WorldWideScience

Sample records for suppl6ment au n02

  1. Prise de suppléments multivitaminiques pour la prévention primaire des anomalies congénitalies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Morin, Pascale; Demers, Karine; Giguère, Christine; Tribble, Denise St-Cyr; Lane, Julie

    2007-01-01

    RÉSUMÉ OBJECTIF Déterminer si les recommandations véhiculées par les professionnels de la santé sur l’importance de l’acide folique encouragent les femmes susceptibles de procréer de prendre les suppléments d’acide folique. CONCEPTION Enquête. CONTEXTE Centre de santé et de services sociaux, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Sherbrooke, à Sherbrooke, Qué. PARTICIPANTS 323 femmes francophones âgées entre 18 et 45 ans. PRINCIPALES MESURES DES RÉSULTATS La consommation de suppléments de vitamines et de minéraux au cours de la dernière année. Des analyses statistiques descriptives et bivariées et une modélisation par régression logistique ont été effectuées pour déterminer si l’association observée entre la recommandation d’un professionnel de la santé et la consommation de vitamines et de minéraux persistait après avoir tenu compte de l’effet des variables de contrôle (consultation de documentation, connaissances, sources d’information, perception, âge, scolarité, revenu, état matrimonial, intention de devenir enceinte). RÉSULTATS Environ 41% des femmes rapportent que leur médecin leur avait recommandé de consommer un supplément de vitamines et de minéraux. Après avoir ajusté toutes les variables dans le modèle, il est apparu que le fait de se faire recommander par un professionnel de la santé de prendre un supplément de vitamines et de minéraux était significativement associé à la consommation de vitamines et de minéraux par les femmes susceptibles de devenir enceintes. CONCLUSION Les professionnels peuvent améliorer la santé de la population par une pratique clinique préventive. Nous soulignons l’importance de soutenir ces derniers dans leurs efforts d’intégrer puis d’appliquer des connaissances scientifiques dans leur pratique. PMID:18077754

  2. RR. PP. A. Jaussen et R. Savignac - Mission archéologique en Arabie (Publication de la Société des fouilles archéologiques, 3 tomes [Tome I : De Jérusalem au Hedjaz Médaine-Saleh (mars-mai 1907, Paris, 1909 ; Tome II : El-'Ela, D'Hégra à Teima, Harrah de Tebouk, Paris, 1914 avec un Atlas (153 planches, cartes et plans et un supplément au volume II : Les coutumes des Fuqarâ ; Tome III : Les châteaux arabes, Quseir 'Amra, Kharâneh et Tûba, Paris, 1922], Paris (P. Geuthner - Le Caire (Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1997 (2ème édition.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Saba Farès-Drappeau

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available Les cinq volumes en trois tomes des Pères Raphaël Savignac (1874-1951 et Antonin Jaussen (1871-1962 furent publiés entre 1909 et 1922 . Ils sont le résultat de leurs missions entreprises en 1907, 1909 et 1910. Les deux premiers tomes relatent le voyage à Madâ’in Sâlih et à al-‘Ulâ, ils sont consacré surtout au récit de voyage, à l'archéologie et à l'épigraphie. Le supplément au tome II contient des notes ethnologiques recueillies au cours de la deuxième expédition, en 1909. Ces notes conce...

  3. Enhanced middle-infrared light transmission through Au/SiO(x)N(y)/Au aperture arrays.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xiao, Gongli; Yao, Xiang; Ji, Xinming; Zhou, Jia; Bao, Zongming; Huang, Yiping

    2011-12-01

    The enhanced middle-infrared light transmission through Au/SiO(x)N(y)/Au aperture arrays by changing the refractive index and the thickness of a dielectric layer was studied experimentally. The results indicated that the transmission spectra was highly dependent on the refractive index and the thickness of SiO(x)N(y). We found that the transmission peaks redshifted regularly along with the refractive index from 1.6 to 1.8, owing to the role of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) coupling in the Au/SiO(x)N(y)/Au cascaded metallic structure. Simultaneously, a higher transmission efficiency and narrower transmission peak was obtained in Au/SiO2.1N0.3/Au cascaded metallic structure with small refractive index (1.6) than in Au/SiO0.6N1/Au cascaded metallic structure with large refractive index (1.8). When the thickness of SiO(x)N(y) changes from 0.2 to 0.4 microm, the shape of transmission spectra exhibits a large change. It was found that a higher transmission efficiency and narrower transmission peak was obtained in Au/SiO(x)N(y)/Au cascaded metallic structure with a thin dielectric film (0.2 microm), with the increase of SiO(x)N(y) film's thickness, the transmission peak gradually widened and disappeared finally. This effect is useful in applications of biochemical sensing and tunable integrated plasmonic devices in the middle-infrared region.

  4. Quelques éléments de l'activité de la Caisse en 2005

    CERN Multimedia

    2006-01-01

    The english version of the article will be available next week Composition du Conseil d'administration (au 31 décembre 2005) Membres J. Bezemer (Suppléant : J.-P. Ruder)E. Chiaveri (Suppléant : T. Lagrange)R. Fischer (Suppléant : K. Banse)J. Lahaye (Suppléant : vacant)P. Levaux (Suppléant : F. Bello)J.-P. Matheys (Suppléante : F. Ranjard)S. Myers (Suppléant : F. Sonnemann)A.J. Naudi (Suppléant : P. Geeraert)I. Seis (Suppléant : G. de la Fuente)M. Vitasse (Suppléant : G. Deroma) Observateur des bénéficiaires J.-F. Barthélemy (Suppléant : F. Wittgenstein) Nommés par Conseil du CERNDirecteur général du CERNDirecteur général de l'ESOélu par les membres de la Caisse Conseil du CERNélu par les membres de la Caisseélu par les membres de la CaisseDirecteur général du CERNélue par les membres de la Caisse Association du personnel du CERN Conseil d'administration en accord avec l'Association du personnel Bureau de la présidence Membres J. Bezemer, Président nommé par le...

  5. Léz-ards plastiques: en arts plastiques, quels sont les éléments nécessaires au développement des enfants de un à cinq ans

    OpenAIRE

    Vianin, Mégane; Rosell-Curty, Catherine

    2016-01-01

    Afin de rédiger ce travail de mémoire sur la thématique des arts plastiques dont la question de départ était formulée ainsi : « En arts plastiques, quels sont les éléments nécessaires au développement des enfants de un à cinq ans ? », deux entretiens ont été menés. À travers cette recherche, il en est ressorti qu’en arts plastiques, les conditions idéales pour parvenir au succès d’une activité ou d’un projet sont les suivantes : préparer le lieu, tenir compte de l’heure, instaurer des ro...

  6. Probing the electronic structure and Au—C chemical bonding in AuCn− and AuCnH− (n = 2, 4, and 6) using high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    León, Iker; Ruipérez, Fernando; Ugalde, Jesus M.; Wang, Lai-Sheng

    2016-01-01

    We report a joint photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical study on AuC 4 − , AuC 6 − , and AuC n H − (n = 2, 4, and 6) using high-resolution photoelectron imaging and ab initio calculations. The ground state of AuC 2 H − , AuC 4 H − , and AuC 6 H − is found to be linear, while that of AuC 4 − and AuC 6 − is bent. All the species are found to be linear in their neutral ground states. The electron affinities (EAs) are measured to be 3.366(1) and 3.593(1) eV for AuC 4 and AuC 6 , respectively. Both bending and stretching frequencies are resolved in the spectra of AuC 4 − and AuC 6 − . High-resolution data of AuC n H − reveal major vibrational progressions in the Au—C stretching and bending modes. AuC 2 H − has a ground state stretching frequency of 445(10) cm −1 and a bending frequency of 260(10) cm −1 ; AuC 4 H − has a ground state stretching frequency of 340(10) cm −1 ; AuC 6 H − has a ground state stretching frequency of 260(10) cm −1 and a bending frequency of 55(10) cm −1 . The EAs are measured to be 1.475(1), 1.778(1), and 1.962(1) eV for AuC 2 H, AuC 4 H, and AuC 6 H, respectively. The strength of the Au—C bond decreases as the number of carbon atoms increases. The current study provides a wealth of electronic structure information about AuC 4 − , AuC 6 − , and AuC n H − (n = 2, 4, and 6) and their corresponding neutrals.

  7. Interacción mente-cuerpo

    OpenAIRE

    Felícitas Kort

    1995-01-01

    Hasta hace poco la civilización occidental afirmaba que la mente estaba en el cerebro, pero a partir del fisiólogo Walter B. Cannon se demuestra que al prepararse el cuerpo para la acción en un situación de estrés aumenta la adrenalina y se afectan el corazón y el aparato digestivo. Es decir, las emociones se traducen en manifestaciones visibles en el cuerpo. Tiempo después el bioquimico Hans Selye comprueba que la respuesta de estrés causa lesiones físicas. Mientras que el neurofisioló...

  8. Contribution des laits de croissance et des compléments à l’adéquation nutritionnelle de régimes alimentaires d’enfants en bas âge. [Role of Young Child Formulae and Supplements to Ensure Nutritional Adequacy in Young Children [1

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chloé M.C. BROUZES

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Introduction. L’autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments (AESA assure que les laits de croissance « n’apportent pas de valeur supplémentaire à une alimentation équilibrée pour répondre aux besoins nutritionnels des enfants en bas âge ». Objectifs. Cette étude quantifie les modifications alimentaires minimales nécessaires pour atteindre l’adéquation nutritionnelle chez des enfants en bas âge selon leur consommation ou non de laits de croissance et/ou de compléments. Méthodologie. L’application de modèles de programmation linéaire aux données de l’enquête alimentaire nationale au Royaume Uni sur les consommations alimentaires de 1147 enfants de 12-18 mois a permis d’identifier les modifications alimentaires minimales nécessaires, d’abord en changeant uniquement les quantités des aliments déjà consommés par chaque enfant (répertoire alimentaire, puis en autorisant l’introduction de nouveaux aliments. Résultats. Le groupe d’enfants ne consommant ni laits de croissance ni compléments était majoritaire (61,6 %. Pour seulement 1% de ces enfants, il était possible d’atteindre l’adéquation nutritionnelle à partir des aliments de leur répertoire alimentaire, contre 74,4% des enfants du groupe consommant des laits de croissance et des compléments. Lorsque l’introduction de nouveaux aliments était autorisée, les changements alimentaires requis étaient moindres lorsque les laits de croissance et les compléments faisaient initialement partie du répertoire de l’enfant. Dans l’échantillon total, les principales modifications alimentaires requises étaient une augmentation du lait de croissance et une diminution du lait de vache (respectivement +226 et −181 g/jour. Conclusions. Augmenter la consommation de lait de croissance et/ou des compléments constitue la voie la plus simple de couverture des recommandations nutritionnelles de l’AESA.

  9. FILOSOFIA DE LA MENTE; APORTES TEORICOS Y EXPERIMENTALES A LA VISIÓN EMERGENTISTA DEL VINCULO MENTE-CEREBRO.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paul Ruiz Santos

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo intenta sumar alprograma emergentista dentro del mapa teórico referido a la Filosofía de la Mente, tomando como referentes a disciplinas y teorías naturalizadas. Algunos puentes vinculantes desde la naturalización pueden ser por ejemplo el neuro-psicoanálisis, las neuronas espejo, la psicosomática, entre otros. Dichos puentes son posibles de ser tendidos a través de la naturalización de los procesos psicológicos vinculándolos a diferentes procesos biológicos. El objetivo del trabajo no pretende obturar los procesos psicológicos a través de la simplificación y reduccionismo de los mismos, ni biologizar la psicología a través de planteos cartesianos. Sino, de la mano de la neuro-fenomenología, acceder a más y nuevas evidencias sobre el vínculo mente-cerebro y sus implicancias aportando a una visión interaccionista y emergentista del vínculo.

  10. Les politiques d’appui à l’agriculture familiale au Brésil : quelques éléments de comparaison avec le Maroc

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Philippe Bonnal

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Au Brésil comme au Maroc, le secteur agricole est marqué par des différences extrêmes en termes de taille d’exploitation, ainsi que de niveaux d’équipement, de capitalisation et de techniques. L’article présente la politique brésilienne d’appui à l’agriculture familiale, et quelques éléments de comparaison avec les choix faits au Maroc. Les politiques agricoles brésiliennes proposent depuis une vingtaine d’années un appui spécifique aux exploitations familiales, avec notamment la constitution d’un ministère spécifique. De nombreux dispositifs d’appui à l’agriculture familiale ont été mis en place, dont notamment des crédits à taux préférentiel et des programmes d’achat de denrées agricoles pour les institutions publiques (écoles, hôpitaux, etc.. Dans les zones rurales particulièrement fragiles, des dispositifs permettent une coordination entre l’ensemble des politiques publiques concernant ces zones. Enfin, la conception et la mise en oeuvre de ces politiques publiques se font avec une forte implication des syndicats agricoles. Les politiques publiques brésiliennes et marocaines reconnaissent la dualité du monde agricole, mais cette dualité est définie par zone au Maroc, tandis qu’elle est fondée sur des caractéristiques explicites des exploitations au Brésil. Dans les deux pays, le coeur des politiques publiques d’appui aux exploitations familiales porte sur l’aide à l’investissement. Au-delà de ce coeur commun, les politiques brésiliennes ont plus spécifiquement développé des approches au niveau des territoires locaux et associent plus fortement qu’au Maroc les organisations professionnelles agricoles représentant l’agriculture familiale dans la conception de l’action publique. La comparaison des politiques agricoles au Maroc et au Brésil sur quelques éléments permet de souligner la forte étendue des choix qu’il est possible de considérer, pour définir des

  11. El cognitivismo y la negación de la mente: influencia del dualismo cartesiano

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    Rodolfo Bächler Silva

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available El cognitivismo, enfoque predominante en psicología y ciencias cognitivas en general, constituye un paradigma de comprensión de la mente que, en apariencia, resulta compatible con los postulados materialistas de la ciencia. De esta forma, pareciera que este enfoque fuese el primer intento plenamente científico, concebido para investigar y desarrollar explicaciones acerca de la mente. Sin embargo, examinados algunos elementos centrales del cognitivismo, puede apreciarse que, en su interior, esta perspectiva contiene una maniobra reduccionista que deja fuera algunos componentes centrales de la psique, continuando, de alguna forma, la histórica tradición cartesiana de negación de la mente como fenómeno físico y natural. En este trabajo, se revisan los postulados centrales del cognitivismo, los cuales son analizados a la luz del dualismo de sustancias de René Descartes, para develar cuánto de esta perspectiva filosófica sigue presente en las nuevas ciencias de la mente, restringiendo nuestra comprensión de los procesos cognitivos.

  12. Thermal neutron calibration of a tritium extraction facility using the 6Li(n,t)4He/197Au(n,γ)198Au cross section ratio for standardization

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bretscher, M.M.; Smith, D.L.

    1980-08-01

    Absolute tritium activities in a neutron-activated metallic lithium samples have been measured by liquid scintillation methods to provide data needed for the determination of capture-to-fission ratios in fast breeder reactor spectra and for recent measurements of the 7 Li(n,n't) 4 He cross section. The tritium extraction facility used for all these experiments has now been calibrated by measuring the 6 Li(n,t) 4 He/ 197 Au/n,γ) 198 Au activity ratio for thermal neutrons and comparing the result with the well-known cross sections. The calculated-to-measured activity ratio was found to be 1.033 +- 0.018. 2 figures, 20 tables

  13. 2690-IJBCS-Article-N'goran David Vincent K

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    hp

    régime fourrager supplémenté par la farine de poisson et/ou du maïs-grain durant le cycle de reproduction. N'Goran David Vincent KOUAKOU* et Yao Brice Savier BROU. Département de Formation et de Recherche Agriculture et Ressources animales, Institut National. Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, B.P. 1313 ...

  14. Measurement of D0 Azimuthal Anisotropy at Midrapidity in Au +Au Collisions at √{sN N }=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Alekseev, I.; Anderson, D. M.; Aoyama, R.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Ashraf, M. U.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bai, X.; Bairathi, V.; Behera, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandenburg, J. D.; Brandin, A. V.; Brown, D.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chankova-Bunzarova, N.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, X.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Elsey, N.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Ewigleben, J.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Federicova, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Z.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Greiner, L.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A. I.; Hamed, A.; Harlenderova, A.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Horvat, S.; Huang, T.; Huang, B.; Huang, X.; Huang, H. Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Huo, P.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jentsch, A.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Jowzaee, S.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kochenda, L.; Kocmanek, M.; Kollegger, T.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulathunga, N.; Kumar, L.; Kvapil, J.; Kwasizur, J. H.; Lacey, R.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, X.; Li, C.; Li, W.; Li, Y.; Lidrych, J.; Lin, T.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, H.; Liu, P.; Liu, Y.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, S.; Luo, X.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, L.; Ma, Y. G.; Ma, R.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Mallick, D.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H. S.; Meehan, K.; Mei, J. C.; Miller, Z. W.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nie, M.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nogach, L. V.; Nonaka, T.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V. A.; Olvitt, D.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pile, P.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Ray, R. L.; Reed, R.; Rehbein, M. J.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Roth, J. D.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Saur, M.; Schambach, J.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Schweid, B. R.; Seger, J.; Sergeeva, M.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M. K.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, Z.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singha, S.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, N.; Smirnov, D.; Solyst, W.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sugiura, T.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, Y.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, X.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A.; Thäder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, G.; Wang, Y.; Wang, F.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, W.; Xie, G.; Xu, J.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, Z.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Q.; Yang, C.; Yang, S.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhou, C.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Z.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2017-05-01

    We report the first measurement of the elliptic anisotropy (v2) of the charm meson D0 at midrapidity (|y |<1 ) in Au +Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV . The measurement was conducted by the STAR experiment at RHIC utilizing a new high-resolution silicon tracker. The measured D0 v2 in 0%-80% centrality Au +Au collisions can be described by a viscous hydrodynamic calculation for a transverse momentum (pT) of less than 4 GeV /c . The D0 v2 as a function of transverse kinetic energy (mT-m0, where mT=√{pT2+m02 }) is consistent with that of light mesons in 10%-40% centrality Au +Au collisions. These results suggest that charm quarks have achieved local thermal equilibrium with the medium created in such collisions. Several theoretical models, with the temperature-dependent, dimensionless charm spatial diffusion coefficient (2 π T Ds) in the range of ˜2 - 12 , are able to simultaneously reproduce our D0 v2 result and our previously published results for the D0 nuclear modification factor.

  15. Bottom-up substitution assembly of AuF4-n0,-+nPO3 (n = 1-4): a theoretical study of novel oxyfluoride hyperhalogen molecules and anions AuF4-n(PO3)n0,-

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Yi-fan; Cui, Zhong-hua; Ding, Yi-hong

    2014-06-01

    Compounds with high electron affinity, i.e. superhalogens, have continued to attract chemists' attention, due to their potential importance in fundamental chemistry and materials science. It has now proven very effective to build up novel superhalogens with multi-positively charged centres, which are usually called 'hyperhalogens'. Herein, using AuF4- and PO3 as the model building blocks, we made the first attempt to design the Au,P-based hyperhalogen anions AuF4-n(PO3)n- (n = 1-4) at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d)&SDD and CCSD(T)/6-311+G(d)&SDD (single-point) levels (6-311+G(d) for O, F, P and SDD for Au). Notably, for all the considered Au,P systems, the ground state bears a dioxo-bonded structure with n ≤ 3, which is significantly more stable than the usually presumed mono-oxo-bonded one. Moreover, the clustering of the -PO3 moieties becomes energetically favoured for n ≥ 3. The ground states of AuP4O120,- are the first reported cage-like oxide hyperhalogens. Thus, the -PO3 moiety cannot be retained during the 'bottom-up' assembly. The vertical detachment energy (VDE) value of the most stable AuF4-n(PO3)n- (n = 1-4) ranges from 7.16 to 8.20 eV, higher than the VDE values of the corresponding building blocks AuF4- (7.08 eV) and PO3- (4.69 eV). The adiabatic detachment energy values of these four hyperhalogens exceed 6.00 eV. Possible generation routes for AuF4-n(PO3)n- (n = 1-4) were discussed. The presently designed oxyfluorides not only enriches the family of hyperhalogens, but also demonstrates the great importance of considering the structural transformation during the superhalogen → hyperhalogen design such as for the present Au-P based systems.

  16. Optimizing Drone Fertility With Spring Nutritional Supplements to Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rousseau, Andrée; Giovenazzo, Pierre

    2016-03-27

    Supplemental feeding of honey bee (Apis melliferaL., Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies in spring is essential for colony buildup in northern apicultural regions. The impact of pollen and syrup feeding on drone production and sperm quality is not well-documented, but may improve fecundation of early-bred queens. We measured the impact of feeding sucrose syrup, and protein supplements to colonies in early spring in eastern Canada. Drones were reared under different nutritional regimes, and mature individuals were then assessed in regard to size, weight, and semen quality (semen volume, sperm count, and viability). Results showed significant increases in drone weight and abdomen size when colonies were fed sucrose and a protein supplement. Colonies receiving no additional nourishment had significantly less semen volume per drone and lower sperm viability. Our study demonstrates that feeding honey bee colonies in spring with sucrose syrup and a protein supplement is important to enhance drone reproductive quality. RÉSUMÉ: L'administration de suppléments alimentaires aux colonies de l'abeille domestique (Apis melliferaL., Hymenoptera: Apidae) au printemps est essentielle pour le bon développement des colonies dans les régions apicoles nordiques. L'impact de la supplémentation des colonies en pollen et en sirop sur la production des faux-bourdons et la qualité du sperme demeure peu documenté mais pourrait résulter en une meilleure fécondation des reines produites tôt en saison. Nous avons mesuré l'impact de la supplémentation en sirop et/ou en supplément de pollen sur les colonies d'abeilles tôt au printemps dans l'est du Canada. Les faux-bourdons ont été élevé sous différents régimes alimentaires et les individus matures ont ensuite été évalués pour leur taille, leur poids ainsi que la qualité de leur sperme (volume de sperme, nombre et viabilité des spermatozoïdes. Les résultats montrent une augmentation significative du poids et de la taille

  17. Concept de service innovant et d'incitation au développement durable: étude de faisabilité d'un système d'échange implémenté au sein d'un réseau de parties prenantes

    OpenAIRE

    Nginamau, Maria Prisca Mbuilu; Fragnière, Emmanuel; Place, Christophe

    2014-01-01

    implémenté au sein d’un réseau de parties prenantes. En réaction à la crise financière de 2008 et après un vote unanime le 29 mai 2013 à l’Assemblée Générale d’APRÈS-GE, qui regroupe près de 250 membres, la Chambre de l’Économie Sociale et Solidaire a décidé de coopérer dans le processus de création d’une monnaie complémentaire porté par le groupe Monnaie Grand Genève ou Grand Genève : une monnaie solidaire et APRÈS-GE, comptant près de 70 personnes bénévoles actives. Ce projet débutera effec...

  18. Crystal structure and optical property of complex perovskite oxynitrides ALi0.2Nb0.8O2.8N0.2, ANa0.2Nb0.8O2.8N0.2, and AMg0.2Nb0.8O2.6N0.4 (A = Sr, Ba)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moon, Keon Ho; Avdeev, Maxim; Kim, Young-Il

    2017-10-01

    Oxynitride type complex perovskites AM0.2Nb0.8O3-xNx (A = Sr, Ba; M = Li, Na, Mg) were newly synthesized by the solid state diffusion of Li+, Na+, or Mg2+ into the layered oxide, A5Nb4O15, with concurrent O/N substitution. Neutron and synchrotron X-ray Rietveld refinement showed that SrLi0.2Nb0.8O2.8N0.2, SrNa0.2Nb0.8O2.8N0.2, and SrMg0.2Nb0.8O2.6N0.4 had body-centered tetragonal symmetry (I4/mcm), while those with A = Ba had simple cubic symmetry (Pm 3 ̅ m). In the tetragonal Sr-compounds, the nitrogen atoms were localized on the c-axial 4a site. However, the octahedral cations, M/Nb (M = Li, Na, Mg) were distributed randomly in all six compounds. The lattice volume of AM0.2Nb0.8O3-xNx was dependent on various factors including the type of A and the electronegativity of M. Compared to the simple perovskites, ANbO2N (A = Sr, Ba), AM0.2Nb0.8O3-xNx had wider band gaps (1.76-2.15 eV for A = Sr and 1.65-2.10 eV for A = Ba), but significantly lower sub-gap absorption.

  19. Fabrication of the heterostructured CsTaWO{sub 6}/Au/g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} hybrid photocatalyst with enhanced performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production from water

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lang, Junyu; Liu, Mengqing; Su, Yiguo; Yan, Lijuan; Wang, Xiaojing, E-mail: wang_xiao_jing@hotmail.com

    2015-12-15

    Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • A novel ternary CsTaWO{sub 6}/Au/g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} hybrid photocatalyst was successfully fabricated. • Au particles act as an electron-conduction bridge between the heterostructure. • The photoctalytic hydrogen generation was promoted by the SPR of the Au. • CsTaWO{sub 6}/Au/g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} shows significant photocatalytic activity in H{sub 2} generation. - Abstract: In this work, a novel CsTaWO{sub 6}/Au/g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} hybrid photocatalyst is successfully fabricated. The photocatalytic performance of the heterostructured CsTaWO{sub 6}/Au/g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} composite was investigated. Au nanoparticles were photo-deposited as the interlayer between g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} and the surface of CsTaWO{sub 6}, which can facilitate the photoinduced electrons migration as an electron-conduction bridge as well as increase visible-light absorption via the surface plasmon resonance. This heterostructured interface bridging by Au particles may significantly retard the recombination of electron–holes, which is beneficial to promote the photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation. It is found the CsTaWO{sub 6}/Au/g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} sample showed excellent photocatalytic activity of water splitting, even higher than the sum of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} and Au/CsTaWO{sub 6} samples, or the sum of CsTaWO{sub 6} and Au/g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} samples. It indicates that the heterostructured combination of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} and CsTaWO{sub 6} bridging by Au particles provided the synergistic photocatalytic activity driving by solar light through an efficient electron transfer process.

  20. Elliptic flow of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays in Au + Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 , 62.4, and 39 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Alekseev, I.; Anderson, D. M.; Aoyama, R.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Ashraf, M. U.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bai, X.; Bairathi, V.; Behera, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandenburg, J. D.; Brandin, A. V.; Brown, D.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chankova-Bunzarova, N.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, X.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Elsey, N.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Ewigleben, J.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Federicova, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Z.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A. I.; Hamed, A.; Harlenderova, A.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Horvat, S.; Huang, H. Z.; Huang, X.; Huang, B.; Huang, T.; Humanic, T. J.; Huo, P.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jentsch, A.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Jowzaee, S.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kochenda, L.; Kocmanek, M.; Kollegger, T.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulathunga, N.; Kumar, L.; Kvapil, J.; Kwasizur, J. H.; Lacey, R.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, X.; Li, C.; Li, Y.; Li, W.; Lidrych, J.; Lin, T.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, P.; Liu, Y.; Liu, F.; Liu, H.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, X.; Luo, S.; Ma, Y. G.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Ma, G. L.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Mallick, D.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H. S.; Meehan, K.; Mei, J. C.; Miller, Z. W.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nie, M.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nogach, L. V.; Nonaka, T.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V. A.; Olvitt, D.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pile, P.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Ray, R. L.; Reed, R.; Rehbein, M. J.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Roth, J. D.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Saur, M.; Schambach, J.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Schweid, B. R.; Seger, J.; Sergeeva, M.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, M. K.; Sharma, A.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, Z.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singha, S.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, N.; Smirnov, D.; Solyst, W.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sugiura, T.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, Y.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, X.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A.; Thäder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, G.; Wang, Y.; Wang, F.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, W.; Xie, G.; Xu, J.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, W.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, Z.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Q.; Yang, C.; Yang, S.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhou, C.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Z.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2017-03-01

    We present measurements of elliptic flow (v2) of electrons from the decays of heavy-flavor hadrons (eHF) by the STAR experiment. For Au+Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV we report v2, for transverse momentum (pT) between 0.2 and 7 GeV /c , using three methods: the event plane method (v2{EP } ), two-particle correlations (v2{2 } ), and four-particle correlations (v2{4 } ). For Au+Au collisions at √{sN N}=62.4 and 39 GeV we report v2{2 } for pT<2 GeV /c . v2{2 } and v2{4 } are nonzero at low and intermediate pT at 200 GeV, and v2{2 } is consistent with zero at low pT at other energies. The v2{2 } at the two lower beam energies is systematically lower than at √{sN N}=200 GeV for pT<1 GeV /c . This difference may suggest that charm quarks interact less strongly with the surrounding nuclear matter at those two lower energies compared to √{sN N}=200 GeV.

  1. Gold(I) Complexes with N-Donor Ligands. 2.(1) Reactions of Ammonium Salts with [Au(acac-kappaC(2))(PR(3))] To Give [Au(NH(3))L](+), [(AuL)(2)(&mgr;(2)-NH(2))](+), [(AuL)(4)(&mgr;(4)-N)](+), or [(AuL)(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)](+). A New and Facile Synthesis of [Au(NH(3))(2)](+) Salts. Crystal Structure of [{AuP(C(6)H(4)OMe-4)(3)}(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)]CF(3)SO(3).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vicente, José; Chicote, María-Teresa; Guerrero, Rita; Jones, Peter G.; Ramírez De Arellano, M. Carmen

    1997-09-24

    The complexes [Au(acac-kappaC(2))(PR(3))] (acac = acetylacetonate, R = Ph, C(6)H(4)OMe-4) react with (NH(4))ClO(4) to give amminegold(I), [Au(NH(3))(PR(3))]ClO(4), amidogold(I), [(AuPR(3))(2)(&mgr;(2)-NH(2))]ClO(4), or nitridogold(I), [(AuPR(3))(4)(&mgr;(4)-N)]ClO(4), complexes, depending on the reaction conditions. Similarly, [Au(acac-kappaC(2))(PPh(3))] reacts with (NH(3)R')OTf (OTf = CF(3)SO(3)) (1:1) or with [H(3)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2)]OTf (1:1) to give (amine)gold(I) complexes [Au(NH(2)R')(PPh(3))]OTf (R' = Me, C(6)H(4)NO(2)-4) or [(AuPPh(3))(2){&mgr;(2)-H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2)}](OTf)(2), respectively. The ammonium salts (NH(2)R'(2))OTf (R' = Et, Ph) react with [Au(acac-kappaC(2))(PR(3))] (R = Ph, C(6)H(4)OMe-4) (1:2) to give, after hydrolysis, the oxonium salts [(AuPR(3))(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)]OTf (R = Ph, C(6)H(4)OMe-4). When NH(3) is bubbled through a solution of [AuCl(tht)] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene), the complex [Au(NH(3))(2)]Cl precipitates. Addition of [Au(NH(3))(2)]Cl to a solution of AgClO(4) or TlOTf leads to the isolation of [Au(NH(3))(2)]ClO(4) or [Au(NH(3))(2)]OTf, respectively. The crystal structure of [(AuPR(3))(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)]OTf.Me(2)CO (R = C(6)H(4)OMe-4) has been determined: triclinic, space group P&onemacr;, a = 14.884(3) Å, b = 15.828(3) Å, c = 16.061(3) Å, alpha = 83.39(3) degrees, beta = 86.28(3) degrees, gamma = 65.54(3) degrees, R1 (wR2) = 0.0370 (0.0788). The [(AuPR(3))(3)(&mgr;(3)-O)](+) cation shows an essentially trigonal pyramidal array of three gold atoms and one oxygen atom with O-Au-P bond angles of ca. 175 degrees and Au.Au contacts in the range 2.9585(7)-3.0505(14) Å. These cations are linked into centrosymmetric dimers through two short Au.Au [2.9585(7), 3.0919(9) Å] contacts. The gold atoms of the dimer form a six-membered ring with a chair conformation.

  2. Autopistas: AU-1 25 de Mayo y AU-6 Perito Moreno

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Editorial, Equipo

    1981-02-01

    Full Text Available Highways AU-1 and AU-6, approximately 17 km. long, were constructed for the purpose of solving the serious traffic problems in Buenos Aires, a city of nine million inhabitants and an evergrowing number of cars. A computer program was created for the design based on the geometric shape of the highway and the position of the supports. Using this, all elements composing the structure were calculated and the framework was sized. This programme made it possible to complete a stretch of 150 metres per week. The very rapid construction was carried out through self-supporting arches made of metallic beams held in place by brackets. The brackets were fitted in specially designed grooves in the major supports of the highway.

    Las autopistas AU-1 y AU-6, con una longitud aproximada de 17 km, se realizaron con objeto de resolver el grave problema de infraestructura vial del Municipio de Buenos Aires, ciudad de nueve millones de habitantes y con un parque de vehículos en rápido crecimiento. Para el proyecto se creó un programa de ordenador con el que, partiendo de la definición geométrica de la autopista y de la posición de las pilas, se calculan todos los elementos que componen la estructura y se dimensionan las armaduras. Este programa permitió proyectar un tramo (150 m por semana. La construcción, a un ritmo muy rápido, se llevó a cabo mediante cimbras autoportantes compuestas por vigas metálicas apoyadas sobre ménsulas, las cuales a su vez apoyan en unos nichos dejados en las pilas.

  3. Sports d’aventure et tourisme au début de la construction européenne en Pyrénées

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André Suchet

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Organisés au printemps 1993 sur la frontière entre la France et l’Espagne, les Jeux Pyrénéens de l’Aventure, ou los Juegos Pirenaicos de la Aventura, réunirent plus de 1 000 athlètes venus de 26 pays du monde sous les yeux de 21 000 visiteurs. Olympiade des sports d’aventure et de nature patronnée par le CIO, les épreuves se déroulèrent dans la vallée d’Aure en France (département des Hautes-Pyrénées et le Sobrarbe en Espagne (province de Huesca. Cet article analyse la gouvernance de cette compétition sportive internationale. Plus précisément, cette étude de cas permet d’interroger les modalités d’organisation d’un projet transfrontalier au début des années 1990. Quels sont les différents échanges politiques, sociaux et culturels entre les vallées sur le plan du sport et du tourisme en Pyrénées ? Les résultats montrent un fonctionnement parallèle d’une organisation française et d’une organisation espagnole plutôt qu’un travail de terrain en commun. Division du travail qui permettait de contourner le problème de la langue. La dimension transfrontalière, présente dans cette olympiade de l’aventure en 1993, résulte en fait des pressions de la DATAR au tout début du projet, c’est-à-dire précisément en octobre 1989. Par cet aspect, les Jeux Pyrénéens de l’Aventure 1993 apparaissent le témoin d’une Europe politique en construction au lendemain de 1989.

  4. Cluster-to-cluster transformation among Au6, Au8 and Au11 nanoclusters.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ren, Xiuqing; Fu, Junhong; Lin, Xinzhang; Fu, Xuemei; Yan, Jinghui; Wu, Ren'an; Liu, Chao; Huang, Jiahui

    2018-05-22

    We present the cluster-to-cluster transformations among three gold nanoclusters, [Au6(dppp)4]2+ (Au6), [Au8(dppp)4Cl2]2+ (Au8) and [Au11(dppp)5]3+ (Au11). The conversion process follows a rule that states that the transformation of a small cluster to a large cluster is achieved through an oxidation process with an oxidizing agent (H2O2) or with heating, while the conversion of a large cluster to a small one occurs through a reduction process with a reducing agent (NaBH4). All the reactions were monitored using UV-Vis spectroscopy and ESI-MS. This work may provide an alternative approach to the synthesis of novel gold nanoclusters and a further understanding of the structural transformation relationship of gold nanoclusters.

  5. Collision geometry scaling of Au+Au pseudorapidity density from √(sNN )=19.6 to 200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Budzanowski, A.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Heintzelman, G. A.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Katzy, J.; Khan, N.; Kucewicz, W.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; McLeod, D.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Remsberg, L. P.; Reuter, M.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rosenberg, L.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sawicki, P.; Skulski, W.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S.; Sukhanov, A.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tang, J.-L.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Verdier, R.; Wolfs, F. L.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wuosmaa, A. H.; Wysłouch, B.

    2004-08-01

    The centrality dependence of the midrapidity charged particle multiplicity in Au+Au heavy-ion collisions at √(sNN )=19.6 and 200 GeV is presented. Within a simple model, the fraction of hard (scaling with number of binary collisions) to soft (scaling with number of participant pairs) interactions is consistent with a value of x=0.13±0.01 (stat) ±0.05 (syst) at both energies. The experimental results at both energies, scaled by inelastic p ( p¯ ) +p collision data, agree within systematic errors. The ratio of the data was found not to depend on centrality over the studied range and yields a simple linear scale factor of R200/19.6 =2.03±0.02 (stat) ±0.05 (syst) .

  6. La evolución de la noción de mente y sus efectos en el desarrollo de la terapia cognitiva chilena

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Augusto Zagmutt Cahbar

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Se aborda el desarrollo y evolución de las terapias cognitivas desde la perspectiva del desarrollo de la historia de las ideas acerca de la mente desde una visión más pasiva de ésta hasta la concepción motora de la mente a la cual adscriben los enfoques constructivistas. Se describe la manera en que estos desarrollos afectaron la evolución de los modelos terapéuticos en nuestro país y como contribuciones propias del trabajo científico chileno aportaron a su vez a esta evolución en términos de complejidad.

  7. Evaluation of cross sections for 197Au(n,3n) and 197Au(n,4n) reactions from threshold to 50 MeV

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yu Baosheng; Shen Qingbiao; Cai Dunjiu

    1994-01-01

    The measured data of cross sections for 197 Au(n,3n) and 197 Au(n,4n) reactions were collected and analysed. The theoretical calculations of above mentioned reactions were carried out to predict the data in higher energy region. The sets of cross sections for 197 Au(n,3n) and 197 Au(n,4n) reactions from threshold to 50 MeV were recommended on the basis of the experimental and calculated data. (2 figs)

  8. Effect of oviduct epithelial cells on the fertilization and development of sheep oocytes in vitro

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Holm, Peter; Irvine, Brendon J.; Armstrong, David T.

    1994-01-01

    The study examined whether co-culture with oviductal epithelial cells was of benefit to ovine in vitro fertilization ( IVF) and embryo culture procedures utilizing ·a well charac- terized culture system based on a synthetic oviductal fluid medium (SOFM) supple- mented with serum in a 90% N2, 5% 0 2......, 5% C02, atmosphere at 38.6°C. Two experiments were carried out. In Experiment 1, comparison was made between the frequency of fertil- ization and development of in vitro matured ( IVM) oocytes cultured in the absence (Group 1) or presence of oviductal cells for a 24 h (Group 2), 48 h (Group 3) or 96...... h (Group 4) period post insemination. In Experiment 2, comparison was made between the develop- ment of IVM oocytes fertilized and cultured in vitro for 7. 5 days in the absence or presence of oviductal cells with IVM oocytes which had been fertilized in vitro for 20 h in the pres- ence of oviductal...

  9. Optimisation of the Ti/Al/Ni/Au ohmic contact on AlGaN/GaN FET structures

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Jacobs, B.; Krämer, M.C.J.C.M.; Geluk, E.J.; Karouta, F.

    2002-01-01

    We present a systematic approach to reduce the resistance of ohmic contacts on AlGaN/GaN FET structures. We have optimised the Ti/Al/Ni/Au contact with respect to the metal composition and annealing conditions. Our optimised contact has a very low contact resistance of 0.2 ohm mm (7.3 x 10^-7 ohm

  10. Agriculture et environnement | Page 5 | CRDI - Centre de ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'élevage du poisson dans les rizières apporte aux agriculteurs de l'Asie une importante source de protéines, ainsi qu'un supplément de revenu. Rice-Fish Culture in China constitue ... L'agriculture est une activité essentielle au développement durable et solidaire de l'Amérique latine. Les pauvres des milieux ruraux tirent ...

  11. Teoria da mente, empatia e motivação pró-social em crianças pré-escolares Teoría de la mente, empatía y motivación prosocial en niños preescolares Theory of mind, empathy and prosocial motivation in preschool children

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriela Pavarini

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available Há divergências entre os pesquisadores da área de desenvolvimento sociocognitivo sobre os fatores relacionados ao desenvolvimento da empatia e da motivação para agir pró-socialmente. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar se a aquisição de uma teoria da mente está associada à habilidade de compartilhar emoções e à motivação pró-social nos anos pré-escolares. Trinta e sete crianças com idade entre 4 e 6 anos participaram de tarefas de teoria da mente e de uma tarefa de empatia e motivação pró-social criada para este estudo. Os resultados não indicaram uma correlação significativa entre o desempenho nas tarefas de teoria da mente e o grau de empatia das crianças. A motivação pró-social, por outro lado, foi significativamente associada à teoria da mente. Os resultados sugerem que uma compreensão mais sofisticada dos estados mentais subjacentes às ações humanas não seja pré-requisito para uma resposta emocional empática, mas possa influenciar positivamente o comportamento pró-social.Hay discordancia entre investigadores del campo de desarrollo socio-cognitivo cuanto a los factores relacionados al desarrollo de la empatía y de la motivación para actuar de manera prosocial. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue averiguar si la adquisición de una teoría de la mente está asociada con la habilidad de compartir las emociones y con la motivación prosocial en los años preescolares. Treinta y siete niños entre 4 y 6 años de edad participaron de tareas sobre la teoría de la mente y en una tarea, diseñada para la presente investigación, para evaluar empatía y motivación prosocial. Los resultados no indicaron una correlación significante entre el desempeño en las tareas de la teoría de la mente y el nivel de empatía de niños. La motivación prosocial, por otro lado, se correlacionó significativamente con la teoría de la mente. Los resultados sugirieron que un entendimiento más sofisticado

  12. A density functional theory study on structures, stabilities, and electronic and magnetic properties of Au{sub n}C (n = 1–9) clusters

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hou, Xiao-Fei; Yan, Li-Li; Huang, Teng; Hong, Yu; Miao, Shou-Kui [Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics & Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031 (China); Peng, Xiu-Qiu [School of Environmental Science & Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 (China); Liu, Yi-Rong, E-mail: liuyirong@aiofm.ac.cn [Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics & Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031 (China); Huang, Wei, E-mail: huangwei6@ustc.edu.cn [Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics & Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031 (China); School of Environmental Science & Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 (China)

    2016-06-15

    The equilibrium geometric structures, relative stabilities, electronic stabilities, and electronic and magnetic properties of the Au{sub n}C and Au{sub n+1} (n = 1–9) clusters are systematically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) with hyper-generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The optimized geometries show that one Au atom added to the Au{sub n−1}C cluster is the dominant growth pattern for the Au{sub n}C clusters. In contrast to the pure gold clusters, the Au{sub n}C clusters are most stable in a quasi-planar or three-dimensional (3D) structure because the C dopant induces the local non-planarity, with exceptions of the Au{sub 6,8}C clusters who have 2D structures. The analysis of the relative and electronic stabilities reveals that the Au{sub 4}C and Au{sub 6} clusters are the most stable in the series of studied clusters, respectively. In addition, a natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis shows that the charges in the Au{sub n}C clusters transfer from the Au{sub n} host to the C atom. Moreover, the Au and C atoms interact with each other mostly via covalent bond rather than ionic bond, which can be confirmed through the average ionic character of the Au–C bond. Meanwhile, the charges mainly transfer between 2s and 2p orbitals within the C atom, and among 5d, 6s, and 6p orbitals within the Au atom for the Au{sub n}C clusters. As for the magnetic properties of the Au{sub n}C clusters, the total magnetic moments are 1 μ{sub B} for n = odd clusters, with the total magnetic moments mainly locating on the C atoms for Au{sub 1,3,9}C and on the Au{sub n} host for Au{sub 5,7}C clusters. However, the total magnetic moments of the Au{sub n}C clusters are zero for n = even clusters. Simultaneously, the magnetic moments mainly locate on the 2p orbital within the C atom and on the 5d, 6s orbitals within the Au atom.

  13. Contribution des éléments de transition à la compréhension de la génèse des basaltes océaniques. Analyse des éléments traces dans les roches par spectrométrie de fluorescence X

    OpenAIRE

    Bougault, Henri

    1980-01-01

    En insistant sur les limites de la définition d'un élément trace et sur les hypothèses nécessaires à l'élaboration des modèles classiques de fusion partielle et de cristallisation fractionnée, le premier chapitre sert d'introduction générale. Le deuxième chapitre traite des propriétés des éléments de transition vis à vis des partages minéraux - liquides silicatés. Les chapitres III, éléments à forts coefficients de partage, et IV, éléments à faibles coefficients de partage, sont consacr...

  14. Comprensión de la mente, competencia emocional y empatía. Relación con la aceptación entre iguales y con la percepción sociométrica

    OpenAIRE

    Grajales-Canabal, Angi-Estefan

    2016-01-01

    En esta investigación se ha querido comprobar si la Teoría de la Mente, que es la atribución de estados mentales, se encuentra relacionada con la Inteligencia Emocional y, a su vez, si la Empatía está relacionada con la Teoría de la Mente y la Inteligencia Emocional. Además, se ha analizado si se observan diferencias de género en cada una de ellas, y se ha querido evaluar si estas tres variables están relacionadas con el estatus sociométrico que presenta el niño en su grupo de iguales. La mue...

  15. Cross section of the 197Au(n,2n196Au reaction

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kalamara A.

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The 197Au(n,2n196Au reaction cross section has been measured at two energies, namely at 17.1 MeV and 20.9 MeV, by means of the activation technique, relative to the 27Al(n,α24Na reference reaction cross section. Quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams were produced at the 5.5 MV Tandem T11/25 accelerator laboratory of NCSR “Demokritos”, by means of the 3H(d,n4He reaction, implementing a new Ti-tritiated target of ∼ 400 GBq activity. The induced γ-ray activity at the targets and reference foils has been measured with HPGe detectors. The cross section for the population of the second isomeric (12− state m2 of 196Au was independently determined. Auxiliary Monte Carlo simulations were performed using the MCNP code. The present results are in agreement with previous experimental data and with theoretical calculations of the measured reaction cross sections, which were carried out with the use of the EMPIRE code.

  16. Electrical investigation of the Au/n+–GaAs and Au/n-porous GaAs structures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saghrouni, H.; Hannachi, R.; Jomni, S.; Beji, L.

    2013-01-01

    The electrical properties of Au/n + –GaAs and Au/n-porous GaAs metal–semiconductor structures were investigated using room temperature current–voltage I(V) and capacitance–voltage C(V) measurements. The electrical parameters of these structures such as ideality factor, barrier height potential, series resistance have been calculated. The obtained parameters of Au/n-porous GaAs structure were discussed and compared to those of Au/n + –GaAs structure. The series resistances and ideality factors of the two structures were seen to have approximately the same values. Furthermore, the shunt resistance and the barrier height potential values for the Au/n-porous GaAs structure were found to be different than the ones of Au/n + –GaAs structure. Furthermore the two structures showed a non-ideal I(V) behavior with an ideality factor greater than unity. Such non ideal behavior was suggested to be due to the existence of high density of trap and the forward I(V) characteristics which were governed by space charge limited conductivity, characterized by single and exponential trapping levels in both structures (SCLC). A model based upon TFE tunneling of carriers at reverse current was used to explain the non-saturation of reverse current of the structures. The high frequency C(V) characteristics of the structure reveal the presence of an anomalous behavior at the forward bias. Though the capacitance reaches a peak, it remarkably decreases with an increasing bias voltage suggested by the presence of interface states. Furthermore, the energy distribution of interface density in the structures was determined by the forward bias C(V) measurement as well as using ideality factor and barrier height potential values obtained from forward bias I(V) and reverse bias C −2 (V) characteristics, respectively. An estimated energy band diagram for the Au/n + –GaAs and Au/n-porous GaAs structures are presented

  17. Some Peculiarities in the Interaction of $^{6}$He with $^{197}$Au and $^{206}$Pb

    CERN Document Server

    Penionzhkevich, Yu E; Demekhina, N A; Dlouhý, Z; Kalpakchieva, R; Kulko, A A; Lobastov, S P; Lukyanov, S M; Markaryan, E R; Maslov, V A; Muzycjka, Yu A; Oganessian, Yu T; Rassadov, D N; Skobelev, N K; Sobolev, Yu G; Ugryumov, V Yu; Vincour, J; Zholdybaev, T

    2005-01-01

    Excitation functions were measured for fusion followed by the evaporation of neutrons in the reactions $^{206}$Pb($^{6}$He, 2$n$)$^{210}$Po and $^{197}$Au($^{6}$He, $xn$)$^{203 - xn}$Tl, where $x$ = 2-7, as well as for the transfer reactions on a $^{197}$Au target with the formation of the $^{196}$Au, $^{198}$Au and $^{199}$Au isotopes. The experiment was carried out at the Dubna Radioactive Ion Beams (DRIBs) complex of FLNR, JINR. The $^{6}$He-beam intensity was about 5$\\cdot$10$^{6 }$ s$^{-1}$, the maximum energy being (60.3$\\pm $0.4) MeV. A significant increase in the cross section was observed below the Coulomb barrier for the fusion reaction with the evaporation of two neutrons compared to statistical model calculations. Unusual behaviour for the production of $^{198}$Au is observed, whereas the cross section for the formation of $^{199}$Au is very low. The analysis of the data in the framework of the statistical model for the decay of excited nuclei, which took into account the sequential fusion of $^{6...

  18. suppl.docx

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Ritu Gupta

    The Au content in PDMS is determined by the concentration of Au precursor that gets fully consumed on reaction with PDMS by UV–vis spectroscopy. The concentration of KAuCl4 solution is estimated from the calibration curve shown above. Figure S2 The optical photograph of Au-PDMS nanocomposite (a) without ethanol ...

  19. TEORÍA DE LA MENTE EN NIÑOS PREESCOLARES: DIFERENCIAS ENTRE SEXOS Y CAPACIDAD DE MEMORIA DE TRABAJO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael Padilla-Mora

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available La teoría de la mente refiere a la habilidad para predecir y explicar el comportamiento de los demás, haciendo referencia a sus estados mentales internos, y es considerada como un aspecto fundamental del desarrollo cognitivo durante los años preescolares. Por otra parte, la capacidad de memoria de trabajo es un sistema que permite mantener en mente un determinado número de representaciones de manera simultánea, y también constituye una habilidad central para el desarrollo cognitivo de la población preescolar. En esta investigación se analizan las relaciones entre el desarrollo de la teoría de la mente y la capacidad de memoria de trabajo en 60 niños y niñas preescolares de entre 5 y 7 años, enfatizando posibles diferencias asociadas con el sexo de los participantes. Para la evaluación de la teoría de la mente se utilizaron 6 pruebas de falsa-creencia, mientras la capacidad de memoria de trabajo fue evaluada por medio de 2 tareas de señalamiento autoordenado. Los resultados revelan diferencias entre los sexos en el desarrollo de la teoría de la mente, y descartan la asociación entre esa misma habilidad y la capacidad de memoria de trabajo. Estos hallazgos se discuten en el contexto del debate actual respecto al de sarrollo de la teoría de la mente y las diferencias entre los sexos en el desarrollo cognitivo.

  20. GILLES CLÉMENT: MANIFIESTO DEL TERCER PAISAJE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Iñigo García-Odiaga

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN El pequeño libro que contiene el Manifiesto del Tercer Paisaje de Gilles Clément, parece intentar ocultar en la sencillez de su edición la revolución teórica y práctica que va desgranando el texto. Teórica por que centra la mirada sobre unos territorios abandonados, inciertos y desdibujados que el autor es capaz de clasificar, determinar y analizar. Y práctica porque planteadas las virtudes de estos territorios ocultos, apuesta por su confirmación y mantenimiento de forma precisa. Finalmente sólo cabe preguntarse si estas mismas reflexiones que Clément centra en el paisaje, no son también un camino posible para entender algunos de los interrogantes que plantea la ciudad contemporánea.

  1. Electrical investigation of the Au/n{sup +}–GaAs and Au/n-porous GaAs structures

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Saghrouni, H.; Hannachi, R. [Université de Sousse. Laboratoire Energie-Matériaux. Equipe de recherche caractérisations optoélectronique et spectroscopique des matériaux et nanomatériaux pour les télécommunications et capteurs, ISITCOM, 4011 Hammam Sousse (Tunisia); Jomni, S. [Laboratoire Matériaux, Organization et Propriétés, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis (Tunisia); Beji, L., E-mail: lotbej_fr@yahoo.fr [Université de Sousse. Laboratoire Energie-Matériaux. Equipe de recherche caractérisations optoélectronique et spectroscopique des matériaux et nanomatériaux pour les télécommunications et capteurs, ISITCOM, 4011 Hammam Sousse (Tunisia)

    2013-08-01

    The electrical properties of Au/n{sup +}–GaAs and Au/n-porous GaAs metal–semiconductor structures were investigated using room temperature current–voltage I(V) and capacitance–voltage C(V) measurements. The electrical parameters of these structures such as ideality factor, barrier height potential, series resistance have been calculated. The obtained parameters of Au/n-porous GaAs structure were discussed and compared to those of Au/n{sup +}–GaAs structure. The series resistances and ideality factors of the two structures were seen to have approximately the same values. Furthermore, the shunt resistance and the barrier height potential values for the Au/n-porous GaAs structure were found to be different than the ones of Au/n{sup +}–GaAs structure. Furthermore the two structures showed a non-ideal I(V) behavior with an ideality factor greater than unity. Such non ideal behavior was suggested to be due to the existence of high density of trap and the forward I(V) characteristics which were governed by space charge limited conductivity, characterized by single and exponential trapping levels in both structures (SCLC). A model based upon TFE tunneling of carriers at reverse current was used to explain the non-saturation of reverse current of the structures. The high frequency C(V) characteristics of the structure reveal the presence of an anomalous behavior at the forward bias. Though the capacitance reaches a peak, it remarkably decreases with an increasing bias voltage suggested by the presence of interface states. Furthermore, the energy distribution of interface density in the structures was determined by the forward bias C(V) measurement as well as using ideality factor and barrier height potential values obtained from forward bias I(V) and reverse bias C{sup −2}(V) characteristics, respectively. An estimated energy band diagram for the Au/n{sup +}–GaAs and Au/n-porous GaAs structures are presented.

  2. Teoría de la mente: una revisión acerca del desarrollo del concepto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Santiago Uribe Ortiz

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available El término “Teoría de la Mente” se refiere a una habilidad cognitiva compleja, que permite que un individuo atribuya estados mentales a sí mismo y a otros. Es un sistema de conocimientos que permite inferir creencias, deseos, sentimientos, y de esta manera conseguir interpretar, explicar o comprender los comportamientos propios y de otros, así como predecirlos y controlarlos. Para cumplir con el objetivo propuesto de exponer el desarrollo del término, se abordarán teóricos que precedieron el concepto y otros posteriores a su desarrollo.. Todos ellos han colaborado de manera directa o indirecta a la consolidación y desarrollo de esta propuesta teórica. La Teoría de la Mente ha sido objeto de un considerable esfuerzo de investigación y se ha convertido en un importante constructo teórico que ha dado lugar a una serie de posturas que la caracterizan, dentro de las cuales se encuentran: teoría-teoría; teorías de módulos innatos, teorías de simulación, la construcción social de la mente y teorías neurobiológicas. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.

  3. La mente nuova dell'imperatore

    CERN Document Server

    Penrose, Roger

    1992-01-01

    Mente umana e intelligenza artificiale: si tratta di due realtà comparabili? A quali leggi della fisica (classica o quantistica) obbedisce la nostra mente? Un giorno i computer potranno ragionare esattamente come noi? In questo libro di divulgazione scientifica, che al suo apparire ha provocato vivaci polemiche, l'autore afferma che la "mente nuova", che l'intelligenza artificiale sostiene di poterci dare, è qualcosa di profondamente diverso dalla mente dell'uomo.

  4. Christo Deltshev & Pavel Stoev (eds) (2006): European Arachnology 2005, Acta zoologica bulgaria, Suppl. No. 1; Proceedings of the 22nd European Colloquium of Arachnology, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, 1-6 August 2005

    OpenAIRE

    Kunz, Dirk

    2006-01-01

    book review: Christo Deltshev & Pavel Stoev (eds) (2006): European Arachnology 2005, Acta zoologica bulgaria, Suppl. No. 1; Proceedings of the 22nd European Colloquium of Arachnology, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, 1-6 August 2005

  5. Turbulent Heating between 0.2 and 1 au: A Numerical Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Montagud-Camps, Victor; Grappin, Roland; Verdini, Andrea

    2018-02-01

    The heating of the solar wind is key to understanding its dynamics and acceleration process. The observed radial decrease of the proton temperature in the solar wind is slow compared to the adiabatic prediction, and it is thought to be caused by turbulent dissipation. To generate the observed 1/R decrease, the dissipation rate has to reach a specific level that varies in turn with temperature, wind speed, and heliocentric distance. We want to prove that MHD turbulent simulations can lead to the 1/R profile. We consider here the slow solar wind, characterized by a quasi-2D spectral anisotropy. We use the expanding box model equations, which incorporate into 3D MHD equations the expansion due to the mean radial wind, allowing us to follow the plasma evolution between 0.2 and 1 au. We vary the initial parameters: Mach number, expansion parameter, plasma β, and properties of the energy spectrum as the spectral range and slope. Assuming turbulence starts at 0.2 au with a Mach number equal to unity, with a 3D spectrum mainly perpendicular to the mean field, we find radial temperature profiles close to 1/R on average. This is done at the price of limiting the initial spectral extent, corresponding to the small number of modes in the inertial range available, due to the modest Reynolds number reachable with high Mach numbers.

  6. Composite Fe - BaCe0.2Zr0.6Y0.2O2.9 Anodes for Proton Conductor Fuel Cells

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lapina, Alberto; Chatzichristodoulou, Christodoulos; Holtappels, Peter

    2014-01-01

    Symmetrical cells with Fe - BaCe0.2Zr0.6Y0.2O2.9 composite electrodes are produced by screen printing and infiltration, using BaCe0.2Zr0.6Y0.2O2.9 as electrolyte. The electrochemical performance of the composite electrode is studied by impedance spectroscopy at 250–500◦C in dry and wet hydrogen/n...

  7. Preferential Au precipitation at deformation-induced defects in Fe–Au and Fe–Au–B–N alloys

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhang, S., E-mail: S.Zhang-1@tudelft.nl [Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft (Netherlands); Langelaan, G. [Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft (Netherlands); Brouwer, J.C.; Sloof, W.G. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft (Netherlands); Brück, E. [Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft (Netherlands); Zwaag, S. van der [Novel Aerospace Materials Group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS Delft (Netherlands); Dijk, N.H. van [Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft (Netherlands)

    2014-01-25

    Highlights: • Fe–Au–B–N forms a good model alloy system for self healing of deformation damage. • Solute Au atoms exclusively precipitate at grain boundaries, cracks and cavities. • XPS indicates a strong tendency for Au segregation on free surfaces at 550 °C. • Interstitial B and N form hexagonal BN on free surfaces at 550 °C. • Selective Au precipitation at open volume defects can cause autonomous repair. -- Abstract: The influence of deformation-induced defects on the isothermal precipitation of Au was studied in high-purity Fe–Au and Fe–Au–B–N alloys. Preferential Au precipitation upon annealing at 550 °C is observed at local plastic indentations. In fractured Fe–Au–B–N, solute Au atoms were found to heterogeneously precipitate at grain boundaries and local micro-cracks. This is supported by in-situ creep tests that showed a strong tendency for Au precipitation at cracks and cavities also formed during creep loading at 550 °C. Complementary X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments indicate a strong tendency of Au, B and N segregation onto free surface during aging. The observed site-specific precipitation of Au holds interesting opportunities for defect healing in steels subjected to creep deformation.

  8. Excitation functions for 197Au (d, p)198Au, 197Au(d, 2n)197mHg, 197Au(d, 2n)197Hg and 197Au(d, p2n)196Au

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Long Xianguan; Peng Xiufeng; He Fuqing

    1987-01-01

    By using activation method and stack-foil technique, the excitation functions for d + 197 Au reaction in 6.6-13.1 MeV energy range are measured. The measured values are compared with previous results and theoretical calculations

  9. First-principles study of SF_6 decomposed gas adsorbed on Au-decorated graphene

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang, Xiaoxing; Yu, Lei; Gui, Yingang; Hu, Weihua

    2016-01-01

    Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • We theoretically investigated the decomposed gaseous components of sulfur hexafluoride (SF_6), namely, H_2S, SO_2, SOF_2, and SO_2F_2, adsorbed on pristine and Au-embedded graphene based on DFT-D, in which the van der Waals effect is considered. • H_2S, SO_2, SOF_2, and SO_2F_2 are chemisorption on Au-doped graphene, appreciably stronger than physisorption on pristine graphene in which the van der Waals dominates. • Only H_2S exhibits n-type doping to Au-graphene, whereas the rest gases exhibit p-type doping. The n-type and p-type sensing behaviors that Au-doped graphene displays to different gases play a crucial role in selective sensing application. • Magnetic moments fluctuate substantially in the original Au-graphene when H_2S and SO_2 are adsorbed. While the adsorption effects of SOF_2 and SO_2F_2 generate magnetism quenching. The different changes of magnetic moments in every adsorption system provide another approach to selective detection. • The charge transfer mechanism is deeply discussed in this paper. - Abstract: We theoretically investigated the decomposed gaseous components of sulfur hexafluoride (SF_6), namely, H_2S, SO_2, SOF_2, and SO_2F_2, adsorbed on pristine and Au-embedded graphene based on the revised Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof calculation, which empirically includes a dispersion correction (DFT-D) for van der Waals interaction with standard generalized gradient approximation. Pristine graphene exhibits weak adsorption and absence of charge transfer, which indicates barely satisfactory sensing for decomposed components. The Au atom introduces magnetism to the pristine graphene after metal-embedded decoration as well as enhances conductivity. All four molecules induce certain hybridization between the molecules and Au-graphene, which results in chemical interactions. SOF_2 and SO_2F_2 exhibit a strong chemisorption interaction with Au-graphene, while H_2S and SO_2 exhibit quasi-molecular binding

  10. El construccionismo y la cognición social: metáforas de la mente El construccionismo y la cognición social: metáforas de la mente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Crespo Suárez

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Theories in the social and human sciences are always based on a model or metaphor of the human being. The main metaphors that have configurated the conception of the mind are the representational (the homunculus metaphor and the computational (the computer metaphor. Contructionism can be understood as a set of ideas articulated around the conception of the mind as a relationship and the conception of knowledge as a social construction. The metaphor of social construction implies that reality, as we know and live it, is not inevitable nor alien to responsibility. The questioning of the inevitability is basically made, from a constructionist point of view, in epistemological terms. Knowledge as an individual possesion is questioned. Inevitability, as it is approached by constructionists, is a palitical-type problem, related with the production of descriptions of the reality that oppear to us as obvious facts and then unquestionable. Social constructionism tries to function as a generative theory able to undermine the engagement with the predominant systems of theoretical production and to generate new options of action.Las teorías en las ciencias humanas y sociales, se constituyen siempre sobre un modelo o metáfora del ser humano. Las principales metáforas que han configurado la concepción de lo mente son las representacionistas (la metáfora del homúnculo y las computacionoles (la metáfora del ordenador. El construccionismo puede entenderse como un conjunto de ideas, articuladas en torno a la concepción de la mente como relación y el conocimiento como construcción sociaL La metáfora de la construcción social supone que la realidad, tal como la conocemos y la vivimos, no es ni inevitable ni ajena a la responsabilidad. El cuestionamiento de la inevitabilidad se hace, desde el construccionismo, en términos fundamentalmente epistemológicos. Se cuestiona la noción de conocimiento como propiedad individual. La inevitabilidad, tal como la

  11. Terapias naturales cuerpo - mente

    OpenAIRE

    Vesga Sanchez, Beatriz Amparo

    2016-01-01

    Plantea la visi?n desde la perspectiva hol?stica, de c?mo funciona el cuerpo y la mente, como nos afectan las emociones en los procesos de armonia y b?squeda del equilibrio para la sanacion f?sica, mental y espiritual. Se hace un recorrido por la medicina tradicional china con el concepto de los meridianos, la medicina ayurvedica con el concepto de los centros energ?ticos o chakras y las culturas andinas.

  12. Relance de l'aquaculture au Sri Lanka

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    cas de risque et de mettre au point des systèmes de dépuration (c'est-à-dire de purification au moyen d'eau de mer stérilisée). Un élément primordial du projet de recherche consiste à protéger la population contre les contaminants (aussi bien naturels que d'origine anthropique). Pour que les collectivités puissent exploiter ...

  13. Teoría de la mente y desarrollo de las inteligencias

    OpenAIRE

    García García, Emilio

    2005-01-01

    En las ciencias cognitivas hay planteado un debate entre las teorías modulares y constructivistas de la mente. Las teorías constructivistas u holistas conciben la mente como un sistema unitario, mientras que para las teorías modulares la mente está conformada por un conjunto de módulos especializados, memorias diversas, inteligencias múltiples. En el siglo XX, las teorías psicológicas que han fundamentado la práctica pedagógica, particularmente en Educación Especial, han conceptualizado la me...

  14. Λ Λ Correlation Function in Au +Au Collisions at √{sN N }=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Alford, J.; Anson, C. D.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Averichev, G. S.; Banerjee, A.; Beavis, D. R.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bichsel, H.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Borowski, W.; Bouchet, J.; Brandin, A. V.; Brovko, S. G.; Bültmann, S.; Bunzarov, I.; Burton, T. P.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Cendejas, R.; Cervantes, M. C.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, H. F.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, L.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Chikanian, A.; Christie, W.; Chwastowski, J.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Contin, G.; Cramer, J. G.; Crawford, H. J.; Cui, X.; Das, S.; Davila Leyva, A.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Derradi de Souza, R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Ding, F.; Djawotho, P.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, C. M.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Engelage, J.; Engle, K. S.; Eppley, G.; Eun, L.; Evdokimov, O.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Gliske, S.; Greiner, L.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Guryn, W.; Haag, B.; Hamed, A.; Han, L.-X.; Haque, R.; Harris, J. W.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Hofman, D. J.; Horvat, S.; Huang, B.; Huang, H. Z.; Huang, X.; Huck, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jang, H.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Kesich, A.; Khan, Z. H.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Koetke, D. D.; Kollegger, T.; Konzer, J.; Koralt, I.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kotchenda, L.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulakov, I.; Kumar, L.; Kycia, R. A.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, C.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Li, Y.; Li, Z. M.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, X.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Majka, R.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; McDonald, D.; McShane, T. S.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Nogach, L. V.; Noh, S. Y.; Novak, J.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Ohlson, A.; Okorokov, V.; Oldag, E. W.; Olvitt, D. L.; Page, B. S.; Pan, Y. X.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlak, T.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pile, P.; Planinic, M.; Pluta, J.; Poljak, N.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Ray, R. L.; Riley, C. K.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Ross, J. F.; Roy, A.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Sangaline, E.; Sarkar, A.; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Seger, J.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, B.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Simko, M.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, D.; Smirnov, N.; Solanki, D.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stevens, J. R.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sumbera, M.; Sun, X.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, Y.; Sun, Z.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Symons, T. J. M.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Takahashi, J.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Tarnowsky, T.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Turnau, J.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vandenbroucke, M.; Vanfossen, J. A.; Varma, R.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vertesi, R.; Videbæk, F.; Viyogi, Y. P.; Vokal, S.; Vossen, A.; Wada, M.; Wang, F.; Wang, G.; Wang, H.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, X. L.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y. F.; Xiao, Z.; Xie, W.; Xin, K.; Xu, H.; Xu, J.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Y.; Xu, Z.; Yan, W.; Yang, C.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Ye, Z.; Yepes, P.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, J. L.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, F.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Y. H.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2015-01-01

    We present Λ Λ correlation measurements in heavy-ion collisions for Au +Au collisions at √{sN N }=200 GeV using the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. The Lednický-Lyuboshitz analytical model has been used to fit the data to obtain a source size, a scattering length and an effective range. Implications of the measurement of the Λ Λ correlation function and interaction parameters for dihyperon searches are discussed.

  15. Atomes une exploration visuelle de tous les éléments connus dans l'univers

    CERN Document Server

    Gray, Theodore

    2013-01-01

    Quelle est leur température critique ? Qu'est-ce que la masse atomique, la densité d'un matériau, l'ordre de remplissage des électrons ? Cet ouvrage invite avec pédagogie et humour à un passionnant voyage au pays des éléments, à partir de leur tableau périodique universel. Soutenue par une exploration visuelle qui montre l'élément à l'état pur mais aussi ses composés et ses applications les plus caractéristiques dans la vie quotidienne, cette approche pratique offre une combinaison parfaite de science chimique et de photographies, qui séduira les lecteurs les plus avertis comme tous les autres habitants sensibles de l'univers.

  16. EXAFS and EPR study of La0.6Sr0.2Ca0.2MnO3 and La0.6Sr0.2Ba0.2MnO3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yang, D.-K.Dong-Seok; Ulyanov, A.N.; Phan, Manh-Huong; Kim, Ikgyun; Ahn, Byong-Keun; Rhee, Jang Roh; Kim, Jung Sun; Nguyen, Chau; Yu, Seong-Cho

    2003-01-01

    Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis and electron-paramagnetic resonance (EPR) have been used to examine the local structure and the internal dynamics of La 0.6 Sr 0.2 Ca 0.2 MnO 3 and La 0.6 Sr 0.2 Ba 0.2 MnO 3 lanthanum manganites. The Mn-O bond distance (∼1.94 Angst for both samples) and the Debye-Waller factors (0.36x10 -2 and 0.41x10 -2 Angst 2 for La 0.6 Sr 0.2 Ca 0.2 MnO 3 and for La 0.6 Sr 0.2 Ba 0.2 MnO 3 , respectively) were obtained from the EXAFS analysis. The dependence of the EPR line width on dopant kind (Ca or Ba) showed a decrease of the spin-lattice interaction with an increase of the Curie temperature. For both compositions, the EPR line intensity followed the exponential law I(T)=I 0 exp(E a /k B T), deduced on the basis of the adiabatic polaron hopping model

  17. El Retorno a la Unidad Cuerpo-Mente: Encuentro de Ascesis, Terapia y Filosofía en Japón

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Masiá Clavel

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Los autores han escogido tres personas representativas cuyo pensamiento apunta el camino de retorno hacia la unidad básica mente-cuerpo en el ser humano, a través de la integración del poder de lo inconsciente en la conciencia: Chih-i (538-597, un monje budista chino; Yasuo Yuasa (1925-2005, un filósofo japonés; y Haruchika Noguchi (1911-1976, un japonés que desarrolló una terapia centrada en la interrelación mente-cuerpo. Los tres coinciden en acentuar la espiritualidad, filosofía y terapéutica sobre el fundamento y el uso del flujo de energía que ha sido descrito en la tradición chino japonesa por medio de la noción de Ki. Estas tradiciones orientales, en la confluencia de espiritualidad, filosofía y terapéutica son al mismo tiempo una contribución y un desafio al pensamiento occidental, al replantear las preguntas en torno al Yo, la Identidad y la Personalidad desde un contexto interdisciplinar e intercultural.

  18. Dielectron production in Au + Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adare, A.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Akiba, Y.; Akimoto, R.; Alexander, J.; Alfred, M.; Al-Ta'Ani, H.; Angerami, A.; Aoki, K.; Apadula, N.; Aramaki, Y.; Asano, H.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Atomssa, E. T.; Averbeck, R.; Awes, T. C.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bai, M.; Bandara, N. S.; Bannier, B.; Barish, K. N.; Bassalleck, B.; Bathe, S.; Baublis, V.; Baumgart, S.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beaumier, M.; Beckman, S.; Belmont, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Blau, D. S.; Bok, J. S.; Boyle, K.; Brooks, M. L.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Buesching, H.; Bumazhnov, V.; Butsyk, S.; Campbell, S.; Castera, P.; Chen, C.-H.; Chi, C. Y.; Chiu, M.; Choi, I. J.; Choi, J. B.; Choi, S.; Choudhury, R. K.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Chvala, O.; Cianciolo, V.; Citron, Z.; Cole, B. A.; Connors, M.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Dairaku, S.; Danley, T. W.; Datta, A.; Daugherity, M. S.; David, G.; Deblasio, K.; Dehmelt, K.; Denisov, A.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dharmawardane, K. V.; Dietzsch, O.; Ding, L.; Dion, A.; Diss, P. B.; Do, J. H.; Donadelli, M.; D'Orazio, L.; Drapier, O.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; Edwards, S.; Efremenko, Y. V.; Engelmore, T.; Enokizono, A.; Esumi, S.; Eyser, K. O.; Fadem, B.; Feege, N.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Fleuret, F.; Fokin, S. L.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fukao, Y.; Fusayasu, T.; Gainey, K.; Gal, C.; Gallus, P.; Garg, P.; Garishvili, A.; Garishvili, I.; Ge, H.; Giordano, F.; Glenn, A.; Gong, X.; Gonin, M.; Goto, Y.; Granier de Cassagnac, R.; Grau, N.; Greene, S. V.; Grosse Perdekamp, M.; Gunji, T.; Guo, L.; Gustafsson, H.-Å.; Hachiya, T.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamilton, H. F.; Han, S. Y.; Hanks, J.; Hasegawa, S.; Haseler, T. O. S.; Hashimoto, K.; Haslum, E.; Hayano, R.; He, X.; Hemmick, T. K.; Hester, T.; Hill, J. C.; Hollis, R. S.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Horaguchi, T.; Hori, Y.; Hoshino, T.; Hotvedt, N.; Huang, J.; Huang, S.; Ichihara, T.; Iinuma, H.; Ikeda, Y.; Imai, K.; Imrek, J.; Inaba, M.; Iordanova, A.; Isenhower, D.; Issah, M.; Ivanishchev, D.; Jacak, B. V.; Javani, M.; Jezghani, M.; Jia, J.; Jiang, X.; Johnson, B. M.; Joo, K. S.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kamin, J.; Kanda, S.; Kaneti, S.; Kang, B. H.; Kang, J. H.; Kang, J. S.; Kapustinsky, J.; Karatsu, K.; Kasai, M.; Kawall, D.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Kempel, T.; Key, J. A.; Khachatryan, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kijima, K. M.; Kim, B. I.; Kim, C.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E.-J.; Kim, G. W.; Kim, H. J.; Kim, K.-B.; Kim, M.; Kim, Y.-J.; Kim, Y. K.; Kimelman, B.; Kinney, E.; Kiss, Á.; Kistenev, E.; Kitamura, R.; Klatsky, J.; Kleinjan, D.; Kline, P.; Koblesky, T.; Komatsu, Y.; Komkov, B.; Koster, J.; Kotchetkov, D.; Kotov, D.; Král, A.; Krizek, F.; Kunde, G. J.; Kurita, K.; Kurosawa, M.; Kwon, Y.; Kyle, G. S.; Lacey, R.; Lai, Y. S.; Lajoie, J. G.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, B.; Lee, D. M.; Lee, J.; Lee, K. B.; Lee, K. S.; Lee, S.; Lee, S. H.; Lee, S. R.; Leitch, M. J.; Leite, M. A. L.; Leitgab, M.; Lewis, B.; Li, X.; Lim, S. H.; Linden Levy, L. A.; Liu, M. X.; Love, B.; Lynch, D.; Maguire, C. F.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Makek, M.; Manion, A.; Manko, V. I.; Mannel, E.; Masumoto, S.; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; McGlinchey, D.; McKinney, C.; Meles, A.; Mendoza, M.; Meredith, B.; Miake, Y.; Mibe, T.; Mignerey, A. C.; Milov, A.; Mishra, D. K.; Mitchell, J. T.; Miyachi, Y.; Miyasaka, S.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, A. K.; Mohapatra, S.; Montuenga, P.; Moon, H. J.; Moon, T.; Morrison, D. P.; Motschwiller, S.; Moukhanova, T. V.; Murakami, T.; Murata, J.; Mwai, A.; Nagae, T.; Nagamiya, S.; Nagashima, K.; Nagle, J. L.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakagomi, H.; Nakamiya, Y.; Nakamura, K. R.; Nakamura, T.; Nakano, K.; Nattrass, C.; Nederlof, A.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Nihashi, M.; Niida, T.; Nishimura, S.; Nouicer, R.; Novák, T.; Novitzky, N.; Nyanin, A. S.; O'Brien, E.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Okada, K.; Orjuela Koop, J. D.; Osborn, J. D.; Oskarsson, A.; Ouchida, M.; Ozawa, K.; Pak, R.; Pantuev, V.; Papavassiliou, V.; Park, B. H.; Park, I. H.; Park, J. S.; Park, S.; Park, S. K.; Pate, S. F.; Patel, L.; Patel, M.; Pei, H.; Peng, J.-C.; Pereira, H.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Perera, G. D. N.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Perry, J.; Petti, R.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pinson, R.; Pisani, R. P.; Proissl, M.; Purschke, M. L.; Qu, H.; Rak, J.; Ramson, B. J.; Ravinovich, I.; Read, K. F.; Reynolds, D.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Richardson, E.; Rinn, T.; Roach, D.; Roche, G.; Rolnick, S. D.; Rosati, M.; Rowan, Z.; Rubin, J. G.; Sahlmueller, B.; Saito, N.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sako, H.; Samsonov, V.; Sano, M.; Sarsour, M.; Sato, S.; Sawada, S.; Schaefer, B.; Schmoll, B. K.; Sedgwick, K.; Seidl, R.; Sen, A.; Seto, R.; Sett, P.; Sexton, A.; Sharma, D.; Shein, I.; Shibata, T.-A.; Shigaki, K.; Shimomura, M.; Shoji, K.; Shukla, P.; Sickles, A.; Silva, C. L.; Silvermyr, D.; Sim, K. S.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Slunečka, M.; Snowball, M.; Soltz, R. A.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sorensen, S. P.; Sourikova, I. V.; Stankus, P. W.; Stenlund, E.; Stepanov, M.; Ster, A.; Stoll, S. P.; Sugitate, T.; Sukhanov, A.; Sumita, T.; Sun, J.; Sziklai, J.; Takagui, E. M.; Takahara, A.; Taketani, A.; Tanaka, Y.; Taneja, S.; Tanida, K.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; Tarafdar, S.; Taranenko, A.; Tennant, E.; Themann, H.; Tieulent, R.; Timilsina, A.; Todoroki, T.; Tomášek, L.; Tomášek, M.; Torii, H.; Towell, C. L.; Towell, R.; Towell, R. S.; Tserruya, I.; Tsuchimoto, Y.; Tsuji, T.; Vale, C.; van Hecke, H. W.; Vargyas, M.; Vazquez-Zambrano, E.; Veicht, A.; Velkovska, J.; Vértesi, R.; Virius, M.; Vossen, A.; Vrba, V.; Vznuzdaev, E.; Wang, X. R.; Watanabe, D.; Watanabe, K.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, Y. S.; Wei, F.; Wei, R.; White, A. S.; White, S. N.; Winter, D.; Wolin, S.; Woody, C. L.; Wysocki, M.; Xia, B.; Xue, L.; Yalcin, S.; Yamaguchi, Y. L.; Yang, R.; Yanovich, A.; Ying, J.; Yokkaichi, S.; Yoo, J. H.; Yoon, I.; You, Z.; Younus, I.; Yu, H.; Yushmanov, I. E.; Zajc, W. A.; Zelenski, A.; Zhou, S.; Zou, L.; Phenix Collaboration

    2016-01-01

    We present measurements of e+e- production at midrapidity in Au +Au collisions at √{sNN}=200 GeV. The invariant yield is studied within the PHENIX detector acceptance over a wide range of mass (me e<5 GeV /c2) and pair transverse momentum (pT<5 GeV /c ) for minimum bias and for five centrality classes. The e+e- yield is compared to the expectations from known sources. In the low-mass region (me e=0.30 - 0.76 GeV /c2 ) there is an enhancement that increases with centrality and is distributed over the entire pair pT range measured. It is significantly smaller than previously reported by the PHENIX experiment and amounts to 2.3 ±0.4 (stat )±0.4 (syst )±0.2 (model ) or to 1.7 ±0.3 (stat )±0.3 (syst )±0.2 (model ) for minimum bias collisions when the open heavy-flavor contribution is calculated with pythia or mc@nlo, respectively. The inclusive mass and pT distributions, as well as the centrality dependence, are well reproduced by model calculations where the enhancement mainly originates from the melting of the ρ meson resonance as the system approaches chiral symmetry restoration. In the intermediate-mass region (me e=1.2 - 2.8 GeV /c2 ), the data hint at a significant contribution in addition to the yield from the semileptonic decays of heavy-flavor mesons.

