Guidebook for introducing the photovoltaic power generation; Taiyoko hatsuden donyu guidebook

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-08-01

Recently the number of installation of the photovoltaic power system has been increasing. At present, the estimated introduction amount is 70,000-80,000 kW, which is still big in difference with the targeted introduction value. As seen in the increase in the number of installation, the trend toward the introduction is increasing, but there are left problems on the introduction such as 'the cost is high,' 'the information on the installation has not been well known.' Also in future, it is necessary to further promote the installation, tackling factors to hinder the introduction and making efforts to prepare for the introduction environment. In consideration of such background, in this guidebook, the items required when local governmental organizations, business operators, etc. study the introduction of photovoltaic power system were arranged. Also arranged were the outline and introduction samples of photovoltaic power system, general information on the introduction of the subsidy system, etc., procedures of planning/design, how to concretely introduce the related rules, various procedures to be taken, etc. For reference, the guidebook includes drawings of samples, data on the test field projects which have been carried out so far, data on solar radiation, etc. It is expected that the guidebook will be a help to the understanding of the photovoltaic power generation and will connect to further promotion of the introduction. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 report on data of international joint demonstrative development of photovoltaic power generation system. Demonstrative research on photovoltaic power generation system interconnection system (Myanmar); 2000 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system kokusai kyodo jissho kaihatsu hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden keito renkei system jissho kenkyu (Myanmar) - shiryohen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper describes the fiscal 2000 report on research data of joint demonstrative development with Myanmar concerning photovoltaic power generation system interconnection system. The purpose is an operation research in the case where a small-scale electric power generation system in an remote island or the like in Japan is linked with a severely output-fluctuating power generation system using energy of nature such as photovoltaic and wind power generation. In particular, among the system control (demand side management) methods by adjustment from a loading side, ballast load control was employed that adjustably operates load of an ice machine for example. As the contents of the data, the quantity of solar radiation and wind velocity at the Chaungthar site were shown as meteorological observation data. In addition, a graph was made on the meteorological observation data at the Chaungthar and Letkhokekone sites. The paper also explains the final explanatory data for selecting the sites in implementing the demonstrative research. As to the operation method of the hybrid power generation system, assumption was made for the daytime load in four cases from 50% (30kW) to 0% (0kW) of the nighttime. Storage batteries and diesel generators were installed and used in combination. Simulation results were also presented. (NEDO)

Research on PV system application on residences. Part 1. Report on the systems and PV measurement results of an experimental passive solar house; Taiyoko hatsuden system no jutaku eno oyo ni kansuru kenkyu. 1. Taisho tatemono taiyo to taiyoko hatsuden system keisoku kekka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishihara, O.; Sakai, K.; Hirakawa, M. [Kumamoto University, Kumamoto (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1997-11-25

System of the house is outlined, and warming performance and photovoltaic power generation system energy performance are taken up. It is a one-storied meeting hall situated in an apartment area, whose heat loss factor is 2.59kcal/m2hdegC. Ninety hybrid solar cells provided with circulating air heat collectors are installed on the east-side of the roof, interconnected to the commercial power system. In the daytime in summer, the house is fully insulated from solar radiation, with the room temperature kept a little lower than the open air temperature. The range of daily change in the room temperature is narrow, providing a comfortable residential space. When the windows are opened in the evening, cool air comes into the room to replace the warm air inside, reducing the difference in temperature between the inside and outside of the room. In winter, insolation time is short on the east side of the roof which finds itself out of the sun. Under the circumstances, the system outputs but a little and the quantity sold is quite small in winter. But, in summer, sale of power can be practicable, thanks to exposure to sufficient sunshine. The inverter rated at 3.5kW attains a 90% or higher operating rate in the presence of an input of power of 0.5kW or more. 4 refs., 10 figs.

Arrangement of technical information on photovoltaic power generation systems; Taiyoko hatsuden system kanren gijutsu joho no seibi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

In order to effectively contribute to the development of the technology required to put them to practical use, technical information on photovoltaic power generation systems, such as the results of overseas and domestic research and development work, which have been obtained by NEDO, were collected, categorized, sorted, and processed to make a data base. This report presents the details of the project for fiscal 1995. Papers from the 10th ECPVSEC held at Lisbon, Portugal in April 1991 and the 6th PVSEC held at New Delhi, India in February 1992, and papers published by NEDO were investigated and arranged. The total number of the papers processed in 1995 is 424 from two international conferences, and 176 from NEDO. The implementation steps consist of the collection of overseas and domestic research reports and other documents, the preparation of summaries of research results reported in those documents, the preparation of brief summaries of data obtained from the results of experiments including numerical data, and the sort and processing of them by research area, material used to fabricate photovoltaic cells, etc. The results of the above work are stored on 3.5 inch floppy disks as MS-DOS text data. The report also provides the general publication through the Internet. 7 tabs.

Energy saving house utilizing photovoltaic system. 3; Taiyoko hatsuden wo donyushita sho energy jutaku. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Itsumi, J. [Kumamoto Institute of Technology, Kumamoto (Japan)

1997-11-25

Various measurements are conducted in an energy-efficient house equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system and actually lived in by people, and matching between the household load and photovoltaic power generation, and the consumption of power, are examined. As the result investigation of power consumption in the house, it is found that 13.31kWh is consumed in the daytime in winter, and 14.15kWh in summer. Thirty-two 153W modules are used, and they produce 12.74kWh in four hours on a fine summer day, which amount nearly satisfies the demand of the household. As for the records during a year beginning in May, 1996, it is found that an annual amount of 4326kWh was generated, with 68% being surplus and 32% consumed for the household. Details of the household consumption were that 49.2% was consumed for house heating and cooling and 34.1% for cooking, the two in total occupying more than 80% of the whole household consumption. Energy-saving behavior is evaluated by comparing the energy-efficient house with some ordinary residential houses in Kumamoto City, and it is found that there is a yearly difference of 104,310 yen in electricity bill or 47% in energy saving effect. 5 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.

Accident and everyday use for small PV power supply system. 2; Saigaiji ken`yo kogata taiyoko hatsuden system. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yokoyama, S.; Sano, N.; Itsumi, J. [Kumamoto Institute of Technology, Kumamoto (Japan)

1997-11-25

Study is under way for the development of a small power source system capable of supplying power to public facilities and home appliances at normal times and capable of turning immediately into a self-sustained power source in case of emergency. This study discusses a power source that is a combination of solar cell modules and a storage battery, which is subjected to analysis for its match with a light or a data-processing computer imposed as a load on the power source. In the experiment, the power source consists of solar cell modules and a rectangular wave inverter. The battery is a 12V/28Ah automotive battery, the solar cells are two 75W (17V/4.4A) modules, and the load is a fluorescent lamp, fan, electric bulb, or a computer. It is found that the system can operate near the maximum power point of the solar cell modules when the load is light and that the system still works on even when the load consumes more than what the solar cells module produce, this thanks to the battery serving as a backup. In the future, a test-dedicated small power source now under construction will be put to continuous operation for further study. 4 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use - international joint demonstration and development of photovoltaic power generation systems (Demonstrative research on photovoltaic power and micro hydraulic power hybrid system); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system kokusai kyodo jissho kaihatsu (taiyoko micro suiryoku hybrid system jissho kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A photovoltaic (PV) power plant is compounded with a micro hydroelectric (MH) power plant in Vietnam, who has a dry season and a rainy season, to structure a stabilized power supply system to compensate drawbacks of the respective systems. Full load operation is being performed to advance the development of technologies to optimize and improve the performance and reliability of the system. The works include (1) site surveys, and decision on a location to execute the demonstration research, (2) design of the system, and design and fabrication of devices, and (3) the building construction thereof. In Item (1), the location was decided at Trang Village, Vietnam from such installing conditions as annual average insolation, water channels for wheel turbines, energy complementing relations, load demand amount, and difficulty of installation. In Item (2), the system consists of PV:100 kW/MH:25 kW/control system, wherein the MH is an inductive generator. The Main devices include generators, batteries, inverters, system control panels, and a meteorological data recording device. In Item (3) land survey and development were completed. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 Sunshine Program on development of practical application technologies for photovoltaic power systems. Development of photovoltaic demonstration systems (Research and development of systems for factories); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden demonstration system kaihatsu (kojoyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

In the effort at constituting an optimum system, a 2kwp mini-system is completed after designing and introducing an array output measuring unit, DC control unit, dummy loads, etc. The system is actually operated for collecting various data, and commercial noise, transmission line safety, surplus power utilization, solar cell utilization rate, efficiency of various kinds, etc., are subjected to analysis. The basic designs of measuring instruments for a 100kwp full-scale system are also examined. In relation with the manufacture, testing, and arrangement of solar cell arrays, a large solar simulator is designed and introduced for the measurement of module photoelectric characteristics. Using this simulator, continuous irradiation is performed by a 1kW/m{sup 2} light beam of a spectral distribution of AM (air mass) 1.5. A CZ (Czochralski) single crystal, EFG (edge defined film bed growth method) ribbon, and a small CdS/CdTe solar cell module are installed, through the use of which operating characteristics are determined for comparative study. A DC control unit is designed and built, composed of a rectifying device for the dissolution of noise that greatly affects measurement for the mini-system, DC-AC-DC converter, and a remote control console. (NEDO)

Demonstrative study for the wind and solar hybrid power system. 2; Furyoku taiyoko hybrid hatsuden system ni kansuru jissho kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kimura, Y; Sakuma, H; Ushiyama, I [Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Tochigi (Japan)

1996-10-27

In order to verify the complementary relationship between wind and solar energy, the long-term field test of the hybrid power system was conducted at the natural energy square of Ashikaga Institute of Technology. The solar cell blade windmill composed of a Savonius windmill and flexible solar cells applied to swept buckets was also prepared. As a result, the wind power generation was promising mainly in the winter period including the late fall and early spring, while solar one was stable all the year through although it was slightly poor in winter. Stable power generation was thus achieved by combining wind energy with solar energy. As the whole data of other wind and solar power generation systems at the square were analyzed for every month, the same conclusion as the solar cell blade windmill was obtained as follows: the wind power generation in Ashikaga area is promising in Nov.-March from the field test result for 16 months, solar power generation is stable all the year through, the hybrid power system is effective in Nov.-April, and the solar cell blade windmill is equivalent to the hybrid power system. 3 refs., 5 figs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of technology for commercialization of the photovoltaic power system - R and D of evaluation technology of the photovoltaic power system. Separate volume. R and D of the system evaluation technology (Data book on the photovoltaic power system); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu - System hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (Bessatsu : Taiyoko hatsuden system data shu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the optimum design and optimum operation technology of various kinds of photovoltaic power system, data were collected to make a data book on various kinds of photovoltaic power system of which the future commercialization is expected. Included in this data book were the monthly report on operation data on demonstrative test facilities at the Hamamatsu site of JQA (Japan Quality Assurance Organization), daily graph of insolation/temperature, monthly graph of wind direction/wind velocity. Further, as the data on the residential use photovoltaic power system, data on the following were summed up: information on the site of installation of the residential use photovoltaic power system (photo information, the state of installation such as sites installed more in FY 2000, drawings of module arrangement and measuring point layout, etc.), daily report on operation (graph of daily trends, daily report by site, hourly report by site, daily report on all sites, hourly report on all sites), operation data and performance indices, list of troubles arising in the residential use photovoltaic power system, other system information about residential use measuring data, power generation characteristics and {alpha}{sub pmax} of residential use solar cell modules, etc. (NEDO)

Application of photovoltaic generating system to electric power in large ship; Taiyoko hatsuden system no ogata senpaku eno oyo ni kansuru kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Katagi, T; Ogawa, S; Nishikawa, E; Hashimoto, T [Kobe University of Mercantile Marine, Kobe (Japan); Ishida, K

1996-10-27

This paper describes the design of electric power system in a ship with photovoltaic power generating system, to examine applicability of the photovoltaic power generating system to the inboard power source. It also discusses effectiveness of the system for sea environment. At first, the actual route of a car carrier, meteorological data, and quantity of power consumption were picked up from the deck logbook and engine logbook. Then, the installation area of photovoltaic arrays, the quantity of photovoltaic power generation derived from the quantity of solar radiation, and the capacities of batteries and inverters were calculated, to design the electric power system in the ship with photovoltaic power generation system. Moreover, the NOx and SOx emissions were compared between the present power system and the usual power system using diesel power generator, to discuss the effectiveness of the present system for sea environment. Consequently, it was found that the emission of NOx was reduced by about 33% and the emission of SOx was reduced by about 28% compared to the usual power system. The effectiveness for sea environment was confirmed. 9 refs., 5 figs., 4 tabs.

Examination of optimal data acquisition for evaluation of PV systems; Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka no tame no saiteki keisoku shuho no kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sugiyama, H; Kurokawa, K [Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan); Otani, K; Tsuda, I [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1996-10-27

A 70 kW-class photovoltaic (PV) power generation system of the Tsukuba Research Cooperation Center, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology was evaluated using hourly measurement data. Hourly solar irradiation, mean PV module temperature, hourly array generated power, hourly PV system generated power were selected as the measurement items, to examine the validity of measurement method. Furthermore, based on these measurement data, the loss factors were estimated, which reduce the system efficiency. They included the losses due to the shadow effect, the deterioration of module efficiency with the raise of temperature, the mismatch of tracking control of the maximum power point, and the reduction of inverter efficiency with the input power phenomena. To estimate these loss factors from hourly measurement data, the system was evaluated by defining characteristic parameters. As a result, it was found that the main factors were the shadow effect and the mismatch loss, which reduce the mean annual output factor of the system to 65%. 3 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Research and development of photovoltaic system evaluation technology (Research and development of system evaluation technology); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In relation with several types of standard photovoltaic power generation systems expected to be put to practical use, design parameters are quantified, databases are utilized, and simulation technologies are developed, while collecting data from test facilities constructed to simulate them, for the development of evaluation techniques indispensable for the efficient improvement of photovoltaic power generation systems. In fiscal 1998, data were collected from verification test facilities and residential photovoltaic systems sited across Japan. The collected data were subjected to analysis and simulation, by which correction factors were calculated for smudge, spectral response, incident radiation, and temperature. Furthermore, load matching factors and storage battery contribution rates were calculated by simulation for the stand-alone photovoltaic systems sited in five Japanese cities, each comprising an array, storage battery, charge/discharge controller, DC-DC converter, and a load. Reference is also made to a survey of trends of technology development. (NEDO)

Sunshine Program-assisted project achievement report for fiscal 1981 on the development of technologies for photovoltaic power system practical application. Development of photovoltaic power generation demonstration system (Research and development for schoolhouses); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden demonstration system kaihatsu (gakkoyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

Power generated by solar cells complying with NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) specifications is stored in a storage battery or is converted into AC power in a DC-AC converter for interconnection with a commercial power system, and then supplied to loads in schoolhouses. The system operates independently when the commercial power system is out. Basic plans and primary specifications had been determined, basic modules experimentally built, tested, and part of their details designed, all these up to fiscal 1980. In fiscal 1981, system design details are drawn, housetops are examined for installation, and problems that may entail installation are checked. A system data accumulation unit comes into operation for data collection. A system simulator is developed and constructed and the solar cell is checked for performance. Model arrays are built and subjected to a combination tests, when the effect of shade is also investigated. A charge control unit, high-efficiency GTO (gate turned-off) thyristor DC-AC converter, and a protection circuit in preparation for interconnection are developed, and experimentally constructed. In fiscal 1982, 20kW solar cells will be installed and schoolhouse systems will come into service operation. (NEDO)

Analysis and evaluation for practical application of photovoltaic power generation system. Analysis and evaluation of peripheral technology for photovoltaic power system (analysis and evaluation on photovoltaic systems); Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka. Shuhen gijutsu kaihatsu no tame no kaiseki hyoka (taiyoko hatsuden system shingata chikudenchi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kurokawa, K; Endo, E; Tsuda, I; Nakamura, K; Sugiyama, Y; Nakazawa, S; Takaku, K; Yanagisawa, T; Kojima, T; Shimizu, K; Koyanagi, T; Onda, N; Nozaki, K; Negishi, A; Kaneko, Y [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for analysis and evaluation of new storage batteries for photovoltaic power systems. Quantitative analysis and evaluation are made for introduction of intermittent operational mode in the conventional power supply system in which electrolyte units are connected in parallel and for improved performance by bubbles flowing into the line that supplies the electrolyte to the stack, in order to establish the configurations of and operational procedures for the redox flow batteries. The study on development of redox battery compares the Pb-Sn alloy felt collector with carbon fiber, Pb-Sb alloy felt and the lattice for the conventional lead acid battery, in order to optimize the new lead felt battery. As a result, it is found that the Pb-Sn alloy felt collector is better than any other device tested, because of its higher freedom with respect to electrode shape and battery size. The study on reliability evaluation of amorphous solar cells tests photoelectric conversion efficiency of a-Si solar cells, in order to elucidate the phenomena where degradation and rejuvenation compete with each other under weak light irradiation conditions. 8 figs., 1 tab.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use - Research and development of solar beam power generation and utilization systems and ancillary technologies (Investigations and researches on evaluations of photovoltaic power generation); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (taiyoko hatsuden hyoka no chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Values given to global environment and economy by utilization of photovoltaic power generation are evaluated, and quantified to make clear the significance of the utilization thereof. Specifically, trial calculations were performed on LCA and damaging characteristics of photovoltaic systems, and reducible amount of carbon dioxide emission. Taking up thin film CdTe cells as the object, estimation was made on the energy payback time (EPT) and CO2 emission amount. The production scale ranges over 10 MW/ 30 MW/ 100 MW annually, the useful life is 20 years, and the unit requirement for CO2 emission originated from the charged electric power is 114 g-C/kWh. The EPT was 1.74 in the annual production of 10 MWp, 1.08 in 100 MWp, the unit requirement for CO2 emission was 14.0 in the annual production of 10 MWp, and 8.9 in 100 MWp. This is one of severals of that in the existing power supply source. For heavy metals, particularly Pb, the trial calculation resulted in 0.15 g/Wp in the crystalline type, and 0.1 g/Wp in the amorphous type. The problem therewith is separation and recovery. The reducible amount of carbon dioxide, or in other words, the amount of power that can be generated latently is 37,235 GWh/year, or 3.10 million tons when converted into carbon dioxide. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Research and development of photovoltaic power generation system evaluation technology (Research and development of system evaluation technology); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Research and development is conducted for the acquisition of a system evaluation technique for predicting the performance of standard photovoltaic power systems and evaluation technologies applicable to residential photovoltaic power systems different from each other in terms of tilt and direction, district, solar cell type, etc. In fiscal 1999, using data collected from the Hamamatsu field test facilities and residential photovoltaic power systems installed across Japan, various design parameters, such as the irregularity compensation coefficient, temperature compensation coefficient, and the incidence compensation coefficient were determined, and, using the parameters as the secondary estimation values, design parameters were updated. In the development of simulation technologies, basic studies were made about the shadow compensation coefficient, spectral response fluctuation compensation coefficient, and the composition of polyhedral arrays. Moreover, studies were made about the estimation of large area insolation, based on the horizontal surface insolation data collected at 21 sites of residential photovoltaic power systems in the Kanto district. (NEDO)

Improvement of adaptive fuzzy control for a photovoltaic/wind/diesel generating system; Taiyoko/furyoku/diesel hatsuden system no saitekigata fuzzy seigyo no kairyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagaike, H; Kenmoku, Y; Sakakibara, T [Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi (Japan); Nakagawa, S [Maizuru National College of Technology, Kyoto (Japan); Kawamoto, T [Shizuoka University, Shizuoka (Japan).Faculty of Engineering

1996-10-27

The photovoltaic/wind/diesel generating system that uses a storage battery as auxiliary power has been proposed to supply power from the system to the independent area. In this system, it is important to generate no insufficient power from the viewpoint of effective energy utilization and minimize the fuel consumption of a diesel generator. Authors have proposed the adaptive fuzzy control that changes the shape of the membership function of input variables according to the parameter indicating the system state. However, a parameter was rapidly changed in the conventional method. This badly influences the control. Therefore, the way to determine the parameter that indicates the state of this system was improved. Assume that an input value is set to the average value between a certain point of time and the {Delta}t time as the method for determining a parameter. If the {Delta}t value is lower, the change in a membership function is more effective. As a result, a greater fuel reduction effect was obtained. 4 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

FY 1998 Report on development of technologies for commercialization of photovoltaic power systems. International co-operative project (IEA implementing agreement for a co-operative programme on photovoltaic power systems); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo. IEA taiyoko hatsuden system kenkyu kyoryoku program jisshi kyotei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Described herein are outline of the International Energy Agency/Co-operative programme on Photovoltaic Power Systems (IEA/PVPS). Japan signed the IEA Implementing Agreement for a co-operative programme on Photovoltaic Power Systems in April 1993, and has been participating in the programme for research and development, demonstration, analysis, information exchange and introduction promotion, among others. This programme is managed by Executive Committee composed of the representatives, one nominated by each participating country, and each task is managed by each Operating Agency. There are 9 tasks (Tasks 1 to 9), and Executive Committee deliberates and approves the plans, and manages the progresses, budgetary plans and budgets for each task. IEA implementing agreement for a co-operative programme on PVPS, originally set effective for 5 years, has been extended for another 5 years to 2002, and the second phase activities have been started. The 9th to 11th Executive Committee meetings were held during the 1997-1998 period in Denmark, ROK, Spain, Austria and Australia, respectively. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technology to put photovoltaic power generation system into practical use. Demonstrative study on photovoltaic power generation system (Research on high-density linking technology); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system no jissho kenkyu (komitsudo renkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Taking a photovoltaic power generation system linked to distribution lines at high density as the object of discussion, investigative studies were performed on electric power quality, clarification of various problems including effects on operation and protection of distribution lines, the corrective measures thereof, and enhancement of power quality by utilizing inverters. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. In clarifying the problems associated with high-density linkage, discussions were given on possible amount of PV introduction into the distribution lines as seen from the electric performance aspect including power quality and safety. Placing the importance on identifying the current status of single operation preventing technologies, demonstrative discussions were given on the single operation preventing performance of commercially available inverters in testing 84 inverters operated in parallel by using the Rokko testing installation. In discussing the corrective measure technologies, development has been performed on a decentralized voltage stabilizing device based on injection of reactive power into high-voltage distribution lines as a measure to suppress voltage rise in the distribution lines. The reasonability of the fundamental characteristics thereof was verified by using the Akagi testing facilities. In addition, improved design was progressed on the two-step active prevention system. Commencement has taken place on verification of the reasonability of the fundamental characteristics and tests on parallel operation of multiple number of units. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the New Sunshine Project - Development of the commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. Verification study of the photovoltaic power system - Research on engineering methods for cost effective PV installation (Data book. Survey of examples of PV systems in the world); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system no jissho kenkyu (tashu secchi koho no kenkyu kaihatsu (bessatsu data shu sekai no taiyoko hatsuden system jirei chosa))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of promoting installations of PV system and making use of the unused space for which a rise in the PV demand equal to that in houses, building roofs, etc. is expected, examination/research for much newer forms of land installation are proceeded with, and evaluation/verification of reliability/durability are conducted of new installation processes using thin film solar cells, adhesives, etc. In this fiscal year, for the purpose of contributing to the study to be widely made on various installation processes, the actual survey was conducted of various applications of the system which are being planned and introduced in Japan and abroad. Emphasis was placed on making new forms of installation applicable to Japan clear. Concretely, in addition to the study of new examples, the following were conducted: renewal of existing details of the survey, and electronic filing of system block charts/pictures as a key to the information supply by electronic media such as CD-ROM. Also conducted was a study for translating the contents into English or writing them both in Japanese and English. Further, the database was made newer using these results of the most up-to-date survey, and at the same time, the results were indicated of the statistical analysis of the usage, system form, power generation scale and element equipment of various systems. (NEDO)

Preparation of the FY 1998 photovoltaic power system related technology information; 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system kanren gijutsu joho no seibi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The paper outlined the FY 1998 data preparation project on the photovoltaic power generation. In the field of solar cells and photovoltaic power system, a part of the 13th EUPVSEC data and the 25th IEEEPVSEC data are made database. As to the NEDO related papers, the papers made public in FY 1998 are made database. The number of the object papers totaled 982 including 943 in international conference relation and 39 in NEDO relation. The number of the papers included in 'photovoltaic power generation database (literature)' totaled 4010. Steps of database preparation are collection of the research papers/various reports made public in Japan and overseas, abstract making, preparation of the result data/experimental data, keyword supply, classification/adjustment, and description items. The FY 1998 is the fifth year from the start of this database, and the collected/adjusted technical information on solar cells is classified for analysis according to international conference, research institute, used material, research field, etc. (NEDO)

Preparation of the FY 1998 photovoltaic power system related technology information; 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system kanren gijutsu joho no seibi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The paper outlined the FY 1998 data preparation project on the photovoltaic power generation. In the field of solar cells and photovoltaic power system, a part of the 13th EUPVSEC data and the 25th IEEEPVSEC data are made database. As to the NEDO related papers, the papers made public in FY 1998 are made database. The number of the object papers totaled 982 including 943 in international conference relation and 39 in NEDO relation. The number of the papers included in 'photovoltaic power generation database (literature)' totaled 4010. Steps of database preparation are collection of the research papers/various reports made public in Japan and overseas, abstract making, preparation of the result data/experimental data, keyword supply, classification/adjustment, and description items. The FY 1998 is the fifth year from the start of this database, and the collected/adjusted technical information on solar cells is classified for analysis according to international conference, research institute, used material, research field, etc. (NEDO)

Empirical analysis of consumer decision making processes on setting up residential photovoltaic systems; Jutakuyo taiyoko hatsuden system no donyu ni kansuru ishiki bunseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iuchi, M; Okawara, T; Tsuchiya, T [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan); Konakayama, A [Tokai Univ., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-01

Inquiries are made to consumers (monitors) who own a photovoltaic power generation system at their houses, and their replies are analyzed for isolating the factors involving the purchase of this domestic power generating system. A large part of the monitors are 40-50 years old males in the relatively high income bracket. They are very interested in problems of global environments, resources, and energy, and are inclined to assume value-consciousness and life-style which encourage them to love health and nature, participation in social functions, and decision-making. The need for the protection of global environments occupies more than 90% of the reasons for their adoption of photovoltaic power generation. The monitors strongly feel, however, that they paid very much for the apparatus although they were granted some subsidies. As for motives for their acquisition of the system, their answers are categorized into four groups according to their responses as to whether (or not) they expect economic merits though dependent on future development and whether (or not) they accept the current energy policies. The result shows that some monitors think like average citizens. 17 refs., 22 figs., 11 tabs.

Load leveling by a battery system in an electric power system with a photovoltaic system; Taiyoko hatsuden system ga donyusareta denryoku keito no chikudenchi ni yoru fuka heijunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kenmoku, Y.; Sakakibara, T. [Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi (Japan); Nakagawa, S. [Maizuru College of Technology, Kyoto (Japan); Kawamoto, T. [Shizuoka University, Shizuoka (Japan)

1997-11-25

Storage battery-aided load leveling system is introduced into a power system having a photovoltaic power generation (PV) system, and the effect of the introduction is examined. For this purpose, the resultant improvement on the load factor and reduction in the annual cost are evaluated. Used as the load factor in the studies are the hourly records of power transmitted and received by Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., in 1995. The output of the PV system is calculated using weather data collected in Nagoya City in the same year. Findings as the result of the studies are stated below. The maximum power is suppressed but a little if it is only the PV system that is introduced into the system. That is, a 2GW PV system introduced into the system suppresses the maximum power only by 0.5GW or less. The maximum power is suppressed more effectively when a storage battery is added, and it decreases linearly with an increase in the storage battery capacity. As for reduction in the cost, the reducing effect is higher when the rate of storage battery capacity/introduced PV capacity is higher in the presence of an introduced PV capacity of 0.8GW or more. 2 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.

Economical effect of introducing a photovoltaic system on future electric power system; Shorai no denryoku keito eno taiyoko hatsuden system donyu ni yoru keizaiteki eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akata, N.; Kenmoku, Y.; Sakakibara, T. [Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi (Japan); Kawamoto, T. [Shizuoka University, Shizuoka (Japan); Nakagawa, S. [Maizuru National College of Technology, Kyoto (Japan)

1997-11-25

Economic impact of introduction in the future of photovoltaic power generation (PV) systems into the commercial power system is discussed from the electric utilities` point of view. In the discussion, future demand for power is predicted from the demand for power in the base year, and the optimum power source configuration corresponding to the future demand and power generation curve are worked out by use of linear programming. Then, the fixed cost and variable cost are calculated for each of the power source components, and then the expected reduction in cost per unit of power generated is calculated. As the power sources, the hydroelectric, pumped storage, oil-fired, coal-fired, LNG-fired, combined cycle, and atomic technologies are considered. The conclusion is stated below. Upon introduction of PV power equivalent to 10% of the maximum demand power, the maximum power in the service area of Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., will be reduced by 1.23GW in 2025, and the yearly demand power by 5472GWh. Since PV lowers the peak, an increased number of power sources low in variable cost will be used although such will be low in tracking capability. An increase in power demand will enhance the cost reducing effect of the PV system. 5 refs., 4 figs., 3 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 report on the international joint verification of photovoltaic power generation system. Verification of hybrid system comprising photovoltaic power generation system and micro-hydroelectric power generation systems; 2000 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system kokusai kyodo jissho kaihatsu hokokusho. Taiyoko micro suiryoku hybrid system jissho kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-06-01

Research was conducted in Vietnam for the development of a hybrid system comprising a photovoltaic power generation system and a micro-hydroelectric power generation system. In verification test operation, data measurement had been under way for approximately 18 months since it was started in September 1999. The rate of days on which effective data were obtained throughout this period was 93.4%. Power generated by the micro-hydroelectric power generation system was 19.4kWh/d with so small a capacity factor of 3.2%. The capacity factor of the photovoltaic power generation system was again very small at 4.5% since the amount consumed by the load was as small as 131.0kWh/d. Weather data of solar radiation and precipitation were being collected smoothly. In the study of hybrid system optimization, the effect of inductor generator activation upon the inverter was taken up. In the study of capacity balance optimization between the constituent elements of the hybrid system, methodology was established and verified, and calculations were carried out. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use. International cooperation projects (Collection of information on IEA photovoltaic power generation program); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyoko hatsuden program ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Items of information were collected on development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use, the international cooperation projects, and the IEA photovoltaic power generation program. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. In the activities of IEA/REWP/PVPS in the current fiscal year, the 13th and 14th Executive Committee meetings, and the 3rd Executive Conference were held. The Task 1 has performed such activities as ISR, NSR, Newsletters, and opening the Internet homepage. The Task 2 activities included structuring about 260 databases for the operation characteristics of photovoltaic power generation systems, and completing the internal material handbooks on measurement and monitoring. A new work plan was prepared for the Task 3 regarding an independent photovoltaic power generation plant for use in an island. For the building integrated photovoltaic power generation system in the Task 7, survey activities were executed by utilizing expertise conferences on building designs, system technologies, and non-technical impediments. In the feasibility survey and research on large-scale photovoltaic power generation utilizing unused land such as desert for the Task 8, the programs were established. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use - Demonstrative research on photovoltaic power generation system (Study on grid interconnection technique for dispersed photovoltaic systems under high-density connection); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system no jissho kenkyu (komitsudo renkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Interconnecting photovoltaic systems with power transmission systems under high density affects power quality, protection, maintenance and stability of the transmission lines. As measures to deal with this issue, investigations are being made on (1) elucidation of effects imposed on transmission lines, (2) establishment of countermeasure technologies, and (3) technological options leading to higher value addition. In Item (1), with an objective to identify the current status, evaluations were given on prevention of independent operation of commercially available inverters, and on their stabilizing performance against system fluctuation. The evaluations were performed by conducting a test for multiple unit operation in parallel and a single unit performance test. The test result indicated that, while the prevention performance can be satisfied, maloperation has occurred frequently due to the system fluctuation, and that voltage rise due to the inverter was suppressed effectively by using the simultaneous control of active and reactive powers. In Item (2), a demonstration test was launched on an inverter incorporating a new prevention device. The effective means to suppress voltage rise in the high-voltage power transmission lines is the discrete voltage suppression by controlling reactive power. In addition, a proposal was made on a new voltage and phase detection method that can be used at short circuit of the high-voltage transmission lines. In Item (3), having a photovoltaic system contain a small size batteries was found effective in suppressing the power generation output variation, and in smoothing the loads. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use (International cooperation project - collection of information on IEA photovoltaic power generation program); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyoko hatsuden program ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research and development, verification, analysis and information exchange have been performed based on the 'Treaty to Execute the Research and Cooperation Program on Photovoltaic Power Generation System'. The IEA/REWP/PVPS activities in fiscal 1999 include the participation to the two executive committee meetings (Valencia and Sydney), and the subcommittee activities. The subcommittee activities are as follows: Task I: information exchange on and proliferation of the photovoltaic power generation systems, Task II: operation performance and design of the photovoltaic power generation systems, Task III: design and operation of the independent type and the island use power plants, Task VII: Building integrated photovoltaic power generation systems, Task VI, Sub-task 5: investigations and researches on possibility for photovoltaic power generation systems utilizing unutilized lands including deserts, and Task IX: technical cooperation to expand photovoltaic power generation system markets. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use (International cooperation project - collection of information on IEA photovoltaic power generation program); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyoko hatsuden program ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research and development, verification, analysis and information exchange have been performed based on the 'Treaty to Execute the Research and Cooperation Program on Photovoltaic Power Generation System'. The IEA/REWP/PVPS activities in fiscal 1999 include the participation to the two executive committee meetings (Valencia and Sydney), and the subcommittee activities. The subcommittee activities are as follows: Task I: information exchange on and proliferation of the photovoltaic power generation systems, Task II: operation performance and design of the photovoltaic power generation systems, Task III: design and operation of the independent type and the island use power plants, Task VII: Building integrated photovoltaic power generation systems, Task VI, Sub-task 5: investigations and researches on possibility for photovoltaic power generation systems utilizing unutilized lands including deserts, and Task IX: technical cooperation to expand photovoltaic power generation system markets. (NEDO)

Starting and stopping control on power conditioner in photovoltaic power system; Taiyoko hatsuden system ni okeru power conditioner no kido teishi seigyo ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirose, M.; Ishihara, Y.; Todaka, T.; Harada, K. [Doshisha University, Kyoto (Japan); Oshiro, H.; Nakamura, H. [Japan Quality Assurance Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Studies are made about the control of the power conditioner over the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function in a photovoltaic power generation system. The analysis is conducted by means of computer simulation into the effect of a start/stop function added to the control of MPPT and the effect on the generation of power of the setting of parameters in the start/stop function. The reduction in output power due to difference between the actual operation point and the optimum operation point is evaluated by use of a load matching correction factor. In this simulation, it is assumed that the solar cell array consists of 13 rows in 5 parallel columns, is capable of a normal output of 3.149kW, has a panel tilted at 30 degrees, and faces due south. The power conditioner is assumed to be a system rated at 3kVA, equipped with system interconnection and back flow features. As a result, it is learned that the stop voltage should be set at 180V or lower and the steady voltage near 185.5V for a good result and that there is not much need after all for the start/stop technique. 2 refs., 8 figs., 2 tabs.

Generation characteristics of photovoltaic power generation equipment at TEPCO R and D center; Gijutsu kaihatsu center taiyoko hatsuden setsubi no hatsuden tokusei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amano, K; Natori, K [Tokyo Electric Power Co. Inc., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Solar battery arrays are installed at different tilt angles for actual measurement in an experiment conducted by TEPCO (Tokyo Electric Power Company, Inc.) Research and Development Center for the examination of their power generation characteristics. Arrays of polycrystalline silicon solar battery modules are positioned facing a direction +7 degrees swung from the south on the Center rooftop and verandah, and they are installed at tilt angles of 0, 30, 60, and 90 degrees. An analysis of system characteristics is conducted, and findings mentioned below are obtained. In fiscal 1996, the highest utilization factor of a yearly average of 11.3% is attained with the ones tilted at 30 degrees. As for the utilization factors at the other angles, they are 10.2% at 60 degrees, 8.8% at 0 degrees, and 8.0% at 90 degrees. The integrated design coefficient remains approximately constant irrespective of the different tilt angles of 0, 30, and 60 degrees. The overall design coefficient of the 90 degree-tilted array installed on the verandah is found to be 0.75, which is higher than those exhibited by the others. Appropriate routes of wirings for modules should be worked out to avoid the ill effect of the shadows of steel towers. 2 refs., 11 figs.

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Study on large-scale PV power supply system; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyo energy kyokyu system no chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the study results on large-scale PV power supply systems in fiscal 1994. (1) On optimization of large-scale systems, the conceptual design of the model system was carried out which supposes a large-scale integrated PV power generation system in desert area. As a result, a pair of 250kW generation system was designed as minimum one consisting power unit. Its frame and construction method were designed considering weather conditions in the inland of China. (2) On optimization of large-scale transmission systems, as large-scale power transmission systems for PV power generation, the following were studied: AC aerial transmission, DC aerial transmission, superconducting transmission, hydrogen gas pipeline, and LH2 tanker transport. (3) On the influence of large-scale systems, it was estimated that emission control is expected by substituting PV power generation for coal fired power generation, the negative influence on natural environment cannot be supposed, and the favorable economic effect is expected as influence on social environment. 4 tabs.

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (photovoltaic power generation); 1976 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on the technical and economical perspectives of various solar cells, high-efficiency solar cell and its evaluation technique, and a photovoltaic power generation system and its applications. On Si single-crystal slice solar cell, it was pointed out that cost reduction by automatic production process using no vacuum process is essential. On Si thin film solar cell, some problems to be solved for development of particle accelerating growth technique were pointed out. Study was also made on 2-6 group compound semiconductor solar cell, 3-5 group bulk crystal solar cell, 3-5 group thin film solar cell, solar collection solar cell, and raw polycrystal Si materials. On photovoltaic power generation systems, it was reconfirmed through reconsideration of power generation systems for every application that the photovoltaic power generation system for residences is promising. On medium- scale power generation systems, study was made on power load and system configuration in consideration of applications to electric railway, highway, and power source of isolated islands. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (photovoltaic power generation); Taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-03-01

This report summarizes the research result on the guide for developing solar cells. The report includes (1) standard measurement method for solar cells, (2) system configuration and installation site, (3) optimum design and profitability of solar cells and (4) raw materials and pollution prevention. In the 1st research, study was made on the standard for solar radiation intensity, the definition and measurement methods for spectral profiles, and the measurement conditions for solar cells. In the 2nd research, study was made on various basic data for the scale of photovoltaic power systems. In the 3rd research, since it is necessary to obtain characteristics of solar cells with any profiles of physical constants such as impurity, minority carrier life and mobility by simulation of solar cell actions, research was made on the measurement method of minority carrier lives by using a prepared computer program. Technical and economical comparisons were also made between Si solar cells with various structures. In the 4th research, survey was made on various data for compound semiconductors, and study was made on industrial waste pollution. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Research and development of photovoltaic power utilizing system and peripheral technologies (Study of peripheral device for AC module); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (AC module yo shuhen sochi no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For widening the application of photovoltaic power generation, the AC (alternating current) module technology was examined for validity, and effective ways to utilize the technology and tasks to solve for its further development were studied. In fiscal 1999, concerning the validity of the AC module technology, it was shown quantitatively that attention should be paid to the inhibition of radio interference although the AC module was the more advantageous when under the influence of shadow. In the study of various measures for utilizing the technology, it was shown that, although the technology contained many tasks to discharge, such as need for downsizing and cost reduction, improvement on environmental resistance, and the prevention of radio interference, yet it had many advantages expected to turn up in the future, such as reduced influence of shadow, high flexibility in system design, and decreased installation cost. In the study of technical tasks to discharge in the course of development, it was stated that AC module integrated inverters (MICs) were already on the market, that an autonomous distributed type system control method suited the purpose of AC module systems, and that it was important to develop a thin MIC technology for application in the next generation. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of technology for commercialization of the photovoltaic power system - R and D of evaluation technology of the photovoltaic power system. R and D of the system evaluation technology; 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu - System hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Based on the evaluation method for the performance prediction system of the standard photovoltaic power system, the R and D were conducted of the system generation output prediction technology which is general-purpose, simplified and applicable to various kinds of photovoltaic power system for residential use, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. In this fiscal year, the photovoltaic power system for residential use was increasingly installed at 15 places, and 100 sites in total were made database and analyzed. As to the development of simulation technology, technology of calculation was established such as the simulation of multi-plane array composition and correction of multi-plane array incidence. Further, technical information on system trouble and knowledge/information/proposal for reducing power generation loss were arranged by design parameter. Using the data on solar radiation/power loss at sites of residential use photovoltaic power systems installed in the Kanto area, value analysis of the capacity of wide area facilities of the photovoltaic power system was made by the statistical method. This study was compiled into the revised edition of design manual. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the New Sunshine Project - Development of the commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. Verification study of the photovoltaic power system - Research on engineering methods for cost effective PV installation; 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system no jissho kenkyu (tashu secchi koho no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of promoting installations of PV system and making use of the unused space for which a rise in the PV demand equal to that in houses, building roofs, etc. is expected, examination/research for much newer forms of land installation are proceeded with, and evaluation/verification of reliability/durability are conducted of new installation processes using thin film solar cells, adhesives, etc. In this fiscal year, study of the development/verification of low cost floating pedestal was promoted, and at the same time, examinational study of forms of land installation was made. As to the development of low cost floating pedestal, the module type flexible floating pedestal was developed as a small prototype pedestal and tested for installation in a pool. Survey was also carried out of geometry, mooring systems, materials, design conditions, and existing instances of different floats, and measures were studied for the effective use of the floating system. In relation to reliability and durability evaluation of the new installation process, the verification operation of evaluation facilities for various installation processes was continued, and the power generation capacity was made clear in special forms of installation such as installations on vertical/horizontal surfaces. And the study was made of the large area frameless structure, building use double glass structure, and durability of the adhesive/adhesive tape process of thin film solar cells. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 on New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization-entrusted projects on the development of photovoltaic power system practical application technologies. Research and development of a photovoltaic power demonstration system (Research and development of private house systems); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden demonstration system no kenkyu kaihatsu (kojin jutakuyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

Private house systems are investigated for system constitution, detailed design is drawn, and a model house is built. For system control and protection, the power conversion unit is provided with a control which functions to constantly maximize the output. The power conversion unit without an internal oscillator is equipped with another control which functions to output single-phase AC power coincident with the commercial system in voltage and frequency when it is interconnected with the system. The power conversion unit is so designed that it is automatically stopped for the prevention of reverse voltage imposition on the commercial system in case of interruption in the commercial system. In the study of roof panel type solar cells, real-size panels are designed and fabricated, capable of a total of 3kWp. In the study of element devices, a real-size conversion unit is experimentally built and tested in combination with a rectifier and solar cells, and it is found that the unit functions as expected. A model house is designed incorporating the results of the above-said research, and is built in the precinct of a laboratory of the Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Research and development of photovoltaic power utilizing system and peripheral technologies (Research and development for enhancing reliability of photovoltaic power generation - Research on long-term reliability of inverter); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (taiyoko hatsuden no shinraisei kojo ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu - inverter no choki shinraisei no chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

In fiscal 1999, the power conditioner which is the primary component of a photovoltaic power system was subjected to an accelerated test, etc., for the evaluation of its durability. For the accelerated test, operating conditions were so set that acceleration be implemented according to Arrhenius' law at ambient temperature 40 degrees C and relative humidity 36%. For the operation of the power conditioner, it was so set that the operation duration be 3.5 hours with a rest time of 4.5 hours for the night or the like. In the accelerated test conducted as in the previous year, 1100 cycles were completed recording the maximum, equivalent to approximately 8-1/2 years according to Arrhenius' law. After the test, no life affecting changes were detected in specimen device A, B, or D. Specimen C, however, failed during the test. As for the evaluation of durability of components, the electrolytic capacitor in the power conditioner was named. Reliability related literature was investigated and a durability evaluation test was started, with consideration given to the voltage to apply and service temperature. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. International cooperation project (Collection of the information on the IEA photovoltaic power generation program); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai jigyo kyoryoku (IEA taiyoko hatsuden program ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Based on 'the Implementing agreement for a research cooperation project on the photovoltaic power system' being promoted by IEA, collection of the information on the photovoltaic power system was made, and the FY 2000 results were summarized. In Task I: Exchange of the information on the photovoltaic power system and the spread, the final report on 'the study on added values of PV system' was made. In Task II: Operational performance and design of the photovoltaic power system and subsystem, specifications for new database were determined, and the existing data were checked/revised/added. In Task III: Design and operation of the stand-alone type and remote island use photovoltaic power plant, survey was conducted of the present situation of technical standards and quality guarantee. In Task 7: Photovoltaic power system integrated with construction materials, work was done for making a book of installation samples of the PV system integrated with construction materials in each country. In Task 8: Investigative study of possibilities of the large-scale photovoltaic power generation using the unused land such as desert, a report making of the secondary survey was started. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. International cooperation project (Collection of the information on the IEA photovoltaic power generation program); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai jigyo kyoryoku (IEA taiyoko hatsuden program ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Based on 'the Implementing agreement for a research cooperation project on the photovoltaic power system' being promoted by IEA, collection of the information on the photovoltaic power system was made, and the FY 2000 results were summarized. In Task I: Exchange of the information on the photovoltaic power system and the spread, the final report on 'the study on added values of PV system' was made. In Task II: Operational performance and design of the photovoltaic power system and subsystem, specifications for new database were determined, and the existing data were checked/revised/added. In Task III: Design and operation of the stand-alone type and remote island use photovoltaic power plant, survey was conducted of the present situation of technical standards and quality guarantee. In Task 7: Photovoltaic power system integrated with construction materials, work was done for making a book of installation samples of the PV system integrated with construction materials in each country. In Task 8: Investigative study of possibilities of the large-scale photovoltaic power generation using the unused land such as desert, a report making of the secondary survey was started. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Research and development of photovoltaic power utilizing system and peripheral technologies (Research and development for enhancing reliability of photovoltaic power generation - Research on environmental measures for compound solar cell modules); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (taiyoko hatsuden no shinraisei kojo ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu - kagobutsu taiyo denchi module no kankyo taisaku no chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Research is conducted to properly deal with environmental problems, such as compromised solar cell safety, which may follow the mass introduction and diffusion of photovoltaic power systems. In the research of fiscal 1999 on technical literature on environmental measures against lead and animal tests, a need was found to reduce lead in power systems and to grasp lead elution characteristics for the establishment of environmental measures. In a safety test conducted for thin-film CIS (copper indium diselenide) based solar cells, basic data were collected about the vaporization rate of Se, the effect of moisture on the Se vaporization rate, etc. Basic data were also collected about the relationship between the combustion temperature and the amount of scattered lead in particular from the solder used as the conducting material in silicon based solar cells. In the evaluation of the environmental impact of thin-film CIS solar cells in case of fire, it was found that Se concentration below 10-20m in the plume was near the permissible concentration of 0.1mg/m{sup 3} as recommended by Japan Society for Occupational Health and that the concentration levels predicted for the periphery were two orders of magnitude smaller than the mandatory level. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Research and development of photovoltaic system evaluation technology (Research, development, and survey of crystalline solar cell evaluation system); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (kesshokei taiyo denchi hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In the basic study of ultrahigh-efficiency cells, the technology of ribbon crystal growing is again attracting attention for shortage of Si material supply. The new technology and problems to solve for cost reduction for it are discussed. Concerning the bulk type crystalline Si which is a core material, recent trends are mentioned involving studies of basic substrate properties such as the photoabsorption coefficient and crystal defects for achieving higher efficiency, development of gettering and surface passivation technologies, enhancement of processing speeds, radiation concentration behavior, etc. Newly obtained findings about photodegradation are mentioned, and some remedial measures are described. Recent reports on the application of porous Si to solar cells are compiled. In connection with the development of low-cost quantity-production process technologies, a remarkable progress recently marked by polycrystalline Si solar cells is described. Furthermore, it is stated that new process technologies will be required in the fields of material refining, substrate manufacturing, and cell fabrication. A proposition is presented aiming at developing cell modules compatible with application systems and practicalizing modules that may be integrated with roofing materials. Reference is also made to surveys overseas. (NEDO)

Dynamic programming for reduction of fuel consumption in a photovoltaic/wind/diesel generating system; Doteki keikakuho ni yoru taiyoko/furyoku/diesel hatsuden system no nenryo shohiryo no sakugen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishikawa, K.; Kenmoku, Y.; Sakakibara, T. [Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi (Japan); Nakagawa, S. [Maizuru National College of Technology, Kyoto (Japan); Kawamoto, T. [Shizuoka University, Shizuoka (Japan)

1997-11-25

Dynamic programming is employed in the study of the operation of the diesel engine in a photovoltaic/wind-force/diesel-engine power generating system, which aims at reduction in the system fuel consumption and at determining an optimum system constitution. The parameters set in this system are the photovoltaic/wind-force supply rate, photovoltaic/wind-force power generation ratio, and battery capacity. An island in Ise Bay, with an annual load power of approximately 1.59-million kWh and mean daily load power of approximately 4336kWh is assumed as the location for the system. Observation data of Ommaezaki Weather Station are utilized for the calculation of the amount of photovoltaic/wind-force power generation. It is found as the result that the fuel consumption of the diesel engine in this system decreases to 82-84% when the natural energy supply rate is 20%. It is also found that the fuel consumption of the system records the minimum at a photovoltaic/wind-force ratio of 60/40, irrespective of the battery capacity or natural energy supply rate, and this ratio is the optimum ratio. 3 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.

Reports on 1979 result of Sunshine Project. Investigation and research on solar energy utilization system (solar thermal power generation system); 1979 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

In connection with the practicability of a solar thermal power generation system, examination was made on the technical economic problems and the operation method as well as on the problems of required performance of the constituent equipment, with the measuring method and performance evaluation method examined that are suitable for various devices. The items for the examination are as follows: (1) Silicon as the raw material for solar cells and its R and D, (2) Amorphous silicon solar cells, (3) R and D on low cost solar cells and array, (4) Basic design for photovoltaic generation system, and (5) Problems and technical subjects for solar cell standard measurement. The research themes and items for the above examination are listed as below: (1) Demand trend for raw material silicon, overseas trend, and development plan for polycrystalline silicon; (2) R and D plan for amorphous Si solar cell and its system, their optimum design, and their cost analysis and economic effect; (3) Technological investigation on cells and examination on array; (4) Basic design, peripheral equipment for system, and development schedule; (5) Report on the first actual state investigation concerning instrumentation of solar cells, i.e., on 'instrumentation and deviation in transformation efficiency', calibration system, problems of instrumentation of new device, problems of reliability test method, situation in various countries, and trend in atmospheric turbidimeter. (NEDO)

Reports on 1979 result of Sunshine Project. Investigation and research on solar energy utilization system (solar thermal power generation system); 1979 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

In connection with the practicability of a solar thermal power generation system, examination was made on the technical economic problems and the operation method as well as on the problems of required performance of the constituent equipment, with the measuring method and performance evaluation method examined that are suitable for various devices. The items for the examination are as follows: (1) Silicon as the raw material for solar cells and its R and D, (2) Amorphous silicon solar cells, (3) R and D on low cost solar cells and array, (4) Basic design for photovoltaic generation system, and (5) Problems and technical subjects for solar cell standard measurement. The research themes and items for the above examination are listed as below: (1) Demand trend for raw material silicon, overseas trend, and development plan for polycrystalline silicon; (2) R and D plan for amorphous Si solar cell and its system, their optimum design, and their cost analysis and economic effect; (3) Technological investigation on cells and examination on array; (4) Basic design, peripheral equipment for system, and development schedule; (5) Report on the first actual state investigation concerning instrumentation of solar cells, i.e., on 'instrumentation and deviation in transformation efficiency', calibration system, problems of instrumentation of new device, problems of reliability test method, situation in various countries, and trend in atmospheric turbidimeter. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use - Research and development of solar beam power generation and utilization systems and ancillary technologies (Investigations and researches on large-size energy supply system); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (ogata energy kyokyu system no chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

With an objective to propose large-size system development scenarios assuming installations in deserts, the following investigations have been carried out: (1) collection of data on societies, economy, and energies in China and other countries where the large systems are assumed to be installed, (2) in order to reduce the costs, comparison was given on power generation cost by using a fixed tracking frame, a single axial tracking frame, and a biaxial tracking frame, (3) in order to evaluate the life cycle, discussions were given on the required energy inputs for system equipment, transmission and transformer equipment, and the installation construction to estimate the energy payback time (EPT) and CO2 emission unit requirement, and (4) discussions on development scenarios. In Item (1), while China expects on natural gas and atomic energy as the supply source, 80% of the energy would be supplied from coal in 2010. The development of new energies in India would further be delayed than in China. In item (2), the trially calculated power generation costs in Mongol by using the fixed frame, single axial tracking frame, and biaxial tracking frame were 8.72, 8.23 and 6.94 yen per watt. In Item (3) The EPT was two years or less in a 100-MW system, and the CO2 emission unit requirements in the silicon systems were 10 to 19 kg-C/kWh. (NEDO)

Results of photovoltaic power generation system operation in Tokyo Electric Power Company; Tokyo Denryoku ni okeru taiyoko hatsuden setsubi no unten jisseki ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fukuda, H; Itokawa, K [Tokyo Electric Power Co. Inc., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

A report was made on the measurement of data and the results of the analysis at 14 sites of photovoltaic power generation facilities operated under system interconnection by Tokyo Electric Power Company. This type of system is provided in 40 sites as of the end of fiscal 1995, generating 479kw. The items measured were the generated electric energy at all 14 sites, and the quantity of solar radiation, outside air temperature, panel temperature, etc., at limited sites; and the capacity of each equipment, azimuth and inclination of the panel were also recorded simultaneously. Hourly values were used for the analysis. Five minute values were utilized, however, in the examination of the cause of lowered output and in the situation recognition of the influence of the shade or the change of weather. The utilization factor of the facilities was in the average 10.8% in fiscal 1994 and 10.7% in fiscal 1995. The factor decreased slightly unless the panel azimuth faced due south. The utilization factor at the panel inclination of 35 degrees and 45 degrees showed both 10.4% through the year making no difference. The system seemed to show no overwhelming possibilities in coping with electric power demand. The reason was that deviation existed for 2 hours or so in the peak and that reliability was low as basic power facilities. However, it was determined that the system be continuously examined in future. 9 figs., 1 tab.

Preparation of meteorological data (METPV) which is useful to simulate output from PV systems; Taiyoko hatsuden system no simulation yo data METPV no seibi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Itagaki, A; Iida, H [Japan Weather Association, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

Studies are under way for the nation-wide buildup of a network of METPV data, new standard meteorological data resembling the HASP data, for the time-based simulation of the output of photovoltaic power generation systems. There is a method of preparing hourly data covering a long period of time for computer processing for the determination of the average hourly power generation level, which, however, will be unrealistic because of the enormity of calculation work involved. Hence: the concept of standardized meteorological data, which involves the specification of typical years after examining the data covering a long period and the preparation of the data of the years for computer processing. In the METPV setup, three types of data are prepared: data for the year of the average insolation, data for the year of insufficient insolation, and data for the year of excess insolation. Next, for each of the twelve months, the year of the average insolation is found. When the twelve pieces of data for the twelve months (of different years) are combined, an artificially constructed year results, with each of the twelve months having the average insolation. A technique has been developed for smoothing the discontinuity between the months. Forty observation spots were built in fiscal 1995, and 150 spots will have been prepared across the country by the end of fiscal 1996. 6 refs., 4 figs.

Study of installation of PV systems at campus; Campus ni okeru taiyoko hatsuden donyu ni kansuru kenkyu (taiyo denchi nomi wo secchishita baai no yobi kento)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuboi, N.; Tanaka, H.; Okumiya, M. [Nagoya University, Nagoya (Japan)

1997-11-25

In terms of energy consumption, environmentality and economical efficiency in the case of installing the photovoltaic power system on the rooftop of the university campus, a comparative study was conducted with other power generation systems. As objects to be comparatively studied, selected were the all-electric type centralized space heating/cooling system, cogeneration system, nighttime heat storage system and centralized system with solar cells installed. The panel area of the PV system is 10,000m{sup 2} on the rooftop and 7,000{sup 2} on the outer wall. About data on solar radiation, average values obtained in Nagoya were used. Assessment was made in terms of energy consumption amount at the time of operation, system COP, emission amounts of CO2, NOx and SOx at the time of manufacturing and operation, initial cost, running cost, etc. As a result of the study, an effect of reducing global warming gas was admitted in the PV system. However, the initial cost of the solar cell panel was high, and the life cycle cost of the PV system was lower than other systems. 1 ref., 7 figs., 3 tabs.

