Sample records for svensk kaernkraftshistoria 1945-80
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Dansk økonomi trues af et skrantende svensk boligmarked
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Østrup, Finn
2016-01-01
Der har været skrevet meget om truslerne i verdensøkonomien og Donald Trumps økonomiske politik. Men måske ligger den største trussel for dansk økonomi lige på den anden side af Sundet: Hvad sker der, hvis - eller måske når - det svenske boligmarked krakker?......Der har været skrevet meget om truslerne i verdensøkonomien og Donald Trumps økonomiske politik. Men måske ligger den største trussel for dansk økonomi lige på den anden side af Sundet: Hvad sker der, hvis - eller måske når - det svenske boligmarked krakker?...
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Arvidsson, Jonathan
2013-01-01
Den här uppsatsen analyserar svensk medias rapportering om valet i Afghanistan 2010. Med hjälp av metoder framtagna av Van Dijk har en analys av artiklar som berör valet 2010 gjorts. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna är postkolonialism och orientalism. Med hjälp av de perspektiven och Van Dijks medieanalys analyseras materialet för att tydliggöra strukturer i media.
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Akzo Nobel Science Award: Svensk upptaeckt botar framtidens cancer
2003-01-01
'Akzo Nobel Science Award: Svensk upptaeckt botar framtidens cancerStockholm, 27 februari, 2003. Aarets Akzo Nobel Science Award Sweden paa 500 000 kronor gaar till professorn i medicinsk straalningsfysik Anders Brahme. Han prisas foer "sin unika forskargaerning inom straalbehandlingsysiken samt kombinationen av grundforskning, tillaempad forskning och interaktion med industrin"' (1 page).
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Profile and Perceptions of Biogas as Automobile Fuel : A Study of Svensk Biogas
Larsson, Anneli
2008-01-01
From an environmental- and health perspective, biogas and other biomass-based fuels have several advantages; nevertheless the majority of motorists fill their cars with petroleum-based fuels. This thesis is designed to explore the profile of biogas in relation to its perceptions. It is a study concerning the communication between the biogas producing company Svensk Biogas and their biogas users and non biogas users. To obtain a thorough understanding of the profile and perceptions of biogas a...
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Klang, Kent
2007-01-01
Abstract Kent Klang: Ett omusikaliskt genombrott: Mottagandet av Elvis Presley i svensk press under rockmusikens etableringsfas 1956-1958. Uppsala Universitet: Institutionen för musikvetenskap, uppsats för 60p. 2007 När Elvis Presley gjorde sitt stora genombrott i USA i mitten på 1950-talet kom han att angripas hårt i bland annat amerikansk press. Upprördheten hade sin grund i Elvis sexuellt utmanande kroppsrörelser och rhythm and blues betonade musik. De här artistiska stildragen avslöjade o...
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2010-10-01
... National Contingency Plan (40 CFR part 300). Onshore oil pipeline facilities means new and existing pipe... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 194.5 Section 194.5 Transportation... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) PIPELINE SAFETY RESPONSE PLANS FOR ONSHORE OIL PIPELINES...
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21 CFR 184.1945 - Vitamin B12.
2010-04-01
... 21 Food and Drugs 3 2010-04-01 2009-04-01 true Vitamin B12. 184.1945 Section 184.1945 Food and... Substances Affirmed as GRAS § 184.1945 Vitamin B12. (a) Vitamin B12, also known as cyanocobalamin (C63H88Co... is used in food at levels not to exceed current good manufacturing practice. Vitamin B12 also may be...
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49 CFR 19.45 - Cost and price analysis.
2010-10-01
... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cost and price analysis. 19.45 Section 19.45... Requirements Procurement Standards § 19.45 Cost and price analysis. Some form of cost or price analysis shall be made and documented in the procurement files in connection with every procurement action. Price...
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Spirit Piagam Jakarta Dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mujar Ibnu Syarif
2016-10-01
Full Text Available Abstract: In the second trial BPUPKI, both nationalist and Islamic groups consensual that the future of Indonesia's independence will be based on the principle "godhood by running Shari'ah obligation for adherents". The consensus seems to be built on the foundation is not solid. Therefore it is not surprising that one day after the proclamation of independence, the agreement re-questioned. That same day, PPKI held a hearing to review the deal. As a result, the clause contained in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution was changed to "Based on Belief in God Almighty". After the issuance of a Presidential Decree, began the debate about the existence of the spirit of the Jakarta Charter in 1945 which is applicable in the context of Indonesian politics in this contemporary age. Abstrak: Spirit Piagam Jakarta dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 Pasca Lahirnya Dekrit Presiden 5 Juli 1959. Pada sidang kedua Badan Penyelidik Usaha-Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (BPUPKI / Dokuritsu Zyunbi Tyosakai yang berlangsung sejak tanggal 10 hingga 16 Juli 1945, baik golongan nasionalis maupun golongan Islam berkonsensus bahwa masa depan Indonesia merdeka akan didasarkan pada sila "Ketuhanan dengan kewajiban menjalankan syari'at Islam bagi pemeluk-pemeluknya". Penting dicatat, konsensus tersebut agaknya dibangun di atas landasan yang tidak kokoh. Karena itu, tidak aneh bila satu hari setelah proklamasi Kemerdekaan RI, tepatnya tanggal 18 Agustus 1945, kesepakatan tersebut kembali dipersoalkan. Pada hari itu juga, Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI yang dibentuk tanggal 7 Agustus 1945 dan diketuai oleh Soekarno, menyelenggarakan sidang untuk meninjau kembali kesepakatan tersebut. Dalam sidang tersebut, anak kalimat yang terdapat dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945 (Piagam Jakarta, yakni: "Berdasarkan kepada Ketuhanan, dengan kewajiban menjalankan syari'at Islam bagi pemeluk-pemeluknya" diubah menjadi "Berdasar atas Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa". Setelah
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National Research Council Canada - National Science Library
Maag, Carl
1982-01-01
This report describes the activities of an estimated 1,000 personnel, both military and civilian, in Project TRINITY, which culminated in detonation of the first nuclear device, in New Mexico in 1945...
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Hiroshima August 6 1945; Hiroshima 6 aout 1945
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Villatoux, P.
2009-07-01
This book makes a comeback on this key event of the Second World War, from the US decision taken by H. Truman in 1945 to use the atomic bomb in Japan up to the geo-political swing which has been its direct consequence. The book allows to bring back the genesis of the Manhattan project, a herculean scientific and technological secret program, to which about 140000 scientists, technicians and engineers have taken part during less than three years. The design of this terrible weaponry has switched the world into a new era, the nuclear one
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PERBANDINGAN PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH AMANDEMEN UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR 1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Yesi Anggraini
2016-04-01
Full Text Available Comparing national development planning as the state policy in the broad outlines in the period before and after the amendment of the Constitution 1945 (UUD 1945 as well as to analyze the position of national development planning guidelines were created after the amendment of the Constitution 1945. Based normative juridical approach, by examining all the rules legislation relating to the legal issues is researched concluded that the First, there are some similarities and differences in the Platform for National Development Planning in the period before and after the 1945 amendment, as for the equation is the substance of the two, whereas the difference lies in the pattern of policy-making, as well as law formulation. Second, the Status Law on National Development Planning System (SPPN and the regulations under it is official documents which contain the cornerstone of development planning in the era of reforms as a change of planning from documents in the past.Keywords: National Development Planning System, the Constitution 1945
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Postwar Perspectives in Danish Musical Culture 1945
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Pedersen, Peder Kaj
by Bernhard Christensen and Herman D. Koppel’s Symphony nr. 3, op. 39. Through a case study of those two works and the reception of their first performance in the cultural perspective sketched above some important tendencies in Danish music in the middle of the 20th century can be shown.......Few months after the end of the German occupation of Denmark in 1945, Gunnar Heerup in an essay (“Kulturen er udelelig” [Culture is indivisible], in: Levende musik, september 1945) argued, that Danish musical culture after the war had to aim at versatility and multiplicity. The national Danish...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rahayu Prasetianingsih
2017-10-01
Full Text Available Konstitusi dapat ditafsirkan berbeda-beda oleh masing-masing rezim yang berkuasa termasuk mengenai kekuasaan Presiden. Di Amerika Serikat berkembang pemikiran yang diperdebatkan apakah presiden memiliki kekuasaan yang sifatnya tersirat (implied power dari kekuasaan yang diberikan oleh konstitusinya, dan berkembang executive order sebagai implied power presiden. Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 sebelum perubahan dinilai memberikan kewenangan atau membuka celah tafsir yang besar pada kekuasaan Presiden. Dengan demikian, paradigma perubahan UUD 1945 diantaranya adanya keinginan untuk mengurangi kekuasaan tersebut. Tulisan ini akan membahas apakah UUD 1945 setelah perubahan telah memberikan kekuasaan yang cukup kepada presiden dan apa saja kewenangan yang merupakan turunan langsung dari kekuasaan presiden. Kekuasaan Presiden berdasarkan UUD 1945 juga mempunyai kecenderungan untuk bertambah seiring dengan berkembangnya sistem ketatangaraan bahkan untuk menjalankan pemerintahan, presiden dapat membentuk Peraturan Pemerintah dan Peraturan Presiden selain terlibat secara langsung dalam pembentukan UU dan dapat mengeluarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang dalam keadaan kegentingan yang memaksa (emergency law. Kewenangan presiden dalam pembentukan UU, Perpu dan PP secara tegas disebutkan dalam UUD 1945, sedangkan kewenangan pembentukan Perpres menjadi kewenangan yang ditafsirkan dari ketentuan Pasal 4 ayat (1 UUD 1945.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Fajar L. Suroso
2016-04-01
Full Text Available The debate over the vice-presidents’ authority reappeared in the administration of President Jokowi after the “authority expansion of the Chief of Presidency Staff” and the case of “Rizal Ramli vs Jusuf Kalla”. This article is intended to provide arguments for the idea of some parties to organize more explicit and detailed the authority of vice-president in the 1945 Constitution. The idea arises from the absence of further arrangement on the authority of vice-president in the 1945 Constitution. This article is systematized into 3 (three sub-theme; 1 the arrangement of the vice-presidents’ authority in the constitution for several countries; 2 The authority of the vice-president according to the 1945 Constitution, and 3 New resultant and the possibility of 1945 Constitution amendment. The result revealed a number of interesting things; 1 the constitutions of other countries do not specify the authority of the vice-president and put the vice-president as a “spare tire” when the president is absent; 2 no new resultant about the position and authority of the vice-president so that theoretically is not reason enough to regulate in detail the authority of the vice-president through the 1945 Constitution amendment; 3 arrangement in detail in the authority of vice-president in the 1945 Constitution holds the potential to confuse the presidential system design as the 1945 Constitution. Therefore, the possibility of vice-presidents’ authority arrangement in the 1945 Constitution through amendment is very small, both in terms of momentum and the substance of issues.
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Reconstruction of the 1945 Wieringermeer Flood
Hoes, O. A. C.; Hut, R. W.; van de Giesen, N. C.; Boomgaard, M.
2013-03-01
The present state-of-the-art in flood risk assessment focuses on breach models, flood propagation models, and economic modelling of flood damage. However, models need to be validated with real data to avoid erroneous conclusions. Such reference data can either be historic data, or can be obtained from controlled experiments. The inundation of the Wieringermeer polder in the Netherlands in April 1945 is one of the few examples for which sufficient historical information is available. The objective of this article is to compare the flood simulation with flood data from 1945. The context, the breach growth process and the flood propagation are explained. Key findings for current flood risk management addresses the importance of the drainage canal network during the inundation of a polder, and the uncertainty that follows from not knowing the breach growth parameters. This case study shows that historical floods provide valuable data for the validation of models and reveal lessons that are applicable in current day flood risk management.
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Sixty years of science at UNESCO 1945-2005
Zharov, V; Glaser, G; Richardson, J; de Padirac, B; Archibald, G
2006-01-01
Sixty Years of Science at UNESCO 1945-2005 offers an inside perspective on the past six decades of this engagement. Written by historians and scientists from all over the world as well as by former and active staff members, the story is enriched by an historical analysis of the first 20 years of the Organization's action in science. The volume traces through six parts the role played by UNESCO in the history of international science cooperation in an ever-changing world : I. Setting the Scene, 1945-1965 II. Basic Sciences and Engineering III. Environmental Sciences IV. Science and Society V. Overviews and Analyses and VI. Looking Ahead. It also features a list of chronological milestones set along the way.
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Harada, Tomoya; Satake, Kenji; Furumura, Takashi
2016-04-01
With the object of estimating seismic intensity, the Earthquakes Research Institute (ERI) of the University of Tokyo performed questionnaire surveys for the significant (destructive or large/great) earthquakes from 1943 to 1988 (Kayano, 1990, BERI). In these surveys, Kawasumi (1943)'s 12-class seismic intensity scale similar to the Modified Mercalli scale (MM-scale) was used. Survey results for earthquakes after 1950 were well investigated and published (e.g. Kayano and Komaki, 1977, BERI; Kayano and Sato, 1975, BERI), but the survey results for earthquakes in the 1940s have not been published and original documents of the surveys was missing. Recently, the original sheets of the surveys for the five earthquakes in the 1940s with more than 1,000 casualties were discovered in the ERI warehouse, although they are incomplete (Tsumura et al, 2010). They are from the 1943 Tottori (M 7.2), 1944 Tonankai (M 7.9), 1945 Mikawa (M 6.8), 1946 Nankai (M 8.0), and 1948 Fukui (M 7.1) earthquakes. In this study, we examined original questionnaire and summary sheets for the 1944 Tonankai, 1945 Mikawa, and 1946 Nanaki earthquakes, and estimated the distributions of seismic intensity, various kinds of damage, and human behaviors in detail. Numbers of the survey points for the 1944, 1945, and 1946 event are 287, 145, and 1,014, respectively. The numbers for the 1944 and 1945 earthquakes are much fewer than that of the 1946 event, because they occurred during the last years of World War II. The 1944 seismic intensities in the prefectures near the source region (Aichi, Mie, Shizuoka, and Gifu Pref.) tend to be high. However, the 1944 intensities are also high and damage is serious at the Suwa Lake shore in Nagano Pref. which is about 240 km far from the source region because seismic waves are amplified dramatically in the thick sediment in the Suwa Basin. Seismic intensities of the 1945 Mikawa earthquake near the source region in Aichi Pref. were very high (X-XI). However, the
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Martha Pigome
2011-05-01
Full Text Available The principle of democracy and nomocracy as state in the Constitution 1945 is the embodiment of the state that based on civil sovereignty and state characteristics that uphold the law. Implemention of those two principles changes the structure of the state that established the Constitutional Court. This institution known as the guardian of democracy of any process of political democatization and legal policy. The consitutional Court plays an important role in maintaining the state constitution (Constitution 1945. Constitutional Court have an authority to solve dispute elections and general election. This institution also have a role to judicial review of any statute that not synchronize with the Constitution 1945.
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Zara, M.Y.
2016-01-01
After the Japanese occupation (1942-1945), the Indonesian archipelago experienced an unprecedented struggle: the Dutch-Indonesian conflict of 1945-1949, also known as the Indonesian Revolution, or the Indonesian War of Independence. This study examines how the leadership of the Republic of Indonesia
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77 FR 54652 - Draft Program Comment for Common Post-1945 Concrete and Steel Bridges
2012-09-05
... constructed by State transportation agencies after 1945, using reinforced concrete or steel beams and designs... proposed Program Comment: Program Comment for Common Post-1945 Concrete and Steel Bridges I. Introduction... reinforced concrete or steel beams and designs that quickly became standardized. These common bridge types...
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Gradmann, Christoph
2016-04-01
This paper analyses how research on antibiotic resistance has been a driving force in the development of new antibiotics. Drug resistance, while being a problem for physicians and patients, offers attractive perspectives for those who research and develop new medicines. It imposes limits on the usability of older medicines and simultaneously modifies pathologies in a way that opens markets for new treatments. Studying resistance can thus be an important part of developing and marketing antibiotics. The chosen example is that of the German pharmaceutical company Bayer. Before World War Two, Bayer had pioneered the development of anti-infective chemotherapy, sulpha drugs in particular, but had missed the boat when it came to fungal antibiotics. Exacerbated by the effects of war, Bayer's world market presence, which had been considerable prior to the war, had plummeted. In this critical situation, the company opted for a development strategy that tried to capitalise on the problems created by the use of first-generation antibiotics. Part and parcel of this strategy was monitoring what can be called the structural change of infectious disease. In practice, this meant to focus on pathologies resulting from resistance and hospital infections. In addition, Bayer also focused on lifestyle pathologies such as athlete's foot. This paper will follow drug development and marketing at Bayer from 1945 to about 1980. In this period, Bayer managed to regain some of its previous standing in markets but could not escape from the overall crisis of anti-infective drug development from the 1970s on.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Villatoux, P.
2009-01-01
This book makes a comeback on this key event of the Second World War, from the US decision taken by H. Truman in 1945 to use the atomic bomb in Japan up to the geo-political swing which has been its direct consequence. The book allows to bring back the genesis of the Manhattan project, a herculean scientific and technological secret program, to which about 140000 scientists, technicians and engineers have taken part during less than three years. The design of this terrible weaponry has switched the world into a new era, the nuclear one
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Fallout forecasting: 1945-1962
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kennedy, W.R. Jr.
1986-03-01
The delayed hazards of fallout from the detonations of nuclear devices in the atmosphere have always been the concern of those involved in the Test Program. Even before the Trinity Shot (TR-2) of July 16, 1945, many very competent, intelligent scientists and others from all fields of expertise tried their hand at the prediction problems. This resume and collection of parts from reports, memoranda, references, etc., endeavor to chronologically outline prediction methods used operationally in the field during Test Operations of nuclear devices fired into the atmosphere
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Signal Security in the Ardennes Offensive: 1944-1945
National Research Council Canada - National Science Library
Moe
1997-01-01
...) during the Ardennes Offensive of 1944-1945. The work includes a brief introduction to the offensive and to the history of SIGSEC, and examines how the American and German armies safeguarded communications from the enemy...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Martha Pigome
2011-05-01
Full Text Available The principle of democracy and nomocracy as state in the Constitution 1945 is the embodiment of the state that based on civil sovereignty and state characteristics that uphold the law. Implemention of those two principles changes the structure of the state that established the Constitutional Court. This institution known as the guardian of democracy of any process of political democatization and legal policy. The consitutional Court plays an important role in maintaining the state constitution (Constitution 1945. Constitutional Court have an authority to solve dispute elections and general election. This institution also have a role to judicial review of any statute that not synchronize with the Constitution 1945. Keywords : Demoratization, Rule of Law, Constitution and Legal Policy
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Early synchrotron design in the UK, 1945-50
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lawson, J.D.
1994-01-01
In 1945 it was decided to initiate a programme of synchrotron development under the aegis of the newly formed Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell. The work was carried out at Malvern, in premises used during the war for radar research, mainly by scientists transferred shortly after the end of the war. Two 30 MeV machines were designed and constructed there, partly for use in physics research, and partly as prototypes for larger machines to be built in Glasgow and Oxford. The most notable achievement was the conversion of a small American betatron by Goward and Barnes to become the world's first synchrotron in 1946. The activities of the Malvern team during the five year period from 1945 are described; extensive references to the published literature and laboratory reports are made, but other material not recorded elsewhere is described. (author)
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7 CFR 1945.18 - United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Agriculture Council (FAC).
2010-01-01
... 7 Agriculture 13 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Agriculture Council (FAC). 1945.18 Section 1945.18 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, RURAL BUSINESS-COOPERATIVE SERVICE, RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE...
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Changes in sediment volume in Alder Lake, Nisqually River Basin, Washington, 1945-2011
Czuba, Jonathan A.; Olsen, Theresa D.; Czuba, Christiana R.; Magirl, Christopher S.; Gish, Casey C.
2012-01-01
The Nisqually River drains the southwest slopes of Mount Rainier, a glaciated stratovolcano in the Cascade Range of western Washington. The Nisqually River was impounded behind Alder Dam when the dam was completed in 1945 and formed Alder Lake. This report quantifies the volume of sediment deposited by the Nisqually and Little Nisqually Rivers in their respective deltas in Alder Lake since 1945. Four digital elevation surfaces were generated from historical contour maps from 1945, 1956, and 1985, and a bathymetric survey from 2011. These surfaces were used to compute changes in sediment volume since 1945. Estimates of the volume of sediment deposited in Alder Lake between 1945 and 2011 were focused in three areas: (1) the Nisqually River delta, (2) the main body of Alder Lake, along a 40-meter wide corridor of the pre-dam Nisqually River, and (3) the Little Nisqually River delta. In each of these areas the net deposition over the 66-year period was 42,000,000 ± 4,000,000 cubic meters (m3), 2,000,000 ± 600,000 m3, and 310,000 ± 110,000 m3, respectively. These volumes correspond to annual rates of accumulation of 630,000 ± 60,000 m3/yr, 33,000 ± 9,000 m3/yr, and 4,700 ± 1,600 m3/yr, respectively. The annual sediment yield of the Nisqually (1,100 ± 100 cubic meters per year per square kilometer [(m3/yr)/km2]) and Little Nisqually River basins [70 ± 24 (m3/yr)/km2] provides insight into the yield of two basins with different land cover and geomorphic processes. These estimates suggest that a basin draining a glaciated stratovolcano yields approximately 15 times more sediment than a basin draining forested uplands in the Cascade Range. Given the cumulative net change in sediment volume in the Nisqually River delta in Alder Lake, the total capacity of Alder Lake since 1945 decreased about 3 percent by 1956, 8 percent by 1985, and 15 percent by 2011.
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[Polish medical ethics in the period 1945-1980].
Wichrowski, Marek
2003-01-01
The purpose of this article is o present that main currents of Polish medical ethics in the years 1945-1980, which the author treats as the 'prehistory' of Poland's contemporary bioethics. The author begins by ascertaining the post-war disappearance of two Polish traditions--that of the Warsaw school of philosopher-physicians (known in the West as the Polish School of Philosophy of Medicine) and the Lwów-Warsaw School of Philosophy. The political system that come into being after 1945 was not conducive to the development of medical ethics, but several clear orientations may be discerned in the utterances of physicians, lawyers, moral technologlans and academic philosophers. The analysis begins with Catholic ethics in its archaic 1950s-vintage form. The author then presents the thinking of ethicians Independent of both the Church and Marxism (the milieu of the journal 'Etyka') as well as the deontological writings of physicians.
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SNJ-1945, a calpain inhibitor, protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+ and rotenone
Knaryan, Varduhi H.; Samantaray, Supriti; Sookyoung, Park; Azuma, Mitsuyoshi; Inoue, Jun; Banik, Naren L.
2014-01-01
Complex pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves multiple CNS cell types. Degeneration in spinal cord neurons alongside brain has been shown to be involved in PD and evidenced in experimental parkinsonism. However, the mechanisms of these degenerative pathways are not well understood. In order to unravel these mechanisms SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were differentiated into dopaminergic and cholinergic phenotypes respectively and used as cell culture model following exposure to two parkinsonian neurotoxicants MPP+ and rotenone. SNJ-1945, a cell-permeable calpain inhibitor was tested for its neuroprotective efficacy. MPP+ and rotenone dose-dependently elevated the levels of intracellular free Ca2+ and induced a concomitant rise in the levels of active calpain. SNJ-1945 pre-treatment significantly protected cell viability and preserved cellular morphology following MPP+ and rotenone exposure. The neurotoxicants elevated the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) more profoundly in SH-SY5Y cells differentiated into dopaminergic phenotype, and this effect could be attenuated with SNJ-1945 pre-treatment. In contrast, significant levels of inflammatory mediators (cyclooxygenase-2, Cox-2 and cleaved p10 fragment of caspase-1) were upregulated in the cholinergic phenotype, which could be dose-dependently attenuated by the calpain inhibitor. Overall, SNJ-1945 was efficacious against MPP+ or rotenone-induced ROS generation, inflammatory mediators, and proteolysis. A post-treatment regimen of SNJ-1945 was also examined in cells and partial protection was attained with calpain inhibitor administration 1–3 h after exposure to MPP+ or rotenone. Taken together these results indicate that calpain inhibition is a valid target for protection against parkinsonian neurotoxicants, and SNJ-1945 is an efficacious calpain inhibitor in this context. PMID:24341912
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Building Bridges: Deference and National Interests
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Roslyng-Jensen, Palle
2016-01-01
Dansk, norsk og svensk tv-udsendelser om Sovjetblokken og sovjetisk politik. Der var i udsendelser fra alle tre stationer hensyntagen til sovjetiske interesser og synspunkter, men i højere grad i svenske udsendelser end i danske og norske.......Dansk, norsk og svensk tv-udsendelser om Sovjetblokken og sovjetisk politik. Der var i udsendelser fra alle tre stationer hensyntagen til sovjetiske interesser og synspunkter, men i højere grad i svenske udsendelser end i danske og norske....
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Budownictwo sakralne w diecezji łódzkiej w latach 1945-1989
Opaliński, Mateusz
2017-01-01
Tematem niniejszej rozprawy jest budownictwo sakralne w diecezji łódzkiej w latach 1945–1989. Omawiana kwestia jest emanacją ogólnego konfliktu między Kościołem rzymskokatolickim a władzami państwowymi w tzw. Polsce Ludowej. Potrzeba wznoszenia nowych miejsc sprawowania kultu religijnego była istotna z punktu widzenia Episkopatu, a także zasadna biorąc pod uwagę zmiany, jakie zaszły po 1945 r. w strukturze demograficznej i wyznaniowej. Wznoszenie obiektów sakralnych było wówczas znakiem zarów...
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7 CFR 1945.35 - Special EM loan training.
2010-01-01
...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) EMERGENCY Disaster Assistance-General § 1945.35 Special EM loan training... workshop and a test. (c) Objective. The basic objective of this training program is to keep State and... employees in administering the EM loan program. (d) Comprehensive EM loan training package. A comprehensive...
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Soviet Nationalities in German Wartime Strategy, 1941-1945.
1982-08-01
at War, 1 939-1945, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y., 1966. Steiner , Felix, Die Armee der Geachteten, Plesse Verlag, Gettingen, 1963. -,Die...Baumeister, Rudolf , "Erfahrungen mit Ostfreiwilligen," Wehrkunde, April 1955. Davydov, I. V., "Propaganda idei druzby narodov v period bitvy za Kavkaz
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Nuclear technology in the Netherlands, 1945-1974
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lagaaij, A.; Verbong, G.
1998-01-01
The history of the development of the application of nuclear energy in the Netherlands after the Second World War is described for the period 1945-1974, focusing on the most important technical projects, the parties involved and their mutual, often difficult, relations. The most important players in this field were the scientists, the electric utilities, the Dutch government and the industry
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La música orquestal peruana de 1945 a 2005 : Identidades en la diversidad
Petrozzi-Stubin, Clara
2009-01-01
Peruvian orchestral music 1945–2005. Identities in diversity Peruvian music for orchestra has not been studied as a whole before, and is hardly known by Peruvian musicians and public. The aim of the thesis is to give a panoramic view of Peruvian orchestral music after 1945, study the particular historical context in which these works were created and how they reflect the search for a musical identity of its own, be it individual, local, national or Latin American. Identity is a cons...
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Changing the Subject: English in London, 1945-1967
Yandell, John
2014-01-01
Two recent books, "English Teachers in a Postwar Democracy: Emerging Choice in London Schools, 1945-1965" and "The London Association for the Teaching of English, 1947-67: A History," explore an important period in the development of English as a school subject and in the remaking of the professional identity of English…
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Frede P. Jensen og den danske indkredsning af Vasatidens Sverige 40 år efter
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Andersen, Dan H.
2016-01-01
Artiklen er en analyse af receptionen af Frede P. Jensens kritik af den svenske historiker Arthur Stilles indflydelsesrige teori fra 1918 om årsagerne den svenske stormagts opståen. Stilles teori så den svenske politik som et grundlæggende defensivt og eksistentielt svar på en dansk indkredsning af...
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NATIONALIZATION OF THE FRENCH CAPITAL IN CROATIA 1945 - AN EXAMPLE OF THE SODOAD COMPANY
Anić, Tomislav
2007-01-01
In 1945 "the revolutionary forces" gained political power in Yugoslavia. The economic and political transformation necessary for the development of a socialist society was possible only by abrogating the existing proprietary relations. This is exactly the reason why the Communist Party of Yugoslavia decided to disown all capital holders (including foreign capital holders) in order to withhold the material basis for the power struggle. The SODOAD company was among firms nationalized in 1945.
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Makhotina, Ekaterina, 1982-
2014-01-01
Arvustus: Julija Z. Kantor. Pribaltika. Vojna bez pravil (1939-1945) Sankt-Peterburg, 2011 ; Lev F. Sockov. Pribaltika i geopolitika 1935-1945 gg. Rassekreennye dokumenty Služby vnešnej razvedki Rossiskoj Federacii. Moskva, 2009 ; Anatolij A. Sazonov. "Sovetskaja okkupacija" Pribaltiki v archivnych dokumentach. Projekt "Argumenty istiny". Moskva, 2009
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Revisiting the November 27, 1945 Makran (Mw=8.2) interplate earthquake
Zarifi, Z.; Raeesi, M.
2012-04-01
Makran Subduction Zone (MSZ) in southern Iran and southwestern Pakistan is a zone of convergence, where the remnant oceanic crust of Arabian plate is subducting beneath the Eurasian plate with a rate of less than 30 mm/yr. The November 27, 1945 earthquake (Mw=8.2) in eastern section of Makran followed by a tsunami, at some points 15 meters high. More than 4000 victims and widespread devastation along the coastal area of Pakistan, Iran, Oman and India are reported for this earthquake. We have collected the old seismograms of the 1945 earthquake and its largest following earthquake (August 5, 1947, Mw=7.3) from a number of stations around the globe. Using ISS data, we relocated these two events. We used the teleseismic body-waveform inversion code of Kikuchi and Kanamori to determine the slip distribution of these two earthquakes for the first time. The results show that the extent of rupture of the 1945 earthquake is larger than what previously had been approximated in other studies. The slip distribution suggests two distinct sets of asperities with different behavior in the west close to Pasni and in the east close to Ormara. The highest slip was obtained for an area between these two cities which shows geological evidence of rapid uplift. To associate this behavior with the structure of slab interface we studied the TPGA (Trench Parallel Free-air Gravity Anomaly) and TPBA (Trench Parallel Bouguer Anomaly) in MSZ. The results of TPGA does not show the expected phenomenon, which is the correlation of asperities with the area of highly negative TPGA. However, TPBA can make correlation between the observed slip distribution and the structure of slab interface. Using the topography and gravity profiles perpendicular to trench and along the MSZ, we could observe the segmentation in the slab interface. This confirms that we barely expect that the whole interface releases energy in one single megathrust earthquake. Current seismicity in MSZ, although sparse, can fairly
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United States Nuclear Tests, July 1945 through September 1992, December 2000
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
U.S. Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office
2000-12-01
This document list chronologically and alphabetically by name all nuclear tests and simultaneous detonations conducted by the United States from July 1945 through September 1992. Revision 15, dated December 2000.
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Hiroshima Diary - August 6-September 30, 1945
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hachiya, Michihiko; Duran, Simon
2011-01-01
Michihiko Hachiya was director of the Hiroshima Communications Hospital when the world's first atomic bomb was dropped on the city. Though his responsibilities in the appalling chaos of a devastated city were awesome, he found time to record the story daily, with compassion and tenderness. Hachiya's diary covers the period from Aug. 6, 1945 to Sept. 30, 1945. He described the effects of the atomic bomb blast from its first flash in the early morning as he rested from his night shift as an air warden at the hospital. The force of the blast stripped all the clothes from his body but he and his wife survived, however they both received serious burns to their bodies and had to journey to the hospital Michihiko worked at. He spent the night in the care of the hospital staff who were not seriously injured and started making his daily rounds that he would have normally made as a doctor. As time passes an understanding of what hit their city clears up, and historical events such as the surrender of Japan are brought up. The condition of the hospital also drastically improves as more medical supplies are brought into the city, allowing them to better treat patients
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Katrin Bromber
2009-05-01
Full Text Available Review of the monograph: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-515-09161-9, 359 pages. Besprechung der Monographie: Holger Stoecker: Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945. Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-515-09161-9, 359 Seiten.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tamás Kovács
2015-01-01
Full Text Available Kovács, Mária M. 2012 : Törvénytől sújtva – a numerus clausus Magyarországon, 1920-1945 (Down by the Law - the Numerus Clausus in Hungary, 1920-1945. Budapest, Napvilág Kiadó, 2012. 267 pp. Reviewed by Tamás Kovács, Magyar Országos Levéltár (Hungarian National Archives, Budapest
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Paradoxale modernisering : Ede, 1945-1995: groot geworden, herkenbaar gebleven
Bloembergen-Lukkes, J.R.
2014-01-01
Summary
Paradoxical ModernizationEde, 1945-1995: Grew big, remained recognizable
After the Second World War, like many other municipalities in the Netherlands and elsewhere in
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Den danske FN-aktivismes storhed og fald 1945-2016
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Jakobsen, Peter Viggo; Kjærsgaard, Kristine
2017-01-01
Traktat Organisation (NATO) og amerikansk-ledede koalitioner. De store skift i den danske FN aktivisme i perioden 1945-2016 analyseres i tre domæner: diplomati, økonomi og militær ved hjælp af fire indikatorer: frivillighed, initiativrigdom, risikovillighed og ressourceforbrug. FN’s aktivismens storhed og...
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MENGGAGAS AMANDEMEN UUD 1945 DARI PEMILUKADA
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Wendy Melfa
2013-01-01
Full Text Available The Head of Region Election is a means of democracy for the autonomy region in the efforts to implement the local autonomy through the process of decentralization in the political field to manage and take care the government’s matters in the efforts to improve the people’s welfare which is based on the Section 18 Article (4 Basic Constitution 1945 of Republic Indonesia as its constitutional foundation. At the operational level of constitutional base can cause multiple interpretations about the democracy model that can be carried out. Therefore, that decision needs to be taken an amendment so that it results the clarity and firmness of the Head of Region Election stated firmly and elected directly by people. Furthermore, there’s still “debatable” opinion to classify whether head of general election is included in the regional government regime or the public election regime, so that it needs an amendment towards Chapter VIIB about General Election Section 22E Article (2 Basic Constitution 1945 of Republic Indonesia, that’s why to classify the Head of Region into the General Election management together with House of Representative (DPR, Board of Regional Representative (DPD President and Vice President and also Regional House of Representative (DPRD. This case will clarify that Head of Region Election is categorized or classified in the General Election regime. Key words: local autonomy, head of region election, amendment
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United States Nuclear Tests, July 1945 through September 1992, September 2015
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
None, None
2015-09-01
This document lists chronologically and alphabetically by name all nuclear tests and simultaneous detonations conducted by the United States from July 1945 through September 1992. This is Revision 16, dated September 2015.
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Double income tax between UK and US, 1914-1945 – Impact on UK multinationals
Izawa, Ryo
2015-01-01
Tax rates on business income in many countries increased enormously during World War I and stayed at a much higher level than before the war. Particularly, the UK multinationals with subsidiaries based elsewhere other than the Empire suffered from the situation because the UK did not provide a foreign tax relief until 1945, when a tax treaty with US was signed. The aim of this paper is to clarify the historical premises of establishment of the tax treaty in 1945. The major premise of this pap...
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SOUTH AFRICA AND THE WAR AGAINST JAPAN 1941-1945
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Second World War contain few details of South . Africans who served in the Far East. Commander. H.R. Gordon-Cumming's unpublished Official His- tory of the SA Naval Forces in the Second World. War 1939-1945 includes narratives of the two South. African ships which served in the Far East, HMSAS. BARBRAKE.
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[Causes of death of German refugee children in 1945].
Lylloff, K
2000-02-28
In the last months of the second World War, 250,000 German refugees landed in Denmark. A third of them were children under the age of 15. Seven thousand German refugee children under the age of five died in Denmark in 1945. Using birth certificates and death certificates from the Danish national archives and burial lists from the German refugee cemetaries I have collected data to reveal causes of death, age distributions and time of the deaths of the 7000 fatal cases among children under the age of five. Three thousand children under the age of one, 2000 children one year old and 2000 children 2-4 years old died. Most of them died just before and after the German surrender, but many died in the months following the German surrender. The infant mortality was extremely high all during 1945. The infants died from diseases due to malnutrition, but the older the children the more likely the causes of death were due to infectious diseases such as pneumonia, measles, diphtheria and gastroenteritis.
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Československo 1945–1948: Případ hybridního režimu?
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jaroslav Bílek
2014-08-01
Full Text Available This article presents an interpretative case study utilizing the concept of hybrid regimes as presented by Leah Gilbert and Payam Mohseni to analyse the political regime of Czechoslovakia between the years 1945–1948. Our aim is to demonstrate that rather than a mere transitional phase on the road from democracy to authoritarianism or an episode of final tremors of the pre-war (democratic regime, the 1945–1945 regime represents a full-fledged hybrid, rooted in the specific conditions of the post-war period. One of the major problems in contemporary discussions about hybrid regimes is the blurred and somewhat unstable boundary between democratic and authoritarian regimes, especially when viewed only as a function of the electoral processes and mechanics. Gilbert and Mohseni’s classification of hybrid regimes attempts to overcome this problem by including two additional analytic dimensions, allowing to point at the dynamic development of the political regime in post-war Czechoslovakia and its rather lively movement on the scale between authoritarianism and democracy.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Vicente Saul Moreira dos Santos
2011-12-01
Full Text Available Durante a Primeira República (1889-1930, a criação das Sociedades de Assistência aos Lázaros e Defesa Contra a Lepra, na década de 1920, foi um marco nas relações entre as entidades assistenciais e os poderes públicos. Inicialmente aquelas entidades mantiveram autonomia decisória, mas suas diretrizes mudaram quando estabeleceram relações mais próximas com a política de combate à lepra, após a criação do Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública, em 1930, no âmbito das reformas implementadas a partir de então, e, especialmente, durante a prolongada gestão de Gustavo Capanema à frente daquele ministério (1934-1945.The 1920s creation of Sociedades de Assistência aos Lázaros e Defesa Contra a Lepra under Brazil's First Republic (1889-1930 represented a milestone in relations between assistance organizations and the government. Although these organizations were at first autonomous decision-makers, their guidelines changed after they established closer relations with the government, which enacted reforms in policies to fight leprosy following the 1930 creation of the Ministry of Education and Public Health, especially during the long tenure of Minister Gustavo Capanema (1934-1945.
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Colonialism and Secondary Technical Education in Hong Kong: 1945-1997
Lau, Wai Wah; Kan, Flora
2011-01-01
This study examines the influence of the colonial experience (1945-1997) on the planning of secondary technical education in Hong Kong. Specifically, the origins of secondary technical institutions and their positioning in secondary education are examined. Primary source materials are used as the basis of investigation and analysis, supplemented…
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Diebel, Martin [Zentrum fuer Zeithistorische Forschung, Potsdam (Germany)
2017-07-01
The book civil and catastrophe protection in the Federal republic of Germany and the United Kingdom after 1945 discusses the following issues: aerial defense and the atomic bomb (1945 - 1968), crises and catastrophes in the shadow of the bomb (1962 - 1978), civil defense and the comeback of the (nuclear) war (1976 - 1979), civil defense and the second ''Cold War'' (1979 - 1986), Chernobyl and the end of the Cold War (1979 - 1990), war, catastrophe and safety in the 20th century - a conclusion.
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The Nation and the Soldier in German Civil-Military Relations, 1800-1945
National Research Council Canada - National Science Library
Brumley, Donald W
2005-01-01
This study of civil-military relations addresses the parallel development of the professional soldier and the Prussian-German Army from 1806 until 1945, as well as the rise of nationalism in central...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ridwan Mukti
2016-01-01
Full Text Available The amandement of Article 18 UUD 1945, has brought significant changes in the regional administration. One of the changes associated with the position of head region, which previously for this position and for the vice of head region elected by the Legislative Council, Now it is elected trough election. Article 18 paragraph (4 UUD 1945 states as follows : " Governor, Regent, and Mayor respectively as head of the provincial government, district, and city elected democratically. " Term " democratically elected " under Article 18 paragraph (4 UUD 1945 is implemented through the provisions of Article 56 paragraph (1 of Law No. 32 of 2004 on Regional Government, which stipulates that all regional heads both governors, regents and mayors elected as a pair of candidates directly by the people. In fact, the provisions of the law apply to all areas without considering the fact different areas , so it has attracted a wide range of issues. Though the constitution does not definitively establish that such electoral procedures. Similarly uniformity to diversity in terms of uniformity of areas including recruitment system or filling the post of regional head felt at odds with the fact of diversity in Indonesia. Keywords : Regional Head; Regional Diversity ABSTRAK Adanya perubahan ketentuan Pasal 18 UUD 1945, telah membawa perubahan yang cukup besar pada penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah. Salah satu perubahan itu terkait dengan pengisian jabatan kepala daerah, yang sebelumnya kepala daerah dan wakil kepala daerah dipilih oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah, saat ini telah diubah dengan cara pemilihan secara demokratis. Pasal 18 ayat (4 UUD 1945 menyatakan sebagai berikut : “Gubernur, Bupati, dan Walikota masing-masing sebagai kepala pemerintah daerah provinsi, kabupaten, dan kota dipilih secara demokratis.“ Istilah “dipilih secara demokratis “ berdasarkan Pasal 18 ayat (4 UUD 1945 tersebut diimplementasikan melalui ketentuan Pasal 56 ayat
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Trabajadores, economía de guerra y huelga general. Porto Alegre, 1942- 1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
García Schneider, Paula
2011-01-01
Full Text Available Entre los años 1942-1945, los trabajadores porto-alegrenses se encontraban inmersos en una economía que podríamos llamar de guerra. Esa economía tuvo implicancias en su calidad de vida, debido a la carestía, especulación y pérdida progresiva del salario real. Asimismo, si bien desde la implementación del Estado Novo en 1937 el gobierno se proponía domesticar a los trabajadores, en 1942, con la intromisión del Brasil en la Segunda Guerra Mundial para lograr la intensificación de la producción, fue recortada la legislación que protegía a los trabajadores. Se pretende a partir del análisis de la escasez de alimentos y aumento del costo de vida, analizar cómo esto afectaba la vida de los trabajadores porto-alegrenses, y a su vez, cómo los trabajadores en 1945 inician un movimiento huelguista en el marco de la crisis del Estado Novo. From 1942 to 1945, the workers of Porto Alegre were immersed in what could be called a war economy. That economy had consequences in their quality of life, given the scarcity, speculation and progressive loss of the real wages. Also, despite the implementation of the Estado Novo in 1937, an attempt to placate the workers; in 1942, with the involvement of Brazil in the Second World War and with the purpose of intensifying production, the legislation that protected workers was whittled down.Considering the information about food shortages and the increase in the cost of living, the impact on the life of the Porto Alegre worker is analyzed, as well as, the manner in which in 1945, the workers started a strike movement in the context of the crisis of the Estado Novo.
