Electrical bushing for a superconductor element

Science.gov (United States)

Mirebeau, Pierre; Lallouet, Nicolas; Delplace, Sebastien; Lapierre, Regis

2010-05-04

The invention relates to an electrical bushing serving to make a connection at ambient temperature to a superconductor element situated in an enclosure at cryogenic temperature. The electrical bushing passes successively through an enclosure at intermediate temperature between ambient temperature and cryogenic temperature, and an enclosure at ambient temperature, and it comprises a central electrical conductor surrounded by an electrically insulating sheath. According to the invention, an electrically conductive screen connected to ground potential surrounds the insulating sheath over a section that extends from the end of the bushing that is in contact with the enclosure at cryogenic temperature at least as far as the junction between the enclosure at intermediate temperature and the enclosure at ambient temperature. The invention is more particularly applicable to making a connection to a superconductor cable.

Hybrid neural network bushing model for vehicle dynamics simulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sohn, Jeong Hyun; Lee, Seung Kyu; Yoo, Wan Suk

2008-01-01

Although the linear model was widely used for the bushing model in vehicle suspension systems, it could not express the nonlinear characteristics of bushing in terms of the amplitude and the frequency. An artificial neural network model was suggested to consider the hysteretic responses of bushings. This model, however, often diverges due to the uncertainties of the neural network under the unexpected excitation inputs. In this paper, a hybrid neural network bushing model combining linear and neural network is suggested. A linear model was employed to represent linear stiffness and damping effects, and the artificial neural network algorithm was adopted to take into account the hysteretic responses. A rubber test was performed to capture bushing characteristics, where sine excitation with different frequencies and amplitudes is applied. Random test results were used to update the weighting factors of the neural network model. It is proven that the proposed model has more robust characteristics than a simple neural network model under step excitation input. A full car simulation was carried out to verify the proposed bushing models. It was shown that the hybrid model results are almost identical to the linear model under several maneuvers

Big data integration shows Australian bush-fire frequency is increasing significantly.

Science.gov (United States)

Dutta, Ritaban; Das, Aruneema; Aryal, Jagannath

2016-02-01

Increasing Australian bush-fire frequencies over the last decade has indicated a major climatic change in coming future. Understanding such climatic change for Australian bush-fire is limited and there is an urgent need of scientific research, which is capable enough to contribute to Australian society. Frequency of bush-fire carries information on spatial, temporal and climatic aspects of bush-fire events and provides contextual information to model various climate data for accurately predicting future bush-fire hot spots. In this study, we develop an ensemble method based on a two-layered machine learning model to establish relationship between fire incidence and climatic data. In a 336 week data trial, we demonstrate that the model provides highly accurate bush-fire incidence hot-spot estimation (91% global accuracy) from the weekly climatic surfaces. Our analysis also indicates that Australian weekly bush-fire frequencies increased by 40% over the last 5 years, particularly during summer months, implicating a serious climatic shift.

Reidid Venemaale / Jason Bush

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Bush, Jason

2008-01-01

Korruptsioonist Venemaal Samara piirkonnas, ettevõtte-vaenulikest ülevõtmiskatsetest ja riigiametnike osast selles, Venemaa presidendi algatusest korruptsiooni väljajuurimisel. Vt. samas Jason Bush. BP rasked ajad Venemaal

Injection molding of bushes made of tribological PEEK composites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Polyetheretherketone (PEEK composites have been extensively studied because of the excellent tribological behavior among plastics. However, laboratory specimens and tests are generally discussed, whereas application studies on industrial components are infrequent. In this paper, an injection molded bush made of tribological PEEK was analyzed to correlate wear behavior and molded material structure. Bushes were tested under unlubricated sliding conditions by means of a short wear test. Surface analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC and optical microscopy were used to evaluate the distribution of the different composite fillers (polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE, graphite particles and carbon microfibers and their effect on the final bush behavior. A significant lack of homogeneity was observed in the molded bush and black bands appeared on the shaft surface after testing due to the sliding. The bush geometry and the injection molding process should be optimized to allow the best tribological behavior of the molded material under working conditions.

Bush blasts 'filth' on TV, school condom handouts.

Science.gov (United States)

1991-12-18

President Bush complained yesterday about the "filth and indecent material" that Americans are exposed to through televised trials. Mr. Bush also criticized programs to combat AIDS that give condoms to teenagers and clean needles to drug addicts. He said such efforts undermine traditional values. He expressed hope that Earvin "Magic" Johnson's revelation that he is HIV positive "will teach people that wayward lifestyles or just kind of unsafe sex at random is not the way it ought to work." Mr. Bush made the comments in a series of satellite television interviews with ABC affiliates in major cities. In an apparent reaction to graphic testimony at the recent Palm Beach rape trial of William Kennedy Smith, Mr. Bush said, "I think the American people have a right to be protected against some of these excesses." Mr. Smith, a nephew of Sen. Edward M. Kennedy, D-Mass., was acquitted last week. The Cable News Network and Court TV provided virtually gavel-to-gavel coverage. Mr. Bush took a dim view of a plan to distribute condoms to juniors and seniors in Philadelphia city high schools as part of a program to combat acquired immune deficiency syndrome. "This is a disease that can be controlled for the most part by individual behavior," Mr. Bush said. "Indeed, I must tell you I'm worried about it. I'm worried about so much filth and indecent material coming in through the airwaves and through these trials into people's homes," he said. full text

Low-Cost Production of Composite Bushings for Jet Engine Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Gray, Robert A.

1998-01-01

The objectives of this research program were to reduce the manufacturing costs of variable stator vane bushings by 1) eliminating the expensive carbon fiber braiding operation, 2) replacing the batch mode impregnation, B-stage, and cutting operations with a continuous process, and 3) reducing the molding cycle and machining operations with injection molding to achieve near-net shapes. Braided bushings were successfully fabricated with both AMB-17XLD and AMB-TPD resin systems. The composite bushings achieved high glass transition temperature after post-cure (+300 C) and comparable weight loss to the PNM-15 bushings. ANM-17XLD bushings made with "batch-mode" molding compound (at 0.5 in. fiber length) achieved a +300 lb-force flange break strength which was superior to the continuous braided-fiber reinforced bushing. The non-MDA resin technology developed in this contract appears attractive for bushing applications that do not exceed a 300 C use temperature. Two thermoplastic polyimide resins were synthesized in order to generate injection molding compound powders. Excellent processing results were obtained at injection temperatures in excess of 300 C. Micro-tensile specimens were produced from each resin type and the Tg measurements (by TMA) for these samples were equivalent to AURUM(R). Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) conducted at 10 C/min showed that the non-MDA AMB-type polyimide thermoplastics had comparable weight loss to PMR-15 up to 500 C.

Field distribution on an HVDC wall bushing during laboratory rain tests

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lampe, W.; Wikstrom, D.; Jacobson, B.

1991-01-01

This paper reports that an efficient counter-measure to suppress flashovers across HVDC wall bushings is to make their surfaces hydrophobic. This laboratory investigation reports the measured electric field along such a bushing under different environmental conditions. A significantly reduced radial field strength has been found for the hydrophobic bushing. Moreover, the total field strength distribution becomes almost independent of the prevailing dry zone. The flashover voltage for bushings with a hydrophobic surface is therefore significantly increased

Insulation design of cryogenic bushing for superconducting electric power applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koo, J.Y., E-mail: koojy@hanyang.ac.kr [Department of Electronics, Electrical, Control and Instrumentation Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Y.J.; Shin, W.J.; Kim, Y.H. [Department of Electronics, Electrical, Control and Instrumentation Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, J.T. [Department of Electrical Engineering, Daejin University, Pocheon 487-711 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, B.W. [Department of Electronics, Electrical, Control and Instrumentation Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, S.H., E-mail: k720lsh@kins.re.kr [Expert Group Electric and Control Department, Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, Daejeon 305-600 (Korea, Republic of)

2013-01-15

Highlights: ► In this paper, design factors of cryogenic bushings were discussed and test results of specimen were introduced in detail. ► We focused on the comparative study of breakdown characteristics of different electrode materials. ► Puncture and creepage breakdown characteristics were analyzed based on the withstand voltage. ► We obtained the basic design factors of extra high voltage condenser bushing. ► We obtained the basic design factors of extra high voltage condenser bushing, which could be used in cryogenic environment. -- Abstract: Recently, the superconductivity projects to develop commercial superconducting devices for extra high voltage transmission lines have been undergoing in many countries. One of the critical components to be developed for high voltage superconducting devices, including superconducting transformers, cables, and fault current limiters, is a high voltage bushing, to supply high current to devices without insulating difficulties, that is designed for cryogenic environments. Unfortunately, suitable bushings for HTS equipment were not fully developed for some cryogenic insulation issues. Such high voltage bushings would need to provide electrical insulation capabilities from room temperature to cryogenic temperatures. In this paper, design factors of cryogenic bushings were discussed and test results of specimen were introduced in detail. First, the dielectric strength of three kinds of metals has been measured with uniform and non-uniform electrodes by withstand voltage of impulse and AC breakdown test in LN{sub 2}. Second, puncture breakdown voltage of glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRPs) plates has been analyzed with non-uniform electrodes. Finally, creepage discharge voltages were measured according to the configuration of non-uniform and uniform electrode on the FRP plate. From the test results, we obtained the basic design factors of extra high voltage condenser bushing, which could be used in cryogenic

Development of a compact bushing for NBI

Science.gov (United States)

de Esch, H. P. L.; Simonin, A.; Grand, C.; Lepetit, B.; Lemoine, D.; Márquez-Mijares, M.; Minea, T.; Caillault, L.; Seznec, B.; Jager, T.; Odic, E.; Kirkpatrick, M. J.; Teste, Ph.; Dessante, Ph.; Almaksour, K.

2017-08-01

Research into a novel type of compact bushing is being conducted through the HVIV (High Voltage holding In Vacuum) partnership between CEA-Cadarache1, GeePs-Centralesupélec4, LPGP3 and LCAR2. The bushing aims to concentrate the high electric field inside its interior, rather than in the vacuum tank. Hence the field emission current is also concentrated inside the bushing and it can be attempted to suppress this so-called dark current by conditioning the internal surfaces and by adding gas. LCAR have performed theoretical quantum mechanical studies of electron field emission and the role of adsorbates in changing the work function. LPGP studied the ionization of gas due to field emission current and the behavior of micro particles exposed to emissive electron current in the vacuum gap under high electric fields. Experiments at Geeps have clarified the role of surface conditioning in reducing the dark current. Geeps also found that adding low pressure nitrogen gas to the vacuum is much more effective than helium in reducing the field emission. An interesting observation is the growth of carbon structures after exposure of an electrode to the electric field. Finally, IRFM have performed experiments on a single stage test bushing that features a 36 cm high porcelain insulator and two cylindrical electrode surfaces in vacuum or low-pressure gas. Using 0.1 Pa N2 gas, the voltage holding exceeded 185 kV over a 40 mm "vacuum" gap without dark current. Above this voltage, exterior breakdowns occurred over the insulator, which was in air. The project will finish with the fabrication of a 2-stage compact bushing, capable to withstand 400 kV.

Northward extension of the known range of the Bush Pipit Anthus ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Summary. The Bush Pipit Anthus caffer is a partly nomadic African species whose movements coincide with the onset of rains. Across the continent, the distribution and geographic extent of the five Bush Pipit subspecies are poorly known. In Kenya, the documented range of the Bush Pipit is along the Tanzanian border in ...

Simulation of Bimetallic Bush Hot Rolling Bonding Process

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yaqin Tian

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Three-dimensional model of bimetallic bush was established including the drive roller and the core roller. The model adopted the appropriate interface assumptions. Based on the bonding properties of bimetallic bush the hot rolling process was analyzed. The optimum reduction ratio of 28% is obtained by using the finite element simulation software MARC on the assumption of the bonding conditions. The stress-strain distribution of three dimensions was research assumptions to interface deformation of rolling. At the same time, based on the numerical simulation, the minimum reduction ratio 20% is obtained by using a double metal composite bush rolling new technology from the experiment research. The simulation error is not more than 8%.

Identification of a novel ga-related bush mutant in pumpkin (cucurbita moschata duchesne)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, T.; Cao, J.

2015-01-01

Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) bush mutant plants were characterized by short stems. The sensitivity of pumpkin bush mutant plants to exogenous hormones was identified in this study. Results revealed that internode elongation of bush mutant plants could respond to gibberellins (GA4+7 and GA3), but not to indole acetic acid (IAA) and brassinosteroids (BR); by contrast, the mutant phenotype of bush mutant plants could not be fully rescued by GA4+7 and GA3. The internode of bush mutant plants yielded a lower KS expression level than that of vine plants. Therefore, pumpkin bush mutant plants were designated as GA-related mutant plants eliciting a partial response to GAs; the action of IAA and BR might not be involved in the internode growth of pumpkin bush mutant plants, specifically Cucurbita moschata Duch. (author)

Bush doctrine in the Middle East; The US foreign policy towards the Middle East during the George W. Bush presidency

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lukáš Hoder

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The article is focused at the most important elements of the US foreign policy towards the Middle East during the administration of George W. Bush (2001 – 2009. The text has two parts. The first part shows three important influences on creation and formulation of the US foreign policy towards the region. At the first place it was an effort to preserve unipolar character of the international system, hegemonic possition of the USA and its dominance in all regions. The second source was specific decision-making process set up by president Bush and the third source of the Bush strategy was a partial transformation of the US longtime policy towards the Middle East. The second part of the article discuss results of the Bush doctrine in the region. The text is focused at five most important consequences of the US foreign policy, which are the fight against proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, the pursuit of the democratization throughout the region, the Israel-Palestinian conflict, regional “cold war” between Iran and Saudi Arabia and finally the struggle to stabilize the post-conflict Iraq.

Bush jätkab maailma dirigeerimist / Neeme Raud

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Raud, Neeme, 1969-

2004-01-01

USA president George W. Bush peab oma tagasivalimise kindlustajaks elluviidud välispoliitikat. Autori hinnangul on Bush varasematest presidentidest jõulisemalt muutmas USA-d kapitalismi lipulaevaks, Bushi USA vastandab end euroopalikule mudelile, kus riik tagab kodanikele turvatunde. Kavandatavatest muudatustest USA sisepoliitikas. Vt. samas: Arko Olesk. Verine aasta Iraagi sõjas; Aivar Reinap. USA majandus mustas augus; Andres Keil. Tsivilisatsiooni häirekell

Termination for a superconducting power transmission line including a horizontal cryogenic bushing

Science.gov (United States)

Minati, Kurt F.; Morgan, Gerry H.; McNerney, Andrew J.; Schauer, Felix

1984-01-01

A termination for a superconducting power transmission line is disclosed which is comprised of a standard air entrance insulated vertical bushing with an elbow, a horizontal cryogenic bushing linking the pressurized cryogenic cable environment to the ambient temperature bushing and a stress cone which terminates the cable outer shield and transforms the large radial voltage gradient in the cable dielectric into a much lower radial voltage gradient in the high density helium coolant at the cold end of the cryogenic bushing.

Vannevar Bush: Fifty Years Later

Science.gov (United States)

Lagowski, J. J.

1995-12-01

It is ironic that the 50th anniversary year of Vannevar Bush's Report to President Truman entitled "Science the Endless Frontier", which put into motion the eminently successful current system of education of scientists in this country occurs at a time when serious questions are being asked about the usefulness of that very system. Bush viewed his proposal to establish a national research foundation (later to be called the National Science Foundation) as a "social compact." Judgment of scientific merit would be delegated to expert peers in return for scientific progress, which would ultimately benefit the nation in terms of scientific needs--military security, economic productivity, and enhanced quality of life. Bush wanted the funding of basic research intertwined with training, and preferred to use universities for this purpose rather than industrial or national labs. Bush viewed college and university scientists as teachers and investigators. He believed university-based research would uniquely encourage and engage the next generation of scientists as no other institutional arrangement could. Bush did not trust industry's commitment to basic research, an instinct that proved prophetic. The academic reserve of scientists (PhD's in training and postdoctoral students) that existed before World War II, and upon which the United States could draw for its needs, which were primarily associated with defense efforts, was probably one of the defining factors in Bush's suggested strategy. Currently, that reserve of talent has gotten so large that it is the obvious throttle in the pipeline slowing the continued development of the university research enterprise. Since 1977, the rate at which we have trained new scientists exceeds an average of 4% annually. Since 1987, the "science work force"--PhD's--has grown at three times the rate of the general labor supply. Temporary positions for postdoctoral scientists have grown even faster (over 5% per year since 1989). To compound

Rhetorical and Linguistic Analysis of Bush's Second Inaugural Speech

Science.gov (United States)

Sameer, Imad Hayif

2017-01-01

This study attempts to analyze Bush's second inaugural speech. It aims at investigating the use of linguistic strategies in it. It resorts to two models which are Aristotle's model while the second is that of Atkinson's (1984) to draw the attention towards linguistic strategies. The analysis shows that Bush's second inaugural speech is successful…

Bush and the Energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mommaerts, C.; Barre, N.; Riche, P.

2001-01-01

Facing the increase of the energy demand, Bush the President of the USA, decided to give a new impetus to the nuclear industry. These papers present the economic and the political analysis of this policy from the french point of view showing the anxiety facing the environmental impacts. (A.L.B.)

Análisis de Tensiones mediante Elementos Finitos de una Válvula Esférica durante la Prueba Hidrostática, y su Verificación Experimental

OpenAIRE

Gualda, Néstor J; Sanzi, Héctor C; Ortiz, Luis

2010-01-01

En este trabajo se presenta el análisis de tensiones y deformaciones en el cuerpo de una válvula esférica de diámetro 8" serie 600, durante la prueba hidrostática, utilizando el método de elementos finitos. Se verifica el modelo con datos experimentales de tensiones, utilizando indicadores de deformación SG (Strain Gauges). Para el análisis mediante el método de elementos finitos se utilizó el programa Cosmos/M e información obtenida durante el análisis experimental. Las pruebas experimentale...

Bush Pledges Increased Science Research and Education Funding

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, Mohi

2006-02-01

In his 31 January State of the Union address, U.S. President George W. Bush announced two new initiatives aimed at galvanizing scientific research and education. For the American Competitiveness Initiative, Bush proposes to ``double the federal commitment to the most critical basic research programs in the physical sciences in the next 10 years. . .[and to] make permanent the research and development tax credit to encourage bolder private-sector initiative in technology.''

How Bush Was 'Churchilled' in Iraq

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Porch, Douglas

2004-01-01

.... Since it took office, the Bush administration has argued that the United States should return to strategies of preemption, unilateralism, and hegemony that characterized American national security...

Experimental validation of prototype high voltage bushing

Science.gov (United States)

Shah, Sejal; Tyagi, H.; Sharma, D.; Parmar, D.; M. N., Vishnudev; Joshi, K.; Patel, K.; Yadav, A.; Patel, R.; Bandyopadhyay, M.; Rotti, C.; Chakraborty, A.

2017-08-01

Prototype High voltage bushing (PHVB) is a scaled down configuration of DNB High Voltage Bushing (HVB) of ITER. It is designed for operation at 50 kV DC to ensure operational performance and thereby confirming the design configuration of DNB HVB. Two concentric insulators viz. Ceramic and Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) rings are used as double layered vacuum boundary for 50 kV isolation between grounded and high voltage flanges. Stress shields are designed for smooth electric field distribution. During ceramic to Kovar brazing, spilling cannot be controlled which may lead to high localized electrostatic stress. To understand spilling phenomenon and precise stress calculation, quantitative analysis was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of brazed sample and similar configuration modeled while performing the Finite Element (FE) analysis. FE analysis of PHVB is performed to find out electrical stresses on different areas of PHVB and are maintained similar to DNB HV Bushing. With this configuration, the experiment is performed considering ITER like vacuum and electrical parameters. Initial HV test is performed by temporary vacuum sealing arrangements using gaskets/O-rings at both ends in order to achieve desired vacuum and keep the system maintainable. During validation test, 50 kV voltage withstand is performed for one hour. Voltage withstand test for 60 kV DC (20% higher rated voltage) have also been performed without any breakdown. Successful operation of PHVB confirms the design of DNB HV Bushing. In this paper, configuration of PHVB with experimental validation data is presented.

An ethnobotany of Western Cape Rasta bush medicine.

Science.gov (United States)

Aston Philander, Lisa

2011-11-18

This descriptive ethnobiological research is the first documentation of the materials utilized in the pharmacopeia of a novel group of herbalists, Rasta bush doctors, found in the botanically diverse Western Cape of South Africa. This article suggests that medicinal plants used by bush doctors unite the disparate ethnomedicines found in South Africa. Ethnospecies name and parts used were recorded during detailed inventories of 39 bush doctors. Collection of voucher specimens for botanical identification occurred in 15 locations. Herbal remedies were classified into use categories and were compared to historical ethnobotanical literature to ascertain previous cultural affiliations. There were 205 ethnospecies found in the Rastafari ethnobiology, 181 were used medicinally. Ethnospecies belong to 71 plant families and 71% belonged to six plant families: Rutaceae (13), Asteraceae (13), Apiaceae (9), Lamiaceae (8), Fabaceae (8), and Euphorbiaceae (7). The majority of remedies (49%) were foliage. Medicinal plants treated over 30 ailments including: gastrointestinal symptoms (11%), urogential complaints (11%), skin ailments (9%), and cardiovascular diseases (8%). Bush doctors appropriated remedies traditionally important to Zulu, KhoiSan, European and Xhosa healing traditions. Novel plants and plant utilization were noted for 22 plant species. Use of previously undocumented plant materials as medicinals denote distinct local knowledge including novel Rastafarian utilization of herbs for spiritual and ritual purposes. The range of the largely herbaceous pharmacopeia is narrow compared to the region's highly biodiverse materials and historical records of medicinal use. Bush doctors' experimentation with known herbal remedies illustrates a striking level of cross-cultural adaptation. This syncretic pharmacopeia reflects the cultural diversity of Southern Africa, drawing upon recent invasive species, European influence and traditional herbs used by the KhoiSan, Zulu and Xhosa

High Throughput Phenotyping of Blueberry Bush Morphological Traits Using Unmanned Aerial Systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aaron Patrick

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Phenotyping morphological traits of blueberry bushes in the field is important for selecting genotypes that are easily harvested by mechanical harvesters. Morphological data can also be used to assess the effects of crop treatments such as plant growth regulators, fertilizers, and environmental conditions. This paper investigates the feasibility and accuracy of an inexpensive unmanned aerial system in determining the morphological characteristics of blueberry bushes. Color images collected by a quadcopter are processed into three-dimensional point clouds via structure from motion algorithms. Bush height, extents, canopy area, and volume, in addition to crown diameter and width, are derived and referenced to ground truth. In an experimental farm, twenty-five bushes were imaged by a quadcopter. Height and width dimensions achieved a mean absolute error of 9.85 cm before and 5.82 cm after systematic under-estimation correction. Strong correlation was found between manual and image derived bush volumes and their traditional growth indices. Hedgerows of three Southern Highbush varieties were imaged at a commercial farm to extract five morphological features (base angle, blockiness, crown percent height, crown ratio, and vegetation ratio associated with cultivation and machine harvestability. The bushes were found to be partially separable by multivariate analysis. The methodology developed from this study is not only valuable for plant breeders to screen genotypes with bush morphological traits that are suitable for machine harvest, but can also aid producers in crop management such as pruning and plot layout organization.

'Shakespeare in the bush' and encountering the other in the ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

'Shakespeare in the bush' and encountering the other in the hermeneutical dialectic of belonging and distanciation 'Shakespeare in the Bush' is an account of an anthropologist's hermeneutical experience among the Tiv people of Nigeria that serves as an illustration o f a hermeneutical circle which results in transforming ...

Effect of liquid surface tension on circular and linear hydraulic jumps; theory and experiments

Science.gov (United States)

Bhagat, Rajesh Kumar; Jha, Narsing Kumar; Linden, Paul F.; Wilson, David Ian

2017-11-01

The hydraulic jump has attracted considerable attention since Rayleigh published his account in 1914. Watson (1964) proposed the first satisfactory explanation of the circular hydraulic jump by balancing the momentum and hydrostatic pressure across the jump, but this solution did not explain what actually causes the jump to form. Bohr et al. (1992) showed that the hydraulic jump happens close to the point where the local Froude number equals to one, suggesting a balance between inertial and hydrostatic contributions. Bush & Aristoff (2003) subsequently incorporated the effect of surface tension and showed that this is important when the jump radius is small. In this study, we propose a new account to explain the formation and evolution of hydraulic jumps under conditions where the jump radius is strongly influenced by the liquid surface tension. The theory is compared with experiments employing liquids of different surface tension and different viscosity, in circular and linear configurations. The model predictions and the experimental results show excellent agreement. Commonwealth Scholarship Commission, St. John's college, University of Cambridge.

Electrical insulation design and evaluation of 60 kV prototype condenser cone bushing for the superconducting equipment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shin, Woo-Ju; Lee, Jong-Geon; Hwang, Jae-Sang; Seong, Jae-Kyu; Lee, Bang-Wook

2013-01-01

Highlights: •The optimum design of condenser cone cryogenic bushing was investigated. •Multi-layer aluminum foils in the bushing insulation body was designed and analyzed. •The optimum electric field distribution was selected by simulation. •The 60 kV FRP condenser cone cryogenic bushing was fabricated and tested. •BIL test corresponding to IEC 60137 was successfully performed for the bushing. -- Abstract: A cryogenic bushing is an essential component to be developed for commercial applications of high voltage (HV) superconducting devices. Due to the steep temperature gradient of the ambient of cryogenic bushing, general gas bushing adopting SF6 gas as an insulating media could not be directly used due to the freezing of SF6 gas. Therefore, condenser type bushing with special material considering cryogenic environment would be better choice for superconducting equipment. Considering these circumstance, we focused on the design of condenser bushing made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP). In case of the design of the condenser bushing, it is very important to reduce the electric field intensification on the mounted flange part of the cryostat, which is the most vulnerable part of bushings. In this paper, design factors of cryogenic bushing were analyzed, and finally 60 kV condenser bushing was fabricated and tested. In order to achieve optimal electric field configuration, the configuration of condenser cone was determined using 2D electric field simulation results. Based on the experimental and the analytical works, 60 kV FRP condenser bushing was fabricated. Finally, the fabricated condenser bushing has been tested by applying lightning impulse and AC overvoltage test. From the test results, it was possible to get satisfactory results which confirm the design of cryogenic bushing in cryogenic environment

Electrical insulation design and evaluation of 60 kV prototype condenser cone bushing for the superconducting equipment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shin, Woo-Ju, E-mail: shinwooju@hanyang.ac.kr; Lee, Jong-Geon; Hwang, Jae-Sang; Seong, Jae-Kyu; Lee, Bang-Wook, E-mail: bangwook@hanyang.ac.kr

2013-11-15

Highlights: •The optimum design of condenser cone cryogenic bushing was investigated. •Multi-layer aluminum foils in the bushing insulation body was designed and analyzed. •The optimum electric field distribution was selected by simulation. •The 60 kV FRP condenser cone cryogenic bushing was fabricated and tested. •BIL test corresponding to IEC 60137 was successfully performed for the bushing. -- Abstract: A cryogenic bushing is an essential component to be developed for commercial applications of high voltage (HV) superconducting devices. Due to the steep temperature gradient of the ambient of cryogenic bushing, general gas bushing adopting SF6 gas as an insulating media could not be directly used due to the freezing of SF6 gas. Therefore, condenser type bushing with special material considering cryogenic environment would be better choice for superconducting equipment. Considering these circumstance, we focused on the design of condenser bushing made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP). In case of the design of the condenser bushing, it is very important to reduce the electric field intensification on the mounted flange part of the cryostat, which is the most vulnerable part of bushings. In this paper, design factors of cryogenic bushing were analyzed, and finally 60 kV condenser bushing was fabricated and tested. In order to achieve optimal electric field configuration, the configuration of condenser cone was determined using 2D electric field simulation results. Based on the experimental and the analytical works, 60 kV FRP condenser bushing was fabricated. Finally, the fabricated condenser bushing has been tested by applying lightning impulse and AC overvoltage test. From the test results, it was possible to get satisfactory results which confirm the design of cryogenic bushing in cryogenic environment.

Design of Hydraulic Bushing and Vehicle Testing for Reducing the Judder Vibration

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kim Youngman

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Generally, judder vibration is a low-frequency vibration phenomenon caused by a braking force imbalance that occurs when a vehicle is lightly decelerated within a range of 0.1 to 0.2g at a speed of 120 to 60 km/h. This comes from the change in the brake disk thickness (DTV, which is mainly caused by the side run-out (SRO and thermal deformation. The adoption of hydro-bushing in the low arm G bushings of the vehicle front suspension has been done in order to provide great damping in a particular frequency range (<20Hz in order to prevent this judder vibration from being transmitted to the body. The hydro bushing was formulated using a lumped parameter model. The fluid passage between the two chambers was modelled as a nonlinear element such as an orifice, and its important parameters (resistance, compliance were measured using a simplified experimental setup. The main design parameters are the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the chamber to the fluid passage, the length of the fluid passage, etc., and their optimal design is such that the loss angle is greater than 45 ° in the target frequency range of 10 to 20 Hz. The hydro bushing designed for reducing the judder vibration was prepared for the actual vehicle application test and applied to the actual vehicle test. In this study, the proposed hydro bushing was applied to the G bushing of the low arm of the front suspension system of the vehicle. The loss angle of the manufactured hydro bushing was measured using acceleration signals before and after passing through the bushing. The actual vehicle test was performed on the noise dynamometer for the performance analysis of the judder vibration reduction.

The Bush administration climate proposal: rhetoric and reality

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blanchard, O.

2003-03-01

This paper examines the Bush administration proposal and subsequent actions in terms of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It has four sections. Section one describes the main features of the Bush Administration climate proposal. Section 2 identifies the main underlying factors that shape this proposal. Section 3 rebuts the Administration critique in deciding to reject the Kyoto protocol. Section 4 explores the prospects of the US climate mitigation actions over the next few years. (A.L.B.)

The George W. Bush administration: a new environment?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jalonick, M.C.

2004-05-01

Bush rejection of the Kyoto protocol and refusal to regulate carbon dioxide emissions was one of many moves that has been unpopular with American environmentalists. In the last four years, they have criticized Bush and his administration for pushing changes to clean air law, forestry policy and endangered species laws. The administration has also come under fire for proposals to drill for oil in sensitive lands. These groups have found some potent allies in Congress, including some moderate Republicans, and in the states. Supporters of Bush environmental initiatives, including most Republican congressional leaders, industry groups and conservative organizations, have called his policy balanced and say that he brings a ''common sense'' approach to industry regulation. These two sides have found little in common in the last four years, and have compromised on almost nothing. As a result, the environment, once a bi-partisan issue, has become more and more a polarizing one. (author)

Uruguay 1985-2005: Dimensiones y tensiones de la democracia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yamandú Acosta

2008-07-01

Full Text Available El texto es una aproximación problematizadora a la democracia uruguaya desde su recuperación en 1985 hasta el inicio del primer gobierno de izquierda en 2005. Se expone sobre el sentido de las condiciones posautoritaria y postransicional de la misma, se la caracteriza como democracia de seguridad mercantil en sinergia con la construcción politicista de la misma que, reducida a régimen de gobierno, parece promover una institucionalidad funcional a lo estructural y disfuncional a las necesidades humanas, que mediadas por las sucesivas y coexistentes generaciones de derechos humanos hace a sus dimensiones y tensiones centrales, desde las cuales el protagonismo democratizador de los actores supone articular dinámicamente las relaciones y tensiones entre las instituciones y el sujeto, en una democracia con las singularidades de la dimensión histórica y utópica de la uruguaya, que finalmente se esboza.

Fatigue Analysis of an Outer Bearing Bush of a Kaplan Turbine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Doina Frunzaverde

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The paper presents the fatigue analysis of an outer bearing bush of aKaplan turbine. This outer bush, together with an inner one, bear thepin lever - trunion - blade subassembly of the runner blade operatingmechanism. For modeling and simulation, SolidWorks software is used.

Pauvreté et politique sociale : le bilan des années Bush  Poverty and Public Policy: An Assessment of the Bush Years

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Taoufik Djebali

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Neuf jours après son investiture, G. W. Bush lançait son programme relatif aux Faith-Based Initiatives (FBI, une partie prenante de son « conservatisme compatissant ». Les FBI constituent une rupture avec la tradition monétariste reaganienne, même si elles s’appuient sur le rejet de l’État et la réduction du budget social. Le rôle des FBI est d’aider les organisations caritatives, notamment religieuses, à s’investir davantage dans le travail social.  Le bilan de la politique sociale de G. Bush est plutôt mitigé. La pauvreté a fortement augmenté et les promesses budgétaires en faveur des Faith-Based Organizations n’ont pas été tenues. Pire, les accusations contre les dérives des FBI fusent. L’administration Bush est accusée d’avoir utilisé les FBI et l’argent public pour obtenir des gains politiques et mettre en place un système de financement occulte en faveur des républicains et leurs alliés.Nine days after he was sworn in, Bush launched his social program, the Faith-Based Initiatives (FBI, a major component of his “compassionate conservatism.” The FBI constituted a break with the Reagan monetarist tradition, even if they are motivated by the withdrawal of the State and the reduction of the social budget. The role of the FBI is to help charities, in particular religious organizations, to invest more in social work. On the whole, the social policy implemented during the Bush years is evaluated negatively. Poverty increased rapidly and the financial promises in favor of the Faith-Based Organizations were not kept. Worse, new revelations have been disclosed. The Bush administration is accused of having used the FBI and public money to make political gains and set up an obscure funding system that benefited the Republicans and their political allies.

Contributions on Computer Aided Manufacturing of Drill-Jig Bushings

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vasile Cojocaru

2009-01-01

Full Text Available The paper presents the steps for computer aided manufacturing (CAMof the bushings technological class parts: design of the part in CADsoftware; generation of the parametrical link with MSExcel files; extract of the useful information for the technological design (mass, volume, surfaces; setting of the CNC lathe and necessary tools; programming of the CNC code for manufacturing. Given the large variety of the bushingsshapes and dimensions, the application focused on the jig bushings used in drilling processes.

Conductive core of radiation-resistant high-pressure electric bushing, especially for nuclear technology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zajic, V.

1981-01-01

A radiation-resistant high-pressure electric bushing was developed featuring a conductive core consisting of a hollow moulding. At the point of attachment to the bushing insulator the core moulding is widened, thus forming a ring support of a diameter larger by at least 10% than the diameter of the conductive core cylindrical section. On the outer side of the pressure body the core cavity is narrowed and tightly closed with the conductor. On the side facing the medium of higher pressure, the conductive core is provided with a thread. Core manufacture and connection of the conductor to the bushing is very simple. The bushing can be used for an environment with pressures exceeding 10 MPa. (J.B.)

Conductive core of radiation-resistant high-pressure electric bushing, especially for nuclear technology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zajic, V

1981-09-01

A radiation-resistant high-pressure electric bushing was developed featuring a conductive core consisting of a hollow moulding. At the point of attachment to the bushing insulator the core moulding is widened, thus forming a ring support of a diameter larger by at least 10% than the diameter of the conductive core cylindrical section. On the outer side of the pressure body the core cavity is narrowed and tightly closed with the conductor. On the side facing the medium of higher pressure, the conductive core is provided with a thread. Core manufacture and connection of the conductor to the bushing is very simple. The bushing can be used for an environment with pressures exceeding 10 MPa.

New imperialism and beyond: why the new imperialism will fail and unseat the Bush Administration?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Petri Minkkinen

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Tras los atentados terroristas del 11S de 2001, los Estados Unidos implantaron una política de nuevo imperialismo y de construcción de un nuevo tipo de imperio mundial. Las políticas globales norteamericanas pueden dividirse en economista, cooperativista y reglada por el idealismo Wilsoneano, y el imperialismo Rooseveltiano, basado en un nacionalismo agresivo, militarismo, unilateralismo y governanza global  basada en reglas directas, presencia física y coerción. Las políticas de la administraciones Bush representan esta última vertiente y la Guerra contra el Terror puede ser interpretada como una Primera Guerra Mundial y una guerra civil en los Estados Unidos. Se proclama que un nuevo imperialismo fracasará debido a diversas razones de tipo económica, política, étnica e histórica, y que esta política está debilitando la posición global de Estados Unidos. Al final, se explica cómo en el contexto de una Nueva Contención Pacífica, los ciudadanos norteamericanos y los ciudadanos del resto del mundo pueden utilizar la democracia en contra del nuevo imperialismo y apoyar un cambio de régimen democrático en Estados Unidos, procediendo a la construcción conjunta de un  mundo democrático y justo.________________ABSTRACT:After the terrorist attacks of S-11-2001 the US engaged in the policies of new imperialism and in the construction of a new kind of world-empire. US global policies can be divided in detached, economist, cooperative, rule-based Wilsonian Idealism and Theodore Rooseveltian Imperialism, based on aggressive nationalism, militarism, unilateralism and global governance based on direct rule, physical presence and coercion. The Bush administrations policies represent the latter and the War on Terror and Non-White Others can be seen as a First World War and an Internal Civil War in the US. It is claimed that the new imperialism will fail due to various economic, political, ethical and historical reasons and that this

Simulation of Stress Distribution in a Thick- Walled Bushing Produced by Die-Casting

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pisarek B.P.

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Metallographic investigations and a computer simulation of stresses in a gravity die-casting bushing were performed. Simulation of the casting process, solidification of the thick-walled bushing and calculations of the stress was performed using MAGMA5.3 software. The size variability of phases κII affecting the formation of phase stresses σf, depending on the location of the metallographic test area, was identified. The distribution of thermal σt and shrinkage stresses σs, depending on the location of the control point SC in the bushing's volume, was estimated. Probably the nature of these stresses will change slightly even after machining. This can cause variations in operating characteristics (friction coefficient, wear. Due to the strong inhomogeneity of the stress distribution in the bushing's casting, it is necessary to perform further tests of the possibility to conduct thermal treatment guaranteeing homogenization of the internal stresses in the casting, as well as to introduce changes in the bushing' s construction and the casting technology. The paper presents the continuation of the results of research aimed at identifying the causes of defects in the thick-walled bushing, die-casting made of CuAl10Fe5Ni5Cr aluminium bronze.

Naine kohtub Hundiga - püüne peal / Kaja Kann, Bush Hartshorn

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kann, Kaja, 1973-

2006-01-01

Kanuti Gildi saalis etendub 26.-28. veebr. Kaja Kanni ja Bush Hartshorni lavaduett "Naine ja Hunt". Autorid räägivad, kuidas nad käisid Pärnumaa laantes oma lavaloole õiget tunnetust otsimas. Lisatud andmed Bush Hartshorni kohta

Application of desirability function for optimizing the performance characteristics of carbonitrided bushes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Boby John

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The performance of a product is generally characterized by more than one response variable. Hence the management often faces the problem of simultaneous optimization of many response variables. This study was undertaken to simultaneously optimize the surface hardness and case depth of carbonitrided bushes. Even though lots of literature has been published on various methodologies for tackling the multi-response optimization problem, the simultaneous optimization of heat treated properties of carbonitrided bushes are not reported yet. In this research the effect of four factors and two interactions on surface hardness and case depth of carbontirded bushes were studied using design of experiments. Based on the experimental results, the expected values of the heat treated properties of the bushes were estimated for all possible combination of factors. Then the best combination which, simultaneously optimized the response variables, was arrived at using desirability function. The study showed that the optimum combination obtained through desirability function approach not only minimized the variation around the targets of surface hardness and case depth but also was superior to the ones obtained by optimizing the response variables separately. Moreover this study provides a useful and effective approach to design the production process to manufacture bushes with customer specified surface hardness and case depth targets.

Bush favours research at Pentagon and NIH

CERN Multimedia

MacIlwain, C

2001-01-01

The first budget from George W. Bush increases funding for military research and the NIH, while environmental work is drastically cut. The rest of civilian science funding is essentially frozen (1 page).

The Invasive Buddleja Daviddi (Butterfly Bush)

Science.gov (United States)

Buddleja davidii Franchet (Synonym. Buddleia davidii; common name butterfly bush) is a perennial, semi-deciduous, multi-stemmed shrub that is resident in gardens and disturbed areas. Since its introduction to the United Kingdom from China in the late 1800s, B. davidii has become...

Radiation resistant electrical bushing for high pressures and temperatures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zajic, V; Banyr, J

1980-11-15

The bushing described is characterized by a hollow with a joining member provided inside of at least one of the bushing's electrically conductive core soldered or embedded into a bore in the insulator. Thus, the concentration is limited of the material of the electrically conductive core in the area of the soldered or embedded joint of the support of the electrically conductive core and the insulator, and the resulting force effect is reduced of the difference in thermal dilatations of the materials of the electrically conductive core and the insulator.

Radiation resistant electrical bushing for high pressures and temperatures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zajic, V.; Banyr, J.

1980-01-01

The bushing described is characterized by a hollow with a joining member provided inside of at least one of the bushing's electrically conductive core soldered or embedded into a bore in the insulator. Thus, the concentration is limited of the material of the electrically conductive core in the area of the soldered or embedded joint of the support of the electrically conductive core and the insulator, and the resulting force effect is reduced of the difference in thermal dilatations of the materials of the electrically conductive core and the insulator. (J.B.)

Elecciones en Estados Unidos: Bush contra Kerry

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel Ángel Valverde Loya

2004-12-01

Full Text Available In November 2004, presidential elections took place in the United States. President George W. Bush, a Republican, confronted Democratic candidate John F. Kerry. A very close race was expected, focusing on the economic situation of the country and national security, but it was the latter the one which prevailed during the campaign, even as significant participation was motivated by the issue of “moral values”. It was thought that due to the closeness of the contest, any of the sides could appeal to judicial tribunals, just like four years before. At the end, President Bush achieved a clear victory; both in the popular vote and the electoral college, and his party increased its majorities in both chambers of Congress.

Remarks by president Bush and president Ilves, June 24, 2007 / George W. Bush, Toomas Hendrik Ilves

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Bush, George W., 1946-

2007-01-01

Ameerika Ühendriikide president George W. Bush ja Eesti president Toomas Hendrik Ilves annavad lühiülevaateValge Maja ovaalkabinetis peetud kõnelusest, mille põhiteemadeks olid olukord Afganistanis ja Iraagis, viisavabadus ning küberrünnakud. Vabariigi President töövisiidil Ameerika Ühendriikides 25.-26.06.2007

Rain and contamination tests on HVDC wall bushings with and without RTV coatings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, H.M.; Hall, J.F.; Nellis, C.L.; Low, S.S.; Lorden, D.J.

1991-01-01

In this paper results of tests made to determine the ability of room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber coatings to improve the performance of HVDC wall bushings are described. The behavior of uncoated full scale ± 500 kV wall bushings is first determined in wetting conditions consisting of nonuniform rain and fog with various amounts of pre-deposited surface contamination. Parameters affecting flashover performance, such as polarity, rain conductivity, and contamination severity are discussed. Results of nonuniform rain tests on an RTV coated wall bushing are reported

Bush and Gore Focus on Schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Joiner, Lottie L.

2000-01-01

In the 2000 presidential race, education seems a top priority for Vice-President Al Gore and Texas Governor George W. Bush. Although both candidates are promising billions of federal-aid dollars to raise standards, many believe they are ignoring factors such as student motivation and funding inequities. (MLH)

The Bush Administration's Policy on Haitian Migration

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Baptista, A. L

1995-01-01

... (notably the French and U S Ambassador). Aristide was allowed to leave for exile, setting up a long-running crisis that spanned both the latter half of the Bush Administration and part of the Clinton Administration's tenure The purpose...

The Gore/Bush Records on Higher Education.

Science.gov (United States)

Walters, Ronald

2000-01-01

Compares the records of presidential candidates George W. Bush and Al Gore on higher education issues and, specifically, those of interest to the Black community. Concludes that Al Gore's record makes him an overall better choice in the 2000 campaign. (DB)

Energy and Climate Change. The Policy of the Bush Administration and the American Public Debate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Noel, Pierre; Reiner, David

2008-01-01

In its oil and energy security policy, the Bush Administration has shown a willingness to serve industrial and regional interests while relying on rhetoric of crisis - energy crisis and national security crisis. The 'Bush energy plan' of stimulating internal energy production by weakening environmental and other regulations has failed politically. In climate change policy, the Bush Administration decided not to sign the Kyoto protocol as well as not to regulate greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S. This policy has had far reaching adverse consequences for the Bush Administration, in both domestic and foreign politics. The Administration has failed at making its technology-only approach accepted as a credible alternative to regulating emissions

Does the Bush Administration's climate policy mean climate protection?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blanchard, Odile; Perkaus, James F.

2004-01-01

The paper analyzes the two major components of the Bush Administration's climate policy, namely an emission intensity target and a technology strategy. The question is whether those components will generate net emission reductions that will contribute to the stabilization of the greenhouse gas concentration at a safe level in the long run. It comes out that the Bush Administration climate policy does not guarantee any meaningful contribution to climate protection. The lenient emission intensity target set by the Administration will most likely allow near term emissions to grow. In the long run, the Bush Administration places a big bet on future climate-friendly technological breakthroughs to cost-effectively compensate for the current and near term net emission increases. But the outcomes of those technological developments are uncertain in terms of emission reduction potential, cost, and timing. The way towards enhanced climate protection will most likely not come from the policies of the current Administration, but rather from the growing concern about the climate issue in Congress and at the state, corporate and civil society levels. These combined forces may raise the playing field at the federal level in the near future

Método de determinación de unos parámetros reológicos simples de una formulación epoxi para el estudio de las tensiones originadas en el curado de una capa delgada de dicha formulación adherida a un sustrato rígido

OpenAIRE

Albajar Molera, Luis

1982-01-01

Cuando sobre sustrato, hormigón, acero, etcétera, aplicamos una capa delgada de formulación epoxi aparecen, como consecuencia de la retracción de reticulación y de su distinta dilatación y contracción térmica, una serie de tensiones, que en ocasiones pueden producir figuración, sobre todo en el caso de sustrato de hormigón. Su estudio plantea la dificultad del conocimiento de las propiedades teológicas de la formulación epoxi a lo largo de estos procesos, conocimiento en que concentramos nues...

La politique commerciale de George W. Bush : rupture ou continuité ? American Trade Policy under George W. Bush: Continuity or Change?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jean-Baptiste Velut

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Cet article se propose de dresser un bilan critique de la politique commerciale du Président George W. Bush. Dans un premier temps, il compare les perspectives idéologiques et les ambitions politiques du leader républicain à celles de son prédécesseur démocrate, Bill Clinton, avant de mettre l’accent sur les nouvelles données du contexte politique et économique des années 2000. Ces éléments introductifs serviront de fondations, d’une part, pour l’étude de la gestion des relations commerciales entre les États-Unis et leurs principaux partenaires économiques, et d’autre part pour l’analyse de la stratégie de « libéralisation compétitive » adoptée par George W. Bush aux niveaux multilatéral, régional et bilatéral. L’objectif est double : déterminer les lignes de rupture et de continuité entre le président républicain et son prédécesseur ; et établir un bilan des principales initiatives commerciales lancées par l’administration Bush dans le but de mieux comprendre les nouveaux défis intérieurs et internationaux auxquels son successeur sera confronté.This article offers a critical assessment of American trade policy under George W. Bush. It begins by comparing his views and political ambitions with those of his Democratic predecessor, Bill Clinton, before highlighting the new political and economic context of the 2000s. These elements provide crucial background, first to study the evolution of America’s relations with its top trading partners and second to analyze the strategy of “competitive liberalization” undertaken by the administration at the multilateral, regional and bilateral levels. This article has two objectives: 1 determining trends of continuity and change between George W. Bush and his predecessor; 2 assessing the trade policy initiatives undertaken by the Republican administration in order to understand the domestic and international challenges with which the next President

George Bush peab sõjalist jõudu viimaseks valikuks / George W. Bush ; interv. Kaarel Kaas

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Bush, George W., 1946-

2005-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Põhjarannik 7. mai 2005, lk. 2, Severnoje Poberezhje 7. mai, 2005, lk. 2. USA president George Bush andis 5. mail Valges Majas intervjuu kuuele Euroopa ajakirjanikule. 9. mai pidustustest Moskvas, USA-Läti, Venemaa-Balti riikide suhetest, demokraatiast Venemaal, Ameerika Ühendriikide ning Baltimaade viisarežiimist, vabaduse mõistestst, kinnipeetavate kohtlemisest Guantanamo sõjaväebaasis, relvade kasutamise vajadusest, terrorismist. Vt. samas: Kuidas usutlus võimalikuks sai

[Soil basal respiration and enzyme activities in the root-layer soil of tea bushes in a red soil].

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Shen; He, Zhenli; Zhang, Rongguang; Chen, Guochao; Huang, Changyong

2003-02-01

Soil basal respiration potential, metabolic quotient (qCO2), and activities of urease, invertase and acid phosphomonoesterase were investigated in the root-layer of 10-, 40-, and 90-yr-old tea bushes grown on the same type of red soil. The soil daily basal respiration potential ranged from 36.23 to 58.52 mg.kg-1.d-1, and the potentials in the root-layer of 40- or 90-yr-old were greater than that of 10-yr old tea bushes. The daily qCO2, ranging from 0.30 to 0.68, was in the reverse trend. The activities of test three enzymes changed differently with tea bushes' age. Urease activity in the root-layer of all age tea bushes ranged from 41.48 to 47.72 mg.kg-1.h-1 and slightly decreased with tea bushes' age. Invertase activity was 189.29-363.40 mg.kg-1.h-1 and decreased with tea bushes' age, but its activity in the root-layer of 10-year old tea bushes was significantly greater than that in the root-layer soil of 40- or 90-year old tea bushes. Acid phosphomonoesterase activity (444.22-828.32 mg.kg-1.h-1) increased significantly with tea bushes' age. Soil basal respiration potential, qCO2 and activities of 3 soil enzymes were closely related to soil pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and C/N ratio, total soluble phenol, and microbial biomass carbon, respectively.

Mould and mycotoxin exposure assessment of melon and bush mango seeds, two common soup thickeners consumed in Nigeria.

Science.gov (United States)

Ezekiel, Chibundu N; Sulyok, Michael; Somorin, Yinka; Odutayo, Foluke I; Nwabekee, Stella U; Balogun, Afeez T; Krska, Rudolf

2016-11-21

An examination of the mould and fungal metabolite pattern in melon and bush mango seeds locally produced in Nigeria was undertaken in order to understand the mycotoxicological risk posed to consumers of both of these important and commonly consumed soup thickeners. The variation in mycotoxin levels in graded categories of both foodstuffs were also determined. Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Mucorales and Trichoderma were the recovered fungi from the foodstuffs with Aspergillus species dominating (melon=97.8%; bush mango=89.9%). Among the Aspergillus species identified Aspergillus section Flavi dominated (melon: 72%; bush mango: 57%) and A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. parvisclerotigenus and A. tamarii were the recovered species. About 56% and 73% of the A. flavus isolates from melon and bush mango seed samples, respectively were aflatoxigenic. Thirty-four and 59 metabolites including notable mycotoxins were found in the melon and bush mango seeds respectively. Mean aflatoxin levels (μg/kg) in melon (aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 )=37.5 and total aflatoxins=142) and bush mango seeds (AFB 1 =68.1 and total aflatoxins=61.7) were higher than other mycotoxins, suggesting potential higher exposure for consumer populations. Significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of mycotoxins were found in hand-peeled melon and discoloured bush mango seeds than in machine-peeled melon and non-discoloured seeds except for HT-2 and T-2 toxins which occurred conversely. All melon and bush mango seeds exceeded the 2μg/kg AFB 1 limit whereas all melon and 55% of bush mango seeds exceeded the 4μg/kg total aflatoxin EU limit adopted in Nigeria. This is the first report of (1) mycotoxin co-occurrence in bush mango seeds, (2) cyclopiazonic acid, HT-2 toxin, moniliformin, mycophenolic acid, T-2 toxin and tenuazonic acid occurrence, and (3) mycotoxin exposure assessment of both foodstuffs. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Dilemas y tensiones en torno al Trabajo Social en ciudad de La Plata en los primeros setenta

OpenAIRE

Arrúa, Néstor Nicolás

2016-01-01

En este trabajo buscaremos dar cuenta de los debates intelectuales y tensiones políticas en torno al Trabajo Social en los espacios de formación profesional de gestión pública en tiempos de una acelerada politización de sectores juveniles de las clases medias. Nos hemos circunscrito a los debates intelectuales en relación a los significados de la disciplina, en torno a los intentos de presentar una definición y moviliza fuerzas y tensiones en los distintos colectivos profesionales. Abordaremo...

77 FR 27253 - Proposed Collection, Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Grant Program Evaluation

Science.gov (United States)

2012-05-09

... Century Librarian Grant Program Evaluation AGENCY: Institute of Museum and Library Services, National... evaluate and make improvements to the Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian (LB21) Grant Program. The... proposes clearance of the Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Grant Program Evaluation. The 60-day Notice for...

Bush kutsub ühte hoidma / Kaivo Kopli

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kopli, Kaivo

2004-01-01

USA president George W. Bush kutsus liitlasriike hoidma oma väeüksusi Iraagis. Hispaania tulevane peaminister Jose Luis Rodriquez Zapatero lubas Hispaania sõjaväelased Iraagist ära tuua, kui operatsioonide juhtimine ei lähe USA-lt üle ÜRO-le. Vt. samas: Rumsfeld: hispaanlaste asemele tulevad teised

The Invasive Shrub, Buddleja davidii (Butterfl y Bush)

Science.gov (United States)

Buddleja davidii Franchet (Synonym. Buddleia davidii; common name Butterfly bush) is a perennial, semi-deciduous shrub or small multi-stemmed tree that is resident in gardens and disturbed areas in temperate locations worldwide. Since its introduction to the United Kingdom from c...

Budgets come first as Bush chooses NASA head

CERN Multimedia

Schrope, M

2001-01-01

President Bush has nominated a budget expert with no aerospace or scientific background as the agency's administrator. Sean O'Keefe, formerly scrutinized overspending in the International Space Station programme. If appointed, he will have to implement reforms he himself recommended (1/2 page).