FY 1977 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Survey and research on systems utilizing solar energy (Photovoltaic power generation systems); 1977 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-31

This project is aimed at investigation on irradiation conditions of natural solar radiation to establish the performance evaluation methods; establishment of standard evaluation methods under natural solar radiation; and investigation on practical problems involved in the photovoltaic power generation systems. The research items are (1) photovoltaic power generation systems, and (2) standard evaluation methods for photovoltaic power generation systems installed on the ground. The item (1) includes the effect analysis in which existing Japanese residential buildings are selected to estimate possibility of installation of photovoltaic power generation systems and possible quantity of power generated; conceptual designs in which several systems conceivable at present are proposed and outlined, and a 30kW photovoltaic power generation system is taken up to investigate, e.g., solar cell arrays for the system, orthogonal conversion devices, associated facilities, conceptual designs of storage batteries, problems involved therein, and future research themes; and operation of the cell, which takes up operational examples of solar cell power sources, and operational problems viewed from the power transmission side. The item (2) proposes the standard evaluation methods (primary drafts) for the solar cell arrays and panels as those for photovoltaic power generation systems installed on the ground. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use. International cooperation projects (Collection of information on Task 9 in IEA photovoltaic power generation program); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyoko hatsuden program task IX ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper reports activities performed by the Task 9 in the execution treaty of the IEA photovoltaic power generation system program. The Task 9 calls for the 'proliferation of photovoltaic power generation technologies under coordination with developing countries{sup .} It is intended to compile the recommendation guides, hold workshops in the model developing countries, and coordinate with assisting organizations on technological and economical issues that may occur when introducing photovoltaic power generation systems into developing countries. The current fiscal year is the first year of the five-year plan, whereas, with structuring the basic plan placed in the center, such activities were carried out as verification of the 12 member countries and two organizations, establishment of the basic programs for the work plan, selection of work divisions, the sharing thereof, and the subjected developing countries, and the way the coordination should be with the related tasks and the assisting organizations. Two expertise conferences were held in Holland and America, and three working group meetings in Japan to have discussed the activity targets in the first fiscal year. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use. International cooperation projects (Collection of information on Task 9 in IEA photovoltaic power generation program); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyoko hatsuden program task IX ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper reports activities performed by the Task 9 in the execution treaty of the IEA photovoltaic power generation system program. The Task 9 calls for the 'proliferation of photovoltaic power generation technologies under coordination with developing countries{sup .} It is intended to compile the recommendation guides, hold workshops in the model developing countries, and coordinate with assisting organizations on technological and economical issues that may occur when introducing photovoltaic power generation systems into developing countries. The current fiscal year is the first year of the five-year plan, whereas, with structuring the basic plan placed in the center, such activities were carried out as verification of the 12 member countries and two organizations, establishment of the basic programs for the work plan, selection of work divisions, the sharing thereof, and the subjected developing countries, and the way the coordination should be with the related tasks and the assisting organizations. Two expertise conferences were held in Holland and America, and three working group meetings in Japan to have discussed the activity targets in the first fiscal year. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. Demonstrative study of the photovoltaic power system (Study of the high density connection technology); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Taiyoko hatsuden system no jissho kenkyu (Komitsudo renkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the photovoltaic power system connected to the distribution line in high density, study was made in terms of the power quality, elucidation of the effect on operation/protection of the distribution line and the measures to be taken, improvement of power quality using inverter, etc., and the FY 2000 results were summed up. In this fiscal year, the results of the research made in four years were arranged, and at the same time, the theoretical analysis, verification test, etc. that were necessary for summarization of the research results were carried out. As to various kinds of technology for the measures to be taken, the following were conducted: study of the effect on the rise in voltage of the distribution line, development of the dispersed control type voltage stabilization method, test on characteristics of individual operation of the inverter on the market, simulation analysis of characteristics of the continuous individual operation, development of the high reliability individual operation prevention method, verification study of the environmental adaptability, etc. As a technology for improving utility value of the photovoltaic power generation, a high function inverter was developed which conducts not only the dc-ac conversion, but the smoothing of generating output/load variations and load higher harmonics/reactive power compensation. At the Rokko testing facilities, test was made of the parallel operation (5 units) of the pole transformer. (NEDO)

Solar power satellite system; Uchu hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sasaki, S [Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Tokyo (Japan)

1995-09-05

The solar power satellite system is a system that converts solar energy into electric energy in the space, transmits power to earth through wireless resort such as microwave and supplies energy of new concept. In order to realize this system it is necessary to have new technologies such as space power transmission at low cost, construction of large space buildings and wireless high power transmission. In this paper, the principles, characteristics and the necessary technology of this system were explained. Besides Japan`s SPS2000 Plan (cooperative research by universities, government agencies and private corporations on the model of solar power satellite) the group of Europe, Russia and the United States has also proposed some ideas concerning the solar power satellite system. As far as the microwave power transmission, which is the key technology for solar power satellite system, is concerned, ground demonstration tests at the level of several tens of kW are discussed in Canada and France. 3 refs., 3 figs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use - Research and development of solar beam power generation and utilization systems and ancillary technologies (Development of ancillary devices for AC modules); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (AC module yo shuhen sochi no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Reasonability evaluation was progressed on the fundamental technologies having been proposed in fiscal 1998, and development was made on elementary technologies required for system structuring. The proposals made in fiscal 1998 include the deepening of the evaluations on effectiveness of AC modules, long-term stability evaluation on the system control schemes, trial fabrication and evaluation on AC battery modules, and development and installation of 2-kW demonstration facilities. In the effectiveness evaluation, discussions were given not only on advantages, but also on disadvantages. As the advantageous point, theoretical analyses were progressed on the effect of reducing the output drop due to shading, which was made clear by providing values. Effects of increase in switching units on electric wave interference as a disadvantage were made clear. As a form that can be applied consistently from an independent power source to a system coordination system, a flexible system using the module system comprising of AC modules and AC batteries was proposed as an effective utilization measure. A proposal was also made on an autonomous discrete type system control scheme as a control system that has sufficient expandability, and is durable against disasters. (NEDO)

Output characteristics of 40 kW photovoltaic power generation system in ICT; Ibaraki kosen ni okeru 40 kW taiyoko hatsuden shisutemu no shutsuryoku tokusei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sekiguchi, N. [Ibaraki National College of Tech., Ibaraki (Japan); Tani, T. [Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1999-11-25

The photovoltaic power generation system consists of photovoltaic array and power conditioner of the utility connected system. The photovoltaic array parallelly constitutes 18 serial 30 of the modules of 540 sheets, and there is the generating capacity of largest 40 kW. The power conditioner uses 10 kW four units, and it is tracking with function of the maximum output point. This report examined the unconformable rate of photovoltaic array maximum output operating voltage, current and power in simulation and power conditioner input. (author)

Report on achievements in technological development in fiscal 1999. Development of technology to put photovoltaic power generation system into practical use (Research and development of high reliability storage batteries for photovoltaic power generation use); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Kenkyu kaihatsu kanri (taiyoko hatsuden'yo chikudenchi kaihatsu bukai)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-05-01

Storage batteries used in household photovoltaic systems must be free of electrolyte leakage and maintenance, and be readily installable in residential houses. Lead-acid batteries that can meet these requirements and have been put into practical use may include the sealed storage batteries. However, these batteries currently in use have drawbacks in life performance and price. Therefore, development is under way on lead-acid batteries for household photovoltaic systems by improving said sealed lead-acid batteries. The targeted batteries should have as long life as passing 3,000 cycles under a condition of 0.1 to 1 CA discharge (at depth of discharge of 50%), energy density of more than 70 Wh per liter, and cost of 12 yen or lower per watt-hour. A prototype battery as the final candidate was fabricated, that uses silica powder as the electrolyte retainer (silica powder filled between plates, and into clearance between plate groups), pasted plates made of expanded metal grids for positive plates, and micro conductive network plates with increased addition amount of carbon to micro active material (PbO{sub 2}) as negative plates. Life performance testes thereon are being performed. This lead-acid battery is estimated to be capable of satisfying the intended performance based on the result of discussions having been made so far. (NEDO)

FY 1978 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Survey and research on systems utilizing solar energy (Photovoltaic power generation systems); 1978 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1979-03-01

This survey report provides the basic data for planning national projects to smoothly raise the large industry of solar cell industry in the future by studying how to promote the research and development projects for this area, continuously pursued from the establishment of the Sunshine Project. This report clarifies, first of all, the concept of long-term schedules for research and development of solar thermal power generation systems, based on which technical themes are concretely surveyed, and their economic viability and ripple effects on the other industries are analyzed. The industry of solar thermal power generation systems is a new industry, even based on the global horizons, backed up by the Japan's high-technological areas of electronics and semiconductor industries. It is one of important projects to be urgently developed, also viewed from the above standpoint. This report describes the long-term visions of solar thermal power generation systems, and the research and development projects therefor; stock materials for solar cells and problems involved therein; research and development projects for low-cost solar cells; photovoltaic power generation systems, and the research and development projects therefor; conceptual designs of photovoltaic power generation systems; and standard analytical procedures for solar cells, and technical problems involved therein. (NEDO)

FY 1978 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Survey and research on systems utilizing solar energy (Photovoltaic power generation systems); 1978 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1979-03-01

This survey report provides the basic data for planning national projects to smoothly raise the large industry of solar cell industry in the future by studying how to promote the research and development projects for this area, continuously pursued from the establishment of the Sunshine Project. This report clarifies, first of all, the concept of long-term schedules for research and development of solar thermal power generation systems, based on which technical themes are concretely surveyed, and their economic viability and ripple effects on the other industries are analyzed. The industry of solar thermal power generation systems is a new industry, even based on the global horizons, backed up by the Japan's high-technological areas of electronics and semiconductor industries. It is one of important projects to be urgently developed, also viewed from the above standpoint. This report describes the long-term visions of solar thermal power generation systems, and the research and development projects therefor; stock materials for solar cells and problems involved therein; research and development projects for low-cost solar cells; photovoltaic power generation systems, and the research and development projects therefor; conceptual designs of photovoltaic power generation systems; and standard analytical procedures for solar cells, and technical problems involved therein. (NEDO)

Photovoltaic system at Nagaoka College of Technology. Fabrication of photovoltaic system and development of data logging system; Nagaoka kosen ni okeru taiyoko hatsuden. Setsubi no kochiku to data shuroku system no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arimoto, M; Shirai, I; Togawa, K; Koshoji, H; Otaki, S [Nagaoka College of Technology, Niigata (Japan); Murata, M; Murata, K; Nomura, M [New Energy Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Reported in this paper is a photovoltaic power generation facility built in the yard of Nagaoka College of Technology. The purpose of this study is to find out if such a facility operates effectively in a heavy-snow region. A data logging system is also constructed. In a preliminary experiment, a 50W panel was installed, facing southwest at an inclination of 30degC, on the roof of the schoolhouse. A voltmeter, ammeter, and slide rheostat were used to perform necessary measurement. The panel temperature was approximately 50degC, and insolation was estimated at 70mW/cm{sup 2}. The data logging system is comprised of a personal computer, display, printer, etc. Using this system, voltage and current are measured with the load automatically adjusted, and the maximum power point is sought out and logged. In addition, insolation, ambient temperature, and panel temperature are logged. Data is logged every 10th minute and, when a day`s measurement is over, mean values are obtained for every hour and data is built for a power generation profile, all automatically. There is a plan for a wintertime power generation experiment. 3 refs., 5 figs.

Simulation of PV/FC power hybrid system. Change of system capacity with load form factor; Taiyoko hatsuden nenryo denchi hybrid system no simulation. Fuka keijoritsu ni yoru system yoryo no henka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sekiguchi, N.; Tani, T. [Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Study is conducted of a photovoltaic/fuel-cell hybrid system whose power storage is a hydrogen storage that uses a hydrogen absorbing alloy. In a simulation in this research, the solar cell conversion efficiency is changed from 15.0% to 21.0% and the fuel cell power conversion efficiency from 40.0% to 50.0%, and the resultant changes in the capacity and operation rate are investigated for each of the devices in the system. The findings follow. A 1.0% change in the solar cell conversion efficiency results in a 4.8kW change in the solar cell capacity and a 1.6-ton change in the hydrogen storage capacity. With a 1.0% change in the fuel cell power conversion efficiency, there is a 14.7kW change in the solar cell capacity and a 5.3-ton change in the hydrogen storage capacity. The fuel cell capacity is not dependent on the solar cell conversion efficiency or fuel cell power conversion efficiency but on the maximum load in each of the load form factors. The rate of occurrence of an operation rate of less than 30% is 54.7% both in DC/DC converter and hydrogen generator, 24.6% in fuel cells, and 16.7% in the DC/DC inverter. 7 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

Research and development of evaluation system for photovoltaic power generation system. Research and development on evaluation technology of photovoltaic power generating systems; Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu. System hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the study results on R and D of evaluation technology for photovoltaic power generating systems in fiscal 1994. (1) On preparation of test facility and measuring instrument, the pyrheliometer with a photovoltaic device as sensor was developed. (2) On collection and analysis of data, operation data of interconnection system, stand alone system, and water pump system were collected, and energy flow was analyzed. The following were also analyzed: time variation of a-Si solar cell modules, fluctuation correction factor of spectrum response, that of nonlinear response of crystalline solar cells, effect of solar radiation intensity and wind velocity on temperature rise of modules, and correction factor of DC circuit losses. (3) On on-site measurement technology, the array output measuring instrument was developed on the basis of capacitor charge system. (4) On simulation technology, simulation analyses of energy flow, optimum capacity of interconnection systems, correction factor of solar radiation, and capacity of array storage batteries were conducted. 3 figs., 6 tabs.

Introduction effect of a load levelling system in an electric power system with a photovoltaic and wind system; Taiyoko/furyoku hatsuden wo donyu shita denryoku keito ni okeru fuka heijunka shisutemu no donyu koka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kenmoku, Y.; Sakakibara, T. [Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi (Japan); Nakagawa, S. [Maizuru College of Technology, Kyoto (Japan); Kawamoto, T. [Shizuoka University, Shizuoka (Japan)

1998-12-05

Introduction effect of load levelling system by a battery in an electric power system by a battery in an electric power system with a PV and wind system is investigated. Charge and discharge power of the battery are determined from a load curve and every hour data of PV and wind output. Annual cost of the power system is calculated from the generating power and the capacity of each source via the installed utility capacity and the capacity factor. It is found that (1) the battery system reduces the maximum demand and improves the load factor, (2) the cost effect of the battery system when introducing the PV system is higher than that when introducing the wind system. (author)

Study on an optimum ratio of PV output energy to WG output energy in PV/WG hybrid system; Taiyoko/furyoku hybrid hatsuden system no saiteki yoryohi ni kansuru kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishikawa, S [Kandenko Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

A photovoltaic power (PV) and wind generated power (WG) are an unlimited clean energy source, yet their output is unstable depending on the fluctuation of weather conditions such as solar radiation and wind velocity. Consequently, a large-scale power storage equipment is necessitated leading to a high cost especially in an independent system. As a solution, a method is available in which PV and WG are combined so that the effect may be utilized for stabilizing the output of a system as a whole, at a site where a fluctuation pattern is different between photovoltaic energy and wind energy. In building a hybrid system by PV and WG, sites with such supplementary effect existing were selected from the viewpoint of stabilizing the fluctuation of the power generation in the long run; and then, an examination was made on the optimum PV capacity ratio (%Ppo) in each site. As a result, it revealed that the %Ppo had great bearing on a ratio of PV energy fluctuation to WG, which was converted to a numerical formula. A comparatively simple examination by means of meteorological data also indicated that the share ratio was possibly optimized between the quantities of PV and WG energy. 4 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.

Experiments of cooling photovoltaic panel by desorption process; Dacchaku hanno wo riyoshita taiyoko hatsuden panel no ondo josho yokusei jikken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akisawa, A; Inoue, S; Kashiwagi, T [Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

It is important to cool a photovoltaic (PV) panel, because increased panel temperature is accompanied by decreased power generation efficiency. The authors have proposed a PV power generation system combined with an adsorption chiller driven by low-temperature heat, and simulated temperature changes during the desorption cycle, where the chiller utilizes endothermic reactions of an adsorbent during the desorption cycle. Described herein are results of the tests carried out to validate possibility of controlling panel temperature increase. The system consists of the PV panel with which a bed packed with an adsorbent is monolithically combined, condenser and evaporator. It generates power during the daytime by sunbeams, and provides low-temperature heat during the nighttime by the evaporator. In particular, ice can be produced when methanol and activated coal are used as the adsorbate and adsorbent. It has an advantage of effective utilization of energy as the heat source, which has been merely dissipated by the conventional system in the air. Such a system is expected to be useful for promoting effective utilization of solar energy and for peak power shaving in summer. The initial targets are achieved by the tests. 4 refs., 10 figs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. International cooperation project (IEA photovoltaic power generation program - Collection of the information on Task IX); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai jigyo kyoryoku (IEA taiyoko hatsuden program task IX ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Based on 'the Implementing agreement for a research cooperation project on the photovoltaic power system' being promoted by IEA, collection of the information was made on Task IX: Promotion of the effective spread of the PV technology in developing countries, and the FY 2000 results were summarized. In Task IX, for technical/economic subjects in introducing the PV system to developing countries, a commendable/practical guide using the experiences having been gained was to be arranged. Also, workshop was to be opened in developing countries as model, and cooperation was to be promoted with international organizations such as the Bank of the World. In this fiscal year, two meetings of specialists (abroad) and four sectional meetings of operation (in Japan) were held. This fiscal year was the second year of the 5-year plan. The standard for selecting developing countries as model was studied, and a draft of the commendable/practical guide was made and discussed in the meeting of specialists. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. International cooperation project (IEA photovoltaic power generation program - Collection of the information on Task IX); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai jigyo kyoryoku (IEA taiyoko hatsuden program task IX ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Based on 'the Implementing agreement for a research cooperation project on the photovoltaic power system' being promoted by IEA, collection of the information was made on Task IX: Promotion of the effective spread of the PV technology in developing countries, and the FY 2000 results were summarized. In Task IX, for technical/economic subjects in introducing the PV system to developing countries, a commendable/practical guide using the experiences having been gained was to be arranged. Also, workshop was to be opened in developing countries as model, and cooperation was to be promoted with international organizations such as the Bank of the World. In this fiscal year, two meetings of specialists (abroad) and four sectional meetings of operation (in Japan) were held. This fiscal year was the second year of the 5-year plan. The standard for selecting developing countries as model was studied, and a draft of the commendable/practical guide was made and discussed in the meeting of specialists. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1994 research report. Demonstration test for establishing technology for peakload shaving with dispersed small residential PV systems (Evaluation of weatherability of house-use solar light electric power generating system equipment); 1994 nendo jutakuyo taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu nado kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka no uchi jutakuyo taiyoko hatsuden system kiki no taikosei hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

Weatherability tests such as exposure to the atmosphere are conducted to collect and accumulate information on the degradation of house-use photovoltaic equipment expected to come into use in areas where weather conditions are hostile. Based on the thus collected data, analysis and evaluation are conducted about the mechanisms of corrosion and degradation for the establishment of designing and evaluating methods for maintaining weatherability. Since fiscal 1994 is the first year of the project, preparations are made for tests to be conducted. In carrying out research activities, a Weatherability Evaluation Committee for House-Use Solar Light Electric Power Generating System Equipment is organized, who discuss implementation of the project. Discussion is made on the shape and structural materials of the exposure rack. An aluminum alloy coated with a clear coating of alumite sulfate is selected, and a rack is built. Specifications of a sea salt particle collector are discussed, and preparations are made for arresting and quantifying sea salt particles under the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) dry gauze method and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) wet candle method. Solar cell module initial characteristics are measured. (NEDO)

Fundamental study on PV system for floating water power device `Mighty Whale`; Okiai futaishiki haryoku sochi `Mighty Whale` eno taiyoko hatsuden sochi tosai no kihon kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Washio, Y [Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, Kanagawa (Japan)

1996-10-27

Studied in this paper is the use of a photovoltaic power generation system in combination with a wave energy conversion system to cover the latter`s weak point that it is available but intermittently. An offshore floating wave power device Mighty Whale (MW) is described, which will have a wave energy absorbing air chamber in the front and an anti-rocking float that looks like a whale in the rear. The movement, up and down and back and forth, of the water surface in the air chamber due to incident waves turns the power generator turbine. Out of the space available on the MW, a 200m{sup 2} area has been specified as the place suitable for the installation of solar cells capable of a maximum output of 20kW, for which specification the elevation of the sun has been taken into account. Batteries will routinely be supplied with power in parallel from the wave activated and photovoltaic devices, the supply will be limited when the batteries are fully charged, and an auxiliary power generator will be run in case of shortage. Power that can be provided by a 20kW solar array was calculated using actual data of sunshine on the slope for each array orientation, and required battery capacity was calculated for each solar array orientation. Important items for consideration for the insurance of reliability on the ocean include measures against salt damage, detailed designing of wiring, and coordinated operation of photovoltaic and wave activated power generation systems. 3 refs., 6 figs., 5 tabs.

FY 1998 Report on development of technologies for commercialization of photovoltaic power systems. International co-operative project (IEA implementing agreement for a co-operative programme on photovoltaic power systems, 9th and 10th executive committee meetings); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo. IEA taiyoko hatsuden system kenkyu kyoryoku program jisshi kyotei dai 10 kai dai 9 kai iinkai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Described herein are outline of the International Energy Agency/Co-operative programme on Photovoltaic Power Systems (IEA/PVPS), and minutes of the 9th and 10th executive committee meetings. Japan signed the IEA Implementing Agreement for a co-operative programme on Photovoltaic Power Systems in April 1993, and has been participating in the programme for research and development, demonstration, analysis, information exchange and introduction promotion, among others. The tasks are composed of exchange and dissemination of information on PVPS, operational performance and design of PVPS, use of PVPS in stand alone and island applications, grid interconnection of building integrated and other dispersed PVPS, design and grid interconnection of dispersed PVPS, e.g., roof type, design and operation of modular PV plants for large scale power generation, PV in the built environment, and feasibility study on large scale PV power generation utilizing desert areas. The 9th and 10th executive committee meetings include the co-operative programme progress reports and technical tours. (NEDO)

Photovoltaic AC fusion converter (PVAC). Design consideration and experimental evaluation; Taiyoko hatsuden denryoku/shoyo denryoku kongo sochi no hoshiki to seino

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuchiya, Y. [Hachinohe National College of Technology, Aomori (Japan); Sakakibara, T. [Toyohashi University, of Technology, Aichi (Japan)

1997-11-25

The photovoltaic AC fusion converter (PVAC), of which cost reduction of the total system is possible, was developed. PVAC controls the supply of commercial power by preferentially supplying photovoltaic power to loads for realization of energy conservation. Further, setting the maximum output of solar cell less than the rated load, the system was made the one with no need of storage batteries. This system was realized in a hybrid of the conventional rectification technology and the stand-alone maximum power point tracking photovoltaic system technology. The solar cell input efficiency had been measured as 84% at maximum. Main losses are consumption power of power source, switching loss of inverter, and continuity loss of diode. Ninety-seven percent of the commercial power input efficiency was obtained. Main losses are consumption power of power source, continuity loss of diode bridge, and resistance loss of smoothing reactor. The effect of energy conservation by the use of PVAC was also admitted. 6 refs., 7 figs.

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Interface studies of amorphous silicon; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Amorphous silicon kaimen no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konagai, M [Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-12-01

This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on interface of amorphous silicon for solar cells. In research on amorphous solar cells using ZnO for transparent electrically conductive films, considerations were given on a growth mechanism of a ZnO film using the MOCVD process. It was made clear that the ZnO film grows with Zn(OH)2 working as a film forming species. It was also shown that the larger the ZnO particle size is, the more the solar cell efficiency is improved. Furthermore, theoretical elucidation was made on effects of rear face of an interface on cell characteristics, and experimental discussions were given subsequently. In research on solar cells using hydrogen diluted `i` layers, delta-doped solar cells were fabricated based on basic data obtained in the previous fiscal year, and the hydrogen dilution effect was evaluated from the cell characteristics. When the hydrogen dilution ratio is increased from zero to one, the conversion efficiency has improved from 12.2% to 12.6%. In addition, experiments and discussions were given on solar cells fabricated by using SiH2Cl2. 9 figs.

FY 1998 Report on development of technologies for commercialization of photovoltaic power systems. International co-operative project (IEA implementing agreement for a co-operative programme on photovoltaic power systems, 11th and 12th executive committee meetings); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo. IEA taiyoko hatsuden system kenkyu kyoryoku program jisshi kyotei dai 12 kai dai 11 kai shikko iinkai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Described herein are outline of the International Energy Agency/Co-operative programme on Photovoltaic Power Systems (IEA/PVPS), and minutes of the 11th and 12th executive committee meetings. Japan signed the IEA Implementing Agreement for a co-operative programme on Photovoltaic Power Systems in April 1993, and has been participating in the programme for research and development, demonstration, analysis, information exchange and introduction promotion, among others. Presented to the 11th executive committee meeting are progresses in each task, review of the PVPS programme by an independent reviewer, strategy for the next term of the PVPS agreement, and marketing of PV in the IEA member countries. The meeting also has confirmed the action plans and partial responsibilities. In the 12th executive committee meeting, the progresses of the tasks, e.g., objects, activities and problems, are reported, and reviewed by the participants. Discussed in the task 1, information exchange, are new communication methods, publication frequency and contents of Internal Survey Report, and opening of the internet home page, among others. (NEDO)

Subsidized project for development of technology in putting photovoltaic power generation system into practice. Report of international joint demonstrative R and D on photovoltaic power generation system; Taiyoko hatsuden system kokusai kyodo jissho kaihatsu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The following joint researches are in progress utilizing natural conditions and social systems in Nepal, Mongolia, Thailand, Malaysia and Vietnam for the purpose of enhancing environmental adaptability, reliability, etc., of technologies. (1) Nepal; accelerated demonstrative research utilizing highland conditions, (2) Mongolia; demonstrative research of movable type photovoltaic power generation system, (3) Thailand; demonstrative research of photovoltaic generation system for battery-charging stations, (4) Malaysia; accelerated demonstrative research utilizing tropical conditions, and (5) Vietnam; demonstrative research of hybrid system on photovoltaic power generation and micro hydro power generation. The research assets of (1) and (3) whose researches have been finished were provided gratis for the co-researcher countries. In (5), on the basis of the geographical conditions such as annual average quantity of solar radiation, conduit for water-turbine, energy complementing relation, load demand, and degree of installation difficulty, Trang Village in Vietnam was selected, with a system decided on PV:100 kW/MH:25 kW/control system. The MH is an induction generator. The primary pieces of equipment are a generator, a storage battery, an inverter and a system control panel. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Research and development of photovoltaic power utilizing system and peripheral technologies (Research on meteorological data for design optimization); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (saiteki sekkei no tame no kisho data no chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For collecting solar radiation data necessary for the prediction of power to be outputted by photovoltaic power systems in Japan, detailed experiments and observations were conducted with an emphasis placed on the amount of solar radiation on a slope facing north and on the amount of solar radiation broken down by wavelength. Models were analyzed, and the fiscal 1999 results were compiled. In the validation of a model of solar radiation on an inclined surface, a review was conducted using the 1-year data observed at the Takasaki station for all directions, including solar radiation on the slope facing north, and the validity of the model was confirmed. As for the validation of a model for estimating solar radiation by duration of sunshine, it was examined for accuracy using the same data, and was found to be fairly high in accuracy. For the maintenance of solar radiation data for each wavelength, continuous observation was conducted for each wavelength of solar radiation at the Takasaki station using a multi-filter spectroradiometer, and a technique was established to determine spectral distribution using the observed data. Moreover, continuous observation of global diffused solar radiance was conducted using a sky scanner at the said station and solar cell power generation characteristics was continuously monitored. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for Fiscal 2000. International cooperative project for developing photovoltaic power system practicalization technology (General edition); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijustu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (Sogoban)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Fiscal 2000 international cooperation for the research, development, and popularization of photovoltaic power systems is compiled. In carrying out international cooperation relating to the photovoltaic power generation program of IEA (International Energy Agency), etc., officers were sent to the 15th and 16th executive committee meetings, where they deliberated on plan formulation and budget making. They also participated in the activities of Task 1: Exchange and dissemination of information on photovoltaic power systems, Task 2: Operational performance and design of photovoltaic power systems and subsystems, Task 3: Use of photovoltaic power systems in stand-alone and island applications, Task 5: Design and grid interconnection of building integrated and other dispersed photovoltaic systems, Task 7: Photovoltaic power systems in the built environment, Task 8: Study on very large scale photovoltaic power generation systems in deserts and other unexploited regions, and Task 9: Technical co-operation for photovoltaic market deployment. A discussion was made on the holding of a 4th IEA photovoltaic power system executive conference. In addition, Japan-Australia and Japan-Oman bilateral cooperative projects were implemented. (NEDO)

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Study on structural defects in silicon-based amorphous materials; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Amorphous silicon kei zairyo no kozo kekkan ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimizu, T [Kanazawa University, Ishikawa (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for structural defects of silicon-based amorphous materials for solar cells. The study on light generation defects of the a-Si:H system and rejuvenation process by annealing establishes the effects of light irradiation time on changed neutral dangling bond density as a result of light irradiation at varying temperature of 77K, room temperature and 393K. The study on annealing to rejuvenate light generation defects of various types of a-Si-H systems establishes the activation energy distribution with respect to annealing to remove light-induced defects, showing that hydrogen affects the distribution of light-induced defects. The study on decaying process of light-induced ESR for undoped and N-doped a-Si:H systems observes the decaying process of light-induced ESR, after light is cut off, extending for a period of several seconds to several hours at 77K for the a-Si-H systems containing N in a range from 0 to 12at%. The other results presented are space distribution of neutral defects of light-irradiated a-Si-H systems, and rejuvenation process of light-induced spin for the a-Si(1-x)N(x):H composition. 6 figs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Survey on environmental effects from photovoltaic power generation systems; 1998 nendo daikibo taiyoko hatsuden system no kankyo eikyo ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Different environmental effects may be assumed when large-size photovoltaic power generation systems are installed in vast unutilized lands including deserts. Knowledge having been acquired to date has been put into order on the following subjects as the pre-survey thereon: (1) environmental characteristics of desert areas, (2) discussions on environmental effects from (a) environmental assessment viewpoints, (b) contents of the environmental assessment, and (c) environmental assessment institutions, and (3) the survey policy. In discussing the environmental characteristics, it is revealed that desert areas are neither sterile nor unused, but pasturage and agriculture have been carried out in historical and traditional ways. In discussing the environmental effects, it was recognized that surveys on primary and secondary effects on the environmental are indispensable. With regard to the institutions, there are countries who have and have not the institutions even among the OECD member states. In addition, it was known that environments in the desert areas vary greatly according to the particular areas, whereas there are possibilities of installing the facilities because the effects of the facility locations on the environment are various. Therefore, it was decided to start from the case studies in locations of different types. (NEDO)

Sunshine Program for fiscal 1981. Development of practical application technologies for photovoltaic power systems (Management of research and development); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Kenkyu kaihatsu kanri

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

To gain a helpful guide toward the next process by properly evaluating the current project, evaluation of cost and inputted energy is indispensable. In fiscal 1981, as the first step of such evaluation effort, a manufacturing process model is built based on data about designing and manufacturing, and is subjected to analysis. Cost forming factors are extracted from the respective processes, and their relations are analyzed. Parameters are analyzed for the survey of energy that a system demands for operation. Test facilities now under construction are also subjected to a cost analysis. A system design document is prepared for cost analysis and for assisting the process improvement and evaluation work. For the establishment of low-cost mass-production technologies, it is necessary to reappraise the currently-employed technologies for all the processes. It is necessary to coordinate the basic processes in terms of dimension and efficiency to enable them to function as a continuous, consistent production process. Target values are set for the respective processes for an output of 500kW/year at a cell conversion efficiency of 9%. In selecting items to be specified and values to be attained, users' requests are fully considered. Details are prudently coordinated of conditions for delivery from a process to another. (NEDO)

Sunshine Program for fiscal 1981. Development of practical application technologies for photovoltaic power systems (Management of research and development); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Kenkyu kaihatsu kanri

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

To gain a helpful guide toward the next process by properly evaluating the current project, evaluation of cost and inputted energy is indispensable. In fiscal 1981, as the first step of such evaluation effort, a manufacturing process model is built based on data about designing and manufacturing, and is subjected to analysis. Cost forming factors are extracted from the respective processes, and their relations are analyzed. Parameters are analyzed for the survey of energy that a system demands for operation. Test facilities now under construction are also subjected to a cost analysis. A system design document is prepared for cost analysis and for assisting the process improvement and evaluation work. For the establishment of low-cost mass-production technologies, it is necessary to reappraise the currently-employed technologies for all the processes. It is necessary to coordinate the basic processes in terms of dimension and efficiency to enable them to function as a continuous, consistent production process. Target values are set for the respective processes for an output of 500kW/year at a cell conversion efficiency of 9%. In selecting items to be specified and values to be attained, users' requests are fully considered. Details are prudently coordinated of conditions for delivery from a process to another. (NEDO)

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Optimization of bandgap of chalcopyrite semiconductors; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Kinseitaihaba no saitekika no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konagai, M [Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-12-01

This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on research on optimization of bandgap in thin film compound solar cells. In research on Cu(InGa)Se2 thin film solar cells by using a gas phase selenide making process, discussions were given on optimizing the following three processes: a process to raise temperature of a precursor film formed at a substrate temperature of about 150{degree}C, a selenide making process to perform annealing at about 500{degree}C, and a temperature reducing process. Good characteristics were obtained when selenium amount in the precursor is about 50%. In a bandgap control viewpoint, it was found that the conversion efficiency decreases rapidly when Ga composition is higher than 50%. A conversion efficiency of 14.9% was obtained to date at the Ga/(In+Ga) ratio of 0.4. In research on Cu(InGa)Se2 thin film solar cells by using a simultaneous deposition method, a conversion efficiency of 13.5% was obtained at a bandgap width of about 1.3 eV during research on manufacturing ZnO/CdS/Cu(InGa)Se2 thin film solar cells by using the simultaneous deposition method. Research has been carried out on manufacturing Cu(InGa)Se2 thin film solar cells using ZnSe interface layers. 8 figs.

Photovoltaic power generation field test at Nisshin Techno-Center (Nisshin City, Aichi Prefecture); Nisshin tekuno center taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (Aichiken Nisshinshi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Otsuki, M. [Meitec Corp., Nagoya (Japan)

1997-05-30

A 20kW system is installed on the rooftop of a newly constructed building accommodating a study and training center and citizens` welfare facilities. The system in continuous operation under real loads (lighting, airconditioning) will provide various data useful in introducing further systems in the future and in verifying the effect of system installation cost reduction efforts. Single-crystal solar cells are used, which are located at latitude 35deg8prime north, longitude 137deg4prime east. The arrays are formed into two systems, 18 in series and 7 in parallel, and there are 252 modules. The arrays are inclined at 20deg and, in azimuth, swung 25deg westward from due south. The installation of this system forms a precedent, following which more may be introduced. Located in front of a station on Meitetsu Toyota Line, it advertises itself fully to the passengers getting on and off the train. Now that power consumption fluctuates very much in this district, heavy on Saturdays and Sundays and light in the daytime on weekdays, rare data not often available will be collected from this photovoltaic system. Since consideration space-wise has been fully made, visitors can study the photovoltaic system until they are satisfied, the system thus finding itself under conditions where advertisement can be effectively carried out. 14 figs., 1 tab.

Solar power generation test project at Sakata Nursery School (Oizumi town, Gunma prefecture); Sakata hoikuen taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (Gunmaken Oizumimachi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamoto, M.

1997-05-30

The solar power generation system was installed in fiscal 1996 on a south-facing roof of the Sakata Nursery School`s building. It has a capacity of 10kW, is used as the power source for illumination and air-conditioning, and for driving computers for children and office devices. It will demonstrate applicability and reliability of the solar system, and is expected to promote expanded application of solar systems in the local district. It is a single-crystalline modular system, operated at -20 to 40degC and connected to the low-voltage power transmission line with reverse power flow. It consists of 70 modules, with an array configuration of 5 series, 5 parallel and 2 lines, and 5 series, 4 parallel and 1 line, directed to the due south at the angle of incidence of 20deg. The cell is 103 by 103mm in size, and 96 cells are connected in series. It has a conversion efficiency of 12.7%. The optimum working voltage and current are 45.6V and 3.29A, and the maximum output is 150W. 5 figs., 3 tabs.

Photovoltaic power generating system; Sanso zetsuengata taiyoko inverter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nojima, T; Nakashima, T; Muta, Y; Takase, K; Hirayama, K [Nishimu Electronics Industries Co. Ltd., Saga (Japan)

1996-10-27

Nishimu Electronics Industries Co., Ltd. has developed a new series of inverters of three phase photovoltaic power generating system with the output ranging from 10 kVA to 50 kVA. For these inverters, the inverter and the system interconnection protector were integrated to make them smaller, lighter and cheaper. Stand-alone operation function was also added. The DC input voltage ranges were between 240 and 400 V for the crystalline solar cell, and between 170 and 400 V for the amorphous one. From the viewpoint of control of inverters, the inverters are generally controlled by the voltage-type current control method during the interconnection operation, while they must be controlled by the voltage-type voltage control method during the stand-alone operation which is the same as the UPS usually operated alone. For the present inverters, two control circuits for the interconnection operation and for the stand-alone operation were prepared. The control circuits for interconnection and stand-alone operations were switched using a cam-operation switch for change-over of operation. The results of the system interconnection verification tests satisfied the criteria of Japan`s Electronic Products Test Center. 3 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.

Evaluation and analysis of long-term operation data for a grid connected PV generation system; Nippon de hajimete no gyakuchoryu ari kojin jutaku taiyoko hatsuden system no choki unten jisseki no hyoka kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishida, T.; Kozuma, S.; Hagihara, R.; Kishi, H.; Uchihashi, K.; Tsuda, S.; Nakano, S. [Sanyo Denki Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Long-term operation of a photovoltaic power generation system installed in a private residence in Osaka in 1992 is evaluated. Since the sale of power by back flow was approved five years ago, it has been working continuously without troubles. The evaluation covers the array output coefficient, inverter performance, system output coefficient, and power generation and sale track records. The findings obtained are mentioned below. Regular seasonal changes are observed in the array output coefficient, high in winter and low in summer, but the variation is smaller in amorphous arrays than in polycrystalline arrays. The monthly level of inverter performance is almost in all months higher than 0.90 specified for standard operation. The overall system output coefficient is 0.749, which is higher than the average value in NEDO`s field test business report. A total of 7852kWh has been generated since the system started operation five years ago, of which 3787kWh or 48% has been sold. 3 refs., 9 figs., 5 tabs.

Development in fiscal 1999 of technology to put photovoltaic power generation system into practical use. Management of research and development (System development committee working group); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Kenkyu kaihatsu kanri (system kaihatsu bukai)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-05-01

This paper reports activities carried out in fiscal 1999 by the system development committee working group, a subordinate organization of the committee for development of the photovoltaic power generation technology. The items of implementation laid with emphasis in the current fiscal year included deliberations on the research achievements of the projects completed in fiscal 1999, on the research achievements of the new projects during fiscal 1999, and on pre-final evaluation of the development of a technology to put photovoltaic power generation system into practical use. The themes on the progresses in fiscal 1999 reported in March 2000 consisted of the followings: research and development of a system evaluation technology, investigation and research on supply capability evaluation on the photovoltaic power generation system, researches on peripheral devices for AC modules, investigation and research on electric safety of the photovoltaic power generation system, investigation and research on long-term reliability of inverters, investigation and research on meteorological data for optimal design, investigation and research on evaluation of the photovoltaic power generation, research on a photovoltaic power generating multi-hybrid system, research on a high-density linkage technology, and demonstrative research on a solar beam micro-hydraulic hybrid system. (NEDO)

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Survey on system and peripheral technologies for utilization of photovoltaic power; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Riyo system ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the survey results on systems and peripheral technologies for use of PV power in fiscal 1994. On the case study of PV communities, as housing zone PV community, Seibu Kitanodai housing estate mainly composed of detached houses, and the Suwa area of Tama New Town of apartment houses were selected to study PV power generation on a roof, wall and window. The result clarified that generated energy of a detached house reaches 3-4 times as much as consumed one, that of an apartment house is nearly equal to consumed one, and power generation of nearly 380MW is possible based on expected housing supply until 2000. As urban core zone PV community, the survey result on Ebisu Garden Place clarified that the expected PV power supply rate is 10% or more, 20% and 30% or more for hotel and office buildings, high-rise apartment building more than 30 stories, and medium-rise one of 10 and several stories, respectively. In Sakura industrial estate, the maximum generated power was nearly equal to consumed power in a weekday, and as inverse power flow in a holiday was considered, the annual PV power supply rate was extremely high.

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 on Sunshine Program. Practical application technologies for photovoltaic power systems (Development of peripheral technologies); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu seika hokokusho. Shuhen gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

As for their outputs, the 3kW separately-excited and self-excited photovoltaic power plants yield daily averages of 7.8kWh and 6.9kWh, respectively, and this means that the self-excited type is inferior to the separately-excited type in terms of conversion efficiency. Automatic measuring devices for photovoltaic characteristics are installed at Sapporo, Sendai, Nagoya, and Miyazaki, which will elucidate regional difference in photovoltaic characteristics. A simulation of photovoltaic characteristics is performed and the resultant value is compared with the yield of an experimental 3kW system, and the result of the comparison is found reasonable. Cell arrays are subjected to investigation for configurations lowest in output loss for the respective shadow patterns. Harmonic characteristics are analyzed under plural-interconnection circumstances. Studies are made to miniaturize and simplify system constituents, and it is found that a 3-hour storage is proper for a 3kW-class storage battery. It is also found that a self-excited type suffers less voltage fluctuation in interconnected operation on a small short-circuit capacity system. Possibilities are that independent operation is started when output is larger than load, which is to be detected by checking changes in phase, frequency, etc. Array configuration, arresters, and shielding wires are taken up for the study of measures to cope with direct thunder strokes. (NEDO)

Photovoltaic power generation field test at Kyodo Newspaper Co. Ltd. (Kakegawa city, Shizuoka prefecture); Kyodo shinbunsha taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (Shizuokaken Kakegawashi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Totsuka, T.

1997-05-30

Contents are reported of the fiscal 1996 field test of a photovoltaic power generation system installed on the roof surfaces of the parking lot of the above-named newspaper company. The system is used to supply power to the lights in the company office and to a light sign tower for local activities promotion (erected jointly by cities and towns in the neighborhood). It is a 10kW plant operating on system interconnection, provided with an array of 9-series/11-parallel configuration facing due south and inclined at an elevation angle of 15deg. It is so designed that solar cell mounts are installed on two roof surfaces so that space will be secured for the parking lot. The above-mentioned LED-aided light sign tower serves the purpose of informing people of photovoltaic power generation technology and the culture, history, and industry of the local communities involved. Basic data have been collected usable for standardizing the design for example of the mount for the establishment of guidelines for reduction in the system construction cost. Data have been also obtained that will help make propositions about the effective utilization of dead space outdoors. Since the system is installed making use of roof surfaces without affecting parking lot capacity, people`s understanding of the technology has been deepened and data of long-term operation following the experimental introduction and troubles have been collected, all these helping encourage the introduction of photovoltaic power generation

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use - Development of solar beam power generation and utilization systems and ancillary technologies (Research and development of building material integrated solar cell modules - high-durability roof modules); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (shinkenzai ittaigata taiyo denchi module no kenkyu kaihatsu (kotaikyusei yane module))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

With the target set on a system with a roof array efficiency of 8.5%, and a system cost of 170 yen/W, development is being made on a large roof panel and its construction technology, which is capable of AC output by integrating into a large roof panel the compound thin film solar cells having glass/CdS/CdTe/rear air chamber/rear metal, and the inverter. In the cell constituting materials and the structure design, sealants were evaluated, the painting process was developed, and two kinds of structures were prepared. The frameless type has a lamination structure, and a prototype module of 886 times 664 mm was fabricated, and the frame type has a double sealing structure, and a prototype module 600 times 900 mm was fabricated. Prototype modules that can be fixed on a rail type fixing stand were fabricated and constructed, having demonstrated sufficient workability. In addition, a prototype small inverter with system coordination protection was operated actually, and the initial stage malfunctions were corrected. Two demonstration buildings were built, and the whole process was performed from assembly and transportation of the modules and to the installation thereof at the construction site. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for Fiscal 2000. International cooperative project for developing photovoltaic power system practicalization technology (International Energy Agency (IEA)/Cooperative Program on Photovoltaic Power Systems (PVPS) implementing agreement - Executive committee meeting); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijustu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyoko hatsuden system kenkyu kyoryoku program jisshi kyotei shikko iinkai)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Cooperative endeavors of research and development, verification, analysis, information exchange, introduction acceleration, etc., were exerted through participation in the above-said PVPS program. At the 15th PVPS executive committee meeting held in this fiscal year, reconsideration was made about the commencement of new tasks, change of OAs (operating agents), change of participating countries, etc., whose current state was not correctly reflected in the existing implementation agreement. At the 16th PVPS executive committee meeting, discussions were made and conclusions were reached that the next executive committee meeting decide whether to change the chairman, that deliberation be made in 2003 to decide whether to hold the 4th IEA/PVPS executive conference in Japan, that the assessment of each of the tasks be carried out in fiscal 2001, and that Task I conduct studies about market implementation for the fruits of the research-centered activities in the past to hit the market, etc. Workshop meetings were held, where Australia, France, Italy, and Japan reported their PVPS research, development, and popularization efforts. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for Fiscal 2000. International cooperative project for developing photovoltaic power system practicalization technology (International Energy Agency (IEA)/Cooperative Program on Photovoltaic Power Systems (PVPS) implementing agreement - Task 1); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijustu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyoko hatsuden system kenkyu kyoryoku program jisshi kyotei task 1)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Fiscal 2000 participation in the above-named program is reported. At the Task 1 meeting of experts, electric power application in the participating countries was taken up and information was exchanged concerning the technical, economical, and environmental facets of photovoltaic power generation, efforts were made to disseminate the technology to non-participating countries, and coordination was established between the Tasks. For the preparation and publication of the ISR (International Survey Report), Japan would prepare and submit its NSR (National Survey Report) on Japan's photovoltaics-related policies, amounts of introduction and production, etc. The ISR was to be compiled by technical writers based on the NSRs submitted by the countries involved, to be bound into a book by September after supervision by the Task 1 staff and the executive committee. As for Market Implementation, it would be compiled under the leadership of Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, and Japan. An added-value workshop was held at Glasgow, the United Kingdom, in May 2000 with the participation of 53 representing 14 countries. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for Fiscal 2000. International cooperative project for developing photovoltaic power system practicalization technology (International Energy Agency (IEA)/Cooperative Program on Photovoltaic Power Systems (PVPS) implementing agreement - Task 1); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijustu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyoko hatsuden system kenkyu kyoryoku program jisshi kyotei task 1)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Fiscal 2000 participation in the above-named program is reported. At the Task 1 meeting of experts, electric power application in the participating countries was taken up and information was exchanged concerning the technical, economical, and environmental facets of photovoltaic power generation, efforts were made to disseminate the technology to non-participating countries, and coordination was established between the Tasks. For the preparation and publication of the ISR (International Survey Report), Japan would prepare and submit its NSR (National Survey Report) on Japan's photovoltaics-related policies, amounts of introduction and production, etc. The ISR was to be compiled by technical writers based on the NSRs submitted by the countries involved, to be bound into a book by September after supervision by the Task 1 staff and the executive committee. As for Market Implementation, it would be compiled under the leadership of Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, and Japan. An added-value workshop was held at Glasgow, the United Kingdom, in May 2000 with the participation of 53 representing 14 countries. (NEDO)

Research and development of evaluation system for photovoltaic power generation system. Survey on research and development of solar cell evaluation system; Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyo denchi hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the survey results on R and D of solar cell evaluation systems in fiscal 1994. The performance/reliability evaluation subcommittee continuously analyzed technical issues and discussed solution measures from the last fiscal year. On development of performance evaluation methods, improvement of measurement accuracy for laminated solar cells is the study issue to be solved. Although laminated solar cells are measured by multiple light source solar simulator, difficult spectrum compensation causes measurement errors. Collection and analysis of data for determining atmospheric conditions, and outdoor measurement experiment under the atmospheric conditions for reference solar light were carried out. The study on incident angle characteristics of laminated solar cells clarified that the deviation from COS characteristics is 1.0% or less at an incident angle of 30{degree}. The study on generated energy in solar cell module level in field clarified that generated energy and generation efficiency are proportional to intensity of solar radiation. 1 tab.

Research and development of evaluation system for photovoltaic power generation system. Research and development of evaluation systems for photovoltaic cells and modules; Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyo denchi hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the study results on R and D of the evaluation system for solar cells in fiscal 1994. (1) On development of the performance evaluation method for solar cells, data collection, analysis and measurement of atmospheric conditions necessary for outdoor measurement were carried out to improve the measurement accuracy of laminated solar cells. The validity of measurement methods was verified by comparing experimental results with outdoor measurement ones to improve the indoor measurement accuracy by multiple light source solar simulator. Generated energy in solar cell module level was also studied in field. (2) On development of the reliability evaluation method for solar cells, deterioration data were collected and analyzed by long-term exposure test. As a result, it was clarified that Pmax values are directly affected by seasonal change in air mass, and deterioration of solar cells is hardly found after exposure test for one year, showing a stable state. The characteristic recovery experiment of amorphous solar cell modules was carried out, and the accelerated deterioration test method of thin film cell modules was also studied. 2 figs.

Japanese aquaculture with thermal water from power plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuroda, T.

1977-01-01

The present level of thermal aquaculture, utilizing thermal water which is waste cooling water from nuclear power plant, in Japan is reported. There are 13 major potential areas for thermal aquaculture in cooperation with conventional type thermal power plants, seven of which are actually operating. Aquaculture facilities of all these are on land, none in the sea. Of these seven centers, those that have already commercialized their nursery methods or are approaching that stage of research and development, are Tohoku Hatsuden Kogyo Ltd., Tsuruga Hama Land Ltd. and Kyushu Rinsan Ltd. Major problems faced specialists in Japanese thermal aquaculture are water temperature, water quality, radioactivity and costs. For keeping the water temperature constant all seasons, cooling or heating by natural sea water may be used. Even negligible amounts of radioactivity that nuclear power plants release into the sea will concentrate in the systems of marine life. A strict precautionary checking routine is used to detect radioactivity in marine life. (Kobatake, H.)

Development of large scale wind energy conservation system. Development of large scale wind energy conversion system; Ogata furyoku hatsuden system no kaihatsu. Ogata furyoku hatsuden system no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takita, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for development of large scale wind energy conversion system. The study on technological development of key components evaluates performance of, and confirms reliability and applicability of, hydraulic systems centered by those equipped with variable pitch mechanisms and electrohydraulic servo valves that control them. The study on blade conducts fatigue and crack-propagation tests, which show that the blades developed have high strength. The study on speed-increasing gear conducts load tests, confirming the effects of reducing vibration and noise by modification of the gear teeth. The study on NACELLE cover conducts vibration tests to confirm its vibration characteristics, and analyzes three-dimensional vibration by the finite element method. Some components for a 500kW commercial wind mill are fabricated, including rotor heads, variable pitch mechanisms, speed-increasing gears, YAW systems, and hydraulic control systems. The others fabricated include a remote supervisory control system for maintenance, system to integrate the wind mill into a power system, and electrical control devices in which site conditions, such as atmospheric temperature and lightening, are taken into consideration.

Survey for making a data book on the new energy technological development (photovoltaic power generation); Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa (taiyoko hatsuden)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Data on the photovoltaic power generation are synthetically collected, systematized, and summarized as a data book on the photovoltaic power system. Main details are as follows: photovoltaic power systems were listed by usage, by size of power generation, and by authority concerned. Significance of adopting the photovoltaic system is stated at each level of each user of the country, local governments and individuals. As to the present situation of the solar cell market, solar cells were arranged in terms of production volume by region, production volume by type, production volume by company, shipment by usage, production amount, and price. With regard to policies of each country on the photovoltaic power system, those of advanced countries including Japan were summed up. Concerning the introduction of the system in each country, examples of the introduction were made clear, and at the same time the estimated volume of and the target for introduction of the photovoltaic power system were summarized. In respect to the subsidy system for the introduction of the photovoltaic power system, arranged were the subsidy system, the preferential tax system and the loan system.

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Research and development of photovoltaic power utilizing system and peripheral technologies (Research and development of novel type solar cell module integratable with building materials - Highly durable roof module); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (shinkenzai ittaigata taiyo denchi module no kenkyu kaihatsu - kotaikyusei yane module)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

A thin-film solar array, a large roof panel, and an interconnecting power conditioner are integrated into one and single structural member for the development of a residential photovoltaic power system in which a unit AC (alternating current) output is collected from each panel. In fiscal 1999, in the study of highly durable materials for solar cell modules and of their structure, a thin film compound solar cell module was enlarged to 82cm times 71cm, evaluated for performance, and installed on the third test house. In the study of collecting AC power from the solar cell module, a compact power conditioner for a roof panel which had been in test operation on the roof of the laboratory since 1998 was checked for practical performance, improved, and evaluated for system generation efficiency. In the study of a highly durable roof module structure, problems pertaining to heat radiation from the rear side steel sheet, the burning of the junction box, etc., were solved, and the module passed a verification test under the Building Standard Law. In the validation of the roof module for which power generation performance and meteorological conditions had already been continuously measured for 19 months, it was found that the roof module suffered no troubles such as water leak or deformation. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1995 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology, of which evaluation on weatherability of devices used in residential photovoltaic power generation system; 1995 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka no uchi jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden system kiki no taikosei hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Weatherability tests have been performed on devices used in the residential photovoltaic power generation system by means of exposure, with the objectives to analyze and evaluate the safety and reliability due to aging of the devices used in the residential photovoltaic power generation system. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1995. In the outdoor exposure test on solar cell modules, multi-crystalline silicon solar cell modules were selected as the test specimens, and thermo-couples were embedded in the modules to measure the temperatures. Also for the purpose of comparison, storage test specimens were stored in a constant temperature and humidity chamber. The exposure tests were carried out in three locations of the city of Choshi in Chiba Prefecture, the Miyako Island test site in Okinawa Prefecture, and the Miyako Island seashore. In the measurement and evaluation, appearance observation and measurements of output characteristics and insulation resistance were executed in summer and winter. No noticeable changes were observed in the measurements after lapse of four months and six months. In the outdoor exposure tests of metal test pieces, aluminum alloys were tested for corrosion caused by contact with different kinds of metals. Although the test period was short in the current fiscal year, difference in corrosion degrees in the aluminum alloys was found already in three months. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1996 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology, of which evaluation on weatherability of devices used in residential photovoltaic power generation system; 1996 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka no uchi jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden system kiki no taikosei hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Weatherability tests have been performed on devices used in the residential photovoltaic power generation system by means of exposure, with the objectives to analyze and evaluate the safety and reliability due to aging of the devices used in the residential photovoltaic power generation system. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1996. In the outdoor exposure tests on solar cell modules, results of the tests were derived for up to 18 months after the start of the exposure at Choshi City, Miyako Island and the Miyako Island seashore. In the appearance observation, some white rust has appeared in the contact section of the aluminum frames of the solar cell modules and fixing screws, which have been exposed at Miyako Island and the Miyako Island seashore, but no changes that may give influence on the performance of the solar cells have been observed. The results showed performance similar to or slightly inferior to that before the exposure as a whole. The insulation resistances were all found good. According to the result of the outdoor exposure test of metal test pieces, noticeable difference in the corrosion degrees was recognized in the contact corrosion section of the aluminum alloys exposed in three areas having different meteorological and environmental factors. Electroplated zinc was found to have severer pitting corrosion in the contact sections than treatment-free zinc. (NEDO)

Field tests of photovoltaic power generation at the Fukuroi Mitsukawa Hospital in Fukuroi City, Shizuoka Prefecture; Fukuroishi Mitsukawa byoin taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (Shizuokaken Fukuroishi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Namikawa, K

1996-05-30

A 30 kW-scale photovoltaic power generation system has been installed on the roof of an existing hospital. Various data have been collected to prove the applicability and stability of the system. The system was designed so as to be suitable for installing on the roof with high-wind. Structures of the frame and base were decided by considering the load and high-wind. The selection of design and materials for this system on the roof with high-wind due to the topography is expected to be technically proven. This field test is the first for private hospitals. The power can be supplied to medical equipment during outage at disasters. The introduction of a system having the self-function is also the first case. Brochure illustrating the outline of this system and the mechanism of photovoltaic power generation system was made and distributed to the public offices, hospitals, and visitors inside and outside the prefecture. Effectiveness of the photovoltaic power generation system has been positively diffused. A display board showing various conditions is placed in the entrance lounge, to diffuse and promote the system. 12 figs., 1 tab.

Research report for fiscal 1997 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology, of which evaluation on weatherability of devices used in residential photovoltaic power generation system; 1997 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka no uchi jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden system kiki no taikosei hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

With the objectives to analyze and evaluate the safety and reliability due to aging of the devices used in the residential photovoltaic power generation system, weatherability tests have been performed on devices used in the residential photovoltaic power generation system by means of exposure. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1997. In the outdoor exposure tests on multi-crystalline silicon solar cell modules at Choshi City, Miyako Island and the Miyako Island seashore, the output characteristics after the exposure tests showed a result that the insolation intensity and the change in the short circuit current are approximately proportional, and the temperature in the module and the change in the open voltage are inversely proportional. The module characteristics retention rate showed no change in the 29-month exposure at all of the three exposure locations. The insulation resistance in the exposure test specimens have been good at 2,000 M{omega} or more in all the locations until 18 months have elapsed. However, the test specimens in Miyako Island and the Miyako Island seashore showed 99 M{omega} after 23 months, and 129 to 1,774 M{omega} after 29 months. According to the outdoor exposure tests of metal test pieces, noticeable difference was found in corrosion due to difference in the environment by each exposure location, whose order of the corrosion degree was the Miyako Island seashore > Miyako Island > Choshi City. (NEDO)

FY 1997 - FY 2000 reports on the results of the development of commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. Summary. R and D of the photovoltaic power generation utilization system/periphery technology (R and D of high reliability storage batteries); 1997-2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho (Sokatsu ban). - Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu, Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (Koshinraisei chikuden sochi no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The R and D/evaluation were made from FY 1997 to FY 2000 of lead storage batteries that are applicable to the use for the absorption of abrupt power variations in photovoltaic power generation and peak shift/emergency use power source, and the results were summed up. In the study for prolonging the life, the following were carried out: development of the inexpensive corrosion-resistant lead alloy positive grid applicable to the photovoltaic power generation, development of the negative active material with a high sulfation control effect, selection of silica powder as electrolyte retainer, development of the charging control technology by the multi-stage constant current method, etc. As a result, energy density of the battery was more than 70W/L as a target, and the target life of 3,000 cycles was achieved in the life test. Further, cost reduction and deterioration judgment were studied. In the study of the group of batteries, a management system for group of batteries was developed. As a result of the 1-year field test, there were no problems on durability of the storage case, temperature difference among batteries, rise in temperature, etc. As to the developed seal type lead storage battery, the applicability to the photovoltaic power generation was acquired. (NEDO)

Report `A field test project for the disaster prevention type photovoltaic power generation (Kobe city, Hyogo prefecture)`; `Bosaigata taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (Hyogoken Kobeshi)` hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-09-12

An experiment was conducted on the introduction of the disaster prevention type photovoltaic power system provided with storage batteries to public facilities, etc., considering not only the use of new energy from the environmental aspect, but the emergency use. In fiscal 1995, 5kW-output photovoltaic power systems were installed on the rooftop of Hiyodori and Takamaru regional welfare centers and a 30kW photovoltaic power system on the rooftop of the Hyogo Ward Office. Demonstrative tests of these systems started for collection of various data. Now that the systems were installed at the regional welfare center managed mostly by regional citizens and the ward office which is an administrative office familiar with regional residents, the understanding of and familiarity with the photovoltaic power system were obtained from regional residents, and also people were enlightened on the use of solar energy in such a point as economization of power rates using the interconnected power system. Further, for life supports, it was made possible to secure minimum electric power in emergency and to secure functions of disaster prevention spots. 3 figs.

