floral divergence predict that competition between two different types of pollinators will result in partitioning, increased assortative mating, and divergence of two floral phenotypes. We tested these predictions in a tropical plant-pollinator system using sexes of purple-throated carib hummingbirds (Anthracothorax jugularis as the pollinators, red and yellow inflorescence morphs of Heliconia caribaea as the plants, and fluorescent dyes as pollen analogs in an enclosed outdoor garden. When foraging alone, males exhibited a significant preference for the yellow morph of H. caribaea, whereas females exhibited no preference. In competition, males maintained their preference for the yellow morph and through aggression caused females to over-visit the red morph, resulting in resource partitioning. Competition significantly increased within-morph dye transfer (assortative mating relative to non-competitive environments. Competition and partitioning of color morphs by sexes of purple-throated caribs also resulted in selection for floral divergence as measured by dye deposition on stigmas. Red and yellow morphs did not differ significantly in dye deposition in the competition trials, but differences in dye deposition and preferences for morphs when sexes of purple-throated caribs foraged alone implied fixation of one or the other color morph in the absence of competition. Competition also resulted in selection for divergence in corolla length, with the red morph experiencing directional selection for longer corollas and the yellow morph experiencing stabilizing selection on corolla length. Our results thus support predictions of foraging models of floral divergence and indicate that pollinator competition is a viable mechanism for divergence in floral traits of plants.

Desarrollo floral del aguacate 'hass' en clima semicálido. Parte II. Generación y validación de modelos de predicción del desarrollo floral

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S. Salazar-García

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Para disponer de herramientas que mejoren la productividad de los huertos de aguacate 'Hass' en el clima semicálido de Nayarit, México, se desarrolló esta investigación multianual (1998 a 2006 con los siguientes objetivos: a cuantificar el efecto de la temperatura ambiental sobre el desarrollo floral de 'Hass', y b desarrollar y validar modelos de predicción para pronosticar etapas críticas del proceso de floración. El desarrollo floral de 'Hass' fue asociado a la temperatura ambiental y pudo ser modelado matemáticamente. El desarrollo floral de brotes del flujo vegetativo de invierno estuvo asociado a la acumulación de días frío (DFA con temperaturas ¿ 21 °C, así como a los intervalos acumulados entre las temperaturas máxima y mínima (INTAC. Para los brotes del flujo de verano fueron los DFA con temperaturas ¿ 9 °C, ¿ 20 °C y los INTAC. Para brotes del flujo de invierno se obtuvieron dos modelos de predicción del desarrollo floral, inviernoDFA ¿ 21 (R2 = 0.99 e inviernoINTAC (R2 = 0.96. En el caso de los brotes del flujo de verano se generaron tres modelos de predicción del desarrollo floral, veranoDFA ¿ 19, veranoDFA ¿ 20 y veranoINTAC, todos ellos con R2 = 0.99.

Floral reversion mechanism in longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) revealed by proteomic and anatomic analyses.

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You, Xiangrong; Wang, Lingxia; Liang, Wenyu; Gai, Yonghong; Wang, Xiaoyan; Chen, Wei

2012-02-02

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to analyze the proteins related to floral reversion in Dimocarpus longan Lour. Proteins were extracted from buds undergoing the normal process of flowering and from those undergoing floral reversion in three developing stages in D. longan. Differentially expressed proteins were identified from the gels after 2-DE analysis, which were confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flying-mass spectroscopy and protein database search. A total of 39 proteins, including 18 up-regulated and 21 down-regulated proteins, were classified into different categories, such as energy and substance metabolism, protein translation, secondary metabolism, phytohormone, cytoskeleton structure, regulation, and stress tolerance. Among these, the largest functional class was associated with primary metabolism. Down-regulated proteins were involved in photosynthesis, transcription, and translation, whereas up-regulated proteins were involved in respiration. Decreased flavonoid synthesis and up-regulated GA20ox might be involved in the floral reversion process. Up-regulated 14-3-3 proteins played a role in the regulation of floral reversion in D. longan by responding to abiotic stress. Observations via transmission electron microscopy revealed the ultrastructure changes in shedding buds undergoing floral reversion. Overall, the results provided insights into the molecular basis for the floral reversion mechanism in D. longan. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Potential drug interactions in intensive care patients at a teaching hospital Interacciones medicamentosas potenciales en pacientes de una unidad de terapia intensiva de un hospital universitario Interações medicamentosas potenciais em pacientes de unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário

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Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima

2009-04-01

Full Text Available This study assessed potential drugs interactions in intensive care patients at a university hospital in Ceará, northeast Brazil. Of 102 patients studied, 72.5% were exposed to 311 potential drug-drug interactions; 64% of them were females aged 60 years or more and hospital stay was at least 9 days. A statistically significant association was found between number of drugs used and the occurrence of drug interactions. A total of 1,140 drugs were scheduled to be administered concomitantly; of these, 74% had potential for drug interactions. As for the classification of these events, 48.2% had a pharmacokinetic profile; 55.4% were of slow onset; 54.7% had moderate severity; and 60.6% were well-documented in the literature. The most common clinical action taken was "to monitor signs and symptoms". Nursing staff can perform 80% of preventive actions to avoid undesirable effects of drug interactions. However, nurses need to have adequate knowledge about drug action mechanisms and triggering factors associated to drug interactions.Este estudio investigó interacciones medicamentosas (IM potenciales en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva (UTI en un hospital universitario del Ceará. De los 102 pacientes del estudio, 72,5% presentaron 311 potenciales IMs. De estos, 64% eran del sexo femenino, con edad mayor o igual a 60 años y tiempo de internación mayor o igual a nueve días. Hubo una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el número de medicamentos y la ocurrencia de IM; 1.140 medicamentos fueron administrados durante el mismo horario, entre estos, 74% presentaron potencial para IM. En lo que se refiere a la clasificación de las IMs, 48,2% presentaron un perfil fármaco cinético, 55,4% inicio demorado, 54,7% moderada gravedad y 60,6% bien documentadas en la literatura. El manejo clínico más frecuente fue "observar señales y síntomas". Ochenta por ciento de las intervenciones para evitar los efectos indeseables de las IMs pueden ser

TERAPIA GÉNICA: ¿TRATAMIENTO MÉDICO, EUGENESIA O HIGIENE DE LA HERENCIA? TERAPIA GÉNICA: TRATAMENTO MÉDICO, EUGENESIA OU HIGIENE DA HERANÇA? GENE THERAPY: MEDICAL TREATMENT, EUGENICS OR INHERITANCE’S HYGIENE?

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Alfredo G Kohn Loncarica

2004-01-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo de la genética molecular en las dos últimas décadas produjo grandes cambios en los conocimientos sobre la fisiopatología de las enfermedades, modificando los criterios de diagnóstico y de tratamiento, y enfrentando al médico con nuevos conceptos provenientes de una avalancha tecnológica que se incrementa día a día. Nuestro objetivo es exponer una posición bioética bastante difundida sobre algunos aspectos de la medicina genómica y, simultáneamente, hacer algunos comentarios críticos a esta posición, rescatando sus aportes. En primer lugar, presentamos y discutimos la definición de enfermedad genética propuesta por Closer, Culver y Gert, sus consecuencias y los criterios que se debe tener en cuenta para decidir realizar o no un diagnóstico genético. Luego, analizamos la propuesta de Berger en relación con la legitimidad de la terapia génica. Concluimos que la definición ofrecida es lo suficientemente amplia como para incluir alteraciones funcionales, psicológicas y aun sociales. Sin embargo, es fuertemente biologista al centrar el criterio de normalidad en lo biológico y estadístico. No tiene en cuenta la determinación cultural del concepto. Asimismo, en relación con la terapia génica, más que una objeción moral, lo que el autor propone es una moratoria que descansa en la insuficiencia de los conocimientos actuales y en que se fundamentan en una filosofía utilitarista. Sostenemos que será la comunidad la que tendrá que decidir hasta adonde está dispuesta a aceptar la “lotería genética” y, en consecuencia, los alcances y límites de la medicina genómicaO desenvolvimento da genética molecular nas últimas décadas produziu grandes mudanças nos conhecimentos sobre a fisiopatologia das doenças, modificando os critérios de diagnóstico e de tratamento, e enfrentando o médico com novos conceitos provenientes de uma avalanche tecnológica que é incrementada dia a dia. Nosso objetivo é expor

Actualización en los tratamientos alternativos en el síndrome de dolor-disfunción craneomandibular

OpenAIRE

Brescó Salinas, Vicente Miguel; Méndez Blanco, Víctor Manuel; Vázquez Delgado, Eduardo; Gay Escoda, Cosme

1997-01-01

Realizamos una revisión bibliográfica sobre los diferentes tipos de tratamiento alternativo en aquellos casos en los que fracasa la terapia convencional en el síndrome de dolor-disfunción craneomandibular y en los cuales la cirugía no sea la terapia de elección; haciendo una clasificación actualizada de los mismos, siendo estos: terapia psíquica (terapia de relajación muscular y control y manejo del estrés), terapia física realizada por el propio paciente y asistida por un fisioterapeuta, ter...

Microbial diversity in the floral nectar of Linaria vulgaris along an urbanization gradient.

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Bartlewicz, Jacek; Lievens, Bart; Honnay, Olivier; Jacquemyn, Hans

2016-03-30

Microbes are common inhabitants of floral nectar and are capable of influencing plant-pollinator interactions. All studies so far investigated microbial communities in floral nectar in plant populations that were located in natural environments, but nothing is known about these communities in nectar of plants inhabiting urban environments. However, at least some microbes are vectored into floral nectar by pollinators, and because urbanization can have a profound impact on pollinator communities and plant-pollinator interactions, it can be expected that it affects nectar microbes as well. To test this hypothesis, we related microbial diversity in floral nectar to the degree of urbanization in the late-flowering plant Linaria vulgaris. Floral nectar was collected from twenty populations along an urbanization gradient and culturable bacteria and yeasts were isolated and identified by partially sequencing the genes coding for small and large ribosome subunits, respectively. A total of seven yeast and 13 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were found at 3 and 1% sequence dissimilarity cut-offs, respectively. In agreement with previous studies, Metschnikowia reukaufii and M. gruessi were the main yeast constituents of nectar yeast communities, whereas Acinetobacter nectaris and Rosenbergiella epipactidis were the most frequently found bacterial species. Microbial incidence was high and did not change along the investigated urbanization gradient. However, microbial communities showed a nested subset structure, indicating that species-poor communities were a subset of species-rich communities. The level of urbanization was putatively identified as an important driver of nestedness, suggesting that environmental changes related to urbanization may impact microbial communities in floral nectar of plants growing in urban environments.

The effect of flower position on variation and covariation in floral traits in a wild hermaphrodite plant

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Du Guo-Zhen

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Floral traits within plants can vary with flower position or flowering time. Within an inflorescence, sexual allocation of early produced basal flowers is often female-biased while later produced distal flowers are male-biased. Such temporal adjustment of floral resource has been considered one of the potential advantages of modularity (regarding a flower as a module in hermaphrodites. However, flowers are under constraints of independent evolution of a given trait. To understand flower diversification within inflorescences, here we examine variation and covariation in floral traits within racemes at the individual and the maternal family level respectively in an alpine herb Aconitum gymnandrum (Ranunculaceae. Results We found that floral traits varied significantly with flower position and among families, and position effects were family-specific. Most of the variance of floral traits was among individuals rather than among flowers within individuals or among families. Significant phenotypic correlations between traits were not affected by position, indicating trait integration under shared developmental regulation. In contrast, positive family-mean correlations in floral traits declined gradually from basal to distal flowers (nine significant correlations among floral traits in basal flowers and only three in distal flowers, showing position-specificity. Therefore, the pattern and magnitude of genetic correlations decreased with flower position. Conclusions This finding on covariation pattern in floral reproductive structures within racemes has not been revealed before, providing insights into temporal variation and position effects in floral traits within plants and the potential advantages of modularity in hermaphrodites.

Floral heterochrony promotes flexibility of reproductive strategies in the morphologically homogeneous genus Eugenia (Myrtaceae).

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Vasconcelos, Thais N C; Lucas, Eve J; Faria, Jair E Q; Prenner, Gerhard

2018-01-25

Comparative floral ontogeny represents a valuable tool to understand angiosperm evolution. Such an approach may elucidate subtle changes in development that discretely modify floral architecture and underlie reproductive lability in groups with superficial homogeneous morphology. This study presents a comparative survey of floral development in Eugenia (Myrtaceae), one of the largest genera of angiosperms, and shows how previously undocumented ontogenetic trends help to explain the evolution of its megadiversity in contrast to its apparent flower uniformity. Using scanning electron microscopy, selected steps of the floral ontogeny of a model species (Eugenia punicifolia) are described and compared with 20 further species representing all ten major clades in the Eugenia phylogenetic tree. Additional floral trait data are contrasted for correlation analysis and character reconstructions performed against the Myrtaceae phylogenetic tree. Eugenia flowers show similar organ arrangement patterns: radially symmetrical, (most commonly) tetramerous flowers with variable numbers of stamens and ovules. Despite a similar general organization, heterochrony is evident from size differences between tissues and structures at similar developmental stages. These differences underlie variable levels of investment in protection, subtle modifications to symmetry, herkogamic effects and independent androecium and gynoecium variation, producing a wide spectrum of floral display and contributing to fluctuations in fitness. During Eugenia's bud development, the hypanthium (as defined here) is completely covered by stamen primordia, unusual in other Myrtaceae. This is the likely plesiomorphic state for Myrteae and may have represented a key evolutionary novelty in the tribe. Floral evolution in Eugenia depends on heterochronic patterns rather than changes in complexity to promote flexibility in floral strategies. The successful early establishment of Myrteae, previously mainly linked to the

The relationship between nectaries and floral architecture: a case study in Geraniaceae and Hypseocharitaceae.

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Jeiter, Julius; Hilger, Hartmut H; Smets, Erik F; Weigend, Maximilian

2017-11-10

Flowers of Geraniaceae and Hypseocharitaceae are generally considered as morphologically simple. However, previous studies indicated complex diversity in floral architecture including tendencies towards synorganization. Most of the species have nectar-rewarding flowers which makes the nectaries a key component of floral organization and architecture. Here, the development of the floral nectaries is studied and placed into the context of floral architecture. Seven species from Geraniaceae and one from Hypseocharitaceae were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Samples were prepared and processed using standard protocols. The development of the nectary glands follows the same trajectory in all species studied. Minor differences occur in the onset of nectarostomata development. The most striking finding is the discovery that a short anthophore develops via intercalary growth at the level of the nectary glands. This anthophore lifts up the entire flower apart from the nectary gland itself and thus plays an important role in floral architecture, especially in the flowers of Pelargonium. Here, the zygomorphic flowers show a particularly extensive receptacular growth, resulting in the formation of a spur-like receptacular cavity ('inner spur'). The nectary gland is hidden at the base of the cavity. Various forms of compartmentalization, culminating in the 'revolver flower' of Geranium maderense, are described. Despite the superficial similarity of the flowers in Geraniaceae and Hypseocharitaceae, there is broad diversity in floral organization and floral architecture. While the receptacular origin of the spur-like cavity in Pelargonium had already been described, anthophore formation via intercalary growth of the receptacle in the other genera had not been previously documented. In the context of the most recent phylogenies of the families, an evolutionary series for the floral architecture is proposed, underscoring the importance of

Comparative GC analyses of ripe fruits, leaves and floral buds essential oils of Tunisian Myrtus communis L.

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Ahmed Snoussi

2014-07-01

Full Text Available The chemical composition of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from Tunisian wild growing myrtle ripe fruits, leaves and floral buds was examined by GC and GC-MS. The yields of hydrodistilled oils obtained from different plant parts were: leaves 0.5%, floral buds 0.2% and ripe fruits 0.02%. Significant differences were found in the concentration of main constituents of the oils: α-pinene [48.9% (floral buds, 34.3% (fruits, 23.7% (leaves], 1,8-cineole [15.3% (floral buds, 26.6% (fruits, 61.0% (leaves]. The leaves oil contained less linalool than floral buds and ripe fruits oils. Tunisian myrtle is characterized by the absence of myrtenyl acetate.

Floral Reversion in Arabidopsis suecica Is Correlated with the Onset of Flowering and Meristem Transitioning.

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Amelia Asbe

Full Text Available Angiosperm flowers are usually determinate structures that may produce seeds. In some species, flowers can revert from committed flower development back to an earlier developmental phase in a process called floral reversion. The allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica displays photoperiod-dependent floral reversion in a subset of its flowers, yet little is known about the environmental conditions enhancing this phenotype, or the morphological processes leading to reversion. We have used light and electron microscopy to further describe this phenomenon. Additionally, we have further studied the phenology of flowering and floral reversion in A. suecica. In this study we confirm and expand upon our previous findings that floral reversion in the allopolyploid A. suecica is photoperiod-dependent, and show that its frequency is correlated with the timing for the onset of flowering. Our results also suggest that floral reversion in A. suecica displays natural variation in its penetrance between geographic populations of A. suecica.

Programa de Terapia de Remotivação em idosos institucionalizados: estudo piloto Programa de Terapia de Remotivación para adultos mayores institucionalizados: estudio piloto Remotivation Therapy Program for institutionalized elders: pilot study

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Lia Araújo

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O desenvolvimento da Terapia de Remotivação na intervenção gerontológica, apesar de recente, tem vindo a demonstrar um impacto positivo, tanto em idosos com demência leve com algum comprometimento funcional e cognitivo, como em idosos autónomos e independentes. As experiências reportadas apontam para uma melhoria da interação entre indivíduos, o que contribui para a sua integração social e aumento da autoestima. Este artigo procura analisar os benefícios de um Programa de Terapia de Remotivação para idosos institucionalizados (ProTR, aos níveis da sintomatologia depressiva, ânimo e participação. Os sujeitos foram 14, divididos em duas condições: grupo experimental (que participou nas sessões do ProTR e grupo de controlo (sem intervenção. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala Geriátrica de Ânimo, a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e a Escala de Avaliação do Comportamento na Remotivação. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o ProTR contribuiu para a diminuição da sintomatologia depressiva após a intervenção e para o aumento do ânimo no follow-up. Os benefícios encontrados neste estudo piloto justificam o futuro desenvolvimento e avaliação deste programa, nomeadamente junto de outras populações.El desarrollo de la Terapia de Remotivacióon en la intervención gerontológica, a pesar de ser reciente, ha demostrado tener un impacto positivo tanto en pacientes mayores con demencia leve con alguno deterioro funcional y cognitivo, como en mayores autónomos e independientes. Los experimentos reportados señalan una mejora de la interacción entre individuos, lo que contribuye a su integración y aumento de la autoestima. Este estudio procura analizar los beneficios de un Programa de Terapia de Remotivación para adultos mayores institucionalizados (ProTR en lo que concierne los niveles de sintomatología depresiva, ánimo y participación. Hubo 14 articipantes, divididos en dos grupos: el experimental (que

Terapia cognitivo-comportamental da depressão Cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression

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Vania Bitencourt Powell

2008-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever o uso de técnicas cognitivas e revisar os estudos de eficácia da terapia cognitivo-comportamental no tratamento da depressão. MÉTODO: Revisão não-sistemática proveniente dos estudos originais, complementada por informações provenientes de metanálises e livros-texto especializados. RESULTADOS: Foram descritos os fundamentos da terapia cognitivo-comportamental no tratamento da depressão e revisadas as evidências de eficácia em curto e longo prazo. Discutimos igualmente o uso de tratamento farmacológico concomitante à terapia cognitivo-comportamental. CONCLUSÕES: A terapia cognitivo-comportamental é uma das abordagens que apresentam mais evidências empíricas de eficácia no tratamento da depressão, quer oferecida de forma isolada ou em combinação com farmacoterapia.OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of cognitive techniques and to review studies on the efficacy of CBT in the treatment of depression. METHOD: A non-systematic review of the literature of original studies complemented with data from meta-analyses and specialized textbooks. RESULTS: The fundamentals of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of depression are described and the evidence of short- and long-term efficacy is reviewed. The use of pharmacological therapy in conjunction with CBT is also discussed. CONCLUSIONS: CBT in the treatment of depression is one of the therapeutic modalities with the highest empirical evidence of efficacy, whether applied alone or in combination with pharmacotherapy.

Las citoquininas están asociadas al desarrollo floral de plantas de Solidago x luteus en días cortos

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Flórez Víctor Julio

2008-08-01

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En Solidago × luteus (M.L. Greene Brouillet y Semple (= × Solidaster hybridus,× S. luteus, planta comercializada principalmente para flor de corte, el proceso de inducción floral es dependiente de las condiciones fotoperiódicas ambientales. Con el objetivo de determinar la acción de las citoquininas en este proceso, se analizó su presencia en condiciones fotoperiódicas opuestas: días largos (DL de 18 h y días cortos (DC de 8 h. En la primera fase del ensayo, con el fin de analizar la respuesta de las plantas a fitohormonas con frecuencia semanal de aplicación, se realizaron los siguientes tratamientos: 1 ácido giberélico (GA₃ 10^-4M, 6-benzilaminopurina (6-BA 4x10^-4 M y GA₃ 10^-4 M más 6-BA 4x10^-4 M; 2 GA₃ 10^-4M, kinetina (KI 4x10^-4 M y GA₃ 10^-4 M más KI 4x10^-4 M y 3 KI 4x10^-4 M. Con el objeto de conocer la concentración endógena de hormonas, en la segunda fase los extractos vegetales se analizaron a través de cromatografía en capa fina y cuantificados por el ensayo inmunoenzimático de Elisa, previa separación por cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia. Los resultados permitieron determinar la actividad citoquinínica en extractos provenientes de hojas y de botones florales de plantas en el inicio de los tratamientos, en DL y en DC. Se demostró que la aplicación de KI acelera la antesis floral, evidenciando la relación de citoquininas endógenas con el proceso de desarrollo floral. Por último, de los resultados obtenidos de los extractos sometidos a Elisa se sugiere la participación de las citoquininas en el proceso de antesis floral de S.× luteus, donde la iPA (isopentenil adenosina tendría una acción importante al ser transportada rápidamente de la hoja al botón floral en DC, posibilitando tal vez la mayor

La Ética de Spinoza: una terapia del amor mediante el conocimiento

OpenAIRE

Caravedo Duran, Joan Enrique

2016-01-01

La presente investigación tiene por objeto indagar la relación entre los procesos afectivos, haciendo especial énfasis en el afecto del amor, y los primeros dos géneros del conocimiento en Spinoza: la imaginación y la razón. Para ello, el documento inicio con una indagación metafísica y física de la filosofía spinoziana, que procura un esclarecimiento del vínculo entre estos elementos y el conocimiento. Por último, la tesis adelanta la complicada relación, que Spinoza mantiene,...

Visitantes florales nocturnos del girasol (Helianthus annuus, Asterales: Asteraceae en la Argentina

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Juan P TORRETTA

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El girasol (Helianthus annuus es un cultivo oleaginoso, polinizado por Apis mellifera L. y otras abejas en distintas regiones del mundo. Sin embargo, sus flores también son visitadas por insectos de actividad nocturna. Durante tres campañas agrícolas, se determinó la diversidad de los visitantes nocturnos de capítulos de girasol, en cinco sitios de Argentina. También se estudió el comportamiento de forrajeo de los principales visitantes y la variación de la receptividad estigmática a lo largo del día, con el fin de establecer si estos visitantes contribuyen a la polinización. Al menos 67 especies o morfoespecies pertenecientes a cuatro órdenes de visitantes nocturnos fueron colectadas. El orden más rico y abundante fue Lepidoptera (44 especies o morfoespecies, cinco familias, seguido por Coleoptera (18 especies o morfoespecies, nueve familias, Orthoptera (tres morfoespecies, una familia y Blattaria (dos especies, una familia. Los lepidópteros forrajearon exclusivamente por néctar, mientras que los individuos de los demás órdenes consumieron polen y/o partes florales. El estigma se encontró receptivo durante las horas de luz, con una receptividad máxima al mediodía (12:00 - 14:00. Llamativamente, las flores del girasol son visitadas por mayor número de polillas que de abejas. Debido a que las polillas consumen néctar y potencialmente transportan polen entre flores, en un momento del día en que los estigmas se encuentran menos receptivos, es improbable que polinicen efectivamente el cultivo.

Avances en terapia insulínica en la diabetes mellitus tipo 1: Aciertos y desaciertos Advances in insulin-therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus: Success and failures

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Tania Mayvel Espinosa Reyes

2007-04-01

Full Text Available La historia del desarrollo del tratamiento farmacológico de la diabetes tuvo un capítulo esencial en el descubrimiento de la insulina y su introducción como terapia de la diabetes tipo 1. El conocimiento de sus complicaciones trajo consigo la necesidad de una terapia más sofisticada. Desde entonces, las preparaciones de insulina y las estrategias terapéuticas han ido desarrollándose inicialmente a expensas del origen de la insulina, y posteriormente con la incorporación de sustancias que modificaban su absorción. Ya en la década de los 90 surgieron entonces los análogos de la insulina, con una especial capacidad de cambio en su farmacocinética. Más adelante se introdujeron nuevas formas de liberación, que son, las bombas de infusión continua, los aerosoles y todo esto apoyado por nuevos sistemas de monitorización de la glucosa. En la última década el trasplante de islotes y la terapia génica con la obtención de células ß a partir de células madres pluripotenciales, aumentan las expectativas en este campo. Todos estos elementos confirman el interminable camino en la búsqueda de terapéuticas eficaces en el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Con este trabajo nos proponemos exponer los principales avances en materia de terapia insulínica y reflexionar sobre aciertos y desaciertos en su introducción.History of development of pharmacological treatment of diabetes had an essential chapter in descovery of insulin and its introduction as therapy of Type 1 diabetes. Knowledge of its complications, lead to the need of a more sophisticated therapy. Since then, insulin preparations and therapeutical strategies has been initially developing at the expense of insulin origin, and then with incorporation of substances modifying its absorption. As long as in 1990, emerged insulin analogues with an special change ability in its pharmacokinetics. Then, new ways of release were introduced, e.g. continuous infusion pumps, aerosols

Elaboración del duelo de una madre cuyo hijo trabajaba como sicario en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua

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Rosalía Delgado Durán

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo es parte de una investigación cualitativa sobre el proceso de ela - boración de duelo de la madre de un sicario en el contexto de una terapia Gestalt. Se utilizó para su análisis la perspectiva de las etapas del duelo de Kübler-Ross (2006:59- 119. La exacerbación de la violencia generada en buena medida por pugnas entre gru - pos del crimen organizado en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua (Martínez, 2008, ha dado como resultado una gran cantidad de muertes, una de ellas es el caso que nos ocupa. Si bien uno de los objetivos iniciales de la investigación era documentar y analizar las etapas en el desarrollo del duelo de una madre a partir del fallecimiento de su hijo, este se replanteó durante el transcurso de la misma, ya que una de las características del duelo de esta madre es que inició justo cuando se enteró del trabajo que él realizaba.

Caracterização dos pacientes atendidos pela terapia ocupacional em uma unidade de terapia intensiva adulto / Characterization of patients assisted by occupational therapy in adult intenvise care unit

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Silvia Mayumi Okuma

2017-11-01

by Occupational Therapy in an Adult Intensive Care Unit. The study consisted of an observational cross-sectional study in which 37 subjects were hospitalized in the adult ICU of a public hospital in the East of the city of São Paulo from June to August 2016. The presence of weakness, pain, reduced mobility, self-care limitation, bathing and hygiene were the most frequent among the participants according to gender, age and days of hospitalization. Cognitive deficit and memory complaints were the most prominent in the elderly group. ICU hospitalization and the process of illness may cause negative implications for the subject, such as motor and cognitive impairment and difficulties in activities of daily living. The data made it possible to identify the profile of the patients treated by Occupational Therapy in the adult ICU, which makes it possible to guide the practice itself.Keywords: Occupational Therapy, Intensive Care Unit, Adult. ResumenMuchos pacientes comparten de las malas experiencias vivenciadas durante la internação en UCI, las cuales desorganizan el sujeto. Identificar las necesidades del sujeto puede contribuir en la elaboración del plan de tratamiento adecuado a las demandas del paciente. De esa forma, se resalta la importancia de identificar el perfil de los pacientes atendidos por la Terapia Ocupacional en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Adultos. Se realizó una investigación transversal observacional en que fueron evaluados 37 sujetos ingresados en la UCI de adultos de un hospital público de la Zona Este del municipio de São Paulo en el periodo de junio a agosto de 2016. Se verificó que presencia de flaqueza, dolor, movilidad reducida, limitación en el autocuidado, baño e higiene fueron los más presentes entre los participantes de los grupos según género, edad y días de internação. Déficit cognitivo y queja de memoria fueron los más elencados en el grupo de los ancianos. La internação en la UCI y el proceso de adoecimento

Varianti genetiche associate al rimodellamento inverso dopo terapia di resincronizzazione cardiaca

OpenAIRE

De Maria, Renata; Lunati, M.; Landolina, M.; Gasparini, M.; Schmitz, Boris; Sanzo, A.; Galimberti, P.; Campolo, J.; Parolini, M.; Brand, S.M.; Parodi, O.

2011-01-01

In pazienti con scompenso cardiaco cronico sistolico (HF) la terapia di resincronizzazione cardiaca (CRT) determina effetti favorevoli sulle dimensioni e la funzione ventricolare noti come rimodellamento inverso (RR).

Chloride absorption by root, leaf and floral tissues of Petunia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jooste, J.H.

1980-01-01

Chloride absorption by root, leaf and floral tissues of Petunia was compared at two temperatures (30 and 2 degrees Celcius), employing different absorption periods, and in the presence and absence of a desorption treatment. All treatments revealed highest absorption by floral tissue. This was further confirmed by the absorption of chloride by the various tissues from solutions in the low (0-1 mM) and high (1-50 mM) concentration ranges. The results offer a possible explanation for the observed effects of organic and inorganic solutes on the longevity of cut flowers [af

Sintomas vocais auditivos e proprioceptivos pré e pós-terapia de grupo de pacientes com disfonia

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Hamanda Rhayssa Medeiros Costa Vital

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: comparar os sintomas auditivos, proprioceptivos e os totais pré e pós-terapia de grupo de pacientes com disfonia, além de associar o número de sintomas vocais às variáveis sexo, faixa etária, uso profissional da voz e diagnóstico laríngeo. Métodos: participaram 27 pacientes inseridos em grupos terapêuticos. Todos responderam aos sintomas vocais auditivos, proprioceptivos e totais do Protocolo de Triagem Vocal (PTV pré e pós-terapia de grupo, que constou de oito encontros, sendo o primeiro e último para aplicação do PTV; do segundo ao sétimo foram realizadas sessões terapêuticas fonoaudiológicas de abordagem eclética. Resultados: os participantes eram adultos, maioria do sexo feminino e diagnóstico laríngeo predominante de lesão na porção membranosa das pregas vocais. Pôde-se perceber que houve redução significante dos sintomas vocais proprioceptivos e totais quando se comparou pré e pós-terapia. Minimizaram significantemente pós-terapia os sintomas vocais: fadiga vocal, garganta seca, bolo na garganta, esforço e desconforto ao falar. Houve associação entre sintomas vocais (proprioceptivos, auditivos e totais pós-terapia de grupo com as variáveis sexo feminino e diagnóstico laríngeo lesão de massa na porção membranosa das pregas vocais. Não houve associação dos sintomas vocais pós-terapia com faixa etária e nem uso profissional da voz. Conclusão: houve redução dos sintomas vocais totais e proprioceptivos relatados pelos pacientes ao comparar o pré e o pós-terapia. Houve associação entre sexo feminino e diagnóstico de lesão de massa na porção membranosa das pregas vocais com sintomas totais, proprioceptivos e auditivos pós-terapia de voz. A faixa etária e o uso profissional da voz não foram associados à redução dos sintomas vocais.