Economic efficiency of the use of the bush vegetation from slopes of the ameliorative canals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Titov, V.N.

2009-01-01

The results of calculations of the economic efficiency of the use of the bush vegetation from slopes of the ameliorative canals for fuel and energy purposes has been presented. The two variants of disposal of bushes are considered burning and conversion into fuel chips. (authors)

Greaseless Bushings for Hydropower Applications: Program, Testing, and Results

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Jones, John

1999-01-01

...) bushings at its hydropower and navigation facilities. Products of this type currently on the market, however, were not specifically developed for the high-load, low-speed oscillating operating conditions typical for power-generation machinery...

Morphological Characterization of African Bush Mango trees (Irvingia species) in the Dahomey Gap (West Africa)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vihotogbe, R.; Berg, van den R.G.; Sosef, M.S.M.

2013-01-01

The variation of the morphological characters of bitter and sweet African bush mango trees (Irvingia species) was investigated in the Dahomey Gap which is the West African savannah woodland area separating the Upper and the Lower Guinean rain forest blocks. African bush mangoes have been rated as

Bush skazal ne sovsem to, tshto skazal

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

USA abivälisminister Euroopa ja Euraasia küsimustes Daniel Fried teatas, et NATO riigid toetavad Gruusia, Moldova ja Aserbaidžaani territoriaalset terviklikkust, kuid ei luba neil seda taastada relva abil. Abiminister selgitab, mida pidas USA president George W. Bush silmas, kui ta avaldas Riia tippkohtumisel toetust Gruusiale tema püüdlustes liituda NATO-ga

Bush asub uue Iraagi-poliitikaga vigu parandama / Kaivo Kopli

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kopli, Kaivo

2007-01-01

USA president George W. Bush tutvustas uut Iraagi-strateegiat. Iraaki saadetakse paarkümmend tuhat USA sõdurit, küsitluse andmeil on 61% ameeriklastest lisasõdurite saatmise vastu. Lisa: USA plaanid Iraagis ja Iraagiga

Modelo biopsicossocial e formulação comportamental: compreendendo a cefaléia do tipo tensional Modelo biopsicosocial y formulación comportamental: comprendiendo la cefalea del tipo tensional The bio-psychosocial model and behavioral formulation: understanding the tension-type headache

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Mayon Neiva Flores

2008-03-01

Full Text Available A cefaléia do tipo tensional constitui um tipo freqüente de dor de cabeça, que tende a ocasionar uma série de comportamentos de evitação, com prejuízos físicos, sociais e psicológicos aos indivíduos afetados. O presente trabalho descreve algumas contribuições do modelo biopsicossocial de saúde para a compreensão da cefaléia do tipo tensional, descreve os tratamentos mais freqüentemente oferecidos e discute as vantagens de modalidades terapêuticas que utilizam a formulação comportamental. Destaca-se a relevância da consideração de fatores psicossociais presentes nas formas mais comuns de evolução da cefaléia do tipo tensional, o que contribui para a elaboração de planos de tratamento mais eficientes e coerentes com uma proposta realmente sistêmica e idiográfica.La cefalea del tipo tensional constituye un tipo frecuente de dolor de cabeza, que tiene la tendencia a ocasionar una serie de comportamientos de evitación, con daños físicos, sociales y psicológicos a los individuos afectados. El presente trabajo describe algunas contribuciones del modelo biopsicosocial de salud para la comprensión de la cefalea del tipo tensional, describe los tratamientos más frecuentemente ofrecidos y discute las ventajas de modalidades terapéuticas que utilizan la formulación comportamental. Se destaca la relevancia de la consideración de factores psicosociales presentes en las formas más comunes de evolución de la cefalea del tipo tensional, lo que contribuye para la elaboración de planes de tratamiento más eficientes y coherentes con una propuesta realmente sistémica e idiográfica.Tension-type headache are a frequent source of complaints in health assistance units. It tends to cause avoidance behaviors with adverse consequences in physical, psychological and social aspects. Contributions from the Bio-Psychosocial perspective are described for a better understanding of the tension-type headache problem. Study also analyzes

Methods and techniques for obtaining significant discharge measurements on high-voltage bushings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jolley, H E.W.

1965-05-01

Forms of discharge tests are described and compared. The use of the Arman and Starr discharge bridge with cathode-ray-tube display is shown to be practicable for bushing testing up to 600 kV. Spurious discharge effects and the precautions necessary to eliminate them are discussed. Consideration is given to calibration methods and to the errors to be expected with various practical circuits. The problem of establishing safe discharge limits for bushings is considered on the basis of a large number of test results and on service experience.

Prosperity against ecology? The environment in the America of G.W. Bush

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Delbard, O.

2006-03-01

The author analysis replaces the Bush administration positions in their socio-cultural context and shows the two faces of the USA, the choice of the prosperity facing the ecology and in parallel a country of many free spaces with powerful groups for the environment preservation. After a presentation of the Bush policy in favor of the prosperity facing the environment, he shows the initiatives of movements in favor of the ecology and the environment, and concludes on the today mutations of the public opinion and some enterprises in theses domains. (A.L.B.)

Boumediene v. Bush: Guantanamo Detainees' Right to Habeas Corpus

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Garcia, Michael J

2008-01-01

In the consolidated cases of Boumediene v. Bush and Al Odah v. United States, decided June 12, 2008, the Supreme Court held in a 5-4 opinion that aliens designated as enemy combatants and detained at the U.S...

Bush animal attacks: management of complex injuries in a resource-limited setting

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mitchell Katrina B

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Though animal-related injuries and fatalities have been documented throughout the world, the variety of attacks by wild animals native to rural East Africa are less commonly described. Given the proximity of our northwestern Tanzania hospital to Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika, and the Serengeti National Park, and presentation of several patients attacked by bush animals and suffering a variety of complex injuries, we sought to report the pattern of attacks and surgical management in a resource-limited setting. Materials and methods Four patients who were admitted to the northwestern Tanzania tertiary referral hospital, Bugando Medical Centre (BMC, in 2010-2011 suffered attacks by different bush animals: hyena, elephant, crocodile, and vervet monkey. These patients were triaged as trauma patients in the Casualty Ward, then admitted for inpatient monitoring and treatment. Their outcomes were followed to discharge. Results The age and gender of the patients attacked was variable, though all but the pediatric patient were participating in food gathering or guarding activities in rural locations at the time of the attacks. All patients required surgical management of their injuries, which included debridement and closure of wounds, chest tube insertion, amputation, and external fixation of an extremity fracture. All patients survived and were discharged home. Discussion Though human injuries secondary to encounters with undomesticated animals such as cows, moose, and camel are reported, they often are indirect traumas resulting from road traffic collisions. Snake attacks are well documented and common. However, this series of unique bush animal attacks describes the initial and surgical management of human injuries in the resource-limited setting of the developing world. Conclusion Animal attacks are common throughout the world, but their pattern may vary in Africa throughout jungle and bush environmental settings. It is

Allergenic sesquiterpene lactones from cushion bush (Leucophyta brownii Cass.)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Paulsen, Evy; Gade Hyldgaard, Mette; Andersen, Klaus E.

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND: The Australian cushion bush (Leucophyta brownii) of the Compositae family of plants has become a popular pot and container plant. The plant produces the sesquiterpene lactone allergen calocephalin. OBJECTIVES: To assess the sensitizing potential of sesquiterpene lactones from cushion ...

Comparing damage on retrieved total elbow replacement bushings with lab worn specimens subjected to varied loading conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Willing, Ryan

2018-01-09

Complication rates following total elbow replacement (TER) with conventional implants are relatively high due to mechanical failure involving the UHMWPE bushings. Unfortunately, there are no standardized pre-clinical durability testing protocols for assessing the durability of TER components. This study examines the damage observed on retrieved humeral bushings, and then uses in vitro durability testing with two different loading protocols to compare resulting damage. Damage on 25 pairs of retrieved humeral bushings was characterized using micro-computed tomographic imaging techniques. The damage was compared with that of in vitro test specimens which were subjected to 200 K cycles of either high joint reaction force (high JRF) or high varus moment (high VM) loading. Material removal (mass loss) from bushing components was measured using gravimetric techniques. Thinning was less for retrieved bushings which were still assembled in their humeral component, versus bushings which were loose (0.3 ± 0.3 mm vs. 0.6 ± 0.3 mm, p = 0.02). Comparing in vitro test specimens, thinning due to high VM loading was 0.9 ± 0.3 mm, versus 0.2 ± 0.0 mm for high JRF loading (p = 0.08); however, the actual material removal rates from the humeral bushings were not different between the two protocols (48 ± 5 mm 3 /Mc vs. 43 ± 2 mm 3 /Mc, p = 1). Neither loading protocol could produce damage patterns fully representative of the spectrum of damage patterns observed on clinical retrievals. Pre-clinical testing should employ multiple loading protocols to characterize implant performance under a broader spectrum of usage. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Development of Bushing Compounds for Tracked Vehicles

Science.gov (United States)

1990-10-01

unwanted stepchild - part of called anti patented NBR -12 formulation the family (system), but devoid of needed indicated that service life could be...as Development and Engineering Center’s long. Bushings currently used in the M I track Rubber and Coated Fabrics Research Group assembly typically fail...formulations of should be improved. Numerous selected candidate natural rubber , propylene formulations-based on natural rubber , oxide, and silicone

Americium/curium bushing melter drain tests

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, M.E.; Hardy, B.J.; Smith, M.E.

1997-01-01

Americium and curium were produced in the past at the Savannah River Site (SRS) for research, medical, and radiological applications. They have been stored in a nitric acid solution in an SRS reprocessing facility for a number of years. Vitrification of the americium/curium (Am/Cm) solution will allow the material to be safely stored or transported to the DOE Oak Ridge Reservation. Oak Ridge is responsible for marketing radionuclides for research and medical applications. The bushing melter technology being used in the Am/Cm vitrification research work is also under consideration for the stabilization of other actinides such as neptunium and plutonium. A series of melter drain tests were conducted at the Savannah River Technology Center to determine the relationship between the drain tube assembly operating variables and the resulting pour initiation times, glass flowrates, drain tube temperatures, and stop pour times. Performance criteria such as ability to start and stop pours in a controlled manner were also evaluated. The tests were also intended to provide support of oil modeling of drain tube performance predictions and thermal modeling of the drain tube and drain tube heater assembly. These drain tests were instrumental in the design of subsequent melter drain tube and drain tube heaters for the Am/Cm bushing melter, and therefore in the success of the Am/Cm vitrification and plutonium immobilization programs

BUDDLEJA DAVIDII (BUTTERFLY BUSH): A GROWING THREAT TO RIPARIA?

Science.gov (United States)

Buddleja davidii, an Asian shrub or small tree (family Buddlejaceae; commonly referred to as Butterfly bush) is found in the United States, New Zealand, Australia, and Europe as a popular ornamental and an aggressive invasive that has become widespread in floodplains, riverbeds, ...

Response of total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of bush

African Journals Online (AJOL)

user

OF BUSH TEA AND SPECIAL TEA USING DIFFERENT SELECTED. EXTRACTION ... 3,3'digallate and caffeine). Tea leaves have ..... Effects of solvent extraction on phenolic content and ... Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,.

The Second Administration of George W. Bush and U.S.-Russia Relations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rybalko Olga

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This article is devoted to the analysis of changes in the U.S.-Russia relationships during the presidency of George W. Bush and to the detection of the origins of these changes. The attention is paid to conceptual foreign policy views of the most influential members of administration. The renewal of staff in U.S. administration was one of the important factors of toughening the Russian course of the American foreign policy. At the beginning of the second presidency of George Bush the ratio of forces in the American Congress changed. Opposition forces received the majority in the Congress. This circumstance became the other reason of change of the U.S.-Russia relationships. The bilateral relations during the specified period were complicated by aspiration of the USA to strengthen the influence on the territories of the Post-Soviet states. It caused discontent of Moscow. At the same time, some aspects of the Russian-Iranian nuclear cooperation caused criticism of Washington. The role of personal diplomacy is noted as a factor of forming bilateral relations. During the second term of the presidency of George W. Bush this factor didn't lose its value in comparison with the first term. The article gives the assessment of work of the Bush’s second administration at the Russian direction. The author notes the American focus on the strategy of “selective partnership” with Russia. The conclusion is drawn on George Bush's aspiration to preservation of balance in the U.S.-Russia relations under the conditions of increasing strains.

Bush encroachment monitoring using multi-temporal Landsat data and random forests

Science.gov (United States)

Symeonakis, E.; Higginbottom, T.

2014-11-01

It is widely accepted that land degradation and desertification (LDD) are serious global threats to humans and the environment. Around a third of savannahs in Africa are affected by LDD processes that may lead to substantial declines in ecosystem functioning and services. Indirectly, LDD can be monitored using relevant indicators. The encroachment of woody plants into grasslands, and the subsequent conversion of savannahs and open woodlands into shrublands, has attracted a lot of attention over the last decades and has been identified as a potential indicator of LDD. Mapping bush encroachment over large areas can only effectively be done using Earth Observation (EO) data and techniques. However, the accurate assessment of large-scale savannah degradation through bush encroachment with satellite imagery remains a formidable task due to the fact that on the satellite data vegetation variability in response to highly variable rainfall patterns might obscure the underlying degradation processes. Here, we present a methodological framework for the monitoring of bush encroachment-related land degradation in a savannah environment in the Northwest Province of South Africa. We utilise multi-temporal Landsat TM and ETM+ (SLC-on) data from 1989 until 2009, mostly from the dry-season, and ancillary data in a GIS environment. We then use the machine learning classification approach of random forests to identify the extent of encroachment over the 20-year period. The results show that in the area of study, bush encroachment is as alarming as permanent vegetation loss. The classification of the year 2009 is validated yielding low commission and omission errors and high k-statistic values for the grasses and woody vegetation classes. Our approach is a step towards a rigorous and effective savannah degradation assessment.

Baltic leaders jockey with Bush to get their message across

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

USA president George Bush lubas pärast kõnelemist Mart Laari ning Vaira Vike-Freibergaga arutada kohtumisel president Vladimir Putiniga suhteid Venemaa ja Balti riikide vahel. Lisa: Vladimir Putini arvamus Molotovi-Ribbentropi pakti kohta

Bushes of vibrational modes for Fermi-Pasta-Ulam chains

Science.gov (United States)

Chechin, G. M.; Novikova, N. V.; Abramenko, A. A.

2002-06-01

Some exact solutions and multimode invariant submanifolds were found for the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU)- β model by Poggi and Ruffo [Physica D 103 (1997) 251]. In the present paper we demonstrate how results of such a type can be obtained for an arbitraryN-particle chain with periodic boundary conditions with the aid of our group-theoretical approach [Physica D 117 (1998) 43] based on the concept of bushes of normal modes in mechanical systems with discrete symmetry. The integro-differential equation describing the FPU- α dynamics in the modal space is derived. The loss of stability of the bushes of modes for the FPU- α model, in particular, for the limiting case N→∞ for the dynamical regime with displacement pattern having period twice the lattice spacing ( π-mode) is studied. Our results for the FPU- α chain are compared with those by Poggi and Ruffo for the FPU- β chain.

Oliver Stone : "Bush oli paadialune!" / Oliver Stone ; interv. Margit Tõnson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Stone, Oliver

2008-01-01

Kreekas, Thessaloniki filmifestivalil antud intervjuu. Festivalil linastus režissööri mängufilm "W", mille peaosas George Bush jun. (mängib Josh Brolin). Lisaks filmist : ""W" - ümbersündinud mehe kentsakas portree"

Relación entre cefalea tensional y disfunción familiar en una unidad de medicina familiar Relation of tension headache and family dysfunction in a family medicine unit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Octavio Carvajal Rivera

2009-03-01

Full Text Available La cefalea tensional es la forma más frecuente de cefalea primaria. Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de estimar si existe asociación entre cefalea tensional y disfunción familiar. 60 pacientes evaluaron sus familias a través del cuestionario FF-SIL de funcionamiento familiar. La cefalea tensional fue más frecuente en miembros de familias disfuncionales que en aquellos que provenían de familias funcionales (p=.028. Fueron frecuentes las manifestaciones clínicas relacionadas con estrés postraumático en el paciente problema, existe un complejo y conflictual ambiente familiar que incluye a estos enfermos, lo que nos sugiere el uso de los recursos de la familia como opción terapéutica aún pobremente explorada.Tension headache is the more frequent presentation of primary cephalagia. Aim of this paper is to estimate if there is an association between tension headache and familial dysfunction. Sixty patients evaluated their families by through FF-SIL questionnaire of familial performance. Tension headache was more frequent in members of dysfunctional families than in those from functional families (p = .028. Clinical manifestations related to post-traumatic stress were frequent, there is a familial complex and difficult environment including these sick persons, suggesting us the use of family resources as therapeutical option not very explored yet.

Assessing the Debt: George W. Bush's Legacy and the Future of Public Education under Barack Obama

Science.gov (United States)

Means, Alex; Taylor, Kendall

2010-01-01

This article utilizes Gloria Ladson-Billings' notion of educational debt in order to explore the historical, economic, and cultural politics of education reform under George W. Bush and Barack Obama. It tracks the No Child Left Behind Act across a number of fields in order to claim that Bush's expansion of the educational debt should be understood…

Age determination in the bush squirrel, Paraxerus cepapi cepapi ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Tooth eruption and wear, measurements of skulls, eye-lens mass determination and different aspects of phallic morphology were used in an attempt at age classification in the bush squirrel, Paraxerus c. cepapi. The first method proved the most practical and allowed for three immature and three adult age classes.

George W. Bush's Post-September 11 Rhetoric of Covenant Renewal: Upholding the Faith of the Greatest Generation

Science.gov (United States)

Bostdorff, Denise M.

2003-01-01

The appeal of Bush's post-September 11 discourse lies in its similarities with the Puritan rhetoric of covenant renewal by which ministers brought second- and third-generation Puritans into the church. Through this epideictic discourse, Bush implored younger Americans to uphold the national covenant of their "elders," the World War II generation,…

The economics of landscape restoration: Benefits of controlling bush encroachment and invasive plant species in South Africa and Namibia

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Stafford, William

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Bush encroachment and alien plant invasions alter the composition and/or balance of species in natural ecosystems and impact biodiversity, land productivity and water availability. Therefore, the appropriate control and management of bush...

Systematic notes on Asian birds. 1. A review of the russet bush-warbler Bradypterus seebohmi (Ogilvie-Grant, 1895)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dickinson, E.C.; Rasmussen, P.C.; Round, P.D.; Rozendaal, F.G.

2000-01-01

The bush-warbler Bradypterus mandelli (Brooks, 1875) was described from Sikkim, and numerous specimens from India were identified with it, but it was synonymised with the brown bush-warbler Bradypterus luteoventris (Hodgson, 1845) in 1881. In 1952, east Asian populations were grouped under the name

Neotropical Zoonotic Parasites in Bush Dogs (Speothos venaticus) from Upper Paraná Atlantic Forests in Misiones, Argentina.

Science.gov (United States)

Vizcaychipi, Katherina A; Rinas, Miguel; Irazu, Lucia; Miyagi, Adriana; Argüelles, Carina F; DeMatteo, Karen E

2016-10-01

Wildlife remains an important source of zoonotic diseases for the most vulnerable groups of humans, primarily those living in rural areas or coexisting with forest. The Upper Paraná Atlantic forest of Misiones, Argentina is facing ongoing environmental and anthropogenic changes, which affect the local biodiversity, including the bush dog (Speothos venaticus), a small canid considered Near Threatened globally and Endangered locally. This project aimed to expand the knowledge of zoonotic parasites present in the bush dog and the potential implications for human health and conservation medicine. From May to August 2011, a detection dog located 34 scats that were genetically confirmed as bush dog and georeferenced to northern Misiones. Of these 34 scats, 27 had sufficient quantity that allowed processing for zoonotic parasites using morphological (sedimentation and flotation) and antigen (coproantigen technique) analyses. Within these 27 scats, we determined that the parasitic prevalence was 63.0% (n = 17) with 8 (47.1%) having mixed infections with 2-4 parasitic genera. No significant differences (p > 0.05) between sampling areas, sex, and parasite taxa were found. We were able to summarize the predominant nematodes (Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, and Lagochilascaris spp.), cestodes (Taenia spp. and Spirometra spp.), and apicomplexa (Cystoisospora caninum) found in these bush dogs. With the copro-ELISA technique, 14.8% (n = 4) of the samples were positive for Echinococcus spp. This study represents the first comprehensive study about parasitic fauna with zoonotic potential in the free-ranging bush dog. This information combined with the innovative set of techniques used to collect the samples constitute a valuable contribution that can be used in control programs, surveillance of zoonotic diseases, and wildlife conservation, both regionally and across the bush dog's broad distribution.

BUSH: A computer code for calculating steady state heat transfer in LWR rod bundles under accident conditions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shepherd, I.M.

1982-01-01

The computer code BUSH has been developed for the calculation of steady state heat transfer in a rod bundle. For a given power, flow and geometry it can calculate the temperatures in the rods, coolant and shroud assuming that at any axial level each rod can be described by one temperature and the coolant fluid is also radially uniform at this level. Heat transfer by convection and radiation are handled and the geometry is flexible enough to model nearly all types of envisaged shroud design for the SUPERSARA test series. The modular way in which BUSH has been written makes it suitable for future development, either within the present BUSH framework or as part of a more advanced code

Prototype high voltage bushing: Configuration to its operational demonstration

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shah, Sejal, E-mail: sshah@iter-india.org [ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428 (India); Sharma, D. [Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428 (India); Parmar, D.; Tyagi, H.; Joshi, K.; Shishangiya, H.; Bandyopadhyay, M.; Rotti, C.; Chakraborty, A. [ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428 (India)

2016-12-15

High Voltage Bushing (HVB) is the key component of Diagnostic Neutral Beam (DNB) system of ITER as it provides access to high voltage electrical, hydraulic, gas and diagnostic feedlines to the beam source with isolation from grounded vessel. HVB also provides primary vacuum confinement for the DNB system. Being Safety Important Class (SIC) component of ITER, it involves several configurational, technological and operational challenges. To ensure its operational performance & reliability, particularly electrostatic behavior, half scale down Prototype High Voltage Bushing (PHVB) is designed considering same design criteria of DNB HVB. Design optimization has been carried out followed by finite element (FE) analysis to obtain DNB HVB equivalent electric stress on different parts of PHVB, taking into account all design, manufacturing & space constraints. PHVB was tested up to 60 kV without breakdown, which validates its design for the envisaged operation of 50 kV DC. This paper presents the design of PHVB, FEA validation, manufacturing constraints, experimental layout with interfacing auxiliary systems and operational results related to functional performance.

Grow tubes change microclimate and bush architecture but have little effect on bush biomass allocation at the end of the establishment year in blueberry

Science.gov (United States)

Microclimate variables were integrated over a six-month period during which blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum cv. Liberty) bushes were grown in 51-cm high, 20-cm diameter round grow tubes (opaque or translucent) on a sawdust mulch-covered raised bed with the mulch incorporated into tilled soil. Grow t...

Self-orthogonal codes from some bush-type Hadamard matrices ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

By means of a construction method outlined by Harada and Tonchev, we determine some non-binary self-orthogonal codes obtained from the row span of orbit matrices of Bush-type Hadamard matrices that admit a xed-point-free and xed-block-free automorphism of prime order. We show that the code [20; 15; 4]5 obtained ...

Bush annab kinga kindralitele Iraagis, vahetub ka luurejuht / Kaivo Kopli

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kopli, Kaivo

2007-01-01

Vaatlejate hinnangul esitab president Bush uue Iraagi-strateegia, mis näeb ette lisaks kuni 20 000 sõjaväelase Iraaki saatmist ning muudatusi sõjalises juhtkonnas. Ametist lahkuvad Iraagis vägesid juhatav kindral George Casey ning Iraagi ja Afganistani operatsioonide üldjuht John Abizaid

Creosote bush lignans for human disease treatment and prevention: Perspectives on combination therapy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

John Gnabre

2015-07-01

Full Text Available The medicinal properties of the most successful plant in the deserts of the western hemisphere, the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata, are evidenced by the long traditional usage of the plants by the Native Americans Indian tribes in Southwestern North America and the Amerindians from South America. The plant is rich in simple bisphenyl lignans and tricyclic lignans known as cyclolignans. These compounds are responsible for many of the pharmacological activities of extracts of the plants. Some of these activities, namely antiherpes, antioxidant, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory, were known a century ago. Only recently have further studies revealed other crucial activities of the same plant molecules as powerful agents against human immunodeficiency virus, human papillomavirus, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and symptoms of aging. Molecular mechanisms underlying the antiviral and anticancer activities have been elucidated and involve the inhibition of SP1 dependent gene transcription. This review summarizes the recent findings on creosote bush lignans. We introduce the concept of a cocktail of safe well-characterized natural products from the creosote bush that would represent a bridge between oriental herbal medicines and Western drug-based therapies.

3D inverse engineering of a 66 kv substation in tension; Ingenieria inversa 3D de una subestacion de 66 Kv en tension

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garrido Garcia, J.

2012-07-01

the As-Built Documentation of this type of facility required to have procedures and innovative tools to make consistent with obtaining the required details the difficulties of data collection in an installation in tension and the basic criteria cost-benefit optimization.

Beyond Bush: Environmental politics and prospects for US climate policy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harris, Paul G.

2009-01-01

The United States was a pioneer in domestic environmental lawmaking, and it was a leader in international environmental cooperation in the final decades of the last century. During the current decade, however, it has moved away from cooperating with other states in finding new ways to protect the global environment. While its early efforts to address climate change were no worse, and often better than, other developed countries, it has fallen far behind as a number of European states and the European Union have started to implement robust policies to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. This chapter recounts this evolution in US policy from environmental leader to environmental laggard. It summarizes the US climate change-related policies and diplomacy, recounting significant events during the presidential administrations of George HW Bush, Bill Clinton and George W Bush. It then extends this summary of events to assess the prospects for US climate policy in the near future

Tension Headache

Science.gov (United States)

... tight band around your head. A tension headache (tension-type headache) is the most common type of headache, and ... Headache after a head injury, especially if the headache gets worse ... tension or stress. But research suggests muscle contraction isn't the ...

Neotropical echinococcosis: second report of Echinococcus vogeli natural infection in its main definitive host, the bush dog (Speothos venaticus).

Science.gov (United States)

do Carmo Pereira Soares, Manoel; Souza de Souza, Alex Junior; Pinheiro Malheiros, Andreza; Nunes, Heloisa Marceliano; Almeida Carneiro, Liliane; Alves, Max Moreira; Farias da Conceição, Bernardo; Gomes-Gouvêa, Michele Soares; Marins Póvoa, Marinete

2014-04-01

The bush dog (Speothos venaticus) acts as the natural definitive host in the life cycle of Echinococcus vogeli, the causative agent of polycystic hydatid disease, a zoonotic neglected disease in the South America. We report a case of natural infection by Echinococcus vogeli in a bush dog from the Brazilian Amazon, confirmed by the morphological and morphometric examination of adult parasites and their hooks obtained from the small intestine of the canid. Additionally, mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis corroborated these findings. This is the second report of natural infection by E. vogeli in a bush dog. © 2013.

Response of total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of bush ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The positive health benefits associated with tea are made possible by the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds present in tea. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.) and special tea (Monsonia burkeana) were studied. The extractions were done in triplicate using cold ...

Putin, Bush issue statement on advancing US-Russian human contacts

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

"In addition to interstate, bilateral, regional and global issues discussed by Russian President Vladimir Putin and US President George Bush during their Kremlin summit on 24 May, the two leaders considered issues related to people-to-people contacts, ties between cities, states and regions, institutions and organizations" (1 page).

Power quality. Analysis of the losses related to the tension and current distortion in the electric network; Calidad de la energia electrica. Analisis de las perdidas relacionadas con la distorsion de la tension y corriente de la red electrica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rauch Sitar, Vladimir [Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Facultad de Ingenieria, Queretaro (Mexico)

1994-12-31

In recent times every day one speaks more about power quality and about the losses produced by the tension and current distortion. The distortion in the electric network and the consumption tend to keep on increasing, and each day there will be the need of applying more resources to handle it inside a reasonable range. In this article the situation of the power quality is analyzed in the most general case and also simplified for special cases. On base on the distortion coefficients of tension and current a matrix is created where the harmonics coefficients of tension as well as the current appear in an organized form an all of the elements of that matrix are analyzed. Some topological rules are created in order to give the simplest orientation in the complex situation. The article is useful to supervise the power quality in all of the typical cases and establish a base for a more detailed analysis. [Espanol] En los ultimos tiempos cada dia mas se esta hablando sobre la calidad de la energia electrica (Power Quality) y sobre las perdidas provocadas con este factor. La distorsion de la red electrica y del consumo tiene la tendencia de seguir aumentando y cada dia mas habra que dedicar mas recursos para manejarla dentro de un rango razonable. En el articulo presentado se analiza la situacion de la calidad de energia en caso mas general y tambien simplificada para los casos especiales. A base de coeficientes de distorsion, de tension y corriente se crea una Matriz donde figuran tanto los coeficientes de armonicas de tension como de corriente en una forma ordenada y se analizan todos los elementos de esta matriz. Se crean algunas reglas topologicas para dar la orientacion mas simple en la situacion compleja. El articulo sirve para dar supervision a la calidad de energia en todos los casos tipicos y establecer una base para el analisis mas detallado.

Evaluation of effect of low opening operation on increasing wear of bearing bushings of guide vanes used in hydropower plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jong Sung; Kim, Se Na

2012-01-01

A guide vane plays a key role in controlling the flow rate of water supplied to the turbine of a hydropower plant. It has been reported that guide vane bearing bushings are subjected to considerable wear, which requires them to be maintained. An ancillary service such as frequency control and black start causes cyclic low opening operation of the guide vanes. It is empirically well known that such operation increases the wear rate of the guide vane bearing bushing. In this study, the effect of low opening operation on the increasing wear of the guide vane bearing bushing is quantitatively assessed via finite element flow analysis, finite element stress analysis, and relative wear evaluation. As a result of the assessment, it is identified that the pressure applied on the guide vane surface increases and the contact length between the outer surface of the guide vane stem and the inner surface of the bearing bushing decreases with a decrease in the opening of the guide vane. In addition, low opening of the guide vanes results in an increase in the relative wear owing to the generation of high contact pressure on the bearing bushing surfaces

effect of bush burning on herbaceous plant diversity in lagos state

African Journals Online (AJOL)

conducted to assess the effect of bush burning on plant species diversity. Three frequently burnt ... also believed to rid the grassland of parasitic insects and to prevent the encroachment of ..... The effect of smoke inhalation on lung function and ...

Tensiones residuales generadas en acero F-522 por distintos tipos de mecanizado

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

García-Navas, V.

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Machining operations induce plastic deformation and heat generation in the near surface area of the machined part, giving rise to residual stresses. Depending on their magnitude and sign, these stresses can be detrimental or beneficial to the service life of the part. The final stress state depends on the machining process applied, as well as on the machining parameters. Therefore, the establishment of adequate machining guidelines requires the measurement of the residual stresses generated both at the surface and inside the material. In this work, the residual stresses generated in F-522 steel by two hard turning (conventional and laser assisted and two grinding (production and finishing processes were measured by X-ray diffraction. Additionally, depth profiles of the volume fraction of retained austenite, microstructure and nanohardness were obtained in order to correlate those results with the residual stress state obtained for each machining process. It has been observed that turning generates tensile stresses in the surface while grinding causes compressive stresses. Below the surface grinding generates weak tensile or nearly null stresses whereas turning generates strong compressive stresses. These results show that the optimum machining process (disregarding economical considerations implies the combination of turning plus elimination of a small thickness by final grinding.

Las operaciones de mecanizado generan deformación plástica y calor en la zona próxima a la superficie de la pieza mecanizada, dando lugar a tensiones residuales. Dependiendo de su magnitud y signo, estas tensiones pueden ser perjudiciales o beneficiosas para la vida en servicio de la pieza. El estado final de tensiones depende del proceso de mecanizado aplicado, así como de los parámetros del mismo. Por tanto, el establecimiento de unas pautas de mecanizado adecuadas requiere una medida precisa de las tensiones residuales generadas, tanto en la superficie

A Functional Analysis of the 1988 Bush-Dukakis Presidential Debates.

Science.gov (United States)

Benoit, William L.; Brazeal, LeAnn M.

2002-01-01

Applies the Functional Theory of Political Campaign Discourse to the 1988 presidential debates between George Bush and Michael Dukakis. Challenges the notion that this campaign was mostly negative. Concludes that despite the belief that modern campaigns are devoid of substance, these debates stressed policy about twice as much as character. (SG)

"One More Time, Let Me Justify This War": An Analysis of President Bush's Declaration of Days of Thanksgiving.

Science.gov (United States)

Jones, Kevin T.

President Bush's declaration of April 5-7, 1991 as National Days of Thanksgiving is a unique example of Presidential civil religious discourse: no other President has ever made such a declaration to thank God for a victory in war. Whether he intended to or not, President Bush engaged in a rhetorical form which allowed him to manipulate a very…

Innovación: Tensiones teóricas en su abordaje

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

John Eddson Burgos Burgos

2015-11-01

Full Text Available El trabajo presenta una revisión de la literatura sobre el desarrollo de la innovación en los diversos escenarios donde se la aborda y practica, con el objetivo de conocer cómo afecta a las personas, empresas e instituciones, a su vez como estas generan, adquieren y aplican el conocimiento para introducir cambios en sus procesos administrativos, tecnológicos y culturales. La innovación es típicamente un esfuerzo de grupo, de un individuo o una empresa que pretende mejorar sus rendimientos financieros. El tratar a la innovación crea tensiones en su abordaje, sin embargo hay que hacerle frente, pues la adopción de la innovación es un eje fundamental para el crecimiento de las naciones, de tal forma que en todas, es una política pública que va en apoyo al desarrollo socioeconómico donde intervienen todos los actores del territorio.

Migration (Bush-falling) as a form of insurance for Cameroonians ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... a livelihood strategy and in the eyes of most Cameroonians bush-falling remains a contestable and an inevitable pathway for those seeking to lead a better lifestyle. Migration among most Cameroonian families has become a form of insurance in which families pool their resources to support the migration of kin, mindful of ...

Green manure affects cut flower yield and quality of ‘Vegas’ rose bushes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elka Fabiana Aparecida Almeida

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Rose cultivation requires many inputs for satisfactory production, making the process expensive. Nowadays, alternative practices have been used for sustainable crop production. Green manure is an agricultural practice that aims to maintain or improve soil fertility, increasing its yielding capacity. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of green manure with legumes on the yield and quality of ‘Vegas’ roses. Grafted rose seedlings were cultivated in open field for 30 months. Legumes used as green manure and planted intercropped with rose bushes were forage peanut (Arachis pintoi and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis. Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan was grown in a separate area, cut, macerated, and applied in the rows between rose bushes every 3 months. Plants of control group received no green manure, only mineral fertilizer and cattle manure, as in all other treatments. The experimental design was randomized block with four treatments (three green manure species plus the control and seven replications. The highest yield and quality of flower stems in ‘Vegas’ occurred with addition of pigeon pea on the soil surface or chemically treated (control. Forage peanut and jack bean are not suitable for intercropping with ‘Vegas’ rose bushes due to possible nutrient and water competition.

Bush mõistis hukka moslemite vägivaldsed meeleavaldused / Kaarel Kaas

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaas, Kaarel, 1978-

2006-01-01

USA president Georg W. Bush ja välisminister Condoleezza Rice mõistavad hukka moslemite vägivaldsed meeleavaldused, kuid mitte nende ajendiks olnud Muhamedi pilavad karikatuurid ning leiavad, et Iraan ja Süüria kasutavad pilapiltide skandaali oma poliitiliste eesmärkide saavutamiseks

Chemical compositions and antimicrobial activities of Athrixia phylicoides DC. (bush tea), Monsonia burkeana (special tea) and synergistic effects of both combined herbal teas.

Science.gov (United States)

Tshivhandekano, Itani; Ntushelo, Khayalethu; Ngezimana, Wonder; Tshikalange, Thilivhali Emmanuel; Mudau, Fhatuwani Nixwell

2014-09-01

To determine the chemical compositions and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.), special tea (Monsonia burkeana) and synergy (combination of bush tea and special tea). Total polyphenols were determined using the methods reported by Singleton and Rossi (1965) and modified by Waterman and Mole (1994). Tannins were determined using vanillin HCL methods described by Prince et al. (1978). Total antioxidants were determined using the methods described by Awika et al. (2004). The micro dilution technique using 96-well micro-plates, as described by Eloff (1998) was used to obtain the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) values of the ethanol extracts against the microorganisms under study. The microbes strain used was Gram negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia; Gram positive bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and a fungus Candida albicans. The results demonstrated that special tea contains significantly higher content of total polyphenols (8.34 mg/100 g) and total antioxidant (0.83 mg/100 g) as compared to bush tea [total polyphenols (6.41 mg/100g) and total antioxidant (0.63 mg/100g)] and combination of bush tea and special tea [total polyphenols (6.42 mg/100 g) and total antioxidant (0.64 mg/100 g)]. There was no significant difference in tannins between bush tea, special tea and synergy. The results of antimicrobial activity (MIC and MMC) demonstrated that the ethanol extracts of bush tea, special tea and synergy possessed antimicrobial activity against all microorganisms at different zones. The MIC of bush tea ranged from 1.56 to 12.50 mg/mL while the MMC ranged from 0.78 to 12.50 mg/mL. Special tea's MIC ranged from 0.39 to 12.50 mg/mL while the MMC ranged from 0.01 to 12.50 mg/mL. The MIC of synergy ranged from 3.13 to 12.50 mg/mL while the MMC ranged from 3

Ilves ja Bush - üks rantšopidajast president kutsus teise külla / Krister Paris

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Paris, Krister, 1977-

2007-01-01

USA presidendi George W. Bushi kohtumisest president Toomas Hendrik Ilvesega. Kõne all oli viisavabadus ja NATO küberkaitsekeskuse loomine Eestisse. G.W. Bush avaldas kaastunnet Afganistanis hukkunud Eesti sõdurite omastele. Riigikogu liikmete Marko Mihkelsoni ja Sven Mikseri kommentaarid presidentide kohtumisele. Vt. samas: Esimene riigipea pärjaga. T.H. Ilves asetas pärja kommunismiohvrite mälestusmärgile, mille president G.W. Bush avas 12. juunil 2007. Vabariigi President töövisiidil Ameerika Ühendriikides 25.-26.06.2007

Análisis de Tensiones mediante Elementos Finitos de una Válvula Esférica durante la Prueba Hidrostática, y su Verificación Experimental Stress Analysis by means of Finite Elements of a Ball Valve during the Hydrostatic Test, and its Experimental Verification

OpenAIRE

Néstor J Gualda; Héctor C Sanzi; Luis Ortiz

2010-01-01

En este trabajo se presenta el análisis de tensiones y deformaciones en el cuerpo de una válvula esférica de diámetro 8" serie 600, durante la prueba hidrostática, utilizando el método de elementos finitos. Se verifica el modelo con datos experimentales de tensiones, utilizando indicadores de deformación SG (Strain Gauges). Para el análisis mediante el método de elementos finitos se utilizó el programa Cosmos/M e información obtenida durante el análisis experimental. Las pruebas experimentale...

Coulomb string tension, asymptotic string tension, and the gluon chain

OpenAIRE

Greensite, Jeff; Szczepaniak, Adam P.

2014-01-01

We compute, via numerical simulations, the non-perturbative Coulomb potential of pure SU(3) gauge theory in Coulomb gauge. We find that that the Coulomb potential scales nicely in accordance with asymptotic freedom, that the Coulomb potential is linear in the infrared, and that the Coulomb string tension is about four times larger than the asymptotic string tension. We explain how it is possible that the asymptotic string tension can be lower than the Coulomb string tension by a factor of four.

70 Bush Meat Trading in the Oban Hills Region of South-Eastern ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Choice-Academy

2008-03-01

Mar 1, 2008 ... diversity of faunal species of the region can be found in ... B. The traditional inclination of rural people to bush ... (types and kinds) or species of animals involved in the .... Apes and/or. Prosimians, Reptiles; Rodents; birds, etc).

The Evolution of Missile Defense Plan from Bush to Obama. Implications for the National Security of Romania

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ruxandra-Laura BOSILCA

2012-06-01

Full Text Available In 2011 Romania officially became part of the Obama administration’s missile defense system in Europe which has significantly changed the strategic military relations both in Europe and worldwide. The Bush approach has been revised and progress in several sections has been achieved, both strategically and technically. For Romania, the participation in the missile defence plan, ensures more solid security guarantees, especially in an unpredictable and risk-prone international environment where the U.S. reconsiders its presence in Europe under the pressure of the economic crisis and of a relative decline in power; it has also become a more visible actor – alongside Bulgaria – which were initially excluded by the Bush missile defence plan. This paper’s purpose is to review the main evolutions of the missile defense plan from the Bush to the Obama administration and to outline its implications on the national security of Romania.

Analysis of the Causes of Cracks in a Thick-Walled Bush Made of Die-Cast Aluminum Bronze

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pisarek B.P.

2016-12-01

Full Text Available For the die casting conditions of aluminium bronzes assumed based on the literature data, a thick-walled bush was cast, made of complex aluminium bronze (Cu-Al-Fe-Ni-Cr. After the cast was removed from the mould, cracks were observed inside it. In order to identify the stage in the technological production process at which, potentially, the formation of stresses damaging the continuity of the microstructure created in the cast was possible (hot cracking and/or cold cracking, a computer simulation was performed. The article presents the results of the computer simulation of the process of casting the material into the gravity die as well as solidifying and cooling of the cast in the shape of a thick-walled bush. The simulation was performed with the use of the MAGMA5 program and by application of the CuAl10Ni5,5Fe4,5 alloy from the MAGMA5 program database. The results were compared with the location of the defects identified in the actual cast. As a result of the simulation of the die-casting process of this bush, potential regions were identified where significant principal stresses accumulate, which can cause local hot and cold cracking. Until now, no research has been made of die-cast aluminium bronzes with a Cr addition. Correlating the results of the computer simulation validated by the analysis of the actual cast made it possible to clearly determine the critical regions in the cast exposed to cracking and point to the causes of its occurrence. Proposals of changes in the bush die casting process were elaborated, in order to avoid hot tearing and cold cracking. The article discusses the results of preliminary tests being a prologue to the optimization of the die-casting process parameters of complex aluminium bronze thick-walled bushs.

Khat: ¿Una nueva droga?/Khat: A new drug?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aitor Curiel López de Arcaute (España

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Una nueve droga surgió el Barcelona procedente de África subsahariana interceptada en un vuelo con destino a Nueva York. La droga conocida como Khat no es una droga nueva, es una planta de la antigüedad que surge entre los arbustos de café y se cultiva en Etiopia y Yemen y en menos escala en Kenia, Tanzania, Madagascar y Uganda. En la actualidad muchas personas consumen Khat. El costo de esta raíz varía desde 1 euro hasta 600 euros por Kg. Los efectos de esta planta son similares a los de anfetamina que producen los ingredientes activos de esta raíz los cuales están prohibidos por la ONU y la OMS. A new drug emerged in Barcelona, coming from sub-Saharan Africa, intercepted on a flight bound for New York. The drug known as Khat is not a new drug, is a plant of antiquity that emerges in the coffee bushes and cultivated in Ethiopia and Yemen and less scale in Kenya, Tanzania, Madagascar and Uganda. Nowadays many people consume Khat. The cost of this root varies from 1 euro up to 600 euros per Kg. The effects of this plant are similar to amphetamine that produce the active ingredients of this root which are prohibited by the UN and the WHO.

THE INFLUENCE OF BUSH FORMATION IN RED BEET ON SEED PRODUCTIVITY AND SOWING QUALITIES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. A. Yusupova

2017-01-01

Full Text Available It is necessary not only to possess the technology to grow seeds but also to have knowledge of plant biology in particular crop, and sowing qualities of its seeds. The particular place where seeds are forming on the mother plant has much influence on qualities of sowing seed material. The influence of the development of red beet plant bush on seed productivity, monogermity and sowing qualities of seeds was estimated in Rostov oblast. The main stalk pruning and application of plant growth retardants had an effect on the structure of red beet bush. In variants given in seed plants, the third type of branching prevailed due to lack or oppression of main stalk. Consequently, the seed yield and proportion of single fruit formation rose. It was also shown that due to treatment of plants with growth retardant ‘Floron’ at the stage of waxen maturity significantly improved the seed germination as compared with control variant. As a result of the study it was shown that the mechanical pruning of main stalk and application of growth retardants had affected on the structure of seed red beet bush increasing the yield mono-seed compounds as well as had improved the yield and seed quality of monogerm red beet. 

Persia lost : how the foreign policy hawks of the George W. Bush administration blocked rapprochement with Iran

OpenAIRE

Fagernes, Therese

2011-01-01

The presidency of George W. Bush was a period of controversy. The foreign policy that the administration implemented would be criticized both inside of the United States and across the world. The purpose of this thesis is to look at how the senior members of the Bush administration’s foreign policy team influenced the foreign policy process during President George Walker Bush’s first term. It will apply the interaction and bitter opposition between these individuals and the defining events th...

Bush Offers "Blueprint" for NCLB: Partisan Split Expected as Strategies Diverge

Science.gov (United States)

Hoff, David J.

2007-01-01

This article reports how President Bush's new blueprint for the No Child Left Behind Act will create a partisan debate on educational strategies. In its plans for NCLB, the administration said it wants private and charter schools to create competition that would spur improvement in substandard schools. Democrats, however, have their own priorities…

Anisotropy in Alpedrete granite cutting (Rift, Grain and Hardway directions) and effect on bush hammered heritage ashlars

Science.gov (United States)

Freire-Lista, David Martin; Fort, Rafael

2015-04-01

Many monuments and cities that are part of humanity's heritage have been built with carved granite ashlars. This dimension stone is one of the most used due to its abundance and durability. Traditional quarrymen have used anisotropic planes to cut granite blocks in the quarry for improved cutting performance. These planes are called Rift, Grain and Hardway (R, G, H) according to the ease of cutting. The aim of this study is to determine the response of each of the three orthogonal cutting planes R, G and H to the craft styling with bush hammer, based on their decay. Alpedrete granite was selected for this research, it is a monzogranite quarried in the Sierra de Guadarrana (Spanish Central System) foothills, in the province of Madrid, Spain. It is one of the most representative of Madrid's heritage granites. Alpedrete granite is also used as building stone in other European cities. From an Alpedrete granite bush hammered ashlar, three thin sections were cut parallel to the H plane; these thin sections cut R and G bush hammered planes. Also three thin sections have been cut parallel to the R plane at a distance of 2 mm, 10 mm and 30 mm from the bush hammered surface. All thin sections have been treated with fluorescein. In each of the thin sections a micrograph mosaic was performed covering the entire area (about 10 cm2, 300 photomicrographs) and printed with 120 increases. The length and spacing of inter-, intra- and trans-crystalline microcracks were quantified and measured. Microcracks were subdivided based on affected minerals in each R, G and H planes. Through these observations it was found that Alpedrete Granite R plane (easier to cut) is determined by exfoliation microcracks orientation. That is, R plane is parallel to the exfoliations microcracks, which are intra-crystalline and straight. The cutting of stones in the R plane is due to the coalescence of straight microcracks in the plane. This plane minimizes the effort and cost of subsequent carving so it

Taxonomy Icon Data: Japanese Bush Warbler [Taxonomy Icon

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone Chordata/Vertebrata/Aves Cettia_diphone_L.png Cettia_diphone..._NL.png Cettia_diphone_S.png Cettia_diphone_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Cettia+diphone...&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Cettia+diphone&t=NL http://bioscie...ncedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Cettia+diphone&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/tax...onomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Cettia+diphone&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=26 ...

Necessary Tension in Marine Risers Tension des colonnes montantes en mer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lubinski A.

2006-11-01

Full Text Available The tension governing transverse static and dynamic deflections in a riser is not the actual tension but the so-called « effective tension » The concept of effective tension and effective compression is thoroughly explained, and means for calculating effective forces are given. Numerical examples are worked out for risers whose length is between 152 m (520 ft and 920 m (3020 ft. The reciprocal of maximum bending moment of the vicinity of the hall joint is plotted versus the effective tension of the ball joint. Bending moments used were obtained through use of static and dynamic computer programs applied ta a variety of conditions of wave loading, use or non-use of buoyant moterial sleeves, etc. The most important parameters affecting riser performance are the effective La tension régissant les déflections transversales statiques et dynamiques d'une colonne montante n'est pas la tension réelle mais ce qu'on appelle « la tension effective ». Le concept de tension ou de compression effective est expliqué en détail et la façon de calculer les forces effectives est indiquée dans cet article. Des exemples numériques sont développés pour des colonnes montantes de longueur comprise entre 152 m (520 ft et 920 m (3 020 ft. On a tracé la courbe de l'inverse du moment fléchissant en fonction de la tension effective à l'articulation. Les moments fléchissants utilisés ont été calculés par ordinateur en utilisant des programmes dynamiques et statiques pour des conditions variées d'action des vagues, la colonne montante étant ou non munie de manchettes de flottabilité, etc. Les deux paramètres les plus importants qui affectent le bon comportement d'une colonne montante sont la tension effective et la charge latérale.

Indigenous knowledge system of bush tea from the local people in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The article provides a report on a survey conducted in selected villages of Thohoyandou and Nzhelele in Venda, Limpopo Province of South Africa by means of personal interviews. The aim of the survey was to gather indigenous knowledge and to validate the uses of bush tea as claimed by the local people. The interviews ...

Bush jättis püüne Putinile / Toomas Alatalu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Alatalu, Toomas, 1942-

2007-01-01

Politoloog tõdeb, et USA president George W. Bush lahkus enne lõppu Aasia-Vaikse ookeani majanduskoostöö organisatsiooni (APEC) tippkohtumiselt ja külastas Iraaki, et kinnitada maailmale Iraagi sõja vajalikkust. Vene president Vladimir Putin tugevdas Vene positsioone maailmas, andes krediiti Indoneesiale Vene laevade ja lennukite ostuks ning sõlmides uraaniostulepingu Austraaliaga

The effect of gibberellins on sprouting of cuttings and quality of bush ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Total polyphenols were determined using Folin Ciocalteau method, total tannins were determined using the Vanillin HCL method and total antioxidants were determined using the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. The results of this study showed favourable response of bush tea growth to increased rates ...

Obamas opgør med Bush låser ham i dronekrig

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ulrich, Philip Christian

2013-01-01

En helt central del af Obamas valgkamp i 2008 var et opgør med dele af Bush administrationens krig mod terror. Obama er dog blevet fanget i en kontroversiel dronepolitik på grund af hans manglende succes med de indenrigspolitiske aspekter af opgøret...

Design optimization of the 100 kV HV bushing for ITER-DNB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shah, Sejal, E-mail: sshah@iter-india.org [ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382025, Gujarat (India); Rajesh, S. [ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382025, Gujarat (India); Microelectronics and Materials Physics Laboratories, P.O. Box 4500, FIN-90014 University of Oulu (Finland); Srusti, B. [DesignTech Systems Ltd, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500034 (India); Bandyopadhyay, M.; Rotti, C.; Singh, M.J.; Roopesh, G.; Chakraborty, A.K. [ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382025, Gujarat (India); Schunke, B.; Hemsworth, R.; Chareyre, J. [ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 St. Paul lez Durance (France)

2011-10-15

The 100 kV bushing of the Diagnostic Neutral Beam (DNB) injector is a cylindrical feedthrough which forms the interface between the gas insulated transmission line and the torus primary vacuum and provides all necessary services to the beam source. All conventions for safety, voltage holding requirement, vacuum compatibility and the choice of materials have been addressed in the design. Finite Element Analyses (FEAs) for the electrostatic and the structural configuration is carried out to validate the design of the High Voltage Bushing (HVB). Several iterations and optimizations of the stress shields are carried out to meet electrostatic criteria, especially at the triple point (the ceramic, metal and vacuum joint), which is critical for good voltage holding. Structural analyses is carried out to assess the stress distribution in the fiber reinforced plastic insulator, the alumina insulator and the integrated HVB for different load cases like operational orientation (horizontal), normal operation and accidental case. Design is further validated for seismic conditions for Seismic Loading-2 (SL-2).

Design optimization of the 100 kV HV bushing for ITER-DNB

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shah, Sejal; Rajesh, S.; Srusti, B.; Bandyopadhyay, M.; Rotti, C.; Singh, M.J.; Roopesh, G.; Chakraborty, A.K.; Schunke, B.; Hemsworth, R.; Chareyre, J.

2011-01-01

The 100 kV bushing of the Diagnostic Neutral Beam (DNB) injector is a cylindrical feedthrough which forms the interface between the gas insulated transmission line and the torus primary vacuum and provides all necessary services to the beam source. All conventions for safety, voltage holding requirement, vacuum compatibility and the choice of materials have been addressed in the design. Finite Element Analyses (FEAs) for the electrostatic and the structural configuration is carried out to validate the design of the High Voltage Bushing (HVB). Several iterations and optimizations of the stress shields are carried out to meet electrostatic criteria, especially at the triple point (the ceramic, metal and vacuum joint), which is critical for good voltage holding. Structural analyses is carried out to assess the stress distribution in the fiber reinforced plastic insulator, the alumina insulator and the integrated HVB for different load cases like operational orientation (horizontal), normal operation and accidental case. Design is further validated for seismic conditions for Seismic Loading-2 (SL-2).

Testing and start up of equipment in a substation; Pruebas y puesta en servicio del equipo de una subestacion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Raull-Martin, J. [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)

2001-09-01

The purpose of this paper is to present a summarized version of the test series required to determine out the final condition of the isolations, the continuity of the control circuits, as well as protection, measurement, sing-positing, alarms and the total substation performance. [Spanish] El proposito de este articulo es presentar en forma compacta la serie de pruebas que se requieren para determinar el estado final de los aislamientos, la continuidad de los circuitos de control, proteccion, medicion, senalizacion, alarmas, asi como el funcionamiento del conjunto de la subestacion. Se muestra una grafica K-Temperatura y de conexiones para las pruebas con megger. Se muestra un diagrama de conexiones para determinar las marcas de polaridad este tipo bushing e interruptores; asi como para el faseo de una proteccion diferencial. Se da el diagrama de faseo interno y energizado por el lado de 23 kV de una subestacion de 230 kV.