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Research on surface passivation for high-efficiency silicon solar cells; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Hyomen passivation no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saito, T [Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Technology

1994-12-01

This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on surface passivation of high-efficiency silicon solar cells. In research on carrier recombination on SiO2/doped silicon interface, measurements were carried out on minority carrier life with respect to p-type silicon substrates with which phosphorus with high and low concentrations are diffused uniformly on the surface and non-uniformly on the back and then oxidized. The measurements were performed for the purpose of evaluating the carrier recombination at p-n junctions. Effective life time of oxidized test samples increased longer than that of prior to the oxidization as a result of effect of surface passivation contributing remarkably. In research on reduction in carrier recombination on SiO2/Si interface by using H radical annealing, experiments were conducted by using a method that uses more active H-atoms. As a result, it was revealed that the reduction effect is recognized at as low temperature as 200{degree}C, and photo-bias effect is also noticeable. Other research activities included analytic research on minority carrier recombination on micro crystalline silicon/crystalline silicon interface, and experimental research on evaluation of minority carrier life of poly-crystalline silicon wafers. 6 figs.

Soft switching buck-boost converter for photovoltaic power generation; Taiyoko hatsuden no tame no soft switching shokoatsu converter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, H. [Kyungnam University (Korea, Republic of)

1996-10-27

A soft switching method with small switching loss was proposed for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of a DC-DC boost converter which converted a DC current generated by solar cells to a variable DC current. Existing current converters are supplemented by using a snubber circuit around the switch so as to protect the switch by a hard switching action. However, with an increase of the output current, snubber loss is increased, reducing the efficiency. In order to solve this problem, the partial resonant switch method was applied to the converter; with this method of partially forming a resonant circuit only at the time of turning on/off of the switch, the switching loss was reduced through the soft switching, thereby making the proposed converter operate with high efficiency. Moreover, the resonant element of the partial resonant circuit using a snubber condenser, the energy accumulated in the condenser was regenerated on the power supply side without loss of snubber. With the regenerated energy, the proposed converter was provided with a smaller ratio of switching to use than the conventional converter. 4 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

Research and development of peripheral technology for photovoltaic power systems. Study of nickel-hydride storage battery for photovoltaic generation systems; Shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyoko hatsuden`yo suiso denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the study results on R and D of nickel-hydride storage battery for photovoltaic generation systems in fiscal 1994. (1) On the study on low-cost electrode materials, the physical properties and electrode characteristics were studied of the prototype hydrogen absorbing alloys prepared by substituting Cu or Ni for Co in Mm(Ni-Co-Mn-Al)5 (Mm: mixture of rare earth elements). The result clarified that it is difficult to reduce Co content in the alloy to 0.4 atom or less. Simple heat treatment and milling processes in production of hydrogen absorbing alloy electrodes were achieved by adopting an improved metal mold and gas atomization method. Characteristics and cycle life of the Ni positive electrode prepared by applying active paste material of Ni(OH)2 were studied, however, the result showed only lives of nearly 300 cycles. (2) On the study on electrode structure for high-performance (long-life) battery, the 3-D porous metal electrode support was evaluated, and various battery configurations were studied. 11 figs., 1 tab.

Researches regarding a constructing problem of a PV system. Part 1. Conscious investigation by means of a questionnaire survey; Taiyoko hatsuden system ni okeru kenchikuteki shomondai no kenkyu. 1. Anketo chosa ni yoru ishiki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakajima, Y; Yamazaki, R; Kuroki, T [Kogakuin University, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

The installation and introduction of photovoltaic power generation systems (PVS) in buildings are growingly expected in the construction field from now, coupled with the marketing of a solar cell module as a product for a construction material in the form of an external wall or a roof material for example. For this purpose, it is necessary at first to summarize problems that may arise at the time of or after the installation of PVS as a product. This paper examines an opinion poll, degree of recognition, current problems, etc., of PVS as a result of a questionnaire survey given to engineers and architects engaged in the actual construction business. The degree of recognition and interest was very high. Consultation or request for PVS installation was much more than predicted in numbers. Roughly 50% of the respondents reacted positively for the future installation request of PVS and, combined with the respondents who answered to look into the installation tentatively, not less than 90% were of a forward-looking opinion. The 85% of the respondents was not aware of the monitor business system for residential PVS. Further, the survey clearly brought out the importance of cost problems. 1 ref., 11 figs., 3 tabs.

Research and development of evaluation system for photovoltaic power generation system. Research and survey on test and evaluation method for BOS component devices; Taiyoko hatsuden system hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu. Shuhen gijutsu hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the study results on R and D of the evaluation method for BOS component devices in fiscal 1994. (1) On the study on requirements of BOS component devices for practical use, the study results on storage battery, inverter, protective device for system interconnection, and effective use means for storage battery were summarized. On the future device technology, it was clarified that the following value added technologies are promising: simple design of inverter circuit, cost reduction by common specification and mass production, and stabilization of voltage and compensation of momentary peak load by combining inverter with small-capacity storage batteries. (2) On the study on the performance test method for BOS component devices, basic characteristic (capacity, efficiency) test, PSOC charge/discharge cycle test, and accelerated life cycle test were performed for 4 kinds of new storage batteries developed by NEDO. The whole characteristic test results satisfied specifications, and long-term cycle test is in promotion for all new storage batteries. 3 figs., 4 tabs.

Research cooperation project in fiscal 2001. Research cooperation on putting into practical use of district complying type photovoltaic power generation system; 2001 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Chiiki tekigo gata taiyoko hatsuden system tou no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

Research cooperation has been performed with an intention of establishing technologies to develop a design program for photovoltaic power generation systems suitable for the diverse natural and social conditions in China, the performance inspections and quality enhancement thereon. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2001. For installing the photovoltaic power generation system, procurement, transportation and installation were carried out in Gansu Province for a 8.4 kW integrated system and in Qinghai Province for 10 kW and 12 kW integrated systems. Visits were made to the sites to confirm the operating conditions, and maintenance and management conditions of the systems having been installed to date. With regard to performance evaluation devices of the cells and modules, some pieces of the equipment were repaired and re-adjusted, and training for using them was executed. Eight persons have visited Japan from China and participated in the training in Japan for utilization and operation of the photovoltaic power generation systems for the persons involved in the system operation. In addition, in order to determine the future information exchange directions, workshops were held with PV experts and manufacturers participating from Japan to exchange items of information. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1999. Development of technology to put photovoltaic power generation system into practical use by international cooperation project (Executive Committee meetings for treaty of executing IEA photovoltaic power generation system research cooperation program - IEA/PVPS); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyoko hatsuden system kenkyu kyoryoku program jisshi kyotei (shikko iinkai))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The 13th and 14th Executive Committee meetings were held. The resolutions adopted at the 13th Executive Committee meeting (Lausanne, Switzerland, May 3 through 5, 1999) were the approval of the Task VIII as a new IEA/PVPS task, the feasibility study on large scale photovoltaic power generation utilizing unused land such as desert (the operating agent country being Japan headed by Mr. Kando, chief researcher at NEDO and Professor Kurokawa) and the Task IX, proliferation of photovoltaic power generation under coordination with developing countries (the operating agent country being England headed by Mr. Bernard McNelis (IT Power) and that the task I operating agent country is substituted jointly by the three countries of Australia, Holland and Switzerland for six months. The resolutions adopted at the 14th Executive Committee meeting (Oslo, Norway, October 18 through 20, 1999) were appointing Australia as the Task I operating agent country headed by Mr. G. Watt, setting a web site of IEA/PVPS, issuing the annual report for fiscal 1998 in early 2000, and holding the Executive Committee meetings for fiscal 2000 in Canada (Quebec, April 17 through 19, 2000), and Italy (October 16 through 18, 2000). (NEDO)

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Research on low temperature deposition of polycrystalline thin films; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Teion seimaku gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sato, K [Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Technology

1994-12-01

This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on a technology of low temperature deposition of polycrystalline thin films for solar cells. This research used ITO coated glass substrates, on which CdS was accumulated to a thickness of about 100 nm by using the CBD process, and over this deposition a CuInSe2 film was formed at 300{degree}C by using the ion cluster beam (ICB) process. The manufactured solar cells with a glass/ITO/CdS/CuInSe2/Au structure had an efficiency of 2%. In manufacturing a CuGaSe2 thin film by using the ICB process, effects of acceleration voltage relative to cluster beams and ionization current were investigated. It was found that the film morphology, the result of analysis by using X-ray diffraction, and the electric conductivity are sensitive to the ionization current. From these findings, an optimum film forming condition was derived. A CuGaSe2 thin film was manufactured by using the ICB process over a Cds thin film deposited by using the CDB process. Both of the surface morphology and X-ray diffraction patterns of the film did not show a large change, indicating a possibility of manufacturing cells with a reverse structure. Effects of heat treatment on CuInSe2 monocrystals were evaluated by using ESR and FTIR. 6 figs., 1 tab.

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Survey on the specific purpose modules; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyoto module ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the survey results on the specific purpose modules for photovoltaic power generation in fiscal 1994. (1) On the feasibility survey on new application fields, it was clarified that photovoltaic power generation is applicable to extensive areas such as farmland, road, railway and public facility as latent demand sites. (2) On the optimum modules for various specific purposes, the structure, production method, cost estimation and issues of various modules were studied for desert, wasteland, coast, ocean, river, embankment, railway, road, mobile facility and arcade. (3) On the survey on new materials and material development, various conventional materials and materials promising for required performance were surveyed for every application. (4) On the survey on technology trends, the survey members participated in the first international photovoltaic energy conversion conference and the photovoltaic power generation workshop, while the members held the 1st-5th specific purpose module subcommittees. 1 tab.

Photovoltaic power generation field test at Saigo Police Station (police station in a heavy-snow district); Saigo keisatsusho taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (sekisetsu chiku no keisatsusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsuo, S. [Shimane Prefectural Police Department, Shimane (Japan)

1997-05-30

Contents of a fiscal 1996 photovoltaic power generation field test at a police station in a heavy-snow district are reported. The system is on the rooftop of the garage of Saigo Police Station, Saigo-cho, Shimane Prefecture, and is used for lighting, airconditioning, etc., in the police station. It is 15kW in capacity and operates on high-voltage interconnection (with back flow). The array is a 9-series/17-parallel (polycrystalline modules) system, facing 15deg eastward from due south and inclined at an angle of elevation of 17deg. Dead space on the roof is used for solar cell installation, and the applicability and stability of the photovoltaic power generation system, as installed at a police station in a heavy-snow district, were verified and, at the same, operation data were collected. The data will serve as guidelines for construction in the future, and will enable understanding about how a distributed type power generation plant should be on an isolated island. The compilation of various data about its system interconnection (with back flow) with the commercial power source is meaningful because it will work effectively in popularizing the photovoltaic power generation system. Efforts to appeal to the local population are under way, which includes letting visitors into a terrace, distributing advertising pamphlets, etc., which are quite effective in enlightening people of the new energy producing technology

Development of large scale and wind energy conservation system. Operational studies on a large-scale wind energy conservation system; Ogata furyoku hatsuden system no kaihatsu. Ogata furyoku hatsuden system no unten kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takita, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for operational studies on a large-scale wind energy conversion system. A total of 8 domestic and foreign cases are studied for wind energy conversion cost, to clarify the causes for higher cost of the Japanese system. The wind power systems studied include Japanese (5 units at Tappi Wind Park, the same type supplied by company M), US (California Wind Farm, 300 units) and UK (Wales Wind Farm, 103 units) systems. The investment costs are 639, 285 and 189 thousand yen/kW for the Japanese, US and UK systems, respectively. It is also revealed that the power plant itself and assembling costs account for a majority (70 to 88%) of the total investment cost. The higher cost of the Japanese system results from a smaller number of units installed, and the power plant cost can be drastically reduced by mass production. Increasing size also reduces cost greatly.

Survey for making a data book related to the development of new energy technology (the photovoltaic power generation); Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa (taiyoko hatsuden)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

A data book related to the photovoltaic power generation was made as a part of the systematical preparation of new energy related data. The paper arranged the importance of introducing the photovoltaic power system and the CO2 reduction effect at levels such as the government, local government, industries and individuals which are users. Described were the production quantity by region/type/company, shipment by usage, production amount and prices of solar cells. Arranged was the situation of policies on the photovoltaic power generation in Japan and developed countries. Examples of the introduction in countries including Japan were examined to know the introduction quantity and target. The paper introduced the subsidy system, preferential tax system and loan system for the introduction of the photovoltaic power system in Japan. The flow was summed up from the planning of the system introduction to the installation. The status of handling with the system introduction of government related organs and local governments was stated. The paper showed a list of the companies related to the photovoltaic power system and the references of solar cell makers and solar system installation makers. The development is so quickly made that the renewal every year of the system and the quality enhancement are required. 32 figs., 112 tabs.

Design manual of the wind power system; Furyoku hatsuden system no sekkei manual

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the promotion/introduction of the wind power generation in Japan, systematical arrangement was made on items, standards/related laws, etc. to be considered upon designing the wind power system, further describing design examples of the standard system (case study). Out of the items necessary for the design, as to the investigation, arranged were matters and methods to be field-surveyed such as the site situation, surroundings, radio wave hindrance, noise hindrance, measurement, geology, etc. Concerning the determination of sizes of wind turbines to be introduced, procedures for setting sizes of wind turbines suitable for the places proposed for the installation were described. In the design, the knacks were summed up of designing wind power generation facilities, electric equipment, electric works, civil engineering, and measuring instrument. As to the working plan, indicated were the points to be taken notice of in the plan and the standard working process. Also shown were the evaluation method of economic efficiency, etc. In addition, the paper includes the related laws, system design examples, and the data attached. 10 refs., 13 figs., 59 tabs.

Study on closed cycle MHD generation systems; Closed cycle MHD hatsuden system no kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1988-03-01

The closed cycle noble gas MHD generation systems are surveyed and studied. The concept of closed cycle noble gas MHD generation is confirmed to extract high enthalpy, and now going into the engineering demonstration stage from the basic research stage. These systems have various characteristics. The highest working temperature is around 1,700 degrees C, which is close to that associated with the existing techniques. Use of helium or argon gas as the working fluid makes the system relatively free of various problems, e.g., corrosion. It can attain a much higher efficiency than the combined cycle involving gas turbine. It suffers less heat loss in the passages, is suitable for small- to medium-capacity power generation systems, and copes with varying load. The compact power generation passages decrease required size of the superconducting magnet. The technical problems to be solved include optimization of power generation conditions, demonstration of durability of the power generation passages, injection/recovery of the seed material, treatment of the working gas to remove molecular impurities, and development of heat exchangers serviceable at high temperature produced by direct combustion of coal. The conceptual designs of the triple combined system are completed. (NEDO)

Data book on new energy technology development in FY 1997. Installations of photovoltaic (PV) power generation; Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa. Taiyoko hatsuden jireishu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The present survey places particular emphasis on the field of PV power generation systems, and intends to collect data on solar cell application products and PV power generation system installation cases, to classify them according to their usage and to compile a collection of case records including photographs. For the data collection, two formats have been adopted. A format for the solar cell-based products includes a picture of the product, and information on solar cell output and commercialization status. Another format for the installation of PV power systems includes a picture of the installation, and information on location, output level, system type, PV module type, owner, and date of installation. The application of solar cells was classified into 14 fields, i.e., consumer appliances, road and traffic, railroad, general industries, housing related, automobiles, agriculture, ocean development, disaster prevention and safety, amenity, developing countries, buildings, public facilities, and environment. A total of 241 valid cases have been collected. Overseas products and installation cases are often characterized by new applications and innovative design, and contain a lot of useful suggestions for promoting the spread of PV technology in Japan

Fiscal 1999 research report. Data collection for development of new energy technology (Photovoltaic power generation); 1999 nendo shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa (taiyoko hatsuden) hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As a part of systematic data preparations on new energy technology, this research aims at collection and analysis of data on domestic and overseas applications, diffusion targets, concrete examples, policies, laws, subsidy systems, and the latest technology development trends of photovoltaic power generation, and at preparation of its basic data through integration and systematization of the collected data. The research items are as follows: domestic and overseas applications, diffusion targets, concrete examples, policies, laws, subsidy systems, productions of solar cells, typical photovoltaic power generation costs, trial calculations of CO{sub 2} reduction in photovoltaic power generation, technology development trends, technology development issues, issues for faster diffusion, configurations and conceptual charts of photovoltaic power systems, and major domestic and overseas trends. As a supplement, domestic and overseas manufacturers of solar cells, and manufacturers of photovoltaic power systems are listed with their addresses. The solar cell production capacities of major countries are also arranged. (NEDO)

FY 2000 research cooperation project on the research cooperation for the commercialization of the regional adaptation type photovoltaic power generation system, etc. Research cooperation for the commercialization of the methane fermentation gas fuel cell power generation system; 2000 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Chiiki tekigogata taiyoko hatsuden system to no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku (Metan hakko gas nenryo denchi hatsuden system no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research cooperation for the commercialization of methane fermentation gas fuel cell power generation system was made in a stock farm in Guangzhou city, China, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. In the project, the methane fermentation gas is recovered from animal faces, and a power generation system by fuel cell using the gas as fuel is constructed, and at the same time the waste is made compost and used as manure. In this fiscal year, the starting ceremony was made at the stock farm in Guangzhou city in June, and the main body of fuel cells was carried in and assembled. The trial operation of the system was successfully made in March 2001. At the same time, survey of the waste water from the farm and methane fermentation was made with accuracy. Survey was further made of the actual state of the recent energy supply/demand and the present situation of renewable energy as measures taken for non-electrification areas and environmental problems. As a result, the importance of further cooperation with the China side was emphasized in terms of the securing of animals/faces, optimum methane fermentation/recovery from animal faces, optimization of electric power of the area and environmental response, etc. (NEDO)

Data book on new energy technology development in FY 1997. Photovoltaic (PV) power generation; Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa. Taiyoko hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of understanding the present status of photovoltaic power system (PVPS) and supporting its promotion, various data were collected. The significance of adopting PV power technology was specified for customers of various levels, such as nation, local communities, industries and individual households, to clarify the CO2 reduction effect and energy pay-back time. Data illustrate the solar cell production according to region, cell types, industries, applications, production value, and market price. Policies for PVPS in industrial countries were compared with those in Japan. Distribution of PVPS in various countries was compared with that in Japan in respect to installations and purposes of the introduction of PVPS. Financial aid programs such as subsidies, tax benefits and loans for the installation of PVPS in Japan were listed. The trend of PV-related budget of MITI was shown with every project`s description. Steps of introducing PVPS from plan to installation were depicted in the form of flow chart. Were shown measures sponsored by the government or local organizations to promote PVPS. Domestic and foreign firms related to PVPS including PV module suppliers, and PV installation contractors were listed

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Study of carrier dynamics in a-Si from optical and optoelectronic properties; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenky kaihatsu. Amorphous silicon no koden tokusei to sono carrier dynamics no kogakuteki kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hamakawa, K [Osaka University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering Science

1994-12-01

This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on an optical study of optoelectronic properties of amorphous silicon and its carrier dynamics. Studies have been performed on elucidation of the optoelectronic conversion mechanism in an a-Si film p-i-n junction system and the relationship of the mechanism with the optoelectronic properties. In the studies, optically induced defect level distribution was evaluated by using the modulated optical current spectroscopy, and confirmation was made on model forecast and qualitative agreement, such as large increase in neutral defect levels in association with beam irradiation. In research on elucidation of a film forming mechanism for a-Si based alloys, and material property control, a high-sensitivity reflective infrared spectroscopy was used to observe mechanisms such as treatments and processes given in device fabrication. In research on optical and optoelectronic properties of an s-Si alloy thin film by using the modulated spectroscopy, a new evaluation technology dealing with amorphous semiconductors was developed. The technology separately evaluates carrier migration factors of electrons and holes by combining polarization angle dependence of electro-absorption signals with hole migration measurements. 4 figs.

Load averaging system for co-generation plant; Jikayo hatsuden setsubi ni okeru fuka heijunka system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ueno, Y. [Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1995-07-30

MAZDA Motor Corp. planed the construction of a 20.5MW co-generation plant in 1991 for responding to an increase in power demand due to expansion of the Hofu factory. On introduction of this co-generation plant, it was decided that the basic system would adopt the following. (1) A circulating fluidized bed boiler which can be operated by burning multiple kinds of fuels with minimum environmental pollution. (2) A heat accumulation system which can be operated through reception of a constant power from electric power company despite a sudden and wide range change in power demand. (3) A circulating-water exchange heat recovery system which recovers exhaust heat of the turbine plant as the hot water to be utilized for heating and air-conditioning of the factory mainly in winter. Power demand in MAZDA`s Hofu factory changes 15% per minute within a maximum range from 20MW to 8MW. This change is difficult to be followed even by an oil burning boiler excellent in load follow-up. The circulating Fluidized bed boiler employed this time is lower in the follow-up performance than the oil boiler. For the newly schemed plant, however, load averaging system named a heat accumulation system capable of responding fully to the above change has been developed. This co-generation plant satisfied the official inspection before commercial operation according the Ministerial Ordinance in 1993. Since then, with regard to the rapid load following, which was one of the initial targets, operation is now performed steadily. This paper introduces an outline of the system and operation conditions. 10 refs.

Report of a photovoltaic power generation field test at Deigo-en, an old people`s home, in Ginoza village, Okinawa prefecture; Deigoen taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (Okinawaken Ginozamura) hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-07-26

A photovoltaic power generation system was installed on the roof of Deigo-en, a special nursing home for the aged, to collect various operation data through a long-term operation. This photovoltaic power generation system has an output of 99 kW, batteries, and functions of inverse power flow and self-operation. The solar cell module is the polycrystal system, its conversion efficiency is 12.6%, and the maximum output is 108.2 W. The array configuration is composed of 2 sets of 9 series and 51 parallels, and totally 918 modules are used. This system supplies the power for lighting and air conditioning, which are indispensable for living of 105 old-age dwellers in the home, as well as for refrigerator for storing foods, and medical equipment for maintaining their health. At the outage caused by typhoon, other disasters, or emergency, crisis management is conducted using the batteries and self-operation function, which enables to supply energy with a function of an evacuation place. Arrangement and analysis of the long-term operation data and trouble examples are to be carried out. 13 figs.

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on new type solar cell); 1976 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Shingatashiki taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-05-30

This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on new type solar cells for photovoltaic power systems. On junction formation, the solar cell fabricated by spray coating showed output characteristics equivalent to that by rotary coating or phase diffusion, and inexpensive coating liquid, 1/40 of commercially available liquid in price, showed a sufficient result, however, the conversion efficiency of P{sup +}/N elements was insufficient. Schottky barrier polycrystal Si thin film was suitable for large-area elements without any property degradation. Small grain boundary density of polycrystal layers was also necessary. Temperature characteristics of collector element structure with a comb electrode were calculated theoretically. Change in diffusion length of minority carriers due to temperature well agreed between measured and calculated ones. Optimization calculation was also carried out. The size, curve, weight and transmissivity of plastic and glass materials for solar cell packaging were evaluated by continuous outdoor exposure tests. Fluorinated ethylene-propylene, methyl methacrylate and polycarbonate plates and glass were the most promising materials because of less deformation. (NEDO)

FY1999 technological development of wind power generation systems for islands. Development of wind power generation systems in islands; 1999 nendo ritoyo furyoku hatsuden system nado gijutsu kaihatsu. Rito ni okeru furyoku hatsuden system no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

With an objective of developing wind power generation systems that suit small to medium size islands in Japan, conceptual design was made on a 100-kW class wind mill to satisfy such requirements as no need of large heavy machines, and gust resisting performance. Investigations were performed on sites suitable for demonstration tests thereof. This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1999. In investigating the site location feasibilities, which took small to medium size islands in Okinawa Prefecture as the discussion objects, environmental investigation, wind condition forecast and investigation, and system linkage investigation were carried out, whereas one point each in three islands were extracted as the promising sites. The system discussion and design called for wind velocity resistance of 80 m/s, system linkage percentage of 40% at maximum, power generation cost of 20 yen per kWh, design life of 20 years, constructability of requiring no large heavy machines, and operation mode of diesel hybrid use. Along with these specifications, conceptual design was performed on the system constituting elements, such as wind mill blades, generators, electric power control devices, and towers. In the blade aerodynamic test, wind tunnel tests were executed by using three types of blade wings. Sample blades were fabricated for the preparation of blade material tests. (NEDO)

Research and development of peripheral technology for photovoltaic power systems. Research and development of redox flow battery for photovoltaic power generation; Shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyoko hatsuden`yo redox denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the study results on R and D of redox flow battery for photovoltaic power generation in fiscal 1994. (1) On the production method of electrolyte, silica reduction treatment was attempted to use ammonium metavanadate recovered from boiler as electrolyte of redox flow battery. Silica removal rates more than 90% were achieved by crystallizing V as polyvanadate while keeping molten silica. It was ascertained in minicell experiment that trivalent and quadrivalent V electrolytes produced from recovered V are applicable to continuous charge/discharge operation for one week. (2) On development of battery systems, the relation between battery characteristics and physicochemical properties of carbon fiber electrodes was studied to improve carbon fiber electrodes. The efficiency of 80% was achieved at current density of 160mA/cm{sup 2} by use of layered electrodes, resulting in considerable cost reduction. Performance evaluation operation of the 2kW battery prepared in the last fiscal year was also carried out. 4 figs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. R and D of the photovoltaic power generation utilization system/periphery technology (R and D of the new solar cell module integrated with construction materials - Investigative study on analysis for commercialization); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu, Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system, shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (Shinkenzai ittaigata taiyodenchi mojuru no kenkyu kaihatsu - Jitsuyoka kaiseki ni kansuru chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of supporting the study for commercialization of the new module integrated with construction materials, survey of the technical trend of the new module integrated with construction materials in Japan and abroad was conducted, and the FY 2000 results were summarized. As to the module material correspondent to construction materials, the results of the survey made in the past three years were summarized, and the subjects to be considered in future were arranged from a viewpoint of disposal/recycle of modules. Concerning the marketability, various policies for the spread of solar cell module that is an immature good were arranged. Survey was also made of the photovoltaic power system using the field test project as a sample, and the following were made clear: The photovoltaic power generation has appeal for environmental consideration and energy conservation; In some cases, the power generation effect was not as much as expected because the information on design/construction is not sufficient. Relating to the evaluation of its effect on the environment, the paper summarized the environmental influence in each of the module methods at each stage of production/utilization/disposal and the basic items for measures to cope with the influence. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use - Research and development of solar beam power generation and utilization systems and ancillary technologies (Investigations and researches on meteorological data for optimal design); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (saiteki sekkei no tame no kisho data no chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Observations are being made in Takasaki City, Gunma Prefecture on insolation, putting emphasis on the north side, and insolation by wavelengths to put insolation estimation model on the north side slope into order. This is an attempt to put into order by using the model the data for insolation on slope in all azimuth, taking the meteorological offices all over the country as the object. With regard to monthly average insolation, it was verified that the existing estimation model can be applied to the north slope in the Takasaki area, whereas trial calculations were performed on the average daily cumulative insolation by azimuth and inclination angle in the Takasaki observation points. As a result, it was made clear that the insolation onto north side roofs in Japan is about 70% of that on the south side. With respect to the time cumulative slope insolation, it was made clear that the Perez's cumulative model can be applied to the Takasaki area. Spectral distribution of global and scattered solar radiation was put into order by insolation to have verified that the stronger the global solar radiation intensity, the greater the occupation ratio of shorter waves increases, or in other words, the spectral distribution of the global insolation can be formulated. Sky distribution of radiation is being measured by means of measuring the sky scanning type radiation and luminance distribution. (NEDO)

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Survey on the high-durability and low-cost materials for constructing the solar-cell module and its structure; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system no kenkyu. Taiyo denchi module yo kotaikyusei tei cost zairyo, kozo ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the results obtained during fiscal 1994 on a survey on the high-durability and low-cost materials for constructing the solar-cell module and on its structure. With respect to forms and materials used in the present solar-cell modules, identification was made on the current status of products commercially available and developed inside and outside Japan. Main types of solar cells used for electric power are of crystal-based silicon. Amorphous silicon and CdS-CdTe are used for consumer applications of indoor and outdoor use. As regards transparent resin materials, fluorine resin, PET, acryl, and polyimide are used as surface materials, and EVA, silicon and PVB are often used as fillers. Developments inside and outside Japan are limited to systems of polycarbonate, methacryl, fluorine, polyurethane, acryl and polyester. Butyl rubber and polyurethane are used as sealing materials. Developments are being performed on silicon rubber, polychloroprene rubber and EPT rubber for shaped materials, and silicon systems, urethane systems and polysulfide systems for non-shaped materials. 3 figs., 8 tabs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use - Development of solar beam power generation and utilization systems and ancillary technologies (Research and development of new building material integrated solar cell modules - investigation and research on analysis of practical application); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (shinkenzai ittaigata taiyo denchi module no kenkyu kaihatsu (jitsuyoka kaiseki ni kansuru chosa kenkyu))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In order to promote the research to put new building material integrated solar cell modules into practical use, the following items were investigated: (1) functions and specifications for harmonizing with buildings, (2) new module materials that can respond to building materials, (3) marketability, (4) standardization of the assessment methods, (5) consistency with relevant legislation and related institutions, (6) effects on environment as building materials, and (7) investigation on technological trends inside and outside the country. In Item (1), the significance of developing the new building material integrated solar cell modules was made clear. In Item (2), the performance requirements on the currently used module materials were put into order. In Item (3), the market size was investigated, and assignments to establishing the market were put into order, such as the distribution and construction institutions, and assistance to the system introduction. In Item (4), standardization and unification of the assessment methods were discussed, and the items to be standardized were extracted. In Item (6), LCA on the currently used modules was performed. In Item (7), participation was made to the second solar beam power generation conference and EUROSUN '98; investigations were made on trends of developing the new building material integrated solar cell modules and how the recycling related legislation is being progressed; and the achievements in the development activities were confirmed, and the assignments were investigated at the new building material integrated solar cell module subcommittee. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on 2-6 group compound semiconductor solar cells); 1974 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 2-6 zoku kagobutsu handotai taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-05-31

This report summarizes the fiscal 1974 research result on 2- 6 group compound semiconductor solar cells. To obtain a probability of the technology for producing photovoltaic power generation systems at a cost less than 1/100 of those by current technology, this research aims at establishment of the pollution-free production technology of the titled solar cells, and development of an innovative photovoltaic power generation system using such solar cells. The research is composed of (1) study on deterioration mechanism, (2) measures against pollution, and (3) basic study on the production system of such semiconductors. In the 1st research, the analysis result showed that deterioration under solar radiation or by short circuit is derived from an increase in resistance around a positive electrode and a decrease around a junction caused by change in Cu{sub 2}S composition due to migration of Cu ions in a Cu{sub 2}S layer by photo current. In the 2nd research, study was made on preventive technology of Cd pollution. In the 3rd research, basic study was made on the production systems of semiconductors such as sintering, chemical separating and vapor-phase growth for cost reduction. (NEDO)

Experimentation to seek the local speciality in kWh of P.V. system, and a study of its measuring method and instruments and apparatus; Taiyoko hatsuden system no jibetsu hatsudenryo no chiiki tokusei wo motomeru jissho shiken narabini, sono sokutei kansoku no hoho kiki ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anno, T.

1997-11-25

Introduced in this paper are some problems that the author encounters in relation with a 2.6kW photovoltaic power generation system installed at the author`s residence for the purpose of measuring the hourly amounts of generated power. Giving rise to questions in the inverter and the control system are the conversion efficiency under a partial load, the scope of little amounts that are omitted, the maximum power point tracking system and its performance, etc. The author wants to learn how to land on an appropriate conductor thickness and to know the special specifications if any for heavy-snow regions and their effect. Much has been learned from presenters, moderators, and participants at scientific events and through private talks. Although it seems that there exists some relationship between the maximum power point tracking system and the diameter of conductors suitable for the system, yet the manufacturers fail to give clear-cut answers. The author thinks that end-users find many black box-like parts in the system, which the author leaves uncared for now for later study. It is learned that there is no specification intended exclusively for heavy-snow regions. The author`s system is in operation with hourly output recording and data accumulation started. 2 figs.

FY 1998 annual report on the compilation of the data related to new energy technology development. Photovoltaic power generation; 1998 nendo shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The data, centered by those related to generation of photovoltaic (PV) power as one branch of new energy, are collected and systematically compiled under the following fields. (Significance of adopting PV power systems) describes, e.g., CO2 reduction effect and energy pay-back time for different customers, i.e., nation, local governments, industries and individual households. (Present status of solar cell markets) describes solar cell production by region, cell technology and industry; shipments by application; production values; and prices. (PV system policies overseas) compares the policies of the industrialized countries for PV power systems with those of Japan. (Introduction of PV power systems overseas) compares situations of various countries in PV power system introduction with those of Japan with respect to estimated quantities of PV systems installed and target quantities. (Financial supports for PV power system installation) describes subsidies, tax benefits and loans adopted in Japan. Other items covered herein include transition of PV-related budgets, flow of PV system introduction, measures taken by central and local governments, and contacts for PV-related enterprises. (NEDO)

33rd Solar Energy Promotion Committee Meeting - 8th Photovoltaic Power Liaison Meeting. Report for fiscal 1995; Dai 33 kai taiyo energy suishin iinkai dai 8 kai taiyoko hatsuden renrakukai (1995 nendo hokoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-04-22

The above-named events were convened in the period of April 22-24, 1996, when a total of 46 presentations were given on research achievements. In the session on crystalline Si systems, 9 essays were presented, and a discussion was held about 'Technological tasks for realizing 20% efficient module.' In the session on ultrahigh III-V group systems, 4 essays were presented, and a discussion was held on 'Tasks about technology development for ultrahigh efficiency III-V compound solar cell.' In the session on thin film (a-Si) systems, 14 essays were presented, including one about an approach toward the elucidation of photodegradation. In the symposium, a subject 'System-to-cell transverse task' was discussed. In the session on system related matters, 10 essays were presented, and a discussion was held about 'Architecture and photovoltaic system.' In the session on thin film (thin film polycrystalline Si, chalcopyrite) systems, 8 essays were presented, and a subject was discussed titled 'Toward the establishment of a system of widespread diffusion and massive introduction.' (NEDO)

33rd Solar Energy Promotion Committee Meeting - 8th Photovoltaic Power Liaison Meeting. Report for fiscal 1995; Dai 33 kai taiyo energy suishin iinkai dai 8 kai taiyoko hatsuden renrakukai (1995 nendo hokoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-04-22

The above-named events were convened in the period of April 22-24, 1996, when a total of 46 presentations were given on research achievements. In the session on crystalline Si systems, 9 essays were presented, and a discussion was held about 'Technological tasks for realizing 20% efficient module.' In the session on ultrahigh III-V group systems, 4 essays were presented, and a discussion was held on 'Tasks about technology development for ultrahigh efficiency III-V compound solar cell.' In the session on thin film (a-Si) systems, 14 essays were presented, including one about an approach toward the elucidation of photodegradation. In the symposium, a subject 'System-to-cell transverse task' was discussed. In the session on system related matters, 10 essays were presented, and a discussion was held about 'Architecture and photovoltaic system.' In the session on thin film (thin film polycrystalline Si, chalcopyrite) systems, 8 essays were presented, and a subject was discussed titled 'Toward the establishment of a system of widespread diffusion and massive introduction.' (NEDO)

Development of large scale wind energy conservation system. Development of control techniques for assembly-type wind power generating systems; Ogata furyoku hatsuden system no kaihatsu. Shugogata furyoku hatsuden system no seigyo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takita, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for development of control techniques for assembly-type wind power generating systems. The study on optimum system configuration produces 50 to 100kW wind power units for screening small-size wind power plant types, and, at the same time, surveys performance of commercial units and experiences of 9 makers capable of producing the above units. As a result, 3 MICON`s units (output: 100kW, active YAW control, monopole tower, maximum wind speed: 60m/s) are selected. The study on optimum operational techniques integrates 2 medium-size power units into a power line, showing a service factor of 30.2% on the annual average, monthly varying in a range from 11.8 to 45.0%. These units, installed in Miyako Island, were attacked by 3 typhoons of wind velocity of 25m/s or higher in 1994, and the only damage recorded is that of the anemoscope/anemometer. It is found that No.1 unit is located at a better geographical point than the No.2 unit, to produce a higher output. 3 figs., 3 tabs.

FY 1977 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Research and development of photovoltaic power generation systems (Research and development of vertically drawn ribbon crystals of silicon); 1977 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Silicon tatehiki ribon kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-31

This project is aimed at establishment of ribbon crystal production techniques and development of photovoltaic power generation systems incorporating the ribbon crystals, in order to greatly reduce cost of photovoltaic power generation systems. The research efforts in this fiscal year is focused on development of the techniques for continuously growing the ribbons, to attain the above goal by accelerating growth of the ribbon crystals in unit time and clarifying, in the early stage, the problems to be solved before commercializing the ribbon crystals for the future solar cells. The major research results are (1) development of the method for vertically drawing ribbon crystals of silicon, and (2) analysis of the vertically drawn ribbon crystals of silicon. For the item (1), the technological development efforts are focused on continuously drawing mechanisms and furnace for continuous drawing, with the structural studies as the center for the former and solution of heat-related problems for the latter, which eventually lead to development of a 800 mm long ribbon crystal passing over the roll. For the item (2), the crystal structure is analyzed by the electron channeling pattern method. The results suggest that use of a p-type substrate can improve average efficiency of the ribbon crystal type solar cell. (NEDO)

Performance analysis of dish solar stirling power system; Stirling engine wo mochiita taiyonetsu hatsuden system no seino yosoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuchiya, K; Yamaguchi, I [Meiji University, Tokyo (Japan); Naito, Y; Momose, Y [Aisin Seiki Co. Ltd., Aichi (Japan)

1996-10-27

In order to estimate the performance of the dish solar Stirling power system, matching and control of each component system were studied, and the performance of the 25kWe class power system was estimated on the basis of direct solar radiation measured in Miyako island, Okinawa. Application of a Stirling engine to solar heat power generation is highly effective in spite of its small scale. The total system is composed of a converging system, heat receiver, engine/generator system and control system. As the simulation result, the generator output is nearly proportional to direct solar radiation, and the system efficiency approaches to a certain constant value with an increase in direct solar radiation. As accumulated solar radiation is large, the influence of slope error of the converging mirror is comparatively small. The optimum aperture opening ratio of the heat receiver determined on the basis of mean direct solar radiation (accumulated solar radiation/{Delta}t (simulated operation time of the system)), corresponds to the primary approximation of the opening ratio for a maximum total generated output under variable direct solar radiation. 6 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

Report of fiscal 1998 results. Feasibility study of overseas technological development (feasibility study for joint research on photovoltaic power generation in Myanmar); 1998 nendo kaigai gijutsu kaihatsu kanosei chosa hokokusho. Myanmar ni okeru taiyoko hatsuden system kyodo kenkyu kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Feasibility was studied of a demonstrative research concerning effective operation of a hybrid system consisting of photovoltaic, wind and diesel power generations in Myanmar. Upon confirmation of Myanmar's request and assistance, Myanmar electric Power Enterprise was selected as the counterpart, with Kantangyi village determined as the candidate site from the viewpoint of the quantity of solar radiation, wind conditions, and convenience in transportation service. Meteorological observation instruments were installed at Nyaung U observatory, with the observation implemented. It was grasped that the demand spreading pattern and the demand for electric power was 40 kWh/month per household. It was also judged that the system structure should be constituted of photovoltaic power, wind power, and diesel generator/battery/adjustable load. The problems are stable supply technology, technology for effective use of renewable energy, technology for complementary effects of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, and demonstration of a 100 kW class wind power generation system. Particularly important is consistency between the capacity of power storage equipment and that of diesel power generation. The study results applicable to Japan is the verification of a small-sized independent system for remote islands or the like. The total research expenses were estimated to be 600 million yen. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling method); 1974 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Silicon tatehiki ribbon kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-05-30

This research includes (1) basic study on Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling method, (2) basic design of continuous Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling mechanism, (3) basic study on vertically pulled Si ribbon crystal, (4) study on capillary materials for capillary crystal pulling method, and (5) basic study on AlAs-GaAs system compound semiconductors. In the 1st research, for Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling growth, the ribbon crystal pulling equipment was prepared and modified, and Si crystals were obtained by capillary and web methods. In the 2nd research, for development of Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling growth technology, study was made on the simple energy-saving resource-saving continuous automatic production process. In the 3rd research, measurement was made on various characteristics of ribbon crystals. In the 4th research, study was made on requirements of capillary materials from the viewpoint of capillary growth mechanism. In the 5th research, basic technology for solar cell production was established through growth experiments of AlAs-GaAs mixed crystals and multiple epitaxial crystal layers. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling method); 1976 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Silicon tatehiki ribbon kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-31

This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling method for photovoltaic power generation systems. The equipment for simultaneous growth of 3 ribbon crystals was designed and prepared in consideration of capillary die arrangement, vertical pulling method and control method of temperature profiles on the die surface. The temperature profiles on the die surface were controlled by subheaters for 3 parts of each capillary die which were divided longitudinally. Ribbon crystals grew up to 5mm simultaneously through both end dies. By cooling a part of crystal, fast pulling is probably possible. Study was made on the correlation between various crystal defects of Si ribbon crystals and cell characteristics, and in particular, basic characteristics of SiC deposited particles by SEM observation to reduce their impacts. Possibility of simultaneous vertical pulling of crystals was verified by using a capillary carbon die for multi-pulling. Although crystals grew by eutectic reaction under saturated dissolution of carbon, crystals with no transition were obtained. An SiC-coated die was excellent rather than carbon one. (NEDO)

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Development of novel technologies for fabrication of high quality silicon thin films for solar cells; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Kohinshitsu silicon usumaku sakusei gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimizu, T [Kanazawa University, Ishikawa (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for development of novel technologies for fabrication of high quality thin films of silicon for solar cells. The study on the mechanisms and effects of chemical annealing reveals that the film structure greatly varies depending on substrate temperature during the hydrotreatment process, based on the tests with substrate temperature, deposition of superthin film (T1) and hydrotreatment (T2) as the variable parameters. Chemical annealing at low temperature produces a high-quality a-Si:H film of low defect content. The study on fabrication of thin polycrystalline silicon films at low temperature observes on real time the process of deposition of the thin films on polycrystalline silicon substrates, where a natural oxide film is removed beforehand from the substrate. The results indicate that a thin polycrystalline silicon film of 100% crystallinity can be formed even on a polycrystalline silicon substrate by controlling starting gas composition and substrate temperature. The layer-by-layer method is used as the means for forming the seed crystals on a glass substrate, where deposition and hydrotreatment are repeated alternately, to produce the thin crystalline silicon films of high crystallinity. 3 figs.

FY 1998 Report on development of large-scale wind power generation systems. Research on the future prospects of wind power generation systems; 1998 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu. Furyoku hatsuden system no shorai tenbo ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Current status of wind power generation in Japan and situations in foreign countries ahead of Japan are surveyed, in order to clarify the prospects for the future diffusion and expansion of wind power generation systems in Japan. The surveyed trends of wind power generation in Japan include those related to mandatory laws and regulations, e.g., the Electricity Enterprises Act, introductory and operation situations in local autonomies and electric power companies, and R and D efforts by academic and research organizations. The surveyed wind power generation situations in foreign countries include trends of international standardization for wind power generation, and global situations of introducing these systems. The on-the-spot oversea surveys include location/wind conditions in Greece's islands, cyclone-caused damages in India, World Renewable Energy Congress in Perth and advanced technologies in Europe for wind power generation systems, and the survey results are reported in detail. The surveyed R and D projects in Japan include the basic technological R and D plans (draft) for, e.g., wind power generation systems for isolated islands. (NEDO)

FY 1998 Report on development of large-scale wind power generation systems. Part 2. Operational research on large-scale wind power generation systems; 1998 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 2. Ogata furyoku hatsuden system no unten kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The on-the-spot surveys are conducted and related information is collected for current status of wind power generators connected to power grid systems and simulation techniques therefor in the USA and European countries. In Denmark, the grid system to which wind power generators are connected is a 10kV radiation type system, by which these generators are connected to general consumers. Power quality is investigated by the programs developed by DEFU (Danske Elvarkers Forening Udredning). The German's Norderland Wind Park has the largest capacity in Europe with 35 units of 1.5MW generators. They are connected to a 110kV grind system via ISOREE to control disturbances to the commercial grid system. The USA, used to have the world largest wind power generation capacity, is now plays second fiddle to Germany whose capacity has now exceeded 2,000MW. The country is now seeing the second rush for construction of wind power generators, planning to have a new capacity of 570MW in 1998. Information is also collected from other countries or organizations, including the Netherlands, WREC, Italy and Spain. (NEDO)

FY 1998 Report on development of large-scale wind power generation systems. Part 2. Operational research on large-scale wind power generation systems; 1998 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 2. Ogata furyoku hatsuden system no unten kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The on-the-spot surveys are conducted and related information is collected for current status of wind power generators connected to power grid systems and simulation techniques therefor in the USA and European countries. In Denmark, the grid system to which wind power generators are connected is a 10kV radiation type system, by which these generators are connected to general consumers. Power quality is investigated by the programs developed by DEFU (Danske Elvarkers Forening Udredning). The German's Norderland Wind Park has the largest capacity in Europe with 35 units of 1.5MW generators. They are connected to a 110kV grind system via ISOREE to control disturbances to the commercial grid system. The USA, used to have the world largest wind power generation capacity, is now plays second fiddle to Germany whose capacity has now exceeded 2,000MW. The country is now seeing the second rush for construction of wind power generators, planning to have a new capacity of 570MW in 1998. Information is also collected from other countries or organizations, including the Netherlands, WREC, Italy and Spain. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Research and development of photovoltaic power utilizing system and peripheral technologies (Research and development of novel type solar cell module integratable with building materials - Novel multilayer structure module); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (shinkenzai ittaigata taiyo denchi module no kenkyu kaihatsu - shinfukuso kozo module)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The project aims to develop solar cell modules of a novel multilayer structure, based on the resin filling structure, hollow structure, and the laminate structure, and integratable with building materials. In fiscal 1999, for the development of cells and submodule structures, cells and submodules were fabricated which were usable with various specimens. In the case of design oriented cells, electrode structures and linkage methods were improved for the enhancement of power generation performance, and a hollow structure and a laminate structure were fabricated. As for the 4m{sup 2}-large module (laminate structure), a specimen with dummy cells arranged along its periphery was fabricated. For cost reduction, a study was made about a module (laminate structure) integrated with an ALC (autoclaved lightweight concrete) board, and the kind of surface glass, cell arrangement, and back sheet types and their respective designs were evaluated. It was then concluded that the module was fit for practical application. The module was then checked for wind endurance in a wind endurance test, for electric characteristics, and for flame inhibition capability in a fire prevention/resistance test. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on 2-6 group compound semiconductor solar cells); 1976 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 2-6 zoku kagobutsu handotai taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-31

This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on 2-6 group compound semiconductor solar cells for photovoltaic power generation systems. The research aims at the system less than 1/100 in cost. Vapor deposition resulted in failure to obtain high-efficiency cells. Vapor-phase growth revealed Cd-Te single-crystal solar cell is promising, however, resulted in failure to obtain high-efficiency thin film elements. Both chemical deposition and sintering succeeded in mass production of prototype high-efficiency elements equal in performance. However, since chemically deposited CdS film is too thin having higher serial resistance, it requires In{sub 2}O{sub 3} auxiliary transmissive electrodes on glass substrates. Since CdTe film and CdS film also require completely different vapor deposition processes in hetero- junction, chemical deposition is more disadvantageous in cost than sintering. CdTe thin film fabricated by screen printing/sintering is most promising. Since Cd is harmful to human bodies, study was made on pollution preventive measures in its production or use stage, and accidents or fires, obtaining some results. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on Si thin film crystal by particle acceleration growth); 1974 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Ryushi kasoku seichogata silicon usumaku kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-05-30

This research includes (1) basic study on formation technology of Si thin film crystals by particle acceleration growth, (2) basic study on junction formation technology for Si thin film crystals, and (3) basic study on GaAs compound semiconductors by pyrolysis method. In the 1st research, the thin film formation equipment was prepared for formation of charged Si particles from monosilane and solid Si in inert gas plasma by high-frequency excitation, and its expected characteristics were confirmed through its operation test. Basic data of Si thin films were also obtained by electron beam diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy. In the 2nd research, study was made on junction formation systems for thin films, and the idea of a continuous thin film formation system was obtained for junction formation. In the 3rd research, development of p-type GaAs epitaxial technology was promoted, and it was confirmed that various p-type GaAs compound semiconductors of 10{sup 12}-10{sup 18}cm{sup -3} in impurity concentration are obtained by controlling a ratio of trimetylgallium gas to arsine gas. (NEDO)

Report on the achievement of verification for FY 1997-1999. Verification survey of a capacitor system for power leveling of the photovoltaic power generation; 1997 nendo kara 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden shutsuryoku heijunkayo capacitor system no jissho chosa seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

The purpose of this verification survey is to confirm the performance and reliability with which a new large capacity capacitor works as power leveling use and partial power peak shift back-up use in the photovoltaic power system. The results of FY 1997 are as follows: (1) Verification using jelly-role type cells. (2) Trial manufacture of stacking cells. In (1), jelly-role type cells were manufactured using an electrode composed of aluminum foil and activated carbon layer and the organic electrolyte. The obtained cell capacitance was 6,000F on average and the energy density 5.4-5.6Wh/L. The experiment on the constant power load of a capacitor bank constructed with four 6,000F cells connected in series was carried out to confirm discharge energy of 25Wh between 12V and 3V. In (2), stacking rectangular type cells were trially manufactured by the electrode composed of two types of electrode; press type and sheet type electrodes. The cell capacitance was approximately 3,500F at sheet electrode cell, and the energy density 7.2Wh/L. To improve the cell performance, a relation was studied between the pore distribution of activated carbon and the double layer capacity, and the material higher than the conventional one in capacity per volume was found out. Studies were also made of trial fabrication of charge/discharge circuits and the experiment and the voltage balance. (NEDO)

FY 1998 Report on development of large-scale wind power generation systems. Part 1. Operational research on large-scale wind power generation systems; 1998 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 1. Ogata furyoku hatsuden system no unten kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The research and development project is implemented for large-scale wind power generation systems, and the FY 1998 results are reported. In the FY 1998, a slip property variable generator is actually mounted on the wind power generator, to conduct various types of demonstration tests. The reliability validation tests include microstructure examinations, fatigue tests and fatigue strength tests to predict residual strength in the blade. It is confirmed that the blade has a sufficient residual strength. The performance validation tests include continuous measurement of power outputs and wind velocities, and analysis of the output fluctuations. The power output performance during winter when the west wind prevails is higher than designed. In the tests for evaluating the characteristics of the system on which a slip property variable generator is mounted, the output smoothing effect is confirmed in a range beyond the rated output. The wind power generation system is continuously operated, to accumulate the operational data for, e.g., capacity factor, operating time rate, and system failure status. The FY 1998 results are 920,000kWh as the output and 21% as capacity factor. The other items investigate include aerodynamic noise reduction countermeasures, fatigue life of the wind turbine blades, economics of wind power generation, and dismantling and reuse of the wind turbines. (NEDO)

Report on 1979 result of Sunshine Project. R and D on solar power generation system (R and D on particle non-accelerated growth type silicon thin film crystal); 1979 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Ryushi hikasoku seichogata silicon usumaku kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

The R and D was intended to establish the manufacturing technology of a particle non-accelerated growth type silicon thin film crystal, for the purpose of developing a technology for enabling the production of a solar power generation system, whose price is practically 1/100 compared with that of building the system with the current technology, and the R and D was also intended to build the system using such silicon material. While a simple purification method was examined for a low purity metallurgical-grade silicon, a solar-grade silicon (SOG) was developed as the new material this year, with a solar cell experimentally manufactured having a structure directly joined to the substrate material and with evaluation carried out on the characteristic of such solar cell. The application of 'gettering' was tried which was for removing harmful impurities from the substrate obtained from such material, bringing an outlook of manufacturing a solar cell with a conversion efficiency of 10%. Concerning the SOG-Si, the efficiency of 13% or higher was attained through the improvement of the manufacturing process. This was the value comparable to the case of using a conventional high purity monocrystal wafer. Further, the application of an ion implantation method was studied for the purpose of getting a low cost. (NEDO)

Report on results of contract research. 'Research on MHD generation system'; MHD hatsuden system no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1981-03-01

'Research on MHD generation system' was implemented by its expert committee in the electric joint study group, with the results of fiscal 1980 reported. This year, a detailed conceptual design was carried out on a coal fired MHD generation system, with points for the technological development concretely examined. In addition, investigation was conducted on the progress of MHD generation technology, development situation of other generation systems, state of energy resources, etc., in various foreign countries. In the conceptual design of the coal fired MHD generation plant, the system structure of a 2,000 MWt class commercial MHD generation plant was explained, as were the conceptual design of the structural elements and proposals for a 500 MWt class demonstration plant and an 100 MWt class experimental plant, for example. In the overseas trend of R and D on MHD generation, investigations were made concerning the U.S., Soviet Union, and China, with details compiled for such items as generation plants, combustors, generation channels, heat resisting materials, superconducting magnets, heat exchangers, seed slags, inverters, boilers and environments, and commercial plants. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1998. Evaluation and analysis of the collected data for the field tests on photovoltaic power generation systems for public facilities; 1998 nendo kokyo shisetsu nado yo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The field tests on photovoltaic power generation systems for public facilities have begun in fiscal 1992 by NEDO. The systems including those under construction are installed in 116 sites. Analyses were given on 75 sites which have been operated up to fiscal 1996. Analyses of the operation characteristics were performed by using performance parameters derived by developing the basic expressions into each configuration element. For the insolation on slanted surface, the range from 3.0 to 4.5 kWh/m{sup 2}/D accounts for 65% of the total insolation. For the equivalent array operation time, the range from 2.5 to 4.0 h/D accounted for 81%. For the equivalent system operation time, the range from 9.0 to 12.0 h/D accounted for 85%. The range for inverter active efficiency from 0.84 to 0.96 accounted for 79%. The inverter load rate was accounted for 88% by 0.20 to 0.35. The output coefficient was accounted for 82% by 0.7 to 1.0 in the array, and 87% by 0.6 to 0.9 in the system. The power generation cost has decreased to 200 yen per kwh in fiscal 1995 from 340 yen per kwh in fiscal 1992, largely contributed by reduced installation cost. (NEDO)

FY 1994 report on the results of the development of a large wind power system. Development of control technology of the array type wind power system; 1994 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Shugogata furyoku hatsuden system no seigyo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-09-01

This technology development aims at developing the design technology of the array type wind power system and the control technology to efficiently operate the system. As a result, the wind turbine produced by Micon was selected. The rated power is 100kW, and the number of the wind turbine is three. The three-phase short-circuit capacity at the generating end of the wind power generation facilities is 26,25 MVA, which can fully be broken. A simulation of voltage variation/frequency variation was made to grasp various phenomena of the output of the wind power system influencing the power source system and power distribution system. As a result, it was confirmed that it is possible to operate the system safely without lowering the quality of power. As to the overall monitor/control system which controls wind turbines, five wind turbines as many as possible are grid-interconnected and the number of wind turbine is to be controlled by a ratio of the total demand power to the gross generating output of wind power in the Miyako system, for the purpose of increasing the rate of equipment utilization of the wind power system also at the time of the lowest load of the Miyako system. In the operation of two-system interconnection, the gross power generating amount was 1,321,250 kWh, which increased 9.7% over the results in FY 1993. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on joint research business (2/2). Photovoltaic power generation field test for public facilities; 1998 nendo kokyo shisetsu nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (2/2). Kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

Photovoltaic power generation systems are experimentally installed at public facilities at various locations, and subjected to field tests in which they experience long-term operation under real loads. Mie Prefectural Iidaka Senior/Junior High School has a 10kW solar cell system installed on the south-side roof of the school house. The system is linked to an in-house transformation station and the power generated by the system is supplied to the lighting and air-conditioning facilities in the building, and surplus if any is transmitted to the Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., system. A field test is being conducted to determine if there are usability and safety in the 10kW system. A number of like systems are undergoing field tests, installed at a comprehensive technological training center of Kyushu Electric Power Safety Association, Kongo Gakuen Senior High School, Sakata Nursery School, Taiyo Daiichi Nursery School, Minami Kindergarten, Neyagawa Ishizu Old People's Home, Co-Op Living Konan, Factory Hishimeki, Tochigi Fuji Industries, Gamo-cho Hirabayashi Public Hall, Fukuoka Prefectural Culture Complex, Yatsusugi Forest Schooling Center, Osaka Prefectural Murano Water Purification Plant, Yamanashi Institute of Environmental Sciences, Utatsu-cho Town Office, Ginga Gakuen Junior High School, etc. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on joint research business (2/2). Photovoltaic power generation field test for public facilities; 1998 nendo kokyo shisetsu nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (2/2). Kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

Photovoltaic power generation systems are experimentally installed at public facilities at various locations, and subjected to field tests in which they experience long-term operation under real loads. Mie Prefectural Iidaka Senior/Junior High School has a 10kW solar cell system installed on the south-side roof of the school house. The system is linked to an in-house transformation station and the power generated by the system is supplied to the lighting and air-conditioning facilities in the building, and surplus if any is transmitted to the Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., system. A field test is being conducted to determine if there are usability and safety in the 10kW system. A number of like systems are undergoing field tests, installed at a comprehensive technological training center of Kyushu Electric Power Safety Association, Kongo Gakuen Senior High School, Sakata Nursery School, Taiyo Daiichi Nursery School, Minami Kindergarten, Neyagawa Ishizu Old People's Home, Co-Op Living Konan, Factory Hishimeki, Tochigi Fuji Industries, Gamo-cho Hirabayashi Public Hall, Fukuoka Prefectural Culture Complex, Yatsusugi Forest Schooling Center, Osaka Prefectural Murano Water Purification Plant, Yamanashi Institute of Environmental Sciences, Utatsu-cho Town Office, Ginga Gakuen Junior High School, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 research report on the evaluation/analysis of the data collected in the field test project for the photovoltaic power system for public facility use; 1999 nendo kokyo shisetsu nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