  19. Measurement of {sup 197}Au(n,γ){sup 198g}Au reaction cross-section at the neutron energies of 1.12, 2.12, 3.12 and 4.12 MeV

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Vansola, Vibha [M.S. Univ., Baroda (India). Dept. of Physics; Ghosh, Reetuparna; Badwar, Sylvia [North Eastern Hill Univ., Meghalaya (India). Dept. of Physics; and others

    2015-07-01

    The {sup 197}Au(n,γ){sup 198}Au reaction cross-sections at the neutron energies of 1.12, 2.12, 3.12 and 4.12 MeV were determined by using activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique. The mono-energetic neutron energies of 1.12-4.12 MeV were generated from the {sup 7}Li(p,n) reaction by using the proton energies of 3 and 4 MeV from the folded tandem ion beam accelerator (FOTIA) at BARC as well as 5 and 6 MeV from the Pelletron facility at TIFR, Mumbai. The {sup 115}In(n,γ){sup 116m}In reaction cross-section was used as the neutron flux monitor. The {sup 197}Au(n,γ){sup 198}Au reaction cross-section at the neutron energies of 3.12 and 4.12 MeV are reported for the first time. The {sup 197}Au(n,γ){sup 198}Au reaction cross-sections at 1.12 and 2.12 MeV are close to the literature data of in between neutron energies. The {sup 197}Au(n,γ){sup 198}Au cross-section was also calculated theoretically by using the computer code TALYS 1.6 and found to be higher than the experimental data of present work and literature data within the neutron energies of 0.8 to 4 MeV.

  20. Gold chloride clusters with Au(III) and Au(I) probed by FT-ICR mass spectrometry and MP2 theory.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lemke, Kono H

    2014-05-07

    Microsolvated clusters of gold chloride are probed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and scalar relativistic electronic structure calculations. Electrospray ionization of aqueous AuCl3 leads to mononuclear clusters of types [AuCl2](+)(H2O)n (n = 0-4), [AuOHCl](+)(H2O)n (n = 0-1) and [AuCl2](+)(HCl)2(H2O)n (n = 0-4). In addition, strong ion signals due to dinuclear [Au2Cl5-xOHx](+)(H2O)n (x = 0-1) are present in ESI mass spectra of aqueous AuCl3, with the abundance of individual dinuclear species controlled by the concentration-dependent variation of the precursor complexes [AuCl2-xOHx](+)(H2O)n and AuCl3. Equilibrium structures, energies and thermodynamic properties of mono- and dinuclear gold clusters have been predicted using MP2 and CCSD(T) theory, and these data have been applied to examine the influence of microsolvation on cluster stability. Specifically, results from CCSD(T) calculations indicate that non-covalently bound ion-neutral complexes Au(+)(Cl2)(H2O)n, with formal Au(I), are the dominant forms of mononuclear gold with n = 0-2, while higher hydrates (n > 2) are covalently bound [AuCl2](+)(H2O)n complexes in which gold exists as Au(III). MP2 calculations show that the lowest energy structure of dinuclear gold is an ion-molecule cluster [Au2Cl(Cl2)2](+) consisting of a single-bridged digold-chloronium ion bound end-on to two dichlorine ligands, with two higher energy isomers, single-bridged [Au2Cl3(Cl2)](+) and double-bridged [Au2Cl5](+) clusters. Finally, AuAu interactions in the singly-bridged clusters [Au2Cl(Cl2)2](+)(H2O)n and [Au2Cl3(Cl2)](+)(H2O)n are examined employing a wide range of computational tools, including natural bond order (NBO) analysis and localized orbital locator (LOL) profiles.

  1. RGO/Au NPs/N-doped CNTs supported on nickel foam as an anode for enzymatic biofuel cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, He; Zhang, Lingling; Han, Yujie; Yu, You; Xu, Miao; Zhang, Xueping; Huang, Liang; Dong, Shaojun

    2017-11-15

    In this study, three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide/Au NPs/nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (RGO/Au NPs/N-doped CNTs) assembly supported on nickel foam was utilized as an anode for enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs). 3D RGO/Au NPs was obtained by electrodepositing reduced graphene oxide on nickel foam (Ni foam), while Au NPs were co-deposited during the process. Afterwards, nitrogen doped CNTs (N-CNTs) were allowed to grow seamlessly on the surfaces of 3D RGO/Au NPs via a simple chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. In this nanostructure, Au NPs co-deposition and nitrogen doping offer more active sites for bioelectrocatalysis. Additionally, N-CNTs were demonstrated providing high specific surface area for enzyme immobilization and facilitating the electron transfer between glucose oxidase (GOx) and electrode. The resulting bioanode achieved efficient glucose oxidation with high current densities of 7.02mAcm -2 (0.3V vs. Ag/AgCl). Coupling with a Pt cathode, the fabricated glucose/air biofuel cell exhibited an open-circuit potential of 0.32V and generated a maximum power density 235µWcm -2 at 0.15V. This novel electrode substrate achieved high performance in current density at bioelectrochemical systems and could be useful for further exploiting the application of three dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials in EBFCs. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  2. Measurements of jet quenching with semi-inclusive hadron+jet distributions in Au+Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Alekseev, I.; Anderson, D. M.; Aoyama, R.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Ashraf, M. U.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bai, X.; Bairathi, V.; Behera, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandenburg, J. D.; Brandin, A. V.; Brown, D.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chankova-Bunzarova, N.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, X.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Elsey, N.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Ewigleben, J.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Federicova, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Z.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A. I.; Hamed, A.; Harlenderova, A.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Horvat, S.; Huang, T.; Huang, B.; Huang, X.; Huang, H. Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Huo, P.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, P. M.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jentsch, A.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Jowzaee, S.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kochenda, L.; Kocmanek, M.; Kollegger, T.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulathunga, N.; Kumar, L.; Kvapil, J.; Kwasizur, J. H.; Lacey, R.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, X.; Li, C.; Li, W.; Li, Y.; Lidrych, J.; Lin, T.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, H.; Liu, P.; Liu, Y.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, S.; Luo, X.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, L.; Ma, Y. G.; Ma, R.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Mallick, D.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H. S.; Meehan, K.; Mei, J. C.; Miller, Z. W.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nie, M.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nogach, L. V.; Nonaka, T.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V. A.; Olvitt, D.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pile, P.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Ray, R. L.; Reed, R.; Rehbein, M. J.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Roth, J. D.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Saur, M.; Schambach, J.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Schweid, B. R.; Seger, J.; Sergeeva, M.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M. K.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, Z.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singha, S.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, N.; Smirnov, D.; Solyst, W.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sugiura, T.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, Y.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, X.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A.; Thäder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, G.; Wang, Y.; Wang, F.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, W.; Xie, G.; Xu, J.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, Z.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Q.; Yang, C.; Yang, S.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhou, C.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Z.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2017-08-01

    The STAR Collaboration reports the measurement of semi-inclusive distributions of charged-particle jets recoiling from a high transverse momentum hadron trigger, in central and peripheral Au +Au collisions at √{sNN}=200 GeV. Charged jets are reconstructed with the anti-kT algorithm for jet radii R between 0.2 and 0.5 and with low infrared cutoff of track constituents (pT>0.2 GeV / c ). A novel mixed-event technique is used to correct the large uncorrelated background present in heavy ion collisions. Corrected recoil jet distributions are reported at midrapidity, for charged-jet transverse momentum pT,jet ch<30 GeV / c . Comparison is made to similar measurements for Pb +Pb collisions at √{s }=2.76 TeV, to calculations for p +p collisions at √{s }=200 GeV based on the pythia Monte Carlo generator and on a next-to-leading order perturbative QCD approach, and to theoretical calculations incorporating jet quenching. The recoil jet yield is suppressed in central relative to peripheral collisions, with the magnitude of the suppression corresponding to medium-induced charged energy transport out of the jet cone of 2.8 ±0.2 (stat )±1.5 (sys ) GeV /c , for 10 Au +Au collisions of 50 ±30 (sys )% of the large-angle yield in p +p collisions predicted by pythia.

  3. Dijet imbalance measurements in Au +Au and p p collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV at STAR

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Anderson, D. M.; Aoyama, R.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Ashraf, M. U.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bai, X.; Bairathi, V.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandenburg, J. D.; Brandin, A. V.; Brown, D.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, C. M.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Elsey, N.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Ewigleben, J.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Z.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Greiner, L.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A. I.; Hamed, A.; Haque, R.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Horvat, S.; Huang, X.; Huang, B.; Huang, H. Z.; Huang, T.; Huck, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jentsch, A.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Jowzaee, S.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kochenda, L.; Koetke, D. D.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kumar, L.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Li, Y.; Li, C.; Lin, T.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, Y.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, X.; Luo, S.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Ma, Y. G.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Manion, A.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H. S.; McDonald, D.; McKinzie, S.; Meehan, K.; Mei, J. C.; Miller, Z. W.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nogach, L. V.; Nonaka, T.; Novak, J.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V. A.; Olvitt, D.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pan, Y. X.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pile, P.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Ray, R. L.; Reed, R.; Rehbein, M. J.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Roth, J. D.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Seger, J.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, M. K.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, B.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shi, Z.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singha, S.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, D.; Smirnov, N.; Solyst, W.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stepanov, M.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sugiura, T.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, Z.; Sun, Y.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Tang, Z.; Tang, A. H.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A.; Thäder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vertesi, R.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, F.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, G.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, G.; Xie, W.; Xin, K.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, H.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, Z.; Xu, J.; Xu, N.; Yang, S.; Yang, Q.; Yang, Y.; Yang, C.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhu, X.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2017-08-01

    We report the first dijet transverse momentum asymmetry measurements from Au +Au and p p collisions at RHIC. The two highest-energy back-to-back jets reconstructed from fragments with transverse momenta above 2 GeV /c display a significantly higher momentum imbalance in heavy-ion collisions than in the p p reference. When reexamined with correlated soft particles included, we observe that these dijets then exhibit a unique new feature—momentum balance is restored to that observed in p p for a jet resolution parameter of R =0.4 , while rebalancing is not attained with a smaller value of R =0.2 .

  4. Triangular Zn{sub 3} and Ga{sub 3} units in Sr{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Zn{sub 3}, Eu{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Zn{sub 3}, Sr{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Ga{sub 3}, and Eu{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Ga{sub 3}. Structure, magnetism, {sup 151}Eu Moessbauer and {sup 69;71}Ga solid state NMR spectroscopy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gerke, Birgit; Niehaus, Oliver; Poettgen, Rainer [Muenster Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Korthaus, Alexander; Haarmann, Frank [RWTH Aachen Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische Chemie

    2016-08-01

    The gold-rich intermetallic compounds Sr{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Zn{sub 3}, Eu{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Zn{sub 3}, Sr{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Ga{sub 3}, and Eu{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Ga{sub 3} were synthesized from the elements in sealed tantalum ampoules in induction or muffle furnaces. The europium compounds are reported for the first time and their structures were refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: Sr{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Zn{sub 3} type, R anti 3c, a = 837.7(1), c = 2184.5(4) pm, wR2 = 0.0293, 572 F{sup 2} values for Eu{sub 2}Au{sub 6.04}Zn{sub 2.96} and a = 838.1(2), c = 2191.7(5) pm, wR2 = 0.0443, 513 F{sup 2} values for Eu{sub 2}Au{sub 6.07}Ga{sub 2.93} with 20 variables per refinement. The structures consist of a three-dimensional gold network with a 6R stacking sequence, similar to the respective diamond polytype. The cavities of the network are filled in a ratio of 2:1 by strontium (europium) atoms and Ga{sub 3} (Zn{sub 3}) triangles in an ordered manner. Sr{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Zn{sub 3} and Sr{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Ga{sub 3} are diamagnetic with room temperature susceptibilities of -3.5 x 10{sup -4} emu mol{sup -1}. Temperature dependent susceptibility and {sup 151}Eu Moessbauer spectroscopic measurements show a stable divalent ground state for both europium compounds. Eu{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Zn{sub 3} and Eu{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Ga{sub 3} order antiferromagnetically below Neel temperatures of 16.3 and 12.1 K, respectively. Anisotropic electrical conductivity of Sr{sub 2}Au{sub 6}Ga{sub 3} is proven by an alignment of the crystallites in the magnetic field. Orientation-dependent {sup 69;71}Ga NMR experiments combined with quantum mechanical calculations (QM) give evidence for a highly anisotropic charge distribution of the Ga atoms.

  5. El continuum mente-cerebro : procesos sensoriales

    OpenAIRE

    Llinás Riascos, Rodolfo, 1934-, compilador

    2006-01-01

    Este libro es el resultado, no sólo de años de intensa actividad investigativa, sino también de la necesaria reflexión asociada, por parte de científicos de la neurociencia y de filósofos de distintas nacionalidades quienes, en un fructífero encuentro efectuado en Madrid, España, dieron un paso crucial en la construcción del arco conceptual que vincula, por no decir identifica, la actividad cerebral con la mente propiamente dicha. En consideración a la relevancia de la obra para nuestra c...

  6. Near-side azimuthal and pseudorapidity correlations using neutral strange baryons and mesons in d +Au , Cu + Cu, and Au + Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abelev, B.; Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Ashraf, M. U.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bai, X.; Bairathi, V.; Barnby, L. S.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bombara, M.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandenburg, J. D.; Brandin, A. V.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, C. M.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Z.; Filip, P.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Gaillard, L.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Greiner, L.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A. I.; Hamed, A.; Haque, R.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Horvat, S.; Huang, T.; Huang, B.; Huang, X.; Huang, H. Z.; Huck, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jang, H.; Jentsch, A.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Jones, P. G.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z. H.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kochenda, L.; Koetke, D. D.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kumar, L.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, C.; Li, Y.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Lin, T.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, S.; Luo, X.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Manion, A.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H. S.; McDonald, D.; McKinzie, S.; Meehan, K.; Mei, J. C.; Miller, Z. W.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Nattrass, C.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nogach, L. V.; Noh, S. Y.; Novak, J.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V. A.; Olvitt, D.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pan, Y. X.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pile, P.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Ray, R. L.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Sarkar, A.; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Seger, J.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, B.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M. K.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, Z.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singha, S.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, N.; Smirnov, D.; Solyst, W.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stepanov, M.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, Y.; Sun, Z.; Sun, X. M.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Tang, Z.; Tang, A. H.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A.; Thäder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vandenbroucke, M.; Varma, R.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vertesi, R.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, H.; Wang, Y.; Wang, G.; Wang, Y.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, F.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, W.; Xie, G.; Xin, K.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, N.; Xu, J.; Xu, H.; Xu, Z.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Q.; Yang, S.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Yang, C.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhu, X.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2016-07-01

    We present measurements of the near side of triggered di-hadron correlations using neutral strange baryons (Λ ,Λ ¯) and mesons (KS0) at intermediate transverse momentum (3 < pT <6 GeV /c ) to look for possible flavor and baryon-meson dependence. This study is performed in d +Au , Cu+Cu, and Au+Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The near-side di-hadron correlation contains two structures, a peak which is narrow in azimuth and pseudorapidity consistent with correlations from jet fragmentation, and a correlation in azimuth which is broad in pseudorapidity. The particle composition of the jet-like correlation is determined using identified associated particles. The dependence of the conditional yield of the jet-like correlation on the trigger particle momentum, associated particle momentum, and centrality for correlations with unidentified trigger particles are presented. The neutral strange particle composition in jet-like correlations with unidentified charged particle triggers is not well described by PYTHIA. However, the yield of unidentified particles in jet-like correlations with neutral strange particle triggers is described reasonably well by the same model.

  7. Film thickness degradation of Au/GaN Schottky contact characteristics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, K.; Wang, R.X.; Fung, S.; Beling, C.D.; Chen, X.D.; Huang, Y.; Li, S.; Xu, S.J.; Gong, M.

    2005-01-01

    Electrical characteristics of Au/n-GaN Schottky contacts with different Au film thicknesses up to 1300 A, have been investigated using current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) techniques. Results show a steady decrease in the quality of the Schottky diodes for increasing Au film thickness. I-V measurements indicate that thin ( 500 A). Depth profiling Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) shows that the width of the Au/GaN junction interface increases with increasing Au thickness, suggesting considerable inter-mixing of Au, Ga and N. The results have been interpreted in terms of Ga out-diffusion from the GaN giving rise to gallium vacancies that in turn act as sites for electron-hole pair generation within the depletion region. The study supports the recent suggestion that gallium vacancies associated with threaded dislocations are playing an important role in junction breakdown

  8. Synthesis, crystal structures, and characterization of double complex salts [Au(en)2][Rh(NO2)6]·2H2O and [Au(en)2][Rh(NO2)6

    Science.gov (United States)

    Plyusnin, Pavel E.; Makotchenko, Evgenia V.; Shubin, Yury V.; Baidina, Iraida A.; Korolkov, Ilya V.; Sheludyakova, Liliya A.; Korenev, Sergey V.

    2015-11-01

    Double complex salts of rhodium(III) and gold(III) of the composition [Au(en)2][Rh(NO2)6]·2H2O (1) and [Au(en)2][Rh(NO2)6] (2) have been prepared. Crystal structures of the compounds have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds have been characterized by PXRD, IR, far-IR, CHN and DTA. The complexes have a layered structures. The presence of water in 1 makes the structure of the hydrated DCS less dense as compared to the anhydrous one. The environment of the cation and the anion in the two structures is the same, oxygen atoms of the nitro groups are involved in hydrogen bonds N-H⋯O, N⋯O distances being approximately the same. The structures of 1 and 2 are notable in having shortened contacts between the gold atoms and the oxygen atoms of the nitro groups of the neighboring complex anions. The thermal behavior of the complexes in a hydrogen atmosphere was investigated. The final product of thermolysis prepared at the temperature 600°C is a two-phase mixture of pure metallic gold and the solid solution Rh0.93Au0.07.

  9. Suid...Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Geneeskunde South African Medical ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Postpartum blood loss had not been excessive and she had regular menses for ... Therapy was started with a high-protein diet, vitamin supple- ments and ... coupled with the fine kin and scanty secondary sex hair, raised the .... 1n 194 D ngelo.

  10. Measurements of Multiparticle Correlations in d +Au Collisions at 200, 62.4, 39, and 19.6 GeV and p +Au Collisions at 200 GeV and Implications for Collective Behavior

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aidala, C.; Akiba, Y.; Alfred, M.; Andrieux, V.; Aoki, K.; Apadula, N.; Asano, H.; Ayuso, C.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bagoly, A.; Bandara, N. S.; Barish, K. N.; Bathe, S.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beaumier, M.; Belmont, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Blau, D. S.; Boer, M.; Bok, J. S.; Brooks, M. L.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Bumazhnov, V.; Butler, C.; Campbell, S.; Canoa Roman, V.; Cervantes, R.; Chi, C. Y.; Chiu, M.; Choi, I. J.; Choi, J. B.; Citron, Z.; Connors, M.; Cronin, N.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Danley, T. W.; Daugherity, M. S.; David, G.; Deblasio, K.; Dehmelt, K.; Denisov, A.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dion, A.; Dixit, D.; Do, J. H.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Dumancic, M.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; Elder, T.; Enokizono, A.; En'yo, H.; Esumi, S.; Fadem, B.; Fan, W.; Feege, N.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Fokin, S. L.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fukuda, Y.; Gal, C.; Gallus, P.; Garg, P.; Ge, H.; Giordano, F.; Goto, Y.; Grau, N.; Greene, S. V.; Grosse Perdekamp, M.; Gunji, T.; Guragain, H.; Hachiya, T.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamilton, H. F.; Han, S. Y.; Hanks, J.; Hasegawa, S.; Haseler, T. O. S.; He, X.; Hemmick, T. K.; Hill, J. C.; Hill, K.; Hodges, A.; Hollis, R. S.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Hoshino, T.; Hotvedt, N.; Huang, J.; Huang, S.; Imai, K.; Imrek, J.; Inaba, M.; Iordanova, A.; Isenhower, D.; Ito, Y.; Ivanishchev, D.; Jacak, B. V.; Jezghani, M.; Ji, Z.; Jiang, X.; Johnson, B. M.; Jorjadze, V.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kang, J. H.; Kapukchyan, D.; Karthas, S.; Kawall, D.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Khachatryan, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kim, C.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E.-J.; Kim, M.; Kim, M. H.; Kincses, D.; Kistenev, E.; Klatsky, J.; Kline, P.; Koblesky, T.; Kotov, D.; Kudo, S.; Kurita, K.; Kwon, Y.; Lajoie, J. G.; Lallow, E. O.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, S.; Lee, S. H.; Leitch, M. J.; Leung, Y. H.; Lewis, N. A.; Li, X.; Lim, S. H.; Liu, L. D.; Liu, M. X.; Loggins, V.-R.; Lökös, S.; Lovasz, K.; Lynch, D.; Majoros, T.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Makek, M.; Malaev, M.; Manko, V. I.; Mannel, E.; Masuda, H.; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; McGlinchey, D.; McKinney, C.; Mendoza, M.; Metzger, W. J.; Mignerey, A. C.; Mihalik, D. E.; Milov, A.; Mishra, D. K.; Mitchell, J. T.; Mitsuka, G.; Miyasaka, S.; Mizuno, S.; Montuenga, P.; Moon, T.; Morrison, D. P.; Morrow, S. I. M.; Murakami, T.; Murata, J.; Nagai, K.; Nagashima, K.; Nagashima, T.; Nagle, J. L.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakagomi, H.; Nakano, K.; Nattrass, C.; Niida, T.; Nouicer, R.; Novák, T.; Novitzky, N.; Novotny, R.; Nyanin, A. S.; O'Brien, E.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Orjuela Koop, J. D.; Osborn, J. D.; Oskarsson, A.; Ottino, G. J.; Ozawa, K.; Pantuev, V.; Papavassiliou, V.; Park, J. S.; Park, S.; Pate, S. F.; Patel, M.; Peng, W.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Perera, G. D. N.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Perezlara, C. E.; Perry, J.; Petti, R.; Phipps, M.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pisani, R. P.; Pun, A.; Purschke, M. L.; Radzevich, P. V.; Read, K. F.; Reynolds, D.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Richford, D.; Rinn, T.; Rolnick, S. D.; Rosati, M.; Rowan, Z.; Runchey, J.; Safonov, A. S.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sako, H.; Samsonov, V.; Sarsour, M.; Sato, K.; Sato, S.; Schaefer, B.; Schmoll, B. K.; Sedgwick, K.; Seidl, R.; Sen, A.; Seto, R.; Sexton, A.; Sharma, D.; Shein, I.; Shibata, T.-A.; Shigaki, K.; Shimomura, M.; Shioya, T.; Shukla, P.; Sickles, A.; Silva, C. L.; Silvermyr, D.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Skoby, M. J.; Slunečka, M.; Smith, K. L.; Snowball, M.; Soltz, R. A.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sorensen, S. P.; Sourikova, I. V.; Stankus, P. W.; Stoll, S. P.; Sugitate, T.; Sukhanov, A.; Sumita, T.; Sun, J.; Syed, S.; Sziklai, J.; Takeda, A.; Tanida, K.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; Tarafdar, S.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnai, G.; Tieulent, R.; Timilsina, A.; Todoroki, T.; Tomášek, M.; Towell, C. L.; Towell, R. S.; Tserruya, I.; Ueda, Y.; Ujvari, B.; van Hecke, H. W.; Vazquez-Carson, S.; Velkovska, J.; Virius, M.; Vrba, V.; Vukman, N.; Wang, X. R.; Wang, Z.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, Y. S.; Wong, C. P.; Woody, C. L.; Xu, C.; Xu, Q.; Xue, L.; Yalcin, S.; Yamaguchi, Y. L.; Yamamoto, H.; Yanovich, A.; Yin, P.; Yoo, J. H.; Yoon, I.; Yu, H.; Yushmanov, I. E.; Zajc, W. A.; Zelenski, A.; Zharko, S.; Zou, L.; Phenix Collaboration

    2018-02-01

    Recently, multiparticle-correlation measurements of relativistic p /d /He 3 +Au , p +Pb , and even p +p collisions show surprising collective signatures. Here, we present beam-energy-scan measurements of two-, four-, and six-particle angular correlations in d +Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 , 62.4, 39, and 19.6 GeV. We also present measurements of two- and four-particle angular correlations in p +Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV . We find the four-particle cumulant to be real valued for d +Au collisions at all four energies. We also find that the four-particle cumulant in p +Au has the opposite sign as that in d +Au . Further, we find that the six-particle cumulant agrees with the four-particle cumulant in d +Au collisions at 200 GeV, indicating that nonflow effects are subdominant. These observations provide strong evidence that the correlations originate from the initial geometric configuration, which is then translated into the momentum distribution for all particles, commonly referred to as collectivity.

  11. Feasibility and outcome of emergency ureteroscopic removal of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    W. Shabana

    2016-07-30

    Jul 30, 2016 ... ment of a ureteral catheter or a nephrostomy tube for pain relief, followed by definite treatment .... Indian J Urol 2008;24(4. (October–December)):461–6. ... therapy after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Eur Urol Suppl.

  12. Superior antibacterial activity of GlcN-AuNP-GO by ultraviolet irradiation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Govindaraju, Saravanan; Samal, Monica; Yun, Kyusik, E-mail: ykyusik@gachon.ac.kr

    2016-12-01

    A complete bacterialysis analysis of glucosamine-gold nanoparticle-graphene oxide (GlcN-AuNP-GO) and UV-irradiated GlcN-AuNP-GO was conducted. Analytical characterization of GlcN-AuNPs, GO and GlcN-AuNP-GO revealed UV-Vis absorbance peak at around 230 and 500 nm. Microscopic characterization of prepared nanomaterials was performed by scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscopy, and high-resolution transmission microscopy. The results confirmed that the GlcN-AuNPs were uniformly decorated on the surface and edges of graphene sheets. In addition, potent antibacterial activity of GlcN-AuNP-GO that was UV irradiated for 10 min and normal GlcN-AuNP-GO was detected, compared to the standard drug kanamycin, against both Gram-negative and positive bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and fluorescence intensity spectra results for Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis showed that the UV-irradiated GlcN-AuNP-GO has better antibacterial activity than normal GlcN-AuNP-GO and kanamycin. Morphological changes were detected by AFM after treatment. These results confirmed that GlcN-AuNP-GO is a potent antibacterial agent with good potential for use in manufacturing medical instruments, pharmaceutical industries and in waste water treatment. - Highlights: • Glucosamine-gold nanoaprticle-graphene oxide (GlcN-AuNPs-GO) was synthesized. • Analytical and morphological characterizations were revealed. • UV irradiated GlcN-AuNP-GO has provide better antibacterial activity. • Morphological changes of before and after treating bacterial strains were imaged.

  13. BEYOND THE MALTESE CROSS: GEOMETRY OF TURBULENCE BETWEEN 0.2 AND 1 au

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Verdini, Andrea [Lesia, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon (France); LPP, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau (France); Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris (France); Grappin, Roland [LPP, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau (France)

    2016-11-10

    The spectral anisotropy of turbulent structures has been measured in the solar wind since 1990, relying on the assumption of axisymmetry about the mean magnetic field, B {sub 0}. However, several works indicate that this hypothesis might be partially wrong, thus raising two questions: (i) is it correct to interpret measurements at 1 au (the so-called Maltese cross) in term of a sum of slab and two-dimensional (2D) turbulence; and (ii) what information is really contained in the Maltese cross? We solve direct numerical simulations of the magnetohydrodynamic equations including the transverse stretching exerted by the solar wind flow and study the genuine 3D anisotropy of turbulence as well as that one resulting from the assumption of axisymmetry about B {sub 0}. We show that the evolution of the turbulent spectrum from 0.2 to 1 au depends strongly on its initial anisotropy. An axisymmetric spectrum with respect to B {sub 0} keeps its axisymmetry, i.e., resists stretching perpendicular to radial, while an isotropic spectrum becomes essentially axisymmetric with respect to the radial direction. We conclude that close to the Sun, slow-wind turbulence has a spectrum that is axisymmetric around B {sub 0} and the measured 2D component at 1 au describes the real shape of turbulent structures. In contrast, fast-wind turbulence has a more isotropic spectrum at the source and becomes radially symmetric at 1 au. Such structure is hidden by the symmetrization applied to the data that instead returns a slab geometry.

  14. Chemical and electrical characteristics of annealed Ni/Au and Ni/Ir/Au contacts on AlGaN

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ngoepe, P.N.M., E-mail: phuti.ngoepe@up.ac.za [Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028 (South Africa); Meyer, W.E.; Auret, F.D.; Omotoso, E.; Diale, M. [Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028 (South Africa); Swart, H.C.; Duvenhage, M.M.; Coetsee, E. [Department of Physics, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300 (South Africa)

    2016-01-01

    The evolution of Ni/Au and Ni/Ir/Au metal contacts deposited on AlGaN was investigated at different annealing temperatures. The samples were studied with electrical and chemical composition techniques. I–V characteristics of the Schottky diodes were optimum after 500 and 600 °C annealing for Ni/Au and Ni/Ir/Au based diodes, respectively. The depth profiles of the contacts were measured by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy. These chemical composition techniques were used to examine the evolution of the metal contacts in order to verify the influence the metals have on the electrical properties of the diodes. The insertion of Ir as a diffusion barrier between Ni and Au effected the electrical properties, improving the stability of the contacts at high temperatures. Gold diffused into the AlGaN film, degrading the electrical properties of the Ni/Au diode. At 500 °C, the insertion of Ir, however, prevented the in-diffusion of Au into the AlGaN substrate.

  15. Effect of tautomerism on Au-6-mercaptopurine nanocluster stability

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rashidpour, Neda; Kashid, Vikas; Shah, Vaishali

    2013-02-01

    We have investigated the stability of conjugated nanoparticles of Au-6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) using ab initio density functional theory. We have studied the conjugation of the 6 tautomers of 6-MP via the different atomic sites with the gold nanoparticles. Our results show that the least stable tautomer has the strongest adsorption with the Au nanoparticles whereas the most stable tautomer has the weakest adsorption. We will discuss our results to explain the experimentally observed increased plasma half life time of the conjugated drug in vitro.

  16. La previsión episódica en la etapa pre-escolar: equivalencia entre medidas y su relación con los procesos de orientación futura y la teoría de la mente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Vásquez Echeverría

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo examina la equivalencia entre diferentes medidas de previsión episódica y su relación con los procesos orientados a futuro, y la teoría de la mente en la edad pre-escolar. Los procesos orientados a futuro y la previsión episódica (PE, han sido señalados como componentes importantes para ciertos logros evolutivos como la planificación, la auto-regulación y adaptación social. También se ha postulado que pensamiento futuro episódico y teoría de la mente están relacionados, en virtud de su sustrato neural compartido. El primer estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar la coherencia de desarrollo entre las medidas de PE, y de estas con la postergación de la gratificación auto-impuesta controlando según la aptitud general de razonamiento, y participaron 15 niños de 3 y 4 años. El segundo, tuvo por objetivo explorar la relación entre PE, los procesos orientados a futuro, la teoría de la mente controlando según lenguaje, participando 78 niños de 4 años. Los resultados muestran que las diferentes medidas para evaluar la PE son equivalentes. También se encontró un alto grado de coherencia comportamental entre las medidas evaluadas. Sin embargo, los datos no aportan evidencia evolutiva que permitan incluir a la PE dentro de los constructos más amplios estudiados.

  17. First-principles study of SF{sub 6} decomposed gas adsorbed on Au-decorated graphene

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhang, Xiaoxing, E-mail: xiaoxing.zhang@outlook.com [State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044 (China); Yu, Lei; Gui, Yingang [State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044 (China); Hu, Weihua [Institute for Clean Energy & Advanced Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715 (China)

    2016-03-30

    Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • We theoretically investigated the decomposed gaseous components of sulfur hexafluoride (SF{sub 6}), namely, H{sub 2}S, SO{sub 2}, SOF{sub 2}, and SO{sub 2}F{sub 2}, adsorbed on pristine and Au-embedded graphene based on DFT-D, in which the van der Waals effect is considered. • H{sub 2}S, SO{sub 2}, SOF{sub 2}, and SO{sub 2}F{sub 2} are chemisorption on Au-doped graphene, appreciably stronger than physisorption on pristine graphene in which the van der Waals dominates. • Only H{sub 2}S exhibits n-type doping to Au-graphene, whereas the rest gases exhibit p-type doping. The n-type and p-type sensing behaviors that Au-doped graphene displays to different gases play a crucial role in selective sensing application. • Magnetic moments fluctuate substantially in the original Au-graphene when H{sub 2}S and SO{sub 2} are adsorbed. While the adsorption effects of SOF{sub 2} and SO{sub 2}F{sub 2} generate magnetism quenching. The different changes of magnetic moments in every adsorption system provide another approach to selective detection. • The charge transfer mechanism is deeply discussed in this paper. - Abstract: We theoretically investigated the decomposed gaseous components of sulfur hexafluoride (SF{sub 6}), namely, H{sub 2}S, SO{sub 2}, SOF{sub 2}, and SO{sub 2}F{sub 2}, adsorbed on pristine and Au-embedded graphene based on the revised Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof calculation, which empirically includes a dispersion correction (DFT-D) for van der Waals interaction with standard generalized gradient approximation. Pristine graphene exhibits weak adsorption and absence of charge transfer, which indicates barely satisfactory sensing for decomposed components. The Au atom introduces magnetism to the pristine graphene after metal-embedded decoration as well as enhances conductivity. All four molecules induce certain hybridization between the molecules and Au-graphene, which results in chemical interactions. SOF{sub 2} and SO

  18. Single electron yields from semileptonic charm and bottom hadron decays in Au +Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adare, A.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Akiba, Y.; Akimoto, R.; Alexander, J.; Alfred, M.; Aoki, K.; Apadula, N.; Aramaki, Y.; Asano, H.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Atomssa, E. T.; Awes, T. C.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bai, M.; Bandara, N. S.; Bannier, B.; Barish, K. N.; Bassalleck, B.; Bathe, S.; Baublis, V.; Baumgart, S.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beaumier, M.; Beckman, S.; Belmont, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Black, D.; Blau, D. S.; Bok, J. S.; Boyle, K.; Brooks, M. L.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Buesching, H.; Bumazhnov, V.; Butsyk, S.; Campbell, S.; Chen, C.-H.; Chi, C. Y.; Chiu, M.; Choi, I. J.; Choi, J. B.; Choi, S.; Choudhury, R. K.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Chvala, O.; Cianciolo, V.; Citron, Z.; Cole, B. A.; Connors, M.; Cronin, N.; Crossette, N.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Dairaku, S.; Danley, T. W.; Datta, A.; Daugherity, M. S.; David, G.; Deblasio, K.; Dehmelt, K.; Denisov, A.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dietzsch, O.; Ding, L.; Dion, A.; Diss, P. B.; Do, J. H.; Donadelli, M.; D'Orazio, L.; Drapier, O.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; Edwards, S.; Efremenko, Y. V.; Engelmore, T.; Enokizono, A.; Esumi, S.; Eyser, K. O.; Fadem, B.; Feege, N.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Fleuret, F.; Fokin, S. L.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fukao, Y.; Fusayasu, T.; Gainey, K.; Gal, C.; Gallus, P.; Garg, P.; Garishvili, A.; Garishvili, I.; Ge, H.; Giordano, F.; Glenn, A.; Gong, X.; Gonin, M.; Goto, Y.; Granier de Cassagnac, R.; Grau, N.; Greene, S. V.; Grosse Perdekamp, M.; Gu, Y.; Gunji, T.; Hachiya, T.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamilton, H. F.; Han, S. Y.; Hanks, J.; Hasegawa, S.; Haseler, T. O. S.; Hashimoto, K.; Hayano, R.; Hayashi, S.; He, X.; Hemmick, T. K.; Hester, T.; Hill, J. C.; Hollis, R. S.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Horaguchi, T.; Hoshino, T.; Hotvedt, N.; Huang, J.; Huang, S.; Ichihara, T.; Iinuma, H.; Ikeda, Y.; Imai, K.; Imazu, Y.; Imrek, J.; Inaba, M.; Iordanova, A.; Isenhower, D.; Isinhue, A.; Ivanishchev, D.; Jacak, B. V.; Javani, M.; Jezghani, M.; Jia, J.; Jiang, X.; Johnson, B. M.; Joo, K. S.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kamin, J.; Kanda, S.; Kang, B. H.; Kang, J. H.; Kang, J. S.; Kapustinsky, J.; Karatsu, K.; Kawall, D.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Kempel, T.; Key, J. A.; Khachatryan, V.; Khandai, P. K.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kijima, K. M.; Kim, B. I.; Kim, C.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E.-J.; Kim, G. W.; Kim, M.; Kim, Y.-J.; Kim, Y. K.; Kimelman, B.; Kinney, E.; Kistenev, E.; Kitamura, R.; Klatsky, J.; Kleinjan, D.; Kline, P.; Koblesky, T.; Komkov, B.; Koster, J.; Kotchetkov, D.; Kotov, D.; Krizek, F.; Kurita, K.; Kurosawa, M.; Kwon, Y.; Kyle, G. S.; Lacey, R.; Lai, Y. S.; Lajoie, J. G.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, D. M.; Lee, J.; Lee, K. B.; Lee, K. S.; Lee, S.; Lee, S. H.; Lee, S. R.; Leitch, M. J.; Leite, M. A. L.; Leitgab, M.; Lewis, B.; Li, X.; Lim, S. H.; Linden Levy, L. A.; Liu, M. X.; Lynch, D.; Maguire, C. F.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Makek, M.; Manion, A.; Manko, V. I.; Mannel, E.; Maruyama, T.; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; McGlinchey, D.; McKinney, C.; Meles, A.; Mendoza, M.; Meredith, B.; Miake, Y.; Mibe, T.; Midori, J.; Mignerey, A. C.; Milov, A.; Mishra, D. K.; Mitchell, J. T.; Miyasaka, S.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, A. K.; Mohapatra, S.; Montuenga, P.; Moon, H. J.; Moon, T.; Morrison, D. P.; Moskowitz, M.; Moukhanova, T. V.; Murakami, T.; Murata, J.; Mwai, A.; Nagae, T.; Nagamiya, S.; Nagashima, K.; Nagle, J. L.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakagomi, H.; Nakamiya, Y.; Nakamura, K. R.; Nakamura, T.; Nakano, K.; Nattrass, C.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Nihashi, M.; Niida, T.; Nishimura, S.; Nouicer, R.; Novák, T.; Novitzky, N.; Nukariya, A.; Nyanin, A. S.; Obayashi, H.; O'Brien, E.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Okada, K.; Orjuela Koop, J. D.; Osborn, J. D.; Oskarsson, A.; Ozawa, K.; Pak, R.; Pantuev, V.; Papavassiliou, V.; Park, I. H.; Park, J. S.; Park, S.; Park, S. K.; Pate, S. F.; Patel, L.; Patel, M.; Pei, H.; Peng, J.-C.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Perera, G. D. N.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Perry, J.; Petti, R.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pinson, R.; Pisani, R. P.; Purschke, M. L.; Qu, H.; Rak, J.; Ramson, B. J.; Ravinovich, I.; Read, K. F.; Reynolds, D.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Richardson, E.; Rinn, T.; Riveli, N.; Roach, D.; Roche, G.; Rolnick, S. D.; Rosati, M.; Rowan, Z.; Rubin, J. G.; Ryu, M. S.; Sahlmueller, B.; Saito, N.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sako, H.; Samsonov, V.; Sarsour, M.; Sato, S.; Sawada, S.; Schaefer, B.; Schmoll, B. K.; Sedgwick, K.; Seidl, R.; Sen, A.; Seto, R.; Sett, P.; Sexton, A.; Sharma, D.; Shein, I.; Shibata, T.-A.; Shigaki, K.; Shimomura, M.; Shoji, K.; Shukla, P.; Sickles, A.; Silva, C. L.; Silvermyr, D.; Sim, K. S.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Skolnik, M.; Slunečka, M.; Snowball, M.; Solano, S.; Soltz, R. A.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sorensen, S. P.; Sourikova, I. V.; Stankus, P. W.; Steinberg, P.; Stenlund, E.; Stepanov, M.; Ster, A.; Stoll, S. P.; Sugitate, T.; Sukhanov, A.; Sumita, T.; Sun, J.; Sziklai, J.; Takagui, E. M.; Takahara, A.; Taketani, A.; Tanaka, Y.; Taneja, S.; Tanida, K.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; Tarafdar, S.; Taranenko, A.; Tennant, E.; Tieulent, R.; Timilsina, A.; Todoroki, T.; Tomášek, M.; Torii, H.; Towell, C. L.; Towell, R.; Towell, R. S.; Tserruya, I.; Tsuchimoto, Y.; Vale, C.; van Hecke, H. W.; Vargyas, M.; Vazquez-Zambrano, E.; Veicht, A.; Velkovska, J.; Vértesi, R.; Virius, M.; Voas, B.; Vrba, V.; Vznuzdaev, E.; Wang, X. R.; Watanabe, D.; Watanabe, K.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, Y. S.; Wei, F.; Whitaker, S.; White, A. S.; White, S. N.; Winter, D.; Wolin, S.; Woody, C. L.; Wysocki, M.; Xia, B.; Xue, L.; Yalcin, S.; Yamaguchi, Y. L.; Yanovich, A.; Ying, J.; Yokkaichi, S.; Yoo, J. H.; Yoon, I.; You, Z.; Younus, I.; Yu, H.; Yushmanov, I. E.; Zajc, W. A.; Zelenski, A.; Zhou, S.; Zou, L.; Phenix Collaboration

    2016-03-01

    The PHENIX Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured open heavy flavor production in minimum bias Au +Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV via the yields of electrons from semileptonic decays of charm and bottom hadrons. Previous heavy flavor electron measurements indicated substantial modification in the momentum distribution of the parent heavy quarks owing to the quark-gluon plasma created in these collisions. For the first time, using the PHENIX silicon vertex detector to measure precision displaced tracking, the relative contributions from charm and bottom hadrons to these electrons as a function of transverse momentum are measured in Au +Au collisions. We compare the fraction of electrons from bottom hadrons to previously published results extracted from electron-hadron correlations in p +p collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV and find the fractions to be similar within the large uncertainties on both measurements for pT>4 GeV/c . We use the bottom electron fractions in Au +Au and p +p along with the previously measured heavy flavor electron RA A to calculate the RA A for electrons from charm and bottom hadron decays separately. We find that electrons from bottom hadron decays are less suppressed than those from charm for the region 3

  19. NUEVAS PERSPECTIVAS EN TORNO A LA TEORÍA DE LA MENTE: APLICACIÓN PRÁCTICA EN EL ÁMBITO FAMILIAR Y ESCOLAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nuria Galende Pérez

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta de evaluación de la Teoría de la Mente (ToM en niños de 5 años en entornos escolares, así como una propuesta de orientación educativa para su potenciación en el ámbito familiar. Dadas las importantes implicaciones cognitivas y socio-emocionales de esta habilidad, la citada propuesta educativa consiste en una serie de orientaciones -basadas en datos empíricos de investigaciones sobre el tema- que los padres/ madres pueden llevar a cabo bajo supervisión profesional para potenciar el desarrollo de la Teoría de la Mente de sus hijos/as. La propuesta incide en aspectos como la potenciación del vínculo afectivo, la calidad de las relaciones fraternas, el uso de la disciplina democrática, la expresión y regulación de las emociones, la estimulación del desarrollo lingüístico, el fomento de la toma de conciencia de estados mentales, intenciones y deseos de otras personas y la práctica de estrategias de distanciamiento.

  20. Texture variations and atomic dislocations by Ar-irradiation in Au and NbN sputtered layers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jung, V.

    1988-02-01

    Irradiation of Au and NbN sputtered layers with Ar ++ ions of 600 keV leads to a narrower orientation distribution of the [111] direction of the Au layers from 12 0 FWHM to 6 0 and to only very small FWHM changes in texture distributions of the NbN layers. But the FWHM of the reflex distribution of the irradiated NbN layers is increased significantly from ΔΘ = 0.65 0 to 1.17 0 for one sample position. This is caused by small atomic dislocations in the NbN lattice. The FWHM of reflex distribution of the Au layers increased only from ΔΘ = 0.60 0 to 0.65 0 after irradiation. Oblique incidence of Ar ++ ions causes, by absence of channeling, stronger distortions than perpendicular incidence. (orig.) [de

  1. In situ ion channeling study of gallium disorder and gold profiles in Au-implanted GaN

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jiang, W.; Weber, W. J.; Thevuthasan, S.

    2000-01-01

    Disorder accumulation and annealing behavior on the Ga sublattice in gallium nitride (GaN) implanted with 1.0 MeV Au 2+ (60 degree sign off surface normal) at 180 or 300 K have been studied using in situ Rutherford backscattering spectrometry in a -channeling geometry. Complete amorphization in GaN is attained at 6.0 and 20 Au 2+ /nm 2 for irradiation at 180 and 300 K, respectively. A saturation in the Ga disorder at and behind the damage peak was observed at intermediate ion fluences at both 180 and 300 K. No measurable thermal recovery was found at 300 K for the full range of damage produced at 180 K. However, distinct epitaxial regrowth in the bulk and Ga reordering at surface occurred after annealing at 870 K. The implanted Au readily diffuses into the highly damaged regions at elevated temperatures, and the redistribution of the Au atoms in the implanted GaN varies with the damage profiles. A double-peak Au profile developed with the maxima located in the amorphous surface region and near the Au mean projected range. The result is interpreted as Au atom diffusion into the amorphous regime near the surface and Au trapping at irradiation-induced defects in the crystal structure. This trapping effect is also evidenced in this study by the suppressed recovery of the Au-decorated disorder in GaN. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics

  2. Teoría de la mente en un grupo de personas vinculadas al conflicto armado y en proceso de resocialización

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mónica Gómez

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available La teoría de la mente es la capacidad de inferir, predecir y atribuir estados mentales a otras personas. Este constructo ha sido estudiado desde numerosas patologías, como el autismo, la esquizofrenia y el síndrome de down. Estudios recientes han mostrado que las alteraciones de la teoría de la mente pueden ser observadas en los diferentes cuadros clínicos derivados de alteraciones del lóbulo frontal, como la personalidad antisocial. Algunos autores plantean que un aspecto esencial de la teoría de la mente es la empatía. Sin embargo, este constructo no ha sido estudiado en población normal colombiana con conductas violentas y delictivas que han estado vinculadas al conflicto armado. Este artículo tiene como propósito describir algunas características de la tom en sujetos que estuvieron vinculados al conflicto armado en antioquia con manifestaciones sintomáticas relacionadas con comportamientos violentos y delictivos.

  3. QUELQUES ELEMENTS DE L’ACTIVITE DE LA CAISSE EN 2006

    CERN Multimedia

    2007-01-01

    The complete translation of the article will be available next week.Composition du Conseil d’administration (au 31 décembre 2006) Membres Nommés par E. Chiaveri (suppléant : T. Lagrange) Directeur général du CERN D. Duret (suppléant : G. Deroma) Association du personnel du CERN F. Ferrini (suppléant : D.-O. Riska) Conseil du CERN R. Fischer (suppléant : K. Banse) Directeur général de l’ESO C. Hauviller (suppléant : G. de la Fuente) élu par les membres de la Caisse J. Lahaye (suppléant : P. Martel) élu par les membres de la Caisse P. Levaux (suppléant : F. Bello) Conseil du CERN J.-P. Matheys (suppléante : F. Ranjard) élu par les membres de la Caisse S. Myers (suppléant : F. Sonnemann) élu par les membres de la Caisse A.J. Naudi (suppléant : P. Geeraert) Directeur général du CERN Observateur des ...

  4. TEMPLET V7 N1

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Val

    fer/folate et autres micronutriments, l'hygiène alimentaire et individuelle pour lutter contre les parasitoses. Au terme de la formation, l'équipe du projet (un médecin et une nutritionniste) ont assuré un suivi régulier de la pratique de supplémentation et des consultations prénatales au niveau des CSCOMs jusqu'à la fin du.

  5. Historia del Desarrollo del Mapa de la Mente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge González Hernández

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available Aunque el desarrollo de la neurología y psicología se remonta cientos de años, la investigación en neurociencias a gran escala es un logro del siglo XX. En estos últimos 100 años, se ha generado gran parte del cuerpo de conocimientos que sustenta nuestra visión general del sistema nervioso. Numerosas características bioquímicas, fisiológicas, farmacológicas y estructurales del cerebro han sido descritas, primero en invertebrados y luego en vertebrados. En los últimos años, esfuerzos importantes han sido destinados también a definir las bases de las funciones de percepción, emoción, memoria, atención y cognición. Por último, tanto los métodos experimentales como la observación de individuos (a menudo pacientes con lesiones definidas nos han permitido asociar ciertas funciones a regiones neuroanatómicas específicas. Como resultado, hoy tenemos un campo de estudio del cerebro y las ciencias cognitivas (mente tan bullente en información como en incógnitas de compleja solución. El misterio de la relación mente/cerebro es un viaje apasionante a través de un laberinto de información, hipótesis y teorías, que captura tanto al estudioso de la biología como al matemático o al filósofo. De hecho, solo parece razonable enfrentar tamaña tarea desde las trincheras de la interdisciplinariedad, dada la multiplicidad de los componentes y su naturaleza que solo emerge desde un todo coherente.

  6. Simultaneous determination of paracetamol and ascorbic acid using tetraoctylammonium bromide capped gold nanoparticles immobilized on 1,6-hexanedithiol modified Au electrode

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nair, Santhosh S.; John, S. Abraham; Sagara, Takamasa

    2009-01-01

    Tetraoctylammonium bromide stabilized gold nanoparticles (TOAB-AuNPs) attached to 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT) modified Au electrode was used for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PA) and ascorbic acid (AA) at physiological pH. The attachment of TOAB-AuNPs on HDT modified Au surface was confirmed by attenuated total reflectance (ATR)-FT-IR spectroscopy and atomic force microscope (AFM). The ATR-FT-IR spectrum of TOAB-AuNPs attached to the HDT monolayer showed a characteristic stretching modes corresponding to -CH 2 and -CH 3 of TOAB, confirming the immobilization of AuNPs with surface-protecting TOAB ions on the surface of the AuNPs after being attached to HDT modified Au electrode. AFM image showed that the immobilized AuNPs were spherical in shape and densely packed to a film of ca. 7 nm thickness. Interestingly, TOAB-AuNPs modified electrode shifted the oxidation potential of PA towards less positive potential by 70 mV and enhanced its oxidation current twice when compared to bare Au electrode. In addition, the AuNPs modified electrode separated the oxidation potentials of AA and PA by 210 mV, whereas bare Au electrode failed to resolve them. The amperometry current of PA was increased linearly from 1.50 x 10 -7 to 1.34 x 10 -5 M with a correlation coefficient of 0.9981 and the lowest detection limit was found to be 2.6 nM (S/N = 3). The present method was successfully used to determine the concentration of PA in human blood plasma and commercial drugs.

  7. Simultaneous determination of paracetamol and ascorbic acid using tetraoctylammonium bromide capped gold nanoparticles immobilized on 1,6-hexanedithiol modified Au electrode

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nair, Santhosh S. [Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural University, Gandhigram 624302, Dindigul (India); John, S. Abraham [Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural University, Gandhigram 624302, Dindigul (India)], E-mail: abrajohn@yahoo.co.in; Sagara, Takamasa [Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural University, Gandhigram 624302, Dindigul (India)], E-mail: sagara@nagasaki-u.ac.jp

    2009-11-30

    Tetraoctylammonium bromide stabilized gold nanoparticles (TOAB-AuNPs) attached to 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT) modified Au electrode was used for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PA) and ascorbic acid (AA) at physiological pH. The attachment of TOAB-AuNPs on HDT modified Au surface was confirmed by attenuated total reflectance (ATR)-FT-IR spectroscopy and atomic force microscope (AFM). The ATR-FT-IR spectrum of TOAB-AuNPs attached to the HDT monolayer showed a characteristic stretching modes corresponding to -CH{sub 2} and -CH{sub 3} of TOAB, confirming the immobilization of AuNPs with surface-protecting TOAB ions on the surface of the AuNPs after being attached to HDT modified Au electrode. AFM image showed that the immobilized AuNPs were spherical in shape and densely packed to a film of ca. 7 nm thickness. Interestingly, TOAB-AuNPs modified electrode shifted the oxidation potential of PA towards less positive potential by 70 mV and enhanced its oxidation current twice when compared to bare Au electrode. In addition, the AuNPs modified electrode separated the oxidation potentials of AA and PA by 210 mV, whereas bare Au electrode failed to resolve them. The amperometry current of PA was increased linearly from 1.50 x 10{sup -7} to 1.34 x 10{sup -5} M with a correlation coefficient of 0.9981 and the lowest detection limit was found to be 2.6 nM (S/N = 3). The present method was successfully used to determine the concentration of PA in human blood plasma and commercial drugs.

  8. Women, Migration and Rights in Mali and Sénégal | CRDI - Centre ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  9. L’orientation au travail des générations : le cas de la génération X au Québec

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Charles Fleury

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available Le présent article examine l’évolution de l’orientation au travail des membres de la génération X au Québec, génération dont les difficultés d’insertion professionnelle et les valeurs de jeunesse ont suscité de multiples interrogations au cours des années 1980 et au début des années 1990. S’appuyant sur des données d’enquête récoltées entre 1981 et 2006, il examine plus spécifiquement l’évolution de la valeur accordée au travail et de la signification du travail au sein de cette génération et en regard des autres générations. Il montre que, contrairement aux thèses défendues par plusieurs sociologues de la jeunesse au cours des années 1980 et 1990, l’orientation au travail des membres de la génération X se distingue assez peu de celle des autres générations. Il conclut que les difficultés économiques rencontrées de manière toute particulière par les membres de la génération X au moment de leur insertion professionnelle n’ont pas modifié, de manière durable et typique, leur orientation au travail.This paper examines the evolution of work orientation of members of the X generation in Quebec whose difficulties of employability and youth values sparked multiple questions in the 1980s and early 1990s. Based on survey data collected between 1981 and 2006, it specifically examines the evolution of the importance given to work and the meaning of work in this generation when compared with other generations. It shows that unlike numerous theses defended by some youth sociologists in the 1980s and 1990s, work orientation of the members of the X generation differs little from other generations. It concludes that the specific economic difficulties experienced by members of X generation have not changed their work orientation in a typical and sustainable way.Este artículo examina la evolución de la orientación laboral de los miembros de la generación X en Quebec cuyos problemas de inserción laboral y

  10. Au-CuO core-shell nanoparticles design and development for the selective determination of Vitamin B6

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kumar, Deivasigamani Ranjith; Manoj, Devaraj; Santhanalakshmi, Jayadevan; Shim, Jae-Jin

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • Seed mediated growth of Au-CuO core-shell nanoparticle. • Au-CuO core-shell nanoparticle provided good peak current for pyridoxine. • Au-CuO/MWCNTs/GC exhibited excellent vitamin B 6 peak separation with other vitamin. - Abstract: This paper reports the synthesis of gold (core)-copper oxide (shell) nanoparticles using a simple seed mediated growth method. Pre-synthesized Au nanoparticles were used as seed materials for copper oxide shell growth, which were shown to be effective for Au-CuO core-shell formation. The novelty of this assembly strategy is that the exploitation of the Cu-ligand, which is thermolyzed on the Au nanoseed surface, results in the formation of CuO. Au-CuO core-shell nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The as prepared Au-CuO was used to fabricate a Au-CuO/MWCNTs/GC-modified electrode, which was applied to Vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine) determination by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The MWCNTs enhance the pyridoxine oxidation rate by increasing the peak current with Au-CuO, hence pyridoxine oxidized lower operating potentials. The Au-CuO/MWCNTs/GC-modified electrode showed excellent electrochemical performance towards pyridoxine (PY) in the presence of other typical vitamins, such as riboflavin, ascorbic acid and uric acid. The linear calibration graph was obtained over the PY concentration range of 0.79 μM–18.4 μM and the detection limit (S/N = 3) was 0.15 μM. The Au-CuO/MWCNTs/GC-modified electrode showed good stability, repeatability and recovery of real sample analysis

  11. Far-infrared spectra of yttrium-doped gold clusters Au(n)Y (n=1-9).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Ling; Claes, Pieterjan; Gruene, Philipp; Meijer, Gerard; Fielicke, André; Nguyen, Minh Tho; Lievens, Peter

    2010-06-21

    The geometric, spectroscopic, and electronic properties of neutral yttrium-doped gold clusters Au(n)Y (n=1-9) are studied by far-infrared multiple photon dissociation (FIR-MPD) spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. Comparison of the observed and calculated vibrational spectra allows the structures of the isomers present in the molecular beam to be determined. Most of the isomers for which the IR spectra agree best with experiment are calculated to be the energetically most stable ones. Attachment of xenon to the Au(n)Y cluster can cause changes in the IR spectra, which involve band shifts and band splittings. In some cases symmetry changes, as a result of the attachment of xenon atoms, were also observed. All the Au(n)Y clusters considered prefer a low spin state. In contrast to pure gold clusters, which exhibit exclusively planar lowest-energy structures for small sizes, several of the studied species are three-dimensional. This is particularly the case for Au(4)Y and Au(9)Y, while for some other sizes (n=5, 8) the 3D structures have an energy similar to that of their 2D counterparts. Several of the lowest-energy structures are quasi-2D, that is, slightly distorted from planar shapes. For all the studied species the Y atom prefers high coordination, which is different from other metal dopants in gold clusters.

  12. Quantum chemical study of the interaction of elemental Hg with small neutral, anionic and cationic Aun (n = 1–6) clusters

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Siddiqui, Shamoon Ahmad; Bouarissa, Nadir; Rasheed, Tabish; Al-Assiri, M.S.

    2013-01-01

    Graphical abstract: Binding energies as a function of cluster size for Au n Hg, Au n Hg + and Au n Hg − complexes. Highlights: ► Hg adsorption of neutral and charged Au n (n = 1–6) clusters has been discussed. ► Size and charged state of cluster significantly affect the Hg adsorption. ► Transfer of electron mainly found from s orbital of Hg to s orbital of Au. - Abstract: Adsorption of elemental mercury (Hg) on small neutral, cationic and anionic gold clusters (Au n , n = 1–6) has been studied by using the density functional theory (DFT). Results of this investigation show that frontier molecular orbital theory is a useful tool to predict the selectivity of Hg adsorption. It is found that adsorption of Hg on neutral, cationic and anionic Au n (n = 1–6) clusters are thermodynamically favorable. The binding energies of Hg on the cationic Au n clusters are greater than those on the neutral and anionic clusters. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis indicates that the flow of electrons in the neutral and charged clusters is mainly due to the s orbitals of Hg and Au. Results of NBO analysis also indicate that the binding energy of Hg with Au n clusters is directly proportional to the charge transfer, i.e. greater is the charge transfer, higher is the binding energy

  13. Study of Ti/Si/Ti/Al/Ni/Au ohmic contact for AlGaN/GaN HEMT

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shostachenko, S. A.; Porokhonko, Y. A.; Zakharchenko, R. V.; Burdykin, M. S.; Ryzhuk, R. V.; Kargin, N. I.; Kalinin, B. V.; Belov, A. A.; Vasiliev, A. N.

    2017-12-01

    This paper is dedicated to the experimental investigation of Ohmic contacts to the n+-doped region of AlGaN/GaN transistor heterostructure based on Ti/Si/Ti/Al/Ni/Au metallization. Effect of annealing temperature on the specific resistance of Ohmic contact was studied. Ohmic contact with the resistance of 3.4·10-6 Ω·cm2 was formed by optimization of the annealing temperature and introduction of the additional doping silicon layer.

  14. Synthesis of Au38(SCH2CH2Ph)24, Au36(SPh-tBu)24, and Au30(S-tBu)18 Nanomolecules from a Common Precursor Mixture.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rambukwella, Milan; Dass, Amala

    2017-10-17

    Phenylethanethiol protected nanomolecules such as Au 25 , Au 38 , and Au 144 are widely studied by a broad range of scientists in the community, owing primarily to the availability of simple synthetic protocols. However, synthetic methods are not available for other ligands, such as aromatic thiol and bulky ligands, impeding progress. Here we report the facile synthesis of three distinct nanomolecules, Au 38 (SCH 2 CH 2 Ph) 24 , Au 36 (SPh-tBu) 24 , and Au 30 (S-tBu) 18 , exclusively, starting from a common Au n (glutathione) m (where n and m are number of gold atoms and glutathiolate ligands) starting material upon reaction with HSCH 2 CH 2 Ph, HSPh-tBu, and HStBu, respectively. The systematic synthetic approach involves two steps: (i) synthesis of kinetically controlled Au n (glutathione) m crude nanocluster mixture with 1:4 gold to thiol molar ratio and (ii) thermochemical treatment of the purified nanocluster mixture with excess thiols to obtain thermodynamically stable nanomolecules. Thermochemical reactions with physicochemically different ligands formed highly monodispersed, exclusively three different core-size nanomolecules, suggesting a ligand induced core-size conversion and structural transformation. The purpose of this work is to make available a facile and simple synthetic method for the preparation of Au 38 (SCH 2 CH 2 Ph) 24 , Au 36 (SPh-tBu) 24 , and Au 30 (S-tBu) 18 , to nonspecialists and the broader scientific community. The central idea of simple synthetic method was demonstrated with other ligand systems such as cyclopentanethiol (HSC 5 H 9 ), cyclohexanethiol(HSC 6 H 11 ), para-methylbenzenethiol(pMBT), 1-pentanethiol(HSC 5 H 11 ), 1-hexanethiol(HSC 6 H 13 ), where Au 36 (SC 5 H 9 ) 24 , Au 36 (SC 6 H 11 ) 24 , Au 36 (pMBT) 24 , Au 38 (SC 5 H 11 ) 24 , and Au 38 (SC 6 H 13 ) 24 were obtained, respectively.

  15. Rights of Women and Access to Land in Sénégal : a Citizenship to ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  16. Experiências de quase morte em parada cardíaca: implicações para o conceito de mente não local

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalie Trent-Von Haesler

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available CONTEXTO: Experiências de quase morte (EQM são experiências vívidas, realísticas, que frequentemente promovem mudanças profundas na vida de pessoas que estiveram fisiológica ou psicologicamente próximas da morte. As EQM por vezes ocorrem durante uma parada cardíaca, na ausência de atividade cerebral detectável. OBJETIVO: Revisar os estudos prospectivos de EQM induzidas por paradas cardíacas e examinar as implicações desses estudos para o conceito de mente não local. MÉTODO: PubMed foi a principal base de dados utilizada para esta revisão. Os termos-chave da busca incluíram "parada cardíaca", "experiências de quase morte", "fisiologia da experiência de quase morte" e "experiências fora do corpo verídicas". RESULTADOS: Vários estudos prospectivos mostram incidência média de 10% a 20% de EQM induzidas por paradas cardíacas, independentemente de aspectos sociodemográficos, sexo, religião ou quaisquer parâmetros médicos, fisiológicos ou farmacológicos consistentes. Pessoas que passaram por EQM são mais propensas a mudanças de vida positivas que podem durar muitos anos após a experiência do que aquelas que não a tiveram. CONCLUSÕES: As teorias fisicalistas da mente não são capazes de explicar como pessoas que tiveram EQM podem vivenciar - enquanto seus corações estão parados e sua atividade cerebral aparentemente ausente - pensamentos vívidos e complexos e adquirir informações verídicas a respeito de objetos ou eventos distantes de seus corpos. As EQM em paradas cardíacas sugerem que a mente é não local, isto é, não é gerada pelo cérebro e não está confinada a ele ou ao corpo.

  17. Dielectron azimuthal anisotropy at mid-rapidity in Au + Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Alford, J.; Anson, C. D.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Averichev, G. S.; Banerjee, A.; Beavis, D. R.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bichsel, H.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Borowski, W.; Bouchet, J.; Brandin, A. V.; Brovko, S. G.; Bültmann, S.; Bunzarov, I.; Burton, T. P.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Cebra, D.; Cendejas, R.; Cervantes, M. C.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, H. F.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, L.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Chikanian, A.; Christie, W.; Chwastowski, J.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Contin, G.; Cramer, J. G.; Crawford, H. J.; Cui, X.; Das, S.; Davila Leyva, A.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Derradi de Souza, R.; Dhamija, S.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Ding, F.; Djawotho, P.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, C. M.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Engelage, J.; Engle, K. S.; Eppley, G.; Eun, L.; Evdokimov, O.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Gliske, S.; Greiner, L.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Guryn, W.; Haag, B.; Hamed, A.; Han, L.-X.; Haque, R.; Harris, J. W.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Hofman, D. J.; Horvat, S.; Huang, B.; Huang, H. Z.; Huang, X.; Huck, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jang, H.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Kesich, A.; Khan, Z. H.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Koetke, D. D.; Kollegger, T.; Konzer, J.; Koralt, I.; Kotchenda, L.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulakov, I.; Kumar, L.; Kycia, R. A.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Li, C.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Li, Y.; Li, Z. M.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, X.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Madagodagettige Don, D. M. M. D.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Majka, R.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; McDonald, D.; McShane, T. S.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Nogach, L. V.; Noh, S. Y.; Novak, J.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Ohlson, A.; Okorokov, V.; Oldag, E. W.; Olvitt, D. L.; Pachr, M.; Page, B. S.; Pal, S. K.; Pan, Y. X.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlak, T.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Peryt, W.; Pile, P.; Planinic, M.; Pluta, J.; Poljak, N.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Pujahari, P. R.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Ray, R. L.; Riley, C. K.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Ross, J. F.; Roy, A.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Sangaline, E.; Sarkar, A.; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Seger, J.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, B.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Singaraju, R. N.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, D.; Smirnov, N.; Solanki, D.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stevens, J. R.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sumbera, M.; Sun, X.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, Y.; Sun, Z.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Symons, T. J. M.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Takahashi, J.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Tarnowsky, T.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Turnau, J.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vandenbroucke, M.; Vanfossen, J. A.; Varma, R.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vertesi, R.; Videbæk, F.; Viyogi, Y. P.; Vokal, S.; Vossen, A.; Wada, M.; Wang, F.; Wang, G.; Wang, H.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, X. L.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Webb, G.; Webb, J. C.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y. F.; Xiao, Z.; Xie, W.; Xin, K.; Xu, H.; Xu, J.; Xu, N.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Y.; Xu, Z.; Yan, W.; Yang, C.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Ye, Z.; Yepes, P.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zawisza, Y.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, J. L.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, F.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Y. H.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2014-12-01

    We report on the first measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy (v2) of dielectrons (e+e- pairs) at mid-rapidity from √{sN N}=200 GeV Au + Au collisions with the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), presented as a function of transverse momentum (pT) for different invariant-mass regions. In the mass region Me e<1.1 GeV /c2 the dielectron v2 measurements are found to be consistent with expectations from π0,η ,ω , and ϕ decay contributions. In the mass region 1.1

  18. Partir sans esprit de retour : les missionnaires au travail, d’utopie missionnaire en hétérotopie ouvrière

    OpenAIRE

    Cavalin, Tangi

    2016-01-01

    Le catholicisme français sort de la Seconde Guerre mondiale profondément déstabilisé. Face aux enjeux du moment, les solutions apostoliques d’avant-guerre sont largement déconsidérées. La notion traditionnelle de mission permet de formuler cette critique en langage chrétien et de fédérer des énergies au service d’une entreprise de rechristianisation des masses. Au-delà de la figure exemplaire du prêtre-ouvrier, c’est une génération qui se reconnaît dans une même utopie missionnaire répétant l...

  19. 100-MeV proton beam intensity measurement by Au activation analysis using {sup 197}Au(p, pn){sup 196}Au and {sup 197}Au(p, p3n){sup 194}Au reactions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mokhtari Oranj, Leila [Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 37673 (Korea, Republic of); Jung, Nam-Suk; Oh, Joo-Hee [Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Hee-Seock, E-mail: lee@postech.ac.kr [Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673 (Korea, Republic of)

    2016-05-15

    The proton beam intensity of a 100-MeV proton linac at the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) was measured by an Au activation analysis using {sup 197}Au(p, pn){sup 196}Au and {sup 197}Au(p, p3n){sup 194}Au reactions to determine the accuracy and precision of beam intensity measurement using Gafchromic film dosimetry method. The target, irradiated by 100-MeV protons, was arranged in a stack consisting of Au, Al foils and Pb plates. The yields of produced radio-nuclei in Au foils were obtained by gamma-ray spectroscopy. The FLUKA code was employed to calculate the energy spectrum of protons onto the front surface of Au foils located at three different depth points of the target and also to investigate the condition of incident beam on the target. A good agreement was found between the beam intensity measurements using the activation analysis method at three different depth points of the target. An excellent agreement was also observed between the beam intensity measurements using the Au activation analysis method and the dosimetry method using Gafchromic film.

  20. INTERCONEXIÓN HOMBRE-MENTE-NATURALEZA DESDE EL TAOÍSMO UNA MIRADA DESDE EL YIN-YANG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Arlés Gómez Arévalo

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo, corresponde al proyecto investigativo “Ciencia-espiritualidad”, que indaga, entre otros aspectos, por las conexiones que se establecen entre el mundo de la ciencia occidental y las antiguas tradiciones del Lejano Oriente, más concretamente por el aporte del hinduismo, del budismo y del taoísmo en la comprensión de las problemáticas del hombre contemporáneo. En esta investigación, se hace un análisis del taoísmo, tradición de la antigua civilización China y sus conexiones con la reflexión occidental sobre la energía, la mente humana y la naturaleza. En el pensamiento taoísta, hay una visión de unidad indisoluble entre hombre y naturaleza. El hombre mismo hace parte de la unidad del cosmos: él mismo es naturaleza. Desde esta perspectiva, se analizan algunos de los aportes que esta milenaria tradición hace a la investigación actual sobre ciencia y espiritualidad y a la comprensión de nuevos discursos que se constituyen en temas fronterizos entre la fe y la ciencia contemporánea.

  1. Revisión crítica del concepto "psicosomático" a la luz del dualismo mente-cuerpo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariantonia Lemos Hoyos

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available El concepto "psicosomático" trae consigo una pesada carga semántica que tiene sus raíces en el dualismo filosófico, acentuado en la propuesta cartesiana, que ha permeado la racionalidad moderna y con ella la concepción de la enfermedad, tanto en el campo de la medicina como de la psicología. En esta revisión teórica se expone una breve discusión en torno al concepto "psicosomático", esbozando las principales perspectivas en el abordaje de la relación mente-cuerpo. Se concluye como necesaria la revisión de las posiciones dualistas y la incorporación de una nueva mirada de las nociones de salud y enfermedad, a partir de la cual el concepto psicosomático se hace redundante.

  2. XMCD study of the Ruddlesden-Popper phase La1.2Nd0.2Sr1.6Mn2O7

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Weigand, F.; Goering, E.; Geissler, J.; Justen, M.; Ruck, K.; Schuetz, G.; Doerr, K.

    2001-01-01

    X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD) measurements of the Ruddlesden-Popper Phase La 1.2 Nd 0.2 Sr 1.6 Mn 2 O 7 are reported. The Mn K, La and Nd L 2 , 3 edges have been measured on a powder sample at two different magnetic fields at low temperature. The analysis of the spectra at B = 1T indicates a large orbital moment of the Nd 5d-states and a significant spin-polarization of the La 5d-band. Furthermore at the Mn Κ-edge a XMCD-signal is observed, showing a polarization of the Mn 4p-band. At lower field (0.2T) all XMCD-signals are about two times smaller corresponding to the lower total magnetization. The signal at the Nd L 2 edge vanishes completely at 0.2T. (au)

  3. Éléments finis pour les fluides incompressibles

    CERN Document Server

    Azaïez, Mejdi; Mund, Ernest

    2011-01-01

    Cet ouvrage présente l'ensemble des concepts et méthodes nécessaires à la modélisation numérique par éléments finis du comportement des fluides visqueux newtoniens incompressibles. Après un bref rappel des équations de base et des modèles simplifiés, il expose en détail les techniques d'approximation de ces équations par éléments finis pour les dépendances spatiale et temporelle (problèmes de diffusion, d'advection-diffusion et de transport). Une attention toute particulière est portée à la discrétisation spatiale des équations de Stokes et aux algorithmes temporels pour la simulation numérique directe des équations de Navier-Stokes. Un chapitre ancillaire résume les méthodes de résolution des systèmes algébriques de grande taille à structure creuse, caractéristiques des méthodes d'éléments finis. L'exposé clair, didactique et progressif offre un contenu équilibré entre théorie et pratique. Ce manuel constitue ainsi une référence indispensable pour les étudiants de ma...

  4. Participant and spectator scaling of spectator fragments in Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions at √{sN N}=19.6 and 22.4 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alver, B.; Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Budzanowski, A.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Chai, Z.; Chetluru, V.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; Gburek, T.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Harnarine, I.; Heintzelman, G. A.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Katzy, J.; Khan, N.; Kucewicz, W.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, W.; Lin, W. T.; Loizides, C.; Manly, S.; McLeod, D.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Remsberg, L. P.; Reuter, M.; Richardson, E.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rosenberg, L.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sawicki, P.; Sedykh, I.; Skulski, W.; Smith, C. E.; Stankiewicz, M. A.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sukhanov, A.; Szostak, A.; Tang, J.-L.; Tonjes, M. B.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Vaurynovich, S. S.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Walters, P.; Wenger, E.; Willhelm, D.; Wolfs, F. L. H.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wuosmaa, A. H.; Wyngaardt, S.; Wysłouch, B.; Phobos Collaboration

    2016-08-01

    Spectator fragments resulting from relativistic heavy ion collisions, consisting of single protons and neutrons along with groups of stable nuclear fragments up to nitrogen (Z =7 ), are measured in PHOBOS. These fragments are observed in Au+Au (√{sNN}=19.6 GeV ) and Cu+Cu (22.4 GeV) collisions at high pseudorapidity (η ). The dominant multiply-charged fragment is the tightly bound helium (α ), with lithium, beryllium, and boron all clearly seen as a function of collision centrality and pseudorapidity. We observe that in Cu+Cu collisions, it becomes much more favorable for the α fragments to be released than lithium. The yields of fragments approximately scale with the number of spectator nucleons, independent of the colliding ion. The shapes of the pseudorapidity distributions of fragments indicate that the average deflection of the fragments away from the beam direction increases for more central collisions. A detailed comparison of the shapes for α and lithium fragments indicates that the centrality dependence of the deflections favors a scaling with the number of participants in the collision.

  5. Retrospectiva y prospectiva de la teoría de la mente; avances de investigación en neurociencias

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wilmar Fernando Pineda Alhucema

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract The Theory of Mind is one of the most important contributions neuroscience has made to the study of social behavior in both human and nonhuman primates. This study establishes important hypotheses about the deficiencies in social interaction experienced by patients with different disorders such as autism, schizophrenia and stroke among others. In addition, this theory established a line of development in social interaction in healthy subjects which is important because it will create training programs with better levels of effectiveness. In this article, we review retrospective and prospective research advances of the Theory of Mind in neuroscience, as well as tools for evaluation and neuroanatomical and neuropsychological aspects of the theory. Resumen La Teoría de la Mente constituye uno de los aportes más importantes que se ha hecho desde la Neurociencia al estudio de la conducta social, tanto en primates humanos como no humanos. Su estudio ha permitido establecer importantes hipótesis sobre las deficiencias en la interacción social que presentan pacientes con diferentes trastornos como el autismo, la esquizofrenia, accidentes cerebro-vasculares, entre otros; pero, además, esta teoría ha permitido establecer una línea de desarrollo en la interacción social en sujetos sanos, lo cual es importante porque permitirá crear programas de entrenamiento con mejores grados de eficacia. En este artículo, se hace una revisión retrospectiva y prospectiva de los avances de investigación de la Teoría de la Mente en las Neurociencias, así como de las herramientas para su evaluación y de los aspectos neuroanatómicos y neuropsicológicos de la misma.