Bush lubas al-Zarqawi järglase kinni püüda / Aadu Hiietamm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hiietamm, Aadu, 1954-

2006-01-01

USA president George W. Bush teatas, et tapetud terrorivõrgustiku al Qaeda Iraagi haru liidri Abu Musab al-Zarqawi järglaseks nimetatud Abu Hamsa al-Muhajir on kuulutatud enim tagaotsitavaks terroristiks

President Bush : langenud nõuavad, et me jätkame võitlust! / Tõnis Erilaid

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Erilaid, Tõnis, 1943-

2005-01-01

Salt Lake Citys USA sõjaveteranidele peetud kõnes ütles USA president George W. Bush, et tuleb jõuda eesmärgile, mille eest USA sõdurid oma elu andsid. Samas toimus sõjavastaste demonstratsioon

The Bush Doctrine: The Foreign Policy of Republican Empire

Science.gov (United States)

2009-01-01

Michael W. Doyle, ‘‘Kant, Liberal Legacies, and Foreign Affairs,’’ Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 12, No. 3, Summer, 1983, pp. 205–235 and ‘‘Kant...Liberal Legacies, and Foreign Affairs, Part 2,’’ Philosophy and Public Affairs, Autumn, 1983, pp. 323–353, as well as Doyle, Ways of War and Peace (New...so-called libertarians and OWENS 41 George Bush, Graduation Speech at the US Air Force Academy, June 2, 2004, http:// www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases

Les relations économiques sino-américaines pendant les années Bush (2001-2008 : vers une stratégie de « dissuasion économique » ? US-China Relations during the Bush Presidency, 2001-2008: Towards a Strategy of “Economic Deterrence”?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliette Bourdin

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Au cours de la présidence de George W. Bush, les relations économiques sino-américaines se sont caractérisées par une interdépendance croissante, tant au niveau des enjeux commerciaux que des enjeux financiers. Si les questions du déficit de la balance commerciale et des droits de la propriété intellectuelle faisaient déjà débat pendant la présidence de Bill Clinton, en revanche les questions financières de la valeur du renminbi et des réserves chinoises de bons du Trésor sont apparues pendant les années Bush. Alors que l’administration Bush prônait initialement une stratégie de « congagement » (endiguement/ engagement et définissait la Chine comme un « concurrent stratégique », non seulement le 11-Septembre a modifié les priorités immédiates de Washington mais, du fait de l’interdépendance économique sino-américaine, il semble que la « dissuasion économique » soit désormais la seule stratégie réaliste dans les relations entre Washington et Pékin.During the presidency of George W. Bush, the main characteristic of US-China economic relations was an increasing interdependency in the field of trade as well as over financial issues. If trade imbalance and intellectual property rights were already matters for debate during the presidency of Bill Clinton, the issues of the value of the renminbi and of Chinese holdings of US Treasury bonds emerged during the Bush years. While the Bush administration had initially advocated a strategy of “congagement” (containment/ engagement and had defined China as a “strategic competitor”, not only did 9/11 change Washington’s immediate priorities, but, with the US-China economic interdependency, the only realistic strategy between Washington and Beijing seemed to consist in “economic deterrence.”

L’environnement naturel et le changement climatique pendant les années Bush : la pertinence d’une différenciation des échelles territoriales Climate Change and the Natural Environment in the Bush Years: The Relevance of Territorial Scale Differentiation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cynthia Ghorra-Gobin

2010-03-01

Full Text Available L’attitude de l’administration fédérale au cours des huit années de l’administration Bush contraste avec celle du contexte des années 1960-1970 pour ce qui concerne la prise en compte de l’environnement naturel dans les décisions économiques. Toutefois, cet engagement limité du président Bush sur la question du changement climatique dans les débats internationaux n’a pas pour autant réduit les capacités de mobilisation des États et des villes sur ce thème.On the issue of whether climate change should be taken into account in economic decisions, the federal administration’s attitude during the Bush Presidency sharply contrasted with the attitudes of earlier administrations, particularly in the 1960’s and 1970’s. The limited concern for climate change which the federal government exhibited in the international arena did not reduce, however, the mobilization of states and local communities on this issue.

Distribución de tensiones en fachadas de azulejos sujetas a dilataciones térmicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marrero, M.

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Tiles have been widely used in building facades due to important qualities such as little maintenance needed and high performance under aggressive environmental conditions, but tiles also present some limitations. One among them is that tile glaze brakes after collocation, usually due to the high temperature range facades undergo. The present work studies the stresses that take place in a tile facade when is submitted to high temperature variation. Special emphasis in the analysis is taken on the outer system elements. The problem is represented by means of a numerical solution using the Finite Element Analysis. Two different geometrical shapes commonly found have been modeled, a square tile with straight border and square tiles with a beveled edge.

Los azulejos son ampliamente utilizados como revestimiento de fachadas en las edificaciones ya que poseen cualidades importantes como pueden ser su reducida necesidad de mantenimiento periódico y su alta resistencia a condiciones ambientales agresivas, pero también presentan diversas limitaciones. La patología más común y que más problemas genera en una fachada de azulejos es la rotura del vidriado. En muchos casos el problema tiene su origen en las fuertes variaciones de la temperatura exterior a las que se ven sometidas las fachadas. En el presente trabajo se estudian las tensiones en los elementos más exteriores de una fachada, revestida con piezas cerámicas vidriadas sometidas a una dilatación térmica, mediante un modelo de elementos finitos que permite calcular y representar la distribución de tensiones que se generan, a la vez que se identifican las zonas que alcanzan los niveles de esfuerzo más altos. Se han modelado dos geometrías encontradas en la cerámica moderna y tradicional para comprobar como estas últimas abordan el problema de concentración de tensiones mediante soluciones sencillas que pueden ser fácilmente reproducibles en la actualidad.

I'm Not Sure What George Bush Has to Do with Hitler

Science.gov (United States)

Pogorelskin, Alexis

2005-01-01

Alexis Pogorelskin, an associate professor at the University of Minnesota Duluth and chair of the History Department, recounts her experience in 2004 after making a controversial comment in her History of the Holocaust and 20th Century Russia class. Her comment was in reference to President Bush making no mention in the 2000 campaign about the…

Sweet resin bush on the Santa Rita Experimental Range: An eradication effort

Science.gov (United States)

Larry D. Howery; Bruce D. Munda; Dan G. Robinett; Harry H. Buck

2003-01-01

Sweet resin bush (Euryops subcarnosus DC ssp. vulgaris B. Nord; or, Euryops multifidis (L. f.) DC.), a South African shrub introduced to Arizona in the 1930s, was discovered on the Santa Rita Experimental Range (SRER) in 1998. Due to the threat of spread of this invasive plant and its potential to cause adverse environmental and economic effects, and because it posed a...

The USA policy evolution in the Caspian sea from Clinton to Bush

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jafalian, A.

2003-01-01

The author analyzes the USA policy in the Caspian Sea area and its evolution with the election of Bush. If no major orientation appear, some sensible evolutions are presented concerning the pipelines management in this area. The author presents then, the new definition of the economical variables and the reinforcement of the security dimension of the USA policy. (A.L.B.)

Una verdad "incómoda"… que es preciso difundir y frente a la que hay que actuar urgentemente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Educadores por la Sostenibilidad

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Al Gore será recordado, muy probablemente, no tanto por haber sido vicepresidente de EEUU junto a Bill Cinton o por perder la presidencia frente a George Bush (pese a haber obtenido más votos, sino por sus preocupaciones en torno a la degradación del medio ambiente y la supervivencia de la especie humana que le han llevado recientemente, en particular, a difundir “An inconvenient truth” (una verdad incómoda: la gravedad de un cambio climático ya en marcha, sus causas y la necesidad de hacerle frente con la mayor urgencia

Reduction of eddy current losses around bushing holes on the top-plate of a high efficient transformer

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Mehmet Aytaç ÇINAR

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Low voltage winding leads cause local eddy current losses in top-plate of the transformer tank. In this paper, this loss component which also causes local hot spots is investigated. Top-plate design is modified using stainless steel non-magnetic material, around the low voltage bushing holes. Manufacturing issues and cost as well as power losses are considered as main criteria during modification study. Magnetic flux distributions and eddy current losses are analysed and compared for different designs. Comparisons are based on 3D finite element simulations and experimental studies. Obtained results show that, insertion of single I-shaped stainless steel plate reduces eddy current losses around low voltage bushing holes to nearly zero.

Superheroes and the Bush doctrine: narrative and politics in post­-9/11 discourse

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hassler-Forest, D.A.

2011-01-01

Dan Hassler-Forest onderzocht de manier waarop de Amerikaanse politiek samenvloeit met populaire cultuur. De centrale figuur hierin is de superheld, die fungeert als een symbolische belichaming voor de conflicterende fantasieën die de jaren van het presidentschap van George W. Bush in de Verenigde

Reactor vessel stud tensioner

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Malandra, L.J.; Beer, R.W.; Salton, R.B.; Spiegelman, S.R.; Cognevich, M.L.

1982-01-01

A quick-acting stud tensioner, for facilitating the loosening or tightening of a stud nut on a reactor vessel stud, has gripper jaws which when the tensioner is lowered into engagement with the upper end of the stud are moved inwards to grip the upper end and which when the tensioner is lifted move outward to release the upper end. (author)

Diet of the crayfish Paranephrops zealandicus in bush and pasture streams : insights from stable isotopes and stomach analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hollows, J.W.; Townsend, C.R.; Collier, K.J.

2002-01-01

Crayfish (Paranephrops zealandicus White) stomachs from streams in both native bush (mainly tree leaves and dicotyledonous seeds) and exotic pasture settings (mainly grass stems and monocotyledonous seeds) were dominated by allochthonous material. More detritus occurred in stomachs in autumn-winter than in spring-summer, but quantities were similar in crayfish from native bush and pasture streams. The stomachs of larger crayfish contained a significantly greater proportion of detritus than smaller individuals. Aquatic invertebrates were the second most abundant dietary category by volume, with highest values in winter, but there were no significant differences between land uses or crayfish size classes. A wide range of invertebrates was eaten by crayfish, with mayfly nymphs, chironomid larvae, and snails predominating. The latter were numerically more prominent in crayfish from bush than pasture streams. Terrestrial invertebrates were recorded from 4% of stomachs, but there were no significant differences in relation to land use, season, or crayfish size class. Despite aquatic invertebrates making up 13 C and perhaps of microfloral origin, seems to be an important energy source for crayfish in both stream types. (author). 52 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs

Some ecological side-effects of chemical and physical bush clearing in a southern African rangeland ecosystem

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Haussmann, N. S.; Kalwij, Jesse; Bezuidenhout, S.

2016-01-01

Roč. 102, JAN 2016 (2016), s. 234-239 ISSN 0254-6299 Institutional support: RVO:67985939 Keywords : Acacia giraffae * bush encroachment * physical soil disturbance Subject RIV: EF - Botanics Impact factor: 1.427, year: 2016

Tensions between State and Market in Chile: Educational Policy and Culture

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ann Matear

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Since 1990, education has been the focus of policy  initiatives relating to national development, and  public investment has increased. However, highquality education remains an elusive aspiration for  the majority of children, and the educational ‘good’  which is distributed is far from standard in Chile.  The achievement gap between income groups and  between the different school types is widening and  confidence in the public education system is falling. This article analyses the tensions inherent in  implementing policies that aim to promote equity  within a market-oriented education system, supported by a legislative framework that constrains  policy changes that might depart from a neoliberal  model. It examines how the provision and financing of education have become increasingly privatized; how student enrolment has shifted dramatically from state to privately-run schools; and how  parental choice in education is contributing to the  growing stratification of the education system by  social class. Resumen: Tensiones entre el estado y el Mercado en Chile: políticas educativas y culturaDesde 1990, la educación ha sido el foco de las  iniciativas de la política referente al desarrollo  nacional y la inversión pública ha aumentado. Sin  embargo, una educación de alta calidad sigue  siendo una aspiración evasiva para la mayoría de  niños y el ‘bien educativo’ que se distribuye está  lejos de ser estandarizado en Chile. La brecha del  logro entre los grupos socioeconómicos y entre los  diversos tipos de escuela se está ensanchando y la  confianza en el sistema educativo público está  bajando. Este artículo analiza las tensiones inherentes a la hora de implementar políticas que  apunten a promover la equidad dentro de un sistema educativo orientado hacia el libre mercado,  apoyado por un marco legislativo que restringe los  cambios de política que pudieran salirse del modelo neoliberal

The USA policy evolution in the Caspian sea from Clinton to Bush; L'evolution de la politique americaine dans la region de la mer Caspienne de Clinton a Bush

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jafalian, A

2003-07-01

The author analyzes the USA policy in the Caspian Sea area and its evolution with the election of Bush. If no major orientation appear, some sensible evolutions are presented concerning the pipelines management in this area. The author presents then, the new definition of the economical variables and the reinforcement of the security dimension of the USA policy. (A.L.B.)

An Associative Index Model for the Results List Based on Vannevar Bush's Selection Concept

Science.gov (United States)

Cole, Charles; Julien, Charles-Antoine; Leide, John E.

2010-01-01

Introduction: We define the results list problem in information search and suggest the "associative index model", an ad-hoc, user-derived indexing solution based on Vannevar Bush's description of an associative indexing approach for his memex machine. We further define what selection means in indexing terms with reference to Charles…

dilemas de una nación pluricultural en la perspectiva del centenario

OpenAIRE

Guzmán Chávez, Mauricio Genet

2010-01-01

En este artículo ofrecemos una reflexión sobre los contenidos ideológicos que fundan en el Estado mexicano a partir de la Revolución de 1910. No se pretende un examen cronológico de eventos, sino una revisión crítica de los fundamentos que posibilitaron la construcción nacional a partir de un pacto social que hoy en día no rige más a la sociedad mexicana. De esta forma hurgamos en las tensiones políticas identificativas para llevar adelante un proyecto de homogeneización cultural, en un país ...

Lizard community structure across a grassland - creosote bush ecotone in the Chihuahuan Desert

OpenAIRE

Menke, Sean B

2003-01-01

I investigated the distribution and abundance of lizard species (Aspidoscelis inornatus, Aspidoscelis tesselatus, Aspidoscelis tigris, Aspidoscelis uniparens, Cophosaurus texanus, Crotaphytus collaris, Eumeces obsoletus, Gambelia wislizenii, Holbrookia maculata, Phrynosoma cornutum, Sceloporus magister, and Uta stansburiana) across a desert grassland - creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) ecotone in Dona Ana County, New Mexico. The ecotonal area in the Jomada del Muerto basin has increased drama...

Educación en Derechos Humanos y Educación Superior: una perspectiva controversial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abraham Magendzo Kolstrein

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo, a partir de una postura crítica, muestra la importancia de introducir y reforzar —como desafío ético y político— la educación en derechos humanos en la educación superior. Para formar profesionales que contribuyan, desde sus campos de acción, a crear una cultura ciudadana y respetuosa de los derechos humanos. La sugerencia es incorporar los derechos humanos en el currículum, la pedagogía, la didáctica y la evaluación en una perspectiva controversial, que permita profundizar en las tensiones que tienen los derechos para de esta manera, formar sujetos dialogantes, empoderados y transformadores de la sociedad.

Environmental geophysics at the Southern Bush River Peninsula, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Davies, B.E.; Miller, S.F.; McGinnis, L.D. [and others

1995-05-01

Geophysical studies have been conducted at five sites in the southern Bush River Peninsula in the Edgewood Area of Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. The goals of the studies were to identify areas containing buried metallic objects and to provide diagnostic signatures of the hydrogeologic framework of the site. These studies indicate that, during the Pleistocene Epoch, alternating stands of high and low sea level resulted in a complex pattern of channel-fill deposits. Paleochannels of various sizes and orientations have been mapped throughout the study area by means of ground-penetrating radar and EM-31 techniques. The EM-31 paleochannel signatures are represented onshore either by conductivity highs or lows, depending on the depths and facies of the fill sequences. A companion study shows the features as conductivity highs where they extend offshore. This erosional and depositional system is environmentally significant because of the role it plays in the shallow groundwater flow regime beneath the site. Magnetic and electromagnetic anomalies outline surficial and buried debris throughout the areas surveyed. On the basis of geophysical measurements, large-scale (i.e., tens of feet) landfilling has not been found in the southern Bush River Peninsula, though smaller-scale dumping of metallic debris and/or munitions cannot be ruled out.

General definition of gravitational tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harmark, T.; Obers, N.A.

2004-01-01

In this note we give a general definition of the gravitational tension in a given asymptotically translationally-invariant spatial direction of a space-time. The tension is defined via the extrinsic curvature in analogy with the Hawking-Horowitz definition of energy. We show the consistency with the ADM tension formulas for asymptotically-flat space-times, in particular for Kaluza-Klein black hole solutions. Moreover, we apply the general tension formula to near-extremal branes, constituting a check for non-asymptotically flat space-times. (author)

Structural design significance of tension-tension fatigue data on composites

Science.gov (United States)

Grimes, G. C.

1977-01-01

Constant cycle tension-tension fatigue and related static tension data have been generated on six single composite material/orientation combinations and twenty-one hybrid composite material/orientation combinations. Anomalies are related to the temperature rise and stopped interval creep, whereas endurance limit stresses (runouts) are associated with static proportional limit values, when they occur, and internal damage. The significance of these room temperature-dry data on the design allowables and weight of aerodynamic structueres is discussed. Such structures are helicopter rotor blades and wing and horizontal stabilizer lower surfaces. Typical criteria for turning these data into preliminary allowables are shown, as are examples of such allowables developed from the data. These values are then compared to those that might be used if the structures were made of metal.

Marksmen and the bush: The affective micro-politics of landscape, sex and technology in precolonial South-Central Africa

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Kathryn M. de Luna

Full Text Available This essay explores what we can know about the micro-politics of knowledge production using the history of bushcraft as a case study. In many societies in central, eastern and southern Africa, practitioners of technologies undertaken away from the village, in the bush, enjoy a special status. Among the Botatwe-speaking societies of south-central Africa, the status accorded hunters, smelters and other technicians of the bush was crafted in the centuries around the turn of the first millennium by combining old ideas about the blustery character of fame and spirits, and the talk that engendered both with the observation that technicians working in the bush shared a kinesthetic experience of piercing, poking and prodding into action during the generative activities of working smelts and taking down game. Yet the micro-politics of bushcraft knowledge also involved the bodies and feelings of spearmen and metallurgists' wives, lovers, mothers, sisters, and sometimes those of the entire neighbourhood. The invention of a new landscape category, isokwe, and the novel status of these seasonal technicians marks the development of a new kind of virile masculinity available to some men; it was a status with deeply sensuous, material and social meanings for women as well.

Tension type headache

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Debashish Chowdhury

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Tension type headaches are common in clinical practice. Earlier known by various names, the diagnosis has had psychological connotations. Recent evidence has helped clarify the neurobiological basis and the disorder is increasingly considered more in the preview of neurologists. The classification, clinical features, differential diagnosis and treatment of tension type headache are discussed in this paper.

Production components and yield of bushing snap bean in conventional and organic production systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guilherme Renato Gomes

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Production systems influence crops differently, mainly in terms of yield. However, there are few studies that have evaluated different bushing snap bean genotypes in different systems. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the production components and yield of bushing snap beans in conventional and organic production systems. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, in a factorial 6 × 2 arrangement, corresponding to six genotypes and two production systems, with three replications. The genotypes Isla Manteiga Baixo®, Isla Macarrão Baixo®, Feltrin Vicenza Amarelo Baixo®, and Feltrin Macarrão Napoli®, UEL 1, and UEL 2 were submitted to the following determinations: days to flowering; plant height; medium number of pods per plant; average pod mass, length, and diameter; and yield of commercial pods. A joint analysis of variance was conducted by applying the F test, with mean comparison performed using the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05. Anthesis of the genotypes Feltrin Vicenza Amarelo Baixo, UEL 2, Isla Macarrão Baixo, and Feltrin Macarrão Napoli is anticipated in the conventional production system. The genotype UEL 2 shows higher precocity in anthesis within the conventional system. The genotypes Isla Manteiga Baixo and UEL 1 produce more pods per plant in the conventional system. In the organic system, the genotype Feltrin Macarrão Napoli produces double the number of pods per plant compared with Isla Manteiga Baixo. The organic system leads to greater plant height and average mass, length, and diameter of pods in relation to the conventional system. The commercial pod yield of bushing snap bean is not altered by differences in the production system or genotype.

Dimensión pedagógica de la Educación Virtual: Una reflexión pendiente

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Ana Claudia Rozo Sandoval

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este articulo se desarrolla en el marco de la investigación “Educación Virtual en las Instituciones de Educación Superior, una propuesta interpretativa”. El trabajo da cuenta de una revisión de veinte investigacionesrealizadas en Iberoamérica, en las cuales se aborda la comprensión de lo pedagógico desde tres elementos de análisis: los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje;   las plataformas y otras tensiones en educación

Dimensión pedagógica de la Educación Virtual: Una reflexión pendiente

OpenAIRE

Ana Claudia Rozo Sandoval

2011-01-01

Este articulo se desarrolla en el marco de la investigación “Educación Virtual en las Instituciones de Educación Superior, una propuesta interpretativa”. El trabajo da cuenta de una revisión de veinte investigacionesrealizadas en Iberoamérica, en las cuales se aborda la comprensión de lo pedagógico desde tres elementos de análisis: los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje;   las plataformas y otras tensiones en educación

La evaluación y el enfoque de competencias: Tensiones, limitaciones y oportunidades para la innovación docente en la universidad

OpenAIRE

Fabiola Cabra Torres

2008-01-01

El artículo destaca elementos conceptuales y prácticos en los que la evaluación desde el enfoque de las competencias presenta dificultades, retos y oportunidades. A partir de una presentación de tensiones y limitaciones en la práctica de la evaluación, sugiere la necesidad de clarificar el concepto de competencia para que adquiera una coherencia disciplinar y metodológica tanto a nivel curricular como didáctico. Se presentan a manera de propuesta y reflexión, algunas innovaciones que desd...

On relation between the quark-gluon bag surface tension and the colour tube string tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bugaev, K.A.; Zinovjev, G.M.

2010-01-01

We revisit the bag phenomenology of deconfining phase transition aiming to replenish it by introducing systematically the bag surface tension. Comparing the free energies of such bags and the strings confining the static quark-antiquark pair, we express the string tension in terms of the bag surface tension and the bulk pressure in order to estimate the bag characteristics using the lattice QCD (LQCD) data. Our analysis of the bag entropy density demonstrates that the surface tension coefficient is amazingly negative at the cross-over (continuous transition). The approach developed allows us to naturally account for an origin of a pronounced maximum (observed in the LQCD studies) in the behaviour of heavy quark-antiquark pair entropy. The vicinity of the (tri-)critical endpoint is also analyzed to clarify the meaning of vanishing surface tension coefficient.

Chávez vs. Medios ¿Una batalla simbólica?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerson López

2010-12-01

Full Text Available El trabajo disecciona parte de las tensiones generadas (luchas de poder entre Hugo Chávez y los medios de comunicación venezolanos en varias coyunturas críticas, vislumbrando la polarización como praxis mass mediática. El análisis concluye con una propuesta sobre los tres tipos de relación que encierra el dilemático accionar del dualismo medios –poder político.

La categoría “ambiente”. Una reflexión epistemológica sobre su uso y su estandarización en las ciencias ambientales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerardo Morales-Jasso

2016-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se analizan tres significados de “ambiente” y se plantean las tensiones epistémicas que implican dos de ellos. La meta es proponer la adopción de uno de los significados para su uso en las ciencias ambientales y con esto disminuir las tensiones epistémicas de su polisemia. Para hacerlo, el artículo distingue “ambiente” de categorías como hábitat, naturaleza, ecosistema. Luego de lo cual, a través de una argumentación epistemológica, se genera una propuesta para las ciencias ambientales en la que ambiente es redefinido en un sentido sistémico. Tal redefinición se propone el cuestionamiento de ideas dualistas que generan tensiones que sólo pueden ser resueltas con base en paradigmas que superen el disyuntivismo mecanicista propio de la epistemología dualista que tienen las ciencias sociales y las ciencias naturales.

Analysis of the interconnection of small generating power plants to the rural networks of medium tension; Analisis de la interconexion de pequenas plantas de generacion a las redes rurales de media tension

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos Erape, Salomon

2008-12-15

different operational conditions, calculations of regulation and losses are made, and of problems in the steady state that the generators can cause to us. In this part of the thesis the operation form of the power plants is described, also an approximated quantification is made of the energy losses (kWh) and also a general overview is described on the asynchronous generators. Chapter 5. - This chapter deals with other cases whose purpose is of extending the knowledge on the subject; an ideal case is analyzed to define the terms that are used in distributed generation, it analyzes another interconnection case in medium tension with a more robust sub transmission system, it also analyzes the possible interconnection in high voltage. Approximate calculations are made of the energy losses of two of the exposed cases. Chapter 6. - The short circuit in the present condition is calculated and with generation, the sequence components of the involved elements, connection types of the producer's transformer; at the end of this chapter a revision is made of the interruptive capacities of the present equipment. Chapter 7. - A general analysis is made of the analyzed cases as well as final conclusions with recommendations on future works. The subject addressed in this thesis, is accompanied with many tables, figures and Annexes whose objective is to make the comprehension of the subject easier. [Spanish] La presente tesis trata un tema relacionado con generacion distribuida, trata especificamente de un caso real de la solicitud de interconexion de 2 plantas de generacion hidroelectricas con generadores sincronos propiedad de un permisionario que pretende interconectarse a la red de media tension, esta interconexion tiene una particularidad que no hace tan sencillo el analisis, esta caracteristica es de que tiene una potencia de generacion superior a la demanda local de la carga. El analisis se enfoca principalmente en los efectos de regulacion y perdidas, asi tambien se hacen

A simple method for the design of tension structures combining topological mapping and nonlinear structural analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jurado-Piña, R.

2014-12-01

Full Text Available When designing a tension structure the shape is not known at the beginning of the process. Form-finding methods allow the designer to obtain an initial shape from given boundary conditions. Several form-finding methods for tension structures are already available in the technical literature; all of them posses certain limitations and drawbacks and no single method is optimal for all problems. The engineer may select the proper combination of methods best suited to the designer’s needs. In this paper it is proposed a combined method to achieve satisfactory equilibrium configurations for fabric tension structures. The force density method (FDM implemented with topological mapping (TM is used as a search engine for the preliminary design, and a procedure that employs nonlinear structural analysis is proposed for final refinement of the initial equilibrium configuration hence allowing the use of the same analysis tool for both refinement of the solution and analysis under loading.Al diseñar una estructura tensada la forma inicial es normalmente desconocida. Los métodos de búsqueda de forma permiten al ingeniero obtener una geometría inicial dadas unas condiciones de contorno. Existen diferentes métodos de búsqueda de formas de equilibrio, pero todos tienen limitaciones y no existe uno único óptimo para cualquier tipo de problema. El ingeniero debe elegir la combinación de métodos que mejor se adapte a sus necesidades. En este artículo se propone un método combinado para generar configuraciones de equilibrio satisfactorias en estructuras tensadas. Como motor de búsqueda para el diseño preliminar se emplea el método de las densidades de fuerza (FDM implementado con mallado en topología (TM, y se propone un procedimiento basado en análisis no lineal de estructuras para el refinamiento de la configuración inicial de equilibrio, permitiéndose así el empleo de las mismas herramientas tanto para el refinamiento de la solución inicial

Bush School Capstone course support : the regional impact of climate change on transportation infrastructure and decision making.

Science.gov (United States)

2009-09-01

The Master of Public Service and Administration program at Texas A&Ms Bush School of Government : and Public Service requires that all second year graduate students participate in a two semester Capstone : course. These courses represent the pract...

Bush püüdis leevendada tšehhide Vene-hirmu / Arko Olesk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Olesk, Arko, 1981-

2007-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Postimees : na russkom jazõke, 6. juuni 2007, lk. 9. Prahat külastanud USA president George W. Bush kinnitas oma kõnes, et külm sõda on läbi ning Tšehhi ei pea valima USA ja Venemaa sõbraks olemise vahel, samas kritiseeris ta Venemaad demokraatia puudumise pärast. Vt. samas: Poola langetab raketikilbi otsuse pärast Bushi visiiti

El discurso en la narrativa legal y el aborto en Argentina, tensiones y perspectivas

OpenAIRE

Perugino, Silvina

2016-01-01

La presentación que aquí se propone versa sobre dos de los capítulos del Trabajo Integrador Final de la Especialización en Género y Comunicación de la Facultad de Periodismo UNLP. El trabajo busca dar luz sobre las tensiones a la hora de legalizar el aborto en Argentina. Para ello analizaremos sobre el tópico, el rol del Estado en general y específicamente los argumentos en el Poder Legislativo, dados en el último debate, analizándolo desde una perspectiva feminista. Necesitamos para ello ...

The political impact of WTO rules : steel tariffs and the Bush administration / William L Burns

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Burns, William L

2004-01-01

USA president George W. Bush kuulutas märtsis 2002 välja 30-protsendilise tolli kehtestamise suurele osale teraseimpordist eesmärgiga aidata Ameerika terasetööstusel kohaneda välismaise terase sisseveoga. Poliitiliselt mõjuvõimas Ühendriikide terasetööstus on tollide rakendamist nõudnud juba neli aastat

Soft-tissue tension total knee arthroplasty.

Science.gov (United States)

Asano, Hiroshi; Hoshino, Akiho; Wilton, Tim J

2004-08-01

It is far from clear how best to define the proper strength of soft-tissue tensioning in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We attached a torque driver to the Monogram balancer/tensor device and measured soft-tissue tension in full extension and 90 degrees flexion during TKA. In our surgical procedure, when we felt proper soft-tissue tension was being applied, the mean distraction force was noted to be 126N in extension and 121N in flexion. There was no significant correlation between soft-tissue tension and the postoperative flexion angle finally achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the actual distraction forces in relation to soft-tissue tension in TKA. Further study may reveal the most appropriate forces to achieve proper soft-tissue tension in the wide variety of circumstances presenting at knee arthroplasty.

The floral hosts and distribution of a supposed creosote bush specialist, Colletes stepheni Timberlake (Hymenoptera: Colletidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Colletes stepheni Timberlake, previously thought to be a narrow oligolege of Larrea (creosote bush) of limited distribution in the Sonoran Desert, is found to be a much more widely distributed psammophile of the Sonoran, Mojave and Great Basin Deserts that utilizes two unrelated plant pollen sources...

Les travailleurs de la nature : une professionnalisation en tension

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arnaud Cosson

2010-12-01

are currently becoming more and more rationalized, technical, and professional, far from matching the myth of activities which would be essentially characterized by engagement, passion, or proximity with the field. People working in natural areas highlight their alignment with other types of professions, thus showing a will to convince, others and themselves, that their activity is a “genuine work”, a “genuine job”.Drawing on an empirical survey that follows a set of previous works, we seek to illuminate how this tension – between passion and rationalization, between specificity and alignment –shapes the life and practices of nature professionals in France. We investigate three levels: that of engagement conditions in the job (tensed between a claim of qualifications and skills and a claim of passion; that of professional identities (caught between the naturalist expert identity and the broker identity; that of work practices (showing an oscillation between new public management and proximity with nature.Thus, we sketch the lines of a particular and paradoxical form of professionalization, specific to job natures, which developed on a tension between rationalization and resistance to rationalization, between alignment with the standards of other professions and preservation of its specificity.Las profesiones de la naturaleza: una profesionalización en tensión.En Francia, el desarrollo de las profesiones relacionadas con la naturaleza está ligado con la oposición, a veces violenta, a la burocracia y al recurso creciente de la técnica. Sin embargo, constatamos hoy un movimiento de racionalización, technicisación y profesionalización de estas actividades, lejos de la imagen mistificada de actividades que serían caracterizadas sobre todo por el compromiso, la pasión o la proximidad con el terreno. Así, los actores trabajando en los espacios naturales subrayan su aliñamiento con otras profesiones, mostrando una voluntad de convencer(se que su

Spontaneous tension haemopneumothorax

OpenAIRE

Patterson, Benjamin Oliver; Itam, Sarah; Probst, Fey

2008-01-01

Abstract We present a patient with sudden onset progressive shortness of breath and no history of trauma, who rapidly became haemodynamically compromised with a pneumothorax and pleural effusion seen on chest radiograph. He was treated for spontaneous tension pneumothorax but this was soon revealed to be a tension haemopneumothorax. He underwent urgent thoracotomy after persistent bleeding to explore an apical vascular abnormality seen on CT scanning. To our knowledge this is the first such c...

PAX RUSSICA: AMBIGÜEDAD GEOPOLÍTICA DE LAS TENSIONES Y CONFLICTOS EN EL ESPACIO DE LA ANTIGUA UNIÓN SOVIÉTICA

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Silvia Marcu

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Una de las herencias de los últimos años del comunismo en la Unión Soviética (URSS, para la nueva Rusia, consistió en los conflictos de naturaleza étnica o confesional que estallaron cuando la opresión política del régimen dejó de paralizar el espíritu nacional. Los mismos entraron en el diccionario geopolítico postsoviético bajo la denominación de tensiones permanentes y "conflictos congelados" - frozen conflicts; su análisis parte de la idea de que sus premisas están en el pasado, y que el régimen comunista los "congeló" a través del terror dispersado a la escala de la sociedad, sin conseguir alguna vez resolverlos. El artículo presenta el laberinto de las tensiones y de los conflictos generados por la mezcla de naciones, etnias, y por la intensa fragmentación vivida en el espacio postsoviético después de la caída de la URSS. La primera parte presenta los factores condicionantes que desencadenaron dichos conflictos y tensiones, mientras que la segunda y tercera parte intentan realizar una breve síntesis de los focos más importantes donde los mismos se produjeron. Las conclusiones apuntan sobre el papel de Rusia como potencia y su influencia en la región.

Fluid technologies: The Bush Pump, the LifeStraw and microworlds of humanitarian design.

Science.gov (United States)

Redfield, Peter

2016-04-01

Over the past decade, many ingenious, small-scale gadgets have appeared in response to problems of disaster and extreme poverty. Focusing on the LifeStraw, a water filtration device invented by the company Vestergaard Frandsen, I situate this wave of humanitarian design relative to Marianne de Laet and Annemarie Mol's classic article on the Zimbabwe Bush Pump. The LifeStraw shares the Bush Pump's principle of technical minimalism, as well as its ethical desire to improve the lives of communities. Unlike the pump, however, the straw defines itself through rather than against market logic, accepting the premise that one can 'do well while doing good'. Moreover, it does not share the assumed framework of de Laet and Mol's Zimbabwean socio-technical landscape: a postcolonial state happily en route to national self-definition. Nonetheless, it clearly embodies moral affect, if in the idiom of humanitarian concern rather than development. My aim is to open up three interrelated lines of inquiry for discussion. First, I consider aspects of a postcolonial condition at the micro-level of immediate needs, including assumptions about nation-state politics and markets. Second, I emphasize science and technology in the form of infrastructure, the material frontline of norms. Third, I return reflexively to love, and the complicated allure of engagement in academic work.

Tension headache.

Science.gov (United States)

Ziegler, D K

1978-05-01

Headache is an extremely common symptom, and many headaches undoubtedly have a relationship to stressful situations. The clear definition, however, of a "tension headache" complex and its differentiation from migraine in some patients is difficult. The problems are in the identification of a specific headache pattern induced by stress or "tension" and the relationship of the symptom to involuntary contraction of neck and scalp muscles. Treatment consists of analgesics and occasionally mild tranquilizers. Psychotherapy consists of reassurance and often other supportive measures, including modification of life styles. Various feedback techniques have been reported of value, but their superiority to suggestion and hypnosis is still problematic.

Rusia a lo largo de los mandatos presidenciales de George W. Bush y Putin

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Ruth Deyermond

2015-08-01

Full Text Available El conflicto sobre la idea de democracia fue un factor clave en el deterioro de las relaciones bilaterales entre los Estados Unidos y Rusia a lo largo de la segunda etapa del mandato presidencial de George W. Bush (2005-2009. El apoyo gubernamental y no gubernamental estadounidense a la democratización de la región postsoviética fue visto por Rusia como un encubrimiento de los avances de los intereses nacionales estadounidenses en la zona, a expensas de los de Rusia. Como respuesta Rusia desarrolló estrategias prácticas y discursivas para contrarrestarlos. Los debates sobre el estado de la democracia Rusa, sobre la idea de «democracia soberana» y sobre la guía democrática (u otra de las relaciones exteriores de los Estados Unidos emergieron durante esta etapa como lugares –y evidencia– de las disputas entre ambos estados. Este artículo sostiene que la retórica de fomento de la democracia estadounidense combinada con un patrón claro de instrumentalización del concepto de democracia que alentó –en los contextos de una más general política exterior asertiva estadounidense y de las «revoluciones de colores»– la respuesta de la instrumentalización de la idea y uso de «democracia» por las élites políticas rusas, que emplearon el concepto como la base de un reto discursivo al dominio global estadounidense. Como consecuencia, no solo es el contenido del término «democracia» motivo de discusión sino que, de modo crítico, la disputa ha quedado unida a temas como la identidad estatal, la seguridad estatal y conceptos de relaciones internacionales. «Democracia», por lo tanto, parece que se mantendrá como una fuente y como un medio de articular el descontento en la relación de los Estados Unidos con Rusia y los estados de Asia Central en un futuro previsible.

Distribución de tensiones tangenciales en vigas de sección constante bajo esfuerzos cortantes

OpenAIRE

Fernández, T.; Viaño, J.; Samartín, A.

2000-01-01

En este trabajo se analizan algunos resultados obtenidos por Trabucho y Viaño, mediante desarrollos asintótico de las ecuaciones de la elasticidad tridimensional en vigas de sección constante, para la distribución de tensiones tangenciales en una sección transversal bajo la acción de un esfuerzo cortante. Se aplican, con carácter ilustrativo, a vigas con distintos tipos de secciones transversales (rectangular, circular, triangular y perfil UPN) comparando los resultados con los qu...

Tensions in Distributed Leadership

Science.gov (United States)

Ho, Jeanne; Ng, David

2017-01-01

Purpose: This article proposes the utility of using activity theory as an analytical lens to examine the theoretical construct of distributed leadership, specifically to illuminate tensions encountered by leaders and how they resolved these tensions. Research Method: The study adopted the naturalistic inquiry approach of a case study of an…

Effects of aging on the structural, mechanical, and thermal properties of the silicone rubber current transformer insulation bushing for a 500 kV substation.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Zhigao; Zhang, Xinghai; Wang, Fangqiang; Lan, Xinsheng; Zhou, Yiqian

2016-01-01

In order to analyze the cracking and aging reason of the silicone rubber current transformer (CT) insulation bushing used for 8 years from a 500 kV alternating current substation, characteristics including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, mechanical properties analysis, hardness, and thermo gravimetric analysis have been carried out. The FTIR results indicated that the external surface of the silicone rubber CT insulation bushing suffered from more serious aging than the internal part, fracture of side chain Si-C bond was much more than the backbone. Mechanical properties and thermal stability results illustrated that the main aging reasons were the breakage of side chain Si-C bond and the excessive cross-linking reaction of the backbone. This study can provide valuable basis for evaluating degradation mechanism and aging state of the silicone rubber insulation bushing in electric power field.

Using the Purdue University Public Affairs (C-SPAN) Video Archives in the Classroom To Study President George Bush and the Language of Aggression during the Persian Gulf War.

Science.gov (United States)

Schnell, Jim

This paper describes the methodology employed to study videotapes of presentations made by President George Bush during the crisis in the Persian Gulf. Analysis of President Bush's language in relation to the events of the Gulf War was undertaken. Videotapes were used because they allowed for analysis of nonverbal communication as well as verbal…

Political Struggle Over The Immigration Reform During G.W.Bush Presidency

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aleksandra Aleksandrovna Filippenko

2014-01-01

Full Text Available By the beginning of the XXI century, the US had about 12 million illegal aliens and the immigration reform was evidently much needed. The Immigration Act of 1990 was significantly outdated and required revision. Additional regulations that passed in the 1990-s had to be systematized. The White House and the president George W. Bush inclined to the comprehensive immigration reform that would include an amnesty for the certain part of the illegal aliens. Some lawmakers were ready to strike a deal, but than happened the 9/11 tragedy. Immigration reform was shelved and turned into a matter of national security. Immigration reform bills were taken into consideration only in conjunction with boarder security bills. Edward Kennedy was very much aware of the issue's complexity and the need for reform; he did all he could to reach a compromise with his fellow Republicans. John McCain became his closest ally in the reform. Democrats made considerable concessions, while moderate Republicans were willing to meet them halfway, but the conservatives would not let the Congress adopt a new legislation, calling any attempt at comprehensive immigration reform an amnesty for the criminals. During the 107-110 Congresses the immigration reform was thoroughly worked through from both sides, but the proposed bills rarely got to the floor and never passed both Houses. Even though the time has passed, suggestions offered and deals reached during the Bush presidency did not lose the edge and any new immigration legislation is going be based on the 2002-2008 bills.

POLITICAL STRUGGLE OVER THE IMMIGRATION REFORM DURING G.W.BUSH PRESIDENCY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aleksandra Aleksandrovna Filippenko

2014-01-01

Full Text Available By the beginning of the XXI century, the US had about 12 million illegal aliens and the immigration reform was evidently much needed. The Immigration Act of 1990 was significantly outdated and required revision. Additional regulations that passed in the 1990-s had to be systematized. The White House and the president George W. Bush inclined to the comprehensive immigration reform that would include an amnesty for the certain part of the illegal aliens. Some lawmakers were ready to strike a deal, but than happened the 9/11 tragedy. Immigration reform was shelved and turned into a matter of national security. Immigration reform bills were taken into consideration only in conjunction with boarder security bills. Edward Kennedy was very much aware of the issue's complexity and the need for reform; he did all he could to reach a compromise with his fellow Republicans. John McCain became his closest ally in the reform. Democrats made considerable concessions, while moderate Republicans were willing to meet them halfway, but the conservatives would not let the Congress adopt a new legislation, calling any attempt at comprehensive immigration reform an amnesty for the criminals. During the 107-110 Congresses the immigration reform was thoroughly worked through from both sides, but the proposed bills rarely got to the floor and never passed both Houses. Even though the time has passed, suggestions offered and deals reached during the Bush presidency did not lose the edge and any new immigration legislation is going be based on the 2002-2008 bills.

Tension pneumocephalus: Mount Fuji sign

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Pulastya Sanyal

2015-01-01

Full Text Available A 13-year-old male was operated for a space occupying lesion in the brain. A noncontrast computed tomography scan done in the late postoperative period showed massive subdural air collection causing compression of bilateral frontal lobes with widening of interhemispheric fissure and the frontal lobes acquiring a peak like configuration - causing tension pneumocephalus-"Mount Fuji sign." Tension pneumocephalus occurs when air enters the extradural or intradural spaces in sufficient volume to exert a mass or pressure effect on the brain, leading to brain herniation. Tension pneumocephalus is a surgical emergency, which needs immediate intervention in the form of decompression of the cranial cavity by a burr hole or needle aspiration. The Mount Fuji sign differentiates tension pneumocephalus from pneumocephalus.

Transmissibility of Leishmania infantum from maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and bush dogs (Speothos venaticus) to Lutzomyia longipalpis.

Science.gov (United States)

Mol, Juliana P S; Soave, Semíramis A; Turchetti, Andréia P; Pinheiro, Guilherme R G; Pessanha, Angela T; Malta, Marcelo C C; Tinoco, Herlandes P; Figueiredo, Luiza A; Gontijo, Nelder F; Paixão, Tatiane A; Fujiwara, Ricardo T; Santos, Renato L

2015-09-15

Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is the cause of visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas. The disease is transmitted mostly through the bite of the invertebrate vector, the phlebotomine Lutzomyia longipalpis in the New World. Although the domestic dog is considered the most important reservoir of the disease, other mammalian, including wildlife, are susceptible to infection. The goal of this study was to perform xenodiagnosis to evaluate the capacity of naturally infected maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and bush dogs (Speothos venaticus) to transmit Leishmania infantum to female sand flies (L. longipalpis). Xenodiagnoses were performed in February and August, 2013, when 77.7% (three maned wolves and four bush dogs) or 100% of the animals were positive, respectively. However, parasite loads in the engorged sand flies was low (longipalpis, although the parasite loads in engorged phlebotomines exposed to these animals were very low. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Interculturalidad y Educación en Argentina desde una Perspectiva Comparativa

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Gabriela Novaro

2017-09-01

Full Text Available En este artículo ponemos en relación dos investigaciones, una desarrollada en aldeas mbya guaraníes del noreste de Argentina, otra, en una localidad cercana a Buenos Aires habitada por migrantes provenientes de Bolivia. A pesar de las diferencias, en ambos casos se trata de colectivos en situación de desplazamiento y pobreza, que apuestan por la continuidad identitaria y advierten profundas discontinuidades en la transmisión generacional. Centrándonos en espacios familiares y comunitarios reconstruimos los significados de prácticas que se transmiten a los niños y jóvenes fuertemente vinculadas a los procesos de identificación. Advertimos las tensiones entre estas prácticas y expectativas educativas y los mandatos escolares vigentes.

Shape accuracy optimization for cable-rib tension deployable antenna structure with tensioned cables

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Ruiwei; Guo, Hongwei; Liu, Rongqiang; Wang, Hongxiang; Tang, Dewei; Song, Xiaoke

2017-11-01

Shape accuracy is of substantial importance in deployable structures as the demand for large-scale deployable structures in various fields, especially in aerospace engineering, increases. The main purpose of this paper is to present a shape accuracy optimization method to find the optimal pretensions for the desired shape of cable-rib tension deployable antenna structure with tensioned cables. First, an analysis model of the deployable structure is established by using finite element method. In this model, geometrical nonlinearity is considered for the cable element and beam element. Flexible deformations of the deployable structure under the action of cable network and tensioned cables are subsequently analyzed separately. Moreover, the influence of pretension of tensioned cables on natural frequencies is studied. Based on the results, a genetic algorithm is used to find a set of reasonable pretension and thus minimize structural deformation under the first natural frequency constraint. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to analyze the deployable structure under two kinds of constraints. Results show that the shape accuracy and natural frequencies of deployable structure can be effectively improved by pretension optimization.

Spontaneous tension haemopneumothorax.

Science.gov (United States)

Patterson, Benjamin Oliver; Itam, Sarah; Probst, Fey

2008-10-31

We present a patient with sudden onset progressive shortness of breath and no history of trauma, who rapidly became haemodynamically compromised with a pneumothorax and pleural effusion seen on chest radiograph. He was treated for spontaneous tension pneumothorax but this was soon revealed to be a tension haemopneumothorax. He underwent urgent thoracotomy after persistent bleeding to explore an apical vascular abnormality seen on CT scanning. To our knowledge this is the first such case reported.Aetiology and current approach to spontaneous haemothorax are discussed briefly.

FINITE-ELEMENT MODELING OF HOT FORMING OF BUSHES MADE FROM HIGH-STRENGTH CAST IRON WITH A GRADIENT DISTRIBUTION OF GRAPHITE INCLUSIONS OVER CROSS-SECTION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. I. Pokrovsky

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Imitation modeling of direct hot extrusion of bushes made from high-strength cast iron is performed using finite-element method. The evolution of stress and strain fields during processing and the probability of crack formation are evaluated. The specific feature of the work is that during hot forming a special technique was used which permitted obtaining a gradient distribution of graphite inclusions over the cross-section of bushes. The results of modeling are used in certain technologies which are implemented in industrial practice.

Membrane tension regulates clathrin-coated pit dynamics

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Allen

2014-03-01

Intracellular organization depends on close communication between the extracellular environment and a network of cytoskeleton filaments. The interactions between cytoskeletal filaments and the plasma membrane lead to changes in membrane tension that in turns help regulate biological processes. Endocytosis is thought to be stimulated by low membrane tension and the removal of membrane increases membrane tension. While it is appreciated that the opposing effects of exocytosis and endocytosis have on keeping plasma membrane tension to a set point, it is not clear how membrane tension affects the dynamics of clathrin-coated pits (CCPs), the individual functional units of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, although it was recently shown that actin dynamics counteracts membrane tension during CCP formation, it is not clear what roles plasma membrane tension plays during CCP initiation. Based on the notion that plasma membrane tension is increased when the membrane area increases during cell spreading, we designed micro-patterned surfaces of different sizes to control the cell spreading sizes. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy of living cells and high content image analysis were used to quantify the dynamics of CCPs. We found that there is an increased proportion of CCPs with short (<20s) lifetime for cells on larger patterns. Interestingly, cells on larger patterns have higher CCP initiation density, an effect unexpected based on the conventional view of decreasing endocytosis with increasing membrane tension. Furthermore, by analyzing the intensity profiles of CCPs that were longer-lived, we found CCP intensity decreases with increasing cell size, indicating that the CCPs are smaller with increasing membrane tension. Finally, disruption of actin dynamics significantly increased the number of short-lived CCPs, but also decreased CCP initiation rate. Together, our study reveals new mechanistic insights into how plasma membrane tension regulates

Rose bush leaf and internode expansion dynamics: analysis and development of a model capturing interplant variability

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Sabine eDemotes-Mainard

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Bush rose architecture, among other factors, such as plant health, determines plant visual quality. The commercial product is the individual plant and interplant variability may be high within a crop. Thus, both mean plant architecture and interplant variability should be studied. Expansion is an important feature of architecture, but it has been little studied at the level of individual organs in bush roses. We investigated the expansion kinetics of primary shoot organs, to develop a model reproducing the organ expansion of real crops from non destructive input variables. We took interplant variability in expansion kinetics and the model’s ability to simulate this variability into account. Changes in leaflet and internode dimensions over thermal time were recorded for primary shoot expansion, on 83 plants from three crops grown in different climatic conditions and densities. An empirical model was developed, to reproduce organ expansion kinetics for individual plants of a real crop of bush rose primary shoots. Leaflet or internode length was simulated as a logistic function of thermal time. The model was evaluated by cross-validation. We found that differences in leaflet or internode expansion kinetics between phytomer positions and between plants at a given phytomer position were due mostly to large differences in time of organ expansion and expansion rate, rather than differences in expansion duration. Thus, in the model, the parameters linked to expansion duration were predicted by values common to all plants, whereas variability in final size and organ expansion time was captured by input data. The model accurately simulated leaflet and internode expansion for individual plants (RMSEP = 7.3% and 10.2% of final length, respectively. Thus, this study defines the measurements required to simulate expansion and provides the first model simulating organ expansion in rosebush to capture interplant variability.

Spontaneous tension haemopneumothorax

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Itam Sarah

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract We present a patient with sudden onset progressive shortness of breath and no history of trauma, who rapidly became haemodynamically compromised with a pneumothorax and pleural effusion seen on chest radiograph. He was treated for spontaneous tension pneumothorax but this was soon revealed to be a tension haemopneumothorax. He underwent urgent thoracotomy after persistent bleeding to explore an apical vascular abnormality seen on CT scanning. To our knowledge this is the first such case reported. Aetiology and current approach to spontaneous haemothorax are discussed briefly.

Effects of high fire frequency in creosote bush scrub vegetation of the Mojave Desert

Science.gov (United States)

Brooks, M.L.

2012-01-01

Plant invasions can increase fire frequency in desert ecosystems where fires were historically infrequent. Although there are many resource management concerns associated with high frequency fire in deserts, fundamental effects on plant community characteristics remain largely unstudied. Here I describe the effects of fire frequency on creosote bush scrub vegetation in the Mojave Desert, USA. Biomass of the invasive annual grass Bromus rubens L. increased following fire, but did not increase further with additional fires. In contrast, density, cover and species richness of native perennial plants each decreased following fire and continued to decrease with subsequent fires, although not as dramatically as after the initial fire. Responses were similar 5 and 14 years post-fire, except that cover of Hymenoclea salsola Torr. & A. Gray and Achnatherum speciosa Trin. & Rupr. both increased in areas burnt once. These results suggest that control of B. rubens may be equally warranted after one, two or three fires, but revegetation of native perennial plants is most warranted following multiple fires. These results are valid within the scope of this study, which is defined as relatively short term vegetation responses (???14 years) to short fire return intervals (6.3 and 7.3 years for the two and three fire frequency levels) within creosote bush scrub of the Mojave Desert. ?? 2012 IAWF.

Initial tension loss in cerclage cables.

Science.gov (United States)

Ménard, Jérémie; Émard, Maxime; Canet, Fanny; Brailovski, Vladimir; Petit, Yvan; Laflamme, George Y

2013-10-01

Cerclage cables, frequently used in the management of fractures and osteotomies, are associated with a high failure rate and significant loosening during surgery. This study compared the capacity to maintain tension of different types of orthopaedic cable systems. Multifilament Cobalt-Chrome (CoCr) cables with four different crimp/clamp devices (DePuy, Stryker, Zimmer and Smith&Nephew) and one non-metallic Nylon (Ny) cable from Kinamed were instrumented with a load cell to measure tension during insertion. Significant tension loss was observed with crimping for all cables (Ptensioner led to an additional unexpected tension loss (CoCr-DePuy: 18%, CoCr-Stryker: 29%, CoCr-Smith&Nephew: 33%, Ny: 46%, and CoCr-Zimmer: 52%). The simple CoCr (DePuy) cable system outperformed the more sophisticated locking devices due to its significantly better ability to prevent tension loss. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Toward a general psychological model of tension and suspense.