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United States nuclear tests, July 1945 through September 1992
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
1994-12-01
This document lists chronologically and alphabetically by name all nuclear tests and simultaneous detonations conducted by the United States from July 1945 through September 1992. Several tests conducted during Operation Dominic involved missile launches from Johnston Atoll. Several of these missile launches were aborted, resulting in the destruction of the missile and nuclear device either on the pad or in the air.
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O tradicionalismo monarquista (1928-1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Teresa Malatian
2013-04-01
Full Text Available Pretende-se neste artigo abordar alguns aspectos do Catolicismo no Brasil entre 1928 e 1945, período em que se deu a fundação e o desenvolvimento do movimento monarquista Pátria-Nova na cidade de São Paulo, sob a chefia de Arlindo Veiga dos Santos. Para a análise foram utilizadas fontes manuscritas, imprensa e entrevistas de História Oral com participantes do movimento, numa perspectiva da cultura política tradicionalista. A análise permitiu verificar o envolvimento da Igreja na política na perspectiva do Neotomismo e de aportes dos pensadores tradicionalistas que se ramificaram em organizações do laicato como as congregações marianas e o Centro D.Vital.
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[Umgesiedelt - Vertrieben. Deutschbalten und Polen 1939-1945 im Warthegau] / Karsten Brüggemann
Brüggemann, Karsten, 1965-
2012-01-01
Arvustus: Umgesiedelt - Vertrieben. Deutschbalten und Polen 1939-1945 im Warthegau / hrsg. von Eckhart Neander und Andrzej Sakson. Marburg : Verlag Herder-Institut 2010. (Tagungen zur Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, 29)
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WAS COMET C/1945 X1 (DU TOIT) A DWARF, SOHO-LIKE KREUTZ SUNGRAZER?
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sekanina, Zdenek [Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109 (United States); Kracht, Rainer, E-mail: Zdenek.Sekanina@jpl.nasa.gov, E-mail: R.Kracht@t-online.de [Ostlandring 53, D-25335 Elmshorn, Schleswig-Holstein (Germany)
2015-12-10
The goal of this investigation is to reinterpret and upgrade the astrometric and other data on comet C/1945 X1, the least prominent among the Kreutz system sungrazers discovered from the ground in the twentieth century. The central issue is to appraise the pros and cons of a possibility that this object is—despite its brightness reported at discovery—a dwarf Kreutz sungrazer. We confirm Marsden’s conclusion that C/1945 X1 has a common parent with C/1882 R1 and C/1965 S1, in line with the Sekanina and Chodas scenario of their origin in the framework of the Kreutz system’s evolution. We integrate the orbit of C/1882 R1 back to the early twelfth century and then forward to around 1945 to determine the nominal direction of the line of apsides and perform a Fourier analysis to get insight into effects of the indirect planetary perturbations. To better understand the nature of C/1945 X1, its orbital motion, fate, and role in the hierarchy of the Kreutz system, as well as to attempt detecting the comet’s possible terminal outburst shortly after perihelion and answer the question in the title of this investigation, we closely examined the relevant Boyden Observatory logbooks and identified both the photographs with the comet’s known images and nearly 20 additional patrol plates, taken both before and after perihelion, on which the comet or traces of its debris will be searched for, once the process of their digitization, currently conducted as part of the Harvard College Observatory’s DASCH Project, has been completed and the scanned copies made available to the scientific community.
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Fusion research in the UK 1945-1960
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hendry, J.; Lawson, J.D.
1993-01-01
Two workers, involved in the research programmes themselves, document the developments in fusion research in the United Kingdom from 1945 until 1960. Started as part of the official history of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, the text is drawn from work by various teams of scientists at laboratories around the United Kingdom. This previewing of the research programmes lead to an inevitable evaluation of their worth, an assessment of their political implications and speculation on whether certain changes might have advanced scientific progress more readily. (U.K.)
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Command and Control of Guerrilla Groups in the Philippines, 1941-1945
2017-05-25
Jerry’s “All Those who Remained: The American-Led Guerrillas in the Philippines, 1942-1945” focuses exclusively on the resistance on Luzon. He...coastlines from steep hills to smooth sandy beaches; transportation from luxury airliner to carabao cart; inhabitants from educated Americans and
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Wisniewska, Joanna Ewa
2006-01-01
Below mentioned Dissertation depicts one of the most complex issues of polish/german questions of post war history: German nation eviction from the territory handed over to Polish administration as a result of Potsdam pact. This issue applies to the area of present-day Paslek district (former Kreis Preußisch Holland) situated in western part of the previously known Eastern Prussia (now Warmia and Mazury region).Time range indicate on one hand permission of district evacuation (21 Jan 1945) an...
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Paradoxale modernisering : Ede, 1945-1995: groot geworden, herkenbaar gebleven
Bloembergen-Lukkes, J.R.
2014-01-01
Summary Paradoxical Modernization Ede, 1945-1995: Grew big, remained recognizable After the Second World War, like many other municipalities in the Netherlands and elsewhere in the Western World, Ede experienced a period of rapid economic and population growth, of mobility, increase in scale, urbanization, better education, professionalization, individualization and democratization. Developments that may be summarized in the word modernization. I wondered if modernization is an exogenous proc...
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A Study of the Factors Conditioning College Mathematics, 1890-1945.
Whittington, Russell, Jr.
This study attempted to determine (1) the nature of the influences conditioning college mathematics, (2) the impact of these influences, and (3) the changes which seem to have resulted during three chronological periods from 1890 to 1945. For each period of the study certain basic questions were investigated (1) learning theory in the teaching of…
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Found: The Original 1945 Records of Australian Radio Astronomy
Goss, Miller; Ekers, Ron; Sim, Helen
2015-08-01
In July 2014, we found the original records of the first published Australian radio astronomy observations. These were obtained by Joseph L. Pawsey and Ruby Payne-Scott in early October 1945. The observations gave strong evidence of a million degree corona as well as frequent radio bursts.These observations followed earlier detections of the radio sun by Stanley Hey, George Southworth, Grote Reber and Elizabeth Alexander. The latter observations (the "Norfolk Island Effect" of March 1945) were the immediate motivation for the campaign carried out by Pawsey and Payne-Scott.These observations formed the basis for a number of pioneering publications: the 9 February 1946 Nature paper of Pawsey, Payne-Scott and McCready which was submitted on the last date on which data was obtained on 23 October 1945, the major publication of the initial Australian radio solar publication in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of London in August 1947 and Pawsey's presentation of the radio properties of the million degree corona in the Nature of 2 November 1946. Contemporaneously with these publications, D. F.Martyn was involved in an independent theoretical study of the properties of the solar corona.(Ginzburg and Shklovsky were also involved in this era in a study of the properties of the corona.) The back-to-back Martyn and Pawsey Nature papers were the first that described the radio properties of the hot corona, due to free-free emission. The division of the observed emission into "bursting" and "quiet" modes was challenging for the novice radio astronomers.These historical records had been recognized by Paul Wild in 1968, who instructed the CSIRO Division of Radiophysics secretary to E.("Taffy") G. Bowen, Ms. Sally Atkinson, to submit these to the Australian Academy of Science. Wild characterized these documents as "of considerable historical interest". Apparently the transmission of the documents was not done; a thorough search of the Australian Academy Library in August 2014
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Imai, Yasuo
2007-01-01
This paper examines the development of educational theory in Japan from 1945 to the present in five time divisions: (1) postwar "new education" and its critics (1945-52); (2) revisionist educational policy versus the people's education movement (1952-61); (3) the formation of "postwar pedagogy" as a self-reflection of the…
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7 CFR 1945.19 - Reporting potential natural disasters and initial actions.
2010-01-01
... 7 Agriculture 13 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Reporting potential natural disasters and initial... Assistance-General § 1945.19 Reporting potential natural disasters and initial actions. (a) Purpose. The purpose of reporting potential natural disasters is to provide a systematic procedure for rapid reporting...
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MOMOWO: Women Designers, Craftswomen, Architects and Engineers between 1918 and 1945
Groot, M.H.; Helena Seražin, Helena Seražin
2017-01-01
The book consists of six chapters, which present achievements by European women – pioneers in the fields of architecture, civil engineering, interior and industrial design and arts and crafts, who were active in the period between 1918 and 1945. The chapter Crossing Geographies deals with the
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Take-Off. De opbouw van de Nederlandse luchtstrijdkrachten 1945-1973
van der Vegt, Q.J.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/327931558
2013-01-01
There has been little academic focus on the build-up of the Dutch Air Force after the Second World War. The aim of this study is to identify the key developments in the build-up and sustainment of the Dutch air force between 1945 and 1973 and to answer the question as to which factors and actors
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Johannes Hempel a jeho spisy do roku 1945
Kovács, Kristián
2008-01-01
I am trying to summarize life and theological work of Johannes Hempel till 1945. He was interested in special topics of Ethics of ancient Israel and Questions of profetic literature. By my research I was trying to include life and work of Johannes Hempel in his era and teological schools, define his work and compare it with other Old Testament scholars of his era. With reference to political situation of contemporar Germany (NS Regime) I prefer to accent Hempel's political ideas and engagemen...
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ROMANIA’S FOREIGN TRADE BETWEEN 1945 AND 1989
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Andrei – Cristian Balasan
2013-03-01
Full Text Available In this paper we have analysed a “special” period in the history of Romania’s trade, namely the period when market economy was replaced by the state economy. It is the period preceding the transition. We analysed how Romania’s exports and imports have evolved between 1945 and 1989, highlighting the events that influenced trade, and also what changes occurred in the structure of exports and imports by product groups and, not least, who were the main external partners of Romania.
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Beim, Anne; Dahl, Torben; Sørensen, Peter
1993-01-01
I december 1992 var svensk LECA inviteret til en åben svensk konkurrence. Målet var at tegne en lille boligblok med 5-12 boliger. De skulle udformes inden for det eksisterende bygningsreglement. Publikationen viser vinderforslagene fra konkurrencen ...
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The Liberalization of Canadian Immigration Policy (1945-1976
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mariia Burtseva
2017-07-01
Full Text Available Immigration policy has played a key role in Canadian history since the second half of 19th century. Certainly, immigration legislation was a major element of it. Some of the most important reforms in Canadian immigration policy took place in the first decades after the Second World War. This was a time of multiple legislative reforms conducted by the Canadian government, but in general, the immigration regulations introduced during that period started the process of liberalization in this area. The Immigration Act of 1976 played a key role in building up the new liberal strategy of Canadian immigration. The pre-reform period is also important because it helps to understand the evolution process from discrimi¬native legislation to liberal policy. Therefore, the focus of this study is on the development of Canadian immigration policy from 1945 to 1976. The present research examines the main preconditions for the adoption of the 1976 Immigration Act. It analyses legislation regulations, which paved the ground for post-war Canadian immigration policy, with a particular emphasis on regula-tions enacted from 1945 to 1976. This article provides an overview of Canadian immigration policy in post-war period. It also identifies successive documents that proved particularly influential for Canadian immigration policy at the time. The findings of this research point to a variety of causes for the legislation changes, from foreign and domestic policy to economy policy.
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The Deportation of Germans from Romania to the Soviet Union in 1944–1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Murádin János Kristóf
2015-08-01
Full Text Available The study outlines the capturing of prisoners by the Red Army taking control over Transylvania in the fall of 1944. It presents the second wave of capturing: the deportations in January-February 1945, pronouncedly oriented toward the German community (Transylvanian Saxons and Swabians primarily living in the Banat. There are described the circumstances of capturing the prisoners, the number of those taken away, the routes of their deportation, the locations and lengths of their captivity, the number of the victims, and the return of the survivors. Finally, the remembrance of the 1945 Soviet deportations, their present social embeddedness is expounded. The source material of the study consists of specialist books, essays, published recollections, and interviews with survivors made by the author and other researchers
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Economies of scale in electricity generation and transmission since 1945
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Tombs, F.
1978-01-01
Progress in the electricity supply industry since 1945 is reviewed with particular reference to increased ratings of plant and transmission. The contribution of nuclear energy is emphasised. Developments which have taken place, and policy within the nuclear industry since the construction of Calder Hall, are examined. The performance of the Magnox stations, difficulties with AGRs, and the debate on the choice of reactors are discussed. (U.K.)
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Macht der gewoonte. Regels en rituelen in de Tweede Kamer na 1945
Hoetink, A.C.
2018-01-01
In The Power of Habit. Rules and rituals in Dutch Parliament since 1945 the concept of parliamentary culture is used for a close and comprehensive examination of the cultural identity of the main representative and legislative body of the Netherlands, otherwise known as the Second Chamber. This
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Heather Goodall
2011-11-01
Full Text Available At the end of World War 2, there were high hopes across the Indian Ocean for a new world in which the relationships between working people would mean more than the borders which separated them. This paper will explore the fate of the hopes for new worlds, in the decades after 1945, by following the uneven relationships among working class Australians, Indonesians and Indians in the aftermath of an intense political struggle in Australia from 1945 to 1949 in support of Indonesian independence. They had been brought together by intersections between the networks established through colonialism, like trade unions, communism and feminism, with those having much longer histories, like Islam. The men and women in this Australian setting expressed their vision in 1945 for a future of universal and transnational networks across the Indian Ocean which would continue the alliances they had found so fruitful. Today their experiences as well as their hopes might be called cosmopolitanism – they expected that the person-to-person friendships they were forming could be sustained and be able to negotiate the differences between them to achieve common aims. Although these hopes for new futures of universal alliances and collaborations were held passionately in the 1940s, all seem to have died by 1970, diverted by newly independent national trajectories and defeated by the Cold War. Yet many of the relationships persisted far longer than might be expected and their unravelling was not inevitable. This paper will trace the course of a few of the relationships which began in the heat of the campaigns in Australia, 1943 to 1945, in order to identify the continuing common ground as well as the rising tensions which challenged them.
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[Central Work Camp in Jaworzno (1945-1949) -- epidemiological aspects -- attempt of evaluation].
Smolik, Przemysław
2013-01-01
Publication presents the short history of camp hospital which was organised in 1943 Nazi concentration camp Neu-Dachs in Jaworzno. The camp was a branch of Oświecim concentration camp. Atfer the war damage of the camp, the restoration was begun in 1945. Already in Febraury 1945, in place of German concentration camp, rises Central Work Camp. Several thousands of prisoners of war were placed there. The prisoners of war: Germans, Volksdeutches, Silesians were forced emlpoyed in nearby coal mines. Since 1947 the camp was a place of staying for several thousands Ukrainians who were displaced from eastern part of Poland in "Vistula Operation". Based on available written materials, publication is an attempt to analyse and evaluate: sanitary conditions, prison illnesses, mortality reasons among prisoners, hospital equipment, personel work conditions. The publication gives opportunity to compare conditions of prison hospital under nazi occupation and conditions in the camp which was organised in the same place under Stalin system of terror.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bergkvist, Nils-Olov; Ferm, Ragnhild
2000-07-01
The main part of this report is a list of nuclear explosions conducted by the United States, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, France, China, India and Pakistan in 1945-98. The list includes all known nuclear test explosions and is compiled from a variety of sources including officially published information from the USA, Russia and France. The details given for each explosion (date, origin time, location, yield, type, etc.) are often compiled from more than one source because the individual sources do not give complete information. The report includes a short background to nuclear testing and provides brief information on the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty and the verification regime now being established to verify compliance with the treaty. It also summarizes nuclear testing country by country. The list should be used with some caution because its compilation from a variety of sources means that some of the data could be incorrect. This report is the result of cooperation between the Defence Research Establishment (FOA) and the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)
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1945-1985-40 years of Nuclear Industry: an overview of important radiation accidents
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Oliveira, A.R. de.
1986-08-01
Approximately 180 radiation accidents which occurred in the world during the period 1945-1985 are summarized. The necessity of the availability of a database specifically oriented toward researchers interested in studying the different radiation accidents reported is emphasized. (M.A.C.) [pt
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In de ban van een beter verleden : Het Nederlandse fascisme 1923-1945
Huberts, Willy Sjoerd
2017-01-01
'Under the spell of a better past' offers a complete survey of the rise, the flourishing and fall of almost all (over 60) fascist political parties in the Netherlands during the period 1923-1945. It discusses the entire spectrum: from the foundation in 1923 of the Union of Actualists to the fall of
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Hungarian-Russian Bilingual Schools in Hungary during the Soviet Occupation (1945-1989)
Vamos, Agnes
2018-01-01
Through the example of the establishment, functioning, and closing of bilingual schools during the Soviet occupation of Hungary, this paper aims to introduce this segment of public education in Central-Eastern Europe. In the period between 1945 and 1989, the learning of Russian as a compulsory subject was introduced, teaching other languages was…
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Excavation of Site U14/1945, Oropi Valley, Tauranga
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Campbell, M.
2004-01-01
Site U14/1945 was originally recorded as two small terraces, with two probable kumara storage pits visible on the surface of the upper terrace, and shell midden visible on the surface of the lower terrace, on a low, approximately 4 m high, hill. The most unusual feature in the site, and my main purpose in writing this paper, was the oven scoop in Trench 1. This feature appeared rather unusual when excavated for a number of reasons. 6 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Andreas Åkerlund
2015-05-01
Full Text Available The article investigates the financial basis of state-sponsored international academic exchange through the Swedish Institute (SI. Founded in 1945 the SI is the main institution for Swedish public diplomacy and is as such part of modern foreign policy and Swedish soft power. This article maps the changing sources of funding as well as the sums spent on academic exchange from 1945–2010. It also discusses the various forms of exchange programs and gives an overview of the ideas behind and arguments for such programs. The overall picture is that state-sponsored exchange after 1945 has expanded. Not only has more and more money been spent on exchange, which led to an increase in the number of persons benefitted, but there has also been a diversification in exchange schemes towards parallel programs, each designed to fulfill a certain task. Though they fund different parts of the SI exchange scheme, the main sources of funding, however, have remained the same: the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, various development assistance agencies and programs as well as the Ministry for Education.
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Incongruent pronomianl case in the Swedish dialect of Västra Nyland (Finland)
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Jørgensen, Henrik
2012-01-01
Artiklen behandler nogle data om afvigende brug af pronominal kasus den svenske dialekt i Västra Nyland (Finland). Disse kasusformer afviger radikalt fra svensk i øvrigt, men ligner mønstre der genkendes fra dansk og delvis norsk; endvidere har talt engelsk og fransk mange lignende former....
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Oliver, L.; Stenholm, L
2002-02-01
The aim with this report is to summarise FOAs nuclear weapons related research that was performed 1945-1972. The report is a compilation of FOAs annual reports that originally were in a classified form but have now - mostly - been declassified. References to separate reports in the different research areas are included in the report.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Marc Dierikx
2016-11-01
Full Text Available Erwin van Loo, ‘Eenige wakkere jongens’. Nederlandse oorlogsvliegers in de Britse luchtstrijdkrachten, 1940-1945 (Proefschrift Universiteit van Amsterdam 2013; Amsterdam: Boom, 2013, 515 pp., isbn 978 94 6105 926 0.
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Die Evangelischen Pfarramtsbüchereien in Württemberg 1933-1945
Lütjen, Andreas
2017-01-01
Als Volksbibliotheken sind in der Evangelischen Landeskirche Württembergs zwischen 1933 und 1945 am ehesten die Bibliotheken der Pfarrämter sowie die der den Pfarrämtern vorgesetzten Dekanatämter zu bezeichnen. Diese Bibliotheken wurden von den jeweiligen Pfarrern bzw. Dekanen im Rahmen ihrer Amtsführung mitbetreut. Dazu kommen evangelische Vereinsbibliotheken wie beispielsweise die des Christlichen Vereins Junger Männer (CVJM). Die zeitgenössisch als „Bücherei“ bezeichnete Bibliothek des Obe...
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Department of Film of the Ministry of Information 1945 - 1953
Stavárková, Kateřina
2017-01-01
Diploma thesis "Film Department of the Ministry of Information 1945 - 1953" deals with the cultural policy in Czechoslovakia after the Second World War. The introductory chapter focuses on evolution of the negotiations on the post-war organization in the restored Czechoslovakia. In this chapter was mentioned historical context with a focus on foreign and domestic resistance movement. A significant part of the diploma thesis is devoted to the constitution and development of the Ministry of Inf...
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Menelusuri Konsep Keadilan Pemilihan Umum Menurut UUD 1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Khairul Fahmi
2016-11-01
Full Text Available Abstract. As a contest for garnering the trust of the people, an election shall be lawful and legitimate whenever it is conducted in a fair manner. A fair election is a constitutional mandate, explicitly stated in Article 22E point (1 of the 1945 Constitution. However, the Constitution had not provided further guidance on fair election. Consequently, exploring the philosophical base of the fairness of the election will be critical in order to formulate the benchmark of fairness of the election. Furthermore, such benchmark will be referred to in formulating regulations or the technical issues of election organization. By means of conceptual approach, this Excerpt wishes to explore this cause. Based on the studies conducted, the fairness of election as intended by the Constitution is actually based on the concept of fairness and the social justice stated in the Fifth Principles of Pancasila.Abstrak. Sebagai kontestasi memperebutkan kepercayaan rakyat, sebuah pemilu akan sah dan memeroleh legitimasi bila mana ia dilaksanakan secara adil. Pemilu yang adil merupakan salah satu mandat konstitusional yang secara tegas dimuat dalam Pasal 22E ayat (1 Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Konstitusi tidak memberi panduan lebih jauh ihwal bagaimana sesungguhnya pemilu yang adil. Oleh karenanya, menelurusi landasan filosofis keadilan pemilu menjadi amat penting guna merumuskan ukuran adil atau tidaknya pemilu. Untuk selanjutnya, ukuran itulah yang akan diacu dalam merumuskan aturan maupun teknis penyelenggaraan pemilu. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan konseptual, nukilan ini hendak mendalami hal itu. Berdasarkan hasil kajian yang dilakukan, keadilan pemilu yang dikehendaki konstitusi sesungguhnya dilandaskan pada konsep keadilan sebagai fairness dan keadilan sosial yang termuat dalam Sila Kelima Pancasila. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v4i2.4098
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Geheime Fotos. Die Kooperation von Associated Press und NS-Regime (1942–1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Norman Domeier
2017-08-01
Full Text Available This article is based on a new archival find from the papers of foreign correspondent Louis P. Lochner. It proves the existence of a secret German-American cooperation between Associated Press (AP and the ›Bureau Laux‹, an agency of the SS and the German Foreign Office, during the war years 1942–1945. With the permission of the Roosevelt administration, AP and the Bureau Laux exchanged photos via diplomatic pouch on a daily basis until spring 1945, first via Lisbon and from 1944 via Stockholm as well. Approximately 40,000 photos were swapped in this way between the war enemies while the battles of the Second World War were fought and the Holocaust was taking place. In Berlin, the AP photos were presented daily to the highest Nazi leadership. They were then also used for anti-American and anti-Semitic propaganda in the German press. Conversely, thousands of Nazi photos received by AP New York via Lisbon and Stockholm were printed in the American and international press. This article sheds new light on both AP as a news and picture agency and on foreign reporting during the Nazi era and the Second World War. * * * Der im vorliegenden Aufsatz präsentierte Quellenfund aus dem Nachlass des Auslandskorrespondenten Louis P. Lochner belegt eine geheime deutsch-amerikanische Kooperation zwischen Associated Press (AP und dem »Büro Laux«, einer Agentur von SS und Auswärtigem Amt, während der Kriegsjahre 1942–1945. Mit Genehmigung der Roosevelt-Administration tauschten AP und Büro Laux bis zum Frühjahr 1945 täglich per Diplomatenpost Fotomaterial aus – zunächst via Lissabon, ab 1944 auch via Stockholm. Schätzungsweise 40.000 Fotos wurden so zwischen den Feinden übermittelt, während die Schlachten des Zweiten Weltkrieges geschlagen wurden und der Holocaust stattfand. In Berlin war das AP-Fotomaterial für die oberste Führung des NS-Regimes bestimmt; zudem wurde es für antiamerikanische und antisemitische Propaganda in der NS
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Marta García Monfort
2015-12-01
Full Text Available The outbreak of the Civil War, apart from spreading havoc and blood all through Spain, caused some kind of deeply rooted social breakdown generating an endless thirst for revenge. While the military structures were deploying their strategy on the battlefield, the apparatus of power of both sides was establishing mechanisms of coercion and control mainly aimed at the submission of controlled territory. In this context, the purge of National Teachers favoured an ideological selection based on terror with preventive and punitive purposes. After the military conflict, under Francoist authorities the purge continued systematically, and with a repressive orientation, until the fifties. This analysis seeks to describe the idiosyncrasies of the purging processes developed in Republican Morella (1936-1938 and further in Franco’s regime (1939-1945. | El estallido de la Guerra Civil, además de sembrar de dolor y sangre la geografía española, provocará una ruptura social de hondo raigambre que generará en la sociedad una interminable sed de venganza. Al mismo tiempo que las estructuras militares desplegaban su estrategia en el campo de batalla, los aparatos de poder de los dos bandos establecieron unos mecanismos de coacción y control encaminados en primera instancia a la sumisión del territorio dominado. En este contexto, la depuración del Magisterio Nacional propiciará una selección ideológica con unos fines preventivos y punitivos. Finalizada la contienda bélica, la purga continuará sistematizada y con un carácter represivo de la mano de las autoridades franquistas hasta la década de los cincuenta aproximadamente. Este análisis trata de describir la idiosincrasia de los procesos depuradores desarrollados en la Morella republicana (1936-1938 y, posteriormente, en la franquista (1939-1945.
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Hiio, Toomas, 1965-
2012-01-01
Arvustus: Jüngerkes, Sven.Deutsche Besatzungsverwaltung in Lettland 1941-1945. Eine Kommunikations- und Kulturgeschichte nationalsozialistischer Organisationen (Historische Kulturwissenschaft, 15). (Konstanz: UVK Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 2010)
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The principle of phase stability and the accelerator program at Berkeley, 1945--1954
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lofgren, E.J.
1994-07-01
The discovery of the Principle of Phase Stability by Vladimir Veksler and Edwin McMillian and the end of the war released a surge of accelerator activity at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (then The University of California Radiation Laboratory). Six accelerators incorporating the Principle of Phase Stability were built in the period 1945--1954
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[The hospital at Hillersleben Germany, April 1945].
Weisskopf, Varda
2014-01-01
On 6th April 1945, nine days before the liberation of the Bergen Belsen Concentration Camp, about 2,500 Jewish prisoners were ordered to prepare to leave the camp on the next day. On 7th April, the prisoners left through the gates of the camp and began to walk about 10 kilometers to the train station near the city of Celle. There they were ordered to board a train that would take them to the Theresienstadt Concentration Camp. After six days of travel, the train stopped near the village of Farsleben, Germany, where it was liberated by the 743rd Tank Battalion of the 30th Infantry Division, of the U.S. 9th Army, on 13th April 1945. The 105th Medical Battalion of the same Division was the primary care provider for the survivors, who were then taken in vehicles available from the 30th Infantry Division, and organized into a convoy by the Division's Liaison Officer, Lt. Frank W. Towers, to the town of Hillersleben. A former German Air Force Base was located at Hillersleben with a small hospital that could not provide medical attention to all the survivors. On 21st April, Company C of the 95th Medical Battalion, received an order to go to Hillersleben. Colonel Dr. William W. Hurteau, the Commanding Officer of this Battalion, determined that the biggest task given to the Battalion during World War II, was establishing another hospital in the town of Hillersleben and providing additional beds in the existing hospital, which was a structure that had served as a boarding school. Furthermore, they needed to acquire hospital equipment which was obtained from German equipment and supplies that had been captured by the U.S. MiLitary. Also, they took care of obtaining food supplies from German warehouses, and meat and milk from local dairy farms. The lives of the prisoners on this train were saved by the heroism and dedicated work of those brave soldiers of the 30th Infantry Division and the 95th Medical Battalion.
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STUDI TENTANG KONSEP TATANAN ARSITEKTUR TIONGHOA DI SURABAYA YANG DIBANGUN SEBELUM TAHUN 1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
KARTONO, J. Lukito
2012-12-01
Full Text Available This paper intends to explore the spatial concept of Chinese Architecture in Surabaya which was built prior 1945. The arrival of Chinese people decades ago brought along diverse culture that permeates the local Indonesian culture and once the Chinese settled down, the on-going cultural dialogue started to influence the Chinese in return. Most importantly, this cultural exchange process allowed the Chinese to introduce their own spatial architectural concept, which seems prescriptive, that applied to all buildings typology, starting from house, temple and the palace. In Surabaya context, the Chinese fixed-prescriptive spatial architectural concept observed to deviate from norm. Hence, this paper intends to explore this phenomenon comparing Surabaya’s Chinese spatial architectural concept, represented by temples, prayer houses as well as houses built prior 1945 era, to the Chinese original spatial concept. This research hopes to conclude that the main difference between the two is the absence of light well which known as Tien Ching which was originally located in the middle of the building in all Chinese Architecture in Surabaya.
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Spatial power spectrum of the geomagnetic field since 1945
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Senanayake, W.E.
1987-04-01
The Geomagnetic field for the period 1945-1990 has been analyzed in terms of Spatial Power Spectra of the Main Field and its Secular Variation. It is observed that for the above interval, the magnetic energy density at the core-mantle boundary is almost conserved. This supports the idea that an exchange of energy between different spherical harmonic constituents could occur. The distinctive behaviour of the first two terms (Dipole and Quadrupole), as seen from the spectra of the main field and secular variation, probably indicates somewhat different feature associated with the field origin. (author). 28 refs, 3 figs, 1 tab
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Nazionale e globale nella rinascita dell’Internazionale socialista (1945-1951
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Enrico Pugliese
2012-02-01
Full Text Available This article focuses on the refoundation of Socialist International after the Second World War (1945-1951. It tackles three elements of socialist history through the archives preserved at the Institute of Social History in Amsterdam: the socialist building of an International organization, the new ideas and political issues in the socialist political culture, the socialist support to European technical governance. In this way, the paper underlines some crucial points as the relation between socialism and Nation State, and introduces the European integration question.
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Britain and atomic energy 1939-1945. References to official papers
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Gowing, M.
1980-01-01
This booklet contains a list of references which were not published in Britain and Atomic Energy 1939-1945 because they related to papers still closed under the Public Records Acts. Some of these records have since been transferred to the Public Record Office and opened to the public after review by departments and the UKAEA. This list cannot distinguish between papers open in the Public Record Office and those still closed in departmental archives. However, as much information as possible is given to assist searchers. (U.K.)
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Españoles fuera de España. Historia y memoria de la última ola migratoria española (1945-1980
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
María José Fernández Vicente
2007-09-01
Full Text Available Les années 1980 furent marquées par la transformation d’une Espagne pays d’émigration en une Espagne accueillant des milliers d’immigrés. Submergée et souvent dépassée par cette réalité, nouvelle et conflictuelle, la société espagnole semble avoir oublié que l’Espagne avait été, jusque récemment, une « terre d’émigrants ». Ce travail a ainsi comme but de récupérer une partie de cette histoire-mémoire concernant la dernière vague migratoire espagnole. Prenant comme point de départ l’extrême richesse et complexité des sources orales, nous tenterons de reconstituer les raisons ayant poussé une partie des Espagnols à l’émigration. Face à l’impossibilité d’embrasser la totalité du flux migratoire, nous avons opté par une comparaison des deux destinations principales du flux : l’Argentine pour la période où l’émigration se dirigeait massivement vers des destinations d’Outre-mer (1945-1955, et la France pour la période dite « continentale » (1956-1980.Los años 80 asistieron a la transformación de una España que «emigraba» en una España que acogía a miles de inmigrantes. Sumida, y a menudo desbordada por esta nueva y conflictiva realidad social, la sociedad española parece haber olvidado que, hasta hace muy poco, España fue, esencialmente, «tierra de emigrantes». Por ello, este trabajo se propone contribuir a recuperar una parte de la historia-memoria de la última ola migratoria española. Partiendo de la riqueza y complejidad de las fuentes orales, se tratará de reconstituir las razones que empujaron a una parte de estos españoles a emigrar. Pero ante la imposibilidad de abarcar la totalidad del flujo migratorio, se optará por una comparación entre sus dos destinos principales : Argentina, para la etapa «ultramarina» (1945-1955 y Francia para la fase «continental» (1956-1980.The’80s have seen Spain transformed from an “Emigration country” to an
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Sistem Ekonomi Pancasila: Memaknai Pasal 33 UUD 1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Fuad Bawazier
2017-11-01
Full Text Available Even though our the founding fathers have givenvery clear in developing the Indonesian economy system as clearly stated in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, in practice,the implementation of the Constitution does still not become the focus of government policy from one regime to the next. The understanding and the readiness of the leader, similar to the leader influencers, toimplement Article 33 of the Constitution the Berkeley Mafia in the New Order era who has alienated the Indonesian people to achieve theformulated desirable economic development stated in the Constitution. Does Pancasila economic system have a doubt full role to our decision makers and never give up to stop trying other formula.
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Practice of Propaganda on Korean Peninsula (1945-1960
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Zhyvora Olexii
2016-05-01
Full Text Available The topic of propaganda, which was thought to be a part of the Cold War past, was recently revived by modern and rather successful application in Georgian, Syrian and Ukrainian conflicts. In this regard Korean Peninsula is a perfect example of prolonged use of mutual practice of indoctrination to study its origins. This article discuses the evolution of propaganda use by both Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and Republic of Korea (1945-1960 in cultural, economic and political dimensions. Qualitative text analysis and case study in conjunction with theoretical framework of A. E. Cassirer, S. Langer, E. Barneys and W. Lippmann are used to establish techniques used, and to explain its overall success.
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The red atom: the help to USSR of German scientists between 1945-1961
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Andurand, R.
2010-01-01
This article concludes the saga of German scientists who worked for the Soviets from 1945 to 1965 and helped them to fill in record time late they had on Americans. The last stage of this fascinating history is devoted to a comparative presentation of scientific and technological advances of France and the Soviet empire. (N.C.)
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Bjerre, Jacob Halvas
2015-01-01
BogFeature om Inger Bjørn Knudsen: Bag Pigtråd - Rom flygtningelejr 1945-1948. Udg. af Lemvig Museum, 2014. 80 sider......BogFeature om Inger Bjørn Knudsen: Bag Pigtråd - Rom flygtningelejr 1945-1948. Udg. af Lemvig Museum, 2014. 80 sider...
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Milena Medina Pérez
2012-01-01
The cultural memory of the lodges of Victoria de Las Tunas (1930-1945), it constitutes the topic of the present investigation. The thematic of the lodges has been approached for studious and investigating, not alone of the town but of several parts of the world. Still when these studies exist, the related with the cultural memory of the lodges of the territory, is in the pages of the documents of the time that which leaves to the light starting from this investigation, to show yesterday's Tun...
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Diebel, Martin
2017-01-01
The book civil and catastrophe protection in the Federal republic of Germany and the United Kingdom after 1945 discusses the following issues: aerial defense and the atomic bomb (1945 - 1968), crises and catastrophes in the shadow of the bomb (1962 - 1978), civil defense and the comeback of the (nuclear) war (1976 - 1979), civil defense and the second ''Cold War'' (1979 - 1986), Chernobyl and the end of the Cold War (1979 - 1990), war, catastrophe and safety in the 20th century - a conclusion.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Maria Lúcia Mott
2001-01-01
Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivos: 1. revisitar as propostas das entidades filantrópicas organizadas e administradas por mulheres na primeira metade do século XX; 2. repensar o papel que tiveram na elaboração de programas e no estabelecimento de políticas públicas; 3. chamar a atenção para a necessidade de uma releitura do movimento feminista brasileiro. O encaminhamento destes tópicos será feito a partir da análise do discurso maternalista. A pesquisa baseou-se principalmente na documentação levantada nos arquivos da Cruzada Pró Infância, entidade fundada em 1930, na cidade de São Paulo, e focalizará as propostas referentes à proteção da maternidade feitas pela sua diretora-presidente Pérola Byington, entre 1930-1945.The objectives of this study are: 1. To review the proposals of philanthropic entities, organized and managed by women in the first half of the 20th century; 2. To rethink the role they played elaborating programs and establishing public policies; 3. To call attention to the need of reviewing the Brazilian feminist movement. The guide for these topics will be based on the analysis of the maternalist discourse. The research was based on documents from the archives of the Cruzada Pró Infância (Crusade Pro-Childhood an entity founded in the city of Sao Paulo in 1930. It will focus on the proposals for maternity protection elaborated by Pérola Byington, its managing director between 1930-1945.
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Estimation of 1945 to 1957 food consumption
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Anderson, D.M.; Bates, D.J.; Marsh, T.L.
1993-03-01
This report details the methods used and the results of the study on the estimated historic levels of food consumption by individuals in the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) study area from 1945--1957. This period includes the time of highest releases from Hanford and is the period for which data are being collected in the Hanford Thyroid Disease Study. These estimates provide the food-consumption inputs for the HEDR database of individual diets. This database will be an input file in the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Integrated Code (HEDRIC) computer model that will be used to calculate the radiation dose. The report focuses on fresh milk, eggs, lettuce, and spinach. These foods were chosen because they have been found to be significant contributors to radiation dose based on the Technical Steering Panel dose decision level.
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Dennis, John; Crayford, Tim
2015-12-14
To examine mortality in members of the two UK Houses of Parliament compared with the general population, 1945-2011. Retrospective cohort analysis of death rates and predictors of mortality in Members of Parliament (MPs) and members of the House of Lords (Lords). UK. 4950 MPs and Lords first joining the UK parliament in 1945-2011. Standardised mortality ratios, comparing all cause death rates of MPs and Lords from first election or appointment with those in the age, sex, and calendar year matched general population. Between 1945 and 2011, mortality was lower in MPs (standardised mortality ratio 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.67 to 0.76) and Lords (0.63, 0.60 to 0.67) than in the general population. Over the same period, death rates among MPs also improved more quickly than in the general population. For every 100 expected deaths, 22 fewer deaths occurred among MPs first elected in 1990-99 compared with MPs first elected in 1945-49. Labour party MPs had 19% higher death rates compared with the general population than did Conservative MPs (relative mortality ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.40). The effect of political party on mortality disappeared when controlling for education level. From 1945 to 2011, MPs and Lords experienced lower mortality than the UK general population, and, at least until 1999, the mortality gap between newly elected MPs and the general population widened. Even among MPs, educational background was an important predictor of mortality, and education possibly explains much of the mortality difference between Labour and Conservative MPs. Social inequalities are alive and well in UK parliamentarians, and at least in terms of mortality, MPs are likely to have never had it so good. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
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La arquitectura de la Groβstadt : Berlín, 1900-1945
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Mónica Vázquez Astorga
2011-01-01
Full Text Available El presente artículo recoge las conclusiones más importantes obtenidas durante mi estancia de investigación realizada en Berlín en el verano de 2009, que tuvo por objeto el estudio y análisis de la actividad arquitectónica desarrollada en Berlín antes y después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y, en concreto, entre 1900 y 1945. Se valora también el contexto existente en esta ciudad tras las destrucciones ocasionadas por el segundo conflicto mundial, aludiendo a las diversas propuestas ideadas para su reconstrucción. Asimismo, se ha buscado establecer paralelismos con el panorama arquitectónico europeo.The following article includes the most important conclusions drawn from my research stay in Berlin during the summer of 2009. The main aim of my research was to study and analyse the architectural development carried out in Berlin between 1900 and 1945, before and after the II World War, taking also into account the prevailing context of the city due to the damages caused by this War, the numerous reconstruction projects put forward in that moment, together with an attempt to establish parallelisms with the European architectural prospect of that historical moment.
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An overview of animal science research 1945-2011 through science mapping analysis.
Rodriguez-Ledesma, A; Cobo, M J; Lopez-Pujalte, C; Herrera-Viedma, E
2015-12-01
The conceptual structure of the field of Animal Science (AS) research is examined by means of a longitudinal science mapping analysis. The whole of the AS research field is analysed, revealing its conceptual evolution. To this end, an automatic approach to detecting and visualizing hidden themes or topics and their evolution across a consecutive span of years was applied to AS publications of the JCR category 'Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science' during the period 1945-2011. This automatic approach was based on a coword analysis and combines performance analysis and science mapping. To observe the conceptual evolution of AS, six consecutive periods were defined: 1945-1969, 1970-1979, 1980-1989, 1990-1999, 2000-2005 and 2006-2011. Research in AS was identified as having focused on ten main thematic areas: ANIMAL-FEEDING, SMALL-RUMINANTS, ANIMAL-REPRODUCTION, DAIRY-PRODUCTION, MEAT-QUALITY, SWINE-PRODUCTION, GENETICS-AND-ANIMAL-BREEDING, POULTRY, ANIMAL-WELFARE and GROWTH-FACTORS-AND-FATTY-ACIDS. The results show how genomic studies gain in weight and integrate with other thematic areas. The whole of AS research has become oriented towards an overall framework in which animal welfare, sustainable management and human health play a major role. All this would affect the future structure and management of livestock farming. © 2014 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
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PRINSIP-PRINSIP KONSTITUSIONALITAS KOPERASI BERDASARKAN UUD NEGARA RI TAHUN 1945
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Agus Kusnadi
2016-04-01
Full Text Available Abstract Cooperative identity is at risk with the Act 17 of 2012 on Cooperatives, which relies on the values of capitalism. Capitalism is characterized through the economic activities and financial control by the efforts of large private properies in the sense of the individual and groups, profit oriented, the market economy competition dominant supported by consumerism, and the pricing of labor that follows the market mechanism. As a result, it is importance to make purification of cooperative base on UUD 1945 as set in Art. 33 par. (1, to make clear the principles of constitutionality of cooperatives in Indonesia. The principle of the constitutionality of the cooperative include brotherhood, man as main actors, social welfare oriented, synergy, market driven, shared interests, and mutual interest . Key words: cooperative, constitutionality, brotherhood Abstrak Jati diri koperasi terancam hilang dengan adanya UU 17 Tahun 2012 tentang Perkoperasian yang menyandarkan pada nilai-nilai kapitalisme. Kapitalisme dicirikan adanya kegiatan ekonomi dan kontrol keuangan oleh usaha-usaha besar milik privat dalam arti orang seorang maupun keluarga, akumulasi laba sebesar-besarnya dalam motif profit (profit oriented, ekonomi pasar persaingan dominan yang ditopang dengan konsumerisme, dan penentuan harga tenaga kerja yang mengikuti mekanisme pasar. Akibatnya diperlukan pemurnian bangun usaha koperasi sebagaimana UUD 1945 mengaturnya dalam Pasal 33 ayat (1 sehingga jelas prinsip-prinsip konstitusionalitas koperasi di Indonesia. Prinsip konstitusionalitas koperasi meliputi berasaskan kekeluargaan, manusia sebagai penentu, berorientasi pada kesejahteraan sosial, kerjasama/sinergi, pasar dikendalikan, kepentingan bersama, dan mutual interest. Kata kunci: koperasi, konstitusionalitas, kekeluargaan
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Dias de luta: traços do cotidiano em Aracajú (1939-1945
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Dilton Cândido Santos Maynard
2009-01-01
Full Text Available This article examines aspects of daily life in Aracaju during War II (1939-1945. The research investigates the changes produced by new hygiene products, the promotion of eugenic policies by the Estado Novo, the influence of cinema in interpretations of the reason and those involved in war as well as the various appropriations made by the city’s population in the period.