Los principios de la terapia neural desde los fundamentos del nervismo hasta la neurociencia actual The principles of neural therapy from the foundations of nervism to current neuroscience

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Faneth Toscano De La Torre

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: La terapia neural es un tipo de medicina alternativa de origen relativamente reciente, por lo cual constituye un sistema médico complejo en construcción. Hasta el momento, no se ha realizado una síntesis conceptual que permita formular los principios teóricos que sustentan su corpus doctrinario como sistema médico complejo. Objetivo: Formular los principios teóricos que sustentan el corpus doctrinario de la terapia neural. Metodología: Se revisó la literatura de la escuela neurofisiológica inglesa, la escuela rusa pavloviana, además de trabajos de investigación en el área de terapia neural, para poder realizar la formulación de los principios con un carácter general y de este modo sustentarlos en premisas que de preferencia cumplieran con las características de inducción cualitativa, las cuales desde la lógica peirceana confieren un alto grado de veracidad y rigurosidad lógico-científica. Resultados: Se realizó una síntesis lógica de las inferencias, de las que se obtuvieron 7 enunciados con el estatuto final de principio. Conclusiones: La descripción de los principios realizada en este trabajo es un aporte para la construcción del corpus doctrinario de la terapia neural como sistema médico complejo. Salud UIS 2012; 44 (2:57-65Introduction: Neural therapy is a type of alternative medicine of relatively recent origin, so is a complex medical system under construction. So far, it has not made a conceptual synthesis that allows formulating the theoretical principles underpinning its doctrinal corpus as complex medical system. Objective: To develop the theoretical principles that underlines the doctrinal corpus of neural therapy. Methodology: Literature review neurophysiological school English Russian Pavlovian school, in addition to research in the area of neural therapy, in order to make the formulation of a general principles and thus sustain them in premises of preference comply with the qualitative

Floral biology and breeding system of three Ipomoea weeds Biologia floral e sistema reprodutivo de três espécies daninhas de Ipomoea

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R.C.S. Maimoni-Rodella

2007-03-01

Full Text Available The floral biology of three weeds, Ipomoea cairica, I. grandifolia and I. nil (Convolvulaceae, was studied in Botucatu and Jaboticabal, São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil. The three species are melittophilous, with a varied set of floral visitors, but with some overlapping. Cluster analysis using Jacquard similarity index indicated a greater similarity among different plant species in the same locality than among the populations at different places, in relation to floral visitor sets. The promiscuous and opportunistic features of the flowers were shown, with such type of adaptation to pollination being advantageous to weeds since pollinator availability is unpredictable at ruderal environments.A biologia floral de Ipomoea cairica, I. grandifolia e I. nil - plantas daninhas da família Convolvulaceae - foi estudada em Botucatu e Jaboticabal, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. As três espécies são melitófilas, apresentando conjuntos de visitantes florais bastante diversificados, embora haja alguma sobreposição entre eles. Com relação aos visitantes florais, a análise de agrupamento, empregando-se o índice de similaridade de Jaccard, indicou maior similaridade entre diferentes espécies de Ipomoea ocorrentes no mesmo local do que entre populações da mesma espécie em diferentes localidades. O caráter promíscuo e oportunista da adaptação à polinização, presente nessas espécies, foi demonstrado, sendo essa adaptação vantajosa para plantas daninhas, uma vez que em ambientes ruderais a disponibilidade de polinizadores é imprevisível.

Factores de riesgo de neumonía nosocomial en terapia intensiva. Hospital “Dr. Ernesto Guevara”

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Yadira Santiesteban Escalona

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio analítico, de tipo caso control pareados 1:2, para determinar los factores de riesgo de neumonía nosocomial en pacientes ingresados en terapia intensiva del Hospital “Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna” de Las Tunas, en el período de enero de 2010 a diciembre de 2011. El universo fue de 1035 pacientes ingresados en terapia intensiva (UCI, en dicho período, de ellos constituyeron la muestra, denominada “casos”, 56 pacientes que desarrollaron Neumonía Nosocomial durante su estadía en UCI. Para el “control” de los factores de confusión, por cada caso, se parearon dos pacientes sin diagnóstico de neumonía. La información se obtuvo de fuentes secundarias (historias clínicas. A los casos y a los controles se les llenó una planilla de vaciamiento de datos con las variables analizadas. Los datos se procesaron utilizando el paquete de programas estadísticos Epinfo, versión 6. Para el estudio de los factores de riesgo se realizaron análisis univariados, evaluándose: ODDS RATIO, intervalo de confianza y probabilidad. Resultaron ser factores de riesgo para presentar neumonía nosocomial: la intubación endotraqueal, los trastornos de conciencia, el aislamiento de bacilos no fermentadores, citrobacter diversus y/o klebsiella ssp., haber requerido neurocirugía, el uso de tratamiento antibiótico previo, antiácidos anti H2, nutrición parenteral y la estadía en UCI mayor de siete días.

Terapia y modificación de la conducta en el grupo familiar

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Rafael Navarro Cueva

1983-12-01

Full Text Available Se hace una breve reseña de la evolución de la terapia comportamental. Se enfatiza el paso de un interés exclusivo por el organismo individual a grupos de organismos. Se analiza la aplicación de los principios conductuales al tratamiento del niño y cómo lo anterior llevó a utilizar, primero, a los miembros de la familia como agentes de cambio y, luego, a conceptuar la familia como un sistema complejo de contingencias. Se revisa la concepción conductual de la familia y sus aplicaciones terapéuticas.   A brief account of the development of Behavior Therapy is done with special emphasis on the evolution from an interest centered upon one organism to a concern for groups of organisms. An analysis is made about how the application of Behavior Therapy to the treatment of children made possible the utilization of the family as a change agent and a conceptualisation of the family as a complex system of contingencies. A revision is made of this view of the family and its applications.

Terapéutica holística en una paciente con gingivitis descamativa crónica

OpenAIRE

Oliveros Noriega-Roldán, Silvana; Ortiz Moncada, Clara; Pérez Martínez, Manuel Antonio; Castellanos Ortiz, Betania; Cobián Mena, Alberto Erconvaldo

2015-01-01

Se describe el caso clínico de una paciente con gingivitis descamativa crónica, atendida en el Departamento de Periodoncia de la Clínica Estomatológica Provincial Docente "Mártires del Moncada" de Santiago de Cuba, en quien el tratamiento convencional no proporcionó resultados favorables, por lo cual se recurrió a la combinación de las terapias neural, acupuntural y periodontal y la aplicación de hipnosis, cuya combinación solucionó tan grave proceso inflamatorio, además de elevar la autoesti...

Cuidados paliativos para idosos na unidade de terapia intensiva: revisão sistemática

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Anelise Coelho da Fonseca

2012-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O uso de tecnologia médica intervencionista em pacientes idosos em estado terminal necessita ser associado aos cuidados paliativos como medidas de suporte clínico na terapia intensiva. Esse recurso auxilia nas decisões ao final da vida do paciente e direciona a atenção da equipe de saúde para garantir o conforto do paciente e a satisfação da família. O prolongamento da vida sem a implementação de ações que visem amenizar sintomas, como dor e dispneia, contribui para o estresse familiar e a morte com sofrimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer os avanços no uso dos cuidados paliativos na unidade de terapia intensiva. MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática sobre a relação entre cuidados paliativos aos idosos e a terapia intensiva nos portais Medline e Bireme. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 29 artigos, que mostram experiências de cuidados paliativos em unidades de terapia intensiva utilizando as variáveis "satisfação da família quando participa das discussões sobre os cuidados paliativos" e "dificuldades na implementação desse tipo de cuidado por falta de capacitação técnica dos profissionais". CONCLUSÃO: O tema "cuidados paliativos" deve ser aprofundado visando melhorar a relação entre pacientes, seus familiares e a equipe de saúde. Considerando o aumento do número de idosos na terapia intensiva, é fundamental melhorar a capacitação do profissional de saúde para enfrentar os desafios que envolvem a terminalidade da vida.

Floral and mating system divergence in secondary sympatry: testing an alternative hypothesis to reinforcement in Clarkia

Science.gov (United States)

Briscoe Runquist, Ryan D.; Moeller, David A.

2014-01-01

Background and Aims Reproductive character displacement (RCD) is often an important signature of reinforcement when partially cross-compatible taxa meet in secondary sympatry. In this study, floral evolution is examined during the Holocene range expansion of Clarkia xantiana subsp. parviflora from eastern Pleistocene refugia to a western zone of sympatry with its sister taxon, subsp. xantiana. Floral divergence between the two taxa is greater in sympatry than allopatry. The goal was to test an alternative hypothesis to reinforcement – that floral divergence of sympatric genotypes is simply a by-product of adaptation to pollination environments that differ between the allopatric and sympatric portions of the subspecies' range. Methods Floral trait data from two common garden studies were used to examine floral divergence between sympatric and allopatric regions and among phylogeographically defined lineages. In natural populations of C. x. parviflora, the magnitude of pollen limitation and reproductive assurance were quantified across its west-to-east range. Potted sympatric and allopatric genotypes were also reciprocally translocated between geographical regions to distinguish between the effects of floral phenotype versus contrasting pollinator environments on reproductive ecology. Key Results Sympatric populations are considerably smaller flowered with reduced herkogamy. Pollen limitation and the reproductive assurance value of selfing are greater in sympatric than in allopatric populations. Most significantly, reciprocal translocation experiments showed these differences in reproductive ecology cannot be attributed to contrasting pollinator environments between the sympatric and allopatric regions, but instead reflect the effects of flower size on pollinator attraction. Conclusions Floral evolution occurred during the westward range expansion of parviflora, particularly in the zone of sympatry with xantiana. No evidence was found that strongly reduced flower

Floral and mating system divergence in secondary sympatry: testing an alternative hypothesis to reinforcement in Clarkia.

Science.gov (United States)

Briscoe Runquist, Ryan D; Moeller, David A

2014-01-01

Reproductive character displacement (RCD) is often an important signature of reinforcement when partially cross-compatible taxa meet in secondary sympatry. In this study, floral evolution is examined during the Holocene range expansion of Clarkia xantiana subsp. parviflora from eastern Pleistocene refugia to a western zone of sympatry with its sister taxon, subsp. xantiana. Floral divergence between the two taxa is greater in sympatry than allopatry. The goal was to test an alternative hypothesis to reinforcement - that floral divergence of sympatric genotypes is simply a by-product of adaptation to pollination environments that differ between the allopatric and sympatric portions of the subspecies' range. Floral trait data from two common garden studies were used to examine floral divergence between sympatric and allopatric regions and among phylogeographically defined lineages. In natural populations of C. x. parviflora, the magnitude of pollen limitation and reproductive assurance were quantified across its west-to-east range. Potted sympatric and allopatric genotypes were also reciprocally translocated between geographical regions to distinguish between the effects of floral phenotype versus contrasting pollinator environments on reproductive ecology. Sympatric populations are considerably smaller flowered with reduced herkogamy. Pollen limitation and the reproductive assurance value of selfing are greater in sympatric than in allopatric populations. Most significantly, reciprocal translocation experiments showed these differences in reproductive ecology cannot be attributed to contrasting pollinator environments between the sympatric and allopatric regions, but instead reflect the effects of flower size on pollinator attraction. Floral evolution occurred during the westward range expansion of parviflora, particularly in the zone of sympatry with xantiana. No evidence was found that strongly reduced flower size in sympatric parviflora (and RCD between

Hacia una terapia neuroprotectora con cannabinoides en la enfermedad de Huntington : estudios preclínicos y clínicos

OpenAIRE

Valdeolivas Rojas, Sara

2017-01-01

La enfermedad de Huntington (EH) es una enfermedad con herencia autosómica dominante causada por una mutación en el gen IT15, que codifica la proteína huntingtina (HTT). Esta proteína presenta una amplia expresión células de mamíferos y, aunque su función exacta no es totalmente conocida, se sabe que está relacionada con la modulación de procesos celulares tales como transcripción génica, señalización celular, metabolismo energético y neurogénesis. La mutación consiste en una expansión excesi...

A terapia cognitiva de Aaron Beck como reflexividade na alta modernidade: uma sociologia do conhecimento

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Cláudio Ivan de Oliveira

Full Text Available Uma sociologia do conhecimento interpreta a produção do conhecimento como vinculada a situações sociais. Partindo dessa premissa epistemológica, nosso artigo objetivou interpretar a terapia cognitiva de Aaron Beck como conhecimento construído e construtor do fenômeno de reflexividade da alta modernidade, conforme interpretada por Anthony Giddens. Nossa hipótese é que a reorientação do sistema de crenças do cliente, proposta pela terapia cognitiva, é uma forma de reconstrução reflexiva da autoidentidade, visando superar conflitos típicos da instabilidade da alta modernidade. Assinalamos aspectos na terapia cognitiva que a identificam com a reflexividade, sobretudo a ideia de que a construção da autoidentidade é uma tarefa na qual o indivíduo se engaja reflexivamente.

Orchestration of Floral Initiation by APETALA1

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kaufmann, K.; Muino Acuna, J.M.

2010-01-01

The MADS-domain transcription factor APETALA1 (AP1) is a key regulator of Arabidopsis flower development. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying AP1 function, we identified its target genes during floral initiation using a combination of gene expression profiling and genome-wide binding

Floral vasculature and trichomes of common Indian Scrophulariaceae

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P. C. Datta

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The floral anatomy of 24 species of Scrophulariaceae was studied. The results show that although, clear anatomical bases to differentiate taxa are absent, the Pennell classification of subfamilies is strongly supported.

Embolectomía en una embolia pulmonar aguda masiva

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Manuel Carnero Alcázar

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Presentamos el caso de un varón de 57 años que, en el seno de un meningioma microcítico, padece una tromboembolia pulmonar masiva aguda con inestabilidad hemodinámica. Dado el riesgo de hemorragia por el tumor craneal, se contraindica la terapia fibrinolítica y se procede a practicar embolectomía pulmonar. Ésta se realiza bajo anestesia general, con canulación convencional y bajo hipotermia moderada. Se extrae émbolo en el tronco de la arteria pulmonar y con catéter de Fogarty se extraen émbolos en ramas lobares y segmentarias. Discutimos la asociación de enfermedad tromboembólica con determinadas neoplasias y el tratamiento de la tromboembolia pulmonar

The application of low frequency longitudinal guided wave mode for the inspection of multi-hole steel floral pipes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Z H; Xie, X D; Wu, B; Li, Y H; He, C F

2012-01-01

Shed-pipe grouting technology, an effective advanced supporting method, is often used in the excavation of soft strata. Steel floral pipes are one of the key load-carrying components of shed-pipe grouting supporting structures. Guided waves are a very attractive methodology to inspect multi-hole steel floral pipes as they offer long range inspection capability, mode and frequency tuning, and cost effectiveness. In this contribution, preliminary experiments are described for the inspection of steel floral pipes using a low frequency longitudinal guided wave mode, L(0,2). The relation between the number of grouting holes and the peak-to-peak amplitude of the first end-reflected signal was obtained. The effect of the grouting holes in steel floral pipes on the propagation velocity of the L(0,2) mode at 30 kHz was analyzed. Experimental results indicate that the typical grouting holes in steel floral pipe have no significant effect on the propagation of this mode. As a result, low frequency longitudinal guided wave modes have potential for the non-destructive long range inspection of multi-hole steel floral pipes. Furthermore, the propagation velocity of the investigated L(0,2) mode at 30 kHz decreases linearly with the increase of the number of grouting holes in a steel floral pipe. It is also noticeable that the effect of the grouting holes cumulates along with the increase in the number of grouting holes and subsequent increase in reflection times of longitudinal guided waves in the steel floral pipe. The application potential of the low frequency longitudinal guided wave technique for the inspection of embedded steel floral pipes is discussed.

Morphology of floral papillae in Maxillaria Ruiz & Pav. (Orchidaceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Davies, K L; Turner, M P

2004-01-01

The labellar papillae and trichomes of Maxillaria Ruiz & Pav. show great diversity. Although papillae also occur upon other parts of the flower (e.g. column and anther cap), these have not yet been studied. Labellar trichomes of Maxillaria are useful in taxonomy, but hitherto the taxonomic value of floral papillae has not been assessed. The aim of this paper is to describe the range of floral papillae found in Maxillaria and to determine whether papillae are useful as taxonomic characters. Light microscopy, histochemistry, low-vacuum scanning and transmission electron microscopy. A total of 75 taxa were studied. Conical papillae with rounded or pointed tips were the most common. The column and anther cap usually bear conical, obpyriform or villiform papillae, whereas those around the stigmatic surface and at the base of the anther are often larger and swollen. Labellar papillae show greater diversity, and may be conical, obpyriform, villiform, fusiform or clavate. Papillae may also occur on multiseriate trichomes that perhaps function as pseudostamens. Labellar papillae contain protein but most lack lipid. The occurrence of starch, however, is more variable. Many papillae contain pigment or act as osmophores, thereby attracting insects. Rewards such as nectar or a protein-rich, wax-like, lipoidal substance may be secreted by papillae onto the labellar surface. Some papillae may have a protective role in preventing desiccation. Species of diverse vegetative morphology may have identical floral papillae, whereas others of similar vegetative morphology may not. Generally, floral papillae in Maxillaria have little taxonomic value. Nevertheless, the absence of papillae from members of the M. cucullata alliance, the occurrence of clavate papillae with distended apices in the M. rufescens alliance and the presence of papillose trichomes in some species may yet prove to be useful.

Climate effects on phytoplankton floral composition in Chesapeake Bay

Science.gov (United States)

Harding, L. W.; Adolf, J. E.; Mallonee, M. E.; Miller, W. D.; Gallegos, C. L.; Perry, E. S.; Johnson, J. M.; Sellner, K. G.; Paerl, H. W.

2015-09-01

Long-term data on floral composition of phytoplankton are presented to document seasonal and inter-annual variability in Chesapeake Bay related to climate effects on hydrology. Source data consist of the abundances of major taxonomic groups of phytoplankton derived from algal photopigments (1995-2004) and cell counts (1985-2007). Algal photopigments were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and analyzed using the software CHEMTAX to determine the proportions of chlorophyll-a (chl-a) in major taxonomic groups. Cell counts determined microscopically provided species identifications, enumeration, and dimensions used to obtain proportions of cell volume (CV), plasma volume (PV), and carbon (C) in the same taxonomic groups. We drew upon these two independent data sets to take advantage of the unique strengths of each method, using comparable quantitative measures to express floral composition for the main stem bay. Spatial and temporal variability of floral composition was quantified using data aggregated by season, year, and salinity zone. Both time-series were sufficiently long to encompass the drought-flood cycle with commensurate effects on inputs of freshwater and solutes. Diatoms emerged as the predominant taxonomic group, with significant contributions by dinoflagellates, cryptophytes, and cyanobacteria, depending on salinity zone and season. Our analyses revealed increased abundance of diatoms in wet years compared to long-term average (LTA) or dry years. Results are presented in the context of long-term nutrient over-enrichment of the bay, punctuated by inter-annual variability of freshwater flow that strongly affects nutrient loading, chl-a, and floral composition. Statistical analyses generated flow-adjusted diatom abundance and showed significant trends late in the time series, suggesting current and future decreases of nutrient inputs may lead to a reduction of the proportion of biomass comprised by diatoms in an increasingly diverse

O pessegueiro no sistema de pomar compacto: III. Épocas de poda drástica na diferenciação floral The peach meadow orchards: III. Time of drastic pruning on floral differentiation

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Wilson Barbosa

1990-01-01

Full Text Available Pesquisou-se, na região de Jundiaí, SP (23°8'S, a influência das épocas de poda drástica na diferenciação floral dos pessegueiros Tropical' e 'Aurora-2', conduzidos em alta densidade de plantio (1.667 plantas por hectare. Realizaram-se tais podas em 30 de setembro, 30 de outubro e 30 de novembro de 1986. Coletaram-se as gemas para análise mensalmente, a partir do 30° dia da poda: constatou-se, através de cortes histológicos das gemas, que a poda drástica precoce, de 30 de setembro, não prejudicou a diferenciação floral dos pessegueiros, que se iniciou em fevereiro, a cerca de cinco meses da decepa; em abril, a maioria das gemas de flancos encontrava-se com as sépalas, as pétalas, os estames e o pistilo completamente formados. As demais épocas de poda interferiram no processo de diferenciação floral, reduzindo o número de botões florais e, conseqüentemente, a densidade florífera das plantas. Nos pessegueiros conduzidos com poda normal, a organogênese floral, processada no início do verão (dezembro-janeiro, persistiu até o outono (abril.This paper reports the effect of three different dates of severe pruning on floral differentiation of peach trees of the cultivars Tropical and Aurora-2, conducted on a meadow orchards system. The peach trees were pruned in 1986, at the 30th day of September, October and November. The experimental plots were located at the Experiment Station of Jundiaí, (23º08'S, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The lateral buds of the peach tree branches were first collected for analysis at the 30th day after pruning and on a monthly basis afterwards. Through histological studies made on longitudinal sections of the buds, it was observed that the severe pruning of September 30th, did not change the peach tree reproductive development The floral differentiation began in February, i. e., five months after pruning and produced sequentially: the petals, sepals, stamens and

Aspectos de biologia floral de cajueiros anão precoce e comum Floral biology aspects of the early dwarf and common cashew

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Larissa Barbosa de Sousa

2007-06-01

Full Text Available O conhecimento da biologia floral é de suma importância para o desenvolvimento da cultura do cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale L.. Com relação aos aspectos botânicos, as características morfológicas das flores contribuíram efetivamente para a determinação das espécies do gênero Anacarduim conhecidas. No presente trabalho, objetivou-se estudar a biologia floral dos cajueiros anão precoce e comum. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na área experimental do Departamento de Fitotecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Piauí, em Teresina, PI, avaliando-se nove clones de cajueiro anão ("CAP 14", "Embrapa 09", "Embrapa 50", "Embrapa 51", "Embrapa 76", "Embrapa 183", "Embrapa 189", "FAGA 01", "FAGA 11" e um clone de cajueiro comum ("CCA", utilizando-se quatro panículas por planta, cada uma com orientação norte, sul, leste e oeste. Os tipos varietais, cajueiro comum e anão precoce, apresentam pouca variação para a maioria dos caracteres avaliados. A proporção entre flores hermafroditas e o total de flores, em cajueiro comum, pode levá-lo a uma maior produção de frutos por panícula do que nos clones de cajueiro anão precoce analisados. O número de frutos desenvolvidos é bastante reduzido nos dois tipos varietais. As panículas situadas em diferentes orientações cardeais são semelhantes em todos os clones estudados quanto aos aspectos relacionados à biologia floral do cajueiro.The knowledge of the floral biology is very important for the development of the cashew's culture (Anacardium occidentale L.. In relation to botanical aspects, the morphological characteristics of flowers contributed effective to determination of the well-known species of Anacardium. It was aimed at studing the floral biology of the early dwarf and common cashew. The research was developed in the experimental area of the Department of Fitotecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Piauí, in Teresina, PI, and nine

ANÁLISE DAS COMPLICAÇÕES DO USO DA VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA EM CRIANÇAS DE UMA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA PEDIÁTRICA

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DENIZIELLE DE JESUS

2008-01-01

Full Text Available La insuficiencia respiratoria aguda es una de las situaciones que puede provocar la entubación traqueal del niño. Se objetivó analizar las complicaciones de la ventilación mecánica en niños de una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica. Estudio transversal, cuantitativo, con muestra de 72 niños en soporte de ventilación. Los datos se recogieron a través de un formulario de septiembre a diciembre de 2006, presentados en tablas y gráficos. En los resultados, las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron la entubación accidental y la entubación selectiva. El promedio de ventilación mecánica (VM fue de 21 días y 4 horas. Concluimos que la asistencia a la VM aún representa un gran reto para los profesionales que precisan buscar alternativas para minimizar las complicaciones relacionadas al cuidado dado al niño en estado grave.

Qualidade dos produtos de terapias avançadas: requisitos de células extensamente manipuladas usadas em terapias celulares e em bioengenharia

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Rosana Bizon Carias

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Introdução: O preparo de produtos para terapias avançadas inclui, frequentemente, a manipulação extensa de células primárias in vitro, o que pode acarretar em alterações da população celular final. A padronização dos métodos de obtenção das culturas, seguindo as regras das Boas Práticas de Fabricação, com a realização dos controles de qualidade do processo e do produto final, é essencial para garantir a segurança do paciente e a comparabilidade dos resultados clínicos obtidos. Objetivo: Este estudo buscou identificar os ensaios, prevalentemente citados na literatura científica ou em normas sanitárias, aplicados na avaliação da qualidade de células primárias humanas, passíveis de serem inseridos na rotina dos Centros de Processamento Celular. Método: Foi realizado o levantamento de artigos científicos e de normas sanitárias que tratassem de terapia celular e dos ensaios de qualidade associados. Resultados: Foi evidenciado que as normas regulamentares direcionadas a produtos com base em células cultivadas in vitro não detalham os ensaios de qualidade, o que torna urgente a discussão dessa matéria. Conclusões: Evidenciamos a necessidade de preparo do produto na forma de um lote de células, que deve ser controlado para a qualidade, a partir de amostras representativas do todo e propomos a realização de uma bateria de ensaios, que definem a qualidade do produto de terapia avançada, a base de células cultivadas in vitro, com detalhamento dos pontos em que estes devem ser realizados, organizados como fluxogramas de processamento.

Small RNA-Sequencing Links Physiological Changes and RdDM Process to Vegetative-to-Floral Transition in Apple

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Xinwei Guo

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Transition from vegetative to floral buds is a critical physiological change during flower induction that determines fruit productivity. Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs are pivotal regulators of plant growth and development. Although the key role of sRNAs in flowering regulation has been well-described in Arabidopsis and some other annual plants, their relevance to vegetative-to-floral transition (hereafter, referred to floral transition in perennial woody trees remains under defined. Here, we performed Illumina sequencing of sRNA libraries prepared from vegetative and floral bud during flower induction of the apple trees. A large number of sRNAs exemplified by 33 previously annotated miRNAs and six novel members display significant differential expression (DE patterns. Notably, most of these DE-miRNAs in floral transition displayed opposite expression changes in reported phase transition in apple trees. Bioinformatics analysis suggests most of the DE-miRNAs targeted transcripts involved in SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL gene regulation, stress responses, and auxin and gibberellin (GA pathways, with further suggestion that there is an inherent link between physiological stress response and metabolism reprogramming during floral transition. We also observed significant changes in 24 nucleotide (nt sRNAs that are hallmarks for RNA-dependent DNA methylation (RdDM pathway, suggestive of the correlation between epigenetic modifications and the floral transition. The study not only provides new insight into our understanding of fundamental mechanism of poorly studied floral transition in apple and other woody plants, but also presents important sRNA resource for future in-depth research in the apple flowering physiology.

Effect of temperature on the floral scent emission and endogenous volatile profile of Petunia axillaris.

Science.gov (United States)

Sagae, Masanori; Oyama-Okubo, Naomi; Ando, Toshio; Marchesi, Eduardo; Nakayama, Masayoshi

2008-01-01

The floral scent emission and endogenous level of its components in Petunia axillaris under different conditions (20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees C) were investigated under the hypothesis that floral scent emission would be regulated by both metabolic and vaporization processes. The total endogenous amount of scent components decreased as the temperature increased, the total emission showing a peak at 30 degrees C. This decrease in endogenous amount was compensated for by increased vaporization, resulting in an increase of floral scent emission from 20 degrees C to 30 degrees C. The ambient temperature differently and independently influenced the metabolism and vaporization of the scent compounds, and differences in vapor pressure among the scent compounds were reduced as the temperature increased. These characteristics suggest the operation of an unknown regulator to change the vaporization of floral scent.

Hipnoinmunoterapia en una adolescente Hypnoimmunotherapy in an adolescent

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Juan Ramón Castillo Belén

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el caso clínico de una adolescente que acudió a consulta por presentar, desde los 3 años de edad, caída del cabello después del divorcio de sus padres. Se aplicó la hipnosis con procedimientos imaginéricos como la autoscopia y la terapia inmunoestimulante de la inmunidad celular. Las lesiones típicas de alopecia desaparecieron, por lo cual se logró la mejoría de la paciente, así como una notable reducción del tiempo de tratamiento. Se recomienda el uso de la hipnoinmunoterapia combinada para tratar oportunamente este tipo de dermatopatía.The case report of an adolescent who visited the consulting room for presenting alopecia since 3 years ago, after the divorce of her parents is presented. Hypnosis was applied with imaging procedures such as the autoscopy and the immunostimulating therapy of the cellular immunity. The typical lesions of alopecia disappeared, so the patient's improvement was achieved, as well as a remarkable reduction of the treatment period. The use of the combined hypnoimmunotherapy is recommended to treat appropriately this type of dermatopathy .

The biochemistry and genetics of floral scent production as part of the petunia pollination syndrome

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Shaipulah, N.F.M.

2018-01-01

Floral scent plays a major role in flower discrimination by pollinators in the Petunia genus. By providing specific signals to pollinators, floral scent can significantly contribute to the plant pollination efficiency and reproductive success. Fragrant petunias mostly emit volatile benzenoids and

Prevalência de interações medicamentosas em unidades de terapia intensiva no Brasil

OpenAIRE

Carvalho,Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima de; Reis,Adriano Max Moreira; Faria,Leila Márcia Pereira de; Zago,Karine Santana de Azevedo; Cassiani,Silvia Helena De Bortoli

2013-01-01

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de interações medicamentosas em unidades de terapia intensiva e analisar a significância clínica das interações identificadas. MÉTODOS: Estudo multicêntrico, transversal e retrospectivo desenvolvido com 1124 pacientes em sete unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) de hospitais de ensino no Brasil. As informações sobre os medicamentos administrados com 24 horas e 120 horas de internação foram obtidas nas prescrições. RESULTADOS: Em 24 horas 70,6% dos pacientes a...

Terapia fotodinâmica em carcinoma basocelular periocular: relato de caso

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Rachel Camargo Carneiro

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Os autores descrevem a aplicação de terapia fotodinâmica com cloridrato de aminolevulinato de metila (Metivix® em uma paciente com carcinoma basocelular padrão misto (nodular e infiltrativo em pálpebra inferior de olho direito. Os efeitos colaterais sobre o olho foram avaliados semanalmente. Foi submetida à biòpsia incisional com punch de 2 mm para controle de cura após 12 semanas de tratamento. O anátomopatológico revelou ausência de neoplasia. O tratamento padrão ouro reconhecido mundialmente é a exérese da lesão, porém a terapia fotodinâmica com cloridrato de aminolevulinato de metila (MAL surge como uma opção terapêutica à cirurgia.