Science.gov (United States)

Lehne, Moritz; Koelsch, Stefan

2015-01-01

Tension and suspense are powerful emotional experiences that occur in a wide variety of contexts (e.g., in music, film, literature, and everyday life). The omnipresence of tension and suspense suggests that they build on very basic cognitive and affective mechanisms. However, the psychological underpinnings of tension experiences remain largely unexplained, and tension and suspense are rarely discussed from a general, domain-independent perspective. In this paper, we argue that tension experiences in different contexts (e.g., musical tension or suspense in a movie) build on the same underlying psychological processes. We discuss key components of tension experiences and propose a domain-independent model of tension and suspense. According to this model, tension experiences originate from states of conflict, instability, dissonance, or uncertainty that trigger predictive processes directed at future events of emotional significance. We also discuss possible neural mechanisms underlying tension and suspense. The model provides a theoretical framework that can inform future empirical research on tension phenomena.

Active vibration reduction of rigid rotor by kinematic excitation of bushes of journal bearings

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J. Ondrouch

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Possibilities of active lateral vibration reduction of a symmetric, rigid rotor supported by journal bearings are given. They were obtained by computational modelling. Efficiency of the feedback P and PD controllers in the stable revolution interval was examined. The linearized rotor system model was used. The results of the theoretical analysis are assigned for a testing stand where the bearing bush motions are deactivated by piezoelectric actuators connected to the controllers.

Tension type headaches: a review

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Location of the pain:There is often a typical location for tension- type headaches, as ... Cranial nerve abnormalities, including papilloedema. • Signs of ... peripheral and central mechanisms underlie tension-type ... Physiotherapy has been shown to be an effective management option for .... Acupuncture in primary headache.

Post-tensioning system surveillance program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Drew, G.E.

1979-01-01

Nuclear power plant containment structure post-tensioning system tendon surveillance program is described in detail. Data collected over three yearly post-tensioning system Surveillance Programs is presented and evaluated to correlate anticipated stress losses with actual losses. In addition corrosion protected system performance is analyzed

The study and design of tension controller

Science.gov (United States)

Jun, G.; Lamei, X.

2018-02-01

Tension control is a wide used technology in areas such as textiles, paper and plastic films. In this article, the tension control system release and winding process is analyzed and the mathematical model of tension control system is established, and a high performance tension controller is designed. In hardware design, STM32F130 single chip microcomputer is used as the control core, which has the characteristics of fast running speed and rich peripheral features. In software design, μC/OS-II operating system is introduced to improve the efficiency of single chip microcomputer, and enhance the independence of each module, and make development and maintenance more convenient. The taper tension control is adopted in the winding part, which can effectively solve the problem of rolling shrinkage. The results show that the tension controller has the characteristics of simple structure, easy operation and stable performance.

Livelihoods, economic contribution and sustainability of the bush mango (Irvingia gabonensis) value chain from three provinces of Gabon

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Iponga, D.M.; Yobo, C.M.; Ingram, V.J.; Bengone, N.N.; Ngoye, A.

2018-01-01

In the Congo Basin, the economic, social and environmental value of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), such as bush mango (Irvingia gabonensis) is widely acknowledged. However, knowledge of the volumes traded, extent and distribution of revenues along the value chain is limited while little is

El Mercosur como una prioridad de la política exterior brasileña

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miriam GOMES SARAIVA

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: En este artículo se presentan los antecedentes, constitución y primeros momentos del proceso de integración emprendido por Brasil, Argentina, Paraguay y Uruguay. Desde una perspectiva brasileña, la autora señala de qué manera una historia caracterizada por las tensiones diplomáticas fue convirtiéndose en un presente definido por metas comunes. También analiza los factores externos e internos que impulsaron a Brasil a la estrategia de la integración. Finalmente resume algunos de los avances económicos e institucionales conseguidos a lo largo del proceso y que definen el modelo de inserción de la economía brasileña en la mundial.ABSTRACT: In this article there are displayed the antecedents, constitution and first moments of the process of integration undetaken by Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. From a brazilean perspective, the author specifies the way in which a history of diplomacy tensions ends with common goals. There are also described the external and internal factors which impulsed Brazil into the strategy of integration. Finally, the author resumes some of the economic and institutional advances got during the process which define the model of insertion of brazilean economy in the world market.

Tension and robustness in multitasking cellular networks.

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Jeffrey V Wong

Full Text Available Cellular networks multitask by exhibiting distinct, context-dependent dynamics. However, network states (parameters that generate a particular dynamic are often sub-optimal for others, defining a source of "tension" between them. Though multitasking is pervasive, it is not clear where tension arises, what consequences it has, and how it is resolved. We developed a generic computational framework to examine the source and consequences of tension between pairs of dynamics exhibited by the well-studied RB-E2F switch regulating cell cycle entry. We found that tension arose from task-dependent shifts in parameters associated with network modules. Although parameter sets common to distinct dynamics did exist, tension reduced both their accessibility and resilience to perturbation, indicating a trade-off between "one-size-fits-all" solutions and robustness. With high tension, robustness can be preserved by dynamic shifting of modules, enabling the network to toggle between tasks, and by increasing network complexity, in this case by gene duplication. We propose that tension is a general constraint on the architecture and operation of multitasking biological networks. To this end, our work provides a framework to quantify the extent of tension between any network dynamics and how it affects network robustness. Such analysis would suggest new ways to interfere with network elements to elucidate the design principles of cellular networks.

Mentoring Preservice Teachers: Identifying Tensions and Possible Resolutions

Science.gov (United States)

Hudson, Peter; Hudson, Sue

2018-01-01

Tensions can occur in the mentor-mentee relationship during school-based professional experiences that require problem solving. What are the tensions for mentor teachers in preservice teacher education and how might these tensions be resolved? This qualitative study collected data from 31 high school mentor teachers about tensions experienced with…

Intrinsic versus extrinsic controls on the development of calcite dendrite bushes, Shuzhishi Spring, Rehai geothermal area, Tengchong, Yunnan Province, China

Science.gov (United States)

Jones, Brian; Peng, Xiaotong

2012-04-01

In the Rehai geothermal area, located near Tengchong, there is an old succession of crystalline calcite that formed from a spring that is no longer active. The thin-bedded succession, exposed on the south bank of Zaotang River, is formed of three-dimensional dendrite bushes that are up to 6 cm high and 3 cm in diameter with multiple levels of branching. Bedding is defined by color, which ranges from white to gray to almost black and locally accentuated by differential weathering that highlights the branching motif of the dendrites. The succession developed through repeated tripartite growth cycles that involved: Phase I that was characterized by rapid vertical growth of the dendrite bushes with ever-increasing branching; Phase II that developed once growth of the dendrites had almost or totally ceased, and involved an initial phase of etching that was followed by the precipitation of various secondary minerals (sheet calcite, trigonal calcite crystals, hexagonal calcite crystals, hexagonal plates formed of Ca and P, Mn precipitates, Si-Mg reticulate coatings, opal-CT lepispheres) on the branches of the calcite dendrites, and Phase III that involved deposition of detrital quartz, feldspar, clay, and calcite on top of the dendrite bushes. The tripartite growth cycle is attributed primarily to aperiodic cycles in the CO2 content of the spring water that was controlled by subsurface igneous activity rather than climatic controls. High CO2 coupled with rapid CO2 degassing triggered growth of the dendrite bushes. As CO2 levels waned, saturation levels in the spring water decreased and calcite dendrite growth ceased and precipitation of the secondary minerals took place, possibly in the microcosms of microbial mats. Deposition of the detrital sediment was probably related to surface runoff that was triggered by periods of high rainfall. Critically, this study shows that intrinsic factors rather than extrinsic factors (e.g., climate) were the prime control on the

Una escuela de todos y para todos. Las prácticas escolares en la transición democrática

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Ramón LÓPEZ MARTÍN

2010-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Lejos de agotar el estudio de los planteamientos escolares en esta etapa de nuestra historia reciente, temática que reclama ya mayor atención de los historiadores de la educación, nos proponemos en este artículo aproximarnos a las claves explicativas de los cambios acontecidos en el interior de nuestras escuelas, con atención preferente a los modos y formas de implementar el trabajo escolar en el aula, durante ese tránsito de una escuela centrada en el rendimiento y la búsqueda de una respuesta eficaz a las tensiones políticas de la sociedad del tardofranquismo a una enseñanza al servicio de la convivencia democrática en una escuela de todos y para todos. ABSTRACT: Far from exhausting the study of the school programmes in this stage of our recent history, a topic which is already drawing a major interest from researchers of the history of education, this article intends to be an approach to the keys explaining the changes within our schools, especially the ways of implementing school work in the classroom, during the transitional period from a school focused on achievement and the search of an efficient response to the political tension of the late francoist society, and a school in the service of the democratic convivence in a school of all and for all.

UNA INTERPRETACIÓN ESTRATÉGICA DE LAS NIIF PARA PYMES EN BOGOTÁ

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Santiago Garcia Carvajal

2017-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo plantea una visión estratégica para Administradores de las NIIF para PYMEs al desarrollar una triangulación entre las 35 secciones de las NIIF para Pymes y las diferentes nociones estratégicas que deben coexistir en los negocios para lograr la sostenibilidad a largo plazo. El equilibrio entre el todo y las partes, la rentabilidad vs el crecimiento, y largo plazo vs el corto plazo. El instrumento de investigación evalúa la formulación de unas preguntas que combinan el beneficio común entre cada una de las tensiones anteriormente mencionadas y el contenido de las secciones NIIF para pymes. Sometiendo estas preguntas a evaluación entre los Microempresarios del grupo 3 en Bogotá, se obtiene un entorno percibido desequilibrado en favor del crecimiento y la rentabilidad a expensas de la sostenibilidad a largo plazo. El cuadro de mando integral es una herramienta descriptiva para reorientar y anticiparse a esa racionalidad estratégica del emprendedor. En este caso se tuvieron en cuenta los componentes factoriales que arroja una prueba de interdependencia, para destacar la importancia y prevalencia que deberían tomar algunas secciones de las NIIF en la Microempresa, así mismo el Cuadro de Mando ofrece oportunidades de creación estratégica subsecuente a la luz de los resultados.

EFECTO DE LA ALTURA DEL MANGUITO EN UNIONES SOLDADAS EN CAÑERÍAS DE COBRE BUSHING HEIGHT EFFECT IN SOLDERED COPPER PIPE JOINTS

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Víctor Carmona

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Se perforó un tubo de cobre de 28,6 mm de diámetro, por el proceso de taladrado por fluencia térmica (TFT. Se prepararon manguitos de diferentes alturas, haciendo un preperforado con brocas convencionales HSS de diferentes diámetros. Se seleccionaron manguitos de dos alturas diferentes. Se determinó la circularidad de la perforación. Se soldó un tubo cobre de ø 12,7 mm en forma perpendicular a un tubo de cobre de ø 28,6 mm y se determinó la resistencia a la tracción de la unión soldada, para lo cual se diseñó un dispositivo mecánico que fue adaptado en la máquina universal de ensayos. Se hicieron ensayos de microdureza y metalografía de la unión. Se concluyó que el manguito de menor altura es suficiente para que la unión alcance la máxima resistencia.Copper tubes were drilled with thermal flow drilling. Conventional HSS drills diameters were used to make pre drilling holes. Different height bushings were made. Two of the bushing heights were selected. The bushing circularity was measured. A ø 12,7 mm tube was welded perpendicularly on a ø 28,6 mm tube. A especial support device was designed and it was adapted to the Universal Test Machine, to determine the tensile stress of the brazing joint. The micro hardness and metallographic test were made in the brazing zone. As a conclusion the lower height bushing is enough to reach the maximum resistance.

Perceiving the affordance of string tension for power strokes in badminton: expertise allows effective use of all string tensions.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Qin

2013-01-01

Affordances mean opportunities for action. These affordances are important for sports performance and relevant to the abilities developed by skilled athletes. In racquet sports such as badminton, different players prefer widely different string tension because it is believed to provide opportunities for effective strokes. The current study examined whether badminton players can perceive the affordance of string tension for power strokes and whether the perception of affordance itself changed as a function of skill level. The results showed that string tension constrained the striking performance of both novice and recreational players, but not of expert players. When perceptual capability was assessed, perceptual mode did not affect perception of the optimal string tension. Skilled players successfully perceived the affordance of string tension, but only experts were concerned about saving energy. Our findings demonstrated that perception of the affordance of string tension in badminton was determined by action abilities. Furthermore, experts could adjust the action to maintain a superior level of performance based on the perception of affordance.

Tension waves in tethered satellite cables

Science.gov (United States)

Lallman, F. J.

1984-01-01

A one-degree-of-freedom simulation of the Tethered Satellite System (TSS) was programmed using a distributed system model of the tether based on the one-dimensional wave equation. This model represents the time varying tension profile along the tether as the sum of two traveling waves of tension moving in opposite directions. A control loop was devised which combines a deployment rate command with the measured tension at the deployer to produce a smooth, stable rate of deployment of the subsatellite. Simulation results show a buildup of periodic bursts of high frequency oscillation in tension. This report covers the mathematical modelling and simulation results and explains the reason for the observed oscillations. The design of a possible vibration damping device is discussed.

La agudización de las tensiones globales. Análisis de la crisis del orden unipolar y los conflictos geoestratégicos desde una perspectiva centro-periferia

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Patricio Narodowski

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN En el presente trabajo rescatamos el par conceptual centro-periferia para abordar la situación geopolítica de acuerdo a los siguientes problemas: la complejidad económica de los territorios y sus condicionamientos a las relaciones de poder, la cuestión del unipolarismo-multipolarismo, la transición histórica que se desarrolla entre un mundo unipolar y un mundo multipolar, así como la resultante crisis de hegemonía. Luego de introducirnos en la problemática a trabajar, nos concentramos en cuatro ejes: a la pugna en los Estados Unidos entre la estrategia neo-conservadora y la estrategia neo-realista; b caracterizamos los principales bloques de poder en pugna, que dan lugar a un escenario de multipolaridad relativa; c el lugar de América Latina, el problema de la primarización económica y la búsqueda de autonomía; y d, a modo de conclusión, nos remitimos a los BRICS y los conflictos geoestratégicos que se despliegan en una situación de crisis del orden mundial y, como tendencia, de agudización de las tensiones globales. ABSTRACT In this paper we rescued the couple conceptual center-periphery to address the geopolitical situation according to the following issues: the economic complexity of the territories and their conditioning to power relations, the question of unipolarity-multipolarity, the historical transition that develops between a unipolar world and a multipolar world and the resulting crisis of hegemony. We concentrate on four areas: a the struggle in the United States between the neo-conservative strategy and the neo-realistic strategy; b characterize the main competing power blocs, leading to a scenario of multipolarity relative; c the place of Latin America, the problem of economic primarization and the search for autonomy; d, by way of conclusion, we refer to the BRICS and geostrategic conflicts that unfold in a crisis of the world order and, as a trend, peaking of global tensions.

Buffalo, bush meat, and the zoonotic threat of brucellosis in Botswana.

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Kathleen Anne Alexander

Full Text Available Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance infecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Little is known about the epidemiology and persistence of brucellosis in wildlife in Southern Africa, particularly in Botswana.Archived wildlife samples from Botswana (1995-2000 were screened with the Rose Bengal Test (RBT and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA and included the African buffalo (247, bushbuck (1, eland (5, elephant (25, gemsbok (1, giraffe (9, hartebeest (12, impala (171, kudu (27, red lechwe (10, reedbuck (1, rhino (2, springbok (5, steenbok (2, warthog (24, waterbuck (1, wildebeest (33, honey badger (1, lion (43, and zebra (21. Human case data were extracted from government annual health reports (1974-2006.Only buffalo (6%, 95% CI 3.04%-8.96% and giraffe (11%, 95% CI 0-38.43% were confirmed seropositive on both tests. Seropositive buffalo were widely distributed across the buffalo range where cattle density was low. Human infections were reported in low numbers with most infections (46% occurring in children (<14 years old and no cases were reported among people working in the agricultural sector.Low seroprevalence of brucellosis in Botswana buffalo in a previous study in 1974 and again in this survey suggests an endemic status of the disease in this species. Buffalo, a preferred source of bush meat, is utilized both legally and illegally in Botswana. Household meat processing practices can provide widespread pathogen exposure risk to family members and the community, identifying an important source of zoonotic pathogen transmission potential. Although brucellosis may be controlled in livestock populations, public health officials need to be alert to the possibility of human infections arising from the use of bush meat. This study illustrates the need for a unified approach in infectious disease research that includes consideration of both domestic and wildlife sources of infection in determining public health risks from

Ecuador: una democracia inestable

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Juan J. Paz y Miño Cepeda

2009-12-01

Full Text Available En 1979, tras una década de dictaduras militares, se inició la fase constitucional más larga en la historia del Ecuador. Ésta se levantó sobre las herencias del pasado y se caracterizó, de manera fundamental, por el tránsito desde un modelo estatal-desarrollista hacia uno de tipo empresarial, por el aparecimiento de nuevos agentes sociales, el multipartidismo político, la regionalización nacional, la presencia multicultural y la inserción del país en nuevas relaciones internacionales. Pero esos procesos trajeron como consecuencias centrales: la edificación de una economía inequitativa, una sociedad tensionada, la desestructuración institucional, la precarización del trabajo y la debilidad con la que la nación ha enfrentado el nuevo mundo unipolar. Todo ello ha configurado un cuadro de riesgos para la incipiente democracia. El Ecuador contemporáneo tiene, por tanto, una serie de desafíos económicos, sociales y políticos para escapar a la inestabilidad que ha acompañado a la construcción de su modernización democrática.___________________ABSTRACT:In 1979, after one decade of military dictatorships, the longest constitutional phase in the history of Ecuador was initiated. It was built upon the inheritance of the past and can be fundamentally characterized by the transition from a model that focused on the state as developing the economy (State-model to a model that focused on private business (enterprise-model. The appearance of new social agents, a multiparty system, national regionalization, multicultural presence and the country´s new international relationships are processes which show some important consequences: the establishment of an unequal economy, a society under tension, the breakdown of institutional structures, the vulnerability of working conditions and the weakness with which the nation faced the new polarized world. All this might put into danger this incipient democracy. And this is why Ecuador in these

High-voltage-powered transistorized preamplifier; Pre-amplificateur transistorise avec alimentation haute tension; Vysokovol'tnyj ehnergeticheskij predvaritel'nyj usilitel' na tranzistorakh; Preamplificador transistorizado alimentado con alta tension

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wilson, Jr, W E; Wakefield, A W [University of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

1962-04-15

utilise un cable coaxial a basse impedance pour la ligne de transmission et un circuit a cathode asservie ou du type emetteur asservi pour obtenir l'adaptation d'impedance necessaire. Les auteurs decrivent un circuit a emetteur asservi inedit, mis au point a l'Universite de l'Etat de Washington ou il a donne d'excellents resultats. Ce circuit emetteur asservi est inedit en ce sens que le circuit transistorise est branche sur la haute tension qui alimente le compteur de rayonnements. Les deux transistors a jonction pnp montes dans le preamplificateur donnent un gain de tension de un sur l'ensemble de la gamme dynamique, qui s'etend de 1 mV a 5 V. Une petite diode Zener assure la stabilite de la tension de travail dans le circuit emetteur asservi. La consommation de courant d'un ensemble type detecteur-emetteur asservi-cable intermediaire se situe entre 0,35 et 0,65 milliamperes lorsque la haute tension alimentant le detecteur varie de 800 a 1500 volts. Le dispositif permet de transmettre des signaux sur une ligne coaxiale de 500 pieds (152 m environ) de long et d'une impedance de 52 ohms, moyennant une perte d'amplitude de l'ordre de 25%; il a donne d'excellents resultats avec des detecteurs a scintillations et des detecteurs de neutrons a BF{sub 3}. (author) [Spanish] Uno de los problemas que suelen plantearse en la electronica nuclear es el de acoplar la senal procedente de un detector de radiaciones, de tipo de impulsos, cuya impedancia sea elevada a una linea de transmision de baja impedancia. Asi por ejemplo los detectores de radiaciones a menudo estan separados por distancias considerables de su equipo electronico asociado y es preciso encontrar una manera eficaz de transmitir la senal del detector a dicho equipo electronico. En la practica, para lograr el ajuste de impedancias requerido, se utiliza un cable coaxial de baja impedancia en la linea de transmision y un amplificador catodico o su analogo transistorizado. En este documento se describe un circuito

Optic nerve oxygen tension

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

la Cour, M; Kiilgaard, Jens Folke; Eysteinsson, T

2000-01-01

To investigate the influence of acute changes in intraocular pressure on the oxygen tension in the vicinity of the optic nerve head under control conditions and after intravenous administration of 500 mg of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dorzolamide.......To investigate the influence of acute changes in intraocular pressure on the oxygen tension in the vicinity of the optic nerve head under control conditions and after intravenous administration of 500 mg of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dorzolamide....

Investigar la experiencia de inserción profesional de una maestra de infantil en prácticas, a través de un relato autobiográfico

OpenAIRE

Cadavieco Ríos, Virginia

2013-01-01

Este trabajo se centra en el desarrollo de una historia de vida durante el periodo de prácticas, en orden a contemplar aquellos aspectos personales y profesionales que afectan a la formación inicial de maestros/as de infantil. a partir de un relato biográfico, se extraen una serie de categorías de análisis, a través de las cuales reflejar procesos, tensiones y necesidades vinculadas con el practicum del grado. En la última parte, se exponen una serie de conclusiones orientadas a la mejora en ...

Urinary incontinence - tension-free vaginal tape

Science.gov (United States)

... ency/article/007377.htm Urinary incontinence - tension-free vaginal tape To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Placement of tension-free vaginal tape is surgery to help control stress urinary ...

Candidates stick to party guns. In lieu of new healthcare plans, Bush, Gore follow party reform proposals.

Science.gov (United States)

Gardner, J; Hallam, K

2000-07-03

As the Democratic and GOP nominating conventions approach next month, presumptive nominees Al Gore and George W. Bush are offering no new healthcare plans, both preferring to ride the healthcare waves already set in motion by their respective party's leadership. And the really interesting thing is, the plans aren't that different. Call it creeping incrementalism.

Relações Brasil e Estados Unidos no período Bush: expectativas e frustrações

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Virgílio Caixeta Arraes

2012-09-01

The article deals with the political and economic relationship between Brazil and United States during the George W Bush mandate (2001-2008. It  discusses the failed attempt to establish a hemispheric free trade agreement, due to the American protectionism, and to expand the use of biofuel. Finally, it also discusses the creation of the Fourth Fleet.

Damage development in woven fabric composites during tension-tension fatigue

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, U.

1999-01-01

of the operating fatigue damage mechanism(s). Fatigue leads to a degradation of material properties. Consequently, in connection with impact induced local stress raisers, fatigue produces continuously changing non-uniform stress fields because of stress redistribution effects. Other models addressing evolution...... of fatigue damage in composite materials have not been able to simulate evolving nonuniform stress fields. Therefore. in the second part of this paper, an analytical/numerical approach capable of addressing these issues is also proposed.......Impacted woven fabric composites were tested in tension-tension fatigue. In contrast to results from static testing, the effects of low energy impact damage in a fatigue environment were found to be the critical element leading to failure of the specimen. This difference emphasizes the need...

Speaker and Observer Perceptions of Physical Tension during Stuttering.

Science.gov (United States)

Tichenor, Seth; Leslie, Paula; Shaiman, Susan; Yaruss, J Scott

2017-01-01

Speech-language pathologists routinely assess physical tension during evaluation of those who stutter. If speakers experience tension that is not visible to clinicians, then judgments of severity may be inaccurate. This study addressed this potential discrepancy by comparing judgments of tension by people who stutter and expert clinicians to determine if clinicians could accurately identify the speakers' experience of physical tension. Ten adults who stutter were audio-video recorded in two speaking samples. Two board-certified specialists in fluency evaluated the samples using the Stuttering Severity Instrument-4 and a checklist adapted for this study. Speakers rated their tension using the same forms, and then discussed their experiences in a qualitative interview so that themes related to physical tension could be identified. The degree of tension reported by speakers was higher than that observed by specialists. Tension in parts of the body that were less visible to the observer (chest, abdomen, throat) was reported more by speakers than by specialists. The thematic analysis revealed that speakers' experience of tension changes over time and that these changes may be related to speakers' acceptance of stuttering. The lack of agreement between speaker and specialist perceptions of tension suggests that using self-reports is a necessary component for supporting the accurate diagnosis of tension in stuttering. © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel.

New functionally dioecious bush tomato from northwestern Australia, Solanum ossicruentum , may utilize ?trample burr? dispersal

OpenAIRE

Martine, Christopher T.; Cantley, Jason T.; Frawley, Emma S.; Butler, Alice R.; Jordon-Thaden, Ingrid E.

2016-01-01

Abstract A new Australian species of functionally dioecious bush tomato of Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum is described. Solanum ossicruentum Martine & J.Cantley, sp. nov., is thought to be allied with members of the problematic ?Dioicum Complex? lineage, but differs in its short silvery indumentum, long calyx lobes, larger stature, and an unusual fruit morphology that may represent ?trample burr? seed dispersal. The species occurs in a range extending from the eastern Kimberley in Western Aus...

The tension of framed membranes from computer simulations

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hamkens, Daniel; Jeppesen, Claus; Ipsen, John H.

2018-01-01

the membranes display power-law characteristics for the equation of state, while higher tension levels includes both an extended linear (elastic) as well as a highly non-linear stretching regime. For semi-flexible membranes a transition from extended to buckled conformations takes place at negative frame......Abstract.: We have analyzed the behavior of a randomly triangulated, self-avoiding surface model of a flexible, fluid membrane subject to a circular boundary by Wang-Landau Monte Carlo computer simulation techniques. The dependence of the canonical free energy and frame tension on the frame area...... is obtained for flexible membranes. It is shown that for low bending rigidities the framed membrane is only stable above a threshold tension, suggesting a discontinuous transition from the collapsed (branched polymer) state to a finite tension extended state. In a tension range above this threshold tension...

Assessment and reduction of diaphragmatic tension during hiatal hernia repair.

Science.gov (United States)

Bradley, Daniel Davila; Louie, Brian E; Farivar, Alexander S; Wilshire, Candice L; Baik, Peter U; Aye, Ralph W

2015-04-01

During hiatal hernia repair there are two vectors of tension: axial and radial. An optimal repair minimizes the tension along these vectors. Radial tension is not easily recognized. There are no simple maneuvers like measuring length that facilitate assessment of radial tension. The aims of this project were to: (1) establish a simple intraoperative method to evaluate baseline tension of the diaphragmatic hiatal muscle closure; and, (2) assess if tension is reduced by relaxing maneuvers and if so, to what degree. Diaphragmatic characteristics and tension were assessed during hiatal hernia repair with a tension gage. We compared tension measured after hiatal dissection and after relaxing maneuvers were performed. Sixty-four patients (29 M:35F) underwent laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair. Baseline hiatal width was 2.84 cm and tension 13.6 dag. There was a positive correlation between hiatal width and tension (r = 0.55) but the strength of association was low (r (2) = 0.31). Four different hiatal shapes (slit, teardrop, "D", and oval) were identified and appear to influence tension and the need for relaxing incision. Tension was reduced by 35.8 % after a left pleurotomy (12 patients); by 46.2 % after a right crural relaxing incision (15 patients); and by 56.1 % if both maneuvers were performed (6 patients). Tension on the diaphragmatic hiatus can be measured with a novel device. There was a limited correlation with width of the hiatal opening. Relaxing maneuvers such as a left pleurotomy or a right crural relaxing incision reduced tension. Longer term follow-up will determine whether outcomes are improved by quantifying and reducing radial tension.

Density and surface tension of ionic liquids.

Science.gov (United States)

Kolbeck, C; Lehmann, J; Lovelock, K R J; Cremer, T; Paape, N; Wasserscheid, P; Fröba, A P; Maier, F; Steinrück, H-P

2010-12-30

We measured the density and surface tension of 9 bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([Tf(2)N](-))-based and 12 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium ([C(8)C(1)Im](+))-based ionic liquids (ILs) with the vibrating tube and the pendant drop method, respectively. This comprehensive set of ILs was chosen to probe the influence of the cations and anions on density and surface tension. When the alkyl chain length in the [C(n)C(1)Im][Tf(2)N] series (n = 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12) is increased, a decrease in density is observed. The surface tension initially also decreases but reaches a plateau for alkyl chain lengths greater than n = 8. Functionalizing the alkyl chains with ethylene glycol groups results in a higher density as well as a higher surface tension. For the dependence of density and surface tension on the chemical nature of the anion, relations are only found for subgroups of the studied ILs. Density and surface tension values are discussed with respect to intermolecular interactions and surface composition as determined by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS). The absence of nonvolatile surface-active contaminants was proven by ARXPS.

Contact sensitization to calocephalin, a sesquiterpene lactone of the guaianolide type from cushion bush (Leucophyta brownii, Compositae)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Paulsen, Evy; Christensen, Lars P; Hindsén, Monica

2013-01-01

Cushion bush [Leucophyta brownii Cass. = Calocephalus brownii (Cass.) F. Muell.] is an Australian Compositae shrub that has been introduced into Scandinavia as a pot plant. The first case of sensitization occurred in a gardener, and the main allergen was identified as the guaianolide calocephalin....

Traumatic tension pneumocephalus: Two case reports

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Abubaker Al-Aieb

2017-01-01

Conclusions: These are two rare cases with posttraumatic tension pneumocephalus treated conservatively with a favorable outcome. Early diagnosis of tension pneumocephalus is a crucial step to facilitate early recovery; however, the associated injuries need attention as they could influence the hospital course.

Auditory DUM neurons in a bush-cricket: A filter bank for carrier frequency.

Science.gov (United States)

Lefebvre, Paule Chloé; Seifert, Marvin; Stumpner, Andreas

2018-05-01

In bush-crickets the first stage of central auditory processing occurs in the prothoracic ganglion. About 15 to 50 different auditory dorsal unpaired median neurons (DUM neurons) exist but they have not been studied in any detail. These DUM neurons may be classified into seven different morphological types, although, there is only limited correlation between morphology and physiological responses. Ninety seven percent of the stained neurons were local, 3% were intersegmental. About 90% project nearly exclusively into the auditory neuropile, and 45% into restricted areas therein. Lateral extensions overlap with the axons of primary auditory sensory neurons close to their branching point. DUM neurons are typically tuned to frequencies covering the range between 2 and 50 kHz and thereby may establish a filter bank for carrier frequency. Less than 10% of DUM neurons have their branches in adjacent and more posterior regions of the auditory neuropile and are mostly tuned to low frequencies, less sensitive than the other types and respond to vibration. Thirty five percent of DUM show indications of inhibition, either through reduced responses at higher intensities, or by hyperpolarizing responses to sound. Most DUM neurons produce phasic spike responses preferably at higher intensities. Spikes may be elicited by intracellular current injection. Preliminary data suggest that auditory DUM neurons have GABA as transmitter and therefore may inhibit other auditory interneurons. From all known local auditory neurons, only DUM neurons have frequency specific responses which appear suited for local processing relevant for acoustic communication in bush crickets. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Exploratory experimental investigations on post-tensioned structural glass beams

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Louter, C.; Nielsen, Jens Henrik; Belis, J.

2013-01-01

This paper discusses two projects on post-tensioned glass beams, performed at EPFL and DTU, respectively. In these projects small scale glass beams (length of 1.5m and 1m) are post-tensioned by means of steel threaded rods tensioned at the beam ends. The purpose of post-tensioning glass beams...

Estudio mediante difracción de Rayos-X de las tensiones residuales generadas por diferentes tipos de mecanizado

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

García, V.

2004-04-01

Full Text Available The aim of the present work is the measurement of residual stresses using X-ray diffraction in materials subjected to different kinds of machining, to show the relevance of an adequate choice of machining type and parameters on the quality of the generated surface, especially in the residual stress final state. Different materials (stainless steel 17/7 PH, Ti-6Al-4V and F-521 tool steel subjected to hard-turning and grinding have been investigated. In each case the evolution of the residual stress with distance to surface has been obtained. An integral method has been applied to determine the residual stress state by measuring the changes in the diffraction angle position. This method provides the full stress tensor and the stress gradient tensor in the longitudinal and transversal directions and in depth. X-ray diffraction measurements have allowed the evaluation of both macroscopic and microscopic residual stresses (the latter only qualitatively.

El propósito de este trabajo es la medición de tensiones residuales mediante difracción de rayos‑X en materiales sometidos a diferentes tipos de mecanizado, con el fin de mostrar la importancia que tiene una correcta elección del tipo y parámetros del mecanizado en la calidad de la superficie creada, especialmente en el estado final de tensiones residuales. Se han realizado mediciones sobre distintos materiales (acero inoxidable 17/7 PH, Ti-6Al-4V y acero de herramienta F-521, mecanizados mediante torneado duro o rectificado. En cada caso se ha obtenido la evolución del estado de tensiones con la distancia a la superficie. Se ha aplicado un método integral para deducir las tensiones residuales a partir de medidas de la variación en la posición del pico de difracción. Este método proporciona el tensor de tensiones completo, así como los tensores gradientes de tensiones en dirección longitudinal, transversal y en profundidad. Las medidas de difracción de rayos-X han permitido la

Tension pneumothorax, is it a really life-threatening condition?

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

Background Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening occurrence that is infrequently the consequence of spontaneous pneumothorax. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for the development of tension pneumothorax and its effect on clinical outcomes. Methods We reviewed patients who were admitted with spontaneous pneumothorax between August 1, 2003 and December 31, 2011. Electronic medical records and the radiological findings were reviewed with chest x-ray and high-resolution computed tomography scans that were retrieved from the Picture Archiving Communication System. Results Out of the 370 patients included in this study, tension pneumothorax developed in 60 (16.2%). The bullae were larger in patients with tension pneumothorax than in those without (23.8 ± 16.2 mm vs 16.1 ± 19.1 mm; P = 0.007). In addition, the incidence of tension pneumothorax increased with the lung bulla size. Fibrotic adhesion was more prevalent in the tension pneumothorax group than in that without (P = 0.000). The bullae were large in patients with fibrotic adhesion than in those without adhesion (35.0 ± 22.3 mm vs 10.4 ± 11.5 mm; P = 0.000). On multivariate analysis, the size of bullae (odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, P = 0.001) and fibrotic adhesion (OR = 10.76, P = 0.000) were risk factors of tension pneumothorax. Hospital mortality was 3.3% in the tension pneumothorax group and it was not significantly different from those patients without tension pneunothorax (P = 0.252). Conclusions Tension pneumothorax is not uncommon, but clinically fatal tension pneumothorax is extremely rare. The size of the lung bullae and fibrotic adhesion contributes to the development of tension pneumothorax. PMID:24128176

Rapid cable tension estimation using dynamic and mechanical properties

Science.gov (United States)

Martínez-Castro, Rosana E.; Jang, Shinae; Christenson, Richard E.

2016-04-01

Main tension elements are critical to the overall stability of cable-supported bridges. A dependable and rapid determination of cable tension is desired to assess the state of a cable-supported bridge and evaluate its operability. A portable smart sensor setup is presented to reduce post-processing time and deployment complexity while reliably determining cable tension using dynamic characteristics extracted from spectral analysis. A self-recording accelerometer is coupled with a single-board microcomputer that communicates wirelessly with a remote host computer. The portable smart sensing device is designed such that additional algorithms, sensors and controlling devices for various monitoring applications can be installed and operated for additional structural assessment. The tension-estimating algorithms are based on taut string theory and expand to consider bending stiffness. The successful combination of cable properties allows the use of a cable's dynamic behavior to determine tension force. The tension-estimating algorithms are experimentally validated on a through-arch steel bridge subject to ambient vibration induced by passing traffic. The tension estimation is determined in well agreement with previously determined tension values for the structure.

Design status and procurement activities of the High Voltage Deck 1 and Bushing for the ITER Neutral Beam Injector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boldrin, Marco; De Lorenzi, Antonio; Decamps, Hans; Grando, Luca; Simon, Muriel; Toigo, Vanni

2013-01-01

Highlights: ► ITER Neutral Beam Injector includes several non-standard components. ► The design status of the −1 MV dc HVD1 and Bushing is described. ► The paper reports also on the integrated layout of the two components. ► Preliminary electrostatic and thermal analyses are presented. ► Procurement activities are outlined. -- Abstract: The ITER Neutral Beam Injector (NBI) power supply system includes several non-standard components, whose ratings go beyond the present industrial practice. Two of these items, to be procured by Fusion for Energy, are: 1.A −1 MV dc air-insulated Faraday cage, called High Voltage Deck 1 (HVD1), hosting the Ion Source and Extractor Power Supplies (ISEPS) and the associated diagnostics. 2.A −1 MV dc feedthrough, called HVD1-TL Bushing, aimed at connecting the HVD1 to the gas (SF 6 ) insulated Transmission Line (TL), containing inside its High Voltage (HV) conductor all ISEPS power and control cables coming from the HVD1 to be connected to the NBI Ion Source services. The paper deals with the status of the design of the HVD1 and HVD1-TL Bushing, focusing on insulation, mechanical and thermal issues as well as on their integration with the other components of the power supply system. In particular, the insulation issue of the integrated system has been addressed by means of an electrostatic Finite Element (FE) analysis whilst a FE thermal simulation has been carried out to assess the impact of the dissipation of the proposed design of the inner conductors (ISEPS conductors) not actively cooled. Finally, the paper describes the status of procurement strategy and execution

Oxygen tension level and human viral infections

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morinet, Frédéric, E-mail: frederic.morinet@sls.aphp.fr [Centre des Innovations Thérapeutiques en Oncologie et Hématologie (CITOH), CHU Saint-Louis, Paris (France); Université Denis Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris, Paris (France); Casetti, Luana [Institut Cochin INSERM U1016, Paris (France); François, Jean-Hugues; Capron, Claude [Institut Cochin INSERM U1016, Paris (France); Laboratoire d' Hématologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Boulogne (France); Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelynes, Versailles (France); Pillet, Sylvie [Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne (France); Université de Lyon et Université de Saint-Etienne, Jean Monnet, GIMAP EA3064, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, Lyon (France)

2013-09-15

The role of oxygen tension level is a well-known phenomenon that has been studied in oncology and radiotherapy since about 60 years. Oxygen tension may inhibit or stimulate propagation of viruses in vitro as well as in vivo. In turn modulating oxygen metabolism may constitute a novel approach to treat viral infections as an adjuvant therapy. The major transcription factor which regulates oxygen tension level is hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α). Down-regulating the expression of HIF-1α is a possible method in the treatment of chronic viral infection such as human immunodeficiency virus infection, chronic hepatitis B and C viral infections and Kaposi sarcoma in addition to classic chemotherapy. The aim of this review is to supply an updating concerning the influence of oxygen tension level in human viral infections and to evoke possible new therapeutic strategies regarding this environmental condition. - Highlights: • Oxygen tension level regulates viral replication in vitro and possibly in vivo. • Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α) is the principal factor involved in Oxygen tension level. • HIF-1α upregulates gene expression for example of HIV, JC and Kaposi sarcoma viruses. • In addition to classical chemotherapy inhibition of HIF-1α may constitute a new track to treat human viral infections.

MARIOLA: A model for calculating the response of mediterranean bush ecosystem to climatic variations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uso-Domenech, J.L.; Ramo, M.P. [Department of Mathematics, Campus de Penyeta Roja, University Jaume I, Castellon (Spain); Villacampa-Esteve, Y. [Department of Analysis and Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante (Spain); Stuebing-Martinez, G. [Department of Botany, University of Valencia (Spain); Karjalainen, T. [Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu (Finland)

1995-07-01

The paper summarizes the bush ecosystem model developed for assessing the effects of climatic change on the behaviour of mediterranean bushes assuming that temperature, humidity and rain-fall are the basic dimensions of the niche occupied by shrub species. In this context, changes in the monthly weather pattern serve only to outline the growth conditions due to the nonlinearity of response of shrubs to climatic factors. The plant-soil-atmosphere system is described by means of ordinary non-linear differential equations for the state variables: green biomass, woody biomass, the residues of green and woody biomasses, faecal detritus of mammals on the soil, and the total organic matter of the soil. The behaviour of the flow variables is described by means of equations obtained from non-linear multiple regressions from the state variables and the input variables. The model has been applied with success to the behaviour of Cistus albidus in two zones of the Province of Alicante (Spain). The data base for the parametrical locations (zone 1) and validation (zone 2) is based upon measurements taken weekly over a 2-year period. The model is used to simulate the response of this shrub to a decreasing tendency in precipitation combined with a simultaneous rise in temperature. A period of 10 years is simulated and it is observed that plants with woody biomass smaller than 85 g die between the first and the third month and other plants` biomass decreases during this period, and strongly thereafter

The Equilibrium Spreading Tension of Pulmonary Surfactant

OpenAIRE

Dagan, Maayan P.; Hall, Stephen B.

2015-01-01

Monomolecular films at an air/water interface coexist at the equilibrium spreading tension (γe) with the bulk phase from which they form. For individual phospholipids, γe is single-valued, and separates conditions at which hydrated vesicles adsorb from tensions at which overcompressed monolayers collapse. With pulmonary surfactant, isotherms show that monolayers compressed on the surface of bubbles coexist with the three-dimensional collapsed phase over a range of surface tensions. γe therefo...

Tension perturbations of black brane spacetimes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Traschen, Jennie; Fox, Daniel

2004-01-01

We consider black brane spacetimes that have at least one spatial translation Killing field that is tangent to the brane. A new parameter, the tension of a spacetime, is defined. The tension parameter is associated with spatial translations in much the same way that the ADM mass is associated with the time translation Killing field. In this work, we explore the implications of the spatial translation symmetry for small perturbations around a background black brane. For static-charged black branes we derive a law which relates the tension perturbation to the surface gravity times the change in the horizon area, plus terms that involve variations in the charges and currents. We find that as a black brane evaporates the tension decreases. We also give a simple derivation of a first law for black brane spacetimes. These constructions hold when the background stress-energy is governed by a Hamiltonian, and the results include arbitrary perturbative stress-energy sources

APPLIED BOTANY, I. PROTECTION OF TREES AND BUSHES IN THE INVESTMENT PROCESS IN URBAN AREAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariola Garczyńska

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Ecosystem services are the benefits resulting from resources and processes in nature. Trees and stand densities constitute a significant element of the landscape (both in urban and rural areas and serve a number of ecosystem functions, forming an inherent part of each group of benefits singled out on the basis of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. In the thesis, selected ecosystem services of trees and stand densities were detailed - provisioning, regulatory, supporting and cultural functions. Diagnosis of services performed by trees and their valuation may contribute to taking increased care of them and protection during performing various investments, it is therefore appropriate to launch multifaceted ecological education to each person, particularly to those directly responsible for trees and bushes in towns and rural areas. In order to restrict construction stress to trees and bushes, environmental impact assessment has to be made as soon as the construction planning is being made (natural, cultural and landscape conditions should be provided additionally, it is advisable to conduct a dendrological inventory for planning purposes. Appropriate protection of trees and standing densities is also legally regulated by the Nature Conservation Act and the Construction Law. During the investment process, the trees and their settlement conditions should be adequately secured , so that it will not affect their viability. After completed investment, the condition of the tree stand should be monitored.

Measurement for Surface Tension of Aqueous Inorganic Salt

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jiming Wen

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Bubble columns are effective means of filtration in filtered containment venting systems. Here, the surface tension has a significant influence on bubble size distribution and bubble deformation, which have a strong impact on the behavior of the bubble column. The influence of aqueous inorganic compounds on the surface tension depends on the electrolytic activity, Debye length, entropy of ion hydration, and surface deficiencies or excess. In this work, the surface tensions of same specific aqueous solutions have been measured by different methods including platinum plate method, platinum ring method, and maximum bubble pressure method. The measured surface tensions of both sodium hydroxide and sodium thiosulfate are less than that of water. As solution temperature ranges from 20 to 75°C, the surface tension of 0.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution decreases from 71 to 55 mN/m while that of 1 mol/L solution decreases from 60 to 45 mN/m. Similarly during the same temperature range, the surface tension of 0.5 mol/L sodium thiosulfate decreases from 70 to 38 mN/m, and that of 1 mol/L sodium thiosulfate is between 68 and 36 mN/m. The analysis for the influence mechanism of aqueous inorganic on surface tension is provided. In addition, experimental results show that the surface tension of solid aerosol suspension liquid has no obvious difference from that of distilled water.

Glaciations, gradients, and geography: multiple drivers of diversification of bush frogs in the Western Ghats Escarpment

Science.gov (United States)

Menezes, Riya C.; Jayarajan, Aditi; Shanker, Kartik

2016-01-01

The historical processes underlying high diversity in tropical biodiversity hotspots like the Western Ghats of Peninsular India remain poorly understood. We sampled bush frogs on 13 massifs across the Western Ghats Escarpment and examined the relative influence of Quaternary glaciations, ecological gradients and geological processes on the spatial patterns of lineage and clade diversification. The results reveal a large in situ radiation (more than 60 lineages), exhibiting geographical structure and clade-level endemism, with two deeply divergent sister clades, North and South, highlighting the biogeographic significance of an ancient valley, the Palghat Gap. A majority of the bush frog sister lineages were isolated on adjacent massifs, and signatures of range stasis provide support for the dominance of geological processes in allopatric speciation. In situ diversification events within the montane zones (more than 1800 m) of the two highest massifs suggest a role for climate-mediated forest-grassland persistence. Independent transitions along elevational gradients among sub-clades during the Miocene point to diversification along the elevational gradient. The study highlights the evolutionary significance of massifs in the Western Ghats with the high elevations acting as centres of lineage diversification and the low- and mid-elevations of the southern regions, with deeply divergent lineages, serving as museums. PMID:27534957

Tending the tensions in co-creation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Phillips, Professor MSO Louise; Nordentoft, Helle Merete; Pedersen, Lektor Christina Hee

-for-granted positive value. In the panel we de-romanticise “co-creation” and explore how it is enacted in particular organisational contexts, concentrating on context-specific tensions arising in the meeting between different knowledge forms and interests. These include tensions BETWEEN dialogic views of knowledge co-creation...

Surface tension in soap films: revisiting a classic demonstration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Behroozi, F

2010-01-01

We revisit a classic demonstration for surface tension in soap films and introduce a more striking variation of it. The demonstration shows how the film, pulling uniformly and normally on a loose string, transforms it into a circular arc under tension. The relationship between the surface tension and the string tension is analysed and presented in a useful graphical form. (letters and comments)

Surface tension in soap films: revisiting a classic demonstration

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Behroozi, F [Department of Physics, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 (United States)], E-mail: behroozi@uni.edu

2010-01-15

We revisit a classic demonstration for surface tension in soap films and introduce a more striking variation of it. The demonstration shows how the film, pulling uniformly and normally on a loose string, transforms it into a circular arc under tension. The relationship between the surface tension and the string tension is analysed and presented in a useful graphical form. (letters and comments)

Bending Under Tension Test with Direct Friction Measurement

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andreasen, Jan Lasson; Olsson, David Dam; Chodnikiewicz, K.

2006-01-01

A special Bending-Under-Tension (BUT) transducer has been developed in which friction around the tool radius can be directly measured when drawing a plane sheet strip around a cylindrical tool-pin under constant back tension. The front tension, back tension and torque on the tool-pin are all...... measured directly, thus enabling accurate measurement of friction and direct determination of lubricant film breakdown for varying normal pressure, sliding speed, tool radius and tool preheat temperature. The transducer is applied in an experimental investigation focusing on limits of lubrication...

U.S. energy policy and the Bush administration's North American energy strategy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deutsch, K.

2005-01-01

This presentation outlined the energy policy in the United States and its impact on frontier development in Alaska, deepwater offshore fields and in the western oil shale resources. The energy strategy focuses on technologies that increase domestic production from existing resources as well as technologies that create new sources of energy. In addition to emphasizing the cooperation between Canada and the United States in ensuring energy supply security and stability, this paper discussed the importance of overall bilateral trade between the 2 countries. It was noted that Canada is the United State's most secure and reliable energy partner and is the number 1 supplier of imported oil, natural gas, electricity and uranium. The Bush administration's energy policy is based on the mandate to supply stable, reliable, secure, affordable and environmentally sound energy for the country's growing economy. The energy strategy focuses on increasing energy supplies, promoting energy conservation, repairing and modernizing the energy infrastructure, protecting the environment and improving energy security. Basic changes to the way energy is produced and used will be needed in order to meet these challenges. Energy security can be met through efficiency gains, diversification and use of alternative energy sources. The strategy involves a balance of supply sources, ranging from increasing domestic oil and gas production to such sources as clean coal generation, nuclear power and hydropower. The policy also balances the use of traditional energy sources with renewables such as geothermal, solar, wind and hydrogen. The United States, Canada and Mexico have identified the following 9 areas as critical for interaction on energy: energy data, electricity, regulatory cooperation, energy efficiency, natural gas, oil sands, nuclear and energy science and technology. Construction of the Alaska Natural Gas Pipeline is also one of the Bush administration's highest priorities, along with

Tracking discourse complexity preceding Alzheimer's disease diagnosis: a case study comparing the press conferences of Presidents Ronald Reagan and George Herbert Walker Bush.

Science.gov (United States)

Berisha, Visar; Wang, Shuai; LaCross, Amy; Liss, Julie

2015-01-01

Changes in some lexical features of language have been associated with the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Here we describe a method to extract key features from discourse transcripts, which we evaluated on non-scripted news conferences from President Ronald Reagan, who was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 1994, and President George Herbert Walker Bush, who has no known diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Key word counts previously associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease were extracted and regression analyses were conducted. President Reagan showed a significant reduction in the number of unique words over time and a significant increase in conversational fillers and non-specific nouns over time. There was no significant trend in these features for President Bush.

SUCESOS VITALES Y TENSIONES EN FAMILIAS CON HIJOS ADOLESCENTES: Life events and strains in families with teenagers

OpenAIRE

Ruano Piera,Rosana; Serra Desfilis,Emilia

2001-01-01

Los objetivos de este estudio son: a) Describir los sucesos vitales y tensiones que afectan a los padres con hijos adolescentes, y b) Verificar las posibles diferencias en la descripción de estos sucesos por parte de los padres en función de la edad del hijo adolescente mayor: mayor o menor de 19 años. A tal fin, una muestra de 386 padres (193 matrimonios) de hijos adolescentes fueron evaluados a partir del FILE (Hernández Córdoba 1991). Resultados: a) durante el último año se da un mayor pro...

Estudio de sensibilidad geométrica del comportamiento tensional de una ménsula corta

OpenAIRE

Blanco, Elena; Gil, Lluís

2005-01-01

Las ménsulas cortas son elementos estructurales debido a su geometría y a la forma de aplicación de la carga. Ambas circunstancias hacen que no se cumplan las hipótesis fundamentales de la resistencia de materiales y en particular, el principio de Saint-Venant. Las normas de hormigón armado proponen una serie de relaciones geométricas entre las variables que definen el problema, basadas en ensayos experimentales y en modelos de bielas y tirantes. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de...

EXTENDED EINSTEIN`S THEORY OF WAVES IN THE PRESENCE OF TENSIONS IN SPACE-TIME TENSIONS TEORÍA EXTENDIDA DE ONDAS DE EINSTEIN EN LA PRESENCIA DE TENSIONES EN EL ESPACIO-TIEMPO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Héctor Torres-Silva

2008-11-01

Full Text Available A modification of Einstein's dynamics in the presence of certain states of space-time tension is proposed. The structure of the equations of motion for gravitational disturbances is very similar to Maxwell's equations for micro and macroscopic chiral bodies characterized by T, when the operators and are like . The unification limit between the electromagnetism and gravity is discussed. As an application of this theory we mention the birefringence effect in GPS (Global Positioning Systems systems.Se propone una modificación a la dinámica de Einstein en presencia de ciertos tipos de tensión del espacio tiempo. La estructura de las ecuaciones de movimiento para las perturbaciones gravitacionales es muy similar a las ecuaciones de Maxwell para cuerpos quirales micro y macroscópicos caracterizados por T, cuando los operadores de y son como . Se discute el límite de unificación del electromagnetismo y la gravitación en el tiempo de Planck. Como aplicación de esta teoría se menciona el efecto de la birrefringencia en sistemas GPS (Global Positioning Systems.

Magnetic tension and gravitational collapse

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsagas, Christos G

2006-01-01

The gravitational collapse of a magnetized medium is investigated by studying qualitatively the convergence of a timelike family of non-geodesic worldlines in the presence of a magnetic field. Focusing on the field's tension, we illustrate how the winding of the magnetic forcelines due to the fluid's rotation assists the collapse, while shear-like distortions in the distribution of the field's gradients resist contraction. We also show that the relativistic coupling between magnetism and geometry, together with the tension properties of the field, lead to a magneto-curvature stress that opposes the collapse. This tension stress grows stronger with increasing curvature distortion, which means that it could potentially dominate over the gravitational pull of the matter. If this happens, a converging family of non-geodesic worldlines can be prevented from focusing without violating the standard energy conditions

Les relations économiques États-Unis / Amérique latine pendant les années Bush : la nouvelle donne Economic Relations between the United States and Latin America in the Bush Years: Changing Course

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martine Azuelos

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Alors que l’élection de George B. Bush à la présidence des États-Unis avait pu autoriser certains à nourrir l’espoir d’une relance du processus d’intégration économique entre l’Amérique latine et l’Amérique du Nord, le bilan de ces huit années est mitigé et bien des incertitudes pesaient sur l’avenir de ce processus au moment de l’entrée en fonction de Barack Obama. Pour éclairer cette évolution, l’article replace les années Bush dans le contexte du recentrage sur la dimension économique de la relation qui fut consécutif à la fin de la guerre froide. La première partie, fondée sur l’étude des données chiffrées disponibles concernant les échanges commerciaux et des mouvements de capitaux, met en évidence une progression en trompe l’œil de ces flux, suggérant un désintérêt relatif des États-Unis pour leur traditionnelle arrière-cour. Pour rendre compte de cette nouvelle donne, la seconde partie revient sur le cadre géopolitique et géoéconomique dans laquelle s’inscrit la relation à partir de 2001.While George W. Bush’s election had promised to revive the drive towards further economic integration in the Americas, as he was leaving office eight years later the achievements of his presidency seemed rather mixed and the future of U.S.-Latin America relations uncertain. To shed light on this turnaround, this paper sets the Bush years in the wider context of post-Cold War renewed U.S. emphasis on the economic dimension of its relationship to Latin America. The first part, which focuses on quantitative data, concludes that although two-way trade and capital flows did grow significantly between 2000 and 2007, the momentum of the 1990s was largely lost. In an attempt to account for this trend, the second part focuses on the geopolitical and geoeconomic background which led to the United States’ relations with Latin America taking a new direction after 2001.