  6. Cuerpo y mente ante la muerte violenta

    OpenAIRE

    Luy Quijada, Jesús; Ramírez González, Maura

    2014-01-01

    La muerte es un tema que podría considerarse común y cotidiano dentro del campo de las ciencias forenses, pero se preguntarán qué tiene que ver la mente dentro de lo físico y sobre todo con la muerte y el cadáver, máxime si consideramos a este último como una fuente insustituible de información para despejar las incógnitas dentro de las investigaciones en los casos de muerte violenta. El cadáver no puede ser tomado como un ente separado ni únicamente físico, pues en los casos de muerte violen...

  7. Cross-sections of 197Au(n,α)198Au and 63Cu(n,α)64Cu induced by 252Cf neutrons

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mandal, Ranjita; Sengupta, D.; Roy, Malobika; Naik, Mamta; Bhoraskar, V.N.

    2014-01-01

    Analytical work, employing nuclear techniques, is normally carried out through (n,α) reaction because of the availability of neutrons either from reactors or laboratory sources such as Sb-Be, Am-Be, Ra-Be, Po-Be, 252 Cf, etc. The laboratory neutron sources are though portable and adaptable to a particular experimental arrangement, suffer from the disadvantage of slow neutron yield (except 252 Cf). In this set up since the neutrons available are monoenergetic, it was thought appropriate to initiate a program to measure cross-sections of a few nuclear reactions which have practical applications. Earlier studies on cross-section measurement of the reaction 197 Au(n,α) 198 Au and 63 Cu(n,α) 64 Cu has been carried out using different sources, monitors and techniques

  8. External electric field effects on Schottky barrier at Gd3N@C80/Au interface

    Science.gov (United States)

    Onishi, Koichi; Nakashima, Fumihiro; Jin, Ge; Eto, Daichi; Hattori, Hayami; Miyoshi, Noriko; Kirimoto, Kenta; Sun, Yong

    2017-08-01

    The effects of the external electric field on the height of the Schottky barrier at the Gd3N@C80/Au interface were studied by measuring current-voltage characteristics at various temperatures from 200 K to 450 K. The Gd3N@C80 sample with the conduction/forbidden/valence energy band structure had a face-centered cubic crystal structure with the average grain size of several nanometers. The height of the Gd3N@C80/Au Schottky barrier was confirmed to be 400 meV at a low electric field at room temperature. Moreover, the height decreases with the increasing external electric field through a change of permittivity in the Gd3N@C80 sample due to a polarization of the [Gd3] 9 +-[N3 -+("separators="|C80 ) 6 -] dipoles in the Gd3N@C80 molecule. The field-dependence of the barrier height can be described using a power math function of the electric field strength. The results of the field-dependent barrier height indicate that the reduction in the Schottky barrier is due to an image force effect of the transport charge carrier at the Gd3N@C80/Au interface.

  9. Évolution des teneurs en éléments minéraux des feuilles de niébé ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Objectif : Le niébé (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) est une légumineuse dont les feuilles peuvent être utilisées dans l'alimentation du bétail. L'objectif de l'étude est d'apprécier l'évolution des teneurs en éléments minéraux des feuilles de niébé au cours de son cycle de développent et de déceler la meilleure période de ...

  10. Évolution des teneurs en éléments minéraux des feuilles de niébé ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    SARAH

    31 juil. 2014 ... Objectif : Le niébé (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) est une légumineuse dont les feuilles peuvent être utilisées dans l'alimentation du bétail. L'objectif de l'étude est d'apprécier l'évolution des teneurs en éléments minéraux des feuilles de niébé au cours de son cycle de développent et de déceler la meilleure.

  11. Pershore made CR-39(DOP) as a 1.015 GeV/n 197Au-ion detector

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bhattacharyya, D.P.; Chakrabarty, S.; Rakshit, R.; Basu, B.; Pal, P.; Biswas, S.

    1993-01-01

    Pershore made CR-39(DOP) stack was exposed at a zenith angle of 30deg by 197 Au-ions of energy 1.015 GeV/n using LBL BEVALAC beam. The top of the irradiated plate of the stack has been etched in 6.25N NaOH solution at 70degC for one hour. About 1202 cone lengths were optically measured. The estimated etch rate ratio of the incident 197 Au projectile beam in CR-39 has been found to be 27±2. The result has been compared with earlier observation. The charge resolution of the detector has been estimated from the average of double cone lengths and has been found to have a value of (0.58±0.03)e for 197 Au-ions. (orig.)

  12. Ženy a ateroskleróza - několik epidemiologických poznámek

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Tomečková, Marie; Hlásenská, Jana; Grünfeldová, H.; Hanuš, P.; Peleška, Jan

    2004-01-01

    Roč. 7, 3 Suppl. (2004), s. 12 ISSN 1211-9326. [Kongres o ateroskleróze /8./. 02.12.2004-04.12.2004, Špindlerův Mlýn] R&D Projects: GA MŠk LN00B107 Keywords : atherosclerosis * women * epidemiology Subject RIV: FA - Cardiovascular Diseases incl. Cardiotharic Surgery

  13. Defect-induced Au precipitation in Fe–Au and Fe–Au–B–N alloys studied by in situ small-angle neutron scattering

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang, S.; Kohlbrecher, J.; Tichelaar, F.D.; Langelaan, G.; Brück, E.; Zwaag, S. van der; Dijk, N.H. van

    2013-01-01

    Nanoscale Au precipitation in high-purity Fe–Au and Fe–Au–B–N alloys has been studied by in situ small-angle neutron scattering during isothermal aging at 550 °C and complementary ex situ transmission electron microscopy. The high temperature precipitation behavior in samples having received different degrees of cold deformation has been studied to explore the potential self-healing of deformation-induced defects by Au precipitation. It is found that dislocations induced by prior plastic deformation strongly facilitate the formation of Au precipitates, as no significant precipitation is observed for undeformed samples. Defect-induced Au precipitates are formed both at dislocations and along grain boundaries where the defect density is high. The fact that the Au atoms only precipitate on deformation-induced defects demonstrates that solute gold atoms act as efficient self-healing agents in the ferrous matrix. The addition of B and N is found to retard the Au precipitation

  14. Filosofía de la mente: el estado de la cuestión = Philosophy of Mind: the State of the Art

    OpenAIRE

    Prades, Josep Lluís

    2006-01-01

    Uno de los síntomas de la falta de cohesión en una tradición cultural es la dispersión: la ruptura de los supuestos compartidos que definen tanto la forma aceptable de los problemas como la relevancia de las posibles respuestas. Si la filosofía contemporánea es un ejemplo de esa situación, la filosofía de la mente es una de las áreas donde la fragmentación cultural se muestra de una forma más contundente. En ciertas zonas de la discusión filosófica (como la filosofía del lenguaje, la metafísi...

  15. Devenir De l'azote de L'engrais enrichi au n applique au tournesol ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    L'utilisation de I' azote de I' engrais par la culture de toumesol a ete appreciee par Ia determination du coefficient d'utilisation apparent (CUA) estime par Ia methode de difference et du coefficient d'utilisation reel (CUR) estime par Ia methode isotopique. 80 kg N ha-1 a 4.87% d'atomes en exces de 15N ont ete appliques au ...

  16. Ternary reduced-graphene-oxide/Bi2MoO6/Au nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bi, Jinhong; Fang, Wei; Li, Li; Li, Xiaofen; Liu, Minghua; Liang, Shijing; Zhang, Zizhong; He, Yunhui; Lin, Huaxiang; Wu, Ling; Liu, Shengwei; Wong, Po Keung

    2015-01-01

    A novel ternary nanocomposite photocatalyst consisted of reduced-graphene-oxide (RGO), Bi 2 MoO 6 and plasmonic Au nanoparticles were successfully fabricated by multiple steps including a simple solvothermal process and photochemical reduction process. RGO/Bi 2 MoO 6 /Au was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In comparison with Bi 2 MoO 6 , RGO/Bi 2 MoO 6 and Au/Bi 2 MoO 6 , RGO/Bi 2 MoO 6 /Au exhibits an enhanced photocatalytic activity for decomposition of Rhodamine B under visible light. The separation efficiency of the photogenerated holes and electrons on Bi 2 MoO 6 is promoted by the combined effect of both RGO and Au in the ternary composite, and thus enhances photocatalytic activity. The scavenger study revealed that both hole and superoxide are the major reactive species for the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B using RGO/Bi 2 MoO 6 /Au photocatalyst. - Graphical abstract: A novel ternary nanocomposite photocatalyst consisted of reduced-graphene-oxide (RGO), Bi 2 MoO 6 and plasmonic Au nanoparticles were successfully fabricated by multiple steps including a simple solvothermal process and photochemical reduction process. The resulted ternary nanocomposites greatly enhanced the visible light photocatalytic properties compared to Bi 2 MoO 6 , RGO/Bi 2 MoO 6 or Au/Bi 2 MoO 6 binary systems. The improved photocatalytic activity was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of Au and RGO with better separation of the photogenerated holes and electrons, resulting from the surface plasmonic resonance and extra strong electron magnetic field of Au nanoparticles and the high electron conductivity of RGO. - Highlights: • The ternary nanocomposites RGO/Bi 2 MoO 6 /Au were constructed for the first time. • RGO/Bi 2 MoO 6 /Au showed much higher visible photoactivity than RGO (Au)/Bi 2 MoO 6 . • The improved

  17. Tunable UV- and Visible-Light Photoresponse Based on p-ZnO Nanostructures/n-ZnO/Glass Peppered with Au Nanoparticles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hsu, Cheng-Liang; Lin, Yu-Hong; Wang, Liang-Kai; Hsueh, Ting-Jen; Chang, Sheng-Po; Chang, Shoou-Jinn

    2017-05-03

    UV- and visible-light photoresponse was achieved via p-type K-doped ZnO nanowires and nanosheets that were hydrothermally synthesized on an n-ZnO/glass substrate and peppered with Au nanoparticles. The K content of the p-ZnO nanostructures was 0.36 atom %. The UV- and visible-light photoresponse of the p-ZnO nanostructures/n-ZnO sample was roughly 2 times higher than that of the ZnO nanowires. The Au nanoparticles of various densities and diameter sizes were deposited on the p-ZnO nanostructures/n-ZnO samples by a simple UV photochemical reaction method yielding a tunable and enhanced UV- and visible-light photoresponse. The maximum UV and visible photoresponse of the Au nanoparticle sample was obtained when the diameter size of the Au nanoparticle was approximately 5-35 nm. On the basis of the localized surface plasmon resonance effect, the UV, blue, and green photocurrent/dark current ratios of Au nanoparticle/p-ZnO nanostructures/n-ZnO are ∼1165, ∼94.6, and ∼9.7, respectively.

  18. Geometric, stability, and electronic properties of gold-doped Pd clusters (Pd{sub n}Au, n = 3~20)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Huan, Hao; Chen, Yan; Wang, Tao; Ye, Xiang, E-mail: yexiang@shnu.edu.cn [Shanghai Normal University, Department of Physics (China); Gu, Xiao, E-mail: gx@cqu.edu.cn [Chongqing University, Department of Applied Physics (China)

    2016-11-15

    The structure, stability, and electronic properties of Pd{sub n}Au (n = 3~20) clusters are studied by density functional theory. The results show that the clusters studied here prefer three-dimensional structures even with very small atom number. It is found that the binding energies of Pd{sub n}Au clusters are higher than the corresponding pure Pd{sub n} clusters with the same atom number. Most Pd{sub n}Au clusters studied here are magnetic with magnetic moments ranging from 1.0 to 7.0 μ{sub B.} The dissociation energies of Pd atoms are lower than the doped gold atom, that is the doped Au atom will increase the mother clusters stability and activity.

  19. Label-free sensitive luminescence biosensor for immunoglobulin G based on Ag6Au6 ethisterone cluster-estrogen receptor α aggregation and graphene.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Nannan; Guo, Wenjing; Lin, Zhixiang; Wei, Qiaohua; Chen, Guonan

    2018-08-01

    A specific and label-free "on-off-on" luminescence biosensor based on a novel heterometallic cluster [Ag 6 Au 6 (ethisterone) 12 ]-estrogen receptor α (Ag 6 Au 6 Eth-ERα) aggregation utilizing graphene oxide (GO) as a quencher to lead a small background signal was firstly constructed to detect immunoglobulin G (IgG) with a simple process and high selectivity. The efficient photoluminescent (PL) Ag 6 Au 6 Eth-ERα aggregation is strongly quenched by GO. In the presence of IgG, the PL of this system will be restored, and perceivable by human eyes under UV lamp excitation (365 nm). The quenching mechanism of GO on Ag 6 Au 6 Eth-ERα and enhancement mechanism of IgG on Ag 6 Au 6 Eth-ERα-GO were investigated in detail. Under the optimum conditions, the biosensor for high sensitive IgG detection expressed a wider linear range of 0.0078-10 ng/mL and a lower detection limit of 0.65 pg/mL with good stability and repeatability, which provided a new approach for label-free IgG detection. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  20. Fabrication of Au_n_a_n_o_p_a_r_t_i_c_l_e@mSiO_2@Y_2O_3:Eu nanocomposites with enhanced fluorescence

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li, Huiqin; Kang, Jianmiao; Yang, Jianhui; Wu, Biao

    2016-01-01

    Herein, Au_n_a_n_o_p_a_r_t_i_c_l_e@mSiO_2@Y_2O_3:Eu nanocomposites are synthesized through layer-by-layer assembly technology. Au_n_a_n_o_p_a_r_t_i_c_l_e@mSiO_2 core–shell nanospheres were prepared at first in the presence of CTAB in aqueous solution system by the modified one-pot method. A chemical precipitation method and a succeeding calcination process were adopted to the growth of Y_2O_3:Eu shells on the surfaces of Au_n_a_n_o_p_a_r_t_i_c_l_e@mSiO_2 core–shell nanospheres. The structure, morphology and composition of the nanocomposites were confirmed by XRD, TEM and UV–vis absorption spectrum. The prepared Au_n_a_n_o_p_a_r_t_i_c_l_e@mSiO_2@Y_2O_3:Eu nanocomposites have showed the emission intensity enhances to 6.23 times at 30 nm thickness of the silica spacer between the core of Au nanoparticle and the shell of Y_2O_3:Eu. According to the observations of fluorescent lifetime and the modeling of local electric field, the metal-enhanced and quenched fluorescence is closely related with the enhancement of excitation and radiative decay rate and the quenching by NRET comes as a result of competition between the distance-dependent mechanisms. This kind of multifunctional inorganic material will be widely used in electronics, biology and medical drug loading, etc. - Highlights: • Fabrication of Au_n_a_n_o_p_a_r_t_i_c_l_e@mSiO_2@Y_2O_3:Eu nanocomposites with core-spacer-shell structure. • The controllable fluorescence is achieved by adjusting the spacer thickness of silica. • The fluorescence enhancement is 6.23-fold at an optimal spacer thickness about 30 nm. • The metal-enhanced fluorescence mechanism is proposed.

  1. (DEEE) aunégal

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    utilisateurs professionnels ont moins de 40 ans; 65,9% des réparateurs sont âgés au plus de 36 ans. Les acteurs de sexe ..... conséquences négatives des DEEE sur la santé ..... Chine où un réseau de coopération entre les institutions ...

  2. The quaternary arsenide oxides Ce{sub 9}Au{sub 5-x}As{sub 8}O{sub 6} and Pr{sub 9}Au{sub 5-x}As{sub 8}O{sub 6}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bartsch, Timo; Hoffmann, Rolf-Dieter; Poettgen, Rainer [Univ. Muenster (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie

    2016-07-01

    The quaternary gold arsenide oxides Ce{sub 9}Au{sub 5-x}As{sub 8}O{sub 6} and Pr{sub 9}Au{sub 5-x}As{sub 8}O{sub 6} were synthesized from the rare earth elements (RE), rare earth oxides, arsenic and gold powder at maximum annealing temperatures of 1173 K. The structures were refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: Pnnm, a=1321.64(6) pm, b=4073.0(3), c=423.96(2), wR2=0.0842, 3106 F{sup 2} values, 160 variables for Ce{sub 9}Au{sub 4.91(4)}As{sub 8}O{sub 6} and Pnnm, a=1315.01(4), b=4052.87(8), c=420.68(1) pm, wR2=0.0865, 5313 F{sup 2} values, 160 variables for Pr{sub 9}Au{sub 4.75(1)}As{sub 8}O{sub 6}. They represent a new structure type and show a further extension of pnictide oxide crystal chemistry. A complex polyanionic gold arsenide network [Au{sub 5}As{sub 8}]{sup 15-} (with some disorder in the gold substructure) is charge compensated with polycationic strands of condensed edge-sharing O rate at RE{sub 4/4} and O rate at RE{sub 4/3} tetrahedra ([RE{sub 4}O{sub 3}]{sub 2}{sup 12+}) as well as RE{sup 3+} cations in cavities.

  3. Ciencia Cognitiva, Teoría de la Mente y autismo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabel Gómez Echeverry

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo toma como referencia los aportes de la Psicología Cognitiva en el estudio del autismo. En primera instancia se realiza una descripción de los conceptos de representaciones mentales (Johnson-Laird 1983, 1987, 1990, Norman, 1983 y la metáfora del cerebro como computador (Tulving, 1937, 1950. Posteriormente, se ahonda en el concepto de teoría de la mente tomando como referencia los estudios iniciales de Premack y Woodruff (1978, Rivière (1987, 1991a, 1991b. Se describe la relación entre teoría de la mente y autismo, partiendo de los estudios de Karner (1943. Wing (1981. Desde la teoría-teoría, existen varias teorías psicológicas que tratan de explicar el fenómeno del autismo: la de la Ceguera Mental (Barón-Cohen, Leslie y Frith, 1985, la del Debilitamiento de la Coherencia Central Frith (2003, y la de la Disfunción Ejecutiva (Russel, 2000 y Ozonoff, 2000. Otra de las teorías es la Hobson (1995, quien plantea que los déficits cognitivos y sociales en el autismo son de naturaleza afectiva. Finalmente, es importante destacar que las habilidades deficientes en el autismo son destrezas muy complejas, que dependen no sólo de procesos de planificación y ejecución y de inferencias mentalistas, sino de una coordinación de muchas funciones que actúan simultáneamente.

  4. Microstructural, electrical and frequency-dependent properties of Au/p-Cu2ZnSnS4/n-GaN heterojunction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rajagopal Reddy, V; Janardhanam, V; Won, Jonghan; Choi, Chel-Jong

    2017-08-01

    An Au/Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS)/n-GaN heterojunction (HJ) is fabricated with a CZTS interlayer and probed its chemical states, structural, electrical and frequency-dependent characteristics by XPS, TEM, I-V and C-V measurements. XPS and TEM results confirmed that the CZTS films are formed on the n-GaN surface. The band gap of deposited CZTS film is found to be 1.55eV. The electrical properties of HJ correlated with the Au/n-GaN Schottky junction (SJ). The Au/CZTS/n-GaN HJ reveals a good rectification nature with high barrier height (0.82eV) compared to the Au/n-GaN SJ (0.69eV), which suggests the barrier height is influenced by the CZTS interlayer. The barrier height values assessed by I-V, Cheung's and Norde functions are closely matched with one other, thus the methods used here are reliable and valid. The extracted interface state density (N SS ) of Au/CZTS/n-GaN HJ is lower compared to the Au/n-GaN SJ that suggests the CZTS interlayer plays an important role in the reduction of N SS . Moreover, the capacitance-frequency (C-f) and conductance-frequency (G-f) characteristics of SJ and HJ are measured in the range of 1kHz-1MHz, and found that the capacitance and conductance strappingly dependent on frequency. It is found that the N SS estimated from C-f and G-f characteristics is lower compared to those estimated from I-V characteristics. Analysis confirmed that Poole-Frenkel emission dominates the reverse leakage current in both SJ and HJ, probably related to the structural defects and trap levels in the CZTS interlayer. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  5. Thermal stability study of Cr/Au contact formed on n-type Ga-polar GaN, N-polar GaN, and wet-etched N-polar GaN surfaces

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Choi, Yunju; Kim, Yangsoo; Ahn, Kwang-Soon; Kim, Hyunsoo

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • The Cr/Au contact on n-type Ga-polar (0 0 0 1) GaN, N-polar (0 0 0 −1) GaN, and wet-etched N-polar GaN were investigated. • Thermal annealing led to a significant degradation of contact formed on N-polar n-GaN samples. • Contact degradation was shown to be closely related to the increase in the electrical resistivity of n-GaN. • Out-diffusion of Ga and N atoms was clearly observed in N-polar samples. - Abstract: The electrical characteristics and thermal stability of a Cr/Au contact formed on n-type Ga-polar (0 0 0 1) GaN, N-polar GaN, and wet-etched N-polar GaN were investigated. As-deposited Cr/Au showed a nearly ohmic contact behavior for all samples, i.e., the specific contact resistance was 3.2 × 10 −3 , 4.3 × 10 −4 , and 1.1 × 10 −3 Ω cm 2 for the Ga-polar, flat N-polar, and roughened N-polar samples, respectively. However, thermal annealing performed at 250 °C for 1 min in a N 2 ambient led to a significant degradation of contact, i.e., the contact resistance increased by 186, 3260, and 2030% after annealing for Ga-polar, flat N-polar, and roughened N-polar samples, respectively. This could be due to the different disruption degree of Cr/Au and GaN interface after annealing, i.e., the insignificant interfacial reaction occurred in the Ga-polar sample, while out-diffusion of Ga and N atoms was clearly observed in N-polar samples

  6. Thermal stability study of Cr/Au contact formed on n-type Ga-polar GaN, N-polar GaN, and wet-etched N-polar GaN surfaces

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Choi, Yunju [School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Semiconductor Physics Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756 (Korea, Republic of); Suncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Suncheon 540-742 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Yangsoo [Suncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Suncheon 540-742 (Korea, Republic of); Ahn, Kwang-Soon, E-mail: kstheory@ynu.ac.kr [School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Hyunsoo, E-mail: hskim7@jbnu.ac.kr [School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Semiconductor Physics Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756 (Korea, Republic of)

    2014-10-30

    Highlights: • The Cr/Au contact on n-type Ga-polar (0 0 0 1) GaN, N-polar (0 0 0 −1) GaN, and wet-etched N-polar GaN were investigated. • Thermal annealing led to a significant degradation of contact formed on N-polar n-GaN samples. • Contact degradation was shown to be closely related to the increase in the electrical resistivity of n-GaN. • Out-diffusion of Ga and N atoms was clearly observed in N-polar samples. - Abstract: The electrical characteristics and thermal stability of a Cr/Au contact formed on n-type Ga-polar (0 0 0 1) GaN, N-polar GaN, and wet-etched N-polar GaN were investigated. As-deposited Cr/Au showed a nearly ohmic contact behavior for all samples, i.e., the specific contact resistance was 3.2 × 10{sup −3}, 4.3 × 10{sup −4}, and 1.1 × 10{sup −3} Ω cm{sup 2} for the Ga-polar, flat N-polar, and roughened N-polar samples, respectively. However, thermal annealing performed at 250 °C for 1 min in a N{sub 2} ambient led to a significant degradation of contact, i.e., the contact resistance increased by 186, 3260, and 2030% after annealing for Ga-polar, flat N-polar, and roughened N-polar samples, respectively. This could be due to the different disruption degree of Cr/Au and GaN interface after annealing, i.e., the insignificant interfacial reaction occurred in the Ga-polar sample, while out-diffusion of Ga and N atoms was clearly observed in N-polar samples.

  7. Enhancing Light-Driven Production of Hydrogen Peroxide by Anchoring Au onto C3N4 Catalysts

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xiaoyu Chang

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Light-driven production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 is a green and sustainable way to achieve solar-to-chemical energy conversion. During such a conversion, both the high activity and the stability of catalysts were critical. We prepared an Au-supported C3N4 catalyst—i.e., Au/C3N4-500(N2—by strongly anchoring Au nanoparticles (~5 nm onto a C3N4 matrix—which simultaneously enhanced the activity towards the photosynthesis of H2O2 and the stability when it was reused. The yield of H2O2 reached 1320 μmol L−1 on Au/C3N4-500(N2 after 4 h of light irradiation in an acidic solution (pH 3, which was higher than that (1067 μmol L−1 of the control sample Au/C3N4-500(Air and 2.3 times higher than that of the pristine C3N4. Particularly, the catalyst Au/C3N4-500(N2 retained a much higher stability. The yield of H2O2 had a marginal decrease on the spent catalyst—i.e., 98% yield was kept. In comparison, only 70% yield was obtained from the spent control catalyst. The robust anchoring of Au onto C3N4 improved their interaction, which remarkably decreased the Au leaching when it was used and avoided the aggregation and aging of Au particles. Minimal Au leaching was detected on the spent catalyst. The kinetic analyses indicated that the highest formation rate of H2O2 was achieved on the Au/C3N4-500(N2 catalyst. The decomposition tests and kinetic behaviors of H2O2 were also carried out. These findings suggested that the formation rate of H2O2 could be a determining factor for efficient production of H2O2.

  8. After the First Steps: The Evolution of the National Population Health Survey

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yeo, Douglas

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available EnglishMany changes take place over the lifetime of a longitudinal panel survey.Changing priorities, new supplements, and conflicting demands are factors that may be unforeseen. Theevolution of the National Population Health Survey (NPHS since its first cycle in 1994/95 isdiscussed in this context. Statistics Canada contacts panel members every two years for twenty years,to estimate the health of Canadians and its determinants, health care use, and other characteristics.The NPHS was designed to provide both longitudinal and cross-sectional estimates, and to allow sampleand content supplements. Thsi paper describes the NPHS and the changes in focus needed to move thepanel forward to Cycle 2 and beyond.FrenchPlusieurs changements ont lieu pendant la vie d'une enquête longitudinale parpanel. Les changements de priorités, de nouveaux suppléments, et des demandesconflictuelles sont des facteurs qui peuvent ne pas avoir été prévus. L'évolution del'Enquête nationale sur la santé de la population (ENSP depuis son premier cycleen 1994/95 est discuté dans ce contexte. Statistique Canada contacte les membresdu panel tous les deux ans pendant vingt ans, pour estimer la santé des Canadienset ses déterminants, l'utilisation des soins de santé, et d'autres caractéristiques.L'ENSP a été conçu pour fournir des estimations longitudinales et transversales, etpour permettre l'ajout d'échantillon et de contenu supplémentaires. Ce papier décritl'ENSP et les mises au point nécessaires pour mener le panel au deuxième cycle etau-delà.

  9. ANÁLISIS DE LA MENTE-CEREBRO-CONDUCTA DESDE LA CIENCIA Y LA FILOSOFÍA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Cecilia Vallejo Clavijo

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo corresponde al desarrollo de la segunda fase del proyecto investigativo “Ciencia y espiritualidad ”. En él se da a conocer el problema de la mente-cerebro-conducta desde la ciencia y la filosofía, con el fin de describir explicar y analizar de forma crítica algunas de las principales posturas teóricas que se han elaborado y que tienen que ver con el desarrollo de la ciencia en particular la física y la filosofía actual. Igualmente, en este artículo se presenta la relación entre el funcionamiento de la mente y el cerebro con la física cuántica, no sin antes presentar algunas de las más representativas teorías sobre la mente como: el dualismo, el funcionalismo y de la complejidad a fin de contextualizar la relación antes mencionada mentecerebro- conducta. Por otro lado, el análisis que se hace sobre el comportamiento del mundo subatómico desde la teoría cuántica y en el que va implícito una postura indeterminista nos lleva a plantear problemas acerca de la mente, el cerebro, la conducta y, particularmente, el comportamiento ético, (el problema del libre albedrío. En dicho análisis surgen interrogantes que dan lugar a la reflexión como, por ejemplo: ¿si se tomara el modelo de la física cuántica se podría llegar a considerar que el cerebro está constituido de mínimas incertidumbres, que serían el resultado de fluctuaciones cuánticas?, ¿esas irregularidades podrían traducirse en comportamientos atípicos, creativos y originales en los individuos?

  10. The LiyNi0.2Mn0.2Co0.6O2 electrode materials: A structural and magnetic study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Labrini, Mohamed; Saadoune, Ismael; Almaggoussi, Abdelmajid; Elhaskouri, Jamal; Amoros, Pedro

    2012-01-01

    Graphical abstract: EPR signal of the Li 0.6 Co 0.6 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 composition showing that Mn 4+ ions are the solely paramagnetic ions in the structure. Highlights: ► LiCo 0.6 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 was prepared by the combustion method with sucrose as a fuel. ► Chemical delithiaition was performed by using NO 2 BF 4 oxidizing agent. ► The rhombohedral symmetry was preserved upon lithium removal. ► Lithium extraction leads to Ni 2+ oxidation to Ni 4+ followed by Co 3+ oxidation. ► The EPR narrow signal of Li 0.6 Co 0.6 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 is due to the only active Mn 4+ ions. -- Abstract: Layered LiNi 0.2 Mn 0.2 Co 0.6 O 2 phase, belonging to a solid solution between LiNi 1/2 Mn 1/2 O 2 and LiCoO 2 most commercialized cathodes, was prepared via the combustion method at 900 °C for a short time (1 h). Structural and magnetic properties of this material during chemical extraction were investigated. The powders adopted the α-NaFeO 2 structure with almost none of the well-known Li/Ni cation disorder. The analysis of the magnetic properties in the paramagnetic domain agrees with the combination of Ni 2+ (S = 1), Co 3+ (S = 0) and Mn 4+ (S = 3/2) spin-only values. X-ray analysis of the chemically delithiated Li y Ni 0.2 Mn 0.2 Co 0.6 O 2 reveals no structural transition. The process of lithium extraction from and insertion into LiNi 0.2 Mn 0.2 Co 0.6 O 2 was discussed on the basis of ex situ EPR experiments and magnetic susceptibility. Oxidation of Ni 2+ (S = 1) to Ni 3+ (S = 1/2) and to Ni 4+ (S = 0) was observed upon lithium removal.

  11. Functionalization of Fe3O4/SiO2 with N-(2-Aminoethyl-3-aminopropyl for Sorption of [AuCl4]-

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nuryono Nuryono

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Synthesis of Fe3O4/SiO2 modified with N-(2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyl group (Fe3O4/SiO2/ED via coating method and its application for adsorption-desorption of anionic gold in aqueous solution have been conducted. The synthesized product was characterized with an X-ray diffractometer (XRD, a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR spectrophotometer and a transmission electron microscopy (TEM. Adsorption of Au(III was conducted in a batch system and the variables included pH, contact time, and initial concentration were investigated. Results showed that magnetite/silica has been successfully functionalized with N-(2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyl in a homogeneous system. Kinetics study showed that adsorption of Au(III followed the pseudo-second order model with rate constant of 0.710 g mmol L-1min-1. Furthermore, the experimental data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with the maximum adsorption capacity for Au(III of 142.9 mg g-1 and the energy of 25.0 kJ mol-1. Gold loaded on the Fe3O4/SiO2/ED could be easily desorbed with 0.2 mol L-1 HCl containing 2 wt.% of thiourea with recovery of 99.8%. Fe3O4/SiO2/ED was reusable and stable in 5 cycles of adsorption-desorption with recovery more than 90%. Fe3O4/SiO2/ED showed high selectivity towards Au(III in the multimetal system Au(III/Cu(II/Cr(VI with the coefficient selectivity for αAu-Cu of 227.5and for αAu-Cr of 12.3.

  12. Electron emission during interactions of multicharged N and Ar ions with Au(110) and Cu(001) surfaces

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Meyer, F.W.; Overbury, S.H.; Havener, C.C.; Zeijlmans van Emmichoven, P.A.; Burgdoerfer, J.; Zehner, D.M.

    1991-01-01

    We report measurements of energy distributions of electrons emitted during interactions 10q-keV N 6+ , and Ar q+ (q=7,8,9) ions with Au(110) and Cu(001) surfaces at grazing angles. The electron energy distributions have been measured as a function of angle of incidence, observation angle, and target-crystal azimuth. For both Au and Cu targets, the projectile KLL Auger peak observed for the case of the N 6+ projectiles is seen to consist of two components whose intensities have strikingly different dependences on incident perpendicular velocity. The main component of the KLL peak is attributed to subsurface electron emission and is modeled using a Monte Carlo simulation of the projectile trajectories in the bulk. The second component, observed only for the smallest incident perpendicular velocities, is attributed to above-surface KLL Auger electron emission and is modeled using computer simulations of the resonance neutralization-autoionization cascade that occurs prior to projectile penetration of the surface. In the case of the Au target, NNV and NVV transitions, attributed to vacancy transfer from the projectile K shell to the N shell of Au, are also observed. The Monte Carlo simulation of the subsurface contribution to the electron emission is able to reproduce the observed angle-of-incidence dependence of both the projectile and the target Auger electron intensities. In addition, it shows reasonable agreement with the observed dependences of the projectile KLL intensity on observation angle and crystal azimuth

  13. TEORÍA DE LA MENTE EN TAREAS DE FALSA CREENCIA Y PRODUCCIÓN NARRATIVA EN PREESCOLARES: INVESTIGACIONES CONTEMPORÁNEAS/ THEORY OF MIND IN FALSE BELIEF TASKS AND NARRATIVE PRODUCTION IN PRESCHOOLERS: CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH/ TEORIA DA MENTE EM TAREFAS DE FALSA CRENÇA E PRODUÇÃO NARRATIVA EM PRÉ-ESCOLARES: INVESTIGAÇÕES CONTEMPORÂNEAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rita Flórez Romero

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta una reflexión sobre el desarrollo de la producción narrativa y el de la teoría de la mente en la etapa preescolar. En cada campo se plantean sus bases conceptuales, reportes y evidencias investigativas. Se muestra que en la producción narrativa los niños adquieren de manera relativamente tardía en su primera infancia las primeras habilidades que les permiten organizar una narración para contarla a otros. Se señala, además, que el desarrollo de la teoría de la mente está relacionado con el del lenguaje, aunque se cuenta con menos estudios sobre su relación con la producción narrativa. Se identifica la necesidad de un marco integrador de las explicaciones de las variantes conceptuales y metodológicas planteadas en esta reflexión.

  14. Computational study of AuSi{sub n} (n=1-9) nanoalloy clusters invoking DFT based descriptors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ranjan, Prabhat; Kumar, Ajay [Department of Mechatronics, Manipal University Jaipur Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-303007 (India); Chakraborty, Tanmoy, E-mail: tanmoy.chakraborty@jaipur.manipal.edu, E-mail: tanmoychem@gmail.com [Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-303007 (India)

    2016-04-13

    Nanoalloy clusters formed between Au and Si are topics of great interest today from both scientific and technological point of view. Due to its remarkable catalytic, electronic, mechanical and magnetic properties Au-Si nanoalloy clusters have extensive applications in the field of microelectronics, catalysis, biomedicine, and jewelry industry. Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a new paradigm of quantum mechanics, which is very much popular to study the electronic properties of materials. Conceptual DFT based descriptors have been invoked to correlate the experimental properties of nanoalloy clusters. In this venture, we have systematically investigated AuSi{sub n} (n=1-9) nanoalloy clusters in the theoretical frame of the B3LYP exchange correlation. The experimental properties of AuSi{sub n} (n=1-9) nanoalloy clusters are correlated in terms of DFT based descriptors viz. HOMO-LUMO gap, Electronegativity (χ), Global Hardness (η), Global Softness (S) and Electrophilicity Index (ω). The calculated HOMO-LUMO gap exhibits interesting odd-even alteration behaviour, indicating that even numbered clusters possess higher stability as compare to their neighbour odd numbered clusters. This study also reflects a very well agreement between experimental bond length and computed data.

  15. Hot Hole Collection and Photoelectrochemical CO2 Reduction with Plasmonic Au/p-GaN Photocathodes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    DuChene, Joseph S; Tagliabue, Giulia; Welch, Alex J; Cheng, Wen-Hui; Atwater, Harry A

    2018-04-11

    Harvesting nonequilibrium hot carriers from plasmonic-metal nanostructures offers unique opportunities for driving photochemical reactions at the nanoscale. Despite numerous examples of hot electron-driven processes, the realization of plasmonic systems capable of harvesting hot holes from metal nanostructures has eluded the nascent field of plasmonic photocatalysis. Here, we fabricate gold/p-type gallium nitride (Au/p-GaN) Schottky junctions tailored for photoelectrochemical studies of plasmon-induced hot-hole capture and conversion. Despite the presence of an interfacial Schottky barrier to hot-hole injection of more than 1 eV across the Au/p-GaN heterojunction, plasmonic Au/p-GaN photocathodes exhibit photoelectrochemical properties consistent with the injection of hot holes from Au nanoparticles into p-GaN upon plasmon excitation. The photocurrent action spectrum of the plasmonic photocathodes faithfully follows the surface plasmon resonance absorption spectrum of the Au nanoparticles and open-circuit voltage studies demonstrate a sustained photovoltage during plasmon excitation. Comparison with Ohmic Au/p-NiO heterojunctions confirms that the vast majority of hot holes generated via interband transitions in Au are sufficiently hot to inject above the 1.1 eV interfacial Schottky barrier at the Au/p-GaN heterojunction. We further investigated plasmon-driven photoelectrochemical CO 2 reduction with the Au/p-GaN photocathodes and observed improved selectivity for CO production over H 2 evolution in aqueous electrolytes. Taken together, our results offer experimental validation of photoexcited hot holes more than 1 eV below the Au Fermi level and demonstrate a photoelectrochemical platform for harvesting hot carriers to drive solar-to-fuel energy conversion.

  16. Identification d'une loi thermo-élasto-viscoplastique en vue de la modélisation du laminage à chaud du cuivre

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moureaux, P.; Moto Mpong, S.; Remy, M.; Bouffioux, C.; Lecomte-Beckers, J.; Habraken, A. M.

    2002-12-01

    la mise au point d'un modèle de simulation de la dernière passe du laminage à chaud du cuivre ne présente à priori pas de problème du point de vue numérique pour un code d'éléments finis non linéaire. La collecte d'informations précises tant sur le procédé industriel que sur le comportement du matériau est par contre une opération non triviale. Cet article présente les diverses méthodes expérimentales mises en œuvre pour caractériser le matériau : essais de compression à chaud, mesures d'analyse thermique différentielle, essais de dilatométrie et de diffusivité. Les méthodes permettant d'identifier les paramètres de la loi élasto-visco-plastique de type Norton-Hoff à partir des essais sont présentées et une analyse bibliographique investigue le problème de la détermination du module de Young à haute température. Tant les hypothèses supplémentaires relatives au procédé et nécessaires au modèle que les résultats finaux sont résumés.

  17. Energy dependence of K π , p π , and K p fluctuations in Au + Au collisions from √{sN N}=7.7 to 200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Alford, J.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Averichev, G. S.; Banerjee, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandin, A. V.; Bunzarov, I.; Burton, T. P.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; S'anchez, M. Calder'on de la Barca; campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Cervantes, M. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, X.; Chen, J. H.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, C. M.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Filip, P.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Greiner, L.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A.; Hamed, A.; Haque, R.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Hofman, D. J.; Horvat, S.; Huang, H. Z.; Huang, B.; Huang, X.; Huck, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jang, H.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z. H.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Klein, S. R.; Koetke, D. D.; Kollegger, T.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kotchenda, L.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulakov, I.; Kumar, L.; Kycia, R. A.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, W.; Li, Z. M.; Li, C.; Li, Y.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, X.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Manion, A.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; McDonald, D.; Meehan, K.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Nogach, L. V.; Noh, S. Y.; Novak, J.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V.; Olvitt, D. L.; Page, B. S.; Pan, Y. X.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlak, T.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Peterson, A.; Pile, P.; Planinic, M.; Pluta, J.; Poljak, N.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Raniwala, S.; Raniwala, R.; Ray, R. L.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Roy, A.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sandacz, A.; Sandweiss, J.; Sarkar, A.; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Seger, J.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, M. K.; Sharma, B.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, D.; Smirnov, N.; Solanki, D.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B. J.; Sun, Z.; Sun, Y.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, X.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Takahashi, J.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A. N.; Thomas, J. H.; Tian, J.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vandenbroucke, M.; Varma, R.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vertesi, R.; Videbæk, F.; Viyogi, Y. P.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, Y.; Wang, F.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, H.; Wang, G.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y. F.; Xiao, Z.; Xie, W.; Xin, K.; Xu, N.; Xu, H.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Z.; Yang, Y.; Yang, S.; Yang, C.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Q.; Ye, Z.; Yepes, P.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, J. L.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, F.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, X.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2015-08-01

    A search for the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) critical point was performed by the STAR experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, using dynamical fluctuations of unlike particle pairs. Heavy ion collisions were studied over a large range of collision energies with homogeneous acceptance and excellent particle identification, covering a significant range in the QCD phase diagram where a critical point may be located. Dynamical K π , p π , and K p fluctuations as measured by the STAR experiment in central 0-5% Au + Au collisions from center-of-mass collision energies √{sN N}=7.7 to 200 GeV are presented. The observable νdyn was used to quantify the magnitude of the dynamical fluctuations in event-by-event measurements of the K π , p π , and K p pairs. The energy dependences of these fluctuations from central 0-5% Au + Au collisions all demonstrate a smooth evolution with collision energy.

  18. Top-Contact Pentacene-Based Organic Thin Film Transistor (OTFT) with N, N'-Bis(3-Methyl Phenyl)- N, N'-Diphenyl Benzidine (TPD)/Au Bilayer Source-Drain Electrode

    Science.gov (United States)

    Borthakur, Tribeni; Sarma, Ranjit

    2018-01-01

    A top-contact Pentacene-based organic thin film transistor (OTFT) with N, N'-Bis (3-methyl phenyl)- N, N'-diphenyl benzidine (TPD)/Au bilayer source-drain electrode is reported. The devices with TPD/Au bilayer source-drain (S-D) electrodes show better performance than the single layer S-D electrode OTFT devices. The field-effect mobility of 4.13 cm2 v-1 s-1, the on-off ratio of 1.86 × 107, the threshold voltage of -4 v and the subthreshold slope of .27 v/decade, respectively, are obtained from the device with a TPD/Au bilayer source-drain electrode.

  19. 40 CFR 35.936-18 - Negotiation of subagree-ments.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Negotiation of subagree-ments. 35.936... § 35.936-18 Negotiation of subagree-ments. (a) Formal advertising, with adequate purchase descriptions, sealed bids, and public openings shall be the required method of procurement unless negotiation under...

  20. Nicolas Lyon-Caen , La boîte à Perrette, le jansénisme parisien au xviiie siècle

    OpenAIRE

    Vermander, Benoît

    2012-01-01

    Nicolas Lyon-­­­Caen publie ici sa thèse sou­­te­­nue en 2008 à l’uni­­ver­­sité Paris I (dir. Cl. Mi­­­chaud) sous le titre Mar­­chands de miracles. La bour­­geoi­­sie jan­­sé­­niste pari­­sienne au xviiie siècle, elle-­­­même pro­­lon­­ge­­ment d’une thèse de l’École des Chartes consa­­crée au finan­­ce­­ment du « parti » jan­­sé­­niste au xviiie siècle (La boîte à Perrette, 2002). Ce n’est donc pas une his­­toire de l’ensemble des jan­­sé­­nistes pari­­siens que l’on trou­­vera dans cet ou...

  1. On ternary intermetallic aurides. CaAu{sub 2}Al{sub 2}, SrAu{sub 2-x}Al{sub 2+x} and Ba{sub 3}Au{sub 5+x}Al{sub 6-x}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Stegemann, Frank [Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster (Germany); Benndorf, Christopher [Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster (Germany); Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster (Germany); Institut fuer Mineralogie, Kristallographie und Materialwissenschaften, Universitaet Leipzig (Germany); Zhang, Yuemei; Fokwa, Boniface P.T. [Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA (United States); Bartsch, Manfred; Zacharias, Helmut [Physikalisches Institut, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster (Germany); Eckert, Hellmut [Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster (Germany); Instituto de Fisica de Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos, SP (Brazil); Janka, Oliver [Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster (Germany); Institut fuer Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg (Germany)

    2017-11-17

    The intermetallic compound CaAu{sub 2}Al{sub 2}, and the members of the solid solutions SrAu{sub 2-x}Al{sub 2+x} (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.33) and Ba{sub 3}Au{sub 5+x}Al{sub 6-x} (x = 0, 0.14, 0.49) were synthesized from the elements in sealed tantalum ampoules. The Ca compound crystallizes with the orthorhombic ThRu{sub 2}P{sub 2} type structure, whereas the targeted SrAu{sub 2}Al{sub 2} was found to form a solid solution according to SrAu{sub 2-x}Al{sub 2+x}. For the Ba system no ''BaAu{sub 2}Al{sub 2}'' was found, however, Ba{sub 3}Au{sub 5+x}Al{sub 6-x} was discovered to crystallize in the monoclinic space group C2/c with its own structure type. The samples were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction and their crystal structures were refined on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. All compounds were characterized furthermore by susceptibility measurements. The crystallographic aluminum sites of CaAu{sub 2}Al{sub 2} and Ba{sub 3}Au{sub 5}Al{sub 6} can be differentiated by {sup 27}Al solid state NMR spectra on the basis of their different electric field gradients, in agreement with theoretical calculations. The electron transfer from the alkaline earth metals and the aluminum atoms onto the gold atoms was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) classifying these intermetallics as aurides, in full agreement with the calculated Bader charges. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  2. Production of antimatter 5,6Li nuclei in central Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kai-Jia Sun

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Combining the covariant coalescence model and a blast-wave-like analytical parametrization for (anti-nucleon phase–space freezeout configuration, we explore light (anti-nucleus production in central Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV. Using the nucleon freezeout configuration (denoted by FO1 determined from the measured spectra of protons (p, deutrons (d and 3He, we find the predicted yield of 4He is significantly smaller than the experimental data. We show this disagreement can be removed by using a nucleon freezeout configuration (denoted by FO2 in which the nucleons are assumed to freeze out earlier than those in FO1 to effectively consider the effect of large binding energy value of 4He. Assuming the binding energy effect also exists for the production of 5Li, Li‾5, 6Li and Li‾6 due to their similar binding energy values as 4He, we find the yields of these heavier (anti-nuclei can be enhanced by a factor of about one order, implying that although the stable (anti-6Li nucleus is unlikely to be observed, the unstable (anti-5Li nucleus could be produced in observable abundance in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV where it may be identified through the p–4He (p‾–He‾4 invariant mass spectrum. The future experimental measurement on (anti-5Li would be very useful to understand the production mechanism of heavier antimatter.

  3. La teoría de la mente en la educación desde el enfoque socio-histórico de Lev Vigotsky

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wilmar Fernando Pineda Alhucema

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available La teoría de la mente estudia la habilidad para predecir las conductas del ser humano y para inferir sus estados mentales que permitan un conocimiento anticipado del otro. Las últimas investigaciones han mostrado que este concepto tiene una alta aplicabilidad en lo relacionado con la interacción social. Por otro lado, el enfoque sociohistórico propuesto por Vigotsky, plantea que los procesos psicológicos superiores son generados por la vida en comunidad y por la cultura. Debido a aplicabilidad de la teoría de la mente en la interacción social, es fácil mostrar la relación que hay entre ambas perspectivas y su potencial para la educación. El presente artículo de reflexión presenta argumentos desde los cuales se puede vislumbrar la incursión de las neurociencias en la formación socioafectiva en la escuela. AbstractThe theory of mind studies the ability to predict the behavior of human beings and to infer their mental states and allow advance knowledge of the other. The recent research has shown that this concept has a high applicability in relation to social interaction. On the other hand, socio-historical approach proposed by Vygotsky suggests that higher mental processes are generated by community life and culture. Because applicability of the theory of mind in social interaction, it is easy to show the relationship between the two perspectives and their potential for education. This reflection article presents arguments from which it can glimpse the incursion of the socio-affective neuroscience training in school.

  4. Ordered arrays of Au catalysts by FIB assisted heterogeneous dewetting.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Benkouider, A; Ronda, A; David, T; Favre, L; Abbarchi, M; Naffouti, M; Osmond, J; Delobbe, A; Sudraud, P; Berbezier, I

    2015-12-18

    Synthesizing Au0.8Si0.2 nanocatalysts that are homogeneous in size and have controlled position is becoming a challenging and crucial prequisite for the fabrication of ordered semiconductor nanowires. In this study, Au0.8Si0.2 nanocatalysts are synthesized via dewetting of Au layers on Si(111) during thermal annealing in an ultra-high vacuum. In the first part of the paper, the mechanism of homogeneous dewetting is analyzed as a function of the Au-deposited thickness (h Au). We distinguish three different dewetting regimes: (I) for a low thickness ([Formula: see text]), a submonolyer coverage of Au is stabilized and there is no dewetting. (II) For an intermediate thickness ([Formula: see text]), there is both dewetting and Au0.8Si0.2 phase formation. The size and density of the Au0.8Si0.2 clusters are directly related to h Au. When cooling down to room temperature, the clusters decompose and reject the Si at the Au/Si substrate interface. (III) For a large thickness ([Formula: see text]), only dewetting takes place, without forming AuSi clusters. In this regime, the dewetting is kinetically controlled by the self-diffusion of Au (activation energy ∼0.43 eV) without evidence of an Si-alloying effect. As a practical consequence, when relying solely on the homogeneous dewetting of Au/Si(111) to form the Au0.8Si0.2 catalysts (without a supply of Si atoms from vapor), regime II should be used to obtain good size and density control. In the second part of the paper, a process for ordering the catalysts using focused ion beam-(FIB) assisted dewetting (heterogeneous dewetting) is developed. We show that no matter what the FIB milling conditions and the Au nominal thickness are, dewetting is promoted by ion beam irradiation and is accompanied by the formation of Au0.8Si0.2 droplets. The droplets preferentially form on the patterned areas, while in similar annealing conditions, they do not form on the unpatterned areas. This behavior is attributed to the larger Au

  5. Sensitive electrochemical sensors for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, and uric acid based on Au@Pd-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiang, Jingjing; Du, Xuezhong

    2014-09-01

    Sensitive electrochemical sensors were fabricated with reduced graphene oxide-supported Au@Pd (Au@Pd-RGO) nanocomposites by one-step synthesis for individual and simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA) with low detection limits and wide concentration ranges. From the Au@Pd-RGO-modified electrodes, well-separated oxidation peaks and enhanced peak currents of AA, DA, and UA were observed owing to the superior conductivity of RGO and the excellent catalytic activity of Au@Pd nanoparticles. For individual detection, the linear responses of AA, DA, and UA were in the concentration ranges of 0.1-1000, 0.01-100, and 0.02-500 μM with detection limits of 0.02, 0.002, and 0.005 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. For simultaneous detection by synchronous change of the concentrations of AA, DA, and UA, the linear response ranges were 1-800, 0.1-100, and 0.1-350 μM with detection limits of 0.28, 0.024, and 0.02 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. The fabricated sensors were further applied to the detection of AA, DA, and UA in urine samples. The Au@Pd-RGO nanocomposites have promising applications in highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensing.Sensitive electrochemical sensors were fabricated with reduced graphene oxide-supported Au@Pd (Au@Pd-RGO) nanocomposites by one-step synthesis for individual and simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA) with low detection limits and wide concentration ranges. From the Au@Pd-RGO-modified electrodes, well-separated oxidation peaks and enhanced peak currents of AA, DA, and UA were observed owing to the superior conductivity of RGO and the excellent catalytic activity of Au@Pd nanoparticles. For individual detection, the linear responses of AA, DA, and UA were in the concentration ranges of 0.1-1000, 0.01-100, and 0.02-500 μM with detection limits of 0.02, 0.002, and 0.005 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. For simultaneous detection by synchronous change of the

  6. A relação entre a brincadeira de faz-de conta e o desenvolvimento de habilidades na aquisição de uma teoria da mente La relación entre el juego de simulacro infantil y el desarrollo de competencias en la adquisición de una teoría de la mente The relationship between make-believe play and the development of abilities to acquisition of theory of mind

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Claudia da Silva Alves

    2007-08-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo estuda-se a relação entre algumas operações básicas no desenvolvimento de uma teoria da mente, como ferramenta de interação, e habilidades que baseiam a brincadeira de faz-de-conta. Entende-se por teoria da mente o conjunto de habilidades que permitem à criança compreender, fazer referências e considerar estados mentais próprios e dos outros e diferenciá-los, operando socialmente a partir desta compreensão. Por brincadeira de faz-de-conta entende-se um setting de ação lúdica em que a criança opera num domínio imaginário, que não se limita nem corresponde à realidade concreta. Com base em alguns pressupostos já abordados na literatura sobre a relação entre o desenvolvimento de habilidades sociocognitivas e a aquisição uma teoria da mente, discute-se a observação e analise de uma interação comunicativa entre uma criança (3,9 anos e sua mãe. Evidencia-se que os jogos de faz-de-conta constituem-se como setting para a flexibilização do pensamento e surgimento de habilidades primordiais no desenvolvimento de uma teoria da mente.Este artículo presenta un análisis de la relación entre operaciones básicas para el desarrollo de una teoría de la mente y algunas competencias que dan bases al juego de simulacro. Definimos teoría de la mente como un conjunto de habilidades que le permite al niño comprender, mencionar y considerar los propios estados mentales, así como los de los otros, accionando socialmente por medio de esta comprensión. Como juegos de simulacro definimos un setting de acción lúdica en el cual el niño opera en un dominio imaginario, que no se limita, ni corresponde a la realidad concreta. Con base en algunas premisas anteriormente exploradas en la literatura sobre la relación entre el desarrollo de habilidades socio-cognitivas y la adquisición de una teoría de la mente, discutimos la observación y análisis de una interacción comunicativa entre un niño (3,9 años y su madre

  7. Total electron scattering cross sections of molecules containing H, C, N, O and F in the energy range 0.26.0 keV

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gurung, Meera Devi; Ariyasinghe, W.M., E-mail: wickram_ariyasinghe@baylor.edu

    2017-03-15

    Based on the effective atomic total electron scattering cross sections (EATCS) of atoms in a molecular environment, a simple model is proposed to predict the total electron scattering cross sections (TCS) of H, C, N, O, and F containing molecules. The EATCS for these five atoms are reported for 0.26.0 keV energies. The predicted TCS by this model are compared with experimental TCS in the literature. The experimental TCS of CHF{sub 3}, C{sub 2}F{sub 4}, C{sub 2}F{sub 2}H{sub 2}, C{sub 4}F{sub 6}, and c-C{sub 4}F{sub 8} have been obtained for 0.2–4.5 keV electrons by measuring the attenuation of the electron beam through a gas cell.

  8. Émergence de la « nationalité » et institutionnalisation des clivages sociaux au Koweït et au Bahreïn

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claire Beaugrand

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available A travers l’étude des variations de signification du concept de nationalité dans le Golfe au cours du xxe siècle, cet article analyse l’origine et l’institutionnalisation des lignes de clivages sociaux dans les sociétés nationales du Koweït et du Bahreïn. Il distingue entre le concept de « nationalité », considérée par l’empire britannique comme un groupe ethnico-culturel, et l’interprétation moderne qui en fait un lien juridique entre l’individu et l’État. Dans ce contexte, les deux pays étudiés ont opté pour une application hybride de ce concept. Bien que définissant légalement leurs ressortissants conformément aux exigences internationales, leurs lois sur la nationalité ont non seulement établi des hiérarchies entre nationaux, mais surtout favorisé l’absence d’intégration, ce qui a contribué à rendre plus difficile l’émergence d’une identité nationale propre.The Appearance of « Nationality » and the Institutionnalization of Social Hierarchy in Kuweit et au BahreinBy investigating the variations that affected the meaning of ‘nationality’ in the Gulf during the 20th century, this article aims at analysing the origin and the institutionalisation of the cleavages existing within the national Kuwaiti and Bahraini societies. It distinguishes between two kinds of conception: ‘nationality’ as understood by the British Empire in the sense of ethno-cultural groups and ‘nationality’ as the juridical link between an individual and a state as theorised by the international law. Against this background, it shows that Kuwait and Bahrain have both opted for an ambiguous application of the concept: though filing the international system’s requirements, their nationality laws set up hierarchies between nationals, providing no mechanisms of integration between them. This, it is claimed, hampered the national identity building.

  9. Evolución, cerebro y cognición

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Felipe Zapata

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available En esta revisión se presenta un recorrido sobre el proceso de la evolución cerebral en los últimos 4 millones de años; en la segunda parte, se enfatiza en el concepto de modularidad de la mente, y el papel del lenguaje y de la fluidez cognitiva en el paso de la mente primitiva a la mente moderna. Se hace referencia a las funciones ejecutivas, la memoria de trabajo y la teoría de la mente. El enfoque es el de la teoría de la complejidad, la cual concibe la mente como una emergencia, es decir, como una propiedad de la interacción, en este caso, de la interacción neural presente en el cerebro.

  10. L'imaginaire du Bureau et Les Usages du Fétiche au Gabon

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    un objet-souvenir, des pots de fleurs. Les photographies, les souvenirs de voyages et les présents sont les éléments les plus courants de l'appropriation. Toutefois, au Gabon, le bureau est aussi le prolongement de l'individu dans un système de représentations sociales, c'est-à-dire sa vie. Son corps est indissociable de ...

  11. Analysis of standard problem six (Semiscale test S-02-6) data

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cartmill, C.E.

    1977-08-01

    Test S-02-6 of the Semiscale Mod-1 blowdown heat transfer test series was conducted to supply data for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Standard Problem Six. To determine the credibility of the data and thus establish the validity of Standard Problem Six, an analysis of the results of Test S-02-6 was performed and is presented. This analysis consisted of investigations of system hydraulic and core thermal data. The credibility of the system hydraulic data was investigated through comparisons of the data with data and calculations from related sources (Test S-02-4) and, when necessary, through assessment of physical events. The credibility of the core thermal data was based on a thorough analysis of physical events. The results of these investigations substantiate the validity of Test S-02-6 data

  12. On Ni/Au Alloyed Contacts to Mg-Doped GaN

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sarkar, Biplab; Reddy, Pramod; Klump, Andrew; Kaess, Felix; Rounds, Robert; Kirste, Ronny; Mita, Seiji; Kohn, Erhard; Collazo, Ramon; Sitar, Zlatko

    2018-01-01

    Ni/Au contacts to p-GaN were studied as a function of free hole concentration in GaN using planar transmission line measurement structures. All contacts showed a nonlinear behavior, which became stronger for lower doping concentrations. Electrical and structural analysis indicated that the current conduction between the contact and the p-GaN was through localized nano-sized clusters. Thus, the non-linear contact behavior can be well explained using the alloyed contact model. Two contributions to the contact resistance were identified: the spreading resistance in the semiconductor developed by the current crowding around the electrically active clusters, and diode-type behavior at the interface of the electrically active clusters with the semiconductor. Hence, the equivalent Ni/Au contact model consists of a diode and a resistor in series for each active cluster. The reduced barrier height observed in the measurements is thought to be generated by the extraction of Ga from the crystalline surface and localized formation of the Au:Ga phase. The alloyed contact analyses presented in this work are in good agreement with some of the commonly observed behavior of similar contacts described in the literature.

  13. X-ray diffraction and Moessbauer study of (Fe1-xNi x)4N (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) films

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    El Khiraoui, S.; Sajieddine, M.; Vergnat, M.; Sahlaoui, M.; Bauer, Ph.; Mabrouki, M.

    2007-01-01

    Single phase (Fe 1-x Ni x ) 4 N compounds (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) have been synthesized by reactive evaporation and investigated by X-ray diffraction and Moessbauer spectrometry. The lattice parameters of the nitrides decrease from 3.796 to 3.774 A with increasing Ni concentration. The fitting results of Moessbauer spectra indicate that the average hyperfine field have the same changing tendency with lattice parameter and the nickel atoms have a tendency to be located at the corner site

  14. Teoría Computacional de la Mente.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mario Camacho Pinto

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available

    Cuando publiqué mi trabajo titulado “Inteligencia Artificial y Neurología” en la Revista MEDICINA en cuatro ejemplares Nos. 14, 15, 16, 17, Años 1986-1987, expuse exhaustivamente la contribución científica contemporánea de las Neuro-ciencias y experimenté la ingenua ilusión (frecuente ocurrencia en el ser humano de participar, así fuese muy lejanamente, en el optimismo de los científicos japoneses quienes ofrecían obtener en el decurso de pocos años inteligencia artificial equiparable con la inteligencia humana. Infortunadamente no sucedió así, no podía ser así, lo que nunca quiere decir que de mi parte se ignoren o se desconozcan los sensacionales logros que esos mismos científicos han venido consiguiendo.

    Ahora me encuentro entusiasmado en el desarrollo de otro tema de características similares, lo cual me induce a comentarlo así sea someramente en su trayectoria.

    Se trata de la teoría computacional de la mente, interesantísimo rubro expuesto prolijamente por Steven Pinker del Instituto Tecnológico de Massachussets en el libro del cual es autor, “best seller” de 660 páginas titulado “How the Mind Works”, publicado el año pasado con 800 referencias de bibliografía.

    Su cuidadosa lectura con mis múltiples fieles transcripciones a más de mi información personal mediante Internet, constituyen el bagage intelectual y el soporte científico que me han impulsado a escribir este somero comentario sobre tan trascendente tema, con destino a MEDICINA.

    La Teoría Computacional de la Mente tiene su origen en las ideas geniales del matemático norteamericano Alan Turing quien demostró que una máquina binaria podía ser programada para realizar cualquier tarea algorítmica, lo cual fue complementado en el mismo año de 1937 por Claude Shannon del MIT con la noción de integración de circuitos en los rieles eléctricos que integran el sistema binario de almacenamiento de información

  15. Backscattering analysis of AuGe-Ni ohmic contacts of n-GaAs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nassibian, A.G.; Kalkur, T.S.; Sutherland, G.J.; Cohen, D.

    1985-01-01

    AuGe-Ni is widely used for the fabrication of ohmic contacts to n-GaAs. The alloying behaviour of evaporated AuGe-Ni alloyed by furnace and Scanning Electron Beam, is characterised by Rutherford backscattering with 2MeV 4 He ions. Since the formation of alloyed AuGe-Ni contacts involves redistribution and diffusion of Ga, As, Ni, Ge and Au, it is difficult to separate the corresponding yields due to gold, Ga As, Ni and Ge in the spectrum. The technique used in the investigation involves assumption of depth distribution of elements and computing the resultant spectrum

  16. Electronic parameters of high barrier Au/Rhodamine-101/n-Inp Schottky diode with organic ınterlayer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Güllü, Ö.; Aydoğan, S.; Türüt, A.

    2012-01-01

    In this work, we present that Rhodamine-101 (Rh-101) organic molecules can control the electrical characteristics of conventional Au/n-InP metal–semiconductor contacts. An Au/n-InP Schottky junction with Rh-101 interlayer has been formed by using a simple cast process. A potential barrier height as high as 0.88 eV has been achieved for Au/Rh-101/n-InP Schottky diodes, which have good current–voltage (I–V) characteristics. This good performance is attributed to the effect of formation of interfacial organic thin layer between Au and n-InP. By using capacitance-voltage measurement of the Au/Rh-101/n-InP Schottky diode the diffusion potential and the barrier height have been calculated as 0.78 V and 0.88 eV, respectively. From the I–V measurement of the diode under illumination, short circuit current and open circuit voltage have been extracted as 1.70 μA and 240 mV, respectively.

  17. « Puedes hablar italiano » : négocier la conversation plurilingue dans un salon commercial international

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vanessa Piccoli

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Cet article propose une étude conversationnelle de quelques séquences de négociation de la langue entre locuteurs de langues romanes dans deux salons commerciaux internationaux (en France et en Italie. Par le biais de l’analyse de données audiovisuelles authentiques, nous observons comment les locuteurs gèrent spontanément une situation de plurilinguisme, quelle est leur attitude face au recours à une conversation plurilingue et à travers quelles pratiques cette-ci est mise en place. La motivation des participants est également prise en compte comme élément pivot, qui pousse les locuteurs à se mettre en jeu dans une conversation plurilingue.

  18. proposition de budget

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Miller, Gustavo -SIA

    à-d. du personnel existant) dans le context de la création de compétences en recherche. En règle générale, le CRDI ne verse pas de suppléments salariaux aux employés à plein temps, c.-à-d. d'honoraires qui s'ajouteraient à leur salaire régulier, ni de salaires plus élevés que ceux que l'institution paierait normalement.

  19. Contribution Economique et Sociale de la pêche artisanale aunégal

    OpenAIRE

    Dione, D.; Sy, A.B.; Ndiaye, M.S.

    2005-01-01

    Programme pour des Moyens d'Existence Durables dans la Pêche en Afrique de l'Ouest. Projet Pilote 1 "Moyens d'Existence améliorés dans le secteur post-capture de la pêche artisanale" au Cameroun, en Gambie, aunégal et au Tchad.

  20. Au Sub-Nanoclusters on TiO2 toward Highly Efficient and Selective Electrocatalyst for N2 Conversion to NH3 at Ambient Conditions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shi, Miao-Miao; Bao, Di; Wulan, Ba-Ri; Li, Yong-He; Zhang, Yue-Fei; Yan, Jun-Min; Jiang, Qing

    2017-05-01

    As the NN bond in N 2 is one of the strongest bonds in chemistry, the fixation of N 2 to ammonia is a kinetically complex and energetically challenging reaction and, up to now, its synthesis is still heavily relying on energy and capital intensive Haber-Bosch process (150-350 atm, 350-550 °C), wherein the input of H 2 and energy are largely derived from fossil fuels and thus result in large amount of CO 2 emission. In this paper, it is demonstrated that by using Au sub-nanoclusters (≈0.5 nm ) embedded on TiO 2 (Au loading is 1.542 wt%), the electrocatalytic N 2 reduction reaction (NRR) is indeed possible at ambient condition. Unexpectedly, NRR with very high and stable production yield (NH 3 : 21.4 µg h -1 mg -1 cat. , Faradaic efficiency: 8.11%) and good selectivity is achieved at -0.2 V versus RHE, which is much higher than that of the best results for N 2 fixation under ambient conditions, and even comparable to the yield and activation energy under high temperatures and/or pressures. As isolated precious metal active centers dispersed onto oxide supports provide a well-defined system, the special structure of atomic Au cluster would promote other important reactions besides NRR for water splitting, fuel cells, and other electrochemical devices. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  1. Current transport mechanisms in lattice-matched Pt/Au-InAlN/GaN Schottky diodes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ren, Jian; Yan, Dawei, E-mail: daweiyan@jiangnan.edu.cn; Yang, Guofeng; Wang, Fuxue; Xiao, Shaoqing; Gu, Xiaofeng [Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry (Ministry of Education), Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122 (China)

    2015-04-21

    Lattice-matched Pt/Au-In{sub 0.17}Al{sub 0.83}N/GaN hetreojunction Schottky diodes with circular planar structure have been fabricated and investigated by temperature dependent electrical measurements. The forward and reverse current transport mechanisms are analyzed by fitting the experimental current-voltage characteristics of the devices with various models. The results show that (1) the forward-low-bias current is mainly due to the multiple trap-assisted tunneling, while the forward-high-bias current is governed by the thermionic emission mechanism with a significant series resistance effect; (2) the reverse leakage current under low electric fields (<6 MV/cm) is mainly carried by the Frenkel-Poole emission electrons, while at higher fields the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling mechanism dominates due to the formation of a triangular barrier.

  2. TEORÍA DE LA MENTE EN NIÑOS PREESCOLARES: DIFERENCIAS ENTRE SEXOS Y CAPACIDAD DE MEMORIA DE TRABAJO (THEORY OF MIND IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: SEX DIFFERENCES AND WORKING MEMORY CAPACITY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Padilla-Mora Michael

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available Resumen:La teoría de la mente refiere a la habilidad para predecir y explicar el comportamiento de los demás, haciendo referencia a sus estados mentales internos, y es considerada como un aspecto fundamental del desar rollo cognitivo durante los años preescolares. Por otra parte, la capacidad de memoria de trabajo es un sistema que permite mantener en mente un determinado número de representaciones de manera simultánea, y también constituye una habilidad central para el desarrollo cognitivo de la población preescolar. En esta investigación se analizan las relaciones entre el desarrollo de la teoría de la mente y la capacidad de memoria de trabajo en 60 niños y niñas preescolares de entre 5 y 7 años, enfatizando posibles diferencias asociadas con el sexo de los participantes. Para la evaluación de la teoría de la mente se utilizaron 6 pruebas de falsa-creencia, mientras la capacidad de memoria de trabajo fue evaluada por medio de 2 tareas de señalamiento auto-ordenado. Los resultados revelan diferencias entre los sexos en el desarrollo de la teoría de la mente, y descartanla asociación entre esa misma habilidad y la capacidad de memoria de trabajo. Estos hallazgos se discuten en el contexto del debate actual respecto al de sarrollo de la teoría de la mente y las diferencias entre los sexos en el desarrollo cognitivo.Abstract:Theory of mind refers to the ability to predict and e xplain the behaviour of others in terms of their internal mental states, and has been recognized as a fundamental aspect of the cognitive development during the preschool years. On the other hand, the working memory capacity is a memory system that allows us to keep inmind certain number of representations simultaneously, and has been also considered as a central ability for the preschool population cognitive development. The present research analyzes the relation amid theory of mind development and working memory capacity in a sample of 60 preschool

  3. La teoría de la mente según el simulacionismo científico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael Padilla-Mora

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Resultados recientes de los trabajos en neurociencias describen algunos puntos fundamentales relacionados con el funcionamiento de la teoría de la mente (TdM en el homo sapiens sapiens. Algunos hallazgos han suscitado polémica entre los seguidores del simulacionismo y los adeptos de la teoría-teoría, privilegiando especialmente el punto de vista de los primeros. En este artículo se argumenta que, lejos de regresar a una discusión polarizada, se requiere el desarrollo de un constructo de la teoría de la mente (TdM acorde con el gran cuerpo de resultados de la investigación científica. Ni el simulacionismo ni la teoría-teoría, así como tampoco el modularismo ni una perspectiva híbrida entre esos enfoques parece capaz de dirigir un verdadero progreso. En su lugar, una noción de la TdM humana en términos de nuestra constitución biológica y de los recursos que en esa constitución pueden verse instanciados, podría ser un camino más indicado. La evidencia neurocientífica se sugiere como un buen cimiento para ese proyecto.

  4. Influence of hydrogen peroxide treatment on Au/n-ZnO contact

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, X.D.; Gu, Q.L.; Ling, C.C.; Djurisic, A.B. [Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road (China); Brauer, G.; Anwand, W.; Skorupa, W.; Reuther, H. [Institut fuer Ionenstrahlphysik und Materialforschung, Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, Postfach 510119, 01314 Dresden (Germany)

    2007-07-01

    The Au/n-ZnO contact behavior was investigated as a function of hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment of the ZnO sample by current-voltage (IV) measurement. The change from non-rectifying to rectifying performance upon etching was discussed in connection with sample characterization by positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was concluded that the gain of the rectifying property was properly associated with the formation of a defective interfacial region at the Au/n-ZnO contact. (copyright 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

  5. Proliferación de las células no neuronales del ganglio ciliar en cultivos in vitro

    OpenAIRE

    Padilla-Alvarez, F.; Alcaín Tejada, F.J.; Bustos Ruiz, M.

    1981-01-01

    In our investigations, non-neuron cells from ciliary ganglion of chick embryos (8 days-old), were cultured on tissue culture plastic dis¬hes, using as culture media heart-conditioned medium (HCM), HCM supple¬mented "with glucose (HCMC) and with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) added to HCM (HCMPHA). The low rate of proliferation observed in these ceil.s in ovo, per¬sists when the cells are cultured in vitro. The higest index of ,proliferation is obtained by using HCM as cultu re medium. We observed t...

  6. Characterization and Modeling I(V of the Gate Schottky Structures HEMTs Ni/Au/AlInN/GaN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    N. Benyahya

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available In this paper, we have studied the Schottky contact of Ni/Au/AlInN/GaN HEMTs. The current–voltage Igs (Vgs of Ni/Au/AlInN/GaN structures were investigated at room temperature. The electrical parameters such as ideality factor (2.3, barrier height (0.72 eV and series resistance (33 W were evaluated from I(V data, the threshold voltage (-2.42 V, the 2D gas density (1.35 ´ 1013 cm-2 and barrier height (0.94 eV were evaluated from C(V data.

  7. Self-assembled GaN nano-column grown on Si(111) substrate using Au+Ga alloy seeding method by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shim, Byung-Young; Ko, Eun-A; Song, Jae-Chul; Kang, Dong-Hun; Kim, Dong-Wook; Lee, In-Hwan; Kannappan, Santhakumar; Lee, Cheul-Ro

    2007-01-01

    Single-crystal GaN nano-column arrays were grown on Au-coated silicon (111) substrate by Au-Ga alloy seeding method using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The nano-column arrays were studied as a function of growth parameters and Au thin film thickness. The diameter and length of the as-grown nano-column vary from 100 to 500 nm and 4 to 6 μm, respectively. The surface morphology and optical properties of the nano-columns were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), cathodoluminescence (CL) and photoluminescence (PL). The Au+Ga alloy droplets were found to be uniformly distributed on silicon surface. Further, SEM image reveals a vertical growth and cylindrical in shape GaN nano-column. The chemical composition of the nano-column, which composed of gallium and nitrogen ions, was estimated by EDX. CL reveals a strong band edge emission from the GaN nano-column. PL spectra show a peak at 365.7 nm with a full-width half maximum (FWHM) of 65 meV which indicates good optical quality GaN nano-column with low dislocation density. Our results suggest that single crystal GaN nano-column can be grown on Au+Ga alloy on silicon substrate with a low dislocation density for better device performances. (author)

  8. Influence of a deep-level-defect band formed in a heavily Mg-doped GaN contact layer on the Ni/Au contact to p-GaN

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li Xiao-Jing; Zhao De-Gang; Jiang De-Sheng; Chen Ping; Zhu Jian-Jun; Liu Zong-Shun; Yang Jing; He Xiao-Guang; Yang Hui; Zhang Li-Qun; Zhang Shu-Ming; Le Ling-Cong; Liu Jian-Ping

    2015-01-01

    The influence of a deep-level-defect (DLD) band formed in a heavily Mg-doped GaN contact layer on the performance of Ni/Au contact to p-GaN is investigated. The thin heavily Mg-doped GaN (p ++ -GaN) contact layer with DLD band can effectively improve the performance of Ni/Au ohmic contact to p-GaN. The temperature-dependent I–V measurement shows that the variable-range hopping (VRH) transportation through the DLD band plays a dominant role in the ohmic contact. The thickness and Mg/Ga flow ratio of p ++ -GaN contact layer have a significant effect on ohmic contact by controlling the Mg impurity doping and the formation of a proper DLD band. When the thickness of the p ++ -GaN contact layer is 25 nm thick and the Mg/Ga flow rate ratio is 10.29%, an ohmic contact with low specific contact resistivity of 6.97× 10 −4 Ω·cm 2 is achieved. (paper)

  9. Leguay Jean-Pierre, 1999, La pollution au Moyen-Âge, Edition Jean-Paul Gisserot, Paris

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandrine Rousseau

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available Si vous aviez du Moyen-Âge la vision qu’en donnent certaines gravures : une belle princesse au bras d’un preux chevalier, Jean-Pierre Leguay, professeur d’histoire médiévale à l’université de Haute-Normandie, risque de vous surprendre. En effet, son ouvrage, La pollution au Moyen-Âge modifiera sans doute cette vision idyllique. Pour commencer, sachez que la princesse et son preux chevalier ont les pieds dans la boue, une boue composée de la fange, d’excréments humains, de déchets des bouchers...

  10. Leguay Jean-Pierre, 1999, La pollution au Moyen-Âge, Edition Jean-Paul Gisserot, Paris

    OpenAIRE

    Rousseau, Sandrine

    2004-01-01

    Si vous aviez du Moyen-Âge la vision qu’en donnent certaines gravures : une belle princesse au bras d’un preux chevalier, Jean-Pierre Leguay, professeur d’histoire médiévale à l’université de Haute-Normandie, risque de vous surprendre. En effet, son ouvrage, La pollution au Moyen-Âge modifiera sans doute cette vision idyllique. Pour commencer, sachez que la princesse et son preux chevalier ont les pieds dans la boue, une boue composée de la fange, d’excréments humains, de déchets des bouchers...

  11. Teoría de la mente y esquizofrenia: aspectos conceptuales y evolutivos

    OpenAIRE

    Sánchez de las Matas Martín, María del Carmen

    2014-01-01

    El presente trabajo analiza diversas definiciones y clasificaciones de ciertos elementos y procesos que se suelen considerar como estructuras o funciones del “cerebro social”, por ejemplo, las neuronas espejo, la empatía afectiva y la teoría de la mente o metarrepresentación, en relación con el surgimiento de hipótesis evolutivas sobre los trastornos que, de manera aparentemente paradójica, suponen la supervivencia biológica en la especie de trastornos cerebrales antiempáticos, como el autism...

  12. Description of spin reorientation transition in Au/Co/Au sandwich with Co film thickness within a simple phenomenological model of ferromagnetic film

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Popov, A.P.