Visitantes florales diurnos del girasol (Helianthus annuus, Asterales: Asteraceae en la Argentina Diurnal floral visitors of sunflower (Helianthus annuus, Asterales: Asteraceae in Argentina

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Juan P. Torretta

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El girasol (Helianthus annuus L. es un importante cultivo oleaginoso en la Argentina. Durante tres campañas agrícolas, se determinaron la diversidad y la abundancia del elenco de los visitantes florales diurnos de capítulos de girasol, en ocho sitios que cubren gran parte del área cultivada en Argentina. Setenta y seis morfo-especies de visitantes florales, pertenecientes a ocho órdenes, fueron capturados sobre capítulos de este cultivo. El principal orden fue Hymenoptera, con 37 especies o morfoespecies, de las cuales 32 fueron abejas (Apoidea. Las familias de abejas más representadas fueron Apidae (13, Megachilidae (11 y Halictidae (7. La abeja doméstica (Apis mellifera L. realizó el 93% de las visitas. La composición del elenco de visitantes no mostró un patrón de variación identificable a lo largo del día, ni con respecto a la distancia al borde del cultivo, pero varió entre sitios de muestreo. Se concluye que la abeja doméstica es el principal polinizador del girasol en la Argentina, aunque varias especies nativas de abejas (Melissodes tintinnans (Holmberg, M. rufithorax Brèthes, Melissoptila tandilensis Holmberg, y Megachile spp. podrían ser consideradas como potenciales polinizadores del cultivo.Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. is an important oilseed crop in Argentina. During three agricultural years, the diversity and abundance of diurnal floral visitors of sunflower heads were determined in eight sites spanning much of this crop's cultivation area in Argentina. Seventysix morpho-species of floral visitors, belonging to eight orders, were captured on sunflower. The principal order was Hymenoptera, with 37 species or morpho-species, of which 32 were bees (Apoidea. The most represented bee families were Apidae (13, Megachilidae (11 and Halictidae (7. The domestic bee (Apis mellifera L. accounted for 93% of the visits. Floral visitor composition did not show an identifiable variation pattern either throughout the day or

The KNOXI Transcription Factor SHOOT MERISTEMLESS Regulates Floral Fate in Arabidopsis.

Science.gov (United States)

Roth, Ohad; Alvarez, John; Levy, Matan; Bowman, John L; Ori, Naomi; Shani, Eilon

2018-05-09

Plants have evolved a unique and conserved developmental program that enables the conversion of leaves into floral organs. Elegant genetic and molecular work has identified key regulators of flower meristem identity. However, further understanding of flower meristem specification has been hampered by redundancy and by pleiotropic effects. The KNOXI transcription factor SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) is a well-characterized regulator of shoot apical meristem maintenance. Arabidopsis thaliana stm loss-of-function mutants arrest shortly after germination, and therefore the knowledge on later roles of STM in later processes, including flower development, is limited. Here, we uncover a role for STM in the specification of flower meristem identity. Silencing STM in the APETALA1 (AP1) expression domain in the ap1-4 mutant background resulted in a leafy-flower phenotype, and an intermediate stm-2 allele enhanced the flower meristem identity phenotype of ap1-4. Transcriptional profiling of STM perturbation suggested that STM activity affects multiple floral fate genes, among them the F-Box protein-encoding gene UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO). In agreement with this notion, stm-2 enhanced the ufo-2 floral fate phenotype, and ectopic UFO expression rescued the leafy flowers in genetic backgrounds with compromised AP1 and STM activities. This work suggests a genetic mechanism that underlies the activity of STM in the specification of flower meristem identity. © 2018 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.

Fatores de risco para a mortalidade de recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal Factores de riesgo para la mortalidad de recién nacidos de muy bajo peso en Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal Risk factors for the mortality of very low birth weight newborns at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

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Jair Almeida Carneiro

2012-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores associados à mortalidade de recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso internados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de referência no Norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal baseado na análise de prontuários de uma amostra aleatória de recém-nascidos admitidos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de janeiro de 2007 a junho de 2010. Foram considerados elegíveis para o estudo recém-nascidos com peso inferior a 1500g, provenientes do bloco obstétrico da própria instituição. Foram identificadas variáveis demográficas maternas, variáveis relacionadas às condições de gestação e parto e variáveis do recém-nascido. A associação entre as variáveis foi aferida por meio do teste do qui-quadrado e Odds Ratio. As variáveis associadas até o nível de 25% (pOBJETIVO: Identificar los factores asociados a la mortalidad de recién nacidos de muy bajo peso, internados en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de referencia en el Norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, basado en el análisis de prontuarios de una muestra aleatoria de recién nacidos admitidos en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal desde enero de 2007 hasta junio de 2010. Fueron considerados elegibles para el estudio los recién nacidos con peso inferior a 1.500g, provenientes del bloque obstétrico de la propia institución. Fueron identificadas variables demográficas maternas, variables relacionadas a las condiciones de gestación y parto y variables del recién nacido. La asociación entre las variables fue verificada por medio de la prueba de chi cuadrado y Odds Ratio. Las variables asociadas hasta el nivel de 25% (pOBJECTIVE: To identify variables associated with mortality among very low birth weight infants admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study based on chart data of a random sample of premature

A novel role of BELL1-like homeobox genes, PENNYWISE and POUND-FOOLISH, in floral patterning.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Lifeng; Patibanda, Varun; Smith, Harley M S

2009-02-01

Flowers are determinate shoots comprised of perianth and reproductive organs displayed in a whorled phyllotactic pattern. Floral organ identity genes display region-specific expression patterns in the developing flower. In Arabidopsis, floral organ identity genes are activated by LEAFY (LFY), which functions with region-specific co-regulators, UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO) and WUSCHEL (WUS), to up-regulate homeotic genes in specific whorls of the flower. PENNYWISE (PNY) and POUND-FOOLISH (PNF) are redundant functioning BELL1-like homeodomain proteins that are expressed in shoot and floral meristems. During flower development, PNY functions with a co-repressor complex to down-regulate the homeotic gene, AGAMOUS (AG), in the outer whorls of the flower. However, the function of PNY as well as PNF in regulating floral organ identity in the central whorls of the flower is not known. In this report, we show that combining mutations in PNY and PNF enhance the floral patterning phenotypes of weak and strong alleles of lfy, indicating that these BELL1-like homeodomain proteins play a role in the specification of petals, stamens and carpels during flower development. Expression studies show that PNY and PNF positively regulate the homeotic genes, APETALA3 and AG, in the inner whorls of the flower. Moreover, PNY and PNF function in parallel with LFY, UFO and WUS to regulate homeotic gene expression. Since PNY and PNF interact with the KNOTTED1-like homeodomain proteins, SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) and KNOTTED-LIKE from ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA2 (KNAT2) that regulate floral development, we propose that PNY/PNF-STM and PNY/PNF-KNAT2 complexes function in the inner whorls to regulate flower patterning events.

Nectar Sugar Production across Floral Phases in the Gynodioecious Protandrous Plant Geranium sylvaticum

Science.gov (United States)

Varga, Sandra; Nuortila, Carolin; Kytöviita, Minna-Maarit

2013-01-01

Many zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering nectar as a reward. In gynodioecious plants (i.e. populations are composed of female and hermaphrodite individuals) nectar production has been repeatedly reported to be larger in hermaphrodite compared to female flowers even though nectar production across the different floral phases in dichogamous plants (i.e. plants with time separation of pollen dispersal and stigma receptivity) has rarely been examined. In this study, sugar production in nectar standing crop and secretion rate were investigated in Geranium sylvaticum, a gynodioecious plant species with protandry (i.e. with hermaphrodite flowers releasing their pollen before the stigma is receptive). We found that flowers from hermaphrodites produced more nectar than female flowers in terms of total nectar sugar content. In addition, differences in nectar production among floral phases were found in hermaphrodite flowers but not in female flowers. In hermaphrodite flowers, maximum sugar content coincided with pollen presentation and declined slightly towards the female phase, indicating nectar reabsorption, whereas in female flowers sugar content did not differ between the floral phases. These differences in floral reward are discussed in relation to visitation patterns by pollinators and seed production in this species. PMID:23614053

Extreme variation in floral characters and its consequences for pollinator attraction among populations of an Andean cactus

Science.gov (United States)

Schlumpberger, Boris O.; Cocucci, Andrea A.; Moré, Marcela; Sérsic, Alicia N.; Raguso, Robert A.

2009-01-01

Background and aims A South American cactus species, Echinopsis ancistrophora (Cactaceae), with dramatic among-population variation in floral traits is presented. Methods Eleven populations of E. ancistrophora were studied in their habitats in northern Argentina, and comparisons were made of relevant floral traits such as depth, stigma position, nectar volume and sugar concentration, and anthesis time. Diurnal and nocturnal pollinator assemblages were evaluated for populations with different floral trait combinations. Key Results Remarkable geographical variations in floral traits were recorded among the 11 populations throughout the distribution range of E. ancistrophora, with flower lengths ranging from 4·5 to 24·1 cm. Other floral traits associated with pollinator attraction also varied in a population-specific manner, in concert with floral depth. Populations with the shortest flowers showed morning anthesis and those with the longest flowers opened at dusk, whereas those with flowers of intermediate length opened at unusual times (2300–0600 h). Nectar production varied non-linearly with floral length; it was absent to low (population means up to 15 µL) in short- to intermediate-length flowers, but was high (population means up to 170 µL) in the longest tubed flowers. Evidence from light-trapping of moths, pollen carriage on their bodies and moth scale deposition on stigmas suggests that sphingid pollination is prevalent only in the four populations with the longest flowers, in which floral morphological traits and nectar volumes match the classic expectations for the hawkmoth pollination syndrome. All other populations, with flowers 4·5–15 cm long, were pollinated exclusively by solitary bees. Conclusions The results suggest incipient differentiation at the population level and local adaptation to either bee or hawkmoth (potentially plus bee) pollination. PMID:19342397

Dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva para adultos Dimensionamiento del personal de enfermería en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva para adultos Sizing the nursing staff in an Intensive Care Unit for Adults

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Kelly Cristina Inoue

2010-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar o dimensionamento do pessoal de enfermagem da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de Adultos (UTI-A através da aplicação do Nursing Activities Score (NAS e da Resolução COFEN n.º 293/2004. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa descritiva, exploratória realizada na UTI-A de um hospital-escola do Paraná, entre novembro/2007 e maio/2008. A população constituiu-se de 107 pacientes que permaneceram mais de 24 horas nessa unidade. RESULTADOS: De acordo com os resultados, a média do NAS (697,3 pontos aponta para alta carga de trabalho de enfermagem; a equipe de enfermagem do setor deve contar com 40 profissionais em ao invés de 28; a proporção de 35,7% de enfermeiros não corresponde com o recomendado que é de 52,5%. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de algumas limitações do instrumento NAS para mensurar a carga de trabalho de enfermagem em UTI e do Índice de Segurança Técnica empírico, recomendado nacionalmente, concluiu-se que os dois métodos utilizados contribuem para um dimensionamento do pessoal de enfermagem mais adequado às necessidades desse serviço.OBJETIVO: Analizar el dimensionamiento del personal de enfermería de la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva para Adultos (UTI-A por medio del Nursing Activities Score (NAS y de la Resolución COFEN Nº 293/2004. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo y exploratorio realizado en la UTI-A, de un hospital escuela de Paraná, entre Noviembre/2007 y Mayo/2008. La población estuvo constituida por 107 pacientes que permanecieron más de 24 horas en dicha unidad. RESULTADOS: De acuerdo a los resultados, la media del NAS (697,3 puntos apunta para: Una alta carga de trabajo de la enfermería; el equipo de enfermería del sector debe contar con 40 profesionales en lugar de los 28 actuales; la proporción de 35,7% enfermeros no corresponde con lo recomendado, que es de 52,5%. CONCLUSIÓN: A pesar de algunas limitaciones del instrumento NAS para medir la carga de trabajo de enfermería en la UTI-A y del Índice de Seguridad

Relative floral density of an invasive plant affects pollinator foraging behaviour on a native plant

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Amy Marie Iler

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Interactions between invasive and native plants for pollinators vary from competition to facilitation of pollination of native plants. Theory predicts that relative floral densities should account for some of this variation in outcomes, with facilitation at low floral densities and competition at high floral densities of the invader. We tested this prediction by quantifying pollination and female reproductive success of a native herb, Geranium maculatum, in three experimental arrays that varied in floral density of the invasive shrub Lonicera maackii: control (no L. maackii, low floral density of L. maackii, and high floral density of L. maackii. A low density of L. maackii flowers was associated with an increase in pollinator visitation rate to G. maculatum flowers and an increase in conspecific pollen deposition compared to controls and high density arrays. Increased visitation rates were not associated with an increase in the number of visitors to low density arrays, suggesting instead that a behavioural switch in visitation within the array accounted for increased pollen deposition. In contrast, the only evidence of competition in high density arrays was a shorter duration of visits to G. maculatum flowers relative to the other treatments. The number of seeds per flower did not vary among treatments, although trends in seeds per flower were consistent with patterns of pollinator foraging behaviour. Given increased pollinator visits and pollen deposition at a low density of the invader, our study indicates that complete eradication of invasives as a management or restoration technique may have unintended negative consequences for pollination of native plants.

Drought and increased CO2 alter floral visual and olfactory traits with context-dependent effects on pollinator visitation.

Science.gov (United States)

Glenny, William R; Runyon, Justin B; Burkle, Laura A

2018-03-25

Climate change can alter species interactions essential for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem function, such as pollination. Understanding the interactive effects of multiple abiotic conditions on floral traits and pollinator visitation are important to anticipate the implications of climate change on pollinator services. Floral visual and olfactory traits were measured from individuals of four forb species subjected to drought or normal water availability, and elevated or ambient concentrations of CO 2 in a factorial design. Pollinator visitation rates and community composition were observed in single-species and multi-species forb assemblages. Drought decreased floral visual traits and pollinator visitation rates but increased volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, whereas elevated CO 2 positively affected floral visual traits, VOC emissions and pollinator visitation rates. There was little evidence of interactive effects of drought and CO 2 on floral traits and pollinator visitation. Interestingly, the effects of climate treatments on pollinator visitation depended on whether plants were in single- or multi-species assemblages. Components of climate change altered floral traits and pollinator visitation, but effects were modulated by plant community context. Investigating the response of floral traits, including VOCs, and context-dependency of pollinator attraction provides additional insights and may aid in understanding the overall effects of climate change on plant-pollinator interactions. © No claim to US Government works New Phytologist Trust © 2018 New Phytologist Trust.

Anatomía floral comparativa del género Polianthes (Agavaceae Comparative floral anatomy of the genus Polianthes (Agavaceae

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Héctor Serrano-Casas

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio anatómico de las flores de algunas especies en los subgéneros Polianthes y Bravoa del género Polianthes L. (Agavaceae, con el propósito de investigar si la actual clasificación subgenérica es adecuada. Los taxa analizados del subgénero Polianthes fueron P. densiflora, P. nelsonii y P. platyphylla, y del subgénero Bravoa, P. geminiflora var. geminiflora, P. howardii y P. multicolor. Las características anatómicas florales entre las especies son similares y comparten con otros miembros de la familia Agavaceae los nectarios septales y los óvulos anátropos, bitégmicos y crasinucelados. En los taxa del subgénero Bravoa, los filamentos se originan en la base del tubo floral, mientras que en el subgénero Polianthes se originan por debajo de los tépalos internos del perianto. Anteriormente, sin considerar la anatomía de las flores, se planteaba que los filamentos se originaban en ambos subgéneros desde la base del tubo del perianto y que éstos permanecían adnados al mismo, separándose a diferentes niveles. En el nivel interespecífico, P. howardii presenta nectarios de mayor longitud que los lóculos, en relación con los de las otras especies estudiadas.An anatomical floral study of some species of the genus Polianthes (Agavaceae, of both subgenus Polianthes and subgenus Bravoa (Agavaceae was carried out, with the aim of testing the adequacy of the present subgeneric classification. The taxa studied of subgenus Polianthes were P. densiflora, P. nelsonii and P. platyphylla; and P. geminiflora var. geminiflora, P. howardii and P. multicolor of subgenus Bravoa. The anatomical characters between these species are similar, sharing with other members of the Agavaceae family the septal nectaries and the anatropous, bitegmic, and crassinucellated ovules. In the taxa of subgenus Bravoa, the filaments originate from the floral tube base, while in subgenus Polianthes they originate near the base of the internal tepals

Simulation of organ patterning on the floral meristem using a polar auxin transport model.

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Simon van Mourik

Full Text Available An intriguing phenomenon in plant development is the timing and positioning of lateral organ initiation, which is a fundamental aspect of plant architecture. Although important progress has been made in elucidating the role of auxin transport in the vegetative shoot to explain the phyllotaxis of leaf formation in a spiral fashion, a model study of the role of auxin transport in whorled organ patterning in the expanding floral meristem is not available yet. We present an initial simulation approach to study the mechanisms that are expected to play an important role. Starting point is a confocal imaging study of Arabidopsis floral meristems at consecutive time points during flower development. These images reveal auxin accumulation patterns at the positions of the organs, which strongly suggests that the role of auxin in the floral meristem is similar to the role it plays in the shoot apical meristem. This is the basis for a simulation study of auxin transport through a growing floral meristem, which may answer the question whether auxin transport can in itself be responsible for the typical whorled floral pattern. We combined a cellular growth model for the meristem with a polar auxin transport model. The model predicts that sepals are initiated by auxin maxima arising early during meristem outgrowth. These form a pre-pattern relative to which a series of smaller auxin maxima are positioned, which partially overlap with the anlagen of petals, stamens, and carpels. We adjusted the model parameters corresponding to properties of floral mutants and found that the model predictions agree with the observed mutant patterns. The predicted timing of the primordia outgrowth and the timing and positioning of the sepal primordia show remarkable similarities with a developing flower in nature.

Floral traits driving reproductive isolation of two co-flowering taxa that share vertebrate pollinators

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Queiroz, Joel A.; Quirino, Zelma G. M.; Machado, Isabel C.

2015-01-01

Floral attributes evolve in response to frequent and efficient pollinators, which are potentially important drivers of floral diversification and reproductive isolation. In this context, we asked, how do flowers evolve in a bat–hummingbird pollination system? Hence, we investigated the pollination ecology of two co-flowering Ipomoea taxa (I. marcellia and I. aff. marcellia) pollinated by bats and hummingbirds, and factors favouring reproductive isolation and pollinator sharing in these plants. To identify the most important drivers of reproductive isolation, we compared the flowers of the two Ipomoea taxa in terms of morphometry, anthesis and nectar production. Pollinator services were assessed using frequency of visits, fruit set and the number of seeds per fruit after visits. The studied Ipomoea taxa differed in corolla size and width, beginning and duration of anthesis, and nectar attributes. However, they shared the same diurnal and nocturnal visitors. The hummingbird Heliomaster squamosus was more frequent in I. marcellia (1.90 visits h−1) than in I. aff. marcellia (0.57 visits h−1), whereas glossophagine bats showed similar visit rates in both taxa (I. marcellia: 0.57 visits h−1 and I. aff. marcellia: 0.64 visits h−1). Bat pollination was more efficient in I. aff. marcellia, whereas pollination by hummingbirds was more efficient in I. marcellia. Differences in floral attributes between Ipomoea taxa, especially related to the anthesis period, length of floral parts and floral arrangement in the inflorescence, favour reproductive isolation from congeners through differential pollen placement on pollinators. This bat–hummingbird pollination system seems to be advantageous in the study area, where the availability of pollinators and floral resources changes considerably throughout the year, mainly as a result of rainfall seasonality. This interaction is beneficial for both sides, as it maximizes the number of potential pollen vectors for plants and

Adesão à terapia antirretroviral e suas representações para pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS

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Eduardo Pereira Paschoal

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Neste estudo objetivou-se analisar o processo de adesão à terapia antirretroviral e suas representações sociais para pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa e descritiva, elaborado à luz da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Participaram 30 pessoas em tratamento ambulatorial para HIV/AIDS em um hospital público do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Observa-se que os eventos adversos decorrentes da terapia, o medo de ter a soropositividade revelada e o fato de não se perceber doente implicam o abandono da terapia, e que o amparo profissional e familiar é essencial para a que a pessoa prossiga com a terapia. Conclui-se que o processo de adesão evidencia um processo de mudanças simbólicas, do início do tratamento até sua estabilização, expresso em atitudes e imagens da doença, do vírus e dos medicamentos.

Gene therapy in chronic granulomatous disease Importancia de la terapia génica en la enfermedad granulomatosa crónica

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Andrés Augusto Arias Sierra

2005-03-01

la curación de la enfermedad. El tratamiento curativo consiste en el trasplante alogénico de médula ósea (TMO; sin embargo, este método enfrenta dificultades como la incompatibilidad de HLA, la inmunosupresión debida a las condiciones mieloablativas necesarias para el trasplante y el riesgo de desarrollar la enfermedad injerto contra hospedero. Como una alternativa al TMO, ha surgido la terapia génica ex vivo en células progenitoras hematopoyéticas. Las características genéticas de la EGC le han permitido convertirse en un modelo para el estudio de la terapia génica ex vivo. En este artículo se describen y analizan los resultados que hasta la fecha se han obtenido en el campo de la terapia génica aplicada a la EGC.

Los ritmos como terapia para la impulsividad

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Mónica Triviño

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Investigaciones recientes muestran que el uso de patrones rítmicos facilita la respuesta óptima en el tiempo, por lo que el entrenamiento mediante ritmos podría proponerse como terapia novedosa ante problemas como la impulsividad. Esto podría beneficiar a pacientes con daño prefrontal o personas con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH, que suelen mostrar conductas impulsivas, así como dificultad para estimar el paso del tiempo.

The co-optimization of floral display and nectar reward

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Prakash

2009-12-10

Dec 10, 2009 ... Flowers may lure pollinators by making large floral displays. (Ohashi and ... Pollination biology; plant–animal interaction; co-evolution; cheater; pollinator learning ..... cheater flowers optimized according to the local ecological.

Terapéutica holística en una paciente con gingivitis descamativa crónica

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Silvana Oliveros Noriega-Roldán

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Se describe el caso clínico de una paciente con gingivitis descamativa crónica, atendida en el Departamento de Periodoncia de la Clínica Estomatológica Provincial Docente "Mártires del Moncada" de Santiago de Cuba, en quien el tratamiento convencional no proporcionó resultados favorables, por lo cual se recurrió a la combinación de las terapias neural, acupuntural y periodontal y la aplicación de hipnosis, cuya combinación solucionó tan grave proceso inflamatorio, además de elevar la autoestima y la calidad de vida de la afecta

Cuanta más psicología, mejor: eficacia para dejar de fumar de la terapia cognitiva conductual intensiva y de los parches de nicotina combinados con terapia cognitiva conductual intensiva y menos intensiva

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Fernández Arias, Ignacio Gabino; García-Vera, María Paz; Sanz, Jesús

2014-01-01

Para comparar la eficacia para dejar de fumar de la terapia cognitiva conductual intensiva (TCC/I), la TCC/I con parches de nicotina (TCC/I+PN) y la terapia cognitiva conductual no intensiva con parches de nicotina (TCC/NI+PN) se realizó un estudio experimental de medidas repetidas con 235 fumadores adultos asignados aleatoriamente a uno de esos tres tratamientos. Entre los pacientes que completaron el tratamiento (n = 152) la TCC/I+PN mostró tasas de abstinencia a los 6 meses y al año, mayor...

La terapia manual osteopática

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Escarmis i Costa, Francesc; Martínez Gil, José Luis

2001-01-01

Este trabajo desarrolla brevemente la historia de la Osteopatía, su introducción en Europa y cómo desde Europa ha ido viniendo a España de la mano de los Fisioterapeutas. Resume así mismo la Filosofía de la Osteopatía y sus principios. Y, por último, nos revela la situación actual de la Osteopatía en España y la necesidad que creemos que existe para su mayor desarrollo, estudio e integración dentro de la Fisioterapia. Terapia y Rehabilitación

Incidência de constipação intestinal em uma unidade de terapia intensiva

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Guerra, Tatiana Lopes de Souza; Mendonça, Simone Sotero; Marshall, Norma Guimarães

2013-01-01

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a incidência de constipação em pacientes críticos em uso de nutrição enteral internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva e correlacioná-la a variáveis encontradas em pacientes críticos. MÉTODOS: Estudo de caráter retrospectivo analítico, realizado na unidade de terapia intensiva do Hospital Regional da Asa Norte (DF), por meio da análise de prontuários de pacientes internados no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2011. Foram coletados e analisados dados referentes a incidê...

Isolation and characterization of a floral homeotic gene in Fraxinus nigra causing earlier flowering and homeotic alterations in transgenic Arabidopsis

Science.gov (United States)

Jun Hyung Lee; Paula M. Pijut

2017-01-01

Reproductive sterility, which can be obtained by manipulating floral organ identity genes, is an important tool for gene containment of genetically engineered trees. In Arabidopsis, AGAMOUS (AG) is the only C-class gene responsible for both floral meristem determinacy and floral organ identity, and its mutations produce...

Historical nectar assessment reveals the fall and rise of floral resources in Britain.

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Baude, Mathilde; Kunin, William E; Boatman, Nigel D; Conyers, Simon; Davies, Nancy; Gillespie, Mark A K; Morton, R Daniel; Smart, Simon M; Memmott, Jane

2016-02-04

There is considerable concern over declines in insect pollinator communities and potential impacts on the pollination of crops and wildflowers. Among the multiple pressures facing pollinators, decreasing floral resources due to habitat loss and degradation has been suggested as a key contributing factor. However, a lack of quantitative data has hampered testing for historical changes in floral resources. Here we show that overall floral rewards can be estimated at a national scale by combining vegetation surveys and direct nectar measurements. We find evidence for substantial losses in nectar resources in England and Wales between the 1930s and 1970s; however, total nectar provision in Great Britain as a whole had stabilized by 1978, and increased from 1998 to 2007. These findings concur with trends in pollinator diversity, which declined in the mid-twentieth century but stabilized more recently. The diversity of nectar sources declined from 1978 to 1990 and thereafter in some habitats, with four plant species accounting for over 50% of national nectar provision in 2007. Calcareous grassland, broadleaved woodland and neutral grassland are the habitats that produce the greatest amount of nectar per unit area from the most diverse sources, whereas arable land is the poorest with respect to amount of nectar per unit area and diversity of nectar sources. Although agri-environment schemes add resources to arable landscapes, their national contribution is low. Owing to their large area, improved grasslands could add substantially to national nectar provision if they were managed to increase floral resource provision. This national-scale assessment of floral resource provision affords new insights into the links between plant and pollinator declines, and offers considerable opportunities for conservation.

Historical nectar assessment reveals the fall and rise of floral resources in Britain

Science.gov (United States)

Baude, Mathilde; Kunin, William E.; Boatman, Nigel D.; Conyers, Simon; Davies, Nancy; Gillespie, Mark A. K.; Morton, R. Daniel; Smart, Simon M.; Memmott, Jane

2016-02-01

There is considerable concern over declines in insect pollinator communities and potential impacts on the pollination of crops and wildflowers. Among the multiple pressures facing pollinators, decreasing floral resources due to habitat loss and degradation has been suggested as a key contributing factor. However, a lack of quantitative data has hampered testing for historical changes in floral resources. Here we show that overall floral rewards can be estimated at a national scale by combining vegetation surveys and direct nectar measurements. We find evidence for substantial losses in nectar resources in England and Wales between the 1930s and 1970s; however, total nectar provision in Great Britain as a whole had stabilized by 1978, and increased from 1998 to 2007. These findings concur with trends in pollinator diversity, which declined in the mid-twentieth century but stabilized more recently. The diversity of nectar sources declined from 1978 to 1990 and thereafter in some habitats, with four plant species accounting for over 50% of national nectar provision in 2007. Calcareous grassland, broadleaved woodland and neutral grassland are the habitats that produce the greatest amount of nectar per unit area from the most diverse sources, whereas arable land is the poorest with respect to amount of nectar per unit area and diversity of nectar sources. Although agri-environment schemes add resources to arable landscapes, their national contribution is low. Owing to their large area, improved grasslands could add substantially to national nectar provision if they were managed to increase floral resource provision. This national-scale assessment of floral resource provision affords new insights into the links between plant and pollinator declines, and offers considerable opportunities for conservation.

Prevalência de potenciais interações medicamentosas droga-droga em unidades de terapia intensiva

OpenAIRE

Hammes,Jean André; Pfuetzenreiter,Felipe; Silveira,Fabrízio da; Koenig,Álvaro; Westphal,Glauco Adrieno

2008-01-01

OBJETIVOS: Interações medicamentosas ocorrem quando os efeitos e/ou a toxicidade de um fármaco são alterados pela presença de outro. São geralmente imprevistas e indesejáveis. Realizado estudo com objetivo de verificar a prevalência e o valor clínico das interações medicamentosas potenciais em unidades de terapia intensiva. MÉTODOS: Incluídos todos pacientes de três unidades de terapia intensiva em um período de 2 meses, analisados transversalmente. Foram excluídos aqueles com tempo de perman...

Effects of floral scents and their dietary experiences on the feeding preference in the blowfly, Phormia regina

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Toru eMaeda

2015-12-01

Full Text Available AbstractThe flowers of different plant species have diverse scents with varied chemical compositions. Hence, every floral scent does not uniformly affect insect feeding preferences. The blowfly, Phormia regina, is a nectar feeder, and when a fly feeds on flower nectar, its olfactory organs, antennae, and maxillary palps are exposed to the scent. Generally, feeding preference is influenced by food flavor, which relies on both taste and odor. Therefore, the flies perceive the sweet taste of nectar and the particular scent of the flower simultaneously, and this olfactory information affects their feeding preference. Here, we show that the floral scents of 50 plant species have various effects on their sucrose feeding motivation, which was evaluated using the proboscis extension reflex (PER. Those floral scents were first categorized into three groups, based on their effects on the PER threshold sucrose concentration, which indicates whether a fly innately dislikes, ignores, or likes the target scent. Moreover, memory of olfactory experience with those floral scents during sugar feeding influenced the PER threshold. After feeding on sucrose solutions flavored with floral scents for 5 days, the scents did not consistently show the previously observed effects. Considering such empirical effects of scents on the PER threshold, we categorized the effects of the 50 tested floral scents on feeding preference into 16 of all possible 27 theoretical types. We then conducted the same experiments with flies whose antennae or maxillary palps were ablated prior to PER test in a fly group naïve to floral scents and prior to the olfactory experience during sugar feeding in the other fly group in order to test how these organs were involved in the effect of the floral scent. The results suggested that olfactory inputs through these organs play different roles in forming or modifying feeding preferences. Thus, our study contributes to an understanding of underlying

Effects of Floral Scents and Their Dietary Experiences on the Feeding Preference in the Blowfly, Phormia regina.