In this research, the photovoltaic power system is experimentally installed at various facilities (public facilities such as public hall, school and museum), and operated on a long term basis under the actual loads. Various kinds of data are collected/analyzed and used as the data useful for the full-scale introduction and spread. The photovoltaic power generation field test project for public facilities using the photovoltaic power system was started in FY 1992 by NEDO. Systems at 116 sites started operation by FY 1996, and in FY 1997 systems were installed at a total of 70 sites. The paper outlined the project and described the results of the collection/analyses of the operational data obtained at 145 sites where systems were installed from FY 1995 to FY 1997. The term of analysis in FY 1999 was made from April 1999 to December 1999, being different from usual, to avoid the Y2K problem on data collecting software, measuring use personal computer, etc. Further, since there are no sites where no systems were newly installed in and after FY 1998, there are no analyses of economical efficiency in and after FY 1999. The paper indicated a list of all the sites with system installation in FY 1995-1997 including the main items. (NEDO)

FY 1998 Report on development of technologies for commercialization of photovoltaic power systems. International co-operative project (Information collected for IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo. IEA taiyo reidanbo kyuto program ni kansuru joho shushu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The IEA/ Solar Heating and Cooling Programme (SHCP) committee members were dispatched to the IEA/SHCP Executive Committee and Expert Meetings, to collect information, present the reports and hold the discussions, among others. Described herein are the results. The third Expert Meeting of the IEA/SHCP Task 23 prepared the document covering the examples of solar energy use in large buildings and distributed them in Subtask A, and proposed and discussed the comprehensive performance evaluation methods and simulation-based design tools in Subtask C. The second workshop of the IEA/SHCP Task 25 discussed evaluation of the current technologies for solar assisted air conditioning, design of the solar assisted cooling systems, economic evaluation and market researches, investigations of cooling system hardware, and development of simulation programs and design tools. The examples of solar cooling are mostly found in Japan, and European countries are conducting experiments and field tests, because of lack of commercial grade freezers. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on joint research business (1/2). Photovoltaic power generation field test for public facilities; 1998 nendo kokyo shisetsu nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (1/2). Kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

Photovoltaic power generation systems are experimentally installed at public facilities at various locations, and subjected to field tests in which they experience long-term operation under real loads. At Livelihood Cooperative Association Co-Op Kanagawa, a photovoltaic cell system is installed on the roof, facing true south, of its Yokohama eastern district joint purchase center, and the power generated by the system is utilized as interconnected with the commercial distribution line connecting to its power facilities. It is called a '10kW Photovoltaic Power Generation Model System,' and is subjected to a verification test, carried over from the previous fiscal year, centering about its usability and safety. Similar systems are also installed at many locations, such as the Kadosawa Bridge district of Ebina City, Kanagawa Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, Shiga Prefectural University, Suntory Museum, Fukui Institute of Technology, Saigo Police Station, Higashi-Murayama Water Purification Plant, Kanagawa Prefectural Disaster Prevention Center, Toyosato-cho Health Center, Kyodo Gakusha School, Sakuragi Nursery School, Yagi Junior High School, Shizuoka Prefectural Environmental Radiation Monitoring Center, Tanabe City Health Center. (NEDO)

Comparative analysis of thermal storage cooling and storage battery cooling using photovoltaic generation. Part 2. Research on architectural systematization of energy conversion devices; Taiyoko hatsuden ni yoru chikunetsu reibo to chikuden reibo ni tsuite. 2. Energy henkan no kenchiku system ka ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ito, N; Kimura, G; Fukao, S; Shimizu, T; Sunaga, N; Tsunoda, M; Muro, K; Yamanaka, S [Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

For use in energy self-sufficient buildings, a system was studied capable of retaining for its own use the excess of power produced by a photovoltaic power generation system without releasing it to the commercial system. Summertime cooling was considered. The storage battery cooling system was provided with two solar cell systems and, in the daytime, one was used for cooling and the other for charging batteries for nighttime cooling. In the cold heat storage cooling system, cold heat accumulators (red bricks) were provided in the wall and floor, and under the floor, and the floor was a grating for proper ventilation between the room and underfloor space. With the solar cell-driven air conditioner out of operation, cold heat was fed to the room from the underfloor cold heat accumulators by a fan. In storage battery cooling, solar power covered 60% of what the air conditioner used. In the presence of sufficient power in storage, the air conditioner stayed on at night without buying commercial power, when the room temperature was 25{degree}C. In the cold heat accumulation cooling, 50% of the air conditioner power consumption was covered by solar power. It is recommended to install cold heat accumulators not in the room but in a separate space, such as the underfloor space, where they are exposed to the cooling cold air direct from an air conditioner for future retrieval of cold heat. 2 refs., 9 figs., 3 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. Summary. R and D of the photovoltaic power generation utilization system/periphery technology (R and D on the improvement of reliability of photovoltaic power generation - Investigative study of long-term reliability of inverter - Separate volume: Data on the life evaluation test); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho(Sokatsu ban). Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu, Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (Taiyokohatsuden no shinraisei kojo ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu - Inbata no choki shinraisei no chosa kenkyu - Bessatsu : Jumyo hyoka shiken datashu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of establishing a life evaluation method for power conditioner of about several kilowatts for general housing use, the acceleration test was made, and the data were summarized for maintenance of power quality, cooperation with the protection system at power system, insuring of safety of personnel/facilities, etc. As to the acceleration method, by paying attention to heat deterioration of thermal plasticity materials being used for power conditioner and by using the acceleration method using the 10-degree C half law by the Arrhenius law, temperature and humidity were set at 40 degrees C and 36%, respectively. The operation hour and stopping time were fixed at 3.5 hours and 4.5 hours, respectively. The life evaluation measurement by the acceleration test was composed of the continuous evaluation measurement with the aim of early finding the degradation of performance, anomaly, etc. of power conditioner and of the evaluation measurement at specified intervals with the aim of precisely measuring the state of degradation of power conditioner. As a result of the continuous evaluation measurement, the paper reported the data on the rise in temperature inside the power conditioner during the acceleration test and the change in electric characteristics of input/output. (NEDO)

Feasibility study for international collaboration on photovoltaic power generation and long-distance energy transmission technologies utilizing desert areas environment; Sabaku chiiki wo riyoshita taiyoko hatsuden chokyori yuso gijutsu ni kakawaru kokusai kyoryoku kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

A workshop was held at Tokyo in March, 1997 on the research and development and feasibility study for international collaboration on photovoltaic (PV) power generation and long-distance energy transmission technologies utilizing desert areas environment. Two speakers from the USA, one from Italy, and two from China were invited, and four speakers in Japan presented papers. A total of 48 persons participated. In the technical sessions, `World energy demand and PV system potential` by Prof. Kurokawa, `Long distance transmission of PV power` by Mr. A. Invenizzi, `Case studies of large scale PV systems distributed throughout desert areas of the world` by Mr. Hirasawa, `Linking renewable energy resources around the world` by Mr. P. Meisen, `Properties of large scale PV plant in the USA` by Mr. J. Benner, `Future prospect of PV electrification in China` by Mr. Kong Li, `Application of large-scale PV systems in deserts in China` by Mr. Isomura, and `Effects of large-scale PV power plant in a climatic desert areas` by Prof. Ihara were presented. 38 refs., 62 figs., 29 tabs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use - Development of solar beam power generation and utilization systems and ancillary technologies (Research and development of building material integrated solar cell modules - modules with new multi-layer structure); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system shuhen gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (shinkenzai ittaigata taiyo denchi module no kenkyu kaihatsu (shinfukuso kozo module))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Development is being made on a panel type module that can be used together with an air bubble concrete board (ALC board), and is provided with design characteristics. The development work includes trial fabrication and evaluation of a module with new multi-layer structure, and development of a technology to unitize cells and submodules, and a systematizing method. In the trial fabrication and evaluation, flame retardant and uninflammable modules using fluororesin, and modules with as large area as 4 m{sup 2} were fabricated on a trial basis, in addition to the modules with the basic structure. These modules were given evaluations on such wall material properties as wind pressure resistance, heat and cracking resistance, and fire resistance. In a deformation resistance test considering the integrated use with the ALC board, the developed modules showed a good result. In developing the cells with design characteristics, discussions were given on the inter-cell wiring methods. Development was made on a method to establish a unit structure based on the design and size of a building. In developing the systematization method, the trial fabrication method was applied to a module with lamination structure, a module integrated with the ALC board, and a large-area hollow module to have fabricated the top-light spandrels. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on joint research business (2/2). Photovoltaic power generation field test for industrial purposes; 1998 nendo sangyo nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (2/2). Kyodo kenkyu gyomu seika hokokushyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

Solar cell systems are installed on the roofs of facilities at various locations, and verification tests are conducted for usability and safety they will exhibit after prolonged operation under real loads, and this project aims at the popularization of photovoltaic systems. At Children's Ferrite and Science Museum of Nikaho Town, Akita Prefecture, a 20kW solar cell system is installed on the rooftop, and a 20kW inverter in the machine house. The power obtained is connected in a high-voltage interconnection to electric facilities in the museum, and supplied to in-house power facilities, illuminating systems, and air-conditioning equipment. Operation-related data are recorded in a data recording unit. Similar facilities are installed at corporations and institutions such as WAIDA Works, Kuriyama Shop, Nikko Building, Kiya Works, Aichi Prefectural Tobishima Junior High School, Gunma Prefectural Niisato Hall of Commerce and Industry, Ube Techno-Enji Corporation, Tezukayama Gakuin University, Kinki Kensetsu K.K., Takaoka Electric Manufacturing Company, Aichi Prefectural Incorporated Educational Institution Miura Gakuen, Asaguchi Taxi Company, Family Mart, etc., and field tests are under way for them. (NEDO)

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Study on growth mechanism of a-Si:H and preparation of the stable, high quality films; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Amorphous silicon no seimaku kiko to kohinshitsuka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirose, M [Hiroshima University, Hiroshima (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-12-01

This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on a film forming mechanism for amorphous silicon for solar cells and its quality improvement. In in-situ observation on plasma CVD surface reaction by using the total reflection infrared absorbing spectroscopy, an observation on a real time basis was performed on the reaction process of an a-Si:H surface in contact with gas mixture plasma composed of SiH4 + CH4. In microscopic observation on initial processes of amorphous silicon growth, surface morphological change before and after a-Si:H deposition at 200{degree}C was observed by using an inter-atomic force microscope. The observation verified that a-Si:H has grown to an atomic layer. In research on defect density in a-Si:H fabricated under high-speed film forming conditions, analysis was made on correlation between the film forming speed at 250{degree}C and defect density in the film. Other research works include those on a high-quality a-SiGe:H film fabricated by using the nanometer film forming/hydrogen plasma annealing method, modulated doping into multi-layer films of a-Si:H/a-Ge:H, and thin film transistor using very thin multi layer films of a-Si:H/a-Ge:H. 5 refs., 12 figs.

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on particle non-accelerating growth Si thin film crystal); 1974 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Ryushi hikasoku seichogata silicon usumaku kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-05-28

This research aims at development of the technology for producing photovoltaic power generation systems at a cost less than 1/100 of those by current technology. In fiscal 1974, basic study was made on formation technology of particle non-accelerating growth Si thin film crystals. In addition, evaluation was made on formed thin film crystal characteristics, and studies were also made on junction formation for thin film crystals, and on thin film formation and junction formation for indium phosphide compound semiconductor thin films. The research includes (1) study on formation technology for particle non-accelerating growth Si thin film crystals, (2) evaluation on Si thin film crystals, (3) study on junction formation technology for Si thin film crystals, and (4) study on indium phosphide compound semiconductors. Evaluations were made on thin film formation technology by CVD, and on crystallographical and electrical characteristics of the formed thin films. The evaluation results clarified the compatibility between substrates and Si thin films, the formation condition of columnar structure films, and the effect of growth conditions on a carrier density or mobility. (NEDO)

Report on results of contract research. 'Research on MHD generation system'; MHD hatsuden system no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

'Research on MHD generation system' was implemented by its expert committee in the electric joint study group, with the results of fiscal 1981 reported. This year, technological reexamination was conducted for a 2,000 MWt commercial MHD generation plant, with evaluation carried out on the cost performance including the construction and operation cost. In addition, for the purpose of intermediate R and D towards the practicability, examination was also conducted on a system structure, concrete specifications of component element, cost of R and D including operation expenses for example, concerning an 100 MWt class experimental plant and a 500 MWt class plant. In the investigation of the overseas trend, information was summarized in detail on the experimental devices, combustors, generation channels, electrode materials, electrode phenomena, theoretical analyses, seeds, slag, component equipment, instrumental technologies, conceptual designs of generation plant, commercial plant, etc., in Soviet Union, China, Holland, India and EPRI, on the basis of the materials from the 19th MHD symposium held in UTSI and from the coal MHD specialist conference held in Sydney. (NEDO)

FY 1998 Report on development of large-scale wind power generation systems. Feasibility study on development of new technologies for wind power generation (Study on the development of wind power generation); 1998 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu. Furyoku hatsuden shingijutsu kaihatsu kanosei chosa (furyoku hatsuden gijutsu ni kansuru kaihatsu doko chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This survey is designed to analyze, e.g., current status of large-scale wind power generation devices/system technologies and development trends worldwide, and to make predictions about future developments, in an effort to contribute to advancements in new technology for wind power generation systems in Japan. The international R and D cooperation programs promoted by IEA and EU have helped the participants produce a number of good results at lower costs. The European countries have developed the wind power generation industries in each area, promoted by the governmental subsidy policies, and are leading the world. The system is becoming larger, from around an average unit capacity of 250kW in the beginning of the 90's to 600kW now, reducing the cost by the scale merit. The improved computer capacity has made it possible to more easily analyze the complicated rotor aerodynamics, structural dynamics, wind characteristics and other factors related to wind power generation systems. The future R and D directions will include world standards for large-scale wind turbines, advancements in wind farm technologies, offshore wind power generation systems, advancement in design technologies, and new concepts for wind power turbine designs, e.g., floating wind turbine. (NEDO)

Report on results of contract research. 'Research on MHD generation system'; MHD hatsuden system no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1981-03-01

'Research on MHD generation system' was implemented by its expert committee in the electric joint study group, with the results of fiscal 1980 reported. This year, a detailed conceptual design was carried out on a coal fired MHD generation system, with points for the technological development concretely examined. In addition, investigation was conducted on the progress of MHD generation technology, development situation of other generation systems, state of energy resources, etc., in various foreign countries. In the conceptual design of the coal fired MHD generation plant, the system structure of a 2,000 MWt class commercial MHD generation plant was explained, as were the conceptual design of the structural elements and proposals for a 500 MWt class demonstration plant and an 100 MWt class experimental plant, for example. In the overseas trend of R and D on MHD generation, investigations were made concerning the U.S., Soviet Union, and China, with details compiled for such items as generation plants, combustors, generation channels, heat resisting materials, superconducting magnets, heat exchangers, seed slags, inverters, boilers and environments, and commercial plants. (NEDO)

FY 1998 evaluation/analysis of the data collected in the field test project for photovoltaic power generation for public facilities; 1998 nendo kokyo shisetsu nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In the field test project for the photovoltaic power generation for public facilities, operational data were collected/analyzed on facilities at 158 sites installed from FY 1994 to FY 1997. As a result, the following were found out: Average values of the global radiation on an inclined surface, equivalent array operation time, equivalent system operation time, system operation time, inverter performance efficiency, inverter load factor, array power coefficient, and system power coefficient are 3.51 kWh/m{sup 2}/D, 2.72 h/D, 2.47 h/D, 10.3 h/D, 0.91, 0.30, 0.77 and 0.70, respectively. No deterioration with age was recognized in the 4-year operation data. As to the maintenance, the item, 'there are a lot of failures in the photovoltaic power system,' was 2% in rate. As to the inspection, times are mostly once a month. The annual maintenance cost was widely between about 360 yen/kW and about 30,000 yen/kW. Supposing annual expenses to be a total of capital expense, direct expense, and general administrative expense, the power generation cost dropped from approximately 240 yen/kWh in FY 1994 to 100 yen/kWh in FY 1997. (NEDO)

FY 1993 report on the results of the technology development for the commercialization of the photovoltaic power system. Development of the solar cell use compound semiconductor production system - development of flight use testing machine; 1993 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyo denchiyo kagobutsu handotai seizo sochi kaihatsu (hikoyo shikenki no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

For a new breakthrough of the technology of the photovoltaic power generation, the paper aims at developing a combined heating furnace, a focal heating furnace and a single heating furnace which are necessary to produce crystals of the substrate of compound semiconductors for high quality solar cell under the microgravity environment obtained in the space, and also the systems related to the functions indispensable to the operation of the above-mentioned furnaces. This report is Vol. 2/3, and described the mission operation in Chapter 7, repair of PFM battery in Chapter 8, mechanical system ground support equipment and maintenance/inspection in Chapter 9, and electrical system ground support equipment and maintenance/repair in Chapter 10. In Chapter 7, described were the arrangement of operation of electrical furnace, operation manual of electrical furnace, procedures for operation, database, training, rehearsal plan, etc. In Chapter 8, of the battery repair plan, the paper carried out the repair design/repair work of battery, and described the state where a test to accept the test specifications is possible. In Chapter 9, indicated were the documents for application and reference of the maintenance/inspection of MGSE. In Chapter 10, the paper reported on the repairs for adaptation for the maintenance and lunching work of EGSE. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use. International cooperation projects (Collection of information on IEA photovoltaic air conditioning and hot water supply program); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kokusai kyoryoku jigyo (IEA taiyo reidanbo kyuto program ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper reports activities of collecting items of information by dispatching experts mainly composed of members of the IEA photovoltaic air conditioning, and solar heating and cooling program (SHCP) committee to the SHCP Executive Committee and the Task expert conferences. This treaty is intended to assist creating the environmentally sustainable future by utilizing solar designs and technologies. It also aims at developing solar technologies including cost reduction as a result of the joint researches with business entities, structuring international markets, providing items of information, quantifying the effectiveness to the environment, performing the international standardization, and promoting utilization of solar technologies in developing countries. The tasks now in action include architectural lighting, methods for analyzing solar architectural energies, optimization of solar energy utilization in large buildings, procurement of active solar systems, air conditioning systems in buildings using the solar energy, solar heat composite systems, expansion of exterior component materials for solar buildings, sustainable buildings, agricultural solar drying, solar cities, a hybrid heat/PV solar system. (NEDO)

FY 1998 Report on development of large-scale wind power generation systems. Feasibility study on development of new technologies for wind power generation (Study on the development of wind power generation systems for small-scale power grids); 1998 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Furyoku hatsuden shingijutsu kaihatsu kanosei chosa (shokibo keito ni okeru furyoku hatsuden system ni kansuru chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This survey includes the characteristics of small-scale power grids, feasibility studies on introduction of wind turbines in these grids, and statuses of application of wind turbines to isolated islands or the like in the advanced countries, in order to promote introduction of wind power generation systems in isolated islands or the like. It is concluded that small-capacity wind power generation systems can be possibly introduced in the intermediate- to large-scale grids in isolated islands, 1,500kW or larger in capacity, in the Tokyo, Kyushu and Okinawa Electric Power Companies' areas. A scheduled steamer ship for isolated islands can carry up to 10 ton track, and introduction of a small-scale wind turbine is more advantageous viewed from the transportation cost. Some foreign countries have the sites which have achieved a high percentage of grid connection of wind power units by stabilizing wind conditions and connecting them to the main high-voltage grids in different manners from those adopted in Japan. For developing wind turbine bodies, most of the foreign countries surveyed are concentrating their efforts on development and manufacture of large-size units, paying little attention on development of small-size wind turbines for isolated islands. For the future prospects, the promising concepts include adoption of wind turbines small in capacity and easy to transport and assemble, and hybrid systems combined with power storage units. (NEDO)

FY 1998 Report on development of large-scale wind power generation systems. Feasibility study on development of new technologies for wind power generation (Study on the development of wind power generation systems for small-scale power grids); 1998 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Furyoku hatsuden shingijutsu kaihatsu kanosei chosa (shokibo keito ni okeru furyoku hatsuden system ni kansuru chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This survey includes the characteristics of small-scale power grids, feasibility studies on introduction of wind turbines in these grids, and statuses of application of wind turbines to isolated islands or the like in the advanced countries, in order to promote introduction of wind power generation systems in isolated islands or the like. It is concluded that small-capacity wind power generation systems can be possibly introduced in the intermediate- to large-scale grids in isolated islands, 1,500kW or larger in capacity, in the Tokyo, Kyushu and Okinawa Electric Power Companies' areas. A scheduled steamer ship for isolated islands can carry up to 10 ton track, and introduction of a small-scale wind turbine is more advantageous viewed from the transportation cost. Some foreign countries have the sites which have achieved a high percentage of grid connection of wind power units by stabilizing wind conditions and connecting them to the main high-voltage grids in different manners from those adopted in Japan. For developing wind turbine bodies, most of the foreign countries surveyed are concentrating their efforts on development and manufacture of large-size units, paying little attention on development of small-size wind turbines for isolated islands. For the future prospects, the promising concepts include adoption of wind turbines small in capacity and easy to transport and assemble, and hybrid systems combined with power storage units. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on new type solar cells); 1974 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Shingatashiki taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-05-27

This report summarizes the fiscal 1974 research result on R and D of new type solar cells, which includes researches on (1) solar cell structure, (2) packaging, and (3) improvement of a conversion efficiency. In the 1st research, theoretical study was made on the relation between a solar cell efficiency and various design factors to obtain basic data for ordinary cell structure and vertical junction type cell structure. As impurity source, a thermal diffusion method using doped oxide by CVD was compared with that using boron nitride, resulting in no difference in solar cell characteristics between both methods. The measurement results on contact resistances of Al, Fe and Ni with electrodes prepared by electron beam deposition showed that these materials are applicable to Si more than 10{sup 18}/cm{sup 3} in impurity density as electrode materials. In the 2nd research, exposure tests were made on some kinds of specimens, resulting in no troubles. Study was made on production costs and structures suitable for automatic production of 4 kinds of packages with different basic structures. In the 3rd research, the prototype solar cell was prepared to use under solar radiation within 20SUNS. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on Si ribbon crystal horizontal pulling method); 1974 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system seika hokokusho. Silicon yokohiki ribbon kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-05-01

The ribbon crystal horizontal pulling process first supplies Si melt from a continuous Si material supply equipment to a pulling bath which is formed by a quartz crucible and heater. Supplied melt is heated by the pulling bath heater to keep its molten condition. The pulling bath is piled up to the top rim of the quartz crucible by supplied melt, forming the liquid surface of the pulling bath. A plane crystal seed is contacted with melt nearly horizontally. A crystal growth layer is formed at the solid-liquid interface of the contact part of the seed by controlling a heat control equipment and bath heating power. Non-dendrite growth is better in crystal quality than the others. Among non-dendrite growth methods, a horizontal pulling method is more excellent in fast pulling of wider ribbon crystals than a vertical one. Among horizontal pulling methods, Toyo Silicon Co.' method discharges heat into gas phase by using free surface including the vicinity of the seed as cooling surface, while Bleil method uses a solid heat sink for heat release, resulting in slower crystal growth. (NEDO)

Achievement reports on joint research of solar energy power generation field test project in fiscal 1997. Part 2 of 3; 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho 2/3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-08-01

This report is a collection of 26 achievement reports on joint research of a solar energy power generation field test project. The major contents of the achievement reports relate to the solar energy power generation field test project (summarized as manufacture and installation of solar energy power generation systems, summary of solar energy power generation facilities, peripheral devices, and daily schedule of the construction). The reports describe achievements of the joint research (names and achievements of the joint research, study presentation, lectures, literatures, status of patents, similar research in and cooperation with other research institutions), generalization of the research, and future problems. Locations of the joint research carried out are libraries, kindergartens, health and welfare centers, children's culture centers, general traffic centers, primary and middle schools, river water purifying facilities, credit banks, manufactories, retail shops at car parking areas, office buildings, hospitals, joint prefectural office buildings, municipal health centers, and prefectural general power generation control stations. (NEDO)

FY 1977 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Research and development of photovoltaic power generation systems (Research and development of particle nonacceleration growth type silicon thin-film crystals); 1977 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Ryushi hikasoku seichogata silicon usumaku kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-01

As part of the research and development project for producing photovoltaic power generation systems at reduced cost, the R and D efforts are made for producing particle nonacceleration growth type silicon thin-film crystals. The research items are (1) research on thin-film crystals, and (2) research on cell-structuring method. The item (1) studies quantities, types and electrical properties of impurities and crystal defects in the polycrystalline ingots, produced by the Czochralski method from metal grade silicon and purified metal grade silicon stocks. Next, the substrate prepared above is coated with a thin film of silicon by the vapor-phase growth method with dichlorosilane as the source, to evaluate the thin-film crystals by measuring the crystal defects and lifetime of small numbers of carriers. The item (2) studies the effects of the solder dipping method. In addition, unevenness of photoelectric current is analyzed by a laser scanning microscope, to investigate the effects of the secondary impurities and crystal defects in the substrate crystals on photoelectric current. As a result, it is found that conversion efficiency is improved by grading the hole concentration in the p-type activated layer. The targets of 10 to 20 m{sup 2} as the area and 7 to 8% as the conversion efficiency are attained by preparing the crystals again. (NEDO)

Achievement reports on joint research of solar energy power generation field test project in fiscal 1997. Part 3 of 3; 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho 3/3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-08-01

This report is a collection of 40 achievement reports on joint research of a solar energy power generation field test project. The major contents of the achievement reports relate to the solar energy power generation field test project (summarized as manufacture and installation of solar energy power generation systems, summary of solar energy power generation facilities, status of installation of solar cells, peripheral devices, and daily schedule of the construction). The reports describe achievements of the joint research (names and achievements of the joint research, study presentation, lectures, literatures, status of patents, similar research in and cooperation with other research institutions), generalization of the research, and future problems. Locations of the joint research carried out are hospitals, township hospitals, a science hall for youths, study and educational cities, primary schools, middle schools, high schools, universities, senior health centers, a life cooperative association, retails shops, factories, office buildings, joint governmental office buildings, Shinkansen stations, prefectural industrial testing centers, health and welfare centers, FM broadcasting studios, a town operated hall of technologies, prefectural office buildings and training centers. (NEDO)

Space power station. Uchu hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kudo, I. (Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan))

1993-02-20

A calculation tells that the amount of electric power the world will use in the future will require 100 to 500 power plants each with an output of 5-GW class. If this conception is true, it is beyond dispute that utilizing nuclear power will constitute a core of the power generation even though the geographical conditions are severe for nuclear power plants. It is also certain that power generation using clean solar energy will play important roles if power supply stability can be achieved. This paper describes plans to develop space solar power generation and space nuclear power generation that can supply power solving problems concerning geographical conditions and power supply stability. The space solar power generation is a system to arrest solar energy on a static orbit. According to a result of discussions in the U.S.A., the plan calls for solar cell sheets spread over the surface of a structure with a size of 5 km [times] 10 km [times] 0.5 km thick, and electric power obtained therefrom is transmitted to a rectenna with a size of 10 km [times] 13 km, a receiving antenna on the ground. The space nuclear power generation will be constructed similarly on a static orbit. Researches on space nuclear reactors have already begun. 10 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

Report on results of contract research. 'Research on MHD generation system'; MHD hatsuden system no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

'Research on MHD generation system' was implemented by its expert committee in the electric joint study group, with the results of fiscal 1981 reported. This year, technological reexamination was conducted for a 2,000 MWt commercial MHD generation plant, with evaluation carried out on the cost performance including the construction and operation cost. In addition, for the purpose of intermediate R and D towards the practicability, examination was also conducted on a system structure, concrete specifications of component element, cost of R and D including operation expenses for example, concerning an 100 MWt class experimental plant and a 500 MWt class plant. In the investigation of the overseas trend, information was summarized in detail on the experimental devices, combustors, generation channels, electrode materials, electrode phenomena, theoretical analyses, seeds, slag, component equipment, instrumental technologies, conceptual designs of generation plant, commercial plant, etc., in Soviet Union, China, Holland, India and EPRI, on the basis of the materials from the 19th MHD symposium held in UTSI and from the coal MHD specialist conference held in Sydney. (NEDO)

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Characterization and control of surface/interface recombination velocity of crystalline silicon thin films; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Silicon kessho usumaku ni okeru hyomen kaimen saiketsugo sokudo no hyoka to seigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hasegawa, H [Hokkaido University, Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-12-01

This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on characterization and control of surface/interface recombination velocity of crystalline silicon thin films. To optimize design and manufacture of solar cells, it is necessary to identify correctly resistance factor (or doping) of bulk of materials, bulk minority carrier life, and recombination velocity on surface, passivation interface and electrode interface. A group in the Hokkaido University has been working since a few years ago on development of non-contact and non-destructive photo-luminescence surface level spectroscopy (PLS{sup 3}). A new non-contact C-V method was also introduced. Using these methods, basic discussions were given on possibility of separate measurements on surface/interface and bulk characteristics of solar cell materials. The PLS{sup 3} method and the non-contact C-V method were used for experimental discussions on evaluation of silicon mono-crystalline and poly-crystalline materials. Discussions were given on separate evaluations by using the DLTS method. 10 figs., 2 tabs.

Research report for fiscal 1997 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology; 1997 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Tests and researches have been performed with the objectives to establish an evaluation technology for load leveling effect by using a small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use, to clarify the effectiveness of the system as a discrete power supply source through demonstration operation, and furthermore to achieve optimization of designs of the small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1997. The current fiscal year has performed the continued collection of data of the demonstration operation, and analysis and evaluation on the photovoltaic power generation characteristics and the house load characteristics. According to the data analysis result for fiscals 1995 through 1997, it was shown that, although the photovoltaic power generation system for residential use does not contribute much to load leveling in a house, it contributes to load leveling in the distribution line on the whole or a case as large as a grid. In addition, according to the survey on users who have installed the photovoltaic power generation system, it was indicated that the consciousness of electric power and energy conservation has heightened. The capacity of a photovoltaic power generation system for residential use is 3 kW for a standard type of home, which can take care of more than 60% of the house load. It was concluded that, if a storage battery of small capacity is accommodated, the system is effective for reduction of momentary peak load, enhancement of the power quality, and supply of power at a disaster. (NEDO)

Report on results of contract research. 'Research on MHD generation system'; MHD hatsuden system no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-03-01

'Research on MHD generation system' was implemented by its expert committee in the electric joint study group, with the results of fiscal 1982 reported. This year is the final year of this research; therefore, reexamination was made from the practical standpoint on the R and D of coal fired MHD generation, evaluating the present technological level as well as clarifying the development procedures, with proposals made as to the R and D from now on. The present technological level in the practicability is still in the basic stage, where the essential problem is the development of combustors, air heaters and generation channels in particular. An examination was conducted for the problems, procedures and period of the development for each component equipment, with the results provided as materials for studying the path to the experimental plant of 100 MW heat input. In the method of proceeding with the R and D in the future, it was decided as essential, in order to enter the stage of the experimental plant from the element technology development, that R and D is carried out on the unestablished component technology, making sure that no excessive risk is taken in scaling up to the next stage. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1985 Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system (Verification of experimental low cost silicon refining - Development of technology for chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction process); 1985 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tei cost silicon jikken seisei kensho (chlorosilane no suiso kangen kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1986-03-01

The operation continues of the experimental device capable of producing 10 tons/year of SOG (spun on glass)-Si, and efforts are under way to carry out improvements, to verify such improvements for the results, and to develop operation control technologies. During the operation, improvements are made with respect to the length of stable operation period, granule quality, and device operation, and the results are verified. An automated control test system is verified, and a reactor tube newly developed by Shin-Etsu Chemical Company is subjected to a durability verification test. On the other hand, development is started of SiC-CVD (chemical vapor deposition) technology for materials for large reactor tubes, studies are started on a basic experimental device, basic studies are conducted for designing a large reactor, and investigations are conducted of a large plant conceptual design, an automated control system for reactors, and so forth. The results achieved are all found to be satisfactory. Above all, the granule quality is improved to be quite high in purity, and a cast cell made from improved granules exhibits a photoelectric conversion efficiency to exceed 13%. It is also found that the newly developed reactor tube is stronger than conventional reactor tubes and will be advantageous over others in the future enlargement of devices. (NEDO)

Analysis and evaluation for practical application of photovoltaic power generation system. Research and development of elemental technologies for thin-type solar cells; Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka. Usugata takessho taiyo denchi jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sekikawa, T; Shimokawa, R; Yui, N; Takato, H; Takahashi, T; Ishii, K; Suzuki, E; Nagai, K; Kawanami, H; Tanimoto, J; Sakuta, H; Iwata, Y; Saito, N; Koyama, K; Sawada, S [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for analysis and evaluation for thin substrate polycrystalline solar cells. In order to analyze the structures of the grain boundaries in and interfaces with the cell substrate, and their effects on electrical activity, the photoluminescence (PL) measurement which enables spectroscopic analysis is applied to electromagnetically cast Si crystals. There are good correlations among PL luminous intensity, MBIC output and dislocation density for the grain boundary which contains many strains and serves as the dislocation source, because carriers in such a grain boundary easily disappear to reduce its luminous intensity at the band ends. Concrete scenarios for realizing thin-film silicon solar cells of high efficiency are presented, based on the analysis of the light-contained thin-film silicon solar cells of high output current, made in the previous year on a trial basis. An alumina substrate of high reflectivity is produced by the experiments of combining various devices. It is expected to realize high output current for the thin-film solar cells. 3 figs.

Fiscal 1997 research report on the data collection, evaluation and analysis in the PV power generation field test project for public facilities; 1997 nendo kokyo shisetsu nado yo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

As a part of the field test project for diffusing PV power generation into public facilities generally, evaluation and analysis were made on the collected data from 105 sites installed during fiscal 1993-1996. Analysis of operation characteristics was made by using parameters obtained by developing a basic equation for every component. 94% of all the sites fell under the total solar irradiation of 3.0- 4.5kWh/m{sup 2}/D. 83% of those fell under the equivalent array operation time of 2.5-4.0h/D. 70% of those fell under the equivalent system operation time of 2.5-3.5h/D. 72% of those fell under the system operation time of 9.0-12.0h/D. 78% of those fell under the effective inverter efficiency of 0.84- 0.96. 68% of those fell under the inverter load factor of 0.25-0.35. 85% of those fell under the array performance ratio of 0.7-1.0. 83% of those fell under the system performance ratio of 0.6-0.9. The generation cost decreased from 270yen/kWh in 1993 to 100yen/kWh in 1996 because reduction of an installation cost largely contributed to reduction of the total cost. (NEDO)

Tidal energy conversion. Renewable energy; 3-3 choseki / choryu hatsuden. II. saisei kano energy ni yoru hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Makino, T. [Tobishima Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-10-15

There are not much examples applying tidal energy conversion, but tide and tidal current phenomena can be forecasted so correctly regardless of weather that the applying tidal energy is to be expected in the future. The largest tidal power plant is at Reims in France and install 24 Kaplan turbines each of which outlet power is 10,000kW (rotational direction is reversible) on the breakwater (750m is length). Tidal range at this place being 8.5m on an average, during the period of flowing seawater into the reservoir and on the contrary during the period of discharging seawater to the sea generation is both performed. Though there is no actual result of tidal power plant in Japan, in tidal current power system experimental generators have been installed at Kurushima channel and Naruto channel. Nihon University carried out various kinds of experiment using a Darius turbine (1.6m in dia.) at Kurushima channel and got outlet power of 3kW at the maximum (1983-`88). There are few coasts which have sufficient tide range in Japan, but there are so good many applicable coasts in China and Southeast Asia that the tidal power generation is to be expectatively. 12 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

Application of adaptive control to windmill power system by computer simulation. Simulation ni yoru tekio seigyo no furyoku hatsuden system eno oyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tomiya, T.; Matsuo, T. (Anan College of Technology, Tokushima (Japan)); Suzuki, T.; Kamano, T. (Tokushima University, Tokushima (Japan). Faculty of Engineering)

1991-07-20

A windmill power system using load DC generators having resistive load was subjected to discussions by simulation on development of a control method and its output characteristics to draw out the wind energy effectively even when the system characteristics are unknown. The control method used is a mountaineering method available among adaptive control methods. As a result of discussions, the effectiveness of the mountaineering method was confirmed in controlling the output either when the wind velocity is constant or variable. With respect to the control interval, which is a problem in carrying out a control, it was found that the control output stabilizes as the control interval is increased when the wind velocity is constant, but takes longer time before reaching a steady state output. When the wind velocity is variable, the increased control interval reduces the output slightly because of the load resistance change becoming coarser. It was also revealed that, on simulated natural winds, this control method can draw out more energy than by a fixed load resistance. 7 refs., 11 figs., 1 tab.

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 on Sunshine Program research and development of photovoltaic power systems. Research and development of amorphous solar cells (Research on amorphous silicon defect density); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Amorphous taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (Amorphous silicon no kekkan mitsudo no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

So as to determine the energy distribution of defect level density in a-Si, which is indispensable for an optimum solar cell design, the hitherto unclear theoretical relationship between the field effect method and MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) capacity method is made clear, and a unified theory is newly established. A high-speed totally automatic evaluation system is developed, capable of high-accuracy determination of defect levels. For the realization of an a-Si MOS structure required for fulfilling the above purpose, a-Si is grown and then diborane and ammonia are subjected to a glow discharge decomposition process for the formation of a new insulation film. It is found that the material may be utilized for MOS structure construction for defect density evaluation. Studies are conducted on plasma emission spectroscopy and infrared absorption analysis for the elucidation of growth mechanism for the growth of high-quality a-Si. Key radicals in plasma that govern film growth are investigated. It is disclosed that excited hydrogen in plasma plays an important part in microcrystalline phase deposition. It is also disclosed that hydrogenation greatly improves on CVD (chemical vapor deposition) a-Si doping efficiency. (NEDO)

Generation by heated rock. Technology for hot dry rock geothermal power; Yakeishi ni mizu de hatsuden. Koon gantai hatsuden no gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hori, Y. [Central Research Inst. of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1995-06-15

Japan is one of the most distinguished volcanic country in the world and about 8% of the active volcanos of the world are distributed in Japan. This kind of a large quantity and natural energy resource near us are used as hot springs in the whole country and as for electricity in 10 geothermal power stations. In future, if this enormous underground geothermal energy could be utilized safely and economically by using new power generation system like hot dry rock geothermal power generation (HDR), it may contribute a little to the 21st century`s energy problem of Japan. Central Research Inst. of Electric Power Industry has installed `Okachi HDR testing ground` in Okachi-machi of Akita Ken, and is carrying out experiments since 1989. Hot dry rock geothermal power generation is a method in which water is injected to the hot dry rock and the thermal energy is recovered that the natural rock bed is used as a boiler. However, development of many new technologies is necessary to bring this system in practical use. 9 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

Research report for fiscal 1996 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology; 1996 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Tests and researches have been performed with the objectives to establish an evaluation technology for load leveling effect by using a small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use, to clarify the effectiveness of the system as a discrete power supply source through demonstration operation, and furthermore to achieve optimization of designs of the small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1996. The current fiscal year has performed collection of data of the demonstration operation, checked the consistency in photovoltaic power generation characteristics, and housing and distribution line load characteristics, and the results were mounted on the database. The demonstration operation data were used to analyze and evaluate the facility utilization rate in the photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic power generation dependence of the house load, load rate, and peak load reduction rate. As a result, it was found that not much of the peak load reduction effect by the photovoltaic power generation was recognized because the house load is related mainly on lighting load. However, as seen from the distribution line load, the peak load reduction was recognized when the house load and the commercial and industrial load are mixed, whereas it was revealed that the reduction effect is worth evaluation. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1984 on New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization-entrusted projects - Sunshine Program. Development of photovoltaic power system practical application technologies (Research on the practical application of low-cost monosilane production technologies); 1984 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tei cost monosilane seizo gijutsu no jitsuyoka kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-01

Low-cost monosilane production technologies are studied for film formation on amorphous solar cells. In fiscal 1984, the monosilane generation system modified in the preceding fiscal year is subjected to an extended operation for stability test for improvement on the process. The purity of monosilane produced during the stability test operation is found to satisfy the target level, and this means that the system operates at high efficiency. As for electrolysis, important problems arise with detriment to the practical application of this method. Though a solution is found for each of the problems, yet the problem of how to prove their effect remains to be solved. As for technologies for monosilane purity evaluation, a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) proving furnace is built, and research is started as to how to perform purity estimation using the characteristics of silicon layers epitaxially grown on high-resistance silicon substrates. The monosilane is examined, and it is found that its has a spreading resistance of 1,000 ohm-cm against the 2,000 ohm-cm of monosilane available on the market. Since the characteristics determined in this way are greatly affected by the conditions set for CVD, it is necessary to make further efforts to enhance optimization. (NEDO)

FY 2001 study report on the evaluation/analysis of the data collected in the field test project on the photovoltaic power generation for public facilities, etc.; 2001 nendo kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kokyo shisetsu you taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

As a field test project on the photovoltaic power generation, collection/analysis/evaluation of the operational data were made about photovoltaic power systems installed at 73 places in FY 2001. As to the analysis of deterioration with age and yearly changes of the system, analysis was made of operation hours of the equivalent system, system output coefficient and inverter performance efficiency in FY 1999, FY 2000 and FY 2001, and it was confirmed that there was few deterioration with age. Relating to the evaluation of reliability of the system, evaluation was made for the record of failures of photovoltaic power systems at 73 places, and the results were not very good as follows: average failure cycle: 1.06 y/system; average failure repair period: 14.9 d/system; rough opportunity loss electric energy: 81,548 kWh/y x 73 sites. Concerning the analysis of economical efficiency, the system cost decreased year by year to 1,102,000 yen/kW in FY 1997, and the power generation cost became 91.8 yen/kWh. The fund recovery year was 35.3 years, assuming the following: unit price of selling electricity: 15 yen/kWh, durable years: 20 years, and public subsidiary rate: 1/2. (NEDO)

FY 1998 evaluation/analysis by site of the data collected in the field test project for photovoltaic power generation for public facilities. 4/4; 1998 nendo kokyo shisetsu nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki kaku site betsu. 4/4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

The data items are horizontal insolation intensity, inclined insolation intensity, effective inclined insolation intensity (each unit: kWh/m{sup 2}), average temperature, array power energy, system power energy, system consumption power, load power energy, system supply load, and back flow power energy (each unit: kWh). Besides, the number of interconnected protective movement, disconnection hour (minute), system operating hour (minute), independent operating load, independent supply load (each unit: kWh), equivalent array operating hour, equivalent system operating hour, array/system output coefficient, system utilization rate/power generation rate, INV effective efficiency, and INV load factor. The objects of field tests are government office (joint office building, etc.), school (college, high school, elementary school, etc.), the Shinkansen Kyoto Station, health/welfare facilities (health facilities for the elderly, welfare center, etc.), hospital, industrial experimental station, training facilities (exhibition training facilities, etc.), broadcasting facilities, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1997 evaluation/analysis by site of the data collected in the field test project for photovoltaic power generation for public facilities. 1/3; Kokyo shisetsunadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki kaku site betsu (1997 nendo). 1/3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The data on field tests of the photovoltaic power generation were collected. The items for survey were as follows: horizontal insolation intensity, inclined insolation intensity, effective inclined insolation intensity, average temperature, array electric energy, system electric energy, load electric energy, system supply load, back flow electric energy, interconnected protective movement, disconnection hour, system operation hour, independent operation load, independent supply load, equivalent array operation, equivalent system operation, array output coefficient, system output coefficient, system utilization rate, system charging efficiency, INV effective efficiency, INV load factor, etc. The number of the places for survey is 37 including the following: Hikarigaoka Park of Sakata City, Koiwai Plant of Koiwai Dairy Product Co., Kameoka Ayumi Nursely School, Ichinoseki I-DOME, Okano Park, Kuriyama Park Health Sports Center, Mejiro University, Tokyo Hikarigaoka Sports Facilities, Regional Community Center, Yokohama Tobu Joint Purchase Center, Taemi-so Nursing Care Center for the Elderly, Uemichi School Meal Providing Center, Okayama Prefectural Office, Oita Prefectural Agricultural Research Center, Kanagawa Industrial Technology Research Center Institute, etc. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1995 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology; 1995 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Research and development has been performed with the objectives to establish an evaluation technology for load leveling effect by using a small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use, to clarify the effectiveness of the system as a discrete power supply source through demonstration operation, and furthermore to achieve optimization of the small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1995. With the demonstration operation in the current fiscal year, through-the-year data have been accumulated for the first time since the start of the demonstration operation, and were mounted on the load leveling database. As a result of analyzing the demonstration operation data, the following points were revealed: regarding the housing load, the lighting load is the main factor both in summer and winter; the effect of reducing the peak load by photovoltaic power generation is recognized at about 60% as maximum, but the substantial effect has large variation, hence stochastic; and the reverse current becomes the main factor during daytime, not necessarily leading to improvement of the housing load characteristics in the aspect of load rate. According to the surveys on the energy demand trends up to the year 2030, the power supply configuration, and introduction cost, it was revealed that the photovoltaic power generation can be sufficiently expected as a power supply to handle the peak load. (NEDO)

FY 1997 evaluation/analysis by site of the data collected in the field test project for photovoltaic power generation for public facilities. 3/3; Kokyo shisetsunadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki kaku site betsu (1997 nendo). 3/3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-07-01

The data were collected on field tests of the photovoltaic power generation. The items of measurement are horizontal insolation intensity, inclined insolation intensity, effective inclined insolation intensity, average temperature, array electric energy, system electric energy, load electric energy, system supply load, back flow electric energy, interconnected protective movement, disconnection hour, system operating hour, independent operation load, independent supply load, equivalent array operation, equivalent system operation, array output coefficient, system output coefficient, system utilization rate, system power generation efficiency, INV effective efficiency, INV load factor, etc. The number of places for measurement is 27 including the following: Environmental Science Research Institute, Utatsu-cho Municipal Office, Ginga-gakuin Junior High School, New Energy Business Coop, Nisshin Techno Center, Shikoku Medicom Co., Miyosawa Kinoko-en, Takasaki City Welfare Vocational School, Madama Junior High School, Hitoo Junior High School, Koshien-gakuin Junior/Senior High School, Sansei Technical Research Development Center, Mitsui Greenland, DHI Mach head office/plant, Nabeya Ueno Water Purification Plant, Hoo Senior High School, National Agricultural Resource Research Center, etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system (Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Tandem type solar cells are developed, in which solar cells with different band gaps are stacked for effectively utilizing optical energy across the entire range of solar spectrum. A material gas supply control device for multiple epitaxial growth was added to a large-area GaAs film epitaxial growth unit, and a film thickness homogeneity of {+-}1% was achieved. A GaInP epitaxial layer fabricated in the same way was also enhanced in homogeneity. A low-carrier concentration layer was inserted into the top cell GaInP p-n junction for the construction of a p-i-n structure, and this improved on the short-circuit current. Furthermore, a p-p-i-n structure was constructed having two emitter layers, and this improved on spectral sensitivity for the achievement of a conversion efficiency of 13.6%. Studies were conducted about the tunnel junction which plays an important role in the stacking of cells, and the tunnel peak current was increased to 7.41A/cm{sup 2}. Fabrication is now under way of a GaInP/GaAs stacked cell, which is expected to exhibit a conversion efficiency of 25% or higher. In the case of a GaInAs cell to serve as the bottom cell, a conversion efficiency of 5.1% was achieved. Consequently, it is safely expected that a 3-junction stack of GaInP/GaAs//GaInAs will exhibit a conversion efficiency of 30% or higher. (NEDO)

FY 1979 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Research and development of photovoltaic power generation systems (Research and development of vertically drawn ribbon crystals of silicon); 1979 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Silicon tatehiki ribon kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

The efforts in this fiscal year for development of methods for vertically drawing ribbon crystals of silicon are directed to the following items, in order to further improve the techniques for vertically drawing two or more ribbon crystals on a continuous basis, developed in the previous fiscal year: (1) tests of the drawing apparatus, developed in the previous fiscal year, to deepen the techniques for drawing the ribbon crystals, (2) modification of the above apparatus to further develop the apparatus for vertically drawing two or more ribbon crystals on a continuous basis, (3) comparison of drawing a single ribbon crystal, conducted separately, with drawing two or more ribbon crystals, to clarify the problems involved in the latter, and (4) basic investigations on the materials for the furnace internals exposed to high temperature, other than the carbon material used at present. The vertically drawn ribbon crystals of silicon is investigated, based on the results obtained in the previous fiscal year that ribbon crystal quality depends on impurities present therein, mainly for (1) quantitative analysis of the impurity elements present in the ribbon crystal, (2) relationship between impurity elements and characteristics of the solar cells made on a trial basis, and (3) investigations on local concentration of the impurity elements. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 report of research on the analysis and evaluation on data collected in project of field test of photovoltaic power generation for public and other facilities; 2000 nendo kokyo shisetsunadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of promoting photovoltaic power generation, analysis and evaluation were conducted on the data of the project of the field test in public facilities for example. This paper describes the fiscal 2000 results. The equivalent array operation time was 2.98 h/day and, by multiplying it by the output of the standard test condition, a generated output was obtained. The system generating efficiency was 0.102 while the inverter energy efficiency was 0.917 on the average. The average array performance ratio was 0.778 and the system performance ratio was 0.714. The analysis on cost effectiveness of the installed systems has an important bearing upon the future introduction, promotion and development. The power generating cost (the annual cost was calculated as the sum of the capital cost, the direct cost, and the administrative expenses) decreased as the installation year progressed, with the average at the sites installed in fiscal 1997 at 93 yen/kWh. The system cost (calculated by dividing the construction cost by the array capacity) also decreased as the installation year became more recent. The annual maintenance cost showed a wide range from 500 yen to 30,000 yen/kW. Answers from the sites that the systems were running smoothly were 38 to 45%, while those that trouble occurrence was frequent were 2.4% on the generating systems and 12.9% on the measuring systems. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 research report on the PV power generation field test project for public facilities. Evaluation and analysis of collected data for every site (2/3); 1997 nendo kokyo shisetsu nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki. Kaku site betsu (2/3)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

As a part of the PV power generation field test project, this report summarizes the monthly collected data for every site in fiscal 1996. Collected data items are as follows: horizontal/total/effective solar irradiation (kWh/m{sup 2}), average air temperature, array power, system power, load power, power system supply load, reverse power flow (kWh for every item), power system protective operation frequency, system disinterconnection time (min), system operation time (min), self-operation load, self-supply load, equivalent array/system operation time, array/system performance ratio, system use factor, system generation efficiency, effective inverter efficiency, and inverter load factor. The test sites include various public facilities such as doctor's office, newspaper office, general building for public corporations, primary school, hot water pool, health center, public hall, town/ward office, water purification plant, consumers' cooperative (CO-OP), university, high school, technical center, training center, nursery school, kindergarten, and nursing home for the aged. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 research report on the PV power generation field test project for public facilities. Evaluation and analysis of collected data for every site (1/2); 1996 nendo kokyo shisetsu nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki. Kaku site betsu (1/2)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

As a part of the PV power generation field test project, this report summarizes the monthly collected data for every site in fiscal 1996. The test sites include various public facilities such as park, school, university, museum, Shinkansen platform, laboratory, technical center, training building, local governmental hotel, health athletic center, community center, joint purchase center, consumers' cooperative (CO-OP), school meals provision center, prefectural office building, police station garage, water purification plant, general disaster prevention center, and health center. Collected data items are as follows: total solar irradiation (kWh/m{sup 2}), average air temperature, array power, system power, load power, power system supply load, reverse power flow, self supply load (kWh for every item), system disinterconnection time (min), system operation time (min), equivalent array/system operation time, array/system performance ratio, system use factor, system generation efficiency, effective inverter efficiency, and inverter load factor. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Report on the technical results. Part 1. Development of fuel cell power generation technologies (Research and development of molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system); 1999 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 1. Yoyu tansan'engata nenryo denchi (hatsuden system no kenknyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-05-01

This research and development project is aimed at development of the stacking, cooling and operating technologies for the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation systems, to improve service life and performance of these systems and reduce their cost, based on the results obtained so far by the FY 1993. The R and D efforts are directed to (1) technologies for improving stack performance, (2) development of the plant system by operating a 1,000kW class power generation system, and (3) support technologies, e.g., those for stack materials. The item (1) studies 3 stack types, cross-flow, parallel-flow and internal reforming types, including the electrodes, electrolyte-supporting bases and improvement of performance and service life by separator reforming for the cross-flow and parallel-flow types, and installation and operation of a 200kW class stack system for the internal reforming type, where cells are assembled into the system and tested for their operability, after the auxiliary units are PAC-tested. The item (2) installs a 1,000kW class plant, which is operated, after clearing the requirements set by the related laws, e.g., Electric Utility Industry Law, for starting the operation, to achieve the intended targets. The item (3) includes development of the technologies for stack materials, technologies for handling gases produced by coal gasification, and studies on the total systems. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Evaluation and analysis of the data collected by the field test project for photovoltaic power generation in public facilities. By site (1/3); 1999 nendo kokyo shisetsu nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo ni okeru shushu data hyoka kaiseki. 1/3. Kaku site betsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

Described herein are the results of evaluation and analysis of the data (management nos.701 to 814) collected by the field test project for photovoltaic power generation in a total of 45 facilities, mainly public. Each system is operated for 30 to 31 days every month. A total of 23 items of the data described below are recorded every day, and totaled up, averaged and evaluated for effectiveness at the end of the month: solar radiation on a horizontal, sloped and effective sloped plane, average air temperature, array electric energy, system electric energy, system power consumption, load electric energy, load for supplying power to a network, electric energy of reversed flow, linkage protection actions, linkage parallel off time, system operation time, self-sustaining load, load of voluntary supply, equivalent array operation, equivalent system operation, array output coefficient, system output coefficient, system utilization, system power generation efficiency, INV effective efficiency, and INV load factor. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (solar heat power generation); 1976 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyonetsu hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

Research was made on solar heat power generation following last fiscal year, as a part of solar energy utilization technologies. In this fiscal year, in particular, research was made on the following: selection of suitable sites for solar heat power plants in Japan, estimation of expected power supply, positioning of a solar heat power system among future power systems, operation policy of solar heat power systems, survey on suitable sites for the 1,000kW pilot power plant, operation characteristics of the small test plant, design of the 1,000kW pilot power plant, test methods and facilities for every element equipment of solar heat power systems, an environmental test method for mostly solar collectors, and the profitability of solar heat power systems. Optimum operation temperature levels were nearly 350 degrees C for distributed systems and nearly 400 degrees C for centralized ones. The distributed system is profitable in a unit capacity range less than 5-10MWe, while the centralized system is profitable in a range over 10MWe. Under some assumptions, the power cost of solar heat power systems was estimated to be 20-30yen/kWH. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 Sunshine Program on development of practical application technologies for photovoltaic power systems. Test production and verification of solar panels (Development of polycrystalline substrate process technologies); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyo denchi panel jikken seisaku kensho (takessho kiban kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

Studies are conducted to enlarge the diameter of polycrystalline Si castings and to develop a low-loss slicing method using silicon nitride powder as mold releasing agent. The apparatus for Czochralski's pulling process is improved and tested using SEG (selective epitaxial growth) Si, and now the casting of a 150mm-diameter ingot is feasible. Also, test production of a 94mm-square wafer as specified by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) is successfully carried out. Difficulties in separating the mold releasing agent from the crucible are solved by changing the Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} power solution from PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) to ethyl silicate. The design, manufacture, and installation of the important parts of the system for the mass production of castings are now complete. The crucible is designed to be movable relative to the heater section, and the molten Si is allowed to cool and solidify from the bottom upward. In relation with the development of low-cost wafer manufacturing technologies, low-loss slicing methods are studied. It is concluded that under the current circumstances a multi-blade saw is more promising than the multi-wire saw in view of the damaged slice rate, processing speed, operating cost, and maintainability. (NEDO)

Report of results of contract research. 'Research on magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) generation'; MHD hatsuden system no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

Examination was conducted in detail on an MHD generation system by coal combustion, with the results reported. Concerning a gas table calculation program in coal combustion, it was prepared assuming 100% slag removal ratio in the combustor as the primary approximation. A combustor for MHD generation needs to efficiently burn fuel using high temperature pre-heated air as the oxidant, to fully dissociate/electrolytically dissociate seed, and to supply to the generation channel a high speed combustion gas plasma having a high electrical conductivity which is required for MHD generation. This year, an examination was conducted on technological problems in burning coal in an MHD combustor. As for the NOx elimination system in an MHD generation plant, an examination was made if the method studied so far in MHD generation using heavy oil as the fuel is applicable to coal. Also investigated and reviewed were various characteristics, change in physical properties, recovery method, etc., in a mixed state of seed and slag in the case of coal combustion MHD. (NEDO)

Photovoltaic power generation field test at Industrial Technology Research Institute. Prefectural office building in a sunshine-rich district (Kanagawa Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Institute); Sangyo gijutsu sogo kenkyusho taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (nissha ryoko chiku no kenchosha). Kanagawaken sangyo gijutsu sogo kenkyusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Okazaki, H [Kanagawa Prefectural Government Office, Yokohama (Japan)

1997-05-30

The result of a photovoltaic power generation field test in fiscal 1996 on a prefectural office building in a sunshine-rich district is reported. It is a lighting power source installed in fiscal 1994 on the third-floor rooftop of the management information building of Kanagawa Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Institute. It has a capacity of 25kW, operating on system interconnection (no back flow), and has a single 15-series/26-parallel array (mono-crystal modules) facing 38deg westward from due south and inclined at an elevation angle of 20deg. From the 240000kWh insolation that contributed to power generation, a DC power output of 28000kWh was obtained, output of 25000kWh after conversion into AC. The module efficiency was 10.8-13.8%, higher when the daily mean temperature was lower. In the case of 3kW type expected to diffuse into the residential and commercial sector and household sector, one will output 3000kWh a year, which is an appropriate capacity as a locally distributed type power generating system in view of the monthly consumption of 2000kWh by a household in general in the Tokyo Electric Power Co., Ltd. service area. No problem is found in reliability of the tested system. Although the power it generates is less than what this office consumes, it is effective in enlightening people about resources saving and peak cut in summer

FY 1977 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Survey and research on systems utilizing solar energy (Solar thermal power generation systems); 1977 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyo netsu hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-31