    2012-01-01

    Simple phenomenological model of ferromagnetic film characterized by equal energies of surface anisotropies at two sides of a film (symmetric film) is considered. The model is used to describe a two-step spin reorientation transition (SRT) in Au/Co/Au sandwich with Co film thickness: the SRT from perpendicular to canted noncollinear (CNC) state at N ⊥ =6.3 atomic layers and the subsequent SRT from CNC to in-plane state at N ∥ =10.05 atomic layers. Analytic expressions for the stability criterion of collinear perpendicular and in-plane states of a film are derived with account of discrete location of atomic layers. The dependence of borders that separate regions corresponding to various magnetic states of a film in the (k B ,k S )-diagram on film thickness N is established. k S (k B ) is surface (bulk) reduced anisotropy constant. The comparison of theory with experiment related to Au/Co/Au sandwich shows that there is a whole region in the (k B ,k S )-diagram corresponding to experimentally determined values of threshold film thicknesses N ⊥ =6.3 and N ∥ =10.05. The comparison of this region with similar region determined earlier for a bare Co/Au film within the same model of asymmetric film and characterized by N ⊥ =3.5, N ∥ =5.5 shows that the intersection of these regions is not empty. Hence, both the SRT in Au/Co/Au sandwich and in bare Co/Au film with Co film thickness can be described within the same model using the same magnitudes of model parameters k S , k B . Based on this result we conclude that the energy of Neel surface anisotropy at free Co surface is negligible compared to the energy of Co–Au interface anisotropy. It is demonstrated that the destabilization of collinear states in symmetric film leads to occurrence of the ground CNC state and two novel metastable CNC states. These three CNC states exhibit different kinds of symmetry. In case of asymmetric film only ground CNC state occurs on destabilization of collinear states of a film

  13. Comparitive study of fluorescence lifetime quenching of rhodamine 6G by MoS2 and Au-MoS2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shakya, Jyoti; Kasana, Parath; Mohanty, T.

    2018-04-01

    Time resolved fluorescence study of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) in the presence of Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets and gold doped MoS2 (Au-MoS2) have been carried out and discussed. We have analyzed the fluorescence decay curves of R6G and it is observed that Au-MoS2 is a better fluorescence lifetime quencher as compare to MoS2 nanosheets. Also, the energy transfer efficiency and energy transfer rate from R6G to MoS2 and Au-MoS2 has been calculated and found higher for Au-MoS2.

  14. O Naturalismo Biológico de Searle e a Relação Mente-cérebro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Eduardo de Sousa Lyra

    Full Text Available RESUMO Apresentamos o 'naturalismo biológico' de John Searle enquanto possível referencial filosófico para um estudo da mente em diálogo com a neurociência contemporânea. O método utilizado baseia-se em uma revisão crítica e sistemática das principais obras de John Searle sobre a consciência e o problema mente-corpo, com eventuais consultas a outros autores. Nosso objetivo principal é demonstrar que a resolução apresentada por Searle ao problema mente-corpo acaba por introduzir um dualismo de propriedades ou de perspectivas que não resolve, de fato, o problema. Apesar disso, reconhecemos a posição apresentada por Searle como um avanço importante na tentativa de enfrentar a tradição cartesiana e alguns de seus caudatários contemporâneos.

  15. Raman scattering from In0.2Ga0.8N/GaN superlattices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kisoda, Kenji; Hirakura, Kohji; Harima, Hiroshi

    2006-01-01

    We have performed Raman scattering experiments on high quality In 0.2 Ga 0.8 N/GaN superlattices(SLs). The A 1 LO phonon mode from the In 0.2 Ga 0.8 N layer was observed in the Mg doped SL. This was attributable to manifestation of a resonance enhancement via acceptor levels formed by magnesium doping. The peak frequency of the A 1 LO mode shifted to high frequency side with the excitation energy. The frequency shift suggested that the composition of indium was fluctuated along the growth direction in the InGaN layer. (copyright 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

  16. Successful synthesis and thermal stability of immiscible metal Au-Rh, Au-Ir andAu-Ir-Rh nanoalloys

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shubin, Yury; Plyusnin, Pavel; Sharafutdinov, Marat; Makotchenko, Evgenia; Korenev, Sergey

    2017-05-01

    We successfully prepared face-centred cubic nanoalloys in systems of Au-Ir, Au-Rh and Au-Ir-Rh, with large bulk miscibility gaps, in one-run reactions under thermal decomposition of specially synthesised single-source precursors, namely, [AuEn2][Ir(NO2)6], [AuEn2][Ir(NO2)6] х [Rh(NO2)6]1-х and [AuEn2][Rh(NO2)6]. The precursors employed contain all desired metals ‘mixed’ at the atomic level, thus providing significant advantages for obtaining alloys. The observations using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy show that the nanoalloy structures are composed of well-dispersed aggregates of crystalline domains with a mean size of 5 ± 3 nm. Еnergy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray powder diffraction (XRD) measurements confirm the formation of AuIr, AuRh, AuIr0.75Rh0.25, AuIr0.50Rh0.50 and AuIr0.25Rh0.75 metastable solid solutions. In situ high-temperature synchrotron XRD (HTXRD) was used to study the formation mechanism of nanoalloys. The observed transformations are described by the ‘conversion chemistry’ mechanism characterised by the primary development of particles comprising atoms of only one type, followed by a chemical reaction resulting in the final formation of a nanoalloy. The obtained metastable nanoalloys exhibit essential thermal stability. Exposure to 180 °C for 30 h does not cause any dealloying process.

  17. (BTO) layer on electrical characteristics of Au/nS

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Bi4Ti3O12 (BTO) layer on electrical characteristics of Au/n-Si structures. M YILDIRIM and M ... matched deposition on crystal substrates by various growth methods .... tant electrical parameter, because it causes voltage drop of. IRs across the ...

  18. Annealing effects on structural and electrical properties of Ru/Au on n-GaN Schottky contacts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Reddy, V. Rajagopal; Rao, P. Koteswara; Ramesh, C.K.

    2007-01-01

    Thermal annealing effects on electrical and structural properties of Ru/Au Schottky contact to n-type GaN (n d = 4.07 x 10 17 cm -3 ) have been investigated using current-voltage (I-V), capacitance-voltage (C-V), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Schottky barrier height of the as-deposited sample was found to be 0.75 eV (I-V) and 0.93 eV (C-V), respectively. It is noted that the barrier height increased when the contact was annealed at 300 deg. C and slightly decreased upon annealing at temperatures of 400 deg. C and 500 deg. C. The extracted Schottky barrier heights are 0.99 eV (I-V), 1.34 eV (C-V) for 300 deg. C, 0.88 eV (I-V), 1.20 eV (C-V) for 400 deg. C and 0.72 eV (I-V), 1.08 eV (C-V) for 500 deg. C annealed contacts, respectively. Further it is observed that annealing results in the improvement of electrical properties of Ru/Au Schottky contacts. Based on Auger electron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies, the formation of gallide phases at the Ru/Au/n-GaN interface could be the reason for the improvement of electrical characteristics upon annealing at elevated temperatures

  19. Charged hadron transverse momentum distributions in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Barton, D. S.; Betts, R. R.; Ballintijn, M.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Budzanowski, A.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Heintzelman, G. A.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Katzy, J.; Khan, N.; Kucewicz, W.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W. T.; Lee, J. W.; Manly, S.; McLeod, D.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Remsberg, L. P.; Reuter, M.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rosenberg, L.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sawicki, P.; Skulski, W.; Steadman, S. G.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sukhanov, A.; Tang, J.-L.; Teng, R.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Wadsworth, B.; Wolfs, F. L. H.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wuosmaa, A. H.; Wysłouch, B.

    2004-01-01

    We present transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV. The spectra were measured for transverse momenta pT from 0.25 to 4.5 GeV/c in a pseudorapidity range of 0.2<η<1.4. The evolution of the spectra is studied as a function of collision centrality, from 65 to 344 participating nucleons. The results are compared to data from proton-antiproton collisions and Au+Au collisions at lower RHIC energies. We find a significant change of the spectral shape between proton-antiproton and semi-peripheral Au+Au collisions. Comparing semi-peripheral to central Au+Au collisions, we find that the yields at high pT exhibit approximate scaling with the number of participating nucleons, rather than scaling with the number of binary collisions.

  20. Sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for α-fetoprotein based on graphene/SnO2/Au nanocomposite.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Junfeng; Lin, Guanhua; Xiao, Can; Xue, Ying; Yang, Ankang; Ren, Hongxuan; Lu, Wensheng; Zhao, Hong; Li, Xiangjun; Yuan, Zhuobin

    2015-09-15

    A label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP) was developed based on graphene/SnO2/Au nanocomposite. The graphene/SnO2/Au nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode was used to immobilize α-fetoprotein antibody (anti-AFP) and to construct the immunosensor. Results demonstrated that the peak currents of [Ru(NH3)6](3+) decreased due to the interaction between antibody and antigen on the modified electrode. Thus, a label-free immunosensor for the detection of AFP was realized by monitoring the peak current change of [Ru(NH3)6](3+). The factors influencing the performance of the immunosensor were investigated in details. Under optimal conditions, the peak currents obtained by DPV decreased linearly with the increasing AFP concentrations in the range from 0.02 to 50 ng mL(-1) with a linear coefficient of 0.9959. This electrochemical immunoassay has a low detection limit of 0.01 ng mL(-1) (S/N=3) and was successfully applied to the determination of AFP in serum samples. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  1. L'égalité, un effort collectif aunégal | CRDI - Centre de ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    8 nov. 2011 ... Les lois et les traditions aunégal sont en désaccord quant aux ... C'est le cas dans l'ensemble du pays, alors que plus des trois quarts des femmes économiquement actives aunégal travaillent dans le secteur agricole.

  2. N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide based cryogels - synthesis and biomimetic modification for stem cell applications

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Golunova, Anna; Jaroš, J.; Jurtíková, V.; Kotelnikov, Ilya; Kotek, Jiří; Hlídková, Helena; Streit, L.; Hampl, A.; Rypáček, František; Proks, Vladimír

    2015-01-01

    Roč. 64, Suppl. 1 (2015), S19-S27 ISSN 0862-8408 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA13-29009S; GA MŠk(CZ) ED1.1.00/02.0109 Institutional support: RVO:61389013 Keywords : hydrogels * cryogels * stem cells Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology Impact factor: 1.643, year: 2015 http://www.biomed.cas.cz/physiolres/pdf/64%20Suppl%201/64_S19.pdf

  3. Centrality and pseudorapidity dependence of charged hadron production at intermediate pt in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 130 GeV

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Adams, J.; Aggarwal, M.M.; Ahammed, Z.; Amonett, J.; Anderson, B.D.; Arkhipkin, D.; Averichev, G.S.; Bai, Y.; Balewski, J.; Barannikova, O.; Barnby, L.S.; Baudot, J.; Bekele, S.; Belaga, V.V.; Bellwied, R.; Berger, J.; Bezverkhny, B.I.; Bharadwaj, S.; Bhatia, V.S.; Bichsel, H.; Billmeier, A.; Bland, L.C.; Blyth, C.O.; Bonner, B.E.; Botje, M.; Boucham, A.; Brandin, A.; Bravar, A.; Bystersky, M.; Cadman, R.V.; Cai, X.Z.; Caines, H.; Calderon de la Barca Sanchez, M.; Carroll, J.; Castillo, J.; Cebra, D.; Chaloupka, P.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, H.F.; Chen, Y.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Chikanian, A.; Christie, W.; Coffin, J.P.; Cormier, T.M.; Cramer, J.G.; Crawford, H.J.; Das, D.; Das, S.; Moura, M.M. de; Derevschikov, A.A.; Didenko, L.; Dietel, T.; Dong, W.J.; Dong, X.; Draper, J.E.; Du, F.; Dubey, A.K.; Dunin, V.B.; Dunlop, J.C.; Dutta Mazumdar, M.R.; Eckardt, V.; Edwards, W.R.; Efimov, L.G.; Emelianov, V.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Fachini, P.; Faivre, J.; Fatemi, R.; Fedorisin, J.; Filimonov, K.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Foley, K.J.; Fomenko, K.; Fu, J.; Gagliardi, C.A.; Gans, J.; Ganti, M.S.; Gaudichet, L.; Geurts, F.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Ghosh, P.; Gonzalez, J.E.; Grachov, O.; Grebenyuk, O.; Grosnick, D.; Guertin, S.M.; Gupta, A.; Gutierrez, T.D.; Hallman, T.J.; Hamed, A.; Hardtke, D.; Harris, J.W.; Heinz, M.; Henry, T.W.; Heppelmann, S.; Hippolyte, B.; Hirsch, A.; Hjort, E.; Hoffmann, G.W.; Huang, H.Z.; Huang, S.L.; Hughes, E.W.; Humanic, T.J.; Igo, G.; Ishihara, A.; Jacobs, P.; Jacobs, W.W.; Janik, M.; Jiang, H.; Jones, P.G.; Judd, E.G.; Kabana, S.; Kang, K.; Kaplan, M.; Keane, D.; Khodyrev, V.Yu; Kiryluk, J.; Kisiel, A.; Kislov, E.M.; Klay, J.; Klein, S.R.; Klyachko, A.; Koetke, D.D.; Kollegger, T.; Kopytine, M.; Kotchenda, L.; Kramer, M.; Kravtsov, P.; Kravtsov, V.I.; Krueger, K.; Kuhn, C.; Kulikov, A.I.; Kumar, A.; Kunz, C.L.; Kutuev, R.Kh.; Kuznetsov, A.A.; Lamont, M.A.C.

    2004-01-01

    We present STAR measurements of charged hadron production as a function of centrality in Au + Au collisions at √s NN = 130 GeV. The measurements cover a phase space region of 0.2 T T distributions of charged hadrons in these two pseudorapidity bins. We measured dN/dη distributions and truncated mean p T in a region of p T > P T cut , and studied the results in the framework of participant and binary scaling. No clear evidence is observed for participant scaling of charged hadron yield in the measured pT region. The relative importance of hard scattering process is investigated through binary scaling fraction of particle production

  4. Mise au point

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Le diagnostic de mal de Pott sous occipital associé à une localisation tuberculeuse pulmonaire a été retenu. Le traite- ment anti-tuberculeux a ... The follow-up was 6 years. Discussion : The sub occipital pain Pott localisation was rare. ... 6), associée à une opacité fibreuse rétractile du lobe pulmonaire supérieure gauche.

  5. Spin resolved electronic transport through N@C20 fullerene molecule between Au electrodes: A first principles study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Caliskan, Serkan

    2018-05-01

    Using first principles study, through Density Functional Theory combined with Non Equilibrium Green's Function Formalism, electronic properties of endohedral N@C20 fullerene molecule joining Au electrodes (Au-N@C20) was addressed in the presence of spin property. The electronic transport behavior across the Au-N@C20 molecular junction was investigated by spin resolved transmission, density of states, molecular orbitals, differential conductance and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. Spin asymmetric variation was clearly observed in the results due to single N atom encapsulated in the C20 fullerene cage, where the N atom played an essential role in the electronic behavior of Au-N@C20. This N@C20 based molecular bridge, exhibiting a spin dependent I-V variation, revealed a metallic behavior within the bias range from -1 V to 1 V. The induced magnetic moment, spin polarization and other relevant quantities associated with the spin resolved transport were elucidated.

  6. Identified hadron transverse momentum spectra in Au+Au collisions at sNN=62.4 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Chai, Z.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; Gburek, T.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Hauer, M.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Khan, N.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Reed, C.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Sagerer, J.; Seals, H.; Sedykh, I.; Smith, C. E.; Stankiewicz, M. A.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sukhanov, A.; Tonjes, M. B.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; Nieuwenhuizen, G. J. Van; Vaurynovich, S. S.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Wenger, E.; Wolfs, F. L. H.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wysłouch, B.

    2007-02-01

    Transverse momentum spectra of pions, kaons, protons, and antiprotons from Au+Au collisions at sNN = 62.4 GeV have been measured by the PHOBOS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The identification of particles relies on three different methods: low momentum particles stopping in the first detector layers; the specific energy loss (dE/dx) in the silicon spectrometer, and time-of-flight measurement. These methods cover the transverse momentum ranges 0.03 0.2, 0.2 1.0, and 0.5 3.0 GeV/c, respectively. Baryons are found to have substantially harder transverse momentum spectra than mesons. The pT region in which the proton to pion ratio reaches unity in central Au+Au collisions at sNN = 62.4 GeV fits into a smooth trend as a function of collision energy. At low transverse mass, the spectra of various species exhibit a significant deviation from transverse mass scaling. The observed particle yields at very low pT are comparable to extrapolations from higher pT for kaons, protons and antiprotons. By comparing our results to Au+Au collisions at sNN = 200 GeV, we conclude that the net proton yield at midrapidity is proportional to the number of participant nucleons in the collision.

  7. Au/ZnO hybrid nanocatalysts impregnated in N-doped graphene for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, acetaminophen and dopamine

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, Xianlan [School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100 (China); Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical & Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100 (China); Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument & Pharmaceutical Technology, Yishan Campus, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002 (China); Zhang, Guowei; Shi, Ling; Pan, Shanqing [School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100 (China); Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical & Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100 (China); Liu, Wei, E-mail: liuwei4728@126.com [School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100 (China); Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical & Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100 (China); Pan, Hiabo [Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument & Pharmaceutical Technology, Yishan Campus, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002 (China)

    2016-08-01

    The formation of nitrogen-doped (N-doped) graphene uses hydrothermal method with urea as reducing agent and nitrogen source. The surface elemental composition of the catalyst was analyzed through XPS, which showed a high content of a total N species (7.12 at.%), indicative of the effective N-doping, present in the form of pyridinic N, pyrrolic N and graphitic N groups. Moreover, Au nanoparticles deposited on ZnO nanocrystals surface, forming Au/ZnO hybrid nanocatalysts, undergo a super-hydrophobic to super-hydrophilic conversion. Herein, we present Au/ZnO hybrid nanocatalysts impregnated in N-doped graphene sheets through sonication technique of the Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene hybrid nanostructures. The as-prepared Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene hybrid nanostructure modified glassy carbon electrode (Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene/GCE) was first employed for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and acetaminophen (AC). The oxidation over-potentials of AA, DA and AC decreased dramatically, and their oxidation peak currents increased significantly at Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene/GCE compared to those obtained at the N-doped graphene/GCE and bare CCE. The peak separations between AA and DA, DA and AC, and AC and AA are large up to 195, 198 and 393 mV, respectively. The calibration curves for AA, DA and AC were obtained in the range of 30.00–13.00 × 10{sup 3}, 2.00–0.18 × 10{sup 3} and 5.00–3.10 × 10{sup 3} μM, respectively. The detection limits (S/N = 3) were 5.00, 0.40 and 0.80 μM for AA, DA and AC, respectively. - Graphical abstract: A novel Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene hybrid nanostructure was synthesized for the electrochemical evaluation of AA, DA and AC. The formation of N-doped graphene uses hydrothermal method with urea as reducing agent and nitrogen source. Moreover, Au nanoparticles deposited on ZnO nanocrystals surface, forming Au/ZnO hybrid nanocatalysts, undergo a super-hydrophobic to superhydrophilic conversion. We present Au/ZnO hybrid

  8. Au/ZnO hybrid nanocatalysts impregnated in N-doped graphene for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, acetaminophen and dopamine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen, Xianlan; Zhang, Guowei; Shi, Ling; Pan, Shanqing; Liu, Wei; Pan, Hiabo

    2016-01-01

    The formation of nitrogen-doped (N-doped) graphene uses hydrothermal method with urea as reducing agent and nitrogen source. The surface elemental composition of the catalyst was analyzed through XPS, which showed a high content of a total N species (7.12 at.%), indicative of the effective N-doping, present in the form of pyridinic N, pyrrolic N and graphitic N groups. Moreover, Au nanoparticles deposited on ZnO nanocrystals surface, forming Au/ZnO hybrid nanocatalysts, undergo a super-hydrophobic to super-hydrophilic conversion. Herein, we present Au/ZnO hybrid nanocatalysts impregnated in N-doped graphene sheets through sonication technique of the Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene hybrid nanostructures. The as-prepared Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene hybrid nanostructure modified glassy carbon electrode (Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene/GCE) was first employed for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and acetaminophen (AC). The oxidation over-potentials of AA, DA and AC decreased dramatically, and their oxidation peak currents increased significantly at Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene/GCE compared to those obtained at the N-doped graphene/GCE and bare CCE. The peak separations between AA and DA, DA and AC, and AC and AA are large up to 195, 198 and 393 mV, respectively. The calibration curves for AA, DA and AC were obtained in the range of 30.00–13.00 × 10"3, 2.00–0.18 × 10"3 and 5.00–3.10 × 10"3 μM, respectively. The detection limits (S/N = 3) were 5.00, 0.40 and 0.80 μM for AA, DA and AC, respectively. - Graphical abstract: A novel Au/ZnO/N-doped graphene hybrid nanostructure was synthesized for the electrochemical evaluation of AA, DA and AC. The formation of N-doped graphene uses hydrothermal method with urea as reducing agent and nitrogen source. Moreover, Au nanoparticles deposited on ZnO nanocrystals surface, forming Au/ZnO hybrid nanocatalysts, undergo a super-hydrophobic to superhydrophilic conversion. We present Au/ZnO hybrid nanocatalysts

  9. Structural, (197)Au Mössbauer and solid state (31)P CP/MAS NMR studies on bis (cis-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene) gold(I) complexes [Au(dppey)(2)]X for X = PF(6), I.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Healy, Peter C; Loughrey, Bradley T; Bowmaker, Graham A; Hanna, John V

    2008-07-28

    (197)Au Mössbauer spectra for the d(10) gold(i) phosphine complexes, [Au(dppey)(2)]X (X = PF(6), I; dppey = (cis-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene), and the single crystal X-ray structure and solid state (31)P CPMAS NMR spectrum of [Au(dppey)(2)]I are reported here. In [Au(dppey)(2)]I the AuP(4) coordination geometry is distorted from the approximately D(2) symmetry observed for the PF(6)(-) complex with Au-P bond lengths 2.380(2)-2.426(2) A and inter-ligand P-Au-P angles 110.63(5)-137.71(8) degrees . Quadrupole splitting parameters derived from the Mössbauer spectra are consistent with the increased distortion of the AuP(4) coordination sphere with values of 1.22 and 1.46 mm s(-1) for the PF(6)(-) and I(-) complexes respectively. In the solid state (31)P CP MAS NMR spectrum of [Au(dppey)(2)]I, signals for each of the four crystallographically independent phosphorus nuclei are observed, with the magnitude of the (197)Au quadrupole coupling being sufficiently large to produce a collapse of (1)J(Au-P) splitting from quartets to doublets. The results highlight the important role played by the counter anion in the determination of the structural and spectroscopic properties of these sterically crowded d(10) complexes.

  10. Microstructure and thermal stability of Cu/Zr0.3Al0.7N/Zr0.2Al0.8N/Al34O60N6 cermet-based solar selective absorbing coatings

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meng, Jian-ping; Guo, Rui-rui; Li, Hu; Zhao, Lu-ming; Liu, Xiao-peng; Li, Zhou

    2018-05-01

    Solar selective absorbing coatings play a valuable role in photo-thermal conversion for high efficiency concentrating solar power systems (CSP). In this paper, a novel Cu/Zr0.3Al0.7N/Zr0.2Al0.8N/Al34O60N6 cermet-based solar selective absorbing coating was successfully deposited by ion beam assisted deposition. The optical properties, microstructure and element distribution in depth were investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry, UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), respectively. A high absorptance of 0.953 and a low thermal emittance of 0.079 at 400 °C are obtained by the integral computation according to the whole reflectance from 300 nm to 28,800 nm. After annealing treatment at 400 °C (in vacuum) for 192 h, the deposited coating exhibits the high thermal stability. Whereas, the photothermal conversion efficiency decreases from 12.10 to 6.86 due to the emittance increase after annealing at 600 °C for 192 h. Meanwhile, the nitrogen atom in the Zr0.3Al0.7N sub-layer diffuses toward the adjacent sub-layer due to the spinodal decomposition of metastable c-ZrAlN and the phase transition from c-AlN to h-AlN, which leads to the composition of the Zr0.3Al0.7N sub-layer deviates the initial design. This phenomenon has a guide effect for the thermal-stability improvement of cermet coatings. Additionally, a serious diffusion between copper and silicon substrate also contributes to the emittance increase.

  11. Surface diffusion coefficient of Au atoms on single layer graphene grown on Cu

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ruffino, F., E-mail: francesco.ruffino@ct.infn.it; Cacciato, G.; Grimaldi, M. G. [Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia-Universitá di Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy and MATIS IMM-CNR, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania (Italy)

    2014-02-28

    A 5 nm thick Au film was deposited on single layer graphene sheets grown on Cu. By thermal processes, the dewetting phenomenon of the Au film on the graphene was induced so to form Au nanoparticles. The mean radius, surface-to-surface distance, and surface density evolution of the nanoparticles on the graphene sheets as a function of the annealing temperature were quantified by scanning electron microscopy analyses. These quantitative data were analyzed within the classical mean-field nucleation theory so to obtain the temperature-dependent Au atoms surface diffusion coefficient on graphene: D{sub S}(T)=[(8.2±0.6)×10{sup −8}]exp[−(0.31±0.02(eV)/(at) )/kT] cm{sup 2}/s.

  12. Measurement of the higher-order anisotropic flow coefficients for identified hadrons in Au + Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adare, A.; Afanasiev, S.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Akiba, Y.; Al-Bataineh, H.; Alexander, J.; Aoki, K.; Aramaki, Y.; Atomssa, E. T.; Averbeck, R.; Awes, T. C.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bai, M.; Baksay, G.; Baksay, L.; Barish, K. N.; Bassalleck, B.; Basye, A. T.; Bathe, S.; Baublis, V.; Baumann, C.; Bazilevsky, A.; Belikov, S.; Belmont, R.; Bennett, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Bickley, A. A.; Bok, J. S.; Boyle, K.; Brooks, M. L.; Buesching, H.; Bumazhnov, V.; Bunce, G.; Butsyk, S.; Camacho, C. M.; Campbell, S.; Chen, C.-H.; Chi, C. Y.; Chiu, M.; Choi, I. J.; Choudhury, R. K.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Chung, P.; Chvala, O.; Cianciolo, V.; Citron, Z.; Cole, B. A.; Connors, M.; Constantin, P.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Dahms, T.; Dairaku, S.; Danchev, I.; Das, K.; Datta, A.; David, G.; Denisov, A.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dietzsch, O.; Dion, A.; Donadelli, M.; Drapier, O.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; Dutta, D.; Edwards, S.; Efremenko, Y. V.; Ellinghaus, F.; Engelmore, T.; Enokizono, A.; En'yo, H.; Esumi, S.; Fadem, B.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Fleuret, F.; Fokin, S. L.; Fraenkel, Z.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fujiwara, K.; Fukao, Y.; Fusayasu, T.; Garishvili, I.; Glenn, A.; Gong, H.; Gonin, M.; Goto, Y.; Granier de Cassagnac, R.; Grau, N.; Greene, S. V.; Grosse Perdekamp, M.; Gu, Y.; Gunji, T.; Gustafsson, H.-Å.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamblen, J.; Han, R.; Hanks, J.; Hartouni, E. P.; Haslum, E.; Hayano, R.; He, X.; Heffner, M.; Hemmick, T. K.; Hester, T.; Hill, J. C.; Hohlmann, M.; Holzmann, W.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Horaguchi, T.; Hornback, D.; Huang, S.; Ichihara, T.; Ichimiya, R.; Ide, J.; Ikeda, Y.; Imai, K.; Inaba, M.; Isenhower, D.; Ishihara, M.; Isobe, T.; Issah, M.; Isupov, A.; Ivanischev, D.; Jacak, B. V.; Jia, J.; Jin, J.; Johnson, B. M.; Joo, K. S.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kajihara, F.; Kametani, S.; Kamihara, N.; Kamin, J.; Kang, J. H.; Kapustinsky, J.; Karatsu, K.; Kawall, D.; Kawashima, M.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Kempel, T.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kijima, K. M.; Kim, B. I.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E.; Kim, E.-J.; Kim, S. H.; Kim, Y.-J.; Kinney, E.; Kiriluk, K.; Kiss, Á.; Kistenev, E.; Kochenda, L.; Komkov, B.; Konno, M.; Koster, J.; Kotchetkov, D.; Kozlov, A.; Král, A.; Kravitz, A.; Kunde, G. J.; Kurita, K.; Kurosawa, M.; Kwon, Y.; Kyle, G. S.; Lacey, R.; Lai, Y. S.; Lajoie, J. G.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, D. M.; Lee, J.; Lee, K.; Lee, K. B.; Lee, K. S.; Leitch, M. J.; Leite, M. A. L.; Leitner, E.; Lenzi, B.; Li, X.; Liebing, P.; Linden Levy, L. A.; Liška, T.; Litvinenko, A.; Liu, H.; Liu, M. X.; Love, B.; Luechtenborg, R.; Lynch, D.; Maguire, C. F.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Malakhov, A.; Malik, M. D.; Manko, V. I.; Mannel, E.; Mao, Y.; Masui, H.; Matathias, F.; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; Means, N.; Meredith, B.; Miake, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Mikeš, P.; Miki, K.; Milov, A.; Mishra, M.; Mitchell, J. T.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, A. K.; Morino, Y.; Morreale, A.; Morrison, D. P.; Moukhanova, T. V.; Murata, J.; Nagamiya, S.; Nagle, J. L.; Naglis, M.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakamiya, Y.; Nakamura, T.; Nakano, K.; Newby, J.; Nguyen, M.; Niida, T.; Nouicer, R.; Nyanin, A. S.; O'Brien, E.; Oda, S. X.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Oka, M.; Okada, K.; Onuki, Y.; Oskarsson, A.; Ouchida, M.; Ozawa, K.; Pak, R.; Pantuev, V.; Papavassiliou, V.; Park, I. H.; Park, J.; Park, S. K.; Park, W. J.; Pate, S. F.; Pei, H.; Peng, J.-C.; Pereira, H.; Peresedov, V.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pisani, R. P.; Proissl, M.; Purschke, M. L.; Purwar, A. K.; Qu, H.; Rak, J.; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Ravinovich, I.; Read, K. F.; Reygers, K.; Reynolds, D.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Richardson, E.; Roach, D.; Roche, G.; Rolnick, S. D.; Rosati, M.; Rosen, C. A.; Rosendahl, S. S. E.; Rosnet, P.; Rukoyatkin, P.; Ružička, P.; Sahlmueller, B.; Saito, N.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sakashita, K.; Samsonov, V.; Sano, S.; Sato, T.; Sawada, S.; Sedgwick, K.; Seele, J.; Seidl, R.; Semenov, A. Yu.; Seto, R.; Sharma, D.; Shein, I.; Shibata, T.-A.; Shigaki, K.; Shimomura, M.; Shoji, K.; Shukla, P.; Sickles, A.; Silva, C. L.; Silvermyr, D.; Silvestre, C.; Sim, K. S.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Slunečka, M.; Soltz, R. A.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sorensen, S. P.; Sourikova, I. V.; Sparks, N. A.; Stankus, P. W.; Stenlund, E.; Stoll, S. P.; Sugitate, T.; Sukhanov, A.; Sziklai, J.; Takagui, E. M.; Taketani, A.; Tanabe, R.; Tanaka, Y.; Tanida, K.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; Tarafdar, S.; Taranenko, A.; Tarján, P.; Themann, H.; Thomas, T. L.; Todoroki, T.; Togawa, M.; Toia, A.; Tomášek, L.; Torii, H.; Towell, R. S.; Tserruya, I.; Tsuchimoto, Y.; Vale, C.; Valle, H.; van Hecke, H. W.; Vazquez-Zambrano, E.; Veicht, A.; Velkovska, J.; Vértesi, R.; Vinogradov, A. A.; Virius, M.; Vrba, V.; Vznuzdaev, E.; Wang, X. R.; Watanabe, D.; Watanabe, K.; Watanabe, Y.; Wei, F.; Wei, R.; Wessels, J.; White, S. N.; Winter, D.; Wood, J. P.; Woody, C. L.; Wright, R. M.; Wysocki, M.; Xie, W.; Yamaguchi, Y. L.; Yamaura, K.; Yang, R.; Yanovich, A.; Ying, J.; Yokkaichi, S.; You, Z.; Young, G. R.; Younus, I.; Yushmanov, I. E.; Zajc, W. A.; Zhang, C.; Zhou, S.; Zolin, L.; Phenix Collaboration

    2016-05-01

    Measurements of the anisotropic flow coefficients v2{Ψ2} ,v3{Ψ3} ,v4{Ψ4} , and v4{Ψ2} for identified particles (π±,K± , and p +p ¯ ) at midrapidity, obtained relative to the event planes Ψm at forward rapidities in Au + Au collisions at √{sNN}=200 GeV , are presented as a function of collision centrality and particle transverse momenta pT. The vn coefficients show characteristic patterns consistent with hydrodynamical expansion of the matter produced in the collisions. For each harmonic n , a modified valence quark-number Nq scaling [plotting vn{Ψm} /(Nq) n /2 versus transverse kinetic energies (KET) /Nq] is observed to yield a single curve for all the measured particle species for a broad range of KET. A simultaneous blast-wave model fit to the observed vn{Ψm} (pT) coefficients and published particle spectra identifies radial flow anisotropies ρn{Ψm} and spatial eccentricities sn{Ψm} at freeze-out. These are generally smaller than the initial-state participant-plane geometric eccentricities ɛn{ΨmPP} as also observed in the final eccentricity from quantum interferometry measurements with respect to the event plane.

  13. Density functional study of the stability and magnetic behaviour of Au{sub n}TM{sup +} clusters (TM=Au,Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe; 1{<=}n{<=}9)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Torres, M.B. [Dpto. de Matematicas y Computacion, Univ. de Burgos, Avda. de Cantabria s/n, 09006-Burgos (Spain); Fernandez, E.M.; Balbas, L.C. [Dpto. de Fisica Teorica, Univ. de Valladolid, Prado de la Magdalena s/n, 47011-Valladolid (Spain)

    2005-03-01

    We study the element- and size-dependent electron stability of Au{sub n}TM{sup +} clusters (TM=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Au; 1{<=}n{<=}9) by means of first-principles density functional calculations. The interplay between the cluster atomic arrangements and their electronic and magnetic structure is investigated for the few lower energy isomeric-states in dependence of the TM-atom and its environment in the cluster. We explain the experimental magic-numbers, observed recently, as well as the trend of the impurity local magnetic moment in dependence with the size of the cluster and the position of the impurity in the host. (copyright 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

  14. Alkyne hydroarylation with Au N-heterocyclic carbene catalysts

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina Tubaro

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Mono- and dinuclear gold complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC ligands have been employed as catalysts in the intermolecular hydroarylation of alkynes with simple unfunctionalised arenes. Both mono- and dinuclear gold(III complexes were able to catalyze the reaction; however, the best results were obtained with the mononuclear gold(I complex IPrAuCl. This complex, activated with one equivalent of silver tetrafluoroborate, exhibited under acidic conditions at room temperature much higher catalytic activity and selectivity compared to more commonly employed palladium(II catalysts. Moreover, the complex was active, albeit to a minor extent, even under neutral conditions, and exhibited lower activity but higher selectivity compared to the previously published complex AuCl(PPh3. Preliminary results on intramolecular hydroarylations using this catalytic system indicate, however, that alkyne hydration by traces of water may become a serious competing reaction.

  15. CO adsorption on small Au{sub n} (n = 1–4) structures supported on hematite. I. Adsorption on iron terminated α-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} (0001) surface

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pabisiak, Tomasz; Kiejna, Adam, E-mail: kiejna@ifd.uni.wroc.pl [Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Wrocław, Plac M. Borna 9, 50-204 Wrocław (Poland); Winiarski, Maciej J. [Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Wrocław, Plac M. Borna 9, 50-204 Wrocław (Poland); Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław (Poland)

    2016-01-28

    This is the first of two papers dealing with the adsorption of Au and formation of Au{sub n} nanostructures (n = 1–4) on hematite (0001) surface and adsorption of CO thereon. The stoichiometric Fe-terminated (0001) surface of hematite was investigated using density functional theory in the generalized gradient approximation of Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) form with Hubbard correction U, accounting for strong electron correlations (PBE+U). The structural, energetic, and electronic properties of the systems studied were examined for vertical and flattened configurations of Au{sub n} nanostructures adsorbed on the hematite surfaces. The flattened ones, which can be viewed as bilayer-like structures, were found energetically more favored than vertical ones. For both classes of structures the adsorption binding energy increases with the number of Au atoms in a structure. The adsorption of Au{sub n} induces charge rearrangement at the Au{sub n}/oxide contact which is reflected in work function changes. In most considered cases Au{sub n} adsorption increases the work function. A detailed analysis of the bonding electron charge is presented and the corresponding electron charge rearrangements at the contacts were quantified by a Bader charge analyses. The interaction of a CO molecule with the Au{sub n} nanostructures supported on α-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} (0001) and the oxide support was studied. It is found that the CO adsorption binding to the hematite supported Au{sub n} structures is more than twice as strong as to the bare hematite surface. Analysis of the Bader charges on the atoms showed that in each case CO binds to the most positively charged (cationic) atom of the Au{sub n} structure. Changes in the electronic structure of the Au{sub n} species and of the oxide support, and their consequences for the interactions with CO, are discussed.

  16. Radars routiers, étranges retombées technologiques de la recherche au CERN... - French version only

    CERN Multimedia

    Association du personnel

    2007-01-01

    Les lecteurs de la presse locale, les « cernois » en particulier, ont apprécié très modérément les titres des journaux locaux de la semaine dernière, relayés par les informations sur les radios publiques francophones en Suisse, France, Belgique et même… au Canada : « Des radars sur les routes du CERN !... »

  17. Quand l'indéfini négatif pouvait s'employer au pluriel. Les emplois de « aucun(es » au XIXe siècle

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Denizot Camille

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available L’étude porte sur l’existence paradoxale d’indéfinis négatifs au pluriel dans la langue du XIXe siècle. La situation du XIXe siècle atteste en effet d’un état de langue intermédiaire entre deux systèmes stables : celui de l’ancien français où aucun est un indéfini positif qui peut s’employer au singulier comme au pluriel, et celle du français contemporain où aucun est un indéfini négatif qui ne s’emploie plus qu’au singulier, tandis que le sens positif se survit seulement dans la forme de pronom pluriel d’aucuns. Au XIXe siècle, aucun est donc devenu globalement négatif tout en acceptant encore des emplois du pluriel. Si l’explication diachronique motive ce paradoxe, encore faut-il comprendre comment s’interprètent et se justifient ces pluriels pour des indéfinis de sens négatif, dans la synchronie du XIXe siècle. À travers cette étude de cas nous nous interrogeons sur la cohérence synchronique d’un système instable, au croisement de plusieurs évolutions diachroniques. Dans cette optique, nous tentons de comprendre comment se justifie le pluriel des indéfinis négatifs, et comment ces indéfinis pluriels, dont on conçoit mieux la justification a priori pour un sens positif, peuvent développer dans le même état de langue un sens positif et un sens négatif. Nous montrons ainsi que l’emploi du pluriel dans un grammème négatif ne se limite pas au phénomène de l’accord, même s’il tend à s’y cantonner progressivement, et que la coexistence d’un sens négatif et d’un sens positif pour le même grammème n’est pas source d’ambiguïté en synchronie : l’emploi vivant, négatif, vient concurrencer l’emploi positif, résiduel, uniquement dans les contextes à polarité positive et l’interprétation négative y est construite pragmatiquement.

  18. Measurements of mass-dependent azimuthal anisotropy in central p + Au, d + Au, and 3He + Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adare, A.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Akiba, Y.; Alfred, M.; Andrieux, V.; Apadula, N.; Asano, H.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bagoly, A.; Bai, M.; Bandara, N. S.; Bannier, B.; Barish, K. N.; Bathe, S.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beaumier, M.; Beckman, S.; Belmont, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Blau, D. S.; Boer, M.; Bok, J. S.; Boyle, K.; Brooks, M. L.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Bumazhnov, V.; Campbell, S.; Canoa Roman, V.; Cervantes, R.; Chen, C.-H.; Chi, C. Y.; Chiu, M.; Choi, I. J.; Choi, J. B.; Chujo, T.; Citron, Z.; Connors, M.; Cronin, N.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Danley, T. W.; Datta, A.; Daugherity, M. S.; David, G.; Deblasio, K.; Dehmelt, K.; Denisov, A.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dion, A.; Diss, P. B.; Dixit, D.; Do, J. H.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; Enokizono, A.; En'yo, H.; Esumi, S.; Fadem, B.; Fan, W.; Feege, N.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Fokin, S. L.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fukuda, Y.; Gal, C.; Gallus, P.; Garg, P.; Ge, H.; Giordano, F.; Glenn, A.; Goto, Y.; Grau, N.; Greene, S. V.; Grosse Perdekamp, M.; Gunji, T.; Guragain, H.; Hachiya, T.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamilton, H. F.; Han, S. Y.; Hanks, J.; Hasegawa, S.; Haseler, T. O. S.; Hashimoto, K.; He, X.; Hemmick, T. K.; Hill, J. C.; Hill, K.; Hodges, A.; Hollis, R. S.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Hoshino, T.; Hotvedt, N.; Huang, J.; Huang, S.; Imai, K.; Imrek, J.; Inaba, M.; Iordanova, A.; Isenhower, D.; Ivanishchev, D.; Jacak, B. V.; Jezghani, M.; Ji, Z.; Jia, J.; Jiang, X.; Johnson, B. M.; Jorjadze, V.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kanda, S.; Kang, J. H.; Kapukchyan, D.; Karthas, S.; Kawall, D.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Key, J. A.; Khachatryan, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kim, C.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E.-J.; Kim, G. W.; Kim, M.; Kim, M. H.; Kimelman, B.; Kincses, D.; Kistenev, E.; Kitamura, R.; Klatsky, J.; Kleinjan, D.; Kline, P.; Koblesky, T.; Komkov, B.; Kotov, D.; Kudo, S.; Kurgyis, B.; Kurita, K.; Kurosawa, M.; Kwon, Y.; Lacey, R.; Lajoie, J. G.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, S.; Lee, S. H.; Leitch, M. J.; Leung, Y. H.; Lewis, N. A.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Lim, S. H.; Liu, M. X.; Loggins, V.-R.; Lökös, S.; Lovasz, K.; Lynch, D.; Majoros, T.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Makek, M.; Manion, A.; Manko, V. I.; Mannel, E.; Masuda, H.; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; McGlinchey, D.; McKinney, C.; Meles, A.; Mendoza, M.; Metzger, W. J.; Mignerey, A. C.; Mihalik, D. E.; Milov, A.; Mishra, D. K.; Mitchell, J. T.; Mitsuka, G.; Miyasaka, S.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, A. K.; Montuenga, P.; Moon, T.; Morrison, D. P.; Morrow, S. I.; Moukhanova, T. V.; Murakami, T.; Murata, J.; Mwai, A.; Nagai, K.; Nagashima, K.; Nagashima, T.; Nagle, J. L.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakagomi, H.; Nakano, K.; Nattrass, C.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Niida, T.; Nishimura, S.; Nouicer, R.; Novák, T.; Novitzky, N.; Nyanin, A. S.; O'Brien, E.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Orjuela Koop, J. D.; Osborn, J. D.; Oskarsson, A.; Ottino, G. J.; Ozawa, K.; Pak, R.; Pantuev, V.; Papavassiliou, V.; Park, J. S.; Park, S.; Pate, S. F.; Patel, M.; Peng, J.-C.; Peng, W.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Perera, G. D. N.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Perezlara, C. E.; Perry, J.; Petti, R.; Phipps, M.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pinson, R.; Pisani, R. P.; Pun, A.; Purschke, M. L.; Radzevich, P. V.; Rak, J.; Ramson, B. J.; Ravinovich, I.; Read, K. F.; Reynolds, D.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Richford, D.; Rinn, T.; Rolnick, S. D.; Rosati, M.; Rowan, Z.; Rubin, J. G.; Runchey, J.; Safonov, A. S.; Sahlmueller, B.; Saito, N.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sako, H.; Samsonov, V.; Sarsour, M.; Sato, K.; Sato, S.; Schaefer, B.; Schmoll, B. K.; Sedgwick, K.; Seidl, R.; Sen, A.; Seto, R.; Sett, P.; Sexton, A.; Sharma, D.; Shein, I.; Shibata, T.-A.; Shigaki, K.; Shimomura, M.; Shioya, T.; Shukla, P.; Sickles, A.; Silva, C. L.; Silvermyr, D.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Skoby, M. J.; Slunečka, M.; Snowball, M.; Soltz, R. A.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sorensen, S. P.; Sourikova, I. V.; Stankus, P. W.; Stepanov, M.; Stoll, S. P.; Sugitate, T.; Sukhanov, A.; Sumita, T.; Sun, J.; Sziklai, J.; Takeda, A.; Taketani, A.; Tanida, K.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; Tarafdar, S.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnai, G.; Tieulent, R.; Timilsina, A.; Todoroki, T.; Tomášek, M.; Towell, C. L.; Towell, R.; Towell, R. S.; Tserruya, I.; Ueda, Y.; Ujvari, B.; van Hecke, H. W.; Vazquez-Carson, S.; Velkovska, J.; Virius, M.; Vrba, V.; Vukman, N.; Wang, X. R.; Wang, Z.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, Y. S.; Wei, F.; White, A. S.; Wong, C. P.; Woody, C. L.; Wysocki, M.; Xia, B.; Xu, C.; Xu, Q.; Xue, L.; Yalcin, S.; Yamaguchi, Y. L.; Yamamoto, H.; Yanovich, A.; Yin, P.; Yoo, J. H.; Yoon, I.; Yu, H.; Yushmanov, I. E.; Zajc, W. A.; Zelenski, A.; Zharko, S.; Zhou, S.; Zou, L.; Phenix Collaboration

    2018-06-01

    We present measurements of the transverse-momentum dependence of elliptic flow v2 for identified pions and (anti)protons at midrapidity (|η |<0.35 ), in 0%-5% central p +Au and 3He+Au collisions at √{sNN}=200 GeV. When taken together with previously published measurements in d +Au collisions at √{sNN}=200 GeV, the results cover a broad range of small-collision-system multiplicities and intrinsic initial geometries. We observe a clear mass-dependent splitting of v2(pT) in d +Au and 3He+Au collisions, just as in large nucleus-nucleus (A +A ) collisions, and a smaller splitting in p +Au collisions. Both hydrodynamic and transport model calculations successfully describe the data at low pT (<1.5 GeV /c ), but fail to describe various features at higher pT. In all systems, the v2 values follow an approximate quark-number scaling as a function of the hadron transverse kinetic energy per constituent quark (K ET/nq ), which was also seen previously in A +A collisions.

  19. Nucleon shadowing effects in Cu + Cu and Au + Au collisions at RHIC within the HIJING code

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abdel-Waged, Khaled; Felemban, Nuha

    2018-02-01

    The centrality dependence of pseudorapidity density of charged particles ({{{d}}{N}}{{ch}}/{{d}}η ) in Cu + Cu (Au + Au) collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider energy of \\sqrt{{s}{{NN}}}=22.4, 62.4 and 200 (19.6, 62.4 and 200) GeV, is investigated within an improved HIJING code. The standard HIJING model is enhanced by a prescription for collective nucleon-nucleon (NN) interactions and more modern parton distribution functions. The collective NN-interactions are used to induce both cascade and nucleon shadowing effects. We find collective cascade broadens the pseudorapidity distributions in the tails (at | η | > {y}{beam}) above 25%-30% collision centrality to be consistent with the {{{d}}{N}}{{ch}}/{{d}}η data at \\sqrt{{s}{{NN}}} =19.6,22.4,62.4 {GeV}. The overall contribution of nucleon shadowing is shown to depress the whole shape of {{{d}}{N}}{{ch}}/{{d}}η in the primary interaction region (at | η | data.

  20. Measurement of (n,2n) and (n,3n) cross-sections for incident energies between 6 and 15 MeV

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Frehaut, J.; Mosinski, G.

    1975-06-01

    Cross sections for the (n,2n) and (n,3n) reactions have been measured for several nuclides between 6 and 15 MeV using a large liquid scintillator to count the neutrons directly. Measurements were made relative to fission cross section of {sup 238}U for {sup 56}Fe, {sup 59}Co, {sup 76}Se, {sup 78}Se, {sup 80}Se, {sup 82}Se, {sup 89}Y, {sup 93}Nb, {sup 103}Rh, {sup 169}Tm, {sup 175}Lu, {sup 181}Ta, {sup 197}Au, {sup 209}Bi, {sup 238}U, and for the natural elements Ni, Pt and W. The relative accurary was generally in the range 5 to 10%. The present results are compared with previous measurements.

  1. The fundamental flaw of the HSAB principle is revealed by a complete speciation analysis of the [PtCl(6-n)Br(n)](2-) (n = 0-6) system.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gerber, W J; van Wyk, P-H; van Niekerk, D M E; Koch, K R

    2015-02-28

    Bjerrum's model of step-wise ligand exchange is extended to compute a complete speciation diagram for the [PtCl6-nBrn](2-) (n = 0-6) system including all 17 equilibrium constants concerning the Pt(IV) chlorido-bromido exchange reaction network (HERN). In contrast to what the hard soft acid base (HSAB) principle "predicts", the thermodynamic driving force for the replacement of chloride by bromide in an aqueous matrix, for each individual ligand exchange reaction present in the Pt(IV) HERN, is due to the difference in halide hydration energy and not bonding interactions present in the acid-base complex. A generalized thermodynamic test calculation was developed to illustrate that the HSAB classified class (b) metal cations Ag(+), Au(+), Au(3+), Rh(3+), Cd(2+), Pt(2+), Pt(4+), Fe(3+), Cd(2+), Sn(2+) and Zn(2+) all form thermodynamically stable halido complexes in the order F(-) ≫ Cl(-) > Br(-) > I(-) irrespective of the sample matrix. The bonding interactions in the acid-base complex, e.g. ionic-covalent σ-bonding, Π-bonding and electron correlation effects, play no actual role in the classification of these metal cations using the HSAB principle. Instead, it turns out that the hydration/solvation energy of halides is the reason why metal cations are categorized into two classes using the HSAB principle which highlights the fundamental flaw of the HSAB principle.

  2. Evolution of Serum 25OHD in Response to Vitamin D3-Fortified Yogurts Consumed by Healthy Menopausal Women: A 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing the Interactions between Doses, Baseline Vitamin D Status, and Seasonality.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bonjour, Jean-Philippe; Dontot-Payen, Flore; Rouy, Emilien; Walrand, Stephane; Rousseau, Brigitte

    2018-01-01

    Adequate vitamin D status contributes to bone fragility risk reduction and possibly other pathological conditions that occur with aging. In response to pharmaceutical vitamin D 3 supplements, several studies have documented the influence of doses, baseline status, and seasonality on serum 25-hydroyvitamin D (s25OHD). Using fortified yogurt, we investigated in one randomized controlled trial how both baseline status, as assessed by measuring s25OHD prior the onset of the trial, and the season of enrollment quantitatively influenced the response to the supplemented (Suppl.) of vitamin D 3 (VitD 3 ) in healthy community-dwelling women. A 24-week controlled trial was conducted in menopausal women (mean age: 61.5). Participants were randomized into 3 groups (Gr): Gr.Suppl.0, time controls maintaining dietary habits; Gr.Suppl.5 and Gr.Suppl.10 consuming one and two 125-g servings of VitD 3 -fortified yogurts with 5- and 10-µg daily doses, respectively. The 16 intervention weeks lasted from early January to mid-August, the 8 follow-up weeks, without product, from late August to mid-October. Before enrollment, subjects were randomized into 2 s25OHD strata: low stratum (LoStr): 25-50 nmol/L; high stratum (HiStr): >50-75 nmol/L. All enrolled participants adhered to the protocol throughout the 24-week study: Gr.Suppl.0 (n = 45), Gr.Suppl.5 (n = 44), and Gr.Suppl.10 (n = 44). Over the 16 intervention and 8 follow-up weeks, s25OHD increased in both supplemented groups, more in Gr.Suppl.10 than in Gr.Suppl.5. At the end of the intervention, the subject proportion with s25OHD ≥ 50 nmol/L was 37.8, 54.5, and 63.6% in Gr.Suppl.0, Gr.Suppl.5, and Gr.Suppl.10, respectively. The constant rate of s25OHD per supplemental VitD 3 microgram was greater in LoStr than HiStr. The s25OHD increase was greater with late (mid-March) than early (mid-January) inclusion. This randomized trial demonstrates (1) a dose-dependent s25OHD improvement related to fortified yogurt consumption; (2) an

  3. Effect of annealing temperature on electrical properties of Au/polyvinyl alcohol/n-InP Schottky barrier structure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Reddy, V. Rajagopal; Reddy, M. Siva Pratap; Kumar, A. Ashok; Choi, Chel-Jong

    2012-01-01

    In the present work, thin film of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is fabricated on n-type InP substrate as an interfacial layer for electronic modification of Au/n-InP Schottky contact. The electrical characteristics of Au/PVA/n-InP Schottky diode are determined at annealing temperature in the range of 100–300 °C by current–voltage (I-V) and capacitance–voltage (C-V) methods. The Schottky barrier height and ideality factor (n) values of the as-deposited Au/PVA/n-InP diode are obtained at room temperature as 0.66 eV (I-V), 0.82 eV (C-V) and 1.32, respectively. Upon annealing at 200 °C in nitrogen atmosphere for 1 min, the barrier height value increases to 0.81 eV (I-V), 0.99 eV (C-V) and ideality factor decreases to 1.18. When the contact is annealed at 300 °C, the barrier height value decreases to 0.77 eV (I-V), 0.96 eV (C-V) and ideality factor increases to 1.22. It is observed that the interfacial layer of PVA increases the barrier height by the influence of the space charge region of the Au/n-InP Schottky junction. The discrepancy between Schottky barrier heights calculated from I-V and C-V measurements is also explained. Further, Cheung's functions are used to extract the series resistance of Au/PVA/n-InP Schottky diode. The interface state density as determined by Terman's method is found to be 1.04 × 10 12 and 0.59 × 10 12 cm −2 eV −1 for the as-deposited and 200 °C annealed Au/PVA/n-InP Schottky diodes. Finally, it is seen that the Schottky diode parameters changed with increase in the annealing temperature. - Highlights: ► Electrical properties of Au/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/n-InP structure have been studied. ► The Au/PVA/n-InP Schottky structure showed a good rectifying behavior. ► A maximum barrier height is obtained when the contact is annealed at 200 °C. ► Interface state density found to be 0.59 × 10 12 cm −2 eV −1 for 200 °C annealed contact. ► Significant effect of interface state density and series resistance on electrical

  4. Evolution of Serum 25OHD in Response to Vitamin D3–Fortified Yogurts Consumed by Healthy Menopausal Women: A 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing the Interactions between Doses, Baseline Vitamin D Status, and Seasonality

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bonjour, Jean-Philippe; Dontot-Payen, Flore; Rouy, Emilien; Walrand, Stephane; Rousseau, Brigitte

    2018-01-01

    ABSTRACT Background: Adequate vitamin D status contributes to bone fragility risk reduction and possibly other pathological conditions that occur with aging. In response to pharmaceutical vitamin D3 supplements, several studies have documented the influence of doses, baseline status, and seasonality on serum 25-hydroyvitamin D (s25OHD). Objective: Using fortified yogurt, we investigated in one randomized controlled trial how both baseline status, as assessed by measuring s25OHD prior the onset of the trial, and the season of enrollment quantitatively influenced the response to the supplemented (Suppl.) of vitamin D3 (VitD3) in healthy community-dwelling women. Methods: A 24-week controlled trial was conducted in menopausal women (mean age: 61.5). Participants were randomized into 3 groups (Gr): Gr.Suppl.0, time controls maintaining dietary habits; Gr.Suppl.5 and Gr.Suppl.10 consuming one and two 125-g servings of VitD3-fortified yogurts with 5- and 10-µg daily doses, respectively. The 16 intervention weeks lasted from early January to mid-August, the 8 follow-up weeks, without product, from late August to mid-October. Before enrollment, subjects were randomized into 2 s25OHD strata: low stratum (LoStr): 25–50 nmol/L; high stratum (HiStr): >50–75 nmol/L. Results: All enrolled participants adhered to the protocol throughout the 24-week study: Gr.Suppl.0 (n = 45), Gr.Suppl.5 (n = 44), and Gr.Suppl.10 (n = 44). Over the 16 intervention and 8 follow-up weeks, s25OHD increased in both supplemented groups, more in Gr.Suppl.10 than in Gr.Suppl.5. At the end of the intervention, the subject proportion with s25OHD ≥ 50 nmol/L was 37.8, 54.5, and 63.6% in Gr.Suppl.0, Gr.Suppl.5, and Gr.Suppl.10, respectively. The constant rate of s25OHD per supplemental VitD3 microgram was greater in LoStr than HiStr. The s25OHD increase was greater with late (mid-March) than early (mid-January) inclusion. Conclusion: This randomized trial demonstrates (1) a dose-dependent s25OHD

  5. Improved appetite of pregnant rats and increased birth weight and ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Deux espèces probiotiques, le lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 et le Lactobacillus fermentumRC 14 ont été administé séparément comme supplément dans l\\'eau potable aux rats étudiés pendant 30 jours. La ration et le poids à la naissance des chiots ont été mesuré. Une amélioration significative d\\'appetit des rats dont le ...

  6. In situ STM imaging of the structures of pentacene molecules adsorbed on Au(111).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pong, Ifan; Yau, Shuehlin; Huang, Peng-Yi; Chen, Ming-Chou; Hu, Tarng-Shiang; Yang, Yawchia; Lee, Yuh-Lang

    2009-09-01

    In situ scanning tunneling microscope (STM) was used to examine the spatial structures of pentacene molecules adsorbed onto a Au(111) single-crystal electrode from a benzene dosing solution containing 16-400 microM pentacene. Molecular-resolution STM imaging conducted in 0.1 M HClO(4) revealed highly ordered pentacene structures of ( radical31 x radical31)R8.9 degrees , (3 x 10), ( radical31 x 10), and ( radical7 x 2 radical7)R19.1 degrees adsorbed on the reconstructed Au(111) electrode dosed with different pentacene solutions. These pentacene structures and the reconstructed Au(111) substrate were stable between 0.2 and 0.8 V [vs reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE]. Increasing the potential to E > 0.8 V lifted the reconstructed Au(111) surface and disrupted the ordered pentacene adlattices simultaneously. Ordered pentacene structures could be restored by applying potentials negative enough to reinforce the reconstructed Au(111). At potentials negative of 0.2 V, the adsorption of protons became increasingly important to displace adsorbed pentacene admolecules. Although the reconstructed Au(111) structure was not essential to produce ordered pentacene adlayers, it seemed to help the adsorption of pentacene molecules in a long-range ordered pattern. At room temperature (25 degrees C), approximately 100 pentacene molecules seen in STM images could rotate and align themselves to a neighboring domain in 10 s, suggesting that pentacene admolecules could be mobile on Au(111) under the STM imaging conditions of -150 mV in bias voltage and 1 nA in feedback current.

  7. Pseudorapidity dependence of charged hadron transverse momentum spectra in d+Au collisions at √(sNN )=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Becker, B.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; Gburek, T.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Harrington, A. S.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Khan, N.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lee, J. W.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sedykh, I.; Skulski, W.; Smith, C. E.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S.; Sukhanov, A.; Tonjes, M. B.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Wolfs, F. L.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wysłouch, B.; Zhang, J.

    2004-12-01

    We have measured the transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons in d+Au collisions at √(sNN )=200 GeV in the range of 0.5< pT <4.0 GeV/c . The total range of pseudorapidity, η , is 0.2<η<1.4 , where positive η is in the deuteron direction. The data has been divided into three regions of pseudorapidity, covering 0.2<η<0.6 , 0.6<η<1.0 , and 1.0<η<1.4 , and has been compared to charged hadron spectra from p+ p¯ collisions at the same energy. There is a significant change in the spectral shape as a function of pseudorapidity. As η increases we see a decrease in the nuclear modification factor RdAu .

  8. Impedimetric Aptasensor for Ochratoxin A Determination Based on Au Nanoparticles Stabilized with Hyper-Branched Polymer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gennady Evtugyn

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available An impedimetric aptasensor for ochratoxin A (OTA detection has been developed on the base of a gold electrode covered with a new modifier consisting of electropolymerized Neutral Red and a mixture of Au nanoparticles suspended in the dendrimeric polymer Botlorn H30®. Thiolated aptamer specific to OTA was covalently attached to Au nanoparticles via Au-S bonding. The interaction of the aptamer with OTA induced the conformational switch of the aptamer from linear to guanine quadruplex form followed by consolidation of the surface layer and an increase of the charge transfer resistance. The aptasensor makes it possible to detect from 0.1 to 100 nM of OTA (limit of detection: 0.02 nM in the presence of at least 50 fold excess of ochratoxin B. The applicability of the aptasensor for real sample assay was confirmed by testing spiked beer samples. The recovery of 2 nM OTA was found to be 70% for light beer and 78% for dark beer.

  9. Reconocimiento facial de emociones básicas y su Relación con la teoría de la mente en la variante conductual de la demencia frontotemporal

    OpenAIRE

    María Eugenia Tabernero; Daniel Gustavo Politis

    2016-01-01

    Las emociones básicas están biológicamente determinadas y ligadas a conductas fundamenta- les para la supervivencia. Las emociones secun- darias son aquellas que para su reconocimiento, requieren la elaboración cognitiva de un contexto social, por lo tanto, de la Teoría de la Mente (TdM). La TdM fue definida como la habilidad de conceptualizar estados mentales de otros indi- viduos para explicar y predecir gran parte de su comportamiento. No es un concepto unitar...

  10. Investigation of temperature dependent barrier height of Au/ZnO/Si schottky diodes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Asghar, M.; Mahmood, K.; Rabia, S.; BM, S.; Shahid, M. Y.; Hasan, M. A.

    2013-01-01

    In this study, temperature dependent current-voltage (I-V) measurements have been performed to investigate the inhomogeneity in the temperature dependent barrier heights of Au/ZnO/Si Schottky barrier diode in the temperature range 150 - 400K. The room temperature values for ideality factor and barrier height were found to be 2.9 and 0.60 eV respectively indicating the inhomogenity in the barrier heights of grown samples. The Richardson plot and ideality factor verses barrier height graph were also drawn to verified the discontinuity between Au and ZnO. This barrier height inhomogenity was explained by applying Gaussian distribution model. The extrapolation of the linear Fap (n) plot to n= 1 has given a homogeneous barrier height of approximately 1.1 eV. Fap versus 1/T plot was drawn to obtain the values of mean barrier height for Au/ZnO/Si Schottky diode (1.1 eV) and standard deviation(ds) (0.02 V) at zero bais. (author)

  11. Investigation of temperature dependent barrier height of Au/ZnO/Si schottky diodes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Asghar, M; Mahmood, K; Rabia, S; M, Samaa B; Shahid, M Y; Hasan, M A

    2014-01-01

    In this study, temperature dependent current-voltage (I-V) measurements have been performed to investigate the inhomogeneity in the temperature dependent barrier heights of Au/ZnO/Si Schottky barrier diode in the temperature range 150 – 400K. The room temperature values for ideality factor and barrier height were found to be 2.9 and 0.60 eV respectively indicating the inhomogenity in the barrier heights of grown samples. The Richardson plot and ideality factor verses barrier height graph were also drawn to verified the discontinuity between Au and ZnO. This barrier height inhomogenity was explained by applying Gaussian distribution model. The extrapolation of the linear Φ ap (n) plot to n= 1 has given a homogeneous barrier height of approximately 1.1 eV. Φ ap versus 1/T plot was drawn to obtain the values of mean barrier height for Au/ZnO/Si Schottky diode (1.1 eV) and standard deviation(δ s ) (0.02 V) at zero bais

  12. Bibliographie

    OpenAIRE

    2015-01-01

    Abirached (R.), 1992, Le théâtre et le prince : 1981-1991, Paris, Plon. Abirached (R.) dir., 1994, La décentralisation théâtrale, t. III : 1968 : Le tournant, Actes-Sud-Papiers, Cahiers n° 8. Abirached (R.), 1999, « Le théâtre service public, les avatars d’une notion », L’Observatoire, Bulletin de l’Observatoire des politiques culturelles, supplément n° 17, printemps. ADU (Agence de développement et d’urbanisme), 1991, étudiants de Lille 3, Nouvelles villes internationales : profil et planifi...

  13. Modified Au nanoparticles-imprinted sol-gel, multiwall carbon nanotubes pencil graphite electrode used as a sensor for ranitidine determination.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rezaei, B; Lotfi-Forushani, H; Ensafi, A A

    2014-04-01

    A new, simple, and disposable molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the determination of ranitidine was developed on pencil graphite electrode (PGE) via cyclic voltammetry (CV). The PGEs were coated with MWCNTs containing the carboxylic functional group (f-MWCNTs), imprinted with sol-gel and Au nanoparticle (AuNPs) layers (AuNP/MIP-sol-gel/f-MWCNT/PGE), respectively, to enhance the electrode's electrical transmission and sensitivity. The thin film of molecularly imprinted sol-gel polymers with specific binding sites for ranitidine was cast on modified PGE by electrochemical deposition. The AuNP/MIP-sol-gel/f-MWCNT/PGE thus developed was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and CV. The interaction between the imprinted sensor and the target molecule was also observed on the electrode by measuring the current response of 5.0mMK3[Fe(CN)6] solution as an electrochemical probe. The pick currents of ranitidine increased linearly with concentration in the ranges of 0.05 to 2.0μM, with a detection limit of (S/N=3) 0.02μM. Finally, the modified electrode was successfully employed to determine ranitidine in human urine samples. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  14. MENADŽMENT LJUDSKIH POTENCIJALA U VELIKIM HRVATSKIM PODUZEĆIMA

    OpenAIRE

    Pološki Vokić, Nina

    2004-01-01

    Budući da je menadžment ljudskih potencijala osnovica za ostvarivanje konkurentskih prednosti uz pomoć ljudi i zato što je značajno povezan s uspješnošću organizacija, u radu se nastojala istražiti važnost i razvijenost te funkcije u velikim hrvatskim poduzećima. U radu su postavljene dvije hipoteze: (1) da hrvatska poduzeća nemaju razvijenu praksu MLJP (menadžment ljudskih potencijala) i (2) da postoje aktivnosti MLJP, provođenje kojih je značajno povezano s općom uspješnošću poduzeća; obje ...

  15. O Behaviorismo Radical como filosofia da mente Radical Behaviorism as philosophy of mind

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Eduardo Lopes

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available O Behaviorismo Radical de B. F. Skinner é constantemente acusado de eliminar a mente de sua explicação do comportamento humano. Uma análise do livro The Concept of Mind, de Gilbert Ryle, sugere a possibilidade de defender a existência de uma mente relacional, diferente da categoria de existência da mente defendida em interpretações cartesianas (mente substancial. A análise de alguns textos de Skinner sugere que o conceito de uma mente relacional também pode ser defendido no Behaviorismo Radical. Esse fato, culminaria na possibilidade de que, além de filosofia da Ciência do Comportamento, o Behaviorismo Radical, também pode ser uma filosofia da mente, o que traria conseqüências ao estudo e à aplicação da Análise do Comportamento.B. F. Skinner's Radical Behaviorism has been repeatedly accused of eliminating the mind from its explanation of human behavior. An analysis of Gilbert Ryle's book, The Concept of Mind, suggests the possibility of defending the existence of a relational mind, different from the category of existence of mind defended in Cartesian interpretations (substantial mind. The analysis of some texts of Skinner suggests that the concept of a relational mind can also be defended in Radical Behaviorism. This fact would lead to the possibility that, beyond a philosophy of Behavior Science, Radical Behaviorism may also be a philosophy of mind, which would bring consequences to the study and application of Analysis of Behavior.

  16. Temperature dependent diffusion and epitaxial behavior of oxidized Au/Ni/p-GaN ohmic contact

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hu, C.Y.; Qin, Z.X.; Feng, Z.X.; Chen, Z.Z.; Ding, Z.B.; Yang, Z.J.; Yu, T.J.; Hu, X.D.; Yao, S.D.; Zhang, G.Y.

    2006-01-01

    The temperature dependent diffusion and epitaxial behavior of oxidized Au/Ni/p-GaN ohmic contact were studied with Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy/channeling (RBS/C) and synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD). It is found that the Au diffuses to the surface of p-GaN to form an epitaxial structure on p-GaN after annealing at 450 deg. C. At the same time, the O diffuses to the metal-semiconductor interface and forms NiO. Both of them are suggested to be responsible for the sharp decrease in the specific contact resistance (ρ c ) at 450 deg. C. At 500 deg. C, the epitaxial structure of Au develops further and the O also diffuses deeper into the interface. As a result, the ρ c reaches the lowest value at this temperature. However, when annealing temperature reaches 600 deg. C, part or all of the interfacial NiO is detached from the p-GaN and diffuses out, which cause the ρ c to increase greatly

  17. Gerald M. Edelman y su antropología neurológica. Presentación y discusión de su teoría de la mente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Javier Monserrat

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available La pregunta esencial de la antropología (cuál es el origen y naturaleza del ser humano no puede hoy responderse sin la aportación de la neurología: de ahí que hablemos de antropología neurológica. Gerald Edelman ha sido en los últimos años un autor de referencia incuestionable, cuya aportación es presentada y discutida en el presente artículo. Primero su marco epistemológico. Después su darwinismo neural, desde cuya perpectiva se defiende la lógica selectiva de la evolución biológica frente a la lógica instruccional de la computación, bien serial o conexionista. La emergencia evolutiva de la memoria (el remembered present es la base para explicar la formación de la conciencia primaria, de la de orden superior y de la mente. Por último, abordamos la presentación de la teoría del núcleo dinámico y su explicación de la fenomenología de la conciencia. La discusión de la teoría de Edelman considera algunos aspectos y lagunas de la historia evolutiva, así como también la insuficiencia argumentativa sobre la especificación del psiquismo animal y las causas de la emergencia de la razón.

  18. Observation of Au + AuAu + Au + ρ0 and Au + AuAu* + Au* + ρ0 with STAR

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Spencer, K.

    2002-01-01

    First observation of the reactions Au + AuAu + Au + ρ 0 and Au + AuAu* + Au* + ρ 0 with the STAR detector are reported. The ρ are produced at small perpendicular momentum, as expected if they couple coherently to both nuclei. Models of vector meson production and the correlation with nuclear breakup are discussed, as well as a fundamental test of quantum mechanics that is possible with the system. (author)

  19. Energy dependence of acceptance-corrected dielectron excess mass spectrum at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at sNN=19.6 and 200 GeV

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L. Adamczyk

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available The acceptance-corrected dielectron excess mass spectra, where the known hadronic sources have been subtracted from the inclusive dielectron mass spectra, are reported for the first time at mid-rapidity |yee|<1 in minimum-bias Au+Au collisions at sNN=19.6 and 200 GeV. The excess mass spectra are consistently described by a model calculation with a broadened ρ spectral function for Mee<1.1 GeV/c2. The integrated dielectron excess yield at sNN=19.6 GeV for 0.4Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV is longer than those in peripheral collisions and at lower energies.

  20. Nutritional status, feeding practices and state of other related ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    tion beyond the provision of food or nutritional supple- ments8. .... ed intervention and control areas at onset of the program ... ed scores for height for age, weight for age and weight ... council is the most populated. ..... BMC pediatrics,. 2013.

  1. Electrochemical Properties of the LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Cathode Material Modified by Lithium Tungstate under High Voltage.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fu, Jiale; Mu, Daobin; Wu, Borong; Bi, Jiaying; Cui, Hui; Yang, Hao; Wu, Hanfeng; Wu, Feng

    2018-05-31

    An amount (5 wt %) of lithium tungstate (Li 2 WO 4 ) as an additive significantly improves the cycle and rate performances of the LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 electrode at the cutoff voltage of 4.6 V. The 5 wt % Li 2 WO 4 -mixed LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 electrode delivers a reversible capacity of 199.2 mA h g -1 and keeps 73.1% capacity for 200 cycles at 1 C. It retains 67.4% capacity after 200 cycles at 2 C and delivers a discharge capacity of 167.3 mA h g -1 at 10 C, while those of the pristine electrode are only 44.7% and 87.5 mA h g -1 , respectively. It is shown that the structure of the LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 cathode material is not affected by mixing Li 2 WO 4 . The introduced Li 2 WO 4 effectively restrains the LiPF 6 and carbonate solvent decomposition by consuming PF 5 at high cutoff voltage, forming a stable cathode/electrolyte interface film with low resistance.

  2. Mente, cerebro y educación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Emilio SÁNCHEZ MIGUEL

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available En estas páginas se revisa el tipo de aportación que el desarrollo más reciente de las neurociencias ha hecho al estudio de la cognición y de la educación. Para ello, se considera la contribución de la neurociencia al estudio de (a los procesos cognitivos implicados en el aprendizaje, (b de la interacción entre ayudas y aprendizaje y (c de los logros del aprendizaje, contraponiendo en todos los casos los hallazgos obtenidos a través de medidas conductuales y las que proceden del registro de la actividad cerebral de seis líneas de investigación diferentes. En la segunda parte se analizan las consecuencias que pudieran tener esos conocimientos sobre la acción educativa.

  3. Stress-Strain Analysis in TiN Nanocoating Deposited on Polymer with respect to Au Nanointerlayer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Magdalena Kopernik

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The multiscale analysis in the authors’ finite element code confirmed possibility of fracture, because of not sufficiently high level of compressive residual stress in the TiN deposited by physical deposition method and varied mechanical properties of the thin film and substrate. The residual stress cannot be identified by X-ray technique for amorphous polymer and layer with domains of crystalline TiN. It is assumed that the buffer biocompatible thin film of Au in the TiN/Bionate II material system will alter the evolution of residual stress and, therefore, will allow to determine the residual stress in profilometry studies, and helps to improve toughness of the connection between TiN and Bionate II. The introduction of Au nanocoating in the material system results in bending of the sample and a compressive residual stress in the TiN coating. Results of finite element simulation show improvement of connection between the polymer and TiN, and an increase of compressive residual stress in the coating by introduction of Au nanointerlayer results in reduction of stress and strain in the substrate (close to the boundary between substrate and coating.

  4. Investigation of series resistance and surface states in Au/n - GaP structures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kiymaz, A.; Onal, B.; Ozer, M.; Acar, S.

    2009-01-01

    The variation in series resistance and surface state density of Au/n - GaP Schottky diodes have been systematically investigated at room temperature by using capacitance-voltage C-V and conductance-voltage G/w-V measurements techniques. The C-V and G/w-V characteristics of these devices were investigated by considering series resistance effects in a wide frequency range. It is shown that the capacitance of the Au/n - GaP Schottky diode decreases with increasing frequency. It is assumed that the surface states were responsible for this behaviour. The distribution profile of Rs-V gives a peak in the depletion region at low frequencies and disappears with increasing frequencies

  5. Report of TOF for 900 MeV/n Au ions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Crawford, H J; Flores, I; Lindstrom, P J; Krebs, G

    1986-04-15

    We describe a measurement of the time of flight over an 18.5 m path of 900 MeV/n Au ions from the LBL Bevalac. We used two small scintillators viewed by XP2972 photomultiplier tubes without any light guides. The large light output allowed us to attain a resolution of 58 ps in the flight time and an energy resolution of 3 MeV/n. The system is being used in energy loss and machine performance studies.

  6. Veneno para la mente: La participación de los especialistas en salud mental en la campaña anti-cómic estadounidense (1940-1960)

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández Sarasola, Ignacio

    2016-01-01

    Entre 1940 y 1960 se desarrolló en Estados Unidos una intensa campaña anti-cómic impulsada por ciudadanos que consideraban que aquellas revistas no solo suponían una mala influencia para sus niños, sino que eran responsables de un incremento en la delincuencia juvenil. Un punto de inflexión se produjo en el momento en que psiquiatras y psicólogos se incorporaron a la citada campaña. Su líder fue Fredric Wertham, un psiquiatra de origen germano que acusó a los cómics de dañar la mente de los n...

  7. Shape of collective flow in highly central Au(150 A MeV)+Au collisions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roy, C.; Kuhn, C.; Coffin, J.P.; Crochet, P.; Fintz, P.; Guillaume, G.; Jundt, F.; Maazouzi, C.; Rami, F.; Tizniti, L.; Wagner, P.; Alard, J.P.; Amouroux, V.; Basrak, Z.; Bastid, N.; Belyaev, I.; Best, D.; Biegansky, J.; Buta, A.; Caplar, R.; Cindro, N.; Dona, R.; Dupieux, P.; Dzelalija, M.; Fan, Z.G.; Fodor, Z.; Fraysse, L.; Gobbi, A.; Herrmann, N.; Hildenbrand, K.D.; Hoelbling, S.; Hong, B.; Jeong, S.C.; Kecskemeti, J.; Kirejczyk, M.; Koncz, P.; Korchagin, Y.; Kotte, R.; Lebedev, A.; Legrand, I.; Leifels, Y.; Manko, V.; Mgebrishvili, G.; Moisa, D.; Moesner, J.; Neubert, W.; Pelte, D.; Petrovici, M.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pras, P.; Reisdorf, W.; Ritman, J.L.; Sadchikov, A.G.; Schuell, D.; Seres, Z.; Sikora, B.; Simion, V.; Smolyankin, V.; Sodan, U.; Trzaska, M.; Vasiliev, M.; Wang, G.S.; Wessels, J.P.; Wienold, T.; Wohlfarth, D.; Zhilin, A.; Konopka, J.; Stoecker, H.