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Maeda, Toru; Tamotsu, Miwako; Yamaoka, Ryohei; Ozaki, Mamiko

2015-01-01

The flowers of different plant species have diverse scents with varied chemical compositions. Hence, every floral scent does not uniformly affect insect feeding preferences. The blowfly, Phormia regina, is a nectar feeder, and when a fly feeds on flower nectar, its olfactory organs, antennae, and maxillary palps are exposed to the scent. Generally, feeding preference is influenced by food flavor, which relies on both taste and odor. Therefore, the flies perceive the sweet taste of nectar and the particular scent of the flower simultaneously, and this olfactory information affects their feeding preference. Here, we show that the floral scents of 50 plant species have various effects on their sucrose feeding motivation, which was evaluated using the proboscis extension reflex (PER). Those floral scents were first categorized into three groups, based on their effects on the PER threshold sucrose concentration, which indicates whether a fly innately dislikes, ignores, or likes the target scent. Moreover, memory of olfactory experience with those floral scents during sugar feeding influenced the PER threshold. After feeding on sucrose solutions flavored with floral scents for 5 days, the scents did not consistently show the previously observed effects. Considering such empirical effects of scents on the PER threshold, we categorized the effects of the 50 tested floral scents on feeding preference into 16 of all possible 27 theoretical types. We then conducted the same experiments with flies whose antennae or maxillary palps were ablated prior to PER test in a fly group naïve to floral scents and prior to the olfactory experience during sugar feeding in the other fly group in order to test how these organs were involved in the effect of the floral scent. The results suggested that olfactory inputs through these organs play different roles in forming or modifying feeding preferences. Thus, our study contributes to an understanding of underlying mechanisms associated with

Terapia hormonal y calidad del hueso Hormone therapy and bone quality

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2005-08-01

Full Text Available La osteoporosis se reconoce como uno de los problemas de salud de la población femenina posmenopáusica, y la terapia hormonal de reemplazo (THR como una de las medidas terapéuticas efectivas para evitar la fractura. Nos propusimos mostrar la experiencia acumulada en relación con el efecto de la terapia hormonal de reemplazo sobre la calidad del hueso. En un estudio retrospectivo realizado en 42 mujeres con edades entre 40 y 59 años que asistieron a la Clínica de Climaterio y Osteoporosis y a la consulta multidisciplinaria de climaterio del Hospital Ginecoobstétrico “Ramón González Coro” entre enero de 1997 y diciembre del año 2003, se determinó la calidad ósea mediante absorciometría dual de rayos X en región lumbar (L2-L4 o por ultrasonido del calcáneo (USCAL y recibieron tratamiento continuado con terapia estrogénica (E o con estrógenos progestagenos (EP durante no menos de un año (n = 30. Las mujeres que no pudieron recibir THR fueron agrupadas y evaluadas como grupo control (n =12. Durante el tiempo de observación promedio de 2 años, las mujeres que recibieron THR mejoraron su calidad ósea en el 16,8 %, mientras que las del grupo control empeoraron en el 8 % de los casos. Estos resultados iniciales, aunque son modestos, muestran la utilidad de la THR para mejorar la calidad del hueso y la necesidad de continuar estudios que permitan definir en nuestro medio la persistencia de la mejoría ósea, así como la magnitud de la osteoporosis posmenopáusica.Osteoporosis is recognized as one of the health problems of the female postmenopausic population and the replacement hormone therapy (RHT as one of the effective therapeutical measures to prevent fracture. We proposed ourselves to show the experience accumulated in relation to the effect of the replacement hormone therapy on the bone quality. In a retrospective study conducted among 42 women aged 30-59 that attended the Climacteric and Osteoporosis Clinic and the

Biologia floral e polinização de Arrabidaea conjugata (Vell. Mart. (Bignoniaceae Floral and pollination biology of Arrabidaea conjugata (Vell. Mart. (Bignoniaceae

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Maria Célia Rodrigues Correia

2005-09-01

Full Text Available O trabalho aborda a biologia floral, a atividade forrageira dos visitantes florais (polinizadores e pilhadores, os eventos fenológicos e o sistema de reprodução de Arrabidaea conjugata (Vell. Mart. (Bignoniaceae, em área de vegetação de restinga, município de Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, no período 1997 a 2000. A espécie estudada tem flores com antese diurna, lilases, tubulosas, hermafroditas, odoríferas e oferecem néctar como recurso floral. O néctar é secretado por um disco localizado na base do gineceu e é acumulado em câmara nectarífera. Os grãos de pólen são liberados gradativamente, prolongando-se a fase de doação de pólen. As abelhas Euglossa cordata Linnaeus, Centris analis Fabricius e C. tarsata Smith são os polinizadores da espécie. Destaca-se pilhagem primária de néctar, por abelhas, e secundária, por borboletas e beija-flor. A espécie é auto-incompatível, apresentando baixos índices de formação de frutos em condições naturais (Frutos/Flores = 12,2%. Foi registrado padrão de floração "cornucópia", entre os meses de dezembro a março (estação quente/chuvosa, com pico em janeiro. As sementes são anemocóricas e liberadas gradativamente na estação fria e seca.This work deals with the floral biology, the foraging activities of floral visitors (pollinators and robbers, phenology and reproductive system of Arrabidaea conjugata (Vell. Mart. (Bignoniaceae in the "restinga" of Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1997 to 2000. The flowers display daytime anthesis and last only one day. These attractive pink flowers are tubular, hermaphroditic, odoriferous and produce nectar as the floral reward. The nectar is secreted by a nectariferous disk concealed within a chamber. The pollen grains are gradually released throughout anthesis, extending the pollen presentation phase. The bees Euglossa cordata Linnaeus, Centris analis Fabricius and C. tarsata Smith are the pollinator species. Primary and secondary

Floral pathway integrator gene expression mediates gradual transmission of environmental and endogenous cues to flowering time.

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van Dijk, Aalt D J; Molenaar, Jaap

2017-01-01

The appropriate timing of flowering is crucial for the reproductive success of plants. Hence, intricate genetic networks integrate various environmental and endogenous cues such as temperature or hormonal statues. These signals integrate into a network of floral pathway integrator genes. At a quantitative level, it is currently unclear how the impact of genetic variation in signaling pathways on flowering time is mediated by floral pathway integrator genes. Here, using datasets available from literature, we connect Arabidopsis thaliana flowering time in genetic backgrounds varying in upstream signalling components with the expression levels of floral pathway integrator genes in these genetic backgrounds. Our modelling results indicate that flowering time depends in a quite linear way on expression levels of floral pathway integrator genes. This gradual, proportional response of flowering time to upstream changes enables a gradual adaptation to changing environmental factors such as temperature and light.

Floral pathway integrator gene expression mediates gradual transmission of environmental and endogenous cues to flowering time

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Aalt D.J. van Dijk

2017-04-01

Full Text Available The appropriate timing of flowering is crucial for the reproductive success of plants. Hence, intricate genetic networks integrate various environmental and endogenous cues such as temperature or hormonal statues. These signals integrate into a network of floral pathway integrator genes. At a quantitative level, it is currently unclear how the impact of genetic variation in signaling pathways on flowering time is mediated by floral pathway integrator genes. Here, using datasets available from literature, we connect Arabidopsis thaliana flowering time in genetic backgrounds varying in upstream signalling components with the expression levels of floral pathway integrator genes in these genetic backgrounds. Our modelling results indicate that flowering time depends in a quite linear way on expression levels of floral pathway integrator genes. This gradual, proportional response of flowering time to upstream changes enables a gradual adaptation to changing environmental factors such as temperature and light.

Costo-beneficio en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales The cost-benefit in a neonatal intensive care unit

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Rafael Amador Morán; Alberto Labrada Despaigne; Ana Campo González; Rosa Díaz Aguilar

2011-01-01

INTRODUCCIÓN. El Sistema Nacional de Salud de Cuba ha desarrollado un conjunto de reformas encaminadas a lograr una mayor eficiencia en la prestación de servicios, para preservar logros como la efectividad y la accesibilidad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los costos en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal del Hospital Ginecoobstétrico de Guanabacoa en el período de un año. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo del período de enero a diciembre del 2009. ...

Estudios morfo-anatómicos en nectarios florales y extraflorales de Triumfetta rhomboidea (Malvaceae, Grewioideae Morpho-anatomical studies of the floral and extrafloral nectaries of Triumfetta rhomboidea (Malvaceae, Grewioideae

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Elsa Lattar

2009-07-01

Full Text Available La morfo-anatomía de los nectarios florales y extraflorales tricomáticos de Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. se estudió con microscopio óptico y microscopio electrónico de barrido. Las cinco glándulas nectaríferas florales, están localizadas en el androginóforo, mientras que los nectarios extraflorales se hallan en los márgenes de la base de la lámina en la hoja y en los márgenes de la bráctea. Las diferencias observadas entre ellos están dadas por el tamaño y la forma de las células epidérmicas basales, el número de las células del pie y de la cabezuela de los tricomas glandulares, los idioblastos del parénquima secretor y el tejido vascular que inerva los nectarios. El análisis de la varianza mostró diferencias significativas entre los nectarios florales y extraflorales en las siguientes variables: longitud y diámetro de la cabezuela, longitud y ancho del pie, pared periclinal de la célula epidérmica basal. Estos resultados fueron congruentes con el análisis de componentes principales (ACP. La longitud de cabezuela y la pared periclinal de la célula basal permitieron reconocer los tres tipos de nectarios, mientras el diámetro de cabezuela y la longitud y ancho de pie sólo diferenciaron los nectarios florales de los extraflorales. Los resultados de este trabajo se discuten en relación a información previa sobre el género.The morpho-anatomy of the floral and extrafloral trichomatic nectaries of Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. was studied by light and scanning electron microscope. Five nectariferous glands are located on the androgynophore, whereas extrafloral nectaries are on the margins at the base of the leaf and on the margins of the bract. The differences observed between them are the size and shape of the epidermal basal cells, the number of the foot and the head cells of the glandular trichomes, the idioblasts of the secretor parenchyma and the vascular tissue which innervates the nectaries. The analysis of variance

Nectar sugar production across floral phases in the Gynodioecious Protandrous Plant Geranium sylvaticum [corrected].

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Varga, Sandra; Nuortila, Carolin; Kytöviita, Minna-Maarit

2013-01-01

Many zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering nectar as a reward. In gynodioecious plants (i.e. populations are composed of female and hermaphrodite individuals) nectar production has been repeatedly reported to be larger in hermaphrodite compared to female flowers even though nectar production across the different floral phases in dichogamous plants (i.e. plants with time separation of pollen dispersal and stigma receptivity) has rarely been examined. In this study, sugar production in nectar standing crop and secretion rate were investigated in Geranium sylvaticum, a gynodioecious plant species with protandry (i.e. with hermaphrodite flowers releasing their pollen before the stigma is receptive). We found that flowers from hermaphrodites produced more nectar than female flowers in terms of total nectar sugar content. In addition, differences in nectar production among floral phases were found in hermaphrodite flowers but not in female flowers. In hermaphrodite flowers, maximum sugar content coincided with pollen presentation and declined slightly towards the female phase, indicating nectar reabsorption, whereas in female flowers sugar content did not differ between the floral phases. These differences in floral reward are discussed in relation to visitation patterns by pollinators and seed production in this species.

Evaluación clínica temprana del tratamiento de neumonías y bronconeumonías en Terapia Intensiva Cardiovascular / Early clinical assessment of pneumonia and bronchopneumonia treatment in a Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit

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Andrés M. Rodríguez Acosta

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Las infecciones nosocomiales son frecuentes. La neumonía nosocomial es la segunda más común entre este tipo de infecciones y es la primera en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, donde alcanza una incidencia de 10 a 20 %.Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de la evaluación clínica evolutiva desde 48 - 72 horas de iniciado el tratamiento antimicrobiano.Método: Se realizó una investigación descriptiva, prospectiva de corte longitudinal, en 57 pacientes (muestreo incidental con diagnóstico de cardiopatía isquémica dolo-rosa, que desarrollaron neumonía o bronconeumonía nosocomial e ingresaron en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Cardiovascular del hospital “Dr. Celestino Hernández Ro-bau”, desde el 3 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2013.Resultados: La categorización clínica inicial favoreció el diagnóstico de 50 neumonías y bronconeumonías precoces y 7 graves. La evaluación evolutiva desde las 48 - 72 ho-ras identificó la evolución no satisfactoria en 6 (12 % de las neumonías nosocomiales precoces y en 4 (57,1 % de las graves.Conclusiones: La evaluación clínica evolutiva temprana es útil para detectar la res-puesta al tratamiento antimicrobiano de las neumonías nosocomiales y actuar en consecuencia.

Floral flavonoids and ultraviolet patterns in Viguiera (Compositae)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rieseberg, L.H.; Schilling, E.E.

1985-01-01

Variation occurs among species of Viguiera series Viguiera for ultraviolet (UV) absorption/reflection patterns of ligules. Floral flavonoids that cause UV absorption occur in epidermal papillae. Flavonoids are further localized to the proximal portion of the ligule in the seven taxa that have only proximal UV absorption. Floral flavonoids involved in UV absorption consist of flavone, flavonol, and anthochlor (chalcone/aurone) glycosides. Quercetin 3-methyl ether glycosides characterize the ligules of 10 taxa occurring in Baja California, Mexico, and nearby areas, and these taxa appear to form one taxonomic group. The anthochlor pair, marein/maritimein, characterizes V. dentata, and the lack of ligule flavonoids distinguishes V. potosina from the remaining taxa. The presence of the anthochlor pair, marein/maritimein, only in V. dentata and the lack of ligule flavonoids in V. potosina concur with other data to indicate that these species are not correctly placed with each other or with the other species currently included in series Viguiera. (author)

Regulation of Floral Terpenoid Emission and Biosynthesis in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum).

Science.gov (United States)

Jiang, Yifan; Ye, Jiayan; Li, Shuai; Niinemets, Ülo

2016-12-01

Past studies have focused on the composition of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum leaves, but data on composition and regulation of its aerial emissions, especially floral volatile emissions are scarce. We studied the chemical profile, within-flower spatial distribution (sepals, petals, pistils with stamina and pedicels), diurnal emission kinetics and effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application on the emission of floral volatiles by dynamic headspace collection and identification using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). We observed more abundant floral emissions from flowers compared with leaves. Sepals were the main emitters of floral volatiles among the flower parts studied. The emissions of lipoxygenase compounds (LOX) and monoterpenoids, but not sesquiterpene emissions, displayed a diurnal variation driven by light. Response to exogenous MeJA treatment of flowers consisted of a rapid stress response and a longer-term acclimation response. The initial response was associated with enhanced emissions of fatty acid derivatives, monoterpenoids, and sesquiterpenoids without variation of the composition of individual compounds. The longer-term response was associated with enhanced monoterpenoid and sesquiterpenoid emissions with profound changes in the emission spectrum. According to correlated patterns of terpenoid emission changes upon stress, highlighted by a hierarchical cluster analysis, candidate terpenoid synthases responsible for observed diversity and complexity of released terpenoid blends were postulated. We conclude that flower volatile emissions differ quantitatively and qualitatively from leaf emissions, and overall contribute importantly to O. basilicum flavor, especially under stress conditions.

Pollination systems and floral traits in cerrado woody species of the Upper Taquari region (central Brazil

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F. Q. Martins

Full Text Available Plant species present flowers with varied morphological and functional features, which may be associated to pollination systems, including species pollinated by wind, beetles, moths, bees, small insects, birds, or bats. We calculated the frequencies of the pollination systems among woody species in five cerrado fragments in central-western Brazil and tested whether the pollination systems were indeed related to floral traits. We sampled 2,280 individuals, belonging to 121 species, ninety-nine of which were described in relation to all floral traits. Most species had diurnal anthesis, pale colors, and open flowers. The most frequent groups were those composed by the species pollinated by bees, small insects, and moths. A Principal Component Analysis of the species and floral traits showed that there was a grouping among species with some pollination systems, such as those pollinated mainly by beetles, moths, birds, and bats, for which inferences based on the floral traits are recommended in cerrado sites. For the species pollinated mainly by bees or small insects, inferences based on the floral traits are not recommended, due to the large dispersion of the species scores and overlapping between these two groups, which probably occurred due to the specificity absence in plant-pollinator relationships.

The Role of Abiotic Environmental Conditions and Herbivory in Shaping Bacterial Community Composition in Floral Nectar

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Samuni-Blank, Michal; Izhaki, Ido; Laviad, Sivan; Bar-Massada, Avi; Gerchman, Yoram; Halpern, Malka

2014-01-01

Identifying the processes that drive community assembly has long been a central theme in ecology. For microorganisms, a traditional prevailing hypothesis states that “everything is everywhere, but the environment selects”. Although the bacterial community in floral nectar may be affected by both atmosphere (air-borne bacteria) and animals as dispersal vectors, the environmental and geographic factors that shape microbial communities in floral nectar are unknown. We studied culturable bacterial communities in Asphodelus aestivus floral nectar and in its typical herbivorous bug Capsodes infuscatus, along an aridity gradient. Bacteria were sampled from floral nectar and bugs at four sites, spanning a geographical range of 200 km from Mediterranean to semi-arid conditions, under open and bagged flower treatments. In agreement with the niche assembly hypothesis, the differences in bacterial community compositions were explained by differences in abiotic environmental conditions. These results suggest that microbial model systems are useful for addressing macro-ecological questions. In addition, similar bacterial communities were found in the nectar and on the surface of the bugs that were documented visiting the flowers. These similarities imply that floral nectar bacteria dispersal is shaped not only by air borne bacteria and nectar consumers as previously reported, but also by visiting vectors like the mirid bugs. PMID:24922317

Pollinator responses to floral colour change, nectar, and scent promote reproductive fitness in Quisqualis indica (Combretaceae).

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Yan, Juan; Wang, Gang; Sui, Yi; Wang, Menglin; Zhang, Ling

2016-04-13

Floral colour change is visual signals for pollinators to avoid old flowers and increase pollination efficiency. Quisqualis indica flowers change colour from white to pink to red may be associated with a shift from moth to butterfly pollination. To test this hypothesis, we investigated Q. indica populations in Southwest China. Flowers secreted nectar continuously from the evening of anthesis until the following morning, then decreased gradually with floral colour change. The scent compounds in the three floral colour stages were similar; however, the scent composition was different, and the scent emission rate decreased from the white to red stage. Dichogamy in Q. indica prevents self-pollination and interference of male and female functions. Controlled pollinations demonstrated that this species is self-incompatible and needs pollinators for seed production. Different pollinators were attracted in each floral colour stage; mainly moths at night and bees and butterflies during the day. Observations of open-pollinated inflorescences showed that white flowers had a higher fruit set than pink or red flowers, indicating the high contribution of moths to reproductive success. We concluded that the nectar and scent secretion are related to floral colour change in Q. indica, in order to attract different pollinators and promote reproductive fitness.

Separating selection by diurnal and nocturnal pollinators on floral display and spur length in Gymnadenia conopsea.

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Sletvold, Nina; Trunschke, Judith; Wimmergren, Carolina; Agren, Jon

2012-08-01

Most plants attract multiple flower visitors that may vary widely in their effectiveness as pollinators. Floral evolution is expected to reflect interactions with the most important pollinators, but few studies have quantified the contribution of different pollinators to current selection on floral traits. To compare selection mediated by diurnal and nocturnal pollinators on floral display and spur length in the rewarding orchid Gymnadenia conopsea, we manipulated the environment by conducting supplemental hand-pollinations and selective pollinator exclusions in two populations in central Norway. In both populations, the exclusion of diurnal pollinators significantly reduced seed production compared to open pollination, whereas the exclusion of nocturnal pollinators did not. There was significant selection on traits expected to influence pollinator attraction and pollination efficiency in both the diurnal and nocturnal pollination treatment. The relative strength of selection among plants exposed to diurnal and nocturnal visitors varied among traits and populations, but the direction of selection was consistent. The results suggest that diurnal pollinators are more important than nocturnal pollinators for seed production in the study populations, but that both categories contribute to selection on floral morphology. The study illustrates how experimental manipulations can link specific categories of pollinators to observed selection on floral traits, and thus improve our understanding of how species interactions shape patterns of selection.

Separable roles of UFO during floral development revealed by conditional restoration of gene function.

Science.gov (United States)

Laufs, Patrick; Coen, Enrico; Kronenberger, Jocelyne; Traas, Jan; Doonan, John

2003-02-01

The UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO) gene is required for several aspects of floral development in Arabidopsis including specification of organ identity in the second and third whorls and the proper pattern of primordium initiation in the inner three whorls. UFO is expressed in a dynamic pattern during the early phases of flower development. Here we dissect the role of UFO by ubiquitously expressing it in ufo loss-of-function flowers at different developmental stages and for various durations using an ethanol-inducible expression system. The previously known functions of UFO could be separated and related to its expression at specific stages of development. We show that a 24- to 48-hour period of UFO expression from floral stage 2, before any floral organs are visible, is sufficient to restore normal petal and stamen development. The earliest requirement for UFO is during stage 2, when the endogenous UFO gene is transiently expressed in the centre of the wild-type flower and is required to specify the initiation patterns of petal, stamen and carpel primordia. Petal and stamen identity is determined during stages 2 or 3, when UFO is normally expressed in the presumptive second and third whorl. Although endogenous UFO expression is absent from the stamen whorl from stage 4 onwards, stamen identity can be restored by UFO activation up to stage 6. We also observed floral phenotypes not observed in loss-of-function or constitutive gain-of-function backgrounds, revealing additional roles of UFO in outgrowth of petal primordia.

La terapia enterostomal una alternativa para el ejercicio profesional independiente

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Carda S. Maria Elena

1995-12-01

Full Text Available

La delimitación de las especialidades en enfermería ha sido una preocupación de las enfermeras, de los organismos que las agrupan y de las unidades académicas, por la necesidad de prestar mayores y mejores cuidados. Así podemos ver cómo hoy las diferentes especialidades amplían el horizonte de la profesión, los campos de desempeño se han desarrollado y las perspectivas para el ejercicio independiente son mayores. Dentro de ese mismo contexto la enfermera como estomaterapéuta amplía su rol, bien en la institución en la cual se desempeña o en forma independiente. Provee cuidado, asistencia y rehabilitación a personas con estomas, fístulas enterocutáneas, con lesiones del tejido integumentario y con incontinencia. Sus acciones se extienden más allá de la institución hospitalaria, orientando al paciente y su familia y  proporcionándoles el apoyo necesario para que a través del cuidado, la orientación y el aprendizaje, las personas objeto de nuestra asistencia, encuentren sus propias soluciones a las limitaciones que se derivan de su condición de salud. Como enfermera terapista enterostomal desarrollo mis funciones en la consulta privada, en clínicas, a nivel del hogar y en el programa de la Clínica de Estomaterapia del Hospital Universitario Ramón González Valencia en Bucaramanga. Uno de mis propósitos es presentar algunos resultados y experiencias obtenidos a lo largo de mi desempeño en éste trabajo.

Ideación suicida y respuesta a la terapia cognitiva conductual en adolescentes puertorriqueños/as con depresión mayor

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Jeannette Rosselló

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En Puerto Rico existe una alta prevalencia de depresión e ideación suicida (IS en adolescentes. Este estudio examinó la respuesta a una terapia cognitivo-conductual para la depresión con un protocolo para el manejo del riesgo suicida incorporado. Participaron 115 adolescentes con depresión mayor. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, pruebas t de medidas repetidas, análisis de significancia clínica e índice de cambio confiable, correlaciones y de regresión múltiple. La IS al comienzo del tratamiento no tuvo un efecto sobre el tratamiento para la depresión. Un 34.8% de los/as participantes demostraron un índice de cambio confiable de las puntuaciones del pre al post tratamiento en IS y un 89.6% evidenciaron cambio clínico significativo en post-tratamiento. El nivel de desesperanza y la IS al comienzo del tratamiento mostraron un valor predictivo hacia el nivel de IS al finalizar el tratamiento. En conclusión, la mayoría de los/as adolescentes con depresión e IS tratados con la TCC redujeron significativamente sus pensamientos suicidas.

Terapia cognitivo-comportamental da fobia social: modelos e técnicas

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Gustavo J. Fonseca D'El Rey

2006-08-01

Full Text Available A fobia social é um dos transtornos mentais mais prevalentes na população geral. As principais formas de tratamento são a psicoterapia e a farmacoterapia. Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma breve revisão bibliográfica dos mais importantes modelos e técnicas cognitivas e comportamentais da fobia social. Os modelos antigos - modelo de déficit de habilidades sociais, modelo de crenças irracionais, modelo da vulnerabilidade cognitiva e os modelos integrativos - serão revisados brevemente. Serão apresentadas as técnicas de tratamento - como a exposição, reestruturação cognitiva, técnicas de relaxamento e treino de habilidades sociais. Estudos de metaanálise sobre a eficácia da terapia cognitivo-comportamental no tratamento da fobia social também serão descritos.La fobia social es uno de los trastornos mentales más prevalentes en la población general. Las principales formas de tratamiento son la psicoterapia y la farmacoterapia. Este artículo posee como objetivo realizar una breve revisión bibliográfica de los más importantes modelos y técnicas cognitivas y comportamentales de la fobia social. Los modelos antiguos - modelo de déficit de habilidades sociales, modelo de creencias irracionales, modelo de la vulnerabilidad cognitiva y los modelos integrativos - serán revisados brevemente. Serán presentadas las técnicas de tratamiento - como la exposición, reestructuración cognitiva, técnicas de relajamiento y entrenamiento de habilidades sociales. Estudios de metaanálisis sobre la eficacia de la terapia cognitivo-comportamental en el tratamiento de la fobia social también serán descritos.Social phobia is a widespread mental disorder in the general population. The main forms of treatment are psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. This article has as objective to carry out a brief bibliographical review of the most important cognitive and behavior models and techniques of social phobia. The old models - social

La discrepancia entre la investigación y la práctica clínica de la terapia de conducta

OpenAIRE

Becoña Iglesias, Elisardo

1999-01-01

La terapia y modificación de conducta se ha consolidado como la terapia psicológica de mayor relevancia y eficacia en sus 40 años de existencia. Sin embargo cada vez más se hace evidente el surgimiento de discrepancias entre la investigación que sust

Autotransfusión y terapia de componentes sanguíneos autológos en cirugía cardíaca: consideraciones generales y experiencia en el Hospital México

OpenAIRE

Eduardo Induni López; Manuel Alvarado; Edgar Méndez; Juan Pucci

2003-01-01

Introducción: La autotransfusión sanguínea y terapia de componentes autólogos ha sido una modalidad que se ha utilizado desde hace más de 2 siglos experimentando gracias a los avances técnicos recientes, su implementación en maniobras que redundan en ahorro y eliminación de pérdidas sanguíneas en procedimientos quirúrgicos extensos, así como los riesgos inherentes a la transfusión homóloga. Objetivos: Disminuír el número de días de estancia hospitalaria en pacientes preparándose para cirugía ...

Fatores associados à morte materna em unidade de terapia intensiva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suzanne Vieira Saintrain

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados à morte materna em pacientes internadas em unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos: Estudo do tipo transversal realizado em unidade de terapia intensiva materna. Foram selecionados todos os prontuários de pacientes admitidas no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2014. O critério de inclusão foi todas as pacientes obstétricas e puérperas, e o de exclusão as com diagnóstico de mola hidatiforme, gravidez ectópica e anembrionada, e as internadas por causas não obstétricas. Foi realizada análise comparativa entre os desfechos óbito e alta hospitalar. Resultados: Foram incluídas 373 pacientes, com idade entre 13 a 45 anos. As causas de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva foram síndromes hipertensivas relacionadas à gestação, cardiopatias, insuficiência respiratória e sepse; as complicações foram lesão renal aguda (24,1%, hipotensão (15,5%, hemorragia (10,2% e sepse (6,7%. Ocorreram 28 óbitos (7,5%. As causas de óbito foram choque hemorrágico, falência múltipla de órgãos, insuficiência respiratória e sepse. Os fatores de risco independentes para óbito foram lesão renal aguda (OR = 6,77, hipotensão (OR = 15,08 e insuficiência respiratória (OR = 3,65. Conclusão: A frequência de óbitos foi baixa. Lesão renal aguda, hipotensão e insuficiência respiratória foram os fatores de risco independentes associados à mortalidade materna.

Caffeine in floral nectar enhances a pollinator's memory of reward.

Science.gov (United States)

Wright, G A; Baker, D D; Palmer, M J; Stabler, D; Mustard, J A; Power, E F; Borland, A M; Stevenson, P C

2013-03-08

Plant defense compounds occur in floral nectar, but their ecological role is not well understood. We provide evidence that plant compounds pharmacologically alter pollinator behavior by enhancing their memory of reward. Honeybees rewarded with caffeine, which occurs naturally in nectar of Coffea and Citrus species, were three times as likely to remember a learned floral scent as were honeybees rewarded with sucrose alone. Caffeine potentiated responses of mushroom body neurons involved in olfactory learning and memory by acting as an adenosine receptor antagonist. Caffeine concentrations in nectar did not exceed the bees' bitter taste threshold, implying that pollinators impose selection for nectar that is pharmacologically active but not repellent. By using a drug to enhance memories of reward, plants secure pollinator fidelity and improve reproductive success.

Manifestações otoneurológicas associadas à terapia anti-retroviral Otoneurological manifestations associated with antiretroviral therapy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrêza Batista Cheloni Vieira

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Ototoxicidade e terapia anti-retroviral parecem estar associadas. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar essa possível correlação. Foram avaliados 779 prontuários médicos de pacientes infectados pelo HIV e regularmente acompanhados, sendo 162 tratados com terapia anti-retroviral e 122 não tratados (controle. Pacientes em tratamento eram mais velhos (média 42 anos, com maior tempo de confirmação sorológica (80 meses e com menor carga viral (p=0,00. CD4+ foi semelhante entre os grupos (P=0,60. No grupo tratado, três (1,8% casos de perda auditiva idiopática e dois (1,3% de perda auditiva relacionada a otosclerose foram observadas e ambas iniciadas após terapia anti-retroviral. Nenhuma diferença estatística relacionada à perda auditiva idiopática foi encontrada entre os grupos. Enquanto estudos descritivos consideram possível ototoxidade associada à terapia anti-retroviral, esse possível efeito adverso não foi relacionado à terapia anti-retroviral neste estudo. Contrariamente, otosclerose poderia estar correlacionada à terapia anti-retroviral. Este assunto merece ser estudado.Ototoxicity and antiretroviral therapy seem to be associated. The aim of this study was to evaluate this possible correlation. Evaluations were carried out on 779 medical records from HIV-infected patients who were being regularly followed up, of whom 162 were being treated with antiretroviral therapy and 122 were untreated (controls. The patients undergoing treatment were older (mean: 42 years, had had serological confirmation for longer times (80 months and had smaller viral loads (P = 0.00. CD4+ was similar between the groups (P = 0.60. In the treated group, three cases (1.8% of idiopathic hearing loss and two (1.3% of otosclerosis-related hearing loss were observed, which both started after antiretroviral therapy. No statistical difference relating to idiopathic hearing loss was found between the groups. While descriptive studies consider possible

Terapias regenerativas alternativas: versatilidad de uso, alcances y utilidad, en tendinopatías en la práctica clínica equina.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christian Tuemmers

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A pesar de la alta actividad metabólica de los tenocitos y los esfuerzos terapéuticos vigentes, los tendones dañados se recuperan mediante la reparación en lugar de la regeneración, resultando en un tejido que no posee las mismas características del tendón original que permitan al equino retomar actividades competitivas. Frente a estos escenarios es que se han desarrollado numerosas terapias regenerativas, desde terapias autólogas que involucran la utilización de células mesenquimales y plasma rico en plaquetas, hasta diversas estrategias de ingeniería tisular y terapia génica. La recuperación organizada que mantiene la integridad del tejido original es extremadamente compleja, lo que se traduce en el inevitable proceso de reparación tisular con la utilización del tratamiento convencional, mientras que el uso de estas terapias regenerativas aumenta las posibilidades de lograr un tejido idéntico al original. No obstante, el uso de estas terapias no está exenta de limitantes relacionadas principalmente a las fallas terapéuticas y a la elección de la misma.