Muscle trigger point therapy in tension-type headache.

Science.gov (United States)

Alonso-Blanco, Cristina; de-la-Llave-Rincón, Ana Isabel; Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César

2012-03-01

Recent evidence suggests that active trigger points (TrPs) in neck and shoulder muscles contribute to tension-type headache. Active TrPs within the suboccipital, upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, temporalis, superior oblique and lateral rectus muscles have been associated with chronic and episodic tension-type headache forms. It seems that the pain profile of this headache may be provoked by referred pain from active TrPs in the posterior cervical, head and shoulder muscles. In fact, the presence of active TrPs has been related to a higher degree of sensitization in tension-type headache. Different therapeutic approaches are proposed for proper TrP management. Preliminary evidence indicates that inactivation of TrPs may be effective for the management of tension-type headache, particularly in a subgroup of patients who may respond positively to this approach. Different treatment approaches targeted to TrP inactivation are discussed in the current paper, focusing on tension-type headache. New studies are needed to further delineate the relationship between muscle TrP inactivation and tension-type headache.

Patients with tension-type headaches feel stigmatized

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sanjay Prakash

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The author, a sufferer of tension-type headache (TTH, believes that the word "tension" in "tension-type headache" carries a social stigma and that patients do not accept a diagnosis of TTH readily. TTH is the most common primary headache disorder. The disability of TTH as a burden of society is greater than that of migraine. Absenteeism because of TTH is higher than that due to migraine. However, patients with TTH do not go for consultation. Even the prevalence of new daily persistent headache (NDPH is 12 times higher at the headache clinic than that of chronic TTH (CTTH. These points hint that TTH patients probably do not want to visit the clinic. The author believes that it could be because of the stigma attached to "tension." Herein, the author has noted the first responses given by 50 consecutive patients with TTH when they were told that they had been suffering from TTH. The first answer of 64% of patients with TTH was "I do not have any tension/stress ." This denial is similar to the denial declared by patients with depression. Depression and tension are similar in the sense that both are considered as a signs of personal weakness. Such a preconception in the society creates a stigma, and patients deny the diagnosis, conceal symptoms, and become reluctant to seek help and treatment.

Modelado tridimensional y análisis funcional de una cabria para la extracción del mineral

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Ignacio Rojas-Sola

2013-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se analiza en detalle un ejemplo del patrimonio industrial minero del antiguo distrito minero de Linares- La Carolina (Jaén, España, como es una cabria de mampostería con su castillete metálico, utilizada en la extracción del mineral de plomo, concretamente de galena o sulfuro de plomo. En particular, se ha realizado el modelado tridimensional con ayuda de software paramétrico gracias a técnicas empíricas de cada uno de los elementos que componen el conjunto. Asimismo, una vez obtenido el modelo 3D, se ha realizado un análisis funcional mediante técnicas de Ingeniería Asistida por Ordenador, basadas en el análisis tensional y el análisis de desplazamientos, comprobando que las mayores concentraciones de tensiones se producen en la parte media e inferior de los muros, que los mayores valores de tensión se producen en los alrededores de los huecos de los muros, y que la mayor concentración de desplazamientos de la cabria de mampostería se encuentran en los muros en la parte media y superior, y del castillete en las correas de la cubierta.

Ultrasound Findings in Tension Pneumothorax: A Case Report.

Science.gov (United States)

Inocencio, Maxine; Childs, Jeannine; Chilstrom, Mikaela L; Berona, Kristin

2017-06-01

Delayed recognition of tension pneumothorax can lead to a mortality of 31% to 91%. However, the classic physical examination findings of tracheal deviation and distended neck veins are poorly sensitive in the diagnosis of tension pneumothorax. Point-of-care ultrasound is accurate in identifying the presence of pneumothorax, but sonographic findings of tension pneumothorax are less well described. We report the case of a 21-year-old man with sudden-onset left-sided chest pain. He was clinically stable without hypoxia or hypotension, and the initial chest x-ray study showed a large pneumothorax without mediastinal shift. While the patient was awaiting tube thoracostomy, a point-of-care ultrasound demonstrated findings of mediastinal shift and a dilated inferior vena cava (IVC) concerning for tension physiology, even though the patient remained hemodynamically stable. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: This case demonstrates a unique clinical scenario of ultrasound evidence of tension physiology in a clinically stable patient. Although this patient was well appearing without hypotension, respiratory distress, tracheal deviation, or distended neck veins, point-of-care ultrasound revealed mediastinal shift and a plethoric IVC. Given that the classic clinical signs of tension pneumothorax are not uniformly present, this case shows how point-of-care ultrasound may diagnose tension pneumothorax before clinical decompensation. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Evolución de la distribución de tensiones en un cuerpo cerámico durante la cocción. Parte 2: Cálculo de los perfiles

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Camacho, H.

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Stress distribution during firing is reported. The calculation is performed based on the model stated in the part 1. Starting data correspond to the constitutive models presented in part 1. Besides, an experimental measurement was performed to obtain the Young modulus and the thermal dilatation to be considered for calculations. Starting from the stress equilibrium, it may be reported that: 1 The stress distribution during hot forging is always similar in spite of different pressing conditions and different considered constitutive behaviors. 2 The thermo-elastic behavior may be considered as an acceptable approximation. 3 The temperature gradients and their effect on the body viscosity and on thermal dilatation play an essential role in the stress distribution.

Se reporta la distribución de las tensiones durante la cocción. El cálculo de las mismas se efectúa a través del modelo planteado en la primera parte. Los datos de partida corresponden a los modelos constitutivos presentados en la primera parte. Además, se realizó una medición experimental del módulo de Young y de la dilatación térmica para ser tenida en cuenta en los cálculos. Tomando como base el equilibrio en tensiones se reporta que: 1 La distribución de tensiones en el prensado en caliente es semejante a pesar de condiciones diferentes de prensado y de considerar diferentes comportamientos constitutivos. 2 El comportamiento termo-elástico puede usarse como una aproximación aceptable para los materiales arcillosos. 3 Los gradientes de temperatura y su efecto en la viscosidad del cuerpo y en las dilataciones térmicas juegan un papel esencial en la distribución de tensiones.

Tension and relaxation in the individual.

Science.gov (United States)

Newbury, C R

1979-06-01

Increasing materialism in society is resulting in more wide spread nervous tension in all age groups. While some degree of nervous tension is necessary in everyday living, its adverse effects require that we must learn to bring it under control. Total tension is shown to have two components: a controllable element arising from factors in the environment and the inbuilt uncontrollable residue which is basic in the individual temperament. The effects of excessive or uncontrolled stress can be classified as 1) emotional reactions such as neurotic behaviour (anxiety hypochondria, hysteria, phobia, depression obsessions and compulsions) or psychotic behaviour and 2) psychosomatic reactions (nervous asthma, headache, insomnia, heart attack). Nervous energy can be wastefully expended by such factors as loss of temper, wrong attitudes to work, job frustration and marital strains. Relaxation is the only positive way to control undesirable nervous tension and its techniques require to be learned. A number of techniques (progressive relaxation, differential relaxation, hypnosis, the use of biofeedback, Yoga and Transcendental Meditation) are described and their application to dental practice is discussed.

Influencia del arenado de la aleación Ti6Al4V en la dureza subsuperficial y estado de tensiones residuales

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Multigner, M.

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Sandblasting of Ti6Al4V alloy is used to enhance mechanical fixation of the implants. Under the mechanical point of view, such treatment yields a decrease of the fatigue resistance. In this work we evaluate by means of synchrotron radiation the residual stress state in sandblasted specimens and the further relaxation process after a thermal oxidation treatment at 500 °C. It has been found a significant compressive stress gradient with a maximum of about 700 MPa near the surface. Despite the severe deformation experienced by the surface during sandblasting microhardness measurements failed to show any sufsurface hardening. A thermal oxidation treatment (500 °C/ 1h of the sandblasted specimen yield the stress relief and a significant subsurface hardening.

El arenado de la aleación Ti6Al4V es un tratamiento orientado a la mejora de la fijación mecánica de los implantes. Sin embargo, dicho tratamiento contribuye a una disminución de la resistencia a la fatiga del material. En este trabajo se ha determinado, mediante radiación sincrotrón, el estado de tensiones residuales en muestras arenadas de esta aleación y su posterior proceso de relajación tras un recocido a 500 °C. Se observa que el arenado ocasiona un gradiente de tensiones residuales de compresión con valores de hasta unos 700 MPa en las proximidades de la superficie. A pesar de la deformación severa que experimenta el material en esta zona, las medidas de microdureza arrojan valores similares a los obtenidos en el interior del material. Tras el tratamiento térmico se observa una relajación de las tensiones residuales y un importante aumento de la dureza superficial.

Design status and procurement activities of the High Voltage Deck 1 and Bushing for the ITER Neutral Beam Injector

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boldrin, Marco, E-mail: marco.boldrin@igi.cnr.it [Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla Fusione, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padova (Italy); De Lorenzi, Antonio [Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla Fusione, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padova (Italy); Decamps, Hans [ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance (France); Grando, Luca [Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla Fusione, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padova (Italy); Simon, Muriel [Fusion For Energy, c/ Josep Pla 2, 08019 Barcelona (Spain); Toigo, Vanni [Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla Fusione, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padova (Italy)

2013-10-15

Highlights: ► ITER Neutral Beam Injector includes several non-standard components. ► The design status of the −1 MV{sub dc} HVD1 and Bushing is described. ► The paper reports also on the integrated layout of the two components. ► Preliminary electrostatic and thermal analyses are presented. ► Procurement activities are outlined. -- Abstract: The ITER Neutral Beam Injector (NBI) power supply system includes several non-standard components, whose ratings go beyond the present industrial practice. Two of these items, to be procured by Fusion for Energy, are: 1.A −1 MV{sub dc} air-insulated Faraday cage, called High Voltage Deck 1 (HVD1), hosting the Ion Source and Extractor Power Supplies (ISEPS) and the associated diagnostics. 2.A −1 MV{sub dc} feedthrough, called HVD1-TL Bushing, aimed at connecting the HVD1 to the gas (SF{sub 6}) insulated Transmission Line (TL), containing inside its High Voltage (HV) conductor all ISEPS power and control cables coming from the HVD1 to be connected to the NBI Ion Source services. The paper deals with the status of the design of the HVD1 and HVD1-TL Bushing, focusing on insulation, mechanical and thermal issues as well as on their integration with the other components of the power supply system. In particular, the insulation issue of the integrated system has been addressed by means of an electrostatic Finite Element (FE) analysis whilst a FE thermal simulation has been carried out to assess the impact of the dissipation of the proposed design of the inner conductors (ISEPS conductors) not actively cooled. Finally, the paper describes the status of procurement strategy and execution.

Emergency percutaneous needle decompression for tension pneumoperitoneum

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Körner Markus

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Tension pneumoperitoneum as a complication of iatrogenic bowel perforation during endoscopy is a dramatic condition in which intraperitoneal air under pressure causes hemodynamic and ventilatory compromise. Like tension pneumothorax, urgent intervention is required. Immediate surgical decompression though is not always possible due to the limitations of the preclinical management and sometimes to capacity constraints of medical staff and equipment in the clinic. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of cases of pneumoperitoneum and tension pneumoperitoneum due to iatrogenic bowel perforation. All patients admitted to our surgical department between January 2005 and October 2010 were included. Tension pneumoperitoneum was diagnosed in those patients presenting signs of hemodynamic and ventilatory compromise in addition to abdominal distension. Results Between January 2005 and October 2010 eleven patients with iatrogenic bowel perforation were admitted to our surgical department. The mean time between perforation and admission was 36 ± 14 hrs (range 30 min - 130 hrs, between ER admission and begin of the operation 3 hrs and 15 min ± 47 min (range 60 min - 9 hrs. Three out of eleven patients had clinical signs of tension pneumoperitoneum. In those patients emergency percutaneous needle decompression was performed with a 16G venous catheter. This improved significantly the patients' condition (stabilization of vital signs, reducing jugular vein congestion, bridging the time to the start of the operation. Conclusions Hemodynamical and respiratory compromise in addition to abdominal distension shortly after endoscopy are strongly suggestive of tension pneumoperitoneum due to iatrogenic bowel perforation. This is a rare but life threatening condition and it can be managed in a preclinical and clinical setting with emergency percutaneous needle decompression like tension pneumothorax. Emergency percutaneous decompression is no

[Diagnostic and therapy of tension-type headache].

Science.gov (United States)

Straube, A

2014-08-01

Episodic headache of the tension type is the most prevalent primary headache with a lifetime prevalence of about 78 %. Clinical characteristics are a dull, moderate, holocephalic headache without accompanying autonomic or vegetative symptoms. The episodic tension-type headache often lasts only 30 min up to a maximum of a few days. In contrast to this clinically often undemanding headache, chronic tension-type headache can cause considerable disability in patients. The 1-year prevalence is 1-3 % of the population. All therapy strategies combine nonpharmaceutical therapy such as education of the patient, regular aerobic exercise, and psychological treatment (e.g., Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation etc.) with pharmaceutical treatment such as tricyclic antidepressants or combined serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants. Combination therapy has been proven to be more effective than singular strategies; however, the chronic tension-type headache still poses a therapeutic problem.

Mitochondrial Respiration and Oxygen Tension.

Science.gov (United States)

Shaw, Daniel S; Meitha, Karlia; Considine, Michael J; Foyer, Christine H

2017-01-01

Measurements of respiration and oxygen tension in plant organs allow a precise understanding of mitochondrial capacity and function within the context of cellular oxygen metabolism. Here we describe methods that can be routinely used for the isolation of intact mitochondria, and the determination of respiratory electron transport, together with techniques for in vivo determination of oxygen tension and measurement of respiration by both CO 2 production and O 2 consumption that enables calculation of the respiratory quotient [CO 2 ]/[O 2 ].

Prediction of tension-type headache risk in adolescents

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K. A. Stepanchenko

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Tension-type headache is the actual problem of adolescent neurology, which is associated with the prevalence of the disease, the tendency of the disease to the chronic course and a negative impact on performance in education, work capacity and quality of patients’ life. The aim. To develop a method for prediction of tension-type headache occurrence in adolescents. Materials and methods. 2342 adolescent boys and girls at the age of 13-17 years in schools of Kharkiv were examined. We used questionnaire to identify the headache. A group of adolescents with tension-type headache - 1430 people (61.1% was selected. The control group included 246 healthy adolescents. Possible risk factors for tension-type headache formation were divided into 4 groups: genetic, biomedical, psychosocial and social. Mathematical prediction of tension-type headache risk in adolescents was performed using the method of intensive indicators normalization of E.N. Shigan, which was based on probabilistic Bayesian’s method. The result was presented in the form of prognostic coefficients. Results. The most informative risk factors for tension-type headache development were the diseases, from which the teenager suffered after 1 year (sleep disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, autonomic disorders in the family history, traumatic brain injury, physical inactivity, poor adaptation of the patient in the kindergarten and school, stresses. Diagnostic scale has been developed to predict the risk of tension-type headache. It includes 23 prognostic factors with their gradation and meaning of integrated risk indicator, depending on individual factor strength influence. The risk of tension-type headache development ranged from 25,27 to 81,43 values of prognostic coefficient (low probability (25,27-43,99, the average probability (43,99-62,71 and high probability (62,71- 81,43. Conclusion. The study of tension-type headache risk factors, which were obtained by using an assessed and

A long-term experimental case study of the ecological effectiveness and cost effectiveness of invasive plant management in achieving conservation goals: bitou bush control in booderee national park in eastern australia.

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David B Lindenmayer

Full Text Available Invasive plant management is often justified in terms of conservation goals, yet progress is rarely assessed against these broader goals, instead focussing on short-term reductions of the invader as a measure of success. Key questions commonly remain unanswered including whether invader removal reverses invader impacts and whether management itself has negative ecosystem impacts. We addressed these knowledge gaps using a seven year experimental investigation of Bitou Bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata. Our case study took advantage of the realities of applied management interventions for Bitou Bush to assess whether it is a driver or passenger of environmental change, and quantified conservation benefits relative to management costs of different treatment regimes. Among treatments examined, spraying with herbicide followed by burning and subsequent re-spraying (spray-fire-spray proved the most effective for reducing the number of individuals and cover of Bitou Bush. Other treatment regimes (e.g. fire followed by spraying, or two fires in succession were less effective or even exacerbated Bitou Bush invasion. The spray-fire-spray regime did not increase susceptibility of treated areas to re-invasion by Bitou Bush or other exotic species. This regime significantly reduced plant species richness and cover, but these effects were short-lived. The spray-fire-spray regime was the most cost-effective approach to controlling a highly invasive species and facilitating restoration of native plant species richness to levels characteristic of uninvaded sites. We provide a decision tree to guide management, where recommended actions depend on the outcome of post-treatment monitoring and performance against objectives. Critical to success is avoiding partial treatments and treatment sequences that may exacerbate invasive species impacts. We also show the value of taking advantage of unplanned events, such as wildfires, to achieve management

A long-term experimental case study of the ecological effectiveness and cost effectiveness of invasive plant management in achieving conservation goals: bitou bush control in booderee national park in eastern australia.

Science.gov (United States)

Lindenmayer, David B; Wood, Jeff; MacGregor, Christopher; Buckley, Yvonne M; Dexter, Nicholas; Fortescue, Martin; Hobbs, Richard J; Catford, Jane A

2015-01-01

Invasive plant management is often justified in terms of conservation goals, yet progress is rarely assessed against these broader goals, instead focussing on short-term reductions of the invader as a measure of success. Key questions commonly remain unanswered including whether invader removal reverses invader impacts and whether management itself has negative ecosystem impacts. We addressed these knowledge gaps using a seven year experimental investigation of Bitou Bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata. Our case study took advantage of the realities of applied management interventions for Bitou Bush to assess whether it is a driver or passenger of environmental change, and quantified conservation benefits relative to management costs of different treatment regimes. Among treatments examined, spraying with herbicide followed by burning and subsequent re-spraying (spray-fire-spray) proved the most effective for reducing the number of individuals and cover of Bitou Bush. Other treatment regimes (e.g. fire followed by spraying, or two fires in succession) were less effective or even exacerbated Bitou Bush invasion. The spray-fire-spray regime did not increase susceptibility of treated areas to re-invasion by Bitou Bush or other exotic species. This regime significantly reduced plant species richness and cover, but these effects were short-lived. The spray-fire-spray regime was the most cost-effective approach to controlling a highly invasive species and facilitating restoration of native plant species richness to levels characteristic of uninvaded sites. We provide a decision tree to guide management, where recommended actions depend on the outcome of post-treatment monitoring and performance against objectives. Critical to success is avoiding partial treatments and treatment sequences that may exacerbate invasive species impacts. We also show the value of taking advantage of unplanned events, such as wildfires, to achieve management objectives at

Planck and the local Universe: quantifying the tension

CERN Document Server

Verde, Licia; Protopapas, Pavlos

2013-01-01

We use the latest Planck constraints, and in particular constraints on the derived parameters (Hubble constant and age of the Universe) for the local universe and compare them with local measurements of the same quantities. We propose a way to quantify whether cosmological parameters constraints from two different experiments are in tension or not. Our statistic, T, is an evidence ratio and therefore can be interpreted with the widely used Jeffrey's scale. We find that in the framework of the LCDM model, the Planck inferred two dimensional, joint, posterior distribution for the Hubble constant and age of the Universe is in "strong" tension with the local measurements; the odds being ~ 1:50. We explore several possibilities for explaining this tension and examine the consequences both in terms of unknown errors and deviations from the LCDM model. In some one-parameter LCDM model extensions, tension is reduced whereas in other extensions, tension is instead increased. In particular, small total neutrino masses ...

Effects of surface tension on tray point efficiencies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, G.X.; Afacan, A.; Chuang, K.T. (Alberta Univ., Edmonton, AB (Canada))

1994-08-01

Sieve tray efficiencies for the distillation of methanol/water, acetic acid/water, and cyclohexane/n-heptane mixtures were measured as a function of composition under fixed vapor and liquid rates in a 0.15 m diameter distillation column. The three binary distillation systems used in the study had a wide range of surface tensions measured as a function of composition. From the efficiencies measured, the number of vapor- and liquid-phase transfer units (Ng and Nl) was determined and the effects of surface tension on Ng and Nl were identified. To further verify the results obtained from the distillation column, bubble sizes in froths for air/water, air/methanol, and air/(water + surfactant) systems with different surface tensions were measured. The results show that surface tension has a significant effect on tray efficiency and the number of transfer units. Bubble sizes in the tray froths were mainly determined by surface tension, and bubble breakup and coalescence occur in the froths. 45 refs., 15 figs., 1 tab.

An automatic tension measurement system of MWPC wires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

D'Antone, I.; Lolli, M.; Torromeo, G.

1992-01-01

An electronic system is presented for automatic mechanical tension measurement to test wire chambers. The developed system works in the tension range from 50 g to 300 g; this large working range is obtained by using a microcontroller that performs a digital control on the bridge of an oscillator containing the wire of which the tension has to be measured. The microcontroller automatically brings the system towards the oscillation condition and subsequently, measuring the frequency, it evaluates, displays and sends to a host computer the value of the mechanical tension of the wires. The system is precise and allows fast measurements. A description of the hardware and software design is given. (orig.)

Gastrothorax or tension pneumothorax: A diagnostic dilemma

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Singh Sarvesh

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Gastrothorax, a rare complication following thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair, is reported. The clinical features of a gastrothorax and tension pneumothorax are similar and thus, a gastrothorax can masquerade as a tension pneumothorax. The diagnosis is made by a high level of clinical suspicion, chest X-ray shows a distended stomach with air fluid levels and a computerised tomography is useful in assessing the diaphragm and establishing the positions of the various intra-abdominal organs. Also, the risk of an intercostal drainage tube placement and the role of nasogastric tube in avoiding the development of a tension gastrothorax is highlighted.

Genetic diversity and difference within and between bitter and sweet African bush mango trees (Irvingia spp., Irvingiaceae) in West and Central Africa

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vihotogbé, R.; Berg, van den R.G.; Missinhoun, A.A.; Sinsin, B.; Sosef, M.S.M.

2015-01-01

Economically important food tree species in sub-Saharan Africa should be domesticated to enhance their production within agro forestry systems. The African bush mango trees (Irvingia species) are highly preserved and integrated in agro forestry systems in tropical Africa. However, the taxonomic

Tension Hydrothorax Related to Disseminated Endometriosis

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AnnaKate Deal, MD

2016-01-01

Full Text Available We present the case of a 34-year-old woman presenting to the emergency department (ED with dyspnea, cough, and fever. She was found to have a tension hydrothorax and was treated with ultrasound-guided thoracentesis in the ED. Subsequent inpatient evaluation showed the patient had disseminated endometriosis. Tension hydrothorax has not been previously described in the literature as a complication of this disease.

Rein tension acceptance in young horses in a voluntary test situation.

Science.gov (United States)

Christensen, J W; Zharkikh, T L; Antoine, A; Malmkvist, J

2011-03-01

During riding, horses are frequently exposed to pressure from the rider, e.g. through the bit and reins, but few studies have investigated at which point rein tension becomes uncomfortable for the horse. To investigate how much rein tension young inexperienced horses are willing to accept in order to obtain a food reward; whether the tension acceptance changes during 3 consecutive test days; and whether rein tension correlates with the expression of conflict behaviour and heart rate. Pressure-naïve horses will apply only little rein tension in the first voluntary trial, but their acceptance will gradually increase. High levels of rein tension will lead to expression of conflict behaviour and increases in heart rate. Fifteen 2-year-old, bridle-naïve mares were encouraged to stretch their head forward (across a 0.95 m high metal bar) to obtain a food reward in a voluntary test situation. On each test day, each horse was exposed to 2 control sessions (loose reins), an intermediate and a short rein session (1 min/session). Rein tension, heart rate and behaviour were recorded. The horses applied significantly more tension on the first day (mean rein tension: 10.2 N), compared to the second and third test day (Day 2: 6.0 and Day 3: 5.7 N). The horses showed significantly more conflict behaviour in the short rein treatment. There was no treatment effect on heart rate. The horses applied the highest rein tension on the first day, and apparently learned to avoid the tension, rather than habituate to it. Rein tension correlated with expression of conflict behaviour, indicating that the horses found the tension aversive. Further studies should focus on the correlation between rein tension and conflict behaviour in ridden horses. © 2010 EVJ Ltd.

Surface tension of liquid Al-Cu binary alloys.

OpenAIRE

Schmitz, Julianna; Brillo, Jürgen; Egry, Ivan; Schmid-Fetzer, Rainer

2009-01-01

Surface tension data of liquid Al–Cu binary alloys have been measured contactlessly using the technique of electromagnetic levitation. A digital CMOS-camera (400 fps) recorded image sequences of the oscillating liquid sample and surface tensions were determined from analysis of the frequency spectra. Measurements were performed for samples covering the entire range of composition and precise data were obtained in a broad temperature range. It was found that the surface tensions can ...

Embracing Tensions in Feminist Organizational Communication Pedagogies

Science.gov (United States)

Linabary, Jasmine R.; Long, Ziyu; Mouton, Ashton; Rao, Ranjani L.; Buzzanell, Patrice M.

2017-01-01

Feminist pedagogies hold potential to create more inclusive and transformative classrooms. Adopting a tension-centered approach, we draw on our individual and collective reflections on the design and instruction of a multi-section undergraduate organizational communication course to build an autoethnographic account of the tensions associated with…

Tension Pneumothorax following an Accidental Kerosene Poisoning ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Tension pneumothorax is a rare complication following an accidental kerosene poisoning. In such situation, a bed-side needle thoracocentesis is performed because of its potential of becoming fatal; hence its clinical importance. A case of 15 month old boy with tension pneumothorax following accidental kerosene ...

Niños, niñas, y mujeres: Una amalgama vulnerable

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Soledad De León-Torres

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo central de este trabajo es examinar las condiciones de vida de niños que r esiden en instituciones de asistencia social denominadas “Casa-hogar”. Los hallazgos pr esentados aquí se basan en la aplicación de metodologías cualitativas (observación dir ecta, etnografía, entr evistas estructuradas en una ciudad del centr o de México, con una perspectiva sincrónica. El principal r esultado de este trabajo es la documentación de las desventajas estructurales que caracterizan a la migración interna femenina y de los efectos que estos movimientos de población ejer cen sobr e los hijos de las mujer es migrantes. El trabajo concluye que el estudio de la vulnerabili dad a la que son expuestos los niños acogidos por instituciones de asistencia social, debe tomar en cuenta las formas de exclusión social femenina y las tensiones que se derivan de las políticas públicas orientadas a la infancia.

A novel approach to pipeline tensioner modeling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

O' Grady, Robert; Ilie, Daniel; Lane, Michael [MCS Software Division, Galway (Ireland)

2009-07-01

As subsea pipeline developments continue to move into deep and ultra-deep water locations, there is an increasing need for the accurate prediction of expected pipeline fatigue life. A significant factor that must be considered as part of this process is the fatigue damage sustained by the pipeline during installation. The magnitude of this installation-related damage is governed by a number of different agents, one of which is the dynamic behavior of the tensioner systems during pipe-laying operations. There are a variety of traditional finite element methods for representing dynamic tensioner behavior. These existing methods, while basic in nature, have been proven to provide adequate forecasts in terms of the dynamic variation in typical installation parameters such as top tension and sagbend/overbend strain. However due to the simplicity of these current approaches, some of them tend to over-estimate the frequency of tensioner pay out/in under dynamic loading. This excessive level of pay out/in motion results in the prediction of additional stress cycles at certain roller beds, which in turn leads to the prediction of unrealistic fatigue damage to the pipeline. This unwarranted fatigue damage then equates to an over-conservative value for the accumulated damage experienced by a pipeline weld during installation, and so leads to a reduction in the estimated fatigue life for the pipeline. This paper describes a novel approach to tensioner modeling which allows for greater control over the velocity of dynamic tensioner pay out/in and so provides a more accurate estimation of fatigue damage experienced by the pipeline during installation. The paper reports on a case study, as outlined in the proceeding section, in which a comparison is made between results from this new tensioner model and from a more conventional approach. The comparison considers typical installation parameters as well as an in-depth look at the predicted fatigue damage for the two methods

Characterization of African Bush Mango trees with emphasis on the differences between sweet and bitter trees in the Dahomey Gap (West Africa)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vihotogbe, R.

2012-01-01

 African bush mango trees (ABMTs) are economically the most important species within the family of Irvingiaceae. They are priority trees producing non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and widely distributed in the humid lowland forests of West and Central Africa. To boost their production and

Length and elasticity of side reins affect rein tension at trot.

Science.gov (United States)

Clayton, Hilary M; Larson, Britt; Kaiser, LeeAnn J; Lavagnino, Michael

2011-06-01

This study investigated the horse's contribution to tension in the reins. The experimental hypotheses were that tension in side reins (1) increases biphasically in each trot stride, (2) changes inversely with rein length, and (3) changes with elasticity of the reins. Eight riding horses trotted in hand at consistent speed in a straight line wearing a bit and bridle and three types of side reins (inelastic, stiff elastic, compliant elastic) were evaluated in random order at long, neutral, and short lengths. Strain gauge transducers (240 Hz) measured minimal, maximal and mean rein tension, rate of loading and impulse. The effects of rein type and length were evaluated using ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests. Rein tension oscillated in a regular pattern with a peak during each diagonal stance phase. Within each rein type, minimal, maximal and mean tensions were higher with shorter reins. At neutral or short lengths, minimal tension increased and maximal tension decreased with elasticity of the reins. Short, inelastic reins had the highest maximal tension and rate of loading. Since the tension variables respond differently to rein elasticity at different lengths, it is recommended that a set of variables representing different aspects of rein tension should be reported. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of potential attraction term on surface tension of ionic liquids

Science.gov (United States)

Vaziri, N.; Khordad, R.; Rezaei, G.

2018-03-01

In this work, we have studied the effect of attraction term of molecular potential on surface tension of ionic liquids (ILs). For this purpose, we have introduced two different potential models to obtain analytical expressions for the surface tension of ILs. The introduced potential models have different attraction terms. The obtained surface tensions in this work have been compared with other theoretical methods and also experimental data. Using the calculated surface tension, the sound velocity is also estimated. We have studied the structural effects on the surface tensions of imidazolium-based ionic liquids. It is found that the cation alkyl chain length and the anion size play important roles to the surface tension of the selected ionic liquids. The calculated surface tensions show a good harmony with experimental data. It is clear that the attraction term of molecular potential has an important role on surface tension and sound velocity of our system.

Tension Stiffened and Tendon Actuated Manipulator

Science.gov (United States)

Doggett, William R. (Inventor); Dorsey, John T. (Inventor); Ganoe, George G. (Inventor); King, Bruce D. (Inventor); Jones, Thomas C. (Inventor); Mercer, Charles D. (Inventor); Corbin, Cole K. (Inventor)

2015-01-01

A tension stiffened and tendon actuated manipulator is provided performing robotic-like movements when acquiring a payload. The manipulator design can be adapted for use in-space, lunar or other planetary installations as it is readily configurable for acquiring and precisely manipulating a payload in both a zero-g environment and in an environment with a gravity field. The manipulator includes a plurality of link arms, a hinge connecting adjacent link arms together to allow the adjacent link arms to rotate relative to each other and a cable actuation and tensioning system provided between adjacent link arms. The cable actuation and tensioning system includes a spreader arm and a plurality of driven and non-driven elements attached to the link arms and the spreader arm. At least one cable is routed around the driven and non-driven elements for actuating the hinge.

La evaluación y el enfoque de competencias: Tensiones, limitaciones y oportunidades para la innovación docente en la universidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabiola Cabra Torres

2008-08-01

Full Text Available El artículo destaca elementos conceptuales y prácticos en los que la evaluación desde el enfoque de las competencias presenta dificultades, retos y oportunidades. A partir de una presentación de tensiones y limitaciones en la práctica de la evaluación, sugiere la necesidad de clarificar el concepto de competencia para que adquiera una coherencia disciplinar y metodológica tanto a nivel curricular como didáctico. Se presentan a manera de propuesta y reflexión, algunas innovaciones que desde el enfoque de las competencias ofrecen nuevas perspectivas tanto al mismo concepto de formación y de liderazgo pedagógico en la universidad como al seguimiento y revisión de la planificación de la enseñanza.

Wolves at the Door: Musical persuasion in a 2004 Bush-Cheney advertisement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matthew A. Killmeier

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Many journalists and scholars overlook the discursive role of music in TV political advertisements. But we argue that music is a potent means of political persuasion. Music in advertisements is determinative; all other elements—images, voiceovers, sound effects, written text, and so on—are circumscribed by the music and interpreted in relation to it. Music determines an advertisement’s character through framing and underscoring; musical frames establish interpretative categories and generate expectations, while underscoring comprises music that closely coordinates with images and voiceovers to form a persuasive aesthetic and rhetorical unity. A close reading of a 2004 Bush-Cheney advertisement applies this theory of frames and underscoring to explain the advertisement’s effectiveness. Without music, the advertisement would not only fail to persuade, it would also make no sense.

Wolves at the Door: Musical persuasion in a 2004 Bush-Cheney advertisement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matthew A. Killmeier

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Many journalists and scholars overlook the discursive role of music in TV political advertisements. But we argue that music is a potent means of political persuasion. Music in advertisements is determinative; all other elements—images, voiceovers, sound effects, written text, and so on—are circumscribed by the music and interpreted in relation to it. Music determines an advertisement’s character through framing and underscoring; musical frames establish interpretative categories and generate expectations, while underscoring comprises music that closely coordinates with images and voiceovers to form a persuasive aesthetic and rhetorical unity. A close reading of a 2004 Bush-Cheney advertisement applies this theory of frames and underscoring to explain the advertisement’s effectiveness. Without music, the advertisement would not only fail to persuade, it would also make no sense.

The Relationship Between Morphological Symmetry and Immune Response in Wild-Caught Adult Bush-Crickets

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Åsa Berggren

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Despite interest in the relationship between fluctuating asymmetry (FA, immune response and ecological factors in insects, little data are available from wild populations. In this study we measured FA and immune response in 370 wild-caught male bush-crickets, Metrioptera roeseli, from 20 experimentally introduced populations in southern-central Sweden. Individuals with more-symmetric wings had a higher immune response as measured by the cellular encapsulation of a surgically-implanted nylon monofilament. However, we found no relationship between measures of FA in other organs (i.e. tibia and maxillary palp and immune response, suggesting that this pattern may reflect differing selection pressures.

Parachute Cord Tension Sensor

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — To design and fabricate a light weight (few oz), very small (~2 inch length) parachute cord tension sensor demonstrator device.A major challenge for the CPAS (The...

Tension-filled Governance?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Celik, Tim Holst

on the statesituated tension-filled functional relationship between legitimation and accumulation, the study both historically and theoretically reworks this approach and reapplies it for the post-1970s/1990s governance period. It asks whether and to what extent governance has served as a distinctive post- 1970s/1990s...

Focal adhesions, stress fibers and mechanical tension

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Burridge, Keith, E-mail: Keith_Burridge@med.unc.edu [Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, 12-016 Lineberger, CB#7295, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States); Guilluy, Christophe, E-mail: christophe.guilluy@univ-nantes.fr [Inserm UMR-S1087, CNRS UMR-C6291, L' institut du Thorax, and Université de Nantes, Nantes (France)

2016-04-10

Stress fibers and focal adhesions are complex protein arrays that produce, transmit and sense mechanical tension. Evidence accumulated over many years led to the conclusion that mechanical tension generated within stress fibers contributes to the assembly of both stress fibers themselves and their associated focal adhesions. However, several lines of evidence have recently been presented against this model. Here we discuss the evidence for and against the role of mechanical tension in driving the assembly of these structures. We also consider how their assembly is influenced by the rigidity of the substratum to which cells are adhering. Finally, we discuss the recently identified connections between stress fibers and the nucleus, and the roles that these may play, both in cell migration and regulating nuclear function. - Highlights: • The different types of stress fiber and focal adhesion are described. • We discuss the controversy about tension and assembly of these structures. • We describe the different models used to investigate assembly of these structures. • The influence of substratum rigidity is discussed. • Stress fiber connections to the nucleus are reviewed.

The law of corresponding states and surface tension of metals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Digilov, R.

2001-01-01

Full Text: Surface tension of liquid metals is one of fundamental and most important quantities in theory and practice of material processing and its temperature dependence leads to the well-known Marangoni convection. Although currently methods are sufficiently precise to measure the surface tension, there are uncertainties in experimental data and its temperature dependence mainly due to impurity, which even a trace of it strongly affects the results of measurements. The theoretical treatment from the first principles is unwieldy and not always permits one to calculate the surface tension with certainty. Another active research field deals with empirical correlation between the surface tension and bulk thermodynamic properties, which we interpret as a simple consequence of the law of corresponding states. In order to relate the surface tension and to bulk properties of liquid metals the reduced formula is derived by scaling with the melting point T m (0) at p = 0 and atomic volume Ω 0 2/3 at T = 0 K as macroscopic parameters for scaling ε and a characterizing the interatomic potential in metals. The reduced surface tension and the reduced surface entropy obtained in high temperature limit are discussed and compared with the experiment. The reduced temperature coefficient of the surface tension found is a universal constant for the metals of the same structure. It is shown that pressure dependence of the surface tension, so called baric coefficient of the surface tension, can be described by pressure dependence of scaling parameters T m (p) and Ω 0 (p). (author)

Influence on cervical MR imaging by tension. Comparison between the picture quality of cervical MR image and tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iseki, Tadahiro; Okano, Tamotsu; Kanou, Norio; Tanaka, Kazuharu; Kawasaki, Kouichi; Kawachi, Toshiaki

2003-01-01

In our first report, we compared influence on cervical MR image (C-MRI) by fear and anxiety on between the first time and experienced patients, in which the significant difference was not seen between those patients. Then, the present study, we made a comparison of the picture sharpness of C-MRI on between patients who were in states of tension and not, and on among tense patients by several causes. Our study showed the tendency which the good quality pictures were easy to be obtained in the experienced patients who were tensely and the poor quality pictures were in the patients who were not, which could not demonstrated the statistical significant difference. However, as compared the respective cause which induces tension with the picture sharpness, the patients with tenses caused by MR device showed to be difficult to be obtained the good quality pictures. The present study suggested that ''unsuitable tension'', which was overstrung due to fear and anxiety from MR device, was difficult to obtain good quality picture of C-MRI, and that ''suitable tension'', with which could be kept still during the examination, was easy to do it. (author)

Tensions between Teams and Their Leaders

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. David Johnson

2016-10-01

Full Text Available The intersection of teamwork and leadership results in tensions, dilemmas, and paradoxes for both individuals and for institutions such as simultaneously empowering individuals at the same time it frustrates them when our naive, cultural understanding of leadership centralizes power and values leaders who can impose their will and vision on others. Perhaps the fundamental paradox of teamwork and leadership is that the more leadership is focused on an individual the less likely a team’s potential will be realized. Six specific domains where tensions arise are: at team boundaries; culture; who is in charge, rationality/cognition; diversity; and collaborations. Three approaches - clarifying different levels of analysis, temporal factors, and overarching concepts - to resolving tensions are discussed. New conceptions of leadership and the importance of the larger cultural frame within which they are embedded are needed for the management of technology and innovation.

Bending Under Tension Test with Direct Friction Measurement

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andreasen, Jan Lasson; Olsson, David Dam; Chodnikiewicz, K.

2004-01-01

A special BUT-transducer has been developed in which friction around the tool radius can be directly measured when drawing a plane sheet strip around a cylindrical tool-pin under constant back tension. The front tension, back tension and torque on the tool-pin are all measured directly, thus...... enabling accurate measurement of friction and direct determination of lubricant film breakdown for varying normal pressure, sliding speed, tool radius and tool preheat temperature. The transducer is applied in an experimental investigation focusing on limits of lubrication in drawing of stainless steel...

Automated wireless monitoring system for cable tension using smart sensors

Science.gov (United States)

Sim, Sung-Han; Li, Jian; Jo, Hongki; Park, Jongwoong; Cho, Soojin; Spencer, Billie F.; Yun, Chung-Bang

2013-04-01

Cables are critical load carrying members of cable-stayed bridges; monitoring tension forces of the cables provides valuable information for SHM of the cable-stayed bridges. Monitoring systems for the cable tension can be efficiently realized using wireless smart sensors in conjunction with vibration-based cable tension estimation approaches. This study develops an automated cable tension monitoring system using MEMSIC's Imote2 smart sensors. An embedded data processing strategy is implemented on the Imote2-based wireless sensor network to calculate cable tensions using a vibration-based method, significantly reducing the wireless data transmission and associated power consumption. The autonomous operation of the monitoring system is achieved by AutoMonitor, a high-level coordinator application provided by the Illinois SHM Project Services Toolsuite. The monitoring system also features power harvesting enabled by solar panels attached to each sensor node and AutoMonitor for charging control. The proposed wireless system has been deployed on the Jindo Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge located in South Korea. Tension forces are autonomously monitored for 12 cables in the east, land side of the bridge, proving the validity and potential of the presented tension monitoring system for real-world applications.

Insights into the dynamics of in situ gas hydrate formation and dissociation at the Bush Hill gas hydrate field, Gulf of Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Solomon, Evan A.; Kastner, Miriam; Robertson, Gretchen; Jannasch, Hans; Weinstein, Yishai

2005-07-01

Four newly designed flux meters called the MOSQUITO (Multiple Orifice Sampler and Quantitative Injection Tracer Observer), capable of measuring fluid flow rates and sampling pore fluid chemistry simultaneously, and two temperature loggers were deployed for 430 days adjacent to the Bush Hill hydrate mound in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GC 185). The main objective of the deployment was to understand how chemistry, temperature, and subsurface hydrology dynamically influence the growth and dissociation of the gas hydrate mound. The flux meters were deployed in a mussel field, in bacterial mats, in a tubeworm field, and at a background site approximately 100 m southwest of the hydrate mound. Results from the longterm chemical monitoring suggest that this system is not in dynamic equilibrium. Gas hydrate actively formed within the mussel field adjacent to the most active gas vent, in the tubeworm field, and at the background site. The hydrology is variable with upward flow rates ranging from 1-90 cm/yr and downward flow rates from 3-130 cm/yr. Two distinct hydrologic pulsing events were sampled across the three mound sites, which advect a fluid from depth that further stabilizes the gas hydrate deposit. The hydrogeochemistry at Bush Hill seems to be influenced by multiple mechanisms such as active formation of gas hydrate, fluid influx and outflux due to active venting of CH4 at transient methane seeps at and near the mound, local salt tectonics, and density driven convection. The fluxes of fluid, solutes, and methane may have a significant impact on the seafloor biochemical environment and the water column chemistry at Bush Hill. (Author)

Corrosion resistance of grouted post-tensioning systems : [summary].

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-01

The increased popularity of post-tensioned bridge construction in the United States has led to concerns about corrosion and its impact on the life cycle of these bridges. Although the vast majority of post-tensioned bridges in the United States have ...

La escuela en el mundo campesino quechua: tensiones socioculturales entre modos de socialización de conocimientos. The school in the Quechua peasant world: sociocultural tensions between modes of socialization of knowledge

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaime Zambrana Vargas

2006-11-01

Full Text Available En Bolivia, la implementación de reformas educativas estatales ha soslayado la realidad de una sociedad abigarrada y de diversidad cultural. Los modelos pedagógicos de la escuela fueron impuestos en el mundo rural y no han respondidoa las demandas e intereses socioculturales de la niñez campesina/indígena; enconsecuencia, la institución escolar'instrumento de uniformización cultural'noha sido sensible a las cosmovisiones indígenas y recurrentemente, a través de la historia, ha encubierto un escenario de conflicto, negociaciones y mediacionesculturales. El estudio, desde una perspectiva sociohistórica y cualitativa, analiza las tensiones entre los modos de socialización de conocimientos'escuela y comunidad campesina'en los procesos de transformación del sistema educativo estatal. Desde las percepciones e interacciones de los actores sociales educativos, los modos de socialización'como fenómeno cultural y pedagógico'revelan una complejidad de los sentidos/significados de las cosmovisiones de los actores. La investigación devela las características y las interrelaciones de las visiones y los discursos de las formas de socialización de la escuela y la comunidad campesina dentro de un contexto de implementación de la reforma educativa en la gestión del desarrollo municipal. The implementation of State educational reforms has sidestepped the reality of a heterogeneous society and Bolivia?s cultural diversity. The pedagogic models of formal schooling have been thrust upon a rural world and fail to respond to the needs and socio-cultural interests of an indigenous peasant youth. As a result, the institutionalized school?an instrument geared toward homogenizing the culture?has failed to be sensitive to diverse indigenous cosmic visions, which has historically and repeatedly resulted in cultural conflicts, bargaining and mediation. This study takes a socio-historical perspective to qualitatively analyze the tensions between the modes

Job-related tension, self-esteem and psychological distress in rehabilitation professionals.

Science.gov (United States)

Flett, R; Biggs, H; Alpass, F

1995-06-01

We examined perceptions of job-related tension among a non-random sample of 52 New Zealand rehabilitation service providers. We considered the relations between job tension and psychological distress and the extent to which feelings of self-esteem moderated this relationship. Major findings are that (a) there is a consistent positive relationship between job tension and general psychological distress; (b) there is a consistent negative relationship between self-esteem and both job tension and general distress; (c) self-esteem moderates the effect of job tension on general distress in that high levels of job tension were associated with increases in psychological distress among respondents with low self-esteem while among respondents with high-self esteem, job-related tension had little negative impact on feelings of psychological distress. Despite a number of limitations, the findings have a number of important implications for professional functioning among rehabilitation service providers and highlight the need for appropriate staff development and training initiatives which focus specifically on service provider wellbeing.

Tensioned Fabric Structures with Surface in the Form of Chen-Gackstatter

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yee Hooi Min

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Form-finding has to be carried out for tensioned fabric structure in order to determine the initial equilibrium shape under prescribed support condition and prestress pattern. Tensioned fabric structures are normally designed to be in the form of equal tensioned surface. Tensioned fabric structure is highly suited to be used for realizing surfaces of complex or new forms. However, research study on a new form as a tensioned fabric structure has not attracted much attention. Another source of inspiration minimal surface which could be adopted as form for tensioned fabric structure is very crucial. The aim of this study is to propose initial equilibrium shape of tensioned fabric structures in the form of Chen-Gackstatter. Computational form-finding using nonlinear analysis method is used to determine the Chen-Gackstatter form of uniformly stressed surfaces. A tensioned fabric structure must curve equally in opposite directions to give the resulting surface a three dimensional stability. In an anticlastic doubly curved surface, the sum of all positive and all negative curvatures is zero. This study provides an alternative choice for structural designer to consider the Chen-Gackstatter applied in tensioned fabric structures. The results on factors affecting initial equilibrium shape can serve as a reference for proper selection of surface parameter for achieving a structurally viable surface.

Política y subjetividad: la tensión autogestióndelegación en empresas y fábricas recuperadas Politics & Subjectivity: The Self-Management / Delegation Tensions On Business And Recovered Factories

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana María Fernández

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo se enmarca en la investigación UBACyT P052 "Política y subjetividad: estrategias colectivas frente a la vulnerabilización social" Es una investigación exploratoria descriptiva, con una metodología cualitativa para el relevamiento y análisis de la información. El marco teórico posee un criterio multireferencial que articula ideas de las Ciencias Sociales, la Psicología Social, el Movimiento Institucionalista, las Teorías Grupales, el Psicoanálisis, las Teorías de las Producciones Discursivas y la Psicología Comunitaria. Se presentan varios espacios colectivos relevados, integrados por trabajadores de Fábricas Recuperadas y algunas de las tensiones que los atraviesan. Se señala cómo la construcción de espacios de acción colectiva, particularmente en sus modalidades más autogestivas y su tensión con modalidades más delegativas, hacen posibles nuevos modos de organización. Esta tensión posibilita la invención de novedosos modos de organización.This paper is related with UBACyT P052 "Politics and subjectivity: collectives strategys at the head of social vulnerability". This is an exploratory and descriptive work, with a qualitative methodology for the collecting and analysis of the information. Its theoretical frame is designed with multi-referential criterion that articulates ideas of Social Sciences, Social Psychology, Institutionalist Movement, Group Theories, Psychoanalysis, Theories of the Discursive Productions and Community Psychology. It presents recovered factories workers' collective experiencies and some tensions across their collective actions. It is pointed out how the construction of spaces for collective action, particularly in the self-management organization way and its tensions with the delegative one, make possible new modes of organization. This tension allows the invention of new modes of organization.

Inclusion and Participation: Working with the Tensions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gideon Calder

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Democracy is crucially about inclusion: a theory of democracy must account for who is to be included in the democratic process, how, and on what terms. Inclusion, if conceived democratically, is fraught with tensions. This article identifies three such tensions, arising respectively in: (i the inauguration of the democratic public; (ii enabling equal participation; and (iii the relationship between instrumental and non-instrumental accounts of democracy’s value. In each case, I argue, rather than seeking somehow to dissolve or avoid such tensions, theories of democracy should allow us to live with their implications reflexively: to work with them. Such tensions are counter-democratic to the extent that they derail what Nancy Fraser calls “participatory parity,” under which citizens count as “full partners in social interaction.” But the extent to which they do this is not itself dependent on points of paradox in the very idea of inclusion. Such parity relies on complex factors, social and economic, which democratic institutions and procedures will not by themselves address. To achieve full democratic inclusion we must already have addressed such factors; no account of democracy itself, however finely-tuned, will do this.

33 CFR 147.809 - Mars Tension Leg Platform safety zone.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Mars Tension Leg Platform safety... SECURITY (CONTINUED) OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ACTIVITIES SAFETY ZONES § 147.809 Mars Tension Leg Platform safety zone. (a) Description. The Mars Tension Leg Platform (Mars TLP) is located at position 28°10′10.29...

Tension bulla: a cause of reversible pulmonary hypertension.

Science.gov (United States)

Waxman, Michael J; Waxman, Jacob D; Forman, John M

2015-01-01

A tension pneumothorax represents a medical emergency warranting urgent diagnosis and treatment. A rapidly expanding bulla may resemble the same clinical presentation but requires an entirely different treatment. A 53-year-old woman presented with increasing shortness of breath and her physical examination and chest x-ray were interpreted as showing a tension pneumothorax. A chest tube was placed which did not resolve the process. Placement of a second chest tube was likewise unsuccessful. A chest CT was then performed and was interpreted as showing an unresolved tension pneumothorax, despite seemingly adequate placement of the 2 chest tubes. Further review of the CT showed the border of a giant bulla and a tentative diagnosis was made of a rapidly expanding bulla with tension physiology. Echocardiogram revealed significant pulmonary hypertension. The bulla was surgically excised, the patient had marked improvement in her clinical symptoms and signs, and echocardiographic follow-up showed complete resolution of the pulmonary hypertension.

Leadership. Using Creative Tension.

Science.gov (United States)

Cook, David L.

1986-01-01

Leadership involves maintaining a balance of the variables which comprise leadership. Love and fear, types of power, success and effectiveness, and driving and restraining forces are discussed as sources of the creative tension a leader uses to influence others. (MT)

Surface tension of H2O and D2O

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vargaftik, N.B.; Voljak, L.D.; Volkov, B.N.

1975-01-01

There is a great number of works on surface tension of clean water (H 2 O) at temperatures up to 100 deg C and very few above the boiling point. Works on surface tension of heavy water (D 2 O) are insufficient. A review of works on surface tension of both kinds of water is given

CUBA: TRANSICIÓN, SUCESIÓN, ESTABILIDAD, SEGURIDAD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joaquín ROY

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este análisis trata de la relación entre la estabilidad del presente gobierno cubano y la necesidad de seguridad en su territorio y en la zona circundante. Este vínculo se produce en un momento político de Cuba, entre un primer paso de la sucesión de Fidel Castro a Raúl, sin que se den señales claras de una transición hacia otro tipo de sistema político. Mientras tanto, el gobierno de Estados Unidos ha declarado que su prioridad estriba en el reestablecimiento de la democracia en Cuba, tanto durante el último periodo de la administración de George W. Bush como con Barack Obama ya asentado en la Casa Blanca. Sin embargo, las delicadas circunstancias de Cuba (precariedad económica, desastres naturales, dependencia alimentaria y energética, etc. señalan que la prioridad de los intereses nacionales de Estados Unidos se centran primero en la estabilidad del escenario. Incluso al precio del retraso de la evolución del régimen, un cierto grado de seguridad es necesario para enfrentarse a los riesgos de una emigración incontrolada y las hipotéticas tensiones internas que provoquen confrontaciones.