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A history of US nuclear testing and its influence on nuclear thought, 1945-1963
Blades, David M
2014-01-01
As states continue to pursue nuclear weaponry, nuclear testing remains an important political issue in the twenty-first century. This survey examines how and why the U.S. conducted nuclear tests from 1945 through 1963 and the resulting influence on key questions from normalization and de-normalization up to the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty of 1963.
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Considerações sobre a anistia de 1945 na imprensa
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Paulo Jorge Corrêa Campos
2015-12-01
Full Text Available O presente trabalho busca atentar para os conflitos políticos no contexto do final do Estado Novo, no ano de 1945. Para tal, propõe-se a apresentar a articulação em torno da campanha pela anistia política na imprensa brasileira, a partir de março até a decretação da mesma no mês seguinte. Ao buscar tal referencial empírico, o texto almeja apresentar dados que auxiliem na compreensão da adesão ou não da participação popular ao movimento.
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Brüggemann, Karsten, 1965-
2014-01-01
Arvustus: Socialist escapes: Breaking away from ideology and everday routine in Eastern Europe 1945-1989, co-edited with Cathleen M. Giustino and Catherine J. Plum (New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2013).
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Dóris Bittencourt Almeida, Brasil
2013-04-01
Full Text Available Neste trabalho investiga-se o periódico O Crisol, produzido pelas alunas do Colégio Americano, uma escola de Porto Alegre/RS, entre os anos de 1945 e 1964. Esse periódicodiz muito à História da Educação, pois evidencia saberes e práticas que circulavam nacomunidade do Colégio e revela um pouco das representações da cultura juvenil daquele tempo. Aqui interessam os significados dos discursos difundidos pelo periódico nos processos de subjetivação provocados pelos textos e suas possíveis influências na construção das identidades das jovens leitoras e escritoras do jornal. A pesquisa identifica-se com os pressupostos teóricos da História Cultural e se inscreve no campo das práticas de leitura e escrita e de memórias juvenis, tendo como referenciais as concepções da cultura escrita enquanto produção discursiva de um determinado tempo e lugar.Palavras-chave: memórias juvenis, escritas escolares, práticas de escrita. O CRISOL: THE JORNAL BY STUDENTS OF THE COLÉGIO AMERICANO (PORTO ALEGRE/RS, 1945-1964 AbstractThis work investigates the journalO Crisolproduced by students of the Colégio Americano, a school in Porto Alegre/RS, between the years 1945 and 1964.The journal says much to the History of Education, as evidenced knowledges and pratices circulating in the community,showing a bit of representations of youth culture in that time. Herethe interest by meaning’s dissemination of speeches by the journal in the processes of subjectivation caused by texts and their possible influences on the construction of identities of young readers and writers of the newspaper. The research identifies with the theoreticals presuppositions o Cultural History and inscribed in the field of reading and writing practices and memories of youth, taking as reference the concepts of the writing culture as a discursive production of a determinated time and place.Key-words: youth’s memories, written school, writing practices. O CRISOL: EL
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2012-11-16
... Program Comment including: Removing reinforced concrete rigid frames, metal rigid frames, and curved metal... culverts and reinforced concrete boxes among the common bridge types covered by the Program Comment. Two... Program Comment: Program Comment for Common Post-1945 Concrete and Steel Bridges I. Introduction Every...
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French uranium mines and miners from 1945 to 1975
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Blanc, J.
2009-04-01
The author proposes an historical review of the French uranium mining activity, and more particularly of its actors from 1945 to 1975 with the creation of the CEA and of its different departments, and their successive managers. CEA teams explored several countries but also exploit uranium ores in France (275 tons in 1956). After a continuous development until 1962, an important discovery in Niger, the activity in France faced great difficulties between 1970 and 1973, just before knowing great time due to the French electronuclear program (1974-1980), and to the strong increase of the uranium market. The first oil crisis was still a benefit, but the third oil crisis (1980) caused a reduction of power plant commissioning
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Fabio Gutemberg Ramos Bezerra de Sousa
2005-06-01
Full Text Available Neste artigo fazemos uma incursão específica no mundo das mulheres. O locus do estudo é a cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba, nos anos de 1930 a 1945, tendo como objeto os significados e implicações que algumas atividades das mulheres do meio popular tinham para a cidade e o modo como utilizavam seus espaços e territórios. Também buscamos reconstituir aspectos cotidianos da trajetória de algumas mulheres pelas ruas e subúrbios da cidade, focalizando características singulares de mulheres anônimas que apareceram na cena urbana, fazendo da cidade um lugar de múltiplas práticas, relações e conflitos.This article brings a specific gaze into women's world. The locus of our study is the city of Campina Grande (Paraíba from 1930 to 1945, emphasising the meanings and implications of some activities carried out by working class women through the city, and the ways they used its spaces and territories. We also seek to rebuild everyday aspects of their trajectories through streets and suburbs, focusing singular characteristics of anonymous women who appeared at the urban scene turning it into a place of multiple practices, relations and conflicts.
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Extractive metallurgy of zirconium--1945 to the present
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Franklin, D.G.; Adamson, R.B.
1984-01-01
Although the history of the reduction of zirconium dates from 1824 and the first ductile zirconium metal was produced in the laboratory in 1914, modern reduction practice was pioneered by the U.S. Bureau of Mines starting in 1945. This paper reviews the history of the extractive metallurgy of zirconium from the early work of W. J. Kroll and co-workers at the Bureau of Mines in Albany, Ore., through the commercial development of the production of reactor-grade zirconium metal which was spurred by the requirements of the Naval Reactor Program and the development of commercial nuclear power. Technical subjects covered include processes for opening the ore, zirconium-hafnium separation, chlorination of zirconium oxide, reduction processes, and electrowinning of zirconium metal. Proposed new processes and process modifications are reviewed
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The red atom. The help of german scientists to USSR between 1945-1961
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Andurand, R.
2009-01-01
In this issue is tackled the cooperation between German and Russian scientists in nuclear energy from 1945 to 1961 and especially about the uranium enrichment by gaseous diffusion of uranium hexafluoride in cascade. The problems they encountered and their solutions are related until the explosion of the first Russian atomic bomb even if it was not a bomb with enriched uranium but with plutonium got in a nuclear reactor. (N.C.)
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Česká próza v periodě 1945-1948
HÜBELBAUEROVÁ, Kristýna
2013-01-01
The thesis focuses on the reception of existentialism in the Czech entourage in 1945-1948. The theoretical part of the chapter is dedicated to Václav Černý and his understanding of existensialism. We are going to be focusing on the professional and theoretical texts from Jaroslav Červinka, Jindřich Chalupecký, Václav Navrátil, Jan Patočka and Ladislav Rieger, which are processing the theme. In the practical part we are going to analyze the pieces from Dušan Pala, Miroslav Hanuš and Egon Hosto...
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Pemerintahan Provinsi Lampung 1945-1964
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Arizka Waranegara
2014-06-01
Full Text Available This is a library research about political elite contestation in Lampung from 1945 until 1964, at that time there are three major ideology, first is Islam, second is Nationalism and third is Communism. In the old orde era, the elite politics competition in the national level describe the same thing with the local level. If in the national level there are three major ideology, in Lampung also three ideology had played important role, the Party Communist (PKI, Indonesian Nationalsit Party (PNI and Masyumi (Islamic Faction. In the first political stage after Independence of Indonesia. In 1964, there was a first Lampung’s Governor Election, at that time R.A Zulkifli Warganegara had appointed to be Lampung first Governor, but because of the political intervention his position was replaced by Koesno Danopoyo which was fully supported by Communist Party. This is a decsriptive qualitative research, the main data comes from indepth interview and documentation. The results shown that there is basic difference between Lampung’s political elite contestation in the old orde era and reformation era. In the old orde era the competition based on ideology but in the reformation era the competition based on purely political interest.Keywords: contestation, political elite and election
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Winders, Bill
2004-01-01
Between 1945 and 1975, the twin pillars of U.S. agricultural policy--price supports and production controls--were weakened significantly. Price supports levels were reduced and made flexible in 1954, and the concept of parity was removed in 1973. Production controls were softened in 1964 and 1973. How can we explain these policy shifts? While…
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O Brasil e suas naturezas possíveis (1930-1945
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Carvalho De Ostos, Natascha Stefania
2012-08-01
Full Text Available The purpose of this article is to examine the speeches made by civil society organizations and the State on the Brazilian territory, throughout the so-called Vargas Age (1930-1945. Said speeches, published in several journals of that time, believed that the natural world, split into its various parts, was the greatest expression of a country full of wealth that, if administered rationally, would be able to develop the country’s production strength. The great dilemma that permeated the discussions on the subject was: how to ensure the protection of nature, a priceless heritage, and at the same time promote economic development, which depended, according to prevailing opinion, on the widespread exploitation of natural resources.
Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los discursos de la sociedad civil y del Estado sobre el territorio brasileño, a lo largo de la llamada Era Vargas (1930-1945. Tales discursos, publicados en varias revistas de la época, creían que el mundo natural, en sus diversas partes, representaba la máxima expresión de un territorio lleno de riquezas, que, si administrado de forma racional, sería capaz de desarrollar las fuerzas de producción del país. El gran dilema que impregnó los debates sobre el tema, fue: cómo asegurar la protección de la naturaleza, patrimonio que no tiene precio, y al mismo tiempo promover el desarrollo económico, que dependía, según la opinión predominante, de la explotación generalizada de los recursos naturales. -
Democratic survival in Latin America (1945-2005
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Aníbal PÉREZ-LIÑÁN
2014-12-01
Full Text Available Why do democracies survive or break down? In this paper, it returns to this classic question with an empirical focus on Latin America from 1945 to 2005. The argument deviates from the quantitative literature and a good part of the qualitative literature on democratic survival and breakdown. It is argued that structural variables such as the level of development and inequalities have not shaped prospects for democratic survival in Latin America. Nor, contrary to findings in some of the literature, has economic performance affected the survival of competitive regimes. Instead, it is focused on the regional political environment and on actors’ normative preferences about democracy and dictatorship and their policy radicalism or moderation. It is argued that 1 a higher level of development did not increase the likelihood of democratic survival in Latin America over this long time; 2 if actors have a normative preference for democracy, it is more likely to survive; and 3 policy moderation facilitates democratic survival.
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Italian Troops on USSR occupied Territories in 1941−1945
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Игорь Игоревич Баринов
2011-12-01
Full Text Available The article studies the activities of Italian allied troops of Nazi Germany in the occupied during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 of the USSR Soviet territories. The material contained in the article allows to compare the Italian occupation administration policy and its features as well as its involvement in war crimes on Soviet territory. This article also gives a possibility to trace the organizing role of Germany in terms of organization of the occupation regime on the Soviet territory and its relations with its allies and satellites on the Eastern Front. The work is based primarily on unexplored archival documents.
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From Charity to Development: Christian International Health Organizations, 1945-1978
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Walter Bruchhausen
2016-12-01
Full Text Available With the exception of the Red Cross the history of non-governmental international organizations in the field of health has received less attention from historians than intergovernmental organizations and national non-governmental organizations (NGOs. This article takes up the challenge of redressing this by examining the origins and policies of Christian agencies such as Medicus Mundi Internationalis (International Organisation for Medical Cooperation and the World Council of Churches Christian Medical Commission. Despite denominational and theological differences a story emerges of a common trajectory from a hospital-based focus on curative medicine to community-focused primary healthcare in the three decades or so after 1945.
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[Refugees at Malmö Epidemic Hospital in 1945].
Cronberg, S
1993-01-01
In 1945, 423 refugees were admitted because of contagious disease at Malmö Epidemic Hospital. Of these refugees 159 men and 167 women arrived from the German concentration camps in Ravensbrück, Buchenwald, Bergen-Belsen, Neuengamme and others. Others arrived in a boat destined to be sunk when peace came and the crew changed mind, letting the boat board at Malmö harbour. Thus life was saved to more than 95% of its passengers. Of the refugees 31% came from Poland, 24% from Scandinavian countries, 12% from Benelux and 10% from France. Louse-borne typhus was the most frequent diagnosis that occurred in 35%. Other common disorders were diphtheria, scarlet fever, enteric fever and tuberculosis. Almost all prisoners from concentration camps were malnourished and had sustained severe cruelty. Most of them recovered rapidly when given food and vitamins.
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Povijest proizvodnje kalcijeva karbida u Hrvatskoj (1897. – 1945.
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Nenad Raos
2018-06-01
Full Text Available Danas je kalcijev karbid, CaC2, sporedni produkt, no u prošlom je stoljeću bio glavni proizvod bazne kemijske industrije. U radu je prikazano njegovo otkriće, početak proizvodnje na prijelazu 19. u 20. stoljeće te primjene. Poseban je naglasak dan na povijest dviju hrvatskih tvornica za proizvodnju kalcijeva karbida i cijanamida, prve u Dugom Ratu pokraj Splita od 1914. do 1979. i druge, u Skradinu i Šibeniku, od 1897. do 1945. Ukazano je i na svjetske ekološke probleme proizvodnje kalcijeva karbida i drugih proizvoda dobivenih iz kalcijeva karbida, emisiju ugljikova dioksida te onečišćenje okoliša živom (masovno trovanje u zaljevu Minamata, Japan.
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Le patrimoine paysager de Grazalema (1945-2005
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Pedro Romero de Solís
2008-08-01
Full Text Available Le patrimoine paysager de Grazalema (1945-2005. Nous nous proposons, dans ce texte, de décrire l’environnement de Grazalema à l’époque du séjour de J. Pitt-Rivers et d’analyser les changements les plus importants que l’on peut les observer aujourd’hui. Prenant en compte l’intérêt suscité par les valeurs de la nature à travers le temps, depuis les premiers naturalistes du xviiie siècle jusqu’à nos jours, nous nous intéressons à l’attrait croissant pour la « nature » et à la création du Parc Naturel qui a généré un type de tourisme inconnu dans cette région dans les années 1940 et qui est devenu le principal moteur des transformations sociales observées dans le village ainsi que le vecteur de la perception locale de l’environnement. Nous analysons également les changements de la société locale et de ses valeurs et nous essayions de comprendre comment les habitants de Grazalema appréhendent le paysage et comment ils ressentent la création du Parc naturel, ses avantages et ses inconvénients.The pastoral heritage of Grazalema (1945-2005. In this text we intend to describe Grazalema’s environment at the time of J. Pitt-Rivers’ visit and to analyse the most significant changes that may be observed today. In light of the interest aroused by the values of nature through the ages, from the first naturalists of the 18th century through to the present day, we take a look at the growing attraction of “nature” and the creation of a Natural Park which generated a kind of tourism which was unknown in the region in the 1940s and has become the main driving force for the social transformation observed in the village, as well as the vector for local perception of the environment. We also analyse the changes in local society and its values, and try to understand how the inhabitants of Grazalema perceive the landscape and what they feel about the creation of the Natural Park and the advantages and
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The nuclear age in popular media a transnational history, 1945-1965
van Lente, Dick
2012-01-01
Among the many technical innovations that were introduced after World War II, none left as strong an impression on the public as the atom bombs that destroyed two Japanese cities in August 1945. People spoke of the ""atomic age"" that had now begun, as if this technological innovation would, all by itself, shape a new world. The atomic age was described as one that might soon end in the destruction of human civilization, but from the beginning, utopian images were attached to it as well. Nuclear technology offered the promise of applications in medicine, agriculture, and engineering, and nucle
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Kakihara, Satoko
2014-01-01
This dissertation examines writings by women in the Japanese empire, analyzing their negotiations of gender in the metropole and the colonies and territories of Taiwan, Korea, and China between 1895 and 1945. From the Meiji era, the Japanese government attempted to modernize its subjects through social reforms and the assignation of normative gender roles: men to fight for expansion as masculinized soldiers, women to reproduce and raise future imperial subjects as feminized Good Wives and Wis...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Paul Brochu
2012-05-01
Full Text Available Le cas de la caisse d’économie des pompiers de Montréal (première caisse francophone au Québec en 1945 nous permet de mettre en évidence une transition et une transformation importantes dans le déplacement des forces de solidarité au Québec : le passage de la paroisse au milieu de travail (métier/profession comme formes sociales d’intégration économique. Dans ce cas d’analyse, le sens d’origine religieuse de l’activité coopérative se voit transposé de la paroisse au milieu de travail. Cette étude de cas proposera l’analyse d’un discours écrit : les procès-verbaux des assemblées des membres de cette caisse d’économie, de 1945 à 1980. Un tel matériau nous permettra de prendre la mesure de cette organisation coopérative, c’est-à-dire les représentations et formes de connaissance relatives aux rapports sociaux construisant l’activité économique. L’analyse des procès-verbaux de cette caisse d’économie est aussi expressive de l’état général des rapports sociaux de la société québécoise. De 1945 à 1980, nous voyons se transformer à la fois le discours et la forme sociale de légitimité qui l’enracine. L’analyse se donnera ainsi un objet privilégié : les formes sociales de connaissance qui enracinent l’activité économique.A careful observation of Montreal’s Firemen credit union (the first francophone credit union established in the province of Quebec, in 1945 enables us to show that an important transition and transformation took place when the social solidarity moved from the parish to the workplace (work, profession, both being social forms of economic integration. In this case study, the initially religious meaning of the French cooperative financial institutions is shifting from the parish to the workplace.In this paper, we will analyze a written discourse, namely the minutes of the members’ meetings from 1945 to 1980. This material will enable us to assess this
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[Formation of medical education in North Korea: 1945-1948].
Heo, Yun-Jung; Cho, Young-Soo
2014-08-01
This study focuses on the formation of medical education in North Korea from 1945 to 1948 in terms of the centralization of medical education, and on the process and significance of the systemization of medical education. Doctors of the past trained under the Japanese colonial system lived and worked as liberalists. More than half of these doctors who were in North Korea defected to South Korea after the country was liberated. Thus the North Korean regime faced the urgent task of cultivating new doctors who would 'serve the state and people.' Since the autumn of 1945, right after national liberation, Local People's Committees organized and implemented medical education autonomously. Following the establishment of the Provisional People's Committee of North Korea, democratic reform was launched, leading to the centralized administration of education. Consequently, medical educational institutions were realigned, with some elevated to medical colleges and others shut down. The North Korean state criticised the liberalistic attitude of doctors and the bureaucratic style of health administration, and tried to reform their political consciousness through political inculcation programs. The state also grant doctors living and housing privileges, which show its endeavor to build 'state medicine'. By 1947, a medical education system was established in which the education administration was put in charge of training new doctors while the health administration was put in charge of nurturing and retraining health workers. In this way, the state was the principal agent that actively established a centralized administrative system in the process of the formation of medical education in North Korea following national liberation. Another agent was deeply involved in this process - the faculty that was directly in charge of educating the new doctors. Studying the medical faculty remains another research task for the future. By exploring how the knowledge, generational experience
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Breast cancer research output, 1945-2008: a bibliometric and density-equalizing analysis
LENUS (Irish Health Repository)
Glynn, Ronan W
2010-12-22
Abstract Introduction Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among women, with an estimated 194,280 new cases diagnosed in the United States in 2009 alone. The primary aim of this work was to provide an in-depth evaluation of research yield in breast cancer from 1945 to 2008, using large-scale data analysis, the employment of bibliometric indicators of production and quality, and density-equalizing mapping. Methods Data were retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) Science Citation Expanded database; this was searched using the Boolean operator, \\'OR\\
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Making health policy: networks in research and policy after 1945.
Berridge, Virginia
2005-01-01
Science and policy in health and medicine have interacted in new ways in Britain since 1945. The relationship between research and policy has a history. The changing role of social medicine, the rise of health services research and "customer contractor" policies in government have been important. The relationship between research and policy has been analysed by different schools of thought. This chapter categorises them as several groups: "evidence-based", "journalism", "sociology of scientific knowledge" and "science policy studies". The chapters in the book illuminate aspects of these changing relationships. The role of chronic disease epidemiology, of new networks in public health, of media-focussed activism, and of health technology and its advocates have been more important than political interest.
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Early Japanese contributions to space weather research (1945–1960
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A. Nishida
2010-04-01
Full Text Available Major contributions by Japanese scientists in the period of 1945 to 1960 are reviewed. This was the period when the foundation of the space weather research was laid by ground-based observations and theoretical research. Important contributions were made on such subjects as equatorial ionosphere in quiet times, tidal wind system in the ionosphere, formation of the F2 layer, VLF propagation above the ionosphere, and precursory phenomena (type IV radio outburst and polar cap absorption to storms. At the IGY (1957, 1958, research efforts were intensified and new programs in space and Antarctica were initiated. Japanese scientists in this discipline held a tight network for communication and collaboration that has been kept to this day.
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Hiroshima - Monday August 6, 1945, 8h15 a.m
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hersey, John; Belmont, Georges; Haas, Pascale
2011-01-01
On 6 August 1945 at 8.15 a.m., Hiroshima was destroyed by the first atom bomb ever dropped on a city, killing one hundred thousand men, women and children in its white fury. This book, John Hersey's journalistic masterpiece, tells what happened on that day. Told through the memories of six civilians who survived against the odds, this timeless, powerful and compassionate document tells the moments that have preceded and followed the atomic explosion. John Hersey's spare, devastating report on the attack was first published in the New Yorker in 1946. Written in the immediate aftermath of the disaster, it is a classic piece of journalism, and a defining moment of the nuclear age
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Race Across Borders: Transnationalism and Racial Identity in African-American Fiction, 1929-1945
Agbodike, Kanayo Jason
2012-01-01
Race Across Borders: Transnationalism and Racial Identity in African-American Fiction, 1929-1945, examines four African-American literary texts that employ transnational themes and aesthetics as a means of resisting a logic of racial essentialism that governed the production and reception of black literature in the United States during the early 20th century. I examine the ways in which Dark Princess by W. E. B. Du Bois, Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston, Banjo: A Story Witho...
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Propaganda of the Occupation Regime of National Socialistic Germany in Latvia (1941-1945)
Kaspars Zellis
2011-01-01
Annotation Doctoral thesis „Propaganda of the Occupation Regime of National Socialistic Germany in Latvia (1941-1945)” presents analysis of Nazi propaganda towards people of Latvia during the World War II. The analysis covers the institutions of propaganda and the main channels of propaganda – media, radio, cinema etc. The content of propaganda has been analyzed in the research as well. The thesis deals with the issue of propaganda of integration, the main goal of which was creating a n...
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The red atom - the help to Russia of German scientists between 1945 - 1961
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Andurand, R.
2009-01-01
The fifth chapter of the cooperation between German scientists and USSR from 1945 to 1961 is tackled in this issue. It treats how the german scientists were ostracized and then, their return to Germany. The returns began in 1954. The lives of Gustav Hertz, Heinz Barwich, Bruno Pontecorvo, klaus Fuchs, Manfred von Ardenne, Peter Adolf von Thiessen, Max Christian Theodor Steenbeck, Gernot Zippe, Max Vollmer, are in relation with the development of nuclear research where they brought their contribution. (N.C.)
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The South Tirol Problem Since 1945: The Intersection of International and Domestic Politics.
1985-12-10
an heir, the Duke of Austria, Rudolf IV, took over the rule of the county and the title of "Count of Tirol." This relationship with the royal family...of northern Italy in September 1943 caught this off guard and two of its number, Rudolf Posch and Friedl Volgger, were arrested and sent to...14 Times (London), December 22, 1945. 1 5 Results in Kurt Steiner , Politics in Austria (Boston: fLittle, Brown, and Co., 1972), 4307 38 --. , *."’w
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Kleinhout, G.W.H.
2006-01-01
After the liberation of The Netherlands in 1945 jazz went through a new start because it had been banned from the public sphere and forced to go and stay underground for most of the five years of German occupation. As a consequence of this the young generation was at a loss what to make of popular
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An Unlikely Trusting Relationship? The United States and Japan since 1945
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ruzicka, Jan; Keating, Vincent
The U.S.-Japanese security relationship since 1945 has provided a fertile ground for the study of international politics. Constructivists have used it to demonstrate that security is ultimately dependent on cultural norms and identity. Realists, on the other hand, maintain that the relationship...... is best understood in terms of alliance politics where one state (Japan) passes the costs of its own defence onto its ally (the United States). Given the previously-identified weaknesses in both explanations, this article explores whether the relationship could better serve as an example of a trusting...... relationship in international politics by focussing on the mutual reduction of hedging strategies....
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Jonter, T.
1999-05-01
This report deals mainly with the United States nuclear energy policy towards Sweden 1945-1960. Although Sweden contained rich uranium deposits and retained high competence in the natural sciences and technology, the country had to cooperate with other nations in order to develop the nuclear energy. Besides developing the civil use of nuclear power, the Swedish political elite also had plans to start a nuclear weapons programme. From the beginning of the 1950s up to 1968, when the Swedish parliament decided to sign the non-proliferation treaty, the issue was widely debated. In this report, American policy is analyzed in two periods. In the first period, 1945-1953, the most important aim was to prevent Sweden from acquiring nuclear materials, technical know-how, and advanced equipment which could be used in the production of nuclear weapons. The Swedish research projects were designed to contain both a civil and military use of nuclear energy. The first priority of the American administration was to discourage the Swedes from exploiting their uranium deposits, especially for military purposes. In the next period, 1953-1960, the American policy was characterized by extended aid to the development of the Swedish energy programme. Through the 'Atoms for Peace'-programme, the Swedish actors now received previously classified technical information and nuclear materials. Swedish companies and research centers could now buy enriched uranium and advanced equipment from the United States. This nuclear trade was, however, controlled by the American Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). The American help was shaped to prevent the Swedes from developing nuclear weapons capability. From mid-50s Swedish politicians and defence experts realised that a national production of nuclear bombs would cost much more money than was supposed 4-5 years earlier. As a consequence, Swedish officials started to explore the possibilities of acquiring nuclear weapons from United States. The American
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Tannberg, Tõnu, 1961-
2008-01-01
Kuna võitlus vastupanuliikumisega liiduvabariikide tasandil osutus ebapiisavaks, reorganiseeriti NKGB Banditismivastase Võitluse osakond 1944. aasta lõpus peavalitsuseks. 1945. aasta algul saabus Eestisse peavalitsuse esindajana alampolkovnik Slepnev. Dokument: Aleksander Resevi ettekanne NKGB BVVO ülemale sm. Leontjevile, mis võtab kokku seni tehtu relvastatud vastupanuliikumise vastases võitluses Eesti NSV-s ning tutvustab ka lähemalt julgeolekuorganite poolt kasutusele võetud nn. uut töömeetodit. Publikatsioon on valminud ETF-i grandi 7523 raames
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Mewaspadai Propaganda melalui Kajian Sejarah (Studi Atas Sistem Propaganda Jepang di Jawa 1942-1945)
Yuliati, Dewi
2012-01-01
This article describes the Japanese propaganda system in Java during its occupation (1942-1945). Before its invasion in Java the Japanese had already prepared the propaganda system intensively. The goal of the propaganda was to mobilize the commitment of the Indonesian people to support the Japanese military government to become the winner in the Greater East Asia war against the Allies. The system of the Japanese propaganda in Java includes institutions, methods, packages of propaganda, and ...
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The history of mathematics in the Krakow University of Technology (1945–2015 (in Polish
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jan Koroński
2015-12-01
Full Text Available The subject of the paper is the history of Mathematics at the Krakow University of Technology since 1945 up to 2015. It presents profiles of the most famous mathematicians in the history of the Krakow University of Technology (M. Krzyżański, J. Bochenek, F. Barański, I. Łojczyk-Królikiewicz and some information about their scientific achievements.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Oliver, L.; Stenholm, L.
2002-02-01
The aim with this report is to summarise FOAs nuclear weapons related research that was performed 1945-1972. The report is a compilation of FOAs annual reports that originally were in a classified form but have now - mostly - been declassified. References to separate reports in the different research areas are included in the report
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De hand van Romme. C.P.M. Romme als staatkundig hoofdredacteur van De Volkskrant (1945-1952
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
M. Broersma
2000-01-01
Full Text Available Romme's hand: The politician C.P.M. Romme as editor-in-chief of the 'De Volkskrant' (1945-1952Between 1945 and 1953, C.P.M. Romme held two posts simultaneously; he was both the political leader of the Katholieke Volkspartij (KVP and editor-in-chief of the newspaper 'De Volkskrant'. Many assumptions have been made about this joint position, mostly by theorists and researchers into the subject of 'pillarization'. However, Romme's actual influence on the content of the 'Volkskrant' has not yet been properly researched. This article explores the role that Romme the politician played during his editorship of the 'Volkskrant'. It aims to show how Romme used the newspaper to attain his political goals; especially with regard to maintaining Catholic political unity and social solidarity. He wrote leading articles to influence public opinion, acted in a censorial capacity and invited journalists and political supporters to contribute articles that supported his own views. In 1952, the owner of the newspaper, the 'Katholieke Arbeidersbeweging' (The Trade Union for Catholics, forced Romme to resign. Ironically, it was a conflict about maintaining Catholic political unity - Romme's main political goal – that ultimately led to his resignation.
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Vývoj plánování vědy v Československu a NDR v letech 1945-1989
Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Franc, Martin; Kunštát, Miroslav
2014-01-01
Roč. 65, č. 5 (2014), s. 302-312 ISSN 0009-0700 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA13-09541S Institutional support: RVO:67985921 Keywords : Czechoslovakia, 1945-1989 * East Germany * history of science Subject RIV: AB - History
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Cabral, R.
1986-01-01
Nuclear programs in Argentina and Brazil can be traced to August 1945 when their scientific communities articulated responses to the atomic bombings of Japan. They culminated in attempts to develop independent nuclear programs, sharply opposed by the United States, during the nationalist governments of Juan Peron and Getulio Vargas. This dissertation, based on primary sources from the three nations, analyzes these programs and the American responses. Latin America entered the nuclear age attempting to control natural resources, to improve scientific establishments, and to appraise Latin American-United States relations. Despite some clear warnings about nuclear dangers, the new form of energy was seen as the solution to industrial problems, poverty, and outside political interference. International opposition, which may have included nuclear threats from the United States, blocked Argentina's first attempt in 1947. After 1948, Peron wanted a nuclear program for cheap energy and prestige. The qualifications of the Brazilian scientists gave more substance to their program. The program originated in August, 1945, but assumed national proportion with the government of Vargas in 1951. Lack of American cooperation forced Vargas to establish a secret program with Germany. American troops intervened taking over the German equipment already completed. The final collapse came about with Vargas' suicide in August, 1954
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Potts, Anthony
2012-01-01
This article examines student life in an Australian rural teachers college. The paper is informed by studies on university student life and extends these to Australia's first rural teachers college in the period 1945-1955. It explores the diversity of students' experiences in a small college with predominately female students gradually…
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Kuhlmann, Annelis
2009-01-01
Review about the New Swedish Theatre History, edited by Sven Åke Heed and Tomas Forser. The book is in three volumes. Focus is on performativity and theatrical appearances within spoken theatre, opera, ballet, musicals, free dance (a Swedish notion of modern dance).......Review about the New Swedish Theatre History, edited by Sven Åke Heed and Tomas Forser. The book is in three volumes. Focus is on performativity and theatrical appearances within spoken theatre, opera, ballet, musicals, free dance (a Swedish notion of modern dance)....
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PERBANDINGAN PEREKONOMIAN DARI MASA SOEKARNO HINGGA SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO (1945 - 2009
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Abdul Hakim
2012-07-01
Full Text Available This research to analyzes Indonesia’s economy in various presidency, that since Indonesia’s independence in 1945 until 2009. This study used qualitative research methods-historical, and found that each leadership has their stated objectives. In Suharto, began development with a clearer direction. But the factor of corruption, collusion and nepotism makes the New Order fall. Habibie did re-alignment in the economic, social and political. Gus Dur emphasizes building relationships with foreign countries in order to build the national economy. Megawati succeeded in lowering inflation and interest rates, and increase economic growth and menguatlan rupiah. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono succeeded in improving the economy in general, inflation mengendaikan, growing domestic aggregate demand, and reduce imports.
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The Specifics of Post-War Canadian Immigration Policy (1945–1957
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Mariia Burtseva
2017-12-01
Full Text Available Immigration plays a significant role in various areas of the society’s life and the international policy. Investigating the Canadian experience of immigration is one of the major elements for understanding different aspects of actual mass relocation. The principal objective of this study is to investigate the specifics of Canadian immigration policy following the Second World War. The research is based on analyzing legislation regulations that established Canadian immigration policy from 1945 to 1957. The findings indicated that there were multilateral causes for the after-war immigration changes. And that in reality, Canadian immigration policy in the post-war decade was quite ambiguous because of enacting liberal and discriminatory legislation at the same time.
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M. Boon (Marten)
2014-01-01
markdownabstractThe dissertation questions how and why the transition from coal to oil affected the economic relations between the Port of Rotterdam and its German hinterland between 1945 and 1975. From the 1880s onwards, Rotterdam had become the main seaport of the German industrial heartland in
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
John DiMoia
2016-09-01
Full Text Available Kyung Moon Hwang, Rationalizing Korea: The Rise of the Modern State, 1894-1945. University of California Press, 2015. 416 pp. $75 (cloth; $35 (paper/e-book. Theodore Jun Yoo, It's Madness: The Politics of Mental Health in Colonial Korea. University of California Press, 2016. 248 pp. $65 (cloth/e-book.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
César Ceriani Cernadas
2011-01-01
Full Text Available El trabajo propone una etnografía histórica sobre la misión pentecostal escandinava entre los aborígenes del Chaco Argentino durante su período formativo. Fue el misionero noruego Berger Johnsen (1888-1945 quien se instaló en el pueblo de Embarcación (provincia de Salta en 1914 con el objetivo de organizar una base misionera para el trabajo evangélico. La indagación pretende sumar conocimiento sobre esta corriente olvidada en los estudios sobre evangelización protestante en la región chaqueña tomando en cuenta cuatro ejes: 1. los valores, el imaginario y las prácticas del misionero nórdico; 2. la recepción aborigen del mensaje pentecostal, observada en los dirigentes y la memoria de los habitantes; 3. la coyuntura regional, religiosa, política y económica, que enmarcó estructuralmente el emprendimiento; 4. la realidad cultural sui generis de la misión de Embarcación, conformada por diversos grupos étnicos del corazón chaqueño y establecida en un naciente pueblo criollo.This paper proposes an historical ethnography of the Scandinavian Pentecostal mission among the aboriginal people of the Argentinean Chaco focusing on its former period. In 1914 a Norwegian missionary, Berger Johnsen (1888-1945, established a Pentecostal base in Embarcación (Province of Salta in order to embrace evangelical work. This study tries to add knowledge to this neglected trend in the studies about Protestant evangelism in the Chaco region. This will be done taking into account four topics: 1. the values, representations and practices of the Nordic missionary; 2. the aboriginal appropriation of the Pentecostal message; 3. the regional context, in terms of religion, politics and economy, framing the missionary enterprise; 4. the sui generis cultural reality of Embarcación mission, characterized by the presence of different ethnic groups from the central Chaco and a novel criollo town.
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Hermanussen, M; Weick, S; Scheffler, C
2017-10-01
Poverty has often been associated with malnutrition, stunted growth, impaired cognitive development and poor earnings. We studied whether these associations were found in German men born and raised shortly after World War II during severe and long-standing nationwide malnutrition. We analysed German old-age pension payments, as a rough measure of lifetime earnings, in German men born from 1932 to 1960 and compared the at-risk-of-poverty rates of German men born in 1945-1948 versus 1935-1938 and 1955-1958. Substantially fewer women worked during this period and their longer life expectancy makes their pension payments difficult to interpret. We therefore limited our analysis to men. Men born in the 1930s received the highest monthly old-age pensions and these declined slightly in men born from 1945 to 1948, indicating a minute impairment in work-related income in cohorts born shortly after the war. We also found that there was no evidence for increased at-risk-of-poverty rates in men born in 1945-1948 versus those born in 1935-1938 and in 1955-1958. Being born and raised following World War II was associated with a minute work and pension impairment that was not visible in the at-risk-of-poverty rates. These findings question statements associating early childhood nutrition and future lifetime earnings. ©2017 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Vysídlení německého obyvatelstva na Chebsku 1945 - 1948
RAMBOUSKOVÁ, Ivana
2011-01-01
The handed bachelor?s work concerns with Czech-German relationship after Second World War particularly between years 1945-1948. It is focused on the sad sequel of Second World War when occurred the biggest transport of people in the Czech state history- displacement of Sudeten Germans. In the first part of my work is sketched the characteristic of the period which preceded turn of events. These events resulted with the start of Adolf Hitler?s power and with Second World War. Then I described ...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Михаил Юрьевич Мухин
2010-09-01
Full Text Available The article is devoted to the work of the factories in 1941-1945 in the evacuation. The author analyzes the living conditions of workers in evacuated aviation plants, their daily life, maintenance, etc. The author concludes that in the early years of the War the conditions of life of the aviation industry's workers were very difficult, and the welfare and financial situation improved in 1944, the sure sign of fracture in the Second world war.
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Voting by income : Political culture of two swedish municipalities 1860-1930
Aberg, Martin
2012-01-01
Artikeln belyser Erik Nydahls avhandling I fyrkens tid som tar avstamp i en omdiskuterad, om än relativt väl utforskad, fråga: hur formades svensk politisk kultur i övergången från jordbrukarsamhället till det moderna industrisamhället? Viktiga faktorer i det sammanhanget var att svensk industrialisering i många avseenden ägde rum utanför de framväxande storstadsregionerna, att jordbruksnäringen samtidigt spelade en fortsatt viktig roll under lång tid och att urbaniseringsprocessen internatio...
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Eva Kistrup
1988-02-01
Full Text Available Svensk TV har taget Dalgas´ ord til sig i kampen mod syndfloden udefra. Sveriges Radio har startet en TV-serieproduktion med næsten industriel produktivitet. Eva Kistrup beskriver de sammen- hænge mellem indhold/genre (format og produktionsformer, der er nødvendige, hvis "oversættelsen" af soap til svensk skal lykkes. I Danmark kunne vi måske tage arven fra "Huset på Christians- havn" op igen og videreudvikle alle dens fine egenskaber, frem for at starte den ene proviencielle politi- eller majorserie efter den anden.
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Hvad snakker de om - hvad taler vi om? Danske soaps i genreanalytisk perspektiv
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
From, Unni
2003-01-01
Afhandlingen har den danske soap som genstandsfelt og undersøger gennem en række tekstanalyser genrens konstituerende træk. I en empirisk publikumsundersøgelse sætter afhandlingen fokus på serien "Taxas" modtagelse i en dansk og en svensk kontekst.......Afhandlingen har den danske soap som genstandsfelt og undersøger gennem en række tekstanalyser genrens konstituerende træk. I en empirisk publikumsundersøgelse sætter afhandlingen fokus på serien "Taxas" modtagelse i en dansk og en svensk kontekst....
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Eva Kistrup
1988-08-01
Full Text Available Svensk TV har taget Dalgas´ ord til sig i kampen mod syndfloden udefra. Sveriges Radio har startet en TV-serieproduktion med næsten industriel produktivitet. Eva Kistrup beskriver de sammen- hænge mellem indhold/genre (format og produktionsformer, der er nødvendige, hvis "oversættelsen" af soap til svensk skal lykkes. I Danmark kunne vi måske tage arven fra "Huset på Christians- havn" op igen og videreudvikle alle dens fine egenskaber, frem for at starte den ene proviencielle politi- eller majorserie efter den anden.
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British nurses' attitudes to electroconvulsive therapy, 1945-2000.
Adams, John
2015-10-01
The aim of the study was to collect and analyse historical material on nurses' attitudes to electroconvulsive therapy in Britain between 1945-2000. Electroconvulsive therapy became widely used in Britain from the late 1940s onwards and remains in current use, but became one of the main targets of the 'antipsychiatry' movement of the 1960s and 1970s. A cultural history design was used to recreate the perspectives of mental health nurses in the period under review. A range of primary sources including journal articles, textbooks and oral history sources were combined to create a coherent historical account. The controversy surrounding electroconvulsive therapy created a deep-seated ambivalence towards it among mental health nurses. While a sizeable minority were critical of its use and may have taken steps to avoid involvement with it, most acquiesced in providing the treatment. Recorded incidents of outright refusal to participate are few. Mental health nurses' views on electroconvulsive therapy are reflective of the profession's growing knowledge of the use of evidence in debating whether particular therapies should be used. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Diffie, W; Field, J
2015-01-01
This detailed technical account of breaking Tunny is an edition of a report written in 1945, with extensive modern commentary Breaking Teleprinter Ciphers at Bletchley Park gives the full text of the General Report on Tunny (GRT) of 1945, making clear how the ideas, notation and the specially designed machines that were used differ from what was generally accepted in 1945, and, where a modern reader might be misled, from what is understood now. The editors of this book clarify the sometimes slightly strange language of the GRT and explain the text within a variety of contexts in several separate historical story lines, some only implicit in the GRT itself. The first story, told by the authors of the GRT, describes how, using specially designed machines, including from 1944 the "Colossus", the British broke the enciphered teleprinter messages sent by the highest command levels of the Germany Army. The cipher machines the Germans used were the Loren SZ 40 series, called "Tunny" by the British. The second stor...
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Ellis, Jason; Axelrod, Paul
2016-01-01
Background/Context: It is frequently assumed that changes in special education policies since 1945 have come mostly from "landmark research" or actions of a few "pioneers." We argue in this article that there have been many different sources of change, including legislation, court rulings, activism, and even shifts in socially…
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Lee Haddigan
2010-02-01
Full Text Available With the publication in 1976 of George H. Nash’s The Conservative Intellectual Movement in America Since 1945, interest in post-WWII opposition to the dominant liberal consensus of the time has steadily grown. Most commentators on the subject, in the attempt to construct a coherent narrative, try to find the shared values that united the conservative movement in the early Cold War era. Invariably, they regard, in Nash’s word, the “cement” of conservatism in this period as anticommunism. Three other subjects, however, hold a greater claim than anticommunism in fusing together the disparate strands of conservative thought. Two of them, constitutionalism and opposition to the aims and methods of the United Nations, are topics for another essay. This article deals with a third conservative “impulse”; a disdain for the use of the power of the state, and cultural pressures, in forcing Americans to conform to the strictures of a liberal-dominated society. Focusing on conservative critics of education, the arts, mass media, social scientists, and the economy, the article contends that “anticommonism” helped tie together a conservative intellectual movement after 1945, because anticommunism could not.