Soil fungal effects on floral signals, rewards, and aboveground interactions in an alpine pollination web.

Science.gov (United States)

Becklin, Katie M; Gamez, Guadalupe; Uelk, Bryan; Raguso, Robert A; Galen, Candace

2011-08-01

Plants interact with above- and belowground organisms; the combined effects of these interactions determine plant fitness and trait evolution. To better understand the ecological and evolutionary implications of multispecies interactions, we explored linkages between soil fungi, pollinators, and floral larcenists in Polemonium viscosum (Polemoniaceae). Using a fungicide, we experimentally reduced fungal colonization of krummholz and tundra P. viscosum in 2008-2009. We monitored floral signals and rewards, interactions with pollinators and larcenists, and seed set for fungicide-treated and control plants. Fungicide effects varied among traits, between interactions, and with environmental context. Treatment effects were negligible in 2008, but stronger in 2009, especially in the less-fertile krummholz habitat. There, fungicide increased nectar sugar content and damage by larcenist ants, but did not affect pollination. Surprisingly, fungicide also enhanced seed set, suggesting that direct resource costs of soil fungi exceed indirect benefits from reduced larceny. In the tundra, fungicide effects were negligible in both years. However, pooled across treatments, colonization by mycorrhizal fungi in 2009 correlated negatively with the intensity and diversity of floral volatile organic compounds, suggesting integrated above- and belowground signaling pathways. Fungicide effects on floral rewards in P. viscosum link soil fungi to ecological costs of pollinator attraction. Trait-specific linkages to soil fungi should decouple expression of sensitive and buffered floral phenotypes in P. viscosum. Overall, this study demonstrates how multitrophic linkages may lead to shifting selection pressures on interaction traits, restricting the evolution of specialization.

Self-incompatibility, floral parameters, and pollen characterization in the narrow endemic and threatened species Artemisia granatensis (Asteraceae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Taisma, María Angélica

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Artemisia granatensis Boiss. is a paradigmatic species for plant conservation in Spain and Europe. It is a critically endangered (CR endemic species growing above 2500 m in the Sierra Nevada (southern Spain. Natural populations have been considerably devastated in the past due to intensive human exploitation for folk medicine. The sparse available data concerning the reproductive biology of this species under natural conditions indicate a low reproductive success. To provide additional information on the reproductive biology of A. granatensis, and consequently information useful for the management and conservation of this species, we studied the breeding system through pollen-tube growth. In addition, some floral and pollen traits were recorded. No differences were found between populations in terms of the morphological traits of flowers and inflorescences. A. granatensis is an anemophilous species, and the data indicate that pollen transfer may be limited between isolated populations, and so contributing to an extremely low fruit-set. Results show A. granatensis is selfincompatible, probably with a sporophytic self-incompatibility system, and with no evidence of partial self-incompatibility. Reproductive traits, related to pollen morphology and settling speed may explain the low rate of recruitment in the small populations separated by geographical barriers.Artemisia granatensis Boiss. es una especie paradigmática en la conservación de flora a nivel español y europeo. Es una especie catalogada como En Peligro Crítico (CR endémica de Sierra Nevada (sur de España, donde habita por encima de los 2500 m. Las poblaciones naturales han sido casi exterminadas en el pasado debido a una recolección masiva de la especie, utilizada en medicina popular. Los escasos datos disponibles acerca de su biología reproductiva en condiciones naturales indican que existe un bajo éxi to reproductivo. Con el objetivo de proporcionar información adicional

Intervención en un caso de disartria: aplicación de la Terapia Miofuncional.

OpenAIRE

Primo Díez, Elena

2014-01-01

El trabajo presenta el diseño de un programa de intervención logopédica en un caso de disartria en el ámbito educativo a través de técnicas y procedimientos basados en la terapia miofuncional, que busca el desarrollo global de los órganos orofaciales. Se parte del concepto de disartria y de los subtipos de ésta para posteriormente organizar un plan de intervención que ayude a minorizar las dificultades que esta patología presenta en el ámbito educativo. La terapia miofuncional como modelo ...

Substâncias de origem vegetal potencialmente úteis na terapia da asma

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Maria Fernanda P. Corrêa

Full Text Available A asma é uma doença inflamatória crônica, que representa um problema de saúde pública com altos números de óbitos e elevado impacto socioeconômico. A patologia é caracterizada pela fase imediata, mediada pela resposta aguda de células inflamatórias, e a tardia, que é responsável pela resposta com envolvimento de células específicas do sistema imunológico. Atualmente, os principais tipos de fármacos utilizados no tratamento da asma são os broncodilatadores e agentes antiinflamatórios, que aliviam os sintomas de broncoespasmo e diminuem a inflamação das vias aéreas. Entretanto, terapias com esses medicamentos não são totalmente eficazes e provocam efeitos adversos. A escassez de fármacos seguros e o baixo acesso da população carente aos tratamentos utilizados estimulam a busca de novas substâncias potencialmente úteis no tratamento da asma. Produtos naturais de origem vegetal representam um grande potencial farmacológico contra asma, uma vez que podem fornecer moléculas diversas com mecanismos específicos para tratamento e controle da patologia. A busca por terapias mais eficientes e específicas para o processo asmático mostra que a procura nos produtos naturais é promissora e possui um papel importante para a descoberta de novas terapias contra a asma.

Mejoramiento genético acelerado de angiospermas perennes vía inducción floral por sobre-expresión del gen FT

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Urrea López

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Los bosques y selvas enfrentan el reto de satisfacer la demanda por recursos de una población en crecimiento, así como la amenaza del rápido cambio climático que exacerba la magnitud y frecuencia de estreses bióticos y abióticos. Para ello, es urgente acelerar el mejoramiento genético de especies forestales. Sin embargo, sus largas etapas juveniles y asincronía floral retrasan peligrosamente este proceso. El presente ensayo explora los adelantos biotecnológicos en inducción floral y su potencial aplicación en especies forestales. Entre los genes identificados y caracterizados que participan en la ruta de señalización de la floración, especial atención se destina al gen FLOWERING LOCUS T, considerado un integrador de rutas de señalización altamente conservado entre las angiospermas, que, al sobre-expresarse por ingeniería genética, es capaz de inducir la floración de forma eficiente. Esta novedosa estrategia biotecnológica se ha utilizado, recientemente, para segregar genes de resistencia a enfermedades, en un menor tiempo, en germoplasma comercial de manzana y ciruela. Permite soslayar barreras naturales que por mucho tiempo han restringido a las especies forestales al mejoramiento por selección, principalmente. Entre sus ventajas está la de poder restringirla al proceso y no al producto, para acelerar las cruzas sexuales sin modificar genéticamente la progenie; se aleja así de la controversia alrededor de la liberación y consumo de organismos genéticamente modificados, y de los costos y trámites obligatorios para los OGM para monitoreo de posibles riesgos. Se proyecta como una tecnología que puede acelerar, significativamente, el mejoramiento de especies forestales.

Saberes e interculturalidad: Dilemas y aprendizajes en una experiencia con afrodescendientes colombianas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Irene Victoria-Morales

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo describe los resultados de la investigación: Diálogos afrocéntricos y occidentales en el entrenamiento de terapeutas comunitarios, que se desarrolló en 2013 con una metodología de acción participativa. El propósito del estudio fue analizar cómo un grupo de mujeres colombianas afrodescendientes, desplazadas de la Costa Pacífica en la ciudad de Cali, construyeron sentido en un encuentro pedagógico con un grupo de estudiantes estadounidenses del programa de terapia familiar de la universidad Lewis & Clark, en Portland, Oregon. Los resultados examinan los siguientes temas: el proceso de las mujeres de construcción colectiva de sentido sobre sus saberes como prácticas de resistencia; el significado crítico, nuevo y emergente de las prácticas culturales como una posibilidad de reconfigurar la identidad colectiva; la reconstrucción del tejido social; y el fortalecimiento de las eficacias simbólicas al trabajar terapéuticamente con familias.

Pollen diversity, viability and floral structure of some Musa genotypes

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Prof. Ogunji

Pollen diversity, viability and floral structure of some Musa genotypes ... at the Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources Management farm, Ebonyi State University,. Abakaliki. ..... Roots, tuber, plantains and bananas in human nutrition. Rome,.

An ortholog of LEAFY in Jatropha curcas regulates flowering time and floral organ development.

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Mingyong; Tao, Yan-Bin; Fu, Qiantang; Song, Yaling; Niu, Longjian; Xu, Zeng-Fu

2016-11-21

Jatropha curcas seeds are an excellent biofuel feedstock, but seed yields of Jatropha are limited by its poor flowering and fruiting ability. Thus, identifying genes controlling flowering is critical for genetic improvement of seed yield. We isolated the JcLFY, a Jatropha ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana LEAFY (LFY), and identified JcLFY function by overexpressing it in Arabidopsis and Jatropha. JcLFY is expressed in Jatropha inflorescence buds, flower buds, and carpels, with highest expression in the early developmental stage of flower buds. JcLFY overexpression induced early flowering, solitary flowers, and terminal flowers in Arabidopsis, and also rescued the delayed flowering phenotype of lfy-15, a LFY loss-of-function Arabidopsis mutant. Microarray and qPCR analysis revealed several flower identity and flower organ development genes were upregulated in JcLFY-overexpressing Arabidopsis. JcLFY overexpression in Jatropha also induced early flowering. Significant changes in inflorescence structure, floral organs, and fruit shape occurred in JcLFY co-suppressed plants in which expression of several flower identity and floral organ development genes were changed. This suggests JcLFY is involved in regulating flower identity, floral organ patterns, and fruit shape, although JcLFY function in Jatropha floral meristem determination is not as strong as that of Arabidopsis.

Regulation of Floral Terpenoid Emission and Biosynthesis in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum)

Science.gov (United States)

Jiang, Yifan; Ye, Jiayan; Li, Shuai; Niinemets, Ülo

2018-01-01

Past studies have focused on the composition of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum leaves, but data on composition and regulation of its aerial emissions, especially floral volatile emissions are scarce. We studied the chemical profile, within-flower spatial distribution (sepals, petals, pistils with stamina and pedicels), diurnal emission kinetics and effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application on the emission of floral volatiles by dynamic headspace collection and identification using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). We observed more abundant floral emissions from flowers compared with leaves. Sepals were the main emitters of floral volatiles among the flower parts studied. The emissions of lipoxygenase compounds (LOX) and monoterpenoids, but not sesquiterpene emissions, displayed a diurnal variation driven by light. Response to exogenous MeJA treatment of flowers consisted of a rapid stress response and a longer-term acclimation response. The initial response was associated with enhanced emissions of fatty acid derivatives, monoterpenoids, and sesquiterpenoids without variation of the composition of individual compounds. The longer-term response was associated with enhanced monoterpenoid and sesquiterpenoid emissions with profound changes in the emission spectrum. According to correlated patterns of terpenoid emission changes upon stress, highlighted by a hierarchical cluster analysis, candidate terpenoid synthases responsible for observed diversity and complexity of released terpenoid blends were postulated. We conclude that flower volatile emissions differ quantitatively and qualitatively from leaf emissions, and overall contribute importantly to O. basilicum flavor, especially under stress conditions. PMID:29367803

Expression of proteinase inhibitor II proteins during floral development in Solanum americanum.

Science.gov (United States)

Sin, Suk-Fong; Chye, Mee-Len

2004-10-01

The heterologous expression of serine proteinase inhibitor II (PIN2) proteins confers insect resistance in transgenic plants, but little is known of their endogenous roles. We have cloned two cDNAs encoding Solanum americanum PIN2 proteins, SaPIN2a and SaPIN2b. SaPIN2a is highly expressed in stem, particularly in the phloem, suggesting it could possibly regulate proteolysis in the sieve elements. When SaPIN2a was expressed in transgenic lettuce, we observed an inhibition of endogenous trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like activities. Here, we demonstrate that both SaPIN2a and SaPIN2b are expressed in floral tissues that are destined to undergo developmental programmed cell death (PCD), suggesting possible endogenous roles in inhibiting trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like activities during flower development. Northern and western blot analyses revealed that SaPIN2a and SaPIN2b mRNAs and proteins show highest expression early in floral development. In situ hybridization analysis and immunolocalization on floral sections, localized SaPIN2a and SaPIN2b mRNAs and their proteins to tissues that would apparently undergo PCD: the ovules, the stylar transmitting tissue, the stigma and the vascular bundles. Detection of PCD in floral sections was achieved using terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis. Examination of the mid-style before, and 1 day after, pollination revealed that high expression of SaPIN2a and SaPIN2b in the style was inversely correlated with PCD.

36 CFR 12.10 - Floral and commemorative tributes.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Floral and commemorative tributes. 12.10 Section 12.10 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE... of fresh cut or artificial flowers in or on a metal or other non-breakable rod or container...

Beneficios de la terapia con resistómetro inspiratorio en los pacientes con esclerosis multiple frente a terapias respiratorias convencionales

OpenAIRE

Martín Sánchez, Carlos

2016-01-01

[ES] La Universidad de Salamanca (USAL) a través del programa de Doctorado en Oncología Clínica realiza un estudio con ASPRODES, la Asociación Salmantina de Esclerosis Múltiple (ASDEM) y la Asociación Zamorana de Esclerosis Múltiple (AZDEM) para llevar a cabo un estudio experimental con el fin de analizar las ventajas que la terapia respiratoria con resistómetro inspiratorio puede aportar a los pacientes con Esclerosis Múltiple frente a las técnicas de fisioterapia respiratoria convencional. ...

Geographic variation in floral allometry suggests repeated transitions between selfing and outcrossing in a mixed mating plant.

Science.gov (United States)

Summers, Holly E; Hartwick, Sally M; Raguso, Robert A

2015-05-01

Isometric and allometric scaling of a conserved floral plan could provide a parsimonious mechanism for rapid and reversible transitions between breeding systems. This scaling may occur during transitions between predominant autogamy and xenogamy, contributing to the maintenance of a stable mixed mating system. We compared nine disjunct populations of the polytypic, mixed mating species Oenothera flava (Onagraceae) to two parapatric relatives, the obligately xenogamous species O. acutissima and the mixed mating species O. triloba. We compared floral morphology of all taxa using principal component analysis (PCA) and developmental trajectories of floral organs using ANCOVA homogeneity of slopes. The PCA revealed both isometric and allometric scaling of a conserved floral plan. Three principal components (PCs) explained 92.5% of the variation in the three species. PC1 predominantly loaded on measures of floral size and accounts for 36% of the variation. PC2 accounted for 35% of the variation, predominantly in traits that influence pollinator handling. PC3 accounted for 22% of the variation, primarily in anther-stigma distance (herkogamy). During O. flava subsp. taraxacoides development, style elongation was accelerated relative to anthers, resulting in positive herkogamy. During O. flava subsp. flava development, style elongation was decelerated, resulting in zero or negative herkogamy. Of the two populations with intermediate morphology, style elongation was accelerated in one population and decelerated in the other. Isometric and allometric scaling of floral organs in North American Oenothera section Lavauxia drive variation in breeding system. Multiple developmental paths to intermediate phenotypes support the likelihood of multiple mating system transitions. © 2015 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Floral development and evolution of capitulum structure in Anacyclus (Anthemideae, Asteraceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Bello, M Angélica; Álvarez, Inés; Torices, Rubén; Fuertes-Aguilar, Javier

2013-11-01

Most of the diversity in the pseudanthia of Asteraceae is based on the differential symmetry and sexuality of its flowers. In Anacyclus, where there are (1) homogamous capitula, with bisexual, mainly actinomorphic and pentamerous flowers; and (2) heterogamous capitula, with peripheral zygomorphic, trimerous and long-/short-rayed female flowers, the floral ontogeny was investigated to infer their origin. Floral morphology and ontogeny were studied using scanning electron microscope and light microscope techniques. Disc flowers, subtended by paleae, initiate acropetally. Perianth and androecium initiation is unidirectional/simultaneous. Late zygomorphy occurs by enlargement of the adaxial perianth lobes. In contrast, ray flowers, subtended by involucral bracts, initiate after the proximal disc buds, breaking the inflorescence acropetal pattern. Early zygomorphy is manifested through the fusion of the lateral and abaxial perianth lobes and the arrest of the adaxials. We report atypical phenotypes with peripheral 'trumpet' flowers from natural populations. The peripheral 'trumpet' buds initiate after disc flowers, but maintain an actinomorphic perianth. All phenotypes are compared and interpreted in the context of alternative scenarios for the origin of the capitulum and the perianth identity. Homogamous inflorescences display a uniform floral morphology and development, whereas the peripheral buds in heterogamous capitula display remarkable plasticity. Disc and ray flowers follow different floral developmental pathways. Peripheral zygomorphic flowers initiate after the proximal actinomorphic disc flowers, behaving as lateral independent units of the pseudanthial disc from inception. The perianth and the androecium are the most variable whorls across the different types of flowers, but their changes are not correlated. Lack of homology between hypanthial appendages and a calyx, and the perianth double-sided structure are discussed for Anacyclus together with potential

Geographic variation in floral traits and the capacity of autonomous selfing across allopatric and sympatric populations of two closely related Centaurium species.

Science.gov (United States)

Schouppe, Dorien; Brys, Rein; Vallejo-Marin, Mario; Jacquemyn, Hans

2017-04-21

Floral traits and the relative contribution of autonomous selfing to total seed set varies geographically and is often driven by the availability and abundance of suitable pollinators and/or the presence of co-flowering relatives. In the latter case, competition for pollinator services and costs of hybridization can select for floral traits that reduce interspecific gene flow and contribute to prezygotic isolation, potentially leading to geographic variation in floral divergence between allopatric and sympatric populations. In this study, we investigated variation in floral traits and its implications on the capacity of autonomous selfing in both allopatric and sympatric populations of two closely related Centaurium species(Gentianaceae) across two distinct geographic regions(UK and mainland Europe). Although the magnitude and direction of floral differentiation varied between regions, sympatric populations were always significantly more divergent in floral traits and the capacity to self autonomously than allopatric populations. These results indicate that mating systems can vary substantially within a species and that the joint occurrence of plant species can have a major impact on floral morphology and capacity of autonomous selfing, most likely as a way to reduce the probability of interspecific interference.

A genetic screen for modifiers of UFO meristem activity identifies three novel FUSED FLORAL ORGANS genes required for early flower development in Arabidopsis.

Science.gov (United States)

Levin, J Z; Fletcher, J C; Chen, X; Meyerowitz, E M

1998-06-01

In a screen to identify novel genes required for early Arabidopsis flower development, we isolated four independent mutations that enhance the Ufo phenotype toward the production of filamentous structures in place of flowers. The mutants fall into three complementation groups, which we have termed FUSED FLORAL ORGANS (FFO) loci. ffo mutants have specific defects in floral organ separation and/or positioning; thus, the FFO genes identify components of a boundary formation mechanism(s) acting between developing floral organ primordia. FFO1 and FFO3 have specific functions in cauline leaf/stem separation and in first- and third-whorl floral organ separation, with FFO3 likely acting to establish and FFO1 to maintain floral organ boundaries. FFO2 acts at early floral stages to regulate floral organ number and positioning and to control organ separation within and between whorls. Plants doubly mutant for two ffo alleles display additive phenotypes, indicating that the FFO genes may act in separate pathways. Plants doubly mutant for an ffo gene and for ufo, lfy, or clv3 reveal that the FFO genes play roles related to those of UFO and LFY in floral meristem initiation and that FFO2 and FFO3 may act to control cell proliferation late in inflorescence development.

Covariance and decoupling of floral and vegetative traits in nine Neotropical plants: a re-evaluation of Berg's correlation-pleiades concept.

Science.gov (United States)

Armbruster, W S; Di Stilio, V S; Tuxill, J D; Flores, T C; Velásquez Runk, J L

1999-01-01

Nearly forty years ago R. L. Berg proposed that plants with specialized pollination ecology evolve genetic and developmental systems that decouple floral morphology from phenotypic variation in vegetative traits. These species evolve separate floral and vegetative trait clusters, or as she termed them, "correlation pleiades." The predictions of this hypothesis have been generally supported, but only a small sample of temperate-zone herb and grass species has been tested. To further evaluate this hypothesis, especially its applicability to plants of other growth forms, we examined the patterns of phenotypic variation and covariation of floral and vegetative traits in nine species of Neotropical plants. We recognized seven specific predictions of Berg's hypothesis. Our results supported some predictions but not others. Species with specialized pollination systems usually had floral traits decoupled (weak correlation; Canna and Eichornia) or buffered (relationship with shallow proportional slope; Calathea and Canna) from variation in vegetative traits. However, the same trend was also observed in three species with unspecialized pollination systems (Echinodorus, Muntingia, and Wedelia). One species with unspecialized pollination (Croton) and one wind-pollinated species (Cyperus) showed no decoupling or buffering, as predicted. While species with specialized pollination usually showed lower coefficients of variation for floral traits than vegetative traits (as predicted), the same was also true of species with unspecialized or wind pollination (unlike our prediction). Species with specialized pollination showed less variation in floral traits than did species with unspecialized or wind pollination, as predicted. However, the same was true of the corresponding vegetative traits, which was unexpected. Also in contrast to our prediction, plants with specialized pollination systems did not exhibit tighter phenotypic integration of floral characters than did species with

Ações de terapia ocupacional com adolescentes gestantes na rotina diária / Actions of Occupational Therapy with adolescent pregnancy in daily routine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cinthia Raquel Ferreira Nascimento

2017-11-01

, laspoliticapublicasbrasileñaspresentanla cultura como derecho. Cultura, en neste caso, no sólo entendida como manifestaciones artísticas y estéticas, sino como uma cuestión de la identidade, protegiendotambiénsu diversidade. Para esta investigación, elegimosel enfoque cualitativo a partir de un enfoque analítico descriptivo, teniendo como base el método documentaldeldiario de campo de lasclases de los dos semestres consecutivos de la disciplina de Terapia Ocupacional Social de uncurso de una Universidad Publica. Los resultados obtenidos se dividieranentres categorias de análisis: (1 Cultura atravesandolapráctica, (2 Cultura como recurso y (3 Cultura como um campo de acción de la Terapia Ocupacional. Se entiende que la Cultura puede definir como campo específico de acción, con una finalidade determinada, lo que apunta para lanecesidad de los estúdios y uma formacción dirigida enparticular  aaquellas políticas, servicios y prácticas. Los datos de este estudio especialmente sumado a las diversas experienciasde la Terapia Ocupacional enelámbito de la Cultura han demonstrado lanecesidad de replantearlaformaciónprofesional. Una pista importante llevaría a uma revisión de lasdirectrices curriculares nacionales, teniendo em cuentaelámbito de la Cultura como locus de produccióndelconociento y laintervencióndel terapeuta ocupacional. Se apunta que és necesarioinvertiren neste tipo de formación para laconsolidación de lasprácticas de el terapeuta ocupacional enelámbito de la Cultura.Palalvras claves: Terapia Ocupacional, Cultura, Ciudadanía Cultural, Formación Profesional. 

Floral development and vascularization help to explain merism evolution in Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae, Poales

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Arthur de Lima Silva

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Background Flowers in Eriocaulaceae, a monocot family that is highly diversified in Brazil, are generally trimerous, but dimerous flowers occur in Paepalanthus and a few other genera. The floral merism in an evolutionary context, however, is unclear. Paepalanthus encompasses significant morphological variation leading to a still unresolved infrageneric classification. Ontogenetic comparative studies of infrageneric groups in Paepalanthus and in Eriocaulaceae are lacking, albeit necessary to establish evolution of characters such as floral merism and their role as putative synapomorphies. Methods We studied the floral development and vascularization of eight species of Paepalanthus that belong to distinct clades in which dimery occurs, using light and scanning electron microscopies. Results Floral ontogeny in dimerous Paepalanthus shows lateral sepals emerging simultaneously and late-developing petals. The outer whorl of stamens is absent in all flowers examined here. The inner whorl of stamens becomes functional in staminate flowers and is reduced to staminodes in the pistillate ones. In pistillate flowers, vascular bundles reach the staminodes. Ovary vascularization shows ventral bundles in a commissural position reaching the synascidiate portion of the carpels. Three gynoecial patterns are described for the studied species: (1 gynoecium with a short style, two nectariferous branches and two long stigmatic branches, in most species; (2 gynoecium with a long style, two nectariferous branches and two short stigmatic branches, in P. echinoides; and (3 gynoecium with long style, absent nectariferous branches and two short stigmatic branches, in P. scleranthus. Discussion Floral development of the studied species corroborates the hypothesis that the sepals of dimerous flowers of Paepalanthus correspond to the lateral sepals of trimerous flowers. The position and vascularization of floral parts also show that, during dimery evolution in Paepalanthus

Flavonoids patterns of French honeys with different floral origin

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Soler, C.; Gil, M.I.; Garcia-Viguera, C.; Tomás-Barberán, F.A.

1995-01-01

The flavonoid profiles of 12 different unifloral French honey samples were analysed by HPLC to evaluate if these substances could be used as markers of the floral origin of honey. In this analysis, the characteristic flavonoids from propolis and/or beeswax (chrysin, galangin, tectochrysin,

[Floral syndrome and breeding system of Corydalis edulis].

Science.gov (United States)

Xia, Qing; Zhou, Shoubiao; Zhang, Dong; Chao, Tiancai

2012-05-01

A field investigation was conducted on the floral syndrome and breeding system of Corydalis edulis located in natural populations in campus of Anhui Normal University by out-crossing index, pollen-ovule ratio, artificial pollination and bagging experiment. The results showed that the plant was in bloom from March to May and flowering span among populations was 72 days. The flowering span for a raceme was 14-24 days. The life span of one single flower was approximately 5-10 days. Spatial positioning of stigma and anthers were spatially desperation on the day of anthesis. The filaments were shorter than the styles through pollen vitality and stigma receptivity experiments. A self-pollination breeding system was reflected by OCI 3, pollinators were required sometimes; A complex cross bred was indicated by P/O = 857.14, combined with the results of the bagging and artificial pollination experiment, the breeding system of C. edulis was mixed with self-pollination and outcrossing. The special floral structure and pests destroying may have a certain impact on seed-set rate.

Floral Trait Variations Among Wild Tobacco Populations Influence the Foraging Behavior of Hawkmoth Pollinators

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Alexander Haverkamp

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Most pollinators visit flowers in the search of nectar rewards. However, as the floral nectar can often not be directly detected by pollinators, many flower visitors use secondary metabolites such as odor- or taste-proxies to anticipate nectar quantity and quality. Plants might exploit these sensory inferences of the pollinator to increase their pollination rates without increasing their caloric investment into their floral rewards. Here we investigated the effects of natural variation in certain primary and secondary floral metabolites in three populations of the wild tobacco, Nicotiana attenuata, on the pollination behavior of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. Although offering the same caloric value per flower, the plants of these populations differ in the compositions and concentrations of sugars within the nectar. Moreover, the flowers of these plants emitted highly contrasting levels of attractive floral volatiles (benzyl acetone, but did not differ in the amounts of defensive nectar metabolites (nicotine. In wind tunnel assays with M. sexta moths, plants from those populations that released the largest amount of benzyl acetone as well as those that had a higher ratio of nectar sucrose were more frequently visited and re-visited by the hawkmoth. High emissions of benzyl acetone additionally correlated with a higher time investment of the moths into individual flowers on each visit, leading to the largest foraging success of the moths on those flowers that were most strongly scented. We propose that it is the variation of flower metabolites and their detection by the pollinator rather than the actual caloric value of the nectar, which determines pollinator visitations to a certain flower population. Hence, plants could potentially create a specialist pollinator community by altering their floral signals, either by producing volatiles that pollinators prefer or by providing nectar sugars that pollinators are most sensitive to, while at the same

Terapia EMDR en el trastorno límite de personalidad

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Dolores Mosquera

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Los trastornos de personalidad se han asociado a problemas de apego y trauma temprano, siendo de todos ellos el trastorno límite el que presenta unos porcentajes más elevados. La aplicación de terapias orientadas al trauma como EMDR (Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento por Movimientos Oculares en estos trastornos ofrece interesantes posibilidades para su abordaje.

Translocation of heavy metals from soils into floral organs and rewards of Cucurbita pepo: Implications for plant reproductive fitness.

Science.gov (United States)

Xun, Erna; Zhang, Yanwen; Zhao, Jimin; Guo, Jixun

2017-11-01

Metals and metalloids in soil could be transferred into reproductive organs and floral rewards of hyperaccumulator plants and influence their reproductive success, yet little is known whether non-hyperaccumulator plants can translocate heavy metals from soil into their floral organs and rewards (i.e., nectar and pollen) and, if so, whether plant reproduction will be affected. In our studies, summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L. cv. Golden Apple) was exposed to heavy-metal treatments during bud stage to investigate the translocation of soil-supplemented zinc, copper, nickel and lead into its floral organs (pistil, anther and nectary) and rewards (nectar and pollen) as well as floral metal accumulation effects on its reproduction. The results showed that metals taken up by squash did translocate into its floral organs and rewards, although metal accumulation varied depending on different metal types and concentrations as well as floral organ/reward types. Mean foraging time of honey bees to each male and female flower of squash grown in metal-supplemented soils was shorter relative to that of plants grown in control soils, although the visitation rate of honeybees to both male and female flowers was not affected by metal treatments. Pollen viability, pollen removal and deposition as well as mean mass per seed produced by metal-treated squash that received pollen from plants grown in control soils decreased with elevated soil-supplemented metal concentrations. The fact that squash could translocate soil-supplemented heavy metals into floral organs and rewards indicated possible reproductive consequences caused either directly (i.e., decreasing pollen viability or seed mass) or indirectly (i.e., affecting pollinators' visitation behavior to flowers) to plant fitness. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Floral reward, advertisement and attractiveness to honey bees in dioecious Salix caprea.