Cuba: transición, sucesión, estabilidad, seguridad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joaquín ROY

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este análisis trata de la relación entre la estabilidad del presente gobierno cubano y la necesidad de seguridad en su territorio y en la zona circundante. Este vínculo se produce en un momento político de Cuba, entre un primer paso de la sucesión de Fidel Castro a Raúl, sin que se den señales claras de una transición hacia otro tipo de sistema político. Mientras tanto, el gobierno de Estados Unidos ha declarado que su prioridad estriba en el reestablecimiento de la democracia en Cuba, tanto durante el último periodo de la administración de George W. Bush como con Barack Obama ya asentado en la Casa Blanca. Sin embargo, las delicadas circunstancias de Cuba (precariedad económica, desastres naturales, dependencia alimentaria y energética, etc. señalan que la prioridad de los intereses nacionales de Estados Unidos se centran primero en la estabilidad del escenario. Incluso al precio del retraso de la evolución del régimen, un cierto grado de seguridad es necesario para enfrentarse a los riesgos de una emigración incontrolada y las hipotéticas tensiones internas que provoquen confrontaciones

A wireless smart sensor network for automated monitoring of cable tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sim, Sung-Han; Cho, Soojin; Li, Jian; Jo, Hongki; Park, Jong-Woong; Jung, Hyung-Jo; Spencer Jr, Billie F

2014-01-01

As cables are primary load carrying members in cable-stayed bridges, monitoring the tension forces of the cables provides valuable information regarding structural soundness. Incorporating wireless smart sensors with vibration-based tension estimation methods provides an efficient means of autonomous long-term monitoring of cable tensions. This study develops a wireless cable tension monitoring system using MEMSIC’s Imote2 smart sensors. The monitoring system features autonomous operation, sustainable energy harvesting and power consumption, and remote access using the internet. To obtain the tension force, an in-network data processing strategy associated with the vibration-based tension estimation method is implemented on the Imote2-based sensor network, significantly reducing the wireless data transmission and the power consumption. The proposed monitoring system has been deployed and validated on the Jindo Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge located in South Korea. (paper)

A wireless smart sensor network for automated monitoring of cable tension

Science.gov (United States)

Sim, Sung-Han; Li, Jian; Jo, Hongki; Park, Jong-Woong; Cho, Soojin; Spencer, Billie F., Jr.; Jung, Hyung-Jo

2014-02-01

As cables are primary load carrying members in cable-stayed bridges, monitoring the tension forces of the cables provides valuable information regarding structural soundness. Incorporating wireless smart sensors with vibration-based tension estimation methods provides an efficient means of autonomous long-term monitoring of cable tensions. This study develops a wireless cable tension monitoring system using MEMSIC’s Imote2 smart sensors. The monitoring system features autonomous operation, sustainable energy harvesting and power consumption, and remote access using the internet. To obtain the tension force, an in-network data processing strategy associated with the vibration-based tension estimation method is implemented on the Imote2-based sensor network, significantly reducing the wireless data transmission and the power consumption. The proposed monitoring system has been deployed and validated on the Jindo Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge located in South Korea.

Efectos de la consejería personalizada en la reducción de cifras tensionales en pacientes hipertensos esenciales severos, OMS I Effects of personalized counseling on the reduction of tension leves in patients with severe essential hipertension. WHO I

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jasna Stiepovich Bertoni

1994-01-01

Full Text Available Se compararon dos sistemas de intervención para evaluar el efecto de la consejaría personalizada en pacientes hipertensos esenciales severos, OMS I, orientados a reducir cifras tensionales sistólicas, diastólicas y aumentar su autoestima. La variable independente como método de intervención tuvo una duración de 24 semanas. Se midiron variables despendientes: cifras tensionales y autoestima. Los resultados arrojaron que pacientes hipertensos esenciales severos OMS I, del grupo experimental disminuyeron en promedio más sus cifras tensionales y aumentaron en promedio más su autoestima que pacientes del grupo control, encontrándose también depencia entre peso y presión arterial. Consejería Personalizada demostró ser una estrategia de Enfermería exitosa, para este grupo de pacientes.Two intervention systems to evaluate the effect of personalized counseling in severe essential hypertensive patients OMS I, oriented to reduce systolic and diastolic tensional pressures and to increase self-esteem, were compared. The independent variable as an intervention method took place during 24 weeks. Dependent variables: tensional pressures and self-esteem were measured. The results showed that essential severe hypertensive patients OMS I of the experimental groups decreased the average of (the systolic and diastolic tensional pressures and increased their self-esteem more than patients of control group. Finding also a direct dependence between weight and tensional pressures Personalized Counseling showed to be a successful strategy of nursing for this group of patients.

Strain Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Members Subjected to Uniaxial Tension

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hagsten, Lars German; Rasmussen, Annette Beedholm; Fisker, Jakob

2017-01-01

The aim of this paper is to set up a method to determine the strain capacity of tension bars of reinforced concrete (RC) subjected to pure tension. Due to the interaction between reinforcement and concrete and due to the presence of cracks, the stresses in both reinforcement and concrete...... are varying along the length of the tension bar. The strain capacity of the tension bar is seen as the average strain in the reinforcement at the load level corresponding to the ultimate stress capacity of the reinforcement at the cracks. The result of the approach is in overall good agreement when comparing...

Tension in the recent Type Ia supernovae datasets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wei, Hao

2010-01-01

In the present work, we investigate the tension in the recent Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) datasets Constitution and Union. We show that they are in tension not only with the observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy and the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), but also with other SNIa datasets such as Davis and SNLS. Then, we find the main sources responsible for the tension. Further, we make this more robust by employing the method of random truncation. Based on the results of this work, we suggest two truncated versions of the Union and Constitution datasets, namely the UnionT and ConstitutionT SNIa samples, whose behaviors are more regular.

Tensions in implementing the “energy-conservation/carbon-reduction” policy in Taiwanese culture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chiu, Mei-Shiu

2013-01-01

The aim of this study is to investigate the Taiwanese public's perceptions of tensions between the implementation of an energy policy and the practice of traditional culture. The energy policy calls for public actions to conserve energy and reduce carbon emissions. The research participants are 94 people, selected by balancing sexes, ages, and residential areas, from a wide range of vocations. The research data were collected by semi-structured interview with the participants individually. Interview questions were designed to elicit the participants' constructs, beliefs, behaviours, and tensions in relation to energy policy and traditional culture. Data analysis was performed based on a qualitative methodology by the procedure of open coding, theme finding, constant comparison, and theory generation. The analysis identifies four tensions: (1) tensions in knowledge bases between energy conservation and carbon reduction, (2) tensions in lifestyles between having and being, (3) tensions in social systems between authority and conformity, and (4) tensions in creation boundaries between technology and nature. The themes underlying the four tensions are uncertainty, pleasure, power, and control, respectively. Solutions to the four tensions may include practical knowledge, pragmatic idealism, hierarchical collaboration, and sustainable innovation. - Highlights: ► Tensions occur between energy policy and traditional culture. ► Tensions occur in knowledge, life, society, and creation in Taiwan. ► The themes of the four tensions are uncertainty, pleasure, power, and control

Rein tension acceptance in young horses in a voluntary test situation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Janne Winther; zharkikh, T.L.; Antoine, A.

2011-01-01

Reasons for performing the study: During riding, horses are frequently exposed to pressure from the rider, e.g. through the bit and reins, but few studies have investigated at which point rein tension becomes uncomfortable for the horse. Objectives: To investigate how much rein tension young...... inexperienced horses are willing to accept in order to obtain a food reward; whether the tension acceptance changes during 3 consecutive test days; and whether rein tension correlates with the expression of conflict behaviour and heart rate. Hypotheses: Pressure-naïve horses will apply only little rein tension...... in the first voluntary trial, but their acceptance will gradually increase. High levels of rein tension will lead to expression of conflict behaviour and increases in heart rate. Methods: Fifteen 2-year-old, bridle-naïve mares were encouraged to stretch their head forward (across a 0.95 m high metal bar...

Tensions in the Parent and Adult Child Relationship: Links to Solidarity and Ambivalence

Science.gov (United States)

Birditt, Kira S.; Miller, Laura M.; Fingerman, Karen L.; Lefkowitz, Eva S.

2009-01-01

Tensions are normative in the parent and adult child relationship, but there is little research on the topics that cause the most tension or whether tensions are associated with overall relationship quality. Adult sons and daughters, aged 22 to 49, and their mothers and fathers (N = 158 families, 474 individuals) reported the intensity of different tension topics and relationship quality (solidarity and ambivalence) with one another. Tensions varied between and within families by generation, gender and age of offspring. In comparison to tensions regarding individual issues, tensions regarding the relationship were associated with lower affective solidarity and greater ambivalence. Findings are consistent with the developmental schism hypothesis, which indicates that parent-child tensions are common and are the result of discrepancies in developmental needs which vary by generation, gender, and age. PMID:19485648

Optic nerve oxygen tension

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kiilgaard, Jens Folke; Pedersen, D B; Eysteinsson, T

2004-01-01

The authors have previously reported that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide and dorzolamide raise optic nerve oxygen tension (ONPO(2)) in pigs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether timolol, which belongs to another group of glaucoma drugs called beta...

Cellular control of connective tissue matrix tension.

Science.gov (United States)

Langevin, Helene M; Nedergaard, Maiken; Howe, Alan K

2013-08-01

The biomechanical behavior of connective tissue in response to stretching is generally attributed to the molecular composition and organization of its extracellular matrix. It also is becoming apparent that fibroblasts play an active role in regulating connective tissue tension. In response to static stretching of the tissue, fibroblasts expand within minutes by actively remodeling their cytoskeleton. This dynamic change in fibroblast shape contributes to the drop in tissue tension that occurs during viscoelastic relaxation. We propose that this response of fibroblasts plays a role in regulating extracellular fluid flow into the tissue, and protects against swelling when the matrix is stretched. This article reviews the evidence supporting possible mechanisms underlying this response including autocrine purinergic signaling. We also discuss fibroblast regulation of connective tissue tension with respect to lymphatic flow, immune function, and cancer. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Exploring the tensions of being and becoming a medical educator.

Science.gov (United States)

Sethi, Ahsan; Ajjawi, Rola; McAleer, Sean; Schofield, Susie

2017-03-23

Previous studies have identified tensions medical faculty encounter in their roles but not specifically those with a qualification in medical education. It is likely that those with postgraduate qualifications may face additional tensions (i.e., internal or external conflicts or concerns) from differentiation by others, greater responsibilities and translational work against the status quo. This study explores the complex and multi-faceted tensions of educators with qualifications in medical education at various stages in their career. The data described were collected in 2013-14 as part of a larger, three-phase mixed-methods research study employing a constructivist grounded theory analytic approach to understand identity formation among medical educators. The over-arching theoretical framework for the study was Communities of Practice. Thirty-six educators who had undertaken or were undertaking a postgraduate qualification in medical education took part in semi-structured interviews. Participants expressed multiple tensions associated with both becoming and being a healthcare educator. Educational roles had to be juggled with clinical work, challenging their work-life balance. Medical education was regarded as having lower prestige, and therefore pay, than other healthcare career tracks. Medical education is a vast speciality, making it difficult as a generalist to keep up-to-date in all its areas. Interestingly, the graduates with extensive experience in education reported no fears, rather asserting that the qualification gave them job variety. This is the first detailed study exploring the tensions of educators with postgraduate qualifications in medical education. It complements and extends the findings of the previous studies by identifying tensions common as well as specific to active students and graduates. These tensions may lead to detachment, cynicism and a weak sense of identity among healthcare educators. Postgraduate programmes in medical education

Conducting Qualitative Data Analysis: Managing Dynamic Tensions within

Science.gov (United States)

Chenail, Ronald J.

2012-01-01

In the third of a series of "how-to" essays on conducting qualitative data analysis, Ron Chenail examines the dynamic tensions within the process of qualitative data analysis that qualitative researchers must manage in order to produce credible and creative results. These tensions include (a) the qualities of the data and the qualitative data…

Coupled Interfacial Tension and Phase Behavior Model Based on Micellar Curvatures

KAUST Repository

Torrealba, V. A.

2017-11-08

This article introduces a consistent and robust model that predicts interfacial tensions for all microemulsion Winsor types and overall compositions. The model incorporates film bending arguments and Huh\\'s equation and is coupled to phase behavior so that simultaneous tuning of both interfacial tension (IFT) and phase behavior is possible. The oil-water interfacial tension and characteristic length are shown to be related to each other through the hydrophilic-lipophilic deviation (HLD). The phase behavior is tied to the micelle curvatures, without the need for using the net average curvature (NAC). The interfacial tension model is related to solubilization ratios in order to introduce a coupled interfacial tension-phase behavior model for all phase environments. The approach predicts two- and three-phase interfacial tensions and phase behavior (i.e., tie lines and tie triangles) for changes in composition and HLD input parameters, such as temperature, pressure, surfactant structure, and oil equivalent alkane carbon number. Comparisons to experimental data show excellent fits and predictive capability.

Quantifying the BICEP2-Planck tension over gravitational waves.

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Kendrick M; Dvorkin, Cora; Boyle, Latham; Turok, Neil; Halpern, Mark; Hinshaw, Gary; Gold, Ben

2014-07-18

The recent BICEP2 measurement of B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background (r = 0.2(-0.05)(+0.07)), a possible indication of primordial gravity waves, appears to be in tension with the upper limit from WMAP (r < 0.13 at 95% C.L.) and Planck (r < 0.11 at 95% C.L.). We carefully quantify the level of tension and show that it is very significant (around 0.1% unlikely) when the observed deficit of large-scale temperature power is taken into account. We show that measurements of TE and EE power spectra in the near future will discriminate between the hypotheses that this tension is either a statistical fluke or a sign of new physics. We also discuss extensions of the standard cosmological model that relieve the tension and some novel ways to constrain them.

Modeling of surface tension effects in venturi scrubbing

Science.gov (United States)

Ott, Robert M.; Wu, Tatsu K. L.; Crowder, Jerry W.

A modified model of venturi scrubber performance has been developed that addresses two effects of liquid surface tension: its effect on droplet size and its effect on particle penetration into the droplet. The predictions of the model indicate that, in general, collection efficiency increases with a decrease in liquid surface tension, but the range over which this increase is significant depends on the particle size and on the scrubber operating parameters. The predictions further indicate that the increases in collection efficiency are almost totally due to the effect of liquid surface tension on the mean droplet size, and that the collection efficiency is not significantly affected by the ability of the particle to penetrate the droplet.

Una cuestión de escala: sociedad, ambiente, tiempo y territorio A question of scale: society, environment, time and territory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos E. Reboratti

2001-06-01

Full Text Available A medida que los limites disciplinares se van haciendo cada vez más borrosos y se produce un acercamiento entre campos del saber antes tan alejados como la historia y la ecología (paradójicamente paralelo a una fuerte especialización dentro de cada una de ellas, se hacen evidentes las tensiones que se generan cuando se intenta compatibilizar las "miradas" de cada una de ellas sobre su objeto de estudio. Estas miradas podemos resumirlas alrededor del tema de las escalas, las aproximaciones técnico-conceptuales que cada disciplina utiliza para reducir su objeto de estudio a una dimensión manejable. Esta diferencia se puede encontrar bajo dos dimensiones no excluyentes: el tiempo y el espacio. Las escalas utilizadas para analizar cada una de estas dimensiones son variables y hasta ahora habían sido objeto de controversia en el seno de las humanidades. Pero si introducimos en la discusión la variable que en forma genérica podemos llamar "ambiental", la tensión se hace muy difícil de solucionar, ya que vamos a tener que tratar de compatibilizar por un lado disciplinas, como la geología, cuya unidad de trabajo es 1 millón de años o la geomorfología, que trabaja con decenas de miles de años, con la historia, cuyo sujeto de análisis no tiene mas de 12.000 años de haber aprendido a cultivar la tierra. Por no hablar de disciplinas del presente, como la geografía, o la sociología, cuyo rango temporario raramente va mas atrás de una generación de personas. De toda esta controversia surgen algunas preguntas básicas, tales como: existe una escala espacial que compatibilice las disciplinas que coinciden en el ambiente? Que significa macro, micro y meso en cada disciplina? Es posible relacionar los ciclos temporales que determina cada disciplina? Como se construye conceptualmente un campo interdisciplinario como la historia ambiental o la geografía histórica?As disciplinary limits become blurred and knowledge fields so distant as

Myosin II dynamics are regulated by tension in intercalating cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Fernandez-Gonzalez, Rodrigo; Simoes, Sérgio de Matos; Röper, Jens-Christian; Eaton, Suzanne; Zallen, Jennifer A

2009-11-01

Axis elongation in Drosophila occurs through polarized cell rearrangements driven by actomyosin contractility. Myosin II promotes neighbor exchange through the contraction of single cell boundaries, while the contraction of myosin II structures spanning multiple pairs of cells leads to rosette formation. Here we show that multicellular actomyosin cables form at a higher frequency than expected by chance, indicating that cable assembly is an active process. Multicellular cables are sites of increased mechanical tension as measured by laser ablation. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments show that myosin II is stabilized at the cortex in regions of increased tension. Myosin II is recruited in response to an ectopic force and relieving tension leads to a rapid loss of myosin, indicating that tension is necessary and sufficient for cortical myosin localization. These results demonstrate that myosin II dynamics are regulated by tension in a positive feedback loop that leads to multicellular actomyosin cable formation and efficient tissue elongation.

Surface tension anomalies in room temperature ionic liquids-acetone solutions

Science.gov (United States)

Abe, Hiroshi; Murata, Keisuke; Kiyokawa, Shota; Yoshimura, Yukihiro

2018-05-01

Surface tension anomalies were observed in room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL)-acetone solutions. The RTILs are 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazorium iodide with [Cnmim][I] in a [Cnmim][I]-x mol% acetone. The maximum value of the surface tension appeared at 40 mol% acetone, although density decreased monotonically with an increase in acetone concentration. A small alkyl chain length effect of the Cnmim+ cations was observed in the surface tension. By the Gibbs adsorption isotherm, it was found that I- anion-mediated surface structure became dominant above 40 mol%. In the different [Cnmim][TFSI]-acetone mixtures, normal decay of the surface tension was observed on the acetone concentration scale, where TFSI- is bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide.

Las tensiones en la relación docente-alumno. Una investigación del ámbito educativo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Klein

2011-10-01

Full Text Available El autor expone las dimensiones y circunstancias de una investigación cualitativa realizada en un prestigioso instituto de docentes en Uruguay. Indagando en los rituales de interacción aplicados en el ámbito educativo, se observan los modelos de relación, la construcción de la identidad de docente y demás elementos propios de la institución educativa. En ese contexto, se identifican distintos contextos y situaciones cotidianas que reproducen procesos sociales en los que la finalidad está clara: la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.

Transitions of tethered chain molecules under tension.

Science.gov (United States)

Luettmer-Strathmann, Jutta; Binder, Kurt

2014-09-21

An applied tension force changes the equilibrium conformations of a polymer chain tethered to a planar substrate and thus affects the adsorption transition as well as the coil-globule and crystallization transitions. Conversely, solvent quality and surface attraction are reflected in equilibrium force-extension curves that can be measured in experiments. To investigate these effects theoretically, we study tethered chains under tension with Wang-Landau simulations of a bond-fluctuation lattice model. Applying our model to pulling experiments on biological molecules we obtain a good description of experimental data in the intermediate force range, where universal features dominate and finite size effects are small. For tethered chains in poor solvent, we observe the predicted two-phase coexistence at transitions from the globule to stretched conformations and also discover direct transitions from crystalline to stretched conformations. A phase portrait for finite chains constructed by evaluating the density of states for a broad range of solvent conditions and tensions shows how increasing tension leads to a disappearance of the globular phase. For chains in good solvents tethered to hard and attractive surfaces we find the predicted scaling with the chain length in the low-force regime and show that our results are well described by an analytical, independent-bond approximation for the bond-fluctuation model for the highest tensions. Finally, for a hard or slightly attractive surface the stretching of a tethered chain is a conformational change that does not correspond to a phase transition. However, when the surface attraction is sufficient to adsorb a chain it will undergo a desorption transition at a critical value of the applied force. Our results for force-induced desorption show the transition to be discontinuous with partially desorbed conformations in the coexistence region.

Computationally fast estimation of muscle tension for realtime bio-feedback.

Science.gov (United States)

Murai, Akihiko; Kurosaki, Kosuke; Yamane, Katsu; Nakamura, Yoshihiko

2009-01-01

In this paper, we propose a method for realtime estimation of whole-body muscle tensions. The main problem of muscle tension estimation is that there are infinite number of solutions to realize a particular joint torque due to the actuation redundancy. Numerical optimization techniques, e.g. quadratic programming, are often employed to obtain a unique solution, but they are usually computationally expensive. For example, our implementation of quadratic programming takes about 0.17 sec per frame on the musculoskeletal model with 274 elements, which is far from realtime computation. Here, we propose to reduce the computational cost by using EMG data and by reducing the number of unknowns in the optimization. First, we compute the tensions of muscles with surface EMG data based on a biological muscle data, which is a very efficient process. We also assume that their synergists have the same activity levels and compute their tensions with the same model. Tensions of the remaining muscles are then computed using quadratic programming, but the number of unknowns is significantly reduced by assuming that the muscles in the same heteronymous group have the same activity level. The proposed method realizes realtime estimation and visualization of the whole-body muscle tensions that can be applied to sports training and rehabilitation.

Eficiencia operacional del virador de palangre de una embarcación atunera artesanal prototipo de Isla Margarita, Venezuela Operational efficiency of the longline hauler on a prototype artisanal tuna fishing vessel from Margarita Island, Venezuela

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ernesto Trujillo

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La eficiencia operacional del mecanismo de virado del palangre de una embarcación atunera artesanal de Isla Margarita, Venezuela, se determinó mediante la velocidad media de calado, velocidad media de virado, tensión de entrada del virador (T0 y su fuerza de tracción (P. Se encontró una relación directa entre la fuerza de gravedad media (q med de la sección de palangre y la tensión de entrada del virador (T0. Considerando una fuerza (Pme d en la entrada del virador (Sj, la tensión en (S3 disminuye debido a la polea de presión que ejerce una fuerza H = 23,7 N, obteniendo una fuerza S4 = 0. La velocidad media de calado del palangre fue de 208 m min-1 (~ 333 anzuelos/hora y la velocidad media de virado de 121 m min-1 (~ 160 anzuelos/hora; mientras que la tensión de entrada del virador (T0 fue de 1.013 N. Por lo tanto, la nueva fuerza de tracción (P fluctuó entre 1.317 y 1.418 N. De acuerdo al torque en las poleas del mecanismo virador, la velocidad media de virado (v med y las relaciones de transmisión (k1= k2, se estimó que para el izado del palangre se requiere una potencia media (Nmed de 5,3 hp (~ 3,95 kW, resultando eficiencia de virado por sección (Tp de 135,4 s.The operational efficiency of the long line hauler on an artisanal tuna fishing vessel from Margarita Island, Venezuela, was determined using the average setting velocity, average hauling velocity, hauler input tension (T0 and traction strength (P. A direct relationship was found between the average gravity (q med on the long-line section and the hauler input tension (T0. Considering a strength (Pme d at the input of the long line hauler (Sj, the roller tension (S3 decreases due to the force of H = 23.7 N exerted by the pressure roller, resulting in a strength of S4 = 0. The long-line average setting velocity was 208 m min-1 (~ 333 hooks/hour and its hauling velocity was 121 m min-1 (~ 160 hooks/hour, whereas hauler input tension (T0 was 1013 N. Therefore, the new

POSTOPERATIVE URINARY RETENTION AND EARLY REPOSITION OF TENSION-FREE VAGINAL TAPE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marijan Lužnik

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Background. The purpose of this article is to show a possible method of treatment of postoperative urinary retention after an initial tension-free vaginal tape.Methods. From December 1999 to May 2003 we performed one hundred TVT procedures at our department, among them five women had postoperative urinary retention evaluated with catheterization. Revision and reposition of tension-free vaginal tape were performed if retention of urine was over 100 ml.Results. Urinary retention after an initial tension-free vaginal tape was successfully treated by early reposition of tension-free vaginal tape. This resulted in immediate residualfree voiding and continence, which remained unchanged at 6 week and 3 month follow-up.Conclusions. Postoperative urinary retention may be treated by reposition instead of dissection or elongation of the tension-free vaginal tape.

The tension as perturbative parameter in string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gamboa, J.

1990-01-01

We propose an approach to string theory where the zero theory is the null string. We find an explicit form of the propagator for the null string in the momentum space. We show that considering the tension as perturbative parameter, the perturbative series is completely summable and we find the propagator of the bosonic open string with tension T. (author) [pt

Surface tension and density of Si-Ge melts

Science.gov (United States)

Ricci, Enrica; Amore, Stefano; Giuranno, Donatella; Novakovic, Rada; Tuissi, Ausonio; Sobczak, Natalia; Nowak, Rafal; Korpala, Bartłomiej; Bruzda, Grzegorz

2014-06-01

In this work, the surface tension and density of Si-Ge liquid alloys were determined by the pendant drop method. Over the range of measurements, both properties show a linear temperature dependence and a nonlinear concentration dependence. Indeed, the density decreases with increasing silicon content exhibiting positive deviation from ideality, while the surface tension increases and deviates negatively with respect to the ideal solution model. Taking into account the Si-Ge phase diagram, a simple lens type, the surface tension behavior of the Si-Ge liquid alloys was analyzed in the framework of the Quasi-Chemical Approximation for the Regular Solutions model. The new experimental results were compared with a few data available in the literature, obtained by the containerless method.

Rein tension during canter

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Egenvall, Agneta; Eisersiö, Marie; Rhodin, Marie; van Weeren, P.R.; Roepstorff, Lars

2015-01-01

Riders generally use reins as a means for communication with the horse. At present, the signalling pattern is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to illustrate and analyse the rein tension patterns in a number of rider/horse combinations across a variety of exercises in the canter gait. Our

On innovation patterns and value-tensions in public services

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fuglsang, Lars; Rønning, Rolf

2015-01-01

to the possibility of intertwined innovation patterns. Focusing public sector services, this paper agues that intertwined innovation patterns emerge within public services as a response to value-tensions. Values can be defined as measures for beneficial behaviour that guide innovation. Value-tensions in public...... services include tensions between the political, economic, communal, aesthetic and intellectual values. The contribution of the paper to service innovation research is the emphasis on the concept of intertwined innovation patterns, such as the intertwinement of science driven and task driven innovation....... Further, the paper contributes by pinpointing how varied values guide innovation in public services....

Wing mechanics, vibrational and acoustic communication in a new bush-cricket species of the genus Copiphora (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Colombia

OpenAIRE

Sarria-S, Fabio; Buxton, Kallum; Jonsson, Thorin; Montealegre-Z, Fernando

2016-01-01

Male bush-crickets produce acoustic signals by wing stridulation to call females. Several species also alternate vibratory signals with acoustic calls for intraspecific communication, a way to reduce risk of detection by eavesdropping predators. Both modes of communication have been documented mostly in neotropical species, for example in the genus Copiphora. In this article, we studied vibratory and acoustic signals and the biophysics of wing resonance in C. vigorosa, a new species from the ...

Tension-induced binding of semiflexible biopolymers

Science.gov (United States)

Benetatos, Panayotis; von der Heydt, Alice; Zippelius, Annette

2015-03-01

We investigate theoretically the effect of polymer tension on the collective behaviour of reversible cross-links. We use a model of two parallel-aligned, weakly-bending wormlike chains with a regularly spaced sequence of binding sites subjected to a tensile force. Reversible cross-links attach and detach at the binding sites with an affinity controlled by a chemical potential. In a mean-field approach, we calculate the free energy of the system and we show the emergence of a free energy barrier which controls the reversible (un)binding. The tension affects the conformational entropy of the chains which competes with the binding energy of the cross-links. This competition gives rise to a sudden increase in the fraction of bound sites as the polymer tension increases. The force-induced first-order transition in the number of cross-links implies a sudden force-induced stiffening of the effective stretching modulus of the polymers. This mechanism may be relevant to the formation and stress-induced strengthening of stress fibers in the cytoskeleton. We acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via grant SFB-937/A1.

Bilateral tension pneumothorax related to acupuncture.

Science.gov (United States)

Tagami, Rumi; Moriya, Takashi; Kinoshita, Kosaku; Tanjoh, Katsuhisa

2013-06-01

We report on a patient with a rare case of bilateral tension pneumothorax that occurred after acupuncture. A 69-year-old large-bodied man, who otherwise had no risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax, presented with chest pressure, cold sweats and shortness of breath. Immediately after bilateral pneumothorax had been identified on a chest radiograph in the emergency room, his blood pressure and percutaneous oxygen saturation suddenly decreased to 78 mm Hg and 86%, respectively. We confirmed deterioration in his cardiopulmonary status and diagnosed bilateral tension pneumothorax. We punctured his chest bilaterally and inserted chest tubes for drainage. His vital signs promptly recovered. After the bilateral puncture and drainage, we learnt that he had been treated with acupuncture on his upper back. We finally diagnosed a bilateral tension pneumothorax based on the symptoms that appeared 8 h after the acupuncture. Because the patient had no risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax, no alternative diagnosis was proposed. We recommend that patients receiving acupuncture around the chest wall must be adequately informed of the possibility of complications and expected symptoms, as a definitive diagnosis can be difficult without complete information.

Tension-induced binding of semiflexible biopolymers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Benetatos, Panayotis; Heydt, Alice von der; Zippelius, Annette

2014-01-01

We investigate theoretically the effect of polymer tension on the collective behavior of reversibly binding cross-links. For this purpose, we employ a model of two weakly bending wormlike chains aligned in parallel by a tensile force, with a sequence of inter-chain binding sites regularly spaced along the contours. Reversible cross-links attach and detach at the sites with an affinity controlled by a chemical potential. In a mean-field approach, we calculate the free energy of the system and find the emergence of a free-energy barrier which controls the reversible (un)binding. The tension affects the conformational entropy of the chains which competes with the binding energy of the cross-links. This competition gives rise to a sudden increase in the fraction of bound sites as the tension increases. We show that this transition is related to the cross-over between weak and strong localization of a directed polymer in a pinning potential. The cross-over to the strongly bound state can be interpreted as a mechanism for force-stiffening which exceeds the capabilities of single-chain elasticity and thus available only to reversibly cross-linked polymers. (paper)

The effects of combined elastic- and free-weight tension vs. free-weight tension on one-repetition maximum strength in the bench press.

Science.gov (United States)

Bellar, David M; Muller, Matthew D; Barkley, Jacob E; Kim, Chul-Ho; Ida, Keisuke; Ryan, Edward J; Bliss, Mathew V; Glickman, Ellen L

2011-02-01

The present study investigated the effects of training combining elastic tension, free weights, and the bench press. Eleven college-aged men (untrained) in the bench press participated in the 13-week study. The participants were first given instructions and then practiced the bench press, followed by a one-repetition maximum (1RM) test of baseline strength. Subjects were then trained in the bench press for 3 weeks to allow for the beginning of neural adaptation. After another 1RM test, participants were assigned to 1 of 2 conditions for the next 3 weeks of training: 85% Free-Weight Tension, 15% Elastic Tension (BAND), or 100% Free-Weight Tension (STAND). After 3 weeks of training and a third 1RM max test, participants switched treatments, under which they completed the final 3 weeks of training and the fourth 1RM test. Analysis via analysis of covariance revealed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) main effect for time and interaction effect for Treatment (BAND vs. STAND). Subsequent analysis via paired-samples t-test revealed the BAND condition was significantly better (p = 0.05) at producing raw gains in 1RM strength. (BAND 9.95 ± 3.7 kg vs. STAND 7.56 ± 2.8 kg). These results suggest that the addition of elastic tension to the bench press may be an effective method of increasing strength.

A Computational Study of Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability with Surface Tension

Science.gov (United States)

Francois, Marianne; Velechovsky, Jan; Jibben, Zach; Masser, Thomas; LANL Collaboration

2017-11-01

We have added the capability to model surface tension in our adaptive mesh refinement compressible flow solver, xRage. Our surface tension capability employs the continuum surface force to model surface tension and the height function method to compute curvatures. We have verified our model implementation for the static and oscillating droplets test cases and the linear regime of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. With this newly added capability, we have performed a numerical study of the effects of surface tension on single-mode and multi-mode Richtmyer-Meshkov instability. This work was performed under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52 - 06NA25396.

Floristics and Reproductive Phenology of Trees and Bushes in Central West Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Assunção, Vivian A; Casagrande, José C; Sartori, Angela L B

2014-04-29

Environmental conditions such as temperature, soil, photoperiodic factors and precipitation can determine the physical environment favoring the occurrence of given species and interfere with the reproductive period of plants. This work involved monthly excursions to a slope in the Serra de Maracaju between December 2009 and November 2010. Samples were collected in eight 25 x 50 m plots, transverse to the slope, totaling 1 ha sampled. Floristic richness included 79 species distributed into 58 genera and 31 families. Floristic Similarity Analysis and Principal Component Analysis showed the occurrence of two plant formations on the slope: seasonal deciduous forest and cerradão on the eutrophic soil of the slope. Flowering and fruiting occured in the rainy season; correlation with rainfall, mean temperature and photoperiod were negative for flowering and positive for fructification. Trees and bushes presented uniform flowering and a moderately seasonal fructification, which is unexpected in seasonal environments. We discuss the implications of the patterns found and make comparisons with others studies.

Penerapan Metode DMAIC dalam Peningkatan Acceptance Rate untuk Ukuran Panjang Produk Bushing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ho Hwi Chie

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Bushing is one of the eminent product of PT Indokarlo Mighty. The company requires some suppliers of iron cutting services to continue providing high qualified raw materials. The quality is the accuracy of the intended length of the products which is able to meet the requirements of the requested length. The purpose of this study is to determine what factors caused the defect on the length of the products. In addition, it is objected to provide appropriate solutions to eliminate to the factors, so that the number of defected products can be reduced. This study uses the methodology of Six Sigma improvement models Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control (DMAIC to make improvements in the quality of services provided by PT Argatama Multi Agung, while the improvement phase uses Design of Experiment (DOE to find the machine configuration that can produce the best quality products. A significant increase in sigma is obtained from the conducted research.

Proceedings of the colloquium: The response of liquids to dynamic tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, A.V.

1978-01-01

The contributed papers are: - Tension pulses in a liquid column; - A generalized cavitationn model for liquids; - Transmission of a tension pulse through water; - Current status of the equation of state in Lagrangian codes; - The effects of the reflection of an underwater shock at a free surface; - The calculation of the propagation of tension and recompaction waves

Spreading of oil films on water in the surface tension regime

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Camp, D.W.

1985-01-01

Surface tension forces will cause an oil to spread over water if the tension of the oil film (the summed surface and interfacial tensions for bulk oil films, or the equilibrium spreading tension for monomolecular films) is less than the surface tension of water. For oil films spreading in a 40 cm long channel, measurements are made of leading edge position and lateral profiles of film thickness, velocity, and tension as a function of time. Measurements of the tension profiles, important for evaluating proposed theories, is made possible by the development of a new technique based on the Wilhelmy method. The oils studied were silicones, fatty acids and alcohols, and mixtures of surfactants in otherwise nonspreading oils. The single-component oils show an acceleration zone connecting a slow-moving inner region with a fast-moving leading monolayer. The dependence of film tension on film thickness for spreading single-component oils often differs from that at equilibrium. The mixtures show a bulk oil film configuration which extends to the leading edge and have velocity profiles which increase smoothly. The theoretical framework, similarity transformation, and asymptotic solutions of Foda and Cox for single-component oils were shown to be valid. An analysis of spreading surfactant-oil mixtures is developed which allows them to be treated under this framework. An easily-used semi-empirical model is proposed which allows them to be treated under this framework. An easily-used semi-empirical model is proposed which allows accurate prediction of detailed spreading behavior for any spreading oil.

Fatigue in tension perpendicular to the grain

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Clorius, Christian Odin; Pedersen, Martin Bo Uhre; Hoffmeyer, Preben

1999-01-01

Traditinally fatigue resistance is quantified as number of cycles to failure at a given stress level. A previous study by the authors showed that fatigue in compression parallel to the grain is governed partly by duration of load and partly by an effect of loading, i.e. a combination of a creep...... mechanism and a mechanism connected to damage introduce in the loading sequences. The purpose of the present study is to disentangle the effect of duration of load from the effect of load oscillation in fatigue in tension perpendicular to the grain. Fatigue experiments are made on small specimens...... and on dowel type joints with slotted in steel plates. In series of ten, the small specimens are taken to fatigue failure in uniform tension at square wave shaped load cycles at 0.01 Hz and 0.1 Hz. In order to test the predictive validity of the result from the small tension specimens, fatigue experiments...

Fatigue In Tension Perpendicular to the Grain

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Clorius, Christian Odin; Pedersen, Martin Uhre; Hoffmeyer, Preben

2004-01-01

Traditionally fatigue resistance is quantified as number of cycles to failure at a given stress level. A previous study by the authors showed that fatigue in compression parallel to the grain is governed partly by duration of load and partly by an effect of loading, i.e. a combination of a creep...... mechanism and a mechanism connected to damage introduced in the loading sequences. The purpose of the present study is to disentangle the effect of duration of load from the effect of load oscillation in fatigue in tension perpendicular to the grain. Fatigue experiments are made on small specimens...... and on dowel type joints with slotted in steel plates. In series of ten, the small specimens are taken to fatigue failure in uniform tension at square wave shaped load cycles at 0.01 Hz and 0.1 Hz. In arder to test the predictive validity of the result from the small tension specimens, fatigue experiments...

Surface tension of normal and heavy water

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Straub, J.; Rosner, N.; Grigull, V.

1980-01-01

A Skeleton Table and simple interpolation equation for the surface tension of light water was developed by the Working Group III of the International Association for the Properties of Steam and is recommended as an International Standard. The Skeleton Table is based on all known measurements of the surface tension and individual data were weighted corresponding to the accuracy of the measurements. The form of the interpolation equation is based on a physical concept. It represents an extension of van der Waals-equation, where the exponent conforms to the 'Scaling Laws'. In addition for application purposes simple relations for the Laplace-coefficient and for the density difference between the liquid and gaseous phases of light water are given. The same form of interpolation equation for the surface tension can be used for heavy water, for which the coefficients are given. However, this equation is based only on a single set of data. (orig.) [de

Modeling combined tension-shear failure of ductile materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Partom, Y

2014-01-01

Failure of ductile materials is usually expressed in terms of effective plastic strain. Ductile materials can fail by two different failure modes, shear failure and tensile failure. Under dynamic loading shear failure has to do with shear localization and formation of adiabatic shear bands. In these bands plastic strain rate is very high, dissipative heating is extensive, and shear strength is lost. Shear localization starts at a certain value of effective plastic strain, when thermal softening overcomes strain hardening. Shear failure is therefore represented in terms of effective plastic strain. On the other hand, tensile failure comes about by void growth under tension. For voids in a tension field there is a threshold state of the remote field for which voids grow spontaneously (cavitation), and the material there fails. Cavitation depends on the remote field stress components and on the flow stress. In this way failure in tension is related to shear strength and to failure in shear. Here we first evaluate the cavitation threshold for different remote field situations, using 2D numerical simulations with a hydro code. We then use the results to compute examples of rate dependent tension-shear failure of a ductile material.

Curvature dependence of the electrolytic liquid-liquid interfacial tension

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bier, Markus; de Graaf, J.; Zwanikken, J.W.; van Roij, R.H.H.G.

2009-01-01

The interfacial tension of a liquid droplet surrounded by another liquid in the presence of microscopic ions is studied as a function of the droplet radius. An analytical expression for the interfacial tension is obtained within a linear Poisson–Boltzmann theory and compared with numerical results

Indirect coupling of phosphate release to de novo tension generation during muscle contraction.

Science.gov (United States)

Davis, J S; Rodgers, M E

1995-01-01

A key question in muscle contraction is how tension generation is coupled to the chemistry of the actomyosin ATPase. Biochemical and mechanochemical experiments link tension generation to a change in structure associated with phosphate release. Length-jump and temperature-jump experiments, on the other hand, implicate phase 2slow, a significantly faster, markedly strain-sensitive kinetic process in tension generation. We use a laser temperature jump to probe the kinetics and mechanism of tension generation in skinned rabbit psoas fibers--an appropriate method since both phosphate release and phase 2slow are readily perturbed by temperature. Kinetics characteristic of the structural change associated with phosphate release are observed only when phosphate is added to fibers. When present, it causes a reduction in fiber tension; otherwise, no force is generated when it is perturbed. We therefore exclude this step from tension generation. The kinetics of de novo tension generation by the temperature-jump equivalent of phase 2slow appear unaffected by phosphate binding. We therefore propose that phosphate release is indirectly coupled to de novo tension generation via a steady-state flux through an irreversible step. We conclude that tension generation occurs in the absence of chemical change as the result of an entropy-driven transition between strongly bound crossbridges in the actomyosin-ADP state. The mechanism resembles the operation of a clock, with phosphate release providing the energy to tension the spring, and the irreversible step functions as the escapement mechanism, which is followed in turn by tension generation as the movement of the hands. Images Fig. 6 PMID:7479824

Methodology for the analysis of self-tensioned wooden structural floors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Suárez-Riestra

2017-09-01

Full Text Available It is described a self-tensioning system constituted by a force multiplying device which, attached to the supports of the ends of the structural element, is able to convert the vertical resultant from the gravitatonial actions into an effective tensioning action, through the movement that was induced by a set of rods. The self-tensioning system is able to offer a high performance, thanks to the beneficial effect of the opposite deflection generated by the tensioning, in proportion to the increasing of the gravitational action. This allows to design long-span timber ribbed floors using reduced depths. The complexity of calculation due to the non-linearity of the system can be obviated with the methodology of analysis developed in the article. In order to illustrate the advantages of the self-tensioning system and the methodology of analysis which were developed, six cases of ribbed floors have been analysed, with spans of 9, 12 and 15 m and variable using loads of 3,00 kN/m2 and 5,00 kN/m2.

Constraining brane tension using rotation curves of galaxies

Science.gov (United States)

García-Aspeitia, Miguel A.; Rodríguez-Meza, Mario A.

2018-04-01

We present in this work a study of brane theory phenomenology focusing on the brane tension parameter, which is the main observable of the theory. We show the modifications steaming from the presence of branes in the rotation curves of spiral galaxies for three well known dark matter density profiles: Pseudo isothermal, Navarro-Frenk-White and Burkert dark matter density profiles. We estimate the brane tension parameter using a sample of high resolution observed rotation curves of low surface brightness spiral galaxies and a synthetic rotation curve for the three density profiles. Also, the fittings using the brane theory model of the rotation curves are compared with standard Newtonian models. We found that Navarro-Frenk-White model prefers lower values of the brane tension parameter, on the average λ ∼ 0.73 × 10‑3eV4, therefore showing clear brane effects. Burkert case does prefer higher values of the tension parameter, on the average λ ∼ 0.93 eV4 ‑ 46 eV4, i.e., negligible brane effects. Whereas pseudo isothermal is an intermediate case. Due to the low densities found in the galactic medium it is almost impossible to find evidence of the presence of extra dimensions. In this context, we found that our results show weaker bounds to the brane tension values in comparison with other bounds found previously, as the lower value found for dwarf stars composed of a polytropic equation of state, λ ≈ 104 MeV4.

Aislador tipo bushing de fabricación nacional para transformadores de 15 kV

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Ramón González Guevara

2011-02-01

Full Text Available El objetivo fundamental del trabajo es la fabricación, validación técnica en condiciones de laboratorio ypuesta en operación del aislador tipo bushing para transformadores de 15 kV fabricado con materia primanacional. La metodología de trabajo se basa en la selección de los perfiles de aisladores de acuerdo conlos criterios establecidos por el cliente, fabricación de probetas de material cerámico y prototipos deaisladores, comprobación de su competencia técnica mediante la realización de ensayos de laboratorio,procesamiento estadístico de los resultados y su evaluación en condiciones de operación. Lasconsideraciones económicas demuestran que es posible obtener un efecto económico del orden de los32 000,00 USD, teniendo como soporte de cálculo la producción de transformadores planificada para elpróximo año. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos, hasta estos momentos, relativos a los ensayoseléctricos de la primera serie de prototipos y las recomendaciones para la realización de trabajos futuros  The fundamental objective of the work is the fabrication, technical validity in the laboratory conditions andputting into operation of the bushing type insulator for 15 kV transformers manufactured with national rawmaterial.The work methodology is supported in the selection of the insulator profiles taking into accountthe establish criteria by the costumer, fabrication of ceramic material test piece and insulator prototypes,verification of its technical competence by means of carrying out of laboratory tests, statistical processingof the results and its evaluation in operation conditions. The economic considerations demonstrate that ispossible obtain an economic effect in the order of 32 000, 00 USD, taking as calculus support the transformersplaned production for the next year. The obtained results, so far, are presented, relative to the electricaltest of the first series of the prototypes and the recommendations for performing

Managing Tensions Between New and Existing Business Models

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sund, Kristian J.; Bogers, Marcel; Villarroel Fernandez, Juan Andrei

2016-01-01

Exploring new business models may be a good way to stay competitive, but doing so can create tensions internally, in areas such as organizational structure and competition for resources. Companies exploring business model innovation may not recognize the inevitability of these tensions and thus b...... be poorly prepared to manage them. But understanding these issues may lessen some of the organizational challenges associated with business model innovation....

Contact angle control of sessile drops on a tensioned web

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Janghoon; Kim, Dongguk; Lee, Changwoo

2018-04-01

In this study, the influence of the change of tension applied to flexible and thin web substrate on the contact angle of sessile drop in roll-to-roll system was investigated. Graphene oxide and deionized water solutions were used in the experiments. Tension was changed to 29, 49, and 69 N, and the casting distance of the micropipette and the material was set to 10, 20, and 40 mm, and the droplet volume was set to 10, 20, and 30 μL, respectively. Statistical analysis of three variables and analysis of the variance methodology showed that the casting distance was most significant for the contact angle change, and the most interesting tension variable was also affected. The change in tension caused the maximum contact angle to change by 5.5°. The tension was not uniform in the width direction. When the droplet was applied in the same direction in the width direction, it was confirmed that the tension unevenness had great influence on the contact angle up to 11°. Finally, the casting distance, which has a large effect on the contact angle, was calibrated in the width direction to reduce the width direction contact angle deviation to 1%. This study can be applied to fine patterning research using continuous inkjet printing and aerosol jet printing, which are roll-to-roll processes based on droplet handling.

Las paradojas como herramientas para la construcción de una teoría general de la educación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

McAnally Salas, Lewis

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Se discute la ventaja de utilizar las tensiones, oposiciones y contradicciones provocadas por la confrontación de teorías opuestas para construir teorías. Así mismo, se describen las características necesariaspara conformar una Teoría general de la educación y cómo de manera natural surgen las paradojas. La búsqueda de coherencia de una teoría general que involucra varias teorías particulares necesita resolver las que emergen, para lo cual se pueden utilizar cuatro aproximaciones: a mediante la oposición, aceptando la paradoja y utilizándola constructivamente, b la separación espacial, clarificando los niveles de análisis, c la separación temporal, tomando el tiempo en consideración, y c la síntesis, introduciendo términos nuevos que permitan resolver la paradoja. Una teoría de la educación consistente permite orientar, tanto las prácticas educativas de profesores como de administradores de instituciones de educación.Abstract: Advantage using natural tensions, oppositions and contradictions caused by the confrontation of opposed theories to construct theories, are discussed. Basic characteristics to conform a General Theory of Education are described and how naturally paradoxes arise. Searching for coherence of a General Theory of Education involves several other theories that need to resolve their paradoxes. Four approaches can be used: a accept the paradox and use it constructively; b clarify levels of analysis; c temporally separate the two levels; d introduce new terms to solve the paradox. A consistent General Theory of Education allows orienting, the educative practices of professors and administrators alike in educational institutions.

Corrosion characteristics of post-tensioning strands in ungrouted ducts : summary.

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-01

To prevent corrosion of post-tensioning strands, FDOT construction specifications currently require post-tensioning ducts to be grouted within seven calendar days of strand installation. This period challenges construction schedules on large projects...

Measurement of calcium influx in tethered rings of rabbit aorta under tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gleason, M.M.; Ratz, P.H.; Flaim, S.F.

1985-01-01

Calcium (Ca) influx in vascular smooth muscle is routinely measured in untethered preparations not under passive stretch, and Ca influx data are correlated with data for steady-state isometric tension obtained under parallel conditions from tethered preparations under passive stretch. The validity of this method was tested by simultaneous measurement of Ca influx and tension in tethered rings of rabbit thoracic aorta. Ca influx ( 45 Ca 3-min pulse) and tension were measured at 3 and 30 min after norepinephrine (NE) or KCl and under control (no agonist) conditions. Active tension was significantly altered by variations in passive tension. Ca influx was unaffected by passive tension under control, NE, or KCl conditions, and results were similar at 3 and 30 min. The results confirm the validity of correlating Ca influx data from untethered rings with steady-state contractile response data obtained from tethered rings under similar experimental conditions

Phenylephrine Decreases Vascular Tension in Goat Arteries in Specific Circumstances.

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Renu R Raj

Full Text Available Phenylephrine (PE causes vasoconstriction through alpha adrenergic receptors. PE-induced vasodilatation has also been reported earlier in pre-constricted vessels. Here we demonstrate in spiral strips of goat arteries that addition of PE can decrease tone even from base-line levels (i.e. not pre-constricted and show that this process requires nitric oxide (NO and alpha adrenergic stimulation, but is cGMP-independent. Under control conditions, PE caused vasoconstriction, but under conditions where NO levels are higher, as with L-Arginine or sodium nitroprusside, PE decreased vessel tension. L-Arginine/PE combination was not able to decrease tension when alpha adrenoceptors were blocked with Phentolamine or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS was blocked with Nω-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA. Propranolol, a beta blocker, was unable to prevent the reduction in tension by the L-Arginine/PE combination. Adrenaline and noradrenaline (and not isoproterenol also reduced vessel tension in the presence of L-Arginine. Even when NO levels were not enhanced, relieving NO from having to stimulate the enzyme soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC (either by using sGC blockers, namely ODQ or methylene blue, or by enhancing cGMP levels (with sildenafil which by negative feedback probably inhibits sGC led to PE-induced reduction of vascular tension. PMA-phorbol myristate acetate-an agonist which stimulates Protein Kinase C was able to prevent the ability of PE to reduce vascular tension in a high NO environment. Our conclusion is that PE reduces vascular tension through alpha adrenoceptors if there is excess NO availability to activate a putative pathway. Though the reduction of vessel tone by PE is dependent on NO, it is independent of cGMP. Prior treatment with PMA or PE itself can prevent further PE-induced reduction of tension in a high NO environment. The results here suggest, counter-intuitively, that alpha blockers may be of help in the treatment of septic shock

A microfluidic cell culture array with various oxygen tensions.

Science.gov (United States)

Peng, Chien-Chung; Liao, Wei-Hao; Chen, Ying-Hua; Wu, Chueh-Yu; Tung, Yi-Chung

2013-08-21

Oxygen tension plays an important role in regulating various cellular functions in both normal physiology and disease states. Therefore, drug testing using conventional in vitro cell models under normoxia often possesses limited prediction capability. A traditional method of setting an oxygen tension in a liquid medium is by saturating it with a gas mixture at the desired level of oxygen, which requires bulky gas cylinders, sophisticated control, and tedious interconnections. Moreover, only a single oxygen tension can be tested at the same time. In this paper, we develop a microfluidic cell culture array platform capable of performing cell culture and drug testing under various oxygen tensions simultaneously. The device is fabricated using an elastomeric material, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the well-developed multi-layer soft lithography (MSL) technique. The prototype device has 4 × 4 wells, arranged in the same dimensions as a conventional 96-well plate, for cell culture. The oxygen tensions are controlled by spatially confined oxygen scavenging chemical reactions underneath the wells using microfluidics. The platform takes advantage of microfluidic phenomena while exhibiting the combinatorial diversities achieved by microarrays. Importantly, the platform is compatible with existing cell incubators and high-throughput instruments (liquid handling systems and plate readers) for cost-effective setup and straightforward operation. Utilizing the developed platform, we successfully perform drug testing using an anti-cancer drug, triapazamine (TPZ), on adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell line (A549) under three oxygen tensions ranging from 1.4% to normoxia. The developed platform is promising to provide a more meaningful in vitro cell model for various biomedical applications while maintaining desired high throughput capabilities.

String tensions for lattice gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ambjoern, J.; Hey, A.J.G.; Otto, S.

1982-01-01

Compact U(1) and SU(2) lattice gauge theories in 3 euclidean dimensions are studied by standard Monte Carlo techniques. The question of extracting reliable string tensions from these theories is examined in detail, including a comparison of the Monte Carlo Wilson loop data with weak coupling predictions and a careful error analysis: our conclusions are rather different from those of previous investigations of these theories. In the case of U(1) theory, we find that only a tiny range of β values can possibly be relevant for extracting a string tension and we are unable to convincingly demonstrate the expected exponential dependence of the string tension on β. For the SU(2) theory we are able to determine, albeit with rather large errors, a string tension from a study of Wilson loops. (orig.)

Creating Tension in Writing.

Science.gov (United States)

Folta, Bernarr

This paper discusses the rationale and teaching methods for a six-week unit, for a high school freshman English Class, on perception, semantics, and writing, which places special focus on developing tension in student writing. The first four objectives of the course focus on perception and the next two focus on semantics. The seventh…

Surface tension modelling of liquid Cd-Sn-Zn alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Fima, Przemyslaw; Novakovic, Rada

2018-06-01

The thermodynamic model in conjunction with Butler equation and the geometric models were used for the surface tension calculation of Cd-Sn-Zn liquid alloys. Good agreement was found between the experimental data for limiting binaries and model calculations performed with Butler model. In the case of ternary alloys, the surface tension variation with Cd content is better reproduced in the case of alloys lying on vertical sections defined by high Sn to Zn molar fraction ratio. The calculated surface tension is in relatively good agreement with the available experimental data. In addition, the surface segregation of liquid ternary Cd-Sn-Zn and constituent binaries has also been calculated.

On the Minimum Cable Tensions for the Cable-Based Parallel Robots

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Peng Liu

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates the minimum cable tension distributions in the workspace for cable-based parallel robots to find out more information on the stability. First, the kinematic model of a cable-based parallel robot is derived based on the wrench matrix. Then, a noniterative polynomial-based optimization algorithm with the proper optimal objective function is presented based on the convex optimization theory, in which the minimum cable tension at any pose is determined. Additionally, three performance indices are proposed to show the distributions of the minimum cable tensions in a specified region of the workspace. An important thing is that the three performance indices can be used to evaluate the stability of the cable-based parallel robots. Furthermore, a new workspace, the Specified Minimum Cable Tension Workspace (SMCTW, is introduced, within which all the minimum tensions exceed a specified value, therefore meeting the specified stability requirement. Finally, a camera robot parallel driven by four cables for aerial panoramic photographing is selected to illustrate the distributions of the minimum cable tensions in the workspace and the relationship between the three performance indices and the stability.