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[The War on "Red Drugs": Anticommunism and Drug Policy in Republic of Korea, 1945-1960].
Park, Ji-Young
2016-04-01
This paper investigates the discourses and policies on narcotics in Republic of Korea from 1945 to 1960. Since the Liberation the narcotic problem was regarded as the vestige of Japanese imperialism. which was expected to be cleaned up. The image of narcotic crimes as the legacy of the colonial past was turned into as the result of the Red Army's tactics to attack on the liberalist camp around the Korean war. The government of ROK represented the source of the illegal drugs as the Red army and the spy from North Korea. The anticommunist discourse about narcotics described the spies, who introduced the enormous amount of poppies into ROK and brought about the addicts, as the social evil. Through this discourse on poppies from North Korea, the government of ROK emphasized the immorality of the communists reinforcing the anticommunist regime, which was inevitable for the government of ROK to legitimize the division of Korea and the establishment of the government alone. This paper examines how the discourses and policies on narcotics in ROK was shaped and transformed from 1945 to 1960 focusing the relationship between the them and the political context such as anticommunism, Korean war, the division of Korea, and etc. This approach would be helpful to reveal the effect of the ROK's own political situation to the public health system involving the management for drugs.
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Japanese Mapping of Asia-Pacific Areas, 1873-1945: An Overview
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Shigeru Kobayashi
2012-03-01
Full Text Available Japanese mapping in the Asia-Pacific region up to 1945 calls for scrutiny, because its development was a multifaceted process with military, administrative, political, and cultural dimensions. This article traces the changes in Japanese mapping of overseas areas to the end of World War II and assesses the significance of the resulting maps, called gaihōzu, as sources for East Asian history. As implements of military operation and colonial administration, the gaihōzu were produced during a protracted period by various means under changing circumstances. Expanding military activity also promoted differentiation among the gaihōzu by increasing the use of maps originally produced in foreign countries. In conclusion, the need for detailed cataloging, in combination with chronologically arranged index mapping, is emphasized for the systematic use of the gaihōzu.
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Salmonowicz, Stanisław
2012-01-01
The article is an attempt of critical and methodological consideration about a phenomenon of so-called by the author “collaboration from dawn” with German authorities in the years 1939–1945. Author as the legal historian indicates, especially on example of the history of village territories of Little Poland (Małopolska) and Kielce, that a number of pathological phenomena in the attitudes of various Polish communities must be considered and studied in the context of the general framework of th...
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Aurelian GIUGĂL
2016-09-01
Full Text Available The world population has constantly increased post-1945. This trend has been unequal, there were significant differences between both continental & regional, developed & underdeveloped spaces. The increase in the developing world has been contra-balanced by decreasing in the developed countries. Additionally, as a consequence of low level fertility, the developed countries are affected by the phenomenon of aging population. Consequently, pro-immigration policies have been implemented in western societies. Under these circumstances, the percentage of Muslim and African population in Europe has lately increased. In this context, this article discusses these regional and continental demographic differences, trying to underline political influences generated by post-WWII demographic trend. Given the background, we state that immigrants from Western countries significantly influence the electoral behaviour. Moreover, recent tensions have changed security policies in the European and North American (USA cities. Last but not least, demographic evolutions have geopolitical impact.
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Gangi, Jane M.
2009-01-01
This article presents an annotated bibliography of children's literature resources on war, terrorism, and disaster since 1945. This annotated bibliography focuses on grades K-8 from different continents/countries, including (1) Africa; (2) Asia; (3) The Caribbean; (4) Central and South America; (5) Europe; and (6) The Middle East.
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Adriana Peña Mejía
2015-12-01
Full Text Available This article seeks to understand the way in which the cultural journeys of artists Eduardo Ramírez Villamizar, Edgar Negret, and Feliza Bursztyn to Paris after 1945 contributed to their dedication to art and to the configuration of modern art in Colombia. Analyzing their trajectories in the plastic arts, it presents the reasons that stimulated them to travel to Paris during a period in which New York was becoming a new world center of the arts. This research led to the conclusion that the time these Colombian artists spent in Paris after 1945 favored both the social acceptance of abstract art and the use of industrial and scrap materials as new plastic referents. It is thus a question of two significant events that led to a total renewal of modern art in Colombia.
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2010-07-01
... characteristics that would have existed if the gasoline giving rise to the violations had been produced or... reformulated gasoline that is produced or imported and offered for sale and for which the requirements to... FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Reformulated Gasoline § 80.80 Penalties. (a) Any person that violates any...
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Cincuenta años de historiografía odontológica española (1895-1945)
Sanz, Javier
2000-01-01
The first great historiographic stage of the Spanish dentistry corresponds to the years 1895- 1945, period in which characters like J. Martínez, J. M.ª Martí&l...
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Elmersjö, Henrik Åström
2016-01-01
This article explores the discussions concerning history textbooks that occurred within the Swedish State Approval Scheme for Textbooks (Statens läroboksnämnd) from 1945 to 1983. By focusing on the negotiation of nationhood and the process of textbook approval as an arena for the renegotiation of ways in which history was taught in schools, the…
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Antonio Sidney Pompeu
1982-01-01
Full Text Available The origin, morphological characteristics of plant, pod, seed, and seed coat colors of the new dry hean (Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars Catu, Aeté-3, Aroana 80, Moruna 80, Carioca 80 and Aysó, as well as their reaction to the anthracnose, common mosaic and rust pathogens, are described. Due to their high yield capacity and adaptation 'Catu' and 'Aeté-3' were pointed out for cultivation in the all growing dry bean areas in the State of São Paulo. 'Aroana 80', 'Moruna 80', 'Carioca 80' and 'Aysó' were released to the growers of Campinas region, although they can be grown in other dry bean producing areas due to their disease reaction.
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Britská politika vůči Malajsku a jeho dekolonizace v letech 1945 až 1971
Hladíková, Kristýna
2011-01-01
The bachelor thesis deals with the British policy towards Malaya and its decolonisation between 1945 and 1971. It aims to learn and describe how British cabinet approached to Malaya in the chosen time period, and to define goals of the monarchy for this country. The goals were being often changed or modified. The thesis follows also the circumstances (Malayan national demands, bad domestic economic situation, decreasing position in international politics, growing imperial commitments, the Col...
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Entre gueixas e samurais: a imigração japonesa nas revistas ilustradas (1897-1945)
Marcia Yumi Takeuchi
2009-01-01
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os debates em torno da imigração japonesa nas revistas ilustradas brasileiras publicadas nas cidades de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, e na documentação diplomática, tendo em vista a difusão do antiniponismo na sociedade brasileira entre os anos 1897 e 1945. Buscarei comprovar, a partir da análise das charges e caricaturas publicadas nessas revistas, sejam de cunho literário ou irreverente (cômico), que a iconografia exerceu papel fundamental na construçã...
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von Grabowski, Michał T W
2015-01-01
In the paper the health-care of physically disabled patients in Germany before, during and after the II world war are discussed. The circumstances of introduction of "Racial-Hygiene" - laws and orthopedic indications for the sterilization and euthanasia are described. Patients with severe physical and mental disabilities were potential candidates for annihilation. The tragic fate of jewish physicians is remembered. The activity of board of the German Orthopeadic Society (DOG) in the years 1933-1945 is described and critically analysed.
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Bakker, Nelleke
2015-01-01
Between c.1945 and 1965 across the West special education has grown and differentiated substantially. In the Netherlands this expansion ran parallel to the academic recognition and rapid development of the study of learning disabilities. How are these two processes related? This article argues that
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The Stanley Melville Memorial Lectures 1937-1945
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Brian Bentley, H.
2006-01-01
The Archibald Reid Memorial Competition theses have been precised in a previous edition of Radiography (Vol 11 Issue 3 Aug 2005). A great deal of information about the development of the profession and techniques was highlighted. In this edition (Vol 12 Issue 1 February 2006) we have looked at the Stanley Melville Memorial Lectures from 1937 to 1945. Unfortunately the First lecture, which took place in 1937, was not published. Eminent speakers, radiologists, radiographers, physicists and industrialists presented papers based on the background of radiography or radiotherapy of that period. There was obviously no point in reprinting the full lecture/paper but in selecting interesting information, quotations and ideas it was hoped to stimulate further reading and to continue the database. The exercise was also undertaken to show the progress made from the beginning to the present day procedures and practice. It will be seen that some of the concepts we hold today were in fact outlined 50 or 60 years ago. The other important thing to note is how the enthusiasm and foresight which people like Stanley Melville exhibited, has brought radiology and radiography, and radiologists and radiographers to the present. Seven of the Melville lectures appear in this paper and those delivered between 1946 and 1950 will form the basis of the next paper in the series
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The modernisation of the apprenticeship system in Denmark 1945 - 2015
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Jørgensen, Christian Helms
2018-01-01
to the employment system, but has weak links to general and higher education (Jørgensen, 2013; Ebner and Nikolai, 2012). Since the 1970s, reforms in the other Nordic countries have taken steps to establish a unified upper secondary school in accordance with the idea of the Nordic model of education. In con......The aim of this chapter is to explore the development of the Danish VET-system from 1945 until 2015 with a problem-based approach. The Danish VET-system is based on the apprenticeship model, and it is organised separately from general education (the Gymnasiums). The system is closely linked......-trast to this, Denmark has maintained a strong form of tracking between general and vocational education. The chapter explores why the Danish VET-system developed along a special trajectory, and what this implies for the current situation for VET. It takes a problem-based approach that examines how the main...
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Pela liberdade intelectual: uma homenagem a Gilberto Velho (1945-2012
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Karina Kuschnir
2012-01-01
Full Text Available Hommage à l'anthropologue Gilberto Velho, né en 1945, à Rio de Janeiro, et décédé à l'âge de 66 ans, d'un arrêt cardiaque chez lui, le 14 avril 2012. Pendant plus de quarante ans de travail, Gilberto Velho a publié des dizaines de textes, dirigé une centaine de thèses et mémoires, reçu divers prix et occupé des postes importants dans les institutions les plus renommées des Sciences Sociales brésiliennes. Il était professeur agrégé, Doyen du Département d'Anthropologie Sociale du Musée National de l'Université Fédérale de Rio de Janeiro et membre de l'Académie Brésilienne des Sciences. Dans cet article, on rend homage à son attachement à la liberté intellectuelle - une valeur qui illumine les interfaces de sa vie et de son oeuvre.
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2014-06-01
partners has catapulted the discussion across the ocean into France and Britain.2 Since the first time a pilot dropped a weapon on ground forces in...consolidate their power; and, with the economic progress spurred by the Marshall Plan, Britain, France , and the United States initiated a West...Asian version of Marxism .18 The culmination of these events, transpiring since August 1945, shaped how the political leaders of the United States
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The red atom: the help to USSR of German scientists between 1945-1961
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Andurand, R.
2010-01-01
In previous chapters has been exposed the saga of German scientists who worked for the Soviets from 1945 to 1965 and helped them to fill in record time the late that they had on Americans. However, without the help of German scientists, Russian scientists who were of an exceptional level would have succeeded anyway, but they would take the same time as the others for the same result. This article tells the uranium extraction by Belgians and the French organisation of uranium enrichment. The difficulties encountered by the French in relation with uranium hexafluoride enlighten the difficulties encountered by Russians and Germans on uranium enrichment that finally lead them to the uranium enrichment optimization. (N.C.)
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40 CFR 80.503-80.509 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel General Information §§ 80.503-80.509 [Reserved] ...
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Pang, D; Burges, D C; Sorahan, T
1996-01-01
OBJECTIVES: To re-examine mortality patterns in a cohort of nickel platers with no history of chromium plating. METHODS: All 284 men first employed by the company in 1945-75 with a minimum employment of three months in the nickel plating department were identified. Workers who had worked in the chromium plating or nickel/chromium plating departments were excluded. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs), P values, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Poisson regression was used to carry...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Milena Medina Pérez
2012-09-01
Full Text Available The cultural memory of the lodges of Victoria de Las Tunas (1930-1945, it constitutes the topic of the present investigation. The thematic of the lodges has been approached for studious and investigating, not alone of the town but of several parts of the world. Still when these studies exist, the related with the cultural memory of the lodges of the territory, is in the pages of the documents of the time that which leaves to the light starting from this investigation, to show yesterday's Tunas, rich in histories and anecdotes. In the town during the investigated period the lodges Masonic Children of Hiram existed, Vicente García No. 27, the young AJEF, the lodge Teosófica Esperanza, the Children of East No. 54 of the Odd Independent Fellows, the lodge Cucalambé of the Odd United Fellows and the lodge Victoria de Las Tunas No. 78 of the Luz's Order Gentlemen.
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Pruneri, Fabio
2016-01-01
In 1945, Italian society was in crisis. Twenty years of fascism and the aerial bombing and military offensives of the Second World War had left the civilian population suffering and the nation in need of reinvention. In this difficult context, certain anti-fascist intellectuals devised the interesting pedagogical experiment of the 11 Convitti…
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Bakker, Nelleke
2015-01-01
Between c.1945 and 1965 across the West special education has grown and differentiated substantially. In the Netherlands this expansion ran parallel to the academic recognition and rapid development of the study of learning disabilities. How are these two processes related? This article argues that in this country child science and special…
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40 CFR 80.562-80.569 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel Other Hardship Provisions §§ 80.562-80.569 [Reserved] Labeling...
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40 CFR 80.537-80.539 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel Temporary Compliance Option §§ 80.537-80.539 [Reserved] Geographic Phase...
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40 CFR 80.575-80.579 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel Labeling Requirements §§ 80.575-80.579 [Reserved] Sampling and Testing ...
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40 CFR 80.556-80.559 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel Small Refiner Hardship Provisions §§ 80.556-80.559 [Reserved] Other...
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40 CFR 80.514-80.519 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel General Information §§ 80.514-80.519 [Reserved] Motor Vehicle Diesel...
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40 CFR 80.587-80.589 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel Sampling and Testing §§ 80.587-80.589 [Reserved] Recordkeeping and...
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Fenomén "zdravé výživy" v českých zemích 1945-1989
Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Franc, Martin
2010-01-01
Roč. 12, č. 3 (2010), s. 163-166 ISSN 1212-3536. [Alergie začíná v dětství. Setkání dětských alergologů a klinických imunologů /9./. Telč, 18.06.2010-20.06.2010] Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z80770509 Keywords : nutrition strategy 1945-1989 * Czechoslovakia Subject RIV: AB - History
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40 CFR 80.528-80.529 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel Standards and Requirements §§ 80.528-80.529...
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40 CFR 80.541-80.549 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel Geographic Phase-in Provisions §§ 80.541-80.549 [Reserved] Small Refiner...
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The War on “Red Drugs”: Anticommunism and Drug Policy in Republic of Korea, 1945-1960
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ji-Young Park
2016-04-01
Full Text Available This paper investigates the discourses and policies on narcotics in Republic of Korea from 1945 to 1960. Since the Liberation the narcotic problem was regarded as the vestige of Japanese imperialism. which was expected to be cleaned up. The image of narcotic crimes as the legacy of the colonial past was turned into as the result of the Red Army’s tactics to attack on the liberalist camp around the Korean war. The government of ROK represented the source of the illegal drugs as the Red army and the spy from North Korea. The anticommunist discourse about narcotics described the spies, who introduced the enormous amount of poppies into ROK and brought about the addicts, as the social evil. Through this discourse on poppies from North Korea, the government of ROK emphasized the immorality of the communists reinforcing the anticommunist regime, which was inevitable for the government of ROK to legitimize the division of Korea and the establishment of the government alone. This paper examines how the discourses and policies on narcotics in ROK was shaped and transformed from 1945 to 1960 focusing the relationship between the them and the political context such as anticommunism, Korean war, the division of Korea, and etc. This approach would be helpful to reveal the effect of the ROK’s own political situation to the public health system involving the management for drugs.
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The ideology of convenience. Canned foods in women's magazines (Flanders, 1945-1960).
Geyzen, Anneke
2015-11-01
This paper investigates the communication of canned foods in Flanders between 1945 and 1960. It forwards the antinomy between convenience and care as theoretical framework, it uses three women's magazines as source material, and it subjects this material to the technique of close reading. The results show that the discursive construction of canned foods differs according to the ideology of the magazines. Whereas the agrarian periodical discarded canned foods as careless convenience that menaced the idea of the good housewife, the socialist and the commercial publications undeniably accepted them as caring convenience that could facilitate the household chores of working women. The analysis, thus, deals with the ideological aspect of convenience food, an aspect that has only rarely been examined. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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När David förlorade mot Goliat : En studie om hur ett varumärke påverkas vid förlusten av en tvist
Ekberg, Emma; Blomqvist, Hugo
2016-01-01
I november 2015 avgjordes en tvist mellan havredrycksproducenten Oatly och branschorganisationen Svensk Mjölk i Marknadsdomstolen. Svensk Mjölk stämde Oatly eftersom de ansåg att deras marknadsföring var vilseledande. Stämningen ledde till att Oatly dömdes till förbud för marknadsföring som antyder att havremjölk är ett bättre val än komjölk. Denna studies syfte är att undersöka hur tvisten påverkat Oatlys lojala kunders varumärkesuppfattning utifrån begreppet brand image. För att undersöka d...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ramon Kaban
2004-04-01
Full Text Available As a modern democracy state that was born after the World War II, Indonesia should guarantee the enforcement of human right on politics for the society. Therefore constitutional development of Indonesia are demanded to be able to follow the era development. It can be done by doing amendment on Paragraph 28 of Constitution 1945 of Year 2000 as a second amendment. The amendment reflects Indonesia point of view that are more modern and open in organizing the human right on the constitution as an explanation of advance point of view on human right for sure.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tiago Lisboa Bartholo
2012-04-01
Full Text Available O artigo analisa como dois jornais do Rio de Janeiro constroem discursos sobre a nação e sobre o “ser brasileiro”, a partir do confronto com a seleção argentina de futebol em três ocasiões na Copa Roca (1939, 1940 e 1945 e no campeonato Sul-Americano de 1945. Os dados indicam a construção de dois tipos de discurso complementares relativos às derrotas e às vitórias da seleção brasileira. O primeiro evidencia a tensão entre “tradição” e “modernização”; o segundo privilegia a construção de estereótipos culturais sobre os brasileiros e os seus vizinhos argentinos, reforçando os ideais de civilité do homem europeu brancoThe aim of this article is to analyze the construction of nationalism and of cultural stereotypes about “being Brazilian” by focusing on the football matches with the Argentinean national team. We analyze reports in two dailies (Correio da Manhã and Jornal dos Sports during three Copa Roca tournaments (1939, 1940, and 1945 and during the South American Championship of 1945. The data give evidence of the construction of two complementary types of narrative: the first reveals a tension between “tradition” and “modernization”; the second points to the construction of cultural stereotypes about Brazilians and Argentineans that, in fact, reinforce ideals of civility related to images of European white manhood.
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Sluyterman, K.E.
2017-01-01
In this article I analyse how Dutch companies approached the consumers and marketing during the years 1945-1968, a period during which the Netherlands became a ‘consumer society’. In the first part I examine articles in the Dutch journal Tijdschrift voor Efficiëntie en Documentatie (ted, or Journal
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Priskorn, L; Holmboe, Sarah; Jacobsen, R
2012-01-01
The fertility rate has recently declined in many parts of the World, including Europe. To a large extent, this change can be explained by the socio-economic development. However, increasing fertility problems and widespread occurrence of poor semen quality could in part explain the few births....... The objective of this registry based study was to investigate birth cohort related trends in fertility and childlessness among Danish men. The study population comprised all 1 616 677 men in Denmark born from 1945 to 1980 of whom 1 359 975 (84.1%) were native Danes. Data were obtained from Statistics Denmark...... and contained information from The National Danish Birth Registry and The Danish In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Registry. For consecutive birth cohorts of native Danish men cumulative fertility rates at age 45 declined from 1.91 children per man in the 1945 birth cohort to 1.71 for men born in 1960...
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40 CFR 80.618-80.619 - [Reserved
2010-07-01
... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA Marine Fuel Violation Provisions §§ 80.618-80.619 [Reserved] Provisions for Foreign Refiners and Importers for Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel Subject to a Temporary Compliance Option or Hardship...
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Cae el telón. El cine norteamericano en los inicios de la Guerra Fría (1945-1954
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
José-Vidal Pelaz López
2009-12-01
Full Text Available Este artículo analiza el cine norteamericano en el periodo inicial de la Guerra Fría, (1945-1954. En estos años de “caza de brujas” la industria de Hollywood puso en marcha la producción de una serie de películas anticomunistas, la primera de las cuales fue Telón de acero (William Wellman 1948, que serviría de modelo a muchas más. El autor estudia este film y reflexiona sobre los mitos que todavía perviven acerca del “macartismo”, muchos de ellos alimentados por la visión que la propia industria del cine ha ofrecido sobre lo ocurrido entonces.____________________ABSTRACT:This article examines American cinema in the initial period of the Cold War (1945-1954. In these years of "witch hunting" Hollywood industry launched the production of a series of anti communist films, the first of which was Iron curtain (William Wellman 1948, which serve as a model for many more. The author examines this film and reflects on the myths that still persist about "McCarthyism", many of them fueled by the view that the film industry has offered about what happened then.
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Estimation of 1945 to 1957 food consumption. Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Anderson, D.M.; Bates, D.J.; Marsh, T.L.
1993-07-01
This report details the methods used and the results of the study on the estimated historic levels of food consumption by individuals in the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) study area from 1945--1957. This period includes the time of highest releases from Hanford and is the period for which data are being collected in the Hanford Thyroid Disease Study. These estimates provide the food-consumption inputs for the HEDR database of individual diets. This database will be an input file in the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Integrated Code (HEDRIC) computer model that will be used to calculate the radiation dose. The report focuses on fresh milk, eggs, lettuce, and spinach. These foods were chosen because they have been found to be significant contributors to radiation dose based on the Technical Steering Panel dose decision level.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ida R. Hasan, S.H., M.H.
2016-09-01
Full Text Available The multi-party system is a system that consists of more than two dominant parties. Under the provisions of Article 6 and Article 6A the Constitution NRI 1945 Results Changes in the election of the President and Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia using the direct election system based on the proposals of the political party or coalition of political parties. If if adopted multi-party system, the presidential election will take place on the basis of a compromise between several parties contained therein. This was done because among the party that produced no outright majority. President elected in this way, would not want or desire should always pay attention to political parties that support it. The formulation of the problem is How the Implementation of the System Setup Multi Party in Indonesia? How to Influence System Against Multi Party Presidential Position In the presidential system of government in Indonesia? The research method is a normative juridical approach. Normative juridical approach method used to assess or analyze secondary data in the form of legal materials, especially primary law materials and secondary legal materials. Indonesia adheres to to multi-party presidential system. Multi-party system has been running since 1945 and runs until today even though some time has been changed the system of government. Post-reform, democratic system in Indonesia entered a new era, especially in an election in Indonesia. In a presidential system of government, multi-party system affect the difficulty of candidates for President and vice president produce a majority in the election.
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Khatanzeiskaya, Elizaveta
2015-01-01
The article «Everyday Life in Wartime Arkhangelsk: The Problem of Starvation and Death during the Second World War (1939–1945)» is based on primary sources: interviews with eyewitnesses, memoirs, materials of press, diaries and archival documents. During the Second World War more than 40 thousand civilians died in Arkhangelsk (one fourth of its prewar population) because of starvation. This paper is an attempt to explain this phenomenon.
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Peng, Huan-Sheng; Chu, Jo-Ying
2017-01-01
The eight-year-long period from Japan's initiation of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937 to its unconditional surrender in 1945 forced Japan to invest its national economy and industrial and scientific technologies in the war. In addition, in the name of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, Japan initiated its assimilation and Kominka…
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MacKinnon, Dolly
2009-01-01
This chapter examines the official 'entertainment', in all its forms, provided to inmates in Australian and New Zealand asylums--later mental hospitals--between c.1860 and c.1945. Visitors came into asylum grounds and patients were permitted periods of leave, all for the purposes of entertainment and recreation. Surviving recreation buildings, their grounds and institutional archives, bear silent witness to the noisy and lively recreational activities of past patients, staff and visitors. This chapter reconstructs these practices in twenty public and three private asylums from this period by examining a diverse range of sources, including archives, histories of asylums and newspaper articles.
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
2. oplag 1993. Svensk udgave: Från Vikingar till Korsfarare, 1992. Tysk udgave: Wikinger Waráger Normannen. Die Skandinavier und Europa 800-1200, 1992. Fransk udgave i samarbejde med J.-P. Mohen & F.-X. Dillmann: Les Vikings . . . . Les Scandinaves et l'Europe 800-1200, 1992. Engelske og amerikan......2. oplag 1993. Svensk udgave: Från Vikingar till Korsfarare, 1992. Tysk udgave: Wikinger Waráger Normannen. Die Skandinavier und Europa 800-1200, 1992. Fransk udgave i samarbejde med J.-P. Mohen & F.-X. Dillmann: Les Vikings . . . . Les Scandinaves et l'Europe 800-1200, 1992. Engelske og...... amerikanske udgaver i samarbejde med D.M. Wilson: From Viking to Crusader. Scandinavia and Europe 800-1200, 1992...
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Discursos em oposição: Imagens e representações do imigrante no Brasil (1850-1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Lená Medeiros de Menezes
2017-07-01
Full Text Available The article analyzes the discourse on immigration in Brazil between 1850 and 1945, reflecting on practices and representations. On the one hand the analysis prioritizes the defense of immigration as the country's way to get rid of their slave past, going on the path of progress; secondly, it is highlighted the accusation that immigration was responsible for the expansion of disorder, crime and anarchism. By analyzing the speech placed in dispute, the paper discusses the representations of good and bad immigrant, weaving reflections on policies adopted in the Empire and the Republic.
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British nuclear power: protest and legitimation 1945 - 1980
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Welsh, I.
1988-02-01
This thesis traces the development of British civil nuclear power policy between 1945 and 1982. Throughout particular attention is paid to the methods of legitimation which have been used to justify this policy in the public arena. By tracing this legitimation process, and public responses to it, the modern anti nuclear movement and crisis of public acceptability are placed within an historical context. It is argued that public concern and disquiet have always required the active legitimation of nuclear policy from the inception of the technology. The initial base of this legitimation was largely symbolic and associated nuclear power with the future of civilisation and a second of Elizabethan splendour for Britain. Symbolic legitimacy was underpinned by the twin pillars of expert hegemony and political authority. As these became increasingly prominent due to internal disputes within the industry secrecy was applied as a means of preserving legitimacy. Having tried conventional avenues of opposition the anti nuclear movement then embarked upon a campaign of direct action. The links between this campaign and the pervasive sense of public unease which had always existed are explored. It is argued here that the anti nuclear movement produces and sustains a cogent critique of nuclear power. Campaigning around this critique wins the movement increasing legitimacy as its arguments are increasingly accepted. (author)
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Kostriukov Andrei
2014-12-01
Full Text Available The article covers the circumstances of the consolidation of parishes of Russian tradition in the West European exarchate with the Moscow Patriarchy in 1945. The author has analyzed the subsequent circumstances that assisted the parties with the rupture of relations in 1946. On the basis of the documents the author has drawn the conclusion about the primary fragility of the first consolidation that was hasty made, nonmetering specific jurisdictional features of the West European exarchate. Serious problems on the way to unity have arisen in August, 1945, when the representative of the Moscow Patriarchy, metropolitan Nicolay (Jarushevich, had arrived to Paris. Objections against the consolidation have run as follows: the Church in the USSR continued to be in enslavement by the atheistic government. Despite the arguments of association’s opponents, metropolitan Evlogy has agreed to be the part of the Moscow Patriarchy. The next months the positions of the opponents have become stronger because of metropolitan Evlogy who remained the exarch of both Ecumenical and Moscow Patriarchs. In February, 1946 at the ceremony of ordination, bishop Nikon (Greve has sworn not to Moscow, but to the Constantinople patriarch. The decree of the Presidium of the Supreme council of the USSR from June, 14th, 1945 about citizenship that was granted to Russian emigrants in France became the serious strike on the unity. In the Exarchate the delimitation between those who has accepted the Soviet citizenship and those who has refused has begun. Thus the diocesan council, being afraid of freedom’s infringement, prepared a soil for the future separation from the Moscow Patriarchy. In July, 1946 the diocesan council made the memorandum that the policy of the further rapprochement with the USSR and the Moscow Patriarchy threatened the Exarchate with split. After metropolitan Evlogy’s death the division became the accomplished fact.
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Divine service, music, sport, and recreation as medicinal in Australian asylums 1860s-1945.
MacKinnon, Dolly
2009-01-01
Australian asylum records (circa 1860 to circa 1945) demonstrate that medical staff went to great lengths to provide recreation to suitable patients. This article examines how the demarcation of Australian institutional spaces along gender divisions was also mirrored by the gender-specific recreational activities provided in purpose-built facilities. Using Australian examples I demonstrate how the main forms of recreation-that is divine service, music and dance, and sport-were justified to governments on medical grounds. Some designated recreational spaces even offered select female and male patients the opportunity to mix under medical supervision. Recreation was therapeutic because of its psychological, physical, social, and moral benefits, and government authorities funded the construction of costly chapels, recreation halls, and sports grounds expressly for this medical purpose.
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Le reti di spionaggio e sabotaggio nazifasciste nell’Italia occupata dagli Alleati (1943-1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Nicola Tonietto
2016-12-01
Full Text Available The aim of this work is to describe German and Republican Fascists secret services espionage and sabotage networks, their missions and their agents who were sent to the South-Central Italy, between 1943 and 1945, with the goal of obstructing the Allied advance. The two German secret services, namely Abwehr and Sicherheitsdienst, recruited Italian agents (who belonged to the Milizia, the Black Brigades or Borghese’s Decima Mas to take part in espionage and sabotage operations beyond the Allied lines. Even the fascists themselves, through the newborn SID or other groups like Prince Pignatelli’s or Pucci-Del Massa Office, tried to plan espionage networks but also to prepare the ground for the survival of the fascism after the end of the war.
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Psychodynamics in child psychiatry in Sweden, 1945-85: from political vision to treatment ideology.
Nelson, Karin Zetterqvist; Sandin, Bengt
2013-09-01
In this article, changing treatment ideologies and policies in child psychiatric outpatient services in Sweden from 1945 to 1985 are examined. The aim is to discuss the role played by psychoanalytic and psychodynamic thinking in this process of change. When mental health services for children were introduced in the mid-1940s, psychoanalytic thinking was intertwined with the social democratic vision of the Swedish welfare state in which children symbolized the future. In practice, however, treatment ideology was initially less influenced by psychoanalytic thinking. From the early 1960s, child psychiatric services expanded and the number of units increased. By then, the political vision had disappeared, but a treatment ideology began to evolve based on psychodynamic theories, which became dominant in the 1970s.
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Władze polskie wobec problemu roszczeń finansowych w stosunkach z Włochami w latach 1945–1956
Jarosz, Dariusz; Pasztor, Maria
2013-01-01
The sketch is an attempt to present the main financial problems in the Polish-Italian relations from 1945 to 1956. It is based primarily on sources stored in Central Archives of Modern Records and Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Warsaw. The study showed that the main purpose of the Polish authorities was to avoid having to pay the pre-war debts to Italy, and compensation resulting from the adoption of the law on nationalization of industry, from 3 January 1946. F...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Moreli Rocha, Alexandre L.
2015-06-01
Full Text Available Still an open debate, definitions about the beginning of the Cold War were even more ambiguous to actors at the time concerned with development and exit strategies for the Second World War. That was precisely the scenario to several Latin American leaders who, far from the Iron Curtain, were debating the rise of the UN system and of parliamentary diplomacy. Focusing on a multilateral strategy of action for the post-war international order, our work tries to put together the Pan-Latin, Pan-American and UN policies of Latin Americans since the Chapultepec Conference of February 1945 until the 1954 Conferences of Caracas, which fashioned the Organization of American States’ Cold War status, and of Madrid, which failed to consolidate the Latin Union.Todavía un debate en abierto en la historiografía, la definición sobre los marcos del principio de la Guerra Fría fue aún más ambigua para los actores involucrados en el conflicto bélico precedente y preocupados con el desarrollo y las salidas estratégicas posibles de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Esta fue la realidad para varios líderes latinoamericanos que, lejos de la Cortina de Hierro, quedaban mucho más preocupados con el surgimiento del sistema de las Naciones Unidas y la diplomacia parlamentaria. Centrándose sobre las estrategias multilaterales para la orden internacional de la posguerra, nuestro trabajo pretende analizar las políticas Pan-Latinas, Pan Americanas y para las Naciones Unidas de la América Latina desde la Conferencia de Chapultepec, en febrero de 1945, hasta las Conferencias de 1954 de Caracas, que consolidó la Organización de los Estados Americanos en un contexto de Guerra Fría, y de Madrid, que no logró consolidar la Unión Latina.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Anderson, D.M.; Bates, D.J.; Marsh, T.L.
1993-03-01
This report details the methods used and the results of the study on the estimated historic levels of food consumption by individuals in the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) study area from 1945--1957. This period includes the time of highest releases from Hanford and is the period for which data are being collected in the Hanford Thyroid Disease Study. These estimates provide the food-consumption inputs for the HEDR database of individual diets. This database will be an input file in the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Integrated Code (HEDRIC) computer model that will be used to calculate the radiation dose. The report focuses on fresh milk, eggs, lettuce, and spinach. These foods were chosen because they have been found to be significant contributors to radiation dose based on the Technical Steering Panel dose decision level.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mart, E.I.; Denham, D.H.; Thiede, M.E.
1993-12-01
This report is a result of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project whose goal is to estimate the radiation dose that individuals could have received from emissions since 1944 at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Hanford Site near Richland, Washington. The HEDR Project is conducted by Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories (BNW). One of the radionuclides emitted that would affect the radiation dose was iodine-131. This report describes in detail the reconstructed conversion and correction factors for historical measurements of iodine-131 in Hanford-area vegetation which was collected from the beginning of October 1945 through the end of December 1947
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Les violences politiques dans les Etats de la Caraïbe insulaire (1945 à nos jours)
Jalabert, Laurent
2003-01-01
La violence politique dans les Etats indépendants de la Caraïbe insulaire (Cuba, Haïti, Saint-Domingue, Jamaïque, Trinidad…) de 1945 à nos jours est une caractéristique constante des pratiques politiques en vigueur dans ces pays. La violence politique s’y est érigée au titre de « culture politique », aussi bien à l’intérieur de régimes autoritaires (Cuba, Haïti, Saint-Domingue), que dans les processus de transition démocratique (Haïti, Saint-Domingue), voire dans les démocraties (Jamaïque, Tr...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Janez Skela
2013-05-01
Full Text Available Taking a historical perspective, this article documents the development of domestically produced English Language Learning (ELL materials in the period between 1945 and 2013. To this end, reference is made to milestones that marked shifts in linguistic and foreign language teaching paradigms, including aspects of Method and the underlying conception of language. The analysis will draw on aspects of Method in relation to language policy documents (i.e., curricula and the course books in which these principles are embodied. Through the analysis of these factors we trace the evolution from Grammar–Translation methodology to Communicative Language Teaching in locally produced textbooks which are representative of various historical periods.
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A Revolutionary Promise of Justice: Diane Arbus’ Self-Portrait, Pregnant, 1945, NYC
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Andrea Liss
2017-08-01
Full Text Available My critical musings on this little-known maternal self-portrait are meant to reconceive its meaning as an uncanny predecessor to contemporary feminist embodied knowledge. This knowledge holds the potential for articulating new strategies of respect for the maternal and for the real mother, in other words for thinking m(otherwise. This portent photograph not only presented a non-normative concept of pregnancy during its cultural moment; it continues to challenge the deep patriarchal “embarrassment” that pregnancy carries. Arbus’ performance of the maternal was crafted within her creative practice and deeply embedded within a new maternal structure of projected work and self. Picturing herself as artist/photographer, other, lover and projected mother, she embodies a creative interplay between the passion of theory and the thinking body. This photograph can be viewed at https://onlineonly.christies.com/s/photographs-diane-arbus/self-portrait-pregnant-n-y-c-1945-1/222.
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Imaginary Savior: the image of the nuclear bomb in Korea, 1945-1960.
Kim, Dong-Won
2009-01-01
Two atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 brought the unexpected liberation of Korea from the 35-year Japanese occupation. Koreans therefore had a very favorable and positive image of the nuclear bomb and nuclear energy from the beginning. The image of the nuclear bomb as "savior" was strengthened during the Korean War when the United States openly mentioned the possible use of the nuclear bomb against North Korean and Chinese military. After the end of the Korean War in July 1953 South Koreans strongly supported the development of the nuclear bomb in order to deter another North Korean invasion. When the US government provided South Korea with a research nuclear reactor in the late 1950s, most South Koreans hailed it as the first step to developing their own nuclear bomb. This paper will analyze how and why the savior image of the nuclear bomb originated and spread in Korea during the 1950s.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Michael Malkiewicz
2013-06-01
Full Text Available Skoraj vsi nosilci muzikoloških nazivov na univerzah in visokih šolah v Nemčiji so se po letu 1945 lahko vrnili na svoja mesta. Razlogi, zakaj je nekdo lahko ostal na svojem mestu v muzikologiji, zakaj so nekateri lahko nadaljevali svoje delo potem, ko jih je vojaška vlada za kratek čas odstavila in zakaj so bili drugi za stalno odstavljeni, so zelo različni.
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Visuality and modernity on the design project of the O Cruzeiro illustrated magazine (1928-1945
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Marinês Ribeiro dos Santos
2013-06-01
Full Text Available O Cruzeiro was a brazilian illustrated magazine published between 1928 and 1975. In this article, we explore how this publication is exemplar in the articulation of graphical and editorial practices, contributing in some ways to the construction of a modern visual culture in Brazil. We delimit our analysis to a period that goes from the publication of its first issue to the end of the Second World War, in 1945, a time when several countrywide modernization trends took place. Our focuses concern the particular and interrelated employment of photography, graphic illustrations, typography and printing technologies on its essays. We can say that the articulation of textual and imagetic resources contributed to the construction of new practices of reading in everyday life.
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Pelajaran dari Reformasi Sistem Birokrasi di Jepang 1945-1952
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Nihei Daisuki
2015-12-01
Full Text Available Reforms are usually come out when a country is encountering a crisis. When Japan was totally destructed at the end of World War II, a crisis of identity and public trust to the government, together with the tight supervision and intervention of Allied power under the SCAP (Supreme Commander for the Allied Power, gave all possibilities for the significant economic and political reforms in the country. During the period of Allied occupation in 1945-1952, therefore, Japanese monolithic political system and the strong adherence to the Emperor have been changed into a more democratic and pluralistic system. This fundamental change established a strong basis for Japan to boost economic activities with even higher growth. However, it is proved that administrative or bureaucratic reforms have not been successful during that period. There were still much politicking and vested interests involved in the bureaucratic system which was influenced by hegemonic and crony system. This was because SCAP adopted an "indirect administration system" during the occupation period with lack of commitment for administrative reforms. There are some lessons which can be learnt by Indonesian policy makers. Among others, one important thing is that bureaucrats are usually havk. a high resilience for administrative reforms. To materialize a big change, reformers have to consider the culture and conduct reform with a strong political will and commitment.
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Human heredity after 1945: moving populations centre stage.
Bangham, Jenny; de Chadarevian, Soraya
2014-09-01
The essays in this issue look at the contested history of human heredity after 1945 from a new analytical angle, that of populations and the ways in which they were constructed and studied. One consequence of this approach is that we do not limit our attention to the disciplinary study of genetics. After the Second World War, populations became a central topic for an array of fields, including demography, anthropology, epidemiology, and public health. Human heredity had a role in all of these: demographers carried out mental surveys in efforts to distinguish hereditary from environmental factors, doctors screened newborns and tested pregnant women for chromosome disorders; anthropologists collected blood from remote locations to gain insights into the evolutionary history of human populations; geneticists monitored people exposed to radiation. Through this work, populations were labelled as clinical, normal, primitive, pure, vulnerable or exotic. We ask: how were populations chosen, who qualified as members, and how was the study of human heredity shaped by technical, institutional and geopolitical conditions? By following the practical and conceptual work to define populations as objects of research, the essays trace the circulation of practices across different fields and contexts, bringing into view new actors, institutions, and geographies. By doing so the collection shows how human heredity research was linked to the broader politics of the postwar world, one profoundly conditioned by Cold War tensions, by nationalist concerns, by colonial and post-colonial struggles, by modernisation projects and by a new internationalism. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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National Research Council Canada - National Science Library
Chancellor, Richard W
2005-01-01
A comparison of Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (HPAC) software dose-rate contour plots to a sample of local nuclear fallout data from test detonations in the continental United States, 1945 - 1962, is performed...
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"Kalevipoeg" rootsi kuues / Arvo Mägi
Mägi, Arvo, 1913-2004
1999-01-01
rets. rmt.: Kalevipoeg: Estlands nationalepos/samlad och på estniska utgiven av Fr. R. Kreutzwald; i svensk tolkning av Alex Milits; illustrationer av Erik Haamer. Borås : Invandrarförlaget, 1999. 325 lk
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Salazar y Franco en el panorama internacional: estrategia diplomática y propaganda (1936-1945
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Alberto Pena Rodríguez
2013-12-01
Full Text Available Este trabajo es una aproximación al estudio de la proyección propagandística y la estrategia diplomática internacionaldesarrollada por la dictadura portuguesa y el Movimiento Nacional franquista para defender, promocionar y consolidar ambos regímenes autoritarios en la Península Ibérica durante el periodo 1936-1945. El principal argumento de la investigación sostiene que el papel jugado por Salazar y sus servicios diplomáticos fue muy relevante en la victoria del general Franco en la Guerra Civil española. La prensa y ladiplomacia portuguesa prestaron una cobertura propagandística extraordinaria al franquismo. Sin embargo, el estallido de la Segunda Guerra mundial obligó a Franco y Salazar a firmar el Pacto de Amistad y No Agresión en 1939 y a crear posteriormente el Bloque Ibérico para garantizar su neutralidad y supervivencia.This research is an approach to study the propagandistic projection and the international diplomatic strategy conducted by the Portuguese dictatorship and the Franco National Movement to defend, to promote and to consolidate both authoritarian regimes in the Iberia Peninsula during the 1936-1945 period. The main argument of this work holds that the role played by Salazar and his diplomatic services was very relevant for the Franco’s victory inthe Spanish Civil War. The press and the Portuguese diplomacy lent a extraordinary aid to the Franco regime However, the outbreak of the Second World War II forced to Franco and Salazar to sign the Pact of Friendship and Non Aggresion in 1939 and to create later the Iberian Block to ensure their neutrality and survival.