    1997-01-01

    Using the FOPI facility at GSI, charged particles (1≤Z≤6) produced in the Au(150 A MeV)+Au reaction have been measured at laboratory angles 1.2 0 lab 0 . Highly central collisions have been selected with two criteria, both dealing with the longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom of the reaction. The relevance of this selection method is supported by QMD calculations which indicate that such criteria are able to select mean impact parameters less than 2 fm. Bias effects introduced by the criteria have been evaluated. The centre-of-mass polar angle distributions of low energy clusters emitted in these central collisions, have been extracted: the intensity ratio deduced for a transverse to longitudinal emission is found to be R=1.4 +0.2 -0.4 . Model comparisons using QMD are presented. The value of R appears to depend sensitively on the nucleon-nucleon cross section, σ nn . Within this model, a value of σ nn =25±5 mb is derived. (orig.). With 2 figs

  8. Mente, cultura y teoría: aproximaciones a la psicología del arte

    OpenAIRE

    Pazos-López, Ángel

    2014-01-01

    El presente artículo es una revisión crítica de las relaciones entre la Historia del Arte y el campo de la Psicología, acotándose el territorio que se ha denominado "Psicología del Arte", dedicado al estudio del arte como producto de la mente humana desde la visión del creador, el receptor y el objeto artístico. El estudio de las ideas que están detrás de las producciones artísticas, o de la sociedad que las descifra y conserva, ha pasado por distintas etapas de desarrollo desde finales del s...

  9. Mente, cultura y teoría: aproximaciones a la Psicología del Arte

    OpenAIRE

    Pazos-López, Ángel

    2014-01-01

    El presente artículo es una revisión crítica de las relaciones entre la Historia del Arte y el campo de la Psicología, acotándose el territorio que se ha denominado "Psicología del Arte", dedicado al estudio del arte como producto de la mente humana desde la visión del creador, el receptor y el objeto artístico. El estudio de las ideas que están detrás de las producciones artísticas, o de la sociedad que las descifra y conserva, ha pasado por distintas etapas de desarrollo desde finales del s...

  10. Preparation, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Frontier MO Study of the Heteronuclear Luminescent [Pt(2)Au(2)(dmb)(2)(PPh(3))(4)](PF(6))(2) Cluster (dmb = 1,8-Diisocyano-p-menthane). A Cluster with a Formal Au(0)-Au(0) Bond Encapsulated inside a "Pt(2)(dmb)(2)(2+) " Fragment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Tianle; Drouin, Marc; Harvey, Pierre D.

    1999-11-01

    The title compound is prepared from the direct reaction of Pt(2)(dba)(3) (dba = dibenzylideneacetone) and [Au(PPh(3))(2)](PF(6)) in the presence of 1,8-diisocyano-p-methane (dmb), with Pt(2)(dmb)(2)Cl(2), [Pt(4)(dmb)(4)(PPh(3))(2)](PF(6))(2), and (PPh(3))AuCl being formed as parallel products. X-ray crystallography reveals the presence of a quasi-linear PPh(3)Au-AuPPh(3) fragment encapsulated inside a "Pt(2)(dmb)(2)(2+)" ring which is axially coordinated with two PPh(3) ligands. The d(AuAu) is 2.5977(6) Å and is indicative of a strong Au-Au single bond. The IR nu(CN) data reveal that the Pt oxidation state is I, which places the Au oxidation state at 0. The PtAu distances are 2.8422(5) and 2.8082(5) Å. The Raman-active nu(Au(2)), nu(PtAu) (b(2g) + a(g)), nu(PtP), nu(AuP), and nu(PtC) are found at 121.2, approximately 100, 85.5, 162.1, 183.1, and 457.2, and 440.9 cm(-)(1), respectively. The PtAu (0.67 mdyn Å(-)(1)) and Au(2) (1.21 mdyn Å(-)(1)) force constants (F) confirm the presence of medium PtAu and strong Au(2) bonding interactions. The absorption spectra are characterized by strong bands at lambda(max) (epsilon, M(-1) cm(-1)) at 316 (32 300), 366 (37 800), and 418 nm (21 500) and lower intensity features at 516 (2860) and 655 nm (834). The cluster is luminescent at low temperatures (solid and frozen glasses), and in the solid state at room temperature, and exhibits an emission band at approximately 875 nm, and an emission lifetime, tau(e), of 4.4 +/- 0.4 ns (solvent = butyronitrile, T = 77 K).

  11. Joint Force Quarterly. Issue 51, 4th Quarter, October 2008

    Science.gov (United States)

    2008-10-01

    and Japanese forces to conduct operations in the event of a WMD attack, to include consequence management operations. Recent activities have...strategic challenges. As a supple- ment, we hosted regular professional devel- opment activities, such as Friday afternoon cinema presentations where a

  12. Centrality and Transverse Momentum Dependence of Elliptic Flow of Multistrange Hadrons and ϕ Meson in Au +Au Collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Averichev, G. S.; Bairathi, V.; Banerjee, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandin, A. V.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Cervantes, M. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, C. M.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Z.; Filip, P.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Greiner, L.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A.; Hamed, A.; Haque, R.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Hofman, D. J.; Horvat, S.; Huang, X.; Huang, B.; Huang, H. Z.; Huck, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jang, H.; Jiang, K.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z. H.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kochenda, L.; Koetke, D. D.; Kollegger, T.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulakov, I.; Kumar, L.; Kycia, R. A.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, Z. M.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Li, C.; Li, Y.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, X.; Ma, Y. G.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Manion, A.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; McDonald, D.; Meehan, K.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Nogach, L. V.; Noh, S. Y.; Novak, J.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V.; Olvitt, D.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pan, Y. X.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Peterson, A.; Pile, P.; Planinic, M.; Pluta, J.; Poljak, N.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Ray, R. L.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Roy, A.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Sarkar, A.; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Seger, J.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, B.; Sharma, M. K.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singha, S.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, D.; Smirnov, N.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stepanov, M.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, X.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, Y.; Sun, Z.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, N.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vandenbroucke, M.; Varma, R.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vertesi, R.; Videbæk, F.; Viyogi, Y. P.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, Y.; Wang, G.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, H.; Wang, Y.; Wang, F.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y. F.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, W.; Xin, K.; Xu, N.; Xu, Z.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, H.; Yang, Q.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Yang, S.; Yang, C.; Ye, Z.; Yepes, P.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhu, X.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2016-02-01

    We present high precision measurements of elliptic flow near midrapidity (|y |<1.0 ) for multistrange hadrons and ϕ meson as a function of centrality and transverse momentum in Au +Au collisions at center of mass energy √{sN N}=200 GeV . We observe that the transverse momentum dependence of ϕ and Ω v2 is similar to that of π and p , respectively, which may indicate that the heavier strange quark flows as strongly as the lighter up and down quarks. This observation constitutes a clear piece of evidence for the development of partonic collectivity in heavy-ion collisions at the top RHIC energy. Number of constituent quark scaling is found to hold within statistical uncertainty for both 0%-30% and 30%-80% collision centrality. There is an indication of the breakdown of previously observed mass ordering between ϕ and proton v2 at low transverse momentum in the 0%-30% centrality range, possibly indicating late hadronic interactions affecting the proton v2.

  13. Energy dependence of acceptance-corrected dielectron excess mass spectrum at mid-rapidity in Au +Au collisions at √{sNN} = 19.6 and 200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Alford, J.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Averichev, G. S.; Banerjee, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandin, A. V.; Bunzarov, I.; Burton, T. P.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calder'on de la Barca S'anchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Cervantes, M. C.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, C. M.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng; Filip, P.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Greiner, L.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A.; Hamed, A.; Haque, R.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Hofman, D. J.; Horvat, S.; Huang, H. Z.; Huang, X.; Huang, B.; Huck, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jang, H.; Jiang, K.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z. H.; Kikola, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Klein, S. R.; Koetke, D. D.; Kollegger, T.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kotchenda, L.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulakov, I.; Kumar, L.; Kycia, R. A.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Li, W.; Li, Z. M.; Li, Y.; Li, C.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, X.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Manion, A.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; McDonald, D.; Meehan, K.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Nogach, L. V.; Noh, S. Y.; Novak, J.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V.; Olvitt, D. L.; Page, B. S.; Pan, Y. X.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlak, T.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Peterson, A.; Pile, P.; Planinic, M.; Pluta, J.; Poljak, N.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Ray, R. L.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Roy, A.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sandacz, A.; Sandweiss, J.; Sarkar, A.; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Seger, J.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, M. K.; Sharma, B.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, N.; Smirnov, D.; Solanki, D.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B. J.; Sun, Y.; Sun, Z.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, X.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Szelezniak, M. A.; Takahashi, J.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A. N.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vandenbroucke, M.; Varma, R.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vertesi, R.; Videbaek, F.; Viyogi, Y. P.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, Y.; Wang, F.; Wang, H.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, G.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y. F.; Xiao, Z.; Xie, W.; Xin, K.; Xu, Z.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, N.; Xu, H.; Xu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Yang, C.; Yang, S.; Yang, Q.; Yang, Y.; Ye, Z.; Yepes, P.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, J. L.; Zhao, F.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhu, X.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.; Zyzak, M.

    2015-11-01

    The acceptance-corrected dielectron excess mass spectra, where the known hadronic sources have been subtracted from the inclusive dielectron mass spectra, are reported for the first time at mid-rapidity |yee | < 1 in minimum-bias Au +Au collisions at √{sNN} = 19.6 and 200 GeV. The excess mass spectra are consistently described by a model calculation with a broadened ρ spectral function for Mee < 1.1 GeV /c2. The integrated dielectron excess yield at √{sNN} = 19.6 GeV for 0.4 Au +Au collisions at √{sNN} = 200 GeV is longer than those in peripheral collisions and at lower energies.

  14. Report of TOF for 900 MeV/n Au ions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Crawford, H.J.; Flores, I.; Lindstrom, P.J.; Krebs, G.

    1986-01-01

    We describe a measurement of the time of flight over an 18.5 m path of 900 MeV/n Au ions from the LBL Bevalac. We used two small scintillators viewed by XP2972 photomultiplier tubes without any light guides. The large light output allowed us to attain a resolution of 58 ps in the flight time and an energy resolution of 3 MeV/n. The system is being used in energy loss and machine performance studies. (orig.)

  15. Report of TOF for 900 MeV/n Au ions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Crawford, H J; Flores, I; Lindstrom, P J; Krebs, G

    1986-04-15

    We describe a measurement of the time of flight over an 18.5 m path of 900 MeV/n Au ions from the LBL Bevalac. We used two small scintillators viewed by XP2972 photomultiplier tubes without any light guides. The large light output allowed us to attain a resolution of 58 ps in the flight time and an energy resolution of 3 MeV/n. The system is being used in energy loss and machine performance studies. (orig.).

  16. Covalently linked multimers of gold nanoclusters Au102(p-MBA)44 and Au∼250(p-MBA)n.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lahtinen, Tanja; Hulkko, Eero; Sokołowska, Karolina; Tero, Tiia-Riikka; Saarnio, Ville; Lindgren, Johan; Pettersson, Mika; Häkkinen, Hannu; Lehtovaara, Lauri

    2016-11-10

    We present the synthesis, separation, and characterization of covalently-bound multimers of para-mercaptobenzoic acid (p-MBA) protected gold nanoclusters. The multimers were synthesized by performing a ligand-exchange reaction of a pre-characterized Au 102 (p-MBA) 44 nanocluster with biphenyl-4,4'-dithiol (BPDT). The reaction products were separated using gel electrophoresis yielding several distinct bands. The bands were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealing monomer, dimer, and trimer fractions of the nanocluster. TEM analysis of dimers in combination with molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the nanoclusters are covalently bound via a disulfide bridge between BPDT molecules. The linking chemistry is not specific to Au 102 (p-MBA) 44 . The same approach yields multimers also for a larger monodisperse p-MBA-protected cluster of approximately 250 gold atoms, Au ∼250 (p-MBA) n . While the Au 102 (p-MBA) 44 is not plasmonic, the Au ∼250 (p-MBA) n nanocluster supports localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) at 530 nm. Multimers of the Au ∼250 (p-MBA) n exhibit additional transitions in their UV-vis spectrum at 630 nm and 810 nm, indicating the presence of hybridized LSPR modes. Well-defined structures and relatively small sizes make these systems excellent candidates for connecting ab initio theoretical studies and experimental quantum plasmonics. Moreover, our work opens new possibilities in the controlled synthesis of advanced monodisperse nanocluster superstructures.

  17. Influence of nanostructure Fe-doped ZnO interlayer on the electrical properties of Au/n-type InP Schottky structure

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Padma, R.; Balaram, N.; Reddy, I. Neelakanta; Reddy, V. Rajagopal, E-mail: reddy_vrg@rediffmail.com

    2016-07-01

    The Au/Fe-doped ZnO/n-InP metal/interlayer/semiconductor (MIS) Schottky structure is fabricated with Fe-doped ZnO nanostructure (NS) as an interlayer. The field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy results demonstrated that the surface morphology of the Fe−ZnO NS on n-InP is fairly smooth. The x-ray diffraction results reveal that the average grain size of the Fe−ZnO film is 12.35 nm. The electrical properties of the Au/n-InP metal-semiconductor (MS) and Au/Fe−ZnO NS/n-InP MIS Schottky structures are investigated by current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements at room temperature. The Au/Fe−ZnO NS/n-InP MIS Schottky structure has good rectifying ratio with low-leakage current compared to the Au/n-InP MS structure. The barrier height obtained for the MIS structure is higher than those of MS Schottky structure because of the modification of the effective barrier height by the Fe−ZnO NS interlayer. Further, the barrier height, ideality factor and series resistance are determined for the MS and MIS Schottky structures using Norde and Cheung's functions and compared to each other. The estimated interface state density of MIS Schottky structure is lower than that of MS Schottky structure. Experimental results revealed that the Poole-Frenkel emission is the dominant conduction mechanism in the lower bias region whereas Schottky emission is the dominant in the higher bias region for both the Au/n-InP MS and Au/Fe−ZnO NS/n-InP MIS Schottky structures. - Highlights: • Barrier height of Au/n-InP Schottky diode was modified by Fe−ZnO nanostructure interlayer. • MIS structure has a good rectification ratio compared to the MS structure. • The interface state density of MIS structure is lower than that of MS structure. • Poole-Frenkel mechanism is found to dominate in both MS and MIS structure.

  18. Kyoto protocol and the deep seabed regime of UNCLOS III

    Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

    VijayKumar, B.

    in the incidence of lung cancer, but no pr o- tective effect associated with suppl e ments containing vi t a min A, C, E and b- caro - tene 4 . On the contrary, two major ra n- domized inte r vention studies showed that b- carotene supplementation was assoc i...- ated with increased mortality due to lung cancer 4 . Notwithstanding the beneficial effects of antioxidants, reported from time to time, the problems associated with their use remain unknown by and large to the common people. When taken in exce...

  19. TU-F-CAMPUS-T-02: Monte Carlo Evaluation of Kilovoltage Radiosurgery with AuNPs for Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brivio, D; Zygmanski, P; Sajo, E; Makrigiorgos, G; Ngwa, W

    2015-01-01

    Purpose: To evaluate the benefit of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) in radiosurgery of Age related Macular Degeneration (AMD) using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. AMD disease causes vision loss due to a leaky vasculature of the endothelial cells. Radiosurgical therapy aims to destroy this vasculature while minimizing the delivered dose to healthy tissues of the eye. AuNP known to enhance local dose have been targeted to the macular choroidal endothelial cells to increase the therapeutic efficacy. Methods: Dose enhancement ratio (DER) in macula endothelial cells due to a thin layer of AuNP has been calculated by a MC radiation transport simulation. AuNP layer (10–100nm) has been placed on the bottom of the macula at 2.4cm depth in a water parallelepiped 3×3×6cm3. This layer has been modeled considering various concentrations of AuNP ranging from 5.5–200mg per gram of endothelial cell (volume 10×10×2um3). The x-ray source is 100kVp 4mm diameter beam tilted 0°-30° with respect to the lens. Results: DER in endothelial cell for AuNP concentration of 31mg/g (shown experimentally feasible) and 10–100nm sizes is about 1.8. Tilting 4mm-beam does not reduce the enhancement but allows to avoid the surrounding tissues. Dose distribution in the AuNP vicinity has a significant increase within 30um, peaked at AuNP interface. DER inside and outside of the irradiation 4mm-field are the same while the actual delivered dose is more than one order of magnitude lower outside the field. Compared to 100kVp, usage of filtered spectra with enhanced flux in the region 20keV-40keV shows further increase of DER by about 20%. Dose to the neighboring organs such as retina/optic nerve are reduced accordingly. Conclusion: The results of this MC simulation provide further confirmation of the potential to enhance DER with AuNP from previous analytical calculations. This study provides impetus to improve treatment effectiveness of AMD disease with radiotherapy

  20. TU-F-CAMPUS-T-02: Monte Carlo Evaluation of Kilovoltage Radiosurgery with AuNPs for Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brivio, D; Zygmanski, P [Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (United States); Sajo, E [Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA (United States); Makrigiorgos, G [Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (United States); Ngwa, W [Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (United States)

    2015-06-15

    Purpose: To evaluate the benefit of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) in radiosurgery of Age related Macular Degeneration (AMD) using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. AMD disease causes vision loss due to a leaky vasculature of the endothelial cells. Radiosurgical therapy aims to destroy this vasculature while minimizing the delivered dose to healthy tissues of the eye. AuNP known to enhance local dose have been targeted to the macular choroidal endothelial cells to increase the therapeutic efficacy. Methods: Dose enhancement ratio (DER) in macula endothelial cells due to a thin layer of AuNP has been calculated by a MC radiation transport simulation. AuNP layer (10–100nm) has been placed on the bottom of the macula at 2.4cm depth in a water parallelepiped 3×3×6cm3. This layer has been modeled considering various concentrations of AuNP ranging from 5.5–200mg per gram of endothelial cell (volume 10×10×2um3). The x-ray source is 100kVp 4mm diameter beam tilted 0°-30° with respect to the lens. Results: DER in endothelial cell for AuNP concentration of 31mg/g (shown experimentally feasible) and 10–100nm sizes is about 1.8. Tilting 4mm-beam does not reduce the enhancement but allows to avoid the surrounding tissues. Dose distribution in the AuNP vicinity has a significant increase within 30um, peaked at AuNP interface. DER inside and outside of the irradiation 4mm-field are the same while the actual delivered dose is more than one order of magnitude lower outside the field. Compared to 100kVp, usage of filtered spectra with enhanced flux in the region 20keV-40keV shows further increase of DER by about 20%. Dose to the neighboring organs such as retina/optic nerve are reduced accordingly. Conclusion: The results of this MC simulation provide further confirmation of the potential to enhance DER with AuNP from previous analytical calculations. This study provides impetus to improve treatment effectiveness of AMD disease with radiotherapy.

  1. Mixed Valence Perovskite Cs2 Au2 I6 : A Potential Material for Thin-Film Pb-Free Photovoltaic Cells with Ultrahigh Efficiency.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Debbichi, Lamjed; Lee, Songju; Cho, Hyunyoung; Rappe, Andrew M; Hong, Ki-Ha; Jang, Min Seok; Kim, Hyungjun

    2018-03-01

    New light is shed on the previously known perovskite material, Cs 2 Au 2 I 6 , as a potential active material for high-efficiency thin-film Pb-free photovoltaic cells. First-principles calculations demonstrate that Cs 2 Au 2 I 6 has an optimal band gap that is close to the Shockley-Queisser value. The band gap size is governed by intermediate band formation. Charge disproportionation on Au makes Cs 2 Au 2 I 6 a double-perovskite material, although it is stoichiometrically a single perovskite. In contrast to most previously discussed double perovskites, Cs 2 Au 2 I 6 has a direct-band-gap feature, and optical simulation predicts that a very thin layer of active material is sufficient to achieve a high photoconversion efficiency using a polycrystalline film layer. The already confirmed synthesizability of this material, coupled with the state-of-the-art multiscale simulations connecting from the material to the device, strongly suggests that Cs 2 Au 2 I 6 will serve as the active material in highly efficient, nontoxic, and thin-film perovskite solar cells in the very near future. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  2. NEW CONSTRAINTS ON COMPANIONS AND DUST WITHIN A FEW AU OF VEGA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mennesson, B.; Serabyn, E.; Martin, S. R.; Liewer, K.; Mawet, D.; Hanot, C.

    2011-01-01

    We report on high contrast near-infrared (∼2.2 μm) observations of Vega obtained with the Palomar Fiber Nuller, a dual sub-aperture rotating coronagraph installed at the Palomar Hale telescope. The data show consistent astrophysical null depth measurements at the ≅ 10 -3 level or below for three different baseline orientations spanning 60 deg in azimuth, with individual 1σ uncertainties ≤7 x 10 -4 . These high cancellation and accuracy levels translate into a dynamic range greater than 1000:1 inside the diffraction limit of the 5 m telescope beam. Such high contrast performance is unprecedented in the near-infrared and provides improved constraints on Vega's immediate (≅20 to 250 mas, or ≅0.15 to 2 AU) environment. In particular, our measurements rule out any potential companion in the [0.25-1 AU] region contributing more than 1% of the overall near-infrared stellar flux, with limits as low as 0.2% near 0.6 AU. These are the best upper limits established so far by direct detection for a companion to Vega in this inner region. We also conclude that any dust population contributing a significant (≥1%) near-infrared thermal excess can arise only within 0.2 AU of the star, and that it must consist of much smaller grains than in the solar zodiacal cloud. Dust emission from farther than ≅2 AU is also not ruled out by our observations, but would have to originate in strong scattering, pointing again to very small grains.

  3. INITIAL CONDITIONS FOR STAR FORMATION IN CLUSTERS: PHYSICAL AND KINEMATICAL STRUCTURE OF THE STARLESS CORE Oph A-N6

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bourke, Tyler L.; Myers, Philip C.; Wilner, David J. [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Caselli, Paola [School of Physics and Astronomy, E.C. Stoner Building, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT (United Kingdom); Di Francesco, James [National Research Council Canada, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, Victoria, BC (Canada); Belloche, Arnaud [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Radioastronomie, Auf dem Huegel 69, D-53121 Bonn (Germany); Plume, Rene, E-mail: tbourke@cfa.harvard.edu [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (Canada)

    2012-02-01

    We present high spatial (<300 AU) and spectral (0.07 km s{sup -1}) resolution Submillimeter Array observations of the dense starless cluster core Oph A-N6 in the 1 mm dust continuum and the 3-2 line of N{sub 2}H{sup +} and N{sub 2}D{sup +}. The dust continuum observations reveal a compact source not seen in single-dish observations, of size {approx}1000 AU and mass 0.005-0.01 M{sub Sun }. The combined line and single-dish observations reveal a core of size 3000 Multiplication-Sign 1400 AU elongated in a NW-SE direction, with almost no variation in either line width nor line center velocity across the map, and very small non-thermal motions. The deuterium fraction has a peak value of {approx}0.15 and is >0.05 over much of the core. The N{sub 2}H{sup +} column density profile across the major axis of Oph A-N6 is well represented by an isothermal cylinder, with temperature 20 K, peak density 7.1 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 6} cm{sup -3}, and N{sub 2}H{sup +} abundance 2.7 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -10}. The mass of Oph A-N6 is estimated to be 0.29 M{sub Sun }, compared to a value of 0.18 M{sub Sun} from the isothermal cylinder analysis, and 0.63 M{sub Sun} for the critical mass for fragmentation of an isothermal cylinder. Compared to isolated low-mass cores, Oph A-N6 shows similar narrow line widths and small velocity variation, with a deuterium fraction similar to 'evolved' dense cores. It is significantly smaller than isolated cores, with larger peak column and volume density. The available evidence suggests that Oph A-N6 has formed through the fragmentation of the Oph A filament and is the precursor to a low-mass star. The dust continuum emission suggests that it may already have begun to form a star.

  4. Au@AuPt nanoparticles embedded in B-doped graphene: A superior electrocatalyst for determination of rutin

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, Xianlan; Yang, Guangming; Feng, Shaoping; Shi, Ling; Huang, Zhaolong [School of Science, Honghe University (China); Key Laboratory of Natural Pharamaceutical & Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province Mengzi, Yunnan 661100 (China); Pan, Haibo [Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument & Pharmaceutical Technology, Yishan Campus, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002 (China); Liu, Wei, E-mail: liuwei4728@126.com [School of Science, Honghe University (China); Key Laboratory of Natural Pharamaceutical & Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province Mengzi, Yunnan 661100 (China)

    2017-04-30

    Highlights: • The formation of B-doped graphene (BG) with high content of a total B species use hydrothermal method with B{sub 2}O{sub 3} as reducing agent and boron source. • BG was exfoliated into monolayer nanosheet impregnated by Au@AuPt NPs because B atom creates a net positive charge to facilitate NPs adsorption. • The dispersed carboxyl units of BG can form hydrogen bonding with the phenolic hydroxyl groups of rutin, making more rutin participate in reaction. • Au@AuPt NPs can form charge accumulation or valence change on prominent part of the surface, improving the catalytic effect to rutin. • More electroactive sites were generated by doping B atoms into graphene structures, which act as multidimensional electron transport pathways. - Abstract: A hydrothermal approach was used to prepare B-doped graphene with B{sub 2}O{sub 3} as reductant and boron source. Results reveal that the boron atoms have been successfully embedded into graphene with a high content of a total B species (2.85 at.%). Then, B-doped graphene was exfoliated further into monolayer nanosheet by impregnating Au@AuPt core-shell nanoparticles (Au@AuPt NPs) because boron atom creates a net positive charge, which facilitates Au@AuPt NPs adsorption to form Au@AuPt NPs/B-doped graphene hybrid nanocatalysts. After that, the Au@AuPt NPs/B-doped hybrid suspension was dropped on glassy carbon electrode for sensing rutin. In this way, the dispersed carboxyl units of B-doped graphene can form hydrogen bonding with the phenolic hydroxyl groups of rutin, making rutin enrich easily on modified electrode surface to enhance the electrochemical response. At the same time, its electrochemical mechanism on the modified electrode was elucidated using cyclic voltammetry. It was found that its electrochemical behavior on modified electrode surface was a surface-controlled quasi-reversible process, and the charge transfer coefficient (α) and electron transfer number (n) were 0.296 and 2, respectively

  5. Experimental Conditions: SE3_S02_M02_D02 [Metabolonote[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available SE3_S02_M02_D02 SE3 Comparison of fruit metabolites among tomato varieties 1 SE3_S0...2 Solanum lycopersicum House Momotaro fruit SE3_S02_M02 6.7 mg [MassBase ID] MDLC1_25530 SE3_MS1 LC-FT-ICR-M

  6. Grafting of the 6.6 nylon with N,N-dimethylacrylamide by using ionizing radiation in the vacuum and in presence of air

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Canavel, Valdir; Kawano, Yoshio

    1997-01-01

    The present work has as objectives the obtention and characterization of graft copolymer by irradiation. The polymer used was Nylon 6.6, the monomer was N, N-dimethylacrylamide and the solvent was the formic acid. The solutions were irradiated in 60 Co source in interval dose of 0-20 kGy at two different dose rates (o,20 and 1,02 kGy/h). The results showed that the values of grafting percentage increase or decrease depending of the type of reaction: crosslinking or chain scission. The T m values decreased with the increasing of the dose in both dose rate. (author)

  7. Reconocimiento facial de emociones básicas y su Relación con la teoría de la mente en la variante conductual de la demencia frontotemporal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Eugenia Tabernero

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Las emociones básicas están biológicamente determinadas y ligadas a conductas fundamenta- les para la supervivencia. Las emociones secun- darias son aquellas que para su reconocimiento, requieren la elaboración cognitiva de un contexto social, por lo tanto, de la Teoría de la Mente (TdM. La TdM fue definida como la habilidad de conceptualizar estados mentales de otros indi- viduos para explicar y predecir gran parte de su comportamiento. No es un concepto unitario, exis ten disociaciones entre los componentes cog- nitivo y el emocional de la TdM. Han sido esta- blecidas las alteraciones en el reconocimiento facial de emociones básicas (RFEB y en las ta- reas de TdM en la variante conductual de la de- mencia frontotemporal (DFTvc. El objetivo del trabajo que se informa fue estudiar el reconoci- miento de emociones básicas o primarias y su re- lación con la TdM en pacientes con DFTvc. El 81% de los pacientes mostró alteraciones en por lo menos uno de los tests de RFEB y el 35% en el reconocimiento de la prosodia emocional. El subtest Denominación y el Puntaje Total Emo- ciones mostraron correlaciones con el Test Lec- tura de la Mente en los Ojos, mientras que todas las tareas de RFEB correlacionaron con la tarea de falsa creencia. Se encontraron dobles disocia- ciones entre TdM emocional y cognitiva, con mayor afectación del componente emocional. Como conclusión se corrobora la presencia de alteraciones en el RFEB con prosodia emocional conservada en la DFTvc. La ausencia de correlaciones entre emociones básicas y secundarias pa- recería indicar que se trata de procesos independientes entre sí.

  8. Etude comparée des performances pondérales des chèvres naines de Guinée supplémentées au Leucaena leucocephala, au Gliricidia sepium ou au tourteau de coton dans l'Ouest Cameroun

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tedonkeng Pamo, E.

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Comparative Growth Performance of West African Dwarf Goat Supplemented with Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium or Cotton Seed Cake in West Cameroon. A comparative growth performance study of West African Dwarf Goat supplemented with Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium or cotton seed cake was carried out on-farm around Dschang and at the University Experimental Farm on the Western Highland region of Cameroon. Goats aged between 12 and 16 months were divided into 4 groups of 11 animals each, with one group kept as a control. The goats in the supplemented groups received 390 g of L. leucocephala, 513 g of G. sepium and 88.8 g of cotton seed cake respectively, corresponding to a supplementation 6 g of nitrogen per animal per day. Animals were weighed every 21 days during an 84 days period to evaluate their response to supplementation. The weights of animals supplemented with cotton seed cake were not significantly (P> 0.05 different from those of animals supplemented with L. leucocephala. Similarly the weights of animals supplemented with G. sepium were not different from those of the controls. The adjusted average daily weight gains per goat were 18.9 g ; 17.3 g ; 4.3 g ; and 4.0 g respectively for animals supplemented with cotton seed cake, L. Leucocephala, G. sepium and of the control group.

  9. les racines du gnosticisme

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    5 déc. 2003 ... gonies orphiques, au vrai peu populaires, comprenaient trop d'éléments asia- tiques pour pouvoir être ..... n'est pas celle, intensément existentielle: 'Que dois-je faire pour être sauvé de mes péchés? ... thèmes astrologiques et magiques, des traditions égyptiennes.28 Dans les. Diagrammes Ophites, autre ...

  10. Karel Kramář mezi národem a politickou stranou

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Doubek, Vratislav

    2009-01-01

    Roč. 17, Suppl. 2 (2009), s. 670-679 ISSN 1210-6860. [Karel Kramář (1860-1937). Praha, 31.10.2007-02.11.2007] Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z70900502 Keywords : Kramář, Karel Subject RIV: AB - History

  11. Synthesize and electrochemical characterization of Mg-doped Li-rich layered Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2 cathode material

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, Dan; Huang, Yan; Huo, Zhenqing; Chen, Li

    2013-01-01

    Highlights: • Layered Li[Li 0.2 Ni 0.2−x Mn 0.6−x Mg 2x ]O 2 (2x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05) were synthetized. • Li[Li 0.2 Ni 0.2−x Mn 0.6−x Mg 2x ]O 2 exhibit enhanced electrochemical properties. • The improved performance is attributed to enhanced structure stability. -- Abstract: Mg-doped Li[Li 0.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 ]O 2 as a Li-rich cathode material of lithium-ion batteries were prepared by co-precipitation method and ball-milling treatment using Mg(OH) 2 as a dopant. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ex situ X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvantatic charge/discharge were used to investigate the effect of Mg doping on structure and electrochemical performance. Compared with the bare material, Mg-doped materials exhibit better cycle stabilities and superior rate capabilities. Li[Li 0.2 Ni 0.195 Mn 0.595 Mg 0.01 ]O 2 displays a high reversible capacity of 226.5 mAh g −1 after 60 cycles at 0.1 C. The excellent cycle performance can be attributed to the improvement in structure stability, which is verified by XRD tests before and after 60 cycles. EIS results show that Mg doping decreases the charge-transfer resistance and enhances the reaction kinetics, which is considered to be the major factor for higher rate performance

  12. “Z”-Shaped Rotational Au/Pt Micro-Nanorobot

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kai Chen

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Drug delivery, minimally-invasive surgery, and a hospital-in-the-body are highly desirable for meeting the rapidly growing needs of nanorobot. This paper reports a Z-shaped gold/platinum (Au/Pt hybrid nanorobot which realizes the self-rotational movement without an external force field. The Z-shaped Au/Pt hybrid nanorobot was fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB and plasma sputtering. The purity of the nanorobot was tested by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS. The weight percentage of Pt and Au at the tip were 94.28% and 5.72%, respectively. The weight percentage of Pt and Au at the bottom were 17.39% and 82.75%, respectively. The size of the nanorobot was 2.58 × 10−16 m2 and the mass of the nanorobot was 8.768 × 10−8 kg. The driving force of the nanorobot was 9.76 × 10−14 N at the 6.9% concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution. The rotation speed was 13 rpm, 14 rpm, and 19 rpm at 5.6%, 6.2%, and 7.8% concentrations, respectively.

  13. The eSourcing Capability Model for Service Providers: Knowledge Manage-ment across the Sourcing Life-cycle

    OpenAIRE

    Laaksonen, Pekka

    2011-01-01

    Laaksonen, Pekka The eSourcing Capability Model for Service Providers: Knowledge Manage-ment across the Sourcing Life-cycle Jyväskylä: Jyväskylän yliopisto, 2011, 42 s. Tietojärjestelmätiede, kandidaatintutkielma Ohjaaja(t): Käkölä, Timo Tässä kandidaatintutkielmassa selvitettiin sitä, miten the eSourcing Capability Model for Service Providers-mallin käytännöt (practices) ovat liittyneet tietä-myksenhallinnan neljään prosessiin: tiedon luominen, varastointi/noutaminen, jakamine...

  14. Quelques éléments d'ethnographie du nakaq

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    1973-01-01

    Full Text Available Cet article est le produit d'une expérience vécue et d'une recherche menée dans, le village de Manchire (valle de Cangallo, Ayacucho sur le personnage fantastique et fatidique du Ñakaq (appelé aussi pishtako dans le Centre Nord les auteurs étudient la fonction préhispanique du ñakaq, son rôle actuel dans les comportements collectifs indigènes, ainsi que son intervention dans certains rites agraires ce travail contient aussi quelques éléments ethnologiques sur Manchire (cf. la chaki taklla. Los autores vierten en estas líneas el producto de su experiencia vivida y de sus investigaciones en el pueblo de Manchire (valle de Cangallo, Ayacucho acerca del personaje Fantástico y fatídico del Ñakak (también llamado pishtako en el Centro-Norte del Perú. Estudian la función prehispánica del ñakak, su papel actual en los comportamientos colectivos indígenas y también su intervención en ciertos ritos agrícolas. Este trabajo contiene además algunos otros elementos etnológicos sobre Manchire (cf. la chakitaklla.

  15. Bis(2,6-dimethylpyridine-κNgold(I tetrachloridoaurate(III

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hamid Reza Khavasi

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available In the cation of the title compound, [Au(C7H9N2][AuCl4], the AuI atom is two-coordinated in a linear arrangement by two N atoms from two 2,6-dimethylpyridine ligands. In the anion, the AuIII atom has a virtually square-planar coordination geometry. The Au atoms both are located on centers of inversion. The crystal structure involves intermolecular C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds.

  16. Excited-State N2 Dissociation Pathway on Fe-Functionalized Au.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martirez, John Mark P; Carter, Emily A

    2017-03-29

    Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) offer the possibility of light-activated chemical catalysis on surfaces of strongly plasmonic metal nanoparticles. This technology relies on lower-barrier bond formation and/or dissociation routes made available through energy transfer following the eventual decay of LSPRs. The coupling between these decay processes and a chemical trajectory (nuclear motion, charge-transfer, intersystem crossing, etc.) dictates the availability of these alternative (possibly lower barrier) excited-state channels. The Haber-Bosch method of NH 3 synthesis from N 2 and H 2 is notoriously energy intensive. This is due to the difficulty of N 2 dissociation despite the overall reaction being thermodynamically favorable at ambient temperatures and pressures. LSPRs may provide means to improve the kinetics of N 2 dissociation via induced resonance electronic excitation. In this work, we calculate, via embedded n-electron valence second-order perturbation theory within the density functional embedding theory, the excited-state potential energy surfaces for dissociation of N 2 on an Fe-doped Au(111) surface. This metal alloy may take advantage simultaneously of the strong LSPR of Au and the catalytic activity of Fe toward N 2 dissociation. We find the ground-state dissociation activation energy to be 4.74 eV/N 2 , with Fe as the active site on the surface. Consecutive resonance energy transfers (RETs) may be accessed due to the availability of many electronically excited states with intermediate energies arising from the metal surface that may couple to states induced by the Fe-dopant and the adsorbate molecule, and crossing between excited states may effectively lower the dissociation barrier to 1.33 eV. Our work illustrates that large energetic barriers, prohibitive toward chemical reaction, may be overcome through multiple RETs facilitating an otherwise difficult chemical process.

  17. The Coast Artillery Journal. Volume 86, Number 3, May-June 1943

    Science.gov (United States)

    1943-06-01

    range is approximately 8,000 meters. d. Air obstacles (barrage balloons and kites ) supple- ment the defense capabilities of antiaircraft artillery around...presented letters of commendation from the training center com- 19-13 COAST ARTILLERY ACTI\\’ITIES 85 mander. Runners -up received passes and commenda

  18. Lignée de Soja MON87708 Tolérant Au Dicamba

    OpenAIRE

    Canada, Publié par la Direction des aliments de Santé

    2014-01-01

    Santé Canada a avisé Monsanto Canada Inc. qu’il ne s’oppose pas à la vente d’aliments dérivés du soja MON87708 tolérant au Dicamba. Le Ministère a réalisé une évaluation approfondie de cette lignée de soja, conformément aux Lignes directrices sur l’évaluation de l’innocuité des aliments nouveaux. Ces lignes directrices sont fondées sur des principes admis internationalement pour l’établissement de l’innocuité des aliments à caractères nouveaux....

  19. Genotoxic stress in fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells isolated form miniature pigs transgenic for N-terminal part of mutated human huntingtin.

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Rausová, Petra; Šolc, Petr; Hrabáková, Rita; Klíma, Jiří; Juhásová, Jana; Juhás, Štefan; Motlík, Jan

    2012-01-01

    Roč. 83, Suppl. 1 (2012), A7 ISSN 0022-3050. [EHDN Plenary Meeting /7./. 14.02.2012-16.02.2012, Stockholm] R&D Projects: GA TA ČR TA01011466 Institutional support: RVO:67985904 Keywords : DNA damage * H2AX * MDC1 Subject RIV: CE - Biochemistry

  20. Influence des technologies d'information et de la communication sur ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Influence des technologies d'information et de la communication sur les mutations du marché du travail aunégal. Les technologies d'information et de la communication (TIC) sont devenues un élément-clé des stratégies de développement économique et réduction de la pauvreté aunégal. Cependant, quoique la ...

  1. Soluble Factors from Biofilms of Wound Pathogens Modulate Human Bone Marrow-derived Stromal Cell Differentiation, Migration, Angiogenesis, and Cytokine Secretion

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-03-28

    Island, NY) supple- mented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 10 U peni - cillin mL−1 and streptomycin 10 μg mL−1 at 37°C in 5 % CO2. For all studies...average, the exposure to BCM re- duced the migration capacity by > 6 fold compared to the untreated growth control (Figure 4E). hBMSCs enhance the... enhanced release of factors promoting bone resorption [24]. Prior to the current study, the ef- fect of biofilms on hBMSCs had not been studied. The

  2. Mente, cultura y teoría: aproximaciones a la psicología del arte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ángel Pazos-López

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo es una revisión crítica de las relaciones entre la Historia del Arte y el campo de la Psicología, acotándose el territorio que se ha denominado "Psicología del Arte", dedicado al estudio del arte como producto de la mente humana desde la visión del creador, el receptor y el objeto artístico. El estudio de las ideas que están detrás de las producciones artísticas, o de la sociedad que las descifra y conserva, ha pasado por distintas etapas de desarrollo desde finales del siglo XIX implicando ateóricos del arte, críticos e historiadores, así como a psicoanalistas y psicólogos que han escrito sobre las relaciones entre el arte, la mente y la cultura. Las aportaciones iniciales vinculadas al psicoanálisis de Freud, Jung y Lacan disputaron las primeras posturas filiales y críticas a un campo que se abría. Posteriormente, los escritos de Kris y las teorías de la Psicología del Estilo y de la escuela de la Gestalt serán claves en el devenir de la disciplina. La gran aportación de Vygotsky a la definición de la Psicología del Arte y sus límites, o los estudios de Gombrich dedicados a la psicología de la representación visual fueron la continuación natural de los planteamientos anteriores, así como los trabajos de Gardner o Vigouroux en las últimas décadas. Este recorrido histórico muestra que la Psicología del Arte es una disciplina que ha estado presente transversalmente en muchas corrientes psicológicas, en permanente actualidad, y que necesita una continuidad al hilo de las últimas corrientes de la Psicología.

  3. Effects of plasma treatment on the Ohmic characteristics of Ti/Al/Ti/Au contacts to n-AlGaN

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cao, X. A.; Piao, H.; LeBoeuf, S. F.; Li, J.; Lin, J. Y.; Jiang, H. X.

    2006-01-01

    The effects of surface treatment using Cl 2 /BCl 3 and Ar inductive coupled plasmas on the Ohmic characteristics of Ti/Al/Ti/Au contacts to n-type Al x Ga 1-x N (x=0-0.5) were investigated. Plasma treatment significantly increased the surface conductivity of GaN and Al 0.1 Ga 0.9 N, leading to improved Ohmic behaviors of the contacts. However, it reduced the surface doping level in Al x Ga 1-x N (x≥0.3) and degraded the contact properties. Following a 900-1000 deg. C anneal, the Ti/Al/Ti/Au contacts to Al x Ga 1-x N (x=0-0.3) became truly Ohmic, with specific contact resistances of (3-7)x10 -5 Ω cm 2 , whereas the contact to Al 0.5 Ga 0.5 N remained rectifying even without the plasma treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements confirmed that the Fermi level moved toward the conduction band in GaN after the plasma treatment, but it was pinned by plasma-induced deep-level states in Al 0.5 Ga 0.5 N. This study emphasizes the need to mitigate plasma damage introduced during the mesa etch step for AlGaN-based deep-UV emitters and detectors

  4. Centrality Dependence of Charged-Hadron Transverse-Momentum Spectra in d+Au Collisions at (sNN)=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Becker, B.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Budzanowski, A.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; Gburek, T.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Harrington, A. S.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Khan, N.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lee, J. W.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; Mignerey, A. C.; Noell, A.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Remsberg, L. P.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sawicki, P.; Sedykh, I.; Skulski, W.; Smith, C. E.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S.; Sukhanov, A.; Teng, R.; Tonjes, M. B.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Wadsworth, B.; Wolfs, F. L.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wuosmaa, A. H.; Wysłouch, B.; Zhang, J.

    2003-08-01

    We have measured transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in d+Au collisions at (sNN)=200 GeV. The spectra were obtained for transverse momenta 0.256.0 GeV/c, in a pseudorapidity range of 0.2<η<1.4 in the deuteron direction. The evolution of the spectra with collision centrality is presented in comparison to p+p¯ collisions at the same collision energy. With increasing centrality, the yield at high transverse momenta increases more rapidly than the overall particle density, leading to a strong modification of the spectral shape. This change in spectral shape is qualitatively different from observations in Au+Au collisions at the same energy. The results provide important information for discriminating between different models for the suppression of high-pT hadrons observed in Au+Au collisions.

  5. VII Congreso Cerebro y Mente y I Congreso Antioqueño de Neurología y Neuropediatría

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Asociación Latinoamericana de Neuropsicología y Asociación Antioqueña de Neurología

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available La Asociación Latinoamericana de Neuropsicología (ALAN convoca a la celebración del 7° Congreso Internacional Cerebro y Mente (La Integración del 22 al 25 de Agosto de 2012 en el Jardín Botánico de Medellín, junto con la conmemoración de los 20 años de investigación del Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia y el Primer Congreso Antioqueño de Neurología y Neuropediatría, avalado por la Asociación Antioqueña de Neurología.

  6. Pharmacogénétique: qu'en est-il au Maroc?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Idrissi, Meryem Janati; Ouldim, Karim; Amarti, Afaf; El Hassouni, Mohamed; Khabbal, Youssef

    2013-01-01

    La pharmacogénétique est l’étude de l'influence des variations génétiques interindividuelles sur la réponse aux médicaments, avec le but d'améliorer la prise en charge des patients en visant une médecine personnalisée. Au fait le génome de deux personnes ne diffère que par 0.1% des 3.2 milliards de paires de bases, ce qui implique les effets indésirables des médicaments, qui ont un très important impact sur le plan clinique que sur le plan économique. Or cette dernière décennie ces effets indésirables ont pu être évités grâce aux tests pharmacogénétiques. Au Maroc, la recherche en pharmacogénétique commence à susciter l'intérêt des chercheurs avec quelques études. Une toute première étude en 1986, sur l'acétylation de l'isoniazide chez la population marocaine, suivie par deux autres en 2011 se focalisant sur le métabolisme du tacrolimus et des anti-vitamines K. Ainsi l'espoir maintenant est d'identifier les majoritaires polymorphismes génétiques affectant les patients marocains, afin de leur fournir une prise en charge adaptée. PMID:23785548

  7. Vnímání barev žákem s mentálním postižením Perception of colours by mentally-handicapped pupils

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olga Krejčířová

    2006-02-01

    Full Text Available Předložená stať se pokouší o využití obecných poznatků o barvách v oblasti tělesné kultury a aplikuje je na tělesnou výchovu v podmínkách speciálních škol. Vychází z předpokladu, že vzdělávání žáků s mentálním postižením by mělo probíhat za podmínek, které v nich evokují libé pocity. A k těmto podmínkám patří i barevnost. Jsou prezentovány výsledky šetření preference barev probandy s lehkým a středně těžkým mentálním postižením. Výsledky naznačují, že probandi s lehkým mentálním postižením mají tendenci citlivě vnímat barvy, a to i v abstraktní podobě. Preferují modrou, případně zelenou a červenou barvu a hůře přijímají černou a fialovou. Preference oblíbené barvy je u probandů s těžším mentálním postižením více variabilní než u probandů s lehkým mentálním postižením. The following article attempts to utilize general knowledge of colours in the sphere of physical culture and applies it to physical education in special schools. It is based on the precondition that education of mentally-handicapped pupils should proceed under conditions evoking pleasurable feelings in them. And such conditions also include colours. The article presents the results of an examination of colour preference in probands with slight to moderate mental handicaps. The results show that probands with a slight mental handicap tend to be sensitive in relation to colours, even in their abstract form. They prefer blue, respectively green and red, and they have difficulties with perception of black and violet. The favourite colour preference in probands with a more serious mental handicap is more variable than in probands with a slight mental handicap.

  8. Fabricación y estudio de las propiedades físicas de nanopartículas de aleación, núcleo@corteza y núcleo@corteza@corteza basadas en Co, Au y Ag

    OpenAIRE

    Llamosa Pérez, Daniel

    2014-01-01

    Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física Aplicada. Fecha de lectura: 18-11-2014 En este trabajo de tesis se presenta un estudio sobre la fabricación y caracterización de nanopartículas (NPs) basadas en Co, Au y Ag. Todas las nanopartículas fueron fabricadas utilizando la técnica de agregación de gas pero en diferentes dispositivos experimentales. En la primera parte se presentan NPs CoAu producidas por...

  9. Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in vitro morphogenesis in ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    SERVER

    2007-10-18

    Oct 18, 2007 ... In slightly prolonged culture, somatic embryo development was observed from leaf explants in media supplemented with NO3. - and NH4. +. DISCUSSION. This study was aimed at testing the effect of supple- menting basal Eeuwen's medium with growth regulators, sucrose and different nitrogen sources on ...

  10. An Enrichment Program for Migrant Students: MENTE/UOP.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gilbert, Michael B.

    The report describes the objectives and accomplishments of a summer enrichment program, Migrantes Envueltos en Nuevos Temas de Educacion/Migrants Engaged in New Themes in Education (MENTE), for promising and talented migrant high schoolers. The program is a cooperative one with a university. Students selected by a review committee are tested for…

  11. Estimation of the magnetic entropy change by means of Landau theory and phenomenological model in La0.6Ca0.2 Sr0.2MnO3/Sb2O3 ceramic composites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nasri, M.; Dhahri, E.; Hlil, E. K.

    2018-06-01

    In this paper, magnetocaloric properties of La0.6Ca0.2Sr0.2MnO3/Sb2O3 oxides have been investigated. The composite samples were prepared using the conventional solid-state reaction method. The second-order phase transition can be testified with the positive slope in Arrott plots. An excellent agreement has been found between the -ΔSM values estimated by Landau theory and those obtained using the classical Maxwell relation. The field dependence of the magnetic entropy change analysis shows a power law dependence,|ΔSM|≈Hn , with n(TC) = 0.65. Moreover, the scaling analysis of magnetic entropy change exhibits that ΔSM(T) curves collapse into a single universal curve, indicating that the observed paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition is an authentic second-order phase transition. The maximum value of magnetic entropy change of composites is found to decrease slightly with the further increasing of Sb2O3 concentration. A phenomenological model was used to predict magnetocaloric properties of La0.6Ca0.2Sr0.2MnO3/Sb2O3 composites. The theoretical calculations are compared with the available experimental data.

  12. Theoretical investigation of inclusion complex formation of Gold (III – Dimethyldithiocarbamate anticancer agents with cucurbit[n = 5,6]urils

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zabiollah Mahdavifar

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Gold (III-N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate [DMDT(AuX2] complexes have recently gained increasing attention as potential anticancer agents because of their strong tumor cell growth–inhibitory effects, generally achieved by exploiting non-cisplatin-like mechanisms of action. The goal of our research work is to encapsulate the gold(III dimethyldithiocarbamate complexes as anticancer with cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n = 5, 6] by accurate calculations, to predict the inclusion complex formation of gold(III species with cucurbiturils (CB[n = 5, 6]. The calculations were carried out just for the 1:1 stoichiometric complexes. Upon encapsulation, binding energy, thermodynamic parameters, structural parameters and electronic structures of complexes are investigated. The results of the thermodynamic calculations and the binding energy show that the inclusion process is exothermic and the CB[6]/[DMDT(AuBr2] complex is more stable than other complexes. The final geometry of CB[n]/drugs indicates that the drugs were expelled from the cavity of CB[n]. NBO calculations reveal that the hydrogen bonding between CB[n] and drugs and electrostatic interactions are the major factors contributing to the overall stabilities of the complexes.

  13. Constructing theoretical M-shell spectra for Mg-like Au through Cl-like Au ions in gold plasma diagnostics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hamasha, Safeia; Alshaiub, Rania

    2012-01-01

    The theoretical atomic structure and spectra data for electric dipole transitions in six gold ions (Au 67+ through Au 62+ ) are produced using the flexible atomic code (FAC). The produced data contain energy levels, radiative transition rates and oscillator strengths with Δn≠0 (n = 3 → 4, 5, 6, 7). All M-shell strong lines for the six gold ions are also identified. The produced data and constructed spectra revealed the presence of a wide variety of ionization stages of Au with several blended spectral lines in the spectral range (1.7-4.4 Å). Calculated energy levels are compared against published values, which were calculated using the multi-reference many body perturbation theory that includes higher order quantum electrodynamics corrections effects. Favorable agreement with <0.26% difference was observed.

  14. Une méthodologie pour décrire des déroulements de séances de classe à partir de vidéo dans des recherches sur les pratiques d’enseignants de mathématiques au collège et au lycée

    OpenAIRE

    Robert, Aline

    2017-01-01

    1. Introduction 1.1. Type de recherches concernées et vidéo Notre intérêt premier de chercheur en didactique des mathématiques est l’apprentissage des élèves en mathématiques (au collège et au lycée), en relation avec l’enseignement dispensé en classe. La démarche globale qui est suivie donne une place centrale aux contenus mathématiques précis, autour desquels s’organisent les différentes recherches. Nous allons précisément dégager systématiquement ici ce qui relève spécifiquement de notre c...

  15. Mo(ve)ment-methodology

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Mørck, Line Lerche; Christian Celosse-Andersen, Martin

    2018-01-01

    This paper describes the theoretical basis for and development of a moment-movement research methodology, based on an integration of critical psychological practice research and critical ethnographic social practice theory. Central theoretical conceptualizations, such as human agency, life...... conditions and identity formation, are discussed in relation to criminological theories of gang desistance. The paper illustrates how the mo(ve)ment methodology was applied in a study of comprehensive processes of identity (re)formation and gang exit processes. This study was conducted with Martin, a former....... This is a moment which captures Martin’s complex and ambiguous feelings of conflictual concerns, frustration, anger, and a new feeling of insecurity in his masculinity, as well as engagement and a sense of deep meaningfulness as he becomes a more reflective academic. All these conflicting feelings also give...

  16. DFT study on stability and H2 adsorption activity of bimetallic Au79−nPdn (n = 1–55) clusters

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu, Xuejing; Tian, Dongxu; Meng, Changgong

    2013-01-01

    Highlights: ► Stability of Pd substitution type is face > mid-edge > corner > edge. ► H 2 adsorption activity is in contrast with the stability of Pd substitution type. ► Non-activated dissociation of H 2 occurs in Au 36 Pd 43−3 with high thermal stability. ► ε d agrees with that Pd at edge and corner are more active than face and mid-edge. - Abstract: The stability and H 2 adsorption activity of bimetallic Au 79−n Pd n (n = 1–55) clusters were studied by density functional theory with GGA-PW91 functional. The stability order for four Pd substitution types is face > mid-edge > corner > edge, and the stability is improved with increasing Pd content. In contrast with the stability order, H 2 adsorption activity is corner ≈ edge > mid-edge > face. The Au 36 Pd 43 (3) with Au:Pd ≈ 1:1 ratio and twenty-four Pd substitutions at (1 1 1) facets and nineteen Pd substitutions at subshell sites shows high stability and H 2 non-activated dissociation activity. The partial density of d-states and d band center revealed that the electronic properties are closely associated with the geometric characteristic and adsorption activity. Correlating the d band center ε d and the adsorption energies, the ε d order agrees with the adsorption activity that the Pd substitution at edge and corner sites are more active than at face and mid-edge sites

  17. Centrality dependence of charged hadron transverse momentum spectra in d+Au collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV

    CERN Document Server

    Back, B B; Ballintijn, M; Barton, D S; Becker, B; Betts, R R; Bickley, A A; Bindel, R; Budzanowski, A; Busza, W; Carroll, A; Decowski, M P; García, E; Gburek, T; George, N; Gulbrandsen, K H; Gushue, S; Halliwell, C; Hamblen, J; Harrington, A S; Henderson, C; Hofman, D J; Hollis, R S; Holynski, R; Holzman, B; Iordanova, A; Johnson, E; Kane, J L; Khan, N; Kulinich, P A; Kuo, C M; Lee, J W; Lin, W T; Manly, S; Mignerey, A C; Nöll, A; Nouicer, R; Olszewski, A; Pak, R; Park, I C; Pernegger, H; Reed, C; Remsberg, L P; Roland, C; Roland, G; Sagerer, J; Sarin, P; Sawicki, P; Sedykh, I; Skulski, W; Smith, C E; Steinberg, P; Stephans, G S F; Sukhanov, A; Teng, R; Tonjes, M B; Trzupek, A; Vale, C; van Nieuwenhuizen, G J; Verdier, R; Veres, G I; Wadsworth, B; Wolfs, F L H; Wosiek, B; Wozniak, K; Wuosmaa, A H; Wyslouch, B; Zhang, J

    2003-01-01

    We have measured transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in d+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. The spectra were obtained for transverse momenta 0.25 < p_T < 6.0 GeV/c, in a pseudorapidity range of 0.2 < eta < 1.4 in the deuteron direction. The evolution of the spectra with collision centrality is presented in comparison to p+pbarcollisions at the same collision energy. With increasing centrality, the yield at high transverse momenta increases more rapidly than the overall particle density, leading to a strong modification of the spectral shape. This change in spectral shape is qualitatively different from observations in Au+Au collisions at the same energy. The results provide important information for discriminating between different models for the suppression of high-p_T hadrons observed in Au+Au collisions.

  18. Au/n-ZnO rectifying contact fabricated with hydrogen peroxide pretreatment

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gu, Q. L.; Cheung, C. K.; Ling, C. C.; Ng, A. M. C.; Djurišić, A. B.; Lu, L. W.; Chen, X. D.; Fung, S.; Beling, C. D.; Ong, H. C.

    2008-05-01

    Au contacts were deposited on n-type ZnO single crystals with and without hydrogen peroxide pretreatment for the ZnO substrate. The Au/ZnO contacts fabricated on substrates without H2O2 pretreatment were Ohmic and those with H2O2 pretreatment were rectifying. With an aim of fabricating a good quality Schottky contact, the rectifying property of the Au/ZnO contact was systemically investigated by varying the treatment temperature and duration. The best performing Schottky contact was found to have an ideality factor of 1.15 and a leakage current of ˜10-7 A cm-2. A multispectroscopic study, including scanning electron microscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy, deep level transient spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence, showed that the H2O2 treatment removed the OH impurity and created Zn-vacancy related defects hence decreasing the conductivity of the ZnO surface layer, a condition favorable for forming good Schottky contact. However, the H2O2 treatment also resulted in a deterioration of the surface morphology, leading to an increase in the Schottky contact ideality factor and leakage current in the case of nonoptimal treatment time and temperature.

  19. Ultra-relativistic Au+Au and d+Au collisions:

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Budzanowski, A.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Chai, Z.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; Gburek, T.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Hauer, M.; Heintzelman, G. A.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Katzy, J.; Khan, N.; Kucewicz, W.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; McLeod, D.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Remsberg, L. P.; Reuter, M.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rosenberg, L.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sawicki, P.; Seals, H.; Sedykh, I.; Skulski, W.; Smith, C. E.; Stankiewicz, M. A.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sukhanov, A.; Tang, J.-L.; Tonjes, M. B.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Vaurynovich, S. S.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Wenger, E.; Wolfs, F. L. H.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wuosmaa, A. H.; Wysłouch, B.

    In this talk I will review PHOBOS data on charged particle multiplicities, obtained in Au+Au and d+Au collisions at RHIC. The general features of the Au+Au pseudorapidity distributions results will be discussed and compared to those of /line{p}p collisions. The total charged particle multiplicity, scaled by the number of participant pairs, is observed to be about 40% higher in Au+Au collisions than in /line{p}p and d+Au systems, but, surprisingly at the same level of e+e- collisions. Limiting fragmentation scaling is seen to be obeyed in Au+Au collisions.

  20. 'Thermal' multifragmentation in p + Au collisions at relativistic energies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Avdeev, S.P.; Karnaukhov, V.A.; Kuznetsov, V.D.

    1997-01-01

    Multiple emission of intermediate-mass fragments has been studied for the collisions p + Au at 2.16, 3.6 and 8.1 GeV with the FASA set-up. The mean IMF multiplicities are equal to 1.7, 1.9 and 2.1 (±0.2) respectively. The multiplicity, charge distributions and kinetic energy spectra of IMF are described in the framework of the empirically modified intranuclear cascade model followed by the statistical multifragmentation model. The results support a scenario of true thermal multifragmentation of a hot and expanded target spectator

  1. Le premier élément du patrimoine maritime de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon protégé au titre des monuments historiques

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Herveline Delhumeau

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available Ymac a été classé par arrêté du 14 février 2008 au titre des monuments historiques en raison de l’intérêt ethnologique lié à sa fonction de bateau-pilote. (fig. n° 1Figure 1Ymac, ex-Radar III. Photographie après 2003. © Yannick Lafourcade.Construit en 1965 à Mavilette (Nouvelle-Ecosse, Canada par le chantier Alfred Boudreau, ce bateau traditionnel de pêche à coque en bois avait été initialement armé pour la pêche aux poissons plats par Alex Doucet, d’où son premier nom Alex D. Après avoir p...

  2. DFT study on stability and H{sub 2} adsorption activity of bimetallic Au{sub 79−n}Pd{sub n} (n = 1–55) clusters

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Liu, Xuejing [State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024 (China); Tian, Dongxu, E-mail: tiandx@dlut.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024 (China); Meng, Changgong [State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024 (China)

    2013-03-29

    Highlights: ► Stability of Pd substitution type is face > mid-edge > corner > edge. ► H{sub 2} adsorption activity is in contrast with the stability of Pd substitution type. ► Non-activated dissociation of H{sub 2} occurs in Au{sub 36}Pd{sub 43−3} with high thermal stability. ► ε{sub d} agrees with that Pd at edge and corner are more active than face and mid-edge. - Abstract: The stability and H{sub 2} adsorption activity of bimetallic Au{sub 79−n}Pd{sub n} (n = 1–55) clusters were studied by density functional theory with GGA-PW91 functional. The stability order for four Pd substitution types is face > mid-edge > corner > edge, and the stability is improved with increasing Pd content. In contrast with the stability order, H{sub 2} adsorption activity is corner ≈ edge > mid-edge > face. The Au{sub 36}Pd{sub 43} (3) with Au:Pd ≈ 1:1 ratio and twenty-four Pd substitutions at (1 1 1) facets and nineteen Pd substitutions at subshell sites shows high stability and H{sub 2} non-activated dissociation activity. The partial density of d-states and d band center revealed that the electronic properties are closely associated with the geometric characteristic and adsorption activity. Correlating the d band center ε{sub d} and the adsorption energies, the ε{sub d} order agrees with the adsorption activity that the Pd substitution at edge and corner sites are more active than at face and mid-edge sites.

  3. Effects of the Substrate Temperature in AuN Thin Films by Means of X-Ray Diffraction

    Science.gov (United States)

    Devia, A.; Benavides, V.; Castillo, H. A.; Quintero, J.

    2006-12-01

    Gold is used in electronic industry like electric conductor for products such as computers, mobiles phones, etc; with the drawback that it is one of the most expensive metals in the market. Gold Nitride is a new material, having excellent physics properties like high hardness, high melting point, high electric conductivity, chemical inertia and good thermodynamic stabily among others. At the moment its study is more about electronics, optics, mechanical properties and growth of the films. AuN thin films were produced by the PAPVD (Plasma assisted Physics Vapor Deposition) method, using the pulsed arc technique in a mono-vaporizer system. These films were created with an Au target of 99% purity and deposited on stainless steel 304. It was observed that heating the substrate produces small stoichiometric changes in the film, which makes small changes in the diffraction patterns to appear, like widening in the Au orientation, since the composicional gradient is varying according to the substrate temperature. Au 4f and N1s narrow spectra were analyzed using XPS (X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy), in order to observe stoichiometry in the films.

  4. Effects of the Substrate Temperature in AuN Thin Films by Means of X-Ray Diffraction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Devia, A.; Benavides, V.; Castillo, H. A.; Quintero, J.

    2006-01-01

    Gold is used in electronic industry like electric conductor for products such as computers, mobiles phones, etc; with the drawback that it is one of the most expensive metals in the market. Gold Nitride is a new material, having excellent physics properties like high hardness, high melting point, high electric conductivity, chemical inertia and good thermodynamic stabily among others. At the moment its study is more about electronics, optics, mechanical properties and growth of the films. AuN thin films were produced by the PAPVD (Plasma assisted Physics Vapor Deposition) method, using the pulsed arc technique in a mono-vaporizer system. These films were created with an Au target of 99% purity and deposited on stainless steel 304. It was observed that heating the substrate produces small stoichiometric changes in the film, which makes small changes in the diffraction patterns to appear, like widening in the Au orientation, since the composicional gradient is varying according to the substrate temperature. Au 4f and N1s narrow spectra were analyzed using XPS (X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy), in order to observe stoichiometry in the films

  5. Achats et ventes de terres par les indiens de Cuenca au XVIIe siècle: éléments de conjoncture économique et de stratification sociale

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    1992-01-01

    Full Text Available Dans cet article, l'auteur étudie les contrats d'achat-vente de terres réalisés par les indiens du corregimiento de Cuenca (Equateur au XVIIº siècle. Après avoir présenté les problèmes méthodologiques, il analyse les différentes informations que contient la source concernant la nature des transactions, 1''identité' des intervenants indiens et la perspective des contrats une chronologie des phénomènes est proposée, montrant pour ce siècle les fluctuations des achats et des ventes, du lien ville-campagne. À travers cette étude, il s'agit d'une contribution au problème de la participation indienne au marché colonial - dans le cas présent, foncier et immobilier - en même temps que d'une approche de la mobilité et de la différenciation sociale interne au monde indigène pendant la Colonie. COMPRAS Y VENTAS DE TIERRAS POR LOS INDIOS DE CUENCA EN EL SIGLO XVII: ELEMENTOS DE COYUNTURA ECONÓMICA Y DE ESTRATIFICACIÓN SOCIAL. En este artículo, el autor estudia los contratos de compra-venta de tierras realizados por los indios del corregimiento de Cuenca (Ecuador en el siglo XVII. Después de haber presentado los aspectos metodológicos, analiza las distintas informaciones que contienen las fuentes en cuanto a la naturaleza de las transacciones, la 'identidad' de los participantes indígenas y la perspectiva de los contratos se propone una cronología de los fenómenos, diseñando para este siglo las fluctuaciones de las compras-ventas y del nexo ciudad-campo. A través de este estudio, se trata de dar una contribución al problema de la participación indígena al mercado colonial -en este caso, territorial e inmobiliario- al mismo tiempo que de un acercamiento a la movilidad y a la diferenciación social interna del mundo indígena colonial. LAND PROCUREMENT AND SALE BY THE CUENCA INDIANS OF THE 17TH CENTURY: CONSTITUENTS FOR FINANCIAL CONJUNCTION AND SOCIAL STATUS. Through the present article, the author analyses the land

  6. Re-evaluation of microscopic and integral cross-section data for important dosimetry reactions. Re-evaluation of the excitation functions for the 24Mg(n,p)24Na, 32S(n,p)32P, 60Ni(n,p)60m+gCo, 63Cu(n,2n)62Cu, 65Cu(n,2n)64Cu, 64Zn(n,p)64Cu, 115In(n,2n)114mIn, 127I(n,2n)126I, 197Au(n,2n)196Au and 199Hg(n,n')199mHg reactions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zolotarev, K.I.

    2008-08-01

    Re-evaluations of cross sections and their associated covariance matrices have been carried out for ten dosimetry reactions: - excitation functions for the 63 Cu(n,2n) 62 Cu, 65 Cu(n,2n) 64 Cu, 64 Zn(n,p) 64 Cu, 115 In(n,2n) 114m In and 199 Hg(n,n') 199m Hg reactions were re-evaluated over the neutron energy range from threshold to 20 MeV; - excitation functions for the 24 Mg(n,p) 24 Na, 32 S(n,p) 32 P and 60 Ni(n,p) 60m+g Co were reevaluated in the energy range from threshold to 21 MeV; - excitation functions for the 127 I(n,2n) 126 I and 197 Au(n,2n) 196 Au reactions were reevaluated in the energy range from threshold to 32 and 40 MeV, respectively. Benchmark calculations performed for 235 U thermal fission and 252 Cf spontaneous fission neutron spectra show that the integral cross sections derived from the newly evaluated excitation functions exhibit improved agreement with related experimental data when compared with the equivalent data from the IRDF-2002 library. (author)

  7. Beam-Energy Dependence of Directed Flow of Λ , Λ ¯, K±, Ks0, and ϕ in Au +Au Collisions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adams, J. R.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Alekseev, I.; Anderson, D. M.; Aoyama, R.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Ashraf, M. U.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bai, X.; Bairathi, V.; Barish, K.; Behera, A.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandenburg, J. D.; Brandin, A. V.; Brown, D.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chankova-Bunzarova, N.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, X.; Chen, J. H.; Chen, X.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Elsey, N.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Ewigleben, J.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Federicova, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Z.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fujita, J.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A. I.; Hamed, A.; Harlenderova, A.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Horvat, S.; Huang, X.; Huang, B.; Huang, T.; Huang, H. Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Huo, P.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jentsch, A.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Jowzaee, S.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kapukchyan, D.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kim, C.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kochenda, L.; Kocmanek, M.; Kollegger, T.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kraishan, A. F.; Krauth, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kulathunga, N.; Kumar, L.; Kvapil, J.; Kwasizur, J. H.; Lacey, R.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, C.; Li, X.; Li, Y.; Li, W.; Lidrych, J.; Lin, T.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, P.; Liu, H.; Liu, Y.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, S.; Luo, X.; Ma, Y. G.; Ma, L.; Ma, R.; Ma, G. L.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Mallick, D.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H. S.; Meehan, K.; Mei, J. C.; Miller, Z. W.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nelson, J. M.; Nie, M.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nogach, L. V.; Nonaka, T.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V. A.; Olvitt, D.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pile, P.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Ray, R. L.; Reed, R.; Rehbein, M. J.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Roth, J. D.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Saur, M.; Schambach, J.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Schweid, B. R.; Seger, J.; Sergeeva, M.; Seto, R.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M. K.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shi, Z.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singha, S.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, N.; Smirnov, D.; Solyst, W.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Sugiura, T.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, Y.; Sun, X. M.; Sun, X.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Tang, Z.; Tang, A. H.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A.; Thäder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, G.; Wang, Y.; Wang, F.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, G.; Xie, W.; Xu, J.; Xu, Z.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, N.; Yang, S.; Yang, Y.; Yang, C.; Yang, Q.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Z.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2018-02-01

    Rapidity-odd directed-flow measurements at midrapidity are presented for Λ , Λ ¯, K±, Ks0, and ϕ at √{sN N }=7.7 , 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV in Au +Au collisions recorded by the Solenoidal Tracker detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These measurements greatly expand the scope of data available to constrain models with differing prescriptions for the equation of state of quantum chromodynamics. Results show good sensitivity for testing a picture where flow is assumed to be imposed before hadron formation and the observed particles are assumed to form via coalescence of constituent quarks. The pattern of departure from a coalescence-inspired sum rule can be a valuable new tool for probing the collision dynamics.

  8. Enhanced absorption in Au nanoparticles/a-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction solar cells exploiting Au surface plasmon resonance

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Losurdo, Maria; Giangregorio, Maria M.; Bianco, Giuseppe V.; Sacchetti, Alberto; Capezzuto, Pio; Bruno, Giovanni [Institute of Inorganic Methodologies and of Plasmas, IMIP-CNR, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari (Italy)

    2009-10-15

    Au nanoparticles (NPs)/(n-type)a-Si:H/(p-type)c-Si heterojunctions have been deposited combining plasma-enhanced chemical-vapour deposition (PECVD) with Au sputtering. We demonstrate that a density of {proportional_to}1.3 x 10{sup 11} cm{sup -2} of Au nanoparticles with an approximately 20 nm diameter deposited onto (n-type)a-Si:H/(p-type)c-Si heterojunctions enhance performance exploiting the improved absorption of light by the surface plasmon resonance of Au NPs. In particular, Au NPs/(n-type)a-Si:H/(p-type)c-Si show an enhancement of 20% in the short-circuit current, J{sub SC}, 25% in the power output, P{sub max} and 3% in the fill factor, FF, compared to heterojunctions without Au NPs. Structures have been characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy and current-voltage (I-V) measurements to correlate the plasmon resonance-induced enhanced absorption of light with photovoltaic performance. (author)

  9. Microstructure evolution of the Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}/Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} joints brazed using Au-Ni-V filler alloys with different V content

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sun, Y. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001 (China); Zhang, J., E-mail: hitzhangjie@hit.edu.cn [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001 (China); Zhang, H.W.; Fan, G.H.; He, Y.M. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001 (China)

    2011-08-18

    Highlights: > Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} ceramic was brazed using Au-Ni-V filler alloy with different V content. > The microstructure evolution of the joint was study in detail in the paper. > The polygonal Ni{sub 2}SiV{sub 3} and Ni{sub 3}V phase in the joint were investigated by TEM. > The formation of different compounds and alloys in joint was detailed discussed. - Abstract: Au-Ni-V filler alloys with different vanadium contents were designed to braze Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} ceramic at 1373 K for 30 min, and the microstructures of brazing seams were investigated by SEM and TEM. When the Au-Ni-V filler alloy contains 5 at.% V, round-like Ni[Si, V, Au] precipitates form in the Au[Ni] solid solution matrix and a VN reaction layer with 0.5 {mu}m thickness appears on Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} interface. When the V content increases to 10 at.%, a new polygonal Ni{sub 2}SiV{sub 3} phase occurs in the seam, and the Ni[Si, V, Au] precipitate coarsens and VN layer thickens. With increase of V contents to 15 and 20 at.%, laminar Ni[Au] and polygonal Ni{sub 3}V precipitates form. With 25 at.% V content in the filler alloy, the Ni{sub 2}SiV{sub 3} and Ni{sub 3}V precipitates distribute homogenously in the brazing seam. These microstructure evolutions were attributed to the reaction between Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} and vanadium, which forms VN reaction layer and releases Si into the molten alloy.

  10. Ajout d’équivalents des groupes alimentaires au Questionnaire canadien de fréquence alimentaire II pour estimer l’Indice canadien de saine alimentation-2005

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria McInerney

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction : Il a été prouvé qu’un régime alimentaire de piètre qualité augmente le risque de maladies chroniques courantes susceptibles de nuire à la qualité de vie et d'alourdir le fardeau qui pèse sur le système de santé. Les recommandations fondées sur des données probantes du Guide alimentaire canadien (GAC fournissent des conseils nutritionnels destinés à améliorer la qualité du régime alimentaire. L’Indice canadien de saine alimentation (ICSA, un outil de mesure de la qualité du régime alimentaire, permet d'évaluer la conformité au GAC. Le Questionnaire canadien de fréquence alimentaire II (QFA-C II [Canadian Diet History Questionnaire II, C-DHQ II], mis au point récemment, pourrait quant à lui servir à estimer l’ICSA au sein de la population canadienne si on pouvait ajouter à sa base de données sur les éléments nutritifs les équivalents des groupes alimentaires (correspondant aux portions du GAC. Nous décrivons dans cet article des méthodes destinées à enrichir cette base de données sur les éléments nutritifs du QFA-C II en vue d’estimer l’ICSA. Méthodologie : Nous avons créé des équivalents des groupes alimentaires à partir de données provenant de diverses bases de données sur les aliments et les éléments nutritifs, en particulier l’Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes, cycle 2.2 Nutrition de 2004. Nous avons ajouté ces variables à la base de données sur les éléments nutritifs du QFA-C II. Nous avons déterminé les scores de l’ICSA et avons effectué des analyses descriptives pour les participants qui ont répondu au QFA-C II dans le cadre d’une étude transversale canadienne. Résultats : Le score moyen de l’ICSA dans notre échantillon de 446 adultes de 20 à 83 ans était de 64,4 (écart-type : 10,8. Les femmes, les non-fumeurs et les personnes ayant un niveau de scolarité supérieur au secondaire ont obtenu de manière statistiquement

  11. Crystal structure and magnetic properties of PrCo6.8-xCuxHf0.2 compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Luo, J; Liang, J K; Guo, Y Q; Liu, Q L; Liu, F S; Yang, L T; Zhang, Y; Rao, G H

    2004-01-01

    The effects of Cu substitution on the crystal structure and magnetic properties of PrCo 6.8-x Cu x Hf 0.2 (x = 0-1.0) compounds were investigated by means of x-ray powder diffraction and magnetic measurements. The as-cast PrCo 6.8-x Cu x Hf 0.2 compounds crystallize in the TbCu 7 -type structure with the space group P6/mmm. The Curie temperature and magnetic anisotropy field decrease with increasing Cu content. A spin reorientation behaviour has been observed in the PrCo 6.8-x Cu x Hf 0.2 compounds. The addition of Cu weakens the anisotropy of the Co sublattice, leading to an increase in the spin reorientation temperature with increasing content of Cu

  12. Magnetic and thermodynamic properties of GdCu4Au

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bashir, Aiman K; Tchokonté, Moise B Tchoula; Britz, Douglas; Sondezi, B M; Strydom, André M

    2015-01-01

    The results of magnetic susceptibility, χ(T), magnetization, σ(μ 0 H), and specific heat, C P (T), for GdCu 4 Au are presented. The room temperature powder X-ray diffraction studies indicate a cubic MgCu 4 Sn – type crystal structure with space group F4-bar 3m (No.216). The low field dc χ(T) data shows an antiferromagnetic – like (AFM) anomaly associated with a Néel temperature T N = 10.8 K for GdCu 4 Au. In the paramagnetic region above T N , χ(T) data follows the Curies – Weiss law with an effective magnetic moment μ eff = 7.444(1) μ B and paramagnetic Weiss temperature θ P = -15.01(2) K. The experimental value of is close to the calculated value of 7.94 μ B expected for the free Gd 3+ -ion. The field-cooled (FC) and zero-field-cooled (ZFC) χ(T) data provide evidence for the formation of spin-glass state with a freezing temperature T f = 15 K. σ(μ 0 H) measured in the ordering region (below TN) shows that GdCu 4 Au undergoes metamagnetic transition above 0.7 T, characterized by a slight upward curvature above this field. Measurement of σ(μ 0 H) in the paramagnetic regions show a linear behaviour up to 0.7 T and a downward curvature at high fields. C P (T) data shows an AFM – like phase transition at T N = 10.4 K close to the phase transition observed in χ(T) results. The 4f-electron entropy reaches the value of Rln2 close to T N at 9.02 K and reaches the value of Rln(2J + 1) at T = 180 K

  13. SÍNTESIS, CARACTERIZACIÓN E INCORPORACIÓN DE NANOPARTÍCULAS (ESFERAS Y BARRAS) DE AU EN LA MEZCLA (DONADOR/ACEPTOR) P3HT/PCBM CON POSIBILIDAD DE USO EN CELDAS FOTOVOLTAICAS ORGÁNICAS HÍBRIDAS

    OpenAIRE

    ADAME SOLORIO, JESÚS SALVADOR

    2017-01-01

    En este trabajo se reporta la síntesis y caracterización de nanopartículas de oro (NPs de Au), con morfología irregular, en medio acuoso mediante un método secuencial de crecimiento. Variando solo la cantidad de suspensión semilla de Au fue posible variar el tamaño y forma de las NPs de Au en función del volumen de la suspensión semilla de Au. Por otro lado, los polígonos irregulares presentan resonancia plasmónica de superficie (RPS) en la región del infrarrojo cercano, que favorece la separ...