The Bush/Cheney Energy Strategy: Implications for U.S. Foreign and Military Policy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Klare, Michael T. [Hampshire College, Amherst, MA (United States). Peace and World Security Studies

2003-07-01

The 'National Energy Policy' (NEP) released by the Bush Administration on May 17, 2001 was supposedly intended to meet growing U.S. energy requirements in the first two decades of the 21st Century while also diminishing U.S. dependence on imported oil. This was to be accomplished, the White House suggested, by increasing production at existing oil fields in the United States and by commencing drilling on the Artic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) in Alaska. So great was the furor over drilling on ANWR that most people never bothered to examine the NEP closely. This is unfortunate, as a close reading of the NEP report reveals a very different picture than that suggested by White House pronouncements: far from promoting energy 'independence', the NEP assumes that the United States will become MORE, not less dependent on imported petroleum in the years ahead and therefore calls on the Federal Government to take whatever steps are necessary to promote enhanced U.S. access to foreign oil. In particular, the NEP calls on the U.S. Government to seek additional petroleum from the Persian Gulf area, Russia, the Caspian Sea basin, Mexico, Venezuela, Angola, and Nigeria. As is implied by the report, the United States must acquire more oil from these countries in order to permit increased oil consumption in the United States at a time of declining domestic production. Even leaving aside the question of whether these countries will be able to boost their production sufficiently to satisfy steadily rising demand in the United States, this strategy poses enormous challenges for the United States because most of these areas are highly unstable and house anti-American governments and forces. It is likely, then, that U.S. efforts to acquire more oil from these countries will entail the increased presence of U.S. military forces in the area and periodic U.S. military intervention. Indeed, the requirement for increased military action in support of U.S. foreign

Feminismos y prostitución en Brasil: una lectura a partir de la antropología feminista

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Adriana Piscitelli

2012-12-01

Full Text Available En este texto exploro las posibilidades da la antropología feminista para reflexionar sobre uno de los principales puntos de tensión en el debate feminista contemporáneo. Basándome en una investigación sobre la relación entre feminismos y la discusión sobre prostitución y trata de personas en Brasil, analizo esas tensiones considerando las posiciones asumidas por el movimiento feminista y el lugar que él ha ocupado en las discusiones y acciones destinadas a esa problemática en ese país. Realizo ese análisis teniendo en cuenta las nociones relacionadas con la prostitución y con la trata en la historia reciente del feminismo brasileño, situándolas en el ámbito de las relaciones entre el Estado y el movimiento feminista y considerando las configuraciones de ambos en una lectura transnacional.

Local deformation method for measuring element tension in space deployable structures

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Belov Sergey

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The article describes the local deformation method to determine the tension of cord and thin membrane elements in space deployable structure as antenna reflector. Possible measuring instrument model, analytical and numerical solutions and experimental results are presented. The boundary effects on measurement results of metallic mesh reflector surface tension are estimated. The study case depicting non-uniform reflector surface tension is considered.

"If you don't believe it, it won't help you": use of bush medicine in treating cancer among Aboriginal people in Western Australia

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Bessarab Dawn

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Little is known about the use of bush medicine and traditional healing among Aboriginal Australians for their treatment of cancer and the meanings attached to it. A qualitative study that explored Aboriginal Australians' perspectives and experiences of cancer and cancer services in Western Australia provided an opportunity to analyse the contemporary meanings attached and use of bush medicine by Aboriginal people with cancer in Western Australia Methods Data collection occurred in Perth, both rural and remote areas and included individual in-depth interviews, observations and field notes. Of the thirty-seven interviews with Aboriginal cancer patients, family members of people who died from cancer and some Aboriginal health care providers, 11 participants whose responses included substantial mention on the issue of bush medicine and traditional healing were selected for the analysis for this paper. Results The study findings have shown that as part of their healing some Aboriginal Australians use traditional medicine for treating their cancer. Such healing processes and medicines were preferred by some because it helped reconnect them with their heritage, land, culture and the spirits of their ancestors, bringing peace of mind during their illness. Spiritual beliefs and holistic health approaches and practices play an important role in the treatment choices for some patients. Conclusions Service providers need to acknowledge and understand the existence of Aboriginal knowledge (epistemology and accept that traditional healing can be an important addition to an Aboriginal person's healing complementing Western medical treatment regimes. Allowing and supporting traditional approaches to treatment reflects a commitment by modern medical services to adopting an Aboriginal-friendly approach that is not only culturally appropriate but assists with the cultural security of the service.

Vulnerabilidad suicida en localidades rurales de Chiapas: una aproximación etnográfica

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Gracia Imberton Deneke

2014-07-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se examina la dimensión social de la muerte autoinflingida en las localidades Río Grande y Cantioc del estado de Chiapas, México, y propongo una aproximación etnográfica para su análisis. Consciente de las dificultades metodológicas que entraña la construcción tanto de los datos empíricos del suicidio como de sus explicaciones causales, planteo que un acercamiento al contexto histórico del espacio social en cuestión y a las condiciones de vida actuales de la población permite derivar algunas correlaciones entre posiciones sociales, tensiones y conflictos, y vulnerabilidad suicida.

D1.\tos piezas que surgieron como una, o de una peculiar captura de inspiraciones musicales: recuento de un inusual proceso creativo

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Johann Hasler

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Este escrito da cuenta del proceso de investigación-creación que supuso la obra “dos piezaspara clarinete y para piano”, compuestas durante el curso de composición avanzada delDartington International Summer School (Devon, Inglaterra en julio de 2004 (Con financiacióncompleta para el compositor por parte de la Fundación Hinrichsen para la promoción dela música http://www.hinrichsenfoundation.org.uk/, último acceso el 19 de enero de 2012. Lapeculiaridad de esta obra radica en que al compositor le queda la duda, aún años después desu composición y estreno, de si se trata de una obra para dos instrumentos o dos obras parainstrumento solo que pueden tocarse simultáneamente. Es decir, el compositor no tiene lacerteza de si son dos obras o una sola: su idea y su “inspiración” sobre la obra le indican unidad(se le ocurrieron simultáneamente, pero su análisis y deconstrucción formal indican que setrata de dos piezas separadas. Surgen así interesantes tensiones entre teoría y práctica, entreentender la composición como construcción o como inspiración, entre el trabajo creativo mentaly el intuitivo, la percepción inmediata y los trasfondos, las diferencias entre el origen y el destinoo presentación de las obras, etc.

33 CFR 147.817 - Sir Douglas Morpeth Tension Leg Platform safety zone.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sir Douglas Morpeth Tension Leg... HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ACTIVITIES SAFETY ZONES § 147.817 Sir Douglas Morpeth Tension Leg Platform safety zone. (a) Description. The Sir Douglas Morpeth Tension Leg Platform (Morpeth...

Ethical tensions: A qualitative systematic review of new graduate perceptions.

Science.gov (United States)

Hazelwood, Tori; Murray, Carolyn M; Baker, Amy; Stanley, Mandy

2017-01-01

New graduate transition into the workforce is challenging and can involve managing ethical tensions. Ethical tensions cause new graduates to doubt their capabilities due to their lack of experience. To support new graduates, we need to know what these ethical tensions are. To explore the ethical tensions perceived to occur in practice for new graduate health professionals. This qualitative systematic review involved a search of five databases (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL and Scopus) which resulted in the retrieval of 3554 papers. After the two-phased screening process, eight studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria and had rich data on the review question. Articles were read several times, critically appraised and analysed through thematic analysis. Ethical considerations: No ethical approval was required for the systematic review. The review was conducted following well-established reporting guidelines enabling transparency and rigour. Studies originated from Australia, United States, Iran and China. One study included speech pathologists and seven were with nurses. Four themes included the following: (1) enduring an unknown workplace culture that generates uncertainty without support for new graduates; (2) being vulnerable because of distress from bullying, exclusion and being a scapegoat; (3) constraining systems and institutional restrictions that cause dilemmas; and (4) experiencing disillusionment from lost ideals about ethical practice. This review has brought to light the vulnerability of new graduates to negative workplace culture and collegial incivility. In addition, new graduates are subjected to ethical tensions created by institutional constraints which can create dilemmas and uncertainties through practice that does not align with what they anticipated. Understanding ethical tensions experienced by new graduates enables provision of informed support. There needs to be considerable cultural change for orientation and socialisation of

The Seven Deadly Tensions of Health-Related Human Information Behavior

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J. David Johnson

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Tensions are a ubiquitous feature of social life and are manifested in a number of particular forms: contradictory logics, competing demands, clashes of ideas, contradictions, dialectics, irony, paradoxes, and/or dilemmas. This essay aims to explore in detail tensions surrounding seven common findings of the information seeking literature relating to: interpersonal communication, accessibility, level of skill, individual preferences, psychological limits, inertia, and costs. Our incomplete understanding of these tensions can lead us to suggest resolutions that do not recognize their underlying dualities. Human information behavior stands at the intersection of many important theoretical and policy issues (e.g., personalized medicine. Policy makers need to be more attuned to these basic tensions of information seeking recognizing the real human limits they represent to informing the public. So, even if you build a great information system, people will not necessarily use it because of the force of these underlying tensions. While rationality rules systems, irrationality rules people. The proliferation of navigator roles over the last several years is actually a hopeful sign: recognition that people need a human interface to inform them about our ever more complex health care systems.

Evaluation of tension stiffening effect on the crack width calculation of flexural RC members

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Said M. Allam

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Building codes consider the tension stiffening when calculating the crack width of the flexural members. A simple analytical procedure is proposed for the determination of forces, stresses and strains acting on a reinforced concrete section subjected to flexure considering the concrete contribution in tension up to tensile concrete strain corresponding to the cracking strength of concrete. This analytical method gives the minimum value (lower bound of tension stiffening. Also, a commercial Finite Element Program (ABAQUS 2007 was used to perform non-linear analysis in order to evaluate the total contribution of the tensioned concrete in carrying loads which may be considered as the upper bound of tension stiffening. In addition, a comparison is carried out among the different codes using four reinforced concrete rectangular models to compare and evaluate the tension stiffening with proposed analytical lower bound tension stiffening and upper bound as obtained by ABAQUS. The models include different percentages of flexural steel ratio. The comparison revealed that the codes’ equations always consider tension stiffening lying between lower and upper bound of tension stiffening proposed in this study. Also, the study showed that the tension stiffening decreases with the increase of the percentage of the flexural reinforcement ratio.

Contact Angles and Surface Tension of Germanium-Silicon Melts

Science.gov (United States)

Croell, A.; Kaiser, N.; Cobb, S.; Szofran, F. R.; Volz, M.; Rose, M. Franklin (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

Precise knowledge of material parameters is more and more important for improving crystal growth processes. Two important parameters are the contact (wetting) angle and the surface tension, determining meniscus shapes and surface-tension driven flows in a variety of methods (Czochralski, EFG, floating-zone, detached Bridgman growth). The sessile drop technique allows the measurement of both parameters simultaneously and has been used to measure the contact angles and the surface tension of Ge(1-x)Si(x) (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1.3) alloys on various substrate materials. Fused quartz, Sapphire, glassy carbon, graphite, SiC, carbon-based aerogel, pyrolytic boron nitride (pBN), AIN, Si3N4, and polycrystalline CVD diamond were used as substrate materials. In addition, the effect of different cleaning procedures and surface treatments on the wetting behavior were investigated. Measurements were performed both under dynamic vacuum and gas atmospheres (argon or forming gas), with temperatures up to 1100 C. In some experiments, the sample was processed for longer times, up to a week, to investigate any changes of the contact angle and/or surface tension due to slow reactions with the substrate. For pure Ge, stable contact angles were found for carbon-based substrates and for pBN, for Ge(1-x)Si(x) only for pBN. The highest wetting angles were found for pBN substrates with angles around 170deg. For the surface tension of Ge, the most reliable values resulted in gamma(T) = (591- 0.077 (T-T(sub m)) 10(exp -3)N/m. The temperature dependence of the surface tension showed similar values for Ge(1-x)Si(x), around -0.08 x 10(exp -3)N/m K, and a compositional dependence of 2.2 x 10(exp -3)N/m at%Si.

Tensions within Teaching: An Autoethnography of an American Teacher

Science.gov (United States)

Tuura, Brianne Marie

2012-01-01

This dissertation examines the personal transformation of an American teacher as she becomes aware of the social, political, and economic tensions that exist within the American school system and the affects these tensions have on her ability to teach. As the researcher becomes more aware of power structures surrounding her, the reader is enabled…

An Investigation of Corrosion Mitigation Strategies for Aging Post-Tensioned Cables

Science.gov (United States)

2017-01-01

for Aging Post- Tensioned Cables Ernest L. Miller, Barry C. White, Richard W. Haskins, Robert M. Ebeling, and James A. Evans Information Technology...approach walls) using post- tensioning (PT) seven-wire strand cables is a common approach. In the Portland District, for example, 10% of the projects...hydraulic structures by post- tensioned ground anchorage, appreciable loss of capacity in seven-wire strand cables due to corrosion is a reason for concern

An Investigation of Corrosion Mitigation Strategies for Aging Post Tensioned Cables

Science.gov (United States)

2017-01-01

for Aging Post- Tensioned Cables Ernest L. Miller, Barry C. White, Richard W. Haskins, Robert M. Ebeling, and James A. Evans Information Technology...approach walls) using post- tensioning (PT) seven-wire strand cables is a common approach. In the Portland District, for example, 10% of the projects...hydraulic structures by post- tensioned ground anchorage, appreciable loss of capacity in seven-wire strand cables due to corrosion is a reason for concern

Anterior cruciate ligament graft tensioning. Is the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique reproducible?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hirpara Kieran M

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Tensioning of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL reconstruction grafts affects the clinical outcome of the procedure. As yet, no consensus has been reached regarding the optimum initial tension in an ACL graft. Most surgeons rely on the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique for graft tension. We aim to determine if this technique is reproducible from patient to patient. Findings We created a device to simulate ACL reconstruction surgery using Ilizarov components and porcine flexor tendons. Six experienced ACL reconstruction surgeons volunteered to tension porcine grafts using the device to see if they could produce a consistent tension. None of the surgeons involved were able to accurately reproduce graft tension over a series of repeat trials. Conclusions We conclude that the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique of ACL graft tensioning is not reproducible from trial to trial. We also conclude that the initial tension placed on an ACL graft varies from surgeon to surgeon.

Anterior cruciate ligament graft tensioning. Is the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique reproducible?

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

O'Neill, Barry J

2011-07-20

Abstract Background Tensioning of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction grafts affects the clinical outcome of the procedure. As yet, no consensus has been reached regarding the optimum initial tension in an ACL graft. Most surgeons rely on the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique for graft tension. We aim to determine if this technique is reproducible from patient to patient. Findings We created a device to simulate ACL reconstruction surgery using Ilizarov components and porcine flexor tendons. Six experienced ACL reconstruction surgeons volunteered to tension porcine grafts using the device to see if they could produce a consistent tension. None of the surgeons involved were able to accurately reproduce graft tension over a series of repeat trials. Conclusions We conclude that the maximal sustained one-handed pull technique of ACL graft tensioning is not reproducible from trial to trial. We also conclude that the initial tension placed on an ACL graft varies from surgeon to surgeon.

Stress measurement and bolt tensioning by ultrasonic methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, J.F.; Greiner, J.D.

1980-01-01

In the past decade, a new technique has been developed for measuring tensile stresses in solids. This ultrasonic technique has been used thus far primarily for measuring fastener tension. The precision of measurement is routinely to 2-3% and, with special care, to approx. 1%. The method is insensitive to the frictional losses which plague tensioning by torque wrench. Though the approach is relatively new, it promises a wide range of applicability

Stress Measurement and Bolt Tensioning by Ultrasonic Methods

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, J. F.; Greiner, John D.

1980-07-01

In the past decade, a new technique has been developed for measuring tensile stresses in solids. This ultrasonic technique has been used thus far primarily for measuring fastener tension. The precision of measurement is routinely to 2-3% and, with special care, to ˜1%. The method is insensitive to the frictional losses which plague tensioning by torque wrench. Though the approach is relatively new, it promises a wide range of applicability.

Prediction of surface tension of binary mixtures with the parachor method

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Němec Tomáš

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The parachor method for the estimation of the surface tension of binary mixtures is modified by considering temperature-dependent values of the parachor parameters. The temperature dependence is calculated by a least-squares fit of pure-solvent surface tension data to the binary parachor equation utilizing the Peng-Robinson equation of state for the calculation of equilibrium densities. A very good agreement between experimental binary surface tension data and the predictions of the modified parachor method are found for the case of the mixtures of carbon dioxide and butane, benzene, and cyclohexane, respectively. The surface tension is also predicted for three refrigerant mixtures, i.e. propane, isobutane, and chlorodifluoromethane, with carbon dioxide.

Evolución de la distribución de tensiones en un cuerpo cerámico durante la cocción. Parte 1: Planteamiento de los problemas

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Camacho, H.

2003-10-01

Full Text Available The study of stress profiles during ceramic firing is the main purpose of the present work. The characteristic problem for a variety of firing conditions, including hot pressing and traditional firing, is stated where the stress equilibrium is considered. In addition, several constitutive behaviors are taken into account. They are the Riedel model for polycrystals, the Scherer cell model for amorphous and the Kahn model for The Power Law Creep.

El estudio de las tensiones durante la cocción de piezas cerámicas es el principal objetivo de este trabajo. Para distintas condiciones de cocido que incluyen el prensado en caliente y la cocción tradicional se plantea un problema de equilibrio de tensiones. Además, se tienen en cuenta varios comportamientos constitutivos que incluyen el Modelo de Riedel para policristales, el Modelo de Celdas de Scherer para amorfos y el modelo de Kahn para fluencia según una ley de potencia.

Transitional Failure of Carbon Nanotube Systems under a Combination of Tension and Torsion

OpenAIRE

Jeong, Byeong-Woo

2012-01-01

Transitional failure envelopes of single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes under combined tension-torsion are predicted using classical molecular dynamics simulations. The observations reveal that while the tensile failure load decreases with combined torsion, the torsional buckling moment increases with combined tension. As a result, the failure envelopes under combined tension-torsion are definitely different from those under pure tension or torsion. In such combined loading, there is a m...

Carbonic anhydrase inhibition increases retinal oxygen tension and dilates retinal vessels

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Daniella Bach; Koch Jensen, Peter; la Cour, Morten

2005-01-01

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) increase blood flow in the brain and probably also in the optic nerve and retina. Additionally they elevate the oxygen tension in the optic nerve in the pig. We propose that they also raise the oxygen tension in the retina. We studied the oxygen tension in the...... in the pig retina and optic nerve before and after dorzolamide injection. Also the retinal vessel diameters during carbonic anhydrase inhibition were studied....

Caregiving, perceptions of maternal favoritism, and tension among siblings.

Science.gov (United States)

Suitor, J Jill; Gilligan, Megan; Johnson, Kaitlin; Pillemer, Karl

2014-08-01

Studies of later-life families have revealed that sibling tension often increases in response to parents' need for care. Both theory and research on within-family differences suggest that when parents' health declines, sibling relations may be affected by which children assume care and whether siblings perceive that the parent favors some offspring over others. In the present study, we explore the ways in which these factors shape sibling tension both independently and in combination during caregiving. In this article, we use data collected from 450 adult children nested within 214 later-life families in which the offspring reported that their mothers needed care within 2 years prior to the interview. Multilevel analyses demonstrated that providing care and perceiving favoritism regarding future caregiving were associated with sibling tension following mothers' major health events. Further, the effects of caregiving on sibling tension were greater when perceptions of favoritism were also present. These findings shed new light on the conditions under which adult children are likely to experience high levels of sibling tension during caregiving. Understanding these processes is important because siblings are typically the individuals to whom caregivers are most likely to turn for support when assuming care of older parents, yet these relationships are often a major source of interpersonal stress. © The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Corrosion characteristics of unprotected post-tensioning strands under stress : [summary].

Science.gov (United States)

2014-05-01

Post tensioned concrete is used in many Florida : transportation structures, many of which are : exposed to fresh or salt water. The steel strands : that supply the tension are encased in a plastic : duct which is later filled with grout, so the stra...

Tensiones de contacto por el método de elementos finitos del acero AISI 1045 endurecido por rodillo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernández-Columbié, T.

2012-02-01

Full Text Available In this paper, the tense-deformational behavior is analyzed by means of simulation using the finite element method for AISI 1045 cold rolled deformed steel. ANYSYS V.10 software was used in this study. Revolution number, compressive strength and tool feed rate were the variables considered in the deformation process. They allowed determining the contact stress of the deformed material. The material used was 30 mm diameter and 100 mm length. Samples of 30 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness were prepared for the optical microscopic observation, which were compared to the results obtained from the simulation. The tensile status of the deformed samples was evaluated as from the reduction of the average size of the grains as per the strength applied. This study intends to show that the cold hardening method is a surface hardening option.

En el trabajo se analiza el estado tenso-deformacional mediante la simulación por el método de los elemento finitos del acero AISI 1045 deformado en frío empleando rodillo simple, para ello se utilizó el software ANSYS V.10. En el proceso de deformación se consideran las variables número de revolución, la fuerza compresiva y el avance de la herramienta, lo que permitió determinar las tensiones de contacto del material deformado. El diámetro del material empleado fue de 30 mm con una longitud de 100 mm. Para la observación de la microscopía óptica, se prepararon muestras de 30 mm de diámetro por 3 mm de espesor, las que fueron comparadas con los resultados obtenidos de la simulación. El estado tensional de las muestras deformadas se evaluó a partir de la reducción del tamaño promedio de los granos según la fuerza empleada. Con el desarrollo del trabajo se trata de demostrar que el empleo del método de endurecimiento en frío es una alternativa de endurecimiento superficial.

Efficient synthesis of tension modulation in strings and membranes based on energy estimation.

Science.gov (United States)

Avanzini, Federico; Marogna, Riccardo; Bank, Balázs

2012-01-01

String and membrane vibrations cannot be considered as linear above a certain amplitude due to the variation in string or membrane tension. A relevant special case is when the tension is spatially constant and varies in time only in dependence of the overall string length or membrane surface. The most apparent perceptual effect of this tension modulation phenomenon is the exponential decay of pitch in time. Pitch glides due to tension modulation are an important timbral characteristic of several musical instruments, including the electric guitar and tom-tom drum, and many ethnic instruments. This paper presents a unified formulation to the tension modulation problem for one-dimensional (1-D) (string) and two-dimensional (2-D) (membrane) cases. In addition, it shows that the short-time average of the tension variation, which is responsible for pitch glides, is approximately proportional to the system energy. This proportionality allows the efficient physics-based sound synthesis of pitch glides. The proposed models require only slightly more computational resources than linear models as opposed to earlier tension-modulated models of higher complexity. © 2012 Acoustical Society of America.

Separation anxiety: Stress, tension and cytokinesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mohan, Krithika; Iglesias, Pablo A.; Robinson, Douglas N.

2012-01-01

Cytokinesis, the physical separation of a mother cell into two daughter cells, progresses through a series of well-defined changes in morphology. These changes involve distinct biochemical and mechanical processes. Here, we review the mechanical features of cells during cytokinesis, discussing both the material properties as well as sources of stresses, both active and passive, which lead to the observed changes in morphology. We also describe a mechanosensory feedback control system that regulates protein localization and shape progression during cytokinesis. -- Highlights: ► Cytokinesis progresses through three distinct mechanical phases. ► Cortical tension initially resists deformation of mother cell. ► Late in cytokinesis, cortical tension provides stress, enabling furrow ingression. ► A mechanosensory feedback control system regulates cytokinesis.

Hibridaciones y variaciones del canon ficcional en una serie de films argentinos del período clásico-industrial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Laura Lusnich

2013-08-01

Full Text Available El artículo analiza las prácticas de ruptura planteadas en el períodoclásico-industrial del cine argentino por cuatro directores emblemáticos. Se estudian dosaspectos que se destacan por su novedad: a las tensiones vigentes entre la vocaciónhacia el entretenimiento y la emergente concepción educativa y formativa del mediocinematográfico, y b los intercambios y contaminaciones manifiestos entre las prácticasficcionales y documentales, situación que otorga potencia expresiva y una inusualverosimilitud a las situaciones dramáticas.

Some remarks on the solid surface tension determination from contact angle measurements

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zdziennicka, Anna; Szymczyk, Katarzyna; Krawczyk, Joanna; Jańczuk, Bronisław, E-mail: bronislaw.janczuk@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl

2017-05-31

Graphical abstract: Surface tension of PE, nylon 6 and quartz from different approaches to the interface tension. - Highlights: • New values of water and formamide surface tension components were established. • Quartz surface tension depends on its crystal face. • Usefulness of different approaches for solid surface tension determination was tested. - Abstract: The measurements of water, formamide and diiodomethane contact angle (θ) on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), nylon 6, quartz and silica were performed. Based on the θ values of these liquids obtained on PTFE, the Lifshitz-van der Waals and acid-base and/or dispersion and polar components of their surface tension (ST) were determined. In turn, the θ values for water, formamide and diiodomethane on PMMA were applied to calculate the electron-acceptor and electron-donor parameters of the Lewis acid-base component of the formamide ST. For this calculation the same values of the electron-acceptor and electron-donor parameters for water ST were used. Taking into account the values of components and parameters of water, formamide and diiodomethane ST obtained by us, van Oss et al. and from the water(formamide)-n-alkane and water-diiodomethane interface tension, the components and parameters of studied solids ST were calculated. To this end different approaches to the interface tension were considered. The obtained values were compared with those in the literature. It was concluded that for determination of solid ST components and parameters, those of water, formamide and diiodomethane ST obtained from the θ measurements on the model solids should be used.

Apparatus producing constant cable tension for intermittent demand

Science.gov (United States)

Lauritzen, Ted

1985-01-01

The disclosed apparatus produces constant tension in superconducting electrical cable, or some other strand, under conditions of intermittent demand, as the cable is unreeled from a reel or reeled thereon. The apparatus comprises a pivotally supported swing frame on which the reel is rotatably supported, a rotary motor, a drive train connected between the motor and the reel and including an electrically controllable variable torque slip clutch, a servo transducer connected to the swing frame for producing servo input signals corresponding to the position thereof, a servo control system connected between the transducer and the clutch for regulating the torque transmitted by the clutch to maintain the swing frame in a predetermined position, at least one air cylinder connected to the swing frame for counteracting the tension in the cable, and pressure regulating means for supplying a constant air pressure to the cylinder to establish the constant tension in the cable, the servo system and the clutch being effective to produce torque on the reel in an amount sufficient to provide tension in the cable corresponding to the constant force exerted by the air cylinder. The drive train also preferably includes a fail-safe brake operable to its released position by electrical power in common with the servo system, for preventing rotation of the reel if there is a power failure. A shock absorber and biasing springs may also be connected to the swing frame, such springs biasing the frame toward its predetermined position. The tension in the cable may be measured by force measuring devices engageable with the bearings for the reel shaft, such bearings being supported for slight lateral movement. The reel shaft is driven by a Shmidt coupler which accommodates such movement.

Apparatus producing constant cable tension for intermittent demand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lauritzen, T.

1985-01-01

The disclosed apparatus produces constant tension in superconducting electrical cable, or some other strand, under conditions of intermittent demand, as the cable is unreeled from a reel or reeled thereon. The apparatus comprises a pivotally supported swing frame on which the reel is rotatably supported, a rotary motor, a drive train connected between the motor and the reel and including an electrically controllable variable torque slip clutch, a servo transducer connected to the swing frame for producing servo input signals corresponding to the position thereof, a servo control system connected between the transducer and the clutch for regulating the torque transmitted by the clutch to maintain the swing frame in a predetermined position, at least one air cylinder connected to the swing frame for counteracting the tension in the cable, and pressure regulating means for supplying a constant air pressure to the cylinder to establish the constant tension in the cable, the servo system and the clutch being effective to produce torque on the reel in an amount sufficient to provide tension in the cable corresponding to the constant force exerted by the air cylinder. The drive train also preferably includes a fail-safe brake operable to its released position by electrical power in common with the servo system, for preventing rotation of the reel if there is a power failure. A shock absorber and biasing springs may also be connected to the swing frame, such springs biasing the frame toward its predetermined position. The tension in the cable may be measured by force measuring devices engageable with the bearings for the reel shaft, such bearings being supported for slight lateral movement. The reel shaft is driven by a Shmidt coupler which accommodates such movement

Maestros narrados en el cine. Una mirada entreabierta sobre la escuela, el saber y la formación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Érica Elexandra Areiza-Pérez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El texto realiza una reflexión pedagógica a partir de tres producciones cinematográficas, a saber, Estrellas del cielo sobre la tierra, Rojo como el cielo y La sonrisa de Mona Lisa. El foco de atención de esta reflexión tiene relación con la figura del maestro y con el modo en que acoge o entorpece el proyecto humano de sus estudiantes. También se exploran algunas tensiones propias del escenario educativo y el lugar del saber en los procesos de formación.

Una máquinaria dogmática de negociación: Catolicismo y Regeneración en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oscar Saldarriaga Vélez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo analiza la política oficial de la Iglesia católica colombiana frente al liberalismo entre 1886 y 1930. Se rechaza la tesis de que el catolicismo fue totalmente intransigente con la modernidad liberal y sostiene que, por el contrario, la Iglesia de fin de siglo sostuvo una distinción pastoral entre tesis (dogma e hipótesis (adaptación local, que dio lugar a una compleja política de adaptación que acá se denomina “maquinaria dogmática de negociación”, caracterizada como un dispositivo discursivo (la filosofía neotomista y político (un sistema de clasificación de tipos de liberalismo para diferenciar hombres de ideas y producir un gobierno individualizado, seleccionando situaciones y personas caso por caso. Dispositivo entrópico que fue minando su propia capacidad de gestionar las tensiones generadas y los acuerdos alcanzados.

Post-tensioned Discrete Concrete Elements Developed For Free-form Construction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Egholm Pedersen, Ole; Larsen, Niels Martin; Pigram, Dave

2015-01-01

This paper presents a method for the construction of non-uniform precast concrete shell structures from unique parts. A novel method of discontinuous post-tensioning is introduced which allows tension to be taken through the connections. This increases the formal possibilities of the system beyon...

Improving corrosion resistance of post-tensioned substructures emphasizing high performance grouts

Science.gov (United States)

Schokker, Andrea Jeanne

The use of post-tensioning in bridges can provide durability and structural benefits to the system while expediting the construction process. When post-tensioning is combined with precast elements, traffic interference can be greatly reduced through rapid construction. Post-tensioned concrete substructure elements such as bridge piers, hammerhead bents, and straddle bents have become more prevalent in recent years. Chloride induced corrosion of steel in concrete is one of the most costly forms of corrosion each year. Coastal substructure elements are exposed to seawater by immersion or spray, and inland bridges may also be at risk due to the application of deicing salts. Corrosion protection of the post-tensioning system is vital to the integrity of the structure because loss of post-tensioning can result in catastrophic failure. Documentation for durability design of the grout, ducts, and anchorage systems is very limited. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of corrosion protection measures for post-tensioned concrete substructures by designing and testing specimens representative of typical substructure elements using state-of-the-art practices in aggressive chloride exposure environments. This was accomplished through exposure testing of twenty-seven large-scale beam specimens and ten large-scale column specimens. High performance grout for post-tensioning tendon injection was also developed through a series of fresh property tests, accelerated exposure tests, and a large-scale pumping test to simulate field conditions. A high performance fly ash grout was developed for applications with small vertical rises, and a high performance anti-bleed grout was developed for applications involving large vertical rises such as tall bridge piers. Long-term exposure testing of the beam and column specimens is ongoing, but preliminary findings indicate increased corrosion protection with increasing levels of post-tensioning, although traditional

A review of bush dog Speothos venaticus (Lund, 1842 (Carnivora, Canidae occurrences in Paraná state, subtropical Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. M. Tiepolo

Full Text Available Abstract We report six new occurrence records of the bush dog Speothos venaticus, a widely distributed South American carnivore that is threatened with extinction. These records are accompanied by notes on the places where the records were made, such as vegetation type, date and information about the protection of areas. The records, obtained over the last 17 years in Paraná state, southern Brazil, offer an improved understanding of the species geographic range and the threats it faces and can enable better assessments of the conservation status of the species in southern Brazil.

Social inequality as a factor of social tensions in Russian society

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. A. Oseev

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Based on this study the author concludes that “the latent and open social tensions... in Russian society today is quite high”, “clearly defined trend towards further improving it”, and to the deterioration of the social situation in the country and rising social tensions it “could lead to a sharp (abrupt increase in overt signs of social tensions and the development of its pre-crisis aside, and then the crisis situation”.

Dynamic surface tension measurements of ionic surfactants using maximum bubble pressure tensiometry

Science.gov (United States)

Ortiz, Camilla U.; Moreno, Norman; Sharma, Vivek

Dynamic surface tension refers to the time dependent variation in surface tension, and is intimately linked with the rate of mass transfer of a surfactant from liquid sub-phase to the interface. The diffusion- or adsorption-limited kinetics of mass transfer to interfaces is said to impact the so-called foamability and the Gibbs-Marangoni elasticity of surfaces. Dynamic surface tension measurements carried out with conventional methods like pendant drop analysis, Wilhelmy plate, etc. are limited in their temporal resolution (>50 ms). In this study, we describe design and application of maximum bubble pressure tensiometry for the measurement of dynamic surface tension effects at extremely short (1-50 ms) timescales. Using experiments and theory, we discuss the overall adsorption kinetics of charged surfactants, paying special attention to the influence of added salt on dynamic surface tension.

Aversive tension in female adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa: a controlled ecological momentary assessment using smartphones.

Science.gov (United States)

Kolar, David R; Hammerle, Florian; Jenetzky, Ekkehart; Huss, Michael; Bürger, Arne

2016-04-12

Current models of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) emphasize the role of emotion regulation. Aversive tension, described as a state of intense arousal and negative valence, is considered to be a link between emotional events and disordered eating. Recent research focused only on adult patients, and mainly general emotion regulation traits were studied. However, the momentary occurrence of aversive tension, particularly in adolescents with AN, has not been previously studied. 20 female adolescents with AN in outpatient treatment and 20 healthy adolescents aged 12 to 19 years participated in an ecological momentary assessment using their smartphones. Current states of aversive tension and events were assessed hourly for two consecutive weekdays. Mean and maximum values of aversive tension were compared. Multilevel analyses were computed to test the influence of time and reported events on aversive tension. The effect of reported events on subsequent changes of aversive tension in patients with AN were additionally tested in a multilevel model. AN patients showed higher mean and maximum levels of aversive tension. In a multilevel model, reported food intake was associated with higher levels of aversive tension in the AN group, whereas reported school or sport-related events were not linked to specific states of aversive tension. After food intake, subsequent increases of aversive tension were diminished and decreases of aversive tension were induced in adolescents with AN. Aversive tension may play a substantial role in the psychopathology of AN, particular in relation with food intake. Therefore, treatment should consider aversive tension as a possible intervening variable during refeeding. Our findings encourage further research on aversive tension and its link to disordered eating. German register of clinical trials (DRKS): DRKS00005228 (Date of registration: September 2, 2013).

Tensions of Corporate Social Responsibility

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Strand, Robert

, and formally rational tools like key performance indicators (KPIs) can be developed and employed in service of the selected substantively rational ends. I show how these KPIs can serve to highlight tensions between substantively rational ends. As such, I argue the CSR bureaucracy can create a space...

Update on normal tension glaucoma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jyotiranjan Mallick

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Normal tension glaucoma (NTG is labelled when typical glaucomatous disc changes, visual field defects and open anterior chamber angles are associated with intraocular pressure (IOP constantly below 21 mmHg. Chronic low vascular perfusion, Raynaud's phenomenon, migraine, nocturnal systemic hypotension and over-treated systemic hypertension are the main causes of normal tension glaucoma. Goldmann applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, slit lamp biomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography and visual field analysis are the main tools of investigation for the diagnosis of NTG. Management follows the same principles of treatment for other chronic glaucomas: To reduce IOP by a substantial amount, sufficient to prevent disabling visual loss. Treatment is generally aimed to lower IOP by 30% from pre-existing levels to 12-14 mmHg. Betaxolol, brimonidine, prostaglandin analogues, trabeculectomy (in refractory cases, systemic calcium channel blockers (such as nifedipine and 24-hour monitoring of blood pressure are considered in the management of NTG. The present review summarises risk factors, causes, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of NTG.

[Cognitive behavioral therapy for tension-type headache: a case report].

Science.gov (United States)

Salman, İsmail Barış; Sertel Berk, Hanife Özlem

2017-10-01

Tension-type headache has a very high socioeconomic impact, and its lifetime prevalence is reported to be between 30% and 78% in different studies. It is widely acknowledged that noninvasive management with a multidisciplinary approach should be considered for the treatment of tension-type headache. Cognitive behavioral therapy and relaxation exercises are efficient techniques. This article illustrates the application of a cognitive behavioral therapy protocol enhanced with progressive muscle stretching and relaxation exercises in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache via a case report. Our patient had an ongoing headache for 6 years when he was referred to us by the department of psychiatry. After 10 cognitive behavioral therapy sessions, the patient had learned to notice muscle tension and relax the muscles as well as to recognize and express his emotions in a better way. He became aware of automatic thoughts and learned to find alternative thoughts. Headache severity decreased, and he was able to increase participation in daily life activities.

RELACIONES ENTRE LOS CAMPOS Y LAS CATEGORÍAS EDUCACIÓN Y TECNOLOGÍA: UN ANÁLISIS DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL

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José Gabriel Cristancho Altuzarra

2016-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: El objetivo de este texto fue analizar las relaciones entre los campos y las categorías educación y tecnología . Metodológicamente, el trabajo se orientó por una perspectiva histórico-cultural, reconociendo que los conceptos y campos se han construido socialmente en contextos histórico-políticos. El artículo se configura en tres partes; en primer lugar, se ocupa de una primera relación entre educación y tecnología que se configuró entre los siglos XVII y XIX. En la segunda parte, se analiza cómo en el siglo XX la relación entre educación y tecnología adquirió unas especificidades marcadas por las dos guerras mundiales, la Guerra Fría y el inicio de la globalización; en la tercera parte, se muestran algunas tensiones que esto ha implicado en el siglo XXI; se cierra con perspectivas para futuros trabajos.

Modeling and characterization of strengthened concrete tension members

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Christian Skodborg; Stang, Henrik

2011-01-01

The structural potential for cracking of externally strengthened concrete tension members, can be predicted with three parameters, describing the structural cracking potential based on fracture mechanical properties of the of concrete and interface between concrete and strengthening medium....... With these parameters, it is possible to design reinforcement and obtain a required cracking behavior of a given structure. Design recommendations for single and multiple cracking of the tension specimen are given in terms of fracture mechanical parameters, and a structural stiffness parameter....

Stride-related rein tension patterns in walk and trot in the ridden horse.

Science.gov (United States)

Egenvall, Agneta; Roepstorff, Lars; Eisersiö, Marie; Rhodin, Marie; van Weeren, René

2015-12-30

The use of tack (equipment such as saddles and reins) and especially of bits because of rein tension resulting in pressure in the mouth is questioned because of welfare concerns. We hypothesised that rein tension patterns in walk and trot reflect general gait kinematics, but are also determined by individual horse and rider effects. Six professional riders rode three familiar horses in walk and trot. Horses were equipped with rein tension meters logged by inertial measurement unit technique. Left and right rein tension data were synchronized with the gait. Stride split data (0-100 %) were analysed using mixed models technique to elucidate the left/right rein and stride percentage interaction, in relation to the exercises performed. In walk, rein tension was highest at hindlimb stance. Rein tension was highest in the suspension phase at trot, and lowest during the stance phase. In rising trot there was a significant difference between the two midstance phases, but not in sitting trot. When turning in trot there was a significant statistical association with the gait pattern with the tension being highest in the inside rein when the horse was on the outer fore-inner hindlimb diagonal. Substantial between-rider variation was demonstrated in walk and trot and between-horse variation in walk. Biphasic rein tensions patterns during the stride were found mainly in trot.

Influencia de la sobremaduración en las propiedades mecánicas y comportamiento a corrosión bajo tensión de una aleación de aluminio 7075 T6

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Badía, J. M.

2004-04-01

Full Text Available The effect of a reageing heat treatment following a T6 temper on the mechanical properties and the stress corrosion cracking behaviour (SCC on the EN AW 7075 aluminium alloy is studied. The reageing time was 27 hours for all the temperatures used: 147, 152 and 163 ºC; this last temperature is indicated in the MIL-H-6088F standard to obtain the T73 temper from the T6 temper. The mechanical properties and the stress corrosion behaviour are evaluated and, compared with the T6 and T73 tempers. The evolution of the microstructure is analysed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC techniques, and related with the properties. The reageing following to the T6 temper made a more stable structure higher the temperature, and, consequently, lowing the stress corrosion susceptibility. For temperatures lower than 147 ºC, this diminution of stress corrosion susceptibility occurs without reducing the mechanical properties. So, the 147 ºC reageing heat treatment has better stress corrosion behaviour than the T6 temper, with similar mechanical properties. By the other hand, the stress corrosion susceptibility achieved with the 152 ºC reageing is slightly worse than the T73 one, but their mechanical properties are better.

En este trabajo se estudia el efecto de la aplicación de una etapa de remaduración posterior al estado T6 sobre las propiedades mecánicas y el comportamiento a corrosión bajo tensiones de una aleación EN AW 7075. Todas las remaduraciones se dieron durante 27 horas a tres temperaturas distintas: 147, 152 y 163 ºC; esta última corresponde a la indicada por la norma MIL-H-6088F para la obtención del estado T73 a partir del estado T6. Se evalúan las propiedades mecánicas y a corrosión bajo tensiones de estos tratamientos, teniendo como referencia los tratamientos T6 y T73. Se analiza la evolución de la microestructura con técnicas de microscopia electrónica de transmisión (TEM y

Predicting the minimum liquid surface tension activity of pseudomonads expressing biosurfactants.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohammed, I U; Deeni, Y; Hapca, S M; McLaughlin, K; Spiers, A J

2015-01-01

Bacteria produce a variety of biosurfactants capable of significantly reducing liquid (aqueous) surface tension (γ) with a range of biological roles and biotechnological uses. To determine the lowest achievable surface tension (γMin ), we tested a diverse collection of Pseudomonas-like isolates from contaminated soil and activated sludge and identified those expressing biosurfactants by drop-collapse assay. Liquid surface tension-reducing ability was quantitatively determined by tensiometry, with 57 isolates found to significantly lower culture supernatant surface tensions to 24·5-49·1 mN m(-1) . Differences in biosurfactant behaviour determined by foaming, emulsion and oil-displacement assays were also observed amongst isolates producing surface tensions of 25-27 mN m(-1) , suggesting that a range of structurally diverse biosurfactants were being expressed. Individual distribution identification (IDI) analysis was used to identify the theoretical probability distribution that best fitted the surface tension data, which predicted a γMin of 24·24 mN m(-1) . This was in agreement with predictions based on earlier work of published mixed bacterial spp. data, suggesting a fundamental limit to the ability of bacterial biosurfactants to reduce surface tensions in aqueous systems. This implies a biological restriction on the synthesis and export of these agents or a physical-chemical restriction on their functioning once produced. Numerous surveys of biosurfactant-producing bacteria have been conducted, but only recently has an attempt been made to predict the minimum liquid surface tension these surface-active agents can achieve. Here, we determine a theoretical minimum of 24 mN m(-1) by statistical analysis of tensiometry data, suggesting a fundamental limit for biosurfactant activity in bacterial cultures incubated under standard growth conditions. This raises a challenge to our understanding of biosurfactant expression, secretion and function, as well as

Violeta Parra: tensiones y transgresiones de una mujer popular de mediados del siglo XX Violeta Parra: Tensions and Transgressions in the Mid 20th Century of a Woman from the Popular World

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carla Pinochet Cobos

2010-06-01

Full Text Available La obra artística de Violeta Parra presenta, en diversos niveles, una compleja problematización de los esquemas sociales de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Este trabajo busca examinar los modos en los que esta folclorista transita por los esquemas de género que recaían sobre los hombres y mujeres de la época, dando lugar a una mirada crítica e irreverente en la que la tradición cultural y la innovación confluyen, tanto en lo que respecta al contenido de sus textos como en el plano expresivo de su musicalidad.Violeta Parra's artistic work presents on different levels the complex problem of unraveling the social schemes of the first half of the twentieth century. This article examines the ways in which this "folclorista" moved through the gender schemes corresponding to men and women of that epoch. This movement opened a space for a both critical and irreverent view in which cultural tradition and innovation converge, both regarding the contents other texts as well as the expression of their musicality.

Tension stiffening in partially prestressed concrete flexural members

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oukaili, K. N.

2000-01-01

Concrete tensile strength is not being zero, cracking does not extend to the neutral axis as assumed in standard cracked section analysis. In addition, un cracked concrete, which exists above the crack tip in the tension zone, contributes to the stiffness of the member. This paper discusses the influence of concrete tensile stress below the neut ural axis position at the cracked section on the tension stiffening phenomenon and deflection of progressively cracking partially prestressed concrete flexural members. The computation of the neutral axis location, which takes into consideration the effect of concrete in tension, can be achieved by solving iteratively tow simultaneous equation derived from forces and moments equilibrium, strain compatibility and linear stress - strain relationship in concrete across the section depth. Once the section depth after cracking is known, it can be used to calculate the effective moment of inertia for deflection analysis. (author). 13 refs., 3 figs., 1 table

Tensile behavior and tension stiffening of reinforced concrete

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choun, Young Sun; Seo, Jeong Moon

2001-03-01

For the ultimate behavior analysis of containment buildings under severe accident conditions, a clear understanding of tensile behaviors of plain and reinforced concrete is necessary. Nonlinear models for tensile behaviors of concrete are also needed. This report describe following items: tensile behaviors of plain concrete, test results of reinforced concrete panels in uniaxial and biaxial tension, tension stiffening. The tensile behaviors of reinforced concrete are significantly influenced by the properties of concrete and reinforcing steel. Thus, for a more reliable evaluation of tensile behavior and ultimate pressure capacity of a reinforced or prestressed concrete containment building, an advanced concrete model which can be considered rebar-concrete interaction effects should be developed. In additions, a crack behavior analysis method and tension stiffening models, which are based on fracture mechanics, should be developed. The model should be based on the various test data from specimens considering material and sectional properties of the containment building

The Investigation of the Corrosion Resistance of the Tension Clamps Skl14

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Marek Pětioký

2015-05-01

Full Text Available At the level crossings it is possible to find the problems with the corrosion of the parts of the fastening system. These problems are especially at the rubber level crossings and in the tunnels. As a part of the thesis the problem of the corrosion of the tension clamp Skl14 of the producer Vossloh at the rubber level crossings is examined. For the purposes of the comparison the tension clamps without the corrosion protection and the tension clamps with the corrosion protection KTL were examined. As a first step the corrosion features of the tension clamps Skl14 were solved. The examination was divided into two parts. First part it was the examination according to ČSN EN ISO 9227. The samples of the tension clamps were putted into the corrosion chamber. After 1728 h the results of the corrosion impacts were not satisfied. It was decided for the second step of the examination. It was the immersion in an electrolyte solution. As a result of the paper the corrosion features of the tension clamps without the corrosion protection and with the corrosion protection are compared.

Navigating the Tensions of Innovative Assessment and Pedagogy in Higher Education

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Jennifer Lock

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Innovative practice in a classroom adds challenges and tensions to programs and institutional structures in higher education. With the recent emphasis on curricula reform, there is a great focus on assessment and pedagogical practices to support student learning. To illustrate the tensions arising from these efforts, we present four pedagogical and assessment innovation approaches using both Shulman’s (2005 Signature Pedagogies and Tatar’s (2007 Design Tensions frameworks. The four approaches include problem-based learning, game-based learning, case-based learning, and technology-enhanced learning. A narrative for each approach examines and addresses tensions using Shulman’s (2005 surface, deep and implicit structures. We argue that there is an interconnected complexity and conflicting visions among the micro- (e.g., classroom or practicum, meso- (e.g., program, and macro- (e.g., institution levels. We acknowledge that dynamic tensions continually exist and needs to be thoughtfully navigated in support of innovative assessment and pedagogies in higher education. Dans l’enseignement supérieur, les pratiques innovatrices en salle de classe ajoutent des défis et des tensions aux programmes et aux structures institutionnelles. Suite à l’importance accrue récemment attachée à la réforme des programmes d’études, l’accent est mis sur l’évaluation et les pratiques pédagogiques pour soutenir l’apprentissage des étudiants. Afin d’illustrer les tensions qui découlent de ces efforts, nous présentons quatre approches de pédagogie et d’évaluation innovatrices qui font appel à la fois aux cadres de Shulman, Signature Pedagogies (2005, et à ceux de Tatar, Design Tensions (2007. Les quatre approches comprennent l’apprentissage par problèmes, l’apprentissage fondé sur le jeu, l’apprentissage basé sur des cas et l’apprentissage amélioré par les technologies. Chaque approche est examinée et traite des tensions

Managing the accountability-autonomy tensions in university research commercialisation

OpenAIRE

Narayan, Anil K.; Northcott, Deryl; Parker, Lee D.

2017-01-01

This article investigates organisational responses to emerging concerns about how accountability–autonomy tensions can be managed within the context of university research commercialisation. The findings suggest that changed expectations of university research practices, which result from the introduction of a commercialisation logic, can be managed via the homogenisation of research goals and strategies. The successful management of accountability–autonomy tensions also depends on utilising ...

Comparing the Knotless Tension Band and the Traditional Stainless Steel Wire Tension Band Fixation for Medial Malleolus Fractures: A Retrospective Clinical Study

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Michael W. Downey

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The traditional stainless steel wire tension band (WTB has been popularized for small avulsion fractures at the medial malleolus. Despite the tension band principle creating a stable construct, complications continue to arise utilizing the traditional stainless steel WTB with patients experiencing hardware irritation at the tension band site and subsequent hardware removal. Coupled with hardware irritation is fatigue failure with the wire. The goal of this investigation was to retrospectively compare this traditional wire technique to an innovative knotless tension band (KTB technique in order to decrease costly complications. A total of 107 patients were reviewed with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Outcome measures include descriptive data, fracture classification, results through economic costs, and fixation results (including hardware status, healing status, pain status, and time to healing. The KTB group had a 13% lower true cost as compared to the WTB group while the fixation results were equivocal for the measured outcomes. Our results demonstrate that the innovative KTB is comparable to the traditional WTB while offering a lower true cost, an irritation free reduction all without the frustration of returning to the operating room for additional hardware removal, which averages approximately to $8,288.

Ethical Tensions Related to Systemic Constraints: Occupational Alienation in Occupational Therapy Practice.

Science.gov (United States)

Durocher, Evelyne; Kinsella, Elizabeth Anne; McCorquodale, Lisa; Phelan, Shanon

2016-09-03

Ethical tensions arise daily in health care practice and are frequently related to health care system structures or policies. Collective case study methodology was adopted to examine ethical tensions reported by occupational therapists practicing in different settings in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Inductive analysis involving multiple layers of coding was conducted. This article focuses on tensions related to systemic constraints. Participants reported ethical tensions related to balancing client priorities with those of health care services. Four themes related to systemic constraints were identified including imposed practices, ineffective processes, resource limitations, and lack of services. Therapists' aims could be seen to align with an "ethic of care" and were seen to be in tension in light of systemic constraints. The findings raise issues related to occupational justice, particularly related to occupational alienation in occupational therapy practice, and open conversations related to neoliberalist health care agendas. © The Author(s) 2016.

¿”Proyecto de vida”? tensiones en un programa de prevención del delito juvenil

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Marina Medan

2012-05-01

Full Text Available El énfasis que los programas sociales para jóvenes de sectores populares ponen enla cuestión edad a partir de la idea de “proyecto de vida”, subestima las condiciones de clase socialde sus beneficiarios y beneficiarias. En este artículo expongo las tensiones que al respecto existenentre las propuestas de un programa de prevención del delito y las posibilidades que enuncian susbeneficiarios y beneficiarias. Argumento que si los jóvenes y las jóvenes asistidos encuentran eseproyecto de vida incongruente con sus condiciones, esta petición podría derivar en la legitimaciónde su exclusión institucional; además podría confinarlos a una posición juvenil calificada comoincompleta. Expongo datos obtenidos al estudiar cualitativamente un programa implementado en unbarrio del Gran Buenos Aires, entre los años 2008 y 2011.

EXPERIENCE WITH THE OPEN TENSION-FREE HERNIA REPAIR

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Slavko Rakovec

2002-03-01

Full Text Available Background. All old techniques of herniorrhaphy involve approximation of tissues under tension, which accounts for their unreliability. Therefore the recovery time is long and the recurrence rate unacceptably high. The new methods using a mesh patch of polypropylene allow for a tensionfree repair, which is much more reliable. So they are associated with a shorter recovery time and carry a low probability of recurrence. The tension-free repair can be accomplished in an open manner, by placing the mesh through an open incision, or by the endoscopic technique, which involves placing the mesh from within by laparoscopic instruments. The open tension-free procedures can be performed with the use of stitches (according to Lichtenstein or without them (sutureless techniques. Stitching the mesh may cause problems due to maldistribution of tension between the mesh and the patient’s tissues, the occurrence of neuralgia or the development of inflammatory granuloma. Therefore sutureless procedures are increasingly performed. They usually require, besides the use of a mesh patch, also the use of a dart plug made of the same material.Methods. The open tension-free methods of hernia repair have been used at our Department since 1994. The first 77 operations were performed by Lichtenstein technique. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.4 days and the mean work restriction period was 3 weeks. In the middle of the year 1995, we shifted to suturless technique. By the end of the year 2000, we had performed 768 operations. The average postoperative hospital stay was 1.2 days and the average recovery time was 10 days.Results. In the first group of 77 hernia repairs performed by the Lichtenstein procedure serious complications were noted in six patients: bleeding in one, long-lasting neuralgia in two, and purulent granuloma, appearing long after discharge from the hospital, in three. There were no recurrences. In the second group of 768 hernia repairs

[Peppermint oil in the acute treatment of tension-type headache].