This project is aimed at surveys and researches on operation, economic efficiency and performance evaluation of solar thermal power generation systems, and test methods, e.g., for aging the materials for their devices, in order to establish the methods for evaluating their performance. For operation of solar thermal power generation systems, a feasible system is a hybrid with another system, e.g., thermal power or nuclear system. For economic efficiency, heat-storage capacity will be based on power generation for around 4 hours a day for a solar system to be installed in Japan. The construction and light/heat-collecting costs should be reduced to around 300,000 yen/kW and 13,000 to 21,000 yen/m{sup 2}, respectively, in order to keep the power generation cost at around 23 yen/kWH. The energy analysis of solar thermal power generation, based on the data given by the industrial correlation tables, indicates that the total energy required for construction of the system can be recovered in 2 to 3 years. Also outlined are construction of a 1MW pilot plant and its facilities, and designs of the pilot plants with a curved surface or tower type light collector. A total of 12 types of reflection mirrors are screened for establishing the air-exposure testing methods. Methods for treating back surface edges of the reflection mirrors are also investigated. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of commercialization technology of the photovoltaic power system. International cooperation project (Collection of the information on the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Program); 2000 nendo seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai jigyo kyoryoku (IEA taiyo reidanbo kyuto program ni kansuru joho shushu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

By sending specialists including mostly members of the IEA (International Energy Agency)/SHCP (Solar Heating and Cooling Program) to the Executive Committee Meeting of SHCP and the Task Specialist Meeting, information was collected, and the FY 2000 results were summarized. The mission of this implementing agreement by 2004 was to positively support the creation of the future environmentally sustainable by using solar design/technology to a high degree. For it, the following were to be carried out: development of solar technology including the cost reduction through the joint research with enterprises, construction of the international market, supply of the required information, quantification of the effectiveness of solar technology for the environment, tackling with the international standardization for expansion of the use in the building sector, promotion of solar technology utilization in developing countries, etc. In this fiscal year, finished were Task 19: Solar air/heat collecting system and Task 21: Natural lighting in buildings. Activities of Tasks 22-26, which started in the previous fiscal year, were continued. Activities of Tasks 27, 28 and 29 were newly started in this fiscal year. (NEDO)

Wastes power generation introduction manual. Main edition; Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu manual. Honpen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A practical and specific working manual was prepared that satisfies the standards and criteria defined in the relevant law such as the Sanitation and Environment Ordinance No. 249, the guideline for generation of dioxins caused by refuse disposal, and that enables the reports evaluating the wastes quantitatively to be submitted to heads of the local governments when persons in charge of planning the introduction of wastes power generation at local governments discuss the wastes power generation systems. Taking general combustible wastes and sewage sludge treatments as the object, this paper details from the economic performance to size of wastes treatment at the priority limit for the power generation facility introduction. The subject power generation systems include the following: the stoker furnace/separation type ash melting furnace power generation system, the fluidized bed/separation type ash melting furnace power generation system, and the direct type gasification melting furnace power generation system, whose establishment of safety, reliability and stability have been verified by full-size system operation record available at the local governments, the gas turbine re-powering composite type power generation system (gas turbine power plants are installed beside the incineration furnaces) that makes high-efficiency power generation possible, and the RDF power generation system (power generation by mixed combustion with general refuses, and power generation using RDF (refuse derived fuel) exclusive combustion). Other important discussion and assessment items include environment and resource utilization performances. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on photovoltaic power generation system (R and D on particle non-accelerating growth Si thin film crystal); 1976 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Ryushi hikasoku seichogata silicon usumaku kessho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on production of Si thin film crystals and cell composition for photovoltaic power generation. In study on improvement of the crystallinity of polycrystal thin films by zone melting, flat recrystallized film was obtained by passing Si film through a high-frequency furnace at nearly 3mm/min in speed after growth of polycrystal Si film of 120-250{mu}m in thickness on a graphite substrate by gas-phase chemical reaction. In study on cell composition, as technology for forming electrodes on an uneven polycrystal surface with shallow junction, a Ti-Ag double layer method was developed in which junction characteristics are unaffected by heat treatment within 550 degrees C. On the photoelectric conversion efficiency of thin film cells, the efficiency of 5% and area of 10cm as targets in fiscal 1976 were attained by using a graphite substrate or polycrystal Si substrate. The thin film cell formed on an Si substrate could operate a small fan or a desk clock enough by scattered solar radiation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology; 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Efforts are made to develop a GaInP/GaAs-based compound semiconductor solar cell built on an Si substrate, the Si substrate being lower in cost, higher in mechanical strength, lighter in weight, and higher in heat conductivity than a GaAs or Ge substrate. Fiscal 1999 studies involved improvement on GaAs/Si heteroepitaxial growth and the evaluation of crystallinity in thus grown layers, improvement on cell characteristics, fabrication and evaluation of an n{sup +}/p structure cell, and so forth. As for crystal growing technologies, a 980 degree C 5-heat-cycle annealing method was applied, and the density of dislocation was reduced to 5 times 10{sup 6}cm{sup -2}. In the fabrication of cells, an n{sup +}/p structure cell was studied, and the cell achieved 12.5mAcm{sup -2} in short-circuit photoelectric current over 9mAcm{sup -2} of the conventional p{sup +}/n structure GaInP cell. Without any special effort to optimize the structure, a GaInP/GaAs layer-built cell on a GaAs substrate achieved 23.7% in conversion efficiency. When it is taken into consideration that conversion efficiency on an Si substrate is approximately 80% of what is achieved on a GaAs substrate, it is deemed that the achievement of 23.7% suggests that near 20% in conversion efficiency may become available on an Si substrate. (NEDO)

Reports on 1979 result of Sunshine Project. Investigation and research on solar energy utilization system (solar thermal power generation system); 1979 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyonetsu hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

An investigation and research were conducted on the operation method of various solar thermal power generation systems and on the evaluation of the rating and cost performance; in the environmental test method for the equipment, the examination was continued for the test method and evaluation method concerning the absorbing surface and transmitting film; in the heat storing technology, an investigative research was done on the optimum heat storing method and energy conversion method suitable for the operation of the thermal power generation system, as well as performing, as an objective, a computer simulation on the total system with the purpose of clarifying the heat storing capacity. The results in the year were as follows. The operation method for solar thermal power generation was examined, as were the energy analysis, evaluation method of 1 MW pilot plant, the optimum utilization system of solar energy in the long run including its application, and technological economical problems to be solved for the next large solar thermal power generating plant. A discussion was carried out on the endurance test of the selective absorbing surface and transmitting film and on the durability of the reflection mirror. Evaluation and examination were made on the various materials of the 1 MW pilot plant. A review was done on various heat accumulating devices for solar thermal generation, mathematical thermal characteristics of heat accumulating devices, and future energy storing methods and problems. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the verification test on the system interconnection of the photovoltaic power system in Malaysia; 1999 nendo Malaysia ni okeru taiyo denchi hatsuden system no keito renkei jissho shiken seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

JET and SIRIM Behad, which is the standards and industrial research institute in Malaysia, worked this project together, and installed the Photo Voltaic Generation System (hereinafter refferred to as 'PV system') on the roof of the research building for researching basic conditions in the practical use of the PV system by gathering basic data. The power quality of a supply system necessary for a grid connection of the PV system was researched in the evidential experiment. Moreover, the invasion level and the invasion frequency to the PV system of the thunder surge by the peculiar weather condition in this region were researched. In addition, the requisite for the islanding function for the alternative emergency power supply was investigated. The contents of this project were composed of the three items. (1) research of the power quality in low voltage distribution system. Before and after the PV system is connected with the supply system, basic data concerning the power quality of the voltage, the current, and the frequency fluctuation, etc. in the system was collected. (1)measurement and investigation of the power quality under the current low voltage distribution system. By connecting ad monitoring recorder with a lower voltage distribution system, the current power quality i.e. voltage, current, frequency the fluctuation of voltage and frequency at the regular time were measured and investigated. (2) The power quality in the supply system grid connection of the PV system was measured and investigated. The voltage and the frequency in the case of supply system grid connection of the PV system were compared with the current state of preceding clause 1 and the stability of the power quality was evaluated. Moreover the output power of the solar battery was connected with the measurement device and then the surface temperature of the solar battery module, DC voltage, current and quality of solar radiation were measured. The subject in the practical use of

Study of highly efficient power generation system based on chemical-looping combustion; Chemical loop nenshoho ni yoru kokoritsu hatsuden system no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishida, S; Suzuki, T; Yamamoto, M [Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization

1997-02-01

This paper describes the research and development of power generation system by means of chemical-looping combustion. For this system, fuel flows in a reduction reactor and air flows in an oxidation reactor. These two flows are separated. As a result, recovery of CO2 without energy consumption, drastic improvement of power generation efficiency, and suppression of NOx emission are expected. To realize the above, two promising candidates, NiCoO2/YSZ and NiO2/NiAl2O4, have been found as recycle solid particles between the both reactors. These have excellent oxidation/reduction cycle characteristics. By these particles as well as the existing particle, NiO/YSZ, practical application of the chemical-looping combustion is realized. Besides LNG, coal and hydrogen were considered as fuels. When using coal or hydrogen, it was found that temperature of the reduction reactor should be increased the same as that of the oxidation reactor. This is a different point from a case using LNG as a fuel. 5 refs., 2 figs.

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Research and development of solar cell evaluation system (Survey of research and development of solar cell evaluation system); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyo denchi hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu (taiyo denchi hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The fiscal 1999 results of survey and research conducted for the establishment of solar cell performance evaluation and reliability evaluation methods are reported. In the development of a super high fidelity (broad spectrum) solar simulator for cell evaluation, a prototype was tested for performance evaluation, and initially set values were achieved. In the development of a large-area module evaluation technology, the radiation area was increased to be 1.0m times 1.0m large. Outdoor exposure tests continued at 5 sites in Japan, 3 sites in Australia, and 1 site in Oman, and analyses and databasing were carried out for the outputs of various types of solar cell modules. As for the problem of coloring of fillers which are module constituents, coloring in the U.S. was attributed to high temperature and intensive insolation, and in Austria to an oxidation inhibitor. In the development of a photo-accelerated degradation testing method for Si-based solar cells, application of the cycled illumination test was found feasible. In this test method, an amorphous silicon solar cell retains 70% of the initial Pmax value even after the passage of a period equivalent to 30 years. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for fiscal 2000. Development of photovoltaic power system commercialization technology (Research and development of solar cell evaluation system - Survey of research and development of solar cell evaluation system); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Taiyodenchi hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu - Taiyodenchi hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Surveys and studies were conducted for establishing methods for evaluating solar cell performance and reliability. In the effort to develop basic technologies for the comprehensive evaluation of the performance of various types of solar cells and modules, an ultrahigh matching solar simulator and a large area solar simulator were built. The long-term exposure tests of solar cell modules kept on at 5 sites in Japan, 3 sites in Australia, and 1 site in Oman, and the databasing of the test data was planned. In the long-term evaluation of solar cell durability, investigations centered about module deterioration, where abnormal heat generation was observed, cause of increased resistance was inspected, and separation between the cell and the filler was examined. In the development of an accelerated photodegradation test method, it was found that the result of a light-dark cycle test with the ambient temperature varied agreed excellently with the results of outdoor exposure tests. It was consequently proved that the light-dark cycle test was a very promising candidate for an accelerated photodegradation test for a-Si solar cells. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1998. Research of feasibility of international cooperation over technologies of photovoltaic power generation in deserts and long-range transportation of generated power; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Sabaku chiiki wo riyoshita taiyoko hatsuden chokyori yuso gijutsu ni kakawaru kokusai kyoryoku kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Studies were conducted about the construction of systems for the above. A working group on international cooperation feasibility was established inviting several scientists and specialists, and a VLS-PV (very large-scale photovoltaic) system feasibility study plan was drafted which was to construct a framework in which international cooperation would be carried out. At preliminary meetings etc., participated in by members of the Task VI workshop and of several IEA (International Energy Agency) member states, opinions were heard on the Japanese plan, which was also improved there. An agreement was reached between CTI and IEA/PVPS that a preliminary feasibility study be conducted for one year under IEA/PVPS Task VI, and, in compliance with this agreement, a 2nd specialists' meeting was held at Milan, Italy, and then a 3rd at Kyoto, Japan. The fruit was 'A Preliminary Analysis for the VLS-PV Survey' completed through the cooperation of the participating countries. (NEDO)

Introduction guide book for wind power generation; Furyoku hatsuden donyu guide book

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper arranges essential items for introduction of wind power generation to local governments. Natural wind power energy which is free from emission of atmospheric pollutants such as CO2 and probably profitable, is leading regenerative energy among several new energies, and its rapid diffusion is expected. At the end of 1995, a wind power generation facility capacity amounts to 4900MW in the world, 1770MW in USA, 1140MW in Germany, 630MW in Denmark, 550MW in India, and 250MW in the Netherlands. In Japan, its introduction to local governments is in progress with preparation of a purchase system of surplus electric power and a system interconnection guideline. A total facility capacity reached 10MW in 1996, and is scheduled to reach 150MW in fiscal 2010. NEDO`s wind characteristic map of Japan shows many promising areas for power generation. Since these information is not yet well known, the following are summarized: the present state, features of wind condition, power generation systems, application cases, an approach to survey research, construction, maintenance and related laws, and a subsidy system. 31 refs., 48 figs., 40 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 on the development of solar energy technologies for the development of practical application technologies for photovoltaic power systems. Experimental fabrication of solar cell panels and verification thereof (Development of technologies for panel assembly process); 1981 nendo taiyo energy gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu). Taiyo denchi panel jikken seisaku kensho (panel kumitate kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

In a study of cell array connection process, continuous and automatic connection of cells is named as the basic concept in view of low cost and high reliability. In the designing of details of cell strings, CZ (Czochralski) cell dimensions are reviewed for cell packaging efficiency improvement, interconnectors and wiring are examined for a easier packaging process, and solder connection is thought over for utility cost reduction. Conditions are established for string fabrication process details. In the study of the panel packaging process, panel package designing is carried out and a dedicated mechanical device is installed. In the study of the inspection process and plant system, data are collected, necessary for the construction and adjustment of an inspection device. Research is conducted on the layout of plant facilities, on required utilities, and on facilities operating state signals to be transmitted to the central control unit. As for an inspection jig supply system, transfer system, and storage rack, they are designed, built, and installed. The plant house is now complete. (NEDO)

Report of results of contract research. 'Research on magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) generation'; MHD hatsuden system no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

Examination was conducted in detail on an MHD generation system by coal combustion, with the results reported. Concerning a gas table calculation program in coal combustion, it was prepared assuming 100% slag removal ratio in the combustor as the primary approximation. A combustor for MHD generation needs to efficiently burn fuel using high temperature pre-heated air as the oxidant, to fully dissociate/electrolytically dissociate seed, and to supply to the generation channel a high speed combustion gas plasma having a high electrical conductivity which is required for MHD generation. This year, an examination was conducted on technological problems in burning coal in an MHD combustor. As for the NOx elimination system in an MHD generation plant, an examination was made if the method studied so far in MHD generation using heavy oil as the fuel is applicable to coal. Also investigated and reviewed were various characteristics, change in physical properties, recovery method, etc., in a mixed state of seed and slag in the case of coal combustion MHD. (NEDO)

Survey of consolidation for gas turbine re-powering combined WPP (waste power plant) project; Gas turbine repowering haikibutsu fukugo hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This report describes the survey of gas turbine re-powering combined WPP (or super WPP), which was commercialized by Gunma Prefecture for the first time as an electric power wholesaler in Japan. An outline of the survey is introduced. The system optimization for the commercialization of WPP was studied by considering waste as un-utilized energy. A successful condition and preparation method of the commercialization of a public power plant was also studied, which is a combination of the garbage collection business of a local government and an electric power generation business of a municipal company. For the introduction of the aforementioned system, the problems and supporting methods were studied by making allowance for the profitability of the WPP introduction, because they also need to deliberate it from the economical point of view as electric power companies. Based on the results of foregoing items, commercialization plans, problems encountered from the construction phase through the maintenance and service phase, and the supporting method were arranged. 30 figs., 18 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 development of fuel cell power generation technology. Part 3. Supplementary explanation to R and D of molten carbonate fuel cell and power generation system; 1997 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu hosoku setsumeisho. 3. Yoyu tansan'engata nenryo denchi (hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1988-05-01

A supplementary explanation was compiled for the results of a commissioned project reported in fiscal 1997 (development of fuel cell power generation technology, and R and D (3) of molten carbonate fuel cell and power generation system). The supplementary explanation was given on the development of parallel flow stack, design/manufacturing of 250 kW stacks, design and manufacturing of 250 kW stacks in connection with installation/adjustment. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for fiscal 2000. Development of photovoltaic power system commercialization technology (Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology - Survey and research of analysis of commercialization - Separate Volume: Survey of next-generation ultrahigh-efficiency solar cell system); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (Jitsuyoka kaiseki ni kansuru chosa kenkyu - Bessatsu : Jisedai chokokoritsu taiyodenchi system ni kansuru chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the preparation of a proposition concerning future research and development, surveys and studies were conducted centering about efficiency enhancement and cost reduction for the next generation ultrahigh-efficiency solar cell system. For improving the efficiency of the crystalline compound solar cell, studies were made about the prospects of the embodiment of a 3-junction and 4-junction types and of an increase in conversion efficiency expected to realize thanks to their light condensation behavior. It was inferred that anticipation of 29-47% conversion efficiency in 1 to 4-joint cells was theoretically acceptable. Four-joint structure cell fabrication would be a challenging task but would bring about an conversion efficiency of approximately 47% thanks to enhanced light condensation capability. As for cost reduction through the use of light condensation technology, surveys of overseas trends showed that the condensation-enhanced photovoltaic power system was characteristically fit for lower-price production. As for condensation and tracking systems, studies were made about cost calculation models of organizations involved in the United States and Europe, and then it was found that cost reduction in the optical system for condensation and in the tracking mechanism would be mandatory for the achievement of 75 yen/W. (NEDO)

Report on achievement in developing fuel cell power generation technology in fiscal 1998. Research and development of molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system (Summary of the research result); 1998 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Yoyu tansan'engata nenryo denchi hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu (kenkyu seika no yoyaku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

Based on the achievement made in the second term plan of researching and developing a molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system, attempts are made on extending the service life, improving the performance, and reducing the cost. At the same time, lamination, cooling and operation technologies will be established, and a 1000-kW class power generation plant will be developed. Realization of use of coal gasified fuel in the future is aimed. Stack materials and their processing technologies will be developed, the cell durability will be improved, and the total system research will be carried out. This paper describes the achievements made during fiscal 1998. A process and control (PAC) test was performed on the fuel system facilities in the 1000-kW class generation plant, and its result was analyzed. The fuel system facilities had the test program using simulated fuel cells set from the system side digested nearly completely, verifying that actions can be taken for operation using actual fuel cells to be executed in fiscal 1999. Analysis of the test result presented raw material conversion rate of 96.6% or higher, generation of hydrogen plus CO of 740 m{sup 3} N/h, and NOx generation of 10 ppm or less. Stable combustion of a low calorie gas (500 kcal/m{sup 3} N) was achieved, completing all of the research objectives planned for fiscal 1998. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technology to put photovoltaic power generation system into practical use. International cooperation project Collection of information on IEA wind power research and development program; 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden systsem jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo seika hokokusho. IEA furyoku kenkyu kaihatsu program ni kansuru joho shushu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Participation was taken place in the executive committee for the implementation agreement of the IEA wind power research and development and other task workshops to investigate the status of research and development of wind power generation systems in other countries. The contents of the main activities under the implementation agreement of the IEA wind power research and development include researches on innovative technologies, analysis of the state-of-art wind power technologies, exchange of technological information, and expansion of the cooperation with industries, electric power operators, and non-IEA member countries. The agreement is participated currently by 17 countries and 19 contracted organizations from EC. The participants to the IEA R and D wind implementation agreement are taking activities in the tasks called the annexes. The activities of the annexes include exchange of fundamental technological information, annual generalization of the promotion of wind power energy utilization in the countries participated in the IEA implementation agreement, round-robin tests of windmills, and expansion of the wind characteristics database and the database for field rotor aerodynamics. Publications that have been issued include the 'Annual report', and newsletters issued once to twice annually. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technology to put photovoltaic power generation system into practical use. International cooperation project Collection of information on IEA wind power research and development program; 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden systsem jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu kokusai kyoryoku jigyo seika hokokusho. IEA furyoku kenkyu kaihatsu program ni kansuru joho shushu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Participation was taken place in the executive committee for the implementation agreement of the IEA wind power research and development and other task workshops to investigate the status of research and development of wind power generation systems in other countries. The contents of the main activities under the implementation agreement of the IEA wind power research and development include researches on innovative technologies, analysis of the state-of-art wind power technologies, exchange of technological information, and expansion of the cooperation with industries, electric power operators, and non-IEA member countries. The agreement is participated currently by 17 countries and 19 contracted organizations from EC. The participants to the IEA R and D wind implementation agreement are taking activities in the tasks called the annexes. The activities of the annexes include exchange of fundamental technological information, annual generalization of the promotion of wind power energy utilization in the countries participated in the IEA implementation agreement, round-robin tests of windmills, and expansion of the wind characteristics database and the database for field rotor aerodynamics. Publications that have been issued include the 'Annual report', and newsletters issued once to twice annually. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1995 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology (putting of related data into order); 1995 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka (Kanren data no seibi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Research and development has been performed with the objectives to establish an evaluation technology for load leveling effect by using a small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use, to clarify the effectiveness of the system as a discrete power supply source through demonstration operation, and furthermore to achieve optimization of the small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use. This paper describes the actual state survey data related to grid connection systems for the small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use. The survey has been performed mainly on the system for individuals' use inside and outside Japan with regard to the small grid connection systems of 1-10 kW scale. The number of survey has reached 216 cases for 46 prefectures in Japan (1,004.02 kW in total), and 47 cases for 13 other countries (205.60 kW in total), or 263 cases in grand total (1,209.63 kW). These 263 cases were tabulated with items of owners (or the facility names and installation locations) as seen by territories (prefectures or countries), facility operators (or executing organizations), connection modes, and power generation scales. These data will serve for discussions on the load leveling effect and the optimized system forms. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1995 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology (putting of related data into order); 1995 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka (Kanren data no seibi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Research and development has been performed with the objectives to establish an evaluation technology for load leveling effect by using a small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use, to clarify the effectiveness of the system as a discrete power supply source through demonstration operation, and furthermore to achieve optimization of the small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use. This paper describes the actual state survey data related to grid connection systems for the small photovoltaic power generation system for residential use. The survey has been performed mainly on the system for individuals' use inside and outside Japan with regard to the small grid connection systems of 1-10 kW scale. The number of survey has reached 216 cases for 46 prefectures in Japan (1,004.02 kW in total), and 47 cases for 13 other countries (205.60 kW in total), or 263 cases in grand total (1,209.63 kW). These 263 cases were tabulated with items of owners (or the facility names and installation locations) as seen by territories (prefectures or countries), facility operators (or executing organizations), connection modes, and power generation scales. These data will serve for discussions on the load leveling effect and the optimized system forms. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use. Development of technologies to manufacture ultra-high efficiency crystalline compound solar cells; 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Research and development has been performed on laminated cells comprising of GaInP/GaAs//GaInAs using poly-element compound semiconductors. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. In developing the technology to manufacture large-area ultra-high efficiency cells, fabrication of 5-cm square GaAs cells was worked on, and a conversion efficiency of 24.7%, which is equivalent or better than that for 1-cm square cell, was achieved by using the epitaxial growth temperature for the GaAs cell structure of 600 degrees C, by adopting the p-on-p structure and by making the electrode thicker by using the plating method. Furthermore, trial fabrication was performed on 5-cm square cells also on GaInAs as the bottom cell. A conversion efficiency of 4.6% was obtained in a 5-cm square cell as a result of high level homogenization of film thickness and composition by optimizing the gas flow in growing GaInAs onto an InP substrate, and using a growth temperature of 550 degrees C. In developing the technology to form GaInP/GaAs laminated cells, discussions were given by using 5-mm square cells on especially improving the GaInP crystallinity and reducing the series resistance in the window layer. GaInP/GaAs-2 bonded lamination cells were fabricated, whereas a conversion efficiency of 19.63% was obtained without using a reflection preventing film. (NEDO)

Sunshine Program achievement report for fiscal 1981. Research and development of photovoltaic power systems (Research and development of solar cells using II-VI group compound semiconductors); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. II-VI zoku kagobutsu handotai taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

An excellent sintered film is acquired when 0.3% SO{sub 4}{sup 2-} is added to the raw material for the preparation of a CdS film starting material. A CdS film is burned at 600 degrees C, this temperature being lower than the conventional temperature (690 degrees C), and then reburned at the same temperature of 600 degrees C. The resultant device is found low in performance. For the preparation of paste for CdTe film, the material is pulverized into grains of the same size, and this stabilizes device performance. Burning temperatures are also reviewed. Carbon electrodes, Ag-In electrodes, etc., are also reviewed, and 92% of the devices produced under the currently optimum mass production conditions are found to have a conversion efficiency of 4% or higher. The best one is found to exhibit a conversion efficiency of 8.29%. In the study of the method of module constitution, the structure of cross section is improved, the manufacturing process is stabilized, and simplification is carried out. The reliability of the 5 times 10cm{sup 2} substrate device manufactured in this fiscal year is found greatly improved. It is found also that degradation it suffers is attributed to an episode occurring in the interface between CdTe and carbon. A module in which two of the devices manufactured here are connected in series is tested. It exhibits no degradation when exposed to outdoor conditions, but its conversion efficiency is substantially degraded in a moisture test. (NEDO)

Industry brief letter; Oman LNG, Indo no hatsuden mukeni kyokyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-02-01

Oman LNG (OLNG), invested by Mitui Bussan, Mitsubishi Trading and Itochu Trading, concluded a supply contract of liquefied natural gas with a private power supply enterprise of India. Contract period is 20 years, and supplies 1.6 million ton LNG per year from the fourth quarter of 2001. This is the third contract case following to Korea Gas of Korea and Osaka Gas of Japan. OLNG will establish annual production 6.6 million system by the end of 1999. With this contract, almost all LNG production will be ensured to be sold by long term contracts. (translated by NEDO)

Development of hot water utilizing power plants in fiscal 1999. Development of binary cycle power plant (Development of system to detect well bottom information when geothermal hot water is excavated); 1999 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant nado kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (chinetsusei kussakuji kotei joho kenchi system no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Developmental research has been performed on the MWD system to identify on the real time basis the information about well bottom when geothermal hot water is excavated (azimuth, inclination, pressure and temperature). This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. In the developmental research on the detection device, attempts were made in improving the zonde, and enhancing its heat resisting performance. In addition, data were acquired on electronics parts as a result of the heat resistance identifying test. For the on-the-ground devices, improvement was made to add the experiment analyzing program with a program to remove the downhole motor pressure noise. The pressure noise during excavation in the actual wells was collected. In the analyzing system, use of PC, improvement, and operation check were performed on the well trace projecting and indicating system. Operation of the well trace estimating system was checked by using the actual data in order to prepare the operation manual. With regard to the well evaluation supporting system, improvement, operation check and that by using the actual data were executed on the PC version temperature analyzing system. Performance of the zonde was verified by the actual geothermal well test. (NEDO)

Study on a constant-tip-speed-ratio operation of wind power generation system. Effect of load control system on dynamic behavior; Furyoku hatsuden system no hensoku seigyo unten ni kansuru kenkyu. Fuka seigyokei ga system no rikigakuteki kyodo ni oyobosu eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wakui, T.; Yamaguchi, K. [Waseda University, Tokyo (Japan); Tanzawa, Y. [Nippon Institute of Technology, Saitama (Japan); Hashizume, T.; Ota, E. [Waseda University, Tokyo (Japan). School of Science and Engineering

1998-06-01

The effect that the set data of the load control system in a wind power generation system exerts on the dynamic behavior of a system was investigated. The wind power generation system consists of a hybrid wind turbine with combined Darrieus and Savonius rotors, load with a generator and battery in the center, and a controller. A constant-tip-speed ratio operation that holds the circumferential speed ratio in which the power coefficient is maximized irrespective of the change in wind velocity was used to extract and convert the wind energy more effectively. In a high-wind velocity area, the system is operated at a fixed speed, and the increase in rotation is suppressed to protect the wing strength. In a large system, the response characteristics are only slightly improved by the limited load operation range and influenced rotor inertial. Power cannot be fully extracted even if the control system is changed in setting, and the applicability to the wind situation remains low. During the actual operation, the adjustment value of the control system should be set so that the output operation is satisfactorily possible in the specified load operation range, that is, the change in the instantaneous value of an effective power coefficient indicates almost flat gain characteristics in frequency characteristics. 14 refs., 10 figs., 2 tabs.

Effect of heat-insulating wall on input energy of a photovoltaic/solar/air-heat system for a residence; Jutaku no kodannetsuka ni yoru taiyoko netsu/taiki netsu system no donyu energy sakugen koka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kenmoku, Y; Sakakibara, T [Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi (Japan); Nakagawa, S [Maizuru College of Technology, Kyoto (Japan)

1996-10-27

A proposal was made to introduce a photovoltaic/solar/air-heat system which positively utilizes natural energy in order to curtail consumption of fossil energy, corroborating that the system has greatly reduced energy input in the primary energy level in a house. This paper examines the effect of curtailment of energy input in the case of reducing the load of air conditioning through the high heat insulation of a house. The energy input was evaluated by calculating additional equipment energy needed newly for the high heat insulation. The system performance and the energy load varied greatly depending on weather conditions. The subject system consisted of solar cells, inverter, heat concentrator, heat storage tank, heat pump and gas hot-water supply device. The thickening of the insulation sharply reduced heating load in the house, thereby decreasing fuel energy substantially. An insulation material of 100mm thick was capable of reducing energy input by 16-23% compared with that of 50mm thick. 5 refs., 5 figs, 3 tabs.

Achievement reports on joint research of solar energy power generation field test project in fiscal 1997. Part 1 of 3; 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho 1/3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-08-01

This report is a collection of 101 achievement reports on joint research of solar energy power generation field test project. The contents of the achievement reports are the results and generalization of the joint research with respect to the solar energy power generation field test project. As regards the locations of executing the joint research, the locations by areas and applications are stated. By areas, the joint research was carried out on gymnasiums, parks, recreation centers in the standard areas, universities, sports facilities, public halls, agricultural associations, aged persons' homes, primary, middle and high schools, prefectural office buildings and industrial technology centers in cold districts; prefectural office buildings, agricultural associations, universities, museums, industrial technology centers in good insolation districts; museums, primary, middle and high schools, parks in strong wind and salt polluted districts; and universities and police stations in snowy districts. By applications, the joint research was performed on life cooperative halls, factories, nursery schools, hospitals, clinics, local newspaper companies, indoor warm-water swimming pools, and mushroom fields. (NEDO)

Achievement reports on joint research of solar energy power generation field test project in fiscal 1997. Part 1 of 3; 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho 1/3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-08-01

This report is a collection of 101 achievement reports on joint research of solar energy power generation field test project. The contents of the achievement reports are the results and generalization of the joint research with respect to the solar energy power generation field test project. As regards the locations of executing the joint research, the locations by areas and applications are stated. By areas, the joint research was carried out on gymnasiums, parks, recreation centers in the standard areas, universities, sports facilities, public halls, agricultural associations, aged persons' homes, primary, middle and high schools, prefectural office buildings and industrial technology centers in cold districts; prefectural office buildings, agricultural associations, universities, museums, industrial technology centers in good insolation districts; museums, primary, middle and high schools, parks in strong wind and salt polluted districts; and universities and police stations in snowy districts. By applications, the joint research was performed on life cooperative halls, factories, nursery schools, hospitals, clinics, local newspaper companies, indoor warm-water swimming pools, and mushroom fields. (NEDO)

Report on achievement in developing fuel cell power generation technology in fiscal 1998. Research and development of molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system (Test of the research result report); 1998 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Yoyu tansan'engata nenryo denchi hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu (kenkyu seika no honbun)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

This paper summarizes the text of the research result report in the separate volume II-1 from among the fiscal 1998 report on the achievement made on researching and developing a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) power generation system. For the AC-DC type system whose high performance and large capacity stacks are being developed, detail designs were made on 250-kW class stack module assembly and installation procedure. At the same time, processing and forming were continued on such main components as electrodes, electrolyte plates and separators. The cells were assembled as modules, sintered, installed and adjusted. Aids were given by the process and control (PAC) test on devices and piping of the fuel cell system block. Cell life extension is also under study. For the parallel flow type stack, two 250-kW stacks were fabricated, and an overall adjustment test was begun thereon in March. For the reformer, an internal reforming system was developed for the 200-kW class system, whose adjustment test is scheduled for April 1999. Capacity increase is also under discussion. For practical use of MCFC, stack life of 40,000 hours is said required. The current status is at the level of exceeding 10,000 hours, but the necessity is seen in suppressing voltage drop associated with lapse of time. (NEDO)

Space photovoltaic power generation. Uchu taiyo hatsuden ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kudo, I [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1993-07-20

Introduction is made of space photovoltaic power generation which is the ultimate clean energy source. This is a system to obtain electric energy from the solar cells placed on a geostatic orbit and transmit the power onto the earth by microwave. The US formulates a plan of placing 60[times]5GW power generation satellites to obtain 300GW power on the earth in 2000. As for the scale of space structure, the array of solar cells is dimensionally 10km[times]5km and the power transmitting antenna is 1km in diameter. The electric energy is amplified to microwave and power-transmitted by wireless onto the earth. The ground rectenna which receives it is dimensionally 10km[times]13km. The biggest difficulty consists in transportation of construction materials onto the orbit. In Japan, activity comprises three matters, which are research committee organized three years ago by the Agency of Industrial Science and technology, 10MW class model conceptually designed by the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, and experiment conducted by Kyoto University on the power transmission by wireless. Pertaining to the research on the space power generation, the following two points are judged still unclarified: Reason for which the electric power companies did not apply the power transmission by wireless regarded as high in transmission efficiency. Influence of the microwave on the ionosphere and biosystem. 7 refs., 4 figs.

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on solar heat power generation system (R and D on curved reflector light collection system); 1974 nendo taiyonetsu hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. kyokumen shuko hoshiki system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-05-30

This report composed of 6 parts summarizes the fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project research result on the solar heat power generation system with a curved reflector light collection system. Part 1 outlines the research target, research result and research system. Part 2 describes each research item in detail. This part on system and hardware researches is composed of (1) study on 1,000kW system, (2) development of plane/parabolic reflector light collection equipment, (3) development of parabolic reflector light collection equipment, (4) development of selective transparent membrane and selective absorption surface, and (5) study on heat storage equipment and heat exchange equipment. Part 3 describes the future R and D plan for every year focusing the fiscal 1975 R and D plan. Part 4 describes various cooperative activities with other research groups such as various committees related to the Sunshine Project, universities and Electrotechnical Laboratory. Part 5 describes several patents produced during this R and D. Part 6 summarizes the results on this R and D. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 on New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization-entrusted projects. Solar energy technology research and development; solar panel experiment, manufacture, and verification (Photovoltaic power system practical application technology; ribbon-type crystal substrate process technology); 1981 nendo taiyo energy gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu). Taiyo denchi panel jikken seisaku kensho (ribon kessho kiban kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

Carried over from the preceding fiscal year are the development of ribbon crystal pulling technology and the studies of ribbon crystal substrate quality and plant operation. In the development of ribbon crystal pulling process, a pulling drive is built and the limiter mechanism is strengthened for improvement on ribbon crystal flatness, technologies are established for high-speed pulling of broad ribbon crystals, pulling system prototype is built, after-annealing technique is improved for eliminating distortion, and technologies are developed for continuous feeding of raw materials. In the quality examination of ribbon crystal substrates, a method is tested and studied for bringing about a decrease in the number of SiC grains. The object of the plant operation study is a plant capable of producing 250kW-equivalent ribbon crystals a year, and the efforts involve the ribbon pulling system, rough cutter, real-size cutter, etching unit, shape checker, packing, devices for production lines such as warehouses for products, electric power, gas, water, peripheral equipment for waste water treatment etc., ribbon specifications check, quality related assistance equipment to deal with unacceptable products etc., pollution-preventing facilities for the preservation of production environments, and plant buildings. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on New Sunshine Project aiding program. Development of hot water utilizing power generation plant (Technological development of hot rock power generation system - development of elementary technologies); 2000 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant to kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Koon gantai hatsuden system no gijutsu kaihatsu (yoso gijutsu no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In order to identify the possibility of a hot rock power generation system, technological R and D has been performed on structuring of a man-made hydrothermal system, fracture mapping, downhole measurement and a circulating extraction system. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. With regard to the long-term circulating extraction test, a circulating heat extraction and test device was installed at the hot rock experimental field in the Hijiori area in Yamagata Prefecture, where geochemical data collection and tests including analyses thereon have begun. In reservoir bed analysis, a well module was incorporated into a reservoir bed simulator to improve the module so that comparison with the data of actual production on the ground can be performed. For the fracture mapping, AE having been observed during the long-term circulation test was analyzed, whereas it was estimated that the seismic source would not move or expanded during this period. A PTS logging has been performed during the long-term circulation test to investigate characteristics of the flow-out zone of the injection well and the production zone of the production well. In making the fracture model, an initial model was fabricated to estimate heat extraction behavior in the long-term circulation test. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on solar heat power generation system (R and D on tower solar collection system); 1974 nendo taiyonetsu hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tower shuko hoshiki system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-05-29

This report summarizes the fiscal 1974 research result on the solar heat power generation system with a tower light collection system. This system receives solar radiation energy by reflector group, and concentrates solar energy reflected by each reflector on the heat absorber mounted on the top of the tower. A ratio of the whole reflector group area to the receiving area of the heat absorber is called a concentration factor. The heat absorber converts concentrated dense radiation energy to thermal energy, and transfers heated thermal medium to the bottom of the tower to supply solar heat to a thermal plant after appropriate treatment. Based on the above basic idea, study was made on the total system and each subsystem, and some problems on component equipment and materials were extracted. After solving these problems and improving the whole system accuracy, these results are put to practical use for design and operation of an actual pilot plant. The main research items are as follows: feasibility study, simulation, element study, preparation of a 10kWT test equipment, and planning of a 1,000kW class pilot plant. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on solar heat power generation system (R and D on curved reflector light collection system); 1976 nendo taiyonetsu hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kyokumen shuko hoshiki system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

As a part of Sunshine Project, study was made on the solar heat power generation system using a solar collection system composed of plane and curved reflectors. In fiscal 1976, study was made on plant characteristics and plant operation by using system simulation program, and the concept design of the system was promoted. The reflectance of the plane reflector was improved up to 0.92 by remodeling the prototype collector fabricated in last fiscal year, and the prototype test facility of full-scale reflectors for 1,000kW solar power plant was prepared to obtain design data for large reflectors. The prototype heat collection loop control equipment which was prepared to simulate control of plant operation conditions according to solar radiation fluctuation, succeeded in prediction of solar radiation fluctuation within nearly 30min. New study was also made on a system using both accumulator and molten salt heat storage equipment, and each proper capacity for power plants was determined. In addition, high-temperature vapor generation for 2 hours was achieved by the prototype heat storage equipment using KCl-LiCl molten salt. (NEDO)

FY 1977 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Research and development of photovoltaic power generation systems. (Research and development of solar cells of II-VI group compound semiconductor); 1977 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. II-VI zoku kagobutsu handotai taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-31

This project is aimed at establishment of techniques for pollution-free production of II-VI group compound semiconductor type solar cells. The research items are (1) measures against aging, (2) methods for production of II-VI group compound semiconductors and for forming their joints, and (3) method for assembling solar cell devices.For the item (1), the aging tests are conducted for sintered film type CdS/CdTe solar cells. The C electrode is found to be less aged than the others. The aging tests for the CdS/Cu{sub 2}S cells indicate that it takes 10 years or longer for the performance to be halved under commercial conditions. For the item (2), the sintered film type CdS/CdTe solar cells can be produced by a mass-producible process of screen printing and belt furnace. This production method is promising for producing the solar cells at low cost. For the item (3), it is found that series resistance of the solar cell devices increases as the assembly area increases, resulting in decreased conversion efficiency. The divided structure of the CdTe layer is desired to avoid the above problem. Dividing each unit device increases intrinsic conversion efficiency, but decreases effective power generation area ratio. It is therefore necessary to improve printing precision. (NEDO)

Analysis and evaluation for practical application of photovoltaic power generation system. Analysis and evaluation for extra-high efficiency solar cells (research on new concentrator modules); Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka. Chokokoritsu taiyo denchi no gijutsu kaihatsu no tame no kaiseki hyoka (shingata shuko module)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tanimoto, J; Sakuta, K; Sawada, S; Yaoita, A [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for analysis and evaluation of concentrator modules for extra-high efficiency solar cells. The outdoor exposure tests have been under way for 3 years for fluorescent plates, as part of the research program for development of materials and elementary techniques, and essentially no degradation has been observed by the perylene pigment test. Coupling of the fluorescent concentrator and solar cell units is investigated for the coupling position and method, to theoretically analyze geometrical coupling efficiency, where they are coupled at the bottom faces in consideration of easiness of module fabrication. It is demonstrated that a high coupling efficiency can be realized when the cell is sufficiently wide relative to thickness of the fluorescent plate. The coupling method is experimentally examined using transparent silicon gel. A prototype module having the same size as the commercial module (420mm by 960mm) is made on a trial basis, where a total of nine 20mm-thick cells are cut out of a single-crystalline silicon solar cell, 100mm by 100mm in size, and are connected to concentrators at the bottom faces. It shows 2.3 times increased output by the test using a large-area solar simulator. 2 figs.

Wastes power generation introduction manual. Material edition; Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu manual. Shiryohen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

This paper collects and puts into order the materials used in preparing the manual. The materials were classified into the power generation system database related to discussion of the economic performance, case studies, technical materials, other referential materials and glossary. The database shows power generation efficiency, auxiliary power ratio, construction cost, utility cost and number of operators. The case studies present examples of economy calculations on the five recommended power generation systems at a wastes treatment capacity of 180 tons a day. Technical materials put into order the technological discussions on efficiency improvement, environmental measures (suppression of discharge of dioxins, measures for their removal, and the effects thereof), refuse derived fuel (RDF) and power plant operating techniques. The other referential materials collect laws, notifications, and guidelines related to the Welfare Ministry, laws, notifications, criteria and related to the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, and materials related to LCA, forms of power generation business entities, general wastes disposal business, and electric business bonds. The glossary explains terms required for operation and understanding of the manual. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the joint study - project on the public facility use photovoltaic power generation field test; 1999 nendo kokyo shisetsunadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

In the field test, solar cell panels were installed on rooftop, and inverters were installed indoors. The electric power generated was connected at high pressure with electric installation of facilities and was also supplied to power equipment, lighting, air conditioning, etc. in facilities. The FY 1999 results were summarized. The installation of photovoltaic power generation facilities at 137 places and the results of the study were summarized in this report including a new university co-op building, Tokyo Metropolitan Advanced Technology Education Center, Suwano Center House of Fukushima prefecture, Environment Center of Saga prefecture, Educational Foundation Utsukushino Kindergarten, Hikarigaoka Park of Yamagata prefecture, Koiwai factory of Koiwai Dairy Products Co., Social Welfare Corporation Kameyama Ayumi Nursery School, etc. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for fiscal 2000. Development of photovoltaic power system commercialization technology (Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology - Surveys and studies of peripheral key technologies/Surveys of ultrahigh-efficiency solar cell application fields); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, Shuhen yoso gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu (Chokokoritsu taiyo denchi tou oyo bunya kaitaku chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Surveys and studies were conducted in order to make propositions concerning the fields of application wherein the merits of ultrahigh-efficiency solar cells would be fully utilized. A questionnaire was held about solar cell application fields, and studies were made about new systems based on the need in the market for specific solar cell goods and capable of supporting their mass diffusion. Proposed as the result was the establishment of a rental (lease) system for photovoltaic power systems, a local photovoltaics advisory system, a market for used photovoltaic power systems, and so forth. In the feasibility study of photovoltaic power generation on unused land in agricultural villages, surveys were conducted concerning energy problems, the energy structure, the actual state of energy consumption, the abandoned farm and its utilization, and so forth. Propositions involving photovoltaic power feasibility were then made, which covered power consumption for greenhouse culture, energy supply for producing methanol out of biomass, power sources for insect incapacitating yellow fluorescent lamps, power sources for livestock barn air-conditioning, power sources for animal excretion treatment, and so forth. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. R and D on solar heat power generation system (R and D on tower solar collection system); 1976 nendo taiyonetsu hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tower shuko hoshiki system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-05-27

This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on tower solar collection system for solar heat power generation systems, and summarizes main specifications of the subsystem, equipment and control of the 1,000kW pilot plant. Based on daily and monthly long-time simulation, various programs were prepared for power generation, heat storage and operation rate of equipment, and real arrangements for total simulation were made. The output fluctuation rate less than 1%/min was obtained by studying a control system flexible for drastic fluctuation of solar radiation using the newly prepared dynamic characteristic equation for a steam loop. 10kW solar collection test was carried out using a pancake type heat absorber. Practical basic analysis was made on a heliostat driving system. A cavity type heat absorber was adopted in consideration of cost, operability and heat discharge. Based on thermal characteristics of a heat storage type heat exchanger using molten salt as heat medium, basic experiment was made on a compact latent heat type heat exchanger. Basic studies were also made on reflector, selective absorption surface and heat storage material. (NEDO)

Effect of operating methods of wind turbine-generator system on net power extraction under wind speed fluctuations in fields; Hendo fukyoka deno doryoku chushutsu kara mita furyoku hatsuden system no unten seigyoho ni kansuru kosatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wakui, T. [Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo (Japan); Hashizume, T.; Ota, E. [Waseda University, Tokyo (Japan). School of Science and Engineering

2000-01-25

The effect of operating methods of wind turbine-generator system on net power extraction under wind speed fluctuations is discussed in relation to the dynamic behavior of the system. The system is composed of a Darrieus-Savonius hybrid wind turbine and a load generator. In this paper, two types of operating method are examined; constant tip speed ratio operation for stand-alone power systems (Scheme 1) and synchronous operation for utility power systems (Scheme 2). The computed results of the net extracting power using our dynamic simulation model show that the dominant factor of power extraction in Scheme 1 is the dynamic characteristics of rotational components and that it is important to select the appropriate rated wind speed in Scheme 2. Thus, it is concluded that a conformable operating method and rated power output of the system exist for each wind condition. In particular, small-scale systems, which are smaller than approximately 10 kW-system range, are desirable to be operated under a constant tip speed ratio as stand-alone power systems. (author)

Report on studies on closed cycle MHD power generation; Closed cycle MHD hatsuden kento hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-04-01

Summarized herein are results of the studies on closed cycle MHD (CCMHD) power generation by the study committee. The studied system is based on the MHD gas turbine combined Brayton cycle of about 500,000 kW in output power, firing natural gas as the fuel, and the conceptual design works therefor are completed. The major findings are: the overall plant efficiency: 54.2% at the power transmission side, plot area required per unit power output: 0.04 m{sup 2}/KW, unit construction cost: 251,000 yen/KW, and unit power generation cost: 10.2 yen/KWh. This system will be more operable than the gas turbine combined cycle with steam system, because start-up time, output change rate, optimum load and so on are constrained not on the power generator side but on the gas turbine side. The expected environmental effects include the exhaust gas NOX concentration being equivalent with that associated with the conventional power generator of 2-stage combustion system, quantity of combustion gases to be treated being approximately 40% of that associated with the gas turbine combined cycle, and reduced CO2 gas emissions, resulting from enhanced power generation efficiency. It is expected that the CCMHD system can exhibit higher efficiency than the high-temperature gas turbine combined cycle system. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of technology for commercialization of the photovoltaic power system - R and D of evaluation technology of the photovoltaic power system. R and D of the solar cell evaluation system; 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Taiyodenchi hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu - Taiyodenchi hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Study was made of the development of the basic technology for the integrated evaluation of solar cell performance, grasp of degradation phenomena of solar cell modules by outdoor exposure test, development of the accelerated degradation test method, etc., and the FY 2000 results were summed up. As to the development of the ultra-high approximation solar simulator for cell evaluation, a simulator was fabricated of which the irradiation non-uniformity is {+-} 1.0% and the spectral agreement is within {+-} 10% in 10 wavebands out of the 16 wavebands. Relating to the development of evaluation technology of large area modules, performance of the spectral irradiance distribution, etc. was improved by modification of the solar simulator, which made accurate measurement possible. In the study of degradation of solar cell modules, exposure tests on various kinds of solar cell modules were continued at 5 sites in Japan, 3 sites in Australia and 1 site in Oman for data collection/analysis. Further, analysis was made of Isc changes in the early stage of exposure, phenomenon of cell's cloudy discoloration, degradation caused by increase in series resistance, etc. As the test method of light accelerated degradation of A-Si solar cell, a brightness cycle test method was developed. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of technology for commercialization of the photovoltaic power system - R and D of evaluation technology of the photovoltaic power system. R and D of the solar cell evaluation system; 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Taiyodenchi hyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu - Taiyodenchi hyoka system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Study was made of the development of the basic technology for the integrated evaluation of solar cell performance, grasp of degradation phenomena of solar cell modules by outdoor exposure test, development of the accelerated degradation test method, etc., and the FY 2000 results were summed up. As to the development of the ultra-high approximation solar simulator for cell evaluation, a simulator was fabricated of which the irradiation non-uniformity is {+-} 1.0% and the spectral agreement is within {+-} 10% in 10 wavebands out of the 16 wavebands. Relating to the development of evaluation technology of large area modules, performance of the spectral irradiance distribution, etc. was improved by modification of the solar simulator, which made accurate measurement possible. In the study of degradation of solar cell modules, exposure tests on various kinds of solar cell modules were continued at 5 sites in Japan, 3 sites in Australia and 1 site in Oman for data collection/analysis. Further, analysis was made of Isc changes in the early stage of exposure, phenomenon of cell's cloudy discoloration, degradation caused by increase in series resistance, etc. As the test method of light accelerated degradation of A-Si solar cell, a brightness cycle test method was developed. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the survey of the stabilization of wind power generation power system, etc.; 2000 nendo furyoku hatsuden denryoku keito anteika nado chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of elucidating effects of output fluctuations at the time of quantity introduction of wind power generation, conducted were observation of wind characteristics in Hokkaido and analysis of the characteristics, estimation of fluctuations in wind power output, analysis of fluctuations in system frequency, etc. In the observation of wind characteristics, wind velocity/wind direction were measured at observation posts of 30 wind turbines installed at 16 sites in Hokkaido. Concerning the conversion into wind power output, 10 cases were selected such as the case of passage of low atmospheric pressure, etc., and the generator unit and wind firm were simulated in detail. In the estimation of wind power output, good agreement with the results estimated was confirmed at points very near to posts of observation of wind characteristics. As to the evaluation of effects of wind power generation to the system, power system frequencies were simulated using the models constructed and using capacity and kinds of frequency adjusted power source as parameter. As a result, it was indicated that there was a possibility of frequency's sharply fluctuating in case the surplus energy in frequency adjustment is reduced by fluctuations in demand and further in case wind power output is fluctuated. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on New Sunshine Project aiding program. Development of hot water utilizing power generation plant (Development of binary cycle power plant - development of system to detect well bottom information during geothermal well drilling); 2000 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant to kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (Chinetsusei kussakuji koutei joho kenchi system no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

R and D has been performed on a system to detect well bottom information during geothermal well drilling (MWD) to identify items of well bottom information during drilling on a real time basis. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. This device measures and transmits to the ground surface the following items during geothermal well drilling at good accuracy under the mud water temperature of 200 degrees C: azimuth, inclination, tool face, bit load, bit torque, temperatures in the device, downhole temperature, and downhole pressure. The current fiscal year has performed improvement of the sonde, including decrease of the sonde length, electric power conservation, enhancement of anti-noise performance, and enhancement of operability. For the sonde performance evaluation, high-temperature test, long distance loop test, and vibration test were carried out. In addition, the experiment analyzing program (for noise processing) was improved. With regard to the well trajectory control aiding system and the well evaluation aiding system, an operation manual was prepared, entitled the 'MWD analyzing system'. Unification was attempted on the hardware of the ground surface detection device system and the analyzing system. (NEDO)

FY 1996 Report on the results of development of photovoltaic power generation system commercialization technologies. Development of device for producing compound semiconductors for photovoltaic cells (Development of flying tester); 1996 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyo denchiyo kagobutsu handotai seizo sochi kaihatsu - hikoyo shikenki no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The compound semiconductor production process is tested under a microgravity by the space experiment/observation free flier (SFU), to reduce the photovoltaic power generation cost. Described herein are the FY 1996 results. The device is confirmed to work as planned by the full-scale test conducted in FY 1995, when it stood on the orbit and was recovered by the space shuttle STS-72 January, 1996. The recovered SFU-carried devices, including the electrical furnace and related subsystems, were found to normally function, and it was concluded that they could be evaluated and analyzed after the flight. The comprehensive evaluation and analysis of their electrical, mechanical, thermal functions have confirmed that they functioned and showed performance as planned, demonstrating validity of the designs and production procedures. The test samples were taken out of the recovered combined furnace, focus furnace and single-heat furnace for the space environment utilization tests. The other samples had much more uniform compositional distributions than those produced on the ground. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research cooperation project. Research cooperation on community-oriented practical photovoltaic power systems (Practical methane gas fermentation fuel cell power systems); 1999 nendo metan hakko gas nenryo denchi hatsuden system no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This report describes the research cooperation with developing countries on practical methane gas fermentation fuel cell power systems in 1999-2002. This research aims to construct the methane gas fermentation fuel cell power facility using livestock excreta which can supply power to the facility and peripheral areas. The facility controls various substance concentrations in waste water within environmental standards, and uses waste as compost. This project is very promising in use of environment-friendly energy, effective use of unused energy and power supply to unelectrified areas for China under serious conditions such as rapid increase in energy demand and various environment problems. There are such various issues to achieve this target as securing livestock (pig breeders) and excreta, and fermentation and recovery of suitable methane gas necessary for fuel cell power systems from excreta. This report is composed of 2 parts, (1) Current use of energy resources and use of unused energy in Guangdong province, and (2) Technical requirements for practical methane gas fermentation fuel cell power systems. (NEDO)

Output characteristics of floating type wave power generator system using a ball screw; Fuyugata nejishiki haryoku hatsuden sochi no shutsuryoku tokusei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abe, T; Omata, K [Meiji University, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

A floating type wave power generator system using a ball screw is proposed. Output characteristics are simulated on the supposition of its employment aboard a navigational aid buoy. The relative linear movement produced by waves between the main body and float is transmitted via a load column to a ball nut and is converted into a rotary movement of a threaded shaft engaging the ball nut. Attached to the bottom end of the threaded shaft is a one-way clutch which connects to the generator axle when the relative velocity between the float and main body is positive. The simulation was conducted for a wave activated power generation buoy, 2.6m in outer diameter, 4.5m in length, and 6000kg in total mass. The buoy generated a mechanical output of 340kW when exposed to a sinusoidal wave 2.5 seconds in period and 40cm in wave height. A tank test was performed using a reduced scale model consisting of a ball screw, bicycle dynamo, and float, with the main body being 318mm in diameter and 833mm in length, when an average output of 4.51W was obtained at 60% efficiency. The results of the experiment agreed in some degree with the results of calculation, verifying the righteousness of the theoretical formula. 3 refs., 7 figs., 4 tabs.