  14. Etude de l'évolution des éléments précurseurs d'eutrophisation des ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Dans le cadre du suivi de la qualité des eaux de surface destinées à la potabilisation, l'évolution des éléments précurseurs d'eutrophisation (matières azotées et phosphorées) du barrage n°3 de Ouagadougou a été investiguée durant la période de septembre 2012 à décembre 2012. Les paramètres chimiques ont été ...

  15. Label-Free Electrochemical Detection of Vanillin through Low-Defect Graphene Electrodes Modified with Au Nanoparticles

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jingyao Gao

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Graphene is an excellent modifier for the surface modification of electrochemical electrodes due to its exceptional physical properties and, for the development of graphene-based chemical and biosensors, is usually coated on glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs via drop casting. However, the ease of aggregation and high defect content of reduced graphene oxides degrade the electrical properties. Here, we fabricated low-defect graphene electrodes by catalytically thermal treatment of HPHT diamond substrate, followed by the electrodeposition of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs with an average size of ≈60 nm on the electrode surface using cyclic voltammetry. The Au nanoparticle-decorated graphene electrodes show a wide linear response range to vanillin from 0.2 to 40 µM with a low limit of detection of 10 nM. This work demonstrates the potential applications of graphene-based hybrid electrodes for highly sensitive chemical detection.

  16. Influenza AH1N2 Viruses, United Kingdom, 2001?02 Influenza Season

    OpenAIRE

    Ellis, Joanna S.; Alvarez-Aguero, Adriana; Gregory, Vicky; Lin, Yi Pu; Hay, A.; Zambon, Maria C.

    2003-01-01

    During the winter of 2001?02, influenza AH1N2 viruses were detected for the first time in humans in the U.K. The H1N2 viruses co-circulated with H3N2 viruses and a very small number of H1N1 viruses and were isolated in the community and hospitalized patients, predominantly from children

  17. Observation of D0 meson nuclear modifications in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 200 GeV.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L; Adkins, J K; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, M M; Ahammed, Z; Alekseev, I; Alford, J; Anson, C D; Aparin, A; Arkhipkin, D; Aschenauer, E C; Averichev, G S; Banerjee, A; Beavis, D R; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bhati, A K; Bhattarai, P; Bichsel, H; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, L C; Bordyuzhin, I G; Borowski, W; Bouchet, J; Brandin, A V; Brovko, S G; Bültmann, S; Bunzarov, I; Burton, T P; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M; Cebra, D; Cendejas, R; Cervantes, M C; Chaloupka, P; Chang, Z; Chattopadhyay, S; Chen, H F; Chen, J H; Chen, L; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Chikanian, A; Christie, W; Chwastowski, J; Codrington, M J M; Contin, G; Cramer, J G; Crawford, H J; Cui, X; Das, S; Davila Leyva, A; De Silva, L C; Debbe, R R; Dedovich, T G; Deng, J; Derevschikov, A A; Derradi de Souza, R; Dhamija, S; di Ruzza, B; Didenko, L; Dilks, C; Ding, F; Djawotho, P; Dong, X; Drachenberg, J L; Draper, J E; Du, C M; Dunkelberger, L E; Dunlop, J C; Efimov, L G; Engelage, J; Engle, K S; Eppley, G; Eun, L; Evdokimov, O; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Fedorisin, J; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Flores, C E; Gagliardi, C A; Gangadharan, D R; Garand, D; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Girard, M; Gliske, S; Greiner, L; Grosnick, D; Gunarathne, D S; Guo, Y; Gupta, A; Gupta, S; Guryn, W; Haag, B; Hamed, A; Han, L-X; Haque, R; Harris, J W; Heppelmann, S; Hirsch, A; Hoffmann, G W; Hofman, D J; Horvat, S; Huang, B; Huang, H Z; Huang, X; Huck, P; Humanic, T J; Igo, G; Jacobs, W W; Jang, H; Judd, E G; Kabana, S; Kalinkin, D; Kang, K; Kauder, K; Ke, H W; Keane, D; Kechechyan, A; Kesich, A; Khan, Z H; Kikola, D P; Kisel, I; Kisiel, A; Koetke, D D; Kollegger, T; Konzer, J; Koralt, I; Kotchenda, L; Kraishan, A F; Kravtsov, P; Krueger, K; Kulakov, I; Kumar, L; Kycia, R A; Lamont, M A C; Landgraf, J M; Landry, K D; Lauret, J; Lebedev, A; Lednicky, R; Lee, J H; LeVine, M J; Li, C; Li, W; Li, X; Li, X; Li, Y; Li, Z M; Lisa, M A; Liu, F; Ljubicic, T; Llope, W J; Lomnitz, M; Longacre, R S; Luo, X; Ma, G L; Ma, Y G; Madagodagettige Don, D M M D; Mahapatra, D P; Majka, R; Margetis, S; Markert, C; Masui, H; Matis, H S; McDonald, D; McShane, T S; Minaev, N G; Mioduszewski, S; Mohanty, B; Mondal, M M; Morozov, D A; Mustafa, M K; Nandi, B K; Nasim, Md; Nayak, T K; Nelson, J M; Nigmatkulov, G; Nogach, L V; Noh, S Y; Novak, J; Nurushev, S B; Odyniec, G; Ogawa, A; Oh, K; Ohlson, A; Okorokov, V; Oldag, E W; Olvitt, D L; Pachr, M; Page, B S; Pal, S K; Pan, Y X; Pandit, Y; Panebratsev, Y; Pawlak, T; Pawlik, B; Pei, H; Perkins, C; Peryt, W; Pile, P; Planinic, M; Pluta, J; Poljak, N; Porter, J; Poskanzer, A M; Pruthi, N K; Przybycien, M; Pujahari, P R; Putschke, J; Qiu, H; Quintero, A; Ramachandran, S; Raniwala, R; Raniwala, S; Ray, R L; Riley, C K; Ritter, H G; Roberts, J B; Rogachevskiy, O V; Romero, J L; Ross, J F; Roy, A; Ruan, L; Rusnak, J; Rusnakova, O; Sahoo, N R; Sahu, P K; Sakrejda, I; Salur, S; Sandweiss, J; Sangaline, E; Sarkar, A; Schambach, J; Scharenberg, R P; Schmah, A M; Schmidke, W B; Schmitz, N; Seger, J; Seyboth, P; Shah, N; Shahaliev, E; Shanmuganathan, P V; Shao, M; Sharma, B; Shen, W Q; Shi, S S; Shou, Q Y; Sichtermann, E P; Singaraju, R N; Skoby, M J; Smirnov, D; Smirnov, N; Solanki, D; Sorensen, P; Spinka, H M; Srivastava, B; Stanislaus, T D S; Stevens, J R; Stock, R; Strikhanov, M; Stringfellow, B; Sumbera, M; Sun, X; Sun, X M; Sun, Y; Sun, Z; Surrow, B; Svirida, D N; Symons, T J M; Szelezniak, M A; Takahashi, J; Tang, A H; Tang, Z; Tarnowsky, T; Thomas, J H; Timmins, A R; Tlusty, D; Tokarev, M; Trentalange, S; Tribble, R E; Tribedy, P; Trzeciak, B A; Tsai, O D; Turnau, J; Ullrich, T; Underwood, D G; Van Buren, G; van Nieuwenhuizen, G; Vandenbroucke, M; Vanfossen, J A; Varma, R; Vasconcelos, G M S; Vasiliev, A N; Vertesi, R; Videbæk, F; Viyogi, Y P; Vokal, S; Vossen, A; Wada, M; Wang, F; Wang, G; Wang, H; Wang, J S; Wang, X L; Wang, Y; Wang, Y; Webb, G; Webb, J C; Westfall, G D; Wieman, H; Wissink, S W; Witt, R; Wu, Y F; Xiao, Z; Xie, W; Xin, K; Xu, H; Xu, J; Xu, N; Xu, Q H; Xu, Y; Xu, Z; Yan, W; Yang, C; Yang, Y; Yang, Y; Ye, Z; Yepes, P; Yi, L; Yip, K; Yoo, I-K; Yu, N; Zawisza, Y; Zbroszczyk, H; Zha, W; Zhang, J B; Zhang, J L; Zhang, S; Zhang, X P; Zhang, Y; Zhang, Z P; Zhao, F; Zhao, J; Zhong, C; Zhu, X; Zhu, Y H; Zoulkarneeva, Y; Zyzak, M

    2014-10-03

    We report the first measurement of charmed-hadron (D(0)) production via the hadronic decay channel (D(0) → K(-) + π(+)) in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 200 GeV with the STAR experiment. The charm production cross section per nucleon-nucleon collision at midrapidity scales with the number of binary collisions, N(bin), from p+p to central Au+Au collisions. The D(0) meson yields in central Au + Au collisions are strongly suppressed compared to those in p+p scaled by N(bin), for transverse momenta p(T) > 3 GeV/c, demonstrating significant energy loss of charm quarks in the hot and dense medium. An enhancement at intermediate p(T) is also observed. Model calculations including strong charm-medium interactions and coalescence hadronization describe our measurements.

  18. Adaptación del Cuestionario de Autoeficacia Profesional (AU-10 a la población de trabajadores cordobeses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Maffei

    2012-01-01

    expresar creencias más elevadas de autoeficacia profesional, tal como se esperaba a nivel teórico. Conclusión. Los resultados son prometedores porque se verifican algunas propiedades psicométricas importantes del AU- 10 en la población de trabajadores de Córdoba. Contar con un instrumento de estas características posibilita el desarrollo de futuras líneas de trabajo, tanto de índole práctica como aplicada.

  19. XBP1, Unfolded Protein Response, and Endocrine Responsiveness

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-05-01

    were imaged using a Bruker Biospec 7 T small animal MRI , and, next, will also be analyzed by high resolution localized spectroscopy in order to reveal...L NaCl, 50 mmol/L Tris (pH 7.5), 1% Igepal CA-630, and 0.5% deoxycholate] supple- mented with Complete Mini protease inhibitor cocktail tablets

  20. Mind Mindedness o la capacidad del adulto para tratar al niño(a como un individuo con mente: Nuevas perspectivas para el estudio de la interacción entre el(la niño(a preescolar y sus figuras de apego

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Carvacho

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available A partir de los 3 años de edad, el(la niño(a preescolar adquiere la habilidad para razonar sobre sus propias emociones, creencias y deseos, por lo que, además de una respuesta sensible, necesita de una actitud mentalizante del adulto que lo ayude a tomar conciencia de su mente y a comprender su mundo interno a través del lenguaje. En este contexto, el constructo de Mind Mindedness permite conceptualizar esta capacidad del adulto significativo(a, para comprender en mejor medida la emergencia de la teoría de la mente y el vínculo de apego en el(la niño(a preescolar. Este artículo expone una revisión del desarrollo teórico y empírico que está a la base del constructo Mind Mindedness y discute sus principales aportes al estudio, comprensión e intervención en la interacción entre el(la niño(a preescolar y su figura de apego.

  1. The Influence of High-Energy Electrons Irradiation on Surface of n-GaP and on Au/n-GaP/Al Schottky Barrier Diode

    Science.gov (United States)

    Demir, K. Çinar; Kurudirek, S. V.; Oz, S.; Biber, M.; Aydoğan, Ş.; Şahin, Y.; Coşkun, C.

    We fabricated 25 Au/n-GaP/Al Schottky devices and investigated the influence of high electron irradiation, which has 12MeV on the devices, at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction patterns, scanning electron microscopic images and Raman spectra of a gallium phosphide (GaP) semiconductor before and after electron irradiation have been analyzed. Furthermore, some electrical measurements of the devices were carried out through the current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. From the I-V characteristics, experimental ideality factor n and barrier height Φ values of these Schottky diodes have been determined before and after irradiation, respectively. The results have also been analyzed statically, and a gauss distribution has been obtained. The built-in potential Vbi, barrier height Φ, Fermi level EF and donor concentration Nd values have been determined from the reverse bias C-V and C-2-V curves of Au/n-GaP/Al Schottky barrier diodes at 100kHz before and after 12MeV electron irradiation. Furthermore, we obtained the series resistance values of Au/n-GaP/Al Schottky barrier diodes with the help of different methods. Experimental results confirmed that the electrical characterization of the device changed with the electron irradiation.

  2. Observation of the strongest 5s2 5p6 5d-(5s2 5p5 5d6s+5s25p6 7p) transitions in Au XI to Bi XV ions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Churilov, S.S.; Joshi, Y.N.

    2001-01-01

    The spectra of gold till bismuth were studied in the 90-135 A region. Nine most intense lines belonging to the 5s 2 5p 6 5d-5s 2 5p 5 5d6s array were identified in Au XI to Bi XV ions. The 5s 2 5p 6 7p 2 P 3/2,1/2 levels in Au XI and the 5s 2 5p 6 7p 2 P 3/2 level in Hg XII were also identified. The observed wavelengths and intensities agree quite well with the Hartree-Fock calculations. (orig.)

  3. Flow in Au+Au collisions at RHIC

    Science.gov (United States)

    Belt Tonjes, Marguerite; the PHOBOS Collaboration; Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Budzanowski, A.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Heintzelman, G. A.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Katzy, J.; Khan, N.; Kucewicz, W.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; McLeod, D.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Remsberg, L. P.; Reuter, M.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rosenberg, L.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sawicki, P.; Skulski, W.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sukhanov, A.; Tang, J.-L.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Verdier, R.; Wolfs, F. L. H.; Wosiek, B.; Wozniak, K.; Wuosmaa, A. H.; Wysłouch, B.

    2004-08-01

    The study of flow can provide information on the initial state dynamics and the degree of equilibration attained in heavy-ion collisions. This contribution presents results for both elliptic and directed flow as determined from data recorded by the PHOBOS experiment in Au+Au runs at RHIC at \\sqrt{sNN} = 19.6, 130 and 200 GeV. The PHOBOS detector provides a unique coverage in pseudorapidity for measuring flow at RHIC. The systematic dependence of flow on pseudorapidity, transverse momentum, centrality and energy is discussed.

  4. Clément Rosset y la experiencia musical

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olga del Pilar López

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo se centra en una inquietud fundamental: pensar la filosofía musical en Clément Rosset. Para comprender las premisas fundamentales que guían al autor, debemos tener en cuenta su lectura de Schopenhauer, Nietzsche y Jankélévitch, ya que es con estos filósofos-músicos que Rosset elabora su comprensión de la música. Por ello, si es posible reconocer una línea de pensamiento que ligue la filosofía y la música desde el siglo XIX, es necesario a la vez preguntarnos si con Rosset existe una verdadera modificación, o si su escritura se dedica a repetir únicamente los enunciados ya planteados por Nietzsche y Jankélévitch. Este debate es pertinente, ya que Rosset es considerado en Francia como el heredero de una nueva filosofía musical, sin embargo su aporte no aparece muy claro, lo cual nos hace pensar que es la única alternativa que queda frente a la escasez filosófica que sufre el ambiente intelectual parisino. Queremos ver, por tanto, si las reflexiones de Rosset llevan la filosofía musical hacia nuevos territorios o si estamos frente a un silencio que se impone por la incapacidad de filosofar.

  5. Single-crystal LiNi{sub 0.6}Co{sub 0.2}Mn{sub 0.2}O{sub 2} as high performance cathode materials for Li-ion batteries

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wang, Lei [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering, Beijing 100081 (China); Wu, Borong, E-mail: wubr@bit.edu.cn [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering, Beijing 100081 (China); Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Power Battery and Chemical Energy Materials, Beijing 100081 (China); Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing 100081 (China); Mu, Daobin, E-mail: mudb@bit.edu.cn [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering, Beijing 100081 (China); Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Power Battery and Chemical Energy Materials, Beijing 100081 (China); Liu, Xiaojiang [Institute of Electric Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900 (China); Peng, Yiyuan [Key Laboratory of Small Fuctional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022 (China); Xu, Hongliang; Liu, Qi; Gai, Liang [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering, Beijing 100081 (China); Wu, Feng [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering, Beijing 100081 (China); Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Power Battery and Chemical Energy Materials, Beijing 100081 (China); Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing 100081 (China)

    2016-07-25

    Single-crystal nickel-high materials (ST-LNCMO) LiNi{sub 0.6}Co{sub 0.2}Mn{sub 0.2}O{sub 2} have been synthesized using a versatile hydrothermal method. The as-prepared samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The results show that the sample annealed at an optimized temperature of 850 °C reveals uniform fine well-crystallized single-particles with diameters of ~800 nm. Electrochemical data demonstrate that the cell using this nickel-high material as the cathode exhibits excellent performance. The sample displays a high capacity of 183.7 mA h·g{sup −1} at 36 mA·g{sup −1} (0.2 C) and excellent cycling stability at different rates. It yields an initial discharge capacity of 153.6 mA h·g{sup −1} at a rate of 10C-rate and a voltage of 2.8 V – 4.3 V. The sample also has an outstanding rate capacity at a high cut-off voltage (4.6 V). This superior performance is attributed to the merits of the single-crystal structure, which may be beneficial to the transportation of the Li{sup +} ion along the grain. - Highlights: • A single-crystal LiNi{sub 0.6}Co{sub 0.2}Mn{sub 0.2}O{sub 2} is prepared by a hydrothermal method. • A high discharge capacity of 183.7 mA h·g{sup −1} at 0.2 C and good cycling stability. • It yields an initial discharge capacity of 153.6 mA h·g{sup −1} at 10 C-rate under 2.8 V–4.3 V. • Superior electrochemical performance may be obtained attributed to the single-crystal structure.

  6. De l’effritement à l’androgyne : l’image du couple dans le roman québécois contemporain au féminin De l’effritement à l’androgyne : l’image du couple dans le roman québécois contemporain au féminin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Denisa-Adriana Oprea

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available À travers l’analyse d’un corpus de romans québécois contemporains, nous tentons ici de baliser les éléments d’un parcours qui va de l’effritement à l’androgyne. Cette évolution est symptomatique tant de la remise en question du couple qu’engendre le féminisme radical que du passage du féminisme de la deuxième vague au féminisme de la troisième vague. Les romans que nous avons retenus sont Le sexe des étoiles (1987, de Monique Proulx, Copies conformes (1989, de Monique LaRue et la trilogie Soifs de Marie-Claire Blais.À travers l’analyse d’un corpus de romans québécois contemporains, nous tentons ici de baliser les éléments d’un parcours qui va de l’effritement à l’androgyne. Cette évolution est symptomatique tant de la remise en question du couple qu’engendre le féminisme radical que du passage du féminisme de la deuxième vague au féminisme de la troisième vague. Les romans que nous avons retenus sont Le sexe des étoiles1 (1987, de Monique Proulx, Copies conformes2 (1989, de Monique LaRue et la trilogie Soifs3 de Marie-Claire Blais.

  7. Razão, emoção e ação em cena: a mente humana sob um olhar evolucionista

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Angela Donato Oliva

    Full Text Available O conhecimento científico da mente humana tem avançado desde a fundação da Psicologia. Aspectos biológicos e culturais, psicológicos e neurológicos, emocionais e racionais foram privilegiados separadamente em diferentes épocas e perspectivas - a visão de mente foi por vezes focalizada e por vezes relegada à caixa preta da ciência psicológica. Contemporaneamente, assiste-se a buscas de integração entre mente e comportamento humanos. A mente é vista como objeto da ciência e produto da seleção natural na evolução da espécie do Homo sapiens sapiens. Este trabalho visa apresentar uma breve história das principais transformações na concepção da mente, e de modelos evolucionistas de mente que contemplem a razão, a emoção e as ações humanas. Busca-se integrar e discutir as evidências das pesquisas de diversas disciplinas (Antropologia, Etologia, Primatologia, Psicologia, etc oferecendo uma compreensão evolucionista da mente humana, de sua filogênese e ontogênese. Comportamentos cooperativos e competitivos serão discutidos a partir dessas perspectivas.

  8. Le recours aux catégories dans la gestion du choix au cours d’un repas au restaurant

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hugol-Gential Clémentine

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Ce travail, ancré dans le champ de l’Analyse Conversationnelle (Sacks, 1992, s’intéresse à une question centrale à laquelle les clients sont perpétuellement confrontés lors de la prise d’un repas au restaurant : le choix. Plus précisément, nous nous intéressons à son caractère situé et à son déploiement en interaction en nous basant sur un corpus audiovisuel collecté en situation « naturelle » de production, lors de repas au restaurant, afin d’étudier la parole-en-interaction telle qu’elle est localement produite et organisée par les participants (Heath, Hindmarsch & Luff, 2010. Après avoir exposé le lien entre identité et alimentation et la notion de catégorisation telle qu’elle a été développée en Analyse Conversationnelle, nous proposerons deux analyses de séquences de prise de commande pendant lesquelles les choix des clients sont discutés et négociés avec le sommelier ou le serveur. Grâce à des analyses séquentielles basées sur des transcriptions fines, nous soulignerons que les participants à l’interaction manifestent de façon reconnaissable qui ils sont (clients experts, non experts, habitués... afin d’organiser de façon intelligible leurs actions et de permettre à leurs partenaires de s’y ajuster. Nous analyserons finement les catégories utilisées par les participants, et nous décrirons les différents procédés mobilisés afin d’organiser et d’orienter la prise de commande. Ainsi, dans un premier extrait, nous verrons que les clients s’orientent, tout d’abord, vers l’exhibition de leur propre identité, tandis que dans un deuxième extrait, c’est le plat à la carte qui fait l’objet d’une première catégorisation. L’ensemble de ce travail nous permettra de montrer que les catégories sont structurantes pour l’organisation du choix et que leur déploiement séquentiel au cours de l’interaction est constitutif des affiliations ou des désaffiliations lors

  9. SIMA: Semilleros de investigación, Mentes Abiertas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alix Zoraida Bohórquez

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available Los semilleros de Investigación son comunidades de aprendizaje orientados a la sensibilización y reflexión en torno al quehacer investigativo. SIMA, es el Semillero de Investigación del Programa de Enfermería De La Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Planteado en el Plan de Acción de investigación, creado con el fin de desarrollar habilidades afectivas y cognitivas en pro de la formación integral de los estudiantes y profesores interesados en hacer de la investigación una herramienta para el desarrollo personal y profesional, así como del fortalecimiento de la cultura investigativa del programa

  10. Systematic Study on the Self-Assembled Hexagonal Au Voids, Nano-Clusters and Nanoparticles on GaN (0001.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Puran Pandey

    Full Text Available Au nano-clusters and nanoparticles (NPs have been widely utilized in various electronic, optoelectronic, and bio-medical applications due to their great potentials. The size, density and configuration of Au NPs play a vital role in the performance of these devices. In this paper, we present a systematic study on the self-assembled hexagonal Au voids, nano-clusters and NPs fabricated on GaN (0001 by the variation of annealing temperature and deposition amount. At relatively low annealing temperatures between 400 and 600°C, the fabrication of hexagonal shaped Au voids and Au nano-clusters are observed and discussed based on the diffusion limited aggregation model. The size and density of voids and nano-clusters can systematically be controlled. The self-assembled Au NPs are fabricated at comparatively high temperatures from 650 to 800°C based on the Volmer-Weber growth model and also the size and density can be tuned accordingly. The results are symmetrically analyzed and discussed in conjunction with the diffusion theory and thermodynamics by utilizing AFM and SEM images, EDS maps and spectra, FFT power spectra, cross-sectional line-profiles and size and density plots.

  11. Group IB Organometallic Chemistry XXXIII: ArAuPPh3, ArAu(CNR), (ArAu)n and Ar4Cu2Au2 compounds in which the aryl group contains 2-MeO, 2,6-(MeO)2, 2-Me2N, 2-Me2NCH2 and (S)- or (R)-2-Me2NCHMe substituents as potential ligands

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Koten, G. van; Schaap, C.A.; Jastrzebski, J.T.B.H.; Noltes, J.G.

    1980-01-01

    The synthesis and structural characterization by }1{H NMR and }1{}9{}7{Au Mossbauer spectroscopy as well as by chiral labelling of the built-in ligands of three different types of arylgold(I) compounds is described.}1{}9{}7{Au Mossbauer data revealed that the benzyl- and arylgold(I)

  12. Zoltàn Dörnyei, Research Methods in Applied Linguistics

    OpenAIRE

    Marie-Françoise Narcy-Combes

    2012-01-01

    Research Methods in Applied Linguistics est un ouvrage pratique et accessible qui s’adresse en priorité au chercheur débutant et au doctorant en linguistique appliquée et en didactique des langues pour lesquels il représente un accompagnement fort utile. Son style clair et son organisation sans surprise en font une lecture facile et agréable et rendent les différents concepts aisément compréhensibles pour tous. Il présente un bilan de la méthodologie de la recherche en linguistique appliquée,...

  13. 0056suppl.doc

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Tuning the BODIPY Core for its Potential Use in DSSC: A Quantum Chemical Approach. Narendra Nath Ghosha, Md. Habiba, ... Dye. HOMO. LUMO. Donor. п. Acceptor. Anchor. Donor. п. Acceptor. Anchor. FLU-2,6-BOD. CAR-2,6-BOD. 28. 29. 39. 53. 52. 46. 26. 18. 18. 14. 8. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 6. 6. 6. 6. 87. 87. 87. 87. 6. 6. 6. 6.

  14. Coincident measurement between neutron and fragment in reaction sup 1 sup 7 N + sup 1 sup 9 sup 7 Au

    CERN Document Server

    Li Xiang Qing; Jiang Dong Xing; Ye Yan Lin; Chen Tao; Li Zhi Huan; Ge Yuch Eng; Wang Quan Jin; Wu He Yu; Jin Ge; Duan Li Min; Xiao Zhi Gang; Wang Hong Wei; Li Zu Yu; Wang Su Fang

    2002-01-01

    In the reaction induced by 33.4 MeV/u sup 1 sup 7 N beam on sup 1 sup 9 sup 7 Au, the coincident measurement between neutron and fragment was performed with the different combinations of 16 neutron detectors at 4 degree-83 degree and 14 telescopes at 2.3 degree - 9.0 degree. Integrating the measured angular distributions of the different isotopes, the isotopic yield distributions of Z = 3-6 elements are obtained. Based on the Abrasion-ablation model, isotopic yield distributions are calculated using different density distributions for the projectile sup 1 sup 7 N and compared with the experiment data

  15. Effect of rapid thermal annealing on the composition of Au/Ti/Al/Ti ohmic contacts for GaN-based microdevices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Redondo-Cubero, A.; Ynsa, M.D.; Romero, M.F.; Alves, L.C.; Muñoz, E.

    2013-01-01

    The homogeneity of Au/Ti/Al/Ti ohmic contacts for AlGaN/GaN devices was analyzed as a function of the thickness of the Ti barrier (30 nm 50 nm, although several compositional deficiencies were identified in the distribution maps obtained with the ion microprobe, including the formation of craters. A clear interplay between Ti and Au was found, suggesting the relevance of lateral flows during the rapid thermal annealing

  16. Production of φ mesons in central Si + Au collisions at 14.6 A·GeV/c

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, Yufeng

    1993-01-01

    The production of φ mesons from, central Si + Au collisions has been measured by E859 at the BNL-AGS by selecting events with identified K + K - pairs. The values for the mass and width of the φ obtained from the invariant mass of the kaon pairs are consistent with those of the Particle Data Book. Preliminary results for the invariant 1/2πm T d 2 n/dm T dy distribution and dN/dy are presented

  17. K politickému programu Kramářových národních demokratů

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pehr, Michal

    2009-01-01

    Roč. 17, Suppl. 2 (2009), s. 519-530 ISSN 1210-6860. [Karel Kramář (1860-1937). Praha, 31.10.2007-02.11.2007] Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z70900502 Keywords : Kramář, Karel * Czechoslovakia * politics Subject RIV: AB - History

  18. Au-delà de la relation « bourreau-victime » dans l’analyse d’une situation de harcèlement psychologique au travail

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michel Vézina

    2005-11-01

    Full Text Available Des dispositions législatives ont été adoptées dans plusieurs pays, afin de contrer le harcèlement psychologique au travail. Même s’il est souvent nécessaire, d’un point de vue juridique, que les mesures portent sur la protection individuelle des victimes, on ne peut penser endiguer ce fléau en ne s’appuyant que sur une approche centrée sur l’individu. Aussi, au-delà d’une approche « bourreau-victime » à courte vue, la prévention véritable du harcèlement psychologique au travail passe-t-elle par l’analyse et l’élimination des facteurs organisationnels et des éléments culturels qui constituent un terreau fertile ou propice à l’émergence de comportements violents entre membres d’une même organisation de travail. Ces facteurs sont notamment l’intensification du travail, la faiblesse de l’autorité hiérarchique et la précarisation du lien d’emploi, de même que la banalisation ou la négation du phénomène, la tolérance aux incivilités et l’iniquité ou l’injustice en milieu de travail. À l’instar de la technique de l’arbre des causes utilisée dans l’investigation d’un accident de travail, les intervenants confrontés à une situation de harcèlement psychologique au travail sont invités à adopter une approche qui va au-delà des évidences premières, pour s’attaquer aux causes plus indirectes du phénomène, soit les lacunes dans le système de gestion.Legislation has been adopted in several countries to counter psychological harassment in the workplace. Even if it is often necessary, from a legal standpoint, that the means involve the personal protection of victims, more than a person-centred approach must be considered for stopping this wrong. Also, beyond a « bully-victim » approach, in the short view, real prevention of workplace psychological harassment is achieved by analyzing and eliminating organizational factors and cultural aspects that constitute a fertile

  19. Measurement of D^{0} Azimuthal Anisotropy at Midrapidity in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L; Adkins, J K; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, M M; Ahammed, Z; Ajitanand, N N; Alekseev, I; Anderson, D M; Aoyama, R; Aparin, A; Arkhipkin, D; Aschenauer, E C; Ashraf, M U; Attri, A; Averichev, G S; Bai, X; Bairathi, V; Behera, A; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bhati, A K; Bhattarai, P; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, L C; Bordyuzhin, I G; Bouchet, J; Brandenburg, J D; Brandin, A V; Brown, D; Bunzarov, I; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M; Campbell, J M; Cebra, D; Chakaberia, I; Chaloupka, P; Chang, Z; Chankova-Bunzarova, N; Chatterjee, A; Chattopadhyay, S; Chen, X; Chen, J H; Chen, X; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Christie, W; Contin, G; Crawford, H J; Das, S; De Silva, L C; Debbe, R R; Dedovich, T G; Deng, J; Derevschikov, A A; Didenko, L; Dilks, C; Dong, X; Drachenberg, J L; Draper, J E; Dunkelberger, L E; Dunlop, J C; Efimov, L G; Elsey, N; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Esha, R; Esumi, S; Evdokimov, O; Ewigleben, J; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Federic, P; Federicova, P; Fedorisin, J; Feng, Z; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Flores, C E; Fulek, L; Gagliardi, C A; Garand, D; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Girard, M; Greiner, L; Grosnick, D; Gunarathne, D S; Guo, Y; Gupta, A; Gupta, S; Guryn, W; Hamad, A I; Hamed, A; Harlenderova, A; Harris, J W; He, L; Heppelmann, S; Heppelmann, S; Hirsch, A; Hoffmann, G W; Horvat, S; Huang, T; Huang, B; Huang, X; Huang, H Z; Humanic, T J; Huo, P; Igo, G; Jacobs, W W; Jentsch, A; Jia, J; Jiang, K; Jowzaee, S; Judd, E G; Kabana, S; Kalinkin, D; Kang, K; Kauder, K; Ke, H W; Keane, D; Kechechyan, A; Khan, Z; Kikoła, D P; Kisel, I; Kisiel, A; Kochenda, L; Kocmanek, M; Kollegger, T; Kosarzewski, L K; Kraishan, A F; Kravtsov, P; Krueger, K; Kulathunga, N; Kumar, L; Kvapil, J; Kwasizur, J H; Lacey, R; Landgraf, J M; Landry, K D; Lauret, J; Lebedev, A; Lednicky, R; Lee, J H; Li, X; Li, C; Li, W; Li, Y; Lidrych, J; Lin, T; Lisa, M A; Liu, H; Liu, P; Liu, Y; Liu, F; Ljubicic, T; Llope, W J; Lomnitz, M; Longacre, R S; Luo, S; Luo, X; Ma, G L; Ma, L; Ma, Y G; Ma, R; Magdy, N; Majka, R; Mallick, D; Margetis, S; Markert, C; Matis, H S; Meehan, K; Mei, J C; Miller, Z W; Minaev, N G; Mioduszewski, S; Mishra, D; Mizuno, S; Mohanty, B; Mondal, M M; Morozov, D A; Mustafa, M K; Nasim, Md; Nayak, T K; Nelson, J M; Nie, M; Nigmatkulov, G; Niida, T; Nogach, L V; Nonaka, T; Nurushev, S B; Odyniec, G; Ogawa, A; Oh, K; Okorokov, V A; Olvitt, D; Page, B S; Pak, R; Pandit, Y; Panebratsev, Y; Pawlik, B; Pei, H; Perkins, C; Pile, P; Pluta, J; Poniatowska, K; Porter, J; Posik, M; Poskanzer, A M; Pruthi, N K; Przybycien, M; Putschke, J; Qiu, H; Quintero, A; Ramachandran, S; Ray, R L; Reed, R; Rehbein, M J; Ritter, H G; Roberts, J B; Rogachevskiy, O V; Romero, J L; Roth, J D; Ruan, L; Rusnak, J; Rusnakova, O; Sahoo, N R; Sahu, P K; Salur, S; Sandweiss, J; Saur, M; Schambach, J; Schmah, A M; Schmidke, W B; Schmitz, N; Schweid, B R; Seger, J; Sergeeva, M; Seyboth, P; Shah, N; Shahaliev, E; Shanmuganathan, P V; Shao, M; Sharma, A; Sharma, M K; Shen, W Q; Shi, Z; Shi, S S; Shou, Q Y; Sichtermann, E P; Sikora, R; Simko, M; Singha, S; Skoby, M J; Smirnov, N; Smirnov, D; Solyst, W; Song, L; Sorensen, P; Spinka, H M; Srivastava, B; Stanislaus, T D S; Strikhanov, M; Stringfellow, B; Sugiura, T; Sumbera, M; Summa, B; Sun, Y; Sun, X M; Sun, X; Surrow, B; Svirida, D N; Szelezniak, M A; Tang, A H; Tang, Z; Taranenko, A; Tarnowsky, T; Tawfik, A; Thäder, J; Thomas, J H; Timmins, A R; Tlusty, D; Todoroki, T; Tokarev, M; Trentalange, S; Tribble, R E; Tribedy, P; Tripathy, S K; Trzeciak, B A; Tsai, O D; Ullrich, T; Underwood, D G; Upsal, I; Van Buren, G; van Nieuwenhuizen, G; Vasiliev, A N; Videbæk, F; Vokal, S; Voloshin, S A; Vossen, A; Wang, G; Wang, Y; Wang, F; Wang, Y; Webb, J C; Webb, G; Wen, L; Westfall, G D; Wieman, H; Wissink, S W; Witt, R; Wu, Y; Xiao, Z G; Xie, W; Xie, G; Xu, J; Xu, N; Xu, Q H; Xu, Y F; Xu, Z; Yang, Y; Yang, Q; Yang, C; Yang, S; Ye, Z; Ye, Z; Yi, L; Yip, K; Yoo, I-K; Yu, N; Zbroszczyk, H; Zha, W; Zhang, Z; Zhang, X P; Zhang, J B; Zhang, S; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y; Zhang, J; Zhang, S; Zhao, J; Zhong, C; Zhou, L; Zhou, C; Zhu, X; Zhu, Z; Zyzak, M

    2017-05-26

    We report the first measurement of the elliptic anisotropy (v_{2}) of the charm meson D^{0} at midrapidity (|y|<1) in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV. The measurement was conducted by the STAR experiment at RHIC utilizing a new high-resolution silicon tracker. The measured D^{0} v_{2} in 0%-80% centrality Au+Au collisions can be described by a viscous hydrodynamic calculation for a transverse momentum (p_{T}) of less than 4  GeV/c. The D^{0} v_{2} as a function of transverse kinetic energy (m_{T}-m_{0}, where m_{T}=sqrt[p_{T}^{2}+m_{0}^{2}]) is consistent with that of light mesons in 10%-40% centrality Au+Au collisions. These results suggest that charm quarks have achieved local thermal equilibrium with the medium created in such collisions. Several theoretical models, with the temperature-dependent, dimensionless charm spatial diffusion coefficient (2πTD_{s}) in the range of ∼2-12, are able to simultaneously reproduce our D^{0} v_{2} result and our previously published results for the D^{0} nuclear modification factor.

  20. Centrality and collision system dependence of antiproton production from p+A to Au+Au collisions at AGS energies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sako, H.; Ahle, L.; Akiba, Y.

    1997-12-01

    Antiproton production in heavy ion collisions reflects subtle interplay between initial production and absorption by nucleons. Because the AGS energies (10--20 A·GeV/c) are close to the antiproton production threshold, antiproton may be sensitive to cooperative processes such as QGP and hadronic multi-step processes. On the other hand, antiproton has been proposed as a probe of baryon density due to large N anti N annihilation cross sections. Cascade models predict the maximum baryon density reaches about 10 times the normal nucleus density in central Au+Au collisions, where the strong antiproton absorption is expected. In this paper, the authors show systematic studies of antiproton production from p+A to Au+Au collisions

  1. Droits des femmes et accès à la terre aunégal : une citoyenneté ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Incidence de l'accès des femmes au foncier dans le développement local : le cas des femmes du GIE Seydy Ababacar Sy de Ross Bethio dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal. Download PDF. Papers. Plaquette de présentation du projet Droits des femmes et accès au foncier : une citoyenneté à conquérir. Download PDF.

  2. Relativité générale avancée

    OpenAIRE

    Linet , Bernard

    2006-01-01

    0. Table des matières1. Observateurs, espaces-temps et lois de la dynamique2. Théorie de Newton de la gravitation3. Eléments de calcul tensoriel en espace affine4. Eléments de géométrie différentielle d'une variété5. Théories métriques de la gravitation6. Théorie d'Einstein de la gravitation ou relativité générale7. Corps massif et trou de ver statiques et à symétrie sphérique8. Effondrement gravitationnel et trou noir à symétrie sphérique9. Généralités sur les trous noirs10. Théorie linéaris...

  3. Neuronas Espejo y Teoría de la Mente en la explicación de la empatía

    OpenAIRE

    García García, Emilio; González Marqués, Javier; Maestú Unturbe, Fernando

    2011-01-01

    La empatía es la capacidad de una persona para vivenciar los pensamientos y sentimientos de los otros, reaccionando adecuadamente. Diferenciamos en la empatía dos componentes: cognitivo y emocional. El componente cognitivo comprende los pensamientos y sentimientos del otro. El componente afectivo comparte el estado emocional de otra persona. Comentamos dos teorías para explicar la empatía: las neuronas espejo y la Teoría de la Mente. Las neuronas espejo son un tipo particular de neuronas que ...

  4. Estelle Freyermuth, L'éducation musicale des filles à Strasbourg au XIXe siècle

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Estelle Freyermuth

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available Parent pauvre de l'histoire de l'éducation des filles, l'histoire de l'enseignement musical dissimule une véritable corne d'abondance pour le chercheur. Entre leçons de musique forcées, cours de chant dans les écoles, répétitions plus ou moins assidues, auditions privées ou publiques, la musique faisait partie intégrante de l'éducation des filles. Cette étude se consacre aux jeunes filles de la bourgeoisie, couche sociale au sein de laquelle les arts d'agrément étaient cultivés avec le plus d...

  5. Teoria da mente e compreensão das emoções: um estudo comparativo com alunos do ensino fundamental

    OpenAIRE

    Ribas, Deyse Aparecida

    2011-01-01

    A teoria da mente, entendimento que as crianças elaboram acerca da mente, incluindo-se emoções, intenções, desejos e crenças, permite predizer o comportamento e formular o entendimento do mundo social. A compreensão das emoções, um dos aspectos constituintes da teoria da mente, também influencia o conhecimento sociocognitivo e parece estar intimamente ligada à trajetória de desenvolvimento social e ao ajustamento escolar. Tal constatação leva a indagar sobre como se daria a compreensão das em...

  6. Conflit foncier, reconfiguration territoriale et valeurs de la terre dans les montagnes de Cahabón (Guatemala)

    OpenAIRE

    Bergeret, Agnès

    2016-01-01

    Les montagnes tropicales de Cahabón (municipe du nord-est du Guatemala) ont connu en un demi-siècle une transformation radicale de leur configuration foncière et agricole. Les récits des acteurs locaux conduisent à étudier un conflit pour la terre très violent, dont les racines sont à chercher dans le dispositif du colonage construit à partir de la fin du XIXe siècle. Ils apportent des éléments complémentaires à la compréhension de la guerre interne guatémaltèque (1960-1996), souvent lue au t...

  7. Le corporatisme agrarien au Maroc La trajectoire de l’Union marocaine de l’agriculture

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thierry Desrues

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Le secteur agricole a joué un rôle très important au Maroc durant le long règne d’Hassan II. La politique agricole a reflété les rapports de forces politiques et la capacité des élites agricoles alliées au Trône pour influencer les processus de décision. Cependant, les orientations traditionnelles de cette politique ont été remises en cause, depuis la fin des années quatre-vingt, par la libéralisation du commerce international et les contraintes financières du pays. Dans cet article, nous proposons d’apporter des éléments d’information sur l’évolution de cette politique et l’articulation des intérêts agricoles à travers le prisme de la trajectoire de l’Union Marocaine de l’Agriculture (UMA. Cette organisation professionnelle a prétendu, depuis sa constitution en 1958, au monopole de la représentation des intérêts des agriculteurs marocains, et donc du monde rural. Ce faisant, l’UMA a longtemps joué le rôle d’un véritable lobby agraire au sein des différentes institutions du royaume. Cependant, elle semble avoir perdu sa fonctionnalité à la fin des années quatre-vingt-dix, son rôle et son avenir étant depuis lors entourés d’incertitude.

  8. Les effets musculaires de la vitamine D : application à la perte musculaire liée à l’âge

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Walrand Stéphane

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Au-delà de ses rôles biologiques classiques sur la santé osseuse, les effets extra-squelettiques de la vitamine D font actuellement l’objet de nombreuses recherches. La présence du récepteur de la vitamine D dans la plupart des tissus de l’organisme vient d’ailleurs renforcer l’argument en faveur de ses fonctions multiples. Parmi celles-ci, l’effet de la vitamine D sur la masse et les performances musculaires a été longtemps pressenti. En effet, dans la Grèce Antique, Hérodote recommandait le soleil comme un remède pour les « muscles faibles et mous », et les anciens Olympiens recevaient l’ordre de se coucher exposés aux rayons du soleil pour améliorer leurs performances physiques. En 1952, Spellerberg, un physiologiste du sport, a réalisé une vaste étude portant sur les effets de l’irradiation UV sur les performances d’athlètes de haut niveau. Suite aux résultats positifs de cette investigation, ce scientifique dû informer le Comité Olympique que l’irradiation UV présentait un effet « convaincant » sur la performance physique et les capacités motrices. Ces données sont conformes à de nombreuses études postérieures signalant une amélioration des aptitudes physiques, de la vitesse et de l’endurance chez des sujets jeunes traités par des UV ou par des suppléments contenant de la vitamine D. Des observations complémentaires font état d’un effet significatif sur la force musculaire, en particulier au niveau des membres inférieurs. Concernant les mécanismes mis en jeu, certaines études fondamentales récentes ont montré que la vitamine D exerce des effets moléculaires au sein de la cellule musculaire. Précisément, une action régulatrice de la vitamine D sur les flux de calcium, l’homéostasie minérale et certaines voies de signalisation contrôlant l’anabolisme protéique a été rapportée au niveau du tissu musculaire. Plusieurs enquêtes épidémiologiques révèlent qu

  9. Etude de l'anémie chez les enfants séropositifs au VIH naïfs au traitement antirétroviral à Lubumbashi, République Démocratique du Congo

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mwadianvita, Costa Kazadi; Ilunga, Eric Kasamba; Djouma, Jackson; Wembonyama, Cecile Watu; Mutomb, Florence Mujing A; Ekwalanga, Michel Balaka; Kabongo, Joe; Mundongo, Henri; Mupoya, Kalombo; Wembonyama, Stanis; Kalenga Mwenze, Prosper; Nkoy, Albert Mwembo-Tambwe A

    2014-01-01

    Introduction Beaucoup d'enfants infectés par le VIH arrivent à la consultation dans un état d'anémie. Notre objectif était d’évaluer la prévalence et le typage de l'anémie chez ces enfants. Méthodes C'est une étude transversale réalisée dans 3 centres de prise en charge des Personnes Vivant avec le VIH à Lubumbashi de Mai 2010 à Mai 2011. La population d’étude était de 152 enfants, âgés de 6 à 180 mois, naïfs au traitement antirétroviral. Les statistiques descriptives usuelles ont été utilisées. Résultats La prévalence globale de l'anémie (définie comme l'hémoglobine < 11g/dl) était de 69,1% (n=105) et 11,4% avaient une anémie sévère (Hg < 7,0 g/dl). Parmi eux, 16% ont été transfusés au moins 1 fois. L'anémie sévère était positivement associée au stade clinique de la maladie (p=0,02). L'anémie microcytaire était majoritaire dans les deux tranches d’âge. Elle était plus hypochrome chez les enfants en âge préscolaire soit 9,5% et plus normochrome en âge scolaire soit 15,2%. L'anémie normocytaire était plus normochrome dans les deux tranches d’âge soit 12,4% en âge préscolaire et 6,7% en âge scolaire. L'anémie macrocytaire était rare. Conclusion Environ sept enfants sur dix, âgés de moins de 15 ans infectés par le VIH naïfs au traitement antirétroviral dans notre milieu sont anémiques. L'anémie est corrélée à la sévérité de la maladie. Il est important d'associer une prise en charge nutritionnelle et corriger l'anémie avant une trithérapie antirétrovirale. PMID:25018796

  10. Desarrolle una Mente Creativa y Consiga Nuevas Ideas para su Negocio

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jhonny Poveda Mora

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Si bien es cierto, la decisión de arrancar un negocioes difícil de tomar, pero lo es más la generación de laidea de negocio. Por lo tanto, no es suficiente contar contodos los recursos necesarios como: capital, maquinaria ymateriales si estos no se sustentan en una buena idea que lede oportunidad de éxito a la nueva actividad; pero el procesono se detiene ahí, se requiere constantemente el usode nuestra creatividad para resolver los distintos asuntos queconlleva la administración de nuestra empresa. A pesar deque muchas veces intentamos idear cosas nuevas, nuestrocerebro se rehúsa a darnos la formula mágica y esto por dosrazones fundamentales: la vida diaria no nos exige gran nivelde creatividad pues casi todo está dado para facilitarnos laexistencia y la segunda razón es que los moldes tradicionales,en los cuales fuimos formados, han creado en nosotroslimitantes mentales que inhiben nuestro pensamiento. Pensarque sólo hay una respuesta correcta, seguir siempre lalógica o el temor a hacer el ridículo son algunos de muchoslimitantes que vienen a nuestra mente todos los días. Pero notodo está perdido, la práctica de una actitud diferente nospuede ayudar a fomentar la innovación en nuestra vida: eldivertirse, pensar como niño, plantearse nuevos objetivos sinimportar los recursos existentes en ese momento, aumentarla curiosidad y arriesgarse de vez en cuando, permitirán revertirla formación inadecuada de nuestra mente y lograríamosincorporar la creatividad en nuestras vidas y, lo que esmás importante, exteriorizarla.   ABSTRACT Although the decision to start a new business is hard tomake, it is harder to generate the business idea. Therefore, it isnot enough to have all the necessary resources such as capital,machines and materials, if they are no supported by a goodidea that will provide the new enterprise with an opportunityto succeed. But the creation process does not stop there; itis necessary to constantly use creativity

  11. Sun light mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles as carrier for 6-mercaptopurine: Preparation, characterization and toxicity studies in zebrafish embryo model

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ganeshkumar, Moorthy [Department of Biochemistry, Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chennai 600020 (India); Sastry, Thotapalli Parvathaleswara [Bioproducts Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020 (India); Sathish Kumar, Muniram [Department of Pharmaceutics, Anna University, Trichy, Tamilnadu (India); Dinesh, Murugan Girija [Thanthai Hansroever College, Perambalur, Tamilnadu (India); Kannappan, Sudalyandi [Central Institute of Brackish Water Aquaculture, Chennai 600028 (India); Suguna, Lonchin, E-mail: slonchin@yahoo.co.uk [Department of Biochemistry, Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chennai 600020 (India)

    2012-09-15

    Highlights: ► Gold nanoparticles prepared using eco-friendly method with good in vitro stability. ► Can be used as drug delivery system. ► Did not show any toxicity in zebrafish embryo. ► More toxic to cancer cells when compared to N-Au-Mp and Mp. -- Abstract: The objective of this study is to synthesize green chemistry based gold nanoparticles by sun light irradiation method. The prepared gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were modified using folic acid and then coupled with 6-mercaptopurine. These modified nanoparticles were used as a tool for targeted drug delivery to treat laryngeal cancer. In the present study, novel bionanocomposites containing nutrient agar coated gold nano particles (N-AuNPs) coupled with 6-mercaptopurine (drug) (N-AuNPs-Mp), folic acid (ligand) (N-AuNPs-Mp-Fa) and rhodamine (dye) (N-AuNPs-Rd), a fluorescent agent, were prepared and characterized by IR, UV, TEM, Particle size analysis and in vitro stability. The toxicity and fluorescence of N-Au was studied using zebrafish embryo model. The in vitro cytotoxicity of free Mp, N-Au-Mp and N-Au-Mp-Fa against HEp-2 cells was compared and found that the amount of Mp required to achieve 50% of growth of inhibition (IC{sub 50}) was much lower in N-Au-Mp-Fa than in free Mp and N-Au-Mp.

  12. Sun light mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles as carrier for 6-mercaptopurine: Preparation, characterization and toxicity studies in zebrafish embryo model

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ganeshkumar, Moorthy; Sastry, Thotapalli Parvathaleswara; Sathish Kumar, Muniram; Dinesh, Murugan Girija; Kannappan, Sudalyandi; Suguna, Lonchin

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► Gold nanoparticles prepared using eco-friendly method with good in vitro stability. ► Can be used as drug delivery system. ► Did not show any toxicity in zebrafish embryo. ► More toxic to cancer cells when compared to N-Au-Mp and Mp. -- Abstract: The objective of this study is to synthesize green chemistry based gold nanoparticles by sun light irradiation method. The prepared gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were modified using folic acid and then coupled with 6-mercaptopurine. These modified nanoparticles were used as a tool for targeted drug delivery to treat laryngeal cancer. In the present study, novel bionanocomposites containing nutrient agar coated gold nano particles (N-AuNPs) coupled with 6-mercaptopurine (drug) (N-AuNPs-Mp), folic acid (ligand) (N-AuNPs-Mp-Fa) and rhodamine (dye) (N-AuNPs-Rd), a fluorescent agent, were prepared and characterized by IR, UV, TEM, Particle size analysis and in vitro stability. The toxicity and fluorescence of N-Au was studied using zebrafish embryo model. The in vitro cytotoxicity of free Mp, N-Au-Mp and N-Au-Mp-Fa against HEp-2 cells was compared and found that the amount of Mp required to achieve 50% of growth of inhibition (IC 50 ) was much lower in N-Au-Mp-Fa than in free Mp and N-Au-Mp.

  13. Développement d'une approche couplée Automates Cellulaires - Eléments Finis pour la modélisation du développement des structures de grains en soudage TIG

    OpenAIRE

    Chen , Shijia; Guillemot , Gildas; Gandin , Charles-André

    2013-01-01

    Dans le domaine du soudage, les propriétés finales du cordon sont fortement liées à la structure de grains développée au cours des procédés de fusion / resolidification. La maîtrise des propriétés de l'assemblage final passe ainsi par une amélioration de la connaissance de sa structure de ce domaine. Dans cet objectif, un modèle couplé Automates Cellulaires – Eléments Finis est proposé pour simuler le développement, en volume, de cette structure, dans le cadre du soudage TIG. Ce modèle est ap...

  14. Validation of absolute axial neutron flux distribution calculations with MCNP with 197Au(n,γ)198Au reaction rate distribution measurements at the JSI TRIGA Mark II reactor.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Radulović, Vladimir; Štancar, Žiga; Snoj, Luka; Trkov, Andrej

    2014-02-01

    The calculation of axial neutron flux distributions with the MCNP code at the JSI TRIGA Mark II reactor has been validated with experimental measurements of the (197)Au(n,γ)(198)Au reaction rate. The calculated absolute reaction rate values, scaled according to the reactor power and corrected for the flux redistribution effect, are in good agreement with the experimental results. The effect of different cross-section libraries on the calculations has been investigated and shown to be minor. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  15. Effets des biomasses vertes de Tithonia diversifolia et des engrais ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    même dans les sols peu fertiles (McKey et al.,. 2012 ; Temegne et al., 2015). Cependant, il peut aussi produire beaucoup plus lorsqu'il est cultivé avec un supplément judicieux d'engrais. La fertilisation minérale conventionnelle est incompatible avec le contexte économique du paysan camerounais du fait du coût élevé des ...

  16. Synthesis, crystal structure and photoluminescence of a new Eu-doped Sr containing sialon (Sr{sub 0.94}Eu{sub 0.06})(Al{sub 0.3}Si{sub 0.7}){sub 4}(N{sub 0.8}O{sub 0.2}){sub 6}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yamane, Hisanori, E-mail: yamane@tagen.tohoku.ac.jp [Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Shimooka, Satoshi; Uheda, Kyota [Mitsubishi Chemical Group, Science and Technology Research Center, Inc. 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama 227-8502 (Japan)

    2012-06-15

    Colorless transparent platelet single crystals of a novel Eu{sup 2+}-doped strontium silicon aluminum oxynitride, (Sr{sub 0.94}Eu{sub 0.06})(Al{sub 0.3}Si{sub 0.7}){sub 4}(N{sub 0.8}O{sub 0.2}){sub 6}, were prepared at 1800 Degree-Sign C and 0.92 MPa of N{sub 2}. Fundamental reflections of electron and X-ray diffraction of the crystals were indexed with a face-centered orthorhombic unit cell (a=5.8061(5) A, b=37.762(3) A, c=9.5936(9) A). Diffuse streaks elongated in the b-axis direction were observed around the fundamental reflections hkl with h=2n+1 of the electron and X-ray diffraction, indicating stacking faults of (0 1 0)[1 0 0]/2. A crystal structure model without the stacking faults was obtained using the X-ray diffraction data of the fundamental reflections with the space group Fdd2. A SiN{sub 4}-tetrahedron double layer of [SiN{sub 2}]{sub 2} and a Sr/Eu double layer of [(Sr{sub 0.94}Eu{sub 0.06})Al{sub 1.2}Si{sub 0.8}N{sub 0.8} O{sub 1.2}]{sub 2} are stacked alternately along the b-axis direction. The title compound showed an emission with a peak wavelength of 490 nm under 334 nm excitation at room temperature. - Graphical abstract: Single crystals of a novel Eu{sup 2+}-doped strontium silicon aluminum oxynitride, (Sr{sub 0.94}Eu{sub 0.06})(Al{sub 0.3}Si{sub 0.7}){sub 4}(N{sub 0.8}O{sub 0.2}){sub 6}, having stacking faults on the (0 1 0) plane of an orthorhombic cell, were prepared at 1800 Degree-Sign C and 0.92 MPa of N{sub 2}. The compound showed emission with a peak wavelength of 490 nm under 334 nm excitation at room temperature. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A new compound Eu{sup 2+}-doped (Sr{sub 0.94}Eu{sub 0.06})(Al{sub 0.3}Si{sub 0.7}){sub 4}(N{sub 0.8}O{sub 0.2}){sub 6} was prepared. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Stacking faults in the compound were clarified by electron and X-ray diffraction. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A basic crystal structure model was obtained based on the X-ray diffraction data. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer An

  17. Frequency Dependent Electrical and Dielectric Properties of Au/P3HT:PCBM:F4-TCNQ/n-Si Schottky Barrier Diode

    Science.gov (United States)

    Taşçıoğlu, İ.; Tüzün Özmen, Ö.; Şağban, H. M.; Yağlıoğlu, E.; Altındal, Ş.

    2017-04-01

    In this study, poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester: 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (P3HT:PCBM:F4-TCNQ) organic film was deposited on n-type silicon (n-Si) substrate by spin coating method. The electrical and dielectric analysis of Au/P3HT:PCBM:F4-TCNQ/n-Si Schottky barrier diode was conducted by means of capacitance-voltage ( C- V) and conductance-voltage ( G/ ω- V) measurements in the frequency range of 10 kHz-2 MHz. The C- V- f plots exhibit fairly large frequency dispersion due to excess capacitance caused by the presence of interface states ( N ss). The values of N ss located in semiconductor bandgap at the organic film/semiconductor interface were calculated by Hill-Coleman method. Experimental results show that dielectric constant ( ɛ') and dielectric loss ( ɛ″) decrease with increasing frequency, whereas loss tangent (tan δ) remains nearly the same. The decrease in ɛ' and ɛ″ was interpreted by the theory of dielectric relaxation due to interfacial polarization. It is also observed that ac electrical conductivity ( σ ac) and electric modulus ( M' and M″) increase with increasing frequency.

  18. Observations of high spin states in {sup 179}Au

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Carpenter, M.P.; Ahmad, I.; Blumenthal, D.J. [and others

    1995-08-01

    As part of a current study on the properties of the {pi} i{sub 13/2} intruder state in the A = 175-190 region, we conducted an experiment at ATLAS to observe high spin states in {sup 179}Au utilizing the reaction {sup 144}Sm({sup 40}Ar,p4n) at beam energies of 207 MeV and 215 MeV. To aid in the identification of {sup 179}Au, and to filter out the large amount of events from fission by-products, the Fragment Mass Analyzer was utilized in conjunction with ten Compton-suppression germanium detectors. In total, 11 x 10{sup 6} {gamma}-{gamma} and 4 x 10{sup 5} {gamma}-recoil events were collected. By comparing {gamma}-rays in coincidence with an A = 179 recoil mass gate and {gamma}-rays in coincidence with Au K{alpha} and K{beta} X-rays, ten {gamma}-rays were identified as belonging to {sup 179}Au. Based on {gamma}-ray coincidence relationships and on comparisons with neighboring odd-A Au nuclei, we constructed a tentative level scheme and assigned a rotational-like sequence to the {pi} i{sub 13/2} proton configuration.

  19. La légalisation du cannabis au Canada: Les défis politiques

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Line Beauchesne

    Full Text Available Résumé Le gouvernement libéral du Canada élu majoritaire le 19 octobre 2015 avait dans ses promesses électorales la légalisation du cannabis. Il tiendra parole. Un Document de discussion fut publié en juin 2016 donnant les assises au Groupe de Travail sur la Légalisation et la Réglementation du Cannabis qui a rendu son rapport le 30 novembre 2016. Ce rapport, a expliqué le gouvernement, sera un des outils pour élaborer son cadre législatif et servira de base aux discussions avec les provinces et territoires, de même que les experts qui auront à gérer ce cadre réglementaire. Dans cet article, nous verrons les principaux défis politiques qui attendent le gouvernement dans ces discussions avec les provinces et territoires, de même que les experts, considérant les questions posées sur les cinq aspects de la réglementation dans le Document de discussion. Pour identifier ces défis, en plus des apprentissages retenus par les études sur la situation au Colorado et à Washington, se grefferont les apprentissages des études quant à la gestion actuelle des drogues légales. En premier lieu sont exposés les défis liés à l’arrivée même de cette loi, puis ceux qui touchent à l’objectif de santé publique, au système de production, de transformation et de distribution, au contrôle du cadre réglementaire, et enfin, à la question plus spécifique du cannabis à des fins thérapeutiques. Nous verrons pourquoi l’application de cette loi sera complexe, coûteuse et pourra aisément dévier des objectifs de départ. Une surveillance à court et à long terme sera nécessaire pour s’assurer que les différents niveaux de gouvernement conservent la primauté de la santé publique et considèrent l’usage du pénal en dernier recours.

  20. Dijet imbalance measurements in Au+Au and pp collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV at STAR.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L; Adkins, J K; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, M M; Ahammed, Z; Alekseev, I; Anderson, D M; Aoyama, R; Aparin, A; Arkhipkin, D; Aschenauer, E C; Ashraf, M U; Attri, A; Averichev, G S; Bai, X; Bairathi, V; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bhati, A K; Bhattarai, P; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, L C; Bordyuzhin, I G; Bouchet, J; Brandenburg, J D; Brandin, A V; Brown, D; Bunzarov, I; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M; Campbell, J M; Cebra, D; Chakaberia, I; Chaloupka, P; Chang, Z; Chatterjee, A; Chattopadhyay, S; Chen, J H; Chen, X; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Christie, W; Contin, G; Crawford, H J; Das, S; De Silva, L C; Debbe, R R; Dedovich, T G; Deng, J; Derevschikov, A A; Didenko, L; Dilks, C; Dong, X; Drachenberg, J L; Draper, J E; Du, C M; Dunkelberger, L E; Dunlop, J C; Efimov, L G; Elsey, N; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Esha, R; Esumi, S; Evdokimov, O; Ewigleben, J; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Federic, P; Fedorisin, J; Feng, Z; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Flores, C E; Fulek, L; Gagliardi, C A; Garand, D; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Girard, M; Greiner, L; Grosnick, D; Gunarathne, D S; Guo, Y; Gupta, A; Gupta, S; Guryn, W; Hamad, A I; Hamed, A; Haque, R; Harris, J W; He, L; Heppelmann, S; Heppelmann, S; Hirsch, A; Hoffmann, G W; Horvat, S; Huang, X; Huang, B; Huang, H Z; Huang, T; Huck, P; Humanic, T J; Igo, G; Jacobs, W W; Jentsch, A; Jia, J; Jiang, K; Jowzaee, S; Judd, E G; Kabana, S; Kalinkin, D; Kang, K; Kauder, K; Ke, H W; Keane, D; Kechechyan, A; Khan, Z; Kikoła, D P; Kisel, I; Kisiel, A; Kochenda, L; Koetke, D D; Kosarzewski, L K; Kraishan, A F; Kravtsov, P; Krueger, K; Kumar, L; Lamont, M A C; Landgraf, J M; Landry, K D; Lauret, J; Lebedev, A; Lednicky, R; Lee, J H; Li, W; Li, X; Li, X; Li, Y; Li, C; Lin, T; Lisa, M A; Liu, Y; Liu, F; Ljubicic, T; Llope, W J; Lomnitz, M; Longacre, R S; Luo, X; Luo, S; Ma, G L; Ma, L; Ma, R; Ma, Y G; Magdy, N; Majka, R; Manion, A; Margetis, S; Markert, C; Matis, H S; McDonald, D; McKinzie, S; Meehan, K; Mei, J C; Miller, Z W; Minaev, N G; Mioduszewski, S; Mishra, D; Mohanty, B; Mondal, M M; Morozov, D A; Mustafa, M K; Nasim, Md; Nayak, T K; Nigmatkulov, G; Niida, T; Nogach, L V; Nonaka, T; Novak, J; Nurushev, S B; Odyniec, G; Ogawa, A; Oh, K; Okorokov, V A; Olvitt, D; Page, B S; Pak, R; Pan, Y X; Pandit, Y; Panebratsev, Y; Pawlik, B; Pei, H; Perkins, C; Pile, P; Pluta, J; Poniatowska, K; Porter, J; Posik, M; Poskanzer, A M; Pruthi, N K; Przybycien, M; Putschke, J; Qiu, H; Quintero, A; Ramachandran, S; Ray, R L; Reed, R; Rehbein, M J; Ritter, H G; Roberts, J B; Rogachevskiy, O V; Romero, J L; Roth, J D; Ruan, L; Rusnak, J; Rusnakova, O; Sahoo, N R; Sahu, P K; Sakrejda, I; Salur, S; Sandweiss, J; Schambach, J; Scharenberg, R P; Schmah, A M; Schmidke, W B; Schmitz, N; Seger, J; Seyboth, P; Shah, N; Shahaliev, E; Shanmuganathan, P V; Shao, M; Sharma, M K; Sharma, A; Sharma, B; Shen, W Q; Shi, S S; Shi, Z; Shou, Q Y; Sichtermann, E P; Sikora, R; Simko, M; Singha, S; Skoby, M J; Smirnov, D; Smirnov, N; Solyst, W; Song, L; Sorensen, P; Spinka, H M; Srivastava, B; Stanislaus, T D S; Stepanov, M; Stock, R; Strikhanov, M; Stringfellow, B; Sugiura, T; Sumbera, M; Summa, B; Sun, X M; Sun, Z; Sun, Y; Surrow, B; Svirida, D N; Tang, Z; Tang, A H; Tarnowsky, T; Tawfik, A; Thäder, J; Thomas, J H; Timmins, A R; Tlusty, D; Todoroki, T; Tokarev, M; Trentalange, S; Tribble, R E; Tribedy, P; Tripathy, S K; Tsai, O D; Ullrich, T; Underwood, D G; Upsal, I; Van Buren, G; van Nieuwenhuizen, G; Vasiliev, A N; Vertesi, R; Videbæk, F; Vokal, S; Voloshin, S A; Vossen, A; Wang, F; Wang, J S; Wang, G; Wang, Y; Wang, Y; Webb, G; Webb, J C; Wen, L; Westfall, G D; Wieman, H; Wissink, S W; Witt, R; Wu, Y; Xiao, Z G; Xie, G; Xie, W; Xin, K; Xu, Q H; Xu, H; Xu, Y F; Xu, Z; Xu, J; Xu, N; Yang, S; Yang, Q; Yang, Y; Yang, C; Yang, Y; Yang, Y; Ye, Z; Ye, Z; Yi, L; Yip, K; Yoo, I-K; Yu, N; Zbroszczyk, H; Zha, W; Zhang, X P; Zhang, J; Zhang, J; Zhang, Z; Zhang, S; Zhang, J B; Zhang, Y; Zhang, S; Zhao, J; Zhong, C; Zhou, L; Zhu, X; Zoulkarneeva, Y; Zyzak, M

    2017-08-11

    We report the first dijet transverse momentum asymmetry measurements from Au+Au and pp collisions at RHIC. The two highest-energy back-to-back jets reconstructed from fragments with transverse momenta above 2  GeV/c display a significantly higher momentum imbalance in heavy-ion collisions than in the pp reference. When reexamined with correlated soft particles included, we observe that these dijets then exhibit a unique new feature-momentum balance is restored to that observed in pp for a jet resolution parameter of R=0.4, while rebalancing is not attained with a smaller value of R=0.2.

  1. Descripción de la realidad mente-cerebro-universo a partir de un nuevo paradigma científico y la tradición oriental: posible diálogo entre la neurociencia en Pribram y la tradición taoísta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Cecilia Vallejo Clavio

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Los eternos cuestionamientos del ser humano por la esencia deluniverso, de la materia y del hombre mismo son acompañadospor explicaciones de diversa índole, entre las que se encuentranlas cientíęcas y las místico-espirituales. En este artículo, produc-to del proyectoCiencia-Espiritualidad, el cual indaga por las co-nexiones entre el pensamiento epistemológico occidental y lasgrandes tradiciones del lejano Oriente, se analizan las posibilida-des de diálogo entre Pribram, quien adopta una posición episte-mológica denominada realismo constructivo, queriendo superarlas posiciones emergentes dualistas frente al problema mente –cuerpo y los presupuestos de la tradición taoísta que proponen laindisoluble unidad del ser humano con el cosmos, mediante laspulsaciones del yin-yang y el concepto de vacío cósmico. Desdeestas dos posiciones, se establece la posibilidad de un diálogofecundo desde la concepción holográęca del mismo universo..

  2. Junction parameters and characterization of Au/n-Ge{sub 15}In{sub 5}Se{sub 80}/p-Si/Al heterojunction

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    El-Nahass, M.M.; El-Shazly, E.A.A. [Ain Shams University, Physics Department, Faculty of Education, Roxy, Cairo (Egypt); Ali, M.H. [Ain Shams University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Abassia, Cairo (Egypt); Zedan, I.T. [High Institute of Engineering and Technology, Basic Science Department, El-Arish, North Sinai (Egypt)

    2016-08-15

    The analysis of the electrical properties of Au/n-Ge{sub 15}In{sub 5}Se{sub 80}/p-Si/Al heterojunction is examined. I-V characteristics show diode-like behavior. The series resistance is found to decrease with increasing the temperature in three different methods of calculations. The thermionic emission mechanism is found to be the operating mechanism at relatively low forward voltages (V < 0.25). While, at relatively high forward voltage, the space charge limited conduction is the operating mechanism. The rectification ratio, ideality factor, barrier height, total trap concentration and built-in voltage are determined. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of Au/n-Ge{sub 15}In{sub 5}Se{sub 80}/p-Si/Al heterojunction are also investigated. The I-V curve of the Au/n-Ge{sub 15}In{sub 5}Se{sub 80}/p-Si/Al heterojunction in the dark and after illumination is clarified. (orig.)

  3. Thermochemistry and electronic structure of small boron clusters (B(n), n = 5-13) and their anions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Truong, Ba Tai; Grant, Daniel J; Nguyen, Minh Tho; Dixon, David A

    2010-01-21

    Thermochemical parameters of a set of small-sized neutral (B(n)) and anionic (B(n)(-)) boron clusters, with n = 5-13, were determined using coupled-cluster theory CCSD(T) calculations with the aug-cc-pVnZ (n = D, T, and Q) basis sets extrapolated to the complete basis set limit (CBS) plus addition corrections and/or G3B3 calculations. Enthalpies of formation, adiabatic electron affinities (EA), vertical (VDE), and adiabatic (ADE) detachment energies were evaluated. Our calculated EAs are in good agreement with recent experiments (values in eV): B(5) (CBS, 2.29; G3B3, 2.48; exptl., 2.33 +/- 0.02), B(6) (CBS, 2.59; G3B3, 3.23; exptl., 3.01 +/- 0.04), B(7) (CBS, 2.62; G3B3, 2.67; exptl., 2.55 +/- 0.05), B(8) (CBS, 3.02; G3B3, 3.11; exptl., 3.02 +/- 0.02), B(9) (G3B3, 3.03; exptl., 3.39 +/- 0.06), B(10) (G3B3, 2.85; exptl., 2.88 +/- 0.09), B(11) (G3B4, 3.48;, exptl., 3.43 +/- 0.01), B(12) (G3B3, 2.33; exptl., 2.21 +/- 0.04), and B(13) (G3B3, 3.62; exptl., 3.78 +/- 0.02). The difference between the calculated adiabatic electron affinity and the adiabatic detachment energy for B(6) is due to the fact that the geometry of the anion is not that of the ground-state neutral. The calculated adiabatic detachment energies to the (3)A(u), C(2h) and (1)A(g), D(2h) excited states of B(6), which have geometries similar to the (1)A(g), D(2h) state of B(6)(-), are 2.93 and 3.06 eV, in excellent agreement with experiment. The VDEs were also well reproduced by the calculations. Partitioning of the electron localization functions into pi and sigma components allows probing of the partial and local delocalization in global nonaromatic systems. The larger clusters appear to exhibit multiple aromaticity. The binding energies per atom vary in a parallel manner for both neutral and anionic series and approach the experimental value for the heat of atomization of B. The resonance energies and the normalized resonance energies are convenient indices to quantify the stabilization of a cluster

  4. Production of $\\eta$ mesons in 200 AGeV S+S and S+Au reactions

    CERN Document Server

    Albrecht, R.; Awes, T.C.; Barlag, C.; Berger, F.; Bloomer, M.; Blume, C.; Bock, D.; Bock, R.; Bohne, E.M.; Bucher, D.; Claussen, A.; Clewing, G.; Debbe, R.; Dragon, L.; Eklund, A.; Fokin, S.; Garpman, S.; Glasow, R.; Gustafsson, H.A.; Gutbrod, H.H.; Hansen, O.; Holker, G.; Idh, J.; Ippolitov, M.; Jacobs, P.; Kampert, K.H.; Karadev, K.; Kolb, B.W.; Lebedev, A.; Lohner, H.; Lund, I.; Manko, V.; Moskowitz, B.; Nikolaev, S.; Obenshain, F.E.; Oskarsson, A.; Otterlund, I.; Peitzmann, T.; Plasil, F.; Poskanzer, Arthur M.; Purschke, M.; Roters, B.; Santo, R.; Schmidt, H.R.; Soderstrom, K.; Sorensen, S.P.; Stankus, P.; Steffens, K.; Steinhauser, P.; Stenlund, E.; Stuken, D.; Vinogradov, A.; Wegner, H.E.; Young, G.R.

    1995-01-01

    Minimum Bias production cross sections of $\\eta$ mesons have been measured in 200AGeV S+Au and S+S collisions at the CERN SPS by reconstructing the $\\eta\\rightarrow\\gamma\\gamma$ decay. The measurements have been made over the rapidity range $2.1 \\leq y \\leq 2.9$ using the leadglass spectrometer of WA80. Within the statistical and systematical uncertainties the spectral shapes of $\\pi~0$ and $\\eta$ mesons yields are identical when their invariant differential cross section is plotted as a function of the transverse mass. The relative normalization of the $\\eta$ to $\\pi~0$ transverse mass spectra is found to be $0.53 \\pm 0.07$ for S+Au and $0.43 \\pm 0.15$ for S+S reactions. Extrapolation to full phase space leads to an integrated cross section ratio of $\\eta$ to $\\pi~0$ mesons of $0.15 \\pm 0.02 {\\rm (stat.)} \\pm 0.02 {\\rm (syst.)}$, and $0.12 \\pm 0.03 {\\rm (stat.)} \\pm 0.02 {\\rm (syst.)}$ for S+Au and S+S collisions, respectively.

  5. Configuration dependent deformation in 183Au

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Joshi, P.; Kumar, A.; Govil, I.M.; Mukherjee, G.; Singh, R.P.; Muralithar, S.; Bhowmik, R.K.

    1998-01-01

    The lifetime measurements in 183 Au nucleus were carried in order to probe the deformation properties of the band built on the i 3/2 and h 9/2 configurations. The nucleus of 183 Au was populated using a reaction 28 Si( 159 Tb,4n) 183 Au at a beam energy of 140 MeV. Lifetime measurements were carried out using Recoil Distance Measurements (RDM) method

  6. Localization of twisted N=(0,2) gauged linear sigma models in two dimensions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Closset, Cyril [Simons Center for Geometry and Physics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794 (United States); Gu, Wei [Department of Physics MC 0435, Virginia Tech, 850 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061 (United States); Jia, Bei [Theory Group, Physics Department, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78612 (United States); Sharpe, Eric [Department of Physics MC 0435, Virginia Tech, 850 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061 (United States)

    2016-03-14

    We study two-dimensional N=(0,2) supersymmetric gauged linear sigma models (GLSMs) using supersymmetric localization. We consider N=(0,2) theories with an R-symmetry, which can always be defined on curved space by a pseudo-topological twist while preserving one of the two supercharges of flat space. For GLSMs which are deformations of N=(2,2) GLSMs and retain a Coulomb branch, we consider the A/2-twist and compute the genus-zero correlation functions of certain pseudo-chiral operators, which generalize the simplest twisted chiral ring operators away from the N=(2,2) locus. These correlation functions can be written in terms of a certain residue operation on the Coulomb branch, generalizing the Jeffrey-Kirwan residue prescription relevant for the N=(2,2) locus. For abelian GLSMs, we reproduce existing results with new formulas that render the quantum sheaf cohomology relations and other properties manifest. For non-abelian GLSMs, our methods lead to new results. As an example, we briefly discuss the quantum sheaf cohomology of the Grassmannian manifold.