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Urs Matthias Zachmann
2014-01-01
Full Text Available European normativity has been an epistemological problem for Japan throughout modernity (1868–1945. This essay discusses this problem in the case of international law by tracing its reception and application from the beginning, the opening- up of Japan in 1854, until the final demise of its imperialist project in 1945. During this period, Japan was the only non-Western great power in the hitherto all-European concert of powers. International law and the critique of European normativity played a central role in Japan’s ascent to power and confrontation with the West. In the first phase of reception between 1954 and 1905, Japanese attitudes towards international law were marked by an exceptional commitment to and acquiescence with the European standard, in line with Japan’s ambition to »leave Asia«. However, due to its strategic purposes, European normativity was more a means of political expediency than a matter of intrinsic conviction. Moreover, after the initial phase of receiving and practicing the principles of international law with considerable success, many Japanese began to feel a certain estrangement and inner reservation to European standards. Not until 1905, was Japan in a position to gradually challenge Europe. Thus, Japan’s interwar period (1905–1931 was an uneasy combination of outward compliance and inner reservation, a tension that Japan eventually resolved by withdrawing from Europe and trying to build its own autonomous sphere in East Asia after 1931. However, the example of Japanese international lawyers shows that in order to save international law from its ultranationalist critics and enemies, European normativity still remained the central cultural reference, albeit now in its revisionist variant (especially Soviet and Nazi German political thought and subject to a strategic re-interpretation. Thus, from the perspective of Japanese international lawyers, despite the Pan-Asianist pretenses of Japan’s official
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"Kalevipoeg" rootsi keeles / Juhan Mägiste ; ill. Erik Haamer
Mägiste, Juhan
2000-01-01
rets. rmt.: Kalevipoeg: Estlands nationalepos/samlad och på estniska utgiven av. Fr. R. Kreutzwald; i svensk tolkning av Alex Milits; illustrationer av Erik Haamer. Borås: Invandrarförlaget, 1999. 325 lk. : ill
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PENGADAAN TANAH DENGAN CARA JUAL BELI OLEH INSTANSI PEMERINTAH MENURUT PASAL 33 AYAT (3 UUD 1945
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Dedy Hernawan
2016-01-01
Full Text Available The Development of physical infrastructure always requires the availability of land, it is not limited to the State land but also to the land rights. Small-scale land acquisition in the area of less than five (5 acre, can be bought or sold between government agencies with land owners, then the land belongs to the government or local government. This provision is problematic because according to Indonesian laws, the land is controlled by the State instead of owned. The writer will conduct the research with the aim of knowing the Judicial consequences of the implementation of land for development in the public interest by sale and purchase as stipulated in the laws. Knowing supposed to be done by government institution in order to land acquisition for public development. From the research it can be concluded that: Knowing the Judicial consequences of the implementation of land for development in the public interest by sale and purchase as stipulated in the law number 2 year 2012 on procurement land for development for public interest, presidential decree number 40 year 2014 which resulted in the land of inheritance of government, is contrary to the provision set forth in article 33 paragraph 3 of the constitution 1945 and the provision of the basic law of agrarian number 5 year 1960. The supposed to be done by government institution in order to land acquisition for public development is trough waiver process/or extraction right by compensation, the amount of compesation itself supposed to be based on the price not based on the tax value of the land. Keywords: land; buying and selling; waiver Pembangunan sarana prasarana fisik memerlukan ketersediaan tanah, baik tanah negara dan tanah hak. Pengadaan tanah dalam skala kecil yang luasnya kurang dari 5 (lima hektar, dapat dilakukan dengan jual beli antara instansi pemerintah dengan pemilik tanah, tanahnya kemudian menjadi milik pemerintah atau pemerintah daerah. Penelitian ini membahas
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Changes in a box turtle population during three decades
Stickel, L.F.
1978-01-01
Studies of a Maryland population of marked box-turtles (Terrapene carolina) in 1945, 1955, 1965 and 1975 showed a pronounced decline in population size during the three decades; the greatest change came between 1965 and 1975, when numbers were reduced by half. Proportions of females and of young also declined. Fifteen % of the males and 11% of the females that were more than 20 years old in 1945 still were present in 1975; some probably were more than 80 years old.
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Bach, Ivo
2018-01-01
Internetis/veebisaidis avaldatud teabega seotud kohtuasjadest, ka Eesti kohtutes arutlusel olnud kohtuasjast Bolagsupplysningen OÜ hagi Svensk Handel AB vastu ebaõigete andmete ümberlükkamiseks, kommentaare eemaldama kohustamiseks ja varalise kahju väljamõistmiseks
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78 FR 28627 - TA-W-80,340; TA-W-80,340A; TA-W-80,340B
2013-05-15
...] Bush Industries, Inc., Mason Drive Facility, Including On-Site Leased Workers From Morris Security...., Mason Drive Facility, Jamestown, New York (TA-W-80,340) and Bush Industries, Inc., Allen Street Facility... applicable to TA-W-80,340 is hereby issued as follows: All workers of Bush Industries, Inc., Mason Drive...
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Luts-Sootak, Marju, 1966-
2013-01-01
Arvustus: Thomas Ditt. „Stoßtruppfakultät Breslau“. Rechtswissenschaft im „Grenzland Schlesien“ 1933-1945. (Beiträge zur Rechtsgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts, Bd. 67.) Mohr Siebeck. Tübingen 2011
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Carrillo Reveles, Veremundo
2016-01-01
Resumen: A partir de un debate en la prensa, se analizan las circunstancias que propiciaron la promulgación de un decreto presidencial, vigente entre 1945 y 2005, que restringía la participación de jugadores extranjeros y naturalizados en el balompié profesional de México. El fútbol, considerado como "arena pública", es el contexto con base en el cual se propone que en el fondo de la discusión sobre la restricción está la confrontación entre concepciones diversas sobre la pertenencia a la com...
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Mariana Clavero
2010-01-01
Este artículo presenta el impacto y las consecuencias del viaje de san Alberto Hurtado a los Estados Unidos en el año 1945. El acceso a nuevos documentos ha permitido iluminar de mejor manera los motivos del viaje: luego de su renuncia a la Acción Católica, es becado por Mons. Edwin O'Hara para ir a estudiar por un año a la Escuela de Trabajo Social de la Universidad Católica de Washington. El viaje le permite, además, tomar contacto con diversas obras sociales de la Iglesia de EE. UU y de Ca...
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Válečná propaganda v Německu a na okupovaných územích v letech 1939-1945
Bělík, Tadeáš
2013-01-01
The topic of this thesis is a German war propaganda during the Second World War, that is from 1st of September 1939 to May 1945, when the Nazi regime was defeated by allied troops. The work is composed of several parts - the definition of propaganda, its brief historical development to 20th century and the advent of modern propaganda and Nazi propaganda until 1939 (with focus on turning points), the propaganda before the war and in its early years and propaganda appearance after defeat became...
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Jonathan de Oliveira Molar
2009-04-01
Full Text Available This paper is aimed at discussing the representations about the hillbilly, the national peasant based on visions of two intellectuals: writer Monteiro Lobato and painter José Ferraz de Almeida Jr. Therefore, both literature and iconographic sources will support an analysis of the living standards of the rustic, as found in the historical period covered – 1889 until 1945. Contributions from authors who work with image analysis will be used as method, such as Henry Silva’s and Ana M. Mauad’s, and authors who work with the said period and the provincial issue: Lilia Schwarcz, Glauco Barsalini and Antonio Candido. O presente trabalho se propõe a discutir as representações elaboradas acerca do caboclo, do caipira nacional a partir das visões de dois intelectuais: o escritor Monteiro Lobato e o pintor José Ferraz de Almeida Júnior. Desse modo, analisar tanto na literatura quanto no conjunto iconográfico o ir e vir que perpassa as considerações sobre o modo de vida do caboclo, de acordo com o período histórico abordado – de 1889 até 1945. Para tanto, utiliza-se de autores que trabalham com análise de imagens, tais como: Henrique Silva e Ana M. Mauad; e, autores que trabalham com o citado período e a questão cabocla: Lilia Schwarcz, Glauco Barsaline e Antônio Cândido.
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El movimiento comunista birmano y el fracaso de su utopía revolucionaria (1945-1975
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Daniel Gomá
2011-12-01
Full Text Available El período entre 1945 y 1975 cubre la época en que el Partido Comunista de Birmania (PCB soñó con hacerse con el poder en Rangún, primero mediante una revolución no violenta y más tarde con el recurso de la lucha armada. En sus inicios, la revuelta comunista llegó a amenazar la estabilidad del gobierno democrático de la Birmania independiente pero no logró derrocarlo. La falta de unidad interna entre los marxistas, la fuerte resistencia de los gobiernos de Rangún y la pérdida de apoyos sociales, entre otros factores, socavaron progresivamente el poder del PCB e impidieron cualquier posibilidad de triunfo comunista. A mediados de los setenta el PCB había dejado de ser una amenaza para el Estado birmano.
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Flanigan, Colleen A; Leung, Shu-Yin J; Rowe, Kirsten A; Levey, Wendy K; King, Andrea; Sommer, Jamie N; Morne, Johanne E; Zucker, Howard A
2017-09-29
Approximately 75% of all hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in the United States and 73% of HCV-associated mortality occur in persons born during 1945-1965, placing this birth cohort at increased risk for liver cancer and other HCV-related liver disease (1). In the United States, an estimated 2.7 million persons are living with HCV infection, and it is estimated that up to 75% of these persons do not know their status. Since 2012, CDC has recommended that persons born during 1945-1965 receive one-time HCV testing. To increase the number of persons tested for HCV and to ensure timely diagnosis and linkage to care, in 2014, New York enacted a hepatitis C testing law that requires health care providers to offer HCV antibody screening to all persons born during 1945-1965 who are receiving services in primary care settings or as hospital inpatients, and to refer persons with positive HCV antibody tests for follow-up health care, including an HCV diagnostic test (i.e., HCV RNA).* The New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) used survey data from clinical laboratories and Medicaid claims and encounter data, and state and New York City (NYC) HCV surveillance data to assess the number of persons tested for HCV and number of persons with newly diagnosed HCV infections who were linked to care. During the first year of the HCV law implementation, there was a 51% increase in specimens submitted for HCV testing to surveyed clinical laboratories; testing rates among active Medicaid clients increased 52%, and linkage to care among persons with newly diagnosed HCV infection increased approximately 40% in New York and 11% in NYC. These findings highlight the potential for state laws to promote HCV testing and the utility of HCV surveillance and Medicaid claims data to monitor the quality of HCV testing and linkage to care for HCV-infected persons.
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Mezinárodní aspekty potrestání válečných zločinců po roce 1945
Eichler, Jan
2009-01-01
74 Summary Legal Aspects of International Punishment for Committing War Crimes after 1945 The Second World War was a global military conflict which involved majority of the world's nations and which became with more than 60 million victims the largest, deadliest and most devastating conflict in human history. The causes of the war were constituted by the consequences of the Treaty of Versailles, which enhanced the feeling of humiliation in defeated countries, especially in Germany, and econom...
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Shelepov, A M; Ishutin, O S; Leonik, S I
2011-06-01
This article evaluates military and political situation in the world and operational-strategic environment on the West Theater of operations on the eve of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). We analyze structure and overall condition of sanitary service of West Special Military District of the Workers and Peasants Red Army and causes of failure of mobilization, organization and deployment of military units and establishments from the beginning of aggression of Fascist Germany to the Soviet Union.
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Rootsi kindral hõivaks sõja korral Eesti saared / Jukka Rislakki
Rislakki, Jukka
2011-01-01
Rootsi sõjateaduste akadeemia väljaandes "Till bröders hjälp. Med sikte på en svensk solidarisk strategi" arutlevad eksperdid, mida Rootsi ja Soome võiksid teha ja peaksid tegema, kui Venemaa ründab Balti riike
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Jensen, Niels Rosendal
2009-01-01
Anmeldelsen omhandler Andrés Brink Pintos doktorafhandling om normer omkring klasse, genus og seksualitet i den svenske kommunistiske bevægelse 1921-1939. Afhandlingen bygger teoretisk på Foucault og Butler, mens dens empiri stammer fra den kommunistiske ugepresse....
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Melan Yusuf Nomleni
2017-02-01
Full Text Available The amendment of Constitution has not met the the life of the nation’s demand, one of which is the of the tasks and authorities of the Vice President. This sparks multiple interpretations on the role and its legal implications toward the responsibility over the Vice President tasks and. The results show several reasons underlying obscurity of the tasks and authorities regulation of the Indonesian Vice President stated in 1945 Constitution, among which is the Indonesian governance. The obscure regulation of the Vice President tasks and authorities affects on his/her responsibility. Hence, the clear regulation related to the tasks and authorities of the Vice President as President Assistant in performing state governance is required. Keywords : Regulation, Vice President, Authorities
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Joel Outtes
2002-01-01
Este artículo observa la génesis de un discurso sobre urbanismo en Brasil y Argentina entre 1894 y 1945, utilizando las ideas de Foucault de disciplina y su concepto de "bio-poder". Se discute el patrón demográfico de las grandes ciudades en ambos países desde 1890 en adelante. Los planes propuestos para las mismas ciudades en los años ´20 y sus representaciones urbanas, son analizados así como las ideas de reforma social, el papel de la higiene para el urbanismo, y la relación entre el taylo...
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Céline Frémaux
2009-11-01
Full Text Available La seconde moitié du XXe siècle fut une période de mutation accélérée de l’architecture religieuse en France. L’inventaire des églises paroissiales reconstruites et construites dans la région Nord-Pas-de-Calais entre 1945 et 2000 en reflète les divers aspects. Le corpus de 183 églises servant de base à une thèse de doctorat révèle l’effort d’adaptation de l’Église aux mutations historiques, économiques et sociales de cette périodeThe second half of the 20th century was a time of tumultuous changes in French religious architecture. The survey of parish churches built in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region between 1945 and 2000 reflects all these changes. The corpus of 183 churches, on which a thesis has been based, reveals the church’s ability as an institution to adapt to the historical, economic and social changes of its time.
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A few words about Gilberto Velho (1945-2012
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Howard S. Becker
2012-07-01
Full Text Available O sociólogo americano Howard S. Becker, ao saber da morte, em todos os sentidos prematura, aos 66 anos, do antropólogo brasileiro Gilberto Velho, em 14 de abril de 2012, se disse emocionado e enviou à revista – de cujo Conselho Editorial ele é integrante e no qual Velho permanecerá in memorian – um pequeno texto, pararelembrar sua longa história com o colega que conheceu quando este foi fazer parte de seus estudos nos EUA e que ajudou a trazer sua obra para o Brasil. Preferimos manter as palavras de Becker no original, para preservar o caráter de emergência da homenagem ao velho amigo, dele e de todos na revista. Velho morreu em sua casa, enquanto dormia, em decorrência de problemas cardíacos. Gilberto Cardoso Alves Velho nasceu em 15 de maio de 1945, no Rio de Janeiro. Estudou ciências sociais no IFCS/UFRJ, graduando-se em 1968, e fez mestrado em uma das primeiras turmas do Museu Nacional (MN, também na UFRJ, concluído em 1970, produzindo uma dissertação que se tornaria seu livro mais conhecido, A utopia urbana. Aos EUA, foi logodepois, para uma especialização em antropologia das sociedades complexas, na University of Texas de Austin. Sua tese de doutorado foi defendida na universidade de São Paulo (USP em 1975. Tornou-se professor efetivo do MN em 1979, embora ministrasse cursos na casa desde 1963. Ao longo de toda a carreira, produziu váriostrabalhos importantes, ocupou vários cargos de destaque e ajudou a formar várias gerações de pesquisadores.Por meio de Becker, Dilemas presta aqui sua homenagem ao colega.
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Positive Image of the USSR and Soviet Characters in American Films in 1943–1945
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Alexander Fedorov
2014-10-01
Full Text Available In the article the author performs a hermeneutic analysis of cultural context, i.e. investigation of media texts interpretation, cultural and historical factors influencing the views of the agency / author of a media text and the audience, on specific examples of positive image of the USSR and soviet characters in American films in 1943-1945. The author bears in mind that the hermeneutic analysis of a media text comprehension involves a comparison with a historical, cultural tradition and reality; insight into its logic; comparison of media images in historical and cultural contexts combined with the historical, hermeneutical analyses of the structural, plot, ethical, ideological and iconographic / visual analyses of media stereotypes and media text characters. The analysis of these media texts, in the author's opinion, is especially important for media education of future historians, culture experts, art critics, social scientists, philologists, psychologists and teachers.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Liebow, A.A.
1983-01-01
The effects of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 are described. Immediately after the bombing, Japanese civilian and military authorities mobilized an intense effort to provide help to the damaged cities and their inhabitants. At the same time, research was undertaken by the Japanese in an attempt to determine the nature of the effects of the bombs on the population. Some weeks later, the American armed services and the Manhattan District also organized an investigation of these effects. This memoir describes the early days of the American research effort, its integration with the Japanese program, and the development of a Joint Commission to study the effects of the bombing. After the first rapid survey, described in this paper, the effort was reorganized and continued under the sponsorship of the National Research Councils of America and Japan as the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Lucía Rossi
2010-12-01
Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar los distintos diseños de fichas utilizadas en el área laboral en Argentina desde 1920 a 1945, que hasta ahora han sido relevadas en el curso de la investigación. Este estudio se incluye en un contexto de investigación mas amplio (UBACYT P046 que se propone explicitar las variaciones en el diseño y en el contenido de los protocolos como así también su sistematización de acuerdo a los sesgos preprofesionales (criminológico, clínico, educacional y laboral. Los distintos tipos de Historias Clínicas y de Fichas constituyen documentos escritos que registran el modo en que las prácticas fueron efectivamente llevadas a cabo y los distintos modos en que han sido pensados los criterios psicológicos. Dichas prácticas, a su vez, no son ajenas a las condiciones políticas y sociales que establecen un marco de posibilidad para los requerimientos institucionales (Rossi e Ibarra, 2008 a, b.The aim of this paper is to analyse the psychological criterions of the different sketchs of data cards used in the labor area in Argentina from 1920 to 1945, which were collected during the investigation. This study is included in a larger investigation (UBACyT P046 whose purpose is to determine the changes in the design and the content of protocols as well as their sistematization according to the pre-professional profiles (criminologic, clinical, educational and labor. The different types of Clinical Records and Data Cards are written documents that register the way in which practices were realized and the different ways of defining psychological criterions. At the same time, these practices are influenced by political and social conditions which establish a context for institutional requirements (Rossi and Ibarra, 2008 a, b.
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Kim, Eun Gyong
2011-01-01
This study examines the English language teaching (ELT) policies and measures taken under the United States Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK) from 1945 to 1948, in an attempt to illuminate their implications on the current ELT in Korea. The study analyzes data derived from documents of the Korean and the U.S. governments, literature on…
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Padrão de crescimento e sistema de transportes em Santa Catarina, 1880-1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Alcides Goularti Filho
2010-12-01
Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a formação econômica de Santa Catarina, 1880-1945, com base nos meios de transportes e nas vias de comunicação. O padrão de crescimento da economia catarinense nesse período era lento e pautado na pequena produção mercantil, em que cada microrregião se especializava numa atividade econômica. A combinação destes dois elementos desdobrou-se num sistema de transporte desintegrado. Além da introdução e de uma breve revisão historiográfica, o artigo está dividido em quatro tópicos: inicialmente discutiremos a formação econômica de Santa Catarina, destacando o padrão de crescimento, as principais atividades econômicas e as formações microrregionais; em seguida, será feito um panorama geral do fragmentado sistema de transporte em Santa Catarina, que são as ferrovias e a navegação fluvial; em terceiro lugar, será apresentado um breve esboço sobre o projeto da Rede Catarinense de Viação Férrea, e por último, será discutida a relação entre o padrão de crescimento e os transportes numa economia especializada e fragmentada.This article argues the economic formation of Santa Catarina, 1880 1945, the ways of transports and the way of communication. The standard of growth of the catarinense economy in this period was slow and based in the small mercantile production where each region was specialized in an economic activity. The combination of these two elements was unfolded in a system of disintegrated transport. Besides the introduction and a brief historiography review, the article is divided in four topics. Initially we will argue the economic formation of Santa Catarina, detaching the standard of growth, the main economic activities and the regional formations. After that, a general panorama of the broken up system of transport in Santa Catarina will be made: railroads and fluvial navigation. In third place, the text presents a brief sketch on the project of the Rede Catarinense
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rui Manuel Pinto Costa
2012-06-01
Full Text Available Focaliza a produção de investigação biomédica sobre o estudo do câncer em Portugal entre 1889 e 1945. Recuperando os principais trabalhos realizados entre finais do século XIX e a primeira metade do XX, foi possível trazer a lume e delimitar um campo de ação científica ainda pouco estudado. Desde a introdução e consolidação dos princípios que definiram a oncologia experimental, detectam-se fases distintas de produção científica, oscilando entre a comprovação de teorias dominantes e a aplicação de métodos de criação artificial da doença. Propõe-se breve sistematização da orientação dos estudos dedicados à oncologia, organizados em patamares de investigação predominantes.This article deals with the bio-medical investigation of cancer studies in Portugal between 1889 and 1945. By examining the main works produced between the end of the nineteenth century and the middle of the twentieth century, it has been possible to illuminate and define a field of scientific endeavour which has been the scope of little study to date. Starting from the introduction and consolidation of the defining principles of experimental oncology, distinct phases can be discerned in the production of scientific material, alternating between support for the dominant theories and the application of methods for artificially creating the disease. In accordance with the principal phases of investigation, a brief systematic overview of the scope of these oncological studies is presented.
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2010-10-01
... MARITIME SERVICES Operating Requirements and Procedures Shipboard General Purpose Watches § 80.146 [Reserved] ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 80.146 Section 80.146...
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Debating Sex: Education Films and Sexual Morality for the Young in Post-War Germany, 1945-1955.
Winkler, Anita
2015-01-01
After 1945 rapidly climbing figures of venereal disease infections menaced the health of the war-ridden German population. Physicians sought to gain control over this epidemic and initiated large-scale sex education campaigns to inform people about identification, causes and treatment of VD and advised them on appropriate moral sexual behaviour as a prophylactic measure. Film played a crucial role in these campaigns. As mass medium it was believed film could reach out to large parts of society and quickly disseminate sexual knowledge and moral codes of conduct amongst the population. This essay discusses the transition of the initial central role of sex education films in the fight against venereal disease in the immediate post-war years towards a more critical stance as to the effects of cinematographic education of the young in an East and West German context.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Pedro Barruso Barés
2005-12-01
Full Text Available The wave of repression suffered by the population of Guipúzcoa between 1936 and 1945 broke the peaceful coexistence in a region which had been noted for its political moderation during the Second Republic. Accordingly, this article seeks to examine the different types of violence perpetrated in the region, and to highlight the most salient features of each of these, including their geographical and social impact and quantitative significance. Likewise, in the light of new sources, little known occurrences such as the repression of the clergy and the purging of Secondary Education are revealed. | El proceso represivo experimentado por la sociedad guipuzcoana entre 1936 y 1945 supuso una ruptura de la convivencia en un espacio que se había caracterizado por su moderación política a lo largo de la II República. Por este motivo, en el texto, se trata de analizar los distintos tipos de violencia que se produjeron en el territorio tratando de poner de manifiesto las características de cada uno de ellos, su incidencia geográfica y social sin perder de vista el aspecto cuantitativo. Del mismo modo se ponen de manifiesto, a la luz de nuevas fuentes, procesos poco conocidos como el de la represión del clero guipuzcoano o la depuración de la Enseñanza Secundaria entre otros.
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Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Nosková, Jana
2014-01-01
Roč. 54, - (2014), 233-237 ISSN 0523-8587 Institutional support: RVO:68378076 Keywords : European cities * Cold War * 1945–1989 * urban history * urban anthropology Subject RIV: AC - Archeology, Anthropology, Ethnology
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2010-10-01
... MARITIME SERVICES Operating Requirements and Procedures Special Procedures-Ship Stations § 80.145 [Reserved] Shipboard General Purpose Watches ... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 80.145 Section 80.145...
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"Bessie done cut her old man": race, common-law marriage, and homicide in New Orleans, 1925-1945.
Adler, Jeffrey S
2010-01-01
This essay examines domestic homicide in early twentieth-century New Orleans. African-American residents killed their domestic partners at eight times the rate of white New Orleanians, and these homicides were most often committed by women, who killed their partners at fifteen times the rate of white women. Common-law marriages proved to be especially violent among African-American residents. Based on nearly two hundred cases identified in police records and other sources as partner killings between 1925 and 1945, this analysis compares lethal violence in legal marriages and in common-law unions. It also explores the social and institutional forces that buffeted common-law marriages, making this the most violent domestic arrangement and contributing to the remarkably high rate of spousal homicide by African-American women in early twentieth-century New Orleans.
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Twórczość grupy Zero-61 na tle działań intermedialnych w sztuce polskiej po roku 1945
Lechowicz, Lech
2017-01-01
Praca stanowi cykl publikacji. Na rozprawę składają się teksty opublikowane oraz przygotowywane do publikacji dotyczące problematyki intermedialności w sztuce polskiej po roku 1945. Centralnym przykładem tego typu zjawisk jest analiza działalności grupy Zero-61 (1961-1969) przedstawiona w publikacji książkowej. Pozostałe teksty uzupełniają tło historyczne działalności grupy, bieżące konteksty w sztuce lat sześćdziesiątych oraz zjawiska występujące w intermedialnych praktykach w dekadac...
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Andurand, R.
2009-01-01
In the previous chapters was exposed the saga of German scientists that worked for Soviet scientists from 1945 to 1961 and allowed these ones to make up for the delay in a record time they had on the American people. However, without the help of German scientists, that were at exceptional level they would succeed regardless but they would take the same time than the others ones to reach the same result. To be complete, one should, in this fourth chapter, precise how the Soviet people succeeded to recover the uranium from the nazi nuclear programme. (N.C.)
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長岡, 信治
1997-01-01
The welded and high-temperature- oxidized sandy sediments with many fragments of a collapsed and burnt house and bones are found near the hypocenter of the Nagasaki atomic bombing. The strong destruction and the rapid melt of roof tiles, glass and metal indicate that the blast with shock wave and thermic ray of more than 1,800°C attacked the ground and the houses including some persons. The sediments are probably effected proximally by the atomic bombing at 11:02 a. m., August 9, 1945.
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[The Jewish Hospital in Budapest under the Nazi occupation (1944-1945)].
Weisskopf, Varda
2008-01-01
On March 19, 1944 the German army invaded and occupied Hungary. The Waffen-SS soldiers captured the buildings of the Jewish community in Budapest, including the famous and important Jewish hospital on Szabolcs Street, founded in 1802. The Jewish hospital moved into a school belonging to the Jewish community on 44 Wesselényi Street. The hospital personnel managed to smuggle out medical equipment, and operating rooms were transferred into this central, temporary medical location. Other hospitals were founded, some inside the ghetto, others outside. The Judenrat supplied these hospitals with medical equipment obtained through contributions from Jews. The temporary hospitals admitted sick patients and a great number of those injured as a result of the war in Budapest. These hospitals operated with poor equipment. Surgeries were sometimes performed on kitchen tables, and medical equipment was sterilized by burning the synagogue's benches and library books. As of December 1944, there was no electricity in the hospitals. Thus doctors were forced to operate by the light of candles and flashlights. Nevertheless, they managed to save numerous lives. In spite of the terrible conditions under which the medical staff worked, they were committed to their mission, and their courage deserves appreciation. Ghetto Budapest was liberated by the Red army on 18th January, 1945. Thousands of Jews were released from the temporary hospitals.
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Richards, Graham
2009-08-01
The author hypothesizes that the British psychological climate following World War II, from 1945 to approximately 1960, created the conditions for an unusually frank, honest, and collaborative debate on matters related to religion and spirituality generally as well as broader social and political issues. The author first sketches the nature of this climate, before looking more specifically at the interrelationships among religion, psychotherapy and, very briefly, politics during this period. Suggestions regarding the dissipation of this phase after 1960 are examined. The final section considers some qualifications to the case previously outlined and identifies issues and questions that the author feels need addressing further.
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Amendment 80 Program was adopted by the North Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council) in June 2006. The final rule implementing Amendment 80 published in...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hanf, R.W.; Dirkes, R.L.; Duncan, J.P.
1992-07-01
The objective of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project (HEDR) is to estimate the potential radiation doses received by people living within the sphere of influence of the Hanford Site. A potential critical pathway for human radiation exposure is through the consumption of waterfowl that frequent onsite waste-water ponds or through eating of fish, shellfish, and waterfowl that reside in/on the Columbia River and its tributaries downstream of the reactors. This document summarizes information on fish, shellfish, and waterfowl radiation contamination for samples collected by Hanford monitoring personnel and offsite agencies for the period 1945 to 1972. Specific information includes the types of organisms sampled, the kinds of tissues and organs analyzed, the sampling locations, and the radionuclides reported. Some tissue concentrations are also included. We anticipate that these yearly summaries will be helpful to individuals and organizations interested in evaluating aquatic pathway information for locations impacted by Hanford operations and will be useful for planning the direction of future HEDR studies.
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[Work organization of the Civic Hospital in Split during the Second World War (1941-1945)].
Brisky, Livia
2011-01-01
In the first half of the 20th century, Civic Hospital in Split intensified its formation towards health institution in the modern sense. The need for competent physicians and specialized experts, heads of the individual hospital departments, also became in Split Hospital the part of the global process of disintegration of medicine into the direction of medical specializations. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of the Civic Hospital in Split during the Second World War on the basis of the archival sources preserved in the State Archives in Split. The work organization, the names of the physicians and detailed arrangements of hospital beds were presented, as well as the increase of its capacity during analyzed period.Great attention was also dedicated to the foundation of new hospital departments. This study revealed the development of the Civic Hospital in Split between 1941 and 1945 which could offer complete medical care to the sick and wounded persons.
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American cinema and the construction of masculinity in film in the Federal Republic after 1945.
Leal, Joanne
2012-01-01
Since 1945, film in the Federal Republic has maintained an ambivalent relationship to American cinema and its embedded ideologies and nowhere is this more evident than in (West) German film's representations of masculinity. This article focuses on three historical moments when political and social shifts resulted in a problematising of male identities in the Federal Republic: the mid-1950s, the early 1970s and the late 1990s. Cinema responded to a perceived destabilisation of gender norms by exploring constructions of German masculinity in relation to the ambivalently received models of male identity offered by American cinema. With a detailed analysis of three specific examples – Georg Tressler's Die Halbstarken (1956), Rainer Werner Fassbinder's Der amerikanische Soldat (1970) and Fatih Akin's Kurz und schmerzlos (1998) – this article investigates the manner in which German cinema engages with these competing conceptions of masculinity and demonstrates the ways in which divergent understandings of gender identity can impact on representations of national and ethnic identity.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hanf, R.W.; Dirkes, R.L.; Duncan, J.P.
1992-07-01
The objective of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project (HEDR) is to estimate the potential radiation doses received by people living within the sphere of influence of the Hanford Site. A potential critical pathway for human radiation exposure is through the consumption of waterfowl that frequent onsite waste-water ponds or through eating of fish, shellfish, and waterfowl that reside in/on the Columbia River and its tributaries downstream of the reactors. This document summarizes information on fish, shellfish, and waterfowl radiation contamination for samples collected by Hanford monitoring personnel and offsite agencies for the period 1945 to 1972. Specific information includes the types of organisms sampled, the kinds of tissues and organs analyzed, the sampling locations, and the radionuclides reported. Some tissue concentrations are also included. We anticipate that these yearly summaries will be helpful to individuals and organizations interested in evaluating aquatic pathway information for locations impacted by Hanford operations and will be useful for planning the direction of future HEDR studies
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2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Publications. 80.415 Section 80.415... MARITIME SERVICES Station Documents § 80.415 Publications. (a) The following publications listed in the.... These publications may be purchased from: International Telecommunication Union, General Secretariat...
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常見, 耕平
1997-01-01
本稿は、戦後独自の発展を遂げた小型三輪自動車産業の1945年から1957年までの13年間の競争についての研究である。市場に製品を送り込む力、すなわち「製品供給力」の差が、市場での競争優位を生み出したという視点から、この競争を検討した。まず、競争のキーファクターとしての「製品供給力」について考察し、次いで三輪自動車産業での競争と市場の変化をみた。その上で、ダイハツと東洋工業の２社間での競争を中心に、先行する２社が、いかにして製品供給力での競争上の優位を獲得したかを、生産能力の拡充と全国での販売網の形成を軸に検討した。さらに、追走する各社の努力とその限界を通して、この基礎能力の獲得と維持がどれほど困難であるか、また、競争優位にある企業を追撃するために必要な条件についても検討した。This is a study of the competition in the Japanese Three-wheeled Automobile Industry ﾐ 1945-1957.The purpose of this study is to show that the ability to ...
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Las facciones del Liberalismo en Cartagena: rivalidades y conflictos por el poder, 1930-1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Muriel Vanegas Beltrán
2012-01-01
Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como propósito central analizar, a través de las causas, acciones e intereses de las facciones del liberalismo en Cartagena, las circunstancias nacionales y locales que incidieron en las profundas divisiones que presentó el partido liberal en esta ciudad, entre 1930 y 1945. Se demuestra que los enfrentamientos políticos, las confrontaciones y rivalidades que las facciones presentaron, son el producto de los diversos intereses de los líderes liberales locales, así como de sus disputas internas por el acceso y control del poder. Pese al despertar de tendencias sociales reformadoras y revolucionarias características de la República Liberal, la polarización del liberalismo alrededor de los líderes políticos locales impidió la construcción de un proyecto político común. En consecuencia, el resultado es la muestra del panorama de conflictividad y rivalidad imperante, justamente en el contexto histórico que buscaba erigir a Colombia sobre un Estado moderno.
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České kořeny bulharské sorabistiky
Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Černý, Marcel
2010-01-01
Roč. 57, č. 1 (2010), s. 61-80 ISSN 0943-2787 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z90920516 Keywords : Czech Sorbian studies * Bulgarian Slavonic studies * 1907–1945 * literary influences Subject RIV: AJ - Letters, Mass-media, Audiovision
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hart, R.S.
1998-01-01
AECL has completed the conceptual design of a small CANDU plant with an output, in the range of 300 MWth (called the CANDU 80), suitable for a variety of electrical and co-generation applications including desalination, oil sands oil extraction and processing, and the provision of electricity and heat to areas with low demand. This paper provides a brief overview of the CANDU 80, and discusses key features contributing to safety and operational margins
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PROPER MOTIONS OF THE OUTER KNOTS OF THE HH 80/81/80N RADIO-JET
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Masqué, Josep M.; Rodriguez, Luis F.; Carrasco-González, Carlos [Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia 58089, México (Mexico); Araudo, Anabella [University of Oxford, Astrophysics, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH (United Kingdom); Estalella, Robert [Departament d’Astronomia i Meteorologia and Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (IEEC-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalunya (Spain); Anglada, Guillem; Osorio, Mayra [Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), Apartado 3004, E-18080 Granada (Spain); Girart, Josep M. [Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, S/N, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya (Spain)
2015-11-20
The radio-knots of the Herbig–Haro (HH) 80/81/80N jet extend from the HH 80 object to the recently discovered Source 34 and has a total projected jet size of 10.3 pc, constituting the largest collimated radio-jet system known so far. It is powered by the bright infrared source IRAS 18162−2048 associated with a massive young stellar object. We report 6 cm JVLA observations that, compared with previous 6 cm VLA observations carried out in 1989, allow us to derive proper motions of the HH 80, HH 81, and HH 80N radio knots located about 2.5 pc away in projection from the powering source. For the first time, we measure proper motions of the optically obscured HH 80N object providing evidence that this knot, along with HH 81 and HH 80 are associated with the same radio-jet. We also confirm the presence of Source 34, located further north of HH 80N, previously proposed to belong to the jet.We derived that the tangential velocity of HH 80N is 260 km s{sup −1} and has a direction in agreement with the expected direction of a ballistic precessing jet. The HH 80 and HH 81 objects have tangential velocities of 350 and 220 km s{sup −1}, respectively, but their directions are somewhat deviated from the expected jet path. The velocities of the HH objects studied in this work are significantly lower than those derived for the radio knots of the jet close to the powering source (600–1400 km s{sup −1}) suggesting that the jet is slowing down due to a strong interaction with the ambient medium. As a result, since HH 80 and HH 81 are located near the edge of the cloud, the inhomogeneous and low density medium may contribute to skew the direction of their determined proper motions. The HH 80 and HH 80N emission at 6 cm is, at least in part, probably synchrotron radiation produced by relativistic electrons in a magnetic field of 1 mG. If these electrons are accelerated in a reverse adiabatic shock, we estimate a jet total density of ≲1000 cm{sup −3}. All of these
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Agus Riwanto
2017-11-01
Full Text Available Konsep negara dalam praktik ketatanegaraan menurut konstruksi konstitusi terbagi dalam dua kutub yang berlawanan, yaitu negara kesejahteraan (welfare state dan negara liberal (liberal state. Keduanya berbeda, yang pertama menuntut fungsi negara yang kuat dan luas dalam mengatur keadilan ekonomi, sedang yang kedua sebaliknya mempercayakan pada pasar bebas dalam perekonomian, sehingga fungsi negara harus dipinggirkan. Berdasarkan metode penelitian yuridis-sosiologis (socio-legal sesuai Pasal 33 UUD 1945 Pasca amandemen Indonesia menganut konsep negara kesejahteraan. Namun secara sosiologis dalam praktiknya berkecenderungan menganut negara liberal yang tak menyejahterakan rakyat. Tantangan negara kesejahteraan Indonesia adalah negara liberal yang melahirkan sistem ekonomi kapitalis. Pilihan yang tersedia untuk melawan sistem ekonomi kapitalis adalah dengan melakukan aneka usaha politik hukum (legal policy, yakni: Pertama, memfungsikan kembali peran fungsi negara dalam pengaturan dan pengendalian ekonomi. Kedua, memperbesar penghasilan negara melalui pajak dan diimbangi dengan belanja sosial yang tinggi untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan sosial dan keadilan ekonomi. According to the constitution, the state concept in constitutional practice can be divided into two opposite poles, namely welfare and liberal state. They have different characteristics in which the first concept (welfare state requires a strong and extensive state functions to regulate an economic justice, on the contrary the second concept (liberal state relies on the free market economy which state’s role should be marginalized. Sosio-legal research is used in this article. Based on the Article 33 of Indonesian post constitutional amendment of 1945, Indonesia embraced the concept of welfare state. Yet, the practice sociologically tends to embrace a liberal state that is not suitable with the welfare of the people. There are challenges, in the context of liberal state, faced by Indonesia
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As guerras frias do Cone Sul: Argentina, Brasil, Chile e Uruguai (1945-1952
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ernesto Bohoslavsky
2014-12-01
Full Text Available Este artigo mostra como alguns jornais e partidos políticos liberal- -progressistas (no governo ou na oposição processaram os eventos vinculados ao final da segunda guerra mundial e o começo da guerra fria na Argentina, Brasil, Chile e Uruguai. Tenta-se sinalar que esses atores aproveitaram alguns elementos ideológicos transnacionais (como o antifascismo ou o anticomunismo para interpretar a realidade política local, para consolidar certa autoimagem nacional e para descrever aos seus adversários políticos. A diversidade de representações do inimigo que tiveram os grupos liberais dos quatro países entre 1945 e 1952 foi gerada por, ao menos, três variáveis: a a posição do governo e os principais atores políticos frente à guerra (neutralidade x participação; proliados x pro-Eixo, b a natureza do regime político vigente (democracia x ditadura;c as tradições ideológicas presentes durante os anos do conflito bélico e seu poder político e eleitoral.
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2010-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Introduction. 34.80 Section 34.80 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT FUEL VENTING AND... Emissions (Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines) § 34.80 Introduction. Except as provided under § 34.5, the...
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2010-01-01
... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reports. 1230.80 Section 1230.80 Agriculture... CONSUMER INFORMATION Pork Promotion, Research, and Consumer Information Order Reports, Books, and Records § 1230.80 Reports. Each person responsible for collecting or remitting any assessment under § 1230.71(b...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Andurand, R
2009-07-15
In the previous chapters was exposed the saga of German scientists that worked for Soviet scientists from 1945 to 1961 and allowed these ones to make up for the delay in a record time they had on the American people. However, without the help of German scientists, that were at exceptional level they would succeed regardless but they would take the same time than the others ones to reach the same result. To be complete, one should, in this fourth chapter, precise how the Soviet people succeeded to recover the uranium from the nazi nuclear programme. (N.C.)
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Olsen, Geary W; Andres, Kara L; Johnson, Rebecca A; Buehrer, Betsy D; Holen, Brian M; Morey, Sandy Z; Logan, Perry W; Hewett, Paul
2012-01-01
The mortality of 2650 employees (93.4% males) in the mine and mill production of roofing granules at four plants was examined between 1945 and 2004. Hypotheses focused on diseases associated with exposure to silica: nonmalignant respiratory disease, lung cancer, and nonmalignant renal disease. Study eligibility required ≥ 1 year of employment by 2000. Work history and vital status were followed through 2004 with < 1% lost to follow-up. Industrial hygiene sampling data (1871 sampling measurements over a 32-year period) and professional judgment were used to construct 15 respirable crystalline silica exposure categories. A category was assigned to all plant-, department-, and time-dependent standard job titles. Cumulative respirable crystalline silica exposure (mg/m(3)-years) was calculated as the sum of the product of time spent and the average exposure for each plant-, department-, job-, and calendar-year combination. The cohort geometric mean was 0.17 mg/m(3)-years (geometric standard deviation 4.01) and differed by plant. Expected deaths were calculated using U.S. (entire cohort) and regional (each plant) mortality rates. Poisson regression was used for internal comparisons. For the entire cohort, 772 deaths (97.4% males) were identified (standardized mortality ratio 0.95, 95% CI 0.88-1.02). There were 50 deaths from nonmalignant respiratory diseases (1.14, 95% CI 0.85-1.51). Lagging exposure 15 years among the male cohort, the relative risks for nonmalignant respiratory disease were 1.00 (reference), 0.80, 1.94, and 2.03 (p value trend = 0.03) when cumulative exposure was categorized < 0.1, 0.1- < 0.5, 0.5- < 1.0, and ≥ 1.0 mg/m(3)-years, respectively. There was a total of 77 lung cancer deaths (1.11, 95% CI 0.88-1.39). Lagging exposure 15 years, the relative risks for males were 1.00 (reference), 1.83, 1.83, and 1.05 (p value trend = 0.9). There were 16 deaths from nonmalignant renal disease (1.76, 95% CI 1.01-2.86). This exposure-response trend was
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2010-04-01
... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Exports. 4.80 Section 4.80 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS LABELING AND ADVERTISING OF WINE General Provisions § 4.80 Exports. The regulations in...