Survey of a technology to introduce the waste-fueled power generation. Basic manual for introduction of the waste-fueled power generation; Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu gijutsu chosa. Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu kihon manual

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Local government offices, etc., which are expected to shoulder responsibility for introducing the waste-fueled power generation, want to need exact information on technical information concerning the waste-fueled power generation and the method to materialize the introduction plan, etc. Therefore, Electric Power Development Co. surveyed and studied it under the contract with NEDO. The results were collected together as a basic manual for introduction of the waste-fueled power generation. As an outline of the waste-fueled power generation, the manual explains the significance, the present situation and potentials, the waste-fueled power system, an outline of working out the waste-fueled power generation plan, an outline of construction and operation/maintenance of the waste-fueled power generation, an outline of various systems relating to the waste-fueled power generation, etc. As the items for the study of making a concrete plan for power generation equipment, the manual explains the amount of refuse to be incinerated, the present status of generation capacity as viewed from the quality of refuse, the quality of refuse and the design of power generation equipment, boiler efficiency, power generation efficiency, construction cost and operation cost, etc. In addition, the paper describes a case study of the waste-fueled power generation plan. 118 figs., 39 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the joint research - Field test project on the photovoltaic power generation for public facility use; 2000 nendo kyodokenkyu gyomu seika hokokusho. Kokyo shisetsu you taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-05-01

The paper arranged the FY 2000 results of the field test on the photovoltaic power generation for public facility use, etc. This report described in detail the results obtained at 237 places including the following: Social Welfare Corp. Seimei-kai, Kobe City (Hyogo Prefecture), Iitaka Town of Iinan County (Mie Prefecture), Kyushu Electric Safety Association, Educational Corp. Kongo Gakuen, Social Welfare Corp. Izumi-kai, Educational Corp. Shiobara Ikuei-kai, Educational Corp. Aiko Gakuen, Social Welfare Corp. Tachibana-kai, Cooperative Association Co-op Kobe, Social Welfare Corp. Hoshizuki-no-sato, Tochigi-Fuji Industrial Co., Hirabayashi Section of Gamo Town of Gamo County (Shiga Prefecture), Yanagawa City (Fukuoka Prefecture), Imadate City of Imadate County (Fukui Prefecture), Osaka Prefecture, Yamanashi Prefecture, Utazu Town of Ayauta County (Kagawa Prefecture), Educational Corp. Fukuyama Gakuen, New Energy Business Cooperative Association, Meitec Corp., Shikoku Medicom Co., Shizen Kobo Co., Educational Corp. Horikoshi Gakuen, Matama Town of Nishi-Kunisaki County (Oita Prefecture), Nio Town of Mitoyo County (Kagawa Prefecture), Educational Corp. Koshien Gakuin, Sansei Giken Co., Mitsui Greenland Co., AWI Mach Co., Nagoya City and Educational Corp. Kibogaoka Gakuen. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the joint study - project on the industry use photovoltaic power generation field test. 2/3; 1999 nendo sangyonadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho. 2/3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

In the field test, solar cell panels were installed on rooftop, and inverters were installed indoors. The electric power generated was connected at high pressure with electric installation of facilities and was also supplied to power equipment, lighting, air conditioning, etc. in facilities. The FY 1999 results were summarized. The installation of photovoltaic power generation facilities at 38 places and the results of the study were summarized in this report including a new public office building of Nio town, Kagawa prefecture, General Welfare Center of Matsumae town, Ehime prefecture, General Culture Center of Nakajima town, Ehime prefecture, Educational Foundation Sugao School, Training Center of Japan Railway Co., etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the joint study - project on the industry use photovoltaic power generation field test. 1/3; 1999 nendo sangyonadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho. 1/3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

In the field test, solar cell panels were installed on rooftop, and inverters were installed indoors. The electric power generated was connected at high pressure with electric installation of facilities and was also supplied to power equipment, lighting, air conditioning, etc. in facilities. The FY 1999 results were summarized. The installation of photovoltaic power generation facilities at 88 places and the results of the study were summarized in this report including Social Welfare Corporation Seishoen, Maruto Co., Saga Sanyo Industries Co., Koyama Cranial Nerve Surgery/Internal Medicine Hospital, Tsuchiura Urban Development Co., Osaka Alloy Works, Suntory Limited, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the joint study - project on the industry use photovoltaic power generation field test. 3/3; 1999 nendo sangyonadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho. 3/3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

In the field test, solar cell panels were installed on rooftop, and inverters were installed indoors. The electric power generated was connected at high pressure with electric installation of facilities and was also supplied to power equipment, lighting, air conditioning, etc. in facilities. The FY 1999 results were summarized. The installation of photovoltaic power generation facilities at 39 places and the results of the study were summarized in this report including a community hall of Iwade town, Wakayama prefecture, Sugihara Industrial Co., a public library of Mabi town, Okayama prefecture, Social Welfare Corporation Shofukai Aiwaen, Japan Kodo Paper Industries Co., etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology (Survey of peripheral element technologies - Survey of environmental adaptation of next-generation solar cell development); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (shuhen yoso gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu - jisedai taiyo denchi kaihatsu kankyo tekioka chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Surveys are conducted of photovoltaic power system development projects and their utilization in Japan and overseas, and a discussion is made on the progress, technical challenges, effects, and implementation systems relating to the solar cell application technology development project under the New Sunshine Program. Compiled in the report are the results of surveys of the research and development of photovoltaic power systems and their diffusion in the U.S. and European nations, and the research and development strategies for and the trends of the development of various types of solar cells in these countries. The trends of research and development of non-conventional type solar cells are also collected, which include 3 cases of TPV (thermophotovoltaic) devices, 5 cases of new inorganic materials, 1 case of new organic materials, and 4 cases of dye-sensitized solar cells. In relation to the status of resources of crystalline compound-based solar cell materials, raw materials for solar cells other than silicon are taken up, and their reserves, manufacturing methods, quantities yielded and consumed, costs, etc., are surveyed. These are all taken into consideration in discussing the basic approach to the study of future research and development as it ought to be. (NEDO)

Molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system. Yoyu tansan prime en gata nenryo denchi hatsuden sochi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uematsu, K; Hatori, S [Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1991-11-01

In an indirect internal reforming type molten carbonate fuel cell, the reforming temperature is limited less than the operating temperature of the fuel cell, as the heat source for reforming is depended on the reaction heat at about 650 {degree} C of the fuel cell. To improve the reforming rate at the low temperature range, it is considered to increase S/C (ratio of steam to carbon), but this scheme will cause such problems as to increase the voltage drop of the anode, to drop the heat recovery ratio on the cogenerator, to increase the capacity of the heat exchanger, etc. In this invention, in the power generating plant of a molten carbonate fuel cell the inert gas is added to the reforming raw gas, and in addition to the above the gas is mixed with steam and led into the reforming chamber of the plant. When the inert gas which is not directly concerned in the reforming reaction is added to, total mol number increases and the reforming reaction is acceralated. Consequently, the reforming rate can be raised, though the reforming temperature is low. 2 figs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on development of power generation using fuel cells. Research and development of molten carbonate fuel cell (II-2, text of the achievement); 1998 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Yoyu tansan'engata nenryo denchi hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu (II-2, kenkyu seika no honbun)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

The effort aims at developing a 1000kW-class power plant and also at using gasified coal as fuel in the future. The fuel system facilities include a high-temperature blower. The exhaust heat recovery facilities comprise a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and a turbine compressor. As for the electrical system facilities, an inverter is installed, tested, and adjusted. Control system facilities are also tested and adjusted. In relation with the operation of the plant, coordination is conducted about technological and process-related matters with the Kawagoe thermal power station of Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., where the fuel cell power plant is to be constructed, which is for the smooth execution of a test run. Ceramic-based cathode materials are being developed, which is for the fabrication of stacks improved in performance, higher in current density, longer in life, and lower in cost. Also exerted are efforts at developing multiple-function electrolyte plates and metallic materials (for example for separator plating). The extent of the acceptability of impurities concentration and gas refining systems are also under study, which is to prepare for future coal gasification. Reference is also made to the study of a total system. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on development of power generation using fuel cells. Research and development of molten carbonate fuel cell (II-2, text of the achievement); 1998 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Yoyu tansan'engata nenryo denchi hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu (II-2, kenkyu seika no honbun)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

The effort aims at developing a 1000kW-class power plant and also at using gasified coal as fuel in the future. The fuel system facilities include a high-temperature blower. The exhaust heat recovery facilities comprise a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and a turbine compressor. As for the electrical system facilities, an inverter is installed, tested, and adjusted. Control system facilities are also tested and adjusted. In relation with the operation of the plant, coordination is conducted about technological and process-related matters with the Kawagoe thermal power station of Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., where the fuel cell power plant is to be constructed, which is for the smooth execution of a test run. Ceramic-based cathode materials are being developed, which is for the fabrication of stacks improved in performance, higher in current density, longer in life, and lower in cost. Also exerted are efforts at developing multiple-function electrolyte plates and metallic materials (for example for separator plating). The extent of the acceptability of impurities concentration and gas refining systems are also under study, which is to prepare for future coal gasification. Reference is also made to the study of a total system. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (solar heat power generation); 1974 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyonetsu hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1974 research result on solar heat power generation. The following are promising as solar heat power plant sites in Japan: Large-scale sites such as the foot of volcanos, riverbed, railway site and road, medium-scale sites such as isolated island, saltpan site and industrial park, and small-scale sites such as factory site, factory roof floor, housing complex, warehouse and school. Based on the primary concept design of both curved reflector type and tower type 1,000kW class solar heat power plants, various requirements were clarified roughly. It was clarified that food, fiber and non-ferrous metal factories can cover 80-90% of their thermal energy requirements with high- temperature solar heat, while factories related to food and fiber can cover even nearly 100% of their electric power requirements with solar heat. Study was also made on specifications of a solar simulator as common use facility necessary for characteristic evaluation of equipment and materials for solar heat power generation systems. (NEDO)

Performance analysis in Japanese field test program; Field test data kara no chiiki hatsuden kaiseki hoho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sugiyama, H.; Kurokawa, K.; Uchida, D. [Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan); Otani, K.; Sakuta, K.; Tsuda, I. [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan); Oshiro, T.; Sakamoto, K. [Japan Quality Assurance Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Power generation characteristics are investigated using data collected in photovoltaic power generation field tests being undertaken by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization). The photovoltaic power generation system performance is evaluated by examining loss factors leading to degradation in system performance, with weather conditions such as variation in insolation and air temperature, inverter performance, and shadows cast by surrounding buildings taken into consideration. As the result, it is found that the important loss factors are degradation in module performance due to elevated temperature, drift in the maximum output control, degraded inverter performance due to input power variation, effect of shadows, etc. It is learned that system is greatly affected by degradation in module performance due to increased temperature in summer and by shadows in winter, the two being responsible for the output coefficient dropping to approximately 75% throughout the year. The output coefficient frequency distribution charts for the 75 test sites confirm that the rate is as low as 70-80% at many sites. As for the system operating time, it tends to be longer in West Japan where the annual insolation rate is higher. 3 refs., 10 figs.

Present status of geothermal power development in Kyushu; Kyushu ni okeru chinetsu hatsuden no genjo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akiyoshi, M. [Kyushu Electric Power Co. Inc., Fukuoka (Japan)

1997-10-20

The present situation was introduced of the geothermal power generation in Kyushu. In Kyushu, where there are lots of volcanos and abundant geothermal resources, the geothermal exploration has been made since long ago. Three non-utility use units at three geothermal power generation points and six commercial use units at five points are now in operation in Kyushu. The total output is approximately 210 MW, about 40% of the domestic geothermal power generation. At Otake and Hacchobaru geothermal power plants, the Kyushu Electric Power Company made the geothermal resource exploration through the installation/operation of power generation facilities. At the Otake power plant, a geothermal water type single flashing system was adopted first in the country because of its steam mixed with geothermal water. At the Hacchobaru power plant, adopted were a two-phase flow transportation system and a double flashing system in which the geothermal water separated from primary steam by separator is more reduced in pressure to take out secondary steam. Yamakawa, Ogiri and Takigami power plants are all for the joint exploration. Geothermal developers drill steam wells and generate steam, and the Kyushu Electric Power Company buys the steam and uses it for power generation. 5 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1983 Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system (Verification of experimental low cost silicon refining - Development of technology for chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction process); 1983 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tei cost silicon jikken seisei kensho (Chlorosilane no suiso kangen kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1984-03-01

The effort aims to develop a reactor and its peripheral devices and process management technology therefor and to develop chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction process technology as part of the endeavors to develop a low cost production process for silicon for photovoltaic cells for the purpose of building a model plant capable of approximately 10 tons/year in terms of SOG (spin on glass) silicon. A study is made of ten operations (total reaction time of 2,264 hours), and it turns out that the electric power consumption efficiency is near the initially planned value. The yield of Si is, however, but 16.5% which is lower than the initially planned value of 20%. The value is elevated to 18% by raising the reactor temperature. To prevent overcleaning, a reactor with its internal walls experimentally coated with SiC is tested. The problems with devices other than the reactor tube are extraction rendered difficult by anomalously grown granules and processing devices choked by Si powder contained in waste gas after reaction. The first problem is settled by modifying the extraction tube but the other still needs a remedy. The produced granules are found to be high in quality. The seed producing roll crusher is operated for a total of 92 hours yielding 857kg in total. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1982 Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system (Verification of experimental low cost silicon refining - Development of technology for chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction process); 1982 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tei cost silicon jikken seisei kensho (Chlorosilane no suiso kangen kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-03-01

The effort aims to develop a reactor and its peripheral devices and process management technology therefor and to develop chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction process technology as part of the endeavors to develop a low cost production process for silicon for photovoltaic cells for the purpose of building a model plant capable of approximately 10 tons/year in terms of SOG (spin on glass) silicon. The installation of a 10 tons/year class model plant for SOG-Si production is completed in July 1982. Flaws are removed after a test run, and four reactions are accomplished without damage on the reactor tube in the period from February-end to March-beginning marking 550 hours of operation in total. Thanks to the four operations, 1,086kg of granules are experimentally produced and an electric power consumption rate of 30.6KWH/kg Si is achieved, control of the flowing particle amount by reactor differential pressure is accomplished and the same of the yield by recovered silane liquid composition analysis, and essence is seized of operation control technologies. In an experimental apparatus for seed production, Si is crushed by a roll crusher and then subjected to separation by a quartz-made air elutriator. A high yield of 130kg is obtained after crushing for 75 hours. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1986 Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system (Verification of experimental low cost silicon refining - Development of technology for chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction process); 1986 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tei cost silicon jikken seisei kensho (Chlorosilane no suiso kangen kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1987-03-01

The aim is to develop a fluidized bed reactor high in productivity and low in power consumption for the realization of mass production of low cost polycrystalline silicon usable for solar cell construction. An experimental device capable of producing 10 tons/year of SOG (spun on glass)-Si is built and operated. The fluidized bed reactor treating trichlorosilane as the material and the product quality achieve the initially set goals, and the essence is seized of operation management technology. In fiscal 1986, for development of the technology into a practical application technology, designs are prepared for a larger reactor unit and a large plant of the commercial scale. From the viewpoints of production efficiency and cost, the enlargement of a reactor unit is an inevitable task to discharge before practical application. There are two challenges to meet. One is the development of technologies for manufacturing large reactor tubes strong enough to withstand practical service and the other the development of a reactor structure fit for dimensional enlargement. It is then found that the concept of an economically optimum design relative to device series or device block formation is variable in the case of large plants, dependent on the scale of production, and that therefore it is necessary to arrange problems in a proper order to facilitate further deliberation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1987 Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system (Verification of experimental low cost silicon refining - Development of technology for chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction process); 1987 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tei cost silicon jikken seisei kensho (Chlorosilane no suiso kangen kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1988-03-01

Since its construction in 1982, the experimental device capable of 10 tons/year production of SOG (spun on glass)-Si has been in operation, and the trichlorosilane processing fluidized bed reactor has achieved its goals in performance and product quality. Element studies continue for the enlargement of the reactor unit for practical application and for the designing of a large plant of the commercially viable scale. In fiscal 1987, element studies are conducted for the enlargement of the reactor unit. Concerning the development of technologies for the manufacture of large reactor tubes strong enough to withstand practical application, efforts are made to strengthen materials for the fabrication of reactor element tubes (230mm and 500mm in diameter), to develop SiC-CVD (chemical vapor deposition) technology to provide reactor tube materials with resistance to corrosion, and to develop a single reactor tube structure indispensable for device enlargement. For the verification of such element technologies, in line with the study of experimental device operation capable of 10 tons/year SOG-Si production, studies are conducted on continuous stable operation technologies for the fluidized bed reactor, maintenance and improvement of product quality, and enhancement of durability of constituent parts and components. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1984 Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system (Verification of experimental low cost silicon refining - Development of technology for chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction process); 1984 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tei cost silicon jikken seisei kensho (chlorosilane no suiso kangen kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-01

In fiscal 1984, studies are conducted for long-time stabilized operation of the device (extension of reactor tube service life, elimination of flaws in the granule extraction process, control of deposited silicon), improved granule quality (measures to deal with Cu pollution), cost reduction (improvement on yield of silicon after reaction, reduction in electric power consumption rate), and so forth. The results are found to be satisfactory in outline. The problem of strengthening the reactor tube material itself remains to be solved, however, with many knotty issues to settle before practical application. In the effort to deliberate these difficulties, as many as 4,377 hours (reaction hours) in total are spent in fiscal 1984. During the operation, 8.3 tons of granules are produced of which approximately 7 tons are fed to the next stage of processing. The quality of granules produced in this way is stable thanks to efforts to prevent pollution and to prolong continuous reaction time, and is found to satisfy NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) specifications. Furthermore, the cast cell and the ribbon cell using thus-produced granules achieve photoelectric conversion rates of 10% and 9%, respectively, thereby meeting the target goal of 9%. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1993 achievement report on New Sunshine Program. Development of photovoltaic power generation system practicalization technology (Development of ultrahigh-efficiency solar cell technology - Development of crystalline compound solar cell technology); 1993 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chokokoritsu taiyo denchi no gijutsu kaihatsu (kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

Efforts are made to enhance InGaP cell efficiency (target 16%) on a GaAs substrate by prolonging the InGaP minor carrier life span. In preparation of InGaP cell fabrication on silicon, a study is made of epitaxial growth of a wide band gap layer. By improving on the conditions of InGaP heteroepitaxial growth under the MOCVD (metal-organic chemical vapor deposition) method on a GaAs substrate, the InGaP cell base layer minority carrier life span is increased to be longer than 5ns. The use of epitaxial crystals greatly improves on the efficiency of InGaP cells on a GaAs substrate. Furthermore, cell structure improvement and the like are accomplished, which results in the achievement of an efficiency rate of 17.4%. As a basic technology for the fabrication of InGaP/Si tandem cells, experiments are conducted of growing a wide gap layer for the growth of Ln{sub 1-x}Ga{sub x}P on an silicon substrate. For the evaluation of epitaxial crystals and interfaces, time resolution photoluminescence measurement is performed and the result is compared with the result of simulation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology (Development of application type novel-structure thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology - Development of static micro-concentrator solar cell manufacturing technology); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / oyogata shinkozo usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (micro shukogata taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

An acorn type concentrator is a 2-dimensional system and realizes relatively high magnification power, but it requires a special assembly process for modularization because the cells and the concentration system are quite small. Under the circumstances, studies are conducted on a prism array concentrator (PAC) which will demand a smaller burden for modularization. A PAC system is basically a 1-dimensional concentrator in terms of light collection performance. The cell to be attached to one plane in the longitudinal direction of the long triangular prism is so small as 5mm in width, yet it may be as long as 50-100mm, and the conventional flat plate assembly process may be made use of. A concentration efficiency of 82% and a conversion efficiency of 10.9% were obtained from a minimodule with a light intercepting area of 5cm times 4cm. Furthermore, a conversion efficiency of 19.7-21.4% was obtained when a small 5mm-wide cell applicable to a PAC type concentration was used. Since a prism type concentrator optical system will cost much for its molding and strengthening when it is built of glass, inexpensive EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) was utilized as an adhesive filler. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1999 of energy and environment technology verification project formation assisting project and international joint verification and research project. Verification of discrete power generation system utilizing mini-power generation that utilizes micro gas turbine; 1999 nendo micro gas turbine riyo mini hatsuden wo riyoshita bunsangata hatsuden system no kensho seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper describes the verification test on power generation by using natural gas driven micro gas turbines (rated at 28 kW) in Thailand. The turbine presented excellent result of providing a maximum power generation output of 25 kW, having no efficiency deterioration even at the 50% output point (about 22%). Its exhaust gas emitted under the normal operation is clean. The waste heat is as low as 290 degrees C, which can be used for hot water supply, but may be difficult for steam generation. Under the severe condition for building large power plants in remote areas due to environmental issues and power transmission loss, proliferation of the discrete power generation system in the suburbs of the city of Bangkok draws expectation. This system can be more advantageous than the existing facilities if the end user gas price is 6.7 Bht/m{sup 3} or less. Discussions were given on a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) bus driven by electric power generated from the gas turbine mounted on the bus. The bus is overwhelmingly superior in the environmental aspect to diesel fueled buses. The HEV bus emits no black smoke at all, and NOx emission is as low as about 1/70. Fuel consumption is less than half (when regenerative braking is used). However, the vehicle body cost is higher by 40%. Smooth operation of the buses requires indispensably deployment of compressed natural gas service stations (to be located at 40-km interval ideally). Assistance is required also on the fund for gas line installations, and civil engineering construction technologies. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1995 report on the results of the subsidy operation under the Sunshine Project on the development of a geothermal water use power plant, etc. Development of the binary cycle power plant (development of the measurement while drilling system for geothermal wells); 1995 nendo New Sunshine keikaku hojo jigyo seika hokokusho. Nessui riyo hatsuden plant nado kaihatsu (binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (chinetsusei kussakuji kotei joho kenchi system no kaihatsu))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The R and D were conducted of a detection system for measurement of data on the bottom hole of geothermal well, data transmission and signal processing, and an analysis system for well drilling trajectory control and well assessment while drilling of geothermal wells based on the data obtained by the detection system, and the results were reported of the technical development in fiscal 1995. In the development of the downhole detection unit, the following developments were conducted: mud pulse generator, bottomhole signal processor, mode switches, inclination information sensor, power source, measures against vibration/shock, sonde external equipment, tests to confirm heat resistance of electronic parts, and design/manufacture of testing devices. In the development of the surface detection unit, the development was made of experimental analysis program, interface program, and simulation. In the development of the analysis system, as a well trajectory control support system, made were a trajectory planning/display system and a trajectory prediction system. As a downhole assessment support system, made were a temperature analysis system and a pressure analysis system. 4 refs., 298 figs., 88 tabs.

FY 1998 Report on development of large-scale wind power generation systems. Research of wind turbines for storm worthy and easy construction; 1998 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu. Taikyofu kensetsu yoigata fusha ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The research and development statuses in various countries are surveyed, to have useful information to draw the future R and D directions for wind turbines resistant to storms and easy construction. Greece has sites suitable for wind power generation in mountainous districts, and is developing the systems while taking the characteristic weather conditions into consideration. The country provides information regarding aerodynamic/structural design methods for wind turbine blades applicable to turbulent wind generated by complex terrain, and wind assessment and analyses in complex terrain. In India, on-the-spot surveys are made at the cyclone-attacked wind farms. One of the areas on which the USA is putting emphasis is development of small-size wind turbines and wind-diesel hybrid systems for developing countries and independent grid systems in remote areas. Australia is constructing wind-diesel hybrid systems to be connected to a number of independent grid systems in its western area. In Europe, information is collected for the advanced aerodynamic analysis, construction of offshore wind turbines, and production engineering and facilities for blades and other components from Vestas and N.E.G. Micon as the leading wind turbine makers. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the subsidy operation under the Sunshine Project on the development of a geothermal water use power plant, etc. Development of the binary cycle power plant (development of the measurement while drilling system for geothermal wells); 1996 nendo New Sunshine keikaku hojo jigyo seika hokokusho. Nessui riyo hatsuden plant nado kaihatsu (binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (chinetsusei kussakuji kotei joho kenchi system no kaihatsu))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The R and D were carried out of a detecting system for measurement of data on the bottom of geothermal well, data transmission and signal processing, and an analysis system for well drilling trajectory control and well assessment while geothermal well drilling based on the data obtained by the detecting system. The paper reported the results of the technology development in fiscal 1996. In the development of the detecting system, improvement/design were conducted on a mud pulse generator constituting sonde, well bottom signal processing equipment, mode switch and inclined information sensor, and the system equivalent to the actual one was manufactured to conduct a running test at high temperature/pressure. Moreover, a test to confirm heat resistance of electronic parts was made for further improvement in heat resistance of the sonde, in order to obtain the data. In the development of an analysis system, conducted were enhancement of operability of the planning/indication portions of the well drilling trajectory supporting system, improvement of the data intake system, etc. In relation to the well assessment supporting system, carried out were heightening of operability of the temperature analysis portion and confirmation of accuracy increase. 5 refs., 253 figs., 72 tabs.

FY 1999 Report on the technical results. Part 2-1. Development of fuel cell power generation technologies (Research and development of molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system); 1999 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 2-1. Yoyu tansan'engata nenryo denchi (hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-05-01

This research and development project is aimed at modification and improvement of the stacking technologies, to improve service life and performance of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system and reduce its cost. For the cross-flow type stack, optimization of the anode firing conditions leads to controlled reduction of the fine pores, and incorporation of the cathode with MgO successfully leads to controlled elution of NiO and Ni short-cut. For the separator, the service life is extended by treatment of the material with Al and controlling its rigidity. The cell life prediction method is improved to enhance its accuracy. The cell life of -4.3mV/1,000h is achieved by these technologies. For the parallel-flow type stack, the electrodes are improved to achieve the cell life of -1.4mV/1,000h, the technologies for producing the separator for a 1m{sup 2} class unit are developed, and the basic structures of a large-capacity stack are designed. For the internal reforming type, a 200kW class reforming stack is constructed, and operated for 5,259 hours. The causes for electrolyte loss are analyzed by developing the relationships between operating temperature and electrolyte loss, electrolyte mass and sustainability of the cell characteristics, and steam partial pressure over the cathode and electrolyte loss, and also by testing the Ni short-cut. (NEDO)

FY1995 study of highly efficient power generation system based on chemical-looping combustion; 1995 nendo chemical loop nenshoho ni yoru kokoritsu hatsuden system no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Synthesis of highly efficient and low emission power generation plant with chemical-looping combustion using various fuels such as natural gas, coal gas and hydrogen. Development of new looping materials with suitable reactivity, regenerative ability, and avoidance of carbon deposition. To obtain the design data for demo-plant by using the current experiment high- pressure fixed bed reactor. From the viewpoint of application of the proposed power generation system with chemical-looping combustion, the following main results were obtained. 1. New looping materials: NiO/NiAl{sub 2}O{sub 4}, CoO-NiO/YSZ, and Co{sub 3}O{sub 4}/CoAl{sub 2}O{sub 4}. These materials have high reactivity, repeatability, and avoidance of carbon deposition which play important roles in application of this new combustor. 2. NO{sub x} formation can be completely avoided; both fuel NO{sub x} in reduction reactor for coal gas as fuel and thermal NO{sub x} in oxidation reactor. 3. It is identified from the experiment using fixed bed reactor with the elevated pressure that NiO/NiAl{sub 2}O{sub 4} is a suitable material for coal gas or hydrogen. These promising results have provided valuable data for industrial application. (NEDO)

Reduction mechanism of dynamic loads on down wind rotor; Furyoku hatsuden system down wind rotor no doteki kaju no keigen kiko ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seki, K; Shimizu, Y; Yasui, T [Tokai University, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Dynamic force on blades in a large wind mill changes with rotational speed for various reasons, such as wind shear that causes vertical distribution of wind velocity or titling angle. Therefore, a 2-blade system on a teetered hub is a practical selection for the coned, down-wind type. Use of teetered axis greatly reduces bending moment in the flap direction and that at the axis of rotation. An attempt was made to understand dynamic loads by inertial force resulting from oscillation of the blade rotating on the teetered axis, and thereby to avoid them. The in-plane load can be diminished to zero when the teetered axis is coincided with the center of gravity, but generally cannot be avoided when the blade is strained significantly, except it is operated at the rated condition. The in-plane load and bending moment can be avoided, when rotational freedom is given around the y axis. Dynamic load on a down-wind rotor can be avoided by use of universal joint. 3 refs., 6 figs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 on Sunshine Program research and development of photovoltaic power systems. Research and development of amorphous solar cells (Research and development of production of low-cost monosilane); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Amorphous taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (tei cost monosilane seizoho no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

A low-cost production method is developed for monosilane as a cell film material, 99.9995% pure at a manufacturing cost of 4,500 yen/kg (100 ton/year unit). An experimental unit with a maximum capacity of 1m{sup 3}/H (1 ton/month) gas production is built, and whether it is practical will be clarified by the end of fiscal 1983. The whole monosilane production process, consisting of the electrolysis of eutectic liquid of Li chloride and K chloride, hydrogenation of Li to be generated by the electrolysis, and the generation of monosilane through the reaction of the hydrogenated Li and silicon tetrachloride, proceeds in one large molten salt tub. The chlorine from the electrolysis and Si as material comes into reaction in a salination furnace for the generation of silicon tetrachloride to be supplied to the process. Minor tests are made involving pressure control, distance between the electrodes and the effect of the diaphragm, stirring in the hydrogenation chamber, dust in the monosilane generation chamber, and the insulation of the cathode lead rod, and the results are reflected on the process of experimental unit designing and building. The unit has harm neutralizing facilities for safety assurance because much hydrogen and a little chloride are consumed while the unit is in operation, with some silicon tetrachloride to be retained in the unit. An infrared absorption method is used to analyze impurities in the monosilane gas, when the method exhibits a capability of detecting 2ppm of methane. (NEDO)

Analysis and evaluation for practical application of photovoltaic power generation system. Analysis and evaluation for thin substrate polycrystalline solar cells (compound semiconductors and their fabrication technologies); Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka. Usumaku taiyo denchi jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka (kagobutsu taiyo denchi zairyo oyobi seisaku gijutsu no kaiseki hyoka)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oyagi, H; Okada, Y; Yamaguchi, H; Shiota, T; Kuroda, S; Igarashi, O; Tanino, H; Makita, Y; Yamada, A; Kimura, S; Ohara, A; Niki, S; Shibata, H; Fons, P [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for analysis and evaluation for thin-film compound semiconductor solar cells. The study on epitaxial growth and optical properties of the thin films of CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 evaluates the thin epitaxial films grown under various conditions, showing morphology of the defects at the interface of heteroepitaxial growth. These results are used to set the growth conditions under which a thin film of high luminescence by exciter recombination is produced. The study also gives information of luminescence transition in the vicinity of the band ends and of energy level between the bands. The study on structural analysis of the epitaxially grown thin films of CuInSe2 investigates dependence of lattice constants of the MBE-grown CIS layer on film thickness by the X-ray diffractometry based on the bond method. The study on epitaxial growth by the Se(CH3)2-halogen transfer method tests epitaxial growth of the single-crystalline Mo on a substrate of single-crystalline sapphire. 5 figs.

1998 report on development of high-efficiency waste power generation technology. 2. Development of waste gasification and ash melting power generation technology; 1998 nendo kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Haikibutsu gas ka yoyu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In regard to waste gasification and ash melting power generation, a basic test and examination were conducted in fiscal 1998, with a full-scale development test made ready to start. In the development of technology for raising steam temperature, evaluation of high temperature corrosivity of SH materials and development of high-temperature dust removal system were carried out for example, as were development of dechlorination technology for thermal decomposition process and development of ceramic high-temperature air heater. In the development of technology to prevent exhaust gas reheating, preliminary examination was made on denitrification technologies using a catalyst with superior low-temperature activity. In the development of technology to reduce self-heat melting critical calorific value, investigation and basic test were carried out concerning a stable waste feed system, with a pilot test device experimentally manufactured and tested based on the findings. In the development of technology for reducing external fuel input, examination and analysis were performed on pretreatment techniques for waste plastics, with basic data obtained for a waste blowing system project. In addition, the thermal decomposition and combustion characteristics of waste plastics were clarified by the basic test. (NEDO)

Report on results of feasibility study in fiscal 1986 on use of coal in next generation high efficiency power generation system - research commissioned by Moonlight project propulsion room of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology. MHD generation subcommittee; 1986 nendo jisedai kokoritsu hatsuden system no sekitan gas riyo feasibility chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho (Kogyo Gijutsuin Moonlight keikaku suishinshitsu itaku chosa). MHD hatsuden bunkakai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1987-03-01

A research study was done on MHD generation by coal gasificating combustion. MHD generation is a very attractive power generation system such that efficiency is as high as 55%, that preservation of the environment is superior, and that coal can be used as fuel. The open cycle seems suitable for a one million kW class as a base load following up load fluctuation of approximately 20%, while the closed cycle for 200-300 thousand kW class doing daily start-stop. With a mind to a scale of 30 MWt, in the open cycle, R and D is required in such items as a coal gas combustor, generation channel, high temperature air heater, and seed/slag recovery device. In the closed cycle, R and D is required in the generation channel, high temperature helium heater/high temperature valve, seed injection/recovery device, operation technique of helium closed loop, etc.. Moreover, as a total system, development is necessary in the areas of conceptual design and optimization method, partial load operation and DSS operation method, for example. (NEDO)

Survey on the feasibility of high-efficiency gas turbine power generation system; Kokoritsu gas turbine hatsuden system ni kansuru jitsuyo kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For higher-efficiency power generation cycle plants with less restrained conditions for a location, the conceptual design of an inter-cooled regenerative two-fluid cycle plant (ISTIG) was attempted using a modified aircraft gas turbine. A high-performance turbo fan engine is used for middle-class power generation. The first stage combustion gas drives the first stage turbine, and its exhaust gas is used for the second stage combustion. Because of two-axial type of high and low pressure, improvement of thermal efficiency is expected by easy-to-install inter-cooler. ISTIG superior in operability is suitable for medium load or distributed power generation facilities, and aims at higher efficiency of a 60% level. ISTIG includes a large amount of water vapor in combustion air by adopting a diffusion type combustor eliminating back fire, and can reduce exergy loss by preheating fuel gas. Since load of the high-pressure turbine shifts toward low-pressure one by the inter-cooler, some considerations are necessary for low-pressure side cooling together with reheating cycle. Because of unnecessary steam turbine, the construction cost per kW can be reduced by 20%. 41 refs., 64 figs., 27 tabs.

Fiscal 1981 Sunshine Project research report. Development of hydrothermal power plant. Development of binary cycle power plant. Conceptual plant design; 1981 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant no kaihatsu / binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu seika hokokusho . Plant gainen sekkei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

Conceptual design was made on a 10MW class binary cycle power plant for a demonstration plant superior in reliability and profitability, under most realistic current geothermal field conditions. In the design, study was made on heat balance, main pipe system, equipment allocation, and electric system for a plant system configuration, and study was also made on preheater, evaporator, condenser, turbine and others for plant component equipment. Further study was made on optimization of mist cooling condenser, instrumentation, control, utility, and environmental measures. The following basic data were obtained through the conceptual design: plant inlet hot water temperature: 130 degrees C, plant outlet hot water temperature: 70 degrees C, hot water flow rate: 1,415t/h, working fluid: R-114, R-114 pressure in evaporator: 11.98kg/cm{sup 2} abs, R-114 evaporation temperature: 91.1 degrees C, R-114 condensation temperature: 31.0 degrees C, R- 114 flow rate: 2,265t/h, site area: 106.5m x 102.4m, building area: 48.7m x 16.8m, and building height: 13.0m. (NEDO)

Characteristic on photovoltaic/thermal hybrid collector. Evaluation of excergetic theory; Taiyoko netsu hybrid collector no tokusei. Exergy ni yoru hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iwawaki, H; Morita, Y; Fujisawa, T; Tani, T [Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Described herein are characteristics of photovoltaic (PV)/thermal hybrid collectors (PV/Ts), in which a PV module is combined with a plate-shape solar heat collector to simultaneously produce electric power and heat. Their efficiency is assessed by exergy. The test results indicate that the PV/T system gives a 1.07 times higher exergy than the PV system, 86.3 versus 80.7kWh. In terms of energy, the optimum values (OVs) are 5, 44 and 37% lower than the measuring values (MVs) for electrical energy, thermal energy and total exergy. In terms of exergy, on the other hand, OV is 5% lower than MV for electrical energy, but 893 times higher for thermal energy and 1.26 times higher for total exergy. As a result, the exergy level is 26% higher than that of a system which generates power as the main product and heat as the auxiliary product. 3 refs., 6 figs., 5 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1999 on project for supporting the formation of energy/environmental technology verification project. International joint verification research project (Use of combined binary power generation systems at new geothermal fields on Mindoro Island, the Philippines, and comparison with conventional power generation systems); 1999 nendo Philippines koku Mindoro to no shinki chinetsutai ni okeru combined binary hatsuden hoshiki no tekiyo seika hokokusho. Conventional hatsuden hoshiki tono hikaku kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Concerning the Manito Lowlands geothermal field and the Montelago geothermal field where the systems are to be newly installed, the geothermal reservoir characteristics are assessed, and cost effectiveness is compared between different power generating systems. According to the investigations conducted into the two geothermal fields in the past, they are supposed to have geothermal potentials of the medium grade. Chemical analyses are conducted anew on this occasion into the hot spring water and fumarole gas, and the MT (magnetotelluric) method is implemented for the survey of reservoir distribution. It is now expected that approximately 20MWe will be exploited from each of the two geothermal fields. The power generation systems studied are the single flash type and double flash type for the conventional power generation system, and the cascade type, bottoming type, and two-phase binary type for the combined binary power generation system. As the result, it is concluded that the double flash type or two-phase binary type will be advantageous to the Manito Lowlands geothermal field, and the double flash type or bottoming type or two-phase binary type will be advantageous to the Montelago geothermal field. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1995 survey of promotion of the geothermal development. Report on a usage feasibility test of a small scale geothermal binary cycle power generation system; 1995 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa. Chusho chinetsu binary hatsuden system jissho shiken hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

In this survey, studies for popularization and practical utilization of small and medium size geothermal binary cycle power systems which assesses low and medium temperature geothermal resources were conducted, and studies for development of the system to be introduced for practical use and for promotion of the popularization were made. A study was carried out of preconditions and various conditions of a demonstrative test plant (100kW class, 500kW class) in view of the initial cost of the actual plant, and an analysis was made of the power generation cost. Acceptability of the demonstrative test plant (100kW class) was examined to analyze problems on the introduction. A thermodynamic analysis was made of the output of geothermal binary cycle power generation. Analysis/evaluation of the results of the 100kW demonstrative test plant were carried out in view of the operation results of the plant of the same kind, and checks/reviews were conducted of performance and reliability of the system, equipment simplification, etc. Inspection of the system was made in the stage of design/manufacture of the 500kW demonstrative test plant. Concerning the spread/expansion of the system, studied were multiple stage geothermal utilization and PR promotion method. 14 refs., 62 figs., 55 tabs.

Prospects to solar energy power generation in space. Uchu taiyo hatsuden eno tenbo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kudo, I. (Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan))

1993-05-01

Solar energy power generation in space uses large arrays of solar cells developed on a geosynchronous orbit to obtain electric energy, which is transmitted to the earth using microwaves. The idea had already been advocated in 1968, which was followed a decade later by joint discussions done by NASA and DOE. The concept intended to take care of the U.S. power demand by using 60 power plant satellites, each having an output of 5 GW. This expanse of the scale, regarded reasonable even today, calls for the solar cell arrays in space spreading over an area of 10 km [times] 5 km if silicon solar cells with a conversion efficiency of 15% are used, and rectenna on the ground (a received wave converting facility) forming an ellipse of 10 km [times] 13 km (assuming a location at the north latitude of 36[degree]). Although there are a number of problems in the idea such as transportation means to lift construction materials into the space and effect of microwaves on the ionosphere and the ecosystems, the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology organized a 'committee for investigating and studying the space power generation systems' in the fiscal year 1991, and has been moving discussions forward since then. 7 refs., 5 figs.

Survey for preparing the database for R and D of new engines. Waste power generation, solar heat system, geothermal power generation, clean energy vehicle, coal liquefaction/gasification, and combined systems; Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa. Haikibutsu hatsuden, taiyonetsu riyo, chinetsu hatsuden, clean energy jidosha, sekitan ekika gas ka oyobi odanteki tema

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The present developmental conditions and issues of new energies are systematically arranged for effective promotion of their diffusion. One hundred and forty six general waste power generation facilities of 558,000kW are in operation in 1995, and among them 89 facilities supplies 1,080 GWh to power companies. 50 industrial waste power facilities of 247,000kW are in operation. 20,000 solar systems and 180,000 hot water heaters are in operation in 1995. Commercial geothermal power generation facilities of 490,000kW and private ones of 36,000kW are in operation. Introduction of expensive clean energy vehicles is making very slow progress. The pilot study on bituminous coal liquefaction is in promotion mainly by NEDO. The experiment of entrained bed coal gasification in Nakoso was successfully completed, and development of a commercial plant is to be expected. Power rates of 10 power companies were reduced in 1996, and unit purchase prices of surplus power of photovoltaic and wind power generation were also revised. The new menu and unit purchase price were announced in 1996 for surplus power of waste power generation and fuel cell. 67 figs., 284 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1997. Technological development for practical application of a solar energy power generation system (development of technology to manufacture thin film solar cells (surveys and researches on analyzing practical application )). Volume 1; 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (jitsuyoka kaiseki ni kansuru chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

It is intended to identify and analyze quickly and accurately the technological trends inside and outside the country on thin film solar cells, to reflect the results effectively on research and development of practical application of the thin film solar cells for power use, and to aid the research on practical application of the technology to manufacture the thin film solar cells. This fiscal year introduced the new project of researching and developing the poly-crystal silicon-based thin film solar cells. Discussions were given on designing the solar cells, including setting of thickness of an active layer required to improve efficiency of the silicon-based thin film solar cells, the light confining technology, and surface passivation. Comparisons and discussions were given on the new amorphous/poly-crystal silicon thin film manufacturing method and the conventional plasma CVD process. A research development program was introduced for a super laboratory to aid establishing the practical application technology for the silicon-based thin film solar cells. Chalcopyrite compounds including CuInSe2, and CdTe have not shown deterioration even in a long-term outdoor exposure test, hence they are noted as materials for high-efficiency solar cells and studied actively. Although still small in area, the net conversion efficiency was found in the order of 17%. Technological development has started to search mass production processes and commercialization possibility in the future. (NEDO)

Analysis and evaluation for practical application of photovoltaic power generation system. Analysis and evaluation for development of extra-high efficiency solar cells (fundamental research on extra-high efficiency Si solar cells); Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka. Chokokoritsu taiyo denchi no gijutsu kaihatsu no tame no kaiseki hyoka (chokokoritsu silicon taiyo denchi gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sekikawa, T; Suzuki, E; Ishikawa, K; Takato, H; Yui, N; Shimokawa, R [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for analysis and evaluation for development of extra-high efficiency silicon solar cells. It is necessary for development of extra-high efficiency Si solar cells to extend as far as possible service life of minority carriers and to develop the evaluation techniques. Noting photoluminescence (PL) observable even with Si, the method of evaluating characteristics of minority carriers, which are not limited in samples, is developed to experimentally determine their service life from transitional response of the PL characteristics. Si has an extremely low quantum effect, because it is an indirect transitional semiconductor, and needs measurement of very high sensitivity. A rapid heat annealing apparatus and others to generate carriers in the infrared and ultraviolet regions are provided in consideration that these are possible means to increase efficiency. These possibilities will be pursued by developing the annealing techniques. 1 fig.

Fiscal 1980-1987 Sunshine Program achievement reports. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system (Verification of experimental low cost silicon refining - Overview: Development of technology for chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction process); 1980-1987 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tei cost silicon jijkken seisei kensho sokatsuban (chlorosilane no suiso kangen kotei no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1988-11-01

The chlorosilane hydrogen-reduction technology development period may be divided into the first phase (fiscal 1980-1985) and the second phase (fiscal 1986-1988). During the former phase, efforts were exerted to develop a small experimental device (10 tons/year class) and technologies to operate the same. Important challenges were to cause reaction to occur only on the seed grains in the reactor and to create a proper material for the reactor tube. In the latter phase, element technologies were developed, indispensable for the development of a practical reactor. Endeavors exerted to solve these challenges were the development of a high-strength large-diameter reactor tube, the development of an SiC-CVD (chemical vapor deposition) coating technology, and the development of a technology to join parts to the ceramic-made reactor tube. After eight years' striving, a fluidized bed reactor has been successfully constructed, capable of continuously reducing trichlorosilane by hydrogen. The success promises stable production and supply of polycrystalline silicon. The SOG (spun on glass)-Si produced by the reactor is pure enough to serve the purpose of photovoltaics, and its unit cost has been lowered as initially intended. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1984 on Sunshine Program-entrusted research and development. Research and development of photovoltaic power system (Research and development of amorphous solar cells - Research on defect density in amorphous silicon); 1984 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Amorphous taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (amorphous silicon no kekkan mitsudo no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-01

For the development of high-efficiency, large-area, long-life, and low-cost solar cells, research is conducted on new methods of film formation and defect evaluation. Concerning the kinetics of Si thin film, a radical beam deposition method is proposed as a new low-temperature thin film growth method. Using the new method, a {mu}c-Si film is manufactured, through only a purely radical substrate surface reaction of chemically active, electrically neutral excited species. In research on the amorphous semiconductor superlattice, a new study is conducted on a multilayer, cyclic-structure superlattice consisting of thin films of a-Si:H and a-Si{sub 1-x}N{sub x}:H. In the research on an a-Si:H film formed by the direct photo-CVD (chemical vapor deposition) of disilane, the unit is improved and B and P are successfully doped by means of decompressed photo-CVD. In the evaluation of new materials for solar cells, research is conducted on the after-annealing characteristics of a-Si:H grown at a high speed, electrical characteristics of post-hydrogenated low boron-doped CVD a-Si, and microcrystalline SiGe alloys made by the spattering plasma CVD method. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 on Sunshine Program research and development of photovoltaic power systems. Research and development of amorphous solar cells (Research and development of technologies for enlarging amorphous solar cell area); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Amorphous taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (amorphous taiyo denchi no daimensekika gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

In the basic studies of large-area a-Si film formation technologies, the validity is discussed of the evaluation technique using plasma optical emissions spectrometry (OES) employed for the achievement of the intended film qualities. The film forming condition that exerts the greatest influence on the plasma state relative to OES is the power of discharge, and correlations are found to exist between specific emission intensity, infrared absorption level, and photoconductivity of the film. It is found that a P- or B-doped Si:H/SiC:H film is suitable as the material for the window layer on the light-receiving surface of the solar cell. Materials are studied for the i-layer responsible for photo carrier generation, isolation, and acceleration. Studies are also conducted on fluorine-containing film. In the efforts at designing and building solar cells, ITO (indium-tin oxide)/n-i-p/SS (reversed type) cells are analyzed, designing is carried out for transparent electrode film thickness optimization, window effect in stainless substrate cells is improved, glass substrate cells are experimentally built and analyzed, large-area solar cell properties are improved, interaction between the substrate and a-Si is studied, and reliability tests are conducted. For cost reduction, it is necessary to develop technologies of automated production of simplified-structure modules using low-cost materials. Basic matters are taken up for discussion. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use. Volume 1. Development of thin film solar cell manufacturing technologies (Development of technologies to manufacture low-cost large-area modules and survey and research on analyzing how to put products into practical use); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (jitsuyoka kaiseki ni kansuru chosa kenkyu 1))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

With an objective to assist research and development to put thin film solar cells for power use into practical use and a research to put thin film solar cell manufacturing technologies into practical use, survey and research have been performed on trends in the technologies inside and outside the country. Characteristic points in thin film solar cells during the current fiscal year include: expansion of production scale of amorphous silicon solar cells, rapid progress in poly-crystalline silicon thin film solar cell technologies, and enhancement of performance in large-area modules in the a-Si, CIGS, and CdTe systems. In the trends in research and development of amorphous systems, expectation is heightening on elucidation of optical deterioration phenomena, and establishment of suppression technologies thereof. Although the highest efficiency was not renewed in thin film solar cells of small areas, progress was seen in the post-stabilization efficiency in large-area modules. A thin film solar cell manufacturing plant having an annual production capacity of 20 MW was put into operation in October in Japan. Micro (poly) crystalline silicon based solar cells have high possibility of being compatible in cost reduction and performance improvement, and energetic researches are being carried out on them in recent years as the most promising candidate of the next generation solar cells. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the development of hydrothermal use power plant, etc. Development of the binary cycle power plant (Development of a 10MW class plant); 2000 nendo Nessui riyo hatsuden plant tou kaihatsu. Bainari cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu - 10MW kyu plant no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-01-01

For the purpose of developing a 10MW class demonstrative plant for geothermal binary power generation, the R and D were carried out, and the results obtained from FY 1995 to FY 1999 were summed up. In the interim evaluation made in July 1994, study was to be phasedly proceeded with for the main three systems (hydrothermal system, medium system and power generation system) which compose the 10MW class binary cycle power plant. The test on the hydrothermal system was started in FY 1995. In the R and D, the following were conducted for evaluation: design/manufacture/installation of the test device for the hydrothermal system, manufacture of demonstrative downhole pump (DHP) No.3 and test at plant, test on the hydrothermal system. As to the turbine working medium suitable for binary power plant, the specified freon/substitute freon have been used, but it seems that hydrocarbons such as butane and pentane can be effective in future. In the study of the economical efficiency, it was pointed out that for the commercialization, it is important to improve durability of DHP and further reduce the cost of DHP equipment and cost of repairs. (NEDO)

Achievement report on contract research. Large-scale project - Results of 1st-phase research and development of MHD power generation system; Plant system no hyoka. Ogata project dai 1 ki MHD hatsuden system kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-03-01

Described in detail involving the results of component development, assessment, and the indication of problems are the power generation channel, superconductive magnets and a helium refrigeration and liquefaction unit, seeds collector, heat exchanger, combustor, etc. Described involving the result and effect of power generation system research and development and the indication of problems is the research on Mark V and Mark VI operation tests. Described in relation to thermal performance calculation, economic effectiveness calculation, and environmental conservation involving an MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) power plant are the combustion of heavy oil, combustion of natural gas, plant having a 1,000MW power generator as its base load, control of NOx and sulfur in MHD power generation, etc. As for planning for the next stage, the configuration of a 10MW MHD power generation plant, its equipment, construction cost, and preliminary element research, etc., are described. Furthermore, propositions are presented concerning future plans and the prospect of commercial MHD power generators, technological ripple effects due to MHD power generation research and development, and research and development in the future. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the results of the New Sunshine Project subsidiary operation. Development of the geothermal water use power plant, etc. (development of the binary cycle power plant / development of the geothermal well MWD system); 1997 nendo New Sunshine keikaku hojo jigyo seika hokokusho. Nessui riyo hatsuden plant nado kaihatsu (binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (chinetsusei kussakuji kotei joho kenchi system no kaihatsu))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of improving efficiency and accuracy in geothermal well drilling, the development was conducted of an MWD (measuring while drilling) which detects borehole information in real time. In fiscal 1997, the following R and D were carried out. As to the downhole equipment, the actual well experiment on the sonde was conducted to confirm the basic performance. The design improvement, trial fabrication and experiment were conducted on mud pulse generating valve driving control equipment, bore hole signal processing unit and temperature correction circuit portion in the sonde. Concerning electronic parts, a heat resistance confirming test was conducted for data collection/assessment. Further, jigs were fabricated for tests to confirm working of each equipment. Relating to the ground equipment, conducted were improvement of the decoded program and betterment of the analytical system and interface. As to the development of the analytical system, data on depth were added to the azimuth/inclination obtained from MWD, which enabled indication of a well drilling tracing chart while drilling. 92 figs., 43 tabs.

FY 1989 report on the results of the development of the entrained bed coal gasification power plant. Support study for the development of the entrained bed coal gasification power plant; 1989 nendo seika hokokusho. Funryusho sekitan gaska hatsuden plant kaihatsu (Funryusho sekitan gaska hatsuden plant kaihatsu no shien kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-05-01

For the purpose of supplying the data necessary for construction/operation/maintenance of system, gas turbine, etc. of the desulfurization/dust removal process to be adopted to a pilot plant of 200t/d entrained bed coal gasification power generation, support study was made using the Yubari 40t/d test equipment, and the FY 1989 results were summarized. As to the operation of the 40t/d gasification system, operation was stably continued, and also the system was able to feed gas to the wake device. In the high temperature dry desulfurization test, test was made on the following: structure of the sampling system of the continuous analyzer installed in the coal gas system and circulation gas system, load response corresponding control system, sequence control of the system for supplying reducing agent to SO{sub 2} reduction tower and the system for ash discharge, back washing of D-42 lift gas filter, etc. In the high temperature dry dust removal test, improvement in filtration material/dust separation performance, sequence control of the filtration material supply/discharge system, continuous dust densitometer, operational automation, etc. Through the tests, obtained were the results that are useful for the 200t/d plant. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology (Survey of peripheral element technologies - Survey of novel voltaic cell structure solar cell development); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (shuhen yoso gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu - shinhatsuden soshi kozo taiyo denchi kaitaku no chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The present state and trend are surveyed of organic ferroelectric thin films, new carbon materials, fullerene compounds, and thermophotovoltaic (TPV) power. In the study of organic ferroelectric thin-film solar cells, the effort still remains at the basic stage, with the conversion rate as low as 3% in Europe and 2% in Japan. The progress of basic studies, however, is worth attention. It is deemed that 15% is the photoconversion rate to be currently expected from new carbon material solar cells. Fullerene compounds include some semiconductors whose bandgap values may be controlled across a 0.75-1.95eV range, and they may find their place in thin-film solar cells. However, their physical properties are not fully known, and their development into devices such as solar cells is scarcely reported. The research and development of TPV in the U.S. is led by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory), with their efforts concentrated on the development of portable power sources utilizing combustion heat. In Europe, TPV application to small-scale residential cogeneration systems is under study. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use. Development of thin film solar cell manufacturing technologies (Development of low-cost and large-area module manufacturing technologies, and new type amorphous solar cell manufacturing technologies); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (shingata amorphous taiyo denchi module no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

With an objective to put amorphous solar cells for power use into practical use, research and development has been performed on a low-cost mass production technology for modules with large area and less deterioration using film substrates. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. In developing an efficiency enhancing technology, development of an a-Si/a-SiGe/a-SiGe triple cell structure was launched, and discussions were given on band gaps, film forming conditions, and film thickness. In developing a film forming speed enhancing technology, systematic experiments were performed, as well as theoretical analysis on the film forming mechanism in the plasma CVD process. In developing the process technology for film substrate solar cells, with regard to an a-Si production device of the multi-chamber arranged stepping roll system, six plasma CVD chambers were increased to 13 chambers to improve the electrode forming speed and such processes as drilling low-cost substrates, and laser patterning. In trial fabrication of a triple cell, a module in which one row of the SCAF cell is laminated provided an initial efficiency of 9.64%. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology - Research and survey of peripheral element technologies (Research and survey for development of solar cell of new power generation device structure); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / shuhen yoso gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu (shinhatsuden soshi kozo taiyo denchi kaitaku no chosa kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Attention is paid to behavior at the molecular level with reference taken to the photosynthetic mechanism, and a behavioral mechanism is proposed, which incorporates, in place of the conventional band model, a concept of a molecular structure based on electron transfer, excitation energy transfer, and reactions of oxidation and reduction. Discussion is then made on elements of technology development for the embodiment of high-efficiency organic ferroelectric thin-film solar cells. The elements taken up include the feasibility of organic ferroelectric thin-film cells, photoelctric conversion systems of plants and photosynthetic bacteria, solar cells using donor-acceptor type dyes, organic thin-film solar cells using conductive polymers, and efficient photoexcitation of organic dyes. Fullerene compounds are semiconductive and their band gaps may be controlled to stay within the range of 0.75-1.9eV, and this justifies a hope that they will serve as solar cells. As for TPV (thermophotovoltaic) conversion, it is under development mainly at NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) as a transportable power source based on heat of combustion. Efforts are also being exerted since 1990 in five European countries to develop TPV systems for small-scale cogeneration. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology (Development of low-cost/large-area module manufacturing technology - Development of novel amorphous solar cell module manufacturing technology); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (shingata amorphous taiyo denchi module no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The project intends to improve on large-area amorphous silicon solar cell performance and to develop high-throughput manufacturing technologies for a reduction in the cost of modules. A film substrate type amorphous solar cell structure of the serial connection type named SCAF (series-connection through apertures formed on film) is contrived. Under this method, film formation using a stepping roll system newly developed for glass substrates may be applied, and the number of manhours required is allowed to be less than under conventional serial connection forming processes. The new technique is characterized in that serial connections are established via through-holes provided in plastic substrates. Making use of the technology, progress is attained in the development of high-throughput process technology for film substrate type amorphous solar cells and of efficiency enhancement technology. In fiscal 1997, an electron beam unit for plasma generation aiming at the elucidation of reaction processes in plasma was introduced, and technologies based on the equilibrium discharge technique were developed enabling high-speed a-Si film formation without degradation in film quality. The effect of trace boron addition to the tandem cell bottom I layer was investigated, and a stabilization rate of 8.05% was achieved using a 40cm times 80cm large SCAF cell. In fiscal 1998, endeavors were exerted for similar developments. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on development of practical application technology for photovoltaic power generation systems. Development of technologies to manufacture thin film solar cells (development of technologies to manufacture silicon crystal based high-quality materials and substrates / survey and research on analysis of practical application); 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (zairyo kiban seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / silicon kesshokei kohinshitsu zairyo kiban no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (jitsuyoka kaiseki ni kansuru chosa kenkyu))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

As a plan to develop technologies to manufacture materials and substrates for thin film solar cells, it is intended to reduce defect density, enhance film forming speed, largely improve the photo-electric conversion efficiency and increase manufacturing productivity. These goals will be realized by establishing methods to control defect density, crystal particle diameters and crystallization rate in silicon crystal systems. A technology to form micro-crystal silicon-based thin films will be developed, that have superior photo-stability, and are capable of realizing low cost and mass production. Discussions will be given on a high-density plasma control technology, a fundamental property evaluation technology for micro crystal silicon thin films, and a device design simulation technology. A technology will be developed to form amorphous silicon layer on a stainless steel substrate by using the plasma CVD process. At the same time, discussions will be given on optical annealing and thermal annealing as reformation methods. Fiscal 1997 has surveyed component technologies to identify and analyze quickly and accurately the technical trends inside and outside the country, and to mass produce thin film solar cells. The Material and Substrate System Technology Subcommittee (silicon crystals) was held to deliberate the four-year development program and its progress. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 achievement report on regional consortium research and development project. Venture business raising type regional consortium - small business creating base type (Development of mobile hybrid power source system using wind and solar energies); 1998 nendo kahanshiki furyoku taiyoko hybrid dengen system no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-12-01

Regarding new energy power sources such as solar cells and small wind power systems (1-3kW), research and development is conducted for a new hybrid system featuring 'mobile, package type, no construction cost.' In the research, 4-12m telescopic wind turbine supporting poles are manufactured for two types of wind turbines respectively generating 1.5kW and 2.5kW. A slide type mechanism is employed for solar cell deployment, which enables on-site deployment. Each solar panel accommodates 24 solar cells, and one is installed on top of a container to serve as control room. A control system is developed for this hybrid power source system, which receives power from a wind power turbine and solar cells and supplies power to three kinds of power sources. For the stable supply of power to the loads, 24V/1500Ah batteries are provided. Each power charging controller and protecting device are found to operate smoothly in a verification test, which means the goal of the development endeavors has been achieved. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of technology for commercialization of the photovoltaic power system - Development of production technology of thin film solar cells. Separate Volume 1. Development of production technology of low cost/large area modules (Investigational study on the commercialization analysis); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu {sup H}akumaku taiyodenchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu{sup -} Tei cost dai menseki mojuru seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (Jitsuyoka kaiseki ni kansuru chosa kenkyu) - 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of supporting the study of commercialization of thin film solar cells for electric power use and the study of production technology of thin film solar cells, survey of the technical trend of the thin film solar cell was conducted, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. The typical Si system thin film solar cell is the amorphous Si solar cell, and the quantity production has already started in Japan and abroad. Further, with the aim of making use of characteristics of the amorphous Si solar cell and also making its defects up, the development of Si thin film solar cell using microcrystal Si and polycrystal Si is greatly expected. Among those, attention is paid to the hybrid type that was proposed for the remarkable improvement in the conversion efficiency of amorphous Si solar cell. In the compound thin film system, the Cu(InGa)Se{sub 2}(CiGS) solar cell was put on the market as product by SSI, though the market scale is small. Further, as to the CdTe thin film solar cell, trial manufacture of the large area module was made in view of the housing use. In addition, there was seen great progress in the color sensitized cell and organic semiconducting solar cell mainly in the U.S. and Europe. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the results of the New Sunshine Project subsidiary operation. Development of a geothermal water use power plant, etc. / technical development of the hot dry rock power generation system (development of electric technology); 1997 nendo New Sunshine keikaku hojo jigyo seika hokokusho. Nessui riyo hatsuden plant nado kaihatsu (koon gantai hatsuden system no gijutsu kaihatsu (yoso gijutsu no kaihatsu))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of using hot dry rock energy to power generation, the R and D was continued of element technology of the hot dry rock power generation. In fiscal 1997, the construction of ground facilities, etc. for long-term circulation experiment was proceeded with to make data analysis for study of the experimental results. As for preparation for the long-term circulation experiment, design/fabrication/construction of experimental facilities were commenced, and review/fabrication of the monitoring system were conducted to strengthen the monitoring network of microearthquakes. In relation to the analytical research, using models connecting reservoirs and wells, relationships were studied among the distance between injection well and production well, production flow rate, and long-term thermal extraction characteristics of reservoirs. Further, to study structures of shallow/deep reservoirs at the Hijiori hot dry rock experimental field, re-determined were mechanism solutions of AE in deep hydraulic fracturing experiments, three well circulation tests, and preliminary circulation tests, and at the same time stress fields were studied. Fracture models were made and the simulation program was revised. 18 refs., 82 figs.