  7. Au-delà de la ¡ Revolución !

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julien Rebotier

    2008-02-01

    Full Text Available La « Révolution Bolivarienne » fait irruption au terme d’un siècle de changements fondamentaux qui transforment le pays dans les cadres de l’exploitation pétrolière, à l’origine de bien des caractéristiques actuelles. L’élection du président se fait sur l’échec d’une démocratie négociée et au terme de deux décennies de crise qui exacerbent les difficultés sociales. Pour autant, si l’ordre sociopolitique et symbolique est mis en cause, l’ordre économique reste peu affecté. Le chavisme change le visage du Venezuela, affecte à différents degrés la géopolitique régionale, mais peine à consacrer les changements radicaux dont l’annonce est sans cesse repoussée et flirte avec des poussées autoritaristes toujours annoncées.The “Bolivarian Revolution” rises at the end of a century of huge transformations for the country as regards oil exploitation. This still has a lot of consequences today. The election of President is the product of both the failure of a negotiated democracy and two decades of crisis which sharpen inequalities. Nevertheless, both the socio political order and symbolic order can be questioned, but economic order is not really modified. Chavism changes part of the face of Venezuela, affects regional geopolitics on different degrees, but shows some difficulties to make radical changes come true. The worrisome drift of authoritarianism is still potential.La « Revolución Bolivariana » aparece al final de un siglo de cambios profundos que transforman el país en el marco de la explotación petrolera, dando origen a muchas de las características actuales del país. La elección del presidente Chávez es el producto del fracaso de una democracia negociada y de dos décadas de crisis que multiplican las dificultades sociales. Dicho eso, bien puede ser cuestionado el orden sociopolítico y simbólico, pero el orden económico resulta poco afectado. El chavismo cambia la cara de Venezuela

  8. Au nanoparticles attached carbon nanotubes as a high performance active element in field effect transistor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lee, Myeongsoon; Kim, Don

    2016-01-01

    The Au nanoparticles attached carbon nanotubes (Au-CNTs), diameter ranged from 40 to 250 nm, were prepared and discussed their chemical and electrical properties. The shape and crystallinity of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) phase depended main2ly on the diameter of CNTs (r_A_u_-_C_N_T). Highly crystalline, straight CNTs were observed when the r_A_u_-_C_N_T exceeded 80 nm, and less crystalline noodle-shaped CNTs were observed when the r_A_u_-_C_N_T was smaller than 80 nm. The crystallinity of the CNT phase was confirmed by analyzing the G and D bands in their Raman spectra and the electrical conductivities of the Au-CNTs. The electrical conductivity of the highly crystalline carbon phase of Au-CNTs (r_A_u_-_C_N_T = 250 nm) was ∼10"4 S/cm. The back-gated field effect transistors (FETs) based on the Au-CNTs, which were assembled on a SiO_2/Si wafer using the dielectrophoresis technique, showed that the Au-CNTs would be a good functional electronic material for future electronic and sensing applications. The transconductance and hole mobility of the FETs, which were assembled with the highly crystalline Au-CNTs (r_A_u_-_C_N_T = 250 nm), reached to 3.6 × 10"−"4 A/V and 3.1 × 10"4 cm"2/V s, respectively. These values are in the middle of those of reported for single walled carbon nanotubes and graphene. However, we could not find any field effect in a CNTFET, which assembled without Au nanoparticles, through the same process. - Highlights: • The shape and crystallinity of the CNTs depended mainly on the diameter of CNTs. • The electrical conductivity of the highly crystalline Au-CNTs was ∼10"4 S/cm. • The Au-CNT FET shows typical p-channel gate effect with the on/off ratio of ∼10"4. • The Au-CNT FET shows very high transconductance (g_m) and carrier mobility (μ_h).

  9. Theoretical study of oxygen adsorption on pure Au-n+1(+) and doped MAun+ cationic gold clusters for M = Ti, Fe and n=3-7

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Torres, M. Begona; Fernandez Sanchez, Eva; Balbas, Luis C.

    2008-01-01

    A comparative study of the adsorption of an O-2 molecule on pure Au-n+1(+) and doped MAun+ cationic gold clusters for n = 3-7 and M = Ti, Fe is presented. The simultaneous adsorption of two oxygen atoms also was studied. This work was performed by means of first principles calculations based...... with adsorption energies of 0.56 and 0.69 eV, respectively. The ground-state geometry of Au-n(+) is almost unperturbed after O-2 adsorption. The electronic charge flows towards O-2 when the molecule is adsorbed in bridge positions and towards the gold cluster when O-2 is adsorbed on top of An atoms, and both...... with size n are rationalized in terms of O-O and O-M bond distances, as well as charge transfer between oxygen and cluster substrates. The spin multiplicity of those (MAunO2+)(ad) complexes with the highest O-2 adsorption energy is a maximum (minimum) for M = Fe (Ti), corresponding to parallel (anti...

  10. Effect of annealing temperature on the electrical properties of Au/Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5}/n-GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structure

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Prasanna Lakshmi, B.; Rajagopal Reddy, V.; Janardhanam, V. [Sri Venkateswara University, Department of Physics, Tirupati (India); Siva Pratap Reddy, M.; Lee, Jung-Hee [Kyungpook National University, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Daegu (Korea, Republic of)

    2013-11-15

    We report on the effect of an annealing temperature on the electrical properties of Au/Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5}/n-GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structure by current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. The measured Schottky barrier height ({Phi} {sub bo}) and ideality factor n values of the as-deposited Au/Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5}/n-GaN MIS structure are 0.93 eV (I-V) and 1.19. The barrier height (BH) increases to 1.03 eV and ideality factor decreases to 1.13 upon annealing at 500 {sup circle} C for 1 min under nitrogen ambient. When the contact is annealed at 600 {sup circle} C, the barrier height decreases and the ideality factor increases to 0.99 eV and 1.15. The barrier heights obtained from the C-V measurements are higher than those obtained from I-V measurements, and this indicates the existence of spatial inhomogeneity at the interface. Cheung's functions are also used to calculate the barrier height ({Phi} {sub bo}), ideality factor (n), and series resistance (R{sub s}) of the Au/Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5}/n-GaN MIS structure. Investigations reveal that the Schottky emission is the dominant mechanism and the Poole-Frenkel emission occurs only in the high voltage region. The energy distribution of interface states is determined from the forward bias I-V characteristics by taking into account the bias dependence of the effective barrier height. It is observed that the density value of interface states for the annealed samples with interfacial layer is lower than that of the density value of interface states of the as-deposited sample. (orig.)

  11. Ultrasonic friction power during thermosonic Au and Cu ball bonding

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shah, A; Mayer, M; Zhou, Y; Qin, I; Huynh, C; Meyer, M

    2010-01-01

    The ultrasonic friction power during thermosonic ball bonding with Au and Cu wires, both 25 μm in diameter, is derived with an improved method from experimental measurements during the bonding process. Experimental data include the current delivered to the ultrasonic transducer and the tangential force measured using piezoresistive microsensors integrated close to the Al bonding pad. The improvement results from a new, more accurate method to derive the mechanical compliance of the ultrasonic system. The method employs a bond process modification in which the ultrasonic current is ramped up sequentially in three steps. In the first two steps, the ultrasonic current is set to levels that are too low to cause sliding. The bonding takes place during the third step, when the current is ramped up to the optimum value required for making good quality bonds. The ultrasonic compliance values are derived from the first two steps and are 8.2 ± 0.5 μm N -1 and 7.7 ± 0.5 μm N -1 for the Au and Cu processes, respectively. These values are determined within an average error estimate of ±6%, substantially lower than the ±10% estimated with a previously reported method. The ultrasonic compliance in the case of Au is 6% higher due to the lower elastic modulus of Au compared with that of Cu. Typical maximum values of relative sliding amplitude of ultrasonic friction at the interface are 655 nm and 766 nm for the Au and Cu processes. These values are 81% of the free-air vibration amplitude of the bonding capillary tip for the respective ultrasonic current settings. Due to bond growth, which damps relative motion between the ball and the pad, the final relative amplitude at the bond interface is reduced to 4% of the equivalent free-air amplitude. Even though the maximum value of relative amplitude is 17% higher in the Cu process compared with the Au process, the average total interfacial sliding is 519 μm in the Cu process, which is 31% lower than that in the Au process (759

  12. The solubility of gold in hydrogen sulfide gas: An experimental study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zezin, Denis Yu.; Migdisov, Artashes A.; Williams-Jones, Anthony E.

    2007-06-01

    The solubility of gold in H 2S gas has been investigated at temperatures of 300, 350 and 400 °C and pressures up to 230 bars. Experimentally determined values of the solubility of Au are 0.4-1.4 ppb at 300 °C, 1-8 ppb at 350 °C and 8.6-95 ppb at 400 °C. Owing to a positive dependence of the logarithm of the fugacity of gold on the logarithm of the fugacity of H 2S, it is proposed that the solubility of Au can be attributed to formation of a solvated gaseous sulfide or bisulfide complex through reactions of the type: Au(s)+(n+1)·HS(g)=AuS·(HS)n(g)+H(g) or Au(g)+(n+1)·HS(g)=AuHS·(HS)n(g)+{1}/{2}H(g) which are f-dependent; n is a statistical solvation number. If the redox potential is buffered by S/H 2S (the case in our study), the corresponding reactions are: Au(s)+n·HS(g)+S(l)=AuS·(HS)n(g) or Au(s)+(n+{1}/{2})·HS(g)+{1}/{2}S(l)=AuHS·(HS)n(g) Values of n for these latter reactions were calculated to be 1.8 and 1.2 at 300 °C, 1.7 and 1.0 at 350 °C, 2.2 and 1.7 at 400 °C, respectively. The equilibrium constants for reactions 3 and D increase with temperature and have values of log K = -11.1 ± 0.2 at 300 °C (both reactions), -10.7 ± 0.3 and -10.5 ± 0.3 at 350 °C, and -10.6 ± 0.2 and -10.4 ± 0.2 at 400 °C, respectively. At the conditions of this study, the solubility of gold in H 2S gas is relatively high, and the results obtained provide strong evidence that H 2S can play an important role in the vapor transport of gold and the formation of hydrothermal gold deposits.

  13. 5-Bromo-N3-[(E-(6-bromopyridin-2-ylmethylidene]pyridine-3,4-diamine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mingjian Cai

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available The title compound, C11H8Br2N4, is a Schiff base obtained from 6-bromopicolinaldehyde and 5-bromopyridine-3,4-diamine. The molecule has an E configuration about the C=N bond and the dihedral angle between the two pyridine rings is 14.02 (1°. The observed conformation is stabilised by an intramolecular N—H...N hydrogen bond. In the crystal, molecules are stacked along the b axis and are linked through N—H...N hydrogen bonds into chains along the c axis.

  14. Construction of an all-solid-state artificial Z-scheme system consisting of Bi2WO6/Au/CdS nanostructure for photocatalytic CO2 reduction into renewable hydrocarbon fuel

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Meng; Han, Qiutong; Li, Liang; Tang, Lanqin; Li, Haijin; Zhou, Yong; Zou, Zhigang

    2017-07-01

    An all-solid-state Bi2WO6/Au/CdS Z-scheme system was constructed for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into methane in the presence of water vapor. This Z-scheme consists of ultrathin Bi2WO6 nanoplates and CdS nanoparticles as photocatalysts, and a Au nanoparticle as a solid electron mediator offering a high speed charge transfer channel and leading to more efficient spatial separation of electron-hole pairs. The photo-generated electrons from the conduction band (CB) of Bi2WO6 transfer to the Au, and then release to the valence band (VB) of CdS to recombine with the holes of CdS. It allows the electrons remaining in the CB of CdS and holes in the VB of Bi2WO6 to possess strong reduction and oxidation powers, respectively, leading the Bi2WO6/Au/CdS to exhibit high photocatalytic reduction of CO2, relative to bare Bi2WO6, Bi2WO6/Au, and Bi2WO6/CdS. The depressed hole density on CdS also enhances the stability of the CdS against photocorrosion.

  15. Intégration des TIC dans la gouvernance locale aunégal | IDRC ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Intégration des TIC dans la gouvernance locale aunégal. Ce projet s'inscrit dans le contexte de la mise en oeuvre du plan d'action du Somment mondial sur la société de l'information (SMSI). Ce plan met l'accent entre autres sur la nécessité d'un partenariat public-privé pour permettre aux collectivités africaines un ...

  16. Magnetic susceptibilities of liquid Cr-Au, Mn-Au and Fe-Au alloys

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ohno, S.; Shimakura, H. [Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603 (Japan); Tahara, S. [Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213 (Japan); Okada, T. [Niigata College of Technology, Kamishin’eicho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2076 (Japan)

    2015-08-17

    The magnetic susceptibility of liquid Cr-Au, Mn-Au, Fe-Au and Cu-Au alloys was investigated as a function of temperature and composition. Liquid Cr{sub 1-c}Au{sub c} with 0.5 ≤ c and Mn{sub 1-c}Au{sub c} with 0.3≤c obeyed the Curie-Weiss law with regard to their dependence of χ on temperature. The magnetic susceptibilities of liquid Fe-Au alloys also exhibited Curie-Weiss behavior with a reasonable value for the effective number of Bohr magneton. On the Au-rich side, the composition dependence of χ for liquid TM-Au (TM=Cr, Mn, Fe) alloys increased rapidly with increasing TM content, respectively. Additionally, the composition dependences of χ for liquid Cr-Au, Mn-Au, and Fe-Au alloys had maxima at compositions of 50 at% Cr, 70 at% Mn, and 85 at% Fe, respectively. We compared the composition dependences of χ{sub 3d} due to 3d electrons for liquid binary TM-M (M=Au, Al, Si, Sb), and investigated the relationship between χ{sub 3d} and E{sub F} in liquid binary TM-M alloys at a composition of 50 at% TM.

  17. Novel optically active lead-free relaxor ferroelectric (Ba0.6Bi0.2Li0.2)TiO3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Borkar, Hitesh; Rao, Vaibhav; Barvat, Arun; Pal, Prabir; Kumar, Ashok; Dutta, Soma; Tomar, M; Gupta, Vinay; Scott, J F

    2016-01-01

    We discovered a near-room-temperature lead-free relaxor-ferroelectric (Ba 0.6 Bi 0.2 Li 0.2 )TiO 3 (BBLT) having A-site compositionally disordered ABO 3 perovskite structure. Microstructure-property relations revealed that the chemical inhomogeneities and development of local polar nano-regions (PNRs) are responsible for dielectric dispersion as a function of probe frequencies and temperatures. Rietveld analysis indicates mixed crystal structure with 80% tetragonal structure (space group P4mm) and 20% orthorhombic structure (space group Amm2), which is confirmed by the high resolution transmission electron diffraction (HRTEM). Dielectric constant and tangent loss dispersion with and without illumination of light obey nonlinear Vogel–Fulcher (VF) relations. The material shows slim polarization–hysteresis (P – E) loops and excellent displacement coefficients (d 33 ∼ 233 pm V −1 ) near room temperature, which gradually diminish near the maximum dielectric dispersion temperature (T m ) . The underlying physics for light-sensitive dielectric dispersion was probed by x-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS), which strongly suggests that mixed valence of bismuth ions, especially Bi 5+ ions, comprise most of the optically active centers. Ultraviolet photoemission measurements showed most of the Ti ions are in 4 +  states and sit at the centers of the TiO 6 octahedra; along with asymmetric hybridization between O 2 p and Bi 6 s orbitals, this appears to be the main driving force for net polarization. This BBLT material may open a new path for environmental friendly lead-free relaxor-ferroelectric research. (paper)

  18. Low-Temperature Sintering Li3Mg1.8Ca0.2NbO6 Microwave Dielectric Ceramics with LMZBS Glass

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Gang; Zhang, Huaiwu; Liu, Cheng; Su, Hua; Jia, Lijun; Li, Jie; Huang, Xin; Gan, Gongwen

    2018-05-01

    Li3Mg1.8Ca0.2NbO6 ceramics doped with Li2O-MgO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass (LMZBS) were prepared via a solid-state route. The LMZBS glass effectively reduced the sintering temperature of Li3Mg1.8Ca0.2NbO6 ceramics to 950°C. The effects of the LMZBS glass on the sintering behavior, microstructures and microwave dielectric properties of Li3Mg1.8Ca0.2NbO6 ceramics are discussed in detail. Among all the LMZBS doped Li3Mg1.8Ca0.2NbO6 ceramics, the sample with 1 wt.% of LMZBS glass sintered at 950°C for 4 h exhibited good dielectric properties: ɛ r = 16.7, Q × f = 31,000 GHz (9.92 GHz), τ f = - 1.3 ppm/°C. The Li3Mg1.8Ca0.2NbO6 ceramics possessed excellent chemical compatibility with Ag electrodes, and could be applied in low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) applications.

  19. Bi-functional Au/FeS (Au/Co{sub 3}O{sub 4}) composite for in situ SERS monitoring and degradation of organic pollutants

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ma, Shuzhen; Cai, Qian; Lu, Kailing; Liao, Fan, E-mail: fliao@suda.edu.cn; Shao, Mingwang, E-mail: mwshao@suda.edu.cn [Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University (China)

    2016-01-15

    The bi-functional Au/FeS (Au/Co{sub 3}O{sub 4}) composite was fabricated by in situ reducing Au nanoparticles onto the surface of FeS (Co{sub 3}O{sub 4}). The as-prepared FeS possessed a multi-structure composed of plenty of nanoplates, which were coated by Au nanoparticles with an average size of ∼47.5 nm. While the Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} showed a thin hexagonal sheet containing Au nanoparticles on its surface with an average size of ∼79.0 nm. Both the as-prepared Au/FeS and Au/Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} composites exhibited excellent SERS performance, capable of enhancing the Raman signals of R6G molecules with the enhancement factor up to 1.81 × 10{sup 6} and 7.60 × 10{sup 4}, respectively. Moreover, Au/FeS (Au/Co{sub 3}O{sub 4}) composite also has been verified to have intrinsic peroxidase-like activity, which could decompose H{sub 2}O{sub 2} into hydroxyl radicals and then degrade organic pollutants into small molecules. Therefore, SERS can be used to real-time and in situ monitoring the degradation process of R6G molecules, employing the Au/FeS (Au/Co{sub 3}O{sub 4}) composite both as SERS substrate and catalyst. Graphical abstract: SERS was used to real-time and in situ monitoring the degradation of R6G, employing the Au/FeS and Au/Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} composites both as SERS substrates and catalysts.

  20. Structure reactivity relationships during N2O hydrogenation over Au-Ag alloys: A study by field emission techniques

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jacobs, Luc; Barroo, Cédric; Gilis, Natalia; Lambeets, Sten V.; Genty, Eric; Visart de Bocarmé, Thierry

    2018-03-01

    To make available atomic oxygen at the surface of a catalyst is the key step for oxidation reactions on Au-based catalysts. In this context, Au-Ag alloys catalysts exhibit promising properties for selective oxidation reactions of alcohols: low temperature activity and high selectivity. The presence of O(ads) and its effects on the catalytic reactivity is studied via the N2O dissociative adsorption and subsequent hydrogenation. Field emission techniques are particularly suited to study this reaction: Field Ion Microscopy (FIM) and Field Emission Microscopy (FEM) enable to image the extremity of sharp metallic tips, the size and morphology of which are close to those of one single catalytic particle. The reaction dynamics is studied in the 300-320 K temperature range and at a pressure of 3.5 × 10-3 Pa. The main results are a strong structure/reactivity relationship during N2O + H2 reaction over Au-8.8 at.%Ag model catalysts. Comparison of high-resolution FIM images of the clean sample and FEM images during reaction shows a sensitivity of the reaction to the local structure of the facets, independently of the used partial pressures of both N2O and H2. This suggests a localised dissociative adsorption step for N2O and H2 with the formation of a reactive interface around the {210} facets.

  1. Electric-field-control of magnetic anisotropy of Co0.6Fe0.2B0.2/oxide stacks using reduced voltage

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kita, Koji; Abraham, David W.; Gajek, Martin J.; Worledge, D. C.

    2012-08-01

    We have demonstrated purely electrical manipulation of the magnetic anisotropy of a Co0.6Fe0.2B0.2 film by applying only 8 V across the CoFeB/oxide stack. A clear transition from in-plane to perpendicular anisotropy was observed. The quantitative relationship between interface anisotropy energy and the applied electric-field was determined from the linear voltage dependence of the saturation field. By comparing the dielectric stacks of MgO/Al2O3 and MgO/HfO2/Al2O3, enhanced voltage control was also demonstrated, due to the higher dielectric constant of the HfO2. These results suggest the feasibility of purely electrical control of magnetization with small voltage bias for spintronics applications.

  2. Piezoelectric properties enhanced of Sr0.6(BiNa)0.2Bi2Nb2O9 ceramic by (LiCe) modification with charge neutrality

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fang, Pinyang; Xi, Zengzhe; Long, Wei; Li, Xiaojuan; Li, Jin

    2013-01-01

    Graphical abstract: The oxygen vacancies were confirmed by the left figure. The role of oxygen vacancy on piezoelectric activities was obtained by comparing to the varieties of oxygen vacancy concentration and piezoelectric coefficient with (LiCe) modification. -- Highlights: • The Sr 0.6 (BiNa) 0.2 Bi 2 Nb 2 O 9 ceramic by (LiCe) modification with the charge neutrality was synthesized by the solid state reaction method. • The Curie temperature and piezoelectric coefficient were found to be T c ∼590 °C and d 33 ∼32 pC/N, respectively. • The mechanism of piezoelectric activities improved by (LiCe) modification was discussed. -- Abstract: Aurivillius-type ceramics, Sr 0.6−x (LiCe) x/2.5 (BiNa) 0.2 Bi 2 Nb 2 O 9 (SLCBNBNO) with the charge neutrality, were synthesized by using conventional solid-state processing. Phase analysis was performed by X-ray diffraction analyses (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Microstructural morphology was assessed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Structural, dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and electromechanical properties of the SLCBNBNO ceramics were investigated. Piezoelectric properties were significantly enhanced compared to Sr 0.6 (BiNa) 0.2 Bi 2 Nb 2 O 9 (SBNBN) ceramic and the maximum of piezoelectric coefficient d 33 of the SBNBN-LC6 ceramic was 32 pC/N with higher Curie temperature (T c ∼590 °C). In addition, mechanisms for the piezoelectric properties enhanced of the SBNBN-based ceramics were discussed

  3. A Relativity Enhanced, Medium-Strong Au(I)···H-N Hydrogen Bond in a Protonated Phenylpyridine-Gold(I) Thiolate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Berger, Raphael J F; Schoiber, Jürgen; Monkowius, Uwe

    2017-01-17

    Gold is an electron-rich metal with a high electronegativity comparable to that of sulfur. Hence, hydrogen bonds of the Au(I)···H-E (E = electronegative element) type should be possible, but their existence is still under debate. Experimental results are scarce and often contradictory. As guidance for possible preparative work, we have theoretically investigated (ppyH)Au(SPh) (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine) bearing two monoanionic ligands which are not strongly electronegative at the same time to further increase the charge density on the gold(I) atom. The protonated pyridine nitrogen atom in ppy is geometrically ideally suited to place a proton in close proximity to the gold atom in a favorable geometry for a classical hydrogen bond arrangement. Indeed, the results of the calculations indicate that the hydrogen bonded conformation of (ppyH)Au(SPh) represents a minimum geometry with bond metrics in the expected range for medium-strong hydrogen bonds [r(N-H) = 1.043 Å, r(H···Au) = 2.060 Å, a(N-H···Au) = 141.4°]. The energy difference between the conformer containing the H···Au bond and another conformer without a hydrogen bond amounts to 7.8 kcal mol -1 , which might serve as an estimate of the hydrogen bond strength. Spectroscopic properties were calculated, yielding further characteristics of such hydrogen bonded gold species.

  4. Centrality Dependence of Charged Hadron Transverse Momentum Spectra in Au+Au Collisions from √(sNN)=62.4 to 200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Chai, Z.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; Gburek, T.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Hauer, M.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Khan, N.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Reed, C.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Sagerer, J.; Seals, H.; Sedykh, I.; Smith, C. E.; Stankiewicz, M. A.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S.; Sukhanov, A.; Tonjes, M. B.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Vaurynovich, S. S.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Wenger, E.; Wolfs, F. L.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wysłouch, B.

    2005-03-01

    We have measured transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at √(sNN)=62.4 GeV. The spectra are presented for transverse momenta 0.250.2<η<1.4. The nuclear modification factor RAA is calculated relative to p+p data at the same collision energy as a function of collision centrality. For 2Au+Au collisions at √(sNN)= 130 and 200 GeV. In contrast to the large change in RAA, we observe a very similar centrality evolution of the pT spectra at √(sNN)=62.4 and 200 GeV. The dynamical origin of this surprising factorization of energy and centrality dependence of particle production in heavy-ion collisions remains to be understood.

  5. Carbon monoxide oxidation on bimetallic Ru/Au(111 surfaces

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ROLF-JÜRGEN BEHM

    2001-02-01

    Full Text Available The electrochemical deposition of Ru on Au(111 was performed in 0.5 M H2SO4+10-4 M RuCl3 . The obtained bimetallic Ru/Au(111 surfaces were character-ised by cyclic voltammetry and in situ STM in 0.5 MH2SO4. The Ru deposit consists of nanoscale islands, which merge with increasing coverage. Two different types of bimetallic Ru/Au(111 surfaces with respect to the distribution of Ru islands over the Au(111 substrate surface were obtained. When the deposition was performed at potentials more positive than the range of Au(111 reconstruction, homogeneous nucleation occured resulting in a random distribution of Ru islands. When the deposition was performed on reconstructed Au(111 at low overpotentials, selective nucleation occured resulting in the replication of the Au(111 reconstruction. Only at higher deposition overpotentials, can multilayer deposits be formed, which exhibit a very rough surface morphology. The electrocatalytic activity of such structurally well defined Ru/Au(111 bimetallic surfaces was studied towards CO oxidation with the Ru coverage ranging from submonolayer to several monolayer. COstripping commences at about 0.2 Vand occurs over a broad potential range. The observed influence of the Ru structure on the CO stripping voltammetry is explained by local variations in the COadsorption energy, caused by differences in the local Ru structure and by effects induced by the Au(111 substrate.

  6. Récupération assistée du pétrole par le C02 : disponibilités et coûts en Europe de l'Ouest Enhanced Oil Recovery by C02: Availability and Cost in Western Europe

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chauvel A.

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available Aux deux périodes de la mise en valeur d'un champ pétrolier par le gaz carbonique : - expérimentation pilote, - puis exploitation industrielle, correspondent des besoins sensiblement différents: de l'ordre de 30 à 100 t/j dans le premier cas, de 300 à 10 000 t/j dans le second, selon l'importance du gisement. Pour satisfaire ces demandes, on peut avoir recours : - soit aux sources actuellement exploitées (essentiellement les unités d'ammoniac, dont il convient alors de répertorier les quantités supplémentaires mobilisables ; - soit aux sources potentielles jusqu'à présent inemployées (fumées d'origines diverses, exigeant des procédés d'extraction complexes et gros consommateurs d'énergie qu'il s'avérerait donc nécessaire d'améliorer. Le prix de revient de la purification du CO2 est fonction de la complexité des traitements de récupération; il est compris entre 150 FF/t et plus de 600 FF/t pour les cas les plus défavorables. Le deuxième élément intervenant dans le coût du CO2 rendu sur site est le transport, variable selon la distance et le moyen d'acheminement choisi (pipeline, citernes routières ou ferroviaires ; pour les faibles demandes, on utilise les citernes routières, pour les fortes le pipeline et les citernes ferroviaires pour les cas intermédiaires, dans la mesure où la ligne de chemin de fer passe près du gisement. D'autre part, le prix de la tonne de CO2 payée par l'utilisateur dépend de facteurs plus aléatoires tels que l'état du marché et la marge bénéficiaire du fournisseur résultant des négociations entre acheteur et vendeur. The two periods of production from an oil field by carbon-dioxide injection are: (i pilot expérimentation and (ii industrial opération. There are quite différent CO2 requirements for these two periods, i. e. about 30 to 100 t/d for the first case, and 300 to 10000 t/d in the second case, depending on the size of the field. These demands can be fulfilled: (i

  7. Electrical characterization and nanoscale surface morphology of optimized Ti/Al/Ta/Au ohmic contact for AlGaN/GaN HEMT.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Cong; Kim, Nam-Young

    2012-02-07

    Good ohmic contacts with low contact resistance, smooth surface morphology, and a well-defined edge profile are essential to ensure optimal device performances for the AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors [HEMTs]. A tantalum [Ta] metal layer and an SiNx thin film were used for the first time as an effective diffusion barrier and encapsulation layer in the standard Ti/Al/metal/Au ohmic metallization scheme in order to obtain high quality ohmic contacts with a focus on the thickness of Ta and SiNx. It is found that the Ta thickness is the dominant factor affecting the contact resistance, while the SiNx thickness affects the surface morphology significantly. An optimized Ti/Al/Ta/Au ohmic contact including a 40-nm thick Ta barrier layer and a 50-nm thick SiNx encapsulation layer is preferred when compared with the other conventional ohmic contact stacks as it produces a low contact resistance of around 7.27 × 10-7 Ω·cm2 and an ultra-low nanoscale surface morphology with a root mean square deviation of around 10 nm. Results from the proposed study play an important role in obtaining excellent ohmic contact formation in the fabrication of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs.

  8. The electrical and dielectric properties of the Au/Ti/HfO2/n-GaAs structures

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karabulut, Abdulkerim; Türüt, Abdulmecit; Karataş, Şükrü

    2018-04-01

    In this work, temperature dependent electrical and dielectric properties of the Au/Ti/HfO2/n-GaAs structures were investigated using capacitance-voltage (C-V) and conductance-voltage (G-V) measurements in the temperature range of 60-320 K by steps of 20 K at 1 MHz. The dielectric constant (ε‧), dielectric loss (ε″), dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) and ac electrical conductivities (σac) have been calculated as a function of temperature. These values of the ε‧, ε″, tanδ and σac have been found to be 2.272, 5.981, 2.631 and 3.32 × 10-6 (Ω-1cm-1) at 80 K, respectively, 1.779, 2.315, 1.301 and 1.28 × 10-6 (Ω-1cm-1), respectively at 320 K. These decrease of the dielectric parameters (ε‧, ε″, tanδ and σac) have been observed at high temperatures. The experimental results show that electrical and dielectric properties are strongly temperature and bias voltage dependent.

  9. Beyond 3 Au from the Sun: the Hypervolatiles CH4, C2H6, and CO in the Distant Comet C2006 W3 (Christensen)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bonev, Boncho P.; Villanueva, Geronimo L.; Disanti, Michael A.; Boehnhardt, Hermann; Lippi, Manuela; Gibb, Erika L.; Paganini, Lucas; Mumma, Michael J.

    2017-01-01

    Comet C/2006 W3 (Christensen) remained outside a heliocentric distance (Rh) of 3.1 au throughout its apparition, but it presented an exceptional opportunity to directly sense a suite of molecules released from its nucleus. The Cryogenic Infrared Echelle Spectrograph at ESO-VLT detected infrared emissions from the three hypervolatiles (CO, CH4, and C2H6) that have the lowest sublimation temperatures among species that are commonly studied in comets by remote sensing. Even at Rh 3.25 au, the production rate of each molecule exceeded those measured for the same species in a number of other comets, although these comets were observed much closer to the Sun. Detections of CO at Rh = 3.25, 4.03, and 4.73 au constrained its post-perihelion decrease in production rate, which most likely dominated the outgassing. At 3.25 au, our measured abundances scaled as CO/CH4/C2H6 approx. = 100/4.4/2.1. The C2H6/CH4 ratio falls within the range of previously studied comets at Rh the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko conducted at a very similar Rh (3.15 au). The independent detections of H2O (Herschel Space Observatory) and CO (this work) imply a coma abundance H2O/CO approx. = 20% in C/2006 W3 near Rh = 5 au. All these measurements are of high value for constraining models of nucleus sublimation (plausibly CO-driven) beyond Rh = 3au, where molecular detections in comets are still especially sparse.

  10. Gold nanoparticles production using reactor and cyclotron based methods in assessment of {sup 196,198}Au production yields by {sup 197}Au neutron absorption for therapeutic purposes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Khorshidi, Abdollah, E-mail: abkhorshidi@yahoo.com

    2016-11-01

    Medical nano-gold radioisotopes is produced regularly using high-flux nuclear reactors, and an accelerator-driven neutron activator can turn out higher yield of {sup 197}Au(n,γ){sup 196,198}Au reactions. Here, nano-gold production via radiative/neutron capture was investigated using irradiated Tehran Research Reactor flux and also simulated proton beam of Karaj cyclotron in Iran. {sup 197}Au nano-solution, including 20 nm shaped spherical gold and water, was irradiated under Tehran reactor flux at 2.5E + 13 n/cm{sup 2}/s for {sup 196,198}Au activity and production yield estimations. Meanwhile, the yield was examined using 30 MeV proton beam of Karaj cyclotron via simulated new neutron activator containing beryllium target, bismuth moderator around the target, and also PbF{sub 2} reflector enclosed the moderator region. Transmutation in {sup 197}Au nano-solution samples were explored at 15 and 25 cm distances from the target. The neutron flux behavior inside the water and bismuth moderators was investigated for nano-gold particles transmutation. The transport of fast neutrons inside bismuth material as heavy nuclei with a lesser lethargy can be contributed in enhanced nano-gold transmutation with long duration time than the water moderator in reactor-based method. Cyclotron-driven production of βeta-emitting radioisotopes for brachytherapy applications can complete the nano-gold production technology as a safer approach as compared to the reactor-based method. - Graphical abstract: This figure describes gold nanoparticles production via cyclotron based method. The aim of investigating is to estimate activity and saturation yield of {sup 197}Au(n,γ){sup 198}Au and {sup 197}Au(n,2n){sup 196}Au reactions using Karaj cyclotron available in Iran. The feasibility of a cyclotron-driven production of βeta-emitting radioisotopes was investigated for therapeutic applications via a new neutron activator design. - Highlights: • Nano-gold radioisotope production

  11. Influence of the solution pH in the 6-mercaptopurine self-assembled monolayer (6MP-SAM) on a Au(111) single-crystal electrode.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Madueño, Rafael; García-Raya, Daniel; Viudez, Alfonso J; Sevilla, José M; Pineda, Teresa; Blázquez, Manuel

    2007-10-23

    Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) have been prepared on a Au(111) single-crystal electrode by immersion of the metal surface in a 100 microM 6MP and 0.01 M HClO4 solution. The 6MP-SAM Au(111) single-crystal electrodes were transferred to the cell and allowed to equilibrate with the different aqueous working solutions before the electrochemical experiments. The influence of the solution pH was studied by cyclic voltammetry, double layer capacitance curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical behavior of the 6MP-SAM in acetic acid at pH 4 presents important differences in comparison to that obtained in 0.1 M KOH solutions. Cyclic voltammograms for the reductive desorption process in acid medium are broad and show some features that can be explained by a phase transition between a chemisorbed and a physisorbed state of the 6MP molecules. The low solubility of these molecules in acid medium could explain this phenomenon and the readsorption of the complete monolayer when the potential is scanned in the positive direction. The variation of the double-layer capacitance values in the potential range of monolayer stability with the pH suggests that the acid-base chemistry of the 6MP molecules is playing a role. This fact has been studied by following the variations of the electron-transfer rate constant of the highly charged redox probes as are Fe(CN)(6)-3/-4 and Ru(NH3)(6)+3/+2 as a function of solution pH. The apparent surface pKa value for the 6MP-SAM (pKa approximately 8) is explained by the total conversion of the different 6MP tautomers that exist in solution to the thiol species in the adsorbed state.

  12. Enhanced electrochemical performance of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode at high cutoff voltage by modifying electrode/electrolyte interface with lithium metasilicate

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fu, Jiale; Mu, Daobin; Wu, Borong; Bi, Jiaying; Liu, Xiaojiang; Peng, Yiyuan; Li, Yiqing; Wu, Feng

    2017-01-01

    Highlights: •The electrochemical properties of the LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 cathode are investigated at high voltage of 4.6 V. •The Li 2 SiO 3 suppresses the decomposition of LiPF 6 and carbonate solvents. •Li 2 SiO 3 helpfully retards the transition metal dissolution by consuming HF. •The enhanced electrochemical properties of the LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 cathode mixed with Li 2 SiO 3 . -- Abstract: Developing high-voltage Li ion batteries (LIBs) is an important trend to meet the requirement of high energy density battery. However, high voltage will cause a series of problems harming the cycle performance of LIBs at the same time. This work is to investigate the effect of inorganic substance Li 2 SiO 3 on the electrochemical performance of LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 (NCM622) cathode at high cutoff voltage of 4.6 V. XRD result shows that the structure of NCM622 cathode material is not affected by mixing Li 2 SiO 3 . However, XPS and EIS tests indicate that Li 2 SiO 3 has an evident influence on suppressing the decomposition of LiPF 6 and carbonate solvents at high voltage, reducing interfacial solid film impedance and modifying electrode/electrolyte interface. In addition, Li 2 SiO 3 retards the transition metal dissolution by consuming HF. Therefore, it enhances the electrochemical properties of the NCM622 cathode significantly. The highest discharge capacity increases to 191.7 mA h g -1 by mixing Li 2 SiO 3 , compared with the value of 180 mA h g -1 in the case of NCM622 cathode. The NCM622 electrode mixed with Li 2 SiO 3 also exhibits a better capacity retention of 73.4% after 200 cycles and a high rate capability at 20C with the value of 89 mA h g -1 , in contrast with 62.2% and 31 mA h g -1 attained in the NCM622 cathode.

  13. Sociographie d’un rapport au temps comme fondement de la culture professionnelle

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abou Ndiaye

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Signer un contrat de travail c’est convenir de louer à une entreprise, contre rétribution, une partie de son temps personnel. Cet usage est borné par la loi, les accords de branche et les accords d’entreprise. Mais, dans certaines conditions, pour certaines raisons et pour des motivations jugées plus ou moins personnelles, un travailleur peut faire des « gratuités » et des arrangements exorbitants au regard de la réglementation et semble-t-il, en accord avec ses propres principes et valeurs… C’est ce que nous nommons le rapport au temps. D’où, en signalant que l’emploi du temps individuel et sa rétribution constituent les principaux objets de transaction dans le monde salarial, on conçoit donc que le rapport au temps est l’élément structurant de la culture professionnelle. Celle-ci correspond à un ensemble de prescriptions et/ou de proscriptions, de manières de se comporter, d’agir… relevant a priori d’un bon sens (professionnel partagé par les membres d’un groupe professionnel. Cette culture professionnelle amalgame, englobe et transcende les cultures spécifiques d’entreprise. Chez les agents d’animation, par exemple, quel que soit l’employeur, chacun trouve « normal » de travailler dans un temps scandé et « déritualisé », haché et fragmenté, bref décalé de la temporalité sociale dominante, là où, ailleurs, dans un autre domaine d’activité, cette situation aurait été jugée inacceptable ou refusée… De même que l’animateur attend que son travail lui donne plaisir et respecte sa vie personnelle, ce qui n’est pas forcément vrai chez le salarié ordinaire.Sociography of a « culture of time » as a foundation of professional cultureThe example of sociocultural officersWorking for a company means renting to it for money a part of a personal time. This time is used according law, branch agreements and company level. But, in certain conditions, for some personal

  14. Backward emission of protons in Au+Au collisions at 11.7 A.GeV/c

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ahle, L.; Akiba, Y.

    1993-08-01

    We present preliminary results for the emission of target rapidity protons in minimum bias and central 11.7 A.GeV/c Au+Au collisions. The data span the pseudo-rapidity range |η| ≤ 0.76 and proton kinetic energy range of 50 ≤ E ≤ 200 MeV. The slopes of the kinetic energy spectra and dN/dη values for central and minimum bias collisions are strikingly similar. Comparison of the results to results for Si+Au and p+A shows that the shape of the dN/dη distribution is independent of the reaction system or centrality suggesting that the spectator matter does not play a decisive role in determining the shape of the proton distributions at back angles for these systems at AGS energies

  15. Enhanced selective photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CH4 over plasmonic Au modified g-C3N4 photocatalyst under UV-vis light irradiation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Hailong; Gao, Yan; Xiong, Zhuo; Liao, Chen; Shih, Kaimin

    2018-05-01

    A series of Au-g-C3N4 (Au-CN) catalysts were prepared through a NaBH4-reduction method using g-C3N4 (CN) from pyrolysis of urea as precursor. The catalysts' surface area, crystal structure, surface morphology, chemical state, functional group composition and optical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) diffuse reflectance spectra, fourier transform infrared, photoluminescence and transient photocurrent analysis. The carbon dioxide (CO2) photoreduction activities under ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) light irradiation were significantly enhanced when gold (Au) was loaded on the surface of CN. 2Au-CN catalyst with Au to CN mole ratio of 2% showed the best catalytic activity. After 2 h UV-vis light irradiation, the methane (CH4) yield over the 2Au-CN catalyst was 9.1 times higher than that over the pure CN. The CH4 selectivity also greatly improved for the 2Au-CN compared to the CN. The deposited Au nanoparticles facilitated the separation of electron-hole pairs on the CN surface. Moreover, the surface plasmon resonance effect of Au further promoted the generation of hot electrons and visible light absorption. Therefore, Au loading significantly improved CO2 photoreduction performance of CN under UV-vis light irradiation.

  16. Energy densities of Alfven waves between 0.7 and 1.6 AU. [in interplanetary medium

    Science.gov (United States)

    Belcher, J. W.; Burchsted, R.

    1974-01-01

    Plasma and field data from Mariner 4 and 5 between 0.7 and 1.6 AU are used to study the radial dependence of the levels of microscale fluctuation associated with interplanetary Alfven waves. The observed decrease of these levels with increasing distance from the sun is consistent with little or no local generation or damping of the ambient Alfven waves over this range of radial distance.

  17. n+ GaAs/AuGeNi-Au Thermocouple-Type RF MEMS Power Sensors Based on Dual Thermal Flow Paths in GaAs MMIC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zhiqiang Zhang

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available To achieve radio frequency (RF power detection, gain control, and circuit protection, this paper presents n+ GaAs/AuGeNi-Au thermocouple-type RF microelectromechanical system (MEMS power sensors based on dual thermal flow paths. The sensors utilize a conversion principle of RF power-heat-voltage, where a thermovoltage is obtained as the RF power changes. To improve the heat transfer efficiency and the sensitivity, structures of two heat conduction paths are designed: one in which a thermal slug of Au is placed between two load resistors and hot junctions of the thermocouples, and one in which a back cavity is fabricated by the MEMS technology to form a substrate membrane underneath the resistors and the hot junctions. The improved sensors were fabricated by a GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC process. Experiments show that these sensors have reflection losses of less than −17 dB up to 12 GHz. At 1, 5, and 10 GHz, measured sensitivities are about 63.45, 53.97, and 44.14 µV/mW for the sensor with the thermal slug, and about 111.03, 94.79, and 79.04 µV/mW for the sensor with the thermal slug and the back cavity, respectively.

  18. $D^{0}$ meson $v_{n}$ harmonics in PbPb collisions at $5.02~\\mathrm{TeV}$

    CERN Document Server

    CMS Collaboration

    2016-01-01

    The Fourier coefficients $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$, which reflect the azimuthal anisotropy of $D^0$ meson, is measured with scalar-product method in PbPb collisions at $\\sqrt{s_\\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02~\\mathrm{TeV}$ with CMS. The measurement is done in a wide $p_T$ range up to $40~\\mathrm{GeV}/c$, for centrality classes 0-10$\\%$, 10-30$\\%$ and 30-50$\\%$. It is the first measurement on $D^0$ $v_{3}$ and the uncertainties on $D^0$ $v_{2}$ are significantly improved compared with previous measurements. The measured $D^0$ $v_{n}$ (n = 2, 3) is consistent with charged particle $v_{n}$ in central collisions, and begins to be lower than charged particles $v_{n}$ in $p_T$ range 1 to $6~\\mathrm{GeV}/c$ for more peripheral collisions. In high $p_T$ range, non-zero $D^0$ $v_{2}$ is also observed, which indicates the path length dependent energy loss of charm quark.

  19. {phi} meson production in Au + Au and p + p collisions at {radical}s{sub NN}=200 GeV

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Adams, J.; Adler, C.; Aggarwal, M.M.; Ahammed, Z.; Amonett, J.; Anderson, B.D.; Arkhipkin, D.; Averichev, G.S.; Badyal, S.K.; Balewski, J.; Barannikova, O.; Barnby, L.S.; Baudot, J.; Bekele, S.; Belaga, V.V.; Bellwied, R.; Berger, J.; Bezverkhny, B.I.; Bhardwaj, S.; Bhati, A.K.; Bichsel, H.; Billmeier, A.; Bland, L.C.; Blyth, C.O.; Bonner, B.E.; Botje, M.; Boucham, A.; Brandin, A.; Bravar, A.; Cadman, R.V.; Cai, X.Z.; Caines, H.; Calderon de la Barca Sanchez, M.; Carroll, J.; Castillo, J.; Cebra, D.; Chaloupka, P.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, H.F.; Chen, Y.; Chernenko, S.P.; Cherney, M.; Chikanian, A.; Christie, W.; Coffin, J.P.; Cormier, T.M.; Cramer, J.G.; Crawford, H.J.; Das, D.; Das, S.; Derevschikov, A.A.; Didenko, L.; Dietel, T.; Dong, W.J.; Dong, X.; Draper, J.E.; Du, F.; Dubey, A.K.; Dunin, V.B.; Dunlop, J.C.; Dutta Majumdar, M.R.; Eckardt, V.; Efimov, L.G.; Emelianov, V.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Fachini, P.; Faine, V.; Faivre, J.; Fatemi, R.; Filimonov, K.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Flierl, D.; Foley, K.J.; Fu, J.; Gagliardi, C.A.; Gagunashvili, N.; Gans, J.; Ganti, M.S.; Gaudichet, L.; Germain, M.; Geurts, F.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Ghosh, P.; Gonzalez, J.E.; Grachov, O.; Grebenyuk, O.; Gronstal, S.; Grosnick, D.; Guedon, M.; Guertin, S.M.; Gupta, A.; Gutierrez, T.D.; Hallman, T.J.; Hamed, A.; Hardtke, D.; Harris, J.W.; Heinz, M.; Henry, T.W.; Heppelmann, S.; Hippolyte, B.; Hirsch, A.; Hjort, E.; Hoffmann, G.W.; Horsley, M.; Huang, H.Z.; Huang, S.L.; Hughes, E.; Humanic, T.J.; Igo, G.; Ishihara, A.; Jacobs, P.; Jacobs, W.W.; Janik, M.; Johnson, I.; Jones, P.G.; Judd, E.G.; Kabana, S.; Kaplan, M.; Keane, D.; Khodyrev; Kiryluk, J.; Kisiel, A.; Klay, J.; Klein, S.R.; Klyachko, A.; Koetke, D.D.; Kollegger, T.; Kopytine, S.M.; Kotchenda, L.; Kovalenko, A.D.; Kramer, M.; Kravtsov, P.; Kravstov, V.I.; Krueger, K.; Kuhn, C.; Kulikov, A.I.; Kumar, A.; Kunde, G.J.; Kunz, C.L.; Kutuev, R.Kh.; et al.

    2004-06-01

    We report the STAR measurement of {psi} meson production in Au + Au and p + p collisions at {radical}s{sub NN} = 200 GeV. Using the event mixing technique, the {psi} spectra and yields are obtained at midrapidity for five centrality bins in Au+Au collisions and for non-singly-diffractive p+p collisions. It is found that the {psi} transverse momentum distributions from Au+Au collisions are better fitted with a single-exponential while the p+p spectrum is better described by a double-exponential distribution. The measured nuclear modification factors indicate that {psi} production in central Au+Au collisions is suppressed relative to peripheral collisions when scaled by the number of binary collisions (<N{sub bin}>). The systematics of versus centrality and the constant {psi}/K{sup -} ratio versus beam species, centrality, and collision energy rule out kaon coalescence as the dominant mechanism for {psi} production.

  20. Charge transfer and band bending at Au/Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 interfaces investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Apostol, Nicoleta G.; Stoflea, Laura E.; Lungu, George A.; Chirila, Cristina; Trupina, Lucian; Negrea, Raluca F.; Ghica, Corneliu; Pintilie, Lucian; Teodorescu, Cristian M.

    2013-01-01

    The growth of gold layers on Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) deposited on SrTiO 3 is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in the Au thickness range 2–100 Å. Two phases are identified, with compositions close to nominal PZT. The ‘standard’ phase is represented by all binding energies (Pb 4f, Ti 2p, Zr 3d, O 1s) sensibly equal to the nominal values for PZT, whereas the ‘charged’ phase exhibits all core levels are shifted by ∼1 eV toward higher binding energies. By taking into account also scanning probe microscopy images together with recent photoemission results, the ‘charged’ phase belongs to P (+) regions of PZT, whereas the ‘normal’ phase corresponds to regions with no net ferroelectric polarization perpendicular to the surface. Au deposition proceeds in a band bending of Φ PZT − Φ Au ∼ 0.4–0.5 eV for both phases, identified as similar shifts toward higher binding energies of all Pb, Ti, Zr, O core levels with Au deposition. The Au 4f core level exhibits also an unusually low binding energy component 1 eV below the ‘nominal’ Au 4f binding energy position (metal Au). This implies the existence of negatively charged gold, or electron transfer from PZT to Au, although the ‘normal’ PZT phase have a higher work function, as it is derived from the band bending. Most probably this charge transfer occurs toward Au nanoparticles, which have even higher ionization energies. High resolution transmission electron microscopy evidenced the formation of such isolated nanoparticles.

  1. Analysis of Redox Responses During TNT Transformation by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 and Mutants Exhibiting Altered Metabolism

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-01-01

    vivo methylation in Escherichia coli by the Bacillus subtilis phage ϕ3T methyltrans- ferase to protect plasmids from restriction upon transformation of...buffered CGM medium with appropriate antibiotics and incubated overnight as seed cul- tures. An appropriate amount from seed culture was used for the...protocol (Mermelstein and Papoutsakis 1993); positive transformants were isolated on agar-solidified CGM supple- mented with the appropriate antibiotic

  2. Harnessing Mobile Phones for Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV ...

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    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  3. Strengthening Evidence-based Policy Research and Advocacy for ...

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    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  18. Health Financing and Benefit Incidence Analysis in Uganda and ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  19. Strengthening Research Capacity to Enhance Natural Resources ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  20. Building Peace and Security Research Capacity in Eastern Africa ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  1. Research Capacity Building on ICT4D in the Middle East and North ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  2. Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa (CEEPA ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  3. Access to Knowledge Southern Africa : Universities, Open Research ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  4. Promoting Debates on Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'Initiative des conseils subventionnaires de la recherche scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique. L'Initiative des conseils ... Un supplément de revue présente 10 années de recherche sur les systèmes de santé en Afrique de l'Ouest. À la suite de l'épidémie de virus ébolique ...

  5. (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) à base de Azolla filiculoïdes, Elaeis ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    L'intérêt des engrais organiques réside selon, Ben et al. (2014), dans leur capacité à favoriser le développement du plancton et des macroinvertébrés, qui sont les sources nutritives principales ou supplémentaires, pour la croissance des poissons. Ainsi les éléments comme l'azote et le phosphore constituent les principaux ...

  6. Structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Au-based monolayer derivatives in honeycomb structure

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kapoor, Pooja, E-mail: pupooja16@gmail.com; Sharma, Munish; Ahluwalia, P. K. [Physics Department, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India 171005 (India); Kumar, Ashok [Centre for Physical Sciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India, 151001 (India)

    2016-05-23

    We present electronic properties of atomic layer of Au, Au{sub 2}-N, Au{sub 2}-O and Au{sub 2}-F in graphene-like structure within the framework of density functional theory (DFT). The lattice constant of derived monolayers are found to be higher than the pristine Au monolayer. Au monolayer is metallic in nature with quantum ballistic conductance calculated as 4G{sub 0}. Similarly, Au{sub 2}-N and Au{sub 2}-F monolayers show 4G{sub 0} and 2G{sub 0} quantum conductance respectively while semiconducting nature with calculated band gap of 0.28 eV has been observed for Au{sub 2}-O monolayer. Most interestingly, half metalicity has been predicted for Au{sub 2}-N and Au{sub 2}-F monolayers. Our findings may have importance for the application of these monolayers in nanoelectronic and spintronics.

  7. Les peintures murales de Saint-Pierre de Colonzelle : une découverte récente dans le canton de Grignan (Drôme

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Geneviève Jourdan

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Eglise d'un prieuré clunisien mentionné dès le Xe siècle, la chapelle Saint-Pierre-ès-liens de Colonzelle est un petit édifice roman du XIIe siècle, isolé dans la plaine. Son plan très simple, à chevet semi-circulaire, n'a pas été modifié. La construction en petit appareil, aux pierres de parement hachurées ou à chevrons, est agrémentée de marques lapidaires et d'un sobre décor sculpté. Son intégrité lui a valu l'inscription à l'Inventaire supplémentaire des Monuments historiques en 1926.Rien...

  8. Assessing Accuracy of Nine Methods by Means of CAP CN3 (USA, International Participant) and SEEK AKS (Czech Republic) 1999 Chemistry Surveys: Significant Differences Observed between Surveys in Monitoring On-Site Daily Accuracy of Four Routine Analytes (Calcium, Sodium, Uric Acid, Cholesterol) when Anchored against Definitive Method Correlated Target Values

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Valík, D.; Nekulová, M.; Pecen, Ladislav; Votavová, I.

    2001-01-01

    Roč. 47, 6 Suppl. Part 2 (2001), s. 86 ISSN 0009-9147. [Annual Meeting /53./. 29.07.2001-02.08.2001, Chicago] R&D Projects: GA MZd NC6405 Institutional research plan: AV0Z1030915 Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics

  9. Rock et cinéma : quelques éléments sur une relation durable

    OpenAIRE

    Ribac, François

    2006-01-01

    nérique d’ouverture Le numéro de Volume ! que vous allez lire est consacré aux relations entre le rock et le cinéma. Il est publié au moment où s’ouvre la deuxième édition du Festival Paris-Cinéma. Celui-ci comprend un cycle « rock et cinéma » présenté au cinéma l’Entrepôt, à Paris, du 30 juin au 13 juillet 2004. Si l’on cherche à établir des relations entre les mondes du rock et ceux du cinéma, en voici une première illustration, puisque ce numéro est en effet coproduit par un festival de ...

  10. Chemical Reactions at the Au/InP Interface.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1986-10-15

    Chye , et al., 6 using various forms of photoemission spectroscopy and ion-depth profiling techniques, found that extremely thin Au films 3 interacted...Appl. Phys. 50, 1445 (1979). 6) P.W. ChYe , I. Lindau, P. Pianetta, Ci’!. Garner, C.Y. Su and W.E. Spicer, Physical Review B, 19, 5545 (1978). 7) R.F.C...Brilison, C.F. Brucker, A.D. Katnani, N.G. Stoffel, and G. Margaritondo, J.Vac.Soi Technol., 19, 661 (1981). 13) 1. Caznlibel, A.K. Chin , F. Eruanis

  11. Reactions of mixed silver-gold cluster cations AgmAun+ (m+n=4,5,6) with CO: Radiative association kinetics and density functional theory computations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Neumaier, Marco; Weigend, Florian; Hampe, Oliver; Kappes, Manfred M.

    2006-01-01

    Near thermal energy reactive collisions of small mixed metal cluster cations Ag m Au n + (m+n=4, 5, and 6) with carbon monoxide have been studied in the room temperature Penning trap of a Fourier transform ion-cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometer as a function of cluster size and composition. The tetrameric species AgAu 3 + and Ag 2 Au 2 + are found to react dissociatively by way of Au or Ag atom loss, respectively, to form the cluster carbonyl AgAu 2 CO + . In contrast, measurements on a selection of pentamers and hexamers show that CO is added with absolute rate constants that decrease with increasing silver content. Experimentally determined absolute rate constants for CO adsorption were analyzed using the radiative association kinetics model to obtain cluster cation-CO binding energies ranging from 0.77 to 1.09 eV. High-level ab initio density functional theory (DFT) computations identifying the lowest-energy cluster isomers and the respective CO adsorption energies are in good agreement with the experimental findings clearly showing that CO binds in a ''head-on'' fashion to a gold atom in the mixed clusters. DFT exploration of reaction pathways in the case of Ag 2 Au 2 + suggests that exoergicities are high enough to access the minimum energy products for all reactive clusters probed

  12. Effects of thermal annealing on electrical characteristics of Cd/CdS/n-Si/Au-Sb sandwich structure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saglam, M.; Ates, A.; Guezeldir, B.; Astam, A.; Yildirim, M.A.

    2009-01-01

    In general, at the metal-semiconductor contacts, interfacial layers have been fabricated by different methods such as molecular beam epitaxy, metal organic chemical vapor deposition, sputtering and vacuum evaporation. However, all of these techniques have encountered various difficulties in the deposited films. Instead of these methods, since Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method is simple, fast, sensitive, and less costly to prepare interfacial layer, we have first employed this method in order to prepare Cd/CdS/n-Si/Au-Sb sandwich structure. For this reason, the CdS thin film has been directly formed on n-type Si substrate by means of SILAR method. The Cd/CdS/n-Si/Au-Sb sandwich structure has demonstrated clearly rectifying behaviour by the current-voltage (I-V) curves studied at room temperature. In order to observe the effect of the thermal annealing, this structure has been annealed at temperatures from 50 to 300 deg. C for 3 min in N 2 atmosphere. The characteristic parameters such as barrier height, ideality factor and series resistance of this structure have been calculated from the forward bias I-V characteristics as a function of annealing temperature with different methods. The values of n, Φ b and mean R s of the initial Cd/CdS/n-Si/Au-Sb sandwich structure were found to be 2.31, 0.790 eV and 1.86 kΩ respectively. After annealing at 300 deg. C, these values were changed to 1.89, 0.765 eV and 0.48 kΩ. It has been seen that the barrier height, ideality factor and series resistance have slightly changed with increasing annealing temperature up to 300 deg. C.

  13. Ohmic contacts on n-type β-Ga2O3 using AZO/Ti/Au

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patrick H. Carey IV

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available AZO interlayers between n-Ga2O3 and Ti/Au metallization significantly enhance Ohmic contact formation after annealing at ≥ 300°C. Without the presence of the AZO, similar anneals produce only rectifying current-voltage characteristics. Transmission Line Measurements of the Au/Ti/AZO/Ga2O3 stacks showed the specific contact resistance and transfer resistance decreased sharply from as-deposited values with annealing. The minimum contact resistance and specific contact resistance of 0.42 Ω-mm and 2.82 × 10-5 Ω-cm2 were achieved after a relatively low temperature 400°C annealing. The conduction band offset between AZO and Ga2O3 is 0.79 eV and provides a favorable pathway for improved electron transport across this interface.

  14. Ohmic contacts on n-type β-Ga2O3 using AZO/Ti/Au

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carey, Patrick H.; Yang, Jiancheng; Ren, F.; Hays, David C.; Pearton, S. J.; Jang, Soohwan; Kuramata, Akito; Kravchenko, Ivan I.

    2017-09-01

    AZO interlayers between n-Ga2O3 and Ti/Au metallization significantly enhance Ohmic contact formation after annealing at ≥ 30 0°C. Without the presence of the AZO, similar anneals produce only rectifying current-voltage characteristics. Transmission Line Measurements of the Au/Ti/AZO/Ga2O3 stacks showed the specific contact resistance and transfer resistance decreased sharply from as-deposited values with annealing. The minimum contact resistance and specific contact resistance of 0.42 Ω-mm and 2.82 × 10-5 Ω-cm2 were achieved after a relatively low temperature 40 0°C annealing. The conduction band offset between AZO and Ga2O3 is 0.79 eV and provides a favorable pathway for improved electron transport across this interface.

  15. Experimental Conditions: SE3_S02_M02_D03 [Metabolonote[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available SE3_S02_M02_D03 SE3 Comparison of fruit metabolites among tomato varieties 1 SE3_S0...2 Solanum lycopersicum House Momotaro fruit SE3_S02_M02 6.7 mg [MassBase ID] MDLC1_25530 SE3_MS1 LC-FT-ICR-M

  16. Experimental Conditions: SE3_S02_M02_D01 [Metabolonote[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available SE3_S02_M02_D01 SE3 Comparison of fruit metabolites among tomato varieties 1 SE3_S0...2 Solanum lycopersicum House Momotaro fruit SE3_S02_M02 6.7 mg [MassBase ID] MDLC1_25530 SE3_MS1 LC-FT-ICR-M

  17. Proton rapidity distributions from 60 GeV/n 16O+Au collisions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Baechler, J.; Hoffman, M.; Runge, K.; Schmoetten, E.; Bialkowska, H.; Bock, R.; Brockmann, R.; Guerra, C.; Humanic, T.; Sandoval, A.; Buncic, P.; Ljubicic, A.; Paic, G.; Vranic, D.; Chase, S.I.; Favuzzi, C.; Ferenec, D.; Nappi, E.; Posa, F.; Spinelli, P.; Derado, I.; Eckardt, V.; Gebauer, H.J.; Rauch, W.; Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Seyerlein, J.; Vesztergombi, G.; Eschke, J.; Heck, W.; Kabana, S.; Kuhmichel, A.; Lahanas, M.; Lee, Y.; Margetis, S.; Renfordt, R.; Rohrich, D.; Rothard, H.; Schmidt, E.; Schneider, I.; Stock, R.; Stroebele, H.; Wenig, S.; Kadija, K.; Karabarbounis, A.; Panagiotou, A.; Petridis, A.; Vassileiadis, G.; Keidel, R.; Piper, A.; Puhlhofer, F.; Kosiec, J.; Warsaw Univ.

    1990-05-01

    An analysis of the proton rapidity distribution in central 16 O+Au collisions at 60 GeV/n measured in the NA35 streamer chamber detector at the CERN SPS is presented. The charge excess of positive particles over negative particles was measured. The rapidity distribution of the charge excess which can be associated with the primordial protons in the collision is studied in terms of the nuclear stopping power and is compared to the predictions of various models. 7 refs., 2 figs

  18. Proton rapidity distributions from 60 GeV/n 16O + Au collisions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tonse, S.

    1990-05-01

    An analysis of the proton rapidity distribution in central 16 O + Au collisions at 60 GeV/n measured in the NA35 streamer chamber detector at the CERN SPS is presented. The charge excess of positive particles over negative particles was measured. The rapidity distribution of the charge excess which can be associated with the primordial protons in the collision is studies in terms of the nuclear stopping power and is compared to the predictions of various models. 7 refs., 2 figs

  19. LA COMMUNICATION SANTE : NOUVEL ENJEU DE LA CONSOMMATION ALIMENTAIRE Contexte réglementaire et statut juridique des aliments santé

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Coutrelis Nicole

    2001-07-01

    Full Text Available À la frontière de l’aliment et du médicament, les « aliments santé » sont aujourd’hui au centre de toutes les attentions - et de toutes les interrogations - du secteur de l’agroalimentaire. La notion n’étant pas définie par la loi et le vocabulaire utilisé variant d’un ouvrage ou d’un auteur à l’autre, la matière est difficilement et diversement appréhendée par les professionnels et les consommateurs. Aussi, afin d’assurer à la présente étude la cohérence nécessaire à la compréhension du sujet, lui-même fort complexe, on privilégiera une définition large (et nécessairement subjective de la notion d’aliments santé 1. Dès lors, celle-ci recouvrira : - les aliments traditionnels comportant des allégations faisant un lien, quel qu’il soit, avec la santé ; - les aliments dits « fonctionnels » ; - les aliments traditionnels supplémentés; - l’alimentation particulière; - les compléments alimentaires. Tels que définis, les aliments santé sont soumis à un régime juridique au centre d’un prisme composé de nombreuses réglementations, communautaires et françaises, relatives aux denrées alimentaires et aux médicaments. La multiplicité de ces réglementations ne va pas sans difficulté, leur mise en oeuvre manquant parfois de la cohérence qui serait nécessaire à la sécurité juridique. Essentiellement centrée sur l’information et la protection du consommateur, la réglementation actuellement applicable en France est à la fois générale et spécifique. Générale en ce sens que les règles relatives à la sécurité des produits 2, l’étiquetage et la présentation 3, et en matière de responsabilité civile 4 sont applicables aux aliments santé comme à tout autre produit. Spécifique dans la mesure où des textes plus précis concernent plus directement et/ou exclusivement les aliments santé. En synthétisant à l’extrême les règles applicables à la matière, l

  20. Études des pratiques funéraires éthiopiennes : contextes, sources et enjeux. Introduction au dossier

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anaïs Wion

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Ce dossier rassemble des articles issus d’un séminaire de recherche sur la mort et les funérailles en Éthiopie qui a eu lieu entre 2002 et 2004 au Centre de recherches africaines de l’Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, animé par les enseignants-chercheurs, chercheurs, doctorants et post-doctorants travaillant sur l’Éthiopie. Ce séminaire se voulait délibérément ouvert aux différentes périodes, aux disciplines, aux aires culturelles qui recouvrent l’espace éthiopien d’aujourd’hui, même si l...

  1. Eléments de mathématique topologie algébrique

    CERN Document Server

    Bourbaki, Nicolas

    2016-01-01

    Ce livre des Éléments de mathématique est consacré à la Topologie algébrique. Les quatre premiers chapitres présentent la théorie des revêtements d'un espace topologique et du groupe de Poincaré. On construit le revêtement universel d'un espace connexe pointé délaçable et on établit l'équivalence de catégories entre revêtements de cet espace et actions du groupe de Poincaré. On démontre une version générale du théorème de van Kampen exprimant le groupoïde de Poincaré d'un espace topologique comme un coégalisateur de diagrammes de groupoïdes. Dans de nombreuses situations géométriques, on en déduit une présentation explicite du groupe de Poincaré. .

  2. The kinetics of phagocytosis of 198Au colloids ''in vitro''

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Astorri, N.L.; Bergoc, R.M.; Bianchin, A.M.; Caro, R.A.; Ihlo, J.E.; Rivera, E.S.

    1982-01-01

    The kinetics of the phagocytosis of 198-Au colloids by macrophages ''in vitro'' was studied by incubating during 5 hours phagocytic cells from the liver and the spleen of Wistar rats with colloidal radiogold particles, in the presence of an adequate culture medium (TC-199 with 10 per cent of Bovine Fetal Serum). In each experiment, the number of colloidal gold particles offered to each phatocytic cell, (Au) 0 and the mean rate of phagocytosis v, were calculated. The latter value was determined by measuring the radioactivity incorporated into the phagocytic cells during the incubation; it was expressed as the number of phagocytized colloidal gold particles per cell per minute. The values of log v = f [log (Au) 0 ] were plotted. The Lineweaver-Burk analysis of the results demonstrates that the kinetics of the phagocytosis of colloidal radiogold particles ''in vitro'' follows a model similar to Michaelis-Menten equations for enzyme reactions. The values of the substratum constant Ks and maximun velocity Vm were obtained by the regression analysis of the 1/v vs. 1/(Au) 0 graph. Vm was equal to 9.44 x 10 and 1.63 x 10 phagocytized colloidal gold particles per cell per minute for liver and spleen macrophages, respectively. Ks was equal to 6.01 x 10 9 and 8.02 x 10 8 colloidal gold particles per cell for liver and spleen macrophages, respectively. The significance of these differences is discussed and attributed mainly to a change of the specific engulfment rate constant. (author) [es

  3. High-temperature stability of Au/Pd/Cu and Au/Pd(P)/Cu surface finishes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ho, C. E.; Hsieh, W. Z.; Lee, P. T.; Huang, Y. H.; Kuo, T. T.

    2018-03-01

    Thermal reliability of Au/Pd/Cu and Au/Pd(4-6 wt.% P)/Cu trilayers in the isothermal annealing at 180 °C were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The pure Pd film possessed a nanocrystalline structure with numerous grain boundaries, thereby facilitating the interdiffusion between Au and Cu. Out-diffusion of Cu through Pd and Au grain boundaries yielded a significant amount of Cu oxides (CuO and Cu2O) over the Au surface and gave rise to void formation in the Cu film. By contrast, the Pd(P) film was amorphous and served as a good diffusion barrier against Cu diffusion. The results of this study indicated that amorphous Pd(P) possessed better oxidation resistance and thermal reliability than crystalline Pd.

  4. Along the N=126 closed shell: study of $^{205}$Au through its $\\pi h_{11/2}^{-1}$ isomeric decay

    CERN Multimedia

    2002-01-01

    Excited states have been identified in only three of the N=126 closed shell nuclei 'below' $^{208}$Pb, $^{207}$Tl, $^{206}$Hg and very recently $^{204}$Pt. We aim to extend our knowledge of the neutron-rich N=126 nuclei by observing the internal decay of the $\\pi h^{-1}_{11/2}$ excited state in $^{205}$Au, which is expected to be isomeric. In addition, the decay of the analogous states in the N=122 and N=124 $^{201,203}$Au will be studied. The lifetimes of the expected isomeric states are crucial for the success of the experiment, and they are estimated to be in the range of 0.3-20 s. These are long enough to enable the extraction from the source, but shorter than the $\\beta$-decay half-lives. Proton single-particle energies and transition rates will be extracted, providing information about the robustness of the N=126 shell-closure. Three days of beam-time is requested.

  5. Cosmic Ray Helium Isotopes From 0.2 to 3.6 GeV/nucleon

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Reimer, O.; Hof, M.; Menn, W.

    1996-01-01

    mass by means of the velocity vs. magnetic rigidity technique. A model of the instrument response was developed in order to unfold the species and rigidity-dependent effects. Measurements and astrophysical interpretation of the ^3He/^4He isotope ratio from 0.2 to 3.6 GeV/nucleon will be presented...

  6. IPv6:n tietoturvaominaisuudet

    OpenAIRE

    Sorsa, Kari

    2013-01-01

    Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena on esitellä IPv6-protokolla ja selvittää sen tärkeimmät tietoturvaominaisuudet ja -riskit. Työtä tullaan käyttämään teoreettisena apuna Turun Ammattikorkeakoulun Lemminkäisenkadun toimipisteen laboratorioverkon siirtämisessä IPv6:een. Opinnäytetyö on jaettu kolmeen osaan. Ensimmäisessä esitellään lyhyesti IPv6:n historia ja kehitysvaiheet sekä uuden protokollan ominaisuudet. Toinen osa koostuu ominaisuus- ja tietoturvavertailusta IPv4:n ja IPv6:n välillä, jo...

  7. Au 38 (SPh) 24 : Au 38 Protected with Aromatic Thiolate Ligands

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rambukwella, Milan; Burrage, Shayna; Neubrander, Marie; Baseggio, Oscar; Aprà, Edoardo; Stener, Mauro; Fortunelli, Alessandro; Dass, Amala

    2017-03-21

    Au38(SR)24 is one of the most extensively investigated gold nanomolecules along with Au25(SR)18 and Au144(SR)60. However, so far it has only been prepared using aliphatic-like ligands, where R = –SC6H13, -SC12H25 and –SCH2CH2Ph. Au38(SCH2CH2Ph)24 when reacted with HSPh undergoes core-size conversion to Au36(SPh)24, and existing literature suggest that Au38(SPh)24 cannot be synthesized. Here, contrary to prevailing knowledge, we demonstrate that Au38(SPh)24 can be prepared if the ligand exchanged conditions are optimized, without any formation of Au36(SPh)24. Conclusive evidence is presented in the form of MALDI-MS, ESI-MS characterization, and optical spectra of Au38(SPh)24 in a solid glass form showing distinct differences from that of Au38(S-aliphatic)24. Theoretical analysis confirms experimental assignment of the optical spectrum and shows that the stability of Au38(SPh)24 is comparable to that of its aliphatic analogues, but results from different physical origins, with a significant component of ligand-ligand attractive interactions.

  8. Crença no mundo exterior: Mente e objetividade em Hume

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrea Cachel

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo pretende analisar a discussão humeana sobre a crença nos corpos, apresentada na seção Do ceticismo quanto aos sentidos, do Tratado da Natureza Humana, e na seção Da Filosofia Acadêmica ou Cética, das Investigações acerca do Entendimento Humano. Em especial, ele procura mostrar que a inteligibilidade da existência externa funda-se em uma atividade da mente, por meio da atuação da imaginação, e pressupõe uma resignificação dos conceitos de mente e de percepção. Para tanto, parte da exposição de alguns pressupostos da questão, tais como a tradução da existência externa nas noções de continuidade e distinção, a separação entre sistema vulgar e filosófico e o significado da rejeição dos sentidos e da razão como possíveis causas da crença no mundo.

  9. Uptake of Au(III) Ions by Aluminum Hydroxide and Their Spontaneous Reduction to Elemental Gold (Au(0)).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yokoyama; Matsukado; Uchida; Motomura; Watanabe; Izawa

    2001-01-01

    The behavior of AuCl(4)(-) ions during the formation of aluminum hydroxide at pH 6 was examined. With an increase in NaCl concentration, the content of gold taken up by aluminum hydroxide decreased, suggesting that chloro-hydroxy complexes of Au(III) ion were taken up due to the formation of Al-O-Au bonds. It was found unexpectedly that the Au(III) ions taken up were spontaneously reduced to elemental gold without addition of a specific reducing reagent and then colloidal gold particles were formed. The mechanisms for the uptake of Au(III) ions by aluminum hydroxide and for their spontaneous reduction are discussed. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.

  10. Charge-Dependent Directed Flow in Cu +Au Collisions at √{sN N } =200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Ahammed, Z.; Alekseev, I.; Anderson, D. M.; Aoyama, R.; Aparin, A.; Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Ashraf, M. U.; Attri, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bai, X.; Bairathi, V.; Bellwied, R.; Bhasin, A.; Bhati, A. K.; Bhattarai, P.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bland, L. C.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Bouchet, J.; Brandenburg, J. D.; Brandin, A. V.; Bunzarov, I.; Butterworth, J.; Caines, H.; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M.; Campbell, J. M.; Cebra, D.; Chakaberia, I.; Chaloupka, P.; Chang, Z.; Chatterjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chen, X.; Chen, J. H.; Cheng, J.; Cherney, M.; Christie, W.; Contin, G.; Crawford, H. J.; Das, S.; De Silva, L. C.; Debbe, R. R.; Dedovich, T. G.; Deng, J.; Derevschikov, A. A.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dilks, C.; Dong, X.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Draper, J. E.; Du, C. M.; Dunkelberger, L. E.; Dunlop, J. C.; Efimov, L. G.; Engelage, J.; Eppley, G.; Esha, R.; Esumi, S.; Evdokimov, O.; Eyser, O.; Fatemi, R.; Fazio, S.; Federic, P.; Fedorisin, J.; Feng, Z.; Filip, P.; Finch, E.; Fisyak, Y.; Flores, C. E.; Fulek, L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Garand, D.; Geurts, F.; Gibson, A.; Girard, M.; Greiner, L.; Grosnick, D.; Gunarathne, D. S.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, S.; Gupta, A.; Guryn, W.; Hamad, A. I.; Hamed, A.; Haque, R.; Harris, J. W.; He, L.; Heppelmann, S.; Heppelmann, S.; Hirsch, A.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Horvat, S.; Huang, B.; Huang, X.; Huang, H. Z.; Huang, T.; Huck, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Igo, G.; Jacobs, W. W.; Jentsch, A.; Jia, J.; Jiang, K.; Jowzaee, S.; Judd, E. G.; Kabana, S.; Kalinkin, D.; Kang, K.; Kauder, K.; Ke, H. W.; Keane, D.; Kechechyan, A.; Khan, Z. H.; Kikoła, D. P.; Kisel, I.; Kisiel, A.; Kochenda, L.; Koetke, D. D.; Kosarzewski, L. K.; Kraishan, A. F.; Kravtsov, P.; Krueger, K.; Kumar, L.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Landry, K. D.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lednicky, R.; Lee, J. H.; Li, Y.; Li, C.; Li, W.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Lin, T.; Lisa, M. A.; Liu, Y.; Liu, F.; Ljubicic, T.; Llope, W. J.; Lomnitz, M.; Longacre, R. S.; Luo, X.; Luo, S.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, R.; Ma, Y. G.; Ma, L.; Magdy, N.; Majka, R.; Manion, A.; Margetis, S.; Markert, C.; Matis, H. S.; McDonald, D.; McKinzie, S.; Meehan, K.; Mei, J. C.; Miller, Z. W.; Minaev, N. G.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D.; Mohanty, B.; Mondal, M. M.; Morozov, D. A.; Mustafa, M. K.; Nandi, B. K.; Nasim, Md.; Nayak, T. K.; Nigmatkulov, G.; Niida, T.; Nogach, L. V.; Nonaka, T.; Novak, J.; Nurushev, S. B.; Odyniec, G.; Ogawa, A.; Oh, K.; Okorokov, V. A.; Olvitt, D.; Page, B. S.; Pak, R.; Pan, Y. X.; Pandit, Y.; Panebratsev, Y.; Pawlik, B.; Pei, H.; Perkins, C.; Pile, P.; Pluta, J.; Poniatowska, K.; Porter, J.; Posik, M.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Pruthi, N. K.; Przybycien, M.; Putschke, J.; Qiu, H.; Quintero, A.; Ramachandran, S.; Ray, R. L.; Reed, R.; Rehbein, M. J.; Ritter, H. G.; Roberts, J. B.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Romero, J. L.; Roth, J. D.; Ruan, L.; Rusnak, J.; Rusnakova, O.; Sahoo, N. R.; Sahu, P. K.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sandweiss, J.; Sarkar, A.; Schambach, J.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Schmah, A. M.; Schmidke, W. B.; Schmitz, N.; Seger, J.; Seyboth, P.; Shah, N.; Shahaliev, E.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Shao, M.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M. K.; Sharma, B.; Shen, W. Q.; Shi, S. S.; Shi, Z.; Shou, Q. Y.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sikora, R.; Simko, M.; Singha, S.; Skoby, M. J.; Smirnov, D.; Smirnov, N.; Solyst, W.; Song, L.; Sorensen, P.; Spinka, H. M.; Srivastava, B.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Stepanov, M.; Stock, R.; Strikhanov, M.; Stringfellow, B.; Sugiura, T.; Sumbera, M.; Summa, B.; Sun, Z.; Sun, Y.; Sun, X. M.; Surrow, B.; Svirida, D. N.; Tang, A. H.; Tang, Z.; Tarnowsky, T.; Tawfik, A.; Thäder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Tlusty, D.; Todoroki, T.; Tokarev, M.; Trentalange, S.; Tribble, R. E.; Tribedy, P.; Tripathy, S. K.; Tsai, O. D.; Ullrich, T.; Underwood, D. G.; Upsal, I.; Van Buren, G.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Varma, R.; Vasiliev, A. N.; Vertesi, R.; Videbæk, F.; Vokal, S.; Voloshin, S. A.; Vossen, A.; Wang, G.; Wang, F.; Wang, J. S.; Wang, Y.; Wang, H.; Wang, Y.; Webb, J. C.; Webb, G.; Wen, L.; Westfall, G. D.; Wieman, H.; Wissink, S. W.; Witt, R.; Wu, Y.; Xiao, Z. G.; Xie, W.; Xie, G.; Xin, K.; Xu, Q. H.; Xu, Y. F.; Xu, H.; Xu, Z.; Xu, N.; Xu, J.; Yang, C.; Yang, Y.; Yang, S.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Q.; Yang, Y.; Ye, Z.; Ye, Z.; Yi, L.; Yip, K.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yu, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zha, W.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhu, X.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.; Zyzak, M.; STAR Collaboration

    2017-01-01

    We present the first measurement of charge-dependent directed flow in Cu +Au collisions at √{sN N }=200 GeV . The results are presented as a function of the particle transverse momentum and pseudorapidity for different centralities. A finite difference between the directed flow of positive and negative charged particles is observed that qualitatively agrees with the expectations from the effects of the initial strong electric field between two colliding ions with different nuclear charges. The measured difference in directed flow is much smaller than that obtained from the parton-hadron-string-dynamics model, which suggests that most of the electric charges, i.e., quarks and antiquarks, have not yet been created during the lifetime of the strong electric field, which is of the order of, or less than, 1 fm /c .