Science.gov (United States)

Dötterl, Stefan; Glück, Ulrike; Jürgens, Andreas; Woodring, Joseph; Aas, Gregor

2014-01-01

In dioecious, zoophilous plants potential pollinators have to be attracted to both sexes and switch between individuals of both sexes for pollination to occur. It often has been suggested that males and females require different numbers of visits for maximum reproductive success because male fertility is more likely limited by access to mates, whereas female fertility is rather limited by resource availability. According to sexual selection theory, males therefore should invest more in pollinator attraction (advertisement, reward) than females. However, our knowledge on the sex specific investment in floral rewards and advertisement, and its effects on pollinator behaviour is limited. Here, we use an approach that includes chemical, spectrophotometric, and behavioural studies i) to elucidate differences in floral nectar reward and advertisement (visual, olfactory cues) in dioecious sallow, Salix caprea, ii) to determine the relative importance of visual and olfactory floral cues in attracting honey bee pollinators, and iii) to test for differential attractiveness of female and male inflorescence cues to honey bees. Nectar amount and sugar concentration are comparable, but sugar composition varies between the sexes. Olfactory sallow cues are more attractive to honey bees than visual cues; however, a combination of both cues elicits the strongest behavioural responses in bees. Male flowers are due to the yellow pollen more colourful and emit a higher amount of scent than females. Honey bees prefer the visual but not the olfactory display of males over those of females. In all, the data of our multifaceted study are consistent with the sexual selection theory and provide novel insights on how the model organism honey bee uses visual and olfactory floral cues for locating host plants.

Floral reward, advertisement and attractiveness to honey bees in dioecious Salix caprea.

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Stefan Dötterl

Full Text Available In dioecious, zoophilous plants potential pollinators have to be attracted to both sexes and switch between individuals of both sexes for pollination to occur. It often has been suggested that males and females require different numbers of visits for maximum reproductive success because male fertility is more likely limited by access to mates, whereas female fertility is rather limited by resource availability. According to sexual selection theory, males therefore should invest more in pollinator attraction (advertisement, reward than females. However, our knowledge on the sex specific investment in floral rewards and advertisement, and its effects on pollinator behaviour is limited. Here, we use an approach that includes chemical, spectrophotometric, and behavioural studies i to elucidate differences in floral nectar reward and advertisement (visual, olfactory cues in dioecious sallow, Salix caprea, ii to determine the relative importance of visual and olfactory floral cues in attracting honey bee pollinators, and iii to test for differential attractiveness of female and male inflorescence cues to honey bees. Nectar amount and sugar concentration are comparable, but sugar composition varies between the sexes. Olfactory sallow cues are more attractive to honey bees than visual cues; however, a combination of both cues elicits the strongest behavioural responses in bees. Male flowers are due to the yellow pollen more colourful and emit a higher amount of scent than females. Honey bees prefer the visual but not the olfactory display of males over those of females. In all, the data of our multifaceted study are consistent with the sexual selection theory and provide novel insights on how the model organism honey bee uses visual and olfactory floral cues for locating host plants.

Efecto de la aplicación de terapia conductual en la adquisición de destrezas básicas para el aprendizaje, en tres niños con autismoa partir de la expresión artística

OpenAIRE

Hannia Cabezas Pizarro

2004-01-01

El presente estudio muestra el efecto de la utilización de terapia conductual aplicada, en tres niños con autismo, y cuyo propósito fue el de desarrollar aquellas conductas de entrada básicas para el aprendizaje como son el permanecer sentados, el control de llanto, el establecimiento de contacto ocular y la identificación del yo, consideradas habilidades básicas que deben tener los niños para incursionar en el proceso educativo. Una vez que el niño adquiere esta gama ...

Mediator subunit18 controls flowering time and floral organ identity in Arabidopsis.

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Zhengui Zheng

Full Text Available Mediator is a conserved multi-protein complex that plays an important role in regulating transcription by mediating interactions between transcriptional activator proteins and RNA polymerase II. Much evidence exists that Mediator plays a constitutive role in the transcription of all genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. However, evidence is mounting that specific Mediator subunits may control the developmental regulation of specific subsets of RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Although the Mediator complex has been extensively studied in yeast and mammals, only a few reports on Mediator function in flowering time control of plants, little is known about Mediator function in floral organ identity. Here we show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, MEDIATOR SUBUNIT 18 (MED18 affects flowering time and floral organ formation through FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC and AGAMOUS (AG. A MED18 loss-of-function mutant showed a remarkable syndrome of later flowering and altered floral organ number. We show that FLC and AG mRNA levels and AG expression patterns are altered in the mutant. Our results support parallels between the regulation of FLC and AG and demonstrate a developmental role for Mediator in plants.

Polimorfismo floral em Valeriana scandens L. (Valerianaceae Floral polymorphism in Valeriana scandens L. (Valerianaceae

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Erica Duarte-Silva

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Foram encontrados três morfos florais em Valeriana scandens L.: flor perfeita, flor pistilada 1 e flor pistilada 2. A perfeita possui corola maior que a dos demais morfos, com lobos reflexos na antese, giba proeminente e localizada na porção proximal do tubo floral; anteras maiores que as dos demais morfos, com pólen viável; estilete curto e estigma incluso, o menor ovário e saco embrionário estruturalmente normal, semelhante ao dos demais morfos. A pistilada 1 possui a giba menos proeminente, corola de tamanho intermediário em relação aos demais morfos, lobos radiais na antese; anteras pequenas, sem pólen e estilete longo e estigma exserto. A pistilada 2 possui lobos radiais na antese, anteras de comprimento semelhante às da perfeita, mas de menor largura, com pólen inviável; estilete mais curto, tal como o da flor perfeita, e estigma exserto, tal como o da flor pistilada 1. Nos três morfos, o nectário é formado por tricomas secretores unicelulares situados na epiderme da face interna da giba, e suas sementes são viáveis. As flores pistilada 2 e perfeita apresentam um septo que isola a giba do restante do tubo floral, formando uma câmara nectarífera. V. scandens L. é ginomonóica-ginodióica, expressão sexual inédita em Valerianaceae.Three floral morphs were found in Valeriana scandens L.: perfect, pistillate 1, and pistillate 2. In perfect flowers, the corolla is longer than in the other morphs, with reflexed lobes at anthesis and a prominent gibbus at the tube base; anthers are longer and contain viable pollen grains; the pistil has a short included style/stigma and the smallest ovary, but a structurally normal embryo sac similar to that of the other morphs. In pistillate 1 flowers, the corolla is intermediate in size, and has radially displayed lobes at anthesis, and a softly prominent gibbus; anthers are small and devoid of pollen; the pistil shows a long exerted style/stigma. In pistillate 2 flowers, the corolla

EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS BRASILEIRAS SOBRE ADESÃO À TERAPIA ANTIRRETROVIRAL POR PESSOAS QUE VIVEM COM HIV/AIDS

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Érick Igor dos Santos

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa objetivou descrever os registros científicos brasileiros acerca da adesão à terapia antirretroviral (TARV por pessoas que vivem com HIV/AIDS. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo, de revisão integrativa de literatura, realizado na base LILACS e na biblioteca virtual SciELO, acessadas por intermédio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS. Como resultados, obtiveram-se as categorias: conceitos de adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral, condições de adesão/não adesão/abandono à terapia antirretroviral, a influência da terapia antirretroviral na vida de alguns dos diversos grupos populacionais e ações de enfermagem para a promoção da adesão à terapia antirretroviral. Concluiu-se que as dificuldades de adesão à TARV mostram-se oriundas, sobretudo ao baixo nível educacional, ao déficit de suporte familiar e social, consumo de bebida alcoólica e drogas ilícitas e efeitos colaterais proporcionados por tais medicamentos. Assim, a enfermagem brasileira deve ser capaz de assistir aos sujeitos que necessitam da TARV em seus fatores psicossociais e demandas de saúde, instrumentalizada, sobretudo, pela sistematização da assistência. Descritores: Enfermagem, Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida, Adesão à Medicação, HIV. 

Floral ontogeny of two Jatropha species (Euphorbiaceae s.s) and its systematic implications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, H.; Liao, J.

2015-01-01

Floral ontogeny of Jatropha multifida L. and Jatropha integerrima Jacq. (Euphorbiaceae) was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These two species possess unisexual male flowers and bisexual (with unfunctional staminodes) female flowers. In both male and female flowers, five sepal primordia arise in a 2/5 sequence on the periphery of the floral apex and initiate anticlockwise or clockwise in different floral buds. Five petal primordia initiate simultaneously alternate to sepals. Dicyclic stamens (obdiplostemony) arise in both male and female flowers. In J. multifida, five outer stamen primordia arise first simultaneously and then three inner stamens initiate simultaneously. However, in J. integerrima, ten stamen primordia arranged in two whorls initiate simultaneously. While the ovary is absent in the male flowers, in the female flowers, three carpel primordia appear simultaneously. With further development of the ovary the stamens degenerate in the female flowers, whereas in the male flowers, the stamens grow normally. Ancestral state reconstruction using MacClade indicates that stamen simultaneous vs. non-simultaneous initiation supports the phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequence. (author)

Cytological behaviour of floral organs and in silico characterization ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

c Indian Academy of Sciences. RESEARCH ... have defects in number, size, shape and function. ... associated with 'floral bud distortion' in soybean. J. Genet. 95, 787–799] ... with different names, namely no podding syndrome in India, .... three independent runs. ... eluted from the agaros gel with sharp surgical blade without.

Síndrome de Edwards de larga supervivencia: Efecto del tratamiento rehabilitador integral

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Katia Bustillos-Villalta

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Se reporta el caso de una adolescente de 15 años de edad con diagnóstico de Síndrome de Edwards referida a nuestro servicio de rehabilitación desde el primer año de vida. La paciente presenta rasgos dismórficos múltiples y desde el año de edad ha recibido tratamiento rehabilitador integral en: terapia física, terapia ocupacional, terapia de lenguaje, terapia de modificación de conducta y terapia de psicomotricidad. Actualmente asiste a terapia ocupacional y terapia de modificación de conducta, con controles médicos periódicos.

Perfil e prognóstico a longo prazo dos pacientes que recebem terapia insulínica em unidades de terapia intensiva clínico-cirúrgica: estudo de coorte Profile and long-term prognosis of glucose tight control in intensive care unit - patients: a cohort study

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Márcia Inês Boff

2009-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Hiperglicemia induzida por estresse ocorre com freqüência em pacientes criticamente doentes e tem sido associada a aumento de mortalidade e morbidade tanto em pacientes diabéticos, quanto em não diabéticos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil e prognóstico a longo prazo dos pacientes críticos que recebem terapia insulínica contínua na unidade de terapia intensiva. MÉTODOS: Coorte prospectiva, em que foram estudados os pacientes internados na unidade de terapia intensiva no período de 1 ano. Foram analisadas variáveis demográficas, escores de gravidade e o prognóstico a curto na unidade de terapia intensiva, e a longo prazo (2 anos da alta da unidade de terapia intensiva. Os pacientes foram classificados em 2 grupos: pacientes que receberam terapia insulínica contínua para controle glicêmico indicada pela equipe da unidade de terapia intensiva e pacientes que não receberam terapia insulínica. RESULTADOS: Dos 603 pacientes incluídos no estudo, 102 (16,9% receberam terapia insulínica contínua, objetivando níveis glicêmicos OBJECTIVES: Stress-induced hyperglycemia is frequent in critically ill patients and has been associated with increased mortality and morbidity (both in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. This study objective was to evaluate the profile and long-term prognosis of critically ill patients undergoing tight glucose-control. METHODS: Prospective cohort. All patients admitted to the intensive care unit over 1-year were enrolled. We analyzed demographic data, therapeutic intervention, and short- (during the stay and long-term (2 years after discharge mortality. The patients were categorized in 2 groups: tight glucose control and non-tight glucose-control, based on the unit staff decision. RESULTS: From the 603 enrolled patients, 102 (16.9% underwent tight control (glucose <150 mg/dL while 501 patients (83.1% non-tight control. Patients in the TGC-group were more severely ill than those in the

Pollination of Cypripedium plectrochilum (Orchidaceae) by Lasioglossum spp. (Halictidae): the roles of generalist attractants versus restrictive floral architecture.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, P; Luo, Y; Bernhardt, P; Kou, Y; Perner, H

2008-03-01

The pollination of Cypripedium plectrochilum Franch. was studied in the Huanglong Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China. Although large bees (Bombus, Apis), small bees (Ceratina, Lasioglossum), ants (Formica sp.), true flies (Diptera) and a butterfly were all found to visit the flowers, only small bees, including three Lasioglossum spp. (L. viridiclaucum, L. sichuanense and L. sp.; Halictidae) and one Ceratina sp., carried the flower's pollen and contacted the receptive stigma. Measurements of floral architecture showed that interior floral dimensions best fit the exterior dimensions of Lasioglossum spp., leading to the consistent deposition and stigmatic reception of dorsally-placed, pollen smears. The floral fragrance was dominated by one ketone, 3-methyl-Decen-2-one. The conversion rate of flowers into capsules in open (insect) pollinated flowers at the site was more than 38%. We conclude that, while pigmentation patterns and floral fragrance attracted a wide variety of insect foragers, canalization of interior floral dimensions ultimately determined the spectrum of potential pollinators in this generalist, food-mimic flower. A review of the literature showed that the specialised mode of pollination-by-deceit in C. plectrochilum, limiting pollinators to a narrow and closely related guild of 'dupes' is typical for other members of this genus.

How to be an attractive male: floral dimorphism and attractiveness to pollinators in a dioecious plant

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Waelti Marc O

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Sexual selection theory predicts that males are limited in their reproductive success by access to mates, whereas females are more limited by resources. In animal-pollinated plants, attraction of pollinators and successful pollination is crucial for reproductive success. In dioecious plant species, males should thus be selected to increase their attractiveness to pollinators by investing more than females in floral traits that enhance pollinator visitation. We tested the prediction of higher attractiveness of male flowers in the dioecious, moth-pollinated herb Silene latifolia, by investigating floral signals (floral display and fragrance and conducting behavioral experiments with the pollinator-moth, Hadena bicruris. Results As found in previous studies, male plants produced more but smaller flowers. Male flowers, however, emitted significantly larger amounts of scent than female flowers, especially of the pollinator-attracting compounds. In behavioral tests we showed that naïve pollinator-moths preferred male over female flowers, but this preference was only significant for male moths. Conclusion Our data suggest the evolution of dimorphic floral signals is shaped by sexual selection and pollinator preferences, causing sexual conflict in both plants and pollinators.

Dinâmica floral e abortamento de flores em híbridos de canola e mostarda castanha Floral dynamics and flower abortion in hybrids of canola and Indian mustard

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Rafael Battisti

2013-02-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a dinâmica floral e determinar o índice de abortamento de flores de híbridos de canola (Brassica napus e de mostarda castanha (Brassica juncea, bem como determinar suas relações com as condições meteorológicas do Sul do Brasil. Durante a floração, dez híbridos de canola e dois de mostarda foram avaliados a cada três dias quanto ao número de flores abertas, de síliquas e de flores abortadas. O número acumulado e relativo de flores foi usado para avaliação da dinâmica floral. A relação desses números com a soma térmica acumulada durante a floração foi determinada por meio de modelo logístico. A partir dos coeficientes desse modelo, identificaram-se grupos de genótipos com diferentes taxas de emissão de flores. O abortamento de flores entre híbridos variou de 10,53 a 45,96% e correlacionou-se com a temperatura e a demanda evaporativa da atmosfera. Genótipos com maiores tempos térmicos entre o período de máxima emissão de flores e o final da floração geralmente apresentam maiores percentagens de abortamento de flores. O ajuste dos dados de emissão de flores aos de soma térmica do período da floração, por meio de modelo logístico, permite simular a dinâmica floral de híbridos de canola e mostarda castanha.The objective of this work was to evaluate the floral dynamics and to determine the index of flower abortion in canola (Brassica napus and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea hybrids, as well as to determine their relation with meteorological conditions of southern Brazil. During flowering, ten hybrids of canola and two of Indian mustard were evaluated every three days as to the number of open flowers, pods, and aborted flowers. The cumulative and the relative number of flowers were used to evaluate floral dynamics. The relation of these numbers with the accumulated thermal sum during flowering was determined with a logistic model. Groups of genotypes with different

Major transcriptome reprogramming underlies floral mimicry induced by the rust fungus Puccinia monoica in Boechera stricta.

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Liliana M Cano

Full Text Available Pucciniamonoica is a spectacular plant parasitic rust fungus that triggers the formation of flower-like structures (pseudoflowers in its Brassicaceae host plant Boecherastricta. Pseudoflowers mimic in shape, color, nectar and scent co-occurring and unrelated flowers such as buttercups. They act to attract insects thereby aiding spore dispersal and sexual reproduction of the rust fungus. Although much ecological research has been performed on P. monoica-induced pseudoflowers, this system has yet to be investigated at the molecular or genomic level. To date, the molecular alterations underlying the development of pseudoflowers and the genes involved have not been described. To address this, we performed gene expression profiling to reveal 256 plant biological processes that are significantly altered in pseudoflowers. Among these biological processes, plant genes involved in cell fate specification, regulation of transcription, reproduction, floral organ development, anthocyanin (major floral pigments and terpenoid biosynthesis (major floral volatile compounds were down-regulated in pseudoflowers. In contrast, plant genes involved in shoot, cotyledon and leaf development, carbohydrate transport, wax biosynthesis, cutin transport and L-phenylalanine metabolism (pathway that results in phenylethanol and phenylacetaldehyde volatile production were up-regulated. These findings point to an extensive reprogramming of host genes by the rust pathogen to induce floral mimicry. We also highlight 31 differentially regulated plant genes that are enriched in the biological processes mentioned above, and are potentially involved in the formation of pseudoflowers. This work illustrates the complex perturbations induced by rust pathogens in their host plants, and provides a starting point for understanding the molecular mechanisms of pathogen-induced floral mimicry.

Digital Gene Expression Analysis Based on De Novo Transcriptome Assembly Reveals New Genes Associated with Floral Organ Differentiation of the Orchid Plant Cymbidium ensifolium.

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Fengxi Yang

Full Text Available Cymbidium ensifolium belongs to the genus Cymbidium of the orchid family. Owing to its spectacular flower morphology, C. ensifolium has considerable ecological and cultural value. However, limited genetic data is available for this non-model plant, and the molecular mechanism underlying floral organ identity is still poorly understood. In this study, we characterize the floral transcriptome of C. ensifolium and present, for the first time, extensive sequence and transcript abundance data of individual floral organs. After sequencing, over 10 Gb clean sequence data were generated and assembled into 111,892 unigenes with an average length of 932.03 base pairs, including 1,227 clusters and 110,665 singletons. Assembled sequences were annotated with gene descriptions, gene ontology, clusters of orthologous group terms, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and the plant transcription factor database. From these annotations, 131 flowering-associated unigenes, 61 CONSTANS-LIKE (COL unigenes and 90 floral homeotic genes were identified. In addition, four digital gene expression libraries were constructed for the sepal, petal, labellum and gynostemium, and 1,058 genes corresponding to individual floral organ development were identified. Among them, eight MADS-box genes were further investigated by full-length cDNA sequence analysis and expression validation, which revealed two APETALA1/AGL9-like MADS-box genes preferentially expressed in the sepal and petal, two AGAMOUS-like genes particularly restricted to the gynostemium, and four DEF-like genes distinctively expressed in different floral organs. The spatial expression of these genes varied distinctly in different floral mutant corresponding to different floral morphogenesis, which validated the specialized roles of them in floral patterning and further supported the effectiveness of our in silico analysis. This dataset generated in our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms

Clínica do cuidado de enfermagem na terapia intensiva: aliança entre técnica, tecnologia e humanização

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Rafael Celestino da Silva

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Pesquisa de campo, qualitativa, cujo objetivo foi caracterizar a clínica do cuidado de enfermagem específica da terapia intensiva. Para isso forma realizadas observação e entrevista com 21 enfermeiros de uma unidade de terapia intensiva. Os resultados evidenciaram oito características desta clínica, que abarcam tanto a subjetividade quanto a objetividade, traduzidas em: interação, diálogo, princípios humanísticos, vigilância, conhecimento e domínio do maquinário. Em razão dessa clínica, a subjetividade nem sempre expressa-se de modo claro e a objetividade exige capacitação dos enfermeiros para cuidar na terapia intensiva. Conclui-se que a clínica do cuidado de enfermagem na terapia intensiva alia técnica, tecnologia e humanização, que fundamentam os cuidados de enfermagem que lá se realizam.

Direct and indirect effects of land use on floral resources and flower-visiting insects across an urban landscape

Science.gov (United States)

Matteson, K.C.; Grace, James B.; Minor, E.S.

2013-01-01

Although urban areas are often considered to have uniformly negative effects on biodiversity, cities are most accurately characterized as heterogeneous mosaics of buildings, streets, parks, and gardens that include both ‘good’ and ‘bad’ areas for wildlife. However, to date, few studies have evaluated how human impacts vary in direction and magnitude across a heterogeneous urban landscape. In this study, we assessed the distribution of floral resources and flower-visiting insects across a variety of land uses in New York City. We visited both green spaces (e.g. parks, cemeteries) and heavily developed neighborhood blocks (e.g. with high or low density residential zoning) and used structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of median income, vegetation, and development intensity on floral resources and insects in both settings. Abundance and taxonomic richness of flower-visiting insects was significantly greater in green spaces than neighborhood blocks. The SEM results indicated that heavily-developed neighborhoods generally had fewer flower-visiting insects consistent with reductions in floral resources. However, some low-density residential neighborhoods maintained high levels of floral resources and flower-visiting insects. We found that the effects of surrounding vegetation on floral resources, and thus indirect effects on insects, varied considerably between green spaces and neighborhood blocks. Along neighborhood blocks, vegetation consisted of a mosaic of open gardens and sparsely distributed trees and had a positive indirect effect on flower-visiting insects. In contrast, vegetation in urban green spaces was associated with increased canopy cover and thus had a negative indirect effect on flower-visiting insects through reductions in floral resources. In both neighborhood blocks and green spaces, vegetation had a positive direct effect on flower-visiting insects independent of the influence of vegetation on floral

Terapia através da dança com laringectomizados: relato de experiência Terapia a través de la danza con laringectomizados: relato de experiencia Therapy through dance with laringectomized patients: the description of an experience

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Ana Carla Peto

2000-12-01

Full Text Available O presente relato descreve o primeiro encontro do laringectomizado com a Dança no Grupo de Apoio a Pessoa - Ostomizada ¾ Laringectomizados. Este estudo tem o objetivo de fornecer subsídios sobre a importância terapêutica e educativa da dança. A técnica utilizada foi uma dinâmica de grupo em roda com participação de vinte pacientes. A música e os movimentos corporais foram os recursos empregados para desenvolvermos a Terapia Através da Dança. Os resultados evidenciaram bom envolvimento dos pacientes na dinâmica através das linguagens verbal e não verbal e diminuição do estresse.El presente relato describe el primer contacto del laringectomizado con la danza en el Grupo de Apoyo a la Persona ¾ Ostomizada ¾ Laringectomizado. Este estudio tiene el objetivo de ofrecer información sobre la importancia terapéutica y educativa de la danza. La técnica utilizada fue una dinámica de grupo con participación de veinte pacientes. La música y los movimientos corporales fueron los recursos usados para desenvolver la Terapia a través de la Danza. Los resultados mostraron buena participación de los pacientes en la dinámica a través del lenguaje verbal y no verbal , percibiéndose disminución del estrés.This study describes the first contact of laringectomized people with dance in the Group of Support to Ostomized-Laringectomized Patients. This study aimed at searching for elements about the therapeutic and educative importance of dance to them. The technique utilized was group dynamics with the participation of twenty patients. Music and body movements were resources employed for the development of therapy through dance. Results showed a good involvement of the patients in the dynamics though verbal and non- verbal language as well as a decrease in stress.

Factores que Favorecen y se Interponen en el Establecimiento de la Alianza Terapéutica en Terapia de Familia y Pareja

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CAMILA BERMÚDEZ

2013-01-01

Full Text Available La alianza terapéutica (AT es uno de los factores comunes que ha recibido mayor soporte empírico en relación con el resultado terapéutico. En terapia de familia y pareja resulta más complejo desarrollar la AT que en la individual. Mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a consultantes y terapeutas, se exploraron los factores que ellos relacionaban con el desarrollo de la AT. El análisis de contenido mostró que la participación voluntaria y comprometida de los consultantes, el asumir responsabilidad por el problema, el confiar en la terapia, el desear cambiar y la congruencia entre intervención y expectativas hacia la terapia, entre otros factores, favorecen la AT.

Transtorno de estresse pós-traumático em pacientes de unidade de terapia intensiva

OpenAIRE

Caiuby,Andrea Vannini Santesso; Andreoli,Paola Bruno de Araújo; Andreoli,Sergio Baxter

2010-01-01

O transtorno de estresse pós-traumático tem sido descrito em pacientes após tratamento em unidade de terapia intensiva. O objetivo foi revisar estudos sobre os aspectos psicológicos e as intervenções terapêuticas destes pacientes após internação em unidade de terapia intensiva. Trinta e oito artigos foram incluídos. A prevalência de transtorno de estresse pós-traumático variou de 17% a 30% e a incidência de 14% a 24%. Os fatores de risco foram: história prévia de ansiedade, depressão ou pânic...

Tratamiento de un caso de pedofilia desde la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT

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Rafael Jiménez Díaz

2016-09-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se expone un caso clínico de pedofilia en el que la conducta (masturbación con cierto contenido mental tenía consecuencias tanto positivas como negativas para el cliente. Debido a este conflicto, cuando el cliente experimentaba deseos pedófilos, intentaba controlarlos o evitarlos, empeorando paradójicamente el problema debido a las consecuencias negativas adicionales que el acto de control llevaba consigo, como mostrará el análisis funcional. Como tratamiento se aplicó la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT con el objetivo de que el cliente saliera del círculo vicioso de lucha y rendición respecto a la conducta pedófila mediante la aceptación de sus eventos privados, ya que esta aceptación está al servicio de acciones valiosas. Por último, se propone que la ACT muestra potencial en el tratamiento de este tipo de problemas, ya que, en el caso tratado, produce una disminución del sufrimiento subjetivo experimentado por el cliente y la realización de conductas encaminadas a sus propios valores personales.

Drought and increased CO2 alter floral visual and olfactory traits with context-dependent effects on pollinator visitation

Science.gov (United States)

William R. Glenny; Justin B. Runyon; Laura A. Burkle

2018-01-01

Climate change can alter species interactions essential for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem function, such as pollination. Understanding the interactive effects of multiple abiotic conditions on floral traits and pollinator visitation are important to anticipate the implications of climate change on pollinator services. Floral visual and olfactory traits were...

Caffeine in floral nectar enhances a pollinator’s memory of reward

Science.gov (United States)

Wright, G. A.; Baker, D. D.; Palmer, M. J.; Stabler, D.; Mustard, J. A.; Power, E. F.; Borland, A. M.; Stevenson, P. C.

2015-01-01

Plant defence compounds occur in floral nectar, but their ecological role is not well-understood. We provide the first evidence that plant compounds pharmacologically alter pollinator behaviour by enhancing their memory of reward. Honeybees rewarded with caffeine, which occurs naturally in nectar of Coffea and Citrus species, were three times more likely to remember a learned floral scent than those rewarded with sucrose alone. Caffeine potentiated responses of mushroom body neurons involved in olfactory learning and memory by acting as an adenosine receptor antagonist. Caffeine concentrations in nectar never exceeded the bees’ bitter taste threshold, implying that pollinators impose selection for nectar that is pharmacologically active but not repellent. By using a drug to enhance memories of reward, plants secure pollinator fidelity and improve reproductive success. PMID:23471406

Fiebre de origen desconocido, una forma de presentarse la tuberculosis

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Lázaro Arturo Vidal Tallet

2012-12-01

Full Text Available La tuberculosis es una causa importante de fiebre de origen desconocido. Dentro de los factores de riesgo para estar infectado por el bacilo tuberculoso se encuentra la edad, la presencia de comorbilidades, la competencia inmunológica y la alta prevalencia de la enfermedad en el área geográfica. Los hallazgos clínicos, radiológicos, epidemiológicos y la respuesta a la terapéutica antimicrobiana, pueden orientar en el diagnóstico de esta enfermedad infecciosa. Se presenta un caso en el que los elementos clínicos y epidemiológicos (padre con diagnóstico de tuberculosis llevaron finalmente a la sospecha diagnóstica de tuberculosis extra pulmonar, que no pudo ser demostrada por cultivo, pero la respuesta terapéutica resultó concluyente, ya que, una vez iniciada esta, hubo total remisión del cuadro clínico y recuperación nutricional. La terapia antituberculosa con carácter terapéutico y diagnóstico debe ser considerada en todo paciente con fiebre de origen desconocido, que, además, presente elementos clínicos y epidemiológicos que justifiquen la posibilidad de infección por el bacilo.

Produção acadêmica em Gestalt-terapia no Brasil: análise de mestrados e doutorados

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Adriano Furtado Holanda

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um panorama preliminar da produção acadêmica realizada sob a ótica da Gestalt-terapia e da abordagem gestáltica, no âmbito dos programas de pós-graduação (mestrado e doutorado, realizados em instituições de formação e pesquisa do Brasil. Trata-se de um projeto que visa a catalogar toda a produção referente à Gestalt-terapia e à abordagem gestáltica. Nesta primeira etapa, foram catalogadas e analisadas 35 dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado, defendidas no Brasil, entre 1982 e 2002. Foi realizada uma análise qualitativa dos resumos dessas produções, procurando-se observar os direcionamentos desses trabalhos com a abordagem de três “eixos temáticos”, definidos como “fundamentos”, “teoria” e “técnica”. Observou-se uma ênfase em trabalhos com temática epistemológica, principalmente em produções mais recentes, demonstrando uma preocupação dos profissionais com a fundamentação da Gestalt-terapia. Aliado a isso, observa-se, ainda, uma diversificação nas temáticas desenvolvidas, demonstrando uma ampliação dos eixos de ação da Gestalt-terapia para além do campo clínico.

Trasplante de médula ósea: abordaje de la Terapia Ocupacional = Transplant of bony marrow : boarding th Occupational Theapy

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Alahmar Bianchin, M

2007-09-01

Full Text Available ResumenEl trasplante de médula ósea (TMO es una modalidad terapéutica que se utiliza en una variedad de enfermedades oncológicas y hematológicas, con el objetivo de prolongar la remisión completa o la cura de la enfermedad. La unidad de TMO del Hospital de Base de San José Del Río Preto - San Pablo, Brasil, cuenta con un equipo formado por doctores, enfermeros, terapeuta ocupacional, psicólogo, nutricionista y asistente social. El estudio presente tiene por objetivo describir la importancia de la intervención de la Terapia Ocupacional a través del uso de actividades en la fase de aislamiento que conlleva el TMO, proporcionando así, una mejor aceptación y adaptación en relación al tratamiento SummaryBone Marrow Transplant is a therapeutical procedure that has been very used in a variety of oncological illnesses, also in hereditary and acquired hematologica illnesses, whith the objective to draw out illness complete remission or the cure. During the isolation of bone marrow transplant unit, many are the psycopathological reartions that patients can present in treatment adaptation period. With the intention of assisting the customer during this phase, the occupational therapy aims at this context, to supply a quality treatment, through activities with objective to raise they self- esteern, to diminish the ideness, to reduce stress it among othres generated for the illness. Therefore when carrying though much activities the costumer will be able to live since a simple satisfaction moment lentil one better acceptance and treatment adaptation.