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Groth, Sanne Krogh
2013-01-01
Med sine kun 4 år bag sig er Sound of Stockholm relativt ny i det internationale festival-landskab. Festivalen er efter sigende udsprunget af en større eller mindre frustration over, at den svenske eksperimentelle musikscenes forskellige foreninger og organisationer gik hinanden bedene, og...
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Nielsen, Kirsten
2009-01-01
I anmeldelsen fremhæver jeg, at Selander i denne artikelsamling både beskæftiger sig med salmeteksterne og med melodierne. Denne dobbeltkompetence er usædvanlig hos en litteraturforsker. Artiklerne giver et fint indblik i svensk salmetradition samt i komponisternes arbejde med melodierne. Selande...
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Johannsen, Carl Gustav
2010-01-01
På grundlag af Carl Gustav Johannsens bog "Firmabiblioteker i Danmark 1945-2007" beskriver artiklen, hvordan danske firmabibliotekers historie peger på et lavt konfliktniveau i forhold til forskningsbibliotekerne. Til gengæld rivaliserede forskningsbibliotekerne med folkebibliotekerne i slut-80'e...
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Branschpraxis juridiska betydelse i svensk redovisning
Dahlberg, Ulf
2005-01-01
Redovisningsrätten är ett rättsområde som av tradition tillmäter sedvanerätten, där ibland branschspecifik praxis, stor betydelse som rättskälla. I takt med att redovisningen blivit mer detaljstyrd i lag, samtidigt som antalet redovisningsrekommendationer från normgivande organ som BFN och RR tenderar att tillmätas en allt större betydelse som rättskälla, råder dock osäkerhet om vilken betydelse branschspecifik praxis skall tillmätas som rättskälla. Detta är framförallt svårt att avgöra efter...
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Vold, svensk uro og Henning Mankell
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Hansen, Kim Toft
Paperet undersøger den fiktionelle repræsentation af vold hos Henning Mankell med fokus på Innan frosten fra 2002 og filmatiseringen heraf fra 2005, men med fyldige udblik til såvel andre af Mankells fortællinger og ikke mindst sociologiske og filosofiske diskussioner af volden, voldens forstyrre......Paperet undersøger den fiktionelle repræsentation af vold hos Henning Mankell med fokus på Innan frosten fra 2002 og filmatiseringen heraf fra 2005, men med fyldige udblik til såvel andre af Mankells fortællinger og ikke mindst sociologiske og filosofiske diskussioner af volden, voldens...
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Development of the Japanese reference man model for age-specific phantoms
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kawamura, H.
2012-01-01
Recent interest in improving methods for calculating radiation doses to atomic bomb survivors necessitates reinforcing the data on masses of organs of the Japanese population in 1945, including those that are not calculated by DS02, as well as increasing the number of phantoms for different ages. Reference is made to published data on the masses of organs in normal Japanese subjects of 0-90 y of age with more than 5000 samples during 1970-80, as well as the weight and size of the total body. The first Japanese Reference Man model, primarily based on these data and following the ICRP Reference Man concept, is briefly explained. It provides a set of reference values for males and females of six age groups, i.e. 3 months, 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20-50 y. To consider the organ masses of the Japanese population in 1945, the data during the period 1970-80 are compared with the literature data of normal Japanese reported in 1952. Differences between the two sets of organ data in adults are discussed in relation to changes in the national status of nutrition. Additional organ masses of current interest for the Japanese population in 1945 are preliminarily considered. (author)
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mariana Clavero
2010-01-01
Full Text Available Este artículo presenta el impacto y las consecuencias del viaje de san Alberto Hurtado a los Estados Unidos en el año 1945. El acceso a nuevos documentos ha permitido iluminar de mejor manera los motivos del viaje: luego de su renuncia a la Acción Católica, es becado por Mons. Edwin O'Hara para ir a estudiar por un año a la Escuela de Trabajo Social de la Universidad Católica de Washington. El viaje le permite, además, tomar contacto con diversas obras sociales de la Iglesia de EE. UU y de Canadá, profundizar su estudio en la doctrina social de la Iglesia y sus aplicaciones prácticas, y proyectar dos de sus obras sociales más conocidas: el Hogar de Cristo y la ASICH. Finalmente, el contacto con uno de los países más desarrollados del mundo, le inspira en su ministerio sacerdotal a predicar que «la materia no basta» y la centralidad de «la visión de fe».This article shows the impact and the consequences of St. Alberto Hurta-do's trip to the United States in 1945. Access to new documents has shed further light on the reasons for the trip: after he renounced the Catholic Action, Mons. Edwin OHara gives him a scholarship to study at the Catholic University School of Social Work in Washington. The trip also allows him to get involved in several social works of the U.S. and Canadian Church, deepen his study of the Church's social doctrine and its practical applications, and plan two of his best-known social works: Hogar de Cristo and ASICH. Finally, contact with one of the world's most developed countries inspires him in his priestly ministry to preach that «what is material is not enough» and the centrality of the «vision of faith».
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mart, E.I.; Denham, D.H.; Thiede, M.E.
1993-12-01
This report is a result of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project whose goal is to estimate the radiation dose that individuals could have received from emissions since 1944 at the U.S. Department of Energy`s (DOE) Hanford Site near Richland, Washington. The HEDR Project is conducted by Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories (BNW). One of the radionuclides emitted that would affect the radiation dose was iodine-131. This report describes in detail the reconstructed conversion and correction factors for historical measurements of iodine-131 in Hanford-area vegetation which was collected from the beginning of October 1945 through the end of December 1947.
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"Estudio estadístico del auge y declive de la Gran Logia de Cuba durante el periodo de 1945 a 1980"
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jorge Luis Romeu
2011-01-01
Full Text Available Presentamos un análisis estadístico e histórico del auge y declive de los masones cubanos durante el periodo 1945- 1980, basado en nuestro estudio demográfico de esta institución. Nuestro trabajo identifica, y evalúa cuantitativamente, importantes factores que han contribuido, primero al crecimiento, y luego a declive de su membresía, en los primeros 30 años de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. A la vez, el trabajo introduce el uso de nuevas herramientas de análisis, utilizadas exitosamente en otras áreas de las humanidades y de las ciencias sociales.
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L’Allemagne : un non – lieu pour les exiles judéo-allemands après 1945 ?
Bohnekamp, Dorothea
2017-01-01
L’omniprésence de l’Allemagne dans les productions littéraires des exilés judéo-allemands en France après 1945 pose tout d’abord la question des différentes représentations de ce pays chez les rescapés. Le nombre important de métaphores spatiales interroge plus particulièrement le rôle de l’espace, matériel/urbain ou symbolique, dans la mémoire des émigrants et dans la reconstruction d’une Heimat souvent imaginaire. Après la guerre, cet attachement souvent ambivalent à l’Allemagne comme patri...
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Eesti rootslased Göteborgi raamatumessil "Bok & Bibliotek" / Aino Siebert, Georg von Stackelberg
Siebert, Aino
2007-01-01
rets. rmt.: "Runö" historien om svenskön i Rigabukten" / koostaja Jörgen Hedman. "Estlandsvenskarna som kom till Roslagen" / koostaja Kristina Rosen. "Berättelser från Nargö" - "Naisaare Lood" / koostaja Margit Rosen Norlin. "Kärslätt min by" / koostaja Sven Svärd
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Hjulmand, Lise-Lotte; Johansson, Christer
2004-01-01
BASE - Engelsk basisgrammatik er resultatet af Lise-Lotte Hjulmands grundige bearbejdning og omfattende revidering af Christer Johanssons Engelska basgrammatik. Grammatikken adskiller sig fra det svenske forlæg på en lang række punkter. Den er bl.a. tilpasset til et dansk publikum og det danske...
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[A brief history of time: 1945-2008--studies, manuscripts, and publications].
Matsumoto, Tadahiko
2009-01-01
I (the author), Tadahiko Matsumoto, who is a winner of the 2008 Japanese Society for Medical Mycology (JSMM) Award, was born in 1945 and graduated in 1969 from Kyushu University in Fukuoka, Japan with an M.D. degree. At the Department of Dermatology, Kyushu University I studied dermatology and medical mycology. In Tokyo (1970-1971) at the Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Hygienic Sciences I learned general mycology. During the period from 1981 to 1983 I further studied medical mycology at the Division of Mycotic Diseases (Director: Dr. Libero Ajello), Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia in the United States. During the period from 1991 to 2005 while working as Director of Dermatology of Toshiba Hospital in Tokyo I was affiliated with several medical schools as a clinical and adjunct professor. Being a unique physician-scientist eager to publish my manuscripts in highly-regarded mycology journals, my studies were accurately reported as to description, taxonomy, and identification. My articles were published in journals carefully chosen for my purposes. As I became better known, I was frequently invited to contribute review articles in leading journals and chapters in authoritative textbooks of dermatology, infectious diseases, and microbiology. I was also invited to be a member and/or chairperson of various symposia in international congresses and one of the lecturers in seminars. I have established many friendly personal relationships among scientists, and we are always ready to help each other whenever necessary.
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Images of the Second World War in Austrian Literature after 1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Karl Müller
2007-01-01
Full Text Available The author examines selected examples of post-1945 Austrian literature, asking what pictures of the Second World War they imparted and what role they played when, certainly from 1948 on, a certain image of history began to take shape in Austria against the background of the Cold War. This image involved a fade-out in particular of the racist nature of the war, and it had a collectively exonerating and distorting impact. Attention is paid to the stories and novels of former participants in the war and National Socialists, such as, for example, Erich Landgrebe, Erich Kern, Hans Gustl Kernmayr, Kurt Ziesel. A contrast is seen in the anti-war novel, Letzte Ausfahrt (Last Exit (1952 by the former soldier Herbert Zand, who turns against the dominant image of history, as well as in Ingeborg Bachmann's use of war memories as a topic. The texts are read as a reservoir of selective memory: on the one hand they are critical, individual counter-memories and on the other hand, they make a positive contribution to the formation of the aforesaid collective image. One may say that a war of perception was fought around the Second World War; it was undoubtedly won in the immediate post-war years by those literary works that legitimized or at least trivialized the war. The critical voices of Herbert Zand, Gerhard Fritsch, and Ingeborg Bachmann were unfortunately the quieter ones and were not particularly successful in their time.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Thomas Müller
2016-12-01
Full Text Available Object of this article is the destiny of psychiatric inmates in Wuerttemberg asylums, 1940-1945. These patients from Italian regions of Vicenza, Udine, Trento, Alto Adige and various locations more were delegated and, to a substantial number, illegally deported to the German asylums Zwiefalten, Schussenried and Weissenau, all in South Wuerttemberg, in 1940 and 1943. Attention is focused on the pioneering state pre-negotiations, and the so-called option treaties between the German Reich and Fascist Italy as part of the general aspect of National Socialist bio-Politics. The treatment of these South Tyrol patients in the asylums themselves, as well as their fate will be put into the context of the resettlement actions at the margins of the Third Reich, which started in 1939 and widely affected the European continent. It is referred to other sub-groups of migrating population from Italy to the German Reich as well, as a contrasting aspect of this contribution
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Physical changes in MX-80 bentonite saturated under thermal gradient
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Villar, Maria Victoria; Gomez-Espina, Roberto; Gutierrez-Nebot, Luis; Campos, Rocio; Barrios, Iciar
2012-01-01
Document available in extended abstract form only. This study was developed in the framework of the Temperature Buffer Test (TBT project), which was a full-scale test for HLW disposal that aimed at improving the understanding of the thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) behaviour of buffers with a temperature around and above 100 deg. C during the water saturation transient. The French organisation ANDRA run this test at the Aespoe HRL in cooperation with SKB (Svensk Kaernbraenslehantering AB 2005). To simulate the conditions of the field test in the laboratory, 20-cm high columns of MX80 bentonite compacted at dry density 1.70 g/cm 3 with an initial water content of 16 percent were submitted in thermo-hydraulic cells to heating and hydration by opposite ends for different periods of time (TH test). The temperature at the bottom of the columns was set at 140 deg. C and on top at 30 C, and deionised water was injected on top at a pressure of 0.01 MPa. The tests were running for 337, 496 and 1510 days. Upon dismantling water content, dry density, specific surface area, porosity and basal spacings, among others, were determined in different positions along the bentonite columns. The strong gradients developed are remarkable. In the shorter tests the water content decreased below the initial value in the 7 cm closest to the heater, whereas in the longer test the decrease below the initial value took place only in the 5 cm closest to the heater. In the remaining part of the columns the water content increased with respect to the initial value, particularly so in the longest test. The dry density along the bentonite changed accordingly, decreasing in the hydrated areas below the initial value and increasing near the heater. The decrease in dry density is due to the swelling of the bentonite upon saturation, while the dry density increase results from the combination of two processes: the compression of the dry areas exerted by the hydrated bentonite, and the shrinkage due to the
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Richani, N.
1983-01-01
This thesis attempts to demonstrate the evolutionary character of American nuclear doctrine from the beginning of the nuclear age in 1945 until 1980. It also aims at disclosing some of the most important factors that contributed to the doctrine's evolution, namely, technological progress and developments in weaponry and the shifts that were taking place in the correlation of forces between the two superpowers, the Soviet Union and the United States. The thesis tries to establish the relation, if any, between these two variables (technology and balance of forces) and the evolution of the doctrine from Massive Retaliation to limited nuclear war. There are certainly many other factors which influenced military doctrine, but this thesis focuses on the above mentioned factors. touching on others when it was thought essential.The thesis concludes by trying to answer the question of whether the purpose of the limited nuclear war doctrine is to keep the initiative in US hands, that is putting itself on the side with the positive purpose, or not. Refs
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Richani, N [Public Administration Dpt. American Univ. of Beirut (Lebanon)
1983-12-31
This thesis attempts to demonstrate the evolutionary character of American nuclear doctrine from the beginning of the nuclear age in 1945 until 1980. It also aims at disclosing some of the most important factors that contributed to the doctrine`s evolution, namely, technological progress and developments in weaponry and the shifts that were taking place in the correlation of forces between the two superpowers, the Soviet Union and the United States. The thesis tries to establish the relation, if any, between these two variables (technology and balance of forces) and the evolution of the doctrine from Massive Retaliation to limited nuclear war. There are certainly many other factors which influenced military doctrine, but this thesis focuses on the above mentioned factors. touching on others when it was thought essential.The thesis concludes by trying to answer the question of whether the purpose of the limited nuclear war doctrine is to keep the initiative in US hands, that is putting itself on the side with the positive purpose, or not. Refs.
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Tungmetaller i korn Undersøkelser av prøver dyrket før 1945 sammenlignet med prøver fra 197 6
Selmer-Olsen, A. R.
1986-01-01
Hvete, havre og bygg fra 1930, 1931 og 1943 er analysert på en del tungmetaller og resultatene er sammenlignet med korn dyrket i 1976. Materialet er altfor spinkelt til å trekke noen konklusjon, men antydningsvis kan det se ut som om tungmetallnivået i hvete og bygg ikke er høyere nå enn det var før 1945. Innholdet i havre derimot kan se ut som om det har øket litt. Generelt kan det se ut som om havre har et litt høyere nivå enn de andre.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tadeja Zupančič Strojan
2002-01-01
Full Text Available “Degraded” housing areas represent a 9% share of urbanised surfaces of thirty-five in planning terms recently researched Slovenian towns. Above all social housing estates built between 1945 and 1965 present issues since they are isolated, poorly maintained, and cannot reach modern standards. The research contemplates the redirecting of the present abstract planning rationales to the real architectural, user level. Further intentions of the research are to consolidate ideas about the urgency of renewal as the only possible method of solving problems of a certain pattern of building, to determine criteria and measures for renewal and to determine rational or real directions for concrete contributions for the improvement of the standard of living, in short, to a new shift in living culture discussed settlement pattern.
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$^{80}$Br $^{80}$Br-a new electron-gamma PAC probe
Correia, J G; Araújo, J P; Marques, J G; Soares, J C; Melo, A A
2001-01-01
Conversion electron-gamma PAC measurements of the 49-37 keV cascade in /sup 80/Br through the intermediate 2/sup -/ state with T/sub 1/2 /=7.4 ns were performed with a system of two magnetic lens spectrometers and two BaF/sub 2/ scintillation detectors. The parent /sup 80m/Br activity with a halflife of 4.4 hrs was implanted into Ni, Zn and graphite at the ISOLDE separator at CERN. The observed interaction frequency in the nickel matrix is in good agreement with the known value of the hyperfine field for Br in Ni and the magnetic moment of the 2/sup -/ state. From the measured quadrupole interaction in Zn and graphite the electric field gradients at Br were obtained. (7 refs).
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47 CFR 80.1081 - Functional requirements.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Functional requirements. 80.1081 Section 80... STATIONS IN THE MARITIME SERVICES Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) Equipment Requirements for Ship Stations § 80.1081 Functional requirements. Ships, while at sea, must be capable: (a) Except...
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49 CFR 80.7 - Application process.
2010-10-01
... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application process. 80.7 Section 80.7 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation CREDIT ASSISTANCE FOR SURFACE TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS § 80.7 Application process. (a) Public and private applicants for credit assistance under this part...
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Analyzing Mathematics Teachers? Classroom Communication
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ejersbo, Lisser Rye
2004-01-01
In: Matematik og Sprog, edited by Svensk forening for matematikdidaktisk forskning. MADIF4, Malmö Högskola. 2004 Kort beskrivelse Man kan ikke overvurdere vigtigheden af formidling af matematisk læring og tænkning. Når matematiklæreren arbejder med problemløsning i matematiktimen, så er det vigti...
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Schmidt, Michael Kallesøe
det teoretiske grundlag for begrebet forfatterpoetik, og Monika Fluderniks retorisk funderede genremodel præsenteres. Herefter følger en håndfuld nedslag i en række danske og svenske poetikafhandlinger fra første halvdel af det 20. århundrede. Dermed opridses et lille udsnit af den lokale akademiske...
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47 CFR 80.215 - Transmitter power.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Transmitter power. 80.215 Section 80.215... MARITIME SERVICES General Technical Standards § 80.215 Transmitter power. (a) Transmitter power shown on the radio station authorization is the maximum power the licensee is authorized to use. Power is...
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47 CFR 80.1015 - Power supply.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Power supply. 80.1015 Section 80.1015... MARITIME SERVICES Radiotelephone Installations Required by the Bridge-to-Bridge Act § 80.1015 Power supply. (a) There must be readily available for use under normal load conditions, a power supply sufficient...
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47 CFR 80.925 - Electric light.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Electric light. 80.925 Section 80.925... MARITIME SERVICES Compulsory Radiotelephone Installations for Small Passenger Boats § 80.925 Electric light. (a) If the vessel is navigated at night an electric light or dial lights which clearly illuminate the...
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50 CFR 80.15 - Allowable costs.
2010-10-01
... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Allowable costs. 80.15 Section 80.15... WILDLIFE RESTORATION AND DINGELL-JOHNSON SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS § 80.15 Allowable costs. (a) What are allowable costs? Allowable costs are costs that are necessary and reasonable for accomplishment of approved...
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28 CFR 80.12 - Accounting requirements.
2010-07-01
... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Accounting requirements. 80.12 Section 80... PROCEDURE § 80.12 Accounting requirements. Neither the submission of a request for an FCPA Opinion, its... comply with the accounting requirements of 15 U.S.C. 78m(b)(2) and (3). ...
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21 CFR 349.80 - Professional labeling.
2010-04-01
... 21 Food and Drugs 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Professional labeling. 349.80 Section 349.80 Food... HUMAN USE OPHTHALMIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE Labeling § 349.80 Professional labeling. The labeling of any OTC ophthalmic demulcent drug product provided to health professionals (but...
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21 CFR 640.80 - Albumin (Human).
2010-04-01
... 21 Food and Drugs 7 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Albumin (Human). 640.80 Section 640.80 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) BIOLOGICS ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR HUMAN BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS Albumin (Human) § 640.80 Albumin (Human). (a) Proper...
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45 CFR 80.6 - Compliance information.
2010-10-01
... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Compliance information. 80.6 Section 80.6 Public... THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 § 80.6 Compliance information. (a) Cooperation and assistance. The... reports at such times, and in such form and containing such information, as the responsible Department...
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2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Shadow loss. 80.769 Section 80.769... MARITIME SERVICES Standards for Computing Public Coast Station VHF Coverage § 80.769 Shadow loss. Where the transmission path is obstructed the received signal must be adjusted to include shadow loss. Attenuation due to...
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12 CFR 1780.80 - Inflation adjustments.
2010-01-01
... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Inflation adjustments. 1780.80 Section 1780.80... DEVELOPMENT RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE Civil Money Penalty Inflation Adjustments § 1780.80 Inflation adjustments. The maximum amount of each civil money penalty within OFHEO's...
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34 CFR 80.41 - Financial reporting.
2010-07-01
... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Financial reporting. 80.41 Section 80.41 Education... Enforcement § 80.41 Financial reporting. (a) General. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (a) (2) and (5) of...) Submitting financial reports to Federal agencies, or (ii) Requesting advances or reimbursements when letters...
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2010-10-01
... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Civil penalty. 80.40 Section 80.40 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) PASSENGER VESSELS DISCLOSURE OF SAFETY STANDARDS AND COUNTRY OF REGISTRY § 80.40 Civil penalty. For each violation of the regulations in this part, the owner, operator...
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29 CFR 1919.80 - Heat treatment.
2010-07-01
... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Heat treatment. 1919.80 Section 1919.80 Labor Regulations...) GEAR CERTIFICATION Certification of Shore-Based Material Handling Devices § 1919.80 Heat treatment. (a) Wherever heat treatment of any loose gear is recommended by the manufacturer, it shall be carried out in...
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21 CFR 336.80 - Professional labeling.
2010-04-01
... 21 Food and Drugs 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Professional labeling. 336.80 Section 336.80 Food... HUMAN USE ANTIEMETIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE Labeling § 336.80 Professional labeling. The labeling provided to health professionals (but not to the general public) may contain the...
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2010-10-01
... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Land control. 80.20 Section 80.20 Wildlife... WILDLIFE RESTORATION AND DINGELL-JOHNSON SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS § 80.20 Land control. The State must control lands or waters on which capital improvements are made with Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration...
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47 CFR 80.761 - Conversion graphs.
2010-10-01
... MARITIME SERVICES Standards for Computing Public Coast Station VHF Coverage § 80.761 Conversion graphs. The following graphs must be employed where conversion from one to the other of the indicated types of units is... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Conversion graphs. 80.761 Section 80.761...
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2010-01-01
... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reports. 948.80 Section 948.80 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and..., certificates of privilege, or other appropriate identification, including the destination of each special...
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2010-10-01
... of cash or in-kind contributions. (c) The non-Federal share of project costs may not be derived from... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cost sharing. 80.12 Section 80.12 Wildlife... WILDLIFE RESTORATION AND DINGELL-JOHNSON SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS § 80.12 Cost sharing. Federal...
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9 CFR 319.80 - Barbecued meats.
2010-01-01
... CERTIFICATION DEFINITIONS AND STANDARDS OF IDENTITY OR COMPOSITION Cooked Meats § 319.80 Barbecued meats. Barbecued meats, such as product labeled “Beef Barbecue” or “Barbecued Pork,” shall be cooked by the direct... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Barbecued meats. 319.80 Section 319.80...
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2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Test methods. 80.3 Section 80.3... FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES General Provisions § 80.3 Test methods. The lead and phosphorus content of gasoline shall be determined in accordance with test methods set forth in the appendices to this part. [47...
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34 CFR 80.44 - Termination for convenience.
2010-07-01
... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Termination for convenience. 80.44 Section 80.44 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR GRANTS... Retention, and Enforcement § 80.44 Termination for convenience. Except as provided in § 80.43 awards may be...
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2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 20 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Introduction. 87.80 Section 87.80 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CONTROL OF AIR... various operating points representative of engine usage in aircraft. Other smoke measurement systems may...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
1991-01-01
Full Text Available LUTTES ET REVENDICATIONS DES YANACONAS DANS LES HACIENDAS DE LA SIERRA DE PIURA DE 1934 A 1945. En 1934 la lutte des yanaconas commence dans la sierra de Piura quand ils exigent une amélioration et une réglementation de leurs conditions de travail dans les haciendas. Des membres du Parti Socialiste du Pérou conseillent les colonos et appuient leurs revendications. Les paysans des haciendas dirigent leurs réclamations à lInspection Régionale du Travail pour obtenir une solution aux conflits entre colonos et propriétaire de lhacienda. Les documents étudiés permettent de connaître le système laboral des haciendas serranas. En el año 1934 se inicia la lucha de los yanaconas de la sierra de Piura exigiendo el mejoramiento y la reglamentación de sus condiciones de trabajo en las haciendas. Miembros del Partido Socialista del Perú apoyan y asesoran a los colonos en sus reivindicaciones. Los campesinos de las haciendas dirigen sus quejas mediante pliegos de reclamos a la Inspección Regional de Trabajo para obtener una solución a los conflictos entre colonos y patrón de hacienda. El material analizado permite conocer el sistema laboral vigente en las haciendas serranas. STRUGGLES AND CLAIMS OF THE YANACONAS IN THE PIURAN HIGHLAND HACIENDAS DURING THE YEARS 1934-1945. During 1934, the yanacona struggle begins within the Piura Highlands, demanding labor improvement and a fair ruling of the working conditions in the haciendas of the area. Members of the peruvian socialist party supported and advised all peasants over their claims. These people address their complaints to the Regional Working Inspectory in order to obtain a final solution to their labor conflicts. The study of such documents let us learn about the working system in the Highland Haciendas at that time.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Joel Outtes
2002-05-01
Full Text Available Este artículo observa la génesis de un discurso sobre urbanismo en Brasil y Argentina entre 1894 y 1945, utilizando las ideas de Foucault de disciplina y su concepto de "bio-poder". Se discute el patrón demográfico de las grandes ciudades en ambos países desde 1890 en adelante. Los planes propuestos para las mismas ciudades en los años ´20 y sus representaciones urbanas, son analizados así como las ideas de reforma social, el papel de la higiene para el urbanismo, y la relación entre el taylorismo y la ciudad. Se analiza el uso del urbanismo como un elemento de construcción nacional y las ideas de eugenesia para el urbanismo. Su implementación constituyó una forma de crear una cultura industrial, disciplinando la sociedad a través de la ciudad, aunque el proletariado industrial nunca llegó a ser mayoría en la población de Brasil o ArgentinaThis paper looks at the genesis of a discourse on urbanism in Brazil and Argentina between 1894 and 1945 using the ideas of Foucault on discipline and his concept of bio-power. Demographic pattern of the major cities in both countries from 1890 onwards is discussed. Plans proposed for the same cities in the 1920s and to urban representations, such as ideas about social reform, the role of hygiene in urbanism, and the relationship of ideas on Taylorism and the city are also discussed. The paper also analyzes the use of planning as an element of nation building and ideas defining eugenics in city planning. The implementation of city urbanism was a way of creating an industrial culture, disciplining society through the city, although the industrial proletariat never made up the majority of the population in Brazil or Argentina
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Gulløv, E.; Coninck-Smith, N. D.; Pedersen, S. H.
på teori og empiri fra sociologi, pædagogik, filosofi og arkitektur, er skrevet af førende danske, norske og svenske forskere inden for dette relativt nye tværfaglige forskningsområde. Det er særligt Bourdieu og Foucault der inddrages, men også Lefebvre, Latour, Gibson, Bernstein, Elias, Eichberg...
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A Fucking Tragedy - Krimien som vor tids tragedie? Arne Dahls Europa Blues og Jan Arnalds Övervåld
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Kirkegaard, Peter
2010-01-01
Artiklen indkredser historisk det halvt opløste genrebegreb 'tragedie' og diskuterer det i forhold til det mere modstandsdygtige og åbne begreb om det tragiske' som en særskilt modalitet. Det sker i sidste ende for at godtgøre, at også den moderne, avancerede krimi - in casu svenske Arne Dahls Eu...
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Jorgensen, Cynthia; Carnes, C Amanda; Downs, Alycia
2016-01-01
In 2012, CDC issued recommendations calling for those born between 1945 and 1965, or baby boomers, to get tested for the hepatitis C virus. To help implement this recommendation, CDC developed "Know More Hepatitis," a multimedia national education campaign. Guided by behavioral science theories and formative research, the campaign used multiple strategies to reach baby boomers and health-care providers with messages encouraging baby boomers to get tested for hepatitis C. With a limited campaign budget, the "Know More Hepatitis" campaign relied mostly on donated time and space from broadcast and print outlets. Donated placements totaled approximately $14.7 million, which reflected a more than 12-to-1 return on the campaign investment. This effort was supplemented with a small, paid digital advertising campaign. Combining audience impressions from both paid and donated campaign efforts resulted in more than 1.2 billion audience impressions.
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2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 80.605 Section 80.605 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA...
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2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 80.609 Section 80.609 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA...
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2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 80.534 Section 80.534 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel; Nonroad, Locomotive, and Marine Diesel Fuel; and ECA...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Henk te Velde
2012-06-01
Full Text Available The Domestication of Democracy in the Netherlands: The Concept of Democracy as a Political Weapon from the Nineteenth Century until 1945 Democracy as we know it is a contested combination of majority rule (as opposed to elite rule and the rule of law (as opposed to dictatorship. This contribution charts the historical debate about the concept of democracy in the Netherlands. Until the 1880s the word democracy was scarcely used in the Dutch parliament and, if used, usually in the derogatory sense of mob rule. Parliamentarians could ignore it because no large democratic reform movement existed until the neo-Calvinist Abraham Kuyper and Socialists began to advocate democracy as the rule of the common people. They used arguments that today would count as populist. In 1917-1919 general suffrage was introduced. In the interwar period liberals and social democrats used ‘democracy’ to defend the values of parliamentary democracy against National Socialism. After the war a new consensus emerged – democracy was first and foremost the absence of dictatorship. Democracy was stripped of its populist side, it was ‘domesticated’. Today it has become clear that this domestication remains contested.
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Mental health, citizenship, and the memory of World War II in the Netherlands (1945-85).
Oosterhuis, Harry
2014-03-01
After World War II, Dutch psychiatrists and other mental health care professionals articulated ideals of democratic citizenship. Framed in terms of self-development, citizenship took on a broad meaning, not just in terms of political rights and obligations, but also in the context of material, social, psychological and moral conditions that individuals should meet in order to develop themselves and be able to act according to those rights and obligations in a responsible way. In the post-war period of reconstruction (1945-65), as well as between 1965 and 1985, the link between mental health and ideals of citizenship was coloured by the public memory of World War II and the German occupation, albeit in completely different, even opposite ways. The memory of the war, and especially the public consideration of its victims, changed drastically in the mid-1960s, and the mental health sector played a crucial role in bringing this change about. The widespread attention to the mental effects of the war that surfaced in the late 1960s after a period of 20 years of public silence should be seen against the backdrop of the combination of democratization and the emancipation of emotions.
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Rómulo Betancourt, Juan D. Perón y el 17 de octubre de 1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ricardo Alberto Rivas
2005-11-01
Full Text Available Rómulo Betancourt y Juan D. Perón lideraron movimientos políticos considerados génesis de la democracia de masas en sus respectivos países, jalonada por sendos mítines populares del 17 de octubre de 1945 en Caracas y Buenos Aires, cuyo significado fue realzado como causa del proceso político ulterior. Pese a las diferencias, se destacan algunas semejanzas, tales como el contenido popular de ambos movimientos y cierta base de sustentación castrense. Se incluye un marco explicativo del proceso político venezolano precedente pero, en lo sustancial, el análisis se centra en el breve periodo transcurrido entre finales de la Segunda Guerra y el inicio de la Guerra Fría, cuando se produjeron cambios políticos en Argentina y Venezuela con un gran protagonismo de ambos dirigentes en sus respectivos países y en las recíprocas intromisiones que llevaron a cabo, enfatizando la oposición expresa de Betancourt hacia Perón desde el golpe de Estado del 4 de junio de 1943.
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The Yellow Star and Everyday Life under Exceptional Circumstances: Diaries of 1944-1945 Budapest
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Louise O. Vasvári
2016-10-01
Full Text Available In this article, a follow-up of her 2014 contribution in this journal on Hungarian women’s Holocaust diaries, Vasvári discusses six war diaries from 1944-45, which until recently lay forgotten in archives or in private hands. Two of the diaries are by Jewish victims, Anna, Mrs. Sándor Devényi (referred to in the article by her pseudonym, Margit Stellar, Mrs. József Krauss and Jenő Lévai, who describe their persecution, while the others are by one cleric, Pius István Zimándi, and by three gentile women of various backgrounds, Dr. Mária Mádi, Klára Szebény, and Mrs. Miklós Horthy. Mádi, who kept the longest diary among all five diarists, from 1941 to 1945, consistently condemned the political situation in Hungary, before and after the Nazi occupation, while Zimándi did not. Szebény wrote only about the period after December 1944, when she and her children were trapped in Buda during the siege of Budapest, and Mrs. Horthy avoided all comment about what happened in Hungary before her family was taken prisoner by the Nazis in November 1944 and subsequently kept under house arrest in Germany.
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2010-01-01
... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reports. 966.80 Section 966.80 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and... destination of each exempted disposition, and of all tomatoes handled pursuant to §§ 966.53 and 966.54. (b...
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2010-04-01
... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false General. 24.80 Section 24.80 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF THE..., agricultural wine, and other than standard wine (except distilling material or vinegar stock) are to be made...
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$^{80m}$Br/$^{80}$Br a new electron-$\\gamma$ - PAC Probe
Correia, J G; Araújo, J P; Marques, J G; Soares, J C; Melo, A A
2001-01-01
Conversion electron-$\\gamma$ PAC measurements of the 49 keV - 37 keV cascade in $^{80}$Br through the intermediate 2$^{-}$ state with T$_{1/2}$=7.4 ns were performed with a system of two magnetic lens spectrometers and two BaF$_{2}$ scintillation detectors. The parent $^{80m}$Br activity with half-life of 4.4 hrs was implanted into Ni, Zn and graphite at the ISOLDE separator at CERN. The observed interaction frequency in the nickel matrix is in good agreement with the known value of the hyperfine field for Br in Ni and the magnetic moment of the 2$^{-}$ state. From the measured quadrupole interaction in Zn and graphite the electric field gradients at Br were obtained.
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Kjellsson, Gøsta; Damgaard, Christian; Strandberg, Morten Tune
2005-01-01
"Mail: Som svar på spørgsmålene fra den svenske CA har ansøgeren kommet med uddybende bemærkninger vedr. fremgangsmåder, der styrker overvågningsplanen. Således er der nærmere beskrevet antal nødvendige eksperter/botanikere, testprocedurer, specifikke landområder inkl. forslag til velegnet overvå...
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
2017-01-01
Det er de nordiske landskaber der skaber de nordiske værdier og former den nordiske sjæl. Vi smager på det svenske landskab med professor Jacob Östberg, og undersøger hvordan 'Nordiske værdier' i Sverige bliver til Nordisk branding i mode, mad og design (men kald det endelig ikke 'NORDISK'!)....
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Osvaldo Fabián Graciano
2010-01-01
Full Text Available The objectives of this work are to rebuild the Communist and Socialist thinking and the political proposals used, between 1890 and 1945, to set a new model of economics and society within the agrarian sector in the Pampas Region, and which, on its basis, include elements of social and technological utopias. Along the first half of the twentieth century, the left wings developed several projects aimed to transform the agrarian economics and society in Argentina and thus, tried to influence the modifications of social and economics rural relations dominant in the country, and in particular in the Pampas Region. Those proposals started to throw the imaginary of a rural world different to the current upon the speech and the political thinking of the left wings. In many of them shaped as a social utopia and in others shaped as a technological utopia, for its realization.Este trabajo tiene como objetivos reconstruir el pensamiento socialista y comunista y las propuestas políticas con las que buscaron entre 1890 y 1945, concretar un nuevo modelo de sociedad y economía en el agro pampeano y que en sus fundamentos inscribían elementos de las utopías sociales y las tecnológicas. A lo largo de la primera mitad del siglo XX las izquierdas formularon diversos proyectos para la transformación de la economía y la sociedad agrarias argentina, intentando con ellos incidir en la modificación de las relaciones económicas y sociales rurales dominantes en el país y en particular en su región pampeana. Esas propuestas fueron proyectando en el discurso y en el pensamiento político de izquierdas el imaginario de un mundo rural alternativo al vigente, tomando en muchas de ellas la forma de la utopía social y en otras la de la utopía de tipo tecnológico para su realización.
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). Regional Office for Education in Asia and Oceania.
To counteract the legacy of 80 years of colonial rule in North Viet Nam, President Ho Chi Minh outlined government objectives in the Declaration of Independence in 1945. Major objectives included combatting ignorance and illiteracy. To work toward these objectives, the government established a Department of Popular Education and encouraged…
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2010-07-01
... supplies exceeding $5,000 in total aggregate fair market value upon termination or completion of the award... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Supplies. 80.33 Section 80.33 Education Office of the... Supplies. (a) Title. Title to supplies acquired under a grant or subgrant will vest, upon acquisition, in...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
María Fernanda Arias Osorio
2017-07-01
Full Text Available Through various documentary sources, especially newspaper Relator, this article considers film-related practices and discourses between 1945 and 1955 in Cali (Colombia. The constitution and transformation of the censorship committees, the types of issues associated to them, and their relations to the reconfiguration of age groups, social classes and genders are analyzed here. The undermining of the practical and symbolic power of traditional institutions and the emergence of new ones created struggles among different social groups that, in symbolic and factual ways, tried to readjust to the new political and cultural circumstances. As a modern and democratic means of expression, which rearranged the ways of citizens live and depict themselves in public arenas, cinema symbolized both the desires and fears that these transformations created in the ways different social groups looked at themselves and others. In this context, censorship was a particular arena involving the tensions in the ways a peripheral city tried to face the modernity that cinema represented.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Fernanda Lima Rabelo
2015-05-01
Full Text Available O Departamento Administrativo do Serviço Público (DASP foi um órgão criadoem 1938 pelo governo de Getúlio Vargas (1930-1945, com o objetivo de diminuir aineficiência do funcionalismo público federal e reorganizar a administração pública. NoDepartamento, surgiu uma elite técnica responsável pela reestruturação de todo ofuncionalismo público federal, e que tentou promover mudanças no trabalho, principalmentena forma de ingresso, carreira e organização das repartições públicas, centralizandodecisões. Vistos como “agentes de Vargas” na centralização burocrática promovida, ostécnicos administrativos do DASP eram criticados pelo funcionalismo e, ao mesmo tempo,exaltados dentro da máquina burocrática do Estado Novo (1937-1945. Este artigo analisa opapel dos técnicos na promoção de uma nova mentalidade pública no funcionalismo federalneste período.
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47 CFR 80.99 - Radiotelegraph station identification.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Radiotelegraph station identification. 80.99 Section 80.99 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND SPECIAL RADIO...-General § 80.99 Radiotelegraph station identification. This section applies to coast, ship and survival...
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Zhan, Shiping; Zhou, Zhiyi; Wang, Weijing; Zhao, Qicheng; Hou, Weimin
2014-01-01
In this article, the nonionic compound emulsifiers Tween80 and Span80 were used to prepare microcapsules containing phase change materials (microPCMs) with melamine-formaldehyde (MF) shells by in situ polymerization method. The effects of compound emulsifiers Tween80 and Span80 on the structure, morphologies and properties of microPCMs containing paraffin were studied. SEM morphological investigation suggests that a complex of Tween80 and Span80 as emulsifiers are optimal for the fabrication of microPCMs in this study compared to Tween60 or OP-10. The diameter distributions of microPCMs synthesized with different amounts of compound emulsifiers are uniform, whereas compound emulsifiers' amount affect the mean diameter of microPCMs decreasing from 5.34 to 3.05 µm. These microPCMs with the core/shell weight ratio 3/1 have smoother surface and a higher core content of 68.7% than other core/shell ratio. Anti-osmosis measurements indicate that microPCMs have good compactness and stable performance compared to those synthesized by one type of emulsifier.
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18 CFR 367.80 - Supervision and engineering.
2010-04-01
... engineering. 367.80 Section 367.80 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY... ACT Operating Expense Instructions § 367.80 Supervision and engineering. (a) The supervision and engineering includible in the operating expense accounts must consist of the pay and expenses of...
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40 CFR 266.80 - Applicability and requirements.
2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Applicability and requirements. 266.80 Section 266.80 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES... MANAGEMENT FACILITIES Spent Lead-Acid Batteries Being Reclaimed § 266.80 Applicability and requirements. (a...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
José Galindo
2017-05-01
Full Text Available The present article seeks to illustrate the change of economic model in Latin America from the crisis of 1929 and the transition from the model focused “outwards” to the “internal market”, using mainly the case of Mexico. It will also explain the effects of the Second World War on the major Latin American economies and the emergence of explicit industrialization policies in these countries. Based on the analysis of primary and secondary sources, the so-called Chapultepec Conference (1945 will be examined, with an emphasis on the structure of debate and contrast in the positions of Latin American countries, interested in maintaining and expanding economic nationalism and its processes of industrialization, which managed to moderate the free-trade economic proposals promoted by the United States
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29 CFR 500.80 - Payroll records required.
2010-07-01
... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Payroll records required. 500.80 Section 500.80 Labor... SEASONAL AGRICULTURAL WORKER PROTECTION Worker Protections Wages and Payroll Standards § 500.80 Payroll... agricultural association which employs any migrant or seasonal agricultural worker shall preserve all payroll...
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47 CFR 80.917 - Reserve power supply.
2010-10-01
... power supply must be adequately treated to prevent freezing or overheating consistent with the season... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Reserve power supply. 80.917 Section 80.917... MARITIME SERVICES Compulsory Radiotelephone Installations for Small Passenger Boats § 80.917 Reserve power...
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47 CFR 80.1114 - False distress alerts.
2010-10-01
... Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND SPECIAL RADIO SERVICES STATIONS IN THE MARITIME SERVICES Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) Operating Procedures for Distress and Safety Communications § 80.1114 False distress alerts. The provisions of §§ 80.334 and 80.335 apply to...
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40 CFR 80.127 - Sample size guidelines.
2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sample size guidelines. 80.127 Section 80.127 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Attest Engagements § 80.127 Sample size guidelines. In performing the...
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28 CFR 80.8 - Attorney General opinion.