  11. Ratios of charged antiparticles to particles near midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at (sNN)=200 GeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Barton, D. S.; Betts, R. R.; Ballintijn, M.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Budzanowski, A.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Decowski, M. P.; Garcia, E.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Heintzelman, G. A.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Katzy, J.; Khan, N.; Kucewicz, W.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; McLeod, D.; Michałowski, J.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Remsberg, L. P.; Reuter, M.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rosenberg, L.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sawicki, P.; Skulski, W.; Steadman, S. G.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S.; Stodulski, M.; Sukhanov, A.; Tang, J.-L.; Teng, R.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Verdier, R.; Wadsworth, B.; Wolfs, F. L.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wuosmaa, A. H.; Wysłouch, B.

    2003-02-01

    The ratios of charged antiparticles to particles have been obtained for pions, kaons, and protons near midrapidity in central Au+Au collisions at (sNN)=200 GeV. Ratios of /=1.025±0.006(stat.)±0.018(syst.), /=0.95±0.03(stat.)±0.03(syst.), and / =0.73±0.02(stat.)±0.03(syst.) have been observed. The / and / ratios are consistent with a baryochemical potential μB of 27 MeV, roughly a factor of 2 smaller than in (sNN)=130 GeV collisions. The data are compared to results from lower energies and model calculations. Our accurate measurements of the particle ratios impose stringent constraints on current and future models dealing with baryon production and transport.

  12. Vida, mente y cerebro. La neurociencia y los límites del paradigma mecanicista en biología

    OpenAIRE

    Murillo, J.I. (José Ignacio)

    2009-01-01

    La mente se ha convertido recientemente en un tema de la ciencia gracias a los nuevos avances de la neurociencia. Pero el modo en que se suele acometer su estudio no ha escapado todavía a las limitaciones del planteamiento dualista moderno. Para mejorar este situación, la biología debe tomar conciencia de la insuficiencia del modelo mecanicista para entender la vida, y esto exige que comprenda mejor su método y sus objetivos, y que se disponga a entablar un diálogo eficaz con l...

  13. Fabrication and characterization of Au/n-CdTe Schottky barrier under illumination and dark

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bera, Swades Ranjan; Saha, Satyajit

    2018-04-01

    CdTe nanoparticles have been grown by chemical reduction method using EDA as capping agent. These are used to fabricate Schottky barrier in a simple cost-effective way at room temperature. The grown nanoparticles are structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optical properties of nano CdTe is characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectra, PL spectra. The band gap of the CdTe nanoparticles is increased as compared to CdTe bulk form indicating there is blue shift. The increase of band gap is due to quantum confinement. Photoluminescence spectra shows peak which corresponds to emission from surface state. CdTe nanofilm is grown on ITO coated glass substrate by dipping it on toluene containing dispersed CdTe nanoparticles. Schottky barrier of Au/n-CdTe is fabricated on ITO coated glass by vacuum deposition of gold. I- V and C- V characteristics of Au/n-CdTe Schottky barrier junction have been studied under dark and light condition. It is found that these characteristics are influenced by surface or interface traps. The values of barrier height, ideality factor, donor concentration and series resistance are obtained from the reverse bias capacitance-voltage measurements.

  14. Energy Dependence of Particle Multiplicities in Central Au+Au Collisions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Barton, D. S.; Betts, R. R.; Bindel, R.; Budzanowski, A.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Corbo, J.; Decowski, M. P.; Garcia, E.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Henderson, C.; Hicks, D.; Hofman, D.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J.; Katzy, J.; Khan, N.; Kucewicz, W.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; McLeod, D.; Michałowski, J.; Mignerey, A.; Mülmenstädt, J.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Rafelski, M.; Rbeiz, M.; Reed, C.; Remsberg, L. P.; Reuter, M.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rosenberg, L.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sawicki, P.; Skulski, W.; Steadman, S. G.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S.; Stodulski, M.; Sukhanov, A.; Tang, J.-L.; Teng, R.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Verdier, R.; Wadsworth, B.; Wolfs, F. L.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wuosmaa, A. H.; Wysłouch, B.

    2002-01-01

    We present the first measurement of the pseudorapidity density of primary charged particles in Au+Au collisions at (sNN) = 200 GeV. For the 6% most central collisions, we obtain dNch/dη\\|\\|η\\|<1 = 650+/-35(syst). Compared to collisions at (sNN) = 130 GeV, the highest energy studied previously, an increase by a factor of 1.14+/-0.05 at 90% confidence level, is found. The energy dependence of the pseudorapidity density is discussed in comparison with data from proton-induced collisions and theoretical predictions.

  15. Analyse des solides déformables par la méthode des éléments finis

    CERN Document Server

    Bonnet, Marc

    2006-01-01

    Cet ouvrage propose une présentation structurée de la formulation et la mise en œuvre de la simulation numérique par éléments finis en mécanique des solides déformables. Il présente et développe les concepts et techniques permettant la transposition, en termes de codes de calcul de structures mécaniques industrielles, des notions fondamentales de mécanique des milieux continus solides, et ce dans le cadre d'analyses en régimes (a) statique linéaire, (b) quasistatique non-linéaire et (c) dynamique linéaire. L'exposé théorique est complété et illustré au moyen de programmes d'initiation écrits en Matlab (librement accessibles par Internet) mettant en œuvre les notions développées dans cet ouvrage et conçus comme support pratique à un enseignement. Le texte combine ainsi l'exposition des principes et des méthodes avec la présentation détaillée de ces programmes et d'exemples les mettant en œuvre. L'ouvrage est complété d'une annexe écrite par Andrei Constantinescu (directeur de...

  16. Evidence for a narrow NN-bar state at 2.02 GEV/C2 in 6 and 9 GEV/C antiproton interactions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Azooz, F.; Butterworth, I.; Dornan, P.J.

    1982-11-01

    Evidence for the existence of a charged narrow state of mass M approximately 2.02 GeV/c 2 and width GAMMA approximately 2 , decaying into NN-bar is reported. The state was observed in the reaction p-barp → psub(fast)n-barπ + π - π - at 6 GeV/c and in p-barp → π + sub(fast)p-barnπ + π - at 9 GeV/c in a triggered bubble chamber experiment at the SLAC Hybrid Facility. (author)

  17. Synthesis of axially chiral oxazoline-carbene ligands with an N-naphthyl framework and a study of their coordination with AuCl·SMe(2).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Feijun; Li, Shengke; Qu, Mingliang; Zhao, Mei-Xin; Liu, Lian-Jun; Shi, Min

    2012-01-01

    Axially chiral oxazoline-carbene ligands with an N-naphthyl framework were successfully prepared, and their coordination behavior with AuCl·SMe(2) was also investigated, affording the corresponding Au(I) complexes in moderate to high yields.

  18. The Pt site reactivity of the molecular graphs of Au6Pt isomers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xu, Tianlv; Jenkins, Samantha; Xiao, Chen-Xia; Maza, Julio R.; Kirk, Steven R.

    2013-12-01

    Within the framework of the theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), in an exploratory study we propose a new measure of site reactivity equivalent to the atomic coordination number based purely on the electronic structure. It was found that the number of ring critical points (NNRCPs) positioned on the boundary of the atomic basin of the dopant (Pt) nucleus correlated very well with the relative zero point energy (ZPE) corrected energies. A weaker condition (i.e. than the number of associated bond paths) for the association of the dopant Pt nucleus with the Au6Pt molecular graph is found for NNRCP = 0.

  19. Pt/Au nanoalloy supported on alumina and chlorided alumina: DFT and experimental analysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sharifi, N.; Falamaki, C.; Ghorbanzadeh Ahangari, M.

    2018-04-01

    Density functional theory (DFT) was used to explore the adsorption of Pt/Au nanoalloy onto a pure and chlorided γ-Al2O3(110) surface, which has been applied in numerous catalytic reactions. First, we considered the adsorption properties of Pt clusters (n ≤ 5) onto the Al2O3(110) surface to determine the most stable Pt cluster on alumina surface in reforming processes. After full structural relaxations of Pt clusters at various configurations on alumina, our computed results expressed that the minimum binding energy (‑5.67 eV) is accrued for Pt4 cluster and the distance between the nearest Pt atom in the cluster to the alumina surface is equal to 1.13 Å. Then, we investigated the binding energies, geometries, and electronic properties of adsorbed Aun clusters (n6) on the γ-Al2O3(110) surface. Our studied showed that Au5 was the most thermodynamically stable structure on γ-Al2O3. Finally, we inspected these properties for adsorbed Au clusters onto the Pt4-decorated alumina (Aun/Pt4-alumina) system. The binding energy of the Au4/Pt4-alumina system was ‑5.01 eV, and the distance between Au4 cluster and Pt4-alumina was 1.33 Å. The Au4/Pt4alumina system was found to be the most stable nanometer-sized catalyst design. At last, our first-principles calculations predicted that the best position of embedment Cl on the Au4/Pt4-alumina.

  20. Adsorption and switching properties of a N-benzylideneaniline based molecular switch on a Au(111) surface

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ovari, Laszlo; Luo, Ying; Haag, Rainer; Leyssner, Felix; Tegeder, Petra; Wolf, Martin

    2010-01-01

    High resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy has been employed to analyze the adsorption geometry and the photoisomerization ability of the molecular switch carboxy-benzylideneaniline (CBA) adsorbed on Au(111). CBA on Au(111) adopts a planar (trans) configuration in the first monolayer (ML) as well as for higher coverages (up to 6 ML), in contrast to the strongly nonplanar geometry of the molecule in solution. Illumination with UV light of CBA in direct contact with the Au(111) surface (≤1 ML) caused no changes in the vibrational structure, whereas at higher coverages (>1 ML) pronounced modifications of vibrational features were observed, which we assign to a trans→cis isomerization. Thermal activation induced the back reaction to trans-CBA. We propose that the photoisomerization is driven by a direct (intramolecular) electronic excitation of the adsorbed CBA molecules in the second ML (and above) analogous to CBA in the liquid phase.

  1. Electrical characterization of Au/quercetin/n-Si heterojunction diode and optical analysis of quercetin thin film

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tombak, Ahmet; Özaydin, C.; Boğa, M.; Kiliçoğlu, T.

    2016-01-01

    Quercetin (3,5,7,3’,4’-pentahydroxyflavone, QE), one of the most widely distributed flavonoids in fruits and vegetables, has been reported to possess a wide variety of biological effects, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, hepatoprotective, renoprotective and neuroprotective effects. In this study organic-inorganic junctions were fabricated by forming quercetin complex thin film using spin coating technique on n-Si and evaporating Au metal on the film. Optical properties of quercetin thin film were studied with the help of spectrophotometer. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of Au/quercetin/n-Si heterojunction diode was investigated at room temperature in dark. Some basic parameters of the diode such as ideality factor, rectification ratio, barrier height, series resistance and shunt resistance were calculated using dark current-voltage measurement. It was also seen that the device had good sensitivity to the light under 40-100 mW/cm"2 illumination conditions.

  2. Electrical characterization of Au/quercetin/n-Si heterojunction diode and optical analysis of quercetin thin film

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tombak, Ahmet, E-mail: tahmet@yahoo.com [Department of Physics, Faculty of Art& Science, Batman University, Batman 72000 (Turkey); Özaydin, C. [Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Batman University, Batman 72000 (Turkey); Boğa, M. [Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280 (Turkey); Kiliçoğlu, T. [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280 (Turkey)

    2016-03-25

    Quercetin (3,5,7,3’,4’-pentahydroxyflavone, QE), one of the most widely distributed flavonoids in fruits and vegetables, has been reported to possess a wide variety of biological effects, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, hepatoprotective, renoprotective and neuroprotective effects. In this study organic-inorganic junctions were fabricated by forming quercetin complex thin film using spin coating technique on n-Si and evaporating Au metal on the film. Optical properties of quercetin thin film were studied with the help of spectrophotometer. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of Au/quercetin/n-Si heterojunction diode was investigated at room temperature in dark. Some basic parameters of the diode such as ideality factor, rectification ratio, barrier height, series resistance and shunt resistance were calculated using dark current-voltage measurement. It was also seen that the device had good sensitivity to the light under 40-100 mW/cm{sup 2} illumination conditions.

  3. Aunégal, la santé maternelle et infantile est une affaire ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    29 sept. 2017 ... Aunégal, les femmes de quartier, connues sous le nom de marraines, fournissent aux femmes isolées de l'information vitale concernant les soins de santé maternelle et infantile. La recherche trouve de nouvelles façons de rendre leur travail durable et mieux apprécié par le système de santé national.

  4. Cationic gemini surfactant-assisted synthesis of hollow Au nanostructures by stepwise reductions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Wentao; Han, Yuchun; Tian, Maozhang; Fan, Yaxun; Tang, Yongqiang; Gao, Mingyuan; Wang, Yilin

    2013-06-26

    A novel synthetic approach was developed for creating versatile hollow Au nanostructures by stepwise reductions of Au(III) upon the use of cationic gemini surfactant hexamethylene-1,6-bis(dodecyl dimethylammonium bromide) (C12C6C12Br2) as a template agent. It was observed that the Au(I) ions obtained from the reduction of Au(III) by ascorbic acid can assist the gemini surfactant to form vesicles, capsule-like, and tube-like aggregates that subsequently act as soft templates for hollow Au nanostructures upon further reduction of Au(I) to Au(0) by NaBH4. It was demonstrated that the combination of C12C6C12Br2 and Au(I) plays a key role in regulating the structure of the hollow precursors not only because C12C6C12Br2 has a stronger aggregation ability in comparison with its single chain counterpart but also because the electrostatic repulsion between head groups of C12C6C12Br2 is greatly weakened after Au(III) is converted to Au(I), which is in favor of the construction of vesicles, capsule-like, and tube-like aggregates. Compared with solid Au nanospheres, the resultant hollow nanostructures exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic activities in methanol oxidation, following the order of elongated nanocapsule > nanocapsule > nanosphere. Benefiting from balanced interactions between the gemini surfactant and Au(I), this soft-template method may present a facile and versatile approach for the controlled synthesis of Au nanostructures potentially useful for fuel cells and other Au nanodevices.

  5. Accurate 238U(n , 2 n )237U reaction cross-section measurements from 6.5 to 14.8 MeV

    Science.gov (United States)

    Krishichayan, Bhike, M.; Tornow, W.; Tonchev, A. P.; Kawano, T.

    2017-10-01

    The cross section for the 238U(n ,2 n )237U reaction has been measured in the incident neutron energy range from 6.5 to 14.8 MeV in small energy steps using an activation technique. Monoenergetic neutron beams were produced via the 2H(d ,n )3He and 3H(d ,n )4He reactions. 238U targets were activated along with Au and Al monitor foils to determine the incident neutron flux. The activity of the reaction products was measured in TUNL's low-background counting facility using high-resolution γ -ray spectroscopy. The results are compared with previous measurements and latest data evaluations. Statistical-model calculations, based on the Hauser-Feshbach formalism, have been carried out using the CoH3 code and are compared with the experimental results. The present self-consistent and high-quality data are important for stockpile stewardship and nuclear forensic purposes as well as for the design and operation of fast reactors.

  6. Experimental Conditions: SE3_S02_M01_D02 [Metabolonote[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available SE3_S02_M01_D02 SE3 Comparison of fruit metabolites among tomato varieties 1 SE3_S0...2 Solanum lycopersicum House Momotaro fruit SE3_S02_M01 6.7mg [MassBase ID] MDLC1_25529 SE3_MS1 LC-FT-ICR-MS

  7. Experimental Conditions: SE3_S02_M03_D02 [Metabolonote[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available SE3_S02_M03_D02 SE3 Comparison of fruit metabolites among tomato varieties 1 SE3_S0...2 Solanum lycopersicum House Momotaro fruit SE3_S02_M03 6.7 mg [MassBase ID] MDLC1_25531 SE3_MS1 LC-FT-ICR-M

  8. Eléments d’une démarche d’accompagnement à la maturation des projets collectifs d’irrigation localisée

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohamed Zeine

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Au Maroc, les subventions accordées par l’Etat constituent une forte incitation pour que les agriculteurs installent l’irrigation localisée. Cependant le rythme de reconversion est faible dans les périmètres de petite et moyenne hydraulique. Bien que la pertinence d’une reconversion collective des exploitations dans ces périmètres soit souvent reconnue, les superficies converties restent limitées. Malgré quelques tentatives dans le cadre d’expériences pilotes, il n’y a pas de démarche stabilisée d’accompagnement par les institutions de développement d’une telle reconversion collective. Le présent article propose des éléments pour une démarche d’accompagnement à la maturation des projets collectifs à l’irrigation localisée. Cette démarche a été conçue à partir de l’analyse a posteriori de plusieurs expériences de reconversion collective à l’irrigation localisée au Maroc. Cette démarche s’appuie sur l’utilisation d’une grille qui permet de diagnostiquer l’état initial de maturation du projet, mais aussi de suivre l’évolution de cette maturation. L’évaluation de ce niveau de maturation se fait suivant une liste de facteurs qualifiés d’essentiels, d’accélération et de stabilisation. Sont aussi proposés quelques principes et étapes qui pourraient structurer un accompagnement de ces projets.

  9. Obezita a další rizikové faktory aterosklerózy v obecné populaci

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Tomečková, Marie; Hlásenská, Jana; Grünfeldová, H.; Hanuš, P.; Peleška, Jan

    2004-01-01

    Roč. 7, 3 Suppl. (2004), s. 15 ISSN 1211-9326. [Kongres o ateroskleróze /8./. 02.12.2004-04.12.2004, Špindlerův Mlýn] R&D Projects: GA MŠk LN00B107 Keywords : risk factors * atherosclerosis Subject RIV: BB - Applied Statistics, Operational Research

  10. Electronic Absorption and MCD Spectra for Pd(AuPPh(3))(8)(2+), Pt(AuPPh(3))(8)(2+), and Related Platinum-Centered Gold Cluster Complexes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adrowski, Michael J.; Mason, W. Roy

    1997-03-26

    Electronic absorption and 7.0 T magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra in the UV-vis region, 1.6 to approximately 4.0 &mgr;m(-)(1) (1 &mgr;m(-)(1) = 10(4) cm(-)(1)) are reported for [Pd(AuPPh(3))(8)](NO(3))(2) and [Pt(AuPPh(3))(8)](NO(3))(2) in acetonitrile solutions at room temperature. The MCD spectra are better resolved than the absorption spectra and consist of both A and B terms. The spectra are interpreted in terms of D(4)(d)() skeletal geometry and MO's that are approximated by 5s and 6s orbitals for Pd and Pt/Au atoms, respectively. The lowest energy excited configurations and states are attributed to intraframework (IF) Au(8)(2+) transitions. Evidence is also presented for Pt 5d --> Au 6s transitions in the MCD spectra for Pt(AuPPh(3))(8)(2+). Acetonitrile solution absorption and MCD spectra for the related Pt-centered cluster complexes [Pt(CO)(AuPPh(3))(8)](NO(3))(2), [Pt(AuP(p-tolyl)(3))(8)](NO(3))(2), [Pt(CuCl)(AuPPh(3))(8)](NO(3))(2), [Pt(AgNO(3))(AuPPh(3))(8)](NO(3))(2), [Pt(Hg)(2)(AuPPh(3))(8)](NO(3))(2), [Pt(HgCl)(2)(AuPPh(3))(8)](BF(4))(2), and [Pt(HgNO(3))(2)(AuPPh(3))(8)](BF(4))(2) are also reported and interpreted within the context of the model developed for the M(AuPPh(3))(8)(2+) complexes.

  11. L’apprentissage au cern

    CERN Multimedia

    2007-01-01

    pour les professions d’électronicien(ne) et de laborantin(e) en physique L’apprentissage au CERN est régi par les lois, règlements et contrats en vigueur dans le canton de Genève. En cas de réussite à l’examen de fin d’apprentissage, les apprentis obtiennent le Certificat fédéral de capacité suisse (CFC). 6 places au total sont ouvertes au recrutement pour les deux professions. L’apprentissage dure 4 ans. Minima requis pour faire acte de candidature : avoir au moins 15 ans et moins de 21 ans à la date de début de l’apprentissage ; avoir terminé la scolarité obligatoire, au minimum 9e du Cycle d’orientation genevois (3e en France) ; être ressortissant d’un pays membre du CERN (Allemagne, Autriche, Belgique, Bulgarie, Danemark, Espagne, Finlande, France, Grèce, Hongrie, Italie, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Portugal, Royaume-Uni, République tchèque, République slovaque , Suède, Suisse) ; pour les résidents en Suisse : être ressortissant su...

  12. Karolinské importy a jejich napodobování v Čechách, případně na Moravě (konec 8. - 10. století)

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Profantová, Naďa

    Suppl. 4, - (2011), s. 71-104 ISSN 1336-6637. [Karolínska doba a Slovensko. Bratislava, 23.02.2010] Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z80020508 Keywords : Carolingian imports * Bohemia * Early Middle Ages * military equipment * weapons * luxurious jewellery Subject RIV: AC - Archeology, Anthropology, Ethnology

  13. Strangeness production in Au+Au collisions at the AGS: recent results from E917

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chang, W.-C.; Back, B.B.; Betts, R.R.; Britt, H.C.; Chang, W.C.; Gillitzer, A.; Henning, W.F.; Hofman, D.J.; Holzman, B.; Nanal, V.; Wuosmaa, A.H.

    1999-01-01

    Strangeness production in Au+Au collisions has been measured via the yields of K + , K - at 6, 8 AGeV and of bar Λ at 10.8 AGeV beam kinetic energy in experiment E917. By varying the collision centrally and beam energy, a systematic search for indications of new phenomena and in-medium effects under high baryon density is undertaken

  14. Operation of ohmic Ti/Al/Pt/Au multilayer contacts to GaN at 600 °C in air

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hou, Minmin; Senesky, Debbie G.

    2014-08-01

    The high-temperature characteristics (at 600 °C) of Ti/Al/Pt/Au multilayer contacts to gallium nitride (GaN) in air are reported. Microfabricated circular-transfer-line-method test structures were subject to 10 h of thermal storage at 600 °C. Intermittent electrical characterization during thermal storage showed minimal variation in the contact resistance after 2 h and that the specific contact resistivity remained on the order of 10-5 Ω-cm2. In addition, the thermally stored multilayer contacts to GaN showed ohmic I-V characteristics when electrically probed at 600 °C. The microstructural analysis with atomic force microscopy showed minimal changes in surface roughness after thermal storage. Observations of the thermochemical reactions after thermal storage using Auger electron spectroscopy chemical depth profiling showed diffusion of Pt and minimal additional Al oxidation. The results support the use of Ti/Al/Pt/Au multilayer metallization for GaN-based sensors and electronic devices that will operate within a high-temperature and oxidizing ambient.

  15. Colorimetric detection of melamine based on p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid-modified AuNPs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li, Jianfang; Huang, Pengcheng; Wu, Fangying

    2016-01-01

    A highly selective and sensitive method is developed for colorimetric detection of melamine using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid. The addition of melamine induced the aggregation of AuNPs, as evidenced from the morphological characterizations and the color changed from red wine to blue, which could also be monitored by the UV–visible spectrometer and even naked eyes. This process caused a significant increase in the absorbance ratio (A_6_5_0_n_m/A_5_2_0_n_m) of p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid–AuNPs. Under optimized conditions, the system exhibited a linear response to melamine in the range of 6.0 × 10"−"7–1.5 × 10"−"6 mol L"−"1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.997, and the limit of detection can even be 2.3 nM, which was much lower than some other methods and the safe limits (20 μM in both the USA and EU, 8.0 μM for infant formula in China, 1.2 μM in the CAC (Codex Alimentarius Commission) review for melamine in liquid infant formula). More importantly, the developed method presented excellent tolerance to coexisting common metal ions such as Ca"2"+, Zn"2"+, whose concentration is 1000 times of melamine, so that it had been applied to the analysis of melamine in liquid milk and milk powder with the recovery of 97.0–101 % and 100–103 %, respectively, indicating that the proposed method is quite a highly effective means to determine melamine in milk products.

  16. L’équité au cœur des politiques climatiques : l’exemple des négociations relatives au climat et de la recherche de solutions à la crise énergétique

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Loïc Aubrée

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available L’article débat de la question de l’équité dans la lutte contre les changements climatiques. Il établit un parallèle entre le développement pris au niveau international de la négociation entre Etats d’une part, et la pauvreté au niveau d’une collectivité d’autre part. Dans les deux cas, il s’agit à la fois d’un principe moral essentiel, mais aussi d’une condition centrale des consensus et donc de la réussite des politiques face au défi climatique. La question de l’équité renvoie aussi très vite au changement nécessaire des modes de vie vers plus de sobriété.The article debates Equity Issues in the Climate Change debate is debated. A parallel is set between the development issues at the international level of negotiations between States, and poverty alleviation at the local community level. In both cases, the discussions stem from an essential moral principle, but also as a requisite for consensus and thus a condition of success of climate change policies to combat Climate Change. The issue of equity brings also forward the necessary modification of consumption patterns, into more frugal modes.

  17. Magnetic beads-based DNAzyme recognition and AuNPs-based enzymatic catalysis amplification for visual detection of trace uranyl ion in aqueous environment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Hongyan; Lin, Ling; Zeng, Xiaoxue; Ruan, Yajuan; Wu, Yongning; Lin, Minggui; He, Ye; Fu, FengFu

    2016-04-15

    We herein developed a novel biosensor for the visual detection of trace uranyl ion (UO2(2+)) in aqueous environment with high sensitivity and specificity by using DNAzyme-functionalized magnetic beads (MBs) for UO2(2+) recognition and gold nano-particles (AuNPs)-based enzymatic catalysis oxidation of TMB (3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine sulfate) for signal generation. The utilization of MBs facilitates the magnetic separation and collection of sensing system from complex sample solution, which leads to more convenient experimental operation and more strong resistibility of the biosensor to the matrix of sample, and the utilization of AuNPs-based enzymatic catalysis amplification greatly improved the sensitivity of the biosensor. Compared with the previous DNAzyme-based UO2(2+) sensors, the proposed biosensor has outstanding advantages such as relative high sensitivity and specificity, operation convenience, low cost and more strong resistibility to the matrix of sample. It can be used to detect as low as 0.02 ppb (74 pM) of UO2(2+) in aqueous environment by only naked-eye observation and 1.89 ppt (7.0 pM) of UO2(2+) by UV-visible spectrophotometer with a recovery of 93-99% and a RSD ≤ 5.0% (n=6) within 3h. Especially, the visual detection limit of 0.02 ppb (74 pM) is much lower than the maximum allowable level of UO2(2+) (130 nM) in the drinking water defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), indicating that our method meets the requirement of rapid and on-site detection of UO2(2+) in the aqueous environment by only naked-eye observation. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  18. Enhanced Light Narrow Transmission through Cascaded Metallic Structure with Periodic Aperture Arrays

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yang Hong-Yan; Zhong Yan-Ru; Xiao Gong-Li; Zhang Zhen-Rong

    2012-01-01

    We present experimental and numerical studies on the enhanced light narrow transmission through cascaded Au/SiO x N y /Au aperture arrays by varying the refractive index and thickness of SiO x N y . It is found that the enhancement as well as narrowing of the optical transmission originates from the coupling role of surface plasmon polaritons. The results indicate that the transmission enhancement is highly dependent on the refractive index and thickness of SiO x N y . A higher transmission efficiency and narrower peak are obtained in Au/SiO 2.1 N 0.3 /Au structure with a small refractive index (1.6) and thin thickness (0.2 μm)

  19. Fabrication of novel ternary Au/CeO2@g-C3N4 nanocomposite: kinetics and mechanism investigation of 4-nitrophenol reduction, and benzyl alcohol oxidation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kohantorabi, Mona; Gholami, Mohammad Reza

    2018-06-01

    Au nanoparticles supported on cerium oxide/graphitic carbon nitride (CeO2@g-C3N4) was synthesized and used as heterogeneous catalyst in redox reaction. The catalyst was characterized by different techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, TEM, BET, TGA, and ICP. The as-prepared ternary nanocomposite was used as an effective catalyst for the reduction of toxic 4-nitrophenol to useful 4-aminophenol by NaBH4. The rate constant value of reduction reaction reached up to 0.106 s-1 by Au/CeO2@g-C3N4, which was 3.8, and 8.8 times higher than that of Au@CeO2 (0.028 s-1), and Au@g-C3N4 (0.012 s-1) nanocomposites, respectively. The superior catalytic performance of as-prepared catalyst in 4-NP reduction can be attributed to synergistic effect between Au nanoparticles and CeO2@g-C3N4 support, and efficient electron transfer. The reduction reaction was carried out at different temperatures, and the energy of activation ({Ea}), and thermodynamic parameters including, activation of entropy (Δ S^ ≠), enthalpy (Δ H^ ≠), and Gibbs free energy (Δ G^ ≠) were determined. Additionally, the mechanism of reaction was studied in details, and equilibrium constants of 4-NP ( K 4-NP), and {BH}4^{ - } ({K_{{BH}4^{{ - }} }}) were calculated using Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Furthermore, this nanocomposite exhibited excellent catalytic activity in oxidation of benzyl alcohol by molecular oxygen as a green oxidant. This study revealed that the ternary Au/CeO2@g-C3N4 nanocomposite is an attractive candidate for catalytic applications.

  20. Search for toroidal and bubble nuclei formed in the Au + Au reaction

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Planeta, R.; Brzychczyk, J.; Majka, Z. [M.Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagellonian University, Krakow (Poland); Blicharska, J.; Grzeszczuk, A.; Zipper, W.; Schmidt, K.; Kowalski, S. [Silesian University, Institute of Physics, Katowice (Poland); Cibor, J. [Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow (Poland); Hachaj, P. [Cracow Univ. of Technology, Krakow (Poland); Nicolis, N. [Ioannina Univ. (Greece)

    2003-07-01

    In this contribution we present the feasibility study for the experimental observation of toroidal and bubble nuclei. This search is based on data collected by the CHIMERA collaboration for the Au + Au reaction at 15 MeV/nucleon. The beam time needed to achieve this goal is calculated for events with at least 5 heavy fragments. We found that the fraction of such events among the accumulated data is equal to 8*10{sup -4}. Assuming the Au beam intensity is 0.03 pnA and target thickness equals 0.3 mg/cm{sup 2} we estimated that 450 hours of beam time is needed to record 10{sup 6} multifragment events. Present status of the Monte-Carlo simulation predictions is shortly discussed. (A.C.)

  1. Search for toroidal and bubble nuclei formed in the Au + Au reaction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Planeta, R.; Brzychczyk, J.; Majka, Z.; Blicharska, J.; Grzeszczuk, A.; Zipper, W.; Schmidt, K.; Kowalski, S.; Cibor, J.; Hachaj, P.; Nicolis, N.

    2003-01-01

    In this contribution we present the feasibility study for the experimental observation of toroidal and bubble nuclei. This search is based on data collected by the CHIMERA collaboration for the Au + Au reaction at 15 MeV/nucleon. The beam time needed to achieve this goal is calculated for events with at least 5 heavy fragments. We found that the fraction of such events among the accumulated data is equal to 8*10 -4 . Assuming the Au beam intensity is 0.03 pnA and target thickness equals 0.3 mg/cm 2 we estimated that 450 hours of beam time is needed to record 10 6 multifragment events. Present status of the Monte-Carlo simulation predictions is shortly discussed. (A.C.)

  2. The current–voltage and capacitance–voltage characteristics at high temperatures of Au Schottky contact to n-type GaAs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Özerli, Halil; Karteri, İbrahim [Department of Materials Science And Engineering, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, 46100 Kahramanmaraş (Turkey); Karataş, Şükrü, E-mail: skaratas@ksu.edu.tr [Department of Materials Science And Engineering, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, 46100 Kahramanmaraş (Turkey); Department of Physics, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, 46100 Kahramanmaraş (Turkey); Altindal, Şemsettin [Department of Physics, Gazi University, 06100 Ankara (Turkey)

    2014-05-01

    Highlights: • The electronic parameters of the diode under temperature were investigated. • The barrier heights have a Gaussian distribution. • Au/n-GaAs diode exhibits a rectification behavior. - Abstract: We have investigated the temperature-dependent current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics of Au/n-GaAs Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) in the temperature range of 280–415 K. The barrier height for the Au/n-type GaAs SBDs from the I–V and C–V characteristics have varied from 0.901 eV to 0.963 eV (I–V) and 1.234 eV to 0.967 eV (C–V), and the ideality factor (n) from 1.45 to 1.69 in the temperature range 280–415 K. The conventional Richardson plots are found to be linear in the temperature range measured. Both the ln(I{sub 0}/T{sup 2}) versus (kT){sup −1} and ln(I{sub 0}/T{sup 2}) versus (nkT){sup −1} plots gives a straight line corresponding to activation energies 0.773 eV and 0.870 eV, respectively. A Φ{sub b0} versus 1/T plot was drawn to obtain evidence of a Gaussian distribution of the BHs, and values of Φ{sup ¯}{sub b0} = 1.071 eV and σ{sub 0} = 0.094 V for the mean BH and zero-bias standard deviation have been obtained from this plot.

  3. The current–voltage and capacitance–voltage characteristics at high temperatures of Au Schottky contact to n-type GaAs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Özerli, Halil; Karteri, İbrahim; Karataş, Şükrü; Altindal, Şemsettin

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • The electronic parameters of the diode under temperature were investigated. • The barrier heights have a Gaussian distribution. • Au/n-GaAs diode exhibits a rectification behavior. - Abstract: We have investigated the temperature-dependent current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics of Au/n-GaAs Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) in the temperature range of 280–415 K. The barrier height for the Au/n-type GaAs SBDs from the I–V and C–V characteristics have varied from 0.901 eV to 0.963 eV (I–V) and 1.234 eV to 0.967 eV (C–V), and the ideality factor (n) from 1.45 to 1.69 in the temperature range 280–415 K. The conventional Richardson plots are found to be linear in the temperature range measured. Both the ln(I 0 /T 2 ) versus (kT) −1 and ln(I 0 /T 2 ) versus (nkT) −1 plots gives a straight line corresponding to activation energies 0.773 eV and 0.870 eV, respectively. A Φ b0 versus 1/T plot was drawn to obtain evidence of a Gaussian distribution of the BHs, and values of Φ ¯ b0 = 1.071 eV and σ 0 = 0.094 V for the mean BH and zero-bias standard deviation have been obtained from this plot

  4. Interactions of 10.6 GeV/n gold nuclei with light and heavy target nuclei in nuclear emulsion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cherry, M.L.; Denes-Jones, P.

    1994-03-01

    We have investigated the particle production and fragmentation of nuclei participating in the interactions of 10.6 GeV/n gold nuclei in nuclear emulsions. A new criteria has been developed to distinguish between the interactions of these gold nuclei with the light (H, C, N, O) and heavy (Ag, Br) target nuclei in the emulsion. This has allowed separate analyzes of the multiplicity and pseudo-rapidity distributions of the singly charged particles emitted in Au-(H, C, N, O) and Au-(Ag, Br) interactions, as well as of the models of breakup of the projectile and target nuclei. The pseudo-rapidity distributions show strong forward asymmetries, particularly for the interactions with the light nuclei. Heavy target nuclei produce a more severe breakup of the projectile gold nucleus than do the lighter targets. A negative correlation between the number of fragments emitted from the target nuclei and the degree of centrality of the collisions has been observed, which can be attributed to the total destruction of the relatively light target nuclei by these very heavy projectile nuclei. (author). 14 refs, 11 figs, 1 tab

  5. Les conjonctivites néonatales dans le canton de Glidji au Sud du Togo: une étude transversale à propos de 159 nouveau-nés

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kokou, Vonor; Nidain, Maneh; Kassoula, Nononsaa Batomguela; Kwassi, Fiaty- Amenouvor; Meba, Banla; Patrice, Balo Komi

    2016-01-01

    Introduction Le but de l’étude était décrire les aspects épidémiologiques des conjonctivites néonatales dans le canton de Glidji au Sud du Togo. Methodes Nous avons mené une étude transversale dans les 4 Unités Sanitaires Périphériques du canton de Glidji du 19 Mars au 13 Mai 2009 soit 8 semaines. Tous les nouveau-nés ont été inclus et la conjonctivite néonatale était définie par la présence chez un nouveau-né d'au moins deux des signes suivants: hyperhémie conjonctivale, œdème palpébral, chémosis, sécrétions purulentes, larmoiement. Les paramètres étudiés étaient l’âge, le sexe, les facteurs de risque, les antécédents, la présence ou non de conjonctivite, les germes en causes et l’évolution sous traitement. Resultats Sur la période, 159 nouveau-nés ont été examinés. L’âge moyen était de 10,9 jours avec des extrêmes de 0 à 28 jours. Il y avait 80 garçons pour 79 filles soit un sex-ratio de 1,01. Sur les 159 nouveau-nés, 7 cas de conjonctivite ont été diagnostiqués soit une prévalence de 4,4%. Les facteurs de risque identifiés étaient l'accouchement par voie basse et la présence d'IST chez la mère pendant la grossesse. Sur les 7 cas de conjonctivite, l'examen cytobactériologique a permis d'isoler le staphylococcus aureus dans 2 cas. L’évolution des cas de conjonctivite sous traitement était favorable avec régression des signes dès le 3è jour. Conclusion Les conjonctivites néonatales avaient une prévalence de 4,4% dans le canton de Glidji au sud du Togo et le staphylocoque doré était le germe en cause. Leur prévention passe par un bon suivi lors de la consultation prénatale et l'instillation de collyre antibiotique à la naissance PMID:27642383

  6. Anion Redox Chemistry in the Cobalt Free 3d Transition Metal Oxide Intercalation Electrode Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Luo, Kun; Roberts, Matthew R; Guerrini, Niccoló; Tapia-Ruiz, Nuria; Hao, Rong; Massel, Felix; Pickup, David M; Ramos, Silvia; Liu, Yi-Sheng; Guo, Jinghua; Chadwick, Alan V; Duda, Laurent C; Bruce, Peter G

    2016-09-07

    Conventional intercalation cathodes for lithium batteries store charge in redox reactions associated with the transition metal cations, e.g., Mn(3+/4+) in LiMn2O4, and this limits the energy storage of Li-ion batteries. Compounds such as Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2 exhibit a capacity to store charge in excess of the transition metal redox reactions. The additional capacity occurs at and above 4.5 V versus Li(+)/Li. The capacity at 4.5 V is dominated by oxidation of the O(2-) anions accounting for ∼0.43 e(-)/formula unit, with an additional 0.06 e(-)/formula unit being associated with O loss from the lattice. In contrast, the capacity above 4.5 V is mainly O loss, ∼0.08 e(-)/formula. The O redox reaction involves the formation of localized hole states on O during charge, which are located on O coordinated by (Mn(4+)/Li(+)). The results have been obtained by combining operando electrochemical mass spec on (18)O labeled Li[Li0.2Ni0.2Mn0.6]O2 with XANES, soft X-ray spectroscopy, resonant inelastic X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Finally the general features of O redox are described with discussion about the role of comparatively ionic (less covalent) 3d metal-oxygen interaction on anion redox in lithium rich cathode materials.

  7. Reakce na abstraktní vizuální stimuly: mentální rotace vs. geometrické tvary

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Nekovářová, Tereza; Nedvídek, Jan; Klement, Daniel; Diblíková, L.; Rokyta, R.; Bureš, Jan

    2011-01-01

    Roč. 15, Suppl.2 (2011), s. 27-31 ISSN 1211-7579 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) 1M0517; GA ČR(CZ) GA309/09/0286; GA MŠk(CZ) LC554 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50110509 Keywords : mental rotation * spatial cognition * geometry Subject RIV: FH - Neurology

  8. Apports de la diplomatie de la santé mondiale aux systèmes de ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    La santé est en voie de s'imposer comme un élément incontournable des négociations mondiales, que celles-ci portent sur le commerce, la croissance économique ou le développement social. De nouveaux travaux de recherche aideront l'Afrique à accroître son pouvoir de négociation au chapitre de la diplomatie de la ...

  9. Pinturas rupestres esquemáticas del Bonete del Cura (Ciudad Rodrigo, Salamanca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julián BÉCARES PÉREZ

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: Con este trabajo damos a conocer un nuevo abrigo de arte rupestre esquemático en la provincia de Salamanca, término de Ciudad Rodrigo. Se ha comenzado por una descripción de las figuras que contiene el abrigo y que son en su mayoría arboriformes y antropomorfos, algunos de ellos con tocados u otros elementos suplementarios. En menor número: barras, ancoriformes, un cuadrúpedo y la aparición de cuatro motivos compuestos por elementos triangulares o subtriangulares y la parte superior de un antropomorfo. A continuación, estos motivos se han encuadrado en el resto del conjunto del arte esquemático, resaltando los elementos que poseen una mayor importancia, sea por representar motivos nuevos o característicos dentro del arte esquemático, sea por ser un elemento mayoritario del abrigo. Hemos terminado haciendo una correlación de este abrigo con los que a nuestro parecer poseen un mayor número de elementos de comparación en el resto de la Península.RÉSUMÉ: Nous faisons connaître par ce travail un nouvel abri d'art rupestre schématique dans la province de Salamanca, commune de Ciudad Rodrigo. On a commencé par une description des figures de l'abri et qui sont, la plupart des arboriformes et des antropomorphes, quelques uns avec des coiffes ou d'autres éléments supplémentaires. En nombre inférieur: des barres, des ancoriformes, un cuadrúpede et l'apparition de quatre motifs composés par des éléments triangulaires ou sous-triangulaires et la partie supérieure d'un antropomorphe. Ensuite, on a intégré ces motifs dans le reste de l'ensemble de l'art schématique, tout en faisant ressortir les éléments de plus grande importance, soit parce qu'ils représentent des motifs nouveaux ou caractéristiques de l'art schématique, soit parce que ce sont les éléments majoritaires de l'abri. Nous avons fini par faire une corrélation de cet abri avec ceux qui á notre avis possèdent un plus grand nombre d'éléments de

  10. Giocare, tra violenza ed ecologia della mente.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Enrico Euli

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available L'articolo riflette sulle relazioni tra comunicazione, violenza e gioco, nel tentativo di rintracciare tra loro convergenze, affinità e contrasti. Le nostre relazioni, infatti, ci immettono inerzialmente in dilemmi e paradossi di così alta complessità da rendere spesso inadeguati gli strumenti 'logici' ed 'analitici': dal che può derivare un senso di impotenza, rabbia, paralisi, ma anche un desiderio potente di controllo e di soluzione degli eventi. Entrambe queste strade ci conducono dentro le false alternative della violenza. La cultura del gioco, invece, ci propone (attraverso le sue pratiche, ma anche negli scritti teorici di Freud, Winnicott, Bateson, qui riassunti e rivisitati una modalità più creativa e nonviolenta, più prossima ad un' ecologia della mente e ad un'estetica delle emozioni.

  11. Faciliter l'échange de connaissances et tisser des liens au sein du ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Institution. Fundación Acción Social, Educación y Tiempo Libre, ESPLAI. Pays d' institution. Espagne. Site internet. http://www.fundacionesplai.org. Contenus connexes. Appui au réseautage et au renforcement des télécentres communautaires au Mali. En Afrique de l'Ouest francophone, les télécentres luttent pour atteindre ...

  12. Una Historia Artificial del Estudio de la mente; en busca de su “objeto”.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Polanco-Carrasco

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available En diferentes momentos de la historia humana se ha buscado el lugar u origen del saber, los pensamientos y las emociones, planteando por ejemplo, que se piensa con el riñón, el corazón o el hígado, incluso con la sangre, ya que si se perdía gran cantidad de esta, se perdía también la conciencia. Con los actuales avances tecnológicos, se observa una curiosa sensación en los investigadores, de estar -más convencidos que nunca- que el cerebro tiene algo o todo que ver con lo mental. Sin embargo, no se debería olvidar que la tecnología es sólo una herramienta, no una disciplina, y por tanto, antes de maravillarse ciegamente por los avances en la técnica, se debe mirar en perspectiva el desarrollo histórico de cualquier disciplina. Como una manera de contribuir, dentro de la formación académica, a una mirada en perspectiva frente a los diversos intentos de explicar y organizar la mente, se realiza una revisión histórica de diversos hitos asociados con su estudio, reformulando sus influencias dentro de la génesis y evolución de disciplinas como; medicina, filosofía, neurología, psiquiatría y psicología.

  13. Semiconducting La2AuP3, the metallic conductor Ce2AuP3, and other rare-earth gold phosphides Ln2AuP3 with two closely related crystal structures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Eschen, M.; Kotzyba, G.; Kuennen, B.; Jeitschko, W.

    2001-01-01

    The compounds Ln 2 AuP 3 were synthesized by reaction of the elemental components in evacuated silica tubes. Their crystal structures were determined from single-crystal diffractometer data. The compounds with Ln = La, Ce, and Pr crystallize with an orthorhombic U 2 NiC 3 type structure (Pnma, Z = 4). The structure refinement for Ce 2 AuP 3 resulted in a = 774.14(6) pm, b = 421.11(4) pm, c = 1612.3(1) pm, R = 0.019 for 1410 structure factors and 38 variable parameters. For Pr 2 AuP 3 a residual of R = 0.024 was obtained. Nd 2 AuP 3 crystallizes with a monoclinic distortion of this structure: P2 1 /c, Z = 4, a = 416.14(4) pm, b = 768.87(6) pm, c = 1647.1(2) pm, β = 104.06(1) , R = 0.022 for 1361 F values and 56 variables. The near-neighbor coordinations of the two structures are nearly the same. In both structures the gold and phosphorus atoms form two-dimensionally infinite nets, where the gold atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated by phosphorus atoms with Au-P distances varying between 245.8 and 284.2 pm. Two thirds of the phosphorus atoms form pairs with single-bond distances varying between 217.7 and 218.9 pm. Thus, using oxidation numbers the structures can be rationalized with the formulas (Ln +3 ) 2 [AuP 3 ] -6 and (Ln +3 ) 2 Au +1 (P 2 ) -4 P -3 . Accordingly, La 2 AuP 3 is a diamagnetic semiconductor. Pr 2 AuP 3 is semi-conducting with an antiferromagnetic ground state, showing metamagnetism with a critical field of B c = 0.5(±0.1) T. In contrast, the cerium compound is a metallic conductor, even though its cell volume indicates that the cerium atoms are essentially trivalent, as is also suggested by the ferro- or ferrimagnetic behavior of the compound. (orig.)

  14. Amplification of the discharge current density of lithium-ion batteries with spinel phase Li(PtAu)0.02Mn1.98O4 nano-materials

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Ross, N

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available -ion batteries (LIB) was synthesized by incorporation of the Pt-Au (1:1) nanoparticles onto the spinel phase LiMn(sub2)O(sub4). Ultra-low scan rate (0.01 mV (sups-1)) cyclic voltammetry of the cathode material in 1 M LiPF(sub6) (in 1:1 EC:DMC), showed four sets...

  15. Growth of solid solutions with colquiriite structure LiCa0,2Sr0,8AlF6: Ce3+

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shavelev, A A; Nizamutdinov, A S; Semashko, V V; Marisov, M A

    2014-01-01

    Aim of this work were experiments on growing new materials based on fluoride crystals with the colquiriite structure LiSr 0,8 Ca 0,2 F 6 , as well as the study of their phase composition. It is shown that for a series of crystals LiSr 0,8 Ca 0,2 F 6 distribution of reflections observed corresponds to the colquiriite structure, and the dependence of the lattice constant in the transition from LiCaAlF 6 crystal to LiSrAlF 6 crystal is linear. Also it found that absorption coefficient in mixed samples is much larger than in not mixed

  16. 229 Age au premier vêlage et intervalle entre vêlages de quatre ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Madjina TELLAH

    ... Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso (UPB), 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso ..... rapportés au Niger et au Tchad [4], au Cameroun chez les zébus Goudali [8], au ... [9], aunégal chez le zébu Gobra [10], au Bénin chez les vaches ...

  17. De la notation musicale à la transcription de la prosodie : Description de la prosodie du français du XVIe au début du XXe siècle

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Schweitzer Claudia

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available L’existence de liens étroits entre musique et prosodie a poussé certains grammairiens à parler d’éléments musicaux pour désigner le rythme, l’accentuation et l’intonation de l’oral, ou encore, à avoir recours à la transcription musicale pour mieux représenter et décrire ces phénomènes. Dans la production de la parole, leur manifestation concrète est associée à l’évolution temporelle de la fréquence fondamentale, la durée et l’intensité. Ces variations sont perçues comme des changements de hauteur, de longueur et de sonie, que l’on retrouve également dans la musique. Il n’est donc guère étonnant que le vocabulaire utilisé pour décrire la langue parlée ou la musique se ressemble autant. L’Encyclopédie explique clairement que du rythme « naissent le nombre & l’harmonie dans l’éloquence, la mesure & la cadence dans la poésie », tandis qu’en musique, « le rythme s’applique à la valeur des notes, & s’appelle aujourd’hui mesure ». Si nous étudions de plus près l’évolution de la transcription de la prosodie française entre le XVIe et le début du XXe, il est possible de dégager quatre grandes tendances. Au XVIe, les grammairiens se focalisent sur le fonctionnement des mots en contexte, au sein des différentes unités syntaxiques (Meigret, XVIe. Au XVIIe, des auteurs comme le grammairien Vairasse d’Allais ou le musicien Bacilly vont plutôt se focaliser sur un seul élément, la quantité, qu’ils utilisent pour parler du rythme, en travaillant notamment au niveau de la syllabe. Au XVIIIe, les Lumières cherchent à décrire et à expliquer avec précision le fonctionnement de la langue et de la musique, mais ils se heurtant au manque d’instrumentation. Ce manque sera comblé au début du XXe par les phonéticiens expérimentalistes (Rousselot, Roudet. Ces auteurs ont recours à la transcription musicale pour décrire avec une extrême précision l’évolution de la hauteur

  18. A critical size for emergence of nonbulk electronic and geometric structures in dodecanethiolate-protected Au clusters.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Negishi, Yuichi; Nakazaki, Tafu; Malola, Sami; Takano, Shinjiro; Niihori, Yoshiki; Kurashige, Wataru; Yamazoe, Seiji; Tsukuda, Tatsuya; Häkkinen, Hannu

    2015-01-28

    We report on how the transition from the bulk structure to the cluster-specific structure occurs in n-dodecanethiolate-protected gold clusters, Au(n)(SC12)m. To elucidate this transition, we isolated a series of Au(n)(SC12)m in the n range from 38 to ∼520, containing five newly identified or newly isolated clusters, Au104(SC12)45, Au(∼226)(SC12)(∼76), Au(∼253)(SC12)(∼90), Au(∼356)(SC12)(∼112), and Au(∼520)(SC12)(∼130), using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Low-temperature optical absorption spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractometry, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the Au cores of Au144(SC12)60 and smaller clusters have molecular-like electronic structures and non-fcc geometric structures, whereas the structures of the Au cores of larger clusters resemble those of the bulk gold. A new structure model is proposed for Au104(SC12)45 based on combined approach between experiments and DFT calculations.

  19. Tropical Timbers of the World,

    Science.gov (United States)

    1980-04-01

    Trop. Woods No. 103:1-139. 96 CORDIA SPP. (HAI0-XWlED, DARK- aW CERASCMAUS (BLiP) CANALETE Family: Boraginaceae Other Common Names: Anacahuite, Barfa...tropicaux. Premier Suppl~ment. Publ. Centre Tech. For. Trop. No. 23. 372 Lf4 CORDIA MILLNII and C. PLAT’IYRSA WEST AFRICAN CORDIA Family: Boraginaceae...OE AM Hibiscus elacus and H. tiliaceus BLUEGUM AS Eucalyptus globulus BOCOTE AM Cordia spp. (Hard-wooded, dark-colored Gerascanthus group) BOMBAY

  20. Optimizing the planar structure of (1 1 1) Au/Co/Au trilayers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kumah, D P; Cebollada, A; Clavero, C; Garcia-MartIn, J M; Skuza, J R; Lukaszew, R A; Clarke, R

    2007-01-01

    Au/Co/Au trilayers are interesting for a range of applications which exploit their unusual optical and electronic transport behaviour in a magnetic field. Here we present a comprehensive structural and morphological study of a series of trilayers with 0-7 nm Co layer thickness fabricated on glass by ultrahigh vacuum vapour deposition. We use a combination of in situ electron diffraction, atomic force microscopy and x-ray scattering to determine the optimum deposition conditions for highly textured, flat and continuous layered structures. The 16 nm Au-on-glass buffer layer, deposited at ambient temperature, is found to develop a smooth (1 1 1) texture on annealing at 350 deg. C for 10 min. Subsequent growth of the Co layer at 150 deg. C produces a (1 1 1) textured film with lateral grain size of ∼150 nm in the 7 nm-thick Co layer. A simultaneous in-plane and out-of-plane Co lattice expansion is observed for the thinnest Co layers, converging to bulk values for the thickest films. The roughness of the Co layer is similar to that of the Au buffer layer, indicative of conformal growth. The 6 nm Au capping layer smoothens the trilayer surface, resulting in a surface roughness independent of the Co layer thickness

  1. Au-Pt-Au nanoraspberry structures used for mercury ion detection

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huang, Jiang-Hao; Huang, Shuai; Wen, Xiaoyan; Li, Min; Lu, Haifei

    2017-12-01

    Detection of Hg2+ with high sensitivity is of great significance in the biochemical sensing field. Quantitative of Hg2+ was realized based on the influence of Hg2+ on the UV-vis absorption performance of Au-Pt-Au core-shell nanoraspberry (APA)-rhodamine-6G (R6G) structure. First, APA sol was added into R6G indicator solution and the UV-vis absorption signal intensity of R6G was evidently promoted. The signal intensity monotonously increased as more APA sol was added. However, when HgCl2 solution was introduced, the signal intensity declined. A linear relationship between Hg2+ concentration and signal intensity at 527 nm was revealed, based on which quantitative determination of Hg2+ could be realized. Hg2+ detection sensitivity was measured to be 0.031 a.u./M with a limit of detection of 10-7 M and the response time was 20 s. A high Hg2+ detection selectivity over Cu2+, Na+, Li+, and K+ was demonstrated. Due to its simplicity and high sensitivity, the proposed method could find an extensive application prospect in the Hg2+ detection field.

  2. Enhanced magneto-plasmonic effect in Au/Co/Au multilayers caused by exciton–plasmon strong coupling

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hamidi, S.M., E-mail: m_hamidi@sbu.ac.ir; Ghaebi, O.

    2016-09-15

    In this paper, we have investigated magneto optical Kerr rotation using the strong coupling of exciton–plasmon. For this purpose, we have demonstrated strong coupling phenomenon using reflectometry measurements. These measurements revealed the formation of two split polaritonic extrema in reflectometry as a function of wavelength. Then we have shown exciton–plasmon coupling in dispersion diagram which presented an anti-crossing between the polaritonic branches. To assure the readers of strong coupling, we have shown an enhanced magneto-optical Kerr rotation by comparing the reflectometry results of strong coupling of surface Plasmon polariton of Au/Co/Au multilayer and R6G excitons with surface Plasmon polariton magneto-optical kerr effect experimental setup. - Highlights: • The magneto optical Kerr rotation has been investigated by using the strong coupling of exciton–plasmon. • We have shown exciton–plasmon coupling in dispersion diagram which presented an anti-crossing between the polaritonic branches. • Strong coupling of surface plasmon polariton and exciton have been yielded to the enhanced magneto-optical Kerr effect. • Plasmons in Au/Co/Au multilayer and exciton in R6G have been coupled to enhance magneto-optical activity.

  3. N-Heterocyclic carbenes on close-packed coinage metal surfaces: bis-carbene metal adatom bonding scheme of monolayer films on Au, Ag and Cu.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiang, Li; Zhang, Bodong; Médard, Guillaume; Seitsonen, Ari Paavo; Haag, Felix; Allegretti, Francesco; Reichert, Joachim; Kuster, Bernhard; Barth, Johannes V; Papageorgiou, Anthoula C

    2017-12-01

    By means of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), complementary density functional theory (DFT) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) we investigate the binding and self-assembly of a saturated molecular layer of model N -heterocyclic carbene (NHC) on Cu(111), Ag(111) and Au(111) surfaces under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions. XPS reveals that at room temperature, coverages up to a monolayer exist, with the molecules engaged in metal carbene bonds. On all three surfaces, we resolve similar arrangements, which can be interpreted only in terms of mononuclear M(NHC) 2 (M = Cu, Ag, Au) complexes, reminiscent of the paired bonding of thiols to surface gold adatoms. Theoretical investigations for the case of Au unravel the charge distribution of a Au(111) surface covered by Au(NHC) 2 and reveal that this is the energetically preferential adsorption configuration.

  4. Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) -- Indication des états de surface dans la documentation technique de produits

    CERN Document Server

    International Organization for Standardization. Geneva

    2002-01-01

    La présente Norme internationale spécifie les règles pour l'indication des états de surface dans la documentation technique de produits (par exemple dessins, spécifications, contrats, rapports) au moyen de symboles graphiques et d'indications textuelles. Elle est applicable à l'indication des exigences sur les surfaces au moyen de paramètres de profil conformément à l'ISO 4287, relatifs au profil R (paramètres de rugosité), au profil W (paramètres d'ondulation) et au profil P (paramètres de structure), de paramètres liés aux motifs conformément à l'ISO 12085, relatifs au motif de rugosité et au motif d'ondulation, et de paramètres relatifs à la courbe du taux de longueur portante conformément à l'ISO 13565-2 et à l'ISO 13565-3. NOTE Quant à l'indication des exigences concernant les imperfections de surface (pores, stries, etc.), qui ne peuvent pas être spécifiées à l'aide des paramètres d'état de surface, référence est faite à l'ISO 8785 qui couvre les imperfections de surface...

  5. Multiaxial channeling study of disorder accumulation and recovery in gold-irradiated 6H-SiC

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jiang, W.; Weber, W. J.

    2001-09-15

    Single crystal 6H-SiC has been irradiated 60{sup o} off normal with 2 MeV Au{sup 2+} ions at 300 K to fluences of 0.029, 0.058, and 0.12 ions/nm2, which produced relatively low damage levels. The disorder profiles as a function of ion fluence on both the Si and C sublattices have been determined simultaneously in situ using Rutherford backscattering and nuclear reaction analysis with 0.94 MeV D{sup +} ions in channeling geometry along the <0001>, <1{bar 1}02>, and <10{bar 1}1> axes. Along the <0001> axis at these low doses, similar levels of Si and C disorder are observed, and the damage accumulation is linear with dose. However, along <1{bar 1}02> and <10{bar 1}1>, the disorder accumulation is larger and increases sublinearly with dose. Furthermore, a higher level of C disorder than Si disorder is observed along the <1{bar 1}02> and <10{bar 1}1> axes, which is consistent with a smaller threshold displacement energy on the C sublattice in SiC. The mean lattice displacement, perpendicular to each corresponding axis, ranges from 0.014 to 0.037 nm for this range of ion fluences. A steady accumulation of small displacements due to lattice stress is observed along the <10{bar 1}1> axis, and a detectable reduction of the lattice stress perpendicular to the <0001> axis occurs at 0.12 Au{sup 2+}/nm{sup 2}. There is only a moderate recovery of disorder, produced at and below 0.058 Au{sup 2+}/nm{sup 2}, during thermal annealing at 570 K; more significant recovery is observed for 0.12 Au{sup 2+}/nm{sup 2} along both the <0001> and <1{bar 1}02> axes.

  6. Hydrogen evolution on Au(111) covered with submonolayers of Pd

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Björketun, Mårten; Karlberg, Gustav; Rossmeisl, Jan

    2011-01-01

    A theoretical investigation of electrochemical hydrogen evolution on Au(111) covered with submonolayers of Pd is presented. The size and shape of monoatomically high Pd islands formed on the Au(111) surface are determined using Monte Carlo simulations, for Pd coverages varying from 0.02 to 0.95 ML....... The energetics of adsorption and desorption of hydrogen on/from different types of sites on the Pd-Au(111) surface are assessed by means of density functional theory calculations combined with thermodynamic modeling. Based on the density functional and Monte Carlo data, the hydrogen evolution activity...... is evaluated with a micro-kinetic model. The analysis reproduces measured Pd-coverage-dependent activities for Pd submonolayers exceeding similar to 0.15 ML and enables the relative contributions from different types of electrocatalytically active sites to be determined. Finally, the implications of surface...

  7. Long range absorption in the scattering of 6He on 208Pb and 197Au at 27 MeV

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kakuee, O.R.; Alvarez, M.A.G.; Andres, M.V.; Cherubini, S.; Davinson, T.; Di Pietro, A.; Galster, W.; Gomez-Camacho, J.; Laird, A.M.; Lamehi-Rachti, M.; Martel, I.; Moro, A.M.; Rahighi, J.; Sanchez-Benitez, A.M.; Shotter, A.C.; Smith, W.B.; Vervier, J.; Woods, P.J.

    2006-01-01

    Quasi-elastic scattering of 6 He at E lab =27 MeV from 197 Au has been measured in the angular range of 6 o -72 o in the laboratory system employing LEDA and LAMP detection systems. These data, along previously analysed data of 6 He+ 208 Pb at the same energy, are analysed using optical model calculations. The role of Coulomb dipole polarizability has been investigated. Large imaginary diffuseness parameters are required to fit the data. This result is an evidence for long range absorption mechanisms in 6 He induced reactions

  8. First results on d+Au collisions from PHOBOS

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Becker, B.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Budzanowski, A.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; Gburek, T.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Harrington, A. S.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Khan, N.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lee, J. W.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; Mignerey, A. C.; Noell, A.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Remsberg, L. P.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sawicki, P.; Sedykh, I.; Skulski, W.; Smith, C. E.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sukhanov, A.; Teng, R.; Tonjes, M. B.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Wadsworth, B.; Wolfs, F. L. H.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wuosmaa, A. H.; Wysłouch, B.; Zhang, J.

    2004-02-01

    We have measured transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in d+Au collisions at √SNN = 200 GeV, in the range 0.25 < pT < 6.0 GeV/c. With increasing collision centrality, the yield at high transverse momenta increases more rapidly than the overall particle density, leading to a strong modification of the spectral shape. This change in spectral shape is qualitatively different from observations in Au+Au collisions at the same energy. The results provide important information for discriminating between different models for the suppression of high-pT hadrons observed in Au+Au collisions.

  9. Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) sensitizing system for solution photogeneration of small Ag, Au, and Cu crystallites.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Korchev, A S; Shulyak, T S; Slaten, B L; Gale, W F; Mills, G

    2005-04-28

    Illumination of air-free aqueous solutions containing sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) and poly(vinyl alcohol) with 350 nm light results in benzophenone ketyl radicals of the polyketone. The polymer radicals form with a quantum yield 0.02 and decay with a second-order rate constant 6 orders of magnitude lower than that of typical alpha-hydroxy radicals. Evidence is presented that the polymeric benzophenone ketyl radicals reduce Ag+, Cu2+, and AuCl4- to metal particles of nanometer dimensions. Decreases in the reduction rates with increasing Ag(I), Cu(II), and Au(III) concentrations are explained using a kinetic model in which the metal ions quench the excited state of the polymeric benzophenone groups, which forms the macromolecular radicals. Quenching is fastest for Ag+, whereas Cu2+ and AuCl4- exhibit similar rate constants. Particle formation becomes more complex as the number of equivalents needed to reduce the metal ions increases; the Au(III) system is an extreme case where the radical reactions operate in parallel with secondary light-initiated and thermal reduction channels. For each metal ion, the polymer-initiated photoreactions produce crystallites possessing distinct properties, such as a very strong plasmon in the Ag case or the narrow size distribution exhibited by Au particles.

  10. Au Nanoparticles Decorated TiO2 Nanotube Arrays as a Recyclable Sensor for Photoenhanced Electrochemical Detection of Bisphenol A.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hu, Liangsheng; Fong, Chi-Chun; Zhang, Xuming; Chan, Leo Lai; Lam, Paul K S; Chu, Paul K; Wong, Kwok-Yin; Yang, Mengsu

    2016-04-19

    A photorefreshable and photoenhanced electrochemical sensing platform for bisphenol A (BPA) detection based on Au nanoparticles (NPs) decorated carbon doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2/Au NTAs) is described. The TiO2/Au NTAs were prepared by quick annealing of anodized nanotubes in argon, followed by controllable electrodeposition of Au NPs. The decoration of Au NPs not only improved photoelectrochemical behavior but also enhanced electrocatalytic activities of the resulted hybrid NTAs. Meanwhile, the high photocatalytic activity of the NTAs allowed the electrode to be readily renewed without damaging the microstructures and surface states after a short UV treatment. The electrochemical detection of BPA on TiO2/Au NTAs electrode was significantly improved under UV irradiation as the electrode could provide fresh reaction surface continuously and the further increased photocurrent resulting from the improved separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs derived from the consumption of holes by BPA. The results showed that the refreshable TiO2/Au NTAs electrode is a promising sensor for long-term BPA monitoring with the detection limit (S/N = 3) of 6.2 nM and the sensitivity of 2.8 μA·μM(-1)·cm(-2).

  11. Dependence of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field on Heliocentric Distance between 0.3 and 1.7 AU from MESSENGER, ACE and MAVEN data

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hanneson, C.; Johnson, C.; Al Asad, M.

    2017-12-01

    Magnetometer data from the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging (MESSENGER), Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) and Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft were used to characterize the variation of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) with heliocentric distance from 0.3 to 1.7 AU. MESSENGER and ACE data form a set of simultaneous observations that spans eight years, from March 2007 until April 2015, with ACE observations continuing until the present. MAVEN data have been collected since November 2014. Furthermore, for the period 2008-2015, MESSENGER and ACE observations were taken over the same range of heliocentric distances: 0.31-0.47 AU and 0.94-1.00 AU respectively. The IMF varies with the solar sunspot cycle, and so data taken simultaneously at different heliocentric distances allow solar-cycle effects to be decoupled from the radial evolution of the IMF. The data were averaged temporally by taking 1-hour means, and median values were then computed in 0.01-AU bins. For the time interval spanned by all observations, the median value of the magnitude of the IMF decreases steadily from 30.1 nT at 0.3 AU to 4.3 nT at 1.0 AU and 2.5 nT at 1.6 AU. The magnitude of the IMF was found to decay with heliocentric distance according to an inverse power law with an exponent equal to the adiabatic index for an ideal monatomic gas, 5/3, within 95% confidence limits. The magnitude of the radial component decays with distance as an inverse square law within 95% confidence limits. We also consider temporal variations of the heliocentric-dependence of the IMF over the current solar cycle by computing power law fits to the simultaneous MESSENGER and ACE observations using a moving window. Our study complements the recent study of Gruesbeck et al. (2017) that used Juno data to consider the variation in IMF properties over the heliocentric distance range 1 to 6 AU.

  12. Des soins de santé plus abordables au Burkina Faso, au Mali et au ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    8 juin 2016 ... Dans les années 1980, conformément aux recommandations d'organismes internationaux, la presque-totalité des pays d'Afrique ont adopté l'imposition directe de frais aux patients comme principal mode de financement de leur système de santé. Les citoyens devaient donc débourser des frais pour ...

  13. Caractérisation de l'état chimique d'un élément par fluorescence X : l'aluminium dans les zéolithes Characterizing the Chemical State of an Element by X-Ray Fluorescence: Aluminium in Zeolites

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Freund E.

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available La fluorescence X est essentiellement connue dans le domaine de l'analyse quantitative, mais c'est aussi une méthode qui permet d'obtenir des informations détaillées sur la structure électronique des éléments. Dans cet article, nous montrons qu'il est possible de mettre au point une technique simple de caractérisation de l'état chimique d'un élément en utilisant de façon conjointe un spectromètre commercial et un programme adapté de traitement des données. Nous avons appliqué cette technique au cas de l'aluminium dans une zéolithe particulière : la mordénite dite à petits pores modifiée par différents traitements. Nous avons ainsi pu classer les solides suivant leur rapport (AI hexa-coordinné/AI tétracoordinné et montrer que le débouchage de la mordénite dite à petits pores est lié à l'extraction d'atomes d'aluminium de la charpente cristalline. X-ray fluorescence is mainly known in the field of qua-titative analysis, but it is also a useful method for obtaining detailed informations about the electronic structure of elements. This article shows that it is possible to develop a simple technique for characterizing the chemical state of an element by combining a commercial spectrometer with a program suited for data processing. This technique has been applied to the case of aluminum in a specific zeolite, ( small portmodernite, modified by various treatments. We were thus able to classify the solids according to the ratio of hexacoordinated AI/tetracoordinated AI and to show that the deblocking of the small portmordenite is linked to the extraction of aluminum atomrs from the crystalline structure.

  14. Dialogue avec les groupes islamistes au Moyen-Orient | CRDI ...

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    Par exemple, les groupes islamistes en Égypte, en Jordanie, au Koweït, au Maroc et au Yémen rejettent la violence politique, appuient la primauté du droit et acceptent le pluralisme politique. Il n'en demeure pas moins que certaines politiques des groupes islamistes, même les plus modérés, continuent à poser problème ...

  15. Nanopore formation on Au coated pyramid under electron beam irradiations (plasmonic nanopore on pyramid

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Seong Soo Choi

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available There have been tremendous interests about the single molecule analysis using a sold-state nanopore. The solid-state nanopore can be fabricated either by drilling technique, or diffusion technique by using electron beam irradiations. The solid-state SiN nanopore device with electrical detection technique recently fabricated, however, the solid-state Au nanopore with optical detection technique can be better utilized as the next generation single molecule sensor. In this report, the nanometer size openings with its size less than 10 nm on the diffused membrane on the 200 nm Au pyramid were fabricated by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM electron beam irradiations, transmission electron microscopy (TEM, etc. After the sample was being kept under a room environment for several months, several Au (111 clusters with ~6 nm diameter formed via Ostwald ripening are observed using a high resolution TEM imaging. The nanopore with Au nanoclusters on the diffused membrane can be utilized as an optical nanopore device. Keywords: Electron beam irradiation, Surface diffusion, Carbon contamination, Au cluster, Ostwald ripening

  16. Nucleon-gold collisions at 200 A GeV using tagged d + Au interactions in the PHOBOS detector

    Science.gov (United States)

    Back, B. B.; Baker, M. D.; Ballintijn, M.; Barton, D. S.; Becker, B.; Betts, R. R.; Bickley, A. A.; Bindel, R.; Busza, W.; Carroll, A.; Decowski, M. P.; García, E.; Gburek, T.; George, N.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gushue, S.; Halliwell, C.; Hamblen, J.; Harrington, A. S.; Henderson, C.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Hołyński, R.; Holzman, B.; Iordanova, A.; Johnson, E.; Kane, J. L.; Khan, N.; Kulinich, P.; Kuo, C. M.; Lee, J. W.; Lin, W. T.; Manly, S.; Mignerey, A. C.; Nouicer, R.; Olszewski, A.; Pak, R.; Park, I. C.; Pernegger, H.; Reed, C.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Sagerer, J.; Sarin, P.; Sedykh, I.; Skulski, W.; Smith, C. E.; Steinberg, P.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sukhanov, A.; Tonjes, M. B.; Trzupek, A.; Vale, C.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.; Verdier, R.; Veres, G. I.; Wolfs, F. L. H.; Wosiek, B.; Woźniak, K.; Wysłouch, B.; Zhang, J.; Phobos Collaboration

    2015-09-01

    Forward calorimetry in the PHOBOS detector has been used to study charged hadron production in d +Au , p +Au , and n +Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV . The forward proton calorimeter detectors are described and a procedure for determining collision centrality with these detectors is detailed. The deposition of energy by deuteron spectator nucleons in the forward calorimeters is used to identify p +Au and n +Au collisions in the data. A weighted combination of the yield of p +Au and n +Au is constructed to build a reference for Au +Au collisions that better matches the isospin composition of the gold nucleus. The pT and centrality dependence of the yield of this improved reference system is found to match that of d +Au . The shape of the charged-particle transverse momentum distribution is observed to extrapolate smoothly from p +p ¯ to central d +Au as a function of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density. The asymmetry of positively and negatively charged hadron production in p +Au is compared to that of n +Au . No significant asymmetry is observed at midrapidity. These studies augment recent results from experiments at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider facilities to give a more complete description of particle production in p +A and d +A collisions, essential for the understanding the medium produced in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions.

  17. Magnetocaloric effect in the La0.8Ce0.2Fe11.4-xCoxSi1.6 compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, G.F.; Song, L.; Li, F.A.; Ou, Z.Q.; Tegus, O.; Brueck, E.; Buschow, K.H.J.

    2009-01-01

    The effects of substitution of Co for Fe on the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of La 0.8 Ce 0.2 Fe 11.4-x Co x Si 1.6 (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) compounds have been investigated. X-ray diffraction shows that all compounds crystallize in the NaZn 13 -type structure. Magnetic measurements show that the Curie temperature (T C ) can be tuned between 184 and 294 K by changing the Co content from 0 to 1. A field-induced methamagnetic transition occurs in samples with x=0, 0.2 and 0.4. The magnetic entropy changes of the compounds have been determined from the isothermal magnetization measurements by using the Maxwell relation.

  18. Radio observations reveal a smooth circumstellar environment around the extraordinary type Ib supernova 2012au

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kamble, Atish; Soderberg, Alicia M.; Margutti, Raffaella; Milisavljevic, Dan; Chakraborti, Sayan; Dittmann, Jason; Drout, Maria; Sanders, Nathan [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Chomiuk, Laura [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States); Medvedev, Mikhail [The Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 (United States); Chevalier, Roger [Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325 (United States); Chugai, Nikolai [Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyatnitskaya 48, 109017 Moscow (Russian Federation); Fransson, Claes [Department of Astronomy, The Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm (Sweden); Nakar, Ehud, E-mail: atish.vyas@gmail.com [Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978 (Israel)

    2014-12-10

    We present extensive radio and X-ray observations of SN 2012au, an energetic, radio-luminous supernova of Type Ib that exhibits multi-wavelength properties bridging subsets of hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae, hypernovae, and normal core-collapse supernovae. The observations closely follow models of synchrotron emission from a shock-heated circumburst medium that has a wind density profile (ρ∝r {sup –2}). We infer a sub-relativistic velocity for the shock wave v ≈ 0.2 c and a radius of r ≈ 1.4 × 10{sup 16}cm at 25 days after the estimated date of explosion. For a wind velocity of 1000 km s{sup –1}, we determine the mass-loss rate of the progenitor to be M-dot =3.6×10{sup −6} M{sub ⊙} yr{sup −1}, consistent with the estimates from X-ray observations. We estimate the total internal energy of the radio-emitting material to be E ≈ 10{sup 47} erg, which is intermediate to SN 1998bw and SN 2002ap. The evolution of the radio light curve of SN 2012au is in agreement with its interaction with a smoothly distributed circumburst medium and the absence of stellar shells ejected from previous outbursts out to r ≈ 10{sup 17} cm from the supernova site. We conclude that the bright radio emission from SN 2012au was not dissimilar from other core-collapse supernovae despite its extraordinary optical properties, and that the evolution of the SN 2012au progenitor star was relatively quiet, marked with a steady mass loss, during the final years preceding explosion.

  19. Laser ablation of Au-CuO core-shell nanocomposite in water for optoelectronic devices

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ismail, Raid A.; Abdul-Hamed, Ryam S.

    2017-12-01

    Core-shell gold-copper oxide Au-CuO nanocomposites were synthesized using laser ablation of CuO target in colloidal solution of Au nanoparticles (NPs). The effect of laser fluence on the structural, morphological, electrical, and optical properties of Au-CuO nanocomposites was investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), photoluminescence (PL), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Hall measurement, and UV-vis spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction results confirm the formation of polycrystalline Au-CuO NPs with monoclinic structure. The optical energy gap for CuO was 4 eV and for the Au-CuO core-shell nanocomposites was found to be in the range of 3.4-3.7 eV. SEM and TEM investigations revealed that the structure and morphology of Au-CuO core-shell nanocomposites were strongly depending on the laser fluence. A formation of Au-CuO nanospheres and platelets structures was observed. The photoluminescence data showed an emission of broad visible peaks between 407 and 420 nm. The effect of laser fluence on the dark and illuminated I-V characteristics of Au-CuO/n-Si heterojunction photodetectors was investigated and analyzed. The experimental data demonstrated that the photodetector prepared at optimum laser fluence exhibited photosensitivity of 0.6 AW-1 at 800 nm.

  20. Le CRDI aunégal

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    L'eau ainsi traitée peut être utilisée sans danger pour arroser les potagers. Le Programme des. Nations Unies pour les établissements urbains, ONU-HABITAT, a ajouté cette innovation à sa liste de « meilleures pratiques », et la Banque mondiale l'a intégrée à ses programmes. Les TI au service d'un meilleur apprentissage.