Variation in highbush blueberry floral volatile profiles as a function of pollination status, cultivar, time of day and flower part: implications for flower visitation by bees

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Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar; Parra, Leonardo; Quiroz, Andrés; Isaacs, Rufus

2011-01-01

Background and Aims Studies of the effects of pollination on floral scent and bee visitation remain rare, particularly in agricultural crops. To fill this gap, the hypothesis that bee visitation to flowers decreases after pollination through reduced floral volatile emissions in highbush blueberries, Vaccinium corymbosum, was tested. Other sources of variation in floral emissions and the role of floral volatiles in bee attraction were also examined. Methods Pollinator visitation to blueberry flowers was manipulated by bagging all flowers within a bush (pollinator excluded) or leaving them unbagged (open pollinated), and then the effect on floral volatile emissions and future bee visitation were measured. Floral volatiles were also measured from different blueberry cultivars, times of the day and flower parts, and a study was conducted to test the attraction of bees to floral volatiles. Key Results Open-pollinated blueberry flowers had 32 % lower volatile emissions than pollinator-excluded flowers. In particular, cinnamyl alcohol, a major component of the floral blend that is emitted exclusively from petals, was emitted in lower quantities from open-pollinated flowers. Although, no differences in cinnamyl alcohol emissions were detected among three blueberry cultivars or at different times of day, some components of the blueberry floral blend were emitted in higher amounts from certain cultivars and at mid-day. Field observations showed that more bees visited bushes with pollinator-excluded flowers. Also, more honey bees were caught in traps baited with a synthetic blueberry floral blend than in unbaited traps. Conclusions Greater volatile emissions may help guide bees to unpollinated flowers, and thus increase plant fitness and bee energetic return when foraging in blueberries. Furthermore, the variation in volatile emissions from blueberry flowers depending on pollination status, plant cultivar and time of day suggests an adaptive role of floral signals in

Variation in highbush blueberry floral volatile profiles as a function of pollination status, cultivar, time of day and flower part: implications for flower visitation by bees.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar; Parra, Leonardo; Quiroz, Andrés; Isaacs, Rufus

2011-06-01

Studies of the effects of pollination on floral scent and bee visitation remain rare, particularly in agricultural crops. To fill this gap, the hypothesis that bee visitation to flowers decreases after pollination through reduced floral volatile emissions in highbush blueberries, Vaccinium corymbosum, was tested. Other sources of variation in floral emissions and the role of floral volatiles in bee attraction were also examined. Pollinator visitation to blueberry flowers was manipulated by bagging all flowers within a bush (pollinator excluded) or leaving them unbagged (open pollinated), and then the effect on floral volatile emissions and future bee visitation were measured. Floral volatiles were also measured from different blueberry cultivars, times of the day and flower parts, and a study was conducted to test the attraction of bees to floral volatiles. Open-pollinated blueberry flowers had 32 % lower volatile emissions than pollinator-excluded flowers. In particular, cinnamyl alcohol, a major component of the floral blend that is emitted exclusively from petals, was emitted in lower quantities from open-pollinated flowers. Although, no differences in cinnamyl alcohol emissions were detected among three blueberry cultivars or at different times of day, some components of the blueberry floral blend were emitted in higher amounts from certain cultivars and at mid-day. Field observations showed that more bees visited bushes with pollinator-excluded flowers. Also, more honey bees were caught in traps baited with a synthetic blueberry floral blend than in unbaited traps. Greater volatile emissions may help guide bees to unpollinated flowers, and thus increase plant fitness and bee energetic return when foraging in blueberries. Furthermore, the variation in volatile emissions from blueberry flowers depending on pollination status, plant cultivar and time of day suggests an adaptive role of floral signals in increasing pollination of flowers.

Research on floral timing by ambient temperature comes into blossom

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Verhage, D.S.L.; Angenent, G.C.; Immink, R.G.H.

2014-01-01

The floral transition is an essential process in the life cycle of flower-bearing plants, because their reproductive success depends on it. To determine the right moment of flowering, plants respond to many environmental signals, including day length, light quality, and temperature. Small changes in

High floral bud abscission and lack of open flower abscission in Dendrobium cv. Miss Teen: rapid reduction of ethylene sensitivity in the abscission zone

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bunya-atichart, K.; Ketsa, S.; Doorn, van W.G.

2006-01-01

We studied the abscission of floral buds and open flowers in cut Dendrobium inflorescences. Abscission of floral buds was high and sensitive to ethylene in all cultivars studied. Many open flowers abscised in most cultivars, but cv. Willie exhibited only small amount of floral fall and cv. Miss Teen

Pollinarium morphology and floral rewards in Brazilian Maxillariinae (Orchidaceae).

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Singer, Rodrigo B; Koehler, Samantha

2004-01-01

There is strong support for the monophyly of the orchid subtribe Maxillariinae s.l., yet generic boundaries within it are unsatisfactory and need re-evaluation. In an effort to assemble sets of morphological characters to distinguish major clades within this subtribe, the pollinarium morphology and floral rewards of representative Brazilian species of this subtribe were studied. The study was based on fresh material from 60 species and seven genera obtained from cultivated specimens. Variation of pollinarium structure and floral rewards was assessed using a stereomicroscope and by SEM analysis. Four morphological types of pollinaria are described. Type 1 appears to be the most widespread and is characterized by a well-developed tegula. Type 2 lacks a stipe and the pollinia are attached directly to the viscidium. Type 3 also lacks a stipe, and the viscidium is rigid and dark. In Type 4, the stipe consists of the whole median rostelar portion and, so far, is known only from Maxillaria uncata. Nectar, trichomes, wax-like and resin-like secretions are described as flower rewards for different groups of species within the genus Maxillaria. Data on the biomechanics and pollination biology are also discussed and illustrated. In Maxillariinae flowers with arcuate viscidia, the pollinaria are deposited on the scuttellum of their Hymenopteran pollinators. In contrast, some flowers with rounded to rectangular, pad-like viscidia fix their pollinaria on the face of their pollinators. Pollinarium morphology and floral features related to pollination in Brazilian Maxillariinae are more diverse than previously suggested. It is hoped that the data presented herein, together with other data sources such as vegetative traits and molecular tools, will be helpful in redefining and diagnosing clades within the subtribe Maxillariinae.

Utilidad clínica de la terapia metacognitiva en pacientes con trastorno obsesivo compulsivo: un diseño de caso único con replicación directa Clinical utility of metacognitive therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder patients: a single case design with direct replication

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Ricardo Rodríguez Biglieri

2006-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta los resultados preliminares de una investigación tendiente a evaluar la utilidad clínica de dos vertientes de terapia cognitiva en pacientes con Trastorno obsesivo compulsivo (TOC. Una terapia metacognitiva fue aplicada a dos pacientes con TOC en comorbilidad con Trastorno Depresivo Mayor (TDM. Se utilizó un diseño de caso único (A-B con replicación directa entre sujetos. Los resultados son parciales ya que no se contaba todavía con datos de seguimiento. No obstante, los mismos muestran una mejoría significativa en la sintomatología obsesiva y depresiva tras la aplicación del tratamiento, así como un cambio significativo en las creencias relacionadas con el TOC. Al final del período de tratamiento los pacientes no cumplían criterios diagnósticos para TOC ni TDM; además, habían registrado una mejoría en la calidad de vida relacionada con aspectos emocionales. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas de los resultados y se sugieren nuevas líneas de investigación.The article presents preliminary outcomes from an investigation aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of two kinds of cognitive therapy in Obsesive Compulsive Disorder (OCD patients. Metacognitive therapy was applied to two OCD comorbid with Major Depression (MD patients. A single case design (A-B between subjetst with direct replication was used.The findings are limited since we have not follow-up data yet. Nevertheless, outcomes show a significant improvement in obsessive and depressive sympthomatology after the treatment application, as well as a significant change in OCD related beliefs. At the end point of treatment patients no longer met OCD or MD diagnostic criteria. Besides, patients shows an improvement in emotional related aspects of they quality of life.Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, as well as further investigation lines are suggested.

Sistema de apoio a reablilitação neuromotora: modelo de acompanhamento remoto para a terapia do espelho

OpenAIRE

Rodolfo Dias Correia

2015-01-01

A terapia do espelho, técnica utilizada no tratamento de pacientes em reabilitação neurológica, tem mostrado bons resultados a um custo relativamente baixo. Nessa terapia, um espelho é colocado ao longo do plano sagital mediano do paciente entre os dois membros, superiores ou inferiores, com o intuito de transmitir estímulos visuais para o cérebro para induzir a ilusão dos membros em questão estarem se deslocando de forma síncrona. Considerando a simplicidade, os resultados obtidos e o baixo ...

218. Asistencia circulatoria de larga duración. Experiencia inicial

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J. Otero

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: La asistencia ventricular de larga duración es una terapia segura y efectiva en pacientes con cardiopatías terminales, ya sea como puente a trasplante, recuperación o terapia de destino.

A terapia comunitária em um centro de atenção psicossocial: (desatando pontos relevantes La terapia comunitaria en los centros de atención psicosocial: (desatando nudos relevantes Community therapy at psychosocial care centers: (disconnecting relevant points

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Maria de Oliveira Ferreira Filha

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetiva descrever a implantação da Terapia Comunitária (TC em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS, identificar problemas vivenciados por usuários e familiares e estratégias de enfrentamento, além de analisar a contribuição da Terapia Comunitária para inclusão social do usuário. Consiste num estudo predominantemente qualitativo desenvolvido em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. O material foi produzido em 12 rodas de Terapia tendo sido utilizadas a técnica de entrevista semi-estruturada e as fichas de avaliação da TC. Os resultados evidenciaram como problemas principais: conflitos familiares, insônia e abandono. Várias estratégias de enfrentamento foram mencionadas: apoio familiar, crença religiosa e ajuda profissional. Comprovou-se que a participação dos usuários tem contribuído para a inclusão social destes ao relatarem mudanças de comportamento nos relacionamentos interpessoais. A experiência tem mostrado ótimos resultados, pois o estudo trabalha uma abordagem que contempla aspectos sociais ainda negligenciados.Este estudio tiene por objetivo describir la implantación de la Terapia Comunitaria (TC en un Centro de Atención Psico-social (CAPS, identificar problemas vivenciados por los usuarios y sus familiares y las estrategias de enfrentamiento, además de analizar la contribución de la Terapia Comunitaria para la inclusión social del usuario. Es un estudio predominantemente cualitativo desarrollado en un Centro de Atención Psico-social. El material fue elaborado a partir de la realización de 12 ruedas de Terapia, y se utilizaron la técnica de entrevista semi-estructurada y las fichas de evaluación de la Terapia Comunitaria. Los resultados evidenciaron problemas como: conflictos familiares, insomnio y abandono. Se mencionaron varias estrategias de enfrentamiento: apoyo familiar, fe religiosa, ayuda profesional. Se comprobó que la participación de los usuarios contribuyó para la inclusi

The early inflorescence of Arabidopsis thaliana demonstrates positional effects in floral organ growth and meristem patterning.

Science.gov (United States)

Plackett, Andrew R G; Powers, Stephen J; Phillips, Andy L; Wilson, Zoe A; Hedden, Peter; Thomas, Stephen G

2018-06-01

Linear modelling approaches detected significant gradients in organ growth and patterning across early flowers of the Arabidopsis inflorescence and uncovered evidence of new roles for gibberellin in floral development. Most flowering plants, including the genetic model Arabidopsis thaliana, produce multiple flowers in sequence from a reproductive shoot apex to form a flower spike (inflorescence). The development of individual flowers on an Arabidopsis inflorescence has typically been considered as highly stereotypical and uniform, but this assumption is contradicted by the existence of mutants with phenotypes visible in early flowers only. This phenomenon is demonstrated by mutants partially impaired in the biosynthesis of the phytohormone gibberellin (GA), in which floral organ growth is retarded in the first flowers to be produced but has recovered spontaneously by the 10th flower. We presently lack systematic data from multiple flowers across the Arabidopsis inflorescence to explain such changes. Using mutants of the GA 20-OXIDASE (GA20ox) GA biosynthesis gene family to manipulate endogenous GA levels, we investigated the dynamics of changing floral organ growth across the early Arabidopsis inflorescence (flowers 1-10). Modelling of floral organ lengths identified a significant, GA-independent gradient of increasing stamen length relative to the pistil in the wild-type inflorescence that was separable from other, GA-dependent effects. It was also found that the first flowers exhibited unstable organ patterning in contrast to later flowers and that this instability was prolonged by exogenous GA treatment. These findings indicate that the development of individual flowers is influenced by hitherto unknown factors acting across the inflorescence and also suggest novel functions for GA in floral patterning.

Floral resources and habitat affect the composition of hummingbirds at the local scale in tropical mountaintops

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LC Rodrigues

Full Text Available Hummingbird communities tend to respond to variation in resources, having a positive relationship between abundance and diversity of food resources and the abundance and/or diversity of hummingbirds. Here we examined the influence of floral resource availability, as well as seasonality and type of habitat on the composition of hummingbird species. The study was carried out in two habitats of eastern Brazilian mountaintops. A gradient representative of the structure of hummingbird community, based on species composition, was obtained by the ordination of samples using the method of non-metric multidimensional scaling. The composition of hummingbird species was influenced by the type of habitat and floral resource availability, but not by seasonality. Hummingbird communities differ between habitats mainly due to the relative abundance of hummingbird species. The variation in composition of hummingbird species with the variation in floral resource availability may be related to differences in feeding habits of hummingbirds. Hummingbird species with the longest bills visited higher proportions of ornithophilous species, while hummingbirds with shorter bills visited higher proportions of non-ornithophilous species. The results demonstrate that at local-scale the composition of hummingbird species is affected by the type of habitat and floral resources availability, but not by seasonality.

Floral resources and habitat affect the composition of hummingbirds at the local scale in tropical mountaintops.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodrigues, L C; Rodrigues, M

2015-01-01

Hummingbird communities tend to respond to variation in resources, having a positive relationship between abundance and diversity of food resources and the abundance and/or diversity of hummingbirds. Here we examined the influence of floral resource availability, as well as seasonality and type of habitat on the composition of hummingbird species. The study was carried out in two habitats of eastern Brazilian mountaintops. A gradient representative of the structure of hummingbird community, based on species composition, was obtained by the ordination of samples using the method of non-metric multidimensional scaling. The composition of hummingbird species was influenced by the type of habitat and floral resource availability, but not by seasonality. Hummingbird communities differ between habitats mainly due to the relative abundance of hummingbird species. The variation in composition of hummingbird species with the variation in floral resource availability may be related to differences in feeding habits of hummingbirds. Hummingbird species with the longest bills visited higher proportions of ornithophilous species, while hummingbirds with shorter bills visited higher proportions of non-ornithophilous species. The results demonstrate that at local-scale the composition of hummingbird species is affected by the type of habitat and floral resources availability, but not by seasonality.

Imagens de ultrasonografia de língua pré e pós terapia de fala

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Roberta Michelon Melo

2016-02-01

Full Text Available RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a imagem de ultrassonografia do movimento de língua durante a produção de oclusivas alveolares e velares, pré e pós-terapia de fala. Um menino com cinco anos de idade e diagnóstico de desvio fonológico, apresentando o processo de anteriorização de oclusivas velares, participou da presente pesquisa. Foram coletados os dados articulatórios (imagem de ultrassom do movimento de língua e perceptivo auditivo dos fones [t], [d], [k] e [g], antes e após 25 sessões de terapia. Quanto aos resultados obtidos no momento pré-terapia, aparentemente, foi detectada uma indiferenciação gestual ao serem observadas as três repetições da curva de língua das oclusivas velares, sugerindo a presença de uma dependência entre os articuladores de ponta e corpo de língua. No momento pós-terapia, uma mudança na configuração do gesto de língua de [k] e [g] foi verificada. As curvas passaram a apresentar uma posteriorização do movimento de língua, sincronicamente com uma elevação do seu corpo, concordando com o padrão adulto. Dessa forma, os achados de ultrassonografia foram capazes de evidenciar uma possível superação da estratégia de anteriorização de oclusivas velares, detectada em análise perceptiva auditiva inicial. Além disso, estes resultados pareceram reforçar a ideia de contrastes encobertos na fala de crianças com desvio fonológico.

Effect of floral display on reproductive success in terrestrial orchids

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kindlmann, Pavel; Jersáková, Jana

2006-01-01

Roč. 41, - (2006), s. 47-60 ISSN 0015-5551 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR(CZ) KJB6141302; GA ČR(CZ) GA206/00/1124 Keywords : deceptivity * floral display * orchid * reproductive success * reward Subject RIV: EF - Botanics Impact factor: 1.033, year: 2005

Floral biology and the effects of plant-pollinator interaction on ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Reproductive biology and patterns of plant-pollinator interaction are fundamental to gene flow, diversity and evolutionary success of plants. Consequently, we examined the magnitude of insect-plant interaction based on the dynamics of breeding systems and floral biology and their effects on pollination intensity, fruit and ...

La Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT en el consumo de sustancias como estrategia de Evitación Experiencial

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Carmen Luciano

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Numerosos estudios han corroborado que la regulación de los eventos privados focalizada en la evitación experiencial juega un papel fundamental, tanto en el desarrollo de las adicciones como en su mantenimiento, llegando a producir el patrón destructivo que caracteriza a las personas ancladas en el consumo desajustado de sustancias. Las contingencias a la base del comportamiento adictivo constituyen el Trastorno de Evitación Experiencial (TEE que implica una estrategia inflexible, formada por un conjunto de acciones dirigidas al escape y la evitación de malestar, y sustentada por la coherencia ¿establecida socialmente- que supone la necesidad de regular el malestar de modo inmediato. La Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT está diseñada para el abordaje de la Evitación Experiencial Destructiva (el TEE. En el contexto del comportamiento adictivo, la ACT ha mostrado ser eficaz en el desarrollo de una vida consistente con los valores personales cuyo coste principal supone afrontar el malestar que se deriva de la abstinencia y otras sensaciones, pensamientos y recuerdos que pudieran ser dolorosos. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo la exposición ejemplificada de los componentes fundamentales de ACT en el caso de personas con problemas de adicciones a diferentes sustancias.

Gerenciamento de tecnologia em terapia intensiva Gerenciamiento de tecnología en terapia intensiva Management of technology in Intensive Care Units

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Cátia Romano Madureira

2000-12-01

Full Text Available A vida do paciente no hospital depende dos procedimentos diagnóstico-terapêuticos e cuidado da equipe de saúde, além da qualidade e disponibilidade de fatores como: estrutura física, recursos materiais, humanos e financeiros. A necessidade de otimizar estes recursos e restaurar a saúde, fez surgir as Unidades de Terapia Intensivas (UTI's, cujo projeto deve considerar o ambiente físico e equipamentos clínicos indispensáveis ao cuidar. Objetivando identificar o nível de conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde sobre as informações técnico-operacionais contidas nos manuais dos equipamentos e a percepção dos entrevistados quanto a adequação das instalações físicas e elétricas destas unidades, realizamos um estudo descritivo numa UTI de um hospital público de Salvador. Os resultados mostraram que estas instalações foram consideradas inadequadas ao desempenho seguro de suas atividades, e que a maioria desconhece as especificações técnico-operacionais dos manuais dos equipamentos.La vida del enfermo en el hospital depende de los procedimientos diagnóstico- terapéuticos y del esmero del equipo de salud, además de la calidad y disponibilidad de factores como: organismo físico, recursos materiales, humanos y financieros. La necesidad de mejorar estos recursos y restaurar la salud, hizo surgir las Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTIS cuyo proyecto debe considerar el ambiente físico y los equipos clínicos indispensables para el cuidado. Con el objeto de identificar los conocimientos de los profesionales de salud sobre las informaciones técnico-operacionales existentes en los manuales de los equipos y la percepción de los entrevistados en relación con la adecuación de las instalaciones físicas y eléctricas (de estas unidades, hicimos un análisis en una UTI de un hospital general de Salvador. Los resultados mostraron que estas unidades son inseguras para las actividades y que la mayor parte de las personas desconoce las

Insect-flower interaction network structure is resilient to a temporary pulse of floral resources from invasive Rhododendron ponticum.

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Erin Jo Tiedeken

Full Text Available Invasive alien plants can compete with native plants for resources, and may ultimately decrease native plant diversity and/or abundance in invaded sites. This could have consequences for native mutualistic interactions, such as pollination. Although invasive plants often become highly connected in plant-pollinator interaction networks, in temperate climates they usually only flower for part of the season. Unless sufficient alternative plants flower outside this period, whole-season floral resources may be reduced by invasion. We hypothesized that the cessation of flowering of a dominant invasive plant would lead to dramatic, seasonal compositional changes in plant-pollinator communities, and subsequent changes in network structure. We investigated variation in floral resources, flower-visiting insect communities, and interaction networks during and after the flowering of invasive Rhododendron ponticum in four invaded Irish woodland sites. Floral resources decreased significantly after R. ponticum flowering, but the magnitude of the decrease varied among sites. Neither insect abundance nor richness varied between the two periods (during and after R. ponticum flowering, yet insect community composition was distinct, mostly due to a significant reduction in Bombus abundance after flowering. During flowering R. ponticum was frequently visited by Bombus; after flowering, these highly mobile pollinators presumably left to find alternative floral resources. Despite compositional changes, however, network structural properties remained stable after R. ponticum flowering ceased: generality increased, but quantitative connectance, interaction evenness, vulnerability, H'2 and network size did not change. This is likely because after R. ponticum flowering, two to three alternative plant species became prominent in networks and insects increased their diet breadth, as indicated by the increase in network-level generality. We conclude that network structure

Voltammetric sensor for electrochemical determination of the floral origin of honey based on a zinc oxide nanoparticle modified carbon paste electrode

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

K. Tiwari

2018-04-01

Full Text Available A new methodology based on cyclic voltammetry using a chemically modified electrode has been developed for the discrimination of the floral origin of honey. This method involves an electronic tongue with an electrochemical sensor made from a carbon paste (CPs electrode where zinc oxide (ZnO nanoparticles are used as an electroactive binder material. The bare CPs electrode is evaluated for comparison. The electrochemical response of the modified electrode in 50 samples of five different floral types of honey has been analysed by the cyclic voltammetric technique. The voltammograms of each floral variety of honey reflect the redox properties of the ZnO nanoparticles present inside the carbon paste matrix and are strongly influenced by the nectar source of honey. Thus, each type of honey provides a characteristic signal which is evaluated by using principal component analysis (PCA and an artificial neural network (ANN. The result of a PCA score plot of the transient responses obtained from the modified carbon paste electrode clearly shows discrimination among the different floral types of honey. The ANN model for floral classification of honey shows more than 90 % accuracy. These results indicate that the ZnO nanoparticles modified carbon paste (ZnO Nps modified CPs electrode can be a useful electrode for discrimination of honey samples from different floral origins.

Desenvolvimento e implantação de Terapia Assistida por Animais em hospital universitário Desarrollo y aplicación de la Terapia Asistida por Animales en el hospital universitario Development and implementation of Animals-Assisted Therapy in a universitary hospital

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Cassia Tiemi Kobayashi

2009-08-01

Full Text Available O presente relato refere-se à experiência da Diretoria de Enfermagem do Hospital São Paulo da Universidade Federal de São Paulo no desenvolvimento e implantação da Terapia Assistida por Animais, como um de seus projetos de humanização hospitalar: "Projeto Amicão". Objetivando proporcionar aos pacientes uma experiência positiva que difere da rotina do ambiente hospitalar, algumas unidades do Hospital São Paulo receberam a visita de um animal para sessões de Terapia Assistida por Animais. Os resultados alcançados entre pacientes, acompanhantes e profissionais da saúde foram positivos, além de despertar a atenção e o interesse de outras instituições de saúde e da mídia. Ficou, assim, evidenciada a importância de se relatar a experiência do "Projeto Amicão" no ambiente hospitalar.Este informe se refiere a la experiencia de la Junta de Enfermería, Hospital de Sao Paulo (HSP, Universidad Federal de Sao Paulo en el desarrollo y el despliegue de la Terapia Asistida por Animales (TAA, como uno de sus proyectos de humanización del hospital: "Proyecto Amicão". Con la finalidad de ofrecer los pacientes una experiencia positiva que difiere de la rutina del entorno hospitalario, algunas unidades de lo HSP recibió la visita de un animal para los períodos de sesiones de TAA. Los logros entre los pacientes, sus acompañantes y profesionales de la salud fueron positivos, y despertó la atención y el interés de otras instituciones de salud y de los medios de comunicación. Es así de relieve la importancia de comunicar la experiencia del "Proyecto Amicão" en el hospital.This report refers to the experience of the Board of Nursing of Hospital São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, in the development and implantation of Animal-Assisted Therapy, as one of its projects humanization of hospital: "Projeto Amicão". Aiming to offer patients a positive experience that differs from the routine of the hospital environment, some units of the

La Terapia Familiar en el tratamiento de las adicciones

OpenAIRE

Marcos Sierra, Juan Antonio; Garrido Fernández, Miguel

2009-01-01

En este trabajo se presenta un breve recorrido histórico sobre el papel de la terapia familiar en el tratamiento de las adicciones. Siguiendo la propuesta de Rolland y Walsh (1996) se analizan con detenimiento los modelos centrados en la resolución de problemas y los modelos intergeneracionales. El objetivo básico del artículo es mostrar las aportaciones de las diferentes perspectivas y contribuir a enfoques más integradores en el tratamiento familiar de las adicciones. En esta...

Hipercolesterolemia familiar heterocigota en manejo con anti–PCSK9

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Mauricio Duque

2017-09-01

Conclusiones: la hipercolesterolemia familiar es una enfermedad que ocasiona graves consecuencias cardiovasculares. Los inhibidores del PCSK9 se han convertido en una alternativa prometedora para aquellos que no responden a las terapias convencionales. Se requieren estudios que corroboren o contradigan los beneficios y eventos adversos encontrados hasta el momento en que los pacientes se someten a estas nuevas terapias para así ofrecer un tratamiento ideal y oportuno.

Selection by pollinators on floral traits in generalized Trollius ranunculoides (Ranunculaceae along altitudinal gradients.

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Zhi-Gang Zhao

Full Text Available Abundance and visitation of pollinator assemblages tend to decrease with altitude, leading to an increase in pollen limitation. Thus increased competition for pollinators may generate stronger selection on attractive traits of flowers at high elevations and cause floral adaptive evolution. Few studies have related geographically variable selection from pollinators and intraspecific floral differentiation. We investigated the variation of Trollius ranunculoides flowers and its pollinators along an altitudinal gradient on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and measured phenotypic selection by pollinators on floral traits across populations. The results showed significant decline of visitation rate of bees along altitudinal gradients, while flies was unchanged. When fitness is estimated by the visitation rate rather than the seed number per plant, phenotypic selection on the sepal length and width shows a significant correlation between the selection strength and the altitude, with stronger selection at higher altitudes. However, significant decreases in the sepal length and width of T. ranunculoides along the altitudinal gradient did not correspond to stronger selection of pollinators. In contrast to the pollinator visitation, mean annual precipitation negatively affected the sepal length and width, and contributed more to geographical variation in measured floral traits than the visitation rate of pollinators. Therefore, the sepal size may have been influenced by conflicting selection pressures from biotic and abiotic selective agents. This study supports the hypothesis that lower pollinator availability at high altitude can intensify selection on flower attractive traits, but abiotic selection is preventing a response to selection from pollinators.

Terapias somáticas para transtornos psiquiátricos resistentes ao tratamento Somatic therapies for treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders

OpenAIRE

Raphael J Braga; Georgios Petrides

2007-01-01

OBJETIVO: O presente artigo é uma revisão do conhecimento atual relativo às terapias somáticas em psiquiatria, com foco em transtornos psiquiátricos resistentes ao tratamento usual. MÉTODO: Foi realizada uma pesquisa computadorizada da literatura no Medline utilizando as palavras "eletroconvulsoterapia", "estimulação magnética transcraniana", "terapia magnética convulsiva", "estimulação do nervo vago" e "estimulação cerebral profunda", com todos os termos traduzidos para o idioma inglês. Refe...

Costo-beneficio en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales

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Rafael Amador Morán

2011-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. El Sistema Nacional de Salud de Cuba ha desarrollado un conjunto de reformas encaminadas a lograr una mayor eficiencia en la prestación de servicios, para preservar logros como la efectividad y la accesibilidad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los costos en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal del Hospital Ginecoobstétrico de Guanabacoa en el período de un año. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo del período de enero a diciembre del 2009. La muestra quedo constituida por 65 recién nacidos graves y críticos. Las variables independientes estudiadas fueron: antibióticos, inmunomoduladores, fármacos vasoactivos, soluciones para hidratación, yodo, peróxido de hidrógeno, vitaminas y minerales, oxígeno, material desechable, material de oficina y medios diagnósticos. La información recogida se introdujo en una base de datos, y se procesó con el programa Epidat 3.0. RESULTADOS. Existió un costo total de 70 605,83 CU, que representó unos 2 824,23 CUC, con costo total por paciente de 74,32 CUC. El mayor gasto correspondió al uso de materiales desechables, las soluciones para hidratación y los antibióticos.

El legado psicoanalítico en la terapia cognitiva de Aaron Beck

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Guido Pablo Korman

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El psicoanálisis en el que Beck se formó tenía como objetivo incluir al psicoanálisis dentro del modelo científico. Esto era consistente con los intereses de un gran número de investigadores clínicos en los Estados Unidos durante las décadas de 1950 y 1960. Este trayecto intelectual lo llevará, años después, a desarrollar la terapia cognitiva. En este trabajo nos enfocaremos en el entrenamiento psicoanalítico de Beck así como en las primeras publicaciones de éste como especialista en psiquiatría durante su práctica hospitalaria en la Clínica de Austen Riggs y en el Hospital Valley Forge Army. Analizaremos sus primeras hipótesis, intentando rastrear los indicios de su modo de actuar como psicoanalista. Esta misma formación posteriormente lo llevará a un replanteo del modelo psicoanalítico, hecho que será clave para explicar las características que adoptará la terapia cognitiva.

Clinical inertia, how much affects us?

OpenAIRE

Machado Alba, Jorge Enrique

2013-01-01

El concepto de inercia clínica está relacionado con la falla de los médicos en iniciar o intensificar una terapia que está indicada cuando no se han alcanzado las metas establecidas para el tratamiento de una enfermedad, en especial las crónicas como diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial y dislipidemia. Puede presentarse por factores relacionados con el médico tratante (50% de los casos), el paciente (30%) o el mismo sistema de salud (20%) y conlleva la subutilización de una terapia que ...

Case Study: Manual Therapy in Patient of 18 Years with Youthful Scoliosis Idiopathic Summary

OpenAIRE

Franco Monsalve, Claudia Yaneth; Guerra Corena, Zorika María; Otero Samudio, María Patricia

2010-01-01

La escoliosis es una desviación lateral de la columna vertebral desde la línea media, caracterizada por una curvatura lateral y por una rotación vertebral. Generalmente, es de carácter idiopático y se presenta, principalmente, en niñas adolescentes. Existen múltiples técnicas de tratamiento conservador para la escoliosis, entre las cuales se encuentran la terapia manual, que complementa el tratamiento para dicha patología. Esta terapia utiliza menos medios físicos, más manipulación de tejidos...