Soft energy/seawater pumped-storage power plant in Okinawa; Sofuto energy/Okinawa kaisui yosui hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsutsui, S. [Univ. of Ryukyus, Okinawa (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1995-11-15

A demonstration seawater pumped-storage power plant which is the first one in the world is under construction in the northern area of Okinawa. The pumped-storage power generation is an electricity recycling system in which the surplus electricity during the night is utilized to pump up water to an upper reservoir to discharge water for power generation during the daytime when demand for electricity increases. It is scheduled that main civil engineering structures are constructed during the year of 1995 to be subjected to trial operation in the following year. Countermeasures to be taken for natural environmental protection during the plant construction are introduced. Countermeasures are devised for environment assessment, muddy water treatment, and prevention of seawater at the upper reservoir. Salinity in the atmosphere is to be measured during the construction work and the demonstration test to evaluate the effects of scattering of salt from the upper reservoir into the atmosphere on the vegetation in the peripheral area and the salt-resistance of vegetation. Sufficient consideration is given to the protection of the existing vegetation and coral, and to the protection of small living creatures. Participants in the construction work are requested to report, for the purpose of taking proper steps, sites, peripheral conditions, and others when precious animals are found. 9 figs., 1 tab.

FY 1991 report on the results of the development of the entrained bed coal gasification power plant. Part 1. Element study/investigational study of technology/study of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power system; 1991 nendo seika hokokusho. Funryusho sekitan gaska hatsuden plant kaihatsu - Sono 1. Youso kenkyu hen, gijutsu chosa hen, sekitan gaska fukugo hatsuden system kento hen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-01-01

For the purpose of establishing the technology of integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation, the following were conducted: element study of a 200t/d entrained bed coal gasification pilot plant, survey of technology of the coal gasification power generation, study of the practical scale IGCC, etc. The FY 1991 results were summarized. In the gasification test using 2t/d furnace equipment, evaluation test on the test coal for pilot plant was made. In the study of gas turbine combustor for demonstration machine use, measuring duct was fabricated for measurement of combustion gas temperature/pressure, etc. In the simulational study of the total system of combined cycle power generation, review/modification of part of the simulation model and detailing of the model were conducted by comparison with the data on pilot plant operation. In the technology study, joint technology conferences were held for discussions between Japan and Australia, Japan and the U.S., and Japan and Canada. As to the practical scale IGCC, the initially planned output capacity and thermal efficiency were studied based on the knowledge/information obtained through the R and D on the 200t/d pilot plant. (NEDO)

Study of a wave power generator system using an air turbine having improved J-shaped blades; Kairyo J gatayoku kuki turbine wo mochiita haryoku hatsuden sochi no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Honma, T; Omata, K; Kojima, N [Meiji University, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

An improved J-shaped blade, in which a J-shaped blade is combined with a small-size Savonius blade, has been developed, to further improve efficiency of an air turbine for wave power generator systems. A prototype model of stationary wave power generator has been developed using the improved blade, to confirm its power generation characteristics by tests in a water tank and small-scale ocean tests. The results are compared with the characteristics of the units with conventional blades. The air turbine unit with the improved blade shows an efficiency of 13 to 35%, which is higher by 10 to 20% than that of the turbine with a J-shaped blade and by 20 to 70% than that of the one with a Savonius blade, more noted at low speed of rotation. It is therefore considered that the turbine with the improved blade is suited for sea areas having a relatively low wave height. It is also considered that efficiency can be further enhanced, when one or more guide vanes are provided around the blade. 2 refs., 12 figs.

New energy technology development related database construction survey (wind power generation); Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa (furyoku hatsuden)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

To arrange systematic data relating to new energy, the latest published data relating to the wind energy conversion systems have been collected and arranged. For the overview of wind energy conversion system, wind turbines with horizontal axis and vertical axis, specification of wind turbine, and conceptual figure of wind energy conversion systems are illustrated. For the installation examples, introduction development of wind energy conversion systems in the world is described for Japan, the USA, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Sweden, India, and Belgium. For the relevant legislation and support plan, relevant legislation for the introduction of wind energy conversion in Japan, support plan in Japan, and support plans in foreign countries are described. Prices of wind turbines by wind turbine makers in the world, construction cost by Japanese makers, basic term, and subsidiary company and organization are shown

Research report for fiscal 1997 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology. Evaluation on durability of device installed with inverter to protect grid connection; 1997 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka - Inbata tsuki keito renkei hogo sochi no taikyusei hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Tests and discussions have been performed on the safety and durability of the device installed with inverter to protect grid connection, being an important device in the photovoltaic power generation system. The particularly important requirements demanded in the device were specified as maintenance of electric power quality, coordination with the protection system in the grid side, and assurance of safety of personnel and facilities. The current fiscal year has performed operation corresponding to that in the actual field for 20 years in total, and the evaluation tests on electrical characteristics and electric power quality. This paper summarizes the achievements in four years including the results available up to the previous fiscal year. Although no large change has been identified in the electrical characteristics, variance has been found in the detection time of overvoltage in the grid side. With regard to the electric power quality, the value has exceeded 89 dB as the determining condition for the certification test in the conduction interfering waves of 5 kHz to 10 kHz. In addition, it was confirmed that the conductive high-frequency noise terminal voltage in the grid side after the repetition of operations and shutdowns tends to increase according to the operation lapse time. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the regional consortium R and D project - Regional consortium energy R and D field. First year report. R and D of distributed power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation use; 2000 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo - chiiki consortium energy kenkyu kaihatsu bun'ya. Taiyoko hatsuden'yo bunsangata power conditioner no kenkyu kaihatsu (dai 1 nendo) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

By developing 100W class micro-inverter and putting it to the solar cell panel one by one, a control system is developed by which the maximum output can be obtained as the solar cell system even if the output of individual panels changes by stain and shade. By this system, power generation efficiency is expected to be increased by approximately 10%. In case that power generation of 5 million kW is achieved in FY 2010, energy conservation of about 50,000 kl/year in oil conversion can be expected. In FY 2000, the following were carried out: 1) investigational study of electronic parts; 2) primary trial-fabrication of micro-inverter; 3) various kinds of simulation assuming the inverter parallel operation. In 1), two kinds using the fly-back transformer method and the immittance conversion theory were trial-fabricated. As to the former, the main circuit method was designed to be the fly back type high frequency insulation method, and the control method to be the pulse area modulation method. As to the latter, the current output type power converter was structured by the circuit simulation. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the regional consortium R and D project - Regional consortium energy R and D field. First year report. R and D of distributed power conditioner for photovoltaic power generation use; 2000 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo - chiiki consortium energy kenkyu kaihatsu bun'ya. Taiyoko hatsuden'yo bunsangata power conditioner no kenkyu kaihatsu (dai 1 nendo) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

By developing 100W class micro-inverter and putting it to the solar cell panel one by one, a control system is developed by which the maximum output can be obtained as the solar cell system even if the output of individual panels changes by stain and shade. By this system, power generation efficiency is expected to be increased by approximately 10%. In case that power generation of 5 million kW is achieved in FY 2010, energy conservation of about 50,000 kl/year in oil conversion can be expected. In FY 2000, the following were carried out: 1) investigational study of electronic parts; 2) primary trial-fabrication of micro-inverter; 3) various kinds of simulation assuming the inverter parallel operation. In 1), two kinds using the fly-back transformer method and the immittance conversion theory were trial-fabricated. As to the former, the main circuit method was designed to be the fly back type high frequency insulation method, and the control method to be the pulse area modulation method. As to the latter, the current output type power converter was structured by the circuit simulation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1994 achievement report. Development of photovoltaic power generation system practicalization technology - Development of ultrahigh-efficiency solar cell technology (Development of new photoelectric conversion material technology - Research on future feasibility of wet-type solar cells); Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Chokokoritsu taiyo denchi no gijutsu kaihatsu (shinkoden henkan zairyo no gijutsu kaihatsu (shisshiki taiyo denchi no shoraiteki kanosei no chosa))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

A survey is conducted of wet-type solar cells that may constitute an important field in solar chemistry. The wet type solar cell made known by Graetzel et al. in 1991 is a combination of ultrafine TiO{sub 2} grains and a sensitizing dye. The ultrafine grain surface structure enlarges the area of an electrode for the absorption of 46% of incident solar radiation of which 80% or more is converted into electric power. The fill factor at 520nm of a cell fabricated for an additional test turns out to be 40% against the 76% mentioned in technical literature, and the conversion efficiency 10%. The Titanyl sulfate is also tested because it is low in price as material for titanium oxide. Functional groups are experimentally introduced for the generation of bonds on the substrate to be effective in the injection of a sensitizing dye. A sensitizing dye with two carboxyl groups and two bipyridine rings as ligand is allowed to be supported by TiO{sub 2}. IR (infrared) spectrometry is performed, and then formation is found of ester-like bonds or chelate bonds due to the interaction of carboxyl groups and the substrate surface. This is enhanced by surface treatment. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1999 of technologies to put photovoltaic power generation systems into practical use. Development of thin film solar cell manufacturing technologies (Development of low-cost large-area module manufacturing technologies, and dessolution deposition process); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu (yokai sekishutsuho))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

With an objective to manufacture low-cost large-area solar cell modules, developmental research has been performed on a film manufacturing technology using the dessolution deposition process. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. The research has been performed on a technology to form a thin silicon film directly on carbon substrates being substrates of different kinds, without using seed crystals. The researches made up to the previous fiscal year has made possible to form the film onto a substrate of about 5-cm square, has fabricated cells although with a small area, and indicated the importance of reducing concentrations of impurities in the solvent metals used. The researches performed during the current fiscal year executed modifications to reduce the temperature distribution in the substrate surfaces, including size increase in the heater, and improvement in the cooling heat conduction mechanism. As a result, films were formed successfully on 7.5-cm square substrates. In reducing the process temperatures, it was made clear that films can be formed at lower than 700 degrees C by using zinc as a solvent metal. Furthermore, the purity enhancement in the solvent metal achieved a conversion efficiency of 11.6% although the area is as small as 3.73 cm{sup 2}. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology (Development of low-cost large-area module manufacturing technology - Dissolution/deposition method); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (yokai sekishutsuho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The aim is to manufacture the above at low cost by a dissolution/deposition method. Under this method, a film is fabricated containing crystals high in quality and large in size though the film area is very small. In fiscal 1998, an effort to fabricate a film to cover a 10cm square substrate failed. The failure is explained by that the heater was too small for the substrate area and that the failure to uniformly heat the substrate resulted in an inplane temperature distribution greater than expected. The furnace was modified in a minor way to narrow substrate temperature distribution as much as possible. Another attempt was made to fabricate a larger-area film on a 5cm square substrate, and then crystals grew to cover approximately the whole surface of the 5cm square substrate. Efforts will continue to achieve the goal. As for the mechanism of film fabrication on substrates of different kinds, self-coating is now described by difference in heat conductivity between a carbon substrate and silicon substrate. Thanks to individual control in a small film fabricating unit, a film thickness of approximately 100 micrometers was achieved. The distance of diffusion was 30 micrometers or more in the case of a small area, and the efficiency of a solar cell using this film was found at 10.2%. (NEDO)

Development of practical application technology for photovoltaic power generation systems in fiscal 1997. Development of technologies to manufacture thin film solar cells, development of technologies to manufacture low-cost large-area modules (dissolution and deposition process); 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (yokai sekishutsuho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Research and development was performed by noticing on the plasma spraying method as a process that can manufacture thin poly-crystalline silicon films at a high speed. Fiscal 1997 has established a technology that can form a silicon film directly without using seed crystals in an area of 2-cm square on a carbon supported substrate by using a small film manufacturing equipment using the dissolution and deposition process. The size of the crystal is as very large as several hundred {mu}m, by which a possibility of making high-performance solar cells was verified. Discussions were given to apply this technology to large-area substrates, whereas a device was developed, which is capable of forming a film in an area corresponding to 10-cm square. According to a film forming experiment using this device, the film has begun being formed on part of a 10-cm square substrate, verifying the effectiveness of this method. While the film thickness is about 100 {mu}m, it was confirmed that the crystal size will not change even if the thickness is made mechanically as thin as about 50 {mu}m. Further discussions were given on enhancement of wettability by means of coating, and light enclosing structure. (NEDO)

Character of photovoltaic/thermal hybrid collector. Character analysis by numerical calculation; Taiyoko netsu hybrid collector no tokusei. Suchi keisan ni yoru tokusei kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morita, Y; Iwawaki, T; Fujisawa, T; Tani, T [Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

In order to investigate characteristics of photovoltaic (PV)/thermal hybrid collectors (PV/T{sub s}) operating under varying conditions, energy equilibrium equations have been developed for numerical calculation, and the calculated results were compared with the observed ones. The calculated characteristics are close to the observed ones, both for photoelectric conversion and heat collecting characteristics, demonstrating validity of these energy equations. It is found, by comparing characteristics of PV/T{sub A} (covered with glass) with those of PV/T{sub B} (not covered with glass), that these characteristics are greatly affected by glass cover. Maximum overall excergy levels attained are 13.29% with PV/T{sub A} and 11.48% with PV/T{sub B} under the conditions of solar radiation intensity H: 800W/m{sup 2}, ambient temperature: 20degC and wind velocity: 0.5m/s, where flow rates of heat medium are 2.0times10{sup -3} and 4.0times10{sup -3}kg/s, respectively. Thus, the PV/T{sub A} system has a higher maximum excergy efficiency than the PV/T{sub B} system. The PV/T{sub A} gives water of higher temperature, demonstrating that covering the system with glass increases maximum excergy efficiency and optimum temperature. 6 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

Development of hot water utilizing power plant in fiscal 1999. Development of binary cycle power plant (Development of 10-MW class plant); 1999 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant to kaihatsu. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (10MW kyu plant no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to utilize effectively middle to high temperature hot water type geothermal resources, R and D has been performed on a downhole pump-applied binary cycle power plant which exchanges heat energy with a secondary media in a heat exchanger, and generates electric power. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. This fiscal year has installed an operation control device and made partial modification therein for the hot water system testing device installed in the previous fiscal year, which was followed by test operation. Having been performed in addition were the installation of cooling water collection pumps, improvement of water storage tanks, modification of piping for injection of downhole pump cooling water, inspection of high-temperature cooling device and low-temperature cooling device, and discussions on deposits onto the downhole pumps. Furthermore, an environmental impact survey has performed measurements of precipitation, river flow rates, thermal spring, spring water, noise, and groundwater fluctuation. A survey was also carried out on transplantation of precious plants. In the single and overall test operation of the hot water system testing device, normal operation was identified. However, the operation had to be suspended because of a trouble in the downhole pump. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 report on the development of high-efficiency refuse-fueled power generation technology; Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu 2000 nendo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Efforts were made to develop a refuse gasification/fusion power generation technology to contribute to the effective utilization of unexploited energy and to reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Developed in the technology of elevating steam temperature were the evaluation of high-temperature corrosion of SH materials and a high temperature dust removing system, dechlorination technology for the thermolysis process, and a ceramic-made high-temperature air heater. For the avoidance of exhaust gas reheating, development was carried out for a low-temperature denitration unit, stable refuse feeding system for reduction in the self-heat melting critical calorific value, waste plastic injection technology for reduction in the amount of external fuel injection, and so forth. The effect of the developed element technologies were evaluated and a detailed feasibility study was conducted for a refuse gas conversion power generation system using gas engine power generation for minor-scale general waste treatment facilities. In the survey of the trend of refuse-fueled power generation technologies, trend in Japan and advanced refuse-fueled power generation systems and their introduction in Europe and America were investigated. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for fiscal 2000. Development of photovoltaic power system commercialization technology (Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology - Surveys and studies of peripheral key technologies/Surveys of environmentally-friendliness enhancement for next-generation solar cell development); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (Shuhen yoso gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu chosa, Jisedai taiyodenchi kaihatsu kankyo tekioka chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Though the trends of solar cell development are becoming increasingly diverse across the world, yet none has emerged to promise a stable solar cell supply in the future. Under the circumstances, studies were conducted to clarify strategies for solar cell technology development which would be well adapted to Japan's social environments, with the trends of development in the United States and European countries taken into consideration. The surveys covered the research and development and diffusion of photovoltaic power generation in the United States and European countries, and their solar cell research and development strategies and trends of development were put together. Surveys were also conducted into the research and development of unconventional types of solar cells, such as the dye-sensitized solar cell, organic solar cell, conjugate polymer solar cell, and the polymer/C{sub 60} based solar cell, and into the status of resources of materials for solar cells such as gallium, arsenic, cadmium, tellurium, indium, selenium, and germanium. Regarding the future of photovoltaic power generation research and development, it was concluded that commercialization technology development and basic research and development should continue. Also pointed out was the importance of the enlargement of the market for photovoltaic power generation systems. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for fiscal 2000. Development of photovoltaic power system commercialization technology (Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology - Surveys and studies of peripheral key technologies/Surveys of environmentally-friendliness enhancement for next-generation solar cell development); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (Shuhen yoso gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu chosa, Jisedai taiyodenchi kaihatsu kankyo tekioka chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Though the trends of solar cell development are becoming increasingly diverse across the world, yet none has emerged to promise a stable solar cell supply in the future. Under the circumstances, studies were conducted to clarify strategies for solar cell technology development which would be well adapted to Japan's social environments, with the trends of development in the United States and European countries taken into consideration. The surveys covered the research and development and diffusion of photovoltaic power generation in the United States and European countries, and their solar cell research and development strategies and trends of development were put together. Surveys were also conducted into the research and development of unconventional types of solar cells, such as the dye-sensitized solar cell, organic solar cell, conjugate polymer solar cell, and the polymer/C{sub 60} based solar cell, and into the status of resources of materials for solar cells such as gallium, arsenic, cadmium, tellurium, indium, selenium, and germanium. Regarding the future of photovoltaic power generation research and development, it was concluded that commercialization technology development and basic research and development should continue. Also pointed out was the importance of the enlargement of the market for photovoltaic power generation systems. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997. Technological development for practical application of a solar energy power generation system/development of technology to manufacture thin film solar cells (development of technology to manufacture materials and substrates (development of technology to manufacture high-quality amorphous materials and substrates)); 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, zairyo kiban seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (kohinshitsu amorphous kei zairyo kiban no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

These technological developments are intended to develop technologies to manufacture with improved quality the silicon-based thin film solar cells. In order to analyze manufacturing conditions for micro crystal silicon thin films as the narrow-gap amorphous silicon-based films, films were manufactured in the vicinity of borders of amorphous/micro crystal silicon film manufacturing conditions. The present film manufacturing did not present effects of suppressing deterioration of hydrogen diluted light. In order to elucidate the light deterioration mechanism in hydrogenated amorphous silicon films and study the suppression thereof, discussions were given on impurities in the film, including oxygen. By using an ultra high vacuum plasma CVD having a thoroughgoing baking system, an oil-free exhaust mechanism, and a raw material gas refining mechanism, impurities were added to and removed from a reaction vessel, and an ultra-high purity Si:H film was manufactured, which has been removed of impurities from the raw material gas, resulting in reduction of O, C and N standing no comparison. According to the result of a light irradiation experiment on an ultra-high purity film obtained under an accelerated deteriorating condition by using a pulse laser, the model assuming the light induced defect and the pair of impure atoms has been denied. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2001 photovoltaic power generation field test project (Locations of systems installed in fiscal 1998-2000 at public facilities and industries); 2001 nendo taiyoko field test jigyo (Kokyo shisetsuyou sangyo tou you 1998 - 2000 nendo secchisha)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-05-01

The test was conducted for systems installed at General Health and Welfare Center, Munakata City, Fukuoka Prefecture; Comprehensive Traffic Center, Yamaguchi Prefecture; Primary schools, Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture; Sakuragi Children's House, Shizuoka Prefecture; Midorigaoka Primary School, Hyogo Prefecture; Heath Center, Minamata City, Kumamoto Prefecture; Science Museum for Young People, Yamaguchi Prefecture; Wakatsuki Plastic Surgery Hospital, Niigata Prefecture; Hokuto Corporation, Aichi Prefecture; Industrial Research Institute, Ishikawa Prefecture; Shonan Institute of Technology, Kanagawa Prefecture; Gyosen Oil Co., Tokyo; Tamana Senior High School, Kumamoto Prefecture; Yukiyoshi Clinic, Niigata Prefecture; Saishoen Social Welfare Corporation; Akishimadai Kindergarten; Azabu Veterinarian School Group; Ueki-Kita Junior High School, Ueki Town; Garden of Longevity, Isen Town; Takamatsu Primary School, Takamatsu Town; Himeji Red Cross Hospital; and Kita-Daito Island Branch, Okinawa Electric Power Company, Inc. Mentioned in this report are the outlines of the photovoltaic power generation field test, the results of joint research, expected technical effect, enlightening effect, troubles involving power generation systems, and so forth. (NEDO)

Summary of results of research on magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) generation in fiscal 1977; 1977 nendo denji ryutai (MHD) hatsuden kenkyu seika gaiyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-08-01

This is the summary of results of the research on MHD generation in fiscal 1977. In the experimental studies on MHD generators using a copper/iron magnet, the combustor of the Mark 7 generator was manufactured and installed, as were the supply systems of fuel, oxygen, air, seed, sulfur dioxide, cooling water, etc., respectively of the Mark 7 generator based on the design implemented in the previous year. In the studies on element technologies, various tests were performed, namely, immersion tests by K{sub 2}SO{sub 4} solution for electrode materials; tests of corrosion resistance, thermal shock resistance, and compatibility with electrode materials, for insulation wall materials; and material selection tests, based on a dynamic state, for consumption quantity and distribution, surface temperature and heat flow, measurement of arc spot generating critical current and electrode lowering voltage, etc.. In the research on the MHD generation system, examinations were carried out on the position of MHD generation as a total system, as well as on a system of a practical plant, MHD generation for peak load, superconducting magnet, etc. In addition, examinations were also conducted on the Mark 7 calculation, Mark 8 plan, surveys on overseas trend, etc. (NEDO)

Experience with a biomass-fuelled power plant in Peru. Peru kokunai no biomass nenryoka no hatsuden plant no keiken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1992-11-01

This paper describes the result of operating a 25-kW biomass-fuelled power plant for 500 hours installed for people in a small village in jungle along the Amazon basin in Peru. The gasifier plant consists of two invert type gas combustors combined with series cyclone dryer filters. Filtration used activated carbons and cotton cloths. The fuel for the plant is wood chips containing water at 5.5% to 11% with calorific power of 20 mJ/kg, consumed at 2.0 kg of lumber per kWh (25 kWh). A gas analysis showed values of CO2 at 13%, CO at 14%, H2 at 18%, CH4 at 3%, and N2 at 52%. Because the fuel of wood chips may cause problems if the size is too large, a size of about 10[times]20[times]30 mm was selected finally. Pressure drop in the gas purifying system was measured using a manometer, which verified that a textile filtering material can be used. The gasoline engine rotation was fixed at 2700 rpm upon discussions. The gasoline engine had no need of modification except at a pipe to the carburetor. This system can be installed at any small village. 1 ref., 1 fig.

Fiscal 1998 research report on application technology of molecular assemblies for a functional protein system (Development of advanced maintenance technology for power plants); 1998 nendo kinosei tanpakushitsu shugotai oyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu. Hatsuden shisetsuyo kokino mentenansu gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Basic research was made on engineering reappearance and industrial use of the complex function of molecular assemblies for a functional protein system of organisms. In research on a light controllable reaction system by physicochemical technique, construction of a light controllable bioreactor is in promotion. In research on a light controllable reaction system by biochemical technique, researches are in promotion on structure and correlation analysis of photosynthetic protein complex, stabilization of an activity, and conversion of light energy to membrane transport energy using cyanobacteria as material. In research on a molecular recognition controllable reaction system in a fine membrane region, correlation analysis of the structure and function of glutamine receptor channels is in promotion. In addition, researches were made on reconstitution of endocytic micromachinery, a multi-enzyme system for synthesis of glycosphingolipids, a complex redox system by genetic engineering technique, and application technology of molecular assemblies for a functional protein system. (NEDO)

Development of hot water utilizing power plant in fiscal 1998. Development of a binary cycle power generation plant (development of a 10-MW class plant); 1998 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant nado kaihatsu. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (10MW kyu plant no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1998 on developing a 10-MW geothermal power plant in the Hohi-Sugawara area being a representative area of middle-to-high temperature hot water resources. In designing the plant, domestic and overseas surveys were carried out on media suitable for binary cycle power plants, thermal cycle characteristics, construction cost, environmental effects, safety, operation, maintenance and control. Latest technologies were also surveyed and analyzed. The plant construction performed development construction around the testing devices, new construction of a plant control room building, constructions for installing electrical machines including the hot water system testing devices, river water intake facility construction, and cooling water intake facility installing construction. The environmental effect investigation included investigations on rain falls, river flow rates, hot springs, spring water, monitoring during the construction, and the state of transplantation of precious plants, and observation on groundwater variation. In verifying the geothermal water pumping system, factory tests were carried out on DHP3 demonstration machine which couples the pump section of a down-hole pump with the motor section, whose performance and functions were verified. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1975 in Sunshine Project. Feasibility study on a volcanic electric power generation system; 1975 nendo kazan hatsuden hoshiki ni kansuru feasibility study seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-03-01

The survey and study activities in the second year for the feasibility study (FS) on a volcanic electric power generation system consist of the following three parts: Part I, the case study on Satsuma Iojima Island, Part II, case study on Toyohane Mine, and Part III, FS on remote measurement of volcanic fume. The Part I, which has been performed subsequently from the previous fiscal year, has carried out the following surveys at different sites: meteorological, hydrological and underground water surveys, natural earthquake survey, fume and hot spring surveys (on-shore and off-shore), heat dissipation survey, tide level survey, underground structure survey (electric exploration), natural environment (vegetation) survey, thermal image survey, and social environment survey. The part II has begun surveys starting this fiscal year, because a considerable number of high temperature portions are already known to exist in the gallery, where there is a possibility of dry and hot rocks to exist without relationship with the present volcanic activities. This fiscal year has carried out mainly putting into order and analyzing the materials having been obtained in association with mine developments. The part III has been performed succeeding the 'FS on technologies to measure volcanic fume energy' done by the Japan Mining Industry Association. Some experiments were also executed at the Aso volcano. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1975 in Sunshine Project. Feasibility study on a volcanic electric power generation system; 1975 nendo kazan hatsuden hoshiki ni kansuru feasibility study seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-03-01

The survey and study activities in the second year for the feasibility study (FS) on a volcanic electric power generation system consist of the following three parts: Part I, the case study on Satsuma Iojima Island, Part II, case study on Toyohane Mine, and Part III, FS on remote measurement of volcanic fume. The Part I, which has been performed subsequently from the previous fiscal year, has carried out the following surveys at different sites: meteorological, hydrological and underground water surveys, natural earthquake survey, fume and hot spring surveys (on-shore and off-shore), heat dissipation survey, tide level survey, underground structure survey (electric exploration), natural environment (vegetation) survey, thermal image survey, and social environment survey. The part II has begun surveys starting this fiscal year, because a considerable number of high temperature portions are already known to exist in the gallery, where there is a possibility of dry and hot rocks to exist without relationship with the present volcanic activities. This fiscal year has carried out mainly putting into order and analyzing the materials having been obtained in association with mine developments. The part III has been performed succeeding the 'FS on technologies to measure volcanic fume energy' done by the Japan Mining Industry Association. Some experiments were also executed at the Aso volcano. (NEDO)

Indices for planning wind power generation; Furyoku hatsuden no keikaku shihyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takeuchi, H

1997-11-25

Outlined herein are status of wind power generation development, indices for planning development, and actual development results. At present, wind power generates electric power of 6,781MW worldwide. USA has been rapidly developing wind power generation since enactment of the PURPA law, and accounted for 25% of the world output in the past. However, the county is recently unseated from the world top position by Germany, which has been extensively developing wind power generation since enactment of the EFL law to reach 1,799MW. In Japan, electric power companies, local governments and public institutions have been positively introducing wind mills since 1992, when Tohoku Electric Power Co. built Ryuhi Wind Park, now generating a total power of 15MW by 64 units located at 33 different points. According to the surveys by NEDO on wind conditions, there are a number of districts suited for wind mills in Hokkaido, Tohoku, Okinawa and sea areas in Honshu. The indices described herein for planning wind power generation include rotor diameter, tower height, speed of rotation, weight, power to be generated, utilization and service factors, noise level, and investment and running costs. In the present state of the development of wind power generation in Japan, development points are 33, generated ouptut 15,097kW and units 64. 14 figs.

FY 1979 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Fabrication designs for a solar thermal power pilot plant with curved-surface type light-collecting system (Part 2); 1979 nendo taiyonetsu hatsuden (kyokumen shuko hoshiki) seika hokokusho. 2. Pilot plant no seisaku sekkei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

Part 1 of this report (JN0040511) describes basic and fabrication design specifications for operation and control of a solar thermal power pilot plant with curved-surface type light-collecting system, centered by computer for the plant control. Part 2 follows Part 1, which describes basic fabrication design specifications (Chapter I), system design specifications (Chapter II), hardware specifications (Chapter III) and attachments (Chapter IV), to contain the other attachments: daily processing specifications, computer-aided processing function specifications, operator request function specifications, summary data collection function specifications, basic structures of the software systems, basic specifications for computer inputting/outputting, failure display panel drawings, COD/channel base dimension drawings, console inputting/outputting dimension drawings, T/W disc dimension drawings, viewer external dimension drawings, cassette MT structure dimension drawings, operator console panel drawings, power source panel dimension drawings, program specifications GFC, 4 subroutine specifications GFC (R sub), table list, table structure drawings, and analysis of system characteristics (light- and heat-collection system simulation). (NEDO)

FY 1992 report on the results of the demonstration test on the methanol conversion at oil-fired power plant. Demonstration test on a methanol reformation type power generation total system; 1992 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken. Metanoru kaishitsu gata hatsuden total system jissho shiken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-03-01

For the promotion of introduction of methanol to oil-fired power plant, based on the results of the element study, operational study was conducted of a 1,000kW class total system plant for which each of the elements was combined, and the FY 1992 results were summarized. In the operational study, data on various kinds of operational study were sampled of each of the simple cycle/regeneration cycle of liquid methanol and simple cycle/regeneration cycle of gas methanol. As to the reformed gas/water injection/regeneration cycle, all functions as a total system plant worked normally, and it was confirmed that the reformed gas/water injection/regeneration cycle operation could be made possible. Besides, the following were conducted: confirmation test on the performance of the developmental catalyst used in the operational study by bench-scale test device, trial operation for adjustment of gas turbine and combustion study such as the performance test in each cycle, manufacture/study of catalyst for the total system, study for longevity of catalyst for the total system, etc. (NEDO)

Energy supply/demand structure development survey project / comprehensive survey on energy supply/demand development. FY1997 survey on techniques for pyroelectric power generation systems; Energy jukyu kozo kodoka chosa jigyo / energy jukyu kodoka sogo chosa. 1997 nendo shoden hatsuden system no gijutsu chosa seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-05-01

Pyroelectric conversion systems were surveyed as the techniques for effective utilization of low-temperature waste heat sources. Described herein are the principle of pyroelectric power generation, including pyroelectric phenomenon, origin of pyroelectricity in polymers, and pyroelectric polymers and copolymers; utilization of the pyroelectric phenomenon, including hysteresis of pyroelectric materials, general pyroelectric conversion principle, pyroelectric conversion cycle, analysis of power output by an Olsen cycle, comparison with a steam engine, and power outputting methods; pyroelectric conversion systems, including heat regeneration method, plate type pyroelectric conversion devices using the heat regeneration method, and voltage controlling methods; and pyroelectric conversion outputting, including calculations of power output and loss, conduction-caused loss, pumping loss, and pyroelectric converter efficiency. Other items described herein include conceptual designs of 1 and 100 kW pyroelectric converters for utilization of waste heat, and current status of pyroelectric converter development at CANMET Energy Technology Center. (NEDO)

Improvement of the efficiency characteristics on the photovoltaic generation system based on a generation control circuit. Part 3. Research on architectural systematization of energy conversion devices; Dosaten seigyo kairo wo mochiita taiyo denchi hatsuden koritsu no kaizen. 3. Energy henkan no kenchiku system ka ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimizu, T.; Ito, N.; Kimura, G.; Fukao, S.; Sunaga, N.; Tsunoda, M.; Muro, K. [Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

In introducing a photovoltaic power generation system to urban homes, the general practice is to install a large number of solar cell panels on the roof. However, as is often the case, a part of the solar cell panels is in the shadows (partial shadows) of neighboring homes, electric poles, cables and trees. Under the circumstances, studies were made on the numerous changes in the lowered generating capacity of individual solar cells by the partial shadows. Developed by the authors were the generation point control principle, in which the generation point was individually controlled on serially connected plural solar cell modules, and a practical circuit system based on that principle with the effects verified in a field test. In the test, the generated power of the system was 476W without partial shadows, and was 323W with partial shadows and without the operation of the generation point control circuit, increasing to 406W with partial shadows and with the operation of the circuit. As a result, compared with the case where no generation point control circuit was employed, the effectiveness of the proposed circuit was evident. 3 refs., 10 figs., 1 tab.

Report on the results of the FY 1999 R and D of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Development of the power system technology (Development of high voltage several 10 kW class dispersed generation system); 1999 nendo kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Hatsuden system gijutsu no kaihatsu (koden'atsugata suju kW kyu bunsan dengen system no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The paper described the results of the FY 1999 development of polymer electrolyte fuel cell and several 10 kW class dispersed generation system. The humidification of the cell body is the internal humidification method in which water is directly supplied to cell, which makes the cell life long. The cooling using latent heat of vaporization of the water supplied makes the temperature distribution inside the cell face homogeneous. In the test for long life, the system was stably operated at voltage lowering speed of 11mV/1000h. The optimization of water supply structure in the stack increases the latent heat cooling amount and makes the temperature distribution inside the cell face homogeneous. The reduction of CO concentration in reformed gas is extremely important for improvement of cell performance and long-term stabilization of cell voltage. By the two-stage structure selective oxidation device, the CO concentration at inlet, 5,000 ppm, can be reduced to below 10 ppm at outlet. In the demonstrative experiment on the several 10 kW class dispersed generation system, efforts for reduction in size of structural equipment and package were made, and a possible size of 200*150*180cm was obtained. Based on the chart of 30kW class system flow, the heat material balance was analyzed, and the power generation efficiency of 40% at a.c. sending end and overall efficiency of 80% were confirmed. (NEDO)

Outline of fiscal 1970 achievements in research on MHD power generation; 1970 nendo MHD hatsuden kenkyu seika gaiyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1970-07-01

Compiled are the results of studies conducted in fiscal 1970 on MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) power generation. In the operation test and modification of the 1000kW-class MHD power generator, modification is carried out involving the combustion system, seed collecting method, and power generation channel, and reviews through experiments are conducted about the analysis and control of the boundary layer structure. In the operation test of the MHD power generator designed for prolonged operation, a test operation for resistance to heat and seeds continues more than 100 hours using a cold wall type power generation channel constituted of water cooled ceramics, and the ceramics are analyzed for failure and loss. Studies are also conducted involving MHD power generator heat exchangers, seed collecting methods, electrode materials for MHD power generators, heat-resistant materials for MHD power generators, thermal performance rating for MHD power plants, etc. In the research and development of superconductive electromagnets, superconductive electromagnets are developed and tested for 1000kW-class MHD power generators, and studies are conducted on turbine type helium liquefiers, superinsulated superconductive electromagnetic field generators, etc. (NEDO)

Analysis and evaluation for practical application of photovoltaic power generation system. Analysis and evaluation for thin substrate polycrystalline solar cells (alloy-base amorphous materials, PIN layers, strains in the interface, and effects of impurities); Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka. Usumaku taiyo denchi jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka (gokinkei amorphous zairyo pin kakuso kaimen ni okeru yugami fujunbutsu nado no eikyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsuda, A; Oeda, H; Yamasaki, S; Hata, N; Kondo, M; Toshima, Y; Sakata, I; Ganguly, G; Suzuki, A; Kamei, T; Okushi, H; Nonaka, H; Oda, N; Katagiri, H; Ichimura, N; Kokubu, K; Nakamura, K; Sekikawa, T; Yamanaka, M [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for analysis and evaluation for thin film solar cells. The study on quantitative analysis of hydrogen atoms in a plasma determines quantity of hydrogen atoms in the plasma of monosilane diluted with hydrogen. It is found, contrary to expectation, that quantity of hydrogen atoms in the plasma decreases as it is more diluted with hydrogen. The study on light-induced degradation of the thin chlorine-base amorphous silicon films confirms that the plasma CVD method with 20% of dichlorosilane gas added to monosilane gas produces the thin amorphous silicon film 3 times faster than the conventional method. The thin film has essentially the same defect density as the one prepared by the conventional method, showing good photoelectric characteristics. The thin film of chlorinated amorphous silicon has a 1 digit lower defect density than the conventional one of amorphous silicon, as revealed by the accelerated degradation test with irradiated laser light and the constant current method to determine saturated defect density. 3 figs.

Analysis and evaluation for practical application of photovoltaic power generation system. Analysis and evaluation for development of extra-high efficiency solar cells (fundamental research on extra-high efficiency III-V compound semiconductor tandem solar cells); Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka no tame no kaiseki hyoka. Chokokoritsu taiyo denchi no gijutsu kaihatsu no tame no kaiseki hyoka (chokokoritsu III-V zoku kagobutsu taiyo denchi gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sekikawa, T; Kawanami, H; Sakata, I; Nagai, K; Matsumoto, K; Miki, K [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for development of extra-high efficiency III-V compound semiconductor tandem solar cells. Heteroepitaxial structures of compound semiconductors, such as GaAs, on silicon substrates are analyzed and evaluated by EXAFS, Raman and RHEED for the initial stage of the film growth and heterointerfaces. The device capable of in-situ observation of the growing surface structures during the period of heteroepitaxial film growth is introduced, to investigate the effects of rise-up and initial growth conditions on defects. The effects of atomic hydrogen on growth of a GaAs film on a silicon substrate are investigated from photoluminescence and solar cell characteristics, to confirm the effects of reducing defects. Heteroepitaxial growth of InGaP, which has the optimum band width for forming multi-junction silicon solar cells, on a silicon substrate is investigated, to find that an interfacial buffer layer is necessary to form a good film. 2 figs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 on Sunshine Program research and development of photovoltaic power systems. Research and development of amorphous solar cells (Research and development of high-quality amorphous silicon film formation technologies using plasma separation); 1981 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Amorphous taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (plasma bunri ni yoru kohinshitsu amorphous silicon maku seimaku gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

When discharge plasma is applied for film formation, ions affect the quality of the resultant film. In the case of plasma CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method, there exists correspondence between the radicals ratio SiH/H and solar cell conversion efficiency, and plasma measurement may be used for the control of film formation conditions. The state of distribution of radicals in discharge plasma is dependent on the type of radicals, and there is an optimum substrate position. Photoelectric characteristics are improved when a grid electrode is used for plasma separation. The surface of a transparent conductive film (ITO: indium-tin oxide) to be the substrate for film formation needs to be flat, and part of its Si is oxidized into SiO{sub 2} by generated oxygen. An ITO film coated by chemically stable SnO{sub 2} is useful. When the ion plating method is employed, film formation conditions are first selected, and then, in a heat treatment to follow, resistance films of various surface conditions are obtained. Carbon-added a-Si film formation conditions and the relationship between film qualities and solar cell characteristics are elucidated. In a solar cell of the p-i-n structure with an a-Si:C:H film acting as the p-layer, a conversion efficiency of 7.6% is achieved. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on development of technologies for practical photovoltaic system under New Sunshine Program. Manufacture of thin-film solar cell and of low-cost/large-area module (Formation of low-temperature film); 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usukau taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (teion maku keisei gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

A polycrystalline Si thin film formation technology is developed, which uses the flux process in which a reaction occurs between the target crystal and a flux component which is eutectic. Using this process, a crystal grain relatively large in diameter is obtained at a relatively low temperature. This method is now attracting attention as one of the technologies for producing crystalline Si film for use in thin-film polycrystalline Si solar cells. Especially when Al is used for flux, since Al is automatically doped into the target crystalline Si film, it is expected that the resulting film will serve as the ground for a photoactive layer provided with the BSF (back surface field) function which is important for the improvement of solar cell efficiency. A polycrystalline Si thin film is formed on a 2cm times 2cm-large glass substrate at a temperature not higher than 600 degrees C. It is recognized that films selectively oriented towards the (111) or (100) plane are acquired when other processes are employed. It is expected that the said Al-doped film provides a ground on which a BSF function-provided photoactive layer will be formed. (NEDO)

Environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community development project. Feasibility study for industrialization of high efficiency waste-fired power generation system using general RDF; Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin. Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden (ippainado RDF riyo) jigyoka FS chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The refuse-derived fuel (RDF) has been holding public attention not only as the energy resource of stable high calorific value for local energy development, but also as the effective method for waste treatment. As one of the effective utilization methods for waste treatment, this investigation was conducted to industrialize and establish the RDF power generation system, in which power generation and ash treatment are integrated in Tochigi Prefecture which is located inland. The base supply type was adopted as a way of operation from the menu of the electricity wholesale project of Tokyo Electric Power Co. and its rate of operation is 80 percent a year. Then, the fluidized bed combustion method, a dry exhaust gas treatment method, and continuous electric melting furnaces were decided as the RDF power generation system. According to this system, it is possible to obtain 26 percent gross thermal efficiency by conventional generation facilities. It was estimated that the expenses reduction for 15 years will be 17.6 billion yen compared with the ordinary combustion system. Also, the following effects can be expected; the reduction of CO2 emission, improvement of energy efficiency, and the extension of life of landfills capacity. 36 figs., 51 tabs.

1998 Annual Study Report. Research and development of solid polymer type fuel cells (Development of techniques for power generation systems and several tens kW class, distributed power source systems); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden system gijutsu no kaihatsu / koden'atsugata su 10kW kyu bunsan dengen system no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The cells are tested using a CO-containing synthetic reforming gas in 1998, to verify the long-term characteristics of the solid polymer type fuel cells. The cells, equipped with the anode catalyst developed therefor, are tested for extended periods, to confirm the performance and stability in the synthetic gas flow. For development of the catalyst, the optimum content of Ru in the Pt and Ru alloy composition is determined. For the cell tests, the single- and 3-cell units are tested for extended periods. For verification of commercial viability of the stacked cell systems, the cell-humidifying techniques are developed, which can uniformly humidify each cell in the stacked unit with a number of cells, after investigating the effects of temporal changes in water permeability, pretreatment conditions and film thickness. These techniques are used to develop and operate a 10kW, stacked cell unit, which successfully generates power of 10.6 kW at the rated current density, exceeding the target of 10 kW. For development of design bases for compact fuel treatment system, the techniques which allow reduction of CO concentration to 10 ppm or less at high repeatability are developed. (NEDO)

1998 Annual Study Report. Research and development of solid polymer type fuel cells (Development of techniques for power generation systems and several tens kW class, distributed power source systems); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden system gijutsu no kaihatsu / koden'atsugata su 10kW kyu bunsan dengen system no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The cells are tested using a CO-containing synthetic reforming gas in 1998, to verify the long-term characteristics of the solid polymer type fuel cells. The cells, equipped with the anode catalyst developed therefor, are tested for extended periods, to confirm the performance and stability in the synthetic gas flow. For development of the catalyst, the optimum content of Ru in the Pt and Ru alloy composition is determined. For the cell tests, the single- and 3-cell units are tested for extended periods. For verification of commercial viability of the stacked cell systems, the cell-humidifying techniques are developed, which can uniformly humidify each cell in the stacked unit with a number of cells, after investigating the effects of temporal changes in water permeability, pretreatment conditions and film thickness. These techniques are used to develop and operate a 10kW, stacked cell unit, which successfully generates power of 10.6 kW at the rated current density, exceeding the target of 10 kW. For development of design bases for compact fuel treatment system, the techniques which allow reduction of CO concentration to 10 ppm or less at high repeatability are developed. (NEDO)

Exergetic evaluation on photovoltaic/thermal hybrid panel; Taiyoko netsu hybrid panel no exergy hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iwaki, H; Morita, Y; Fujisawa, T; Tani, T [Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

The photovoltaic/thermal hybrid panel (PV/T) is an energy converter that was designed for the composite use of electricity and heat. In this paper, the validity of PV/T designed for trial was evaluated based on an exergetic theory. As the result of an experiment, the electric exergetic value of PV/T and PV is each 65.8 kWh/m{sup 2} and 58.6 kWh/m{sup 2}. The former is higher than the latter by 11.2%. The total exergetic value of PV/T is also 1.2 and 8.2 times as high as those of a PV and solar collector (SC), respectively. The calculation result of the optimum temperature operation showed that the exergetic value of PV/T is 3.1 times as high as the electric exergetic value. Therefore, the operation must be performed with the electric and thermal exergetic values set in a ratio of 3.1 to 1. In this paper, the operating mode is handled in which importance was more attached to the electric exergy than the thermal exergy. The flow rate of a heating medium on PV/T is not thus the flow control that maximizes the PV/T exergy. In the future, studies including these points will be promoted. 7 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.

Research report for fiscal 1995 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology. Evaluation on durability of device installed with inverter to protect grid connection; 1995 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka - Inbata tsuki keito renkei hogo sochi no taikyusei hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Discussions and evaluations have been performed on the safety and durability of the device installed with inverter to protect grid connection being an important device in the photovoltaic power generation system. In discussing the durability test items, electrical property changes were observed on AC overvoltage, AC undervoltage, frequency rise, and frequency fall, as the continuation from the previous fiscal year, in order to evaluate temperature rise in different parts due to lapse of operation time and the effects of thermal stress in each component on the stress of the entire product. Furthermore, verification of single operation detecting function, tests on sudden input power change, sudden grid voltage change, and measurement of conductive high frequency terminal voltage were conducted in addition to the above observations. In discussing the durability test methods, repetition of operation and shutdown during the rated operation was adopted in place of the simulated operation using variation in the insolation having been discussed in the previous year. As a result of the tests, no noticeable changes were recognized from the evaluation result after a lapse of 5,000 hours from the start of the operation, as compared to those after the aging operation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 development of the geothermal water use power plant, etc. Development of the binary cycle power plant (10MW class plant); 1997 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant nado kaihatsu. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (10MW kyu plant no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

A R and D was conducted with the aim of using medium-/high-temperature hot water type geothermal resources. In fiscal 1997, fabrication of geothermal water system testing equipment and geothermal water production/reduction piping installation work were conducted, and an environmental effect survey and ground water variation observation were carried out. Moreover, pumps to pump up geothermal water were fabricated. In the fabrication of a pump for No. 3 demonstration plant, the following improvements were made. Concerning the inlet undersea bearing, the shapes related to it were so reformed that external water feeding in the initial run can be done. Relating to the protection of the thrust bearing half load side friction face, a spring was added to the face so that it was structured to give preload. As a method to install a casing covering board, adopted was a band installation method which is easy in handling. The number of instrumentation cables was reduced. As to cables for downhole pumps, studied were methods of connection, etc. of connection portions of the motor connector and instrumentation cable. Moreover, purifying/regeneration facilities of the downhole pump bearing oil were fabricated and tested. 85 figs., 57 tabs.

Research report for fiscal 1996 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology. Evaluation on durability of device installed with inverter to protect grid connection; 1996 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka - Inbata tsuki keito renkei hogo sochi no taikyusei hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Discussions and evaluations have been performed on the safety and durability of the device installed with inverter to protect grid connection being an important device in the photovoltaic power generation system. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1996. The current fiscal year performed data collection and long-term continuous operation according to the durability test program for the device installed with inverter to protect grid connection, as the continuation from the previous fiscal year. In the electrical characteristics, although no large changes have been found in AC overvoltage and AC undervoltage, instability was observed in the detection level. With regard to temperatures in different components, the temperature rise has become nearly the same as in the maximum output continuous operation as a result of the repetition of the operation and shutdown, whereas the influence on the electrical and thermal stresses have increased. Particularly, when temperature rise in the AC side noise filter was given observation, the measurement of conductive high-frequency terminal voltage showed a value higher by several ten dB than in the previous fiscal year. The current fiscal year has gone farther to starting the measurement of noise electric field intensity as the base of electromagnetic interference. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research report. Revision of introduction guidebook for wind power generation; 1999 nendo furyoku hatsuden donyu guide book no kaitei gyomu chosa hokokusho

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2000-03-01

Expectations are rapidly growing higher in Japan, whose energy supply structure is but fragile, that new energies upon introduction and diffusion will help settle emerging environmental problems such as global warming. For the acceleration of new energy introduction, it is necessary to supply autonomous entities etc. planning to adopt new energies with various materials such as basic knowledge of new energies, cases of successful introduction, and procedures to follow for their adoption. Wind power generation has come to attract attention as a environmentally-friendly clean method of energy supply, and there is a strong tendency towards its adoption. Under such circumstances, a guidebook has been prepared, in which study results are systematically written as to the items to consider before local autonomies etc. install their wind power generation systems. The main items in the guidebook are the outlines of wind power generation, wind characteristics, wind power generation system, precedents of wind power generation, how to conduct studies about wind power generation, construction and maintenance of wind power generation systems, procedures, laws, and regulations relating to wind power generation, and government subsidies for wind power development. (NEDO)

FY 1992 report on the results of the demonstration test on the methanol conversion at oil-fired power plant. Developmental study of a methanol engine system for power generation; 1992 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken. Hatsuden you metanoru enjin system no kaihatsu kenkyu hokokusho

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1993-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the methanol engine technology for promotion of methanol introduction to oil-fired power plant, an experimental study was made, and the FY 1992 results were summarized. In the study of technology development, the following were carried out: evaluation of durability of multi glow plug and development of high-durability glow plug, confirmation of potentiality of the laser ignition system by element evaluation test, evaluation/improvement of durability of the injection system and development of injection pump for the actual machine, trial manufacture of the 2-stage injection system and confirmation of characteristics, study of improvement in ignitability/combustion state by optimization of the temperature of glow plug, compression rate, etc., evaluation of durability of combustion chamber, etc. by the heat load measuring test and heat balance, etc. As a result of the engine test, the pump housing stayed favorable without damage in the use of about 20,000h, plunger assembly did in the use of about 4,500h, and valve assembly did in the use of about 20,000h. As to the manufacture of the actual machine, a prototype was designed/manufactured of a 500kW class direct injection 4 cycle supercharging 6 cylinder methanol engine. (NEDO)

FY 1979 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Fabrication designs for a solar thermal power pilot plant with curved-surface type light-collecting system (Part 1); 1979 nendo taiyonetsu hatsuden (kyokumen shuko hoshiki) seika hokokusho. 1. Pilot plant no seisaku ksekkei

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1980-03-01

This report describes basic and fabrication design specifications for operation and control of a solar thermal power pilot plant with curved-surface type light-collecting system, centered by computer for the plant control. Chapter I, basic fabrication design specifications, describes the general, design specifications and design scope. Chapter II, system design specifications, describes plant operating manuals, computer-aided plant control, computer-aided data processing for plant control, and analysis of system characteristics. Chapter III, hardware specifications, describes the specifications of central processing unit (CPU), fixed head disc device (M DISC), console inputting/outputting device, process inputting/outputting device, logging typewriter, process display (CRT), cassette magnetic tape device, operator console, relay cubicle, power source panel for computer, and hardware lists. Chapter IV, attachments, contains the following documents: plant operating manuals, operation procedure flow charts, control processing specifications, control function specifications, APS console function specifications, computer inputting/outputting point list, and data processing function instructions. The attachment documents are also contained in Part 2 of JN0040512. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Report on results of development of high-efficiency energy system technologies for transportation and domestic use. R and D of polymer electrolyte fuel cells, power system technologies, and several kW class domestic power systems operating at normal pressure; 1999 nendo un'yu minseiyo kokoritsu energy system gijutsu kaihatsu, kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu, hatsuden system gijutsu kaihatsu, joatsu sadogata su kW kyu kateiyo dengen system no kaihatsu

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2000-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1999 results of the research and development project aimed at development of fuel cell systems for power source systems suitable for domestic use. The programs for development of fuel cell body include improvement of the anode forming method for increasing its CO tolerance, enhancing cell performance at 0.5mg-metal/cm{sup 2} as the catalyst quantity to a level almost comparable to that obtainable at 0.9mg-metal/cm{sup 2}. The programs for development of the fuel supply system include studies on endurance of the elements, e.g., starting-up/shutting-down of the Ru/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst, using a microreactor, confirming that it is serviceable for at least 1,000 hours. The natural gas reformer is developed and operated, on a trial basis, achieving stable supply of steam and fuel, and thermal efficiency of 82.7%. The operation researches include development and operation of a 1kW class module, achieving the performance surpassing the FY 1999 targets (average cell voltage: 0.70V, output: 1.27kW) with a simulated reformate gas at an air utilization rate of 20% and current density of 0.3A/cm{sup 2}. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997. Technological development for practical application of a solar energy power generation system/development of technology to manufacture thin film solar cells (development of technology to manufacture applied type thin film solar cells with new construction) (development of technology to manufacture micro light collection type solar cells); 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, oyogata shinkozo usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (micro shukogata taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

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1998-03-01

These technological developments are intended to demonstrate module efficiency of a micro light collection type solar cell of 15% by fiscal 2000, and obtain prospect on the module manufacturing cost of 140 yen per watt. Discussions given during fiscal 1997 are as follows: development has been performed on a design method to decide construction of a non-tracking micro light collection type module; in the state of cells being integrated on the module, the cells are arranged minutely and discretely, whereas, with discussions on a method to form them and assessment of the optical system as the main objective, single crystal silicon solar cells with a size smaller than 5 mm were fabricated on a trial basis; problems of forming micro cells by using the wafer cutting process were clarified; micro cells operating on light collection were fabricated trially to extract technological problems in light collecting operation and discuss technical problems in mass production; and development was performed on an evaluation method to analyze the cells' light collecting operation, and discussions were given on a method to estimate power generation amount from the light collection type modules. (NEDO)

FY 1999 achievement report on the supporting project to form energy/environmental technology verification project - International joint verification research project. Research on the waste-fueled power system using gases emitted from the sanitary landfill in Samarkand city; 1999 nendo Samarkand shi ni okeru umetate gas wo riyoshita gomi hatsuden system no kenkyu

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2000-03-01

In Samarkand city, Uzbekistan, solid waste materials are treated in the sanitary landfill. However, requests were made from the Minister of Communal Services for the construction of power system as a part of the effective waste utilization and the study of the integrated waste collection system enabling the construction of a power system. There is only one waste dumping site in Samarkand city. That started to be used in the beginning of the 1970s. That was planned to be closed in 2000, but is now planned to used till 2005. Therefore, it is urgent to reduce the volume of waste. The incineration of waste is the most suitable for it. In the study of a power system by using waste effectively, it is important to efficiently recover the methane gas emitted from the waste dumping site, to study the adoption of the repowering system using the combustion gas of methane gas for increasing the generated output of waste-fueled power generation facilities, and to heighten the low power generation efficiency. This study includes the survey of the waste discharge amount/composition/heating value, collection of the data on waste collection, and sampling/analysis of gases emitted from the dumping site. The paper reported on the proposals. (NEDO)

Data book on new energy technology in FY 1997. Wind power generation; Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa. Furyoku hatsuden

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1998-03-01

It is an urgent necessity for Japan to promote the technological development and accelerate the introduction and diffusion of new energy. In order to diffuse and enlighten the introduction of new energy technology efficiently, it is necessary to compile various information regarding new energy in a comprehensive and systematic way, and formulate a database. Aiming at the systematic formulation of data on new energy, this survey focuses on the field of wind power generation system (WPS) and provides a collection of the latest published data on WPS, particularly regarding the worldwide installed wind power capacity, support plan and government policies, current situations of WPS market, and major technical characteristics of typical wind turbines. This report consists of the significance of wind energy, world market of wind turbines, government policies, international wind energy development, subsidies for wind energy, procedures of wind turbine system installation, governmental measures for wind energy development, subsidiary companies and organizations, basis of wind energy, and Japan`s wind energy development in 1997

FY 1998 Report on development of large-scale wind power generation systems. Feasibility study on development of new technologies for wind power generation, and study on local wind resource prediction model; 1998 nendo ogata furyoku hatsuden system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Furyoku hatsuden shingijutsu kaihatsu kanosei chosa (kyokusho fukyo yosoku shuho ni kansuru chosa)

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1999-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1998 results of the study on local wind resource prediction model. The local wind resource prediction models developed so far apply the solutions based on the existing linear models (WASP and AVENU) for relatively flat terrain. These models are studied for their applicability limits. The study covers wind direction and speed patterns of the surface wind and upper winds at 3 sites in Hokkaido, Fukushima Pref. and Shizuoka Pref. The surface winds are found to be correlated with the upper winds both for wind direction and wind speed in almost all cases. Next, wind resources simulations are carried out for each of the classified weather patterns using the existing models, and the prediction errors are studied. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the existing linear models is highly dependent on inputs of observed data, and that the accuracy tends to decrease for the situations where the upper and surface wind conditions greatly differ from each other, as in the case of a land and sea breeze of thermal origin. It is also confirmed that prediction accuracy is lower on complex terrain than on flat terrain. (NEDO)

Environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community development project. Feasibility study for industrialization of high efficiency waste-fired power generation system using animal waste; Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin. Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden (chikusan haikibutsu riyo) jigyoka FS chosa

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1996-03-01

To introduce the power generation system fueled by animal waste (excrements), one of the so-called industrial waste, its feasibility has been studied in Koyu and surrounding area located in Miyazaki Prefecture. This report includes the technical feasibility of available quantity of animal waste, chemical analysis of the waste, and basic design of the power generation system containing the furnace model and also its economical feasibility. The available quantity of animal waste in Koyu area is about 169,000 tons a year, which can generate 10.5 MW of electric power. That including the surrounding area is about 219,000 tons a year, which can generate 15.0 MW. The heating values of animal excrements in average and as received are 970 kcal/kg for pigs and 1,230 to 2,700 kcal/kg for broilers. In the case of combustion of mixed broiler and pig excrements, both of the stoker and fluidized-bed model furnaces become refractory furnace construction and provide with heat recovery boiler due to their high moisture content. In addition, the stoker furnace model requires an excrement dryer system as pre-treatment of fuel. For the fluidized-bed furnace of 15 MW grade power plant using the mixed fuel of 50% broiler excrements and 50% pig excrements, the power generation efficiency of 23% can be expected at generator end. The generating cost is around 10 yen/kWh. 27 refs., 61 tabs.