2010-07-01
... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Attorney General opinion. 80.8 Section 80.8 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) FOREIGN CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT OPINION PROCEDURE § 80.8 Attorney General opinion. The Attorney General or his designee shall, within 30 days after...
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Molehin, Adebayo J; Sennoune, Souad R; Zhang, Weidong; Rojo, Juan U; Siddiqui, Arif J; Herrera, Karlie A; Johnson, Laura; Sudduth, Justin; May, Jordan; Siddiqui, Afzal A
2017-11-01
Schistosomiasis remains a major global health problem. Despite large-scale schistosomiasis control efforts, clear limitations such as possible emergence of drug resistance and reinfection rates highlight the need for an effective schistosomiasis vaccine. Schistosoma mansoni large subunit of calpain (Sm-p80)-based vaccine formulations have shown remarkable efficacy in protecting against S. mansoni challenge infections in mice and baboons. In this study, we evaluated the cross-species protective efficacy of Sm-p80 vaccine against S. japonicum and S. haematobium challenge infections in rodent models. We also elucidated the expression of Sm-p80 and Sm-p80 ortholog proteins in different developmental stages of S. mansoni, S. haematobium, and S. japonicum. Immunization with Sm-p80 vaccine reduced worm burden by 46.75% against S. japonicum challenge infection in mice. DNA prime/protein boost (1 + 1 dose administered on a single day) resulted in 26.95% reduction in worm burden in S. haematobium-hamster infection/challenge model. A balanced Th1 (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-12) and Th2 (IL-4, IgG1) type of responses were observed following vaccination in both S. japonicum and S. haematobium challenge trials and these are associated with the prophylactic efficacy of Sm-p80 vaccine. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that Sm-p80/Sm-p80 ortholog proteins are expressed in different life cycle stages of the three major human species of schistosomes studied. The data presented in this study reinforce the potential of Sm-p80-based vaccine for both hepatic/intestinal and urogenital schistosomiasis occurring in different geographical areas of the world. Differential expression of Sm-p80/Sm-p80 protein orthologs in different life cycle makes this vaccine potentially useful in targeting different levels of infection, disease, and transmission.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Augusto E Bivona
2018-03-01
Full Text Available Chagas disease, also known as American Trypanosomiasis, is a chronic parasitic disease caused by the flagellated protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi that affects about 8 million people around the world where more than 25 million are at risk of contracting the infection. Despite of being endemic on 21 Latin-American countries, Chagas disease has become a global concern due to migratory movements. Unfortunately, available drugs for the treatment have several limitations and they are generally administered during the chronic phase of the infection, when its efficacy is considered controversial. Thus, prophylactic and/or therapeutic vaccines are emerging as interesting control alternatives. In this work, we proposed Trypanosoma cruzi 80 kDa prolyl oligopeptidase (Tc80 as a new antigen for vaccine development against Chagas disease.In a murine model, we analyzed the immune response triggered by different immunization protocols based on Tc80 and evaluated their ability to confer protection against a challenge with the parasite. Immunized mice developed Tc80-specific antibodies which were able to carry out different functions such as: enzymatic inhibition, neutralization of parasite infection and complement-mediated lysis of trypomastigotes. Furthermore, vaccinated mice elicited strong cell-mediated immunity. Spleen cells from immunized mice proliferated and secreted Th1 cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α upon re-stimulation with rTc80. Moreover, we found Tc80-specific polyfunctional CD4 T cells, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity against one Tc80 MHC-I peptide. Immunization protocols conferred protection against a T. cruzi lethal challenge. Immunized groups showed a decreased parasitemia and higher survival rate compared with non-immunized control mice. Moreover, during the chronic phase of the infection, immunized mice presented: lower levels of myopathy-linked enzymes, parasite burden, electrocardiographic disorders and inflammatory cells.Considering that
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47 CFR 80.864 - Emergency electric lights.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Emergency electric lights. 80.864 Section 80... W § 80.864 Emergency electric lights. (a) Emergency electric light(s) must be installed to...) The emergency electric light(s) must be energized from the reserve power supply, if a reserve power...
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47 CFR 80.59 - Compulsory ship inspections.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Compulsory ship inspections. 80.59 Section 80... STATIONS IN THE MARITIME SERVICES Applications and Licenses § 80.59 Compulsory ship inspections. (a) Inspection of ships subject to the Communications Act or the Safety Convention. (1) The FCC will not normally...
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47 CFR 80.1069 - Maritime sea areas.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Maritime sea areas. 80.1069 Section 80.1069... MARITIME SERVICES Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) General Provisions § 80.1069 Maritime... continuous DSC alerting is available as defined by the International Maritime Organization. (2) Sea area A2...
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47 CFR 80.759 - Average terrain elevation.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Average terrain elevation. 80.759 Section 80.759 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND SPECIAL RADIO SERVICES STATIONS IN THE MARITIME SERVICES Standards for Computing Public Coast Station VHF Coverage § 80.759 Average terrain elevation. (a)(1) Draw radials...
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Flucht ins »Dritte Reich«. Wie Osteuropäer Schutz im NS-Staat suchten (1943–1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jan-Hinnerk Antons
2017-08-01
Full Text Available From 1943 to 1945, several hundred thousand Eastern Europeans fled westwards with the retreating Wehrmacht for fear of Soviet repressions. The flight of non-Germans into the ›Third Reich‹, however, has not attracted special attention in the historiography of migration and refuge. The second contiguous field of study – historical research on Displaced Persons (DPs – rarely touches the topic either, even though relevant groups of non-Jewish DPs in post-war Germany had come this way. The neglect of this topic may stem from its moral ambiguity, as many of the refugees had collaborated to various extents with the German occupation administrations. This article not only seeks to shed light on the motivations, the conditions and the dimensions of this migration, but also tries to show what guided the Nazi authorities in their dealings with the refugees. To what extent did they base their practical actions on the paradigms of racism, economic and military utilitarianism, and political loyalty? The perspectives and records of the Nazi administrations are contrasted with examples of how the events were interpreted in the memoirs of Ukrainian refugees. * * * Hunderttausende Osteuropäer flohen zwischen 1943 und 1945 mit der zurückweichenden Wehrmacht gen Westen, da sie Repressionen der Sowjetmacht erwarteten. Dieser komplexe Vorgang ist in der Historiographie zu Migration und Flucht bislang wenig berücksichtigt worden. Auch das zweite hier relevante Forschungsfeld, die Geschichtsschreibung über Displaced Persons (DPs, hat vom Phänomen der nicht-deutschen Flucht aus Osteuropa kaum Notiz genommen, obwohl relevante Anteile der nicht-jüdischen DPs eben jene Flucht vollzogen hatten. Die Gründe dafür liegen möglicherweise im Unbehagen über die moralische Ambivalenz. Denn viele der Flüchtenden hatten in unterschiedlichen Formen und Ausmaßen als Unterstützer oder Mittäter des Nationalsozialismus agiert. Der Aufsatz geht nicht nur den Motiven
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[HOLOCAUST DOCTORS SURVIVORS IN ISRAEL 1945-1952: FROM EARLY POSITIONS TO PROFESSIONAL INTEGRATION].
Herzog, Rachel
2017-04-01
The encounter between Holocaust doctor survivors and the Israeli society was part of the whole encounter between Holocaust survivors and the Israeli society. The present thesis aimed at evaluating the integration process of Holocaust doctor survivors in the Israeli health care system from 1945 until the end of 1952. Between these years about 1350 doctors arrived in Israel, the vast majority of them Holocaust survivors. Their rapid entrance to work provided the healthcare system with professional manpower, contributing their share during a tough period of the nation's history. The doctors themselves gained the opportunity for rapid professional recovery and social integration, all at the same time. The individual contributions of each of these doctors constitute a significant collective contribution. It is an inspiring story of personal and universal human victory. There are similarities between the absorption of all Holocaust survivals in Israel with regard to the motives of immigration and the feelings towards the absorption places and organizations. But Holocaust doctor survivors didn't stay too long and moved out rather quickly. The beginning was difficult. They were absorbed in each of the healthcare fronts, but especially in new clinics established in immigrant-concentrated areas, in hospitals dedicated to lung diseases and in psychiatric hospitals. They started at low professional levels, but as soon as 1952, they could be found in management positions. This was indicative of their professional advancement and the willingness of the medical establishment to absorb and promote.
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Elitno i popularno u jugoslovenskoj filmskoj kulturi 1945-1965.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rade Pantić
2017-02-01
Full Text Available The aim of this article is to try to apply the theory of culture of the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, which is based on the distinction between the elitist and the popular, on the domain of the Yugoslav film culture in the period between 1945–1965. Using Bourdieu’s hypothesis that conflicting artistic tastes reflect the class antagonism in the capitalist society we tried to show how aesthetic distinctions function in the case of the film culture of socialist Yugoslavia. The communist project of a classless society proved to be incapable of producing a society devoid of relations of domination and subordination. Socialist realism tried to mask the gap between the majority of population and the party bureaucracy by means of abolishing the division between the elite and the popular culture and by creating a uniform culture for the entire population. The entire social field was thus totalized by one art form. The project of Yugoslav self-management socialism, conditioned by the Cold War situation between the East and the West, failed to develop a distinct cultural model. The project of a classless, self-governing society was hiding the gap between the new governing elite and the rest of the population, the gap that was evident in the existence of the two distinct cultures: the elite culture of socialist aestheticism and the popular culture of the rest of the population. In order to cover this social split the ruling communist party would often start the so-called anti-bureaucratic reforms, changing the cultural paradigms in order to maintain the illusion that the process of permanent self-governing revolution and withering away of the state is in progress. Occasional censorship of both elite and the popular film was to maintain the illusion that Yugoslav society and its culture were on the tracks of their own autochthonous third way road of socialism with a human face. In fact the country was more and more economically and culturally
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47 CFR 80.1095 - Survival craft equipment.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Survival craft equipment. 80.1095 Section 80... for Ship Stations § 80.1095 Survival craft equipment. (a) At least three two-way VHF radiotelephone... they can be rapidly placed in any survival craft other than life rafts required by Regulation III/26.1...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Fernanda Rebelo
2007-12-01
Full Text Available Discute a instalação do modelo penitenciário na cidade de Florianópolis, em Santa Catarina, na década de 1930, sob a ótica do pensamento médico-higienista, e suas interfaces com o pensamento jurídico. Analisa também os discursos que, na época, eram aceitos ou considerados com valor científico. Edelvito Campelo D'Araújo, diretor da Penitenciária Pedra Grande entre 1935 e 1945, realizou uma reforma na instituição tanto administrativa, com o aumento e especialização do funcionalismo e a criação de novas seções, como física, isto é, na estrutura do prédio. Essa reforma tinha um duplo objetivo: além de implementar uma administração mais racional e moderna, de acordo com o ideário positivista da República Nova, buscava realizar um estudo científico, elaborado pelo próprio diretor, no intuito de conhecer a fundo o 'fenômeno crime' e as motivações dos criminosos.The article discusses the introduction of the penitentiary model in the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, in the 1930s, from the perspective of hygienism and its interfaces with legal thought. It also analyzes the discourses that were accepted or deemed of scientific value at that time. Edelvito Campelo D'Araújo, director of the Pedra Grande Penitentiary from 1935 to 1945, enacted an administrative and physical reform that boosted staff numbers and increased their specialization while also adding new sections to the building structure. The reform had a twofold goal: it was meant to introduce a more rational, modern administration, in tune with the positivist thinking of the New Republic, and to conduct an in-depth scientific study, designed by the director himself, of the 'crime phenomenon' and of perpetrators' motives.
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Nuclear data sheets update for A = 80
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Singh, B.
1992-01-01
Nuclear spectroscopic information for known nuclides of mass number 80 (Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr) have been evaluated and presented together with adopted energies and Jπ of levels in these nuclei. No data are yet available for excited states in 80 Zn and 80 Y. This evaluation represents a revision of earlier ones (82Si20,75Gr19). No data are available for 80 Ni, but calculations of %β - n and T 1/2 (g.s.) using RPA method have been reported by 89Kr02. A severe disagreement is noted in the systematics (85Wa02) and measured (82De36,81LKi12) Q(ε) of 80 Y decay. A remeasurement of this value is required to clarify the difference of about 2 Mev
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Calvo Calvo, Ángel, 1949-
2006-01-01
Este artículo aborda la expansión de las telecomunicaciones, uno de los componentes centrales de la Segunda Revolución Tecnológica. Tiene como objetivo incorporar el caso español a la creciente oleada internacional de investigación histórica sobre el teléfono, ofreciendo una visión de conjunto del período que abarca desde la creación de CTNE en 1924 hasta su nacionalización en 1945. Ello equivale a estudiar el teléfono en su conjunto durante esos años, dada la casi completa identificación ent...
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49 CFR 80.11 - Investment-grade ratings.
2010-10-01
... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Investment-grade ratings. 80.11 Section 80.11... § 80.11 Investment-grade ratings. (a) At the time a project sponsor submits an application, the DOT... investment-grade rating. (b) The full funding of a secured (direct) loan, loan guarantee, or line of credit...
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Faith and Superstitions in the Frontline and in the Rear in Wartime (1941-1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Evgeny F. Krinko
2013-09-01
Full Text Available The article deals with the faith and superstitions of the Soviet citizens in the frontline and in the rear during the Great Patriotic War. The study of the religion history in the USSR in 1941-1945 was significantly influenced by ideology. This theme has been thoroughly studied in recent years, but the attention is mainly attached to its institutional aspects and the role of religion in lives of Soviet citizens is still little-studied. Nevertheless, by the start of war, considerable part of the population maintained its religious beliefs, despite the anti-religious policy of the Soviet authorities. The war increased the faith of Soviet citizens in the frontline, in the rear and within the occupied territory. It was mainly caused by the extreme wartime situation. Different superstitions and omens gained a wide circulation. Despite the fact that they had different content, both rites and prayers, acknowledged by the church and the omens and superstitions, rejected by the church have become the necessary ways of people psychological adaptation to wartime severities and hardships. The conclusions, which were made with the help of different sources, such as official documents, statistical data, both published and collected in the course of work under the theme of participants and eyewitnesses’ recollections, help us to imagine the collective consciousness of the Soviet society during the Great Patriotic War.
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The Presence of Spanish and Hispanic American Literature in Slovenian secondary Schools since 1945
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Marjana Šifrar Kalan
2017-12-01
Full Text Available Traditionally Slovene secondary schools teach national and international literature as part of the study of Slovene. The article examines the presence and the selection of Spanish and Hispanic American literature in Slovene secondary schools between 1945 and 2017, taking into account sociopolitical, cultural and didactic factors. The analysis is based on all syllabuses for Slovene during this period and all text books for literature used and edited since the end of the second world war in Slovenia. Therefore the role of literature written in Spanish is analysed for two different sociopolitical contexts: Yugoslavia and the independent Republic of Slovenia. The aim of the article is to find out whether the presence and the role of Spanish language literature in Spanish has increased or decreased during this period and which are the authors and literary works which 19-year-old Slovenes who complete grammar school and continue their studies at the university are/were acquainted with. The article enumerates all writers and texts in Spanish from the analysed documents and textbooks, identifies drawbacks in the selection of the literature and concludes that experts from different fields, teachers of Slovene, Spanish, experts in literature and didactics should work on a well-balanced selection of Spanish and Hispanic American literature within the teaching of world literature.
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Kin and birth order effects on male child mortality: three East Asian populations, 1716-1945.
Dong, Hao; Manfredini, Matteo; Kurosu, Satomi; Yang, Wenshan; Lee, James Z
2017-03-01
Human child survival depends on adult investment, typically from parents. However, in spite of recent research advances on kin influence and birth order effects on human infant and child mortality, studies that directly examine the interaction of kin context and birth order on sibling differences in child mortality are still rare. Our study supplements this literature with new findings from large-scale individual-level panel data for three East Asian historical populations from northeast China (1789-1909), northeast Japan (1716-1870), and north Taiwan (1906-1945), where preference for sons and first-borns is common. We examine and compare male child mortality risks by presence/absence of co-resident parents, grandparents, and other kin, as well as their interaction effects with birth order. We apply discrete-time event-history analysis on over 172,000 observations of 69,125 boys aged 1-9 years old. We find that in all three populations, while the presence of parents is important for child survival, it is more beneficial to first/early-borns than to later-borns. Effects of other co-resident kin are however null or inconsistent between populations. Our findings underscore the importance of birth order in understanding how differential parental investment may produce child survival differentials between siblings.
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2010-10-01
... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Fire axes. 167.45-80 Section 167.45-80 Shipping COAST... Firefighting and Fire Prevention Requirements § 167.45-80 Fire axes. (a) All nautical school ships shall be provided with fire axes, as follows: Number of axes Gross tons of nautical school ships: All not over 50...
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Shared Responsibility under Article 80 CISG
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Neumann, Thomas
2009-01-01
Article 80 exempts from liability in the situation where the promisor's failure to perform has been caused by the promisee. The Article has been insufficiently dealt with in the literature and has been overlooked in case law. The paper demonstrates that article 80 has an independent scope compared...... to articles 77, 79 and 80. Five areas are investigated in this regard; the placement in CISG, the focus of the Articles, the cause of the detriment or loss, the affected remedies and the duty to overcome the detriment or loss. Further more, the paper outlines the issues related to the particular situation...... of shared responsibility in which both the promisor and the promisee seem to have caused the promisor's failure to perform. Article 80 applies to three different case types. Firstly, cases of sole causation by the promisee. Secondly, cases of joint causation by both parties where the consequences of each...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
J. Fermín Bonmatí Antón
1993-01-01
Full Text Available Orihuela actuó durante la Guerra Civil Española como foco de atracción de refugia- dos procedentes sobre todo del Centro de la Península y Andalucía. Llegaron principal- mente durante los primeros doce meses de la contienda, marcando los avatares de la Guerra el ritmo de los desplazamientos. Para su atención se creó un Comité Local de Refugiados, en noviembre de 1936, que coordinó sus acciones con las del propio Ayun- tamiento oriolano, gracias a las cuales pudieron concederles ayudas económicas y aloja- mientos. Frente a esta corriente, existe una inmigración tradicional (según reflejan los Padrones de Población de 1930 y 1945 en la que participan contingentes de emigrantes que proceden sobre todo de las áreas geográficamente más cercanas al Bajo Segura, en las provincias de Alicante y Murcia.
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40 CFR 80.52 - Vehicle preconditioning.
2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Vehicle preconditioning. 80.52 Section...) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Reformulated Gasoline § 80.52 Vehicle preconditioning. (a) Initial vehicle preconditioning and preconditioning between tests with different fuels shall be performed in...
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40 CFR 434.80 - Specialized definitions.
2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Specialized definitions. 434.80 Section 434.80 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES... means the sum of the soil losses from a surface minus deposition in macro-topographic depressions, at...
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Habermas, T
1992-01-01
German-language publications on anorexia nervosa and Simmonds' disease from between 1900 and 1945 are reviewed in order to trace factors inherent in medical thinking which have mostly hindered German-language medicine in understanding anorexia nervosa. It is demonstrated that a) the few German-language physicians who did describe central and possible characteristics of a.n. (weight-phobia, overactivity, bulimia, self-induced vomiting) were enabled to do so by valuing detailed clinical description, also of psychic characteristics, and an interest in the neuroses; b) the concept of anorexia nervosa was better known than previously assumed, though largely misunderstood; c) typical diagnostic misinterpretations led to typical biases in the description of the syndrome; d) in Germany more than in other countries a.n. was confounded with Simmonds' disease; and e) in addition to other factors, one reason for this lay in the 'holistic' ideal of psychosomatic medicine in the 1930s.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Cláudio Amaral
2011-01-01
Full Text Available Electricity has been, since its appearance in the second half of the 19th century, object of journalismand news.Few were the journals in Portugal which dedicated exclusive attention to the subject. It was in scientificjournals by socio-professional associations that the matter of electricity achieved greater exposure. In thisgroup, the Journal of the Association of Portuguese Civil Engineers, founded and first published in 1870,was a prime contribution and played a vital role in this task.As an object of media reporting, electricity has produced information considered to be of interest to theHistory of Energy. Based on the abovementioned journal, between 1870 and 1945, this article intends toaddress the following topics: identify publications about electricity; analyze these same releases; demonstratetheir potential and contributions to the history of national electricity.
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Japānas un Amerikas Savienoto Valstu kauja par Okinavu 1945. gada: 1.aprīlis – 22. jūnijs
Leimanis, Normunds
2017-01-01
Bakalaura darba tēmas nosaukums ir „Japānas un Amerikas Savienoto Valstu kauja par Okinavu 1945. gada: 1. aprīlis – 22. jūnijs ”. Tā ir viena no lielākajām un asiņainākajām kaujām, kura notika Otrā Pasaules kara laika beigās. Tā bija viena no pēdējām kaujām Otrā Pasaules kara laikā. Kaujā par Okinavu piedalijās amerikāņu un japāņu karaspēki, kas cīnījās par savu valsti un tās godu. Galvenie Okinavas kaujas dalībnieki bija japāņu 32. armija un amerikāņu 10.armija. Galvenais atbildīgais par ...
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Fitness Club
2010-01-01
The fitness club is organizing a “Back to the 80s Party” in aid of the Haiti earthquake appeal on Saturday 26.06.2010 in the Pump Room. There’s an 80s theme, so our pro DJ will be spinning 80s tunes (all tastes catered for), Morpho will be powering the visuals and the car club will be cooking-up a bbq in case you’re peckish. Fancy dress 1980s style is welcome, though not obligatory and it kicks off just after 'music on the lawn' finishes at 20.30. Its open to anyone working at CERN, friends and family. There’s a limited number of tickets and it’s entrance by ticket only, we are selling them on Thurs lunchtimes in R1 12.15 – 13.30 for 5CHF. For more information contact fitness.club@cern.ch.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Nemanja Dević
2015-08-01
Full Text Available The first half of 1945 is characterized by the construction of the revolutionary communist government and its final strike to the „enemies of the people“. This was followed by the oppression of parliamentarism and the destruction of the multi-party system. The political framework for the gathering of the „progressive forces“ in the country was the Popular Front, in which the Communists had absolute dominance. All political groups that were left out of the Popular Front, and most notably, the Democratic Party, soon found themselves under the attack of the new authorities. Echoes of these events were especially evident in Smederevo region (eastern part of the Belgrade District. The beginning of the campaign for the elections of the Constituent Assembly, which were scheduled for November 11th 1945, only strengthened the attacks on pro-democratic parties. In order to eliminate any possible impact of the opposition – which by Election Day was not existent – all declared and even potential enemies of the regime had lost the right to vote in the elections. Their total percentage in districts of Smederevo varied from one to three percent, but those who were convicted were the ones which could affect a much broader category of voters. In the fierce repressive attacks by the authorities – the strongest after the autumn of 1944 in the districts of Smederevo – dozens of people were deprived of their liberty, while the significant number of them was detained, abused, beaten or dismissals from the public service, and several persons were even murdered. On the other hand, the right to vote was significantly expanded to women and workers. Numerous rallies were organized, while agitation was common in factories, institutions and villages. The articles which were published in the weekly „New Days“ – made the propaganda of the Popular Front encompass all the people, to the extent that the individual was almost impossible to brush aside. This
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9 CFR 592.80 - Political activity.
2010-01-01
... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Political activity. 592.80 Section 592.80 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG... is prohibited, except as authorized by law or regulation of the Department. This applies to all...
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2010-10-01
... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Heat. 552.236-80 Section... SOLICITATION PROVISIONS AND CONTRACT CLAUSES Text of Provisions and Clauses 552.236-80 Heat. As prescribed in 536.570-11, insert the following clause: Heat (APR 1984) Unless otherwise specified or unless already...
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34 CFR 80.25 - Program income.
2010-07-01
... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Program income. 80.25 Section 80.25 Education Office of... income. (a) General. Grantees are encouraged to earn income to defray program costs. Program income includes income from fees for services performed, from the use or rental of real or personal property...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Leonardo Soares dos Santos
2006-01-01
Full Text Available This article attempts to discuss on concept of moral economy, presenting the case of "pequenos lavradores" (quatters in Rio de Janeiro' landscape between 1945-1964. In the first place, the focus falls on the discussion of anthropologists as Klaas and Ellen Woortman about that concept. In the second, I make a verification one of how moral economy one has been expressed by "pequenos lavradores" in you fight for the land. My hypothesis is that moral economy one not is only a set of values, but it play too an important rule in the establishment of a political speech one and of your social identity. The sources explored are newspapers, peasant meeting documents and letters envoy to the President Getúlio Vargas.Este artigo tenta discutir sobre o conceito de economia moral, apresentando o caso dos pequenos lavradores na zona rural do Rio de Janeiro entre os anos de 1945-1964. Em primeiro lugar, o foco recai sobre a discussão de antropólogos como Klaas e Ellen Woortman sobre aquele conceito. Em segundo, eu realizo uma verificação de como uma economia moral foi expressa por "pequenos lavradores" em suas lutas pela terra. Minha hipótese é que a economia moral não é apenas um conjunto de valores, mas possui também um importante papel no estabelecimento de um discurso político e de uma identidade social. As fontes por mim exploradas foram jornais, documentos de encontros camponeses e cartas enviadas ao presidente Getúlio Vargas.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Laurent Beauguitte
2010-06-01
Full Text Available Apesar da guerra e da escassez decorrente dela, apesar da ocupação e dos censores do governo de Vichy e alemaes, os geógrafos franceses cuidaram, entre 1940 e 1945 de continuar seus trabalhos científicos. Este artigo tem como objetivo destacar as condições de produção dos seis jornais da geografia francesa durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial e as atitudes dos geógrafos frente às notícias deste momento difícil. O impacto da escassez é facilmente quantificável, e também é possível encontrar sinais claros de resistência à ocupação e ao regime de Vichy. Falando da censura como dos prisioneiros de guerra ou das dificuldades diárias relacionadas à Segunda Guerra Mundial, os geógrafos aqui estudados escreviam sobre uma geografia do presente.Malgré la guerre et les pénuries qu’elle entraîne, malgré l’occupation et les censures tant vichystes qu’allemandes, les géographes français veillent de 1940 à 1945 à poursuivre leur activité scientifique. Cet article vise à mettre en lumière tant les conditions de production des six revues de géographie françaises durant la Seconde guerre mondiale que l’attitude des géographes vis à vis de l’actualité difficile de cette époque. Si l’impact des pénuries est aisément quantifiable, il est également possible de trouver des signes nets de résistance à l’Occupation et au régime de Vichy. Evoquant tant la censure que les prisonniers de guerre ou les difficultés quotidiennes liées à la Seconde guerre mondiale, les géographes étudiés ici écrivent une géographie au présent.Despite the war and the shortages it causes, despite the Occupation and both Vichy and German censorships, French geographers achieved, from 1940 to 1945, to continue their scientific work. This article aims to highlight both the production of French geographical journals during the World War II and the behaviour of geographers in this difficult time.If the impact of shortages can be
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Steam 80 steam generator instrumentation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Carson, W.H.; Harris, H.H.
1980-01-01
This paper describes two special instrumentation packages in an integral economizer (preheater) steam generator of one of the first System 80 plants scheduled to go into commercial operation. The purpose of the instrumentation is to obtain accurate operating information from regions of the secondary side of the steam generator inaccessible to normal plant instrumentation. In addition to verification of the System 80 steam generator design predictions, the data obtained will assist in verification of steam generator thermal/hydraulic computer codes developed for generic use in the industry
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Formulation and evaluation of analgesic activity of polysorbate 80 ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Abstract. Purpose: To deliver loperamide (Lp) into mice brain using polysorbate 80 (PS80)-coated liposomes that ... Due to P-gp mediated efflux, Lp ... Polysorbate 80 (PS80) enabled the drug dalargin to reach brain by ..... inflammatory pain.
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Rezende, Vera F
2010-01-01
This article analyses the connections between the ideas and principles of American city planning from 1920 with those articulated by Brazilian city planners in the 1930s and implemented by the administration of the City of Rio de Janeiro, then the capital of Brazil, notably during the period of the Estado Novo [The New State] from 1937 to 1945. In a period characterized by the centralization of political power and the concentration of decision-making in the hands of the president and the state, the City of Rio de Janeiro undertook a series of restructuring projects which utilized new forms of administration and organization. This article explores the links between urban planning in Brazil and the USA that were a notable feature of these projects. It examines particular requirements set down in city plans, city planning commissions and funding for urban activities, such as 'excess condemnation', by focusing upon articles and books written by four Brazilian engineers and proposals put forward by the American City Planning Institute, detailed in the proceedings of the National Conference on City Planning, in the periodical, City Planning and works by affiliated authors.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hanf, R.W.; Dirkes, R.L.; Duncan, J.P.
1992-07-01
The objective of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project (HEDR) is to estimate the potential radiation doses received by people living within the sphere of influence of the Hanford Site. A potential critical pathway for human radiation exposure is through the consumption of waterfowl that frequent onsite waste-water ponds or through eating of fish, shellfish, and waterfowl that reside in/on the Columbia River and its tributaries downstream of the reactors. This document summarizes information on fish, shellfish, and waterfowl radiation contamination for samples collected by Hanford monitoring personnel and offsite agencies for the period 1945 to 1972. Specific information includes the types of organisms sampled, the kinds of tissues and organs analyzed, the sampling locations, and the radionuclides reported. Some tissue concentrations are also included. We anticipate that these yearly summaries will be helpful to individuals and organizations interested in evaluating aquatic pathway information for locations impacted by Hanford operations and will be useful for planning the direction of future HEDR studies.
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Amy, Jean-Jacques; Rowlands, Sam
2018-04-01
In the late 19th century, eugenics, a pseudo-scientific doctrine based on an erroneous interpretation of the laws of heredity, swept across the industrialised world. Academics and other influential figures who promoted it convinced political stakeholders to enact laws authorising the sterilisation of people seen as 'social misfits'. The earliest sterilisation Act was enforced in Indiana, in 1907; most states in the USA followed suit and so did several countries, with dissimilar political regimes. The end of the Second World War saw the suspension of Nazi legislation in Germany, including that regulating coerced sterilisation. The year 1945 should have been the endpoint of these inhuman practices but, in the early post-war period, the existing sterilisation Acts were suspended solely in Germany and Austria. Only much later did certain countries concerned - not Japan so far - officially acknowledge the human rights violations committed, issue apologies and develop reparation schemes for the victims' benefit.
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33 CFR 80.1450 - Nawiliwili Harbor, Kauai, HI.
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Nawiliwili Harbor, Kauai, HI. 80.1450 Section 80.1450 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Pacific Islands § 80.1450 Nawiliwili Harbor, Kauai, HI...
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33 CFR 80.1470 - Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii, HI.
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii, HI. 80.1470 Section 80.1470 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Pacific Islands § 80.1470 Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii, HI...
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7 CFR 1212.80 - Right of the Secretary.
2010-01-01
... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Miscellaneous § 1212.80 Right of the Secretary... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Right of the Secretary. 1212.80 Section 1212.80...
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Janson, E.J.G.
1995-12-01
This thesis traces the historical development of nuclear research in South Africa between 1945 and 1970, starting with the efforts of metallurgists of South Africa and the Allied Nations to extract uranium from the gold ores of the Witwatersrand. During the 1950's seventeen uranium extraction plants formed a very important part of the country's industrial activity. The prospect of using South African uranium for nuclear power production (in the Western Cape area), led to the Atomic Energy Research and Development Programme investigation into nuclear energy production in South Africa. The programme provided for the refining of uranium for nuclear fuel, the establishment of a nuclear research centre at Pelindaba, the acquisition of a research reactor, and facilities for nuclear reactor research and uranium enrichment experiments. The two major projects that were initiated in the 1960's were the Pelinduna nuclear reactor project and experimentation on the vortex tube method for uranium enrichment (the Gas Cooling Project). An Investigation Committee was appointed by the Government to assess the viability of a pilot uranium enrichment plant. In 1970 it was announced that a process had been developed that was a combination of the separating element using uranium hexafluoride in hydrogen as the process fluid and a new cascade technique. 331 refs., 19 figs
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Development of span 80-tween 80 based fluid-filled organogels as a matrix for drug delivery
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Charulata Bhattacharya
2012-01-01
Full Text Available Background: Organogels are defined as 3-dimensional networked structures which immobilize apolar solvents within them. These gelled formulations are gaining importance because of their ease of preparation and inherent stability with improved shelf life as compared to the ointments. Aim: Development of span 80-tween 80 mixture based organogels for the first time by fluid-filled fiber mechanism. Materials and Methods: Span 80 and tween 80 were used as surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively. The surfactant mixtures were dissolved in oil followed by the addition of water which led to the formation of organogels at specific compositions. The formulations were analyzed by microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD, time-dependent stability test and accelerated thermal stability test by thermocycling method. Ciprofloxacin, a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone, was incorporated within the organogels. The antimicrobial activity of the drug loaded organogels and in vitro drug release from the gels was also determined. Results and Conclusions: Microscopic results indicated that the gels contained clusters of water-filled spherical structures. XRD study indicated the amorphous nature of the organogels. The release of the drug was found to be diffusion controlled and showed marked antimicrobial property. In short, the prepared organogels were found to be stable enough to be used as pharmaceutical formulation.
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33 CFR 80.1460 - Kahului Harbor, Maui, HI.
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Kahului Harbor, Maui, HI. 80.1460 Section 80.1460 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Pacific Islands § 80.1460 Kahului Harbor, Maui, HI. A line drawn...
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33 CFR 80.1430 - Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, HI.
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, HI. 80.1430 Section 80.1430 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Pacific Islands § 80.1430 Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, HI. A straight line...
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33 CFR 80.1440 - Port Allen, Kauai, HI.
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Port Allen, Kauai, HI. 80.1440 Section 80.1440 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Pacific Islands § 80.1440 Port Allen, Kauai, HI. A line drawn from...
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33 CFR 80.1420 - Mamala Bay, Oahu, HI.
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Mamala Bay, Oahu, HI. 80.1420 Section 80.1420 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Pacific Islands § 80.1420 Mamala Bay, Oahu, HI. A line drawn from...
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33 CFR 80.1480 - Hilo Harbor, Hawaii, HI.
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Hilo Harbor, Hawaii, HI. 80.1480 Section 80.1480 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Pacific Islands § 80.1480 Hilo Harbor, Hawaii, HI. A line drawn...
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46 CFR 80.30 - Promotional literature or advertising.
2010-10-01
... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Promotional literature or advertising. 80.30 Section 80... SAFETY STANDARDS AND COUNTRY OF REGISTRY § 80.30 Promotional literature or advertising. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section, all promotional literature or advertising in or over any medium...
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28 CFR 80.4 - Issuer or domestic concern.
2010-07-01
... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Issuer or domestic concern. 80.4 Section 80.4 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) FOREIGN CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT OPINION PROCEDURE § 80.4 Issuer or domestic concern. The request must be submitted by an issuer or domestic concern...
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Breast cancer research output, 1945-2008: a bibliometric and density-equalizing analysis.
Glynn, Ronan W; Scutaru, Cristian; Kerin, Michael J; Sweeney, Karl J
2010-01-01
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among women, with an estimated 194,280 new cases diagnosed in the United States in 2009 alone. The primary aim of this work was to provide an in-depth evaluation of research yield in breast cancer from 1945 to 2008, using large-scale data analysis, the employment of bibliometric indicators of production and quality, and density-equalizing mapping. Data were retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) Science Citation Expanded database; this was searched using the Boolean operator, 'OR', with different terms related to breast cancer, including "breast cancer", "mammary ductal carcinoma" and "breast tumour". Data were then extracted from each file, transferred to Excel charts and visualised as diagrams. Mapping was performed as described by Groneberg-Kloft et al. in 2008. A total of 180,126 breast cancer-associated items were produced over the study period; these had been cited 4,136,224 times. The United States returned the greatest level of output (n = 77,101), followed by the UK (n = 18,357) and Germany (n = 12,529). International cooperation peaked in 2008, with 3,127 entries produced as a result; relationships between the United States and other countries formed the basis for the 10 most common forms of bilateral cooperation. Publications from nations with high levels of international cooperation were associated with greater average citation rates. A total of 4,096 journals published at least one item on breast cancer, although the top 50 most prolific titles together accounted for over 43% (77,517/180,126) of the total output. Breast cancer-associated research output continues to increase annually. In an era when bibliometric indicators are increasingly being employed in performance assessment, these findings should provide useful information for those tasked with improving that performance.
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33 CFR 118.80 - Lights on bascule bridges.
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Lights on bascule bridges. 118.80 Section 118.80 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES BRIDGE LIGHTING AND OTHER SIGNALS § 118.80 Lights on bascule bridges. (a) Lift span lights. Each lift span of...
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30 CFR 256.80 - Leases of other minerals.
2010-07-01
... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Leases of other minerals. 256.80 Section 256.80 Mineral Resources MINERALS MANAGEMENT SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OFFSHORE LEASING OF SULPHUR OR OIL AND GAS IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF Section 6 Leases § 256.80 Leases of other minerals. The...
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7 CFR 984.80 - Books and other records.
2010-01-01
... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Books and other records. 984.80 Section 984.80... Regulating Handling Reports, Books, and Other Records § 984.80 Books and other records. Each handler shall... for the purpose of performing its functions under this subpart. Such books and records shall be...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Marc Heggen
2016-02-01
Full Text Available The FEI Titan 80-300 STEM is a scanning transmission electron microscope equipped with a field emission electron gun, a three-condenser lens system, a monochromator unit, and a Cs probe corrector (CEOS, a post-column energy filter system (Gatan Tridiem 865 ER as well as a Gatan 2k slow scan CCD system. Characterised by a STEM resolution of 80 pm at 300 kV, the instrument was one of the first of a small number of sub-ångström resolution scanning transmission electron microscopes in the world when commissioned in 2006.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
George Pararas-Carayannis
2006-01-01
Full Text Available Although large earthquakes along the Makran Subduction Zone are infrequent, the potential for the generation of destructive tsunamis in the Northern Arabian Sea cannot be overlooked. It is quite possible that historical tsunamis in this region have not been properly reported or documented. Such past tsunamis must have affected Southern Pakistan, India, Iran, Oman, the Maldives and other countries bordering the Indian Ocean.The best known of the historical tsunamis in the region is the one generated by the great earthquake of November 28, 1945 off Pakistan's Makran Coast (Balochistan in the Northern Arabian Sea. The destructive tsunami killed more than 4,000 people in Southern Pakistan but also caused great loss of life and devastation along the coasts of Western India, Iran, Oman and possibly elsewhere.The seismotectonics of the Makran subduction zone, historical earthquakes in the region, the recent earthquake of October 8, 2005 in Northern Pakistan, and the great tsunamigenic earthquakes of December 26, 2004 and March 28, 2005, are indicative of the active tectonic collision process that is taking place along the entire southern and southeastern boundary of the Eurasian plate as it collides with the Indian plate and adjacent microplates. Tectonic stress transference to other, stress loaded tectonic regions could trigger tsunamigenic earthquakes in the Northern Arabian Sea in the future.The northward movement and subduction of the Oman oceanic lithosphere beneath the Iranian micro-plate at a very shallow angle and at the high rate is responsible for active orogenesis and uplift that has created a belt of highly folded and densely faulted coastal mountain ridges along the coastal region of Makran, in both the Balochistan and Sindh provinces. The same tectonic collision process has created offshore thrust faults. As in the past, large destructive tsunamigenic earthquakes can occur along major faults in the east Makran region, near Karachi, as
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47 CFR 80.1099 - Ship sources of energy.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Ship sources of energy. 80.1099 Section 80.1099... Stations § 80.1099 Ship sources of energy. (a) There must be available at all times, while the ship is at... batteries used as part of a reserve source of energy for the radio installations. (b) A reserve source of...
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Pareto 80/20 Law: Derivation via Random Partitioning
Lipovetsky, Stan
2009-01-01
The Pareto 80/20 Rule, also known as the Pareto principle or law, states that a small number of causes (20%) is responsible for a large percentage (80%) of the effect. Although widely recognized as a heuristic rule, this proportion has not been theoretically based. The article considers derivation of this 80/20 rule and some other standard…
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Masque, Josep M.; Estalella, Robert [Departament d' Astronomia i Meteorologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalunya (Spain); Girart, Josep M. [Institut de Ciencies de l' Espai, (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Facultat de Ciencies, Torre C5-parell 2, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalunya (Spain); Rodriguez, Luis F. [Centro de Radioastronomia y Astrofisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apartado Postal 3-72, 58090 Morelia, Michoacan (Mexico); Beltran, Maria T. [INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze (Italy)
2012-10-10
We present 6 and 20 cm Jansky Very Large Array/Very Large Array observations of the northern head of the HH 80/81/80N jet, one of the largest collimated jet systems known so far, aimed to look for knots farther than HH 80N, the northern head of the jet. Aligned with the jet and 10' northeast of HH 80N, we found a radio source not reported before, with a negative spectral index similar to that of HH 80, HH 81, and HH 80N. The fit of a precessing jet model to the knots of the HH 80/81/80N jet, including the new source, shows that the position of this source is close to the jet path resulting from the modeling. If the new source belongs to the HH 80/81/80N jet, its derived size and dynamical age are 18.4 pc and >9 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 3} yr, respectively. If the jet is symmetric, its southern lobe would expand beyond the cloud edge resulting in an asymmetric appearance of the jet. Based on the updated dynamical age, we speculate on the possibility that the HH 80/81/80N jet triggered the star formation observed in a dense core found ahead of HH 80N, which shows signposts of interaction with the jet. These results indicate that parsec-scale radio jets can play a role in the stability of dense clumps and the regulation of star formation in the molecular cloud.
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47 CFR 80.651 - Supplemental eligibility requirements.
2010-10-01
... Section 80.651 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND SPECIAL RADIO SERVICES STATIONS IN THE MARITIME SERVICES Maritime Support Stations § 80.651 Supplemental eligibility requirements. (a) An applicant for a maritime support station must demonstrate a requirement for training...