Drought and leaf herbivory influence floral volatiles and pollinator attraction

Science.gov (United States)

Laura A. Burkle; Justin B. Runyon

2016-01-01

The effects of climate change on species interactions are poorly understood. Investigating the mechanisms by which species interactions may shift under altered environmental conditions will help form a more predictive understanding of such shifts. In particular, components of climate change have the potential to strongly influence floral volatile organic...

USO DA TERAPIA ESPELHO NA AMPLITUDE DE MOVIMENTO E FUNÇÃO DO MEMBRO INFERIOR EM PACIENTES HEMIPARÉTICOS PÓS-AVE

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Livia Danyelle Viana Lima

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O exercício associado a terapia espelho potencializa a retenção de habilidades, melhorando o desempenho de atividades motoras de indivíduos hemiparéticos pós-AVE. Este estudo objetivou a análise do efeito da terapia espelho na amplitude de movimento e funcionalidade do membro inferior. Amostra composta de 11 participantes, com hemiparesia em membro inferior, submetidas a fisioterapia convencional. A intervenção constituiu de 10 atendimentos, 30 minutos diários e três vezes por semana. Para avaliação foram usados: Goniometria; Escala Modificada de Ashworth (EMA; Escala de Força de Oxford; Cadência de Subida e Descida de Escada; Time Up And Go Test. Os dados foram coletados antes e após a intervenção da Terapia Espelho e comparados. Segundo resultados do estudo a Terapia Espelho proporcionou ganhos na ADM e função do membro inferior parético pós-AVE, porém não interferiu na espasticidade. Palavras-chave: Acidente Vascular Encefálico, Hemiparesia, Retroalimentação Visual.

Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva sustentada pela Teoria de Wanda Horta Sistematización de la asistencia de enfermería en una unidad de terapia intensiva basada en la Teoría de Wanda Horta Nursing care systematization at the intensive care unit (ICU based on Wanda Horta's theory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lúcia Nazareth Amante

2009-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo foi implementar a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE, tendo como referencial a Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas de Wanda de Aguiar Horta e o Diagnóstico de Enfermagem da North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA, partindo da avaliação do conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre a SAE e incluindo a sua participação nesse processo. É uma pesquisa-ação de cunho qualitativo, realizada na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um Hospital da cidade de Brusque, Santa Catarina, de outubro de 2006 a março de 2007. Pode-se perceber que os profissionais da enfermagem sabem pouco sobre a SAE, porém possuem grande interesse em aprender e desenvolvê-la em sua prática diária. Conclui-se que foi possível realizar uma sistematização de assistência de fácil aplicação, através da utilização de impressos simples que forneceram todas as informações necessárias para o desenvolvimento qualificado do cuidado de enfermagem.El objetivo fue implementar la Sistematización de la Asistencia de Enfermería (SAE utilizando como marco teórico la Teoría de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas de Wanda de Aguiar Horta y el Diagnóstico de Enfermería de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Asociation (NANDA, partiendo de la evaluación del conocimiento del equipo de enfermería sobre la SAE e incluyendo su participación en ese proceso. Se trata de una investigación de tipo cualitativo, realizada en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva de un Hospital de la ciudad de Brusque, en el estado de Santa Catarina, en los meses de octubre de 2006 a marzo de 2007. Se puede percibir que los profesionales de enfermería saben poco sobre la SAE; sin embargo poseen un gran interés en aprenderla y desarrollarla en su práctica diaria. Se concluye que fue posible realizar una sistematización de la asistencia de fácil aplicación, a través de la utilización de folletos simples que ofrecen todas las informaciones necesarias para el

NGAL urinária em pacientes sem e com lesão renal aguda em unidade de terapia intensiva

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Mirian Watanabe

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia diagnóstica e prognóstica da lipocalina associada à gelatinase neutrofílica urinária em pacientes de unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos: Estudo do tipo coorte, prospectivo, longitudinal desenvolvido em uma unidade de terapia intensiva clínica especializada em cardiologia. Os pacientes foram estratificados segundo os grupos sem e com lesão renal aguda, acompanhados a partir das primeiras 24 horas de internação até a alta hospitalar ou óbito. A creatinina sérica, o fluxo urinário e a lipocalina associada à gelatinase neutrofílica urinária foram coletadas em dois períodos: 24 horas e 48 horas de admissão. Resultados: Foram avaliados 83 pacientes clínicos da unidade de terapia intensiva, com predomínio do gênero masculino (57,8%. Os pacientes foram agrupados em sem lesão renal aguda (N=18, com lesão renal aguda (N=28 ou com lesão renal aguda grave (N=37. Entre os pacientes com lesão renal aguda e lesão renal aguda grave, foram prevalentes os portadores de doenças crônicas, em uso de ventilação mecânica e em terapia de substituição renal, além daqueles com maiores taxas de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva e hospitalar, e maior mortalidade. O grupo com lesão renal aguda não apresentou alteração significativa da creatinina sérica nas primeiras 24 horas na unidade de terapia intensiva, apesar dos níveis elevados de lipocalina associada à gelatinase neutrofilica urinária demonstrados nos grupos com lesão renal aguda e lesão renal aguda grave (p<0,001. Níveis elevados de lipocalina associada à gelatinase neutrofílica urinária na amostra foram associados ao óbito. Conclusão: A elevação nos níveis de lipocalina associada à gelatinase neutrofílica urinária antecede as variações da creatinina sérica em pacientes com lesão renal aguda e pode ser associada ao óbito.

How to be sweet? Extra floral nectar allocation by Gossypium hirsutum fits optimal defense theory predictions

OpenAIRE

Wäckers, F.L.; Bonifay, C.

2004-01-01

Plants employ nectar for two distinct functions. Floral nectar has traditionally been viewed in the context of pollination. Extrafloral nectar on the other hand, can act as an indirect defense, allowing the plant to recruit predators and parasitoids. Whereas this makes for a clear-cut categorization, in reality the functions may not be so discrete. Extrafloral nectar may serve a role in pollination, while floral nectar can be utilized by predators and parasitoids and thus can contribute to pl...

An activated form of UFO alters leaf development and produces ectopic floral and inflorescence meristems.

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Eddy Risseeuw

Full Text Available Plants are unique in their ability to continuously produce new meristems and organ primordia. In Arabidopsis, the transcription factor LEAFY (LFY functions as a master regulator of a gene network that is important for floral meristem and organ specification. UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO is a co-activator of LEAFY and is required for proper activation of APETALA3 in the floral meristem during the specification of stamens and petals. The ufo mutants display defects in other parts of the flower and the inflorescence, suggestive of additional roles. Here we show that the normal determinacy of the developing Arabidopsis leaves is affected by the expression of a gain-of-function UFO fusion protein with the VP16 transcriptional activator domain. In these lines, the rosette and cauline leaf primordia exhibit reiterated serration, and upon flowering produce ectopic meristems that develop into flowers, bract leaves and inflorescences. These striking phenotypes reveal that developing leaves maintain the competency to initiate flower and inflorescence programs. Furthermore, the gain-of-function phenotypes are dependent on LFY and the SEPALLATA (SEP MADS-box transcription factors, indicative of their functional interactions with UFO. The findings of this study also suggest that UFO promotes the establishment of the lateral meristems and primordia in the peripheral zone of the apical and floral meristems by enhancing the activity of LFY. These novel phenotypes along with the mutant phenotypes of UFO orthologs in other plant species suggest a broader function for UFO in plants.

An activated form of UFO alters leaf development and produces ectopic floral and inflorescence meristems.

Science.gov (United States)

Risseeuw, Eddy; Venglat, Prakash; Xiang, Daoquan; Komendant, Kristina; Daskalchuk, Tim; Babic, Vivijan; Crosby, William; Datla, Raju

2013-01-01

Plants are unique in their ability to continuously produce new meristems and organ primordia. In Arabidopsis, the transcription factor LEAFY (LFY) functions as a master regulator of a gene network that is important for floral meristem and organ specification. UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO) is a co-activator of LEAFY and is required for proper activation of APETALA3 in the floral meristem during the specification of stamens and petals. The ufo mutants display defects in other parts of the flower and the inflorescence, suggestive of additional roles. Here we show that the normal determinacy of the developing Arabidopsis leaves is affected by the expression of a gain-of-function UFO fusion protein with the VP16 transcriptional activator domain. In these lines, the rosette and cauline leaf primordia exhibit reiterated serration, and upon flowering produce ectopic meristems that develop into flowers, bract leaves and inflorescences. These striking phenotypes reveal that developing leaves maintain the competency to initiate flower and inflorescence programs. Furthermore, the gain-of-function phenotypes are dependent on LFY and the SEPALLATA (SEP) MADS-box transcription factors, indicative of their functional interactions with UFO. The findings of this study also suggest that UFO promotes the establishment of the lateral meristems and primordia in the peripheral zone of the apical and floral meristems by enhancing the activity of LFY. These novel phenotypes along with the mutant phenotypes of UFO orthologs in other plant species suggest a broader function for UFO in plants.

Arabidopsis BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 and 2 promote floral meristem fate and determinacy in a previously undefined pathway targeting APETALA1 and AGAMOUS-LIKE24.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Mingli; Hu, Tieqiang; McKim, Sarah M; Murmu, Jhadeswar; Haughn, George W; Hepworth, Shelley R

2010-09-01

The transition to flowering is a tightly controlled developmental decision in plants. In Arabidopsis, LEAFY (LFY) and APETALA1 (AP1) are key regulators of this transition and expression of these genes in primordia produced by the inflorescence meristem confers floral fate. Here, we examine the role of architectural regulators BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 (BOP1) and BOP2 in promotion of floral meristem identity. Loss-of-function bop1 bop2 mutants show subtle defects in inflorescence and floral architecture but in combination with lfy or ap1, synergistic defects in floral meristem fate and determinacy are revealed. The most dramatic changes occur in bop1 bop2 ap1-1 triple mutants where flowers are converted into highly branched inflorescence-like shoots. Our data show that BOP1/2 function distinctly from LFY to upregulate AP1 in floral primordia and that all three activities converge to down-regulate flowering-time regulators including AGAMOUS-LIKE24 in stage 2 floral meristems. Subsequently, BOP1/2 promote A-class floral-organ patterning in parallel with LFY and AP1. Genetic and biochemical evidence support the model that BOP1/2 are recruited to the promoter of AP1 through direct interactions with TGA bZIP transcription factors, including PERIANTHIA. These data reveal an important supporting role for BOP1/2 in remodeling shoot architecture during the floral transition. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Nuevos retos en el tratamiento y la investigación del cáncer de mama

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Ana Lluch Hernández

Full Text Available La terapia contra el cáncer ha experimentado importantes avances que se han producido con una celeridad inusitada. El arsenal terapéutico se ha intensificado en eficacia contando con los citostáticos o lo que se conoce comúnmente como "quimioterapia", fármacos de diferentes mecanismos de acción que inducen la apoptosis o muerte celular pero de su escasa especificidad para atacar exclusivamente la célula tumoral, afectando también a células sanas. Recientemente aparecen las nuevas terapias dirigidas contra un objetivo concreto, una proteína o un receptor de membrana ubicada en la célula tumoral,. Las primeras terapias antidiana introducidas fueron anticuerpos monoclonales de administración intravenosa, sin embargo en los últimos años hemos asistido a un verdadero "boom" con el desarrollo de una nueva familia de terapias dirigidas orales, llamadas inhibidores de tirosinquinasa. Estas novedades en apoyo a la cirugía y la oncorradiología con sus avances espectaculares de los últimos años han contribuido de forma muy importante a una mejora del control de la enfermedad o en la calidad de vida de los pacientes.

Terapia trombolítica en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio en Cienfuegos

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Lázaro Abilio Hernández Rodríguez

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: el tratamiento trombolítico practicado a menos de dos horas, tras el inicio del infarto tiene resultados similares a la reperfusión mecánica. Objetivo: describir aspectos relevantes de la terapia trombolítica en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST en Cienfuegos. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, en 225 pacientes egresados (vivos y fallecidos desde el 1o de abril de 2012 al 31 marzo de 2013, de la Unidad de Cuidados Integrales del Corazón y la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Polivalentes, del Hospital Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima. Las variables estudiadas se obtuvieron de la revisión de las historias clínicas e incluyeron: variables demográficas y clínicas, tiempos de demora, sitio, motivo de exclusión y nivel de prioridad para la trombolisis. Resultados: la media de edad superó los 60 años. Predominaron los hombres, hipertensos y de alto riesgo según la escala GRACE. El 29,7 % de los pacientes no recibió terapia trombolítica, debido mayormente al factor tiempo y la mayoría (82,3 % se trató en el Hospital. Las medianas de los tiempos de demora: síntomas-puerta, puerta-droga y síntomas-droga fueron 90, 35 y 140 minutos respectivamente. Conclusiones: la trombolisis extrahospitalaria acorta el tiempo total de isquemia, pero pocos pacientes se beneficiaron de ella. Los retrasos para la terapia trombolítica en Cienfuegos continúan por encima de los estándares requeridos.

Cuidado paliativo e enfermeiros de terapia intensiva: sentimentos que ficam

OpenAIRE

Silveira, Natyele Rippel; Nascimento, Eliane Regina Pereira do; Rosa, Luciana Martins da; Jung, Walnice; Martins, Sabrina Regina; Fontes, Moisés dos Santos

2016-01-01

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer os sentimentos dos enfermeiros acerca dos cuidados paliativos em unidades de terapia intensiva de adultos. Método: estudo qualitativo, cujo referencial teórico adotado foi o das Representações Sociais, realizado com 30 enfermeiros do estado de Santa Catarina incluídos por amostragem Bola de Neve. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas de abril a agosto de 2015, organizados e analisados por meio do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. ...

Evolution of floral symmetry Peter K Endress, Current Opinion in ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

First page Back Continue Last page Graphics. Evolution of floral symmetry Peter K Endress, Current Opinion in Plant Biology 2001, 4:86–91. Polysymmetric (more than one plane of symmetry) to monosymmetric in angiosperm (flowering plants) evolution; the other way in Antirrhinaceae. Left and right handed helicity. Bees ...

Floral function: effects of traits on pollinators, male and female pollination success, and female fitness across three species of milkweeds (Asclepias).

Science.gov (United States)

La Rosa, Raffica J; Conner, Jeffrey K

2017-01-01

Central questions in plant reproductive ecology are whether the functions of floral traits in hermaphrodites create conflict between sexes that could slow evolution, and whether individual floral traits function in pollinator attraction, efficiency, or both. We studied how floral traits affect pollinator visitation and efficiency, and how they affect male and female function and female fitness within and across three Asclepias species that differ in floral morphology. Using separate multiple regressions, we regressed pollen removal, deposition, and fruit number onto six floral traits. We also used path analyses integrating these variables with pollinator visitation data for two of the species to further explore floral function and its effects on fruit production. Most traits affected male pollination success only, and these effects often differed between species. The exception was increased slit length, which increased pollinia insertion in two of the species. There were no interspecific differences in the effects of the traits on female pollination success. All traits except horn reach affected pollination efficiency in at least one species, and horn reach and two hood dimensions were the only traits to affect pollinator attraction, but in just one species. Traits tended to function in only one sex, and more traits affected function through pollinator efficiency than through attraction. There was no significant link between female pollination success and female fitness in any of the three species; this pattern is consistent with fruit production not being limited by pollen deposition. © 2017 Botanical Society of America.

Time-Dependent Trapping of Pollinators Driven by the Alignment of Floral Phenology with Insect Circadian Rhythms

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Jenny Y. Y. Lau

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Several evolutionary lineages in the early divergent angiosperm family Annonaceae possess flowers with a distinctive pollinator trapping mechanism, in which floral phenological events are very precisely timed in relation with pollinator activity patterns. This contrasts with previously described angiosperm pollinator traps, which predominantly function as pitfall traps. We assess the circadian rhythms of pollinators independently of their interactions with flowers, and correlate these data with detailed assessments of floral phenology. We reveal a close temporal alignment between patterns of pollinator activity and the floral phenology driving the trapping mechanism (termed ‘circadian trapping’ here. Non-trapping species with anthesis of standard duration (c. 48 h cannot be pollinated effectively by pollinators with a morning-unimodal activity pattern; non-trapping species with abbreviated anthesis (23–27 h face limitations in utilizing pollinators with a bimodal circadian activity; whereas species that trap pollinators (all with short anthesis can utilize a broader range of potential pollinators, including those with both unimodal and bimodal circadian rhythms. In addition to broadening the range of potential pollinators based on their activity patterns, circadian trapping endows other selective advantages, including the possibility of an extended staminate phase to promote pollen deposition, and enhanced interfloral movement of pollinators. The relevance of the alignment of floral phenological changes with peaks in pollinator activity is furthermore evaluated for pitfall trap pollination systems.

Zooming-in on floral nectar: a first exploration of nectar-associated bacteria in wild plant communities.

Science.gov (United States)

Alvarez-Pérez, Sergio; Herrera, Carlos M; de Vega, Clara

2012-06-01

Floral nectar of some animal-pollinated plants usually harbours highly adapted yeast communities which can profoundly alter nectar characteristics and, therefore, potentially have significant impacts on plant reproduction through their effects on insect foraging behaviour. Bacteria have also been occasionally observed in floral nectar, but their prevalence, phylogenetic diversity and ecological role within plant-pollinator-yeast systems remains unclear. Here we present the first reported survey of bacteria in floral nectar from a natural plant community. Culturable bacteria occurring in a total of 71 nectar samples collected from 27 South African plant species were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Rarefaction-based analyses were used to assess operational taxonomic units (OTUs) richness at the plant community level using nectar drops as sampling units. Our results showed that bacteria are common inhabitants of floral nectar of South African plants (53.5% of samples yielded growth), and their communities are characterized by low species richness (18 OTUs at a 16S rRNA gene sequence dissimilarity cut-off of 3%) and moderate phylogenetic diversity, with most isolates belonging to the Gammaproteobacteria. Furthermore, isolates showed osmotolerance, catalase activity and the ability to grow under microaerobiosis, three traits that might help bacteria to overcome important factors limiting their survival and/or growth in nectar. © 2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.

Terapia cognitivo-comportamental da fobia social Cognitive-behavioral therapy in social phobia

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Lígia M Ito

2008-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Este artigo revisa aspectos relevantes da fobia social e os estágios de tratamento através da terapia cognitivo-comportamental em crianças, adolescentes e adultos. MÉTODO: A partir do banco de dados Medline, realizou-se revisão da literatura publicada a respeito do tratamento da fobia social por meio da terapia cognitivo-comportamental. RESULTADOS: Revisão da literatura sugere que a fobia social é uma condição prevalente e crônica, caracterizada por inibição social e timidez excessiva. Tanto o diagnóstico como o tratamento desse transtorno são comumente determinados pelo nível de incômodo e pelo prejuízo funcional. Estudos populacionais indicam taxas de prevalência ao longo da vida para a fobia social entre 2,5 e 13,3%. As principais técnicas utilizadas na terapia cognitivo-comportamental para a fobia social são descritas e exemplificadas em um relato de caso. CONCLUSÕES: Há consenso geral na literatura de que a terapia cognitivo-comportamental é eficaz tanto para o tratamento de jovens como de adultos com fobia social. Uma vez que a fobia social com freqüência tem início precoce, a identificação de crianças com risco acentuado para o desenvolvimento de fobia social deve ser priorizada em investigações futuras.OBJECTIVE: This article reviews relevant aspects of social phobia and the stages of treatment within cognitive-behavioral therapy in children and adolescents, as well as in adults. METHOD: A review of the literature published on the treatment of social phobia using cognitive-behavioral treatments was performed using the Medline database. RESULTS: A review of the literature suggests that social phobia is a chronic and prevalent condition, characterized by social inhibition and excessive shyness. Diagnosis and treatment of the disorder are usually determined by distress level and functional impairment. Population studies indicate that lifetime prevalence rates for social phobia range from 2.5 to 13

Efficacy of adalimumab in patients with crohn's disease and failure to infliximab therapy: a clinical series Eficacia de Adalimumab en pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn y fracaso previo a la terapia con Infliximab: resultados de una serie clínica

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Patricia Cordero-Ruiz

2011-06-01

/25 pacientes (60% en la semana 48. Esto se acompañó de un descenso de los niveles de PCR de 21 a 8 mg/l en la semana 48. En nueve de quince pacientes (60% que tomaban corticoides, se consiguió su retirada. Tres de once pacientes (27% con enfermedad fistulosa presentaron un cierre completo de las fístulas tras el tratamiento con adalimumab. Un 72% de los pacientes (18/25 necesitaron, a lo largo del seguimiento, acortar el intervalo de tratamiento a una semana para mantener la respuesta. Cinco de veinticinco pacientes (20% presentan efectos secundarios y en 2 de ellos (8% fue precisa la retirada del fármaco (meningitis tuberculosa y absceso abdominal. Conclusiones: el tratamiento con adalimumab proporciona una mejoría clínica y analítica en un número significativo de pacientes con EC y fracaso previo a la terapia con infliximab.

Unique morphological changes in plant pathogenic phytoplasma-infected petunia flowers are related to transcriptional regulation of floral homeotic genes in an organ-specific manner.

Science.gov (United States)

Himeno, Misako; Neriya, Yutaro; Minato, Nami; Miura, Chihiro; Sugawara, Kyoko; Ishii, Yoshiko; Yamaji, Yasuyuki; Kakizawa, Shigeyuki; Oshima, Kenro; Namba, Shigetou

2011-09-01

Abnormal flowers are often induced by infection of certain plant pathogens, e.g. phytoplasma, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these malformations have remained poorly understood. Here, we show that infection with OY-W phytoplasma (Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris, onion yellows phytoplasma strain, line OY-W) affects the expression of the floral homeotic genes of petunia plants in an organ-specific manner. Upon infection with OY-W phytoplasma, floral morphological changes, including conversion to leaf-like structures, were observed in sepals, petals and pistils, but not in stamens. As the expression levels of homeotic genes differ greatly between floral organs, we examined the expression levels of homeotic genes in each floral organ infected by OY-W phytoplasma, compared with healthy plants. The expression levels of several homeotic genes required for organ development, such as PFG, PhGLO1 and FBP7, were significantly downregulated by the phytoplasma infection in floral organs, except the stamens, suggesting that the unique morphological changes caused by the phytoplasma infection might result from the significant decrease in expression of some crucial homeotic genes. Moreover, the expression levels of TER, ALF and DOT genes, which are known to participate in floral meristem identity, were significantly downregulated in the phytoplasma-infected petunia meristems, implying that phytoplasma would affect an upstream signaling pathway of floral meristem identity. Our results suggest that phytoplasma infection may have complex effects on floral development, resulting in the unique phenotypes that were clearly distinct from the mutant flower phenotypes produced by the knock-out or the overexpression of certain homeotic genes. © 2011 The Authors. The Plant Journal © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Terapia pulpar em dentes decíduos: possibilidades terapêuticas baseadas em evidências

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Natalino Lourenço Neto

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A pulpotomia em dentes decíduos é uma técnica conservadora de terapia pulpar amplamente utilizada em Odontopediatria, sendo de fundamental importância para evitar a perda prematura desses dentes, quer seja por alterações provocadas pela cárie dentária ou traumatismo dentário. Apesar de ser uma técnica estudada há muitos anos, causa muitas controvérsias e discussões, principalmente em termos de biocompatibilidade dos medicamentos empregados e pelas dificuldades e falhas no diagnóstico da condição pulpar. OBJETIVO: Por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2011, e com enfoque em estudos clínicos randomizados, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises, este trabalho teve como objetivo discutir, com base em evidências científicas, alternativas para o tratamento de pulpotomia em dentes decíduos humanos. CONCLUSÃO: As evidências científicas fidedignas com o uso de materiais capeadores pulpares e as técnicas de Eletrocirurgia e Laser de Baixa Potência foram escassas. Desta forma, sugere-se a realização de estudos complementares bem delineados estatisticamente para maiores esclarecimentos. As informações geradas em tais experimentos poderão contribuir para um melhor entendimento dos mecanismos da terapia pulpar, podendo gerar o desenvolvimento de protocolos com novas formas terapêuticas, que visam a melhorar a terapia pulpar em dentes decíduos.

FON2 SPARE1 redundantly regulates floral meristem maintenance with FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 in rice.

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Takuya Suzaki

2009-10-01

Full Text Available CLAVATA signaling restricts stem cell identity in the shoot apical meristem (SAM in Arabidopsis thaliana. In rice (Oryza sativa, FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2, closely related to CLV3, is involved as a signaling molecule in a similar pathway to negatively regulate stem cell proliferation in the floral meristem (FM. Here we show that the FON2 SPARE1 (FOS1 gene encoding a CLE protein functions along with FON2 in maintenance of the FM. In addition, FOS1 appears to be involved in maintenance of the SAM in the vegetative phase, because constitutive expression of FOS1 caused termination of the vegetative SAM. Genetic analysis revealed that FOS1 does not need FON1, the putative receptor of FON2, for its action, suggesting that FOS1 and FON2 may function in meristem maintenance as signaling molecules in independent pathways. Initially, we identified FOS1 as a suppressor that originates from O. sativa indica and suppresses the fon2 mutation in O. sativa japonica. FOS1 function in japonica appears to be compromised by a functional nucleotide polymorphism (FNP at the putative processing site of the signal peptide. Sequence comparison of FOS1 in about 150 domesticated rice and wild rice species indicates that this FNP is present only in japonica, suggesting that redundant regulation by FOS1 and FON2 is commonplace in species in the Oryza genus. Distribution of the FNP also suggests that this mutation may have occurred during the divergence of japonica from its wild ancestor. Stem cell maintenance may be regulated by at least three negative pathways in rice, and each pathway may contribute differently to this regulation depending on the type of the meristem. This situation contrasts with that in Arabidopsis, where CLV signaling is the major single pathway in all meristems.

Effect of Citrus floral extracts on the foraging behavior of the stingless bee Scaptotrigona pectoralis (Dalla Torre)

OpenAIRE

Grajales-Conesa,Julieta; Meléndez Ramírez,Virginia; Cruz-López,Leopoldo; Sánchez Guillén,Daniel

2012-01-01

Effect of Citrus floral extracts on the foraging behavior of the stingless bee Scaptotrigona pectoralis (Dalla Torre). Stingless bees have an important role as pollinators of many wild and cultivated plant species in tropical regions. Little is known, however, about the interaction between floral fragrances and the foraging behavior of meliponine species. Thus we investigated the chemical composition of the extracts of citric (lemon and orange) flowers and their effects on the foraging behavi...

Características clínicas de pacientes tratados con terapia electroconvulsiva en un hospital público de Perú

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Carla Cortez-Vergara

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de describir el perfil de uso de la terapia electroconvulsiva (TEC en pacientes hospitalizados en el Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental "Honorio Delgado - Hideyo Noguchi" de Lima, Perú, se revisaron las historias clínicas de pacientes que recibieron TEC entre los años 2001 y 2011. Se aplicaron 419 cursos de TEC a 372 pacientes, con un total de 5439 aplicaciones; la esquizofrenia paranoide fue el diagnóstico más frecuente (70,7%, y la indicación más usual fue la resistencia al tratamiento (80,7%; asimismo, la respuesta clínica a la TEC fue buena en 70,1% de casos, mientras que los efectos secundarios, en general, fueron pasajeros y leves. El uso de TEC disminuyó a lo largo del periodo estudiado, pero fue muy tolerable y segura, especialmente en su versión modificada, y mostró una alta respuesta que la mantiene como un tratamiento psiquiátrico de primera línea.

What shapes amino acid and sugar composition in Mediterranean floral nectars?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Petanidou, T.; Van Laere, A.; Ellis, W.; Smets, E.

2006-01-01

We studied the amino acid (AA) composition of the floral nectars of 73 plant species occurring in a phryganic (East Mediterranean garrigue) community and investigated whether AA and sugar composition is shaped by evolutionary (plant phylogeny), ecological (flowering time as a direct effect of summer

Effects of range-wide variation in climate and isolation on floral traits and reproductive output of Clarkia pulchella.

Science.gov (United States)

Bontrager, Megan; Angert, Amy L

2016-01-01

Plant mating systems and geographic range limits are conceptually linked by shared underlying drivers, including landscape-level heterogeneity in climate and in species' abundance. Studies of how geography and climate interact to affect plant traits that influence mating system and population dynamics can lend insight to ecological and evolutionary processes shaping ranges. Here, we examined how spatiotemporal variation in climate affects reproductive output of a mixed-mating annual, Clarkia pulchella. We also tested the effects of population isolation and climate on mating-system-related floral traits across the range. We measured reproductive output and floral traits on herbarium specimens collected across the range of C. pulchella. We extracted climate data associated with specimens and derived a population isolation metric from a species distribution model. We then examined how predictors of reproductive output and floral traits vary among populations of increasing distance from the range center. Finally, we tested whether reproductive output and floral traits vary with increasing distance from the center of the range. Reproductive output decreased as summer precipitation decreased, and low precipitation may contribute to limiting the southern and western range edges of C. pulchella. High spring and summer temperatures are correlated with low herkogamy, but these climatic factors show contrasting spatial patterns in different quadrants of the range. Limiting factors differ among different parts of the range. Due to the partial decoupling of geography and environment, examining relationships between climate, reproductive output, and mating-system-related floral traits reveals spatial patterns that might be missed when focusing solely on geographic position. © 2016 Botanical Society of America.

O EMPREGO DA TERAPIA LASER DE BAIXA INTENSIDADE NO TRATAMENTO DA HERPES-ZÓSTER E NEURALGIA PÓS-HERPÉTICA COM ACOMETIMENTO OROFACIAL

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Davidson Ribeiro Costa

2016-12-01

Full Text Available O herpes-zóster facial é definido como uma doença infecciosa, que durante seu desenvolvimento apresenta lesões dolorosas na região orofacial. A Neuralgia pós-herpética é uma complicação da HZ facial que é caracteriza pela sintomatologia  dolorosa. A terapia com laser  de baixa intensidade (TLBI tem sido amplamente divulgada nos meios científicos, devido o seu efeito positivo  na redução da dor em uma série de condições. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo objetivou analisar os principais efeitos da TLBI, com base na literatura, de forma a apresentar uma terapia alternativa, que pode ser empregada no tratamento da HZ facial e NPHT, salientando as doses e os possíveis locais para a irradiação em cada fase. A TLBI é uma terapia não invasiva, que não apresenta efeitos adversos, quando empregada de maneira correta. Essa terapia apresenta efeitos anti-álgico, anti-inflamatório, de reparo tecidual e neuronal, o que justifica a sua utilização no tratamento da HZ facial e NPHT.

Cirugía Plástica Periodontal: reporte de un caso clínico

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Luis Alexandro Bueno Rossy

Full Text Available El abordaje terapéutico de las recesiones gingivales requiere un plan de tratamiento que involucre terapia básica, la cual tendrá como objetivo la resolución de la/las etiologías de la/las mismas y una terapia de cirugía plástica periodontal adecuada al caso específico. Los procedimientos quirúrgicos con injertos de tejido conjuntivo tomados principalmente del paladar son el gold standard en el tratamiento de las recesiones gingivales. El objetivo de este trabajo es exponer paso a paso el tratamiento de una recesión gingival post- terapia de ortodoncia y su evaluación a largo plazo

Natural selection on floral morphology can be influenced by climate.

Science.gov (United States)

Campbell, Diane R; Powers, John M

2015-06-07