Report on evaluation concerning R and D of magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) generation. Introduction; Denji ryutai (MHD) hatsuden no kenkyu kaihatsu ni kansuru hyoka hokokusho. Soron

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1984-03-01

Evaluation was conducted concerning R and D on magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) generation, with proposals made for the future R and D. As a result of the experimental operation and studies of the Mark 7 machine for MHD generation, a cold wall type generation channel was found promising in the long-term durability under MHD generation conditions. In addition, R and D was conducted on the exhaust gas control system that fulfilled an environmental standard, seed recovery method, grasp of seed coagulation state, etc. The R and D on element technologies were carried out along with the R and D of the Mark 7 and played a role in the backup of its experiment. MHD generation presents a large number of attractive characteristics, with its development expected in the future. However, it seems too early to immediately move on to the next step. Examinations should be made on such matters as comparisons with various kinds of new power generation systems using coal, trends in foreign countries particularly the U-500 project of the Soviet Union, the ideal system for more efficient development, and possibility of international cooperation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 project of inviting proposals for international joint research - invitation for international proposal (Power generation No.10). Achievement report on independent distributed type power generation technology of using now-unused gas pressure difference energy; 2000 nendo kokusai kyodo kenkyu teian kobo jigyo - kokusai teian kobo (hatsuden No.10). Miriyo gas atsuryokusa energy ni yoru dokuritsu bunsangata hatsuden gijutsu seika hokokusho

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2001-03-01

Development is under way of a power generation system utilizing pressure difference during fuel gas transportation, independent from the outside and installable in the vicinity of the load. It is assumed that power is supplied to a decompression device in a fuel gas supply pipeline. Fuel gas placed under high pressure in the mainline is decompressed upon arriving at a consumer area. The intended technology of utilizing the now-unused pressure difference will be employed for power generation, and energy will be collected accordingly. Activities are conducted in the three fields of (1) the acquisition of heat sources for heating, (2) the development of technologies for compensating for seasonal and daily load variations on gas or power, and (3) the development of control technologies to cope with emergency. In field (1), a system is developed, independent from external heat sources, to operate on an indirect heating system based on a heating furnace. In domain (2), it is proved that high efficiency system operation will be available if the influence of gas pipeline transportation parameters on load variations is analyzed for the effective utilization of the pipeline operating system. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey of refuse-fueled power generation introduction technology, etc. Survey of industrial refuse-fueled power generation (Industrial refuse-fueled power generation case study implementation - 1); 2000 nendo chosa haikibutsu hatsuden donyu gijutsu chosa to - Sangyo haikibutsu hatsuden chosa (Sangyo haikibutsu hatsuden case study no jisshi - 1)

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2001-03-01

Case studies were conducted of industrial refuse-fueled power generation using plastic waste, paper waste, and wood chips, and the same using the excretions of cattle. In the study of power generation fueled by mixed waste containing plastic waste, 325t/d, 220t/d, and 130t/d incinerators having the lower calorific value of 5,960-6,401 kcal/kg were taken up, and steam conditions, generator output, generating-end efficiency, station service power ratio, sending-end efficiency, etc., were tentatively calculated. As for cost efficiency, a manufacturer's estimate indicated that commercialization would be impossible in all the cases unless the construction cost was cut down. In the study of excretion-fueled power generation, cases were taken up where medium-temperature fermentation proceeded for the excretions of 620-29,853 dairy cows (32-1,576 t/d). A calculation was performed on conditions that the construction cost and maintenance/utility costs were as estimated by the manufacturer, that the excretion treatment and power generation facilities were covered by subsidies, and that personnel expenses of 6-million yen were necessary. It was then found that there would be commercial viability in case the yield was 790t/d or higher. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the R and D of femtosecond technology. R and D of high intensity X-ray pulse use power generation facility monitoring system; 2000 nendo femto byo technology no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kokido X sen pulse riyo hatsuden shisetsu monitoring system no kenkyu kaihatsu

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2001-03-01

This project aims at creating new industrial basement technology which supports the highly information-oriented society in the 21st century, conducts the R and D of technology to control the state of light and electron in the femtosecond time domain (10{sup -15} - 10{sup -12} sec), and establishes the basement technology which exceeds the speed limit of the conventional electronics technology and also includes new functionality. Especially, in the R and D of the high intensity X-ray pulse use power generation facility monitoring system, the establishment is aimed at of the basement technology toward the realization of non-stop inspection of high speed moving objects of power generation facilities, etc. using femtosecond high intensity X-ray pulse generated in the interaction between femtosecond optical pulse and high density electron beam pulse. In this fiscal year, femtosecond X-ray was successfully generated. The pulse width of X-ray: 400fs, the wavelength: 6 angstroms, the X-ray dose generated in one collision: 10{sup 4} photons/pulse or more, and the energy of electron beam colliding with laser optical pulse: 12 MeV. Moreover, developed were the laser amplifying system and the stabilized high power femtosecond laser system. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 R and D report on femtosecond technology (power generation facility monitoring system using high- intensity X-ray pulse); 1998 nendo femuto byo technology no kenkyu kaihatsu (kokido X senb pulse riyo hatsuden shisetsu monitoring system no kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

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1999-03-01

This report reports the fiscal 1998 R and D result of Femtosecond Technology Research Association (FESTA) supported by NEDO. For creation of industrial basic technologies supporting the advanced information society in the 21st century, ultra-high speed electronics technology including new functions beyond the speed limit of conventional electronics technologies is indispensable. From such viewpoint, this R and D aims at establishment of the basic technology controlling conditions of beams and electrons in a femtosecond (10{sup -15}-10{sup -12} seconds) region. In development of the titled system, this R and D aims at generation of high-intensity X-ray pulse by interaction between femtosecond light pulse and high-density electron beam pulse, and development of measurement technology (non- stop inspection) of high-speed moving objects using such X- ray pulse. In fiscal 1998, this project succeeded in time stabilization of laser oscillators at a 100fs level and generation of low-emittance electron beam pulse through development of ultra-short pulse synchronization, laser stabilization and electron beam pulse generation technologies. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology (Development of material/substrate manufacturing technology - Development of high-quality amorphous material/substrate manufacturing technology); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / zairyo kiban seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (kohinshitsu amorphous kei zairyo kiban no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

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1999-03-01

A microcrystalline Si thin film is used to form the i-layer of a narrow gap a-Si based thin film solar cell. Since a microcrystalline p-layer is to act as the seeding crystal layer for the microcrystalline i-layer, it has to be very high in crystallinity and therefore is produced under high hydrogen dilution conditions. In this process, a problem arises of the darkening of the underlying transparent SnO{sub 2} electrode. Since this is due to chemical reaction on the SnO{sub 2} surface layer, blackening is prevented by shortening the film fabrication time, and then an excellently microcrystalline p-layer is obtained. Furthermore, by inserting a microcrystalline i-film buffer layer of low fabrication rate into the p/i boundary, plasma damage on the microcrystalline p-layer is inhibited for the fabrication of a microcrystalline i-layer high in crystallinity at high film fabrication rates. A high Voc is then obtained even when the microcrystalline p-layer is very thin. If the hydrogen dilution rate is too low when the i-layer film fabrication rate is high, the initially fabricated layer turns out to be thick to the detriment of film performance. On the other hand, the p-layer or the buffer layer will be etched when the hydrogen dilution rate is too high. The problem is solved by continuously varying the hydrogen dilution rate from high to low during i-layer fabrication. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology - Research and survey of peripheral element technologies (Research on practical application of set solar cell); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / shuhen yoso gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu (shisshiki taiyo denchi jitsuyoka kanosei chosa)

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1999-03-01

Possibility of practical application of dye-sensitized solar cells (Graezel cells) is discussed. Fine titania particle preparation conditions and titania thin-film electrodes were optimized and an energy conversion efficiency of 7.7% was accomplished. The screen printing method was applied to the manufacture of dye-sensitized electrodes, and performance governing factors were grasped. The use of the screen printing method resulted in a conversion efficiency of 6-8.4% when the factors were optimized. Though lower than the 10% in the Graezel report, values near that were obtained. The status of latest research and development is compiled involving studies about electron transfer dynamics in dye-sensitized solar cells, manufacture of sensitizing dyes and mesoscopic metal oxide thin-film, electron transfer layers and their physical properties, and solidification of hole transfer layers. Research was conducted aiming at their practical application, and tasks and problems in each of the said items were point out. A logical approach to achieve high conversion efficiency was deliberated, and studies were made about how to propel forward endeavors involving design guidelines for high-performance sensitizing dyes, design and preparation guidelines for thin film for electrodes, analysis of stability, solidification of the redox electrolyte, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 research and development of technologies for commercialization of photovoltaic power generation systems. Development of technologies for fabrication of thin-film solar cells/materials and substrates (Development of technologies for fabrication of high-quality amorphous materials and substrates); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / zairyo kiban seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (kohinshitsu amorphous kei zairyo kiban no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

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2000-03-01

The research and development project is implemented for the amorphous/microcrystalline solar cells with the thin microcrystalline silicon film as the i layer, and the FY 1999 results are reported. The fabrication technologies are investigated for the microcrystalline silicon solar cells of pin or nip structure by RF or VHF plasma CVD using SiH{sub 4} and H{sub 2} as the stock gases. The tests are conducted for evaluating characteristics of the thin microcrystalline silicon film, to investigate the effects of film-making pressure, power and hydrogen dilution rate on the characteristics at a constant film-making temperature of 180 degrees C. The researches on the fabrication technologies for the microcrystalline solar cell of pin structure confirm that use of VHF plasma CVD improves crystallinity, electrical and optical characteristics of the p-type thin microcrystalline silicon film. The researches on the fabrication technologies for the microcrystalline solar cell of nip structure covers transparent substrates, film-making speed of the p layer, power and substrates, and a conversion efficiency of 7.5% is realized by the solar cell formed on a texture substrate. (NEDO)

Survey for making a data book related to the development of new energy technology. Wind power generation; 1999 nendo shin energy gijjtsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa hokokusho. Furyoku hatsuden

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2000-03-01

For the purpose of systematically arranging the data on new energy, this paper focused on the wind power system and collected/arranged the most up-to-date published data on the wind power system, mostly in terms of samples of introduction in Japan and abroad, supporting plans and policies, market of the wind power system, specifications for the main wind turbines, etc. This report included the following: (1) Quantity of introduction of wind power system. (2) Targeted quantity of introduction of wind power system in Japan and abroad. (3) Policies on wind power system in Japan and abroad. (4) Sales of wind power system. (5) Cost of introduction of wind power system. (6) Effects of introduction of wind power generation. (7) Trend of technology development/subjects on technology development/problems on introductory promotion. (8) Outline of wind power system. (9) Predominant trends of wind power generation in Japan. (10) List of the persons to contact enterprises related to wind power generation. (11) Quantity of wind energy existing in Japan. (12) Specifications for wind turbine by power generation scale. (13) Method to calculate power generation cost of wind power system. (14) Explanation of basic technical terms. (15) List of the related rules as to introduction of wind power generation. (16) Publications relating to wind power generation. (NEDO)

Report on the fiscal 1996 development of high efficient waste power generation technology; 1996 nendo kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu hokokusho

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1997-03-01

The technical development was made by which high-temperature/high-pressure steam is generated in the incineration furnace using general waste, combustible industrial waste, etc. as fuel to generate power high efficiently, and reliability of the superheater, etc. was verified by the pilot plant. For it, the following were conducted: development of element technology (high-temperature/high-efficiency combustion furnace, corrosion resistant super heater materials, environmental load reduction technology) and the demonstration (demonstrative test in pilot plant, study of an optimum total system). In relation to the external circulation type fluidized bed furnace, reformation was made which enables simultaneous sampling of dioxins, etc. The combustion test was done using the reformed combustion testing furnace to obtain the data necessary for the study of formation/decomposition mechanism of dioxin. The amount of corrosion reduction of superheater sample material for pilot plant use was determined. A study was made of improvement of removal of dioxins and NOx in the pulse plasma exhaust gas treatment method. The pilot plant was installed. 10 refs., 205 figs., 79 tabs.

FY 1992 Report on the results of the research and development of micromachine technologies. R and D of highly functional maintenance technologies for power generating systems; 1992 nendo micromachine gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Hatsuden shisetsuyo kokino maintenance gijutsu kaihatsu

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1993-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1992 results of the R and D project aimed at development of microcapsules, mother machines, examination modules without retrieval and working modules with retrieval, and their application to total systems for development of the highly functional maintenance technologies for power generating systems. Researches on the microgenerators involve studies and extraction of technical problems for structures, thin-film magnet production methods, coil winding methods, high-speed microbearings and microaccelerators. Researches on the mother machines involve development of the basic elements, on a trial basis, of the electrostatic actuators for the mechanisms of driving the main bodies, and evaluation of their characteristics by a minute torque analyzer. Researches on the examination modules without retrieval involve basic studies on, e.g., expansion driving, supersonic and microwave energy conversion devices for the expansion transfer mechanisms, development of these devices on a trial basis, evaluation of their functions, and extraction of the problems. Researches on the working modules with retrieval involve studies on shape memory alloy materials for tubular manipulators and actuator mechanisms. (NEDO)

Environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community development project. Feasibility study for industrialization of high efficiency waste-fired power generation system (industrial refuse derived fuel and gas turbine combined type); Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin. Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden (sangyo RDF GT fukugogata) jigyoka FS chosa

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1996-03-01

High efficiency power generation, which is useful for promoting the environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community, is investigated by combining a steam turbine power generation system using the PS-RDF (paper sludge-refuse derived fuel) and a gas turbine (GT) combined cycle. Industrialization plan for processing PS in low cost has been made to ensure the profitability by participating the wholesale power supply under the law of electric power industry. This combined system is similar to the so-called super power generation using municipal garbage, but the lower temperature of steam from GT waste heat boilers (WHB) is super-heated by the flue gas from RDF boiler, which is called advanced power generation system (A.S.S.). The total power generation capacity is 149,000 kW, which consists of three 35,000 kW units of GT and one 44,000 kW unit of steam turbine. When comparing the combined system (A.S.S.) and usual one with the independent installation of the RDF steam power generation system and a GT combined cycle, the A.S.S. provides the repowering efficiency of 7,600 kW output with exactly the same quantity of fuel input as usual one. 71 figs., 31 tabs.

Development of high-efficiency wastes-burning electric power generating technology. Volume 2. Report for fiscal 1999; Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu 1999 nendo hokokusho. 2

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2000-03-01

In high-efficiency power generation using general wastes and combustible industrial wastes as fuel, development has been performed on a wastes gasifying and melting power generation technology. This technology is capable of suppressing generation of dioxines, recovering slag that can be utilized effectively, and reducing ash volume, by thermally decomposing the wastes and melting combustion ash at elevated temperatures by using thermally decomposed gases. With regard to the evaluation on high temperature corrosiveness of SH materials and the development of a high temperature dust removing system, a steam heater was designed, fabricated, and installed in a model plant, wherein the operation test has been performed for about 1,620 hours. For the technology of dechlorination during a thermal decomposition process, dechlorination rate of 90% was confirmed at 425 degrees C or higher in a demonstration plant. In addition, developments were made on a low temperature denitration device to avoid re-heating of waste gases, a stable wastes supply system to reduce quantity of self-heated melt limiting heat generation, and a waste plastics blowing technology to reduce external fuel charge quantity. Furthermore, a survey was carried out on the trends in wastes electric power generation technologies. (NEDO)

Feasibility study on the demonstrative test on the hybrid mini hydroelectric power generation technology. 2; Hybrid gata mini suiryoku hatsuden gijutsu ni kakawaru jissho shiken kanosei chosa. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

A study was made for the purpose of electrification of unelectrified zones of the mountainous areas in developing countries using extremely small hydroelectric power facilities. The target for this project is a development of a micro hydroelectric power system with a size of about 5kW, which is estimated regarding that 1 village has 80 houses and each house needs electricity of 60W. In the study, the low-head system using a weir of irrigation channels in Subang pref. of West Java state was selected by the evaluation of access, stability of flow rate, natural conditions, etc. The hydroelectric power plant is of a flow-in method in which water is taken from the left bank and is injected/discharged to the downstream of the left bank. As the hybrid complementary power source, hybrid battery with a two-hour charging time at peak and a capacity of 3.5kWh was considered. When estimating the construction cost of the hybrid micro hydroelectric power system and equalizing by durable years, the operational cost per kW is 15 times higher than the benefits which local people receive. It was judged to be difficult to say that the micro hydroelectric power system is economically feasible. It was predicted that the financial profit during the demonstrative test is good, according to a trial calculation of income from power rates and the operational cost. 18 refs., 90 figs., 53 tabs.

Fiscal 1980 Sunshine Project research report. Development of hydrothermal power plant (Development of binary cycle power plant); 1980 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant no kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1981-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1980 research result on evaluation of elementary technology studies, research on plant technologies, and assessment of profitability for development of the next 10MW class large binary cycle power plant. In evaluation of heat media and heat cycles, selection of heat media and preparation of specimens through document survey, measurement of thermal characteristics, and preparation of pressure-enthalpy charts were carried out for selection of promising media. In evaluation of materials, as the field corrosion test and simulation results on 3 kinds of welding materials, it was concluded that SUS316 is best as material. In evaluation of heat medium turbine, through the test on oil film seal and mechanical seal techniques, various information were obtained. In evaluation of mist-cooling condenser, experiment on the basic unit heat exchanger, and study on the optimum design were carried out. In addition, research on plant technologies, and assessment of profitability were conducted. (NEDO)

FY 1991 report on the results of the development of an entrained bed coal gasification power plant. Part 1. Support study for the development of an entrained bed coal gasification power plant (Dismantling study); 1991 nendo seika hokokusho. Funryusho sekitan gaska hatsuden plant kaihatsu (Funryusho sekitan gaska hatsuden plant kaihatsu no shien kenkyu) - Sono 1. Kaitai kenkyu hen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1992-04-01

As a support study for the development of an entrained bed coal gasification power plant by a 200 t/d pilot plant, the dismantling study was made for gasifier facilities, desulfurization facilities, dedusting facilities at the existing 40 t/d testing facilities. In the results of the analysis of the specimens sampled from gasifier and peripheral facilities, the corrosion loss of thickness was great in carbon steel/low-alloy steel equipment, and the generation of intergranular corrosion/intergranular crack was recognized in stainless steel equipment. The loss of thickness caused by erosion was also recognized in carrier tubes, etc. As to the high-temperature dry desulfurization system, the damage was totally great, but the effect of taking measures for it was unclear because the loss of thickness by corrosion/abrasion had not been measured regularly. Relating to the high-temperature dry dedusting system, there used to be a lot of troubles from stress corrosion cracking and pitting corrosion, and the best measures for corrosion prevention were taken for each trouble. As to the Al thermal spraying, stabilized thermal treatment, shot-peening, etc., the excellent corrosion prevention effect was recognized on the austenite stainless steel. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1984 on research and development commissioned from Sunshine Project. Studies on hydrogen manufacturing utilizing solar beam; 1984 nendo taiyoko riyo ni yoru suiso seizo no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-01

Research and development has been performed on a technology to manufacture hydrogen effectively from water utilizing solar beam and using an organics oxidizing and reducing system as the intermediary, and its achievements in fiscal 1984 was reported. With regard to the process in hydrogen generation stage as the first step, water dissolvable rhodium complex was synthesized to improve the process having been developed in the previous fiscal year. Its photo-hydrogen generation capability was discussed. In the rhodium complex of ligand having sulfonic acid group for water solution, a system using only water as a solvent was discovered to show the photo-hydrogen generation capability equivalent to or greater than the system of organic solvent and water using non-water dissolvable rhodium complex. In the stage of reduction of oxidized type organics by water as the second step, discussions were given on photo-electrochemical behavior of iron oxide sintered electrodes. Photo-hydrogen generation was investigated by retaining the electrode potential to a potential generated by beam irradiation onto the iron oxide sintered electrodes, and using a system of water dissolvable rhodium complex and rhuthenium complex. As a result, a possibility of recycling the materials was discovered. (NEDO)

Prediction of velocity of the wind generation in Kobe City College of Technology; Kobe Kosen ni okeru furyoku hatsuden no yosoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akamatsu, K; Kanemura, M; Amako, K

1997-11-25

Wind conditions, such as average wind velocity for 10 minutes, maximum instantaneous wind velocity and wind directions, are measured by the anemometer and anemoscope installed 3m above the roof of the Kobe City College of Technology`s Information Processing Center building, to collect the data necessary to validate possibility of wind power generation, if the wind system is installed in the college site. Monthly availability of power is estimated from the output power characteristics curve for a generator having a rated capacity of 200W and wind velocity data collected for 9 months. It will generate power of only 144kWh, even when operated to give the rated output, or approximately 8.5kWh at the highest in a month, because of availability of wind power limited to around 30% of the total as estimated from the relative frequency distribution. It is therefore desirable to install a number of units having a rated capacity of 200W or else a smaller number of larger units. Assuming that days that give the highest output for 24 hours last 1 month, a power of 54.3kWh will be generated. It is estimated, based on these results, that a hybrid unit, in which a wind power generator installed at a high place is combined with a solar unit, can provide power required for nighttime lighting, if a wind power unit having a rated capacity of 2kW is field-controlled under an optimum condition. 13 figs., 3 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 research report. Feasibility survey on offshore wind power generation in Japan; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Nippon ni okeru yojo furyoku hatsuden no donyu kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This survey studied the feasibility of large-scale offshore wind power generation in Japan. Attempt was also made on preparation of outline maps of offshore wind around Japan. The cost of future offshore wind power generation systems is roughly dependent on technical issues and environmental issues. As technical issues, 'installation site,' 'foundation,' 'system interconnection' and 'maintenance/management' were summarized based on applications in Europe. As a result, it was clarified that technical issues can be solved with existing technologies to a certain extent, however, those relate to economical problems closely. The previous environment impact assessments say that wind power generation has no problems on the environmental issues. As relatively strong wind coastal areas, the outline maps of offshore wind point out Western Hokkaido area, Japan Sea area of Tohoku district, Pacific ocean area of the central part of Honshu, Genkai Nada area, Western Kyushu area and Southwest islands area, and suggest that these areas are promising for offshore wind power generation. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for fiscal 2000. Development of photovoltaic system commercialization technology - Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology - Development of low-cost/large area module manufacturing technology (Development of novel amorphous solar cell module manufacturing technology); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu, Hakumaku taiyodenchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, Tei cost dai menseki mojuru seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (Shingata amorufasu taiyo denchi mojuru no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research and development was conducted for the development of amorphous solar cell modules for power generation, high in performance and low in production cost. In the effort to improve cell efficiency, experiments were conducted for enhancing bottom a-SiGe cell efficiency for the embodiment of an enhanced-efficiency multi-junction cell, for improving crystallinity in microcrystalline silicon through the application of VHF (very high frequency) plasma CVD (chemical vapor deposition), for texturizing metal electrodes on a film substrate, and so forth. In the effort to increase the film fabrication rate, a VHF plasma CVD device was used for studying the effect of the discharge frequency on film deposition and quality, Vpp between the electrodes, and so forth. Studies about the high-throughput production technology centered on the film substrate solar cell process technology and the designing of an optimum geometrical pattern for SCAF (series-connection through apertures formed on film) cells. Production cost was estimated for the SCAF structure film substrate solar cell manufacturing process, and a production cost of 147.1 yen/W (in case of 100 MW/year production) was obtained as achievable under the currently available conditions. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for fiscal 2000. Development of photovoltaic system commercialization technology - Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology - Development of low-cost/large area module manufacturing technology (Development of novel amorphous solar cell module manufacturing technology); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu, Hakumaku taiyodenchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, Tei cost dai menseki mojuru seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (Shingata amorufasu taiyo denchi mojuru no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research and development was conducted for the development of amorphous solar cell modules for power generation, high in performance and low in production cost. In the effort to develop high-performance solar cells, optimum device designs including an advanced light confinement structure or the like were studied, and a 25% reduction in the total power generation layer thickness and a 7% increase in efficiency in power generation were consistently achieved in an a-Si/a-SiGe solar cell. In the effort to develop low-cost process technologies, as the result of studies involving the optimization of high-speed film fabrication requirements such as hydrogen dilution and a high-speed/high-precision patterning method and the like, an initial conversion efficiency of 11.2% was attained, which was the world high for a 90 cm times 90 cm-large a-Si/a-SiGe solar cell. This being equivalent to a post-stabilization efficiency of 10%, the fiscal 2000 target was achieved. A solar cell module production cost assessment was performed based on the result, and a module cost of 133 yen/W (in case of 100 MW/year production) was realized, which again meant the achievement of the fiscal 2000 target. (NEDO)

FY 1999 research and development of technologies for commercialization of photovoltaic power generation systems. Development of technologies for production of thin-film solar cells and low-cost, large-area modules (Development of technologies for high-reliability CdTe solar cell modules); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (koshinraisei CdTe taiyo denchi module no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The research and development project is implemented for production of low-cost, large-area modules of CdTe solar cells by the high-quality film-making process and high-function patterning, and the FY 1999 results are reported. The research program for the large-area TCO film-making technologies involves investigations on improvement of SnO{sub 2} film quality by the mist method and continuous film-making, which lead to continuous, stable production of 34 substrates of low resistance of 9.7{omega} on the average. The program for production of the large-area, thin-film CdS/CdTe solar cells involves production of TCO and CdS by the mist method, and patterning of the laminated TCO/CdS film by laser scribing. The CdTe film is formed by the atmospheric pressure CSS method, and treated with CdCl{sub 2} to improve its crystallinity. The CdTe film is patterned by sand blasting, and provided with the carbon and silver electrodes by screen printing, to complete the cell. The process is totally effected at the atmospheric pressure, needing no vacuum device. The CdTe solar cell assembly (130 cells connected in series, opening area: 5,413cm{sup 2}), fabricated on a trial basis, achieves a conversion efficiency of 10%. (NEDO)

Development of practical application technology for photovoltaic power generation systems in fiscal 1997. Development of technologies to manufacture next-generation thin film solar cells, development of technologies to manufacture CIS solar cell modules, development of technologies to increase high-quality film area; 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Jisedai usumaku taiyo denchi module no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, CIS taiyo denchi module no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, kohinshitsumaku no daimensekika gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

With an objective to improve efficiency and reduce cost of CIS-based thin film solar cells, research and development has been made on technologies to increase high-quality CIS film area and technologies to increase speed in the manufacturing process. This paper describes the achievements attained during fiscal 1997. The research covered development of technologies to form high-grade Cu (In, Ga) Se{sub 2} (CIGS) film by using the multi-dimensional deposition process, component technologies for forming a rear electrode, a buffer layer and a transparent electrode, and patterning technologies. As a result of the research, thickness of the CIGS film was reduced to half as much as that of the conventional films, having achieved conversion efficiency of 13.1%, which corresponds to about 90% of the conventional CIGS solar cells. In addition, elucidation was made on the effect of an MoSe{sub 2} layer existing on interface with CIGS/Mo in a CIGS solar cell imposed on solar cell characteristics. In developing an Mo film laser scribing technology, intensity dependence of laser energy was made clear, the energy being required for scribing according to surface condition of the Mo film. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on development of technologies for practical photovoltaic system under New Sunshine Program. Manufacture of thin-film solar cell and of low-cost/large-area module (Manufacture of high-reliability CdTe solar module); 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (koshinraisei CdTe taiyo denchi module no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The target is a low-cost CdS/CdTe solar cell of a large area (60cm times 90cm), the establishment of mass-production technologies for the cell, and the enhancement of production efficiency. A thin film formation technology of subjecting CdS film organic metal to pyrolysis is established, which reduces photoabsorption loss in the shortwave domain of wavelength of not longer than 500nm, reduces reflection loss in the film, and improves on short-circuit current density. Improvement is also achieved on CdTe film quality and junction quality by use of a proximity sublimation method in a vacuum, when a conversion rate of 16.0% (1cm{sup 2}) is attained which is the highest in the world. Based on the results of the above-said efforts, a 3.3mm-thick glass substrate is employed for CdTe film to develop into a 30cm times 60cm-large size, with the film thereon uniformly thick over a large area thanks to a normal pressure proximity sublimation method. Studies are made toward a process nearer to the ultimate product and, using the patterning technique, a 30cm times 60cm-large CdTe solar cell is tentatively built realizing a conversion rate of 9.8%. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research and development of technologies for practical application of photovoltaic power generation systems. Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology (Development of material/substrate manufacturing technology - Development of amorphous silicon-based high-quality material/substrate manufacturing technology); 1999 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (zairyo kiban seizo gijutsu kaihatsu - amorphous silicon kei kohinshitsu zairyo kiban no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The project aims to enhance the stability of amorphous solar cells. For elevating TCO (transparent conductive oxide) substrate transmittance to an ultrahigh level and for obtaining amorphous layers less to suffer photodegradation, efforts were made to develop substrate materials stable upon exposure to plasma and low in defect density. In the study of TCO, a high-transmittance glass substrate was employed and TCO was made thinner, and the specimen achieved transmittance of 91.3% or 6.3% over that of the conventional type. In the study of low reflection films, it was found that their transmittance came to be stable and remain so after 150 days after a weatherproof test. In the study for stability enhancement, optimization was carried out for a plasma resisting Ga{sub 2}O{sub 3}-added ZnO film for the manufacture of a substrate material capable of properly behaving in a high-speed a-Si film fabrication process. Low-temperature film fabrication was studied to enable low-cost manufacturing, and it was learned that a 4 times 10{sup -4} ohm/cm low-resistance film was obtained by sputtering Ga{sub 2}O{sub 3}-added ZnO where magnetism was intensive at room temperature, that films excellent in crystallinity were obtained by the same method even at low temperatures, and so forth. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for fiscal 2000. Development of photovoltaic power system commercialization technology (Development of ultrahigh-efficiency crystalline compound solar cell manufacturing technology - Surveys and studies of peripheral key technologies/Feasibility study of wet-type solar cell commercialization); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu - Chokokoritsu kessho kagobutsu taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, Shuhen yoso gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu - Shissiki taiyo denchi jitsuyoka kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Dye-sensitized solar cell commercialization was studied for feasibility. Studies were made about photoelectric conversion efficiency and various factors supposedly to affect the life and other properties, and a wet-type (dye-sensitized type) solar cell was fabricated. In an endurance test, the dye-sensitized solar cell retained its initial performance after 3,500 hours of continuous irradiation. A 16 cm{sup 2}-large integrated type Graetzel cell was fabricated, and it achieved a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 4.6%. Furthermore, in the study of Graetzel cells, possibility of the creation of new electrolytic solutions was discussed, a non-TiO{sub 2} dye-sensitized solar cell was fabricated based on the self-assembled electrodeposition of the ZnO dye, and the feasibility was deliberated of a dye-sensitized solar sell using a composite oxide semiconductor. Concerning their development in the future, it was concluded that dye-sensitized solar cells including the Graetzel cell were equipped with the basic characteristics of a next-generation solar cell that would be requested to be low in cost and high in performance. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology (Development of low-cost large-area module manufacturing technology - Development of application type novel-structure thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology - Development of amorphous silicon/thin-film polycrystalline silicon hybrid thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (oyogata shinkozo usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / amorphous silicon/usumaku takessho silicon hybrid usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The project aims to manufacture the above for the development of low-cost high-efficiency practical cells. Technologies were developed to homogeneously fabricate films with an average efficiency of 10% or more in a 100mm times 85mm area in a STAR (naturally surface texture and enhanced absorption with a back reflector) structure thin-film polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) solar cell. The texture shape was improved for a higher light trapping effect and a STAR structure cell highly sensitive to long wavelengths and fit for use for a hybrid cell bottom layer was obtained. Various cells were examined for temperature characteristics, and it was found that thin-film poly-Si cells present a temperature coefficient equal to or less than that of bulk single-crystal silicon systems, and hybrid cells a temperature coefficient similar to that of a-Si systems. The technology was applied to a hybrid solar cell in which an a-Si cell was placed on STAR structure thin film poly-Si cells, and a resultant 3-layer a-Si/poly-Si/poly-Si cell exhibited a stabilization factor of 12.0% after 550 hours of optical irradiation. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1996 on analysis and evaluation of demonstration tests for establishment of residential photovoltaic power generation load leveling technology, of which IEA international cooperation project; 1996 nendo kenkyu hokokusho. Jutaku you taiyoko hatsuden fuka heijunka gijutsu tou kakuritsu jissho shiken ni kansuru kaiseki hyoka no uchi IEA kokusai kyoryoku jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This paper summarizes the activities related to the Annex II 'Communication technology for DSM' in the international cooperation agreement on the DSM program by IEA. With regard to the 'needs in relation with DSM and the related functions and the communication technology between the demand side and the electric power companies required for the execution thereof', a survey has been made by sending question letters to ten membership nations, which has been compiled into a report. With respect to the 'evaluation on the method for international cooperation on standardization of the communication technology', replies to the question letters from the membership nations were analyzed. Decisions were given on the standards directly related to the communication technology for DSM, the standard drafting organizations, and the working groups. With regard to the 'evaluation on priority on research, development and demonstration of the communication technology for DSM', propositions were given as the project on the technology for communications inside a building for DSM and the related functions, development and transfer of DSM and the related functions from the communication media for a narrow band to a wide band, and specifications for the customers' terminals. In developing the general purpose personal computer software 'eaCOMMS', distribution and discussions were given on the trial edition. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report. Feasibility survey on offshore wind power generation in Japan; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Nippon ni okeru yojo furyoku hatsuden no donyu kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This survey studied the feasibility of large-scale offshore wind power generation in Japan. Attempt was also made on preparation of outline maps of offshore wind around Japan. The cost of future offshore wind power generation systems is roughly dependent on technical issues and environmental issues. As technical issues, 'installation site,' 'foundation,' 'system interconnection' and 'maintenance/management' were summarized based on applications in Europe. As a result, it was clarified that technical issues can be solved with existing technologies to a certain extent, however, those relate to economical problems closely. The previous environment impact assessments say that wind power generation has no problems on the environmental issues. As relatively strong wind coastal areas, the outline maps of offshore wind point out Western Hokkaido area, Japan Sea area of Tohoku district, Pacific ocean area of the central part of Honshu, Genkai Nada area, Western Kyushu area and Southwest islands area, and suggest that these areas are promising for offshore wind power generation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 regional new energy vision formulation - Financially aided project. Report on regional new energy vision formulation for Ueno village (Object of survey: Commercialization feasibility study for a stand-alone type wind power generation system at Ueno German Culture Village); 2000 nendo Uenoson chiiki shin energy vision sakutei hokokusho. Ueno Doitsu bunkamura dokuritsugata furyoku hatsuden system jigyoka feasibility study chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

A survey is conducted about the profitability of installing a stand-alone type wind power system at Ueno village (Miyako Island), Okinawa Prefecture. The German Culture Village, which is an integrated resort house provided with accommodations (500 people), educational and cultural facilities, and sports facilities consumes 272 MWh/year in electric power. The results of the survey are summarized in six chapters, which are (1) the survey of the business under the project to be the object of feasibility study, (2) project to be the object of feasibility study, (3) outline of the Okinawa Electric Power Co., Inc., Miyakojima system and problems to ensue from its interconnection with wind turbines, (4) survey of stand-alone type wind turbine power generation systems, (5) technical/economic feasibility study, and (6) project management and future tasks. It is concluded that there will be profit in the presence of a subsidy that covers 65% or more of the total cost of constructing a system comprising three 600 KW wind turbines, three 400 kW class diesel generators, and storage batteries. (NEDO)

Interim report on research and development of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generation. General remarks; Denji ryutai (MHD) hatsuden kenkyu kaihatsu chukan hokokusho. Soron

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1973-08-01

This report covers the MHD power generation research and development project which has been under way for 7 years since fiscal 1966, and contains guidelines to follow in the next 3 years during which studies will continue toward the consummation of the project. Subjected to research and development under this project are the development of superconductive magnets and helium refrigeration/liquefaction equipment, clarification of the power generation characteristics of the 1,000kW-class MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) power generator and of a test machine designed for a long-term operation, etc. Since they contain many basic studies, the efforts are being exerted primarily by the Electrotechnical Laboratory. In the research and development of MHD power generation characteristics, a power generation experiment is conducted through oxygen combustion in a hot wall channel, with the combustor and insulation against the Hall voltage improved. In this test, a maximum output of 1,182kW is achieved under the conditions of a flow rate of 2.9kg/s, a thermal input of 24.6MW, and a flux density of 3.2T. Since there are some problems to solve in connection with the stability of MHD power generation characteristics, durability of the MHD power generation channel, characteristics of heat exchanger system, measures for NOx reduction, etc., some more deliberation is necessary before taking the next research and development step. (NEDO)

Report on construction of thermal power plants for industrial use in China in FY 1997; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (Chugoku ni okeru kogyoyo karyoku hatsuden setsubi secchi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Steam supply and power generating plants in China can be classified into systems for district heating and power generation and systems for steam supply and power generation for industrial use. Steam supply and power generating plants for district heating in winter season are diffused due to the introduction of Russian technology. There are steam supply and power generating plants for supplying steam to manufacturing equipment in works and generating power for industrial use. Both of these are called heat and power stations. This survey was conducted for the latter thermal power generation plants for industrial use. China has heat and power stations with a total capacity of 22,000 MW, and a half of them are used for district heating. Although the thermal efficiency of usual thermal power generation plants is between 30 and 40%, that of heat and power stations is between 60 and 70%. Latent demand of such power generation plants for industrial use is large. Problems for the diffusion were extracted. It was considered that steam supply and combined power generating plants using natural gas are effective when constructed in large cities, in the vicinity of large cities, or in technological universities. 22 figs., 15 tabs.

Effect of fall wind on wind power generation; Furyoku hatsuden ni okeru dashikaze no koka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagai, H [Nihon University, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Wind conditions in Arakawa Town, Niigata Prefecture, were surveyed by anemometers and anemoscopes installed at 3 different points, and the data are analyzed to develop the prediction model for investigating possibility of introduction of wind mills there. Outlined herein is power generated by fall wind by comparing predicted power availability with the actual results. In order to investigate possibility of power generation by fall wind, the wind conditions and power availability are simulated using the observed wind condition data. Predicted wind velocity involves a large error at a point where frequency of prevailing wind direction is high, and direction in which average wind velocity is high coincides with direction in which land is slanted at a high slope. Fall wind occurs locally for geographical reasons. Location of the wind mill must be carefully considered, because it is complex, although potentially gives a larger quantity of power. A wind mill of 400kW can produce power of around 600MWh annually, when it is located at the suited site confirmed by the wind condition analysis results. 6 refs., 5 figs., 6 tabs.

Half century of wind power generation memoir. Part 1; Furyoku hatsuden hanseiki sono omoide. 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakata, H.

1995-12-01

This article may be deemed an autobiography of an individual on his development of wind power generation devices. The author began to be interested in electricity while he was a pupil of primary school and during his time of middle school student, when he walked against the strong wind on an embankment, he got an idea to utilize the wind power and succeeded to generate electricity with his handmade wind power generator using a bicycle generator. Afterwards he kept interested in devices utilizing the wind power, in 1973, energy saving was widely promoted due to the oil crises, and taking that opportunity, he established single-handedly a laboratory for development of utilization of the breeze power. Since his retirement from teaching profession in the spring of 1980, he has coped with earnestly the development of wind power generators. He acquired and installed various machine tools for metal works for generators and various machines for wood works for making propellers. In this article, wind power generators using bicycle generators (direct connection type and speed increasing type), small D.C. motors (motors for driving tape recorder, motors for automobile radiator and windshield wiper, etc.) and automobile generators (D.C. generators and alternators) are explained. 11 figs.

FY 1998 survey report. Survey to prepare a data book related to new energy technology development (Trends on the waste power generation, solar heat utilization, geothermal power generation, clean energy cars, coal liquefaction/coal gasification and new energy); 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa (haikibutsu hatsuden, taiyonetsu riyo, chinetsu hatsuden, clean energy, jidosha, sekitan ekika gas ka oyobi shin energy kanren doko)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Together with the progress of technology development, policies for the introduction/promotion of new energy technology are being developed such as promotion of the commercialization development, revision of the law system, and expansion of the subsidy system for promotion. To push the introduction/promotion forward more effectively, it is necessary to arrange various kinds of data comprehensively/systematically and to make them the basic data for contribution to the spread/education. As to the six fields of the waste power generation, solar heat utilization, geothermal power generation, clean energy cars, coal liquefaction, and coal gasification of the technology fields of new energy, this report collected/arranged the data made public recently in terms mainly of the following: trends of the introduction in Japan and abroad, policy/law/subsidy system in Japan and abroad, cost, system outline, basic terms, a list of the main affiliated companies and groups, and the nation's outlook for energy introduction and policies of each new energy technology in Japan and abroad, and the trends. Moreover, characteristics by field were described of the state of the commercialization/introduction of new energy technology. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report. Refuse-fueled power generation introduction technology, etc. Part 2. Survey of general refuse-fueled power generation; 2000 nendo chosa hokokusho. Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu gijutsu chosa to - Ippan haikibutsu hatsuden chosa Part 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Surveys were conducted of the effect on waste quality of the Law for Promotion of Sorted Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging, diffusion of PFI (private finance initiative) involving refuse-fueled power generation, recycling of slag, etc. Questionnairing was conducted for the survey of the effect on waste of the effectuation of the recycling law, size of population supplying the waste and the amount actually incinerated, actually measured data of the composition of incinerated waste, assorted collection programs, amount reducing measures, and the like. Studies were made as to if the empirical formulas applied in the survey of the preceding fiscal year would remain applicable after the coming into force of the recycling law. In the survey of PFI popularization, it was found that the rate it was taken into account for concrete projects was so low as 13.8% though most of the autonomous bodies had cognizance of PFI. It was requested that it be clearly stipulated that 'the conventional subsidies and grants apply also to PFI projects.' In the survey of conversion of residue into molten slag in refuse-fueled power generation and its reuse, four kinds of slag specimens were examined for physical properties, elution, and analyzed for ingredients, and then it was found that they posed no problems like heavy metal elution. (NEDO)

Survey on the technological development issues for large-scale methanol engine power generation plant; Ogata methanol engine hatsuden plant ni kansuru gijutsu kaihatsu kadai chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

Based on the result of `Survey on the feasibility of large-scale methanol engine power generation plant` in fiscal 1992, concrete technological development issues were studied for its practical use, and the technological R & D scheme was prepared for large-scale methanol engine power plant featured by low NOx and high efficiency. Technological development issues of this plant were as follows: improvement of thermal efficiency, reduction of NOx emission, improvement of the reliability and durability of ignition and fuel injection systems, and reduction of vibration. As the economical effect of the technological development, the profitability of NOx control measures was compared between this methanol engine and conventional heavy oil diesel engines or gas engines. As a result, this engine was more economical than conventional engines. It was suggested that development of the equipment will be completed in nearly 4 years through every component study, single-cylinder model experiment and real engine test. 21 refs., 43 figs., 19 tabs.

FY 1991 Research and development project for large-scale industrial technologies. Report on results of R and D of superhigh technological machining systems (Development of advanced machining devices for power-generating members); 1991 nendo chosentan kako system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Hatsuden shisetsuyo buzai kodo kako sochi kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1992-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1991 results of the R and D project aimed at establishment of superprecision machining technologies for developing machining technologies and nano-technologies aided by excited beams. For increasing the excimer laser output, the discharge-exciting technologies necessary for designing the 2kW laser as the final target are established. The service life tests are started to demonstrate the member service life of 10{sup 9} shots or more. For development of the technologies for large-current composite ion beams, the plant is constructed to attain the final targets (100keV, 2A, width: 500mm or more). The currents reaching the substrate are developed to have 2.8mA with the Ar ion and 2.9mA with the Ca ion by, e.g., developing the ion sources and improving functions of the ion beam controlling systems. Researches on the surface modification technologies for producing the superhigh-quality metallic surfaces involve composite ion implantation and providing the modified layer of Ti-B-based hard compound. Corrosion rate of the modified titanium surface in a boiling sulfuric acid solution is reduced from 300mm/year to around 0.13mm/year. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 New Sunshine Program achievement report. Development for practical application of photovoltaic system - Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology (Development of low-cost/large-area module manufacturing technology - Development of high-reliability CdS/CdTe solar cell module manufacturing technology); 1998 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu / tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (koshinraisei CdTe taiyo denchi module no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Cost reduction for the above-named solar cells is the aim of this effort. On the basis of the results of past studies, a technology is established of fabricating a thin CdS film by subjecting a CdS film to organometal pyrolysis, and this brings about a decrease in photoabsorption loss in the range of waves shorter than 500nm and a decrease in in-film reflection loss for an increase in short-circuit current density. A proximity sublimation method is used for CdTe film fabrication, which improves on film quality and film adhesion. These efforts result in the achievement of a conversion efficiency of 16.0% which is the highest in the world. Studies are promoted in a process nearer to the ultimate form, and a 30cm times 60cm large CdTe solar cell is fabricated on the basis of a patterning technique, and the product attains a conversion efficiency of 9.8%. In fiscal 1998, studies center about the establishment of a film fabrication process for a medium-are substrate and about the enhancement of its conversion efficiency, and facilities capable of dealing with large-area substrates are introduced and operated. In a typical achievement, a CdTe solar cell is experimentally fabricated in a process which is wholly under normal pressure, and the product with an aperture area of 1376cm{sup 2} exhibits a conversion efficiency of 10.5% according to JQA (Japan Quality Assurance Organization). (NEDO)

New Sunshine Project FY 1996 report on the results of development of photovoltaic power generation system commercialization technologies. Research on commercialization of the technologies for production of thin-film photovoltaic cells (Development of fabrication technologies of high-quality CuInSe{sub 2}-based thin-film solar cells); 1996 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usumaku taiyo denchi seizo gijutsu no jitsuyoka kenkyu (kohinshitsuka gijutsu (CuInSe{sub 2} taiyo denchi seizo no gijutsu kaihatsu))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1996 results of development of fabrication technologies for high-quality CuInSe{sub 2}-based photovoltaic cells. The Cu-Ga alloy/In-stacked precursor film is prepared for production of the high-quality thin-film absorber applicable to large-area module fabrication, and selenized by the vapor-phase selenization in a H{sub 2}Se gas atmosphere to produce the thin light-absorbing film in which In and Ga are present at graded concentrations. Increasing Ga alloy content in the CIGS-based thin-film photovoltaic cell fails to widen the forbidden band and improve V{sub oc}, and further optimization works are needed. The method is developed for production of thin-film buffer layer of sulfur-containing Zn compound which can give the cell characteristics equivalent to those of CdS generally used for CIS-based thin-film photovoltaic cell. It is clarified that the photovoltaic cell characteristics can be improved by use of a transparent electroconductive ZnO film of stacked structure, produced by a combination of RF sputtering and DC sputtering. For the patterning technologies necessary for forming series connection on a mini-module, the laser scribing method is applicable to the metal base-electrode, and the mechanical scribing method to the light absorber and window layer. (NEDO)

New Sunshine Program for fiscal 2000. Development of photovoltaic system commercialization technology - Development of thin-film solar cell manufacturing technology - Development of low-cost/large area module manufacturing technology (Development of high-reliability CdTe solar cell module manufacturing technology); 2000 nendo New sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu, Hakumaku taiyodenchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, Tei cost dai menseki mojuru seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (Koshinraisei CdTe taiyo denchi mojuru no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research and development was conducted for reliable CdTe solar cell modules, large in area and high in efficiency. In the study of large-area CdS thin film fabrication, a conversion efficiency of 12.5-14.2% was achieved in a cell in a large-area substrate using a mist method-aided process of continuous CdS film fabrication. In the study of large-area CdTe thin film fabrication, the optimization was studied of the base-forming CdS film fabrication conditions and of the CdTe film fabrication conditions in a method using a CdTe powder processed by dry kneading, and a conversion efficiency peak was found to exist when the CdS film thickness was in the range of 700-900 angstrom. In the fabrication of large-area submodules, a large-area substrate was taken up, and TCO (transparent conducting oxide) film was fabricated by the mist method, CdTe film by the normal pressure CSS method, electrodes by the screen printing method, and CdTe film patterns by the blast method. As the result, a conversion efficiency of 11.0% was achieved. In a cost estimation for large-area CdTe solar cell modules, 140 yen/Wp (conversion efficiency: 11.0%, annual production: 100 MW) was obtained. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 technological survey report. R and D on micromachine technology (Development of high functional maintenance technology for power station equipment); 1997 nendo micromachine gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Hatsuden shisetsuyo kokino maintenance gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Activities were conducted in search of micromachine technology for a high functional maintenance system that inspects and repairs abnormal conditions such as cracks in a heat exchanger or a piping system without disassembling it in a power generating station such as a thermal or nuclear power plant. The activities were proceeded in four areas of (1) experimental manufacturing of the system (an inline self-running environment recognizing system, an external inspection system for fine tube group, and a system capable of light internal operation such as welding), (2) R and D on sophistication technology for functional devices, (3) R and D on common basic technologies, and (4) comprehensive investigation and research. In (1), examination of detailed basic specifications was carried out, as were examination of element technologies, experimental manufacturing and operation test of element devices, and performance evaluation. Further, a part of element devices was made on an experimental basis, with the basic functions demonstrated. In the comprehensive investigation and research, a trend in the future maintenance technology in power generating equipment was obtained and pigeonholed. (NEDO)

PW-6ES gas turbine generator for Maglev linear motor car. Yamanashi rinia jikkensen daiichi hensei sharyo tosaiyo PW-6ES gas tabin hatsuden sochi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamamoto, T [JR Railway Technical Research Inst., Tokyo (Japan); Nakamura, S [Ebara Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1994-06-10

A power generator is developed to be used as the auxiliary power source for the first carriage at the levitation type railway Yamanashi linear experimental line. The gas turbine generator is installed to supply power to the electric equipment on the carriage, and the power generating conditions are transmitted to the ground commanding room via on-board central control system for centralized controlling. An aircraft diversion type ST6 gas turbine and a high frequency light weight generator are combined for the gas turbine generator developed this time. Single reduction planetary gear is employed for the reduction gear which connects the two units directly, the gas turbine being connected to one side and the generator to the other side with no coupling. The output of the generator is 350kW, AC 455V, and 400Hz, and power is supplied to the electric devices on the carriage after having been converted to DC 600V. Aluminium is used to reduce the weights of the soundproof enclosure and exhaust dust shell plate. 1 fig., 1 tab.

Systems integration (automation system). System integration (automation system)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujii, K; Komori, T; Fukuma, Y; Oikawa, M [Nippon Steal Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1991-09-26

This paper introduces business activities on an automation systems integration (SI) started by a company in July,1988, and describes the SI concepts. The business activities include, with the CIM (unified production carried out on computers) and AMENITY (living environment) as the mainstays, a single responsibility construction ranging from consultation on structuring optimal systems for processing and assembling industries and intelligent buildings to system design, installation and after-sales services. With an SI standing on users {prime} position taken most importantly, the business starts from a planning and consultation under close coordination. On the conceptual basis of structuring optimal systems using the ompany {prime}s affluent know-hows and tools and adapting and applying with multi-vendors, open networks, centralized and distributed systems, the business is promoted with the accumulated technologies capable of realizing artificial intelligence and neural networks in its background, and supported with highly valuable business results in the past. 10 figs., 1 tab.

FY 1998 annual report on power generation by waste heat from cement production in China; Chugoku ni okeru cement hainetsu hatsuden 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This project is to implement a feasibility study for applying waste heat power generation, which have been already commercialized in Japan and producing remarkable results, to China's cement plants producing 3,500 t/d or more of clinker, and thereby to try to establish a link with the Japan's clean development mechanism. It is expected that introduction of these systems improves energy use efficiency and environments in China. The study results indicate that the project for a Tongling Conch plant could generate power of 15,000 kW, reducing CO2 emissions by 89,178 t/y and cumulatively 1,783,560 tons in the 20-year period. The results also indicate that the project will be highly profitable, with an estimated internal return rate of as high as 33.78%. The project for a Huaxin plant could generate power of 8,400 kW, reducing CO2 emissions by 48,412 t/y and cumulatively 968,240 tons in the 20-year period, annually saving power charges by 325 million yen and bringing an internal return rate of 10.72%. (NEDO)

Development of high-efficiency wastes-burning electric power generating technology. Volume 1. Report for fiscal 1999; Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu 1999 nendo hokokusho. 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper summarizes the achievements of developing a technology to generate electric power at high efficiency by using a combustion furnace that uses general wastes and combustible industrial wastes as fuel to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam under a stabilized condition. In the developmental research of the combustion furnace, discussions were given on single-pass and double-pass type stalker furnaces, an internal circulation type fluidized bed furnace, and an external circulation type fluidized bed furnace, whereas technological prospects were established on any of them as the combustion furnace. In developing corrosion resistant super heater materials, demonstration tests were performed by using a pilot plant, corrosion mechanisms were elucidated, amount of corrosion in steam generating tubes was discussed, and corrosion life of super heaters was estimated. In developing a technology to reduce environmental load, developmental researches were carried out on a method to treat waste gases by using pulse plasma to have established nearly completely a waste gas treatment system technology. In the demonstration test using the pilot plant, the operation has started from February 1998, generating stably the steam conditions of 500 degrees C and 9.8 MPa, and the smooth operation has continued. (NEDO)

Achievement report on commissioned research of R and D in fiscal 2000 on micromachine technologies. Development of high function maintenance technology for power generation facilities; 2000 nendo kenkyu seika hokokusho. Hatsuden shisetsu you kokino mentenansu gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

R and D has been carried out on a high function maintenance system that performs inspection and repair of anomalies such as internal cracks by using micromachines without need of disassembling heat exchangers and piping systems in power generation facilities. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. In the research of a prototype self-propelled system to recognize environment in tubes, the secondary prototype system integrating all of the elemental devices was fabricated, and its functions were verified. In the research of a prototype system to inspect outer surface of fine tube groups, a plurality of single machines that perform movement in narrow spaces on flat surface, interlocking, separation and flaw detection were connected to execute a vertical movement experiment. In the research of a prototype system for works internal to devices, fabrication and functional verification were conducted on the final prototype system which is equipped with functions of measuring very small nicks and performing repair works, which are mounted on the tip of a curved tube unit with multiple degrees of freedom. In the research of a functional device improving technology, a device that puts together artificial muscles, micro-joints, and a suspension device with very low friction was fabricated, and a functional verification was implemented thereon. (NEDO)

Efficiency increase in solar-pumped Nd:YAG laser with a nonimaging concentrator; Taiyoko reiki Nd:YAG laser no kokoritsuka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arashi, H.; Cooke, D.; Naito, H.; Katagiri, T. [Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-12-08

A solar pumped laser is reported, and the effect of the use of a CPC concentrator is experimentally investigated. In the experiment, a CPC corresponding to a 4 mm diameter 10 cm length laser rod is fabricated, and for collection of solar light a heliostat and a 10 m diameter, 3.2 m focal length parabolic mirror is employed. The experiment is performed in a time zone where energy of direct solar light is constant, i.e., at about 660 W/m{sup 2} and the maximum allowable angle of the CPC is at 53 degrees. Energy sent from the parabolic mirror is estimated to be 10.4 kW in total and is entirely collected on a 4 cm diameter focal flat plane. The utility of the energy is 0.13 % without the use of the CPC while being 0.46 with use of the CPC, and effective energy for use in the pumping is estimated to be 190 W, 670 W. As a result of the experiment, a laser output upon the use of the CPC is increased by 5 times, i.e., up to 10 W compared with 2 W without the use of the CPC. 2 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1981 Sunshine Project research report. Development of hydrothermal power plant. Development of binary cycle power plant (Research on heat cycle and heat medium, materials, and heat medium turbine); 1981 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant no kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (netsu cycle oyobi netsubaitai no kenkyu, zairyo no kenkyu narasbini netsubaitai turbine no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

This report summarizes the final fiscal 1981 research result on components of the next 10MW class geothermal binary cycle power plant. In the research on heat cycle and heat medium, R-C318 and R-124 were excellent in output characteristics in a low-temperature zone and high-temperature zone in a hot water temperature range of 120-160 degreesC, respectively, however, at present R-114 was most reasonable from the viewpoint of heat medium price and supply system. In the research on martials, study was made on inlet-attack and stress corrosion of heat exchanger pipes of 18Cr-13Ni-2Mo steel, and combination use of inexpensive materials (carbon steel). As used giving attention to stress corrosion, at present 18Cr-13Ni-2Mo steel was most suitable material, while clad carbon steel was also usable. In the research on heat medium turbine, the 1000-hour durability test result of mechanical seal showed that mechanical seal is best for heat medium turbines. (NEDO)

FY 1989 report on the results of the development of the entrained bed coal gasification power plant. Part 1. Element study; 1989 nendo seika hokokusho. Funryusho sekitan gaska hatsuden plant kaihatsu - Sono 1. Yoso kenkyu hen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the technology of integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation, element study was conducted of a 200t/d entrained bed coal gasification pilot plant, and the FY 1989 results were summarized. In the gasification test using 2t/d gasifier equipment, the following were carried out: test on gasification of the coal proposed for pilot plant, test on changes in coal feed ratio, analysis of trace gas elements in coal, study of the fixed bed gas refining system, etc. In the study of large gas turbine combustor for demonstration machine, development of combustor which makes stable combustion in the low load region possible, development of low NOx combustor which controls the conversion of nitrogen compounds such as ammonia in coal gasification gas to NOx, development of combustor which makes the optimum and effective cooling possible by combining film cooling, impingement cooling, etc. In the study of simulation of the combined power generation total system, verification tests on the control mode switching function of the general load pressure control system, movement to meet anomaly of the control system, integrated cooperation control system, etc. (NEDO)

Coupling component systems towards systems of systems