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Cirrose hepática em cães: 80 casos (1965-2003 Hepatic cirrhosis in dogs: 80 cases (1965-2003
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Marcia C. Silva
2007-11-01
Full Text Available Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de 80 casos de cirrose em cães no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Dos cães em que o sexo e a idade constavam dos protocolos de necropsia, 53,8% eram machos e 46,2% eram fêmeas; 50,0% foram incluídos como idosos, 48,6% como adultos e 1,4% como filhote. Os principais sinais clínicos observados incluíram: ascite (39/80 [48,8%], icterícia (19/80 [23,8%], anorexia (13/80 [16,2%], distúrbios neurológicos (12/80 [15,0%], dispnéia (12/80 [15,0%] e edema subcutâneo (10/80 [12,5%]. Dos 63 cães em que a descrição macroscópica constava dos protocolos de necropsia, 76,2% tinham cirrose macronodular e 23,8% tinham cirrose micronodular. Nos 14 cães em que as lesões histológicas foram revistas pode-se observar diferentes graus de fibrose (leve [57,2%], moderada [21,4%] ou acentuada [21,4%] e nenhuma relação entre as intensidades da fibrose e das outras lesões histológicas observadas (degeneração gordurosa, proliferação de ductos biliares, inflamação, bilestase, hemossiderose e necrose aleatória de hepatócitos. As alterações macro e microscópicas extra-hepáticas incluíram: ascite (39/63 [61,9%], icterícia (19/63 [30,2%], status spongiosus (15/63 [23,8%], hidrotórax (12/63 [19,0%], edema subcutâneo (10/63 [15,9%], derivações portossistêmicas (11/63 [17,5%], úlceras gástricas ou duodenais (11/63 [17,5%] e nefrose colêmica (4/63 [6,3%].A retrospective study in 80 cases of canine hepatic cirrhosis was carried out at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Considering those cases in which the sex and age of the dogs were informed in the necropsy reports, males comprised 53.8% of the cases and 46.2% were females; while 50.0% of these dogs were aged, 48.6% were adults and 1.4% were puppies. The main observed clinical signs include ascites (39/80 [48
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40 CFR 80.7 - Requests for information.
2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Requests for information. 80.7 Section 80.7 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED... refiner, distributor, wholesale purchaser-consumer, or retailer to report the following information...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
S. H. Ng
2017-07-01
Full Text Available onic liquids (ILs can enhance topical and transdermal delivery, as well as increase the solubility of sparingly soluble drugs. In the present work, pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of emulsions were composed of a mixture of non-ionic surfactants, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80® and sorbitan monooleate (Span 80® in weight fraction: 1:1, 1:2, 2:1 and 2:3, LabrafacTM Lipophile WL 1349 as an oil phase and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [(HMIM (Cl] as a continuous phase. Emulsion formulations were selected with 10% surfactants from the pseudo-ternary phase diagrams and further prepared at 298.2 ± 0.1 K. Acoustic emulsificationmethod was used to prepare nanoemulsions that were mixed with freshly prepared hydrocolloid gum. The area of the single-phase zone in pseudo-ternary phase diagrams that varied with Tween 80® /Span 80® ratio in the order of 2:1 > 1:1 > 2:3 > 1:2 where Span 80® was replaced by an equivalent weight of Tween 80® to form IL-based nanoemulsions. [HMIM] [Cl] tended to create a two-phase system. Addition of carbopol® ultrez 20 copolymer into the continuous phase of the formulations gave single-phase nanoemulsions with good stability. The mixture of surfactants with weight ratio of 1:2 (Tween 80®/Span 80® showed a good stability with the smallest particle size and greater surface charges in the system. These ionic liquid-based nanoemulsions might have the potential in drug delivery systems.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Jimenez de Castro, M
1978-07-01
The thermoluminescence, the thermally stimulated currents and the thermal stability of the F centres induced in pure NaCl and KC1 crystals by X irradiation at 80K have been studied in detail, In the range between 80 and 300K. The thermoluminescent processes induced by illumination at 80K with F light in samples previously irradiated at room temperature has also been studied. It has been clearly observed the existence of thermoluminescent processes due to electrons and holes thermally released from traps, in which the F centres are not involved. The existence of hole-F centre recombination has not been observed. There are several thermoluminescent processes in both materials which are scribed to the recombination of F centres with mobile interstitial halogen atoms thermally released from traps, which are likely monovalent impurities in this temperature interval. The light emitting stage in these processes is originated by the formation of self trapped excitons. (Author) 66 refs.
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Ruth, Mike; Lebsock, Ken; Dennehy, Neil
2010-01-01
This paper revisits the Bode integral theorem, first described in 1945 for feedback amplifier design, in the context of modern satellite Attitude Control System (ACS) design tasks. Use of Bode's Integral clarifies in an elegant way the connection between open-loop stability margins and closed-loop bandwidth. More importantly it shows that there is a very strong tradeoff between disturbance rejection below the satellite controller design bandwidth, and disturbance amplification in the 'penalty region' just above the design bandwidth. This information has been successfully used to re-tune the control designs for several NASA science-mission satellites. The Appendix of this paper contains a complete summary of the relevant integral conservation theorems for stable, unstable, and non-minimum- phase plants.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Pablo von Stecher
2017-11-01
Full Text Available Patrocinada por la Asociación Argentina para el Progreso de las Ciencias, la revista Ciencia e Investigación (CEI publicó su primer ejemplar en 1945. Con el propósito de difundir los descubrimientos en las áreas de las ciencias médicas y naturales, y de instruir acerca del pensamiento científico, la revista se presentó bajo un estatuto de divulgación e intentó dirigirse a un auditorio general. No obstante, durante la primera década de publicación los editores de CEI se enfrentaron con dos desafíos vinculados a la comunicación científica. Por un lado, dieron cuenta de los conflictos implicados en la escritura de investigación y de las condiciones propias del lenguaje de la ciencia. Por otro, manifestaron su interés por conferir a la revista un estilo discursivo que, aunque sencillo y orientado a un gran público, no corrompiera la veracidad científica. Este trabajo se inscribe en la perspectiva francesa del análisis del discurso, cuyo propósito es el estudio simultáneo y recíproco de las dimensiones verbales y socio-institucionales de los discursos (Maingueneau, 2012, y analiza las representaciones sociolingüísticas (Arnoux & Del Valle, 2010 sobre el lenguaje de la ciencia y de su divulgación formuladas en CEI entre 1945 y 1955, un periodo -a su vez- complejo para el desarrollo científico en la Argentina, signado por el intervencionismo estatal en distintas instituciones. Para tal propósito, se seleccionaron e indagaron una serie de editoriales y artículos que refieren las problemáticas mencionadas. Los resultados exponen las complejidades discursivas de la divulgación científica en un ambiente poco familiarizado con esta práctica y, con ello, la dificultad por definir un perfil de lector para la revista; y, en términos más generales, dan cuenta de la importancia que tiene la reflexión sobre el lenguaje para el desarrollo y la comunicación de la ciencia.
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Om SIDAs rapport: "Towards an urban world - urbanization and development assistance"
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Eskemose Andersen, Jørgen
1996-01-01
Byerne i ulandene har et dårligt ry. De er centre for prostitution, kriminalitet og arbejdsløshed. Befolkningerne lever i armod i elendige endeløse slumområder uden udsigt til forbedrede levevilkår. Byernes infrastruktur er mangelfuld, nedslidt og fungere stort set kun i de nedarvede koloniale de...... udkommet rapport: Towards an Urban World af den svenske bistandsorganisation Sida. Udgivelsesdato: 1996...
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47 CFR 80.655 - Use of frequencies.
2010-10-01
... Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND SPECIAL RADIO SERVICES STATIONS IN THE MARITIME SERVICES Maritime Support Stations § 80.655 Use of frequencies. (a) The frequencies available for assignment to maritime support stations are described or listed in: (1) Section 80.373 for scope of...
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40 CFR 600.007-80 - Vehicle acceptability.
2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Vehicle acceptability. 600.007-80... FUEL ECONOMY AND CARBON-RELATED EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF MOTOR VEHICLES Fuel Economy Regulations for 1977 and Later Model Year Automobiles-General Provisions § 600.007-80 Vehicle acceptability. (a) All...
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40 CFR 80.23 - Liability for violations.
2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Liability for violations. 80.23 Section 80.23 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS... on the pump stand or is displayed at the retail outlet or wholesale purchaser-consumer facility from...
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40 CFR 80.92 - Baseline auditor requirements.
2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Baseline auditor requirements. 80.92... (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Anti-Dumping § 80.92 Baseline auditor requirements. (a... determination methodology, resulting baseline fuel parameter, volume and emissions values verified by an auditor...
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7 CFR 1493.80 - Evidence of export.
2010-01-01
... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Evidence of export. 1493.80 Section 1493.80... OF AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS CCC EXPORT CREDIT GUARANTEE PROGRAMS CCC Export Credit Guarantee Program (GSM-102) and CCC Intermediate Export Credit Guarantee Program (GSM-103...
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Morabia, Alfredo
2015-03-18
Before World War II, epidemiology was a small discipline, practiced by a handful of people working mostly in the United Kingdom and in the United States. Today it is practiced by tens of thousands of people on all continents. Between 1945 and 1965, during what is known as its "classical" phase, epidemiology became recognized as a major academic discipline in medicine and public health. On the basis of a review of the historical evidence, this article examines to which extent classical epidemiology has been a golden age of an action-driven, problem-solving science, in which epidemiologists were less concerned with the sophistication of their methods than with the societal consequences of their work. It also discusses whether the paucity of methods stymied or boosted classical epidemiology's ability to convince political and financial agencies about the need to intervene in order to improve the health of the people.
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Field Scale Groundwater Nitrate Loading Model for the Central Valley, California, 1945-Current
Harter, T.; Dzurella, K.; Bell, A.; Kourakos, G.
2015-12-01
Anthropogenic groundwater nitrate contamination in the Central Valley aquifer system, California, is widespread, with over 40% of domestic wells in some counties exceeding drinking water standards. Sources of groundwater nitrate include leaky municipal wastewater systems, municipal wastewater recharge, onsite wastewater treatment (septic) systems, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, animal farming, application of organic waste materials (sludge, biosolids, animal manure) to agricultural lands, and synthetic fertilizer. At the site or field scale, nitrogen inputs to the landscape are balanced by plant nitrogen uptake and harvest, atmospheric nitrogen losses, surface runoff of nitrogen, soil nitrogen storage changes, and leaching to groundwater. Irrigated agriculture is a dominant player in the Central Valley nitrogen cycle: The largest nitrogen fluxes are synthetic fertilizer and animal manure applications to cropland, crop nitrogen uptake, and groundwater nitrogen losses. We construct a historic field/parcel scale groundwater nitrogen loading model distinguishing urban and residential areas, individual animal farming areas, leaky wastewater lagoons, and approximately 50 different categories of agricultural crops. For non-agricultural landuses, groundwater nitrate loading is based on reported leaching values, animal population, and human population. For cropland, groundwater nitrate loading is computed from mass balance, taking into account diverse and historically changing management practices between different crops. Groundwater nitrate loading is estimated for 1945 to current. Significant increases in groundwater nitrate loading are associated with the expansion of synthetic fertilizer use in the 1950s to 1970s. Nitrate loading from synthetic fertilizer use has stagnated over the past 20 years due to improvements in nutrient use efficiency. However, an unbroken 60 year exponential increase in dairy production until the late 2000s has significantly impacted the
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50 CFR 18.80 - Ex parte communications.
2010-10-01
... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Ex parte communications. 18.80 Section 18... WILDLIFE AND PLANTS (CONTINUED) MARINE MAMMALS Notice and Hearing on Section 103 Regulations § 18.80 Ex parte communications. (a) After notice of a hearing is published in the Federal Register, all...
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47 CFR 80.1067 - Inspection of station.
2010-10-01
... Inspection of station. (a) Ships must have the required equipment inspected at least once every 12 months by an FCC-licensed technician holding a GMDSS Radio Maintainer's License. If the ship passes the... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Inspection of station. 80.1067 Section 80.1067...
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Readiness to reconcile and post-traumatic distress in German survivors of wartime rapes in 1945.
Eichhorn, S; Stammel, N; Glaesmer, H; Klauer, T; Freyberger, H J; Knaevelsrud, C; Kuwert, P
2015-05-01
Sexual violence and wartime rapes are prevalent crimes in violent conflicts all over the world. Processes of reconciliation are growing challenges in post-conflict settings. Despite this, so far few studies have examined the psychological consequences and their mediating factors. Our study aimed at investigating the degree of longtime readiness to reconcile and its associations with post-traumatic distress within a sample of German women who experienced wartime rapes in 1945. A total of 23 wartime rape survivors were compared to age- and gender-matched controls with WWII-related non-sexual traumatic experiences. Readiness to reconcile was assessed with the Readiness to Reconcile Inventory (RRI-13). The German version of the Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) was used to assess post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology. Readiness to reconcile in wartime rape survivors was higher in those women who reported less post-traumatic distress, whereas the subscale "openness to interaction" showed the strongest association with post-traumatic symptomatology. Moreover, wartime rape survivors reported fewer feelings of revenge than women who experienced other traumatization in WWII. Our results are in line with previous research, indicating that readiness to reconcile impacts healing processes in the context of conflict-related traumatic experiences. Based on the long-lasting post-traumatic symptomatology we observed that our findings highlight the need for psychological treatment of wartime rape survivors worldwide, whereas future research should continue focusing on reconciliation within the therapeutic process.
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A twentieth-century triangle trade: selling black beauty at home and abroad, 1945–1965.
McAndrew, Malia
2010-01-01
This study examines the careers of African American beauty culturists as they worked in the United States, Europe, and Africa between 1945 and 1965. Facing push back at home, African American beauty entrepreneurs frequently sought out international venues that were hospitable and receptive to black Americans in the years following World War II. By strategically using European sites that white Americans regarded as the birthplace of Western fashion and beauty, African American entrepreneurs in the fields of modeling, fashion design, and hair care were able to win accolades and advance their careers. In gaining support abroad, particularly in Europe, these beauty culturists capitalized on their international success to establish, legitimize, and promote their business ventures in the United States. After importing a positive reputation for themselves from Europe to the United States, African American beauty entrepreneurs then exported an image of themselves as the world's premier authorities on black beauty to people of color around the globe as they sold their products and marketed their expertise on the African continent itself. This essay demonstrates the important role that these black female beauty culturists played, both as businesspeople and as race leaders, in their generation's struggle to gain greater respect and opportunity for African Americans both at home and abroad. In doing so it places African American beauty culturists within the framework of transatlantic trade networks, the Black Freedom Movement, Pan-Africanism, and America's Cold War struggle.
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47 CFR 80.389 - Frequencies for maritime support stations.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Frequencies for maritime support stations. 80.389 Section 80.389 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND SPECIAL RADIO SERVICES STATIONS IN THE MARITIME SERVICES Frequencies Maritime Support Stations § 80.389...
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Popov, Alexey A; Zhang, Lin; Dunsch, Lothar
2010-02-23
Y(3)C(80) obtained in the synthesis of nitride clusterfullerenes Y(3)N@C(2n) (2n = 80-88) by the reactive atmosphere method is found to be a genuine trimetallofullerene, Y(3)@C(80), with low ionization potential and divalent state of yttrium atoms. DFT studies of the electronic structure of Y(3)@C(80) show that this molecule mimics Y(3)N@C(80) with the pseudoatom (PA) instead of the nitrogen atom. Topology analysis of the electron density and electron localization function show that yttrium atoms form Y-PA bonds rather than direct Y-Y bonds. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the Y(3)PA cluster is as rigid as Y(3)N and rotates inside the fullerene cage as a single entity.
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40 CFR 80.163 - Detergent certification options.
2010-07-01
... 40 Protection of Environment 16 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Detergent certification options. 80... options. To be used to satisfy the detergency requirements under § 80.161(a), a detergent additive must be certified in accordance with the requirements of one or more of the options and suboptions described in this...
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21 CFR 114.80 - Processes and controls.
2010-04-01
... scheduled process and maintained in all finished foods. Manufacturing shall be in accordance with the... occur often enough to ensure that the container suitably protects the food from leakage or contamination... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Processes and controls. 114.80 Section 114.80 Food...
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20 CFR 401.80 - Accounting for disclosures.
2010-04-01
... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Accounting for disclosures. 401.80 Section... AND INFORMATION The Privacy Act § 401.80 Accounting for disclosures. (a) We will maintain an accounting of all disclosures of a record for five years or for the life of the record, whichever is longer...
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21 CFR 226.80 - Packaging and labeling.
2010-04-01
... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Packaging and labeling. 226.80 Section 226.80 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS... Type A medicated article(s) with lot or control numbers that permit determination of the history of the...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Carl Kubler
2018-03-01
Full Text Available In the years following the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945, Chinese conceptions of children and childhood underwent a massive transformation. In particular, Communist educators in Northeast China and other parts of the country placed a new labor-oriented ideal of childhood at the center of the nation’s modernizing project. This article focuses on two issues related to this “remaking” of Chinese childhood in the mid-twentieth century. First, how did lower-elementary reading primers and other textbooks help create for children the idea of a Chinese nation, of which they were part and with which they were expected to identify above and beyond the domestic spheres of their natal families? Second, how did such textbooks teach children to think of themselves as laboring contributors to national causes? Following the physical and emotional devastation of war, Communist textbooks reordered the social world of children not by resubjugating them under traditional Confucian hierarchies but by elevating them to the position of national co-subject. Moreover, productive labor—framed through agriculture, industry, and military service—became one of the primary criteria for children’s inclusion into the nation. Through narrative, linguistic, and visual means, midcentury textbooks increasingly brought children into the fold of an imagined national community and, simultaneously, extended to society’s youngest members the importance of productivity as the primary condition of their inclusion.
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Characterization of a Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus with Bmvp80 disruption.
Tang, Xu-Dong; Xu, Yi-Peng; Yu, Lin-Lin; Lang, Guo-Jun; Tian, Cai-Hong; Zhao, Jin-Fang; Zhang, Chuan-Xi
2008-12-01
A BmNPV Bacmid with the Bmvp80 gene disrupted was constructed using the ET-recombination system in Escherichia coli to investigate the role of Bmvp80 during the baculovirus life cycle. Disruption of Bmvp80 resulted in single cell infection phenotype, whereas a rescue BmBacmid restored budded virus titers to wild type levels; however, the homologous gene Ac104 (Acvp80) from AcMNPV could not complement the BmBacmid lacking a functional Bmvp80 gene. Electron microscopy of cells transfected with BmNPV lacking functional Bmvp80 revealed that the number of nucleocapsids was markedly lower. These results suggest that Bmvp80 is essential for normal budded virus production and nucleocapsid maturation, and is functionally divergent between baculovirus species.
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47 CFR 80.1007 - Bridge-to-bridge radiotelephone installation.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Bridge-to-bridge radiotelephone installation. 80.1007 Section 80.1007 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND... Bridge-to-Bridge Act § 80.1007 Bridge-to-bridge radiotelephone installation. Use of the bridge-to-bridge...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Elizabeth de Cacqueray
2009-10-01
Full Text Available This article analyzes the representation of women in a certain number of filmic texts released in Great Britain between 1939 and 1945: more particularly, Fires Were Started, Millions Like Us and Went the Day Well? The innovatory roles these films offer to women have led me to ask whether the representation corresponds to a reflection of a genuine situation at the time or whether it is the result of a manipulation of the image of women in the interests of propaganda. The filmic representations are compared to a well-known Women’s Auxiliary Air Force recruitment poster, an example of direct propaganda, and to women’s personal accounts of their war-time experiences. Similarities in method between the poster and the films emerge which underline the propaganda slant of the films. Certain aspects of the women’s accounts confirm the representation of women provided by the films, thus supporting the theory whereby the films reflect the relatively emancipating effects of the war for women. However, the examination of these accounts also reveals the extent to which the films omit certain aspects of women’s war experiences: the sometimes negative attitudes of men towards women in the work place, the trauma for mothers around the evacuation of their children […] The propaganda slant of the films is thus as much due to what they omit to mention as it is due to the image of women which reaches the screen.
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40 CFR 80.1141 - Small refinery exemption.
2010-07-01
.... (a)(1) Gasoline produced at a refinery by a refiner, or foreign refiner (as defined at § 80.1165(a... effective beginning on January 1 of the following calendar year, at which point the gasoline produced at... from the calculation of its Renewable Volume Obligation (under § 80.1107(a)) gasoline from any refinery...
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Guidelines for a U.S. Counterpropaganda Strategy to Defeat Al-Qaeda Recruiting
2011-06-01
the press, the church, the cinema , the education system (universities, pubic and primary schools), and recruiting the best authors to publish books...1945 Ideology and Purpose. President Roosevelt delivered a speech to Congress nearly a year before the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor and...Nazi propaganda.79 Third, the foreign campaign concentrated efforts to counter German and Japanese propaganda to the Allies.80 The propaganda
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IBM WebSphere Application Server 80 Administration Guide
Robinson, Steve
2011-01-01
IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.0 Administration Guide is a highly practical, example-driven tutorial. You will be introduced to WebSphere Application Server 8.0, and guided through configuration, deployment, and tuning for optimum performance. If you are an administrator who wants to get up and running with IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.0, then this book is not to be missed. Experience with WebSphere and Java would be an advantage, but is not essential.
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40 CFR 80.81 - Enforcement exemptions for California gasoline.
2010-07-01
... gasoline. 80.81 Section 80.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES Reformulated Gasoline § 80.81 Enforcement exemptions for California gasoline. (a)(1) The requirements of subparts D, E, F, and J of this part are...
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Jones, R
2001-10-01
Considerable attention has been paid to the representation of scientists as villains in horror and science fiction films, and to the part this has played in creating the public perception of scientists. But science and scientists have also been represented in films which do not fit readily with the conventions of these genres, and these "mainstream" films allow a more detailed investigation of the public perception of science at the time they were made. This paper examines a number of British mainstream films portraying scientists and science from the period 1945-1970 to see in what ways the conduct of science was being questioned. A concern with the political control of science and the resulting secrecy is evident in a number of the films. The criticism of scientists seems to come from two contradictory directions. Scientists were either seen as too detached and unconcerned about the consequences of their work, or they were too emotional and insufficiently objective. This is in part explained by newer, less deferential attitudes to science co-existing with the older, heroic view during the period under study.
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Fatović-Ferencić, Stella; Hofgräff, Darija
2013-01-01
The historiography of Zagreb sanatorium Merkur, founded by Merkur Insurance Society in 1930 is presented. The research is based on archival sources kept in the State's archives as well as in the National library in Zagreb aiming to identify the opening, building and governing the hospital until 1945. The analysis of the hospital historiography allowed the insight into social insurance development on our territory as well as of Zagreb's population receptivity towards the health institution and the quality of health service in the first half of the 20th century. The paper is dedicated to the 140th anniversary of Merkur Insurance Society foundation.
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47 CFR 80.123 - Service to stations on land.
2010-10-01
... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Service to stations on land. 80.123 Section 80... STATIONS IN THE MARITIME SERVICES Operating Requirements and Procedures Special Procedures-Public Coast Stations § 80.123 Service to stations on land. Marine VHF public coast stations, including AMTS coast...
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21 CFR 80.37 - Treatment of batch pending certification.
2010-04-01
... 21 Food and Drugs 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Treatment of batch pending certification. 80.37 Section 80.37 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL COLOR ADDITIVE CERTIFICATION Certification Procedures § 80.37 Treatment of batch pending certification...
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36 CFR 7.80 - Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
2010-07-01
... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore. 7.80 Section 7.80 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR SPECIAL REGULATIONS, AREAS OF THE NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM § 7.80 Sleeping Bear Dunes National...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
B. A. R. Mohr
2003-01-01
Full Text Available In dieser Untersuchung werden beispielhaft die Lebenswege und Karrieren von Berliner Geowissenschaftlerinnen im Zeitraum von 1906 bis 1945 nachgezeichnet und analysiert. Ähnlich wie an anderen deutschen bzw. westlichen Universitäten, aber im Gegensatz zu Russland, begann die Tätigkeit von Frauen in den Geowissenschaften spät, und das Fach wurde auch relativ selten gewählt, hauptsächlich wegen der zu geringen Berufschancen. Aber die besondere Situation in Berlin mit mehreren sich ergänzenden Institutionen und dem daraus resultierenden breiten Spektrum an geowissenschaftlichen Disziplinen, sowie ausgezeichneten Professoren, ließ dennoch Raum für eine Ausbildung in diesem Bereich und erlaubte, wenn auch in bescheidenem Maße, eine gewisse Karrieremöglichkeit. Während der hier untersuchten 40 Jahre haben weniger als 20 Frauen in den Geowissenschaften und benachbarten Gebieten promoviert. Mehrere dieser Frauen blieben in dem von ihnen gewählten Fach weiterhin aktiv und wurden erfolgreich. Zwei Frauen gelang eine akademische Karriere — eine als Universitätsprofessorin, die auch Schülerinnen hatte. Andere arbeiteten an staatlichen Institutionen, wie z. B. dem Geologischen Landesamt. Wenige Frauen blieben nach ihrer Verheiratung beruflich aktiv, wenn auch nicht offiziell angestellt, sondern als Ehefrauen. Andere arbeiteten als "Ersatz" für die im Kriege stehenden Männer. Einige waren aus persönlichen und politischen Gründen, insbesondere während der NS-Zeit, gezwungen, die Geowissenschaften zu verlassen, konnten aber teilweise auf anderen Gebieten erfolgreich arbeiten. This paper documents the lives and careers of women geoscientists at the Berlin Friedrich-Wilhelms-University from 1906 through 1945. Traditionally, in Germany, women had difficulties to be accepted in geosciences (except for geography/geology teachers, because of strong links between geology and mining, a field dominated clearly by men. In western European countries
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2010-04-01
... APPROVAL OF MEDICAL DEVICES Postapproval Requirements § 814.80 General. A device may not be manufactured, packaged, stored, labeled, distributed, or advertised in a manner that is inconsistent with any conditions...
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Status of system 80+ design certification
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Matzie, R.A.
1992-01-01
This paper reports that 1991 was a year of great progress in the design certification process for ABB Combustion Engineering Nuclear Power's 1300 MWe evolutionary advanced light water reactor (ALWR) plant, System 80+. As the next generation of nuclear power plants move toward final design approval by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), elements of the design process that emphasize operation and maintenance have become the focus. For System 80+, licensing under the new design certification process is now concentrated on operational support, human engineering, plant layout, and computer-aided engineering
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33 CFR 80.1130 - San Luis Obispo Bay, CA.
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false San Luis Obispo Bay, CA. 80.1130 Section 80.1130 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Pacific Coast § 80.1130 San Luis Obispo Bay, CA. A line drawn from...
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AFSC/REFM: Amendment 80 Economic Data Report Dataset
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Annual series of economic data collected for years 2008 and forward for the Amendment 80 Economic Data Report (EDR). Reporting is required of holders of Amendment 80...
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40 CFR 80.41 - Standards and requirements for compliance.
2010-07-01
... gasoline produced by a refinery approved under § 80.1334, pursuant to § 80.1334(c). (f)(1) Phase II complex...) of this section shall not apply to reformulated gasoline produced by a refinery approved under § 80... gasoline produced at each refinery or imported by each importer as follows: (1) Adjusted standards for a...
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Ku80-deleted cells are defective at base excision repair
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Li, Han; Marple, Teresa; Hasty, Paul
2013-01-01
Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Ku80-deleted cells are hypersensitive to ROS and alkylating agents. • Cells deleted for Ku80, but not Ku70 or Lig4, have reduced BER capacity. • OGG1 rescues hypersensitivity to H 2 O 2 and paraquat in Ku80-mutant cells. • Cells deleted for Ku80, but not Lig4, are defective at repairing AP sites. • Cells deleted for Ku80, but not Lig4 or Brca2 exon 27, exhibit increased PAR. - Abstract: Ku80 forms a heterodimer with Ku70, called Ku, that repairs DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. As a consequence of deleting NHEJ, Ku80-mutant cells are hypersensitive to agents that cause DNA DSBs like ionizing radiation. Here we show that Ku80 deletion also decreased resistance to ROS and alkylating agents that typically cause base lesions and single-strand breaks (SSBs). This is unusual since base excision repair (BER), not NHEJ, typically repairs these types of lesions. However, we show that deletion of another NHEJ protein, DNA ligase IV (Lig4), did not cause hypersensitivity to these agents. In addition, the ROS and alkylating agents did not induce γ-H2AX foci that are diagnostic of DSBs. Furthermore, deletion of Ku80, but not Lig4 or Ku70, reduced BER capacity. Ku80 deletion also impaired BER at the initial lesion recognition/strand scission step; thus, involvement of a DSB is unlikely. Therefore, our data suggests that Ku80 deletion impairs BER via a mechanism that does not repair DSBs
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Ku80-deleted cells are defective at base excision repair
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Li, Han [The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, The Institute of Biotechnology, The Department of Molecular Medicine, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207 (United States); Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029 (Spain); Marple, Teresa [The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, The Institute of Biotechnology, The Department of Molecular Medicine, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207 (United States); Hasty, Paul, E-mail: hastye@uthscsa.edu [The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, The Institute of Biotechnology, The Department of Molecular Medicine, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207 (United States); Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029 (Spain)
2013-05-15
Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Ku80-deleted cells are hypersensitive to ROS and alkylating agents. • Cells deleted for Ku80, but not Ku70 or Lig4, have reduced BER capacity. • OGG1 rescues hypersensitivity to H{sub 2}O{sub 2} and paraquat in Ku80-mutant cells. • Cells deleted for Ku80, but not Lig4, are defective at repairing AP sites. • Cells deleted for Ku80, but not Lig4 or Brca2 exon 27, exhibit increased PAR. - Abstract: Ku80 forms a heterodimer with Ku70, called Ku, that repairs DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. As a consequence of deleting NHEJ, Ku80-mutant cells are hypersensitive to agents that cause DNA DSBs like ionizing radiation. Here we show that Ku80 deletion also decreased resistance to ROS and alkylating agents that typically cause base lesions and single-strand breaks (SSBs). This is unusual since base excision repair (BER), not NHEJ, typically repairs these types of lesions. However, we show that deletion of another NHEJ protein, DNA ligase IV (Lig4), did not cause hypersensitivity to these agents. In addition, the ROS and alkylating agents did not induce γ-H2AX foci that are diagnostic of DSBs. Furthermore, deletion of Ku80, but not Lig4 or Ku70, reduced BER capacity. Ku80 deletion also impaired BER at the initial lesion recognition/strand scission step; thus, involvement of a DSB is unlikely. Therefore, our data suggests that Ku80 deletion impairs BER via a mechanism that does not repair DSBs.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Maman S Mahayana
2013-08-01
Full Text Available There are three views are shown in the movement of Indonesia in responding to the arrival of Japan to Indonesia. First, they welcome and support the arrival of Japan considering the success of Japan drove the Dutch. Second, they have not determined the attitude of supporting or opposing. In this case, they still want to see how Japan would run his administration in Indonesia. Third, they oppose the presence of Japan, although not yet dared to take the fight. Those who oppose the Japanese arrivals in Indonesia consists of two groups, namely (1 of the aristocratic, ambtenaar, and government employees, and (2 the movement of the fighters who put the government of Japan as an imperialist occupation. How is the real politics of the Japanese occupation government in carrying out its colonial administration in the colonies? With the underlying research on the Asia Raja newspapers (April 29, 1942 to September 7, 1945, this paper tries to reveal the political government of Japan in the socio-cultural and literature. How is the newspapers used the Japanese occupation government to gain public support for Indonesia in the face of Greater East Asia war?
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Sato, Hajime
2003-01-01
Agenda setting is regarded as a key process in policymaking. This study first examines the trends in newspaper articles on smoking and health and the debates on the issue in the Diet in Japan for the period 1945-1990. Then relationships of those articles and debates with national administrative actions are analyzed. Although the media helped set the agenda in the Diet before the emergence of the nonsmokers' rights movement, it did not do so thereafter. On the other hand, media reports continued to be associated with various aspects of administrative policy making throughout the study period and played an important role in mobilizing administrative agencies. Effects of mass media on agencies were regarded as largely independent of the debates in the Diet. It is also noted that simple "scientific" reports on the health hazards of smoking had no association either with agency action or with Diet debates. This indicates that issue building, which consists of creating a package of ideas about the facts, the causal theories, the responsibilities, and the feasible solutions, is important when scientific facts are to be dealt with by policymakers.
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Andersson, Pentti Kalevi
2015-06-01
Using diagnoses exclusively, comparable evaluations of the empirical evidence relevant to the content can be made. The term holocaust survivor syndrome according to the DSM-IV classification encompasses people with diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorders and psychopathological symptoms exposed to the Nazi genocide from 1933-1945 identified by Natan Kellermann, AMCHA, Israel (1999). The relationships between disorders of affectionate parenting and the development of dysfunctional models on one hand, and various psychopathological disorders on the other hand were investigated. Multi-axial assessment based on PTSD diagnosis (APA, 2000) with DSM-IV classification criteria of holocaust survivor syndrome and child survivor syndrome earlier found in holocaust survivors was used as criteria for comparison among Finnish sub-populations. Symptoms similar to those previously described in association with holocaust survivor syndrome and child survivor syndrome were found in the population of Finnish people who had been displaced as children between 1939-1945. Complex PTSD syndrome is found among survivors of prolonged or repeated trauma who have coping strategies intended to assist their mental survival. Surviving Finnish child evacuees had symptoms at similar level to those reported among holocaust survivors, though Finnish combat veterans exhibited good mental adjustment with secure attachment.
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7 CFR 900.80 - Words in the singular form.
2010-01-01
... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Words in the singular form. 900.80 Section 900.80....C. 608b(b) and 7 U.S.C. 608e Covering Fruits, Vegetables, and Nuts § 900.80 Words in the singular form. Words in this subpart in the singular form shall be deemed to import the plural, and vice versa...
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Wallace, Daniel J; Weisman, Michael H
2003-02-01
Crimes against humanity by Nazi Germany led to the codification of procedures for trying medical professionals. The principles detailed in the Nuremberg Code formulated by the Allies represented their effort to prevent future excesses and embody today's Institutional Review Boards. Reactive arthritis is often termed Reiter's syndrome, after Hans Reiter, who was incarcerated at Nuremberg. The authors reviewed Dr Hans Reiter's Nuremberg file at the National Archives in Washington, DC, and present chronologic excerpts of his interrogations between 1945 and 1947, with interpretative commentary. Reiter was involved with or knowledgeable of involuntary sterilization and euthanasia undertaken by the Nazi regime. He also played an active role in the design of a study that inoculated concentration camp internees at Buchenwald with an experimental typhus vaccine, which resulted in hundreds of deaths. A brilliant investigator and erudite intellectual, the career of Hans Reiter shows the importance and the relevance of scientific inquiry to adhere to principles enumerated in the Nuremberg Code. Because he was not the first to describe reactive arthritis, and in view of the above, Reiter's syndrome should only be used to cite an older reference that uses the term or in a historical context. Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Anon.
1994-06-15
On March 4, an international symposium and tribute was held at Fermilab in honour of the Laboratory's founding director Robert Rathbun Wilson on the occasion of his 80th birthday. The symposium - 'Celebrating an Era of Courage and Creativity' - featured talks and reflections by many of Wilson's colleagues and friends including Fermilab Director John Peoples and Director Emeritus Leon Lederman.
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47 CFR 80.903 - Inspection of radiotelephone installation.
2010-10-01
... ship passes the inspection, the technician will issue a Communications Act Safety Radiotelephony... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Inspection of radiotelephone installation. 80... Passenger Boats § 80.903 Inspection of radiotelephone installation. Every vessel subject to Part III of...
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Backbending in high spin states of 80Kr
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kaushik, M.; Saxena, G.
2014-01-01
The study of high-spin states in Kr isotopes near A = 80 region has attracted a considerable interest in recent years. A variety of shapes, shape coexistence as well as backbending phenomenon have been studied in the many of Kr isotopes. In the case of 80 Kr, the high spin structure has been studied by Doring et al. rather extensively and has provided considerable insight into the structure of f-p-g shell nuclei and the competition between single-particle and collective degrees of freedom. Backbending phenomenon is reported in 80 Kr at ω = 0.5 MeV
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Phosphorylation of human INO80 is involved in DNA damage tolerance
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kato, Dai; Waki, Mayumi; Umezawa, Masaki; Aoki, Yuka; Utsugi, Takahiko; Ohtsu, Masaya; Murakami, Yasufumi
2012-01-01
Highlights: ► Depletion of hINO80 significantly reduced PCNA ubiquitination. ► Depletion of hINO80 significantly reduced nuclear dots intensity of RAD18 after UV irradiation. ► Western blot analyses showed phosphorylated hINO80 C-terminus. ► Overexpression of phosphorylation mutant hINO80 reduced PCNA ubiquitination. -- Abstract: Double strand breaks (DSBs) are the most serious type of DNA damage. DSBs can be generated directly by exposure to ionizing radiation or indirectly by replication fork collapse. The DNA damage tolerance pathway, which is conserved from bacteria to humans, prevents this collapse by overcoming replication blockages. The INO80 chromatin remodeling complex plays an important role in the DNA damage response. The yeast INO80 complex participates in the DNA damage tolerance pathway. The mechanisms regulating yINO80 complex are not fully understood, but yeast INO80 complex are necessary for efficient proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) ubiquitination and for recruitment of Rad18 to replication forks. In contrast, the function of the mammalian INO80 complex in DNA damage tolerance is less clear. Here, we show that human INO80 was necessary for PCNA ubiquitination and recruitment of Rad18 to DNA damage sites. Moreover, the C-terminal region of human INO80 was phosphorylated, and overexpression of a phosphorylation-deficient mutant of human INO80 resulted in decreased ubiquitination of PCNA during DNA replication. These results suggest that the human INO80 complex, like the yeast complex, was involved in the DNA damage tolerance pathway and that phosphorylation of human INO80 was involved in the DNA damage tolerance pathway. These findings provide new insights into the DNA damage tolerance pathway in mammalian cells.
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Pang, D; Burges, D C; Sorahan, T
1996-10-01
To re-examine mortality patterns in a cohort of nickel platers with no history of chromium plating. All 284 men first employed by the company in 1945-75 with a minimum employment of three months in the nickel plating department were identified. Workers who had worked in the chromium plating or nickel/chromium plating departments were excluded. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs), P values, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Poisson regression was used to carry out statistical modelling of mortalities within the cohort (internal standard). Four variables were considered to have the potential to influence mortality within the cohort: attained age (age at follow up or age at death), year of starting nickel work, period of follow up (measured from the first period of work with nickel exposure), and duration of exposure to nickel. The only significant difference between observed and expected numbers, when investigated by site of cancer and by broad non-cancer groupings, was that for stomach cancer (observed eight, expected 2.49, SMR 322). The study provides only weak evidence that nickel plating is associated with an excess risk of stomach cancer. This cohort of nickel platers does not seem to have experienced any discernible risk of occupational lung cancer. Other studies of nickel platers rather than nickel/chromium platers would be useful.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mohamad Nor Shodiq
2017-10-01
Full Text Available The Classroom Action Research (CAR aims to invent teaching and learning strategy which fits the learners’ style and to solve the teachers’ problem in finding the appropriate technique in teaching. The researcher took SMK 17 Agustus 1945 Muncar Banyuwangi on 35 students of the tenth grade of AK 1 and was conducted in one cycle with the phases of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The researcher found that the implementation of Direct Practice with the Native Speaker could improve the students’ speaking skill. It was proved by the result of the students’ speaking score. The average classical score in preliminary study was 50. 00. They had improvement from the third meeting but did not all of students meet the criteria of success and were still below the KKM. In the fourth meeting was found that all of the students could reach criteria of success and KKM score as 70. 00. Direct Practice with the Native Speaker creates the teaching and learning process fun, and good atmosphere of competition among the students.
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A vision of inexhaustible energy: The fast breeder reactor in Swedish nuclear power history 1945-80
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fjaestad, Maja
2010-01-01
The fast breeder is a type of nuclear reactor that aroused much attention in the 1950s and 1960s. Its ability to produce more nuclear fuel than it consumes offered promises of cheap and reliable energy, and thereby connected it to utopian ideas about an eternal supply of energy, Furthermore. the ideas of breeder reactors were a vital part of the post-war visions about the nuclear future. This dissertation investigates the plans for breeder reactors in Sweden, connecting them to the contemporary development of nuclear power with heavy or light water and the discussions of nuclear weapons, as well as to the general visions of a prosperous technological future. The history of the Swedish breeder reactor is traced from high hopes in the beginning, via the fiasco of the Swedish heavy water program, partly focusing on the activities at the company AB Atomenergi and investigating how it planned and argued for its breeder program and how this was received by the politicians. The story continues into the intensive environmental movement in the 1970s, ending with the Swedish referendum on nuclear energy in 1980, which can be seen as the final point for the Swedish breeder. The thesis discusses how the nuclear breeder reactor was transformed from an argument for nuclear power to an argument against it. The breeder began as a part of the vision of a society with abundant energy, but was later seen as a threat against the new sustainable world. The nuclear breeder reactor is an example of a technological vision that did not meet its industrial expectations. But that does not prevent the fact that breeder was an influential technology in an age where important decisions about nuclear energy were made. The thesis argues that important decisions about the contemporary reactors were taken with the idea that they in a foreseeable future would be replaced with the efficient breeder. And the last word on the breeder reactor is not said - today, reactor engineers around the world are showing a renewed interest in this elusive reactor type
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47 CFR 80.1133 - Transmission of safety communications.
2010-10-01
... SERVICES STATIONS IN THE MARITIME SERVICES Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) Operating... safety traffic frequencies specified in § 80.1077, or via the maritime mobile satellite service or on... 47 Telecommunication 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Transmission of safety communications. 80.1133...
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7 CFR 1948.80 - Planning grant selection criteria.
2010-01-01
... financial resources available for such planning; (d) The planning priorities and recommended funding level... 7 Agriculture 13 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Planning grant selection criteria. 1948.80 Section... Development Assistance Program § 1948.80 Planning grant selection criteria. The following criteria will be...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ridwan Ridwan
2017-10-01
Full Text Available This study is aimed at improving the student’ Speaking skill by implementing debate. The result problem is “how can English debate improve the speaking skill of the eleventh grade students of SMK 17 Agustus 1945 Muncar Banyuwangi?” The researcher stated the problem because of the result of pre liminary study. The average classical score was 50.00 in a 0-100 scale. All of them had not reached the criteria of success. They did not feel self confident in speaking English. and it opposited with the target of SMK. The class room action research (CAR aims to discover teaching and learning strategy which suited to the learner’s style and to solve the teacher’s problem in finding appropriate technique in teaching. The research taken in SMK 17 Agustus 1945 Muncar Banyuwangi on 39 students of eleventh grade of AK1 was conducted in two cycles with the phases of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The instruments that used for data collection were observation form, questioner and students opinion about debate. The teaching learning procedure was divided into three steps; pre activity, main activity, and post activity. The researcher found that the implementation of debate could improve the students’ speaking skill. It was proved by the result of the students’ speaking score. The average classical score in preliminary study was 50.00. They had improvement from the first cycle, but did not fulfill the criteria of success that was 66.66. That was still under KKM. And it was found in the second cycle that the classical score was 83.33, and it could create the teaching and learning process relaxed, enjoyable atmosphere to speak spontaneously without nervous, and able to motivate student to be brave in speaking. The students’ speaking skill can be improved through debate with these following procedures: 1 The teacher introduced the Australasia debate model, stated the aim of the activity. 2 The teacher explained the procedures