Science.gov (United States)

Göbel, H; Heinze, A; Heinze-Kuhn, K; Göbel, A; Göbel, C

2016-06-01

Tension-type headache is the most frequent form of headache. The local topical treatment with peppermint oil (oleum menthae piperitae) has proven to be significantly more effective than placebo in controlled studies. Peppermint oil targets headache pathophysiology in multiple ways. The efficacy is comparable to that of acetylsalicylic acid or paracetamol. Solutions of 10 % peppermint oil in ethanol are licensed for the treatment of tension-type headache in adults and children above 6 years. It is included in treatment recommendations and guidelines by the respective professional societies and is regarded as a standard treatment for the acute therapy of tension-type headaches.

The Tension between Justice and Freedom in Paulo Freire's Epistemology.

Science.gov (United States)

Joldersma, Clarence W.

2001-01-01

Explores how the concept of freedom in Paulo Freire's constructivist epistemology-constituted as agentive, spontaneity-based action-is in tension with his ethical project of a pedagogy for justice, one based on responsibility and non-indifference. Resolution of this tension means reconceptualizing the grounding notion of the subject beyond a…

Infinite tension limit of the pure spinor superstring

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berkovits, Nathan [ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research,Instituto de Física Teórica, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista,Rua Dr. Bento T. Ferraz 271, 01140-070, São Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2014-03-04

Mason and Skinner recently constructed a chiral infinite tension limit of the Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz superstring which was shown to compute the Cachazo-He-Yuan formulae for tree-level d=10 Yang-Mills amplitudes and the NS-NS sector of tree-level d=10 supergravity amplitudes. In this letter, their chiral infinite tension limit is generalized to the pure spinor superstring which computes a d=10 superspace version of the Cachazo-He-Yuan formulae for tree-level d=10 super-Yang-Mills and supergravity amplitudes.

Patient goals after tension free vaginal tape operation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Glavind, Karin; Bjørk, Jonna; Kousgaard, Sabrina Just

INTRODUCTION: This prospective study investigates sexual function in women after a tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) operation and compares short-term and long-term effects. METHODS: Sixty-three women had a TVT operation performed at Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetr......INTRODUCTION: This prospective study investigates sexual function in women after a tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) operation and compares short-term and long-term effects. METHODS: Sixty-three women had a TVT operation performed at Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Gynecology...

Modeling the surface tension of complex, reactive organic-inorganic mixtures

Science.gov (United States)

Schwier, A. N.; Viglione, G. A.; Li, Z.; McNeill, V. Faye

2013-11-01

Atmospheric aerosols can contain thousands of organic compounds which impact aerosol surface tension, affecting aerosol properties such as heterogeneous reactivity, ice nucleation, and cloud droplet formation. We present new experimental data for the surface tension of complex, reactive organic-inorganic aqueous mixtures mimicking tropospheric aerosols. Each solution contained 2-6 organic compounds, including methylglyoxal, glyoxal, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, oxalic acid, succinic acid, leucine, alanine, glycine, and serine, with and without ammonium sulfate. We test two semi-empirical surface tension models and find that most reactive, complex, aqueous organic mixtures which do not contain salt are well described by a weighted Szyszkowski-Langmuir (S-L) model which was first presented by Henning et al. (2005). Two approaches for modeling the effects of salt were tested: (1) the Tuckermann approach (an extension of the Henning model with an additional explicit salt term), and (2) a new implicit method proposed here which employs experimental surface tension data obtained for each organic species in the presence of salt used with the Henning model. We recommend the use of method (2) for surface tension modeling of aerosol systems because the Henning model (using data obtained from organic-inorganic systems) and Tuckermann approach provide similar modeling results and goodness-of-fit (χ2) values, yet the Henning model is a simpler and more physical approach to modeling the effects of salt, requiring less empirically determined parameters.

Automatic control of arterial carbon dioxide tension in mechanically ventilated patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Fernando, Tyrone; Cade, John; Packer, John

2002-12-01

This paper presents a method of controlling the arterial carbon dioxide tension of patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Controlling of the CO2 tension is achieved by regulating the ventilator initiated breath frequency and also volume per breath.

Tensions and Striving for Coherence in an Academic's Professional Identity Work

Science.gov (United States)

Arvaja, Maarit

2018-01-01

The emergence of 'new managerialism' in academic institutions and professions has given rise to tensions between one's professional self and work context. Such tensions often originate from a misalignment between institutional and personal values. This study builds on a dialogical approach to identity and discusses the role of inner tensions and…

Notch effects in uniaxial tension specimens

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Delph, T.J.

1979-03-01

Results of a literature survey on the effect of notches on the time-dependent failure of uniaxial tension specimens at elevated temperatures are presented. Particular attention is paid to the failure of notched specimens containing weldments

Unilateral microform cleft lip repair: application of muscle tension line group theory.

Science.gov (United States)

Yin, Ningbei; Song, Tao; Wu, Jiajun; Chen, Bo; Ma, Hengyuan; Zhao, Zhenmin; Wang, Yongqian; Li, Haidong; Wu, Di

2015-03-01

In microform cleft lip repair, reconstructing the elaborate structures is difficult. We describe a new technique of unilateral microform cleft lip repair that is based on the muscle tension line group theory. According to the shape of Cupid bow, a different small incision is used without creating an obvious cutaneous scar. First, the nasolabial muscle around the nasal floor (the first auxiliary tension line group) is reconstructed, and then the orbicularis oris muscle around the philtrum (the second auxiliary tension line group) is reconstructed based on the muscle tension line group theory. From June 2006 to June 2012, the technique was used in 263 unilateral microform cleft lip repairs. For 18 months, 212 patients were followed up. The appearance of the nasal alar, nasal sill, philtrum, and Cupid bow peak improved. Most patients had a satisfactory appearance. Based on the muscle tension line group theory, using this technique offers the ability to adduct the nasal alar effectively to form a good nasal sill and philtrum.

[Tension gastrothorax as a cause of death by obstructive shock - case report].

Science.gov (United States)

García-Regalado, Juan F; Navarro-Rojas, Mariana M

2014-07-01

Tension gastrothorax is caused by the herniation of the stomach into the thorax due to a congenital defect of the diaphragm; the Bochdaleck diaphragmatic hernia (HDB) is the most frequent type. Tension gastrothorax should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with obstructive shock and tension pneumothorax. A previously healthy 10 month-old male infant, who presented increased respiratory distress, increased volume of the left hemithorax, absence of breath sounds, ipsilateral hyper-resonance, 76% saturation, cold skin and capillary filling > 5 seconds, followed by a cardio-respiratory arrest. Due to clinical suspicion of pneumothorax, needle decompression was performed reversing cardiac arrest, but with persistent hemodynamic and respiratory instability; chest radiograph suggested diaphragmatic hernia. He underwent surgery confirming the presence of a diaphragmatic hernia of 5 cm. The evolution of this case shows the difficulty differentiating a tension gastrothorax from tension pneumothorax in patients admitted to the emergency room who are in serious condition; therefore, a high index of suspicion is needed for its identification.

Development of a computer-controlled tensiometer for real-time measurements of tension in tubular organs.

Science.gov (United States)

Gregersen, H; Barlow, J; Thompson, D

1999-04-01

A computer-controlled tensiometer for studying wall tension in tubular organs has been developed. The system consisted of a probe with an inflatable balloon, an impedance planimeter, pressure transducer and amplifier, a pump with RS232 interface and a PC with dedicated software. Circumferential wall tension was computed in real time from pressure and cross-sectional area measurements (tension measurement mode). Wall tension can be maintained on a preset level or be changed as a step or ramp function by a feedback control of the infusion/withdrawal pump (tension control mode). A software regulator adjusted the volume rate (low volume rate when the computed tension was close to the preset value) to minimize overshoot and oscillation. Validation tests were performed and the technique was applied in the human oesophagus. Volume- and tension-controlled balloon distensions elicited secondary peristalsis of increasing intensity that was decreased significantly by the antimuscarinic agent Hyoscine butyl bromide. In tension control mode Hyoscine butyl bromide caused oesophageal relaxation, i.e. CSA to increase and pressure to decay. Furthermore, pronounced pressure relaxation and tension relaxation were observed during volume-controlled distension after administration of Hyoscine butyl bromide.

Dorzolamide increases retinal oxygen tension after branch retinal vein occlusion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Noergaard, Michael Hove; Bach-Holm, Daniella; Scherfig, Erik

2008-01-01

To study the effect of dorzolamide on the preretinal oxygen tension (RPO(2)) in retinal areas affected by experimental branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in pigs.......To study the effect of dorzolamide on the preretinal oxygen tension (RPO(2)) in retinal areas affected by experimental branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in pigs....

Central and peripheral mechanisms in chronic tension-type headache

OpenAIRE

Lipchik, Gay L.; Holroyd, Kenneth A.; France, Christopher R.; Kvaal, Steven A.; Segal, David; Cordingley, Gary E.; Rokicki, Lori A.; McCool, Heidi R.

1996-01-01

The second exteroceptive suppression of masseter muscle activity (ES2) and tenderness in pericranial muscles were evaluated in 112 young adults who met IHS criteria in the following diagnostic classifications: 31 chronic tension headache, 31 episodic tension headache, 33 migraine without aura and 17 migraine with aura. An additional 31 subjects served as controls. Pericranial muscle tenderness better distinguished diagnostic subgroups and better distinguished recurrent headache sufferers from...

Study on the makinq of Cockroft Walton high tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hutapea, Sumihar.

1976-01-01

A prototype of a generator is being developed at the GAMA Research Center. Experience in working with some components, high voltage capacitor, column, and potential divider is discussed. High voltage diode, the type which is usually used in television, is used. The tension of the generator is measured by using the high ohmic resistence of 4000 megaohm. The maximum tension can be reached no more than 150000 volts. (author)

Una revista distinta: Ellas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Requena Hidalgo, Cora

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This article focuses on the women’s magazine Ellas, published in the mid-nineteenth century in Madrid, and discusses its relationship with other approximately contemporary magazines and newspapers in order to contribute to a reconstruction of the history of women’s publications in the Spanish press. The approach is based on an analysis of the text of each issue of the magazine and comparison with other publications, where applicable. Key features of the article include a reflection on the social rights of women, an attempt to analyse the main differences between women and men and defining features of sexual gender, the need for women’s education, etc. Studying the magazine’s content clearly reveals a continual tension between progressive and conservative ideas typical of the historical context in which gender studies emerged in Spain.Este artículo centra su atención en la revista para mujeres Ellas, publicada a mediados del siglo XIX en Madrid. Analiza, asimismo, la relación de esta publicación con algunas otras revistas y periódicos de su contexto histórico próximo, con el fin de contribuir a la reconstrucción de una Historia de las publicaciones para mujeres en la prensa española. Para ello se utiliza el análisis de textos que forman parte de los números que componen la revista, así como el análisis comparativo entre publicaciones, cuando es pertinente. Entre los aspectos de mayor interés que el artículo pone de relieve se encuentra la reflexión sobre los derechos sociales de las mujeres, el intento de análisis de las principales diferencias entre mujeres y hombres y de los rasgos definitorios de los géneros sexuales, la necesidad de educación de las mujeres, entre otros. El estudio del contenido de la publicación revela claramente una tensión contradictoria continua entre las ideas progresistas y las ideas conservadoras propias del momento histórico que dieron origen en España al nacimiento de los estudios de género.

Fiddler on the Tree - A Bush-Cricket Species with Unusual Stridulatory Organs and Song

Science.gov (United States)

Heller, Klaus-Gerhard; Hemp, Claudia

2014-01-01

Insects of the order Orthoptera are well-known for their acoustic communication. The structures used for this purpose show a high diversity which obviously relates to differences in song parameters and to the physics of sound production. Here we describe song and morphology of the sound producing organs of a tropical bush-cricket, Ectomoptera nepicauda, from East Africa. It has a very unusual calling song consisting of frequency-modulated, pure-tone sounds in the high ultrasonic range of 80 to120 kHz and produced by extremely fast wing movements. Concerning morphology, it represents the most extreme state in the degree of left-right fore-wing differentiation found among Orthoptera: the acoustic parts of the left fore-wing consist exclusively of the stridulatory file, comparable in function to the bow of a violin, while the right wing carries only the plectrum ( =  string) and mirror ( =  soundbox). PMID:24643071

Thermal Characteristics of Plastic Film Tension in Roll-to-Roll Gravure Printed Electronics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kui He

2018-02-01

Full Text Available In the printing section of a roll-to-roll gravure printed electronics machine, the plastic film tension is directly associated with the product quality. The temperature distribution of the plastic film in the printing section is non-uniform, because of the higher drying temperature and the lower room temperature. Furthermore, the drying temperature and the room temperature are not constants in industrial production. As the plastic film is sensitive to temperature, the temperature of the plastic film will affects the web tension in the printing section. In this paper, the thermal characteristics of the plastic film tension in roll-to-roll gravure printed electronics are studied in order to help to improve the product quality. First, the tension model including the factor of temperature is derived based on the law of mass conservation. Then, some simulations and experiments are carried out in order to in-depth research the effects of the drying temperature and room temperature based on the relations between system inputs and outputs. The results show that the drying temperature and room temperature have significant influences on the web tension. The research on the thermal characteristics of plastic film tension would benefit the tension control accuracy for further study.

Force generation and temperature-jump and length-jump tension transients in muscle fibers.

Science.gov (United States)

Davis, J S; Rodgers, M E

1995-01-01

Muscle tension rises with increasing temperature. The kinetics that govern the tension rise of maximally Ca(2+)-activated, skinned rabbit psoas fibers over a temperature range of 0-30 degrees C was characterized in laser temperature-jump experiments. The kinetic response is simple and can be readily interpreted in terms of a basic three-step mechanism of contraction, which includes a temperature-sensitive rapid preequilibrium(a) linked to a temperature-insensitive rate-limiting step and followed by a temperature-sensitive tension-generating step. These data and mechanism are compared and contrasted with the more complex length-jump Huxley-Simmons phases in which all states that generate tension or bear tension are perturbed. The rate of the Huxley-Simmons phase 4 is temperature sensitive at low temperatures but plateaus at high temperatures, indicating a change in rate-limiting step from a temperature-sensitive (phase 4a) to a temperature-insensitive reaction (phase 4b); the latter appears to correlate with the slow, temperature-insensitive temperature-jump relaxation. Phase 3 is absent in the temperature-jump, which excludes it from tension generation. We confirm that de novo tension generation occurs as an order-disorder transition during phase 2slow and the equivalent, temperature-sensitive temperature-jump relaxation. PMID:7612845

Influence of specimen type and reinforcement on measured tension-tension fatigue life of unidirectional GFRP laminates

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Korkiakoski, Samuli; Brøndsted, Povl; Sarlin, Essi

2016-01-01

It is well known that standardised tension-tension fatigue test specimens of unidirectional (UD) glass-fibre-reinforced plastics (GFRP) laminates tend to fail at end tabs. The true fatigue life is then underestimated. The first objective of this study was to find for UD GFRP laminates a test...... specimen that fails in the gauge section. The second objective was to compare fatigue performance of two laminates, one having a newly developed UD powder-bound fabric as a reinforcement and the other having a quasi-UD stitched non-crimp fabric as a reinforcement. In the first phase, a rectangular specimen...... in accordance with the ISO 527-5 standard and two slightly different dog-bone shaped specimens were evaluated by means of finite element modelling. Subsequent comparative fatigue tests were performed for the laminates with the three specimen types. The results showed that the test specimen type has...

Post-tensioning and splicing of precast/prestressed bridge beams to extend spans

Science.gov (United States)

Collett, Brandon S.; Saliba, Joseph E.

2002-06-01

This paper explores the status and techniques of post-tensioning and splicing precast concrete I-beams in bridge applications. It will look at the current practices that have been used in the United States and comment on the advantages of these techniques. Representative projects are presented to demonstrate the application and success of specific methods used. To demonstrate the benefits of using post-tensioning and splicing to extend spans, multiple analysis of simple span post-tensioned I-beams were performed varying such characteristics as beam spacing, beam sections, beam depth and concrete strength. Tables were then developed to compare the maximum span length of a prestressed I-beam versus a one segment or a spliced three segment post-tensioned I-beam. The lateral stability of the beam during fabrication, transportation and erection is also examined and discussed. These tables are intended to aid designers and owners in preliminary project studies to determine if post-tensioning can be beneficial to their situation. AASHTO Standard Specifications(2) will be used as basic guidelines and specifications. In many cases, post-tensioning was found to extend the maximum span length of a typical 72-inch precast I-beam more than 40 feet over conventional prestress.

Detection of low tension cosmic superstrings

Science.gov (United States)

Chernoff, David F.; Tye, S.-H. Henry

2018-05-01

Cosmic superstrings of string theory differ from conventional cosmic strings of field theory. We review how the physical and cosmological properties of the macroscopic string loops influence experimental searches for these relics from the epoch of inflation. The universe's average density of cosmic superstrings can easily exceed that of conventional cosmic strings having the same tension by two or more orders of magnitude. The cosmological behavior of the remnant superstring loops is qualitatively distinct because the string tension is exponentially smaller than the string scale in flux compactifications in string theory. Low tension superstring loops live longer, experience less recoil (rocket effect from the emission of gravitational radiation) and tend to cluster like dark matter in galaxies. Clustering enhances the string loop density with respect to the cosmological average in collapsed structures in the universe. The enhancement at the Sun's position is ~ 105. We develop a model encapsulating the leading order string theory effects, the current understanding of the string network loop production and the influence of cosmological structure formation suitable for forecasting the detection of superstring loops via optical microlensing, gravitational wave bursts and fast radio bursts. We evaluate the detection rate of bursts from cusps and kinks by LIGO- and LISA-like experiments. Clustering dominates rates for G μ 10‑14.2 (LIGO cusp), G μ>10‑15 (LISA cusp) and G μ>10‑ 14.1 (LISA kink).

Minimally invasive tension band wiring technique for olecranon fractures.

Science.gov (United States)

Takada, Naoya; Kato, Kenji; Fukuta, Makoto; Wada, Ikuo; Otsuka, Takanobu

2013-12-01

Some types of implants, such as plates, screws, wires, and nails, have been used for open reduction and internal fixation of olecranon fractures. A ≥ 10 cm longitudinal incision is used for open reduction and internal fixation of olecranon fractures. According to previous studies, tension band wiring is a popular method that gives good results. However, back out of the wires after the surgery is one of the main postoperative complications. Moreover, if the Kirschner wires are inserted through the anterior ulnar cortex, they may impinge on the radial neck, supinator muscle, or biceps tendon. Herein, we describe the minimally invasive tension band wiring technique using Ring-Pin. This technique can be performed through a 2 cm incision. Small skin incisions are advantageous from an esthetic viewpoint. Ring-Pin was fixed by using a dedicated cable wire that does not back out unless the cable wire breaks or slips out of the dedicated metallic clamp. As the pins are placed in intramedullary canal, this technique does not lead to postoperative complications that may occur after transcortical fixation by conventional tension band wiring. Minimally invasive tension band wiring is one of the useful options for the treatment of olecranon fractures with some advantages.

Tension cost correlates with mechanical and biochemical parameters in different myocardial contractility conditions

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Cleci M. Moreira

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: Tension cost, the ratio of myosin ATPase activity to tension, reflects the economy of tension development in the myocardium. To evaluate the mechanical advantage represented by the tension cost, we studied papillary muscle contractility and the activity of myosin ATPase in the left ventricles in normal and pathophysiological conditions. METHODS: Experimental protocols were performed using rat left ventricles from: (1 streptozotocin-induced diabetic and control Wistar rats; (2 N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME hypertensive and untreated Wistar rats; (3 deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA salt-treated, nephrectomized and salt- and DOCA-treated rats; (4 spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR and Wistar Kyoto (WKY rats; (5 rats with myocardial infarction and shamoperated rats. The isometric force, tetanic tension, and the activity of myosin ATPase were measured. RESULTS: The results obtained from infarcted, diabetic, and deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-treated rats showed reductions in twitch and tetanic tension compared to the control and sham-operated groups. Twitch and tetanic tension increased in the N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-treated rats compared with the Wistar rats. Myosin ATPase activity was depressed in the infarcted, diabetic, and deoxycorticosterone acetate salt-treated rats compared with control and sham-operated rats and was increased in N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-treated rats. These parameters did not differ between SHR and WKY rats. In the studied conditions (e.g., post-myocardial infarction, deoxycorticosterone acetate salt-induced hypertension, chronic N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester treatment, and streptozotocin-induced diabetes, a positive correlation between force or plateau tetanic tension and myosin ATPase activity was observed. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the myocardium adapts to force generation by increasing or reducing the tension cost to maintain myocardial contractility with a better

Hydraulic nuts (HydraNuts) for reactor vessel tensioning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Greenwell, Steve

2008-01-01

The paper will present how the introduction of hydraulic nuts - HydraNuts, has reduced critical path times, dose exposure for workers and improved working safety conditions around the reactor vessel during tensioning or de-tensioning operations. It will focus upon detailing the advantages realized by utilities that have introduced the technology and providing examples of the improvements made to the process as well as discussing the engineering design change packages required to make the conversion to the new system. HydraNuts replace the traditional mechanical nut/stud tensioning equipment, combining the two functions into a single system, designed for easy installation and operation by one individual. The primary components of the HydraNut can be assembled without the need for external crane or hoist support and are designed so that each sub assembly can be fitted separately. Once all HydraNuts are fitted to the Rx vessel studs and are sitting on the main Rx vessel head flange, then a system of flexible hydraulic hoses is connected to them, forming a closed loop hydraulic harness, which will allow for simultaneous pressurization of all HydraNuts. Hydraulic pressure is obtained by the use of a hydraulic pumping unit and the resultant load generated in each HydraNut is transferred to the stud and main flange closure is obtained. While maintaining hydraulic pressure, a locking ring is rotated into place on the HydraNut assembly that will support the tensioned load mechanically when the hydraulic pressure is released from the hose harness assembly. The hose harness is removed and the HydraNut is now functioning as a mechanical nut retaining the tensioned load. The HydraNut system for Rx vessel applications was first introduced into a plant in the U.S. in October 2006 and based upon the benefits realized subsequent projects are under way within the Asian and U.S. operating fleet. (author)

Changing market values? Tensions of contradicting public management discourses

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Plotnikof, Mie

2016-01-01

that the discursive tensions between such value-laden practices indicate a changing marketization associated with collaboration and trust, yet also competition. Research limitations/implications To research it becomes critical to advance theoretical and empirical knowledge on the constitutive effects of such complex......The purpose of this paper is to address studies of New Public Governance (NPG) as a post-New Public Management (NPM) tendency. Although NPG is considered a contrast to NPM and its market incentives, it argues that the practices emerging in tensions of NPM and NPG discourses indicate not a clear......-cut shift away from NPM, but rather changes that combine competition with collaboration and trust. Design/methodology/approach It offers a discourse approach to advance the theorizing and empirical unfolding of the tensions of contradicting, yet co-existing discourses of NPM and NPG and their effects...

Surface tension in microsystems engineering below the capillary length

CERN Document Server

Lambert, Pierre

2014-01-01

This book describes how surface tension effects can be used by engineers to provide mechanical functions in miniaturized products (<1 mm). Even if precursors of this field such as Jurin or Laplace already date back to the 18th century, describing surface tension effects from a mechanical perspective is very recent. The originality of this book is to consider the effects of capillary bridges on solids, including forces and torques exerted both statically and dynamically by the liquid along the 6 degrees-of-freedom. It provides a comprehensive approach to various applications, such as capillary adhesion (axial force), centering force in packaging and micro-assembly (lateral force) and recent developments such as a capillary motor (torque). It devises how surface tension can be used to provide mechanical functions such as actuation (bubble-actuated compliant table), sealing and tightness, energy harvesting, nanodispending.

Experiment and model for the surface tension of amine–ionic liquids aqueous solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Pan; Du, LeiXia; Fu, Dong

2014-01-01

Highlights: • The surface tensions of MEA/DEA–ionic liquids aqueous solutions were measured. • The experiments were modeled satisfactorily by using a thermodynamic equation. • The temperature dependence of the surface tension was illustrated. • The effects of the mass fractions of MEA/DEA and ionic liquids were demonstrated. - Abstract: The surface tension (γ) of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF 4 ])–monoethanolamine (MEA), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Bmim][Br])–MEA, [Bmim][BF 4 ]–diethanolamine (DEA) and [Bmim][Br]–DEA aqueous solutions was measured by using the BZY-1 surface tension meter. The temperature ranged from (293.2 to 323.2) K. The mass fraction of amines and ionic liquids (ILS) respectively ranged from 0.15 to 0.30 and 0.05 to 0.10. A thermodynamic equation was proposed to model the surface tension of amines–ILS aqueous solutions and the calculated results agreed well with the experiments. The effects of temperature, mass fraction of amines and ILS on the surface tension were demonstrated on the basis of experiments and calculations

El impulso educativo, cultural, científico, deportivo y socioeconómico que significó el exilio español republicano en Colombia. Una significativa aportación al progreso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hernández Álvarez, Juan Luis

2009-10-01

Full Text Available The Spanish group that set up the exile in Colombia, as a consequence of General Franco’s coup d’état and the resultant civil war (1936-1939, has some specific characteristics that have a close relation with the receiving country needs and circumstances. In the 30s, the tension between the two principal political parties in Colombia, the concurrence and social deficiencies marked a restrictive and selective admittance. The arrival of “Spanish republicans” was quantitatively low but, because of this selection, it supposed a huge effect in society, culture, education, sport, science, industry... Now that time has passed we can analyze the Spanish exile influence on Colombia and calificate it as a “big impact”, especially because the low numbers, between 500 to 700 people.El grupo de españoles que conformó el exilio llegado a Colombia como consecuencia del golpe de estado del general Franco y el resultado de la Guerra Civil de 1936-1939, ofrece unas características específicas configuradas principalmente por las circunstancias y necesidades del país de acogida. En la década de los treinta, las tensiones entre los dos principales partidos colombianos, conservador y liberal, las concurrencias y las carencias sociales marcaron una acogida restrictiva y seleccionada. La llegada de “republicanos españoles” fue bastante reducida a nivel cuantitativo, y sin embargo, propiciada por dicha selección, supuso una enorme incidencia en la sociedad, la cultura, la educación, el deporte, la ciencia, la industria colombiana... La perspectiva del tiempo nos permite calificar la huella que el exilio español dejó en Colombia como de una “desmesurada incidencia” si tenemos en cuenta que su número pudo fluctuar entre las 500 y las 700 personas.

The environmental factors as reason for emotional tension

Science.gov (United States)

Prisniakova, L.

The information from environment is a reason of activation of an organism, it calls abrupt changings in nervous processes and it offers emotions. One part of emotions organizes and supports activity, others disorganize it. In fields of perception, of making decision, fulfilment of operatings, of learning the emotional excitation raises the level of carrying-out more easy problems and reduces of more difficult one. The report are presented the outcomes of quantitative determination of a level of emotional tension on successful activity. The inverse of the sign of influencing on efficiency of activity of the man is detected. The action of the emotional tension on efficiency of professional work was demonstrated to have similarly to influencing of motivation according to the law Yerkes -Dodson. The report introduces a mathematical model of connection of successful activity and motivations or the emotional tension. Introduced in the report the outcomes can serve the theoretical idealized basis of the quantitative characteristics of an estimation of activity of astronauts in conditions of the emotional factors at a phase of selection

Parenteral treatment of episodic tension-type headache: a systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Weinman, Danielle; Nicastro, Olivia; Akala, Olabiyi; Friedman, Benjamin W

2014-02-01

Tension-type headache is highly prevalent in the general population and is a consistent if not frequent cause of visits to acute care settings. Analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen, and salicylates are considered first-line therapy for treatment of tension-type headache. For patients who present to an acute care setting with persistent tension-type headache despite analgesic therapy, it is not clear which parenteral agent should be administered. We performed a systematic review of the medical literature to determine whether parenteral therapies other than salicylates or nonsteroidals are efficacious for acute tension-type headache. We performed a systematic review of Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google scholar, and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials from inception through August, 2012 using the search terms "tension-type headache" and "parenteral or subcutaneous or intramuscular or intravenous." Our goal was to identify randomized trials in which one parenteral treatment was compared to another active comparator or to placebo for the acute relief of tension-type headache. Parenteral was defined as intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous administration. We only included studies that distinguished tension-type headache from other primary headache disorders, such as migraine. The primary outcome for this review was measures of efficacy one hour after medication administration. Data abstraction was performed by two authors. Disagreements were resolved by a third author. We assessed the internal validity of trials using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Because of the small number of trials identified, and the substantial heterogeneity among study design and medications, we decided that combining data and reporting summary statistics would serve no useful function. The results of individual studies are presented using Number Needed to Treat (NNT) with 95%CI when dichotomous outcomes were available and

Cadherin adhesion, tissue tension, and noncanonical Wnt signaling regulate fibronectin matrix organization.

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Dzamba, Bette J; Jakab, Karoly R; Marsden, Mungo; Schwartz, Martin A; DeSimone, Douglas W

2009-03-01

In this study we demonstrate that planar cell polarity signaling regulates morphogenesis in Xenopus embryos in part through the assembly of the fibronectin (FN) matrix. We outline a regulatory pathway that includes cadherin adhesion and signaling through Rac and Pak, culminating in actin reorganization, myosin contractility, and tissue tension, which, in turn, directs the correct spatiotemporal localization of FN into a fibrillar matrix. Increased mechanical tension promotes FN fibril assembly in the blastocoel roof (BCR), while reduced BCR tension inhibits matrix assembly. These data support a model for matrix assembly in tissues where cell-cell adhesions play an analogous role to the focal adhesions of cultured cells by transferring to integrins the tension required to direct FN fibril formation at cell surfaces.

Surface tension effects on vertical upward annular flows in a small diameter pipe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sadatomi, Michio, E-mail: sadatomi@mech.kumamoto-u.ac.jp [Dept. of Advanced Mechanical Systems, Kumamoto Univ., 39-1, Kurokami 2-chome, Chuou-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555 (Japan); Kawahara, Akimaro [Dept. of Advanced Mechanical Systems, Kumamoto Univ., 39-1, Kurokami 2-chome, Chuou-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555 (Japan); Suzuki, Aruta [Plant Design & Engineering Dept., Environment, Energy & Plant Headquarters, Hitachi Zosen Corporation, 7-89, Nankokita 1-chome, Suminoe-ku, Osaka, 559-8559 (Japan)

2016-12-15

Highlights: • Surface tension effects were clarified on annular flow in a small diameter pipe. • The mean liquid film thickness became thinner with decreasing of surface tension. • The liquid droplet fraction and the interfacial shear stress became higher with it. • New prediction methods for the above parameters were developed and validated. - Abstract: Experiments were conducted to study the surface tension effects on vertical upward annular flows in a 5 mm I.D. pipe using water and low surface tension water with a little surfactant as the test liquid and air as the test gas. Firstly, the experimental results on the mean liquid film thickness, the liquid droplet fraction and the interfacial shear stress in annular flows together with some flow pictures are presented to clarify the surface tension effects. From these, the followings are clarified: In the low surface tension case, the liquid film surface becomes rough, the liquid film thickness thin, the liquid droplet fraction high, and the interfacial shear stress high. Secondary, correlations in literatures for the respective parameters are tested against the present data. The test results show that no correlation for the respective parameters could predict well the present data. Thus, correlations are revised by accounting for the surface tension effects. The results of the experiments, the correlations tests and their revisions mentioned above are presented in the present paper.

Graft fixation with predetermined tension using a new device, the double spike plate.

Science.gov (United States)

Shino, Konsei; Mae, Tatsuo; Maeda, Akira; Miyama, Takahide; Shinjo, Hirotaka; Kawakami, Hideo

2002-10-01

To biomechanically evaluate a new fixation device, DSP (Double Spike Plate; Meira Corp, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan), for pullout graft fixation. Biomechanical study. A porcine tibia in which 8-mm diameter drill holes had been made from the medial tibial metaphysis to the anterior cruciate ligament attachment was rigidly fixed to a tension analyzer. A quadrupled graft consisting of 2 double-looped bovine tendons was prepared with No. 3 polyester sutures placed distally. The graft was passed through the drill hole, and its proximal loop ends were rigidly fixed to a load cell for monitoring graft tension. The graft's distal ends were connected to the DSP by tying the sutures to the top hole in the DSP. The graft tension was predetermined at 49 N (n = 5) or 98 N (n = 5). This tension was maintained for 5 minutes with a suture passed through the bottom hole of the DSP. The plate was fixed to the tibia by hammering its spikes into the bone under the index tension. Finally, the fixation was completed by inserting a screw. Although the graft tension immediately increased to 69 +/- 11 N or 133 +/- 14 N during hammering, it gradually reduced to 49 +/- 10 N or 100 +/- 7 N 5 minutes later. This study shows that graft fixation under a predetermined tension can be achieved with the DSP.

Transient interfacial tension and dilatational rheology of diffuse polymer-polymer interfaces

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Peters, G.W.M.; Zdravkov, A.N.; Meijer, H.E.H.

2005-01-01

We demonstrate the influence of molecular weight and molecular weightasymmetry across an interface on the transient behavior of the interfacial tension. The interfacial tension was measured as a function of time for a range of polymer combinations with a broadrange of interfacial properties using a

Lung abscess presenting as tension pyopneumothorax in a gastrointestinal cancer patient.

Science.gov (United States)

Okita, Riki; Miyata, Yoshihiro; Hamai, Yoichi; Hihara, Jun; Okada, Morihito

2014-01-01

We report a surgical case of tension pyopneumothorax in a patient who was receiving chemotherapy for esophageal cancer. A 68-year-old man who had undergone total gastrectomy with splenectomy for gastric cancer and was receiving chemotherapy for esophageal cancer was presented to our hospital with dyspnea. Left tension pyopneumothorax was diagnosed, and he received left lower lobectomy after pleural drainage. His postoperative course was uneventful, and he is alive without any cancer recurrences 5 years after the lobectomy. Once tension pyopneumothorax has developed from lung abscess, emergent lobectomy may be a useful option to prevent lethal aspiration pneumonia.

Social tension as precursor of large damaging earthquake: legend or reality?

Science.gov (United States)

Molchanov, O.

2008-11-01

Using case study of earthquake (EQ) activity and war conflicts in Caucasus during 1975 2002 time interval and correlation analysis of global distribution of damaging EQs and war-related social tension during 1901 2005 period we conclude: There is a statistically reliable increase of social tension several years (or several months in case study) before damaging EQs, There is evident decrease of social tension several years after damaging EQs, probably due to society consolidation, Preseismic effect is absent for the large EQs in unpopulated areas, There is some factual background for legendary belief in Almighty retribution for social abnormal behavior.

Tension-type headache

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bendtsen, Lars; Jensen, Rigmor; Bendtsen, Lars

2009-01-01

The substantial societal and individual burdens associated with tension-type headache (TTH) constitute a previously overlooked major public health issue. TTH is prevalent, affecting up to 78% of the general population, and 3% suffer from chronic TTH. Pericranial myofascial nociception probably...... is important for the pathophysiology of episodic TTH, whereas sensitization of central nociceptive pathways seems responsible for the conversion of episodic to chronic TTH. Headache-related disability usually can be reduced by identification of trigger factors combined with nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic...... treatments, but effective treatment modalities are lacking. Benefits can be gained by development of specific and effective treatment strategies....

AUTOGENIC THERAPY IN TENSION HEADACHE

Science.gov (United States)

Amruthraj, Brunda; Mishra, H.; Kumaraiah, V.

1987-01-01

SUMMARY Ten subjects diagnosed as Psychalgia were taken for study. A multiple baseline design was adapted and clients were subjected to 30 sessions of autogenic training. They were assessed using physiological (EMG and thermal change) and behavioural measures (Visual analogue scale and behavioural symptom checklist). Findings revealed autogenic therapy to be effective in reducing tension headache. PMID:21927245

AUTOGENIC THERAPY IN TENSION HEADACHE

OpenAIRE

Amruthraj, Brunda; Mishra, H.; Kumaraiah, V.

1987-01-01

SUMMARY Ten subjects diagnosed as Psychalgia were taken for study. A multiple baseline design was adapted and clients were subjected to 30 sessions of autogenic training. They were assessed using physiological (EMG and thermal change) and behavioural measures (Visual analogue scale and behavioural symptom checklist). Findings revealed autogenic therapy to be effective in reducing tension headache.

Static and dynamic testing of a damaged post tensioned concrete beam

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Limongelli M.P.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper are reported the results of an experimental campaign carried out on a post tensioned concrete beam with the aim of investigating the possibility to detect early warning signs of deterioration basing on static and/or dynamic tests. The beam was tested in several configurations aimed to reproduce several different phases of the ‘life’ of the beam: the original undamaged state, increasing loss of tension in the post tensioning cables, a strengthening intervention carried out by means of a second tension cable, formation of further cracks on the strengthened beam. Responses of the beam were measured by an extensive set of instruments consisting of accelerometers, inclinometers, displacement transducers, strain gauges and optical fibres. The paper discusses the tests program and the dynamic characterization of the beam in the different damage scenarios. The modal properties of the beam in the different phases were recovered basing on the responses recorded on the beam during sine-sweep and impact hammer tests. The variation of the first modal frequency was studied to investigate the sensitivity of this parameter to both the cracking of the concrete section and the tension in the cables and also to compare results given by different types of experimental tests.

Depression, automatic thoughts, alexithymia, and assertiveness in patients with tension-type headache.

Science.gov (United States)

Yücel, Basak; Kora, Kaan; Ozyalçín, Süleyman; Alçalar, Nilüfer; Ozdemir, Ozay; Yücel, Aysen

2002-03-01

The role of psychological factors related to headache has long been a focus of investigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate depression, automatic thoughts, alexithymia, and assertiveness in persons with tension-type headache and to compare the results with those from healthy controls. One hundred five subjects with tension-type headache (according to the criteria of the International Headache Society classification) and 70 controls were studied. The Beck Depression Inventory, Automatic Thoughts Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and Rathus Assertiveness Schedule were administered to both groups. Sociodemographic variables and headache features were evaluated via a semistructured scale. Compared with healthy controls, the subjects with headache had significantly higher scores on measures of depression, automatic thoughts, and alexithymia and lower scores on assertiveness. Subjects with chronic tension-type headache had higher depression and automatic thoughts scores than those with episodic tension-type headache. These findings suggested that persons with tension-type headache have high depression scores and also may have difficulty with expression of their emotions. Headache frequency appears to influence the likelihood of coexisting depression.

Needle Decompression of Tension Pneumothorax with Colorimetric Capnography.

Science.gov (United States)

Naik, Nimesh D; Hernandez, Matthew C; Anderson, Jeff R; Ross, Erika K; Zielinski, Martin D; Aho, Johnathon M

2017-11-01

The success of needle decompression for tension pneumothorax is variable, and there are no objective measures assessing effective decompression. Colorimetric capnography, which detects carbon dioxide present within the pleural space, may serve as a simple test to assess effective needle decompression. Three swine underwent traumatically induced tension pneumothorax (standard of care, n = 15; standard of care with needle capnography, n = 15). Needle thoracostomy was performed with an 8-cm angiocatheter. Similarly, decompression was performed with the addition of colorimetric capnography. Subjective operator assessment of decompression was recorded and compared with true decompression, using thoracoscopic visualization for both techniques. Areas under receiver operating curves were calculated and pairwise comparison was performed to assess statistical significance (P pneumothorax, that is, the absence of any pathologic/space-occupying lesion, in 100% of cases (10 of 10 attempts). Standard of care needle decompression was detected by operators in 9 of 15 attempts (60%) and was detected in 3 of 10 attempts when tension pneumothorax was not present (30%). True decompression, under direct visualization with thoracoscopy, occurred 15 of 15 times (100%) with capnography, and 12 of 15 times (80%) without capnography. Areas under receiver operating curves were 0.65 for standard of care and 1.0 for needle capnography (P = .002). Needle decompression with colorimetric capnography provides a rapid, effective, and highly accurate method for eliminating operator bias for tension pneumothorax decompression. This may be useful for the treatment of this life-threatening condition. Copyright © 2017 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Superdualities, brane tensions and massive IIA/IIB duality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lavrinenko, I.V.; Lue, H.; Pope, C.N.; Stelle, K.S.

1999-01-01

The gauge transformations of p-form fields in supergravity theories acquire a non-commuting character when one introduces potentials both for the theory's original field strengths and for their duals. This has previously been shown in the 'doubled' formalism for maximal supergravities, where a generalised duality relation between original and dual field strengths replaces the equations of motion. In the doubled formalism, the gauge transformations generate a superalgebra, and the corresponding symmetries have accordingly been called 'superdualities'. The corresponding Noether charges form a representation of the cohomology ring on the space-time manifold. In this paper, we show that the gauge symmetry superalgebra implies certain non-trivial relations among the various p-brane tensions, which can straightforwardly be read off from the superalgebra commutation relations. This provides an elegant derivation of the brane-tension relations purely within a given theory, without the need to make use of duality relations between different theories, such as the type IIA/IIB T-duality, although the results are consistent with such dualities. We present the complete set of brane-tension relations in M-theory, in the type IIA and type IIB theories, and in all the lower-dimensional maximal supergravities. We also construct a doubled formalism for massive type IIA supergravity, and this enables us to obtain the brane-tension relations involving the D8-brane, purely within the framework of the massive IIA theory. We also obtain explicit transformations for the nine-dimensional T-duality between the massive type IIA theory and the Scherk-Schwarz reduced type IIB theory

Una vida con una válvula: vivencias de una joven operada de corazón

OpenAIRE

María Correa Rodríguez; José Antonio Gutiérrez Romero; Juan Manuel Martínez Guerrero

2013-01-01

La informante del relato es una joven que tuvo que ser sometida a una intervención quirúrgica a corazón abierto. Este relato biográfico presenta sus vivencias, sentimientos y experiencias a lo largo del proceso, abarcando desde sus estancias hospitalarias, manejo de la enfermedad y situación actual. El objetivo del relato es describir el significado las experiencias relacionadas con la enfermedad que ha desarrollado la joven en las distintas etapas de su vida. Es una historia marcada por el e...

The Tension-Stiffening Contribution of NSM CFRP to the Behavior of Strengthened RC Beams

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ahmad Azim Shukri

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Tension stiffening is a characteristic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC beams which is directly affected by the bond-slip property of steel bar and concrete interfaces. A beam strengthened with a near-surface mounted (NSM technique would be even more affected by tension stiffening, as the NSM reinforcement also possess a bond-slip property. Yet assessing how much the tension stiffening of NSM contributes to the behavior of RC beams is difficult due to the fact that bond-slip effects cannot be directly incorporated into a strain-based moment-curvature analysis. As such, the tension stiffening is typically incorporated through various empirical formulations, which can require a great deal of testing and calibrations to be done. In this paper a relatively new method, which can be called the mechanics-based segmental approach, is used to directly simulate the tension stiffening effect of NSM reinforcements on RC beams, without the need for empirical formulations to indirectly simulate the tension stiffening. Analysis shows that the tension stiffening of NSM fiber reinforced polymer (FRP contributes a significant portion to the stiffness and strength of the strengthened RC beam not only during serviceability, but at all load levels.

The Tension-Stiffening Contribution of NSM CFRP to the Behavior of Strengthened RC Beams.

Science.gov (United States)

Shukri, Ahmad Azim; Darain, Kh Mahfuz Ud; Jumaat, Mohd Zamin

2015-07-08

Tension stiffening is a characteristic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams which is directly affected by the bond-slip property of steel bar and concrete interfaces. A beam strengthened with a near-surface mounted (NSM) technique would be even more affected by tension stiffening, as the NSM reinforcement also possess a bond-slip property. Yet assessing how much the tension stiffening of NSM contributes to the behavior of RC beams is difficult due to the fact that bond-slip effects cannot be directly incorporated into a strain-based moment-curvature analysis. As such, the tension stiffening is typically incorporated through various empirical formulations, which can require a great deal of testing and calibrations to be done. In this paper a relatively new method, which can be called the mechanics-based segmental approach, is used to directly simulate the tension stiffening effect of NSM reinforcements on RC beams, without the need for empirical formulations to indirectly simulate the tension stiffening. Analysis shows that the tension stiffening of NSM fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) contributes a significant portion to the stiffness and strength of the strengthened RC beam not only during serviceability, but at all load levels.

Normal tension glaucoma and Alzheimer disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bach-Holm, Daniella; Kessing, Svend Vedel; Mogensen, Ulla Brasch

2012-01-01

Purpose: To investigate whether normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is associated with increased risk of developing dementia/Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: A total of 69 patients with NTG were identified in the case note files in the Glaucoma Clinic, University Hospital of Copenhagen (Rigshospitalet...

Tension-induced vesicle fusion: pathways and pore dynamics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Shillcock, Julian C.

2008-01-01

and eventually opens a pore to complete the fusion process. In pathway II, at higher tension, a stalk is formed during the fusion process that is then transformed by transmembrane pore formation into a fusion pore. Whereas the latter pathway II resembles stalk pathways as observed in other simulation studies......, fusion pathway I, which does not involve any stalk formation, has not been described previously to the best of our knowledge. A statistical analysis of the various processes shows that fusion is the dominant pathway for releasing the tension of the vesicles. The functional dependence of the observed...

Numerical tension adjustment of x-ray membrane to represent goat skin kompang

Science.gov (United States)

Siswanto, Waluyo Adi; Abdullah, Muhammad Syiddiq Bin

2017-04-01

This paper presents a numerical membrane model of traditional musical instrument kompang that will be used to find the parameter of membrane tension of x-ray membrane representing the classical goat-skin membrane of kompang. In this study, the experiment towards the kompang is first conducted in an acoustical anechoic enclosure and in parallel a mathematical model of the kompang membrane is developed to simulate the vibration of the kompang membrane in polar coordinate by implementing Fourier-Bessel wave function. The wave equation in polar direction in mode 0,1 is applied to provide the corresponding natural frequencies of the circular membrane. The value of initial and boundary conditions in the function is determined from experiment to allow the correct development of numerical equation. The numerical mathematical model is coded in SMath for the accurate numerical analysis as well as the plotting tool. Two kompang membrane cases with different membrane materials, i.e. goat skin and x-ray film membranes with fixed radius of 0.1 m are used in the experiment. An alternative of kompang's membrane made of x-ray film with the appropriate tension setting can be used to represent the sound of traditional goat-skin kompang. The tension setting of the membrane to resemble the goat-skin is 24N. An effective numerical tool has been develop to help kompang maker to set the tension of x-ray membrane. In the future application, any tradional kompang with different size can be replaced by another membrane material if the tension is set to the correct tension value. The developed numerical tool is useful and handy to calculate the tension of the alternative membrane material.

UNA ESCUELA RURAL EN TRANSFORMACIÓN: DE UNA CIUDADANÍA LOCAL A UNA CIUDADANÍA GLOBAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laura Rayón Rumayor

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A continuación presentamos parte de los resultados obtenidos en una investigación colaborativa,desarrollada en una escuela de una localidad rural de la provincia de Guadalajara. El estudio se ha centrado en comprender cómo viven y experimentan la convivencia escolar profesoradoyalumnado, y cuáles son las creencias de las familias sobre ésta. Mediante un diseño de investigación que se gesta en sus inicios con una acción de transformación y mejora, se va construyendo un relato de la vida escolar que tiene en cuenta al alumnado como sujeto escolary sujeto social.Tras una breve presentación de cuándo y cómo se gesta el estudio, exponemos los referentes teóricos y algunos rasgos importantes en relación con el contexto en el que está inserta la escuelaPosteriormente, abordamos el proceso metodológico seguido, resaltando los aspectos críticos quedan muestras de la fecundidad y el enriquecimiento que la investigación colaborativa tiene para la construcción de un conocimiento intersubjetivo y contrastado de la convivencia en la escuela. A continuación presentamos los resultados obtenidos y los sometemos a discusión, valorando surelevancia en relación con las ideas y planteamientos de otros autores. Terminamos con unas conclusiones en las que señalamos las ideas más relevantes extraídas del estudio.

Nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete beam with/without tension stiffening effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dede, T.; Ayvaz, Y.

2009-01-01

The aim of this paper is to do materially nonlinear failure analysis of RC beam by using finite element method. In the finite element modeling, two different approaches and different tension stress-strain models with/without tension stiffening effect are used by considering two different mesh sizes. In the first approach, the material matrices of concrete and reinforcement are constructed separately, and then superimposed to obtain the element stiffness matrix. In the second approach, the reinforcement is assumed to be uniformly distributed throughout the beam. So, the beam is modeled as a single composite element with increasing the modulus of elasticity of concrete by considering the reinforcement ratio. For these two approaches, elastic-perfectly plastic stress-strain relationship is used for concrete in compression. For the concrete in tension, a stress-strain relationship with/without tension stiffening is used. It is concluded that the approaches and the models considered in this study can be effectively used in the materially nonlinear analysis of RC beams.

Membrane tension controls adhesion positioning at the leading edge of cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Pontes, Bruno; Monzo, Pascale; Gole, Laurent; Le Roux, Anabel-Lise; Kosmalska, Anita Joanna; Tam, Zhi Yang; Luo, Weiwei; Kan, Sophie; Viasnoff, Virgile; Roca-Cusachs, Pere; Tucker-Kellogg, Lisa; Gauthier, Nils C

2017-09-04

Cell migration is dependent on adhesion dynamics and actin cytoskeleton remodeling at the leading edge. These events may be physically constrained by the plasma membrane. Here, we show that the mechanical signal produced by an increase in plasma membrane tension triggers the positioning of new rows of adhesions at the leading edge. During protrusion, as membrane tension increases, velocity slows, and the lamellipodium buckles upward in a myosin II-independent manner. The buckling occurs between the front of the lamellipodium, where nascent adhesions are positioned in rows, and the base of the lamellipodium, where a vinculin-dependent clutch couples actin to previously positioned adhesions. As membrane tension decreases, protrusion resumes and buckling disappears, until the next cycle. We propose that the mechanical signal of membrane tension exerts upstream control in mechanotransduction by periodically compressing and relaxing the lamellipodium, leading to the positioning of adhesions at the leading edge of cells. © 2017 Pontes et al.

Evaluation on Dorsey Method in Surface Tension Measurement of Solder Liquids Containing Surfactants

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Xingke; Xie, Feiming; Fan, Jinsheng; Liu, Dayong; Huang, Jihua; Chen, Shuhai

2018-06-01

With the purpose of developing a feasible approach for measuring the surface tension of solders containing surfactants, the surface tension of Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu-xP solder alloys, with various drop sizes as well as different phosphorus (P) content, was evaluated using the Dorsey method based on the sessile drop test. The results show that the accuracy of the surface tension calculations depends on both of sessile drop size and the liquid metal composition. With a proper drop size, in the range of 4.5 mm to 5.3 mm in equivalent spherical diameters, the deviation of the surface tension calculation can be limited to 1.43 mN·m-1 and 6.30 mN·m-1 for SnAgCu and SnAgCu-P, respectively. The surface tension of SnAgCu-xP solder alloys decreases quickly to a minimum value when the P content reaches 0.5 wt% and subsequently increases slowly with the P content further increasing. The formation of a P-enriched surface layer and Sn4P3 intermetallic phases is regarded to be responsible for the decreasing and subsequent increasing of surface tension, respectively.

Inflation and late-time acceleration in braneworld cosmological models with varying brane tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wong, K.C.; Cheng, K.S.; Harko, T.

2010-01-01

Braneworld models with variable brane tension λ introduce a new degree of freedom that allows for evolving gravitational and cosmological constants, the latter being a natural candidate for dark energy. We consider a thermodynamic interpretation of the varying brane tension models, by showing that the field equations with variable λ can be interpreted as describing matter creation in a cosmological framework. The particle creation rate is determined by the variation rate of the brane tension, as well as by the brane-bulk energy-matter transfer rate. We investigate the effect of a variable brane tension on the cosmological evolution of the Universe, in the framework of a particular model in which the brane tension is an exponentially dependent function of the scale factor. The resulting cosmology shows the presence of an initial inflationary expansion, followed by a decelerating phase, and by a smooth transition towards a late accelerated de Sitter type expansion. The varying brane tension is also responsible for the generation of the matter in the Universe (reheating period). The physical constraints on the model parameters, resulting from the observational cosmological data, are also investigated. (orig.)

Fiddler on the tree--a bush-cricket species with unusual stridulatory organs and song.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Klaus-Gerhard Heller

Full Text Available Insects of the order Orthoptera are well-known for their acoustic communication. The structures used for this purpose show a high diversity which obviously relates to differences in song parameters and to the physics of sound production. Here we describe song and morphology of the sound producing organs of a tropical bush-cricket, Ectomoptera nepicauda, from East Africa. It has a very unusual calling song consisting of frequency-modulated, pure-tone sounds in the high ultrasonic range of 80 to 120 kHz and produced by extremely fast wing movements. Concerning morphology, it represents the most extreme state in the degree of left-right fore-wing differentiation found among Orthoptera: the acoustic parts of the left fore-wing consist exclusively of the stridulatory file, comparable in function to the bow of a violin, while the right wing carries only the plectrum ( =  string and mirror ( =  soundbox.

Field Evaluation of the System Identification Approach for Tension Estimation of External Tendons

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Myung-Hyun Noh

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Various types of external tendons are considered to verify the applicability of tension estimation method based on the finite element model with system identification technique. The proposed method is applied to estimate the tension of benchmark numerical example, model structure, and field structure. The numerical and experimental results show that the existing methods such as taut string theory and linear regression method show large error in the estimated tension when the condition of external tendon is different with the basic assumption used during the derivation of relationship between tension and natural frequency. However, the proposed method gives reasonable results for all of the considered external tendons in this study. Furthermore, the proposed method can evaluate the accuracy of estimated tension indirectly by comparing the measured and calculated natural frequencies. Therefore, the proposed method can be effectively used for field application of various types of external tendons.